GENERAL GUIDE ‘rz EXHIBITION HALLS BY FREDERIC A. LUCAS Revised by Members of the Staff Ss Sa a sa eS De La ee Poe Sea = er oe | of rill wi a SIXTEENTH EDITION THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY | NEW YORK, N. Y. 1931 te THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Board of-Trustces- Let Fas President : . p Henry -FarrFIELD OsBORN ‘ ‘ First Vice-President. '” Second Vice-President GEORGE F. BAKER ; J.P. Morcan Treasurer Secretary James H. Perkins CLARENCE L. Hay Ex-officio 3%: Tue Mayor or THE City or NEw York + Tue CoMpTROLLER OF THE City or NEw York THE PRESIDENT OF THE PARK Boagp Elective GrorGE F. BaKER J. P. Morgan Grorer F. Baxer, Jr. 3 _ Junrus S: Morean, Ir. ae GrorceE T, Bowpoin ya _ A, Perry OssoRN : FREDERICK F. BREWSTER Henry FarrFietp OsBorn Doveias BuRDEN 9 es Fr .- ©. James H- Perkins Suypam Currina rt a} Dantet E, Pomeroy FREDERICK TRUBEE DAVISON Groree D., PRratr x CLEVELAND Eart Dopa@E H. Rivineton Pyne " Lincoin ELLswortH _ A, Hamitton Rick * * Curios Frick e Kermit Roosevetr . a Mapison GRANT tae Henry W. Sage Cuauncey J. HaMuin. ~ * Leonarp C. SANForD CLARENCE L. Hay res Witiiam K. VanpEerBitt ArcHER M. HunTINGTON a Frei M. Warsure OavEN L. Mitts - Cornevivs VANDERBILT WHITNEY Administrative Officers Director and Executive Secretary Te Grorae H. SHERWOOD Vice-Director (In Charge of Exploration and Research) Roy CuapMAN ANDREWS Vice-Director (In Charge of Preparation and Exhibition) * James L. CuARK ‘ Assistant Director and Assistant Secretary (General Administration) Wayne M. Faunce apote “Assistant ‘Treasurer ‘Unitep States Trust; Company or NEw YorK Bursar ‘ : ; “Assistant Bursar Freperick H. SmyTu ae Francis BUSHELL Registrar ae Assistant Registrar George N. Prypar : 2 ts _ Eraen L. Newman. Superintendent of Buildings a¥ Chief of Construction J. B. Founke | : HLF. Besrs= Chief Engineer ; H. J. LANGHAM — THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SCIENTIFIC STAFF FOR 1931 1. Officers of Administration Henry FarrFietp Ossorn, D.Sc., LL.D., President Georce H. Suerwoop, Ep.D., Director Roy Csapman ANDREWS, Sc.D., Vice-Director (In Charge of Exploration and Research) James L. Cuarx., Vice-Director (In Charge of Preparation and Exhibition) Warns M. Faunce, Sc.B., Assistant Director (General Administration) and Assistant Secretary 2. Scientific Staff Astronomy Curve Fisuer, Px.D., LL.D., Curator Minerals and Gems Hersert P. Wurttock, C.E., Curator Grorce F. Kunz, Px.D., Research Associate in Gems Fossil Vertebrates Henry Farrrietp Ossorn, D.Sc., LL.D., Honorary Curator-in-Chief CHILDS Frick, B.S., Honorary Curator of late Tertiary and Quaternary WALTER Grancer, Curator of Fossil BarNuM car al A.B., Curator of .G. nee Px.D., Associate Cura- “tor of Vertebrate Paleontology Cartes C. Mook, Pu.D., Associate Curator of Geology and Paleontology Racuet A. Hussanp, A.M., Staff Assistant Water W. HoLmes, Field Associate in Paleontology Geology and Fossil Invertebrates Cuester A. Reeps, Px.D., Curator Living Invertebrates Roy Watpo Mrver, Pu.D., Sc.D., Van NAME, Curator Wuuarp G. Pu.D., Associate Curator : Frank J. Myers, Research Associate in Rotifera Horace W. Srunxarp, Px.D., Re- search Associate in Parasitology A. L. Treapwe.t, Px.D., Research Associate in Annulata Insect Life Frank E. Lutz, Px.D., Curator 7 Oe aby Associate Curator of Coleopte Cc. H. ill M.S., Assistant Curator Frank E. Watson, B. S., Staff Assistant tera Waee er, Px.D., L.LD. Research Associate in Social’ Insects Cartes W. Lena, B.Sc., Research Associate in Coleoptera Herpert F. Scuwanz, A.M., Research Associate in Hymenoptera Living and Extinct Fishes WILLIAM - Grecory, Pa.D., Curator- in-Chief* Joun T. Nicuors, A.B., Curator of Recent Fishes E. W. Gupozr, Pu.D., Bibliographer and Associate *Also Research Associate in Pale- ontology and Associate in Physical Anthropology Freperick H. Smyrx, Bursar Living and Extinct Fishes (con- tinued) Francesca R. LaMonrte, A.B., Assist- and Curator Cuartes H. Townsenp, Sc.D., Re- search Associate C. M. Breper, Jr., Research Associate Louis Hussaxor, Px.D., Research Associate in Devonian Fishes Van Campen Herner, M.Sc., Field Representative Amphibians and Reptiles, and Experimental Biology G. Kineastey Nose, Pxa.D., Curator Cuirrorp H. Popr, B.S., Assistant Curator Hevten Teate Brapwey, A.B., Staff Assistant Lean B. Ricuarps, B.S., Staff Assis- tant Bertram G. Smiru, Px.D., Research Associate Wituiam Doveitas BurDEN, Research Associate Frank S. Matuews, M.D., Research A.M., Associate Homer W. Smits, Sc.D, Research Associate O, M. Herr, Px.D., Research Asso- ciate Birds FraNK M. Cuapman, Sc.D., Curator- in-Chief Rospert CusHMAN MorpxHy, D.Sc., Curator of Oceanic Birds James P Cuapin, PH.D., Associate Curator of Birds of the Eastern Hemisphere Joun T. eae M.A., Associate Curator of Birds ‘of the Western Hemisphere Etsie M. B. Associate Mammals of the World H. E. Antuony, M.A., Curator NauMBERG, Research Rospert T. Hart, A.M., Assistant Curator Grorce G. Goopwin, Assistant Curator G. H. H. Tate, Assistant Curator of South American Mammals Witiiam J. Morven, Pu.B., Field Associate Comparative and Human Anatomy Witu1aM K. Grecory, Pu.D., Curator H. C. Raven, Associate Curator S. H. Cuuss, Associate Curator MARCELLE RoiGNeau, Staff Assistant in Comparative Anatomy J. Howarp McGrecor, Pu.D., Re- search Associate in Human Anatomy Duper J. Morton, M.D., Research Associate Anthropology Ciark Wissler, Pa.D., LL.D., Cu- rator-in-Chief N. C. Nextson, M.L., Curator of Pre- historic Archwxology Anthropology (continued) Gerorae C, VAILLANT, Pu.D., Associate Curator of Mexican Archeology Harry L. SHaprro, Px.D., Associate Curator of Physical Anthropology Marearet Merap, Pa.D., Assistant Curator of Ethnology RonaLtp L. Oxson, Pu.D., Assistant Curator of South American Arche- ology Cuarence L. Hay, A.M., Research Associate in Mexican and Central American Archeology Miro Heiman, D.D.S., Research Associate in Physical Anthropology GerorcE E. Brewer, M.D., LL.D., Re- search Associate in Somatic Anthro- pology Asiatic Exploration and Research Roy CHapMAN ANDREWS, Sc.D,. Curator-in-Chief Water GRANGER, Curator. in Pale- ontology Cuar Es P, Berkey, Pu.D., [Columbia University], Research Associate in Geology Amapbeus W. Grasau, S.D., [Geological Survey of China], Research Associate Pbre TEILHARD DE CHarpDIN [Geologi- cal Survey of China] Research Asso- ciate in Mammalian Paleontology Preparation and Exhibition James L. Cuark, Vice-Director (In Charge) ALBERT E, Butuer, Associate Chief 3. Education, Library and Publication Staff Grorce H. SHerwoop, Ep.D., Cura- tor-in-Chief Criyve FisHer, Px.D., LL.D., Curator of University, College and Adult Education Grace FisHer Ramsey, Curator WiwiraM H. Carr, Assistant Curator Associate Dorotuy A. Bennett, A.B., Staff Assistant Paut B. Mann, A.M., Associate in Education Frank E. Lurz, Px.D., Research As- sociate in Outdoor Education Library and Publications Ipa RicHarpson Hoop, A.B., Curator Hazex Gay, Assistant Librarian JANNETTE May Lucas, B.S., Assistant Librarian—Osborn Library Printing and Publishing AAWTHORNE Dantex, Curator, Editor of Natural History A. KatTHertne Bercer, Editor of Natural History Eruey J. Timonier, Associate Editor of Scientific Publications Public and Press Information Georae N. Prinpar, Chairman Associate "yIOK MON jo a}B}g oY} Aq popoode ‘[BMOUE|A] J[EAOSOOY oy} SPN]OU! [IM YOIYM “YsoAq YIVY [BAUD Surjuor; YVY} Oq OF Ayyeanjoopryore JuRy10durt ySour oy} “UOT 4804 OLY ‘queserd oy} oxT] ‘eq 0} st apBdey yowo pure ‘pouuvyd sv wnesnyy oy} JO pATYy}-9UO JNOQB ST poyejduroo uoyiod ayy, ‘“o}UBId por SI SuIp[INg oy} Jo [BUO}VU OYT, “PLY Ul yuBIH Jueprserg Aq prey sem ‘orenbg uvzeyURP, Jo [we Adnooo 0} popuozUl St YoryAs ‘UINESN]A] 9Y} JO 9U0}SIOUIOD OUT, joo1}Q YQUsAeS-AZUGADG SuTORs ‘apBdeT YING AUOLSIH TVYNLYN JO WONASNW NVOINANY AHL a | GENERAL GUIDE EXHIBITION HALLS Re micAN MUSEUM NATURA LH ISTORY FREDERIC A. LUCAS Revised by Members of the Museum Staff SED, i N& SIXTEENTH EDITION 1931 —____i._.. New York Published by the Museum 31-1n0ued— Gp) ib CONTENTS LRUBTORS St ateicc Lie os ot, Be Oe CO: (Cover) ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF...........--- RE TG on A _.. (Cover) SCHOINUIRTC (STARM f 0 alee i ye ee SPS ato heeds on 8G ee pee ee ee GENERAL, INFORMATION 05 occu): sold ea i ani be eis at a ee ee MEMBERSHIP. . ane tye Fath Pee Ae le ee ee History AND Wane: OF THE ite Lf ergs, Sxteeeie es Eee eee ENTRANCE ARGEIWIAYS acote cc Soe ie Gere eee) ds ae Kny 70 EXHIBITION HAtHS:.5. sere ae ae ec a eee eee First FLoor: Visitors’ Room, Information Bureau, Sales Booth, Checking Desk...... Memorial Hall (South Pavilion), Meteorites.... | . Ie Oe Pe a Elevators (East: Corridor) i/22-2. on herein eo eer oe ee Jesup Collection of Trees of North America (Southeast Wing).......... Invertebrates (Darwin Hall) (Southeast Pavilion)...................... Hall of Fishes:(East Wine). cts sce eee, Se eee Hall of Ocean Life (Southeast Court)........................ Cr, | Indians of the North Pacific Coast (South Central Wing).................. Eskimo ‘Collection! (North Coridor)Se5s0-2 aoe eee Meteorites (North Corridor)......... Shes bak inch fae! ohn. Se eee Auditorium (Central Pavilion)................. Sts els nas bo Astronomy (West Corridor).. : MEER amet Oe Fk oe. Indians of the Woodlands Gouthwest Wing). SAR bis Oe bee Indians of the Plains (Southwest Pavilion). . Bits. iy. cree bene Indians of the Southwest (West Wing).. S hada he eae ie eee Bickmore Memorial Corridor (Southwest Gout. Bah ek ee Education Hall (Southwest Court). . 1 ae Sas Ale Public Health: Food, Water Satay (Goutien Court). see pane eee Seconp FLoor: Birds of the Continents Hall (South Pavilion)........................ Restaurant (South Corridor).................. Se Mammals of North America (Southeast Wing)............ A Reet . Birdsjofsthe ‘World (Southi@entral iWin) teens oer ae ee Local Birds (West Corridor). . Aeon Antiquities of Mexico and Cantal Achenta (Soadumrest Wings. Serena Prehistoric Man of North America and Europe (Southwest Pavilion)... . TutrD FLoor: Monkeys and! Aipesi(SouthPavalion)ipeer as cee eee Animal Photographs (South Pavilion)..................... sa oe oe Members’ Room (East Corridor)............... fils Moewinek) cake eae ee Mammals (Synoptic Series) (Southeast eee oy Insect Life (Southeast Pavilion).. J ayaes ou adhe, See Dad) Sy eer Reptile Life (East Wing)....... vie Rah Serna e Sigh Etre. See Aes a oe Birds of North America (Habitat Groups) (South Central Wing)........ Auduboniansa’ (West) Corridor) 4) cece eee een ee ee Indians of South America (Southwest Wing)......................... Chinese and Siberian Collections (Southwest Bavalony, wince ae tae eee Atriean|iCollections: (Weste Wil? )a.ncmne octet ee ei re eee PAGE 2 2 1 6 _—_ — oe CO ee ee ee Fourts Fioor: Fossil Vertebrates (Foreword). . hg SiGe ot ote Early Man, Mastodons and Reais (South Pay lion). Peete aca areas Mammals of the Tertiary Period (Southeast Wing). . Slat gtet Horse, avolution of (Southeast Wink)>:..... 05... ccc ec nce eeweseeee Central Asiatic Expeditions Collections ccihnane Pavilion} eA ek ee Bashford Dean Memorial (Southeast Tower).... nek epee a Fossil Fishes (Southeast Tower)................ BR vite Pte ue Dinosaurs (East Wing).. ; : RES AT Ae aot Geology and Fossil Taree (South Central iene Aga See a a Horse under Domestication (West Corridor)................0.0.0.0.000005 Minerals and Gems (Southwest Wing).................0c ccc e eee eeeee Pacific Islands Collections (Southwest Pavilion)......................... Philippine Islands Collections (West Wing)................00....0.2005. Firts Fioor: Library, Offices, Laboratories, Study Collections. ..... . ........... 104 105 107 107 111 111 111 112 115 122 123 126 128 129 GENERAL INFORMATION HOW TO THE REACH THE MUSEUM The Museum is located at 77th Street and Central Park West, and can be reached by the 8th and 9th Avenue surface cars, the 6th or 9th Avenue elevated to 81st Street Station, or by the subway to 72nd or 79th Street station. The Museum is open free every day in the year: on weekdays, including holidays, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., on Sundays from 1 to 5 P.M. oO: val From Grand Central Station take Broadway surface car to 77th Street, or subway shuttle to Times Square and local to 79th Street. From the Pennsylvania Station take the 8th Avenue surface cars, or the subway local to 79th Street. Telephone: Endicott 2-8500 VISITORS’ ROOM, INFORMATION BUREAU, SALES BOOTH At the right, as one enters from Seventy-Seventh Street, are the Visitors’ Room and Information Bureau, where postcards, guide leaflets and other Museum publications are sold, and where visitors may arrange to meet their friends. The Sales Booth also opens on Memorial Hall. CHECKING BOOTH At the left of the entrance will be found the Checking Booth for coats and packages, near the office of the Superintendent of Buildings. Wheel chairs for children and adults may be obtained free of charge. LECTURES Announcements of the weekly programs of lectures and meetings of societies will be found in Memorial Hall. Lecture programs and lists of publications may be obtained free of charge at the Information Bureau. A Bulletin Board displaying programs of lectures and meetings will be found in the East Corridor, first floor, opposite the elevators. A map showing the locations of the various expeditions in the field is shown on the south wall of this corridor. Copies of various publications germane to the Museum’s work are displayed in table cases in the Foyer. NOTE It is frequently necessary to rearrange the exhibits in order to provide space for new material or to put into effect advanced ideas re- garding methods of exhibition. Thus discrepancies may be found between the actual arrangement of the specimens and that noted in the GuipE. In some cases further information may be obtained from the Gumwe LEAFLETs, which describe exhibits of special interest. See list of Popular Publications, page 136, also obtainable at the Publications Sales Booth, first floor, or at the Museum Library, fifth floor. 8 MEMBERSHIP SKETCHING AND PHOTOGRAPHING No permit is necessary for drawing from specimens on exhibition. Chairs may be had on application to the attendant. In case the light is poor apply to the attendant. (Sunlight is not allowed to shine on speci- mens on account of the injury it causes.) Permission to photograph specimens should be obtained from the Director. GUIDING Free Service: This is offered to public schools and similar educational institutions and to Members (individuals and institutions). In order to secure a guide, an appointment should be made in advance. Please state the day and hour desired, the number to be guided and any special halls to be seen. For appointments call Endicott 2-8500, Extension 174 or 180. Groups for the general public are specially conducted on Wednes- days and Fridays at 11:00 A.M. and 3:00 P.M., and on Saturdays at 11:00 A.M. and 4:00 P.M. Paid Service: This is provided for individuals, clubs or similar institutions not members of the Museum. Fee; $1.00 per hour for groups of 4, with 25 cents for each additional person. Groups of 15 from private schools may make special arrangements for guiding at the rate of $2.50 per hour. RESTAURANT Adjoining the Birds of the Continents Hall (Second Floor, South Pavilion) is the Restaurant, which is operated as a Museum department, for the convenience of visitors to the Museum, under the efficient direction of a dietitian-manager, and is open from 11:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M. every day excepting Sunday. MEMBERSHIP For the purchase or collection of specimens and their preparation, for research, publication, and additions to the library, the Museum is dependent on its endowment fund and its friends. The latter contribute either by direct subscriptions or through Membership dues. The Membership Fund is of particular importance from the fact that it may be devoted to such purpose as the Trustees may deem most important. There are now more than twelve thousand Members who are contribut- ing to the work of the Museum. MEMBERSHIP 9 If you believe that the Museum is doing a useful service to science and to education, the Trustees invite you to lend your support by becoming a Member. The various Classes of Resident Membership are as follows: Annual Members . ...... . .... (annually) $10 peuming Members . . =. << . » . s . (annually) 25 CI co et Vata yee Ls 200 MEER te Tote et NS ee ek el 500 ES tt As pee ee es ee 1,000 Pere BOMETROLORS a! 2 2.) i ue kt es 10,000 Associate Founders ee meee ae ce) (OOOO ee aero anomeric cy wt ' ~80,000 meauamment Member. . . . . . : = « + «+, ». 100,000 Members enjoy the following privileges An Annual Pass admitting to the Members’ Room and to the Reserved Seat Section at Lectures for Members Complimentary Tickets admitting to the Members’ Room for distribution to friends Services of an Instructor for guidance through the Museum Two Single Admission Course Tickets to Spring and Autumn Series of Lectures for Members to distribute to friends Two Single Admission Course Tickets to Spring and Autumn Series of Lectures for Children of Members Current numbers of all Guide Leaflets on request Current issues of the Magazine Natural History, published by the Museum A copy of the President’s Annual Report 10 MEMBERSHIP ASSOCIATE MEMBERSHIP (Non-resident) In order that those residing more than 50 miles from New York City, who can not conveniently attend the lectures for Members, may be associated with the Museum and its work, the class of Associate Members, whose annual dues are $3, was established. These Members have the following privileges: Current issues of NaruraL History. The President’s Annual Report, on request. An Annual Pass admitting to the Members’ Room. This large room on the third floor is given over exclusively to Members, and is equipped with every comfort for rest, reading and correspondence. Two complimentary tickets admitting to the Members’ Room for distribution by Members to their friends. The services of an Instructor for guidance when visiting the Museum. HISTORY AND WORK OF THE MUSEUM 11 THE HISTORY AND WORK OF THE MUSEUM Sixty-one years of public and scientific service have won for the American Museum of Natural History a position of recognized im- portance in the educational and scientific life of the nation and in the progress of civilization throughout the world. With every passing year the influence of the Museum widens, as is witnessed by the increasing numbers of visitors who daily enter its halls without the payment of any admission fee whatever. The American Museum of Natural History was founded and in- corporated in 1869 for the purpose of establishing a Museum and Library of Natural History; of encouraging and developing the study of Natural Science; of advancing the general knowl- edge of kindred subjects, and to that end of furnishing popular instruc- tion. For eight years its home was in the Arsenal in Central Park, during which time many important collections were secured. History The cornerstone of the present building in Manhattan Square was laid in 1874 by President U. S. Grant; in 1877 the first section (South Central Wing) was completed, and on December 22, 1877, the Museum was formally opened by President R. B. Hayes. In 1880 the educational work with the schools was inaugurated by Professor Albert S. Bickmore. In 1893 the Museum was opened to the public on Sundays, and in 1907 it was opened free to the public every day in the year. The Museum building is one of the largest municipal structures in the City, and has cost to date approximately $16,000,000. The South Facade is 710 feet in length; the total floor area is about fifteen acres. The structure is designed when completed to occupy all of Manhattan Square. The building is erected and largely maintained by the City, through the Department of Parks. Building funds are provided for by issues Administration Of Corporate Stock, which have been made at intervals and Support since 1871. The annual appropriation, known as the Maintenance Fund, is devoted to the heating, lighting, repair and supervision of the building and care of the collections. The Museum is under the control of a self-perpetuating Board of Trustees, which has the entire direction of its activities as well as the guardianship of all the collections and exhibits. The Trustees give their services without remuneration. 12 SUPPORT OF THE MUSEUM The funds which enable the Trustees to purchase specimens, to carry on explorations and various forms of scientific work, to prepare and publish scientific papers and to enlarge the library, are contributed by the Trustees, Members and other friends. The interest of the Endowment Fund, which includes the munifi- cent bequest of Mr. and Mrs. Morris K. Jesup (1909-1917), may be used for additions to the collections, research, and for publication. It cannot be used for the care or repair of the building, construction of cases or other maintenance work for which the City provides. The Membership Fund, derived from the subscriptions of Members, may be devoted to any purpose and is of particular importance in promot- ing the educational work and growth of the Museum. Voluntary contributions may be used for general purposes or for such special object as the donor may designate; some of the most valuable and important collections have been obtained by such gifts, as for example the Morgan collection of gems and the Juilliard collection of ancient Peruvian pottery and textiles. In the last edition of the Century Dictionary a museum is defined as: ‘‘A collection of natural objects, or of those made or used by man, Definition of | placed where they may be seen, preserved, and studied. a Museum Neither the objects themselves, nor the place where they are shown, constitute a museum; this results from the com- bination of objects, place, and purpose, display being an essential feature. The objects, or specimens, may be shown for general purposes only, or for the illustration of some subject or idea, the tendency of modern museums being, by the display of objects and the manner in which they are arranged and labeled, to illustrate some fact in nature or in the history of mankind.” And EF. Ray Lankester as Director of the British Museum of Natural History stated that: ‘““The purposes of a great national museum of natural history are: (1) To procure by its own explorers or by the voluntary assistance Purposes of Of independent naturalists the actual specimens upon Museums which accurate knowledge of the animals, plants, and minerals of the earth’s surface, and more especially of the national territory, is based; to preserve and arrange these collections for study by expert naturalists, and to facilitate, directly or indirectly, the —— WORK OF THE MUSEUM 13 publication (in the form of catalogues or monographs) of the knowledge so obtained—with a view to its utilization, not only in the progress of science, but in the service of the State. (2) To exhibit in the best possible way for the edification of the public, at whose charges these collections are made and maintained, such specimens as are fitted for exposure in public galleries, with a view to the intelligent and willing participation of the people in the maintenance of the Museum.” As the Museum is emphatically for the people, special attention is given to making the exhibits attractive and interesting as well as instructive. While The American Museum of Natural History cannot claim to have originated the idea of displaying animals amid their natural sur- roundings, it was the first large museum in this country to adopt this method, which it has since carried out on a large scale in the well-known habitat groups (see Guide Leaflet, No. 53, ‘‘The Story of Museum Groups”’). How it has been developed, the visitor may judge by compar- ing the group of Robins and the Orizaba, Wolf or Hopi Groups. In this Museum were also developed the methods of preparing and mounting the skeletons of extinct animals that have resulted in such mounts as Brontosaurus and Tyrannosaurus, and the series showing the development of the horse, so that they might be something more than an assemblage of uninteresting bones. The Museum maintains exhibits “‘for the edification of the public.” The collections are brought together through gifts, exchanges with other institutions, through purchases and by means of explorations in various parts of the world. The educational work performed by these specimens and their accompanying labels is supplemented by lectures and publications of a How These Popular nature. A course of evening lectures is given Purposes are every Spring and Fall for the Members, to which admission Carried out i. to be had by ticket; also courses of Science Stories are given on Saturday mornings for the children of members. Other series, under the direction of the Museum’s Department of Public Education, are given for the children of the Public Schools; to students of the high schools, training schools, and colleges, also cultural courses for teachers. Special lectures for the blind are pro- vided for by the Jonathan Thorne Memorial Fund. Lectures Scientific Societies meet at the Museum and from time to time offer lectures of general interest. 14 ENTRANCE ARCHWAY Radio talks are given in connection with some of the activities of the Museum. The publications of the Museum are noted on pages 130 and 136. STATISTICS OF NUMBERS REACHED BY THE MUSEUM AND ITS EDUCATIONAL EXTENSION SYSTEM 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 Board of Education Lectures......... 26,968 10,460 10,914 12,342 —— Lectures to School Children and classes visiting the Museum for Study...... 133,386 138,514 145,304 172,549 157,168 Meetings of Scientific Societies and Other Meetings and Lectures.. : 37,389 34,976 47,680 27,461 45,936 Total.. dias 197,743 183,950 203,898 212,352 203,104 Attendance i in Exhibition Halls. . usenet 1,578,147 1,886,315 2,088,978 688,879 712,529 Total attendance for all Purposes. . 1,775,890 2,070,265 2,292,876 901,231 915,633 Lectures to Pupils in the Schools. . 27,055 33,255 20,421 45,718 26,456 Number reached by Motion Picture Service. 333,097 530,955 1,123,704 1,576,249 1,725,865 Number reached ‘by ‘Lantern Slide Service. 3,941,494 4,358,423 6,866,112 9,734,122 8,550,181 Number reached by Circulating Col- lections. . ea ARO OSS or ote 977,384 798,382 1,679,589 2,282,272 1,857,729 Grand Totals. . da ve ceiie renee 7,054,920 7,791,280 11,982,702 14,539,592 13,075,864 ENTRANCE ARCHWAY Under the arch on Seventy-seventh Street, before entering the Museum, one notices the ‘““Bench Mark” established by the U. S. Geological Survey in 1911, on which are inscribed the latitude and longitude, 40° 46’ 47.17” N., 73° 58’ 41” W., and height above sea level, 86 feet. Bench Mark On the right is a ‘‘pothole”’ from Russell, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., formed by an eddy in the waters of a stream beneath the melting ice Glacial of the glacier that covered northern New York State. The Pothole stream carried pebbles that, whirled around by the eddy, cut and ground this hole, which is two feet across and four feet deep. On the left is a large slab of fossiliferous limestone from Kelley Island in Lake Erie near Sandusky, whose surface has been smoothed, Glacial grooved and scratched by the stones and sand in the bottom Grooves of the vast moving ice sheet or glacier that covered the north- eastern part of North America during the Glacial epoch. KEY TO EXHIBITION HALLS See Floor Plan on Page 17 Administrative Offices............... Africa, Collections from......... Apes and Monkeys............. Asia, Collections from........... RIN 0g ha cas saint ahd" a's Vb 0.8 Se EMI auc 3's soydae cue aeachier os : ORME EERERTEL SANE 0 G0: 0 ix ata Sle n- nasal «Se, oases Birds, Local.. Birds of the Continents (Habitat Groups) Birds of North America (Habitat Groups) Birds of the World Caves.. Central America. . Chi LOS 2 S| rs Se tise LED Ai es Se ee Education Hall....... Eskimo Collection....... PIBHONS PROCONE. S65 o. sai0,.)ci 0 « Food Economics............... Fossil Invertebrates.................. Fossil Fishes................ Fossil Mammals (Mastodon)... Fossil Mammals he aickoae: Camels, € ete. y: Re Fossil Reptiles. . Gems and Precious Stones. . Geology, Historical. . Horse, Evolution of. . Horse, under Domestication. . Indians of South America............ Indians of the North Pacific Coast... . Indians of the Plains. Indians of the Southwest............. Indians of the Woodlands....................... Information Bureau Insects. “iS inn Sea ge ee eee Library.. PRET E AD of North America.. Mammals of the World 1 (Synoptic Series).. Man, Early... Members’ Room. . Memorial Hall..... 3 Meteorites........ 7 EES Tate Re kt Reale a ne aa Mexico........ Minerals....... nh) J a en aa ee Pacific Islands Collections....... . Peru.. Philippine ‘Collections. . Prehistoric Man......... ; Public Health. . Reptiles and Amphibians. Restaurant. . Shells. . . WitEkOES, SROQUIS 5 50%5..02 e005 a5 $a/e Whales... . Woods of North America... Location in Museum Fifth Floor, _. Third Floor, Third Floor, ... Third Floor, .. First Floor, .First Floor, Third Floor, Second Floor, Second Floor, Third Floor, .Second Floor, .. Fourth Floor, .Second Floor, .Third Floor, . First Floor, .. Fourth Floor, . First Floor, .First Floor, .. First Floor, .. First Floor, ... Fourth Floor, ..Fourth Floor, ... Fourth Floor, .. Fourth Floor, .Fourth Floor, .. Fourth Floor, . Fourth Floor, Fourth Floor, .. Fourth Floor, Third Floor, First Floor, First Floor, First Floor, . First Floor, First Floor, .. Third Floor, First Floor, _. Fifth Floor, .Second Floor, _...Third Floor, Fourth Floor, .. Third Floor, ..Fourth Floor, ... First Floor, .. First Floor, .. First Floor, Second Floor, _. Fourth Floor First Floor, "Third Floor, -Fourth Floor, Second Floor, First Floor, .. Third Floor, Second Floor, First Floor, First Floor, First Floor, .. First Floor, Page SoutbrPavion cs a. sne.