UMASS/AMHERST 312066 0333 3051 0 s'«- k^.u':'; "life MM WMmm: ■ tJ,*;;^(5t p'riiJtM, .v: 'h r--' MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE J^y, Ilin, 452 ; Frogmojc Froliiic, 242, 370 ; Gibbon's RuFset, 218; Golden Harvey, 407 ; Gospatrick, 5S0 ; Hambcdon Deux Acs, 301, 310, 354 ; High Catocs, 581 ; Ho'lan"- bury. 370 ; Improved Bess Pool, 625 ; King of the I ippins, 403 ; Lord Sufficid, 241, 275 ; Lord Sii,ffi'lif., fruitiiiri branch of, 241 ; Ma n'ngtons Pearmain, 452; Newton Wonder, 580 ; Peasgood's Nonmeh, 273, 302, 319 ; Pott's Seedlirg, 273 ; Shepherd s Seedhng, 301 ; th<: Pear, 611 ; tVe Pear, hll; Tibbetfs Pearmain, 580; Tyler's Kernel, £81 Apple crop, the, 2 Apple tree, the Elephant, 180 Apple t ee bearing fruit and blt>i»m, 405 Apple treee, old, 274, 351 ; old, at Tachtrook, 340; re-grafting, 611 Apples, a big crop of, 129 ; blister on, 201 ; Urab, 446; culture of, 400; early, 30, 90; good, 303; keeping badly, 252, 582; late dessert, 570 ; Uttle-known, notes on, 317; market, 317, 451 ; russet, 3 0 ; storing, 318 Apr les and Peara on heavy soils, 354 Apricot Oullin's Eariy Peach, 570 ; the, in France, 101, 301 ; the, in London, 115, 174 Apricot trees fruiting, 352 Apricots, early, 38; on heavy soils, 2(3 Aquatic plants and their culture, 506 Arabis, 501 Arad, Giant, the, 531, 574 Aralia cordata, 5 ; Maximowiczi, 94 ; Sie- boldi in Cornwall, 169 ; Hkholdi at Mount Charles, Tiino, 169; »pinom, b^il ; spinosa var. canescens, 6 Aralias, the Japanese, 5 /raucyria bearing cones, 40, 112 Arbutus aliiina. 2s2 Aictost;q>ljy]"s alj-ina, 2S2 Arctotis reptauH, 269 Ar'i'firui. h,i/,/s of qrnirth of tilt', 22^ B^aiis, clinlbing, 587 ; French. 15S ; for autumn and tarly winter, 183; forcing, 536 ; in pots, 261 ; runner, 135 Bedding plants and the drought, £27 Bed, pero-anent, a pretty, 470 Beds, mixed, 9 Beech trees, unhealthy, 16 Beet, Tarnip-rooted, 56 liivoma, a rn»-l>tircd, €03; C'rallina, S23 ; Erfordia, 6:U ; fuchsioidts, 323 ; Gloire de Ltrraine, 460; Mariiana gracilis, 323,340, 364; Mrs. Bourne, J09 ; Oetavie, 174 ; £cm- rerfloiens atropur, u;ea, yi ; s Crimton Gem, K^ii ; s., fceedhngs of, U<» ; s., varieties of 07 ; 8 , Vernon 8 variety, 150, 337 Begonias as bedders, 154, 280; at Besley Heath, 300; at Chiswtck, 340; at Forest Bill, 327 ; at Swanky, 347 ; btdding, 409 ; double, an interesting rac-^ of, 108 ; fine- leaved, 003; in ihe open, 255, 388; tuber- ous, 79, 413 ; winter-flower ng, 461 BellQower, the Chinese, 162 Bellium tebidiaide=, 282 Ber' eridopiis cf raUina, 341 Berkp, the seuon ^n, 428 Petriea, autumn, 303 Biennials, £omc tender. 146 BifreuBria vit-llina. U^S Bindweed, Blue Reck, the, 85, 411 Bismartkia noUrp, 4t".0 Bliddtr Sennas, the, 57 Blight, American, 212 Blood Flowers, the, 52 Bbe Bcrrj-, the Fenmylvanian, 430 Bocconia cordata, 406 Boilers and fuel, 5C0 Bolbopbyllum barbigerum, 72, 127; cuprcum, £21 Bomarca o igantha,521 Books — " Art Out-of-Doors," 383 " Book en Fens," 476 " Cliissification o' Chrysanthemums," 108^ " Further Recollections of a Happy Life," 88 " Les Orchidees Rnstiqucs," 173 VI THE GARDEN INDEX [Jan. 6, 1894. "The IllustnUcd Archreolo^st," 15 "The Finn of Mount Kiim Bidu. N.W. Borneo," •27'2 "Tilt; <)rL-h:»''> Boiiva-»liu Alfrctt Xcnner. '-74 ; Mr'. Robert Green, '174 ; P.c-sidont Clovolaud, 574; Sang Lointlne, .'74 ; Vreelandi, 574 Bouv;\rtli;is, ;;22, 4S». 574 ; at Kcw, £23 Braehycoine Siuclaiii, 231 Br.iinea insi^nis 334, 372, 417 Brmible. cut-Ie ved. 257 BrrfS»»vo!ii U)j;I»vtrdy, 573; handsome-flowcreJ, fortbc garden, 517 C'aladium I!iiT(»nne dc 5Iaimorc, 01 ; Le Nain It-u^je, 100 ; President de la Dcvan- saye, 150 0 ilaud'inia umbeU^ta, 38 C dnutlie brcvic rnu, 230 ; coloran", 266 ; ciirculigoides, 237 ; ma«nea, 237 ; Myleai, 522 ; iiutalenBif', 237 ; pltioch onia, 237 ; ^;triata, 237; Witchi, 408; veratnful a, 237 ; ve.stita, 500 ; Victoria Itfgiua, 522 Calanihes, 23ti ; at Kew, 592 ; evergreen, 237 ; top-dressing, 72 C^Irco'aria amplexicaulis, 3l6;andina, 3S ; Burbirtgei, 502 ; choUdonioidcs, 454 ; Kelly- ana, 438, 454 Calln tititioitica,foirt:'n of, 340 O-l'ipsjches, the *H5 CaDisteuuiia trachiitum, 468 Ctl'ipealon rinffCDH, 337 Camel iaenryoidningen Charlotta, 150; I.nljt.-ngrid, I.'jO; liit^-'a »p'endeD8, 203; Mieliekt 150; President Carnot, l.'iO; (^u:uiinu> In, 270 ; see'lf, flowing. 40 Canna.«, 145, 5!tl ; at Chiswick, I15;dwfrf, for autumn bloom, 518; F.euch, varic ies of, 131 Canlerbur/ Bells, a note CD, 45 ; n ffroup of, Tape buUw, flnwcring cf, 207 <'aj>e Ilyacliitli, haroinvHS of the, 500 C.nrk. 400. 573; Esmeralda, lOO ; Florence Kniily Thoday, 574; Glo'rc de Nancy, 1S8. 367, 412; Huniec, 540; Lu Heine. 425; Lca.d r, 02. 147, 574; Mrs. II. C^nn 11.414; Mrs Ilulse, 574; Mns. I,Ci».-od f'c Hotbsihild, 221; Mrs. Key- nolds Uk'.q. '.a, 111, 147, 107; note% 185, 2:iO ; jitanting, HK); Souve-.ir re la Mal- maiw' n. liyeriig. 110; Winter Cheer, 5S2 Carr a ii-nn. 4S, 4 3; another race of, 204 ; hi Hden ide Gardens, 43 ; at Gunneraiury Park. :>ii; at Maiclen Erlcigh, 47; at Syon Il'.ii c 45; at Whlttinghame, 553; bor('er, <0I ; (.'l..vo, 367, 4'0, .V>7 ; fnigrance in, 4*7 ; from America by po;t, 0> ; from tihiremon', 30; from Kelso, 174; from Rothesay, 114; in paficr collars, 154; in- tr.as ng. 510 : Malma ; dying rfT, 4; forcing, 489; late-soAn, 4S7 ; young, for winter u*c, 101 Caryoptaris raa.stacantha, 340, 301 Cassia corymbtsi, 119, 413; plan ci out, 200 Ca tUleja indi^isa, 131 CataliKi b'gnonioiiea, 133 Cata etum Bungerothi, 30S ; H Potts'aniira, 9iyia ; cernuiim, 2 li ; Darwinianum, t22 ; Gnomus, 313 ; macrocarpuni, 2 G CaUleya Aclmdiffi, e, 304 ; a g ant, S ; A'ex- andrat, 807 ; aurea, 13S 3 4, 133, 465; a. Stat- teri ni, 4-5, 520 ; b colir, fS8 ; H Bcnsis, 313 ; Bowriogiana, 418, 433, 451, 521 ; c tr'na, 3*:4 ; r. au-^nti ca, 150 : cri^pa sviperbJi, 100; Dowiana, 288, 550; D. aurea Statttriana, 156; P. auioa Wheatleyana, tl4; Eldorado, 138; Ga-iVelli na, 28, 15i; G. albens, 58 ; gijas .SaniKrian;*, 5111 ; trot- tata LeopoI'li, 90 llu'dyana. 100, 2SS ; Hur sonisB raacnLatv 2ss ; 1 biat;i, 418, 433, 465, 478, 521; 1. Eldo ado, 2SS ; I. Pe civdlianft, 531 ; Loridigc i, 138;lut ola, 454; maxima, 4 '3 ; Mendeli, 28; Mossia; Uardya-, S : Mr. Whca ley's, 6\i; O'Brieu- iau«, 20ii ; Ptrcivaliani, 5S0 ; pumila, 521 ; Begiielli, 583; Sa'deHna, 8, 156; Schil- leriana, S; S hnfieldiana, 156; speriosis- Fima Cirrieii, 5il ; suptrba, 00; Trianje Rtgira, 156; Warntri, 8, 27; Warocque- ana, 41.S Caulirtowcr Midsummer Day, 308 Cmliflowtrp, 134; autumn, ^25 ; autumn r.iisel, 160, 423 ; potting, 472 Ccanothus americanu", vari-ties of, delilianiis, 471 ; Gloire de Versaillts, 426 C!e nothuses, hardy, 470 Celedic, 2' 0 : blanched or green, 526 Celery, tlanching, 225, 334 ; earl/, 378; how to avoid spoiling, 263 ; protec in?, 534, 58S ; r tten, 566 ; s>lt for, 4, 88 ; dressing, 101 Celosijis for autimn blorm, 518 Centaurea ruthenica, 372 Centropogon Lucyanup,593 Cticis sili'jiifiiitraia, 376 Cereus hexagonus, 410 Ce tram e'.egans, 444 Chama3 op.s FurtuBc', l.'i, S4 riitilanthes capensis, 20, 2.4 Cheirantlms Allioni, 00 Chelonc barbata, 340, 3ii4 ; T yoni, 511 rherry, Early Rivtrs, 446 ; Halive du Piio, 2 Cteiries and mois u e, lO'.^ ; Mur.ll*, as bush tr,;(8, 114 ; on norlli wa'lp, 91 Che-h'rd, opjn-air Graphs In, 203 Chebter, nv-tcifrom, 16, I'fj Chestnuts, !>7/' Chimonanth'18 fragrans, 615 Chirouia ixifura, 2.'3 ; pcdvuic laris, 212 Chiswick flo^ershow, ES Choisya ternata, 410 Christmas Hose , 503 Chri.** mas trees and evcrgrecus, 603 Chrysantheraum Anna Ilart.shorn, 363 ; Bcaute <'c Touloutaine, 480; Beau'y of Exmoutli, 537 ; Hrookleigh (icm, 516; bvid fonnatlrn, r;6 ; Cecil Wray, 490, 572; Celt'c, 572; Cliarlcs Davis, 363. 458; C B. Wbitnall. 386; Col. T. C. Bourne, 5*44, 572 ; Col. Chatc, 480 ; Coral t^ucen. 364 ; euro- luir.i'iii Z-i") ; Cottage Pink, .'.16; Dan!e,42)i; Dtuil de Jules Ferry, 572 ; DoUv Varden, 4-.S : Dr. Mrs. Ward, 386 ; Eda Pr.os-, 386 ; KJilb Kowbottom, 386 ; EUie, 458 ; Ernest faille, 458 ; Euifenc Lanjaulct, 615 ; Excelsior, 363 ; General Hawkcs, 413; George Savage, 426; Golden Beverley, 516; G(.!den G.te. 400, 572; Goldtti Gem, 570; Golden Wedding. 537:Golden Wrctth, 386; G. W. Ctiilds. 426, 480; Harletp in, 6i5 ; InterDatiODal, .''»37 ; Jardlu dcH I'lantos, 430, 516;.). IJ. Hunciraao, 443 ; .b.hn Shrimp- t>o, 426. 443 ; .Judge lloltr .^41, 572 ; Jules Lagravtre, 516 ; Kenti.h Villnw. 38i;; la Nymphe,55s ; Lady Fitzwilliam. -sj ; L Ami Etienuc, 443 ; latifolium. 570 ; La Viergc, 5H ; Le Ct.losse Grenobloij, 55s ; L'Knfaut del deux Mon<(ea, 426 ; Lo I'nnce du Bois, 4i6 ; Lord Uostbory, 544, 572 : Loui-ic, 3S6 ; Mil.'. Martignju-, 4t8 ; Mile. There.se Bey, 386 ; Mmo. Caniot, 490, .''.72 ;Mme. Barrier, 480 ; Mmc. Deagrangc, «28 ; Mmc. Kdouard Rcy. 386 ; Mme. (iroard, 343 ; Mmc. I.-!aae, 443;Mme. M. Hlcoud, ^37 ; Mmc. Octivc Mirbcau, 426. 443; Mmc. Ruzain, .558; Marie Thereso Bergman, t'.l4 ; Marion Dingle, 55s ; Marquise dc Paris, 363 ; Mary Anderson, 558; maximum filifonue, 114; Miss Alice Wilson, 3N(i ; Miss Maggie Blenkiron, 572; Miss Muriel Scott, 386; Mi(*8 Wat»on, 3c8 ; Mrs. Alpheus Hardy, 458 ; Mrs. Bourne, 058 ; Mrs. Chjis. Cox, 28 1 Chrymnthcmum Mrs. C. H. Payne, 3GI; Mrs. G. KvmdU', 32S, 516 ; Mrs. Nisbet, 363 ; Mrs. P. Blair, 357 ; Mi-s. Uobt. J. IJamill, 443 ; Mrs. Robinson K*ng, 48 \ 557 ; Mrs. Smith Hyland, 572 ; Mrs. T. Denne, 409, .'i7J ; Mrs. W. R. Wells, 517 ; Mr. (\ U. Bessent, 572: Mr. E. Rowbnttoni, 21S, 328; Mr. H. Jackson, 572 ; M. Norman Davis, 592 ; M. P. IW.arignac, 572 ; nivcum, 572 ; notes, 571 ; Pattie Pcnfold, 458 ; Pearl Beauty, 4K0; Petit Dclaux, 386; Potter Palmer, 572; President Borrel, iS6; President W. R. Smith, 572 ; Pride of Maidenhead, 480 ; Piimrose League, 480 ; Prince du liois, 490, 572; P.inccss ot Wales, 516; Professor Laekman, 499, 572 ; Professor Wliitmack, 386 ; prospects, 295 ; Puritan, 363 ; Putney George, 558 ; Richar.l Dean, 572 ; Hose Wynne, 538 ; Royal Windsor, 538 ; Samuel Barlow, 248 ; Snowdrop, 558 ; Source d Or, 477; uligjnosum serotiuum, 340; Dlrich Bninner, 386 ; Vice-President Bar.'gny, 4?, 3'--3 ; Viviand Morel, 516; Waban, 480; White Viviand Morel. 328 ; William Seward, 363; William Tucker. :-63, William Tun- nington, 400, 572 ; W. H. Line In, .072 Chrysanthemums, 13 ; American, 470 ; Ane- mone, 45S ; a new treatise on, 572 ; ar- ranging, 4.57; fs bush plants, 517; as shown, 555 ; at Broadoaks, B,\ tlect, 458 ; at Cambcrwcll, 385; at Chelsea, 4^6; at Chicago, 557 ; at Chiswick, 425 ; at the Crystal Palace, 457 ; at Glasncviu, 558 ; at Gnnncrsbury Park, 639; at Highbury Now Park, 442 ; at Horneey, 425 ; at Kew, 442; at Lewishani, 442; ao Maidenhead, 479 ; at Ravcnseovu't Park, 454 ; at Rye- croft Nursery, 138 ; bones as drainage for, 10 ; certificated, 477 ; cultural notes on, 347, 537, 614 ; cut, w th long stems, 456, 517 ; dwarf, for exhibition, 614 ; dwarf, 480, 517; exhibiting— a suggestion, 557; exhibi ion v. decorative, 557 ; early, 120, 208, 3i8, 363 ; fetding, 106 ; fimbriated, 4)7 ; for colour, 477 ; freely-grown, 478 ; French-raised, 442 ; good, 480 ; good deco- rative, 557 ; gool out-door, 616; frrafied, 457 ; grouping, 572 ; groups of, 478, 539 ; groups (f, at Torquay, 558; Guernsey, 614 ; hairy, 537 ; m bunches, 572 ; In Guernsey, 539 ; in paper colluri, 557 ; in the paiks, 473; in vases, 614; Japanese Anemone, 478 ; Japanese incurved, 458, 557; late, 47S ; late, in small pots, 572; M. Cilvat's geedhng, 458, 572; names of, 19; naturally grown, 385; new, 386, 495, 450, 457, 474, 475, 523, 544, 572 ; new Ane monc-floweied 572 ; new early-flowering, 139; new, prices of, 517, 572; New Zea- land seedling, 413 ; not-s on, 19, 139, •-!07, 208, 261, 295, 362, 441, 458, 537 ; nUea fvum Syon House, 455 ; October flowering, 261 ; oli ccr.ificatetl, 477; planted out, 327; liremicr blooms, 457 ; seedl'ng, 328 ; showing, 515 ; single, 4*i7, 537, 538 ; single, out of door;?, 409 ; spoiling, 479, 538 ; staging, 45*, 456, 457, 478, 1.22; fcummer work amongst, 105 ; the best white Jap- anese, 572 ; trained specimen, 456 ; two go:d, 430, 50\ 592 Chysis Oweniana, 614 Cinerarias attacked by the leaf miner, 424 Cistus ff.rmosus, 233 ; funaosim, 233 Citrus tiifnliata in fruit, 174 Cladrastis aniurjnsis, 57, 60 Clematis Davidiauj, 281 ; ercc'a fl.-pl., 09; tlammuta 203 ; Jackm>nni in a mass, 254 ; liimnjinnmi atlm ijian'inii l/iroidjh J:ar(L iniriD/i/inlla^ 253 ; Stiuilcyi, i74 ; virginiana, 340 Clematises, N4 ; in lljwcr, OS ; p-.uLiag, loO Cleome pungcns, 44 Clerodendron fallax, lt'i2 ; foitidum, 14, 258 ; nulans, 4(d ; tricliotomuni, 221, 258, 539 Clethra alnifolia, 115; arbor..a, 116; paidcu- lata, 93 Clithcroe, Eote? from, 279 3J0 Coal, anthracite, 476 C^ob nuts, 636 Cobiea seandens, 180 Cockscombs and Celo.sias in Ecgeut's Park, 529 C cks?ombs in Hydo Park, 2i0 Ccelia bclla, 502 Cfclogyue birbata, 614; criatati 372, 498; c. lo'o'euca, 37^ ; e. Lemoniana, 37i; c. maxima, 37;i ; c, Trentliam variety, 372; Dayana, 28 Colchicum autumnale album, 337 Co chicunis, the, 228, 337 Colowort. the London or Rosette, 4S7 Colcworts, 533, £88 ; Rosette, 487 Co linsia liBterophylln, 2o7 Colour, p'easing contrjst of, 147 Co.utea arborc-iccns jivirpurea, OJ Coluteas, 57 Commelina ciL-le&tis, 06, 105 Comparettia macroplcctron, 589 Conellowcr, jmrplo, the, l.'i5 Conifers and the drought. 133; and mtis- ture, 233 ; sununer tnuisplanting of, 232 ; Ihe timber of cxo^i<', uses and lomparative value, ti05 Contrast of colour, a fine, 115 Cordon fruit trees, 570 Curdylino auitralis, 3sl ; B inksl, £19; Bauer', 510; iudivi.a 461 ; i. \cra, 532; supcrblens, 519 Cordylines, 518 Cornflowers in autumn, 437 Cornus brachypoda variegata, 221 ; cana- densis, is2 ; Hurida, 337 ; Kousa, 27 ; mac o- phylla, 27; orticiaalrs, ^7 ; sibirici Spathi, 94, i77, 55 1 foryanthes macuUta, 90 ('o-mo5 bipinnatus, 43', 501; white, the, 301 C-stus igneus, 593 (utchcle llovise, Cornwall, 21 Vohhi t /I""-", a.wf/ar fine, 117; from the tast, 21 Cotyledon mamillaris, 120 Coutarea Soherffiaua. 120 Crib Apple, a beautiful, 370 ; Fairy, the, 407 ; Siberian, the, 233 Crab trees in f.uit, 240 Craticgus ccccinc.i, l58 ; pinnatitida major, 377 Creosots tor stages, 50 1 Crinura giganteum, 42; Mooei 115; M. alhmn, 174, 484; M.as a wicdoAr plant, 170 ; Powelii, 87, 120, 132 ; P. album, 16 ; seed- ling, a, 92 Crinums, hardy, 48, 522 Croci, autumnal, 2Sj, 287 Crocusmii aurea imperia'ii, 174. 21S, 279 ; aurea and its varuti.s, 596; f. Tntouia, 512, 595 Crocus chrysantlius, 615 ; speciosus, 337 Crocuses, autumn, 367; fo-r god white, 553 Crop, an importint, 70 Cropp, renovating, 135 Cropt-ing, double, 56. Croton Andre mus, 4S4 ; Baroness James de Rothschild, 4S4, 57d ; Mme. Ernest Berg- man, 150; Russelli, 474; uudulatus, 602, Warreni, 484 Crotons, 532 ; decorative, a useful trio of, 484 Crystal Pa'ace, notes from the, 60 Cucumber, curious, a, 381; Japanese Po'e, the, 422 Cucumber frame, use of, 380 Cvicumber roots deca, ing, 378 Cucinnbers failing, 5, 26 , winter, 134 Cultivation, deep, 4, 334, 566 Cupheaplatycentra, 269 Cuprcssus macrocarpa lutea, 109 Cuicuma Hoscoeana, 323 Cuscuta cbiliensis, 163 Cycas revoluta, fruiting of t';e, 382 Cyclamens, hardy, 10', 301, 337, 430, 509, 615 ; Persian, ol poor colour, 545 Cycnnihus chloruchi'o.), 90 Cydonia ja]K'iiioa, moving, 94 Cymliidiuui atUuc, 545; canaMculatum. 00; Dcvoniaaum, 58; cburneuni, 15.«; g gau- tcum, 5^0 ; Tracyanimi, 593 fjypcrorchis Masteisi, 530 Cyperus alternifo.i\is, 509 ; papyrus, 5Q9 ; ttrictup, 509 Cypress, the deciduous, 604 Cypripedium albaucns?, 372 ; Aphrodite, 269 ; Ai-hworthfc, 474; Baiteti superbum, hVia; Calccolus, 520; calh.sum Sandcrse, 156 ; ca urum, 580 ; cardit a c, 520 ; Charles- wortbi, 313; ('<'thilde ^b.ens. 269; Cur- tisi, 28, 72; Edwardi, lui', 221; fine hy- brid, a, 454 ; giguntcum, 308 ; Hariisiauum, 521 ; Horiii.num, 372; insigue, 410; i albo- niargiLatum,.530;'. var. Sandera!,520;i.Well- s■anum, 531; Lawrcbel, 418; Leeanimi, 5 jO ; Locanum var. James Uamilton, 474 ; Leoni¥', 1.69; leucorrbtnlum, 308; Lowi- auum, 324 ; macropteron, 530,; Massaianum, 61 ; microchilum, 534 ; NormaniaDum, 307 ; o'na - suiierbiens, 150, 260; Pdrishi, 72; po itUQj, 692; purpuratum, 30S ; Roth- schildi num, 72, 432 ; Saudcrianiun su^er- bicne, 221 ; Sede- i, 227 ; (outhgatenee suiJLibum, 454, 474 ; spect ibUe, 8, 47, f5, 227, 253 ; Mpicerianum, 398, 580 ; Stonei r"anart;e, 65; Swinbunici, 474; Thaycri- anvun, l.^O; vexidarium, 589 Cypriptdivnns, 5.'.0 ; at Epsom, 4.54; grown 'cool for winter b.oom, 177 ; hybiid, 589 ; new, 522, 567 Cyrtanthus acgustifo'iuB, ISO; sanguineus, ISO Cyrta thuses, the, 132 Cystopteris montaua, 20 Cytisus capltatus, 67, 9J ; filip:s, 454 ; longi- spicatus, 337 ; nigricins, 67, 03 D. D.affodil Golden Bell, 188; winter, the, 40J ; ,rutt,r. III,, 365 Daflodils, 231 ; for naturalisation, 281 ; forcing double, 574; new trumpet, 188; on the (^rass, 8b7 Ja.v. G, ISOl.] THE GARDEN INDEX VII U ihliiv CanneUa Goa. 870 ; Chancellor, 221 ; Ernest Cheal, 2St ; l''Unilionii, 281 ; Oluro of the Onvdcn, 41)7 : (M.irius:i, ii\; Goldon l.'tc'ks. 270 ; L'ldy Pimiz nice. 221 ; M. C. C, 270 ; Jlr.i. A. I'u .rt, 3.'7 : Mis. Bownmii, 41): .Mf8. Moi-tinuT, 221 ; Teiul, 171 ; Phylli', 270 ; i)r.i.siicc-t.-i, lk7 ; HowcnJ, 221; Si-;i>l-3t licild-.T, 48 ; norratiiiu al:v var., 4 ili ; White Astur. I.s.-i, 2i3 Pnhl as at Cok-hu»ter, 32r, ; a note ' n, ISS, 2211 ; Cactus, SiO ; in Octohor, SS!1 ; new, SIS. 357; tingle, 337; aiinjk laeliu, 403; two finest, 272 . Ititi^if, CrtHr,,, tioini-xof th'', 34.') Daisies, Michaeliius, 824 :J S ; at Cimbcv- well, 364 ; at Cbiswion, 2S0 ; from Ireland, 3C.4 ; selection of, 41i 1 Daisies, P..i-is, H Daleehampia Roezliilia, 424 Hanisons, r)25, .'iU7 Haphiiiphylhim glauce:cens, .040 D.tvira coVuiu-opia, 313 ; Mctel, 207 Iiee.iration, seasonable n<-tte8 on, ;i03 D.;l|ihiiiiuiii Uelladonna, Sil ; nudieaulo 100 Delphiniums, 327 ; from eeed, 11 Ucndrobium bimculare, 5S ; canaliciilitum, SO; Cassiope, 590; Dearei, 177; infnndi- buhim, .'(21; Lccanum, 34.S, 433 ; leucoli- pliotuni, 30.S : liuguieforme, .'iil ; Mircclja- num, 454 : nobile, 400 ; Phahenopsis, 20t>, 34s; P. liniomcanuiu, /n,u'., 140 ; citissaiioda, 141 ; insignia, 141 ; spl^n- dem, 111 ; Williamsi, 141 Dipladtniai, 145 DiplaiTheiia Jliniea. 42 Dipkipappus ehrysupliylius, 03 Dipodiuui paludosuin, 27 Disa grandiflora, 72 ; new, s, 203 ; Premier, 3>7 ; tripeta oides, 521 Dibas, seedling, 304 DogwooJs, the .Japanese, 27 Du^js in the g.arden, 615 Djrsct, notes from, 313 Doryanthes Guilfjylei, 69 ; GuUfonUi in the lliiliiitir (Innl, IIS, il.lhonnu. 60 Doryopteris, 354 ; Aleyonis, 354 ; coUiua, 356; hidens, 355; nobiUs. 3j5; pilmata, 365; pedata, 355 ; sagittifolia, 3S5 Draeiena ^Vlexander Laing, 150 ; iiidivisa, 381 ; i. aurea var.egata, 61 ; Jamesi, 474 Dragon Hower, 348 i)m;;(j,i's Moi'Mi, 349 Drough-, great, the, of 1S03, 135 ; the late, and the hndiling of Roses, 117 Dryas lanata, 146 Earica suaveoltns, 150 Earwigs, 212 ; an etfectual trap for, 555 Echinacea purpurea, 115, 155 Echinops Kitro, 5i 0 Echinopsis Dicaisncaua, 518 ; Eyriesi, 51S ; £;/ri, 517 ; oxy- gona var. Zuccariuiana, 518 ; oxi/ijiuia la: HuC'-ariitiamt, in tlotrtr in ojun air, 516 ; tubiflora, 518 Elchornia aznrea, £03 ; crassipes major, 508 Blaphcglossum callaslolium, 227 ; eonformc, 227 ; crassiuerfum, 227 ; eu8i:id.atum, 227 ; Gardneriannm, 227 ; Herminieri, 227 ; piloselloides, 227 ; scolopendrifolium, 227 ; tiinamosum, 227 ; undulatum, 227 Elaphogliisbums, 227 Elder, the.dolden, 93 ; the Scarlet, 38 Elms, variegated, 133 Endive, Improved liroad-Ieaved Batlvijn, 5s7 ; Improved Uuund-leaved Batasian 533 ; the growth of, 65 EomceoQ chionanthus, 326 Epidendrum alatum, 72; arachnoglossum, 202 ; catillus, 202 ; cinnabarinum, 202 ; cnemidophonim, 202 ; Cooperianum, 202 ; elongatum, 203 ; Fredeiici-Guilislmi, 00, 200 ; itaguense, 203 ; myrianthum, 203 ; O'Brienianum, 203 ; paniciiUtum, 203 ; pseud-Epidendnim, 203 ; rad'eans, 203 ; Schomburgki, 2'J3 ; syriugotbyrauB, 203 ■ vltelliijum majus, 7, 72, 02, li6; Wallisi, 203 ; xanthiiiiim, 203 Epidendrvims, Ueed-like, 502 Epilobium angnstifoliuin album, 296 ; Bil. lardierianum. Mi; latifolium, 450, 474 Epimedium cilehi' um, 86 Eremurl, 592 Ereniurus rjbiistu'", 136 Erica auraa, 04 ; ciliaris, 04 ; hyeraal'S alba, 4.50, 5J2 ; multiilo a, 276; tetralix, 04; vag.His, 01 ; vulgaris alba llammondi, 04 ; V. a minor, 04; v. a. rigida, 04 ; v. a. Sear- lei, 01 ; V a. toiiieii'osa, 04 ; v. Alporti, 04 ; V. argentca, 04; v. cuproa, 04 ; v. fl.-pl., 04 ; V. tenuis, 04 Eiigeron si cclosus, 337 ; ». superbus, 38 Eriopsis rutidobnlcoD, 613 Bryn.iura alpinuin, 34, 100, .507; aniethy- stiaum, 697 ; cretieum, 507 ; falcatum, 608 ; giganteum, 508 ; glaciale, 507 ; pla- num. 203, .508 Eryngiums, 186; harJy, 107 l'>ythr;ev diffusa, 00 Erythrina erista-galli, 44 Erythrohcna conspicua, P4 4 Escallonia Philippiana, i7 E^eheelioltzias, li04. 511 Eucalyptus i il— a warnirg, 18 Eucharie, the, 3i>2 Eucrvphia pionatifolia, 92; for colour 512 Eulaiia gracillima. 3i3 ; g. univittata, 380 Euonymus radioans, 131 Eupatoiium pu puroum, 282; Wcismanni- annm, 425 Eiiphorbii pil sa, 325 Kuryi1S 232, 255, 282, 300, 3iottamnuB elegana. 441 Hsomanthus albtflos, 52 ; albo-maculatup, 52 ; Cttherina;, 44 ; cinnalarinus. 52;Clarkii, 5' • cocclneus, 52 ; flhil.rus, 62 ; Katheiina-. 5' '■ Ijtndeui, 357 ; magnlticus, 52 ; mulli- florus, 52 ; natalentis, 52; nniuUnsis, US ; tigiinue, 52 - , , Ilalrbells, annual and bionniil, 33 Ha'esla d'ptera, 276 , , ^^ > -i i Ha dy tlowtrs, J'S. 04, 143, 627 ;lnthekrtihen earden, 412 ; imEsing, 200 HTtdy plants, notis on, 85, 00, 145, 186, 231, 253, 281,510; ijordero of, 628 ; shading, 460 Hari-iw W.a'd, notes from, 454 lliaths, hardy 01 ; hardy, from Matlock, 40o Hechtiaargentea, .'.'2 Helera atropurpurea, 570; Helix minimi, 553 ; H. tessellata, 1-50 lledychlum co: onarlutr, i2s , Gardnerianuir, 107 llelenliim Ilo-pts', 282 IkltanlliimiiM/nriiioainii, 233; Fuma-.a, 145 ; pulctellnm, 187 ^^ . . IJelianthus iiiultilloriis .S./eil ilOr. 300 ; rigi- dus, 345 ; rigidus Mi s Mcllish, 221, 220 Heliotrope.'', 162 Hemlock, a Japanese, 598 Ilepatica", 695 Herbaceous p'aiits, arranging, to get succes- sion of bloom, 52S Ilercditv in p'ants, what ts it ? 234 Hats, West' weather In, 88, 112, 15?, 200, 124, 260, 272, 338, 476, 510 Heuchora sangDiica, 11, 45, 84, 85, 123, 188, 279 Hioi.cus schizopcta'u", 41 ; syriacus, 133 ; P. totus al -US, 177 ; trionum, 500 Higgintii rcfulgeii', 1'20 Hippea.strum kiaehyandrum, 02; jroc r.ra, 86 : the, 381 Hollies, the Sea, 38 „ ,,, Hollyhock Ama-mth, 160 ; the, 2S0, oil H'.'liyhocks, 83,216, 346 ; from seed, 123 Ho ly tree, a lare,c, 364 Honey Balm, the, 606 Honey Locu»r, the, 510 H.ineysuikic scarlet tr.imict_ the, 430 Hum cams, Japane-e, the, 276 Horticultui e, fnendi of, 670 Houllctia odoratis ima, 8 Hoyi carno.sii 180, 257 Hunneaannia f iiiari«foli', 203 Hya inth. Star, 304 Hyac nthus (audicans, 132 Hyde Park, fine groups in. 204 Hjdr.ngei p.nici'lat , 377; p. gl'an.iflirs, 114, 300; q'leicifolii, 270; vestita var. piucsccns, 302 Hym nodium erititum, 201 Hyferic.m M"S rianiim, 233 ; nummnlaia, 146 ; oblongilolium, 132 ; patul'im, 227, 392 Hypericums in bloom, 160 Hyi'hicue thcba'ca, 460 Iiupaticus auric ma, 603; Sultin), 203, 485; Saltani, bieaisin coluurof, 421 Indii., Eoglish gardeners for, SS Ind'goera Gcraidian •, 57 Im 001. jests in the garden, 2 J Imecticido, laraflin asan, 135 ;ie rl um as an, 72 lochioma t ib\il"sum, 425 TonOi-sis ulrlcul ti i"idts, 28 Iloma'iHorsf»llia! vjr. Biiggsl, 515; r-lro- cce ulea, 450 ; Icrnata, 6'.0 Ireland, a note Irjm, 250 liisal.ti, 364; a. In pits, 481; bearJless, 144 ; German, the, 611 ; Ka;mpfer), 34 ;k »hm.i- iana, 501 ; Ucustiis, 187; rct.culatiinpots, 610 ; Spanish vsrielies of, 45 Irises, anote on, .5'.i3 ; aud Iiidca;, 143 ; three iDllo, 46 Iron roofing for shoe's, 616 Ixias, «86 Ix'.-ra mac othjrsa, 256, 518 .labarcsa lntc3r;folia, 187 Jasmine, Spanish, ttc, 4sl Jasininum gracllllmum, 521 ; gr.indltknim, 484 JilIeisOLii diphjUa, 186 , , Jeisey, the WistariaJu, 341 ; !/ii Wiiluna !«, 341 Juilm t. If, IIk, 370 K,'«mpfet's Iiis, 15 Kiiuit, 153 Kakis, Japantso, 521 Ka'.es and'dio ght, 481 Kalmia angus iiolla and Rhododendl on, 6 Ktw, Bamboo gardon at, 92 ; the flower gar- den at, 320 Kidney lieau, a running, 610 Kitchen garden ci"ps, mulching, 56 Kit. hen garden, wirk In the. II, 30, 63, 77, 121, m, 165, 261, -OOO, 684, 607 Kit ley, 455 Kitli II, mar Phliaoulk, 455 KnipQofiiLaetess, 590 ; loda, 500; Mata- dor, 500; nbtlisk, .5o0 ; Ol-iilid; .V.iu; Dpbir, 690 ; Stir oJ UMlen-Biden, 8!iO; Tiiumph, 500 Lachenalia aurea, 692 ; glaueium, 115 LachenaUa-s in pots, 573 VUl THE GARDEN INDEX [Jan. 6, 1894. Lailia nmand.i, 550 ; anccps, 6£0 ; a. Amesi- ana, 523 ; :u Dawsoni, 2S5 ; a, Ililliana, 2S5 ; x Percivaliana, 2A5 ; a Sjuid- riana, 2S5 ; a. SclirtBdoriaim, 2S5 ; :l, Vcitchiilla, 285; a. vestalis, 285 ; a. virgiiialis, 285 ; a. Wil- liamsi, 285 : a., white varieties of. 884 ; au- tumn«Ii.s, 6SS ; aiituiuiialis .alba, 520 ; a. Anioldiana, 531 ; callistoglossi, 177 ; crispa, 220 ; crispilibia, 58 ; Day.ana. 287 ; Dor luaiii n.a, 4ilS, 645; clojfans albi, 128; o. loicotata, 156 ; o Morreniaua, 520 ; c Tur- ueri. 227, 313 ; Gouldinna, 520 ; p-andis tcncbros-a, 398, 531 ; Lindlejaua, M ; Mar- riottiana, 550 ; monophylla," 12*, 13S; No- velty, 150 ; pnestilis, 898, 433 ; pumila, 287; pumila mirabilis, 590; p. var. Dayana, 2SS ; pui-purata, 58 ; fcchilloriaiia, 150, 530 ; tencbrosa, 150 ; xauthiua, 177, 531 Lielio-Cattleya epicasta, 209 ; Nysa, 269 ; St ittoriaiia, 474 I^a^Iws from Down House, 4f5 ; new, 567 Lajliopsis domiugensis, 530 Uigerstra'mii indica, 256 I.antuna Drap d'Ur, 3t^S Larkspurs, annual, 92 L;istrea arlstata variegata, 183 L-astreas from New Zealand, 417 Lathyrus .azures, two forms of, 204 ; gTand;- lioius, 10 ; latifolius Turncri, 345 Laurels, spoi ed by, 427 Lavatcra niaritinia, 340 Leadicort^ Cn/n, 3S0 Leaves, November, 521 Leeks, 11 Lcpicystis squanuti, 20 Leptotes bicolor. 5S0 Lespcdeza Sieboldi, 169 Lottute, Cabb.aije, All the Year Round, 472, 5S7; Cabbigc, hirdy, 183; Cos, autumn, best, IDS ; sp'ing, 374 ; winter, 107, 226 Lcwisia rediviva, 187 Leycesteria fonnosa, 109, 2J7, 309 Lintris pycnoslaehya, 150 Light, mauve tints under artificial, 44 LUium Alexandra;, el ; aiiratum, 406 ; a. in Ireland, 340 ; a. imported, 437 ; Bate- mannte. 187 ; Crowni, 47 ; candiduoi, 47, 186 ; concolor, 15 ; Ualhtinsoni. 260. (6 294 ; elegans amieniacum, 92 ; Grayi, 16 Henryi, lis, i21 ; jajioaicimi AlexandrlB, 115 ; Krairori, 48, 100 : Lcichtlini Isl, 187 ; longiflorum var. formosjinum, 87; Lowi, 01 ; JUrt.agon album in London, 16 ; 51. o.almaticum in London, 47 ; ilarturinn al- bum, 325 ; odoriim, 48 ; o. japouiculn, 4i ; parda'inum, S6 ; epeciosum album, S2S ; s. a. at Balcombe, 253; supcrbuir, 2 5; tes- taceum, ;f5 ; t:grinum at Kew, 131 L ly. Hell.adonna, 307, 411 ; B , border of, Si8 ; B., ill the open, 280 ; blooms, dura- tion of, 1.'4 ; Cape Coatt, the, 42, 92; Ma- donna, the, 46; new, a, 9-i, 155; sweet- sceoted, a, 44 ; the white. 10 ; Tiger, in the London p rks. 231 ; Water, foims of our n.atlve, 98 ; while M.arfcigoa, the, 325, 412 Liliea. 3t, 94, 411 ; at Hcithcrbank, 36S : at Ulghgatc, 47, 296; .at Kew, 389; .at Tot- tenhatr, 197 ; H Madonna and Plantain, 269 ; culture and prop,agation of. 389 ; dwarf, 9 ; from Colohtster, 316 ; from Wev- bndge, 88 ; hybr d, 2t0 ; in the north "of tnglacd, 154 ; in 1S93, 495; new, 87, 495 ; notes on, 84 ; p'anting, 596 ; Tiger, )SS, 495 ; tran.spUntinsf, 9 ; white, and .- 1 ■ Limnochsris Humbo'dti, 508 Liniria dalmatica. 100 ; reticula'a aureo- punmrca, 92; spartca. 391; tiiorLitho- ph ra, 101 ; vul^aiii var. Pcloria, ICO Linariis, haidy, ICO Linum te'ragnum, 002; tigynum, f02 1 i iuidanib.ar, the, 454 Lithospermum c incscen*, 97 ; fnitlcosi'm, 510 : Gaatoni, 97 ; giaminifolium, 97 ; olca- folium, 07; p tr»UQi, 17; pros'nitum, 97, 545 ; y» o^tratnui, 97 ; tinctorium, 97 lobelia ra''dinali«,3C6 ; fu'pens, varielics of, 36fp ; Goldclse. 29i ; herbaceous the, '32; K.a'mi, 367 ; Kemeri, S-IO ; setsUifoIiii, 306 ; Epicata, 367 ; tupa, 3' 6 Lobe'ias, hcrbaceou9, 566 ; in Ncwry, 340 Locust, the Clammy, 0 Lodoicea scychellatum, 460 Lonlccra jap^inic-a. 94 Loqiia^, t^ic at .Soutbampton, 430 Lotus, 50H; Jacoba?a, ' 56 ; pcliorrhynchua, 231 LuWiila purpurea. 186 Luddemannia Pcscatorei, S8, 418 Lyca^tc aromatica, 395 ; cruenta, 395 ; Dop- rei, 895; gigantca, 395; plana, 395; p. Mcavurcsi&na, 520 ; 8kiuncri, S95 ; s. gUri- rea, 550 Lyca*tes, S94 ; new, 567 Lycbnia fulgens, 14G; Haagcana, 15; Sie- boldi, 145; vespErtina ilena, 492 M. Macaranga Portcana, 460 Macrozamia Kraseri, 461 Magnolia Candollei, 470 ; CmuJolhi hi fomr at ]Va*hinijton, 470; pumila, 496; stellate, 426, 471 ; MiValaHt Washimilon, 426; s(ricte injloirtTuI H'anliinillon, l/.S A , 391 Magnolias at Melbourne, 471 ; at Washing- ton City, DC , 197, 391 Magnolias, the, 43S Malloir, VinifC, llii, 509 Manettia bic lor, 461, 54-, 573 Mangosteen, the, 4tl0 Manicaria saccifeni, 460 Manning, Mr., retirement of, 224; tes'i- monial to, 316, 450 M.aples, J.apancsc, for colour, 426 Martjutritts, a but o/, 45 ; for flower-beds, 45 ; in autumn, 444 Marigold, pot. Double Royal, 48 ; growing the, 97 Marigolds, African, 30O ; in beds, 215 Market flowers, 410 ; and f uit, 549 Market garden notes, 155, ISl, 3J4, 376, 543 Marktt, Pansies for, 345 Martlac, Mens. B lutour-, 583 Marri.igo, a happy, 253 M.artinmas term, 473 Martynia fr.agrans, 467 ; lutea, 467 Maslevallia Davisi, 589 ; D.ayana, 81 ; Garri- ana, 589 ; Harryana armeniaca, 266 ; ma- crura, 499 ; mac jlata flava, 398 ; tovarcn- sis, 570 MasdcvaUi-a, 72, 177 Maurandya Birclayaua, 144 Maurita flexuosa, 461 Maxillaria Sanderiana, f!), 613 ; venusta, 491> Medinilla amabilis, 345 MedLars, 535 Melittis melissophylliim, 606 Melon Banana, 591; Beauty of Syon, 111; County Councillor, 151 ; Eirenald Gem, 591 ; ijero of Isl.iworth, 151 ; Royal Pi ince, 151 ; see -ling, 110 Melons and hot weither, lf'3 ; cank'r in, 50 ; craci- ing, 24 ; deterioration of, 240 ; g ow- ing, in giavel, 'uTO MesochliTna javaniea, 204 Metropolitan Public (hardens Association, 406 Metrosidercs floribundfi, 545 Microbes i-nd veget:ition. 116 Microlcpia cristata, 290 ; NoTM-Zelandiae, 290 ; platyphylla, 289 ; sc.abr.a, 290 ; tricho- fiticna, 2sy Microlepi.as, 289 Micromeriamontana, 281 Milium nigricans, 437 Mi tonia Candida, 348 ; Cloweti, 348 ;cuneata, 348 ; Joiccyana, 160 ; Peetcrsi, 348 ; Reg- ne'li, 133, 348 ; R. purpurei, 72 ; Sch-rede. i- ana, 227, 898 ; spectabilis, 348 ; s. Moreli- ana, 348 ; s. radic -ns, 348 ; vex-llaria Daisy Haywood, 109; v. rubcl'a, 499; W,artce- w'cz', 58 Miltonias, 348 Mi-tleto-, 6(4 5Iit aria coccinea, 43 Monarda didymi, St* ; d. alba, 188 Mraistera dc ici< sa, 323 Mcntbretia eroeosmiajflora flor3-p!eno, 150 : varieties if, 23) Montbretias, the, 114, 188 Morina Coultcri, 43'i, 600 ; longifo'ii, 436 M- nnodes lux.atum cburneum, 25 ; par- dinum, 303 Moth, the winter, 682 Mfund, a rocky, 124 ; a rockj/, 121 Mulbcrric", 635 Mi.irwin, 401 ; Rivers' Orange, for forcing, 525 Nectarines, 276 ; and Peaches, autumn treat- ment of, 419 ; falling, 91 Negundo fraxinifolium aurco-varicgatum. 341 Nelumbliim luteum, 44 ; apedosuin, 345 ; t. ytalHi-ntijttltl in N'lr Ji'nnf, 345 Nelumbiums, .508, 591 ; har3y, in England, 91 ; in America, 664 Nemesia floribundi, 280 ; strumoaa, 11, 38, 124 Nepenthes, 119 ; mixtfl, 313 Ncphrolepis, 371, 417 ; Barteri, 871, 675 ; B.ausei, 371, 417, 575 ; biaerrati, 333 ; cor- data comracta, 575 ; davallioides, 333 ; d. furcans, 675 ; tl. faicain, 332, 575 ; Duffi, 371, 576 ; ensifolia, 334 ; exaltata, 333, 334; falciformis, 334 ; hirsutula, 334, 575 ; pec- linata, 334; pluma, 871, 675; recurvata, 371; rufcscens tripinnatifida, 371, 575; tuberosa, 334 ; undulaia, 334, 675 Nerine coruscans, 179; crispa, 178; el- gans alba, 357 ; flexuosa, 179 ; Fothergilli, 179 ; MaoEelli, 179; saniieLsi', 179 Neriocs, 129, 228 Neviusia alabamensis, 2 ''4 New Zealand garden. Daffodils in a, 415 ; notes from a, 'z99, 414, 576 A'. ;/■ Zia/aii't, Pink- B.oom oJ\ 257 Newry, notes from, 198 Nicotiana atfinis, 916, 545 ; aflSnis hi Ireland, 512; colossca, 347 ; c. variegata, 61 Nolana .atriplieifolia, 300 Notes, American, 57 ; market garden, 13 Nothochla-na rufa, 417 Notospartiimi C;.amiich.aeliai, 57, 86, 257 ; CariiU'-hwlar, 257 Nuts, 49 Njmphsea Laydckerl fulgens, 297; L lilia- c«a, 297; L. rosea, 86; M>irliacca, 197; Mnrlmna curyi.a, iiirf of nut. sise. 682; M. ignea, 297 ; JI. rubra punctata, 297 ; odo- rata earoliniana, 293; o. gigantea, 216- Robinsoni, 297 ' Nympha-as, hardy, 607 ; tropical, 507 O. O.ak, the .Scarlet, in Sinrey, 604 Oaks, ,J.ap.ancse, 341 Oakwood, notes from, 529 Obituary — Ames, F. L., 338 Angus, A. K. , 594 Beale, H B.C., 384 Brownett, G., 360 Calthorpe, Lord, 40 Daniels, J., 524 Dixon, I., 624 Dodwell, E. S., 54-1 Dmper, W. Y , 384 Drummond. W C., fl5 Howard, W.', 547 Laxton, T., 152, 176 Low, H., 294 Parknian, F., 624 Thf iiison, W.. junr , 128 Waterer, J., 500 Wells, J , 670 Welsh, D , 524 Whittakcr, W., 20 October, flowers of, 388; leaves of, 364; ramble an, 392 . . , Odontodenia speciosa, 293 Odontoglossum Alexandra;, spotted forms of, 549 ; A. with branching spikes, 560 ; A. .losephina;, 590 ; cirrhosum, 531 ; Ed- wardi, 156; Galeotti.anum, 27; gr,ande 266 ; houses, 203 ; hybridum, 398 ; Insleayi splendens, 288, 398 ; mulus, 590 ; Phalse- nopsis, 28 ; Uro-Skinncri album, 304 Odontosoria tenuifolia, 20 CEnothera macrocarp.a, 44 ; marginata, 100 ; rosea, 591 O'c.ander.'thc, 120 Ole.aria Haasti, 93 ; Ha.asti as a hedge pl.ant, Oncidiura cucullatum, 498 ; curtum, 177 ; da-systyle, 132 ; Forbesi, 177, 398 ; Ga'd- neri, 127, 177 ; hetcranthum, 398; Jonesi- anum, 266, 520 ; Laicoanum, 7, 824, 530 ; IcHcocbilum, 72; lo.xense, 266; ornithor- rhynchum, 545; ph.vmatochilum, 324 ; pnl- vinatum, 138 ; pumilum, 2S ; nubigenum, 127 ; tigrinum, 433, 645 ; tigrinum gigan- teum, 614; triquetrum, 28; varicosum Rogersi, 465; voxillarium superbum, 28; Wh atleyanum, 227 ; zetirinum, 138 Oncidiums of tlie crispum group, 177 Onion fly, prevention of the, 225, 309 Onion m.aggot, prevention of, 379, 434 Onion A 1, 270 ; Vcitch's Main-crop, 226 Onions, 284 ; at Banbury, 294 ; largo, 379 ; mildew on, 308 ; ordinary v. exhibition, 226 Onosnia albo-rosoum, 231 ; tauricum, 47 Onychium japonieum, 20 Ophioglossum pendulum, 290 Orange, Edith, 569 Oranges in small pots, 600 ; Jaffa, 352 Orchards, the, 611 ; work in the, 610 Orchid, a charming, 615 ; the Shell, .592 Orchids and the p.ast hot summer, 590 ; at .autumn shows, 4i;5, 6-9; :it Chcltonh.am, 89 ; at East f-heon, 49S ; at Gunnersbury Park, 5^0 ; at Kew, 500 ; at Syon House, 433 ; from Cheltenham, 498 ; in flower at Bjwdcn House, 432; two interesting, 115 , work among, 12, 29, 64, 78, 122, 160, 584: 607 Orchis foliosa, 47, 281 Oi-nithoeephalu8 grandiflorus, 824 Osmanthus, 470 ; ilicifilius, 42J, 430 Ostrowskia magnifiea, 345, 433 Oswego Tea, the, 86 Ourisia coccinea, 315 j Ouvirandra fencstralis, 509 Oxalia lobata, 346, 424 ; Ortgiesi, 591 ; rosea, I 411 [ Oxydcndr^n arboreum, 193 Pa^onies, herbaceous, 592 Pilm, Doum, 460 ; Ita, 460; Palniyr-, the, 4liO P.alm LDi^s, the, 518 Palms, rare, and other fino-foliagcd pLants, 4' 0 ; unhealthy, 461 Pancratium spcciosum, 276 PandanuR javanicus variegatus, GOO ; Vt itelil unhealthy, 673 Panicum virgatum, 437 Pansy Bluebell, 154, 254 Pdnsiea, 216; a note on, 100; at Hillside, N.B., 293 ; at Wemyss Castle, 174; for market, 345 ; fr. m Chlrcside, 132 ; uot.s on, 847 Papaver glaucum, 146 Paiafl&n, 476 ; as an insecticido, 135 Parks, notts from the, 87, 175, 255 P.arrotia persica. 430 Parsley, Dwarf Perfection, 335 ; in spring, 568 Parsons' (.MTred) pictures, 116 Pa^siflora coerulea, 592 Paseion Plovers for deccratioD, 423; IoomUj an-aiiiiKf, 423 Path, grjss, ihe, 105 ; mossy, the, 105 ; rocky, the, 104 Pavia macrofitachya, 114 Pea, a purple podded, 26; Autocrat, 223; crop, til-', 5. 55 ; seedlii'g, a, V09 Pea, Everlasting, large form of, 85 ; white, the, 346 Pea, Sweet, Eliza Eckford, 109 ; Primroee, 337 ; The Belle, 109 Peas, 13 70; and mldcw, 108; early, 57, 565 ; early, sowins; in autumn, 463, 633 ; Evcrl sting, 132, 3.0; insects or, 40; l.ate, 12 ; mildewed, 134, 184 ; rapid gi-owth of, 308 ; seed, 604 ; tall, and mildew, 225 ; two crops of, 308 Pea», Sweet, 125 ; Eekfori's. 100 ; from Newry, 296 ; too many, 87 ; variety in, 99 Peach Amsden Jane, 581 ; Amsden Ju' e for open v alls, 503 ; buds dropitine, 497 ; Clara Mayer, 6; Duchts-i of York, 270; Exquisite, 252 ; Hale's Early, 131 ; fea Eagle, 273 ; Walburton A-mir.ble, 262 Peach wood, pruning and r.pening, 131 Peach tree, how to transplant, 399 Peach trees, autuinii jiruning of, 193 ; flowericg prematurely, 286 Pe ches, dropping. 168 ; and Strawberries, 201 ; and sunshine, 275 ; forcing, 502 ; in the open air, 302, 8J4, 409 ; late, 275 ; lifting, 242 Peaches and Nectarines, 12, 239 ; autumn treatment of, 419 ; retarding, 12 Pfar Beurr6 Foucqueray, 337, 358 ; Bcurr6 K.aocc, 44t'. ; Bcurre Superfin, 401 ; Catillac, 447 ; Clapp's Favourite, 525 ; Doyenne du Comice, 400 ; GIou Moroeau, 579 ; Jar- gonelle, 91 ; Josephine de Malioes, 602, 626, 570, 581 ; Louise B nne of Jersey, 318 ; Marie Louise in Kildare, 340 ; Pitmaston Duchess, 340 ; Pitmaston Duche's as a stand.ard, 273 ; Souvenir du Congr&s, 401 ; Thompson's, 401 ; Triuinphe dc Jodoigno, .504 ; Van Mons Leon I eclcrc, 399 ; ■n'illiams' Bon Chriitien, 49, 318 ; Winter Nelis, 521, 679 Pear trees, renovating, 306 ; wall, 370 Pears. 439 ; and the drought, 91 ; early, qua'ity in, 317 ; efftct of heat on, 407 ; flavour in, 452 ; gathering, 167, 306 ; lecture on, 368 ; monstrous, 409 ; notes on, 446, 453 ; notes on cordon, 681 ; sccond-nite, a jilea for, 408; stewing, 680 ; too early, 113 Pelargonium Ardens, 42 ; capitatum, 48 ; Dou- ble New Life, 454 ; F- P. Raspail Improved, 5'9; Mons. Ponicr, 144; Sirs, W. P. Wright, 256 Pelargonium house, the, 402, 459 Pelargoniums at Sw-tnley, 329 ; distinct, 423 ; Ivy-le.aved, 14; show aud regal, 42, 119; sweet scentc-l, '256, 3-23, .598 ; zonal, 602; zonal, at Chiswick, 153 Pelitaa eamea, 519 Pentstemon barbatus, 390 ;b. cocclnens, 228 ; b. Torrcvi, 100 ; Clcvelandi, 221 Pciitstemons, 187, 197, 293, 390 Pcperoiiiia argj rea, 602 Pcristeria data, 521 Perlstrophc sjieciosa, 521 Pernettya mucronats, 410 Pescatorea Klabochorum, 58 Petroleum as an insecticide, 72 Petunias acd white Sn.af dragon, 367 Jan, 6, 1894.] THE GARDEN INDEX IX PhaiHs, 137 ; Cookaoni, 137 ; gMiuiifuliiis, 137 ; llmnliloti. 137 : in;>eul:ituB, 13^, 137 ; Suiidgriimus, r.? ; Walliclii, 137 Phuliomipsis KsiiicmMi, iS, .'.iO ; t'rnii'iiflora, l!7, 2SS ; M;irio, 38 ; Stilirlilliil, 127 Philcsiu Inixifulifl, 2S1 Phillyrois, the, 552 Phloi, a good hcrbacimis, lU ; Etna, 150 ; MoMuro, 270 Phloxes, herb.acco'js, at Broxtounio, 215 ; notes on 125 Pho'uix nipii'ola, 532 Pholi,iolft cntK-lKiliea, 502 Phrvniuni Tarioiralinii, 0'i2 PlivllocvictiH J. T. Peacock, 38 rhyllocai'tuses, 84 rhylluclailua rhomboidalis, 470 Ph>lloxer>, 2, 621 Physalis Alkikongi, 304 J^lii/tfumit comoninn. 554 Picotoo Lottii Kirlow, 115 Pilea m'jscosa as a boddlng plant, 372 Pilumna nobilis, 30S, 613 Pinc-applo, the variegate!, 1501 Pines, 238, 373 ; late summer in the, 366 ; two mro, 303 : useless and ug'y, 551 Pinetum, the true, (504 Pink Ernest I adhams, 222, 270, 296 ; White Snowtlakc, 15 Pinks, fon ing, 216 ; garden. 11,^16 Pinus leucoltrmis, 471; nobilis unhealthy, 250 Pistia stnitiotes, 509 Pitch! r Plants, 119 Plagianthus L^mponi, 20 ; LyJli, 25 ; pul- ohcllus, 20 Plant houses, IS, 30, 64, 78, 122, 167, 661, 685, O08 ; and pits, fumigiting, 440 Plant tying, 514 Plants, a useful protestor for. 500 ; Born .an fetisii, 600 : cultivated, selecti ,n of races of, 234; from Ameri a. 531; greenhouse, 13; Loredity in, what it is. 234 ; nam s of, IS ; n' tea on hardy, 47, 602, 505 ; j reparlr g, for Christmas, 400; thiee gooi »inter- fioweringye'low, 6 2; winter-flowering, in pots, i30 Plantains on liwns, .504 Platycerlum slcico'n**, 57fi ; grjn'e, 576; stemm,ria, 57 5; Williacki, 576 PUtyceratms, 576 PUtycodon grand:florjm, S6 ; g. Mari si, 345 Platyloma rofcur.difo'ia, 68 VI ion'^ birmini 'f, 545 ; m'-culata alba, 474 , Walllcbiana, 530 PlM-f,ma ma, ran' hum, 120 Plum, a good late, 581 ; Che ry, in f nit, and as a hedge plant, 133 ; Coc's Golden Drop, 401; Grind Duke, 371; 0 untiuije, 193; Jeflerson s, under gla=s, 3 ; MeLaughlia's Gage, 371 ; Rive.b' Golden Transpjirent G.agc, 270 ; tha Wyedale, 5S1 Phuns, best, the 193 : for market, 400 ; Gage, an 1 hot weather, 202 ; on north walls, 240 Plvimbago capenf is, 380, 444 ; c^pl•nsis, 380 ; c. and e. alba, 270 ; c. for bedding, 86, 197 ; e in the open, 400 ; L.arpenta!, 254, 337, 364, 366, 492 ; rosea, 545 Plume ia lutea, 42, 260, 290 Poinsettia, double, 531 ; white, tVe, 531 Poinsettias, 510 ; well grown, 518 Polemo'. ium humile, 436 PolygaU Chamajbususpurpu'ca, 505 Polyonum cu.spidatum, 174 Polnjmlhimdriiopterk, 289; Meyeni.ammi, 523 ; niifrfAcing, 505 Polypodi ms, 505 Pomegrrnate, dw.arf. in flower, 276 Pontederia cordata, 5 S ; crassipos, 501 Poppy, Californian, the, 204 ; Himalayan, the blue, 16 Popvdus van Geerti, 471 Portvi'ac.as, the, 22S lotato irop, the. 157 Potato disease, the, 1S4 Potato seed, whole or cut, 487 Potato Triumph. 270 ; Wind -or C.as'le, 270 Potatoes, 55 ; and the drought, 283 ; oirlr, 66 ; forced, OOO ; gnibs in, 250 ; in pot's, 536 ; lifting, 262 ; making a second growth, 1C8 : seed, 532 ; seed, preparation of, 472 ; seed, storing, 533; seed, treitmc'it of, 284 Potentil'a fruficos', 226; nitida, 38 Poiris Cmtli, Wilihimnl. 321 Primroses, double, at Briwh'on, 443 Primula eapitata, 505 ; Korfcesi, 474, 512, 552, 596; imptrialis, 48: obconica, 147, 327; Pois'oni, 197 ; Heidi, 145 ; rosea, 1,S7; Rusbyi, 251; Sieboldi, 282; the double Ch'neso, 601 Prionium p-altnita, 460 Protist, a, 391 Pruning, shall we lop or th'n V 401, 428 Pseudolarix Kasropferi, 393 Psomiocari a apiifolia, 200 Ptelca trifoliata surea, 9i Pteris ergyrea, 1S2 ; erotica .albo-Iine\ta, 182; nemoralis v.ariegata, 1S2 ; trie lor, 1S2 ; Victoria;, 182 Pterocarya caucasica, 207 PlUtLK' P.\RKS AND GahDENS— Alexandra Palace, tho, 203 Brockwell Park, 112 13u-hy Park. Ham iton Cour'-, 544 liuxtou, A. I'"., gift of, 504 Clirysanthcmunis in tho parks, 478 Cliurcliy.ards as open spaces, 128 Clerkenwell. open fpa^c at, 427 College Park at D\iblin, 544 Embankment, propo-ed extension of, 514 Kulham. open spice for, 016 Lee, recreation grouni for, 128 Lincoln's Inn Gardens, 88, 112 Open space, 04, 112, 694 Paddington recreation ground, 64, 112 Kam-gate, public prk af, 203 Ravcii-rcourt Park, 112 St. Luke's, another open fpaeo for, 504 St. Mary's Fields, Kilburn, 11 J Shoreditch, open spa-o for, 88, 203 Stocktm Park, 3S4 Towor walk, the, 128 Watc-rlow Park improving. 594 West Ha-xistead, recreation ground for, 544 Pulmona'iadabnriei, 520, 570 ; sacchar.ata, 45 Pyrcthrum uligin' s\im, 346 ; uliginosum aerotinum, 340 Pyru.s malus florib';nda, 540 Q. Quercus acuta, 34'! ; amcricana Bplcndons, 357 ; otispula, 342 ; cuspid ata, 342 ; dentata, 341 ; gilva, 342 ; glandiilifcra, 842 ; glauca, 342 ; scrrata, 342 ; ^.ariabilia, 342 B. Radishes, late-sown, 308 linmondia jn/nnatca, 555 Raspberry Norwich Wonder, 501 ; Superla- tive for late fruit, 102 Raspberries, 74 ; an October gathering of, 410 ; in Norfolk, 503 ; late crop of, 408 ; planting, 440 R,-creation grounds scheme, 250 Reinwardtia totragyna, 409 Renanthera matutina, 92 Reseda glauca, 140 Rhap-s fiibelliformis, 4S5 Rhcxia virginica, 282, 388 Bliodochiton volubil^, 8 Rhododendron Aucklandi, 03; ArcUimdi in the (jarthns at Upaitt Jlniinr, Bartt- stapte, 93; Coitntiss of JlaildiniJton, 443; Falcone-i at Dorking, 133; Fah-oiurl, trnits of 133 ; gloxiniiKflorum, 300 ; ijloiinitp- rfoVuuia! Whitiiran, CUlutlugh, D, ron, 309; 'Kejm, 559; midtknlor John Ilrnl, 402; retusum. 40", 459 Rhododendrons, greenhonse.443;Ilimal.ayan, 41 ■ hybrid, 545 ; in Ireland, 558 ; in small pots, 454; Java, 402, 4S4 ; piopagatirg J.avanese, 42 ... , „-„ Rhubarb, forcing, 463 ; Pnnce Albert, 0.9 Rhubarbs, prickly, the, 411 Richardia athiopica, 340 ; Elliottiana, 43, 340 Rirhivs zunzihanns/if, 563 Riverside improvement, a, 40i5 Robinia p-evidacacia angustifoha, 341 ; sem- perflorins, 03 , „ , Robiniai and the dry weather, 341 Roehea fiilcata, ISO HoH; a elift in "", 80 Rock garden, the, 81, 1C4, 160, 134, 2 9, 654 ; aUine, choice, plants on elevated level spots, 230 ; bridges in, 1S5 ; caverns in, 81 ; eraiiiptti of rustic In-idtje wadc's Ho'iae, Clontarf, Co. Dublin, 18 bt. Catherine's Court, 599 St. Cathn-ine's Conrt, near Both, 599 Salix amplexicaolis, 510 Salpi^lossis grandifiora, 218 Salsify, cool storaeo for, 4S7 ; Kammoth, Sandwich Island, 150 Sal ii azm-ea, 401 ; cacaliaifolia, 40 ; leucan- tha, 545 ; splendens outdoors, 467 ; s , va- rieties of, 532 ; s. var. compicta, 323, 382, 469 Salvinii nalans, 509 Sambucus canadensis filicifolia, 94 ; race- mesa serratifolii, 38 Sandtrsoni* argentea, 42 Sandirort, Balearic, the, 512; moimtaip, the, 512 Saxifr.aga Ftrtimei, 410 ; Mcrtensi.ana, 430, .500, 602 ; odontophylla, 09 ; virgiuiensi.s, 99 Saxifrag", a variegated, 603 Saxony, roadside trees in, 48 S;abiosa ochroleuca, 47 Scbizocodon aoldanclkidcs, 418 Scbizostylis coccinea, 308, 410, 615 Schubertia grandiSor', 43 Scilla amerna, 304; bifnlla, 304; cauipanu- lata in the wild gard,n, 304; hisp.nica, 305; italica, 305; nnlans, 305; sibirica, 305 Scillas, tho, 304 Scotland, fiost and fiowers in, 469 .Scutellatia Mocciniana, 44 Sea Buckthorn, the, 302 Sea HolllO', 09 Seakalo crowns, th'nning and feeding, lOD ; cuttings of, 530 Season, i^jtes of tlio, 71 ; peculiarities of, 70 ; the early, 38 ; tho past dry, 615 Sedum B * crai, 197 Seed catalogues, 18 Selaginella lasvigata, 200 Senecio manrophyllus, 15, 621 ; pu'cher, 200 Service, or Edible Cliefjuer, 530 Setaria macrochjRta, 437 Shed, iron spouting to garden, 318 Sheds, iron roofing inr, 470. 570 Shrubs .and the dri,ugh(-, 20(5 ; for forcing, 2t8 ; leguminous, in bio ,m. 57 .Sibthoriiia euro]>;ea variegata, 144 Silcne a;auli8alba, 345 ; Argo>, 146 ; quadri- dentata, 140 Siphocampylus botulasfol'.u^', 615 ; Hum- boldtianus, 402 S^immia oblata Foremani, 545 Skimmias, 420 Snow Wreath, Alabama, 204 Sobralia macrantha PrinceFs May, 7 ; San- derae, 15(5 ; xantholeuca, 128 Sobraliis from Cheshire, 138 SociETlFS AND Exhibitions — Auricula and Primula, the, 427 Crystal Palace Chrysanthemum show, 447 Earl's C,,urt, Rose show at, 10 Gardeners' Orphan Fund, 128, 34i, 428, 52 1 G rdeners' Royal Benevolent Institution, 17, 560 Gardening and Forestry, 63, 111, 161, 100, 200, 316, 300 ; Carnati ns at. 111 ; Dahlia show, 271 ; hardy flowers at, 111 Manchester, Rose show at, 64 Nation.al Carnation and Picotee, 62, 427 National Chrysanthemum, 110, 248, 316. 359, 384, 405, 427, 448. 490, 643, 669 Nati jnal Co-opcr.itive. 199 National D.ahlia .Society, annu.al show, 247 National Rose show, 39, 59, 128, 152, 176, 500 ; catalogue of, 112 Royal Horticultural, 88, 100, 128, 1.50. 221, 313, 357, 403, 474, 499, 522, 507 ; Agricul tural Hall show, 200; Chiswick sh.iw, 61 ; horticultural buildings, 4;c., display of, 219 • United Horticultural Benefit and Provi. dent, 296, 360 Soils, damp, Rose roots in, 613 ; improving, 63'i Solanum capsicastrum from seed, 574 ; cris- pum,76; Fontemcsianuro , 207; Jacquini, 228 ; jasminoides, 405 ; geaforthianum, 02 ; Wendlandi, 86 Solanums planted out, 239 ; two beautiful, 424 Solidago c.aUfomica, 492 ; nemoralis pros- trate, 430 ; serotina, 107 Sonerila maculate, 521 Sophronitis granelBora, 499 ; mUitar's, 500 ; viohicea, (514 Sorbus aria laciniata, 94 ; a. lutcseens, 93 Sorghum halepense, 347 Sorrel Tree, the, 198 Sparaxis pidcherrima, 281 Spartium juneeum, 6 ; junceiem, 57 Spatt oglottis, 409 ; Forlunei, 288 Sphenogyne epociosa, 281 ; speciota, 217 Spinach, winter, 107 Spider, red, 212 Spigelia mai ilandica, 44, 493 Spinach for winter .and spring, 1S3 ; in ex- posed positions, 505 Spir.a!! Anthony Watercr, 44, IfO ; gigantea by the water-side, SO ; palmata, 145 ; p-al- mata for pots, 001 ; p. alba, 145 Spineas, shrobby, in clumrs, 212 Spiranthes Riamanzov'ana, 2'24, 2.50 Squill, early, the, 304; Italian, tho, 305 Siberi.an, the, 305 ; Spanish, the, 305 Squills, the, 304 Stachys cor.sica, 281 ; tuberifcra, 587 Stages, creosote for, 504 StangeriaEchizodon, 4*0 Stanhopea oburnea, 127; Lowi, 474; platy- ccraa, 127, 260, 324; £ huttlcworthi, 127 tigrina, 127 Stenbopcaa, 127 Staticc pulierula, 490 Stcnogl.ittis longifolii, 288 Stephandra licxuosa, 169 Sternbcrgia hitea, 40a, 4 0 ; Intea, 305 Btiginaphyllon eiliatnm, 25/ StobiKi purjiurea, 254 Stock s, Ea- 1 LotUan, 254, 326 ; Intormodiatf , 1.53 Stokes'a cyanca, 345 Storm, terrific, 80 Straff,(n, Co. Kildare, ia winter, 510 Strawbcrr; bank, ma- ing, :i03 Strawberry lels, miking new, 2 ; manuring, 407 THE GARDEN INDEX [Jan. 6, 1894. Strawberry plants for e rly Ur iug, 415; prop igft ion uf. 31S ; young v. oW, 75 Etrawoerry ninners, scarcity of, 51 Ptrwbcrry scibod, tlie, ^1 Strawberry Cr msou guecn, 3S ; Empress of India, 5u3 ; Gunton Park, 17, .''»Ci3; Jubilc, 25; L xtOD's Coajpotitor, 317; Lord Suf- field, 503 ; Uoyal fcuve.cigD, 114; Stirling C*istlo. 3. 501 Btrjwberries, 73, 114 ; a lonif succession of, 12".> ; aLd iVi-hcs, liOl ; c rly, 453 ; for ntxt yebr. 2)2 ; good dry wc .ther. 3, ^l ; grow- ing of, 1 ; la tbe oi)cn jfi-ouml, 130 ; in the norto, 73 ; in tVick beds, 51 ; late, 50 : new, three good. 503; on light l»nd, lli4; on vjrinus foils, 113; pot, planting out, 1)0; top-dressing, 317 Streamlet-, dried up, the, 104 Streptocarpus amplesifolius, .S5 StrepNuarpusep, 11:2 ; at (_'helsea, 444 btrobilauthes Dvirimus, 92 ; isophyllus, 50:3 Stua-tifc virginica, 206 Bummer, Uie, In tae Pines, TOti ; fast, tte, 35-j Summer flowers, some good, 100 Suutli'Wtr*, a new break in, 34^; giant, 34i> ; perennial. In the (.'hiswick Gardens, 176 Sweet Bay, the, ia Scotland, S51 Swett Brieis, ll'j Sweat Sultan, 04 Sv'Unhnm If»vu, North De, 422 Turnips, white, -^86; white c. yellow, 5 "5 Tydwa Marquis de Guadiuro, 424 XJ. Urccoebaris Clibrani, 459, 518 ; C/ib ani, 450 Ursinia pidchra, 217 ; pu chra, 217 V. Vaccinium pennsylvanieum, 4S0 \'allisneria spiralis. ISO Vallota purpurea. 430 Vanda Amesiana, 156; cterulea, 19S, 550; Hookeriana. 72; Kimballiana, 156, 398; lamellata lioxalli, 398 ; Sanderiata, 197, 2S8 ; ti icolor, 58 V.andas, two cool houf e, 150 Variety, desirable, Si73 VegctaVilc crops, state of the, 472 Vegetable cult re, economic, 433 Vegetable Marrows tutsido, 486 Vegetibles as grown, J39 ; at tl-o Quintn, Chirk, 334 ; eoaise, 308. 378, 487 ; flavour in, 53 ; for next sjiring, 70 ; on heavy soils, 307 ; protecting, from frost, 285, 613 Venus" Looking-gla's, 281 Vcrbascum olympicum, 47, 14i; o. not the best, 98 ; phlomoides, 144 Verbena Melindrea, 145 ; Sea Foam, 591 ; vcnosa, 131, 437, 469 Vurbcnas, Auricula-eyed, 1£S ; seoiling, 174 Veroni(ta Ander^oni variegata, 426, 5i;l ; trispifoMa, *54; cupressoides 1*9 ; epa- cride», 492; Hoctori, 231, 436; Jardin Fleuri, 462, 540; loganoides, 436; Koine dcs Blanches, 377 Veronicas, 574 ; shrubby, 337 Vcrschaffeltia spleiidida, 460 Viburnum ilicutuni, 542 Viburnvuns, the Japan, 57 Victoria Regina, 507 Vine borderi", 452; fih heids for, 502; piotecting, 4 forms of our native, 16, 45 Water Li ics, hardy, 153, 215; native, 188; new, f n m M. Latour-Marliac, 132; now hardv, 297, 582 Water plant, a fine, 204 Watsonia coccinea, 165 ; dens'flora, 165 ; iiidl- folia, 165 ; irhlijoiia alhn, 165 ; marginata, 165 ; Meriani, 164 ; plantaginca, 165 ; rosea, 165 Watsonias, the 131, 164 Wax-flower, 180 Weather, hot, and the vegetable supply, 3 Weather, the, in West Herts, 18. 3;», 6», 128, 176, 294, 316, 338, 360, 382, 40G, 428, 497, 521, 545, 5111, 615 Weeds, 471 ; deilroying. on lawns, 524 Weitela Eva Rathke, 221, 258 Wi d flowers, American, a sketch of, 217 Windflower, sky-blue, tbe, 84 Wineberrj', the great Japanese, 591 Winter Cherry, the, 3tU Winter greens, 101, 308 Winter, Tomatoes for, 26 Wistaria at The Larches, Eaft Gi-nstead, 7 ; part of f'nn-r cnrn-nl iriih, 341 ; sinensis, 93, 182; 'saunsiisat Th> Lnrchrx, East Griiutaui, 7 ; sinensis, second blooming of, 257 ; the, in Jersey. 341 ; In /- ■ «. >/, 341 Witscnia mrvmbusa, 323 Won.Uiiiaoliifl. 204 Wre:itha and crossfs, 391 Y. Yucca gU riosi varicgata. 454 Yuccas, two good, 86 Z. Zauschneria californica, 176, 29.', 305, 337, 364 Zephyrantbcs candida, 228 ; rarinata, 42 Zinnias, 364, 366 ; from Surrey, 197 Zizsnia aqu^tica, 509 Zygopet^Uum Bu-kei, 530 ; G.-utieri, 49 IH ■HB 1 "^ -U'— l-l-::i_f; ■'-'"'*■■'''' ■- -''f^imlMi m ^H i ^^^^^m PS( ^^^ i ■H^' BhajMH|B^ m ■■:;.....,. ■ -t^f£M Jl'LY I, 1S9:^.' (•"5^' -.■ ,.ii^.''>'\ ■'■-■' ^■^''^' VOL. XLIV. Orchard AND Fruit Garden. GROWING STRAWBERRIES. Under this heading (on page 50G) Mr. Porch gives his experience with a quarter-acre plot of Strawberries, grown with a view to testing the expediency or otherwise of cultivating this popular fruit on a much larger scale in the future, and, further, asks for information as to the best methods of disposing of the fruit after it is grown. As I happen to be fairly familiar with the county in which Mr. Porcli is located, and have also gained what may safely be con- sidered reliable knowledge in the matter of growing Strawberries for the markets, I will give my experience in the hope it will be of some service to that gentleman as well as other readers of The G.vrden who may stand in need of advice. All things considered, Mr. Porch succeeded fairly well, but very probably he would have done even better had he ex- pended about £1 or rather more on rough or fresh strawy manure, this being applied in the form of a mulch not later than April. The Glastonbury soil must be of an even more re- tentive nature than ours in this part of Somer- set, as it is very certain that if we had not both mulched and watered the breadths of Noble in these gardens, the crops would have been a failure. Then, again, if the season had been a wet one, or say only a few very heavy showers had fallen, the fruit, where no strawy mu'oh was not placed about the plants, must have been badly splashed and practically spoilt for market. I shall also be greatly mistaken if the unmulched plants do not fail to produce runners freely, rid spider also being, probably enough, troublesome, and without a good supply of early, well-rooted young plants, how are the requisite new additions to be made cheaply I Mr. Porch did well in tfa ting with Noble, this variety succeeding better the first season after planting — it was very late planting in his case— than any other sort that I have had any experience with. It is also very early and of attractive appearance, though not a good travel- ler. Supposing a good-sized field with a slope to the south is available, then it might be pos- sible to compete with the growers in the neigh- bourhood of Southampton, who are among the first to consign Strawberries in quantity to Oovent Garden and other markets. In this case Noble might well be extensively planted, or, say, to the extent of four acres or more, but, as it happens, May It was not particularly early this year, being probably a week behind the Hampshire and Cornish growers' dates of commencing to gather Strawberries in quantity. This being so, Mr. Porch would not have ob- tained high prices at Covent Garden, though he ought to have done better nearer home. Per- sonally I am of opinion that Mr. Porch as well as many other beginners in the direction of grow- ing soft fruits for marketing will do well to let Covent Garden alone, preferring to cater for the wants of towns within easy reach of their fruit grounds. The former is very well supplied with quickly perishable fruit, but this cannot be said c-f the majority of provincial towns. Instead, therefore, of relying exclusively upon Noble, and which no one considers of the best quality, therefore not in demand when better fruit can be had, a succession should be provided for. Sir J. Paxton is the market grower's most reliable second early variety, as it does well nearly everywhere, the fruit being large, of good form, very firm, and richly flavoured. President succeeds this, and being a tremendous cropper as well as good in other respects, it will be some time before it is wholly ousted by newer varieties. Both Sir G. Napier and British Queen, where they thrive, are grand varieties for market, and the old Eleanor or Oxonian is yet one of the best for the latest crop. Alice Maud seems to be going out of cultivation, but if Mr. Porch and other beginners can procure it true I should advise them to give it a good trial. It is a second early variety and most reliable. All the varie- ties named can be bought cheaply, or at any rate are anything but new in cultivation, but were I to commence Strawberry cultivation on a large scale a trial would be given most of the newer varieties as they came out. If they proved superior to older forms, then they would be grown to the exclusion of the latter, but if they failed to surpass those that had previously done good service, then the rubbish- heap would be their destination. Now a few remarks as to the best methods of packing the produce. Mr. Porch asks if it will pay to pack each fruit (meaning those extra fine and early) in leaves and boxes, when you can gather 50 lb. a day and ui)wards from the open ground. He failed to .state whether his trial consignments were thus packed or not, but should say they were not so well packed as that, or the price would have been near Is. (id. per lb. instead of !td., and that, too, at Bristol, and I should think WcHs. Instead, however, of taking so much trouble with the packing, and which may or may not bring its own reward — for it is all a lottery — the better plan in most cases would be to pack in shallow punnets, fit- ting these, in their turn, closely together in light fiat boxe?. For fine early fruit of Noble the punnets that will hold about 1 lb. of fruit in a single layer are the bs-^t, these being lightly padded with dry Moss or wood-wool covered with It-aves and laid together or even enclosed singly in these. Then paper them over, tying this to the punnets with a strip of rattia, and pack tightly in a single layer in a shallow box with a latticed lid. Tho railway officials, when they know what they are handling, are not so reckless as often con- sidered, and that is why I recommend the lat- ticed lid. These early fruits ought to realise, and would have done this season, not less than Is. 3d. per lb., plenty being retailed at 2.s. per lb., the prices gradually falling to !M. I am of opinion that fine or selected fruit of Sir J. Paxton or other varieties might also bo packed in shallow 1-lb. punnets with advantage to the sender, such retailing readily at Is. or rather more per lb. As it happens, the bulk are packed in deep 1-lb. punnets, and these not being filled above the level of the rims, two layers, of either one dozen or two dozen, can be packed in boxes made to hold these numbers respectively. Shallow baskets are al?o largely used for sending Strawberries in, but I would strongly commend the Bath practice of packing Strawberries, when plentiful, in fiat punnets or very cheap chili baskets with moxable handles. These are sold just as received by the fruiterers and this is better in every way than handling the fruit. The same advantage attends the use of smaller punnets, and, besides, Strawber- ries travel badly in masses. There are times when Strawberries sell badly, and, in anticipa- tion of this, arrangements should either be made for making fruit that will not sell readily for dessert into jam, or else there ought to be an understanding with someone to take all surplus fruit for a similar purpose. Mr. Porch ought to find a ready market for his fruit at Bristol, Bridgwater, Weston- super-Mare, Yeovil, Wells, and other local towns, and I doubt if Glastonbury and Street are any too well .supplied. In each and every ca.se arrangements should be made beforehand with fruiterers in the different towns to take the fruit when fit, and he and others similarly situated ought to claim to be able to send everywhere by rail at traders' rates. The difference between the latter and the ordinary THE GARDEN. [July 1, 1893. charges is very considerable, and unless the more favourable terms are conceded, Strawberry i^rowers on either n large or small scale are bully handicapped. In any case, Strawberries should as much as possible be sold locally when the prices are falling below od. per pound. Tha quotations of Covent Garden prices in the difterent papers, if not always absolutely correct, are as nearly so as the compilers can mike them. To a certain extent they are misleading to inexperienced consigners, who have to learn that the lluctuations are in some cases very marked in a single morning, or far more so than the quotations denote. The latter are a fair average, but do not hold good a day after they are compiled. They show what has taken place, not what the prices will be sub- sequent to publication. Consigners ought always to be in touch with leading fruiterers and salesmen, and should arrange to have daily or frequent returns or notifications of the prices realised — W. Iccilhes. Replying to Mr. Porch's questions seriatim, I may at once say that it will never pay to pack Strawberries from the open ground in small boxes. This form of packing is only practised in private gardens, or with forced or imported fruit sent from a long distance to the London markets. Some growers in the south-west of England send their fruit in this way to market, but they would not do so were it not for the risk involved in so long a j rjrney. With forced fruit it is necessary to pack in a way that will ensure its coming into the sales- man's hands without blemish ; but there is no need t) be so careful in the case of outdoor fruit. Where if is a question of sending off several hundred pounds of fruit every morning, the laoour involved in packing the berries in leaves and the cost of boxes would be so great as to run away with the profits. The prime fruit is all sent in pound pun- nets, and various methods of packing these are employed. Ttie boxes in which Oranges are im- ported are much used, they being roomy, light and hufliciently strong. The bottom of the box is filled with punnets, another layer being stood on them anglewise, so that there is not much pressure on the fruit. The box is filled in this way and covered with green Bracken or anything of a like nature that will tend to keep the fruit cool and fresh in transit. Baskets, such as Peas are imported in, are also good for the purpose, especially for the earlier gatherings, as, being smaller, there is less danger of the berries being injured. Any Covent Garden salesman will send these bas- kets at request, the custom being to charge Is. each for them, this being returned when they again come into the salesman's hands. The area fjiven up to Strawberries has of late increased so much and prices come down to such a low level, that a great bulk of fruit has to be put on the London markets in an even simpler manner than that above described. In a favourable year the output from the Strawberry farms is so great, that only the very finest fruit will make enough to warrant the expense of putting it into punnets. The price for prime sainplcs will then often drop to 2i. (VI. p'r 12 lbs, so that second fruit has to ba dealt with in a different manner. For this in- ferior fruit hdfpeck and peck baskets are used, thiis lessening the labour of packing. .Vn enormous balk of fruit is disposed of in this way at prices which would have struck terror into the hearts of Strawberry growers twenty years ago. Many London people never think of baying Strawberries nntil they can get them at 2d. per lb. The Ij )ndon .Strawberry season culminates in the " smashers' week," when prices come down to their lowest point, and the "smasher.-,' or ja-u manufac- turers, buy what fruit they w.int As regards send- ing the fruit to Covent G.irden salesmen, there is no other way of disposing of any bulk of prime frnir, except by making arrangements with men of a like desc'iption in some of the large northern towns. I have been fold by those who ought to know that prices run somewhat higher in Man- chester and IMrmingham than in Ijondon, probably bec:uise the markets are not so liable to be glutted as is frequently the case in Covent Garden. I do know that some of the southern growers make a point of sending some of their produce to the north, and much of what is consigned to the Ijondon markets never reaches the sales- men, there being loads of fruit coming up by road which are diverted from their original destina- tion and go on to one of the northern lines. It is certainly in the interest of a grower to put his fruit directly on to the northern markets than to let it pass first through a London salesman's hands, who naturally gets a picking out of it and lowers the grower's returns. In the case of large quanti- ties of preserving fruit for the same reason it is preferable to make a contract with some jam manufacturer, who, as a rule, prefers to get his fruit direct from the grower than to buy in the London market. The prices as quoted in the London dailies I have found fairly reliable. The wholesale prices are certainly given much more accurately now than I have ever known to be the case. The weight of fruit, 220 lbs. from 28(i plants, partly last season's runners, with no manur- ing and in such a trying season as the present, I should consider very satisfactory. Noble is, how- ever, a heavy cropper, yielding more abundantly than the largely grown Sir J. Paxton. So far from considering '.)d. per lb. a poor price, I should think it a good one nowa-dajs. Our large market growers would think themselves fortunate in get- ting an average return of Od. per lb. Even in the favoured Hampshire grounds, where picking com- mences three weeks earlier than in the home countie?, the price in an abundant year will come down to 2id. per lb. To have made not less than (id. per lb., Mr. Porch's fruit must have been very good, a proof, I should say, that the soil is just the thing for Strawberries. This, indeed, is the main point that has to ba considered in connection with profitable Strawberry culture. If the soil is not naturally favourable, no amount of labour will make it so, and a man will only lose money on it. This can only be proved by experiments conducted through a period of several years. There is little ditfioulty in getting Strawberry runners to grow into good plants. That can be done in most soils, but it is not so easy to keep them vigorous and suth- ciently productive over the second and third year to recoup the owner for labour of planting and loss of space, as the year following planting the crop taken from the ground will no more than pay expenses, the second year being the crop that should recoup the grower for his outlay and yield him a fair surplus, and the third season he ought to be able to count on a fair crop. Where the soil is not suitable the third crop will generally be more or less of a failure, and thus the grower's profits are much reduced ; in fact, I much doubt if biennial planting would yield any profit. Many who have embarked in Strawberry culture have found this out to their cost. It is certainly an early district where picking commenced this year on May 11, being about a week later than the early Hampshire lands, where gathering in this phenomenally precocious season began in the first week of May, a week before the earlier Kentisli grounds, and from a fortnight to three weeks in advance of the main crops in the home counties. —J. C. B. The Phylloxera.— 'We learn that the I'byl- losera has appeareJ in tho vineyitrJs of the province of Trapani (Sicily), in which Marsala is situated. Tlrs is the only province of th'* islaud which has hitherto hepu exempt from the visitation. The dis- tricts where the di.soase has been discovered are Alcamo and Pavtinico. A Government commis--i "tn has been de-patched to the spot to comh.it the scourge. The Apple crop will be very irregular and light. In grass orchards especially large cpiantities of .\pple8 have dropped during the past few weeks, and they still continue to drop, the ground under those trees which set a heavy crop being thickly strewn with fruit of all sizes up to half-grown samples. Very many trees failed to set any fru't at all, though the show of blossom was promising both in numbers and size of bloom, but the re- markably dry weather spoiled their chances of swelling. Trees on ground kept clean, and with no under-cropping, form a fine object lesson on the advisability of lettirg the trees have the full benefit of the soil they grow in. The growth of such trees, though rank in some seasons, is just of the right description now, while that on orchard trees is meagre and does not yet promise well for another year, though there is yet time for improve- ment, and the genial rains of the past day or two will help them, if more follow soon. Summer pruning will be worse than useless on light soiU this year. —J. C. T.M.L.VCK. Cherry Haf.ve de Prin.— Last year in th3 nurseries of M. Maquerlot at Fismes (Marne) we met with a very fine Cherry, known in that district as the Cerise Hdtive de Prin, and so named from the hamlet of Prin, in the commune of Seizy- Maupas. It is excellent in (juality and valuable for its earliness, while its handsome appearance has caused it to be so much thought of, that i^^ always commands the highest price in the market at Kheims. Except in some localities in Cham- pagne, thi^ variety of Cherry is so little grown that it may almost be considered a novelty, and yet we imagine that we came across it again latel at Anizy, near Soissons, where we were informe^ that it is very highly esteemed throughout the en tire district under the name of Cerise de Saint-- Mcdard. It remains, however, to be proved whether it is the same variety which is known by these two names. As there were no leaves on the trees at the time of our visit to Anizy, we could not determine the point satisfactorily. The trees which we saw at M. Maquerlot's were of very vigorous growth, with bark of a glaucescent brownish red colour. The full grown leaves were of a deep green colour, and had stalks about three- quarters of an inch long, the limb or blade of the leaf being about 4 inches long and 2 inches across, oval, abruptly acuminate, and margined with large, obtu-e, unequal teeth. Flowers mostly in clusters of four, white. Fruit shaped like that of the Cerise de Montmorency, i.e., a depres.sed sphe- roid about an inch in transverse and about three- quarters of an inch in vertical diameter, and of a uniform deep cherry-red colour ; flesh of a deep pink colour, juicy, full flavoured, sweet and acidu- lous combined. We cannot say that this fine Cherry is certain to exhibit everywhere else the same high qualities for which it is distinguished in its native district of Champagne, but we should earnestly recommend our readers to try it.^ Jteeiie llorticole. Canker io fruit trees.— It is now known that the cause of canker in fruit trees is a ra'cro- scopic fungus named Nectria ditissima, which rapidly extends its ravages, but which can be effectively brought under control. For this pur- pose the cankered parts should be cut away and dressed with a pruning-knife, after which a mix- ture of the Bouillie Bordelaise containing I! per cent, of sulphate of copper and il ppr cent, of lime should be applied to the affected parts with a paint-brush. This application may be repeated once or twice in the course of the summer.— /I'crKe Ilortico'e. Making new Strawb-rry beds. — Every Strawlierry grower has his favourite melhcd of forming new beds, and so long as the results are good it does not much matter whst particular plan is adopted. That followed by Mr. Camm, gardener to Admiral Egerton, St. George's Hill, Byfleet, seems, however, to me to be worthy of special mention. The runners are put out in rows, allow- ing just enough space to admit of development the first year. In the auturun they are lifted and put into their fruiting qu.-irters. Some beds of President, Hcricart, ard Kint; of the Earliea managed in this way lock, in spile of three months' parching weather, remarkably well. One ailvan- tage of growing the plants the first year in this way is that by the time the hot weather sets in the foliage fairly covers the ground and helps to July 1, 1893. THE GARDEN 3 keep the roots cool, mulchinf; not being needful. Wateiing can also be attended to, i£ desirable, much betlcr than if put out at once in their per- manent ()uaiters. I have at various limes grown Strawberiies much in this way, and I found that io far as fruiting went the plants bore almost, if not quite as well lifted at the close of the grow- ing lime as if put at once into their permanent position. I'resident is found to be by far the most reliable Strawberry at St. George's Hill, and Waterloo is well thought of. Noble, in spite of its prolific precocious character, has been dis- carded, the llavour being so inferior. For forcing Mr. f'amni prefers La Grosse Sucr6e to all others. -J. C. B. Boses and Peaches in the same house.— In a long lean-to house at Porter's Park, East Barnet, I saw a fine lot of Roses growing in a house along with Peaches. The back wall was 10 feet high, probably more (I speak from memory in con- T cotton with a visit there three years since), and was wholly devoted to Roses. Cloth of Gold was especially noteworthy. The Peaches occupied the front of the house, and were trained over a rather low trellis. Judging from the crop of fruit and tha quantitv of Rose blooms, I could not but admit at the time that the combination was quite a suc- cess. I have frequently seen very fine examples of Mar6ohal Niel growing against the back wall of a lean-to vinery. The temperature required for successful Grape culture is necessarily higher than that required for Peaches, and for this reason less suited for Rose growing. We have here a Gloire de nijon trained up the partition which divides two Peach houses, and well has it succeeded for the last twelve years. We can cut lots of flowers in the early spring months, and for this reason it is kept. True, the annual crop of green-fly makes its appearance, but the getting rid of this is a simple matter. While not advocating the combination of Peaches and Roses, the above shows that both can be successfully grown together. — E. M. Jefferson's Plum under glass.— AVhat a grand Plum this is for cultivating under glass. The fruits are large, of a golden yellow colour, and of excellent flavour. In fact, out of a goodly list of kinds of fruit at present in use this Plum is the most appreciated. My tree is planted out and trained up underneath the roof. In such a position it bears very freely, the fruits hanging in bunches. This checks the tree's vigour, although, of course, by this it must not be understood that the tree is overcropped. To cul- tivate Plums under glass the trees require to be kept cool and airy at all times, as any attempt at forcing would only end in failure. Our Plum house is a cool corridor connecting a range of vineries. — A. Young. the soil is varied in character, being heavy and light loam, peat and gravel, in all of which Strawberries thrive nomlerfully well. Hundreds of acres are cultivated for the market supplies. Sir Joseph Paxtcn is I he one sort which succeeds above all others. Not only during such a season as the pre- sent, but in a wet one this sort is highly spoken of. The flavour is excellent in well-grown and thoroughly ripened examples. In our strong soil this variety is the best dry weather kind we have. Noble has borne a fairly good crop, having stocd the drought remarkably well. In point of flavour, however, it has not improved, neither was it earlier than others. Vicomtesse H(jiicart de Thury is a splendid variety for soil of this character. In point of cropping and quality it has no superior; the only complaint that cnn be made against it is the size of its fruit. We commenced gathering ripe fiuit out of doors May 21. This is not an early garden, being so much exposed to east winds in addition to the heavy character of the soil. Pre- sident is an excellent dry weather Strawberry both here and in lighter soil. The habit of growth is vigorous ; the long leaf-stalks enable the leaves to extend a good way from the crowns, thus keeping the soil comparatively cool by affording shade for a distance around. British Queen and Dr. Hogg are not a success here in such dry weather. The latter does fairly well when the weather is less dry. Those who prefer a somewhat acid Straw- berry will find it in the Captain ; the fruit is borne on stout foot-stalks, but not in sufficient quantity to make it a profitable kind to grow. Sir C. Napier has a flavour peculiarly its own, but it also does not produce fruit in sufficient quantity. E. MOLYNEUX. Strawberry Stirling Castle — I met with this variety, certainly a very scarce sort, just recently at a jam manufacturer's in Kingston. It was spoken of as " Stirling," but is doubtless the old Scarlet Pine. The fruits were of the usual pointed or cone shape, rich in colour, very sweet, and of brisk pleasant flavour, one of the most pleasant varieties I have tasted for a long time. It should apparently make a good variety for breeding from to secure flavour. One jam-maker told me that he grew this variety and Elton Pine exclusively for jam manufacture, because the fruits are so firm and admirably adapted for boil- ing.— A. D. Kitchen Garden. GOOD DRY WEATHER STRAWBERRIES. For the last three years the weather has been both hot and dry just at the time the Straw- berry crop would have benefited by a heavier rain- fall. No hardy fruit suffers more than the Straw- berry if a lengthened period of drought is experi- enced directly the fruit has set. Not only is the fruit deficient in size, but it lacks flavour. These di7 seasons, however, are not without their object lessons ; they should teach us to make note of the varieties that succeed best under adverse condi- tions. Valuable information might be disseminated if others were to record the varieties that have given the best results during the present season, stating also the character of the soil in which the plants are growing, as so much depends upon this. In my opinion far too many sorts are grown ; far better is it to ascertain those that succeed the best in any locality and plant freely cf them. Within a mile of this garden the soil is heavy and too much impregnated with chalk for Strawberries to be grown success- fully, as the foliage lacks that deep green shade so characteristic of vigour and productiveness that it has in sandy or heavy loams for instance where Strawberries grow so well. Outside of that radius HOT WEATHER AND THE VEGETABLE SUPPLY. Very rarely indeed are vegetables so scarce as at the present time, and there will have to be a very early and marked change in the weather to etlect an improvement in the supply. Peas, the most popular of all summer vege- tables, are not at home in a tropical climate, and are behaving very queenly accordingly. Keeping them in a moist state at the root.s does not .sustain them iu good health, and in no case that has come under my notice has the normal height of different varieties been ap- proached. That is not the worst of it. Instead of the rows sown in March and April at inter- vals of a fortnight and still longer ajiart pro- viding a succession of gatherings, all are fit to gather from, at nearly the same time. Even the late Ne Plus Ultra has developed into a second early variety, and we are also gathering from Duke of Albany, Criterion, Telephone, Success and Carter's Daisy, all being fit about the same time. Being kept moist at the roots, the pcds fill well, but the contents are too old for epicures before it is expected. Later rows are aho flowering too soon, and in very many gardens where fpace is limited there will be few or no Peas fit for use much later than June. All we can do is to sow as many late rows as possible, the first or second week in .July being none too late in many localities to sow No Plus Ultra, Latest of All, Sturdy, Autocrat, and such like, English Wonder, William Hurst, Chelsea Gem, as well as the later-growing early sorts being sown up to the end of that month. Where Pf as are not niuch crowded, have been kept well supplied with water at the roots, and the crops closely gathered, there is every likelihood of tho haulm pushing out fresh side shoots, especially if there should, fortunately, soon be a change to dull showery weather, and very acceptable second crops be thus obtained. Do not, there- fore, be in a hurry to pull up the haulm of Telephone, Telegraph, Duke of Albany, and other strong growers, as these are the most likely to grow afresh and give good g.rtherings. Only thorough soakings of water are of any service to Peas, and if they do not work down- wards readily, bore holes at short intervals along the rows with a pointed iron rod or sharp stake. The value of heavy mulchings of strawy manure can scarcely be over-estimated, especially during a hot and dry season such as we are grumbling about now. Before these lines are in print I shall most probably have gathered kidney Beans from rows of plants on a warm border, and when once these become plentiful Peas can b3tter be dispensed with occasionally. Luckily, this crop stands plenty of heat, but the plants ought not to be starved at the roots. Ours some time since had two thorough soakings of water and were then heavily moulded up. Later rows have been similarly served, and a very acceptable lot of Beans will apparently be had without much trouble. Runner Beans, again, seem to revel in the heat, as they are growing rapidly and strongly. As yet ours have not been watered, but they will soon have a thorough soaking, the dose being repeated twice a week during dry weather. These Beans are certain to be in great demand this summer, and none of the cultural details in the shape of thinning out, staking, training, mulching, or watering should be neglected a day longer than can be helped. Keep the pods closely gathered, whether actually wanted for use or not, allow- ing a number of them to mature seed having a most weakening effect on the plants. If some must be saved for seed, then set apart one end of a row for that particular purpose, and these few plants being well fed at the roots will pro- duce a surprisingly good crop of seed, which maturing early and surely, the quality will be better than is often the case when saved in a more haphazard fashion. Vegetable Marrows like plenty of heat, and in other hot and dry summers have been the principal green vegetable sent to the markets. Those numerous waggon-loads of Vegetable Marrows to be seen very early in the morning wending their way to Covent Garden and other markets are not grown on heaps of manure, but are produced by plants in the open fields with only a comparatively thin layer of solid manure under them. Under market growers' treat- ment the plants form only a moderate amount of haulm and abundance of Marrows, plants on heaps of manure behaving in an exactly oppo- site manner. They do not when grown on the level or nearly so reciuire much water, and it could not well be supplied to them if they did. It is of the greatest importance, especially this season when tlie plants have grown as rapidly as Cucumbers in a frame and promise to be productive exceptionally early, that the THE GARDEN. [July 1, 1893. fruits be cut as fast as they are large enough for use. When this is not done, those left on the plants attain a great size, only to be spoilt, very probably, in the au^umn, and the conae- (luonce of this neglect or thoughtlessness is a ces3atiou of the growth of later fruit ; whereas, if kept closely cut over, productiveness will be the rule up till the time early frosts are ex- perienced. ^'egetable Marrows are not con- sidered very high class, and in very many esta- blishments are not often seen on the dining- table. This, however, is either the fault of the cojk or gardener, or, it may be, both of them Together. If the ordinary Lung White or Green Vegetable Marrows are cut when no more than (i inches long and of about the same size round as a fully-grown Cucumber, cooked and served whole, they are then more worthy of being termed ^'egetable IMarrow, and would be far nnre often asked for by owners of large gardens than at present. This may seem an extrava- gmt practice, but small samples are plentiful enough if only the big manure heaps are avoided imd close cutting is practised. This promises to be a good year for Toma- toes, and if the .season continues hot and dry, they will ripen earlier than usual and be abun- dant and good from open-air plants. If the precaution is taken to protect those plants growing against walls and fences with frame lights, or glazed cases when the weather is dull and wet, disease might, to a certain extent, bs defied and a lot of sound fruit be had accordingly. For sal.ad, those ripened under glass are the best, but any moderately well ripened in the open air are suitable for cook- ing, and a very wholesome and acceptable dish they prove to most people. Being kept in a moist state at the roots, and I hold it is a mistake to starve them in hot weather, the plants are growing very strongly with me, the crops also setting most satisfactorily. If there is any drying off at the roots prac- ti 3^, it should only be done in dull showery weather, and in no ease ought the plants to expend any of tlieir strength in the produc- tion of side shoots for which there is no room or use. Lay in a few where there is room for them to form one or two bunches of fruit and pinclugjit the rest as fast as they form. -.^ ,M.-.- M. H. and check, but not wholly keep away or destroy the worms and slug.s. Prior to moulding up, a mixture of soot and lime may safely be dusted ver7 freely about the plants, and also the soil brought up to them, soot in particular having a lasting efteot. It will mean a little extra trouble in the way of cleaning the "sticks" when re- quired for use, but better that than badly-eaten and disligured stalks. — W. I. Tomato Challenger.— I am greatly interested in afairly large trial of Tora:itoes under glass, all the b>bt praised varieties Hnd many thit have as yet receive! no commendations in tljis country being grown. Up to the present time, none iiave given so mi.ch satisfaction as (.'hallenge r, and this excellent va -iety will be grown to the extent of a thousand pU.nts next season. It is of good sturdy habit, the leaves not taking up a disproportionate amount of ro(.m, while the clusters of fruit almost touch each other from the ground up to a height of i\ feet, and the plants are still making good progre.ss. The mFJority of the fruit is of a medium or most seiviceable size, of good form and colour, wliile no f.ii It can be fouml with the quality. It certainly resembles Chemin, but with me is a better cropper. JJilt for Celery. — Would it be beneficial or otherwise to sprinkle fait on the Celery drills he;.vily before earthing with a view to killing the wo.-ms and slugs ? Also would it be beneficial or otherwise to du.^t the ground heavily with lime before earthing the Celery .'— T. C. ',* Salt may with advantage be freely forked int^ the Celery trenches with the manure. Use enough to fairly whiten, but not wholly cover the surface of the manure, and well mix it with the latter, or a bjshel of it may be mixed with every cartload of manure before it is thrown into the trenches. This will certainly benefit tiie Celery ALLOTMENT GARDENS AND THE DROUGHT. I ii.WE been during the past two weeks engaged in awarding prizes to a large number of allotment gardens, and I have noticed in many instances tlie diHiculties which have beset the cottagers in battling with the disadvantages of the drought. In a field of about 11 acres, of one-eighth and one sixteenth of an acre allotments, though water is laid on, there are only two or three stand pipes, and some of the holders have to carry their water a considerable distance. Things are generally backward in development. Peas, Broad Beans, Cabbages, Lettuce, Turnips, Turnip-rooted Beet, and A'egetable Marrows are the only articles up to anything like their usual mark, and some of the best of the Peas will alnaost be over by the first week in July, when oar local show is held. Some of our Ealing cottagers have been famous for the excellent Cauliflowers of the Erfurt type, they have made a practice of exhibiting during the first and second weeks in July, but this season there is scarcely a good Cailiflower to be seen, so much are they out of character and disfigured by blight, and anyone might be led to suppose from tlieir present appearance the cottagers are growing a very indifferent stock. Then the plants are sadly affected with blight and caterpillars, and the club in the case of the Cauliflowers is this season a great pest. The use of lime and soot in the soil in which the club appeared last season and an entire change of crop have had little perceptible effect. It would be interesting to know if club is more prevalent in a wet season than in a dry one. Cab- bages sown last autumn are quite out of character this season, and to judge from the appearance of some of them, a certain sort named Defiance, which is a great favourite among our Ealing allotment- holders, is this season so difl'erent as to look like a bastard, and yet I am assured that feed from the same packet has produced Cabbages of remarkable quality, and as inferiority is the re- sult of the season and not of the strain, no one should be in a hurry to condemn the seedsman for supplying a bad article. On light gravelly land, of which a portion of our allotment gardens consists, the crops are thin and poor, largely owing to want of rain and the difliculty experienced in procuring manure ; in- deed, this has now become in some of tlie suburbs of London a very expensive luxury. The allot- ment-hol'ler scrapes together the very best mate- rials in the w,iy of manure he can, but it is too often a poor fertiliser. When last winter lectur- ing to allotment-holders in the county of Berk- shire, I found that in the country as much dilK- culty is experienced in procuring manure as near London. 1 was questioned as to the best patent manure for allotment - holders, and, desirous of having the most reliable advice, I wro'e to Mr. J. J. Willis, of Harpenden, who admitted that the problem as to suitable artificial manures for allot- ment-holders is a difficult one, not from want of materials, but for conveniences for their storage, preparation and application, and it is of little use to recommend .anything th.at requires careful mix- ing by those employing it. The best all-round manure of this character is, in the opinion of Mr. Willis, undoubtedly gu?no, but its compositiun varies so greatly, that persons purchasing it may pay double its value. Probably the safest and most economical manure for general garden pur- poses would be a low grade manure, such as is advertised as Turnip manure, and which costs from £7 to £>i per ton. This contains about '.) per cent, of nitrogen, and should be sown broad- cast and dug in at the rate of 2 to 'i cwt. per acre according to the crop for which it is intended, the Cabbage tribe requiring more than Onions, Carrots, Beet, Peas, &c. There aie some good bone manures now to be had which are well adapted for Peas, Potatoes, Onions, &c. Soot is a good manure, but it is one that, while apparently ready to the hand of most allotment-holders, they appear to use very little of where it can be pro- cured. Basic slag may be used with advantage on all soils that are not chalky. The difhculty of getting a patent manure to suit allotment-holders is great, but capable of being overcome. If it were possible for a body of allot- ment-holders to club together and get one or two tons of Turnip manure direct from a good firm, they would find it come cheaper than going to an agent, and the firm would deliver it carriage free. Then come the storage and division, both of which might be arranged by hearty co-operation and mutual assistance. R. D. Deep cultivation. — When looking over an ex- tensive range of allotments recently I could not help noticing the marked difference between the appearance of the crops in a few cases as com- pared with what was generally found. In relation to the latter I asked a worker to let me have his spale that I might ascertain how deeply his ground was worked, and found it did not exceed 10 inches. Below that the bottom was so hard, that it was most dillicult to penetrate it. In the case of the few better cropped holdings I found that the sail had been worked 1 r> inches in depth. The allotments were all in the first year of cultivation, but the holders have all learned a rough lesson as to the value of deep cultivation, and it is to be hoped that the common 10 in. will be deepened to 20 in. during the ensuing winter. But there is not a garden in tlie kingdom wliere this season the value of deep cultivation is not being made manifest. If it be wise to advise the formation of trenches for Celery, Peas, and other crops, it is equally wise to advise that all the culti- vated soil shall be treated as though it were one huge trench, as even single trenches ever so deep and well prepared by no means equal deep trench- ing of an entire area. It sometimes happens when moisture is too prevalent that on deeply worked soil tlie crops are too gross and leafy. That is much more seldom an evil, however, than is the existing one of excessive dryness, so that over large areas of cropped soil the produce will hardly pay the cost of the seed. Farm land just now is in a terribly barren, burnt up condition because it is so shallow worked. On the other hand, where ground is every few years trenched from 2 feet to :i feet and well manured, crops in spite of the drought look fairly well, and for the season are almost the only successes. Such a season of drought as is the present should give a strong impetus to the deeper cultivation of the soil. — A. D. Carrots dying off. — All the beds of Carrots in my charge are infested with a grub like a small maggot, which outs the young Carrots across. What can I do to destroy them, and can I do any- thing another year to prevent their ravages (in the preparation of the ground, I mean) .'— T. C. * * Once maggots take possession of Carrot roots there is no remedy other than forking them out of the ground and burning all together. Sand thoroughly impregnated with petroleum and sown broadcast over the beds or freely between the rows soon after the plants .show through the ground, further dressings being given every fortnight till the roots are large enough for use, has a decidedly deterrent effect upon the fly that causes the trouble, but no applications of either diluted petroleum or other insecticides are equal to destroy- ing the grubs once they are formed unless strong enough to kill the plants as well. Try the sand remedy on any plants that come up after the rains, and if any seed is sown soon with a view to having young Carrots throughout the autumn and winter months, distribute some petroleum-soaked sand along July 1, 1893.] THE GARDEN. the drills. For tlie attacks of grubs after the roots liave attained a serviceable size, these dis- figuring the roots, but not oflen causing the leaves to flag badly and die, a free use of wood ashes is the best lasting preventive. Instead of sowing this very freely in the drills with the seed and risk destroying the latter by nn over-dose of it, com- pletely cover the surface with good wood ashes, or the latter and soot in mixture and lightly fork it in. Nitrate of soda and salt are .-ilso deter- rents of grnb attacks, and excellent fertilisers in most cases. Ground intended for Carrots ought, as a rule, to be dug up deeply and roughly early in the winter, a .'coond turn leing given during a dry time in March. This will be the means of greatly improving the soil and getling rid of various insect pests. In extreme cases a complete change of ground should be tried, a compost of fi csh sandy soil being substituted for ordinary garden soil. The less thinning out of seedlings there is needed the better, always providfd there are enough plants, grubs being most often troublesome where much thinning has Lad to be done. — W. I. CUCUMBERS FAILING. With this I am sending stems and roots of Cu- cumbers and Tomatoes, which I shall be glad if jou will submit to an expert to examine. The whole of the Cucumber plants in two long houses have collapsed just when they were beginning to do well, and no reason for this can be found. They are grown without bottom-heat in a light sandy loam, with solid manure and bone meal mixed with it. The progress up to the time of failure was most satisfactory, the root action being good and the top growth equally so. First a few leaves flag, then some of the branches, and eventually the whole of the plant goes. I can find no damaged roots' and the stems are apparently sound, though the collars, I should say, are not quite as they thould be. The water used is princiiially " town water," and very hard. It is run into tanks and warmed by means of hot -water pipes passing throush them prior to use. The houses are new, and there may be something wrong with the paint. Only a few Tomato plants go wrong, but the symptoms are ri'ucl^ the same, and the collapse of strong fruiting plants is very sudden. Strangely enough, another large houfe of Cucumbers in this neighbourhood failed similarly, the soil in this case being very different from ours, but the house was new. If you can help me to solve the mystery a great favour will be conferred. — G. W. I enclose leaves and roots of Ciicumbers from the house of a small grower for market. The plants flag and in a few days are what might be termed dead. There are two more places half a mile distant where the plants are similarly alTeclcd, and in one of them I am informed that the Tomato plants of one cf the growers are going off in the same way. The house from which I pulled the enclosed plant up is, like the others, n:ost suitable for Cucumbers, and the owner told me that a Hose tree in a pot at one end began to go wrong first, then a couple of Geraniums, then the Cucumber plants, I do not attach much importance to the death of the Rose and Geraniums, and I simply give the man's explanation. I saw he had a fine healthy Tomato plant in the place where he said the Rose stood. I shall be glad to know of cause and likely remedy for the Cucumber disease. — W. P. *^* I am very sorry I have not been able to reply to the enclosed letters before, but I could find no cause of injury to the plants, so I sent them to Miss Ormerod. who was not more fortunate. The same reply applies equally to both letters. I am sorry to say that I am quite unable to say what has caused the death of the Cucumber plants. I have carefully examined the roots under a micro- scope, and, failing to find any cause of injury either insect or otherwise, I sent one to Miss Ormerod, who quite confirms my examination. There are some eel-worms present in the stem, but not enough to injure the plants. I think the very hot weather may have had something to do with the mischief by drying the atmosphere or the soil more rapidly than was imagined, or was the tem- perature of the houses too high? Whatever the cause may have been, I think you may be quite certain that it was not an insect, mite or eel-worm or a fungus. — G. S. S. THE PEA CROP. When Teas sold at public auction fetch .tl? per acre, it shows tli.at the crop is very scarce in some districts, especially when the buyer has to pay for g.athering, carriage to market and other incidental expenses. This price was obtained in this district for a fine crop. In many instances the dry weather has proved disastrous, growers in several cases having had to plough up the crop as not worth re- taining. Resides the drought to contend against, there was the Pea weevil, which played terrible havoc. Rarely have Peas been gathered so early in the season. In the case of some of the varie- ties, no sooner had gathering commenced than it was over. Those jeople who have hitherto put their faith in the early rounds for a fir.-t crop will eventually have to grow the better quality early marrows. The only gain as regards the early rounds is where they are sown in November or De- cember ; then with a fairly favourable time these afford the earliest gathering. This was the case this last season, as after a perusal of all published reports, it was those sown in November or Decem- ber which were the earliest. Of these, Veitch's Selected Extra Early, good types of Ringleader and William I. were the best. I must admit that the season was all in favour of the early marrows, whether raised under glass and planted out at the first opportunity or sown in the open. On the other hand, the early rounds did not beat them for earli- ness when sown under like conditions. These are evidently what might be described as wet-weather Peas, as they take a surprising amount of moisture both'in the atmosphere and at the root. The hot and dry weather this season was too muc'-. for them, as besides being abnormally short In the haultn, they were in and over in less than a week, the haulm turning colour rapidly. Those people who relied upon these for succession for the first two or three sowings must have been without Peas at some time and quite unable to keep up a succes- sion. The varieties which I have grown, and which also have done exceedingly well, have been William Hurst, Chelsea Gem, English Wonder, and May (,iaeen. These are all of fine quality, come early into use, last a surprisingly long time in bearing, and give a daily succession of pods instead of one or two gatheilngs like the early rounds. In more genial seasons I have had William Hurst and Chel- sea Gem keep lengthening out the haulm and forming pods. At one time it was customary to make the sowing for the first crop during Novem- ber, and in many gardens this is still done with more or less success. Soil and situation have a great infiuence one way or the other. Many gar- deners, I know, condemn this system, but I do not. By not sowing in November or December they make a mistake in reiving, when they do sow, upon the more inferior rounds. I have quite given up forwaiding the rounds in this way, as the haulm quickly lengthens out, and if an Inclement time should follow to prevent planting when ready, they soon get spoiled. Another feature of the dwarfs is, that by being sown comparatively closely together the crop is far heavier. A. Young. Trees and Shrubs. Tomato Early Ruby in the open air.— It is very seldom that ripe Tomatoes can be gathered from the open air in the third week in June. This has happened with a variety called Early Ruby. Good plants were put out against a south wall on a raised border during the first week in June, the first trusses being well set and the fruit swelling. This, of course, would be a help, but however this may be, it shows the remarkably early character of the season.— A. Young. THE JAPANESE ARALIAS. The Aralia family has no representative in Eastern North America outside of the genus Aralia, and only one woody plant, Aralia spi- nosa, a small tree of the Middle and Southern States. In Japan tlie family appears in no less than eight genera. The Ivy of Europe reaches .lapaii, where it is rather common in the south, although we did not meet with it north of the Hakone Mountains and the region about Fugi- san. Helwingia, a genus with two species of shrubs, remarkable in this family for the posi- tion of the flowers, which are produced on the upper surface of the midribs of the leaves, is Japanese and Himalayan. In Japan Helwingia ranges to Southern Yezo, where, in the penin- sula south of Volcano Bay, in cnniinon with a number of other plants, it finds its most northern home. In the flora of Japan, Fatsia is represented by the handsome evergreen plant Fatsia (Aralia) japoniea, now well known in our conservatories, an inhabitant of the extreme southern part of the empire, although often cultivated in the gar- dens of Tokio, both in the open ground and in pots : and by Fatsia horrida, a low shrub, with stout, well-armed stems, large palmate leaves and bright red fruit, which is also common on the mountains of the north-west coast region of North America from Oregon to Sitka. In Japan we found it growing under the dense shade of the Hemlock forests on steep rocky slopes above Lake Umoto, in the Nikko Mountains, at an elevation of 50011 feet above the sea-level, and in Y^ezo. The third member of the genus, Fatsia papyrifera, from the thick pith of whose branches the Chinese rice-paper is made, and an inhabitant of Central and Southern Ohiiia and of Formosa, is frequently seen in Tokio gardens, as it is in those of the United States and Europe. In Y^ezo is found a representative of the Manchurian and Chinese genus Eleuthe- rococcus, a shrub still to be introduced into our gardens, and Panax repens, a delicate herb with trailing stems and bright red fruit, which man- ages to live on mountain slopes under the dense shade of Bamboos ; while Dendropanax, a tropi- cal genus of trees and shrubs of the New World, as well as of the Old, reaches Southern Japan with asingle-shrubby species, Dendropanax japonicum. Aralia is more multiplied in species in Eastern America, where six are known, than in Japan, whose flora contains only two, although a third, the Ginseng (Aralia fiuiu(|uefolia), a native of Manchuria, Northern China, and the United States, has been cultivated for centuries in Japan for the roots, which the Chinese esteem for medicine and buy in large quantities, some- times paying f.ibulous prices for them, espe- cially for the wild Manchurian roots, which are considered more valuable than those obtained from North America or from plants cultivated in Japan, or in Corea, where Ginseng-cultiva- tion is one of the most imiiortant branches of agriculture. Curiously enough, this North American and Chinese species was first made known to the outside world by Ka^mpfer's de scription of the plants cultivated in Japan. Of the indigenous Aralias of Japan, Aralia cordata is a herb with large pinnate leaves and long compound racemose panicles of white flowers, which are followed by showy black fruit. In habit and general appearance it re- sembles our North American Spikenard (Aralia racemosa), but it is a larger and handsomer plant, and well worth a place in the wild garden. In Japan Aralia cordata is often cultivated in the THE GARDEN. [July 1, 1893. neishbourhootl of houses for the young shoots which, as well as the roots, are cooked and eaten. AUALIA SPISOSA VAR. CANESUENS, only differ- JDg from our American Aralia spinosa in its rather broader and more coarsely serrate leaflets and in the character and amount of pubescence which covers their lower surface, is a common tree in Yezo and in all the low mountain region of North- ern and Central Hondo. It usually selects rather moist soil, and sometimes, under favourable condi- tion«, rises to t he height of 30 feet or 40 feet and forms a straight, well- developed trunk. In Hondo large plants are rare, probably owing to the fact that the forests on the low and accessible moun- tain slopes are frequently cut o(T, but the shrubby covering of such bills is almost always brightened in September by the great compound clusters of the white flowers of the Aralia which rise above it. The Japanese form does not appsar to be much known in gardens, although young plants have lately been raised in the Arnold Arboretum from seed sent a few years ago by Dr. Jlayr from Japan, and it is the Manchurian variety known as Aralia chinensis, or as Dimorphanthus mandschuricus, that is usually seen in our gardens, from which the American form, the type of the species, appears to have pretty nearly disappeared, although the name is common enough in nurserymen's catalogues. But of all the Araliacere of Japan, Acautho- paoax is the most interesting to the student of trees. It is a small genus of about eight .ipe- cies of trees and shrubs, all memVjers of tropical Asia and of China and Japan, where half-a- dozen of them have been found. The most important of the Japanese species are Acantho- pana.x ricinifolium and Acanthopanax sciado- phylloides. Of the other species, Acanthopanax innovans is a small tree, of which I saw young plants only, on the Nagaseudo, without flowers IT fruit, and which is still to be introduced. Acanthopanax aculeatum, a shrub or small tree, with lustrous three or five-parted leaves, is much planted in Japan in hedges and is hardy in Southern Yezo, where, however, it has been introduced. Acanthopanax triohodon, of Fran- chet and Savatier, a doubtful species, which, from the description, must closely resemble Acanthopanax aculeatum, we did not see ; but Acanthopanax sessiliflorum of Manchuria and Northern China and an old inhabitant of the Arnold Arboretum, we found evidently indi- genous near Lake Umoto, in the Nikko Moun- tains, on the Xagasendo and in Yezo. Acanthopanax sciadophylloides is still un- known in our gardens, and we were fortunate in securing an abundant supply of seeds. It is a han.lsome, shapely tree, sometimes 40 feet in height. The flowers appear in early summer on slender pedicels in few-flowered umbels ar- ranged in terminal panicles 5 inches or 6 inches across, with slender branches, the lower radiating iit right angles to the stem, the upper erect. The fruit, which is of the size of a pea, is dark blue- black, somewhat flattened or angled, and contains two carlilaginous,. flattened, one-seeded stones. This handsome species inhabits tlie mountain forests of Nikko, where it is not common. Later we found it in great .abundance on Mount Hak- koda, in Northern Hondo, and in Central Yezo, where it is common in the deciduous forests which clothe the hill-sides. Here it apparently attains im largest .•■ize, and grows with another species of this genus, Acanthopanax iticixiPOLiu.M, the largest Aralia of Japan. I have followed the Japanese botanists in referring this tree to the Panax ricini- folia of Siebold and Zuccarini, although the plant cultivated in our gardens and in Europe as Acan- thopanax ricinifolium or Aralia Maximowiczi is distinct from the Yezo tree in the more deeply lobed leaves with much broader sinuses between the lobes. A single individual similar to the plant of our gardens I saw growing in the forest near Fukushima, in Central Japan, but, unfortu- nately, it w.^s without fljwers or fruit. A-.d as I was unable to find any leaves on the Yezo trees with the broad sinuses of this plant or any inter- mer.iate foims, it will not be surprising if the forests of Japan are found to contain two species of simple-leaved arborescent Acanthopanax, in which case it will be necessary to ex.amine Siebold's specimens to determine which species he called Panax ricinifolia. In the forests of Yezo, where it is exceedingly common, Acanthopanax ricini- folium, as it will be called for the present at least, is a tree sometimes SO feet in height, with a tall straight trunk 4 feet or '> feet in diameter, covered with very thick, dark, deeply-furrowed b.ark and immense limbs, which stand out from the trunk .at right angles like tho?e of an old pasture Oak, .and thick reddish brown, moslly erect briicchlets armed with stout, straight, orange-coloured prickles with much enlarged bases. The leaves, 7 inches to 10 inches across, are dark green and very lustrous on the upper surface, light green nn the lower sur- face, which is covered, especially in the axils of the ribs, with rufous pubescence. The small white flowers are produced on long slender pedicels in many-flowered umbels. They appe.ar in August and September, and are very conspicuous as they rise above the dark green foliage, giving to this fine tree an appearance f ntirely unlike th.at of .any other inhabitant of northern forests. Acantho- panax ricinifolium is common in Saghalien and Yfzo, and I s.aw it occasionally on the mountains of Central Hondo, where, however, it does not grow to the great size it attains in the forests of Yezo. Here it is associated with Lindens, Mag nolias. White Oaks, Birches, Maples, Cercidi phyllum, Walnuts, Carpinus and Ostrya. The woorl is rather hard, straight-grained, light brown, with a fine satiny surface. In Yezo it is highly valued, and is used in considerable quantities in the interior finish of houses and for furniture, cases, &c. — (larden and Purest. The golden-leaved Alder.— A hot and dry season such as we are now h.aving brings out the colour of the golden-leaved Alder. We have several trees growing on exposed banks and knolls in the pleasure grounds. In conjunction with these, we also have several specimens of the purple-leaved Prunus Pissardi, the two together m.aking quite a harmonious blending of colour. Unfortunately, rabbits are very fond of peeling the stems during the winter months. A piece of wire netting bound around the stem will, however, pro- tect it. — A. Young. The Clammy Locust (Robinia viscosa).- This is a charming member of the Acacia family, .and makes a handsome tree, but, happily, we h