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PROPERTY OF THE

HREE PUBLIC LIBRARY

OF THE

TOWN OF WATERTOWN.

[5000 May 1912]

as THE
GARDEN MAGAZINE.

Devoted to Planting and Managing the Grounds About the Home
and to the Cultivation of Fruits, Vegetables and Flowers

Volume XVI
August, 1912, to January, 1913

OTH AITHS SON.

( DET 29 286
ae Lae

cure ed

GARDEN CITY NEW YORK
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY

IQL3

i

Zo0o1y

INDEX TO THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

Volume XVI—August, 1912, to January, 1913

Copyrighted, 1913, by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
The asterisk (*) signifies that the subject ts illustrated

Adams, H. S., articles by, 112, 264.

A. G., article by, 207.

Alfalfa, Preparing the Soil for, 60.

Ammonia for forcing bulbs, 203.

Angell, Ida M., article and photograph
by, 19.

Annual for the Bulb Beds, An, 74.*
“Round-up” of Gardening Achieve-

ments, 201.* =

Annuals for Winter Bloom Indoors, 11.*
raising, to sell, 20.

Another Umbrella Admirer, 176.*

Apple Trees, ‘‘Dehorning,” 220.*

Arbutus, forcing, 204.*

Artistic Home Grounds for $300, 50.*

Asters, native, growing the, 45,* 46,* 47;*
48.*

Ayer, H. D., photograph by, 151.

Back Yard, The, 30.
irrigating a, 128.
Bacteria, Fertilizing with, 34.
Barber, C. F., article and photograph by,
222.
Barnes, P. T., articles by, 74, 78.
photographs by, 5, 6, 7, 74.
Basis of Fertility, ‘The, 144.
Bensel, Alice Cooper, article by, 239.
photographs by, 239, 241.
Benson, W. C., photographs by, 42, 43,
152, 193-
Best Blue Water Lilies, The, 4.*
Evergreen Vines for America, The, 155.*
Bittersweet, evergreen, 155.*
Blessing, Arthur I., article and photo-
graphs by, 150.
Bookbinder, Cheating the, 222.*
Border of bulbs, 102.*
Boult, Ella M., photograph by, 199.
Bowers, M., article by, 164.
Brown, Mrs. A. H., article by, 19.
B. R. S., article and photograph by, 202.
Bruce, Greenleaf, photograph by, 205.
Buerger, M. J. G., photographs by,
September and December covers.
Buildings in the Home Grounds, 95,* 157.*
246.*
Bulb Bed, Annual for, 74.*
carpet for, 20.
daffodil, 124.*
Department, 214.
Planting in the South, 122.
Bulbs, 102.*
ammonia for forcing, 203.
Hardy, for fall planting, 100.*
old, resetting, 124.*
spring-flowering, color
with, 147.*
Starting for-Christmas, 55.*
window garden of, 111.*
Butler, Eloise, article and photograph by
176, 178.
Buying the Suburban Home — A Warn-
ing, 48.*

combinations

Cabbages of Unusual Merit, 52.*

Candytuft, 13.*

Canine, Edwin N., article by, 111-

Canterbury bells, 126,* 148.*

Card index for keeping garden informa-
tion, 78.*

Celery, keeping through the winter, 162.

Cheating the Bookbinder, 222.*

Chester, Frederick D., article by, 34.

Child’s Garden, The, 14, 57, 110, 159,
204, 248.

Chionodoxa, 1or.*

Christmas. Starting Bulbs for, 55.*

Clark, Martha H., articles by, 11, 55.

photograph by, 55.

Color Arrangements for Darwin Tulips
and Other Spring-flowering Bulbs, 147.*
Columbine, to.*
Cone, Mary C., article by, 218.
Connecticut Garden, In a, 218.
Conover, M. R., articles by, 124, 207.
photograph by, 124.
Cooking Department, 19.
string beans, 19.
the Left-over Vegetables, 19.*
Cosmos, self-sowing, 116.
Cow parsnip, 178.*
Crandon, Anna, article by, 172.
Cratzgus, 189,* 190,* 191,* 192,* 210.
Cress in a Greenhouse, Growing, 170.
Crocus, 100,* 106.*
Crop that Grows in Winter, The, 207.
Cross, Jean, photograph by, 205.
Currant, 104.*
Currants and Gooseberries in Tree Form,
258.*
C. W., article by, 162.
Cyclamen for Indoor Bloom, 70.*

Daffodil, 106.*

Daffodils naturalized, 105.* °

Dahlia flowers fading, 20.

“Dehorning” Apple Trees, 220.*

Deutzia, 212.*

Dixon, Florence, article by, 32.

Doogue, Luke J., articles by, 30, 48, 70,

126.
photographs by, 30, 32, 49, 70, 72,
126, 128, 201, 202.

Dry Farming in Summer, 32.

Duffy, Sherman R., article by, 45.
photographs by, 45, 46, 47, 48.

Dunbar, John, article by, 189.

Duncan, Frances, article by, 57.

E. G. P., article and photograph by, 132.
Elder as a Screen, The, 132.*
Eldredge, A. G., photographs by, 1, 17, 59,
56, 95, 102, 107, 146, 147, 157, 197. 246.
Euonymous, climbing, 155,* 156.*
Evergreen bittersweet, 155.*
hawthorn, December cover.

Evergreens, 153.*

Fall planting, lilies for, 145.*
small fruits in the, 103.*

F. E. Mcl., article by, 214.
Ferns In a Wardian Case, 64.*
Fertility, The Basis of, 144.
Fertilizer, Using Sawdust as a, 260.
Fertilizing with Bacteria, 34.
Few-Hours-A-Day Garden, A, 233.*
F. M. M., article by, 160.
For the Pacific Coast, 260.
Forcing bulbs, ammonia for, 293.

Narcissus, 214.

the Lily-of-the-Valley in Florida, 164.
Foreign pests, keeping out, 144.
Fruits, Selling in a Small Way, 59.

Gaillardia, 10.*

Garage, The, 157,* 158.*

Garden Contest, Prize Awards in Our, 232.
information, how to keep, 78.*

Gardening for Profit, 201.*
wild, principles of, 105.*

Gardens, New, Sixty Suggestions for, 197*.

Gooseberries and Currants in Tree Form,
258.*

Gooseberry, 104.*

Grape Leaf-Hopper, The, 72.

Grapes, 250.*

Graves, N. R., photographs by, 11, 13, 92,
96, IOI, 102, 106, 107, 145, 155, 156,
189, I9I, 192.

Green, Nat S., article and photographs
by, 233, 235.
pastures, maintaining, 60.
Greenhouse, Growing Cress in a, 170.
Hobby, Riding a, 5.*
home-made, 201.*
interior, 5,* 7.*
small, 6.*
Griffin, J. Wesley, article and photographs
by, 236, 237.
Growing annuals indoors, 11.*
-Cress in a Greenhouse, 170.
cyclamen indoors, 70.*
Roses from Seed, 112.*
Tritomas from Seed, 268.
Gunning, John S., article by, 60.

Hadley, Florence Jones, article by, 128.
Ha-ha, 42,* 43.*
Handling the Refuse, 207.
Hardy Border, The, 166.
Bulbs for Present Planting, 100.*
Mrs. A. S., article and photograph by.
64.

Plants to Bloom All Summer, 126.*
Hartman, Edna, article by, 166.
Hawthorn, evergreen, December cover.
Hawthorns, The Romance of Our, 189,*

210.

Hayes, Helen A., article by, 168.
Heracleum, 178.*

Herrington, A., articles by, 100, 145.
Hill, Emily, photograph by, 106.
Hollister, S., article by, 24.
Hollyhocks, 9.*

disease of, 20. 7
Holmes, George S., article by, 208.
Home-made Contrivances, 114.

Hooper, Charles E., drawing by, January
cover.
Hothouse, cellar-window, 116.*
House Plants, 64.
How I Grew a Rose Bush from a Slip, 252.
Start Seeds, 114.*

Last Winter Affected My Plants, 168.

Southerners Grow Sweet Peas, 120.

to bind your magazines, 222.*

Buy Nursery Stock, 97.”
grow roses from slips, 252.

keep garden information, 78.*

to make salad, I9.

We Irrigated Our Back Yard, 128.
Hughes, Rupert L., article by, 62.
Hurst, Lou E., article and photographs

by, 212.

Hyacinth, grape, 1o1.*
Hyacinths, 56,* 102.*

In a Connecticut Garden, 218.

Indoors, cyclamen for, 70.*

Instance of the Mendellian Law, An, 262.

Irrigating a backyard, 128.

“Trrigating System” Instead of a Water-
ing Can, An, 130.

Janicke. Rudolf, article and photograph
by, 258.
J. E. S., article and photograph by, 202.

Keeping Celery Throughout the Winter,
162.
Garden Information, 78.*
Roses Over Winter, 62.
Kentucky,’A Prize Home Garden in, 236.*
Kimball, W. S., photographs by, 100, 154,
203, 207.
King, Mrs. Francis, article by, 147.
photographs by, 148, 149.

Kruhm, Adolph, articles by, 8, 52, 97, 256.
photographs by, 8, 9, 10. 52, 53, 54,

97, 98, 99.
Krumwiede, Jr., Charles, article by, 268.

Laburnum, 266.*

Lange, Otto F., article by, 252.

Larkspur, 10,* 13.*

Let Cosmos Self-sow, 116.

Lilies for fall planting, 145.*
From June to October, 145.*

Lilium myriophyllum, 100,*
cover.

Lily, Henry’s, 203.

Lily-of-the-valley, 159,* 204.*
forcing, 164.

Little Farm, The, 59, 108, 161, 206, 249.
Farmer Speaks, A, 207.

L. J. D., article by, 201.

Lobdell, R. N., article by, 112.

Long Island Vegetable Garden, A, 239.*

Loomis, A. F., photographs by, 100, 204.

Loring garden, photograph of, 16.

Lucullus, Jr., article by, 15.

Lusty Dwarf Apple Tree, A, 202.*

November

McCollom, W. C., articles by, 22, 103.
photographs by, 22, 24, 103, 104.
McFarland, J. H., photographs by, 95,

247.
Mahoney, Edward, photograph by, 205.
Maintaining Green Pastures, 60.
Making the Garden Snug for Winter, 150.*
Malcolm, Flora, photographs by, 160.
Mann, P. B., article and photograph by,
IIT.
Marigold, 13.*
Martin, A., article by, 114.
photographs by, 114, 116.
Mason, F. H., article by, 260.
Meller, C. L., articles by, 118, 151, 154.
Mendellian Law, An Instance of the, 262.
Mignonette, 11.*
Miles, Mrs. John B., article by, 174.
Miller, Wilhelm, articles by, 50, 105, 155,
197, 243.
Mole-Proof Tulip Bed, A, 202.*
Month’s Reminder, The, 3, 41, 91, 143,
187, 231.
More Than Enough Strawberries, 24.
Morton, O. A., photographs by, 14, 205.
Musser, Mabel J., photographs by, 14,
205.

Narcissus in Twenty Days, 214

Nash, G. V., article and photographs by,
4.

Nasturtium, 13.*

Native Asters for Fall Gardens, 45.*

New England Gardens, 16,* 17.*
Gardens, Sixty Suggestions for, 197.*

Northend, M. H., photograph by, 158.

November Meetings, 172.

Nursery Stock, How to Buy, 97.*

Nymphea, August cover.

Oats, Prepare for, 162.
O'Connell, H., photograph by, 248.
Oriental Poppy Notes, 166.

Pansies the Year Round, 164.

Papaw, 264.*

Paret, Mary B., article by, 116.

Pastures in summer, maintaining, 60.

Peach orchard, 207.*

Pecans, raising, 20.

Peck, E. W. photograph by, 158.

Peirce, R. W., photograph by, August
cover.

Peony Bloom for the Longest Season, 92.*
seed, when to sow, 20.

Perennial phlox reverting, 20.

Perennials Everybody Can Grow from
Seeds, 8.*

Pergola, 158.*

Perry, R. N., photograph by, 14.

Personal Experiences, 168.

Pests, foreign, keeping out, 144.

Phacelia, 74.*

Phlox, 13.*

Piers and Walls, 246,* 247.*

Pine, 154.*

Pinks, 8.*

Pitch Pines for Poor Soils, 243.*

Planning Now for Next Season, 254.

Plant box, diagram of, 159.
More Grapes! 250.*

Planting a Strawberry Bed, 22.*
fall, lilies for, 145.*
small fruits in the fall, 103.*
Tables of Vegetables for Southern Gar-

dens, 245.

Plants in the West, wintering, 118.

Poplar tree, killing a, 20.

Poppies, Oriental, notes about, 166.
transplanting, 20.

Portable Water Garden, A, 30.*

Portulaca, 13.*

Powell, E. P., article and photograph by,
250.

Prepare for Oats, 162.

Preparing the Soil for Alfalfa, 60.

Primulas indoors, 203.

Principles of Wild Gardening, The, 105.*

Winter Protection, Some, 144.

Prize Awards in Our Garden Contest,
232.
Home Garden in Kentucky, A, 236.*

Profit, Gardening for, 201.*

Protecting the garden for winter, 150,*
TSiten

Protection, winter, some principles of, 144.

Pumpkin, 160.*

Purchase, C. A., photograph by, October
cover.

‘Puschkinia, 1o1.*

Pyracanthus, December cover.

Raising annuals to sell, 20.
pecans, 20.

Readers’ Experience Club, 203.
Service, 20.

INDEX TO THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

Refuse, garden, handling the, 207.
Resetting Old Bulbs, 124.*
Riding a Greenhouse Hobby, 5.*
Riley, Phil M., articles by, 95, 157, 246.
Robinson garden, photographs of, 16, 50.
plan of, 51.
William, photograph by, 105.
Rockwell, F. F., article by, 130.
Rogers, J. E., photograph by, 204.
R. E., article and photographs by, 220.
Romance of our Hawthorns, The, 189,*
210.
Rose, American Pillar, 208.
climbing, 208.*
Department, 62, 252.
varieties to grow, II2.
Roses, 112, 208.
for the South, 112.
from seed, growing, 112.*
slips, how to grow, 252.
keeping over winter, 62.
Rush Jobs for the South. 26,
Rutledge, Archibald, articles by. 55, 195-
photographs by, 195, 196.
Rye, 207.

Sage. Hollister, articles by, 60, 162, 207.
Salad, how to make, 19.
Saunders, A. P., article by, 92.
photographs by, 93, 94.
Sawdust for fertilizer, 260.
Scale on white pine, 203.*
School Gardens in Indiana, 111.
and How to Begin Them, 57.*
Scilla, ror.*
Screen, The Elder as a, 132.*
Secret of Satad, The, 19.
Seed, growing perennials from, 8,* 9,* 1c.*
roses from, 112.*
Tritomas from, 268.
how to sow, 9.*
Seeds, How I Start, 114.*
Selling Fruits in a Smal! Way, 59.
Shady Situations, Vines and Shrubs for,
174.
Shaw, Ellen Eddy, articles by, 14, 57, 110,
159, 204, 248.
photograph by, 204.
Stillman, photograph by, 204.
Shellbark, The Best Nut for the Farm and
its Value in the Landscape, The, 195.*
Shrubs and Vines for Shady Situations,
174.
Hardy, Two, 212.*

Sipe, John E., article by, 5
Sixty Suggestions for New Gardens, 197.*
Small Fruits, 258.
for Next Year’s Crop, 103.*
Snapdragon, 13.*
Snowdrops, 102.*
Soil, preparing for alfalfa, 60.
Some Observations of Unfamiliar Trees,
264.*
South, Roses for the, 112.
Rush Jobs for the, 26.
Southern Department, 68, 120, 164, 254.
Gardens, A Vegetable Planting Table
for, 245.
Sow peony seed, when to, 20.
Sowiny seed, 2.*
Spirza, 212.*
Spirit of the Garden, 42,* 152,* 193.*
Stachys, 148.*
Standard Frau Karl Druschki, A, 208.
Stanwood, Joel, article by, 60.
Star of Bethlehem naturalized, 105.*
Starr, Ida M. N., articles by, 42, 152, 193.
Starting Bulbs for Christmas, 55.*
Steed, Thomas J., articles by, 26, 68, 120,
122, 164, 214; 254.
planting table by, 245.
Steger, Alice Scales, article and photo-
graph by, III.
Stock, 13.*
Stoddard, George O., photographs by, ror,
November cover.
Strawberries, More Than Enough, 24.
Strawberry Bed, Planting a, 22.*
String Beans in a New Way, 10.
Suburban Home, Buying a, 48.*
Sweet Peas, How Southerners Grow, 120.
William, 8.*

Taylor, John E., article by, 59.

Ten Acres Enough, 108, 161, 206, 249.

Thayer garden, photograph of, 17.

Tobacco, flowering, 13.*

Tool sheds, 95,* 96.*

Transformation of a Country School, The,
160.*

Transplanting poppies, 20.

Trees and Shrubs, 174, 210, 264.

Tritomas from Seed, Growing, 268.

Trollius, 178.*

Troth, Henry, photographs by, 16, 96,
I05, 189, 190, 197, 247.

Trumbull, E. E., photograph by, 204.

Tulip Bed, A Mole-Proof, 202.*

Tulipa, 148,* 149.*

Tulips, Darwin, color combinations with,
147.*

Tussock moth, killing the, 111.*

Two Hardy Shrubs, 212.*

Unfamiliar Trees, Some Observations of,
2645s
Using Sawdust as a Fertilizer, 260.

Vacation Among New England Gardens,
A, 15.*

Van Gelder, A., article by, 208.

Varieties of roses to grow, II2.

Variety Records from a New York Gar-
den, 208.*

Vegetable Garden, A Long Island, 239.*
Planting Table for Southern Gardens,

A, 245.

Vegetables, cooking left-over, 19.*

Vines and Shrubs for Shady Situations,
174.

Wallflowers, 128.*
Walls and Piers, 246,* 247.*
Walter, F. A., photographs by, 112, 264,
266.
Ward, William, photograph by, 204.
Wardian case, 64.*
Water Garden, A Portable, 30.*
Lilies, The Best Blue, August cover, 4.*
Watercress, A Woman’s Success With,
60.
Waugh, F. A., photograph by, 151.
Weed, C. W., photographs by, 159,
204.
West, wintering plants in the, 118.
What to Do Now in Southern Gardens.
214.
“When Doctors Differ SZ:
White, Elizabeth W., article by, 208.
pine scale, 202.*
Winter Behavior of Some Plants in 1911-
12, The, 118.
protection, 150,* 151.*
Some Principles of, 144.
Wintering plants in Maryland, 168
Window Garden of Bulbs, A, r10.*
Wistaria, non-blooming, 203.
Woman’s Success with Watercress, A, 60.
Word of Appreciation, A, 208.
Explanation. A, 256.

AUGUST Among New England Gardens 15c.

1912 Perennials from Seed Annuals for Winter Bloom An Gia se
Wol XVI No. 1 Blue Water Lilies A Greenhouse Hobby Mee) Gs EES

DOUBLEDAY. PAGE & CO, __ me WORLD'S __

BOBBINK & ATKINS

World’s Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products

Our Nursery consists of 300 acres of highly cultivated land and 500,000 square feet of
greenhouses and store-houses in which we are growing Nursery and Greenhouse Products for every
place and purpose, the best that experience, good cultivation and our excellent facilities can produce,
placing us in a position to fill orders of any size.

OUR FORMAL ROSE GARDEN, planted with 5,000 Roses in 250 varieties is now in full

bloom. Everybody interested in Roses should visit our Nursery and inspect same.

EVERGREENS, CONIFERS AND PINES. More than 75 acres of our Nursery are planted with hand-

some specimens. Our plants are worth traveling any distance to see— we begin digging in August.
BOXWOOD AND BAY TREES. We grow thousands of trees in many shapes and _ sizes.
PALMS, DECORATIVE PLANTS FOR CONSERVATORIES, interior and exterior decorations,

Our greenhouses are full of them.
HARDY TRAILING AND CLIMBING VINES. We grow
them in pots for every place and purpose. Ask for special list.
PLANT TUBS, WINDOW BOXES AND GARDEN
FURNITURE. We manufacture all shapes and sizes.

OUR NEW GIANT FLOWERING MARSHMALLOW.
Everybody should be interested in this Hardy New Old Fash-
ioned Flower. It will grow everywhere, and when in bloom 1s

Hydrangeas in Bloom the Queen of Flowers in the garden. Blooms from the early

We have several thousand handsome specimen plants in bloom part of July until the latter part of September.
ready for shipment—they are grown in tubs—in different sizes—
we offer these plants—$2.50 $3.50 and $5.00. We shall be OUR ILLUSTRATED GENERAL CATALOGUE No. 25
pleased to have intending purchasers visit our nursery and describes our Products; is comprehensive, interesting, instructive
mspect them and helpful to intending purchasers. Will be mailed free

upon request,

We Plant Grounds and Gardens everywhere with our World’s Choicest Nursery Products, grown in our World’s

s, 2
Greatest Nursery. We have a number of superintendents and gardeners registered, open for appointment. Names will
be given upon application,

VISITORS, take Erie Railroad to Carlton Hill, second stop on Main Line, 3 minutes’ walk to Nursery.

BOBBINK & ATKINS
Nurserymen, Florists and Planters RUTHERFORD, N. J.

Vesetables and
Flowers

grow faster the better the
cultivation

Ames Plow Co. Va
Garden Tools

are made right for
the best cultivation

Send at once for Catalog No. 6 of Garden
Tools. Send also please your dealer’s name
and we will send you a beautiful Garden
Calendar Guide free.

AMES PLOW CO.

Boston, Mass.

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I BL ys im den write t
Aucust, 1912 MEISE GAGE DIMEN)” MVANGYAUZAIONG Rin in tietneaders" Sereice\for assisiance 1 1

AUGUST, 1912

Cover Desicn — BLuE WaTER Lity (Nymphea Grossherzog Ernst Ludwig) - - - - - - - - ~ - = - - - - - RW. Peirce
PAGE PAGE
THE Montu’s REMINDER - - - - - = = - - - - 3 THE SECRET OF A SALAD - - - - - (Mrs.) A. H. Brown 19
Tue Best BLUE Water Linies - - - - - - G.V. Nash 4 COOKING THE LEFT-OVER VEGETABLES - - - /da M. Angell 109
Photographs by the author Photograph by the author
Ripinc A GREENHOUSE Hoppy - - - - - John E. Sipe 5 READERS’ SERVICE = =) =)(= = =" =) =.= = = = =) —- 20
Photographs by P. T. Barnes
PLANTING A STRAWBERRY BED - - - - W.C.McCollom 22
PERENNIALS EveryBopy CAN Grow From SEEDS Photographs by the author

Adolph Kruhm 8

Be eer ohehee che author More THAN ENoUGH STRAWBERRIES - - - S. Hollister 24

ANNUALS FOR WINTER Bioom INpoors - MarthaH.Clark 11 RusH JoBS FOR THE SoUTH - - - - - Thomas J. Steed 26
Photographs by Nathan R. Graves Tie WMOUNGVLEOPLELS (CLUB) =e) =e er en se = 8

Tue Cuttp’s GarpeN - - - - - - - Ellen Eddy Shaw 14 A PorTABLE WATER GARDEN - - - - - - - -D.L. 30

Photographs by the author
A Vacation AmMonc New ENGLAND GarpeEns - Lucullus, Jr. 15

Photographs by H. Treth, A. G. Eldredge and others Dry FARMING IN SUMMER - - - .- -

Florence Dixon 32

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Single copies 15 cts.

Rosedale Specialties

While we grow a general line of hardy trees, shrubs,
etc., we specialize on Roses, Evergreens and Hardy Per-
ennials, including large sizes for immediate effect. Be-
lieving most people are anxious to procure the best, we spare
no pains to produce the

Highest Quality of Trees

A tree is no better than its roots. Trees, like horses, are of
little value with poor feet, no matter how fine the appearance.
A horse may be fair, fat and foxy, but will be worth little unless
he can go. In buying one should consider three

Important Requisites of a Tree

rst. That they are free from disease and insect pests. DIRECT FROM THE GROWER

2nd. That they have been trained to shapely tops.
3rd. That the roots are many and fibrous, as it is the Your
fine fibers which take in the nourishment from the soil.

The number of these fibers is greatly multiplied every time a tree is DUTCH BULBS TULIPS
transplanted. Now, if a tree is planted in the nursery row and left for a
number of years without transplanting, the top may look well, but the fine PLANTS NARCISSUS
feeding roots will be at the end of the root system, several feet away, and
will be left in the ground when the tree is dug for sale; whereas, if the tree HYA CINTHS CROCUS
were transplanted at the proper time, not only most of the roots would be
saved, but many new fibers would be produced by the time the tree was

ready for sale. Write for Catalogue

Trees are often balled and burlapped. This is well; but if there are few
roots in the ball, the tree may utterly fail just the same. ae

Every kind of Plant has a time and requires conditions most favorable for V AN BOURGONDIEN BROS.
transplanting: ¢. 2g. Jap, Iris requires spring planting ina sunny, location, in moist ground
on which water does not stand Meet these conditions and you succeed. e are as
anxious as our customers for their success and therefore supplement the catalogue in every HILLEGOM HOLLAND EUROPE
way in our power for those who send their problems early. Catalogue No. 31 on request.

Landscape Dept. S. G. HARRIS, M.S. American representative

63 Hamilton Place Rosedale Nurseries Tarrytown, N.Y. John Van Hees, Box 150, Chicago, Ill.

If you wish information about d
" apply to the Readers Serce THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Aucust, 1912

0S)

Plant Peonies in September

EONIES can beandare planted at any time during the spring and fall, but September is the very best time for transplanting them, and

if planted then they will bloom the following June; if large undivided clumps are planted, a splendid display of bloom can be had.
Peonies are one of our great specialties, and our list of varieties is the most comprehensive in America. We have now over fifty
thousand plants to offer. ‘SPECIMEN PLANTS — Of many varieties we can furnish large undivided clumps at three times the price
quoted below or in our catalogue. Immediate effects can be obtained by planting these large clumps. The finer varieties of Peonies
surpass the finest roses in coloring, form and size. They are absolutely hardy and of the easiest culture. They should be planted
in deep, rich soil, three to four feet apart. Below we offer a small selection of extra fine and good varieties, but can supply over
three hundred sorts. Our price list, the most comprehensive catalogue of Hardy Plants, Trees, Shrubs and Bulbs published, may be
had for the asking. Write for catalogue or make order on order blank below.

SPECIAL OFFER OF PEONY FESTIVA MAXIMA

Of this glorious white Peony we now have a stock ot over ten thousand plants, and to induce people to plant it in quantity we have decided to offer it at a specially low price. It is the
most satisfactory Peony in cultivation, and can not be surpassed either for cut-flowers or for decorative effect in the garden. Very large, pure white flower. with a few blood-red stains in
the center; tall stalks, beautiful foliage and very free-flowering. Extra large undivided clumps, $2 each, $20 per doz., $150 per 100. Strong flowering plants, 75 cts. each, $8 per doz. $50
per 100. Small plants 30 cents each, $3 per doz., $20 per 100. 25 furnished at the roo rate.

ORDER BLANK
To ELLIOTT NURSERY, 326 4th Avenue, Pittsburg, Pa. PRICES (6 at the dozen rate,

(J. Witxinson Etziort, President) 50 at the 100 rate)
Quantity Per | Quantity Per | Quantity Per
Wanted PEONIES Each doz. | Wanted PEONIES Each doz. | Wanted PEONIES Each doz.

..Asa Gray. Large, full flower, am ricated, beautiful form ...[fumet rosea. A splendid old sort, with deep rose-flowers; ....Tenulfolla. Sameas following variety, but with beautiful
carnation-salmon, powdered with carmine-lilac. One of one of the latest to bloom . $0 30 $3 00 single flowers. $0 40 $4 00
the best . $1 50].. Marguerite xernrd. Lovely lightpink, exc juisitely beautiful” x 50 _...Venulfolia flore plenox Deeply cut fringe! like foliage;

... Avalanche. Larg e flowers of perfec ct sha De, milk white, ..M. Martin Cahuzae. Large, purple red, shaded with black- flowers bright scarlet crimson; rare and fine . 50 500
creamy center with a few carmine stripe: late and very maroon; very brilliant, and the darkest variety in cultivation; Triomphe de Exposition de Lille. Large, jmbricated
free-flowering, splendid habit. A variety reat distinction extrafine . Se Sora 0 2 =a - + 400 *"*" flowers, soft carnation pink, with white reflex, carmine cen-

Coens On (Géldcn Crown Lorgeinbricntedtehita I 50 gps hE Varieties, unis mR e aS made up om pvarictics ter; very fresh coloring; splendid . , - . 100 1000
ont 1 r (Golden Crown -arge imbricated white of which we have not sufficient to catalogue s nc
flower, yellow reflex with stripes of carmine and golden contain the best varieties, but the quality is extremely gooc paca TGP Mary Kel, me pal rere guard petals, penony
stamens; extrafine . : : ° é : : : $0 60 600 for the low price quoted. Per 100, $15 20 200 pe Brees NR eee t aeiece tas Se eS neat

...Delachil. Large cup-shaped flower, deep am eect late- ... Mme, de Verneville. Very P vretty anemone flowers, very aca -
flowering; fine . 4 ‘ 35 3.50 full; collar of large petals, those of the center very es .. Baroness Schroeder. Ivory white. First-class Certificate,

...Edulis superba. V ery large flower of perfect shape; bea , 7 arnation-white and sulphur. sometimes carmine, extra... 50 500 R.B.S. «3 5°
brilliant tinted violet, mixed with whitish ligules; silver r 35 3'50)| -. Old Double Crimson, This fine old Peony is very ....Cyelops. Purple-crimson. First-class Certificate, R.B.S. . 30

..Festina, Similar to Festina maxima but dwarfer and smaller effective when planted in masses; one of the earliest to .... Duke of Cambridge. Avery handsome, bright crimson
flowers. Special low price per 100 $9.00 15 125 bloom. . Per 100 $16.00 25 250 flower; a superb variety; the very best ofits color . = 75

..Formosa. Pretty convex flower; sulphur white, SEEMS ¢ Madanie Buequet. Velvety black amaranth, coloring
lively red; very beautiful variety . . : 30 3000 verydarkandrich . : : : +100 10 00 JAPANESE PEONIES

SEGPER ssaiess;s(ohe/etsiejsis's]s[«/olelayaretelaleiehaiz)=colsterera(evetsie/e\etelelayelaretelelete les avefarevelerctcuavelelaleleratelerctetelnleietciore steietehetetekelereteletcieversscleletstusisveretsielels ....Double and Semt-Double. These are really very choice
s}sisis)ske)=/ajaialaie)ajsje)s\e}a\e\e/ef=|sia\e,eis(a.eleiejs(eveieie/oleleejeieleisie/siajeleis e\e(eje'slo.elelaieleiuleleniainlotevelmininioinie elovosahelsiehelsoLeis\aivscicy-ielsdonsiehc a olelehcol | oar | S/eicicasLbhe and distinct from vai ges srown in this country, and will
give the greatest sat! jor Per 100, $45.00 60 600
....Single. The finest Single Pesnies ‘undoubtedly come from
Japan. They are equal or superior to single sorts coming
from Europe costing three timesasmuch . Per 100, §55.00 72 750

We are Going to Start
a Building

department in THE Garpen MacGazine_.
Not exactly a department, either, but in
each issue there will be interesting, ac-
curate and easily understandable articles
on the building, furnishing, upkeep, etc.,
of homes not exceeding $12,000 in cost.

TULIPS, sta’bout

DARWIN TULIPS The kind of a pede oa ee always
| accompanies the well kept garden.

DAFFODILS, etc. | Stables, garages and other outbuildings

will also be included. ‘These articles will.
start with the September issue. We
would like to have you tell us of anything
| you would like to know about any form
Delivered free in New York, Duty Paid |. of building operations. We can _ help
| you with information about problems
that may be troubling you and we will
be glad to do it. We have made a
study of building problems and building
materials. ‘This service is free.

HOLLAND BULBS
HYACINTHS,

Choicest Selection of First-class Quality only

CATALOGUE FREE ON APPLICATION TO

ANT. ROOZEN & SON

Doubleday, Page & Company
Readers’ Service
Garden City, Long Island

Bulbgrowers

OVERVEEN, nr. Haarlem, HOLLAND

The G

arden Magazine

VoL. XVI—No. 1

PUBLISHED MONTHLY

AUGUST, 1912

J ONE DOLLAR FIFTY CENTS A YEAR
(FIFTEEN CENTS A Copy

[For the purpose of reckoning dates, New York is
generally taken asastandard. Allowsix days’ difference
for every hundred miles of latitude.]

Bridging Over the Hot Weather

HIS is the hardest month of all for

the garden. Yet it ought to be at

the height of its beauty and abundance.

Only by giving it plenty of water, constant

cultivation and an occasional feeding with

nitrate of soda or, better still, liquid manure,
can you obtain the best results.

THREE WAYS OF CONSERVING MOISTURE

1. Supply plenty of water at all times.

2. Cultivate shallowly and continually.

3. Mulch with lawn clippings or other
light, fine trash.

With plenty of water on hand you can
start a lawn even now. But you will have
to roll the newly seeded ground and shade
it with straw or brush. Birch branches
stripped of leaves are fine for this.

Clip the hedge. This is a shaping
process and should not be as severe as the
winter pruning.

Some say that August is the only right
time for planting evergreens. We would
modify and say that it is, at all events, a
very good time, provided the ball of earth
about the roots is kept intact and moist.

But a real and important planting season
is at hand. Begin to look over fall cata-
logues and make lists of bulbs for autumn
planting. Order them at once. The longer
they are in the ground this summer, the
earlier they will bloom next spring.

The oak pruner may begin his work
among the shade trees soon. The only
thing to do is to promptly collect and burn
the twigs that he bites off and in which he
falls to the ground.

Band all trees with burlap strips or some
sticky, weather-proof preparation, against
the gypsy moth and brown tail larve.
The burlap is cheaper and just as effective

but it necessitates a visit to every tree at
least every other day, to kill the trapped
worms. Or you can buy “ready-to-use”
devices.

Whatever spraying is needed by the
ripening fruits should be done with ammon-
iacal copper carbonate which doesn’t spot
or discolor them.

Thin the apples, plums, peaches, pears,
and grapes. There is no rule for this but
common sense. However some grape
growers figure that the average grape vine
can support one bunch for every foot of
cane, and thin on that basis.

Cut out the old blackberry, raspberry
and currant canes. The too strenuous
younger growths can be headed back a
little in the interests of next year’s fruit.

Herbs and Flowers

IEEE the flowers picked constantly,
pansies, dianthus, poppies and roses
especially. Do this if possible only in
the morning and evening while the sun is
not bright and the plants are fresh.

The best time to harvest vegetables is
just when you are ready to use them.
Next best is the early morning while the
dew is still on them (except beans). Wrap
them in leaves or moist cloths and leave
on the ice till wanted.

Try a sowing or two of corn on the
chance of some late mild weather. Gol-
den Bantam, Peep 0’ Day, Aristocrat, or
other very early varieties should certainly
ripen in time.

Bush beans, beets, carrots (to be used
when very small), lettuce, peas and kohl
rabi should go in at two week intervals.
Fall spinach had better not be planted for
a couple of weeks, but every year we plead
the cause of New Zealand spinach for the
hot weather. Have you tried it yet?

Late celery should be set out now. Keep
the plants wet and water the soil thor-
oughly as soon as they are set. An extra
early crop is about ready for blanching.
What are you going to use — boards, earth
or individual drain tiles? The best is
usually the one that you can get most
easily and cheaply.

Blight is the worst disease bugbear at
this season. Spray melons, cucumbers,
tomatoes — whatever plants begin to show
a dusty, yellowish foliage — with bordeaux.
If the cabbage worm is troublesome you
will find the best deterrent is lime, but
hand picking is really more certain.

Stop cultivating the fruit trees and
bushes by August 1st. Sow a cover crop
between the larger trees. For the small
and bush fruits, a light mulch of manure

3

to keep the weeds down and _ prevent
evaporation is better.

If you are practising a rotation of crops
in the garden, now, after harvesting a half-
season crop, is the time to sow rye, clover,
millet, oats or cowpeas for a winter cover
crop and green manure.

Plant a new strawberry bed now. The
plants may be either those that you potted
last spring from the runners of the old bed,
or bought from the florist or seedsman.
Treat them much as you would violets.
If you want berries in the winter simply
transfer the plants to larger pots and.
plunge them outdoors till fall.

Speaking of winter plants, it may be tow
hot to build a greenhouse right now but.
it is a great time to sit in the shade and
plan one. The manufacturers’ catalogues.
and back numbers of THE GARDEN MaGa-
ZINE and Country Life in America will give
you ideas for structures to fit every pocket-
book — from little six by twelve shacks.
costing less than $100 to magnificent,
ornate conservatories and glass-roofed gar--
dens worth hundreds of thousands. But.
the possible enjoyment is by no means in
proportion to the cost. Even a little
home-made, roughly-built glass house in
which you can carry over some carnations.
and violets and start next season’s seeds.
in February, is wholly worth while. It
keeps your interest alive and gives you
something to do in the cold, dark winter
days; and, besides, it makes you more of
a real gardener.

Don’t let the onions rot in the ground.
Pull them as soon as the tops turn yellow;
then clip these, leave the bulbs in the sun
for a day or two, and spread them out in a
dry shed for a few more days before sack-
ing or crating. Of course the little green,
bunch onions are ready to eat almost any
time. But you will have to plant sets
every few days to keep up the supply.

Gardening Retrospections

dpe is a good time to study carefully,
but leisurely, the arrangement of
your grounds and gardens. Comfortably
ensconsed on a shady veranda, with a
paper and pencil before you, and a tall
glass of a frosty, tinkling concoction from
the fruit garden at your elbow, you can
accomplish results in the form of plans and
determinations that are far more valuable
than whatever you could do struggling
out there in the heat.

What do you see that you don’t want to
see next summer; and what don’t you see
that you really miss from the garden
scheme?

The Best Blue Water Lilies—By G. V. Nash,

S° ACCUSTOMED are we to think of
water lilies as white or pink, or even
yellow, that we do not ordinarily associate
blue with them, and yet some of the most
delicate and striking blues may be found
among these aquatic aristocrats. The
color of the sky may be found in some,
while others are light or bright blue, pale
violet, violet-blue or almost purple. All
have floating leaves and the flowers raised
well above the water on stiff stalks, in-
stead of floating as do those of the com-
mon white lily of our ponds and slowly
moving streams. This habit of growth
adapts these flowers to decorative pur-
poses, making them desirable for cut
blooms; but only for the daylight, as they
close at night. Their best use, however, is
in the aquatic garden.

There are quite a number of blue water
lilies, but the following ten (comprising
both species and hybrids) are those most
commonly cultivated, and may be pro-
cured from any dealer in aquatic plants.

Of the more deeply colored ones, the
most recent introduction is WV. Grosherzog
Ernst Ludwig, illustrated on the cover of
this magazine. This is a royal flower with
petals of true violet-blue and centre of
golden yellow, its
large flat blossoms !
borne well abovethe ===

which are freely produced, cup-shaped,
and six to ten inches across, are delight-
fully fragrant, remaining open from about
eleven to five on three or sometimes more
consecutive days. Wm. Stone, another of
the violet blues, is not so intense as Zanzi-
bariensis, nor are the flowers so double,
the petals spreading out flat and making
of it a star-shaped flower.

Two hybrids, very much alike, are
N. Pennsylvania and pulcherrima, the color
of the former being the brighter and darker,
the sepals in both unspotted. Pennsyl-
vania has cup-shaped flowers, with ovate
buds, the flowers opening from eight to
five on two or three consecutive days. In
pulcherrima the large light blue flowers are
star-shaped, eight to ten inches across, and
the bud is more slender and conical.

Two other light blue lilies are VV. cerulea
and NV. Zanzibariensis, var. azurea, almost
alike in color. In cerulea the sepals are
thickly marked with black lines, the
flowers three to six inches in diameter.
In Zanzibariensis azurea the flowers are
larger —up to ten inches—the sepals
lack the black markings, and the flowers
are open three to five days. These two go
well together, for cerulea opens its flowers

GUIDE FOR THE BEST BLUE WATER LILIES

water on long stout NAME

stalks. It is a vigor-
ous grower, free
bloomer, and re-
mains open from
early in the morning
to late in the after-
noon, a very desir-
able quality.
Another of the
deeper forms, almost
a purple, is Vymphea

Grosherzog Ernst Lud-
wig 2

Zanzibariensis

Wm. Stone

Pennsylvania
Pulcherrima

Cerulea .

Zanzibariensis azurea

- . - Sapensis .
Zanzibariensis,anold C2Pensis
5 antes Elegans
friend. This is one Gigantea

of the very best of

New York
Botanical Garden

Nymphea gigantea, a species of Australia
and New Guinea. But, alas, it is difficult

of cultivation, requiring more heat than
the others, the least chill making it sulk

Nymphaea gigantea is the smart, attractive. all
round blue water lily, but it wants more heat than
any other

and drop its leaves. It is well worth a
trial, however, if you are equipped for the
purpose, for its azure blue flowers, with
golden centre, are
perhaps larger than
any of the others.

COLOR FORM ety DURATION OPEN Then, too, the flowers
last longer, five to
Violet blue Star-shaped | 6-10 | Several days} Early morning to late seven days, remain-
afternoon. ing open each day
Violet blue or al- | Cup-shaped 6-I0 days II-5 .
nigel Bened 3 10a y: | 5 from about eight to
Violet blue Star-shaped 6-10 | Several days! Early morning to late twilight.
| afternoon It is really un-
Rather light blue | Cup-shaped | 10-12 | 2-3 days 8-5 fortunate that none
Light blue Star-shaped | 8-10 | Several days) Early in morning to fthoebl,
afternoon on ee ue water
Light blue Cup-shaped 3-6 | 3 days Early in morning to _ lilies are hardy. This
noon need not really be
Light blue Cup-shaped | 6-10 | 3-5 days II-5 a drawback. for some
Bright blue Cup-shaped | 6-8 | 4 days 7-4 lay th
Pale violet Cup-shaped | 3-5 3 days 8-1 Oy Wan, e true
Azure blue Cup-shaped | 10-14 | 5-7 days 8 to twilight species, can be so
readily raised from

water lilies and has
stood the test of years. It is the easiest
blue lily to grow from seed. The flowers,

Nymphaea pulcherrima. one of the longest lasting

light blue water lilies. Opens in the morning

early in the morning, closing about noon,
while those of the other open about eleven,
closing at five, these two giving a continuous
daily flowering period.

Nymphea Capensis resembles N. Zanzi-
bariensis, var. azurea in the color of its
cup-shaped flowers, but is brighter, and
differs in having the leaves pure green
beneath, instead of bluish. The flowers
are sweet-scented, six to eight inches in
diameter, and open on about four con-
secutive days from seven to four.

One more lily, Nymphea elegans, de-
serves attention, for it is a native of our
own land, growing from Texas and New
Mexico to Guatemala, all other blue lilies
being of Old World origin. The sweet-
scented flowers are pale violet, three to
five inches across, and open on three con-
secutive days from eight to one.

No more charming lily exists than

4

seed that all who
will may have. The hybrids, which are
seedless, are more difficult to propagate,
and this must be done from bulbs or
offsets. If one has not the facilities for
raising these plants, they may be pur-
chased from the dealers at a comparatively
small cost, ranging from less than a dollar
to two or three dollars per plant.

RAISING FROM SEED

Sow not later than the end of February
in small pots or pans, covering them lightly
with sand. These should be immersed
in water at a temperature of about 80 de-
grees. Prick off the seedlings into three-
inch pots filled with rich earth, as soon as
three or four leaves have developed, and
keep them in water at a temperature be-
tween 80 degrees and go degrees in the sun-
light. Repot when necessary.

At the New York Botanical Garden we

AveustT, 1912

have found the following an excellent
method of procuring large strong plants.
A coldframe, about three feet deep, covered
with movable sash, is filled with fresh
manure, half barrels being immersed in
this up to the rim. The manure is al-
lowed to heat for three or four days until
a temperature between 80 degrees and 90
degrees is maintained at night. By the
middle or end of April the young plants
may be transferred from the greenhouse
to the barrels and continued there until
toward the middle of June when they may
be put in their permanent quarters for

Riding a Greenhouse Hobby — By John E. Sipe,

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 5

the summer, ventilating when necessary
on warm days while in the coldframe.
The blue water lilies which may be readily
raised from seed are: gigantea, elegans,
capensis, Zanzibariensis and its variety
azurea, and cerulea.

GROWING IN TUBS

The blue water lites may be grown very
effectively in half barrels or hogsheads,
immersed in the ground for at least three
or four inches. A kerosene oil barrel,
costing from a dollar to a dollar and a half,
sawed in two will make two receptacles.

The oil, of course, must first be removed by
repeated washings or by burning. Fill
the barrel about two thirds full with a
mixture of equal parts of well-rotted cow
manure and good garden soil. After plant-
ing put about an inch of sand over the
earth, as this serves to keep the earth and
manure in place. Fill nearly to the rim
with water, supplying the evaporation
when necessary, and occasionally flushing
the surface with a hose to carry off the
scum. The same directions may be fol-
lowed when tubs or other receptacles are
immersed in the waters of a tank or pond.

Penn-
sylvania

HOW A BUSY MAN HAS BECOME AN ENTHUSIASTIC PLANTSMAN AND IN HIS ODD MOMENTS GROWS A RICH VARIETY
OF STOCK FOR HOME DECORATION, SUMMER BEDDING, AND CUT FLOWERS.

A SMALL greenhouse in my backyard
is a perpetual source of pleasure to me.
and I want to induce other readers of THE
GARDEN MaGazINE to make a start. You
can buy a greenhouse complete, all ready
to erect if you want to, or you can follow my
plan and evolve it. The main thing is to
get one, and start a new and wider interest

A varied assortment of plants gives bloom in the home-built greenhouse ail the year round.

eo

in gardening. My house now is only about
fifty feet long, part of it is twelve feet wide
and the balance sixteen feet wide. In it
I spend practically all the spare time I
have outside of my business hours. I am
a druggist, and that means long hours of
work!

It was through my mother that I came

Asparagus Sprengeri above

ALSO FRESH VEGETABLES IN WINTER

to have the greenhouse; she is an old
lady with a great love of plants. Long
before she became so feeble that she could
not take care of the plants herself she
always had a window full. Her love for
each plant was so great that she could not
bear to part with one, and as the neighbors
were constantly giving her plants which

Carnations on the benches; geraniums, and an orchid with

6

she had admired there came a time when
something had to be done. Some of the
plants had to be discarded or some other
provision made for growing them as the
task was too great for her.

Our house is built on a very deep lot
and on the rear of it is a small unused stable.
The room was there and we decided to
build a small greenhouse to x 16 ft. to take
care of the plants while they were growing,
from which they could be transferred to
the house while in bloom. A local car-
penter did the work. It was placed against
the stable so that a portion of the stable
did for a potting shed and store room, and
the corner of the cellar for a boiler room.
When completed the geraniums, begonias
and other plants which were in the living
room of the house were transferred to the
greenhouse.

By doing a little work in the morning
before going to the store and taking a peep
at the plants at noon when home for lunch,
and again in the late afternoon when I
came home to dinner I was able to keep the
plants in good condition. I must also
confess that there was frequently some
potting done on Sunday forenoon.

I had not been growing mother’s plants
wery long before I became about as en-
thusiastic over them as she was. This
meant buying a plant now and then which
took my fancy, and I soon subscribed to
some of the horticultural trade papers,
and later THE GARDEN Macazine. The
little house soon proved too small, so one
summer several years ago I turned it
around, putting the end against the barn
and extended it until now it is about fifty
feet long, and divided into three compart-
ments.

I am growing a fairly representative
‘collection of plants. Among the foliage
plants I have dracenas, zanzevera, philo-
dendron, aspidistra, Pandanus Veitchit,
Asparagus Sprengeri, Phenix Roebelenii,
Chamerops humilis, Kentia Forsteriana, and

Washingtonia filifera. Some of them are
rather small, while others are goodly
specimens.

Most of the bench room in one house is
devoted to carnations. I usually grow

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

about one hundred and twenty-five plants.
I buy from some of my gardener friends
field grown plants in late summer. The
varieties which I grew last winter were
Winsor, Victory, Enchantress, Rose-pink
Enchantress, and White Perfection. Some
of the gardeners in the vicinity who are
trying their hands at hybridizing carnations
to get new varieties, always give me a
chance to grow their productions; they
sort of “try it out on the dog,” but it
gives me a very active interest in watching
new developments.

I am very fond of the common zonal
geranium and each winter grow about
fifty plants of the popular varieties. My
method of growing these probably might
not meet with the approval of professional
gardeners, but the plants certainly afford
me an abundance of bloom with a mini-
mum of care. When they are about
through blooming, I take off cuttings and
after these are rooted and become estab-
lished in pots the pots are plunged out-of-
doors in the garden during the summertime,
where they have a chance to grow. Upon
the approach of cold weather the plants
are transferred to the greenhouse and cut
back. It is not long before they start
into renewed growth and furnish an
abundance of flowers all through the
cold winter months. Old plants which
I wish to carry over another year are
usually cut back in February, and re-
potted in six-inch pots. They then are
tucked away in an out of the way corner
and given just sufficient water to keep
them alive until along in the summer
when they are started into growth again.

The pelargonium or Lady Washington
geranium, is also in my collection. I
usually have about a dozen plants. These
are cut back in August and started into
growth and furnish a mass of bloom the
following spring.

There are several gardeners in my town,
a couple of them being old country gar-
deners of no mean ability. We have
considerable rivalry among us as to who
can grow the best cyclamens. I do not
want to brag about my plants, but my
friends who have spent their lives at

The house grew out of necessity and has been enlarged to accommodate the owner's developing interest

AvGcustT, 1912

Only a few minutes morning and evening witha
peep at noon are given to the house, but it has be-
come part of the owner’s life

growing plants have not been able to put
anything over me in the way of growing
cyclamens. They are grown from seed
sown in August and they are usually in
bloom a year from the following Christ-
mas. There are usually about fifty plants
in the greenhouse in anywhere from five
to eight-inch pots. The soil used is com-
posed of equal parts of leaf mold, compost,
and cow manure, with enough charcoal
to insure good drainage.

There are about a dozen callas which I
have successfully bloomed every year for
a number of years. Eath bulb averages
about five blooms during the course of the
winter. There is never a time but there is
at least one flower, and most of the time
there are several. This success is due to
the rich soil in which they grow. It is
made up of one third cow manure and
two thirds compost. The bulbs are given
a rest of a couple of months during the
early summer; in August they are started
into growth once more.

There are about a hundred ferns in the
greenhouse, nearly all of them being the
crested forms of the Boston fern. They
vary in size from plants in three-inch pots
up to one mammoth specimen of Whitmani
in a fourteen-inch pot.

There are a dozen or so begonias of
various species to be found tucked away
in one place or another in the houses.
These amply repay me for the attention
bestowed upon them by their profuse
bloom in late winter and early spring.

The delightful fragrance of the flowers
of Olea fragrans pervades the greenhouse
for the greater part of the year I havea
specimen about four feet tall and nearly
three feet in diameter.

For four years I have grown a speci-
men of the Ponderosa lemon. I could not
resist the alluring descriptions of it in the
catalogues. In the winter of r910-1911 I

Aveust 1912

was rewarded by the plant producing four
fruits, each of which weighed about a
pound and a half. I was so proud of them
that I took them down to the store and
put them in the window.

For two or three years it was my custom
to grow several dozen plants of the Easter
lily; these were potted up as soon as they
came, put down in the cellar until the
bulbs had produced a growth about two
inches high when the pots were brought
into the greenhouse.

The freesia is indispensable; about a
dozen eight-inch pans are started every
year in July for Christmas bloom. Another
bulbous plant which is always attractive
to me is the buttercup oxalis. I always
have a half dozen hanging baskets of it
suspended from the rafters in the
houses.

The rich man’s hobby — the orchid —
has not escaped my attention. I have
had one failure; the ccelogyne would not
do well in my greenhouses. It was too hot
for it in the summertime. The thirty
cypripediums, however, have thrived. C.
insigne, hirsutissimum, Spicerianum, Har-
risianum, var. nigrum, are the kinds which
I have grown. I have no trouble in grow-
ing these since I commenced summering
them in a heavily shaded corner of the
greenhouse. One plant of insigne has
rewarded me by producing thirty-five
blooms at one time.

Cattleya labiata and its varieties, Mossie,
Percivaliana, and Trian@i, have all suc-
ceeded. I was particularly proud of one
plant of Trianzi which had four spikes,
each spike carrying five flowers. I have
only eight pieces of Cattleya. Two plants
of Dendrobium nobile can always be de-
pended upon for a good supply of bloom
each year. From my experience I believe
it is the easiest grown orchid. Another
orchid of comparatively recent accession
to my collection is Oncidium ornitho-
rhynchum. The flowers are fragrant and
are produced rather profusely.

In addition to the regular greenhouse

A few lady slipper orchids (Cypripedium insigne) are mest successfully gtown

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

plants, I grow from a thousand to fifteen
hundred bedding plants each year for use
in my garden. They include such plants
as china aster, salvia, petunia, ageratum,
phlox, verbena, snapdragon, stocks, lark-
spur, zinnia, coleus, Dimorphotheca auran-
tiaca, and Sanvitalia procumbens. Any-
where from a dozen to five hundred of
these are grown.

I have lettuce the year round on my
table; the greater part of the year it is
grown in coldframes out-of-doors, but
during the coldest months, a few plants
are grown in the greenhouse among the
carnations. The same is true of radishes.
Last winter I grew lettuce out-of-doors
in a frame all winter by means of the
double glass sashes.

I do considerable propagating. For this
purpose I have a small cutting bench three
feet square in the carnation house. The
sand is renewed each year, but in order to
prevent any danger from the damping-off
fungus troubling my cuttings, the cutting
bench is watered freely every time it gets
anywhere near empty with the ammoniacal
copper carbonate solution. I use the
regular formula as recommended for spray-
ing.

The soil in which I grow most of my
plants has as a basis a compost which is
put up every year. I get a farmer to haul
in several loads of sod from his pas-
ture and with it I mix cow manure, using
about one part of manure to three parts
of the sod.

To fertilize my plants — particularly the
potted plants —I use Wagoner’s formula;
it is cleaner and easier to handle than
the making of liquid fertilizer from man-
ure, and a barrel of it can be made for
about twenty cents. It is composed as
follows:

Phosphate of ammonia, 2 ounces
Nitrate of soda, 134 ounces
Nitrate of potash, 134 ounces
Sulphate of ammonia, 134 ounces

This should be dissolved in fifty gallons
of water for use, but I dissolve it in about

7

a gallon of water keeping this as a stock
solution, and diluting it down to the
proper strength at the time of using
— three or four ounces to a gallon of
water. The ferns receive a dose of this
regularly once a week, and the other
plants as often as I think they need it,
which may be once a week or at longer
intervals.

I do not like to say much about what it
cost me to run this greenhouse, for like most
people, I feel that such expenses are a
purely personal matter, but it really does
not amount to very much during the
course of the year. I burn twelve tons of
coal to keep my greenhouse warm, which
costs me six and a quarter dollars a ton.
The coal bill and the necessary repairs on
the greenhouse structure and its painting
are paid for by stock sold—the sur-
plus of what I raise. I do all the work
myself.

The street windows of my house always
have a display of flowering plants or cut
flowers, and I give away a good many to
my friends, but this does not use up my
supply of plants, particularly the bedding
plants, such as asters, and a great many
people come to me every spring wanting
to buy, and I am perfectly willing to sell
them such plants as I do not need. If I
cared to go into it on a commercial basis
I believe I could sell a hundred dollars’
worth of plants where I sell one now;
however, I feel that would be degrading a
very pleasant pastime.

This little greenhouse has brought me a
host of friends among plant lovers. As
soon as the local gardeners found out what
I was doing they commenced dropping in
to have a look at my “extensive” establish-
ment, and now it has become a regular
thing for at least one of them to drop in
on Sunday morning for a visit. Fre-
quently there are four or five, and we
certainly have an enjoyable hour or two
among the plants. So thoroughly am I
in love with this hobby of mine that it has
become a very real part of my existence.

Boston ferns, near the roof to get abundance of light, and Easter lilies with callas

Pinks are specially useful for edging or masses,

Flowers for two months

Sweet Williams give big effects more quickly than any other perennial

Perennials Everybody Can Grow from Seeds—By Adolph Kruhm, ox.

A DOZEN DEPENDABLE SPECIES THAT YOU CAN SURELY HAVE IN FLOWER NEXT YEAR FROM SEEDS

SOWN IN AUGUST — THE

ERENNIALS from seeds! Does the

term cause you thoughts of past dis-
appointments, of hopes not realized and
time, money and effort wasted? Then
forget the past and be assured that you can
grow them if you follow the suggestions
offered herewith and concentrate your
efforts upon the easily grown species.

The reasons why most people fail with
perennials are threefold. Part of the
blame must be put on the planter whose
lack of patience often upsets seed pans and
destroys seed beds before they have started
to fulfil their mission. Another part of
failure is due to the ‘“‘over-civilization” of
many of our choicest perennials. The
higher developed and higher bred any form
of life, the more difficult it becomes to
propagate that species. Many of our best
perennials have become so high bred that
they require the guarding care, eye and
hand of an experienced nurseryman. Lastly,
we forget that most perennials are children
of foreign climes and soils. Our rough and
ready methods of doing things in the gar-
den often do not agree with them and
through carelessness during their early
stages of development we are robbing them
of chances to become acclimated.

The list of perennials that may be sown
by the amateur with a reasonable assur-
ance of success, has gradually been sifted
down to twelve —the dependable dozen.
A peculiar point about many of them is
they have relatives among the wild flowers
of this country. This assures the presence
of a strong vitality and sturdy vigorous
constitution — the requisites for sure ger-
mination and long life. Many of them
self-sow freety and multiply rapidly of their
own accord, a sure sign that the climate
agrees with them.

All the varieties mentioned may be
sown right now into the open ground in the

place where they are to grow or in a seed
bed. If your garden soil consists of a
good, friable loam, no specially prepared
bed is necessary except that the soil should
be dug deeply and a big wheelbarrow-load
of well rotted manure should be incor-
porated into the bed. If you are con-
fronted by heavy, stiff clay, prepare a bed
as follows:

Get 2 bushels good, black soil from a
florist; to this add 2 bushels of leaf mold
and 1 bushel of sand. A bushel of de-
cayed wood meal from an old tree stump
added to this, is fine though not necessary.
Mix all this thoroughly with a shovel or
a hoe and then spread it in a suitable place
over the top of the ground in the shape
of a bed, size 4x5 ft. The amount of
mixture suggested above will cover such a
surface to a depth of 4 inches. Raise it
high enough above the level of the sur-
rounding ground to insure good drainage.
Select a partially shaded spot for the lo-
cation of this bed for two reasons: Most
of the plants named below thrive naturally
in partly shaded places and if you can keep
the hot noonday sun off the seedlings, so
much the better. Where peculiar condi-
tions oblige you to build your bed in a
position with full exposure to the sun, it
pays to cover the bed, after seeding, with
wet burlap between 11 A. M. and 3 P. M.

Level the bed carefully and place rows,
by means of a long, straight lath, 4 inches
apart. Into these sow seed as deeply as
indicated in the tabular record below. This
advice of ‘‘sowing seeds” put into a dozen
words reminds me of a saying of our es-
tesmed editor: ‘“‘Be explicit—it is the
thing everybody knows that nobody ac-
tually knows in detail.’” There never was
a truer saying than this, applied especially
to the sowing of seeds. A dozen different
people do it a dozen different ways though

8

MAKING OF A SEED BED AND REASONS WHY SOME AMATEURS FAIL

there must, of necessity, always be one
best way. Here is the simplest way to sow
fine seeds accurately:

Take your seed bag and carefully pull
open the sealed flap. Take the bag by the
edges between the fingers of your right hand
and press it into funnel shape. Take your
left hand and gently fold the flat front
portion of the bag so as to produce a sharp
crease in the bag. This crease should
extend all the way to the edge of the bag
clear across the flap you pulled back.
Then hold the bag between the thumb and
last three fingers of your hand, tip the bag
gently and tap it with the pointing finger.
The seeds will roll out of the bag as by
magic; one by one, slowly or fast, thickly
or thinly, as you wish. The little channel
you pressed into the bag, the slant position
you give the bag and the motion you pro-
duce with your pointing finger, do the trick.
Only a few minutes are required to get the
practice.

After seeds are in the rows (don’t forget
to properly label each row with a 4-inch
wooden pot label) you can cover them
two ways: gently push sufficient soil over
them to cover to proper depth or take a
sieve and sift soil over the rows. This
last method will, perhaps, do the work
most uniformly. ;

Now, be patient. Perennials grow slowly.
Keep the surface of the bed moist all the time.
Cover it during the middle of the day, as
suggested above, to prevent the hot sun from
cracking the soil. If by September 1st
the seedlings are large enough (from 2 to 3
inches) to be transplanted into their per-
manent places, set them out the distances
suggested below. They will then have six
weeks of growing weather to become firmly
established. A 4-inch coat of coarse man-
ure spread over them by November 1st

_ will prove good protection against severe

AuvcusT, 1912

cold without snow. Should the seedlings
not become large enough, cover the bed with
six inches of dry leaves, over which place
some boards to keep them in place.

Nearly half the plants mentioned below
thrive splendidly in shady places. All
‘stand transplanting readily very early in
the spring or, better, late in the fall. This
collection contains all colors, covers the
blooming season from early to late and the
fragrance of some of the flowers helps to
make the assortment nearly ideal.

PeEarRL ACHILLEA. One of the most beauti-
ful white-flowering perennials. The freely
branching plants grow about two feet tall
and are covered, from early June to the end
of August, with many double, daisy-like
flowers about one inch across. For plant-
ing along shady walks or among shrubbery,
it is ideal. Also fine for cutting. Un-
surpassed for groups. One of the best for
cemetery planting. A. Ptarmica fl. fl.
The Pearl, is the most popular and most
widely grown. No difficulty whatever
should be encountered in raising it.

CoLUMBINE is represented by a large
family of most beautiful forms, all of which
grow as ‘‘easily as grass” and are as “hardy
as oaks.” Aquilegias are among the first
to greet us in the spring, their delicate
brownish-red sprouts appearing almost
simultaneously with the peonies. The
plants are of semi-round compact growth,
over which the strong, upright flower
spikes extend almost two feet. Many
dainty small branches bear the ornamental,
long-spurred flowers in great profusion.
‘Content to thrive in sun or shade, making
no special demands as to soil, culture or
location, blooming for fully two months,
and offering a complete assortment of
colors, the columbines are one of the few
ideal hardy flowers. Splendid as a cut
flower, though not fragrant.

TICKSEED is truly the most popular yellow
perennial. Two characteristics render it
unique — the length of its blooming period
and the enormous quantities of flowers
which it bears in the course of a season. A
dozen well-developed plants will furnish
all the yellow daisy-like flowers wanted
from May until October. The finely cut
foliage of the plants is rather unassuming
but supplies a splendid amount of “under-
growth” in the herbaceous border. Core-
opsis thrives well in sun or shade and the
long-stemmed flowers make lovely bou-
quets — they only lack fragrance to make
them ideal. Coreopsis lanceolata, var. Harvest
Moon and grandiflora California Sunbeams
are the two strains commonly met with.

Larxkspurs (Delphinium) are about the
only really blue flowers of any consequence
in the herbaceous border. Of stately,
upright growth, they are splendidly adapted
for backgrounds, hedges, windbreaks, etc.
Well-grown clumps of delphiniums are a
sight to behold. From four to six feet tall,
with flower spikes two to three feet long,
they are highly ornamental and impressive.
Nearly all shades of blue have been de-
veloped. Sorts with single, semi-double
and double flowers are procurable and all

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

grow with surprising ease. When the
plants reach large proportions it pays well
to drive stakes around the beds, to which
the plants may be tied as a _ protection
against windstorms. The clumps should be
divided every third or fourth year. If the
flower spikes are cut off as soon as past
their prime, the blooming period may be
prolonged considerably. Spikes are ideal
objects displayed cut, in tall vases. For-
mosum, Chinese and English Hybrids give
all equally satisfactory results from
seed.

BLANKET FLowErs (Gaillardia) are safe
and sure stand-bys. Easily started, of easiest
culture, not particular as to soil and
position, they are absolutely dependable.
They like a sunny location best, however,
and make the best showing if massed in
beds or borders. Flowers are of pleasing
reddish-brown colors and are ideal for
cutting on account of long, wiry stems.
Gaillardias are constant bloomers and the
flowers last a long time after cutting. No
perennial that I know beats this for ease
of cultivation and immense returns of
beautiful flowers for a long period of
years.

BaBy’s BreatH (Gypsophila paniculata)
has a distinct mission as a hardy plant and
for cut flowers. Most plants and flowers are
of rather massive character. Here comes
a little stranger constructed along much
daintier lines — with airy, loose and open
branches and tiny, white, profusely borne
flowers, all on bushes not exceeding 20
inches high by 20 inches across. To
break the monotony of the herbaceous
border, nothing is more suitable than
Gypsophila, and for best effect a dozen
plants should be grown in a clump. It is
absolutely without a rival as a basis for
bouquets. A couple of branches of it,
combined with some long, stiff-stemmed
flowers like gaillardias, coreopsis, or Stoke-
sia, make a bouquet of charming simplicity

The knack of sowing seeds from the packet can be acquired in a few moments.

9

Hollyhocks really need winter protection. They give
their best flowers the second year

and elegance. Nothing is easier to grow,
but be sure not to sow it too deeply in
heavy soils.

Hottynocks belong in the same class as
delphiniums, so far as their usefulness
goes. Their place is the background, along
the fence, against the foundation of the
house or similar places where tall plants
are required to cover unsightly objects.
For best development, hollyhocks require
well-drained soil and a sunny situation
They are about the only “hardy” peren-
nial that really should have some protection
every winter — even old plants. No other
hardy plant ‘freezes out” as easily and
none other will better repay special care
and effort. Well-grown plants produce
flower spikes five to six feet tall. They
bloom faithfully, up to the last notch,

¢ §

Read the details on page 8

10

THE GARDEN

Perennials Everybody Can Grow From Seeds

DISTANCE

MAGAZINE

DEPTH
COMMON NAME is Son FO Ras SE Rea ae tee SSA AOnEAAD
SEEDLINGS
Achillea _,. z I its Zeit White June to Aug. | Borders, cutflowers
Columbine; $ 1 ft. 23 to3 ft. | White, blue, June to Aug. | Beds, cutting
yellow and
bicolors
Coreopsis i 6 in. 1 to 2 ft. Yellow May to frost | Cutflowers
Larkspur i 2 ft. 2 to 5 ft. All shades of June to Sept. | Backgrounds
blue
Blanket flower + Tait Dit Reddish-brown | June to frost | Cutflowers
Baby’s breath 3 Tit: 13 to 2 ft White July to Aug. | Basis for bouquets
Hollyhock * 2x it: 4to7ft All colors July to frost | Backgrounds
Campion Zn Toit: Bh it, Orange, scar- | June to Sept. | Border plant
let
Pinks A 6 in. 1to13ft. | Pink, white, May to July | Edging and borders
crimson and
red
Poppies $ 6 in 2) ft. All colors Orientals — | Borders and edgings
June, July
Icelands —
June, Oct.
Stokesia 4 a ft: 18-20 in. | White and July to Oct. | Cut flowers
light laven-
der
Sweet William = tft: 14 to 2 ft. | All shades of June to Aug. | Beds and borders.
red, white Good cut flowers
and _ varie-
gated
when they should be cut off promptly, for plants in this collection. The compact,

they are anything but pretty after their
mission is fulfilled. As the second year’s
growth produces the finest flowers it pays
to see that a succession of plants will
always furnish the finest.

Campion (Lychnis) is the most brilliant
border plant I know. Its stiff, upright
habit of growth and vivid orange-scarlet
flowers made it conspicuous everywhere.
Of easiest growth, unsurpassed hardiness,
long duration of bloom and absolute de-
pendability in all seasons on all soils, it
stands in a class by itself. L. Chalcedonica
or Burning Star is highly valued as a cut
flower while L. Haageana and L. Viscaria
are esteemed in connection with rockwork
or in front of the hardy border, growing
only a foot tall.

Pinks (Dianthus) are the ideal border

glaucous-blue foliage adapts the plants
perfectly for neat edges and borders around
beds, while from May until the end of
June, beautiful fragrant pinks, 1} inches in
diameter, transform the plants into a mass
of color. While pinks thrive well in any
good garden soil, they are very partial to
sunny locations and no more brilliant
object can be imagined than a solid bed of
these little fragrant beauties out in the
sunlight. Pinks appreciate liberal culture
and should be transplanted every other
year for best results.

Poppies, during their season, are the most
brilliant object in the herbaceous border.
The Oriental poppies thrive well even in
partially shaded locations, while the Ice-
land poppies prefer sunny spots. This is
the one perennial in this collection, requir-

AvuaGcustT, 1912

ing special care in transplanting. Be sure
that the long, slender taproots of the seed-
lings are placed again in a natural position
when they are transplanted into their
permanent places. A long, pointed stick
or a pencil for that matter, should be used
to make the holes which are to receive the
roots. Press the soil firmly in contact with
them and shade the young plants for
a day or two. Papaver orientale is as
hardy as a peony, while Papaver nu-
dicaule, the Iceland poppy, appreciates a
thin cover of coarse manure during the
winter months.

CORNFLOWER ASTER (Stokesia cyanea)
bears light lavender-blue single flowers aver-
aging four inches in diameter. With a long
blooming season, Stokesias combine long
lasting qualities after being cut. They
thrive well in any soil, but care should be
taken that the spot where they are to grow
is well-drained. The most severe cold
will not injure them, but as soon as ice
and water stand on them for ever so short
atime they are doomed. A gently sloping
situation is ideal for them and, after they
once become firmly established, they are
among the most faithful of all easily grown
perennials.

SWEET WILLIAM (Dianthus barbatus) I am
tempted to call the ideal hardy perennial
for all. Grown as single specimen clumps
or in beds, in long rows or as a border, it
makes a bigger show in a shorter time than
any other perennial of its size. When well
grown, plants average a foot across and
nearly two feet tall. The newer sorts
bear flower umbels of surprising size and
brilliancy. For cutting it is unsurpassed
and its lasting qualities in water are rivaled
by no other flower in this collection. As
easily grown as nasturtiums, as hardy as
an oak, with a delightful color assortment
and a delicate clove fragrance, sweet
William is the one perennial that every-
one can and should grow in liberal masses
in his garden.

The blanket flower (Gaillardia) gives its red-brown The fragile looking columbines are really as hardy The larkspurs are the best blue-flowered perennials.

flowers, from June till frost

as oaks. June to August

Excellent in background

Annuals for Winter Bloom I[ndoors—By Martha H. Clark,

New
Hampshire

A NEGLECTED OPPORTUNITY FOR THE INDOOR GARDENER—YOU CAN START NOW AND

HAVE A SCORE OF DIFFERENT BRIGHTLY

O GARDEN lover would dream of

discarding annuals from his summer
garden, but few seem to realize how much
wealth of color and fragrance they would
add to his collection of conservatory
flowers. Yet the owner of a small con-
servatory, or merely a modest window-nook
in a sunny corner of the home has in them
great possibilities for winter beauty.

There are four methods by which the
amateur can successfully make use of
annuals for winter culture. With the
exception of a few varieties in each case
(which I have noted below in each instance)
these methods apply to all the better known
species of annuals.

1. The first method consists in planting
a summer garden of annuals, and in
utilizing the self-sown seedlings for con-
servatory culture. This method has the
two-fold advantage, in that the grower
may enjoy a gardenful of flowers through-
out the summer, and at the same time have
an abundance of material for his conserva-
tory during the winter months.

It is also by far the most satisfactory,
and successful method for the amateur of
little experience. It has but one dis-
advantage, that in the case of some flowers,
such as annual phlox, petunias, etc., whose
prototype is of an unpleasing magenta hue,
the self-sown seedlings are very apt to
revert to the original type.

2. The second method consists in sowing
seed in the open ground by mid-August,
and transplanting the young plants into
their winter quarters before the first frosts.
This provides very nearly as sturdy plants
as the first plan, but makes much more
trouble and uncertainty. The seedlings
must be shaded from the midsummer sun;
whereas, in the first method, they are
protected by the mother plants. And it
is a fact that no seedlings seem to have
quite the vigor and general sturdiness of
those that have sown themselves.

In both these methods, there is the dis-
advantage of having to transplant. This
delicate operation in the hands of a novice,
may often lead to total failure, despite the
health of the plants that are moved. The
young plants chosen should be small and
stocky, and must be lifted with a broad-
bladed garden trowel that is large enough
to include plenty of earth with the roots.
So handled and cut back a trifle, to allow
any bruised or torn root-growth to estab-
lish itself, transplanting is easy.

3. The third method entirely does away
with transplanting; and where the plants
for the conservatory are to be grown on
and flowered in pots, is a very easy and
successful way to raise a stock of healthy
plants. By this method, the seeds are
sown directly in the pots in which the
plants are to flower. Sow several seeds
to a pot, labelling each pot carefully as to

color and variety. Then pull up the weaker
seedlings, leaving two of the sturdiest, or
in the case of a small pot, leave only one
plant. In the case of double flowers, how-
ever, such as double petunias, it is a
peculiar fact, and one little known to most
amateur gardeners, that the smallest
weakest looking seedlings invariably pro-
duce the fine double flowers, the ranker
growing seedlings being singles almost
without exception.

Five-inch pots are a very convenient
size. After the plants are a few inches
high, the pots should be plunged in the
ground, in a semi-shaded position. At the
bottom of each hole made to receive a pot,
there should be a layer of coal-ashes to
discourage the rootlets from finding their
way through the hole in the bottom of the
pot, as they will surely do if this precaution
is neglected.

4. The fourth and last method, is the
least satisfactory for the amateur, and
needs plant-benches, plenty of root-room,
and unwearying attention to watering and
airing; and even then, except in the case
of a veritable greenhouse and a trained
gardener, will result only in weak, spindly,
anemic plants.

In this method the seeds are sown in
midsummer, in the conservatory boxes or
pots and where they are to flower during the
winter. The disadvantages of this method
so far outweigh its advantages that I
merely mention it as a possibility. Strange
to say it is almost invariably the way
chosen by the amateur who desires to
flower annuals in winter.

Along in September he suddenly decides
that he would like to try a few annuals for
winter-flowering. Consequently he buys
and sows his seeds (generally ordered in

Mignonette seeds sown outdoors about August 15
will give flowering plants by November

11

BLOOMING PLANTS OVER THE HOLIDAYS

mixture) and: leaves the seedlings almost
as much to their own devices as he would
if he were growing them in the open ground.
He forgets that the atmosphere of a house
lacks woefully the health-bringing oxygen
and humidity of fresh air and dew. And
then, when the sickly plants have readily
succumbed to the first inroads of aphis
and red spider, he blames everything but
himself, and vows ever after that annuals
are “no good for house culture!” And
his friends who hear him must believe him
or there would be more winter growers of
some of our best annuals.

A few general rules in the selection of
seed, are as follows.

1. Buy only from large and well known
seed firms if you would be sure of having
your seeds fresh, and true to name and
color.

2. Do not buy in mixture but order by
color only.

3. In the case of snapdragons, stocks,
etc., where there are listed tall, intermediate,
and dwarf varieties, choose only the dwarf
or semi-tall varieties.

4. Grow only a few kinds at one time.
It is far better to make a specialty of a few
than to grow an unsatisfying hodge-podge
of too many kinds.

It is safe to say that all annuals that
may be grown in the open air, can be suc-
cessfully flowered in the house if care is
taken to provide them with similar con-
ditions. All, however, are not worthy
of a place in the winter garden, where each
plant must count to its fullest extent in
beauty and general suitability.

The following list comprises those that
are most easily grown, and that I have
found to be most worth while. The
numerous failures have been omitted, and
only those listed, with which any amateur
may reasonably hope for success.

Sweet Alyssum. Self sown seedlings are
the best. Transplanted in October before
heavy frost they will begin blooming by
the first of December, and continue all
the winter and early spring. I have
found the common sweet alyssum the
most satisfactory. It is very good for a
hanging-pot or basket, for as the plants.
grow, they trail somewhat, and are apt
otherwise to take up a good deal of space-
Flowers white, and very fragrant.

Snapdragon. Get the dwarf and inter-
mediate varieties of antirrhinum for win-
ter culture. They do best when seed is
sown in individual pots about July ist
and pots sunk in the ground; begin
blossoming in January, and last through
April and early May. The lighter colored
varieties are the most showy and effective.
Do best when a trifle pot-bound, and
respond quickly to liberal enriching. Will
not stand a.sudden drop in temperature.
Are also somewhat susceptible to aphis

12

and should have chopped tobacco-stems
placed over the soil from the first.

Aster (single flowering). Should be
treated as the above for best results.
Sown about July rst, should blossom by
early February. Are unknown to most
amateurs, being passed over in favor of
the double varieties. Are, however, ex-
tremely ornamental, with large daisy-like
flowers, in shades of pink, light blue,
purple and white, with large yellow centres.
They flower freely in pots, but need a
sunny situation, and careful attention to
aphis.

Balsam. One of the few annuals that
do best when seed is sown directly where
they are to flower. One plant only should
be allowed to a five-inch pot. In the house
they should begin to flower in from six to
eight weeks from time of sowing. The
striped and flaked varieties are unique,
and very effective. Need a great deal of
fertilizer to give best results.

Pot marigold. So hardy and tenacious
of life, that large plants can be lifted from
the garden in the fall, and will go on bloom-
ing with almost no setbacks if cut back
slightly. Their flowers, in shades of orange
and yellow make a cheery spot in the con-
servatory. Their worst drawback is their
attractiveness for aphis, and I have never
succeeded in keeping them entirely free
from these pests. They will stand almost
any extreme of heat and cold.

Candytuft. The white, tall-flowered is
the most valuable for house-culture. Self-
sown plants are the most successful. The

carmine, purple and rose varieties are
somewhat ragged, and do not develop as
full flower spikes. The old-fashioned
sweet-scented, I consider the most reliable
of all though not the most showy. But
it is easy to grow, and not susceptible to
insect pests. Self-sown plants begin blos-
soming by mid-December.

Larkspur. These are exceedingly beau-
tiful and satisfactory. Choose dwarf var-
ieties for house-culture. Seed sown in
pots and plunged in the ground August
2zoth gave blossoms in January, and the
blooming period lasted a long time. The
plants do not succumb readily to insects,
nor to sudden changes of temperature.

Lupin. Treat as above. They are
rather tall for house culture, but exceed-
ingly graceful as well as easy to grow.
Seldom seen except in the old-fashioned
blue shades. The newer hybrids in azure,
pure white, scarlet tipped white, blue and
yellow, and pale salmon pink are extremely
beautiful. Self-sown seedings are the earli-
est to flower beginning as early as January,
and lasting throughout the spring. Lupins
are rather prone to the depredations of red
spider and the air should be kept moist
where they are grown. They do best out
of the full sunlight.

Mignonette. Self-sown seedlings are best.
Or if you are anxious to keep the varieties
separate, seeds may be sown in the open
ground about August 15th when they
will begin to blossom about November rst.
Of the varieties I have grown, the old

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

fashioned, Improved Machet, Parson’s
White, and Golden Queen have proved
most worthy. The plants are not subject
to any of the greenhouse pests and can
stand sudden drops in temperature, but
need plenty of humidity. This is one of
the most trustworthy annuals for indoor
culture.

Nasturtium. The climbing varieties are
best for house culture. Seed should be
sown directly where the plants are to
flower, and a short trellis provided. Seed
sown September 4th gave first blossoms
February 2d. Blossom freest when pot-
bound, so three or four plants may be
grown in a five-inch pot. Leading shoots
should be pinched back frequently to in-
sure a stocky, branching growth. Stand
great extremes of heat and cold without
damage, but are susceptible to aphis after
being weakened by freezing. Under ordin-
ary vigor they are not troubled by any
insect pests except a tiny white miller
that is apt to appear if the atmosphere
is too dry. This can be routed by fre-
quent spraying with weak soap-suds.

Flowering Tobacco. A plant that should
be included in every collection on account
of its exquisite fragrance at night. The
large white flowers open in the evening
and are not attractive in the day-time.
Self-sown seedlings begin to flower in
January. A single plant will scent the
whole lower floor of a house. Should be
cut back frequently to induce branching.
thrives either in sun or shade.

Pansies. Self-sown seedlings can be
used, or blooming plants may be taken
directly from the garden and cut back a
trifle, when they will begin to bloom again
in a few weeks and go on blooming indefi-
nitely if the faded flowers are kept picked
off. This is by far the most satisfactory.
The most serious drawback to pansies is
their susceptibility to aphis, it being al-
most impossible to keep the plants entirely
clean. Plants may be crowded without
detriment to their blooming qualities, and
a shallow “‘flat” or pan filled with them is
a pleasing addition to the conservatory,
as well as providing plenty for cutting.

Phlox. The dwarf varieties are the best,
although the tall ones are very successful
also. They should not be crowded, will
repay careful attention, and can hardly
be given too rich a soil, the blooming
period is a long one if faded flower-spikes
are kept clipped off. The “star” type,
with narrow, pointed petals, is a pretty
novelty, and as easy to grow as the regular
type. The dwarf varieties blossom in
about five weeks from time of sowing but
the taller take from eight to ten.

Poppies. I have tried but one variety,
a seedling opium poppy of unusual color-
ing taken from my garden. But my
success with this first experiment has led
me to conclude that other varieties might
prove equally satisfactory. The plants
were more delicate than the other annuals
and had to be given the warmest, sunniest
spot in the conservatory. They did not
seem troubled by insect pests, and bloomed

AuvGcustT, 1912

freely. The seed, sown directly where it
was to flower, germinated about September
25th, and the first blossoms appeared
January 20th.

Portulaca. This is particularly useful
for hanging baskets, where they will re-
ceive the hottest temperature. The seeds
are now offered in separate colors, and
should only be bought in that way, as in
the mixtures, magenta shades abound.
Should be given a light, sandy soil, and
not too much water, and they will thrive
without further attention. I have used
a combination of portulaca and wandering
jew for hanging baskets with especially
good success, as the bright green leaves
of the latter screen the bare, somewhat
unsightly stems of the portulaca. Takes
from five to seven weeks to blossom, de-
pending on strength of sunlight.

Stock. These plants are the gems of a
conservatory collection, as they are not
only easy to grow, but combine decora-
tive properties and fragrance, with especial
value for cutting. The common ten-
weeks stocks bloom the earliest, but their
blooming period is short. I have had the
best success with the Cut-and-Come-Again
type — that blooms on indefinitely. With
stocks it is best to sow the seed in pots
plunged in the ground, allowing only one
plant to a five-inch pot. Seed sown in this
manner the last of June, will give plants
that will blossom steadily from mid
November till spring. There is now listed
a new type of winter flowering stocks de-
signed especially for winter culture, and
greenhouse forcing.

Sweet Pea. After many futile attempts
I have at last learned the secret of growing
and flowering sweet peas in the window-
garden. Get the “forcing” type, it flowers
in three months from sowing, but the plants
must have an even temperature at all
times. It is almost impossible to have
the ordinary garden type in flower earlier
than March. Seeds should be sown where
they are to flower, not earlier than mid
December. The little seedlings should be
protected from sudden drops in tempera-
ture, must be given plenty of sunlight,
and yet be placed in a rather cool spot of
the conservatory. They also need frequent
syringing with clear water to avoid the
plague of red spider. With careful atten-
tion to these details, and with a rich soil,
sweet peas may be grown successfully in
any sunny window. I have had equal
success with both the common and orchid-
flowered types.

Wallflower. Seeds should be sown in
pots plunged in the ground, and_ if
started in early July, should give blossoms
from December till April or May. The
early Parisian type is the only type worth
bothering with, for indoor culture, by the
amateur. It is very hardy, and not
troubled with insects, and is encouragingly
free of blossom. Put in a cool corner for
best development. Their especial value
lies in their delicious violet-like fragrance.
The clear yellow varieties are by far the
most decorative.

Avuaust, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 13

Pot Marigold Stock Snapdragon
Portulaca Nasturtium Phlox
Candytuft Flowering Tobacco Larkspur

A Few Annual Flowers That You Can Have Indoors During Winter From Plants Started Now

pities Se . ee! :

Mid-summer Work

4) PEwaSS pictures all say that it is possible
to have a garden in fine shape during
the trying month of August. For this is
the time when gardens often begin to look
a bit tired and used up. Just these facts
mean renewed zeal.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

Now is the time to add to the garden
biennials and perennials for next year’s
pleasure. Start a new pansy bed. This
will be one of next year’s profits; for
seeds planted now will bear. blossoms
next year. As the young pansy plants
develop, do not fear because of coming
frosts. This new pansy bed, lightly cov-
ered with a mulch of leaves, will suffer no
harm. Start a new sweet William bed
also, and next season have flowering plants
from the seed sown now.

Make wooden stakes for the tall growing
plants. The tomato plants, gladiolus and
dahlias will also need staking. Pinch off
any blossoms on the tomato plants, for all
the energy should go to the fruit already
formed and not to making new fruit. Try
to expose the green tomatoes to the direct
rays of the sun. Do this by picking off
leaves and thus laying bare the fruit.

Did you boys and girls know that if
you want some bulbs blossoming in the
house by December now is time to do the
potting? Pot some bulbs of freesias and
white Roman hyacinths. Bury them in
the ground or put the pots away in a
dark, cool cellar.

Remember to get contest material ready.

1912

AtGtstT,

A wood-yard transformed by a flower garden

Good pictures, complete records, and a
full story of your work, are the things we
wish for from you.

Be sure your entire garden looks neat
and orderly.

Begin to reckon up the results of your
work.

Roger’s garden has 130 varieties of flowers. while Mabel can boast of 100 varieties

A Vacation Among New England Gardens—By Lucullus, Jr.

CONFESSIONS OF A GARDEN GLOATER WHO HAS DISCOVERED AN ARTISTIC WAY OF
LOAFING, WITHOUT GETTING HOT, THINKING, OR LEARNING ANYTHING USEFUL

OR fifteen successive years I have
spent my vacations among gardens,
and, if I live, I expect to spend fifteen more
that way. Marooned in a raw, mining
town, where gardens and culture are un-
known, with August my only chance for
escape, and then only for a fortnight, I
work up during the rest of the year such a
tremendous appetite, for the mellow old
New England country where my ancestors
for ten generations lie in quiet country
burying grounds, that on the appointed day
I shoot out of camp, as if discharged from
a Krupp gun. The touring car has been
sent ahead and Seymour has telegraphed
me that it has reached the quiet old inn by
the sea where I first sniff the salt and take
my long-and-lovingly-anticipated plunge.
Then follows the best night’s sleep of the
whole year, and the next morning, over the
sword-fish and coffee I inquire, ‘‘ Well,
Seymour, where to, this year?”’

I spare you the flood that follows. My
cousin, Seymour Gardens, is, I believe, a
perfect guide. A perfect guide is a fellow
who knows it all but keeps still about it,
unless you turn on the spigot, and when you
turn him off, he quits. The one subject
on which I decline to be enlightened too
much is gardens. In every other branch
of human knowledge my heart’s fondest
illusions have been dispelled, but around
my own pet hobby I have built an 8-foot
wall of stone, capped with broken glass
and cruel spikes. So when Seymour gets
on a high horse, and begins to evolve
15,000 calories about landscape design,
quotes Ruskin, and talks about the “soul
of things,” I inquire heavily, ‘‘How much
manure did you say for that effect?”
Then Seymour looks off at the purpling
hills like a dying fawn and _ subsides.
That’s my idea of a good sportsman, a
fellow who has the technique but won’t
show off,.and will never peep a word of
“shop” after supper, if your eye begins to
glaze. Seymour is my guest, so perhaps
that is why he eats out of my hand and
agrees to the rule of “ Horticulture strictly
barred at meals.’ Such restraint is truly
noble, for Seymour is one of these editor
fellows, and a dilettante designer, lecturer,
and Heaven knows what beside.

Seymour’s idea of luxury is different from
mine. His greatest delight is to improve
his mind, and his idea of bliss is to motor
through New England country places
with a Bodleian Library in the compart-
ment where I keep insurance against dying
of thirst in case we should break down in a
‘desert. The first year that automobiles
were good enough he wanted to carry six
volumes of Bailey’s ‘Cyclopedia of Ameri-
can: Horticulture” and three of Britton’s
“Tilustrated Flora” so'that we could name
every flower we met, whether wild or culti-
vated. Another year he was crazy about

old trees, and he smuggled Sargent, Hough,
Dame and Brooks, and Rogers into the
locker before I could protest. Again, he
was so bitten by Wm. Robinson that he
could see nothing in nature, except through
the spectacles of the ‘English Flower
Garden.”” And one summer he got the
ecological bug, and was always getting his
landscape motives and garden themes from
some bog or “plant society,” and I got so
sick of Kerner, Coulter, and Barnes, I
made him sit on the back seat

My idea of luxury? Well, in the first
place, it is to cut all that. August is the
one time when I flatly refuse to think. If
I have to prod my brain fifty weeks in the
year, why shouldn’t I loll during the other
two? “On vacation,” said old Doc Walter,
“everyone should change the time of his
heart beat. Therefore, living in a high
altitude the year round, you ought to go to
a low altitude for your vacation.’’ Con-
sequently I assume an expression of ‘‘This
social whirl is killing me”’ and take for my
motto “Let George do it.’ Seymour
was forever sticking his nose between the
red covers of Baedecker’s ‘‘ United States”
until I got tired of being laughed at and
making explanations, and insisted on his
re-covering that invaluable work in mouse
color. Seymour has an insatiable appetite
for historical societies, oldest inhabitants,
best local guides, nurserymen, landscape
designers, and other riff raff which he often
dumps into the back seat for a day at a time.
But I snooze happily through the learned
discussions and thus escape the “taint.”
And I let the procession of Seymour’s
clubs, private art galleries, charming host-
esses, gardeners in overalls, genealogists,
botanists, and cemetery superintendents
flow along like a dream, eschewing with
equal impartiality those that interest too
much or too little.

“How, then, do we get along?”’ you ask.
Famously, because Seymour loves to stew
and the harder he works the more I rest.
No one can know the true joy and interest
of life until he has hung over a railing and
watched men excavating dirt for an office
building. I value Seymour for background.
He is always chasing in the hot sun that
ignis fatuus the ‘‘best garden ever,” while
I love to sit on a cool piazza and watch the
great opportunities slip by. And I always
win every time because at the approach of
dusk I am several juleps ahead, and some-
times find an interesting chapter in the
one novel I faithfully redd every year.
Seymour, on the other hand, always comes
back hot, dusty, tired, and in the dumps.

“Any good ones?” I inquire, as I brew
his tea.

“Same old story,’ he groans. “All
disappointing. Some good in spots, but
none as fine as they should be. The best
ones all miss their big opportunity.”

15

b)

After his second cup, I casually remark,
“Nothing worth going to this evening,
then?”

“Well, there was one little garden that
none of the experts spoke about,” says
Seymour. ‘We might try that.”

Good old Seymour! The first glimpse
he gets of a good garden he backs out and
saves it for me. Straightway he begins
to dicker for the privilege of coming in
the early morning before the family are up,
and if he can’t arrange to have the bulldog
muzzled, we have to go at dusk. For he
knows that two gardens a day is all I will
see— one at each of the poetic moments,
dawn and dusk. The time is long past
when I will endure August flowers in the
garish light of day. Scarlet sage and red
cannas at noon are as bad as the hot room
of a Turkish bath. The glare of the over-
head sun on white flowers makes my eyes
and head ache, in spite of orthochromatic
goggles. And the piercing discords in the
average collection of phlox in the average
garden fill my soul with turbulence and
rebellion. Nothing happens between 12.30
and 3 Pp. mM. that interests me, except a
siesta, the grandest invention of any age.
For there are no petticoats upon which I
must dance attendance, I have no dress
parade to attend, and I am not condemned
to do ten hours’ penance in the broiling sun
between licensed roadside inns, like the
unfortunate speed maniacs and gourmands
who are constantly chasing and escaping
happiness. All gardens are bad in the
midday of an American summer. All bad
gardens everywhere are good at dusk and
dawn. After fifty weeks of sordid prac-
ticality I wil] have my fortnight of poetry,
if it kills me. But it doesn’t kill me to
get up at dawn, and it never hurt any
hunter yet, and what is vacation for, any-
how, if not for siestas?

In the callow old days when we used to
stalk our quarry with horses, I used to
take gardens seriously, and our technique
was fearful, including midday visits, pom-
pous luncheons with owners of great estates,
improving talk, tiresome arguments, and
other horrors. But the worst of these
evils was the proud proprietor who in-
sisted on being showman. At first, Sey-
mour used to delight in trotting out his
portable Bodleian, to confute a bumptious
gardener or set down a chesty owner, but
that sport soon palled. I got my first
lesson in the luxurious art of seeing gardens
from Washington Irving. ‘‘Make it an
invariable rule,”’ he said (I am too lazy to
quote exactly and besides, my version will
be briefer, “‘zever to accept a man’s invita-
tion to see his place. Go there the next
day when he has gone to town, if you would
escape boredom and banality.”

On the other hand I am no sybarite, I
do not claim to have things down as fine

16 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Aveusr, 1912

Mr. John Robinson’s garden at Salem, Mass., before the summer house died of old age. O

n2 of the most artistic small gardens in any American city

AveutustT, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

A garden hidden by informal planting on the estate of Mr. John Thayer. at Lancaster, Mass. An early picture before the evergreens had closed in

A walled garden at Haverhill, Mass., designed by Loring Underwood. Foxgloves, larkspurs and. Farquhar rose dominant

18

as J. W. Elliott or F. W. Farrer. No one
but a born garden hunter or a gentleman
whose ancestors have done no useful work
for three generations can hope to compete
with them in the gentle art of carping at
gardens. I shall never write a book on
the Technique of Luxury. I do not even
recommend my methods to other middle
class persons, like myself. I write this
only to oblige my old friend, the publisher,
and to call Seymour back in time for our
next trip. For the poor fellow is in Europe
now with an acute attack of Italian gar-
denitis, and the only way I see to pry him
loose is to open my mouth, put my foot in
it, and make a few faux pas, jeux d’ésprit,
and pétés de foie gras. For, of course, every-
thing I say in this article is wrong, and you
can imagine Seymour’s feelings when he
opens this copy of THE GARDEN MAGAZINE
in the Petit Trianon. I am morally brac-
ing my feet now to prepare for his first
marconigram announcing his coming on the
next ship.

But to return. Off we go in the cool
of the evening and arrive at our garden just
when the dusk is changing magenta from a
“holy terror” to a fascinating color —
mystic, wonderful. Then we make the
rounds of the garden, and when the wire
edge of my appetite for color is worked off,
we sit where we can see the afterglow, and
smoke, and watch the humming bird moths,
hovering by dozens over the flowers.
Sometimes we sit with watch on knee
waiting for the precise moment when the
ugly little Virginian stock suddenly opens
its tiny batteries of fragrance. And always
we refrain from cigars until the first great
gust of odor is wafted from sheets of phlox.
As the shadows deepen Seymour never
barks. Even if every principle of design
and law of the universe is double crossed
and put through the ropes he doesn’t care.
And, if there is running water in the garden,
we are absolutely content. After a while
the garden gets so dark that we can see only
spectral masses of white, where we know
the snapdragons spire through the night,
and our souls float on floods of incense
conjured by that gorgeous enchantress

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE

(cruelly choked and tied to stakes by day)
-— the golden banded lily of Japan. Just
when we begin to see visions and re-live
precious memories, there is a mighty
jarring of chairs within the house, course
14 comes to a close, and the parlor as-
sumes a “party light up.” Then we
heave a great sigh, drag ourselves to the
car, and go back amid the stars and ozone
thinking lovingly of the coming night’s
rest.

I spare you the morning programme, for
I am not very “long” on Aurora and the
larks, and I wear thin rubbers against the
dew. But which period is the lovelier I
never expect to know. Seymour wrangles
by the hour on either side and marshals
his arguments like a dominie, even unto the
thirtiethlies.

I promised to say nothing helpful, but
I must make one exception, if only to save
myself from the reproach of consistency.
On one point Seymour and I are agreed —
never start on a vacation without a theme.
“And follow it?”? you cry, in dismay. I
never said anything of the sort. Joe Par-
sons, the master at whose feet I love to sit,
taught me my first lesson, in these exact
words: “Always hang your travels on a
theme. Never go merely sight-seeing, and
never start out just for a walk or exercise.
Whether you follow your plan is of no im-
portance, but if you have a theme, you
will have something better than everybody
else, and all the other sights will be added
unto you.” My theme is gardens. Can
you beat it?

Of course, Seymour and I may blow up
before the next fifteen years go by. One
year I got so sick of color harmony and Miss
Jekyll’s classic ‘Color in the Flower Gar-
den” being spouted night and day that I
thought i should die. The year that we
confined ourselves to seaside gardens I
now regard as a relatively monotonous
performance. Once Seymour had formal
gardens so bad I had to remodel the auto-
mobile in order to take in his titanic Triggs,
Latham, and ‘Gardens of Italy’? without
which he wouldn’t stir a step. Sometimes
I think Seymour is getting a little mellower,

Miss Kneeland’s garden, the greatest prize winner at Lenox, Mass., and famous
for its great masses of floral color, especially phlox

AuvGcustT, 1912

witness 1899, when we went to see all those
Colonial gardens and Seymour refused to
stick his nose into a place that was less
than too years old. But maybe that
was only an “off year.’’ For he certainly
had an “on” year when his phagocytes
were fighting the privacy microbe in his
veins, and I had to see all those walled
gardens, shelter belts, screens, boundary
plantings, tall shrubberies, and assorted
arsenals. Morevoer his photographic
mania increases year by year so that now
I have barely room for my feet. He even
squeezes socialistic pamphlets on gardening
into the medicine chest and sacred hamper.

But I think it more likely that the auto-
mobile will blow up before Seymour does.
Although he is armed to the teeth with the
battery of a pedant, he always stops short
of being a professor and he has a positive
genius for silence at the right time. The
only thing I really fear is that he will get
Roman fever from visiting gardens in the
day time, and then going right into the
house of a Boston blue stocking with letters
of introduction. Or he may get “nervous
pros” from shuffling his card indexes of
“where to go.” It is a wonder to me he
never got suffocated by the boa-like coils of
his own system, or sank out of sight amid
the quicksands of scientific management.
With the useless facts he knows he could
write a cyclopedia.

One nightmare I never have — the fear
that the supply of gardens will run out.
True, the list of places he will not let me
enter now runs into the thousands, and his
Index Expurgatorius would require another
car to carry. But the moment I get home
someone asks “Did you see the So-and-So
garden?”

oe No.”

“Well, you missed it.
ever.”

I suppose so. The biggest fish always
gets away. That’s the fun of garden
hunting — angling next year for the ones
you missed this year.

I describe gardens?

It’s the best

No sir-ee! But I

will show you some of the gardens that
interested us, if you like!

The famous garden of Weld, belonging to Mr. Larz Anderson, Brookline, Mass.
Designed by OC. A. Platt. Foxgloves and sweet Williams

AuvGeust. 1912

The Secret of a Salad

O BE at its best, a salad must be cold and it

should be made just before serving. Of
course, the ingredients may be prepared as long
before as necessary, but they should not be com-
bined or the dressing added until serving time.
It has been said that salad making is a ‘‘knack,”’ but
the secret to the knack is to have everything cold.
Each leaf of lettuce (the foundation of all salads)
should be thoroughly washed and drained, then
wrapped in a wet napkin and placed on the ice
to crisp. The vegetables should be cut a uniform
size and also put in the icebox.

French dressing is the easiest of all to make and
can be used with all salads, either with or without
the boiled dressing or mayonnaise. It is made of
one tablespoonful of vinegar or lemon juice, two
tablespoons of olive oil, a quarter teaspoonful of
salt, half as much pepper and a dash of paprika.
Some use a little mustard as well.

Mayonnaise is the most difficult to make, but in
my opinion is the most delicious and is worth the
trouble. Break an egg and drop the yolk into a
cold bowl, add a teaspoonful of dry mustard, half
a teaspoonful of salt and a little paprika or cayenne
pepper. Use a cup of olive oil and as much vinegar
or lemon juice as will be necessary for thinning.
Commence by adding the oil a drop at a time to the
yolk mixture, stirring constantly, and when it
gets so thick that it is almost a solid mass or ball
on the fork, add vinegar to thin the mixture; then
add more oil, just a very little at a time, until all
is used. It will take nearly half a cup of vinegar
or lemon juice and when finished the dressing will
be like thick cream. Some people have great
difficulty making this, as it is apt to separate; if
this happens, beat it with an egg beater and it will
come out all right.

The boiled dressing is made as follows: Put a
tablespoonful of butter and one of flour into a
small saucepan, and set it on the stove. As the
butter melts, stir to a paste, then add, a little at a
time, a small cupful of milk. Mix together a
teaspoonful of dry mustard, three of sugar, half a
teaspoonful of salt, a little black pepper, and a
dash of paprika or cayenne. Then add this to one
egg beaten thoroughly, and pour the whole into the
mixture on the stove, stirring rapidly all the time
until thick. Lastly, add half a cupful of vinegar
slowly, but keep stirring rapidly so that it will not
curdle. Take from the stove and, if necessary,
strain. Oil may be added if one wishes, but this
is really a most excellent “no oil”’ recipe.

For a Waldorf salad use an equal amount of
celery and apple, which will vary of course, accord-
ing to the number of people to be served. Take
one leaf of lettuce for each person, put them in a
dish and pour over them French dressing until
each leaf is covered, but all surplus oil must be
allowed to run off. Put one of these on each plate.
Take the celery (which, of course, has been soaking
in ice water or crisping on the ice for some time),
cut it up in half-inch pieces into a large bowl, then
break up the walnut meats (each half into about four
pieces) in with the celery. Cut up the apples (any
good flavored, tart apple will do) in half-inch dice
into the same bowl, and over all pour a very little
of the French dressing. Toss it around with a
silver fork until each bit has taken on at least a

THE GARDEN

small particle of the oil. Now add the mayonnaise
or boiled dressing, mix all thoroughly and heap into
the lettuce cups, spreading over the top a little
more dressing. Place at once on the table at each
place.

All vegetable salads are prepared in the same way
so these directions will do for them.

A most delicious and inexpensive salad is made
from fruit and nuts. The lettuce is prepared as
usual. Use one banana for each person, and a
pint of peanuts which, after being shelled, are run
through the food chopper to make peanut crumbs.
Cut the bananas into half-inch pieces and
sprinkle a little lemon juice over them to keep
them from turning dark. Add the mayonnaise
or boiled dressing, mix lightly, then cover with the
peanut crumbs, stirring all together until each
piece of banana is coated with the chopped nuts.
Fill the lettuce leaves, add a last bit of dressing
over the top, and serve at once. This might also
be made of oranges and walnuts.

Massachusetts. (Mrs.) A. H. Brown.

Cooking the Left-over Vege-
tables

ie IS a problem, toward the end of the season, to
know just how to cook the odds and ends of
vegetables from the garden that are too good to
throw away and yet are not enough or perhaps
not sufficiently young or tender to cook in the
regular way.

When there is a handful each of corn, beans,
peas, carrots, onions, and potatoes, we first put on
the stove those that require a long time to cook
(string beans, carrots, and onions), putting with
them a small piece of salt pork. We sometimes
add, also, a small quantity of string beans that are
large enough to shell. The carrots and onions are
sliced or cut up and when they are tender, a few
small pieces of potato (parboiled first), peas and
corn are added. The whole mixture is cooked
slowly until mellow without being mushy and is
exceedingly good.

With us peas and potatoes combined are better
liked than peas alone. And for this, any quantity
of peas will do, for the necessary bulk can be made
up of potatoes. We boil them separately and when
almost done the potatoes are drained and added to
the peas. Do not have too much juice on the peas,
for the result must be dry and rich and not watery.
A very generous piece of butter is added when the
vegetables are put together.

Peas and string beans, or corn and string beans,
or all three together, make appetizing dishes. Of
course the beans are cooked alone first and the
more tender vegetables added in time to thoroughly
combine with the beans. In this case, also, plenty
of butter should be added. Two other useful
dishes are creamed potatoes and parsley, and peas
and carrots, both of which are well known.

The excellence of corn and tomatoes combined
should be more widely appreciated. One family
I know of always cans the two together, preferring
them to each canned separately. Corn alone,

quickly ferments but acid of the tomatoes seems to

MAGAZINE 19

assist in its preservation. Stew the tomatoes to a
proper thickness, then add the corn and boil slowly
for about half an hour. [Fill the jars to over-
flowing and seal.

No one has to be told of the salads than can be
made with a bit of lettuce, onions, beans, cucum-
bers, tomatoes, peas, or potatoes. A little parsley
or onion can almost always be used.

Succotash, made of green limas and fresh corn,
unless carefully made, is disappointing more often
than not. The “real thing’? must have a sort of
amalgamated taste, and not be just corn and beans
cooked together, with each flavor distinct. We
get better results from placing the limas and
scraped corn in cold water and letting them
cook slowly. We add a good sized piece of but-
ter and a little cream just before removing from
the fire.

Excellent soups can be made from odds and ends
of vegetables. When we have irregular ears ot
corn we scrape them carefully, so as not to get the
skin of the kernels. Twice as much milk as corn
is put on to boil, and the cobs added to it. After
it has cooked slowly for half an hour, covered, we
take out the cobs and add the corn, cook twenty
minutes longer and then strain, if the corn requires
it. Flour and butter are rubbed together (two
even tablespoonfuls of each to a pint of corn) and
added to the soup which is stirred until it thickens.
Beaten yolks of eggs, put in the tureen as the soup
is gradually poured in, make it much richer

The ever useful tomato bisque soup we make by
cooking tomatoes until soft after adding salt,
pepper, a little sugar, and thickening. Strain, add
butter, also enough soda to reduce the acid, and
pour in boiling milk. Croutons are an appetizing
addition.

To make potato soup we put three medium sized
peeled potatoes, an onion and some celery to cook
in cold water. When broken up and tender we
mash and strain. A medium sized tablespoonful
each of flour and butter are then cooked together
and added. One cup of milk (or more) and salt
and pepper are added last.

New York. Ipa M. ANGELL.

String Beans in a New Way

REAK the beans as usual and wash thoroughly.
Into the kettle put a piece of butter about
the size of a small egg (for two quarts of beans —
more in proportion). Lift the beans from the
water in which they have been washing and put
them immediately into the kettle on top of the
butter. Add no water except what clings to the
beans. Cook for twenty minutes. If gas is used,
turn it quite low and do not worry for fear the
beans will burn. They won’t. At the end of
twenty minutes, add enough boiling water to just
show through the beans, and half a teaspoonful of
salt. Cook until tender, when the water should be
all, or nearly all, boiled away. Add a sprinkling
of pepper. It does not take any longer to cook
beans in this way — in fact, perhaps not quite so
long — and the flavor is wonderfully improved.
Massachusetts. S. N. A:

The “‘left over’’ odds and ends of the garden can ke put to very good uses

Readers’

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

AuvucusT, 1912

Service

O SUPPLEMENT the magazine itself we have established the Readers’ Service, by which the whole organization of the
staff of experts, with whom the editors of the magazine are in touch, is brought right to the door of the individual

reader.

All that is necessary for the reader to do is to send an inquiry by mail, and every effort will be made to give a

complete and satisfactory answer — by return mail, if possible — or, at all events, to put the inquirer in the way of getting

the knowledge sought.

Only answers of general interest will be published here.

This special service has been of real value to many readers, as dozens of letters testify. And it is all available to every
reader of THE GARDEN MAGAZINE upon request and without expense (although a stamped and addressed envelope for reply is

appreciated).

advice that the editors of the magazine can procure.
We cannot, for instance, undertake work that properly belongs to expert professional

There are some things we cannot do.
We cannot supply plans for garden design or for garden making or for buildings, because this really requires intimate

service.

Through this service each reader of THE GarpEN Macazine, therefore, has the advantage of the most expert

knowledge of the special conditions and a personal inspection; nor can we make complete planting lists for individual purposes.
We are, however, in such cases ready to give references to people who we think could adequately serve the inquirer.

We are always ready, however, to answer specific questions and to make suggestions regarding garden designs or planting

plans that may be submitted to us.

Transplanting Oriental poppies

What is the best time to move the Oriental

poppy? I had supposed August, but have just read
that the roots should not be disturbed during their
resting period, which is August.— S. W. B., Massa-
chusetts.
— Notwithstanding what you quote, we believe
that the Oriental poppy is best divided just after
blooming — that is, in late July or August. The
plants make a growth in the autumn; therefore
plants divided at this time of year will start and
become established before the winter. If moved
in the spring, they cannot recover in time to flower
the same year.

Perennial phlox reverting

What is the cause of perennial phlox (named

varieties, mostly red and pink) reverting to lavender
and magenta shades? I have between fifty to sixty
clumps growing in rich black loam, have tried bone
meal and nitrate of soda, but one by one they lose
color.— W. L. S., Missouri.
— The trouble with your phlox is unquestionably
the dying of the parent stock, and the succession
of volunteer seedlings. There is no difficulty in
maintaining phlox true to name if the clumps are
kept isolated and divided from time to time. Phlox
raised from seed true to name will eventually
revert to one of the parent types. There is such a
thing as “sporting,” which is the sudden develop-
ment of some characteristic not normal to the plant,
but it is inconceivable that this should occur con-
stantly. Be careful to keep the named roots free
from surrounding seedlings, lift and divide every
three or four years, and do not endeavor to remedy
the matter by fertilization which would have no
effect whatever.

Raising pecans

Is it possible for me to raise pecans on low, wet,

flat land (not subject to overflow but underlaid
with clay) which formerly had a heavy growth of
oak and hickory? How long will it take the trees
to bear a paying crop after budding or grafting
them on to hickory or wild pecans?—A. A. R.,
Arkansas.
— Pecans seem to prefer a moist, rich soil, al-
though they are grown successfully on a variety of
soils. In Georgia, a sandy loam soil with a clay
subsoil is considered best. Trees on clay soil bear
well and early, but the nuts are small. A writer
in Florida states that sandy pine lands will produce
pecans in perfection; while another, that they will
thrive on dry lands which are good for corn or cot-
ton. Pecan trees may bear a few nuts at an early
age, but paying crops cannot be expected under ten,
and full crops under twenty years. The annual
crop of each tree in full bearing is from one to twenty
bushels. A book by H. H. Hume, entitled “Pecan
and Its Culture,” price $1, would be of interest
to you.

When to sow peony seed

Do peony seed pods ripen in one year? Should

the seed be sown at once or in the spring? How
long before the plant will bloomPp—A. B. F.,
Massachusetts.
— Peony seeds ripen the same year in which they
are formed, and can be sown at once or in the
following spring, but it will take three or four years
jor the plants to attain blooming size.

Killing a poplar tree

How can I kill the stumps of several poplar trees
on my lawn? Two years ago I cut them down and
bored a 2-inch hole one foot deep in each stump.
filling them with saltpetre to destroy all life, but
they persist in sprouting — H. E. R., New York.
— Poplars are the most difficult of all trees to kill
and success is attained only by persistent attention
and the exercising of every possible means of sup-
pressing the growth. Never allow the sprouts to
get any headway; dig them up and root them out
as far as possible.

What makes a peony’s color fade ?

I have a fine tree peony which has bloomed for

eight or nine years. For the past two years the
color has changed from a deep pink to a faded
pinkish white. What is the matter with the plant
and what can be done to it?— R. N., Virginia.
— The change of color in your peony may be due
to one of two causes — either a sport (that is, the
sudden appearance of an entirely new variety),
or the growth of the stock on which the original
plant was grafted. In the first case, the remedy
would be to cut out the portion that is now pro-
ducing the pinkish flowers; in the second, there
would be no remedy, as the top is dead.

To carpet the bulb bed

Is there not some hardy perennial that might be

grown in a crocus and tulip bed without disturbing
the bulbs? The bed is on the east side of the house,
has plenty of sun in the spring, but in summer is
shaded by a scarlet oak on the south side—
G. W. H., Ohio.
— For a permanent carpeting plant for the bed
indicated, we suggest the mountain spurge (Pachy-
sandra terminalis), which will give a very dignified
effect. The objection to Phlox subulata, which
is more generally grown, is that it makes an extraor-
dinary blaze of color in the spring and while ever-
green does not make a perfect mat of foliage all
through the season but becomes somewhat lumpy
in appearance. It is an ideal edging plant espe-
cially where it has an opportunity to run on banks
or over rocks. Of course, any carpeting plant
over a bulb bed needs attention to keep it from
making too dense a mantle. Vinca minor is a
reliable evergreen, but its foliage is too dark and
lacks character, and the creeping honeysuckle
becomes an abseminable weed. <«

Address all inquiries to The Garden Magazine Readers’ Service, Garden City, Long Island, N. Y.

Why dahlia flowers fail

What makes the buds on my dahlia plant blast
during July and August? — H. A. U., Pennsylvania.
—Probably the cause of this is that the plants
have made an effort to flower before they have
a sufficiently strong constitution. They have
reached the flowering stage just as the hot weather
strikes, and consequently are unable to build up
flowers. This forms the basis for the strong
advocacy of late planting. If you do not plant
until the first week in July the plants do not
endeavor to flower until after the very hot days
of August. Of course, if the summer is cold, early
planting will result in early flowers; but in the
average year this blackening and failure to bloom
properly would be avoided by late planting.

Raising annuals to sell

How are annuals raised in a hotbed for selling,

and which ones transplant the best?-—L. B. P.,
Kansas.
— As a rule annual plants do not bear transplant-
ing, and the plan of work must be laid out accord-
ingly. Sow seeds in flats or drills in a coldframe,
transplant into pots or boxes when very small and
let these boxes or pots be the receptacles in which
you will sell them: they can then be knocked out
of the pots or boxes with the roots intact. Prac-
tically all the common plants may be handled in this
way with the exception of mignonette and poppy.
Annuals forced in the hotbed do not transplant
well, with the exception of zinnias and other late
seasoned kinds which require warm soil, but cold-
frame treatment is the best. See the articles by
Mr. Kruhm, now appearing in THE GARDEN
MAGAZINE.

The hollyhock disease

The leaves of my hollyhocks are covered with
brown specks and the plants seem to be failing.
How shall I treat them?—S. I. P. Connecticut.
—The small brown pustules on the under-sides
of the leaves of the hollyhocks are the common
hollyhock disease, which is one of the most difficult
diseases to combat. Some thirty years ago it
practically cleared out the hollyhock as a popu-
lar garden plant. Destroy by burning every plant
in your neighborhood. Refrain from any attempt
to grow hollyhocks for one year, and after that time
make a fresh start with healthy stock from an out-
side source. Thorough spraying with bordeaux
mixture from the very moment the young plants
appear above ground and persistently keeping
the ground covered with bordeaux all through the
season, may do some good. Tobacco is absolutely
useless. The Puccinia, which is the fungus causing
the disease, sends its minute, threadlike growths
throughout the entire tissue of the plant, traveling
inside. The little pustules seen on the leaves are
the fruit capsules, every one of which contains
perhaps thousands of spores.

AvucusT, 1912

THE GARDEN

- + The Readers’ Service will give y
M A G rN Yh, I N E suggestion on ewcarewah TIDE Q1

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“The Adventures of Bobby Orde”

“Tn one sense it is the finest thing the Grand Rapids novelist has done.
It shows a finer and sweeter knowledge of human nature than any of his
big novels of the lumber woods and of adventures by sea and land. He
has gone straight to the heart and motives of the normal healthy child,
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grownups and will appeal inerringly to every man who has not forgotten
his queer impulses, his bashfulness and his devoted friendship and little
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Illustrated. Fixed price, $1.20 (postage | 2c.).
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“Tt is full of adventure, and has a climax of absorbing interest.’’—St.
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Illustrated. Fixed price, $1.40 (postage 15c.).

“The Cabin”

“The Cabin’ has somehow captured the spell of the wild woods and
the brooding peace of the mountains. ‘The Cabin’ is gotten up in
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illustrations make you feel perfectly wild to be up and away to the
Sierras.” — Lexington Herald.

Illustrated. Net, $1.50 (postage 15c.).
GARDEN CITY Doubleday, Fe age & Co. NEW YORK

1. Plant bulbs of the glorious
Madonna Lily

(Lil. Candidum) the hardiest pure white

LILY, if you desire MATCHLESS bloom

next spring.

Large fine flowering bulbs Io $1.15
Mammoth profusely flowering bulbs -I5 $1.50 $10.00
Jumbo Bulbs a riot of bloom 25 $

Price Includes Delivery
2. sow

Hardy Perennials

to secure sturdy plants for your beds and borders next
spring. A SMALL outlay will repay you hundredfold.
We list only afew of the easiest grown, yielding the
most flowers.

PKT. PRT.
Antirrhinum Snapdragon .10 Lupinus Polyphyllus roseus .o5
Aquilegia, Columbine .10 Myosotis alpestris, blue IO

Asters Hardy Michaelmas Pansies, our ROYAL mixture .1¢

Daisies -to © Pansies _in 12 rarest Giant
Campanula Pyramidalis, blue sorts; the 12 pkts i -50
or white -10 Poppies Iceland or Orient-
Coreopsis, Golden Queen 05 alis -I0

Delphiniums, English Hybrids.1o Viola cornuta “Babies
Gaillardias, English Hybrids .10 faces’’ 10

The 12pkts. for 75 cents. We send full directions ‘(How to grow seeds
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3. Secure Early Forcing Bulbs, ,, ...

Narcissus Paper white, Giant flowers of satiny sheen. Large bulbs «I2 .40 2.75

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White Narcissus. Plant together and note effect. .15 .50 3.00
Roman Hyacinth, A mass of exquisitely fragrant pure white bells +15 .50 4.00
Freesias, The perfumed GEMS of our window garden. Large bulbs -5 -I5 1.00

ALL PRICES listed include free delivery

Fall 1912 Catalogue is ready. Send for it. IT IS FREE. Contains COMPLETE list of all seeds,
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Address H. H. BERGER & CO. ™ Waren St.. New York City

Department G. 26.

Make Farr’s Irises Your Friends

From March to Late November

Each year brings new wonders in these dainty flowers. A few
plants in a favorite comer of the garden, or a clump among the
shrubbery, will reveal a variety of forms, with marvelous colors and
markings that rival the peerless Orchids. Beginning with the dainty Dwarf
Irises in March your garden can have a succession of these “rainbow
flowers” until the Japanese varieties fade under the August suns.
You can have some of the rare kinds in bloom almost every month if you choose your
plants from Farr’s Wyomissing Collections. The Irises do not need a skillful gardener to make
them bloom, but to secure the finest flowers the roots should be set in August or early September.
The Most Complete Collection of
Irises and Peonies in the World
Year by year I have added to my gardens until now I have all the best German, Japanese, English
and Spanish Irises, and a collection of Peonies unsurpassed in Europe or America. My experience
convinces me that August and September are the months for successful planting. If you want to
know more about my hardy perennials — and I am sure you do — write today for
My Book “Farr’s Hardy Plants”
This is a text book on Irises, Peonies, Phlox and other perennials. | want to help you plan
your garden, so you may know the joys of friendship with these plants. “
BERTRAND H. FARR, Wyomissing Nurseries
643 D Penn Street, Reading, Pa.

If you wish information about dogs
apply to the Readers’ Service

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

Piano World

The painter’s art lies
upon the surface of the

world; he reproduces nature
as he findsit; but the musician’s and

piano maker’s art lies beneath the surface.
The rough material of Harmony, like the
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priceless beauty until refined and made
luminous by earnest, painstaking toil.

Kimball Pianos Result
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They are the product ot ripe ed

ood material and good intentions, an . t
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the difference between things made to SERVE and things
made to SELL. The makers of Kimball Pianos find it profit-
able to devote greater thought to the making than to the
selling, hence orders for Kimball Pianos are always in advance

of the production.

Our COLONIAL Style at $365. and our PETITE GRAND at
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direct at our regularly established one price. Very easy credit terms
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Beautifully Illustrated Catalogues Kimball Pianos, Kimball
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AuvGeusT, 1912

Planting A Strawberry Bed

Y PLANTING strawberries in August in-

stead of April one can have bearing plants
the next season, besides being able to get a crop
of peas, beans, early corn, etc., from the ground
before the berries are planted. The soil for straw-
berries should be heavy in texture. They do not
do well in a light, sandy soil; but whether your
soil be heavy or light, trench it two spades deep,
turning in a liberal quantity of manure. When
trenching, always remove a spit large enough to
give you plenty of room to work, and then throw
the top soil to the bottom of the finished bed,
distributing your manure as evenly as possible
during the digging. I use a wagon load of manure
to every 100 square feet of bed, but my soil is
extremely light and this quantity should be some-
what reduced for heavier soils. Virgin soil of
good texture would require only about half this
amount.

When ordering your plants be particularly
careful to get them from a reliable source; if the
soil has been shaken from the roots by the time
the plant reaches you, it is not worth planting, for
it has suffered a check and will not bear satis-
factorily the following season.

If you already have a strawberry bed you can
raise your own plants each season by simply
potting up the first runners that appear and setting
them in a coldframe where they can be shaded for
a few days and carefully watered. For shading
I use frames made of cheesecloth, which can also
be used for protecting seeds and seedlings, to
prevent lettuce from going to seed, etc. When
the berry plants are well rooted, set them out in
the bed.

LT always mark off the bed in drills before planting,
using a line and draw hoe, so as to guarantee
straight rows. Mark off the rows two feet apart
and set the plants one foot apart in the row. Of
course, this applies only to gardens that are to be

After setting the strawberry plants firm the soil
around them with the hands

cultivated by hand. Be sure that the staminate
and pistillate flowering types are planted in suf-
ficiently close proximity to ensure proper fertiliza-
tion. This is done by planting in alternate rows.
Use a trowel for planting and for measuring the
distances, most trowels being one foot long (six-
inch blade and six-inch handle). I put the plants
in a flat or small box, after knocking them out of
the pots, and drag this along the drill, setting the
plants as I go, using the trowel to space them.
If the ground is mellow, all that need be done is to
jab the trowel into the soil and press it from side
to side until the hole is large enough to accommo-
date the plant. If, however, the bed was prepared
some time ahead and the soil has baked a little,
loosen it when planting by jabbing the trowel down
into it several times where the plant is to be placed,
and twisting it- Always set the plants so that
they will be about the same height above the
ground as they were in the pot. Firm the soil
around each plant with the hand and then go over
the bed, treading down the soil with the feet.
Keep all runners removed.

Artitcial watering must at times be resorted to,
particularly after setting the plants. Give the soil
a thorough drenching and the following day, when

AuvuGeutustT, 1912

Peony-planting time
is almost due

and—

To think about Peonies is to
think about us

because—

We Grow Peonies

—Nothing Else

and that’s significant.

We offer the best sorts ov/y—guaranteed true to
name—and supply only established plants at the

lowest prices for quality.
“Our reputation has been built
Lh?

on the quality of our stock.
Distinctive catalog ready in August.

Mohican Peony Gardens
Box 300, Sinking Spring, Penna.

Gold Medal Paeonies

On June roth, 1911, the Mass. Hortl. Soc.
awarded me a gold medal for excellence of
flowers and correct nomenclature in present
and past exhibitions. No one can get a
higher award. All the choice varieties in
the world, and correctly named. List free.

E. J. SHAYLOR

WELLESLEY FARMS MASS.

We have one of the finest stocks anywhere

Peon ies in the country and should be very glad to

fizure with you on your list of wants.
Send for up-to-date price list on all varieties.
PETERSON NURSERY, Stock Exchange Building, CHICAGO

Mention The Garden Magazine when you write.

The Model Plant Support

For Tomatoes, Peonies, Dahlias, Golden Glow, Chrysanthemums, etc.

REPAYS MADE
THE COST STRONG
MANY AND LIGHT
TIMES OF HEAVY
OVER IN GALVAN-
A SINGLE IZED
SEASON WIRE

A Patented May 17,1898
\ PRICES:

Per dozen, $1.75; per 50, $7.50; per 100, $12.50
A Lighter Support is also made for Carnations
50 Complete Supports, $2.25; 100 Complete Supports, $3.50

Flower Bed Guards, Trellis, Lawn Guards.
For Sale by all Prominent Seed Stores and Supply Houses
Send for Price List and Cztalogue of ourFull Line of Flower Supports

IGOE BROTHERS °* gpg yen

THE GARDEN

Write to the Readers’ Service for
suggestions about garden furnilure 93.

MAGAZINE

vergreen 5 |

» ICE

ON’T be swayed from your
decision to plant some ever-
greens in August or Septem-

ber, simply because your neigh-
bor, or some one else, doubts the
practicalness. It is the ideal time.
We have been doing it with mark-
ed success for years. How about
some of Hicks’ sizeable cedars to
sereen an undesirable outlook, or
to give a touch of formality to
your grounds?

All evergreens are slow of
growth, so unless you are willing
to wait years for results, buy
Hicks’ large trees and get imme-
diate effects. Never in all our
years of business have we had so
choice acollection of trees for you
to choose from. Come and pick
yours out. If you can’t, then
send for our Evergreen Catalog.

a Isaac Hicks & Son
| Westbury, Long Island

Guaranteed under the Insecticide Act, 1910. Serial No. 321.

Save your plants and trees. Here is an insecticide that
will positiveiy destroy all insects—Mealy Bug, Brown and
White Scale, Thrip, Red Spider, Black and Green Fly,
Mites, Ants. etc., without injury to plants and without odor.
Used according to directions our standard Insecticide will
prevent ravages on your crops by insects.

Non-poisonous and harmless to user and plant. Leading
Seedsmen and Florists have used it with wonderful results.

Destroys Lice in Poultry Houses, Fleas on Dogs and all
Domestic Pests. Excellent as a wash for dogs and other
animals. Relieves mange. Effective where others fail.

1¢ Pint - - 25c; Pint, - - 40c; Quart, - - - 75¢;
4+@ Gallon, $1.25; Gallon, $2.00; 5 Gallon Can, $9.00;
10 Gallon Can, $17.50

Dilute with water 30 to 50 parts
For Sale by Seedsmen and Florists’ Supply Houses

Lf you cannot obtain this from your Supply House, write us direct

Lemon Oil Company
Dept. L. 420 W. Lexington St., Baltimore, Md.

Beautiful Lawn

don’t sod, don’t scatter grass seed
by hand. e only sure way is to
use the Velvetlawn Seeder. It puts
the seed in the ground —
not on top. None is
blown away or eaten by
birds. The grass comes
\ up uniformly and pro-
H fusely in the shortest
time. Enough seed
saved to pay for the
seeder. more beautiful lawn than
sodding at one-tenth the cost. No
matter how small your place, you

can afford to_have this seeder.
Write for letters from users,
prices, illustrations, ete.

VELVETLAWN SEEDER CO.
12 Columbia Street Springfield, Ohio

“Tt sutenly
do make
fine lawns.’’

_J. H. Hale, the “Peach King,” writes: “Tur Douste Action ‘Cutaway’ is a splendid tool. I use
it in polishing off my peach orchards several times a year. A good pair of horses handle it all right.”
7 The senuine “Curaway” tools are used and endorsed by successful orchardists from coast to coast and
ay to gulf.
In orchard work the driver can cultivate under the trees and below the low limbs, the horses not interfering
with the branches. The double levers give the driver full control of tool at all times. For regular farm work

the gangs can be drawn together.
DOUBLE ACTION

‘UTAWA ORCHARD HARROW

Every orchardist and fruit grower should have one or more of these labor savers and fruit makers. They
will positively pay for themselves in one season. To investigate is to be convinced.

Thorough cultivation makes large crops. Stirring the soil lets in the air, sunshine and newlife, and kills
foul vegetation. The ‘‘Curaway”’ disk slices, stirs, lifts, twists and aerates the soil. CLARK’s “CUTAWAY”
Toots run lighter anddo better work than any other'machine. Lasts a lifetime.

Send today for newcatalog. “‘Jutenstve Cultivation.’ Of course, it’s free.

CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY
902 MAIN STREET HIGGANUM. CONNECTICUT

The Readers’ Service gives
information about insurance

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

AlucustT, 1912

A Greenhouse Will Give
You a Tropical Garden
365 Days in the Year

OU can grow the choicer palms—
the wondrously beautiful orchids

and the countless lovely flowering
plants that thrive so luxuriantly in just
the ideal conditions made possible in
our greenhouses.

In fact you can grow practically any-
thing you want to grow, almost any time
you want to grow it.

Send for our catalog. It shows and
describes 50 or more greenhouses for
different wants and different purses.

Hitchings & Co.

Write to our main office at
800 Louisa Street, Elizabeth, N. J.
Or call at our New York Office
1170 Broadway

ILLETT’S

HARDY FERNS AND FLOWERS
For Dark, Shady Places

Buy your Fall Bulbs now. We have Lilies,
Trilliums, Erythroniums, Claytonias and
many others.

Send for our descriptive catalogue of over
80 pages, which tells all about our Plants
and Bulbs. It’s FREE.

EDWARD GILLETT, Box F, Southwick, Mass.

Did Your Berries

Pay Expenses This Year?

Tf you had common varieties, and gave

the plants extra good care, maybe you
rade a little money— but you worked
nighty hard for it, didn’t you? Why not
make more money next year, with less work?
You can if you plant the right kinds—those
I tell about in my “Berry Book.” Seven
hundred dollars has been made from one
acre of my plants! You will save one year
by planting Berries this fall. The soil works
easier ncw than in spring: the
plants will be rooted and ready
to start early next spring,
which means strong growth in
hot weather, and

Berrydale Plants Set This Fall

year p
Golden Drop Gooseberry. big as a Richmond cherry,
‘Thin, yellow skin. Flavor rich and sweet. Plants
strong and compact. Fruit ripens latter part of June,
Mitting’s WhinhamsGooseberry. The largest Gooseberry
known. Creamy green when ready for market: deep
red if left to ripen on bush,
Write today for my Berry book,
and get ready to make some money
next summer.
A, MITTING, Proprictor
Berrydale Experiment Gardens

tarden Avenue
Molland, Mich,

the surface has dried sufficiently, give deep culti-
vation.

Every year I plant ten rows of berries 100
feet long —about 1,000 plants—and by plac-
ing the new plantings alongside of the old beds,
they can be worked more economically. I always
have three beds in bearing. I throw out a bed
after it has produced a crop for three years; after
a bed has been in use for two years T let the first
runners root, so that the oldest bed gives me the
largest quantity of berries, although they are
not quite of the same high quality as those pro-
duced by the two newer beds. A bed of this size

Put bell glasses over some of the plants to force
them into early bearing

is sufficient for a family of twelve; four people
could be plentifully supplied from 4oo plants set
out each year, which would give 1,200 bearing
plants at the end of three years.

I believe it is a good plan for every gardener to
have a few bell glasses to place over some of the
largest plants, so that they can be forced to provide
a few berries two or three weeks earlier than the
regular crop.

A great deal depends upon the proper care of the
strawberry bed. Cultivate it frequently, keep
the runners removed, and in extremely dry weather
water it thoroughly.

As to varieties, I would advise growing such
varieties as have proved successful in your locality.
Try some of the more promising of the new ones,
if you like, but for the greater part of your bed use
the same varieties that your neighbor is success-
fully growing.

Mulch the bed in fall, but wait until the soil
has frozen a little. This prevents the constant
freezing and thawing, and if you use a good quality
of manure it prevents the bed from running down
and producing poor berries. In spring I turn the
mulch right under between the plants.

After applying the mulch, which should be kept
from direct contact with the plants, I cover the
beds with a light covering of meadow hay or rye
straw. The common mistake is to use too much
of this; just a light covering is all that is required.
Over this lay some pea brush to keep it from
blowing away.

New York.

W. C. McCottom.

More Than Enough Strawberries

E HAD only a small bed, but picked more

fruit than we could use,” said a friend.
Where is there a family that would not like to be in
this predicament?

There is probably no fruit crop that will return
so much money in so short a time as strawherries
if one is near a good market.

August presents the last opportunity for getting
such a gold mine, and if you have a square yard of
idle soil, take my advice and set strawberries.
There is no single crop which has so universally
succeeded under all conditions of soij, skill, experi-
ence, climate and locality as the strawberry. Set
now and watched, to keep dry weather and weeds
at bay, the fruit next spring should be abundant.
However small the bed, skill and understanding,
of course, must accompany the setting.

Let the soil be rich, and naturally well drained

Last Call
on

Dutch Bulbs

Direct from Holland

For best results—and moderate cost —deal
direct with the Holland growers of the high-
est grade Bulbs.

The best Dutch Bulbs you can buy, solid, spotless
and full of vitality —sent direct to you in original
packages at the same prices that you would have to
pay for inferior bulbs.

Write for our 1912 Catalog to-day—- prove our bulbs
by actual test and you will never be satisfied with
any others.

Gt. van Waveren & Kruijff
American Branch House, 140 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, Pa.
LOUIS BERGER, Manager

Home Nurseries, Sassenheim, Holland. Other Branches
in Russia, Argentine Republic, Germany
England, Sweden.

Pot-Grown
Strawberry

| Lovett’s Plants

set out this month will give you a
full crop of fine berries next June.

Two Wonderful New Varieties

Five best EVERBEARING sorts, and 25
good old kinds are described and pictured
in my Strawberry Booklet, with full cultural
directions. Write for a free copy to-day.

J. T. LOVETT
MONMOUTH NURSERY, Box 125, LITTLE SILVER, N. J.

WIZARD Brand Pulverized Sheep Manure
is wonderfully effective—economical and con-
venient—superior to bone or chemicals for home
fertilizing. It makes

A Beautiful
LAWN and GARDEN

because it is nature’s best fertilizer in
concentrated form—is unequalled for
lawns — flowers — vegetables — trees —
fruits—meadow and grain land.

per large barrel freight
paid east of Omaha—cash
f _. withorder. Ask for quantity
prices and interesting booklet.

The Pulverized Manure Co.
19 Union Stock Yards Chicago ©&
Wizard Brand is sold by first-class seedsmen. —

was acontracting carpenter. Today he owns the
finest ten acre vegetable farmin his neighborhood,
} and is clearing more than $2,000 a year. :

His own complete story how he grows, what he
grows and how he markets is told in a book we give
you free. There is one item that he tells about,

| that alone will save you $10.00 in money. He shows
how to build a greenhouse at a cost of $100. Send
H us 25 cents for 6 months’ trial subscription to ‘‘The

Foss. years ago J.E. Butler of Lewiston, Idaho,

! Vegetable Grower’’and this book will be sent you free.
This is the only paper published for the vege-

table grower by vegetable growers. It prints
scientific matter broad enough to interest and assist
not only commercial vegetable growers but the
} farm gardener as well. It has also a department
for small fruits and flowers.
This paper is going to be the guide of every vegetable grower
in America. Send 25 cents today, stamps or silver.

The Vegetable Grower, 1208 Boyce Bldg., Chicago, Ill.

AucustT, 1912

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE

_ The Readers’ Service gives >
information about investments <o

Under this heading are printed advertisements offering furnishings, materials and equipment for your home that will add to its comfort and

convenience.

Genasco

THE TRINIDAD- OOF is
Ready R

Are you tired of ving
ing with leaky roofs?

Lay Genasco — made of
Nature’s everlasting water-
proofer. It is leak-proof to
stay. The Good Roof Guide
Book tells you why.

Write for this Book and

samples—free.

The Kant-leak Kleet
for smooth-surface roof-
ings, prevents nail-leaks,

The Barber Asphalt Paving Company

Largest producers of asphalt, and largest
maaufacturers of ready roofing in the world.

Philadelphia

San Francisco

New York Chicago

==, L 00K OUT
FOR SPARKS

No more danger or damage from flying
sparks. No more poorly fitted, flimsy fire-
place screens. Send for free booklet
“Sparks from the Fire-side.’”’ It tells about
the best kind of a spark guard for yourin-
dividual fireplace. Write to-day for free
booklet and make your plans early.

The Syracuse Wire Works

107 University Avenue, » Syracuse, N. Y.

NEPONSET PAROID ROOFING

was selected by the United States Government
experts for use on the Panama Canal Work

F. W. BIRD & SON, Zs?. 7795, 224B Neponset St., E. Walpole, Mass.
New York Chicago Washington Portland, Ore.

Tron Railings, Wire Fences and Entrance
Gates of all designs and for all purposes.
Correspondence solicited: Catalogs furnished.

Tennis Court Enclosures, Unclimbable Wire Mesh
and Spiral Netting (Chain Link) Fences for Estate
Boundaries and Industrial Properties—Lawn Furni-
ture—Stable Fittings.

F. E. CARPENTER CO.,

253 Broadway
New York City

These advertisements may be depended upon as being trustworthy.
building and furnishing of your home THE GARDEN MaGAzINE READERS’

«for ihe are withan caee to succeed”’

16 oz. or 21 oz. Head— WHICH?

$1.50 at your dealer’s

or from us, delivery prepaid.
Wo ten times more than the common
hammer — costs three times more to make.

DOUBLE CLAW HAMMER CO.

453 Broadway

START Brooklyn, N. Y.

OUT

KILLED BY SCIENCE
DANYSZ VIRUS is a

RA I Bacteriological Preparation

AND NOT A POISON—Harmless to Animals other than
mouse-like rodents. Rodents die in the open. Fora small house, 1
tube, 75c; ordinary dwelling, 3 tubes, $1.75; larger place—for each
5,000 sq. ft. floor space, use 1 dozen, $6.00. Send now.

Independent Chemical Company 72 Front Street, New York

Rowe’s Gloucester Bed Hammock

Gives continuous outdoor service for ten years.

Stronger and more durable
than any other.

Genuine bears our silk name label.
Send for Booklet

E. L. Rowe & Son, Inc., 138 Duncan St., Gloucester, Mass.

Your copy of our new Catalog is waiting
to be mailed to you. Shall we send it?

J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY
The Factory of Precision Dept. 282, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

Send for Our Free Book on Home Refrigeration

It tells you how to keep your food sweet and wholesome—
how to cut down ice bills. It is packed with money saving

hints, and every housewife and home owner should have one.
MONROE REFRIGERATOR COMPANY, Station 13, Lockland, Ohio

Tested, Proved Reliable
by forty-four years’ use in nearly all
parts of the world. Many men earn
big incomes with some one of our
59 styles and sizes. They use any power

for drilling earth, rock and for mineral
prospecting. Large catalog No. 120, Free.

THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS
General Office and Works:
AURORA, ILL.

Chicago Office: First National Bank Bldg.

elas I= =1= I=

If you want any
SERVICE, Garden City,

further information about the
New York, will gladly supply it.

| Modern Sleeping Porch filted with ‘Wilson’s s Blinds

Practically makes an Outdoor room of the ordi-
nary porch; a room at night, a porch by day.

WILSON’S VENETIANS

for outside and inside of town and country
houses; very durable, convenient and artistic.

Special Outside Venetians

most pracucal and weil
form of Venetian yet

vised for porches Sal

windows; excludes the

4 sun; admits the breeze.
Writeifar Venetian

Catalogue No. 4.

Orders should be placed now

for Summer Delivery

| Jas. G. Wilson Mfg. Co.

land 3 W. 29th St., New York

7 _ Also inside Venetians, Rolling

Partitions, Rolling Steel Shut.

ters, Burglar and Fireproof

Steel Cartains, Wood Block
Floors.

Exclusive fabrics
of soft, selected
_ camel’ shairwoven

Made-to-order
rugs for porch,
bungalow or
Summer
home

z me pure wool, dyed in
Pe4 any color or com-
3 CPS // bination of colors.
BN ‘Any length. Any
= Cs width—seamless up to
: 16 feet. The finishing
"yo7 AN touch of individuality.

h Made on short notice. Write
q choose for color card. Order through
the colors,

J your furnisher.
we'll maketherag™ THREAD & THRUM WORKSHOP, Auburn, N. Y,

The Stephenson System of
Underground Refuse Disposal

A Soc Keepy our garbage and waste out of
SSE sight underground or below floor in

a@sscee9 Underground

GARBAGE AND REFUSE BCE

Flyproof, sanitary. A fireproof dis-
posal of refuse in cellar, factory or
garage. Underground Earth Closets
for Camps.

In use nine years.
It pays to look us up.
Sold direct. Scnd for circulars.

Cc. H. STEPHENSON, Mfr.
40 Farrar St. Lynn, Mass.

What z. fair rental iD 7
26 prop ne a Cte Ce SEER: Gy ARID IBN peeve AU Go AC 7 TENGE: Maewan, IOUS

or one that may be artificially relieved of surface
water, since the heaving of wet land destroys many Ca t

plants when freezing occurs. Use a perfect- edd ng
flowering variety, or preferably both pistillate

and staminate kinds, as the perfect-flowering var- q Visiting cards and stamped
ieties are likely to be shy bearers. If the plants have stationery with personality.

been ordered by mail from some reputable nursery- @ Correct styles that reflect the
man, open them as soon as received so that they Al & d al AR f
will not heat, and place in the cellar until ready to set. good form and social standing ©

If setting a bed of half an acre or more that will those who use them.

be cultivated by horse power, the rows must be @ They are engraved in an
spaced at least two and one half feet apart. In artictionshoptathmodcratemonces

this case have a space of one foot between the P P =H
plants in the row. In small beds cultivated by @ Samples on request — they will
hand the rows are set two feet apart each way and make you glad you requested them.

sometimes eighteen inches. Make the soil mellow :
and fine and set each plant a trifle deeper than it L y ce t t oro _ MOLE, eee
grew before. !f you take up plants secure a little
ball of earth with the roots of each if possible, and
remove all but one leaf. Plants that come from a
distance should have the roots shortened one third

as well as the foliage removed, and if they are Ge G. van Tubergen, Jr.

entirely covered by soil they will grow if not sub-

It is Sanitary merged more than half an inch. Set each plant Haarlem, Holland
y in water when planting, and do not forget to water F
It is all Glass ! once in two or three days for the next two or three Grower of choice Bulbs
; igs weeks if rain fails to fall. This is the entire secret E. J. KRUG, Sole Agent
There are four good things about this fruit of a good crop of fruit next season. 4 % 5, g

116 Broad St., New York

jar—the easy seal, the glass cap, the green Massachusetts. S. HOLLISTER.
x = Formerly represented by C. C. Abel & Co.

tint and the big mouth. It takes most

It is all glass — that’s another good thing. for customers. No supply kept here.
The “‘tin age” is past. No tin about this

jar —nometal. Even the cap is glass —
no twisting — nothing to taint the fruit.

TART sowing seed of parsnip and salsify for
winter use.
Continue to sow beet seed and late in the month

begin planting turnip seed. Kill San Jose Scale, Aphis,

This season try For succession make a planting of bush beans Sees: Save the Trees Whie'riy, ete. by spray:
E Z, SEAL JARS now and one the last of the month. Giant String- Sede AS > & CAUSTIC
A less Pod and Burpee’s White Wax are good for the 3 rt G D Sauer FISH OIL
You can preserve all kinds of vegetables first planting; also Burpee’s Stringless Green Pod : = SOAP NOS
as well as fruit, and be sure they will “keep” aud Valentine Wax, early sorts, are wonderfully bes cs [sure death to tree pests. Contains nothing’ injurious to
iS ae ye S » iff trees — fertilizes the soil. sed and endorse y U.S.
c Ab fase @assranie lowe : prolific. : Dept. of Our valuable book on Tree and
in E-Z Seal Jars. Get ous Free Book. Pole or running beans may be up the middle of Me Acticuiture. FREE Piant Diseases. write for it today.
This jaris the housewife’s joy—easy to fill, this month in the Middle South. JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 931 N. Front Street, Philadelphia
easy to close, easy to open and easy to Watch for insects. They can very easily ruin
clean. it is air-proof and light-proof — ave crop or winter vegetables. F
the jar that is sanitary. REY BC LU VCE CSOT COLDELLAY be planted up “How to Grow Roses’—FREE
J
to the middle of the month. Keep the cultivator The Fifth Edition of our famous authoritative
going constantly, for cultivation helps to retain booksonjrosejplanting, fertilizing cullival nes
Free Jar— ff the moisture in the sol. Prarie, esp ip comune wih Purnew Hoss
Free Book Gather okra pods, dry, and store them for winter Conard & Jones Roses
: use. Be careful to take only the very young pods. It also contains photographs in natural col-
Cut out thi Sow carnation seed now and give the young ors, complete Rose Lover's Calendar, and
bs ee ae coupon, plants proper care so as to have a profusion of The Conard & Jones Co, Box 24, West Grove, Pa,
take it to your grocer flowers next year. I do not mean the Marguerite Rose Specialists+50 years’ experience
—he will give you one or annual type which will bloom in five or six

E-Z Seal Jar—F REE. months from seed sowing, but I do mean the per-
Be sure and write for ; : ennial carnation which cannot be had to flower

FREE Book of Re | ; next year unless the seed is sown during the next GiGi our free Catalog
cipes—it tells many three months. August and September are the best RS shateur and profesional gee
things you should months; it is also a good time for sowing seed of for Hotbeds Genere have achieved with Sane
1k A Ger th sweet William, hollyhock and campanula. and Cold‘frames jit Double Glass Sash—how
fae an S c es : Select the best watermelons and save the seed. Sake ae they jhe velop aie srl Caees
rom e grocer. (= y rays , rj S er—sturdier plants. ea ow you can duplicate er
B 8 I always dry them thoroughly in the shade and ae with very little trouble and expense. Write today.
the Book from us. store them where I will be sure the rats and mice ; aie
HAZEL-ATLAS GLASS COMP y won't get at them. The Sunlight Double Glass Sash Co., 927E Broadway, Louisville, Ky,

All other seeds that you may wish to save may be
Wheeling, W. Va. gathered now, if they are fully ripe. Melons that

are.to uni seed should be left on the vine until v SEEDS GROW
1-Qt. E-Z Seal Jar CH Sty_ ERE: If you want a copy of the

Begin sowing the large Japanese and Chinese oti A 4
FREE for the Coupon radishes any time during the month. Catalog,’’ for 1912, address BURPEE Phoned Sect
Please note—in order to secure free jar this coupon must _ August He usually the ietine to harvest hay. Pea
be presented to your dealer before Sept. rst, 1912, with vine hay 1s ready for cutting when the first pods
blank spaces properly filled out. begin to mature. If the pods get too ripe the peas
HAZEL-ATLAS CESS co. will shatter out when hauling and a good part of
This is to certify, That Thaw this day received one its food value will be lost. *
“Atlas” E-Z Seal Jar Free of all cost and without any obli- Gather the ID ER COW MDA SLO, before cotton is
gation on my part. This is the first coupon presented by ready for picking.
any member of my family. Geranium cuttings may still be made. Also sow
Nae the seed now for flowers next year. The plants
must be carefully handled, protected from cold and
Address have plenty of sunshine. If you wait until next
TO THE DEALER: Present this to jobber from whom spring to sow seed you might get flowers in late

e Magic Fertilizer ]

TRY IT and beastonished at the re-
sults. Vegetables and flowers need
it. Will make your lawns look like
velvet. Will make your rose-bushes
and young shade trees grow as if in
the tropics. Bonora infuses new life
in all plant life. Used and endorsed
by the greatest authorities, Luther
Burbank, John Lewis Childs,
| Dingee & Conard and others. Ask

THE GREATEST DISCOVERY ) ||
‘OF MODERN TIMES.
PLANT F()

you recieved E-Z Seal Jars. All coupons must be signed summer, but there would be no certainty of it. your seed dealer or order direct.
BunoN Sater Urnied etOreiNOY ests 202, Late in the month start such bulbs as hyacinths Descriptive lcircular upon ercducst
DEALER’S CERTIFICATE. This is to certify, that I (Gian van Pinar e ay Meas Y ees a Put up in dry form as follows:
gave away one “Atlas E-Z Seal Jar to the person whose ee F ietes ia EERIE Hos OHS UE Bonora CuemicaL CO. 11b. making 28 gallons .65 postpaid
signature appears above. These will come into flower when the out-of-door SONORA ae tev one S Ike 40 $ 2150
Dealer’s Name flowers are scarce. QF eo f75

Give the cannas and chrysanthemums some 50 1400 22.50

Address liquid manure.

Georgia. Tuomas J. STEED.

515-517 Broadway
New York City

| Bonora Chemical Co.

The Readers’ Service will give yor
AuGausT, 1912 ‘at H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E Siseelions tp the Seine Wats oe OF

Winter of Discontent ‘
can usually be traced to Fresh, Clean, Running Water

poor heating methods. For Every Purpose —Everywhere

priv ate water st 1 sys t 1 be no more troubleso ha 1 re expense
F . . Your own a a su Ss e no mo S' rd
f. | t Ar pply em neec a me nor hardly more exp

to you than a public system. You will forget its very existence, if it isa ‘‘Reeco’’ Electric System.

you comfortable when you Fresh, sparkling water on tap whenever and wherever you want it. Turn the faucets—

4 are indoors? let it run—as much as you need—for laundry, bath, lawn sprinkler and barn. The ‘‘ Reeco”’

S Electric System is automatically operated—the supply automatically regulated—without so much

Send at once for asa thought on your part. There’s nothing to get out of order—nothing for you to worry
<aAchievements in iViodern about except to give an occasional oiling. The

Heating and Ventilation.” ~ “REECO” Electric Water System

It tells of wonderful results from pLopeL is a marvel of mechanical perfection and simplicity. Air pressure or elevated tanks may be used.

Heating and Ventilation in the finest resi- When the water is low the pump starts aulomatically and it stops automatically when the tank

dences and homes in the country. becomes full. Economizes operating expense. Requires no attention. Power obtained from
It lai joc th ae fenton any nearby trolley line or power plant. Backed by 70 years’
t explains why there 1s discontent wi experience. ‘‘Reeco’’ Systems give a life-time’s efficient and

ordinary Hot Air Furnaces and Steam or satisfactory service. We take entire charge of installation,

Water Boilers that heat bad air over and when desired, assuming full responsibility.

over. Important Price Reductions
It tells about a different method of heat- Owing to our greatly increased output of ‘‘Reeco’’ Elec-

ing and ventilating with tric and ‘‘Reeco’’ Hot Air Pumps, and the resulting econo-
mies in manufacture, we are able to announce material

KELSEY Worm GENERATORS reductions on all ‘‘Reeco’’ Pumps.

hae ; Write nearest office for Catalogue U
ress at once

RIDER-ERICSSON ENGINE CO.
KELSEY HEATING co. New York. Boston. Philadelphin. Montreal, P. Q. Sydney, Australia

116 E. Fayette St., Syracuse, N. Y. Also makers of the famous ‘“‘Reeco’”’ Rider and
New York Office, 156R. Fifth Ave. “*Reeco” Ericsson Hot Air Pumping Engines.

A Mess at all Seasons

of fresh Mushrooms Growing in your Cellar

9 40 ' in postage stamps together with the name of your
CUS. Gealer will bring you, postpaid, direct from the
MAY, manufacturer, a fresh sample brick of

Lambert's Pure Culture MUSHROOM SPAWN

the best high-grade spawn in the market, together with large illustrated book
on Mushroom Culture, containing simple and practical methods of raising,
preserving and cooking mushrooms. Not more than one sample brick will
be sent to the same party. Further orders must come through your dealer.

Address: American Spawn Co., Dept. 2, St. Paul, Minn.

Competent Gardeners

The comforts and products of a country home are in-
creased by employing a competent Gardener; if you want to

the argest makers of ilverware. -

TIONAL SILVER CO., MERIDEN, CONN.

engage one write to us. Please give particulars regarding . : "Successor to Meriden Britannia Co. Send for

place and say whether married or single man is wanted. We : Eis : : 2 SAN FRANCISCO
have been supplying them for years to the best people every- E . % os . cS : - ‘ Le
where. No fee asked. PETER HENDERSON & CO., Seeds- -

men and Florists, 35 and 37 Cortlandt Street, New York City.

Biltmore Nursery

Ornamental Shrubs, Hardy Plants, Deciduous and Evergreen Trees.
Interesting, helpful, informing catalogs sent upon request.

‘BOX 1282 BILTMORE, N. C.

ORCHIDS

Largest importers and growers of
Orcuips in the United States

LAGER & HURRELL
Orchid Growers and Importers SUMMIT, N. J.

Oa

e - lu
The Apotheosis of a Lump of Clay <2
Potter’s clay is made of materials brought from the
ends of the earth. With deft hands and cunning tools the
potter shapes this clay. Then it is baked in a fierce fire for 48
hours. Two, and generally three times it takes this bath of flame,
coming forth, at last, a beautiful, snow-white dish. Thus does the skill of

man and the refining fire exalt aclod of earth.
For 40 years we have made fine china. On quality we have built the greatest
pottery on earth. Tell your dealer you want our guarantee—the trade-mark name
—Homer Laughlin on the under side of each dish. ‘‘The China Book’’
is a beautiful and interesting work on china making. Send for it.

The Homer Laughlin China Company,
Newell, West Virginia. "

fay

Landscape Gardening

A course for Home-makers and
Gardeners taught by Prof. Craig
and Prof. Beal, of Cornell Uni-
versity.

Gardeners who understand up-to-
date methods and practice are in
demand for the best positions.

A knowledge of Landscape Gar-
dening is indispensable to those

‘ who would have the pleasantest
Pror. Crare homes.

250 page catalogue free. Write today.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G., Springfield, Mass.

What ts a fair rental for a given

98 property? Ask the Readers’ Service

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

AuGcusT, 1912

Poultry, Kennel and Live Stock Directory

dogs, poultry and live stock will be gladly given.
THE GARDEN MaGazZINE, 11-13 West 32d Street, New York.

Information about the
selection or care of
Address INFORMATION DEPARTMENT,

=

Dog Bread for Dog Days

Kitchen scraps are dangerous dog food in hot
weather. The best behaved dog can’t be kind and
gentle with a bad digestion. If you want your pct
to be harmless and healthy in all seasons feed him
Austin’s Dog Bread.

Particularly when moving to or from the country,
Austin’s furnishes the most uniform and the safest
diet for your dog Everything in it is bought

especially for it—good, clean cereals
and flour, and fresh sweet meat. No
waste, chemical nor by-product used in

‘Stil’
UnOG?
READ

Send Postal for Free Sample

State name, address and whether
you want Austin’s Dog Bread or
Puppy Bread (for small dogs and
Puppies under six months) and
give your dealer's name, please.

AUSTIN DOG BREAD & ANIMAL
FOOD CO.
203 Marginal St., Chelsea, Mass.

Large Berkshires
at Highwood

HEADQUARTERS
For The Celebrated Hungarian and English

Partridges and Pheasants

BEST GAME BIRDS AT RIGHT PRICES

Have a fine lot of Wild Turkeys. Also Capercailzies,
Black Game, Quails, Rabbits, Deer, etc., for stocking pur-
poses. Fancy Pheasants, Peafowl, Swans, Cranes,
Storks, Ornamental Geese and Ducks, Foxes, Squirrels,
Ferrets, etc., and all kinds of birds and animals.

WENZ & MACKENSEN

DEPT. 55
Pheasantry and Game Park,

YARDLEY, PA.

AIREDALE FARM KENNELS

Spring Valley, N. Y.
Mr. Howard Keeler, Owner.

The largest and most complete home for Registered
AiredaleTerriers in America.

The Best Chum for Children

and the only reliable guardian for the home.

Summer offering of brood sows
and young stock. Every animal
registered and if not satisfactory
may be returned and your
money refunded.

Stock of all ages for discriminating buyers. Jf we
can’t please you nobody can.

H.C. & H.B. Harpending

Dundee, N. Y.

*

Windholme’s Bounder No. 2174

IF YOU WANT PIGS BUY TAMWORTHS

THE HOG OF THE FUTURE

We have a lot of nice ones on hand at reasonable prices.

WINDHOLME FARM, Islip, N. Y., W. C. McCollom, Supt.

PENNSYLWANIA:
Quality LL A\NIN MOWERS —

“THE ONLY MAKE WITH CRUCIBLE TOOL-STEEL
Ss {2 **BLADES: THROUGHOUT = =:

There’s Money in Poultry

_Our Home Study Course in Practical Poultry
Culture under Prof. Chas. K. Graham, late of the
Connecticut Agricultural College, teaches how to
make poultry pay.

Personal instruction. Expert Advice.

250 Page Catalogue free. Write to-day.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G@. P., Springfield, Mass.

Prof. Graham.

A SHETLAND PONY

Easy
to Buy a
@ ;
and ty is an unceasing source of

pleasure. A sate and ideal
playmate. Makes the child
strong and of robust health.
Highest type—complete out-
_fits—here. Inexpensive.
Satisfaction guaranteed. Write
for illustrated catalog.

BELLE MEADE FARM
Box 15 Markham, Va,

A Child's Delight

BULLETIN 33

How to Conquer Lice

In poultry houses. How to double the life of your wood, like fence

posts, shingles, silos and porches, through the most simple preservative

methods. Low in cost; availableanytime and place. Write to-day.

Carbolineum Wood Preserving Co.
191 Franklin Street, NEW YORK

NEW YORK STATE FARMS

We will sell you better farm and orchard properties (improved); and |
at lower prices, in New York than can be had elsewhere. More money is |
made in diversified farming, dairying, poultry raising and fruit growing
in New York than in other States. We know, because we are farmers.
Call on us, or send for our specimen list of New York farms. B. F.
McBURNEY & CO., Room 309, Bastable Block, Syracuse, N. Y., or 703
Fisher Building, Chicago, Ill.

$1 or $2 per Acre per Month

Buys a Sanford celery farm. Flowing artesian well
guaranteed. Sub-irrgation, fine drainage, good sub-
soil, proven district, no interest; water and rail transpor-
tation. Our liberal contract allows six years to pay out.

TITLE BOND & GUARANTEE CO., Sanford, Fla.

The Interest Increases

DEAR GARDENING FOLK:

I am so glad to have all your pretty letters and
when I look over our membership book, it makes
me happy to realize that all boys and girls whose
names are enrolled are having good times this
beautiful summer’s day, watching and working
among their flowers and vegetables that have grown
all the way from tiny seeds to beautiful plants that
bloom and bear wonderful blossoms and fruits.

Here is a letter full of sunshine and laughter
that proves our Club a nice one for young folks to
belong to:

Dear Lapy GREENSLEEVES:

I have been so busy trying to make my garden the prize
winner in Iowa that I haven’t had time to write you all abeut
the good times I have had. When I earned my first $5 to
begin my garden, I was so happy it seemed I couldn’t wait
to get the ground ready to plant the seeds; and when I had
sown them, it seemed ages before they came up. But they
did—and Oh, kow they grew —and now my garden is, I
think, the finest in the town. I want to win a prize if I can;
do you think I will? I am working all the time and have
¢$ro saved; mother buys vegetables from me instead of at
the shop. I hope there are lots of boys and girls who have
enjoyed being a gardener as much as I, and I want to be a
member of your Club as long as I live.

Lucitte B.

So you see Lucille wants to be a life member!
Well, that’s what gardening does for us — makes
us want to do lovely outdoor things all our lives.

Dear LaDy GREENSLEEVES:

One of my classes of fourteen boys and girls are all members
of The Young People’s Garden Club and I have watched their
work this summer with great interest. Your theory that boys
and girls appreciate more highly something that they them-
selves carn, Is a true one and I believe that your Club will
solve the problem of children’s garden work that has been
such a hard one to meet. Many schools have children’s gar-
dens, it is true, and as many do not; and there are thousands
of children living in homes where there is abundant ground tor
cultivation, who never even know the joy of tending flowers.
I want to thank you for your work in showing the children
the delight in earning money with which to make a garden
I an fully convinced that you are on the right road in this
work.

A HicuH ScHoor Principat.

I received many such letters from teachers and
here is one from a superintendent of a playground
association:

Dear Lapy GREENSLEEVES:

I was enthusiastic from the first in regard to The Young
People’s Garden Club and I bastened to interest one of my
bright young women teachers, and gained her assistance.
We began by forming the children into groups of ten and
explained to them about the Club. They were eager to begin
work at once; the thought of making money was attractive
to them. It did not take long after you accepted us as mem-
bers to secure enough money to begin our gardens.

We rented lots near each playground and put groups of
twenty children to work. We have now a total number of
120 children, very busy, very brown and very happy — we
always shall be glad that Lady Greensleeves permitted us
to join her Club.

Tf you are a grown-up and interested in young
folks, think up some plan to interest them in our
Club. Write me and let me tell you all about it.
We need your help to reach all the boys and girls we
should. And if you real boys and girls have never
earned money and you want to know how, just
write me and I will tell you how; and how it is
possible to yet have a lot of lovely plants although
it is mid-summer; and then, you know. there are
the window-boxes in winter.

Don’t forget that September is prize month.

Yours for the beautiful outdoors,
Lapy GREENSLEEVES.

AvucusT, 1912

Dwyer’s Pot-Grown
Strawberry Plants

Strong, healthy plants from selected
stock of choicest fruiting varieties, sure to
give satisfaction and

Produce a Full Crop in 1913

Some of the finest berry

success to our vigorous
‘stock. Pot-grown plants
have been our specialty
for many years. If you
want fruit next season, order NOW. We
also have a full line of Fruit and Orna-
mental Trees, Plants, Vines, etc., for fall
planting, all grown on our home grounds
and guaranteed healthy and true to name.
We also do landscape gardening in all
its branches. Catalogue free.

T. J. DWYER & CO.

P. O. Box 4 CORNWALL, N. Y.

Pennsylvania School of Horticulture eS Wane

A school for theoretical and practical instruction |
in gardening and other branches of horticulture.
Special attention given to the practical side of
the work daily in the garden, orchard and green-
house. Fall term opens September 11th. Address

The Principal, Dept. E. Ambler, Pa.

CYPRESS prone

OF COURSE!

Make the Farm Pay

Complete Home Study Courses in Agriculture,
Horticulture, Floriculture, Landscape Gardening, For-
estry, Poultry Culture, and Veterinary Science under
Prof. Brooks of the Mass. Agricultural College, Prof.

Craig of Cornell University and other eminent
teachers. Over one hundred Home _ Study
Courses under able professors in leading colleges.
250 pace catalog free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. A., Springfield, Mass. Prof. Brooks

Horsford’s Hardy Plants

Autumn Planting begins in August. Paonias give best results
when set from the middle of August to the middle of September.
Many of the early flowering plants may be set before September.
My Autumn supplement’should interest all who have room to plant
liberally. It will offer the best home-grown Lilies, Trilliums, Dog
Tooth Violets, Tulips, Daffodils, Crocuses, etc., which can be set
long before the Holland-grown bulbs arrive. Ask for it and spring
catalogue before placing your order.

F. H. HORSFORD Charlotte, Vermont

Green Flies and Black Flies Too are easy to kill with

—TIP-TOP’’

BRAND
TOBACCO POWDER
For Fumigating or Dusting $3.00 per bag of 100 Ibs.
Write for free samples. MONEY WITH ORDER
INTERSTATE TOBACCO CO., Inc. 713 First Avenue, New York.
Grow Your Own Vegetables

Cut down your living expenses. You'll be astonished how healthful it is
to cultivate a garden and how easy if you use

= Planet Jri2

"Adapted to more uses than any other implement.

Py we Opens furrows, plants, covers, and marks next row

( in one operation.

a -. FREE Valuable 64-page illustrated garden
Hy 8S guide book. Send postal for it today.

S. L. Allen & Co., Box 1208S, Phila.

The Readers’ Service will give yc
Ae H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E Galormahion abensy riatoratoets ie 29

Should a married woman—

Be absolutely dependent upon her husband financially ?
Has she a right toa portion of his income legally set
aside in her name in return for the part she bears in
the home ?

Should she be helpless to prevent her husband from
mortgaging home and lands when she does not approve
of the expenditures ?

Is the bearing of children a duty when she is never

considered and never given a voice in affairs which are
mutually vital ?

These are some of the problems which are solved in

The Wind Before the Dawn

By DELL H. MUNGER

This is the epic of Kansas. It is also the epic of the farmer’s wife, and of the
new order which is to make her an independent partner instead of a household

slave. It tells the story of a girl, young, vigorous, happy in spite of miserable
home conditions and the frightful hardships of the prairie pioneers. You live
through it all with her, never losing courage, or the view ahead, under the
promise of her fresh youthful ardor. She marries the man she loves, and then
comes her real problem, owing to the fact that her husband, John Hunter, de-
velops the customary attitude of considering his wife after all somewhat as a
necessary piece of farm machinery. A surprising and dramatic situation arises
after the coming to their home of young Noland; and the tangled lives straighten
out finally in a climax which is very dramatic. The real value of the book is
that it rings true in every line. It comes straight from the heart of a woman
who feels deeply the injustice and crippling done to such women as those she
pictures; and as a woman reader puts it, “it makes the real sort of appeal for
the true essentials for happiness in marriage.”

Illustrated in color by Thomas Fogarty. Net $1.35

Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York

The Readers’ Service will give
0 information about automobiles

Official Handbook
Boy

Scouts
of

America

@ Edited and
authorized by the
National Council
of the Boy Scouts
of America.

O you love the woods? Do you

wish to learn the trees as the
And the
not as an astronomer, but as a traveler.

well

forester knows them? stars

all-round,
developed muscles, not those of a great

Do you wish to have

athlete, but those of a sound body that
Would you like to be
an expert camper who can always make

will not fail you?

himself comfortable out of doors, and a
swimmer that fears no water? Do you
desire the knowledge to help the wounded
quickly, and to make yourself cool and
self-reliant in an emergency? This Hand-
book, the work of
leader in his field, is their best effort to

Many men, each a

show you the way.

CONTENTS

Boy Scout Certificate
Preface
Officers and Members of National Council
h. Scoutcraft
Woodcraft
Campcraft
Tracks, Trailing, Signaling
Health and Endurance
Chivalry
First Aid and Life-Saving
Games and Athletic Standards
5 Citizenship
Appendix: Equipment, Books for Reference,
Index

MANY ILLUSTRATIONS

Paper; Net, 25c. Cloth: Net, 50c. Handsome
Leather Edition with frontispiece in colors by
Leyendecker: Net, $1.00 (postage 10c,)

Doubleday, Publishers:

Page & Garden City
Company

PLANT THIS FALL!

Follow the successful growers

BEST OF TIMES!

Fall conditions are perfect for setting out shrubs,
hardy flowers, roses, peonies. Spring’s less sure.
Nearly all of the bulbs must be planted in the
fall. Send today for WAGNER’S “Bulb and
Plant Catalogue.’? A broad assortment of the
finest nursery stock attractively priced.

Wagner Park Nurseries, Box 673, Sidney, Ohio

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

A Portable Water Garden

T IS easy enough to have a water garden. The
pictures show a portable one that I have set
out every year and taken up every fall. During the
winter I stand it up against the house and fasten
it to prevent it from falling. It, the water garden,
consists of a wooden box fourteen feet long and six

A ‘twooden box’’ water garden which is taken up
every fall and stored over winter

feet wide, made of three-quarter inch stock fastened
with screws. The joints are battened and smeared
with pitch to make them watertight.

Each spring, when the “tank” is taken from its
winter quarters, it is renovated by having its joints
covered with pitch and its screws tightened. One
application of pitch seems to be sufficient for the
entire season.

Each summer my floral display consists of water
lilies, parrot’s feather, water hyacinths, water
poppies, Cyperus alternifolius, and around the
edges a miscellaneous collection of annuals, con-
sisting of zinnias, asters, marigolds, cosmos, Cala-
dium esculatum, sweet alyssum, coxcomb and
Kochia tricophylla.

The lilies are grown in 1o-inch pans which rest

Ss es

The tank is stunk in the ground, the top being almost
level with the soil |

AvuetstT, 1912

For a Most Beautiful Lawn

Sow KALAKA. It is specially selected, specially tested grass
seed, and pulverized menure—the ideal combination to grow
quick, hardy, lasting turf. For seeding new lawnsor putting
new life into the old lawn nothing equals

Packed in 6 pound boxes at 61.00 per box, express paid easf,
or 81.25 west of Omaha. Write and ask for prices on special

mixtures for special locations and purposes. Order today
and have the best seed money can buy. Get ourfreelawn book,

THE KALAKA CO., 14 Union Stock Yards, Chicago
BULB 1oo Darwin Tulips, others

ask $1.50 to $2.00; club rate
$1.25. Again 875 bulbs, rovar. Narcissi, etc., sell
at $11.15; club rate $7.00. All prices frazzled.

Send 2c. for lists—a surprise is waiting you.
Address, Co-Operators’ League, 950 N. 53rd Ave., Chicago

BUYERS: LOOK HERE

APPLE The healthier the tree, the better the
fruit. The longer trees are sprayed with
“SCALECIDE” the more beautiful,

GROWING healthful and _ fruitful they become.

“SCALECIDE” is the acknowledged
leader of all soluble oils—the only one containing distinct
fungicidal properties. ‘‘SCALECIDE” will positively kill all
soft-bodied sucking insects without injury to the tree. Let
us prove these statements. Send today for free booklet
““SCALECIDE—the Tree Saver.’’ Address B. G. PRATT CO.,
Mfg. Chemists, 50 Church St., N. Y. City.

HARVESTER with Binder Attachment
cuts and throws in piles on harvester or
winrow. Man and horse cuts and shocks
equal with a corn Binder. Sold in every

state. Price $20.00. W. H. BUXTON,
of Johnstown, Ohio, writes, ‘‘The Harvester has proven all you
claim for it; the Harvestersaved me over $25.00 in hi bor last year’s
corn cutting. I cut over 500 shocks; will make 4 bushels corn toa
shock.”’ Testimonials and catalog free, showing pictures of harves-
ter. Address NEW PROCESS MFG. CO., Salina, Kansas.

GINSENG

I'll teach you free and buy all
Yields about 5000 Ibs. to the acre.

T. H. SUTTON

RAISING has made me thou-
sands of dollars on very little
capital eng my spare time orly.

will do the same for you,
sae Pies Worth $6 a lb. now
Write for my easy natural method,

1100 Sherwood Ave. My MASUDTON spit 100 Sherwood eines Ky.

\ Gear: and DIRECTIONS FREE
We make Bucket, Barrel, Knapsack, 4-Row
Potato Sprayers, Power Orchard Rigs—
Sprayers of all kinds for all purposes. Auto-
\ a: liquid agitators and strainer cleaners—the
up:to- -date sprayerline. Ask for free spraying book.

Pict Force Pump Co., 48 11th St., Elmira, N. Y.

Climbing American Beauty Roses

Twenty times as many blooms as the old American Beauty—each measur-
ing 3 to 4 inches in diameter. Fragrance and beauty unsurpassed. Can be
trained to trellis or grown as a pillar rose. Hardy as an Oak. Send
for particulars.

HOOPES LBRO. & THOMAS Cu.,

DAHLIAS fees

and price of bulbs. Select your order now for next spring delivery.
Geo. L. Stillman, Dahlia Specialist, Westerly, R.I., Box C.2-

West Chester, Penna,

50 Sample Flowers of my
choice dahlias $1.00 via
EES o. b. Westerly.

Unusually well - bred
and well- grown; will
succeed anywhere. Free Catalogue tells all about them.
W. R. GRAY, Box 6, Oakton, Fairfax County, Va.

Fairfax Roses

OULDS RELIABLE SPRAYERS

GIVE LONG SERVICE AND BEST RESULTS.
SEND FOR VALUABLE SPRAY GUIDE.

THE GOULDS MFG. CO., 82 W. FALL ST., SENECA FALLS, N. Y.

MICHELL’S

520- MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA

Bulb Catalog ready Sept. Ist

Write now to have copy reserved

FLORICULTURE

Complete Home Study Course in practical Floricul-
ture under Prof. Craig and Prof. Beal, of Cornell
University.

Course includes Greenhouse Construction and
Management and the growing of Small Fruits and
Vegetables, as well as Flowers Under Glass.

fe rsonal Instruction. Expert Advice.
250 Page Catalogue Free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL

Dept. G. F., Springfield, Mass. Frof. Craig

AuGcusT, 1912

_which will be maile
upon / pequest.

GALLOWAY TERRA COlTA ©,
3214 WALNUT st PHILADELPHIA.

Do You Want to Go to
College?

Free Scholarships will be given young
men and women who qualify for them.

For full information address

E. M. THAYER, Sec.

The Students’ Opportunity
League

Country Life Press, Garden City, L. I.

Three Magazines

For Every Home

COUNTRY LIFE IN AMERICA

Beautiful, practical, entertaining.
$4.00 a year. (Twice a month.)

THE WORLD’S WORK
interpreting to-day’s history.
$3.00 a year.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE—
FARMING

telling how to make things grow.

$1.50 a year.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CoO.
Garden City New York

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

The Readers’ Service is prepared to
advise parents in regard to schools 31

4 Plant Old-Time
Garden Seeds Now

Have some of those charming old-time flowers that
your childhood memory so cherishes. Sow them now.
Have an ever changing rotation of blooms from early
next spring till late autumn. A garden is truly not a
garden without Hollyhocks. And as for Foxgloves,
Canterbury Bells, Larkspur, and Pansies, you simply
must have them.

Here is a list of our choicest Hollyhocks anda collection
of old-time subjects both at a special combination price.

Boddington’s Quality Double Hollyhocks

Pkt. 1-8 oz. Pkt. 1-8 oz.
Apple Blossom $.10 $ .50 Lilac $.10 $.50
Bright Pink .10 .50 | Peach Blossom -10 -50
Canary Yellow -10 -50 Rete one re0
Blood Red -10 50 | Scarlet "10 "50:
Crimson 10.50 | Snow White 110.150
Golden Yellow 10 -50 | Mixed -10 -40
The above choice collection, including 12 varieties Boddington’s
Quality Hollyhocks, $1.00; 8 varieties, 75 cents; 6 varieties, 60 cents.
Allegheny, Single Fringed, finest mixed, Pkt.10c — oz. $1.00
Single, Finest Mixed, sal Oc 1200

20 Old-Time Flowers for $1.00

These include Columbines, Larkspur, Poppies, Forget-Me-Nots, Pansies and such.
It is a carefully selected collection made for us by a well known garden enthusiast.
20 Varieties, all for $1.00. They would cost you over $2.00 if bought straight

from any catalog.

Our New Fall Bulb Garden Guide is Ready
MAILED FREE ON REQUEST
In addition to the valuable bulb facts it contains, it also tells you what, how and
when to plant, to realize that delightful old-time garden of your dreams.
Write for this Garden Guide; a postal will bring it

HUR T. BODDINGTON
340 West 14th Street, New York City

Plant for Immediate Effect

Not for Future Generations
Start with the largest stock that can be secured!
years to grow many of the Trees and Shrubs as we offer.

We do the long waiting—thus enabling you to secure Trees and Shrubs that
give an immediate effect. Send for Fall price list.

ANDORRA NURSERIES {&*

WM. WARNER HARPER, Proprietor

It takes over twenty

CHESTNUT HILL,
PHILADELPHIA, PA.

The

ESSENCE OF PLANT LIFE
Is Walker’s Excelsior Flower Food
9 Will make your FLOWERS and VEGETABLES
i) grow like the proverbial ‘“‘Green Bay Tree.”

f All plant life will mature from two to three weeks
earlier. WILL DRIVE INSECTS FROM THE

No other trees are so beautiful. Colors from
Ev ergree NS ark green to light golden; shapes and forms
from towering trees, to low carpet-like trail-
ers, slender pillars, regular pyramids, and perfect balls. Do you know what
varieties to select? Get Hills’ 1912 Planter’s Guide, the authority on Ever-
greens. Free. ‘The D, Hill Nursery Co.. Ine, Douglas Ave., Dundee, UL.

| will answer your lawn questions and advise how

——$—$——$———_— SS Al SOIL. Write for booklet.
A LAWN EXPERT Small size can making 80 pints $0.30 postpaid
uarge) iss) is SS aly {50S

ily “ 800 ‘ 1.50 by express:

FLOWER CITY PLANT FOOD COMPANY, Rochester, N. Y., U.S. A.

to get the best lawns through Readers’ Service.

Hammond’s Sold by Seedsmen and Merchants

“Hammond’s Cattle Comfort

Trade Mark

9

Keeps Cows, Horses or Mules free from Flies
Gnats and other pests. It is cheap and effective. For
a pamphlet on ‘Bugs and Blights” write to

“Cattle Comfort’? _HAMMOND’s SLUG SHOT, Fishkill-on-Hudson, N.Y. |

(So)

wo

For inf li pgardi ilroad and steam-
"hip lines, write to the Readers’ Seice THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

A Veritable Hedge of

MADONNA LILIES

LILIUM CANDIDUM (Choice Northern Grown)

The favorite lilies of the old-fashioned garden; produce strong, stiff
stems, studded with a mass of pure, glistening, white flowers, that
enliven the perennial flower garden or, for effects of contrasts with the
beautiful green shrubs of the June garden, are unequalled.

Plant some bulbs during August and September and enjoy a big crop
of flowers next June or pot up, store in cold frame, and force for early
Winter in the greenhouse or conservatory.

Extra Large bulbs 15c. each $1.50doz. $10. per 100
Jumbo bulbs 25c. each $2.50 doz. $15. per 100

GIANT FREESIA PURITY

A charming little bulbous plant for window-garden, greenhouse or
conservatory. Has tall, stiff stem, bearing six to eight beautiful, snowy
white flowers.

Plant a dozen bulbs in a 5-inch pot and enjoy a feast of blooms for
Christmas. Where a continuous display during Winter is desired, plant
a dozen or more pots and set in cold frames bringing in at intervals of
two weeks from October. Excellent for cutting, remaining in good condi-
tion a week or more in water. Much superior to the popular Refracta
Alba Freesia, in size of flower, strength of stem (often measuring 20
inches), and purity of color.

Large fine plump bulbs 75c. doz. $3.50 per 100 $30. per 1000

Jumbo bulbs $1.00 doz. $4.50 per 100 $40. per 1000

On all orders amounting to $5. or more, express charges paid anywhere in United States

Our catalogue of Best Bulbs for Fall Planting will be sent to all cus-
tomers in August. A postal will bring you one.

50 Barclay
Street

New York

Peterson’s Perfect Peonies

are the acme of beauty, fragrance and charm — the standard
by which others are judged.

And this year, growing in soil of unusual quality and with
favorable weather conditions, my roots are the best even I
have ever offered,

“Che Flower Beautiful”

for 1912 (ready about August Ist) tells you the whole story in detail
with prices. It’s a charming little book on the most fascinating flower
of our day and it’s sent on request.

WANT A COPY ?

GEORGE H. PETERSON
Rose and Peony Specialist Box 50, Fair Lawn, N. J.

AucustT, 1912

on the bottom of the tank. The pots containing
the cyperus are submerged. In the fall, these
plants are cut down to the pot and given but little
water during the cold period. One plant, which
I keep growing in the kitchen, is for propagating
purposes, propagation being done by cutting off
the stems close to the leaves and letting the top
rest in water. Along in March the dormant lilies
are put in a tub of water and the cyperus in a pan
of water, and they are taken upstairs (from the
cellar where they have been stored) and placed ina
sunny window in the kitchen, where they remain
until planting out time.

The water hyacinth I grew first, and it was really
responsible for providing me with the means to buy

What is more beautiful than a water garden with
water lilies in bloom?

more stock for my water garden. The first season
my few water hyacinths proved so attractive that
T had no difficulty in disposing of them all at fifteen
cents apiece. Each season since I have grown a
number and have had no difficulty in selling
them.

Another “‘dividend-payer”’ is the Mexican fire
bush, grown in pots from seed. Some of these
plants, carried through from spring to fall, are
really beautiful as specimen plants. The revenue
obtained from the sale of my water garden plants
has enabled me to purchase a yearly supply of
tulips, and a number of hybrid roses. Outside,
at one end of the tank, I have a fine bed of dahlias.
The overflow from the tank keeps the roots in
prime condition and ensures an abundant crop of
flowers. ‘The soil is a mixture of sawdust, loam and
sifted ashes.

Massachusetts. ID Iu,

Dry Farming in Summer

IVE DOLLARS fine for using the hose and the
garden drying up under an August sun! Thct
is what having a flat water rate means.

My half-acre garden is too large to water with a
watering pot, particularly when I know that each
good-sized plant ought to receive a whole potful.
Last year I applied dry farming methods with
excellent results. Conservation of the water al-
ready in the soil is the idea of dry farming. Melted
snow and spring rains, to say nothing of showers
through the summer, give a certain amount of
water to the soil. Keeping the surface of the
soil broken up into small particles, checks evapora-
tion and distributes the water to the best advan-
tage possible. Three quarters of an hour’s hoeing
a day I found was enough to keep the soil from
caking. In addition to this, after each rainfall,
as soon as the soil could be worked, I went over the
whole garden with the hoe. I noticed that, al-
though the fine surface I thus made dried off at the
very top, the soil immediately underneath kept
moist. Some delicate young plants I did water
with the watering pot, but the larger part of the
garden came through a very dry season with no
artificial watering. The constant hoeing also kept
down the weeds.

Two things need to be noted in following this
method: tomato plants have their roots so near the
surface that one can only rake between them; and
it rusts beans if you hoe them while the ground
is actually wet.

New York. FLORENCE DIxon.

ae ace E
foal The best varieties, both new and

old, and the best methods of plant-
ing to raise a full crop of Strawberries

next year are fully particularized in

DREER’S

Mid-Summer Catalogue

Also the best varieties of Celery, Cabbage
Plants, etc. i

A most complete list of the Best Hardy
Perennial Seeds for summer sowing.

Also vegetable and farm seeds for summer
and fall sowing. Select list of seasonable
decorative and flowering plants.

Write for a copy and kindly
mention this magazine—F REE

HENRY A. DREER PHILADELPHIA |

|

bia IDR CTR TODD UD ROSTER ROT er KE

x

g.

Thorburn’s
Strawberry Plants

q@ If you are interested in
having the finest varieties
of Strawberry Plants,
write to-day for our straw-
berry circular and price-list.

J.M. THORBURN & CO.
33 BARCLAY STREET NEW YORK

EVERGREENS|

can be successfully transplanted in

August and September

le WE have them in great

; variety; many rare
sorts; all transplanted or
root-pruned, so that they
will lift with a ball of
earth about the roots
which ensures their living.
Our Nurseries contain
many large specimens
Evergreens as well as
thousands of smaller size
suitable for transplanting.

We also have in large
assorlment

Abies Concolor (White Fir)
TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES and VINES for OCTOBER delivery
HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS for SEPTEMBER planting
EVERYTHING FOR PLANTING THE HOME GROUNDS

We cordially invite all interested to visit our nurseries. We are
only eighteen miles South of Boston. Catalogue and price list
mailed on request.

THE BAY STATE NURSERIES
NORTH ABINGTON MASSACHUSETTS [

~ We Build
Perpetual
Rose

. © Gardens

ARDENS of Glass in
which you can have roses
in bloom 365 days cf the

whole glad year.

Being fond of roses as you
are, this means a great deal.

It means you won't have to give
up your flowers and roses when the
Katydids announce frost. Simply have
your treasures moved into the glass
garden and go merrily on picking blooms and
having all the fun of gardening just the same.

Last month we published a delightful little
booklet called ‘““Two G’s, or Glass Gardens — A
Peep into Their Delights.” We have a notion
you would find in it the answers to the many questions that are
this very moment coming up in your mind. It’s mostly devoted
\ to gardens of the smaller sorts, but there are also a few
large ones.

Glad to send you one of these’ Two G’s booklets.

as PS ad

We make the Burnham Boilers for residence heating.
Send for Catalog.

Lord & Burnham Co.

SALES OFFICES FACTORIES

New York Boston Philadelphia Chicago
St. James Bldg, Tremont Bldg. Franklin Bank Bldg. . Rookery Bldg.

Irvington, N. Y_

Des Plaines, Ill.

A HOUSEHOLD
CC) NECESSITY

eo Here’s the simplest, handiest
|

and most eflicient household arti-
cle ever made.

The “Universal” Sharpener
It puts a keen lasting edge in a
few seconds on either kitchen or
table knives, or on pocket knives.
No excuse now for a dull knife
in the house.

Price, Postpaid, 50c

Make life easier and happier by sending for this article today

ARTHUR C. EDDY
Tompsonville, Conn,

No weeds in lakes, ponds or streams

to interfere with

Power-boats, Bathing, Fishing. Ice-harvesting,

or in any water where they are undesirable.

Ziemsen’s Submarine Weed-Cutting Saw is e:

from the shore or from boats and clears large spaces in st!

Write for references and ill ted circular which ext
it is worked.

Cedar Lake, West Bend. Wis.

P.O. Box 355 ASCHERT BROS.

wer,
>

SX

Se SATS =

cee aa

i

ae
Ly

;
i
4

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_
5 oy R
San

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| aa aes ey
rape Se ede
el ge

a
BAY
U

This new Grafonola ‘Princess’’ (price
} $75) is a beautiful mahogany table, ready
YY at all times to serve all the purposes of
such a table, worthy of its place in any
part of any room in the house, yet like-
wise ready to provide music of any class
} you happen to desire, and capable of all fishy
the quality of tone of any instrument by
4) which you may happen to judge it.
This instrument is the first to embody the
tone shutters, an exclusive Columbia feat-
ure, replacing the ordinary hinged doors.
Do not miss the opportunity of hearing
1) this most versatile of all musical instruments
render selections by Emmy Destinn, Olive
! Fremstad, Lillian Nordica, Mary Garden,
Alice Nielsen, Maria Gay, Zenatello,
Slezak, DavidBisphamand any of the other}
great artists whose voices appeal to you. #2
| Go to your nearest dealer or write to the
Columbia Phonograph Company, Gen’l hee
Ni Box 240, Tribune Building, New York [: re

Pa | oe
$1.50 a Year

1912 Buying a Suburban Home Cabbages All the Year Round
Vol. XVI. No. 2 Profits on Small Areas --- “The Little Farm”

fe

COUNTRY LIFE are DOUBLBRBAY, PAGE & CO. Ge) THE WORLD'S
| IN AMERICA x Chicago GAMMMRN CITY,N.Y. New York WORK

BOBBINK & ATKINS

World’s Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products

The proper way to buy is to see the material growing. We shall gladly give our time and attention to intending pur-
chasers visiting our nursery, and invite everybody interested in improving their grounds to visit us. Our Nursery consists of
300 acres of highly cultivated land and 500,000 square feet of greenhouses and storehouses, in which we are growing Nursery
and Greenhouse Products for ev ery place and purpose, the best that experience, good cultivation and our excellent facilities
can produce, placing usin a position to fill orders of any size.

OUR FORMAL ROSE PLANT TUBS, WINDOW BOXES AND GARDEN FURNITURE. We manufacture all
GARDEN,planted with | shapes and sizes.
5,000 Roses in 250 var- EVERGREENS, CONIFERS AND PINES. More than 75 acres of our Nursery are planted with
ieties is now in full handsome specimens. Our plants are worth traveling any distance to see.
bloom. Everybody in- HEDGE PLANTS. We have a large quantity of California Privet, Berberis, and other Shrubs
terested in Roses should for Hedges.

=e visit our Nursery and POT-GROWN STRAWBERRIES. We raise thousands

Picea Pungens Glauca Kosteri inspect same. | of pot-grown Strawberries, in all the leading and popular

ey Wousand varieties, ready for immediate delivery. _
sp eee stein eee eae Wergrow:thousande PAEONIES. Tree and Herbaceous Paeonies. September

leliver
PALMS, DECORATIVE PLANTS FOR CONSERVA- ‘ y- 5 = ae
TORIES, interior and exterior decorations. Our green- BULBS AND ROOTS. We import large quantities of

eae avenge ees Bulbs and Roots from Japan, Holland and other parts of
HARDY OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS. We have Europe. Our Autumn Bulb Catalogue will be mailed

: ; upon request.
thousands of rare new and old-fashioned kinds. Our OUR NEW GIANT FLOWERING MARSHMALLOW.
Herbaceous Grounds are especially interesting at this | Everybody should be interested in this Hardy New Old
time: Special prices on quantities. Fashioned Flower. It will grow everywhere,and when in

HARDY TRAILING AND CLIMBING VINES. We grow bloom is the Queen of Flowers in the garden. Blooms
in pots quantities for all kinds of planting. from July until the latter part of September.

OUR ILLUSTRATED GENERAL CATALOGUE No. 25 describes our Products; is comprehensive, interesting, in-
structive and helpful to intending purchasers. Will be mailed free upon request.

We Plant Grounds and Gardens everywhere with our World’s Choicest Nursery Products, grown in our World’s
Greatest Nursery.

VISITORS, take Erie Railroad to Carlton Hill, second stop on Main Line, 3 minutes’ walk to Nursery.

BOBBINK & ATKINS
Nurserymen, Florists and Planters RUTHERFORD, N. J.

aN
Standard Bay Tree

Stewart 2. aoe Dota 2nd Large Printing
Edward = y Di the East a IT IS NOT ENOUGH

Pe TO RECOMMEND

Whi se AN now thelWest THIS BOOK, BUT WE
it e Led BEG THE READER

aay Toe TO READ SLOWLY

“The Adventures a - Bobby Orde” AND CAREFULLY,

“Tn one sense it is the finest A ene the Grand Rapids novelist has done. TO REALIZE APPRE-

It shows a finer and sweeter knowledge of human nature than any of his CIATIVELY THE
big novels of the lumber woods and ‘of adventures by sea and land. He ENTIRE CHARM OF

has gone straight to the heart and motives of the normal healthy child,
and ‘that i is why, while it is the story of a boy, it is very much a story for A REFRESHINGLY

grownups and will appeal inerringly to every man who has not forgotten
his queer impulses, his bashfulness and his devoted friendship and little DELICIOUS STORY.
chivalries while he was himself a boy.—Grand Rapids Evening Press.”

Illustrated. Fixed price, $1.20 (postage 1 2c.).
“The Rules of the Game”

“Tt is full of adventure, and has a climax of absorbing interest.’’—St

e@
oa ae Fixed price, $1.40 (postage 15c.). Recording Angel

66 2 99
The Cabin
“©The Cabin’ has somehow captured the spell of the wild woods and CORRA HARRIS

the brooding peace of the mountains. ‘The Cabin’ is gotten up in
the style that charms one utterly before the first page is read, and the Author of

illustrations make you feel perfectly wild to be up and away to the “<The Circuit Rider’s Wife ” Etc.
Sierras.” — Lexington Herald. :

Illustrated. Net, $1.50 (postage 15c.). AT ALL BOOKSHOPS
GARDEN CITY Doubleday, P age & Co. new york

—Literary Digest.

The Readers’ Service will gi )
SEPTEMBER, 1912 T H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E SuabesuonS Oy the teare af a: 33

Unusual
Plants

Individualize your home
grounds by the use of
distinctive, unusual plants
—not the commonplace

Se

So ¥
Meehans’ Mallow Marvels
Huge, brilliant blossoms

the width of this page. sort which may be had

(See our Specialty Book)
anywhere.

Aside from the immense collec-
tion of general nursery stock, we
have in our

58 Years’ Experience as
America’s Pioneer Nurserymen

collected a splendid.group of rare and
unusual plants, which are hardy, reli-
able and just as practical to plant as
common stock.

Write f Specialty Book H, tell- eit e
ing Bie culeouie ef these plants, nan rR A Veritable Hedge of

will give character to your garden—

lift it from its surroundings. M A D O N N A yl I J E-; S
We welcome the opportunity to assist - me ¥ Se
you in beautifying your home grounds. “ LILIUM CANDIDUM (Choice Northern Grown)

Write us about your problems.

4 ye The favorite lilies of the old-fashioned garden; produce strong, stiff
Thomas Meehan & Sons | | , Fe, stems, studded with a mass of pure, glistening, white flowers, that

Box 17, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. { ; enliven the perennial flower garden or, for effects of contrasts with the

beautiful green shrubs of the June garden, are unequalled.

Plant some bulbs during August and September and enjoy a big crop
of

of flowers next June or pot up, store in cold frame, and force for early
‘e
Our Own Growing

Winter in the greenhouse or conservatory.

Extra Large bulbs 15c.each $1.50 doz. $10. per 100
Jumbo bulbs 25c. each $2.50 doz. $15. per 100

GIANT FREESIA PURITY

A charming little bulbous plant for window-garden, greenhouse or
conservatory. Has tall, stiff stem, bearing six to eight beautiful, snowy
white flowers.

Plant a dozen bulbs in a 5-inch pot and enjoy a feast of bloom for
Christmas. Where a continuous display during Winter is desired, plant
a dozen or more pots and set in cold frames bringing in at intervals of
two weeks from October. Excellent for cutting, remaining in good condi-
tion a week or more in water. Much superior to the popular Refracta
Alba Freesia, in size of flower, strength of stem (often measuring 20
inches), and purity of color.

Large fine plump bulbs 75c. doz. $3.50 per 100 $30. per 1000
Jumbo bulbs $1.00 doz. $4.50 per 100 $40. per 1000

On all orders amounting to $5. or more, express charges paid anywhere in United States

Firm, Solid, Vigorous,
Beautiful Varieties, Highest Quality,
Moderate Prices
In more ways than one IT PAYS

to buy Direct From the Growers
Send for Catalogue

FRANKEN BROTHERS
Deerfield Illinois

Nurseries also at Sassenheim, Holland

Our catalogue of Best Bulbs for Fall Planting will be sent to all cus-
tomers in August. A postal will bring you one.

50 Barclay
Street

New York

MING@i Natl

Let us send you a Free Sample lesson from our
fumous Correspondence Courses in General Farm-
ing, also valuable bocklet free.

“How to Make the Farm Pay More”

Everybody is sending for it. Wouldn’t you like to know
more about how We Teach Farming by Mail?

We teach everything for farmers General Farming,
Poultry Farming, Truck. Fruit, Stock, Dairying, Small Farm
Course, Soils and Fertilizers arm Veterinary, Agricultural

f Journalism, Special Course ted to suit needs, etc. Faculty
of experts. Students in every State. A safe way out forthecity }}
man. More profits for the farmer. Write today. No agents.

American Farmer’s School wisn nonin WENN.

Guaranteed under the Insecticide Act, 1910. Serial No. 321.
Save your plants and trees. Here is an insecticide that
will positiveiy destroy all insects—Mealy Bug, Brown and
White Scale, Thrip, Red Spider, Black and Green Fly,
Mites, Ants, etc., without injury to plants and without odor.
Used according to directions our standard Insecticide will
prevent ravages on your crops by insects.

Non-poisonous and harmless to user and plant. Leading
Seedsmen and Florists have _used it with wonderful results.

Destroys Lice in Poultry Houses, Fleas on Dogs and all
Domestic Pests. Excellent as a wash for dogs and other
animals. Relieves mange. Effective where others fail.
4¢ Pint - - 25c; Pint, - - 40c; Quart, - - - 75ce;
22 Gallon, $1.25; Gallon, $2.00; 5 Gallon Can, $9.00;

10 Gallon Can, $17.50

Dilute with water 30 to 50 parts
For Sale by Seedsmen and Florists’ Supply Houses

Ifyou cannot obtain this from your Supply House, write us direct

Lemon Oil Company
Dept. L. 420 W. Lexington St., Baltimore, Md.

FAR

STS RAIS EE

Country Life In America

is all you could desire, if you use

“ECONOMY” GAS

For Lighting, Cooking, Water Heating, |

Laundry, etc.

“It makes the House a Home’’

Write today for circular.

Economy Gas Machine Co., Rochester, N. Y.

“Economy”’ Gas is Automatic, Sanitary and Not Poisonous

(The original and largest Correspondence School of Agriculture)

The Readers’
information

Service will give
about automobiles

34

THE

GARDEN MAGAZINE

Poultry, Kennel and Live Stock Directory

dogs, poultry and live stock will be gladly given.
Tue GARDEN MaGaZINE, 11-13 West 32d Street,

Information about the
selection or care of

Address INFORMATION DEPARTMENT,

New York.

Sold by Seedsmen and Merchants

‘Hammond’s Cattle Comfort’

Trade Mark

Keeps Cows, Horses or Mules free from Flies,

Gnats and other pests.
“Bugs and Blights”

HAMMOND’S SLUG SHOT,

pamphlet on

For

It is cheap and effective.
write to

Fishkill-on- Halecbom N- ¥-

Windholme’s Bounder No. 2174
IF YOU WANT PIGS BUY TAMWORTHS
THE HOG OF THE FUTURE
We havea lot of nice ones on hand at reasonable prices.

WINDHOLME FAR\M, Islip, N. Y., W. C. McCollom, Supt.

Large Berkshires
at Highwood

Summer offering of brood sows
and young stock. Every animal
registered and if not satisfactory
may be returned and your
money refunded.

H. C. & H.B. Harpending
Dundee, N. Y.

.A SHETLAND PONY

is an unceasing source of pleasure. A safe
and ideal playmate. Makes the chiid

strong and of robust health. Highest
. type—complete outfits—here.
Inexpensive. Satisfaction guar=
anteed. Write for illustrated

Easy to
Ruy

to : 5 _ BELLE MEADE FARM
‘ Dept. 15 Markham, Va.

AIREDALE FARM KENNELS
Spring Valley, N. Y-

Mr. Howard Keeler, Owner.
The largest and most complete home for Registered
AiredaleTerriers in America.

The Best Chum for Children

and the only reliable guardian for the home.
Stock of all ages for discriminating buyers. Jf we
can’t please you nobody can.

Learn this immensely rich business;

<< we teach you; easy work at home;

everybody succeeds. Start with cur
Jumbo Homer Pigeons and your success is assured.
Send for large Illustrated matter. Providence
Squab Company, Providence, Rhode Island,

BULLETIN 33

How to Conquer Lice

In poultry houses. How to rd, like fence
posts, shingles, silos and porches, through the most “imple preservative
methods. Low in cost; availab.e any time and place. Write to-day.

Carbolineum Wood Preserving Co.
191 Franklin Street, NEW YORK

double the life of your we

NEW YORK STATE FARMS

We will sell you better farm and orchard properties (improved), and

at lower prices, in New York than can be had elsewhere. More money 1s
made in diversified farming, dairying, poultry raising and feu it growing
in New York than in other States. We know, because we are farmers.
Call on us, or send for our specimen list of New York Genet Bees
McBURNEY & CO., Room 309, Bastable Block, Syracuse, N. Y., or 7u3
Fisher Building, Chicago, Il.

$1 or $2 per Acre per Month

Buys a Sanford celery farm. Flowing artesian well
guaranteed. Sub-irngation, fine drainage, good sub-
soil, proven district, no interest; water and rail transpor-
tation. Our liberal contract allows six years to pay out.

TITLE BOND & GUARANTEE CO., Sanford, Fla.

My stock of pigs and hogs was
never better. If you want the
best all-around breed raise

Jersey Reds
Fatten easily and quickly, small
boned, long bodied. vigorous,
prolific. Meat unsurpassed.
Choice offerings now. Write to:
day for free catalog.

Arthur J. Collins, Box T, Moorestown, N. J.

BEST DOG FOR YOU!
What must he be? Ask the Readers’ Service
where to get him, and other questions about dogs.

Poultry Amateurs—What breed should your
new yard produce for the best results? Get free
advice from the Readers’ Service.

Would Not Part With This Cosy Home

But For Business Reasons

Location — 150 Harrison Ave., Westfield, N. J. This zs an
exceptional opportunity for a New York business man to pur-
chase a charming little home in the residential section of West-

field.

bedrooms, bath room and attic room.
equipped and modern in every particular.

The present owner
removal of his business to another State.
10 rooms viz: living room, dining room, pantry and kitchen, 4

is obliged to sell because of the
The house contains

House is thoroughly
Write for details.

Very interesting price for immediate sale

| Address Box 312, care of Country Life in America, Garden City, L. I.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

Fertilizing with Bacteria

[IZ HAS come to be pretty well known that
leguminous plants have the power to assimilate
the free nitrogen of the atmosphere.
questions arise: How can we make use of this
fact? By applying cultures to our gardens?

If, by the introduction of leguminous crops in a
system of rotation, the gardener can supply to the
soil the needed nitrogen, without the necessity of
purchasing it in the shape of commercial fertilizers,
he may gain a distinct advantage. On the other
hand, this may not be desirable or economical.

It is of course recognized that a legume has in
itself no power to utilize the free nitrogen of the
atmosphere; but that through the agency of
bacteria residing within the nodules on the roots
it can gather free nitrogen. Equally we must
recognize that the bacterium is potent only in
conjunction with a legume —i. e., peas, beans,
clovers, etc.

A legume whose roots are entirely devoid of
nodules must, like other plants, depend exclusively
on the nitrogen in the soil, so that if a portion
of a crop is removed the soil becomes poorer in
nitrogen than before, or even if the entire crop
be plowed under no nitrogen is thereby added to
the soil.

It is therefore evident that if leguminous crops
are to be of real benefit in enlarging the store of
nitrogen in the soil their roots must be supplied
with nodules, and the more abundant the nodules
the greater the nitrogen gathering power of the
plant.

The roots of these legumes become inoculated
with nodule producing bacteria, which are com-
monly present in most soils.

Soils which have successfully grown a certain
legume are usually well supplied with the special
bacteria, but there are cases where these bacteria
originally present have either perished or so lost
their virulence as to be no longer active.

This is particularly true of soil which has be-
come acid. Such a condition not only becomes
unfavorable to the nodule bacterium but to the
plant as well. In these cases the soil must be first
brought into condition, by liming and otherwise.
After the normal condition has been restored the
introduction into the soil of the necessary bacter-
ium is likely to be beneficial. But in all cases
it is absolutely futile to apply the bacteria unless
they are to find in the soil a favorable medium for
their development. Failure to recognize this
fundamental principle is responsible for many
negative results.

There are two methods of introducing bacteria
into the soil — one is by the use of soil taken from
a field which has produced the given legume, and
on whose roots abundant tubercles are present;
and the other is by the use of “cultures,” or
colonies of the proper bacterium propagated on
or in some favorable medium under laboratory
conditions.

The method of inoculating soil with soil was
practiced with marked success in the early days,
and even at present, considering the uncertainties
of (some at least of the) commercial cultures it
still appears to be the most reliable method. The
objection to it is that it is not always practicable,
is at best cumbersome, and there is the further
danger of carrying weed seeds and disease germs
into new land.

These objections being recognized, various ¢fforts
have been made to propagate the necessary bac-
teria, and to distribute them in the form of cultures
— so-called ‘‘nitro-cultures.”

In the early days Nobbe and Hiltner prepared
these cultures on gelatin media, on which the germ
soon lost its virulence or otherwise perished. Sold
commercially under the name of Nitragin they
were found to be a failure and were eventually
withdrawn from the market.

Later the United States Department of Agn-
culture undertook to dry the bacteria on cotton
wool and to distribute them in this form, along
with certain salts for making a solution in which
to grow them. But it was subsequently found
that the bacteria perished rather quickly when
dried on cotton, and that many of these bits of
cotton contained no living germs. It was further
found that cultures made from these bits of cotton
became in many cases grossly contaminated with

The practical

<f
“4

— y The Readers’ Service will aid yo
Ss EPTEMBER, l 912 ae H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E in annie A OMPE RECA On LIBRE y 35

Sheuld a married woman—

Be absolutely dependent upon her husband financially ?
‘Has she a right toa portion of his income legally set

7
4URORA

aside in her name in return for the part she bears in
Sheep’s Head Brand P
PULVERIZED the home?

Sheep Manure Should she be helpless to prevent her husband from

Nature’s Own Plant Food. Ideal for all crops; “$09 Or] , >) 9 c >
Rem Coplinlee BEV Eeue mortgaging home and lands when she does not approve

tates. Growers of nursery stock, small fruits, y a = aya?)
ees and sachets generally will find Sheep's of the expe nditur es:
Head Brand the best fertilizer. Contains large z : 2 f
percentage of Humus and all fertilizing substances Is the bearing of children a duty when she is never

necessary to promote Plant life. Tests place it

far ahead of chemical or other fertilizers. Readily u ° . : 5 A
pean eine. 1 as cumte you paces considered and never given a voice in affairs which are

Send for our book, “Fertile Facts” a
Tells how to fertilize the soil so that productive crops may be m utually vital =
raised. Special matter for lawn and market gardeners, Florists,
Nurserymen and Farmers. Sent FREE if you mention
this Magazine.

NATURAL GUANO COMPANY These are some of the problems which are discussed in

The Wind Before the Dawn
0. HENRY’S| By DELL H. MUNGER

STORIES ARE READ
BY EVERYBODY

This is the epic of Kansas. It is also the epic of the farmer’s wife, and of the new order
which is to make her an independent partner instead of a household slave. It tells the
story of a girl, young, vigorous, happy in spite of miserable home conditions and the fright-
: 5 ful hardships of the prairie pioneers. You live through it all with her, never losing courage,
puts them in a class by themselves. For the or the view ahead, under the promise of her fresh youthful ardor. She marries the man she
last four years 50,000 copies of his short loves, and then comes her real problem, owing to the fact that her husband, Jotn Hunter,
stories have been sold annually. And the develops the customary attitude of considering his wife after all somewhat as a necessary
piece of farm machinery. A surprising and dramatic situation arises after the coming to
their home of young Noland; and the tangled lives straighten out finally in a climax which
is very dramatic. The real value of the book is that it rings true in every line. It comes

They have a unique American tang which

great reading public here and abroad are
just waking up to the wealth of his volumes.

straight from the heart of a woman who feels deeply the injustice and crippling done to
such women as those she pictures; and as a woman reader puts it, “it makes the real
sort of appeal for the true essentials for happiness in marriage.”

“ROLLING STONES”

A New Volume to Be Issued Soon. Net $1.20
BY THE SAME AUTHOR ———— Illustrated in color by Thomas Fogarty. Net $1.35

Cabbages and Kings, - - Net $1.20
The Four Million - GO EOD)
Sixes and Sevens - 1.20
The Trimmed Lamp - 1.201 | Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York
Heart of the West 1.20
The Voice of the City - 1.20 9
The Gentle Grafter_ - 1.20 SEEDS GROW
Roads of Destiny - 1.20 If you want a copy of the

Pay se Leading American Seed
Whirligigs - - 1.20 Catalog,”’ for 1912, address BURPEE, Philadelphia.

Strictly Business 1.20

If You Love Flowers

You want some of the Misses Carl

Purity Freesias

1840 1912

Old Colony Nurseries

HARDY SHRUBS, TREES, VINES,
EVERGREENS AND PERENNIALS
A large and fine stock of well-rooted plants grown
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Send for information about a

Beautiful Red Leather Edition of 0. Henry

Net $1.25 the Volume Buy now direct from the California growers

The whitest Freesia on the market,
plant now and you will have the
sweetest of all flowers for winter
blooming.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE. & CO.
Garden City New York

The Misses Carl, Encanto Heights, San Diego, Cal.

The Readers’ Service will give information

36 about the latest automobile accessories 4e H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E SEPTEMBER, 1912

other germs, which by growing more rapidly de-
stroyed the proper bacteria, so that the cultures
were of no value.

The next step was to withdraw the dry cotton
culture, and to substitute liquid cultures, put up in
sealed glass tubes. But it is well known that
bacteria perish rather quickly in liquid cultures,
and the nitro-bacteria proved to be no exception
to the rule. Many of these cultures were found
to be dead, and therefore worthless, and on the
whole at least, unreliable.

The next advance was to prepare the cultures
on a jelly-like medium in appropriate vials or
bottles. It is quite evident that in this shape the
bacteria will retain their vitality for a longer time
than in the other ways, and if the cultures are pure,
of high virulence, and entirely fresh they should
be quite reliable. There is no reason why reliable
cultures should not be prepared and reach the
gardener in good condition.

It has been a mistake to have gardeners make
p : their own cultures from bacteria sent them in any

Ca aS ABN form, since these cultures are very liable to become
MOON’S EVERGREENS and the immediate effect they produce grossly contaminated and develop foreign germs
likely to prohibit the development of or to destroy

MOON’S EVERGREENS FOR AUTUMN PLANTING | 2: proper organisms.

i : f Inoculating seed with home made cultures, or
A stock of over roo acres; an assortment unexcelled anywhere. There are varied forms in dwarf and with watery extracts of pure cultures, is also open

tall growing kinds and infinite tones of green, golden and blue, in sizes from one to twenty-five feet. to objection, since it is necessary to dry the seed

Space for symmetrical development of the branches and ceaseless cultivation make these trees after it is wet with the culture, before it can be
LOOK WELL AND MOVE WELL sown, and in this drying the majority of the nitro-

If you are going to plant evergreens, first write us. Our catalogue of Hardy Trees and Plants for bacteria will perish.

Every Place and Purpose will interest you. Send for it. It is better if the seed is to be inoculated to use

Philadelphia Office Mocrla Wetshtcs only enough of the culture to barely moisten the seed
Room li, 21 South J2th St. THE WM. H. MOON CO. Mores yillen ee and to immediately mix the seed with enough dry
: — : sifted soil to take up the excess of water, so that the
seed can be handled, when it should be planted

at once.
C) R ( H if D S Another method would be to apply the culture
to a quantity of sifted soil, to mix thoroughly, and
Largest importers and growers of then broadcast at the rate of, say, five hundred
= : pounds to the acre on well prepared land, after

Orcuips in the United States which it should be immediately harrowed in. -
LAGER & HURRELL It may be safely stated that if cultures of nitro-

Hardy Ferns for Autumn Planting

Send for list F

North Shore Ferneries Co.

Beverly, Mass. Orchid Growers and Importers SUMMIT, N. J. bacteria are properly prepared and absolutely

=~ fresh, then properly applied under right conditions

APPLE The healthier the tree, the Cc we should see a large proportion of benefits from
etterithe fruit. The logeer ompetent Gardeners their use.

GROWING Hess eerie pe eet herve The comforts and products of a country home are in- That so many results in the past have been

healthful and fruitful they creased by employing a competent Gardener; if you want to negative has been due first, to worthless or dead

become. “SCALECIDE” is the acknowledged leader of all engage one write tous. Please give particulars regarding place cultures; second, to faulty methods of applying

soluble oils—the only one containing distinct fungicidal a z = x é q Gg G G “
propertics’ SSCALECIDE” will positively killall solt-bodied and say whether married or single man is wanted. We have.| them; and third, to their®application\itomsoils#ale

sucking insects without injury to the tree. Let us prove these been supplying them for years to the best people everywhere. ready containing the proper bacteria, or to soils

pate mente morta today fon tree Booklet. Sreweuee ae No fee asked. PETER HENDERSON & CO., Seedsmen whose reaction was such that the nitro-germs

50 Church Street, N. ¥. Cice Z as Lal We and Florists, 35 and 37 Cortlandt Street, New York City. failed to develop; and fourth, to expecting benefits
: : on crops that were not leguminous.

1 Unless the grower can determine beforehand
whether a particular soil intended to grow a par-
ticular legume is in need of a particular bacterium
he is working entirely in the dark, and runs prob-
ably 50 chances out of roo of not deriving bene-
ficial results.

Do not therefore condemn nitro-cultures on
general principles because your own experiments
have been unfavorable, when it may have been
due to one or more of the causes of failure just
named.

WHAT EXPERIMENTS HAVE SHOWN

Experiments of the New York Experiment
Station have shown that in the attempt to grow
alfalfa in New York State failure was largely due
; to a deficiency of the proper germ in the soil, and
= : hier pai that decided benefits were derived from aro
9 inoculation of land with soil from successful alfalfa
Wagner’s Bulb and fields.

The commonly reported failures with cultures

on garden peas indicate that most garden soils
Pl ant Catalogue are already sufficiently supplied with the bacteria.
xB WRITE FOR IT. FREE The unsuccessful results of soil and seed inocula-

tion in the southern cow-pea districts appears to be

The Fall Best of All! Plant now due to the double fact, first, that the cow-pea germ

seems to be omnivorous in its habits and capable
Follow the successful growers. Our catalogue tells you of the finest hardy of infecting the roots of different legumes indis-

They are fall planters, largely. Conditions are nursery stock. criminately, and second, because these southern
better, risk of loss is less. i ! Everything for grounds and garden — cow-pea lands are usually heavily charged Sn aS
Your garden will be noticeably earlier, far hand- Everything Wagner quality : germs in question.
somer, far more certain. 4 “The man who knows”’ plants in the alt The most favorable results from the use of nitro-
Get your bulbs into the ground this fall. the Catalogue. Make up your list. Plant NOW! bacteria are obtained on poor land, or on ievndl
WAGNER PARK NURSERIES Box 674 SIDNEY, O. which has not previously grown a particular
legume; which condition is not hard to determine.
| Pennsylvania. FREDERICK D. CHESTER.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

|

The New Country Life

CONDITIONS HAVE CHANGED IN TEN YEARS

When this magazine was started, living in
the country as we know it now was just be-
ginning. People lived in the city until it got
too hot, and moved back as soon as it was cool
enough. Now the great majority of our
readers live in the city as little as possible and
in the country as much as possible — very
many the entire year.

THE BACK YARD AND PERGOLA PERIOD GONE BY

A backyard garden and a pergola repre-
sented the country idea of thousands of people
at the beginning of the century. An extra-
ordinary change has developed, and with
wonderful rapidity. People have come to
love the land and all that it stands for.

IMPORTANT CHANGES AND IMPROVEMENTS

The publishers of this magazine have decided
that the time has arrived when Country Life
in America can take another step forward.

About two years ago it doubled its fre-
quency of issue —two numbers instead of
one each month; giving more space to work
out larger editorial plans.

In no way do we propose to let go the attrac-
tive features we have built the magazine up-
on, but we are going to add some serial features
which go into the broader and deeper elements
of country living. Four plans are preparing,
as follows —- we wish we could give all the
particulars, but here are the outlines:

I Country Life in America

THAT FARM has had a‘good piece of luck.

It will begin probably in an

early issue the serial tale.of a man’s most inter-

esting experience undér the title of “That
Farm.” §

The author (who signs under. the pen name
of Harrison Wittingham, his own being with-
held for personal reasons) did not break down
in health and abandon a business life because
he had to, but, deliberately and with malice

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

“To business that we love we rise betime
And go to ’t with delight.”’—A tomy and Cleopatra

aforethought, gave up the career of a success-
ful man of affairs and was absorbed by “That
Farm.”

It is true that when Mr. Wittingham began
it was with no idea that farming might become

his ultimate occupation, but in interest as well

as in profit he found life on the farm a “‘highky
important and elevating calling,” much more ex-
citing than the drygoods business, more health-
ful, less nerve-racking and so altogether alluring
that he eventually gave up that trade because,
as he said, “I couldn’t spare the time for it.”

Not being pressed by lack of means and
accustomed to look at things in what some
people might call a large way, the author
brought to “the manufacture of agricultural
products” the trained intelligence of a busi-
ness man full of initiative and energy, with
sufficient capital to enable him to look far
ahead, to prepare for and carry the ordinary
risks of business life, and brains enough to
employ and use to full advantage competent
help which by his ability in organization he
made more competent and effective.

The serial will run through each issue of the
magazine.

II What it will yield
REEPERUED MUL LAND OY axcul and cf.
clentmanagement.

An inspiring and practical story, telling in the
most fundamental and direct way how land

. having certain characteristics is successfully
“developed and farmed.

It is written for
people who love the land and enjoy working it.

For instance:
story of a sandy hilltop; what was accom-
plished with a valley meadow; how a piece of
sour soil was converted into a smiling garden;
crop*increases, etc., etc. Here you have the
true solution of the cost of living.

Til Net Wall Street
HIGHEGRADEN STOCKS) ocksy but Rien
grade, pedigreed

living stock. The kind of cows that pay —
a large proportion of the average farmer’s
cows lose money for him. Poultry that is

The tale of a swamp; the-

37

managed for profit. The profitable pig. Sheep
and all‘the wonderful animals which bring

-pleasure and profit to the good husbandman.
~~ We want to help the readers of Country
Life to be experts and not poor guessers.

‘The story of those
who have suc-
ceeded will appear
in this series.

FOR YOU TO HELP

What shall all
this profit a man
if he never hears
what Country Life
has grown to be?

Because we re-
tain so large a
proportion of the
readers once in-
troduced toCoun-
try Life, we want
to spread the gos-
pel, and it pays
us to sacrifice all
chance of present
profit to get the
names of possible
new friends.
Therefore, we of-
fer to those not
at present sub-
scribers

Write names and addresses in this
space, and send with $1.00, and get
an eight-number subscription.

A YEAR END SUBSCRIPTION — ALL NUMBERS
TO JANUARY I, I913 FOR $1.00

The sooner the offer is accepted, the more
magazines you get for your money.

Will you subscriber If you already have
Country Life will you give us the names
and addresses on this blank space of people
whom you think might enjoy it. Can we use
your name as recommending Country Life in
America as a good thing for those who love
the country?

Please put the names and addresses in this
margin, or send them in a separate letter, and
oblige,

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO., PUBLISHERS

Garden City, Long Island, New York

If you wish information about dogs

38 apply to the Readers’ Service AER; GARDEN MAGAZINE SEPTEMBER, 1912

Livingston’s Popular $1.°9° Paeony Collection

Four Famous Sorts —
and a New Seedling,
One Strong Root of Each
for One Dollar Postpaid

This is THE Paeony opportunity of

the season. To acquaint you with
“true blue” quality Bulbs,
Seeds, etc., we offer this match-
less collection at a popular ee
ice. Wi ffer these sorts :
price. We can o
so reasonably because we grow
them in quantities on our own
farms.

Felix Crousse | Meissonier

Large, double, ball- Outer petals purple
shaped flowers. Brilliant amaranth, center crimson,
red, flamed double in center. | A very brilliant sort of extra
Price 60c. | quality. Price 30c.
Irma Queen Victoria |
Exquisite blush pink. Very Large, white flowers, center petals rs

dainty double flowers of elegant | tipped carmine. Early mid-season WR
shape. Very fragrant and one of | sort of compact growth. Excellent \7
the finest of the mid-season sorts. | as a cut flower and for shipping. ‘

Price 35c. Price 25c.
Superb, Unnamed Red Seedling Free

Among the hundreds of unnamed paeonies blooming last June et our “Th rue Blue” Nursery, one bniliant
red seedling impressed us as being particularly fine. To encourage liberal planting of above collection (catalog
value of which is $1.50), we will send gratis a strong root of this unnamed red with each order for Livingston's Popular

Dollar Paeony collection. Guide to Fall Planting of Bulbs Free

Describes and offers at reasonable rates a complete assortment of Dutch Bulbs, Paeonies, Irises, Phloxes, and Season-
able Seeds for fall planting. On second cover page you will read why we offer the above remarkable Paeony collec-
tion at the still more remarkable price. With many dependable culture directions and “‘true-to-nature”’ illustrations you
will learn to value our ‘Guide™ as a safe adviser in matters pertaining to fall planting. Write for your free copy today.

The Livingston Seed Co., °*3:.2" Columbus, Ohio

,

Do You Know Farr’s Peonies?

Most peony enthusiasts, in their search for rare and new varieties, so hard to obtain, have found them in the splendid
selection of peonies grown here at Wyomissing. They have also possessed themselves of my book “‘Farr’s Hardy Plant
Specialties”, which aside from descril ing accurately the hundreds of varieties which go to make up perhaps the most com-
plete collection of peonies in existence, tells you how I have been able to learn about these beautifal plants during the many
Junes I have lived among them. You will enjoy the story of how a hobby has grown and grown until it has
becomeso much a business 1 that happily I maybe able to give myself over to the enjoyment of He for the rest of my life.

If the soft iridescent beauty of the ‘Trises makes you a dreamer of “far aw ay things’’,
with the warmth of their glowing colors, intoxicating in the delightful fragrance of their great big foeees fills
you with the joy of life and
the glory of June. Fortun-
ately for me the Irises and
Peonies do not come to-
gether, so I can revel in
both to my heart’s content.

Perhaps you are one of
the many thousands who
do not yet know the beauty
of the modern Peony or
know not the lure of the Iris; if
so, you have missed much and
should send at once for
my book — it’s free.

B. H. FARR

WYOMISSING NURSERIES
643D Penn Street
Reading, Pa.

X 1 x nl The Readers’ Service will give
SEPTEMBER, 1912 THE GARDEN M AGAZINE ioimiaae about raulaiiobiles 7 39

ovEr Diagien — IDA ee Dae) bo oS = a ic a SRS Se ae oS se ee ee een aly aes Buerger
PAGE PAGE
To Monmes Inve, o 6 © G6 6 = 6 os 5 6) yin ScHOOL GARDENS AND How To BEGIN THEM
4
Frances Duncan 57
With THE SPIRIT OF THE GARDEN- - Jda M. WN. Starr 42 Photograph by M. L. Green :
Photographs by the author Abzos. Thames NRE eS SSS Se Se Se)
Native ASTERS FOR Fart GARDENS. Sherman R. Duffy 45 KrEpING Roses OvER WINTER - - - Robert L. Hughes 62
Photographs by the author 7
FERNS IN A WARDIAN CASE - - - (WMrs.) A. S. Hardy 64
BUYING THE SUBURBAN HomE— A WARNING pnekogmeds thy tae eoublios
L. J. Doogue 48 TOWARD THE END OF THE SUMMER - Thomas J. Steed 68
anor cera Ph abygcbey author CYCLAMEN FOR OutTpoorR BLroom - - Luke J. Doogue 70
Artistic Homrt GRrounps FoR $300- - Wilhelm Miller 50 i Pec Sn Sabo
Photograph by A. G. Eldredge THE GRAPE EAR HORPER Vlg = ee 72
CABBAGES OF UnusuaL Merir - - - Adolph Kruhm 52 A206) DON aWERS (COD es a ee
Phetographs by the author AN INTERESTING SUN-LOVING PLANT - - P.T. Barnes 74
é Photograph by the autho
STARTING BULBS FoR CHRISTMAS - - - Martha H. Clark 55 i Be ee,
Photographs by the author and A. G. Eldredge THE Younc Propir’s CLuB- - - - - - - - - - 76

For Foreign Postage

SUBSCRIPTION:
$1.50 a year
Single copies 15 cts.

CopyricHT, to12, By DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
Entered as second-class matter at Garden City, New York. under the Act of Congress, March 3, 1879

F. N. Dousenpay, President WaAtrTer H. Pace, HerBert S. Houston, Vice-Presidents S.A. Everitt, Treasurer RusseLtt DousLenay, Secretary

add 65c.
Yor Canada add 35c.

A Famous

Collection
OF

Peonies

CONSISTING OF

100 Choice
Varieties

E have given a good deal of careful attention for many

years to Bulbs: their importing from Holland, their planting Especially selected
and care. The finest out-door display of the early spring f a h

months comes from bulbs planted in the fall. or vigorous growth,

_ This year we have selected for a special offer six varieties of early | freedom of bloom, fragrance and delicate colors are
Single Tans the most beautiful of their several colores prescmik: Glesadised) Aa eesobnes <n (he Peony
Artus, Bright scarlet. Cottage Maid, Rose, flushed white. a 5 : 4
L’Immaculee, Pure white. Duchesse de Parma, Orange-scarlet with yellow border. Bulletin of Cornell University in our superb Fall
Crysolora, Pure yellow Thomas Moore, Terra-cotta shaded golden.

We will be pleased to send this assortment

at the following special prices, postage paid: We offer four sizes viz: strong divisions, | year, 2
Two of each (twelve bulbs) . 6

Four of each (twenty-four bulbs) .

Eight of each (forty-eight bulbs) .

One dozen of any one variety 6

Catalogue, No. 31, now ready.

year and 3 year plants, guaranteed true to name.

Also a superb list Iris, Phlox and

tions and a complete list of all bulbs for Autumn planting. } other Hardy Plants
May we send you a copy ?

Bee) TE WIORBUEN & COMPANY S.G. HARRIS Tarrytown, N. Y.

33 Barclay Street through to 38 Park Place, New York

Our Bulb Catalog for 1912 is now ready and contains illustra-

For information regarding railroad and steam-
ship lines, write to the Readers’ Service

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

Rosa Spinosissima

E HAVE succeeded in getting up a large stock of
: this rare and exquisitely lovely hardy single white

| Rose. With the exception of the marvelous
—— Cherokee Rose of the South, it is the most beauti-
ful single Rose in the world. The plant is compact and
bushy, growing four to five feet high, and in June it is
covered with large yellowish-white flowers of indescribable
beauty. It should be planted in groups, and like the Rosa
Rugosa, it can be used in the shrubbery. Coming from
Siberia, it is absolutely hardy. Limited stock.

50c. Each, $5.00 Per Dozen. Smaller Plants
30c. Each; $3.00 Per Dozen; $20.00 Per 100

We have the largest, finest and most comprehensive
stock of Hardy Plants in America, including three hundred
varieties of the choicest Peonies, and also the largest col-
lection of Japanese Iris in the world, and an unsurpassed
collection of named Phloxes.. Our illustrated catalogue,
describing these and hundreds of other Hardy Plants, Trees,
Rhododendrons, Azaleas, and Shrubs will be sent on request.

“A PLEA FOR HARDY PLANTS,” by J. Wilkinson Elliott, contains

much information about Hardy Gardens, with plans for their arrangement.

We have made arrangements with the publishers of this book to
furnish it to customers at a very low price. Particulars on request.

ELLIOTT NURSERY

336 Fourth Avenue Pittsburgh, Pa.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

40

ROSA SPINOSISSIMA

With single glass sash you
have to get out in the cold
and snow, night and morn-

ing, to cover and uncover
the beds.

With Sunlight Double
Glass Sash you eliminate
all the hard work of cover-
ing and uncovering. The
two layers of glass take the
place of the matsand boards.

The Recreation of Winter Gardening

Everyone who has a back vard would grow his own flowers and vegetables
discouraging EK of covering

were it not for the back- breaking and
and uncovering the beds with mats and boards.

You can have violets all winter: fresh
vegetables for the table; plants to
set out early.

Since you never cover plants under Sunlight
Double Gliss sash, they get all the light all the
lime and grow faster than they would otherwise.
This means that through the entire winter you can
have violets for your flower
, fresh green lettuce, etc.,
for the table, tomato
plants to set out as

neighbors
grocer’s

are paying

Write today for your set of gardening books.

soon as the weather will nema

Now everybody can try a bit of winter gardening. Sun-
light Double Glass Sash, the new invention, has two layers of
glass instead of one. Between the two
layers is a 5-8 inch layer of dry, still air,
a better protection than mats or boards—
eliminating all the hard work of hot-bed

for Hot-beds :
Cold: and cold-frame gardening.

and Cold-frames

Read what others have grown

Double Gis Sash”

The lowest temperature was 6 degrees below

fancy prices

and florist’s for these things,
have them right out of your own garden.

When your

at the
you

One is our free catalog; the other is a book on hot-beds and cold-frames by Professor Massey.

authoritative, tells how to make and care for the hot-beds, what and when to plant.

Sunlight Double Glass Sash Co., 927 E. Broadway, Louisville, Ky.

H. Wilson & Son, McLeansboro,

Illinois, used Sunlight Sash on cold-frames
all winter and spring, and grew cosmos,
in them,

asters, lettuce and tomatoes

zero and no plants were injured. "The sashes
were perfectly satisfactory and successful.”

It is
4c in stamps will bring Professor Massey’s book in addition to the catalog.

The G

arden Magazine

VoL. XVI—No. 2

PUBLISHED MONTHLY

SEPTEMBER, 1912

§ ONE DOLLAR FIFTY CENTS A YEAR
(FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY

[For the purpose of reckoning dates, New York is

generally taken as a standard. Allow six days’ differ-
ence for every hundred miles of latitude.]

Keep the Garden Growing

HE real gardener turns his back on

“vacations” with the advent of
September. This is, indeed, an ideal month
for the amateur who wants to get results
next year. For instance:

FROM AUGUST 20TH TO SEPTEMBER IST

Plant peonies (and indeed through Sep-
tember), evergreens and_ spring-flowering
bulbs.

Sow seeds of hardy perennials, grass seed
for new lawns or bad spots on old ones,
peas, beets, radishes, lettuce, spinach,
kohlrabi, and cabbage.

Divide clumps of perennials — golden
glow, dianthus, phlox, hollyhock, etc.—
thubarb, horseradish, mint, and chives.

Pot for winter the surplus from the
perennial clumps, strawberry plants started
from runners in the spring, parsley and a few
chives. :

Harvest beans, corn, squash, cucumbers,
melons —in fact everything that your
garden produces should be at its prime,
or at any rate very nearly ready for use.
Gather all vegetables a little too soon rather
than too late. Eggplant is an exception to
this; in the home garden the “eggs” can be
allowed to become rather soft as well as a
rich dark purple before they are gathered.

Let the onions lie in the sun for a day
or two after they are pulled; then top
them and spread them on racks, shelves,
or a wooden floor, indoors, for a week be-
fore sacking or barreling them.

Stop all cultivating around fruit trees
and bushes. If you have not already
sown a cover crop, broadcast some rye or
millet at once. Or else begin to mulch;

but lightly, and don’t use rich manure as
it will stimulate late growth. Cut straw,
chaff, and lawn clippings are best.

SEPTEMBER IST TO SEPTEMBER IOTH

Keep the celery hilled up and copiously
watered. Now is the time for it to make
its greatest growth.

Pick the tomatoes as they become full-
sized and turn pink, and ripen them in a
sunny window. This sends more life
into the younger fruits and hastens them
along. Even if all do not mature, the more
green ones you have for pickles the better.

Perhaps a sowing of extra early peas
about the 7th will ripen before frost — why
not try it? Anyway more radishes, lettuce
and spinach should certainly go in.

Fix up the coldframes in readiness for
young lettuce, parsley, spinach and cab-
bage plants. You can have all these
right up to Christmas if you get them under
glass in good season. Don’t bother to

‘transplant radishes; start new ones in

the frame. The larger cabbage heads if
nearly mature can be° “pitted” over
winter. You can therefore leave them in
the ground till frost.

Start the Christmas flowering bulbs,
both the Cape and the Dutch sorts, either
in soil, as befits tulips, freesias and hya-
cinths, or in bulb glasses and shallow dishes,
as in the case of Japanese lilies, narcissus,
jonquil, etc. Put all these in a dark, cool,
well ventilated place for six weeks or so.

For the window garden, nasturtiums,
sweet peas, mignonette and other small
annuals — really the outdoor kinds — can
be started in pots. Simply keep the con-
ditions around them as nearly as possible
like those under which they succeed in the
garden.

SEPTEMBER IOTH TO SEFTEMBER 20TH

Pick out the cool days for getting on the
roof of the greenhouse to replace broken
panes, oil the ventilator hinges and fix
things up generally. Inside the house
the benches should be looked over carefully,
the soil mixed and put in place, and pots,
flats, sand boxes for cuttings, and all
implements gotten together. If you have
had any severe fungus epidemics in your
benches, you had better completely replace
the soil or bake it, a little at a time. Also
paint the inside of the benches with an anti-
septic paint that is made for the purpose.

Cuttings of begonia, geranium and other
house plants, shrubs and fruit bushes,
grapes and other woody vines can be taken
now. Put the former, from which blossoms

41

are expected this winter, in pots or flats of
sand to root as soon as possible. Bury
the others in moist sand in a cool, damp
place till early spring.

This is the time to make a mushroom bed.
If it is well made, if the temperature and
moisture conditions are right, and if good
spawn is obtained, mushrooms are among
the very easiest of plants to raise. The
essentials are some good loam, some
fresh horse manure, and a somewhat. dark,
damp place that can be kept at about
60 degrees Fahrenheit all the time.

If the brambles have made much growth,
cut back the longest canes so that they will
not be whipped about and broken by the
wind.

The worst of the fly season is over;
you can start a compost pile — if you have
not been accumulating one all the season.
For the best results spread alternate
layers of sod and cow manure, building
a rectangular mass with steeply sloping
sides and a flat top slightly concave in the
centre. Water accumulating in this de-
pression will seep through the pile, prevent-
ing its burning and hastening its rotting.

Ammoniacal copper carbonate is about
the only suitable spray for this season if
any is needed. Ordinarily all that is
necessary is to gather and burn all plants
and parts of plants that show any traces
of disease. Do not throw these on the
compost pile.

For the Future

WEN you decide that the lawn will
need no more cutting, thoroughly
clean your mowing machine, taking it apart
and washing it in kerosene if you are
mechanically inclined, sharpen it, oil it,
and put it away. Assuredly you will be
grateful for this advice next spring when a
dozen duties call for attention all at once.

If you are among the “lucky ones”
having an open fireplace, give strict orders
that all wood ashes be saved for the garden;
you cannot put on too much. If cut worms
have been especially troublesome all sum-
mer dig or plow in a heavy application
of lime as well.

Has this year’s garden taught you any-
thing? Have you learned any new tricks
for destroying insects, diseases or weeds;
any new combination or succession plant-
ings for saving space and time; any un-
expected possibilities of certain varieties
of plants? Garden makers all over the
country are hungry for such information.
Let THE GARDEN MAGaAzINE carry the
helpful news from your garden to theirs.

Two sides of the Ha-ha.

The Spirit of the Garden —By Ida M.N. Starr,

The garden blends with the distance and animals may roam right up to the garden without encroaching upon it,
the Ha-ha makes this possible

CHAPTER I[— THE ‘‘Ha-HAa’”’

The sunken wall of

Mary-
land

A story in three chapters which shows us something of the intangible yet very real side of the lover of a garden and which is quite apart from, the excitement of large

yields or strange combinations.

ve it is two years now since we made
our pact — to plant each some trees
and then to compare notes. Then it was
a dream garden; now—! But wait.
One day I wrote a letter to World-Man:

Place — THE CountTrRY
Time — The Full Moon of October

My pvear Wortp-Man:

I see nothing else for you to do. A promise is a
promise, and I am asking you to come. You have
surely not forgotten our agreement made two years
ago that we should dream of trees, then plant them
and show results to each other. Will you come to
the Gardens of Hope?

Tue Mistress oF Hope.

World-Man replies:

Tue City
Two Days Later
My DEAR CHATELAINE:

If you say it is the full of the Moon it must be
so, though I know nothing about moons. In fact
don’t often see the sun. Don’t really have time
to think about the weather anyway, except now and
then as an annoyance. You ask me to the Gardens
of Hope; could any man refuse? Will Tuesday
noon be too late? If so, wire me, please.

About trees — abashed as I am to have so little
to report, I shall come and at least be a free man
for a day, and I am sure a happier one.

Wor.p-Man.
* * * * *

So on Tuesday morning, as I go down the
path I say to Copper:

“Copper, I want the garden to shine
to-day, for someone is coming who loves
trees and gardens and he must find the
walks clean and the flowers with shining
faces. Tell Uncle Jacob to work in the
nursery all the morning, those miserable
weeds are choking our little hemlocks.”’

At noon that October day the little bob-
tailed train from the city shrieked once,

It is indced the reflection of the subtle enjoyment of the outdoors.

then jerked into the station where I stood
waiting.

“Oh, you’ve finally come, haven’t you?”

“Ves, I’m here, but if I had had any idea
that

“Pray don’t expect me to apologize for
this train service. It’s only one of the
things that keeps us a little apart, for if
we had faster trains and Pullman cars, all
the world might come “resorting” down
here, and it would spoil everything. You
know we are really quite near the big
cities.”

“T wasn’t thinking of the train, not at
all — though it’s bad enough. Id endure
a dozen changes instead of one if they led
me at last to such a country as you’ve told
me about. I was thinking that if I had
had any idea you really meant what you
said two years ago about coming down to
make a ‘‘report”’ I should have come sooner
even if I hadn’t cared for trees and gardens.
How far are you out in the country?”

“Tn the summer when the roads are good,
by motor twenty minutes. In the winter
sometimes when the cross-roads are heavy
we're so far away that we forget there
are cities anywhere, we’re quite out of
your world then. The roads are good
now.”

When it is October and all the leaves are
ablaze and when the sun drops patches of
old gold on the highway, when the birds
gossip together of their springtime affairs
and the leaves are tumbling somersaults,
when the great rest of Autumn has softened
the rampant energies of nature into long
somnolent pauses, then it’s time to keep
trysts — whether it be for lovers of maids,
or lovers of flowers, or lovers of trees, it’s

42

the time. So World-Man came, and, before
he realized that he was passing through one
of the quaintest little towns on the “ East-
ern Shore,” we had reached the shell road
and were spinning along past farmhouses
and woodlands. Soon we came to a long
bridge over Miles River — an arm of the
Bay — bumped over the ruts where the
shells end at the little houses in the Negro
village half way on where good old Aunt
Sally lives, where we go to find our waiter
men and our farm hands; and then on
four miles further over as fair a countryside
as ever adorned the earth, reached a second
bridge, a short one over a winsome creek
where the Thomas Blades, a Chesapeake
Bay bugeye was unloading a cargo of
lumber from the Virginia shore. Beyond
the creek was the Country School, and a
lot of little girls playing crack-the-whip
to the scorn of the boys who longed to
join but didn’t dare, and then in a minute
more I called for the car to stop for we
were facing the green wall of high, plumed
woodland that encircles Hope on the east.

“There, see, that’s the beginning, where
the trees stand massed together in the deep
woods. That wall shuts in our City of
Refuge. I never come to this opening
into the shadows but something tells me
to wait, to take a deep breath and look
up. The Gardens of Hope lie shut in
beyond, ever so far beyond this place.
It is just here that we begin to get the
roar of your world out of our ears.”

One turn more and we entered the
circuitous drive that has lured us year
after year from the beaten track.

“Why, it’s a bit of Fontainebleau! How
in the world did you ever take the new look

SEPTEMBER, 1912

off? It’s quite as if it had always been
here.”

“Oh, the woods soon heal up the scars
down here in Maryland.”

“Tt’s naturally a wood region with
plenty of warm sun a good part of the
year, I imagine.”

“Ves, indeed, plenty of sun. There
were the usual predictions of failure when
we laid out the road through this tangle
of woodland across the wet places. Up
there by the yellow pines and down here
in this low place where the beeches begin
it certainly was a discouraging place to
ask men to work. The natives thought the
Master of Hope “‘sure queer” for going
crooked through the woods when by strik-
ing a line from one end to the other he
could have had a “‘nice straight road just
like the county highway, with proper
straight ditches on either side.” But
he made the road just as you see it now, and
marked every tree that was to be cut down.
It took one whole beautiful year to com-
plete the drive. I was sorry when it was
finished, it was such a delight to watch the
curves grow.”

“T see how carefully the ditches have
been planned to carry away the water

The old Ha-ha at Wye.

THE GARDEN

without being unsightly. This rounded
road surface must always keep in good
condition.”

We left the wood and followed the cove
that leads into the creek through the
fields, where the corn was stacked in wide
open rows, making room for planting win-
ter wheat.

“Shall we leave the car and walk the
rest of the way?”

“Yes indeed. I want to get some
country mud on my shoes.”
“Youll have plenty of that. Greens-

bury, tell them at the House we'll be in
for luncheon by one o’clock.”’

We walked down over the first bridge,
up a bit of a hill and came to the outer
plantation of catalpas.

“Well, what’s all this?”

“Some of our first experiments, Catalpa
speciosa, the western catalpa, for fence
posts! Just a plain commercial product.”

“How long before they’ll be big enough
to use?”

“Possibly in four years. They are three
years old now. We have several acres in
the different plantations, so some time
we'll have plenty when we need new posts
about our fields.”

MAGAZINE

43

“Pardon me if I venture to differ from
you on the subject of fence posts. You're
not up to date. I use concrete posts.”

‘““Of course, in the city.”

“No, not in the city, on my farm in the
country.”

“On your farm? Then you have a farm?
Why didn’t you tell me? Where is it?”

“Oh, yes, I’ve got a farm, had it a long
time, ever since I was a boy, but just where
it is, well, I couldn’t say exactly, it has
a queer way of changing its location, now
it’s one place and now it’s another.”

“You have so many farms? That’s a
heap of trouble.”

“T haven’t many, only one, and that’s
no trouble, not in the least.”

“When do you go down there?”’

“T couldn’t just say exactly, but now,
this is confidential, I am there just at odd
times. Oh yes, I’m in the country a good
bit.”

“Tt certainly is queer about your farm.”

“Tt certainly is, but as I said — on my
farm I use concrete posts.”

“Naturally they'd be all right there,
because on your kind of a farm I suppose
the concrete is always at hand and the
right man on the spot to do the work, but

There is another at Mount Vernon, for which this was the model

4

here where you're off at the end of nowhere
you can’t always get the concrete and the
right man doesn’t come when he’s wanted,
and it’s easier and surer to grow trees and
use wooden posts. It takes such a lot of
planning and scheming to get the man and
the weather to hit it all off at the same
time.”

“The wooden post is certainly cheaper.”

“And then, oh World-Man, think of the
trumpet vines and the honeysuckle — how
they love wooden posts! Let’s follow the
Pear Tree Drive. These brave little Kief-
fers (outlandish looking things when they’re
grown up, aren’t they), are here two thirds
for farm product and one third just because
we wanted some day to drive along the
banks of our creek in the fall and pick ripe
pears on the way home. Next spring we'll
plant cherry trees down the lane for

blossoms in April and cherry pie in
June.”
“T like cherry pie. Count me in.”
“Do you? So do I. Come down next
June.”

“But the dream trees you wrote about?
I wonder if they are my kind; where are
they?”

“Why you're right in the midst of them.
They’re everywhere; don’t you see them
all around you?”

“What, not these little things?”

“Yes, these little things; are you dis-
appointed? You didn’t expect to find
them grown up, did you?”

“Well, mine, you know

“Oh, yes, of course yours are different,
down on your farm. Of course I know
they are high and broad, and they cast
long cool shadows and happy children
play under them.”

“Yes, yes, that’s my kind, but these —
they’re hardly big enough to throw shade
for a rabbit.”

“T know it, that’s just the fine part
about dream trees, because they begin at
the beginning, and you learn to love the
care of young things; for there is a hunger
in your soul somewhere to solve the
mystery of all this growing, to find out
how trees act when they are children, to
learn to read the riddle of the grass and
the fields.”

“To you ever read the riddle?”

“No, can’t say that I do, never expect
to solve it, but even so the trees tell me a
great many things I never find in books
and as for the riddle I just keep looking
on and watching. That group of white
pines near the tulip, the Austrian and
Scotch pines yonder, the Spanish and
Japanese chestnuts raised from tiny seed-
lings, are all my dream trees. And down
there by the water gate, how we have
planted and replanted that particular

”

tree! It is a Douglas spruce from the
Pacific Coast. We have finally gotten
it well started. It ought to live hundreds
of years.”

“T don’t suppose you can be any more
certain about the life of a tree than you can
that of a man, can you?”

“No, not much more. Each with his

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

approximate term of years to live, I think
the balance of certain longevity would
swing in favor of the tree.”

“Of course, trees are normal, that’s the
reason. They live out-of-doors and they
do their own work, and no other. They
stand a better chance for long life than we
do; and besides they have all their own
time. They are never hurried; they ought
to outlive us mortals.”

“Yes, that’s the secret of it all, outdoors,
one kind of work and no interruptions.
Now just imagine how the silver fir up
there by the Heart Garden, or the English
holly, or the red and white oaks, or the
tulip tree how they must feel to be setting
out on such a journey. I often linger here
to watch them, and — well —I’m never
lonely here, each day there’s a change
somewhere. There is so much to see that
if there were nothing else to do but to just
open my eyes to let the pictures pass, the
whole day would be full. I love to think
of the long march these little trees are pre-
paring for, off so far into the centuries.”

“They don’t make much ado about it.”

“No indeed, they stand here so serenely
and so unmoved that it seems sometimes
as if the philosophers of ancient days had
come back to earth again and were dis-
coursing here in their long green togas.”

“T would not dispute you. Didn’t
Epictetus say something about the joy
of looking at the sun, moon and stars and
the big earth, too? The philosophers lived
in gardens more than we think. But those
little graceful waving things yonder, surely
they’re not the sages, they’re entirely too
winsome.”

“No they are the singers. They adorn
life with song and shortly make room for
others of their kind who love melody. All
of these pretty creatures circling the bowl-
ing green, the Irish junipers, the pyramidal
arborvites, the little ornamental trees and
all the lovely shrubs, have a struggle for
even a short life.”

“Their branches certainly look frail, as
if they might be easily broken. I suppose
the heavy storms play the mischief with
their lovely limbs.”

“Ves, that is the reason we keep them
near the house so that we can fly to their
rescue. These little trees. here are more
intimately ours than are.the dream trees,
but their purpose is in a certain sense
transitory. They live, and shortly die,
as we do. They bring beauty to the earth
and pass on. Now they are yours and
mine, then in a few years they are gone.
But the dream trees—oh, they are so
different.”

“T can readily see what you mean.
Dream trees in comparison with flowers,
shrubs and such ornaments of a garden
are as the symphony is to the overture,
or like masterpieces in any art. When
they have once left the soul of their creator
they cease to be his. He has experienced a
world idea. The world takes the idea for
its own and it belongs to the world. In
the symphony we forget the composer; in
the epic, the poet.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

“Yes, it’s the same kind of work —
music, painting, poetry, trees, all the same.
It’s all God’s idea of beauty told in one
way and another. All the trees out there
in the field are there as pictures in a great
gallery for any one to love and rejoice in
and as they live on they will have less of
the me and mine in them and more of the
Universe in them. Finally, the human
creator who is responsible for their life
becomes nothing but a phantom, but they
live on.”

“Don’t you think youre a pit hard on
the material man who waits and waits
and finally is blotted out into a mere
phantom?”

“Possibly. I know I’m not giving you
the least idea how we feel about these
trees. I don’t believe I ever could show
you how human they are, you’d just have
to feel that all yourself, or maybe you do
know what it is. Do you?”

“T can’t say that I do, because you see
my trees are ready-made; came with my
farm, you know.”

“Yes, I suppose so, but there’s all the
difference in the world between angels
sitting up in the sky on pink clouds and
live human beings down here on the earth.
Your trees are the angels, mine are the
human beings.”

We took the unbroken path, through
high stiff grass, and found mud for the
World-Man’s boots in the marsh near the
creek and came to the Japanese orange
hedge near the tennis court.

“See this row of baby trees, all prickly
and proud?”

“They go tumbling down there almost
into the river, don’t they?”’

“Yes, they cross the field as far as the
creek. I brought some of them in a small
bundle from Perry Hall, last year, and
then the Master of Ratcliffe Manor gave
us a few of the little oranges from his bush.
We separated the plants, put them in the
nursery, let them get used tous awhile,
then set them here for good; and we
planted the seed to be doubly sure, and
here we are with a hedge growing that will
defy man and beast in a few years. We'll
be gathering tiny bitter oranges before
long to mix with the sweet ones for marmal-
ade, and in four or five years these trees
will be high, perhaps over your head. Just
think of that!”

“That’s fine. The trouble with us up
in the city is that we’re always crying for
quick results, we don’t want to wait for
anything. to really grow, and perhaps we
lose a great: deal of the satisfaction that
comes as the result of one’s own work.”

“Yes, you don’t realize that Nature is
the quickest mother God ever made. It
will be no time at all until we can turn the
sheep into the Point Meadow. They'll
never get into the garden, for even if the
hedge should die out, which it won’t do,
we'd have the Ha-Ha alongside it.”

“The Ha-Ha? My dear Chatelaine.
Now I'll confess I’ve had some experience
on my farm, but I’ve never heard of a
‘Ha-Ha’ hedge.”

SEPTEMBER, 1912

“Oh it’s not a hedge at all.

Ha-ha. That’s all.”

“Well that’s new to me.”

“But it’s not new. It is ever so old.
Tt was thought out by a landscape archi-
tect of the eighteenth century.”

_“One of those ingenious chaps that
started us in formal gardens?”

' “Ves, one of them. He wished to blend
the garden, lawn and distant meadows into
an unbroken line and at the same time keep
the sheep and cattle from the garden, so
he thought out the brick-lined ditch.
When chis garden was made the world
went to look; and behold, there were
fragrant untouched flowers, unsullied lawn
and cattle grazing a stone’s throw distant.
“How now’ the world cried ‘are these oxen
different from their kind that they touch
not grass or blossom?’ ‘Look’ said the
ingenious architect, ‘find the fence.’
Whereupon they all laughed ‘Ha-ha,’

It’s just a

Native Asters for Fall Gardens —By Sherman R. Duffy,

AN EASY WAY TO HAVE RICH COLOR PICTURES IN

THE GARDEN

and that’s why it’s called a ‘Ha-ha’ to-
day.”

“So you are to have a ‘Ha-ha’ and a
hedge too?”

“Yes. We
necessary.”

“T suppose the hedge would answer all
necessary purposes?”

“T suppose it might, if it grew up with-
out a break, but we just must have a ‘Ha-
ha.’ It goes with eighteenth century
atmosphere of the old box and the yew
tree, and I have a feeling that they’ll feel
more at home when the ‘Ha-ha’ is rebuilt,
for it was all here long ago.”

The World-Man walked by my side
with his head bent. We crossed the bowl-
ing green, ascended the white steps to the
veranda. He stood there and looked out
on. the Point Field where the tiny thorn
orange trees rose in a little green fringe
above the grass.

have decided that it’s

MAGAZINE

45

“Tl have it, Dll have it.’ He did
not seem to be addressing me or any one
in particular. He spoke with defiance a
he looked out to the little oranges. “TI
have it.’ He said again. “My signs
haven’t done any good, nor any of those
mottoes I’ve hung around. I'll show them.
I'll show them a few things. T’ll show them
that when a man has a farm and says
» Keep out” he means it. Come,” he
said, grasping my arm. “Show me how
you're going to build that thing over
there:

“Why, what do
Man?”

“T mean the ‘Ha-ha,’ that’s what I
mean, of course. I’m going to have one.”

“You going to have a ‘Ha-ha?’”

“Yes all around my farm to keep the
cattle out, that my eyes may wander still
further beyond my desk away far, far
away.”

yn

=

”

you mean, World-

Illi-
nois

THE LATTER PART OF THE YEAR — SOME

VARIETIES THAT ARE MOST WORTH GROWING AND HOW TO GET FLOWERS IN GREATEST PROFUSION

RIEF,” says Lamartine, “knits two
hearts in closer bonds than happiness
ever can; and common sufferings are far
stronger links than common joys.” Friend
Neighbor and myself are bound by common
ties of sorrow, suffering, and indignation,
too deep for printable words. The grief
that binds our hearts is caused by the pre-
datory piracy of a flock of Plymouth Rock
chickens owned by a saurian-souled man
across the road.
A Plymouth Rock is the most destruc-
tive of fowls because it has larger feet
coupled with more ingrained and _irre-

pressible energy than any other member
of the gallinaceous tribe. There are breeds
with larger feet, perhaps, but they are
lacking in industry.

The casus belli aside from the chickens
was a flourishing collection of perennial
asters which ceased flourishing when they
came in violent contact with the feet of the
Plymouth Rocks. It came about in this
wise: Friend Neighbor and myself had
seized upon the first warm day of spring
to remove the mulch from our borders.
Fine patches of asters were exposed, show-
ing at least an inch of sturdy greenness.

They were uncovered in the forenoon and,
while we were taking our midday meals,
the Plymouth Rocks came across the road,
divided themselves into two marauding
squads and proceeded to kick the aster
clumps to pieces.

We saved as many pieces as possible
and at once lodged ungentle complaint
with the owner of the chickens while
speeding their departure.

The parting volley was fired from the
opposite side of the street. The owner of
the hens being a stiff-necked character
and not amenable to reason concluded by

James Kelway, a large flowered form of the New York

aster. Pale lavender and a profuse bloomer

Aster ericoides, var.

Enchantress; white. turning St. Egwin. with flowers of pure pink, is remarkable

pink, has very small flowers. like the baby’s breath also for the size of the blooms. Form of the New York

46

shouting, in effect, that the old weeds his
hens ate weren’t worth anything, and no-
body but a couple of rattle-headed “‘bugs”’
would plant weeds anyhow!

In the first place, a weed is not an entity
but a state of mind. “The weed” is
tobacco and ‘‘weeds” means the sable
garb of woe of a widow. Otherwise, there
is no such thing as a weed per se. If there
is any doubt about the matter an un-
abridged dictionary will dispel it speedily,
it intimates plainly concerning the state
of mind which creates a weed, and the
simplest way of defining a weed is that it is
something which grows where something
else is expected and desired to be. An
auratum lily springing unbidden in a
potato patch is a weed if anybody so wishes
to call it.

Therefore, the perennial aster is not a
weed when it is planted with a definite
purpose, no matter if it has been dug up
from the roadside. Perhaps it was a weed
along the roadside. It all depends upon
who owned the roadside.

The aster is a perennial for everybody,
for it will grow anywhere except on the
top of a hot stove —and I am not sure
of this last statement for I never tried it.
However, I do know that it will grow on
the summit of dry cliffs in the blazing sun
of August and September and flourish
when the temperature is so high that it
puts human beings to flight.

it may be had in some species or other
in bloom from early spring until killing
frost, starting with the tiny two-inch
Aster alpinus, var. Himalaicus to Aster
trinervis. It will grow in any size and any

shape, in sun or shade, wet or dry, tall or
dwarf —it is merely a matter of selecting

Among the asters are many forms. sizes and colors
of daisy-like flowers for fall bloom

THE GARDEN

the species and variety. It is a democratic
sort of a plant that fits in anywhere. Its
colors never are glaring and it has no
positive likes and dislikes from a cultural
standpoint

In cultivating perennial asters, the first
point to be decided is wherther they are
to grow or be grown. This is a paradoxical
case where the passive voice means the
greatest activity. Either the aster does
the work or you do with the aster assisting.
If the aster merely grows, the result is a
bunch of bloom surmounting ragged and
unbeautiful stems. If they are grown,
asters provide a solid mound covered from
the ground to the summit with bloom.

Friend Neighbor’s initiation into aster
growing was accomplished with much

The alpine asters are only a few inches high and
need careful nursing through the summer

growling. Strolling over to where I was

busy preparing the stakes for asters, he

was moved to query what I was caging
and why I thought such harmless looking
plants were likely to escape. I explained
to him that it had been my experience that
staking was the making or marring of an
aster.
from a memory of the display the season
previously. ‘‘You mean those daisies,”
he said. “Yes,” I answered. ‘But why
do you call them asters?” he asked.
Whereupon I explained, as I often have
done before to inquiring friends, that an
annual aster isn’t an aster at all but a
China aster, which is a common name for
something which is something else besides
an aster.

Michaelmas daisy is rather a poor name
in this part of the country because nobody
could be discovered who knew just what or
when Michaelmas was. I didn’t know the
date myself until I consulted an encyclo-
pedia and found that it was September
2oth and that the asters had been so named

MAGAZINE

What the asters were was identified -

Boltonias are like giant asters and flower in Septem-
ber, Excellent for background effect

because they were supposed to be at their
best at this period.

Having elucidated as well as I could
the nature and pedigree of a perennial
aster, Friend Neighbor became interested
and he too started caging asters. The cage
to which he referred was the staking
arrangement which I have found most
convenient for securing a maximum display
of perennial asters. It consists of bamboo
stakes which can be secured in various
lengths from seed stores at small expense.
J have found that a clump of asters is at
its best when limited to about half a dozen
stems. The stakes are placed in a circle
close to the roots of the aster, one for each
shoot, and radiating outward so that they
form the outline of a funnel with the nar-
row opening at the base of the plant. As
the aster shoots increase in height they are
tied to these stakes, the head of the plant
being thus spread to a considerable distance.
Then, when the scores of little flowering
branches carrying hundreds of buds break
out, the entire space is filled and the plant
is concealed by masses of flowers. ;

It takes considerable work to train the
plants but it is well worth the trouble.
Asters are too often seen tied up in a bundle
like a shock of oats. Half the bloom is ©
lost by this arrangement, which buries a
large proportion of the buds in a mass of
foliage. When properly staked a strong
plant of the New York aster will cover a
space of three feet, and the New England
aster will extend over even a greater
diameter. The stems of the New England
aster are more brittle than those of the
New. York aster so it is not so easy to
handle. Its bare stems should be masked
by lower growing varieties so that the
flower mass in the border will be con-
tinuous.

With this staking arrangement, the
asters are planted about three feet apart,
which gives ample space for earlier crops
of perennia.s betweenthem. I have found

SEPTEMBER, 1912

them the most satisfactory second crop
for perennial poppies.

Perennial asters are the most useful
plant I know of—in fact the only one that
is absolutely reliable — for forming great
masses of bloom in the fall months, but
they are made doubly valuable when their
grayish blues, lavenders, and purples are
contrasted with their invariable compan-
ions in the wild, the yellow composites,
such as the sunflowers, goldenrods, helen-
iums, and rudbeckias. Friend Neighbor
was moved to remark, in discussing a
yellow and purple color scheme, that it
struck him as a Senegambian symphony
but that, as it came in watermelon time,
it was probably appropriate. I assured
him that the color scheme was classically
severe, being Assyrian, after the manner
of the far-famed cohorts which came down
on the fold, gleaming in purple and gold.

There is nothing much commoner in the
country than the sunflower and aster in
the fall, but the wild sunflowers cannot be
put into a border with impunity. Neither
can the domesticated ones for that matter,
but Miss Mellish, Wolley Dod, and one
or two other varieties make a wonderful
display if planted sparingly in the back-
ground of a fall border and given plenty
of room to develop the individual plants.
In the rich soil they will form pyramids of
yellow eight feet tall, and are valuable for
cutting. Friend Neighbor and myself
solve the sunflower problem by having a
reserve patch in an out of the way corner.
In the spring we take as many sprouts as
we want plants, place them in the border,
and, as soon as the bloom begins to fade,
pull them up. This is the only safe way,
as the rootstocks, which ramble under-
ground, do not start into active growth
until just after the flowering season.

The heleniums also go with the asters
—that is the yellow ones. And with the
asters to furnish breaks in the skyline or
perspective, the most useful plants are the
boltonias, the pinkish purple B. /atisquama,
and the white B. asteroides. Strictly
speaking they are not asters, but may be
regarded as such from a gardening stand-
point. They must be regulated like the
sunflowers as they are great colonizers
and spring up as thick as lodging-house
voters on election day.

I have been growing asters for a number
of years and Friend Neighbor is assisting
enthusiastically. Collecting these peren-
nials has been most fascinating because the
improvement in them has been so remark-
able in the last few years. Of the species
and varieties I grew seven years ago I now
have only three, and each season better
varieties come to displace the older ones.
The asters seem to be a bugbear to botan-
ists. Even the Cyclopedia of American
Horticulture sidesteps them, but there are
a few species so well defined as not to be
mistaken which form the best of the family
from a gardening standpoint. They are
native asters, too, which have returned
to us after striking improvement by Euro-
pean nurserymen. At the head of the list

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

should be placed the so-called New York
asters, Aster Nove-Belgie. The latest de-
velopment in this section is a series of pure
pink and rose shades which are the finest
yet produced. Originally this aster was
found only in blue, lavender, purple and
white. Then, too, the size of the individual
blossoms has been increased almost two-
fold in some varieties and, in others, where
the size of the bloom has not been increased,
the number of blooms per plant is wonder-
ful. Fortunately, even the very best
varieties are not expensive and when a
good variety is secured its seedlings will
offer an opportunity to secure more desirable
plants. The selection of extra good types
from the seedlings is one of the most inter-
esting features of aster growing.

The New York asters have only one
fault: they will mildew the first cool damp
day in fall but it does not affect the bloom-
ing in the least. They are most effective

in broad masses placed in front of the taller
growing kinds.
The varieties which Friend Neighbor

Three types of aster that will enrich the garden in fall. The tall New England (A.

AT

and myself have found extra good are
these:

St. Egwin, pure pink, large flowers,
many branched and compact, but not so
floriferous as others of the section. Three
feet.

Elsie Perry, rose pink, small-flowered,
covered with bloom in its season. A very
showy sort. Three feet.

Collerette Rose, purplish rose, taller
growing than the preceding and does not
branch so freely.

James Kelway, light lavender, large-
flowered, a tremendous bloomer. Two
and one half feet.

F. W. Burbidge, light purplish lavender.
A very free bloomer. One of the older
varieties.

Mrs. D. Evans, a tall grower, azure
blue, flowers in closer formation than any
of the preceding.

Nancy, a good clear blue. Three feet.

Dwarf White Queen, the best white of
this section I have found. Large-flowered
and of fine habit. About two feet.

Novae-Angliae); the

lower a New York variety (A. Novae-Belgiae); and the misty small leaved A. ericoides

48

These have been selected from some-
thing like twenty-five varieties we have
tried. The New York asters are being
introduced in such quantities that a list
of the best ones cannot be named with any
certainty, but the above I know to be good.

The New England asters, Aster Nove-
Anglia, are the tallest growing and the chief
criticism against them is that the foliage
is rather coarse. They are the largest
flowering of the natives. I have been
disappointed in the named varieties of this
section and my own selected seedlings seem
fully as good. The alleged pink and crim-
son varieties occur rarely in seedlings, and
the two I have found satisfactory are Mrs.
J. F. Rayner, a purplish red, and Ryecroft
Pink, described as soft rose in catalogues;
but if mine is soft rose, my idea of the color
is most erroneous. It looks to me like
light purplish pink.

There are a number of named varieties
in the type or purple forms but from a lot
of seedlings (and there will be hundreds of
them if a plant is allowed to mature), it is
an easy matter to select colors. There is
considerable variety ranging from light,
washed-out purples to deep, dark ones and
also quite a variation in the size of the
flowers.

The heart leaved asters, Aster cordi-
folius, offer a number of very attractive
varieties. Two especially good ones are
A. cordifolius, variety Photograph, which
has airy sprays of pale blue, and Ideal
which has small lavender flowers. These
plants are of slender habit and they grow
to about three feet high.

The heath leaved asters, Aster ericoides,
for misty beauty are rivals of the gypso-
philas. The leaves are small and, as the
name indicates, something like the heath,
and the plant is smothered with myriads
of tiny flowers mostly white turning pink
with age. Nearly all the asters have
yellow centres at the start which turn pink
or purple. The variety Enchantress is
extra good.

The Italian asters, Aster amellus, are
low growing midsummer bloomers, the
individual blooms being larger than the

THE GARDEN

New York asters as a rule and much more
refined than those of the New England
types. They do not grow over two feet
high and have few flowers to a stem. A
mass of these asters is very showy and
they introduce the main crop. I have the
varieties elegans, a deep purplish; Perry’s
Favorite, sometimes described as red, but
in my plants a pure deep rose, quite the
handsomest of this section; and Preziosa,
a deep blue.

A number of exotic asters have been
introduced in the last few years but none
of them will displace our native varieties
for gardening effects.

Aster mesa grande speciosa grandiflora
(‘sounds like one of the royal family”
according to Friend Neighbor) is a beauti-
ful species and seems hardy. It is one of
the Asiatic asters lately introduced. It has
big deep blue flowers and is in bloom in
July. It should make a gorgeous mass.

Aster diplostephloides, var. Leichtlini is
another attack on the maxillaries which has

The tall growing New York aster needs one of the
lower kinds in the foreground

MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER, 1912

come into notice in the aster family. The
individual flowers are very large, somewhat
suggesting a pyrethrum, and of a pale
lavender, but it did not survive the winter
for me.

Aster ibericus, var. Ultramarine is one of
the best of its color, a beautiful deep blue.
The flowers come in clusters and it seems
one of the best of the new introductions.

Aster sub-ceruleus differs considerably
in style of growth from other members of
the family. It has no superstructure, as
it were, the surprisingly large bluish purple
blooms springing from a rosette of root
leaves. It did not do well for me and, as
I have been unable to learn its likes and
dislikes, it is as yet merely an experiment.

Aster Beauty of Colwell advertised as a
new double type, is a disappointment as I
have it. It is not double in the true sense
of the word but a freak, the doubling being
by fasciation in a few of the terminal
blooms while later ones are single. It is
straggling in growth.

The alpine asters do not do well for me
as the hot summer seems to be too much
for them. I like the little Himalayan aster,
Aster alpinus, var. Himalaicus, but can
only grow it by nursing it carefully during
the summer. It is a tiny plant not over
two inches tall and the blossoms are out cf
all proportion to the rest of the plant.

The asters mentioned here are only a
few out of hundreds and the development
of this fine perennial seems only just begun.
Its chief advantage is that it is one plant
anybody may have for the digging, for
every community in Illinois has some aster
or another in profusion during late summer
and autumn. No perennial that I know
of responds so quickly and satisfactorily
to cultivation and good treatment. The
better the soil the better the aster. The
individual bloom is not so much affected
by soil conditions but the number of blooms
is vastly increased.

The great point is to develop blooming
surface and the aster will proceed to cover
it with hundreds of blossoms and give more
value received in the way of beauty over
a longer period than most hardy perennials.

Buying the Suburban Home—A Warning—By L. J. Doogue, *..

THE DANGER OF PURCHASING A SITE WITHOUT PROPER RESTRICTIONS — HOW YOUR IN-
VESTMENT MAY BE DEPRECIATED BY NEIGHBORING BUILDERS— MAKING THE BEST OF IT

iB THE suburbs of any large city to build
a house on a street that is not wholly
built up, is to take a great chance. Even
though there are restrictions as to the class
and character of houses that can be built,
there are always possibilities which may
make the investment not as desirable as
the owner at first supposed it to be.

My experience under these conditions
well illustrates this point. Eleven years
ago I took a house in a very desirable
neighborhood and the street was then
restricted for a period of ten years to single

houses costing not less than $5,000 each.
No more attractive prospects could be
found anywhere and everyone predicted
an immediate building campaign on the
street. It was just the ‘‘cock sureness”’ that
was the undoing of the brilliant future, for
such prohibitive prices were asked that
buyers hung back and the years slipped by
without the expected building boom ma-
terializing. Three months after the re-
striction expired, no less than thirty-three
three-flat monstrosities, with their fright-
ful bird cage back verandas, were thrown

together, seemingly in a night, and before
the plastering was dry, those unmistak-
able signs of occupancy, lace curtains, were
flapping in the evening breeze.

What a change! For ten years I had
looked out of my windows across tree-
dotted fields and heard the twittering of
the birds. Now if f look out of my window
I see a painted wall and instead of the birds
I hear the rum-tum-tum of a mechanical
piano or the rasping falsetto of a choking
phonograph. By depreciating the value
of my house the change has cost me $2,000.

This dwelling was erected on a street restricted for ten years to single houses.
At the end of that time flat houses miraculously sprang uD on all sides

There are certain degrees of badness in
“Three Flatters.”, but the ones built
next to my house were of the superlative
degree. When such houses are erected in
sections devoted exclusively to them,
property holders are not injured, but when
they invade districts originally intended
for single houses, they cause a very serious
depreciation in these estates. They are
almost always built close:to the line of the
sidewalk, the space between them being
as narrow as possible, three houses squeezed
on two lots, poorly constructed, studiously
inartistic, and tenanted by an ever-changing
class of occupants that are always on the
lookout for new houses into which to move.
While the fronts of the houses show little
that is attractive, it is in the rear that they
demonstrate the possibilities of archi-
tectural nightmares. Each floor has a
veranda that looks much like a huge cage,
in which might be kept wild animals or
birds of prey. From these points of van-
tage carpets and mats can be advantage-

My backyard is screened from the street, and the
high shrubbery shuts out my neighbors

ously .beaten, junk stored, friends enter-
tained and things not wanted about the
house be disposed of in a jiffy. The
grassless areas beneath these verandas
do not add to the picture. Depreciation
in this class of three-flat houses is very
rapid, and in a few years the results of poor
construction are painfully evident.

Added to all this is the serious question
of fire risk. This phase has been considered
during the past year by the authorities and
the Mayor of the city once appointed a
committee to study the situation and draw
up a bill that would demand fire-proof
construction and a greater distance be-
tween buildings. The committee reported
very sane recommendations which were un-
fortunately not accepted by the legislature.

Privacy under such conditions is difficult
to effect but I have struggled to make my
very small land space as attractive as
possible under the conditions, and at the
same time lessen the terrors of that mile-
long string of houses.

On one side of my house I have a small
bed of flowers, mostly hardy ones. At the
back of the house a thick hedge of Carolina
poplars, with flowering shrubs in front of
them, make an almost impenetrable wall
of green. There is shade here in the after-
noon and we can sit out without feeling as
though we were on parade. Owing to
lack of space I couldn’t use poplars for the
remaining side of the house so I placed
there tall-growing shrubs. By keeping
these pruned for height I have a fairly
high and attractive green fence which,
while not as artistic as it might be, yet
effectively screens the windows of the
lower flat next door. No one can look in
from the street, as the curve of the planting
near the sidewalk prevents this. While
there are many objections to the use of
poplars in a limited area (I have only
4,400 square feet) I handle them in such a
way that they answer the purpose for
which they were intended. I keep them
cut close and from time to time put in
cuttings of young plants to insure foliage
at the bottom. Using a sharp spade pre-
vents the roots from spreading too thickly

49

«Three flatters.’’ with their bird-cage balconies.
buildings greatly depreciate surrounding property

As may be imagined, such

into the lawn. Each spring I work in well
rotted manure about the shrubs to induce
as heavy a growth as possible. It is the
planting that saves the situation: without
it living there would be impossible to me.

I have learned my lesson and when I
build or buy again it will not be on a street
that is not built up or where the restrictions
do not run a hundred years or more!

A single house surrounded by such build-
ings as are next to mine is almost un-
marketable, and can only be disposed of at
a great sacrifice. Sections of the city that
have always been regarded as exclusive and
desirable seem to be the particular prey of
three-flat builders. It is an all too common
sight to find some of the worst types of
this particular style of house erected close
to really palatial homes. This most fre-
quently occurs in the outlying sections of
the city in parts that were, until recently,
considered away out in the country.

is
FE
E

There is always plenty of shade at the back of the
house and an air of privacy

The yard was without interest, being cut in two by a road leading to a barn in the rear.

Artistic Home Grounds for $300—By Wilhelm Miller,

One fancies that an acre or more lies behind the simple planting.
The trees which here make a back piece for this garden also screen an old stable

New
York

A PROPERTY WORTH ABOUT $4500 OF WHICH ABOUT SEVEN PER CENT. HAS BEEN
SPENT ON OUTDOOR FEATURES, OR FIVE CENTS A SQ. FT. FOR A LOT 50 x 121 FT.

NE of the most artistic little gardens

I have ever seen is one on Summer
Street, Salem, Mass., which was described
in Country Life in America for March 1,
I9gI2, pages 39 to 42. The principles of
landscape gardening there employed may
be adapted by people of taste who have
only a quarter of an acre and do not care
to spend more than $100 a year on the
maintenance of outdoor features. I now
propose to describe a smaller garden, con-
nected with it, and designed by the same
gentleman for his daughter. The lot is
50x 121 ft. or about one seventh of an
acre, and the cash outlay for maintenance
is about $15 a year. All the persons
involved are so retiring that they have
asked me not to publish their names. I
shall therefore call the owners of the
property here pictured “Mr. and Mrs.
Rae

The type of living enjoyed in this garden
is so much above the deadly commonplace
existence of most people who live in homes
costing $5,000 or less, that I cannot refrain
from giving the essential features of it
without infringing upon the privacy of the
home life. The two lots, while fronting
on different streets, overlap at their ad-
joining ends, where a gate gives each family
access to the other’s garden. This sort of
codperation between neighbors often en-
ables each family practically to double
the size of its garden without the expense
of caring for the additional land. The
R lot is especially adapted for young
children, as it contains more playground
than flower beds. From May to October
the family go to the seashore. On their
return they do not find a ruined flower
garden, but an attractive place that has
practically cared for itself, because it is

50

planted with trees and shrubs. Of course,
a man who looks after the place comes now
and then to ‘fix up” while the family is
gone, but little is done in the garden
through the summer. ‘The house is in the
centre of the ancient and celebrated city
of Salem, yet Mr. R , who goes to
Boston daily, can get to North Station in
half an hour. Servants like such a location
(a very important feature in these days of
haughty labor) because it is convenient
to their friends, their church, and the shops.
Although the house is only five minutes
from the Salem station the noise of trains
cannot be heard. Such a scheme of living
is practical within half an hour of Boston,
but would be hard to duplicate within
equal range of New York, Chicago or
Philadelphia.

The first impulse of every beginner is to
fill the home grounds with flowers — to

SEPTEMBER, 19]2

have a rose garden or an old-fashioned
garden of perennial flowers in box-edged
beds. Then comes the rude shock of dis-
covery that gardening is costly — so costly
that there is usually no appropriation left
for outdoor operations after building.
“The only thing we can afford is a lawn,”
sigh the people. Alas! they do not realize
that a first-class lawn often costs more
even than flowers and always more than
shrubbery. So they skimp on the funda-
mentals — preparation of the soil, fer-
tilizers, and the best seed — and the result
is a bare place and a miserable tawn full of
weeds.

The best way of financing home grounds
is to provide in the original plan a certain
percentage for outdoor features. From
ten to thirty-three per cent. of the cost of
house and lot should be reserved for grad-
ing, manuring, garden design, plants and
labor. Considering the health and happi-
ness of the family is this too much to spend
on your outdoor living room? Yet there
are congressmen in Washington to whom $5
for shrubs or lawn looks bigger than $50
for theatre tickets or $500 for wine. And
a senator who owns a home costing $100,000
will send to the Department of Agriculture
for free seeds to plant in his front yard.
The first thing in planning home grounds
is to get some sense of proportion. On this
place about seven per cent. has been spent
on outdoor features, or $300. This in-
cluded removing an unsightly old shop,
trenching and manuring the land, a re-
taining wall, a fence, trees and shrubs, and
‘planting. The garden design, if obtained
from professional sources, would cost $30
to $100 or more, according to the reputa-
tion of the landscape gardener.

The first principle of landscape art is to
hide unsightly objects. In this case, as
the plan shows, there are buildings on every
side of the R—— home. Such circum-
stances make a place seem cramped,
hemmed in. Bare buildings make a lot
look smaller than it is. Vines will hide
more brick than trees and they have the
power of transmuting ugliness into beauty,
but in this case it was not practical to use
them on wooden build-
ings belonging. to the

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

coolness, and it costs less to maintain.
The photograph shows how successful
these efforts have been. Some of the
neighboring buildings are almost hidden.
The lot looks larger. There is a suggestion
of the country.

Another principle of landscape art is to
secure privacy. It is as bad to expose the
whole yard to view as it is to put all one’s
goods in the show window. If a yard is
not shut in, children will be on the street
too much. The ideal is an outdoor play-
ground away from street sights but within
the hearing of the mother. In this case
we have a high fence along the front of the
lot, and a playhouse and sand pile in the
rear. Whenever there are several little
children it is best to have much grass and
few flower beds. As the children grow
older and become interested in gardening,
this ratio will change. Is this not better
than having the children play in a yard
that can be swept by the eye of every
passing gamin?

A third principle of landscape art is to
introduce some charm into the common-
place. Privacy is essential to charm, and
one way of obtaining it is by means of the
“disappearing curve.” To illustrate, as
you stand at the gate, you see the path
leading to the front door and past it until
it is lost behind some lilacs. If that path
ran straight back without obstruction to
the garbage pail, as many do, there would
be no privacy, no charm. The spirit of
show makes millions of yards commonplace
because everything is revealed at a glance;
nothing is left to the imagination. A dis-
appearing walk or drive makes you wonder
where it goes to. In this case you wonder
what is behind the lilac bush, and on
investigation you find it is a children’s
playground. The plan shows how the
playground comes as a bit of surprise as
you round the corner of the big bushes of
lilac.

Every proposition has its limitations,
and one obvious criticism of the present
plan is that poplars and willows are short-
lived. Red cedars are longer-lived than
Lombardy poplars and more effective as

neighbors. Therefore,

51

screens, since they are evergreen. Every
one who can afford permanent trees, like
oak and beech, should plant them in
preference to temporary trees like box
elder, silver maple, etc. But in smoky
cities evergreens will not thrive, and they
cost so much more than deciduous trees
that they are often impractical, especially
for renters. In this case, the designer
knew well how soon poplars become ragged,
brittle, thin, and messy, but after con-
sidering all the factors he thought this
solution the most practical. It is a
question that everyone must decide for
himself. But do not be led by blind
impulse — by mere love of particular trees
or their speed of growth. For the faster
trees grow, the sooner they are likely to
lose their beauty, and the best trees are
not the ones we love most for their own
sakes but the ones that come nearest to
answering all the requirements of health,
comfort, and beauty.

Again, many of my readers will be dis-
appointed because the place is not full of
flowers, or because there are no box-edged
beds. I do not wish to discourage any one
from having a garden, for a person will
not be happy until he has had a chance to
express his own personality in this way.
Most people, undoubtedly, are keenest
to begin with the famous flowers of history,
e. g., roses, lilies, violets, pinks, pansies,
daffodils, peonies, geraniums, etc. That
is all right. But you will find that they
require more care and cost more in the
long run than trees and shrubs. And,
therefore, trees and shrubs may be more
artistic for you, because the best art grows
out of the cheapest solution that is reason-
ably permanent. Every year our stand-
ards of beauty rise, and finally we perceive
that greenery may be more important for
us than flowers. And even by the greenery
system one gets a fair quantity of flowers.
In this case, for example, would you not be
satisfied with rambler roses, lilacs, honey-
suckle, spireas, hawthorns, forsythia, wis-
taria, hollyhocks, viburnum, horse-chestnut
and a bed of annuals?

Those who must consider practical de-
tails will be interested
in the following notes
by the designer.

six Lombardy poplars
were planted at the
points indicated in the
plan, on the principle
that tall, narrow trees
will distract attention
from what they can-
not hide. And a bor-
der containing other
trees and shrubs was
put along the side and

(Sitting Room

over this)

Parlor

lem? © Poplars &

& 5 Clothes Yard
Poplar
(young)

Westare Bee wn Ree Oe a

Sand
Pile

back of the lot to
screen the buildings
as much as possible
and to give plenty of

LAGaLs ANWAS

foliage. For greenery
is more effective than
flowers in giving a
feeling of freedom and

Neighbors House

Plan of Mr. R. —’s 50x 121 ft. lot at Salem, Mass,

one aie
Vajsanese HO

Doard Fence

“The house was
built about 1830. It
is plain throughout,
and has a gambrel
roof with dormer win-
dows lighting the
third story chambers.
On land immediately
in the rear was a large
workshop and two-
decked staging where
carriages were re-
paired and painted.
The front yard was
practically given over
to the passageway to
the carriage shop.
This was bordered
with coarse grass and

52

burdocks. Two old cherry trees near the
front door were the sole ornaments of
the place. In 1875, when the place was
bought, the shop and staging were removed
and some cleaning up was done. Otherwise
the place remained unchanged for the next
twenty-five years. The poplars showing in
the picture were planted in 1895, the horse-
chestnut was a seed planted by a little boy
in 18go.

“Tmprovements came in 1899. The old-
type porch was added to the house to
increase the size of the front entry, the
ground was trenched from front to rear,
loads of brickbats and stones carted off,

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

and two levels made with a _ two-foot
retaining wall across the lot in line with the
end of the house. (The land slopes down
about three feet from front to rear.) The
clothes yard, taken from land of the rear
or garden end, was shut off by a bean-pole
fence six feet high which was continued
up and by the back door, and to avoid a
gate the back entrance was screened from
the street by a short piece of similar fence
projecting beyond the other at a right
angle. Japanese honeysuckle covers the
fence. Near the kitchen door a wistaria
ascends a pole trellis. Stone steps, rough
hewn, lead from the house to the clothes

SEPTEMBER, 1912

yard and from the front yard to the garden
beyond.

“The prime objects attempted were to
make the lot appear larger (it is 50 feet
on the street by 121 in depth); to blot
out the uninteresting blank wall of the
dwelling house on the southern line, to
secure privacy for the little garden; and
to obtain an element of mystery where the
path leads to it and disappears at the end
of the front yard. With the coming of
the children also came the desirability of
contracting the garden beds, establishing
a sand-pile, and the building of the play-
house.”

Cabbages of Unusual Merit —By Adolph Kruhm, om

TELLING HOW TO DECIDE ON THE SORT OF CABBAGE THAT WILL REALLY ANSWER YOUR

NEEDS — NOW IS THE TIME TO BEGIN

LTHOUGH more than five hundred

varieties and strains of cabbages are
listed by seedsmen throughout this country,
we need only study five original types in
order to properly classify all.

The whole family of cabbages may be
divided into oblong or point-headed, flat-
headed and round-headed sorts, and
red cabbages. In each of these classes we
find early as well as late sorts, while the
flat, and round-headed sorts may be sub-
divided into early, midseason and late
varieties. The unusually large assortment
of varieties found in seedmen’s catalogues
makes a clear analysis very difficult, but by
that same token highly desirable. In the
following paragraph, an attempt is made to
shed some light on the subject so that
private planters may have less difficulty
in selecting correct sorts in the different
classes for each special purpose.

The existence of so many varieties and
types is partly explained by the extent of
this country, its various climates and soils.
Cabbages show an unusual tendency to
adapt themselves to new conditions and
surroundings. Often, a variety will
undergo a complete transformation; roots,
stem, texture of foliage, all change in order
to make it adapted for cultivation in a
certain section. This naturally gives rise

All Seasons cabbage. Matures in midsummer and fills
the gap between the extra early and the late kinds

to a multitude of “strains” of one and the
same type; though all strains must, of
necessity, belong to one or the other of
the various classes mentioned in the open-
ing paragraph.

To illustrate: The most important types
of cabbage in cultivation to-day are the
Flat Dutch group. Among these we find
early and late strains, the best of the latter
being Premium Flat Dutch. It is safe to
state that there are at least fifty strains
of Premium Flat Dutch listed under
different names, for which are claimed
superior characteristics of one kind or
another. Sometimes these claims are true,
as in the case of ‘“Surehead” which does
well in the Southwest, where other strains
fail completely. In most cases it is well
to look for the original type, however,
though where seedsmen state with perfect
frankness that such and such a strain is
especially suitable for certain climates and
purposes, it often pays to test the truth of
the assertion.

Before going into detail as to the use-
fulness and purposes of different classes
and telling about the best members of
each class, let your attention be called
to the root system of the cabbage plant.
Upon it depends, to a large extent, the
success with cabbage. LEarliness or late-
ness, season of maturity, drought and dis-
ease-resisting qualities are indicated more
or less in the root system and stems of
even the seedling plants of the different
kinds.

Take, for instance, Jersey Wakefield. As
the earliest of all varieties, it roots deeply
in a short time, and all along the long
tap roots are many fibrous rootlets which
absorb nourishment quickly from a large
area of soil. Allhead Early, devoid of a
prominent tap root, forms a compact lump
of fibrous rootlets which absorb nutrition
slower than those arranged along the tap
root of Jersey Wakefield. Succession, which
matures in midseason, when the soil is
apt to be dry, has a spreading system of
fibrous roots covering a bigger surface than

IF YOU WANT ALL-THE-YEAR-ROUND RESULTS

those of Allhead Early. The late types,
finally, are constructed along different
lines. They form strong tap roots and
numerous rootlets, but develop them
slowly, building a more substantial founda-
tion than any of the early sorts.

Because the proper development of a
cabbage crop depends so much upon the
basis of a good root system, it deserves this
lengthy explanation. When sowing seeds,
watch that the seed bed consists of at least
four inches of finely sifted soil, is free of
lumps and not too heavy or sticky. Every
effort should be made to encourage the
plants to form a correct root system and
great care should be exercised when buying
plants, to select roots rather than over-
grown tops.

CABBAGES THE YEAR AROUND

About the second week in September, sow
seeds of the early varieties recommended
below, in a carefully prepared seed bed
outdoors, in rows } inch deep with four
inches between the rows. With the ap-
proach of cold weather in October, trans-
plant the seedlings in a coldframe, 4 inches
apart each way. Keep them as nearly
dormant as possible, giving plenty of air
on warm, sunny days throughout the
winter. These plants will become so

Jersey Wakefield, the earliest of all sorts, and Eurexo
First Early, an offspring on the \beiv

SEPTEMBER. 1912

Althead

Jersey

Early ~ wakefield

Great differences are to be seen in the root system of seedling cabbages, which indicate the adaptabilities
of these various types to different conditions

hardened that they may be set out at the
first signs of real spring. They will furnish
the first new cabbage of the season.

End of February, sow seeds of early
and midseason varieties in boxes in the
house or in a hotbed, } inch deep, with 4
inches between the rows. Encourage
plants to make a sturdy growth by giving
plenty of ventilation. When seedlings
are 3 to 4 inches tall, transplant them into
coldframe or other boxes, 4 inches apart
each way. These plants will be ready for
setting into the garden by the end of April
or May rst, and will mature heads to days
to 2 weeks after the plants carried through
the winter.

Finally, by the end of May, sow seeds of
midseason and late varieties in a coldframe
in the same manner as described abave.
Sow seeds very thinly and thin out the seed-
lings to stand 4 inches apart in the row
when they form the second pair of leaves.
These plants will be ready to be set into
the garden by the end of July and will
mature heads in time to be stored for
winter use. ;

Never let cabbages suffer for want of
water at any time of their development.
It weakens the plants, invites insects and
disease. Sprinkle young plants with to-
bacco dust or slugshot, should the green
aphis bother them. Some writers claim
that cabbage plants resent transplanting.
I have found two or even more trans-
plantings highly beneficia! to the root
system.

TEN GOOD CABBAGES FOR EVERYBODY

The selection of the following varieties is
not based solely upon personal opinions.
The chief consideration that guided me in
my choice (which was approved by several
leading authorities) was the adaptability
of all these varieties to a great range of
soils and climates. Many other good cab-
bages are available for special soils and
certain sections of the country.

For instance, the variety called “Volga”

Succession

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

Danish
Balthead

Premium.

Lary
mat Dutch -

Summer

or “Early Stonehead” has no equal on
limestone soils, while “‘Surehead,’’ as men-
tioned before, is the strain of late Flat
Dutch for planting in the Southwest. But
just such strongly marked characteristics
as these make it necessary to exclude one
sort or another, from this ideal collec-
tion.

Disease resisting qualities are another
feature which is responsible for the strict
lines drawn here. To illustrate: Enk-
huizen Glory is a splendid member of the
early round-headed class of which Allhead
Early is the leader. But for a number of
reasons Enkhuizen Glory is a very delicate
variety, subject to stem rot and club root,
and is undependable where bacterja
abound. It is not very well acclimated and
while a good variety and heavy cropper un-
der favorable circumstances, is not generally
reliable. A variety has to have a record
of doing well even under adverse con-
ditions in order to be entitled to a place
among the best ten.

Last not least, the trueness to type and
the fixedness of strain played a large part
in the final judging. As my friend, Prof.
W. W. Tracy of the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture puts it: ‘While I can
make no suggestion for betterment of the
list of cabbage, a great deal depends upon
the relative merit of the seed stocks avail-
able of the different sorts.” That is the
point which encourages the advice: Buy
the very best from the most responsible
seedsman you know. Of our acclimated,
American cabbages, insist upon Long Island
grown seed. Foreign cabbages, such as
Copenhagen Market, Danish Ballhead are
best grown from Danish, German or English
seeds, ranging in their qualities in the
order mentioned.

Everything considered, I believe it would
prove difficult to select from among all
other sorts another collection of ten which
would give as uniformly satisfactory re-
sults with planters throughout this country
as the following:

THE REALLY EARLY ONES

Early Jersey Wakefield. The small,
conical-shaped cabbage commonly met
with in all markets early in the spring.
Firm texture of foliage makes this sort un-
usually hardy, so that is is easily carried
through the winter in coldframes in the
North. Plants are of compact, erect
growth. Heads are solid and average from
3 to 5 pounds in weight. They mature
very uniformly but cannot resist heat, so
unless they are used quickly after becoming
full-grown, they are apt to spoil by burst-
ing.

Eureka First Early is a round-headed
offspring of Jersey Wakefield. It is as
early and forms splendid, fine-grained
heads which offer the best quality found
in’an early cabbage. While it does not
burst as easily as Jersey Wakefield, it is
advisable to use the heads quickly. For
an early cabbage, it is an excellent keeper
and rules the market (in preference over
Jersey Wakefield), where round-headed
sorts are more popular.

Copenhagen Market has only been known
in this country for about three years. But
its remarkable characteristics have proven
a revelation in cabbage to many planters
in practically all sections of the country.
While it is not safe to make predictions,
men who know fully expect to see this
sort take the lead over both Jersey Wake-
field and Eureka, as soon as it becomes
better known. In season, this latest Dan-
ish importation ranks with Jersey Wake-
field, which it will outyield two to one in
weight of crop on a given area. Plants
are of compact growth, permitting close
setting. Heads mature uniformly in sixty
days from time of planting in the garden
in the latitude of Ohio. They are exceed-
ingly handsome and their quality equals
their looks. In favorable seasons they
will average 5 to 8 pounds apiece —
surely something remarkable for such an
early sort. Not being well acclimated as
yet, it likes a cool, moist climate best,
otherwise it bursts soon after maturity.

Allhead Early is the largest early cabbage
in cultivation to-day. With only two
weeks’ difference in season of maturity be-

Allhead Early is the largest early cabbage in cultiva-
tion, the heads being eight to ten inches in diameter

54

tween it and Jersey Wakefield, Allhead
Early surprises the gardener with magni-
ficent flattened heads, 8 to ro inches in
diameter and weighing from 6 to 8 pounds
in the spring. So compact is the growth
of the plants that they may be set 20 to
24 inches apart in the garden without
detriment. Heads are of uniform size,
shape and color, thick through from stem
to top, fine grained and of elegant, sweet
flavor. They stand for several weeks
without splitting. Its excellent keeping
qualities cause Allhead Early to be used
frequently as a winter cabbage. Sown with
the late sorts in May and treated just like
those, it will grow much larger than in
the spring, heads averaging ro to 12 inches
in diameter, with a corresponding increase
in weight. Allhead Early is well acclimated
in all sections and may safely be considered
the best allround early cabbage.

THE MIDSEASON SORTS

All Seasons as well as the next sort have
a distinct mission. They fill the gap be-
tween the extra-early, easily bursting sorts
and the late kinds, maturing in mid-
summer. The plants are of decidedly
spreading growth, as compared with the
earlier kinds and the foliage is of much
heavier texture —a fact which enables
plants to withstand drouth. All Seasons
is a dependable sort, stands well in the
garden after maturing, and the solid, hard,
round heads keep splendidly.

Succession closely follows .All Seasons
in maturing. It has flattened heads which
are not as heat-resisting as those of All
Seasons. Succession does best during the
early fall, when it yields beautiful, uniform
heads of good size. It is a thoroughly
“fixed”? sort, little variation from type
being noticeable from year to year. Suc-
cession heads with certainty and will give

The Best Allround Cabbages,

THE

Premium Flat Dutch. The best general purpose late
cabbage for most sections

surer results on rather poor soil than some
of the later kinds. Its outer leaves are
somewhat shorter than those of All Seasons
so that it may safely be planted closer.

THE LATE KINDS

Premium Flat Dutch. The best general
purpose late cabbage for most sections.
As already mentioned, many strains of this
are in cultivation and it pays well to in-
vestigate claims made in connection with
them. All experienced growers concede
that a good strain of Premium Flat Dutch
is as good a cabbage for late use as can be
found. Try to find the best strain for
your particular soil, climate and purpose.
Well-grown heads of this variety will
average 8 to ro pounds in weight, when
fully grown. They are of fine texture,

Typical shapes of cabbages referred to in the table
below

GARDEN MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER, 1912

flat, firm and unsurpassed keepers. Flavor
mild and pleasant.

Danish Balihead. Do not attempt to
grow this on light soil, better try every
other sort. But for strong deep soil and
a cool climate nothing is finer, provided
the soil is free of bacteria. For the central
and western part of New York State, it is
the best that can be grown. Heads are
of uniformly perfect. ball-shape. They
stand shipping well on account of their
firmness, keep splendidly, are fine-grained
and of sweet flavor. They average 5 to 8
pounds in weight. For best results insist
upon Danish grown seeds.

Perfection Drumhead Savoy. Best all-
round sort of this type, though there are
several earlier kinds. Savoy Cabbage de-
serves more attention in the home-garden
because of its superior quality. The plants
are of distinctly curled or ‘“‘savoy”’ ap-
pearance. They are of compact growth,
head up uniformly and firmly, are of
beautiful bluish green color and_ resist
insects well. The round, hard heads are
easily blanched and never fail to command
best prices on market.

Danish Round Red is another recent
contribution from Denmark —a country
so favorably known for cabbages and
cauliflower of quality. The most re-
markable characteristics of this sort are
its size and solidity of color. Most Ameri-
can strains of red cabbage will ‘‘run off”
in color, in spite of all efforts of the breeder.
Danish Round Red is remarkable for the
small amount of white found in centre and
midribs, while its size and weight will make
it a favorite with those who do not like
the many small strains found on most
markets. It keeps well, is round as a ball
and hard as a stone. For making slaw
and preparing German dishes it is unex-
celled.

Selected for General Use

VARIETY NAMES SEER AGERE Ree COLOR OF FOLIAGE er Seaiseetc hv MOST SUITABLE SOIL
above)
Early Jersey Wakefield 100-110 Bright light green I Medium light for
early planting
Eureka First Early 100-110 Light green Il Medium light for
early planting
Allhead Early 120-125 Light green It Medium light for
early planting
Copenhagen Market 100-110 Dark green II Strong, medium
heavy
All Seasons 130-135 Bluish green bloom II Grows well in any
on leaf good soil
Succession 135-140 Light green Il Medium light to
fairly heavy.
Not too wet
Premium Flat Dutch 150-160 Light green bloom IV Medium light to
with purple tinge fairly heavy.
in fall Not too wet
Danish Ballhead 150-160 Prominent bluish u Strong soil, free
green veins from stem rot
bacteria
Impr. American Savoy 150-160 Dark green curled Il Average good
Danish Round Red 150-160 Purplish red II Strong, rather
heavy

KEEPING QUALITIES

Inclined to burst soon after maturity. Market
quickly. Keeps well through winter if not too ripe
when stored.

Keeps well for early cabbage. Does not burst as easily
as Jersey Wakefield.

Good keeper if no bacteria.

Inclined to burst at maturity. Should not ‘be too
ripe for keeping through winter.

Does not burst easily. Stands well in field and is a
good winter keeper.

Will burst in field if left too long. Should not be too
ripe for winter storing.

Will keep, if anything will.

Not inclined to burst. Will keep well if free from
disease.

Good keeper with strong disease resisting qualities.

Does not burst easily, keeps well.

Starting Bulbs for Christmas— By Martha H. Clark ..%%.

A FEW RELIABLE BULBS THAT CAN BE GROWN IN THE DWELLING HOUSE FOR WIN-
TER FLOWERS—EXPLICIT DIRECTIONS THAT WILL BRING SUCCESS TO EVERYONE

KNOW of nothing that will more
quickly and satisfactorily repay the
time and money spent upon it, than the
growing of winter-blooming bulbs. For
they not only bloom at a season when
flowers are a luxury, but they are so com-
paratively inexpensive, and, when properly
treated, so sure of results, that it is a pity
so many flower lovers feel deterred from the
pleasure that they might enjoy, through
the mistaken idea that “bulbs are so
difficult to grow!”” There seems to be a
false notion embedded in the minds of
many housekeepers, that bulb-growing
necessarily entails elaborate paraphernalia,
combined with unavoidable dirt and dis-
order, out of all proportion to the results
gained. In reality, the opposite is true.
The first requisite for successful bulb-
culture, is a cold dark corner where the
bulbs may be stored while they are making
root-growth. This may be in cellar, attic,
or any cold, unused shed where the tem-
perature will not quite reach the freezing
point, but where it will be cold enough to
prevent the tops of the bulbs from starting
into growth before the roots have developed
sufficiently. For, more than on anything
else, success or failure will depend on the
perfection of the root-growth made before
the actual “forcing” begins. In my own
case I have solved the problem as follows.
In one corner of my cellar, as far removed
from the furnace as possible and directly
beneath one of the low cellar windows, I
have had a closet partitioned off for my
bulbs. This closet is six feet square, with
shelves, lining two sides, from the floor
to the ceiling. These shelves are all

Ree
e

eight inches wide, and are spaced so that
there are seven inches left between them.
This little closet affords plenty of room
for about fifteen hundred bulbs, which is
the largest number that I have used in one
year. The bulbs are planted in either
boxes or pots, and stored in lines on these
shelves. They are then covered with
strips of burlap, as protection from the
light, This does away completely with
the dirt, and general unpleasantness of
burying the pots in coal-ashes as is so often
recommended, and the results have proved
equally satisfactory. The window is
covered with a curtain, made of two thick-
nesses of the burlap, and is left without
any other covering until zero weather sets
in. The bulbs of course are stored, keep-
ing those of a kind together, and are plainly
labelled with their names and colors. I
also try to keep those that are to be forecd
first, on the top shelves, as they are the
hardest to reach for the occasional water-
ing that is needed.

The next requisite, in order of import-
ance, is the careful preparation of the soil
in which the bulbs are to be grown. If
you have been forehanded enough to have
kept a compost pile in your garden, con-
sisting of all garden debris of faded leaves,
stalks, sods, etc., mixed with occasional
donations of dressing, your problem is
easy. If you have no compost pile, but
are living in the country, a few wheel-
barrow loads of earth taken from a rich
hollow in your nearest woods, will prove
the best substitute you could find. If
both the above means are an impossi-
bility, the formula of one third part each

of whatever loam you have, fine sand, and
leaf mold from your florist, will do equally
well. For the surest road to success, no
fertilizer whatever (except what is unavoid-
ably mixed with the compost pile) should
be included in the potting soil, but all
enrichment should be withheld until the
bulbs are brought up to the light for forc-
ing. More failure with bulbs is due to
decay, from the too liberal use of fer-
tilizers in potting soils, than to almost any
other cause. It seems to bring on a species
of plant indigestion, that results in anaemic,
spindly growth, if not total failure to
blossom. The best fertilizer for bulbs that
I have used, is a little bone meal dug into
the soil when the bulbs are brought up for
forcing, and weak applications of liquid ma-
nure while the flower-buds are expanding.

The above are the two most important
points to be kept in mind. A few minor
details that it is well to take into con-
sideration, are as follows.

Send in your lists of bulbs early as
to ensure your receiving your order
promptly in September, and also assure
you of first class quality of bulbs.

Your bulbs should be potted immedi-
ately, and stored as soon as_ possible.
This will ensure the earliest being in blossom
by Christmas, and will facilitate a prompt
succession. In later planting, your space
for bulbs in your window-garden or con-
servatory, is apt to be crowded, by too
many bulbs demanding instant attention.
Only by early planting, can a good suc-
cession be depended upon.

After storing, the bulbs should receive
a thorough watering, and the same at

Getting a good root development before the top is started into growth is the secret of successful bulb forcing. Dutch hyacinths at A: Freesias at B; Polyan-

thus narcissus at C

55

56

regular intervals while they are making
roots.

One thorough watering every two weeks
will be sufficient, unless they are planted
in very small pots that dry out extra
quickly. I have found that by far the
most satisfactory way of planting bulbs
for conservatory display, is to use a modi-
fication of the florist’s “flat.” I have had
made, boxes, approximating three feet
long, eight inches wide, by five inches high.
One kind of bulb is planted to a box, the
number depending on the size of the bulb.

In the case of hyacinths (with the ex-
ception of exhibition hyacinths as noted
below), large trumpet narcissus and jon-
quils 50 bulbs were used to fill a box of
this size, without crowding. Of the crocus,
too bulbs were necessary for the same space,
and of the freesias I have used 150 and 200
with equal success. I prefer the latter
number. The boxes except those with
freesias are stored in the dark cellar,
and not only afford a much finer dis-
play than when small pots are used, but
greatly facilitate planting and caring
for the bulbs. A few experiences will
teach the amateur, that it is far better as
well as cheaper, to buy his bulbs by the
hundred, getting only a few varieties of
each kind, than to buy a dozen or two, of
a great many unknown species merely
from their descriptions. The following
list can be depended upon to give full
satisfaction under the most trying con-
ditions.

Hyacinths. White French Roman is the
earliest to blossom; can be had by Christ-
mas if planted early; each bulb produces
several flower spikes. Pink French Roman,
semi-double, and so pale as to be almost
white is later than the white variety;
tinted with pink in the older blossoms.
Blue French Roman, is much later than
either the white or pink varieties, and the
blossoms rather scanty for a display.
White Italian is much later than the
French Roman, but almost as satisfactory;
flowers tinted pink as they grow older;
petals deeply cut giving a fringy, feathery
appearance. Satisfactory either for dis-
play or for cutting.

All the Roman hyacinths should be
planted in good potting soil, before the
15th of September if early bloom is de-
sired and stored in a cold dark place for
eight weeks to three months. Plant the
bulbs with the bulb-noses barely showing
above the soil. The White Roman will be
ready for forcing first, then the Pink, Light
Blue, and White Italian in the order given.
These latter may be brought up at the same
time as the White Roman and will bloom
well, but need an extra two weeks in the
dark for best development.

Miniature Dutch hyacinths can be
bought in almost every tint, they-are most
satisfactory, sure to bloom, and last a long
time in good condition. Though called
“miniature” they are as large as the
regular “mixture” hyacinths.

First size exhibition hyacinths should
be grown in single pots only, for best effect.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

The special hyacinth pots with extra root-
room assure the amateur of extra large
blooms that will prove a great surprise to
those who have never before seen what a
single bulb can do. One of my flower
spikes (La Grandesse) last year, measured
fourteen inches in height, and three and
three quarters through. Plant with merely
the nose of the bulb protruding from the
soil. Should be left in a dark place for
fully twelve weeks, or until the roots strike
through the drainage hole of the flower
pot. This root development varies in
different bulbs, so it is safest to wait
until they appear well-rooted, rather than
depend on any definite time limit. Thisis
equally true of all kinds of bulbs.

Narcissus. Polyanthus narcissus should
be started, as soon as received, in bowls or
pans of water, and in full light. Bought
and started early in September they will
perfect their blossoms in time to give place
to the White Roman hyacinths. Or, if
not desired for conservatory display, but
for house culture, a few may be planted
immediately and the rest stored in a cool
dark place where they will neither freeze
nor start into growth and may be brought
up and forced at intervals all during the
winter as desired. As the bulbs will not
all bloom at exactly the same time, a
continuous effect for the living room is
gained if a single glass bowl is kept filled
with these bulbs. As one bulb finishes
blooming its roots may be carefully dis-
entangled from the rest, and its place
taken by a new bulb. I have used this
plan for several years and found it most
satisfactory.

The Chinese sacred narcissus can also
be grown easily in water and pebbles.
They may be started in full light and should
be kept from draughts and sudden changes
of temperature. The Polyanthus narcissus
is much hardier and surer of blossom for
the beginner. All these will do better in
glass bowls, than in bowls of china, pottery,
etc., that will not admit the light. Of the
number of varieties listed, the following

Buy good heavy bulbs and grow them slowly at first
and you can have blooms like this in the holidays

SEPTEMBER, 1912

are the best: Paper White Grandiflora,
pure white, and absolutely sure to bloom;
from eight to thirteen flowers crowning a
single stalk. Double Roman, white double
orange centre. Grand Monarque, white,
with a primrose cup; later than the Paper
White. Grand Soleil d’Or, deep yellow,
orange-red cup.

Of the ordinary trumpet narcissus I find
those with the large trumpets are most
worth while: Emperor, deep golden
yellow with darker trumpet; Empress,
white perianth, yellow trumpet; Princeps,
sulphur and golden yellow; Van Sion,
double, deep yellow. Plant the same as
hyacinths, and do not bring up until
January if planted early in September.
They will closely follow the White Italian
hyacinths and should be used next in order.
This applies both to the large trumpet
narcissus, and jonquils.

Although the jonquils are not of much
account for a conservatory display, on
account of their spindly habit of growth
and small flowers, a few should be grown
for their fragrance, as a few pans of bulbs
in blossom will fill a house with their
odor. Campernelle Rugulosus is the
largest of all, and most satisfactory. The
poetaz hybrids are also good.

Freesias should be started in full light
and are often a failure through lack of
knowledge of this point. The flowers are
very fragrant and many on one stalk.

Crocus gives a very pretty spring-like
effect in the conservatory and can be
planted very close together in shallow boxes
or pots. The yellow crocus bloom much
earlier than the other varieties, treated
like hyacinths they can be forced for
January onward.

Plant the same as hyacinths, but may
be put very close together, merely avoid-
ing contact with each other. Can be
forced any time for January -on, if planted
early in September.

Those named above are by far the most
satisfactory bulbs for the amateur to grow.
Yet it is well, each year to try a few new
kinds, for the purpose of enlarging
your bulb experience, as well as the pleas-
ure gained from the uncertainty of the
experiment. Successes won through your
own unaided efforts with unfamiliar bulbs,
are doubly enjoyable. But for your main
display, those bulbs that you can depend
on absolutely for wealth of blossom and
fragrance, the old, familiar, time-tested
ones, are the only ones worth large expendi-
ture of either time, effort, or money.

A list of less familiar bulbs, worthy of
being tested by the amateur, would in-
clude the following in order of their merit
and chances of success in inexperienced
hands.

Early tulips, single and double, in named
varieties: anemones, ranunculus, Allium
Neapolitanum, star of Bethlehem, peacock
iris, Spanish iris, lily-of-the-valley, ixias,
Triteleia uniflora, gladiolus (florists’ forcing
varieties only), Easter lilies, and a few
commoner varieties of the hardier
amaryllis. ;

SEPTEMPER, 1912

School Gardens and How to
Begin Them

By Frances Duncan, New York

(F THERE be first a willing mind” as
St. Paul has it, a school garden in some
form is possible almost anywhere when
two or three people are thoroughly in-
terested in the project. It was one woman,
who, in Boston, in 1878, began the first
work for children’s gardens of which the
present wide-spread movement is the
result.

The first move in the matter, is that the
two or three who are interested get to-
gether. The second step which I strongly
advise, is one not usually insisted upon
in our American school-gardening, and that
is, that those who are interested invite
into their councils a man or woman who
is a gardener of experience, whether such
a one is, or is not connected with the
educational system. If definite and prac-
tical instruction for the children is pro-
posed every gardener is sure to be interested
in the undertaking. A gardener of ex-
perience will prove of infinite help in
planning. He will see possibilities for
gardening under the most difficult con-
ditions where another would see only huge
expense and bristling impossibilities.

It is not necessary that all school gardens
be of thesame type. If one form of garden-
ing is not feasible another may be. Ii the
soil is poor and the authorities will do
nothing in the way of enriching, the
garden-member of the council will make a
wind-break of thorns, and suggest for the
planting poppies and nasturtiums and
portulaca. It is as useful for children to
learn how to fit their gardening to their
means as to try to stretch their resources
to their gardening ideas. And if the
young gardeners are skilful enough to
make their domain look lovely on a slight
appropriation, the interest of the townsfolk
is awakened and even a Board of Education
grows responsive. :

Suppose there is even no space alotted
for a garden, and yet the school building

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

stands well back from the street, the
grounds “beautified” more or less with
shrubs. In this case the garden-member
will irreverently suggest that the shrubs
be dug up and moved back to make a
hedgerow, that two or three feet be re-
served next the building for vines, and that
all the rest of the space be devoted to
children’s gardens. In his mind’s eye he
will see a multitude of tiny garden-plots
making up one design, so that the whole
gives something the effect of what the
gardeners call ‘‘a parterre.’’ The interest
of a gardener of the community may be
even of more use than in the planning.
Suppose the teacher knows little of garden-
ing. A half-hour after-school instruction
once a week from a man or woman who
really knows plants is worth tons of ad-
vice from the best-intentioned one who
doesn’t.

In American school-gardening, there are
three important points which are frequently
completely overlooked. Occasionally we
“beautify the grounds” in the large and
easy phrase, but we make no attempt at
establishing a permanent garden that shall
be of definite use to the school — and we
might. This is the first point.

We sbould protect the garden and play-
ground from the wind and cold by a plant-
ing of tall shrubs and low-growing trees
and in making this planting the interests
of the children should be consulted; there
should be close evergreens for the birds
to nest in, berries for their winter food
(the white fruited mulberry will bring
birds from miles around and never have
I seen it planted on school grounds). There
should be early blooming shrubs, forsythia,
and jasmine, from which branches could
be cut in January and February for forcing
indoors, privet bushes for cuttings to edge
the little garden-beds, a hedgerow of flower-
ing trees, their blossom-time running from
the March yellow of Cornus Mas to the pale
November yellow of the tiny witch hazel
flowers.

At the foot of this hedgerow should be

57

the earliest bulbs — crocus, scilla, snow-
drops. In a shady part should be the
wild-garden, which, as far as the flora of
the neighborhood is concerned, becomes.
through successive years a very complete
little botanic garden, jealously and care-
fully guarded by the children. In country
schools an arboretum could easily be started
simply by planting tree and shrub which
are found in the neighborhood. Carried
on through years, such collections would
have definite scientific value and do much
to awaken in the community an interest
in horticulture.

There should be a long, low potting-shed,
a little tool-house, which might be a charm-
ing structure, made like a miniature house.
In the North, there should be coldframes,
for the garden-season is all too short.

The other two points are these: Secondly,
that there is no attention paid to the set-
ting of the school garden, and, thirdly, none
to its arrangement. The children’s gardens
might be the loveliest things in the city or
the town — gardens which people would
come from miles to see. Why should we
adhere to plots like cemetery-plots and
bare walls of chicken wire? Scarlet-runner
beans, morning-glories, nasturtiums, will
temporarily garland the chicken-wire, while
for more permanent beauty plant , these:
climbing roses at regular intervals (which
will make the little gardens ew féte in June),
Clematis paniculata, for the September re-
newing of school, and trumpet vine for
August; these would make a delightful
setting for a garden whose home was in a
vacant lot protected from marauders by
wire. If the blank, brick wall of the school
building is alongside of the gardens, cover
it with vines: Ampelopsis Veitchii, the
quickest; English ivy, admirable for its
all the year greenness, or a rarely planted
but wholly delightful little Japanese vine,
Euonymus radicans, which keeps its cool
green foliage and holly-red berries through-
out the winter. And do more than this —
it the wall is long and blank, plant not
only greenery to clothe it, but at intervals,

The summer house, a place of _rest, study and quiet enjoyment

58

a foot out from the wall, set trellises for
roses, or single posts where climbing plants
may grow; this breaks the monotony;
and children hate monotony.

If one side is open and there is neither
wall nor need for chicken-wire defence,
then plant a hedgerow such as I have de-
scribed; it may be varied infinitely, of
varieties or of plants which are easily
obtained in the neighborhood. Or else
have a long arbor of ‘“carpenter-work.”’
‘This may be light and very simple in con-
struction — made by the boys themselves,
but it will afford a support for climbing
vines; it will also afford, what there ought
to be in a school-garden, a shady place
where the little gardeners can sit and rest
from their labors. After all, the pleasure
of sitting at ease and enjoying the sight
of your flowers is as honest and necessary
a garden joy as the more strenuous one of
working in it, and children who have the
one, should have the other.

As to the arrangement: The usual school
garden is laid out in small square plots
with no attempt whatever at design.
Until the end of the season, when the
little plots are abloom, it is not pretty to
look on, except with the eyes of faith.
Now this bareness is unnecessary. The
little plots may be of the same size, but
why of the same shape? There should be
a well-thought out design, fitted exactly
to the space, the prominent points em-
phasized by small evergreens or dwarf
fruit trees, so that, even in its barest stage,
the school garden will have a little character
and definiteness. In the earliest spring
with the flowering trees abloom at its edge,
the little bulbs blossoming at their feet, the
multitude of little gardens which make
up the design will wear an air, not of blank-
ness, but of expectancy. Here and there
a small plot will show a border of crocus
already in bloom, in another, a tall, com-
manding spike of the ancient Crown
Imperial holds aloft its colors as emphatic

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

a sign of spring as if Madame Nature had
hoisted a flag.

Each little garden may be planted after
the devices of the small owners, yet all
together make up a harmonic whole.
When this is the case, and every young
gardener feels that not only is he making
his own little space lovely but that in
doing so, he is helping to-make the whole
garden beautiful, there is a strong incentive
to sincere work. It is also good training in
citizenship.

There may be a summer-house designed
by the children; garden-tables and garden-
benches of juvenile manufacture (if good
enough) may be welcomed; bird houses
and bird baths may find a place in the
scheme.

When gardening is more consistently
taught, the very definite assistance it
might be to other school work will be
utilized by the more intelligent teachers.

Planning the garden, for instance, affords
a lesson in design well-suited to the child’s
ability and in which he is thoroughly in-
terested. The construction of a coldframe,
a trellis for actual service, gives force and
point to the manual training. Instead of
making drawings of “nature objects”
which have no relation to anything else,
the child will make comparative drawings
of weeds and the plant infants which they
resemble; then not only does he learn to
draw, but he learns the value of accurate
observation. For why? If he hasn’t the
difference exactly someone may mistake
his flower for a weed and pull it up. To
many a child arithmetic is difficult; but if
he needs to compute how many tiny seed-
lings may go in such a space in his cold-
frame, how many lettuce plants may stand
three inches apart in a row, the arithmetic
is taken out of the abstract which en-
wraps it like a circumambient cloud and
brought into the concrete of his own ex-
perience; precisely where the child under-
stands it.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

I look forward definitely to the day when
gardening shall be an integral part of the
school life. When, instead of being con-
sidered merely as a pleasant thing for a
child to know, it shall be taught in a clear,
orderly, definite manner and with con-
sistency. The simpler processes to the
younger children, the more complex to the
more advanced, so that, when a boy leaves
school, he shall, if necessary, be able at
least to get a living out of the soil.

Such teaching would open up to the
boy and girl a wide range of out-of-door
professions of which, otherwise, they
would have but the vaguest notion —
forestry, horticultural experiment, farming
in all its forms, landscape gardening, mar-
ket gardening, commercial horticulture,
beside dozens of little sidelines, peculiarly
fitted to those with slight physical handi-
caps.

Such teaching would do more to hold the
boys and girls in the country than any other
one thing; it would also draw country-
ward the city-born and city-bred; it would
take away from the children of factory
workers the unreasoning terror of the
country and be a powerful lever to move
them from the crowded conditions to a
little home in the suburbs and a bit of a
garden, where a narrow income could be
eked out; thus it would even have a bear-
ing on the vexed problem of the high cost
of living.

And if neither boy nor girl uses the
garden-knowledge to turn a penny, the
interest in it they will keep their life long,
for once a gardener always a gardener.
To give a permanent source of happiness,
a taste for the purest and sweetest of
pleasures that no reverse of fortune can
take away, is not a small gift, nor an un-
worthy gift, and the question of whether
one has the right to refuse it is a matter
worth the careful consideration of those who
have committed to their hands the edu-
cation of our children.

The Hyannis Normal School garden is laid out as one unit, giving an effect more pleasing than the individual plot system

VERY back yard garden is potentially
a little farm. The man who has a
suburban home or a summer country farm
of, say, anywhere up to ten acres, can enjoy
his agricultural avocation all the more if it
is run along sound business lines.

Quite apart from the mere pleasure and
recreation to be derived from cultivating
the ground, there is another problem, one
that more vitally concerns most of us, and
that is its profitable cultivation. “Does
it pay” is the test that, after all, must
be applied to many of the problems con-
nected with rural life. Small profit is
there other than the satisfied personal
vanity in growing immense crops or enor-
mous specimens if those things are pro-
duced at a cost out of proportion to their
actual value to the consumer. It has

been shown time and again that a small
piece of ground can be a material factor
in helping to solve the problem of eco-

nomical living. The bounty of the earth
will yield an adequate return under suc-
cessful management, and it is this living
issue that will be discussed under this
heading of ‘The Little Farm.”

Copyright, 1912, by DouBLepay, PacE & Co,

Selling Fruits In A Small Way

HE grower of small fruits in a village or rural

community has several advantages over the
grower for the general or city markets: his name
as a supplier of fine fruits in limited quantities
becomes readily known and advertised; the danger
of loss from shipments does not have to be faced;
higher prices, on the average, are paid; and very
small commissions are exacted. No other forms
of produce are so popular or so profitable as the
small fruits.

While no great amount can be realized by selling
fruits on this modest scale, still enough can be
cleared to pay for the outlay incident to planting
a garden — the seeds, the tools, the fertilizers,
and the extra help that must sometimes be called
in. Thus, even if nothing more is realized than the
cost of starting and maintaining the garden, it is
well worth while; for then all that is consumed by
the family can be credited as clear gain.

In handling the sale of small fruits on a moderate
scale, probably the first thing to determine is how
much the family will want to use; for then one
can count on how much he will have to dispose of,
and can take orders for future delivery. A family
of medium size will not want to consume, in a
season, more than 30 quarts of strawberries; then,
allowing 10 quarts for canning and preserving, the
remainder can be disposed of. Last spring I took
80 quarts from a small bed; with this quantity
I supplied the family and had a balance of 45
quarts to sell. The average garden patch — a bed
of 150 plants — should yield about 100 quarts; of
this amount, 60 quarts can be sold, which will
clear $5 to $7. As is the case with all small fruits,
but more especially so with those that are liable
to perish soon after gathering, it is a good plan
to have the strawberries contracted for before the
season opens, and to have, if possible, the price
fixed. Many good housekeepers like to be able
to count on getting the berries they need when they
want them; and th>y are quite willing to pay two
or three cents higher than the market price. In
fixing the price, the gardener may get something
lower than the market value of the fruit; but it
is a reasonable chance that he takes, for at least
it insures the sale of all his crop at a good price.

_ If the whole amount of fruit available for sale
Is not engaged beforehand, the gardener can equal
and often excel the best market price by presenting
his fruit in as attractive a form as possible. Small
quantities should be gathered at a time, and in

the prospect of an immediate sale, the berries can
be picked very ripe. The family grocer is often
glad to handle a few boxes, and as a rule he can get
a fancy price for them. I sometimes sell straw-
berries that way, and again I have a boy sell them
through the village streets, giving him a nominal
commission on each box sold. It is always better,
and in the end more economical, to invest a few
cents in clean baskets than to try to use last year’s
that are stained and moldy. Of course, when
selling several quarts to the same person, by a
prearranged agreement they may be delivered
in bulk

While strawberries have a more general sale than
any other small fruit, raspberries hold a place of
honor, particularly the black varieties. Because
of their prolific bearing and their ability to stand
a certain amount of handling and shipping, they
are the standard market berry. However, they
are neither so sweet nor so delicate in flavor as the
red raspberries, nor have I found that they ever
command so high a price. It is almost impossible
to ship red raspberries; and as a rule it is difficult
to secure good ones in the markets. For a small
select trade, however, they are most satisfactory.
In this community, only two or three men sell red
raspberries; and they have them all sold at twelve
to fifteen cents a quart long before the season opens.
This fruit always finds a good sale in the open
market, but few fruit-growers care to do anything
with it on a large scale because, with only a little
handling, it is liable to become soft and to sink in
the boxes. For the home garden, red raspberries
are much more profitable than blackcaps, although
some people do not like their odd musky flavor.

The sale of currants goes well with the sale of
raspberries, for the two fruits together make one
of the most delicious of all jellies. Currants, of
course, will keep for a week after being picked, and
will hang ripe on the bushes for at least that length
of time. Currants ought to bring fifteen cents a
quart; the red varieties bear heavily and are most
popular.

To me. blackberries in the average man’s garden
are a problem. I found them hard to control, they
spread rapidly, and their thorns made the gather-
ing of the berries a difficult and disagreeable task.
Although I tried faithfully to raise two good rows
of “tame” blackberries in my home garden, I could
never make very much of them. The sale of them
in a small rural community is poor; they have to
compete with the wild berries, and the average
person is unwilling to pay more than a few cents a

59

oda nl 7.

Rural living and love of the country are
not by any means entirely concerned with
the esthetics. We can plant trees and
shrubs and flower borders for beauty and
harmony of landscape design, but we have
also got to live; and living can be made
even more worth while if one’s natural en-
joyment and recreation is made a source
of actual profit.

There are many little problems concern-
‘ing the little farm which will find a place
from time to time in this department. The
experiences of little farmers everywhere,
your Own experiences in particular, are
not without their interest and lesson to
others. Tell us, and tell the others, what
you have learned; perhaps your effort, laid
before another similarly placed, will help
much. Tell us the facts. — THE Epirors.

quart for them. In fact, few people are aware
of the existence of the cultivated blackberry.
Cherries, unlike other small fruits, cannot be
counted on to give heavy crops each year; con-
sequently, the price varies. During 1910, the few
cherries that were for sale brought twelve cents a
quart on the open market; during 1911 they could
be had here in any quantity for three cents. Asa
general thing, the price is seldom either so high or
so low, seven cents being about the average. In
the small home garden, one is not likely to make
much on the sale of cherries. The single tree that
the gardener is likely to have, after the birds have
had their share, will not yield so many quarts as a
strawberry bed, covering the same area as that
occupied by the tree’s shade. Of course, the
cherries that cannot be used might as well be sold;
but the gardener cannot count on any high degree
of profit.
Pennsylvania.

Waele bid With 2 Elli creof
Land

OR about twenty-five years I have been em-

ployed in a shoe factory, and until about
five years ago I had never worked at anything else.
But finally the primitive instinct to get back to
nature waxed strong. For a time my cravings
were satisfied by reading farm papers and the
experiment station bulletins; then came a deter-
mination to put some of my ideas into practice.

I had no experience or other advantage over the
average city man, and the results obtained were
only such as could be obtained by following the
complete and specific directions that are given in
seed catalogues, bulletins and the farm periodicals.
I did take particular pains to plow and manure
the land every fall, and to harrow with great
thoroughness in the spring. Every bit of the
garden was cultivated at least once in ten days,
and the commercial fertilizer was applied in in-
stallments and thoroughly cultivated into the soil.

There was a vacant lot just across the quiet
little street on which we lived. The owner gave
me the privilege of planting it for a very small
consideration, with the understanding that I should
have the refusal at a stipulated price. He reserved
the right to sell at any time. We came to an
agreement late in August, and the first thing I did
was to have the lot plowed. Then as soon as I
could make a good trade, I bought five loads of

ARCHIBALD RUTLEDGE.

60

stable manure and spread it evenly. The lot was
50 x 200 ft., so the dressing was not extra heavy.

All through the fall and winter I read more
agricultural literature than ever before, and now
and then I found or made a chance to talk with
some practical farmer. My soil was a light sandy
loam, so early the following April it was ready for
the harrow. On the seventh of April I planted
three rows of peas, two of a dwarf early and one
of a late variety.. A row of onions was added
the next evening, and also two rows of potatoes.
Everything went in the long way of the lot to
facilitate working with the wheel hoe.

By the first of June I had everything planted, the
two remaining rows being devoted to odds and ends,
and the rest of the lot to beans and sweet corn.

The last week in June we had our first peas, and
with the help of my wife and a boy, three and a
half bushels were picked for the Fourth of July
trade. They sold like hot cakes at $2 per bushel,
which made me wish that there had been twice as
many. From those two rows we gathered a total
of five and a half bushels, and from the late row
four bushels more. The price however, fell from
$2 to $1.20 at the end of the season.

When the early peas had been harvested the
vines were pulled and the ground replanted with
beans. Late in July the string beans from the
main plot were ready to pick, and on the tenth of
August we had sweet corn. Beans and corn were
planted together in the same row, the corn hills
being four feet apart in the rows, with beans drilled
in between. The rows themselves were but three
feet apart, with no two hills of corn coming opposite.
So far as I could judge, each crop did just as well
as it could have if planted alone. The corn was
picked and the stalks cut as early as possible, giving
the bean crop ample time to ripen.

For the first year the receipts and expenditures
were as follows:

344 bushels early peas, at $2 . . $7.00
2 bushels early peas, at $1.60 . 3-20
4 bushels late peas, at $1.20 . . . . 4.80
6 bushels beans for baking, at $3 . . . 18.00
2 ‘bushels: onions, at $3.50 . . . . + 7.00
54 dozen sweet corn, at 20 cents I.10
to dozen sweet corn at 24 cents 2.40
5 pecks string beans at 40 cents 2.00
Total receipts $45.50

Plowing and harrowing, 3 hours at 50 ‘cents $1.50

5 loads of stable manure at $1... 5.00

3 bags commercial fertilizer at $2 . 6.00

Rent of lot . eee Ar oe 3.00
Total expenses $15.50
Profit $30.00

In addition to the favorable cash return, we had
an abundance of fresh vegetables for the table
both winter and summer. I have not kept any
accounts since the first year, but every season
since I have had the pleasure of spending from $40
to $60 that did not come via the pay envelope.

Maine. Joun E. Taytor.

Preparing The Soil For Alfalfa

N/ CNDEREUE in productiveness, a persistent
cropper for years when once established, and
a phenomenal enricher of the land, alfalfa also makes
three heavy crops of hay a season, hay of the most
remarkable nutritive power. Its roots are deep
growing, and besides gathering and storing in the
soil immense quantities of nitrogen from the at-
mosphere, they mellow the ground, rendering it
friable for other crops and filling it with humus.
So rich in protein is the hay that experiments prove
it is a great saver of grain, and even poultry is
fed upon it.

The seed may be sown in spring (the preferable
time) and in August, but not later than the rsth
of the month. But whenever seeding is done, the
most careful preparation of the soil is required. It
should be plowed not less than six weeks previously,
and cross plowed or harrowed thoroughly every
week until seeding time, if this is done in August;
and if the seeding time is to be in spring, then an
August and September fallow, with at least three
careful harrowings a week apart, following good
plowing, should be given in spring. This practice
kills millions of weeds.

Having at last secured a fine seed bed, lime it

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

heavily, if the farm does not lie in limestone coun-
try; spread over it evenly three to five hundred
pounds of soil from a live alfalfa or clover field that
has not been allowed to become powder dry, and
sow the seed, brushing it in lightly unless sown just
before a soaking rain. Twenty pounds of seed is
required for an acre, and it will be well to divide
the seed into two equal portions, sowing one half
across the teld one way and the other at right angles
to it. Some farmers use more seed than this, but
if good seed is obtained and it is carefully sown, not
letting it bunch in spots and leaving the soil bare
elsewhere, twenty pounds is enough. It is needless
to say that the soil must be fertile and well drained
before seeding.

Connecticut HOLLISTER SAGE.

A Woman’s Success with
Watercress

URING recent years a considerable number of

women have engaged in some special line of
agriculture, either as a pin-money-earning job
added to their regular duties, or as their sole means
of livelihood. Of the various. subdivisions of
agriculture either poultry, small fruit or gardening
are more generally chosen by these new recruits
to practical farming; but some special line of
gardening seems the favorite. In this line one of
the special crops that has never yet been over-
produced is watercress, and that it is both a suit-
able and a profitable crop for women farmers to
raise is probably nowhere better demonstrated
than by the success of a woman near Bryn Mawr,
Penn.

Mrs. Watson began growing cress commercially
eight years ago. Her husband, a carpenter, owns
a small place of two acres, and she had been looking
after the poultry and marketing the surplus eggs
to private customers about the town. Across one
corner of their place runs a small spring-fed brook,
which was fairly choked with the native watercress.
One day while Mrs. Watson was delivering eggs
at one house the grocer also made his daily delivery
of supplies, among which were some bunches of
shamefully bruised and wilted watercress. She
remarked about its condition and made some in-
quiries about the amount of cress used by this
family. The next week, when she delivered eggs,
she left a box of fresh cress at each customer’s
house with a brief typewritten announcement
that she could supply the cress in any quantity.
She received such a favorable response that she
had soon made serious inroads on the supply of
wild cress in the brook.

Then she began growing it. She first planted
Nasturtium officinale, which is easily grown, sowing
the seed along the brook bank and in the stream
itself; also in a small “bottom” made wet by the
stream’s overflow or by rains. But she soon found
that there was objection to this variety as it is a
little too pungent for some people. So on that
account she next planted Erfurt sweet, but it was
not of satisfactory growth and she changed several
times, finally settling on Lepidum savita as the best,
considering that there was demand from her trade
to be supplied in winter.

To produce this new supply she devised the plan
of sowing the seed in drills, in boxes six inches
wide, by three feet long, by eight inches deep, they
being set on galvanized trays (for bottoms) made
by the local tinsmith. This method is yet fol-
lowed. The seeds are sown weekly to keep up a
constant supply and as the cress is used from a box,
the soil is enriched by an addition of a little leaf
mold and fresh soil and again sown with seed.

Mrs. Watson first kept the tin boxes on an im-
provised platform before the southern windows
of the house-linter, a one-story room used in part
for fuel storage, etc. As the demands for the winter
cress increased this arrangement was outgrown and
various other adaptable corners about the house
were pressed into service. Last winter the trays
were placed in this lintern window, on the floor of
the attic over the kitchen, betore an east dormer
window, and finally a small brooder-house, having
a glass front and facing south, was pressed into
service.

Mrs. Watson has realized that these arrangements
are not exactly satisfactory owing to the greatly

SEPTEMBER, 1912

increased business she now has and she is debating
between some form of low, cheaply-built greenhouse,
and the sheltering and inclosing of a portion of
the creek. Artificial heat is not so necessary as
is the mere shutting out of severe cold weather and
giving a measure of sunshine and pure air.

One secret of Mrs. Watson’s success lies in her
plan in the delivery of her goods. With a woman’s.
eye for neatness, and a memory of those bruised,
wilted grocer’s bunches of cress ever fresh in her
mind, she takes the precaution to have every
bunch of her cress fresh and clean, wrapping each
bunch in a paraffin paper. Last year, as a further
step, she inaugurated delivering it in neat card-
board cartons. For her private trade the cartons
are of either a dozen or half dozen bunches’ capacity.
Cartons containing a dozen or two dozen bunches
are used for the stores. During the past winter
she was sending away, by mail, thirty-one half-
dozen bunch boxes twice a week, besides furnish-
ing her private trade and two local grocers every
day.

The total outlay for equipment for growing in
both winter and summer has been less than one
hundred dollars. The chief labor is in cutting,
tying and wrapping (and with the winter crop,
watering) while the cost of the cartons is slight.

The “‘business’’ is paying over five hundred per
cent. interest on the cash invested. Also Mrs.
Watson said that she was making more money in
growing watercress than she ever did from selling
eggs from a flock of seventy to eighty hens. There
is nothing difficult about growing cress, and any
woman living near a city who is fortunate enough
to have a fresh stream, or spring, on her place, can
make good money from raising it.

Washington, D. C. JoEL STANWOOD.

Maintaining Green Pastures

Wen sthe sizzling days of midsummer are.
upon us we are prone to eye askance the
pasture lot and wish it were better. If one is
given to estimating the value of a piece of ground
from its products, then perhaps a permanently-
green, well-set pasture is among the most desirable
of all the farm fields. On a little farm of ten acres,
like mine, where but two acres can be devoted to
this useful purpose, the inclosure is doubly valu-
able as it provides a place for exercise as well as
feeding. But the question arises, when the heat
of summer has made every blade sear and dry, as
to what may be done to keep the pasture green all
through dry weather? It is very true that a
diversity of grasses, sown together to keep growing
successively in their seasons, is an excellent plan,
but if nourishment and moisture for the roots are
lacking, what then will prevent failure?

Where it is not possible to follow rotation,
giving every field to this use once in four to six
years, let the worn-out pasture be turned over,
thoroughly harrowed and reseeded, directly upon
the sod; and there is no better time to do this than
in midsummer. If portions of the field be more or
less mossy or given over to sorrel, consider the soil
acid and cover it thoroughly with ground limestone,
which may nowadays be bought from all dealers in
commercial fertilizers. And if a stand of clover
is desired, it will pay to lime the entire field and
scatter four or five hundred pounds per acre of
inoculated soil from some clover or alfalfa ground,
before seeding, that those inestimable, nitrogen-
gathering nodules may be a part of the assets.

In any event, where it is at all possible, cover the
ground with good, old-fashioned yard manure and
plow it in, so as to fill the soil with all the humus
obtainable. Along this line comes the plowing in
of clover or alfalfa, and for the pasture there cannot
be devised a more useful proceedure. Not only
does it gather up, for future use, much nitrogen,
but it fills the soil with vegetable, sponge-like mat-
ter which sucks in moisture and holds it until the
summer, when it is most needed by the grasses and
clovers. The result is, green pastures.

Why not make an alfalfa field for a pasture, use
it for two or five years, and then plow under deeply?
To be sure such seeding will have to be more care-
fully and thoroughly prepared for than grass seed-
ing, and, following repeated harrowing and rolling,
must not be done later than August 15th.

Massachusetts. Joun S. GUNNING.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

For information about popular resorts
write to the Readers’ Service 61

Purchase Your Peonies from TRUE Peony Specialists

We are the only extensive retail growers of Peonies exclusively in America. This one

flower has our undivided time and attention, devotion and study.

We are thus specialists

in a sense which possesses a real value and significance.

WE GROW PEONIES
— NOTHING ELSE

“OUR REPUTATION HAS BEEN BUILT ON THE QUALITY OF OUR STOCK”

THE BEST SORTS IN EXISTENCE AND ONLY THE BEST— GUARAN-
TEED TRUE TO NAME—AND AS WE GROW FOR DISCRIMINA-
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THESE FEATURES WHICH INDICATE OUR FIXED POLICY, SERVE PERHAPS TO SUFFICIENTLY
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A DISCRIMINATING CLIENTELE — STRIKINGLY SIGNIFICANT AS EVIDENCE
OF OUR LIBERAL METHODS, AND THAT SPECIALIZING — IN THIS

INSTANCE AT LEAST—IS NOT AN EMPTY CATCH-PHRASE.

WE SHIP ONLY IN THE FALL, AND OUR ANNUAL CATALOG IS NOW READY. IT’S UNIQUE —
DISTINCTIVE — VERY DIFFERENT FROM OTHERS. MAY WE SEND YOU A COPY?

Mohican Peony Gardens, Soo Sinking Spring,Penn’a

91,000.00 incormation ror $1.00

“T have examined the proofs of the contents of your year book, and am acquainted with many and know
others of the compilers by reputation, and it seems to me that you are giving about $1,000. worth.of information
to every grower of vegetables, small fruits and flowers, for 50 cents, when you offer such a book with your paper.

N. V.S. MALLORY.

“A Thousand Dollars Worth of Information for One Dollar.”

This is what has been said about our Vegetable and Small Fruit Year Book. written by fifty different
authorities, each one the leader in his particular field. It also contains 1oo prize articles that have been sent us
by commercial and amateur growers. All of the articles offer suggestions and practical short cuts that will save
you many dollars. The success of vegetable growing is the trick of knowing how. There are thousands of
growers that know many of the little tricks that pay, but there are tens of thousands that don't. The most essential

thing is making every foot of ground do its
full duty and do it all of the growing season.
Intercropping in its most intensive. form is
taught in this book. How to make veg

grow and grow early. Making one ac
what four acres do for most growers

in this book It contains the m

information and reliable instructions ever put
into print. Wecould not give the entire list
of contents on this page. It contains so many
different stories. If you are interested in
table or small fruit growing, you cannot
to be wi hout this book. Not written by one

pages ands ate illustrated.

Use the coupon below and send for the paper
today and the book will be sentyou gratis. Do
I , as this remark-

nd to print only one edition.

The Vegetable Grower” isa monthly maga-
zine, devoted to the growing of vegetables,
small fruits and flowers, edited in a clean
unc derstan: dable way, by authorities in their

0: fields.

s to you twelve times a year, to assis!
d one things that may
sue will be worth wha
entire year. Itis the only paper

cally edited fora the field
to many thousands and can be of help to you.

THE VEGETABLE GROWER, 1222 Boyce Bldg.; Chicago, Ill.
Enclosed find $1.00 for subscription to THE VEGETABLE GROWER, three years, with a copy of
the The Vegetable and Small Fruit Grower’s Year Book to be sent postpaid as a premium.

Name

IAG dress seprmnseeticiesteieperstert

Three things to remember in August and September

1. Plant bulbs of the glorious
Madonna Lily

(Lil. Candidum) the hardiest pure white
LILY, if you desire MATCHLESS bloom
next spring.

Taunt 2 TOO
-10 $1.15 $ 8.00
-I5 $1.50 $10.00
.25 $2.50 $15.00

Large fine flowering bulbs
Mammoth profusely flowering bulbs
Jumbo Bulbs a riot of bloom

Price Includes Delivery
2. sow

Hardy Perennials

to secure sturdy plants for your beds and borders next
spring. A SMALL outlay will repay you hundredfold.
We list only afew of the easiest grown, yielding the
most flowers.

PKT. PKT.
Antirrhinum Snapdragon .10 Lupinus Polyphyllus roseus .05

Aquilegia, Columbine Ic Myosotis alpestris, blue .10
Asters Hardy Michaelmas Pansies, our ROYAL mixture .1c
Daisies -io Pansies in 12 rarest Giant
Campanula Pyramidalis, blue sorts; the 12 pkts 5; .50
or white ne Poppies Iceland or Orient-
Coreopsis, Golden Queen alis E-10

Delphiniums, English Hy Bride ro Viola cornuta ‘Babies
Gaillardias, English Hybrids .10 faces”’ .I0

The 12pkts. for 75 cents. We send full directions ‘How to grow seeds

successfully.’
3. Secure Early Forcing Bulbs, .. ...

Narcissus Paper white, Giant flowers of satiny sheen. Large bulbs -I2 .40 2.75

Soleil d’Or Golden Sun Narcissus of a magnificent dazzling golden color bear-
ing rich clusters on long stiff stems. A glorious companion for

White Narcissus. Plant together and note effect -I5 .50 3.00
Roman Hyacinth, A mass of exquisitely fragrant pure white bells -I5 .60 4.50
Freesias, The perfumed GEMS of our window garden. Large bulbs +5 -I5 1.00

ALL PRICES listed include free delivery
Fall 1912 Catalogue is ready. Send for it. IT IS FREE. Contains CO MPL ETE, list of all seeds,

ulbs, with concise directions ““HOW best to succeed growing flowers.”

Address H. H. BERGER & CO. 7 W7gen se ert OY

Department G. 26.

The Readers’ Service will aid yi
62 in Raman waar ancaHion: iio T H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E

SEPTEMBER, 1912

Keeping Roses Over Winter

ae years ago I built a coldframe six feet long
by three feet wide, sixteen inches high in
front and two feet high in back, surrounding my
cellar window (having a southern exposure), in
which I wintered my year-old Tea and Hybrid Tea
roses with the most gratifying success.

I used pine strips }x4 in. to form the lower
base around the frame; above that glass ten inches
in height by twelve in length. The top rim was
¥X2in. I used a 2-piece sash for the top and
fastened it to the house with hinges.

The cellar window which this frame surrounds
swings open into the cellar, allowing the heat from
the furnace to warm the frame during the winter;
in the early spring, when the sun is stronger, the
excessive heat passes into the cellar. At no time
in winter did the temperature fall below thirty
degrees, nor in spring or early summer rise above
seventy. During the warm spring days I raised
the outer sash a few inches to harden off the plants.

In July and August I bought 125 one-year old
Tea and Hybrid Teas, selecting the strong-growing,
decorative or garden varieties that I knew would
do well on their own roots. I placed them in 4-inch
pots, being careful that the roots were not entangled,
using a potting soil composed of decomposed sod.
Many make the mistake of using clay instead of a
clay loam. There is a vast difference between the
two; the loam is porous, never cakes and permits
of the quick drainage of water. When potting, I
use broken crockery for drainage, and plunge the
pots in ashes in the frame so as to keep the soil in
pots at an even moisture. Watering is unnecessary
during the winter.

In the spring the two most vital things to guard
against with roses are disturbing the roots when
transplanting to the garden and not having the plant
properly hardened off before putting outdoors.

Many highly bred varieties, such-as the Lyon,
Harry Kirk, Betty, La France, Viscount Folkstone,
are not worth growing on their own roots. They
must be low-budded or grafted on some strong-
growing brier. From seventy varieties which I
have grown, the following (on their own roots) have
been selected as the strongest growers and easiest
to manage.

William R. Smith, Maman Cochet, White Cochet,
Mrs. A. R. Waddell, Etoile de France, Helen Gould,
Helen Good, Johnkeer, J. L. Mock, Antoine Rivoire
(President Taft and Mrs. Taft) which I think the
best hot weather rose, White Killarney, Bessie
Brown, President Carnot, My Maryland, Mad.
Segond Weber, Laurent Carle, Kaiserin Augusta
Victoria.

In some cases the rose bushes one buys are too
high budded. In order that such a rose may bloom
decently, it must be planted so that the union of
the graft with the stock upon which it is budded
be about two inches below the surface of the ground.
To plant such a rose at its proper depth will throw
the roots too deeply into the ground and result
in its death; and to place the roots at the proper

The Tone That Charms

In the home, on the concert stage or wherever heard, Kimball Pianos
have a tone that immediately charms the listener and marks them as instruments of un-
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This valuable booklet is free. It illustrates over three
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It contains several colored interiors which will aid you in
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Limbert’s Arts and Crafts Furniture

CHARLES P. LIMBERT COMPANY
Grand Rapids, Mich. Dept N. Holland, Mich.

——

depth will throw the union above the ground. The
union must be placed below the ground so that the
air and moisture surrounding it be in the soil.

Roses require a well enriched soil, which should
be at least eighteen inches deep and have good
drainage. Never let the roses have wet feet. Stir
the soil at least every four or five days; this is
better than frequent waterings which are liable
to sour the soil.

New York. Rosert L. HUGHEs.

Th Rea de Ss? Se v: ice gives info ti
SEPTEMBER, 1912 T H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E ce aie uiowabile vases sapere a 63

Peterson’s Perfect Peonies
The standard by which others are judged

At the June exhibition of The New York Florists’ Club this year, my Peonies created a most unusual
interest among the members (composed of the leading florists, landscape architects, and head gardeners of
New York and vicinity) and on every hand it was said to be the finest lot of Peonies ever seen in New York.

Then, too, in the past few years my Peonies have won the first prize in New York, Boston, and Queens,
L. L., for the best and most distinct varieties on exhibition—in one season having taken in New York and
Boston ten first prizes out of eleven entries—an unequaled achievement.

And this past June at my fields and exhibition gardens here, hundreds of people from all over the
country have been good enough to tell me that it was the greatest sight of its kind they ever saw, and some
of these people are in the trade—people who know.

For nineteen years I have been intensely interested in this flower. In 1893 as a young man I entered
the employ of Pitcher & Manda, Short Hills, N. J., who then had the finest collection of Peonies on this side
of the Atlantic. In the fall of 1904 I Jaunched this ,
business for myself, and today for quality—and,
yes, volume too—it stands at the head.

This is not a department of a general nursery nor
am I engaged in some other chief occupation most of
the year and then in the fall sell Peonies as a side
issue, and, without ever having won a single prize,
call myself a “ true specialist ’’ because I “ grow ”’
nothing else. Since this business began I have
done nothing else the year round but grow and
sell Peonies and Roses, and my heart has been,
and still is, in this business as well as my purse.

My 1912 catalogue of the Peony
“The Flower Beautiful”

better than ever this year, is now ready. It tells you in detail all you’d like to know about the most beautiful
and wonderful flower of our day, and offers you the cream of the world’s best varieties. It’s sent
on request. Want a copy?

A PARTICULAR BUSINESS FOR GEORGE H. PETERSON

PARTICULAR PEOPLE—A| Rose and Peony Box 50
BUSINESS OF ACHIEVEMENT Specialist Fair Lawn, N. J.

Bulbs

Direct from HOLLAND

Hyacinths
Tulips
Narcissus
Crocus

The Giant Darwin Tulips

THE FINEST TULIP GROWN

ES ks Ne

Nelson’s Big Trees and Shrubs are
JAPANESE IRIS PEONIES Not an Expense, But an Investment

Som Joe ge Warrkat y in great variety from the largest

Collection Trees that will give shade, comfort and beauty at once add many times

their cost to the value of your home. Nelson’s trees have stocky trunks,
shapely heads and strong root systems and they grow right ahead after

PERENNIAL PLANTS Pee eae Sowa matured shrubs give flowers and grateful foliage

You don’t need many trees or shrubs when you plant these; a few produce

A complete list. Can supply direct from nursery a better effect than many spindling plants, and actually cost less.

| LET NELSONS SHOW YOU HOW TO HAVE
If you do not have a copy of our 1912 Autumn “A LANDSCAPE WITHOUT WAITING”?

S 1 = Our landscape architects and engineers will be glad to assist you in the
Catalogue, write us. We will mail it selection of ‘immediate effect” trees and shrubs for fall planting. Mean-

while, if you live within 500 miles and plan to plant soon, we will send you
our book, ‘Landscapes Without Waiting,’’ which cost us $1 a copy. (To

Fottler-Fiske-Rawson Co. others, 50 cents, rebated on first order.)

0 | SWAIN NELSON & SONS COMPANY
Faneuil Hall Square Boston 764 Marquette Building Chicago, Il\inois

‘64

Write to the Readers’ Service ry
For 1 SPABNER EDA lice ae T H E G A R D E N M A G A Vb I N E

Build That
Conservatory
You Have Talked

About So Long

TOP everlastingly talking
S about it—and build it.
It won't cost a cent less
next year—maybe more.
Then anyway, perhaps it won't
cost as much as you think it will.
Of course if your ideas are large
—the cost will be proportionate.
Perhaps they are large, then
mayhap we can suggest to you
how practically the same
results can be secured at
considerably less cost. Or,
on the other hand, we may
be able to make suggestions
that will develop your first

idea into one with twice the cost.
In either case you will secure the
one you want and if we build
it, it will be worth all it costs
and more.

There are two exceedingly at-
tractive interior views of the
conservatory above shown in our
greenhouse catalog. In fact
there are thirteen pages de-
voted entirely to conservatories
and porch-enclosures.

Send for the catalog and get this
conservatory question settled at
once so we can have it all com-
pleted before frost comes.

We make the Burnham Boilers for Residence Heating.
Send for catalog.

Lord & Burnham Company

Sales Offices:

New York Boston Philadelphia
St. James Bldg. Tremout Bldg. Franklin Bank Bldg.

Factories:

Irvington, N. Y.
Des Plaines, Ill.

Chicago
Rookery Bldg.

This harrow is used extensively by gardeners and truckers in the

South and other vegetable growing sections. In Florida it is a great

favorite for orchard cultivation.
Made light for shallow cultivation; cuts two to four inches deep if
desired. No seat supplied unless ordered.
Made in three sizes :
No. 0 1-horse, with 2 gangs of five 14 in. disks each
SOO; Lt: 2-horse, 2 gangs of six 14
“000 Hvy. 2-horse, 2 gangs, seven 14 “
No pete equipment is complete without one or more of these
harrows. Used on their Experimental Grounds at Garden City,
L.L, N. Y., by the publishers of the Garden Magazine.
Send to-day for our new Catalogue “Intensive Cultivation.” Free.

Cutaway Harrow Co., 902 Main Street, Higganum, Conn.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

Ferns In A Wardian Case

Y WINDOWS are so overshadowed by porches
that attempts at cultivating flowers in the
winter have proved failures. A day in a dell,
where ledges of rocks shut out most of the sunshine,
opened my eyes to what might be had in rooms as
sunless as mine. It then dawned upon me that
wild plants might be made to live among people
and in houses if they were given the conditions they
require.

I began my experiments with a small Wardian
case or fernery. The old gardening books say one
may have almost anything if he but “carry fern
seed in his pocket,’’ and this little Wardian case
I count the first fruit of “‘fern seed in my pocket.”
Wardian cases are so called from an English natural-
ist named Ward who first used them. He lived
in the heart of London, and after repeated failures
with the sensitive ferns and other delicate plants
upon which he experimented, he invented these
little glass-covered houses to protect his specimens
from the smoke, dust, and dry, heated atmosphere
of the house which had always sooner or later
resulted in their deaths. The original Wardian
cases were air-tight; yet this is not a necessity.

The case I made was simply four panes of glass
scarcely over a foot square, bound together with
strips of brown cambric put on with good library
paste. Another pane of glass served as a cover,
and was bound about three of its edges, as were
the tops of three of the glass walls. On the fourth

A Wardian case for growing ferns indoors in winter

SrrTEMBER, 1912

GARDEN MAGAZINE

The Readers’ Service will furnish ae
information about foreign travel 65

tot! Ne i

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that stays proof
[UBER is one way to make

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proof—lay roofing made of
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The natural oils of this asphalt give
life to

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That is why Genasco lasts. It is
réal economy to use it on the roof of
every farm building.

Comes in rolls, easy for anybody to
lay. Mineral or smooth surface.

Ask your dealer for Gen-
asco. Write us for the
helpful Good Roof Guide
Book and samples—free.

The Kant-leak Kleet,
forsmooth-surface roofings,
makes seams water-tight
without cement, and pre-
vents nail leaks.

The Barber Asphalt Paving Company
Largest producers of asphalt, and largest
manufacturers of ready roofing in the world

Philadelphia
San Francisco

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Made to order—to exactly match
the color scheme of any room

“You select the color—we’ll make
the rug.””. Any width—seamless up
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tone—soft and subdued, or bright
and striking. Original, individual,
artistic, dignified. Pure wool or
camel’s hair, expertly woven at
short notice. Write for color card.
Order through your furnisher.

Thread & Thrum Workshop
Auburn, New York

is pre-eminent.
You might be able to build a
cabinet that outwardly would re-
semble a Victor-Victrola, You
might even copy the inside construc-
tion and details, if they were not pro-
tected by patents. But there is no
copying the superior Victor-Victrola
tone-quality.

That represents years of patient exper-
iment—with various woods, with differ-
ent proportions, with numerous vibratory
surfaces—and it is simply astonishing
how slight a variation in size, in shape, in
position, seriously affects the tone quality.

No, the Victor-Victrola tone can’t be
equaled! Even though the eye could
take in every detail of construction,
there is still that same indescribable
“something” which makes the Stradiva-
rius supreme among violins, which gives
to the Victor-Victrola the wonderfully
sweet, clear and mellow tone that has
established this instrument as_pre-

eminent in tone quality.

Hear the Victor-Victrola today at the nearest
Victor dealer’s—you’ll spend a
delightful half-hour and come
away with a greater love for
music and a more thorough ap-
preciation of this superb instru-
ment.

Victor Talking Machine Co.
Camden, N. J., U.S. A.

Berliner Gramophone Co., Montreal
Canadian Distributors.

: 5 ae Always use Victor Machines
HIS MASTERS VOICE with Victor Records and Victor
ean! Needles—the combination. There

is no other way to get the un-

as : . PD ene Victor tone.
wk

That’s where the Victor-Victrola

Victor-Victrola VI, $25
\ Oak

Victor-Victrola IX, $50

Mahogany or oak

Victor-Victrola XVI, $200

Mahogany or w quartered oak
y 4 Other styles $15 to $150

New Victor Records are on sale at all dealers on the 28th of each month

Plant for Immediate Effect

Not for Future Generations

Start with the largest stock that can be secured!

It takes over twenty

years to grow many of the Trees and Shrubs as we offer.

We do the long waiting —thus enabling you to secure Trees and Shrubs that

give an immediate effect.

ANDORRA NURSERIES °e

Send for Fall price list.

CHESTNUT HILL,
PHILADELPHIA, PA.

WM. WARNER HARPER, Proprietor

66

he Readers’ Service will give y -
Sees interes A, ieateivek aly H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E

CAN YOU THINK OF ANY HARDER TEST
FOR WOOD THAN GREENHOUSE USE?

You know ordinary wood in greenhouses lasts not over 4 years.

Zero on one side, hot humidity on the other, constant contact with wet rich earth and com-
post, constant sprinkling and sweating, all combine in an invitation to hurry up and rot.

NEXT TO THE GROWTH OF THE PLANTS THEMSELVES

THE BUSIEST THING IN A GREENHOUSE

is the decay-tendency of the wood it is mostly made of.

THOSE WHO MAKE GREENHOUSES A BUSINESS

- tCTHE WOOD ETERNAL? eer
One of the largest greenhouse manufacturers, J. C. Moninger Co., Chicago, says:
“We first began using Cypress exclusively for greenhouse construction in 1885, using it previously in

conjunction with pine. The greenhouses then built with Cypress are being used today by their
: y e é - -apf? 7 ro af / -Se,
owners and the wood is found perfectly preserved and free of any decay or vot.” Figure tt oul yourself.

x

WRITE TODAY for VOLUME 3 of the CYPRESS POCKET LIBRARY, WITH 20 PAGES

of Valuable Guidance for Amateur Greenhouse Folks. (Sent PROMPTLY and no charge.)

“WOOD THAT WILL STAND THE GREENHOUSE TEST

WILL STAND ANYTHING,” SO INSIST ON CYPRESS— “AND NO SUBSTITUTES.”
When planning new improvements or repairs to old ones, just remember— “With CYPRESS you BUILD BUT ONCE”

Let our “*ALL-ROUND HELPS DEPARTMENT” help YOU. Ourentire resources are at yourservice with Reliable Counsel.

SOUTHERN CYPRESS MANUFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION
1209 HIBERNIA BANK BUILDING, NEW ORLEANS, LA.

Stain Your Outside Woodwork
—shingles, siding, half-timbers, trel-
lises, pergolas, sheds, fences—with

Cabot’s Creosote Stains

The rich, transparent coloring effects are more appropriate and
beautiful than any other colorings. and they wear better, cost
less and are easier to apply. ‘‘Painty’’ effects spoil the beauty
of the wood, and paint costs twice as much. The creosote thor-
oughly preserves the wood. Don’t buy stains that smell of kero-
sene; they are dangerously inflammable.

s adl over th

1 Oliver St., Boston, Mass.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

side the cambric united the two glasses and served
as a hinge so that the cover could be raised.

A square baking tin three inches deep held my
“woods.” The ferns and flowery bells took so
kindly to their new quarters and were such things
of beauty, that it was not many days before the
“fern seed in my pocket,” along with half a dozen
dimes and a little ingenuity, elaborated a larger
fernery. A broken-backed bureiu in the attic
gave me one of its drawers; a decrepit table offered
four good legs with casters. Connections between
the two were made, and the half dozen dimes went
to constructing a wooden frame with sides and
ends, something after the order of a window sash
and shaped like a gabled roof. And here let
me say that if you would succeed with the delicate
varieties of ferns, as well as with other fragile
wildings, you must have a glass cover to the
fernery.

To eke out the possibilities of my half dozen
dimes, the glass walls of this fernery were not
“diamond plate,” but were made of panes of glass
twelve by fourteen inches, such as my grocer was
able to furnish and cut. These i ere fitted so
closely together in the sashes, that the lines where
their edges joined were hardly perceptible. A
good sized gimlet hole bored in each end of the
drawer assured drainage and guarded against the
roots of the plants standing in sour soil or too much
water. The entire case was stained a dark woodsy
brown. And then came the happy task of sifting
in the light leafy mold, rich and porous.

But little water is required with ordinary glass
covers, and that should be sprinkled over the
ferns only once or twice a month, as the evaporat-
ing moisture creates a damp atmosphere. Too
much moisture will be shown by large drops gather-
ing upon the glass and trickling down.

My case was large enough to hold a variety of
ferns. I had lady ferns that grow everywhere
in the country, and which anyone may have for
the taking, and fragrant shield ferns. In corners
I planted rattlesnake ferns, and evergreen wood
ferns and their cousins with their cruzier-like
fiddle-heads. Maiden hair and a half dozen little
mountain spleenworts stood with their feet among
mosses, without which ferns never feel at home.
Lichens, silver and green and coral tipped, made
charming contrasts to the green. A pipsissewa
with its variegated leaves, a clump of liverwort,
and a tuft of squirrel’s corn, its finely cleft foliage
in mimicry of ferns, made a happy little colony,
while partridge vines, with tiny white velvety stars
and twin scarlet berries, gave dainty touches of
color.

Tern balls I made myself by wrapping a fern-
root (with all the soil I could keep clinging about
it) in sheets of moss held closely in place by wire
or string which the mosses concealed. These
hung from the gabled roof of my little fern house.

AN IDEA FOR A NORTH WINDOW

Having had so much success with my fernery,
T looked around for ‘‘new worlds to conquer.” In
my dining room there is a deep north window.
It came to me one day that a second sash might
be placed on the inside and fitted from the wide
windowsill up to the ceiling above. This was done
and I had a space between the two windows a
foot and a half deep and the size of a large casement.
Here I also have the lady fern and a few climbing
ferns, rare as they are exquisite.

In a tangled bog garden I discovered a colony
of pitcher plants, and translated a clump to my
window. With their pitchers big and little kept
full of water they grow bronzy green and purple.
Here also amid the ferns, wild flowers blossom, for
in a congenial atmosphere a few slanting rays of
sunshine make for them a spring and summer.

Christmas ferns, with their evergreen leaves
which are tough almost as leather, do not require
to be covered with glass. They mass effectively,
and are fine for brackets and corners, accommodat-
ing themselves to almost any conditions, even
keeping fresh for weeks in glasses of water. A
graceful fern growing in a sea-shell or in a fern
dish makes a charming centrepiece for the dining
table. If you want more and different ferns than
those obtainable in the woods, many dealers have
them for sale.

Michigan. Mrs. A. S. Harpy.

Sr PTEMBER, 1912

GARDEN TOOLS

are what you need to
make your garden more
productive.

They are made right,
with over sixty years ex-
perience back of them,
are easily adjusted; and

easy to handle. Your
garden work will be a
pleasure with Ames Gar-
den Tools

Write at once for our
catalog No. 6. For your
dealer’s name we will
send you a beautiful Gar-

den Calendar Guide free.
AMES PLOW CO.

Boston, Mass.

The Stephenson System of
Underground Refuse Disposal

J
%; Keep your garbage and waste out of
sight underground or below floor in

Pics eon Underground

Garbage and Refuse Receivers

Flyproof, sanitary. A fireproof disposal of refuse
in cellar, factory or garage. Under-
ground Earth Closets for Camps.

In use nine years.
It pays to look us up.

Sold direct. Send for circulars.

C. H. STEPHENSON, Mfr.
40 Farrar St. Lynn, Mass.

+ The latest books on trav el and biography may
~ gre
M A G A Z I N E be obtained through the Readers’ Service 67

Saveutheminees

Trees require occasional expert attention to keep them in
healthy condition. Often times trees that appear sound are slowly
dying. They may topple over any time, causing property loss, if not
loss of life. Protect yourself by having your trees examined at once.

DAVEY TREE EXPERTS

this work, when requested, without cost. The charge of afterwards treating
diseased trees in many cases is no more than the cost of carting dead trees
away. Don’t let any man touch your trees unless he shows you credentials
proving him qualified to perform the work. All graduates of the Davey Insti-
tute of Tree Surgery carry such testimony, and are employed by the Davey
Tree Expert Co. WE NEVER LET GOOD MEN GO. If you are the owner
of trees they are worth saving. Write to-day and arrange for a free examination.

The Davey Tree Expert Co.'
255 OAK STREET, KENT, OHIO

Branch Offices: New York, Chicago, Toronto

Canadian Address:
707 New Birks Building, Montreal

THE GARDEN

Representatives Available
Everywhere.

f JOHN DAVEY
i Father of Tree Surgery

COPYRIGHT 1912:

Dip Your Shingles Before Laying

Dipping gives absolute protection — where
rain gets through between and_ under shingles,
as well as to the outer surfaces. Whether applied
by brushing or dipping,

Dexter Brothers
English Shingle Stains
are better than paint. They protect the
shingles with preservative, waterproofing oils, yet
retain the natural texture and beauty of the wood.
The pure English ground colors cannot fade.
Write for stained miniature shingles and Booklet A.
DEXTER BROS. CO., 110 Broad Street, Boston
Branches: 1133 B’ way, bray Race St., Uhilad i
1d. t c Ce: g

where water gets
through to the
under shinglesand
wet rots them,
Dipping the
shingles two-
thirds their length

pea 8 d : p FT. i
s Seattle, Spokane, Tacoma, Wash., and Portland, L
Residence of Robert J. Collier, Ba. F prevents this.

Ore.; Sherman Kimball, San Francisc Hoff-
J. Russell Pope, Architect, New Yo schlager & Co., Honolulu;, AND DEALERS.

68

Write to the Readers’ Service for
suggestions about garden furniture

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER, 1912

Can you always eat all that
you “can’’?

After the work of “‘canning’’ do you find

much of your fruit is spoiled? Then why

persist in using old-style, narrow-necked,

tin-topped, screw-capped jars?

That was the old way of “canning.”

E-Z SEAL JARS

Try putting up beets, beans, corn and
tomatoes for winter use. It is fun when
you use the E-Z Seal Jar. It has the sani-
tary all-glass cap — no metal at al]. No
twisting and turning—the cap clamps with
a spring seal. It closes and opens with a
touch of the finger. And—your fruit keeps!

Free Jar—
Free Book

Cut out this coupon,
take it to your grocer
—he will give you one
E-Z Seal Jar—FREE.
Be sure and write us
for FREE Book of
Recipes—it tells many
things you should
know. Get the Jar
from the grocer. Get
the Book from ws.

HAZEL-ATLAS GLASS COMPANY
Wheeling, W. Va.

1-Qt. E-Z Seal Jar “
FREE for the Coupon

Please note—in order to secure free jar this coupon must
be presented to your dealer before Oct. r5th, 1912, with
blank spaces properly filled out.
HAZEL-ATLAS GLASS CO.
Wheeling, W. Va.

This is to certify, That I have this day received one
“Atlas” E-Z Seal Jar Free of all cost and without any obli-
gation on my part. This is the first coupon presented by
any member of my family.

Address

TO THE DEALER: Present this to jobber from whom
you recieved E-Z Seal] Jars. All coupons must be signed
by you and returned before Nov. tst, 1912.

DEALER’S CERTIFICATE. This is to certify, that I
gave away one ‘“‘Atlas’”’ E-Z Seal Jar to the person whose
signature appears above.

Dealer’s Name

Address

Toward the End of Summer

RANSPLANT cabbage and collards now in

order to have them for use this winter. If
you have no plants, get some from a reliable
dealer. Fertilize heavily after planting and keep
a close watch for cabbage worms which are usually
very troublesome at this time of the year. By
planting onion sets now you can have onions during
the late fall and winter.

Sow pansy seed now so as to have large and
beautiful flowers early next spring.

Make another sowing of lettuce during the
month. In the middle part of Georgia it is as
hardy when planted in the open ground as cab-
bage, especially these varieties: Naumburger,
Wayahead, Big Boston, May King and Grand
Rapids.

Another planting of bush beans can be made at
once; if you wait until the second week of Septem-
ber it will be too late. If you and your family
are fond of greens, sow mustard, kale, spinach,
Seven Top turnip and winter radish.

Geraniums, begonias, cyclamen, primula, Chinese
primrose and other house plants that have been
outdoors during the summer may be repotted now
so that the roots will become reéstablished before
the cold weather sets in. Of course, they need not
yet be taken into the house but may still be kept
out in the shade where they can get plenty of
fresh air until about the first of November. Be
sure to give them plenty of water but not too
much.

Harvest Spanish peanuts if they are fully mature;
if the tops are tall they may first be cut off with a
mower which will improve the hay and make it
almost free from dirt. Also harvest corn during
the last of the month.

Begin now to plant such bulbs as Madonna lily,
daffodils, calla lily, jonquils, hyacinths, and the
Spanis, English, and Japanese iris. Remember,
too, that the iris needs a moist situation in order
to produce luxuriant bloom. The Japanese type
is also perfectly hardy and is the largest and
probably the most beautiful. Plant them along
the edges and banks of ponds and streams.

By sowing onion seed now in well prepared soil,
you can have some good onions one or two months
earlier than if the seed is not sown until the spring.
Our winters and springs are more favorable to their
growth than our summers, which have a tendency
to ripen the bulbs before they reach an extra large
size. especially in dry seasons.

Cotton harvesting time is also at hand and an
effort should now be made to improve the quality
of the cotton by selecting good seed for next year.
Choose the plants that produce the largest amount
of lint and are free from disease. The first open
bolls are preferred as they will produce early
plants.

Begin preparations this month for a winter
pasture for hogs, cattle and poultry. Rye, rape,
and crimson clover are the most popular crops for
this purpose, although rye will furnish pasture
through the winter and will stand closer pasturing
than either rape or crimson clover. The latter is a
great soil enricher and prevents the soil from wash-
ing. A good plan is to divide the field by fences
into lots and turn the stock in from one lot to
another, thus having 1 continuous supply of green
feed throughout the winter months. You can
probably save enough in one fall and winter on
dry feed alone to pay for the cost of fencing.

Georgia. Tuomas J. STEED.

Just a turn of
this little crank
| opens or closes
your shutters

A

The Modern Way to
Close Your Shutters

Stand inside and turn a little crank—don’t
remove the screens or even raise the sash.

THE MALLORY SHUTTER WORKER

opens, fastens at any angle, or closes and locks
the shutters from the inside, without admit-
ting flies and mosquitoes or exposing yourself
to bad weather.

Attractively finished to suit your wood-work.
They are readily attached to any shutter on
old or new frame, brick or stone dwelling.

Ask your hardware dealer, and if he does not
have them, write us for our Free illustrated
booklet giving us your Dealer’s name.

Mallory Manufacturing Co.

253 Main Street, Flemington, N. J., U.S. A.

Protect your trees from rabbits,
insects, etc., by using

Hawkeye Tree Protectors

Write us for description and price.
We have 500 acres in nurserystock.
Send for catalogue.

The Elizabeth Nursery Co., Elizabeth, N. J.

Murray

AND

With those who know, Murray
& Lanman’s Florida Water finds
a hearty welcome. Its use is al-
ways a source of extreme person-
al satisfaction. For the bath, a
rub down, or after shaving, it has
been a favorite for over a hundred
years.
Leading druggists sell it
Accept no Substitute!

Sample sent on receipt

of six cents in stamps

Lanman & Kemp
135 Water Street New York

SEPTEMBER, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 69

Eight issues including the

A Special Chance for NewReaders |," ye

$2.50 for $ 1 .00 ee Annual

To introduce CouNTRY LIFE IN AMERICA to a new body of readers we are making
a special short-term trial offer of eight issues for a dollar. Any one can take advantage
of it by filling out the attached coupon and mailing it with a dollar bill.

Country Life

@

in America

for September 15th, will be devoted to the manifold interests of the great Middle West,
and will be called, ‘‘The Heart-of-the-Country’’ Number.

The Contents

How the Middle West Can Come Into Its Own
Wilhelm Muller

Insurgent Architecture - - - - - Charles E. White, Jr.

Beautiful America — The Middle West - Hamlin Garland

Choosing a Chicago Suburb- - - Sherman R. Duffy 7
/

Three Renaissance Houses on the Great Lakes /
Phil M. Riley J ict

Pipe P Doubleday,
Home Furnishing, Power Yachting, The Page & Co.,

Garden City, N.Y.
Automobile, Garden and Grounds, Stable
Please send me

and Kennel, etc. eight issues of
Country Life in America,

beginning with the
7 September 15th num-

25 cents at the news stands J estas ieloeeen nee
Subscription, $4.00 a year, ment

The Upper Mississippi postpaid

Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden City, N. Y. ma

om The Readers’ Service will gladly furnish
70 information about Retsil Shops

THE GARDEN

r=

TRADE MARK REG, U SPAT OFF Ss

"Window Shades

—now made in three
popular priced grades

The original Brenlin Unfilled Shades hang at

amillion and a half windows. From coast to
coast they are known as the finest shades made.
Where, however, there is need for shades of a
lower grade there has been an insistent de-
mand for a Brenlin standard of quality in those
grades. To meet this demand we have now
brought out two new shades, making in all
three Brenlin quality grades, priced for the
ordinary window — (1 yd.x 2 yds.) — at

75c, 55c and 25c

(Except in the Far West)

Brenlin Unfilled—the original Brenlin—should always
be used where length of service and attractive appear-
ance are first considerations.—For this shade is made
of closely woven cloth without the “filling” that

holes’. Sun won't fade it nor water spot it. It is
supple — not stiff, yet always hangs straight and
smooth—and really shades. Madein many artistic tones.
Special sizes and Brenlin Duplex—white one side, dark
the other, made to order at proportionate prices, For
windows 1 yd. x 2 yds., 75c.
Brenlin Filled at 55c, and Brenlin Ma- | Mail Orders
chine Made at 25c, for windows 1 yd.x 2 Miges aclenis
yds.will be foundbyfar the best values in | your town can
window shades at these prices. Cut gen- | supply Brenlin
erously long,finished with unusual care, | write us and
and mounted on the best rollers made. wew ilisupply

ct. e
Write for the Brenlin book satisfactorily
It shows actual samples of Brenlin in all colors, | #11 thousands
and gives many helpful suggestions for the artistic ]°f oTders by
treatment of your windows. With it we will send | Mailevery year
you the name of the Brenlin dealer in your town.
CHAS. W. BRENEMAN & CO., 2073-2083 Reading Rd., Cincinnati,O.

For Sale by leading EPaite everywhere

A course for Home-makers and
Gardeners taught by Prof. Craig
and Prof. Beal, of Cornell Uni-
versity.

Gardeners who understand up-to-
date methods and practice are in
demand for the best positions.

A knowledge of Landscape Gar-
dening is indispensable to those
who would have the pleasantest
homes.

Pror. Craic
250 page catalogue free. Write today.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL

Dept. G., Springfield, Mass.

Landscape Gardening]

Cyclamen for Indoor Bloom

HERE is nothing more beautiful than a well
grown plant of cyclamen.

You can buy the bulbs at any seed store, but
the most satisfactory way is to grow your plants
from seed, in which case the most necessary thing
is to be positive that you have a good strain.
Patronize a thoroughly reliable seedsman.

Sow the seed during the latter part of September.
Use a small, shallow box; drain it well and have the
loam on top well sifted and very fine in texture.
Sow the seeds very carefully to prevent their being
in bunches, then press them into the soil. Cover
with a piece of glass, which should be removed just
as soon as the seedlings appear. Keep them in the
light, but cool and guarded from the hot sun.

In the spring they will be ready for potting off

Healthy cyclamen bulbs, showing how they strike
from the bottom of the bulb in great masses

into very small pots and later they will need
another shift. During the summer they should be
grown in a shady place so as to be brought along
gradually. During this time they are liable to be
attacked by insects, so scatter a liberal amount of
tobacco stems around the pots. When the plants
are taken into the house, do not make the mistake
of trying to force them. Keep them cool and
allow them to take their own time about flowering.

Should you decide upon growing cyclamen from
bulbs, pot them in a light, sandy soil. Do not put
the bulb deep, leave part of it out of the soil. The
roots when healthy strike from the bottom of the
bulbs in great masses. Keep the bulbs cool —a
dry atmosphere and heat will be ruinous to the
leaves.

Such an atmosphere also subjects the plants
to insect attacks. Syringe them often with ivory
soap, thoroughly washing off the soap with water.
Fumigate lightly and frequently and be careful
not to give too heavy a smoke; use a flour bag and
tobacco paper which burns very readily. A little
piece of the paper will be sufficient for each plant.

Cyclamen seedlings ready for potting off into small
pots

MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER, 1912

Silverware for

Suburban Homes

When you give a luncheon
or tea on the terrace or porch,
it is the silver that adds
most to the attractiveness of

the table.

Do you know that the best
silver plate made is

[847 ROGERS BROS.

“Silver Plate
that Wears.’’

It is backed with an unqualified
guarantee made possible by the
actual test of 65 years.

Our new pattern, Old Colony,
illustrated here, will appeal to
all lovers of simplicity in
silverware.

Sold by leading dealers -

everywhere. Send forillus-
trated catalogue “W-32.”

INTERNATIONAL SILVER CO.

Successor to
Meriden Britannia Co.

MERIDEN, CONN.
New York Cuicaco
SAN FRANCISCO, HAMILTON, CANADA

The World’s Largest Makers
of Sterling Silver and Plate.

GERMAN IRIS PLANT NOW
Gypsy Queen, deep copper and maroon.
H. Cramer, lavender. Her Majesty, pink.
Honorablis, yellow and bronze.

Mme. Chereau,white, lavender edge. Mrs. H. Darwin,white.
Mrs. Wheeler, lavender and deep purple.

Strong plants, 12cents each. The seven for 75 cents, r5 cents
each by mail. Cash with order please.

FREDERIC J. REA Norwood, Mass.

gc» Have Abundant Water Supply

Water delivered any height and distance, if you
have a flowing spring or small stream, by in-
stalling an Aquaram Engine.
Works Automatically. Constant

flow. No running expenses. Send
~} for Catalogue C.

AQUARAM ENGINE COMPANY
221 Fulton Street, New York City

SEPTEMBER, 1912

The Greenhouse Can Easily Be One
of the Most Attractive and Inter-

esting Features of Your Grounds

HAT is to say—provided it is designed right,
planned right, and built right, by the right
greenhouse concern. Simple asthis house is,

it certainly fits into its location most charmingly.

Our catalog shows 50 more equally as attractive.

Some are snug little chaps — others goodly sized
—but every one of them is interesting to any one
at all interested in having a greenhouse. Send for it.

Hitchings & Co.

Write to our main office at
800 Louisa Street, Elizabeth, N. J.
Or call at our New York Office
1170 Broadway

The Readers’ Service gives
T H E G A R D E N M A G A Z, I N E pines Gaboubih aacesinere Tl

Ps

earmeweereyet pereerscnagerpasesye

No Strain When High Nailing

DOUBLE CLAW HAMMER

«¢for the mechanic with an ambition to succeed’?

16 oz. or 21 oz. Head — WHICH?
$1.50 at your dealer’s

or from us, delivery prepaid.
Worth ten times more than the common
hammer — costs three times more to make.

DOUBLE CLAW HAMMER CO.
START Brookba Ny, OUT
Pulls The
Nail Out
Straight
Without
A Block

ability wzth Artistic Qual
Baities that will add Charm
to Your Garden &Home
p#at Reasonable Cost.
¥- Pots,Boxes,Vases,Sun-
dials, Benches azd other
attractive pieces are
shown 772 our Catalogue
which will be maile
upon request.
SV

GALLOWAY TERRA COTTA ©.
3214 WALNUT ST. PHILADELPHIA

EPONSET

PRODUCTS

: 2

sr

=

Not a Leak in 13 Years

The climate of Alabama is hard on roofing. From Alabama, Town of Sheffield,
comes this letter:
“John R. Tupper, of Florence, Ala., built a lumber shed at Iowa City, 13 years ago, and roofed it with

=
NEPONSET =
PAROID ROOFING ~

“The building is now partly pulled down and the roof has sagged. There are low parts where the water
stands after a rain; but the water evaporates without going through the roofing. No attention has been
given to the repair of this roofing for 13 years and still it does not leak.’’

The economical roofing is the one that you know will last. Actual records prove that NEPONSET Paroid Roofing is the
real rival of best shingles in long wear. It costs less to buy and less to lay—in addition gives fire protection.

The U.S. Government has used over a million square feet of NEPONSET Paroid Roofing on the Panama Canal work.
Farmers are buying it for their biggest and best barns.

Remember the name NEPONSET Paroid, the roofing with a record. Make sure that you getit. Sold only by regularly
authorized NEPONSET dealers, leading hardware and lumber merchants.

Send for Our FREE Booklet on Roofing
NEPONSET and the name of a NEPONSETdealer near you. He's agood man to know. Send postal today-

pues Roe F. W. BIRD & SON, 225 Neponset Street, E. WALPOLE, MASS.

Tecra an ase 4 (Established 1795)
anpreed at SAEs New York Chicago Washington Portland, Oregon San Francisco
Canadian Plant: Hamilton, Ont.

S cerenonnebe pees arate renee nae = ; — PEDIC ET an PEAS

— a ee
e 50 Sample Flowers of my
ultmore Nursery [ choice dahlias S00 vi
Express f. 0. b. Westerly.
Ornamental Shrubs, Hardy Plants, Deciduous and Evergreen Trees. Each labeled with name
Interesting, helpful, informing catalogs sent upon request. and price of bulbs. Select your order now for next spring delivery.
BOX 1292 BILTMORE, N. C. Geo. L. Stillman, Dahlia Specialist, Westerly, R.I., Box C-2.

FALL is the time to plant native Trilliums,

Lilies, Dog-Tooth Violets, Bloodroot, Spring
Beauty, etc. This is the class of plants you
need to beautify your woodland. I can
supply them in quantity. The Trillium
Grandiflorum I can furnish for $4 per hundred.

Send for illustrated catalog, free

It contains descriptions of many piants suited to
woodland culture. It also contains descriptions of
Ferns, Primroses, Digitalis, Iris, Campanulas, etc.
Write to-day.

EDWARD GILLETT, Box F, Southwick, Mass: RILLIUM

y ! GRANDIFLORUM

The Readers’ Service will give inf ti x
72 shoud thei letest Gutomabin accsstotias > THE GARDEN MAGAZINE SEPTEMBER, 1912

50,000 Owners Know—

It’s the record of actual performance that should influence your selection of a water supply
system.
"Nearly 50,000 owners of ‘‘Reeco’’ Systems can tell you their records of actual performance,
covering in hundreds of cases, 20 years or more continuous service.
Thus you have much more to go by than a manufacturer’s unsupported claims. There’sa

‘‘Reeco’’ owner near you, ask him. We know of thousands of ‘“‘Reeco’’ Systems that have
been in service 20 years or more without requiring any important repairs.

“REECO” Water Supply Systems

are fool proof and trouble proof — the most substantial and most economical systems made.
“‘Reeco’’ Systems are equipped with elevated or pressure tanks and operated by the famous
“REECO” ELECTRIC PUMPS or the ‘“‘Reeco’’ Rider and ‘‘Reeco’”’ Ericsson Hot Air Engines.
No steam, no noisy exhaust. We make complete installa-
tions for country homes, hotels, factories, etc., and when
desired supply all equipment and assume full responsibility,

70 years’ experience back of our methods. , a oe, a! In order to get good blossoms keep the plants cool
Important Price Reductions - Tobacco stems around the pot will act as a pre-

ventive. After the flowering season, gradually dry

off the plants by withholding water, and put them

away in a dry place until they are wanted again.
Massachusetts. Luke J. DoocueE.

Owing to our greatly increased output and the reduction
in cost of manufacture, we have made liberal reductions on
all “‘Reeco’’ Systems.

Write nearest office for Catalogue U

RIDER-ERICSSON ENGINE CO. ae The Grape Leaf-Hopper

New York. Boston. Philadelphin, Montreal, P.Q. Sydney, Australia Ls A e
The ‘‘Reeco’’ Pumps are in every State of the ss HIS pest of the vineyard was abroad in un-
Union and in every country on the Globe. ‘ usual force this season. While it is now too
late to attempt much active work against it,
special precautions must be taken to prevent its
destroying the crop next year.
Pl t P ‘ N This fall thoroughly clean up the vineyard,
an eonies OW burning all trash in order to destroy the hibernat-
ing adults of the hopper.

In the spring, large numbers of the hibernated
adults can be caught by sticky shields carried
along each side of the rows of vines, the insects
being frightened out by shaking the vines. Do this
early in the season, before the eggs are deposited.
A light wooden frame is made seven or eight feet
long by four feet high. To the crosspiece at
the bottom, which is about-a foot from the ground,
fasten several stiff wires shaped like the teeth of
a hayrake,so that the points curve inward and
downward to the ground. The whole framework,
including the wires, is covered with oilcloth coated
with a mixture of one quart of melted resin and
one pint of castor oil. :

The eggs of the hoppers are laid just beneath
the epidermis on the undersides of the leaves.
The young live, as the parents do, by sucking the
juices from the leaves, first on the lower surfaces
and later spreading all over the vines. Whale-oi!
soap solution, in the proportion of one pound of
soap to ten gallons of water, is effective in des-
Wild Bros. Nursery Co., Box 514, Sarcoxie, Mo. troying the young, wingless hoppers. Spray
thoroughly, covering the under sides of the leaves,
beginning just as soon as the nymphs become com-
mon. Only those are killed which the spray
actually touches.

This Month’s Cover

HE dahlia is essentially a September flower,
and. despite all that is urged against it —its
short season, the uncertainty of results because of
the gamble against the weather, and the care that
has to be given throughout the year, including the
winter —maintains a tight hold in favor because

RE you interested in curios,
objects of art, antiques,
and things hand made

for the art side of home life?
Perhaps you would like to know
where to find something along

Pick out the spots
where you would like
to see them blooming
and plant now. Next
spring you will be re-
warded with their beau-
tiful fragrant flowers
and they will increase
in size and profusion of
bloom fromyear toyear.

This climate and rich
soil are particularly
adapted to Peonies. Our

' Peony roots are full of

- real life and vigorous

promise. No flower can

be grown with greater

ease or less attention.

No matter where you

are we are near to you who want the best.
Send for our catalog now and plant them early.

these lines that you have in
mind. Perhaps you would like
to dispose of a part of your
own collection. However it
may be, if you have any query
that. you wish to make in
regard to curios, antiques, etc.,
we will do our best to help
you find the answer. Write
The Readers’ Service, Double-
day, Page & Company, Garden
City, Long Island, New York

MORE FRUIT is tas oe

an Jose Scale, Aphis, White Fly, etc. by spraying with

2GOOD SsorassFISH OIL

SOAP NOS

ao Bee
at Kills all tree pests with injury to trees. Fertilizes
the soil and aids healtt wth.

Jur valuable book on T;
oa FREE Pint pace: wie cane
JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 931 N. Front Street, Philadelphia

e of its glorious colorings. Modern fancy runs
For Liquor and Drug Users towards the cactus types, of which one is shown on
My =| this month’s cover.
A scientific remedy that has cured nearly half a The essential care of the dahlia comes in attend-

ing to it every winter. After killing frost has cut
down the tops, the roots should be dug from the
ground and slightly dried off. The entire roots

million in the past thirty-two years. Administered
by medical specialists at Keeley Institutes only.

Write for particulars 3 must then be stored in a place where they will not
Z be frozen nor will not be warm enough to start
To the Following Keeley Institutes : growth, and there must also be moisture enough to
keep the tubers from shrivelling. A good practical
Hot Springs. Ark. Atlanta, Ga. Kansas City, Mo. Columbus, 0. Providence, R. I. } method is to put the roots, as soon as they come
t's , Dwight, Il. St. Louis, Mo. land, Ore. | 28. C. - . >.
Hosea relese Cal Mae a erst OBST Vocnst St. PhlladelgharPa. Salt Lake'¢ite, Utak from the field, into boxes with coal ashes and put

_San Francisco, Cal. Crab Orchard, Ky. Manchester. N. I. 812 N. Broad St. Toronto, Ontario
West Haven, Conn. Portland, Me. Buffalo, N. Y. Pittsburg, Pa. Winnipeg, Manitoba . *
Jacksonville, Fla. Lexington, Mass. White Plains, N.Y. 4246 Fifth Ave. London, England could be used equally well. Maintain a tempera-

ture of about 45 degrees.

them in a cellar. Keep the ashes moist. Sand

SEPTEMBER, 1912

Ask Me What You
Can Do With Berries

I have made a hobby of berries

for forty-five years, experimenting,
learning about varieties, soils and lo-
cations, gathering ideas. I have made
big money from berries, and socanyou.
You can net $500 an acre with ber-
ries. You can lay up $1,000 a year
from five acres. For $100 you can rent
five acres, buy enough

plants, plant and care for

them, and get $500 profit

in two years. The first

year the new plants pro-
duced will be worth $250.

I give you ideas— fortify you against hard times,
open the door for you to independence. Ask me what to
plant, and whether your soil and location are good.
Follow my suggestions and you will make money.

MY 1913 BOOK FREE— READY SOON
A brand new Berry Catalog-book, 32 pages, dozens of pictures,
descriptions of the best berries, and a history of my work in berry
growing that is loaded with most valuable points. “Ask for a copy,
and for suggestions and estimates.
Himalaya Berry is fruiting this year
in Michigan at 2% tons per acre.

A. MITTING
Berrydale Experiment Gardens

Garden Avenue
Molland, Mich.

Piedmont Southern Red
Cedar Chest... Delights every woman.

Free Trial for 15 Days in your own
home. Greatest variety.of designs and sizes.

Moth Proof Cedar Chest

Dust, dam mp and mouse proof! An ideal Christ-
mas, wedding and birthday gift! Makes your
money go further than any other fine sift!
Enriches any home! Saves furs and woolens.
f Factory prices! Freight prepaid.

Write Today—Get our great 56-page catalog and booklet, ‘‘The
Story of Red Cedar,”’ and all particulars, free and postpaid.

Piedmont Red Cedar Chest Co., Dept. A, Statesville, N.C.

Unusually well - bred

Fairfax Roses pyr eee na

succeed anywhere. Free Catalogue tel.s all about them.
W. R. GRAY, Box 6, Oakton, Fairfax County, Va.

OULDS RELIABLE SPRAYERS

GIVE LONG SERVICE AND BEST RESULTS.
SEND FOR VALUABLE SPRAY GUIDE.
THE GOULDS MFG. CO., 82 W. FALL ST., SENECA FALLS, N. Y.

PEONIES IRIS

Now is the time
Sylvania, Pa.

FRED W. CARD

WIZARD BRAND

Sheep Manure

Dried and Pulverized, makes _ grass, shrubs,
trees and flowers gr TOW "quick and strong. Gives
wonderful results. Handiest kind of ferti-

lizer to use. Economical andclean—no weeds, .
no waste, no bub BESS to blow over the lawn.

Best to ae

siceessiall Fall Planting

and best at all times for landscape
and field fertilizing.

$400 feiss or Omaha

BARRE] suALS sh with order. Ask

we Eau ADS for auantity prices Sartre tise
ooKlet.

‘STABLE! |, The Pulverized Manure Co.

19 Union Stock Yards, Chicago
‘Wizard Brand is sold by first-class seedsmen

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

The Readers’ Service will give information
about the latest automobile accessories

rottines WHITE ENAMEL

F you want the white enamel finish de luxe, tell your painter
and architect to use Vitralite, The Long-Life White Enamel.

This beautiful, porcelain-like white finish is durable and

water-proof.

May be used inside or outside, on wood, metal

or plaster, whether old or new, and may be washed indefinitely.

Vitralite is pure white and stays white —
will not turn ycllow, nor crack. It is eco-
nomical because it covers so much surface; is
so easy to apply, and will not show brush
marks, Write for the two

Free Booklets on Vitralite and
Decorative Interior Finishing
also sample panel finished with Vitralite. They
will intcrest you. Vitralite can be tinted to
any shade desired and may be rubbed toa dull
finish when the rich natural gloss is not
preferred.

On your floors and linoleum, old or new,
e ‘61°? Floor Varnish. It is heel- proof,

mar eee and water-proof. Will not turn
white, show scratches nor heel marks. Prove
this. Send for

Free Floor Booklet and Sample Panel
finished with ‘“61.’? Test it yourself. Hit
it with a hammer. You may dent the wood
but the varnish won’t crack. Pratt & Lam-
bert Varnish Products are used by painters,
specified by architects and sold by paint and
hardware dealers everywhere.

Address all inquiries to Pratt & Lambert-Inc., 129 Tonawanda Street, Buffalo, N. Y.
In Canada, 73 Courtwright Street, Bridgeburg, Ontario.

5 | FLOOR VARNISH

7 Ll as
PRATT & LAMBERT VARNISHES

AMERICAN

INCREASE THE VALUE
OF YOUR PROPERTY

by beautifying your home grounds

I can help you in several distinct ways:

ist By giving you the benefit of expert advice
on your Landscape Problems.

2nd By supplying trees and shrubs of matured
growth, thereby giving you an immediate effect.

You will profit by writing for my booklet on the
Art of Landscape Gardening. Sent upon request.

ARTHUR R. LUETCHFORD

540 Granite Building ROCHESTER, N. Y.

Factorics

fatoseBumasenescd ESTABLISHED 03 YEARS

Briacteyre CAnaca

Formcicn Facrorics
oncon eA ARIS
Meu

OS the Magic Fertilizer

TRY IT and be astonished at the
results. Vegetables and flowers
need it. Will make your lawns look
like velvet. Your rose-bushes and
shade trees will grow f in the
tropics. Bonora infuses new life
] in all plants. Used and endorsed
by the greatest authorities, Luther
Burbank, John Lewis Childs,
| Dingee & Conard and others. Ask
your seed dealer or order direct.
| Descriptive circular upon request.
} Put up in dry form as follows:

\ >
| (frecnearest oiscover?

OF MODERN TIMES.
PLANT F (0)

BonorA Cipaica Co
584 Baoaowsy.

1 lb. making 28 gallons .65 postpaid ff
S31 DS- pre lLaO 2.50

10 (ogo *

SO aiiene. 4 00H

4.75
22.50

Bonora Chemical Co. 515817 Broadway

If you wish information about dogs

74 apply to the Readers’ Service 4 H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E

SEPTEMBER, 191%

LOVETT’S esicce’ HERBACEOUS PEONIES

& SINGLE

As Beautiful as the Lily, Sweet-Scented as
the Rose, as Hardy as the Oak.

After their profusion of great, hand- }
some, varied-colored blooms have faded, §
their rich, glossy, dark green foliage §
leaves them still one of the most mag-
nificent ornamental plants.

Peonies are never bothered with disease
or insects, and once planted are no more
bother whatever, blooming every season.

Set Out Peonies and Perennials
Now for Next Spring Blooming

Autumn is also the best time to plant Lilies,
Hardy Shrubs, and Vines, Evergreen Trees,
Hedges, Berry Plants, Grape Vines, etc.

For 34 years I have been in this business right here ~
at Little Silver. I have more than 200 acres devoted to growing only plants, shrubs and flowers

that I know to be all right for my customers, and | never allow a thing to leave my place that is
not right up to the mark. My prices are very moderate, and I know I can please you.

WRITE TO-DAY FOR MY FREE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE

Gives descriptions and prices of everything.
nials as they have room for.

I advise everyone to plant as many peren-
They are by far the Most satisfactory flowering plants.

J.T. LOVETT, Monmouth Nursery Box 125, Little Silver, N. J.

Attachment with Corn Harvester cuts and throws
in piles on harvester or winrows. Man and
horse cuts and shocks equal with a Corn Binder.

Model Extension
Carnation Support

BINDER

Sold in every state. Price $20.00. W.H. BUXTON, of Johnstown, Ohio,
writes: “The Harvester has proven all you claim for it; the Harvester
Endorsed by all the leading otved me oven $25 7 eer dase year’s eee cuiting:, I cut Ps 200
, shocks; will make ushels corn to a shock.’’ Testimonials an
growers of the country as the best catalog free, showing pictures of harvester. Address

support for carnations made.

Over 3,000,000 in Use

Price 50c per doz., $3.50 per 100

Send for price list and catalogue
of other garden speciallies

IGOE BROTHERS
67-71 Metropolitan Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

NEW PROCESS MFG. CO.

FLORICULTURE

Complete Home Study Course in practical Floricul-
ture under Prof. Craig and Prof. Beal, of Cornell
University

Co

SALINA, KANSAS

and

ludes Greenhouse Construction

25 tolay.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOO

Dept. G. F., Springfield, Mass. Prof, Craig

@ Bound in full flexible red leather

Light and convenient to carry, easy to read. Each, net, $1.50

The Light that Failed.

Soldier Stories.

The Naulahka (With Wcelcott Balestier).
Departmental Ditties and Ballads

Puck of Pook’s Hill.
Traffics and Discoveries.
The Five Nations.

Just So Stories.

Kim. and Barrack-room Ballads.
The Day’s Work. Soldiers Three, The Story of the
Stalky & Co. Gadsbys and In Black and White.

Plain Tales from the Hills.

Life’s Handicap; Being Stories of Mine
Own People.

The Kipling Birthday Book.

Under the Deodars. The Phantom
’Rickshaw and Wee Wiilie Winkie.

A “Kipling Index” will be sent free to any one on request

Many Inventions.
From Sea to Sea.

The Seven Seas.
Actions and Reactions.
Rewards and Fairies.

Garden City New York

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY

An Annual for the Bulb Beds

Oe of the less frequently grown annuals, but

nevertheless one which is well worth growing,
is Phacelia Parryi. It grows from nine to eighteen
inches high, and bears a profusion of rich purple
flowers, three quarters to an inch across. The
leaves are oval in shape, but the edges are deeply
crenate or wavy. They are hairy on both sides
and slightly viscid or sticky. It will bloom in
about ten weeks from the time the seeds are planted
and will continue in bloom if the fading flowers are
kept picked off until frost.

One of the strong points in favor of this dainty
little plant is that it does not require an abundance
of water. It comes from southern California
where it is accustomed to long seasons of dry wea-
ther and hot sunshine. In our gardens it can be
used as a bedding plant to follow the bulbs in beds
where it is desired to leave the bulbs untouched
in the ground, for it is a small-rooted plant which

Phacelia Parryi, an annual that is excellent as a
bedding plant to follow naturalized bulbs

will not interfere in any way with the bulbs, and
its dry weather resisting qualities render frequent
waterings unnecessary. Bulbs left in the ground
should not be watered if they are to be kept in the
best condition.

I saw a bed of this phacelia which bloomed from
late in June until frost in 1909. It was a very
dry summer and the bed was not watered once all
season. The soil in which it grew was a heavy
clay to which a little rotten manure was added
before the seed was planted.

All the phacelias have the same drought resisting
qualities. There are at least a dozen species
which can be purchased from the seedsmen of this
country or Europe. They grow from six inches to
several feet high and there is a variety of condi-
tions under which they will succeed. Some prefer
sandy loams, while others prefer stiff clays and
still others intermediate conditions. It is an
interesting genus for any one who is of an in-
vestigating turn of mind.

Pennsylvania. P. T. BaRNeEs.

When to Pot House Plants

ie POSSIBLE, I pot house plants in the autumn
on a day when it looks like rain or, at least, is
cloudy. The shock of the change is borne better
then. Should the rain come, leave the plants out
in it to settle the soil and lessen the danger of
withering, or losing foliage-—T. B. E.

SmPTEMBER, 1912

Write to the Readers’ Service
For information about live stock

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE

75

UR 1912 Autumn Garden
It’s
free. A postcard will bring it.

Guide now ready.

It contains a remarkable list
of bulbs for Fall planting.
Has full cultural directions.
Also list of seeds and straw-
berry plants, which can be
planted now.

Write for this Garden Guide.
It will both help and enthuse

you,

Arthur T. Boddington

SEEDSMAN

340 West 14th Street New York City

Last Call
on
Dutch Bulbs
Direct from Holland

For best results—and moderate cost — deal
direct with the Holland growers of the high-
est grade Bulbs.

The best Dutch Bulbs you can buy, solid, spotless
and full of vitality — sent direct to you in original
packages at the same prices that you would have to
pay for inferior bulbs.

Write for our 1912 Catalog to-day— prove our bulbs

by actual test and you will never be satisfied with
any others.

Gt. van Waveren & Kruijff
American Branch House, 140 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, Pa.
LOUIS BERGER, Manager

Home Nurseries, Sassenheim, Holland. Other Branches
in Russia, Argentine Republic, Germany,
England, Sweden.

PENNS YLVANIAO

Quality LAWN MOWERS

. TEE ONLY MAKE WITH CRUCIBLE TOOL-STEEL
BLADES THROUGHOUT

BUYERS: LOOK HERE
too Darwin Tulips, others
ask $1.50 to $2.00; club rate
$1.25. Again875 bulbs, 10 var. Narcissi,etc., sell
at $11.15; club rate $7.00. All prices frazzled.

Send 2c. for lists —a surprise is waiting you.
Address, Co-Operators’ League, 950 N. 53rd Ave., Chicago

There’s Money in P oultry

Our Home Study Course in Practical Poultry
Culture under Prof. Chas. K. Graham, late of the
Connecticut Agricultural College, teaches how to
make poultry pay.

Personal instruction. Expert Advice.
250 Page Catalogue free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. P., Springfield, Mass.

Prof. Graham.

Sasa—S_ W P Gloss White
Rovor—S-W Preservative Shingle Stain C-74

Bopy—S W P Gloss White
TrimminG—S-W French Crown Green (light)

The whole atmosphere of this house is made doubly
attractive—and kept so—by the proper use

of Sherwin-Williams Paint—S W P

S W P is the most durable and most economical paint that can be made. It is thoroughly
mixed and ground in scientific proportions—pure lead, pure zinc and pure linseed oil,

combined with the necessary driers and pigments. It spreads easily and covers the greatest
number of square feet to the gallon. And itis made in 48 colors, as well as black and white.

Our NewPortfolio of Plans for Home Decorationsent free on request)

you are going to stain a chair, change the decorations of
a single room or paint or refinish your whole house, in-
side and out. It is a book of practical artistic sugges-
tion. We shall be glad to send it—free—for the asking.

will give you some decidedly valuable suggestions, not
only ona complete decorative plan for the outside of your
house but also for the general scheme and details of the
It will be of help to you no matter whether

< SHERWIN -WILLIAMS
MINTS EVARNISHES (é

657 Canal Road, Cleveland, Ohio
Decorative Departments: 116 West 32d Street (Opp. Gimbel’s), New York City
1101 People’s Gas Building, Chicago
Offices and Warehouses in Principal Cities
Address all inquiries to The Sherwin-Williams Company, Decorative Department, 657 Canal Road, Cleveland, Ohio

interior.

\ Gane and DIRECTIONS FREE
We make Bucket, Barrel, Knapsack, 4-Row
Potato Sprayers, Power Orchard Rigs—

\ Ga of all kinds for all purposes. Auto- Want a really fine lawn? ?
matic liquid petty torslanalsirainey cleaners athe ™
up-to-date sprayer line. sk for free spraying bool
Field Force Pump Co., 48 11th St., Elmira, N. Y. Start it Now with A | A K A
}_ Start your lawn this fall

: : Dar eeencen and peauti: FERTILIZED GRASS SEED
Gold Medal Paeonies |

when otherwise you would just beseedingit. For'y
On June roth, 1911, the Mass. Hortl. Soc.

5 fallseeding, it’s important tosow Kalaka—notordi-
awarded me a gold medal for excellence of

nary seed. Kalaka grows quickest and surest, and gets well ve
rooted before cold weather comes. It’s easier tosow and goes
flowers and correct nomenclature in present }
No one can get af

further, too. No waste toKalaka, It’s the choicest of carefully
cleaned prime seed—mixed with a strong concentrate of rich’
the choice varieties in f
List free.

manure—draws moisture, quickens germination and nourishes
the sprouting grass into a thick, sturdy turf in a brief time. §
Now is the time to tone up the thin lawn and brighten up
bare spots. $1.00 for5-Ib. box, $1.25 West of Omaha, express paid.
‘How to Make a Lawn” will fA
Free Booklet , be given you! ‘by any Kialaka ai
dealer. Ask your dealer for it:>~ If he doesn't B
handle See write us his name, and we'll send
yvu the book

The Kalaka Co., 14 Union Stock Yards, Chicago

and past exhibitions.

higher award. All
the world, and correctly named.

E. J. SHAYLOR
WELLESLEY FARMS

MASS.

SEPTEMBER, 1912

What is a fai tal fe i
76 properiinn Des ieee Service al H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E

DREER’S

Giant Trumpet

DAFFODILS

There are no hardy bulbs which have
more points of merit than the Nar-
cissus or Daffodils; perfectly hardy,

si growing and doing well either indoors
or out in the garden, all positions seem to suit them.

sf, Git de Y

The Giant Trumpet sorts are the handsomest of the genus and
of these we offer this season fourteen of the very finest kinds,
which planted this Autumn are sure to give you a bountiful har-
vest of gold and silver blossoms next spring. We offer as
follows:

1 each of the 14 sorts for $1.00 by mail

3 “ “ “ 14 “ “ 2.25 “ “
6 “ “ “ 14 “ “ 4.00 “ “

In addition to the above we have a splendid collection of the Poet’s, Star,

Double and other Daffodils as well as Spring Flowering Bulbs of all

kinds. Seeds and Plants for Autumn planting, all illustrated and
described in our Autumn Catalogue. Free for the asking.

HENRY A. DREER éanabernta

Horsford’s Hardy Plants

For Autumn Planting

Set out hardy plants early in the autumn
—they will get started before winter and do
finely for you next summer.

Lilies, Tulips, Hyacinths, Daffodils and
many other varieties for fall planting are
described in Horsford’s Autumn Supplement.
Write early for free copy and spring cata-
logue.

Home Grown Lilies

Japan Barberry

For low, dwarf, impenetrable hedges Most of the lily bulbs sold in this country are from
One of the handsomest flowering shrubs. Often planted atere. Pile Fae ee Seca ane ieniehiseatices
singly. Abundant foliage of rich green, changing in Autumn vitality. Fresh bulbs, right from the beds they have
to an attractive crimson. Its beauty is enhanced by a foagn grown aero Th RNS and’ firm*outside ‘scales’ sive
profusion Oe yellow flowers which later are followed Betteumecults fiver eat g
by bright red berries. H , = ~

fens 55 EE Ace AS Eoin orsford’s Autumn Supplement enables you to get
Hardy plants, 15 cents each; EER ITs dozen, postpaid. your bulbs all planted long before the imported bulos
2-yr. size, 25 cents each; S2 per dozen. 3-yT. size, 40 cents arein. Tulips, Daffodils, Crocuses, etc., give better
each, ae pers dozen: By SSDIESS: Carefully packed and returns when planted early in the North than with late
shipped. Five tOri catalog: planting. They have time to make their root growth

THE CONARD & JONES CO. before cold weather. Orders filled from fresh bulbs as

long as stocks last. Send for free supplement.
4 \.
Bosiee: Wet Groves Be F. H. HORSFORD Charlotte, VERMONT

Growers of the ‘‘Best Roses for America.”

One of the many
ground plans shown

in our booklet on
“Hardy Gardens
Easily Made.”’

Hardy Permanent Gardens Now an Open-
Sesame to the Busy Man

In our attractive booklet ‘“Hardy Gardens Easily Made For The Busy Man” we have
endeavored to simplify the making of a Garden of Perennials or Old-Fashioned Flowers
by prepared plans adaptable to most situations with lowest estimates of cost that make
them no longer a Utopian Dream. Let us send you one and save hours of needless

worry over catalogues and surprise yourself what can be done for so little money.
THE PALISADES NURSERIES, Inc.

Growers of Palisades Popular Perennials, and Landscape Gardeners
Sparkill, N. Y. R. W. Clucas, Mgr.

Visitors always welcome at our Nurseries, where they can make selections from more than a thousand varieties of Hardy Plants

What Its Members Are Doing

DEAR GARDENING FOLK:

If I could devote a whole page to telling you
about the fine gardens that have been made this
summer by members of our Club, it would not be
enough. I have letters from boys and girls and
from mothers and teachers that tell wonderful
stories of happy summer days spent out in the
open air working with the flowers and vegetables,
watching them bloom and grow and learning all
about their interesting lives.

One mother of three writes:

Dear Lapy GREENSLEEVES:

Our summer has been a very happy one. My three chil-
dren and I have enjoyed our work together so much. The
children earned eleven dollars and I helped them buy the
plants and seed. We prepared the ground thoroughly and
then began planting. You should see the bower of beauty
we have as a reward for our work, and we have given lots of
flowers to the hospital for crippled children. I think it is
wise to teach children to share their joy with less fortunate
children. Thank you for helping us have such a happy vaca-
tion time.

And this is what a teacher in Massachusetts says:

Dear LApy GREENSLEEVES:

Always before this year our school garden has been only a
bare success, but this year it is a wonderful triumph and all
because the children ot my class joined The Young People’s
Garden Club. Out of twenty-seven children, eighteen worked
hard for funds so as to have a better garden, and the money
they earned was spent in buying plants and tools. You
surely have helped us, and the children who earned the money
are proud and eager to go on working so that we may have nice
window-boxes this winter. Keep your eyes on Class B!

The following letters are from three children who
are most interested members of the club:

Dear Lapy GREENSLEEVES:

I have raised all the vegetables that mother has used this
summer and I have sold enough tomatoes and beans to pay
back the money I spent in planting. Mother said she would
pay me the’same price for the vegetables she used that she would
have to pay the shopkeeper, so I expect to make about twenty
dollars from the five dollars I earned at first. I am going
to work all winter and next spring expect to have coldframes
to start my plants in. I hope Major, my big squash, wins a
prize. BENNETT RAYMOND.

Dear Lapy GREENSLEEVES: -

Our garden is very gay. We have scarlet sage and golden
glow, gladiolus, tiger silies and climbing nasturtiums in bloom
and the cosmos are lovely. Mother told us to select gay flowers
for our garden and we did; now everyone calls us the “rain-
bow twins.’’ We enjoy our book on Howers and have learned
alot thissummer. We are going to work for enough money to
buy some nice roses next spring. We hope lots of boys and
girls have had as good a time as we, and that our Club will
grow so fast that it,will soon be the very largest in the country.

Bitty aNp BETH,

And so you can easily see that our Club teaches
boys and girls to earn money and to invest it in
heaithy, joyous days of outdoor work and play.
We give each child an extra gift for every five
dollars they earn, and the happy times we have
together, gossiping over our gardens, are very
enjoyable. The aim of the Club is to teach the
joy of gardening, and to enable children to have
a garden and to study plant life. Every boy and
girl is invited to join and all others who are in-
terested in children’s garden work.

We have planned work through the autumn and
winter that will keep the children interested and
we hope next summer to have twice as many mem-
bers as this year. Membership is free.

Yours for the joy of childhood,
Lapy GREENSLEEVES.

SEPTEMBIER, 1912

Just How Much It
Pays to Know ‘How to
Growand Market Fruit”

What would it mean to you, in
dollars and cents, to get thirty or forty
cents more a bushel for your fruit than
you have been getting?

Wouldn’t you make a good round sum of money
off the fact if you knew how to make your young fruit trees
produce paying crops one to four years éarlier than they
usually do?

To tell you and show you about these things, and every-
thing else connected with producing heavy crops of perfect
fruit every year and packing it to sell for high prices, we
wrote fifty thousand words last summer, from our orchard-
ing experience, made a couple of hundred special pictures,
and built this material into a 150-page book which is called

“How to Grow and Market Fruit”

You will find it to be a practical, meaty, reliable, up-to-
date, and usable manual on fruit-growing, and you may
have a copy for fifty cents, or get it free by sending us an
order for trees amounting to $5 or more. If you buy the
book now, we will rebate the fifty cents any time you send
the order. Why not order a copy during the next five
minutes?

Ask for ‘‘The How and Why of Shad2 Trees

and Evergreens’”—a 64-page book. free.
Complete catalog of the best fruit A and

trees grown in America, also free on ¢
Eee |
4 o&
yt

request.

Come to Berlin and see how we
grow trees.
Splendid Eastern Shore Farms for sale.

HARRISON’S NURSERIES
Main Ave. Berlin, Md.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

The Readers’ Service will gladly furnish
information about Retail Shops

UO

Northern Grown
English Walnuts

Now Thrive Wherever Peaches May Be Grown

You can now grow wonderful English Walnuts in your door-yard or orchard, just as you’ve

always grown the peach and other fruit trees.

In Northern and Eastern States, wherever

peaches will grow, these hardy English Walnuts will live and yield bountifully.
Near Lockport, N. Y., a iarge English Walnut orchard now produces immense crops of
delicious nuts each year.

Our acclimated English Walnuts, grafted on Native Black Walnut, are hardier than
peach, and have withstood without injury, winter temperature that killed nearby peach trees.

English Walnut —For Ornament or
Profit— A Tree Unmatched

Thus, science has given the northern orchardist a new crop, far more profitable, and

easier to harvest and market than any ordinary fruit crop.
ply and prices yield growers large profits.

Demand for nuts exceeds sup-
California's English Walnut crop has a greater actual

money value than her famed orange crop.
For the lawn, the acclimated English Walnut is superb, with its smooth, light gray bark,
luxuriant dark green foliage, lofty, symmetrical growth.

Whether you plant for ornament or profit, investigate acclimated English Walnuts.

mation mailed free on request.

Catalog and infor-

Glenwood Nursery — Established 1866

GLEN BROS. 2011 Main St., ROCHESTER, N. Y.

DON’T PAY TWO PRICES

Save $8.00 to $22.00 on

Hoosier Heaters
and Ranges

Why not buy the Best when you can buy
them at such low unheard-of Factory Prices-
Our new improvements absolutely surpass
anything ever produced. Save enough on
a single stove to buy your winter’s fuel.
Thirty days Free Trial in your own home
before you buy. Send postal today for
large free eutulog and prices.

2638 State St., Marion, Ind.

Hoosier Stove Co.,

Pot-Grown

Strawberry Plants

as shown in the cut are much the
best. The roots are all there—and
SA, good roots, too. If set out in Aug-
ust and September will produce a crop
of berries next June. I have the finest
stock of plants in the New England
States. Send for Catalogue and Price List.
Cc. s. PRATT, Reading, Mass.

A splendid collection

of named Darwin tulips, single early tu-
lips, daffodils, and other bulbs from one
of the finest and most reliable of Holland's

famous growers. Write for a Little Brown
Book. Copy free.

PAUL DOVE

(Successor to Henry Saxton Adams)

Wellesley - - Mass.

Your copy of our new Catalog is waiting
to be mailed to you. Shall we send it?

J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY
The Factory of Precision Dept. 283, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

C. G. van Tubergen, Jr.
Haarlem, Holland
Grower of choice Bulbs

E. J. KRUG, Sole Agent
116 Broad St., New York
Formerly represented by C. C. Abel & Co.

Bulbs imported direct from Holland
for customers. No supply kept here.

Grow Your Own Vegetables

Cut down your living expenses. You'll be astonished how healthful it is
_ Fe to cultivate a garden and how easy if you use

Fen Garden
e Planet Jr Ss
“\ : = “4 Adapted to more uses than any other implement.

Opens furrows, plants, covers, and marks next row

in one operation.
Green Flies and Black Flies Too are easy to kill with

FREE, Valuable s¢rage illustrated garden
-ePriP=-TOP”?

guide book. Send postal for it today.
BRAND

S.L. Allen & Co., Phila.
TOBACCO POWDER
$3.00 per bag of 100 lbs.
MONEY WITH ORDER

1397-1399 Ave. A, New York.

Box 1108.

For Fumigating or Dusting
Write for free samples.

INTERSTATE TOBACCO CO., Inc.

Marshall’s Bulbs

Flowers for the Holidays

Dez. 100
Narcissus, Paper White Grandiflora - $0.35 $2.00
Hyacinihs, White Roman, Selected - - -75 4.50
Hyacinths, Pink Roman - - - - - -60 3.50
Freesias, Refracta Alba, Mammoth - - -30 2.00

Any of the above planted now will give bcautiful
flowers for the holidays.

Illustrated Catalogue and full directions for planting mailed free

W. E. MARSHALL & CO.
146 W. 23d Street NEW YORK

Grayson

Friendship”

“Adventures in Friendship” is an
attractive book, rich in insight into char-
acter and alive also with the charm which

“Adventures in

comes to a man who keeps his eyes open to the magic appeal of nature.’

“ Adventures

In
“The proper word to apply to this book is charming, for these little stories of life
in a back country village are told with a quiet humor and kindliness that remind one of
the days of Mrs. Gaskell and Miss Mitford.’”’—IJndianapolis News.
Charming illustrations in black and white and full colors by Thomas Fogarty.
New Leather Edition, each volume, Net $1.50
Cloth, Net $1.35

Garden City

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY

b)

—London Standard.

Contentment”

New York

~ The Readers’ Se
78 advise parents in regard to schools

Service is prepared to

THE

GARDEN MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER, 1912

Andorra-Grown Peonies

For SEPTEMBER Planting

We catalog a collection of choice varieties, with complete descriptions, in our
Calendar of Perennials

: er ee si,
Partial View of Peony Exhibition at Andorra

SPECIAL OFFER

TO CLEAR A BLOCK
Four-year-old Plants, good standard sorts,
in varieties of our selection.
Per Dozen $4.00
Two Dozen 7.00
Hifty.. 2. -) os en eel 2 00)
Hundreds eee 25-00

ANDORRA NURSERIES

Wm. Warner Harper, Proprietor
BoxG Chestnut Hill, Phila., Pa.
Send For Fall Price List

CHending

] Visiting cards and stamped
tationery with personality.

@ Correct styles that reflect the
good form and social standing of
those who use them.

@ They are engraved in an
artistic shop at moderate prices.
@ Samples on request — they will
make you glad es requested them.

Lycett 82.7%

BALTIMORE,

aN)

Three Magazines
For Every Home

Country Life in America
Beautiful, practical, entertaining.

$4.00 a year. (Twice a month.)

The World’s Work
interpreting to-day’s history.
$3.00 a year.

The Garden Magazine —
Farming
telling how to make things grow.
$1.50 a year.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.

GARDEN CITY NEW YORK

Charles Street

KILLED BY

RAT SCIENCE

By the wonderful bacteriological preparation, discovered and prepared by
r. Danysz, of Pasteur Institute. Paris. sed with striking success for
years in the United States, England, France and Russia,

DANYSZ VIRUS

contains the germs of a disease peculiar to rats and mice only and is abso-
lutely harmless to birds, human beings and other animals.

The rodents always die in the open, because of feverish condition. The

isease is also contagious to them. Easily prepared and applied.

How much to use.— A small house, one tube. Ordinary dwelling,
three tubes (if rats are numerous, not less than 6 tubes). One or two dozen
for large stable with hay loft and yard or 5000 sq. ft. floor space in build-
ings. Price: One tube. 75c; 3 tubes. $1.75; 6 tubes, $3.25; one doz. $6.

INDEPENDENT CHEMICAL CO., 72 Front St.,

GINSENG

I'll teach you free and buy all you raise. Worth §6 a lb. now.
Yields about 5000 Ibs. to the acre. Write for my easy natural method.

T. H. SUTTON 1100 Slierwood Ave. Louisville, Ky.

New York

RAISING has made me thon-
sands of dollars un very little
capital and my spare time only.
It will do the same for you,

The Postofice Depart-
ment by a recent ruling
is experimenting on the
shipment of magazines by
freight instead of fast

mail. We are doing our

utmost to send the mag-
as pOs-
sible, butif your magazine

azines as early

is late, take it up with
your local postmaster.

Keeping Garden Information

HAVE devised several schemes in order to be

able to put my hand quickly upon any horti-
cultural item that I want. First, I had a scrap
book. It was not an ordinary one that could be
bought at any stationer’s, but was one of the loose-
leafed varieties, so that I was able to easily keep
clippings in alphabetical order according to the
plant name. But a scrap book, as a rule, is a fine
place to bury things, unless there is a good index
in it. It also necessitates the cutting up of one’s
magazines and some of the horticultural magazines
which I receive are too valuable to be torn apart.
So the scrap book was relegated to oblivion.

What I now use and find most satisfactory is a
card index, an extremely simple form of keeping
track of interesting items. When reading a maga-
zine or a book, I check those subjects which I
think may be of use to me later. When I finish
reading the publication I get out my card file and
some blank cards and make notes of all items that
I have marked.

The card is filed away under the plant name or
subject. In making this note upon the card I put,
in addition to the subject of the article, a descrip-
tion of it. For instance, one card reads as follows:
Winter Protection.

“Getting Ready for Winter,” by N. R. Graves.

An excellent article that is well illustrated telling

A card index for keeping garden information is
most convenient

how to protect roses, evergreens and other shrubs. °
Tue GARDEN MAGAZINE, 4:174 (November,
1900).

It is impossible for me to buy all the books on
gardening subjects as they are published, so I
keep track of them in my card index under the
heading of ‘‘Books Worth Having.” I make a
note of the title, author, price, and publisher.

There are many horticultural papers which, as a
rule. are not worth saving and binding because
they are so largely filled with advertisements and
news items which have no interest a month after
publication. If there is any information in these
magazines, I cut out the article, put on it the name
of the magazine, the volume, page, and date of
publication, and file the clipping in a folder under
the plant or subject name. For each one of these
clippings I also make a card similar to the one
described above, and after having given the refer-
ence, state that it is in the clipping file.

I have found that in this present scheme of mine
the information is very accessible and compact, and
that it takes but a few minutes of my time to keep
up to date.

Pennsylvania.

The Hardy Border

AG A general proposition, what comes out of
my hardy borders goes back into them. In
other words, when a plant is through blooming,
I cut off the flower stems and put them here and
there in the borders where they will not show. I
do the same thing with cut flowers that have sur-
vived their usefulness in the house. It all helps
as mulch and is merely nature’s way of doing things,
only hastened a bit for the sake of superficial
neatness.
New York.

PARKER T. BARNES.

E. J. D.

Ty If you wish to syst ize y business the
SEPTEMBER, 1912 T H E G A R D E N M A G AZ IN E Readers? Seniiee Fe RAVABIE TaCee eee 79

EVERGREENS

can be successfully transplanted in

August aad September
WE have them in great

Variety; many rare
sorts; all transplanted or
root-pruned, so that they
will lift with a ball of
earth about the roots
which ensures their living.
Our Nurseries contain
many large specimen
Evergreens as well as
thousands of smaller size
suitable for transplanting.

Fall. The ideal.
Tree P1 anting 2

because it is bette
d better f

chance to get well established, re
in a more vigorous foliage next spring.
It fortifies the trees to battle against
summers we have nowadays.
1, because the grounds be:
firm, will not be torn up so. Work
e€ easy to get in the fall —in

consequent disappointing results.

We do the bul ur Nursery plant-
ing and shifting in the fall and winter
months. If you need choice trees, in
any sizes, from 6 inches up to 30 feet—
trees with carefully pruned roots, and
constitutions—then you want
trees. There is no better stock
to be bought at price. Many tell
us there is none ‘ood.

Come and make your selections, or
make them from our catalogs. Your
order will have the prompt and careful
attention you appreciate.

ASS We also have in large

Abies Concolor (White Fir) assortment
TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES and VINES for OCTOBER delivery
HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS for SEPTEMBER planting
EVERYTHING FOR PLANTING THE HOME GROUNDS

We cordially invite all interested to visit our nurseries. We are
only eighteen miles South of Boston. Catalogue and price list
mailed on request.

THE BAY STATE NURSERIES
NORTH ABINGTON MASSACHUSETTS

THE ESSENCE OF PLANT LIFE Isaac Hicks @ Son
Is Walker’s Excelsior Flower Food Westbury, Long Island

Tt will make your FLOW ERS and VEGETABLES grow like the
proverbial “Green Bay Tree.”’ All plant life ~ x
will mature from two to three weeks earlier. =

WILL DRIVE WORMS FROM THE SOIL.
eT GUA PERE GAS Sad a Cae, Pennsylvania School of Horticulture for Women Make the Farm ray

48 Ask your seed dealer or order direct. Write for booklet. Complete Home Study Courses in

- A A school for theoretical and practical instruction Worticulture. Florienlture, Landseape &:

Small size can. makiny 10 gals. $0.30 postpaid - FS 5 ees chabert yr eye = ry, Poultry Culture, and Veterinary
Dare “ “ G 29° "50 te in gardening and other branches of hor tic ulture. Prof. rooks|of the Mass. Agricultural College: Prof.
bit, & “400 « 1.50 by express Special attention given to the practical side of J Craig of Cornell University and other eminent

the work daily in the garden, orchard and green- teachers. Over one hundred Home _ Study

ee Courses under able professors in leading colleges.
S é 2) s Sep ber o ss
house. Fall term opens September 11th. Address CRD PED CREE accu /AMEIIO (ediene

The Principal, Dept. E. Ambler, Pa. | THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL

FLOWER CITY PLANT FOOD COMPANY, Rochester, N. Y., U.S. A.

know what varieties to Dept G. A.. Borinefield, Maas. Prof. Brooks

Evergreens Pe a CRE ake

authority on evergreens.

The D. Hill Nursery Co., Inc., Douglas Ave., Dundee, Ill.

A Mess at all Seasons

of fresh Mushrooms Growing in your Cellar

Ge t in postage stamps together with the name of your
CUS. dealer will bring you, postpaid, direct from the

Fernald’s Hardy Plants

D>

4 We have one of the finest stocks anywhere Grown in the cold State of Maine. Will live manufacturer, a fresh sample brick of
eon 1es in the country and should be very glad to 3
figure with you on your list of wants. anywhere and are superb. Send for cata- : Lambert's Pure Culture MUSHROOM SPAWN
Send for up-to-date price list on all varieties. NO aeMRS So terahe iicitheabestitumerte plant the best Me bierede spaua in the market, togethey with large usted book
© a “Te ues Le pre r 1S S . on Mushroom Culture, containing simple and practical methods of raising,
EMERSON NURSERY, stocks Excha geqbuil ing, CHICAGO) 2 I preserving and cooking mushrooms. Not more than one sample brick will
Mention The Garden Magazine when you write. W. Linwood Fernald Eliot, Maine be sent to the same party. Further orders must come through your dealer.

Address: American Spawn Co., Dept. 2, St. Paul, Minn.

PEONIES. The World’s Best

Large collection, reduced prices. All guaranteed true
to names. Send for list. W. L. GUMM, Peony
Specialist, Remington, Ind

eox ovr | [gg] BON ARBOR
LOOK OUT]! |; ws

FOR SPARKS | Gs ete BR Awarded Silver Medal at 1912 Royal

N di d fr flying ° ey one
parks. No more poorly fitted, flimsy fire: International Exhibition, London, England

sparks. No more poorly fitted, flimsy fire-
place screens. Send for free booklet
“Sparks from the Fire-side.’”” [t tells about

Gimelalehepecee owe tease en es ia) DS! GER & It isa complete plant food. Feed your plants; get results; do it
menos a now. Bon Arbor is favorably known everywhere it is used and it
107 DTS | occa is widely used. Such gardens as those of the Capitol at Washing-

ton, D. C., and the Parliament Gardens, Ottawa, Canada, and the Royal Windsor Gar-
dens, England, on the one side, and over 2000 country estates and farms on the other,
represent ithe field supplied. Show flower and vegetable growers find Bon Arbor in-
dispensable

Turn in Your Tree Troubles. Write us
fully. _ We may be able to make suggestions that
would be of some value. Readers’ Service.

Bon Arbor is put up as follows:
V3 More Vets: 3-pound package, making 15 gallons, by mail
raised and delivered by e t-pound package, making 30 gallons, by mail

“American” Centrifugal P ae 5-pound package, making 150 gallons, exp. extra

than by others because the
impeller is accurately ma-
chined to the casing, prevent-
ing any sudden change i in di-
rection of the water. Mot an
ounce of power is wasted.
Every ‘‘American”’ Centrifu-
gal absolutely exaranteed.

. Write for new catalog 120.

THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS

Office and Works, Aurora, Ill.
First National Bank Building, Chicago

Prices on quantities of 50 pounds and upwards on application. Ask your dealer or

write direct.

Bon Arbor Chemical Co., Paterson, N. J.,U.S.A.

Write for descriptive catalogue, new 1912 edition. We manufacture also Radix Worm Eradica-
tor, Insecticides, Weed Killer and all agricultural chemicals: Special prices on large quantities

The Readers’ Services give. r 1
80 iiaformation abeaN jeanne THE G A R DEN MA G AZINE SEPTEMBER, 1912

“seautitul’ PEONIES

“T felt as if the heavens had opened and showed me a glimpse of the glories within.” That is
just what a lady exclaimed when telling about our magnificent Peony farm with over a quarter million
plants and more than a millionblooms. ‘‘ When I first saw the Peony field this spring there were by low
computation fully one million blooms in sight; they were a revelation. Photography can never give the
color and perfume of these gorgeous blossoms. How large some of them were I dare not say, but a dozen
of them made as heavy an armful as most women cared to carry. A convention was in progress in Spring-
field (many women in attendance) when the Peony blooms were at their best and several hundred were

sent to decorate the stage. It nearly broke up the convention, for when the delegates were convinced that
the blooms were really Peonies, and that they might be seen by the thousands at the field, every vehicle
to be had was soon on the way to the Peonies.”’ Peonies, are entirely hardy, take care of themselves, never

fail to bloom. Insects or disease is unknown among them. You no doubt know the old varieties of Peonies,
but these new varieties we offer will be a revelation to you.
Be sure and plant liberally, don’t be stingy, they will repay you.

The Best Time to Transplant Peonies is
the Month of September

Our Special September Offer

For One Dollar For Two Dollars
we will send postpaid: we will send postpaid:
Floral Treasure (delicate pink) -
Marie Lemoine (pure white) - -

Queen Victoria (pure white) - -
Edulis Superba (bright pink) - -
Fragrans (deep rose) = = = Felix Crousse (bright red) = =
Agida (dark red) - - - : Leviathan (deep pink) - - - 50c
If your order reaches us on or before October If your order reaches us on or before October tst,
tst F 2. we will include ¢ fre As f the ror2, we will include two grand varieties Masterpiece
st, I912, we will include a root tree of the and Crown of Gold. These we give you absolutely free.

charming Jenny Lind (Catalog price soc.) The catalog price of these beautiful varieties is 60c

CS eS)

t
Oy C

Write for our new catalog of all Dutch bulbs, Roses, Phlox, Peonies, etc.

The Good & Reese Co. 80x Springfield

“The Largest Rose Growersin the World” 3o1 Ohio

MICHELLS

1912

\ Tells how to get best re-
sults with Tulips, Hyacinths,
Daffodils, Crocus, ete.

Devotes 88 profusely ilus-
trated pages to suggestions for
Fall planting — which by following you
gain a full year in perfecting your lawn, perennial
beds, hedges, vegetable garden, ete. Michell’s Bulb
Growing Guide is mailed free—ask for a copy.

DIRECT FROM THE GROWER
Your

DUTCH BULBS TULIPS
PLANTS NARCISSUS
HYACINTHS CROCUS

NOW is the time to sow

Michell’s Evergreen Grass Seed
to repair Summer’s ravages. One dollar brings, pre-
paid, introductory package—enough for the average
lawn — and our Special Bulletin, “‘ How to Make a Lawn”

HENRY F. MICHELL CO., “"sassesi"

Wrile for Catalogue

VAN BOURGONDIEN BROS.
HILLEGOM HOLLAND EUROPE

American representative

John Van Hees, Box 150, Chicago, Ill.

EATING

How are you going
to solve the prob-
lem? Here is a
booklet that will
help you. Send to-
day for

“Achievements in Modern
Heating and Ventilation”

Tt will take but a few minutes of
your time and it will enable you to
take up the question of heating
most intelligently with your Archi-
tect or Contractor.

It is an important subject. You
want fresh warm air in all the rooms
and you want ventilation.

You know something about Hot
Air Furnaces and Steam Water Boil-
ers. Do you know anything about

KELSEY

Warm Air

Generators

Start your investigation now. Over
40,000 home owners have chosen KEL-
SEYS above allothers. Generators for
all types of buildings. Write today.

KELSEY HEATING COMPANY

116E Fayette Street, Syracuse, N. Y.
New York Office: 156R Fifth Avenue

KELSEY HEATED
Residence in Glen Ridge, N. J. Arch’t. John L. Capen, Newark, N. J.

Use it
for

Nothing
But
finishing

LASTICA Floor Finish is not an “all pur-
pose” varnish. It is strictly a floor varnish, and

is designed for no other purpose than finishing floors.
It is trade-marked like this: ys

STANDARD VARNISH WORKS

ELASTICA

FLOOR FINISH

Look for this Trade-mark on a Yellow Label All others are imitations.
ELASTICA will make your floors beautiful, sanitary, marproof, and waterproof, 1
and will dry over night. On floors old or new, of soft wood or hard, painted or q
unpainted, stained or unstained, or used over linoleum or oilcloth, ELASTICA is

THE ONE PERFECT FLOOR VARNISH ;
Remember the name E-L-A-S-T-I-C-A
and be sure you get the genuine. There is only one

ELASTICA, and that is made by the Standard Var
nish Works. Send for Book 92

** How to Finish Floors””— Home Edition. Profusely illustrated,
rich in suggestions for making and keeping floors beautiful. Also
ask for a set of exquisitely colored postcards showing handsome
interiors, which will be sent with our compliments. Address

‘STANDARD WARNISHT WW/ORKS:

29 Broadway, New York; 2620 Armour Ave., Chicago,
Ill.; 301 Mission St., San Francisco, Cal.; or
International Varnish Co., Ltd.,
Toronto, Canada

Floors ;

“a

‘
'

“Handy as a Pocket
in a Shirt”

Everybody has to ‘“‘pry into things” occasionally, and
when they do, they need Bonner’s Household Utility
Tool to help. This has the combined virtues ofa tack
hammer, nail puller, crate opener and ice pick;and, be-
sides, does a score of odd jobs that can’t be catalogued.

BONNER

HOUSEHOLD UTILITY TOOL

is a sturdy little helper, of fine quality steel and well temper-
ed. Drop forged and nickel plated. Every well organized
household needs one. Handy in an office, necessary in a
worker's kit. Sizes: 71% inches at soc and 9 inches at 75c. Ask
your dealer and don’t be turned off with a ‘‘just as good.”” If
not with him, send us his name and we will ship tool prepaid,
upon receipt of price.

C. E. BONNER MFG. CO. Champaign, Ill.

iso makers of Bonner Victor” Chain Pipe Wrench

and other special purpose’ Tools

A HOUSEHOLD
== NECESSITY

Here’s the simplest, handiest
and most efficient household arti-
cle ever made.

The “Universal” Sharpener
It puts a keen lasting edge in a
few seconds on either kitchen or
table knives, or on pocket knives.
No excuse now for a dull knife
in the house.

Price, Postpaid, 50c
Make life easier and happier by sending for this article today

ARTHUR C. EDDY

Thompsonville, Conn.

Tennis Court Enclosures, Unclimbable Wire

and Spiral Netting (Chain Link) Fences for Estate
Boundaries and Industrial Properties—Lawn Furni-
ture—Stable Fittings.

rf} F. E. CARPENTER CO.,

253 Broadway
New York City

P. O. Box 355

sense of

delicacy

and refine-

anomie, Oil
healthfulness

and hygiene
suggests—your de-

sire to save your
teeth demands—the
twice-daily use of the

Tosth,

‘A Clean Tooth Never Decays’

It is the one tooth brush that doesn’t shirk its work because it

cant. It is built to clean the teeth; its scientifically formed tufts

penetrate to every hidden place, to every crevice, back of, in front

of, and detween the teeth. An ordinary flat-faced brush merely

*“touches the high spots.’’ But remember, decay always starts in the

obscure places, where the common brush doesn’t go. That’s why
dentists and doctors recommend the Pro-phy-lac-tic.

The curved handle of the Pro-phy-lac-tic (stiff or flexible as you prefer)

gives you access to every part of the mouth, particularly the back teeth, which

are usually so hard to reach properly. The Pro-phy-lac-tic saves your gums as
well as your teeth.

You hang up the Pro-phy-lac-tic; it dries quickly, is absolutely sanitary. The in-
dividual yellow box protects against handling till it reaches your bathroom.
Adult’s, youth’s and child’s sizes; hard, medium and soft bristle textures.

Write for a Copy of Our Free
Book. It’s Most Interesting

Every Pro-phy-lac-tic guaranteed; we
replace if defective.

FLORENCE MFG. CO.

Only S > ae
tooth brush really) > +y¢ Fee SE
cleans between ordinary tooth brush
L Sole Makers of Pro-phy-lac-tic Tooth, Hatr,

the teet h merely brushes Military and Hand Brushes

Peonies for a Long Season Planet Hardy Bulbs ;
Vol. XVI. No.3 Tool Sheds Small Fx $1.50 a Year

COUNTRY LIFE oe DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO. . THE WORLD'S
IN AMERICA : Wea Re Ne .

-BOBBINK & ATKINS ©

World’s Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products

The proper way

to buy is tosee the material

growing. We shall gladly give our time and

attention to intending purchasers visiting our nursery, ‘and invite everybody interested in improving

their grounds to visit us.
square.“feet of greenhouses and stotehouses, in which, we are

Our Nursery. consists of 300 acres of highly cultivated land and 500,000
growing Nursery. and Greenhouse

Products for every place and purpose,':the best that experience, ‘Zood cultivation and our coxseiilemt
facilities,can produce, placing usin a position to fill orders ‘of any size. 44 \ ;

OUR FORMAL ROSE.

GARDEN, planted with
5,000 Roses in 250 var-
ieties is now in full
bloom. Everybody in-
terested in Roses should
visit our Nursery and
inspect same.

BOXWOOD AND BAY
TREES. We grow
thousands of trees in
many shapes and sizes.

PALMS, DECORA-
TIVE PLANTS FOR
CONSERVATORIES, interior and exterior decorations. Our greenhouses
are full of them.

HARDY OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS. We have thousands of rare
new and old-fashioned kinds. Our Herbaceous Grounds are especially
interesting at this time. Special prices on quantities.

HARDY TRAILING AND CLIMBING VINES. We grow in pots quantities

for all kinds of planting.

B. & A. New Hybrid Giant-flowering Marsh Mallow

PLANT TUBS, WINDOW BOXES AND GARDEN | FURNITURE,
We manufacture all shapes and sizes.

EVERGREENS, CONIFERS AND PINES. More than’ 75 acres of our
Nursery are planted with handsome specimens. Our plants are worth
traveling any distance to see.

HEDGE PLANTS. We have a large quantity of California Privet, Berberis,
and other Shrubs for Hedges.

POT-GROWN STRAWBERRIES. We raise thousands of pot-grown Straw-
berries, in all the leading and popular varieties, ready for immediate delivery.

PAEONIES. Tree and Herbaceous Paeonies. October delivery.

BULBS AND ROOTS. We import large
quantities of Bulbs and Roots from Japan,
Holland and other parts of Europe. Our Au-
tumn Bulb Catalogue will be mailed upon
request.

OUR NEW GIANT FLOWERING MARSH-
MALLOW. Everybody should be interested
in this Hardy New Old-Fashioned Flower.
It will grow everywhere, and when in bloom
is the Queen of Flowers in the garden. Blooms
from July until the latter part of September.

OUR ILLUSTRATED GENERAL CATALOGUE No. 25 describes our Products; is comprehensive, interesting, instruc-

tive and helpful to intending purchasers. Will be mailed free upon request.

We Plant Grounds and Gardens everywhere with our World’s Choicest Nursery Products, grown in our World’s

Greatest Nursery.
VISITORS, take Erie Railroad to Carlton Hill,

second stop on Main Line,

3 minutes’ waik to Nursery.

BOBBINK & ATKINS

Nurserymen, Florists and Planters

Blue cuenae

RUTHERFORD, N. J.

Tells how to get best re-
\ sults with Tulips, Hyacinths,
\\ Daffodils, Crocus, ete.
Devotes 88 profusely illus-
trated pages to suggestions for
Fall planting — which by following you
gain a full year in perfecting your lawn, perennial
beds, hedges, vegetable garden, ete. Michell’s Bulb
Growing Guide is mailed free—ask for a copy.

NOW is the time to sow
Michell’s Evergreen Grass Seed
to repair Summer’s ravages. One dollar brings, pre-
paid, introductory package—enough for the average
lawn — and our Special Bulletin, “‘ How to Make a Lawn ”’

HENRY F. MICHELL CO.,

520 MARKET STREET
PHILADELPHIA

A HARDY GARDEN OR
BORDER OF PERENNIALS

Our plants are all strong field-grown and bloom the first season

after planting. We will mail you free upon request our
booklet on Perennials just issued. It illustrates
and describes the best varieties to plant.

A Hardy Garden in Northampton, Mass., taken after one season’s
growth of our plants and vines.

Trees and Plants for Beautifying the Home
Grounds

We grow a full line of Hardy and Healthy Deciduous and Ever-
green Trees, Shrubs, Roses, Vines, and Rhododendrons.

Complete Catalogue sent upon request

THE BAY STATE NURSERIES
678 Adams Street

North Abington, Mass. |

OcTOBER, 1912

t

un

Per doz. Per too Per doz. Per 100
Auratum (The Golden Banded Lily). We can under glass. Flowering at the same time as
say that this is the grandest of all Lilies, and the Auratums the varieties Album White,
certainly the most popular. Melpomene, Crimson, Rubrum-Pink are
8 to 9 inch Bulbs .00 $ 7.50 annually imported into this country in large
9 torr inch Bulbs...... ai .25 15.00 quantity.
DEtowmshincheBulbsissssrer ieee sence 3.00 20.00 Album. Pure white.
Longiflorum. Large trumpet shaped pure 8 to 9 inch Bulbs -50 $12.00
2 “1 . 9 to 11 inch Bulbs .50 20.00
white flowers like the Bermuda Easter Lily, Mel Simil. Rios Rub
but is perfectly hardy. elpomene. S m4 ar to oseum or ubrum
- 3 but more brilliant in color.
TACOMOPNGHEBULDSemidseicciccnistraele oe I.00 7.00 :
Ge GO an ENS Feet LOD ShLOM On NGHe Ul bshrepateentveststeyslej-tole cte/evels 1.00 8.00
©.UO HONE an Spadeone copccnPea age oS) ae OO se NII sMloys4 Aes laguandadacoonpao 2.00 I4.00
Speciosum. A fitting companion to the Aur- Rubrum or Roseum. Pink.
atum; this type is one that is not only grown SitomorinchyBulbssysck cess I.50 10.00
out-of-doors extensively, but is also grown OtoWrTainch Bulbs asciee sees secs cesses 2.00 14.00
2s s s 5 e
Native Lilies — Ready for Immediate Delivery
Per doz. Per 100 Per doz. Per 100
Canadense flavum. Lovely nodding blossoms, Tenuifolium. The lovely Coral Lily of Siberia.
bell-shaped. yellow-spotted black, one of the A great beauty. The brightest of all Lilies.
most beautiful of our native lilies........... $1.25 $9.00 Grows 20 inches high, w ith finely cut foliage,
slender stems and beautiful shaded. flowers of
Superbum. In a collection of best plants of all acoral-red. One ought to grow them by the
countries, our native Superbum Lily would dozen, they are so fine for cutting, and making
deserve a first place. In deep, rich soil it clumps for the lawn. Blooms very early... I.50 10.00
often grows 8 feet high, with twenty to thirty Tigrinum flore pleno. The Double Tiger
flowers. It is of the easiest culture, and may Lily. The only double Tiger Lily worth
be grown asa wild flower in any swampy or EAs cos GoodoodcouosUMUDebassuopoootad 1.25 8.00
rough part of a place where the grass is not Tigrinum splendens. Improved Single Tiger
mown. Extra selected bulbs............... I.50 10.00 Lily. 8 to 10-inch bulbs.................-. 1.50 12.00

Catalogue of Best Bulbs for Fall Planting free on request

ea lala

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

In all the list of Hardy Plants, few,

Special Offer Collection

Alba plena. Immense, pure white flowers; of ro-
bust habit and a very free bloomer.

Berlioz (Crousse). Brilliant dark red, tinted rose;
flowers very large size, imbricated. A fine dwarf
grower; excellent keeper.

Candidissima (Calot). Large, cream-white guard
petals; center sulphur-yellow, with green heart,
very full and compact; habit slightly drooping.
The earliest of the white and yellow varieties.

Couronne d'Or. (Calot.) Large, flat, semi-rose
type; pure white, with a ring of yellow stamens
odes tuft of center petals, tipped carmine.
wedi tall, vigorous grower and free bloomer.

ate.

Duchesse de Nemours. (Calot.) Guard petals
white, center lemon-yellow with greenish reflex.
Large, cup-shaped, full bloom. Among all Peonies

here is nothing so exquisitely chaste as this variety in a half open state. Delicately

fragrant.

Duc de Wellington.
ideal; stems very firm and eee

Edulis superba.
fully open; fragrant; upright, strong-growing plant.

(Calot.) sulphur-white bloom; habit

Very large, well-formed,
Scarce.

Strong grower; very fragrant.
Large, loose bloom of dark pink of even color, flat when
Early.

(Lemon.)

Feature Your Garden with
Peonies and Hardy Lilies

if any, surpass the Peony or the Lily;
whether for decorative effects or for cutting their flowers are truly gorgeous.

Special Offer No. 1 —12 Popular Peonies

From September to November is the best time to plant Peonies.
eye well developed roots will make strong plants and flower next year.

One each 12 Varieties, 12 Roots, $3.00
One each 6 Varieties, 6 Roots, 1.50

Any of the following varieties at 30 cts. each, $3.00 per dozen

Our 3 to 4

Festiva maxima. (Miellez.) In some respects
this is yet a peerless flower—Queen of the Whites.
Though introduced more than fifty years ago, it
is almost impossible to supply the demand. Some-
one remarked at a great Boston show that if this
flower was of a recent introduction it would be
readily sold at $5 a root. It stood well to the
front with all the new and beautiful candidates for
popular favor. It is an immense white flower with
drops of carmine sprinkled in the center. An
early bloomer and a good keeper.

Lady Bramwell. Although of unknown origin, a
splendid Peony. Beautiful early flower of glossy
pink; very fragrant.

Louis Van Houtte. (Calot.) Rich, glowing purp-
lish pink, tipped with silver; very brilliant coloring;
fragrant, medium-large flower.

Mme. Chaumy. (Calot.) Globular; soft pink.
much like Lady Bramwell, only larger and later,
This is one of great beauty; a good keeper, but
some seasons it needs shading from the hot sun.

Meissonier. (Crousse.) Globular; brilliant pur-
plish red; slightly fragrant; free bloomer; stems
long; habit of plant medium tall.

Special Offer No. 2— Hardy Lilies For Fall Planting

til the ground becomes frozen.

50 Barclay St.
New York

All Lilies are better for fall planting, but many of the varieties of Japanese Lilies do not arrive from Japan
The method usually followed with excellent success,
ground in which they are to be planted to the depth of 8 to Io inches with stable manure; this will pre-
vent any of the early frosts which sometime occur late in November from entering the ground.

JAPANESE LILIES — Ready in November

is to cover the

For i tio ding railroad and s - T
82 * iplins, writlotte Rady sevice” «~OC THE 6 GARDEN MAGAZINE OcroneR, 1912

~~

Poultry, Kennel and Live Stock Directory Bee tne ee een

| Address INFORMATION DEPARTMENT, Tue Garpben Macazine£, 11-13 W. 32d Street, New York.

Delight the children with a

Shetland Pony

—an unceasing source of pleas-
ure, a safe and ideal playmate.
Makes the child strong and ro-
bust. Inexpensive to buy_and
keep. Highest types here. Com-
plete outfits. Satisfaction guar-
anteed. Write for illustrated
catalogue.

BELLE MEAD FARM

Box 15 Markham, Va.

Make Your
Dog a Safe
Playmate:

Large Berkshires
at Highwood

No animal good enough unless
large enough. Selected individ-
is all ages for sale.

siters always welcome and
met at train if expected.

HEADQUARTERS H.C. & H. B. Harpending
For The Celebrated Hungarian and English Dundee, N. Y.

Partridges and Pheasants

BEST GAME BIRDS AT RIGHT PRICES
Have a fine lot of Wild Turkeys. Also Capercailzies,
Black Game, Quails, Rabbits, Deer, etc., for stocking pur-
poses. Fancy Pheasants, Peafowl, Swans, Cranes,
Storks, Ornamental Geese and Ducks, Foxes, Squirrels,
Ferrets, etc., and all kinds of birds and animals.

My stock of pigs and hogs was
never better. If you want the
best all-around breed raise

Jersey Reds
Fatten easily and quickly, small
: cs boned, long bodied, vigorous,
é _ gees prolific. Meat unsurpassed.

You don’t treat your family pet like a street
cur, why feed him like one? Why make him
like one with kitchen scraps? Why not make
sure he won’t snap or bite by feeding Austin’s.
Austin’s Dog Bread is the safest dog food, because

it is a scientific composition of lean meat, bone meal Choice offerings now. Write to-
a aks No chemicals, waste materials aE by- WEN Z & MACKENSEN Pee Pe i 3 day for free Ganley. :
products, DEPT. 55 6

Write Now for FREE Samples PhcssintpiaediGsee Bats YARDLEY, PA. Arthur J. Collins, Box Cc, Moorestown, N. J.

Simply write your name and address on a postal, with your
dealer’s, and state whether you want Austin’s Dog Bread or
Austin’s Puppy Bread for small pets and pups under six months.
AUSTIN DOG BREAD & ANIMAL FOOD CO.

203 Marginal St., Chelsea, Mass.

ETH UMMM MMM UULIU UL

Make Hens Lay

1 Lots of eggs by feeding green bone fresh
cut, because it is rich in protein and all

other egg elements. You get twice the eggs \
— more fertile; vigorous chicks, earlier OU ry Ooo

broilers, heavier fowls, bigger profits.

MANN’S tAtts? BONE CUTTER By Harrison Weir, F.R.H.S. ee

This is a thor- J -
oughly practical |
guide for ama-
teur, fancier, pro-
fessional breeder,

Anyone Can Raise Poultry
with the Colony Laying House

Winter or summer, it
is always healthful and
comfortable. Com-
pletely protects against
rats, cats, skunks,
hawks, etc. In stormy
weather the run can be
covered, top and sides.
One man can easily
raise several hundred
chickens in the Colony
Laying House. Com-
mlerely equipped ae $ 0
nests, fountain an ee Price 2
trough. Easy to clean = ‘=
andiwen Hitsak CAN Be Size 10 x 4 feet, 5 feet high.
put together in fifteen
minutes.

We carry a complete line of poultry houses.

Write today for free Poultry Catalogue.

E.F.HodgsonCo.,Room 311,116 WashingionSt.,Boston,Mass.

cuts all kinds of bone, with adhering meat and gristle, easy, fast
and fine. Automatic feed, open hopper, never clogs. Book free,
10 Days’ Free Trial. No money in advance.

F. W. MANN COMPANY BOX 325 MILFORD, MASS.

Learn this immensely rich business;
= we teach you; easy work at home; fe:
everybody succeeds. Start with our —
Jumbo Homer Pigeons and your success is assured.
Send for large Illustrated matter. Providence
Squab Company, Providence, Rhode Island.

orgeneral farmer.
It is the book you

——_ want. It contains
1299 pages; 325 illustrations.

$1 or $2 per Acre per Month |

Buys a Sanford celery farm. Flowing artesian well
guaranteed. Sub-irrigation, fine drainage, good sub-
J soil, proven district, no interest; water and rail transpor-
tation. Our liberal contract allows six years to pay out.

TITLE BOND & GUARANTEE CO., Sanford, Fla.

There’s Money in P oultry

Our Home Study Course in Practical Poultry
Culture under Prof. Chas. K. Graham, late of the
Connecticut Agricultural College, teaches how to
make poultry pay.

Personal instruction. Expert Advice
250 Page Catalogue free. Write to-day.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. P., Springfield, Mass. Prof. Graham.

Some of the Topics and the Contributors

Varieties. By Geo. O. Brown

Eggs— Commercially and Generally.
By Miller Purvis

Incubators. By Thomas F. McGrew

AIREDALE FARM KENNELS Feeding. By James E. Rice

Spring Valley, N. Y. Mating and Breeding. By I. K. Felch
Mr. Howard Keeler, Owner. Marketing. By Miller Purvis
The largest and most complete home for Registered
Housing. By A. F. Hunter

- AiredaleTerriers in America.
Let us send you a Free Sample lesson from our The Best Chum for Children Disensee: By Dec Nathan Sanaa
Game Fowls. By Dr. H. P. Clarke

famous Correspondence Courses in General Farm-
ing, also valuable booklet free. a ie oo aoe guardian ict the peme! j ‘

66 ” tock of all ages for discriminating buyers. we ‘ s

How to Make the Farm Pay More can’t please you nobody can. UW: S Conditions: By EE Mose

Everybody is sending for it. Wouldn’t you like to know A N a E D pare’ 3 aes

more about how We Teach Farming by Mail? W Etc., Etc.
We teach everything for farmers—General Farming, : #

Poultry Farming, Truck, Fruit, Stock, Dairying, Small Farm Experienced gardener. and general care-taker on gen-

Course, Soils and Fertilizers, Farm Veterin gricultural tleman’s place. Married man without children. Must

Journalism, Special Course selected to suit needs, etc. Faculty have thorough knowledge of cultivation of roses and H
2xperts. S ents in every State. A safe way f Storty: Spon 5

of experts. Students in every State. A safe way out for the city bw erate falltlindeseAllso vegetables—-care okionel Cow Doubleday, Page & Company

man. More profits for the farmer. Write today. No agents.

. 98 ilding 1 h no greenhouse. Cottage on place. Best
American Farmer’s School wixscaroris, wiNy, reference meniredes Adee. rs E GARDEN CITY, NEW YORK

(The original and largest Correspondence School of Agriculture) ‘
: P. O. Box No. 344, East Greenwich, Rhode Island.

Illustrated. Net, $1.50

The Readers’ Service wi ve yor
OcTrospeER, 1912 T H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E earesiionsfor the eas of HUSGEE 83

This 30¢
metal hopper

The eden Way to] full of

Close Your Shutters PU RINI 7-N

Stand inside and turn a little crank—don’t
remove the screens or even raise the sash.

The MALLORY SHUTTER WORKER - Chicken Chowder

opens, fastens at any angle, or closes and Jocks
the shutters from the inside, without admit-
ting flies and mosquitoes or exposing yourself
to bad weather.

Just a turn of
this little crank
opens or closes
your shutters

Attractively finished to suit your wood-work.
They are readily attached to any shutter on
old or new frame, brick or stone dwelling.

Ask your hardware dealer, and if he does not
have them, write us for our Free illustrated
booklet giving us your Dealer’s name.

Mallory Manufacturing Co. | I will give you, through
253 Main Street, Flemington, N. J., U.S. A. | your dealer, this practi-

cal, serviceable, well
LOOK OUT) made metal hopper,

FOR SPARKS | chock full of Purina Chicken Chowder, both for 30 cents. I

No more danger or damage from flying

sparks, ‘Nemore poor ated, aimsy are | Make this remarkable offer solely to get you acquainted with
place screens. Send for free booklet 5 e

the best Hind ofa spark guar for yoursa. the egg-producing powers of Purina Chicken Chotwder—a dry egg-
ividual fireplace rite to-day for fr . . . . . . . .
bookletand makeyour plansearly. | laying mash consisting of approximately the same chemical ingredients found in

: J : 5 : y ae
vor phe Svracuse Wire Werke | an egg. It is composed of alfalfa, granulated meat, middlings, bran, corn meal,
: linseed meal and charcoal.

“If Chicken Chowder won’t make your hens lay, they
must be roosters”

OULDS RELIABLE SPRAYERS

GIVE LONG SERVICE AND BEST RESULTS.
SEND FOR VALUABLE SPRAY GUIDE.

THE GOULDS MFG. CO., 82 W. FALL ST., SENECA FALLS, N. Y.

Chicken Chowder assures you an abundance of eggs during the fal/ and winter,
when prices are /ighest. You cannot afford to be without it. Ask your feed
dealer or grocer foday for a metal hopper full of Purina Chicken Chowder.
This offer is made thr ough dealers only east of the Rocky Mountains. If your
wo dealer cannot supply you, let me know his name.

: ; Valuable Poultry Book FREE
Fertilizer for Fine Lawns In return for your dealer’s name I will send youmy 48 page

Pul d Sh > Mz —Sh Head B d—is e's ov lant 1 \ c

ees Iie ee colt Gonrsen flow cricardenspotted plants. Wite for 1 See oee i Purina Book, with ruled forms for egg records and accounts,

RAG GUANO es an ERNST plans of houses, coops, fixtures, etc., cures of diseases,
: 2 i ie g breeding charts, etc. Write today.

Use KEROSENE Engine Free! Col. Furing, Ralton Paring Mile

829 S. Eighth Street St. Louis, Mo.
Amazing “DETROIT” Kerosene Enenely

shipped on 15 days’ FREE Trial, proves ker- -
osene cheapest, safest, most pow: erful fuel. If
satisfied, pay Jowest price ever given on relia-
ble farm engine; if not, pay nothing. No waste,
no ev aporation, no explosion from coal oil.

Gasoline Going Up!

Gasoline is 9c to 15c higher than coal
oil. Still going up. Two pints of coal
oil do work of three pints gasoline.

Amazing “DETROIT”

— only engine running on coal oil suc-
cessfully; s alcohol, “gasoline and ben-
zine, too. Starts without cranking. Only
i parts — no cams — no
gears—no valves—the utmost in simplicity, power
and strength. Mounted on skids. All sizes, 2 to 20 h. p., in stock
ready toship. Engine tested before crating. Comes all ready to
run. Pumps, saws, threshes, churns, separates milk, grinds feed,
shells corn, runs home electric lighting plant. ‘Prices (stripped).
$29.50 up. Sent any place on 15 days’ Free Trial. Don’ t buy an

PEONIES. The World’s Best

Large collection, reduced prices. All guaranteed true
to names. Send for list. W. L. GUMM, Peony
Specialist, Remington, Ind.

A New Leather Edition in prepa-
° ration. Write for full information.

12 VOLUMES

Doubleday, Page & Company

engine till you investigate money-saving, power-saving ‘‘DETROIT.” GARDEN CITY s 5 = c = NEW YORK

Thousands in use. Costs only postal to find out. If you are first in your neigh-
borhood to write, you get Special extra-Low Introductory price. Write. (138)

Detroit Engine Works, 229 Bellevue Ave., Detroit, Mich.

The Readers’ Services give.
84 safarmutiintabout peoasante 4 H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E

OcToBER, 1912

Just Suppose

You were many thousands of dollars in debt;

That you were disowned by your father;

That you had been used to luxury and frequented the
most fashionable hotels here and abroad;

And suddenly found yourself on: the streets,

penniless

Would you make good in eighteen months, own a
newspaper and be mayor of a town of 40,000 people ?

That’s what Arthur Howard did. He pulled himself
up by the boot-straps. Read his own story—it’s true.

THE MAN WHO BUCKED UP

By ARTHUR HOWARD Ready Oct. 16. All Book-shops. Net, $1.00

Left in Charge

Victor Whitechurch
(Just Out)

New Popular Edition

THE DOG BOOK

By JAMES WATSON

This is the final authority upon
any question that may arise about
dogs. Every interest has _ been
covered, including the history, des-
criptions of breeds, the kind of dog
to buy, and how to take care of it.
There are 128 full-page pictures.

Of simple charm and appealing quality
is this tale of the adventures of a new
curate in a village just outside London.
What happens during the old Vicar’s

absence is told with many touches of =
: The author has been a dog-breeder

for forty years here and in England.
Long experience as judge at shows,
and as a practical fancier has been
supplemented by exhaustive research.

He knows the animal as the result
of a life-time study and to his famil-
iarity with the subject is added sound
judgment.

128 full-page pictures. Cloth. Net $1.50

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
Garden City, New York

humor and keen character drawing.

Cloth, net $1.20

Books by Victor Whitechurch

The Canon in Residence. Cloth, net $1.20

Concerning Himself. Cloth, net $1.25
Off the Main Road. Cloth, net $1.25

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.

GARDEN CITY NEW YORK

The Book of Grasses

By Mary Evans Francis

y I ‘HIS is the first book which takes up in a simple comprehensive way, the common and rare species of
grass. It is written for the amateur, and is the best thing of its kind ever offered.
It discovers a wealth of beauty and variety in commonplace spots and shows the astonishing amount
of interesting things in one’s own gardens and the near-by swamps.

The illustrations are very beautiful. They are the result of painstaking care, and are from original |
photographs.

16 full-page color plates. 64 pictures in black and white. Cloth. Net $4.00

| Garden City Doubleday, Page & Company New York

The Richer Life

By

Walter A. Dyer

“*Most excellent advice . . . written in the clearest and
simplest style with equally simple little anecdotes and stories to
point the moral, and whimsical little turns of humor here and
there to adorn the tale.’—New Vork Times.

Here is a book to lay down the latest novel for. Each
of these philosophical, common-sense essays is introduced
with a parable — a story of a prince or a poet or a cob-
bler. The stories are well worth the reading for their own
sake. Walt Mason, writing in the Kansas City Star,
likens the books to an oasis in the desert. found at last by the
weary traveler after many deceiving mirages. ‘‘Thought-
ful readers will enjoy it,” says the Providence Journal.

“‘There’s an ‘atmosphere’ about Mr. Dyer’s stories that gets the
reader into sympathy with the author and his idea, and when he
turns to philosophizing from the tale it seems the most natural thing
to go along with him; there's entertainment in the preachment as
surely as in the tale.’—Springfield Republican.

Price, Cloth, $1.00 net; (postage 10 cents). Limp
Leather edition, $1.50 net; (postage 15 cents.)

§—E- ORDER IT FROM YOUR BOOKSELLER
or from Doubleday Page & Co, Garden City, N. Y.

Make the Farm Pay

Complete Home Study Courses in Agriculture,
Hortienlture. Florienlture, Landscape Gardening, For-
estry, Poultry Culture, and Veterinary Seience under
Prof. lirooks of the Mass. Agricultural College, Prof.
Craig of Cornell University and other eminent
teachers. Over one hundred Home _ Study
Courses under able professors in leading colleges.

250 page eatalog free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. A.. Springfield, Mass. Prof. Brooks

f, BISCUIT
“> FOR ALL PLANTS
One to Quart of Water

Highest grade ever analysed by Massachusetts
Experiment Station

| Domestic Size (200 biscuits) Fifty Cents by Mail
Free Sample
EASTERN CHEMICAL COMPANY, BOSTON

Three Magazines for Every Home

COUNTRY LIFE IN AMERICA
Beautiful, practical, entertaining. $4.00 a year.

THE WORLD’S WORK
interpreting to-day’s history. $3.00 a year.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE —
FARTING
telling how to make things grow. $1.50 a year.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
Garden City, New York

OcTosBeER, 1912

= The Readers’ Service will give you
E suggestion for the care of live-stock

THE GARDEN MAGAZIN 85

Seebuins Seeds

and Bulbs

‘ae || WV W* are rather

proud of our
Bulb Catalog this year.
In addition to a care-
fully considered assort-
mentofimported bulbs
| for your early garden,
) wehavea special offer
which will interest you.

Se
Buss

Ww hen you get the book look inside
the front cover for the “special offer.”
It is a most unusual one and its accept-
ance will not only save quite a little
money on your bulb purchases, but
insure you a very charming garden in
the early spring.

A postal card will bring this beautiful 32 page

catalog and special offer to you. Write today.

J. M. THORBURN & CO.
(110 years in business in New York)
33 Barclay Street through to 38 Park Place, New York

Grow Your Own Vegetables

Cut down your Bring expenses. You'll be astonished how healthful it is
~, to cultivate a garden and how casy if you use

Planet Jr

Adapted to more uses than any other implement.

Opens furrows, plants, covers, and marks next row

in one operation.

FREE Valuable 64-page illustrated garden
guide book. Send postal for it today.

8. L. Allen & Co.. Box1108S8. Phila.

Write today for our
LITTLE BROWN BOOK

It contains intormation you should jf
have and a selected list of best ya- §

tieties with prices.

PAUL DOVE
to Henry Saxton Adams)
Mass.

(Successor

Wellesley SC =

BUYERS: LOOK HERE

too Darwin Tulips, others

LB ie: der tur, oe ask $1.50 to $2.00; club rate

$1.25. Again 875 bulbs, ro var. Narcissi, etc., sell
at $11.15; club rate $7.00. All prices frazzled.
Send 2c. for lists—a surprise is waiting you.
Address, Co-Operators’ League, 950 N. 53rd Ave., Chicago

PEONIES IRIS

SHRUBBERY TOO
FRED W. CARD Sylvania, Pa.

SPRAY "dst see

Bucket, Barrel, 4-Row
Potato Sprayers
“’ Power Orchard Rigs, etc.
Directions and formula free.

THIS EMPIRE KING

-q leads everything of its kind.
= Throws fine mist spray with
strong force, no clogging,
strainers are brushed and
) kept clean and liquid is thor-
|] oughly agitated automatically.

i CATALOGUE FREE
4 We have thesprayer to meet your
exact wants. Address

FIELD FORCE PUMP CO.
48 11th St., Elmira, N. Y.

Sai

LEM | Nie

\—Skeuar ,', ||

youll stake
DLS

with your book-seller on the
Williamsons’ new novel you
will win the “maximum”

GUESTS-OF
HERCULES

6 6

By C. N. and A. M. Williamson
¢. A romantic tale of Monte Carlo and of the picturesque life
of the “Azure Coast.’ The character of Mary Grant

fs one of such naive frankness, disconcerting directness and
captivating innocence of the ways of the world that one

begins to feel a sort of personal responsibility for her from
the opening of the book. This appeal is very strong

and is one of the most delightful qualities of this story
of a convent girl’s adventures in Monte Carlo.

Four illustrations in colors and decorated
wrapper and lining pages
Net, $1.35.

OTHER BOOKS BY THE WILLIAMSONS

THE GOLDEN SILENCE. THE CHAPERON. IUllustra- LADY BETTY ACROSS
Miustrated. Cloth. _Net $1.35. ted. Cloth. Net $1.35. THE WATER. Illustrated.
THE MOTOR Bae Itus- ae Sao Beet Cloth. Net $1.35.

trated. Cloth. Net $1.20. llustrated. loth. Net $1.35. a
LORD LOVELAND DISCOV- THE PRINCESS VIRGINIA. Le aad as
ERS AMERICA. Illustrated. Illustrated. Cloth. Net $1.35. Net $1.35. sae *
Cloth. Net $1.20. ROSEMARY IN SEARCH o

SET IN SILVER. Illustrated, OF A FATHER. Illustrated. MY LADY CINDERELLA.
Cloth. Net $1.35. Cloth. Net $1.35. Cloth. Net $1.35.

Doubleday, Page & Company, Garden City, New York

e We have one of the finest stocks anywhere
Peonies in the country and should be very glad to
figure with you on your list of wants.

Send for up-to-date price list on all varieties.
PETERSON NURSERY, Stock Excharge Buil_ing, CHICAGO

Mention The Garden Magazine when you write.

Your copy of our new Catalog is waiting
to be mailed to you. Shall we send it?

J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY
The Factory of Precision Dept. 284, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

Sea only pruner made
that cuts from both
sides of the limb and does not bruise
the bark. Made in all styles and
We pay Express charges on
all orders.
Write for circular and prices

RHODES DOUBLE CUT
PRUNING SHEAR ¥

sizes.

RHODES MFG. aircon
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

86 OcToBER, 1912

The Readers of The Garden Magazine have Generously

We know of no other magazine that has paid its advertisers so con
as to the worth of this publication from advertisers who have

BIG RESULTS AT SMALL COST FROM ALL
CLASSES OF ADVERTISERS

Appeals to thepar-
ticular advertiser

Inquiries at a cost
of 15 cents each.

Over 2 inquiries a
day

More replies than
any of their other
advertising

Out of 15 publica-
tions among first 5

in results
Bringing _ orders
from first day ad.
appeared

24 orders in the
first 10 days

Cheapest medium
but one

20% of inquiries
turned into sales

75% better results

New Jersey Zinc Co., New York

“‘We like the character and style of your
publication and believe it reaches the people
who are interested in paint.”

K. Dykema & Son (Building Material)

“The Garden Magazine produced inquiries
at a cost of 15 cents each: a $30 advertise-
ment brought 200 replies.”

Kimball, the Rug Man, Norwich, Conn.

“The Garden Magazine has averaged 75
inquiries a month.”

International Incinerator Co., Buffalo, N. Y.

“You may be interested in knowing that
our advertisement in The Garden Magazine
has brought us more replies than any other
advertising we have done.”

Kelsey Heating Co., Syracuse, N. Y.

“The Garden Magazi-1e has always given
us good results. Out of some 15 publications
used during the past three years, The Garden
Magazine was among the first five in cost
per inquiry and sales made.

A. J. Tower & Co., Boston (Oiled Clothing and Fabrics)

“The Garden Magazine has sold more goods
for us than any publication we have ever
used. It has been bringing orders from the
first day the advertisement appeared.”
Sterilac Milk Pail Co.

“The Garden Magazine showed up better on
the March Advertisement than more expensive
copy in Hoard’s Dairyman, Rural New Yorker
and American Agriculturist. TheGarden Maga-
zine in the first ten days produced 24 orders
and replies from nearly every state in the
Union. ae.

Supplee Hardware Co.

‘*We quite agree with you in your estimate
of the value of The Garden Magazine as it
proved in the past two years to be the cheap-
est medium we used with one exception.”
Milwaukee Steel Post Co.

“The Garden Magazine is by far the best
magazine we use. We have had over 50 re-
plies to one 2-inch advertisement in the April
issue already, 20 per cent. of which have
developed into sales.”

Mohican Peony Gardens, Sinking Spring, Pa.

““We’ve had about 75 per cent. better re-
sults from advertising in The Garden Magazine
than any other publication.”

The R. M. Kellogg Co.

“Tt gives us great pleasure to report that
The Garden Magazine on the basis of cost per
order, led every other publication out of a
total number of 62 publications.”

P. B. Crosby & Son

“It may interest you to learn that we are
still receiving inquiries about paper pots from
our advertisement of last February.

Garrett M. Stack

“In the February and March issues of The
Garden Magazine I have received more re-
plies from Utah, Minnesota, Illinois, Maine,
New York, Iowa, etc., then any other medium,
and the work received from same more than
paid for the advertisements.”

F. H. Horsford

“It may be of interest to you to know that
I had more calls from my advertisement in the
March number of The Garden Magazine than
from any magazine I have ever tried.”

Glenn Brothers, Rochester, N. Y.

““We certainly have secured ample results
from The Garden Magazine. It surpasses all
the other publications in the way of inquiries.”

W. L. Blodgett, of Hamilton Rubber Co.

“T do not know definitely what my plans
are for 1912. If I use but one magazine
that magazine will be The Garden.”

Davey Tree Expert Co., Kent, Ohio

““Garden Magazine has been one of the best
producers for us that we have used. I should
say it is almost in a class by itself among coun-
try papers. We are very much pleased with
the results and I am frank to say I do not
know of any publication of a similar nature
that I consider its equal.”

Thos. Meehan & Sons, Philadelphia, Pa.

“The Garden Magazine has been shouting
for us this month. 134 replies the first week
and still coming.”

H. H. Berger & Co., New York City

“We have found The Garden Magazine far
and above the best medium for our advertis-
ing. We have been at it 21 years and ought
to know.” 5

On basis of cost
per order Garden
Magazine led in a
list of 62 maga-
zines

Here is long life.
After ten months
still getting
quiries

Inguiries from all
over the country

More inquiries than
from any other
magazineever used

Surpasses all other
publications in way
of inquiries

If only one maga-
zine is used it will

be The Garden

In a class by itself

134 replies
first week

the

Far and above the
best medium

OctoseR, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

87

Patronized Its Advertisers and Both have Profited

spicuously and so consistently. We present below a few opinions
used it and advertising agents who have carefully investigated it.

LEADING ADVERTISING AGENTS REPORT
ON OUR SUBSCRIBERS

We selected the home towns of several leading advertising agents and sent the mailing list of
Garden Magazine subscribers to get expert judgment on their quality.

We wanted to know if our subscribers were not above the average in means and well able to
afford the better kind of products which are, or which should be advertised in The Garden Magazine.

The opinions of such men as we selected — men who direct some of the greatest advertising
campaigns in this country—are extremely valuable.

Read these reports on Garden Magazine Readers.

Leave nothing to
be desired

Very desirable peo-
ple for general ad-
vertisers to reach

Fine class of citi-
zens

Gets the fullest

measure of atten- ~

tion

Particularly inter-
esting to class of
people for whom it
is edited

“Answering yours of April 24th enclosing
stenciled list of subscribers to The Garden Mag-
azine inGlen Ridge, wouldsay, that these names
leave nothing to be desired as to quality.’

“In reply to yours of May 4th, would say
the parties checked on list returned herewith
are all well known to me, and very desirable
people for general advertisers to reach.”

“Referring to yours of the 4th, enclosing
list of a few subscribers in Milton, Mass., to
The Garden Magazine, would say that I am per-
sonally acquainted with a few; the others I
know have the reputation of being a very fine
class of citizens. I think The Garden Maga-
zine is certainly to be congratulated on having
such a list of subscribers in one of the
suburbs of Boston. I haven’t any doubt
but that the same condition prevails through-
out the country.”

“This magazine has appealed to me greatly
because of my interest in country matters
; Anything that Doubleday, Page
& Co., puts its stamp on gets the fullest meas-
ure of attention from this office.”

“T have looked through The Garden Maga-
zine, and assure you that in my opinion it
is a wonderfully attractive publication. It
strikes me that it should be particularly
interesting to the class of people for whom it
is edited.”

The Garden Magazine provides its readers each
tainment on subjects they are especially interested in.

It is indispensable to them.

There is a definite purpose behind The Garden Magazine and its readers are its intimate friends. ‘They are a
most responsive class of readers and advertisers of all kinds will do well to get acquainted with them.

es certainly the list of Montclair,
N. J., Pabscriber: that you sent me are all
very desirable people.”

“In replying to your letter of April 2oth,
I want to compliment you on the subscribers
you have in Evanston, Ill. If this list of
names is characteristic of your entire sub-
scription list you have a very valuable prop-
erty in The Garden Magazine.”

“The people on The Garden Magazine sub-
scription list for Cincinnati are all right.
They are well worth reaching.”

“T have your letter of the 5th inst., enclosing
list of your Jamaica Plain, Mass., sub-
scribers. With one or two exceptions I readily
identify each subscriber, and if I were making
up a list of residents particularly desirable
from the standpoint of intelligence and pur-
chasing power, I could not make a better
start.”

“The list of names which you sent me are
good. Most of them are among the best
people and just the kind I believe that
appreciate The Garden Magazine.”

“Tt is the only publication that I can
now remember which a _ business man has
asked me to have sent to his house compli-
mentarily. Three or four times Mr.
made this request of me. He says — ‘My
wife says she must have that magazine.’ ”’

All very desirable
people

Do you know
Evanston?

Well worth reach-
ing

Particularly desir-
able from _ the
standpoint of intel-
ligence and pur-
chasing power

Among the best
people

Business men ask

for it
5

month with helpful information and substantial enter-

THE

GARDEN MAGAZINE

OcToOBER, 1912

CPP il
eo

and the Parable of
the Mouse

After a year or two of business upset by
election primaries and conventions, Double-
day, Page and Company have the strong
conviction that business will be encouragingly
active this fall. If the whole truth be told,
we have already had a foretaste of what we
hope is coming and feel as the Mouse did in the
Fable. Mr. Mouse, it will be remembered,
made his way into the sanctity of the wine
cellar to escape the pressing attentions of the
House Cat. In this quiet retreat he heard the
drip of wine from a leaky cask and, to quench
his thirst, placed himself where a drop fell
into his open mouth. Much revived he took
a second and a third, and then jumped to the
top of the cask, crying out courageously,
“Where is that cat that was looking for me?”’

Every day we put ten tons of magazine
mail into the mail car waiting here on our
siding; but, as you will see by the announce-
ments in other parts of this magazine, we are
not satisfied. If anybody reads these lines
who has missed the colored insert setting forth
our fall magazine and book plans, please turn
to those pages and read them.

Business

No High Cost of Magazine Living

In these high-cost-of-living days, magazine
subscriptions alone have not gone up in price.
The magazines, as a rule, are even bigger and
better with more pages of text, more and
better pictures — all for prices that sometimes
astonish and depress the publisher. So one
can indulge a little in magazine subscriptions.
We respectfully suggest that you do not wait
until the last moment to renew your sub-
scriptions or to order new magazines. You
will do the publisher a great favor if you act
as early as you can.

This year we emphasize especially some
short term subscriptions, an excellent way to
introduce the magazines to new people. We
call them

Getting Acquainted Offers

and we have contracted with Messrs. Harper
& Bros. to make these attractive offers. We

“To business that we love we rise betime
And go to ‘t with delight.’’ — Antony and Cleopatra.

will send any two of the following magazines
for four months for a dollar.

Harper’s Magazine

Country Life in America

Harper’s Weekly (16 weeks)

The World’s Work

The Garden Magazine.
If you want three of the magazines, remit
$1.50; for four magazines, remit $2.00. Only
to mew subscribers is this offer made — the
price is less than cost of paper and printing;
the idea, as we have said, is to interest new
friends.

The Wind Before the Dawn

This fall we publish under the above title
a book which we feel will have a great influence
when it becomes generally read, as we are
sure it will be; and we think you will like to
read a part of a letter written by the author,
Mrs. Dell H. Munger.

“First of all, I didn’t think I could do it.
In January of 1904, Maynard Shipley, Prin-
cipal of the Palo Alto Academy, saw a letter I
had written to my son, who was one of his
pupils. Mr. Shipley came to me and advised
me to offer the letter just as it stood to The
Ladies’ Home Journal, saying that it had
material which should be put before the public.
I objected on the ground that it was a personal
letter. He then advised that I put it in story
form, as that was the best way to present it,
since the point could be illustrated by ex-
amples. I shall never forget how I laughed!

“‘TLord bless your soul’! I exclaimed,
‘the one thing in this whole world which I
would love best to do is to write a story —
but I can’t.’

“We argued till midnight, and as he stood
on the step, saying his good nights, he added
with conviction, ‘The letter is a story in
itself”

“The following day was my cleaning day,
and the colored man who usually cleaned my
rugs and floors did not come. The rugs had
been carried out on the clean grass to be swept
before I found I was not to have his help. I
am a creature of habit —cleaning day is
cleaning day, so I cleaned the rugs myself and
had lunch ready for my little family when

they came home from school at noon, and
was so tired that I cried as I cooked it.

“‘Now it so happens that I have never been
able to write a paper for the Club or even a
good letter, unless so tired that I was ready to
fight, or cry, or do some other drastic thing,
and remembering that fact, I sat down to my
writing table after the dishes had been
washed and began to try to outline a story.
Almost at once it began to take shape in
my mind.

“T finished a fifty-page chapter and read it
aloud to the children as they ate their evening
meal. I don’t expect ever again to know such
joy! Not that I expected to be able to finish
a book. I supposed the chapter I had to be
only the mirage of weariness and that when I
awoke rested and refreshed the next morning
that I would be as stupid as ever, but the
doing of that much had held many happy
thrills.

“T didn’t sleep that night, I was crazy to
write another chapter before it got away from
me. I planned it all out as I lay there in the
dark, and the first thing in the morning put
myself to the test to see if I could do it.

“Tt came out splendidly and the children
had another chapter while they ate their lunch.
They demanded still another at night — and
got it.

“T began to see that I had uncovered a vein
and went to work in real earnest — even began
to talk about ‘the book’ as if it were to be
finished. I wrote like mad, and always with
a fear that the power would depart. Having
peeped into heaven I could no more be satis-
fied without gaining entry.

“T wrote with a lead pencil and on rough
paper, I wore blisters on my fingers from the
pencil, for the more in earnest I was with what
I was saying the tighter I gripped my medium.
I wore the blisters off, I wrapped the bleeding
fingers in adhesive straps and wrote on. IL
was in a frenzy lest the power to write should
slip back into the unknown whence it had
come. I developed a corn on one finger from
the pencil which stays with me to this day.”

This has the ring of sincerity, we think you
will agree, and it is a pleasure to publish a
book so truthful, so genuine as ‘“‘The Wind
Before the Dawn.”

OctoBerR, 1912

New onde Effects

— unlike your neighbor’s

may be had by the use of
some of the many rare and
unusual plants we now have
ready for fall planting.

Some of these distinctive
plants came to us years ago
others are of recent intro-
duction, a few are selec-
tions from Europe’s best

CESS = nurseries—made personally

Dwarf Globe Norway Maple by Mr. Meehan this year;

—New, effective and quantity all are worthy of a place

limited. See our Specialty on the home grounds of the
Plant Book H. flower lover.

Make your home grounds distinctive and worth see-
ing by a selection of a few from this group featured in
our new Specialty Plant Book H. A copy free on
request.

58 years of plant growing
insure your securing dependable plants above the com-
mon nursery product.

As a suggestion. If your grounds are new, send us a
rough sketch of them, indicating size, present planting,
buildings, etc. A proposition from us will be the re-
sult. By this method we have helped hundreds of
puzzled beginners.

Thomas Meehan & Sons
Box 17, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa.

THE ESSENCE OF PLANT LIFE
Is Walker’s Excelsior Flower Food |

It will make your FLOWERS and VEGETABLES grow like the
proverbial ‘‘Green Bay Tree.” All plant life
will mature from two to three weeks earlier.

‘) WILL DRIVE WORMS FROM THE SOIL.
Endorsed by ‘such authorities as- Eben Rexford,
Heller Brothers Co., Dingee & Conard Co., and
many others. Ask your seed dealer or order direct.
Write for booklet.

Small size can, ma uking10 gals. $0. oo postpaid

) Large “ “ 20
5 lb. us ie 8) WN) 8 fay 2 by express

FLOWER cry PLANT FOOD COMPANY, acinar. N.Y., U.S.A.

Hardy Ferns for Autumn Planting

Send for list F

North Shore Ferneries Co.
Beverly, Mass.

PENNSYLVANIA
Quality LAVIN MOWERS

- eViel= ONLY MAKE WITH CRUCIBLE TOOL-STEEL
: BLADES THROUGHOUT

RAISING has made me thou-
E G sands of dollars on very little
capi and my spare time only.

SE tiawall the same for you,
I'll teach you free and buy all you raise. Soran $6 a lb. now.
Yields about sooo lbs. to the acre. Write for my easy natural method.

1100 Sherwood Ave.

SEEDS GROW

T. H. SUTTON
If myout fant a copy of be

LIT 1 eS ene

Catalog,’’ for 1912- address BURPEE, Roniaeeiphion

STANDARD [ JDTEFSICAK| | EVERWHERE
iN Well Drilling Machines
ht

Louisville, Ky.

Tested, Proved Reliable

by forty-four years’ use in nearly all
parts of the world. Many men earn
big incomes with some one of our
59 styles and sizes. They use any power
for drilling earth, rock and for mineral
prospecting. Large catalog No. 120, Free.

THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS
General Office and Works:
AURORA, ILL.

) Chicago Office: First National Bank Bldg.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

The Readers’ Service gives information
about automobile accessories 89

Moons’ Shrubs solve the problem of bare house foundations and ugly veranda
corners—Now in October is thet time to plant them

Not only do Moons’ Trees and Shrubs solve this problem, but almost any other landscape problem that may arise, whet'er it be that of
planting an entirely new lawn, or some feature in an old one, such as a shrubbery order, hedge, windbreak, or additional shade trees.

Our catalogue ‘‘Moons’

lardy Trees and Plants for Every Place and Purpose” describes these and shows numerous illustrations of

results produced with Moons’ stock. A copy will be gladly mailed upon request.

THE WILLIAM H. MOON COMPANY

Philadelphia Office, Room
“B”, 21 S. 12th Street

Morris Heights
Morrisville, Pa.

INCREASE THE VALUE
OF YOUR PROPERTY

by beautifying your home grounds

I can help you in several distinct ways:

ist. By giving you the benefit of expert advice
on your Landscape Problems.

2nd. By supplying trees and shrubs of matured
growth, thereby giving you an immediate effect.

You will profit by writing for my booklet on the
Art of Landscape Gardening. Sent upon request.

ARTHUR R. LUETCHFORD
540 Granite Building

ROCHESTER, N. Y. |

'Permanent Bulbs|

Here is something you can plant this fall and have forever §

Per Doz. Per 100
Tulips Darwin Finest Mixed - - -
“Separate Colors
Gesneriana Scarlet - -
Yellow
Parrot Mixed finest colors -
Narcissus Finest Single Mixed -

Illustrated Catalogue and full directions for planting mailed free

W. E. MARSHALL & CO.
146 W. 23rd Street NEW YORK

Important Notice:—We are moving to larger
quarters Oct. ist, to 166 West 23rd Street.

roxct WK TPLING

Edition

q Bound in full flexible red leather

Light and convenient to carry, easy to read. Each, net, $1.50

Puck of Pook’s Hill.

Traffics and Discoveries.

The Five Nations.

Just So Stories.

Kim.

The Day’s Work.

Stalky & Co.

Plain Tales from the Hills.

Life’s Handicap; Being Stories of Mine
Own People.

The Kipling Birthday Book.

Under the Deodars. The Phantom
’Rickshaw and Wee Willie Winkie.

The Light that Failed.
Soldier Stories.
The Naulahka (With Wolcott Balestier).

Departmental Ditties and Ballads
and Barrack-room Ballads.

Soldiers Three, The Story of the
Gadsbys and In Black and White.

Many Inventions.
From Sea to Sea.

The Seven Seas.
Actions and Reactions.
Rewards and Fairies.

A “Kipling Index” will be sent free to any one on request

Garden City

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY

New York

I h 7 t bout d -
90 FT eee ce TEE GARD ENS (MeEAGIAUZAIUNGE: Oanonan, 1912

| LIVINGSTON’S SPECIAL PAEONY BARGAINS

For a number of years we have grown on our “True
Blue” Farms a choice collection of named Paeo- ,
nies. Of some sorts, we have only a limited
number—too few to permit them being
= listed in the catalog. Of others,
™! we have quite a number, but lack
of space in catalog forbids
to list them. Growing a
\ small number of these sorts /
7 makes an endless amount “
of work, so that we have
decided to reduce our as-
sortment and close them
out at bottom prices. Among these will be
"_) found many rare shades of pink, white and
red. Many high-priced, named varieties
are included, so that this mixture would really
\ prove a most welcome addition to even a fancier’s collec-
©) tion. It will pay anyone to buy these in quantities. ie
| Prices:—Each 20c; dozen $1.75; 100 for $12.00; 1000 for $100.00 / NS

Paeonies in Good Mixture eee” \

p> Nothing is “cheap” about this mixture except the price. Contains all colors ranging from deepest ~4
* erimson shades to pure white and includes many of the best varieties. You will not be disappointed in
results if you should decide to invest in these remarkably cheap priced roots.

Prices: $1.00 per dozen; 100 for $8.50; 1000 for $75.00
Guide to Fall Planting of Bulbs Free

Describes and offers at reasonable rates a complete assortment of Dutch Bulbs, Paeonies, Irises, Phloxes, and Season-
able Seeds for fall planting. On second cover page you will read why we offer the above remarkable Paeony collec-
tion at the still more remarkable price. With many dependable culture directions and “‘true-to-nature ” illustrations you
will learn to value our “Guide” as a safe adviser in matters pertaining to fall planting. Write for your free copy today.

The Livingston Seed Co., °° Columbus, Ohio

Bulbs Macatawa

Direct from HOLLAND A New Blackberry

Originated 1909-10 by Mitting. A cross between the Giant
Himalaya Berry and the Eldorado blackberry. Came through

Hyacinths

Tulips last winter without any freezing, and produced a heavy crop
f this summer. Berries large as biggest dewberries, very black,
Narcissus sweet, no core, few seeds. Can ship now. Plants $1.10 each
by mail, or $5.00 per 6 by express collect. I accept no orders

Crocus for more than six plants.

“Fine—Largest I Ever Saw”

“At your place two weeks ago I was much pleased with the

The Giant Darwin Tulips

Gardens, especially with the outlook for a big crop of Giant
THE FINEST TULIP GROWN Himalaya Berries and with the new Blackberry, Macatawa.
I think those Macatawa Berries were the largest I ever saw, and

the flavor certainly was fine. Last spring I set out 500 Giant
JAPANESE IRIS q PEONIES Himalaya Berry tips, and nearly all are growing fast—some 8 to
in Large Variety aE Vena atin Lo Ingest | 12 feet. This looks good to me.” LEE Tower.son, Michigan,

collection

ee 5, 1912.
PERENNIAL PLANTS Plant Berries This Fall. Get My Book.

A complete list. Can supply direct from nursery

You'll get a third more growth next year than if you
wait until spring. Send for my free Berrydale Berry
Book today. It will tell you what to plant,and how to

j plant to get big crops. Describes Himalaya Berry, Macatawa
If vot do ths have aCOPY. of Our 19 2 Autumn Blackberry, and other valuable new and old varieties.

A. Mitting, Berrydale Experiment Baens
Fottler-Fiske-Rawson Co. Garacnacenue
HOLLAND, MICH.

Catalogue, write us. We will mail it

Faneuil Hall Square Boston

+ The Readers’ Service will giv
OcrospeR, 1912 4y H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E RifemaNone he Gutsmables 90-a-

Cover DrEsIGN—OuR Farm HomME - - - - - - - -

dios, Wionmirs Rave S989 oo o o 6 o = oo e

PrEoNy BiLoom For THE LoncEst Season - A. P. Saunders
Photographs by the author, N. R. Graves and others

BUILDINGS IN THE Home Grounps: I.,Tool Sheds Phil M. Riley
Photographs by A. G. Eldredge, N. R. Graves and others

i eS Bern eS. iS ne ee AS ARS eget ancien \Olney baal yeaa ay

PAGE PACE

Ql Growine Roses From Seep - - - - - - H.S. Adams 112
Photograph by F. A. Walter

R. N. Lobdell 112

95 How I Start SEEDS - - - - - - - - - - A. Martin 114
Drawings and photograph by the author

INOSES! FOR LHE SOUTH -s)=oe—4) = = =

How to Buy Nursery Stock - - - - - Adolph Kruhm 07
Bi ees phony. ehernthet En COSMOSRSELESOW) =a cuae ee Mary B. Paret 116
Harpy BuLps For PRESENT Prantinc - - - A. Herrington 100 THE WINTER BEHAVIOR OF SOME PLANTS IN IQII-12
Photographs by W. S. Kimball, A. F. Loomis and others C. L. Meller 1 18
SMALL F FOR NEXT YEAR’S - - W.C. McCollom 10
RUOMES BOW Nixie Wares (Oxo W's Co Mie Pano How SOUTHERNERS GROW SWEET PEAS - - - - - - = 120
Photograph by the author
THE PRINCIPLES OF WILD GarDENING - - Wilhelm Miller 105 BuLB PLANTING IN THE SouUTH- - - - - Thomas J. Steed 122
Photographs by William Robinson, Henry Troth and others ReEsEttING OLD BULBS - - SIG 61S) a 6 WK IR, Cage 124
‘Inst Ibiarmis, BARI oS) Skee Ss So Ssna a 6 = ooo Saas) Photograph by the author
THE CHILD’s GARDEN - - - - - - - - Ellen Eddy Shaw 110 Harpy PiLants TO BLooM ALL SUMMER - - L.J. Doogue 126
Photographs by C. E. Foster and P. B. Mann Photographs by the author
SUBSCRIPTION; CopyRIGHT, 1912, By DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY For Foreign Postage
$1.50 a year Entered as second-class matter at Garden City, New York, under an Act of Congress. March 3, 1879 add 6s5c.

Single copies 15 cts.

F.N. Dousiepay, President Water H. Pace, HERBERT S. Houston, Vice-Presidents S.A. Everitt, Treasurer RussELL DouBLepay, Secretary For Canada add 35c.

One of our Four Fields of Peonies

PEONY

Prices fo- Strong Divisions of 3 to 5 plump eyes, guaranteed true to neme.

To S. G. HARRIS, Tarrytown, N. Y. Quantity
Quantity Pas
. .- ALBERT, DAN’L D’. Deep rose
- ARC, JEANNE D’. Outside rose colored, inside straw colored
- ARTHEMISE. Rose, pleasant odor. Early

LIE, ULES.

tints

Our New Catalogue

of 48 pages richly illustrated will start
you right as to the selection of varieties |
of Fruits, Flowers and Trees, after which

A Visit to Rosedale

will convince you that our stock is un-
surpassed, notwithstanding we have
made low prices to attract attention from
the absorbing three cornered political
game of this Presidential year.

One, two and three year clumps in
addition to those named below and
many others.

ORDER BLANK

To secure the dozen rate order 6 of one kind, or 12 or more of not less than 3 of a kind
doz. { Quantity Each doz.

. D'HOUR, MMF. Soft carmine pink Estes 6.00]... LEBON, MME. Large, bright cherry, fragrant. Very late §

Clear flesh-pink. Late -50| . . . LEMONIER, AUGUSTE. Velvety red, large and full

. EXPOSITION DE LILLE. Pale pink, splashed with darker . . . NEMOURS, DUCHESSE DE. Sulphur-white; fragrant .

. NORD, TRIOMPHE DU. Large, solferino red, very plea-

. BELLEVAL, VISC. Blush; fragrant 3 5 5 : és j09 |: > EDULIS. Violet rose, very full and sweet. Late -0 santodor. Late

. BINDER, CHAS. Magenta, fragrant. Late . - FESTIVE MAXIMA.

! ) BOUCHARLAT Mon: HEE te ae eS ier very fragrant. Early,
OU! R AINE, MONS. Bright rosy lilac 0 00; | FULGIDA. Rosy magenta, silvery reflex. 2 : 330 -3: - - - PHILOMELE. Guards soft pink, center deep golden yellow,

. . CARNEA ELEGANS. Glossy flesh, ~ odor pleasant .
. . CHARLEMAGNE. Lilac white. odor pleasant. é
. - CROUSSE, FELIX. Bright red, odor pleasant. Late .
. . CROUSSE, MME. White, tinted pink, odor pleasant
. . DEJUSSIEU. Rosy-magenta, odor pleasant ~
. . DELACHEI. Deep, rich, dark crimson. Late mid- "season
.. DELICATISSIMA. Delicate pink . s
. . DEMAY, HENRI. Anelin red, odor pleasant. Late
. . DUBOIS. CLAIRE. Light rose-pink. Late . .
- DUPONT, MONS. Large, cream-white, odor pleasant. “Late
mid-season. 0
. DUCEL, MME. Bright Silvery pink, tinted salmon, odor
pleasant . 3 -

GALHAU, MME DE.

pleasant. Late

yellow. Late

shaded sulphur

. GUERIN, MODESTE.

. GRANDIFLORA CARNEA PLENA. “Large lilac white. Very
early. Odor pleasant . 6

. . HUMEI. Purplish rose; one of the latest to bloom

Paper-white, with carmine- -flaked tips, . . + OR, CURONNE D’. White, with yellow tints. Late

free and full. S : : : . . . . PALISSY, BERNARD DE. Pale lilacrose. Late .

Delicate pink; odor p! sleasant : 6 3 . . . RUBRA TRIUMPHANS. Dark purplish crimson, very sweet,

GALLE, MME. EMILE. Soft lilac shaded flesh. Odor very semi-double. Early

. SCHREDER BARONESS. Most delicate flesh-pink x bud,

. .. GERARD, MARGU JERITE. Pale pink. Late o 5 3 .0 0.0 EP changing to white when open 5 5 5 Sp a
. GOSSELIN, CHAS. Guard petals eens center deep . . . TALINDYKE, PRINCE DE. Dark purple. Very late. Twice

a first prize winner at Exhibition of Am. Peony Associ=

. GRANDIFLORA NIVEA “PLENA. Full, white center me ation

. UMBELLATA ROSEA. (Syn. Sarah Bernhardt.) V ery early.
Violet-rose guard petals, center amber white, fragrant
. VAN HOUTTE, LoulIs (Calot 1867.) Dark red, odor plea-
sant. Late : : © : . A : 6 a
. VERDIER, CHAS. Dark, solferino red. Odor very plea-
sant. Late eine
. . VERSCHEFFELT, AMBROSE. ” Purple magenta. “Late
. . VIOLACEA. Deep purple violet, large and full 5
- WELLINGTON, DUC DE. Guards white, center sulphur
white, fragrant, mid-season . : * 5 4

Solferino red. Mid-season

I obli ws in your garden write t
90-b Ye heRenien Semcon amen: 2° TELE) (G/AUR EIDE SNG aviv AN GAC ZAIGNGE! Ocroper 1912

F LATE years there has been a multitude of new varieties of Lilacs grown and many

of them have very great beauty, but unfortunately, almost al! the stock offered,

both in this country and Europe, has been budded on privet and is practically

worthless, for lilacs grown on this are certain to die in a few years. Nurserymen

bud Lilacs on privet because they can produce a large stock quickly and inexpen-
sively, but one Lilac on its own roots is worth a score of budded plants.

PRICE, EXCEPT WHERE NOTED, $1.50 EACH, $15.00 PER DOZEN

Amethystina. Very dark reddish purple. Leon Simon. Double; compact panicles; flowers
Alphonse Lavalle. Dcuble; large panicles; blue, bluish crimson. $2.

shaded violet. $2. ¢ y Madame Lemoine. Superb; double; white. $1.
Bertha Damman. Pure white; very large panicles Toussaint l'Overture. Dark crimson.

of flowers; fine. $2. : Souvenir de la Thibaut. Rosy lilac.

Charles Joly. aa A superb dark reddish purple Mad. Abel Chatenay. Double; milk-white. $2
variety; double. $2. _ 5 roe ine i
Congo. Bright wallflower-red. $r. Maric be giave nate panicles of white flowers.
Dr. Lindley. Large, compact panicles of purplish Mi i Tae i ae i oe toivervidoubletcol
lilac flowers; dark “red in bud; very fine. Dale icone aaa NREL NS NOS GOUEIES CO Oe

Alba Grandiflora, Very large; pure white trusses Nesromavienidareieislaceoustpursle:
Dame Blanche. Double; white. $r. President Carnot. Double; lilac tint, marked in

Emile Lemoine. Double; very large flowers of center with white. $r. ‘
fine globular form; rosy lilac; beautiful. Rothomagensis. Violaceous lilac. 35 cts.

Geant des Batailles. Bright reddish lilac, in large | Souvenir de Louis Spaeth. Most distinct and
trusses. 75 cts. beautiful variety; trusses immense; very compact

Jeanne d’Arc. Double; enormous spikes; pure white florets, very large; the color is deep purplish red. $1.
flowers, large and full; buds creamy white. Viollosa Lutea. A late flowering species with deep

La Ville de Troyes. Large, purplish red flowers; pink fowers: extremely free-flowering and effect-
fine. 75 cts. Ive. $1.

LaTour d'Auvergne. Double; purplish violet. $t. | Viviand Morel. Long Spikes; light bluish lilac,

Le Gaulois. Rosy lilac; a very lovely variety, 5oc. center white; double.

Lemoinei fl. pl. Double; carmine-violet. Wm. Robinson. Double; violaceous pink. $1.00

We started growing choice named Lilacs on their own roots ten years ago and now have
a very large and fine stock and the only stock in America. These Lilacs are strikingly
distinct and beautiful. The flowers of the double varieties are very lasting.

We have the largest, finest and most comprehensive stock of hardy plants in America, including three
hundred varieties of the choicest Peonies, one hundred varieties of Japanese and European Tree Peonies, and
also the largest collection of Japanese Iris in the world and an unsurpassed collection of named Phloxes.
Our illustrated catalogue describing these and hundreds of other Hardy Plants, Trees, Rhododendrons,
Azaleas and Shrubs, will be sent on request.

“A PLEA FOR HARDY PLANTS.” by J. Wilkinson Elliot, contains much information about Hardy Gardens,
with plans for their arrangement. We have made arrangements with the publishers of this book to furnish
ijt to customers at a very low price. Particulars on request.

ELLIOT NURSERY 326 Fourth Avenue Pittsburg, Pa.

There is none of the back-breaking,
patience-trying drudgery of covering
and uncovering the sash. No mats or
boards or coverings of any kind are

used,
WY

[fe for Hot-beds

and Cold-frames

SUNLIGHT Dousie Grass SASH NEED NO COVERING
EVEN IN ZERO WEATHER

GROW FRESH VEGETABLES FOR YOUR TABLE
AND TO SELL.

This season do your gardening under Sun- bloom in February or March. We have sold sash to
hundreds of amateurs, many of whom have sent in

light Double Glass Sash, You will be sur- The double layer of glass ous the place their second and third orders.
prised at the fine plants you can grow—at of mats or boards Agents Wanted. Sell Sunlight Sash in your

the small amount of time and labor it takes. eel. R neighborhood. Write us for proposition.
Between the two layers is a 3 inch transparent blanket Sendutos Nee sore books

of dry still air—keeping in the heat—kceping out the cold. 1.—our FREE catalog with net
For instance, you can Better than heavy,expensive mats or boards because it saves _ prices, prepaid freight and guaran-
labor and permits the plants to get all the light allthetime ‘ee4 delivery proposition. It_gives

. Cea : : : ; details, test Is and full informa-
grow fine cauliflower to which means that they will grow faster and become hardier. 40 ieemonderta invention ee

set out in the field in the Glass slips in and is held in place without putty. Can’t — 2.—A most interesting and instruc-
Spri Mak work loose. Easily replaced. tive booklet by Prof. W.F.Massey, the
g. 7 \- I-k hori Market Gar-
Dene ie eae oo PCE Read what amateurs grew last season ——_ ening, in which he tells how to make
arations now to get the Fresh lettuce and radishes all winter. Cabbage, cauli- and care for hot-beds and cold frames,

z and when and what to growin them.
fallabeneht ofthebench flower, beets, tomatoes, peppers and sweet potatoes to set Pricey OFMMD Ta SN Taeceys wIBCORIEC:

out early in the Spring. Violets all winter, pansies in 4 cents in postage stamps. Catalog free

Sunlight Double Glass Sash Co., 927 E. Broadway, Louisville, Ky.

The G

arden Magazine

Vou XVI_No. 3

PUBLISHED MONTHLY

OCTOBER, 1912

§ ONE DOLLAR FirTy CENTS A YEAR
(FIFTEEN CENTS A CoPy

[For the purpose of reckoning dates, New York is

generally taken as a standard. Allow six days’ differ-
ence for every hundred miles of latitude.]

In The October Garden

RRANGE shelter from both hot sun
and frost for half hardy chrysanthe-
mums outdoors.

Keep dahlias, golden glow and other late
flowers picked so as to force blossoms right
up to frost.

Last chance to sow mignonette in pots
for winter blossoms.

Finish sowing cover crops; whatever
land not yet cleared had better be trenched
over winter or covered with manure.

Sow the seed of the kentia palm as soon
as it is delivered by the florist. The fresher
the seed the more certain the results.

October the Planting Month

ij (bee is the best time for planting
nearly everything, both for the
gardener and for his crops.

Of the fruits, plant apple, pear, quince,
grape, blackberry, raspberry, currant, mul-
berry. Do ot plant the stone fruits —
peach, plum and cherry, nor strawberries,
except in nearby plots.

Of the ornamental shrubs, plant every-
thing except those with thin bark, such as
the birch, and those with fleshy roots, such
as the magnolia, tulip tree, etc.

Of the vegetables, plant fall spinach and
radishes, corn salad and onions for next
spring, and lettuce, beets and parsley in
coldframes for winter use.

Of the herbaceous ornamentals plant all
bulbs and tubers that are ordinarily left in
the ground all winter. These include iris,
crocus, snowdrop, scilla, etc. Plant also
perennials of every description — aster,
anemone, agrostemma, snap-dragon, chry-
santhemum, phlox, dianthus, peony, rud-
beckia, poppy, pansy, columbine —

everything of which you can obtain a root,
crown or clump.

Don’t forget to plant lilies this fall. It
is a mistake to wait until spring. Fall-
planted lilies will be twice as strong.

All kinds of roses can be planted in
October, but it is wiser to save the teas,
standards and other tender sorts for spring
planting.

Rhubarb and asparagus planted now
can be eaten in seven and nineteen months
respectively, but it is far better to give
them a whole season’s growth in addition.

Some Planting Principles

Ec every tree or bush you plant dig a
bigger hole than you think you need.
Give the roots a chance to spread out and
grow through the newly turned, soft soil.

Pack the richer top soil closely about the
feeding roots; the poorer soil thrown in on
top will gradually be improved by manur-
ing, cover cropping and cultivation.

Cut back all excessively long branches,
but leave the serious pruning till spring.
Some shoots may be killed back by frost so
the longer they are now the better. Be-
sides, no growth will take place until after
the spring pruning season.

Use plenty of water. This rule is vital
in spring and summer and decidedly im-
portant even in October.

In planting trees, bushes and perennials,
fit the soil so that it will be strong and rich
for several years to come. Mix with it
plenty of well rotted manure and bone meal
if available. Most rose beds and perennial
borders need retrenching and manuring
every two or three years. But there is no
reason at all why they should if the work is
done well at first.

Set any plant slightly deeper than it
grew in pot or nursery row, but don’t bury
the crown completely (save that of as-
paragus).

Leave a slight depression around the
stem or trunk so that moisture will sink
toward, and not away from the roots.
After every heavy rain or watering, rake
up a loose soil mulch half an inch deep.
This, of course, is not necessary if you use
a regular mulch of straw, leaves or manure.

Odd Jobs

"THE grower of chrysanthemums indoors
will be busy with disbudding, training
and tying bush plants and standards; grad-
ing, packing and shipping early varieties;
and selecting the best plants for next
month’s exhibitions.
Select also your strongest stock plants

91

while in bloom, from which you will later on
take cuttings.

Take cuttings of old geraniums for late
winter flowers, and for next year’s annual
garden, cuttings of salvia, coleus, verbena,
petunia, etc.

For indoor plants no better soil is needed
than a mixture of three parts peat or leaf
mold, one part rotted sod and one part
sand. Two pounds of charcoal to every
bushel will improve even this.

Cut and burn the asparagus tops. They
have done all they can toward storing up
food forthe production of next year’s shoots.

Seed selection is as good a practice in the
garden as on the farm. Whenever you
discover an especially fine hill of beans,
corn, or other vegetable save some of the
seed for next season.

If the cabbages are maturing too rapidly,
take them in both hands and give them a
half turn without pulling them out of the
ground. This will prevent their cracking
open, without injuring their quality.

Now is the time to store roots and extra
cabbage in a pit. Make it about three
feet deep, lay the roots close together,
sprinkling dirt between and keeping the
different sorts separate. Leave a place for
parsnips, salsify and turnips which are best
only after they have gone through a_ good
freeze. Cover the pit with straw then
dirt, then more straw and dirt as the
weather warrants.

Cabbage for storing should be pulled,
not cut, and stood upside down, close to-
gether in a shallow part of the trench.

Gardens and the Community

Do you exhibit at your County or State
Fair? There are three main reasons why
you should: First, the competitive stimulus
makes for better gardens; second, by com-
ing in contact with other people and their
work you get new ideas for your own plot;
and, third, by taking part in the fair you
contribute to its success and thereby help
forward a good, wholesome movement.

If there is no such exhibition open to
you, get some of your gardening friends
together and plan a little competition
for your own village. Pick a committee
to choose the best kept home grounds, the
best planned flower garden, the most
successful vegetable garden, the most
delicious home-made jellies and jams, etc.
Ask your State Horticultural Society or
your State Board of Agriculture to help
and advise you. If there is a Grange
nearby, it might codperate. Even it you
do nothing more ambitious, get the chil-
dren interested.

Secretary American
Peony Society

Peony Bloom for the Longest Season—By A. P. Saunders,

NOW IS THE TIME TO PLANT—SOME VARIETIES OF HIGH QUALITY THAT WILL

GIVE THE BEST OF FLOWERS IN ALL

EONIES begin to make fine white rootlets in autumn, and

continue this growth through the winter and spring. After
the blooming season there is a ripening-off time, and then a stage
when the plant is almost dormant. This is the time for trans-
planting, and in most latitudes it falls in September and October.
Roots may also be set in spring if it is necessary, but spring
planting should be avoided (as a rule). When the roots are re-
ceived from the nursery they should be un-
packed at once, and if they are dry they
should be moistened by dipping into a pail
of water. They should then be planted at once:
but if this is not possible, cover them with moss
or earth and put into a cool cellar. The one thing not
to do is to leave them exposed to dry air or sunlight.

Nothing in the culture of peonies is more important

than getting them properly planted. The peony is a
gross feeder, and, for a herbaceous plant, a deep rooter,
therefore we should see to it that the
plants have good rich earth for a con-
siderable depth. Dig holes
two and a half feet across , @ >
and two and a half feet
deep; put
in the bot-
tom half a
barrow load of
cow manure, of
well-rotted
horse manure;

ad

>

con-

tact with
manure.
Peonies are hard
to kill, but if any-
thing will do it, it
would be planting the
roots directly against
fresh manure. If pos-
sible get the holes pre-
pared a few weeks before
the time when the roots
will arrive.

It is of the greatest
importance that the roots

y
Ey

then fill up
the rest of the hole
withrich soft loam,
mixed about half
and half with leaf mold.
See to it that the
roots are never set in

The old-fashioned double crimson early fiowering peony (Paeonia officinalis)

COLORS OVER THE LONGEST PERIOD

should be set at just the right depth in the ground, and this is
accomplished when the buds or ‘“‘eyes” are two or three inches
below the surface. Do not think it will do just as well to set
them higher than this and then add a little more earth and
mound it up over the crown; for this extra little heap will soon wash
away and leave the crown of the plant exposed, after which no fine
bloom can be expected. If set too deeply the plants will take
longer than usual to establish themselves.

Peonies are “fussy”? about being moved. After
moving they take two years at least before they begin

to bloom at all well, and the finest blooms cannot be

counted on before the third year after setting; yes,
with some varieties even the fourth or fifth year.
™~ Hence it is not of great advantage to
i buy large clumps, unless for pur-
poses of propagation. Buy what are
called one-year or two-year plants
and by the time they have been in the
ground long enough to bear fine blooms
they will have grown into quite good-
sized clumps.

The peonies commonly grown
— the herbaceous peony — are
derived by hybridization from two

species of Peonia namely P. offici-
nalis, exemplified in the old double
ie crimson (early-flowering) peony that
Br asiieaaee is in almost every yard, and P. albi-

= ©. __ flora or Sinensis, the Chinese peony, to which
belong most of the magnificent garden peonies.
But there are other natural species and, from
some of these, groups of lovely garden va-
rieties have also been produced. Their name

is legion, single and double, and the beginner
may well stand confused at the host; each
grower will have his special favorites, and I
am no exception. Yet in this article I have
tried to suggest what I consider the best sorts
for one who wants to have in his garden the
best there are from the end of May till the early
days of July in the latitude of Northern New York.
The dates would fall earlier in more southerly or
more westerly regions. Also they vary a good deal
from season to season; I use here this season’s dates.

There is an early yellow-flowered species
called P. Wittmanniana upon which M. Lemoine
the French hybridist has lately made some crosses which
will be the starting point of a new race of extra early-flowering
sorts, coming into bloom in the month of May, in northern
latitudes. Some of the varieties already produced are of great
beauty, resembling a clump of great pale pink water-lily blooms.
Unfortunately they are not as yet easy to find in catalogues, and
are rarely to be seen in gardens. But they have a future before
them when they become better known.

While these are still on, there come in those marvels of floral
creation, the Japanese tree peonies. These go back to a primitive
species, P. Moutan, and are distinguished by having a permanent
woody growth above ground. It is stretching matters a little to
call them trees, but they do grow four or five feet high even in
cold climates. I say, without hesitation, that the blooms of
these plants are more wonderful for beauty of form, texture, and
color combined, than anything else I have ever seen. And they
are large. The Japanese catalogues say unblushingly of some
sorts, “flowers fifteen inches in diameter.” Mine have never

92 GM_ October

aa

OcTosBeER, 1912

THE

GARDEN

MAGAZINE

93

The single herbaceous peonies are unfortunately rather

(The Bride, white)

run over ten and a half inches, but they
very commonly measure eight to nine
inches and over, and that is enough for
ordinary needs.

The plants are rather troublesome to
grow, and their culture forms a special
chapter not for this moment. As_ to
varieties, all of the single ones that I have
seen are fine, and many of the doubles also.
The sorts of Japanese origin run somewhat
finer in quality than those which have been
originated in Europe; nevertheless many
of the latter are superb. Some of our own
peony growers now offer the tree peonies
in their catalogues, and the Japanese roots
can be had through the Japanese importing
houses.

_ While the tree peonies are still going on
—and they last from late in May till
toward the middle of June — we have the
varieties of P. officinalis mentioned above;
and of these there are a few fine ones, be-
sides the old double crimson. There are
single crimsons with clusters of golden
stamens that make grand garden plants;
one of these is called Lucida, another
Sabini. There is a deep mahogany colored
sort called striata elegans in which the
stamens have been transformed into narrow
petals, giving the flower a very unusual
character. Finally there is a charming
pale cherry red variety known as Otto
Froebel, which I first saw at Highland Park
in Rochester.

With the earliest officinalis varieties
comes in the little fern-leaved peony, P.
tenuifolia. This never makes much of a
plant but is always acceptable on account of
its brilliant crimson-red color.

_Of the other species that bloom at this
season I have seen none that are good
enougn in color to deserve a place in the
garden. Among those I have thrown away
are P. decora, P. triternata, P. corallina.
Such things belong in botanical collections
where shades of red and purple are left to
fight it out among themselves.

And now the decline of the tree peonies

“weedy ’’ growers,

and the officinalis sorts usher in the grand
season, the full tide of the Chinese kinds.
Of these much the earliest to bloom are
some of the singles, of which I especially
like The Bride, single white. Imagine
forty or fifty shining “white water-lilies in
a bouquet, and you ‘have a picture of it.

This root will make a good plant

Double peonies last a long time and are eaually decorative in the garden
or as cut flowers (La Rosiere)

Nevertheless let the beginner be warned
against filling his precious space with single
peonies. There are a few good ones, and
among those of the so-called Japanese type,
which are practically singles, there are some
fine things. But single peonies, generally
speaking, are weedy growers, the blooms do
not last long, they smell bad while they are
on, and in the end they go the primrose
way to the dump heap; or, much worse,
stay in the garden and take up space that
should be given to better things. The
Bride comes in with us about June 10 to 15,
and immediately afterward the earliest
doubles begin to open. Of these— Edulis
Superba, one of the very first, is always
worth having for its perfume. ‘Not ev ery-
one knows the pleasures the peony
offers to the nose. There are peonies which
cannot be distinguished from June roses
unless they are seen. And there are others
the peony lover thinks smell quite as
deliciously, as tea roses, though with an
odor all their own.

I name now a few varieties for early,
midseason, and late, grouping them at the
same time by color.

Of the early whites there is still nothing
better than Festiva Maxima, though this
variety is now seventy-five years old and
there are many that have been produced
since. Of other early whites I like Can-
didissima for its honey-sweet fragrance,
but no early white that I know except
Festiva Maxima can rank with the aris-
tocracy of this noble flower.

The mid-season whites offer two or three
of the finest blooms in the list: Baroness
Schroeder and Duchesse de Nemours
(Calot). There is another variety under
the name of Duchesse de Nemours, which
was originated by Verdier, but it is quite
inferior. To these two must be added La
Rosiére, a flat semi-double flower in creamy
white, with a group of yellow statems in
the centre. The blooms come in great
clusters of five or six onastem. While this
is not a fine exhibition variety and never

94.

gives blooms of the largest size, it is still
delightful for the garden. In late whites
there is one superb variety, Marie Lemoine.

Now we turn to that group of peonies
which contains several of the most charming
kinds we have — those in which there is a
combination of colors, cream or yellow
with flesh color or pink, producing an effect
of warmth and delicacy that is unsurpass-
able. Of these I name Carnea Elegans
(Calot), Jeanne d’Arc, Dr. Bretonneau
(Guerin) Marie Stuart, Madame de Vatry.
All of these are early or mid-season sorts.
Tf I could have just one it should be one of
the first two, but the dreadful alternative
of deciding which one is fortunately not
before me. Carnea Elegans should be given
a little shade, as in strong sunlight its
delicate colors fade out to a toneless white.
Indeed those who will enjoy the full beauty
of color in the soft pink and creamy varie-
ties should always cut a few blooms of each
kind just as they are blowing open, and
keep them in a cool room in the house.
Here I must name Philoméle, witha collar
of broad pink petals and a tuft of honey-
yellow narrow petals in the centre.

Another group of exquisite blooms are
those in shades of pale flesh pink and pale
mauve pink. Thérése, one of the very
early ones; in mid-season, Marie Crousse,
in a unique shade of palest, almost salmon,
pink; and Venus, a grand tall flower; later,

THE, GARDEN

MAGAZINE

Eugéne Verdier; and last, Madame Boul-
anger, each one indispensable, inimitable,
incomparable!

It must now be frankly confessed that,
in shades of full pink, there are no such
colors in Chinese peonies as we could wish.
If only we could bring over from the tree
peonies some of their coppery pinks and
glowing cherry reds! The purplish tone
will not ‘‘out;” and so there are of rose-
pink peonies few that are any better in
color, than, say, a Paul Neyron rose.
There are many fine large flowers here it is
true, and in Livingstone, Claire Dubois,
M. Jules Elie, and many others we have
excellent show varieties and fine garden
objects, as also in the mid-season full red
sort, Felix Crousse.

But I go over with much more satisfac-
tion to the true deep reds, of which there
are now quite a group of unequalled rich-
ness of color. Many of the old deep reds
were purplish, or turned purple, but these
of which I now speak are the darkest
mahogany in tone, and when they change,
they turn black. The best of them is M.
Martin Cahuzac; but close at his heels
come Adolphe Rousseau, Edouard André,
Volcan, Raphael — all fine, and of merit
roughly in the order as given, but the
last four are nearly equal in quality.

Almost all the varieties named are plainly
of French origin, from their names; and a

OcTrospeER, 1912

word must now in justice be said of some
fine sorts that have been raised in this
country. From John Richardson, who
lived in the last century near Boston, we
have a number of distinct varieties, several
fine. Of superb beauty are his Perfection
and Grandiflora. There is some doubt of
the correctness of the latter name as or-
dinarily applied, but the flower I have in
mind is very distinct, enormous in size,
full flesh pink in color, very flat in form,
and extra late. Perfection is nearly the
same in color and almost equally late, but
a globular bloom.

I cannot name here all who in this coun-
try have contributed to the improvement of
the peony, but there died last year in Mas-
sachusetts, George Hollis, who has left us a
large group of seedlings, some of great
merit. There is Glory for those who love
the bizarre —a cup of pink filled with a
wild mélée of yellow and pink narrow
petals. One of the finest of his legacies is
Maud L Richardson, often the last to
bloom in the garden, a beautiful, flat, pale
pink bloom with little yellow petals hidden
in the mass of pale rose; the stems this
year measured four and a half feet from
the ground.

Go to the peony exhibitions and visit
the great peony nurseries when the flowers
are in full bloom and select and reject
according to your own inner preferences.

This is the kind of fiower garden that gives big results for little labor.

a t

Plant one now!

In large gardens the tool house may be a sensible cottage and general ‘‘office’’
for all-around purposes

}
SRC)

An ornamental treatment of the approach to the tool house can become a

garden feature

Buildings in The Home Grounds

UCH of the fun of gardening lies in

the tools. I am sure of this because

of the supreme content of my former next-

door neighbor in his chosen recreation.

No man ever found greater happiness in the

hour spent every evening caring for his

home grounds than did that kindly old
Bostonian.

“Tf you would enjoy gardening look to
your tools,’’ he sometimes told me as I
struggled with a refractory lawn mower.
“Take good care of them and keep them
where they are needed.”

His was the right idea; it eliminated all
the drudgery, leaving only the unalloyed
pleasure of the thing itself. He never
searched for anything nor carried it a long
distance. Whatever implement he hap-
pened to want in the warfare against bugs,
weeds, drouth or too rapid growth of lawn
and hedge was to be found at a moment’s
notice in a charming little vine-clad shed
in the very midst of his garden.

“Gardening is recreation, not hod-
carrying,’ he used to say, and a recreation
he certainly made of it. The little tool
shed was handy to the lawn, the flower beds
and the vegetable garden. Inside, there
was a place for everything and each article
could invariably be found there. His tools
themselves were an inspiration, always
housed for protection when not in use
summer and winter, and free from rust
because of the dry little shed in which they
were kept and his thoughtfulness to rub
them over occasionally with a cloth on
which a little kerosene had been poured.

Delight in gardening needs only con-
ditions such as these and a love of growing

things. Too many of us leave our tools
about the grounds where they are unsightly,
or store them under a piazza or in a cellar
where rain or dampness rusts them. Soon
we must buy new ones, and there is little
pleasure in the use of the rusty ones while
they last. Another favorite way is to
throw tools into a corner of the shed, stable
or garage, where they are constantly in the
way, often damaged, and usually must be
hunted for and then carried a long distance
to the garden. And yet some of us some-
times think there is a lot of unavoidable
hard work connected with gardening!

A separate tool room in the shed, stable,
or garage is a good idea, but better still is
the separate tool shed in the midst of the
garden. A pergola might do much worse
than to lead from a house to a tool shed,
provided, of course, that the house is suited
to such a treatment. A pergola should
always lead to something of importance,
although many of them do not.

Very often in this or one of several other
ways a separate tool shed may prove a
welcome adjunct as an architectural garden
feature if consistently treated. The italics
are used advisedly, for an inordinate desire
for picturesqueness in our gardens has led
some of us to such extrermes, for instance,
as Japanese pagoda tool sheds and rustic
summer houses about our staid old New
England Colonial residences. Such rad-
ically opposed units cannot live in harmony,
as a house must with its outbuildings, if
there is to be restfulness in the home pic-
ture. Of course the prime requisite of
any structure is that it fulfil its mission;
but that outbuilding is best which does so

95

I. Toot SHED — By Phil M. Riley

unobtrusively, attracting little attention
to itself, and playing the subordinate réle
of accessory to the house itself, which
dominates every peaceful view of any small
estate.

In such an outbuilding the spirit of the
house is reproduced in characteristic details
of style, materials, or both. The house is
the key to the design and construction of
its outbuildings; if it be New England
Colonial, that feeling is best reflected in
the smaller structure; if it be Italian Re-
naissance, a similar spirit will prove most
pleasing and harmonious. It is in the
trim, the doors and the windows, for the
most part, that the spirit of the house can
be reflected, for it is in them that the use
of the orders and of characteristic orna-
mentation is seen. The less of the latter
the better, however; simplicity is the charm
of any outbuilding. Diamond paned, lat-
tice windows with,wooden shutters, a touch
of weathered half timbering in the gables,
an effect of thatch in the use of shingles
are details well suited to utilize in an out-
building to accompany a stucco house of
Elizabethan feeling. Sliding windows with
many small, square panes, doorways and
wood trim of the simplest Classic designs
are well suited for use in the neighborhood
of Colonial houses. Every style has its
typical details and motives one or two of
which give the appropriate impress to an
outbuilding.

Always there is greater harmony when
every building on the grounds is of the same
materials, side walls and roof, whether it
be shingles, clapboards, siding; brick, stone,
stucco, or concrete for the former, and

\

Even the most unpretentious shed can be trellised
with vines

shingles, slate, tile or the more modern
patent coverings for the latter. In the
various types of Colonial so common in the
Eastern states all of these side wall materials
are to be found; the older among them were
every one used in early American buildings,
including both field and cut stone, and it
has been found in recent years that the
trim, doors and windows of Colonial styles
are so distinctive that the true Colonial
feeling can be created with stucco and con-
crete now so popular. In fact, such work
has a precedent of appearance in the old
plastered houses of brick and stone.

There is, of course, a difference in the
cost of these materials, but in a small struc-
ture the total increase or saving does not
begin to equal the satisfaction of suit-
ability. Wooden construction is the cheap-
est and varies little whether shingles, clap-
boards or siding cover the walls. Stucco
over metal lath costs about five per cent
more; over hollow tile, twelve and a half
per cent. more. Brick costs 7 to 10 per
cent. more for an eight-inch wall. Stone
of any sort varies widely with the distance
from supply and the cost of labor.

Cedar shingles furnish the cheapest roof
covering at about $6 a square (100 sq. ft.)
and should last fifteen years. Heart cypress
shingles at about $10 a square will last
from thirty to fifty years on a roof. On
side walls cypress shingles will practically
wear out before rotting.

Of the permanent, fireproof coverings
asbestos shingles cost about $15 a square;
slates cost $12 to $18; and tile costs $18
to $22. All of these are to be had in a
variety of shapes, sizes and colors. Metal
tile of tin or galvanized iron painted sup-
plies a good fire resisting roof at $9 to
$10.50 a square. A covering of standing
seam tin can be had for about the same
money. These metal roofs require paint-
ing every two or three years.

The size and interior arrangement of a

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

tool house must depend upon individual
requirements, but it is well to. remember
that the domination of one dimension makes
for good appearance, while the cubical is
usually ugly. Keep the whole effect low.
Let the length of the floor plan be greater
than its width, the principal side or sides
wider than the height, and then screen out
by appropriate planting the conspicuous
fact that the ends are of greater height
than breadth; make it possible to see only
the best aspects of your outbuilding.
Lilacs, catalpa and cherry trees are par-
ticularly suitable. Sufficient floor room, a
work bench with drawers beneath, at least
two windows for light and ventilation, and
absence of dampness usually answer the
average requirements. The spade, hoe
rake, watering pot and many other tools
may be hung on the wall, but the lawn
mower, hose reel, lawn, sprinkler, rubbish
can and all such things occupy floor space.
Be sure to allow room enough for them.
For the foundation, excavate a trench
twelve inches wide, toa depth below frost,

If you have a greenhouse the tool house and potting
room may be combined

and fill with concrete consisting of one part
Portland cement, three parts sand and six
parts gravel. This need not extend higher
than six inches above ground level. When
hard, erect the stud framework, remember-
ing that the effect of concrete can be had
with stucco over metal lath at much less
expense, there usually being little need of
fireproof construction in a small tool house.
Absence of dampness must now be secured
by the choice of suitable materials and
proper construction. The matter is im-
portant because of the damage done by
rust to hand machines, tools and metallic
implements of any sort. By the use of
dry lumber, tar building paper and by
double boarding, the desired result is
attained. The building paper should be
placed between the outside boarding and
the shingles, clapboards or siding; between
the boarding and the roof covering; and
between the first and finish floors. The
latter should both be matched and laid at

OcToBER, 1912

right angles to each other. A good finish
for the interior is to sheath walls and ceiling
over the studs and joists.

The waterproofing of stucco or concrete
is accomplished by incorporating suitable
materials in the mixture or by application
of surface finishes. Clay free from vege-
table matter and in a finely powdered state
may be mixed with the cement. Two to
fiye per cent. of the weight of sand in the
mixture used is about right. As an exterior
finish a mixture of alum and lye in water is
effective. Use one pound of lye and three
pounds of alum dissolved in two gallons of
water, applying to the green surface with a
calcimining brush. There are also on the
market several excellent patented water-
proofing preparations.

Spruce or hemlock at about equal cost
make the best stud frame, while for ex-
terior finish several woods are available.
There is cypress, the most enduring of
woods, at $50 a thousand. It contains
little resin, offering a good surface for
paint which it holds well. Soft yellow fir
from the Northwest is now much used at
$40 a thousand. Like cypress it takes
both stain and paint. The cheapness and
durability of Southern pine has led to its
extensive use; in fact, in this vicinity it
stands first, with cypress second. Pine
from North Carolina at $35 a thousand is
less than that from Georgia and just as
good. It does not take paint so well as
cypress or white pine, and it was very
largely to meet the requirement thus im-
posed that wood stains and dyes came into
being. Creosote is the basis of most of
them; they never crack or peel but sink
into and preserve the wood. Anything
Colonial is better painted white.

A material saving, even in so small a
building as a tool house, can be effected by
making use of standard sizes of doors,
windows and frames, and stock patterns
of columns, brackets, mouldings, etc.

Seer

Good tools are essential. They cost money and should
be given due care

c How To Buy Nursery Stock—py

UST where to look for value and what
to recognize as defects are the problems

that confront private buyers of nursery
stock nearly every season. Discounting
completely the lack of uniformity as to
measurements in all nursery catalogues
and opinions as to “‘best”’ sorts, the one
important question “what constitutes tree
value” remains unanswered most of the
time.

Price, size, and quality talk (in the order
named) usually guide the plenter in the
selection of nursery stock. Yet not one of
these factors is a gauge by which to measure
finally (when opening the bale), whether
or not you have your money’s worth.

A tree has three parts: the root system,
the trunk, and the head. Every well-
grown tree should have a root system which
properly balances the head and the con-
necting trunk should be in proportion with
the two extremities. As soon as one is
out of proportion with the other two,
the tree is not built along correct
lines. It is either faulty in having
more top than the limited root system can
support, or it may have a slimmer trunk
than is good for the crown; or the trunk
may be altogether too long, discounting a
properly developed head.

A good root system is important as the
basis of a good tree. But this root system
depends upon three factors: (1) the stock
on which the tree is grafted; (2) the soil on
which it has been grown; and (3) the
method of cultivation which it has received
in the nursery row. And this last con-
sideration is easily the most important.

Have you ever seen a young tree, the
toot system of which consisted of four or
five strong, badly “butchered” tap roots
and a very few fibrous or lateral roots?
Such a tree has been permitted to grow in
the nursery row undisturbed for a number
of years. It may have been cultivated, but
no effort was made to develop a correct
root system by repeated transplantings.
Frankly such a tree is not worth planting.
In most cases, after being set out, it ails a
long time and when it finally recovers from
the shock, it has lost its owner more time
and money than it was worth.

Some soils are better adapted than others
to the production of good nursery stock;
Ohio is famous for berry bushes, while
apples thrive to perfection in Kansas and
other middle western states. Again trees
differ in their habits of growth. Apples
have more fibrous roots than cherries while
peaches have as many fibrous roots as
apples, or more. Look for ample fibrous
roots among currants, for fewer among
raspberries, and for plenty of stout tap
roots among blackberries.

As to the best stock on which the trees
should be grafted, nurserymen disagree.
French crab apple seedlings, natural or
mountain grown peach seeds, quince and
plum roots — all play their parts. When-

GM Oct. 1912

ever you can find positive statements as
to what sort of seedlings was used for the
grafting process, select the hardiest and
let the rest of your success depend upon
correct planting and proper treatment after-
ward. But before planting, examine the
place where the scion was grafted on the
seedling. See that this “union”’ is free of
the defects mentioned later.

A well developed trunk ranks second in
importance. With a good root system
below and a good trunk to carry nourish-
ment above the scil, the planter need
worry little about the head or crown.
With the trunk, the most important
point is the diameter, or circum-
ference, or (to use the trade
term) caliper.

The caliper of a tree counts,
rather than its height, and when
all nurserymen become uni-

formly specific about the cali-
per, we will have better trees
in general and better orch-
ards. Many one-year-old
tall “whips” are sold at
prices to which they are not

entitled, simply on the
strength of the statement
that these trees are five,
six or more feet tall, as
the case may be. In
states with a long grow-
ing season, ome-year-

old switches or
“whips” may attain
a height of five to six
feet which would be
misleading as a mea-
sure of quality, taken
alone. Beware of
such by making in-
quiry as to “cali-
per.”

Fruit trees of uni-
form age may be
bought at three

different calipers,
though they all
grew in the
same nursery

row. When
they aredug
they are
graded
accord-
ing to
size

See that the bundle has a certificate stating that
the nursery is free from disease

97

Adolph Kruhm, oui.

and caliper. Some nurseries mark these
different sizes with a series of X’s;_ others
call them first, second and third grades;
still others give the actual caliper measure-
ments. The last method is the most de-
pendable — you know what you buy and
what to expect.

When asking ‘“‘what shall I buy” the
amateur should remember the advice of all
practical nurserymen is against old stock.
“Buy two-year-old trees of strongest
caliper” is what you will be told, and the
reasons for this are sound. A one-year-old
tree has too weak and light a root system
to stand ordinary transplanting methods.
A three-year-old tree is too firmly estab-
lished to undergo transplanting without a
serious setback and shock. [Of course the
handling of older specimen plants is not here
at issue—such are specially prepared for that
special purpose and are costly in proportion
to the care that has been given. — Eps.]

Finally as to the head or crown of the
tree. It should be symmetrical, well-
balanced, low on the trunk, and consist of
numerous short but strong branches. The
bushier and more compact the crown, the
better the results assured; the stouter the
individual branches, the better a finished
tree may be expected.

No hard and fast rules can be laid down
for judging the crown of a tree. The home
whence it comes is to a great measure a
better indication of what it is going to be.
Only the most rigorous subsequent training
can overcome faults developed on a crown of
a tree during the earlier stages of its growth.

POINTS TO LOOK OUT FOR

Some of the desirable characteristics of
dormant nursery stock as well as the most
noticeable constitutional defects in the
different classes are here given. It is im-
possible for average planters, to whom I
belong, to discover, understand and set
forth all the arguments in favor of or
against certain types of nursery stock.
Only an experienced grower could do this,
and his lips are usually sealed. Common
sense and a rudimentary knowledge of the
principles governing all forms of plant life
will help the planter to decide near enough
in most cases whether the plants are worth
their price.

Before going into detail, a word with
reference to “grafting” and “budding”
might bein order. Both methods are good;
and statements made in favor of one or
the other are opinions, not facts. In the
East, for example, all apple seedlings are
budded during June, July and August.
The “bud” or ‘“‘eye” is inserted into a
“T” shaped slit in the seedling about an
inch above the ground, properly bandaged
with rafha until the bud sets, when the
bandage is taken off. The following spring,
the seedling is cut off just above the bud.
Two years afterward the planter gets this
tree as “two-year-old” size.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

OcToBER, 1912

Caliper measure is the only sure stand-
ard to go by

In the West all apples are grafted, be-
cause the soil there makes grafted stock a
better success and it is cheaper. Grafting
is done during the winter months. A seed-
ling or its root is slit open, likewise a scion.
The two are joined, wrapped with graft-
ing wax, packed in small boxes in sand, and
placed in a frost-proof cellar. In this dor-
mant state they remain until spring when
the union has somewhat formed. They are
then planted into rows and in two years
make such trees as shown in the illustration.

Though the methods employed differ,
the results do not vary greatly so long as
the material and workmanship utilized
are first class.

Apples.— French crap apple seedlings
grown in this country or France are doubt-
less the best for the foundation of a good
apple tree, because these seedlings have a
splendid root system. In late years, many
apple seedlings have been produced in the
ideal soil of the Kaw Valley between Law-
rence and Topeka in the state of Kansas.

Probably 75 per cent. of all the apple
seedlings used in the country are now pro-
duced there.

It is important that scion and _ root
should be of as uniform size as possible,
when grafted. The disregard of this rule
is responsible for both crown gall and hairy
root, two physical defects due to incom-
plete or imperfect union of scion and root.
Crown gall is a knotty growth where the
union was formed, while hairy root is a
ball-like growth of hairy roots in the same
place. Both are often caused by grafting a
larger scion than the root will hold and both
deformities undoubtedly make the tree
short-lived.

A good apple tree should have three or

Apple trees should have more fibrous
roots than cherries

apples

four strong tap roots and some smaller
roots. The union should be well healed
over, trunk and head of tree should be well
proportioned and have a clean appearance.
See that the bale of trees contains state-
ment on tag that the trees were treated for
root-aphis by fumigation before leaving
the nursery.

Cherries. Most are budded on French

Look for a mass of fibrous roots on currants

Look for well developed heads on crab

Cherry trees. Compare with the apples
to the left

mahaleb — a stock grown from sour cherry
pits. Some growers have planted sweet
cherry pits of late which produce the maz-
zard stock. So far, French mahaleb has
proven the most dependable.

While cherry trees are an ideal fruit for
home grounds, some attention should be
paid by planters as to which class does best
in different sections. Sweet cherries thrive
in the Eastern states and in the far West.
In the middle West they grow, but I have
never known one to bear fruit. Sour
cherries of the Duke and Morello type do
well anywhere, and are fine for every pur-
pose.

Cherry trees are entirely free from dis-
eases, on which account nurserymen like
to handle them most. They have but few
roots, two or three is all one finds any time.
But this is the nature of the tree rather
than a physical defect.

Peaches. The finest trees are those
budded or grafted on peach seedlings raised
from pits of wild peaches, which grow
abundantly in the mountain region of
Tennessee. These seedlings bring with
them the sturdiness of that country, are,
exceptionally hardy and practically free
from disease. They make healthier and
thriftier trees than those grown on or- -
dinary seedlings raised from pits collected
in canning factories.

Young peach trees are never as sturdy
as apple trees. They should have a more
compact and more fibrous root system,
however, while smooth, shapely trunk and
a many branched head are essential to
quick and profitable results with the full-
grown tree.

Pears. Are grafted or budded on French
pear seedlings. The dwarf forms are

OcToBER, 1912

budded on quince roots imported from
France. It is this factor which causes the
sort to become dwarf. Pear trees usually
have one strong tap root which sometimes
divides itself into three or four branch roots.
They thrive best in heavy clay soil in which
they resist blight best. Pears are free from
disease and easily grown.

Plums. Are of two distinct types —
the European and the Japanese. The
European sorts, of which the German
prune is the best, are easily the most im-
portant for the Eastern states. They are
budded on French plum seedlings, which
furnish a sound and very hardy foundation.
The Japanese sorts are usually budded on
peach seedlings because these grow quicker
and are cheaper, though they no doubt
shorten the life of the tree. Japanese plums
cannot be recommended generally because
in most sections they freeze nine years
out of ten.

Apricots. Are budded entirely on peach
seedlings and may be judged along the same
lines as peach trees. More frank statements
on the part of nurserymen in connection
with this fruit would save American
planters thousands of dollars every year.
They are grown successfully only in South-
ern California — everywhere else they
freeze. [Not so! We know of fruiting
trees right in New York City — Editors.]

Quinces. Are budded on quince seed-
lings for which reason they make a dwarf,
bush-like growth. They have usually short
trunks and low, bushy heads. The root
system should consist of a few short but
strong tap-roots and a number of smaller
rootlets. Quinces may be set ro by 10 feet
apart. They are free from disease, bear
faithfully and the fruits keep well.

Berry plants. All those mentioned below
are grown from cuttings. The root system
which subsequently develops, depends

THE GARDEN

very much upon the soil in which the plants
are grown. Currants have the most
fibrous root system of them all, roots of
ideal plants being almost as strong and
heavy as the stalks. In grape vines, we
find a complete reversion of the usual order
of things, as a good grape plant should
have more roots than branches. With
raspberries, look for some stout tap roots
and numerous fibrous roots, while with
blackberries and gooseberries the tap-
roots are predominating.

Some Practical Reasons for
Planting Now

T PAYS to plant nursery stock in the
fall (except in the extreme North and
South) for a variety of reasons. The only
reason why it is not more practised is be-
cause these facts are not generally known.
Fall is the most logical time to transplant
trees and shrubs of all kinds, because they
are then completely at rest. No quick
awakening threatens to handicap work at
any time, as nearly always happens in the
spring, when the sap begins to run very
suddenly. While the branches and trunks
are dormant, the root system starts active
work at once and begins to establish the
tree in its new home.

The soil is usually in ideal condition in
the fall, thoroughly warm and mellow, with
the fertility of a long growing season stored
in it. The newly planted tree gets the
benefits of all the late fall and early spring
rains, of which trees planted in the spring
are usually deprived to the detriment of
that summer’s growth. Experiments have
proven that bruises and wounds on both
roots and trunk heal over more quickly
in the fall than in the spring.

The planter has plenty of time in the

Raspberries have fewer tap roots than blackberries, which have hardly anything else

ra

MAGAZINE

99

A good grape vine has considerably more roots than
it has top

fall to attend properly to the planting
operations, while in the spring, garden work
usually presses so hard that tree planting
is done too hurriedly. Fifty per cent. of
all failures with trees are due to improper
planting methods. ‘Dig the holes big
enough” is the advice that nurserymen
should present strongly and repeatedly on
every piece of printed matter they send out.
“Tramp soil tightly, but carefully around
the roots” is another necessary advice.
The season will take care of the moisture
supply when stock is planted in the fall.

Some remarkable trials conducted by
Prof. J. C. Whitten (and reported in detail
in THE GaRDEN MacGazIneE for October,
1911) proved that fall planted fruit trees
would outgrow their spring planted broth-
ers every time under all circumstances.
With small fruits, such as grapes, currants,
all kinds of berry plants, the fall planter
actually gains a whole year because these
bushes will bear fruit the following summer.
Roses, hardy herbaceous plants, spring-
flowering shrubs, etc., are best transplanted
in the fall. Spring usually comes so sud-
denly in most sections of the country that
these can hardly ever be transplanted soon
enough at that season without their growth
becoming seriously checked for that year.
It is assumed that the planter will mulch
all newly set plants the first winter.

One final message that should make fall
planting look more attractive to all planters:
Nurserymen dig from new “blocks” of
trees in the fall and, because they are less
crowded with work at that season, they
usually select especially fine trees with
critical care to create a satisfied customer.
Even if there is no time to plant the trees
promptly upon arrival, they may be
“‘trenched” or ‘heeled in” and carried
safely through the winter ready to be
planted in the spring.

Hardy Bulbs for Present Planting — By A. Herrington,

GETTING THE GREATEST EFFECTIVENESS BY PLANTING IN MIXED BORDERS —
THE KINDS THAT WILL INCREASE AND GIVE BETTER RESULTS YEAR BY YEAR

| Pee need and purpose for October
planting is so that the bulbs take hold
of the ground forthwith, as they proceed
to do by immediately putting forth roots.
This is a decided benefit to them. Con-
siderable root growth should take place
before hard frost penetrates the ground.
When the ground is frozen to the depth of
several inches, it is desirable to cover the
bulb bed with salt hay or some such cover-
ing, to hold the frost in the ground and
prevent alternations of thawing and freez-
ing with weather changes. This covering
is to be removed gradually in early spring.

Fall bulb planting in most cases begins
and ends in the somewhat perfunctory
planting of a few hyacinths, tulips and
daffodils. That and nothing more! Yet
there are hosts of lovely bulbous plants,
strangers to most gardens, that ought to be
planted by the hundred. They are inex-
pensive and they alone can give us the very
earliest flashes of color on the heels of de-
parting winter. Moreover most of them are
permanent, and increase if just left alone.
The bulb lists offer them every year, but
planters of them are few. We are largely
dependent upon the bulb family for what-
ever early spring beauty we may have in our
garden. Then why not plant bulbs in larger
numbers and greater variety and do it now,
not lose another year before making a start.

Too many people plant bulbs in the fall
with the sole thought of digging them up in
the spring to make way for summer flowers.
There are hosts of bulbs that maybe planted
in the garden under totally different con-
ditions because they need no care or after
attention, no costly annual renewal, but
go on increasing from year to year in
numbers and beauty.

I make this statement, having especially
in mind a colony of the blue Siberian squill,
Scilla Sibirica, that every spring covers the
ground with a carpet of blue between and
among a large group of Rosa rugosa bushes.
The original bulbs of this colony were
planted seventeen years ago and they have
never been renewed but they have multi-
plied a hundredfold by natural increase.

There are numerous families of these
“lesser” bulbs as we might call them, not
because they are less important in any well
considered spring garden scheme or be-
cause they have less charm or interest or
beauty, but because of their comparatively
diminutive size.

With one or two exceptions, as for ex-
ample the crocus family, these lesser bulbs
are hardly adapted to mass planting in beds
and borders, but they can be most pleas-
ingly disposed in informal groups or colonies
among, or in the immediate foreground of,
shrubbery groups and borders. We plant
evergreen or flowering shrubs where pos-
sible to soften the hard line where the house
rises from the ground or to fill awkward
angles. Here may be found a hundred
semi-sheltered nooks that should be liter-
ally filled with many of the “‘lesser”’ bulbs.
Lawns that are bordered and bounded by
shrubbery plantations should be bestrewn
with, or have broad marginal foreground
plantings of, the “lesser” bulbs and let
them invade the grass, too. They will be
happy there and permanent, if you will
refrain from close cutting of the grass for a
few weeks in spring.

The natural habitat of these ‘‘lesser”’
bulbs is woodland or meadow and they have
no need for, they do not require, and some
of them resent the highly cultivated, en-

A natural planting of crocus on the lawn of Country Life Press

100

Surely plant liies now for next summer’s bloom.
The new L. myriophyllum, white with glowing golden
throat flushed red-brown outside

riched beds and borders of gardens. But
among shrubs, or in grassy nooks that need
not be mown early, these bulbs can find
all the sustenance they need. Plant them
anywhere except in the beds and borders
where tillage must obtain for the success
of such other things as may be there.

Plant informally in these places, that is,
in irregular groups or masses. Do not dibble
them singly at regulation distances a few
inches apart, but preferably remove the
earth from a suitable area approximately
one to three feet in diameter and to a depth
of from three to four inches. Scatter the
little bulbs broadcast as you would seed,
from ten to fifty, according to space; then
merely place each one properly upon its
base and put back the soil.

Some of the important “lesser” bulb
families, nearly all amenable to growth in
the manner suggested, are as follows:

Snowdrop (Galanthus) is one of the first
to indicate winter’s passing away. Its
flowers are white, and there are single and
double varieties. It comes so early and in
advance of even genial spring weather that
a sheltered nook will materially aid in pro-
longing its season. G. Elwesz is the largest,
having flowers half an inch long.

The winter aconite (Eranthis) is an early
gem with a rich yellow, starry flower set in a
frill of green leaves. Under trees and among
shrubs it finds congenial conditions and in
free soils increasesand spreads with rapidity.

G. M. Oct

OcroxpeyR, 1912

Of the blue bells (Scilla), the earliest
and bluest is Scilla Sibirica. The snow has
barely melted when it appears, and no
flower of spring gives us so deep a tone of
blue. It lasts two weeks and the six inch
stalks carry from five to ten bells. A

es

The grape hyacinths. white or blue, may be natur-
alized under shrubbery, etc.

thousand bulbs would flant a goodly colony,
would cost the great sum of about ten
dollars, and would give you ten thousand
blue flowers before tree or shrub have
commenced to bud or even winter bleached
grass assumed its wonted green. Scilla
Hispanica or nutans, the blue bell of Great
Britain, is larger, but does not naturalize
well. There are rose-pink and _ white
varieties of all.

Glory of the Snow (Chionodoxa) lool's
much like a larger scilla; it will not only live
and grow and flower, but multiplies freely
by root and seed, so that a permanent
colony is- easily established. There are
several species and varieties but two suffice
to represent all that is best —C. Lucilie
with large sky blue, white-eyed flowers and
C. Sardensis,-of a deep gentian blue with
lighter centre.

Puschkinia comes near to the scilla yet
is a distinct and dainty spring gem from
the mountains of Asia Minor. Its flowers
are pale blue with a darker blue streak
through the centre. There are two well
known species—P. scilloides (about four
inches high), early, and P. Libanotica, taller
and later flowering. These, perhaps, are
not quite so self assertive and easily grown
but they are well worth while to those who
will give the little extra care needed to
establish them.

Almost counterparts of the snowdrop but

THE GARDEN

of larger size are the snowflakes (Leucojum).
The spring snowflake, L. vernum, comes
early, has a single drooping, bell-shaped
flower, white, tipped with greenish yellow.
In late spring comes L. @stivwm, a much
larger species with flowers in clusters of
from four to seven white bells on a stem a
foot or more high. It associates well with,
and is quite at home in, shrubbery.

The spring star flower (Tritelia) is a
fragrant gem of early spring days, having
a single white, blue stained flat flower over
an inch across on a long stalk. The flower
opens to the morning sun, filling the air
with a fragrance as of primroses and closes
with the day, also remaining closed on dull,
sunless days. The flowers come abund-
antly and are lasting. It is not quite so
well adapted for semi-wild plantings but
in the foreground of the hardy flower
border a colony may be planted and left
undisturbed for years.

Dog’s tooth violet (Erythronium). The
yellow adder’s tongue, £. Americanum, so
common to the woods of our eastern states,
and other western species, are worth places
in the garden. They grow naturally in
woods and thickets, so will find congenial
qualities as a ground carpet among shrubs.
The European species, £. Dens-canis, is
also a charming spring flower which natur-
alizes readily in grass. Its richly mottled
leafage is almost as pretty as the flowers,
which are variously colored from white to
deep rose.

The grape hyacinth (Muscari) is a
hyacinth in miniature, attaining only three
or four inches in height. JZ. botryoides
has tiny deep blue flowers clustered in a
long spike; and quite opposite in character
is M. comosum, with flowers oddly cut
into filaments so that they look like purple
feathers. There are others, too, one being
yellow with an odor of musk; they are all
hardy, are easily grown in bed or border,
and can be naturalized. The variety
Heavenly Blue is remarkably clear in color.

Unfortunately many of the beautiful

Scilla Sibirica shows its biue
flowers almost as soon as the
snow goes

MAGAZINE

Puschkinia scillioides,
with a central blue stripe, is
rather hard to grow

101

anemones of southern Europe fail to sur-
vive our winters, but in this great family
there are some quite hardy that can be
established under semi-wild conditions.
Four good ones, all blue, are A. blanda,
appenina, Robinsoniana, and Pulsatilla.
These have fleshy tuberous roots and
though not exactly bulbs must be planted
in the fall.

The quaint snake’s heads (Fritillaria)
have drooping bell-shaped flowers curiously
mottled and checker marked, F. Meleagris
is a good representative species with bells
afullinch deep and the same width. There
are native species, too, as F. recurva, having
bright red flowers, and F. pudica, yellow.
These two are Rocky Mountain wild
flowers. F. Imperialis, the crown imperial,
is a stately plant growing three to four
feet high, bearing a ring of drooping, clus-
tered flowers surmounted by a thick tuft of
leaves. There are red and yellow varieties.
It has an unpleasant odor when gathered
but apart from this it is one of the
noblest hardy flowers in spring. It needs
good soil; it may remain undisturbed for
years.

There are two kinds of Star of Beth-
lehem (Ornithogalum) that are hardy with
us and can be easily naturalized. They are
O. umbellatum which has clusters of white,
star-shaped flowers and looks charming
growing and flowering in grass. O. nutans
also is good in grass. It has a larger green-
ish white flower on a long, tapering spike.

There are nearly one hundred species
of crocus and many varieties. The flower-
ing time of crocuses extends through
about eight months of the year. Some of
the early autumn-flowering species, as C.
speciosus and gonatus, could be grown in
our gardens; in fact, there are quite a
number that might be naturalized in
sheltered nooks. The crocuses best known,
however, are the spring flowering ones.
The varieties are plentiful and cheap and
give a wide range of color in white, yellow,
blue and purple.

Glory-of-the-snow (Chionodoza).
is rather larger than scilla and
has flowers of blue and white

white.

Plant bulbs in masses along the borders of shrubbery
to furnish the edges

In the three great families, hyacinth,
tulip, and daffodil, the variety is bewildering
and the garden possibilities inexhaustible.
The best of them can be bought at from
two to five dollars a hundred and the mere
preparation and planting of a bed or border
entails little labor and expense.

If your little lawn is unadorned, its
simple, quiet beauty would be enhanced
to a marked degree with a few rightly dis-
posed beds or a simple border parallel to the
garden walk. Dig up the bed thoroughly
to a depth of two feet and if soil conditions
are not of the best remove the poor material
and in its place fill up with good top or
garden soil. Hereafter all you have to
do is to add a little fertilizer every year
or two to maintain fertility.

Here is a simple rule to calculate the num-
ber of bulbs or plants required for any round
bed you may make. Find out the exact
length of line of the outer circle and divide
it by the distance apart the bulbs are to
be planted. For example, given a bed 7
feet in diameter, you should allow a space
6 inches from the edge of the bed before
planting. The outer circle would then be
6 feet in diameter or approximately 18
feet long, and 54 bulbs would be required
if planted 4 inches apart. The next circle
48, the next 42, the next 36, reducing 6 each
time up to the central bulb, which would
give give a total of 271. The same rule ap-
plies of reducing by 6 each circle if the bulbs
are spaced 6 inches, 8 inches, or 1 foot
apart, the total numbers required at these
distances being 127, 78, 37. A square or
oblong bed is easily computed as all lines
are of even length. For an oval bed the
simplest calculation is to add the totals of
extreme length and width and divide by
2. Abed 8 feet by 6 equals 14 feet divided
by 2, or 7, and the required number would

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

be as for a round bed with the outer plant-
ing circle 7 feet in diameter — 410 bulbs
at 4 inches or 169 at 6 inches apart.

Hyacinths and the larger types of nar-
cissus should be planted 6 inches apart and
5 inches deep, but the early tulips may be
spaced 4 inches, giving the greater distance
to the later May-flowering types.

The varieties are so numerous in hya-
cinths, tulips, and narcissus, that it is not
easy to make a limited selection when so
many are first class. In hyacinths for
outside planting the single flowered types
are best and one can buy them in such
colors as he may desire without reference
to name. Tulips are legion but the be-
ginner in bulbs might try any of the follow-
ing: Belle Alliance or Vermilion, brilliant
red; White Hawk, Proserpine, rose; Golden
Queen, yellow; and Keizer Kroon, red and
yellow. These are all single. In doubles
Couronne des Roses, pink, and Boule de
Neige, white, are good. In late or May
flowering tulips the beginner should try
Gesneriana major, red; Mrs. Moon, yellow;
Maiden’s Blush, pink and white; Clara
Butt, soft rose; Glow, vermilion; The
Sultan, dark maroon.

In narcissus, the single trumpet flowered
varieties such as Emperor, Empress, Hors-
fieldi, Golden Spur or Sir Watkin are ad-

Hyacinths are massive looking and flower late in
spring. They need deep planting

OcroBER, 1912

The white flowers of the snow-drops appear about
the same time as the saquills

mirable for planting in beds and borders;
also the star-flowered types, such as Barri
conspicuus, incomparabilis, Stella, the
poet’s or pheasant’s eye narcissus, and the
rich yellow Jonquil rugulosus.

A beautiful way to grow the finer tulips
and the narcissus is to have them planted
in groups of ten to twenty bulbs of each
kind in a hardy flower border, interspacing
between them other hardy perennial plants.
When thus planted they may be left un-
disturbed for several years. The bare
spaces they leave in the border after they
die down can be sown with annuals.

The narcissus, too, have unlimited pos-
sibilities for naturalizing in grass and wood-
land, by stream or river. The essential
fact to bear in mind wherever bulbs are
grown, is that the leaves have a most
important part to perform in the plant’s
economy. When flowering ceases the leaves
must remain till they die naturally so that
they may mature the bulb.

The bulbous rooted lilies and iris are
other bulbs to plant now. The prevailing
practice of planting everything in spring
and little or nothing in the fall is primarily
responsible for the dearth of lilies in
gardens. A great many people only think
of lilies at Easter time, but lilies in great
variety are found all over the northern
hemisphere in America, Europe and Asia.
An unbroken succession of lily flowers is
possible from June till October, only you
must plant them before winter sets in.

In the great iris family there are two bulb-
ous types commonly known as English and
Spanish iris, and they too must be planted
now. Their diversity of color, in white,
yellow and blue shades, their freedom of
flowering, and their usefulness for cut-
ting combine to make them garden flowers
par excellence.

Select plants with a big root system rather than
a heavy top

Small Fruits for Next Year's Crop—By w. C. McCollom,

S

Make the hole considerably larger than seems
essential

Use the feet in thoroughly firming the soil when
planting

Long
Island

AN OPPORTUNITY FOR EVERY GARDEN THAT CAN BE SEIZED NOW—
HOW TO ENSURE BIG RETURNS FROM A FALL SET FRUIT BORDER

{PeeNe is such a distinct gain from
planting the small fruits in the fall
that the practice ought to be general. You
plant currants, gooseberries, raspberries,
etc., now and you gather full crops next
year. Small fruits are like bulbs indeed,
which we always remember to plant in
the fall, for spring results. Other nursery
stock generally, may equally well be
planted in either spring or fall, and the
total result will be the same. But with
small fruits you gain just so much time
because the roots can get thoroughly estab-
lished before hard winter arrives.

Once planted the small fruits demand
but little care, merely an annual pruning
and mulching will keep them in good
health and productiveness.

Proper planting is important, however.

Don’t be content with simply putting the
roots into the ground, but see to it that the
ground itself is well fitted to the plants. A
really good fruit border is such a source of
pleasure that it’s worth while making a good
beginning, especially since it’s all so simple.

Small fruits are close rooters, do not
carry any extensive root system, and can
therefore be planted or transplanted with
impunity; but although this makes our
planting task much easier it likewise means
that the plants must have good rich soil
to revel in as they are not foragers.

I have always contended that it repays to
properly trench a fruit border, because
when once established the plants will
remain for an indefinite period and without
good rich soil they can only produce fruit
of a mediocre quality. Trench the ground

two feet deep, if possible, and add two good
layers of well rotted manure during the
trenching process. Of course, commer-
cially speaking, this is out of all reason, but
while commercial growers are trying to
produce berries for profit, our aim is quality.

Trenching is not such an expensive opera-
tion. I realize, of course, that digging in
the sandy soil of Long Island is much easier
than it is in a rough, stony location, but it
is safe to say, on an average, that in one
working day of nine hours one man can
trench two hundred square feet two feet
deep, at the same time adding the manure.
If, however, you feel that this is too ex-
pensive, the next best thing is to dig the
border one spade deep, adding one layer
of manure to the soil. This will be but half
the expense and it can only be expected to

After all the planting is done prune back the currants, but not quite to the ground

103

Cane fruits, planted deeply, are cut’ back like this

104

The larger current is Perfection. Both plants grown
under the same conditions

yield results in that ratio. The common
method of spreading manure on the ground
and then digging it in is a rather poor one,
as the manure dries out and loses a good
part of its value. And furthermore, the
manure does not always get covered with
as much soil as it should. A better method
is to always keep an open trench about one
foot wide in front of you, putting the man-
ure in the bottom of each succeeding trench
as you work along; the manure being at the
bottom serves as an attraction for the roots
to grow downward rather than sideways,
which does not leave them so subject to
droughts, winter killing, etc. Plowing is,
often resorted to in preference to digging
but most gardens have either turf, box-
wood or flower borders to embellish them,
which makes plowing rather tedious and in
some cases more expensive than digging
because of the after repairs which it neces-
sitates. When there is an abundance of
room, however, and the ground can be
deeply tilled, it gives good results. Per-
sonally, however, I prefer digging.

T always mulch my fruit borders in fall.
It helps to check winter killing and prevents

English gooseberry Red Jacket — the black spot
represents the exact size of a quarter dollar on the

same scale. Photographed June 14

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

the soil from running down. I wouldn’t
think of planting anything in the fall unless
I fully intended to mulch it. Use about
three inches of good manure on the beds and
don’t put it on until the ground is partially

frozen. This tends to keep an even
condition of the soil throughout the
winter.

The most popular of the small fruits is
the raspberry. It is capable of giving
better returns for the labor involved than
any other fruit. There is a wide range
in flavor and the different types mature at
different dates too, which prolongs their
season.

There are three distinct types of rasp-
berry — the red, yellow and black. There
is also a purple, usually classed as a very
highly colored red.

For open field work plant raspberries
about three feet apart, with four feet
between the rows, if you are going to cul-
tivate with a horse; but for garden work
save space by working them on a trellis
in which case two and a half feet between the
trellis and one and a half in the row will
suffice. When planting, always put the
canes about four inches deeper than they
were at the nursery. This encourages
deep rooting and also encourages sucker-
ing, a condition generally avoided but to be
encouraged with all the cane fruits. After
planting cut off the canes a few inches
above the ground to ensure strong canes
springing up from the roots, which are cap-
able of bearing first quality fruits.

I know of no better red raspberry than
the Cuthbert, a variety by no means new,
but a good strong robust grower, not greatly
troubled by drought or disease. The ber-
ries are of good size and color and ripen
evenly, and the flavor is of the best. Sun-
scald, which is very troublesome to rasp-
berries in general, is less noticeable in
Cuthbert than in any other variety because
of the thick leathery foliage. However,
in rich, well prepared soil which encourages
deep rooting, sunscald is never trouble-
some.

King is also a good red raspberry, not as
large as Cuthbert but a little earlier. These
two make a good combination in the reds.
With me Gregg is the best black cap; I
know that it will be hard to convince people
that Cumberland is not still the leader.
This variety has stood the test of time and
is still among the leaders; it is a little more
hardy than Gregg, but in my opinion the
latter excels in quality. A common mistake
is to pick the black cap too soon; the berries
leave the plant very readily when perfectly
ripe —in fact, they almost fall off — and
that. is the proper time to gather them.
If they are not thoroughly mellow some
hard, unripened kernels will spoil the
quality.

Golden Queen is the best yellow rasp-
berry. It hasa very mild flavor being even
less acid than the red or black types. They
are said by some people to be the best
flavored of any of the raspberries and are
excellent for mixing with a few black or red
raspberries.

OcToBER, 1912

The blackberry is anything but a popular
berry and this is because when it is not well
grown it is a seedy, insipid pulp. It should
be planted in a rich soil and treated the
same as raspberries. The best early vari-
eties are Wilson Early and Snyder, both
free bearers of fair sized fruit. The latter
is extremely hardy and is considered the
highest flavored of any of the blackberries.
For main crop, which I might say is nearer
gauged by hours than by weeks, the old
variety Rathkin still leads. Taylor is
a high flavored variety and Kittatiny
can be recommended for its extreme
hardiness. The best white blackberry is
Iceberg. With me, however, the canes
winterkill considerably and the fruit is far
below the standard in flavor. Perhaps my
soil is too light and sandy.

In England currants and gooseberries.
are highly esteemed as table fruits; here
they are rarely looked upon in that light,
simply because we do not grow them.
Select the lowest end of your garden as a
planting place for these two fruits, for they
demand a heavy soil and an abundance of
moisture. Currants should have plenty of
room — four feet apart each way is none
too much. After planting cut them back
hard but not to the ground as recommended
for the cane fruits. Leave enough wood
to ensure several good strong breaks.

Prune the gooseberries after planting in
much the same way, only three feet apart
each way is sufficient for the plants. If I
were limited to one variety of currant I
should unhesitatingly select Perfection,
great large berries that ripen evenly right
to the tip. Fay’s Prolific is a good berry
but the berries are not much more than
half the size of Perfection. Both these
varieties are red fruited. In the white
fruited varieties White Grape is the best.
White varieties are excellent for table use,
because of their extreme mildness. The
black currants. are excellent for preserving.
Black Naples is the most prolific bearer
which point must be first considered when
growing fruits for this purpose. Champion
is a better, fruited variety.

If you want to grow “quality” goose-
berries try some of the English varieties.
They are perhaps a little more susceptible
to mildew but with proper spraying this
can be easily held in check. One of the
most delicious jams I have ever tasted was
made of gooseberries and _ raspberries.
Industry is the best gooseberry I know of
for quality, the fruit is extremely large,
red in color and covered with long soft
spines which is characteristic of the English
varieties and is also a trade mark of quality.
Crown Bob is also a good red variety,
Whitesmith is the best of the green or white-
fruited sorts. For table use the red fruited
sorts are by far the best.

In the American varieties Downing is
the best — in fact, it so far outranks our
other varieties that there is no room for
comparison. This variety is a tremendous
bearer, the fruit is of good flavor, fair size,
and greenish white in color, but only about
half the size of the English varieties.

The Principles of Wild Gardening —By Wilhelm Miller,

RULES FOR MAKING HARDY, PERMANENT BULBS LOOK LIKE WILD FLOWERS— THE WHOLE
STORY IN TWELVE PICTURES— UNIVERSAL MISTAKES OF BEGINNERS VS. HIGHEST IDEALS

Nature's way. Star of Bethlehem at Chestnut Hill, Pa. The finest groups. as Robinson discovered, are dense toward the centre and thin out toward the edges.
suggesting a mother and her children, or a mother country and its colonies

105

106 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE OcroBpeEeR, 1912

How not to do it. Never use straight lines, circles, squares, lozenges or A pipe dream. This is what everyone wants but you can’t have it — except
any geometrical or fancy figures. Rule 1. Plant in nature-like masses, like for one year. Crocuses in grass die out, and so do hyacinths and early tulips.
Figs. 1 and 2. (Crocuses planted by a beginner) Rule 2. Plant permanent species, e.g., daffodils .

Pr) ae

MN

Never plant little bulbs. like snowdrops, scillas, grape hyacinths alone. They Avoid ring-around-the-rosy. All formality is fatal to wildness and makes
make no show. Plant them among ferns, Miss Jekyll’s way attempts at wild gardening ridiculous. Preserve all branches of evergreens

Showy, yes, but artistic—never! Too solid. too uniform. monotonous, and “Scatter the bulbs and plant where they fall’’ produces spotty, meaningless
suggestive of the nursery or the newly rich. A day laborer’s way effects like this. Inferior to Figs. 1 and 2

Ocroser, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 107

Never use double or variegated tiowersin wild gardening. Rule 3. Use only Never let the hand of man be evident. The earth is very noticeable here.

wild, or run-wild species, or foreigners that will multiply without care after Rule 4. Associate bulbs with shrubs or long grass. Study natural partner
planting. Use Tulipa sylvestris, not Darwins ships of plants and follow them

STORES

Never plant the costliest species, for they are too gardenesque. Rule 5. Plant Whenever possible, plant flowers against an evergreen, rather than a deciduous
the cheapest species in such places as they naturally grow background. The former is twice as effective

IFTY years ago Edmund Morris pub-
lished a very convincing book in which
he told in plain, every-day language, his ex-
periences in leaving city commercial pursuits
and taking up the life of a farmer, raising
small fruits for market. This book, ‘‘Ten
Acres Enough,” has remained a classic from
that day, and curiously enough, in its practi-
cal references, bears with equal force on the
problems of to-day, and we have the added
advantage of a proper perspective.

By arrangements with the owners of the copyright, we are giving,
in this and the following instalments, the vital narrative of this
interesting story because it appeals so thoroughly to most of those
who are readers of THe GARDEN MAGAZINE.

b]

Enough,’
help in no small degree to a realization of how to meet some of the
economic problems in the cost of living that are so vital an issue of
to-day.— Tue Epirors.

When Edmund

T= (iidunst Fodia vi

Morris discussed the scare of the over-pro-
duction of nursery stock of fifty years ago
and the dread of possible glut through the
production of too much fruit, he presented
a case which fits exactly into our present-
day conditions. With more land under
cultivation, with a greater amount of nur-
sery stock sold and planted annually, there
is still an unsatisfied demand for good
fresh vegetables and high quality fruits.
The teachings set forth in’ “Ten Acres.

of which the first instalment is given below, must

TEN ACRES ENOUGH’

City Experiences — Moderate Expectations

Y LIFE, up to the age of forty, had been spent
in my native city of Philadelphia. Like
thousands of others before me, I began the world
without a dollar, and with a very few friends in a
condition to assist me. Having saved a few hundred
dollars by dint of close application to business, I
married and went into business the same year.
These two contemporaneous drafts upon my little
capital proving heavier than I expected, they soon
used it up, leaving me thereafter greatly straitened
for means. It is true my business kept me, but, as it
was constantly expanding and was of such a nature
that a large proportion of my annual gain was
necessarily invested in tools, fixtures, and machinery
I was nearly always short of ready cash to carry
on my operations with comfort. At certain times,
also, it ceased to be profitable. The crisis of 1837
nearly ruined me, and I was kept struggling along
during the five succeeding years of hard times, until
the revival of 1842 came round. Previous to this
crisis, necessity had driven me to the banks for dis-
counts, one of the sore evils of doing business upon
insufficient capital. As is always the case with these
institutions, they compelled me to return the bor-
rowed money at the very time it was least con-
venient for me to do so — they needed it as urgently
as myself. But to refund them I was compelled to
borrow elsewhere, and that too at excessives rates of
interest, thus increasing the burden while laboring
to shake it off.

City Experiences

HHOUSANDS have gone through the same un-
happy experience, and been crushed by the
load. Such can anticipate my trials and privations.
Yet I was notinsqlvent. My property had cost me
far more than I owed, but if offered for sale at a time
when the whole community seemed to want money
only, no one could have been found to give cost. I
could not use it as the basis of a loan, neither could
I part with it without abandoning my business.
Hence I struggled on through that exhausting crisis,
haunted by perpetual fears of being dishonored at
the bank — lying down at night, not to peaceful
slumber, but to*dream of fresh expedients to pre-
serve my credit for to-morrow. I have sometimes
thought that the pecuniary cares of that struggle
were severe enough to have shortened my life, had
they been much longer protracted.
Besides the mental anxieties they occasioned, they
compelled a pinching economy of my family. But

* Copyright, 1905, by Consolidated Retail Booksellers.

in this latter effort I discovered my wife to be a
jewel of priceless value, coming up heroically to the
task, and relieving me of a world of care. With-
out her aid, her skill, her management, her uncom-
plaining cheerfulness, her sympathy in struggles so
inadequately rewarded as mine were, I should have
sunk into utter bankruptcy. Her economy was
not the mean, penny wise, pound foolish policy
which many mistake for true economy. It was the
art of calculation joined to the habit of order, and
the power of proportioning our wishes to the means
of gratifying them. The little pilfering temper of a
wife is despicable and odious to every man of sense
but there is a judicious, graceful economy, which has
no connection with an avaricious temper, and which,
as it depends upon the understanding, can be ex-
pected only from cultivated minds. Women who
have been well educated, far from despising domes-
tic duties, will hold them in high respect, because
they will see that the whole happiness of life is made
up of the happiness of each particular day and hour,
and that much of the enjoyment of these must
depend upon the punctual practice of virtues which
are more valuable than splendid.

If I survived that crisis, it was owing to my wife’s
admirable management of my household expenses.
She saw that our embarrassment was due to no
imprudence or neglect of mine. She thus con-
sented to severe privations, uttering no complaint,
hinting no reproach, never disheartened —and so
rarely out of humor that she never failed to welcome
my return with a smile.

But in this country one convulsion follows an-
other with disheartening frequency. I lived through
that of 1837, paid my debts, and had managed to
save some money. My wife’s system of economy
had been so long adhered to, that in the end it
became to some extent habitual to her, and she still
continued to practice great frugality. I became
insensibly accustomed to it myself, and we thought
the skies had brightened for all future time.
When in difficulty, we had often debated the pro-
priety of quitting the city and its terrible business
trials, and settling on a few acres in the country,
where we could raise our own food, and spend the
remainder of our days in cultivating ground which
would be sure to yield us at least a respectable
subsistence. We had no longing for excessive
wealth; a mere competency, though earned by daily
toil, so that it was reasonably sure, and free from the
drag of continued indebtedness to others, wasall we
coveted.

I had always loved the country; but my wife pre-
ferred the city. I could take no step but such as

108

would be likely to promote her happiness. So long
as times continued fair, we ceased to canvass the:
propriety of a removal. We had children to edu-
cate, and to her the city seemed the best and most
convenient place for qualifying them for future
usefulness. Then, most of our relations resided
near us. Our habits were eminently social. We
had made numerous friends, and among our neigh-
bors there had turned up many valuable families.
We felt even the thought of breaking away from all
these cordial ties to bea trying one. But the refuge:
of a removal to the country had taken strong hold.
of my mind.

Moderate Expectations

| eee it may be said that I was born with a
passion for living ona farm. It was fixed and.
strengthened by my long experience of the business
vicissitudes of city life. For many years I had beena
constant subscriber for several agricultural journals.
—whose contents I read as carefully as I did those
of the daily papers. . I watched the reports of crops,
of experiments, and of profits. The leading idea in
my mind was this — that a man of ordinary indus-
try and intelligence, by choosing a proper location
within hourly reach of a great city market, could so
cultivate a few acres as to insure a maintenance for
his family, free from the ruinous vibrations of trade
or commerce in the metropolis. All my reading
served to convince me of its soundness. I did not
assume that he could get rich on the few acres which
I ever expected to own; but I felt assured that
he could place himself above want. My reading
had satisfied me’ that such a man would find ten
acres enough, and these I could certainly com-
mand. :
As I did not contemplate undertaking the man-
agement of a large grain farm, so my studies did not
run in that direction. Yet I read everything that
came before me in relation to such, and not without
profit. But I graduated my views to my means,
and so noted with the utmost care the experiences
of the small cultivators who farmed five to ten acres
thoroughly. I noted their failures as watchfully as
their successes. As opportunity offered, I made
repeated excursions, year after year, in every
direction around Philadelphia, visiting the small
farmers or truckers who supplied the city market
with fruit and vegetables, examining, inquiring, and
treasuring up all that I'saw and heard. The fund
of knowledge thus acquired was not only prodigious,
but it has been of lasting value to me in my subse-

gm Oct

OcToBER, 1912

quent operations. I found multitudes of truckers
who were raising large families on five acres of
ground, while others, owning only thirty acres, had
become rich.

Practical Views— Safety of Investment in
Land

‘HERE was not a particle of romance in my
aspiration for a farm, neither had I formed a
single visionary theory which was there to be tested.
My notions were all sober and prosaic. I had strug-
gled all my life for dollars, because abundance of
them produces pecuniary comfort; and the change to
country life was to be, in reality, a mere continua-
tion of the struggle, but lightened by the assurance
that if the dollars thus to be acquired were fewer in
number, the certainty of earning enough of them
was likely to be greater. Crops might fail under
skies at one time too watery, at another too brassy
but no such disaster could equal those to which
commercial pursuits are uninterruptedly exposed.
For nearly twenty years I had been hampered with
having notes of my own or of other parties to pay;
but of all the farmers I had visited only one had
ever given a note, and he had made a vow never to
give another. My wife was shrewd enough to
observe and remark on this fact at the time, it was
so different from my own experience. She ad-
- mitted there must be some satisfaction in carrying
on a business which did not require the giving of
notes. B
Looking at the matter of removal to the country
in a practical light, I found that in the city I was
paying three hundred dollars per annum rent for a
dwelling-house. It was the interest of five thousand
dollars; yet it afforded but a shelter for my family.
I might continue to pay that rent for fifty years,
without, at the end of that time, having acquired
the ownership of either a stone upon the chimney,
or a shingle in the roof. If the house rose in value
the rise would be to the owner’s benefit, not to mine.
It would really be injurious to me—as the rise would
lead him to demand an increase of his rent. But
put the value of the house into a farm, or even the
half of it — the farm would have a dwelling-house
upon it, in which my family would find as good a
shelter, while the land, if cultivated as industriously

as I had always cultivated business, would belie the ©

flood of evidence I had been studying for many years
if it failed to yield to my efforts the returns which
it was manifestly returning to others. We would
live contentedly on a thousand dollars a year, and
here we should have no landlord to pay. My wife,
in pinching times, has financiered us through the
year on several hundred less. I confess to having
lived as‘ well on the diminished rations as I wanted
to. Indeed, until one tries it for himself, it is incred-
ible what dignity there is in an old hat, what virtue
in a time-worn coat, and how savory the dinner-
table can be made without sirloin steaks or cran-
berry tarts.

Thus, let it be remembered, my views and aspir-
ations had no tinge of extravagance. My rule was
moderation. The tortures of a city struggle with-
out capital had sobered me down to being con-
tented with a bare competency. I might fail in
some particulars at the outset, from ignorance; but
I was in the prime of life, strong, active, industrious,
and tractable, and what I did not know I could soon
learn from others, for farmers have no secrets.
Then I had seen too much of the uncertainty of
banks and stocks, and ledger accounts, and promis-
sory notes, to be willing to invest anything in either
asapermanency. At best they are fluctuating and
uncertain, up to-day and down to-morrow. My
great preference had always been for land.

In looking around among my wide circle of city
acquaintances, especially among the older families,
I could not fail to notice that most of them had
grown rich by the ownership of land. More than
once had I seen the values of all city property
improved and unimproved, apparently disappear;
lots without purchasers, and houses without ten-
ants, the community so poor and panic-stricken that
real estate became the merest drug. Yesterday the
collapse was caused by the destruction of the
National Bank; to-day it is the Tariff. Sheriffs
played havoc with houses and lands incumbered by
mortgages, and lawyers fattened on the rich harvest
of fees inaugurated by a Bankrupt Law. But those

THE GARDEN

who, undismayed by the wreck around them,
courageously held on to land, came through in
safety. The storm having run its course and
exhausted its wrath, gave place to skies commer-
cially serene, and real estate swung back with an
irrepressible momentum to its former value, only to
keep on advancing to one even greater.

I became convinced that safety lay in the owner-
ship of land. In all my inquiries both before leav-
ing the city, as well as since, I rarely heard of a
farmer becoming insolvent. When I did, and was
careful to ascertain the cause, it turned out that he
had either begun in debt, and was thus hampered
at the beginning, or had made bad bargains in
speculations outside of his calling, or wasted his
means in riotous living, or had in some way utterly
neglected his business. If not made rich by heavy
crops, I could find none who had been made poor by
bad ones.

The reader may look back over every monetary
convulsion he may be able to remember, and he will
find that in all of them the agricultural community
came through with less disaster than any other
interest. Wheat grows and corn ripens though all
the banks in the world may break, for seed time and
harvest is one of the divine promises to man, never
to be broken, because of its divine origin. They
grew and ripened before banks were invented, and
will continue to do so when banks and railroad bonds
shall have become obsolete.

Moreover, the earthly fund for whose acquisition
we are all striving, we naturally desire to make a
permanent one. As we have worked for it, so we
trust that it will work for us and our children. Its
value, whatever that may be, depends on its per-
petuity — the continuance of its existence. A man
seeks to earn what will support and serve not only
himself, but his posterity. He would naturally
desire to have the estate descend to children and
grandchildren. This is one great object of his toil.
What, then, is the safest fund in which to invest, in
this country? What is the only fund which the
experience of the last fifty years has shown, with
very few exceptions, would be absolutely safe as a
provision for heirs? How many men, within that
period, assuming to act as trustees for estates, have
kept the trust fund invested in stocks, and when
distributing the principal among the heirs, have
found that most of it had vanished! Under cor-
porate insolvency it had melted into air. No pru-
dent man} accepting such a trust, and guaranteeing
its integrity, would invest the fund in stocks.

Our country is filled with pecuniary wrecks from
causes like this. Thousands trust themselves dur-
ing their lifetime, to manage this description of
property, confident of their caution and sagacity.
With close watching and good luck, they may be
equal to the task; but the question still occurs as to
the probable duration of such a fund in families.
What is its safety when invested in the current
stocks of the country? There are no statistics
showing the probable continuance of estates in land
in families, and of estates composed of personal
property, such as stocks. But every bank cashier
will testify to one remarkable fact — than an heir
no sooner inherits stock in the bank than the first
thing he generally does is to sell and transfer it, and
that such sale is most frequently the first notice
given of the holder’s death.

Those, therefore, who acquire personal property,
acquire only what will last about a generation,
longer or shorter. Such property is quickly con-
verted into money — it perishes and is gone. But
land is hedged rgund with numerous guards which
protect it from hasty spoliation. It is not so easily
transferred; it is not so secretly transferred; the law
enjoins deliberate formalities before it can be
alienated, and often the consent of various parties is
necessary.

Resolved to go—Escape from Business
Choosing a Location

HE last thirty years have been prolific of great
pecuniary convulsions. I passed through sey-
eral of them, striving and struggling, and oppressed
beyond all power of description. How many more
the community was to encounter I did not know;
but I conceived it the part of prudence to place
myself beyond the circle of their influence before I
also had been prostrated.

MAGAZINE

109

In spite of the losses thus encountered, I had been
saving something annually for several years, when
the stricture of 1854 came on, premonitory of the
tremendous crash of 1857. Most unfortunately for
my comfort, that stricture seemed to fall with
peculiar severity on a class of dealers largely in-
debted to me. Most of them became embarrassed,
and failed topay me. My old experiences of raising
money revived, and to some extent I was compelled
to go through the humiliations of similar periods.
But the stricture was of brief duration, and I closed
the year in far better condition than I had antici-
pated.

But the trials of that incipient crisis determined
me to abandon the city: I found that by realizing
all I then possessed, I could command means enough
to purchase ten to twenty acres, and I had grown
nervous and apprehensive of the future. While
possessed of a little, I resolved to make that little
sure by investing it in land. I had worked for the-
landlord long enough.

I had long determined in my mind what sort of
farming was likely to prove profitable enough to
keep us with comfort, and that was the raising of
small fruits for the city markets. My attention had
always been particularly directed to the berries.
Some strawberries I had raised in my city garden
with prodigious success. My friends, when they
heard of my project, expressed fears that the market
would soon be glutted, not exactly by the crops
which I was to raise, but they could not exactly
answer how. They confessed that they were ex-
tremely fond of berries, and that at no time in the
season could they afford to eat enough—a confession
which seemed to explode all apprehension of the
market being overstocked.

But my wife and myself had both examined the
hucksters who called at the door with small fruits,
as to the monstrous prices they demanded, and had
begged them, if ever a glut occurred, that they
would call and let us know. But none had ever
called with such information. It was the same
thing with those who occupied stalls in the various
city markets. They rarely had a surplus left
unsold, and their prices were always high. A glut
of fruit was a thing almost unknown to them..
It was a safe presumption that the market would
not be depressed by the quantity that I might
raise.

But here let me say something by way of paren-
thesis touching this common idea of the danger of
overstocking the fruit market of the great cities.
It is a curious fact that this idea is entertained only
by those who are not fruit growers. The latter
never harbored it. Their whole experience runs
the other way; they know it to be a gross absurdity.
Yet, somehow, the question of a glut has always
been debated.

Twenty years or so ago the nurserymen were
advised to close up their sales and abandon the
business, as they would soon have no customers for-
trees — everybody was supplied. But trees have
continued to be planted from that day to this, and
where hundreds were sold twenty years ago, thou-
sands are disposed of now. Old-fashioned nurser-
ies have been trebled in size, while countless new
ones have been planted. The nursery business has
grown to a magnitude truly gigantic, because the
market for fruit has been annually growing larger,
and no business enlarges itself unless it is proved to:
be profitable.

The market cannot be glutted with good fruit.
The multiplication of mouths to consume it is far
more rapid that the increase of any supply that
growers can effect. Within ten years the masses
have had a slight taste of choice fruits, and but little
more. Indulgence has only served to whet their
appetites. The more of them there is offered in the
market, the more will there be consumed. Every
huckster in her shamble, every vender of peanuts
in the street, will testify to this. The modern art
of semi-cookery for fruit, and of preserving it in
cans and jars, has made sale for enormous quanti-
ties of those choicer kinds which return the highest
profit to the grower. It is in the grain market that
panic often rages, but never in the fruit market.
If it ever enters the latter, the struggle is to obtain
the fruit, not to get rid of it.

The proper choice of a location was now to be
the great question of my future success.

(To be continued)

110

ConpUCTED BY ELLEN Eppy SHAW

Bulb Work

HE most important and imperative
item of fall planting work is that of
bulb planting. Just the very week school
opens the bulb orders ought to be sent to
the dealers. If the bulbs are to be planted
outdoors buy bedding varieties; if they are
for pot culture buy forcing varieties.

The narcissus and hyacinth families are
the most satisfactory ones to introduce into
school work. The tulips are more likely
to give trouble. Buy early varieties and
push them rapidly along.

Do not plant crocus, snowdrops, and
scilla in stiff, formal beds but scatter them
about the lawn or tuck them in wherever a
place can be found. Daffodils lend them-
selves to an informal arrangement. But
hyacinths and tulips are in themselves more
formal and are usually seen planted in
formal beds.

Any good light garden soil will do for both
bedding and potting. Make the out-door
bed fine by means of a thorough spading.
Before placing the bulb in its place put into
the hole made for it a sprinkling of sand.
This layer of sand acts as a drainage area
and conducts the water away from the bulb.

In potting there are a few things to hold
in mind. First put into the pot about an inch
of drainage material, next a little sphag-
num moss if you have it, and a few pieces
of charcoal to keep the soil mass sweet.
The soil should now be filled in to the proper
place at which the bulb is to be planted.
Plant small bulbs a quarter of an inch below
the surface of the soil, hyacinths and tulips
one half inch, and narcissus may be planted
with their noses sticking above the surface
of the soil. Each bulb should rest on a bed
of sand with soil filled in over the bulbs.
Never pot clear up to the top of the pot.
Leave one half inch for watering.

Potted bulbs may be buried outdoors in
a trench or put away indoors in a cool, dark
place. Bulbs must stay from six to eight
weeks in the dark. Keep these bulbs
watered. If the potted bulbs are buried
outdoors, Nature will attend to them.

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE

Turn to page 53 in the September, 1912,
GARDEN MAGAZINE and read the article on
“Starting Bulbs for Christmas.” A de-
tailed and helpful account is given, and
as you look over the following table study
that article as well.

A Window Garden of Bulbs
Oe bulb table and zinc tray have been

in use four or five years. It was made
according to my directions, and the whole
thing, including painting the table a dark
cherry to match the woodwork in my bed-
room and living-room, and the making of
a long zinc pan, did not exceed six dollars.
The table is six feet long, two feet wide,
and two feet high. It is placed by a double
east window, about three inches above the
window sill. The zinc pan covers the
entire top of table and has a rim about an
inch deep to fit down over the table and an
inch deep rim at the top. On this I set

OcTroBER, 1912

in boxes — anything that I can gather up
— that are four inches deep and can be
perforated for ventilation. Then I have a
load of well-rotted cow manure hauled in
July or August. I order my bulbs as early
as I can get them and try to have my white
Romans in pots by the fifth of October.

I put in the bottom of the pan or basket
a layer of charcoal lumps (small pieces in
small vessel and vice versa), and after I have
mixed rich soil and sand to [the proportion
of four parts soil to one part sand, pulverized
well, I put in one inch of prepared soil and
sprinkle lime very lightly over the whole.
I then fill in with soil to within two inches of
the top, making it perfectly smooth and
even and free from clods. With a sharp
knife I lightly shave off the hard bottom of
the bulbs, rub off the dead skin, and then
gently press the bulbs down into the soil,
placing them two inches apart. The soil
should then be sprinkled over them evenly
until they are just covered. With a flower

my potted hyacinths.

Then I have a large

zinc pan, 38 inches long, 6 inches wide and
6 inches deep (43 inches would be better)
with holes down the centre of the bottom
two inches apart and large enough to run

a lead pencil through.

In this pan I put

thirty-six bulbs of the white Roman hy-

acinth.

I always buy one hundred single

White Roman and _ seventy-five Dutch
Roman, white and mixed, and pan hya-

sprinkler water them gently until they are

thoroughly wet.
is wet through.)

(Be sure that the soil
Put in a dark cellar or

closet (I use the latter) and let them stay
until roots are formed and the little points
This takes from four to six

begin to show.

weeks.

Be sure to keep the soil damp while

in the dark. When the bulbs are first
brought out do not put them in the sun for

a day or two after.

sun.

BULB PLANTING TABLE

HOW TO PLANT

OUTDOORS

INDOORS

They like the warm
Do not ever let the soil become hard

REMARKS

cinths. They are pottedin grape baskets,
ESTI-
MATED
arte SPECIES OR s
RE VARIETY OH (ones)
PER
DOZEN
Anemone Coronaria Mixed 20
St. Brigid = 40
Fulgens Scarlet 35
Crocus Cloth of Gold Yellow 15
King of the Blue 5
Blues
Albion Violet & white 15
Mont Blanc White 15
Freezia Refracta Alba White 35
Leichtlinii Yellow 40
Hyacinth Gertrude Pink 65
Baron Von Purple 65
Thuyll
Robert Steiger Rose 70
Baroness Thuyll White 65
Narcissus
ChineseSacred| Chinese Lily White 100
Daffodil Von Sion Yellow 35
Jonquil Campernelle Yellow 15
Polyanthus Paper White eWhite 30
Oxalis Bermuda Yellow 40
Buttercup
Tulip Artus Red 30
Duc Von Thul Red-yellow 30
Pottebakker Yellow 35
Queen Victoria White 30
Scilla Sibirica Blue 15
Snowdrop Elwes’ Giant | White & green 20

I-inch deep scat-
tered over lawn
or in rock gar-
den.

In a sandy loam
I inch deep.

Six inches deep
and 6 inches
apart, cover
for winter pro-
tection.

Outdoors 4 inch-
es deep and 4
inches apart.
The polyan-
thus variety
is less hardy.

4 inches deep, 4
inches apart.
Buy bedding
varieties.

1 inch below sur-
face.

1 inch below
ground.

Eight bulbs in a
5-inch pot.

Six to eight bulbs
in a 5-inch pot.

Sixtoeight bulbs
in 4-inch pot.

Ten to twelve
bulbs in a 6-
inch pot.

Three bulbs will
go in a 6-inch
pot

In pans or flats.
4 large or 6
small bulbs in
a 6-inch pot.

Six bulbs in a 5-
inch pot.

Six bulbs in a 6-
inch pot. Or-
der early tu-
lips.

Ten to twelve in

6-inch pot.

Ten to twelve in
6-inch pot.

Plant 4. blanda
outdoors. Rich
blue color.

May be grown in
water and peb-
bles as the Chi-
nese lily.

Plant indoors as
early as possi-
ble for Decem-
ber bloom.

These are ‘“‘exhi-
bition” varie-
ties;““Romans”’
respond rapid-
ly to forcing.

All varieties most
satisfactory for
pot culture.

PlantChinese lily
in stones and
water indoors.

Excellent for
hanging _ bas-
kets. Plant

early for De-
cember bloom.

Force tulips in-
doors as they
are prone to
develop lice.

Plant outdoors in
masses with
crocus.

Grows in almost
any soil.

OcTOBER, 1912

Such a table as this can be used by the children for
their plant experiments

or dry on top, and when in flower water
every day or so with tepid water. If the
water is hard a teaspoonful of ammonia to
a gallon of water is good for them. Use
ammonia in the water only about twice a
month. I always buy the best bulbs. I
have had as many as twelve flower stalks
from one bulb. I plant the pan hyacinths
in bowls or jardinieres. They do not
require bottom ventilation except a few
lumps of charcoal. I pot them the same as
I do the Romans.

Texas. ALICE SCALES STEGER.

School Gardens in Indiana

eS ENSIVE inquiry reveals the fact
that the cities of Indiana are doing
very little in the way of organized school
garden work. On the other hand, many
of the consolidated township schools, espe-
cially in Central Indiana where the richest
farming communities are found, have
definitely organized courses and are secur-
ing splendid and practical results.

An encouraging note comes from the
principal of a township consolidated high
school. He says, “Better work in the
other high school subjects has been the
result, for they realize the need for Latin
in technical terms, mathematics in ditching,
and English to produce an acceptable
note book.”

This school is at Smartsburg, near
Crawfordsville, Ind., which is surrounded
by an excellent farming region. The
principal, Mr. G. R. Blanchfill, has fitted
up all the available space in a four room
building for laboratories. In the basement
is a large emergency room used for storage
and mounting. In these laboratories, by
means of reading and experiments, are
worked out the theories which are later
tested in the actual soil of the school yard.
There are two lecture and three laboratory
periods each week. More of this work
will be told in a later number of the maga-
zine with diagrams showing the experi-
mental work done. It is work most sug-
gestive for rural schools. The grade pupils
have been formed into agricultural clubs
by high school pupils. The patrons are
thoroughly interested and have a club which
meets monthly at the school house to discuss
progressive agriculture. One boy belong-
ing to the corn club succeeded in producing

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

ninety-nine and one half bushels of corn per
acre. County Superintendent Otis Hall
heartily supports the work of Principal
Blanchfill. Several other. progressive
county superintendents in Central Indiana
are pioneers in this work.

An entirely different plan was tried in
East Chicago last year. Situated on the
south shore of Lake Michigan we have a
pure sand soil. To have a garden or lawn
involves much labor and _ considerable
expense for black soil. In February, 1011,
the writer, as chairman of the Educational
Committee of the Indiana Harbor-East
Chicago Commercial Club asked the club
to offer prizes as follows:

A. For the greatest improvement in any
home, irrespective of original cost, by means
of planting trees or gardens, sowing grass,
etc.

B. For the best kept home.

C. For the best flower garden.

D. For the best vegetable garden.

E. For the greatest improvement in
vacant lots by cleaning and planting.

Three prizes of $5, $3 and $2 were offered -

in each class, making a total of $50. Con-
testants were to be pupils in the schools.
Judges were appointed by the Mayor,
School Board and Club. Many children
entered the contests and several of the
teachers gave valuable help and encourage-
ment to the pupils. The President of the
club arranged with the congressman for
government seeds, while the Civic Improve-
ment Committee of the Club arranged for
reasonable prices on trees and black soil.
There are many vacant lots but their
use is not practicable because of the
expense in securing black soil. The gar-
dens were therefore all at the homes of the
pupils. Home gardening was not only the
practical thing in our case, but in my judg-
ment, it is the best thing in most cases.
It can be done outside of school hours,
develops a commendable home pride, and
the child is directly interested in keeping
up his work during the summer vacation.
One good result was the formation on
several streets of civic improvement clubs,
which looked after the lawns, vacant lots
and alleys. The judges spent considerable
time going over the city viewing the work
of those who entered the contests. The
results, while not remarkable, were sur-

prising. Epwin N. CANINE,
Superintendent of Schools.

An Outdoor Experiment

A CONCRETE, local example does more
to make a school subject live than
years of work with books. It happened
this way in my biology class.

There are four, fine sycamore maples in
our campus at the Morris High School. Last
September these trees were nearly stripped
of foliage. This was the work of the white
marked tussock moth. The bark of the trees
was covered with cocoons and egg masses.

We talked it over and a number of boys
volunteered to do the work. They met one
Saturday morning in November.

111

For two hours each boy used knife and
hook, until pockets were crammed with
cocoons and egg cases. Finally the rescue
expedition had collected a large jar of very
interesting material. After the ladders
were replaced in the basement, the jar was
brought up to the biological laboratory.

Each boy with a pile of debris in front of
him carefully counted the creamy egg
cases, which for the most part were con-
spicuously attached to the previous year’s
cocoons. The latter were weak structures
thinly woven from the long irregular hairs
of the larve, and empty save for the dry
cast of the larva skin.

A total of 160 egg cases was not par-
ticularly surprising, but it was soon found
that more than five minutes was required
to count the yellowish-white eggs of a
single case. Five apparently average cases
contained respectively 231, 512, 361, 333,
and 502 eggs, so nearly spherical that there
was some difficulty in controlling the count.

It began to dawn on the boys that their
mild endeavors had borne large fruit and
they were mute witnesses as they saw the
average number of eggs in a case, 388, mul-
tiplied by 160, grow into the amazing
number of 62,080 eggs.

The next step was to make these facts
available to every pupil. They might easily
duplicate these results and save their own
and other shade trees, thus sharing in both
the biological and civic interest of such an
undertaking. The essential facts were an-
nounced to the school in assembly and then
placarded and displayed with the material
in a museum case in a prominent corridor.
It is a safe estimate that over 3,500 stu-
dents are already familiar with the details
of this experiment. It has convinced me
that such prophylactic activities can
vitally interest students and tax payers
alike wherever applied.

P. B. Mann.

With the assistance of its pupils, the Morris High
School cleared its trees of the tussock moth

Growing Roses from Seed

ROWING roses from seed is always an interest-

ing, though often slow, process. Whether
it really pays for the pains can be ascertained
only by trying.

In the case here illustrated it did pay. The
seed planted was Rosa multiflora and the result
a semi-double rose of a shell pink hue. Left
a great deal to its own devices, it is quite effective
as part of a garden boundary.

Seed of several worth while rose species is in the
market. In addition to Rosa multiflora, there are
the sweetbrier (R. rubiginosa), the early wild rose
(R. blanda), the ramanas or wrinkled rose (R.
rugosa), the swamp rose (R. Carolina), the dwarf
wild rose (R. lucida) and the low rose (R. humilis).
There is also the dwarf multiflora (R. m., var.
nana), which, in favorable circumstances, will bloom
the first year from seed.

Rose seeds are usually gathered in the autumn.
They may be safely gathered earlier, however —
after the seeds are hard but before the hips have
completely reddened — and some maintain that
by. so doing germination will be hastened. The
hips may be dried and the seeds rubbed out, but
as germination is slow enough any way the better
plan is either to stratify them in moist sand or to
soften them in a pan with a little water, in a
warm place. When the hips are well rotted, rub
and wash the seeds clean. Occasionally the soften-
ing is done in a pan of water placed over a warm
pipe and the seed left there until signs of germina-
tion are shown. With both stratifying and fer-
menting the germination is more nearly uniform
than in the case of dried seed. '

Plant the soaked, or dried, seed at once in care-
fully prepared and well manured beds of light
sandy loam out of doors or in flats or pans in a cool
greenhouse. If there is a considerable quantity of
seed, it may be sown in drills one foot apart. Seed
planted out of doors should be covered with two
inches of pine needles, leaves or litter. And beware
of mice; they like rose seeds.

Remove this covering when the seedlings appear.
If any fail to appear, leave a light mulch to keep
down weeds and prevent drying out. Under glass
R. multiflora is likely to come up in a few weeks
and out of doors the spring after planting; but R.
rubiginosa or R. rugosa may choose to take eighteen
instead of six months to show itself in the open
ground. Because of this uncertainty it is better
not to disturb the seed bed, pans or flats for a year
and a half and to keep them moist all the time.

Shade the seedlings and thin out if too thick.
Transplant in October or November, pruning any
long roots. Take out the strongest and top dress the
bed with manure. The next spring may bring even
better plants. Plant in rows about one foot apart
and six inches apart in the rows. Shorten the tops
if the plants are spindling. Mulch with manure
and in the spring prune to the best bud. If in-
doors prune about two months after transplanting.

Rose seedlings grow rapidly and when two years
old may be planted out permanently. Some kinds,
as has been said, bloom the first year from seed
but it must be remembered that hybrids do not
always disclose their real character at the outset.
These should be given a second or third season
before any are discarded.

New York. H. S. Apams.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

Roses for the South

F LATE I have observed that writers speak

of condemning roses to a retired spot because,
when out of bloom, the bushes are not ornamental.
The leggy, rusty condition of a Hybrid Perpetual in
August is quite familiar to me but, for gardens
where they are hardy and can attain some size, there
are some Teas and Noisettes that are as truly
ornamental as many of our most valued shrubs and
climbers. What shrub has more polished leaves
and graceful habit than a Duchesse de Brabant?
And how incomparable it is when adorned with a
thousand perfect shell pink blooms.

On the 29th and 3oth of last August I visited a
large wholesale nursery in this state, where field
after field is planted with a great variety of roses.
The following notes which I took may be of
interest to some other Southern readers:

Antoine Rivoire. Handsome salmon-pink buds in
clusters of three to six. Open flower very wide,
loosely put together, faintly flushed pink on white
ground. Upright vigorous grower like Kaiserin.

Bougére. Not much good.

Chas. Rovolli. Light pink or cream with tips
of petals shaded darker pink. An extra fine flower
of an unusual type. Habit of growth good, some-
what like Duchess. Don’t miss growing it.

Climbing Mad. C. Testout. Throws long thorny
canes as ungraceful as those of the Climbing
Meteor. Young growth red, very stout. Blooms
a wonderful, bright, clear pink; petals large and
slightly recurved showing the yellow stamens.
Diameter of flower extra. Get the bush form,
Madame Caroline Testout, instead.

Climbing Marie Guillot. White varying to
yellow. Handsome buds in open, long-stemmed
clusters of three to five. Flowers large and of

‘Roses from seed are truly one’s own roses.

OcToOBER, 1912

excellent form. The vine is especially graceful,
the red tipped young growth being slender and
somewhat zig-zag. :

Solfatare. Very like the above, especially in
habit and leafage. The color is sulphur-yellow.
It is almost as handsome and is very much hardier
than its relative, the Maréchal Niel.

Maréchal Niel seems to grow better and to bear
larger and deeper golden blooms when budded or
gratted than when on its own roots. :

Helen Gould (Baldouin). Color, rosy-crimson;
buds and flowers both of fine shape; size varies
from small to large. Bushes thin but foliage
healthy; few thorns.

Empress Eugenie. Flowers like Clothilde Soupert
but larger and a solid pink. Handsome bush.

Madame Joseph Schwartz. Habit of growth and
shape of flower like the Duchess de Brabant.
Color white, flushed pink, but varies to yellow.

Rev. C. Wanter. Habit like above, very free
blooming, flowers full, petals slender, a few usually
reflexed. Color pink, shaded darker toward
centre.

Madame Jules Grolez. Low growing bushes but
good foliage, reddish tips and shining green leaves.
Flowers of the same type as Helen Gould, but lighter
in color, a bright china-rose. Outer petals reflex
enough to be pretty and quill as they turn down.
Splendid line of blooms. Do not miss having.

Olivia. Flowers resemble those of Helen Gould
but are not so good.

Gen. McArthur. Very moderate.
better at other seasons of the year.

Marie Van Houlte. Creamy-white inner petals,
outer ones pink; pretty but fades with red specks. _
Semi-double. Growth, wide and open, foliage
large and dark green.

Mile. Francisca Kruger. Not a desirable rose
for this section. The buds are frequently prevented
from opening by the browning of the outer petals.
In the open flower the petals are so crumpled and
twisted that their beauty is almost lost. The
color runs through various shades of red, yellow,
and amber.

Mrs. B. R. Cant. Habit of growth like Papa
Gontier but is more upright. Flowers very full.
all petals point to the front, the outer ones being
quilled like a dahlia. Color, red and deep shades of
rose, often lighter toward centre.

Helen Good. A comparatively new member of
the lovely Cochet family. The Cochets in their per-
fection of coloring, grace and finish, have an air
of expensiveness about them as though no ordinary
mortal ought to be able to possess one. Yet here
long lines of plants are bending beneath such a
load of beauty as demands our utmost wonder and
delight.

Mississippi.

Perhaps it is

R. N. Loppert.

Six-year-old specimen of Rosa multiflora from seed

For infor:nation abi
Octosen, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE ™ oirig: gat perder 113

The Lure of the Peony

to him or her who happily knows it in its modern varieties, is irresistible
—an ever increasing charm and delight as the years come on.

Think of a flower with a range and delicacy of coloring which a
de Longpre might well despair of imitating—a fragrance which a Colgate,
a Gallet might envy—and you have the Peony of to-day.

Think too, of a flower easier to grow than a geranium—that | cream of the world’s achievement—the best that money can buy.
when once planted lasts, with yearly increase in volume and beauty, That their enviable reputation is due to eighteen years of
as long as the planter—and longer—and again you have, he Peony. | enthusiastic devotion—that for years, with no other business enter-

And the wonder of it all is that perhaps you are still in ignor- | prise, I have given my entire time exclusively to this flower and
ance of the merits of this the most beautiful flower of our day— | the Rose; and remembering all this, can you wonder that ‘‘Peter-
that your knowledge is limited to the ‘‘Piny’’ of your childhood. | son Peonies’’ are spoken of as in a class by themselves?

Some day by chance or otherwise, you will somewhere see And They Are.

blooming PETERSON’S PERFECT PEONIES and then re- May I prove it to you?

gret that you did not know of them before. My catalog, reflecting the quality of my Peonies, is mailed on
And then remember please that my Peonies represent the | request.

GEORGE H. PETERSON, Rose and Peony Specialist, Box 50, FAIR LAWN, N. J.

GOOD & REESE
Peonies

Are entirely hardy, take
care of themselves, never
fail to bloom. You no
doubt know the old var-
ieties of Peonies, but the
new varieties we offer
will be a revelation. The

SSS

best time to transplant
Peonies are the months of September and October.

Our Special October Offer

These Big Trees and Shruts Were
Planted by Nelson’s LAST SPRING

For One Dollar For Two Dollars :
oillgaal id: ‘ll send ‘de The difference in cost between big trees and small ones is offset many times over
eS Sere We Wa sene postpaid: t by the increased value of the property on which the larger growth is set. Trees and
Queen Victoria (pure white) 25c Floral Treasure (delicate pink) 50c shrubs do not grow in anight. And the years of waiting are lost years.
Edulis Superba (bright pink) 25c Marie Lemoine (pure white) 50c
Fragrans (deep rose) 25c Felix Crousse (bright red) 50c Let Us Plant For You THIS FALL
ects (Gkuis reel) es Feviatiany (deep pink) ale You do not need to wait. By planting Nelson's big trees you can transform
If your order reaches us on or before ae order pec ia or before October the barest landscape into a scene of beauty. The effect is immediate, and more — it
maiteest abodes we will include a jptiesi Nida nieetenal Grown fC. Thee is permanent. Nelson's trees live. They are so sturdy, so vigorous and healthy, and
toot) ree ol the ‘charming Jenny Lind we give you absolutely free. The catalog are lifted from the nursery and packed with such care that when properly set out they
(Catalog price 50c.) price of these beautiful varieties is 60c. each. go right on growing as if they never had been disturbed.

“LANDSCAPES WITHOUT WAITING” Our Book—Free To You—

If you live within 500 miles of Chicago and are interested in trees, shrubs and hardy flowers.
Price 50 cents to those further away rebated on first order. It shows the robust Nelson stock and beau-
tiful Nelson-made landscapes. If you are going to plant a few trees or many you need this book.

SWAIN NELSON & SONS CO., 765 Marquette Building, Chicago, Ill.

Write for new catalog of Dutch bulbs, Roses, Phlox, Peonies, etc.

The Good & Reese Co. ox Springfield

“The Largest Rose Growers in the World” 301 Ohio

If yi ish informatio b d
[Whi hain se «6h T HE 6 GARDEN MAG AZENE

For Generations
the Standard of Excellence

“As good as a Kimball’’ has long been the

highest praise that could be bestowed upona piano. Many

decades ago the first Kimball piano was made and while it

was a very different instrument from the Kimball of today, it
marked a distinct advance in the piano-maker’s art.

Through all these years by painstaking effort, rare inventive genius

and the resources of a great institution, the superior merits of the

Kimball Piano have been maintained until today informed music
lovers everywhere widely acknowledge

Kimball Pianos Supreme in the
Home and on the Concert Stage

Conclusive proof of the Kimball's high standing among the musical
profession, is found in the fact that such eminent artists as G. Campanari, Walter
Damrosch, Adelina Patt, Emma Eames, Myrtle Elvyn, Emil Liebling and scores

of others have recommended the Kimball and have selected it for their personal use.

= SPLIT SOE AITT

EDTA

Just as pre-eminent is the Kimball Piano in the home. In many Amencan
families three generations are using the Kimball — mother, daughter
and grand-daughter, all choosing this grand old make for their
respective homes.

The pure, sweet, yet powerful tone, the responsive action
and the refined beauty of its case entitle the Kimball to a
place in your home. Don't be satisfied with anything less.
Our COLONIAL Style at $365, and our PETITE GRAND
at $650, represent the highest standard of values in tonal
quality, wearing quality and price. If no dealer handles

them, you can buy direct at our regularly established one
price. Very easy credit terms extended to purchasers.

Beautifully Illustrated Catalogues Kimball Pianos, Kimball Player Pianos and Kim-
ball Self-playing Pipe Organs for the Home, mailed free on request to Dept. 1737.

Established 1857

W. W. KIMBALL CO.
304-308 S. Wabash Avenue CHICAGO

SLATS REIT re

Paint spoils the natural surface—
costs twice as much.

Dexter Brothers English Shingle Stains

preserve and waterproof the wood. Made of finest English
ground colors mixed in linseed and special preservative oils
which double the life of the shingles.

Write for stained miniature shingles. Examine them care-
fully. Match them against the natural setting of your house,
until the right color combination is found.

Ask for Booklet A.
DEXTER BROTHERS CO., 115 Broad St., Boston, Mass.
Branches: 1133 Broadway, New York; 218 Race St., Philadelphia
Also makers of Petrifax Cement Coating

AGENTS: F. H. McDonald, Grand Rapids; H. M. Hooker Co.,

s f s me Chicago: F. T. Crowe & Co., Seattle, Spokane and Tacoma, Wash.,
Bungalow of Hon. Rudolph Blankenbur, yor of P and Portland, Ore.. Sherman Kimball, San Francisco, Hoffschlager
i. =

adelphia. Wesley Lesher shitect, & Co., Honolulu and DEALERS.
Philadelphia, Pa.

ciding on
color.

ean adbenbabbicanbatioen Chea oe

OcToBER, 1912

How I Start Seeds

OE starting spring seeds, such as tomatoes,
celery, salvia, lettuce, etc., I have a small
glass box projecting from the living-room window
which fits under the top sash. By having top light
the young plants are prevented from being drawn
up to the light (as in an ordinary window) and grow-
ing spindly. By drawing down the top sash a tem-

| perature of roo degrees can be had (when the sun

shines on it), and when it gets too warm we lift the
small slide, letting in sufficient air to cool it to the

Outside view of a window greenhouse for starting
seeds

Inside view of the same showing the means for
regulating the heat

Fall Announcement of New Novels

The Wind Before the Dawn By Dell H. Munger

This is the epic of Kansas. It isalso the epic of the farmer’s wife, and of the
new order which is to make her an independent partner instead of a household
slave. It tells the story of a girl, young, vigorous, happy in spite of miserable
home conditions. She marries the man she loves, and then comes her real
problem as her husband develops: the customary attitude of considering his wife
as a necessary piece of farm machinery. A surprising situation arises and the
tangled lives straighten out in a climax which isvery dramatic. Eight illus-
trations in color by Thomas Fogarty. Net,$1.35. (Published August 15th.)

Rolling Stones

By O. Henry

Like a true genius, O. Henry kept no records
of his work, as he had none of the egoism that
is the bane of these days. So it was after follow-
ing many false trails that the material for
“Rolling Stones,” the last of the O. Henry
volumes, was collected. This book contains
ten short stories, quantities of verse, the
whimsical contents of his paper, “ Rolling
Stones,’’ some photographs and quaint pen and
ink and wash drawings. Jilustrated. Net,
$1.20. (Ready in November.)

The Lure of Life

By Agnes and Egerton Castle
Authors of ‘“The Pride of Jennico,”’ etc.

When the young scholar, whose world was
of books suddenly found himself Sir Ughtred,
master of a great English estate, he presently
woke to the fact that there were whirlpools
of human feeling in him which he had never
imagined. Around this striking figure the
authors have wrought a tale full of passion and
color, when Sir Ughtred comes into contact
with the two women who affect his life. Net,
$1.35. (Ready October 3rd.)

Knocking the Neighbors

By George Ade

George Ade is back on his own ground in this
book and that means a volume of the best fun
that the American public has chuckled over for
a long time. It is his first book in several
years and you'll be glad he is back. J/lustrated.
Net, $1.00. (Ready October 30th.)

A

her standards.

candor.
lished August 30th)

By Grace S. Richmond

Bro therly House Author of “‘On Christmas Day in the Morning,” etc.
Family quarrels are silly anyway. They arealso uncomfortable things. Just
such a quarrel had built up barriers between the Kingsley boys and girls, until
a family gathering was impossible, because they didn’t even speak to one an-
other. One thing happened, however, that brought them to a loving sympathy
—and a Christmas party. It is an ideal gift book. Frontispiece by Thomas
Fogarty. Paper Net, 50 cents. Leather Net $1.00. (Ready October 24th.)

By Sarah Comstock

The Soddy

When nineteen-year-old Terry, astride a bony old gray cow-pony, bare-
headed, her girlish slimness evident in a dress of heavy blue woolen, crosses the
path of Dexter Hayden, the enthusiastic young pioneer fresh from an Eastern
University, the love story finds its first impetus. From the brilliant blue-skied
days when they hopefully plow the wilderness together we watch the two
characters building a climax of dramatic intensity. Decorated Wrapper. Net,
$1.30. (Ready October 3rd.)

q

Is Your Husband

ay)
a’ |

Suppose you felt it in you to become a great
emotional actress, an artist or profes-
sional woman, would your husband
help you or hinder you?

Suppose he and your friends disapproved,
would you give it up or follow the de-
sire that possessed you?

That’s the theme of Mary Austin’s
Woman

Pauline Mills, sheltered, tenderly kept, inflexible
in her ‘‘adorable womanliness” shapes the world to
Genius, a force as irresistible as
the tide, takes no heed of Pauline Mills, but it
takes up its abode in Olivia Lattimore.
works in her and through her is a story which
turns the feminine mind inside out with remarkable
Decorated Wrapper.

of

The Street of the Two Friends By F. Berkeley Smith

Author of “A Village of Vagabonds,”’ etc.

To the little studio at the top ‘of the house in the Rue des Deux Amis comes
many a light footstep, presaging adventure after the fashion of the vie de Bohéme.
It is a vivid chronicle of men and women who live in an atmosphere of color and
emotion — a striking companion picture of pulsing Parisian life, with which
the author follows his idyllic tale of “A Village of Vagabonds.”’ Jllustrated
and decorated. Net, $1.50. (Ready October 24th.)

Elkan Lubliner: American
By Montague Glass

Author of “Potash and Perlmutter,” etc.

This is the story, rich in possibilities, of the
process of Americanizing our adopted country-
men. All the insight into human nature and
all the whole-hearted fun which so captivated
the thousands of readers of “‘ Potash and Perl-
mutter,” and “Abe and Mawruss,” are found
afresh in this new book. Underneath the
laughter and fun is a big dramatic idea. Wet,
$1.20. (Ready October 16th.)

Chasing the Blues
| | ee ? Text and Cartoons by
| i sty R. L. Goldberg

If you have gone a long time without a
laugh, a real laugh, look at one of Goldberg’s
cartoons: ‘‘They All Look Good FarAway”’
or “I’m the Guy ’or‘‘ Telephonies ” or “ Ancient
History in Modern Frames.” And if you
haven’t seen any of his poker cartoons, you
have missed a lot of real fun. Net, 50 cents
(Ready October 24th.)

The Royal Road

By Alfred Ollivant
Author of “‘Bob, Son of Battle,’’ etc.

This is the story of Ted Hankey, whose life,
absolutely in the grip of circumstance, the
plaything of the giant Industry, moves surely
and triumphantly to the Great Vision. In
Ted’s heart there blossoms a little flower of
hope which nothing stunts or kills; he whistles
through days gray and sodden; and the light
of his leading shines clearer and steadier as the
climax of this wonderful story approaches.
Net, $1.20. (Ready October 24th.)

Genius

How it

Net $1.35. (Pub- ,

Madame Mésange _ By F. Berkeley Smith

Author of “A Village of Vagabonds,” “The Real Latin Quarter,” etc.

In “Madame Mésange,” Berkeley Smith takes us back into the Normandy
which was the picturesque setting of his “Village of Vagabonds.’”’ The little
story has the delightful sentiment and delicate coloring of this artist-author’s
work and brings back a vision of the Normandy coast about which Mr. Smith
has ve, such a haunting charm. Frontispiece. Net, so cents. (Ready October
3rd.

The Heather Moon ®y¢.N. &A. M. Williamson

The Heather moon is the moon for falling in love. It comes in August, be-
fore the honeymoon, when the heather is in a glory of purple blossom. In this
book, the Williamsons tell of the adventures of Barribel MacDonald. The
charm of the Scottish countryside runs through its pages, and there is a very
interesting love story which unfolds under the skilful touch of these two popular
writers. Decorated Wrapper and Lining pages. Net, $1.35. (Ready in November.)

Publications of Doubleday, Page & Company

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Holiday Editions and Gift Books

Retrospections of an Active Life By Jon Bigelow

This work is one of the richest records of public life in American annals.
John Bigelow, whose death in 1912 closed a career of ninety-two years, was un-
questionably one of the most interesting figures in recent American history.
In these two concluding volumes Mr. Bigelow brings his record from 1867 to
1879 — that after-the-war-period which is one of the most vital through which
the nation has ever passed. Volume IV, 1867-71; Volume V, 1872-79. Each
volume, net, $4.00, 2 volumes, net, $7.50. Complete set of 5 volumes, including three
books previously issued, net, $15.00. (Ready in November.)

Songs From Books
By Rudyard Kipling

Mr. Kipling says of this Book: ‘Here will
be found the greater part of the verses scattered
through my novels and stories, with the excep-
tion of children’s stories. In several instances
where only a few lines or stanzas were originally
used, I have given in full the song, etc., whence
they were taken.”

It is surprising with how fresh an appeal
these verses come to one in this collected form.
Net, $1.40 (Ready October gth.)

The Man Farthest Down
By Booker T. Washington

Author of
“Up From Slavery,” “My Larger Education,’

etc.

This is the record of a trip made by Dr.
Washington for the purpose of studying con-
ditions in Europe, and it is a most illuminating
book. There is no one whose keen sympathy
and understanding enables him really to depict
so well the conditions of the man farthest down.
Net, $1.50. (Ready September roth.)

Illustrated Holiday Edition

The Man Who Bucked Up _ By Arthur Howard

The man who bucked up at the age of thirty-eight and in eighteen months
owned a newspaper and was mayor of a town of forty thousand people
tells his own true, frank story. Used to wealth and luxury, spending thou-
sands of dollars a year in fashionable New York restaurants, a waster, disowned
by his father, he pulled himself up by the boot-straps. You may not believe
it in a novel, but you'll have to believe Howard’s own story. Net, $1.00.
(Ready October r6th.)

On The Last Frontier
By Stewart Edward White

Author of “‘The Rules of the Game,” “The Cabin,’
“The Riverman,” etc.

Mr. White has discovered a new Africa by
the simple expedient of finding the real one.
The public has been taught to believe that
Africa consists of lions, rhinos and native
guides. Mr. White has found a real people
whose life is highly interesting and whose
progress is wonderful. And he has seen, too,
the bountiful natural beauties and marvels
which lend fascination to this land of the Last
Frontier. Jllustrated. Net, $1.50. (Ready
October 24th.)

The Book of Grasses

By Mary Evans Francis

This is the first book written for the amateur
which takes up in a simple yet comprehensive
way the common and rare species of grass.
The work is thoroughly scientific in its treat-
ment without being forbidding or dull. Z/lus-
trations, 16 in color and 64 in black and white.

E 3 Net, $4.00. (Ready October 16th.)
By Rudyard Kipling

HIS is a new and beautiful edition of ‘‘Kim,”

made noteworthy by the reproduction in

colors of the terra-cotta placques, executed
by John Lockwood Kipling, ‘father of the author,
for the story of “Kim.”

For all lovers of Kipling the present edition will
be a treasure, both for its finished workmanship
and also asatribute to John Lockwood Kipling,
who in his day was said to know more about India
than any other man in or out of it. This edition
is the first impression from new type. Net, $3.50.

The Book of Woodcraft

The Spider Book

By John Henry Comstock

This is a scientific work, but is written with
the clarity and simplicity of style that has made
the author’s‘‘ Manual’’aclassic in the literature
of insect life. This first comprehensive book
on the habits and classification of a vast
natural group is a notable contribution to the
literature of science. Illustrations, 1 in color
and over 700 in black and white. Net, $4.00.

By Ernest Thompson Seton
Author of
“Two Little Savages,” “‘Rolf in the Woods,” etc.

Mr. Seton has here developed the woodcraft
principles set forth in his earlier interesting
manual, “The Birch-Bark Roll.” By Wood-
craft he means nature study, certain kinds of
hunting, the art of camping and all good out-
door athletics. No writer deals with out-door
life in so fascinating a way as Mr. Seton.
Illustrated, Cloth, net, $1.75. (Ready October

24th.)

Just-So Stories By Rudyard Kipling

It is hard to prevent our enthusiasm from running’away with us when we
come to speak of Mr. Gleeson’s work in illustrating the ‘‘Just-So Stories.”
After many years of close study and innumerable sketches, Mr. Gleeson has
executed a series of twelve drawings in full colors, which we and many others
believe are the best things that have ever been done. We believe that any one
who loves the ‘‘ Just-So Stories”’ will experience a new and unexpected delight when
he sees Mr. Gleeson’s illustrations. Net, $2.50. 12 Illustrations in colors byJ.M.
Gleeson. This edition is the first impression from new type. (Ready October 24th.)

Reminiscences of the South Seas By John LaFarge

Author of “100 Masterpieces of Painting,” “Great Masters,” etc.

Among the artists the thing for which Mr. LaFarge stood preéminently
was his pictures of the South Seas. He left behind hima journal and series
of letters covering his stay in Samoa and Fiji, which show in words the same sense
of the rich charm of color and line that make his paintings things of beauty.
Illustrations, 32 in color, 16 in black and white, by the author. Net, $7.50.
(Ready October 30th.)

(Just Out)

Aesop’s Fables Illustrated by Arthur Rackham

This volume adds another classic to the list of popular-priced books for which
Arthur Rackham has done such wonderful illustrations. Last year his Grimm’s
“Fairy Tales’ had a remarkable success as a Holiday gift-book. The
present volume is uniform in style with his ‘Alice in Wonderland” and, as can
readily be imagined, the material has been just as rich in possibilities.
Net, $1.50. De Luxe Edition, 250 copies, net, $10.00. (Ready in November.)

Charcoals of New and Old New York

By F H opkinson Smith Author of “A Day at Laguerre’s,’’ “Col.

Carter, of Cartersville,’ ‘“Peter,’’ etc.

If one were to look over the whole United States it would be difficult to find

a man more peculiarly fitted for this special task than Mr. Smith. Engineer,
artist, author, citizen of the world, he has brought a unique equipment to the
task of picturing the significant scenes of the Great City. Wall Street, the
Brooklyn Bridge, Castle Garden (where Jenny Lind sang), Old Trinity Church
— these and many others make up this beautiful volume. 20 J/lustrations. Net,
$5.00. Also Limited Edition de Luxe on large paper with special features and
signed by the author, 125 copies only. Price, net, $25.00. (Ready October 3oth.)

Publications of Doubleday, Page & Company

A Beautifully Illustrated Holiday Catalogue Sent Free on Request

7 The Readers’ Service will aid y
OctrosperR 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE SAMPITATSH ERAGE Loecalis hiSUl 115

BYZANTINE WONDER LILIES

An ideal decoration for your dining table or parlor—a unique gift highly appreciated by invalids or
shut-ins, to whom the unfolding of these flowers is a source of greatest interest and delight.

These bulbs bloom absolutely without SOIL or WATER. Placed in the light; preferably a sunny
window — the flowers shoot up as if by magic in succession, such beautiful satiny blossoms blush to rose
with a corolla of Golden Stamens in the center. Delicately fragrant in the sunshine. Bulbs bear, ac-
cording to size, 10, 20 and more flowers.

PRICE INCLUDES DELIVERY
Each 3 12 Each 3 12 Each

Large Bulbs $ .20 §$ .50 $1.75 Monster Bulbs §$ .30 $ .80 $2.75 Jumbo Bulbs 40 cents

The early French Hyacinth and Paper White Narcissus shown here were grown in our moss fiber,

the pictures taken from photos. Would you like to try this easy and genial method? No drainage,

no dirt, and assured success by following directions which we send with every order. To introduce ang

charming manner of flowering bulbs in winter we offer

~ With each lot of bulbs we send enough prepared moss
Specia fiber to grow them: <

12 Golden Trumpet Narcissus and Fiber . .50 24 Fragrant Freesias,2colors .., . . .50
12 Pure White Narcissusand Fiber .. . .60 3 White Easter Lilies . . .... . . .50
12 White and Golden Narcissus . ... . .60 4 Large CallaLilies . . . 50
12 Golden Sun Narcissus . . Soo ail) 12 Exquisite Early Winterflowering Crocus -50
6 Mammoth White French Hyacinths bos aa) 24 Oxalis,4colors . ........ . 50
6 Large Dutch Hyacinths,6colors .. . .50 12 Monster Jonquils ..... -50

The complete collection of 139 bulbs with enough prepared moss ies to
grow them and full directions to succeed best for $5.00. Delivery included.
¥, the Collection, 70 Bulbs and Fiber for $3.00
4 the Collection, 36 Bulbs and Fiber for $1.75

SEND FOR OUR CATALOGUE — It is well worth writing for. It is well produced,
profusely illustrated, and will enable you to secure that desiderata of all true amateur
gardeners—a distinctive and beautiful garden. It offers a host of out-of-the-way bulbs,
besides the best Hyacinths, Tulips, Narcissi, Crocus, etc. Address

H. H. BERGER & CO.

70 Warren Street Department J 26 New York

Big Crops from Little Trees

Dwarf Fruit Trees Solve the Problem of Fruit Growing in
Small Gardens. 40 Varieties of Apples, Pears and Cherries.

—— eee

“Dwarl Frit Tees Why You Should Buy Dwarf Trees

1. They bear bigger, better fruit; come into bearing several years
earlier, and produce more fruit from the space than standard
size trees.

2. They are easy to care for, because the heads are so low
that insect pests can be controlled. Picking is easy, because the
fruit is within reach.

3. With dwarf trees, you can use the land for vegetables, as
the shade is less dense.

You can have forty trees, with a variety, in a space 20 feet
square, save several years, get better fruit, and each tree should
bear a bushel a year.

We offer the best stock ever produced in this country. Our
apples are grafted on Paradise stock, and the pears on quince stock.
They will succeed in many places where standard trees would fail.

To secure full season’s growth, order at once for Fall
planting. Our illustrated Booklet including descriptions of
Varieties and Cultural Directions sent on request.

Write for this The Coneal Co.
Free Booklet Sheepshead Bay Long Island, N. Y.

Write to the Readers’ Service for
suggestions about garden furniture

116 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

OcToBER, 1912

<e mink

No matter who “takes”
The Youth's Companion
all hands read it.

EVERY TIME THE YOUTH’S COMPANION ENTERS A

HOME IT DOES THAT HOME A GENUINE SERVICE.

How To Get Eight Free Issues.

Every new subscriber who at once cuts out and sends this coupon or the

name of this publication with $2.00 for the new 1913 volume will receive:
This year’s eight November and December issues, including
the Holiday Numbers. AM 62
The Companion’s Window Transparency and Calendar for 1913,
the most beautiful novelty ever given Companion readers.
Then the fifty-two issues of 1913 —long hours of companionship
with the wise, the adventurous, the entertaining — all for less
than four cents a week.

THE YOUTH’S COMPANION, BOSTON, MASS.

AM6 AM 4I

how GILLETTS HARDY BULBS FOR FALL PLANTING

ALL is the time to plant native Trilliums,
Lilies, Dog-Tooth Violets, Bloodroot, Spring
Beauty, ete. This is the class of plants you
need to beautify your woodland. I can
supply them in quantity. The Trillium
Grandiflorum I can furnish for $4 per hundred.

Send for illustrated catalog, free

It contains descriptions of many plants suited to
woodland culture. It also contains descriptions of
Ferns, Primroses, Digitalis, Iris, Campanulas, etc.
Write to-day.

EDWARD GILLETT, Box F, Southwick, Mass,

RILLIUM
>I GRANDIFLORUM

> HILADELPHICUM.

desired temperature. The coop (as I call it) also
has a double bottom which allows the warm air
from the room to pass under it, so that the plants
are kept warm from underneath. I also have
double glass throughout, which prevents the cold
air from striking the inner glass. I also find it
handy to put bulbs in after they have been brought
up from the dark. The whole thing can be taken
down in the summer, as four screw nails hold it up
to the window frame.

I also have a glass enclosed projection from the
cellar window where I keep my geranium slips,

An ideal way in which to keep geranium slips over

winter. A cellar-window hothouse

which gets the heat from the coal furnace in the
cellar. I have a shelf to draw the plants out on if
the temperature outside goes down much below
zero, and I also have double glass on this box, with
manure banked on the outside, and a glass shelf
to put the plants on so as to let light down to the
lower plants. From these places I put the plants
into coldframes in the spring.

New York. A. Martin.

Let Cosmos Selfsow

OR years I have considered cosmos _ indis-

pensable and in order to secure a profusion of
early bloom I have always started it indoors
or in a frame, choosing the very earliest varieties.
An exceedingly early sort, Miss Julia E. Lee, gives
rather small flowers at the beginning of August.
Tints of Dawn is another favorite early blooming
hybrid.

It never occurred to me that by any chance
cosmos would easily sow itself. A few years ago,
some plants ripened seed which scattered in the
fall; the following spring a number of young plants
appeared and bloomed June 20th,— weeks earlier
than those from spring sown seed.

Since then I have deliberately allowed a few of
the largest and earliest blossoms to perfect their
seed. The young plants are far stronger than those
grown in the ordinary way, are well pinched back
to induce bushy growth and early flowering, and,
growing naturally closer together than plants set
out by hand, support one another so that they
rarely need staking. The majority of cosmos
plants need some support, so they are often massed
against fences or have to be staked. I have taken
advantage of this habit of theirs and always grow
some back of foxgloves and sweet Williams; when
the season of bloom for these is past, the flower
heads are cut off, and I draw the cosmos down over
and among the plants. As cosmos will root at the
joints and along the stems wherever they touch
the soil, the bent stems soon firmly anchor the
plants in their new position. I sometimes cover
part of the main stalk with soil to help matters
along.

New York. Mary B. PARET.

Write to the Readers’ Service for
suggestions about garden furniture

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

OcToBER, 1912

Trinidad Lake asphalt

Avoid roofings that
crack like old shoes,
because — :
the oils of their pores
dry-out after short ex-
posure to sun and _ air,
and leave the roofing life-
less and leaky. Get the
permanent roofing —

The natural A ng
Trinidad Lake asphalt
are lastingly stored in it.
That’s the difference be-
tween natural and arti-
ficial.

They keep Genasco pli-
able— always ready to

lag

ELL your painter and architect you want ‘°61’’ Floor Varnish on your

geeks, and Vitralite, The Long-Life White Enamel for all white effects.

61’ Floor Varnish will give you beautiful and durable floors that are

easy to take care of. “They need only be wiped with a damp cloth to
thoroughly clean them. 61’’ .ends the drudgery of constant cleaning.

resist every condition of
weather that attacks it.

Put Genasco on the
roof of all your farm-
buildings, and forget it.

Mineral or smooth surface. Sev-
eral weights. In handy rolls. Ready

*“61°? gives a finish that /asts on old or new
floors and linoleum — is mar-proof, heel-proof
and water-proof — will not turn white, show
heel marks nor scratches. It is the finish you
have been looking for. Prove it by sending for

Free Floor Booklet and Sample Panel

finished with ‘'61.”? Test it. Hit it witha hammer — stamp
onit. You may dent the wood but the varnish won’t crack.
Also send for Free Booklet — Decorative Interior Finishing, on
home decoration and finishing. It contains many helpful hints,

If you want a white enamel finish in your
home to be proud of, use Vitralite, The Long-
Life White Enamel, on wood, metal or plaster,
old or new—inside or outside. Givesa smooth,
porcelain-like gloss that is water-proof.

Vitralite Booklet and Sample Panel

finished with Vitralite, sent free, will demonstrate to you its
superiority. Writeforthem. Vitralite is pure white and stays
white — will notcrack nor chip. It is economical because
it spreads easily and covers so much surface.

to lay—and easily done by anyone.
Ask your dealer for Genasco.- Write
us for the helpful Good Roof Guide
Book and sample —
free.
The Kant-leak
Kleet, for smooth-
surface roofings,
makes seams water-
tight without ce-
ment, and prevents
nail-leaks.
The Barber Asphalt Paving Company

Largest producers of asphalt, and largest
manufacturers of ready roofing in the world.

~ Philadelphia
San Francisco

Pratt & Lambert Varnish Products are used by painters, specified by architects and sold by paint
and hardware dealers everywhere. ress all inquiries to Pratt & Lambert-Inc. 129 Tonawanda St.,

Buffalo, N. Y. In Canada, 73 Courtwright St., Bridgeburg, Ontario.

The nae Life

WHITE ENAMEL

New York

Chicago

50% Cheaper than Paint
100% More Artistic than Paint

Paint now costs more than twice as much as Cabot’s Stains, and
painting costs more than twice as much as staining, because the
stains can be applied more than twice as fast, using a wide, flat
brush, or dipping. The coloring effects are soft, deep, and trans-
parent—not painty—on shingles, siding, or bo: ards, and the creosote
penetrates and thoroughly preserves the wood. You save half
your painting bill, double the beauty of your house, and keep the
woodwork sound by insisting upon using the genuine.

Cabot’s Creosote Stains

You can get Cabot’s Stains all over the country,
Send for free samples and name of nearest agent,

SAMUEL CABOT, Inc.

——— ————SSS==a!
Made to order—to exactly match
the color scheme of any room

“You select the color—we’ll make
the rug."” Any width—seamless up
to 16 feet. Any length. Any color
tone—soft and subdued, or bright
and striking. Original, individual,
artistic, dignified. Pure wool or
camel’s hair, expertly woven at
short notice. Write for color card,
Order through your furnisher.

Thread & Thrum Workshop
Auburn, New York

Stained with Cabot’s Creosote Stains
Bonniwell & Son, Arch'ts, St. Petersburg, Fla.

Mfg. Chemist, 1 Oliver St., Boston, Mass.

What is a fair rental for a given
property? Ask the Readers’ Service

118 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

OcToBER, 1912

UseOXIDE of ZINC Paints

HE UP-TO-DATE ARCHITECT

whose first consideration is for his
client, will recommend OXIDE OF ZINC
PAINTS, properly made by machinery.
The evidence of their superior economy
and service will convince any reasonable
property owner.

Is your property protected and adorned
with the right kind of paint—

Oxide of Zinc Paint?

We do not grind Oxide of Zinc in Oil. A list of
manufacturers of Oxide of Zinc Paints
mailed on request.

The New Jersey Zinc Co.

NATIONAL CITY BANK BUILDING

55 Wall Street New York

n Early Winter

is predicted by the
weather-men. The
birds have gone south.
Are you going?
Whether you go or not,
why not make your
winter enjoyable? You
spend most of your
time indoors. The
proper heating system will make your
home comfortable and healthful. Get

at it early—install a

KELSEY

Warm
Air

GENERATOR

Takes fresh air and drives it properly
heated into all the rooms in the house.

Doesn't give off gas or burn the air
like a furnace. Doesn’t heat the air
over and over as steam and hot water
radiators do.

It is a different method of heating.

Send at once for Catalog and interesting booklet
““Achievements in Modern Heating.’’

KELSEY HEATING CO.
116 Fayette St., Syracuse, N. Y.
New York Office, 156 R. Fifth Avenue

New Style Book of Dutch Furniture

The most complete Arts and Crafts Furniture Style Book
ever offered will be mailed to yOu free — upon request.

It contains an instructive and interesting story about how, why
and where this charming furniture is made — several beautiful
colored interiors and illustrates over 300 patterns of real Holland
Dutch Furniture made in a quaint little Dutch city by clever
Dutch Craftsmen, who impart a distinctive touch and individ-
uality to every piece which bears our branded Trade Mark.

We will send you the address of our Associate Distributor
nearest you. Call on him and ask to see

Limbert’s Arts and Crafts Furniture

Charles P. Limbert Company
Grand Rapids, Mich.

Dept. N Holland, Mich.

Grow Dwarf Apple Trees

Novel, but practical, and intensely interesting. Require less room.
Easily cultivated, pruned and sprayed. Bear fruit earlier than the
standards. Make little shade, permitting other crops to be grown
between the rows. May be trimmed and trained on wire to grow
in almost any shape. Suburbanites, farmers and amateur horticultur-

iy,

aD NH © \ alists alike find pleasure and profit growing dwarf apple trees. No
PWV SL, mall garden or orchard is now complete without several of these wonder-
DX - fully productive trees,
Z ) VARIETIES:—Duchess of Oldenburg, yellow, striped red; Winter Maiden’s
gy ae Blush, red cheek; Bismarck, red, beautiful; Red Astrachan, crimson.
i S I also carry a complete line of Nursery Stock, Asparagus Roots, California
} \ Privet, Strawberry Plants, etc.
[rans Vv Prompt Shipment. Send today for Illustrated Booklet, Free.
at Bane eS hie
2 a7 )-|“ ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Box T, Moorestown, N. J.

The Winter Behavior of Some
Plants in 1911-12

pete winter of 1911-1912 was a peculiar one;
it gripped the country in an icy grasp and
scarcely relaxed for the Customary January thaw.
Unlike our usual winters in North Dakota there
was no bluster, not a single blizzard from the be-
ginning of winter to the end of spring. There was a
fair covering of snow all winter; but the frost pene-
trated deep, the cold driving it in with irresistible
force. The two years previous had left the ground
rather deplete of moisture. Although of course the
plants were well watered and cultivated all summer,
it should be borne in mind that the soil moisture
which results from watering is not the same in
quantity or effect as that which is found in rain-
soaked land. The shrubs and perennials therefore
went into the winter somewhat dry, though to all
appearances the plants had had enough water.

The old reliable Spir@a Van Houttet, than which
we considered nothing more hardy, has failed to live
up to its reputation. Many of these shrubs died
down to the root and others came into leaf feebly
and sparsely. Nowhere will there be next spring
that bank of white that greeted the eye in other
years. The past winter, therefore, has proved the
limit of this shrub’s ability to endure cold. The Tar-
tarian honeysuckle was clad in verdure and covered
with bloom while the spirea looked sick. Clearly
the honeysuckle can endure a greater degree of cold.
Berberis Thunbergi has gone through the past
winter much better than it does in a usual winter.
Even fall-planted Berberis Thunbergi has killed
back but very little while in other years it has killed
back almost to the ground. It would seem then
that the Berberis Thunbergi can endure as much
and perhaps a little more cold but much less wind
than Spir@a Van Houttei.

Some of the matrimony vines situated on a steep
grade have died out, while all other vines have died
back in the cane. Elsewhere this vine has died
back in the cane likewise though not clear to the
roots. ‘There is one in particular, established for a
number of years, ten feet high against a porch,
that this year had to be cut down.

Tamarix, one of the most tender things that we
can carry through the winters of the Northwest and
which we expect to kill back to the stub every
year, has passed through the past winter in better
shape than usual. A number of the shrubs are
starting out up from the ground even as high
as three feet.

Fall planted material has behaved rather well.
Hawthorns that were moved last fall are doing
finely. Cut-leaf sumachs set out in October leafed
out somewhat near the ground it is true, but no one
is going to criticise them for killing back a little.
Transplanted snowballs have also gone through
the winter well, high bush cranberry in like manner.
Transplanted lilacs are doing beautifully; a few of
the larger shrubs that were moved last fall
bloomed vigorously this spring. Why a Clematis
paniculata established for many years in a sheltered
location from the northwest winds should die
completely, and a Clematis Jackmani, twice moved
in fall, should live through the winter, is one of
those inexplicable happenings that meet the
gardener on every side.

Delphiniums have gone through the winter in
excellent shape, while some of the garden pinks did
not. Sweet William also killed out consider-
ably. Phlox, both that planted in fall and also
well established plants, have done very well. Iris
pumila and the German iris, fall planted and old
clumps, are growing like weeds. The peonies have
done splendidly; the tiger lilies keep on multiplying
as you please; the lemon lilies and the blackberry
lilies, fall planted as well as established clumps,
have grown this year as never before. Oriental
poppies are more thrifty than ever. Boltonia
asteroides, situated at the edge of a three foot terrace
where there might have been a lack of moisture,
killed out completely. They bloomed, however,
last fall. Native wild sunflowers, transplanted
while in full bloom last fall, are coming up very
nicely this year. The plants were watered but
twice after being méved from the wild and the
ground froze up rather early. They received no
winter protection.

Of about fifty red cedars transplanted last fall

If a probl 1s in your garden write t
Octoper, 1912 siigtaeh ye GeAGEID) EN’ IMVA’G AVZATNG fo fesse serra, rare me te 119

We want
you to
taste these

TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT OFF

Fourteen kinds of biscuit

\\ : Window Shades goodies a little more
tempting than any confec-

—have your dealer show you tions you ever ate. | Specialties
the three popular priced grades

Clever housekeepers have chosen the original Brenlin
Unfilled Shades for a million and a half windows.

M f these housek oan , have had d i i i its— i i
= OR eas HENS ee need HEY eles English Style Biscuits sugar wafers and biscuit bonbons
CES Haar eae etna for a Brenlin'stan: —the “Quality Biscuits of America.” They are light and wholesome as

Go to your dealer today and let him show you how we ° ° ° ° °
have met this demand with two new grades of Brenlin— | the Sunshine in which they are baked, in the “Bakery with a Thousand
Brenlin Filled and Brenlin Machine Made—making in all,

three Brenlin quality grades, priced for the ordinary window | Windows.” One of them is called Hydrox—a chocolate cream biscuit as

—1 yard wide x 2 yards long—at

75c, 55c and 25c delicious as it sounds. It is made of two crisp chocolate wafers joined with
Brenlin Unfilled the ee Ae soutd atways | @ thick layer of richly-flavored cream—a most appetizing dainty to serve

be chosen for every window where length of service and at- ° ° ° ee
tractive appearance, are the first considerations. For this | With jelly, or ices or tea, or a complete dessert in itself.
shade is made of closely woven cloth without the ‘‘filling”

that so often cracks and falls out in unsightly streaks Send us your name and address and the name of yout grocer with 10c (stamps or coin) to pay

and “pinholes”. Sun won’t fade it nor water spot it. A A : é A
It is supple —not stiff, yet always hangs SEAieHE and postage, and we will send you this Sunshine “Revelation Box” FREE. Or, simply send us your own
smooth—and really shades. Made in many artistic tones. and your grocer’s name and we will send you our Sunshine “Taste Box,” containing five kinds, Free

For windows 1 yd. x 2 yds., 75c. Special sizes and Brenlin
Duplex—white one side, dark the other, made to order at
proportionate prices. 561C St es
Brenlin Filled at 55c and Brenlin Machine 4 auseway ree
Made at 25c, for windows 1 yd.x 2 yds.will be Joosr WiLes Biscuit (omPANY BOSTON, MASS
foundbyfar the best values in shades at these ? mA

prices. Cut full length and finished with Bakers of Sunshine Biscuits
unusual care.

Write for the Brenlin Book Today

This book shows actual samples of Brenlin
in all colors, and gives many helpful sug-
gestions for the artistic treatment of your
windows. With it we will send youthe name
of the Brenlin dealer in your town. CHas. W.
BRENEMAN & Co., 2073-83 Reading Road,
Cincinnati, Ohio.

For sale by leading dealers everywhere

and postpaid. Address

Mail Orders

If no dealer in
your town can
supply Brenlin
write us and

of orders by
mail everyyear

Model Extension
Carnation Support

. Berckmans’ nursery doesn’t grow skimpy bushes; it
Endorsed by all the leading grows generous specimens — and we never call a plant a
specimen unless it is bushy, stocky, and vigorous and has
had special care. We grow shrubs on rich land far enough

1 apart to enable every one to spread out, and we put 56
Over 3,000,000 in Use years of know-how into the cultivation. They’re distinctive —

growers of the country as the best
support for carnations made.

. i i ing ke the lawn at the
Price 50c per doz., $3.50 per 100 see how attractive our big, blooming bushes make. v
P 4 $ P right, and then wonder what it would have been with ordinary stock.
Send for price list and catalogue Get Berckmans’ Catalog NOW :
of other garden speciallies Everything to make the home ground attractive is described and priced moderately in our
64 page catalog. Write for it now and let us help you select trees and shrubs for fall planting
IGOE BROTHERS We have a special department for landscape work. Consult us; charges are reasonable.

Box 1070 B, Augusta, Ga. P. J. BERCKMANS CO. Inc., Fruitland Nurseries

} 67-71 Metropolitan Ave., Brooklyn,N. Y.

If you wish information about dogs
apply to the Readers’ Service

120 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

OctoperR, 1912

The Roofings
That Have and Will

Some roofing claims are filled with
‘wills ’’—“ They will last’”’—“ They will
not need repairs’’—etc., etc. You hear a great
mas deal about what the old-time shingles have done.

NEPONSET
PAROIOD ROOFING

The Real Rival of Best Shingles

and other NEPONSET Roofings are the roofings that prove to you what they
have done before asking you to judge what they will do. For instance: In
1898, in Havana, Cuba, the U. S. Government roofed a storehouse with
NEPONSET Paroid. Last year when the storehouse was torn down the roofing
was found to be in perfect condition. Isn’t that the kind of a roof you want
on your farm buildings ?

Send for Our Booklet on Roofing

and the name of a NEPONSET dealer near you. He’s a good man to know. Send a postal

today.
F.W. BIRD & SON
Established 1795 NEPONSET ;
226 Neponset Street, East Walpole, Mass. Proslate Roofing
New York Chicago Washington Portland, Ore. San Francisco makes a handsome red or

green roof for houses.

PET EEET OCTET ETE TE

Canadian Plant: Hamilton, Ont.

MU RUR TOR UORURUINUUROSTRUDMOLNOROOUAMHRRUOUITNAD NOTIN

|

KILLED BY SCIENCE
DANYSZ VIRUS is a

RA I Bacteriological Preparation

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3214 WALNUT ST. PHILADELPHIA |

A The WITT CORNICE CO.,

CANS and PAILS
are heavily galvanized, and
resist rust indefinitely. Un-
affected by the worst winter
snowsand rains. Three sizes of
can and pail—at your dealer's
or direct. Look for the yellow

Dept. 9,
Cincinnati,

Ohio

not one has failed. They are situated on a gentle
slope, were well watered when moved and: several
times thereafter, and covered with a blanket of
leaves and strawy manure. The trees averaged
three feet high.

The behavior of the bulbs was rather out of the
ordinary. Tulips were late, due as much to our
cool spring as to the severe winter but otherwise
normal. Narcissus were not in good bloom until
Decoration Day, both established and fall planted
bulbs, and single and double. To be able to pick
several hundred blossoms for Decoration Day
comes very opportune, but to have narcissus when
peonies start into bloom does not seem exactly
right. It was not a matter of deep or shallow plant-
ing for the established bulbs were earlier in years
past, some of them poked their little roses above
ground fully a month earlier in other springs.

North Dakota. C. L. MELLER.

How Southerners Grow Sweet
Peas

@cicees and November are probably the
best months for planting sweet pea seed, with
December to February the next best time. Sweet
peas are not generally grown in the South be-
cause of the general supposition that they will not
succeed on account of the hot weather in the sum-
mer. From repeated trials in my garden I know this
is not so; just as fine sweet peas can be produced
here in the South as in any other place, provided
they are planted at the right time and properly
cared for. Seed sown in October and November will
usually produce flowers very early in April in the
lower South; and those sown in January produce
flowers in May and will continue to flower until
July or later, provided the soil is kept moist by
mulching and the flowers kept cut off and not al-
lowed to make seed pods.

I prepare the soil by spading it up good and deep
so that the long roots can easily penetrate the soil.
I then spade out trenches fifteen inches deep and
twenty-four inches wide, place good strawy manure
in them to a depth of four inches, and cover this with ~
fine, rich soil to within four inches of the surface.
Allow this to settle for a week or two, and then sow
the seed in double rows, two to three feet apart,
with the single rows eight inches apart. Place a
row of brush or poultry netting in the middle of
these single rows, thus producing double rows.
By this plan one row of brush or netting will serve
two single rows of vines, while in the single row
plan a row of brush is required for each row of vines.
Sow the seed rather thickly in order to get a good
start at first, as this is better than to be stingy with
seed and probably have to replant, or be contented
with a poor stand. One ounce of seed is required
for each thirteen feet of row. Cover the seed with
soil one inch deep.

When the peas are well up cultivate carefully
and thin them out. And use good judgment in
thinning, as different soils and varieties require
different spacing. When allowed to stand too close
together, vines are produced at the expense of the
flowers, or the vines turn to a sickly yellow and fail
to grow or flower. If the plants are thinned too
much there are not enough of them to cover the
brush. Five or six inches apart in the drill is consid-
ered the proper distance under average conditions.

Cultivate thoroughly and frequently, gradually
working the soil up to the plants until the trench
is filled in. Always keep the soil loose around the

OcToBER, 1912

They cost no more from us than
from others.

BUT—

We Grow Peonies
—Nothing Else

It’s significant.

Distinctive catalog

Mohican Peony Gardens
Box 300, Sinking Spring, Penna.

TMedding

@ Visiting cards and stamped
stationery with personality.

q Correct styles that reflect the
good form and social standing of
those who use them.

@ They are engraved in an
artistic shop at moderate prices.
@ Samples on request — they will
make you glad you requested them.

16 VY ce t t 319 N. Charles Street

BALTIMORE, MD.

THE GARDEN

Write to the Readers’ Service
For information about live stock 12

MAGAZINE

DREER’S

, Giant Trumpet

DAFFODILS

There are no hardy bulbs which have
more points of merit than the Nar-
cissus or Daffodils; perfectly hardy,
growing and doing well either indoors
or ea in the Brien all positions seem to suit them.

The Giant Trumpet sorts are the handsomest of the genus and
of these we offer this season fourteen of the very finest kinds,
which planted this Autumn are sure to give you a bountiful har-
vest of gold and silver blossoms next spring. We offer as
follows:

1 each of the 14 sorts for $1.00 by mail

3 6 “ce “ 14 “c “ce 2.25 “ “

6 “ “ “ 14 “ “ 4.00 “ oo

In addition to the above we have a splendid collection of the Poet’s, Star,

Double and other Daffodils as well as Spring Flowering Bulbs of all

kinds. Seeds and Plants for Autumn planting, all illustrated and
described in our Autumn Catalogue. Free for the asking.

HENRY A. DREER faatetenrs

Landscape Gardening

Pror. Craic
250 page catalogue free.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL

A course for Home-makers and
Gardeners taught by Prof. Craig
and Prof. Beal, of Cornell Uni-
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Gardeners who understand up-to-
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A knowledge of Landscape Gar-
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who would have the pleasantest
homes.

Tennis Court Enclosures, Usinpanle Wire Mesh
and Spiral Netting (Chain Link) Fences for Estate F
Boundaries and Industrial Properties—Lawn Furni-
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F. E. CARPENTER CO.,

Write today.

253 Broadway
New York City

Dept. G., Springfield, Mass.

DON’T PAY TWO PRICES

Save $8.00 to $22.00 on

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Why not buy the Best when you can buy
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Burner

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19 Union Stock Yards, Chicago

Wizzard Brand is sold by first-class seedsmen

2 WAGON LOADS
STABLE)!

|

JOHN DAVEY
Father of Tree Surgery!

COPYRIGHT 1912

NUH

ave; the eli re

Trees require occasional expert attention
to keep them in healthy condition. Often-
times trees that appear sound are slowly
dying. They may topple over any time,
causing property loss, if not loss of life.
Have your trees examined at once.

DAVEY TREE EXPERTS
DO

this work, when requested, without cost.
The charge of afterwards treating diseased
trees in many cases is no more than the
cost of carting dead trees away. Don’t let
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Davey Tree Expert Co. WE NEVER
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Write today and arrange for a free examination. Per i

The Davey Tree Expert Co.

255 Oak Street, Kent, Ohio

Branch Offices: New York, Chicago, Toronto
Canadian Address: 707 New Birks Bldg.
Montreal

Representatives Available
verywhere

For information regarding railroad and steam-

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE

122 ship lines, write to the Readers’ Service
LOVETT’S @3incte

As Beautiful as the Lily, Sweet-Scented as
the Rose, as Hardy as the Oak.

After their profusion of great, hand-
some, varied-colored blooms have faded,
their rich, glossy, dark green foliage
leaves them still one of the most mag-
nificent ornamental plants.

Peonies are never bothered with disease
or insects, and once planted are no more
bother whatever, blooming every season.

Set Out Peonies and Perennials
Now for Next Spring Blooming

Autumn is also the best time to plant Lilies,
Hardy Shrubs, and Vines, Evergreen Trees,
Hedges, Berry Plants, Grape Vines, etc.

For 34 years I have been in this business right here
at Little Silver.

I have more than 200 acres devoted to growing only plants, shrubs and flowers
that I know to be all right for my customers, and | never allow a thing to leave my place that is

HERBACEOUS PEONIES

not right up to the mark. My prices are very moderate, and | know I can please you.

WRITE TO-DAY FOR MY FREE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE

Gives descriptions and prices of everything. I advise everyone to plant as many peren-

nials as they have room for.

J.T. LOVETT, Monmouth Nursery

They are by far the most satisfactory flowering plants.

Box 125, Little Silver, N. J.

Guaranteed under the Insecticide Act, 1910. Serial No. 321.

Save your plants and trees. Here is an insecticide that
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Used according to directions our standard Insecticide will
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Non-poisonous and harmless to user and plant. Leading
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46 Pint - - 25c; Pint, - - 40c; Quart, - - - 75c;
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10 Gallon Can, $17.50
Dilute with water 30 to 50 parts

For Sale by Seedsmen and Florists’ Supply Houses

If you cannot obtain this from your Supply House, write us direct

Lemon Oil Company
Dept. L. 420 W. Lexington St., Baltimore, Md.

Dutch Bulbs

We have just received from our Nurseries
at Sassenheim, Holland, a full supply of

DARWIN and EARLY TULIPS
HYACINTHS, NARCISSI,
CROCUSES, Etc.

of exceptionally fine quality. Order early
while assortment is complete.

CHOICE PEONIES

in strong clumps from our Deerfield Nursery.
Everything of the best and at very
attractive prices,

Send for Catalogue.

FRANKEN BROTHERS
Deerfield, Dlinois.

Hardy Permanent Gardens Now

One of the many
ground plans shown
in our booklet on
“Hardy Gardens
Easily Made.”’

an Open-

Sesame to the Busy Man

In our attractive booklet ‘(Hardy Gardens Easily Made For The Busy Man” we have

endeavored to simplify the making of a Garden of Perennials or Old-Fashioned Flowers

by prepared plans adaptable to most situations with lowest estimates of cost that make
them no longer a Utopian Dream. Let us send you one and save hours of needless

worry over catalogues and su

rise yourself with what can be done for so little money.

THE PALISADES NURSERIES, Inc.

Growers of Palisades Popular Perennials, and Landscape Gardeners

Sparkill, N. Y.

R. W. Clucas, Mgr.

Visitors always welcome at our Nurseries, where they can make selections from more than a thousand varieties of Hardy Plants

OcTosBpeEr, 1912

plants; if it is alowed to become packed hard
it will check the growth of the peas. But don’t.
cultivate too deeply, as this will also prove in-
jurious to the plants, and don’t work them too soon
after a rain when the soil is wet, or in the morning
when the dew is on the plants.

In dry weather place fresh cut grass from the
lawn around the plants to preserve the moisture
and keep the soil cool. This mulching should be
one or two inches thick. Liquid manure will also.
prove beneficial if applied in the trenches in the late
evening, in sufficient quantities to wet the soil
thoroughly, and often enough to keep it from be-
coming dry and hard. A moist, rich loam is best
suited for sweet peas though they can be grown
successfully in any garden soil, but by no means.
plant them in very poor soil where nothing else will
grow, and expect good results.

The pea louse or green aphis is the most trouble-
some insect to sweet peas in this section, but it can
be kept down by spraying with a weak solution of
kerosene emulsion every day after sundown.

Where one wants only a few sweet peas, plant
some of the up-to-date mixtures prepared by a
reliable seedsman. I myself prefer to keep the
different colors separate and combine the flowers
after cutting. ;

As to varieties, there is really more in plant-
ing and cultivating than in what kind you are
planting. However, I have found the following
excellent:

Mont Blanc, dwarf pure white, very early; Bur-
pee’s Earliest, white dwarf growth; Emily Hender-
son, white; Early White Wonder, very large, six
flowers to a stem, late; Shasta, white, late; Agnes
Eckford, large, light pink; Janet Scott, deep pink;
Prince of Wales, rose; Emily Eckford, light purple;
Othello, deep maroon; Navy Blue, very large;
America, striped with red and white, large, medium
early; King Edward Spencer, crimson scarlet,
very large and fine; George Herbert, rose carmine;
Helen Lewis, crimson orange; White Spencer, large;
American Spencer, very large and fine, color same
as America grandiflora; Florence Nightingale, a
very large and fine lavender Spencer; Hon. Mrs.
E. Kenyon, buff yellow; Clare Curtis, fine large
deep cream Spencer.

Bulb Planting in the South

[pete Dutch bulb planting season in the South
really began last month, but most of it is done
during October. Hyacinths, in my estimation, are
the most beautiful; plant either in glasses, bowls,
or in the open ground. Chinese sacred lily, nar-
cissus and jonquils, tulips and crocus, can also be
planted now in the open ground or in boxes, as also
bulbs of scilla, sparaxis, tritelia and calla. A
rich, sandy loam soil in a sunny spot is probably the
best for these bulbs. Be sure to get large ones,
because, if you plant very small ones and the season
is extreme in any way, they may not flower at all.
I have had such failures.

Toward the end of the month and on a clear,
sunny day dig sweet potatoes. Do not wait until
frost kills the vines; there are usually some tubers
that have pushed their way out of the soil and these
would surely get frost bitten and, when stored with
other potatoes, would cause rot. It is very neces-
sary that potatoes be thoroughly dry when stored,
and kept so, in as even a temperature as possible,
which can be easily done if the potatoes are in the
house. If, however, you have left them in hills,
use plenty of pine straw or pine needles, which
quickly absorb moisture. When you use plenty
of straw or leaves use less dirt in banking up
the hills.

Commence to set out strawberry plants during
the month, also violets. Continue to sow seeds of
pansies, carnations, sweet William, and dianthus or
Chinese pinks, in boxes or hotbeds. Begin sowing
seeds of sweet peas for the earliest and largest
bloom.

Plant all lilies just as soon as you can get the
bulbs, in rich soil. You simply cannot get the
soil too rich for lilies.

Order your fruit and shade trees now, and as I
have said many times before, patronize a reliable
nurseryman, so as to know that the stock you
purchase will be as represented.

Georgia. THOMAS J. STEED.

‘

VCROB RE 1912

= r L oble x de
TES GAR IDI IN WONG AYAIUN IS SO HG eee: csstance i 123

2nd Large Printing

IT IS NOT ENOUGH
TO RECOMMEND
THIS BOOK, BUT WE
BEG THe READER
TO READ SLOWLY
AND CAREFULLY,
TO REALIZE APPRE-
CIATIVELY THE
ENTIRE CHARM OF
A REFRESHINGLY
DELICIOUS STORY.

—Literary Digest.

The Recording Angel

By
CORRA HARRIS
Author of
“The Circuit Rider’s Wife,’ Etc.

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London’s

tale of the adventures of David Grief

A SON
OF THE SUN

HESE are good, red-blooded tales of the South

Sea Islands as Jack London knows how to tell

| them. David Grief, the man about whom these
} yarns are spun, has amassed great wealth, not be-
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who cared nothing for gold, but loved the adven-

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pure joy of it, liking it best when the risk of life f
and limb was greatest, and it is the adventures of
this man which Mr. London tells with such vivid
and impressionistic pictures of the Southern Seas.

Four illustrations in black and white by
A. O. Fischer and C. W. Ashley. Net $1.20

These tales do for the South

Seas what “The Call of the

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Doubleday, Page & Company
Garden City New York

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Wagner’s Bulb and
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) WRITE FOR IT. FREE

The Fall Best of All! Plant now

Follow the successful growers. Our catalogue tells you of the finest hardy
They are fall planters, largely. Conditions are nursery stock.

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WAGNER PARK NURSERIES ‘Box 675 SIDNEY, O.

i

OcTtoBeER, 1912

Resetting Old Bulbs

EVERAL seasons ago, when my bed of daffo-
dils refused to bloom, I found that the bulbs
needed resetting. As almost everyone knows the
roots of bulbous plants not only grow and store in
their enfolding layers the substance needed for the
following year’s growth and bloom, but they also
reproduce themselves by the thickening of part of
their scaly covering into a well-defined bulblet or
tiny growth at the base of the bulb or corm, by small
budlike projections upon the surface of the original
bulb (as with the crocus), or by the formation of
pips or eyes from which new plants are formed
(lily-of-the-valley). They may also multiply by
the prolongation of the root stalk, as with the iris.
Of course, if the bulbs were originally planted with
plenty of room between them, these new formations,
which eventually sap the life of the parent bulb,
would simply carry the flowering section of the mass
farther away from its original location each year;
but if the original bed was planted with but a few
inches between each bulb, in order to get a quick
mass effect, the increasing families of bulbs result in
overcrowding, with a decreasing amount of bloom.
The lily-of-the-valley, narcissus, jonquil, and tulip
suffer greatly under these cramped conditions.
They should be reset every second year at least.
Iris should be reset every fourth year in early
September. Jonquils, narcissus, tulips and most
of the other hardy bulbs may be reset any time
from the middle of September until freezing
weather.

If your bulb bed has been untouched for a long
time, the new bed may require four or five times as
much space. If it has had attention every second
year, it will probably require twice as much space.
It is wise, when replanting, to sort the bulbs ac-
cording to size, however; the large, thrifty ones will

On the left. daffodil bulbs from a neglected bed; at
the right, two bulbs from a two-year-old bed

usually furnish next season’s bloom while the
tiny ones will prove disappointing and should be
planted where their shortcomings will be over-
looked.

I find that a spade and a fork are about the best
tools to use in unearthing the bulbs, with a long
slender garden trowel or a dibble for resetting.
Work from the outer portion of the bed toward the
centre. Plunge the spade into the bed at a short
distance from the supposed spot, press down upon
the handle lever fashion and raise the clurp of
roots without cutting them. If they are hard to
find after digging, thrust the fork in well below the
bulb depth and lift the earth shaking it through the
tines of the fork.

In separating the bulbs or pips that have multi-
plied, it is only necessary to pull them apart, keep-
ing with each division a share of the rootlets. The
jonquils, tulips, narcissus and similar bulbs may be
found in groups of eight, ten or a dozen bulbs.
Where there are but one or two small bulbs beside
the large bulb they should be separated also. The
root of the iris will require to be cut or broken
into its natural divisions.

In planting jonquils and narcissus simply make
holes in the new bed, four inches deep and six inches
apart. Drop the bulb into the hole — upright, of
course — and cover. For tulips a depth of two
and one-half inches is enough, placing the bulbs
three and one half and four inches apart.

Crocus and snowdrops may be dropped into holes
two inches deep and about three inches apart made
in the lawn when the sod is moist, pressing the sod
together above the bulbs to cover them.

New Jersey M. R. CONOVER.

OcTOBER,1912

This Greenhouse and
Fifty Others are Fully
Described in Our Catalog

T’S the catalog you want if you want

to know the really important things to

know, before putting your money in a
greenhouse.

Any greenhouse you buy will un-
questionably give you a deal of pleasure,
but some will most certainly give you
more than others, simply because they
are planned better, built better, and
equipped better.

Naturally we feel our houses to be
better than others. This catalog, “Hitch-
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and tells why.

Send for it and look thoroughly into
both whys—then make your decision.

Hitchings & Co.

Address your letter direct to our main office at
800 Louisa Street, Elizabeth, N. J.
Or call at the New York Branch
1170 Broadway

How to Save Xmas Money

Write for photo-illustrations of all the beautiful de-
signs in Piedmont Southern Red Cedar Chests. Protect
furs and woolens from moths, mice, dust and

\jdamp. Finest Christmas, birthday or wedding gift.

Moth Proof Gedar Chests

i

r Eleva oH Y 4
roa,

PIEDMONT RED CEDAR CHEST CO,
Dept. 40 Statesville, N. C.

HAZEL-ATLAS “E-Z SEAL”

The very best Fruit Jar—Ask your grocer.

UnTenally well - bred

Fairfax Roses and well- grown; will §

succeed anywhere. Free Catalogue telis all about them.
W. R. GRAY, Box 6, Oakton, Fairfax County, Va.

PROTECT YOUR TREES

From rabbits and insects by using our Tree Pro-
tectors. Write us for description and price.
500 acres in nursery stock.
Send for our catalogue.
THE ELIZABETH NURSERY CO.
Elizabeth, N. J.

| Hardy Plants Plant Now

Phlox. Pink, White, Red. Larkspur. Light and Dark Blue
Columbine. Various Colors
I5¢ each. $1.50 per dozen. $70.00 Per T00

General Collection of Hardy Plants.
FREDERIC J. REA

Cash with order.

NORWOOD, MASS.

The Readers’ Service is dt
ap H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E aaeise saves Head Te eehoate 125

Your |

OOTS
loo
Should
Loo
like |

This WHETHER your. floors are old or new, of

soft wood or hard, painted or unpainted,
stained or unstained, or covered with linoleum or oil-
cloth, you can easily keep them in a beautiful, bright, |
sanitary condition with \

STANDARD VARNISH WORKS \

FLOOR FINISH 7

Look for the Trade-mark on a Yellow Label. All others are imitations

The One Perfect Floor Varnish

ELASTICA is especially intended for use on wood floors, oilcloth

and linoleum. By following the directions on each can of ELAS- :
TICA, you can easily secure a beautiful, sanitary, faultless surface d
which defies the hardest sort of wear—a floor which is heel proof, j
caster proof and “boy proof.”

SEND FOR BOOK 92

“How to Finish Floors’”—Home Edition. Profusely illustrated, rich
in suggestions for making and keeping floors beautiful. Also, ask
for a set of exquisitely colored postcards showing handsome in-
terior, which will be sent with our compliments. Address

“STANDARD VARNISH WW/ORKS-

29 Broadway, New York; 2620 Armour Avenue,
Chicago, Ill.; 301 Mission St., San Francisco,
Cal.; or International Varnish Co.,
Ltd., Toronto, Canada

Plant for Immediate Effect
Not for Future Generations

Start with the largest stock that can be secured!
years to grow many of the Trees and Shrubs as we offer.

We do the long waiting—thus enabling you to secure Trees and Shrubs that
give an immediate effect. Send for Fall price list. ;

ANDORRA NURSERIES "&

WM. WARNER HARPER, Proprietor

It takes over twenty

CHESTNUT HILL,
PHILADELPHIA, PA.

The Readers’ Service will give you
suggestions for the care of live-stock

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

ONES

az DAIRY FARM&

SAUSAGE

Every
step in the
making of Jones
Dairy Farm Sausage

is taken under the per-

sonal direction of myself

and family.

Only the choicest parts of
little milk-fed pigs are used and
the spices we grind ourselves. To
a certain extent, we can even sea-
son to suit you personally.

Nothing else goes into our sau-
sage, and being made on a real

farm, by farm people, it is quite
naturally real farm sausage and it
tastes and looks the part.

Let your grocer tell you about
us—about our prices, the size of

our packages, our ‘‘standing
order” plan, and our green-hickory
smoked hams and bacon, to say
nothing of lard and pure maple
syrup.
Let us know if you want
your order specially prepared,
or sent direct by express.

MILO C. JONES

Jones Dairy Farm
Box 635 Fort Atkinson

Wisconsin

The Farm

in Winter

BONORA the Greatest Fertilizer in the World

——— Se Try it and be astonished at the
SSS >
Ss q results. Your early Fall vegeta-
\ FZ bles need it. Bonora will make
THE GREATEST DI
OF MODERN TIMES. your flowers, rose bushes and ff
PLANT FO() house plants continue to bloom

until late into the Winter. Used
and endorsed by the greatest
authorities. Order direct or
} from your seed dealer. Put up
in dry form as follows:

Bonora CHENICAL CO 11b.making 28 gallons _.65

S84 Baoaowar, New YOR Slbs. “* 140 $ 2.50
10 280te 4.75
50 1400 *“* 22.50
Bonora Chemical Co. 515317 Broadway

Hardy Plants to Bloom all
Summer

Y THE usual methods of permanent planting it

is a tough proposition to adapt hardy plants

to small places so that a succession of flowering

can be had. In large areas, succession of bloom,

color schemes, and the thousand and one little

things some people think must be worked out with

mathematical precision, on paper, can be indulged

in to the limit; but the fellow with the two by four

spot is in difficulties unless he makes his plants fit
his limited space.

For some years I have taken about the smallest
area possible and demonstrated to my own satis-
faction that hardy plants are just as suitable to use
there as any other kind; in fact I think that the
hardy plants have the call for profusion of bloom
and variety of displays. The beds are three and
one half feet in diameter and circular in shape.
They are dug out to the depth of half a whiskey
barrel, because each successive floral display is
grown in a tub about that size. When one display
shows signs of passing, another tub is ready; the
old one is taken out of the hole and the new one
substituted. This may seem like a lot of work but
in reality it is not. I have eight tubs which I use
for this purpose, and all but the first and last two
are for hardy plants.

When filling the tubs, put into the bottom a
liberal lining of broken pots, or stones. JI use a rich
soil that does not pack down hard. In placing the
plants arrange them so that they do not all point
straight up, but strive to get an irregular, globular

aoe

Q me Eatin,
For low, dwarf, impenetrable hedges
One of the handsomest flowering shrubs. Often planted
singly. Abundant foliage of rich green, changing in
Autumn to an attractive crimson. Its beauty is enhanced
by a profusion of drooping yellow flowers which later are

followed by bright red berries.

Hardy plants, 15 cents each; $1.25 per dozen, postpaid.
2-yr. size, 25 cents each; $2 per dozen. 3-yr. size, 4o cents
each; $3 per dozen, by express. Carefully packed and
shipped. Write for catalog.

THE CUNARD & JONES CO.
Box 24, West Grove, Pa.
Growers of the “Best Roses for America”

form of plant. Put handles on the tubs. With a
three and one half foot bed there will be a space
around the tub when put in position and this should
be filled with loam and sod.

Some of my strikingly attractive shows have
been with arabis, Canterbury bells, foxgloves and
the fire bush, Nochia tricophylla. This latter was
wonderfully successful both in its beautiful dress
of green and its later flaming red.

Bulbous stock, used in connection with hardy
plants, opens up great possibilities. The bulbs,
of course, should be potted in the fall previous,
or they may be put into the tubs in which they
are to flower in the fall. They are to be the

Canterbury bells, strikingly beautiful in the garden,
are also charming in the window box

earliest spring show. I prefer to pot my bulbs,
not that any better results can be had from that
treatment but simply for convenience. ‘Tulips,
hyacinths, narcissus, etc., are suitable for this
work,

In June or July I sow seed of my hardy plants
which gives me rugged plants to carry through the
winter. If you do not want to grow your own
plants you can always buy them grown in pots.
It may cost a little more but the plants will prove
themselves cheaper than the field-grown ones.
Almost all big nurseries grow their hardy plants in
pots.

In the fall I pot up the plants I intend to use for
the little beds and keep them in a pit during the
winter. In early spring I fill the tubs with the kinds
wanted and start them into growth. There are

There will NEVER be enough num-
ber one apples—ALWAYS too many
cider apples. Don’t waste your time
and your trees growing inferior grades,
Use ‘‘Scalecide”’ the one Sure spray for
San Jose scale, and produce number
one fruit. ‘‘Scalecide’’ is 100% efficient
against scale and has marked fungi-
cidal properties. Used by best orchard-
ists the world over, Endorsed by Ex-
periment Stations. Our SERVICE
DEPARTMENT furnishes everything
for the orchard, Write today to Dept.
“TT” for new booklet—‘‘Pratt’s Hand-
book for Fruit Growers’ and “Scale-
cide the Tree Siver."' Both free.
. G@ PRATT COMPANY
50 Church Street New York City

FREE PLANS

Send us rough sketch of your grounds and tell
us all you know about them, and we will have our
landscape department prepare you a planting plan
without charging you one cent.

Then, if you buy from us or not, it will make no
difference —this places you under no obligations.
Let us know if you want our catalog of Trees
and Plants.

HORTICULTURAL SALES CO.
DEPT. 27 STERRETTS, ALA.

1,000,000

COPIES HAVE
BEEN SOLD OF
MRS. PORTER'S
BOOKS AND
THE REASON
THEY ARE TO-
DAY THE BEST
SELLING BOOKS
IN THE U.S. IS
BECAUSE THEY
ARE WHOLE-
SOME, OUT-OF-
DOOR AND
SANE STORIES

“FRECKLES,” “THE HARVESTER,”
“A Gir_L OF THE LIMBERLOST”

At All Book-shops Everywhere

OctTosperR, 1912

UR 1912 Autumn Garden
It’s
free. A postcard will bring it.

Guide now ready.

It contains a remarkable list
of bulbs for Fall planting.
Has full cultural directions.
Also list of seeds and straw-
berry plants, which can be
planted now.

Write for this Garden Guide.
Jt will both help and enthuse
you.

Arthur T. Boddington

SEEDSMAN

340 West 14th Street New York City

Bigger Money from Masietae

Tere reve never was a time when
such big, quick, easy and sure profits
could be made in growing mush-
rooms, as to-day. Learn the great
revolutionaryimprovement in mush-
room culture, “The Truth About
Mushrooms,” from the greatest
practical authority in America.
Grow mushrooms now if you never thought of doing
it before. Present occupation will not interfere. Add $10 to $70
to your weekly income. Small capital to start. Profits now bigger,
quicker, easier. Demand exceeds supply. Grow in cellars, sheds,

boxes, etc. Anyonecando it. Women and children, too. Now is
best time. Send for this book today; it’s Free.

Bureau of Mushroom Industry, Dept. 15, 1342 N. Clark St., Chicago

This is the season for planting the
Wild Garden

We supply hardy herbaceous plants, Bog
and Water plants in quantity.

Shatemuc Nurseries, Barrytown, Dutchess County, N. Y.

Last Call

on

Dutch Bulbs
Direct from Holland

For best results—and moderate cost —deal
direct with the Holland growers of the high-
est grade Bulbs. ©

The best Dutch Bulbs you can buy, solid, spotless
and full of vitality —sent direct to you in original
packages at the same prices that you would have to
pay for inferior bulbs.

Write for our 1912 Catalog to-day— prove our bulbs
by actual test and you will never be satisfied with
any others.

Gt. van Waveren & Kruijff
American Branch House, 140 N. 13th St., SABRE Pa.
LOUIS BERGER, Manager

Home Narseries, Sassenheim, Holland. Other Branches
in Russia, Argentine Republic, Germany,
England, Sweden.

THE GARDEN

_ Fall-The Ideal
‘Tree Plantings

MAGAZINE

The latest books on travel and biography may
Service

be obtained through the Readers’

Time

IF some kind friend told you of his success in

planting trees and shrubs in the Fall and
was thoroughly convinced of its decided ad-
vantages overt Spring planting, wouldn’t you
be inclined to give the question enough serious
thought to at least send to Hicks for full in-
formation and a catalog showing kinds and
prices of the trees you want. If, however, you
haven’t any such helpful friend, then let us act
as both friend and adviser and strongly urge
you to do your tree and shrub planting this

Fall—now. Plant Hicks big trees if possibile
—big ones like the maple in the illustration,
which was moved from our nurseries. If you
want smaller trees, we have them in all sizes.
from 30 feet down to 6 inches. No choicer,
sturdier, more carefully root-pruned stock can
be found anywhere.

Come to our nursery if you can and make
selections. If you can’t, you can depend on
our handling your mail order in a way entirely
to your satisfaction.

| Isaac Hicks and Son
| Westbury, Long Island

Kill San Jose Scale, Appl
_ Destroy Tree Pests So... fincs Lice, Bees

and other enemies of vegetation by spraying with

fGOOD SrorssFISH OIL

SOAP NOS

{ Does not harm the trees—fertilizes the soil and aids
healthy growth. Used and end d by U.S. Dept. of
Ag sriculture. FREE Our valuable book on Tree and

Plant Diseases. Write for it today.

JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 931 N. Front Street, Philadelphia

ae
2 Gs

= My Mission Is

the care of trees from planting to picking the fruit,
using practical methods of service, scientific, yet
at prices satisfactory to farmers, and commercial
growers. The season of orchard renovation is
near at hand. Your inquiry is welcome.

Garrett M. Stack, Horticulturist, Still River, Conn.

1912

Old Colony Nurseries

HARDY SHRUBS, TREES, VINES,
EVERGREENS AND PERENNIALS
A large and fine stock of well-rooted plants grown
in sandy loam. Good plants; best sizes for plant-
ing, very cheap. Priced catalogue free on appli-
cation. Wholesale and retail.

T. R. WATSON, Plymouth, Mass.

Gold Medal Paeonies

On June roth, 1911, the Mass. Hortl. Soc.
awarded me a gold medal for excellence of
flowers and correct nomenclature in present
and past exhibitions. No one can get a
higher award. All the choice varieties in
the world, and correctly named. List free.

E. J. SHAYLOR

f WELLESLEY FARMS MASS.

THE STEPHENSON SYSTEM OF
UNDERGROUND REFUSE DISPOSAL

Underground
Garbage Receiver

Underfloor

Refuse Receiver

Spiral Truss Ribbed
Ash , Barrel

arbage Receiver for Yard

Keep garbage odorless
and out of sight, free
from flies, sun, rain and
animals. Place refuse in gar-
age or cellar underground—
a sanitary fireproof disposal
of waste.

Light weight,

rolling bottom,
no unsanitary
corrugations

Send for circulars on these and other
Stephenson products. Sold direct.
Nine years on market.

For ashes in
the cellar

for wast
the g

Use an ash can that will
stand the rough usage.

C. H. STEPHENSON, MFR.., 40 Farrar St., Lynn, Mass.

The Readers’ Service will giv
128 TE GeROH GENE OR TIGIGHIONIES T H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E

AN IDEAL LAWN TREE

Decidedly ornamental, with a dense, perfect, half globular or umbrella-
shaped head, high on a straight, upright stem. Very hardy: extensively used
in formal gardens and especially adapted for lawn planting—

Umbrella Tree (Catalpa Bungei)

will thrive in almost any soil, and is generally a most satisfactory tree to
plant. I make a specialty of Catalpa Bunget and other Shade Trees, Ever-
greens, Hardy Flowering Shrubs, Roses, Fruit Trees, etc., and grown
| in New Jersey, with its soiland climate advantages, is ready to start growth
again anywhere, as soon as planted. Beautifully illustrated catalogue free.

STEELE’ S POMONA NURSERIES
Palmyra, New Jersey

Getting Acquainted Offer

COUNTRY LIFE IN AMERICA has grown to be a real

institution: once we get a subscriber we keep a steady reader.
It is more practical and beautiful than ever and because we want
the chance to get acquainted we offer a subscription to the next

6 Issues for $1.00

$4.10 for a 16 months’ subscription

If you like the magazine, as we hope you will, this dollar may
be credited on your subscription if you decide to renew and
become a regular subscriber.

This offer is to new people only to
introduce the magazine

These big series are to be among the features of 1913.

That Farm.—A senal history of a most interesting experi-
ence of a city man who became a successful farmer.

The Fruitful Land.—A series of cheerful experiences
with the land.

What the Neighbor Did.—A serial account of

what wisdom did for a run down village.

Don’t let a dollar bill stand between you and successful country living —
inconceivable without COUNTRY LIFE IN AMERICA

Doubleday, Page & Company, Garden City, N. Y. | CSCS

For enclosed $1.00 enter my subscription for six issues cf COUNTRY LIFE IN
AMERICA... This amount to be credited to my subscription if | decide to be a regular

subscriber.

OcToBeER, 1912

two tubs of hyacinths, tulips, Phlox subulata and
arabis. These I use in the order named just as
soon as the weather will permit. After the display of
hyacinths has gone the tubs that held the bulbs are
filled with campanulas, digitalis, delphiniums, etc.

This is, of course, an unusual way to use these

Wall flowers are easily .grown from seed. ‘Their
violet-like fragrance is delicious

hardy plants, but it only shows how adaptable they
are to the requirements of the very smallest gardens.
The general impression has been that they were
satisfactory only for large areas.

Tubs filled with wall flowers are a veritable
delight; not only are they beautiful to look at but
the odor that rises from them forcibly suggests an
abundance of violets in the immediate vicinity.
The wall flower is certainly the best substitute for
the violet that I know of. Grow the plants from
seed and winter them in a cool place and they will
be ready for setting out in the garden the following
spring.

As a sort of surprise grow a little crimson clover.
In the West every one knows it and its long beau-
tiful flowers attract but little attention; but in the
East it always proves a decided novelty. Grow
it in pots and shift into the tubs when it has reached
a good size. Sow the seeds thickly.

Endless suggestions might be made as to plants
that might be used in this tub scheme; to any one
interested in the work there will be no lack of ideas
to follow out the plan.

Massachusetts. L. J. Doocue.

How We Irrigated Our
Back Yard

N COMMON with others who have the desire
to dig and plant, and to have vegetables that
are not withered and dusty and fly stained, we
went to work last year on our little spot of ground
that we called “garden” with much enthusiasm.
We dug and raked and planted, and then turned
it over to Nature to finish. And if we who planted
had depended on that same Nature to water, the
finish of our little garden surely would have been -
complete.

The summer turned out to be unusually hot and
dry, not a drop of rain falling for weeks.

The Head of the House evolved the idea of
irrigating the few beds and potatoes. Fortunately,
our water supply was excellent, furnishing water
in abundance for the house and a Jittle to spare.
So the Big Man dug a series of ditches between the
rows of potatoes — short ones, to be sure — and
between the beds of lettuce. radishes and onions.
Our part consisted in saving all the waste water
from the kitchen and the best of the water from the
laundry. To this was added what we felt safe in
taking from the house supply —we were lucky
enough to have a good well with a pump — and
after this was all carried to the garden, it was
poured into the ditches at night when the air was
coolest. In daytime the ditches were covered with
small pieces of boards, old papers, straw, and
anything that would prevent the evaporation of
moisture. F

This plan was followed about twice a week all
through the hot weather and we had our “garden
sass’? in season when others were bewailing their
losses. It took only a little extra labor and
care on our part in saving the water that would
otherwise be wasted.

Towa. FLORENCE JONES HADLEY.

OcToBER, 1912

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE

Going abroad?

c | Routes, time-tables, and all sorts of
information obtained through the Readers’ Service

GARDEN TOOLS

are what you need to
make your garden more
productive.

They are made right,
with over sixty years ex-
perience back of them,
are easily adjusted; and

easy to handle. Your
-garden work will be a
pleasure with Ames Gar-

den Tools.

Write at once for our
catalog No. 6. For your
dealer’s name we will
send you a beautiful Gar-

den Calendar Guide free.
AMES PLOW CO.

Boston, Mass.

Beautify Your Home with
Choice Evergreens and Shrubbery

Our methods of planting and conducting business enable us to
offer high-grade Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Evergreens, Roses,
Vines, Water-Lilies, Fruit Trees, Herbaceous Plants, etc., at prices
which defy competition.

Send for Illustrated Catalogue

MONTROSE NURSERIES

Montrose, Westchester County New York

for a Most Beautiful Lawn
Sow KALAKA. It is specially selected, specially tested grass
seed, and pulverized menure—the ideal combination to grow
quick, hardy, lasting turf. For seeding new lawnsor putting
new lifc into the old lawn nothing equals

Packed in 5 pound boxes at 81.00 per box, express paid east,

or 81.25 west of Omaha. Write and ask for prices on special
mixtures for special locations and purposes. Order today

and have the best seed money can buy. Get ourfreelawn book.

THE KALAKA CO., 14 Union Stock Yards, Chicago

4 Actual Size

St. Regis Everbearing

TheRaspberry forthe Million and the
Millionaire. “There’s Millions In It.”

You can now have wonderful Rasp-
berries from June to October by setting
out the plants this Fall,

St. Regis produces continuously from
June to October—heavy crops of large,
luscious, sugary berries of bright crimson.

Its summer and autumn crops do
not consist of a few scattered ber-
ries, but good to heavy pickings all
the time. One party who had a small
patch, say }an acre, picked and shipped
from it two or three pickings each
week for four months and his profits
were enormous.

Grows successfully in any soil—endures
without injury heat, drought and severest
cold. Catalogue free.

Grow
Chestnuis

Like This
For Profit

Covers a 50c. piece

The trees are hardy. rapid, sym-
metrical growth, luxuriant fol .
spreading boughs; clean trunk; state-
liness. :

These qualities combined and de-
veloped by science to a degree that
closely borders perfection, in the new

SOBER PARAGON
Mammoth, Sweet Chestnut

Crop, Fall of rgrr, brought $48,000,
orchard only 10 years old.

The only large sweet chestnut in the
world.

Bears the first year. The nuts average
1 to 2 inches in diameter.

United States Pomologist, G. B.
Brackett, says ‘It is of large size, fine
appearance and excellent flavor.””

Testimony from growers, commission
merchants, Forestry Experts, etc., given
in our free catalogue.

We own exclusive
control of the Sober
Paragon, This
copyrighted
metal seal is
attached to every
genuine tree.

GLEN BROTHERS, Glenwood Nursery (Est’d 1866) 2012 Main St., Rochester, N. Y.

4 Actual Size

Mantura Pecans
Large Nuts—Paper Shell

Hardy Acclimated Pecan
Trees for Planting in
Northern States

Here are Pecan Trees which will
thrive in Northern States—producing
as prolifically and as profitably as any
Southern Pecans,

Pecan Orchards pay far bigger profits
per acre than wheat or corn.

A shade-tree of wondrous beauty, long
the pride of the South, may now adom
any Northern landscape.

We control five varieties of hardy trees
best suited for Northern planting. These
have withstood temperature far below
zero,— never been known to ‘‘winter-
kill.” Successful in almost any soil.
Begin bearing in 3 to 5 years.

Catalogue free.

David

Grayson

Country Life In America

is all you could desire, if you use

“ECONOMY” GAS

For Lighting, Cooking, Water Heating,
Laundry, etc.

“It makes the House a Home’’
Write today for circular.

Economy Gas Machine Co., Rochester, N. Y.

“Economy” Gas is Automatic, Sanitary and Not Poisonous

colors.

est varieties.

“Adventures in Friendship”

“Adventures in Friendship” is an
attractive book, rich in insight into char-
acter and alive also with the charm which
comes to a man who keeps his eyes open to the magic appeal of nature.”

“ Adventures in Contentment”

“The proper word to apply to this book is charming, for these little stories of life
in a back country village are told with a quiet humor and kindliness that remind one of
the days of Mrs. Gaskell and Miss Mitford.”—IJndiana polis News.

Charming illustrations in black and white and full colors by Thomas Fogarty.
New Leather Edition, each volume, Net $1.50
Cloth, Net $1.35

Garden City

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY

WALSH’S WORLD FAMED
RAMBLER ROSES

This new race of American origin is hardy, of
vigorous growth, single and double; in various
When in full bloom the plants may be
justly described as fountains of blossom.

Also first quality hybrid teas in best and hardi-
And hybrid perpetuals in all the
leading varieties.

Gruss an Teplitz, Lady Gay and Hiawatha in }
standard or tree form. Hybrid perpetuals and hy-
brid teas in standard form four feet high. All the
best polyantha and dwarf everblooming roses.
Rugosa roses in single and double varieties.

‘atalogue on request

Cc.
M. H. WALSH, Rose Specialist Woods Hole, Mass.

—London Standard.

New York

The Readers’ Service will give
automobiles

information about

THE

GARDEN

The World’s Work

What a Contemporary Says of It.
HE WORLD’S WORK

is undoubtedly among

the best and most
reliable interpreters of the
times in which we live. It is,
above all things, constructive,
and therefore optimistic. It
is refreshing to read its ac-
counts of the world’s work—
which is not all about politics
and flag-waving—but about
successful attacks on those
social, economic and scientific
problems that are full of
meaning to the average house-
hold. In the current number
(September) President B. F.
Yoakum, of the St. Louis and
San Francisco Railroad, ex-
plains some of the reasons of
the high cost of farming, due,
he thinks, to the lack of
machinery to supply the

farmer with capital, and ‘‘no
encouragement from the Goy-
ernment at Washington, D.

CC.” Frank Parker Stock-
bridge supplements Mr.
Yoakum’s article by one de-
scriptive of the new economic
order in the Northwest, which
gets $1.08 worth of goods for
every $1.00 it spends. Worth
looking into. Dr. Page, the
editor, writes an account of the
war on the hookworm. It is
a highly important description
of the way in which science is
slowly but surely banishing
disease and making most im-
pressive the victories of peace.
Secretary Meyer, of the navy,
tells what he is trying to do.
He is trying to secure effici-
ency by economy and econ-
omy by efficiency. Other
attractive articles are those
on the great Chautauqua
movement, community con-
trol in Canada, sanitary Sara-
nace. Lake >-and:: personal
sketches of Wilson, Taft, and
Teddy by “A Common Ac-

quaintance,’ and) wby - A

+ 2? From Philadelphia
Foreigner. Evening Telegraph.

An “‘Trrigating System” Instead
of a Watering Can

FC8 individual plants and very small areas the
hose and watering can may serve to keep the
garden sufficiently moist during an ordinary sum-
mer; but any person who has tried it during weeks
of drought knows that it is a rather tiresome opera-
tion to say the least. Too little water is always
worse than none for it moistens the soil only one or
two inches deep and brings the roots to the surface.

Water to be of any practical benefit to growing
crops should be applied at the rate of 12,000 to
30,000 gallons per acre, which would be about 30c
gallons for a 100 x too ft. garden. The person with
a very small garden usually gets his water from
either the city water supply or by a pipe line from
a spring running either by gravity or a small pump.
In either case the pipe is likely to be not larger than
one half or three quarter inch, the pressure either
not enough or too much and the supply therefore
irregular. Before I installed a system of irrigation
in my garden the water came through a half-inch
lead pipe by gravity from a spring about a quarter
of a mile away. This supplied the house and barn
as well as the garden.

My first idea was to buy a wood or steel tank but
this was too expensive so we made one. We got
from the grocer twelve pork and pickle barrels,
costing from twenty-five to forty cents each. These
were connected together and elevated on a sub-
stantial platform (supported by posts that we cut
in the woods) which was placed in the shed as
near the roof as possible (leaving just room for the
barrels) and as high as gravity would force the
water. A half-inch iron pipe taps the bottom of
each barrel made tight with lock nuts and washers,
and extends down to the main line placed directly
below the barrels from which it can be carried to
greenhouse, coldframes or garden as required.

For the main pipe either three-quarter or one-
inch pipe may be used but the latter is by far the
best as the pressure is not very strong and the
larger volume of water delivered makes it possible
to do the watering in quick time.

For larger areas, however, a system of the over-
head type of irrigation will prove more efficient and
economical in operation and can easily be installed
with a set of pipe tools as a drilling machine comes
with the sprinkler nozzles which are the main
feature oi a ‘‘system”’ of irrigation. The only thing
necessary for the installation of an overhead system
such as this is an abundant supply of water and a
pressure of from twenty to fifty pounds, supplied
by most city water works or by a drop of forty feet
or over between the source of supply and the garden
level.

The principal features of this system are the spray
nozzles which throw the water in a fine rain or
rather a heavy mist for a distance of twenty-five
feet, and the special unions at the end of the line
which makes possible the turning of the whole line
from side to side so that a space fifty feet wide and
as long as the line itself may be covered. The water
is applied with absolute uniformity, so that every
square foot receives its share and no spots are over-
watered or left too dry, as is pretty sure to be the
case in watering with a hose or sprinkler. The
plants are not beaten down or spattered with mud,
and the ground is not made hard and crusty, a
condition which is particularly unfavorable to
plant growth.

The nozzle lines are supported on posts usually
about six feet above the ground to facilitate
cultivation, but they may be run in the same
direction as the rows and put near the ground if
desired. In fact, for a small garden, there is no
reason why they should not be hung along a fence
or even made part of it.

The nozzles cost but a few cents apiece, are made
of brass so that they last practically forever, and
are placed at intervals of four feet. For short runs,
up to 150 feet, such as would be sufficient for the
largest home garden, three quarter-inch pipe is all
that is needed with a half-inch or two-inch main or
feed line running along one side or through the
middle of the garden below the surface or along
the fence, where it will be out of the way. The
cost of installing such a system for a garden of a
quarter of an acre should be between $20 and $35,
depending largely on the market price of pipe.

MAGAZINE

OcrosBpeEerR, 1912

This New Book
on Shade Trees
Is Free to You

It shows you how much it pays
to plant for shade and beauty about
your home and farm, the actual
cash value that such comfort brings,
and how cheaply it may be had with
Harrison’s hardy trees and shrubs.

The book tells you what evergreens to plant in
different soils and climates, how to have good
hedges, and how to set out trees and shrubs so they
will thrive; contains 64 pages, 46 pictures; helpful
and interesting. If you own land and are thinking
of planting trees, we will be glad to send you a
copy of ‘The Why and How of Shade Trees and
Evergreens,”’ free.

How to Grow and Market Fruit

Our guide book, 150 pages, tells how to get 30 oz
40 cents more per bushel for your fruit, how to have
young trees bear paying crops earlier, and how to make
established orchards produce from $200 to $500 profit pei
acre yearly; contains 50,000 words and 200 special pic-
tures showing up-to-date methods. Price,
50 cents, rebated on $5 order for trees.

Complete catalog of fruit and shade
trees free on request.

Come to Berlin and see how we grow
superior trees.

Eastern shore of Maryland farms for
sale—send for list.

HARRISON’S NURSERIES
Main Ave., BERLIN, MD.

The best way to get back to nature is
to cultivate flowers. A love for
flowers is rooted deep in the
human heart. Thoreau says:
“There is something primeval

in the desire that most of us

evince, to dig in the earth

and stir up the soil.’

All that is necessary is

a little systematic

Eee
care, and lo! we Now is the

time of year
when you
should be plant-
ing your’ hardy

plants, lilies, tulips, |

daffodils and vines ~
that thrive so lustily
in our northern climes.
They will then get rooted
before winter. Shrubs and
trees may wait until November.
Our Autumn supplement offers
rare bargains of surplus stock, be-
sides other things you need. Plants
from the North stand hard winters.
Catalogue and supplement free. Address

F. H. HORSFORD, Charlotte, Vt.

blossom forth as
ardent horti-
culturists.

a

ies Now

Pick out the spots
where you would like
to see them blooming
and plant now. Next
spring you will be re-
warded with their beau-
tiful fragrant flowers
and they will increase
in size and profusion of
bloom fromyear toyear.

This climate and rich
soil are particularly
~ adapted to Peonies. Our
' Peony roots are full of
real life and vigorous
promise. No flower can
be grown with greater
ease or less attention.
No matter where you
are we are near to you who want the best.
Send for our catalog now and plant them early.

Wild Bros. Nursery Co., Box 514, Sarcoxie, Mo.

OcToBeEerR, 1912

Stewart

Edward

@ The man who has helped
the East to-know the West

“The Adventures of
Bobby Orde”

“Tn one sense it is the finest thing [the Grand
Rapids novelist has done. It shows a jfiner and
sweeter knowledge of human nature than any of
his big novels of the lumber woods and of advent-
ures by sea and land. He has gone straight to the
heart and motives of the normal healthy child, and
that is why, while it is the story of a boy, it is very
much a story for grownups and will appeal iner-
tingly to every man who has not forgotten his
queer impulses, his bashfulness and his devoted
friendships and little chivalries while he was him-
self a boy.”’—Grand Rapids Evening Press.

Illustrated. Fixed Price $1.20 (postage I 2c)
“The Rules of the Game”

“Tt is full of adventure, and has a climax of ab-
sorbing interest.” —St. John Globe.

Illustrated. Fixed Price $1.40 (postage 15c)

“The Cabin”

“°< The Cabin’ has somehow captured the spell
of the wild woods and the brooding peace of the
mountains. ‘The Cabin’ is gotten up in the style
that charms one utterly before tne first page is
read, and the illustrations make you feel perfectly
wild to be up and away to the Sierras.””—Lexing-
ton Herald.

Illustrated. Net, $1.50 (postage 15c)

Doubleday, Page & Co.

Garden City New York
ae 0. b. Westerly.

DAHLIAS fete

Select your order now ee et spring delivery.
Box C-2.

50 Sample Flowers of my
choice dahlias $1.00 via

and price of bulbs.
Geo. L. Stillman, Dahlia Specialist, Westerly, R.I1.,

know what varieties to

Evergreens :: Belecoe: Get Hill's catalog, the

authority on evergreens.

The D. Hill Nursery Co., Inc., Douglas Ave., Dundee, Ill.

at all Seasons

Mushrooms Growing in your Cellar

Ps A Mess
of fresh
& 40 ts in postage stamps together with the name of your
CUS. dealer will bring you, postpaid, direct from the
manufacturer, a fresh sample brick of

oi Lambert’s Pure Culture MUSHROOM SPAWN

the best high-grade spawn in the market, together with large illustrated book
on Mushroom Culture, containing simple and practical methods of raising,
preserving and cooking mushrooms. Not more than one sample brick will
be sent to the same party. Further orders must come through your dealer.

Address: American Spawn Co., Dept. 2, St. Paul, Minn.

Hardy Phlox.

We continue
to bethe head-

quarters for

We have the largest collection in the
world, and all the old, and many new varieties are

represented, W. F. SCHMEISKE, Binghamton, N. Y.

these plants.

THE GARDEN

The Readers’ Service gives
information about investments

MAGAZINE

131

Wat.t—S-W Flat-tone Shell Pink
FLoor—S-W Mar-not Varnish

CrILinc anp Drop—S-W Flat-tone Cream
Weoopwork—S-W Enamel Pure White

The walls of this room are beautified and made
sanitary with Sherwin-Williams Flat-tone

They can be cleaned with soap and water, and they are just as durable
as they are attractive. Every painter can give you a Flat-tone wall
if you ask for it. If you haven’t decided on the color, our new
Portfolio of Plans for Home Decoration ing an entire house. It is a book of artistic results and how to

secure them. It covers the whole house, a single room or a
(sent free on request) will help you. It is a decorating guide for

small detail. Whatever your painting need, the portfolio
you and your painter as well. It will prove as helpful to you in shows you the color, and tells you the Sherwin-Williams prod-
painting a wall or staining woodwork and furniture as in decorat-

SHERWIN-WILLIAMS
PAINTS €VARNISHES

Visit Our 657 Canal Road, Cleveland, Ohio Offices and Warehouses

A 116 West 32d Street (Opp. Gimbel’s), New York City

Decorative Departments l 1101 People’s Gas Building, Chicago in Principal Cities
Address all inquiries to The Sherwin-Williams Co., Decorative Department, 657 Canal Road, Cleveland, Ohio

ORCHIDS ||| --LoRICULTURE

Largest importers and growers of
OrcuHips in the United States

LAGER & HURRELL :
Orchid Growers and Importers SUMMIT, N. J.

Complete Home Study Course in practical Floricul-
ture under Prof. Craig and Prof. Beal, of Cornell
University.

Course includes Greenhouse Construction and
Management and the growing of Small Fruits and
Vegetables, as well owers Under Glass.

Personal Instruction. Expert Advice.
250 Page Catalogue Free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. F., Springfield, Mass.

Prof. Craig

‘*Hammonds Grape Dust’

used effectively to kill Mildews
on Roses and other plants.
Sold by the Seed Dealers: For pamphlet on Bugs and Blights
address

Hammonds Paint & Slug Shot Works

Fishkill-on-Hudson,
NEW YORK

9 What ts a fair rental for a given
132 property? Ask the Readers’ Service

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

OcToBER, 1912

Birds of Eastern
North America

Chester A. Reed, B. S.

This is a most interesting and thorough |
book. The opening and closing chapters |

take up bird-lore’ and make it under-
standable and entertaining to those who
want to learn more about birds. Most
valuable of all is the chapter on how to
study birds.

Good and accurate illustrations give
the key to identifying birds in the field,
and the general appearance of the species.

408 Illustrations in Color.
Cloth, Net, $3.00

Other Books by Charles K, and
Chester A. Reed

Guide to Taxidermy. [Illustrated net $1.50
Nature Studies; Birds. Illustrated.
net 60 cents
Nature Studies.—In Field and Wood.
Illustrated. Rinse net 60 cents
Camera Studies of Wild Birds in their
! Homes. Illustrated. . . . . net
North American Birds’ Eggs. Illus-
trated= “size6l4.xigje== apa 2 enet. (2250
Goldfish—Aquaria—Ferneries. Illus-
trated. Size 3144 x 514. . net 50 cents
Bird Guide. In two parts. Pocket size—
Illustrated. Size, 314 x 534.
Part |. Water and Game Birds: Birds
of Prey. Flexible sock cloth. net
Blexiblewseather: = -2 4.) ee met
Part I]. Land Birds East of the
Rockies: From Parrots to Blue
Birds. Flexible sock cloth. net 75 cents
Rlexibleleathem ses. ee onet
Parts | and II. Bound in a Single Volume.
Size, 3144 x 534. Illustrated. Flexible
leather-) 2 Sicce ests) see) oe net
Wild Flowers East of the Rockies.
Size, 444x6l4. Illustrated. . . net
Flower Guide: Wild Flowers East of
the Rockies. Size, 5144x 314. Il-
lustrated. Cloth net 75 cents

eather eke eet, eerie Cael00

Doubleday, Page & Company |

Garden City, N. Y.

The Postofiice Department
by a recent ruling is experi-
menting on the shipment of
magazines by freight instead of
fast mail. We are doing our

utmost to send the magazines
as early as possible, but if your
magazine is late, take it up
with your local postmaster.

The fact that crops can be given enough water to
produce a maximum crop is perhaps the biggest
single benefit of irrigating. Another benefit is
protection against frost. Just as in cultivation it
may seem paradoxical that keepimg the surface
of the garden dry as dust will keep the garden from
drying out, so in protecting plants from frost it
seems at first very strange that ice is the best pro-
tection so far discovered. But just as one thaws
out plants with ice-cold water, so for such hardy
plants as cabbage, celery, etc., a coating of ice will
protect them from very severe frost. The system
is started just before the temperature gets to freez-
ing, and is kept going during the night. For pro-
tection of tender plants, such as cucumbers, warm
water has to be used. While this is interesting,
of more practical use to the home gardener is the
fact that properly irrigated crops mature in the
minimum length of time —the difference often
being as much as half — and this frequently enables
the grower to get two crops where before he got
but one. There is also the certainty of being able
to get a full stand of plants from late sowings, even
in the driest weather, and the further assurance
that one may set out such plants as late cabbage,
cauliflower and celery, on schedule time, without
having to wait for a rain and possibly lose the crop
either through delay in getting it out or through
impossible weather conditions after setting.

The best time to apply water to growing crops
is late in the afternoon, so that it may have a good
chance to soak into the soil instead of being evapor-
ated by the heat of mid-day. It takes about six
hours with a pressure of twenty-five pounds to
apply water equalling a rainfall of half an inch.
With higher pressure the time required is pro-
portionately less.

Connecticut. F. F. RockweE tt.

The Elder as a Screen

T IS to those unfortunate people, whose garden

boundaries are over-topped by some unsightly
object, that I commend planting the common elder
as a screen.

This has many advantages over most shrubs
used for such a purpose, the principal one being
its adaptability to any soil or condition. It can
be transplanted in the spring or fall without any
pruning of its growth, and the following summer it
will bloom as though it had never been disturbed.

The elder shown in this photograph was trans-
planted from a meadow in September; the next
June, in place of a bare board fence and stable, I
had sixteen feet of feathery bloom. Unlike other
large shrubs, it doesn’t seem to exhaust the soil,
for directly beneath and in front of it there is a
thick irregular planting of the Madonna lily and
English larkspur which thrive more luxuriantly
here than anywhere else in the garden. These
three bloom at the same time and form a lovely
harmony of color with pink hollyhocks just beyond.

Virginia. Hs (GaP:

Utilize the common elder as ascreen. Both foliage
and flowers are attractive

Princess Rags
and Tatters

By Harriet T. Comstock

The Princess was not a real one. She
just made-believe she was a princess, but
everyone looked admiringly at her. There
must have been some magic in it for she
helped, never mind how, to find a little
boy’s grandfather for him, and she found
her own beautiful garden that she had
never really seen except in dreams.

Every child will like this story. It is
written in the author’s most charming
manner. Many children have read Mrs.
Comstock’s “‘ Molly the Drummer Boy.”
Thisisjust as delightful. Tlustratedincolors.

Cloth.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
Garden City, New York.

Net 75 cents.

The Ben Greet

Shakespeare

N ideal acting edition
for amateurs embody-
ing the experience of one
of the greatest Shakes-
pearean producers. Full
directions for costuming,
staging, business, etc.
Volumes Now Ready
Midsummer Night’s Dream, The
Tempest, As You Like It, The Mer-

chant of Venice, A Comedy of Errors,
Julius Caesar.

Frontispiece in colors and many black and
white drawings. Each volume, cloth, net 60
cents. Flexible leather, net 90 cents.

Doubleday, Page @ Co.

Garden City, N. Y.

&

OctToBeR 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 133

THESE BOOKS ARE FOR YOU

Whether you own a window box, a suburban home or a vast country estate. If
you grow things or hope to you need

THE NEW GARDEN LIBRARY

Twelve volumes crammed full of interesting and valuable. information and instruction on the
making and maintaining of, Flower, Fruit, Vegetable and Window Gardens.

House Plants and How to Grow Them—+s, P. r. Barnes

A Manual of the best foliage and flowering plants for home cultivation ; their raising from seed and propagation in
the window garden.

Roses and How to Grow Them—sy many experts

The only recent book on this most popular of flowers, which deals directly with American
practice both outdoors and under glass in all sections of the country.
The Flower Garden—x; 1na pv. BENNETT
“A clear and concise summary of every possible sort of information that might be desired by
any one interested in gardens.” — Scientific American.
Zz The Vegetable Garden—sy 1pa v. BENNETT
eke

This book deals fully with the various vegetables that form the

staple of the small garden and contains excellent chapters on fertilizers,
HOUSE
PLANES

Volumes
3,600 pages of prac- ||
tical information with |
hundreds of “How to”
illustrations. =
It is necessary to see ‘the books to
get a conception of their scope.

Daffodils—Narcissus and
How to Grow Them

By A. M. KIRBY

All that is really worth while about these most popular of spring
bulbs written from the standpoint of American conditions.

Water- Lilies and How
to Grow Them

By H.S. CONARD and HENRI HUS
A practical garden knowledge of the best

insecticides and garden tools, all thoroughly up to date and full of the
| most practical information.

Orchard and Fruit Garden_sy . p. PowELL

Deals with the choice planting and cultivation of fruit, fruit-bearing
4# trees and bushes. “‘This thoroughly practical volume embodies all

\ the latest developments and sums up all avail-
able information on the selection of fruits.”
—WNew York World.

Ferns and How to Grow Them
By G. A. WOOLSON
The contribution of a nature student who
has successfully solved the problem of grow-
ing the native ferns of our Eastern woods.
With table of synonomy.

Lawns and si to Make Them

By Leonard Barron

The only volume that
treats of the making and
maintenance of the orna-
mental lawn froma
purely practical stand-
point. For the first time
the whole truth about
lawn seed mixtures is
ppop ul arly erp

water-lilies and other aquatics by America’s great authority on
the family; with cultural details and making of ponds and small
gardens.

‘Re ae Vines and How to Grow Them | |

By WILLIAM McCOLLOM

A practical volume dealing with all
kinds of climbing and trailing | plants for
garden effects. It covers not only the ; é
hardy annual vines and permanent woody vines for pergolas,
etc., but many of the beautiful exotics which are grown for cut
flowers in greenhouses.

The planting sea-
son is approach-
ing — these books
should be your
constant com-
Ppanions.

Garden Planning
By W.S. ROGERS

2 | eS Especially designed to help the maker
THEORCHARD ’ of small gardens, who wants to start prop-
Ant sas8| erly in fitting his desire to the conditions

~ FRUIT GARDEN and situations.

: pasate and! How te Grow

ag af :
ec. Oona : :
POT rie 8 5 i
GARDEN :i i
LIBRARY, jai ok

You Take No Risk

It costs you nothing to
examine these books

z # Them—xsy 1. L. POWELL

; ._Acomplete manual of instruction for
fm the growing of the Queen of Autumn in
the “garden border, and for specimen

‘f, plants and blooms under glass, but with Wi
special regard to the opportunities of the amateur 7
0 . 6 @ who has only an outdoor garden to deal with. . y,
A prompt acceptance of this offer will oo

entitle you to The Garden Magazine
for the coming year.

Please read

7
7 Doubleday,

e 6 the Cou on 7. Pase & Co.
If you are a subscriber we will extend a P ee Ys
your subscription or you may send the FMET 7” sendime the New Casien

satden Maga-
zine one year. I enclose $1.00

magazine to a friend. Clip the coupon now.

Wi h h it 7, and if books are satisfactory
° agree to pay §1z.00 a month until
ay Ene wp ES Sel hag $13.50 has been paid. If I don’t want
Z them I vill return within 5 days of receipt

i ) | | I )) & Zand you will refund the first payment.
O u le a a e Com an UName Shona davoceocoaDoUssoooDDOdOdOD

9 y Yee

Ya AAArESS. cove ence cence ene necre rescence

GARDEN CITY NEW YORK

aders’ Service gives infor- j 5
134 Ele RAS Raltatoi oe os DETERS (GaACRaD ING MUA CHACZAlON@E: Oenonme, 1Oie

Bulbs for Natural Effects

Narcissus, Crocus, Scillas,

Snowdrops

AND OTHERS FOR WILD GARDEN EFFECTS

For planting in woodlands, meadows and along streams, these fall-
planted bulbs are coming into favor more rapidly every year as their merit
becomes better known. These bulbs, when planted in clumps in a
sheltered, sunny spot, will produce a mass of color in the early spring,
when the rest of nature is asleep. When once planted, they remain for
years, the clumps increasing in size and vigor.

As the Price of these Bulbs is Low, everyone should plant a few.

Below we give some suggestions for planting.

For Planting on the Lawn For Woodlands For Meadows and Along Streams
Per 100 1000 a Pepros sae
Crocus, Named Varieties........S0 80 $7 00 = Pe 3) ¢ 79 Crocus, Named Varieties.......S0 80 $7 00
“© Mixed Colors........... 604 5019 | CPeeusy Named Vanctics 7-2 2-50)80n #7800 «”” Mixed Colors .......... 60 4.50
oe iv o Q . . .
Chionodoxa Luciliae............ 125 10 00 Mixed coler weieciene ees GO ed ee Narcissus, pingle Pocc us ae ; 5) g uo
sf _Sardensis Siege fis ev taete 1 25 10 00 Eranthus Hyemalis............ 80 7 00 ¥ Incomparabilis ..... 125 1000
Grape Hyacinths, Alba......... 100 800 Lily of the Valley, clumps......25 00° .... cB Mrs. Langtry ....... 125 10 00
£6 af Bluessee ¥s Zi 5 00 per doz., $3 50 oe Cynosure sand ao a0 c 1 15 9 00
‘s is Feathered...115 900 Scilla Siberica.....:........:.. 1 10° ¢8'50 a2 Double Moe eon lel os a ce
Scilla Siberica ER abs eee a 8 ow Trillium Grandiflorum:....... 3 00 25 00 Tulips Late Flowering, Vau=

Snowdrops, Single.............. ED OY ghan’s Special Mixed....... 150 1200

Ss Double............. 150 12 00 Tulips, Darwin, Vaughan’s fl
Ue: Giant Elwesii...... 80 7 0 Special! Mixed’... -- eee 175 15 00

VAUGHAN’S SEED STORE

CHICAGO—31-33 Randolph St. NEW YORK—25 Barclay St.

Biltmore Nursery
Grows Many Flowering
Trees and Shrubs

HE variety of blooms borne by the flowering
trees and shrubs that may be purchased from
Biltmore Nursery will prove a revelation to
you. White, lavender, pink, red, crimson, yellow
and a myriad other shades await your option.
The delicate charms of the Clethra and the rugged
grace of the Locust are yours to choose from. With
judicious selection a succession of flowers may be had
from spring until fall.
For those bewildered by the wealth of floral treas-
ures, Biltmore Nursery has made assortments of the
most showy and satisfactory trees and shrubs that
flower, and offers sets of these that will meet every
requirement of purse and preference.

The Book Tells Which
Plants Are Best For You

Pee . To show the wealth of beauty available to the
FARR’S PHLOXES : : “7G Planter, Biltmore Nursery has issued a new edition

of the book “Flowering Trees and Shrubs.” Each

ARE THE FLOWERS FOR THE BEGINNER , page unfolds new beauties of form and color of flower.
4 Many of the rarer and more desirable species of hardy
trees and shrubs are called to the attention of con-
all'oursherdy ola Rat =e ‘ : Sen, olsseurs of outdoor beauty. Notes on culture, a
are among the best of P arden flowers. bs : * part of the descriptions, show the adaptibility of the
Thesplantsareedsilyicaredites : ‘ee {Stock to the different soils and climates, and make
re SE EMU i; | it easy for the buyer to select the kinds best

My Book “FARR’S HARDY PLANTS = % 4 adapted to his own location.
y Book “ y $3 Sac i : : F
gives a list of all the varieties of Phloxes at Wyomissing, as well as Se r . A copy of this beautiful book will be sent free

Peonies, Delphiniums, Poppies and Irises. I will send you a copy if . 2 to those who contemplate planting soon.
you are interested in these hardy plants, or in Roses and Shrubs. a
ol want you to have some of the Phloxes grown at Wyomissing

Nurseries. For many yj s I have made Phloxes a specialty and my : BILTMORE NURSERY
collection embraces many new sorts imported from Europe. >

BERTRAND H. FARR, 643D Penn Street, Reading, Pa. SS Biltmore, N. C.

Ee EROON 2 SUPERIOR BULBS.

“1 FOR FALL 1912 PLANTING

ie rom ; Holland Great Britain, France, Italy, Asia, Sapa! ate

the highest quality imported into America.
novelties. Hyacinths, Tulips, Daffodils,

The greatest selection of varieties and
_ Good old standards and magnificent
Crocus, Lilies, Tris, Peonies, and a

If You Want Beautiful

Bulbous Flowers

In your house this winter, or
in your garden next Spring

You must plant the bulbs this fall!

(ER is a peculiar charm and in-

terest in growing Bulbs. They
produce flowers of remarkable beauty
unsurpassed by any other class of plants
in the floral kingdom and many are
delightfully fragrant. In form, size and
colorings there is endless variety, and
besides bulbs are adaptable for so
many purposes, many of them flower
equally well grown either in the garden
or house, and not the least among the
merits of bulbs is their ease of culture.
The certainty and _ perfection with
which their flowers are produced and the
remarkably short time required to bring
them into bloom under artificial con-
ditions; but

THERE JS A BIG DIFFERENCE
IN THE QUALITY OF BULBS!
SUPERIOR Bulbs—the pick of the

crops—are largely _ consumed _ by.

critical European buyers, the “‘seconds”’
and “‘substitutes”’ being too often palmed
off on less critical American dealers. We
insist — with a penalty attached — on
being supplied with the same high grade
—true to name—varieties that the En-
glish, Germans and Russians get, and we
see that we get this superior grade by
personally conducted trials.

Henderson’s Superior Bulbs

therefore cost a little more than inferior

grades, but our customers appreciate

the difference.

host of other Bulbous Beauties

Henderson’s
Autumn Catalogue

Bulbs, Plants and Seeds
For Autumn Planting

Revolutionizes Bulb Offerings in America

OST of us have been deprived of

the better varieties of Flower Bulbs
on account of their high price. The
splendid, strong constitutioned, newer
sorts do cost a little more than decadent
old kinds, and heretofore to their greater
value 25% ad valorem duty has been
exacted by the U. S. Customs, thus
making the selling price almost prohibi-
tive. The present specific duty—so
much per 1,000 regardless of high or low
foreign cost—brings the preferred choice
varieties down so that “the best’? may
now be enjoyed in America. Taking
advantage of these improved conditions,
we have excluded from our importations
many obsolete varieties and added their
more beautiful and robust successors.
For instance, our important revisions
include:

35 New Hyacinths, 38 New Early Tulips,
22 New Daffodils

and a host of grand new things among
the aristocrats of tulipdom—the Giant
Darwins, Cottagers, Rembrandts, etc.
In Japan and German Iris we offer an
entire new series of the improved large
flowering sorts. In Peonies we have
40 of the World’s best modern kinds,
perfect revelations of beauty. We have
the new hybrid pink and other colored
Freesias; also new Butterfly Cyclamens,
Fortin’s Giant Lily of the Valley, the
African white Watsonia and a host of
other good new things all of which are des-
cribed and photographically illustrated in

Henderson’s Fall Catalogue of Bulbs

Plants, Seeds and Seasonable Requisites mailed Free to those mentioning The Garden Magazine
It is the most beautiful and instructive Fall Catalogue published

PETER HENDERSON & CO.,25°"427,Crtanat St

Three New Styles

Victor-Victrola X, $75
Mahogany or oak
Other styles $15 to $200

Victor- Victrola ¥
Mahogany Ao

The greatest feature about these new instruments is the unequaled tone which | |
has given the Victor-Victrola its supremacy among musical instruments. ae
There’s nothing new about that of course, for this wonderful tone charac- |
| | terizes every Victor-Victrola. |
The newness of these three instruments is in the design, and the improve- |

ments are really astonishing.

More beautiful, more artistic, more complete—and with
no increase in price.

The greatest values ever offered in this greatest of all
musical instruments.

Any Victor dealer in any city in the world will gladly show you these instruments and play any
music you wish to hear.

Victor Talking Machine Co., Camden, N. J., U.S. A.

Berliner Gramophone Co., Montreal, Canadian Distributors ee ? i A &
; : : : 1 :
Always use Victor Machines with Victor Records and Victor Needles— HIS MASTERS VOICE |
the combination, There is no other way to get the unequaled Victor tone.

Victor Steel.Needles, 6 cents per 100. Victor Fibre Needles, SU cents per 100 (can be repointed and used eight times.) fat}

Victor-Victrola

New Victor Records are on sale at all dealers on the 28th of each month

leCcS Serict © Iiaitie nis

Evergreen Bittersweet Protecting for Winter 15c.
Darwin Tulips Color Harmonies The Garage $1.50 a Year

COUNTRY LIFE DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO. (@\ THE WORLD'S

BOBBINK & ATKINS

WORLD’S CHOICEST NURSERY AND GREENHOUSE PRODUCTS

The proper way to buy is to see the material growing.

We shall gladly give our time and attention to all intending purchasers
visiting our Nursery and invite everybody interested in improving their grounds to visit us.

Our Nursery consists of 300 acres of

highly cultivated land and a large area covered with greenhouses and storehouses, in which we are growing Nursery and Greenhouse
Products for every place and purpose, the best that experience, good cultivation and our excellent facilities can produce, placing us

in a position to fill orders of any size.

DECIDUOUS TREES and SHRUBS. We grow many thousands of Orna-
mental Shade-Trees and Flowering Shrubs in all varieties and sizes. A
visit to our Nursery will convince you of the quality of our immense stock.

HARDY OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS. We have thousands of rare,
new and old-fashioned kinds. Our Herbaceous Grounds are especially
interesting at this time. Special prices on quantities.

TRAINED, DWARF and ORDINARY FRUIT TREES and SMALL
FRUITS. We grow these for al] kinds of fruit gardens and orchards.

HEDGE PLANTS. We grow a large quantity of California Privet, Berberis
and other shrubs for hedges.

HARDY TRAILING AND CLIMBING VINES.
place and purpose.

BULBS AND ROOTS. We import quantities of Bulbs and Roots from
Japan, Holland, and other parts of Europe. Our Special AUTUMN
BULB CATALOG will be mailed free upon request.

POT-GROWN STRAWBERRIES. We raise thousands of pot-grown
Strawberries, in all the leading and popular varieties. Ready for immediate
delivery.

We have them for every

PALMS. We grow Kentias, Phoenix, Dracaena in quantities and a variery
Don’t fail to

of beautiful plants for house and greenhouse decoration.
walk through our greenhouses when visiting our Nursery.
BAYTREES, DECORATIVE PLANTS for CONSERVATORIES, interior

and exterior decorations are grown in our 500,000 square teet of greenhouses.

BOXWOOD in TUBS. We grow thousands
of plants in many shapes and sizes. Every-
body loves the rich green color and delicate
aroma of old-fashioned Boxwood.

PLANT TUBS, WINDOW BOXES and
GARDEN FURNITURE. We manufac-

ture all shapes and sizes.

OUR NEW GIANT FLOWERING MARSH-;
MALLOW. Everybody should be interested
in this Hardy New Old-Fashioned Flower.
It will grow everywhere, and when in bloom

from July until the latter part of September.

OUR ILLUSTRATED GENERAL CATALOG No. 25 describes our Products; is comprehensive, interesting, instructive

and helpful to intending purchasers. Will be mailed free upon request.

WE PLAN and PLANT GROUNDS and GARDENS EVERYWHERE WITH OUR WORLD’S
CHOICEST NURSERY PRODUCTS, GROWN IN OUR WORLD’S GREATEST NURSERY.
VISITORS, take Erie Railroad to Carlton Hill, second stop on Main Line, 3 minutes’ walk to Nursery.

BOBBINK & ATKINS

Nurserymen, Florists and Planters

RUTHERFORD, N. J. &

WATERER’S
“High Grade” Bulbs

Highest quality bulbs of Hyacinths, Tulips,
Narcissus, etc.; the quality that carries off the first
prizes at the exhibitions.

Lily of the Valley, Waterer’s “XXX Per-
fection Brand,’’ the earliest, largest and best for
early forcing.

Waterer’s Reliable Mushroom Spawn. Eng-
lish and American bricks, made by the best makers.

LAWN GRASS SEED

If you desire a perfect lawn, use our ‘“‘Special”’
Evergreen Lawn Seed.

Catalogue mailed free upon request.

HOSEA WATERER

| Seedsman and Bulb Importer
107 and 109 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

OCTOBER and NOVEMBER
PLANT

Hardy Northern Grown
Trees, Shrubs and Vines

We grow a full line of
everything for planting

THE HOME GROUNDS

Our illustrated catalog will give descriptions
and prices,—free upon request.

The Bay State Nurseries

North Abington Mass.

NovEMBER, 1912

THE GARDEN

For information regarding railroad and steam-
ship lines, write to the Readers’ Service

MAGAZINE

the remarkable fields of Lily blooms.
Exhibition in Boston was pronounced by many to be

Biltmore Nursery
Offers You a Wealth
of Hardy Flowers

HE old-fashioned flowers — Hollyhocks,
10 Sweet Williams, and Pinks; the newest
triumphs of the hybridizer’s skill in Larkspurs,
Phlox, Peonies, and Irises, and all the other herba-
ceous perennials, many of them in varieties that may
be had nowhere else, are growing at Biltmore Nurs-
ery. With these plants that, once established, last
for generations, every taste in form, color and size
may be gratified. The pleasure they give is lasting.
Biltmore Nursery devotes unusual attention to the
hardy garden flowers and grows them exceedingly
well — so well that botanists and landscape archi-
tects come and marvel at their perfection. Yet
there is no secret in the care of hardy plants, and
with Biltmore Nursery stock you can duplicate,

at little cost, the effects that draw admiration
from every visitor.

A Book to Help You
With Your Planting

To help the lover
valuable plants, Biltmore Nursery has issued
edition of the book, ‘‘Hardy Garden Flowers.’’

hundreds of flowers and makes clear,

The illustrations are most helpful to the amateur.
the further convenience of lovers of outdoor

be gladly sent you now, so you may plant this fall.

BILTMORE NURSERY

Box 1412

of outdoor beauty select the most
i a new
This shows
by engravings of
photographs from nature, what wonderful pictures may be
secured by the judicious grouping of Biltmore perennials.

¢ beauty,
Biltmore Nursery has made selections of the hardy garden
flowers which it finds most satisfactory, and offers these in
sets of varying size, to meet the requirements of every
purse and preference. If you love flowers and plan to set
out hardy plants soon acopy of this beautiful book will

Biltmore, N.

The Finest Lilies Ever Discovered

the chief attraction at the show.

LILIUM MYRIOPHYLLUM. Mr. E. H. Wilson, the famous plant collector,
collected for us the bulbs now offered, in Northwestern China. He considers
this the finest of all lilies. It is absolutely hardy, and is excellent for forcing.
It has been predicted that this will become the Easter Lily of the future, and be-
ing so hardy, may be grown at home. The flowers are white, slightly suffused
with pink and with a beautiful shade of canary yellow at the centre, and ex-
tending part way up the trumpet. It is delightfully perfumed, reminding one
of the jasmine, and lacking the heavy oppressive odor of most lilies. Blooms
out-of-doors early in July. Awarded a Gold Medal by the Massachusetts Horti-
cultural Society, and a first-class certificate by the Royal International Exhi-
bition, London, 1912. Bulbs ready in October, each, $1.50; dozen, $15.00.
LILIUM SARGENTIAE. The bulbs offered were also collected by Mr. Wilson.
This is one of the strongest growing lilies—frequently attaining a height of six
to eight feet. The flowers vary in number from five to ten on a stalk, and in
size and shape resembling Lilium Harrisii, greenish white, shaded purple on the
outside, and of the purest white within, with a tint of citron in the centre. The
flowers have a pleasing fragrance. This Lily will undoubtedly be largely used for
outdoor planting as well as for forcing. Many consider it the finest of all tubular -
flowered lilies. It flowers somewhat later than Lilium Myriophyllum and being of
larger growth, has a distinct place. Awarded a Silver Medal by the Massachusetts
Horticultural Society, 1912. Bulbs ready in October, each $1.50, dozen, $15.00.

OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE ON APPLICATION

R. & J. F ARQUHAR & CO.
BULBS

50 CENTS

Prepaid

The following collection of well ripened, first size bulbs
contains some of the most popular varieties and may be planted
indoors or outside. This collection of bulbs sold at half the
actual cost price is offered in order
to get you acquainted with our High
Quality Bulbs for Fall Planting.

COST PRICE
6 Dutch Roman Hyacinths_ .25
6 Single Yellow Tulips . . .10
6 Single Red Tulips . . . .10
6 Pheasant Eye Narcissus . .13

6-7 So. Market St.
BOSTON, MASS.

6 Double Yellow Daffodils .14
6 Crocus Mixed ... . .08
6 Spanish Iris . ... . .10
8 Snowdrops. .... . .10
ie. Cost Price, $1.00

Our Special Offer Prepaid, 50 cts.

Catalog of Best Bulbs for House and Garden
Planting free on request

Samp 6 ates

SO Barclay
NEW YORK

St.

Cc.

135

LILIES —Two Gems from the Orient

Hardy, Fragrant and Beautiful.

With the introduction of these two magnificent new varieties blooming in July and early August, it is now possible to have a
continuous display of bloom of lilies in the garden from early summer until frost. [Visitors at our Nursery during the flower-
ing period were astonished at the beauty of these stately plants and many returned bringing friends that they too might see
{| A group of the variety, Myriophyllum, shown by us at the National Sweet Pea

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

4 A

The Story of a Manuscript

Once in a while there comes into the manu-
script readers’ department of a publishing
house a book from a new writer which makes
friends from the moment the package is
opened. In our experience it is seldom that,
when such a thing happens, there is any lack
of success in the book’s final career. The
question arises: Why should this particular
manuscript make friends when so many
become mere acquaintances or less?

There are several answers, all rather in-
definite and unsatisfactory, but the chief is:
Because the book immediately attracts some
one’s interest. The interest appeal may come
from its plot, its style, or its subject, or all
three. So far as we can recall, never from its
letter of introduction, or because the author
is a friend of so and so, who writes to ask that
it shall have special consideration, etc.

One book which came unheralded and made
friends at once was “ Freckles,’ by Mrs. Gene
Stratton-Porter, about eight years ago, and
another manuscript arrived last fall from a
lady entirely unknown to us — Mrs. Dell H.
Munger — with a striking title, ““The Wind
Before the Dawn.” We should like to stop
here and write a page about the value of a
good title, but we desist.

The first reader into whose hands the manu-
script fell was enthusiastic, and she passed it
along with the remark that “‘ Here’s a book to
be reckoned with and an author to look out
for.” And so it passed from hand to hand,
each person speaking well of it and making
slight suggestions for minor improvements.
Fortunately, the author agreed with our sug-
gestions, and the book gained the real sym-
pathy and codperation which is the ideal con-
dition between author and publisher.

The book finally came to the sales depart-
ment, the most critical of all that have to
do with a new book. Critical no doubt
because it has to stand the cynicai obser-
vations of booksellers who have been led to
buy books which the public eventually decline.
But even here the remarkable record con-
tinued, and the sales department insisted upon
it that a good illustrator be employed to make
the pictures. So Mr. Fogarty, who knew

TALK: OF: THE - OFFICE: |

““'To business that we love we rise betime
And go to ’t with delight.’? — Antony and Cleopatra.

something of this Western country, was given
the manuscript, and he made a further new
record by becoming so interested in the book
that he wished to make more illustrations
than he was paid for.

“The Wind Before the Dawn” was sched-
uled to appear on August 20, 1912, and 5,000
were printed, which is large for a first book
by a new author. But meantime the story
of the book had been told to the dealers by the
travelers, and there were not enough books to
fill the orders when publication day came, and
up to September 25th (the present writing)
five editions have been put to press.

Yet still more records were broken by this
fortunate book. The reviewers can always
be counted on for one thing; namely, to dis-
agree. There is no such thing as final una-
nimity of opinion. But though a much larger
number of editor’s copies was sent out than
usual, a miracle has happened: no unfavorable
criticism has yet been received, and the book-
sellers have told us of no dissatisfied customer,
and some stores have sold as many as five
hundred at retail to individual buyers.

Perhaps the crowning and final record-
breaking fact about ‘‘The Wind Before the
Dawn” was a letter from the author, who
wrote that we were spending too much money
in pushing the book, and to go slow. About
the character and subject of the book itself
we have said nothing—but that is another
story and we tell it in the advertising pages.

DELFT LEATHER SERIES

Not that the leather is Delft; it is the pro-
tecting cover which looks like a Dutch tile,
which keeps the leather binding in good shape
until it is in the reader’s hands, that suggests
the word Delft. These books are bound in
suede leather in delicate and charming colors.
Look at them at your bookseller’s if he has
them, or order them from your bookseller, or
failing that, let us send them to you, on ap-
proval if you like. In England just now there
is a rage for books bound in beautiful suede
and “lambskin,” so-called, though no lamb
was ever sacrificed to cover these books, but
as the leather is soft and pliable the name is
appropriate. The trouble with selling them

———

in this country is that the average buyer does
not have opportunity to see them, as the
dealers are not yet convinced that such stock
is saleable: that’s the reason we urge you to
let us send on approval. Here is the list and
you will note that the prices are hardly more
than is asked for a good cloth binding.

THE PRICES IN SUEDE LEATHER

Bos, Son oF Battie. By Alfred Ollivant . $1.25
FRECKLES, By Gene Stratton-Porter. . . 1.60
A Girt or THE LiwBertost. By Gene Stratton-

Porter . PA See oc 6D
THe Harvester. By Gene Stratton-Porter LoGS
THE SPANISH JADE. By Maurice Hewlett I.25
Emmy Lov. By George Madden Martin . 1.25
Monsreur Beaucarre. By Booth Tarkington 1.25
Tue RicHER Lire. By Walter A. Dyer .Net, 1.50
ADVENTURES IN CONTENTMENT, By David

Grayson rrr ce NSE 1,50
ADVENTURES IN FrrenpsHrp. By David

Grayson. == 3s wf eee NCC eso
Tuey. By Rudyard Kipling... 1.60

Tue BrusHwoop Boy. By Rudyard Kipling 1.60

IN LAMBSKIN BINDING

Littte MasTEeRPIECES OF POETRY. 6 vols.
iPersvolumez a 9. - Scien. ae -80
Edited by Henry van Dyke
I. Ballads Old and IV. Odes, Sonnets, and
New Epigrams
II. Idylls and Stories V. Descriptive and Re-
in Verse flective Verse
Ill. Lyrics VI. Elegies and Hymns

6 vols. Per vol. ‘ .80
The Comedy Mask
Just in Fun

In Good Humor

Cap AND BELL SERIES.
In Jesting Vein
With Cap and Bells
With the Wits

THE BEST OF THE BeEsT OF POE . .80
THACKERAY . $.80

Tue Best or Haw- Tue Best or Lams .80
THORNE . . .80

THE BEST OF Tue Best or IRvING- .80
LINCOLN. . .80

SUBSCRIBE! SUBSCRIBE!!

At this time of year magazine publishers
are screaming aloud to customers to sub-
scribe early to “avoid the rush.” ° Like
the rest we should be glad if our readers will
do this and in the color insert printed in this
issue you will find inducements to add to your
list of magazines, but if the time is not pro-
pitious send us the subscription at your con-
venience — you are the persons to be pleased.

1912

NovEMBER,

THE GARDEN

The Readers’ Service gives
information about insurance

MAGAZINE

Cover Dresicn—Lilium myriophyllum (see page 145) - - -

THE Montu’s REMINDER - - - - - - - - - - - - - 143

LItiES FROM JUNE TO OCTOBER - - - - -
Photographs by N. R. Graves, A. G. Eldredge, and others
Cotor ARRANGEMENTS FOR DARWIN TULIPS AND OTHER

SPRING FLOWERS - - - - - - -
Photographs by the author

THE SPIRIT OF THE GARDEN - - - - -
Photographs by the author, W. S. Kimball, and others

Tue Brest EVERGREEN VINE FOR AMERICA
Photographs by Nathan R. Graves _

BuiILpincs IN THE Home Grounps: II., The Garage

Phil M. Riley 157

Photographs by A. G. Eldredge, M. H, Northend and others

THE CHILD’s GARDEN - - - - - -
Photographs by Flora Malcolm and others

A. Herrington 145

Mrs. Francis King 147
Ida M. H. Starr 15

Wilhelm Miller 155

- Ellen Eddy Shaw 159

Aber ene TEN eo Gh IS eS eS es aS Sa Gye es
Hollister Sage
KEEPING CELERY THROUGHOUT THE WINTER - - C.W.
Thomas J. Steed
M. Bowers

Edna Hartman
Helen A. Hayes

Anna Crandon

BREPARPORORS © AUS Heim mete en ene

PANSIES THE YEAR ROUND - - - - -
ForcinGc THE LiLy-OF-THE-VALLEY IN FLoRIDA
ORIENTAL Popey INOTESMeae =] =) = 7.4) =
How Last Winter ArFrecteD My PLANtTs
GROWING CRESS IN A GREENHOUSE - -
ING\ADMEOY INGER. ooo 6 eG) e! aS 5S Ss S 6
SHRUBS AND VINES FOR SHADY S1ITUATIONS Mrs. John B. Miles

ANOTHER UMBRELLA ADMIRER - - - - - Eloise Butler

Photograph by the author

SUBSCRIPTION;
$1.50 a year
Single copies 15 cts.

CopyRIGHT, 1912, BY DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
Entered as second-class matter at Garden City, New York, under the Act of Congress. March 3, 1879
F.N. Dousiepay, President Water H. Pacer, Hersert S. Houston, Vice-Presidents S.A. Everitt, Treasurer RussEL~t DouBLepay, Secretary

@ The man
who has helped
the East to
know the West

Stewart

Edward
White

“The Adventures of Bobby Orde”

“Tn one sense it is the finest thing the Grand Rapids novelist has done.
It shows a finer and sweeter knowledge of human nature than any of his
big novels of the lumber woods and of adventures by sea and land. He
has gone straight to the heart and motives of the normal healthy child,
and that is why, while it is the story of a boy, it is very much a story for
grownups and will appeal inerringly to every man who has not forgotten
his queer impulses, his bashfulness and his devoted friendship and little
chivalries while he was himself a boy —Grand Rapids Evening Press.”

Illustrated. Fixed price, $1.20 (postage 1 2c.).

“The Rules of the Game”

“Tt is full of adventure, and has a climax of absorbing interest.’’—St.
John Globe.
Illustrated. Fixed price, $1.40 (postage 15c.).

“The Cabin”

“““ The Cabin’ has somehow captured the spell of the wild woods and
the brooding peace of the mountains. ‘The Cabin’ is gotten up in
the style that charms one utterly before the first page is read, and the

illustrations make you feel perfectly wild to be up and away to the
Sierras.” — Lexington Herald.

Illustrated. Net, $1.50 (postage 15c.).

GARDEN CITY Doubleday, P age & Co. new york

137

- George Oakes Stoddard

PAGE

161
162
162
164
164
166
168

176

For Foreign Postage
add 6sc.
For Canada add 35c.

November Days Are Red Letter Days at
Rosedale

One November day in 1905 we booked an order
for nearly $4,000 and the buyer is still an enthu-
siastic customer. ‘The time is ideal for planting
deciduous trees and shrubs in many varieties. Of
1215 trees and shrubs planted by us one November
on a large estate at Scarboro, N. Y., only 12 failed,
or less than one per cent.

By frequent transplanting, a well developed
root-system insures not only the life but also
the vigorous growth of Rosedale products whether
of ordinary or

Large Sizes for Immediate Effect

Rosedale Catalogue describes and prices our full line
of Hardy products, including: Dwarf and Standard Fruit
Trees, Irish Roses, Flowering Shrubs, Vines and Trees up
to 20 ft. Hardy perennials and Holland Bulbs.

Order now and we will ship only what may be
safely planted, holding the balance of your order
for Spring.

S. G. HARRIS, M. S.
63 Hamilton Place Landscape Dep’t. Tarrytown, N. Y.

|

i heeR coders Servicekiaporebaredile A
138-142 advise mavens in saad he eehoale al H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E NOVEMBER, 1912

A winter garden that you
will thoroughly enjoy

Try a bit of winter gardening with Sunlight Double Glass Sash. You will realize
for the first time the enjoyment of hot-bed
and cold-frame growing, with absolutely none
of the back-breaking, discouraging drudgery.

No covering or uncovering of beds
With Sunlight Double Glass Sash you never have to use

4 : mats or boards for covering even in zero weather. The cTiwellayerectlslasstnstend
You can have a truck garden in your back yard that will keep you double layer of glass protects the plants—prevents their of one with a $ inch layer

supplied with fresh vegetables and will give you infinite pleasure being injured by frost, snow and ice. ioe an Bovce ee ( f

Flowers and vegetables when they are luxuries
on the market

Since you never have to cover Sunlight Double Glass Sash
your plants get all the light all the time which makes them oe 3
grow rapidly and mature earlier. When lettuce, tomatoes, so P veutcanthave violets
cauliflower, radishes, beets, etc., are Juxuries on the daily ) cadre amie

cauliflower for early
market, you can have them right out of your own garden if Spring; tomato plants
you use Sunlight Double Glass Sash

to set out as soon as
Can also be made profitable

itis warm
Many amateur growers have made money with their
Sunlight Sash by selling flowers and vegetables to their
neighbors when such things were bringing fancy prices on
the market. For full information address

All you have to do with Sunlight Sash is to tilt them up on warm Sunlight Double Glass Sash Co.
days. Mats and boards are unknown to Sunlight Sash, users. 927E. Broadway Louisville, Ky.

Get These Two Books

One is our free catalog; the other is a
book on hot-beds and cold-frames by
Professor Massey. It is authoritative, tells
how to make and care for the hot-

what and when to plant. 4c. in stamps
will bring Professor Massey's book in
addition to the catalog.

IT IS NOT ENOUGH
TO RECOMMEND
THIS BOOK, BUT WE
BEG THE READER
TO READ SLOWLY
AND CAREFULLY,
TO REALIZE APPRE=
GAP OYE ILE ILISUS,
ENTIRE CHARM OF IN THE. U. S. IS
A REFRESHINGLY BECAUSE THEY

oe ARE WHOLE-

DELICIOUS STORY. ae SOME uTOR
—Literary Digest. . DOOR AND
5 SANE STORIES

1,000,000

COPIES HAVE
BEEN SOLD OF
MRS. PORTER'S
BOOKS AND
THE REASON
THEY ARE TO-
DAY THE BEST
SELLING BOOKS

The Samal Angel | “PREC “THE Hc

“A GIRL OF THE LIMBERLOST”

re face
Author of

‘The Circuit Rider’s Wife,’ Etc.
AT ALL BOOKSHOPS

At All Book-shops Everywhere

Cc

Garden Magazine

VoL. XVI—No. 4

PUBLISHED MONTHLY

NOVEMBER, 1912

J ONE DOLLAR FIFTY CENTS A YEAR
(FIFTEEN CENTS A Copy

[For the purpose of reckoning dates, New York is

generally taken as a standard. Allow six days’ differ-
ence for every hundred miles of latitude.]

Preparing for Winter

+ Ree sun may be shining on snowless
fields, flowers may be blooming, the
furnace still unlit and the heavy overcoat
still in the cedar chest —but beware!
Winter is close upon us.

Are you prepared for it? Have you done
your duty toward your garden? Can
you come indoors and hibernate with an
easy conscience until the buds of spring
burst open?

Have You, for Instance

Wrapped standard and tea roses in straw
jackets or bent the standards over and
covered them with soil?

Raked leaves in around rhododendrons,
cedars and other evergreens?

Burlapped exposed and newly planted
specimens or erected a screen of pine
boughs or rough boards around them?

Covered the English ivy on the north
side of the house?

Cut the dead stalks of the perennials and
heaped them over the crowns?

Forked a little manure into all the peren-
nial beds and borders, carefully and
not too deep? (Later you can scatter
on handfuls of leaves as the tempera-
ture falls.)

Mulched all the bush fruits, young fruit
trees and ornamentals with loose
strawy manure? (But don’t let the
mulch lie close around the trunks till
the ground has frozen and the cold
sent mice, rabbits, etc., elsewhere for
a winter nest.)

Ploughed or trenched the vegetable
garden (if the soil is heavy) and left
it rough for frost action? (If not, let

the chickens in when you do; they will
find a choice lot of grubs and*insects in
the newly turned soil.)

Or (if the soil is sandy and lacks
humus) spread, manure over the garden.

Cut back long bramble canes liable to be
broken by winter winds? (Canes may
be bent over and buried like standard
roses if they are extra tender.)

Raked up and burned all prunings, litter
and rubbish that cannot be used for
mulching or compost?

Repaired all the mats you will need on the
coldframes this winter?

Brought in soil, leaf mold and sand for
potting and filling benches?

Gotten in coal for greenhouse and
dwelling? And pots, flats and all in-
door gardening apparatus?

Potted parsley plants for an indoor winter
supply?

Dug and stored in a cool part of the
cellar rhubarb and asparagus roots for
midwinter forcing?

Dug early celery and stored it in an ac-
cessible pit? And covered the late
varieties with more soil that they may
be harvested unfrozen directly from
the row.

Cleaned and put away the outdoor tools
as you finish with them? (A list of
what you have missed this season made
now will be mighty helpful in February
when you make out your 1913 order
list.)

Cut the dahlia tops, dug the bulbs, dried
them and put them away in a cool,
dark, dry place?

Laid plank walks over gravel paths and
grass plots where winter travel is
common and where mud and slush are
especially inconvenient?

Brought in the winter’s wood supply?
(We read of the joys of winter lumber-
ing, but snow covered wood is heavy,
wet and messy; better haul yours
while it is dry.)

Made sure that all water pipes crossing
the lawn and gardens are pro-
tected against frost and unnecessary
leaks?

Fitted weather strips, storm doors and
windows on the house?

Cleaned out rain gutters and leaders?

Rendered impossible water logging of the
soil next spring by means of timely
tile drains?

Finished all concrete jobs before severe
weather?

Divided lily-of-the-valley and other hardy
perennial clumps?

143

Made the bees comfortable for the
winter? (The first real cold day after
a mild spell is the time to bring the
hives into a moderately dark and dry
place with a uniform temperature of
from 4o to 45 degrees F. If nothing
worse than zero weather is expected
supply a layer of absorbent material
just under the cover and pack the
hives well with straw, leaves or news-
papers.)

Numbered the hives (if taken indoors)
and their stands to prevent confusion
next spring?

This is quite a formidable list of re-
minders, to be sure, and some of them are
superfluous to you; but its worth while now
and then to recapitulate. Checking up our
garden duties is the best kind of reverie to
indulge in because we are sure to light on
some one little thought that may save a
lot of time later on.

In November, Before the Ground Freezes

URN the compost heap once.

Plant deciduous shrubs, vines, fruit
trees, and bushes, and ornamental trees;
except, peach, plum, cherry, beech, birch,
magnolia, tender roses and a few similar
species that need spring planting.

Plant every kind of hardy spring flower-
ing bulb. Iris, daffodil, snowdrop, scilla,
lilies, crocus, hyacinth and tulips are all
included, but use only firm, solid bulbs.

Cover with a foot or more of manure any
beds where you are going to put bulbs that
you are still expecting.

After the ground freezes, cover the
strawberry bed and the old bulb borders
with several inches of manure.

Spread manure on the lawn.

At Any Old Time During November

Sone and wash with lye or white-

yash the trunks of the old fruit trees
and doctor them, i.e., prune stubs and dead
branches, clean and fill holes with cement,
bolt up weak limbs, etc.

Cut off and destroy all shrivelled fruit,
curled leaves, worm nests and webs that
disfigure some and endanger all the trees.

Spray once with lime-sulphur or some
other scalecide.

Paint gypsy moth egg clusters.

Trap cutworms in the greenhouse benches
with poisoned baits or by going through the
house with a lantern about nine o’clock
at night.

Pack and ship your prize chrysanthe-
mums.

144

Set away the stock plants from which
the blooms have been taken for cuttings to
start from.

Find out by attending the shows just
what new varieties you want, then make
out an order, at once, to be filled next
spring.

Store the pea brush and bean poles where
they will be handy next spring and where
they will not harbor insect enemies all
winter.

Begin to test whatever seeds you have on
hand.

Examine from time to time the root pit
or the vegetable shelves for rotting speci-
mens. Destroy these at once.

Similarly look over the preserves now
and then for any that are not keeping well.

Start that mushroom bed.

Figure out, before you forget important
details (as you surely will) how much the
garden cost and how much it was really
worth.

Then send an account of it to THE
GARDEN MAGAZINE.

Repair or buy snow shovels and ice
scrapers before you need them _ too
badly.

Plant lily-of-the-valley pips from florists’
cold storage in moss or sand for table
decorations. Keep moist and at a tem-
perature of 75 to go degrees.

Plant bulbs for New Years to Easter
bloom.

Bring in potted strawberries (till now
plunged in a corner of the garden), gradually
accustom them to the warmth, then force
for Christmas fruit.

Transplant cuttings of geraniums, coleus,
begonia, etc., as they need more room,
and start new cuttings of the typical
house plants.

News and Comment

SOME PRINCIPLES OF WINTER
PROTECTION

T DOESN’T matter in the least how

you protect your plants, trees and

bushes this winter, so long as you get cer-
tain results.

We wear clothes not only to keep warm
but to avoid sunburn and mosquito bites,
to keep off rain and for other reasons. In
the same way we mulch and wrap and bank
up in the garden for several diverse pur-
poses. Many of our fruits, flowers and
vegetables are existing under conditions far
different from those where they originated.
So when the weather gets severe it’s only
fair to make the surroundings as nearly
homelike as possible.

These are the dangers against which we
give winter protection:

1. Low temperatures and cold winds.

2. Actual freezing of intercellular moist-
ure, rupturing and destroying the tissues.

3. The heaving of alternately thawed
and frozen heavy soil, which tears plants
out of the ground.

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

4. The whipping and breaking of
branches and vines by the wind.

5. Gmawing of the bark by squirrels,
rabbits, mice, etc.

6. The scalding effects of direct, intense
sunlight.

7. Unnatural winter growth stimulated
by a few warm days.

8. Excessive drying out of the soil.

g. The breaking of branches overloaded
with snow.

Different plants are threatened by dif-
ferent dangers. Study their habits, natures,
and needs and use in your protective work
not only straw and leaves, but also plenty of
reason and common sense.

TO KEEP OUT FOREIGN PESTS

T LAST we have horticultural “Pure
Food Legislation!” Under the pro-
visions of the nursery stock quarantine
law passed in August, all imported nursery
stock must be accompanied by a certificate
of inspection from the exporting country
and must receive a permit from the Federal
Horticultural Board before it is admitted.
Stock may not be shipped between states
until the Board or its local representative
is advised of the nature, source, consignor,
destination, consignee, etc., of the ship-
ment; and all these facts must be plainly
marked on the outside of each package
comprising the consignment.

The Federal Horticultural Board,
created by the law and appointed by the
Secretary of Agriculture, is as follows:
C. L. Marlatt of the Bureau of Entomology,
Chairman; and W. A. Orton, plant pathol-
gist, Peter Bissett, of the Bureau of Plant
Introduction, A. F. Burgess, entomologist,
and G. B. Sudworth of the Forest Service.
It is given full authority to control and
regulate shipments and importations of
nursery stock; to quarantine any country
or state infected by a plant disease or
insect as yet not common in the United
States; and to create local officials to
carry on its work.

The law carries an appropriation of
$50,000 and establishes, without further
act of the Board, a quarantine about all
localities infected with the white pine
blister rust, the potato wart disease and
the Mediterranean fly. It pronounces
violations of its rulings misdemeanors
subject to a $500 fine, imprisonment for
one year or both; and in the term nursery
stock it includes “all field-grown florists’
stock, trees, shrubs, vines, cuttings, grafts,
cions, buds, fruit pits or seeds of fruit
or ornamental trees or shrubs, and other
plants and plant products for propagation,
except field, vegetable and flower seeds,
bedding plants, and~other herbaceous
plants, bulbs, and roots.” But the Board
is further authorized to extend the defini-
tion so as to include any or all of the
articles excepted above, whenever it shall
determine that the importation of such
material may result in some insect or
disease infection.

Such a law enforced twenty years earlier

NovEemMBER, 1912

might have kept this country free from San
Jose scale, and many another pest that is
responsible for millions of dollars’ loss each
year; now that it zs on the statutes, it is
to the interests of every person involved
and of the entire country that it be con-
scientiously enforced. The very first step
is for every person who has occasion to
import or ship nursery stock to obtain
from the Government or the Board a

copy of the law. Don’t overlook this;

it may save you the inconvenience of legal
measures that cannot be escaped through
a plea of “ignorance of the law.”

THE BASIS OF FERTILITY

VY A lecture before the Eighth Inter-
national Congress of Applied Chemistry
held in New York in September, Dr.
Gabriel Bertrand, director of the Pasteur
Institute in Paris, demonstrated the im-
portance of manganese being present in the
soil. Sir William Ramsay ranks this as
one of the greatest achievements in
chemistry.

Professor Bertrand presumed that com-
mercial fertilizers of potassium, phos-
phorous and nitrogen compounds were not
completely adapted to all soils or plants,
since analysis of plant fibre reveals many
elements not supplied by such fertilizers.
His experiments for five years show an
increase of twenty-five to fifty per cent. in
the crop where the soil has been treated
with manganese. French concerns are
preparing to manufacture this fertilizer in
large quantities.

We have long recognized the great value
of green plants of the leguminous class for
the nitrogen and humus they supply to
the soil when ploughed under. It is
likely that there are many other reasons
for their value, as yet hidden to us.
The metals which they hold in organic
form are quickly available when re-
turned to the soil in the leaves and
stems of the dead plants. For these rea-
sons barnyard manure may claim many
of its virtues. :

Tron and aluminum are two metals
abundant in the soil and widely distributed.
That iron is essential to plant as well as
animal growth has long been known. Its
presence is remarkably evident when
vegetable fibre is chemically tested.

As we find in the laboratory that the
presence of some metals are necessary for
the reaction of others although not con-
tributing to the product itself; so too we
may find that in the soil, elements foreign
to plant food are necessary that its nutri-
tion may proceed.

Doctor Bertrand has opened a field of
great possibilities of which he no doubt is
the most able leader. We are slowly un-
covering the secrets of nature apparently
simple in action, though complex in their
relations and difficult to unravel. The
increase of crops by these subtle means is
of tremendous importance when we see its
cumulative results in the agriculture of
the world.

Lilium speciosum or lancifolium sure to bloom and

comes in all colors, from deep red to pure white

The little coral lily (L. tenuifolium) about 18 inches
high is easily grown from seed

is the ideal flower but

The trumpet Easter lily,
is hardly as hardy as some of the newer kinds

Lilies From June To October—By A. Herrington, %:,

PLANT BULBS THIS FALL AND HAVE FIVE MONTHS OF SUMMER BLOOM—
PERMANENT KINDS THAT MULTIPLY FROM YEAR TO YEAR IN THE GARDEN

7] egeI8 are at least fifty beautiful
hardy lilies perfectly fitted for our
gardens and there are probably fifty
thousand gardeners who have as yet never
had a lily planted in their gardens. All
these lilies are perfectly easy to grow if
planted in the fall with ordinary care, in
almost any reasonably good garden soil,
and you can have these gorgeous flowers
for five months. Five months of lily
bloom! Just fancy! No bulbs give such
immense flowers and they come in sum-
mer when other fall planted bulbs are
gone. There is more time to plant now
than in the spring. I hope many readers
of THe GARDEN MAGAzINE will profit by
‘this hint. Everybody likes lilies. From
late spring to early fall, whatever lily is
blooming in its season, it is forceful and
strikingly effective either in beds or in-
termingled with shrubbery.

The Easter lily has acquired a tremend-
ous vogue because of its adaptability for
forcing into flower at Easter time. A
number of others exist awaiting a more
widespread recognition of their noble
beauty and permanent worth in the outdoor
garden, not even excepting our own wild
native species. Almost all lilies are ‘‘chil-
dren of the wild” for the family has a
world-wide distribution; although they
appear to be confined to the northern
portions of the earth. It matters little
whence they come; the important thing is
their hardiness and constancy of character,
their sterling qualities as enduring garden
flowers.

Some lilies have been long popular and
of widespread cultivation as the Madonna
lily and tiger lily, but there are many others
comparatively unknown, and the world
may yet have in store for us other undis-
covered beauties, such as those that Mr.
E. H. Wilson, in his recent extensive ex-
ploration of China, discovered, kinds that
promise to become permanent additions
to good garden lilies, having been proved to
be quite hardy in New England. One of
these, Lilium myriophyllum (shown in color
on this month’s cover), is a most note-
worthy addition, as the only really hardy
white funnel flowered lily. The interior is
luminous canary yellow at thebase with deep
pinkish red exterior, which sometimes suf-
fuses the white, L. Aramerz the best pink
lily is a little too delicate for general use.

L. Sargentie is another of the Wilson
introductions that we are assured has a
permanent garden future before it. It
grows six to seven feet high. The intro-
duction of these new species and the interest
their outcoming will create should contrib-
ute to an awakening interest in lilies.
Yet strange as it may seem, even when
varieties of extraordinary merit are offered
acceptation and appreciation of them are
slowly accorded.

About twenty years ago Dr. Henry dis-
covered in China and sent bulbs to Europe,
of what was then a new species. It was
named Lilium Henryi in compliment to its
discoverer and I unhesitatingly proclaim it
the best all around summer garden lily, a
long lived permanent plant. How many

145

growit? Some of the trade lists offer it yet
as a new and rare kind. It is now not very
new and (even if called rare) should not be
scarce for it multiplies rapidly. Fifteen
years ago [imported a dozen bulbs. These
have increased to hundreds and I have seen
strong bulbs throw up stalks to a height of
eight feet and bear seventy-five flowers.
What a glorious lily to give height and
color in the hardy border in August, a
glowing graceful mass of orange yellow.

The garden lily display begins with L.
elegans or Thunbergianum, as some growers
designate it. This is early, variable, and
dwarf. There are not less than a dozen
distinct and handsome varieties in a wide
range of color, from pale yellow to darkest
crimson. Some grow less than one foot
high, others attain to two feet; but all are
hardy and free flowering. Another June
gem is a glowing scarlet lily from Siberia,
L. tenuifolium — this is best grown from
seed. It only grows about eighteen inches
high but on top of its slender stems it bears
numbers of brilliant flowers. Following
these in beautiful and unbroken succession
come others, numerous and important.
Present space will not permit enlarging up-
on them in variety and detail, but the lilies
that can be relied upon to do well in gardens
are tabulated below and from that list
selections may be made for all or any part
of the lily season.

The beginner who wants a few lilies and
these to embrace a long season should plant
some of the L. elegans group, L. candidum,
L. croceum, L. Chalcedonicum. L. tigrinum,

146 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE NovemBer, 1912
Easily Grown Lilies that will Bloom from May to September
2 { 5s
> NAME SEASON HEIGHT NAME SEASON a HEIGHT
Pa x . 2 COLOR OF FLOWER AVER- = more ne COLOR OF FLOWER AVER-
3 a TRADE OR CATALOGUE OF BLOOM AGE TRADE OR CATALOGUE OF BLOOM B 2 AGE
iY Elegans alutaceum May Gc Apricot 9 in. 7 | Monadelphum, var. % D Pale to deep yellow
iY Bulbiferum June (G Crimson T ft. Szovitzianum spotted black 4-5 ft.
i Elegans Alice Wilson sf (Sc Lemon yellow Eaitts July,August} D Varies from orange to
+ Aurora ¢ Orange, suffused with t | Pardalinum bright red & spotted | 6-8 ft.
red I ft. St D Orange red to crimson
ta § Incompar- (e Rich crimson red t | Superbum and black spotted | 6-8 ft.
able spotted with black | 13 ft. August Cc White, crimson spot-
Z Van Houttei zs c Crimson Metts 7 | Auratum ted with yellow band
* Tenuifolium se D Bright scarlet 13 ft down centre of each
T Browni June, July A Pure white inside, red- petal 4 ft.
dish brown outside | 2-3 ft. s Cc White, red spotted and
“a Candidum a A Purest white 4 ft. 7 platy- yellow banded 4 ft.
2 Croceum ff (S Deep orange 3-4 ft. phyllum & Cc White, yellow spotted
* | Maculatum (Han- a D Rich yellow, spotted T s virginale ss ¢ and yellow banded | 4 ft.
soni) iG with black 3-4 ft sf (c White, with crimson
* | Martagon ee D_ | Purple Bite 7 ss rubro- band down each
* | Elegans (Umbella- ‘S Vars. pale yellow vittatum petal 4 ft.
tum Dahuricum) through orange ss Cc White, unspotted, yel-
shades to deepest T es Wittei low banded 4 ft.
crimson 2 ft.
ft | Canadense July D_ | Variable in shades of * | Elegans fulgens s C_ | Rich apricot Bits
yellow and red Burt (Batemanniae) « B Red, black spots 3-4 ft.
* | Chalcedonicum oh D Bright scarlet 3-4 ft * | Tigrinum sf B Red, heavily spotted | 5 ft.
* | Elegans venustum : splendens . C_ | Apricot, yellow, with
macranthum sf (c Orange 2 ft. 7 | Elegans var. Wallacei dark spots 3-4 ft
* | Testaceum (excel- 5 D Nankeen yellow, un- * | Henryi Aug., Sept.| B Deep orange yellow
sum) ique in color effect| 4-5 ft with darker pro-
Grayi sf D Red with purple spots | 4 ft. || tuberances 4-8 it
tT Humboldti f D Yellow spotted with | 4-6 ft “A Speciosum album a B Pure white 3 ft.
* | Longiflorum Wilsoni ss A purple white 3-4 ft = : rubrum s B Rose colored Bit
* | Martagon album g D Pure white ft. if Melpomene s B Dark crimson purple | 3 ft.
*. : dalmati- ss Dark shining blackish | * | Tigrinum Fortunei . B Red, heavily spotted | 4 ft.
cum D purple 4-6 ft.l|

* All the lilies marked thus should thrive in any
ordinary fertile good garden soil. If the available
soil is naturally close or adhesive it can be lightened
and made more porous by digging some coarse sand
into it. If the soil is light and sandy procure some
clay loam and incorporate with it, but in a broad
sense all these lilies can be depended upon to live
and increase under average garden conditions.

L. umbellatum, and L. speciosum. These
represent various types of the flower.
There are four clearly defined types as
indicated in the table by the letters, A,
B, C, and D. First the funnel form like
the easter lily (A). Then the pendant
spreading or bell form (B). The same
flower erect is the cup-like type (C) which
flowers the earliest of all; and (D) the
turk’s-cap group with petals completely
reversed. All these are shown in the
illustrations.

WHEN TO PLANT

Lilies should be planted as soon as the
bulbs can be procured at any time during
fall or early winter and the growth will be
stronger and better than from the same
bulbs set out in spring. Of some of the
late flowering sorts it may be difficult to
secure delivery of properly matured bulbs
till quite late in the year, but plant them
as soon as you can even if you have to cover
the planting site with long manure to ex-
clude frost previous to planting, rather
than defer the operation till spring. The
Madonna lily should be planted in August,
if possible.

Wherever and whenever you plant, con-
sider their comparative permanency, and
do not plant where they are subject to dis-
turbance and surface cultivation. A group

} These lilies require a good soil, and if the soil is
heavy it should be lightened with the addition of
some leaf-mold or peat; also these lilies do not
quite so well withstand heat and drought. Partial
shade is beneficial especially at their roots, which
can be provided by interplanting them among
other plants that will shade, yet not too densely
cover the ground.

of lilies may stand for several years in one
position, in fact till the bulbs have become

L. Hansoni, flowering in July. has thick fleshy orange
yellow flowers, very distinc

{This group embraces all native species and
they are shade and moisture loving. Although
they lift up their tall flower spikes to the bright
sun, they like a cool root run at all times. Ina

-cool north corner, or by lake or stream, or in any

moist hollow, about or near the garden, these lilies
are a host in themselves wherewith to make a sum-
mer picture.

crowded by natural increase, then it is well
to dig up, divide, and replant. Although
fertility of soil is essential to good lily
growth, they dislike rank manure in con-
tact with their roots. In fact, it engenders
disease. If manure must be added be sure
it is old and well rotted.

HOW TO PLANT

When planting the bulbs it is a wise
precaution to have some good sharp sand
at hand and put some in each hole to form
a sand base for the bulbs to rest upon.
Some extra careful planters go even
farther than this and sprinkle sand over the
entire bulb so that it is enveloped in sand
to a depth of half an inch. There is merit
in this as a protection from insects or detri-
mental soil bacteria, also it obviates stag-
nation from excess of moisture. One thing
is certain: Lilies amply repay every
effort put forth in the provision of con-
genial soil conditions and careful planting.
The bulbs should be planted from four to
eight inches deep, according to their sizes.

Although manure is detrimental in di-
rect contact with the bulbs, lilies can be fed
by and enjoy surface applications of this
material.

Nearly all lilies have two sets of roots,
one lot growing from the base of the bulb,
the others emanating from the stem, both

NovEMBER, 1912

comes in a number of

L. elegans, easily grown,
varieties from red to yellow, perfectly hardy

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

in the ground and often a short distance
above it. A manurial topdressing is most
beneficial to these stem roots, in inducing
vigor of growth and conserving the soil
moisture. For the same reason partial
shade is beneficial to all, though not essen-
tial to many, but particularly so to the
extent that they may be so planted with
associated plants that will help to shade
the ground surface and thus afford some
protection from the scorching summer sun.

SOME LILY COMBINATIONS

For example, lilies and peonies are a sug-
gestive possible combination. Peonies
have to be widely planted to permit perfect
leaf growth and they might be most
advantageously interplanted with lilies,
which flower later in the season and would
be decidedly benefited by the shade cast
upon the ground. A bed or group so
planted in soil previously deeply dug and
prepared would need no further care or
labor beyond weeding and topdressing for
at least ten years. This is flower gardening
of the most permanent and least expensive
kind. The first cost is the only cost and
even this cost need not exceed the amount
that is often paid for a very temporary
flower display of a short season’s duration.
Lilies, too, are happy in association with
some of the choicer shrubs as rhododen-
drons, azaleas, or any others not so ram-
pant as to appropriate all the soil moisture
and this suggests another disposition of
them in pretty ways, informally grouped
and permanently attractive.

L. Henryi, orange yellow, is perfectly hardy and

increases rapidly. A valuable August flower

Color Arrangements for Darwin Tulips and Other
Spring-flowering Bulbs — By Mrs. Francis King

ACT ON THESE SUGGESTIONS NOW, AND HAVE RARE COLOR PICTURES IN YOUR GARDENS
JUST TIME TO DO THE PLANTING BEFORE WINTER COMES

NEXT YEAR— THERE IS

I BELIEVE I shall always remember this
last May as the Darwinian May. As
the mention of this adjective is doubtless
music to the ear of the scientist, so its
sound is equally delectable to the possessor
and lover of the Darwin tulips. In a bit
of writing appearing some time ago in this
journal, I set down a list of Darwins ar-
ranged for color combination, taken froma
fine English source. These I tried for the
first time this year; and I assure the reader
when I saw them I fell down and wor-
shipped. A pageant of color, a marvellous
procession of flowery grandeur — no words
are mine in which to tell of my sensations
on seeing this beauty for the first time; and
the sensations were not mine alone. They
were shared by all those who saw them,
among them some sophisticated eyes, eyes
which might not show delight without good
cause.

The color arrangement proved not so
good as I had hoped. And thanks to an
ingenious guest, we rearranged for next

year in this fashion. One tulip of each
variety was cut and labelled with a slip of
paper. These cut tulips were then placed
in the open spaces of the rattan or cane seat
of a Chinese chair, the large flowers resting
against the back and sides of the chair.
The round openings in the woven cane
exactly admitted the stiff stems of the
Darwins; the background of basket-looking
stuff was most becoming to the gay flowers,
and at our leisure, seated in comfort before
our tulip galaxy we arranged and re-
arranged till the following plan evolved
itself — a plan of which I append a rather
feebly drawn chart—a plan, however,
which I recommend with my whole heart,
a Darwinian theory less abstruse if not
more certain in its outcome than that
of him in whose honor these noble spring
flowers are named.

Another probably successful arrangement
of spring flowers suggests itself. Why
should not the tall lemon-colored blooms of
Tulipa vitellina show back of rather close

groupings of Scilla campanulata’s lavender
bells, while the tender yellow of Alyssum
saxatile, var. sulphureum creates a charming
foreground? The three flowers bloomed
with me this year at the same time, and I
cannot but advise a trial planting of them
together — say a dozen of the tulips, fifty
scillas, and six or seven roots of the beauti-
ful hardy alyssum and you have a picture
which a true ‘“‘garden soul” will feel beneath
the ground in winter. This could be done
in a spot apart, a bit of ground sacred to
adventures in flowers.

And while we are on adventures in
flowers, may I impart a few impressions of
some tulips seen this spring for the first
time? Really revelations — some of them
unspeakably beautiful. Coming, for in-
stance, unexpectedly upon Tulipa viridi-
flora was like coming upon a specially
beautifully green and white trillium in a
wood. This tulip has that precious look
of not having been evolved. Yet it is a
May-flowering or cottage tulip. What

148

pleasure in a few bulbs of this unique flower,
in its aspect of untouchedness! It cannot
be possible, one thinks, that the delicate
bands of green up and down its palest
yellow painted petals were not set there by
the skilful eye and brush of perhaps the
Japanese!

Tulip The Fawn, a Darwin this, was
almost unbelievable in its beauty. No
description of it in print satisfies me. May
I here give my own? Pale amber to
cream-color outside, suffused with soft
pinkish lavender, the whole effect that of
a tea rose. Why not give it a subtitle —
the tea-rose tulip? And why not grow it
with that deep rich purple Darwin Faust?
The contrast between these two is tremend-
ously striking yet there is a certain harmony
of tone which allows of their dwelling to-
together not only in peace but in beauty.

Gudin, a tall tulip of a pale mauve hue,
looking its best near a group of the stately
Innocence, was another of the wonders of
the spring. Orpheus, a charming flower
turning to warm rose in its last days;
Emerald Gem, oddly named when its
richest of salmon

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

is, is of a grayish green which makes the
flower a fit companion for the dusty miller
(Senecio Cineraria). The ixiolirion is one
of the bravest of bulbs, coming triumph-
antly through the bitter frosts of last win-
ter. IJxiolirion Pallasi is named as a good
one, and this I hope to try. The lasting
qualities of ixiolirion in water is one of its
recommendations and because it is so very
perfect when cut, if used with sprays of
Deutzia Lemoineit— for daytime use on
the table, that is, for I have yet to find
the blue that can properly be used under
artificial light —I hope to let a quantity
of these beautiful waving things blow near
and before the low bushes of the deutzia
next spring. These will follow the tiny
Italian Tulipa Clusiana, whose slender
beauty grows dearer every year.. Clusiana
is neighbored by Puschkinia and the two
are preceded by some species of crocus —
the Scotch, I think, var. C. biflorus pusillus.

So we achieve an uncommon spring
planting, delicate and lovely for weeks from
the end of April to the first of June, always
interesting whether the small flowers are

blooms are consid-
ered, and which
with Orange Globe
should form a com- Scale sina ist

NovemBer, 1912

Tulipa Gesneriana varieties have a special charm
of form and pure rich colors

Grand MONARQUE

La Mervenie

bination of brilliant

color unsurpassed,

and Dom Pedro, a Breeder tulip, a flower
of wonderful mahogany tones whichI should
ever choose to see associated with Coridion,
lovely “clear yellow with stripe of lilac
through centre of petal.”

About June 3rd comes /xiolirion macran-
tha, like a small lavender lily, with delicate
tubular flowers, as many as a dozen up and
down the graceful waving stem. The
leafage of this flower is scanty — what there

Here is the well balanced color scheme finally endorsed

coming or going —and if planted with
judgment and discrimination as to natural-
looking arrangement, regard to height and
color, we may without fear of disappoint-
ment think in December of the rare joys in
store for us in that spot whenit shall have
been touched by the suns of spring.

A charming happening has just taken
place in the borders. The bush honey-
suckles of Michigan were never more glori-

A pleasing bit of color: Stachys lanata (silvery gray). pale pink Canterbury bell with baby‘s breath and
iris foliage

ously covered with their veils of white and

rose than this spring. It may have been

the gradually warming season, the unin-

terrupted progress

from leaf bud to

ee blossom; in any

Ge) case, the tale is the

same all about us —

the loniceras have

been remarkably

fine. Below a towering group of Lonicera,

var. bella albida, whose flowers in early

June are just passing, crowds of the

swaying long-spurred hybrid aquilegias

bloom and blow. Most of us now know

the unusual delicacy and range of cclor

in these charming flowers — faint pinks,

yellows, blues and lavenders—all pale
and poised as they are.

But oh! to catch beyond, under the
shadow of the honeysuckle boughs as I did
but now, the sight of masses of blooming
pink scillas, Scilla campanulata, var. rosea,
at precisely the moment, in precisely the
place where its modest beauty was most
perfectly displayed — to have this as a sur-
prise, ot a special plan — here was a pleas-
ure of a quality all too seldom felt and
known. Nothing could carry on and re-
peat the tones of the pink and lavender
aquilegias as does this loveliest of late
scillas. In appearance more like a tall
lily-of-the-valley than any other flower I
can call to mind, in tone so cool a pink that
it is perfect in combination with the blue,
lavender or pink columbines. It is en-
chanting as their neighbor and far more
interesting thus used than in the more
commonplace proximity to its cousin or
sister, the lavender Scilla campanulata, var.
excelsior, blooming at the same time. To
me it would be dull to see sheets of these
two spring flowers near each other or inter-
mingling. Dull, I mean, compared with
such a possibility as the combination I have
tried to describe and which was simply one
of those heavenly accidents befalling all too
rarely the ardent gardener.

On this June day the buds in my garden

NovEMBER, 1912

are almost as enchanting as the openflowers.
Things in bud bring, in the heat of a June
noontide, the recollection of the loveliest
days of the year—those days of May
when all is suggested, nothing yet fulfilled.
To-day I have been looking at something
one of these photographs feebly tries to
show — tall spikes of pale pink Canterbury
bells, the flowers unusually large, standing
against a softly rounding background of
gypsophila in bud; to the left of the cam-
panulas leaves of Iris pallida, var. Dal-
matica, so tall that their presence is imme-
diately felt; a little before, but still to the
left of the pink spikes and the iris, perhaps
a dozen tall silvery velvet stems of Stachys
Janata, whose tiny flowers give but a hint
of their pale lavender as yet, and are lost
in the whiteness of the young leaflets, and
— and this is the thing which really creates
the picture—three or four spreading
branches, a foot from the ground and
directly below the campanulas, of Statice
incana Silver Cloud, tiny points of white
showing that the whole dense spray will
soon be full of flowers.

Below and among the campanulas (which
TI keep in bloom a very long time by a care-
ful daily taking off of every shrivelling
bloom), stand salmon pink balsams, these
to replace with their two-foot masses of
flowers the campanulas when the latter’s
day is over and to rise above the gray-
white leaves of the stachys when its bloom-
ing time is also past. This stachys is a
lovely adjunct to the garden. The texture
of its leaves is a matter of surprise to every-
one who touches them. Most people would
call stachys “woolly,” but I do not like
this word — (is it because I live in the
West?) — and why apply an _ unpoetic
word to any one of the lovely inhabitants
of our gardens?

It came about that a space before the
bush honeysuckles—the pink flowering
variety, Lonicera Tatarica, var. rosea —in
a border, needed filling with lower shrubs.
The piece of ground to be furnished was
perhaps fifteen feet long by three wide,
though irregular in both width and outline.
Last autumn Rosa nitida had been there
set out, planted about three feet apart.
Bare ground for this year and next was
sure to spoil the look of things while these
roses were yet young, and a covering for it
was thus managed. Canterbury bell plants
were distributed in small groups among the
roses, especially toward the back of the
border, and English irises, Rossini and Mr.
Veen, were tucked in in longish colonies
before and among the campanulas. In
ordinary seasons these irises might not
have bloomed with the campanulas, but
this year it was Monte Cristo-like — the
flower and the hour! — with a resultant
superb effect of color. Mr. Veen, a true
violet iris, Rossini a purplish blue, were
good together to me who differ from Miss
Jekyll in possessing a penchant for blue
combined with purple or with lavender.

To compare a bloom of one of these irises
with a spray of the Dropmore anchusa is to
get an extremely vivid and interesting idea

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

of the effect of colors upon each other.
Taken alone, [ris xiphioides var. Mr. Veen is
a blue without verymuch purple in its tone;
beside the anchusa all the blue vanishes —
the iris is a distinct purple; place it beside
Rossini, it becomes blue again; and grow
masses of Rossini below the anchusa, es-
pecially the variety Opal, and there is one
of the most beautiful juxtapositions possible
in flowers—so far as I know an original
combination of color and one to charm an
artist, I believe. Anchusa of a year’s
standing might be best to use in this way,
a three foot anchusa. The two foot iris
would prove a good companion.

There follows soon after the gray and pink

149

see something more delicately beautiful
than often occurs in gardens. Ten packets
of the seed of my poppy have I sent to the
editor of THE GARDEN Macazine, as I
have a superabundance of the same; and if
ten people read these words and if per-
adventure there be ten gardeners with
vision to see through the veil of these
sentences the rose pink beauty of this
flower, let them ask for a bit of this seed,
for it is theirs for the asking!

The love of flowers brings surely with it
the love of all the green world. For love
of flowers every blooming square in cottage
gardens seen from the flying windows of the
train, has its true and touching message

Tulipa Vitellina, lemon yellow with Phlox divaricata var. Canadensis and Laphami

combination in my garden of which I spoke
a few paragraphs back, the combination of
pink Campanula Medium and Stachys
lanata, a time when one of the loveliest of
all double poppies lights up the little place
with color. For this poppy — an annual
—there is no registered name. It is
extremely double perhaps three feet in
height and of a delicious rosy-pink,
exactly the pink of the best mallows,
or of the enchanting half open rose
buds of the ever lovely rambler Lady
Gay. To see three or four of these poppies
in full bloom among the white mist of
gypsophila, either single or double, the
oat-green of the poppy leaves below, is to

for the traveller; every bush and tree in
nearer field and farther wood becomes an ob-
ject of delight and stirs delightful thought.
When I see a rhubarb plant in a small rural
garden I respect the man, or more generally
the woman, who placed it there. If my eye
lights upon the carefully tended peony held
up by a barrel hoop, the round group of an
old dicentra, the fine upstanding single
plant of iris, at once I experience the
warmest feeling of friendliness for that
householder, and wish to know and talk
with him or her about their flowers. For
at the bottom there is a bond which breaks
down every other difference between us.
We are ‘“‘Garden Souls.”

Making the Garden Snug for Winter—By Arthur I. Blessing.

PROTECTING ROSES, VINES AND BERRY PLANTS FROM WINTER
COLDS— DIGGING AND STORING TENDER ROOTS AND BULBS

THE gardener
could be sure of a
heavy fall of snow
early in Decem-
ber and that the
snow would remain
on the ground
throughout the
winter, he would
need to do little in
the way of protect-
ing his plants and
shrubs.

Nature is so

whimsical, how-

Burn uprubbishinanim- ever, that she
provised furnace of brick never can be

trusted to provide
this natural and most efficient blanket
and so artificial protection is given as a
wise precaution.

On the whole, though, it is not advisable
for the amateur to grow many tender
plants, which must be coddled and fussed
over. There are so many hardy kinds
that it is scarcely worth while. Of course
roses will be grown and many kinds (teas in
particular and most hybrid teas) need
some protection if growing in an exposed
place. Some people tie them up in paper,
but so treated, the plants are far from
ornamental during the winter season.

An excellent plan in very cold regions
is to cut off the long branches and then lay
the plants bodily on the ground, covering
them with straw or with several inches of
earth. Another way is to drive a stake
beside each plant to hold it upright and
then tie long straw about it, beginning at
the top, with the straw doubled over the
rose bush and held in place by a string tied
to it and the stake. Some people use Cogn

stalks, standing them around the plants*s

closely. A heavy overcoat is not needed,
for it is detrimental in stopping all circula-
tion of air around the plants.

Rhododendrons need protection in the
Northern states, which is best given in
the form of evergreen boughs set around
them. This plan is recommended, for it
does not give the garden the unsi htly
appearance which follows the use of boards.
Tender evergreen trees and various shrubs
are sometimes protected by a few boards
nailed together or by a box set over them,
The boards should be set on the southwest
side, as their mission is to shield the plants
from the rays of the sun, which might tempt
them into unseasonable growth.

Beds of perennials, lilies and pansies
need a mulch of straw, leaves, old manure
or other litter, but not too deep, or the
plants will be smothered. Leaves pack
down more firmly than straw and so should
not be used so freely.

The time to apply this mulch is after the

ground has frozen a little, and its purpose is
to keep the plants in cold storage all winter.
It is the alternate thawing and freezing
of the ground which causes harm when
plants are not protected. Damage may
also be caused by water settling around the
roots of newly set shrubs and plants, so that
it is well to have a little mound of earth
around them in the fall. Kept from this
danger and with a mulch three inches or
more deep, around the tender plants, all
the garden treasures will go through an
ordinary winter safely.

A mulch around even the hardy plants is
an advantage. Nature often supplies it
by causing the leaves to drift into the hardy
border, where they pile up in a thick mat.
It would be foolish to remove them.

A heavy coating of manure over the
lilies of the valley will be welcomed by them
and will feed them liberally in the spring
Peonies like this sort of attention, too.

The dahlia, canna and gladiolus bulbs
should be dug before hard frosts and stored
in a cool, dry place for the winter. The
cellar is used, as a rule, the bulbs of the
dahlias and cannas being buried in sand
on the floor or in a box. The best way of
storing gladiolus bulbs is to place them in
common paper bags, a dozen or more in a
bag, and hang them from the rafters. If
the small bulblets are separated from the
parent bulbs, several hundred of them may
be placed in a bag. Great care should be
observed not to bruise the bulbs, for they
are likely to rot at bruised spots.

Geraniums, tuberoses, begonias, prim-
roses and other plants may be brought into
the house to bloom, if taken up before they
are nipped by the cold. One often finds
seedlings of various plants in the borders,
very late in the season which may be taken
into the house and which will grow into
blooming plants in a few weeks.

“While the work of cleaning up the flower
garden is under way, it is a simple matter to
make cuttings of many of your shrubs and
there is no easier way of increasing your
stock. Let the cuttings be ten or twelve
inches along and bury them about half
their length and at a slight angle in a
nursery bed somewhere in a secluded spot;
but be sure that the bed is high enough-so
that water will not stand on it

For the rest, the work in the flower
garden will be mostly cutting down old
stalks, cleaning up the rubbish and making
all things tidy. It is well to burn the

rubbish, and a simple little garden furnace ~

is made by placing a number of bricks in
circular fashion as illustrated in the ac-
companying photograph. When the work
has been done, the bricks may be piled in
an out-of-the-way corner until needed agian.

Clean up the vegetable garden just as
thoroughly as the flower garden. Old vines

150

and stalks should be burned, for in this way
the number of insect pests is lessened to
some degree. All the leaves should be
saved, though, whether in the garden or
on the lawn. If they are not needed for
protection in the garden, or for a litter in
the poultry house or to bank the owner’s
residence, they may be thrown into a hole
in the ground and allowed to decay for
they will be valuable as a garden ferti-
lizer. It is not a good plan to rake the
leaves too closely from the lawn in the fall.
They will help protect and nourish the
grass roots.

It is not a bad plan to plow the ground
in the fall, especially if the garden is level,
leaving it in rough ridges. Many garden
pests will be exposed and will perish, if this
plan is followed. If the hens are allowed
the run of the garden at this time, they
wil. help to get rid of the bugs.

Rhubarb is a gross feeder and needs a
heavy coat of manure piled around it in the
fall. The asparagus bed should be cleaned
up and fertilized, also. Asparagus and
rhubarb roots for forcing may be dug before
the ground freezes hard. They should be
stored in a cool place and started in the
cellar,as wanted. If the cellar is warm and
a corner kept dark, excellent winter crops
may be grown.

Spinach, salsify and parsnip may be left

Ta Teak

Straw wrapped around slim, semi-tender plants will
keep them safe as a rule

NovEMBER, 1912

in the ground, and will give early results in
the spring if covered now with a litter of
straw, hay or coarse manure. The parsnip
is really improved by leaving it in the
ground until spring. No harm is done either
to parsnip or salsify if the ground freezes
but the protection spoken of will keep the
ground soft so that these vegetables may
be dug at any time in the course of the
winter that thereisno snow. A few plants
of parsley lifted and transferred to boxes
will give the housekeeper garnishing for
several months.

SMALL FRUITS AND BERRIES

Strawberries require a light covering of
hay, straw or something similar. Leaves
may be used, but pack down rather too
heavily. In the spring the straw may be
drawn into the walks between the rows and
will serve as a summer mulch, as well as
keeping the berries clean. The heaving
and thawing of an unprotected strawberry
bed is disastrous.

In parts of the country where extremely
cold weather prevails, protection for the
raspberry and possibly for the blackberry
bushes will be needed. The former are
easily laid on the ground and a little earth
thrown over them, but it is necessary to
loosen the soil with a garden fork around the
base of the blackberry plants. When lay-
ing down berry bushes it is well to have
one man wearing heavy gloves handle the
vines, while another man uses the spade.
The fall is a good time to trim the berry
bushes, although the work may be post-
poned until spring. Root cuttings may
be started, too. They should be two or
three inches long, and buried close together
in a corner of the garden where the water
does not stand, being covered with two
inches of soil, with a coat of manure on top.
Currants and grapes may be rooted in the
same way, but from the stems, making

Where forest leaves are available they may be
packed into loose frames around the plants

THE GARDEN

the cuttings eight to ten inches long. Cut-
tings started in this way and uncovered
the following April will give good plants
in most instances. A large forkful of
manure around each plant will help to
prevent its being thrown out of the
ground when sudden thaws follow freezing
weather.

Rabbits and mice often do damage to
young trees in the course of the winter.
Wrapping the trees with tarred paper is
one method of circumventing them. Paint-
ing the trees with tree borer paint will
aid in keeping rodents away and also
help to keep away tree borers in the
spring.

Many lilies do not arrive in this country
until November, and if the ground is
frozen when they are received, difficulty
will be found in planting them. It is a
good plan to throw a lot of manure over the
spot where they are to go, when the other
late garden work is being done. The
manure will keep the ground from freezing
until the lily bulbs come.

There are odd jobs which may be done

Protect young apple trees from mice and rabbits
by wrapping around with building paper

even after snow falls. The grape vines,
for example, may be pruned any time until
the approach of spring, but it is better to
do it before the weather gets cold. If left
until warm weather in the spring, the vines
will bleed badly. Trees may be trimmed,
too, and people who live in New England
should take particular care to cut off the
nests of the brown tail moth caterpillars,
which winter over in the trees and appear
in great numbers as soon as the leaves come
in the warm days of spring. If the trees or
shrubs have the San Jose scale upon them,
they should be thoroughly sprayed with
lime-sulphur wash or one of the miscible
oil preparations on the market and specially
prepared for the scale.

MAGAZINE

Corn stalks may be tied around newly planted
nursery stock to protect the trunk over winter

Culture of Pasque Flowers

ie IS a good rule to remember that all
flowers that bloom in March or April
should be planted in the autumn. The
anemones are among the most charming of
the early spring flowers.

The ideal way to grow them for pic-
torial effect is in stony woods. The rare
and costly kinds belong in the rock gar-
den. If you have neither, you should
provide partial shade and extra good
drainage, e. g. on a bank facing the south
where they will bloom earliest. Do not
put these early anemones in the flower
garden or hardy border. They look out
of place and are likely to be killed by the
hoe during their resting season. The
only ones which you can get cheaply by
the hundred are hepaticas, the rue anemone
and our native wood anemone. There-
fore these are the only ones suitable for
carpeting the ground beneath shrubs.

The way to get these plants to maxe
large clumps and flower better every year
is to plant them at the right time and
leave them alone — not divide them every
year. It is a mistake to collect hepaticas
in spring as many do. To get the best
results wait until August or early Septem-
ber when all these precocious plants have
ripened their new growth after blooming
and have had a chance to multiply. The
pasque flowers seed freely and_ the
best way to make up a stock is from
seed.

Readers who would refresh their mem-
ories on the more intimate facts about the
pasque flowers and other anemones may
refer to the series of articles by Wilhelm
Miller during last year; rg11, as follows:
February, p. 15; June, p. 204; July, p.
354; and October, p. 110. The pasque
flowers, proper (Pulsatilla), were given
special attention in the first article.

The Spirit of the Garden—By Ida M. H. Starr

Mary-

CHAPTER II — PERSONALITIES OF THE EVERGREENS AND GRACE 0” GOD

A story in three chapters which shows us something of the intangible yet very real side of the love of a garden and which is quite apart from the excitement of large

yields or strange combinations.

Wee you enjoy your cigar we'll sit
here on Uncle Isaac’s bench. This
is our little nursery, the school where our
trees learn their first lessons. You see we
had such a mortality among the young
trees we brought from outside and tried
to grow here that we decided to start a few
thousand seedlings, so young that they had
learned no bad tricks. Now they do not
even remember that they came from Colo-
rado, or Norway, or Wisconsin, as babies.
They are just children, yes, really children
in their ways. Doesn’t that row of Irish
junipers remind you of a lot of boys in a
military academy, strutting around in the
first pride of their brass buttons?”

“Fine little fellows, though; were they
hard to bring up?”

“Not in here apparently, though we had
great trouble with older ones.

“But these came to us so young they
were not conscious of the real mother loss
of their native soil and they have been
perfectly happy here.”

“The hard work for you now will be to
break up the family and start them in their
new homes. From their size I’d say they
surely ought to go out alone into their big
world this year.”

“Indeed they must go. Those Spanish
chestnuts over by the flock of turkeys have
stood out here like little heroes in all the
gales and the ice storms. They do just
what we tell them to do, sturdy little chaps!

It is indeed the reflection of the subtle enjoyment of the outdoors.

Something warm rises up in my heart when
I come down here. You know it’s the way
you feel when you see a troop of children
marching up the street waving flags. You
know how that is.”

“In a way I do, now that you speak of
it, but one doesn’t have that feeling often,
for city children, like city trees, don’t think
much about waving anything.”

Then we walked down under the droop-
ing branches of the old Osage oranges,
which had long since rebelled at remaining
a hedge and had pushed up into great
trees, to where the four-year-old honey
locusts were stretching out their thorny
arms, as much as three times the height of
this wondering World-Man.

““Now see how these honey locusts are
learning their lesson. They are bristling
with pride over the fact that they’re ahead,
even though they were set out at the same
time as the elms and the maples, the horse
chestnuts and the Spanish chestnuts. And
now — why, they’re trees with blossoms!”

“Ves, trees, of course, they were trees
from the beginning.”

“T know, but I mean now they’re wide
enough and high enough to make a shade.
Now they’re real trees, not babies. See
those fine Norway spruces?”

“They look all bone and muscle, with the
dignity of the Norseland, like Norwegian
lads I used to know up north.”

“They are for all the world like Norwe-

Get small seedling evergreens and give them decent care and in a few years you will have quite sizable
trees to plant out

152

The first chapter appeared in the September issue.

gians. They never give up. They keep on
day after day quietly doing what they have
to do next, and are ready for summer or
winter, calm or wind.”

“Quiet? That is a rather strangely ani-
mate word to use with trees, which are
merely big insensate vegetables after all.”

“Not, World-Man, if you live with the
trees as I do with these. Some seem noisy
and chattering and restless and bothersome,
and speak in high, sharp, vibrant tones
that rasp your ears; others have deep restful
beautiful voices. They’re all different;
they’re individuals. Why, there’s as much
for those who hearin the ,voice of a tree as
there is in the voice of a woman; quite as
much. Now listen, I see a wind coming
across the bay.”

“Well, I am quite willing to believe you,
my dear Chatelaine, but when you say you
see the wind ——” ;

“Oh, it’s not the actual wind I see, it’s
everything it does. Don’t you see the
ruffling of the water out there and the
quivering, uplifting and change of color?
Now look, the Lombardy poplars on the
Mount quiver, bend, sway. Watch the
tulip tree, the tip-top branches move, wait
— just a breath more and it will be right
over here. Yes, here it comes. Put your
ear close to this sapling, don’t be afraid to
kneel down. Now, don’t you hear? The
wind blusters ‘Here lam. Out of my way
— move, move, I say, bend over!’ And the
sturdy little spruce braces itself with all its
roots and says ‘I’ve been put here to grow—
to grow and to live! That’s what I’m
doing, growing, growing, and I’m going to
stay. I’m growing into a big tree!’

“Down by the edge of the Point Field
there’s a colony of these spruces, in a class
just ahead of this one, only six or seven
years old, who never give up, no matter
what the gale. Often in the winter I can
hear them, out there on the water’s edge,
hissing back defiance at the north wind —
‘Hit me if you dare! Try it, try it! See
what you'll get!’ It’s like boys in a snow-
ball fight.”

“Those long-leafed, heavy clumps near
the junipers are splendid. Some kind of a
pine, I presume.”

“Ves, Austrian pine, with Scotch pine
beyond, but most beautiful of all, our own
white pine. I really would like some help
on these trees myself. I never know which
is which. People come down here and they
expect me to know all about trees; of
course I don’t at all. I never say tree
when the Master of Hope is within hearing.
Well, people come chattering along down
here and say — ‘What’s this? And that.
Why they’re the same things — no they’re
not, what are they?’ I mostly guess, for

NovemBeER, 1912

I’m never sure. It really doesn’t matter
to them much what I say, for not many love
trees enough to care, but it matters a lot
to me.”

“Well, I’ve had the same trouble. I
used to put myself through a mental ex-
amination every time I saw either Aus-
trian or Scotch pine, until I thought out a
definition that helped me. I say if its
leaves are sombre and thick and rather
long, twist stiffly, and grow two in a sheath,
that it is Austrian; but if it’s just about
the same, only more cheerful looking and
not quite so stiff and bristling, then it’s
the Scotch pine.

“What a good thing to remember.
write that down in my garden book.”

“You say they are only three years old,
but some of them are three times as tall as
others.”

“JT know it, and isn’t that strangely
human? You put out two of three little
fellows, or a dozen or a thousand, of a
certain species, and each tree, although
true to its kind, has its own little way of
doing things. All different, all belonging
to the same family, and yet each in itself
a distinct personality. One may give them
the same blue sky-roof to cover them, the
same rain to drink, the same sun to make
their blood circulate, the same blankets of
snow while they sleep in the winter, the
same food from the Mother Earth to
quicken their souls, and yet each tree grows
in its own way, with it’s own little crochets,
with its own mannerisms. Side by side
one is strong, courageous and full of fight;
its bedfellow will be weak, timid and
cowardly. One overrides all difficulties;
the other is a prey to every contagious
disease and every prowling insect.”

“Tf trees could have whooping cough I
suppose there would always be some weak-
ling whooping it up somewhere close to its
lordly brother who never caught things.
Trees are like the rest of us; some of them
will be enthusiasts and egoists, always at
the top, growing faster and broader than
their mates, getting the best of all things.
They’re the fittest to survive.”

“And their poor little mates, with the
same chances in the world, overpowered
by their lordly brothers peg along humbly,
even quite piteously.

“Some of these spruces and firs, and
even pines are forever tying their shoe
strings. At least I always think of a child
lagging behind tying its shoe string when
one of these cone-bearers loses its terminal
bud and we tie up a lateral branch to take
its place. It lags behind a good bit before
it gets a new start upward, and meantime
the lucky trees are pushing on ahead.”

“All are merciless to their own kind;
my idea has always been that growing
things are more so than human beings.
However generously they may give their
shade and fragrance to us mortals, to each
other they show no pity, each tree for itself,
elbowing and pushing against any that is
trying to get a sight of the sun. On gen-
eral principles they may love to be with

Tl

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

their own folks, but they show no mercy,
no more than does Nature when her time
has come to do some heroic pruning.”

““We know only too well here what that
heroic pruning means. Oh, the ghastly
wrecks we have cleared away! That is
one of the sorrows in having aged trees
about one’s home. One can put more heart
in these young things, without so much
fear of loss. These European larches are
good obedient children. You know they
are used for reforestation, especially in
Northern Europe.”

“Hardy and adaptable and grow rather
rapidly, I presume?”’

“Yes, I love to run my fingers along the
branches and touch their soft deciduous
leaves. These trees were so tiny two years
ago that the tree planter begged a space
in my garden, for he knew nothing would
go wrong with them there. They stayed
there a year, then last fall they were pro-
moted and thrown more on their resources,
and look at them now.”’

“T see. It’s fairly discouraging to look
at them. Heavens, does everything grow
like this at Hope? Don’t things ever
die?”

“Die? Yes, whole families die, tribes
are wiped out, races obliterated. Thou-
sands of trees have died. Do you see those
gaps down there? They were mostly cone-
bearing trees from the Pacific Coast and
from the Rocky Mountain region. We are
filing them in now. Those gaps are
Nature’s tragic method of making us under-
stand.”

“Trees too young and delicate, perhaps?”

“No, not entirely that. It is seldom the
fault of the tree. If they are given the
ghost of a chance they usually live, some-

Could anything be more satisfying than these

‘brotherhoods of cedars? °’

153

times we can’t give them even that, more’s
the pity. Those gaps come more from the
unthinking hands at the end of the hoe
than from any other cause. Many of the
trees are only three or four inches high when
a year old, and it’s difficult to train our
black men not to grub out the trees when
they’re after weeds and grass; and then,
too, we have had bad droughts for two
summers.”

“Ah! that explains. Natives of the cool
mountains hate drouths and hot sun.”

“Come down here between the rows of
Scotch and white pines; there are some
bald cypresses that are having a great time
showing off at the far end of the nursery. Of
course one always thinks of trees as one
does of George Washington or William
Penn, standing for truth and honesty and
all that; and as I’ve watched these trees
of ours grow, most of them have stood from
infancy for exactly what they will doubtless
stand for in old age. These honey locusts
start out with thorns and they end with
thorns, except a few ‘‘sports” that have
grown up thornless; these baby box trees
start with a wee, chubby, stout little body
and they go right on, always with the same
stout body. So with the pines and hem-
locks, and the fir trees and junipers and
spruces, and the ashes and oaks and lindens
and birches.”

““As you say, most trees carry the same
characteristics right along to the end, but
the bald cypress is certainly different. I’ve
seen them down in the swamps of Louisiana.
Don’t think Dve ever examined a young
cypress. They were there I suppose, but I
was only interested in the big ones?”

“‘Aren’t they the weirdest looking trees
when they are grown? What in all the

Plant out small sizes and

watch them grow

154

world do they have those queer buttresses
for?”’

“No one could say exactly only that it’s
more or less a characteristic of all trees in
swampy land. If a tree finds he has to
sway back and forth he will throw out an
anchor to steady himself — even elms and
maples do that.”

“But the buttresses of the cypress are
hollow, aren’t they?”

“Ves, some think it’s to give the tree
air. I don’t know.”

“All of our cypresses are growing. We’ve
not lost one. And aren’t they little beau-
ties, with their soft saffron plumes, for
autumn has tinted the dainty needles.”’

“Ves, and this is another cone-bearing
tree that sheds its leaves like the Larch.
Deciduous cone-bearers always seem an
anomaly to me.”

“Feel of the trunk — the wee bit thing,
oh, how lusciously tinted in browns, and
reds, and olives. See, it’s quite proper and
smooth and slim, with no suggestion of the
strength and size and weird beauty it is
some day to have.”

“Where are they going.
garden?”

“No, no. I'll have no more trees in my
garden. There are two pecan trees there
that have persistently out-lived all mishaps,
and they are on the very border of the
garden. We thought so much of the pecans
— for they are choice grafted pecans from
Georgia — and had such misfortunes with
most of the others that we planted out in
the fields, that we put these two near the
strawberry bed just for a season, to give
them a start, and every fall since then I
have said to the Master of the House —
‘Now we just must move those trees, for
if we don’t in a few years I’ll have to give
up my strawberries.’ Then we’d go to-

Into your

The Scotch pine is a cheery looking tree, not so
stiff nor so bristly as the Austrian. Grows a foot
or more a year!

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

gether to look at the trees, and we’d stand
quite still, and we’d not say anything, for
we'd be thinking of that long slender tap
root that reached down so far in the dark,
and how if we broke it another pecan tree
would be lost, and then — well, everything
about the trees made silent protest and
they are still over there. This year there
were twelve great fine pecans on one of
them — an earnest of its good intentions.
Of course that settled it; the strawberry
patch must be moved — great white French
strawberries at that.”

“Have a care, dear Lady, there’s a hole.”’

It was quite a sizable hole; World-Man
circled around it and walked leisurely on.
But I stood there looking at the hole. He
turned and seeing me thus absorbed came
back.

“What is it?”

“Nothing but a hole, that’s all; ought to
have been filled up long ago.”’

“Looks as if something had been in there
once. Another tragedy?”

“Not tragedy exactly—TId call it,
rather — hallucination. I suppose I can
tell you, World-Man, for you confided in
me about the farm. It’s been one of my
dreams. The Master of the House is the
only one who knows how this hole hurts.
But it’s not going to hurt longer — no in-
deed. I'll make that tree grow yet.”

“T don’t see any tree.”

““No, but there was one there — there
have been several. Each year since com-
ing down here to Hope I’ve tried it, each
year it has gone the way of the others. It
was a deodar —a deodar cedar; I’ve had
dreams about the deodar, just as Tartarin
had of his little Baobab tree. I could see
it reaching away up into the blue sky, tree
of the Himalayan snows, to be planted near
a Cedar of Lebanon — two Orientals —
under which I and mine and all the others
who follow might sit and gather that wis-
dom long ago given to the wise men who
lived with the great cedars of the East.
And I thought I should build a little shrine
under the branches and in the shrine there
should be a book of wisdom, from the Far
East, for any one to read in the silence when
the wind played on the many stringed harps
hymns of holy Lebanon, or minor chords
of the far-off Himalayas. If I could only
look from my window and see them out
there growing, I have so often thought I
would be content. But, alas, they have
never lived. We’ve planted them three
times and each time they have died, though
they were brought from this latitude and
climate. I believe it would be better to
build the shrine first — perhaps I began
wrong end to! I think Tartarin was quite
right to plant the Baobab tree in a flower
pot. That’s what I shall do with my dear
cedars of the Orient, and I’ll keep the pots in
my window; perhaps after the shrine out
there is waiting they may stay here with us.
But after all, Orientals are strange folk
and scarcely understandable.”

“T’ll think up a toast for dinner to-night
to the health of the next deodar. I wouldn’t
know it any more than I do the Baobab

NOVEMBER, 1912

The native white pine as it gets older develops a
stratified form of growth recalling the Cedar of
Lebanon.

tree, but if it brings wisdom I’d like one
too for my farm. What more. worlds are
you longing to conquer? Haven’t you any
nice, everyday, common trees? I want a
piece of bread and butter. These deodars
and Chamecyparis Lawsoniana would never
agree with my digestion.”

“Don’t you know those trees lined up
against the fence?”’

“Junipers? I'll make a wild guess; called
red cedars down here, perhaps?”

“You guessed right, only that’s not my
name forthem. I call them Grace O’God.”’

“Grace O’God?”

“Ves, oh, how they grow! Why, see
they are much taller than I am, and how
they bend and sing to themselves. Come
closer, now listen. Don’t you hear that
song? Oh! I knew it. I knew the song
was there and everyone laughed when I
told Copper to take up all those wee things
under the tulip tree. I said, ‘Copper, it’s
just the Grace O’God that gives us those
trees. He has blown those seeds there in
His great gales, or perhaps the birds in
flight have winged them to the grass under
the tulip tree and they have hugged the
earth with their wee arms and the earth
has made them warm and has fed them,
and now they are living, breathing wind
harps. We'll keep them all, Copper, all
wecan.’ Why, some of them were only
three inches high, only such a little while
ago, and now, why, they’re trees — trees
to rest the eye with their soft colors, to cast
long narrow shadows when the sun burns
hot, to sing that music which only the
soul can hear.”

“And you and old Isaac Copper did all
this?”

“Oh no—we did so little. You can’t
dream how little we did —we just took
them up and planted them out in the sun-
light. And the rest — why, that was just
the Grace o’ God.”

The Best Evergreen Vine for America —By Wilhelm Miller, %%

THE ‘“‘ EVERGREEN

BITTERSWEET ,’’ OR CLIMBING EUONYMUS, WHICH IS HARDIER

THAN ENGLISH IVY AND HAS RED FRUITS THAT ARE ATTRACTIVE ALL WINTER

S IVY the best vine in the world? Doubt-
less every Englishman will cry “Yes!”
because the European or English ivy
(Hedera Helix) is the oldest evergreen vine
in cultivation and has made the deepest
impression in literature, art and history.
But if your standard is merit, not asso-
ciations, there is another vine which seems
to me inherently better, viz., the climbing
euonymus or, as I now propose to call it
the ‘evergreen bittersweet.” True, the
form of its leaf is not unique, like that of
ivy, but it has one overwhelming advant-
age in its gorgeous red berries which are
resplendent all winter against a noble
background of evergreen foliage. And in
many other ways it has greater value than
ivy, even in regions where the ivy is hardy.
The accompanying pictures give but a
faint hint of the five-fold glories of the
evergreen bittersweet. In the first place,
it is evergreen, and
therefore has an ob-
vious advantage over
deciduous vines in
being beautiful 365
days of the year, in-
stead of two weeks or
seven months.
Secondly, it is very
accommodating as to
soils, climate, expos-
ures; is easy to grow;
and will trail over the
ground or climb to
the noble height of
thirty feet, e. g., at
Westbury, N. Y.
Thirdly, it has an
immense advantage
over ivy, in being
much hardier, grow-
ing twenty feet high
in New England
where ivy can be
grown only as a
ground-cover.
Fourthly, its sup-
erb red fruits, which

If I had a million dollars to spare I should
like to plant an evergreen bittersweet
against every stone, brick, and concrete
wall in America. The effect would be elec-
trical, for it would add too per cent. to the
beauty of America. And it would only be
anticipating by too years what will surely
happen, for it is hardly possible that the
world holds any plant with greater power
to transform a house into a home. As in
England every home and every church is
enriched, dignified and ennobled by ivy,
so every American home will come to be
connected so closely with the evergreen
bittersweet that it will be impossible to
think of one without the other.

“But what about San José scale!” you
exclaim, thinking you have pierced my
aeroplane in a fatal spot. Ah, dear friend,
you must be thinking of the variegated
sorts — the white-margined, rosy-margined

closely resemble those
of our common wild
bittersweet, seem di-
vinely appointed to redeem our American
winters from their bleak, ugly, and cheer-
less moods.

And fifthly, it promises to develop a
strong American character, becoming as
universal and as dear to the American heart
asivyisinEurope. _

For, although it is a foreign plant, it
comes from the closely allied climate of
Japan, and it likes our conditions so well
that it has already started to run wild in
America, sowing its own seeds and making
great pictures of immortal beauty, as at
Swan Point Cemetery, Providence, R. I.

The best form of the evergreen bittersweet —the variety vegetus.
winter sunshine.

Photographed on Long Island

and netted, which, in my humble opinion,
are not worth the powder to blow them up.
True the nurseryman may force them upon
you, unless you are careful to specify
the green-leaved forms, on the principle
that a variegated plant makes a bigger show
for the money by reason of its unnatural
color. Unfortunately for his theory, most
variegated plants have a weak constitution
and tend to look sickly. These variegated

varieties of euonymus, which you see in

every rich man’s garden, can sometimes be
coaxed to attain a height of ten feet, but
not to bear fruit, and they are puny and

155

So hardy that it can withstand

futile compared with the magnificent,
lusty hardihood of the green-leaved varie-
ties. On the whole it is a blessing that the
scale loves to devour these artificial, gaudy,
and commonplace weaklings.

The plant I sing is abundantly able to
take care of itself, thank you. The plain
Euonymus radicans is better than any
variegated variety, because it bears fruit
and is hardier. Like every good plant,
however, it has limitations. The vine
often produces variegated branches, and it
is something of a bore to cut these out.

Again, it does not make a smooth ground
cover, for it has a way of humping up at
intervals whenever it takes a notion to
climb, and though you may cut back these
hummocks they spoil the uniformity of
surface, as I observed at Gen. S. M. Weld’s
place at Dedham, Mass., where this creeper
was used to cover the ground in rhodo-
dendron beds. As a
climber it has another
mean trick, for it
stands up stiffly when
it reaches the top of a
wall instead of arch-
ing over or hanging
gracefully. This is
ratherembarrassing in
a formal garden, ¢. g.,
the rose garden at
Blairsden, for if you
behead the thing it
sprouts hydra-like
and is too suggestive
of a convict’s head or
four-days’ beard. On
the other hand, the
ordinary E. radicans
is cheaper than any of
its improved varieties
and is perhaps the
best for wild garden-
ing. Whether it self-
sows or is distributed
by birds I do not
know, but a good
stock can be worked
up rather quickly at
home because it takes
root freely when lay-
ered. And I am ae to say that this
noble vine is beginning to naturalize itself
in America for it has ‘already run wild in
some woods.

The first notable improvement, it is said,
was the variety Carrieri, which is commonly
described as having larger and therefore
showier leaves, and larger berries, but these
are perhaps not so abundant as in the wild
form. And now comes a surprising thing,
for some cultivators claim that this variety
is nothing more than the fruiting branches
of Euonymus radicans, which have been
propagated by cuttings!

156

It is a fact that the climbing euonymus
produces two distinct kinds of leaves. At
first it hugs a wall close and makes small
leaves, but when it grows as high as it can
or is checked in some way, e. g., by a dimin-
ished supply of food, it turns its attention
to fruiting, and then it sends out horizontal
branches clothed with large leaves. Some-
times these fruiting branches stand out a
distance of four feet, e. g., on a locust tree
at Westbury, N. Y. This phenomenon is
not unique. ‘There is a tender vine, Ficus
repens, which is commonly used for cloth-
ing greenhouse walls, that produces two
kinds of branches and leaves. English
ivy clings close and bears five-fingered
leaves until it gets old, when it produces
long branches and heart-shaped leaves.
These branches can be used as cuttings and
will produce only the heart-shaped leaves
(so long as it is not allowed to climb).
So too with euonymus. If you ever find a
euonymus that bears more or bigger berries,
or fruits of a different color, like yellow,
you can and ought to propagate it by cut-
tings and let the world have it to enjoy.

The very finest variety of the climbing
bittersweet that I have seen is the round-
leaved form known as Exonymus radicans,
var. vegetus. Some claim that it is only a
fruiting form and that if you plant the
common £. radicans, it will eventually
produce branches like vegetus. But it is
certainly distinct from Carrieri, for the
latter has elliptical leaves, and vegetus is
said to produce heavy crops of showy ber-
ties even on small plants —a most desir-
able trait. The round-leaved variety may
cost thrice as much as the common, e. g.,
$3.50 per dozen for plants two feet high,
but I should gladly pay the difference be-
cause the leaves are enough larger, shinier,
and more attractive. They are thick,
leathery, and about an inch long, or twice
the size of the ordinary. A Long Island
nurseryman says that this plant must be

Just

Fruiting branches of climbing euonymus.
imagine evergreen leaves an inch long and berries
the size of bittersweet or holly.

THE GARDEN

The shrubby evergreen euonymus (EF. Japonicus)
is not hardy North. The bursting orange capsules
show the scarlet berry within.

propagated from cuttings because seeds pro-
duce the common or wild type. This variety,
so far as I have observed, is free from the
annoying tendency to produce variegated
branches. It was introduced to cultivation
by the Arnold Arboretum, being sent more
than thirty years ago by Colonel Clark, the
first president of the Massachusetts Agri-
cultural College and first president of the
Agricultural College of Sapporo in Japan.

The culture of climbing euonymus is
very simple. It ought to be planted in
the spring, like other broad-leaved ever-
greens. It should not be planted on frame
buildings, because it sends out roots from
the stem, like English ivy and trumpet
creeper, and is therefore a wood destroyer.
It is supposed to thrive best on northern
and western exposures, for broad-leaved
evergreens need to be protected in winter
from winds and sunshine when the ground
is frozen. But some claim it will thrive
in sun as well as shade, in damp soil or dry
and that the foliage does not turn brown in
windy situations. I have never had any re-
ports on its behavior in the South and
California, where other evergreen plants
with red berries can be grown, e. g., Eng-
lish and American holly, fire thorn, pepper
tree, Aucuba, Skimmia and tollon (Heter-
omeles arbutifolia.

Where the most artistic effects with
euonymus may be seen I do not know and
if the reader knows of any it is greatly to
be desired that he will secure and send
good photographs. The greatest masses
of old plants, probably, are those at Swan
Point Cemetery, Providence, R. I. The
fruit of euonymus is much like that of
bittersweet — consisting of a capsule which
opens and discloses a scarlet berry technic-
ally known as an aril. Both belong to the
bittersweet family, or Celastraceae, and
that is why I propose the name “evergreen
bittersweet’ instead of climbing euonymus,
which is hard to pronounce, spell, and re-
member. And this suggests a new way of

MAGAZINE

November, 1912

overcoming the old complaint that climb-
ing euonymus is a “slow grower.” The
bittersweet (Celastrus scandens), is quick
enough. Why not alternate bittersweet and
round-leaved euonymus when you want red
berries in a hurry, and cut out the decidu-
ous vine when you have no further use for it?

Has the euonymus great possibilities for
improvement? It should, if it is to become
our national vine, and by analogy, the
prospects are good. For English holly
and English ivy have each produced about
seventy-five varieties, differing in the
size, shape, color, and markings of the
leaf, and even in the color of the fruit.
And still closer is the comparison with
Euonymus Japonicus, which is the only
other evergreen species, differing chiefly
in being a shrub instead of a vine, and in
being more tender, as it comes from the
south of Japan, while E. radicans is native
to the northern part of that country. This
E. Japonicus is often seen in our Southern
states, where it almost rivals the Aucuba in
its fecundity of variegated forms — mar-
gined or blotched with yellow, white, etc.
Such varieties are always highly prized by
beginners, but in my opinion are of little
or no real value compared with the hardier,
green forms. Itis far more important that
plant breeders should try to produce varie-
ties that will grow quickly, come into bearing
early, stand exposure to every point of the
compass, hang gracefully when they reach
the top of a wall, resist the San José scale,
make a uniform ground cover, and be free
from variegated branches. And is it too
much to hope for an evergreen vine that will
grow to the top of three-story buildings in
the latitude of Boston? Some of these
desiderata may never be attained by the
plant breeder; others may have been at-
tained already through the ingenuity of
cultivators. For example, one nurseryman
declares that his whole stock of E. radicans
is free from variegated branches because it
has been grown from seed — not cuttings.

Climbing euonymus on a brick wall, showing one

of the variegated branches. The variety vegetus is
free from this, and fruits several years earlier.

Buildings in the Home Grounds
II. THE GaraGE— By Phil M. Riley

Ape newcomer in garden adjuncts is the
garage. It is a thing to be reckoned
with and as the demand for the automobile
becomes greater, suburban dwellers will
have to count more surely upon the intru-
sion of the garage in the scheme of the
home surroundings. It can be made and
must be, in fact, a real feature of the garden
plan. Because it is a newcomer, it is likely
to be a victim of the unfortunate tendency
to cast aside good old building precedents
and become inconsistent.

Visible from the street, garden, or grounds
—and sometimes from all three — the
garages about us are occasionally harmoni-
ous features, more often abominations, and
very frequently not worthy of the splendid
machines they shelter. The trouble is
that the home as a whole has not been
treated as a picture in which no disturbing
element should obtrude. The garage is
not a “necessary evil’? as so many of us
seem to think. It may well be welcomed
as a justification of the pergola, the vine-
clad arbor and the bordered garden path
and drive, all garden motives lending great
charm to the home grounds, yet needing a
destination of importance.

Like any other outbuilding the garage
that lives in accord with its neighbors re-
flects the spirit of the house, suggesting its
style in some simple characteristic way.
There can easily be a similarity in the
design of windows, doors and exterior trim,
while similar roof and wall materials are
even greater harmonizers.

In this latter respect most outbuildings
can follow absolutely, but the danger of
fire makes it desirable not only to build a
garage detached from both house and
stable but also one of fireproof construc-
tion.

The prevailing rates charged for insur-
ing garages and automobiles emphasize the
fire hazard of this sort of risk. On private
garages containing not more then three cars
the rates per $100 in most localities are 25
cents higher for one year or 623 cents

SESS

Harmony in the style of architecture of house and garage greatly simplifies the problem of the

higher for three years than on private
stables of similar construction. On the
contents the rates are considerably higher.
Of course, the inexpensive underground
storage tanks for gasolene eliminate
the most serious fire cause, but the cars
themselves sometimes take fire from electric
sparks, short circuits and carelessness re-
garding gasolene or acetylene leaks. It
is bad enough to have a car burn without
losing the garage, but it is certainly worse
to have the fire that burns your neighbor’s
house spread to your garage and devour
your car. With a fireproof garage a fire
outside does not get in and a fire inside
does not get out nor destroy the garage,
all of which is a tremendous comfort well
worth the extra cost. Nor can the 20 to
30 per cent. increase on the total cost of a
small garage be great. It is certainly false
economy to let a difference of $100 or so
stand in the way when the safety of a car
costing at least $700 is involved. For a
horse and carriage costing less than that a
roomy, substantial structure is usually
provided. Is there any tangible reason
why as much should not be spent in housing
an automobile safely if not commodiously?
If your house happens to be of brick or
concrete, stucco or stone, with a permanent
roof covering, your course is obvious; use
the same materials for the garage. If not,
the materials used for the foundation, when
at all conspicuous, take first place, and
when stone is present on the site it also
may be used with propriety. Many of our
best houses utilize Colonial and Georgian
motives and both have always been so
intimately associated with brick and plaster
that rightly designed outbuildings of stucco,
concrete and brick will never seem out of
place near wooden Colonial houses. Stucco,
of course, is to be used over hollow tile,
and this construction, brick, or solid con-
crete is the best to adopt, all three being
commonly used. Brick is cheapest, making
the building cost 7 to 10 per cent. more than
wood frame. Stucco over hollow tile costs

located as one mass

157

garden picture.

about 123 per cent. more than frame, and
solid concrete about 20 per cent. more. Of
the fireproof, permanent roof coverings,
asbestos shingles cost about $15 a square
(zoo sq. ft.), slate $12 to $18 a square, and
tile $20 to $25 a square.

Whatever the materials used, give char-
acter to the design. There are plenty of
ways to do this for little if any additional
cost, such as relating it definitely to the
house by reflection of a few of its dominant
architectural motives in mass and detail
greatly simplified. The outbuilding should
always be more modest than the house.
Too often the garage is a mere box-like
shelter serving only to protect the car from
the weather, or else on so elaborate a scale
in an attempt for picturesque effect as to
outshine the house. No adequate reason
exists for creating ugliness when consistent,
intelligent use of simple materials can pro-
duce such charming results. Frequently
a garage is to be built on the grounds of an
old house, but this is no justification to
adopt an inappropriate modern style which
happens to be the vogue. No appearance
of newness is desirable; the aim should be
to have the newer structure breathe the
spirit of the old.

And now for the utilitarian, for the gar-
age must fulfill its mission. Build large
enough for both good looks and conven-
ience. You need plenty of room to walk
all around your car, and for a work bench,
storage closet, drawer space and a sink
with running water. If you don’t build
quite a bit longer than your car, you'll drive
through the back wall some day and do a
lot of damage. I drive a car and I know.
As for the looks, keep the structure long and
low, avoid the cubical and by selection of
site or by planting, perhaps a little of both,
make it possible to see only attractive
aspects. Every side of a small outbuilding
cannot be attractive; screen the less de-
sirable sides from view, or place trees or
shrubs so that only a glimpse of the build-
ing is seen through them. Often that

The whole building group can be :

158

glimpse is attractive when the whole struc-
ture seen from the same spot would be ugly.

Floor plan and interior arrangement must
meet individual requirements, but there is
little fear that too much room will be
allowed to get around the car for cleaning
and adjustment, or that there will be too
much light, either natural or artificial.
Windows of good size are necessary on both
sides of the car, and sashes in the doors are
desirable. When the site permits, it is a
good idea to have doors in each end. This
permits driving in one way and out the
other, avoiding backing out, turning out-
side, or a turn table, although the latter
when the garage is large enough, has other
advantages. It permits the car to be so
turned as to bring the best light from a
window on any part needing attention, and
also serves as a washing platform, a gutter
being provided under its edge to carry away
the water.

Make sure that the entrance is big enough
to get the car through without scraping the
running board or crushing the top. Slid-
ing doors in two sections are best, half sliding
each side. Hinged doors should swing out-
ward. With this latter arrangement and a
concrete floor sloping slightly toward the en-
trance the car is easily pushed out without
power in case of fire, while ordinarily the
brake holds it. The drain for carrying off
wash water is then located just inside the
door, instead of at its usual position in the
centre of the building toward which the
whole floor slopes. A revolving arm on the
ceiling providing a water connection for hose
at one end and an electric light at the other
makes washing the car an easy matter. Of
course it goes without saying that electric
light is the only safe illuminant fora garage.

The interior conveniences are best ranged
along one or both sides of the building and
should include plenty of space for storage
of supplies, tools and stationary equipment.
For repairs, a well lighted bench with a vise
should not be forgotten. Maple makes a

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

good bench, and under it may well be
located drawers for tools and spare parts.
Do not omit to provide a large cupboard
with broad shelves and hooks to protect
clothing, robes and many other things from
dust. Space will also be required for the
pump which brings gasolene into the build-
ing from the underground tank outside,
and to set up a barrel of oil on a rack high
enough to allow a measure to stand beneath
the faucet. The underground tank systems
are not expensive, a sixty-gallon outfit can
be had for $23 and the price increases ac-
cording to capacity and type. Extra tire
casings are best hung on long hooks at-
tached to the wall.

Whatever the wall construction, the
foundation and floor are practically the
same. For molded or reinforced concrete,
excavate a trench to a depth below frost
line six inches wider than the proposed wall,
say fourteen inches. Fill this to within eight
inches of the ground level with concrete
consisting of one part portland cement,
three parts clean coarse sand and six parts
broken stone or gravel. When sufficiently
hard, the forms may be built for the pro-
posed eight-inch walls consisting of one
part portland cement, two parts clean
coarse sand and four parts broken stone
or gravel. A stable fork will probably have
to be used to work the large pieces of
aggregate away from the surface, letting
the mortar and fine material through so as
to make a dense, smooth surface. The
forms may be taken away in forty-eight
hours in warm weather, but a longer time
is needed when it is cool. Like stucco, con-
crete should be sheltered from the sun in
warm weather and continually wet down to
prevent too rapid drying. You cannot give
concrete too much water after it has set.

For terra cotta tile or brick construction
only a footing carried below frost line is
necessary. Eight or ten inches is deep
enough and it should be three inches wider
each side than the proposed wall. The

The pergola can be most appropriately introduced in associating the garage and the garden.

Plant it

with flowering vines

NOVEMBER, 191?

Sometimes a gardenesque style of embellishment
is best adapted to an isolated building

concrete floor is built on a foundation of
cinders or screened gravel six to twelve
inches deep according to the climate and
character of the soil. Porous soil and a
mild climate needs little foundation, but
clayey soil demands blind drains of coarse
gravel or tile pipe from the lowest points
in the excavation to carry off any water that
might accumulate in the porous foundation.
Floors sometimes heave out of position
because of water freezing under them. Fill
over the foundation to a depth of three
inches with the concrete consisting of one
part portland cement, two parts clean
coarse sand and four parts broken stone or
screened gravel. Tamp until the water
begins to show.

The finish coat should be one inch thick,
consisting of one part portland cement and
one and a half parts clean coarse sand or
crushed stone screenings. Spread this be-
fore the concrete has set, making sure of
a good bond between the finish coat and
base. Smooth with a wooden float and
do not trowel too much until it has begun to
stiffen, thus avoiding separation of cement
and sand with consequent hair cracks and
poor wearing surface. Keep the finished
floor protected from dirt, air currents and
sun until hard and from use for three or
four days, sprinkling frequently to keep it
moist, so that the setting will not be rapid
enough to cause cracks.

And when the building is completed,
don’t forget the planting. An outbuilding
more than the house itself needs this to
clothe its nakedness and draw it into the gar-
den scheme. Let the vines of the pergola or
arbor approaches climb over the garage
as well; and have the vines even if you
don’t have the pergola. English ivy gives
a green cloak the year around; wistaria,
roses and clematis, flowering in the order
named, lend touches of color. These can
be trained upon rough stone walls and upon
bricks when the joints have been raked out
to a depth of half an inch. Trellises of
cypress or white pine may be used also, and
they are necessary on stucco or concrete
walls. Don’t forget the effectiveness of a
tree background, and of a hardy perennial
or hedge border along the drive and the
path from the house.

NovEMBER, 1912

CEES ASS

ConDUCTED BY ELLEN Eppy SHAW

Work For The Month

URN to THE GaRDEN MaGazine for
August and read an article on “An-
nuals for Winter Bloom Indoors,” and
get some good suggestions for raising
flowers in the class-room this winter. The
dwarf French marigolds spoken of are really
very satisfactory. They blossom well and
do not attract lice.

Tf your class room has sunless windows
a real woodsy window box would be just
the thing. The best arrangement for
placing the window box is the following:
Screw two ordinary iron brackets into the
woodwork below the window sill. Place
across these brackets a board stained to
match the woodwork. Upon this board
shelf place the window box. Plant in this
north window box some little evergreens;
cedars and spruces do well, too. First
place in the bottom of the box an inch of
drainage material such as old broken
crock, then a few lumps of charcoal, and
upon this layer put the soil. Get soil from
the woods; soil in which the little trees have
been growing is the best. Firm this black
wood soil all about the trees. Over the
surface place moss and thus you have a
sort of natural wood covering. The moss
covering helps to hold moisture in and
about the tree roots. Such a box of ever-
greens will last perfectly all the winter and
stand the over-Sunday drop in temperature
so fatal to most plants.

So many schools are unable to solve the
houseplant matter because of the over-
Sunday problem. Plants are growing
beautifully and then comes the cold week-
end. The plants are in poor condition
when the teacher enters her room Monday
morning. A sort of fireless cooker arrange-
ment can be made. Take a large packing
box, put some hay, straw, excelsior, saw
dust or even old newspaper in the bottom.
Place on this a smaller box and stuff all
about the box with whatever packing is
used. This box should be drawn close to
the source of heat on Friday. The big
box, the little box and the packing all get

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

heated through. Place the plants in the
inner box, cover it over and put packing
between that and the outside cover. It
is well to put a cloth over the packing before
putting the cover on; so that no air will
creep in through the cracks. The plants
remain in very good condition in the
“cooker”? until Monday morning. Often,
however, it is enough to wrap the pots and
plants in newspaper and place them in a
sheltered part of the room.

Certain plants are suited to conditions
of sunlight and others to conditions of
semi-light. In boxes and pots to be placed
in sunny windows put geraniums, mar-
guerites, petunias, abutilon, alyssum, wan-
dering Jew, and, in fact, any of the sunny-
garden plants you may care to take inside.
For the box which is to be under conditions
of shade plant begonias, ferns, dracaena,
palms, vincas, ivy and fuchsias.

OUTER BOX

VMI E

SNLSE ALY OS
A ACES Vig lai hip ke
hie UME

UE Lob

PLANT BOX

This plant box, a sort of fireless cooker, solves the
over-Sunday plant problem for schools

So often the buds of the Chinese lily
blast. The foliage grows beautifully, buds
put forth but before becoming perfected,
wither and die. An interesting experiment
to try is the following: Take a bulb and
make an incision with a sharp knife from
tip to base. Cut through several of the
bulb’s coats but not clear into its centre.
Plant the bulb as usual in stones and
water, put away in the dark for almost a
week or until vigorous roots form. Then
bring into the light. You will observe
that shoots start out from the places of
incision and that the growth is much more
rapid than in the case of uncut bulbs.
Get your lily bulbs started for Christmas
flowering by the middle of November.

Have you tried forcing lily-of-the-valley
pips? These can be forced for Christmas
time. The pips cost about fifty cents a
dozen from any good florist. When they
come to you cut off about one half the
root area. Each pip has a vigorous growth
of roots. Take a sharp knife, gather the
roots all up together in your hand and
cut off from one third to one half this root
growth. Pot in any good garden soil.
The pointed bud end of the pip should be
out of the earth. Lilies-of-the-valley look
best planted in low pots or pans. ‘Ten pips
may be planted in an 8-inch pan. The
pans should now be placed for a few days
in a semi-dark and warm place. Keep the

159

pips well watered. The boiler room in
school buildings makes a good forcing
house. After about a week bring the
lilies to the light but continue to keep them
warm and moist. If these are started
about the middle of November one should
have blooms by Christmas.

During November one is constantly
thinking of Christmas. The week before
this vacation should see blooming plants
in the class-rooms. With lilies-of-the-valley,
Chinese lilies and Roman hyacinths the
rooms may breathe forth the sweetness
of the season. To add some color and
vigor to the decorations or gift plants try
to force out sprays of apple and cherry
trees. In November, about the middle of
the month, after some good cold weather,
ask the boys to cut some fruit branches.
Place these in jars of warm water and put
away in the dark and warm. As soon as
the buds begin to swell and burst bring
the jars out to the light. Keep up the
temperature and it is possible to have real
blossom for Christmas. These make lovely
decorations and charming Christmas gifts.

Care Of House Plants

[e IS better to start right with house
plants than to be constantly doctoring
them up later.

First pot them up with plenty of drain-
age material. Broken rock is the best
sort to use. An inch to an inch and one
half of this will be sufficient. A little char-
coal helps keep the soil sweet. One need
not be so fussy about a potting soil as
many people seem to think. Any good
garden soil will do. Use one part of sand

Lilies-of-the-valley may be transplanted from pot
to pot without disturbing the growth

to every four parts
of the garden soil.
Remember if this
soil is too rich and
heavy young
plants will not do
well. The sand
lightens and loos-
ens the soil and
helps in the drain-
age problem, too.

The fibre flower
pot saucer is most
satisfactory. It
does not soak
through and so
may be used on
desk or the best of
woodwork. These
saucers are of a
good color.

In the matter of
watering plants as
many suggestions
are offered as there are people to make
suggestions. Water plants with water
the temperature of which is about that
of the room in which the plants live.
Too hot water weakens plants; too cold
chills them. If the atmosphere of the
room seems too dry keep an open dish of
water in the room. The constant eva-

oration of moisture from the exposed
Surface is adding some water to the air of
the room. When the earth in a pot or
window box is dry then do the watering
and do it thoroughly. Constant applica-
tions of a little water at a time are bad.
Water thoroughly and then allow the soil
to dry out before the next watering.

Stir the top soil of the potted plants
occasionally. Keep the pots themselves
clean. Wash off the leaves. Try to have
the children realize that conditions which
go toward making children clean and happy
do similar things for plants. The care of
class-room plants is a duty for the children
and a lesson too.

A pumpkin 56 inches in
circumference raised by
the boy who holds it,

The Transformation of a Country
School

Fock years ago I left my work as
teacher in a high school and engaged

to teach the school at my home —a little

country school up among the hills of Ulster
County, N. Y. This school house is of the
“Little Red School House” type and was
placed upon a three-cornered piece of
ground, the most unattractive spot in the
district.

About two weeks before school was to
open, I went down to look the situation
over a bit. I found the place as bare and
ugly as when I attended as a child. I
opened the door of the school house. There
were four bare walls — save for one lone
motto, which I well remembered. There
was not a desk in the room that did not
bear the marks of the boys’ knives. The
floor boards were wide and between them
were large cracks filled with dust.

I wondered why the bright healthy

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

country children should have such sur-
roundings and the city children have all
the advantages. Two days later I returned
with a two horse load of things I had
gathered for that room. The most essential
things in the load were the plants for the
windows.

On the first day of school about forty
children appeared. They were just plain
country children. They were pleased with
the changes in the room and began to
speak of things that they could bring to
help.

By the end of the week we had brought
rakes and raked the yard. On the following
Monday the boys brought crowbars,
sledges, shovels and wheelbarrows and went
at the stones in earnest. We spent a good
share of our noons and recesses working
and by November we had a fairly smooth
yard.

We continued along the same line of
work, fixed up the stone walls as best we
could and set out some cedar trees about
the outhouses. By this time winter com-
pelled us to stop work. Then the girls
scrubbed the desks but could not improve
them much except that they were several
shades lighter. Some child suggested that
they sandpaper them. The children
brought sandpaper, glass, rasps and planes.
We worked two weeks on the desks. At
the end of that time they looked like new
wood with nearly every mark obliterated.
I found that these boys and girls were. as
anxious to build up as they had been to
destroy. That spring we set out trees and
put out flowers along the fences. Nearly
all the cedars that we had planted in the
fall had died so we tried again. During
the summer the children labored faithfully
at their home gardens and the following fall
we had our “Garden and Flower Show.”
We had an entertainment and that brought
the parents. From a grab bag we realized
ten dollars. This we used to help pay for

an organ we had brought at the beginning
of the school year.

After that, I felt that I had begun to
walk on firmer ground. We had won two
prizes in the children’s contest offered by
THE GARDEN Macazrine. In the winter
we gave another entertainment.

With the

The little old red school house with its new belfry

NovEMBER, 1912

proceeds we finished paying for the or-
gan and bought forty dollars’ worth of
books.

That spring, flower beds were made.
First, the boys dug down about two feet
along the east stone wall. Most of the
top soil was coal ashes. Then they filled
in with black soil that one parent gave us.
Several such beds were made and flower
seeds put in. One man sent us a good load
of rotted manure. We set out a clump of
white birches, also blood root and ferns in
a shady corner. About the outbuildings
we planted vines.

A good thing happened at the school
meeting. The people voted money to buy
a half acre of land on the east of our school
grounds. A “frolic” was made and the
parents and older boys came with teams
and hauled away those old stone walls,
then graded and seeded the ground. One
trustee had a neat stock fence put on the
south and east sides.

All the fall of the third year the children
picked stones and worked on our new
ground. The boys dug a ditch in the lower
corner where it was always wet, and filled it
with stones. In the early winter we earned
money to buy a large bell and belfry for
the building. :

Some one may ask, how could all this be
done and school work not neglected? In
answer I may say that this work was not
done during school hours.

On October 14, 1911, we held our “Garden
and Flower Show.” We had 150 house
plants potted, and sold them at the “Show”’
and realized $23.00 from the sale. An
entertainment was given on the lawn and
the exhibit was held in the school room.

New York F. M. M.

Letters From Little Friends

M* BULB isa hyacinth. I bought it
at school. First I planted it in a pot
and put it down cellar in the dark. About
February 1st, I took it upstairs and put it
on the window sill in the sun. I watered
it every day. I watched it every day till
by and by Isawa bud. It was a lavender
and white hyacinth, and so pretty.
EVELYN VINTON.

I Boucut my bulb at school. All the
children who wanted to, bought bulbs. I
planted mine in a flower-pot with soil from
the garden. Then I put the flower-pot out
of doors in the garden. I covered the pot
with soil. February 1st, I took the pot up
and put it in a dark place for a week or so.
I watered it every morning. One day I
saw the buds; they were yellow!

HELEN PORTER.

I PrantepD four potatoesin eight hills. I
think they were about eighteen inches
apart. I did not put any fertilizer on, the
soil being rather good. The vines were
quite thrifty. I watered them during the
dry weather. From these I raised about
half a bushel. Several weighed half a
pound a piece. RussELL Woops.

Ten Acres Enough*— II

(Continued from page 109)

if HAD determined on giving my attention to the
raising of the smaller fruits for the great markets
of New York and Philadelphia. I must therefore be
somewhere on or near the railroad between those
cities, and as near as possible toa station. The
soil of Pennsylvania, near Philadelphia, was too
heavy for some of the lighter fruits. New Jersey,
with its admirably sandy loam, light, warm, and
of surprisingly easy tillage, was proverbially
adapted for the growth of all market produce,
whether fruit or vegetable, and was at the same
time a week or two earlier. Land was far cheaper,
there was no State debt, taxes were merely
nominal, and an acre that could be bought for
thirty dollars could be made four times as pro-
ductive as an acre of the best wheat land in Pennsyl-
vania. Such results are regularly realized by
hundreds of Jerseymen from year to year.

Every town within the range of my wants was
well supplied with churches, schools, and stores,
together with an intelligent and moral population.
I should be surrounded by desirable neighbors,
while an hour’s ride by steamboat or railroad would
place me, many times daily, among all my ancient
friends in the city.

By the mere accident of a slight revival in busi-
ness, a party came along who was thus induced to
purchase my stock and machinery. Luckily, he
was able to pay down the whole amount in cash. I
received what I considered at the time an excel-
lent price; but when I came to settle up my accounts
and pay what I owed, I found, to my extreme dis-
appointment, that but a little over two thousand
dollars remained.

This sum was the net gain of many years of most
laborious toil. Was it possible for farming to be a
worse business than this? I had made ten times as
much, but my losses had been terrible. This, with
my personal credit, was all the surplus I had saved.

Buying a Farm —A Long Search

‘HIS was the amount I had with which to buy
and stock a farm, and keep my family while my
first crops were growing. As I was entirely free
from debt, so I determined to avoid it in the future.
Thus resolved, we set out in the early part of
March to seek a home. I was particular to take
my wife with me — I wanted her to aid in choosing
it. I was determined that she should be made
comfortable from the start, not only because she
deserved to be made so, but to make sure that no
cause for future discontent should arise. I was
unwilling to take a single step in opposition either
to her wishes or her judgment. Indeed, I had
long since made up my mind, from observation of
the good or bad luck of other men, that he who
happens to be blessed with a wife possessing good
sense and good judgment, succeeds or fails in life
according as he is accustomed to consult her in his
business enterprises. There is a world of caution,
shrewdness, and latent wisdom in such women,
which their husbands too frequently disregard to
their ruin.

I am thus particular as to all my experiences;
for this is really a domestic story, intended for the
multitudes who have suffered half a lifetime from
trials similar to mine, and who yet feel ungratified
longings for some avenue of escape. My object
being to point out that through which I emerged
from such a life to one of certainty and comfort,
the detail ought to be valuable, even if it fail to be
interesting. It is possible that I may sink the
practical in the enthusiastic, and prove myself
to be unduly enamored of my choice. But as it is
success that makes the hero, so let my experience
be accepted as the test.

* Copyright, 1905, by Consolidated Retail Booksellers.

I had settled it in my mind that I would use a
thousand dollars in the purchase of land, and that
I could make Ten Acres Enough. This I was
determined to pay for at once, and have it covered

by no man’s parchment. But when we set out on
our search, we found some difficulties. Every
county in New Jersey contained a hundred farms
that were for sale. Most of them were too large
for my slender purse, though otherwise most
eligibly situated. Then we must have a decent
house, even if we were forced to put up with less
land. Numerous locations of this kind were
offered. The trouble was— keeping my slender
purse in view —that the farms were either too
large or too small

Anxiety to Sell Land

T WAS curious to note the anxiety of so many

land-owners to sell, and to hear the discordant
reasons which they gave for desiring to do so. The
quantity in market was enormous. All the real-
estate agents had large books filled with descrip-
tions of farms and fancy country-seats for sale,
some to be had by paying one fourth of the pur-
chase money down, and some which the owners
would exchange for merchandise, or traps, or
houses in the city. Many of them appeared simply
to want something else for what they already had.
They were tired of holding, and desired a change
of some kind, better if they could make it, and
worse if they could not. City merchants, or
thriving mechanics, had built country cottages,
and then wearied of them — it was found incon-
venient to be going to and fro — in fact, they had
soon discovered that the city alone was their place.
Many such told us that their wives did not like
the country.

Others had bought farms and spent great sums
in improving them, only to sell at a loss. Farm-
ing did not pay an owner who lived away off in
the city. Another class had taken land for debt,
and wanted to realize. They expected to lose
anyhow, and would sell cheap. Then there was
another body of owners who, though born and
raised upon the land, were tired of country life,
and wanted to sell and embark in business in the
city. Some few were desirous of going to the West.
Change of some kind seemed to be the general
craving. As I discovered that much of all this
land was covered with mortgages of greater or
less amount, it was natural to suppose the sheriff
would occasionally turn up, and so it really was.
There were columns in some of the county papers
filled with his advertisements. I sometimes
thought the whole country was for sale.

But yet there was a vast body of owners, many
of them descendants of the early settlers, whom no
consideration of price could tempt to abandon
their inheritances. They seemed to know and
understand the value of their ancestral acres. We
met with other parties, recent purchasers, who had
bought for a permanency, and who could not be
induced to sell. In short, there seemed to be two
constantly flowing streams of people — one tend-
ing from city to country, the other from country
to city. Doubtless it is the same way with all our

161

large cities. I think the latter stream was the
larger. If it were not so, our cities could not grow
in population at a rate so much more rapid than
the country. At numerous farmhouses inquiries
were made if we knew of any openings in the city
in which boys and young men could be placed.
The city was evidently the coveted goal with too
large a number.

This glut of the land market did not discourage
us. We could not be induced to believe that land
had no value because so many were anxious to
dispose of it. We saw that it did not suit those
who held it, and knew that it would suit us. But
we could not but lament over the infatuation of
many owners, who we felt certain would be ruined
by turning their wide acres into money, and ex-
posing it to the hazards of an untried business in
the city. I doubt not that many of the very
parties we then encountered have, long before
this, realized the sad fate we feared, and learned
too late that lands are better than merchandise.

Found at Last

CRE morning, about the middle of March, we
found the very spot we had been seeking. It lay
within a few miles of Philadelphia, within gunshot
of a railroad station, and on the outskirts of a town
containing churches, schools, and stores, with quite
an educated society. The grounds comprised
eleven acres, and the dwelling-house was quite
large enough for my family. It struck the fancy
of my wife the moment we came up to it; and
when she had gone over the house, looked into the
kitchen, explored the cellar, and walked round the
garden, she expressed the strongest desire to make
it our home.

There was barn enough to accommodate a horse
and cow, with a ton or two of hay, quite an ex-
tensive shed, and I noticed that the barnyard con-
tained a good pile of manure which was to go with
the property. The buildings were of modern date,
the fences were good, and there was evidence that
a former occupant had exercised a taste for fruit
and ornamental trees, while the garden was in
very fair condition. But the land had been wholly
neglected. All outside of the garden was a per-
fect scarecrow of tall weeds, thousands of which
stood clear up to the fence top, making sure that
they had scattered seeds enough for twenty future
crops.

But I noticed that the land directly opposite
was in the most admirable condition, and I saw at
a glance that the soil must be adapted to the very
purpose to which it was to be applied. The op-
posite ground was matted with a luxuriant growth
of strawberries, while rows of stalwart raspberries
held up their vigorous canes in testimony of the
goodness of the soil. A fine peach orchard on the
same neighboring property seemed impatient to
put forth and blossom unto harvest. The eleven
acres could be no worse land than this, and though
I had a horror of weeds, yet I was not to be fright-
ened by them. I knew that weeds were more
indigenous to New Jersey than even watermelons.

This miniature plantation of eleven acres be-
longed to a merchant in the city. He had taken
it to secure a debt of eleven hundred dollars, but
had pledged himself to pay the former owner what-
ever excess over that sum he might obtain for it.
But pledges of that loose character seldom amount
to much — the creditor consults his own interest,
not that of the debtor. The latter had long been
trying to sell, but in vain; and now the former
had become equally embarrassed, and needed
money even more urgently than the debtor had
done. The whole property had cost the debtor
eighteen hundred dollars. His views in founding
it were similar to mine. He meant to establish
for himself a home, to which at some future period
he might retire. But he made the sad mistake of

162

continuing in business in the city, and one disaster
succeeding another, he had been compelled to
abandon his anticipated refuge nearly a year before
we came along.

All these facts I learned before beginning to
negotiate for the purchase. As the barished man
related them to me, going largely into the history
of his hopes, his trials, his disappointments, I
found cause for renewed thankfulness over my
superior condition. With a_ single exception, his
experience had been the counterpart of my own —
he had lost all and was loaded with debt, while
I had saved something and owed no man.

Making a Purchase — First Impression

HE owner of these eleven acres had been for
some months in the furnace of pecuniary afflic-
tion. He was going the way of nine tenths of
all the business flesh within the circle of my ac-
quaintance. As a purchaser I did not seek him,
nor to his representative did myself or my wife
let fall a single word indicating that we were pleased
with the property. When fifteen hundred dollars
were named as the price I did indulge in some
expression of surprise, thinking it was quite enough.
Discovering subsequently that the owner was an
old city acquaintance, I dropped in one morning
to see him, and for an hour we talked over the
times, the markets, the savage rates demanded for
money, and how the spring business was likely to
turnout. Onreal estate I was as mute asa mouse,
except giving it as my decided opinion that some
holders were asking greater prices than they would
be likely to realize.

This side-thrust brought my friend out. He
mentioned his house had eleven acres, and eagerly
inquired if I did not know of some one who would
buy. With as much indifference as I could assume,
I asked his terms. He told me with great frank-
ness that he was compelled to sell, and that
his need of money was so great, that he might
possibly do so whether the debtor got any-
thing or not. He urged me to find him a pur-
chaser, and finally gave me the refusal of the place
for a few days.

Now, the plain truth was that my anxiety to
buy was quite as great as his was to sell. During
the next week we met several times, when he in-
variably inquired as to the prospect of a purchaser.
But I had no encouragement to offer. When I
thought I had fought shy long enough, I surprised
him by saying that I knew of a purchaser who was
ready to take the property at a thousand dollars.
He sat down and indulged in some figuring, for a
few moments was silent, then inquired if the offer
was a cash one, and when the money could be had.
I replied, the moment his deed was ready for
delivery.

It was evident that the offer of instant payment
determined him to sell at so low a price — cash
was everything. Opening his desk, he took out a
deed for the property, ready to execute whenever
the grantee’s name, the date and the consideration
should have been inserted, handed it to me, and
said he accepted the offer.

I confess to both exultation and surprise. I had
secured an unmistakable bargain. The ready-
made deed surprised me, but it showed the owner’s
necessities.

The transaction seemed to involve a succession
of surprises. His turn for a new one came when he
found that I had inserted my wife’s name in the
deed. So, paying him his thousand dollars, I
returned with the deed to my wife, telling her
that she had now a home of her own; that, come
what might, the property was hers; and that no
subsequent destitution of mine could wrest it from
her. This little act of consideration was as gratify-
ing a surprise to her as any that either buyer or
seller had experienced.

In a week the house was vacated and cleansed,
and we were in full possession. My wife was
satisfied, my children were delighted, and I had
realized the dream of twenty years! One strong
fact forced itself on my attention the first night I
passed under my new roof. The drain of three
hundred dollars per annum into the pocket of my
city landlord had been stopped. My family
received as safe a shelter for the interest of a thou-
sand dollars, as he had given them for the interest

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

of five thousand! The feeling of relief from this
unappeasable demand was indescribable. Cur-
iously enough, my wife voluntarily suggested that
the same feeling of relief had been presented to her.
But in addition to this huge equivalent for the
investment of a thousand dollars, there was that
which might be hereafter realized from the culti-
vation of eleven acres of land.

This lodgment was effected on the first of April.
When all our household fixings had been snugly
arranged, and I took my first walk over my little
plantation, on a soft and balmy morning, my feel-
ing of contentment seemed to be perfect. I
knew that I was not rich, but it was certain that
I was not poor.

(To be continued)

Prepare for Oats

N LATE October prepare for oats. Iam speaking

to Northern farmers. I do not say sow then,
but prepare. It is invariably true that early sown
oats bear much more largely and better grain than
late sown oats. The cool weather and wet con-
ditions that prevail early are especially favorable
to the nature of oats, making them thrive. This,
then, is the reason why preparation should be made
now. Let the soil be plowed and left rough. If
plowed early while warm weather continues, all
the better, since heat favors the decay of rub-
bish and growing weeds turned in and encour-
ages the germination of seeds, the plants from
which are later destroyed by the winter. Land
so treated will be found much freer from weeds
next summer, giving the oats opportunity to
find nourishment and produce good straw and
full heads.

But the crowning benefits derived from late
October plowing for oats will be found in the
chance for early sowing of the seed. Long before
your neighbors can start a plow, you will find
you can harrow October-plowed lands and sow
oats. Do it. Give the oats the advantage of one
to three weeks and note how they will respond in
superb growth.

There is another dividend also on this early
investment: You get a part of the season’s work
done and out of the way and don’t have it to worry
about, before the rush. Manuring of the oat lands
may be done during winter, spreading it direct
from the drops. Unless the surface is decidedly
sloping there is no cause for fear of loss, however
much the juices discolor the snow.

In all the great northern country where corn is
not especially good, oats should form a much more
important crop than is the case at present. The
grain is of great value ‘to all kinds of stock. Also
oat-hay and roughage made of oats and peas, sown
together in the proportion of one bushel of peas
and two and a half of oats, makes a great weight
of valuable fodder. The seed cannot be sown too
early if the furrows are mellow. In the case of the
peas, let them be sown first and before the harrows
are started. They will be covered between the
furrows deeply, which is just the condition they
like. They do not dry out if deep. After the
first harrowing sow the oats. Cut this combina-
tion feed when the oats are in the milk or very
first dough stage and cure in heaps, the same as
clover. Another advantage of sowing oats in
late-prepared lands is this: They ripen earlier,
are housed before the showery weather of mid-
summer comes, and a heavy crop of clover is often
secured from the same ground before killing
frosts. Or the soil may be turned over at once
and turnips, barley (for late soiling) or Hungarian
grass or millet may be grown. Or the land may be
summer fallowed to destroy some infesting weed
and seeded from September to November with rye,
the farmer’s friend and soil binder. This two-crop
system is particularly advantageous to the farmer
of limited domain. Usually that crop is a “bumper”
which is prepared for methodically, far in advance.
Planning to sow oats on a given area with spring’s
first permit will include sending soon for the seed
— getting good seed of the best kind from the best
source, even if a long way off, perhaps into the
far North... If it should cost a little more than
locally grown seed, pay it; then make it yield
enough more to make fourfold returns.

Connecticut. HOLLISTER SAGE.

NovEMBER, 1912

Keeping Celery Throughout the
Winter

HE is a simple plan for keeping celery in
perfect condition throughout the entire
winter, hit upon by a suburban Washingtonian a
couple of years ago after more than ten years of
experimenting. This man is an_ enthusiastic
gardener after business hours, and raises all his
summer vegetable supply and much of those used
in winter, particularly celery.

“Ever since I moved out here and began raising
berries and vegetables for my own table, I have
been trying various ways of keeping my celery into
the winter,” he explained to me. “TI tried other
people’s ways that I read of, or heard of, and ways
that were of my own invention, but only had
indifferent success until I hit upon this plan two
years ago. If it continues to give as good results
as it has so far, I’m done experimenting. Anyway
I think that I’ve hit upon the right fundamental
idea, keeping the plants growing — not growing
much, but just growing.”

Judging by the appearance and crispness of the
celery he showed me in late December and again
in mid-March the plan is a success and a real
“find”? — at least for home gardeners in latitudes
where the winters are not severe—and is de-
serving of wider adoption by celery-loving home
gardeners. Whether it is practical for adoption
by commercial growers retailing to a select city
trade, I leave to their judgment.

Two years ago Mr. Graves had a fine crop of
celery of three classes — early, small late, large
late — which he stored in a coldframe. Prepara-
tion was begun in mid-October by topping the
plants quite severely, so that they would take up as
little room as possible in their winter quarters.
In a week the wounds had healed over and the
plants had begun to grow again. About Novem-
ber ist, as freezing weather seemed likely, the
plants were taken up, roots and all, with as much
soil as would come with them. Next the stalks
were tied, about one third of the way from the
top, with a strip of old cotton cloth or a soft string
This served the double purpose of keeping the
stalks compact and straight and of keeping the
earth from sifting in during the subsequent opera-
tions. Next the roots of each plant, together with
the earth adhering thereto, are held in a pail of
water about five seconds (seconds, not minutes);
then these plants are set in rows almost,-but not
quite, touching each other in the coldframe. As
each row is set it is covered firmly nearly to the
top with ordinary garden soil. Care is exercised
to keep the foliage dry throughout the operation.

Mr. Graves places the large late sort in the
back of the bed, the shorter growing late sort
next, and the early variety at the front or lower
side, where it can be gotten at easiest for use early
in the season. When the setting was all done the
bed was at once covered with double-glass sash.

“‘T have used these sash,’’ Mr. Graves explained,
“not that it is unnecessary to do any covering
and uncovering; but mainly because, owing to
their peculiar construction, they allow the rank
moist air to escape instead of condensing on the
glass and dripping back on the leaves and stalks.
To keep the plants healthy and growing a little
under glass throughout the cold weather it is
necessary to provide the out-of-door conditions
of September and October. This I can do very
well with my double-glass sash.”

Within a few days after setting the plants in the
coldframe they will all have made new roots and
become just as green and fresh as they were before
being moved. When I first visited this gardener
in late December, the frame — which is a large
one, requiring five sash to cover it — was packed
nearly full of plants and not a single leaf showed
a blemish. He pulled some of the early sort and
it was as nearly perfect as these early self-blanching
varieties ever become, and fully blanched. The
late sorts were not then ready, but in mid-March
I found them perfectly blanched and without a
sign of decay. Care was taken throughout the
winter not to expose the plants to freezing, although
they were given plenty of cold air, as this is nec-
essary to keep them from growing too strongly,
thus getting too big for the box before all are used.

New York. Cc. W.

NovEMBER, 1912

For information about popular resorts
Service

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

write to the Readers’

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THE HOW AND WHY OF SHADE |

TREES AND. EVERGREENS

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Robert S. Conklin, head of the forestry
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The Only Real Stains

Don’t judge shingle-staining by the crude and tawdry colors
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Cabot’s Creosote Stains

Cabots colors are soft, transparent—bringing out the natural
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You can get Caboi’s Stains all over the Country. Send
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SAMUEL CABOT, Inc., Manfg. Chemists, 1 Oliver St., Boston, Mass_

Stained with Cabol’s Shingle Stains.
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The Readers’ Service will giv
164 AIGoHa I oalG Rout @iiamiabiles 4 H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E

NovEmMBER, 1912

Pansies the Year Round

ONTINUE to plant Dutch bulbs and lilies,
and sow pansy seed. The soil for pansies

cannot be made too rich; well rotted stable manure
is probably the best fertilizer to use. Make the
beds about eight inches deep, digging out the soil
as you would if you were preparing a hotbed.
Spread the manure from two to four inches deep
in the bottom of the bed, and cover with fine rich
soil four to six inches in depth. Be sure to get
the best seed, and either broadcast it thinly or
sow it in rows four inches apart. Protect the young
plants from heavy rains and hard winds until they
are well started. From planting this way I have
had flowers almost the entire year.

Begin to spray and prune the fruit trees. It is
also time to commence digging out the borers.

Asparagus should be more generally grown in
: sat : . the South; it is ready for use at a time when other
the Delphine ? Gaillar- vegetables are scarce. Plant the roots now.
dias, Pyrethrums and the : Continue to plant onion sets, especially the
rest, all serve to bring back Roa Bermuda and multiplying sorts. Vetch and

ELWAY’S famous Hardy
Herbaceous Plants are modern
developments of the old English
favourites. The cottage ‘‘ Piny
Rose” has become the Peony,
incomparable in form, colour and fra-
grance. The old-fashioned Larkspur
has developed into the stately blooms of

the charm of the old-world
English garden. Special
care is taken in packing
plants to arrive in America
in good order, and they can
be relied upon to thrive with
a minimum of attention.

crimson clover may be sown in the Lower South.
Sow oats, wheat and rye. These are very easy
crops to grow and a large acreage should be sowed.
Lawn grass may be sown now in the Lower
South.
Set out strawberry plants during the month.
Give them rich soil, the richer the better.
Sow seed of rape at any time; it makes an ex-

cellent green food for either poultry or stock and
grows very rapidly, withstanding well the cold

Full particulars and illustra- @ | weather.

tions given in the Kelway Coorg pegged ELD:
Manual of Horticulture
mailed free on request to

KELWAY & SON
Herald Square Bldg.
141-145 West 36th St., N. Y. City

Forcing the Lily-of-the-Valley in_
Florida

HE lily-of-the-valley is one of my favorite
flowers, yet living so far south, I have never
been able to get satisfactory blooms in my garden.
Last summer’s efforts, however, were very success-
ful, and the succession of blooms most satisfying.
From pips received on December 5th I had blos-
soms on January 7th. A second lot took three
days less in which to reach perfection. People
from Virginia and other states, where the lily-of-
a y : the-valley grows in every garden, told me they had
a8 a z never seen better blooms. Each pot cost less than
+} r= y ie g twenty cents and was a joy for ten days.

f . | The points to be considered are: First, heat at
the roots, while the flowers are kept cool; second,
to keep the flower dark; until the buds are well
out of the sheath, so as to get a long stem; then,
all the light and fresh air possible to give good color
to the leaves.

In the fall of 1911, I ordered one hundred pips
from a wholesale florist in the North; adding the
express, the total cost was $1.50. The pips came
tied in bunches of twenty-five. I buried three
bunches to keep them dark and cold, while I
experimented with the fourth. I untied the bunch
and planted them in two 5-inch pots, twelve in one
pot, ten in the other, covering the roots with sand
but leaving the pip entirely above it. The pots
were sprayed, then put in small pans of water,

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SSS =< : - E A brown paper bag was drawn over the top of the
- f se Se : pot, so that the hot air from the stove could not
parch the plump little pips. Every day, the pots
were sprayed, and more water added to the pans

NovEMBER, 1912

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THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

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write to the Readers’ Service

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“61”? Floor Varnish is heel-proof,

mar-proof and water-proof. Send for
Free Booklet on Floor Finishing
and Sample Panel

finished with ‘‘61”’ and test it. You
may dent the wood but the varnish
won’tcrack. Pratt & Lambert Varnish
Products are used by painters, specified
by architects and sold by paint and
hardware dealers everywhere.

Address all inquiries to Pratt & Lambert-Inc., 129Tonawanda Street, Buffalo, N. Y.
In Canada, 73 Courtwright Street, Bridgeburg, Ontario.

)"FLOORVARNISH
- Sa

A PRATT.& LAMBERT VARNISHES

Amenican Facrorics

Forcicn Facrorics.

OX Ayes Bunscocees ESTABLISHED OG YEARS “Conson “Pasve

Briggeaure CAnaca Hamevure

Jacksonville, Fla.

For Liquor and Drug Users

A scientific remedy that has cured nearly half a
million in the past thirty-two years. Administered
by medical specialists at Keeley Institutes only.
Write for particulars

To the Following Keeley Institutes:

Hot Springs. Ark. Atlanta, Ga.
Los Angeles, Cal. Use le, eS
San Francisco, Cal. ‘ D =

West Haven, Conn. Portland, Me.

Kaneas City, Mo.

St. Louis, Mo.

a 2801 Locust §t. Philadelphia, Pa.

Crab Orchard, Ky. Manchester. N. MH.
Buffalo, N. Y.

Lexington, Mass. White Plains, N. Y.

Providence, R. I.

Columbia, 8. C.

Salt Lake City, Utah
812 N. Broad St. Toronto, Ontario

Pittsburg, Pa. Winnipeg, Manitoba
4246 Fifth Ave. London, England

Columbus, ©.
Portland, Ore,

If you wish information about dogs

apply to the Readers’ Service NOVEMBER , 1912

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

The Wonder
Lily. byzantine

(from a
Photo)
This
bulb
blooms abso-
lutely without
soil or water by
simply placing
it in the light
and sum on a

plate, in a china, glass or a brass bowl.

The flowers appear as ii by magic—ex-
quisite rosy blossoms golden stamens in
the chalix, omitting a delicate fragrance
in the sunshine. Each bulb bears from
8-20 flowers according to size.

The Sweetest Gift

to bring a smile to the lips of Inva-

lids or Shut-ins, to whom the watching

of this magic blossoming brings daily delight.
Start bulbs three

weeks before Thanks-

giving to adorn your

dinner table with

unique bloom. If

wanted for Christmas
flowering, send in or-
ders now. We will re-
serve bulbs for you,
shipping in proper
time. Full directions
how to treat bulbs &

with every order.

Large! Bulbs iis. cse.s\-f<101scisin :

to make up for that lost by evaporation, and at the
end of the week the buds had appeared and showed
clear of the enclosing sheath. The pots were now
put in a sunny window, and the paper bags re-
moved to give all the light and air possible. Other-
wise, there would be no foliage. I put hot water
in the pans once a day for another week; at the
end of the two weeks, they were put out of doors
with my porch plants, and I started another
bundle of pips in the kitchen.

The first hundred pips bloomed in thirty-three
days. As the weather grew warmer, the second
hundred, came into bloom in about three weeks, and
the third hundred were not put on the stove at all,
though they were given the hot water treatment.

Florida. M. Bowers.

row

ie

Oriental Poppy Notes

S AN enthusiastic grower of oriental poppies,

I want to offer a few suggestions, to be taken,

after Mrs. King’s article in the July, 1912, issue
of THe GARDEN MAGAZINE.

In deference to the authorities, plant your poppies
in August and September —if convenient. We
who have only odd moments in our gardens, cannot
always do things at just the approved time but we
find that almost any plant can be moved at any
time, provided sufficient care is given it. We have
moved oriental poppies in October and early April
and noticed no setback to them; the April moved
plants bloomed just as well as those which were
undisturbed. The fact of the matter is that we
disturb the plants very little when we move them;
we first cut down on the four sides of the plant with
a long, sharp spade, then lift out the plant. with
enough earth to hold all the roots in place. Poppies
are a little more difficult to transplant than some
plants, because one must cut down so deeply to get
the long root.

Build a Greenhouse

and have
A Perpetual Summerland
with its
Fruits and Flowers
Nees quite takes the dread and “‘shut

in” feeling out of winter like having your

own greenhouse, with its various garden
chapters to interest and delight you every day,
from the falling of the leaves, to the return of the
swallows.

If you want only a little house (one so little
as two hundred and fifty dollars worth) or an
extensive one with ample room for numerous
vegetables, flowers and fruits, we will build you
the ideal house best adapted for your needs.
Our catalog is full of suggestions—most of them
illustrated. Send for it. There’s still time to
build before winter completely grips things.

Hitchings & Co.

800 Louisa Street, Elizabeth, N. J.

ughout the Winter
BY USING

IBONORA

the greatest Fertilizer in the
| World. A little goes a very long
] ways. Your plants will look fresh
| and healthy in the Spring. BON-
ORA is recommended and en-
| dorsed by Luther Burbank, John
Lewis Childs, Dingee & Conard
and many others. BONORA is
a plant necessity. | Order direct
or through your Seed Dealers.

515-517 Broadway

House Plants Bloom Thro

E GREATEST DISCOVERY
u (OF MODERN TIMES.
PLANT FO)

BonorA CuewicaL.CO.

NY) 584 Baoaowar._ New Yon
Ney |
. J

Bonora Chemical Co. °1°327 B04

CALIFORNIA 4

Monster Bulbso ec ceceiirere see 4
JUMBO (very scarce). .

Best of the Hedge Plants —an ideal hedge
PRIVE I for lawn purposes. A quick grower. No
thorns. Easily trained. California Privet is
generally known and universally popular. Particularly suitable for private
grounds. Perfectly hardy and almost evergreen. Large stock. Prompt
shipments. Plant this Fall and gain aseason. Write to-day for Free Catalogue

If one desires a certain shade in poppies and can
rely on the plantsman being accurate in color
designation it is well to buy plants of the oriental

Your Garden Needs Lilies |

Our Success Dollar Collection
FACH
Lil. Longiflorum, long white trumpet $o.15 $1.25
Lil. Roseum, white and rosy........ RTs
Lil. Album, glistening white, reflexed

20

UPERB lily, white

andicrimsons wake One

Lil. Auratum, GOLDEN QUEEN of
tH

15

Lil. Superbum, GRAND lily, stems
6-7 ft. high, with a wealth of
orange; dark spotted flowers

Lil. Umbellatum, upright flower;
colors ranging from nankin buff
todeeporange and apricot. Superb . 1.25
Seven strong, sound bulbs of the hardiest,
most satisfactory lily bulbs, which will
flower first season.
Price Includes Delivery on Both Offers
Our October offer of bulbs and moss fiber

holds good till December. Address

H.H. BERGER & CO.

70 Warren St. New York

poppies; but if one has time and patience, then I
would say, sow hybrid seeds and in a year’s time
the beautiful varieties secured will more than repay
you for the little care given them. Perhaps there
may be only a few plants which are really distinc-
tive, or only one that is a desired shade, but
from that one you may work up a splendid lot.
From a package of seeds sown a year ago we had a
number of good blooming plants this year. One
was a very large, soft salmon; two were deep,
rich red with immense black blotches and one was a
very unusual flower, being larger than any others,
with black splotches at base of petals. In the
sunshine it is a glowing maroon but in the shade the
inside of the flower seems to be distinctly mulberry.

I like Mrs. King’s suggestion of planting tulips
to flower before the poppies and as we want a strong
red in this corner we shall try T. Gesneriana, var.
spathulata. I have never planted anything to
follow the poppies because they often give us a
second autumn bloom.

Some plants seem to demand a special setting.
To us delphiniums are not seen at their best unless
against the blue sky line, no trees or tall shrubbery
interfering, and madonna lilies are lovelier if grown
among delphiniums. Poppies are too garish unless
softened by nearby green; we grow them in a
triangular bed, the long side facing the lawn, a
white rugosa hedge on the south and a hemlock
hedge on the west.

Pennsylvania. Epna HarrMan.

of Trees, Vines, etc.
A ARTHUR J. COLLINS
Box T MOORESTOWN, N. J.

FREE
CHRISTMAS DINNERS

FOR

300,000
POOR PEOPLE

Will be
supplied by
The
Salvation Army

Throughout the
United States

Will you help by sending
a donation, no matter how
small

TO COMMANDER
MISS BOOTH

118 W. 14th Street, New York City
Western States, Commissioner Estill, 669 S. State St., Chicago

Fall Announcement of New Novels

The Wind Before the Dawn By Dell H. Munger

This is the epic of Kansas. It isalso the epic of the farmer’s wife, and of the
new order which is to make her an independent partner instead of a household
slave. It tells the story of a girl, young, vigorous, happy in spite of miserable
home conditions. She marries the man she loves, and then comes her real
problem as her husband develops the customary attitude of considering his wife
as a necessary piece of farm machinery. A surprising situation arises and the
tangled lives straighten out in a climax which isvery dramatic. Eight illus-
trations in color by Thomas Fogarty. Net, $1.35. (Published August 15th.)

Rolling Stones
By O. Henry

Like a true genius, O. Henry kept no records
of his work, as he had none of the egoism that
is the bane of these days. So it was after follow-
ing many false trails that the material for
“Rolling Stones,” the last of the O. Henry
volumes, was collected. This book contains
ten short stories, quantities of verse, the
whimsical contents of his paper, ‘Rolling
Stones,’ some photographs and quaint pen and
ink and wash drawings. (llustrated. Net,
$1.20. (Ready in November.)

The Lure of Life

By Agnes and Egerton Castle
Authors of “The Pride of Jennico,’’ etc.

When the young scholar, whose world was
of books suddenly found himself Sir Ughtred,
master of a great English estate, he presently
woke to the fact that there were whirlpools
of human feeling in him which he had never
imagined. Around this striking figure the
authors have wrought a tale full of passion and
color, when Sir Ughtred comes into contact
with the two women who affect his life. Jet,
$1.35. (Ready October 3rd.)

Knocking the Neighbors
By George Ade

George Ade is back on his own ground in this
book and that means a volume of the best fun
that the American public has chuckled over for
a long time. It is his first book in several
years and you'll be glad he is back. T/lustrated.
Net, $1.00. (Ready October 30th.)

her standards.

candor.
lished August 3oth)

By Grace S. Richmond

Bro therly House Author of “‘On Christmas Day in the Morning,” etc.
Family quarrels are silly anyway. They arealso uncomfortable things. Just
such a quarrel had built up barriers between the Kingsley boys and girls, until
a family gathering was impossible, because they didn’t even speak to one an-
other. One thing happened, however, that brought them to a loving sympathy
—and a Christmas party. It is an ideal gift book. Frontispiece by Thomas
Fogarty. Paper Net, 50 cents. Leather Net $1.00. (Ready October 24th.)

The Soddy By Sarah Comstock
TE

When nineteen-year-old Terry, astride a bony old gray cow-pony, bare-
headed, her girlish slimness evident in a dress of heavy blue woolen, crosses the
path of Dexter Hayden, the enthusiastic young pioneer fresh from an Eastern
University, the love story finds its first impetus. From the brilliant blue-skied
days when they hopefully plow the wilderness together we watch the two
characters building a climax of dramatic intensity. Decorated Wrapper. Net,
$1.30. (Ready October 3rd.)

Publications of Doubleday, Page & Company

A Beautifully Mlustrated Holiday Catalogue Sent Free on ‘Request

Is Your Husband

Suppose you felt it in you to become a great
emotional actress, an artist or profes-
sional woman, would your husband
help you or hinder you?

Suppose he and your friends disapproved,
would you give it up or follow the de-
sire that possessed you?

That’s the theme of Mary Austin’s
A Woman of Genius

Pauline Mills, sheltered, tenderly kept, inflexible
in her ‘‘adorable womanliness” shapes the world to
Genius, a force as irresistible as
the tide, takes no heed of Pauline Mills, but it
takes up its abode in Olivia Lattimore.
works in her and through her is a story which
turns the feminine mind inside out with remarkable
Decorated Wrapper.

The Street of the Two Friends By F. Berkeley Smith

—_ — =
Author of “A Village of Vagabonds,”’ etc. :
To the little studio at the top of the house in the Rue des Deux Amis comes
many a light footstep, presaging adventure after the fashion of the viede Bohéme.
It is a vivid chronicle of men and women who live in an atmosphere of color and
emotion — a striking companion picture of pulsing Parisian life, with which
the author follows his idyllic tale of ‘A Village of Vagabonds.” Jllustrated
and decorated. Net, $1.50. (Ready October 24th.)

Elkan Lubliner: American
By Montague Glass

Author of “‘Potash and Perlmutter,” etc.

This is the story, rich in possibilities, of the
process of Americanizing our adopted country-
men. All the insight into human nature and
all the whole-hearted fun which so captivated
the thousands of readers of ‘Potash and Perl-
mutter,” and “Abe and Mawruss,” are found
afresh in this new book. Underneath the
laughter and fun is a big dramatic idea. et,
$1.20. (Ready October 16th.)

Chasing the Blues

i | RA <a Text and Cartoons by

|
i

YY

ne RU Calibers

ig OY: If you have gone a long time without a
a laugh, a real laugh, look at one of Goldberg’s
cartoons: ‘They All Look Good FarAway”
~ or “I’m the Guy ”’or‘‘ Telephonies ” or ‘“‘ Ancient
History in Modern Frames.’ And if you
haven’t seen any of his poker cartoons, you

have missed a lot of real fun. Net, 50 cents
(Ready October 24th.)

The Royal Road

By Alfred Ollivant
Author of “Bob, Son of Battle,” etc.

This is the story of Ted Hankey, whose life,
absolutely in the grip of circumstance, the
plaything of the giant Industry, moves surely
and triumphantly to the Great Vision. In
Ted’s heart there blossoms a little flower of
hope which nothing stunts or kills; he whistles
through days gray and sodden; and the light
of his leading shines clearer and steadier as the
climax of this wonderful story approaches.
Net, $1.20. (Ready October 24th.)

How it

Net $1.35. (Pub-

Madame Meésange By F. Berkeley Smith

Author of “A Village of Vagabonds,” “The Real Latin Quarter,” etc.

In “Madame Mésange,” Berkeley Smith takes us back into the Normandy
which was the picturesque setting of his ‘“‘ Village of Vagabonds.”” The little
story has the delightful sentiment and delicate coloring of this artist-author’s
work and brings back a vision of the Normandy coast about which Mr. Smith
has can such a haunting charm. Frontispiece. Net, 50 cents. (Ready October
3rd.

The Heather Moon ®y¢N.&A. M. Williamson

The Heather moon is the moon for falling in love. It comes in August, be-
fore the honeymoon, when the heather is in a glory of purple blossom. In this
book, the Williamsons tell of the adventures of Barribel MacDonald. The
charm of the Scottish countryside runs through its pages, and there is a very
interesting love story which unfolds under the skilful touch of these two popular
writers. Decorated Wrapper and Lining pages. Net, $1.35. (Ready in November.)

Class 37 — The World’s Work............ )
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Doubleday, Page & Company
HE above is an illustration of the Country Life Press where all 8
bound. In the Fall of 1910 we offered to take subscriptions fo
with instant success and in 1911 we handled many thousands of su
four hours of its receipt.

The Value of This Servic

This year instead of printing a catalogue we are printing on these pag
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oa. do OG Re cena o iD ne ale 3 : K..
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Holiday Editions and Gift Books

Retrospections of an Active Life By John Bigelow

This work is one of the richest records of public life in American annals.
John Bigelow, whose death in 1912 closed a career of ninety-two years, was un-
questionably one of the most interesting figures in recent American history.
In these two concluding volumes Mr. Bigelow brings his record from 1867 to
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volume, nel, $4.00. 2 volumes, net, $7.50. Complete set of 5 volumes, including three
books previously issued, net, $15.00. (Ready in November.)

Songs From Books

By Rudyard Kipling

Mr. Kipling says of this Book: “Here will
be found the greater part of the verses scattered
through my novels and stories, with the excep-
tion of children’s stories. In several instances
where only a few lines or stanzas were originally
used, I have given in full the song, etc., whence
they were taken.”

It is surprising with how fresh an appeal
these verses come to one in this collected form.
Net, $1.40 (Ready October oth.)

The Man Farthest Down
By Booker T. Washington

Author of
“Up From Slavery,” ““My Larger Education,”’ etc.

This is the record of a trip made by Dr.
Washington for the purpose of studying con-
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book. There is no one whose keen sympathy
and understanding enables him really to depict
so well the conditions of the man farthest down.
Net, $1.50. (Ready September roth.)

The Book of Woodcraft

By Ernest Thompson Seton
Author of
“Two Little Savages,’’ ““Rolf in the Woods,” etc.

Mr. Seton has here developed the woodcraft
principles set forth in his earlier interesting
manual, ‘‘The Birch-Bark Roll.” By Wood-
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hunting, the art of camping and all good out-
door athletics. No writer deals with out-door
life in so fascinating a way as Mr. Seton.
Illustrated, Cloth, net, $1.75. (Ready October
24th.)

Just-So Stories By Rudyard Kipling

It is hard to prevent our enthusiasm from running away with us when we
come to speak of Mr. Gleeson’s work in illustrating the ‘‘Just-So Stories.”
After many years of close study and innumerable sketches, Mr. Gleeson has
executed a series of twelve drawings in full colors, which we and many others
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for the story of “Kim.”

Reminiscences of the South Seas By John LaFarge

Author of “100 Masterpieces of Painting,” “Great Masters,” etc.

Among the artists the thing for which Mr. LaFarge stood preéminently
was his pictures of the South Seas. He left behind hima journal and series
of letters covering his stay in Samoa and Fiji, which show in words the same sense
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Illustrations, 32 in color, 16 in black and white, by the author. Net, $7.50.
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than any other man in or out of it.
is the first impression from new type.

The Man Who Bucked U

By Arthur Howard

The man who bucked up at the age of thirty-eight and in eighteen months
owned a newspaper and was mayor of a town of forty thousand people
tells his own true, frank story. Used to wealth and luxury, spending thou-
sands of dollarsa year in fashionable New York restaurants, a waster, disowned
by his father, he pulled himself up by the boot-straps. You may not believe
it in a novel, but you'll have to believe Howard’s own story. Net, $1.00.
(Ready October 16th.)

On The Last Frontier

By Stewart Edward White

Author of “‘The Rules of the Game,” “The Cabin,’
“The Riverman,” etc.

Mr. White has discovered a new Africa by
the simple expedient of finding the real one.
The public has been taught to believe that
Africa consists of lions, rhinos and native
guides. Mr. White has found a real people
whose life is highly interesting and whose
progress is wonderful. And he has seen, too,
the bountiful natural beauties and marvels
which lend fascination to this land of the Last
Frontier. Jllustrated. Net, $1.50. (Ready
October 24th.)

The Book of Grasses

By Mary Evans Francis

This is the first book written for the amateur
which takes up in a simple yet comprehensive
way the common and rare species of grass.
The work is thoroughly scientific in its treat-
ment without being forbidding or dull. J/lus-
trations, t6 in color and 64 in black and while.
Net, $4.00. (Ready October 16th.)

By Rudyard Kipling

HIS is a new and beautiful edition of ‘‘Kim,”
made noteworthy by the reproduction in
colors of the terra-cotta placques, executed
by John Lockwood Kipling, father of the author,

The Spider Book —

By John Henry Comstock

This is a scientific work, but is written with
the clarity and simplicity of style that has made
the author’s ‘‘ Manual’’a classic in the literature
of insect life. This first comprehensive book
on the habits and classification of a vast
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and over 700 in black and white. Net, $4.00.
(Just Out)

Aesop’s Fables Illustrated by Arthur Rackham

This volume adds another classic to the list of popular-priced books flor which
Arthur Rackham has done such wonderful illustrations. Last year his Grimm’s
“Fairy Tales” had a remarkable success as a Holiday gift-book. The
present volume is uniform in style with his “Alice in Wonderland” and, as can
readily be imagined, the material has been just as rich in possibilities.
Net, $1.50. De Luxe Edition, 250 copies, net, $10.00. (Ready in November.)

Charcoals of New and Old New York

By F. Hopkinson Smith

If one were to look over the whole United States it would be difficult to find
a man more peculiarly fitted for this special task than Mr. Smith. Engineer,
artist, author, citizen of the world, he has brought a unique equipment to the
task of picturing the significant scenes of the Great City. Wall Street, the
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— these and many others make up this beautiful volume. 20 J//ustrations. Net,
$5.00. Also Limited Edition de Luxe on large paper with special features and
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This edition
Net, $3.50.

Author of “A Day at Laguerre’s,”’ “Col.
Carter, of Cartersville,’ “Peter,” etc.

e will

4 : / = ry The Read roice will give yo:
Nov EMBER, 1912 e THE GAR DEN M AGAZIN E aa Ne mu hea boats 167

Do You Use oa is a
Photographs ?

any better
If you use photo-

for the
graphs to illustrate children
articles or advertis-

ing matter, let us
help you. From our
files of 50,000 pic-
tures we can furnish
about everything you
may need.

i=)

or ourselves
than to
take

The Youth’s Companion

l The contents for a year — stories, articles, and other matter —if published

We have especially
good collections of
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in book form, would make 30 volumes of the best and most varied reading.

Industrial
Horticultural
Agricultural
Nature

Live Stock
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Travel
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Articles Editorials 4 Little Folks one Minute
vol. Departments Ivol. Stories 7
ls. Medical & for Boys-Girls Current Events S$
Vo Religious -th e Famil ily Nature & Science

There will be seven splendid serials and 250 other stories ; there will be arti-

cles by Speaker Champ Clark of the House of Represents es, by Governor

Harmon of Ohio, by Admirals and Generals, and other distinguished men

and women. You can get a full account of Sha in the Announcement for
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11 West 32nd St., New York City L THE YOUTH’S COMPANION, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS

MICHELL’S CHINESE LILIES

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Do they prevent your paving beautiful trees and perfect fruits and vegetables? Do you pera the art of modern
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OUR HANPSOME “The WHY and HOW of ORCHARD SUCCESS”

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If you wish information about dog /
168 YI oy io eReader Seice *“ THE GARDEN MAGAZINE NovemBeER, 1912

seOXIDE ZINCPaints

Wer you look over a property
the first thing that catches your

eye is the paint.

Good paint makes value apparent. It
also preserves value.

Good paint always contains Oxide of
Zinc.

Paint your property with

Oxide os Zinc Paint

to preserve and make manifest its value.
We do not grind Oxide of Zinc in Oil. A list of

manufacturers of Oxide of Zinc Paints
mailed on request.

The New Jersey Zinc Co.

NATIONAL CITY BANK BUILDING

55 Wall Street, New York

How Last Winter Affected My
Plants

HE WINTER of torr-r2 was very severe in
Maryland. In January the thermometer
fell as low as 25 degrees below zero in this neigh-
borhood. The cold was so intense and protracted
when I left for California on February rst that I had
little hope that my garden would come through
without heavy losses. On the whole, such a winter
gives a useful lesson and serves to curb some
rampant growths, which tend to dominate the
garden at the expense of choicer and finer things.
Returning home on the first of May, I found the
bloom of the bulbs was practically over, but the
neighbors said that there had been plenty of tulips,
hy: acinths and scillas. The tall May tulips were
yet to come. Some new crimson Gesnerianas
bloomed well and were extremely handsome, but
the older Darwin and cottage tulips had smaller
OLD COLONY a flowers than usual. This may have come from the
be aly os F splitting and multiplying of the bulbs.

The flower borders seemed in fairly good con-
dition and it was only by degrees that I realized
how many plants were missing from their accus-
tomed places. A special favorite was gone, the
pretty Daphne cneorum, one of the most charming
of early spring flowers, with its low mass of grayish
foliage and heads of deliciously fragrant, rosy pink

bloom.
\\ \ Among the shrubs there were some losses. A
Guaranteed by the largest makers of silverware. ) : row of St. Johnswort (Hypericum Moserianum)
was completely frozen out. Not useful for the
INTERNATIONAL SILVER CO., MERIDEN, CONN. si house, fOr the heavy crown of stamens, which look
puccessortoleridenbritannial Co, Sendo like conventional sunrays, fall off soon after the
NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO flowers are picked, but both for bloom and foliage

they were very ornamental in the garden for several
summers. In the same bed several plants of Abelia
rupestris, dainty dwarf shrubs, survived but with
the loss of a good deal of wood. While of the

azaleas, A. amana, said to be perfectly hardy,

UR SEIS is really made on a all but one were lost, and that Bear frostbitten

farm, in the old-fashioned w ay, member did not bloom. The bloom of the dog-

wood was poor. ‘Three old shrubs standing in a

U DAI RY FARM EX which is still the best w ave row, which have always done renaeeabTe well,

Young milk-fed pork and pure, home- were variously affected. The forsythia did not

ground spices are al] the materials we peo at all, and usualy it is ames of gold. A
3 . i spirea was also badly ni

use. But we are SUSE en guard to pro Hevesen the mock orange. (Philedelonee) was

tect the reputation that our sausage has never so fine. It soared up into the air, bearing

gained in the 25 years we have been masses of snowy flowers. It seemed to have had

making it. just the tonic that suited it. The rose acacia

Each day’s orders are under the shelter of the wall did well, and had many

filled the same day re- lovely rose-colored blooms. The great white

ceived, and every step in deutzia, which has for years been easily the finest

making our sausage is tak- shrub in the garden, was frozen to the ground, but

en under the watchful eye not killed. Of two new shrubs set out in 1911, a

of some member of the Magnolia stellata lived and throve and a Japanese

Jones family. Styrax Obassia was killed. A little Deutzia gracilis

RVolebinn hevermpheraaGros was uninjured, and the dwarf Anthony Waterer

cers who sell it are the best in spirea, which I could cheerfully live without,

their respective localities. Ask came through in perfect health. A crépe myrtle

aiSueeeayet our yaceaees end was killed, but it had been planted without much

our ‘‘standing order plan.” hope of keeping it alive in this treacherous climate.

If your grocer, by not know- Roses in this small garden are spoken of with

ingit, argues himself eornow ny respect. They have never made themselves com-

Bus ers usiand we SM scee icon mon. During the month of April, in Berkeley on the

the farm. San Francisco bay, roses of the rarest and most mag-

MILO C. JONES nificent sorts were blooming con amore. My thoughts

turned many times to my own Lady Roberts,
Bessie Brown, William R. Smith and Magnafrano,

The farm Jones Dairy Farm

in Winter Box 635 Fort Atkinson, Wis. all set out in the fall of t911. It was to be pre-
sumed that I would never see them again. But
though on my return I found they had been frozen

NoveEmMBER, 1912

THE GARDEN

Ij a problem grows in your garden write to
the Readers’ Service for assistance

MAGAZINE 169

uel

LLL 4

Uda

be

SS

SSL

dow Shades

—you can hang them now
at every window

From the million homes where the original Bren-
lin Unfilled Shades are known as the most beautiful
and durable shades made, there has come a repeated
demand for a Brenlin standard of quality in shades
of lower grade for less important windows.

Go to your dealer today and let him show you how
he can supply thisdemand. He now has Brenlin in

Three Grades
priced at 75c, 55c and 25c

(except in the Far West)
for windows of ordinary size (1 yd. wide x2 yds. long)

Brenlin Unfilled—the original Brenlin—should always
be used where length of service and attractive appearance,
are first considerations. For this shade is made of closely
woven cloth without the “filling” that cracks and falls
out in unsightly streaks and ‘‘pinholes’”’. Sun won’t fade it
nor water spot it. It is supple —not stiff, yet always
hangs straight and smooth—and really shades. Made in
many artistic tones. For windows 1 yard wide x 2 yards
long, 75c. Special sizes and Brenlin Duplex— white one
side, dark the other, made to order at proportionate prices.

The two new Brenlin grades, Brenlin Filled at 55c and
Brenlin Machine Made at 25c, for windows 1
yardx2 yds.will be foundby far the best values
in shades at these prices. Cut generously
long and finished with unusual care.

Write for the Brenlin Book Today

It shows actual samples of Brenlin in all
colors, and gives many helpful sugges-
tions for the artistic treatment of your
windows. With it we willsend you the name
of the Brenlin dealerin your town. CHas. W.
BRENEMAN & Co., 2073-83 Reading Road,
Cincinnati, Ohio.

Mail Orders

If no dealer in
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write us and

we will supply
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Don’t Experiment With Roofing [.22%,'5 2& 2°c%, (poling, et 22 i rivet buy good machinery, and to

EPONSET
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has excelled the records of best shingles. A warehouse built in 1898 was torn down last summer with its NEPONSET Paroid Roof
still in good shape. NEPONSET Paroid has outworn tin and metal time and again. _It_is bought by Governments, by Railway
systems— by farmers, because it has proved the most economical roofing. Use NEPONSET Paroid next time.

Write for Our Booklet on Roofing and the name of a NEPONSET dealer

near you. He's a good man to know, Send postal today.

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New York, Chicago, Washington, Portland, Ore. San Francisco, Canadian Plant, Hamilton, Ont.

NEPONSET
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“pS 9 book on rose planting, fertilizing, cultivating,
Rig: cf GOOD S caren FISH pruning, etc.,is combined with ournew Rose
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It also contains photographs in natural col-
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~i
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Tose Specialists+50 years’ experience

Browning and His Century

By Helen A. Clarke

ISS CLARKE is too well known for her earlier works on Brown-

ing to need introduction. Her “Browning’s England’ and
“Browning’s Italy,’’ are delightful and illuminating revelations of the
effect of two lands so widely dissimilar upon the great modern poet.
Her present volume is a fascinating discussion of the interrelation of
the man with his time. Beginning with a chapter on the Battle of Mind
and Spirit, which she finds as the mark of opening of his century, Miss
Clarke takes up such themes as: The Century’s End; Promise of Peace;

Political Tendencies; Social Ideals; Art Shibboleths; Classic Surv:vals and Prophetic Visions.

The volume is immensely suggestive to all who are in the least familiar with the poet; while

to others it will give that which is so difficult to get—a rounded-out notion of the age, the man,

his work and his message.

Coming as it does in the centennial year, the book has an added

significance and it will surely find an appreciative reading at the hands both of those who are
already familiar, and those who are just beginning to know, this master poetic mind of the

toth century. Net,$1.50.

g Books by the Same Author
Browning’s Italy. Illustrated. net $2.00 A Guideto Mythology. [Illustrated . net $r.25
Browning’s England. [Ilustrated. net 2.00 The Poet’s New England. Illustrated net 2.50
Hawthorne’s Country. Illustrated net 2.50 Ancient Myths in Modern Poets. [Illustrated
Longfellow’s Country. Illustrated net 2.50 net 2.10
Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York

5
A ne

Write to the Readers’ Service for
suggestions about garden furniture

170

THE

GARDEN MAGAZINE

From Childhood to Old Age

Kimball Pianos

Are Pleasing in Tone

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of bulbs, shrubs, trees, etc., and fall lawn making will give
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Wizard Brand is sold by ftrst-c.ass seedsmen

NOVEMBER, 1912

to the ground, Bessie Brown and Magnafrano have |
grown and flowered well, in company with Gruss
an Teplitz and some Baby Ramblers, white, pink,
and crimson. The June roses did not bloom at
all, and the climbers, ramblers, Clothilde Soupert,
Mrs. Peary, and some old-fashioned, unknown
roses were all cut down and had few flowers. Even
the old pink hundred-leaf at the foot of the garden, |
a perfect run-about and usually giving hundreds
of roses, was subdued this season. And the rugged
rugosa (a red variety) has looked very anemic.

One of the things most missed in the garden’s
spring bloom was a border of garden pinks, the
Dianthus plumarius, var. nanus, which for years
had made a long strip of vivid color above a low
stone wall. They are so delicious with their clove
scent, and bloom in such gay masses, that they
have come to be indispensable, and must be re-
newed. In another border were red Grenadin
carnations, which had been there for two years.
These I thought would not withstand such a winter,
but where the gay feather pinks succumbed, the
carnations lived and throve, and bloomed better
than ever. They, too, have a strong spicy perfume,
are bright scarlet in color and very double.

Among the lilies, the Siberian coral lily must
have felt entirely at home, and bloomed profusely.
The others were poor, the Madonna lily having
few flowers, and the California, pardalinum and
Humboldtii dropped their buds after they had
formed them. But the grand L. Henryi is tall and
vigorous, with many buds, and the tiger lilies look
fairly well.

Those dear little bulbs, the fritillaries, seemed
quite unhurt. They are planted in a small rockery
which breaks the line of the lawn under a low cement
wall, and they were more charming than ever with
their slender graceful stems and drooping bells,
if that can be properly called a bell which has
angles instead of curves. This tiny rockery has
little woodland plants from the South Mountain, |
with the Carpathian harebell, Pachysandra, white |
arabis and Saxifraga cordifolia, all cold-proof.

The plants along the wall itself had varying
fortunes. A Vitis Coignetlig, set out last year,
and said to be tender, stood the cold well, and has
made a handsome growth. There are few hand- |
somer wall coverings than this vine, and it is said
to color well in the fall. A number of hollyhocks,
grown from California seed, which it was hoped
would make a beautiful showing, were badly used
up. Only a few groups here and there remained.
On the other hand there was a pleasant surprise.
Last summer some chimney bell campanulas,
raised from seed the preceding season, were the
pride of the garden. Until cut down by hard
frost they bloomed, pure white and turquoise blue,
on wands six feet tall, which wreathed themselves
gracefully along the wall. They seeded themselves,
and this year quantities of little ones are growing
in the borders. Tall growing plants are specially
valuable along a wall, and no one who has had the
chimney bells can help loving them. Yet there
are few things more tedious than raising biennials.
They are so short-lived that they must be good
indeed to reward one; but if, like the foxglove and
this campanula they renew themselves, they are
very welcome additions to the borders.

Of course many old standbys are with us — the
Oriental poppies, orange and lemon lilies, the
irises which were never finer, delphiniums, core-
opsis, sunflowers, gaillardias, achillea, feverfew
and blue bells, hardy asters and phlox. Snap-
dragons proved tender, and so did the cherished
English wall flowers. These two beautiful flowers
were almost entirely lost, but the hardy chry-
anthemums, which have been very slow to establish
themselves in this small garden, are unhurt and are
even increasing well.

Maryland.

HELEN A. Hayes.

Growing Cress in a Greenhouse

Wes we built our toy greenhouse in Novem-
ber several years ago, I brought in a few
6-inch pots of water cress roots for winter salads.
For a time it grew well, but our heating system
was a failure and when the cress did not thrive I
put the roots into the bench for trial there. In
May it started well into growth and about July
ist I made my first sales. Before the sales stopped

New Plants
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For this reason get good

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for $1.75.

Thos. Meehan & Sons
Box 16, Germantown, Phila., Pa.

Model Extension
Carnation Support

Endorsed by all the leading
growers of the country as the best
support for carnations made.

Over 3,000,000 in Use
Price 50c per doz., $3.50 per 100

Send for price list and catalogue
of other garden specialties

IGOE BROTHERS
67-71 Metropolitan Ave., Brooklyn,N. Y.

SPRAY Mee Ear

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oMoobwus Se

E are sending each month

to those who request them
“Tittle Talks About Gardens.”
There are a number of reasons why
you should have them if you are in-
terested in gardens—And if you are
not interested now, better send for
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A postal will do it—By the way have you
had our Bulb Catalogue: ask for that too.

J. M. THORBURN & CO.

(110 years in business in New York)

. 33 Barclay St. through to 38 Park Place, New York
SE > Se ee a rare

zs \ XT x = The Readers’ Service will give y
NoOvEMB ER, 1912 THE GARD EN MAGAZ INE eafarmiaheon Pioneer 171

HEATHER MOON

By C. N. and A. M. WILLIAMSON

Guaranteed under the Insecticide Act, 1910. Serial No. 321.
Save your plants and trees. Just the thing for green-
house and out door use—destroys Mealy Bug, Brown and
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Used according to directions our standard Insecticide will
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Non-poisonous and harmless to user and plant. Leading
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Domestic Pets. Excellent as a wash for dogs and other
animals. Relieves mange. Effective where others fail.
+¢ Pint - - 25c; Pint, - - 40c; Quart, - - - 75c;
72 Gallon, $1.25; Gallon, $2.00; 5 Gallon Can, $9.00;

10 Gallon Can, $17.50
Dilute with water 30 to 50 parts

For Sale by Seedsmen and Florists’ Supply Houses

If you cannot obtain this from your Supply House, write us direct

Lemon Oil Company
Dept. L. 420 W. Lexington St., Baltimore, Md.

DO YOU remember ‘‘Set in Silver?”’— nearly everyone

thinks of that charming romance the moment you mention
the Williamsons. It was the gayest and most alluring love
story in motor that ever took its way along the flashing, sea-
bound coast of southern England. Well, this is just another
such, “ The Heather Moon,” except that the authors have
invaded a new land and set a very enjoyable romance
against a background of Scotch heather.

The story opens with Barribel MacDonald, a girl of
nineteen, almost a prisoner in her grandmother's house. She
has been kept in ignorance of her parents, whom she has
never seen. She knows that her father is dead. The attic
of the old house has always been a place of alluring
mystery from which she has been carefully excluded and
when one day she slips in, she learns the truth. That night,
after being sent to her room as a punishment, she rolls what
little treasures she has into a bundle and sets out for London.

Write today for

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Modern Heating”’

A free book that will help you solve your heating

It is the story or her adventures which the Williamsons
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countryside runs through all the pages and there is a very
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Decorated Wrapper and Lining Pages in Colors, Net $1.35

GUESTS OF HERCULES

By C. N. and A. M. WILLIAMSON
BUYERS: LOOK HERE , ;
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Four Illustrations in.Colors and Decorated Wrapper and Lining Pages, Net $1.35

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end for up-to-date price list on varieties.
PETERSON NURSERY, Stock Exchange Building, CHICAGO OTHER WILLIAMSON BOOKS

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THE GOLDEN SILENCE. THE CHAPERON. Illustra- LADY BETTY ACROSS
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REE POM ORI MAID) lize THE (CAR OF DESTINY. Cloth. Net $1.35.

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_
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wo

The Readers’ Service will give yo
suevesianalion the ‘care i foe. siock Ty H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E NoveEMBER, 1912

in September, I had realized more than eight
dollars, at wholesale.

My greenhouse, a lean-to at the east side of the
house, is nine feet long by six wide and opens from
a shed on the north where the heater is located.
There is a bench three feet wide down the east

side and across the south end. The soil is composed
of three parts good field soil, three parts good
o : : ® manure, one part finely sifted coal ashes and one
By Edith Rickert and Jessie Paton part swamp muck. To this is added a certain
amount of bone meal. During the summer I

5 : 0 L b/2..0 used some nitrate of soda.
This admirable collection makes the first attempt at sifting out the Theplass oven ithercressibedeianunchadedatreent

distinctively American poetry from the mass of verse written by Americans | t¢,sun._ On hot days I often use the hose three
) or four times during the morning and wet the soil

but largely influenced by English tradition. Lyrics, the editors believe, | copiously. The brighter and hotter the sun the
f f “ : better the cress grows. You can almost see it
should be judged by the degree to which they reflect personal experiences | spread on a feverishly hot day when the ther-

t I
and phases of our own national life. The poems have been grouped by | moter tung, Well above the hundred mark. J

themes to show the tendencies of our literature and to give a clue to the | 2 pipe from outdoors into the shed, also an east
hes : ; Sipe : door opens into the shed and a north one opens
characteristics and promise of individual writers. outward. A window which opened from the
kitchen into the greenhouse has been taken out;
The selection ranges over a little less than one hundred years and | 2,700" stands open into the shed. The house is
i : : . all down hill from front to back and very small,

includes the best work of the best American poets down to the present time. | and the current of air draws to the front door.
That winter the bed was practically destroyed

3 by snails and earth worms. On March ist I

Cloth Net $1.75; Leather, net $2.50 sifted the soil and cleaned all earthworms out of

the six feet of cress bench; and reset the bench

Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York | With what roots I could save. I added some bone

’ meal and some commercial fertilizer of an ordinary

grade. During dull days I had a fire so as to keep

the temperature at 70 degrees during the day
and so at night.

I have seen no sign of disease of any kind. In-

Spray for More and Better Fruit | Landscape Gardening]

secticides sprinkled on the ground between the
Right spraying is of the biggest importance to rows, about every three weeks, seem to control
MEE Set grower—his aie depend on it, A course for Home-makers and aphis. Slugs or snails have to be hunted for at
n our endeavor to get the best sprayer for use Gardeners taught by Prof. Craig j by i
on our 300-acre fruit f tried nearly & 4 e = night by lantern light.
Brena on aleeraar ie = cheat ontNGr and Prof. Beal, of Cornell Uni- ‘We put twenty-four stalks of cress to a bunch,
eal our experience we invented the versity. picking them about eight inches long. There is only
AE Gardeners who understand up-to- one grocer in our town who can sell cress and he
i CL | PSE date methods and practice are in gives us forty cents a dozen bunches, taking regu-
H demand for the best positions. larly one dozen a week and sometimes two or three
SPRAY PUMP A knowledge of Landscape Gar- dozen. In preparing the cress for market we pick it
It is the only one that meets every require- dening is indispensable to those the night before and submerge it in a pan of water
ment of the fruit grower. It has proved who would have the pleasantest in the ice box. Without this treatment it will not
by actual test to be the best. It has Pror. Crare homes. stand up well in the store during the day.
made money for us by making our trees : O $ @ d A G
produce their best. Let us prove its worth 250 page catalogue free. Write today. ntarlo, Canada. NNA CRANDON.
to you. Write today for free illustrated THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
catalogue. : = D
5 Dept. G. Springfield, Mass.
MORRILL & MORLEY MFG. CO., Box 10, Benton Harbor. Mich. | J Nove mbe T Meetings

We think that every garden owner should
support and visit the local flower show. The

5 exhibitions and meetings of various horticultural
i la nt fo r I m m e d 1 a t e E; f fe Cc t organizations to be held during November, so far
as-we have been able to gather, are as follows:

° Of course there will be other exhibitions, but as
Not for Future Generations the dates are not fixed much in advance we can-

not announce them here.

Start with the largest stock that can be secured! It takes over twenty

Aspury Park, N. J., OcroBER 209-31, 1912 — Chrysan-

years to grow many of the Trees and Shrubs we offer. themum show, Elberon’ Horticultural Society.
ares 2 BALTIMORE, Mb., NovEMBER 18-23, tor2 — Annual ex-
We do the long waiting—thus enabling you to secure Trees and Shrubs that hibition, Maryland State Horticultural Society, Fifth Regi-

ment Armory.
Boston, Mass., NovEMBER 7-10, 1912 — Chrysanthemum
show, Massachusetts Horticultural Society, Horticultural hall.

Cuestnut Hm, Penna., November 1-2 — Thirteenth
A N D O R A N I S E I E Ss Box CHESTNUT HILL, annual exhibition Chestnut Hill Horticultural Society.
G PHILADELPHIA, PA. CLEVELAND, O., NOVEMBER 12-15, 1912 — First exhibi-
5 tion, Ohio Horticultural Society.
WM. WARNER HARPER, Proprietor Guen Cove, L. 1, N. Y., October 29-30, 19r2 — Chry-
santhemum exhibition, Nassau County Horticultural Society.

Gutrport, Miss.— Eleventh annual convention of the
National Nut Growers’ Association, October 30th and 31st,
and November tst.

Ls | . B ° Lonpon, CANADA ‘a panel aan Rendos Horticultural
W =— Society, during the first week cf November.
he reath of the ildwood From Berckmans MAS sO N. J., OcroBER 3I-NOVEMBER I, I912— Seven-
SEES : teenth annual flower show. Morris County Gardeners’ and
Florists’ Society, Assembly Hall.

Mipptepoury, VT.— Vermont State Horticultural Society,
November 20th and atst.

Mr. Kisco, N. Y., OcroBER 31-NOVEMBER 2, 1912 — An-
nual exhibition, Northern Westchester County Horticultural
and Agricultural Society, St. Francis Hall.

New York, NoveMBER 6-8, 1912 — Chrysanthemum
show, Chrysanthemum Society of America, Berkeley Lyceum
Building, 19-21 West Forty-fourth Street.

Sr. Paut, Mryn., NovEMBER 8-12, 1912 — Flower show,
Minnesota State Florists’ Association, Auditorium.

Tarrytown, N. Y., NoveMBER 6-8, 1912 — Fourteenth
annual exhibition, Tarrytown Horticultural Society, Music Hall.

Worcester, Mass., NOVEMBER 7, 1912 — Chrysanthemum
exhibition, Worcester County Horticultural Society, Horti-
cultural Hall. ot

Yonkers, N. Y.—Annual Chrysanthemum exhibition
of the Yonkers Horticultural Society at the Yonkers Armory,
October 29th to 31st. 2

give an immediate effect. Send for Fall price list.

HE most glorious masses of bloom in spring, the freshest, most grate-

ful note of color in winter may be supplied with our broad-leaved ever-

greens. The breath of the mountain and wildwood is borne to your home
when you plant these floral treasures.

Azaleas with great blooms of white, pink, purple, rose and crimson;
magnolias of wondrous fragrance and beanty; kalmias with their showy
clusters, the English laurel, camellias, ligustrums and other rare evergreen
trees and shrubs are awaiting you here.

Let Us Tell You About Our Other Good Things

Write for our catalog. It prices and describes hedge plants, flowering shrubs and shade &
and fruit s and many of the rarest and finest varieties—all grown in Berckmans ‘‘better-than-

Ssary ay
We have a special department for landscape work. Consult us; charges are reasonable.

P. J. BERCKMANS CO., INC., Established 1856 _
Box 1070B, Augusta, Georgia. Fruitland Nurseries

NovemMBeER, 1912

Write to the Read
4 H E G A R D E N M A G A Z I NE For Ae ene aa ae raat a, 173

New Style Book of Dutch Furniture

This valuable booklet is free. It illustrates over three hundred
patterns of Holland Dutch Arts and Crafts furniture—ideal pieces for
every room in your home.

It contains several colored interiors which will aid you in decorat-
ing Arts and Crafts rooms and tells an interesting story about this
elegant furniture and the clever Dutch Craftsmen who fashion it,
imparting to each piece, which bears our branded Trade Mark,
a distinclive touch and individuality.

We will send you the address of our Associate Distributor nearest
you. Call on him and ask to see

Limbert’s Arts and Crafts Furniture

Charles P. Limbert Company
Grand Rapids, Mich. Dept. N Holland, Mich.

ILLETT’S

Hardy Ferns and Flowers
For Dark, Shady Places

Send for my descriptive catalogue
of over 50 pages, which tells about
this class of plants, It’s free.

Edward Gillett, Box F. Southwick, Mass.

A Mess at all Seasons

of fresh M ushrooms Growing in your Cellar

J = 40 cts in postage stamps together with the name of your
* dealer will bring you, postpaid, direct from the
manufacturer, a fresh sample brick of

” Lambert’s Pure Culture MUSHROOM SPAWN
the best high-grade spawn in the market, together with large illustrated book
on Mushroom Culture, containing simple and practical methods of raising,
preserving and cooking mushrooms. Not more than one sample brick will
be sent to the same party. Further orders must come through your dealer.

Address: American Spawn Co., Dept. 2, St. Paul, Minn.

Florida
Water

holds a privileged place
upon every woman’s dress-
ing-table. Its use is a
constant and enduring de-
light. Refreshing beyond
compare when used in the
bath, it should never be
lacking in the home.

Leading Druggists Sell it.
Accept no Substitute!
Sample sent on receipt
of six cents in stamps

Lanman & Kemp
135 Water St. New York

YAVUAH .O

Do You Know Your
O. Henry backward and forward ?

q Most enthusiasts do and they never tire of him. One volume
will make you an enthusiast; it’s the simplest initiation we know of.

@ The time is coming (indeed, it is here now) when the library
which was incomplete without its Bret Harte, Mark Twain, Scott,
and Dickens will likewise be incomplete. without O. Henry.

The Complete O. H. Works

in 12 volumes are now published for the first time. Address
Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden City, N. Y. for full information.

Just Issued: “Rolling Stones”

A new volume drawing largely upon a humorous paper issued in
Texas in the author’s early days. Many fascinating pen drawings
and cartoons by O. Henry.

Titl. é “Options”, net $1.20; “Rolling Stones”, net $1.20; “The Four Million’, net $1.00; “The
Iles ¢ Voice of the City”, net $1.00; “Heart of the West”, net $1.20; “Roads of Destiny”, net

$1.20; “The Trimmed Lamp”, net $1.00; ‘“Cabbages and Kings’, net $1.20; “The Gentle Grafter”,
net $1.00; “Strictly Business”, net $1.20; “Whirligigs”, net $1.20; “Sixes and Sevens”, net $1.20.

A Handsome New Flexible Leather Edition is soon to be
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O. HENRY

Fairfax Roses Unusually well - bred j ol ae ENN S.Y L: VWeA. NIA

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527 S. DIVISION AVE., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH, lar and prices.

If a problem grows in your garden wrile to
the Readers’ Service Jor assistance

THE GARDE

MAGAZINE

THE STEPHENSON SYSTEM OF
UNDERGROUND REFUSE DISPOSAL

SS
Underground
Garbage Receiver

Underfloor

Refuse Receiver

= Spiral Truss Ribbed
Keep garbage odorless ”"? "Ash" Barrel

and out of sight, free

from flies, sun, rain and
animals. Place refuse in gar-
age or cellar underground—
a sanitary fireproof disposal Use an ash can that will
of waste, stand the rough usage.

C. H. STEPHENSON, MFR. 40 Farrar St., Lynn, Mass.

4 >
44> >
TR ADKiMAAR ASS

Garbag che ccelerora are Send for circulars on these and other
Stephenson products. Sold direct.
Nine years on market.

Light weight, rolling
bottom, no unsanitary
corrugations

Money from Mushrooms

There never was a time when
such big, quick, easy and sure profits
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rooms, as today. Learn the great
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Grow mushrooms now if you never thought of doing
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boxes, etc. Any onecan do it. Women and children, too. Now is
best time. Send for this book today; it’s Free.

Bureau of Mushroom Industry, Dept.15, 1342 N. Clark St., Chicago

VY More Water

raised and delivered by the

“American” Centrifugal Pump je

than by others because the
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Every ‘‘American” Centrifu-
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Write for new catalog 120.

THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS

Office and Works, Aurora, Ill.
First National Bank Building, Chicago

———— —— —

Made to order—to exactly match
the color scheme of any room

“You select the color—we'll make

1840 1912

Old Colony Nurseries

the rug.”” Any width—seamless up HARDY SHRUBS, TREES, VINES,
to 16 feet. Any length. Any color

SVE = SENS J S RENN ~
\ tone—soft and subdued, or bright EVERGREENS AND PERENNIALS
and striking. Original, individual,
artistic, dignified. Pure wool or
camel’s hair, expertly woven at
short notice. Write for color card.
Order through your furnisher.

Thread & Thrum Workshop
Auburn, New York

A large and fine stock of well-rooted plants grown

in sandy loam. Good plants; best sizes for plant-
ing, very cheap. Priced catalogue free on appli-
cation. Wholesale and retail.

T. R. WATSON, Plymouth, Mass.

Beautify Your Home with
Choice Evergreens and Shrubbery

Our methods of planting and conducting business enable us to
offer high-grade Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Evergreens, Roses,
Vines, Water-Lilies, Fruit Trees, Herbaceous Plants, etc., at prices
which defy competition.

Send for Illustrated Catalogue
MONTROSE NURSERIES
Montrose, Westchester County

Competent Gardeners

The comforts and products of a country home are _in-
creased by employing a competent Gardener; if you want to
engage one write to us. Please particulars regarding
place and say whether married or single man is wanted. We
have been supplying them for years to the best people every-
where. No fee asked. PETER HENDERSON & CO., Seeds-
men and Florists, 35 and 37 Cortlandt Street, New York City.

The Book of Grasses

By Mary Evans Francis

give

New York

Evergreen windbreaks mean more comfort and less
heating. Out in the full force of thirty-mile breezes, your house
cannot be comfortable. Learn how to make it so by reading
Hill’s Planter’s Guide. Free if you write at once.

THE D. HILL NURSERY COMPANY, Inc,
Douglas Avenue Dundee, Illinois

Your copy of our new Catalog is waiting
to be mailed to you. Shall we send it?

J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY
The Factory of Precision Dept. 285, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

Ready
October
16th

HIS is the first book which takes up in a simple comprehensive way, the common and rare species of
grass. It is written for the amateur, and is the best thing of its kind ever offered.

___ It discovers a wealth of beauty and variety in commonplace spots and shows the astonishing amount
of interesting things in one’s own gardens and the near-by swamps.

The illustrations are very beautiful.

hee - They are the result of painstaking care, and are from original
photographs.

16 full-page color plates.

| Garden City

64 pictures in black and white. Cloth. Net $4.00

Doubleday, Page & Company New York

NoveEMBER, 1912

Shrubs and Vines for Shady
Situations

E HAVE planted shrubs three times around

our house. First in ignorance and high hope;

next with superficial knowledge, and a dash of hope;

and the last time, with experience and zo hope, but

with a real landscape friend to give us courage.

And the following are some of the things we have
planted and the results we have had.

Weigela, in one of the darkest corners of our
house, always blooms profusely in its proper sea-
son. In this same corner, we have Magnolia
stellata and Jew’s mallow (Kerria), which do very
little except grow. The latter attains a height of
about eight feet. The high-bush cranberry (Vibur-
num Opulus) is one of our most successful shrubs,
and blooms wherever we have planted it. In May,
or early in June, the delicate white flowers spread
out wide apart, at the end of every branch, and
remain longer than almost any other bloom. The
fruit looks very much like sprays of cranberries;
it remains on the bush far into the winter, or until
the birds have devoured it. The plant is lovely all
the year round, in leaf, flower, or berry.

The shad-bush (Amelanchier Canadensis) is
another hardy shrub with pure white flowers. Its
fruit is a purple colored berry; the foliage is bright
yellow in the autumn. The Stephanandra flexuosa,
a low-growing shrub and a relative of the spirea,
seems to thrive in the shade. It has dense foliage
and makes a very satisfactory filling-in shrub. We
have many spireas but as they are on the south-
western side of our house and have the sun most of
the day, I cannot say what they might do in the
shade. We like Spirea Van Houttet for high-
massed planting, and nothing is lovelier than the
plants in front of our house in May, when every
branch is literally covered with the fine white
blossoms. I hear some people say that they hate
the Anthony Waterer spirea, but if it is planted in
masses, and below a bank or against a background of
green and not mixed with other colors, it is very
pretty. It has the advantage of blooming almost
all summer, after it once begins in June. By
nipping off the first dried-up blossoms, the bloom
will return, I am told. I have not tried it.

I need hardly speak of the rose of Sharon; who
does not remember it from earliest childhood in
every farm-house yard? Sometimes the only
blooming thing (except the geraniums and dahlias),
as often in dense shade as in the sun, generally
rather straggling, but always full of bloom in
August and September? We have three little
trees planted in a group at our kitchen porch,
and they give a real farm-house touch to the
corner.

The snowberry, next to the high-bush cranberry,
is, I think, our most effective shrub; and it is
evidently even more popular with the birds for,
after its lovely spreading white blossoms, the
sprays of smooth wax-like fruit disappear much
sooner than do those of the cranberry, but they last
late into the winter and combine effectively with the
red of the latter. We have many other shrubs which
deserve only brief mention not because they are
not beautiful but because they have done little here
in our woods. The berberis I have forgotten to
mention, however; that thrives everywhere and is
too satisfactory ever to be omitted.

The laurel and rhododendron (both native and
hybrid) are so entirely at home with us that I had
almost forgotten to think of them as planted. Is
there anything more grateful than their green in

The Read Service i € d
NOVEMBER, 1912 THE GARDE N M A GAZINE tae se ieels #rebareaslg 175

sxe KIPLING 2

q_ Bound in full flexible red leather

Light and convenient to carry, easy to read. Each, net, $1.50

Bue of Pook’s Hill. The Light that Failed.

i d Discoveries. Soldier Stories.

ties Zhat will add Cha Bee SUNS 1G 2 ¢

Rus Gorden Btione The Five Nations. The Naulahka (With Wolcott Balestier).
dust So Stories. Departmental Ditties and Ballads

~ Pots, Boxes, Vases,Sun- im. and Barrack-room Ballads.

The Day’s Work.

Stalky & Co.

Plain Tales from the Hills.

Life’s Handicap; Being Stories of Mine

jals, Benches avd other

ttractive pieces are
shown 772 our Catalogue
which will be maile

Soldiers Three, The Story of the
Gadsbys and In Black and White.

Many Inventions.

From Sea to Sea.

meg Peg uest Own People.
The Kipling Birthday Book. The Seven Seas.
‘GALLOWAY TERRA COITA @e) Under the Deodars. The Phantom Actions and Reactions.

’Rickshaw and Wee Willie Winkie. Rewards and Fairies.

3214 WALNUT.ST. PHILADELPHIA f§

ORCHIDS

Largest importers and growers of
OrcHIps in the United States

LAGER & HURRELL
Orchid Growers and Importers SUMMIT, N. J. ff

A “Kipling Index” will be sent free to any one on request

Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York

I WILL FURNISH

Rhododendron Catawbiense, Balsam Fir, Mountain
Ash, Sand Myrtle, Ferns, Brakes, ete., in any size
and in any quantity. I also will superintend plant-

Let Us Plan Your Garden

Now is the time. To get the most effective grouping of
W trees, shrubbery, vines and plants, the most attractive bor-

ders and inviting vistas, whether on a country estate or a
town lot, take advantage of our winter rates for Land-
scape Plans. Catalog on request. Write today. |

.~. WAGNER PARK NURSERIES
= E SIDNEY, OHnTO

ing if desired.
Write to me and let me quote you prices and send
you interesting information,

James A. Maher, Roan Mountain, Tenn.

FLORICULTURE

Complete Home Study Course in practical Floricul-
ture under Prof. Craig and Prof. Beal, of Cornell /
University. ‘

Course includes Greenhouse Construction and
Management and the growing of Small Fruits and
Vegetables, as well as Flowers Under Glass.

Personal Instruction. Expert Advice.
1

Grow Your Own Vegetables

250 Page Catalogue Free. Write to-day. R |
THE HOME ORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL Prof. Craig Cut down your ae expenses. You'll be astonished how healthful it is Make the Farm Pay
ept. G. F., Springfield, Mass. 7 to cultivate a garden and how easy if you use Complete Home Study Courses in Agriculture,
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©. Adapted to more uses than any other, implement, teachers. Oy er one F huncredy Home ey
| Opens furrows, plants, covers, and marks next row Courses under able professors in leading colleges.
R OSE AND PEONY SPECIALIS T | inone operation. 2 a a 250 pare catalog free. Write to-day. 5
“pi iS arden “ $5
Box 50. FAIR LAWN, N. J. PRE Eee eaten cecalacen tassuteonaes THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
S.L. Allen & Co. Box 11088. Phila. Dept. G. A., Springfield, Mass. Prof. Brooks

LATE FALL PLANTING

May be done in the North if the plants are rightly cared for.
This refers to hardy perennials and bulbs. Deciduous shrubs
and trees, if banked, may be planted until winter.

When perennials are set late they should be in well-drained soil
and protected the first winter. Tulips, narcissus, crocuses, when
set late in the North should be covered enough to keep them
from frost the first third of the winter, so that the new roots
may form. This covering should be removed early in spring.

Ask for Horsford's spring and autumn lists.

F. H. HORSFORD, Charlotte, Vt.

Grayson

Largest xine Stock of
Hardy Plantsin America

Catalogue on Application

“Adventures in Friendship”

“Adventures in Friendship” is an

SoU RSERY EADISSURGH ES: attractive book, rich in insight into char-
25 LARGE SHRUBS WORTH $10 | § 2ter and alive also with the charm which
ONLY $2.90 comes to a man who keeps his eyes open to the magic appeal of nature.”
YOU GET ALL OF THE FOLLOWING —London Standard.

Pe cmnenlevaineteiny wee “Adventures in Contentment”
2 Azalea vaseyi (pink) 2-3 ft. ss 1.50 _—_—_————— rs So ee
By eee en dnc CAS ae cs sou “The proper word to apply to this book is charming, for these little stories of life
ef eB CCAD 2S) rane in a back country village are told with a quiet humor and kindliness that remind one of
2 Euonymus purpurea 3-4 ft. s 350 the days of Mrs. Gaskell and Miss Mitford.” —Indianapolis News.
5 Be ee ae Se ce an Charming illustrations in black and white and full colors by Thomas Fogarty.
i Plclitne eee as Ms 28 New Leather Edition, each volume, Net $1.50
5 CHa tn ee oe Cloth, Net $1.35
*3 Cydonia japonica 2-3 ft. o -75

All first class plants—Send for our catalogue of other

HORTICULTURAL SALES CO. STERRETTS ALA, | | Garden City | DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York

Write to the Readers’

Service for
suggestions about

garden furniture

176

TH Bs GARAD EIN

MAGAZINE

NOVEMBER, 1912

dogs, poultry and live
THE GARDEN MaGaZINE, 11-13 West 32d Street,

Poultry, Kennel and Live Stock Directory

stock will be gladly given.
New York.

Information about the
selection or care of
Address INFORMATION DEPARTMENT,

HEADQUARTERS
|For The Celebrated Hungarian and English

Partridges and Pheasants

BEST GAME BIRDS AT RIGHT PRICES
Have a fine lot of Wild Turkeys. Also Capercailzies,
Black Game, Quails, Rabbits, Deer, etc., for stocking pur-
poses. Fancy Pheasants, Peafowl, Swans, Cranes,
Storks, Ornamental Geese and Ducks, Foxes, Squirrels,
Ferrets, etc., and all kinds of birds and animals.

WENZ & MACKENSEN

DEPT. 55

Pheasantry and Game Park, YARDLEY, PA.

Make Your Hens Lay

Send for and read our book on feeding raw bone. Rich in pro-
tein and all other egg elements. Get tw the eggs, more fertile
eggs, vigorous chicks, earlier broilers, heavier fowls, bigger profits.

MANN’S "225"."OPEL 10 DAYS’ FREE TRIAL Xo Money

In advance.

Makes bone-cutting
easy, rapid. Try it <
Open hopper automatic feed.
Cuts all bone wit
meatand gristle. Ne
Don’t buy ‘until you try.
free.

F. W. MANN CoO.
Box 325 Milford, Mass,

A POSITIVE NECESSITY
CARTER’S
GREEN FOOD FEEDER

Cabbage, Beets, Clover, etc., cap. 1-2 bu.
Can’t injure head or comb. Green food
thrown on floor or in pans is half wasted,
gets foul and spreads disease. Place my
Feeders in your houses this winter, fill with
Green Food and see the hens hustle.

Price 48c. each. $4.75 per dozen deliv-
ered to you. Guaranteed satisfactory or
money refunded.

A. Q. CARTER

FREEPORT, = = MAINE
PAT. APPLIED FOR. AGENTS WANTED

Anyone Can Raise Poultry
with the Colony raving House

Winter or summer, it
is always healthful and
comfortable. Com-
pletely protects against
rats, cats, skunks,
hawks, ete. In stormy
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One man can easily
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chickens in the Colony
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We carry a complete line of poultry houses.

Write today for free Poultry Catalogue.

E.F. HodgsonCo., Room 311, 116 Washington St., Boston, Mass.

How I Bred $50 to
$1600 in Two Years

I want to tell you how one man took FIFTY DOLLARS' worth of MY KIND OF
POULTRY and in two years multiplied them to SIXTEEN HUNDRED DOL-
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vincing story TOLD BY THE MAN HIMSELF. You can dothesame, or start
smaller and grow. More experiences of the same kind, illustrated. Ask me
for the book. It is free.

RICE, 151 Howard Street, MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS,

Pric
Size 10 x 4 feet, 5 feet high,

Learn this immensely rich business;

=: We teach you; easy work at home;

everybody succeeds. Start with our
Jumbo Homer Pigeons and your success is assured.
Send for large Illustrated matter. Providence
Squab Company, Providence, Rhode Island.

NO MONEY
IN ADVANCE

The “Dandy” is the easiest oper-
ated, best built, fastest cutting
green bonecutter made. Sold on
AND UP 15 days’ free trialwith a broad guarantee.
If it suits keep it, if not, send it back.
Stratton Mfg. Co., Box 24, Erie, Pa.

Free catalog.

Building Site Overlooking the Hudson

About 300x600 feet, 20 rods from N. Y. Central Station.
Grand elevation—superb_ outlook—river view for 4 miles.
Catskill and Shawengunk Mts. in the distance. Nothing like
it for 4o miles. Finest garden soil, gentle slope. Many fine
maples, elm, cedar, apple, cherry, and nut trees, superior
building stone, etc., etc. All for $2,800. A rare chance for a
beautiful peaceful home—where life is worth living. (I have
other places and farms.) Address

1 A. T. COOK, Agent, Hyde Park-on-the-Hudson, N. Y.

A Shetland Pony

—is an unceasing source
of pleasure. A safe and
a ideal playmate. Makes
the child strong and of
robust health. Inexpensive
to buy and keep. Highest
/ types here. Complete outfits.
Entire satisfaction. Write
for illustrated catalog.
BELLE MEADE FARM
> Dept. 15, Markham, Va.

Delight the
Child’s

My stock of pigs and hogs was
never better. If you want the
best all-around breed raise

Jersey Reds

Fatten easily and quickly, small boned,

long bodied, vigorous, prolific. Meat
unsurpassed, Choice offerings now.

All pigs and hogs y accinated
with serum. Write to-day for free
catalog.

Arthur J. Collins, Box T, Mises N.J.

Large Berkshires
at Highwood

No animal good enough unless
large enough. Selected individ-
uals all ages for sale.

Visitors always welcome and
met at train if expected.

H. C. & H. B. Harpending
Dundee, N. Y.

AIREDALE FARM KENNELS
Spring Valley, N. Y.

Mr. Howard Keeler, Owner.

The largest and most complete home for Registered
AiredaleTerriers in America.

The Best Chum for Children

and the only reliable guardian for the home.
Stock of all ages for discriminating buyers. Jf we
can’t please you nobody can.

===. COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE
rR » Half the Cost — with the

PROFIT FARM BOILER

With Dumping Caldron. Empties its kettle in
one minute. e simplest and best arrange-
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Dairy and Laundry Stoves, Water and Steam
Jacket Kettles, Hog Scalders, Caldrons, etc.
(<}"Send for particulars and ask for circular L

D. R. SPERRY & CO. Batavia, Ill.

winter, or more glorious than their bloom in sum-
mer? We have seven or eight very large beds.

In the woods, the true resting-place of- these
shade-loving shrubs, the number of trees growing
together is enough protection for each other from
the wind and the sun. But when transplanted it is
very necessary to protect them in winter. Espec-
ially is the sun in winter more often a cause for their
failure to survive than too severe cold. If they
are in an exposed position, partially cover them
with leaves and branches of evergreens to prevent
sun-scald and injury from frost and snow. Also,
because they must have moisture in a protracted
drought, it is absolutely necessary to soak them
even when they are well established, as they will
be weakened, and maybe cannot survive the
winter, although at the time they will not show how
much they are suffering.

Whenever our rhododendron (w. hich is the native
Catawbiense), looks droopy, we turn the hose full
into each bed for a whole day, alternating, until
the drought is over.

In digging the beds we made them three feet
deep, filling them in with rich lower woods soil and
judicious mixing with rich compost and chopped
turf. If the soil is hard or heavy, use sand to make it
light and porous; for the rhododendron makes
many fine, almost hairy roots, which do not pene-
trate rapidly into the ground if it is too heavy.
Although it is well to cover the beds with leaves,
to help retain the moisture, the leaves must not
become too thick, or too packed, and occasionally
we take off the covering and rake on new leaves.

In regard to “vines,” as we here in America erron-
eously call them, our greatest success has undoubt-
edly been the English ivy, which has a full northern
exposure. At first we were somewhat despairing,
for each wind that came tore the weak little tendrils
of the young plants away from their wall. Finally
it took hold, and excepting to dig around it and
add a little nourishment occasionally, we do
nothing, now, but nip back the tips of each new
growth, so that it will spread. This I never fail
to do as I pass by, or even, as often happens, when
I look out of a second or third story window. One
interesting proof that the ivy likes the shade has
been shown in comparing the sunny with the dark
side of our house. Under the same conditions of
planting and care, we have found it almost imposs-
ible to make any ivy grow on the south side of the
house, and we have finally discovered that the sun
on the wall creates too much heat for this lover of
cool, moist shade.

The Boston ivy has struggled along in the
shade, never quite dying, but never thriving,
and the wistaria, which is also on the north side,
we supposed each year was breathing its last; but
last year, it gaspingly reached the roof of the house,
and the minute it saw the sun over in the south-
west, it knew that life was worth while, and burst
forth into exquisite blossom. I think it did not
like the shade, and simply lived im spite of its
situation.

Climbing roses, trumpet-vine and woodbine all
love sunlight, but hold on to life, in spite of the
shade, and with care in the beginning, will grow,
until like the wistaria, they have seen the sun,
when your worries for them are over.

New York (Mrs.) JoHN B. Mies.

Another Umbrella Admirer

N READING tthe article in THE GarpENn
Macazine for last November on Umbellifere,
I felt that I must tell you that the ‘‘umbrella-
bearers” have another admirer in this country. I
am curator of a wild botanic garden in Minneapolis,
Minn., where refuge is given to various ornamental
plants commonly unnoticed, because they grow
without cultivation. In connection with my work
I had occasion last summer to write the following
about Heracleum lanatum:

“Tt seems necessary to write a word in favor of
what are usually called weeds, which may be
defined as plants out of place, growing where we
wish something else to grow. The accompanying
print of the cow parsnip (Heracleum lanatum)
shows fine decorative possibilities. A rampant
growth of this plant gave character to a certain
roadside. Barely an hour after the photograph
was taken the plants were mown down and nothing

NovEMBER, 1912

Princess Rags

and Tatters

By Harriet T. Comstock

The Princess was not a real one. She
just made-believe she was a princess, but
everyone looked admiringly at her. There
must have been some magic in it for she
helped, never mind how, to find a little
boy’s grandfather for him, and she found
her own beautiful garden that she had
never really seen except in dreams.

Every child will like this story. It is
written in the author’s most charming
manner. Many children have read Mrs.
Comstock’s ‘Molly the Drummer Boy.”
This is just as delightful. Illustrated in
colors.

Cloth. Net 75 cents.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
Garden City, New York.

BURPEE Sooo cass

Leading American Seed
Catalog,’’ for 1912 - address BURPEE, Philadelphia.

Prepare for next Spring by sending for our
catalog of Garden Tools. Address Dept. 1.
AMES PLOW CO., BOSTON, MASS.

=]LOOK OUT
| FOR SPARKS

No more danger or damage from flying
sparks. No more poorly fitted, flimsy fire-
place screens. Send for free booklet
“Sparks from the Fire-side."’ It tells about
the best kind of a spark guard for your in-
dividual fireplace. Write to-day for free
booklet and make your plans early.

The Syracuse Wire Works

107 University Avenue, - Syracuse, N. Y.

ry Life In America

is all you could desire, if you use

“ECONOMY” GAS

For Lighting, Cooking, Water Heating,
Laundry, etc.

“It makes the House a Home’’

Write today for circular.

Economy Gas Machine Co., Rochester, N. Y.

“Economy” Gas is Automatic, Sanitary and Not Poisonous

The Readers’ Service gives
information about investments

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

metal hopper

full of

~e
I will give you, through
your dealer, this practi-
cal, serviceable, well
made metal hopper,
chock full of Purina Chicken Chowder, both for 30 cents. I
make this remarkable offer solely to get you acquainted with
the egg-producing powers of Purina Chicken Chotwwder—a dry egg-
laying mash consisting of approximately the same chemical ingredients found in
an egg. It is composed of alfalfa, granulated meat, middlings, bran, corn meal,
linseed meal and charcoal.

“If Chicken Chowder won’t make your hens lay, they

must be roosters”

Chicken Chowder assures you an abundance of eggs during the fal/ and winter,
when prices are highest. Ask your feed

=
Ne,

> You cannot afford to be without it.

® dealer or grocer today for a metal hopper full of Purina Chicken Chowder.
LR? This offer is made through dealers only east of the Rocky Mountains. If your
wo dealer cannot supply you, let me know his name.

3} Valuable Poultry Book FREE

\ fj In return for your dealer’s name I will send you my 48 page
) Purina Book, with ruled forms for egg records and accounts,
plans of houses, coops, fixtures, etc., cures of diseases,
breeding charts, etc. Write today.

Col. Purina, Ralston Purina Mills
829 S. Eighth Street St. Louis, Mo.

There’s Money in Poultry My Mission Is

eaeone study jcoursele in Practical Poultry the care of trees from planting to picking the fruit,

under Prof. has. K. Graham, late of the i ne ics > of servi scientific. ve

Connecticut Agricultural College, teaches how to using practical methods of service, scientific, yet
at prices satisfactory to farmers, and commercial

make poultry pay.
Personal instruction. Expert Advice growers. The season of orchard renovation is
near at hand.

250 Page Catalogue free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. P., Springfield, Mass.

Your inquiry is weleome.

Garrett M. Stack, Horticulturist, Still River, Conn.

Prof. Graham.

**Hammonds Grape Dust”?

used effectively to kill Mildews
on Roses and other plants.
Sold by the Seed Dealers: For pamphlet on Bugs and Blights

address

Hammonds Paint & Slug Shot Works

Fishkill-on-Hudson,
NEW YORK

The Readers’ Service will give you
suggestions jor the care of live-stock

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

NovemBeR, 1912

Object: Matrimony

By MONTAGUE GLASS

In this little romantic comedy of the marrying
of the Goldblatt sisters, Mr. Glass has done
one of his most enjoyable stories.

How Philip Margolius was intended for
Fanny’s husband and aroused paternal ire by
balking at her moustache, is told with the
humor that has made this author’s stories
famous. Frontispiece. Net 50 cents.

By the same Author

POTASH AND PERLMUTTER. Illustrated.
Net $1.20.
ABE AND MAWRUSS. Illustrated.
Net $1.20.
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
Garden City New York

F LOWERS) in WINTER

For forcing blooms on potted plants or
flowers in greenhouses, use nature’s best
plant food.

ws Sheep’s Head Brand of Sheep Manure

Pulverized. Can be used easily as a top dressing, in
liquid form or mixed with the soi!. Will not cause
black spot. Free from weed seed. Send for booklet
and prices. Natural Guano Co., Dept. 15, Aurora, Ill.

By E.F. BENSON
*‘Mrs. Ames’’

q Here is another inimitable picture
of English society which is a real
transcription from life.

q That English social set which the
author knows so well, is portrayed,
and there is a delightful love story
told with all the Bensonesque appeal.

S

ATS
Borers

Net, $1.35
By the Same Author
Se
THE OSBORNES. = - - Net $1.20
THE SHEAVES. = = = - Net 1.40
ACCOUNT RENDERED. - Net 1.20
THE FASCINATING MRS. HALTON. r
Illustrated. Net 1.20
MARGERY. - = - = - Net 1.20
THE CLIMBER. = Illustrated. Net 1.40
A REAPING. - - - Net 1.25
THE BLOTTING BOOK. = - Net 1.00

Doubleday, Page & Company
Garden City, New York

The cow parsnip (Heracleum lanatum) would often
be more decorative than the castor bean

left in their place but monotonous stubble. A
plea, therefore, is offered for the next season —
O, scytheman, spare this weed! It is harmless and
does its best to make glad the waste places. It is
named for the god Hercules on account of its
sturdy habit. Compare it with the over-used
castor bean that occupies the central post of honor
in ornamental mounds of flowers. Has it not as
vigorous a growth, are not the leaves as large and
finely formed, and the flowers as beautiful as those
of the favored imported bean?”’

Sium cicutaefolium is another “ good-looker.”
I wish you had mentioned the wild carrot, or
Queen Anne’s lace. It is a troublesome weed in
New England, but the inflorescence has an un-
equaled, delicate, filmy beauty. I know of noth-
ing finer for bouquets. The purple flower in the
centre of each umbel is a quaint feature, and when
the plant goes to seed the outer stalks of the flower
cluster elongate, so that the umbels look like
grayish-green birds’ nests.

I am also fond of the marsh pennywort (Hydro-
cotyle Americana), a delicate, creeping plant,
with a round, scalloped leaf about the size of a

penny. It is an excellent ground cover for bogg
brooksides.
Massachusetts. ELotse BUTLER.

The Only Native Globe Flower
Waa ean =e it is both modest and pallid be-

side its gorgeous Asiatic and European
cousins, the only globe flower that America can
claim as its own, Trollius laxus, is a worthy garden
ornament. It forms handsome foliage clumps, a
foot high, and is a free bloomer. ‘The flowers,
smaller and less globular than those of the foreign
types, are yellowish white.
Connecticut. Ba iG:

Trollius laxus grows about a foot high and pro-
duces freely its yellowish white flowers

Left in Charge

Victor Whitechurch

Of simple charm and appealing quality
is this tale of the adventures of a new
curate in a village just outside London.
What happens during the old Vicar’s
absence is told with many touches of
humor and keen character drawing.
Cloth, net $1.20

Books by Victor Whitechurch

Cloth, net $1.20
Concerning Himself. Cloth, net $1.2 °
Off the Main Road. Cloth, net $1.25

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.

GARDEN CITY NEW YORK

DAHLIAS

Write now for a free copy
Geo. L. Stillman, Dahlia Specialist, Westerly, R.I., Box C-3

The Canon in Residence.

1913 cotelcene will
be_ ready for mailing
in January.

$500 Quick Net Profit per Acre Growing
Wilder Currants

One dozen bushes set in the back yard now, will supply fruit ‘
next summer for the family, and stock from which to pro- »
duce a vast number of new bushes, thus proving and open-
ing the way for permanent, profitable business. Full
information free with every order. Two year old bushes

$1.50 per doz., $6 per 100, C.O.D. with privilege to examine.
Satisfaction guaranteed. Valley Farm Co., Newburgh, N. Y.

Boilers for Sale

Two boilers for greenhouse or other heating purposes—-6 ft, in diameter,
with 16 horizontal return tubes. When these boilers were discontinued
the Hartford Boiler Company authorized a pressure of 72 pounds.
Discontinued because of installation ofhigh pressure service. Price rea-
sonable. For full particulars with price, address

Swift’s Lowell Fertilizer Company, Lowell, Massachusetts

Rigid Main Frame
Forged
eage
Disks

Hard-

wood
Scientific Fournal.
tillage

makes large
crops almost certain.
You can grow bumper
crops every year by
using

Cutaway
Dovste Action Harrows

They are intensive tillers—They are makers of bumper crops. This is because:
hey pulverize the soil finer than other harrows. Let us tell you how they do it..

Ask for Catalog and D. A. Circular.

Cutaway Harrow Co. 902 Main St., Migganum, Conn.
Makers of the original CLARK double action harrows

FARMING Hust

BY MAIL

Truck Farming Vegetable Gardening, Fruit growing, Poultry, Flowers
Greenhouse, General Farming, Small-farm Course, Dairying, Soils and
Fertilizers, Crops, Stock, Farm Management, Farm Book- -keeping, Dry
| Farming, Course for Teachers of Agr., Farm Veterinary, Writing for
Farm Papers, Mushrooms, Ginseng, ‘etc. Which course interests you?

Valuable Book Absolutely Free

“How to Make the Farm Pay More”
Courses for actual and prospective farmers, in country. village, or city,
y whether you own a farm, garden, city or suburban lot, or expect to.
safe way out for city man longing to get back to the farm. _ More profits
for the farmer. Faculty 21 leading experts. Students in every state.
Just the opportunity youhave been wanting—fo learn at home. FREE
sample lesson on request. (No agents.) :Send today for temporary low
rate and convincing proof.

O ird Buildi
American Farmers’ School wivncarotis, Mi!

(Original and largest Correspondence School of Agriculture)

UR handsomely _ illus-
trated 19/2 Garden Guide

is being mailed.

Did you receive a copy >?

It's free. A postcard will
bring it. It contains a com-
plete list of bulbs for fall
planting, with full cultural

directions.

Write for this Garden Guide.
It will both help and enthuse
you.

Arthur T. Boddington

SEEDSMAN
340 West 14th Street New York City

IT 1S NOT TOO LATE

For Planting

DUTCH BULBS

Tf You Order Quickly
TULIPS, HYACINTHS, NARCISSI, ete.
Also
PEONIES, LILIES and PERENNIAIS
Send for Catalogue without delay.
FRANKEN BROTHERS

Deerfield Illinois
Nurseries also at Sassenheim, Holland

$30,000 for One Crop
From a 9-Year Old Chestnut Orchard

Plant for profit or for decoration—plant a thousand trees or a single one—this
wonderful Sober Paragon Chestnut will pay you more in dol-
lars and in satisfaction than anything else you could plant.

$6 to $8 a bushel these magnificent nuts bring in open
market. They are as big as large-sized plums, averaging 1
to 2 inches in diameter, and as sweet and delicious as the
smaller Native American Sweet Chestnut. Sober Paragon is
the only Mammoth Chestnut in the world that is sweet and
entirely free from puckery flavor.

SOBER PARAGON

MAMMOTH SWEET CHESTNUT

An orchard of these remarkable nuts pays almost from the start, the
trees are such rapid growers and prolific bearers. A single 5-year old
tree grew 500 burrs in 1 year—3 to 5 huge nuts in each burr. (Begin
bearing immediately). 20 burrs were counted on this small 3-year old tree.

Magnificent trees for park or lawn, they make quick, hardy, symmetrical growth, §
with luxuriant spreading foliage, clean trunk and stately appearance. Immune from ¥

arasitic blight. . 9 5
SRE Every tree shipped is a bearing tree.

FREE BOOKLE Testimony from growers, produce commission merchants,

forestry experts, ete., given in our booklet, to-
gether with prices and particulars—mailed free on request. We own
exclusive control ofthis variety and every tree bears our metal tag
with the trade-mark name, “Sober Paragon.”

GLEN BROS. Sy eee ae 1866

RR a eS Oe SE MSS

ROCHESTER, N. Y.

2Z20Years of Service Without Repairs

Thousands of ‘‘Reeco’”’ Water Systems have equaled that record and are
still giving efficient service. The “Reeco” holds all records for delivering full
service year after year without breakdowns or repairs. And from the stand-
point of efficiency and economy, the only system you can afford to install is the

“REECO™ Water Supply System

Equipment for factories, hotels, farms, country houses, backed by 70 years’
reputation and 50 thousand systems now in use. Operated by ‘Reeco”’ Electric
and Gasoline Pumps or the famous “‘Reeco’’ Rider and ‘‘Reeco”’ Ericsson Hot
Air Engines. What are your needs; let us tell you how to meet them—and the
cost to a penny.

Write nearest office for catalogue U

RIDER-ERICSSON ENGINE CO.

New York. Boston. Philadelphia, Montreal, P.Q. Sydney, Australia

*Reeco” Centrifugal Pump

Now or Never!!

Allspring-flowering bulbs
should be planted before
the close of November.
Don’t delay if you want
yOu Garden gay next
spring. We have the best
of everything in spring-
flowering bulbs:

Hyacinths, Tulips, Narcissus, Jonquils,
Snowdrops, Crocus, Lily-of-the-Valley,
Squills, Lilies, Iris, etc. Also the best and
most complete line of Old-fashioned
Hardy Plants—Hardy Climbers, Hardy
Shrubs and other plants that should be
planted in the Autumn. All are fully
described in our Autumn Catalogue.
Sent free on application.

HENRY A. DREER

PHILADELPHIA

Just Suppose

You were many thousands of dollars in debt;
That you were disowned by your father;

That you had been used to luxury and frequented
the most fashionable hotels here and abroad;
And suddenly found yourself on the streets,
penniless

Would you make good in eighteen months,
own a newspaper and be mayor of a town

of 40,000 people ?

That’s what Arthur Howard did. He pulled himself
up by the boot-straps. Read his own story—it’s true.

THE MAN WHO BUCKED UP

By ARTHUR HOWARD All Book-shops. Net, $1.00

ARTHUR HOWARD

Victor-Victrola

The complete line ]

of Victor-Victrolas 2s
Each year has witnessed important =
improvements in the development of @
these wonderful musical instruments,
and with the complete line now on
exhibition and sale at all Victor és
dealers, it is certainly well worth your ‘
time to at least see and hear them.
In no other way can you fully inform
yourself so easily. 4
Any Victor dealer in any city in the world :

will gladly play any music you wish to hear
and demonstrate to you the Victor-Victrola.

i Victor Talking Machine Co., Camden, N. J., U. S. A.
bs Berliner Gramophone Co., Montreal, Canadian Distributors
A 2
iL)
: \ Always use Victor Machines with Victor Records
NASEO NEE CIES, 229015, SEAN and Victor Needles — the combination. There is
Mahoganyjor quartered oaks no other way to get the unequaled Victor tone.

Victor Steel Needles, 6 cents per 100
Victor Fibre Needles, 50 cents per 100 (can be repointed
and used eight times)

The instrument by which the value of

all musical instruments is measured Other Styles, $15, $25, $40

shen Ac /
Victor -Victrola e X, $75 Victor-Victrola @ XI, $100 Victor-Victrola ™ XIV, $150

Mahogany or oak Mahogany @ or oak Mahogany © or oak

New Victor Records are on sale at all dealers on the 28th of each month.

THE COUNTRY LIFE PRESS..GARDEN CITY. NEW YORK __

eG oe ee
DECEMBER Sixty Suggestions for New Gardens 15 Cc
, 1912 ©

The Romance of Our Hawthorns $1.500a ene
Vol. XVI. No.5 he

Ve
Seth, Y

OUNTRY LIFE 7 THE WORLD'S
TNT ANAC DICA eave A ss ath WORK

BOBBINK & ATKINS

World’s Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products

HE proper way to buy

is to see the material

growing. We shall
gladly give our time and
attention to all intending
purehasers visiting our
Nursery and invite every-
body interested in improv-
ing their grounds to visit
us. Our Nursery consists
of 300 acres of highly cul-
tivated land and a large
area covered with green-
houses and storehouses,
in which we are growing
Nursery and Greenhouse
Products for every place
and purpose.

DECIDUOUS TREES and
SHRUBS. We grow many
thousands of Ornamental
Shade Trees and Flowering
Shrubs in all varieties and
sizes. A visit to our Nursery will convince you of the quality of our immense stock.

HARDY OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS.
fashioned kinds. Special prices on quantities.
TRAINED, DWARF and ORDINARY FRUIT TREES and SMALL FRUITS. We
grow these for all kinds of fruit gardens and orchards.

HEDGE PLANTS.
shrubs for hedges,

We have thousands of rare new and old-

We grow a large quentity of California Privet, Berberis and other

WE PLAN and PLANT GROUNDS and GARDENS EVERYWHERE.

MONTCLAIR STATE NORMAL SCHOOL—A view of one of our plantings.

BOXWOOD IN TUBS.

We grow thousands of plants in many shapes and sizes.

HARDY TRAILING and
CLIMBING VINES. We have
them for every place and pur-
pose.

BULBS AND ROOTS. We
import quantities of Bulbs
and Roots from Japan, Hol-
land and other parts of Europe.

Our Special AUTUMN
BULB CATALOG will be
mailed free upon request.

POT-GROWN STRAW-
BERRIES. We raise thou-
sands of pot-grown Straw-
berries in all the leading and
popular varieties.

BAYTREES, KENTIAS,
PHOENIX, Decorative
Plants for Conservatories,
Interior and Exterior Deco-
orations. We grow these
in quantities for house and
greenhouse decoration.

Every-

body loves the rich green color and delicate aroma of old-fashioned boxwood.

PLANT TUBS, WINDOW BOXES and ENGLISH GARDEN FURNITURE. We

manufacture all shapes and sizes.

OUR NEW GIANT FLOWERING MARSHMALLOW. Everybody should be interested

in this Hardy New Old-fashioned Flower.
the queen of flowers in the garden.

* OUR ILLUSTRATED GENERAL CATALOG No. 25 DESCRIBES OUR PRODUCTS.

BOBBINK G& ATKINS

Nurserymen, Florists and Planters

@ The man
who has helped
the East to
know the West

Stewart

Edward
White

“The Adventures of Bobby Orde”

“Tn one sense it is the finest thing the Grand Rapids novelist has done.
It shows a finer and sweeter knowledge of human nature than any of his
big novels of the lumber woods and of adventures by sea and land. He
has gone straight to the heart and motives of the normal healthy child,
and that is why, while it is the story of a boy, it is very much a story for
grownups and will appeal inerringly to every man who has not forgotten
his queer impulses, his bashfulness and his devoted friendship and little
chivalries while he was himself a boy.—Grand Rapids Evening Press.”

Illustrated. Fixed price, $1.20 (postage 12c.).
“The Rules of the Game”

“Tt is full of adventure, and has a climax of absorbing interest.’’—St.
John Globe.

Iilustrated. Fixed price, $1.40 (pestage 15c.).

“The Cabin”

*** The Cabin’ has somehow captured the spell of the wild woods and
the brooding peace of the mountains. ‘The Cabin’ is gotten up in
the style that charms one utterly before the first page is read, and the
illustrations make you feel perfectly wild to be up and away to the
Sierras.” — Lexington Herald.

Illustrated. Net, $1.50 (postage 15c.).
GARDEN CITY Doubleday, P age & Co. new york

Pocket

It will grow everywhere and
Blooms from July until the latter part of September *

KIPLING

when in bloom is

VISITORS—Take Erie Railroad to Carlton Hill.

RUTHERFORD, N. J.

Edition

@ Bound in full flexible red leather

Light and convenient to carry, easy to read,
Each net, $1.50

# Puck of Pook’s Hill
f Traffics and Discoveries
1 The Five Nations
‘ Just So Stories
1 Kim
The Day’s Work
Stalky & Co.
§ Plain Tales from the Hills
Life’s Handicap: Being Stories of
Mine Own People
The Kipling Birthday Book
Under the Deodars. The Phantom
H «= Rickshaw and Wee Willie
Winkie

The Light that Failed

Soldier Stories

The Naulahka
Balestier)

Departmental Ditties and Ballads
and Barrack-room Ballads

Soldiers Three, The Story of the
Gadsbys and In Black and
White

Many Inventions

(With Wolcott

From Sea to Sea

The Seven Seas
Actions and Reactions
Rewards and Fairies

1A “Kipling Index” will be sent free to any
one on request

| Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York

DECEMBER, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

\ HIS MASTERS VOICE"

REG.U.S. PAT, OFF.

Victor-Victrola IV, $15
Oak

Victor.Victrola IX, $50

Mahogany or oak

Victor-Victrola 5 XVI, $200

Mahogany or quartered oak

You can search the whole world over and not find

another gift that will bring so much pleasure to every
member of the family.
Any Victor dealer in any city in the world will gladly play any music
you wish to hear and demonstrate to you the wonderful Victor-Victrola.
Victor Talking Machine Co., Camden, N. J., U.S. A.

Berliner Gramophone Co., Montreal, Canadian Distributors.

New Victor Records are on sale at all dealers on the 28th of each month.

The Readers’ Service will give information about automobiles

DECEMBER, 1912

THE

GARDEN MAGAZINE

“TALK: OF-THE- OF

CHRISTMAS LISTS

It’s a pity, of course, to have to consider
money at Christmas time, and to arrange
this list of possible Christmas presents by
their cost may seem materialistic, but possibly
very convenient as well. Of course this selec-
tion is so incomplete that we would like to
send a catalogue if you are willing to look at it
during this busy season. Still, “‘stay at home”
shopping has its advantages.

We could descant for a year and a day on
reasons. why books, magazines, and pictures
make better presents than more perishing
things, but we fear that our motives might
be misunderstood, and we will let it go with
the statement that the things mentioned
below are worthy of Christmas giving, and
that we will take any of them back if you do
not agree with our judgment.

The books are all for sale by booksellers
everywhere, or they will always be sent on
approval by Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden
City, Long Island. N. Y.

Last year at this time the Doubleday-Page
Art Company was selling a wide list of im-
ported photogravures, but the raising of the
price by the English publishers who supplied
them to us would increase the price to our
customers 200 per cent or more, so we aban-
doned the business. The selection is not
complete, but we will supply those remaining
at such low prices that it will pay you to send
for a beautiful little catalogue which shows
the stock available.

See also yellow pages of magazine offers
printed among the advertising pages of this
magazine —a host of Christmas presents in
these magazine lists.

FOR 50 CENTS

Books which cost no more than fine Christ-
mas cards, and last much longer.

BrotHERLY House, by Grace S. Richmond.

On CuHristMAsS Day IN THE MorRNING, by Grace S.
Richmond.

On CuHristMAs Day IN THE EVENING, by
Richmond.

Tue Bust oF Lincotn, by James Francis Dwyer.

Mapame MESANGE, by F. Berkeley Smith.

Oxpjyect: Matrmony, by Montague Glass.

Let ME Fert Your Putse, By O. Henry.

Grace S.

“To business that we love we rise betime
And go to ‘t with delight.’’ — Antony and Cleopatra.

Tue Girt OF THE WISE MEN, by O. Henry.

Tue Boy WuHo Broucut Curistmas, by Alice Morgan.
Purtrnc ON THE Screws, by Gouverneur Morris.
PETER AND Potty, by Elizabeth Hays Wilkinson

Ir —, by Rudyard Kipling. Leather Binding.

FOR 80 CENTS

Charming dainty leather books:
Lirtre Masterpieces OF Poetry Edited by Henry
Van Dyke:
I. Batitaps OLtp anp NEw.
II. IpyLis AND STORIES IN VERSE.
III. Lyrics.
IV. Oprs, SONNETS AND EPIGRAMS.
V. D&ESCRIPTIVE AND REFLECTIVE VERSE.
VI. ELrecres anp Hymns.
Tue Best oF THACKERAY. THE BEST OF POE.
Tue Best or HAWTHORNE. THE Best oF LAMB.
Tue Best or LINCOLN. Tue Best OF IRVING.
CAP AND BELL SERIES:
In JestTInG VEIN THe Comepy Mask
WitH Cap AnD BELL Just In Fun
WitH THE WITS In Goop Humor

FOR $1.00

Selected from a host of others because of
their appropriateness:

Tue INTERNATIONAL Cook Book,
Filippini. Formerly $5.

THE CoMPLETE HOUSEKEEPER, by Emily Holt.
merly $4.

Tuer ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ETIQUETTE, by Emily Holt.
Formerly $2.50.

By Alexander

For-

FOR $1.25

Bound in suede leather.

Bos, Son oF BATTLE, by Alfred Ollivant.
THE SPANISH JADE, by Maurice Hewlett.
Monsieur Braucarre, by Booth Tarkington.

FOR $1.35
This fall’s new books.

Tue Soppy, by Sarah Comstock.

Tue Winp BEFORE THE Dawn, by Dell H. Munger.
Tue Lure or Lire, by Agnes and Egerton Castle.
Tue HeatHer Moon, by C. N. & A. M. Williamson.

FOR $1.40
Soncs From Booxs, by Rudyard Kipling.
ALICE IN WONDERLAND, illustrated by Arthur Rack-

ham.
FOR $1.50
This year’s books.

Tue Street or Two Frienps, by F. Berkeley Smith.
Asop’s Fastes, illustrated by Arthur Rackham.

ADVENTURES IN FRrreNpsHIP, by David Grayson.
Leather Edition.

FICE: |

————S1

Tue Pouttry Boor.
Tue Doc Book, by James Watson. Formerly $5.00.

A year’s subscription to THE GARDEN MaGAzINE
(2 years for $2.25, three years for $3.)

FOR $1.60
Some beautiful leather books.

Tuey, by Rudyard Kipling.

Tue BrusHwoop Boy, by Rudyard Kipling.
FRECKLES, by Gene Stratton-Porter.

A Girt oF THE LIMBERLOST, by Gene Stratton-Porter.

FOR $1.75

Tue Harvester, by Gene Stratton-Porter. Suede.
Tue Book or Woopcrart, by Ernest Thompson Seton.

FOR $2.50

Morus oF THE LiwBertost, by Gene Stratton-Porter.
Music oF THE Witp, by Gene Stratton-Porter.
Just So Stortes, by Rudyard Kipling. Illustrated.

FOR $3

Three years’ subscription to THE GARDEN Maca-
ZINE (May be sent to separate addresses).

A year’s subscription to the World’s Work (two years
for $5, three years for $6).

FOR $3.50

Kim, by Rudyard Kipling. New Illustrated Edition.
CoLLectep VERSE, by Rudyard Kipling. Illustrated.

FOR $4

A year’s subscription to Country Life in America
(two years for $6, three years for $8.)
Wuat ENGLAND Can Teaco Us AxBout GARDENING.

NATURE LIBRARY BOOKS:

Tue Book or Grasses by Mary Evans Francis.
Tue Sprper Book by Prof. J. H. Comstock.

Tue Froc Book, by Mary C. Dickerson.

Tue ReptitE Book, by Raymond L. Ditmars.
AMERICAN Foop AND GAME FISHES.

Mosses anp LicHEeNs, by Nina L. Marshall.

THE SHELL Book, by Julia E. Rogers.

Tue TreEE Book, by Julia E. Rogers.

FOR $5

CoLoniAL ARCHITECTURE: Frety SALEM DooRWAYS,
Cuarcoats oF New Anp Otp New York, by F.
Hopkinson Smith.
RACKHAM BOOKS.
SIEGFRIED AND GOTTERDAMMERUNG.
RHEINGOLD AND VALKYRIE.
A MipsumMer Nicut’s DREAM.
Rip VAN WINKLE.

Formerly $5.00.

FOR $7.50

REMINISCENCES OF THE SouTH SEAS, by John LaFarge.
Illustrated in color.

DeEecEMBER, 1912 AP Wet 1 6G AN IR ID Ny AL ANG ANY IE IN) 8; 181

Cover Dresicn—Evergreen hawthorn (Pyracantha coccinea, var. Lalandi) - - - - - - - = - = - - - M.J.G. Buerger
PAGE PAGE
THe Montn’s REMINDER - - - - - - - - - - - - 187 (DHE Linnie, Parma) 2) == = == = 4 = 9 = - = ==) - = 206
Photograph by W. S. Kimball
THE ROMANCE OF OUR HawrtHorNS - - - - John Dunbar 189 = ES 3 7 ;
DH enabin by Nathan) Graves and FH. Trot THE Crop THAT Grows IN WINTER - - - - Hollister Sage 207
THE SPIRIT OF THE GARDEN - - - - - - Ida M.H. Starr 193 Roses = = = = = = = = - = = = -. A. Van Gelder 208
Photographs by W. C. Benson Photograph by A. G. Eldredge
- N ; Two Harpy SHRUBS - - - - - - - - - L 1. Hurs
THE SHELLBARK, THE BEST NUT FOR THE FARM Sdn aaemeatcge Lou E. Hurst 212
. otograpns by the author
Archibald Rutledge 195
Photographs by the author Wuat To Do NowIN THE SouTH - - - - Thomas J. Steed 214
Srxty SUGGESTIONS FOR NEW GARDENS - - Wilhelm Miller 197 Narcissus IN Twenty Days - - - -.- - F.E.McI. 214
Photographs by A. G. Eldredge, H. Troth and Ella M. Boult a
In A CONNECTICUT GARDEN - - - --- - - - = - C. 216
ANNUAL “ ROUND-UP” OF GARDENING ACHIEVEMENTS - - - 201 Stats s
Photographs by the authors WHEN Doctors DIFFER ee rere No kr md OS 219
READERS’ EXPERIENCE CLUB - - - - - - - - - - - 203 “DEHORNING” APPLE TREES - - - - - - R.£E. Rogers 220
Photograph by W. S. Kimball Photographs by the author
THE CHILp’s GARDEN - - - - - - - Ellen Eddy Shaw 204 CHEATING THE BOOKBINDER - - - - - - - C.F. Barber 222
Photographs by A. F. Loomis, Mabel J. Musser and others Photograph by the author

SUBSCRIPTION; CopyYRIGHT, 1912, By DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY For Foreign Postage
_ $1.50 a year Entered as second-class matter at Garden City, New York, under the Act of Congress, March 3, 1879 add 6sc.
Single copies Is cts. F.N. Dousiepay, President Watter H. Pace, HerBert S. Houston, Vice-Presidents S.A. Everitt, Treasurer RussELt Doustepay, Secretary | For Canada add 35c.

Macatawa—The Big New
Everbearing Blackberry

Plants begin to bloom June Ist and

Grayson

keep up producing flowers and fruit
all summer and until frost stops growth.
xis rai > Berries start to ripen about Ist of
““Adventures LRT GAR I { july, and can be picked night up to
—_ ( (1 ea anh October. Yields enormous crops cf
. 8 SP? fh great big bernes —see the picture.
kh Friendship They are the largest berries known.

CON ent ures in Bring 30 cents a quart or more.
Tien iy A I originated this berry by crossing
Se ee : Giant Himalaya Berry and Eldorado
attractive book, rich in insight into character and alive also ]
c : 5 : Blackberry. Macatawa has good
with the charm which comes to a man who keeps his eyes ae . nes

, 5 qualities of both. Fruit sweet—even
open to the magic appeal of nature.”” — London Standard. Sinn (avsone—eordlcc elves caael ess
Plants begin to bear in first year and

give big crops in second year. Macatawa Blackberry is perfectly

hardy. It went through the hard winter of 1911-12 in an exposed

| position, without freezing.

“Adventures in Contentment”

“The proper word to apply to this book is charming, for
these little stories of life in a back country village are told,
with a quiet humor and kindliness that remind one of the | Try This Great New Blackberry
days of Mrs. Gaskell and Miss Mitford.”

—Indianapolis News.

I want berry growers everywhere to try this grand new kind—bet-
p ter and bigger than anything they have had before, and more profit-
Charming illustrations in black and i able. All who saw it in 1912 were amazed, and ordered plants. |
white and full colors by Thomas Fogarty. can’t sell more than six plants to any one person. Plants $1 each,
\| or $5 for six.

New Leather Edition, each volume, Net, $1.50 } Send today for my fine 1913 Berrydale Berry Book. It shows pictures of
Cloth Net $/ 35 Macatawa and other good and new berries, and lists all the standard kinds that are

worth growing. It’s free.

ed A. Mitting, B dale E i t Gard
Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY New York eatred ees aa eae

oe

The Readers’ Service will give you suggestions for the care of tive-stock

182-186 THE) GA REDE VN MAS GSAS ZINE; DecemBer, 1912

Even the Winter Sun will make Plants Grow

But you must capture the heat
rays, store their warmth in the
soil and hold it over-night, this
is done by using

for Hot-beds
and Cold-frames

oe ee | ; us
SunticHT Douprr GLAss SASH NEED NO COVERING ‘ Hae z GROW FRESH VEGETABLES FOR YOUR TABLE
EVEN IN ZERO WEATHER 7 D AND TO SELL
ann Ginse Saat

set out early in the Spring. Violets all winter, pan-
This season do your gardening under Sun- The double layer of glass takes the place *i°s i? bloom in February or March. We have sold
light Double Glass Sash Voucwallabesstt f t b d sash to hundreds of amateurs, many of whom have
: ae or mats or boards sent in their second and third orders.

prised at the fine plants you can grow—at Between the two layers is a 3 inch transparent blanket Send for these two books
the small amount of time and labor it takes. of dry still air—keeping in the heat—keeping out the cold. 1.—Our FREE catalog with net
Better than heavy, expensive mats or boards because it prices: Pena relent and Ree
. . ae eed delivery Tr sition. fives
For instance, you can saves labor and permits the plants to get all the light all Qctails, Pe
the time which means that they will grow faster and mation of this wonderful invention.
become hardier. Raia ings incertae ane aac i

° n * Sia er ena Sy 4 2 ene ety structiv

set out in the field in the Glass slips in and is held in place without putty. Can’t jyaSey the well: iswawadthonte
work loose. Easily replaced. on Market Gardening, in which he
tells how to make and care for hot-

Read what amateurs grew last season jeds and cold frames, and when

. . and what to grow in them.
Fresh lettuce and radishes all winter. Cabbage, cauli- Priccioubrotantasceyesipockleuy

ash flower, beets, tomatoes, peppers and sweet potatoes tO centsin postage stamps. Catalog free

Sunlight Double lass Sash Co. 927 E. Broadway, Louisville, Ky.

erow fine cauliflower to

Spring. Make your prep-
arations now to get the
full benefit of the

@

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A good billiard table multiplies home attractions amazingly. The entire household shares in the
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real billiard table during the long winter evenings.

One of these superb ‘‘BRUNSWICKS’” will afford a world of entertainment, recreation and real benefit.

Its attractions will keep the young folks at home nights, away from harmful outside influences.

The Beautiful Brunswick “BABY GRAND”

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These belong to the ‘‘royal family’’ of billiard tables. They are genuine ‘““BRUNSWICKS’’—made
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Each is an admirable example of the fine cabinet work for which ‘The House of Brunswick” is famous. Equal in play-
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combination of healthful exercise, mental relaxation, excite- ease inet icircles below your book
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wits and skill in a lively game of billiards, in cozy comfort at Our beautiful book “BILLIARDS—THE HOME MAGNET” accurately describes and Billiar s—the Home Magnet
; After the day’s work, lock all business cares and vexa- illustrates 2 field cc the many styles of Billiard and Pocket-Billiard tables designed for | |
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the y, the genuine ‘‘Brunswick"' will make ‘this’? Christmas a real ‘‘red letter day.”’ WUAZTIS Soon Fob OURO DOOR UO HOS UOOO0NN0oc.0 000000
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The Readers’ Service will give you information about motor boats

The G

arden Magazine

VoL. XVI—No. 5

PUBLISHED MONTHLY

DECEMBER, 1912

Jj ONE DOLLAR FIFTY CENTS A YEAR
(FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY

[For the purpose of reckoning dates, New York is

generally taken as a standard. Allow six days’ differ-
ence for every hundred miles of latitude.]

Keep Up the Gardening Interest

N NORTH temperate latitudes Dec-

ember is not much of a month for

the outdoor gardener, but there are a

few ways left for him to show his
love for his plants.

He may knock the snow off the evergreen
hedges before it weighs them down and
breaks the branches.

He may give the cabbages, kale, parsley,
and violets growing in sheltered coldframes
a breath of fresh air whenever the temper-
ature outdoors goes above freezing.

He may complete any pruning or winter
spraying that has been put off. The better
gardener he is, the sooner he will do this.

He may spend spare hours making flats,
garden and orchard labels, and whatever
apparatus he will need most in the spring
when time is short and duties are many.

He may transplant trees — evergreen or
deciduous — according to the balling and
freezing method described by Mr. McCol-
lom in THE GARDEN MaGaAzineE for Decem-
ber, 1911.

A few years ago we suggested a growing
tree as a suitable Christmas present for the
family in the new country or suburban
home. With Mr. McCollom’s simple and
explicit directions available, we again urge
this as a means of giving a present that will
last a lifetime.

If your garden lover is also a bird lover,
still more happiness may be his. Get the
children to make strings of pop corn, heads
of wheat or oats, bits of suet, and all such
things that the winter birds love. Drape
these on the young trees, especially ever-
greens, about the lawn. Then wait for the
fun of enjoying the avian gratitude for this
sort of Christmas tree.

Your careful gardener will also watch for
eaves and rainspouts that drip on the hardy
perennial beds near the house.

Much Can Be Done Indoors
O- COURSE the chief work with plants

is indoors — whether in the green-
house, the conservatory, or the: window
garden. Does everyone appreciate the
real difference between these three?

In the greenhouse, conditions are such
that you can actually create plants or at
least grow them from seed and cuttings to
maturity. In the conservatory you or-
dinarily maintain choice specimens while
they are at their best, relegating them back
to the benches of the more utilitarian green-
house when the blossoms have faded or the
foliage begun to look poorly. The average
window garden is often a scene of continual
battle with coal gas, varying temperatures,
and somewhat inadequate facilities for
plant growing, but where neither the gar-
den nor the conservatory is possible, it is
a source of much potential enjoyment.

The best plants of Gloire de Lorraine
begonia can be obtained from cuttings
started now. As these root and grow, shift
them to larger pots gradually; over-potting
is a common and often fatal mistake with
this variety.

Gladiolus for Easter may be started now
in a temperature of 40 to 45 degrees.

Bulbs of amaryllis (by which term the
gardener refers also to Hippeastrum and
other genera), needing a considerable period
of ripening, are not received in this country
until November and December. As soon
as your order is filled, pot the bulbs in a soil
composed of rotted sod, three parts; de-
cayed horse manure, two parts; sand, one
part. Keep them dormant and only
slightly moist for a month or so.

You may begin to take chrysanthemum
cuttings now for specimen bush plants and
extra early results along other lines. Stock
plants, from which cuttings will not be taken
for a while, should be stored in a light room
where the temperature will stay above the
frost line.

The ‘tropical house plants,” that is,
specimens that must be given plenty of
heat and shelter the year round, need about
three months of rest. This means a
slightly lower temperature than usual and
considerably less water. Allamanda and
the herbaceous birthwort are among the
more fastidious in this regard.

Tea roses, being forced for winter blooms,
should receive plenty of liquid manure and
a fresh mulch about mid-December.

187

Roses that are kept indoors merely for
the sake of earlier and more perfect flowers,
need the same sort of dry resting period as
the tropical or “stove house”’ plants.

Some References That May Help

OME suggestions that have already

been published but that may now
prove of much value have appeared in the
following numbers of THE GARDEN Maca-
ZINE:

Suggestion for window boxes in Dec-
ember, 1906 and December, 1907.

How to grow ardisia, Jerusalem cherry,
ornamental peppers, and other red-fruited
plants in December, 1906, pages 243 and
244.

Forcing rhubarb and asparagus, Decem-
ber, 1906, page 252.

Some bulbs that bloom in a hurry —
Roman hyacinths in three weeks, Chinese
sacred lilies in six weeks, and Paper White
narcissus in eight weeks — December, 1907,
page 239.

How to wrap and pack plants for safe
winter shipment, December, 1906, page 250.

Some red-flowered plants to satisfy the
Christmas spirit, December, 1907, page 242.

Various types of holly with which to
brighten the winter landscape — Decem-
ber, 1906, page 234.

How to give plants as Christmas gifts.
On the Reminder page for December, 1907
and 1908.

By the way, if you are giving flowering
plants this season, why not make them the
kind that will last. That is, those that
have been forced gradually and not so as
to be at the zenith of a very brief career on
December 24th. To do this, buy your
plants now, looking not for open flowers
but for the largest number of buds and the
most stocky growth.

Fall-potted bulbs that you are to give
away may now be brought into the light
and heat of your living room where they
will soon develop flower buds.

Fuchsia is a convenient plant for ordinary
conditions. It needs no sun at all and will
grow in a north window about as well as
anywhere else.

Plant Protection in the

Greenhouse

ONDITIONS that in general give the
best results are heat and moisture.
These are also the conditions under which
all fungi and indoor insect pests thrive;
hence, we must take special precautions.
Sulphur is our most effective weapon

188

TH E -G AGReDeE Nee Me AG AS 7 leNeE

DECEMBER, 1912

against fungus enemies but never let it
actually burn in the greenhouse. The
fumes are deadly to all plant life, not alone
the lower types.

The ways to use it are vaporized over a
lamp, dusted on the plants, or mixed into a
paste and spread on the heating pipes.

Oils, emulsions, and soap solutions, either
bought ready prepared or mixed fresh for
use, are convenient and cleanly materials
for destroying the aphis, mealy bug, and
mites of various kinds.

For foliage eaters, hellebore and pyre-
thrum are often better than the arsenical
mixtures which sometimes injure the ten-
der tissues of hothouse plants much more
quickly than they would affect the same
varieties outdoors.

The red spider (which is really a mite)
thrives in a dry air; therefore, when he
appears, syringe freely and keep the house
as moist as is safely possible.

On the other hand, slugs and snails usu-
ally increase under such conditions; however,
they are large enough to be hand picked
whenever they become really troublesome.

Make the Most of Winter
Evenings

F YOU are on the mailing list of the
Department of Agriculture, and your

state experiment station, it is dollars to
doughnuts that you haven’t read all the
bulletins they have sent you. Why not
spend some evening going over these, and
getting out the material that would be of
real help next season?

Tf you don’t file all these publications you
should have a scrap book for clippings from
them.

And if you do file them, a card index
system is practically essential. Now is the
time to bring it up to date.

The records of your garden made during
the summer are not always in neat, conven-
ient shape. A permanent, well bound book
into which all valuable data can be tran-
scribed becomes each year of greater inter-
est and value.

News and Comment

PLANS OF THE GARDEN MAGA-
ZINE FOR 1913

ae hope is strong within us that 1913
will see THE GARDEN Macazrve take
on renewed strength and interest. Not
often have we felt so pleased with the
prospect. Here are some of the serial
features which are already in hand:

Ten Acres Enough or The Little Farm.
A new rendering of the most famous book
ever published on farming. Everybody has
heard of it and here it is brought down to
date.

The Garden Doctor.—Once upon a time —
and not a hundred years ago—a lady,
presumably young and charming, fell ill and

for a number of months spent a good deal of
her time studying her own symptoms.

This, the psychological doctors tell us, is
often the beginning of a more or less con-
firmed invalidism. To enjoy ill health is
called by a long Latin name which at the
moment we have forgotten how to spell.

The lady we have in mind looked out of
her window upon a city yard; it might have
been a lovely country and been all the same
to her, because her “inner eye” was ab-
sorbed with reflections upon her compli-
cated and somewhat disordered depart-
ment of the interior. One day she saw her
neighbor, an elderly German, clipping at
his fence vines. Absently she watched,
then became interested. She, too, wanted
a share in the springtime — she wanted to
do something with plants. Soon after she
received a rough box labelled “Live Plants.
Perishable. Open at once.” She never
had liked uncouth packages; a few days
before she would have objected to doing
anything “at once,” to bother with “per-
ishable” stuff would have been a nuisance,
for she had come within an ace of missing
the one thing most needed by her to insure
her life-long happiness — but something had
waked up inside. To summarize: she
opened the box. Up to the country went
she and the pansy plants the box contained,
and with them the lady began a garden in
the place where the garden ought to have
been but wasn’t. And the lady turned out
to be a real woman, a different being from
the limp hypochondriac of our first ac-
quaintance.

The reader can imagine the sequel. In
his or her mind’s eye he can trace the slow
absorption of the garden interest, the wan-
ing. of the hypochondriacal attitude, and
the “marvelous recovery” brought about
by the Garden Cure.

The author is now a well-known (?) gar-
dener, and the spontaneous and genuine
humor with which these ‘“‘confessions”’ are
given proves the completeness of the garden
cure. Who the gardener is, we do not say.

The Gardener’s Graphic Guide. — A series
of photographic illustrations showing the
actual work of the garden during the
various seasons. This will supplement
“The Month’s Reminder.”’

Reducing the Cost of Living via the Back
Yard Garden.— An interesting series by
Roger W. Babson. These articles will
appear in six consecutive issues, and we con-
sider this one of the most important features
that has ever appeared in the magazine.

The Most Profitable Half Acre. A series
of true experiences received in response to
our offer of $500.00 for the best account and
exact report of this achievement. A help-
ful and suggestive series. Look for the
prize winners in the January number.

Home. Building and the Garden.— An
entirely new feature of practical construc-
tion articles, which will be especially help-
ful to the prospective suburban dweller
telling him how to choose or how to build
his house, in relation to the garden, for best
practical results and artistic quality.

The Homeside Farm.— A series of articles
dealing with practical and scientific farm
and garden problems, by an eminent
authority who has achieved success in both
branches of the craft—a former college
professor, now a successful small farmer.

The Best Plants to Grow.— A composite
series in which leading specialists will dis-
cuss the better kind of plants and better
varieties, and bring before the reader the
most up-to-date information. A sound
guide to what to buy.

SOCIETY DOINGS

Ae THE meeting of the Vegetable
Growers’ Association of America, held
in Rochester early in September, the fol-
lowing officers for 1912-1913 were elected:
President, H. F. Hall, Moorestown, N. J.;
Vice-president, Chauncey West, Ironde-
quoit, N. Y.; Secretary, E. A. Dunbar,
Ashtabula, Ohio; Treasurer, M.L.Ruetenik,
Cleveland, O. With some 180 members
representing twenty-five states, this organi-
zation is in a position to accomplish much
in the direction of better conditions for both
producers and consumers. Even the ama-
teur gardener will find much of interest and
value in the addresses delivered at the
annual meeting.

The horticultural world, and especially
the fruit growers, were pained to learn of
the death of Prof. John Craig, of Cornell
University in the early fall. He had been a
great factor in recent progressive move-
ments and largely through his energies the
Cornell Horticultural Department had
become closely identified with the various
“special” societies described as the peony,
the sweet pea, the gladiolus, etc., in variety
tests and standardization. Professor Craig
was also the secretary of the American Po-
mological Society; his successor in this office
is Prof. E. R. Lake of Washington, D. C.

With the opening of the year the Presi-
dent-elect of the Society of American Flor-
ists takes his seat in directing the only
national Horticultural Association of gen-
eral scope. Mr. John K. M. L. Farquhar,
of Boston, is a widely experienced horti-
culturist and traveler. He has also been
instrumental in introducing some of the
newer Chinese discoveries of Mr. E. A.
Wilson, and by virtue of his office will have
the directing hand in the great National
Flower Show to be held in New York City
April 5 to 12 next.

During the last session of Congress,
there was passed by the House the Lever
Agricultural Extension Bill, which provides
for federal and state support of a plan to
maintain an agricultural and expert adviser
in every county of all the states.

To insure its favorable consideration by
the Senate during the session soon to open,
there will be needed vigorous coéperative
effort and a generous support. Informa-
tion about the movement, its progress and
the kind of assistance needed, can be ob-
tained from the National Soil Fertility
League, Chicago, Ill.

CG. Dunbarz,
fruit

The Romance of our Hawthorns
By John Dunbar,

SOMETHING ABOUT THE DISCOVERY OF A HOST OF SPLENDID
HARDY NATIVE TREES THAT HAVE MASSES OF FLOWERS
AND SHOWY FRUITS— THEIR POSSIBILITIES FOR GARDENS

Rochester
New York

C Dunbari,
flowers

(Epitor’s Note.—Our native hawthorns have so far been but little appreciated as garden possibilities and the almost sudden realization that instead of a mere
handful of species there were perhaps a thousand seemed likely to put off still longer a real popular appreciation of these rugged, sturdy trees. It is fortunate then
that these plants have been studied horticulturally by Mr. Dunbar in the parks of Rochester, keeping pace with the botanists’ researches. Indeed, Mr. Dunbar and
Professor Sargent have worked together and in presenting this crystalization of his studies to a dozen kinds having the most garden or landscape merit Mr.
Dunbar has rendered a great service to a future generation of planters.)

WENTY years ago there were
generally recognized fourteen
species and a few supposed vari-
eties of American hawthorns; at

the present time there are approximately
nine hundred species known to science.
No story in the botanical and horticultural
features of the North American continent
has been more interesting during the past
dozen years than the investigation and
discovery of these numerous new plants
which had all the time been growing
right under our very eyes.

Some twenty-five to thirty years ago,
Dr. C. S. Sargent, Director of the Arnold
Arboretum, Harvard University, received
large quantities of American hawthorn
seeds, from different parts of the North
American continent (but they came mostly
from George Letterman, Newport, Ark.,)
Those seeds were sent under numbers
and records, and the individuals from
which the seeds were collected were
known. About 1896, when these
seedlings began to flower and
fruit, Dr. Sargent’s interest was
roused by the fact that they
differed constantly from any
of the described and known
species. It was observed,
for instance, that different
plants, which it had been
supposed belonged to one
species, differed in time of
blooming, in the number of
stamens, color of anthers,
periods of ripening the fruit,
as well as in the formation
and texture of the fruit
and shape of the nutlets.

The conclusion forced itself
on Doctor Sargent’s mind,
that these characters were
constant and could be de-
pended on as distinguishing
specific features. It might be
said here, that Doctor Sargent
had prejudices to the contrary
view, but he could not shut his
eyes to facts which stared him in
the face. He immediately went to
work, and with the assistance of a num-
ber of collaborators, made collections ~ of
hawthorns from Quebec to Florida..under
rigidly careful numbers, records and ob-
servations from individual trees and bushes,
upon which the descriptions were based and
from which seeds were also gathered and

sowed, and these young plants are now
growing in the Arboretum. In the progeny,
which so far has flowered and fruited, all
evidence has pointed to the fact that they
are true to the parents in all specific
characters.

The question naturally arises in the minds
of some people, how it came about that so
many new species were observed and
brought to light in such a short time,
when men like Torrey, Gray, Engelmann,
and others failed to notice them. It may
be said perhaps, that these men were
largely dealing in pioneer work, and did

Specimen native hawthorn left when clearing off
the ground on the estate of Mr. Bayard Thayer, at
South Lancaster, Mass. Could anything be prettier?

189

not have much time to specialize with cer-
tain families of plants, as they were dealing
most of their lives with vast aggregates.
This is an era of specialization in all scien-
tific studies, botany included, and it is
practically impossible to-day, in the keen
searching tests applied in botanical investi-
gation, for a man to have an exact knowl-
edge of any genus of plants that contains
a considerable number of species, without
having given it keen observation for a
number of years in the field, herbarium,
germination of seedling, study of the
progeny in relation to the parents, and
other details. The investigator who has
done this is walking over a field every foot
of which he knows thoroughly. When
certain observers who have given the genus
no special investigation, mildly ridicule the
making of so many new species of haw-
thorn, their criticisms surely have no
relevancy.
The American hawthorns, as at
present understood and interpre-
ted, fall into twenty-one natural
groups, and the different in-
dividuals in those various
groups can be recognized
by an expert at a glance.
Botanists, however, with
broad ideas in regard to
the limitation of species,
are inclined to regard
those twenty-one groups
as twenty-one distinct
species; and when they are
confronted with those
numerous forms that sur-
round and group them-
selves with those types;
they regard them as
varieties.

Other botanists, who
have investigated the
American hawthorn on the

most rigid scientific lines, have
been forced to the conclusion
that they are distinct and true
species. A species, as we under-
stand it, is ‘‘a unit composed of a
number of individuals which repro-
duces itself from seed, with definite
constant characters, within certain limited
variation,” and it has been abundantly
demonstrated that the vast army of newly
described American hawthorns meet these
requirements. It has been said that Nature
in her operations knows no species; she

190

THE (GARD BOND SMe ACG FAL Za NGE

DeEcEMBER, 1912

only knows the individual, and all her
efforts are concentrated on fitting the
individual to its little niche and environ-
ment. If nature was a blind force, this
might be true, but we doubt that. How
did they arrive ?

The origin of so many forms inside one
genus is difficult to account for, and raises
the debatable question of the origin of
species. That these hawthorns are of
hybrid origin can hardly be entertained at
all. The progeny of hybrid parents is
always known to be very heterogeneous in
its characters, and this of course must be
expected in the combination of two specific
types in seminal offspring. I myself have
collected and studied hundreds of species
throughout Western New York, and from
London, Ontario, Canada, to Prescott on
the St. Lawrence River, and perhaps the
largest number of species found grouped
together is on the Rumsey estate, on the
east side of Buffalo, beside Delaware Park,
where on a few acres thirty-five species
grow spontaneously, and in many instances
in dense thickets, with their branches inter-
mingling, and every opportunity for cross
fertilization occurs. In the raising of the
seedlings, however, there is nothing to show
that this has happened. The question then
of hybrid origin may be dismissed.

It has been suggested by some observers
that they may be mutants. This is based

on the theory of the origin of species, by
Professor de Vries, botanist, of Amsterdam,
Holland. According to this view, species
appear suddenly and are stable and con-
stant, if conditions are favorable, from the
moment they arise. Let us cite a specific
case to further illustrate our understanding
of this view: Crategus pedicillata is a very
common arborescent species in the Genesee
Valley, in the Flabellate group. It has
seven to ten stamens, with rose colored
anthers and lax, pubescent corymbs. The
fruit is short, oblong, depressed at the inser-
tion of the pedicel, bright lustrous red,
with soft reddish pulp, three-fourths of an
inch long, and half an inch thick. Leaves on
fertile and vegetative shoots always round
at base. I have raised hundreds of seed-
lings from this species and I have not ob-
served the slightest deviation from the
above specific characters in any of the
progeny, in leaves, flowers, or fruits. There
is no evidence of mutation, and if mutation
accounts for these numerous species, when
did it take place, and why cannot we see it
going on now? Again: Crategus Duro-
brivensis is a very common species in the
Genesee Valley, and widely distributed.
The large, smooth, clustered blossoms, with
twenty stamens, rose anthers, and globose
to sub-globose fruit, lustrous red, with
stout triangular calyx lobes, which ripens
in October, and hangs on without loss of

color until early winter, always shows the
same definite characters, and the progeny
display the same faithfulness to type.
As I understand the theory of mutation it
does not account for these species as there
is nothing to show that hidden generative
forces are at work producing new species,
that appear instantaneously. j

I am therefore inclined to believe the
concept of Charles Darwin in regard to
the origin of these species of American haw-
thorns and all plant species that “natural
selection acting only by the preservation
and accumulation of small inherited modi-
fications,’ and extending over a long period
of time, and so slowly perhaps, that any
change is hardly perceptible in a man’s
life time, and is the only correct explana-
tion for the appearance of these species
and all other species.

There is one further remarkable phe-
nomenon however in regard to the American
hawthorns. It isa well known fact, in horti-
cultural experience, that the different spe-
cies in some genera of plants intercross and
hybridize freely. For example, Philadel-
phus, Malus, and Berberis get badly mixed
up if a number of the different species are
planted together. The species cannot be
depended on to come true from seed, if
grown in proximity to each other. There-
fore, that the hawthorns show noinclination
to intercross, even in the species of the

As lawn trees the hawthorns are almost equally attractive in winter with their sturdy much branched limbs (C. cordata)

DeEcEMBER, 1912

eel CA Dab oN (MeATGEAYZ Ie NE

191

same group, where of course they are natur-
ally closely related, is obviously hard to
explain in such a connection.

THE GROUPS AND SPECIES

As already stated, the American haw-
thorn fall into twenty-one well defined
groups — that is, they are well defined to
the critical observer but to casual obser-
vers they are not so clearly cut. It would
be out of place to freely discuss these
minute details here, but as they have some
decided horticultural significance, a brief
reference seems necessary.

Several groups, having no species of
striking horticultural value, I have ignored
in this presentation.

The chief groups and their characteristics
are bnefly given in the following para-
graphs.

Now, from our present practical stand-
point the distribution of these groups is im-
portant and offers some clue to a better
general understanding. Thus the Pruinose
group is remarkably well defined, and is
distinguished by its usually green, late-
ripening, and often prominently angled and
pruinose fruit, large flowers, long-petioled
leaves, usually very sparingly glandular,
and the fruits are always characterrized by
the calyx lobes situated on a collar at the
apex of the cup. In this group more than
one hundred species have been described.

This group is mostly northern, and is
common in New York and Pennsylvania,
and extends to beyond the Mississippi.

The Mediomaxe group has some features
in common with the pruinose but the
calyx lobes are always sessile on the fruit
and pruinose, and rarely ever with twenty-
stamened flowers, and has about the same
distribution as the pruinose. The other
groups are characterized thus:

Tenuifolie: Fruit usually short-oblong,
scarlet; anthers rose color; leaves thin,
usually deep green, oblong. :

Microcarpe: Fruit sub-globose to ob-
long, comparatively small, scarlet; anthers
rose. (Well represented by Crategus cor-
data).

éstivalis: Fruit usually depressed glo-
bose, red; few-flowered clusters, and flowers
appearing with or before the unfolding of
the leaves.

Bracteate: Fruit subglobose to short-
oblong, usually bright red; flower clusters
with large and conspicuous bracts; leaves
thick and dark green.

Flave: Fruit short-oblong to pyriform,
usually orange red; leaf stalks, leaves and
flower clusters, conspicuously glandular.

Virides: Fruit sub-globose to oblong,
usually dark red; leaves thinnish, and
usually much tapering at the base.

Tomentose: Fruit usually pyriform, but
occasionally short-oblong, bright red; nut-

lets always characterized by conspicuous
depressions on the inner faces; leaves
membranaceous to subcoriaceous and taper-
ing toward the base.

Crus-galli: Fruit globose to short-ob-
long, usually bright red, and with a greenish
pulp; leaves lustrous dark green above, and
much tapering at the base.

Punctate: Fruit oblong to globose,
usually large, and dotted; pulp dryish;
leaves much tapering at the base.

Molles: Fruit sub-globose to pyriform,
crimson, scarlet and red, pulp juicy and
edible; flower clusters usually densely
tomentose or pubescent; leaves thin and
soft.

Flabellate: Fruit oblong to sub-globose,
scarlet or crimson, pulp succulent; leaves
thinnish and usually fan-shaped in outline;
flower clusters usually slightly tomentose.

Intricate: Fruit subglobose to oblong,
and usually brownish red, occasionally with
a yellowish green tinge; leaves thickish and
yellow green, and in many species leaves
are concave; flower clusters very glandular.

Dilatate: Fruit short-oblong, lustrous
red and late ripening; calyx much enlarged
with stout prominent lobes; leaves broad or
broader than long.

The Tenuifole is mostly northern and
very rarely found in the South, and is per-
haps the most difficult group to understand.
The Microcarpe, AEstivalis, and Brac-

In woodland nooks the wild hawthorns make some of the most glorious pictures of spring bloom (C. Elwangeriana)

192

teatee are southern groups. The Flave
and Virides groups, with a few excep-
tions, are mostly confined to the south-
eastern states. The Tomentose group is
chiefly northern and is a conspicuous feature
of the vegetation in many parts of Ontario,
Canada, and is particularly common on
the banks of the Rideau Canal, from
Kingston to Ottawa. A few species of
this group, however, are found as far as
the Rocky Mountains.

The Crus-Galli, Punctate, Molles and
Flabellatee groups on the other hand are
very widely distributed, and are abundant
from Texas to Quebec. The Intricate is a
common group in the North and as far as
I am aware occurs sparingly in the South.
The species in this group are mostly
shrubby. The flower clusters are usually
marked by densely glandular bracts, and
the fruits have generally a brownish red
appearance. The species in this group are
fine garden subjects.

THEIR USES

From a horticultural standpoint these
American hawthorns are of immense im-
portance for the ornamentation of parks,
private estates, and gardens. The showy
flowers in spring; the characteristic foliage
of most of them; the conspicuous red,
crimson, and scarlet fruits of nearly all of
them, which extends amongst the different
species from August to early winter, and
a number of the species markedly retain
their fruits without loss of color until early
winter — renders them extremely valuable
to the landscape gardener. Their absolute
hardiness and the bold branching ramifi-
cation characteristic to most of them, make
them very interesting in winter when their
leafless forms are outlined in the winter
landscape. Furthermore, the longevity of
some of the arborescent species —a hun-
dred and fifty years at least. The
planter is often perplexed in the composi-

Cne of the medium sized flowered species of Crat-
eegus ‘C. Durabravensis)

THE G CRD EN | MAGG A Zr NEE:

The fruits of the hawthorns vary much in size.

These (C. Durabravensis) are small. Many species
are specially attractive for winter effect

tion of boundary plantations, and I am
certain he would be much aided by a free
use of the American hawthorn, because
they give a most dignified and harmonious
appearance to any situation when they
become established. When clearing up
woodland that has hawthorns it is often
well worth while to retain the specimens
to develop fully as was done at South
Lancaster, Mass.

RAISING FROM SEED

The seeds germinate slowly and some
propagators have no patience with them.
The best method is to soak the fruits in
water, and by maceration the seeds or nut-
lets are separated from the pulp. The
seeds are then dried in the sun, as they
can then be handled easily. We prefer
to sow them in ‘‘flats” immediately, 15 by
22 inches and 35 inches deep. As they do
not begin to germinate until the second
year after sowing, the flats can be piled
away in the corner of a coal shed, on the
top of each other, but they most not be
allowed to get dry, and a strict watch
must be kept against mice. Early in the
spring of the second year the flats must
be spread out in the sun where the seeds
will begin to germinate and the strange part
of it is not more than half of the seeds will
do so. The balance of the seeds will
germinate the third year. In the spring
of the fourth year, that is, four and a half
years from the time they were sowed, the
seedlings should be carefully placed in
nursery rows, and under good cultivation
they grow surprisingly fast. In ten years
from the time they were sowed, they make
plants of considerable size.

SOIL AND MANAGEMENT

The hawthorns are particularly partial
to heavy limestone clay, and are rarely

DECEMBER, 1912

found on light sandy soil, unless in areas
where they may overlap from their spon-
taneous homes. There are vast sandy
tracts in this country, where they cannot
be found. For example in Long Island,
where the soil is mostly light and sandy,
and where lime is absent, I have not ob-
served them growing in a wild state. Cer-
tainly they may be growing in certain parts
of the Island spontaneously, where the soil
suits them, but these parts I have not seen.
This does not mean however that they
cannot be cultivated in light soil, because
I have seen it to the contrary. With soil
well enriched, and liberally mulched they
seem to grow freely, under such con-
ditions.

They are easily transplanted. I have
moved individuals fifteen feet in height
with perfect success. Care should be exer-
cised in preserving the entire root system,
It is important, however, to prune the side
branches severely, and thin them out from
the centre, as the branches are apt to be
much congested and intricate in the interior,
if they have not received previous pruning
attention. It is wise too, to prune the side
branches of small plants considerably, when

- transplanted as they start into growth

much more vigorously.

TWELVE HAWTHORNS FOR GARDENS

Out of the mighty host already identified a few
stand out as in our judgment most worth bringing
into cultivation on a large scale. I select these
twelve as highly ornamental species.

The first five species are in the Molles group.
Crategus Arnoldiana assumes the size of a tree
20-25 tall with branches spreading at an angle
of 45 degrees. The leaves usually oval and rounded
at the base. The ro-stamened flowers with large
cream white anthers, are produced on tomentose
clusters and open about May 25. The subglobose
to oblong fruits, are bright crimson, large for the
genus, 4 inch diameter, and ripen about the middle
of August, and fall about the middle of September.
This is the earliest species in this group to ripen
its fruit.

C. Arkansana, forms a tall thin branching tree,
sometimes 30 feet high, with stiff, stout, ascending
and spreading branches. The leaves are usually
oblong-ovate, and broadly cuneate at the base.
The 20-stamened flowers with cream white anthers,
on densely tomentose corymbs, blossom about May
25. The oblong to ovate, bright crimson fruits,
ripen about the middle of Outober and are passion
on the branches for several weeks.

C. Champlainensis, is usually a tree 20-30 fece
tall, with spreading branches forming a broad
symmetrical bend. The ovate leaves are usually
slightly rounded at the base, but on vigorous shoots
truncate to sub-cordate. The ro-stamened flowers,
with small cream white anthers are borne on densely
villose, almost wooley corymbs, and flowers about
May 30. The oblong bright scarlet fruits, hairy
toward the ends, ripen toward the middle of Septem-
ber and are persistent on the branches until almost
mid-winter, but considerably shriveled before
they drop.

C. Elwangeriana is one of the handsomest Molles
species, and forms a tree 20-25 feet tall, with
spreading and ascending branches, and which are
often noticeable, by a tier like arrangement. The
leaves are ovate, and on fertile shoots almost cir-
cinate, round to sub-cordate at the base. The
7-10 stamened flowers with rose colored anthers,
are produced on densely villose corymbs, and
blossom about May 20. The short oblong, lustrous,
bright red fruit, ripens about the second week in
September, and present a most brilliant appearance
until October r.

(Continued on page 210)

The Spirit of the Garden—By Ida M. H. Starr, %

CHAPTER III — OuR CAVALIER.

Mary-

A story in three chapters which shows us something of the intangible yet very real side of the love of a garden and which is quite apart from the excitement of large

yields or strange combinations.

T WAS the full moon of October. All

day long World-Man had been wander-

ing around, turned loose among our

trees. He had done as he pleased,
talked only when the mood willed him to do
so, and was silent when the words chose
not to be spoken. After our walk in
the fields I betook myself to certain
duties about the house and left World-
Man to the society of his own thoughts
tuned to the harmony of a big silent
atmosphere, redolent with the fragrance
of a late autumn day. I looked from
the window and saw him = standing
quite still at different times, now under
the tulip tree and now under the yew;
and then he was seen out in the Point
Field with a rule taking measurements of
the old Ha-Ha.

Another day was near its end, another
page of my garden book was being gently
turned with the oncoming night. There
was a presage in the sky of glories soon to
be in the West and nowhere would they
be so matchless as seen through the veil of
my little Fontainebleau. So I ordered the
horses saddled, asked the Master of the
House and World-Man to be ready, for

The dahlias and the old yew tree in the garden of
193

It is indeed the reflection of the subtle enjoyment of the outdoors.

time and glory would not wait our pleasure.
We must go at once on a quick canter to the
beech wood.

And so on a fair late afternoon we gal-
loped merrily, by pleasant ways, to the
forest. Everything was in full glory. The
colors — oh, the mad rioting wilderness of
beauty, crowding, surging, all together in
the intoxication of expression!

It was the finale of a perfect day with
dream singers, dream violins and dream
drums vibrating through the majestic
silence into a passionate climax. It was
as if we were in a vast auditorium. The
road, color-strewn, was the stage, the beech
trees shimmering high and low with em-
broidery of rubies and emeralds, the curtain;
the great red sun dipped in the crimson,
purple and scarlet of a shadowless sky was
the light that filtered down all pure and
filmy through waves of dream music.
Atom by atom the light melted away and
the ruby curtain swept softly between us
and the West and it was twilight, quick,
sudden, still.

“Come,” I said. “Let us each gather a
branch with the wildest colors and let us
invoke the spirits of the woods.”

The preceding chapters appeared in September and November

So we pushed through a bridle path of
blood red brambles and found some dog-
wood bronzed to purple. Each of us broke
himself a branch.

“Tt must be ‘ Follow the leader,’ to-night,
remember.” So I led the way at full gal-
lop holding my branch of royal purple high
in the air, ike a banner waving over my
head.

“Oh woods,” I called.
came the voices after me.

“Give us thy beauty, thy strength.”
“Thy beauty, thy strength,” came as an
echo.

“To stay with us evermore.”
more,” I heard.

And on we galloped one after the other
down into the winding beeches up to the
singing pines, out into the open, and up
through the fields, then along for a stretch
by the water’s edge and back up the Avenue
to the lights of a dear home.

“There, World-Man, now you are ready
for the evening. After dinner we shall go
to the garden.”

“Oh woods,” —

“Ever-

“Here is your lantern.”
“What, a lantern on sucha night as this?”

Hope where we also meet our invisible friends.

194

THE GA Ry Denne SMyAGG FAY ZpIeNeE

DEcEMBER, 1912

“Ves, even so. The moon is for the
whole world, not for single flowers.”

“So we’re to look at flowers to-night?”’

“Ves, flowers and trees. People never
do it, I know, but that’s because they don’t
understand how wonderful flowers are
when they’re sleeping and how soft the
leaves feel when they’re resting and what
odors there are when night descends. Now
come down where the dahlias are — down
this long line. See —put your lantern
behind the box trees and look at the dim
shadowy column. They’re spirit flowers
now in this blue moonlight. I call them
my company invisible, when I walk through
by night and you — why — World-Man —
do you ever pray?”

“Pray, why, Madame I ——”’

“Tt would be well to do so now, before
you join my company invisible, just any
kind of a prayer, a wee bit, every one
should who enters this path for the first
time at night, for you see we’re in a spirit
world anow and must be spirits ourselves or
we shall not be fit company for those we
love, who have gone their way so far from
the gardens of Hope, who return on such
nights as this to linger awhile with us.
Tread lightly. There must not be any
sound save that of low voices, else we
disturb the flower spirits. Down here
where the juniper strews its black shadow,
sometimes at night I fancy I hear the deep
bass note of a bassoon. The wind has a
way of dropping down from the tulip tree
as if it were glad to curl up with a deep sigh
of delight in these old branches. Seems
to me I can almost hear the bassoon now.
Can you hear it?”

“Yes, there is a wind note somewhere.
1 can’t locate it exactly.”

“Tm quite sure it’s in the juniper. I love
this bit of the garden, just out of fancy I call
it my Court of Honor —and I come here so
often alone to ask for my heart’s desire.”

“How about the heart’s desire. Is it
granted by the flowers, or by the wind, or
the moon, or by what?”

“Oh, everything, together. Sometime
I find my Heart’s Desire quite as I ask for
it, after I leave the garden, and again I do
not, but something always comes to me at
the asking which is quite beautiful and
unexpected, for to walk in a garden and beg
a wish of the flowers is a talisman.

We walked on midst shadowy rows of
yellow, saffron, mauve, lavender, pearly
white, crimson and scarlet blossoms until
we came to the burst of veiled glory in a
cluster of ruby domes.

“Dear Chatelaine, we have gone back
centuries. Now I know what you meant
about the prayer as we entered the garden,
only it is not the saints who come to us;
it is the others, all those others who have
given us dreams, those things we World-
Men live upon, the cup we drink from when
the roar chokes us and there seems to be
no God’s world but ‘only a man world of
stone and noise. Surely in that ruby there
burns the soul of the wicked Shahryar, and
this great white beauty leaning over close

by is the learned and most beautiful Shay-
razad, queen of his heart. Can’t you hear
that deep oriental voice — ‘‘Know thou
most auspicious King, that once upon a
time ——” Indeed I can hear her or is it
the Poet of Poets singing:

“Oh Moon of my Delight that knows no wane,
The Moon of Heaven is rising once again
How oft hereafter rising shall she look
Through this same Garden after me in vain.”

“You may be right. Of course I cannot
see with your eyes, but my garden spirits
are different. They are more real to me
than you imagine. They are all those I
love who have walked in my garden —
coming back again to-day — real people,
not those of the Arabian Nights. They
have gone from me as these flowers go —
one by one —and they all return such
nights.”

“Do you mean the dead?”

“Oh no, not only the dead. They come
too, but with them are all those whose
presence has adorned my garden; they come
all of them, back to the flowers. But differ-
ent ones come at different times. The chil-
dren come back with the tulips and hya-
cinths and the laughing daffodils; but all
must first have been here in their material
bodies before their spirits canreturn. Last
spring on a late afternoon I was up in my
bedroom, dreaming away in rest after many
hours out of doors,\when suddenly, quite like
the descent of a flock of black birds, there
came to my ears the sound of most exquisite
music. Children from the village school,
answering a summons to the Spring Festi-
val of Daffodils, had come unexpectedly.
Oh those soft, high-pitched voices, laughing,
shouting, a chorus of youth and joy surging
down one path of the garden and upanother.
Then, like a brook, I could hear them run-
ning to the water, then they ran to the
tulips, then to the hyacinths, always carry-
ing with them the chorus of laughter, and
gladness. Why, World-Man, that song
has rung in my soul all summer, it rings day
after day. It is in the garden to stay —
forever —all that laughing of children.
And each year it will return with the daffo-
dils and it will sing up and down all the
paths, it will trill down to the water and on
to the bridge and the laughter will always
be here. This is what I mean by the
coming of spirits. If we only realized what
we lose by walled in, shut in, exclusive
gardens! Youths and maidens come to my
garden when the roses are gay in the arbors.
Men and women when the trumpet vine
blows; gray beards with the dahlias, and
with the chrysanthemums — oh, it is only
those who can never walk in my garden
again, the saints immortal, they come often
at other seasons, but with the chrysanthe-
mums more than with any other flower.
This is the path leading to the old burying
ground; here they are, my phantom flowers,
my ethereal chrysanthemums, like naked
souls in flight, cold, wet, pure as the air it-
self. They will soon be the only flowers left.
They are the end of everything, the amen,

echo of the benediction after everything is
gone, where, where, where nobody
knows, but everything is gone, only that
big moon over there. I suppose the moon
must know where the scents from all }the
flowers have gone. Would you think so?”

“Yes, the moon must know; she drinks
deep of all such mysterious pleasures.” —

“Now this way, over the lily tangle across
the little bridge to the yew tree, here’s where
we'll listen, for here if anywhere your
spirits would be quite certain to await us.”

“My spirits?”

“Yes, the long, long dead.”

“The wicked King Shahryar and the
beautiful Shayrazad?”’

“No, not they. The shade of the yew
tree would be too somber for Shahryar. I
mean our Cavalier.”

“Your Cavalier?”

“Yes, our Cavalier. I know as surely as
I do anything that there is somewhere —
where I don’t know — but somewhere the
soul of the one who planted this tree cén-
turies ago, and that that soul is loving it
with a deep emotion, and why shouldn’t it
be our Cavalier?”’

“T suppose it could be, only who is he?”’

“T couldn’t tell you, only this. There is
a story about this old house and gardens
that the Cavaliers, you know those gay
fellows who followed the first Lord Balti-
more, drifted to the Eastern Shore of Mary-
land and that one of them came here and
made a garden. The Colonel told me him-
self that several people at different times
had seen a young Cavalier, gaily dressed,
wearing a three cornered hat and a long
green velvet cloak coming down the stair-
way in the great House. He always walks
across the green and disappears under the
yew tree.”

“And you believe he was the one who
planted this tree, and that his soul revisits
the spot year after year?”

“Why not?”

We sat down on the stone bench and
dropped into silence while my memory
carried me back, not to the days of the
Cavaliers, but to the years that were slip-
ping by us; those years through which had
passed alternately triumphal processions
and dreary marches of defeat. Triumph
after triumph among the flowers and native
trees on one side, and on the other failure
after failure in my attempts to wrest from
the Yew tree the mystery of its birth.

“World-Man, if I should see our Cavalier
— coming now, this minute, across the
Bowling Green I should say: — ‘Most
gentle Cavalier stop with us a moment in
your shadowless path. We would have
speech with you, not for long, only a
moment, most gentle Sir. Stay with us
this moment, there is need of your presence.
Take these slips, I break them now from
the old tree, your tree, the tree you loved
See they are young and fresh and strong,
all life, all hope, as they were so long ago
when you brought them here. Take them
and for the love of Heaven show me how
to plant a yew tree.’”

HE progress of

nut culture is

necessarily slow,

and it is attend-
ed with many difficulties; but when its
rewards do come, they are so fine that
they should prove a constant encourage-
ment for the planting of greater areas in
trees and for further and more systematic
efforts to develop new species or to perfect
the old ones.

The pecan is, of course, the finest native
nut of North America; though the limited
area in which it flourishes renders it un-
suitable for general culture. In spite of
claims to the contrary, it is doubtful if
the pecan will ever be brought in the North
to that state of perfection which it attains
in the South. During the past few years
a great deal has been done to increase a
general interest in pecan growing, and
certain companies have taken advantage
of credulous buyers by selling them bonan-
za pecan farms, farms that are guaranteed
to realize fabulous sums in a short time.
All such beliefs are mistaken; no man can
make even a reasonable profit from grow-
ing pecans who does not have the right
stock, planted in the right soil, the safe-
guard of intelligent and honest manage-
ment, and that knowledge of horticulture
without which the best orchards are liable
to prove disappointments. Without wish-
ing to discourage those who have become
enthusiastic over pecans, it should be said,
in justice to their interests, that an invest-
ment in one of the recently far-heralded
pecan orchards is hazardous at best.

The most satisfactory of our native nuts
— most satisfactory because it is the most
widely distributed, because it is easy for
the average man to grow, and also because
it is more likely to come true to seed than
its relatives—is the shellbark or shag-
bark hickory. Of course, all shellbarks
are hickories, but the true hickories are
not shellbarks. The shagbark, as its very
name would indicate, is quite easily
recognized among the forest trees by the
peculiar trait which it has of shelling or
of shedding off its bark in long strips,
especially as it attains age. The lumber
to be had from shellbark trees is not so
tough, so flexible, or so durable as that
obtainable from the hickory; and so,
while for that purpose the shellbark is the
less valuable, it usually attains a more
noble and stately growth. The nuts from
the hickory are of no commercial value;
those from the shellbark invariably bring
excellent prices; and with the increased
use that the candy manufacturers have
found for them, there is every probability

The Shellbark, the Best Nut for the Farm
and its Value in the Landscape

that this price
least maintain
height.
Shellbarks
market from

will rise, or at
its present

By Archibald Rutledge, Bennie

>

bring inthe
two to four dol-
lars a bushel, depending on
the time of year when sold
and also on the relative productiveness of
the trees during the season. Two dollars
and a half a bushel is the price that can gen-
erally be counted on with certainty by the
grower. A good full-grown tree will yield
about two bushels of shelled nuts. The
yearly income, therefore, from a grove of
shellbark trees, or from single specimens, is
easily estimated. The trees bear every
year, though they alternate light and heavy
crops; blooming after all danger of frost
is past, they are seldom if ever exposed to
the menace of extreme cold.

As a tree, the shellbark is one of the
largest of those found in the Eastern
forest; and, where not crowded, it attains
unusual beauty and symmetry, its long
graceful branches often clothing the entire
stem, sweeping downward and far out until
they touch the ground. These fine trees
frequently reach a height of seventy feet
and more, and have a diameter at the
base of three feet. Therefore, aside from
their commercial value, they are beautiful
as ornamental and shade trees, having

If given room to develop the shellbark makes a
grand specimen tree

195

character, dignity, and the
excellent recommendation
of long life.

Most of the shellbarks
seen in the market come
from the states of the
Middle West, from Southern New York,
from Pennsylvania (probably the greatest
state in the Union in the production of
these nuts), from the Virginias, and from
Tennessee. The shellbark is found native
as far north as Massachusetts, and as far
west as the Mississippi; throughout its
range, it appears to prefer the more mount-
ainous regions. It is rarely found in the
tidewater region of the Atlantic Coast;
though since both the hickory and the
pecan thrive there, it is reasonable to be-
lieve that the shellbark might be made
to grow along the coast if it were once
established.

Every farm should have its nut trees.
Every country home with space for a tree
should have the same. Black walnuts
will be there as a matter of course; but
shellbarks should be planted and given
some attention, at least during their first
years of growth. A fencerow can be lined
with them without interfering seriously
with growing crops on either side. The
trees will thrive in any soil that is not too
heavy or rocky. They delight in a rich
porous soil. Because most of the forest
trees from which shellbarks for the market
are gathered are found growing along rivers
and creeks, it has been erroneously sup-
posed that the trees are natural lovers of
the water and thrive only near it. It is
true that they do well there, but they also
do well in many other situations far from
water; probably the reason for their preva-
lence along streams is to be found in the
fact that the nuts from which the trees
sprang were floated and lodged along the
banks. Fine shellbark trees will grow miles
from water, and the absence of a stream
is no drawback to planting.

There are many varieties of shellbarks,
but they may all be classified according to
two general types: the small, thin-shelled,
white nuts; and the large heavy nuts,
brown in color and thick of shell. There
are several variations of these two types.
The smaller varieties are usually the more
esteemed; because, relatively, they are
meatier. But it takes a great number of
these to make a bushel, and the gathering
of them is often tedious; also they seem
more liable to suffer from attacks of the
weevil, that lays its eggs in the blossoms,
and the eggs develop inside the nuts. The
larger nuts run, of course, fewer to the
bushel; their meats are of fine size and

196

THE

GARDEN

MAGAZINE

DECEMBER, 1912

flavor, and they are more free from worms.
They are harder to crack than the white
types, but there is more to be found in the
heavy nuts; so there is really no great
reason for any decided preference either
for one or the other.

The best shellbarks to plant are the
finest nuts of either general type. They
should be selected according to size, sym-
metry, general healthy appearance, weight,
and according to the productiveness of
the trees on which they were grown.

Always plant the
nuts in the fall,
about four or five

inches in the ground.
A little strawy ma-
nure spread over the
place where the nut
has been set will
prevent the alter-
nate freezing and
thawing of the
ground that may
cause decay. It is
not at all necessary
to soak the nuts in
warm water before
planting. The nuts
may be planted in
nursery rows, two or
three feet apart in
the row; from
which, when they
are three or four
years old, they may
be transplanted to
their permanent sit-
uations; or else they
may be planted just
where it is desired
that the future trees
should stand.

If the grower in-
tends to graft his
stock, nursery: trees
will afford him the
privilege of selecting
only the more desir-
able of the number;
but the average man
with a farm, who
wants good shell-
barks, but who does
not intend to be-
come an expert
grower of nuts, will
find that the nuts
permitted to de-
velop from their
planting place will
give results fully commensurate with rea-
sonable expectations. When planted as a
grove, the trees can be set 25x25 ft.
without danger of crowding when they
reach maturity; and this distance should
be observed also in single straight rows.

Trees to be transplanted from the
nursery have to undergo, the year previous
to their removal, the severing of the tap-
root, so that the labor of digging will be
lessened. Indeed it is almost impossible

to transplant a 5-year old shellbark with
its natural rooting system intact. It
has been claimed that this cutting of the
tap-root is an advantage; since the tree,
on being robbed of its main sap-artery,
will put out several smaller ones. But
this belief is seriously doubted; for nut-
trees are slow of growth, and they live to
a great age. Therefore nature has pro-
vided them with a powerful rooting system
adapted in every way to supply the urgent
needs and to fulfil the great demands of

As a shade tree the shellbark has many merits and always looks dignified.
trees show great diversity of size and shell texture

such a tree. A seedling shellbark, per-
mitted to grow where its parent nut was
planted has, under equal other conditions,
every opportunity for a surer and speedier
growth than one whose roots have been
mutilated and whose natural development
has been retarded by transplanting. Per-
haps there is no tree more liable to balk
after transplanting than the shellbark;
sometimes it will stand still for years, alive
but evincing no sign of growth. This is a

grave danger and one which should be
considered by every man who plants nut
trees.

The grafting of all nut trees is attended
with great difficulty and with much dis-
appointment —we don’t yet know quite
how to do it. The pecan appears to yield
most readily; yet even in the case of the
pecan the labor is so exacting and success
so uncertain that grafted stock commands
a price that is almost prohibitive. In
some cases the hickory and the pignut
have grown shell-
bark cions; in oth-
ers, pecan trees have
been used. Im-
proved varieties of
shellbarks have also
been grown on or-
dinary shellbark
trees. Practically
the only successful
methods of grafting
the shellbark are
those of annular
budding and tongue
grafting of seedling
trees two or three
years old; the soil
about them may be
removed for a depth
of four or five
inches, when the
grafts are set and
the soil carefully
replaced.

The size and gen-
eral perfection of a
nut does not depend
wholly on the stock
from which it
comes; for it is
greatly affected for
good or for evil by
the nature of the
pollination afforded
by neighboring
trees. The finest
tree may, probably
will, yield inferior
nuts if pollenized by
an indifferent speci-
men. Those who
have shellbark trees
should not hesitate
to cut down these
of the number
which are yielding
nuts of an inferior
grade. This inferi-
ority may occur in
size, shape, flavor, or productiveness. Of
course, the origin of the flavor of a nut
is, and may remain, a mystery. Almost
all fruits consist of an edible casing, which
surrounds and encloses the seeds or germs
of reproduction. But nuts have no edible
casings, though they have two outer cover-
ings; and the very parts rejected in most
fruits as seeds are those which make the
nut delicious. Shellbarks sprout from a
small cyst-like growth, enfolded against

The nuts from different

Ab Jat

DECEMBER, 1912

Ee Coser ON «Ni oANGUACZ ION oF

197

the nut at the blossom end. It is a very
easy matter to start the seedling trees;
and the grower will find that, for the first
few years at least, the length of the tap-
root will considerably exceed the height
of the little tree.

Very few efforts have been made so far
in ja scientific and systematic way to im-
prove the shellbark. Dr. Robert T.
Morris advises against using seedling shell-
barks for grafting stock, and urges that
instead cions from first-class trees be
established on young pecans, since the
grafted pecan will come into bearing when
about eight years old. It takes a seedling
shellbark from fifteen to twenty years to
come into bearing. The objection to this
scheme for the average man (though it
appears excellent for those who expect
to make nut-culture a business) is the fact
that it is difficult and rather expensive

Sixty Suggestions for New Gardens—By Wilhelm Miller,

to secure pecan stock fit for grafting;
that proper shellbark cions are hard to get
and exceedingly difficult to get started;
and that by such experiments a loss of
several years may be occasioned, which,
had it been spent on the normal growth
of seedling shellbarks, would have gone
into the development of trees of permanent
beauty and worth.

Practically the only marked improve-
ments in the size and quality of shellbark
nuts and in the productiveness of trees
have been secured through the slow de-
velopment of seedlings. Mr. J. W. Kerr,
of Maryland, has had some marked suc-
cess in this work. Of some fifty trees
which he grew from nuts for experimental
purposes, he reports that twenty have
shown superior qualities. These trees
came into bearing in about sixteen years
from planting; and during their growth,

aside from a little pruning to give them
shape and symmetry, they had no at-
tention.

Of course, in a single lifetime, a man
cannot hope to see more than two genera-
tions of shellbarks of his own development;
but that should be no discouragement to
the average man who has some space on
his country place or on his farm to devote
to the growing of nut trees. Aside from
the attempts to develop a variety, which,
if successful, might greatly enhance the
commercial value of the nuts, every man
should plant shellbarks in the stray corners
of his place for the beauty of the trees and
for the investment thereby afforded. Shell-
barks are certain to pay. They take time
to develop, but when they do arrive, they
come to stay; which is perhaps as sure a
virtue as that of the quick-growing peach
that dies a few years after it begins to bear.

New
York

IDEAS THAT CAN BE DEVELOPED BY CLEVER AMERICANS INTO UNIQUE GARDENS FULL OF THE OWNER’S
PERSONALITY, AND MORE PERMANENT AND ECONOMICAL THAN THE FLEETING GARDENS OF TO-DAY.

HE theme of a garden cannot be
expressed in practical terms. For

a flower garden is a poetic con-

ception and the soul or motive of

it can be expressed only in the language of
imagination. The object of these sugges-
tions is to stimulate the imagination and
encourage originality, for gardens are in
danger of looking too much alike the world
over. Necessarily these ideas must be
stated in the briefest form — so brief that
some of them will give no inspiration,
arouse no mental picture. In every case,
however, we have in mind some concrete
example of a new and better kind of garden.

SUGGESTIONS BASED ON YOUR PERSONALITY

1. Why not combine two hobbies, one
of which is gardening? The following list

A type of nature’s own garden. Native forms transplanted into an
open wood

may help you decide on
the two features of out-
door life you like best,
and how to blend them;
photography, birds,
sport, nature study, as-
tronomy, children’s work
and play, travel, music,
social life, outdoor theat-
ricals, handicraft, camp-
ing, profit, charity. For
example, if you are
fond of music and gar-
dening, consider Nos. 2,
3 and 4.

2. Bees are the most
famous insect musicians
in European gardens, but
the oldest and most
pictur-
esque
bmeme
hives
or skeps are inefficient
compared with modern
hives. If Loring Under-
wood and A. I. Root got
together they could blend
the beauty of the old and
efficiency of the new.

3. The musical insects
of Japan are sold in cages
and sometimes, no doubt,
are kept in gardens.
Lafcadio Hearn describes
them. The musical in-
sects of America are de-
scribed in ‘‘ Ways of the
Six-Footed” by Mrs. A.
B. Comstock.

4. Has any one consid-
ered a music room in a

of the maker; suitable for a

This garden has a feeling of seclusion and displays prettily the hand

“period “‘ or ‘* purpose ‘* style

garden? The song of birds, the hum of
bees, and the sound of water are usually
enough, but in a princely garden there
might be more.

IF YOU ARE A BIRD LOVER

5. The most artistic bird garden, pos-
sibly, is one designed by Jens Jensen for
Mr. Loeb in Chicago. It consists of a
nature-like pool, surrounded by shrubs with
edible berries, among which nestles the
Von Berlepsch apparatus. Near by is a
martin box.

6. To provide birds with berries the year
round let your borders include the following
shrubs which are arranged by Rehder in the
approximate order of ripening: Red-berried
elder, shadbush, bird cherry, spicebush,
osier dogwood, alternate-leaved dogwood,

198

T HE ~G ACR DEE UNG Mess GrAgZ a laNe Ey

DECEMBER, 1912

choke cherry, black and sweet elder, arrow-
wood, sassafras, kinnikinnick, flowering dog-
wood, crab apple, hawthorn, fire thorn,
cotoneaster, buffalo berry, mountain ash,
and tupelo.

7. To get the Von Berlepsch booklet and
a list of dealers who supply the apparatus
write the National Association of Audubon
Societies, 1974 Broadway, New York.

8. Famous bird gardens in America: Mr.
William Brewster’s at Cambridge, Mass.
(high fence, wire netting); Mr. Ernest
Thompson Seton’s at Cos Cob, Conn. (arti-
ficial tree, and eleven-acre lake); J. H.
Wade’s, Thomasville, Ga. (cardinals, mock-
ingbirds, quail); Mrs. Thompson’s, Canan-
daigua (greenhouses, flying cage, pergola).

9. The moaning of turtle doves empha-
sizes peace, quiet, seclusion. An aviary
for them might be built into a garden wall.
The note of the turtle dove has been praised
ever since Theocritus in the third century
before Christ. Famous old aviaries have
been pictured in the English Country Life
and in Bloomfield’s “Formal Garden in
England.”

IF YOU HAVE THE COLLECTING INSTINCT

10. Favorite themes for wealthy collect-
ors are the arboretum, pinetum, fruticetum
viticetum, salicetum, rosary and orchids.

11. The desire for completeness generally
operates on florist’s flowers, i. e., those
which have the greatest number of species
and varieties. For example, among hardy
perennials gaillardias have about 102 varie-
ties, hardy chrysanthemums to9, Michael-
mas daisies or perennial asters 137, pyre-
thrums 180, delphiniums 218, border
carnations 224, phlox 346, late or Chinese
peonies 657.

12. The cheapest flowers to collect are
annuals. Zinnias have about 40 varieties,
pinks 50, petunias 57, pansies 62, balsams
66, opium poppies 68, nasturtiums 78,
phlox 82, sweet peas 166, stocks 283, asters
57:

13. The bulbs that have the greatest
number of varieties are tulips, daffodils,
hyacinths, lilies, crocus, snowdrop, grape
hyacinth, day lilies, and mariposa tulips.
Among half-hardy bulbs the favorites
among collectors are gladioli, cannas,
dahlias, and torch lilies. Among tender
plants are amaryllis, crinum, ixia, nerine
and caladium.

14. The shrubs that have the greatest
variety are roses, lilacs, azaleas, dogwoods,
hawthorns, honeysuckle, and spireas.

15. The broad-leaved evergreens favored
by collectors are rhododendrons. English
holly has 75 varieties which are practical
for collectors on the Pacific Coast.

16. A garden composed wholly of heaths,
the beds cut in the turf, one species in each
bed, and full of delicate bells. Downing
saw such a garden at Woburn Abbey
(England) as long ago as 1850.

17. A higher ideal than collecting is
plant breeding, as explained in ‘What
England Can Teach Us About Gardening.”’
The highest ideals in pure collecting are

exemplified by R. B. Whyte of Ottawa,
whose ‘Perfect Half Acre Garden” was
described in Country Life in America,
April 1, 1911, pages 413 to 416.

IF YOU LOVE PRIVACY

18. When George Washington lived in
Philadelphia as President of the United
States he had a high brick wall close up to
the sidewalk clear across the lot from house
to boundary line. So did every other
gentleman of refinement until the craze for
putting all one’s goods in the show window
ruined American yards. There is a picture
of the old presidential house and garden
wall in the Pennsylvania Historical Society’s
library.

19. Do not have heart-failure when you
get your first estimate on the cost of a
garden wall. Remember the great bargains
you can get from wreckers in great cities.
Old bricks are the very thing you want,
and ‘‘the worse the better.’’ Hasn’t some
factory near you burned down within forty
years. Can’t you “rob the ruins?”

20. “The cheapest and most artistic
garden wall,” says an enthusiast at Glen
Cove, N. Y., “can be built in this way: Go
to a large old brick yard and ask what are
the worst bricks they have. Thus you can
get a great variety of color from red through
purple to black. Set these with an inch
joint and you will get the effect of age at
once. A hard, new wall, a showy wall, or
a dead, uniform expanse are undesirable.
Rich texture and quiet coloring are the
optimum.”

21. A lady who wished a_ seven-foot
fence on two sides of her village lot was
horrified to find that it would cost $225 for
about 225 ft. including painting inside and
out. She plans to save $1roo by planting
shrubbery instead. She will have a dense
irregular border of shrubs that will attain
8 feet. in four years. On the street side she
may have a hedge of Japanese barberry
costing about $50.

22. To make his high board fence as
inconspicuous as possible Mr. John Robin-
son of Salem painted it inside with a dull
chocolate brown—the complementary color
of the green of shrubbery. But the
outside of the fence he painted white to
harmonize with the buildings that sur-
rounded him.

23. The passion for privacy reached
Ottawa, Ont., a few years ago and the city
blossomed out with awnings. Every veran-
dah had a set of awnings arranged on hor-
izontal iron rods. These grow faster even
than the Kudzu vine. They may not be
as beautiful as vines, but they enable you
to regulate sunshine and shade, grateful
breeze and chilly blast. Now the housewife
works, writes, or reads in morning dress
free from the glances of neighbors and
passers by.

24. Speaking of the Englishman’s fond-
ness for seclusion and privacy Downing
wrote, “Just in proportion to the smallness
of his place, his desire to shut out all the
rest of the world increases — so that if he

owns half an acre, his hedge shall be eight
feet high, and the sanctity of the paradise
within remains inviolate.”

SUGGESTIONS TO OLD FAMILIES

25. The phrase “old-fashioned gardens”
is meaningless and unworthy. What period
pray, does this refer to? Sentimentality
can never take the place of scholarship.
There are hundreds of box-edged gardens
of perennials which are supposed to have
the spirit of the Colonial times, yet they
are full of anachronisms. If you wish to
know more accurately the flowers of the
Colonial period you will find a classified list
in Country Life in America, March 1907,
pp- 507 to 511, price fifty cents.

26. We have houses true to every period
of art, and ‘‘period furnishing” is popular.
Why not gardens true to some particular
period? You can get a list of the trees,
shrubs and vines introduced to cultivation
during every period from ancient times to
1834 in the first volume of Loudon’s
“Arboretum et Fruticetum Brittanicum.”

27. Have you considered a garden in the
same style as that of the earliest settlers of
your state, or the period of your immigrant
ancestor? This may mean Dutch, French,
Swedish, English, Spanish, or German.
Foreign books published during our Colonial
period will give you illustrations of actual
examples which must have influenced your
ancestors.

28. James L. Greenleaf, the landscape
architect of New York, in a lecture on
Colonial Gardens before the Colony Club,
told how to make a garden that has the
old-time charm and is adapted to present
day conditions of life, labor, and materials.

29. A lady who owns a garden that dates
from 1680 is stocking it with roses, shrubs,
and perennials from the oldest gardens
of America. This is an easy and pleasant
task since she is acquainted with most of the
important old families. Her house being
one of the most famous in America has been
visited by other owners of old gardens in
every one of the thirteen original states.

30. Alice Morse Earle’s “Old Time
Gardens” is a mine of information about
colonial gardens, flowers, herbs, fragrant
plants, dooryards, garden furniture, etc.

31. Around every public building that
has come down from Colonial times should
be a Colonial garden based upon local
records. The same is true of all the
“Washington’s Headquarters” in every
state for each of these was the best house
in the locality. So, too, with every historic
and genealogical society, every city hall in
a community older than 1776, and every
building preserved by patriotic societies on
account of its historical, literary, archi-
tectural, or scenic interest.

SUGGESTIONS BASED UPON CLIMATE

32. Beginners are never satisfied with the
plants of their own climate. They want
rare, costly foreigners. Colonists always
want to grow the flowers of the mother
country. New countries imitate old ones.

THE LURE OF THE HIDDEN GARDEN
The garden that is all visible at a glance is not so fine as one which stimulates the imagination, and suggests intimate revelations of a refined personality

200

t) BE GA REDEE Ne MANGA: Za oNGe

DECEMBER, 1912

Cold countries try to coddle plants of
warmer regions. Southerns value most the
plants of the other side of the world. Imi-
tation is the bane of gardening; it produces
ugliness, adds to the expense, and tends to
make gardens look too much alike the
world over.

33. True originality consists in working
within the limitations of climate. Let 95
per cent. of your plants be trees, shrubs
and vines native to your environment and
you will have a garden full of ‘“‘local color.”

34. Have a wild garden. Restrict it to
wild and run-wild plants. Use only a few
foreigners which have been proved suitable,
e. g., daffodils, poets’ narcissus. The
classical book on the subject is Robinson’s
“Wild Garden.”

35. This infallible principle will help
you make a unique garden no matter where
you live. Study the local flora. Make the
acquaintance of the best local botanist.
Ask your experiment station for a state flora.

SUGGESTIONS FOR THE SOUTH

36. There are four distinct climates
in the South — Coastal Plain, Piedmont,
mountain, and tropical. The latter con-
sists of four unlike fragments at the
southern extremities of Florida, Texas,
Arizona and New Mexico, and California.
The ideal Southern garden is filled with
plants which the North can never grow.

37. The Coastal Plain can grow to per-
fection the most sumptuous plants in the
world, the broad-leaved evergreens, €.g.,
English ivy and holly, Magnolia grandiflora
and glauca, camellia, Indian azalea, aucuba,
evergreen cherry, palmetto, live oak, banana
shrub, tea olive, and Spanish daggers.

38. The Piedmont region has an altitude
of 700 to r4oo ft. and will grow the northern
trees and shrubs, but what is the point?
Why not have go per cent. of your plants
native to the Piedmont? The Piedmont
can excel the. Northi on box, mahonia,
Amoor privet, fetter bush, drooping an-
dromeda, white Indian azaléa; cotoneasters,
evergreen thorn, Chinese arborvitae, ete.

39. The mountain region of the South
has many lovely plants .which are. found
nowhere else in the world, e. .g., Rhododen-
dron Catawbiense and punctatum, flame
azalea, galax, leucothoé, and Gray’s lily.

40. The tropical region has no large old
gardens but there are a few important
nurseries. Alyssum, hyacinths and tulips
seem out of place in a country where ole-
anders, hibiscus, crinums, poinsettia and
night blooming cereus are hardy.

41. The show garden of the South is
Magnolia-on-the-Ashley twelve miles above
Charleston, S. C. It has eleven acres of
azaleas. Go to see the camellias in March
and the azaleas in April. It is on a Colonial
estate and is the most inspiring and prac-
tical garden for people who live on the
Coastal Plain, the region characterized by
long-leaf pine and live oaks hung with moss.

42. Winter residents of the Carolinas and
Georgia make the mistake of imitating
Northern gardens and buying Northern

nursery stock. What is the point of
growing lilacs, spireas, and snowballs in a
climate adapted to Cherokee and Banksian
roses, Carolina jasmine, crépe myrtle?

SUGGESTIONS BASED ON THE SOIL

43. Since the finest gardens grow out of
soil, climate, environment, the first thing
is to know what your soil is best for.
Therefore, write the Bureau of Soils,
Washington, D. C., for a “map and descrip-
tion of the soils of your area or the one
most like it.” This will give you the
name of your soil type, what fruits and
vegetables thrive best on it, and the longest-
lived trees.

44. If you have sandy soil don’t spend a
fortune on manure, soil, and watering to have
a garden like everybody’s. Have a unique
garden full of sand-loving plants like juni-
per, red cedar, pitch pine, bayberry, white
birch, hickory, hornbeam, locust, scrub-
oak, sassafras, wild cherry, blackberry,
broom, hazel, sumach, cockspur thorn,
witch hazel, yucca, lupines, pinks, etc.

45. A clay soil naturally suggests a rose
garden. On sandy soil do not attempt it,
(except as to Wichuraiana and rugosa
hybrids) but buy a few roses budded on the
dog rose instead of manetti.

46. People who live in limestone districts,
or wherever the water is hard, should not
try to grow in quantity the lime-haters,
e. g., rhododendrons, azaleas, mountain
laurel, cranberry, huckleberry, and other
members of the heath family. Take as
your garden theme the “‘lime-lovers,” e. g.,
box, holly, Japanese yew, beech, Japanese
chestnut, blue grass, thyme, pinks, poppies
and everything that has thriven for many
years in your neighborhood.

47. If the soil is sour, drain and lime
enough of it to grow the common fruits,
vegetables and flowers. Save the rest for
a peat or bog garden and bog lilies, in-
sectivorous plants, and members of the
heath family. See “What England Can
Teach Us About Gardening,’ Chapters
VII and XXIII.

48. When visiting the most famous
collection of evergreens in the Old World
Downing wrote: ‘“‘ Everything in the shape
of an evergreen seems.=to thrive in: this
light sandy soil, and I suggest to the
owners of similar waste land in middle
and southern states, to take the hint from
this part of Dropmore — plant here and
there in the openings the same evergreen
trees, protecting them by slight paling
at first, and gradually cleaning away all
the common growth as they advance
into beauty. In this way they may get
a wonderfully interesting park —in soil
where oaks and elms would never grow —
at a very trifling outlay.”

SUGGESTIONS FROM THE POETS

49. Petrarch (1304-1374) had a garden
for contemplation. It overhung the source
of a river and was terminated by rocks and
by places accessible only to birds. See
Sieveking’s “Praise of Gardens,”’ page 32.

50. Another garden designed by Petrarch
was dedicated to Bacchus. In the midst
of it was a rapid river. The approach was
over a bridge of rocks. The garden-con-
tained a grotto where the sun never pene-
trated.

51. A garden founded on Psalm CIV is
described by Bernard Palissy (1508-1589).
It contained eight arbors of terra cotta
covered with enamel and then fired SO ‘as
to get a smooth surface that would last
forever and be of many fine colors and
patterns.

52. “Shakespeare gardens” are, as a
tule, not beautiful as he mentioned few
plants, and most of them were medicinal
herbs or weeds. But the following picture
could be realized at a cost of $50 to $500:

I know a bank whereon the wild thyme blows,
Where ox slips and the nodding violet grows; ,
Quite over-canopied with luscious woodbine,
With sweet musk roses and with eglantine.

53. Any one who has an ugly canal to
deal with might reproduce, by means of
oriental planes, poet’s narcissus, and other
bulbs suitable for naturalizing a bit of
garden magic described by Tennyson in
“Recollections of the Arabian Nights.”

54. Whoever wishes a rose arbor might
use madonna lilies and lavender as a vista-
point, as suggested in Tennyson’s “Ode to
Memory.”

MISCELLANEOUS SUGGESTIONS

55. Pliny (A. D. 62 to 116) had an out-
door sleeping room consisting of a private
recess with a couch. It had an agreeable
gloominess, being vine-clad overhead. Im-
agine yourself in a wood, but not exposed
to weather. There was a fountain that
suddenly rose and instantly disappeared.

56. Pliny alsd liked to eat outdoors.
Sometimes he used the basin of a fountain
for a table.

57. A garden for the blind could be made
of plants with fragrant leaves and flowers.
“* The Book of the Scented Garden”’ by F.
W. Burbidge might help; Also “The Book
of Herbs” by Lady Rosalind Northcote.

58. Solomon (B. C. 1033-975) had a
garden composed chiefly of fruit and spice.
It contained the cedar of Lebanon. The
odor of it must have been delightful. In
Florida or California a gorgeous eaden
might be developed.

59. Sieveking wished to build a Worary
in a garden. In the centre-of the garden
connected with the house by. a pergola, an
octagonal book tower, like Montaigne’s,
was to rise upon arches forming an arbor
of scented shade. He desired windows at
every angle as in the library at Pliny’s
villa.

60. Queen Elizabeth was fond-of garden
pageants. Possibly a new kind of garden
would be suggested by running over the
literature of modern pageants, Ben Greet’s
Shakespearean performances, and: the out-
door theatres of Italy, some of which are
described in Edith Wharton’s “Italian
Villas and Their Gardens.”

Annual ‘

*Round-up”’ of Gardening Achievements

A CHRISTMAS SYMPOSIUM OF EXPERIENCE BY READERS OF ‘‘THE GARDEN MAGAZINE”? WHO HAVE GOTTEN BIGGER
OR EARLIER FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWERS, OR SOLVED PECULIAR PROBLEMS IN SOME CHEAPER OR BETTER WAY

' Gardening for Profit
: By L. J. D-., Massachusetts

HIS is the story of one man who
actually made money out of his
gardening hobby, with an invest-

ment of a very small amount.
He started in 1901 with a coldframe
which he made out of second-hand boards,
the whole thing costing $15. In this
frame he made early plantings, one of the
secrets of his success, of Celosia cristata
seed, which cost $1, and of $1 worth of
annuals, and he also bought $5 worth of
geraniums. He potted the coxcombs and
made a big bed of them in his garden, and

Leaf mold is provided by having the cleanings
from the streets brought in

The first greenhouse was attached to the veranda, and it kept plants growing

the annuals he planted in a border around
the front of his house.

In the frame, after the seedlings had
been removed, he sowed pansy seed, the
best he could buy, which cost $7.50, and
from a few left-over hydrangeas he took
cuttings and struck them in sand. About
fifty rooted.

In order to carry over these plants, he
enclosed a little veranda at a cost of $50,
which was heated by the warmth from the
house coming through the open windows.
Cuttings were taken from the geranium
plants and rooted in a mixture of loam and
sand, the old plants being stored in the
cellar in boxes, the roots covered with
loam.

At the end of the season, he had spent
$79.50.

In order to improve the quality of his

The coldframe was home made and was kept
working constantly

201

all winter.

soil he made arrangements to have the
leaves that were gathered in the streets
that fall distributed over his garden, over
which he spread one cord of manure ($5)
and four loads of loam ($6).

He built a potting bench in the cellar,
the lumber for which cost him $2.50. He
also made another coldframe, digging it
out deeply and banking it up on the sides.
This cost him $19.50 — $5 for the boards,
$4 for labor and $10.50 for sash.

In October he bought 300 pans from
a pottery for $30; 1,000 first hyacinths,
$65; 2,000 forcing tulips in variety, $24;
1,000 mixed tulips for the open, $10; 1,000

narcissus (Von Sion, Golden Spur, Prin-

The house cellar became the potting shed. Bone

meal is freely used

A better one was built later

202

HSE GAGs Dei mN

MAGAZINE

DECEMBER, 1912

ceps), $15, a total expenditure of $144.
He made up 150 pans of tulips, twelve to
a pan; 75 pans of hyacinths, eight to a
pan; 50 pans of narcissus, twelve in each;
and the balance of the bulbs he put in
boxes to use for cutting. All these were
put in the new coldframe and covered well
to keep out the frost.

In January he commenced bringing them
indoors for flowering. He placed a little
card in several stores, announcing the fact
that he had these plants for sale, and
placing on exhibition a specimen pot of
tulips and hyacinths. He sold 125 pans
of tulips for $125; 65 pans hyacinths, $65;
40 pans narcissus, $40, a total of $230.
The flowers from the bulbs that were
planted in boxes brought him $85.

In February he had little envelopes
made and printed for the coxcomb seed
he had saved the year before. Each
envelope contained about fifty seeds; he
sold 100 of them at 25 cents each, a total
$25. He also started his own coxcomb
seeds in flats in March and sold 200 of

Hydrangeas like this were raised from cuttings
started in sand

the potted plants later in the season at
to cents each.

The pansies in the coldframes were put
in baskets and sold to the local trade.
Three hundred baskets at 3 cents each
cost $9, but as he sold 150 of them at 15
cents each, his profit on this transaction
was $13.50.

His receipts up to May roth, practically
sa year from the time he made his first
coldframe, were $382.50 and his expenses
$316, including $60 for labor. One hundred
geraniums in thumb pots were subsequently
sold for four cents each, as well as $30
worth of marigolds, zinnias, snapdragon,
etc.,in paper pots. His profit for the year
was “$100.50.

After the coldframes were emptied, one
was used for annual seeds and the other
as a hotbed for forcing along the geraniums
that had been carried through the winter.
These were potted after being cut down,
and plunged in the hotbed. Cuttings were
taken and also struck. In June the old
plants were potted in 5-inch pots and
planted out.

The bulb bed was dug out and completely lined
with wire

Business for the season was over on the
first of June, and whatever stock was left
over was planted out or given away.

In the summer of 10902, this flower
enthusiast decided to enlarge his con-
servatory, which he did at an expense of
$1,800. From 1902 to 1907, his profits
averaged $400. In 1907 he was obliged
to give up the business, which had de-
veloped to such an extent that it required
his hiring two helpers, and at that time
he sold out everything but a few palms

for $200. And his balance sheet showed:
Profit foreigor “2 US saeueee ). ss ) oO. LOON5O
Profit for 1902-7. Bes sts 2,000.00
Salevofustockea nets ey 200.00
$2,300.50
Cost (of conservatory? 2 5 |. 1,800.00
Total profit . $ 500.50

A Mole-Proof Tulip Bed
By B.R.S., Maryland
Y GARDEN planting-book bears on
page 6 this entry: “Fall — 1902, 500
May tulips (names following). All de-
stroyed by moles.” And in the fall of

A good crop of apples was had two years after
planting this dwarf tree

1904 comes a like entry, with the same
depressing note.

But in the fall of 1906 this entry was
made: ‘Tulip bed made over, lined with
wire, and planted with the following
varieties”; and since then there have
been no more depressing entries.

The construction of this mole-proof bed
is quite simple, and is easily understood
by examining the accompanying photo-
graphs. A trench was dug 18 inches deep,
3 feet wide, and as long as desired. On the
bottom, which was made level and smooth,
was laid a strip of 3-inch galvanized wire
netting, 3 feet wide (the width of the
trench), and extending its length. Around
the sides was placed the same netting 2
feet wide, the trench being 18 inches deep,
and the netting extending 6 inches above
the surface of the ground. This side
netting was held in place by wooden
stakes 23 feet long preferably of some
durable wood, driven into the ground
until level with the top of the netting.

Picture No. 1 shows the bed completely

After filling in six inches the bulbs were planted
and the moles outdone

wire-lined and ready for filling, and No. 2
shows it half filled and set with tulip bulbs.
The work was completed by filling with soil.

Aiter the tulips have finished blooming
the bed is sown with a quick growing
annual, which covers the bare space and
hides the wire edging which extends 6
inches above the level. This extension
has been found absolutely necessary, as
without it the moles will enter from above.
They cannot climb. As a_ protection
against their ravages, this scheme has
proved entirely satisfactory, and might
be utilized in various ways for the pro-
tection of other plants

A Lusty Dwarf Apple Tree
By J. E. S., Conn.

N THE spring of 1909 I planted a dwarf
Bismark apple tree one year old from
the bud. In September, ro11z, there were
66 large apples on the tree, one of which
measured 12 inches in circumference. They
were all large, well colored apples; in fact,
4t filled a half-bushel peach basket.

DECEMBER, 1912

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE

203

(Eprtor’s Note.—IWe want to know how suc-
cessful workers do things in order to put actual
experiences before our thousands of readers in all

parts of the country. Every reader is invited to con-
tribute a short note on some interesting experience.
Just state the facts about some ingenious idea that you
have actually worked out yourself or have seen.)

Primulas indoors

The most satisfactory thing last winter
in our window garden was a box of young
polyanthus (Primula elatior vars.). We
wanted to have in the garden an edging of
these beautiful old-fashioned flowers so
sowed a packet of seed in summer, but
some of the plants were so small when
winter came on that we hated to risk them,
not being sure how hardy they would prove
the first winter. We compromised by
setting a dozen of the seedlings in a window-
box filled with good soil and putting it in a
room which received no heat direct but
was warmed by the air from the hall.
Here they grew thriftily in spite of the fact
that the temperature several times ap-
proached the freezing point. By the end
of February buds were showing. In March
the box was a delight. Nearly all the
plants bloomed; the foliage was sturdy and
abundant and not troubled with insects.
The flowers in combinations of red and
yellow were not only bright but some of
them were decidedly sweet scented. In the
spring they were transplanted to the
border.— B. A. H., Penna.

The obstreperous squash

The space devoted to my garden was
rather scanty for all that I wanted to do
last year, so remembering the pumpkins
among the corn on the old homestead, I put
my squash seed in the hills of corn, sup-
posing that squash vines grew just the same
as pumpkin vines. But the way they grew
was marvelous! I thinned out the plants,
but the ones I left soon overtopped the corn,
strangled some of it with their tendrils,
and with their great leaves prevented the
pollen from reaching the corn silk, so that
we had only a few imperfect ears of corn.
I trimmed off and carried out armfuls cf
the vines; still they ran over and through
the four-foot poultry wire trellis of-the peas
on one side, so that whenever I’ gathered
peas I had to “swamp” a path through
the squash vines with. pruning shears.
On the other side they overran the pole
beans, going to the tops of the eight to
ten foot poles and pulling a great many

of them over. At the end, one vine ran
up into the top of an old cherry tree,
where two squashes ripened, hanging from
branches which had never produced such
fruit before. Those vines were fairly
“getting on my nerves,’’ when they finally
met their Waterloo in a heavy frost about
the middle of September.— E. B., Mass.

Ammonia for forcing bulbs

We had unusual success last winter in the
use of ammonia in forcing bulbs. Not only
did we have them at an earlier date than
usual, but the flowers were larger and more
vigorous. Once a week, when watering
them, we used water to which ammonia had
been added in the proportion of a table-
spoonful to a quart. The paper white
narcissus were brought into bloom by this
method in five weeks from planting.—
D. R., Illinois.

Non=blooming wistaria

In looking over the Readers’ Service
department in the February, 1912, GARDEN
Macazine, I saw the query of M. F. T.,
concerning a non-blooming wistaria. I
have read, and it has been my experience,
that wistarias do not bloom to any extent
until they have attained their full growth,
and they will grow and grow for years.
When my vines reach the height and the
size that I desire, I prune the last year’s
growth and my reward in lavish bloom
will come in another year at the longest.
I have a magnificent white wistaria trained
to the housetop and over a tall chimney.
After reaching its limit it has bloomed and
bloomed. Last year it transcended itself;
some of the flower stems were fourteen
inches by actual measurement. Each fall
I mulch all my vines quite heavily with
manure for they are rank feeders. —
J. D. Z., Pennsylvania.

Good words for Henry’s lily

I was sorry to read some comments,
published some time ago in THE GARDEN
MacGaziInE, on the Henryi lily. Several
years ago I planted a Henryi bulb; it
threw up a fine stalk, tall and strong,
and flowered fairly well. The second
season the stalk was almost six feet
high, and bore eighteen flowers, the
period of bloom lasting for three weeks.
The next season there were four stalks,
and that fall I divided it, finding two very
large bulbs and quite a number of smaller
ones. Comparing them with the other
lilies of my garden, I find them the heal-
thiest and most vigorous. The candidum
fails to increase with me, and the lovely
Nankeen lily is capricious, refusing en-
tirely to bloom some years. The specio-
sums are unreliable and often disappear
after two seasons. The auratum lilies,
with the exception of two surprising bulbs
which have bloomed for six successive
years, soon leave me, and are liable, even
the first year, to a black spot. The
beautiful tenuifolium, of course, no one
hopes to keep in this climate. I have

also in my small collection the handsome
Humboldt lily, some Burbank hybrids
in fine shades of scarlet; and the hardy
croceum in salmon and red. But I feel
that the only ones on which I can rely
for growth, bloom, and increase, are the
tiger lily and the Henryi. I find the family
as a whole disappointing; though we
cannot do without them, particularly the
lovely speciosums, both Melpomene and
rubrum, with their beautiful color and
fresh delicate perfume. But among them
all the Henryi holds its own. The rich
yellow flowers with their stripe of pale
green, their refinement of outline, the
handsome leaves and strong joyous growth
make it one of the most delightful for
both house and garden, and I cannot hear
it decried without saying a word in its
defense— H. A. H., Maryland.

White pine scale

The pine needles in the photograph are
thickly infested with the white pine needle
scale, technically known as Chionaspis
pinifolie. Each of these scales covers a
mass of minute reddish eggs which begin
to hatch about the time new growth starts
on the twigs in the spring. The minute
young will crawl about and settle on the
newly forming needles in which they insert
their beaks to suck out the sap. After
they have once settled they remain station-
ary and a waxy scale forms over their
bodies. This insect is sometimes quite in-
jurious to the foliage and may weaken or
kill trees. The remedy is to spray the trees
thoroughly with kerosene emulsion as
soon as the needles on the new growth of the
twigs begin toform. This, of course, will vary
in different localities so that the exact date
cannot be given, but the work must be done
within a short period in order to kill the min-
ute insects before they are settled and are
protected from the treatment by their
waxy scales.— A. D. H., Washington, D. C.

Examine your pine trees; if there is any trace of this
scale, spray with kerosene emulsion in the spring

Ab Neb Dy (Ge UN Jay ID) Jo) IN)

MAGAZINE

DrcEMBER, 1912

CoNDUCTED BY ELLEN Eppy SHAW

Christmas Gifts

NE side of Christmas is made

up of giving. There is lots of

fun in giving after you decide

what to give. This department
each Christmas tries to help its boys and
girls to decide upon suitable gifts. If
one is in the gar-
den business why
not give garden
presents? <A gar-
den gift should
either be a sort of
practical thing or
else something
bringing with it
some of the beauty
and feeling of out-
doors. Now garden
reels, markers,
stakes, seed envel-
opes, plant rests,
baskets, and
stands, are all prac-
tical garden gifts.
Many, yes all, of
these can be made

Forced __lily-of-the-valley
blooms in three weeks

Three garden Christmas gifts—a pow! of blossoming trailing arbutus, a wooden pot rest, and a playhouse for the garden.

at school. They are good pieces of indus-
trial work. Look through the last three
Christmas numbers of THE GARDEN MaGa-
ZINE and you will find in each illustrations
of such articles, and directions for making
them too.

The garden gifts which have feeling in
them are such as these: little evergreen
trees transplanted from the woods into
pots; bowls containig partridge berries,
hepatica, violet and arbutus roots, gold-
thread and moss, all gathered by yourself
and fixed up nicely at home; Chinese lilies
started in pebbles and water; a hyacinth
in a tall glass; a box covered with birch
bark and filled with ferns; cherry, apple
and pussy willow branches forced into
bloom; a tiny garden started in a box for
the baby toenjoy. Such gifts are full of the
feeling of outdoors and gardens and beauty.

Many of these for their preparation de-
mand a trip to the woods. In digging upa
young evergreen tree be sure to take with
the roots plenty of soil. Wrap this ball
of soil and root mass in sacking to carry
home. Be sure the roots have plenty of
spread in their new quarters. If you have

injured the roots any, cut the bruised
end off so no ragged surface is left.

A small garden reel is an excellent piece of knife
work

home with some labor but little expense

Place branches in warm water; leave in the dark
one week; then force in light and heat

Gather the branches for forcing after a
good frost. Dig up moss from the woods
for the plant or
berry bowl. If it
is impossible to
secure this, pur-
chase ten cents’
worth of sphag-
num moss from
the florist. Em-
bed the plants in
wood soil and
moss. Saturate
with water. The
bowl should have
a cover of glass.
Every few days
place the bowl in
direct sunlight.
The water evap-
orates, 1S con-
densed on the un-
der surface of the . By
cover and falls : |
back again into the
bowl.

1}

A green wicker hanging
basket for the piazza

All of these may be prepared at

DECEMBER, 1912

This girl won first prize for

Our Prize Contest Gifts

FREE other side of Christmas is made up
Some of you may not

of receiving.
know about our Christ-
mas gifts. Each year
THE GARDEN MAGAZINE
has a national contest
open to all boys and girls
who garden and to all
schools having gardens.
The prizes for the gar-
dens competing are The
Nature Library and The
Garden Library. Six sets
of these books are given
each year. The individ-
ual prizes are separate
books from The Garden
Library and subscriptions
to our GARDEN Maca-
ZINE. We make our de-
cisions in November of
each year and send out
our prizes as Christmas
gifts.
To tell all about the
conditions which govern

i Eh GyASk DEN M AGA ZIN

“‘the best tiowers raised in a home garden ‘‘

the Boston Elevated

rect to this department. Ask us also to
put your name on our mailing list and
you will receive a contest poster next
spring, and perhaps win a prize too.

mas gifts are the
to us.
Mr. Mahoney,

Prize exhibition of vegetables grown by the Marlboro, Mass., School garden

A prize winner for ‘‘the greatest improvement of unsightly spots ‘‘

Land of

thank letters which come

director of the Fairview

Gardens at Yonk ers, N. Y., says: ‘I write

to acknowledge the receipt
of The Garden Library
and to thank you for the
same. We are delighted
to have these books be-
cause we can use them in
our work here and also we
are proud that we have
won a prize.”’

A little girl writes, “I
received my beautiful
prize which I must say
I am very proud of, and
just to think it was first
prize too. I now have
seven volumes of The
Garden Library. I noticed
there are still two more
volumes to make the com-
plete set. I shall work
hard for them this season.
I have new plans drawn
for my garden which I
think will make a great

our contest would take too long. These

t might be interesting to read an extract
things may be found out by writing di-

improvement in it. I will have pictures
or two from letters of thanks. Our Christ-

taken every mon th next summer.

Greenleaf‘s garden, 24 feet by 16 feet, had eighteen varieties of vegetables,
Second prize

The Fairview Garden, Yonkers, New York.
three years cultivation.‘

«The finest garden of more than
First prize

Ten Acres Enough*—III

(Continued from page 162)

T WAS now the season for me to bustle about,

fix up my land, and get in my crops. I ex-
amined it more carefully, walked over it daily,
and made myself thoroughly acquainted with it.
As before mentioned, it had been utterly neglected
for a whole season, and was grown up with enor-
mous weeds. These, after a day or two of drizzling
rain, when the seed-vessels were so wet as not to
allow their contents to scatter, I mowed off,
gathered into several large heaps, and burned, thus
getting rid of millions of pestiferous seeds. Then
I purchased ploughs, including a subsoiler, a
harrow, cultivator, and other tools. One acre of
the whole was in clover, another was set aside as
being occupied by the dwelling-house, garden,
stable, and barnyard; but much the larger half of
that acre was allowed for garden purposes. This
left me just 9 acres for general fruit and vegetable
culture. I hired a man to plough them up, he
finding his own team, and another to follow him
in the furrow with my subsoiler. The first went
down to inches, and the latter 10 more.

Old Time vs. Modern Ploughing

OW, this business of deep subsoil ploughing is
a matter of indispensable value in all agri-
culture, but especially so in the planting of an
orchard. No tree can thrive as it ought unless
the earth is thoroughly and deeply loosened for the
free expansion of the roots. Ii I could have
ploughed 2 feet deep, it would have been all the
better. The first plough was a tough, forked stick,
of which one prong served as a beam, while the
other dug the earth as a coulter. Of course the
ploughing was only scratching. It would have been
preposterous to expect the ploughman of Hesiod’s or
of Virgil’s time to turn up and mellow the soil toa
depth of 15 inches. Down to the present age,
ploughing was inevitably a shallow affair. But iron
ploughs, steel ploughs, subsoil ploughs, have changed
all this. It is as easy to-day to mellow the earth to
the depth of 2 feet, as it was a century ago to
turn a sward to the depth of 6 inches. Besides,
our trying climate, so different from the moist,
milder one of England, Ireland, or even Holland,
whence our ancestors emigrated, absolutely requires
of us deep ploughing. Drought is our perpetual
danger. Most crops are 20 to 60 per cent. short
of what they would have been with adequate
and seasonable moisture. That moisture exists not
only in the skies above, but in the earth beneath
our plants. Though the skies may capriciously
withhold it, the earth never will, if we provide a
rich mellow subsoil, through which the roots can
descend for moisture.

Maintaining Soil Moisture

‘HE hotter and dryer the weather, the better
our plants will grow, if they have rich, warm
earth beneath them, reaching down to and including
moisture. We cannot, and we need not, plough
so very deep each year to assure this, if the sub-
soil is so underdrained that the superabundant
moisture of the wet season does not pack it. Under-
draining as the foundation, and deep ploughing as
the superstructure, with ample manuring and
generous tillage, will secure us ample crops, such
as any section of our country has rarely seen. Our
corn crop should average 70 bushels per acre.
Every field should be ready to grow wheat, if
required. Every grass lot should be good for 3
tons of hay per acre.

I laid out $200 in the purchase of old, well-
rotted stable manure from the city, spread it over
the ro acres, and ploughed up 9 of them. I then
set out my peach trees on 6 acres, planting them in
rows 18 feet apart, and 18 feet asunder in the rows.

* Copyright, 1905, by Consolidated Retail Booksellers.

This accommodated 134 to the acre, or 804 in all.
These would not be in the way of any other crop,
and in three years would be likely to yield a good

return. The roots of every tree underwent search-
ing scrutiny before it was planted, to see that they
harbored no borers. As trees are often delivered
from the nursery with worms in them, so many of
these were infected. The enemy was killed, and
the butt of each tree was then swabbed with com-
mon tar, extending from where the roots begin to
branch out, about twelve inches up. It is just
about there, say between wind and water, at the
surface of the ground, where the bark is soft, that
in June and September the peach moth deposits
her eggs. From these is hatched the worm which
kills the tree, unless picked out and destroyed.

Hunting Out the Peach Borer

O perform this searching operation on a thou-
sand trees every year, would be laborious and
expensive. There would also be great danger of
its being imperfectly done, as many worms might
escape the search, while the vital power of the
tree would be seriously impaired by permitting
them to prey upon its bark and juices even for a
few months. Prevention would be far cheaper than
curing. The offensive odor of the tar will cause
the moth to shun the tree and to make her deposit
somewhere else; while if any chance to light upon
it, they will stick to the tar and there perish, like
flies upon a sheet of fly-paper.

The tar was occasionally examined during the
season, to see that it kept soft and sticky; and
where any hardening was discovered, a fresh
swabbing was applied. The whole operation was
really one of very little trouble, while the result was
highly remunerative. Thoughtfulness, industry
and a little tar, did the business effectually. I
believe no nostrum of putting ashes around the
butt of a peach tree to kill the worms, or any other
nostrum of the kind, is worth a copper. The only
sure remedy is prevention. Do not let the worms
get in, and there will be no effort needed to get
them out.

I planted none but the rarest and choicest kinds.
Economy of a few cents in the price of a tree is no
economy at all. It is the best fruit that sells the
quickest and pays the highest profit; the best
is cheaper for both buyer and seller.

It is as easy to grow the choicest as the meanest
fruit. I have a relative in Ohio who has a peach
orchard of 11 acres, which has yielded him $5,000
in a single season, during which peaches were selling
in Cincinnati at 25 cents a bushel. It is easy to
understand that his orchard would not have pro-
duced him that sum at that price. No, it did not.
He received $2 a bushel more readily than his
neighbors got 25 cents for the same variety of
peaches, and this is how he did it.

When the peaches had grown as large as a
hickory nut, he employed a large force and put on
185 days’ work in picking off the excess of fruit.
More than one half of the fruit then upon the trees
was carefully removed. Each limb was taken by
hand, and where, within a spacé of 18 inches, there
would be probably 20 peaches, but 6 or 7 of the
fairest would be left to ripen. Thus, by carefully

206

removing all but the strongest specimens, and
throwing all the vigor of the tree into them, the
peaches ripen early, and are remarkable for size
and excellence of quality.

But this was labor! Seven months’ labor of
one man ina small peach orchard! But be it so —
the net profit was between $3,000 and $4,000.
If he had neglected his trees, the owner’s profits
would have been a crop of peaches hardly fit to
feed the pigs. I have profited largely by following
his example, and will relate my own experience later.

I intend to be particular touching my peach
orchard, as well for the gratification of my own
pride, as an incentive to those who cannot be
made to believe Ten Acres Enough. My success
with it has far outstripped my expectations; and
I pronounce a peach orchard of this size, planted
and cultivated as it can be, and will be, by an intel-
ligent man not essentially lazy, as the sheet anchor
of his safety. I was careful to plant none but
small trees, because such can be removed from the
nursery with greater safety than large ones, while
the roots are less multiplied, and thus receive
fewer injuries; neither are they liable to be displaced
by high winds before acquiring a firm foothold
in the ground. Many persons suppose that newly
planted trees should be large enough to be out
of danger from cattle running among them; but
all cattle should be excluded from a young
orchard.

Advantages of Small Trees

]hy USS ONBBES small trees make a better growth,
and are more easily trimmed into proper
shape. All experienced horticulturists testify to the
superior eligibility of small trees. They cost less at
the nursery, less in transportation, and very few fail
to grow. One year old from the bud is old enough,
and the same, generally, may be said of apples and
pears. I dug holes for each tree 3 feet square and
2 feet deep, and filled in with a mixture of the
surrounding topsoil and leached ashes, a half
bushel of the latter to each tree. Knowing that
the peach tree delights in ashes, I obtained 400
bushels from a city soap-works, and am satisfied
they were exactly the manure my orchard needed.
Every root which had been wounded by the spade
in removing the tree from the nursery, was cut off
just back of the wound, paring it smooth with a
sharp knife. The fine earth was settled around
the roots by pouring in water; after which the
mixture of earth and ashes was thrown on until
the hole was filled, leaving a slight depression
round the tree, to catch the rain, and the tree at
about the same level it had maintained when
standing in the nursery.

I did not stake up the trees. They were too
small to need it; besides I should be all the time
on hand to keep them in position. Being a new-
comer, i had no straw with which to mulch them,
to retain the proper moisture about the roots,
or it would have been applied. But the season
turned out to be abundantly showery, and they
went on growing from the start. Not a tree was
upset by storm or wind, nor did one of them die.
I do not think the oldest nurseryman in the country
could have been more successful. ns

Capital a Farming Essential

alee operation made a heavy draft on the small
cash capital which I possessed. But small as it
was, it was large enough to show that capital is
indispensable to successiul farming. Had I been
without it, my orchard would have been a mere
hope instead of a reality, and I might have been
compelled to wait for years before feeling rich
enough to establish it. But when the work of
planting was over, my satisfaction was extreme;
and when I saw the trees in full leaf, giving token
that the work had been well done, I felt that I had

DeEcEMBER, 1912

ADs 1 (En AN ty ID a

MAGAZINE 207

not only learned but accomplished much. I had
been constantly on the ground while the planting
was progressing — had seen for myself that every
tree was cleared of worms — had held them up
while the water and the earth and ashes had been
thrown in and gently packed about the roots —
and had given so much attention in other ways,
as to feel sure that no part of the whole operation
had been neglected; and hence I had a clear right
to regard it as my own job.

The cost of planting this orchard was as follows:

fey PROCS EM 7 CONS < oc ono sodanvscoucoUGeaeDEOC oon $56.28
Planting them, 2 cents 16.08
Ploughing and harrowing....................-.-- . 20.00
Moohushels| otashesmertse ey prs eisvcieceteletstersielaeiselelel- 48.00
IMERNE 5 osacoancoodoosabo De pb oouSEUDOSHHOeGOUED 200.00

$340.36

I have unfairly saddled on the orchard the whole
of $200 for manure, because it went to nourish
other crops which the same ground produced.
But let that go — the land was quite poor, needed
all it got, and I had no faith in farming without
manure. Had my purse been heavy enough, the
quantity should have been trebled.

As I am writing for the benefit of others, who,
I hope, are not yet tired of peaches, let me add
that this fruit will not succeed on ground where
a previous orchard has been recently grown;
neither can one be sure of getting healthy trees
from any nurseryman who grows his on land from
which he had recently produced a similar crop.
The seed must be from healthy trees, and the buds
from others equally free from disease. The peach,
unless carefully watched and attended, is a short-
lived tree. But it returns a generous income to a
careful and generous grower.

Old Trees Cleaned Up

Pes well-grown, bearing trees, which I found in
the garden, were harboring 190 worms among
them when I undertook the work of extermination.
I bared the collar and roots of each tree as far
as I could track a worm, and cut him out. I then
scrubbed the whole exposed part with soap-suds
and a regular scrubbing-brush; after which I let
them remain exposed for a week. If any worms had
been overlooked, the chips thrown out by their
operations would be plainly visible on the clean
surface at the week’s end. Having tracked and cut
out them also, I felt sure the enemy was extermina-
ted and covered up the roots, by first using the swab
of common tar, applying it all around the collar,
and some distance up.

These garden-trees were terribly scarified by
the worms. But the cleaning out I gave them was
effectual. The soap-suds purged the injured parts
of the unhealthy virus deposited by the worms,
leaving them so nice and clean that the new bark
began immediately to close over the cavities, and
soon covered them entirely. I thus saved ten valu-
able bearing trees. Then I shortened in the long,
straggling branches, for the peach will certainly
grow sprawling out on every side,
forming long branches which break
down under the weight of a full
crop at their extremities, unless
the pruning knife is freely used
every season. All this was the
work of less than a day, and
shows that if peach orchards per-
ish after bearing only two or three
crops, it may be attributed solely
to mere neglect and laziness on
the part of their owners. They
plant trees, refuse to take care of
them, and then complain if they
die early. The world would soon
be without pork, if all the pigs
were as much neglected. These
1o trees have never failed to
produce me generous crops of
luscious fruit. I cannot think of
any investment which has paid
me better for the slight labor ann-
ually required to keep them in
good condition.

I have tried with entire success
two other methods of protecting
peach trees from the ravages of

the worm. I have found gas-tar equally effectual
with the common tar, and much more easily ob-
tained. But care must be taken not to cover a height
of more than 4 to 6 inches of the butt of the tree.
If the whole stem from root to branch be covered,
the tree will surely die. Another method is to in-
close the butt in a jacket of pasteboard, or even
thick hardware paper, keeping it in place with a
string, and lowering it an inch or two below the
ground, so as to prevent the fly having access to the
soft part of the bark. These jackets will last 2 or
3 years, as they should be taken off at the approach
of winter, to prevent them from becoming a harbor
for insects. But they are an infallible preventive.
I have recently procured a supply of the thick
tarred felt which is used for making paper roofs,
to be cut up and turned into jackets. This material
will last for years, being water-proof, while the
odor of the gas-tar in which it has been steeped is
peculiarly offensive to the whole tribe of insects.

(To be continued)

The Crop That Grows in Winter

IERTAIN crops go “‘out of style,’’ sometimes
for generations, and then suddenly every-
body is surprised that their merits have been for-
gotten so long. This is the position that rye is
in just now, particularly on the small farm, but
there is no reason for it. Although the early
settlers in a country frequently use it to rob the
land of its fertility, regardless of the future, rye is
a soil builder and helper if it is properly employed.
It possesses characteristics which are rare and ex-
cellent and that are of the utmost value to the man
who is working his land to make it pay dividends.
Firstly, it is a winter crop, occupying lands that
would otherwise be idle, and growing apace while
other plants are dormant. Sown in the pleasant
weather of September, or in fact at any time up to
Christmas (though the earlier the better), its roots
invest the soil to such an extent that washing is
prevented, and a large amount of humus is left
in the soil. Early sowing has the advantage of
giving a long season for growth and requiring less
seed. Where five pecks of seed is required late in
the season, three will do if it is sown in September.
As the crop develops, the first dividend should
be taken from it all the warm days of autumn, by
pasturing on it the sheep and cows. This also
keeps it from heading out, and forces it to spread,
or tiller, which means the multiplication of seed-
bearing stalks. The later growth, when there is
no longer fear of heading, will remain on the ground
to catch the first snows and hold them as a mulch.
The sheep may be pastured on the field for a
time in spring, after the soil is dry enough not to
“punch” and spoil the roots. But there is danger
if the stock is left on it too late in the spring. To
make the best hay it should be cut before the heads
are too far advanced.
Following a May harvest, two other cuttings are

Plant vegetables between the rows ot peach trees and thereby make the orchard
answer two purposes

possible, or the crop may be plowed in, both of
which methods add to the soil instead of robbing it.
If soil improvement be the sole aim, sow all un-
occupied ground to rye and realize that it is smother-
ing the weeds, mellowing the worst soils, preventing
the escape of nitrogen which has proved to be
common where no crop is present. Then profiting
by the winter growth, turn it all in as soon as a
lusty stand shows wind-swept undulations in spring.
This fills the soil with so much vegetable matter
that it will withstand the worst drouth and pro-
duce a bumper crop of some salable product, which
does not deplete the farm. The fertilizing value of
such a process equals the application of many tons
of the best stable manure and is much less costly.

One of the cleverest methods for improving past-
ures, is to turn them over when they become dry
and barren in the heat of late summer, sow the
land to rye, feed this into the autumn, and, resist-
ing the temptation to damage the land by removing
a crop, plow it in May, seeding to a variety of the
best English grasses. To mow this the first season
will be better than to turn in stock so early in the
formation of the new sod that it will be injured.
This will prevent the loss of a season, and will
greatly multiply the productive and drouth-
resisting capacity of that land.

Connecticut. HOLiisTtER SAGE.

Handling the Refuse

pees each garden crop is gathered in the fall
there is a quantity of refuse, such as pea and
bean vines, roots, squash, melon and pumpkin
vines, ungathered remains of vegetables, etc.
Burning such waste material should be done only
when'plant diseases have badly infested it. It should
be turned into the soil as soon as possible in the fall.

Use a plow, or in a large garden where a disc or
cutaway harrow will work, this vegetable may be
cut into the soil and wheat or rye planted over
it during moist weather. The lateness of the
season limits the gardener to only a few soiling
crops. Rye is really about the best at this late
season, as it grows quickly, is hardy and makes
quite a growth before it is turned under in the
spring. Of course, it has not the nitrogen-yielding
qualities of the clovers, but the bean and pea vines
will make up for this.

In my own garden last year every vestige of
vegetables left after the products were gathered
was turned into the soil— cabbage stumps, corn
stumps, vines, leaves from the fruit trees and bushes,
and clippings from the hedges. I used less pre-
pared fertilizer than usual, yet my garden was
more successful than usual, enduring a spell of
dry weather which, in other seasons under other
methods, would have proved disastrous. I attri-
bute it to the action of the humus in the soil, with
the mulch of loose soil maintained by constant
cultivation.

New Jersey. M. Roperts CONOVER.

A Little Farmer
Speaks

To THE Epirors:

Let me say I am delighted with
the new department, ‘‘The Little
Farm.” I hope this will be a
great success and soon expand to
six or eight pages. There are
many professional men, like my-
self, who have a few acres in town,
who love flowers, the small green-
house, and who raise vegetables,
small fruits, keep a cow or two, a
calf, a pig, and other inhabitants
of a small farm, who must be
pleased with just such a paper as
THe GarpdEN MaGazIneE now is.

Could I get time, I think I could
put a few experiences of my own
on paper, which might miss the
waste basket and prove worth
while for your new department.

Ohio. INXS (Ce

(By all means, do so— we want
personal experiences.-The Editors).

TH Ee 1G: ACR DEN eM AS Gear Ze le N a,

DEcEMBER, 1912

Variety Records From a
New York Garden

FINE display of roses is not difficult to have

if their requirements are properly attended
to.. The soilin which they are planted must be fed
well; the plants must be sprayed regularly during
the summer, trimmed close in spring and shortened
in the fall. When cutting blossoms, take good long
stems. Pansies and bachelor buttons grow well
among the roses and keep the beds from looking
forlorn when the roses are gone, and one of my rose
beds is a golden and silvery mass with California
poppies, self sown after the first year.

Each year I dally in making up my flower beds
until the self sowers have peeped above ground.
Seedlings self sown are so vigorous; and each spring
after the first year you will find the beds full of
poppies, alyssum, larkspur, perennial phlox,
aquilegia, etc.

The veranda of my bungalow is always a delight
to me during the summer. On the east corner is a
Madame Plantier rose and a honeysuckle vine
which wander all over the rail. Next is a dainty
small-clustered pink rambler, close to a yellow
rambler in the south corner; both run up to the
roof and bloom profusely every year. On the front
of the veranda are a white rambler and a climbing
La France rose which also bloom to the porch roof.
Between these is a tamarack bush which is a
feathery pink mass of bloom in May and a mass
of green feathery foliage in June. These roses are
planted on the edge of an asparagus bed which is
heavily manured each spring and fall, feeding
generously the roots of the ramblers. In the early
spring they are cleared of all dead wood and in-
truding honeysuckle vines, but care is taken to
allow the long runners to hang to the ground.
These make a glorious mass of bloom in June and
heavy, glossy foliage all summer.

The climbing La France was laid down and cov-
ered the first winter, but the second winter we
decided to leave it on its wires as it had been all
summer. As we found no difference in the bloom-
ing, we have decided that it is not necessary to
lay down the vines but simply to mulch well in the
fall. They do not need heavy pruning, only
enough to cut away the dead wood and keep the
vines well trained. The dark green foliage of a
hazel bush at the south corner of the piazza sets
off the blooming roses to advantage.

Sweet William forms a ground cover beneath the
roses and chrysanthemums at the back make a
continuous bloom from May to November, with
the narcissus at the edge followed by a white candy-
tuft border.

A very successful and ever-blooming fence cover
I have found by planting Crimson Rambler and
honeysuckle vines alternating on and between the
fence posts with white Baby Ramblers just in front,
snapdragon between the Baby Ramblers and sweet
alyssum at the edge. The white rambler blooms all
summer until a severe frost appears.

The standard Hiawatha rambler has been a great
joy in my formal garden, which is sunken at the
foot of great rocks, blooming as it does after all
June roses have finished. The single flower has a
crimson edge and a white centre, with a large cluster
of golden stamens. The branches droop from the

main stem and are a glorious ball of bloom for two
weeks. All the ramblers I have found to be free
from disease and insects, and this one is the only
standard rose with which I have had any success.
I trim it to shape in the spring as well as fall, and
take particular care to cut away the Manetti stock
suckers, as they often run three feet away from the
centre stalk. A standard Paul Neyron was beau-
tiful for many years, but a severe winter killed it,
much to my regret.

The William Allen Richardson rose has given me
great pleasure. I have seen it in only one other
garden and do not understand why it is not more
generally grown. It is entirely free from attacks
of diseases and insects, is perfectly hardy, is semi-
running and therefore trimmed only to eliminate
the dead wood in spring. It grows best if given a
trellis such as I have invented for my bushes —
a very simple one made by sticking in the ground at
an angle slight bamboo canes about six feet long

Is there anything quite so decorative as a climbing
rose in full bloom? This is a climbing Egan

and then crossing with other similar canes. By
fall the bushes have covered the canes, which are
then invisible. The roses bloom on both sides of
the trellis.

The flowers of the W. A. Richardson rose are
very “sporty” both as to shade and number, some-
times a single bloom, but more often the flowers
appearing in clusters. As to color, it varies from a
true salmon to a white edge with orange centre,
giving the whole gamut of salmon shading. The
buds are an exquisite, dainty shape of medium size;
the foliage is always clean and fresh-looking with
the tender ends of the branches red-tipped. It
blooms from May until frost and I have often
covered the bunches of buds with a muslin bag on
cold nights so as to be able to pick roses in Nov-
ember. It is a Hybrid Tea and although a low-
budded Holland stock, I have not found much
annoyance with the running of the stock under the
ground.

I have four different moss roses, which are easily
srown: The crested moss, a short, thick, pink
bud, almost covered with short, mossy sepals and
thornless; the old-fashioned delicate, long-pointed
pink bud with long, mossy sepals often extending
far beyond the bud, which has a prickly stem; then
the beautiful Louise, a white moss bud with shorter,
hairy sepals and sticky, prickly stems; and lastly,
the scarlet short bud with short, mossy sepals, which
is a profuse bloomer. All these are very hardy
and grow quite tall. They need trimming only to
keep them in shape; and spraying to keep away rust.
They require plenty of feeding.

My real rose beds are laid out just below a wall
three feet high which separates them from the
formal garden. The central walk runs from the
sundial down three steps, through the centre of the
rose beds. And in these beds the most satisfactory
roses have been General Jacqueminot, Madame
Gabrille Luizet, Frau Karl Druschki, Baroness
Rothschild, Soleil d’Or, Gruss an Teplitz, Mrs.
John Laing, Persian Yellow, Ulrich Brunner, M.
Boncenne, and the four moss roses. The riot of
color is gorgeous, as I always buy ten of a kind so
that there will be enough of one variety for mass
effects.

Each spring or fall I plant some new variety to
enlarge my scheme. Last spring I put in Mrs. R.
G. Sharman-Crawford, which is a delicate pink;
also White Clio, White Killarney, Liberty, and the
gorgeous low-growing Austrian Copper.

New York. A. VAN GELDER.

A Standard Frau Karl Druschki

O THE south of my garden is a brick wall
eight feet high which in summer shades a
strip of ground several feet wide, except for a part
of each day. Finding that the Frau Karl Druschki
roses did not stand the heat well, I concluded to
put one of them two feet to the north of this wall
and then to let one stem come up and to trim off
all the lower branches, making a tall plant, with a
head near the top, that would get the sunshine
while the roots would be shaded.

My plant throve and to hold it up I got a piece
of old gas pipe, three quarters of an inch in diameter
and seven feet high. This I drove into the ground
for a foot and then tied my rose bush to it. The
rusty pipe was not noticeable and I had many
beautiful roses at the top of my bush while the
roots were in the shade nearly all day long. One
branch had seven immense blooms upon it at one
time.

South Carolina. GrorcE S. Holmes.

A Word of Appreciation

1 YOU have never grown the American pillar
rose, try it in your garden this year. Its leaves
are very glossy and are not attacked by insects.
In our opinion, the plant is of great beauty. The
blossoms are like a single wild rose, but with white
centres, however, and deep pink petals. The
stamens are yellow. The roses appear in great
profusion, six or seven on one spray, and make a
mass of color when seen at a distance. Those in
my garden grow upon a trellis.
New Jersey. ELizABETH W. WHITE.

DECEMBER, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 209

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Our COLONIAL Style at $365, and our PETITE GRAND at $650, represent the high-

est standard of values in tonal quality, wearing quality and price. no dealer
handles them, you can buy direct at our regularly established one price. Very easy
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Massachusetts apples of the highest quality, with the true Eastern
flavor. Hand picked, hand wrapped. Packed in corrugated card-
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|Country Life In America

is all you could desire, if you use

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For Lighting, Cooking, Water Heating,

First quality (Fancy) . . . $3 a box
Second Quality (No.1) . . $2 a box

Express paid to any point east of Chicago. Send check with order, Express
or write for particulars.

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“It’s the flavor that counts.’’ Walter A. Dyer, Proprietor

Laundry, etc.
“It makes the House a Home’’
Write today for circular.

Economy Gas Machine Co., Rochester, N. Y.

“Economy’’ Gas is Automatic, Sanitary and Not Poisonous

The Readers’ Service will give information about the latest automobile accessories

TSE 1G FAR) BING VSG Gre Ne Ziel New

THE OLD ENGEISE
GARDEN owes much of its

charm to the beauty of its simple
herbaceous plants.

KEEWAYS, COLOUR
BORDERS of Paeonies,
Delphiniums, Pyrethrums, Gail-
lardias and the like will enable
you to reproduce this picturesque
effect under almost all conditions
of soil and climate. Borders are
planned to fill any space, and
on receipt of dimensions, care-
fully selected plants are sent
beautifully packed, labelled and

numbered in order for planting.

The cost is $6.00 for every
10 square yards.

Full particulars and illustrations are given in
the Kelway Manual of Horticulture mailed
free on application to

KELWAY & SON

141-145 West 36th St., N. Y. City

CUntefor nen? ae
Tt comes toyou by

mn

SEAS CLE

SETS

Deepen
KELWAY & SON

The Royal Horticulturists
LANGPORT ENGLAND

If you wish information about dogs

apply to the Readers’ Service

DECEMBER, 1912

The Romance of Our Hawthorns
(Continued from page 192)

SPISSIFLORA, is a tall arborescent shrub,
e or a small tree, 15-20 feet high, with upright
branches, almost fastigiate, forming a dense oval
head. The r1o-stamened flowers, with light rose
anthers, open from May 15 to 20. The large, full
subglobose, lustrous, bright scarlet fruits, on short
pedicels forming dense clusters, begin to assume
color about the middle of August, but are not fully
ripe until the middle of September, and fall about
the end of September.

The next two species are in the Flabellate group,
which are mostly characterized by large fan-like
leaves, and corymbs less hairy than in the Molles
group. C. gloriosa assumes the dimensions of a tree
20-30 feet high with tortuous ascending and spread-
ing branches, which often forms a dense compact
head. The leaves are ovate-oval, rounded at the
base, markedly convex by the folding of the leaves
toward the mid-ribs. The 7-10 stamened flowers
with blush-colored anthers, on hairy corymbs, open
about May 20. The very large, obovate-oblong,
lustrous bright scarlet fruits, ripen about the first
of September and fall toward the end of the month.
The iruits are always distinguished by a mammillate
process at the base, and at the insertion of the
pedicel. Dr. Sargent alludes to this species as one
of the handsomest of the hawthorns of the north-
western United States. When laden with its hand-
some fruits it is certainly a cynosure where it occurs.

C. pedicillata has already been described.

The two following species are in the group Medi--
oxame:: C. Barryana, an arborescent shrub 15-18
feet high with ascending and spreading branches.
The leaves broadly ovate, rounded to subcordate at
the base. The 1o-stamened flowers, with rose an-
thers, on perfectly smooth corymbs, open about
May 25. ‘The short oblong dark scarlet pruinose
fruits, depressed at both ends, ripen about the
middle of October and continue without loss of
color, until about the first of December.

C. spulens is an upright branching arborescent
shrub 15-20 feet tall. The branches are usually
fastigiate. The broadly ovate leaves have a triangu-
lar outline, and they are usually deeply cordate
at the base. The 10-stamened flowers, with purple
red anthers, on smooth corymbs, flower about May
20th. The short, oblong red fruits, slightly tapering
at the base, and broad at the apex, ripen about
the end of September, and fall about the first of
November.

In the Intricata group is C. fetida (the specific
name has no particular application), an arborescent
shrub 1o-15 feet high, with very intricate tortuous
spreading, and ascending branches. The ovate to
oval leaves are rounded to truncate at the base, and
concave by the leaves slightly folding upwards.
The 1o-stamened flowers, with white anthers, on
glabrous corymbs, which when they are unfolding
have numerous densely glandular bracts, open about
June 5th. The subglobose to short-oblong fruits,
brownish red, ripen about the first of October and
fall about the first of November.

In the Dilatate group, which so far contains
very few species, we have C. Durobravensis described
above and need not be repeated.

The last species is in the Virides group. C.
nitida is often a tree 30 feet high, with stout spread-
ing and erect upper branches, forming an irregular
head. The leaves are lanceolate to oblong — obo-
vate, cuniate and tapering at the base. The 15-20
stamened flowers, with white anthers, on smooth

f 4
f
[
la

ne ee ee

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

A Woman of Genius By Mary Austin

Author of “‘Isidro’’, ‘Christ in Italy’’, etc.

Suppose you felt it in you to become a great emotional actress, an. artist,
or professional woman—would your husband help or hinder you? Does
he consider your proper duties to be the humdrum round of domestic routine?
—What would your friends say? Suppose your husband and relatives did not
think the work you longed to do was “‘nice”—for a woman. Would you quit?
This is the situation Olivia Lattimore faces in Mrs. Austin’s story. It is a
powerfully conceived motive, whether you like the outcome or not. Wet, $1.35.

| Fall Announcement of New Novels

The Street of the Two Friends By F. Berkeley Smith

Author of “A Village of Vagabonds,” etc.

To the little studio at the top of the house in the Rue des Deux Amis comes
many a friendly footstep, presaging adventure after the fashion of the viede Bohéme.
It is a vivid chronicle of men and women who live in an atmosphere of color and
emotion —a striking companion picture of pulsing Parisian life. with which
the author follows his idyllic tale of “A Village of Vagabonds.” Illustrated
and decorated. Net, $1.50.

Rolling Stones
By O. Henry

Like a true genius, O. Henry kept no records
of his work, as he had none of the egoism that
is the bane of these days. So it was after follow-
ing many false trails that the material for
“Rolling Stones,’ the last of the O. Henry
volumes, was collected. This book contains
ten short stories, quantities of verse, the
whimsical contents of his paper, ‘Rolling
‘Stones,’ some photographs and quaint pen and
ink and wash drawings. Illustrated. Net,
$1.20.

The Lure of Life

By Agnes and Egerton Castle
Authors of “The Pride of Jennico,”’ etc.

When the young scholar, whose world was
of books suddenly found himself Sir Ughtred,
master of a great English estate, he presently
woke to the fact that there were whirlpools
of human feeling in him which he had never
imagined. Around this striking figure the
authors have wrought a tale full of passion and
color, when Sir Ughtred comes into contact
with the two women who affect his life. Net,
$1.35.

Knocking the Neighbors
By George Ade

George Ade is back on his own ground in this
book and that means a volume of the best fun
that the American public has chuckled over for
a long time. It is his first book in several
years and you'll be glad he is back. Illustrated.
Net, $1.00.

Brotherly House _§,,,2y.GraceS. Richmond

Family quarrels are silly anyway. They arealso uncomfortable things. Just

Should a Married Woman

Be absolutely dependent upon her husband
financially ?

Has she a right to a portion of his income
legally set aside in her name in return
for the part she bears in the home?

Should she be helpless to prevent her hus-
band from mortgaging home and lands
when she does not approve of the expend-
itures?

Is the rearing of children a duty when she
is never considered and never given a
voice in affairs which are mutually vital?

These are some of the problems which are discussed in

The Wind Before the Dawn

By DELL H. MUNGER

Ree CN
wee

We shall use the Grasshopper as a symbol of this
story because one of the most thrilling chapters tells
of the great plague which sweeps like a storm
cloud across the Kansas prairies. Whenever you
see the grasshopper think of this.

Fight illustrations in colors
By THOMAS FOGARTY
Atall Book-shops. Net, $1.35.

Elkan Lubliner: American
By Montague Glass

Author of “‘Potash and Perlmutter,”’ etc. *
’ This is the story, rich in possibilities, of the
process of Americanizing our adopted country-
men. All the insight into human nature and
all the whole-hearted fun which so captivated
the thousands of readers of “Potash and Perl-
mutter,” and “Abe and Mawruss,” are found
afresh in this new book. Underneath the
eas and fun is a big dramatic idea. Net,
1.20.

Chasing the Blues
Text and Cartoons by

R. L. Goldberg

If you have gone a long time without a
laugh, a real laugh, look at one of Goldberg’s
cartoons: “They All Look Good FarAway”
or “I’m the Guy”’or‘‘ Telephonies” or “ Ancient
History in Modern Frames.” And if you
haven’t seen any of his poker cartoons, you
have missed a lot of real fun. Net, 50 cents.

The Royal Road

By Alfred Ollivant

Author of “Bob, Son of Battle,” etc.

This is the story of Ted Hankey, whose life,
absolutely in the grip of circumstance, the
plaything of the giant Industry, moves surely
and triumphantly to the Great Vision. In
Ted’s heart there blossoms a little flower of
hope which nothing stunts or kills; he whistles
through days gray and sodden; and the light
of his leading shines clearer and steadier as the
climax of this wonderful story approaches.
Net, $1.25. ;

Madame Mésange By F. Berkeley Smith

Author of “A Village of Vagabonds,” “The Real Latin Quarter,” etc.

“wer vot

a Sy ee

such a quarrel had built up barriers between the Kingsley boys and girls, until
a family gathering was impossible, because they didn’t even speak to one an-
other. One thing happened, however, that brought them to a loving sympathy
—and a Christmas party. It is an ideal gift book. Frontispiece by Thomas
Fogarty. Paper Net, 50 cents. Leather Net $1.00. .

By Sarah Comstock

The Soddy

When nineteen-year-old Terry, astride a bony old gray cow-pony, bare-
headed, her girlish slimness evident in a dress of heavy blue woolen, crosses the
path of Dexter Hayden, the enthusiastic young pioneer fresh from an Eastern
University, the love story finds its first impetus. From the brilliant blue-skied
days when they hopefully plow the wilderness together we- watch the two
characters building a climax of dramatic intensity. Decorated Wrapper. Net,
$1.30.

In “Madame Mésange,” Berkeley Smith takes us back into the Normandy
which was the picturesque setting of his ‘‘ Village of Vagabonds.” ‘The little
story has the delightful sentiment and delicate coloring of this artist-author’s
work and brings back a vision of the Normandy coast about which Mr. Smith
has cast such a haunting charm. Frontispiece. Net, so cents.

The Heather Moon ®y¢.N. &4. M. Williamson

The Heather moon is the moon for falling in love. It comes in August, be-
fore the honey moon, when the heather is in a glory of purple blossom. In this
book, the Williamsons tell of the adventures of Barribel MacDonald. The
charm of the Scottish countryside runs through its pages, and there is a very
interesting love story which unfolds under the skilful touch of these two popular
writers. Decorated Wrapper and Lining pages. Net, $1.35.

Publications of Doubleday, Page & Company

A Beautifully Ilustrated Holiday Catalogue Sent Free on Request

THE GARDEN DOAVG A ZENE

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is 7o— Harper's Weekly i citys [bio fe ee ERI eg ee NMR eee Garden Magazine 1
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Clip the combination you ant and mail to-day to

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It is the amount to remit.

T BE GARD EON eM AgG PAaZ Le INneB:

Holiday Editions and Gift Books

Retrospections of an Active Life By John Bigelow

This work 1s one ot the richest records of public life in American annals.
John Bigelow, whose death in ror2 closed a career of ninety-two years, was un-
questionably one of the most interesting figures in recent American history.
Tn these two concluding volumes Mr. Bigelow brings his record from 1867 to

1879 — that after-the-war-period which is one of the most vital through which’

Volume IV, 1867-71; Volume V, 1872-79. Each
50. Complete sel of 5 volumes, including three

the nation has ever passed.
volume, nel, $4.00; 2 volumes, net, $7.
books previously issued, net, $15.00.

Songs From Books
By Rudyard Kipling

Mr. Kipling says of this Book: “Here will
be found the greater part of the verses scattered
through my novels and stories, with the excep-
tion of children’s stories. In several instances
where only a few lines or stanzas were originally
used, I have given in full the song, etc., whence
they were taken.”

It is surprising with how fresh an appeal
these verses come to one in this collected form.
Net, $1.40

The Man Farthest Down

es. Booker T. Washington
Author of
“Up From Slavery,” “‘My Larger Education,”

This is the record of a trip made by Dr.
Washington for the purpose of studying con-
ditions in Europe, and it is a most illuminating
book. There is no one whose keen sympathy
and understanding enables him really to depict
so well the conditions of the man farthest down.
Net, $1.50.

The Book of Woodcraft

By Ernest Thomeeee Seton
Author of
“Two Little Savages,’ “‘Rolf in the Woods,” etc.

Mr. Seton has here developed the woodcraft
principles set forth in his earlier interesting
manual, “The Birch-Bark Roll.” By Wood-
craft he means nature study, certain kinds of
hunting, the art of camping and all good out-
doct athletics. No writer deals with out-door
life in so fascinating a way as Mr Seton.
Tilustrated, Cloth, net, $1.75.
24th.)

Just-So Stories By Radvacdkaphiae

It is hard to prevent our enthusiasm from running away with us when we
come to speak of Mr. Gleeson’s work in illustrating the “Just-So Stories.”
After many years of close study and innumerable sketches, Mr. Gleeson has
executed a series of twelve drawings in full colors, which we and many others
believe are the best things that have ever been done. We believe that any one
who loves the “ Just-So Stories” will experience anew and unexpected delight when
he sees Mr. Gleeson’s illustrations. Net, $2.50. 12 Illustrations in colors byJ.M.
Gleeson. This edition is the firstimpression from new ty pe.

etc.

for the story of “Kim.”

Reminiscences of the South Seas By John LaFarge

Author of “100 Masterpieces of Painting,” “Great Masters,” etc.

Among the artists the thing for which Mr. LaFarge stood preéminently
was his pictures of the South Seas. He left behind hima journal and series
of letters covering his stay in Samoa and Fiji, which show in words the same sense
of the rich charm of color and line that make his paintings things of beauty.
Ilustrations, 32 im color, 16 im black and white, by the author. Net, $7.50.

Illustrated his Pater

For all lovers of Kipling the present edition will
be a treasure, both for its finished workmanship
and also asatribute to John Lockwood Kipling,
who in his day was said to know more about India
than any other man in or out of it.
is the first impression from new type.

The Man Who Bucked Up _ By Arthur Howard

The man y a. ees upat the age of thirty-eight and in eighteen months
owned a newspaper and was mayor of a town of forty thousand people
tells his own true, frank story. Used to wealth and: luxury, spending thou-
sands of dollars a year in fashionable New York restaurants, a waster) disowned
by. his father, he pulled himself up by the boot-straps. You may not believe
itin a novel, but you'll have to believe Howard’s own story. Net, $1.00.

On The Last Frontier
By Stewart Edward White

Author of “‘The Rules of the Game,” “The Cabin,”
“The Riverman,” etc.

Mr. White has discovered a new Africa by
the simple expedient of finding the real one.
The public has been taught to believe that
Africa consists of lions, rhinos and native
guides. Mr. White has found a real people
whose life is highly interesting and whose
progress is wonderful. And he has seen, too,
the bountiful natural beauties and marvels
which lend fascination to this land of the Last
Frontier. Illustrated. Net, $1.50.

The Book of Grasses

By Mary Evans Francis

This is the first book written for the amateur
which takes up in a simple yet comprehensive
way the common and rare species of grass.
The work is thoroughly scientific in its treat-
ment without being forbidding or dull. Ti/us-
trations, 16 in color and 64 in black and white.
Net, $4.00.

The Spider Book

By John Henry Comstock

This is a scientific work, but is written with ~
the clarity and simplicity of style that has made
the author’s“‘ Manual” aclassicin the literature
of insect life. This first comprehensive book
on the habits and classification of a vast
natural group is a notable contribution to the
literature of science. J/lustrations, x in color
and over 700 in black and white. Net, $4.00.
(Just Out)

Aesop’s Fables Illustrated by Arthur Rackham

By Rudyard Kipling

HIS is a new and beautiful edition of ‘‘Kim,”
made noteworthy by the reproduction in
colors of the terra-cotta placques, executed
by John Lockwood Kipling,

father of the author,

This edition
Net, $3.50.

This volume adds another classic to the list of popular-priced books for which

Arthur Rackham has done such wonderful illustrations. Last year his Grimm’s
“Fairy Tales” had a remarkable success as a Holiday gift-book. The
present volume is uniform in style with his “Alice in Wonderland” and, as can
teadily be imagined, the material has been just as rich in possibilities.
Net, $1.50. De Luxe Edition, 250 copies, net, $10.00.

Charcoals of New and Old New York |

eee Ce ees a ee
Author of “A Day at Laguerre’s,” ‘Col.

By F. Hopkinson Smith Carter, of Cartersville,’ ‘Peter,’ etc.

Tf one were to look over the whole United States it would be difficult to find
a man more peculiarly fitted for this special task than Mr. Smith. Engineer,
artist, author, citizen of the world, he has brought a unique equipment to the
task of picturing the significant scenes of the Great City. Wall Street, the
Brooklyn Bridge, Castle “Garden (where Jenny Lind sang), Old Trinity Church
— these and many others make up this beautiful volume. 20 Jllustrations. Net,
$5.00. Also Limited Edition de Luxe on large paper with special features and
signed by the author, 125 copies only. Price, net, $25.00.

@ ome ee of enisease ele Page & Company

= = ———— ——

DECEMBER, 1912 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 211

KOE Se oe SKK ele Oe EKO he He ENK Oe 0 DH
e e

ie
BREST
‘Christmas
Present

A subscriber writes: “I never
spent an equal sum from which we
received greater pleasure, interest or
instruction. We have taken the
paper for twenty-five years without

“ Our 1913 Catalogue

will have some very special fea-
tures which will be of interest and
profit to you. It will be ready to
send out in January.

Let us put your name down for
a copy now. A postal will do it.

J. M. THORBURN ©& CO. |} v4 chi oe -
110 years in business in New York City H 5 missing a single number.
33 Barclay Street, New York |f > ee 4
9
1 THE YOUTHS COMPANION ¢
HORSFORD’S|| «

NO For Fathers, Mothers, Sons and Daughters — every interest of home life
is covered, from housekeeping to athletics. During 1913 it will publish
more than 200 stories by the best of American fiction writers—stories of
thrilling adventure, luck and pluck for boys, stories of college life for
girls, stories that tickle the humor and touch the sentiment in everybody.

Hardy Plants for Cold Climates

New 1913 catalogue, due to be ready with the new year, will offer a great
variety of hardy flowers, shrubs and trees that can stand cold weather.
Something you won't have to replace each year. Also Flower Seeds that
grow. Send a postal and get the catalogue before placing your order for
spring. It will pay you. F. 1. HORSKORD, Charlotte, Vermont

Send for Complete Announcement for 1913 and Sample Copies of the Paper

GET THE BEST

A good spray pump earns big

The Companion Window Transparency and Calendar

for 1913 will be given free to every new subscriber. It is the most exquisite
souvenir ever given to Companion readers—a Transparency to hang in the
window or in front ofalamp. Through it the light shines richly, as if it were
stained glass, illuminating the design—a figure of Autumn laden with
fruits; and all around, wreathed in purple clusters of grapes and green

foliage, is the circle of the months.

profits and lasts for years.

_. THE ECLIPSE

is a good pump. Avs prac-
tical fruit growers we were
using common sprayers in our own
orchards—found their defects and
invented the Eclipse. Its success

Wi

YOU CUT OUT AND ENCLOSE THIS COUPON (or mention this publication). with
$2.00 for a New Subscription to The Companion for 1913 we will send

3 All the Issues for the remaining weeks of 1912, All F
forced us to manufacturing on a including the beautiful Holiday Numbers. or
large scale. You take no chances. The Companion Window Transparency and Cal-

We have done all the experiment- endar for 1913—an extra copy going to every a

ing! Large fully illustrated Catalog ‘A ; one making a gift subscription. = xm41 Cc week
and Treatise on spraying Free. | 3. All the Issues for the 52 Weeks of 1913.
MORRILL & MORLEY MFG. CO., Box 10, Benton Harbor, Mich. SRILA A ae ET aR

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Gasoline Going Up!

Gasoline is 9¢ to 15¢ higher than coal
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Detroit Engine Works, 229 Bellevue Ave., Detroit, Mich.

What is a fair rental for a given property? Ask the Readers’ Service

Q THE GyA REDE WN | MAG GAs Zale Nar

DECEMBER, 1912

Two Blooming Beauties for
Welcome Christmas Gifts

Imagine a bulb
blooming Abso-
lutely with-
out either
soil or
water.
Placed in
light and
warmth, as if by
magic, within a
few days the
flower shoots
appear, grow
taller, the buds
swell and ex-
pand, opening into the most exquisite,
lilyhike flowers of roseate hue, golden
stamens filling center of chalix, emitting a
delicate fragrance in the sunshine. As soon
as one flower fades, another pushes up, the
flowering period extending from 4 to 5
weeks. Place the bulb or bulbs in a pretty
dish, fill in with ferns or other greenery and
you will have the most unique Table
decoration for either Thanksgiving or Xmas,
a novel gift for your friends. The magic
blooming of this bulb is a perpetual joy to
invalids or shutins, who watch the wonder-
ful unfolding with daily interest and delight.

If wanted for Thanksgiving or Xmas order atonce. We re-
serve the bulbs for you and send at proper time prepaid.

The aa Wonder Lily in

oom, from Photo

Large bulbs. . tence ad aati nts
Monster bulbs... . : ise
JUMBO bulbs (very scarce)... .

The picture of
Lily of Valley
shown here
was taken by
a Customer to
whom we had
furnished the
Pips and pre-
pared moss
fiber to grow
them.

You can have
them just as
fine. It takes
only 3 to 4
weeks to
flower them.
See them
growfrom day
to day, until
amass of sil-
very pure
white bells
nod and blos-
som amongst
thes temntdien,
green of the
foliage. Per-
fume is deli-
cious.

Lily of Valley in bloom
We furnish “delivery paid”

6 Valley Pips and moss to grow them....

« « “ {petit

I

Full directions ““How to Succeed”’ with every order

Address H. H. BERGER & CO.
70 Warren Street New York

corymbs, blossom about the first week in June.
The oblong fruits, rounded at both ends, and covered
with a dull red primose, glaucous bloom, ripens at
the end of October.

There are a number of well developed individuals
of this most beautiful hawthorn, in the Arnold
Arboretum, in Franklin Park, and on_ private
estates around Boston.

Two Hardy Shrubs

MONG our hardy shrubs there are probably
few which are easier to raise than Spirea

Van Houttet. We have one thriving specimen

which is planted in a situation most unfavorable
for the growth of bushes, but we had to put it there
so as to make a screen for the back yard, the lower
branches of our evergreen hedge having died.

Not only is it in the direct course of the drainage
from the house roof, the water often freezing around

A beautiful specimen of Spiraca Van Houttei growing
in a lawn. It is absolutely covered with blossoms

it in winter, but it receives almost no sun. Except
very early in the morning, it is shaded by the house.
South of it is a tall, dense mass of evergreens; and
to the northwest is a buckeye tree, which grows
over it and almost completely shuts off the sun in
the afternoon. Even under these conditions it
has grown rapidly and blossoms as well as one
planted in the lawn. With its background of
evergreens it is very effective when in bloom.
Close by is a pink weigela. Being nearer the
house the overflow from the eaves is often frozen

In a most unfavorable location, this deutzia has
flourished for years

on the branches in winter, but other than retarding
the growth on that side of the bush, there seems
to be no ill effects.

We have another Van Houttei spirea which is
planted in the open lawn where it is free to grow
and develop equally on all sides. As it has a full
northern exposure the severe winter of last year
killed many of the small twigs, but it blossomed
profusely and during July was covered with new
growth.

Ohio. Lou E. Hurst.

The Readers’ Service gives information about insurance

We Have Just the
Greenhouse For You

AVING made such a sweeping statement, it
next follows that we must prove itup. This is
exactly what we want the opportunity of do-

ing. Of course, by far the most satisfactory way is to
come and see you, and in looking over together our
catalog of 104 pages, suggest such houses as will best
suit your particular needs and location.

Then the question of price, how soon it can be erec-
ted and so on, can be discussed right then and there.

If you prefer to see our catalog before you see us,
then let us send you one at once. It is so thoroughly
illustrated and arranged in such an easy to under-
stand way, that a short perusal will give you a pretty
general idea of the greenhouse question.

Hitchings & Company

800 Louisa Street, Elizabeth, N. J.

Cutawa

There is a big difference in the work done by a
Curaway Douste Action and the work done
by any other harrow. You can see it in your
crops; you can feel it in your bank account. Use
a Cutaway DousLeE Action before plowing and
after plowing; use a CUTAWAY every time you
use a harrow; and let that be often. The Cuta-
way Dousitre Action pulverizes the soil finer
than other harrows; it leaves the land smoother;
it does more work; it saves at least one man.
All four gangs are attached to one rigid main
frame ; its disks are forged sharp; its journals are
hardwood ; it has datach-
able jointed pole; it is
made in extension heads
for orchard work and
closes up
for gen--=
eral field
use.

CUTAWAY HARROW CO.

902 Main Street
HIGGANUM, CONN.

YY Writefor gaan

Biltmore Nursery

Ornamental Shrubs, Hardy Plants, Deciduous and Evergreen Trees.
Interesting, helpful, informing catalogs sent upon request.

BILTMORE, N.C.

BOX 1422

Well Drilling Machines
Tested, Proved Reliable

by forty-four years’ use in nearly all
parts of the world. Many men earn
big incomes with some one of our
59 styles and sizes. They use any power
for drilling earth, rock and for mineral
\, prospecting. Large catalog No. 120, Free.

THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS
General Office and Works:
AURORA, ILL.

Chicago Office: First National Bank Bldg.

mins

fm

m/l

SP

j=I=!

DECEMBER, 1912

Rare, Historic English Elms

now offered for the first time
to the American public

In keeping with the Meehan policy
of offering rare, unusual plants, we
are pleased to announce a specially
grown lot of English Elms, from
such historic points of England and
Scotland as

Tower of London

Battlefield (Stirling Bridge)

Cambridge University (Trinity
College)

Lichfield (Home of Samuel
Johnson)

Ely Cathedral

These are not seedlings, but actual
living wood from the famous old
elms grafted on to roots of the com-
mon English Elm.

A fitting gift; a fine living memorial ;
a graceful tribute to some dear friend.

A full list of these historic trees,
with description, terms of sale and
price sent on request.

Thomas Meehan & Sons
Box 17

Germantown, Phila., Pa.

his Book is our seventy-fifth anniver-
sary giftto everyone interested in gar-
den problems.

It gives to the amateur and the profes-
sional gardener alike, information which
long experience has proven to be au-
thoritative.

It contains cultural articles written by
experts, and will give practical aid in the
solution of the many problems of how
to successfully grow plants, flowers or
vegetables.

Dreer’s Garden Book

contains 288 pages, four colored and six duotone
plates and hundreds of photographic illustrations of
all the old standbys—as well as the dependable
novelties of the flower and vegetable world.

It also lists our many valuable Anniversary Col-
lections of Plants, Bulbs and Seeds.

Mailed free to anyone mentioning this publication

DH Ee GAR DEN

1 “The Most Memorable Christmas of our Lives”
—and the happiest—is the one marked by gifts that loving
hands have made for us, thoughtfully and carefully—instead
of gifts merely bought for us, perfunctorily and in haste.

| “SUGI” FINISH (home-done) is POSSIBLE ONLY ON CYPRESS ©

Writefor (‘‘the Wood Beautiful’’ as well as ‘‘the Wood Eternal.’’) It reproduces
VOL.26] exactly the rare and coveted “‘Antique Japanese Driftwood”? effects. |VOL.26

GET THE FREE BOOK (VOL. 26) THAT TELLS YOU HOW |

to MAKE Sugi things, from paper-weights to Library Panelling. (Full list of surprises included.)

If Mansion, Bungalow, Glove-box, Farm, Sleeping-Porch or just a Fence —‘‘With CYPRESS you BUILD BUT ONCE.’
Let our ‘“‘ALL-ROUND HELPS DEPARTMENT" help YOU. Our entire resources are at your service |

SOUTHERN CYPRESS MANUFACTURERS’ ASSN., |

1209 HIBERNIA BANK BUILDING, NEW ORLEANS, LA.
f | I
i} | INSIST ON CYPRESS OF YOUR LOCAL DEALER. IF feng HASN’T ma LET us ONE et ONCE |

MAG Ay ZL NOE 213

Plant for Immediate Effect

Not for Future Generations

Start with the largest stock that can be secured !
to grow many of the Trees and Shrubs we offer.

We do the long waiting—thus enabling you to secure Trees and Shrubs that
give an immediate effect. Send for Fall price list.

ANDORRA NURSERIES «*

WM. WARNER HARPER, Proprietor

It takes many years

CHESTNUT HILL,
PHILADELPHIA, PA.

The Readers’ Service will give information about the latest automobile accessories

214 PH EH GeAGReDereN

MAGA ZINE

DECEMBER, 1912

YAMAHA .O

Do You Know Your
O. Henry backward and forward ?

@ Most enthusiasts do and they never tire of him. One volume
will make you an enthusiast; it’s the simplest initiation we know of.

@ The time is coming (indeed, it is here now) when the library
which was incomplete without its Bret Harte, Mark Twain, Scott,
and Dickens will likewise be incomplete without O. Henry.

The Complete O. H. Works

in 12 volumes are now published for the first time.

To be published in November

“Rolling Stones”

A new volume compiled largely from a humorous paper issued in
Texas in the author’s early days. Many fascinating pen drawings

and cartoons by O. Henry.
Titl e Options”, net $1.20; “Rolling Stones”, net $1.20; “The Four Million’, net $1.00; “The
iwles. Voice of the City”, net $1.00; “Heart of the West”, net $1.20; “Roads of Destiny”, net
$1.20; “The Trimmed Lamp”, net $1.00; ‘““Cabbages and Kings’, net $1.20; “The Gentle Grafter”,
net $1.00; “Strictly Business”, net $1.20; “Whirligigs”, net $1.20; “Sixes and Sevens”, net $1.20.

A Handsome

issued.

Each, net $1.25.

12 volumes.

A Berckmans Specialty — Specimen Conifers

Berckmans have many rare and choice conifers that have been growing for twenty years, sheared many
times, root-pruned frequently, and made to develop into perfect specimens— like the one in the
picture. Such conifers are the product of fifty-six years of experience and infinite pains.

A long, regular growing season makes our evergreens develop rapidly, and our soil and climate
are such that our trees thrive far to the north and south. These beautiful trees, dug with ball of
earth, may be moved to any distance and will grow right ahead as if they had not been disturbed.
One will give a striking effect; a group of them will transform a homestead. Write us for prices
on these big conifers. a

Our landscape department for a reasonable fee will co-operate with owners of estates who desire

harmonious plantings.
sere GET OUR NEW CATALOG

Our new catalog tells how Berckmans’ ornamentals are grown and why they are better. It shows
beautiful flowers in their natural colors, and lists many scarce, new and desirable kinds. It’s free.

P. J. BERCKMANS CO., Inc.

Box 1070 B, Augusta, Georgia

Fruitland Nurseries

The Readers’ Service is prepared to ailvise parents in regard to schools

New Flexible Leather Edition is soon to be |

What To Do Now in Southern
Gardens

pest any kind of fruit tree now and continue
to prune and spray all trees.

Set out cabbage plants; also plant white potatoes
in the Lower South.

Continue to sow sweet peas and begin the sowing
of garden pea seed.

If you expect to prune grape vines, do it now
while the sap is dormant.

Nasturtiums planted in hotbeds now will flower
in February, unless you neglect them and they get
stunted.

Make cuttings from fruit trees now; also do what
grafting may be necessary.

Clean up both the flower and vegetable garden,
burn the trash, and plow up the soil immediately
so that whatever insects may be hiding in the refuse
will be destroyed.

If possible spread manure over the soil before
plowing.

Continue to sow oats, and if wheat and rye have
not been sown, do it at once.

You may continue to plant hyacinths, narcissus,
tulips during the month, for flowers when the
bloom of October and November planted bulbs is
over. Japanese lilies should be planted at once in
the richest soil in the garden.

Plant pecan trees. They are somewhat slow in
growth but they make good shade trees as well as
supplying nuts.

Plant hardy roses. Perennial flowers and herbs
may now be divided and replanted.

Sow aster and petunia seed now in the Lower
South.

And be sure to purchase all seed, bulbs, etc.,
from a reliable dealer so that you may be sure
of getting good material.

Georgia. THOMAS J. STEED.

Narcissus in Twenty Days

N DECEMBER 4th, we planted bulbs of the
Paper White narcissus in cocoanut fibre and
water; on December 25th, Christmas Day, they

were in bloom! The treatment was as follows:
several dozen bulbs were ordered and as the firm
did not list cocoanut fibre, price, etc., the order
was given for ‘“‘enough to plant the required bulbs;”
hence, with three dozen first size and one half dozen
mammoth narcissus, one peck of fibre was sent.
As this cost forty cents, the gardener, hoarding
each penny for Christmas, thought the sand and
pebbles on hand from previous years would have
been more economical, and sighed! As rather
deep bowls were used the fibre did not last, so the
old sand and pebbles came into use after all. Three
small bowls were planted in the old way, and
gave proof of the forcing quality of the fibre. For
those in sand were much slower blooming, some
being still in bud on January roth.

In a house heated by hot water method, it is
hard to find a cool place in which to keep the bulbs
while they are rooting, but a rather cool half
lighted closet was available, and as the bulbs
sent up at once such long shoots, after a week or
ten days the -Eowls were removed to the small
plant-room in full sun where they seemed fairly
to leap into bloom, the temperature of this little
conservatory being from 70 to 75 degrees.

In fibre-planting the bulbs should be set down
deep, and even then some pebbles will be found
useful to support the bulb as the roots push it
higher. Also the bowl cannot be filled at once

neo ae TA GAGREDEBEN | M A Gov Z LONE 215

The Garden Doctor

NCE upon a time —and not a hundred years ago—a lady, presumably
young and charming, fell ill, and for a number of months spent a
good deal of her time studying her own symptoms.

This, the psychological doctors tell us, is often the beginning of a more
or less confirmed invalidism. To enjoy ill health is called by a long Latin
name which at the moment we have forgotten how to spell.

The lady we have in mind looked out of her window upon a city yard;
it might have been lovely country and been all the same to her, because her
“inner eye” was absorbed with reflections upon her complicated and some-
what disordered department of the interior. One day she saw _ her
neighbor, an elderly German, clipping at his fence vines. Absently she
watched, then became interested. She, too, wanted a share in the spring-
time —she wanted to do something with plants. Soon after she received
a rough box labelled “Live Plants. Perishable. Open at once.’ She
never had liked uncouth packages; a few days before she would have
objected to doing anything “at once,” to bother with “ perishable” stuff would
have been a nuisance, for she had come within an ace of missing the one
thing most needed by her to insure her life-long happiness—but something had
waked up inside. Tosummarize: she opened the box. Up to the country
went she and the pansy plants the box contained, and with them the lady
began a garden in the place where the garden ought to have been but wasn’t.
The plants turned out to be not the common garden variety of pansies, but in
beauty of marking and in delicate color and glory of size something quite
beyond anything this lady believed existed. And the lady turned out to be
a real woman, a different being from the limp hypochondriac of our
first acquaintance.

The reader can imagine the sequel. In his or her mind’s eye he can
trace the slow absorption of the garden interest, the waning of the hypo-
chondriacal attitude, and the “marvelous recovery” brought about by the
Garden Cure. There 1s also the Prescriber of the Cure, the sender of the box.

The author is now a well-known gardener, and the spontaneous and
genuine humor with which these “confessions” are given proves the com-

pleteness of the garden cure. Who the gardener is, we do not say, but
where should such a serial story be printed and find its fitting home but in

The GARDEN MAGAZINE for 1913

with attractive cover illustrations for the early months of the new year?

The latest books on travel and biography may be obtained through the Readers’ Service

216 THE GAR, DabheN

Ma An GeAy ZeleNeE:

DEcEMEER, 1912

THE
Business ALMANAC

AND

INVESTORS’ GUIDE
For 1913

Compiled by
HARRY E. MAULE

AND

J. R. MERRIAM

HE BUSINESS ALMANAC” for 1912 had an unqualified
For 1913 it is brought up to date, revised and
enlarged to meet the heavier demand of the investing public.

success.

Facts and information every business man must have ready
to lay his hands on, are brought together here. The book
is full of explanations of the fundamentals of investment, so
little understood by those seasoned in the practices of putting
money out on interest, and of which the inexperienced investor

The following

knows nothing. gives some idea of the contents:

Insurance for Every Need.

High Cost of Living and Price of Bonds.

Technicalities Every Man Ought to Know.

Investment Bankers’ Association.

How Money is Lost by Lying Idle.

General Statistics, Wall Street Records,
Crop Records, Bank Records.

Postal Rates.

Population Tables.

History of a Decade.

Service Coupons.

Record Blanks for Investments.

A Financial Calendar.

A Glossary of Technical Terms.

A Primer for Investors; Classification
of Investments; various’ types,
bonds, stocks, mortgages.

General Points on Investment.

Some Intimate Investment Points.

Dividend Table, showing rate of divi-
dend paid by the leading securities.

What the Public Utility Commission-
ers are doing.

Insurance Stock as an Investment.

Paper, 25 Cents. Cloth, Net, 530 Cents

AT ALL NEWS STANDS AND BOOK SHOPS, OR FROM

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO., Garden City, New York

RED CROSS SEALS

OFFER AN

INVESTMENT IN HEALTH

EVERY SEAL YOU BUY

Helps to Provide Hospitals, Sanatoria, Dispensaries, and
Visiting Nurses for the Care and Cure of Consumctives in
your community, thereby. removing or malone safe other-
wise dangerous centers of infection.

BUY RED CROSS SEALS AND PROTECT YOUR OWN HEALTH

ce cannot buy RED CROSS SEALS in your town, write to
RED CROSS sEAL HEADQUARTERS,

The Readers’ Service gives information about real estate

71S Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C,

grew for two years and were then lifted and divided
and set out two feet apart in the row.

The seed was gathered here and there — not
purchased — and an interesting variety was secured
from a comparatively small number of seed pods.

Conn. Mary C. Cone.

‘“‘When Doctors Differ ———’’

13 happens sometimes in our efforts to instruct
our readers on debatable subjects that we touch
upon points surrounded by a division of opinion, but
not often do we meet with such positive and con-
flicting opinions as these, which actually reached us
by the same mail. To put the worst side first:

To THE EpITors:

The GarDEN MacGazINE continues to be as
excellent as ever, yet its usual accuracy has
been done violence to, it seems to me, by the
article on ‘‘How to Buy Nursery Stock,” in the
October number.

Mr. Kruhm makes several statements that are
open to serious criticism. At the outset he says
price is the most important element in influencing
sales; this may be true with readers of some
other publications but not with readers of THE
GARDEN MAGazINnE, who want the best regardless
of price.

Mr. Kruhm ignores the fact that certain varieties
of trees grow with very slender trunks, yet have
vigorous, fibrous roots. An example of this is the
Morello cherry, and all other cherries budded on
Morello stock. Certain trees shoot up like whips
and take years to develop a stocky trunk and
heavy head.

He advises people to buy two-year trees and
still warns against the purchase of “‘young trees
with few fibrous roots, but strong tap roots, indi-
cating they have been left undisturbed in the
nursery for a number of years, and that no effort
has been made to improve them by repeated trans-
plantings.” The fact is that commercial growers
of fruit trees never transplant them after setting
them out from the budded stock.

While it may be true that certain sections are
particularly adapted to the production of certain
stock, publication of the fact that Ohio has the
best berry bushes is no good to advertisers in other
states. The caliper of a tree is not so important
as the article would indicate. In fact, looking
for large caliper in proportion to height is likely
to lead the planter into trouble, for it is well known
that nurserymen cut back the heads of their inferior
trees and grow them on another year to give
them better caliper. These trees when three years
old will be sold as two-year stock, and naturally,
will be the thickest of the lot; yet they are of
course inferior.

The statement that a one-year tree is too light
to transplant is entirely wrong. Commercial
planters everywhere are coming to use one-year
trees exclusively. With one-year trees they can
form the heads to suit themselves. No nurseryman
can form the head of fruit trees properly — he
hasn’t the room between the trees, the time, or the
desire to do it. Three year trees can be moved
without a shock; the statement to the contrary is
absurd. If any one in the Middle West tries to
grow sour cherries on Mahaleb stock, he will be
disappointed. Morello is the only kind of stock
that will produce good crops. The fact is that
conditions in various parts of the country are so
different that is it impossible to fix a standard such
as Mr. Kruhm would have. The pictures accom-
panying this article are excellent and redeem it to
a certain extent.

Chicago, Ill.

And now for the other view:

GENTLEMEN:

Permit me to congratulate you on the publi-
cation of a most excellent article on nursery
stock and the advisability of fall planting in the
October, 1912, issue. It is just this kind of edu-
cational matter which makes your paper so valu-
able to its readers.

I have read every word of Mr. Kruhm’s article
and cannot find a single statement that is not
absolutely correct. I shall not feil to support
your magazirte all I can in the future.

The National Nurseries, E. H. Batco.

Lawrence, Kansas.

FRED HAXxTON.

DEcEMBER, 1912

The

Call of the Carpenter
By Bouck White

A Vision of the Newer Christianity

“Tt isin the nature of a good chal-
lenge toward vitalizing the teach-
ings of Christ for those whom the
Master desires to help.”— Louzis-
ville Courier-Journal.

“The Ethical value of this absorb-
ing study, its originality, its sincere
sturdiness of manner, its courage,
its devotion to a common cause,
rounds it into a profoundly signifi-
cant and useful social instrumental-
ity.’—Washington Evening Star.

“Tt is by far the nearest approach
to something that might be called
epoch-making in this field that
has recently been published. It is
entitled to this name because it
does not attempt to reconcile or
to explain, but boldly accepts the
new foundation of historic material-
ism and on it builds an exposition of
the life and work of the Carpenter
of Nazareth.”’—Kansas Corning.

Second Large Printing. Net $1.20

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
Garden City New York

Partial List of Contents

Almanac Calculations for 1913
An‘mal Diseases and Remedies
Annual Flowers, Guide for the Best
Apples, When to Pick, Ete.
Antidotes for Poisons

Bean Weevil, The

Breeds, Composition of Milk of
Different

Brahma Fowls, Varieties of
Brown Tail Moth, The
Bulletins, Farmers’
Cabbage Maggot

California, Cost of Producing
Oranges in

Cane Borer, The

Canker Worm, The

Cattle, Points on Feeding
Concrete, How to Make and Use
Fall Planting of Trees

Injured, First Aid to the
Planning, Principles of Garden
Postal Regulations

Score Cards, Farm

Stock Food, Some Facts About
Street Trees, The Best Ten

Who’s Who in Poultry
Who’s Who in Dogs

AHS eG DEE NS MAY G ASZ i NOR 217

Enlarged, Rearranged and Revised

The
GARDEN and FARM

ALMANAC

FOR 1913

Special Features:

Complete Official Farm Score Cards
Pure Seed Laws and _ Regulations
Garden Plans and Planting Tables
Best Breeds of Cattle, Sheep and Swine
A New Prize Contest for Housekeepers
Increased Readers’ Service Facilities

The Garden and Farm Almanac tells you
how, when and where to plant and grow to the
very best advantage all flowers, vegetables, crops,
shrubs, trees and lawns—contains elaborate plant-
ing tables for every season of the year—tells how
to fight all insect enemies—shows what needs to
be done about the place each month for its better
maintenance—devotes many pages to all garden
and farm building operations—is full of new and
attractive ideas and suggestions.

The Garden and Farm Almanac

is, ina word, a ready reference guide for every-day
use, covering the entire field comprehensively
and expertly. It will answer every question for
you on any subject whatsoever pertaining to the
garden and farm. The 1913 Almanac is
bigger and better than ever before, containing
many new features. The text is made up
of more than 220 pages fully illustrated.
Every subject carefully indexed.
Doubleday,
Page & Co.,
GardenCity, N.Y.
Please send me
postpaid, The 1913
Gardenand FarmAIl-

manac, {or which I en-
close 35 cents.

Price, 35 cents postpaid

Doubleday, Page
& Company
Garden City

Long Island, New York

Bucket, Barrel, 4-Row
Potato Sprayers
Power Orchard Rigs, etc.
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FIELD FORCE PUMP CO.

48 11th St., Elmira, N.Y.

PRAY Deven hed 1s

We grow a general line of Nursery Stock; everything
required in this Northern latitude. We spend our time
and money growing the best stock possible, and very little
in advertising it. We have always depended upon satis-
fied customers to do our advertising and have never been
disappointed. Send for our catalog and price list. Diener aan ee)

The Bay State Nurseries, North Abington, Mass.

ALLEN’S BERRY CATALOG WILL SAVE YOU MONEY

on Strawberries, Small Fruits, Asparagus, Privet and Shrubs
ALLEN’S STOCK is vigorous, hardy and true Shipments guaranteed satisfactory. In business

to name. Berry plants standard varieties; any 28 years. _Write TODAY for big ror3 Berry
quantity, any time. 120 acres in strawberries. Catalog. FREE on request.

W. F. ALLEN

54 Market Street SA

The Readers’ Service gives information about insurance

T EE OGsASRe DSR Ne MerANGeAnZialNeE

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If You Want Good Fruit

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The Fifth Edition of our famous authoritative
book on rose planting, fertilizing, cultivating, f
pruning, etc.,is combined with our new Rose
Catalogue of 40 pages, illustrating

Let Us Plan Your Garden

Now is the time. To get the most effective
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plants, the most attractive borders and in-
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town lot, take advantage of our winter rates
for Landscape Plans.

WAGNER PARK NURSERIES

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Florists—Nursery men—Landscape Gardeners

Conard & Jones Roses

It also contains photographs in natural col-
ors, complete Rose Lover’s Calendar, and
New Free Delivery Offer. Mailed free.
The Conard & Jones Co., Box 24, West Grove, Pa,
Tose Specialists+50 years’ experience

KILL THE BUGS AND WORMS

The Department of Agriculture states that millions of dollars’ worth of fruit and vegeta-
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devices afford the newest and most effective means of killing these pests on trees or vegetables.

Complete illustrated catalogue sent free for a postal. Write today.

“The WHY and HOW of ORCHARD SUCCESS”

is a handsome new book that will be found helpful by everyone who raises fruit or vegetables.
It tells how to graft and prune; how to prevent mold, mildew, scale, scab, etc. _ It is a regular
mine of information. The book is yours for 50 cents. Send for it today.

FIELD FORCE PUMP COMPANY

502 Grand Avenue, Elmira, N. Y.

DECEMBER, 1912

with water as the fibre is so light (like dark brown
dust) that it immediately floats to the surface and
floats off, if one is not careful; also this cautious
gardener put half a charcoal tablet in each bowl,
to ensure a healthful life, not having any of the
come charcoal at hand. The pills did quite as
well.

A warning! Do not, unless you have a very
cool house plant Chinese lilies; the flowers almost
always blast, whereas the Paper White never fails.
Neither heat nor cold affects these most satisfactory
friends. One morning three were frozen fast in
their little bowls; but brought to the tropical
temperature of another room, they thawed and
went on growing cheerfully.

Pennsylvania. F. E. Mcl.

In a Connecticut Garden

N the course of a walk through a neighboring

park in the latter part of July, 1907, I came
across an elderly workman busy with his pruning
shears. He had filled his wheelbarrow with trim-
mings of old w-cd and stems of faded roses from
a number of Dorothy Perkins arches, and I asked
him for a small portion of his load to use for cut-
tings. He assured me, with much earnestness,
that these roses must be layered to increase stock,
but, after comparing experiences, he ended by say-
ing, “O, you may have them all, but you can’t
mcke ’em grow.”

I took one branch and made several cuttings
from it, using the short two or three inch twigs
(blind wood) of that season’s growth. I put them
in a coldframe on the shady side, giving just
enough water to keep the soil damp. The following
spring three grew and were set out in the garden.
One of them I trained around and over a 10-foot
cedar post.

The soil in my garden is a heavy loam from ten
to twelve inches deep with a solid subsoil that
positively refuses to carry off surplus water.
Repeated failures with auratum lilies led me to try
trenching a bed for them. This was done, I
suppose, in the usual way — two feet of dirt being
thrown out, the subsoil at the bottom was forked
up and mixed as thoroughly as possible with about
six inches of well-decayed barn-yard manure. This
was trodden down, covered with three or four
inches of medium quality soil; then six or eight
inches of manure was added, trodden down and
all the top soil was filled in.

By the time I had received the three Lilium
auratum bulbs the surface of the bed was about
three inches above the walk. The planting was
made at a depth of eight inches and although no
manure was mixed with the top soil, a handful
of sand was put under and around each bulb.
There being nothing further for me to do, I promptly
forgot all about them until, in the following spring,
tg10, I beheaded one with an inquisitive trowel.
Thereupon I rested from further digging till the
growth of bulbs and plants appeared above the
surface. The two remaining lilies made a satis-
factory showing, but were not remarkable. This
year, however, the tallest of the four stalks reached
a height of seven feet nine inches and bore fourteen
magnificent flowers.

Nearly every one who writes on lilies considers
leaf-mold or peat essential to their well-being.
In this case none was used. Plenty of water was
given all summer and as soon as it was observed
that the auratums had aspirations a weekly feeding
of manure water was supplied.

Six candidum lilies set out the last of August,
1910, bore from eight to twelve blossoms each.
So, of course, for lilies I am thoroughly in favor of
trenching heavy soil.

The row of Japanese irises bordering the lawn
contains eighty clumps and more than thirty
varieties. The plants were raised from seed, part
of which was sown in March in flats occupying a
sunny south window, and part in early May in
a seed-bed out of doors. The flats were covered
with a pane of glass till the seeds germinated, while
those sown in the seed-bed were left to their own
devices. The window-grown seedlings were trans-
planted once before being set out in the permanent
bed. When the plants grown out of doors were
larger enough to handle, all were set out eight
inches apart in a bed by themselves. Here they

For information. regarding railroad and steamship lines, write to the Readers’ Service

DECEMBER, 19

AV 13l 18, — (Ge Ak Des 1D Day

MpAnGe AL Za Nae 219

serve Beautiful Pots

combine Strength & Dur-
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which will be maile
upon pegucst:

GALLOWAY TERRA COTTA ©.
3214 WALNUT ST. PHILADELPHIA

Roses, Plants, Seeds
Bulbs. Vines,

Shrubs, etc., by

mail, postpaid. Safe
arrival and satisfac-
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bedding plants. Large assortment of hardy Perennial Plants,
which last for years. 168-page Catalog FREE. Send for it Today.

THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., Box 18, Painesville, Ohio

Model Extension

Carnation Support
Endorsed by all the leading

growers of the country as the best
support for carnations made.

Over 3,000,000 in Use

Price 50c per doz., $3.50 per 100

Send for price list and catalogue
of other garden specialties

sale by all Horticultural Supply
Houses and Leading Seed Men

IGOE BROTHERS
§j 67-71 Metropolitan Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

For

STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP. MANAGEMENT, &c.
OF THE GARDEN MAGAZINE
Published in accordance with the Act of Congress of August 24,1912

Garden City, N. Y.
Garden City, N. Y.

Editor, Leonard Barton, z
Business Managers, Doubleda ay, Page & Co.,
Publishers, Doubleday, Page & Co., . Garden City. N. Y.
Owners, Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden City, N. Y

Stockholders holding t per cent. or more of
total amount of stock on October 1, 1912

F. N. Doubleday, Garden City, N. Y.
Walter H. Page, ‘ Garden City, N. Y.
Herbert S. Houston, Garden City, N. Y.
S. A. Everitt, e Garden City, N. Y.
Henry W. Lanier, Mill Village, N. S.
Oliver L. Johnson, Norwich, Conn.
F. Coit Johnson, Mill Neck, N. Y.
R.M. Fair, Chicago, Ill.
W. W. Fuller, New York, N. Y.

Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders
holding 1 per cent. or more of total amount of
bonds, mortgages, or other securities.

No bond, mortgages, or other securities of indebtedness out-
standing.
(Signed) DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
By S. A. EVERITT, Treasurer.

Sworn to and subscribed before me this oth day of October, 1912.

(Signed) Albert H. Jennings, Notary Public
Nassau County, N. Y.
Commission Expires March 30, 1914.

most accessible.

grounds as in spring.

in spring.

they will be in the spring.

greens in your vicinity.
6. Hicks’

space in which to grow,

| dividual attention to each tree.

| one root pruned.

You have their beauty and use now, when
2. Earth being firm, does not tear up your
3. Good help is cheaper, and easier to get than
4. Your men and teams are not as rushed as

5. We can now send expert men and apparatus
to work with them, and move big ever-

Trees are better than ever now.
Better in assortment, better in quality,
because we have been giving them more
and more in-
Every

: All sizes, up to 40 feet high. Come and see them.
RS If you can’t come. send for Catalog and Prices.

Isaac Hicks &G Son

_ WESTBURY, L. I. si A tes Naa I

We have one of the finest stocks anywhere
in the country and should be very glad to

e
Peonies figure with you on your list of wants.

Send for up-to-date price list on all varieties.
PETERSON NURSERY, Stock Exchange Building, CHICAGO

Mention The Garden Magazine when you write.

A Mess at all Seasons

Mushrooms Growing in your Cellar

of fresh

J 40 cts in postage stamps together with the name of your
* dealer will bring you, postpaid, direct from the

manufacturer, a fresh sample brick of

Lambert’s Pure Culture MUSHROOM SPAWN

the best high-grade spawn in the market, together with large illustrated book
on Mushroom Culture, containing simple and practical methods of raising,
preserving and cooking mushrooms. Not more than one sample brick will
be sen‘ to the same party. Further orders must come through your dealer.

Address; American Spawn Co., Dept. 2, St. Paul, Minn.

E catalog
& KRUIJFF
8th St., Vhiladelphia

AN WAVEREN
aneh House, 140 N.

Make the Farm Pay

Complete Home Study Courses in A enlturey
Horticulture, Floriculture, Landseape Gardeni
estry, Poultry Culture, and Veterinary Science Rea
Prof. Brooks of the Mass, Agricultural College, Prof.
Craig of Cornell University and other eminent
teachers. Over one hundred Home _ Study
Courses under able professors in leading colleges.

250 pave catalog free. Write to-day.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. GA., Springfield, Mnss.

Prof. Brooks

BISCUIT FOR ALL PLANTS

One to Quart of Water

Harmless, Odorless
Domestic Size (200 Biscuits) Fifty Cents by Mail.

EASTERN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Never Varies or Loses Strength
Free Sample

BOSTON

IRISH ROSES
And Hardy Perennials.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
TREES

Extra Sizes for Immediate Effect.
Liberal Discounts on Large Orders.

S.G. Harris ROSEDALE NURSERIES Tarrytown, N.Y.

EVERGREENS

Catalogue Free.

} RHODES DOUBLE CUT

|, / PRUNING SHEAR

Eo a” RHODES MFG. CO.,
527 S. DIVISION AVE., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH,

HE only pruner
made that cuts
from both sides of the limb and
does not bruise the bark. Made
in all styles and sizes. We pay
Express charges on all
Sam orders. Write for circu-

<= lar and prices.

220

i Heke SGeAek DainaN

MiFAS GAS Zl

NE

DECEMBER, 1912

A NEW CATALOG

ANUARY FIRST we send

out our 1913 GARDEN

GUIDE. It’s not merely a
seed catalog, but a garden guide
with helpful suggestions as to
what and where to plant.
Take Sweet Peas, for instance,
there are cultural directions by a
leading expert. This Garden
Guide of 152 pages, illustrated
with photo engravings from life, is
Send us your name today.

(Aecespis ali ls

Arthur T. Boddington
340 West 14th Street New York City

free.

Brand Sheep Manur
Dried and Pulverized

ih
ela

en and field fertilizing. Write
for interesting booklet and prices.
THE PULVERIZED MANURE CO., 19 Union Stock Yards, Chicago

ORCHIDS

Largest importers and growers of
OrcHIps in the United States

EXA)\G SEER? co HW eRe Essel
Orchid Growers and Importers SUMMIT, N. J.

Sold by
the

Seedsmen
of America

Made at
Fishkill on Hudson, N. Y-.

Spray with a Deming Pump
and Have a Good Fruit Crop

Sprayed trees are healthy and bear bigger, better fruit
Z ses. Sprayed Fruit is always Fancy Fruit.
rks S 4 7 fon, p z

a applet

With a

Ask y er or write us for catalog and spray-

ing calendar

THE DEMING COMPANY

115 Depot Street
Manufacturers of Han

Salem, Ohio

and Power Pumps

“Dehorning’’ Apple Trees

HIS winter we are cutting back four or five

old apple trees whose paying days are past.
This is not a new idea to us nor an experiment.

We usually leave all the main limbs when

cutting back the old trees, only cutting off the
smaller ones up to one inch. ‘The larger are left
about two feet long and usually painted to prevent
rot from setting in.

The first photograph shows

Mii FR REE
he “HIM b, 2;

This tree was trimmed one season ago

after dehorning; it can be seen
slow to recover from this ex-

one year’s growth
that a tree is not
cessive trimming.

We believe it pays and although we haven’t more
than six or seven acres of orchard we are dehorn-
ing our old trees as fast as they prove worthless.

It takes nerve to cut out a good thrifty tree this
way but try just one this year as an experiment.

Ohio. R. E. Rocers.

**dehorned.”’

Three years ago this apple tree was
The gratifying results can be easily seen

The Readers’ Service will aid you in planning your vacation trip

NO POISON

Guaranteed under the Insecticide Act, 1910. Serial No. 321.

Save your plants and trees. Just the thing for green-
house and out door use—destroys Mealy Bug, Brown and
White Scale, Thrip, Red Spider, Black and Green Fly,

Mites, Ants, etc., without injury to plants and without odor.
Used according to directions our standard Insecticide will
prevent ravages on your crops by insects.
Non-poisonous and harmless to user and plant. Leading
Seedsmen and Florists have used it with wonderful results.
Destroys Lice in Poultry Houses, Fleas on Dogs and all
Domestic Pets. Excellent as a wash for dogs and other
animals. Relieves mange. Effective where others fail.
%s Pint - - 25c; Pint, - - 40c; Quart, - - - 75c;
~2 Gallon, $1.25; Gallon, $2.00; 5 Gallon Can, $9.00;
10 Gallon Can, $17.50
Dilute with water 30 to 50 parts

For Sale by Seedsmen and Florists’ Supply Houses
If you cannot obtain this from your Supply House, write us direct
Lemon Oil Company
Dept. L. 420 W. Lexington St., Baltimore, Md.

JOHN T. WITHERS, Inc.

Landscape Architect and Forester
Tree Renovation by Expert Operators

1 Montgomery St. Jersey City, N. J.

oa Made to order—to exactly match
the color scheme of any room

“You select the color—we’ll make
the rug.’’ Any width—seamless up
to 16 feet. Any length. Any color
tone—soft and subdued, or bright
and striking. Original, individual,
artistic, dignified. Pure wool or
camel’s hair, expertly woven at
short notice. Write for color card.
Order through your furnisher.

Thread & Thrum Workshop
Auburn, New York

There’s Money in P oultry

Our Home Study Course in Practical Poultry
Culture under Prof. Chas. K. Graham, late of the
Connecticut Agricultural College, teaches how to
make poultry pay.

Personal instruction. Expert Advice.
250 Page Catalogue free. Write to-day,

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. P., Springfield. Mass.

Prof. Graham.

ILLETT’S
Hardy Ferns and Flowers
For Dark, Shady Places

Send for my descriptive catalogue
of over 50 pages, which tells about
this class of plants, It’s free.

Edward Gillett, Box F. Southwick, Mass.
Y our copy of our new Catalog is waiting
to be mailed to you. Shall we send it ?
J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY
The Factory of Precision Dept. 286, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

KILLED BY

R AT SCIENCE

By the wonderful bacteriological preparation, discovered and prepared by
Dr. Danysz, of Pasteur Institute, Paris. Used with striking success for
years in the United States, England, France and Russia.

DANYSZ VIRUS

contains the germs of a disease peculiar to rats and mice only and is abso-
lutely harmless to birds, human beings and other animals.
The rodents always die in the open, because of feverish condition. The
disease is also contagious to them. Easily prepared and applied.

How much to use.— A small house, one tube. Ordinary dwelling,
three tubes (if rats are numerous, not less than 6 tubes). One or two dozen
for large stable with hay loft and yard or 5000 sa. ft. floor space in build-
ings. Price: One tube, 75c; 3 tubes, $1.75; 6 tubes, $3.25; one doz. $6.

INDEPENDENT CHEMICAL CO., 72 Front St., New York

DECEMBER, 1912

THE GARDEN

MAGAZINE 29]

Poultry, Kennel and Live Stock Directory

Address INFORMATION DEPARTMENT, Tue GarpEen MacGazine, 11-13 W. 32d Street, New York.

Information about the selection or care of dogs,

poultry and live stock will be gladly given.

Simply write
dealer’s name 6
want Austin’s
small pets or p

AUSTIN DOG
203 Margi

AIREDALE FARM KENNELS
Spring Valley, N. Y.

Mr. Howard Keeler, Owner.
The largest and most complete home for Registered
AiredaleTerriers in America.

The Best Chum for Children

and the only reliable guardian for the home.
Stock of all ages for discriminating buyers. Jf we
can’t please you nobody can.

Be e A SHETLAND PONY
and S\ is an unceasing source of
Keep. pleasure. A safe and ideal

playmate. Makes the child
strong and of robust health.
=) Highest type—complete out-
5 _fits—here. Inexpensive.
Y Satisfaction guaranteed. Write
for illustrated catalog.

BELLE MEADE FARM

A Child’s Delight Box 15, Markham, Va,

Large Berkshires RSS
at Highwood cs

We have for sale service boars, brood
sows and pigs all ages. These are
sired by Berryton Duke’s Model, the
boar that headed the first prize herd at
the Royal in 1900, Highwood Duke
qsth, a half brother to the Grand
Champion boar at the last International,
and other boars of equal merit.

H.C. & H. B. WARPENDING
Dundee, New York

My stock of pigs and hogs was
never better. If you want the
best all-around breed raise

Jersey Reds

Fatten easily and quickly, small boned,

long bodied, vigorous, prolific. Meat
unsurpassed Choice offerings now.
Bg ea 28 Pigs vaccinated with serum at cost if

desired. Write to-day for free catalog.

Arthur J. Collins, Box T, Moorestown,N. J.

WANTED F°8 SUPERINTENDENT

A thoroughly practical man_to take
charge of a large Farm in Western Connecticut. Must be
fully up-to-date and capable of bringing the farm back toa
A fancy agriculturist not wanted,

high state of cultivation.
but a capable, working manager who will have a good per-
manent position with such advancement as his work warrants.
References required. State salary wanted. Address (mail only)

E. M. WALDO 11 Broadway, New York

HEADQUARTERS
For The Celebrated Hungarian and English

Partridges and Pheasants

BEST GAME BIRDS AT RIGHT PRICES
Have a fine lot of Wild Turkeys. Also Capercailzies,
Black Game, Quails, Rabbits, Deer, etc., for stocking pur-
poses. Fancy Pheasants, Peafowl, Swans, Cranes,
Storks, Ornamental Geese and Ducks, Foxes, Squirrels,
Ferrets, etc., and all kinds of birds and animals.

WENZ & MACKENSEN

DEPT. 55

Pheasantry and Game Park, YARDLEY, PA.

= Money inSquabs +2
Learn this immensely rich business;
we teach you; easy work at home;
everybody succeeds. Start with our
Jumbo Homer Pigeons and your success is assured.
Send for large Illustrated matter. Providence
Squab Company, Providence, Rhode Island.

Don’t Start Poultry Keeping

till you have read the Six Free Chapters written by Robert Essex
after a Quarter « entury’s Experience in the business. They tell
How to Make Money With Poultry; How to Build Low-cost Poultry
Houses. They tell Fanciers and Women and Farmers how to
START. RIGHT, and also tell all about America’s Largest Line of
Incubators and Brooders. The book is FREE. Write today.
Address,

ROBERT ESSEX INCUBATOR COMPANY

203 Henry St., Buffalo, N. Y.

COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE
Half the Cost — with the

PROFIT FARM BOILER

With Dumping Caldron. Empties its kettle in
one minute. e simplest and best arrange-
ment for cooking food for stock. lso make
Dairy and Laundry Stoves, Water and Steam
Jacket Kettles, Hog Scalders, Caldrons, etc.
Send for particulars and ask for circular L

D. R. SPERRY & CO. Batavia, Ill.

$p= NO MONEY .,
IN ADVANCE (3
The “Dandy” is the easiest oper- li f [ iy
ated, best built, fastest cutting “Us

green bone cutter made. Sold on

AND UP 15 days’ free trialwith a broadguarantee.
If it suits keep it, if not, send it back.
Free catalog. Stratton Mfg. Co., Box 24, Erie, Pa.

This 50¢
: metal hopper :

‘PURINA

: e x
QURINA
WA Ravcren crowed AA

~ Chowder

a

RB, : R
ATENT APPLIED FS

To introduce Purina Chicken Chowder—the great
egg-producing dry mash, I will give you, through
your dealer, this serviceable metal hopper chock
full of Purina Chicken Chowder, for only Thirty
cents (30c).

“Tf Chicken Chowder

won't make your hens lay,
they must be roosters.”

Purina Chicken Chowder assures an abundance of
eggs because it contains approximately the chemical
ingredients found in an egg. It makes fertile eggs
for hatching. Offer made East of the Rocky
Mountains, through dealers only. If your dealer
can’t supply you send us his name.

Poultry Book Free !

For your dealer’s name | will send
you this 48-page Purina Book,
containing plans of houses, breeding
and feeding charts, space for daily
egg records, cures of diseases, etc.,
etc. Write today, edition limited.

Col. Purina, Purina Mills,
829 South Eighth St., St. Louis

PENNSYLVANIA
j Quality LAWN: MOWERS

“.. THE ONLY MAKE WITH CRUCIBLE TOOL:STEEL —
: ~ BLADES THROUGHOUT :

ically adapts to your strength.

Write to the Readers’ Service for information about live stock

Make Your Hens Lay

You can double your egg yield by feeding fresh-cut, raw bone. 0 U
as much egg-making material as grain and takes the place of bugs and worms in fowls’ diet.
That’s why it gives more eggs—greater fertility, stronger chicks, larger fowls.

MANN’S LATEST MODEL BONE CUTTER

‘cuts easily and rapidly all large and small bones with adhering meat and gristle.
Sent on 10 Days’ Free Trial.
free books today. F. W. MANN CO., Box 325, MILFORD, MASS.

Never clogs.

It contains over four times

7;
No

Send for our

Automat-
No money down

Ah Jet 19)

GARD ESN

IMGFAS Gar At Zale iE,

DerecEemMBER, 1912

s Bloom Throughout the Winter |
BY USING

IBONORA

————.
THE GREATEST DISCOVERY
OF MODERN TIMES.

World. A little goes a very long
ways. Your plants will look fresh
and healthy in the Spring. BON-
ORA is recommended and en-
dorsed by Luther Burbank, John
Lewis Childs, Dingee & Conard
| and many others. BONORA is
] a plant necessity. | Order direct
or through your Seed Dealers.

515-517 Broadway
New York

tt

TANT FOOD) the greatest Fertilizer in the

New Plants from China

We have in our Nurseries large stocks of many plants, which recently

ve t from the Wi of China, some of which were
iblic this year for th ime. Anyone who
f shrubs next s: uld not fail to
nual which will

r & Co., Boston, Mass.

-& J. Farquhar
LOOK OUT.
FOR SPARKS |

No more danger or damage from flying
sparks. No more poorly fitted, flimsy fire-
place screens. Send for free booklet
“Sparks from the Fire-side.’” It tells about
the best kind of a spark guard for yourin
dividual fireplace. Write to-day for free
bookletand make your plans early.

The Syracuse Wire Works

- Syracuse, N.Y.

y for distribution Ja

= 107 University Avenue,
and most

LP aree sonics €OCk or
Hardy Plantsin America

Catalogue on Application
ELLIOTT NURSERY PiTTsBuRG, Pa.

! 4 Unusually well-bred

F a 1 r f a X R O Ss e Ss and well-grown; will
succeed anywhere. Free Catalogue tells all about them.
f W. R. GRAY, Box 6, Oakton, Fairfax County, Va.

Evergreen windbreaks mean more comfort and less
heating. Out in the full force of thirty-mile breezes, your house
cannot be comfortable. Learn how to make it so by reading
Hill’s Planter’s Guide. Free if you write at once.

THE D. HILL NURSERY COMPANY, Inc,
Douglas Avenue Dundee, Illinois

GEORGE H. PETERSON

ROSIE CAND PEO NY -s:iPECVATaALS a
Box 50. FAIR LAWN, N. J.

Michelil’s Grass Seed

Make Best Lawns—Catalog Free
HENRY F. MICHELL CO., 520 Market St., Philadelphia
RT EEE

Pisa IG 4

Y soncis WHITE ENAMEL |

Landscape Gardening

A course for Home-makers and
Gardeners taught by Prof. Craig
and Prof. Beal, of Cornell Uni-
versity.

Gardeners who understand up-to-
date methods and practice are in
demand for the best positions.

A knowledge of Landscape Gar-
dening is indispensable to those
who would have the pleasantest
homes.

Pror. Craic

250 page catalogue free. Write today.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. Springfield, Mass.

Cheating the Bookbinder

HE luxury of an intelligently planned and

affectionately cared for flower garden, abound-
ing in the things that appeal to the enthusiastic
grower, is in an important sense enhanced in charm
and practically supplemented by the corner of a
library shelf devoted to gardening. A discovery
I have made is that the highest value and greatest
attraction of THE GARDEN MAGaziINE is in the
review of the well preserved back numbers, a
volume at a time. When the current number
arrives it is often hastily run over and at very busy
times laid aside with a mere scanning of the con-
tents, without a full recognition of either its prac-
tical or artistic value. Even if one stacks them for
reference the very number most desired is likely
to be in hiding when called for, or else mutilated.
I have experimented with many styles of binders
but the one I now use I consider the best. The
first volumes of THE GarpEN MaGazine I had
bound and they are not nearly as satisfactory as
are the ones I bind myself, which are easily put

Bind your own magazines like this at
a cost of twelve and one half cents a volume

Economize!

together and cost twelve and one half cents a
volume for material; are durable, sufficiently
flexible, of light weight, open out flat at any place,
and are not unattractive in appearance. The
cover material is a one-piece, three-ply board which
I have made up at the bindery, the outside “ply”
being regular bookbinders’ cloth of a pleasing shade
of green which I select myself. After the first vol-
ume has been bound, the others are an easy matter.

The bookbinder makes up the sheets (which he
calls “vellum” 22 x 28 in., so as to cut two covers
each. He should not charge more than twenty-
five cents a sheet. The finished size of the book is
o? x 12% in., the thickness varying with the bulk of
the volume. Cut a strip 123 inches wide the
width of board. From one end of this, cloth side
down, measure 9 inches and, holding a stiff ruler
firmly at the place, score with the back of a knife
and bend up at right angles, making a smooth
crease.

Now put the six numbers of the volume to-
gether, backs even, and measure the thickness
(this will be the allowance to be made for back),
score and bend again. Measure the other side
o¢ inches and trim off the surplus. The cover is
thus sized and shaped.

Now flatten out, cloth side up, and mark with
pencil diagonal lines for sewing perforations~ of
back. The diagonal lines (13 inch drop from one
side to other) give greater strength and look better
than straight ones. Use a small darning needle,
stout carpet thread of whatever color wanted, and
a very small bradawl for making perforations in
the cover and corresponding holes through the
magazine. Thread from the middle of the maga-
zine, tying each loop firmly. The volume num-
bers for the outside of the binders are easily secured
from a good calendar.

In regard to the indexes, each one may be bound

| with its own volume; but I prefer to place them all

together, in order, in a similar binder, which
saves handling a number of books to find the
thing wanted.

Oregon. C. F. BarBer.

Free Trial

Moth
Proof &%@#*

Chest
Ideal Gift
for the

Home
15 Days
Free Trial
Piedmont
Red Cedar
Chest makes finest
Xmas, birthday, or wed-
ding gift. Highly decorative and

yery useful. Protect Furs and woolens from
Moths, Mice, Dust and Damp. Write for 56-page

Freight
illustrated catalog showing all designs, sizes and Pp id
prices. Postpaid, free. Write today—NOW. eps.

Piedmont Red Cedar Chest Co., Dept. A, Statesville, N. C.

for ae

Factory
Prices

from your trees if you
keep them free from

MORE FRUIT

-San Jose Scale, Aphis, White Fly, etc., by spraying with

$3 GOOD'SS=FISH OIL
SOAP NOS

Kills all tree pests without injury to trees.

the soil and aids healthy growth.

FRE Our valuable book on Tree and
Plant Diseases. Write today.

al Maker, 931 N. Front Street, Philadelphia

Fertilizes

pecan

JAMES GOOD, Origin

FLORICULTURE

Complete Home Study Course in practical Floricul-
ture under Prof. Craig and Prof. Beal, of Cornell
University. &

Course includes Greenhouse Construction and
Management and the growing of Small Fruits and \§
Vegetables, as well as Flowers Under Glass.

Personal Instruction. Expert Advtce.

250 Page Catalogue Free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL

Dept. G. F., Springfield, Mass.

Prof. Craig

Competent Gardeners

The comforts and products of a country home are in-
creased by employing a competent Gardener; if you want to
engage one write to us. Please give particulars regarding
place and say whether married or single man is wanted. We
have been supplying them for years to the best people every-
where. No fee asked. PETER HENDERSON & CO.., Seeds-
men and Florists, 35 and 37 Cortlandt Street, New York City.

Have You Planted Fall Bulbs ?

If not, why not plant a few before it is too late. Com-
plete catalog, 52 pages, free on request. 50

Simp Gale ae
DAHLIAS 1913. catalomue il

New
be ready for mailing
Write now for a free copy

York
in January.
Geo. L. Stillman, Dahlia Specialist, Westerly, R.I., Box C-3

City

Prepare for next Spring by sending for our
catalog of Garden Tools. Address Dept. 1.
AMES PLOW CO., BOSTON, MASS.

BURPER'S SEEDS crow

If you_want a copy of the
Catalog,’’ for 1912- address BURPEE, Philadelphia.

FARMINGsy wai

BY MAIL

Truck Farming, Vegetable Gardening, Fruit Growing, Poultry, Flowers
Greenhouse, General Farming, Small-farm Course, Dairying, Soils and
Fertilizers, Crops, Stock, Farm Management, Farm Book-keeping, Dry
Farming, Course for Teachers of Agr., Farm Veterinary, Writing for
Farm Papers, Mushrooms, Ginseng, etc. Which course interests you?

VALUABLE BOOK ABSOLUTELY FREE
“How to Make the Farm Pay More”

Courses for actual and prospective farmers, in country, village, or city,
whether you own a farm, garden, city or suburban lot, orexpectto. A
safe way out for city man longing to get back to the farm. _‘More profits
for the farmer. Faculty 21 leading experts. Students in every state.
Just the opportunity you have been wanting—to learn scientific farming
at home. FREE Sample lesson on request. (No agents.) Send today
for temporary low rate.

American Farmers School Wigni@ivoris MENN.

(Original and largest Correspondence School of Agriculture)

The Readers’ Service will gladly furnish information about Retail Shops

‘\e hs eh ==
"(The TRINIDAD-LAKE-ASPHALT #
ReadyRapfing

———
=

Trinidad Lake asphalt makes
roofing stay waterproof. It is the
product of nature. And man
has never equaled it for roofing.
We use it to make Genasco.

Good Roofing Pays
If you were to sell your farm you couldn’t get as much for it if your buildings were run
down and had leaky roofs. The farmers who keep things up in good shape are buying

NEPONSET
PAROIO ROOFING

The Real Rival of Best Shingles

because itis an investment. Gives you adequate fire protection. Cuts out repair bills and lasts longer than
shingles, metal and other old-time roofing materials. r F 5
At Geneseo, N.Y., the Erie Railroad Station has been covered with NEPONSET Paroid twelve years— painted ii

Genasco doesn’t rot, rust, dry-
out, crack, break —and doesn’t
leak.

Get Genasco for every building on the farm, Min-
eral or smooth surface. Comes in rolls ready and
easy for anybody to lay. Ask your dealer for Gen-
asco. Write us for samples and the valuable Good
Roof Guide Book — free.

The Kant-leak Kleet for smooth-surface roofings
does away with nail-leaks and makes seams water-
tight without cement.

J

é=

The Barber Asphalt Paving Company

Largest producers of asphalt, and largest
ilanufacturers of ready roofing in the world.

S

LES

Philadelphia = once. The freight station has been covered with NEPONSET Paroid tor eleven years. This is actual proof of ay
New York San Francisco Chicago = zr Jong wear. Equally long records have been made on barns like your own. NEPONSET Paroid is the roofing = Sis.
Sar gy =z you know will last. Be sure to buy it next time. =
y < “~~ Send for Our FREE Book on Roofing and the name of the NEPONSET dealer near you. NEPONSET

Proslate Roofing

makes a handsome red or
green roof for houses.

x = wee F. W. BIRD & SON (Est. 1795), 228 Neponset St., East Walpole, Mass.

=. New York Chicago Washington Portland, Ore. San Francisco
Canadian Plant, Hamilton, Ont.

iS

SS=Z err enorey De rTE at nF CESAR ATTEN TL PERS
SSS anntk i SAG oa ma CACAO ASA ASR AR SSSA aa
SSS aneissacmcnoiconuccinss AAU DRE A AAR THAT INC OEE ER SORES SESE ITE ED

Don’t grow cider apples. Rid your trees of scale and fungous pests and grow No. 1
apples by using “Scalecide,” the one absolutely sure scale spray. “Scalecide” is easy to
handle, it will not clog or corrode the nozzle or injure the skin. It will build up a
poorly paying, run down orchard and make it return large profits. It will maintain a
good orchard in prime condition. ‘‘Scalecide” is the best spray for San José. It kills
every scale it reaches. “Scalecide” goes further, is cheaper and more effective than lime
sulphur. Endorsed by Experiment Stations and used by the best orchardists every-
where. “Scalecide’’ will solve your scale problem. Our SERVICE DEPARTMENT
furnishes everything for the orchard. Write to-day for our new booklet ‘‘Pratt’s Handbook for Fruit

Growers” and “* ‘Scalecide’—the Tree Saver.’”’? They contain valuable information for orchardists. Every
fruit grower should have them. Both are free. Address B. G. Pratt Co., Dept. 1, 50 Church St., N.Y. City.

Flowers in Winter

la For forcing blooms on potted plants or flowers
in greenhouses, use nature’s best plant food,

Sheep’s Head Brand
““ of Sheep Manure.

Pulverized. Can be used easily as a top dress-
ing, in liquid form or mixed with the soil. Will

%:- not cause black spot. Free from weed seed.
na Send for booklet and prices.

NEAL GONG :
xu” NATIRAL GUANO CO. Dept.15, Aurora, Il.

\oune pig pork, pure spices
of our own grinding, the ut-

most care and cleanliness in preparation, the
filling and shipping of each order on the day
of its receipt, explain in a nutshell how Jones
Dairy Farm Sausage has secured its enviable
reputation.

Let your grocer tell you all about us, about our

Play House

Hodgson Portable Houses

Artistically designed and finished, made of the most durable materials and practical

at any time of the year in any climate. Made for innumerable purposes. Erection of

buildings extremely simple and can be done by unskilled labor in a few hours’ time.
Send for illustrated circulars and state what you are interested in.

E. F. HODGSON CO., Room 311, 116 Washington St., Boston, Mass.

prices and the sizes of our packages, and our
standing order plan.

If your grocer does not keep our products, write to
ns and we will be pleased to fill your order from
our farm. Complete information about all our
products and a short account of our 25 years’ ¢

business history upon request.

MILO C. JONES, Jones Dairy Farm
Box 635 Fort Atkinson é
Wisconsin

“wpa id Magu
Whittall’s Anglo Persian Rug—9x12. Pattern 330—Color 244—Saruk Design

Ls THE MARK OF QUALITY 5

Whenever you buy floor coverings, be sure the name
Whittall’s is woven into the back of every rug and yard
of carpet. It is the Hall Mark of Carpet Excellence

Our Booklet “ORIENTAL ART IN AMERICAN RUGS” is replete
with information as to Oriental rugs; also with most practical
suggestions for the use of the proper rug in the proper place

M. J. WHITTALL

WORCESTER Dept. G MASSACHUSETTS

THE COUNTRY LIFE PRESS, GARDEN CITY, NEW YORK

DINU ANEX Y > iene Ey = ’Y s 3 Gls 3
1913 Vegetable Planting Table for the South C.
$1.50 a Year

Vol. XVI. No. 6 Pitch Pines for Poor Soil

COUNTRY LIFE DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.

@) THE WORLD'S

WADI

BOBBINK & ATKINS

World’s Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products

SPRING PLANTING

UR PRODUCTS are of a higher grade than ever
O this season, placing us in a better position to fill
orders with a class of material that will give satis-
faction to all our patrons. Our Nursery consists of 300
acres of highly cultivated land and a large area covered
with greenhouses and storehouses, in which we are growing
Nursery and Greenhouse Products for every place and
purpose.

We have several hundred thousand Rose Plants that will
i Order now from our Illustrated General Catalog for

Spring delivery.

RHODODENDRONS. Many thousands of acclimated plants in
Hardy English and American varieties are growing in our Nursery.
ORNAMENTAL SHADE TREES and FLOWERING SHRUBS.
We grow many thousands of Ornamental Shade Trees and Shrubs in
all varieties and sizes. A visit to our nursery will convince you of
the quality of our immense stock.

TRAINED, DWARF and ORDINARY FRUIT TREES and
SMALL FRUITS. We grow these for all kinds of fruit gardens and

orchards.

HEDGE PLANTS. We grow a targe quantity of California Privet,
Berberis and other Hedge Plants, adapted to all parts of the country.
OUR NEW GIANT-FLOWERING MARSHMALLOW. Every--
body should be interested in this Hardy New Old-Fashioned Flower.
Tt will grow everywhere and when in bloom is the Queen of Flowers in
the garden. Blooms from July until the latter part of September.
STRAWBERRIES, potted and field-grown plants. We grow a large
quantity in all the lez ading varieties.

EVERGREENS, CONIFERS and PINES. Many acres of our
Nursery are planted with handsome specimens. Our plants are worth
traveling any distance to see.

BOXWOOD. Everybody loves the aroma of old-fashioned Boxwood.
We grow thousands of plants in many shapes and sizes.

BAYTREES, PALMS and other decorative plants for conservatories,
interior and €xterior decorations. Don’t fail to walk through our
greenhouses when visiting our Nursery.

ENGLISH POT-GROWN GRAPEVINES. For Greenhouse culti-

vation.

HARDY TRAILING and CLIMBING VINES. We have them for
every place and purpose.

BULBS and ROOTS. We grow and import quantities of Bulbs
and Roots from Japan, Holland, and other parts of Europe.

LAWN GRASS SEED. Our Rutherford Park Lawn Mixture has

HARDY OLD-FASHIONED PLANTS. We grow thousands of given satisfaction everywhere.
rare, new and old-fashioned kinds, including Peonies and Iris in a large variety. Special PLANT TUBS, WINDOW BOXES and ENGLISH GARDEN FURNITURE. We
prices on quantities. manufacture all shapes and sizes.

Our Illustrated General Catalog No. 25 describes our Products; is comprehensive, interesting, instructive and helpful to intending purchasers. Will be mailed upon request.

The Proper Way to Buy is to see the material growing. We shall gladly give our time and attention to all intending purchasers visiting our Nursery and invite everybody interested
in improving their grounds to visit us.

Visitors Take Erie Railroad to Carlton Hill, second stop on Main Line; 3 minutes’ walk to Nursery.

We Plan and Plant Grounds and Gardens Everywhere with Our “ World’s Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products”

BOBBINK & ATKINS
Nurserymen, Florists and Planters RUTHERFORD, N. J.

Everybody’s Flower—The Gladiolus

I call it everybody's flower because it is the one ower I know will grow for everybody and because everybody
who grows it loves it so. It will grow for you just as readily as it will grow for me. It asks no favors—just to be
givena chance to show what it can do. It has no exacting soil requirements. It is sturdy, vigorous, independent.
It will adapt itself to conditions as it finds them and will glorify a King’s Garden or the humblest dooryard.

I Ask You to Give It a Trial Because | Want You to Love It Too

lt is not solely because | am in the business of growing it. Just pure love of this beautiful flower is the reason 1 am
today the leading gladiolus specialist of America. | began as an amateur, with no thought of growing the gladiolus commer-
cially. It won first my interest, for there is no more

interesting flower in the world; then my love. It is
so royal yet democratic. If you have never grown it
let me introduce it to you through one of my special
collections. There isn’t room to tell you about them
here, but

MY NEW CATALOG WILL DELIGHT YOU

It will tell you all about these collections and the
very best named varieties of over 25,000 which I have
grown. It is exquisitely illustrated in natural colors and
tellswhyI love the gladiolus and why! am sure youwill.
it tells just how the famous Cowee gladiolus bulbs are
grown and how from them you can grow just such
wonderful flowers as | grow, and how you may have
them in your garden from July until well into Sept-
ember. You will enjoy reading this little book.
Drop me a card today and J will send it at once.

ARTHUR COWEE, Meadowvale Farms,
Box 123, BERLIN, N. Y.

January, 1913 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 993

LILIES —Two Gems from the Orient

Hardy, Fragrant and Beautiful. The Finest Lilies Ever Discovered

With the introduction of these two magnificent new varieties blooming in July and early August, it is now possible to have a
continuous display of bloom of lilies in the garden from early summer until frost. @ Visitors at our Nursery during the flower-
ing period were astonished at the beauty of these stately plants and many returned bringing friends that they too might see
the remarkable fields of Lily blooms. @A group of the variety, Myriophyllum, shown by us at the National Sweet Pea
Exhibition in Boston was pronoumnee! by many to be the chief attraction at the show.

LILIUM MYRIOPHYLLUM. Mr. E. H. Wilson, the famous plant collector
collected for us the bulbs now offered, in Northwestern China. He considers
this the finest of all lilies. It is absolutely hardy, and is excellent for forcing.
It has been predicted that this will become the Easter Lily of the future, and
being so hardy, may be grown at home. The flowers are white, slightly suffused
with’ pink and with a beautiful shade of canary yellow at the centre, and ex-
tending part way up the trumpet. It is delightfully perfumed, reminding one
of the jasmine, and lacking the heavy oppressive odor of most lilies. Blooms
out-of-doors early in July. Awarded a Gold Medal by the Massachusetts Horti-
cultural Society, and a first-class certificate by the Royal International Exhi-
bition, London, 1912. Bulbs ready in October, each, $1.50; dozen, $15.00.

LILIUM SARGENTIAE. The bulbs offered were also collected by Mr. Wilson.
This is one of the strongest growing lilies—frequently attaining a height of six
to eight feet. The flowers vary in number from five to ten on a stalk, and in
size and shape resembling Lilium Harrisii, greenish white, shaded purple on the
outside, and of the purest white within, with a tint of citron in the centre. The
flowers have a pleasing fragrance. This Lily will undoubtedly be largely used for
outdoor planting as well as for forcing. Many consider it the finest of all tubular-
flowered lilies. It flowers somewhat later than Lilium Myriophyllum and being of
larger growth, has a distinct place. Awarded a Silver Medal by the Massachusetts
Horticultural Society, 1912. Bulbs ready in October, each $1.50; dozen, $15.00.

OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE ON APPLICATION

R. & J. FARQUHAR & CO. 83s%on? Mass

The Beauty of
Snow-Laden Evergreens

These wintry days when other vegetation has cast aside its graceful draperies,
the conifers in their uniforms of beautiful green, stand vigilant, watchful, guarding for
us pleasant memories of summers past, the pledge of bright days to come again. Ever-
greens, beautiful at all
times, seem loveliest
in the winter sunlight,
covered with a man-
tle of snow, radiant
with icy crystals.

Coldwell Demountable Cutters
If you would enjoy

hs Iseviiey lt Bes a brand new feature in
greens) now, jis) jthe F Horse and Putting Green Mowers

time to inspect your
grounds and order for
spring planting. Sure-
ly you will find room

for a few Evergreens or
other ornamental trees or

Two or more go with each machine,
like the spare blades of a safety razor.
plants. In making your

ants : Think how handy whenever blades
selection, remember that 4 a
our 800 acres in nurseries 4 need sharpening or other repairs.

enable us to meet your
requirements to the fullest

extent. 59 years | of Light draft. Fine cut.
specializing on all that 5

pertains to Horticulture Send at once for full
accounts en one Pe at al Sats d .
aneicaye Deaton escription an prices.

well equipped for eff-
cient service to customers.
Water-color sketches, planting plans and full estimates furnished. Correspondence or personal
interviews solicited. Don't put this matter off until the rush of spring is upon us

There are 150 different styles and sizes of Coldwell Lawn
Mowers — motor mowers as well as horse and hand.

Complete catalogue on request.
Full information furnished as to the best plans for commercial orchards, and the best fruits of all P 2 sd r

kinds for the home garden. Catalogue or handbook of varieties, and instructions for planting, pruning

and after-management on request. < COLDWELL LAWN MOWER COMPANY

i 1 Philad2lphi NEWBURGH, NEW YORK Chi
Phila. Office, Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Company dled lobia icago
Stephen Girard Bldg. Dept. G, West Chester, Pa.

The latest books on travel and biography may be obtained through the Readers’ Service

DHE (Gea RD ere

M ACG AUZ ENE

JANUARY, 1913

Poultry, Kennel and Live Stock Directory

Address INFORMATION DEPARTMENT, Tue GarbDEN Macazine, 11-13 W. 32d Street, New York.

Information about the selection or care of dogs,
poultry and live stock will be gladly given.

Bob White Quail

Partridges and Pheasants

Capercailzies, Black Game, Wild Turkeys, Quails,
Rabbits, Deez, etc., for stocking purposes. Fancy
Pheasants, Peafowl, Swans, Cranes, Storks,
Ornamental Geese and Ducks, Foxes, Squirrels,
Ferrets, etc.. and all kinds of birds and animals.

WILLIAM J. MACKENSEN, Successor to

WENZ & MACKENSEN, Naturalists

Dept. 55 Pheasantry and Game Park YARDLEY, PA.

Greider’ s Fine Catalogue

and calendar of fine, pure-bred poultry for 1913. This
book contains many pages of poultry tacts. 70 differ-
ent varieties, some shown in natural colors, All
illustrated and described, tells how to make hens lay,
raise and care for them, all about the Famous Greider
Incubators and Brooders. Shows photo of the largest
poultry farmin Penn. Prices of breeding stock and
eggs for hatching and supplies within reach of all.
A perfect guide to all poultry raisers. Send 10c for
this noted book on poultry.

B. A. GREIDER. Box 84, Rheems, Pa.

Are Birds
Welcome?

The houses [ build for song-
sters winthem—they come back
every year and I always have
plenty of bird guests. It took
me several years to get these J
houses just right for the birds,
however—they are particular little fellows.

Three of my designs won such favor that I decided
to sell the houses to those who want bird neighbors.
$ 5.00

5.00

12.00 |

The Martin House

The Blue Bird House (four compartments)... .. -
The Wren House (four compartments).........--
The Purple Martin House (This is 3 stories high
with attic; porch on all sides—26 rooms.)
Birds protect trees by destroying insects
Illustrated folder on request. Write to

JOS. H. DODSON, (A Director of the Illinois Audubon Society)
909 Association Bldg., Chicago, IL

All About Poultry Keeping.
It’s Profits. ROBERT ESSEX, well known through-

out America, after a Quarter Cent-
ury’s Experience in all Branches of Poultry-Keeping tells How
to Keep Poultry Profitably; to Build Houses Correctly—Eco-
nomically; How to Succeed. Also allabout America’s Largest
Line of Incubators. You are invited to send for our Catalogue
containing this information, valuable alike to Fanciers, Farm-
ers, Beginners and Experts. It’s FREE. Address nearest office.

Robert Essex Incubator Co. 27H St, Rulfalo, N.Y.

DAY- OLD CHICKS

Healthy, vigorous, from heavy laying stock.
Guaranteed full count and satisfactory. Place
your order NOW-—and avoid the spring rush.

Hatching Eggs Breeding Stock

S.C. W. Leghorns, White and Barred Rocks.
anc 1 stock GUAR
*Tywacana Quality

TYWACANA FARMS POULTRY CO.
A. E. WRIGHT, Supt.
Box 62, Farmingdale, Long Island, N. Y.

All eggs
ED. Write for big new catalog:
* Gives full description and prices.

POU LTRY CO

— iam

How I Bred $50 to
$1600 in Two Years

I want to tell you how one man took FIFTY DOLLARS’ worth of MY
KIND OF POULTRY and in two years multiplied them to SIXTEEN
HUNDRED DOLLARS in value. He was a novice and started in a box.
stall. A true and convincing story TOLD BY THE MAN HIMSELF.
You can do the same, or start smaller and grow. More experiences
of the same kind, illustrated. Ask me for the book. It is free.

RICE, 151 Moward Street, MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS

Fasy to
Buy

aN A SHETLAND PONY

is an unceasing source of pleasure. A safe
and ideal playmate. Makes the child

strong and of robust health. Highest
s type—complete outfits—here.
Inexpensive. Satisfaction guar-
anteed. Write for illustrated
catalog.

BELLE MEADE FARM
“ Dept. 15 Markham, Va.

ey COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE
~ ‘ Half the Cost — with the

PROFIT FARM BOILER

With Dumping Caldron. Empties its kettle in
one minute. The simplest and best arrange-
ment for cooking food for stock. Also make
Dairy and Laundry Stoves, Water and Steam
Jacket Kettles, Hog Scalders, Caldrons, etc.
("Send for particulars and ask for circular L

D. R. SPERRY & CO. Batavia, III.

Large Berkshires
at Highwood

We have for sale service boars, brood
sows and pigs all ages. These are
sired by Berryton Duke’s Model, the
boar that headed the first prize herd at
the Royal in 1909, Highwood Duke
7sth, a f brother to the Grand
Champion boar at the last International,
and other boars of equal merit

Ww. Cc. & H. B. WARPENDING
Dundee, New York

Village Farm For Sale in Mass.

An unusual opportunity. Seven and one half acres on Main
Street, near stores and churches. Good colonial house newly

renovated, papered, painted, steam heat, pure mountain water

supplied by town, bathroom complete, four fine bedrooms
and servants’ rooms, two parlors, large dining room, pantries,
kitchen. Large barn. Orchard, berries, big asparagus bed,
grapes, etc. Valuable all-year home.

ROOM 1607, 31 UNION SQUARE, NEW YORK

My stock of pigs and hogs was
never better. If you want the
best all-around breed raise

Jersey Reds

Fatten easily and quickly, small boned,
long bodied, vigorous, prolific. Meat
unsurpassed. Choice offerings now.
Pigs vaccinated with serum at cost if
desired. Write to- day for free catalog.

Avthur dS: Collins; B Box T, Moorestown,N. J.

GARDENERS

We beg to offer the services of competent, most reliable
Gardeners for Private Estates. The majority of our applicants
are graduates of the world famous Gardeners Colleges of Sweden.

combined with many years of practical training and experience
from the principal gardens of this country and Europe, backed

by our guarantee as to efficiency. Employment services free.

Swedish Horticultural Society of America
f Please address our Corresponding Scy., Alfred Lunden, Lawrence, N. Y.

There’s Money in P oultry

Our Home Study Course _in_ Practical Poultry
Culture under Prof. Chas. Graham, late of the
Connecticut Agricultural ealege teaches how to
make poultry pay.

Personal instruction. Expert Advice.
250 Page Catalogne free. Write to-day.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Dept. G. P., Springfield, Mass,

Prof. Graham.

TO SUBSCRIBERS
An index to Vol. XVI of The Garden Magazine

has been issued and will be sent gratis to any sub-
scriber on application to the Publishers.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO., Garden City, N.Y.

On Three Days’ Approval

for your personal examination in
your own home will we ship our

White Plymouth Rock Suburban Flocks

of twelve specially selected long bodied bred
to lay, farm reared pure white pullets, and one
sturdy vigorous cockerel, beautiful birds that
will not only be an ornament to any suburban
home, but will by their persistent egg laying be
profitable. These birds are ready for immediate
shipment with payment to be made three days
afterarrival. A postal today will bring details.

R. C. CALDWELL, Box 1025, Lyndon, Ross Co., Ohio

Make Your Hens Lay

Send for and read our book on feeding raw bone. Rich in pro-
tein and all other egg elements. Get twige the eggs, more fertile
eggs, vigorous chicks, earlier broilers, heavier fowls, bigger profits.

MANN’S "S788""oret 10 DAYS’ FREE TRIAL Xe Money

In advance
Makes bone-cutting simple,
easy, rapid. Try it and see.
Open hopper automatic feed.
Cuts all bone with adhering,
Never clogs.|
on buy until you try. Book'
ree.
F. W. MANN CO.

Box 325 Milford, Mass.

meatand gristle.

“Nice Dog! What Do You Feed Him?”

Send for a free sample of AUSTIN'S DOG BREAD with
splendid dog book also free. Send grocer’s name.

AUSTIN DOG BREAD & ANIMAL FOOD CO.
203 Marginal Street Chelsea, Mass.

Buff Plymouth Rocks

GOLDEN BUFF, with long backs and fine eyes.
Great Egg Producers.

Ist Cockerel, Ist Hen, Ist Pullet and 4th Cock at
Madison Square Garden, and Club ribbons for best
shape and color Cockerel. At Hempstead, 1912
Ist and 2nd Cock, Ist and 3rd Hen, Ist, 2nd and
3rd Pullet, Ist and 2nd Cockerel, Ist and 2nd Pens.
4 Club ribbons for shape and color, male and female.
2 Cups,

Choice Exhibition Birds for sale,
hatching in season.

C. W. EVERITT Huntington, N. Y

and Eggs for

The Stephenson System of
a ' Underground Refuse Disposal

Ye Saves the battering of your can
and scattering of garbage from
pounding out frozen contents.

meme Underground

Garbage and Refuse Receivers

A fireproof and sanitary disposal of ashes and
refuse in front of your heater.

Our Underground Earth Closet means
freedom from frozen cesspool connec-
tions, a necessity with no sewers.

Nine years on the market. It pays to
look us up.

Sold direct. Send for circular
C. H. STEPHENSON, Mfr.
40 Farrar St. Lynn, Mass.

If you wish to systematize your business the Readers’ Service may be able to offer suggestions

JANUARY, 1913

GD U8t 13 Gr AL Nes ID INI

MAGAZINE

(aS)
(hs)
Or

Wt have a man in our office who

has a very interesting job.

He receives letters from all over the world — and re-
plies to every one of them, not with a mere printed form ;
but with a personal letter carefully thought out.

Some days he travels pretty much all over New York
iooking for the right answer to a single letter.

This man conducts our Readers’ Service Department.

If you come across something in any of our magazines
or anywhere else for that matter, about which you want
more information, just write him a letter

He'll answer it— that’s his job.
Address —

Readers’ Service Department, Doubleday, Page & Company
Garden City, L.I., N. Y.

ORCHIDS

Largest importers and growers of
OrcHiIps in the United States

LAGER & HURRELL
Orchid Growers and Importers SUMMIT, N. J.

Horsford’s Cold Weather Plants.

and Flower Seeds that Grow!

Now is the time to see what to buy. Try a few hardy things and
see how beautiful and permanent many of them are. My list of
wild flowers, ferns, shrubs, trees, etc., would assist you in select-
ing hardy kinds even when buying elsewhere. Plants that can
live in Vermont should be hardy anywhere in the United States.
Don’t fail to see my free catalogue before making up your lists.

F. H. HORSFORD, Charlotte, Vt.

A Mess at all Seasons

* & of fresh

ue in postage stamps together with the name of your
mf) 40 cts. dealer will bring you, postpaid, direct from the
manufacturer, a fresh sample brick of

” | ambert's Pure Culture MUSHROOM SPAWN

the best high-grade spawn in the market, together with large illustrated book
on Mushroom Culture, containing simple and practical methods of raising,
preserving and cooking mushrooms. Not more than one sample brick will
be sent to the same party. Further orders must come through your dealer.

Address: American Spawn Co., Dept. 2, St. Paul, Minn.

If you want a cheap, simple, abso-

NO MORE lutely sure way to keep EVEkY Rabbit

and Every Borer out of your orchard,

RABBITS paint your trees with SULFOCIDE”’

the new concentrated. sulphur com-

pound. Simple to prepare. Cheaply and easily applied.

-One application will last for six months. Absolutely cer-
tain. ‘“‘SuLFocipE”’ will solve -the

Ra abit problem. Write Topay for Waals NO MORE
et, “ SULFoctDE—Sure Protection from

Rabbits and Borers,’”” Address B. G. BORERS
Pratt Co., 50 Church St., N. Y. City.

Prepare for Next Spring
by sending for our catalog of Garden Tools. It is
a complete guide to what you should have for
your garden next spring. Address Dept. |
Ames Plow Co., Boston, Mass.

Quality Seed Potatoes

That’s all. Catalogue free

Johnson Seed Potato Co., Richmond, Me.

PENNSYLVANIA
Quality LAWN MOWERS

THE ONLY MAKE WITH CRUCIBLE TOOL-STEEL
BLADES THROUGHOUT R

Mushrooms Growing in your Cellar |

BUNKER BEAN

HARRY LEON WILSON

UNKER BEAN wore the

best $18.00

suit in America and heartily despised
the detachable cuffs of his millionaire em-

ployer as he took dictation.

He cultivated

the air of a wealthy amateur with a pas-
sion for typewriting, and admired in secret
the elegance of his friend Bulger, who was an
“advanced dresser.”’ Yet he hadn’t the courage

Bunker Bean before himself.

his seance with the
clairvoyant was as
timid a male as could
be found.

previous incarnation.

=to wear anything but the most sober hues
Altogether, Bunker was as timid

a male in maturity as could be found—that
is he was until he found out through a
clairvoyant that he had been Napoleon in a

From that moment

his life changed; the spirit of the Corsican
descended upon him from the bloody past,
and the youth who formerly shrank under the
gaze of a friendly policeman walked with
the memories of Moscow and Austerlitz for-

ever In mind.

But we spoil Mr. Wilson’s story.

You'll

roar with the humor and cleverness of it. It
is supremely laughable and has so much
human nature in it that you’ll be finding
counterparts of Bunker all the time.

Net $1.25.

To be published January 15
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY

Illustrations by F. R. Gruger

Bunker Bean, after he
learned from the clair-
voyant that he was
the reincarnation of
the ‘‘Man of Des-
tiny,” defied the pow-
ers of Wall Street.

New York

Exclusively.

Garden City
Over 600 vari-
eties. I grow

DAHLIAS 23:

Winners. 48 First Prizes in 1912.
1913 Catalogues ready early in January. Free. Order one now.

GEORGE L. STILLMAN, Dahlia Specialist
Box C-3 Westerly, R. I.

o e
Flowers in Winter
Si, For forcing blooms on potted plants or flowers
in greenhouses, use nature’s best plant food,

Sheep’s Head Brand
* of Sheep Manure.

Pulverized. Can be used easily as atop dress-
ing, in liquid form or mixed with the soil. Will
- not cause black spot. Free from weed seed.
Send for booklet and prices.

J NATURAL GUANO CO. Dept. 15, Aurora, Ill.

If you wish information about dogs apply to the Recders’ Service

ruit Trees fo-G4

ih 5 ~ years old,
CUA 4 to 5 feet high, fresh dug: 1 Baldwin, 1 Delicious, 1 Trans-
cendent Crab; 1 Bartlett, r Flemish Beauty, 1 Duchess Pear,
rt Montmorency, r Early Richmond, 1 Tartarian Cherry; J
1 Burbank, 1 Lombard
94 cents. Regular pric
of other offers.

L. W. WALL & CO,
642 Cutler Bldg.,

Plum; x German Prune—all for
$2.45. Write for Free Catalogue J

Established 1879.
Rochester, N. Y.

Make the Farm Pay

Complete Home Study Courses in
Horticulture, Floriculture, Landseape Gar
estry, Poultry Culture, and Veterinary Sc
Prof. Brooks of the Mass. Agricultural College, Prof.
Craig of Cornell University and other eminent
teachers. Over one hundred Home _ Study
Courses under able professors in leading colleges.

250 page catalog free. Write to-day.

THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL

Dept. G. A., Springfield, Manes.

Prof. Brooks

JANUARY, 1913

TH E 3G AR) DERN Ne AY GAR 7 miaNmE,

RATHER PERSONAL

January ist is supposed to be
the best time of the year to turn
over new leaves and make good
resolutions. We have a number of
these new high-minded self prom-
ises ready to put in action at the
tolling of the New Year bells.
One of the most important is that
we shall restrain ourselves from
spending so much ink and paper in
describing our business home here
at Garden City and without proper
modesty setting forth our aspir-
ations.

But, fortunately for us, these
pages of the January number go
to press a month before the end of
the year, and so before our new
resolutions come into force we
want to print a picture of our new
sun dial, which, after about two
years, has come to completion and
will last until long after this gener-
ation has gone to its final reward.
This illustration does not, we think,
do adequate justice to the dial,
which has many remarkable char-
acteristics. In shape it is ellipti-
cal, about seven feet by six, and
the base, which is embedded in the
ground below the line of frost is
made of marble dust and cement.

It is placed at the lower end of
the path, in a room made of cedar
trees — or, as the editorial depart-
ment would say Juniperus Vir-
giniana — about 1,000 feet south
on the straight path from the pool.

The designer is Mr. Walter
Gilliss, who has slaved on it for two
years, spending all the time he
could spare from his more difficult
job of keeping up the quality of
the work done by Country Life
Press, and on its white surface
are brass plates, made in our own

shop, representing the first one hundred years of printing, begin-
ning with the Gutenberg Bible, the open pages of which, with beauti-
ful rubrics, show that superb specimen of printing — about the

“To business that we love we rise betime
And go to ’t with delight.'’— Antony and Cleopatra.

The great Sun Dial representing the first hundred years of printing 1455-1555

interested in such things.

F THES

FICE: |

— ===

The book

best, as well as the first.
lies open at the Latin passage
which rendered into English words
reads: ‘‘Oh, that my words were
now written! oh, that they were

printed in a book.” This repro-
duction was made from the well-
known Hoe copy now owned by
Mr. Henry E. Huntington.

About the border are reproduced
in brass, embedded in the cement
of the base, the colophons of twelve
great printers who made the first
century of printing famous in
Germany, Italy, France, and Eng-
land.

As a sun dial it is, of course, ac-
curate, and each day the upstand-
ing arm throws the sun’s shadow
across the name plates of those
who led the world in the art of
printing from movable type. Mr.
Gilliss has composed and engraved
in enduring metal these words:

O measure of time! Thou merest
mite within the endless providence
of God,
thy wumerring finger ever
point
To those who printed first the
written word.

May

We think it a worthy monu-
ment to these venerable men:

Fust & Schoeffer
Bernardinus de Vitalibus
Hans and Paul Hurus
Aldus

' Jenson

Caxton

Wynkyn de Worde
The St. Albans Printer
Thierry Martens
Guillaume le Rouge
Gering & Rembolt
Plantin

and well worth a visit.

Mr. Gilliss has written an account of the significance of the
dial, a copy of which we will send to any of our readers who are

JANUARY, 1913 THE GARDEN MAGAZIN E

This Famous Apple
Brings as lligh as*9/a liee

Ww
we
~

”

s = Here’s an actual sized “Delicious” apple — The finest fruit in the world! For

a profits you can’t touch it with two of any other variety. The Gi

‘ . pany of Boston are getting 20 cents a piece for ‘Deliciou

S. i i Birchard, Suffold County, Mass. ‘‘Have received as high as $5.50 per box

for ‘Delicious’ apples”, says M. E. Stewart, Chelan County, Wash. The

. . Kunze Fruit Company, Chicago, are now getting $40 a barrel for selected

Delicious” apples. Are you getting anything like that for YOUR apples?

We don’t believe you are! Then why not plant the remarkable Stark Trees
that produce —

The Stark “Delicious”

TRADE MARK REG.)
Apple -— The Finest Fruit in the World.

)

Pies

Ginter Com-
says A. D.

Your orchard soil will grow handsome ‘‘Delicious” apples. Your orchard can
be made over from a moderate producer to one of the biggest-paying places
in the country. Your apple profits can be doubled and even trebled with
“Delicious” apple tree results — but, remember it is only a Stark Brothers
tree that can make and break bumper crop records. It’s only the ‘Delicious’
apple tree that can produce this, the best of all fruit,and there is none
other but a Stark tree with thisname. “‘Delicious’’ is an exclusive Stark
Brothers apple t'ee — it has 100 years of expert apple tree cultivation and
experiment behind it — and no other nursery in the world will ever be able
to duplicate “Delicious” trees. You can plant ‘Delicious’? apple trees in
your orchard, however—and you're cheating yourself out of your full
share of orchard profits unless you do! We have valuable —

Free Books on Stark Trees

Write Today

We'll mail you (postage prepaid) the new Stark Year Book andStark Orchard Book giving
full information on Stark trees. Make your orchard the best in your locality! Grow
luscious, big, fine apples like this one here shown.
Remember this is actual size!

Write us sure

STARK BROS.
Nurseries & Orchards Co.
R..R. No. 60. Louisiana, Mo.

AVVUUUAANUNNanereerUCQUOQUANULALERNUGTELUTAGLANEEL SSE

After Dinner, Play BILLIARDS! |
On Your Own Home Billiard Table

Here’s a prescription for fagged-out brain-workers that’s very easy to take.

After the day’s work, lock all business cares and vexations in your desk. Then, after dinner, play billiards
with the home-folks! The click of ivory, the spirit of rivalry, the mental relaxation and physical exercise will
work wonders. The excitement and fun will send all the family to bed happy and in fine condition for refreshing
sleep.

Inexhaustible Resources of Entertainment

A good billiard table multiplies home attractions amazingly. The entire household shares in the joys of its
possession. It solves the problem of entertaining “the unexpected guest.’’ Amateur tournaments, billiard
parties, and exhibition games make the home billiard-room the social center of the neighborhood. Choose from the
“ Royal Family ” of Billiard Tables. Get a genuine BRUNSWICK.

Lo Brunswick “Baby-Grand” Billiard
STs or Pocket-Billiard Tables

Be PSI Z s S Seceewst Y
From the painting by Charles Everett Fohnson

|
EES

—world’s finest Home Billiard Tables. Genuine mahogany,
inlaid design, highly finished. Vermont Slate Bed. Celebrated
Take Over a Year to Pay! Baby Monarch Cushions; Concealed drawer holds Complete

The oldest and largest manufacturers of billiard ta- Playing Outfit. Scientifically constructed with perfect playing

bles in the world now offer a complete line of beautiful qualities.
Brunswick Home Billiard Tables in various styles and

sizes, at attractive prices. The name “ Brunswick” Brunswick 66 Convertible 99 Billiard Tables errs Sooo 7

on a billiard table has for 60 years been the symbol of CLIP THE COUP ON

highest excellence. Used also as Davenports or Dining and Library Tables

“BABY GRAND”
Style A size 8x6.
Style B size 84sx7,
Style C size 4x8.

The Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co.
Dept. C. M—324-328 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago
Gentlemen: Please send to the address |
below your book

Complete Playing Outfit Free. Any room a billiard room if you own one of these unique and

The price of each table includes complete Playing beautiful Brunswick ‘Convertible’ Tables. Can be instantly
Equipment and all accessories—cues, balls, bridge changed from billiard tables into handsome Davenports or Dining
tack, markers, Rules, Book of Instructions, etc., etc. and Library Tables. Equal in quality to the famous‘‘Baby Grand.”

|
I
l
Beautiful Book, “‘Billiards—The Home Magnet ’’ on Request “Billiards—the Home Magnet”
1
l

Shows full line of Brunswick Home Billiard Tables in colors, with special prices and easy terms. Your copy is ready. Write while it’s

on your mind. 42 IMME AER OG GoD ROD SO. B Oo DOON BODO dOUUDOSHOAGUO
The Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co. reas os SORIA ioe erate tA
Dep’ CoM CECE Eb EEE n SIS GREEN SD Wales noosbdectoobo0gu0000NsO ROZALE wetetettertecte l

DS SS SS SSS Sasa oS

The Readers’ Service will furnish information about foreign travel

228 T HOE, {Grace DaESN

Select Your Roses From This New Book
Write a Postal To-day for a FREE Copy

Herein are listed and accurately described the 360 Best Roses for America.
85 are illustrated by photographs. 11 leaders are shown in natural colors.
Best varieties for every climate, to beautify gardens, arbors, beds, pergolas,
trellises, etc. Selected by America’sforemost rose propagator, who is with
us, and whose half-century of experience is at the service of Conard &
Jones patrons.

This free book also contains full information on how to select, plant, prune
and grow roses; a complete Rose Lover's Calendar; and a liberal FREE
DELIVERY OFFER. It is a book every rose lover should have at hand.

Conard & Jones Roses

Guaranteed to Bloom

America’s Star Roses. Rose growing with us isa science. Our soil, climate, care and long
experience vie with each other in producing vigorous, healthy, symmetrical bushes bearing
perfect blooms, highly perfumed. Every bush is grown on its own roots, is true to name and
species, and is positively guaranteed to grow and bloom, or it will be replaced. Our long
years of rose culture have acquainted us with the best varieties for each climate, and we will
gladly aid you in selecting.

Jonkheer eel: Mock Rose

This magnificent rose of brilliant carmine, shading to imperial pink, was awarded First Prize
at the International Rose Exhibition, held in Paris during June, 1911. It is one of our
recent importations and is shown opposite. At this Exhibition cur president, Mr. Robert
Pyle, was the sole American member of the Jury of Award. This honor indicates the inter-
national prominence attained by The Conard & Jones Co.

The Jonkheer J. L. Mock Rose is shown in all its beautiful
coloring on the cover of our 1913 Rose Book. Byall means
write for your FREE COPY to-day. It is high time to
begin selection for Spring planting.

THE CONARD & JONES CO., Box 24,West Grove, Pa.

Rose Specialists—50 years’ experience.

Mi AUG eA ZailaaN aE

JANUARY, 1913

THE CONARD & JONES CO.
WEST GROVE, PENNSYLVANIA

NEW FLORAL GUIDE

Poppies—Asters
and Zinnias

Three regal favorites of everyone
who really gardens. The varieties
offered are of unusual merit; that’s
why we want you to try them.

Special 50 Cent Offer

We will send you prepaid fourteen
packets, containing one each of the
best colors and varieties of these gor-
geous easily grown annuals, catalog
value $2.00 for 50 cents.

SHIRLEY POPPIES
Packet each 4 beautiful shades 40 cts.
Carmine, Rose, Salmon and White
ASTERS
(Our Famous Branching)
Packet each 6 distinct varieties 60 cts.

White, Shell-Pink, Lavender, Crimson,
Purple and Carmine

ZINNIAS

(Our Giant Double Flowering)

A beautiful type of Zinnia that is unexcelled
for size often measuring 6 inches in diameter.
Plants grow 2 feet high.

Packet each Giant Crimson, Yellow, Rose and
White, $1.00.

14 Packets Catalog Value $2.00 Special
Offer 50 cts.

Our complete catalog 128 pages free on request

Simp alter One

Rosedale Specialties

While we grow a general line of hardy trees, shrubs,
etc., we specialize on Roses, Evergreens and Hardy Per-
ennials, including large sizes for immediate effect. Be-
lieving most people are anxious to procure the best, we spare
no pains to produce the

Highest Quality of Trees

A tree is no better than its roots. Trees, like horses, are of
little value with poor feet, no matter how fine the appearance.
A horse may be fair, fat and foxy, but will be worth little unless
he can go. In buying one should consider three

Important Requisites of a Tree

ist. That they are free from disease and insect pests.
end. That they have been trained to shapely tops.
3rd. That the roots are many and fibrous, as it is the
fine fibers which take in the nourishment from the soil.

The number of these fibers is greatly multiplied every time a tree is
transplanted. Now, if a tree is planted in the nursery row and left for a
number of years without transplanting, the top may look well, but the fine
feeding roots will be at the end of the root system, several feet away, and
will be left in the ground when the tree is dug for sale; whereas, if the tree
were transplanted at the proper time, not only most of the roots would be
saved, but many new fibers would be produced by the time the tree was
ready for sale. Trees are often balled and burlapped. This is well; but
if there are few roots in the ball, the tree may utterly fail just the same.

Rosedale Catalogue describes and prices our full line of hardy products, in-
cluding Dwarf and Standard Fruit Trees, Irish Roses, Flowering Shrubs,
Vines and Trees up to 20 ft.

dandscape Devt. Rosedale Nurseries “tcuw WY.

The Readers’ Service will give you suggestions for the care of live-stock
&

JANUARY, 1913 TE Jal 18) | Gr AN 1 DY IN ION GEN AE ING 19 299

JANUARY, 1913 ; :
Covar IDmseN—A Ibiedle lie po Se = Ss Ss SS RE es ee eee GD) Hooper
PAGE PAGE
THE Montn’s REMINDER - - - - - - - - - - - = 231 Abrus Ihneday IA = 5S eh Se Sis cee Suro = 240
A Few-Hours-A-Day GarpEN - - - - - WNatS.Green 223 Prant More Grapes!- - - - - - - - E. P. Powell 250
Photographs and plan by the author Photograph by the author
A PrizE Homr GARDEN IN KENTUCKY =e 8 Wesley Griffin 236 How I GREW A Rose BusH From A SLip Otto F. Lange 252
Photographs by the author
PLANNING Now For Next Season - - Thomas J. Steed 256
A Lone IsLtanD VEGETABLE GARDEN - Alice Cooper Bensel 239
PROC ere ne ne slanlbethoeeuthe: AU WORDEORMEDPHANATIONG: Citta) =m =e Adolph Kruhm 256
Pitch PINES FOR Poor Soirs - - - - Wilhelm Miller 243 GOOSEBERRIES AND CURRANTS IN TREE Form
P ve 3 : :
hotograph by A. G. Eldredge Rudolf Janicke 258
A VEGETABLE PLANTING TABLE For SouTHERN GARDENS Photograph by the author
Thos. J. Steed 245 Usinc SAWDUST AS A FERTILIZER - - - - F. H. Mason 260
Buttpincs IN tHE Home Grounps: III., Warts anp Piers AN INSTANCE OF THE MENDELLIAN'LAW- - - - - .- - 262
Phil M. Riley 246 ee
PHOtoeraphalbysANGurldvedeeerieTrothandisthere SOME OBSERVATIONS OF UNFAMILIAR TREES- H. S. Adams 264
Photographs by F. A. Walter
Tue Cuitp’s GARDEN - - - - - - - Ellen Eddy Shaw 248 : ;
PhotozraphibysHeO;Gonnell Growi1nc Tritomas From SEED - Charles Krumwiede, Jr. 268
SUBSCRIPTION; CopyricHT, 1912, By DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY For Foreign Postage
| $1-soa year Entered as second-class matter at Garden City, New York, under the Act of Congress, March 3, 1879 add 6s5c.
Single copies 15 cts. F. N. Dousrepay, President Watrer H. Pace, Hersert S. Houston, Vice-Presidents S.A. Everitt, Treasurer Russett Doustepay, Secretary | For Canada add 3sc.

You Can Have Roses Just as Nice as This

When You Use My Sturdy “Fairfax” Plants

Growing Roses is easy or hard, just as you make it. When you start with vigo-
rous, thrifty, sturdy bushes, that have been wintered out of doors, it is easy to have
roses even finer than that shown here. When you plant forced roses, that have lost
all their vitality through excess of greenhouse heat, you have to wait years for them
to recover—if they will.

Fairfax Roses are “The Aristocrats of Rosedom”

Fairfax Roses are allowed to grow slowly, forming strong roots and hard, firm wood. In the fall
they are dug and stored in pots, out of doors, ready for shipment the next spring. Crisp winter
weather gives them a long dormant season—and when they reach you they are ready to produce an
abundance of perfect blooms.

Every condition of soil and climate is so favorable that Fairfax Roses become truly superb. The
soil is right to establish lots of heavy, healthy roots and good, stout canes. The climate is right to
develop rapid, but hardy, growth; This combination lacks only one thing and I have supplied that—
the ability to propagate the best varieties and fill orders accurately and to the sac‘sfaction of customers.

“Mrs. Aaron Ward” the Beautiful New Yelicv: Rose

from France, 50 Cents for Two Year Plants
My finest new Rose this year is Mrs. Aaron Ward, a beautiful yellow Hardy Hybrid Tea from

France — shown in the engraving to the right. Visitors to my Rose gardens go into raptures over this wonderful acquis-
ition,,which blooms profusely throughout the season. The blossoms are very large, of exquisitely fine form, and are of a
delicate Indian-yellow color, which shades lighter toward the edges as the flower opens. The demand for this Rose so far
has exceeded the supply. Now, however, I have a large supply of sturdy two-year bushes. Price, 1-year mailing size,
25 cents postpaid. Sturdy two year plants, 50 cents each, $5 per dozen, by express.

My Free Book Tells How to Grow the Finest Flowers

T have just issued my attractive 1913 catalogue, full of is illustrated with real pictures of roses. It alsc describes
helpful infermation. If you expect to buy roses this year, a number of other useful plants and flowers, — Dahlias,
T’ll be glad to send it to you. It tells about roses from the Gladioli, Bedding Plants and Ferns, Shrubs, etc. Write
view-point of cne who knows them, admires them, and lives me about your garden now, and I'll send this book by
among them. It lists roses of many types and colors and return mail.

W. R. GRAY Box6 . Oakton, Virginia

What is a fair rental for a given property? Ask the Readers’ Service

230 THE GA ROD ESN] MeAyGeAy Za leNee, January, 1913

Burpee’s “Seeds That Grow”

ARS supplied each season direct to many more planters than are the seeds of any
- other brand. BURPEE’S SEEDS are known the world over as the best it is possible to
produce, and are acknowledged the American Standard of excellence. In thirty-six
years of successful seed selling we have introduced more Novelties that are now in
general cultivation than have any three other firms. We produce Selected Stocks
upon our own seed farms in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and California, while FORDHOOK
FARMS are famous as the largest trial grounds in America. No Government Experi-
mental Station attempts such complete trials each season, and the information here
olin is of incalculable benefit to planters everywhere.

Burpee’s Annual for 1913

Each season we travel more than 30,000 miles to inspect personally
our growing crops, and yet never solicit an order! We ask, therefore,
that you give Burpee’s Annual for 1913 —“‘our silent salesman”— your
careful attention in the quiet of your own home. It is a bright new
book of 180 pages, picturing by pen and pencil all that is best in seeds,
and tells the plain truth. While embellished with colored covers and plates
painted from nature, it is A Safe Guide — entirely free from exaggeration.

Cie PLAIN TRUTH
"Be

‘Best

Simply send us your address today, stating that you saw this ad-
vertisement in THE GARDEN MAGAZINE and the Annual will be
mailed at once. A postal card will do—and you will not be annoyed
by any ‘‘follow-up”’ letters.

Small Gardens for Small Folks

In connection with our New Departure of Seeds for the Children’s
Gardens, we publish this interesting and instructive Little Book. Its
four chapters, with useful illustrations, tell what and how to plant and

Tate SA oan eecaerale! explain the “why and wherefore” of successful gardening. Parents and
teachers will welcome this original new Booklet as filling “‘a long-felt want.”
So enticingly is the story told that children will find its reading almost as absorbing as a fairy tale!

This Unique Little Book,—making ‘“‘'The Lure of the Land” appeal to the hearts of children,—is sure of

such an enthusiastic welcome everywhere that we have published a first edition of more than two hundred

thousand copies.
Seeds for Children’s Gardens

Parents and teachers as well as the children eran Ge will be vitally interested in reading
pages 107, 108 and 109 of The Burpee Annual telling about this New Departure.
Many would doubtless like to ‘Shave a sample” of just w hat we are doing; therefore, we offer

a special
Ready Made Collection

For 25 Ct we will mail one “Children’s Packet” each of Semple’s Branching Asters,—Imperial Centaurea,— Fordhook Favor-

S. ite Dianthus,— Variegated Tall Queen Nasturtiums,— Imperial German Pansies,—Fordhook Phlox Drummondi1,—
Burpee’s Superb Spencer Sweet Peas in Unequaled mixture as grown by us in California, — Burpee’s Columbia Beet,— Burpee’s Golden Bantam
Sweet Corn,—Burpee’s Iceberg Lettuce,—W bite Icicle Radish and Chalk’s Early Jewel Tomato, together with the book “SmaLt GaRDENS FOR SMALL
Fo.xs.’’ Five of these collections (with five books) will be mailed for $1.00 and sent to five separate addresses if so directed. To each address we
will mail also a free copy of Tor BurPEE ANNUAL FoR 1913, if requested on order.

W. Atlee Burpee & Co.

Burpee Buildings PHILADELPHIA

_ WSATLEE BURPEE & Co. Pritavevenia

For information about popular resorts write to the Readers’ Service

The G

arden Magazine

VoL. XVI—No. 6

PUBLISHED MONTHLY

JANUARY, 1913

§ ONE DOLLAR FIFTY CENTS A YEAR
(FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY

[For the purpose of reckoning dates, New York is

generally taken as a standard. Allow six days’ differ-
ence for every hundred miles of latitude.]

A New Year’s Resolution

Whereas : the gardener’s season of 1913
1s approaching, and

Whereas : I have learned, by reading of
the experiences of others, that a well cared
for garden yields both pleasure and profit;
Therefore by me—a member of the
United Brotherhood of GARDEN MAGAZINE
Readers, be it

“*Resolved : That I have a garden
this coming year, which shall be the
best I have ever had; that to that end

I shall give it the care it needs when it

needs it; and, finally, that I shall keep

a detailed record of my work, my suc-

cesses, and my failures to aid myself

and others in future years.”

Anyone who will make such a resolution
and stick to it faithfully is very, very likely
to enjoy these things:

(1) Vegetables that are beyond a shadow
of a doubt, pure food.

(2) Vegetables that are fresh, crisp, with
a quality that no store-bought produce
ever possesses.

(3) Food not only for summer consump-
tion, but to be canned and used all winter.

(4) Abundant flowers for indoor and
outdoor decoration and for gifts.

(5)Health, strength, a good appetite,
‘contentment, and the satisfaction that
comes from a knowledge of profitable work
well done.

We have yet to hear of the person who
contends that it doesn’t pay to have a gar-
den. The successful plot is its own commen-
dation and reward; the average failure
merely stimulates one to another attempt
and improved methods.

But for all these results you must get to
work right away. Too many people de-

cide in all sincerity to have a garden but
fail to do anything about it until they see
their neighbor sowing his seeds in April or
May. Here, for instance, are some of the
things that you can and should do now:

Write to half a dozen reliable seedsmen
for catalogues. If you are a satisfied
customer of any one firm, you will prob-
ably stick to it for the bulk of your order.
The others may however offer certain
novelties that you will care to try out in
limited amounts.

For your own sake, as well as that of the
dealer, begin preparations so that you can
make out your seed order and send it as
soon as possible after receiving the catalog.
It will mean better quality seed and no
danger of the particular variety that you
want being out of stock; better care and
attention in the filling of the order; less
congestion in the offices and packing rooms
of the seedsman; and, by no means of least
importance, more prompt delivery. Ex-
press companies handle tremendous ship-
ments of seeds and plants. The more that
can be delivered in January and February,
the easier the task in the rush months of
March, April, and May.

Draw a good sized plan of your garden
to scale (measuring the ground carefully if
you have not already done so), and begin
to work out a planting system. “Begin
to,” for the best results come through
numerous revisions and after careful prepar-
ation.

Find out from neighbors what varieties
have always succeeded in your locality.

Tf you are a newcomer, study up the con-
dition and needs of your soil.

Write to your Agricultural Experiment
Station for their latest bulletins on garden
making. Some of the stations publish com-
plete descriptive lists of tried and tested
varieties for the state.

If there is any chance of water shortage,
try to devise an irrigation system adapted
to your circumstances.

For the new orchard another plan will be
needed, in which each tree is located by
letter or number. This method of identi-
fication does away with labels to be hung or
the branches, half of which generally girdle
the tree because they cannot expand, while
the rest, being loosely attached, get blown
or knocked off.

Place an order with some nearby livery
stable for fresh, unfermented horse manure
to be delivered as soon as you are ready to
build hotbeds — say February roth. Even
then you will not have the temperature
right for seed sowing until about the 25th
of the month, which is quite late enough for

231

the earliest crops in the latitude of New
York.

Make plenty of wooden labels for the
garden rows, filling in variety names as soon
as you decide what you are to grow.
Make some straw hotbed mats, too. These
will be needed most when the beds are first
made.

Spread well decayed manure over the
garden if it is level; have it plowed if a
temporary thaw permits; and harrow in
lime after plowing if there is any tendency
toward sourness in the soil.

Continue testing any old seed on hand
so as to determine just how much you will
have to include in your new order. Some-
what elaborate seed testers can be bought
very reasonably, or a satisfactory apparatus
can be made from two plates and a piece of
blotting paper. But do not bother with
small quantities — good seed is the least
expense in gardening anyhow.

Have you ordered those parts with which
to repair the lawn mower; the seeder and the
other tools? These are the days for such
indoor work.

Where the Garden is Not New

ULCHING can be done as long as

snow holds off. Its most important
duty is of course to hold the frost in the
ground and prevent alternate thawing and
freezing.

Complete all pruning, trimming and
spraying. This is a part of the r912 work
and you will be full of regret if you have to
do it in the early spring of r913.

Get out into the woods whenever possible
to become acquainted with Nature in her
winter aspects. Plenty of people know the
more common trees and shrubs when in
leaf, but comparatively few can tell them
apart by means of twigs and berries. Such
knowledge is anearmark of the real gardener
who takes an interest in his botany as well
as his practical gardening operations. It
is of practical value, too, as you will find
when you plan winter effects in shrubbery
and border.

While on one of these trips, gather some
bayberries, take them home, and make
some old-fashioned bayberry candles.
Many people whose olfactory senses are
well developed, derive pleasure from burn-
ing them. How to make them is told in
not more than half a column in THE GarR-
DEN MacazineE for January, 1908. A few
home made candles tucked into every
Christmas package you send away will add
a little of the same sort of spirit that holly
and mistletoe infuse.

232

IH EF (GeAyReDakaN

MAGAZINE

JANUARY, 1913

Things to Save in Winter

LL the hardwood ashes you can get hold
<A’ of. Handle them carefully and pro-
tect them from the leaching effects of rain.

Coal ashes, if any of your soil is heavy.
To save space, sift them and save only the
nne material.

Soot, if by chance you burn soft coal, peat,
or any such material. This has a composite
nature combining fertilizing and insect de-
stroying properties.

Manure, especially the liquids in the
stable, by means of absorbent bedding or
water-tight gutters and storage reservoirs.

Energy, by doing indoor repair and con-
struction work now while the outdoor call is
less noisy.

Tools, by keeping them from rust and
decay.

Greenhouse Notes

Ae prevent carnations from bursting
their calyces, keep the temperature
above 50 degrees.

For violets, 42 to 45 degrees is plenty
warm enough at night. Low temperatures
retard blossoming but strengthen stems.
Keep the dead leaves and full blown blos-
soms picked at all times.

About January 15th, sow gloxinia, be-

gonia, streptocarpus, amaryllis, and ges-
nera.

Perhaps you can find room in the benches
for some of the smaller vegetables that
mature quickly, such as short horn carrots,
lettuce, spinach, radishes, and beets.

With the approach of this indoor seed
sowing season you can well afford to look up
the January, 1907, GARDEN MAGAZINE,
where on page 281, is found a detailed, com-
prehensive article and extremely helpful
photographs describing the best methods of
preparing flats, pots, and pans.

The Care of House Plants

OU may receive, as well as give, some
growing plants as Christmas presents.
This is your chance to show your skill in
keeping them beautiful as long as possible.
If the soil is dry when they are delivered,
supply enough water to moisten them
thoroughly. Keep the plant in a slightly
cool place for a time, bringing it into the heat
of the living room by gradual stages.
Each night, too, put it away where the
temperature is not extreme and where it
will, therefore, get a little rest. It is most
important to avoid great fluctuations of
temperature; therefore at night, don’t have
the plants close to the windows of rooms
that are heated by day.

Bulbs (in soil) that have flowered should
be kept in a sunny corner without water to
ripen well and dry. In this condition they
will keep until next fall. Keep the water
around the growing bulbs fresh. A small
piece of charcoal will help by sweetening it.

Methods of watering are responsible for a
good many successes and also a good many
failures with house plants. Above all
things don’t sprinkle them regularly night
and morning just as you would feed a dog or
ahorse. When the soil dries it needs water
and plenty of it. Until, then, leave it
alone. Mere surface sprinkling is not only
useless but harmful.

Any Cape bulbs still left unforced can be
started with Easter in mind. As in the fall,
put them away in soil or water in a cool, dim
room for six or eight weeks.

Easter lilies should have been started
before December 20th, but with special
care you can still get seasonable results.
The bulbs brought in from pits or frames
must be started at about 45 degrees. In-
crease the temperature two or three degrees
a week until 60 is reached. Then maintain
it there.

Remember

6 ay first thing is to get the garden
planned and seeds ordered.

PRIZE AWARDS IN OUR GARDEN CONTEST

HEN

found that out of the host
of competitors there were five
whose articles were of equal
merit. We accordingly sent
checks of $100 each to the
contestants named herewith,
as equal prize winners.

Three of these prize articles
are presented in the pages
immediately following. The
two remaining will appear
in the February issue of THE
GARDEN MacazIneE.

It was no light task to
weigh out the respective
merits of all the entrants.
Some few failed to receive
ultimate consideration —be-
cause they did not submit
full records of the season’s
work; others sent no planting plans.

It is interesting to observe that the three articles pre-
sented this month are from quite widely separated regions
and they also represent different types of gardens.

we offered five hundred dollars for the

best account of the most productive half acre
home garden, we fully expected to find one account
that would entirely eclipse all others.

having

But

instead we

THE WINNERS

Alice Cooper Bensel,
Amityville, Long Island

Lincoln Cromwell,
Norfolk, Connecticut

Nat S. Green,
Milford, Ohio

J. Wesley Griffin,
Warsaw, Kentucky

James W. Reed,
Glen Ridge, New Jersey

To each of whom $100 has been paid

In each case we certify to having seen full accounts and
vouchers for expenditures, but these are not printed as
no general
accounts are published as received.

interest. Otherwise, however, the

Our readers will be able
to use the plans and records
for the improvement of their
own gardens this year. They
may take the facts here given
and construct a _ planting
plan to suit their own special
needs and they may be able
to very nearly estimate the
actual amounts of seeds, etc.,
and feet of rows required for
a given yield.

The interest in this contest
was widespread and intense.
We feel satisfied, from our
standpoint, in being thus able
to put before our readers
real hard facts — no fancies.
The year of this contest was
not favorable to large yields

so there is nothing phenomenal set down. But on the other

hand it is shown

that the suburbanite and the rural

dweller have within their grasp at least a part of the
solution of the cost-of-living problem.

A Few-Hours-a-Day Garden—By Nat §. Green,

Milford,

Awarded one of the five equivalent prizes in our Most Productive Half Acre competition.

UR garden plot is situated on the
brow of a high hill overlooking the
Little Miami River, 14 miles north-
east of Cincinnati. It is somewhat
irregular in shape, making
it somewhat difficult to
obtain the exact area, but
by cutting off a strip at
one end I was able to get
the size accurately. The
area is approximately 20,-
500 square feet or a little
less than half an acre.
The land slopes in three
directions but not enough
to wash the soil badly or
to make cultivation diffi-
cult. There are trees
growing around three
sides of the garden, some
within forty feet of it, but
as the nearest ones are
down hill from the girden
their roots do not cause
any appreciable trouble.
The shade, however, does
affect the vegetables on
the east, south and south-
west portions of the gar-
den to some little extent.
The soil of this plot,
when we acquired the place several years
ago, was a heavy clay loam that had been
neglected for years and was in bad shape.
The subsoil is yellow clay. The plot formerly
had been used as a garden but as little

The flowers shown here followed Telephone peas.

manure or other humus making material
had been applied the ground had become
too poor to grow vegetables and was aban-
doned. During the past four years by clear-

ing, draining and liberal manuring we have
lightened and enriched the soil until it is
in very good shape, except one corner
which is still too heavy to grow most veg-
etables well. On parts that showed an

=

Permanent vegetables beyond

acid condition, lime and ashes were used,
and to provide humus rye was grown and
plowed down. In addition several tons of
manure (all we could spare) from the barns
were applied every winter
and spring, and hen
manure scattered on the
ground as it was removed
from the poultry houses.

Last winter and spring
about five tons of stable
manure were spread on
the plot, being hauled out
at various times as it
accumulated. The ground
was broken up March 234.
Some parts were rather
wet, but there were some
things we wanted to plant
early and as there was no
prospect of better weather
soon I plowed the entire
plot. As things turned
out the early plowing did
as well as later, for un-
favorable weather made
Igii one of the worst sea-
sons in years for spring
plowing. Considerable
dragging and_ repeated
harrowing were neces-
sary to get the ground in good shape. As
soon as it was prepared I made furrows
with a wheel hoe and
planted

eee =
ae fa a pa |

ees von a 5 5 —_—
a CEE nla th ta attain nate angi s cen hE a jj
eS f /
t ee 4

Cro double rows of Prolific

ae Early Market peas. I also

sowed broadcast a strip of

kale and one of spinach, raking

Rows

in the seed. I had never before

About

2/6 Feet

tried broadcasting them but

they grew all right. Norwood

b 44 off vee “Hens Ay Wong ana Hino Ya

Dwarf Curled kale and Blooms-

Zz ks als fa an garthrn 4:

dale Savoy spinach were used.

{ 2 Double rows Protific Early Marker Peas Yay off 4

On March 26th, there was rain,

which stopped garden work; but

on April 1st I sowed radish and

lettuce, protecting the rows or

=
= —

rather strips three and two feet

‘ yi a Bush Lime Arona thos Ya Hale

ji Li

wide, with canvas held up on

wetliuce between bil,

soutedd S20

short stakes; and set out the

A 193 rect
iS 195 Fece
Ss) 195 Feet

; Grand Rapids
[vszats} 7 non, | Sf Be Cincinnals arketand FanecenenoA \
; er se eee i early cabbage and cauliflower
am) 2 gaan a s plants. Also sowed more
Chand xaly a eeleuce E (Beams Fatt} = spinach During the following

Radish 4

att 649 {Pra a Darket Peas Vin aff 9:

7 two weeks there was so much

at ose 95,

rain that all garden work was at

mane nee Sapo iat a es Se Gata a standstill.
daz eade othe Machel aoe poi Pe - — Earlier in the season there had
Gel out Hg Vea Poriowed BH meets Van gy SL a * been done somework that should

mts Almost a farture
Ont oktas Prom seeds and c/s only

Aeclonsens few mature bulbs of

Je 0ul in fall for bunching

Orion seed: sowed Yr followed by late celery setoult
rad for Winter use

marketable se were odtained

epee

= Onions )

FanfTowers

~ 136 Feet

Planting plan for Nat S. Green’s Ohio garden for the year of the prize contest

233

be mentioned here. At thesouth-
west corner of the garden is an
offset that cannot be conven-

234

AD OSC 1S, XEe see dks 1D) 1B) IN|

WI Gy AN 7A I IN| IB.

JANUARY, 1912

iently plowed, so we have devoted it and
a portion outside of it to vegetables that do
not have to be renewed every year. Here
we established three years ago a small bed
of Conover’s Colossal asparagus and a short
row of rhubarb (Linneus). Several rows
of sage and parsley plants were set out
and a long neglected little patch of pepper-
mint was cleaned up. ‘The parsley and
sage plants were set out last fall and pro-
tected by a mulch of straw and grass.
The portion of the offset not occupied by
permanent vegetables I used as a bed in
which to start late cabbage, tomato and
other plants. Late in February, having
some old onions that were beginning to
sprout badly and rot, I sorted them out and
set them at the south end of the 6-foot
strip next the fence, which we had used as
an onion bed for two years. They were
set when the ground was wet and un-
protected by a light mulch. I did not
expect much of them but they gave a
surprising number of bunching onions. The
asparagus bed had been heavily manured
in the fall and some salt was scattered over
it and worked into the soil. Early in March
the coarser manure was forked and the
soil given a thorough working. Early in
May the shoots began to. push through
the ground and for the next month we had
a plentiful supply of big, tender shoots for
the family table. To ‘hasten the growth
of the rhubarb a bottomless box was
placed over each plant and banked with
fresh horse manure. We pulled the first
stalks May 12th, and in all gathered 38
‘bunches. The parsley made rapid growth
and though the demand for it is not large
we found no trouble in selling the little we
had. Before the garden was plowed we
dug up a row, or part of a row, of parsnips
(Hollow Crown) which had been wintered
over. Some we sold toa grocer at 50 cents a
bushel; the remainder were fed to the stock.
In the house we had various plants
started in flats. All of our early plants
were raised this way except cabbage which
was started in the fall and wintered over
in a coldframe. We used no_ hotbeds
at all. As the weather warmed up the
hardier plants were given frequent airings
and finally put in coldframes to harden off.
On April 17 I sowed one row of Early
Scarlet Horn carrot, two short rows Pro-
lific Early Market peas, four rows Edmands
Early beet, and set out one row of Boston
Market lettuce that had been started
indoors. Showers kept me out of the
garden for. ten days when the condition
of the ground necessitated replowing.
f used a double shovel plow and followed
it with the spike tooth harrow. When the
ground was prepared (April 27) I made
the first planting of 6 rows of Valentine,
two rows of Wardwells Kidney Wax beans,
two rows Kendals Early Giant corn and
one row mixed radish seed, using only the
small, quick growing sorts, such as French
Breakfast, Early Scarlet Turnip and Scarlet
Globe. More rain followed on April 28th,
and the night of April 30th.

The first four days of May were clear
and cool, and there was light frost but not
enough to do any damage. The temper-
ature began to rise on the 5th, and by the
6th, had climbed to 69 degrees. During
the remainder of the month we had un-
usually hot weather, ranging in the 80’s
most of the time, and sometimes reaching
94 degrees. There was very little rain.

On May 6, planted one row Stringless
Green Pod and one row Henderson’s bush
lima beans, two short double rows Tele-
phone peas and one short row of Extra
Curled cress. The rows of peas were made
four feet apart and beans two feet. Most
of the smaller vegetables, like radish,
lettuce, carrots and beets, I usually spaced
18 inches between rows, but a few I placed
only a foot apart.

May 8. Set out 70 plants of Early
Louisville Drumhead cabbage, 13 feet
apart, and twenty hills of Livingston’s
Beauty tomato, set 3 feet apart and staked.
In each tomato hill a small forkful of
manure was placed. Many of the earlier
plantings were up by this time and some
should have been cultivated earlier, but
other work claimed our attention so that
the first cultivation was given May 8th.
Few weeds had started and about an hour’s
work with the wheel hoe put everything
in good shape. From this time on we kept
the soil loose and mellow by frequent
stirring, sometimes with the wheel hoe,
using its several attachments, and some-
times with the hand hoe. We aimed to
cultivate after every rain just as soon
as the soil was workable, in order to pre-

VEGETABLES ON HAND
SOME IN THE GARDEN SOME STORED

TOTAL YIELDS AND VALUES

VEGETABLE QUANTITY VALUE
Beets, large 43 bushels $ 1.80
Young 80 bunches 2.00
Beans, Ky. Won. 4 quarts -40

Dry-Valentine 14 quarts I.40

Stringless 3 quarts -30

Wax 12 quarts 1.20

Dwarf Ir quarts 1.32

Lima, pole 5 quarts 275

Cabbage 28 heads I-40
Cauliflower 12 heads I.20
Carrots 2 bushels 1.00
Celery 70 bunches 7.00
Endive 2.00
Kale 4.00
Lettuce 3-50
Onions—old 23 bushels 2.00
Popcorn 2 bu. measured 2.00
Sage 44 bunches 2.20
Spinach 3.00
Sunflower Seed I5 quarts I.50
Tomato—green 1} bushels 1.05
Turnips 2 bushels .80
Canned goose- 6 quarts 60
berries
$42.42
TOTAL EXPENSES

Seeds : eK $ 17.80
Fertilizer — Manure, 5 5 tons at ‘$2 tis 10.00

eee too-30c. § bu. 1 doz.

5 GR 75 Be as Oo Sees 1.40
Poles ee pena, Deeg scar. ae Rees 1.00
Stakes for tomatoes .. : -50
Canvas for protecting vegetables, “140

yards at 4c, $5.60; used 3 years and

good for one-more, } cost charged to

eis ty Care ae coe ae pw! Sse) yee 1.40
ahi oe ees Rn ee ee River 225
Spraying material, 3ibs. arsenate of

lead and bordeaux mixture . . . aR
Lime, 2 barrels at goc_ 80
Time isuned in deliv ering vegetables.

64 trips made, average 23 hrs. As they

were made for other | produce than that

from the 3-acre garden only one half the

cost is charged to the 3-acre. 64 trips

of 23 hrs. each 160 hrs. 3-80 hrs. at 30c 24.00
Shelling beans 115 qts.at 3c.qt.. . 3-45
Tools — wear and tear 2.50

Labor — cultivation, gathering \ vege-
tables and preparing for market, 217
hrs. at 20c. . MN DA SE 43.40

Use of team 163 hrs. at 20c.

Totalaer- ea ea ee OLZOnst

VEGETABLE QUANTITY VALUE
Asparagus 17 bunches $ 1.70
Beets, young 1,778 bunches 40.20

old 42 bushels 1.80
Beans, pole lima 70% quarts 13.74
Dwarf lima 31 quarts 7.68
Green string 101 pecks 32.16
Wax, string 263 pecks 10.08
Green shelled
(other than lima) | 133 quarts 2.75
Beans, Dry, Wax 12 quarts I.20
Valentine 14 quarts I.40
Stringless 3 quarts 30
Ky. Wonder 4 quarts -40
Dwarf lima II quarts 1.32
Pole lima 5 quarts 75
Cabbage early and
med. 165 heads 9.09
late . 38 heads 2.03
Cauliflower, early 19 heads 2.05
late 17 heads 1.65
Carrots, bunch 22 bunches 17.90
large 2 bushels I.00
Celery 7o bunches 7.00
Corn 97 dozen 14.36
Cress 21 bunches 65
Cucumbers 334 7-75
pickles 370 -95
Eggplant 67 5.90
Endive 54 bunches 2.70
Kale On hand $4 worth 7.00
sold 15 pecks
Lettuce heads Ac 6.33
bulk On hand $3.50 19.75
worth 323 bun.
Muskmelons 58 4.95
Onions, bunch 376 bunches 6.23
boiling 54 bunches 1.35
large 23 bushels 2.00
Peas 224 pecks 13.95
dry 5 quarts I.00
Popcorn 2 bushels 2.00
Parsley 38 bunches I..22
Peppers (Mango) 6 doz. .60
Parsnips 4 bushels 2.00
Radish 1,769 bunches 29.63
Rhubarb 38 bunches 1.35
Squash 178 PeLORSe:
Spinach On hand $3 worth II.40
sold 42 pecks
Sage 58 bunches 3.10
Sunflower Seed 15 quarts 1.50
Gooseberries 6 quarts 60
‘Tomatoes 53% pecks 16.92
yellow 96 quarts 4.80
green 1; bushels 1.05
Turnips 32 bushels ~ 2.00
$327.80

JANUARY, 1913

June 20th. Pole lima beans, cucumbers and melons with popcorn. Squash July 22nd. From same position.
plants are used as bug traps

vent a crust from forming and to conserve
every possible particle of moisture. This
course stood us in good stead later in the
season when the drouth set in, and it was
the means of saving some vegetables from
being complete failures.

By May roth, the ground had become
thoroughly warmed through, so I planted
132 hills of King of the Garden lima beans,
three feet apart each way, and next to
them a row of White Spine cucumbers and
Rocky Ford muskmelon, 24 hills of each,
between which Golden Queen popcorn was
later planted. A few squash seeds were
planted to provide trap plants for bugs
and beetles. Two rows of Edmands early
beets and one half row of Prize Head lettuce
were sowed. Twenty-four hills of squash
were also planted — 12 hills of Mammoth
White Bush and 12 hills Yellow Summer
Crookneck. The planting and cultivation
of vegetables already up took up practically
the entire day.

Spinach, kale, radish and green onions
were now large enough to use and we had
them on our own table daily. There was
some surplus and this we began taking
to the village whenever we had to make
a trip there. May rsth, we pulled a few
stalks of rhubarb and cut enough asparagus
for a “mess.”
plentiful, and part of the first planting
of lettuce and the second radish were ready
to use. We also had been using parsley
for a week. We now began making
regular trips to the village, two a week at
first but soon changed to three, and by the
middle of June we had made Tuesday,
Thursday, and Saturday regular delivery
days. During the past three years I have
sold some vegetables, along with my
poultry products, to private customers,
and as I always sold only the best vege-
tables prepared attractively I have gained
something of a reputation for quality.
Therefore, it was not difficult for me to
work up a regular trade this season. Mil-

By the 20th, both were ©

eh ae GwAghe Den eN > M ANGeAGZ ol N=

The popcorn has developed so much that

it hides the row of pole limas

ford is only a ten minute drive from my
place. As I had no time to spare for
“peddling” I began on my first trip to
ask my customers to call me up whenever
they needed any vegetables, and if con-
venient to notify mea day ahead. In this
way I soon had enough regular customers
to take all of my produce except in mid-
season when I sometimes had to dispose of
the small surplus to one of the grocers.
My regular customers numbered about
90, including a number of summer residents
from Cincinnati who had cottages along the
Miami River.

May 15. The second planting of Val-
entine beans and Early Scarlet Horn
carrots were made. Three days later
Kentucky Wonder beans and a_ second
planting of Wardwells Kidney Wax beans
were made, and some cabbage plants cut
by cutworms were replaced with large
stocky plants. Eggplant (12 Black Beauty)
and pepper (15 Ruby King) were set out
May 25th. May 28th, poles were set to
lima beans. Two rows of Kendals Early
Giant sugar corn was planted on May to.
The following day 42 Ponderosa tomato
plants were set out and on May 22nd,
Grand Rapids lettuce was sowed between
the lima bean hills.

Although the weather continued un-
seasonably hot, most of the vegetables
stood it well, but some few looked as if
they would succumb, particularly the
melons and cucumbers. ‘The first planting
of peas grew splendidly and by the last
week in May the vines were hanging full
of pods; but owing to the extreme heat
the pods began to dry when only partly
filled out. We began gathering the peas
June 4th, and in a little more than a week
the last were picked. As the vines were
withering many pods had to be picked
when not more than half filled. This
shortened the yield materially. As peas
were scarce we had no trouble in selling ours
at a fine price. The hot weather con-

tinued in June and for awhile it looked bad
for the garden. Showers on June 3d,
5th and 6th, gave only temporary relief.
We continued to cultivate frequently to
hold what moisture there was, never allow-
ing a crust to form.

As soon as the early plantings of kale,
spinach, radish, lettuce and peas were
cleared off we stirred the ground, using
a plow attachment on the wheel hoe, and
planted succession crops. Not all of the
kale, radish, etc., grew to marketable size;
we figured that the ground was more value-
able for the succeeding crops and so cleared
off some of the first while small. The
lettuce, kale and spinach were not wasted,
however, as it made excellent green feed
for the poultry. Sufficient radishes were
constantly coming on from sowitigs made
with beets and carrots, and between hills
of tomatoes, etc. In addition to being
injured by the hot weather the muskmelon
and cucumber vines were attacked by the
striped beetle and it was only by the free
use of arsenate of lead that they were
saved. We found the arsenate of lead and
bordeaux mixture combination an efficient
insecticide and fungicide and used it on
all vegetables requiring spraying. It was
applied several times to the cabbage and
cauliflower to control the green worm.

June 8th, I pulled the first beets and
soon they were plentiful but they were in
such demand that I often had more orders
than I could fill. I also had more orders
for peas than I could fill and later the same
was true of lima beans. Carrots and
Valentine beans were added to the list the
week of June 17th, and the following week
we began picking the wax beans. String-
less Green Pod beans were picked the last
week in June and we also gathered three
squashes and several heads of cabbage.
June 30th, we set out some tomato plants
for extra late, and planted some peas, with
little hope, however, that they would
amount to anything.

236

THE -GoyA RR DeE NS wi AG GrAwZeleNer

JANUARY, 1913

The last half of June was not hot as the
earlier part and there were frequent show-
ers, so the garden was in fair shape at the
beginning of July. But peas had made
a very poor showing, cucumbers and
melons were unsatisfactory and _ early
cauliflower had been badly injured by the
torrid weather. The pole lima beans had
made good growth but were set back by
a heavy hailstorm June 17th, that cut off
the ends of the vines, causing branches
to start from the lower joints and so making
the beans somewhat later. The dwarf
limas were not injured and by June 26th
were laden with young pods and blossoms.
After a heavy shower June 27th I went
over the entire garden with the wheel hoe
as soon as the soil was workable, then hoed
tomatoes, melons, cucumbers, eggplant,
etc., with the hand hoe, and replanted some
melons and cucumbers.

Of the 50 cauliflower plants set out only
19 made marketable heads. The first was
cut July 2nd, and by the rath, all were
removed. The early cabbage did much
better and from 150 plants we cut 128
good heads. The remainder were loose
heads and were fed to the chickens.

A few tomatoes were picked July 11th,
but it was a week later before many were
ripe. Corn was first gathered that day
and cucumbers two days later. Dwarf
limas came in on the 14th, but it was ten
days later before pole limas were large
enough to gather, and then only a few.
While the main planting season was now
over there was some planting done through-
out the month. Cabbageand cauliflower were
set out on July 18th, succeeding early beans.

The first ten days of July were hot and
dry but relief came on the 13th, when we
had a heavy thunderstorm. The ground

soon dried enough to be workable and on
the 14th and 15th, I hoed everything, and
on the 26th cultivated with a wheel hoe.
Beets (Crimson Globe) were sown on the
26th, wax beans (Wardwell’s Kidney),
Stringless Green Pod and Valentine beans
on the 30th.

Rain the first few days of August kept
us out of the garden except for gathering
vegetables, and sowing cress, lettuce, radish,
late peas (Maud S.) and setting celery
(White Plume), August 2nd, before the
ground became too wet. Muskmelons
were now added to our list and we had
a wide variety to supply our customers.
Few plantings were made in August —
Valentine beans, kale, spinach and Purple
Top Strap Leaf turnip.

The principal work was gathering veg-
etables and marketing them. We hoed
everything that needed it twice a week,
just running through with the wheel hoe
for most vegetables. This kept the garden
clear of weeds and the soil in good tilth
all the time.

During September little cultivation was
necessary and scarcely any planting was
done. Radish, lettuce, and spinach were
sowed where earlier crops had grown.
We were too busy with other work to give
the garden the attention it deserved, so
missed considerable profit. Much of the
ground that had been cleared of early
vegetables was allowed to grow up in grass
for want of time to attend to it. It could
have been used to grow lettuce, spinach
or some other short season crop. Toward
the last of the month frost threatened and
we prepared for it by covering all tender
vegetables with canvas, burlap and old
carpet. For most of them we used thin
canvas in long strips 3 feet wide. This we

bought by the bolt at 4 cents a yard. For
protecting the lima beans two strips were
sewed together, making it six feet wide.
After a few cool nights the weather turned
warmer and it began to rain. We then had
rain for the greater part of three weeks.
The sky cleared October roth, and the
weather turned much cooler. As it was
so near November and frost was imminent
we gathered all tender vegetables October
tgth and 20th. Carrots, celery and other
hardy vegetables were left out, to be stored
later. The first frost came the night of
October 22nd, and killed tomato, bean and
other tender plants.

Considering the kind of season we had
to contend with and the time we expended
on the garden the results were better than
we expected. While we made no record
yields and some vegetables yielded very
poorly, we made a pretty good profit and
I submit my report as showing what can
be done even by one who is not equipped
with hotbeds, etc., and who can give only
an hour or two a day to his garden. I can
see now where I should have done many
things differently, in the arrangement
of the garden, its successional plantings,
growing more of some crops and less of
others. I believe the experience gained
this year is worth much more than the
vegetables grown and I am confident that
with better facilities and more intelligent
planning I can grow at least twice as much
produce on the plot another year. The
only feature of this year’s plan that I would
not change is the continuous rows. __Prac-
tically everything else I would rearrange.
But what may appear to be haphazard
planting was made necessary by weather
and soil conditions and lack of time to
plan the various plantings.

Warsaw,

A Prize Home Garden in Kentucky—By J. Wesley Griffin, Ezz,

and the book “ Garden Profits,” I

rented a vacant lot just across the
street from the house in which I live. Thad
had a garden there the previous season, but
did not get much out of it, as it was a poor
season, and I did not give it the attention
that it required. My first number of the
magazine was the April one in which the
$500 offer for the best home gardens was
made. After reading over Mr. Seymour’s
book, ‘‘Garden Profits,” and THE GARDEN
MaGazinE. several times, I concluded that I
could grow a much better garden than I
ever had. So I set to work.

I bought a pile of stable manure (esti-
mated at four tons) from one of our doctors
who kept two horses. For this I paid $6.
From one of the neighbors I bought three
barrels of poultry droppings, for sixty cents
and one bag (125 pounds) of commercial
fertilizer, 3 per cent ammonia, 8 per cent.

FEW days before I received my first
A copy of THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

phosphoric acid, and 3 per cent potash.
Our soil is wanting in potash, so a fertilizer
with a larger per cent. of potash would have
given better results. The lot on which I
made my garden is 60x 180 ft., the long
way of it running Northeast and Southwest.
On the Southeast side there is a heavy
growth of shade trees in the adjoining lot.
This shade made about one-fifth of the lot
unfit for growing vegetables or any other
crop, but it was planted and cultivated just
the same.

After consulting Mr. Seymour’s planting
table for a vegetable garden 60 x 120 ft., I
made the plan Number 1 (see page 238).
I had already planted in a hotbed seed of
cabbage, cauliflower, tomatoes, eggplant
and peppers. I bought the very best seed
that I could find, knowing that the best
was none too good, and that the outcome
depended a great deal on the seed.

The month of April was cold and rainy
until the 25th. The pile of stable manure

was scattered evenly over the garden, and
then disked in thoroughly, before breaking
with the turning plow.

After laying a few days for the sun and
air to warm up the top soil, I had it broken
about ten inches deep. I would have
broken deeper, but it had not been plowed
deeper than seven or eight inches the pre-
vious season, and I did not want too much
subsoil turned up at once.

The garden was broken May 5th, and
planting begun on the 8th. As I ama car-
penter by profession, and have several hours
each day during the summer outside of my
regular work, I set aside two hours each
day for my garden. I also hired man and
horse labor to the amount of $8 during
the season.

I have tried to make things plain and
easily understood by photographs taken at
intervals of five or six weeks during the sum-
mer and the drawings and plans of the gar-
den.

JANUARY, 1913

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 237

The experience has been valuable to me,
as I can see where I could have made much
more by planting some things closer, and
more of those that were in demand and less
of those that were not. The dates of trans-
planting, planting, thinning, gathering,
selling, etc., are taken from my garden
diary.

This is the first season that I have kept a
complete diary of my garden work. I do
not see now how any one can get along
without keeping such a book as there are so
many important items to be remembered.

Keeping in mind the old adage “Culture
is manure,” I always endeavor to get as
much manure as possible out of the wheel
plow, rake and hoe. In our variable sea-
sons, with no method of irrigation at hand,
save that of frequent and shallow culti-
vation, we can do much toward conserving
moisture by spreading a dust mulch evenly
over the soil. If all the rows are made per-
fectly straight and running the entire
length of the garden, the space between the
rows exactly the same, cultivating is an
easy and pleasant job. I kept this dust
mulch in good shape at all times during the
short drouths by using a sharp toothed
take, going backward and raking and
smoothing the soil after each cultivation
with the wheel plow.

The three barrels of poultry manure and
the commercial fertilizer was scattered
broadcast over the soil after it was broken
and then worked in with a disk harrow.
The soil from the hotbed where I grew my
early plants was saved to put in the celery
row just before the plants were transplanted
to it. The manure that furnished the
bottom heat in the hotbed, was scattered
around the tomato plants just about the
time the first fruit began to ripen. I then
hauled three barrels of liquid manure which
had drained from a pile of manure at one of
the livery stables, and poured this around
the tomatoes. On October 5th, am picking
nice, well shaped and fine flavored tomatoes
from vines that reach above my shoulders.
The vines are still setting fruit and are
filled with blossoms. Chalk’s Early Jewel
and Godden’s Early Pink are two of the
best varieties of tomatoes that we have
here.

At the first of the marketing season, I
sold vegetables by weight; but as soon as
there was plenty of everything on the mar-
ket, I was not so particular. A 1-gallon
bucketful of string beans sold for ten cents;
a 5-pound basket of tomatoes, brought 50
cents up to the middle of July, later 25
cents, and when the main crop was on to
cents. Sweet potatoes averaged 4 cents a
pound, lima beans ro cents a quart, mango
peppers, $z bushel, turnips $1 bushel,
squashes (Hubbard), 25 cents each, and
egg-plant 5 cents to ro cents each, accord-
ing to size. No account was kept of the
number of bushels or pounds. For several
seasons I have been growing a few thousand
sweet potato plants and some cabbage
and tomato plants, which I sold to the
neighbors. I never have had sufficient to

July 19th, in J. Wesley Griffin’s Kentucky garden. The long continuous rows make cultivation easy
and inexpensive

supply the demand; even this summer I had
to disappoint many who wanted plants.

I had three hot beds and made two more.
The sizes of these beds are given in the
drawing on page 238. [used four of the
beds for potato plants and the other for the
other vegetable plants.

I only had one notice of plants to sell in-
serted in our country paper, which cost me
25 cents. The material from which I made
the frames for the hotbeds came from an old
lumber yard, and cost only the hauling. A
neighbor lent me three glazed hotbed sash,
3x6 ft. The other hotbeds and the cold-
frames were covered with muslin.

VEGETABLE PLANTS SOLD

Tomato plants, transplanted ones, sold for 15c.
doz; 2 doz. 25c. Cabbage plants, 25c. per 100.

August 30th, in the garden shown above.
complexion on the view

Six weeks’

Sweet potato plants, 30c. per 100, $2.50 per 1000.
Mango Pepper plants, roc. per doz. Celery plants,
40C. per 100.

May 9 — Transplanted tomato plants . $ 3.00
15 — Transplanted tomato plants . 525
“17 — Transplanted tomato plants . 40
“ 20— Transplanted pepper plants
20, $2.40; sweet potato
plants, $5.45; cabbage, 25c. 8.33
“ 22— Transplanted tomato plants,
$4.65, sweet potato plants,
$4.85, celery plants, 80;
cabbage, 500.3 pebpst
plants, TOCh a iis II.go
= 23\——fomato,.05¢:; sweet potato
$3.60 eae Seca 4.25
“ 27— Sweet potato. . 1.55
** 29 — Cabbage plants, 25¢; 5 sweet
potato, 95c 5 I.20
“31 — Sweet potato, $2. 355. pepper
plants, roc. 2.45

June 3— Tomato, toc; cabbage, 200.;

growth has sufficed to put a different

238 TH E GARDEN MAGAZINE JANUARY, 1913
June 3—Sweet potato, $7.75; Pep- June 26—String beans . . eae {LON eeANL Suma —— ello ma tOCS iit ite 355
per, 40c.; tobacco piants $5 13.45 28 — (HM), Estring: beans, — roc. pe —— ss homatOcsarmnr ie aaa eee 60
«© 5 — Tobacco plants, $2.50; sweet beets; r5e2 = : 25 “3 — Tomatoes, 35c.; mango pa
potato, $1.30; tomato “99 — String beans, roc.; “beets 5c. j aL) pers, 25¢.. .60
20c.; cabbage, toc. an 4.10 July 2— (H) String beans, toc.; beets, “4— (Family away from home)
“6 — Sweet potato plants, 2:80 IOC.}; “cucumbers, Seas 025) ROM ATOES aia pert any area 45
““ -8—Tobacco plants, $2. sweet onions, 5c. and tomatoes Oa ge) Tomatoes, 15c.; string
potato, $3.08; tomato, roc. 5.18 LOCI as .40 CANS 61 O Csi aa ae 25
“9 — Celery plants, 40c.; cabbage, 5 (ED) String beans, - I0C.; _; beets, SS fee LOTAATOCS ienetn aay ene = 245
20¢.; sweet potato, 75 Chana 1.35 IOC.; cucumbers, roc. 3 to- “8 — (H) Tomatoes, toc.; string
12—Celery plants, 30c.; sweet matoes, toc; and onions, 5c. 45 beans, 15¢.; sweet potatoes,
potato, 4oc. ‘ .70 “8 — (H) String beans, 20c.; beets, Pije Sune ate ant p's .50
““ -14— Tomato plants, IOC.; ‘bepper toc.; cucumbers, roc.; cab- <9 — Lomatoes: -. .39
plants w1OCh = ec 3 .20 bape kschtgeer es. age ot -45 “ 10— (Family away from home) —
“ 16— Sweet potatoplants . . . 1.00 “ to— (H) Beets, 1oc.; cucumbers, “11 — Watermelons, 3 at 15c.each . 45
“ 17—Sweet potato plants, 4oc.; 30C., cabbage, 15¢. -55 “12 — Tomatoes, 15¢.; eggplant, 30c -45
cabbage, ore, tomato 2 ere (050) String beans, IOc.; SW! eet “13 — Tomatoes, roc.; string beans,
Soc. . 2.70 COmn;25C yar -35 TOC 2 kane Salome -20
“19 — Celery plants, $2. 10; cabbage sp c2:— (ED) Tomatoes. 25 “14 — () Tomatoes, Toc.; egg-
6cc.; sweet potato, $1.25; ef soca (H) Tomatoes .20 plant;tocy arene -20
tomato, 25¢ : bores 3.90 oe — (H) Cucumbers, toc.; - Sweet “15 —(H) Tomatoes, toc.; sweet
“23 — Celery, 65c¢.; cabbage, IOC.; corn, 25¢.; tomatoes, 20¢. 255 Ppotatoes/20c} esa -30
sweet potato, $5.52. . 6.27 Gf ayo (05) Tomatoes Anne 15 “ 16—(H) Tomatoes toc.; butter
“24 — Celery, 80c.; cabbage, soc. 1.30 “17 — Cabbage, 20c.; tomatoes, 2oc. beans; toc Acasa .20
“* 26 — Cabbage 35 string beans, 4oc.; pee I5c. -95 “17—(H) Tomatoes, 30c.; sweet
“28 — Cabbage, -30 « 18 — Cucumbers. 20 potatoes 5 cis sae -45
“30 — Sweet potato 50 ‘* 19 — Cabbage, 35c.; beets, 15¢. 50 “18 — Tomatoes, 5¢.; eggplant, 5c.;
July 1—Celery, $1.60; cabbage, ‘500. 2.10 ‘* 20 — Cabbage, roc.; : beets, I5c. 25 string) beans, toc) -y een 20
“ —8— Celery, $1.50; cabbage, 65c. 2).05; Si — Cabbage, 100.; cucumbers, “19 — (H) Tomatoes, 525 string
= Ioc.; tomatoes, 20¢.. . -40 beans, Ioc. . -75
Total $ 81.55 og — Ceres Toc.; tomatoes, 25c.. 35 “ 19 — Butter beans, 55¢5 ; eggplant,
ul Pa ee, : ‘24 — Cabbage, 25c.; tomatoes, 25c.; 5c. 60
NASTEARMEYSRESIS EXOT) CEEAED) WWESDOD) GEMY cKO} NS cucumbers, soc. BO ee I.00 «21 — (A) Tomatoes, 10¢.; Butter
May 24—Radishes . . . . . : $ «IO “25 — Cabbage .30 beans, toc.; sweet pota-
Sean ——iRadishess ee 0 fest .10 20 Tomatoes ae SO ee ee .60 toes, 20c. .. i 3 ee -40
June 1—Radishes . . . . . >. 30 “27—(H) Eggplant, toc.; Mango “ 22— Tomatoes, 15c.; sweet pota-
ens 2G ae ke .20 pepper, 5c. 15 toes, 25c.; mango Pepper,
“4 — Radishes ears ae .10 “28 — Tomatoes, 25c; onions, 5c. 33 215Ca -65
LOS Ostrich Plume Mustard “29 — Tomatoes BA rnsort Nes .30 24 — Watermelons 2, at 20¢. each . .40
“Greens? |. : .20 “30 — Tomatoes, $1.15; mango pep- “26 — Tomatoes 3oc.; butter beans,
“22 — (Home use) String beans. -40 per, 50c. me led 1.65 55¢.; eggplant, 20€.; 1.05

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No, 1. These two plans show the succession plantings in J. Wesley Griffin’s gardens.

KEY TO THE ROWS IN PLAN NO, I

Ist.— Sweet Peas, pltd. 5-5. Nasturtiums, transplanted 5-22.
2d.— Alaska Peas, pltd. 5-8. Complete failure. All
peas failed here.

3d.— Golden Bantam Sweet Corn, pltd. 5-8. Fine quality.
Too much shade.

4th. Bush Beans, Field’s Early, pltd. 5-8. The best.
Tender and O. K.

5th.— Bush Beans, Stringless Green Pod, pltd. 5-8. Good.
Stringless.

6th—— Kentucky Wonder Pole Bean, pltd. 6-16. Between
6A and 6B. Good. 6A-Beets, Early Model, pltd. 5-17.

Early and fine quality. 6B -Summer Turips, White Egg,

pltd. 5-17. No good, complete failure.

7th —Cabbage, E.-Wakefield, transplanted, 5-20. Fine, the
best early. 7-2, Cauliflower, transplanted 5-20. Complete
failure. Dry and. hot.

8th—S8A. Late cabbage plants, Louisville Drumhead,
pltd. 5-31. Prizetaker Onions, transplanted, 5-20. Fair

yield, planted too late. 8B.
Drumhead, pltd. 5-31.

oth.— Sweet Potatoes,
The best.

toth— Eggplant, Black Pekin, transplanted, 6-3. Fine,
good flavor, big yield. 10-1, Mangle Pepper, Chinese Giant,
transplanted 6-3. The best.

11th— Ostrich Plume Mustard, pltd. 5-8.
Short row to cel. bed.

r2th.— Celery, White Plume and G. S. Blanching, trans-
planted 7-10. Each good.
_ 13th.— 14 hills W. Spine Cucumbers, 12 hills Princess
Watermelon, ro hills Golden Hubbard Squash, pltd. 5-9. All
fine varieties. Good yielders and valuable for home and market.

Late cabbage plants, Louisville

White Brazils, transplanted 6-3.

Fine salad.

iz,

5 Bens teats

4 BuswBeaws Faas ae

” “
» Burpee

bs

14th— Tomatoes, 24 each, Stone, Ponderosa and Beef-
steak. Late. Good.

15th— Tomatoes, Godden’s Pink. Early,
5-20. Fine. The best.

16th.— Tomatoes, Chalk’s Early Jewel, transplanted, 5-17.
Best early.

17th— Pole Lima Beans.- Burpee’s Giant Podded, pltd.
5-9. Large and fine.

18th_— Nasturtiums, Sweet Peas, Asters and Parsley bed.
The Nasturtiums and Sweet Peas were trained to the wire
fence, these and the asters were fine for bouquets all through
the season. Also added much to the appearance of the garden.
Will plant a greater variety of flowers next season.

8A and 8B are late cabbage plants, Louisville Drumhead,
pltd. 5-31. They made fine plants. Sold all of them and
could have sold ten times as many.

transplanted,

KEY TO PLAN NO. 2

The broken lines in this plan are the
vegetables that require the entire season
in which to mature.

A tst.— Bush Beans, Stringless G. Pod, pltd. 6-12. Done
ne.

2d, 3d, 4th— Bush Beans, Field’s First Early. From seed
grown this season, pltd. 7-28. Came up nicely, but the
drouth was too much for them. The shade and drouth to-
gether killed them when beginning to blossom.

5th, 6th.— Planted to Field’s Early Model Beets, 7-31.
Owing to the hot, dry condition of the soil and weather, none
came up. This space was cultivated until Aug. 31st, and

The first plantings are indicated in the left hand sketch

No. 2.

planted to Turnips, Purple Top White Globe.
we have.

7th, 8th— Rutabaga, Heavy cropping Swede, pltd. 7-19.
Came up and grew nicely but did not make very large bulbs,
planted too late.

oth.— Kale Scotch Curled, pltd. 7-19.
use 9-1.

toth, rth, 12th White Globe Purple Top Turnips, pltd.
7-19. Thinned to stand 4 inches apart in the row. Fine
size and flavor. Ready to use September Ist.

13th, 14th— Radishes, White Icicle and China Winter
Rose and White, pltd. 8-1. The Icicle, spring radishes, were
pulled out while young and tender, this thinned the winter
radishes and helped to cultivate them. The winter radishes
are eight and ten inches long two and three inches in diameter,
and just as brittle and fine. Flavor as the finest early radish
in the spring. I will pull and pack some of them in moist
earth and store in the cellars

In Plan No. 1, the rows rt to 11 are three feet apart. The
short rows, A, B, C, and D are fifteen inches, and 12 to 18 are
four feet apart. The short rows, which run to E-A, White
Icicle radishes, pltd. 5-9. B, Radish Crimson Globe, pltd.
5-9. Not as good as the White Icicle. C, Tomato plants,
Stone, for main crop. Pcor stand, due to dry spell of weather
just as seed were germinating. D, Cabbage, Solid South, for
summer. Fine variety, plants, some of them got too large to
transplant. Pulled them up, roots and all, and gave them
to the poultry.

E and F.— Plant frames. F, Tobacco White Burley. E,
Celery plants, White Plume and Golden Self Blanching,
As we grow a great deal of White Burley tobacco here, plants
are always in demand. This bed, 6x too ft. sold for $9.50.
and which space was afterward plowed up and planted as shown
in plan No, 2.

Fine, the best

Fine. Ready for

January. 1913 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 239
oa
Aug. 29 — Tomatoes, 3oc.; eggplant, 45c. -75 Sept. 17 — Tomatoes, roc.; string beans, SURINES Aye Bey mers ae omen es 4.00
“30 — Tomatoes, 25c.; eggplant, roc. TEC{S,: ah eins oie .25 Tomatoes . I.40
butter beams, 55c.. . . go “19 — Tomatoes, 15c.; sweet pota- Celery, 300 stalks pitted i in hotbed frame
“ -30— (H) Tomatoes, 20c.; butter OES 2OCNn ay. oct Ae -35 to blanch, doingnicely;atsc. . . . 15.00
beans, 20c.; sweet potatoes, «20 — Tomatoes, 55c.; cabbage, 20c. a7 5eueale SOLE Pent ee ee eaters 2.00
20C. . Set ee ears .60 “ 21—(H) Tomatoes, toc.; celery, Eggplant. . fo oy peepee .50
Go ge — (Ge) Tomatoes, 5c.; Hub. 25¢. Ms ee, .35 Lima beans, dry for seed eae 2.00
squash, 2 Se; turnip greens, e 2r— (> Tomatoes, $1; onions, Kentucky Wonder pole beans, seed . 525
WOES -40 ace cabbage, 15 Cale 1.40 --
Sept. 1— Tomatoes, roc.; ; butter beans, “22 — (H) Tomatoes, 10c.; sweet po- Total $ 31.15
20C.; sweet potatoes, ele. «a .80 tatoes, 20c. . . -30
“« 1— (A) String beans, 1oc.; pep- as 23 — Tomatoes, roc.; sweet pota- Oct. 1to— Vegetables sold and used at
pers, 5¢.; tomatoes, 5c.; toes, 20c.; eggplant, 20c. . 50 NOTE te tM A ee ee aes 46.05
Sweet potatoes, roc. : 30 “23 — (A) Tomatoes. . .10 ——
««_2— Eggplant, 20c.; radishes, 5c. . 25) ‘24 — Tomatoes, roc.; sweet pota- Total value, vegetables grown . . $ 78.10
“- 4— Tomatoes, 5c.; mango pep- toes, 25c.; turnips,5c.. . 40 Total plantssoldandused . . . 81.55
IDEFSHZOCH NT th Oe 25 ‘* 25 — Tomatoes, 15c.; eggplant, roc. 25 =
“ —4—(H) Tomatoes 25c.; string “« 25 — (H) Tomatoes, 20c.; eggplant $159.65
beans, roc. . 335 LOCH melas, cris, tts yaw Meat .30 e
ES — Tomatoes, Geng eggplant, 20¢. 2 “< 26 — Tomatoes, ase; mango pep- EE ENSE ACCOUNT
oe 6 — Tomatoes, 15c.; eggplant, 2o0c. -35 pers, 75¢.. Bee ae 1.20 Rent of lot . $ 10.00
oO —— (EL) Tomatoes, 5c.; butter “26 — (H) Tomatoes, roc.; turnips, Manures — Stable, “poultry, and liquid
IDEA Sues Coe es arena es 20 D5 Crna: : 325 manures. 6.90
«<7 — Sweet potatoes es 20 “27 — (H) Sweet potatoes : .25 Manand horse labor, plowing and hoeing 8.00
“7 — (H) Tomatoes SS ie anlar: 10 “28—Tomatoes . . Pte od .40 Commercial fertilizers . : 2.90
“9 — Sweet potatoes, eis se 15 ‘* 29 — Tomatoes, 35¢.; sweet pota- Seed sweet potatoes, 3 barrels . 12.18
“9 — (H) Sweet potatoes, 20c.; to- toes, 50c. .85 Vegetable seeds . 1.00
TMatOeS TOC) ewes ant -30 “29 — (A) Tomatoes, 10C.; radishes, Vegetable seeds 3.50
“11—(H) Tomatoes, toc.; rad- -_ LOG=ay. .20 Vegetable seeds . 2635
ishes, 15¢.; eggplant, toc. . -35 Oct. 1—(H) Tomatoes, 20€.; radishes, Muslin for hot beds and coldirames 4.04
“11 — Tomatoes, 5c.; radishes, 25c.; 5c.;eggplant, roc... .35 My own time, 120 days, two hours each
eggplant, AS Came 45 i 6 — Tomatoes, 30¢.; eggplant, roc. .40 day, at roc. per hour, common labor
«12 — Tomatoes, 45¢.; eggplant, roc. -55 “7—Mangopeppers .. 1.00 PLICE MEA cg oe eh nee ee Pee 2A OO).
“12 — (H) Tomatoes, $1; peppers, “« 9o-— Tomatoes, 50c.; sweet pota- [SS
5c.; radishes, Ioc. . Tes toes, 60c.. . . I.10 Total expenses 75.67
i nt3)— One Hubbard’ squash, prem- “~~ 9—(H) Tomatoes, 10¢.; sweet Total plants and vegetables
s ium! at Fair 3; 1.00 potatoes, 4oc.; celery, 20¢.; grown . : $150.65
“-13— Premium on_ butter beans, TadisheswlOc je seine I.00 TSO
peppersandeggplant . . 1.50 ———_
“16— Tomatoes, 15c.; eggplant, Total $ 46.95 $ 73.98
Hubbard squash, 1, 25¢, 1.00 __ ESTIMATE OF VEGETABLES ON HAND OCT. 10 Gee et a ieeaeie i
“16 — (H) Tomatoes, toc.; turnips, Beets $ .50 —
2o0c.; Hubbard squash, 25c¢. -55 Turnips 2.50 Net profitonlessthan}acre . . . §$ 58.03
A ie I ] ao s Amityville,
ong Island Vegetable Garden- By Alice Cooper Bensel, '%#"

N THE fall of 1901, the site of our
home was chosen on not very promising
land, near the creek and bay, which
suits our aquatic tastes. Of course

we must have a garden, and so a beginning
was made, rather hopeless at first, for being

If you would have all the strawberries, you first use
fish net as protection from the birds

(For which one of the $100 prizes was awarded)

near the water there was sand in plenty.
The first trees were planted and the little
garden started in the spring of 1902. We
were novices and conditions were not very
favorable, so many disappointments met us.
As time passed, we learned some things to
be avoided, and others to be done. The
land had to be fertilized and wind-breaks
thought of; the young fruit trees needed
to be helped; the many insect enemies had
to be met and vanquished; and above all, the
ground needed to be kept open, to coun-
teract the suffering caused by lack of rain.

As the years passed, our labor began to
tell, and we made new ventures; new trees,
more vines, and other vegetables were
planted, so that the garden now provides
bountifully for our needs. It is not too
much to say that hardly a day passes during
the year when we do not have something
on our table which is ‘““home grown.” In
summer the garden provides practically
everything that can be desired, and so
much better than that which can be bought.

It has always been our policy to let noth-
ing be wasted which can possibly be saved,
so that when we have more than enough
for our own wants, the surplus is sent to
the local grocer, who is glad to get the fresh

fruit and vegetables, for which he pays
market prices.

What pleasure is there greater than to
leave the cares of the household for a while

Some of the few fruit trees with corn just beginning
to grow

240

fH EG A Reap eEeN eS Mey AGPASZ alana,

JANUARY, 1913

and turn farmer? An hour or
so every day is sufficient to
direct the work and do the
things which need _ personal
attention. The result obtained
in health, interest, and saving,
more than pays for the slight
trouble and time given, while
the joy of making things grow
and having fine specimens to
give less fortunate friends, is
reward enough in itself.

The complete record for 1911
is here given.

In each case we tell exactly
where the crop was planted, by
referring to the row number
which is marked on the accom-
panying plan. Each crop re-
cord was kept on one page ofa
loose-leaf book arranged alpha-
betically. These are reproduced
herewith:

APPLES

WVarleties irr tts: Yellow Transparent
(planted in 1902)
Red Astrachan
(planted in 1902)

Amount. ..I tree of each variety

Yield:

Used in House-
hold Nernst .18 (approximately)

These apples were beautiful, large, and
free from worms. All trees were sprayed with

Scalecide and later, Sulfocide, for codling
moth.
ASPARAGUS
Warleb yess yee Unknown (1902)
(AMOUN Caer siatoletarars 12 ft. at end of rows
6-11, inclusive. in Plot
No. 2.
Yield:
Used in House-
hold ree: 4 bunches.

Ready for use....From May 9 to May 28

The asparagus has never done as well as
it should. It has been left in the ground,
hoping against hope that careful fertilization
and ensuing years would improve conditions.
The yield is very small and the stalks very
poor. It is intended to plant an entire new
bed next year.

BEANS, BUSH
First Planting...... April 24

WarietVt.anciesie Green Stringless (Rows
82 and 83 in Plot No. 1)
Amount . . eeLaquart >
Yield:
Used in House-
....4$ pecks
1} pecks
Total... ..6 pecks
First Gathered... June 24
Last Gathered. ...July 5

These beans were very fine — really string-
less. Nodules on roots, from growth of
nitrifying bacteria, quite abundant. All
the legume crops were inoculated with bac-
teria.

Second Planting.....May 20
Vaniety2. Ssntcins Green Stringless (Rows
Ig, 23, and 24 in Plot
No. 1).
Amount.......... I.5 quarts
Yield:
Home Use..... 53 pecks
Soldiy-n0 seen 7
Total... ...124 pecks
First Gathered. .. July 6
Last Gathered. ...July 26
Most satisfactory. Stringless and crisp.

Nodules on roots,
bacteria, abundant.

Third Planting. .... June g

from growth of nitrifying

Warletyn oi se. says Black Pencil Pod Wax
(Rows to-1r in Plot
No. 2).
Amount....... 5 quarts
Yield:
Home Use .. 13 pecks
Soldisseerer SOL aie:
Total. .....13 pecks
First Gathered... July 28

Last Gathered. ...August 18

These beans were wonderful, perfect in
every way, and absolutely free from rust.
They were sprayed with weak solution on
June 20th and July 13th.

Plants strong and well developed. Nodules
on roots, from growth of nitrifying bacteria,
abundant.

Fourth Planting. .... August 3
Varieties.) sete Green Stringless (Rows
23 and 24 in Plot No. 1)
Black Wax (Rows 25
and 26 in Plot No. 1)

Amount. 2 quarts
Yield:
Use in House-
Inttbaoadauas 4 quarts
Sold WA eeceren 3 pecks 3“
photalopeys-tete 3 pecks 7 quarts

From September 22 to
October 17

Ready for use....

In quality these beans were as good as any
we obtained. Of course the quantity was
not as great as that of the earlier plantings.

BEANS, LIMA

Variety. .... . .Fordhook’s Dwarf; Rows
28-29, Plot No. 1

Time of Planting. May 25th

Amount..........1 quart
Yield:
Used in House-
holdvpry-ecete 3 pecks 2 quarts
Rta moped ot tea eee
Lotal’rterset: 7 pecks 7 quarts

One of the very best lima beans grown. If
the season were long enough, the vines would
bear a second crop of beans. On October
15th they were covered with blossoms.

Varietye epiets cere ts Unknown
In Rows 30-31, Plot
No. 1. Planted May 25
AMOUNE neji stecieset About 1 quart of seed
Yield
Used in House-
holds -4--- 1 pk. 2 qts (approx.)
Soldseeyennesce Shah
alo tal treet. 1 pk. 5 qts. (approx.)

Ran out of seed, and put in some saved from
vines last year. It was not a success, as the
yield was small compared with other plant-
ings.

Variety: <<: ¢nicis: Green Seeded Pole

In Rows 42, 43, 44, 45,
46, 47, Plot No. 1
Time of Planting May 25

AT OUN tes eee 1.5 pounds
Yield:
Used in House-
hold.........10 pecks 4 quarts
Soldhas ten acl Ov meen 3
Total......26 pecks 7 quarts
Gathered........./ August 26 to October 16

These beans did very well indeed, and were
most tender and delicious.

BEETS
Varietysj..02 5055 = Early Egyptian
First Planting...... April 24, in Rows 79,
80, and 81, Plot No., 1
Second Planting....June 1, in Rows 75, 74,

Plot No. 1
Third Planting......August 3, in Rows Ig,
20, Plot No. 1
PATIOUNEaeieerererele I ounce
Yield:

Used in House-
Id 43 bunches
ae anes

Totalecse 113 bunches

First planting did not come up_evenly.
On June ist, one row was used to fill other
two, giving two full rows. July 13th second
planting was thinned, and young plants taken
to make two rows where single line of peas
had been in Row 21, Plot No. 1. August 2d
beets transplanted to Rows 63, 64, Plot No. 1.
Many roots were left in the garden for late
use and are not counted here.

BLACKBERRIES
Warletysacceenite Lawton (1903)
‘Amountesea:. oe Small patch at end of

rows 13 and 14, Plot No.

Wield Net moetest: Practically none
This bed had borne well previously: prob-
ably needs renewing.

CABBAGE
Varietyinn- cee: Uoknogn —sold simply
Early Cabbage’’
AMOunNE sae ote 5 Srlante in Row 5, in
Plot No. 2.
First ready for use. July 27
Yield:

Used in House-

holdzepeeeeeye 5 heads
Sold. 3: Paes
Totals. 8 heads

Loss of one plant by not making a head.
Ground about young plants was treated with
paris green, sugar, and bran, for cut worms,

on June 8th.

CARROTS

Wanetyaeercre Forcing

PlantedS eee coenee April 24, In Rows 74-
75, Plot No. 1. June 1,
in Rows 78-79, Plot,
No. 1

Ready for use....From July 26

‘Amounty.-seee se I package

Yield:

Used in House-
hold aerenee 8 bunches

On hand (ap-
proximately) .4 pecks
tite ocbapmoc 20 bunches
dotal’eere: 4 pecks 28 bunches
First planting badly eaten by fleas. Re-
planted June 1st in same place. Good yield.
Second planting of carrots, in Rows 78-79.
79 had been emptied of beets, Rows 78-77
already had onion sets in; carrots were put
between these rows.

CAULIFLOWER
Wanietyereercan Early Snowball
Time of Planting. .t dozen plants May 31.
1 dozen plants June 9
From August 7 to Octo-
ber 12
Amount..........24 plants. 4 in Row
5, 12 in Row 7; 8 be-
tween Rows 1o and 11,
in Plot No. 2
Total yield, used
in Household. ...15 heads
The first dozen plants were so badly at-
tacked by cut worms that a second dozen
was bought on June gth, to replace those
destroyed and leave a margin for further
possible loss. At the time the second dozen
was planted the ground was treated with
Paris green, sugar, and bran, in parts 1, 2,
3. After this the loss was slight. The
planting was only a partial success, as only
about six of the heads were fine, the rest
being small, and the per cent. of plants lost
large.

Ready for use....

CELERY
Warietiesaajecince ie Winter Queen, White
Plume
Plantedsscrcnenee July 17. Following peas
and beans in Rows 82-
87, inclusive, in Plot
Ne: ce
Amountnrstlerpeeicte 5 plants of each variety
Yield:
Used in House-
hold. . . . 8 heads
On hand LL7) os (approx.)
Motaleyeteste 125 heads

Sprayed weak solution August 10, 20, and
29. Good quality, very brittle, and clean.
Heads of medium size. This is a good winter’s
supply for the household.

CHERRIES
Warietystseri-trcie: Black Tartarian
r tree in Plot No. 3,
planted in 1908.
A young tree; had a very few fine cherries.

Warietys cae cane Governor Wood
1 tree in Plot No. 3,
planted in 1902.

Since cultivating the ground about the tree
it has begun to bear. Had a few cherries
the year of this record.

Wanietysenererne Montmorency Ordinaire

I tree, just outside Plot
No. 3, planted in 1903

Yield:
Used in House-
hold. 5 quarts (approximately)
Soldaa-
Fruit Ripe eerie July 4 to July 15

The little tree was a joy to behold, with
its bright red fruit and beautiful foliage.
The estimate of 6 quarts is a good deal under
what the tree bore, as a cherry tree full of
fruit is a temptation to all who see it.

CRIMSON CLOVER

Fifteen pounds of seed (not all planted)
pncctiated with United States pea culture
(old).

Planted wherever last crop of the season
had been harvested.

CORN

First Planting. .....April 24 (2 varieties)

Warietysnee ict Peep o’Day. In Rows
48-56 inclusive, in Plot
No.

_. First. corn picked, July
15, the last, August 5
FATMOUN tse eet I quart

Used in House-

hold yaeeee ee 84 ears
Soldteancee hires Age
Total... ... 334 ears

From first to last most satisfactory in every

RaNs early, fine flavor, and of fair size.

August 2d cut tops from corn to make
noo for the peas growing between rows.

Warlebycearrrte rrr Metropolitan. In Rows
57-62, inclusive, Plot
No. 1.
Ready to pick....From August 1 to 16
OUD Ese ttre I} pints.
Yield:
Used in House-
hold Fa eee 55 ears
Sold’ caaeeee 172) he
otal aren 227 ears

This is one of the best varieties of corn.
Hs ears are large and full and of delicious
avor.

Second Planting...June 1
Ready for use....From August 15 to 31
Varieties*en ene (a) Metropolitan. In

TOWS 33-34-35.
(b) Stowell’s Evergreen

In Rows 36-41, Plot
No. 1
‘Amountzscnereern (a) 4 Pint
(b) th pints
Yield:
Used in House-
hold eee 44 ears
Sold aceren TOO min
hotelier 210 ears

Owing to absence from home at the time
this corn ripened, no separate record was
kept of the amount of individual yield of
each planting. The three rows of Metro-
politan were a day or two ahead of Ever-
green.

The yield is not as great in proportion as
Peep o’ Day, or first Metropolitan.

Third planting. ...June 16
Ready for use....August 31 until Septem-
ber 16
Variety. crjeieieteisr-ve Metropolitan. In Rows
1-16, inclusive, Plot No.
3
(Amount=-eee eee I.5 pints
Yield:
Used in House-
hold yeaa 87 ears
Sold Sethe eee 209 “
Totalaceee. 296 ears

There was no more room in the garden, so
in order to have a succession of corn, this
planting was started in boxes in a coldframe.
On July 1st, when about five inches high, it
was transplanted to the exhausted strawberry
patch. The last berries were picked in the
morning, the ground plowed and harrowed,
and corn transplanted before night. This
corn was the best we had, both in size of ears
and quality.

Ready for use....August 31 to Septem-

ber 20
Weta oeosboous Metropolitan. Between
potatoes, Rows 1 to 18
Amount=:sri-eeeie I pint
Yield
Used in House-
hold Seyeeeeeas 22 ears
Sold ¥iserene 5S
Total: tates 80 ears

This crop had both disadvantages of being
overshadowed by the potatoes and being in
the poorest part of the garden, the soil being
very light. The worms damaged it a good

ec

Fourth Planting. .July 13, in Rows 19-28,
inclusive, Plot No. 3
.September 22 to ‘Octo-
ber 7
Variety{na-- eee Peep o’ Day

3 pint

Ready to gather.

80 ears _
Seed was soaked 24 hours in warm water
before planting; corn small but very ac-

ceptable. The worms have done considerable
damage.
CUCUMBER
Vanietyameerrr New Klondyke
INWONONsoosoccce 1 package of seed planted
in Row 32, Plot No. 1,
May 25,
Yield:

Used in House-
hold and gave

aWAYAla- een 2 pecks (approximately)
Ready for use....From July 28 to Septem-
ber i

Had more than we could use. Sprayed

with weak solution June 16.

JaNuARY, 1913

THK GAR DOE N

MAGAZINE

Q41

CURRANTS
Warley setter Fay Prolific. 6 bushes
in Plot No. 2, planted
i902; 10 bushes in Plot
No. 1, planted 1908.
White Grape, 2 bushes
in Plot No. 2, planted
190.
Amount......... 18 bushes
Yield:
Used in House-
Ital oa onaces 13 quarts
Soldaeeeeeerr ASS he
otal: 17.5 quarts

Sprayed with bordeaux and paris green
May 16th. For the first time tried preserv-
ing entirely in the sun, with seeds removed,
end entirely sun-cooked in coldframes. The

result is a product similar to the imported
Bar-le-Duc.

This keeps perfectly.

Improved Spineless

12 plants May 31, Row
No. 7, Plot No. 2; 6
plants June 8, Row No.
7, Plot No. 2.

Yield:
Used in House-
hold! ?=-.-. Ir
Not disposed of
overproduction
(no market) ...25 (approximately)
Ready for use....From August 14
Treated earth about young plants with
paris green, sugar, and bran for cut worms on
June oth. Sprayed for beetle (paris green)
on June 17th. June 20th sprayed we
_ Sulfocide. July 13th sprayed weak Sulfocide.
August oth sprayed weak Sulfocide and paris
green. Eggplants fine, large, and healthy.
Owing to lack of local market, there was an
over supply. The plants bore heavily.

ENDIVE
Wariety....-)...... Batavian Broad Leaved.
Planted in Row 72, be-
tween parsley. On Aug.
20 transplanted enough
to fill Row 56, Plot No. 1, ~
July 17 “
Ready for use....September 14 to Christ-
mas
Amount.......... I package
Yield:
Used in House-
holden 14

On hand, still to
be used in
household. ..48 or more .

This planting was treated in same way as
celery, beginning to “hill up” on September
5th, taking care to have the leaves dry at time
of hilling. The result is all that could be
asked, the heads beautifully bleached and
tender. Having the earth about plants acts
as a protection from frost.

GOOSEBERRIES
Variety. ......... Columbus
Amount.......... r bush, planted in 1902
Yield:

Used in House-
both quarts
3)

7 quarts
Sprayed for worms on May 16th, with bor-

deaux and paris green. This little bush is
always covered with large fruit.
GRAPES
Varieties......... Concord, 2 vines, planted
in 1902; Barry, I vine,
planted in 1902; Niag-
ara, 2 vines, planted in
1908-1909; Brighton, 1
vine, planted in 1909;
Delaware, 1 vine, planted
in 1909.
Amounteceree eer 3 vines in bearing

Yield:
Used in House-
WO sconces 35 pounds (approx.)
Ready for use....From September 9 until
end of season

Sprayed May 16th, 20th, July 13th. On
July 16th put bags on the best bunches of
grapes. Grapes good as a whole, and_pro-
vided enough for the household use for almost
two months.

LEEK
\Wersia poounoase Giant
Seed sown........ April 24, 4 of Row 6,
Plot No. 2.
Amounts e ree 1 package
Yield
Used in House-
hold eee 4 bunches

StillinGarden..t0o “ (approx.)
Total...... 14 bunches
The leeks are very good and have been
used for soups, etc. all summer. As they are
hardy, it has been the practice to leave them
in the ground all winter, using as needed.

LETTUCE
Varietysencrerore Big Boston, Row 71,
Plot No. 1.
AMOUN EEE Ere rie Part of a package
Yield:
Used in House-
hold Wenn net 6 heads

Time of Planting. April 24

Time of Cutting .June 10 to 25

Owing to the fact that the flea beetles were
NS) troublesome, most of this planting was
lost.

Part of Row 5, Plot No. 2
AMOUNT Ese rtert 2 dozen small plants
Yield:
Used in House-

j June 24
This lettuce did not make uniform heads;
a few large cabbage heads, the rest only fair.

/Amountyaceeet 3 dozen small plants
between corn. Rows
60-62, Plot No. 1
Yield:
Used in House-
hold eee 3 dozen (approximately)
Small plants put
OUutS Past oe May 31
Lettuce ready for
cutting July 1
Very satisfactory; good heads and_ tender.
Varieties......... Mignonette, Trianon
Self - Closing, Blond
Blockhead (Row 76. Plot
No. 1). June 1
Amount.......... Part of a package of
each kind
Yield

More than could pessi-
bly be used in household
from July 31 to August
12
June r. Ready for cutting,
trom July 31 until
August 12

Heads small and tender until end. As
sometimes two or three heads were used,
it is hard to estimate the exact amount, but
there was an abundance for all needs. ‘Trans-
planted a number of these plants on June
24th, putting them between tomatoes and
corn.

Seed Planted. ....

Warletya-- eerie Dumont
Planted iesaceeer August 3, Row 65, Plot
No. 1
Ready for use... .October 15.
oun ee ere Part of 1 package
Yield

13 heads (approx.)
This lettuce is small, but very tender and
makes nice heads.

MUSKMELONS
Warietyarrrie ncn Not known. End _ of
row 10, Plot No. 2; 4 of

Row 9,
Plot No. 2

Amount ee eeee About 2 packages of
see

Naeld-te

Used in House-
Wh ooboodos 13
Planted st 9522 June 1

Ready for use....September 7 to 28.

Sprayed June 29, July 13, August Io, 20, 28.
Hoped by regular spraying to make sure of
fine crop. The melons were of good quality
and flavor, but the vines withered early.

OKRA

Warlety=nenaenice Velvet Pod.
Planted. . . ...June 8.
Replanted........ June 27.
Ready for use. . sauentem pet rt into Novem-
er.
Amounts eerste Some saved from pre-
vious years
Yield:
All for house-
hold use. ....

It is about as hard to keep a record of okra
as it is of parsley. There was sufficient for
all household uses; more than shown by
actual count.

ONIONS
Warietyariyaecer Prizetaker. Row 76,
Plot No. r.
FAMOunt See Ee ene 4 package
Rlantedae see April 24,

Flea-beetles were very troublesome and
practically destroyed this planting.

Warlet yar mice tiene Prizetaker. 4 Row 6.
Plot No. 2.
‘Amountses:5:---- 4 package.
Yield:
Used in House-
holders. 0.5 peck (approximately)
Planted ses ee: May 20.

Time of digging. ..About August 1.
For some unknown reason this planting
was a failure.

Warletysiisericiri White Onion Sets. Row
77-78, Plot No. x.
(Amounts reer: I quart.
Yield:
Used in House-
hold. 5-2 1.5 pecks. (approx.)
Planted jer.2.7- April 24

Ready to pull....From June 1 to August 2
A satisfactory crop. The last gathering
August 2d, gave a peck of good-sized hard
onions.
PARSLEY
Warietysy.erernii: Extra Double Curled,
Row 72, Plot No. 1.
1 package.

Some of the seed did not come up, but there
was plenty for all the needs of the household,
and very fine. Until the year’s planting was
ready, parsley from last year’s plants was in
daily use.

PEACHES
i . .. Rivers
Amount.......... r tree, Plot No. 2
(planted in 1902).

Yield:
Used in House-
hold irajescta-: 56 quarts
Sold erine 2 t

DLotaliwensct: 78 quarts
Fruit gathered....From August 8 to 23.

The tree was thoroughly sprayed May oth,
zoth and June 13th. The little tree was
heavily laden with fine fruit. Besides supply-
ing the table bountifully, to quarts, and 12
pints were canned for winter use.

WVarietysiaiactin Crawford Late

Amount.-22 5... x tree, Plot No. 2

(planted in 1902)

Yield:
Used in House-
F oa quarts

bonood 39 quarts
Fruit gathered....From September 13 to 21
Tree was very badly infected with San Jose
scale in 1908 and 1909, at which time it was
treated with Scalecide, and dead portions
removed. The cure was complete.
On May oth, 20th, and June 13th, sprayed

with weak solution of Sulfocide. Fruit
large, sound, fine in every way.
PEARS
Wanletyaranrt-nincess Bartlett (planted in
Igo2). Plot No. 3.
Amount ee ee ee I tree
Yield
Used in House-
hold Serene 50 pears
Fruit of good size. Satisfactory.
PEAS
First planting.....April 24
Wariety. 2422+ si Gradus. Rows 84 to 87,
inclusive, Plot No. 1.
Amountepeeee ene I quart (inoculated U.
S. culture of nitrifying
bacteria)
Yield:
Used in House-
hold aes 2.5 pecks
Sabb ohisadenss 4 ©
otal errs 6.5 pecks

First gathered. ... June 24

Last gathered... .July 14

Not true to type, vines measuring 5 feet
long, and peas produced in tightly filled, small
pods, maturing 60 days after planting. Nod-
ules on roots very abundant.

Second Planting...May 20

Warietyanc etn Thomas Laxton, Rows
21, 25, 26, 27, Plot No. 1

“Amount-eieeereee I quart (inoculated U. S.
culture of nitrifying bac-
teria)

Yield:

Used in House-
olde 42 3 pecks, 5 quarts

First gathered... .July 4
Last gathered....July 11

Warietyiece esi Edible Pod
(AMOUNt See eee I pint (inoculated U. S.
pea culture), Row 20,
Plot No. 1
Yield:
Used in House-
hold etepeeretr 4 quarts (approximately)

Time of picking. .From July 11

These peas, coming at a time when the
regular peas are at their best, were not much
liked in the family, and not all the crop was
used. Much of it was left on the vines and
went to waste. There was no market for it.

Third Planting ..June t
Warlet yin. ciel Gradus, Rows 63, 64,
65, Plot No. 1
PAMOUNt sere et I quart (inoculated U. S.
culture of nitrifying bac-
teria)
Yield:
Used in House-
hold... ...... 4 pecks
Stith conscpodcr “
Motales. 5 pecks

First gathered... .July 14
Last gathered. . .. July 29

True Gradus peas; very fine. Some nod-
ules on roots.
Fourth Planting. ..June 9
Warlet yan crise Juno, Rows 66, 67, 68,
69, Plot No. 1
fAmoun tere eee I quart (inoculated U.S.
culture of nitrifying bac-

teria)

Mrs. Bensel’s Long Island garden, a panorama view of the whole area (see also the plan on page 246)

Q42 THE GARD EN MAVGA ZUNE

JANUARY, 1913

Yield: .
Home use. . 0.5 pec a ae =e a :
Solaeneneecee 1 : [ B Rowe Ronpberries Biacirherey
2 — = ACh ot DENY
otal ajc 1.5 pecks é aeagele tatgek ran i902 *

First gathered... .August 12 ®
Last gathered. . ..August 19 Gradus Pea fol-24t f Ra ete rN — f Betws Rea Slee Plone (ange) wish bertore (oe
2 Ruws Penei! Pod Woy Beane BAIT en tune st Is Melens:
These peas were as fine and large as June |__ = SS say SESE eS So
peas, although not so many on vines. gees 7 — Btemote Plonts PuMay 3% _ _ 13 Frill) of Melon. TuneS ERLE 1 ae
Fifth Planting. ...June 27 a { chrinstess Beam Frizy" $a) Fi 27 Tomute Plants, Pi, May 31% x S gt ae
Varietyguec cies nae Se Row is { Eqyplion Dec. hae es i _15 Eqs Plonk. Pl. Mayn'sfunee™ yp. Cautiflowers.0 May a __@ Temete Plants. fi Mey 3S ;
(AMOUN Gaaseeeseret: I pint ae - | r — a Rew Levene. Ph bola: fe Rem Orton eB pela 3 Apo |
Yield: eit coe TUT aa 7 > Ba none Pagoace, Spock Pagpare ase ee 57 Tamale Plants haere AS) Se
Home use. .....0.5 peck —— | ; ; eae , Strowbecries (Glen Mary.) 2 4
Gathered .... August 9 Be Onion Seed Aal. 24° {Letiuce. Junel® ua) 24S 7 (ees
Plants very poor. Tf apn Correts 2. Apt 2A: {eecte (se) June if é (Late.)
Sixth Planting. .. July 17 ie fumes APL Aanin Soy
Warietycrseraiseia-r- McLean’s Advancer, E Pershey.Pt Endive planter behwcan Parsley ee
Between Peep o’ Day Lettuce (fp Rewtses for Beets (Tr S125 Chord, Pl Tunes? all eeanen
corn; 4 rows, in Rows Readishes {Thomas Lagten Pea June 27* Aug’ g*
KN 47 to 55, Plot ont ; A 4 A ve
MOUN Ese epeeelsrs es I quart (inoculated with I espinaehnplsaal sae I Spenser rs Perveniels @
ie U. Sarita (old) P' Ih. PL Apl. 24 3 P af s Auch. a ( . 2 ® @ ® -
vield: l . cal FS »
Used in House- t ir r ! FS
holders ..0.5 peck |-@ ae , 64 RASPBERRIES a (4
Gathered......... October 14 Seta eek ne Ee \eteinaigpunonoat Cuthbert, 1 Row, Plot No. 2 (1909); | § |
These peas promised to be better than they r 7 om Columbian, 1 Row, Plot No. 2 (1909); “We * |
turned out; the weather did not seem to suit | east qu teense Everbearing. A few bushes in Plot { . Ieapolaern, ryeeys
them: the vines were strong and sturdy, but rai h Goan serie No. x (1909; White, A few bushes in | : oa
shrivelled up and bore very poorly. - reeacen hi Pree TE MEY CL Ty ATO) ” ae lot No. 1 (1909) nl
pes nel teet or AO ered ees 4 Amount...... ...2 Rows, 85 ft. long | 2
PEPPERS BEDE ee teh 2
Varieties. ........ Ruby King, in Row t t “Ane I" fo Yield: - lif
5, Plot No. 2, Chinese ® { OH Used in House- | ie
Cane in Row 5, Plot Q Hele Pataca nic 43 pints lLale 4
No. 2. { (Sroesplasiad Endive Ragh 26" > Soldiisesone: Op 8 ll" l@ ¢
Amounti...<se-+: 14 plants Ruby King ss ——_——_ fasta Bie
ss (sweet); 3 Chinese Giant. ( ; «| _ Total......110 pints | =
Yield: Al Bruiberipesc sete From July 7 to 29 4) o§
Used in House | Large fine berri i i +
onaey eae eee lips ae | Fe eae ed ee pac: oa eat aud whites Everbearing one ¢ t
eBelsinisierate e ; é es all summer. m October 2 a o= =
Plants pie in the H | D | 3 “| some fine berries on the bushes still. pebisy there ate 20 © i
@roundeciee es May 9 7 S|} Es | = 4
Ready for use....From August 1 until | | RHUBARB ‘su ?
frost. | A Variety. . Myatts Linnaeus (1 1© @
[eee | (Variety. eter a go2) J
A oe crop os done very well indeed. We p | our teense -..4 Plants, Plot No. 2 a Metrepeljtin Core, Fl. Tunele)
ad more than we could use. May 16th a leld: : |
sprayed plants with bordeaux and paris green. cd All used in house-
June oth cut worms very troublesome. a hold Fereteeeer 12 bunches ¢
Treated ground near plants with paris green, i § Gr States Limi Beans 71, Mey 2 t Ready for use....From May 9 i :
sugar, and bran. = | ail Rhubarb always satisfactory. The four hills supply I at
POTATOES 4 plenty for household use. Stalks vary from 2 to 4 inches hhh) Ais
Vast mane Pathe Roce RRO |. | a in circurnference and a foot to a foot and a half long. } \" oD
; 2,3, 4, 5, 6, Plot No.r | ; t, SALSIFY a sees
Smount ee celeie dees 1 peck | | I Misra .........Mammoth Sandwich Island 7 &
is 4 a a ps R " dfs] |
sAlifvicedant Tonge: | je | eo Planted ct Pean See of Rows 88-89, Plot No. 1 |
ans of pain Aieiias ee eee fe Tiss distinctly a Gime veeeunieebed Q
se Pree) 2 is 1s distinctly a winter vegetable, to be du;
Time of digging. .July to to August 8 ca 4 used as required. There are two double ue aed | a
anes eeouocs were Eoed, somewhat | % feet each. | t
undersized, but clean and smooth. Four |
sprayings. | il Seat Round L d
Variety. ven secre c Bovee. Rows sm SS 45 Yeteepeltas Crem. Sone AE: — Rua one z= Ce gbond00 OU IS
OQuLOetr re eTs a 15, | a AETV cuca se G oon PL pee) 66, 67, 68, and | 4 ©
Spe. NT, zi 9, in Plo Over uae es Marra
jeer ae 18; Plot No. 1 Ree emcee nal tes a Vield:
Fehy 4 Sears Ta aaa S Used in House-
Yield: E ” SWISS CHA
maa he . er c mete a ere hold Serre % peck 4 RD
Geet i House- as Rec cane L ome groan seed) PL May 25 ; Planted... 1.0... April 24 Variety: cee New Curled
iinet Aintine Miee a 4 que es Entire crop lost through bugs. ‘Amountepenenne r ounce planted June 9,
Time of digging. .August 8 to September PUL ODED a SQUASH en july ako ee
Potatoes were of good quality and clean. ppp mie = Variety. ......... Summer Crookneck, a and 18, Plot No. 3
Sprayed four times, May 20th, June 16th ) i <Feaiee Row 22, in Plot No. 1 MAGE Soapaguablo 7 pecks (approximately.)
zoth, and July 4th. First spraying as seed AL Mey 2 AN ponies = ae sedi Ready for use....From August 11
ee Lae istabrenineathrouenatheverodd 1 Blac tiny Prann bag Used in House- Good vigorous growth, which is liked in the
PUMPKINS 5 Held eee eee 30 household better than spinach.
Warletyoic: << n-ne Winter Luxury Wisiacienel on Berio ~4 ae ae a pes TOMATO
Planted Geen ieeiece June x, (in corn, be ; Motalters: 74 else cacendads Matchless
tween Rows 56 and 62, s\@ hPL Moy 2s” “as Time of trans- S plants, Rew a Hot
Plot No. 1.) h. mean planting into 0. 2; 27 plants, Kow
Ready for use....After October 1 oe ¢ rows. ne Saas May 25 8, Plot No. 2; 6 plants
Amount..........1 package ete {Pr First picked. July 12 Row 7, Plot No. 2; 7
Yield: é ig ¢ Feri eo Last picked. ..... October 24 plants Row s; Plot No.
Used in House- These squash came up from self-sown seed 2. Planted May 31, also
iI 5 r ? self-sown plants moved
hold and in { and were as good as any I have ever had. 5 p a Ove
stock for win- — Put hellebore on once toward the end of the Row 10, Plot 2; 3'self-
Lenny ieee z | season, for large gray beetle, saving the plants. sown plants moved to
Pumpkins of good flavor, and not too large | ‘ between Rows 74 and
for ordinary family use; one making two good STRAWBERRIES 75, Plot No. 1.
ples. S| Name of Varieties Yet Mahe Tie. go plas
QUINCE i and amen of Weediintatlouees
Variety. mendes: « Orange (1902) 1 tree, tOCK: hold 5 3
Plot No. 3 Orange (1908) | Early (name lost).1 line, 75 ft. long Plot Sold. FP ee ze peaks, 3 GREHIS
X 1 tree, Plot No. 1 AS ig 2) rt N rows, 28 —
Amount..........2 trees. (one of these {x -long Plot No 3—100)
planted in 1908, has MY Late (name lost)..1 line, 75 ft. long, Plot Ready for use. . pt Pee
. not yet borne fruit) No. 2—1909; 8 rows 28 2 : s
Vield: a ft. long, Plot No. 3—1008 Sprayed with weak solution June 29th and
All used in 5 Glen Mary....... r line 75 ft. long, Plot July 13th. Put up supports July 8th. Cut
Household. . -+ peck Pes No. 2—1909; 8 rows 22 Some foliage from top of plants, August 2d.
RADISH oe Fol ft. long, Plot No. 3—1900 October 7th, fearing frost, filled one of the cold
ut Bes Yield: z frames with tomatoes that ripened there
VWarietys.cen ces. Scarlet, Row 70, Plot ||| Used in House- daily. On cold nights burlap bags are used
No. 1 = | “ 45 quarts as covering to plants still in the garden.
ADiountanenneerer I package BH] | oc Early Rese! Rives ‘ TOTSS aii Fruit fine in quality, bright red, and rather
aoe a f : eres small. Canning better than larger tomatoes.
anmioneee : onal ABTA Soy Sb Ae REET TRS
aes 206.5 quarts TURNIPS
Py | A From June 9 to July 7 Wemiiays scaocboas Early White Milan
eee a leg | | Feats sper May pot tay te Planteds -sei soe aOR 73, Plot
Andie las S se protected plants during winter left on groun 0. I; ly 8, Row 73
ad all we could use. Some eaten by to protect fruit from sand. On June 6th put Plot No. 1; August 3,

beetles. Planting plan for A. C. Bensel’s garden fish nets over all plants. Row 27, Plot No. 1

JANUARY, 1913

Hehe GeAg he OME IN M AIG SAGZ ON E

243

Mitt by oamemoncas 18 bunches TSOkra cat 12c ae emery 8 Prater oe 30 VEGETABLES FROM GARDEN CANNED, PICKLES MADE AUTUMN OF 1911
Ready for use....From June 27 to end of 2 pks onions at 50C................ 1.00
October Parsley (in daily use in household 153 SUMMER, IQII Green Tomato Pickle...:........ 8 qts., 1 pt.
First planting much eaten by insects. GER SEE Es con coogeosonoapecs0s I.53 PepperdHashslese eee nee ats De
There were enough left, however, to fill all Pears, 12 pks. x qt, at 4oc per pk. .... 4.85 2-qt. jars stringless beans, cut. Chow-Chow..........-:-....... I qt., I pt.
needs until the second planting was ready. 61 peppers at 2c............-...---- 1.22 : I-qt. jar stringless beans, cut.
Second planting was put in empty spaces, in Potatoes 6 bu, 4 qts, $1.25, per bu... 7.66 Io 1-qt. jars stringless beans, whole. PRESERVED FRUIT FROM HOME
same row as first, and most of the yield came TOMpUMpKins ataLoc see aeiceiceiee 1.60 Io 1-qt. Jars lima beans. GARDEN, SUMME
from this planting. Seed of third planting 12 bunches salsify at roc . I.20 1 I-qt. Jars beets, whole. BN p MER, 1911
came up very irregularly. The seed used was 3} pk. spinach at 20c a pk. -I0 6 r-at. jars peas. Cherry, Montmor-
the “left over” of the previous year. 39 Squashiatiscieeeeene 1.50 20 2-qt. jars tomatoes. ency eee eee I 2-qt. jar (in Maras-
13 bu. Swiss chard per bu .88 6 1-qt. jars tomatoes (see note). chino); r r-qt jar (in
EXPENSE ACCOUNT 3 bu., 3 pks. 3 qts., Tomatoes, per bu. Nore: These tomatoes are put, uncooked, syrup); I r-pt. jar (in
TSS RE EPL into the jars, and are kept as whole as far as syrup). ;
42 bean poles, at 3c. ....- oSodeéoanee GEO — sOinmdics turnips at 5c is consistent with filling the jars. Currant, Fay Pro- 4 3
50 Ibs. general garden fertilizer....... 1.75 lific 1 lasses 3
too Ibs. bone fertilizer (general use)... 2.50 Total>............---+---- Tee Rea BS ar ay Bone
HibapPertitizers!sc cen: cscaces ssa. ses ! FRUIT dare eG) 2ela as Deal
SOLD (white).

3 days’ use of horse, $2 day

Bar-le-Duc.... . Seeds removed, and en-

193 days’ labor, $2 a day ........... 53)pks4beans.at/4oCeercee eee tae $ 2.20 USED IN HOUSEHOLD AND IN STOCK ae Eedetaee
7 loads manure at $1.00 a load .....- OOS, | LibUabeaustre ch tett eee eens 1.25 Guncchees (Gal tirely cooked in sun.
150 celery plants at 6oc per hundred. ‘90 +2 pks. beansat 25c.--.-.--..-- 3.00 tSapplesat 2ceach......... $ .36 hus Cr ae SOU ayy SS
1.73 % pk. beans at 3oc.. -I5 5 ats. cherries at 5c ........-....... = Saas, (OR pies t apts eniced)
| 1.85 - 7 qts. beans, ... “45 13 qts. currants at 12}c. 1.63 Den Saar Puen OLE 7H ies Manisa),
iplantstandiseedswer ye ercietc cee ia 3.07 4 qts. beans ; .25 4 ats. gooseberries at roc -40 SEN SN Gebsocgse ROM eat BBO sialic
( 4-40 § bu. lima beans at $1.00. 5.00 35 lbs. grapes at 5c 1.75 Perches Coes? Jars.
2300s Diy lima qbeansienert tee eee eis -20 50 pearsat 2c........ 1.00 Soe NOE) Berets
Total Sas6 3 pk. limabeanseepe eee reece eere .15 89 ats. peaches at roc ..........-- 8.90 2 5 soe i AIS;
pega aisha cis Car 75:39 3 ats. lima beans Aticce a eeerO. t ete culo goca bet seas 25 sont sip Saale
Ty qtylimalbeanstecmercr terriers 07 43 pts. raspbermies at 12 5.38 2 2-Pl. & y-
VIRGEN AND BSS) 3 Biches heets see eeeroraeeernenee .I0 12 bunches rhubarb at 5c........... 60 Resin ‘4 oe
USED IN HOUSEHOLD AND IN STOCK 67 bunches beets at 3c.............. 2.01 45 qts. strawberries at roc....... 4.50 has Sue, pepe Ape eee
4 bunches asparagus at 25c.......... $r.00 3 heads cabbage at 5c............... “15 Total iiechemcrstecianenere “Vas Gyenisenoe eco. = Hae ogee = i dot.
11 pks. stringless and butter beans, 25c 2.75 8 bunches carrots at 2c.-............ SO | LL ae Paar n dy boule EN pes. cage oe gS Srey glasses; 4 4pt Be lascest
Lima beans, 3 bu. 2 pks. 5 qts., per @ibunches\carrotss ee emmiereerneee 05 ° Ginn S mnecoakedl
(iL e@ac cece as Eee aaa eee 3.66 ae bunches carrots S64 bounoononedes 25 SOLD = 2
2 FO) CNA INS 55 Goesecesauud 13.20
Eee eee ae se Re a ee aise 1) CNG Coan Eke Aes canoanoavagbercesn m4 eetagtchernesjathrocseeep eer eeceace $ .10 SUMMARIZED ACCOUNT
Carrots, 8 bunches at 2c, rbu.at$r.co 1.16 4 bunches parsley (2 for sc). ........ -Io 44 qts. currants at 12}c ............. -57 Thome ern eKet
14 heads cauliflower at 8c............ T12 © pks. peas at 4oc.................. 2.40 3 qts. gooseberries at IOC ..--+.------ -30 SSS oe ere nena aenaa oR 45- Pe
125 heads celery, 5c 6.25 10 squash at sc - SOM TojatsH peaches Le tres eeyeloe ins 2.25 {Aceh oop ayes GcouE rede 75-3
336 ears corn, ric... 5.04 5Squash....... +50 Io qts. peaches (selected) at 20c...... 2.00 AEMEY coupsesdsdoocbndad $ 70.55
26 cucumbers, at 2c................. “52-9 squash....... .40 5 pts. raspberriesat 8c.............. -49
megereiplants ats sca. een cme ec n: vss 10. squash...... ........ +35 31 gts. raspberries at Isc... 4.05 NOTE: Throughout the report, five vege-
62 heads endive, at ac. 288 2 bushels tomatoes at 75C........... I.50 120 qts. strawberries at Ge 12.00 tables are counted as a bunch, except asparagus
14 bunches leek, at ce 70 to}-pks. tomatoes at 25c. 2.03 TaiGts: strawberries at 123c.......... 1.63 and rhubarb, where a larger amount is allowed,
62 heads lettuce( by actual co 3.10 ats. tomatoes at 5c....-........... -30 283 qts. strawberries (selected) atisc. 428 keeping as near as possible to the amount
13 melons, at 5c..... aondoocaosadEn 65 Votal sacee pra mace -- 937-66 ARTEL wc peqondonceou Gus sen $28.18 commercially used.

Pitch Pine for Poor Soils—By Wilhelm Miller, iss

A PICTURESQUE EVERGREEN TREE WHICH GROWS SO RAPIDLY THAT YOU
CAN SOW THE SEEDS AND GROW YOUR OWN WINDBREAKS AND SCREENS

O YOU remember how prejudiced
every one was against red cedar
ten years ago, while now you see
it planted everywhere, especially

in the formal gardens of the wealthy?
It is possible that the next fashionable
tree will be one that is at present heartily
despised, viz., the pitch pine (Pinus
rigida), I confess that only three years
ago I could see no beauty in hard pines.
I thought them the ugliest, scrawniest
old things, full of dead-looking cones that
hung on for years, utterly messy and worth-
less. This was because I had seen them
only in the ‘desert’ of Long Island
where they have been ruined by annual
fires. And even when Professor Sargent
and Miss Rogers told me that the pitch
pine was extremely valuable for planting I
was too shocked to reply, because I thought
much learning had made them mad.

The first great awakening came when I
saw the grand, old specimen at Hyde Park,
N. Y., the home of Frederick W. Vander-
bilt. Later I saw that pitch pine can be
symmetrical enough for a lawn specimen
if you give it room and do not crowd it to
death. It certainly is symmetrical when
young and it can be kept low and bushy by
trimming in summer. However, I do not
advocate pitch pine for lawns because we
have so many better trees that will hold
their symmetry longer, especially white
and red pine. ©

The second great awakening came when
my friends showed me that pitch pine will
often solve more problems at less cost than
any other tree, with the possible exception
of red cedar. For the most artistic ma-
terial is always the cheapest thing that is
permanent. The pitch pine is generally
cheaper even than the Scotch and Austrian
pines and Norway spruce, and it may out-
live them.

What is pitch pine like? It is an ever-
green tree, growing fifty, or rarely eighty
feet high, with a short trunk, and thick
round top which often becomes irregular in
age, and it has yellowish green foliage, the
needles being three to five inches long, and
three needles in a cluster. The extraor-
dinary usefulness of the tree is due to its
genius for quick growth on poor soils, and
its sunny, cheerful foliage. The essential
beauty of it is its pictwresqueness, i. e., its
irregularity in old age, the very opposite of
symmetry. This will be made clear by its
uses.

1. Toshelter your house from the wind,
plant pitch pines. On the prairies, in the
mountains, by the seashore, in the suburbs
this is the great problem that affects every-
one. In Illinois pitch pines are grown by
the tens of thousands and the little seed-
lings a foot or so high are planted success-
fully on the prairies “and in central southern
Nebraska.

2. To hide ugliness, plant pitch pines.

At present the cheapest way to screen
barns, tanks, outbuildings, factories, etc.,
without delay is to move a lot of big cedars.
But pitch pines are eventually more
effective because wider. Cover that ugly
sand pit that spoils your view by planting
it with little pitch pines a foot high! You
can buy too of them at five cents a piece!
Pitch pines will hide more ugliness the year
round in less time and at less cost than any
other tree worth having that you can raise
from seed.

3. To get privacy plant pitch pines at
your boundaries. Plant other trees, too,
and tall shrubs. But without evergreens
your place will look poor and thin. What
cheaper evergreen can you use on the
boundaries of a great estate? You can buy
1,000 pitch pines 3 ft. high for $180, whereas
Scotch pines would cost you $400, white
pine, $500, and Austrian nearly $1,000.

4. To hold steep banks, plant pitch
pines because they are cheaper than sod.
They will grow on banks too steep for sod
and save you the cost of grading back so
that grass will grow. Also they will save
you the expense of carting good soil for
grass. And they hold better because their
roots go deeper.

5. At the seashore, plant pitch pines.
To save land from the sea you must have a
sea wall. Then plant locust and ailanthus
and willow and pitch pine. The three first
will make suckers and hold bluffs. No

244

TH EG AR DeEIN AY GeAy ZaINGE:

JANUARY, 1918

evergreen can withstand the salt spray,
unless the ground is completely covered
with low vegetation like sumach, bayberry,
and other low bushes which will protect the
evergreens. To prevent drifting sand
plant pitch pines as they have done at
Orleans, Mass. You will find them grow-
ing wild in the sand dunes. Nature has
adapted this species to this job by aeons of
experimentation.

The pitch pines at Mr. Codman’s, on Cape
Cod, are considered ‘‘tre-
mendously artistic’? be-
cause they express the
genius loci better than
anything else. Those
weird, contorted trees are
eloquent of a long struggle
with wind, salt, and sand.

Of course, like every
other plant, pitch pine
has its limitations and
these should be fully and
honestly stated. The
white pine has a nobler
beauty, and even among
the picturesque species,
pitch pine does not
achieve. the impressive
magnitude of the red pine.
Again, the taste for
scraggy, seedy pines has
to be acquired, like a taste
for olives and oysters.
Again, its wood is worth-
less, except for fuel. Also,
it has a poor reputation
for transplanting, after
the trees are a foot high
or so.

On the other hand my
enthusiastic friend de-
clares that all valuable,
long-lived trees are un-
justly accused of being
hard to transplant; that
the upland type of tree
has a genius for sending
its roots so far and wide
that it is independent of
drought; and therefore
the feeding roots are cut
off by the ordinary, care-
less way of digging and
moving. But, he asserts,
that he has moved many
large pitch pines to get
the immediate effect of
windbreak or screen. He
declares that country
gentlemen can take off
the curse of newness and
get the effect of age
quickly by root-pruning
and moving to their
grounds the battle-scarred veterans of the
wilds. He even asserts that people who
have been to Italy and are crazy to get the
effect of stone pines in a formal garden can
do so by moving big pitch pines and
trimming them to tall stems and round
heads.

While experiences and opinions will differ
on the points just named there can be no
question that pitch pine grows more
rapidly in poor soil than any other hardy
evergreen tree. A pound of seed costs
$3.50 and contains about 20,000 seeds.
Moreover, it is free from the great danger
by which all five-leaved pines are menaced,
viz. the white pine blister. Country gentle-
men in the East often have the problem of
covering naked hillsides to prevent. soil

The pitch pine (pinus regida) is a rapid growing evergreen that will thrive in the poorest of

soils.

washing, hide ugliness, stop the wind, and
restore beauty. I would not advise them
to raise a forest of pitch pines alone, but
let the pitch pines shelter and nurse the
finer species. They need no care, save the
cost of top soil and manure, and thrive even
in Rockaway gravel, which is popularly

It has a rugged appearance even when young

considered about the most desperate propo-
sition on the Atlantic Coast.

Nor can there be any doubt that pitch
pine has a peculiar winter beauty. While
the white pine is cheery because of the
silver in its foliage, the pitch pine cheers
because of its yellow green, which makes
it sunny, not dark and gloomy and mon-
otonous, like the ever-present Norway
spruce.

For a noble Americanism, let us plant
more pitch pines and fewer
of theScotch and Austrian.
Let us all help to make
our country look different
from — not a cheap imi-
tation of — Europe!

Some Little Used

Vines

FOR verandas or shady
spots, producing
clusters of small, white,
star-shaped flowers in
profusion, the oak-leaved
climber (Melothria punc-
tata) is excellent. This
plant has small dark-
green leaves and is very
vigorous. It will run up
fifteen feet or more in a
season. The flowers are
followed by attractive
fruit, similar to gourds,
but of a brownish color.
It is a tender perennial,
but is usually treated as
an annual in New York
and similar latitudes,
where the seed is sown
not later than March 15.
If desired, the tops can
be cut and the root
stored for the winter,
then planted out the
following spring.

The curious little,
cherry-shaped fruits of
Bryonopsis laciniosa are
very attractive in their
skins of pale green with
white markings. They
are very freely produced,
but only when the plant
is growing in a very hot,
sunny location. Another
variety, with red fruit
and white markings is
var. erythrocarpa. In or-
der to make these heat-
loving plants fruit well,
the seed should be sown
in the greenhouse not
later than March 15, and
the young plants not set out before June r.

A curious fruiting vine, also, for a very
hot, dry location, is the balsam pea (Mom-
ordica Charantia). The fruit is oblong,
very rough on the outer surface and of a
yellowish color. After maturity, the seed
pod bursts, showing the carmine centre.

A Vegetable Planting Table for Southern Gardens— By Thos. J. Steed, “

Geor-

[Epitors’ Note—This planting table is prepared for the latitude of Middle Georgia and Alabama, or the latitude of Macon, Ga., Montgom-

ery, Ala., Jackson, Miss., Dallas, Texas.

YIELD PER 100 FT.

South of these places the dates may be earlier; north of them plant later, of course.]

KIND SUGGESTED VARIETIES PLANTING AND MATURING DATES ae FERTILIZER* CULTURAL HINTS, ETC.
Artichoke, March 1, open ground, ready in 6} 60 qts. to lbs. 8-4-2 Hardy. Sandy loam soil. Plant tubers 5 in. deep; rows
Jerusalem months 3 it apart and 2 ft. apart in row. Two qts. tubers to
Ioo ft.
Asparagus Palmetto and Giant Argentueil | Nov. and Dec. Open ground, ready} 30 qts About 6 bu. man-} Hardy. Use 2 yr. old roots. Rows 2 ft. apart; 12 in.
Mar. 1 ure apart in row. Plant 6 in. deep.
Bean, lima Fordhook, Henderson Bush, Mar. 25. Make 3 plantings, May 25] 30 qts 8-10 lbs. 8-6-2 Tender. Rows 2 ft. apart. 12-18 in. apart in rows. 1 pt.
Lima and July 1. Ready in 8 weeks seed, r in. deep.
Bean, snap or} Stringless Green Pod, Valentine,} March I. Every 4 wks. until Sept. 1.| 80 qts 8 tbs. 8-6-2 Tender. Rows 18 in. apart; 6 in. apart in rows. 1 pt.
string Brittle Wax Ready in 6 wks. seed, I in. deep.
Beet Crosby’s Early Egyptian, Im-| Jan. 25. Every 6 weeks, until Oct. r.] 2 bu. 8 tbs. 6-6-3 Hardy. Rows 18 in. apart. Thin plants 3-4 in. apart.
proved Long Blood, Black} Ready in 8 to 10 weeks Two oz. seed for 100 ft. Cover seed 3 in.
Red Ball
Cabbage Jersey Wakefield, Allhead Early,] Set out plants. Jan.1, March 1, June] too heads, two to] 15 tbs. 6-6-5 Hardy. Rows 2 ft. apart; 1 ft. apart in rows. 1 oz. seed,
Early Summer, Drumhead] 1, Aug. 1 to Sept. 1. Sow seed in| ten lbs. each Mix well with soil] 4 in. deep.
Savoy open Jan. 25 to Oct. 25. Ready in
120 days from seed
Califlower Burpee’s Dry Weather, Hender-| Sow seed in open Jan. 25 to Aug. 25.| 100 heads, 1 to 2] 15 lbs. 6-6-5 Hardy. Rows 2 ft. apart; 1 ft. apart in row. 3 oz. seed,
son’s Early Snowball Every 5 weeks for succession. Ready] lbs. each Mix well with soil] 4 in. deep.
in 125 days from seed
Collard Georgia White, heading Mar. 1, May 1, June 1; ready in 125] 33 heads, 3-4 Ibs.| 10 tbs. 6-6-5 Hardy. Rows 2} ft. apart; 18 in. apart in row, 3 in
days each deep. 1 oz. seed.
Celery Golden Self Blanching July, Feb. Ready in 135 days 40-50 heads, 1 to 2] 20 Ibs. 6-6-6 or] Hardy. Rows 3 ft. apart, 6-8 in. apart in row. 3 oz. seed
tbs. each manure } in. deep. Mix fertilizer well with soil.
Carrot Oxheart, Early Scarlet Horn,} Nov. 1, Jan. 1, Mar. 1, June 1, Sept.} 2 bu. 6 Ibs. 6-6-5, or! Hardy. 4 in. deep. Rows 12 in; 3-4 in. apart in row
True Danver 1. Ready in 75 days manure I oz. seed.
Cucumber Fordhook Pickling, Green Pro-| Mar. 1; once a month until Aug. 1 for] 4 bu. to Ibs. 6-5-4, or] Tender. Rows 3 ft. apart, x plant in place; plants 23 ft.
lific succession. Ready in 65 days 1 shovelful man-| apart in row } in. deep. 1 oz. seed.
ure to a hill
Eggplant Black Beauty, High Bush Dec. 15 in hotbed. Mar. 25 in open] 200 fruits, 2-5 lbs.) 15 Ibs., 6-5-4, or} Tender. Rows 3 ft. apart; 2 ft. apart in row.
June r in open. Ready in 140 days] each manure
Kale Dwarf, Curled Scotch; Siberian] Jan. 10; Feb. 25, May 1, July 1,] 35 ats Horse stable man-| Hardy. Rows 12 in. apart; thin plants to 6 in. apart.
Sept. 1, Oct. 25. Ready in 4 weeks ure, 3 to 4 bu. Use green while thinning. } in. deep, 1 oz. seed to 100 ft.
Lettuce May King, Wayahead Feb. 1, open ground. April 1, June 1,] 200-225 heads 8 Ibs., 6-6-5, or] Hardy. Rows 12 in. apart, 4 to 6 in. apart in row. 4 oz.
Sept. 1, Nov. 1. Ready in 50 to 65] weighing 3? to rj] manure seed, } in. deep. Mix fertilizer well with soil.
days tbs. each
Muskmelon Rocky Ford, Fordhook Mar. 1, April 1. Every 4 weeks un-| 50 to 60 fruits to ltbs., 6-6-5 Tender. Rows 3 ft. apart; 3 ft. apart in row. 1 oz. seed
til July 1 for succession. Ready in 4 in.
too days
Onion (set) Bermuda (white and red), Silver Oct. to May, open ground. 6 weeks} 2 bu. 15 lbs., 6-6-5 18 in. rows; 4-6 in. apart in row. Hardy.
King, Red Wethersfield, Prize-) for succession.
taker
Onion (seed) Feb., Mar., Sept. Ready in 125 days] 2 bu. 15 ie ix well | 12 to 16 in. rows; 4 to 6 in. apart in row. 1 oz. seed.
with soi
Pepper Chinese Giant of large sweet] Dec. 15 in hotbed, Mar. 1, June 1 in] 30 qts. sweet pep-| 10 lbs., 6-6-5 Row 2 ft. apart; 12 to18in. apart inrow. Tender. 1 oz.
sort; Tabasco small hot sort open. Ready in too days per. 20 qts. hot seed for 1,500 plants.
peppers.
Parsley Large, Double Curled Feb. 1. Every 4 weeks for succession] 20 qts. 6 Ibs., 6-6-5 Hardy. Rows 12 in. apart. 3 oz. seed.
Parsnip Hollow Crown Feb. to Oct. Every 4 weeks for suc-| 20 qts. 6 tbs., 6-6-5 Hardy. Rows 12 in. apart; 4 in. apart in tow. in.
cession deep, 3 oz. seed.
Pea Everbearing, Best Early Jan., Feb. Mar., and July. Ready in] 25 ats. to lbs., 6-6-2 Hardy. Rows 23 ft. 14 pt. seed, r in. deep.
70 days
Potato, white _| Bliss Triumph Early Rose,} Jan. Every 6 weeks until Aug. for] 4 bu. to lbs., 6-6-4 Tender. Rows 2 ft. apart. 12 in. apart in row.
(early); Irish Cobbler (late) succession
Potato, sweet Georgia Yellow Yam Set out plants from Mar. 25 to July] 5 bu. to tbs., 6-6-4 Tender. Rows 3 ft.; 2 ft. apart in row. 1 pk., furnish
15. Start in hotbed Feb. and Mar. plants for roo ft. of row, at first planting out.
Peanut Spanish, Virginia Bunch, Geor-] Mar. 1 to June r. Ready in 100 days} 2 to 3 bu. 8 to ro lbs., 6-6-2 | Tender. Rows 2 ft. apart; 12 in. apart in row. 4 oz.
gia Red or Tennessee Bunch unshelled peanuts.
Radish Rapid Red, Hailstone, Surprise} Jan. 20 in open. Every 3 weeks for] 50 qts. 4 bu. manure Hardy. Rows 12 in. apart; 2 in. apart in row. 1 oz.
succession. Ready in 20 days 4 in. deep.
Salsify Sandwich Island Mammoth Feb. 1, May 1, Aug. 1, Oct. 1. Ready} 20 qts. 8 tbs., 6-6-5 Hardy. Rows 18 in. apart; 2 to 4 in. apart in row. 1 oz.
in 140 days seed, } in. decp.
Strawberry Lady Thompson, Klondike Oct. and Nov. Ready Mar. and April} 20 qts. 15 lbs., 6-6-5 Hardy. Rows 2 ft. apart; Plants ro in. apart in row.
Squash, summer] White Bush or Patty Pan, Sum-| Mar. 1, open. Every 4 weeks for suc-} 150 fruits if they] ro lbs., 6-6-5 Tender. Rows 3 ft. apart; -2 ft. apart in row. 1 plant to
bush mer Crookneck cession. Ready in 60 days are not to seed a hill. 1 oz. seed.
Tomato Early Jewel, Matchless Pon-| Dec. 15 hotbed. Mar. 1 open. May} 4 bu. 12 lbs., 6-6-5 Tender. Rows 3 ft. apart; Plants 18 to 24 in. apart in
derosa rand June ro. Ready in 85 days rows. 1.oz. seed for 1,500 plants.
Turnip White Globe The year around every 6 weeks for] 50 qts. 6 tb. 6-4-4 Hardy. Rows 12 in. apart; 4 in. apart in row, 1 oz. seed.
succession
Watermelon Halbert Honey, Panmures All-| Mar. 1 once a month until Aug. 1] 4o fruits 2 shovelsful manure] Tender. Rows 8 ft. apart. Hill 6 ft. apart in row

heart, Kleckly Sweet

for succession. Ready in roo-125 dys.

to a hill.

t plant to a hill. 1 oz. seed.

*The figures used in this column indicates the desirable percentages of the food elements, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash.

245

Buildings In and About the Home Grounds

III. WaLLs aND Piers.—By Phil M. Riley,

HARM in the home does not imply
beauty alone; quiet, restfulness
and seclusion are equally desir-
able. Did I not know this from

observation I certainly should have learned
it from the emphatic remarks of my grand-
father, overheard when a boy. A frank,
spirited disposition his; a spade was a spade,
and when he explained why he built his
simple farmhouse well back from the road
there was no mistaking his meaning.

“Look at Avery’s house,”’ he used to say.
“Tt’s a good place for those who want to
show off or who can’t restrain their curiosity.
Surely nobody would accuse them of show-
ing off, but I guess Mrs. Avery wants to see
everybody that goes by; it furnishes a lot to
talk about and that’s more important to
her than her home. ‘Probably she never
thought, though,” he chuckled, “that they
all see her too. It’s like living in the show
window of Bean’s grocery — there’s no
privacy. I like to have my friends come
around once in a while, but I don’t want to
be on exhibition all the time before every-
body. That’s why you can see only a
glimpse of my house from the road.’

Good logic that, if a bit blunt, and it is
being put into practice more every day.
In country homes particularly, and in the
suburbs too, people are building less to im-
press passers-by or their neighbors and more
to provide for themselves those things that a

Modern bricks with their rough surfaces and wide
range of color are admirable for garden walls

home implies — congenial surroundings and
privacy in which to enjoy the home ties
that concern only the immediate family.
Happily our homes are less show places than
formerly, though they may be better worth
looking at.

It is this desire to have the best home
aspect. within, rather than without, that
has led many of us to front our houses not
upon the street but upon the secluded,
often walled garden at the rear of the lot, or
when a house in a large lot already faces the
street, to surround it with a high wall or
hedge, and to cut off from the passer-by

Anembankment wall of plastered stone effectively
treated with an iron fence between the piers

all save glimpses of the house by means of
mass plantings of shrubs between the taller
trees.

Providing a secluded spot for outdoor
living is but one of the several functions of
the wall, although an especially important
one. When of lesser height it often marks
property lines and serves to make trespass
difficult and conspicuous; also purely for
landscape effect it is sometimes employed as
a mark of transition to separate two or more
portions of extensive grounds which have
been treated in dissimilar manner, as the
formal and informal portions. There are
embankments or terrace walls where the
grade changes, often combined with balus-
trades. Then, too, a wall is a good screen
for the service yard where clothes are hung
and the ash and garbage cans are set out at
regular intervals. A wall furnishes a better
screen than a hedge because it entails
practically no expense of maintenance.
Indeed, walls are important adjuncts, not
alone utilitarian, but lending beauty and

246

New
York

distinction to home grounds when the
materials and construction are such as will
To realize this one

give character to them.

Red roofing tiles are much used in California to
cap concrete garden walls

has only to see the charming brick walls of

* the South, half clad with clinging vines,

softened by many years of sun and storm,
and with the shadows of overhanging, moss-
festooned live oaks traced upon them.

Three building materials are commonly
used, namely: stone, brick, and concrete.
Which to choose depends upon the house,
for the wall should be in harmony with it.
If the house be of one of these materials,
the wall, whatever its nature, is always
pleasing when of similar construction.
While concrete walls are well suited to
stucco houses, very charming effects have
been secured by using brick or stone for
chimneys, walls, walks and steps. Any of
these three materials is appropriate with a
wooden house, a good precedent being to
select that of which the chimneys are built,
thereby ensuring simplicity in the home
picture by reducing the variety of construc-
tive materials.

Local stone is always better than that
brought from a distance, which, like cut
stone, is inappropriate except in large and
pretentious houses. Just now there is an
absurd fad for round field stones laid up in
cement. This type of construction is used
for walls, piers, steps, chimneys and even
fountain basins. It is not a stone wall, but
a concrete wall with aggregates of redicu-
lous size, for without the cement the wall
would not be secure. Blasted ledges and
split boulders provide the flat surfaces
necessary to solid construction as seen in
stonework of the charming Germantown
style. Such a wall will stand without mor-
tar and in the country is better so. The
absence of slick finished appearance is its
principal charm. In autumn the larger

. crevices-can be filled with soil mixed with
seeds, giving in spring a delightful dress of

JANUARY, 1913

eae GwAwke Dan IN MrATG Ay Z leNE Qa7

alpines, sedum, wallflower, snapdragon and
toadflax. Pointing is undesirable; if mor-
tar is used, let there be only enough for
stability. Any sort of climbing vine,
woodbine, English ivy, or ampelopsis, often
used to clothe high walls, needs ample
spaces between the stones in which to cling,
and it will cling to mortar better than to
cement.

All this is true of brick walls also, it being
desirable to rake out the mortar joints to a
depth of half an inch or a trifle more. Oc-
casional variation of the bond in different
courses and the use of both hard and soft-
burned bricks lends variety of color and
texture to the surface. The best bricks of
to-day present splendid rough surfaces with
a wide range of color even in uniform de-
grees of hardness.

Some sort of cap is customary along the
top of brick and concrete walls and gate-
way piers. A brick cap is suitable in either
case. It may be flat of top, projecting two
inches beyond the width of the wall, or
sharp of top, the bricks being set up at an
angle of 45 degrees like rafters on a gable
roof. Long flat slabs of cut stone of any
local sort make a good cap, while on a con-
crete wall the cap may also be of concrete if
that is desirable.

A pleasing uniform finish and slightly
rough texture is given to concrete walls by
taking off the outer skin of cement which
comes to the surface next to the forms while
the concrete is still somewhat green so as
to expose the sand and stone aggregates.
These should be chosen for size and color
with this object in view. The simplest way
is to remove the forms as soon as the con-
crete has set, which will be in 24 to 48 hours.
Test by pressure of the thumb. Wet the
surface thoroughly and rub with a plasterer’s
wooden float or a carborundum block. A
still rougher finish can be had by the use of a
stone cutter’s bush hammer after the con-
crete has hardened. One part Portland
cement, two and one half parts sand and five
parts gravel or stone are the proportions for
a concrete wall.

A stucco finish over brick or stone walls
is secured by applying first a coat of
cement mortar half an inch thick consisting
of one part Portland cement, three parts
sand, and. not over ten per cent. of the
sand proportion consisting of lime putty.
Before it sets, this coat is well scratched
to secure a bond with the finish coat, con-
sisting of one: part Portland cement and
two parts clean sand. For a rough sand

finish the float is covered with burlap and ©

the mortar used rather dry. Throwing the

cement mortar on the walls with a wooden ~

paddle produces a dash finish. Pebble
dash is secured by applying a rather wet
cement mortar and then throwing half-inch
pebbles against it alternately coating and
pebbling a few square feet at a time.
Every wall having mortar or concrete in
its make-up should rest on a footing or base
below the frost line. This is necessary to
prevent heaving and cracking of the mortar
ioints in winter and spring. Four feet be-

An embankment wall of local stone laid up Germantown style with a stairway leading from the terrace above

to the garden below.

low the surface is about right except in the
southern states where two or three feet is
safe. The footing should be six inches
thick and six inches wider each side than the
wall it supports. Rising from this an eight-
inch wall of either concrete or brick is
usually satisfactory. Stone walls are much
wider, often fifteen inches.

All of this holds true of retaining walls for
terraces, except that they are built accord-

Its texture gives a softness akin to that of age

ing to what is known as gravity section.
In other words the earth pressure is re-
sisted by the weight of the wall, which is
thicker at base than top, the inclined side
being concealed by the earth. A con-
crete retaining wall showing four feet above
ground and eight feet high would have a
thickness of about 2 ft. 9 in. at the base,
1 ft. rr in. at the ground level and twelve,
inches at the top.

For the small country place there is no more appropriate or picturesque wall than one of loose stones laid up
without mortar or pointing. Stones flat of surface are desirable

ConbDucTED BY ELLEN Eppy SHAW

Some Big Money Results

ANUARY is a month when people

take account of stock, plan for the
year and make solemn promises. In gar-
den work it is well, also, to do all these
things. Take account of stock by seeing if
your last year’s garden paid; plan for the
year by starting right off to make ready for
your spring outdoor work; and solemnly
promise to make your garden better, to
keep a strict account of it in dollars and
cents, and to take pictures of your work
which will show something definite.

The following reports of work show
actual results both in yield and in money:

Thirty-Five Dollars From
Vegetables

“My garden was forty feet square. I
fertilized it with stable and hen manure,
turned it in well and then made the drills.

The first seeds, early peas, I planted
about the middle of April. Finishing
with them I planted five rows of beets.
After this was completed, I planted three
rows of bush beans. Then came the let-
tuce, two rows of Salamander and about
five or six small rows of Prizehead. After
that I set out twelve hills of pole beans,
nicely equipped with ten foot bamboo poles.
I set out from my hotbed thirty-eight nice
tomato plants. My next step was to
plant about twenty hills of sweet corn, five
or six hills of cucumbers, two rows of tur-
nips, one row of parsley, and two rows of
carrots. I followed this planting with four
hills of cantaloupes and ten hills of squash.
I put out, also, two rows of onion sets. This
is the general layout of my home garden.

The realization from these labors was
gratifying. To begin with I realized from
my beet crop $2. The next thing to
bring profit was my lettuce; I sold $4
worth and also kept our own home table
fully supplied all this season. The profits
on the next crop (beans) netted me $2,
also a full supply for the table most of the

T HOE “Gea Dan eN es MiAGG AS Zima Nek

season. My crop of kale was of a very fine
looking grade. I realized $1 from it. I
have had a very successful crop of carrots.
I have already pulled and sold $2 worth
and will realize on the remainder, after
setting aside all the family requires, about
$1.50 more. I have a very pretty, healthy
and strong looking crop of parsley. I have
sold only thus far in the neighborhood of
$2 worth and I am certain I will realize on
the balance at least $2 more. The next
crop is my tomato crop, which consists of
thirty-eight plants. Ihave kept the family
supplied all the season with the finest
specimens of Dwarf Champion and Stone
tomatoes. I have already sold from these
vines over four bushels of ripened tomatoes.
I have realized at the rate of $1.50 per
bushel, which yields me $6 already.

The next crop is my sweet corn. Out
of the number of hills I have planted the
profit is about $1. On my cucumber vines
I realized $1.75 besides seed. The next
crop that I wish to speak of is my canta-
loupes. For my limited space I consider my
yield equal to $6. The summer turnip
crop grew very successfully. I did not sell
any of this crop, but I calculate from what
the family used, the profit to be about $2.
I have about twenty good sound pumpkins.
My final crop of vegetables is my pole beans
and out of these we have had a generous
supply for the table. So my small vegetable
garden has been worth about $35 to me.

Providence, R. I. H. O’CONNELL.

Over Five Dollars In Strawberries

“Tn my strawberry bed which I told you
that I planted last spring, I had 52 quarts
of berries. The berries were certainly
delicious and we had all we could do to pick
and eat them. The patch is 25x5 ft.
Figuring on an average of 14 cents per quart,
I had $7.28 for those berries. I spent but
$2 on the bed. Thus I had a profit of

A boy's back yard garden at Providence, R. I., that was a financial success.

JANUARY, 1913

$5.28 for only one crop. I hope for as good
results next year.
Detroit, Mich. Rospert L. PLueEs.

Big Returns From A Solanum

“T want to tell you what I have accom-
plished with one Jerusalem cherry (Sol-
anum). I had given to me one poor sickly
plant with only one cherry on it. I decided
to nurse it and save the cherry and raise
plants of my own and not depend on
others. When the cherry was ripe I picked
it and laid it away. The plant I cut back
and put in the basement until spring.

This summer it grew to be a large bush
covered with red berries. The one cherry
I saved I planted in a small box which I
placed in my hot sash the first of March:
when the plants were large enough I trans-
planted them into my garden.

I found I had fifty plants from my one
cherry and I raised every one of them. I had
them in pots, fine large plants full of green
and yellow berries. I sold seven at 25 cents
apiece. I took orders for twelve more and
expect to sell them all. So I have already
made $4.75. The total profit will be $12.50.”

Cleveland, O. Mase J. Musser.

A Big Corn Yield

“T joined the corn club at school. The
agricultural college gave me the seed corn
and a ‘Boy’s and Girl’s Potato and Corn
Primer.’ The soil I selected for my work
was a moist, dark loam on a western slope.
The corn was planted May 27. I planted
eighty hills three feet apart, five kernels in a
hill and sowed thirty pounds of corn fer-
tilizer in the drill. The corn was culti-
vated four times and hoed by hand once.
The corn was cut and shocked the last of
September. The yield was three and one
half bushels of good corn.”

Marlboro, Mass. E. W. STRATTON.

Thirty-five dollars

realized on a 40 ft. square

Ten Acres Enough*— Chap. IV.

(Continued from December number, page 207)
Y PEACH-ORCHARD was no sooner finished
than I filled each row with raspberries, setting
the roots two feet apart in the rows. This enabled me
to get seven roots in between every two trees, or
5,056 in all. This was equivalent to nearly two
acres wholly planted with raspberries according to
the usual plan. They would go on growing without
injuring the peach trees, or being injured by them;
and when the latter should reach their full growth,
their shade would be highly beneficial to the rasp-
berries, as they thrive better and bear more freely
when half protected from the burning sun. The
tops were cut off within a few inches of the ground
thus preventing any excessive draft upon the newly
planted roots. No staking up was needed. These
roots cost me six dollars per thousand, or thirty-
four dollars for the lot, and were the ordinary Red
Antwerp. The season proving showery, they grew
finely. Some few died, but my general luck was
very satisfactory. I planted the whole lot in three
days with my own hands.

Tam sure the growth of my raspberries was owing,
in a great degree, to the deep plowing the land
had received. The soil they delight in is one com-
bining richness, depth, and moisture. It is only
from such that a full crop may be expected every
season. The roots must have abundance of elbow-
room to run down and suck up moisture from the
abundant reservoir which exists below. Deep
plowing will save them from the effects of dry
weather, which otherwise will blast the grower’s
hopes, giving him a small berry, shrivelled up from
want Of moisture, instead of one of ample size, rich
and juicy. Hence irrigation has been known to
double the size of raspberries, as well as doubling
the growth of the canes in a single season. Mulch-
ing also is a capital thing. One row so treated, by
way of experiment, showed a marked improvement
over all the others, besides keeping down the weeds.

Raspberries for Market

Ne A market fruit the raspberry stands on the
same list with the best, and I am satisfied that
one cannot produce too much. For this purpose I
consider the Red Antwerp most admirably adapted.
There are twenty other varieties, some of which are
probably quite as valuable, but I was unwilling
to have my attention divided among many sorts.
One really good berry was enough for me. Some of
my neighbors have as much as ten acres in this fruit,
irom which they realize prodigious profits. Like
all the smaller fruits, it yields a quick return to an
industrious and painstaking cultivator.

Immediately on getting my raspberries in, I went
twice over the six acres with the cultivator, stirring
up the ground some four inches deep, as it had been
a good deal trampled down by our planting oper-
ations. This I did myself with a thirty-dollar horse
which I had recently bought. Having eighteen
feet between two rows of peach-trees, I divided
this space into five rows for strawberries, giving me
very nearly three feet between each row. In these
rows I set the strawberry plants, one foot apart,
making about 10,000 plants per acre, allowing for
the headlands. I bought the whole 60,000 required
for $2 per thousand, making $120. This was below
the market price.

In planting these I got three of the children to
help me, and though it was more tiresome work
than they had ever been accustomed to, yet they
stood bravely up toit. It occupied us a whole week
to set out these plants, for we were all new hands
at the business. But the work was carefully done,
and a shower coming on just as we had finished,
settled the earth nicely to the roots, and I do not
think more than two hundred of them died. I
intended to put a pinch of guano compost or a hand-

* Copyright, 1905, by Consolidated Retail Booksellers.

ful of poudrette into each hill, but thought I could
not afford it, and so let them go, trusting to being
able to give them a dressing of some kind of manure

the following spring. I much regretted this omis-
sion, as I was fully aware of the great value of the
best strawberries, and plenty of them.

A Strawberry Deal

I FORGOT to say that I had planted Wilson’s
Albany Seedling. This was the berry for which
we had been compelled to pay such high prices
while living in the city. Everybody testified to its
being the most profuse bearer, while its great size
and handsome shape made it eagerly sought after in
the market. It was admitted, all things considered,
to be the best market berry then known. My
experience has confirmed this. True, it is a little
tarter than most other varieties, and therefore
requires more sugar to make it palatable.

The reader may have been all this time watching
the condition of my purse. But he has not been so
observant as myself. These plants did not cost me
cash. I had intended to plant an acre or two to
begin with. But after buying my peachtrees and
raspberries, the nurseryman inquired if I did not
intend to plant strawberries also, as he had a very
large quantity which he would sell cheap, which
seemed to imply that he found a difficulty in dis-
posing of them. Besides, the selling season was
pretty nearly over. I therefore fought shy, and
merely inquired his terms. This led to a long
colloquy between us, in the course of which I held
off just in proportion as he became urgent. At
last, believing that I was not disposed to buy,
although I went there for that very purpose, he
offered to sell me 60,000 plants for $120, and to
take his money out of the proceeds of my first crop.
This offer I considered fair enough, much better
than I expected; and after having distinctly agreed
that he should depend upon the crop, and not on me,
for payment, and that if the coming season yielded
nothing he should wait for the following one, I con-
fessed to him that his persuasions had overcome me,
and consented to the bargain.

In other words, I did not run in debt —I saved
just that much of my capital, and could make
a magnificent beginning with our favorite fruit.
As I was leaving this liberal man, he observed to me:

“Well, I am glad you have taken this lot, as
I was intending to plow them in to-morrow.”

“How is that?” I inquired, not exactly under-
standing his meaning.

“Oh,” said he, ‘‘I have so many now that I must.
have the ground for other purposes, and so meant
to plow them under if you had not bought them.”

This was an entirely new wrinkle tome. Though
a capital bargain for me, yet it was a still better
one for him. What he was to receive was abso-
lutely so much clear gain. But then, after all that
has been said and written, is it not a truth that
cannot be disputed, that no bargain can be pro-
nounced a good one unless all the parties to it
are in some way benefited?

Here, now, were six acres of ground pretty well
crowded up, at least on paper. But the strawberries
would never grow higher than six inches; the rasp-

249

‘sent me.

berries would be kept down to three or four feet.
while the peaches would overtop all. Each would
be certain to keep out of the other’s way. Then
look at the succession. The strawberries would
be in market first, the raspberries would follow,
and then the peaches, for of the latter I had planted
the earlier sorts; so that, unlike a farm devoted
wholly to the raising of grain, which comes into
market only once a year, I should have one cash-
producing crop succeeding another during most
of the summer. On the remaining three acres
I meant to raise something which would bring
money in the autumn.

Blackberries —A Remarkable Coincidence

N THE course of my agricultural reading for some
years previous to coming into the country, I had
noticed great things said of a new blackberry which
had been discovered in the State of New York.
It was represented as growing twenty feet high,
and as bearing berries nearly as large as a walnut,
which melted on the tongue with a lusciousness to
which the softest ice-cream was a mere circum-
stance, while the fruit was said to be strung upon
its branches like onions ona rope. A single bush
would supply a large family with fruit! I was
amazed at the extravagant accounts given of its
unexampled productiveness and matchless flavor.

I followed it —in the papers — for a long time.
At last I saw it stated that the rare plant could not
be propagated from the seed, but only from suckers,
and therefore very slowly. Of course it could not
be afforded for less than a dollar apiece! It would
be unreasonable to look for blackberries for less!
It struck me that the superior flavor claimed for it
must be a little of the silvery order — that in
berries bought at that price, a touch might be
detected even of the most auriferous fragrance.
Still, I was an amateur —in a small way. I re-
joiced in a city garden which would readily accommo-
date a hundred of this extraordinary berry,
especially as it was said to do better and bear
more fruit, when cut down to four feet, instead of
being allowed to grow to a height of twenty.

It thus seemed to be made for such miniature
gardeners as myself. One generous advertiser of-
fered to send six roots by mail for five dollars,
provided ten red stamps were inclosed with the
money. I had never before heard of blackberries
being sent by mail; but the whole thing was re-
commended by men in whose standing all confidence
could be placed, and who, as far as could be dis-
covered, had no plants to sell. Under such cir-
cumstances, doubt seemed to be absurd.

Testing a Novelty

SENT five dollars and the stamps. But this was

one of the secrets I never told my wife until she
had eaten the first bowlful of the fully ripened fruit,
eighteen months afterward. Well, the plants
came in a letter — mere fibres of a greater root —
certainly not thicker than a thin quill, not one
of them having a top. They looked like long white
worms, with here and there a bud or eye. I never
saw, until then, what I considered the meanest five
dollars’ worth of anything I had ever bought; and
when my wife inquired what those things were
I was planting, I replied that they were little veg-
etable wonders which a distant correspondent had
Not dreaming that they cost me near
a dollar apiece, at the very time I owed a quarter’s
rent, she dropped the subject.

But I planted them in a deeply spaded and rich
sunny border, deluged them every week with suds
from the family wash, and by the close of the season
they had sent up more than a dozen strong canes
which stood six feet high. The next summer they
bore a crop of fruit which astonished me. From
the group of bushes I picked fifteen quarts of berries

es

250

eK “GAR De EeN = Mi eas Ga Ace ZalN eR,

January, 1913

superior to anything of the kind we had ever eaten.
T then confided the secret to my wife; she considered
the plants cheap at five dollars, and pronounced
my venture a good one.

This was the New Rochelle or Lawton blackberry.
The numerous suckers which came up around each
root I transplanted along the border, until I had
more than two hundred of them. This was long
before a single berry had been offered for sale in the
Philadelphia market, though the papers told me
that the fruit was- selling in New York at half a
dollar per quart, and that the great consuming
public of that city, having once tasted of it, was
clamorous for more. ;

This extraordinary fruit was first noticed in 1834,
by Mr. Lewis A. Secor, of New Rochelle, N. Y.
who observed a single bush growing wild in an open
field, but loaded with astonishing clusters of larger
berries than he had ever seen, and of superior
richness of flavor. At the proper season he removed
the plant to his garden, where he continued to
propagate it for several years, during which time it
won the unqualified admiration of all who had an
opportunity of either seeing or tasting the fruit.
Numerous plants were distributed, and its prop-
agation in private gardens and nurseries began.
A quantity of the fruit being exhibited by a Mr.
William Lawton, it was named after him, leaving
the discoverer unrecognized.

This berry possesses peculiar merits in the es-
timation of market gardeners. It ripens just as
the supply of strawberries and raspberries has been
exhausted, and before peaches and grapes have
made their appearance, filling with delicious fruit
a horticultural vacuum which had long existed.
Its mammoth size and luscious qualities insure for
it the highest prices, and it has steadily maintained
its original character. It pays the grower enor-
mously, is a sure bearer, is never touched by frost
or attacked by insect enemies, and when well
manured and staked up from the wind, and cut
down to four feet high, with the limbs shortened
to a foot, will readily produce two thousand quarts
to the acre. Its flavor is entirely different from
that of the common wild blackberry, while it
abounds in juice, and contains no core. It has also
long been famous for yielding a most superior wine.

Planting the Increase

HEN I went into the country I had two hun-

dred of the Lawton blackberry to plant, all
which were the product of my five-dollar venture. In
digging them up from my city garden, every inch of
root that could be found was carefully hunted out.
They had multiplied under ground to a surprising
extent — some of them being as much as twenty
feet in length. These roots were full of buds from
which new canes would spring. Their vitality is
almost unconquerable — everybody knows a black-
berry is the hardest thing in the world to kill.
I cut off the canes six inches above the root, then
divided each stool into separate roots, and then
cutting up the long roots into slips containing one
to two eyes each, I found my number of sets to
exceed a thousand, quite enough to plant an acre.

These I put out in rows eight feet apart, and
eight feet asunder in the rows. Not ten of them
died, as they came fresh out of the ground in one
place, only to be immediately covered up some
three inches deep in another.

It was thus that I occupied my seventh acre;
but the rows being eight feet apart, abundant room
was left to raise a crop of some kind between them.
Even in the rows, between the roots, I planted corn,
which grew well, and afforded a most beneficial
shade to the young blackberries as they grew up.
I am satisfied they flourished better for being thus
protected the first season from the hot sun. When
in full maturity, they need all the sun they can get.
They will grow and flourish in almost any soil in
which they once become well rooted, though they
are rank feeders on manure. I had thus two
acres left unoccupied; one acre, as previously
stated, was most fortunately in clover. On
this I put four bushels of ground plaster mixed
with a sprinkling of guano, the two costing me only
five dollars. I afterward devoted an acre to
tomatoes, and the last to parsnips, cabbages, tur-
nips, and sweet corn. This latter was scattered

in rows or drills three feet apart, intending it for
green fodder for the horse and cow when the clover
gave out. The turnips were sowed between the
corn-rows, and were intended for winter feeding
for horse and cow. On the acre of blackberries,
between the rows, I planted cabbage, putting into
each hill a spoonful of mixed plaster and guano, and
whereever I could find vacant spots about the
place, there also a cabbage plant was set out.
A few pumpkin hills were started in suitable places.
In fact, my effort was to occupy every inch of
ground with something. The cabbage and tomato
plants cost me thirty dollars.

These several crops were put in as the season for
each one came round. The green-corn crop was
not all put in at one time, but at intervals about
two weeks apart, so that I should have a succession
of succulent food during the summer.

(To be continued)

Plant More Grapes!

OT only is a well trained grape vine a great
IN ‘addition to a garden, but it furnishes loads
of food, nutritious and wholesome, with the minimum
of care; it climbs trees, covers stone piles, is a splen-
did windbreak, does not demand the richest soil,
nor does it fret much over weather and climate.
Barnyard manure is the best fertilizer; and if the vine
is damaged it springs up readily and renews itself.

Up to 1850 we were at work mostly with the
Isabella and Catawba—foreign sorts. They
proved too tender for most of the Northern States,
and their seedlings did not equal the parents.
Then, almost, in a group, came the Diana, the
Concord, and the Delaware. Allen Hybrid was
the first of the white grapes worth noting; the
Clinton grape as a wine grape holdsits preéminence.

Then came Doctor Grant’s wonderful work;
after half a century, I do not believe a better
grape exists than Iona, only it is neither quite
hardy enough nor vigorous enough for vineyard
culture throughout the grape belt. The greatest
achievement, however, was in the fact that Concord
seedlings were very sure to be of value; frequently
of more value than the parents.

Then came the revelation known as Rogers
Hybrids. Several of these are holding their places
in the vineyard. If I were to select, I would take
Massasoit for early, Lindley and Gaertner for
mid-season and Herbert for late. To these you
might add Agawam, Wilder, and Salem. Herbert
is the parent of some of our very best recent pro-
ductions. All this while a lot of grapes were pass-
ing across the stage, like Martha, Wyoming,
Woodruff Red, Poughkeepsie, and better than all,

Walter. Mr. Campbell, who sent out the Delaware,
used the Walter in creating many of his best seed-
lings. However, only one of all his seedlings has
survived, Campbell Early. Delaware he did
not produce, but disseminated.

Where Brighton came from I do not remember,
but with pollination it is one of our very finest
achievements; without pollination it is very
nearly barren. Meanwhile, Worden had been
introduced as Concord. It closely resembles the lat-
ter, but is three weeks earlier, and while not so good
a shipping grape it is excellent for home use. Then
came a group out of New Jersey, no longer worthy
of discussion, except for Lady Washington and Jefi-
erson. Lady Washington carries enormous bunches,
but is too tender for our northern states. Jefferson
was not only the best of the crowd but is a mag-
nificent grape wherever it will ripen. It needsa long-
er season than that of Central New York. In this
it is like Golden Pocklington, which it far surpasses.

Mr. Moore of Rochester gave us Moore Early,
which is to-day worthy of heading the list, both
for the North and the South. Later he added
Diamond, a white grape of splendid quality, and
of general value from Canada to Florida.

I am passing over a large list, including such as
Jessica, Early Victor, Empire State and others
that were planted only to be plowed out. Niagara
is grown almost as universally as Clinton, and is
one of the very best both for home and market.

I am inclined to think that as matters stand
to-day, for a short list of home grapes, I would
plant Iona and Jefferson even in the North where
they must be protected during the winter. Niagara
and Brighton and Herbert would constitute a trio
unsurpassed of white, red and black grapes. A
longer list will have to begin with Hayes and Lady
Eldorado for a succession of most delicious white
grapes. These should be accompanied by Brighton,
Worden, Niagara, and Herbert. If you prefer Camp-
bell Early to Moore Early, of course plant it.
For rough care nothing stands equal to the old
Concord, and close after it Worden and Niagara.

The Scuppernong is the Concord of the semi-
tropical section. But I am satisfied with growing
Black Hamburg and Sweetwater out-of-doors
instead of the Muscadine family. The Pierce
grape is another magnificent affair in Florida,
loaded with bunches of large black grapes. The

little Duchess also, rather tender in the North, is
fine for the South. Niagara and Diamond and
Moore Early, with Clinton and Ives, and several
of the Rogers Hybrids grow and bear admirably
to the very limit of grape culture in the South.
Florida.

E. P. Powe Lr.

A vine like this will furnish you with all the grapes you can possibly eat i

JANUARY, 1913

THE GARDEN

VFA G SAR Z Ie NE, 251

Fertilizers.

High Cost of Living

sufficient emphasis has not been placed
n the possibility of every man holding
a partial solution of this grave question
in his own hands, of every consumer
being his own producer. At an expense
of a few dollars in seeds and fertilizers,

= a small plot of ground, even so small as
25 x 50 feet, mil grow all the vegetables an average family
will consume. During the summer half of your living ex-
pense is for the things that should come out of your own
garden. Latter day methods and higher quality of seeds
have made it possible to cultivate the small tract so that a
plot 25 x 50 feet with a reasonable amount of cultivation
and planted with seeds of high germination should supply
all the vegetables required by a family of six or seven.
You do not have to share the profits of your own garden
with jobbers, middlemen or retailers.

Health Insurance

It is a well established fact that, during the summer season,
fresh vegetables are a healthful, pleasant and desirable
substitute for meat, and, with the exercise in the open, are
a more positive insurance of health than any policy ever
written.

“Garden Guide and Record”

is a book of 68 pages of concise but complete cultural di-
rections and general garden information of every kind. It
contains in addition a new departure in nine pages of infor-
mation as to canning, preserving and drying of vegetables,
fruits, etc., selected for us by the world famous Mrs. Rorer.
We consider it one of the most valuable of our many
publications.

To get the above information and results
send for our catalogue

“Everything for the Garden”

is the title of our annual catalogue. It is a book of 212
pages, handsomely bound, with a beautifully embossed cover,
8 colored plates and 8o illustrations, most of them half-
tones, direct from photographs, showing actual results with-
out exaggeration. It isa library of everything worth while,
either in farm or garden.

Peter Henderson & Co. *xew vork city

1000% Profit

sounds like the wildest kind of a “‘Get-Rich-Quick”’ scheme but it is an
absolute and conservative statement of what has been and is being accom-
plished every year at an expense of a few dollars for Henderson’s Seeds and
In the present acute agitation of the

A Remarkable Offer of

Henderson’s Specialties

To demonstrate the superiority of Hender-
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the best we have, into a Henderson Collec-
tion, consisting of one packet each of the
following great specialties:

Ponderosa Tomato

Big Boston Lettuce

Scarlet Globe Radish
Henderson’s Invincible Asters
Mammoth Butterfly Pansies
Giant Spencer Sweet Peas

To obtain for our annual catalogue “Everything for
the Garden,” the largest possible distribution, we
make the following unusual offer: To everyone who
will mail us toc. we will mail the catologue and Gar-
den Guide and Record and also send our “Henderson
Specialty. Collection”? as above.

Every Empty Envelope
Counts as Cash

This collection is enclosed in a coupon envelope
which when emptied and returned, will be accepted
as 25c. cash payment on any order of one dollar or over.

PETER HENDERSON & CO.
35-37 Cortlandt St., New York City.

I enclose herewith roc.,-for which send catalogue
“Everything for the Garden,” “Garden Guide and
Record” and ‘“‘Henderson Specialty Collection” as adver-
tised in your special offer.

For information regarding railroad and steamship lines, write to the Readers’ Service

SS

252 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

JANUARY, 1913

How I Grew a Rose Bush from
a Slip

EE years ago a prominent boy’s magazine
announced a competition, in which a prize
was offered to the boy contributing the best article
on his own experience in growing roses. When the
prize winners were announced, the editor in a short
note stated that a certain manuscript had really
been the winning essay, but that the award had
not been made to its author because he had stated
that he had grown roses from slips which, said the
editor, was manifestly impossible. I had never
heard before that the growing of roses from slips
was impossible and was convinced that it could be
done.

One day, while visiting a friend, I happened to
see on his dining-room table a vase full of magnifi-
cent pink roses, with stems fully three feet in

ELWAY’S famous Hardy
Herbaceous Plants are modern
developments of the old English
favourites. The cottage “ Piny
Rose” has become the Pzony,
incomparable in form, colour and fra-
grance. The old-fashioned Larkspur
has developed into the stately blooms of

\ Ke lway’ Perennials "
; American Gardens -

KELWAY&SON

The Royal Horticulturists
LANGPORT ENGLAND

the Delphiniums; Gaillar-
dias, Pyrethrums and the
rest, all serve to bring back
the charm of the old-world
English garden. Special
care is taken in packing
plants to arrive in America
in good order, and they can
be relied upon to thrive with
a minimum of attention.

Full particulars and illustra-
tions given in the Kelway
Manual of Horticulture
mailed free on request to

KELWAY & SON

141-145 West 36th St., N. Y. City

Send — now — for a
copy of the Kelway

Book Free — and make
your Garden glorious.

The Readers’ Service will aid you in planning your vacation trip

length. I asked permission to take some slips and
having received it, I cut off several about a foot in
length. These I carried home with me and placed
in a glass of water where they remained for several
days.

I discovered an old starch box in the basement
which I filled with fine clean sand. Sand, I was
aware, had but a poor reputation for fertility, but
I knew it would absorb a great deal of moisture.
With a sharp knife I cut off squarely one end of
each slip; at the other I made a long diagonal cut
so as to expose as much of the heart-wood as
possible. Having wet the sand in the box before-
hand, I now inserted the sharp ends of the cuttings
to a depth of about four inches. Then I took a
stick and packed the sand about them as tightly
as possible, and set the box in front of a window
having a southern exposure through which the sun
shone for the greater part of the day.

Every morning and afternoon thereafter I moist-
ened the sand, applying as much water as it would
absorb. After each wetting I packed the sand
down tightly about the stems. After two weeks
the upper ends of the stems began to brown and
die, but the lower portions remained green. For a
little over four weeks I was assiduous in my care
of the slips, and then one morning I pulled them
out of the sand, and found to my delight that roots
had already begun to sprout and were over an inch
in length. The roots seemed to have come out
around the edges of the cutting, between the bark
and the heartwood.

It was the middle of March when the slips were
started and the first week in May when I trans-
planted each individual cutting to a separate flower
pot. I filled each flower pot with a rich black
loam mixed with about one third sand, the sand
to keep the rich soil from being too heavy and
sticky when wet. In transplanting I kept a ball of
sand around the roots and perhaps for this reason
the growth of the roses was not in the least retarded,
nor did they show any signs of a temporary wilting.
For a month or two after placing them in the pots
all three roses grew and began to assume the
appearance of real rose bushes. Then some sort
of a disease seemed to affect two of them, and, in
spite of my efforts to save them, they died. The
other one I transplanted into the garden, in the
pot, about the middle of June. This one flourished
remarkably and one morning, the latter part of
July, I found upon examining it the beginning of a
rose bud.

After this first attempt I made a good many
experiments, not only with roses but also with
carnations. The latter, for some reason, I found

JANUARY,

1913

Selecting
the Choicest

that’s what we have done

for over sixty years. We

have bred tomatoes foryield

and quality until we now

have strains with unusual
characteristics. We evolved

sorts for all purposes and for all

tomato growing sections. Early

or late, scarlet or purple, tall or

dwarf, flat or round, we havegood kinds

of all classes. Test “near-perfection” in
tomatoes in the sorts supplied through the following offers.

Livingston’s Globe-Shaped Tomatoes
possess everything that is required in quality, size and shape.

Globe is the finest purple fruited tomato evolved to date. Hoy round,
solid, of superb mild flavor. Pkt. roc.

Hummer is a medium sized, very early scarlet of perfect

“globe” shape. Bears fine clusters. Pkf. roc.

Coreless is the most perfect shaped scarlet late sort.

Large, solid fruits of delicious quality. Pkt. roc.

One packet each of all three sorts for 25c postpaid.
Superb Catalog Free
Its 130 pages contain many helpful culture a
directions, while nearly 300 illustrations ag :
from photographs make it a trust-
worthy guide to dependable
varieties and seeds. Honest
descriptions will help you to
form a correct opinion of things
offered. Let us mail you a free
copy.

The Livingston Seed Co.

181 High Street, COLUMBUS, OHIO

Success in Your Planting Opera-
tions Depends Largely Upon

the Quality of Stock Used

We have ready for spring delivery,
several millions of young conifers
both in Seedling and Transplant
Grades. If you want Nursery stock
for Reforesting, Underplanting or
Lining out in nursery rows write
us at once.

Our Stock is Native Grown, Strong
and Hardy, and Will Give
the Results Desired

Catalog sent on request

The North Eastern Forestry Company

New Haven, Connecticut

Seed House
Willsboro, New York

Nurseries
Cheshire, Connecticut

ible 1B, (Gr aN 1 1D) aay

MAGAZINE 2

OW WOULD you like to decorate your table or give as a gift to
a friend a pot full of lovely LILY of Valley as shown in picture
here? You can have them just as fine. The photo for this pic-
ture was sent us bya pleased customer who had grown them in
our prepared MOSSFIBER. It takes only from 21 to 24 days
from time of planting to have the Valleys in perfect flower. You can
see them grow from day to day until a
mass of silvery white bells glisten and
nod amongst the delicate green of the
foliage. And such sweetness of perfume.
TRY IT. The results will DELIGHT
you. We send “FULL DIRECTIONS
HOW TO SUCCEED with GROWING
VALLEYS” in every order.
We furnish ‘‘delivery paid.’’
6V. alley pips and fiber to grow them, $ “35
2 fo}

A Bargain Offer for Tae

3 MAMMOTH Named Hyacinths your
choice color

6 MAMMOTH Named Hyacinths your
choice color

12 MAMMOTH Named Hyacinths your
choice color

3 Magnificent Trumpet Narcissus

2 “ “ “

12 each Hyacinth and 12 Narcissus. $1.35-
Delivery free. Will all flower for Easter.

Our 1913 Garden book will be ready by
January fifteenth. It will contain a FULL
list of all Novelties in Vegetable and
flower seeds as well as all known varieties
of bulbs, plants. Will be profusely
illustrated, and well worth sending for.
It is FREE. Send forit at once. Address

H. H. BERGER & CO.

70 Warren St. New York City

-Gregory’s Seeds and Catalog
Help to Better Gardens

Honest Seeds ”’
We are constantly working to produce still better seeds which will
Many fine strains and types of the most
Large acreages of
Beets, Carrots, Corn, Squashes, etc., are grown annually on our own farms.

For over half a century we have supplied * to American
planters.
make gardening more profitable.
important vegetables were orisinally introduced by us.
“

and constant watchfulness at
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Careful cultivation, critical ‘“ rogueing”’
seed crop time put Gregory’s ‘‘ Honest Seeds

Make Your Garden Yield More

Plant some of our selected strains and see how much better they bear.
What they bear is of superior quality and seeds cost no more! Try

Keeney’s New Kidney Wax Bean, large, May King Lettuce, none better for early
handsome, stringless pods. outdoor culture.

Edmand’s Beet, Gregory’s strain with fine, Chalk’s Early Jewel Tomato, the home
delicate roots. garden sort for all. 7

Lucullus Swiss Chard, the ideal summer Hutchinson Carrot, Gregory’s, a heavier
spinach. cropper than Danvers.

Any packet of these six typical “Home Garden” vegetables for 5c;
the collection of 6 for 25c, postpaid

Inst: tive Tells planters how to secure best results by giving
Catalog FREE explicit cultural directions. More than hundred

new illustrations from photographs will help you to form correct ideas of
what we offer. Dependable descriptions and fair prices for ““ Honest Seeds ”’
should make you wish for Gregory’s Garden Guide, which will prove of, val-
uable assistance in the planning and planting of your garden. Please ‘ask
for your free copy on a post card to-day.

J. J.H. GREGORY & SON
901 Elm St., , Marblehead, Mass. 2

The Readers’ Service gives information about investments

Kirkland 5

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dbeeblh 5G:

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JANUARY, 1913

much more difficult to start than the former. I
found, too, that the soil used in starting cuttings
made a great deal of difference. Sand was by far
the best, as it absorbed a great deal of moisture and
was easily packed tight about the stems without
becoming sticky or caked. Rich black soil was
very good after the roots had become well started
and were strong, but to place the slips directly into
such soil I found to be disastrous. The cuttings
had to be kept damp and when this was done the
rich soil became sticky, and in a few days the
slips were covered by a mould, which generally
caused the stems to rot.

When sand is used to start the roses in, it should
always be packed tightly about the base of the
stems; otherwise, even if the roots do start, they
soon die for lack of soil from which to get a proper
amount of nourishment. Before placing the
cuttings in the soil it is well to dip the tops in
melted paraffin for when this hardens it prevents the
wasteful escape of moisture from the stems through
the exposed ends. The roots once started, the
leaves soon begin to sprout and any time after that
the rose can be transplanted into the ses

Minnesota. Orto F. LANGE.

Planning Now for Next Season

LAN
and vegetables the coming season.
grow something just a little better than any of

now to grow more and better flowers
Try to

your neighbors. Remember but few things aid
so much in beautifying either a city or country
home as a pretty flower garden.

Dahlia seed can be sown now in hotbeds. Get
the best grade of seed. I have planted dahlia
roots, but one has to be very careful or frost will
kill them.

Be sure to plant more garden and sweet peas
during the month. And give the sweet peas lots
of attention and good culture.

The farmer who expects to be short on feed should
sow more oats now; they can be grown more
cheaply than almost any other feed crop, except
peas for hay, which cannot be sown yet. Wheat
can also be sown now although it is a little late.
Oats and wheat are two of the best feeds for poultry,
and it is much cheaper to grow these for that pur-
pose than to buy them. Many southern farmers
make the great mistake of not planting enough small
grain crops.

Fruit and shade trees can still be set out. Don’t
forget to plant some fig trees; they can be grown
to perfection here. Figs are delicious when freshly
picked, or when made into preserves, jams, or dried
and packed in sugar.

Tomato, eggplant, and pepper seed should be
sown in hotbeds at once for the earliest fruit.

Continue to plant white potatoes in the Lower
South.

Carefully read the planting table on page 245
of this issue of THE GARDEN MAGAZINE.

It’s a good time now to look over seed and garden
tool catalogues and select what you want for the
spring and summer. Also make a study of the
different fertilizers. Much money is wasted on
fertilizer in the South by not getting the sort suitable
for soil and crop. Most farmers buy only one or
two sorts of fertilizer for all crops. A fertilizer
containing 8 or ro per cent. phosphoric acid, 2
per cent. nitrogen and 2 per cent. potash is mostly
used for all crops, especially cotton. A little test
will show that a fertilizer containing 5 or 6 per cent.
phosphoric acid, 3 per cent. nitrogen and 4 per cent.

—$—$—$——— EEE

JANUARY, 1913

The Most Complete
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ELLWANGER & BARRY

Mount Hope Nurseries
Box 55 Rochester, N. Y.

AN INVALUABLE FREE BOOK

Write for a copy of
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a copy at once.

Vick’s = Guide

FOR 1913 IS READY

Larger and better than ever. Several
splendid new varieties. For 64 years the
leading authority on Vegetable, Flower
and Farm Seeds, Plants and Bulbs. You
need it before you decide what kinds to

plant. Send for your copytoday. Itisfree.
JAMES WICK’S SONS, Rochester, N. Y.

-62 Stone Street The Flower City

PHE GAR D EN

MAW Gee Au Zale as

A book of business information for everyday
use at your elbow for 25 cents

THE

Business ALMANAC

AND

INVESTORS’ GUIDE

For 1913

Compiled by
HARRY E. MAULE

AND

J. R. MERRIAM

HE BUSINESS ALMANAC” for 1912 had an unqualified

success.

For 1913 it is brought up to date, revised and

enlarged to meet the heavier demand of the investing public.
Facts and information every business man must have ready

to lay his hands on, are brought together here.

is full of explanations of the

The book

fundamentals of investment, so

little understood by those seasoned in the practices of putting
money out on interest, and of which the inexperienced investor

knows nothing. The following

A

A Financial Calendar.

A Glossary of Technical Terms.

A Primer for Investors; Classification
of Investments; various’ types,
bonds, stocks, mortgages.

General Points on Investment.

Some Intimate Investment Points.

Dividend Table, showing rate of Givi-
dend paid by the leading securities.

What the Public Utility Commission-
ers are doing.

Insurance Stock as an Investment.

gives some idea of the contents:

Insurance for Every Need.

High Cost of Living and Price of Bonds.

Technicalities Every Man Ought to Know.

Investment Bankers’ Association.

How Money is Lost by Lying Idle.

General Statistics, Wall Street Records,
Crop Records, Bank Records.

Postal Rates.

Population Tables.

History of a Decade.

Service Coupons.

Record Blanks for Investments.

You wiil find it an indispensable business help

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RHODES DOUBLE CUT

in all styles and sizes.

Ay orders.
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HE only pruner

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HE, GA RS DereN

NEW YORK, U.S.A.

City of the United States

The Chief
EW YORK is many cities piled

into one; in it will be found the
characteristics of the homes and work-
ing places of many nationalities; in

it you will find the flavor of the old

colonial days; also the most modern
features of the present day. Yet
pervading all is the spirit of New
York unlike any city in the world.

F. HOPKINSON SMITH

IN HIS

Charcoals of New and Old New ork

has caught the very spirit of the city he loves so well. His pictures done in
charcoal and wonderfully reproduced, have put in black and white the things
you have always felt about the skyscrapers, the bridges, the fine old buildings,
the crowded streets of the foreign quarter, and the historic places of the old town.
His text gives the reader a point of view that he never has had before. It
makes one think of certain passages in “Colonel Carter of Cartersville”’, it is so
full of sentiment and humor.

If you are fond of New York this book will warm your heart.

If you have doubts about the city, this book will make you an
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If you want a friend to really appreciate our greatest city send
him a copy.

Anticipating the ultimate appreciation of the value of this superb work, Himebaugh & Browne of 415 and
516 Fifth Avenue, New York, have purchased the entire De Luxe edition.

SEE IT AT YOUR BOOKSELLER’S AND OUR BOOKSHOP IN THE PENNSYLVANIA STATION, NEW YORK.
Twenty-two Drawings and the accompanying text tell the story of New York.

Cloth, decorated, 23 illustrations by the author, net $5.00.
De luxe edition, signed by author, net $25.00.

Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.

New York

For Liquor and Drug Users
has

A scientific treatment which

treatment which has stood the severe test of time.

Institutes only.

To

For full particulars write

the Following Keeley Institutes:

Oklahoma City, Okla., 918 N. Stiles st.

Philadelphia, Pa., 812 _N. Broad st.

Pittsburgh, Pa., 4246 Fifth ave.
allas, Tex.

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M AIGA Za Nee

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JANUARY, 1913

potash is much better for cotton on the average
soil.
House plants should be carefully looked after

now. See that they get plenty of water but not
too much.
Georgia. Tuomas J. STEED.

A Word of Explanation

E HAVE received the following communi-

cation from Mr. Adolph Kruhm, author of
“How to Buy Nursery Stock”? which was published
in the October, 1912, GARDEN MaGazInr. There
are always two sides to every argument and, when
we can, we are glad to present them both to our
readers, as in this case:

To THE Epirors:

I have read with interest Mr. Fred Haxton’s
criticism of my article in the December magazine,
and it is my desire to justify myself and my article
in the eyes of your readers.

I know from practical experience, of THE GARDEN
MacazineE for nearly eight years, that the readers
of THe GARDEN MAGAZINE are just as particular
about the price and just as tight-fisted as the men
who read the poorest kind of mail order maga-
zine, because the latter often spend money
foolishly while Tar GARDEN MAGazINE readers
will carefully consider and let the price rule them
every time.

In regard to the English Morello cherry; it has
slender trunks with many fibrous roots, but this

| is such a small exception that I did not consider

it worth while mentioning it in an article constructed
along the broad lines of my article. But who ever
heard of cherry being budded on Morello stock?
The man who does it is either trying a new stunt,
or he doesn’t know any better. Mahaleb grown
from pits of sour sorts and Mazzard grown from
pits of sweet cherries are the only stocks used for
budding cherries.

The criticism contained in the fourth paragraph
of Mr. Haxton’s letter is warranted, since I should
have made it clear that my talk referred more to
ornamentals than to fruit trees. I know that
fruit trees are never transplanted in the nursery
row.

There is absolutely nothing more important than
the caliper measure of a tree. When all transac-

| tions between wholesale nurserymen and _ retail

nurserymen, and between retail nurserymen and
private planters are governed by the caliper stand-
ard of measurement, purchasers will get better
fruit trees. Most nurserymen are honest, and the
practice of cutting back the heads of inferior trees
to grow them for larger caliper and sell them as
two-year old trees when they are really three years

| old, is a “sharp” practice to which most good
| nurserymen will not resort.

Three-year old trees
are always plainly marked as such, except perhaps,
where stock of this kind is ‘‘palmed”’ off on a local
trade or used to fill an agent’s order. That kind
of matter does not belong in THE GARDEN MaGa-
ZINE, since it is not uplifting the standard. Why
should you tell people that misusages exist about
which they had better remain ignorant?

It is unfortunate that more one-year old trees
are being called for every year. But only once in a
while will there be a block of one-year old trees
that will safely stand transplanting. The reason

| for one-year old trees gaining in popularity is be-

cause the public is looking for bargains and cheap
trees. The man who advocates the buying of
one-year old trees has usually more than he can
use in the ordinary run of business. Many people
will buy a great lot of one-year old trees when half
that number of good two-year old ones would do
them much more good. But this opinion will not
hold good for the man who has more one-year old
trees than he has any use for.

Finally, I want to say that no article of any
consequence has ever been written that will not be
picked to pieces by some of its readers. My
article, if taken seriously by honest nurserymen,
will really help to raise the standard in that line of
business. If I have stepped on somebody’s toes
that shows that there must have been some truth
in what I said.

Ohio. ADOLPH KRUHM.

For information regarding railroad and steamship lines, write to the Readers’ Service

JANUARY, 1913 THE GARDEN MAG AYZ TNE 957
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INSIST ON CYPRESS AT YOUR LOCAL DEALER’S. IF HE HASN’T IT, LET US KNOW IMMEDIATELY |

Leading Druggists sell it.
Accept no Substitute !

Sample sent on receipt
of six cents in stamps.

Lanman & Kemp
135 Water Street
New York

“It Requires Less Attention

—than any piece of machinery I ever handled,’ said Mr. D. M. Rogers,
Corning, Ohio, after using a ‘‘Reeco’’ Water Supply System for over 5 years.
You forget that the ““Reeco”’ System is ‘‘machinery’’—it’s so easy to operate
and care for.

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Write for Catalogue ““U”’ to nearest office “Reeco" Centrifugal Pump

RIDER-ERICSSON ENGINE Co. Ne eal PLO: Bee eee cniedclpbie

Tf a problem grows in your garden write to the Readers’ Service for assistance

TE GAC Re Dae

MAGAZINE

JANUARY, 1913

SPRAY

ana Get Biggest
Crop Profits

Write for our Free Book on the new way of
spraying. Learn how to banish blight, dis-
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its! Free book tells how to accomplish these
things in less time, with less work and just
half the solution needed with other sprayers.

BROWN’S
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—just the thing for all spraying such as small trees,
potato fields up to5 acres, vegetable gardens, berry
patches, shrubbery, poultry houses, etc. Four gallon
capacity, hand-power with non clog nozzle that throws
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Requires least pumping. Boy can outwork two men
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powerful, efficient, durable. We manufacture sprayers
of every style and capacity for every purpose, fitted
with Brown’s Non-Clog Atomic Nozzle. Largest line
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300,000 fruit growers, farmers, gardeners and lead-
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Brown’s Auto Spray. Get low prices
Write today. Satisfaction or
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THE E. C. BROWN CO.
34 Jay St., Rochester, N. Y.

DAIRY FARM

SAUSAGE

The making of good country sau-
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we make it out here in the country

by the same old-fashioned methods we have used for
twenty-five years. We use young. milk-fed pork
bought from our neighbors—not shippe >d from far
points—home ground spice s and salt. The result is
real, good country sausage It couldn’t be any-
thing else.

Your grocer should be able to supply you.
can’t, we can express fresh sausage direct anywhere

If he

in Uni States or Canada,
will gl: tell you all
about our genuine

If you will write, we
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and delicious farm products,

MILO C. JONES, Jones Dairy Farm
Box 635 Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin

in

and Currants
Tree Form

Gooseberries

AVE you ever tried growing gooseberries and
currants in standard or tree shape? I have
| them planted three to six feet apart alang a walk
| and my reward has been extra large and sweet fruit.
All the English and European varieties will grow
here as standards, but will generally be a failure
if grown in bush form. The standard form will
induce less wood growth, the nourishment to the
crown being transmitted by one stem only and
it permits of easier spraying, uniform ripening of
fruit and easier picking.

Standard gooseberries and currants are generally
grafted or budded on the strong growing wild
American currant, Ribes aureum. This wild cur-
rant is propagated from cuttings about a foot
long, of one-year old wood, the lower end under and
the upper end over a bud. In early spring I
plant the cuttings in good garden soil mixed with
one-third coarse sand, and set them in a slanting
position with the upper bud about one inch above
the ground. During the hot, dry summer months
cover the ground with a mulch of lawn clippings
or strawy manure. Two or three canes will

aaa

u

ve ube

IPOEPRARS REE
‘se
a4

a

Gooseberries and currants may be successfully grown
in standard form if grafted on the native currant
usually develop from each cutting; remove the
weaker ones when about eight to twelve inches
high. The strongest cane is tied and trained to a
bamboo or heavy wire rod and all leaves and
growth on the lower half removed during the
growing season, producing a cane from four to
six feet high and one quarter to a half inch in
diameter. Any canes that have not grown to
this size will need another year’s grow th before
being grafted. Do the grafting in spring when
growth starts. Whip grafting is the most suc-
cessful, but buddmg is also practised, especially
on weak canes. Use only the very best English
and European varieties of gooseberries and cur-

The Readers’ Service gives information about insurance

Trinidad’ Lake asphalt

idad Lake asphalt

For real endurance

You who really want your roof wa-
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Trinidad Lake Asphalt is ang
ture’s s everlasting water proofer’”’,
and we use it to
make Genasco.

Mineral or smooth surface.
Ask your dealer for Genasco.
} Write us for the Good Roof
Guide Book and samples—free.

The Kant-leak Kleet,
for smooth surface roofings,
does away with cement in laps,
and prevents nail-leaks.

The Barber Asphalt Paving Company

Largest producers of asphalt and largest
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FIELD FORCE PUMP CO.
48 Eleventh Street, Elmira, New York

EAUTIFUL Plants de-
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E combine Strength & Dur-
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Pots, Boxes, Vases, Sun-
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shown 727 our Catalogue
which will be maile
upon reguest.

| GALLOWAY TERRA COITA ©),
3214 WALNUT ST. PHILADELPHIA

January, 1913 MY IBC Ie GARDEN MAGAZINE 259

FARMING sy wait

Poultry, Truck, Fruit
Flowers, Gen. Farming, etc.

Why not learn right at home some line of modern Scientific
Farming? Our Faculty of 23 experts of national reputation J
teach General Farming, Truck Farming and Vegetable Gar-
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Profit, Small-farm Course, Bee-keeping, Dairying, Stock Farm-
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Journalism, Greenhouse, Mushrooms, Ginseng, Traction
Engine, etc. Which Course Interests You ?

VALUABLE BOOK FREE
“How to Make the Farm{Pay More”

Shows a way to more profit for the farmer, and a safe way out for the
city man. Gives farming facts that will interest you whether you are a
farmer or not. It explains how we te farming by mail, successfully, in |
every state in the Union and many fe n lands.

Excellent course in Truck Faro by Prof. L.H. Bailey. Strong f
course in Poultry, equal to any agri ral college course, by Dr, A. A.
Brigham. Flowers for pleasure or{profit even on a city lot. Bee-keeping jj
by Prof. E. R. Root, etc. Wonderful possibilities for increasing your
income simply by using your spare time. Valuable consultation De- §
partment free to students.

Just the opportunity you have been wanting —to learn at home. Free
sample lesson on request. Write now. (No land to sell. No agents.)

American Farmers School sifnnoe tone tex, |

(Original, largest Correspondence School of Farming)

NO ODOR N

Guaranteed under the Insecticide Act, 1910. Serial No. 321.
Save your plants and trees. Just the thing for green-
house and out door use—destroys Mealy Bug, Brown and
White Scale, Thrip, Red Spider, Black and Green Fly,
Mites, Ants, etc., without injury to plants and without odor.
Used according to directions our standard Insecticide will
prevent ravages on your crops by insects. 3

Non-poisonous and harmless to user and plant. Leading
Seedsmen and Florists have used it with wonderful results.

Destroys Lice in Poultry Houses, Fleas on Dogs and all
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16 Pint - - 25c;_ Pint, - - 40c; Quart, - - - 75c;
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10 Gallon Can, $17.50
Dilute with water 30 to 50. parts

For Sale by Seedsmen and Florists’ Supply Houses
Ifyou cannot obtain this from your Supply House, write us direct

Lemon Oil Company
Dept. L. 420 W. Lexington St., Baltimore, Md.

Country Life In America

is all you could desire, if you use

“ECONOMY” GAS

For Lighting, Cooking, Water Heating,

Laundry, etc.

“It makes the House a Home’’

Write today for circular.

Economy Gas Machine Co., Rochester, N. Y.

“Economy”’ Gas is Automatic, Sanitary and Not Poisonous

GET THE BEST
A good spray pump earns big
profits and lasts for years.

THE ECLIPSE

is a good pump. As prac-
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invented the Eclipse. Its success
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Send for illustrated circulars and state what you are interested in.
E. F. HODGSON CO., Room 311, 116 Washington St., Boston, Mass.

Plant for Immediate Effect
Not for Future Generations

Start with the largest stock that can be secured! It takes many years
to grow many of the Trees and Shrubs we offer.

We do the long waiting —thus enabling you to secure Trees and Shrubs that
give an immediate effect. Send for price list.

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WM. WARNER HARPER, Proprietor
White = The man

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“The Adventures of Bobby Orde”

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knowledge of human nature than any of his big novels of the lumber woods and of adventures by sea and land.
He has gone straight to the heart and motives of the normal healthy child, and that is why, while it is the

story of a boy, it is very much a story for grownups and will appeal inerringly to every man who has not

forgotten his queer impulses, his bashfulness’and his devoted friendship and little chivalries while he was himself

a boy.” —Grand Rapids Evening Press.
Illustrated. Fixed price, 1.20 (postage 12c.) egestas

“The Rules of the Game”

“Tt is full of adventure, and has a climax of absorbing interest.””—St. John Globe.
Illustrated. Fixed price, $1.40 (postage 15c.)

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‘The Cabin’ is gotten up in the style that charms one utterly before the first page is read, and the illustrations
make you feel perfectly wild to be up and away to the Sierras.” —Lexington Herald.

Illustrated. Net, 1.50 (postage 15c.)

GARDEN CITY Doubleday, Page & Co. NEW YORK

Routes, time-tables, and all sorts of information obtained through the Readers’ Service

260

THE GARDEN MAGAZINE

JANUARY, 19138

Should a Married Woman—

Be absolutely dependent upon her husband financially? Has she the right to a
portion of his income legally set aside in her name in return for the part she
bears in the home?

Should she be helpless to prevent her husband from mortgaging home and
lands when she does not approve of the expenditures ?

These are some of the problems which are discussed in

The Wind Before the Dawn

By DELL H. MUNGER

Eight Jllustrations in Colors By THOMAS FOGARTY
At all Book Shops. Net $1.35

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO., GARDEN CITY, NEW YORK

E shall use the Grasshopper as a symbol of
this story because one of the most thrilling

chapters tells of the great plague which sweeps
like a storm cloud across the Kansas _ prairies.
Whenever you see the Grasshopper think of this.

2 =A SS ee:
Spraying Will Make Your Trees
Bear Better, Bigger Fruit

The good fruit you find in the market—that brings fancy
prices—is all sprayed fruit. A sprayed tree is a healthy tree.

Spray

Pumps

are made in many sizes. They work effectively
under high pressure, and they last. Ask us for

catalog and valuable spraying calendar.

THE DEMING COMPANY, 115 Depot St., Salem, Ohio

Manufacturers of Hand and Power Pumps for All Uses

Favorite Flowers
Yielding a Wealth of Blooms

5 Packets FREE

To get our beautiful Spring Catalogue to as many

~ Rigid Main Frame
Forged

lovers of flowers as possible, we will mail you five Es
packets of the well-known varieties: Joseph’s Coat of CROPS Hard-
Many Colors, Snap-Dragon, The Golden Coreopsis, eae

Giant Larkspur and Mixed Four-o’clock, and our cat-
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address and FIVE cents in stamps to cover mailing.

The catalogue contains all the Flower and
Vegetable novelties for 1913, and much reliable
information explaining in detail how to plant.
One million packets will be distributed this year.
May we add your name to our list ?

WM. ELLIOTT & SONS

Est. 1845
42 Vesey Street New York

Scientific AY
tillage — i
makes large —F
You can grow bumper

crops every year by

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They are intensive tillers—They are makers of bumper crops. This is because

Ask your dealer to show youa CUTAWAY. Write us for Catalog.

Cutaway Harrow Co. 902 Main St., Higganum, Conn.

2 = —
crops almost certain. Pea gtanns OaUnLC ACTION HARRY
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they pulverize the soil finer than other harrows. Let us tell you how they do it,
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_ OLD COLONY,
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Guaranteed by the largest makers of silverware.

INTERNATIONAL SILVER CO., MERIDEN, CONN.

Successor to Meriden Britannia Co.

CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO

Send for
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NEW YORK

The Readers’ Service is prepared to advise parents in regard to schools

rants for cions. During the summer the cions
will develop into small bushy heads, but care should
be taken to pinch back any strong shoots, to rub
off all buds that show on the canes and cut out
all suckers that start from the roots.

Late in the fall or early spring the trees should
be transplanted to their permanent location and
securely tied to stakes. The best soil for goose-
berries and currants is a rich deep leafmold, mixed
with coarse sand; select a partly shaded place,
sheltered from strong winds. White currants also
do well in a sunny position.

Pinch back strong growing branches in summer
and thin out any crossed or very old wood in
winter to keep the trees in good health and shape.
The gooseberries and currants are sometimes
attacked by the larve of the currant worm, which
defoliates the trees in a few days. A thorough
spraying with 1o per cent. kerosene emulsion or a
solution of arsenate of lead (one pound to 25
gallons of water), or a mixture of both, will quickly
kill the worms. The kerosene emulsion will also
check any fungus growth, such as leaf spot and
mildew, if applied as a preventive.

I have grown the following varieties and have
developed large and well ripened fruit; currants,
White Bar le Duc (almost seedless), White Dutch,
White Grape and La Versailles (red); and the
May Duke, Lancashire Lad and Keepsake goose-
berries.

Missouri. Rupbotr JANICKE.

Using Sawdust as a Fertilizer

INES perhaps, to the wonderful variety of
exotic plants, the most striking thing about
gardening in Southern California is the prevalent

use of wood sawdust and shavings. This material
is usually put on in the spring, used as a mulch
during the summer, and dug into the ground in the
fall, to provide humus for the next season.

The condition of the soil and climate there are,
of course, entirely different from those of the East.
The soil generally contains more or less alkali,
the term being broadly employed to cover sul-
phates, carbonates and chlorides of soda, potash,
magnesia and lime. The soil is, on the whole,
sandy, but generally carries a certain amount of
adobe or clay. The rainfall is light, averaging
(here in San Diego) less than ten inches. Ninety
per cent. of this falls between December and March,
inclusive, while generally more than three quarters
falls in February and March. During the rest of
the year, with the exception of morning and even-
ing fogs, the daylight hours are one continual feast
of sunshine. The winter rains appear to leach
fresh quantities of alkali from the underlying
bed-rock each year; this, together with the adobe
of the soil, when baked by the summer suns, forms
an almost impenetrable crust — it is an everyday
sight to see people gardening with a pick. The
only way to keep the soil in a friable, workable
condition is to charge it heavily with humus.

For my first year’s garden in Southern California,
I had dug into the soil what, from eastern ideas, I
thought was a liberal allowance of stable manure;
besides this, the weeds and grasses were turned
under. Within a couple of months after the rains
had ceased, I saw I had been altogether too spar-
ing. The soil was baking on the surface, and it
was impossible to keep it moist or workable. On
examination, there appeared to be no sign of the
manure in the soil; the alkali seemed to have
acted as a solvent and completely decomposed it.
I had hollyhocks that by actual measurement were
over sixteen feet high, cosmos nine feet, and other

JANUARY, 1913 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 261

Cullen’s Genuine

Rocky Mountain Columbine

The State Flower of Color-
ado. Hardy Perennial. The
flowers are three inches or
morein diameter. The outer
ee petals are long, deep blue,
; center of flower creamy

The Big City Buyers are Looking } aN yy, ape white, perfectly exquisite.

° Rs H Grand for bouquets. See
For Holmes’ Big Boston Lettuce ||| (RE gaa Se See photograph. Seed pkt., 100.

Gardeners around New York and Philadelphia have built up a big trade

’
on certain varieties of lettuce, and grow many acres— but they can’t supply Cullen’s Colorado Grown

the demand. City buyers are always looking for the best truck to supply the fi Flower and Vegetable Seed,

market. The home-grown crop is never large enough to furnish the big i a ae Bulbs, Plants, Roses, Grape
city markets with all the vegetables they require. ; Vaneen rill : Tarte mene
Ss, S,

Holmes’ Eclipse Holmes’ Improved F and Ornamental Trees.

Big Boston Lettuce Big Boston Lettuce KS a Grown at an altitude of one

ane iS the first time we beve offered peed A selection from the old type of He Hos: ; mile high, they have more
of this Lettuce to home gardencrs, for the ton, and next to our “‘Eclipse’’ is the best ive : i SER *

truckers took about ali we could grow — but seller among all the Big Bostonstrains. The V itality and are hardier than
this year we have a fair amount of select heads are of uniform size, large and solid; out- low land orown.

r912 seed. This variety makes an ideal head, er leaves green, inner leaves and heart cream Gp. sD 3 5
solid and compact as a cabbage. The outer color. The leaves are tender, free from bit- pp glad 12 by tn 9 Oxelarnnc
leaves are deep green, while the center leaves terness, and will not turn red. The seed we x

and heart are a rich buttery yellow. No offer is grown in France, and we import it ¥
question about it —the finest type of Big direct from the original grower. The genu- 3 5 Cullen’s Velvet Lawn Grass Seed
Boston on the market. Sold only under our ine Improved Big Boston lettuce seed is sold Photograph of Cullen's Genuine x
seal. Special price to gardeners, packet 10 only under our seal. Market gardeners’ price, Rocky Mountain Columbine Best on Earth. Quart 35c, Postpaid.

cents, ounce 4o cents, } Ib. $1.25, lb. $4. packet ro cts., ounce 4octs., } lb.$1.25, lb.$4. We off d f h b ful fl f th Rocky M
e offer seed of the most beautiful native flowers of the Rocky Mountains
Holmes’ Handbook of Tested Seeds epee paren aa
This book is the real seed catalog of the year. It is packed full of mat- CS LSS
ter that will interest gordeners and truckers everywhere. Send us a postal e
for free copy — we will forward it by return mail. Martin J. Cullen
ESTABLISHED 27 YEARS

Holmes Seed Company, Dept. 124, Harrisburg, Pa. 4572 Wyandot Street Denver, Colorado

They succeed everywhere

\

The 1913 Berrydale
Berry Book is Ready

New throughout — full of berry pictures, inspiration and guidance.
Only facts are given in the book and it is free. Nothing else like it
printed in America. There’s a chapter on my experimental work;
another on my money-making ideas for every farmer or anyone who
can command a garden; and a third giving true descriptions of new
berries that soon will be as widely grown as Baldwin apples.

Macatawa Blackberry and Giant Himalaya Berry

Macatawa is a new Blackberry — introduced this year. Berries more than three
inches around, the largest ever known, and as good as they are big.

The true Giant Himalaya withstood last winter’s extreme cold and made a wonderful
fruiting record. You should sce the pictures I took last summer.

I ama Berry expert, and want to be your friend. I will tcll you how to make your
orchard or farm or garden pay more than you ever imagine it could— write today
for book and full particulars

A. MITTING, Berry Specialist
BERRYDALE EXPERIMENT GARDENS, Garden Avenue, Holland, Michigan

HIS book is a proof of our interest

in all the problems which confront

the man who wants a garden, be
he amateur or professional with acres
or a plot of grass to work on.

Dreer’s Garden Book

is our seventy-fifth anniversary gift to anyone who grows
flowers or vegetables. It contains the accumulation of

, seventy ive years of experience, and lists only tested yari-
ip TE LIVRES “DS eties of all the old-time favorites, as well as the dependable
ayy: \ ata x \ novelties in flowers and vegetables. It also contains cul-
Worn ae - My < tural articles written by experts, has 288 pages with photo-
1042p 0" S OPR OSE SSN reproductions 0 I I i :
C04: n 8 BO CLO ets} -\\\ / p neach page, four color and six duotone plates.
GXCeeS ete 1: °
Sac Re” Sioa. Dreer’s Diamond Jubilee Garden Book
oe PA 3 eC ALE: . A Te
: ae = d, OEY is not just a catalog—it is a book of valuable information.
£e AR ODES: “06
Mae n Oe ,) SESH : Sent free to anyone mentioning this publication.
Gat Pen) We
Or © ec eon?
ae. Oa)
Cand? ae
WED) |

If a problem grows in your garden write to the Readers’ Service for assistance

262

DP HE GARD ane

A New O. Henry Book
ROLLING STONES

By O. HENRY

HIS book will be a real treasure of
discoveries to that steadily growing
legion of readers who find in O. Henry

what they are looking for.

It contains material that has been buried
in obscure attics for years, records of his early
briliant work that were so thoroughly lost
that he, himself, had forgotten them.

In this volume is a sheaf of a dozen letters,
written early and late in his life, and full of
his qualities; half a dozen hitherto unknown
photographs of the man; and some quaint pen
and ink and wash drawings from the young
artist, who in his twenties, spent what time
he could in caricaturing the population of
Austin, Texas. Among the contents are verses,
light and of ambitious aim, ten short stories,
some of which are entirely unknown; and
part of the whimsical contents of this paper,
“The Rolling Stone,” copies of which had
been lost for years.

This is the last of twelve volumes that com-
plete O. Henry’s works. The name “Rolling
Stones,” is derived from the paper.

Cloth illustrated net $1.20, also included in
O. HENRY LEATHER EDITION. The

twelve volumes in full flexible red leather, each,
net, $1.25.

LIMITED MANUSCRIPT EDITION. Con-
taining sheets of original manuscript bound in.
Each copy will be numbered, and imprinted
with the name of the purchaser. Price upon
application.

At all booksellers and The Book Shop, Pennsyl-
vania Station, N. Y., after January 15th 1913

r

See Tom and the dog.

Will Tom hurt the dog?

Oh, no! Tom will not hurt
the dog.

Tom will give the dog a bite

to eat.

Every one knows O. Henry the
writer, but few knew his gift for
making cartoons as laughable as
the above picture, which is re-
produced with several of its kind
in the new volume. He drew
and commented upon every-
thing from life in Austin, Texas,
to the trials of an author.
These pictures are humorous
and enjoyable.

GARDEN CITY DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO. NEW YORK

No more danger or damage from flying
sparks. No more poorly fitted, flimsy fire-
place screens. Send for free booklet
“Sparks from the Fire-side."’ It tells about
the best kind of a spark guard for your in-

dividual fireplace. Write to-day for free
bookletand make your plans early.

The Syracuse Wire Works

107 University Avenue, - Syraense, N.Y.

Many Styles
Cheaper than wood, lasts longer and more ornamental.
to users at manufacturers’ prices. re
The Brown Fence & Wire Co., Dept. 95, Cleveland, Ohio

CE TTT

ll
HI l
estoper an tshi cae canbe teers:

LAWN AND FARM FENCE Low Prices
Write today for cae erseunaire

We grow a general line of Nursery
required in this Northern latitude.

Stock; everything
We spend our time

M ANG AY Zar NGS

JANUARY, 1913

things in proportion! It was absurd. The place
was a veritable jungle, yet all around it was nec-
essary to use a pick to break the soil.

Since using sawdust, all this has been changed.
The soil is friable, easily worked, and holds moisture.
I get along with half the quantity of water, and
things grow to their natural proportions. The
plants that require large quantities of nitrogen,
phosphoric acid, or potash, are fed with chemicals
containing those substances; but, owing to the
nature of the soil and the large quantity of humus,
plants seem to demand less nitrogen and phosphoric
acid.

Things flourish in the most astonishing way.
To give some idea of the abnormal growth, a scarlet
passion vine (Passiflora manicata) that I planted as
a little, 18-inch vine twenty-two months ago, is
now covering sixty feet of wire fencing; seeds of
Eucalyptus globulus, planted at the same time,
eve grown into trees twenty to twenty-five feet

igh.

It has occurred to me that, while, at the present
time, the use of sawdust and shavings is typical
of the Southwest, it might, under some circum-
stances, be worth trying in the East. While
staying at a farm house in Nova Scotia, some years
ago, my host told me that in one of his fields, the
soil of which was largely clay, he had been unable
to grow anything. Finally, in exasperation, he
spread six inches of sawdust on the surface, and
plowed it in. He was the laughing stock of the
neighborhood, at the time, but, as he explained, the
field was no good, anyway, and he could not make
it worse. He allowed it to remain fallow for a
year, and then sowed it to oats. Since that time,
he averred, he has raised a number of different
crops, and it always comes out the banner field of
the farm!

California. F. H. Mason.

An Instance of the Mendellian
Law

WO years ago, my wife purchased some white
beans, such as are used for baking. I selected

a number and planted them. When I came to
gather the crop, to my amazement more than 25
per cent. were jet black. Last spring, the black
ones were planted —no white ones at all —be-
tween the poles for the lima beans. On gathering
the crop, about 60 per cent. were pure white and
much larger than the black beans that were planted.
Some of the black beans had also been planted
fully fifty feet away from any other kind of beans,
with the same results as to color.

My opinion of this is that the former must

have hybridized with the limas in order to produce
larger white beans; but did the latter planting
revert to the original white color? Has anyone
ever had any similar experience?-— Witiiam H.
Ivins, Pennsylvania.
— (This experience with the beans is a clear illus~
tration of the Mendellian law. Gregor Mendel
himself used peas as the basis of his experimental
work and worked out the law of definite results in
hybrid generations in the color of the grains just
in the same way as you have run across it in beans.
Peas and beans being closely allied, we expect to
find manifestations alike. The Mendellian law
shows in general that characters ere reproduced
in the succeeding generations in definite ratios;
that, for instance, if you hybridize a black and a
white bean you will produce three groups of hybrids.
Of these three groups, two groups, or 66 per cent.
roughly speaking, will look alike. Let us assume
that they appear black. The other one-third or
33 per cent. will be white.

If you sow the black hybrids again you will
find the same general ratio will, in succeeding
generations, gradually bring out pure bred whites
from one half of the original 66 per cent., while the
other half of the 66 per cent. remains constantly
black. These are referred to in scientific language
as dominants and recessives.

and money growing the best stock possible, and very little It is a very interest-
in advertising it. We have always depended upon satis-

fied customers to do our advertising and have never been

disappointed. Send for our catalog and price list. (Me Saree ees |

The Bay State Nurseries, North Abington, Mass.

ing study and if you will carry your researches any
farther we would urge you to read a wonderfully
interesting book entitled ‘‘Mendelism,” by Pro-
fessor Punnet. This has many illustrations and
diagrams and is as fascinating as any romance.—
Tue Eprrors.)

The Readers’ Service is prepared to alvise parents in regard to schools

JANUARY, 1913

THE

GeASke Dh N- MANG AVZ IN: E 26¢

You and your family can en-
joy the luxury and protection of
running water. No more tramp-
ing through the snow onawinter’s
morning to reach the well or

spring. No more big risk of fire. The water
can be right on tap in the house or barn ready

for instant use.
HOW?

By putting in one of the 300 different pumps
made by us you can have a private water-
works system as good as a city’s at practically
no expense. The first cost is small—the
upkeep is nothing.

represent the highest type of hand and power pumps.
The power pumps can be connected to gasoline engines,
ete. Made by the world’s largest manufacturers of
pumps for every service, they are built to give satis-
faction over a long period. Staunch and solid con-
struction, best materials and perfect mechanical details
are the distinctive features of Goulds Reliable Pumps.

Get Our Book
“Water Supply for the Country Home”

It is beautifully illustrated and packed with good
suggestions for every farmer wishing running water
in his house, barn and outbuildings.

Don’t put up with any old inefficient water

system. Write for our free book and learn

how you can_ save

work, time and money

by installing a Goulds

pump built especially

for your requirements.

The Goulds
Mfg. Co.

82 W. Fall Street
Seneca Falls,
New York

“Largest Manufacturers of
Pumps for Every Service”

Send for the
Free Book Now!

Use KEROSENE Engine Free!

Amazing “DETROIT” erdsene Engine il |
ay

shipped on 15 days’ FREE Trial, proves ker-
osene cheapest, safest, most powerful fuel. If
satisfied, pay Jowest price ever given on relia-
ble farm engine; if not, pay nothing. No waste,
no evaporation, no explosion from coal oil.

Gasoline Going Up!

Gasoline is 9c to 15¢ higher than coal
oil. Still going up. Two pints of coal
oil do work of three pints gasoline.

Amazing “DETROIT”

— only engine running on coal oil suc-
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three moving parts—no cams—no ~ a.
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ready to ship. Engine tested before crating. Comes all ready to
tun. Pumps, saws, threshes, churns, separates milk, grinds feed,
shells corn, runs home electric lighting plant. Prices (stripped),
$29.50up. Sent any placeonrsdays’ Free Trial. Don’t buy an en-
gine till you investigate money-saving, power-saving “‘DETROIT.”’
Thousands in use. Costs only postal to find out. If you are first in your neigh-
borhood to write, you get Special Extra-Low Introductory price. Write. (138

Detroit Engine Works, 229 Bellevue Ave., Detroit, Mich.

Let Wagner embower your home

|

with flowers and shrubs

Let him study the special requirements and the special possibilities of your home grounds.
Let him advise you as to how you can secure the utmost beauty and delight from your garden.

}

Let us have your plans all worked out in advance so that we can deliver to you the very
plants best adapted to your needs. If you have an unsightly vista to hide, we will select
heal the trees and shrubbery that will form the best screen in the shortest possible time. If
: you have a garden walk to adorn we will indicate precisely what hardy plants you should
( choose with the assurance of greatest satisfaction. Your roses and annuals, your shade
trees and evergreens will be selected with careful and discriminating understanding.

When planting time arrives you will receive the sturdiest, healthi-
est and most perfect plants, packed with intelligent care and in
such manner as to insure their arrival in perfect condition.
Wagner experts will plant them for you if you so desire.

Write today for our book, “Plants and Plans for
Beautiful Surroundings.” Authoritative, fully il-

lustrated and descriptive of the Wagner plants and
service. It is free.

Wagner Park Nursery Co.

Box 709 Sidney, Ohio

A BOOK FOR FRUIT GROWERS

Beautiful trees and perfect fruit are a source of satisfaction and profit to the
owner, and whether you have a few trees, or several hundred, they should receive
intelligent attention.

“The WHY and HOW of ORCHARD SUCCESS”

is a beautiful new book full of valuable information. It will be of great help to
you. Send for it today. Only 50 cents postpaid.
Our big Catalogue of Spraying Machinery is FREE upon request.

FIELD FORCE PUMP COMPANY 503 Grand Avenue, Elmira, N. Y.

An instructive 64-page
illustrated catalogue

FRE

Brimful of what you want to know about the labor-lightening, time-saving feat-
ures of the most economical and efficient agricultural implements ever invented —

lanet Jr

[No.4] Planet Jr Combined Hill and Drill Seeder, Wheel Hoe, Cultivator,
and Plow sows seed accurately and works quickly and thoroughly.

Planet Jr Double Wheel Hoe, Cultivator, Plow and
Rake works both sides of plants at one passage, until crops are 20
inches high. Indestructible steel frame and steel leaf-lifters.

Send postal today for the catalogue!

SL ALLEN & CO Box 1108S Phila. Pa.

The Readers’ Service gives information about insurance

264

i Hen (Grease D eheN

M ASG PAG ZAIN TE:

JANUARY, 1913

London,

SEEDSMEN BY ROYAL WARRANT
HIS MAJESTY KING GEORGE vy.

seeds.

lection,
A copy of this Catalog
is reserved for you.
Please write for it.

can

Now Ready for Distribution

The 1913 Catalog of
England,
vegetable seeds and other products of which we are
sole distributors in the United States and Canada.

(Gren
NGLISEH

are standard throughout the World.
they have achieved results not equalled by any other
Their excellence is due to pedigree, careful se-

cleaning and _ preparation,
thorough testing.

PATTERSON, WYLDE & COMPANY
104 Chamber of Commerce Building, BOSTON, MASS.

The prices in this catalog are Ameri-

Messrs. James Carter & Co., of
listing their flower, grass and

TESTED
CCAS

In this country
and to most
Money

prices in American

Are the best grown, hardiest and freest blooming.
them. More than y years of experience is back of them.

Little care is required to grow
Dingee Roses are un-

equalled for beauty, vigor and growth — always grown on their own roots — the only way

a rose should be grown.
a special plan, explained in our book,
greatest Rose book ever published, entitled

DINGEE ROSES

There is no other book about Roses that compares with it.
in colors. Contains 86 pages.

No matter where you live, we prepay all express
and guarantee safe delivery.

or, New Guide to Rose
Culture for 1913. It’s Free.

charges under
Write today for the

y illustrated

Gives special prices and tells all 4

Dingee Roses — nearly 1000 kinds — and all other desirable plants and seeds and sow

grow them. It’s free. Send for your copy today.

THE DINGEE & CONARD CO., Box 137, awicey Grove, Penna.

TO Glass houses

Charles Dingee, the
Most Wonderful Hardy
bnerica Garden Rose Grown

Destroy Tree Pests $21, un Pee Bee

and other enemies of vegetation by spraying with

2GOOD SsorssFISH OIL

SOAP NOS

Does not harm the trees—fertilizes the soil and aids
healthy growth. Used and endorsed by U.S. Dept. of

Agriculture Our valuable book on Tree and
a FREE Plant Diseases. White for it today.
JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 931 N. Front Street, Philadelphia

and finest new dahlias, described in FREE catalog
GY. VAN WAVEREN & KRUIJFF
American Branch House, 140 N. 13th St., | hiladelphia

Moth
Proof

Chest

Ideal Gift
for the

Home

Free Trial

Piedmont
Red Cedar
Chests make finest
birthday, or wedding

gift. Highly decorative and
ful. Protect Furs and Woolens from

Factory
Prices

d Damp. Write for 56 eae Freight
illustrate wing all designs, sizes anc .
prices. Write today—NOW Prepaid

Piedmont Red Cedar Chest Co., Dept. 19, Statesville, N. C.

ILLETT’S

Hardy Ferns and Flowers
For Dark, Shady Places

Send for my descriptive catalogue
of over 50 pages, which tells about
this class of plants, It’s freee

Edward Gillett, Box F. Southwick, Mass.

We have one of the finest stocks anywhere

Peon ies in the country and should be very glad to

figure with you on your list of wants.
Send for up-to-date price list on all varieties.
PETERSON NURSERY, Stock Exchange Building, CHICAGO

Mention The Garden Magazine when you write.

MADE-TO-ORDER RUGS

To harmonize with any color scheme. ‘‘You select the colors—we'll make
the rug.’ Any length. Any width —seamless up to 16 feet. Write for
color card. Order through your furnisher.

THREAD & THRUM WORKSHOP, Auburn, New York

GEORGE H. PETERSON
ROSE AND PEONY SPECIALIST
Box 50. FAIR LAWN, N. J.

Evergreen windbreaks mean more comfort and less
heating. Out in the full force of thirty-mile breezes, your house
cannot be comfortable. Learn how to make it so by reading
Hill’s Planter’s Guide. Free if you write at once.

THE D. HILL NURSERY COMPANY, Inc,
Douglas Avenue Dundee, Illinois

The Readers’ Service will give information about automobiles

Some Observations of Unfamiliar
Trees

NE of my most agreeable floral memories
of Paris at her best — the season when you
hardly know whether to call it late spring or early
summer — is the laburnum trees. No doubt it
is idle for gardeners of the northeastern part of this
country to dream of duplicating such fine speci-
mens as these, or the laburnums of Scotland that I
have heard so much of but have never seen. That
is no reason, however, why the possibilities of the
laburnum should not be made the most of in the
section mentioned: and they are not, by any means.
For two springs I have been on a laburnum still
hunt. It was not to satisfy an old longing to own
a tree; I did that in short order by having one
tagged in a nursery last year for delivery the fol-
lowing spring. What I wanted to find out was,
whether there were not more laburnums around,
and if so, in what conditions they were doing as
well, or better, than reasonably was to be expected
of a tree with no great reputation for hardiness.

The finest specimen that I ran across was in a
park — a tree twenty or twenty-five feet high and
admirable not only for its beauty in full flower
but as an example of safe as well as effective plant-
ing. It had a complete southerly exposure and
almost sank into the protecting arms of a large
maple, with a dogwood at the right. Of course,
looking at the tree as an individual, its natural
beauty of form was marred; but, on the other hand,
there was the needed background of green for the
myriads of long golden racemes, the laburnum
foliage being rather thin at blooming time, not to
mention the inestimable advantage and protection
from the dangers that are wont to come out of the
north. Certainly it presented a picture worth
spending years to create. This was on western
Long Island. The next best tree that I found was

The laburnum needs a good background. Here it
is planted with a maple behind

FRUITTREES

January, 1913

AP Jel 1d Gr AN 1 1D) JO a

MAGAZINE

Most Delightful and Health-
ful of Hobbies is One of
Our Glass Enclosed Gardens

T SEEMS there is a subtle something about this
growing of plants and flowers in a greenhouse that
is so diverting, so stimulating, that your bothers

and cares are forgotten. There is something so akin
to getting back to nature in it, that your physical
nature promptly responds by starting to build you up.

This is the experience of greenhouse enthusiasts
over and over again.

Another strong argument in a greenhouse’s favor
is the pleasure it makes possible for all those
around you.

Wouldn’t you like to know the approximate cost
of just such a house as the one above ?

In answer to your request for it, we will include
one of our catalogs showing several other houses,
some one of which may be even more to your liking.

Hitchings & Co.

800 Louisa Street, Elizabeth, N. J.
New York Office, 1170 Broadway

FERRYS SEEDS

Ferry’s Seeds prove their worth at
harvesttime. After over fifty years
of success they are pronounced
the best and surest by success-

ful planters everywhere.

Your dealer sells them.

1913 Seed Annual free
on request.

D. M. Ferry & Co.
Detroit, Mich.

LRRAAAAAAN

Buy Hicks Quick Growing
White Pines:

+e Bed ub

\ y*

HEY will grow two to three feet in a
year. When small they have a beauty
and symmetry all their own. When

given room to spread, they develop into fine

big broad specimens full of dignity and
character.

For landscape effects they are the king of
evergreens. For evergreen wind breaks
White Pines are the best, because their broad
dense foliage masses of fine needles stop the
wind. We have them in all sizes from six
inches up to twenty-five feet high. Splendid
specimens every one of them. Plant them
now and avoid the delays of the spring rush.
Frost makes no difference—it really helps.

Come and pick them out or order from the
catalog we will send you.
Special price on carload lots.

ISAAC HICKS AND SON
WESTBURY, LONG ISLAND

LET ME SEND YOU MY FREE BOOKLET

ye

Describing a full list of varieties with prices. Also INSTRUCTIONS FOR PLANTING AND CUL-
TURE of STRAWBERRY, RASPBERRY, BLACKBERRY, CURRANT, GOOSEBERRY and GRAPE
PLANTS; also ASPARAGUS and RHUBARB ROOTS.

All Stock Warranted First-Class and True-to-Name or MONEY REFUNDED.

C. E. WHITTEN’S NURSERIES BOX 10, BRIDGMAN, MICHIGAN

at Half-Price

We sell best quality fruit trees, shrubs and plants at one-half the
nursery agent’s price—and pay the freight. All stock is northern
grown, hardy and healthy. All orders guaranteed.

GET THIS FREE BOOK NOW

Tells just what you want to know about selecting, plant-

ing and growing all nursery stock. Contains a big list

of unequalled bargains. Don’t buy until you've read
this book. Send postal today. 5

Rich Land Nurseries, Box 198, Rochester, N.Y.

Wonderful Fall-Bearing

Strawberries
: CA

ghout the Winter
BY USING

BONORA|

1 the greatest Fertilizer in the World. A f
ittle goes a very long ways. Your plants
will look fresh and healthy in the spring.
BONORA is recommended and en-
!1 dorsed by Luther Burbank, John Lewis
| Childs, Dingee & Conard and many
others. BONORA is a plant necessity.
Order direct or through your Seed

Dealers.

| House Plants Bloom Throu

THE GREATEST DISCOVERY ) |

GREATEST DISCOV Fruit in fall of first year and in spring and
RESP

fall of second year. Big money maker !

500 plants set in May yielded from Aug. 23
to Nov. 11 nearly 400 quarts which sold
for 25c per quart. The past season (1912)
we had fresh strawberries every day from
June 15 to Nov. 15! We are headquarters for

Strawberries and Small Fruit
Plants of all kinds

Big stock of best hardy varieties at very low prices. Plum
Farmer, Idaho and Royal Purple Raspberries, also Black-
berries, Gooseberries, Currants and Grapes. 30 years’
experience. Catalogue free.

L. J. FARMER, Box 329, Pulaski, N.Y.

Borns Cuemicat Co.

. Put up in Dry Form.
Hew Yorn
584 Baoao™ay.

1lb. make 28 gallons, postpaid, $ .65
Bile, 140 by express 2.50
rolbs. ‘* 280 Bs 4-75,

Bonora Chemical Co. SEAN, BEY

Your copy of our new Catalog is waiting
to be mailed to you. Shall we send it ?

J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY
The Factory of Precision Dept. 281, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

Dried and Pulverized

——

m Load:

ae

SS

Unequalled for
for interesting booklet and prices,
THE PULVERIZED MANURE CO., 19 Union Stock Yards, Chicago

Largest 2a Stock of
Hardy Plantsin America

Catalogue on Application
ELLIOTT NURSERY

How to Grow Fruit FREE

Write today for our book—more than a catalogue. Tells what to plant in your locality. How to
plant, how to trim, spraying, as well as giving you the choicest varieties of apples, peaches, cherries fi
and other fruit —all ‘“‘Wood Quality” stock. Cost you about half agents’ prices. We sell direct [iim
only. We will send this book absolutely free. Not the biggest book, but one [
you can depend on. Don’t fail to write for a copy. Return mail brings it.

WOODLAWN NURSERIES, Allen L. Wood, 628 Culver Road, Rochester, N.Y.

JOHN T. WITHERS, Inc.

Landscape Architect and Forester
Tree Renovation by Expert Operators

Jersey City, N. J.

| Montgomery St.

PiTTsBurG, Pa.

THE G A ROD ESN

MAGAZINE

JANUARY, 1913

Whenever any perplexing problem arises in the beautifying of your home grounds, remember that you can secure
the service plus of America’s nurserymen by simply addressi ing your request for information to Thomas
Meehan & Sons, Germantown, Philadelphia.

State your problem, we shall answer fully and frankly—back of our answer will be the wealth of practical informa-
tion gathered by a deep rooted organization, 58 years old, drawing upon an inexhaustible fund of experience in all
parts of the country. An organization that knows your needs because it has practical men personally studyiug the
conditions in your section, who assist in the selection of trees, shrubs,
evergreens and perennials that they know are best suited.

The Meehan Catalog is authentic, accurate and so definite in its
statement of sizes that it makes easy the selection of trees and really
hardy plants for your grounds. Butit cannot cover the

A limited number of

Rare
Historic

English
Elms

from such historic points of England and Scotland
as Tower of London, Stirling Battlefield,
Cambridge University, Eli Cathedral and
Litchfield (Home of Samuel Johnson), etc.
are now offered for the first time to the American
public.

Not seedlings, but actual living wood “from the
famous old elms grafted to roots of the common
English elm.

A full list of these historic trees, with description,
terms of sale and price—sent on request.

rare, unusual plants that give
your property individuality

—many of which are gathered from the far corners of the earth,

and thoroughly proved out in our own nurseries before being offered
for public sale.

These items are more largely covered in our 1913 Specialty Book
“H,” free on request.

The Meehan shipping service assures better delivery to distant

points— we ship all over the world.

If you have a new property, less than an write for our

SPECIAL PROPOSITION at once.

Thomas Meehan & Sons cermanteon, Phila.,Pa.

acre,

Most rugged, hardiest Roses in America. Plant them and make your
Rose Garden a success. New Castle soil best adapted to Rose growing
—hence our big success in growing healthy, vigorous Rose bushes.
They carry all the strength and vigor of New Castle soil.

Wegrowand sell all best varieties of Roses, also Hardy Perennials, Shrubs,
Plants, Bulbs, Flower and Vegetable seeds. Safe arrival guaranteed.

ROSES OF NEW CASTLE$—free

Our 1913 edition, most famous rose book published. Profusely illustrated

in colors—highest authority on rose culture. Gives all necessary

informaon: lan your Rose Garden now—send for this great book—
s free—write today.

HELLER BROTHERS C0., Rose Specialists, Box121, New Castle, Ind.
TRAWBERRY PLANTS Biltmore Nursery

Ornamental Shrubs, Hardy Plants, Deciduous and Evergreen Trees,
Interesting, helpful, informing catalogs sent upon request.

BOX 1432 BILTMORE, N.C.

a
Guaranteed as good as grows at $1.00 per 1000 and up.
Catalogue Free.

ALLEN BROTHERS, R. 2, Paw Paw, Mich.

YF,

The greatest cultivating tools are

yy ) aq
IY )
y AN)
ye ane r
They do the work of 3 to 6 men—quicker, better, cheaper. ‘They

put old-time methods ‘‘out of business’? wherever used, because they can’t
compete with Planet Jr labor-, time-, and money-savers. Made light, yet
strong and durable by a practical farmer and manufacturer with over 40

years’ experience. Every tool guaranteed.
o. 8] Planet Jr Horse Hoe and Cultivator is a wonder of scientific work,
) than any other cultivator. Plows toand from row, hills, furrows, etc.
all steel wheel, discs and plow attachment, zew this year.

|No. 25] Planet Jr Combined Hill and Driil Seeder, Double Wheel Hoe,
Cultivator and Plow has automatic feed-stopping device, valuable seeder index and
%. complete set of cultivatorattachments. Indestructible steel frame.

FREE Q An instructive 64-page
e

illustrated catalogue!
It describes 55 tools for all uses. Write postal for it today.

SL ALLEN & CO
Box 1108 S Phila, Pa

ee:

better
Can be equipped with —

a fifteen-footer that stood on the south side of a
Connecticut house, with plenty of morning sun but
shaded later in the day by the branches of a tree high
overhead. Thus placed it had the double advant-
age of complete development of form and adequate
protection against summer’s heat and winter’s cold.
The most laburnums I saw on thenorth and south
shores of the easterly part of Long Island and all
apparently doing well, though none was very large.
Because of the moisture in the air and other climatic
conditions, I fancy that the tree takes to Long
Island better, perhaps, than any locality within a
radius of a few hundred miles. One tree overhung
an old gate with excellent effect and most had
complete, or partial, protection from the north.
Some isolated trees on lawns were good to look
upon, but I rather fear for their injury or demise
in years to come. Besides the laburnum does like
some shade.

There are laburnums and laburnums, and here
I confess to being puzzled — as I was when first
I failed to find them in a nursery catalogue under
the letter L. They are Cytisus nowadays and
whether I have been observing C. vulgare or C.
alpinum I do not know. The common laburnum

The North American papaw. showing the curiously
trilobed. chocolate-colored blossoms, which develop
before the leaves

is the Cytisus Laburnum of Linneus and has the
popular names of golden chain and bean-tree. It
is a native of Switzerland and other parts of Europe
and its maximum height is given as fifteen or
twenty feet. The Scotch laburnum is C. alpinum,
which grows as high as thirty feet, has longer ra-
cemes, a little later blooming period than the other
and the reputation of being hardier. One authority,
however, says alpinum is the hardier and that vul-
gare is ‘‘almost hardy in Massachusetts.”’ Parks’s
golden chain, listed as Laburnum Watereri and L.
Parksi, is a small horticultural variety that is
claimed to be nearly as hardy as the Scotch.

I paid a dollar for a good, lusty five-footer, but
small trees of vulgare and alpinum may be had as
low as fifty cents. Parksi costs a dollar and a half
for a four-foot tree. It is better to begin with a
height of five or six feet and get a little bloom a
year or so after planting. At the most it is not
much to pay for even beauty in the making. That
is the way I look at it; and if, in years to come, I
cannot truthfully quote from “I remember, I
remember”’ the familiar laburnum line, ‘‘That
tree is standing yet,”’ I shall at least be able to look
back on a garden experiment that was distinctly
worth while.

For two springs also I have been observing a tree
that is still more rare in the north: so far I have
found it only in one spot, suburban New York.
This is the papaw (Aszmina triloba).. Its normal
range is north to New York and west to Kansas
and Michigan, but it has been known to prove
hardy in J Massachusetts and even so far north as
Ontario. The specimen referred to has had no

JANUARY, 1913

Start Planning
That Garden
Now

Ho“ did your garden pan out last year?

Weren’t there some things you
wished you had planted—more Giant Pan-
sies or some of those wonderfully colored
Spencer Sweet Peas?

Did some of the seed you planted, with
great expectations, fail you?

Why not send right now for our

1913 Garden Guide
and run through it?

It is full of ideas.

There is no element of chance on the
seed, for they are absolutely first quality
selected.

Lots of the varieties are prize winners—
seed from which we have on hand.

They’re all shown in the Guide.

Shall we send it? Where?

ARTHUR T. BODDINGTON
340 West 14th Street New York City

The Model Support For

Tomatoes, Chrysanthemums
Dahlias and Carnations

Over 3,000,000 in Use

Write for catalogue on Lawn and
Flower Bed Guards, Tree Guards,
Trellis and other garden specialties

“For sale by all the leading seed houses’”

IGOE BROTHERS

a 67-71 Metropolitan Ave. , Brooklyn, N.Y.

Vigorous Growth

of all Plants

200 One to
BISCUIT Quart of
50 CENTS Water
BY MAIL FreeSample

EASTERN CHEMICAL COMPANY
BOSTON

i HR GeAgk Der N

One of the Complete Kewanee Systems

MAS Ga AW Zi leiNe

HE Kewanee is the original and superior air pressure water system.

plete and durable, originated, designed and every part made in our own factory.
Kewanee Systems are made in all sizes, any power, any capacity, ready for instant
installation and service. The whole Kewanee System is installed out of sight according to
studied specifications of your particular problem so that success is absolutely assured.

The Kewanee is “the Quality that Wears vs. Trouble and Repairs.”
are in use today in country homes, farms, public and private institutions and everywhere
© where water and fire protection are needed.

Ask your plumber about the Kewanee System. He
will furnish and install it.
ment is at your service for free consultation, specifi-
cations and estimates,

If interested in water supply, ask for 64-page catalog "‘B,’’

Kewanee Water Supply Company, Kewanee, III.
New York City

It is simple, com-

Kewanee Systems

Our engineering depart-

Chicago

There's Money
In Strawberries.

Yes, sir, there’s big money in
them if you start with the right §
kind of plants—the sure grow kind.

Baldwin Plants

are alllarge and healthy. They are northern
grown, have heavy roots and are fully guaranteed.

Read Our Guarantee
All plants are guaranteed to be first-class and true
to name, packed to reach you in good condition, (by
express) and to please you, or your money back.
This same guarantee applies to our Raspberry,
Blackberry, Currant and Grape plants, Seed Potatoes, ff
etc. Send for our new big catalog now. Get started.

0. A.D. BALDWIN, R. R. 19, Bridgman, Mich.

Write
‘for Catalog of
Guaranteed Fruit Trees

Guaranteed true to name—well rooted and
hardy—free from_ disease —one-half tree
agents’ prices. WE TAKE ALL RISK IN
SHIPPING, and guarantee arrival in good
condition. Nota dissatisfied customer last
year. Freight paid on orders of $7.50 and
over. All varieties, fresh dug from the
soil. Rapid growers.

WRITE TO- Day for handsome, Hs

WM. P. RUPERT & SON,
Box 95,
Seneca, N. Y.

FLORICULTURE

Complete Home Study Course in practical Floricul- /49
ture under Prof. Craig and Prof. Beal, of Cornell
University.

Course includes Greenhouse Construction and
Management and the growing of Small Fruits and
Vegetables, as well as Flowers Under Glass.

Personal Instruction. Expert Advice.
250 Page Catalogue Free. Write to-day.
THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL

Dept. G. F., Springfield, Mass. Prof. Craig

Sold by
the
Seedsmen

of America

Made at
Fishkill-on-Hudson, N. Y.

TRADE MARK_

VY More Water

raised and delivered Ey the

than by others because the
impeller is accurately ma-
chined to the casing, prevent-
ing any sudden change in di-
rection of the water. Mot an
ounce of power is wasted.
Every ‘‘American’”’ Centrifu-
gal absolutely guaranteed.

» Write for new catalog 120.

THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS

Office and Works, Aurora, Ill.
First National Bank Building, Chicago

Write to the Readers’ Service for information about live stock

RareBeauty,

TasteElegance
For Your Home

A little money, wisely one

in thrifty evergreens, transforms
an ordinary place into one of dis-
tinction and character. Make your
home surroundings more eye-pleas-
ing. Make your property more
valuable!

1 Hill’s Evergreens
p Best for over 56 years

are | y, certain of growth. Largest,
cho: Selection in America. Don’t
risk failure. Plant Hill’s Evergreens—
get finest trees, handsomest foliage.
Send Today for Hill’s

Free Evergreen Book

Write az ovce for this beau-

tiful color-illustrated book

Learn Hill’s perfected
method of growing, trans-

~

RAT

Is a fine garden
one of your
ambitions?

The best food comes from the garden and,
of course that is the only kind you want for
your table. If you are ambitious nothing
but a fine garden will suit you.

A fine garden is such because it has been
properly planned and_ planted and
thoroughly cultivated. Anything that

helps to bring this result interests you.

IRON AGE

Garden Drills
and Wheel Hoes

Sow accurately in drills or hills, hoe, cul-
tivate, weed, ridge, open furrows and cover
them, etc. Parts change quickly. High
steel wheels, steel frame, necessary adjust-
ments for close work.

With these tools you can make the garden
right and keep it in perfect condition with-
out hard work.

38 combinations, $2.50 to $12.00.

Ask the nearest dealer or seedsman to
show them and write us for new booklet,
“Gardening With Modern Tools.” Also one
on Sprayers for every purpose.

Bateman Mig.Co.

Box C
“~, Grenloch, N. J.

KILLED BY SCIENCE
DANYSZ VIRUS is a

Bacteriological Preparation

AND NOT A POISON—Harmless to Animals other than

mouse-like rodents.

Rodents die in the open. For asmall house, 1

tube, 75c; ordinary dwelling, 3 tubes, $1.75; larger place—for each

5,000 sq. ft. floor space, use 1 dozen, $6.00.
Independent Chemical Company

Send now.

72 Front Street, New York

BOTHERED
WITH SCALE?

The oneabsolute-
ly sure spray for
San Jose _ is&
**Scalecide.’”? Used
in the best orchards
everywhere. En-
dorsed by Experiment Sta-
tions. Will keep your trees S
cleanandhealthy andmake them
yield number one fruit. Better
than lime sulphur, Easy tohandle. Will not'clog
orcorrode the pump orinjure the skin, ‘‘Scalecide”
has no substitute. OUR SERVICE DEPART-
MENT furnishes everything for the orchard,
Write todayto Department “I’’ fornew book
—'Pratt's Hand Book for Fruit Growers’’
and ‘Scalecide"’ the Tree Saver, Both free.

B. G. PRATT CO., 50 Church Street, New York City

Se "Mie

DAE GAY Re Dein

trouble with the winter, but is favored by a low
hillside and some trees toward the north. After
twice seeing this papaw in flower I quite agree with
the authority who suggests in the course of his
technical description of it that it is “well worth
a place in the garden.” It is handsome of form and
blooms freely when of only the height of a tall shrub.
The fairly large chocolate-colored blossoms are
more curious than beautiful but would lend the
garden or shrubbery border an odd bit of color.
They are good diverters of the attention of some
troublesome small flying insects. The fruit is
edible, though the very aromatic flavor and large
seeds are obstacles to general popularity aside
from the negro race. This papaw is not to be
confused with the tropical paw-paw (Carica
papaya), which is a tropical tree bearing no resem-
blance to it.

Two other trees that I have been astonished
to find thriving within the limits of New York
City are the native persimmon (Diospyros Vir-
giniana) and the English walnut (Juglans regia).
Like the papaw, both are worth taking home “‘on
suspicion.” The persimmon, which grows wild up
to latitude 38, is said to be one of the most difficult
of all trees to transplant, on account of the long
tap root, but can be grown as easily as peaches
from pits. The English, or Persian, walnut, long
important in the commerce of California, is hardy
“in parts of New York.’”’ It was on Staten Island
that I saw this and the native persimmon. The
noble great laurel magnolia (Afagnolia grandiflora)
is still another southern tree that deserves more
northern opportunities than hitherto have been
its lot. With favorable surroundings it has been
found to do extremely well in Connecticut and
New York, though it does not remain an ever-
green in the North.

New York H. S. Abas.

Growing Tritomas from Seed

OST of the seed catalogues of the last few

years have been offering tritoma seed saved
from this or that ‘unrivalled collection.” The
cultural directions given are that if planted early
they will bloom the first season. In the spring of
tg10 I brought a package of seed and planted
them outside in April, using a small glass covered
seed frame, but not a seed germinated.

That fall, while seeing the last of the outdoor
chrysanthemums at a neighboring nursery, I noticed
that the tritoma plants were seeding heavily and
obtained a generous supply of seed.

Thinking that the outdoor planting was unsuc-
cessful because of lack of moisture and heat, I
decided to plant the seed at once. The seed was
planted in a box of earth from the woods. The
box was then placed in a south window in the
cellar with only a minimum of light and sunshine.
The watering was done daily with a spray pump.

Germination was very slow. Roughly not more
than half the plants appeared in the first month.
The seedlings then grew fairly rapidly. Gradually
the surface of the earth became covered with a
green mould from the moisture but this seemed to
do no harm. ‘

In late February, having had this success, the
plants were transplanted in rows in the same box
to make room for more seed. This was the seed
offered by about half a dozen seedsmen. The
new seed did not give as satisfactory a germinating
percentage.

In late March all were transplanted outdoors.
The first batch of seedlings were much larger and
more vigorous than the others, the base being
about one fourth of an inch in diameter. The
later seedlings were still small and about one eighth
of an inch in diameter.

The drought compelled watering and probably
retarded the growth of them all.

Now as to the statement of seedsmen, “will
bloom the first season if planted early.”’ Possibly
with ideal weather conditions, but with the average
eastern summer no such success seems possible.
The method outlined above, however, shows that
with no facilities one can have stocky plants for
spring planting and try the gamble of raising
seedlings. There is the possibility that the seeds-
men could be induced to supply the fresh seed
early in the fall.

New York. CHARLES KRUMWIEDE, Jr.

MAGAZINE

JANUARY, 1913

wherever heard, Kimball Pianos have a
tone that immediately charms the listener
and marks them as instruments of unusual
merit.

Over 250,000 Kimball Pianos Now in Use
in as many of America’s best homes is
certainly convincing proof of superior merit. If no
dealer handles them you can buy Kimball Pianos and }
Player Pianos direct at our regularly established one
price. Very easy credit terms extended to purchasers

Beautifully illustrated catalogue with prices and,
terms and the Musical Herald containing two
oretty songs, words aril music, mailed FREE

on request to Dept. 2757

‘W.W. KIMBALL CO., Chicago, (Established 1857),

The Tone That Charms

3% $4.00 Warranted 5 Years

ie Used with bucket, barrel or
s knapsack, sprays the tallest
fruit tree from the ground.
Does the work in half the
time. Sprays whitewash
and cattle “‘dip.’’ Made
of brass throughout.

Write for special offer or
send $4.00 (West of Denver
$5.00). Expressage prepaid.
Money refunded if not fully
satisfied.

Standard Stamping Co.
275 Main St., Marysville, O.

Have earned a reputation
for honest value and reliability
during 110 years of suc-

cessful business growth.

Our 1913 catalog will have some

special features of interest to

all who “Farm” and “Garden.”
A postal will bring it.

J. M. THORBURN & CO.

110 years in business in New York City
33 Barclay Street . . New York

STAR OF WONDER BLACKBERRY
A wonder indeed: in growth, in excellence, in pro-
ductiveness. Berries large and luscious, bears in clus-
ters like a grape for two months. A single plant has
yielded over two bushels in a year. Headquarters
for St. Regis Everbearing, the best red Raspberry,
and Caco, by far the choicest of all hardy Grapes.
A full assortment of Strawberries, Raspberries,
Blackberries, Grapes, Currants and Goose-
berries; Garden Roots, Hardy Perennial
Plants, Shrubs and Vines, Evergreen and
Shade Trees, Roses, Hedge Plants, etc.
Illustrated descriptive catalog replete
with cultural instructions, free to every-
body. . Established 1878; 200 acres;
quality unsurpassed; prices low.
EIT, J.T. LOVETT, Box 125, Little Silver, N. J.

O

The Readers’ Service will gladly furnish information about Retail Shops

JANUARY, 1913 p f THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 2969

ca Beautiful Lawn |

and Attractive Home Surroundings
Flowering trees and shrubs require but little space in the

yard or lawn and are always the admiration of passers- J

by. Among the best are the Aralias, Catalpa, Japan
Cherry, Cornus, Crabs, Horse Chestnut, Judas, Mag-
nolias, Thorns, Altheas, Hydrangea, Weigela, Spireas,
etc. These, in connection with groups of Dwarf Shrub-
bery, Roses, Grasses and Hardy Herbaceous Plants,
make a beautifullawn and attractive, homelike surround-
ings. They can be had at a nominal cost, within the
reach of everyone. Wecarry everything for the Garden,
Lawn, Park and Orchard. 59 years of fair dealing has
put us to the front. 1,200 acres. 47 greenhouses.

Write today for General Catalog No. 2,168 pages, free.
TRY US. We guarantee satisfaction. (61)

The Storrs & Harrison Co., Box 108, Painesville, Ohio

Paper Dirt Bands

Will give you npe sweet Corn,
Melons, Cucumbers and Lima
Beans three weeks earlier.

Prof. R. L. Warts, Penna. State College
writes: “I am well pleased with them.”

300 3-inch and too 4-inch PREPAID BY PARCEL
post anywhere east of the Mississippi for $1.00.
Pacific coast and Foreign, $1.25.

Philip Crosby & Son, Catonsville, Md.

Fully describes the products of our f

1100 acre nursery, fruit and seed

farm. Over 25 years’ experience in P&

y growing heaviest bearing strains of
m Sy Strawberries, raspberries, currants, goose-
“IJ berries, blackberries, dewberries, grapes
@ and all kinds of fruit trees and shrubs.
X Also seed potatoes, rhubarb, horseradish,
asparagus, etc. Send names and addresses of 5 fruit
growers and get fine currant bush free. Catalog free.

W.N.SCAREF, New Carlisle, Ohio

The New Features in the

Garden and Farm Almanac
For 1913

You Need it Now to Help You Plan Your Spring Work

Partial List of
Contents

New Features:
Complete Official
Farm Score Cards
—Pure Seed Laws
and Regulations—
Garden Plans and
Planting Tables—
Best Breeds of
Cattle, Sheep and
Swine — A New
Prize Contest. for

Animal Diseases and Rem-
edies — Annual Flowers,
Guide for the Best — Ap-
ples, When to Pick, Etc. —
Antidotes for Poisons —
Breeds, Composition of
Milk of Different — Brah-
ma, Fowls, Varieties of —
Bulletins, Farmers’ — Cal-
ifornia, Cost of Producing
Orangesin—Canker
Worm, The — Cattle,
Points on Feeding — Con-
crete, How to Make and
Use — Fall Planting of
Trees — Planning, Prin-
ciples of Garden — Score
Cards, Farm—Stock Food,
Some Facts About — Street
Trees, The Best Ten

Who’s Who in Poultry
Who’s Who in Dogs

Housekeepers—In-
creased Readers’

Service Facilities.

This 250 page handy book gives you in compact and accessible form with many
illustrations the information you need. It tells you how, when and where to plant
and grow to the very best advantage all flowers, vegetables, crops, shrubs, trees and
lawns—contains elaborate planting tables for every season of the year—tells how to
fight all insect enemies—shows what needs to be done about the place each month
for its better maintenance—devotes many pages to all garden and farm building
operations—is full of new and attractive ideas and suggestions.

The Garden and Farm Almanac |

is, in a word, a ready reference guide for every-day use, covering the entire JS c.m.
field comprehensively and expertly. It will answer every question for you 113
on any subject whatsoever pertaining to the garden and farm. The

1913 Almanac is bigger and better than ever before, containing eee
many new features. The text is made up of more than 220 pages ’ GardenCity,N.Y.

fully illustrated. Every subject carefully indexed. postpaid, The 1913

Z iB Gardenand FarmAIl-
Price, 35 cents, postpaid manac, for which I en-

close 35 cents.

DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY | Jerr
Garden City, Long Island, New York

Test Stokes’ Standard Seeds
This Year at My Expense

To show you how Stokes’ Seeds have won their reputation for quality
T will send you five ro cent packets, a credit slip good for 25 cents on your
next order, and my 1913 catalog—all for 25 cents. The seeds in this trial
offer are, in every case, varieties that will delight you. Here is the list.

_ LETTUCE, Big Boston. Best heading var- TOMATO, Bonny Best Early. Leads all in
iety for open ground or frames. Big, solid, productiveness, quality and early ripening.
crisp, tender, blanched heads. Fruit vivid scarlet, ripening all over.

RADISH, Scarlet Globe. Ready in 20 ASTERS, Stokes’ Standard. Largest

days. Perfect globe shape, rich, mild, flowers of many types and colors.

crisp and tender, the market gardeners’ PANSIES, Stokes’ Standard. Blend of finest

favorite. French novelties and best of popular sorts.
Mail 25 cents today and get seeds, credit slip and catalog.

Walter P. Stokes, Dept. 131, 219 Market Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

The Readers’ Service gives information about real estate

270 THE; GARDEN MAGAZINE JANUARY, 1913

We have 500,000

trees that will
bear fruit like this!

160,000 of these are fine apple
trees. Peach, pear, plum, BA
quince and cherry trees in —"
large variety. Recognized by
leading orchardists as sure to bear fruit.
Nursery experience covering 34 years
makes Green’s trees absolutely reliable.

Green’s Trees

are all Northern grown near Rochester, the world’s tree centre. Read Green’s guarantee—
trees true to name. Sure growers and heavy bearers. Straight, well-branched, hardy,
healthy and free from scale. Green’s vines, roses and flowering plants are of the same
quality and give equally good results.

Wholesale Prices to Small Buyers!

——

gc) Green has no solicitors or canvassers. He depends for sales on the good

Ali Wey trees themselves, satisfied customers and his catalog. You buy only

NY | what you need and when you needit. His prices are less than half what

2 | youpayagents. This saving on middlemen’s commissions stays right in
your pocket. Buying from Green is an actual saving!

Green’s 1913 Catalog and Fruit and Flower Book FREE!

rE | Write for a copy of this new catalog, containing valuable planting and growing advice compiled from
34 years’ nursery experience. A copy of ‘‘Thirty Years with Fruits and Flowers,” giving interesting
facts on these subjects, will also be sent, if you ask for it.

J GREEN’S NURSERY CO., 7 Wall St., Rochester, N. Y.

WHOLESALE PRICE S| Millions of Trees

On small fruit plants. From $1. worth up. Direct from our propagating beds to you. Strawberry,

Raspberry, Blackberry, Bush Plants, Grape Vines, and garden roots. Extra heavy Rooted, High grade PLANTS, VINES, ROSES, ETC.
stock. No better plants can be grown anywhere. 20 years’ experience in propagating plants. The oldest, largest and most complete nursery in
Everything fully guaranteed. Descriptive catalogue and prices free. Michigan. Send for catalog. | Prices reasonable

A. R. WESTON & CO. R. F. D. 13, Bridgman, Mich. TOMO RT eee

THE MONROE NURSERY Monroe, MIcuHIcAN

667 TRADE

Fae

This Garden of Glass on the lines of our exclusive curved eave

patent, has proved so popular that we have duplicated it many times. It is particularly adapted
to the beginner and the man of moderate means. It may be placed close to the residence and heat-
ed from the same boiler to save the installation of a separate heating plant. The curved
eave prevents snow and ice from collecting and makes a more pleasing appearance than the
old style construction. | With this garden at hand you are assured a plentiful supply of lowers:
and vegetables during the long and tedious winter months. Leet us tell you more about them.

WILLIAM H. LUTTON, 269 Kearny Ave., Jersey City, New Jersey

IRE FENCES do not wear out—they rust out—
unless they are EXCELSIOR ‘“‘“RUST PROOF"
fences. The Excelsior process prevents rust and
insures long life-without any expense for up-keep.
Rememberit costs just as much to erect a poor fence
as a first-class one. Buy Excelsior first: it lasts.
Sold by hardware dealers.
Write to us for illustrated Catalog ‘“‘B’’ and sam-
ple showing ‘‘Rust Proof’ finish.

WRIGHT WIRE CO., Worcester, Mass.

The Readers’ Service will give you information about motor boats

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and Cold- Leite

Have Celery

all Winter

an “7 inch | a | vue

Try it
for Lettuce

But Growing Finely

ae the two layers of glass in the Sunlight Double Glass Sash is
an air space 5§ of an inch in thickness

This is the secret of the complete success of that sash
for hot-beds and cold frames.

Above the glass winter weather —
zero, perhaps.

Below the glass a bit of summer

With warm earth and plants grow-
ing like May — cabbage plants, per-
haps, or lettuce, radishes, beets,
violets, tomatoes, peppers, or any of
hundreds of species of vegetation —
anything that amateur or professional wants to keep
growing for pleasure, or food, or profit.

The violets may be plucked throughout the winter. Pansies
will bloom in late February or early March. Radishes and
lettuce will make several crops and furnish an almost constant
supply throughout the cold season. And cabbage, beet, tomato,
pepper, melon and other plants, properly timed, will grow stout
and ready to go into the open ground for an early crop.

- You can have a bed like
this at little cost, and to
take care of it will re-
quire but little labor.

For the Sunlight Double Glass Sash is complete in
itself. It needs no mats nor boards. The only cover
needed is the air sealed between the two layers of glass
on the same principle as the thermos bottle. This
transparent cover is always where it belongs; it does not
have to be bought extra or to be put on every evening

Sunlight Double Glass Sash Co.

927 East Broadway, Louisville, Ky.

or taken off every morning. It weighs nothing and
cannot even be seen. But a raging blizzard cannot
penetrate it. It saves the plants from hurt but admits
the sun’s ray with their warmth.

Let us tell you more about how you can make a little
winter gardening a source of health, pleasure and profit
to you this winter. This is best told by expert gardeners,
state and national experiment station officials and
enthusiastic amateurs who have expressed their approval
of the Sunlight Double Glass Sash in terms quoted in
our literature. It is the best sash ever made and
gives the best results.

Tear off the coupon and send it to us today. We
will send one or both of these books: 1, Our com-
plete catalogue, free, 2, Prof. Massey’s booklet on
hot-beds and cold frames, if you enclose 4c. Be
sure to write your address plainly.

\

A NN ty SY A a YN

Sunlight Double
2 Glass Sash Co.
ig Louisville, Ky
Bsa Gentlemen :—Please send me your
free Catalogue and copy of Prof. Mas-
sey’s Booklet.

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oon

Dw Name

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Prag Address

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RN NY

is beautiful in finish and pattern (of which one is shown)
and beyond question the most durable china made.
Strike the edge of any ‘‘Syracuse’”’ China piece on

a like piece of any other china, and it will invari-
ably chip the other china with no effect on the
“Syracuse” China. This tests quality, not weight.

Durable

This beautiful ‘*Syracuse”
Chinais thoroughly vitrified by
our double-fire process. There
are two tests of this: first, its
translucency; second, when
chipped it will not absorb
germs, grease or dirt, but re-
main white and clean.

Get O. P. Co. ‘Syracuse.’
{t is genuine, germproof, best
china value on market.

Beautiful

The exquisite colors and
charming patterns of
“‘Syracuse’’ China are part! of
the china itself, and practi-
cally last as long as it does.

When they adorn your table
with their elegance and beauty
they will delight your guests
and rejoice your heart that
you insisted on beautiful and
durable ‘‘Syracuse” China.

Ask your dealer. If he has it, he knows—if he hasn’t it, don’t argue, for

WE WILL SEND YOU A SAMPLE

piece. You may then judge for yourself and
get a proper appreciation which no illustration
can give (inclose 10 cents to cover postage).

ONONDAGA POTTERY CO.

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