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Genus Phoradendron

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A Monographic Revision

By WILLIAM TRELEASE
PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

Urbana, Illinois
Published by the University

1916

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COPYRIGHT, 1916

BY THE

UNIVERSITY OF

MS

CONTENTS

Page
Distribution map Frontispiece

Introduction

Prefatory 3

Nomenclature 4

Historical summary 5

Analysis of characters 7

Parasitism, hosts and enemies 13

Origin of the genus 14

Range of species 15

Taxonomic summary 16

Illustrations 17

Monograph of Phoradendron

Generic description 19

Primary division of the genus 19

Analysis of the Boreales

Pauciflorae 20

Pluriseriales 29

Calyculatae 54

Analysis of the Aequatoriales
Interruptae

Foliosae 55

Basinerviae 55

Peninerviae 128

Saquamosae 140

Parodoxae 142

Continuae 143

Percurrentes 143

Dichotomae 156

Explanation of plates 163

Indexes

Collections 187

Occurrence

North America 211

South America 214

West Indies 216

Pacific Islands 217

Species excluded 217

Names and synonyms 218

Plates 1—245.

PREFATORY

INTRODUCTION

PREFATORY

My attention was seriously called to the need of a revision of our
leafy mistletoes through inability to understand the basis of characteriza-
tion that could admit to one species such different appearing plants as
those from the southeastern, southwestern and arid United States — not
to mention California and Yucatan — to which the name Phoradendron
flavescens is currently applied. Among their manifold differences, a
diligent search was made for characters ; the types of related species and
varieties that have been held to be differentiable from flavescens were
examined ; and every form occurring in the United States was traced to
the known limits of its range, sometimes south of our national border.
In the course of this study it became apparent that the great conserv-
atism of Engelmann, who seems never to have given this genus the care
that marked his study of the related genus Arceuthobium or Razoumof-
skya, had not only caused him to withdraw segregates of P. flavescens
that he admitted at one time, but had reacted on his early colleague in
the study of our southwestern plants, Torrey, to the extent of causing
a number of mistletoes which had been designated in the Torrey herbar-
ium as new species to lie there, as they still do, without publication. As
political boundaries do not often form satisfactory limits to such a study
as I had begun, I was quickly lured into an examination of the Mexican
species which approach our border, and of others which reach into the
field of these, so that no arbitrary geographic limit, even, could be fixed
short of the Isthmus.

At the New York meeting of the National Academy of Sciences, in
November, 1911, and. at the meeting of the Academy of Science of St.
Louis on December 18, 1911, the preliminary results of this study of
the northern species were outlined, and this was followed at the Wash-
ington meeting of 1912 by presentation to the National Academy of a
revision of all of the forms of Plioradendron recognized as occurring in
continental North America. As I was then on the eve of departing for
a year in the great herbaria of Europe, this revision was withheld from
immediate publication so that several obscure Mexican species could be
cleared up certainly, through authentic specimens, and in the hope that
they might be illustrated from the types. Though the admission of Tor-
rey's long neglected manuscript names had quite prepared me for an
apparently inordinate increase in the number of differentiable species
in the genus, I was not a little surprised to find, when casting my results

4 THE GENUS PHOEADENDRON

then into classified form, that on an average nearly two new named forms
appeared for each one already admitted to our northern flora.

Notwithstanding an intention to limit my investigation to the species
of continental North America, the temptation to learn the characters of
the South American species proved irresistible when, at Brussels, I
examined the material in the personal herbarium of von Martius, whose
collections have done so much to make known the flora of Brazil; and
it was not long before the genus as a whole engaged my interest, though
West Indian material was given less attention than the other until at
Dahlem I reached the collection of Professor Urban, who in 1897 had
published a revision of all of the West Indian Loranthaceae. To my keen
satisfaction, I then found that for the Antillean region very few forms
were to be differentiated from those admitted by Urban, confirming my
judgment that the large increase in our own flora rests rather upon
previous neglect of application to them of characters which appear to
be really differential, than on excessive optimism on my own part con-
cerning their separability. The thorough study of tropical forms by
Eichler in his revision of Loranthaceae for the Flora Brasiliensis, in
1868, supplemented by a reelaboration of available material when Urban
monographed the West Indian forms, has also prevented an increase in
the number of South American species at all comparable with that
within our own region, though the number of names added is relatively
greater than for the Antilles. The general results of the study as now
published were laid before the Chicago meeting of the National Acad-
emy in 1915, and printed in brief form in the initial number of the
Proceedings of the Academy.*

NOMENCLATURE

In the following treatment, synonymy has been confined to citation
of the original publication of each species and of its synonyms, except
for its inclusion in either of the classic publications on the genus and
for reference to all published illustrations. No effort has been made to
rectify the frequent use of inapplicable or inaccurate names in refer-
ences to the plants in periodical literature, or in the earlier floras before
Viscum and Phoradendron were differentiated, except in a very few
cases where more than one species was clearly referred to under a new
name. To anyone needing to make corrections, the way is rendered
comparatively clear by the full citation of localities and collectors which
follows the description of each species.

The names employed for the plants are intended to be conformed
to the international rules adopted by the Vienna Congress of 1905

*Trelease. W. Phoradendron. Proe. Nat. Acad. Sci. vol. 1. p. 30-35. Jan. 1915.

NOMENCLATURE— HISTORICAL 5

except that in one or two cases — notably that of the plant usually known
as P. lati folium — the American principle ''once a synonym always a
synonym" has led to the adoption of a specific name of more recent
origin than that first used when the latter, under Viscum, was preoccu-
pied, even though it does not appear elsewhere under Phoradendron;
and in two or three instances — e. g. what is here called P. Engelmanni —
a new specific name has been preferred even though an existing or lapsed
varietal name might have been used in a specific sense. An embarrassing
difficulty is introduced through Professor Urban 's otherwise unimpeach-
able publications in the latinization of the customary Greek generic
name Phoradendron into Phoradendrum, which compels a monographer
to choose between recombining the names of all of Urban 's species under
the former or recombining the still larger number of earlier and classic
names under the emended generic name. I have felt that of the two
regrettable courses the former is preferable; and customary practice
retains numerous other generic names with the Greek ending.

HISTORICAL SUMMARY

The exclusively American genus Phoradendron was differentiated in
1847 from its Old World equivalent, Viscum, by Nuttall, its essential
characters being trimerous flowers in simple spikes, with contiguous
fruiting sepals, as contrasted with tetramerous solitary or simply cymose
flowers and distinctly separate sepals in Viscum. Almost simultaneously
with Nuttall, Engelmann recognized the generic separability of these
New- and Old-world mistletoes, and segregated the latter under the
name Spiciviscum. Before his description was printed in 1849, however,
Nuttall's paper had appeared, so that Dr. Gray, to whom Engelmann '»
manuscript had been sent, though publishing the name Spiciviscum
treated it as a synonym of Phoradendron, and only one species has ever
been seriously named Under Engelmann 's proposed genus.

Except for a few which Humboldt, Bonpland and Kunth had placed
in Loranthus, all of the species now referred to Phoradendron which
had been published prior to Nuttall's segregation of the genus had
been described as species of Viscum, so that, so far as they antedate the
appearance of de Candolle's monograph of Loranthaceae in the Prod-
romus, they were brought into position under Viscum in that work.
Nuttall himself named a number of these as pertaining to his new genus
and indicated clearly that this was probably equally true of most if
not all of the American species of Viscum. Apparently unacquainted
with the publications of Nuttall and Engelmann, Miers in 1851 sug-
gested that the South American species of Viscum, with anthers dehis-
cent by slits, were not cogeneric with the European species, the anthers

6 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

of which dehisce by numerous pores, and for the former he proposed
the name Allobium; but under this no species have ever been named.

Antedating Nuttall's publication of Phoradendron by seven years,
the name Castrea falcata A. St. Hil. (or Castraea as Eichler writes it)
is to be accounted for, as Castrea has been held to be a synonym of
Plioradendron. The publication is of an unfortunate kind. Treating
of the stamen in his Legons de Botanique comprenant principalement
la morphologic vegetale, Auguste de Saint Hilaire in 1840 says (p. 451)
"Comme on voulait absolument trouver dans toutes les plantes des
etamines, ou du moins des antheres, on a dit que le Viscum album avait
une anthere adnee au petale (anth. adnata) : mais, pour qu'il en fut
anisi, il faudrait qu'il y eut tout a la fois petale et anthere, et ici il
n'existe reellement qu' une corolle (f. 334) dont la substance s'est, a
de petits intervalles, changee en pollen de maniere a faire paraitre
alveolee la surface interieure des petales. II y a plus encore : dans une
plante bresilienne de la meme famille que le Viscum album, plante ou
trois petales sont soudes a leur base, je cherchais vainement les etamines,
lors que je m'apergus que le pollen etait niche dans un pore qui se trouve
a P extremite pointu de chaque petale (Castrea falcata, f. 335) ; et, par
consequent, ici bien plus clairement encore que dans le Viscum, c'est le
petale qui tient lieu d' etamine, ou, pour mieux dire, une tres-petite
portion de la substance interieure du petale s'est changee en pollen.
Dans les etamines ordinaires, le metamorphose est plus complete: voila
la difference." Again, on page 873, explaining the illustration on his
plate 88, the writer says "dans le Viscum album, fig. 334, la substance
de tout le petale se metamorphose par intervalles en poussiere f econdante,
de maniere a faire paraitre alveolee la surface superieure du petale ;—
chez le Castrea falcata, fig. 335, une tres-petite portion de la substance
dn petale s'est changee en pollen, et celui-ci se trouve niche dans un
petit trou qui existe au sommet de chacune des trois parties de la
corolle." In the index of plant names at the end of his volume, Castrea
falcata is marked definitely as of the author by the attachment of his
initials "ASH".

It is scarcely probable that any botanist will ever consider the genus
Castrea sufficiently characterized on such a description of its stamens
to enter seriously into nomenclature, and no material is known to exist
by which the species referred to as falcata may be ascertained.

Still earlier, in 1839, Korthals had segregated these American mistle-
toes under the sectional name Baratostachys without removing them
from the genus Viscum, and so late as 1910 Baratostachys was accorded
generic rank by Uphof,— a procedure not likely to meet with acceptance
under existing nomenclatorial practice.

The principal contributions to our knowledge of the genus in recent

CHARACTEES— HABIT 7

times are by Oliver, who determined the Mexican and Central American
collections of Liebmann and Oersted ; by Eichler, who took note of extra-
territorial forms when revising the Loranthaceae of Brazil; and by
Urban, who rendered a similar service in connection with his study of
the family as represented in the West Indies.

ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS

A few contrasts may make evident some of the differences between
species in this genus which may be accepted as characters in their tax-
onomy. The partial or complete neglect of these characters, to the pref-
erence of the more usually employed differences in shape of foliage,
etc., explains the insufficiency of such earlier treatment as that of the
elder de Candolle in his very clean-cut elaboration of Viscum in the
Prodromus, in 1830, and accounts for the confusion of our own species
by the usually very accurate and acute Engelmann; and their tacit or
explicit recognition underlies the masterly work of Eichler and Urban
in revisions respectively of Brazilian and West Indian forms. That
these differences have been neglected so generally depends rather on
their seeming insignificance than on difficulty in seeing them.

COLOR. — How generally the color of normally vegetating mistletoes
offers differential characters remains to be recorded. As is true of all
of the species of the related genus Arceuthobium or Razoumofskya, a
number of the species of Phoradendron that grow on conifers, e. g. P.
juniperinum, P. densum, etc.,' are of an olive or brownish shade, the
West Indian P. flavens gets its name from a very striking yellow color-
ation, and some of the mistletoes that reach our market at Christmas
time, e. g. P. macrophyllum, possess a very beautiful golden coloring,
perhaps as the result of a partial etiolation after collection; but the
prevailing color appears to be green, more or less dulled or shaded by a
tinge of gray or olive.

HABIT. — No doubt personal familiarity in the field with the different
species of Plwradendron will reveal several differences in aspect that
cannot now be used in their characterization, for even limited acquaint-
ance with them in nature shows that they are far from uniform in
habit of growth. For the present, however, it can be said only that in
this respect most species of Phoradendron resemble the common Euro-
pean Viscum in their bunched tufts, so that a winter picture of either
may easily be mistaken for that of the other (PI. 1). A marked excep-
tion is found in some of the desert mistletoes, like P. calif ornicum and
P, Libocedri (PI. 2), which when seen from a distance sometimes suggest
the cactus genus Rhipsalis in their long pendent tufts : and the Mexican
P. calyculatum and a few other species form wide-spreading fountain-
like masses of still greater size.

8 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

STEM. — Though it frequently happens that only one of the two
opposed buds at a node develops into a branch, so that a pseudodicho-
tomous forking may appear, the greater number of species, including
all of those in our own flora, are monopodial or percurrent in their
growth ; but a comparison of P. flavens and P. racemosum, for example,
among the West Indian species, shows that in the former the percurrent
growth is very constant, while in the latter the main axis is so rarely
continued that forking, or, through accessory development, fasciculation
of the stems is all but the universal rule. In P. cymosum and a group
of related species the suppression of the main vegetative stem is further
accentuated through its replacement by a flowering spike, so that the
seeming dichotomy of P. racemosum is here replaced by a cymose forking.

While all of our own species have a terete or nearly terete stem,
squarish in some of the mountain forms, such a species as P. vernicosum
presents the phenomenon of its compression into an elliptical cross sec-
tion below the nodes ; in P. carneum, etc. it is sharply 2- keeled : in P.
peruvianum, etc., it is convexly sword-shaped, and it becomes 2- winged
in P. dipterum or even very thin and broad in P. platycaulon. P. rubrum
and many other species have a comparable sword-like compression
accompanied by a rhombic keeling of the broad surface, with extremes
from little to marked widening reaching its culmination in the very
broadly winged stems of the Mexican species which Hooker mistook for
Viscum falcatum (PI. 62, 63). P. trinervium and a number of other
tropical species have this rhombic keeling amplified into a sharply and
nearly equally 4- angled character, which in P. tetrapterum and a few
others develops into a strong and often undulate winging. As a rule
these stem peculiarities are most evident on the uppermost internodes
of a branch ; sometimes they disappear entirely as the stem ages, or are
represented by a faint lining on otherwise nearly or quite terete older
internodes: in one species, P. paradoxum, terete-based and ancipital
internodes regularly alternate in the branches.

LEAP. — If, as is the case, leaf -form in this genus varies in the same
species or even on the same branch so greatly as to prevent its use with
precision for the differentiation of closely related forms, and though
identical shapes may be presented by the leaves of species not at all
related, the foliage of a given species comes with familiarity to present
a collective effect that is characteristic so far as it goes. Knowledge of
the species when growing is certain to reveal very marked differences
in texture, veining, and direction of the leaves which are lost or uncertain
in the herbarium; but even in dried specimens many foliage charac-
ters may be picked out. In P. Eggersii and a relatively small number
of other species, distinct clean cut petioles are found, while in

CHAEACTEBS— LEAF 9

others, like P. affine, the leaves are technically sessile ; but in the greater
number the leaf is attenuated into what almost equally well may be
called a winged petiole or a subsessile base. In one group only, that of
P. amplexicaule, the base or petiole is dilated or clasping at its insertion.

Comparison of two such species as P. flavens and P. racemosum
reveals a marked contrast in the position of the principal nerves which
are found in all of the larger leaves in this genus, — the former being
distinctly basinerved, and the latter pinnately veined. Occasionally, as
in P. chrysocladon, the stronger of the nerves in one of the former group
gives off a few fine or indistinct lateral veins : in P. Eggersii, P. peruvi-
anum and a few others the midrib, strong and heavily branched below,
disappears below the middle of the leaf; and in a very few cases the
vascular group of the petiole continues for a short distance into the
expanded blade before breaking into its component bundles to form the
nerves of the leaf.

Great differences are found in leaf texture and venation, but as a
rule species that are closely related differ little in this respect. The
terminalogy of such characters when observed in the herbarium is likely
to prove misleading when applied to fresh material, but however it
may be corrected to suit the latter it will always prove necessary when
future collections are compared with the types to which they correspond.
As an illustration may be cited our common eastern mistletoe, P. flaves-
cens, which possesses rather fleshy leaves with heavy somewhat raised
nerves when fresh or wilting, but appears subcoriaceous in the herbar-
ium ; while the related P. villosum of the West Coast is rather coriaceous
even when fresh. As examples of some of the extremes in this respect
shown by herbarium material, may be noted P. undulatum and the
aggregate of forms commonly called P. latifolium, in which a heavily
raised midrib is seen beneath, while some difficulty may be found in dis-
tinguishing its pinnately placed branches: P. robustissimum, in which
the nervation is very inconspicuous in the opaque closely papillate
leaves: the group of Andean species which I am calling "Andinae",
in which the leaf dries thin with sharply raised fine nerves : and P. flavens
and its allies, which are finely nerved and venulose and wrinkled above,
while beneath they are smooth and dull except for the nerves which
project heavily, at least toward the base. How far the fleshiness of
both stem and leaf varies in fresh material can be inferred only for
most species; but the rugulose upper surface of the leaves in those last
mentioned and in the Brazilian P. chrysocladon no doubt will find
ready explanation in structure, as will the very heavy wrinkling of the
stem in P. fragile and other species and its uniform fine cross-striation
in P. Fid and one or two others.

10 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

INFLORESCENCE. — The essential characters of Phoradendron in its
group of Loranthaceous genera are chiefly its axillary spikes of small
unisexual and monochlamydeous sessile flowers (PI. 5-6), often sunken
in hollows of the frequently swollen internodes of the rachis and nor-
mally trimerous (PI. 7), with 2-celled longitudinally dehiscent anthers.
A very few species, like P. cymosum, present the phenomenon of a termi-
nal spike corresponding to the 1- or few-flowered cyme of the old world
Viscum, but in addition to axillary spikes. Except in the species taken
by Hooker for falcatum, the receptacular cups, which range from so shal-
low as hardly to surround the base of the flower to a depth covering a
noticeable part of the mature fruit, are essentially even on their margin ;
but in this species the cup is sometimes parted so as to present the ap-
pearance of a deeply divided calyx. The flowers, — with a small vestigial
nectar gland and apparently adapted to pollination by such short-
tongued insects as flies and small bees,* — are usually yellowish green
when, expanded, but in P. Brittonianum and some of its relatives the
sepals are blood-red even before anthesis. Some species are known to be
apogamoust and apogamy is to be expected in many others, a circum-
stance very probably connected, as in Taraxacum and Hieracium, with
polymorphism or close affinity in species as now understood. So far as
I know, polyembryony, recorded for Viscum and Arceutliobobium or
Razoumofskya,$ has not yet been observed in Phoradendron.

While the number of internodes composing a flowering spike varies
in most species it usually varies within small limits, and its mean appears
to be available in most cases in the recognition of a species. Contrasts
are afforded by P. Libocedri, P. cuneifolium, P. emarginatum, P. flaves-
cens, P. polygynum, etc. Sometimes corresponding to the number of
joints, sometimes to their length, and sometimes to both, the length of
the spike also presents differences of taxonomic value if used not too
arbitrarily, e. g., in P. emarginatum, P. flavescens, P. macrotomum, and
P. polygynum. In all of our own species the plants are strictly dioe-
cious ; and, as a rule, staminate spikes are longer than pistillate and bear
more flowers (PI. 5). This is known to be true also of a number of
tropical species, such as P. Wattii; in others, prevailingly if not exclu-
sively staminate and pistillate spikes showing something of the same
dimorphism occur monoeciously on the same plant. Though usually not
too closely applicable as between related species, the number and

*Honey and pollen are said to be gathered from some species: — Richter, Bull.
217, Calif. Exper. Sta. — Sholl, Bull. 102, Texas Exper. Sta. The staminate flowers
of P. villosum are said to have the odor of pond lilies, by Piper and Beattie, Flora
of the Northwest Coast, p. 124.

tC/. York, Bot. Gaz. vol. 56. p. 201.

\Cf. Weir, Phytopathology, vol. 4. p. 385.

CHAEACTEES— INFLOEESCENCE, FBUIT 11

arrangement of the flowers on a given spike present equally charac-
teristic differences, but with the qualification that flowers of the upper-
most joints may be fewer in number and simpler in grouping than be-
low, while one or two of the lowest joints may be partly or entirely with-
out flowers, — the lowermost almost universally being reduced to a sterile
peduncle. The greater number of tropical species differ from those of the
north in being androgynous through the occurrence of a number of
staminate flowers on spike- joints that are otherwise pistillate, or, less
commonly — and sometimes differentiated by the term "gynandrous",
through the occurrence of a few pistillate flowers on otherwise staminate
joints, as many of Eichler's accurately drawn plates show very beauti-
fully. Except in a broad way, these differences do not appear to be
practically applicable in contrasting species, though representing in part
morphological differences of fundamental taxonomic value.

The prevailing grouping of the flowers is in 2, 4, or 6 series on each
joint of the spike, i. e., in 1, 2, or 3 ranks over each of the two scales by
which it is subtended. Examples of the first and last are given by P.
laxiflorum (2), and P. flavescens (6), and where the joints are unisexual
these numbers commonly prevail, though four series may be found by
reduction and as many as ten by increase when the number is typically
six. When the joints are androgynous, the staminate flowers often occur
at top between the normal ranks over each scale, and this condition is
usually accentuated on luxuriant spikes and sometimes on all by the
downward intrusion of a partial or complete third series over each scale.
For the separation of the groups into which species fall, I have found it
most convenient to use the prevalence of 2 or 6 series of flowers on the
joint as a differential, providing as an intermediate the prevalence of
the interjected two series under the designation 4-4- 2. A glance at P.
domingense (2), P. trinervium (4 or 4+2), P. hexastichum (6) and P.
TAndavianum (6 to 10) will make these distinctions evident, — more than
6 ranks being very unusual except in some tropical species with leaves
venulose above and dull beneath, and in some of our northern forms.

FRUIT. — Unfortunately the mature fresh fruit of few species is suf-
ficiently well known to make its description satisfactorily possible, and
species that are now widely separated or brought into juxtaposition may
come to rest elsewhere when subjected to the test of this character. The
mistletoes with which we are acquainted in our eastern woods or which
come to our Christmas market owe their attractiveness to translucent
white berries (PI. 24), sometimes shaded greenish yellow or creamy, —
a color often changing in drying for the herbarium into a sometimes
seemingly glaucous blue-black, as appears to be the case with such of the
tropical species as have clear white fruit. In contrast, the desert mistle-
toes, P. calif ornicum, and its conifer-inhabiting allies (PL 4), produce
honey- or straw-colored berries, more or less tinged with red, and such

12 THE GENUS PHOEADENDRON

tropical species as P. chrysocarpum, said to have white or yellow berries
when fresh, have the fruit represented in the herbarium with a dull
leathery looking surface, the epidermal cells of which have a brassy glint
as on other young parts of these plants. The pulpy red berries of P.
rubrum, more or less blackened when dry, are distinctly reticulate under
a lens by the outlines of their small epidermal cells, and if, as in P. com-
mutatum, these are convex, a velvety-dullness is imparted by them to
the surface. P. emarginatum and its allies, as well as P. Eggersii and
a few other tropical species, have the surface of the fruit distinctly
warty : such warts may be more or less confluent into wrinkles, and in
P. Grisebachianum the pulp becomes very deeply wrinkled. This sug-
gests a range of characters as yet to be made out with sufficient certainty
for safe application as differential. Another fruit character that will
doubtless prove of much taxonomic value should be derived from the
seed and its investing coat of fibres (PI. 10), between which and the
outer skin lies the mass of viscid pulp for which mistletoes have long
been known : in shape and size this appears to differ considerably when
different species are compared, but its utilization must rest on compara-
tive study of the mature fruits of many species. In most species the
ripe fruit is globose, often varying into ellipsoid as in some of our south-
ern mistletoes, or egg-shaped, as in P. chrysocarpum, — depressed and
elongated modifications of these forms being frequent. Sometimes, but
it is hard to tell how constantly or characteristically, a short neck with
sub-parallel sides is noticeable, as in P. calif ornicum (PI. 8). Rarely,
as in P. acinacifolium and its allies, the fruit is distinctly elongated, the
ellipsoid or ovoid fruits of other groups being not much longer than thick ,
and in P. trinervium, which ultimately has nearly globose berries, the
partly matured fruit is similarly lengthened. Usually the berries are
glabrous, but in some of our western species they or their sepals are
somewhat hairy ; and P. Robinsonii, P. Palmeri, and a few other tropical
species, have retrorsely hirsute berries. When the fruit of P. villosum
is compared with that of P. flavescens, the sepals with which the berry
is crowned are seen to be ascending and somewhat separated in the
former, but closely inflexed and meeting in the latter, — a difference
observable everywhere, the erect or widely parted sepals of such species
as P. acinacifolium, P. trinervium and P. Eggersii being especially
noticeable (PI. 8, 9).

SCALES. — One of the characters most available and significant in the
classification of the species of PTioradendron is a fundamental difference
in their leaves. By far the larger number of species have unmistakable
foliage, but our western group to which P. calif ornicum and P. juniper-
inum belong have their leaves reduced to short thin scales (PI. 4) which
resemble those of the related genus Arceuthobium or Razoumofskya so

CHARACTEES— SCALES, CATAPHYLS 13

closely that species of either genus are commonly to be found in herbaria
as representative of the other. Unlike typical foliage leaves, these scales
do not disarticulate, though a constriction at the base of the scales in
two forms (PL 3) affords partial ground for their specific recognition:
one species of the Mexican mountains, P. minutifolium, has almost
equally small if fleshy disarticulating leaves: and two of the South
American species, P. tunaeforme and P. fragile, are characterized by
bearing small scale-like leaves only, — a character also encountered in
the related genus Dendrophtlwra.

CATAPHYLS. — If any species of the United States, for example P.
Eatoni of the everglades of Florida, is compared with any West Indian
or South American species, for example P. rubrum of the Bahamas, the
latter will be found to possess constantly in addition to its foliage one
or more pairs of scale-leaves at least on the lowermost joint of every
branch. Comparable with the scales of the flowering spikes and with
the stem-scales of P. juniperinum etc., these cataphyls afford by their
presence or absence what proves to be one of the most important char-
acters for the primary division of the genus Phoradendron. Usually
cataphyls do not subtend flowers or spikes, apparently serving no func-
tion further than the protection they may afford the shoot in its earliest
development; but in P. crassifolium and P. craspedophllum spikes are
regularly and characteristically found in the axils of some of the cata-
phyls, and less characteristically in a few other cases.

Never found in any species of the United States, absent from three-
fourths of those of Mexico and Central America, but invariably present
in all of the South American and West Indian species, these scales are
usually confined when present to the basal joint of each branch, though
in cases of true or cymose forking they are found on all joints — since
only basal joints are then present. In a very small percentage, only,
of the tropical species with percurrent or monopodial branching, e. g.
P. flavens and P. crassifolium and their allies, cataphyls are found on
all foliage internodes ; and in a single known species, P. paradoxum, the
stem is made up of rather terete joints with cataphyls and ancipital
joints without them, in regular alternating succession.

PARASITISM, HOSTS AND ENEMIES

All of the species of PJioradendron are parasitic. In the rather few
cases in which they are considered as noxious parasites interest centers
about the trees on which they occur, though their fruit is said to be
poisonous*. Unfortunately the hosts of a very large part of the tropical

*Cf. Bray, W. L. The mistletoe pest in the southwest. Bull. no. 166, Bur. PI.
Industry, U. S. Dep. Agr. 1910. — Hedgcock, G. G. Notes on some diseases of trees
in our national forests. — V. Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 175-181. June 1915. — Pam-
mel, Manual of poisonous plants, p. 106, 415-6, 836. f. 196.

14 THE GENUS PHORADENDKON

species remain to be noted and observers and collectors who interest
themselves in the genus in the future will do well to pay particular atten-
tion to this point.

So far as I know, none of the representatives of this genus attack
either tree ferns or Monocotyledons, and relatively few are found on
Conifers : the majority affect woody Dicotyledons. Though sometimes,
as in the case of our common mistletoe P. flavescens, occurring on a num-
ber of unrelated hosts, most of the species appear to be restricted in
this respect, though to what extent is to be shown, rather than inferred
from the scanty information now at hand. The oak, known in connec-
tion with the European mistletoe rather from its infrequency as a host
than because it is often seen to support the parasite, is one of the most
frequently attacked trees on our own continent except in the Northeast ;
and in the Southwest the sycamore, mesquite, cottonwood, hackberry
and elm are much parasitised. Though the European Viscum sometimes
occurs on Conifers, these trees, which support the related genus Arceutho-
bium or Razoumofskya in abundance, appear to be attacked by only a
limited number of species of Phoradendron which constitute a well-
limited group, the ' ' Pauciflorae, " and this group is strictly confined to
Conifers except for one species, P. calif ornicum, which affects a variety
of Angiosperms but no Gymnosperms, and P. Bolleanum which, in addi-
tion to coniferous hosts, has been collected on Arbutus. The succulent
Cactaceae support one species, P. Kuntzei.

Secondary parasitism is not at all unknown in the genus, though re-
stricted to its tropical species, one group of which, the ' ' Amplectentes, ' '
exhibits this trait markedly. Except when they serve as hosts for other
mistletoes, the Phoradendrons do not appear to suffer much from the
attacks of parasites. I have seen a single collection (P. antttlarum)
in which a mistletoe was overgrown by Cuscuta. Few fungi are known
for them even when dead ;* and the number of insects known to attack
them is very limited,! though some southwestern collections are badly
infested by scale insects.

ORIGIN OF THE GENUS

Questions as to the origin of families like the Loranthaceae are doubly
difficult because complicated by parasitism and attendant reduction. Of
a group of families with little-differentiated ovules and seeds which Van
Tieghem has brought together under the name " Inseminees, " the Loran-
thaceae give every indication of tropical Asiatic origin, and the family

*Cf. Saceardo, Sylloge Fungorum, — host index. — The related genus Arceuiholium
is likewise free from fungi. — Cf. Weir, Journ. Agr. Eesearch. vol. 4. p. 369.
}Cf. Schwarz, Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington, vol. 4. p. 397.

OEIGIN— EANGE OF SPECIES 15

extends around the earth in the warmer zones, reaching well toward the
limits of the cool-temperate latitudes in both hemispheres. Increasing
knowledge of its forms has gradually led not only to the segregation of as
markedly different genera as Viscum and Plioradendron, Loranthus and
Psittacanthus, etc., but to recognition that nearly all of the genera are
exclusively either of the New World or of the Old World — the most
marked exception being the small and simple genus Arceuthobium or
Razoumofskya, with American, European and Asiatic species.

These facts point to anything but a recent migration of American
and European stocks from the original center of distribution; at the
same time they do not point to a very ancient origin for our own genera.
Perhaps because of their very common occurrence in upland regions —
though P. flavescens, for instance, may be found in the greatest abun-
dance on trees in swamps or river bottoms — and even more because of
their generally fleshy substance with relatively little lignification, our
mistletoes have scarcely left fossil remains, one Tertiary species, only,
P. fosstte of Ecuador, being recorded as thus far recognized in the genus
Phoradendron. Everything considered, the genus may be regarded as
probably of late Tertiary origin in the New World. When and where
on this continent its two primary subdivisions came into existence will
make a fascinating subject for future study.

RANGE OF SPECIES

In the geographic distribution of its species, Plioradendron is rather
unusually instructive. The genus is strictly American and extends from
Washington, Southern Colorado, the mouth of the Ohio River and South-
ern New Jersey to the mouth of the La Plata on the continent, and
through the entire West Indian chain : one species occurs in the Pacific
island Guadalupe, and two are found in the Galapagos group of Pacific
islands — both oceanic but with American floras. None of its many spe-
cies of fairly homogeneous character possesses a very wide geographic
range. Marked examples of wide-spread occurrence are afforded only
by such polymorphous species as what is usually called P. latifolium, or
an assemblage of intricately related if differentiable species like that
usually known as P. rubrum or P. quadrangular e, which range from
Brazil to Central Mexico and well through the West Indies. Few spe-
cies, indeed, equal in absolute range our native P. flavescens, which occurs
from southern New Jersey to the lower Wabash, Oklahoma and eastern
Texas, reaching southeast to the gulf and ocean.

Admirably endowed with mea,ns of free dissemination through their
berries with extremely viscid pulp, which leads to their dispersal by
birds, these mistletoes seem limited nevertheless to a surprising extent by

16 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

ordinary barriers to plant migration.* Like the similar European
Viscum album, with its scarce-definable races capable of effective germ-
ination only on the host-species from which the seed came, our eastern
P. flavescens though attacking a large variety of plants is usually found
confined to a single host in a given region, and such experiments as have
been made on it show that it can be transferred from one host to another
with difficulty if at all. How far this may be concerned in the poly-
morphism of this species and how far its like may serve to limit the
dispersal of most species, is at present a matter of conjecture only.

Viewed on broad geographic lines, the species of Phoradendron usu-
ally occupy areas that present severally an assemblage of fairly uniform
meteorologic features with limiting environment, — in this respect agree-
ing with most other plants and with animals. The regions in which the
species of Plwradendron occur or which, like the great valleys of South
America, separate them, are indicated on the accompanying map. Few
species range throughout any one of these regions, and it is very rare
for a species to reach from one into the other.

TAXONOMIC SUMMARY

Briefly summarized, the purely taxonomic part of my study of the
genus leads to the conclusion that Phoradendron may be best divided
into two primary groups, respectively constantly without and constantly
with cataphyls on their foliage shoots : for the first I am using the name
Boreales since its species alone are represented in the north ; and for the
other, Aequatoriales since only its species are found in the equatorial
region. Species destitute of expanded foliage are found in each group
in small numbers. Those of the first group are pubescent for the most
part, while only two of the second group are more than papillately rough-
ened. The Boreales appear to be strictly dioecious; the Aequatoriales
for the most part, though not exclusively, are monoecious, usually with
some or all of their spikes androgynous.

So far as shown by the material now contained in the great herbaria
at Washington, New York, St. Louis, Brussels, (where von Martius' per-
sonal herbarium is), Copenhagen, Kew, Munich (where von Martius'
official collection is), Geneva, Buda Pest, Prag and Dahlem, and in many
smaller collections, I find a total of 277 differentiate forms of which I
regard 240 as species, and of which 66, or 23 per cent., are of the Boreales
and 211, or 77 per cent., are of the Aequatoriales.

The distribution of the main groups (forms which occur in more than

*Hedgeock believes light to be a very important factor in determining their
spreading, — Journ. Wash. Acad. vol. 3. p. 265 ; and Viscum is known to need light for
germination.

TAXONOMIC SUMMARY— ILLUSTRATIONS 17

one region being included in each) is : — Boreales : Total 66 ; United States
28; Mexico 48; Central America 2; West Indies 0; South America 0.
Aequatoriales : Total 211 ; United States 0 ; Mexico 29 ; Central America
20 ; West Indies 38 ; South America 134.

Of the Boreales 41, or two-thirds, and of the Aequatoriales 87, or two-
fifths, are now characterized as new. A very large percentage of the
forms that have been accorded specific rank by earlier writers are still
kept up even though they had passed into synonymy. Later studies,
especially in the field, in the light of the conclusions now reached, may
be looked to with confidence not only to bring to recognition many spe-
cies not yet collected, but to make possible the trustworthy subordina-
tion or merging of some of the forms that are now held for species. As
my study has proceeded, I have had the satisfaction of finding my own
opinion in accord with the view of a number of the most experienced
systematists, that in a monographic assemblage such as is here offered
no lasting harm can come from the most radical segregation of forms
possible on morphologic and geographic considerations, while on the other
hand a blending of widely dissociated forms or of such as differ greatly
in their extremes though without as yet definable breaks in the series,
e.g. P. piperoides, leaves the work to be taken up once more from the
very foundation, and with reference to all of the original materials that
may have survived.

ILLUSTRATIONS

To any one who has ever wished to compare an American mistletoe
with an authentic illustration, it has become evident at once that such
illustrations scarcely exist apart from the superb plates on which Eichler
figured many of the Brazilian species. It has been my aim to picture
the more essential features of every species without alteration of size, by
aid of the camera, and if possible from type specimens — not only of the
species as accepted but of forms which have been given names that have
passed into synonymy. That every species has been figured, and that
scarcely a half-dozen types, even of synonyms, are unpictured, may be
my excuse for adding that words are lacking to express adequately my
gratitude to the many botanists of Europe and North America who have
opened their collections to me without restrictions, and in some cases
have allowed type material to follow me across the Atlantic or have re-
placed photographs which were unsatisfactory in the first instance. That
the manuscript now completed for publication pictures for the first time
237, or nine-tenths, of the recognized forms, shows more clearly my debt
to these friends than can be stated in any other words.

The University of Illinois,
January, 1, 1916.

PEIMARY DIVISION 19

MONOGRAPH OF PHORADENDRON

GENERIC DESCRIPTION

Parasitic more or less fleshy suffruticose perennial exogens, usually
brittle at the nodes. Leaves opposite, usually petioled or petiolately
contracted, in a few species reduced to scales. Inflorescence of axillary
or sometimes also terminal mostly several- jointed spikes. Flowers sessile,
usually sunken in the rachis, in 1 or usually 2 to 3 or occasionally 5
series over each of the opposite scales in which the joint below ends,
small and inconspicuous, apetalous, dioecious or monoecious, 3- or occa-
sionally 2-, 4-, or 5- merous: sepals distinct, deltoid, valvate, persistent
on the fruit: stamens inserted on the base of the sepals with nearly
sessile 2- celled anthers dehiscing by subapical slits or pores: ovary in-
ferior, 1- celled, 1- ovuled: style short with scarcely dilated terminal
stigma. Fruit baccate, with a single albuminous seed surrounded by a
loosely fibrous endocarp and an extremely viscid mesocarp. — Phoraden-
dron Nuttall, Journ. Acad. Philadelphia, ser. 2. vol. 1. p. 185. 1847. —
Spiciviscum Engelmann in Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. s. vol. 4. p. 58.
1849. — Allobium Miers, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2. vol. 8. p. 178-9.
1851. — Baratostachys Uphof, Pflanzengattungen. p. 173. 1910.

PRIMARY DIVISION OF THE GENUS

Without cataphyllary scales. BOREALES.

With cataphyls at least on the basal internode of each branch.

AEQUATORIALES.

I. BOREALES.

Stems without cataphyls or scales toward the base of the branches,
never dichotomous though sometimes with one lateral branch developed
so as nearly or quite to equal the main axis, scarcely ever sharply
angled or 2-edged. Spikes axillary, never terminal. Flowers dioecious,
the staminate and pistillate spikes often dissimilar. Confined to conti-
nental North America; characteristic of the northern Mexican table-
land and the southern and western United States, only two species
reaching into Central America.

Branches never winged : receptacular cups not lacerate.

Pistillate flowers 2 on each joint. Chiefly on conifers. PAUCIFLORAE.
Pistillate flowers 6 or more on each joint. PLURISERIALES.

20 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Branches broadly winged: receptacular cups often cleft into sepal-like
segments : pistillate flowers numerous. CALYCULATAE.

A. PAUCIFLORAE.

Stems not winged. Spikes short, 1- to 4-jointed, each joint with 2
opposite flowers when pistillate or with 4 — 8 or 12 flowers in 4 or 6
series when staminate: receptacular cups not calyx-like. Berries sub-
globose, smooth and glabrous, small (3-4 mm.), tinged reddish or straw-
colored. Western United States, and Mexico as far as Mt. Orizaba.
All except the first species occur on conifers.

Leaves represented by short thin scales, not disarticulating.

APHYLLAE.
Leafy, or in the first with scale-shaped but disarticulating leaves.

BOLLEANAE.

1. APHYLLAE.

Leaves represented by short thin scales not disarticulating from the
stem. Essentially confined to the desert and western mountain region
of the United States. Frequently confused by collectors with the Vis-
coid genus Arceufhobium.

Canescent: twigs terete: spikes several- j ointed : sepals meeting in
fruit. P. californicum.

Glabrous : twigs often bluntly squarish : spikes 1-jointed : sepals usually
parted in fruit.

Scales not constricted at base : stout. On Juniperus.

P. juniperinum.

Scales obscurely constricted: slender and pendent. On Libocedrus.

P. Libocedri.
Scales constricted as if by a string: compact. On Juniperus.

-P. ligatum.

PHORADENDRON CALIFORNICUM Nuttall.

Phoradendron californicum Nuttall, Journ. Acad. Philadelphia, ser. 2.
vol. 1. p. 185. 1848.— MacDougal, Publ. Carnegie Inst. no. 99. pi. 60.
Not forked, the long slender somewhat reddish branches without
cataphyls, dioecious. Internodes short (1-3x10-20 mm.), from softly
and closely lanate-canescent becoming glabrous. Stem-scales spread-
ing, acute, 2 mm. long. Spikes axillary, mostly solitary, minutely
canescent, long for the group (5-10 mm.), with about 4 short joints 2-
or exceptionally 4- or 6- flowered in 2 or 4 series : peduncle 1-3 mm. long :
scales acute. Fruit red, subglobose, often rostrate, 3 mm. in diameter:
sepals nearly or quite meeting. — Plates 8, 11.

BOEEALES— APHYLLAE 21

Sonoran region, chiefly on Leguminosae, never on coniferae*, — the
type of the genus. — The type from California.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Without in-
dication of host: — Sierra Nevada (Nuttall, 1836, — the type). Indio
(Davy, 45). Without locality (Davidson, 5929}. On Acacia-. — San
Felipe Canon (Palmer, 441; Chandler, 5456 in part). Cottonwood Springs
(Hall, 6014). Mountain Springs (Orcutt, 2013). On Prosopis: — Agua
Caliente (Parish, 684). Kelso (Jones, 1906). Calexico (Abrams, 3230).
On CeanotJms: — Banning (Tourney, 1894). On Zizyphus: — San Gor-
gonio Pass (Engelmann, 1880). On Larrea: — Vallecito (Hb. Dept. Agr.).
Barstow (Heller, 1896). NEVADA. On Prosopis: — Las Vegas ( Jones,
1905; Griffiths, 1912). Nelson (Jones, 1907). UTAH. "On juniper" [?] :
Milford ( Goodding, 1026). ARIZONA. On Acacia: — Williams River
(Bigelow, 1853-4). Clifton (Greene, 1880). Tucson (Coville, 1617;
Dewey; Griffiths, 3539; Tourney, 1894; Hedgcock & Long, 9814). On
Prosopis: — Gila River (Gilbert, 1873; Rothrock, 338). Gila Crossing
(Thornber, 14 t). Pima Co. (Mearns, 2724). Bowie (Jones, 4242 in
part). Beaver Dam (Goodding, 2135, 2139). Oracle (Hedgcock &
Long, 9696). On Parkinsonia: — Bill Williams Fork (Bigelow, 5 a).
Tucson (Pringle, 1884; Tourney, 14, 1894). On Cercidium: — Near the
Colorado (Bigelow, 5). Tucson (Selkirk, 9816). On Larrea. Bowie
(Jones, 4242 in part). Castle Creek (Tourney, 291). Hardyville (Pal-
mer, 506). Without indication of host: — The Needles (Jones, 1884).
Tucson (Lloyd, 1907). Rincon Pass (Griffiths, 2019). Peach Springs
(Russell, 1889). Without locality (Bischoff, 1871; Tourney). Santa
Rita Mountains (Griffiths & Thornber, 205, — a dwarf form, f.
nana — PI. 12). MEXICO. LOWER CALIFORNIA. Ubi (Brandegee, 1889).
Gardner's Laguna (Mearns, 2894). San Felipe Bay (Mac Dougal,
1904). On Microrhamnus : — SONORA. Guaymas (Palmer, 1065).
Pinacate (Lumholtz, 30). Tiburon Island (Rose, 16780). Hermosillo
(Brandegee, 1892, — a very silvery form, f. argentea).

Phoradendron californicum distans, n. var.

Differing from the type in its elongated fruiting spikes (about
30 mm.) with distinctly separated whorls of fruit. — Plate 13.

Southern range of the type, into which it probably merges, and
on the same hosts. — The type from Arizona.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Without local-
ity (Bigelow, 1853-4). Indian Wells (Orcutt, 2044). Resting Springs
valley (Coville & Funston, 279). Tantillas Canon (Palmer, 270, 441

*Cf. Hedgcock, Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 179.

22 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

in part). East of San Bernardino (Parry, 1877). NEVADA. Logan
(Heller, 10464}. ARIZONA. Gila River (Boundary Survey, 1236).
Fort Mojave (Cooper, 1860-61). Yuma (Engelmann & Sargent, 1880;
Vasey, 1881; Pringle, 1881 — the type; Solereder, 1893). Bonelli's
Ferry (Goodding, 725}. Beaver Dam (Jones, 5013). Tucson (Jones,
1903; Dewey; Hedgcock & Long, 9815). El Rio (Lemmon, 267).
Nogales (Mearns, 2644). West of the Cerro Colorado (Ferriss).
Franconia (Jones, 1903). Yucca (Trelease, 1901). NEVADA. Moapa
(Jones, 1904). Muddy Valley (Kennedy & Goodding, 57). MEXICO.
LOWER CALIFORNIA. San Rafael Valley (Orcutt, 1310). San Gregorio
(Brandegee, 1889). Lake Maquata (Orcutt, 2027). Agua Verde
(Rose, 16583). SONORA. S. Pedro to Fronteras (Hartman, 945).
SINALOA. Navajoa (Rose, Standley & Russell, 13165). Topolobampo
(Endlich, 689).

PHORADENDRON JUNIPERINUM Engelmann.

Plioradendron juniperinum Engelmann, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. s. vol. 4.
p. 58. 1849.

Not forked, the moderate rather stout somewhat squarish branches
without cataphyls, dioecious. Internodes short (2-4x5-10 mm.), micro-
scopically granular. Stem scales spreading, deltoid, not constricted at
base, 1-2 mm. long. Spikes solitary, very short (3 mm.), glabrous, with
a single short joint 2-flowered when pistillate and 6- or 8-flowered when
staminate: peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long: scales rather blunt. Fruit
straw- or wine-colored, subglobose, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals erect,
parted.— Plates 2, 3, 4, 14.

Southern Rocky Mountain or Chihuahuan and adjacent Sonoran
regions ( ? exclusively) on Juniperus.* — The type from New Mexico.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. COLORADO. Mesa Grande
(Purpus, 2). Durango (Tweedy, 596-8; Parsons, 1897). Hotchkiss
(Cowen, 1892). Mancos (Baker, Earle & Tracy, 92}. Delta (Hedgcock,
9319). UTAH. St. George ( Palmer, 1875, 1877). Tooele Co. (Jones,
1900). Antelope Island (Jones, 2081). Kanab (Jones, 6045). East of
Gunnison (Ward, 360). Diamond Valley (Goodding, 884). Milford
(Goodding, 1026). Ephraim (Hedgcock, 3993). Nephi Mts. (Hedgcock,
8136). ARIZONA. Bill Williams Mts. (Bigelow, 6). Camp Apache
(Rothrock, 261, 814). Chiricahua Mts. (Rothrock, 6510; Blumer, 1525,
1532, 1956, 1990; Burrall, 1127-9). Cariso (Brandegee, 1234). Santa
Rita Mts. (Pringle, 1884). Santa Catalina Mts. (Hedgcock & Long,
9817). Ft. Huachuca (Wilcox, 1892; Tourney, 1894, 1895). Benson

*Cf. Hedgcock, Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 179.

BOEEALES— APHYLLAE 23

(Vtisey, 188]). Moki Reservation (Hough, 18, 87). Graham Co. (Co-
ville, 1946) . Williams (Tourney, 292}. San Francisco Mts. (Sitgreaves,
1851, -a dwarf, slender form, f. nana-Pl. 14; Knowlton, 188; Tourney,
1894). Flagstaff (MacDougal, 142). Grand Canon (Seler, 4731; Hedg-
cock, 4911; Hottes, 1914; Spaulding, 302; Tourney, 10). Bonelli's Ferry
(Goodding, 725). Pagumpa (Jones, 5095aa) . Cosnino (Jones, 4041).
Paradise (Ferriss). Ash Fork (Hedgcock, 15980). Bass Creek (Pils-
brii. 1906). Cave Creek (Pilsbry, 1906). Without locality (Bischoff;
(iirard; Palmer; Vasey; Kuntze, 23231). Sedona (Hedgcock, 4939).
NEW MEXICO. Santa Fe (Fendler, 281, 1847,-the type; Heller, 3534).
Ruckman (Hottes, 1914). Copper Mines (Thurber, 1851). Near the
Zuni (Bigelow, 3). Silver City (Greene, 1880; Hedgcock & Long, 9854).
Mogollon Mts. (Rusby, 390, 7262). Fort Bayard (Mulford, 374; Hed-
ricks, 180; Johnson, 8270, 8279; Munro, 15112). Fort Wingate (Mat-
1hews,1883). Socorro (Plank, 1895). Gray (Skehan, 1899). Hermosa
(Wooton, 2866). Lincoln Co. (Woot on, 386). Queen (Wooton, 1909).
Organ Mts. (Wooton, 1900; Ferriss). Burro Mts. (Metcalfe, 737).
Grant Co. (Blumer, 95, 105, 109, 110). Gila River (Vreeland, 806). Gila
Forest (Hedgcock & Long, 9862; Munro, 15111). Pinos Altos (Hedg-
cock, 784, 9833). Sandia Mts. (Hedgcock, 1512). North of Fierro
(Diehl,296). Caiioncito (Brandegee, 1879). Cooledge (Munson & Hop-
kins, 1889). Magdalena (Herrick, 985). Anton Chico (Griffiths, 11135).
Without locality (Douglass, 1887; Wright, 1788). TEXAS. Davis Mts.
(Earle & Tracy, 334). Placitos (Hedgcock, 16545). MEXICO. CHIHUA-
HUA. Colonia Garcia (Townsend & Barber, 164). Sierra Madre. (Prin-
gle, 1358) .

PHORADENDRON LIBOCEDRI Howell.

Phoradendron Libocedri Howell, Fl. N. W. Amer. vol. 1. p. 608. 1902.
P. juniperinum Libocedri Engelmann in Watson, Bot. Calif, vol. 2. p. 105.
1880.

Not forked, the elongated slender somewhat squarish branches without
cataphyls, dioecious. Internodes short ( 1-2x10 mm. ) , cellular-granulated.
Stem scales spreading, half-ovate, occasionally obscurely constricted at
base, about 1 mm. long. Spikes solitary, very short (3 mm.), smooth,
with a single short joint 2-flowered when pistillate and 6- or 8-flowered
when staminate : peduncle 2 mm. long : scales rather blunt. Fruit straw-
colored, subglobose, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals erect, parted. — Plates
2, 6, 15.

Californian region, usually on Libocedrus. — The type from California.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. OREGON. Waldo (Howell,
1884,1887). CALIFORNIA. Lassen's Peak (Lemmon, 1875 — to be taken as
type). Klamath Forest (Hedgcock, 1895). Duffield's Ranch (Bigelow,

24 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

1, 1854). Calaveras Grove (Hutchens, 1900; also on Abies). Sierraville
(Lemmon, 1879) . Tehipite Valley (Hall & Chandler, 527} . Black Butte
(Engelmann, 1880) . Eldorado Co. (Hansen, 1887). Yreka (Hedgcock,
1898; Pond, 183). Amador Co. (Curran, 1886; Hansen, 74, 721).
Butte Co. (Bruce, 687). Mariposa (Congdon, 1903). Sugar Pine
(£cfter/ee,1914). Wawona (Solereder, 1893). Yosemite Valley (Hottes,
1914 ; Hedgcock & Meinecke, 4805) . Kern River Valley ( Coville & Funs-
ton, 1729). Colby (Austin, 698). Fish Camp (Hedgcock & Meinecke,
4830) . San Bernardino Mountains (Parrij & Lemmon, 373 ; Parry, 877 ;
Rusby, 1909; Parish, 970, 5071; 3005, on Pinus). Riverside (Grant,
4517). San Jacinto Mountains (Leiberg, 3150; Grant, 977; Hall, 2565).
San Diego Co. (Stokes, 1895). Cuyamaca Mountains (Orcutt, 234).
NEVADA. Franktown, Washoe Co. (Lewers, 1892). Lincoln Co. (? Co-
ville & Funston, 307). MEXICO. LOWER CALIFORNIA. Without locality
(Brandegee, 1893).

Phoradendron ligatum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather elongated and slender somewhat squarish
branches without cataphyls, dioecious. Internodes short (2x5-10 mm.),
rather prominently cellular-granular. Stem scales spreading, nearly
half-round, sharply constricted-grooved at base but not deciduous, 1 mm.
long. Spikes solitary, very short (2 mm.), smooth : peduncle about 1 mm.
long. Fruit?.— Plates 3, 15.

Californian region passing into the western Sierra Madre ( 1 exclu-
sively) on Juniperus. — The type from Oregon. The western representa-
tive of the Rocky Mountain P. juniperinum, from which it is scarcely sep-
arable except by its curiously constricted scales.

Specimens examined : — UNITED STATES. OREGON. Crook Co. ( Cusick,
2637, -the type; Leiberg, 285; WJiited, 3179). Klamath Lake (Coville,
1351). CALIFORNIA. Mono Pass (Bolander, 1866). Sierraville (Lem-
mon, 1875, 1879). Amador Co. (Hansen, 721). Plumas Co. (Austin,
1876). Modoc Co. (Manning, 58). Sisson (Lyon, 1905). Warren Mts.
(Griffiths & Hunter, 405). San Bernardino Mts. (Parish, 1444)
NEVADA. Virginia City (Bloomer, 1863-4). Reno (t Hillman, 11715).
Franktown (Lewers). Without locality (Clendon, 1871; Wlieeler, 1872;
Pratten). MEXICO. DURANGO. Santiago Papasquiaro (Palmer, 79).
CHIHUAHUA. Huajotitan (Endlicli, 1164). Guachochi (Goldman, 178) .
"Sierra Madre" ( ? Jones, Sept. 23, 1903,-on Cupressus).

2. BOLLEANAE.

Leaves sessile, articulated with the stem, scale-like (but fleshy) in the
first species only. Californian and Chihuahuan regions, extending to the
Pacific island Guadalupe and the eastern Sierra Madre of Mexico in a
single species each.

BOREALES— BOLLEANAE 25

Leaves short, resembling scales, but thick and disarticulating: glabrous:
spike 1- jointed. P. minutifolium.

Leaves linear-oblong.

Tomentose : spike often 2- or 3-jointed. P. capitellatum.

Minutely papillate or hispid : spike mostly 1- jointed.

Staminate spike about 12-flowered. P. tequilense.

Staminate spike about 6-flowered. P. saltUlense.

Leaves somewhat spatulately linear. P. Bolleanum.

Leaves oblanceolate-spatulate.
Spike mostly 1-jointed.

Staminate spike about 12-flowered. On Juniperus. P. densum.
Staminate spike about 8-flowered. On Abies, etc. P. pauciflorum.
Spike mostly 2-jointed: Staminate spike about 6-flowered.

P. guadalupense.
PHORADENDRON MINUTIFOLIUM (Urban).

PJioradendrum minutifolium Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beiblatt 57.
p. 2. 1897.

Not forked, the moderately short and slender somewhat squarish
branches without cataphyls, dioecious. Internodes short (1-2x10 mm.),
glabrous. Leaves scale-shaped as in the preceding but fleshier, spreading,
half-ovate, acute, articulated at base and deciduous, 2-3 mm. long. Spikes
solitary, very short (scarcely 3 mm.), smooth, with a single joint.
Fruit 1— Plate 16.

Eastern Sierra Madre region ( ? exclusively) on Juniperus. — The
type from Eastern Mexico. Forming a transition to the preceding group.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Llanos de Perote (Schiede, 402,-ihe
type). Cofre de Perote (Humboldt, -associated with Arceuthobium
vaginatum) .

Phoradendron capitellatum Torrey, n. sp.

Phoradendron capitellatum Torrey in herb.

Viscum Reichenbachianum Seemann, Bot. Herald, p. 295. 1852-7, — as
to the Wright citation only.

Not forked, the moderately long and slender branches without cata-
phyls, dioecious. Internodes short (1-3x5-10 mm.), at least for a time
densely stellate-tomentose. Leaves narrowly elliptical-oblong or in-
volutely linear, submucronately acute, sessile, 2x10-15 mm. Spikes soli-
tary, very short (5 mm.), with mostly 2 rounded joints 2-flowered when
pistillate and about 6-flowered in 6 series when staminate : scales somewhat
hairy: peduncle suppressed. Fruit straw-colored, subglobose, about
4 mm. in diameter : sepals somewhat pointed. — Plate 17.

Chihuahuan region ( ? exclusively) on Juniperus, — The type from
New Mexico.

26 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Specimens examined : — UNITED STATES. NEW MEXICO. Without local-
ity (Wright, 1787, 1851-2 -the type; Greene, 1880). Stem's Pass
(Tourney, 1895). Florita Mts. (Jones, Sept. 1903). Alamogordo (Rehn
& Viereck, Apr. 1902). Dog Mts. (Mearns, 300). Carrozalillo Mts.
(Mearns, 172). S. Luis Mts. (Mearns, 2485) . TEXAS. Western Texas to
El Paso (Wright, 630, 1849). ARIZONA. Near Clifton (Greene, 1880).
South of Flagstaff (Drake, 15118, 15118a). Pajarito Mts. (Schott, July
1855 ; Trelease, 363) . White Tail (Pilsbry, Nov. 1906) . Chiricahua Mts.
(Blumer, 1524, 1957, 1989, 1906). Sanoita Valley (Lemmon, 266).
Oracle (Hedgcock, 9685). Bowie (Jones, Sept. 1884). MEXICO. SONORA.
Guadalupe Canon (Merton, 2073; Mearns, 2529). S. Pedro to Fronteras
(Hartman, 944).

Phoradendron tequilense n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather short (1-2x5-10 mm.), closely papillate.
Leaves linear- or oblong-elliptical, acute or mucronate, sessile, 2x10-15
mm. Spikes mostly solitary, short (4-7 mm.), nearly smooth, 1- jointed
and 2-flowered when pistillate and capitately about 12-flowered, or with
2 such globose joints, when staminate: peduncle 3-5 mm. long. Fruit
straw-colored, subglobose, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals conically somewhat
parted. — Plate 18.

Western Sierra Madre region ( ? exclusively) on Thuya. — The type
from Jalisco.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Sierra de Tequila, Jal. (Pringie,
4434, 1893,— the type).

PHORADENDRON BOLLEANUM Eichler.

Phoradendron Bolleanum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 134 m. 1868.
Viscum Bolleanum Seemann, Bot Herald, p. 295. pi. 63. 1852-7.

Not forked, the rather short and stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes short (1-2x5-15 mm.), evanescently minutely and
sparingly short-hispid. Leaves somewhat spatulately linear-elliptical,
submucronately acute, sessile, 2-4x mostly 10-15 mm. Spikes often clus-
tered, very short (3 mm.), somewhat hispid, the mostly single joint
2-flowered when pistillate and about 4-flowered when staminate : peduncle
2 mm. long. Fruit straw-colored, subglobose, about 4 mm. in diameter :
sepals somewhat parted. — Plate 19.

Chihuahuan and Western Sierra Madre regions, usually on Juniperus,
one specimen on Arbutus. — The type from Chihuahua.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. TEXAS. Without locality
(Boundary Survey, 1235; Nealley, 1890). Cornudas Mts. (Havard, 83).

BOREALES— BOLLEANAE 27

MEXICO. CHIHUAHUA. Sierra Madre (Seemann,-ihe type of V. Bollea-
num; Endlicli, 1222: Jones, Sept. 1903, — a form with short leaves 2x7
mm., approaching the preceding in roughening and length of peduncle.
Near San Julian (Nelson, 4921}. Santa Eulalia Mts. (Pringle, 256,
1885). DURANGO. Vicinity of Durango ( 1 Palmer, 778, — noted as on a
Madrona, apparently Arbutus arizonica, and hence very aberrant in the
group which is usually found on conifers). Mesa de Sandia (Goodding,
2149). Guanacevi (Nelson, 4756}. TEPIC. Sta. Teresa (Rose, 3442}.

Phoradendron saltillense n. sp.

Not forked, the moderately long and stout branches without cata-
phyls, dioecious. Internodes short (2-4x10-20 mm.), papillate-hispid.
Leaves narrowly oblong, submucronately acute, sessile, 2-3x20-30 mm.
Spikes more or less clustered, short (5-6 mm.), nearly smooth, the single
joint 2-flowered when pistillate and about 6-flowered when staminate:
peduncle 2 mm. long. Fruit?. — Plate 16.

Chihuahuan region ( ? exclusively) on Juniperus. — The type from
northern Mexico.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. San Antonio de las Alazanes, near
Saltillo (Gregg, 399, 1848,— the type).

Phoradendron densum Torrey n. sp.
Phoradendron densum Torrey in herb.

Not forked, the rather short and thick branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes short (-2-4x5-10 mm.), usually papillate-rough-
ened. Leaves shortly oblanceolate, usually very obtuse, sessile, 4-6x12-15
or rarely 20 mm. Spikes sometimes clustered, very short (3 mm.),
smooth, with 1 or rarely 2 joints 2-flowered when pistillate and about
12-flowered when staminate : peduncle 1-2 mm. long. Fruit straw-colored,
subglobose, about 4 mm. in diameter : sepals somewhat parted. — Plate 20.

Calif omian and Sonoran regions ( ? chiefly) on Juniperus. — The
type from California.

Specimens examined : — UNITED STATES. OREGON. Lake Co. ( Cusick,
2260a}. Klamath Reservation (Covttle, 1352}. Scott River Valley
(Pond, 191}. Klamath Co. (Walpole, 418; Applegate, 1899). CALI-
FORNIA. Mt. Shasta (WUkes Exped., 1567, 1838-42— the type). Near
Shasta (? Coffman, 1913 — on Cupressus}. Duffield's Ranch (IBigelow,
1, 1854). Klamath River (Engelmann; Butler, 1071}. Inyo Mts. (Co-
ville & Funston, 589}. Geysers, Lake Co. (Brewer, 865}. Siskiyou Co.
(Copeland, 3542; Walpole, 230; Eastwood, 3542}. Hoey (Tillotson,
8329}. Yreka (Engelmann & Sargent, 1880). Lassen Co. (Baker &

28 THE GENUS PHORADENDKON

Nutting, 1894). Hesperia (Trelease, 1892). San Jacinto Reserve (Lei-
berg, 3161}, Los Angeles Co. (Elmer, 3607; Hasse; Abrams & Mc-
Gregor, 543; Chamberlain). San Bernardino Mts. (Coville & Funston,
130). San Felipe (Palmer, 442). San Diego Co. (Orcutt; Mearns, 3013,
3198; Schoenfeldt, 3045). Sta. Rosa Mts. (Smith, 5483). Kentucky
Springs (Davy, 205). Cuyama (Eastwood, 1896). Antelope Valley
(Hough; Davy, 2603). Without locality (Kuntze, 3168). MEXICO.
SONORA. San Rafael (Jones, 37032, 1882).

In the south the leaves are prevailingly narrower than in the north,
particularly so in Parish, 899, from the San Bernardino Mountains, for
which the name f . Parishii may be used. — Plate 21. What must be taken
for P. densum occurs also in Arizona ( Sedona, near Flagstaff, Hedgcock,
4915 in part — on Cupressus).

PHORADENDRON PAUCIFLORUM Torrey.

Phoradendron pauciflorum Torrey, Bot. Whipple. p. 134. 1857. (Senate
Ex. Doc. no. 78. 33d Congress, 2d Session, — Report of expl. and surv.
. . . Miss, river to the Pacific, vol. 4. pt. 4, Torrey, Description of the
general botanical collections) .

Not forked, the rather lax and long branches without cataphyls, di-
oecious. Internodes long for the group (2-4x15-40 mm.), somewhat gran-
ular-varnished. Leaves oblanceolate-elliptical, submucronately obtuse,
sessile, 5-7x20-30 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, very short (scarcely 5
mm.), with 1 or rarely 2 joints 2-flowered when pistillate and about
8-flowered when staminate : peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long. Fruit straw-
colored, subglobose, 4 mm. in diameter: sepals somewhat parted. —
Plate 22.

Californian region ( ? exclusively) on Abies and Cupressus.* — The
type from California.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Duffield's
Ranch (Bigelow, 2, 1854, — to be taken as type). Mariposa (Congdon,
1903). Trail to Big Carson (Eastwood, 1897-8 — on Cupressus). Kern
Co. (Coville & Funston, 1192, 1891; Davy, 2027). Baldy Trail (Mc-
Clatchie,1893). Mount Tamalpais (Eastwood, 1898). Bear Valley, San
Bernardino Mts. (Parish, 1443; Jones, 1900). San Jacinto Reserve (Lei-
berg, 3152). Cajon Pass (Bigelow, Mar. 16, 1854). Cuyamaca Mts
(Orcutt, 545). Fish Camp (Hedgcock & Meinecke, 4829). MEXICO.
LOWER CALIFORNIA. San Pedro Martir (Brandegee, 1893).

I do not distinguish from this, except in a somewhat longer basal
attenuation of the leaves and the occurrence of about 14 flowers on each

*Cf. Hedgcock, Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 179, for a note on the hosts of this
and allied species — not clearly separated.

BOEEALES— FLAVESCENTES 29

joint of the staminate spikes, specimens on Abies from the Sta. Catalina
Forest Reserve, Arizona ( J. S. Holmes, Aug. 7, 1906 ; Hedgcock & Long,
9720}.

Phoradendron guadalupense n. sp.

Not forked, the moderately long and lax branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes moderately short (2-4x10-15 mm.), slightly pa-
pillate. Leaves oblanceolate-spatulate, very obtuse, sessile, 5-8x15-30
mm. Spikes often clustered, rather long for the group (nearly 10 mm.),
smooth, with usually 2 or 3 joints 2-flowered when pistillate and about
6-flowered when staminate: peduncle 1-2 mm. long, sometimes bearing
flowers. Fruit?.— Plates 22, 23.

Western insular region of Mexico. — The type from Guadalupe.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Guadalupe Island (Palmer, 85,
1875, — the type : the host plant not noted).

B. PLURISERIALES.

Stems never winged. Spikes more or less elongated, 2- to 6-jointed,
each joint with 6 or more flowers mostly in 6 series. Berries globose or
ellipsoidal, smooth and in most species glabrous, moderately small (3 to
mostly 4 or 5 mm.), white or slightly tinged with greenish yellow. The
young growth at least is puberulent or hairy. Continental North Amer-
ica, centering about northern Mexico.

Leaves never long, usually small ; shoots not flattened.

Leaves moderate. Chiefly northern. FLAVESCENTES.

Leaves small. Southern. BRACHYSTACHYAE.

Leaves large and hairy. Southern. FERRUGINEAE.
Leaves long and relatively large.

Shoots not flattened. VELUTINAE.

Shoots compressed at nodes, LONGIFOLIAE.

3. FLAVESCENTES.

Leaves usually relatively broad, never large or greatly elongated, very
obtuse. Shoots, if evanescently somewhat square, neither acutely angled
nor much compressed. United States and adjacent Mexico.
Berries relatively large (4-5 mm.), glabrous except in the last group,
with sepals over one-half mm. long : leaves prevailingly oblanceolate.
Staminate spikes slender, the nearly glabrous few-flowered joints 2-7
mm. long. — Eastern.

Leaves prevailingly oblanceolate-obovate : rather stout.

Fruiting spikes short (20-40 mm.) with crowded whorls of
berries. P. flavescens.

30 THE GENUS PHOKADENDRON

Fruiting spikes elongated (60-70 mm.) with separated
whorls of berries. P. macrotomum.

Leaves narrower, subspatulate : slender. P. Eatoni.

Staminate spikes mostly stouter and longer, the rather many-flow-
ered joints 6-15 mm. long. Southwestern, Pacific or Mexican.
Spikes canescently tomentose.

Staminate spikes moderate (15-20 mm.). Texan.

P. Engelmanni.
Staminate spikes long (40-60 mm.). North Mexican.

P. Greggii.

Spikes short. East Mexican. P. thyrsoideum.

Spikes yellow-hispid, moderate. East Mexican. P. colipense.
Spikes glabrous or sparsely villous.

Leaves rounded. P. macro pJiyllum.

Leaves oblanceolate.

Flowers large. New Mexican. P. Cockerellii.

Flowers moderate. Desert. P. coloradense.

Spikes rather canescently short-villous. Californian.

P. longispicum.

Staminate spikes short, the few-flowered short-villous joints scarcely
5 mm. long : fruit somewhat villous.

Short-villous. Californian. P. villosum.

Velvety-tomentose. Mexican. P. tomentosum.

Minutely rusty-pubescent. Mexican. P. puberulum.

Berries small (3 mm.), pubescent above, with sepals scarcely one-third

mm. long : leaves prevailingly rounded. Southwestern.

Leaves moderate (often 25x30 mm.). P. Coryae.

Leaves small (10x15-20 mm.).

Spikes closely tomentose. Texan. P. Havardianum.

Spikes slightly villous. North Mexican. P. Wilkinsoni.

PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS Nuttall.

Plioradendron fiavescens Nuttall, Journ. Acad. Philadelphia, n. s. vol. 1.

p. 185. 1847. — v. Ettingshausen, Denkschr. Akad. Wien. vol. 32.

pt. 1. pi. 2.— Britton & Brown, 111. Fl. vol. 1. f . 1272.— Amer. Journ.

Pharm. vol. 55. p. 421. f.— Coulter, Barnes & Cowles, Text Book.

vol. 2. f . 1084.— Garman, Bull. Ky. Agr. Exper. Sta. no. 169. f . 12.—

Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. 4 ed. 4 :1312. f . 1766.
P. flavescens glabriusculum Engelmann, Boston Journ. Nat. Hist. vol. 6.

p. 212. 1850.
Viscum flavescens Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. vol. 1. p. 114. 1814. — de Can-

dolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 280.
V. leucarpum Rafinesque, Fl. Ludov. p. 79. 1817.
V. leucocarpum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 280. 1830.
V. serotinum Rafinesque, New Fl. N. Amer. vol. 3. p. 22. 1836.
V. ochroleucum Rafinesque, 1. c. p. 23. 1836.

POREALES— FLAVESCENTES 31

W. oblongifolium Rafinesque, 1. c. p. 23. 1836.
V. rugosum Rafinesque, I. c. p. 24. 1836.

V. verticillatum Audubon, Birds of Amer. vol. 4. pi. 369 ; quarto ed. vol.
3. pi. 143.

Not forked, the rather short and stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather short (2-4x15-30 mm.), like the foliage be-
coming nearly glabrous from slightly but not canescently tomentose.
Leaves oblanceolate to obovate, very obtuse, 1.5-2 or 3 or even 4.5x2-5 cm.,
rather fleshy, obscurely 3- to 5-nerved or also veiny, cuneately subpetioled
for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, short (10-15 or rarely 20 mm.,
lengthening to 25-40 mm. in fruit), at first puberulent, with about 4 short
joints clavately 6-flowered when pistillate and subglobose and about 12-
flowered when staminate: peduncle 2-6 mm. long: scales more or less
short-pilose. Fruit white or whitish, globose or somewhat ellipsoidal,
glabrous, about 4x5 mm., in approximate whorls: sepals nearly or quite
glabrous, closely inflexed. — Plates 5, 24, 25.

Atlantic United States, on a great variety of Angiosperms* (Acer,
Gleditsia, Nyssa, Platanus, Quercus, Ulmus, etc.), of which it most com-
monly affects only one in a given region, doubtless illustrating the same
host-adaptation as the mistletoe of northern Europe, Viscum album, with
which it was at first confused. — The type to be understood as of Carolina.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. NEW JERSEY. Without lo-
cality (Miihlenberg, 639, in Herb. Willdenow as no. 18295, — Viscum pur-
pureum "Willdenow, not L. ; Cuming, 1823 ; Schweinitz, 1829 ; Korfhals,
1843; Eby, 1894). [Monmouth or Ocean Co.?] (Knieskern). Atsion
(Tatnall). Middletown (Torrey). PENNSYLVANIA. Cumberland Mts.
(Kaflnesque, 1823, — V. serotinum). Martio (Eby. 1888). DELAWARE.
Eastern short (Canby, 1880). Without locality (Nuttall; Beyrich; Read).
Newcastle Co. (Canby, 1862). MARYLAND. Montgomery Co. (Darling-
ton). Baltimore (Harper, 1888). Eastern shore (Stevens, 1885). DIS-
TRICT OF COLUMBIA. Washington (Ward, 1876). VIRGINIA. Without lo-
cality (Buckley; Stocking; Vasey, 1875). Bedford Co. (Curtiss, 1872).
Virginia Beach (Britton, 1892). Norfolk Co. (Heller, 750). Hanover
Co. (Henry, 1890). Dismal Swamp (Kearney, 2356). Near Washington
(Hedgcock, 8269). WEST VIRGINIA. Without data (McCarthy). Hunt-
ington (Killingsworth, 1915). NORTH CAROLINA. Without locality (Bald-
win, 307,— Pursh herb. ; Buysman, 1883 ; McCarthy, 1879). Hot Springs
(Ransdell). Swain Co. (Beardslee & Kofoid, 1891). Biltmore (Butm,ore
Herb., 4339a). Chapel Hill (Coker, 1911). Great Lake (Brown, 114).
SOUTH CAROLINA. Without locality (Bosc; Curtis, 1852). Charleston
(Clark, 1857). Abbeville (Diedrick, 118). Santee Canal (Ravenel).

*A list of hosts is given by Hedgcock in Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 178.

32 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Oconee Co. (Anderson). GEORGIA. Without locality (Beyrich, 1834).
Oconee & Gwinnett Cos. (Small, 1893). Darien (Smith, 2310}. Thomson
(Bartlett, 6). FLORIDA. Without locality (Martin). Apalachicola (Dean).
Jacksonville (Faxon, 1873). Beresford (Hulst, 1893). Lake City (Rolfs,
538; Bitting, 1079). Brooksville (Long, 15169). ALABAMA. Without lo-
cality (Bigelow). Gainesville (Soulard, 1872). Auburn (Earle & Baker,
1897; Graham, 1911). Talladega Springs (Pollard & Morgan, 247a).
MISSISSIPPI. Natchez (Shimek, 1898). LOUISIANA. Without locality
(Tainturier; Trudeau). New Orleans (Drummond, 140, 1832). Baton
Rouge (Dodson, 1896 ; Edmunds; Edgerton) . ARKANSAS. Without local-
ity (Rafinesque, — V. serotinum). Fort Smith (Bigelow, 77, 1853). Jud-
sonia (Meek, 1889). Independence (Eggert, 1896). Black Rock (Rolfs,
1891). Little Rock (Basse; von Schrenk & McCrory, 1912). Ft. Cobb to
Ft. Arbuckle (Palmer, 254, 1868). Earle (Pittmann, 1902). Batesville
(Smith, 183, — the 5-jointed staminate spikes nearly 40 mm. long).
OKLAHOMA. Verdigris (Bush, 526). Tulsa (Davidson, 1898). Musko-
gee (Brainerd, 1911). MISSOURI, Dunklin Co. (Bush, 1892). Ashville
(Eggert, 1892). Poplar Bluff (Eggert, 450; Eby, 1893 ; Savage & Stull,
1174). TENNESSEE. Without locality (Chadbourne) . Memphis (Fend-
ler). Decatur Co. (Ames, 1858). Knox Co. (Ruth, 176, 177, 1426).
Nashville (Lapham, 1874; Palmer, 1897). KENTUCKY. Without local-
ity (Rafinesque, — V. serotinum; Steetz). Lexington (Short). Corydon
(Powell). Shelbyville (Herb. Jones., 2459). Bowling Green (Price).
ILLINOIS. "Champaign Co." (Perriam, — doubtless an error of locality).
Pulaski Co. (Brendel, 1860). Metropolis (Gleason, 1902). Mt. Carmel
(Trelease). Villa Ridge (Raymond, 1869). INDIANA. Without locality
(Prince Wied Neuwied, 1838). New Harmony (Engelmann, 706, 1835).
Evansville (Marker, 1901). OHIO. Without locality (Frank, 1835,
1837). Banks of the Ohio (Engelmann, 1840). Near North Bend (Short,
1852). Lawrence Co. (Werner, 1892). Cleveland (Krebs, 101).

Rafinesque, in the mistletoes of the region east of the Mississippi
river, saw five species: — (1) Viscum ochroleucum, with subsessile obo-
vate 3-nerved leaves, spikes nearly equaling them, and yellowish white
berries, — from New Jersey to Florida; (2) V. rugosum, with petiolate
obovate or broadly elliptical 3-nerved leaves, very short spikes, and white
berries turning red when dry, — from Delaware and Virginia. These two
seem to represent the range of forms in the northern Atlantic States,
and, dating from 1836, their specific names, under Viscum, are later than
flavescens of Pursh (1814) under the same genus. The flowering of
ochroleucum is said to be vernal; (3) V. serotinum (PI. 25), with sub-
petiolate obovate hardly nerved leaves longer than the spikes, and snowy
white berries turning purplish when dry, — from Kentucky, Illinois and
Missouri. This is said to flower in the autumn and early winter, and

BOREALES— FLAVESCENTES 33

the description agrees well with the plants of the middle west, which,
like Rafinesque's specimens, are hardly distinguishable from those of
the east; the name (1836) can not displace the earlier flavescens; (4)
V. leucarpum, with sessile oblong probably nerveless leaves, glomerate
spikes with the flowers in twos or threes, and white berries, — from west-
ern Louisiana and probably Texas. In the more elongated leaves this
description agrees sufficiently well with the plant now known from Louis-
iana, though scarcely separable from the narrower-leaved eastern form
except in its fewer and more distant fruits. Dating from 1817, this
name also is more recent than flavescens. The last of the Rafinesque
species, (5) V. oblongifolium, with petiolate oblong or narrowly elliptical
somewhat 3-nerved leaves, very short spikes, and solitary oblong
"red"[ ?] berries, from Florida, can scarcely be compared with anything
known to me except the close ally of flavescens collected by Mr. Eaton in
the Everglades, — from which region Rafinesque is not known to have seen
material. Like most of the preceding, this name dates from 1836, so
that it cannot be made to replace the earlier flavescens, though if it could
be shown to pertain to Mr. Eaton's plant it would have priority (under
Viscum) over the name now given to that Phoradendron. The only spe-
cies of Rafinesque of which I have seen specimens is labeled Viscum
serotinum, — from the Cumberland Mountains of Pennsylvania and an
unspecified locality in Arkansas, in the Delessert Herbarium ; and from
an unspecified locality in Kentucky, at the Academy of Science of Phila-
delphia.

A curious fact in the history of this species is that Pursh, who un-
mistakably meant the Viscum album of Walter, wrote flavescens Willde-
now [Swartz], instead of flavens Willdenow, with which West Indian
species he ambiguously identifies the mistletoe of the southeastern United
States which thus obtained its now long-established specific name through
accidental copying or deliberate emendation (for it is twice spelled
flavescens) of a preoccupied name. It may be noted, too, that Eichler
wrote flavum instead of flavens in the key of his masterly analysis of
the genus in tropical America.

Though Willdenow had the present species in his herbarium (PL 25)
as representing the Viscum purpureum of Linnaeus, there can be little
doubt that Linnaeus himself intended this name to apply to the West
Indian mistletoe figured on plate 95 of Catesby's great work, which
obviously represents a Dendropemon, to which genus the Linnean spe-
cies is now, and properly, referred.

PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS ORBICULATUM Engelmann.

Phoradendron flavescens orbiculatum Engelmann, Boston Journ. Nat.
Hist. vol. 6. p. 212. 1850.

34 THE GENUS PHORADENDEON

P. orbiculatum Engelinann, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. s. vol. 4. p. 59. 1849.

Differs from the type, into which it seems to pass, in its character-
istically nearly round leaves, 15-25x20-30 mm. — Plate 26.

Southwestern Atlantic region ( ? exclusively) on Quercus. — The type
from Arkansas.

Specimens examined. — UNITED STATES. ARKANSAS. Little Rock
(Engelmann, 707, 1837, — the type of P. orbiculatum ; von Schrerik, 1912) .
Arkansas Post (Kellogg, 1909). OKLAHOMA. Without locality (From
8. F. Trelease, 1915). LOUISIANA. Shreveport (von Schrenk, 1912).
TEXAS. Dallas (Bush, 1160}. Trinity River (1 Mearns, 171). Quitman
(Long ,12048).

PHORADENDRON MACROTOMUM Trelease.

Phoradendron macrotomum Trelease in Small, Shrubs of Fla. p. 121.
1913.

Not forked, the moderate branches without cataphyls, dioecious. In-
ternodes rather long (2-4x30-40 mm.). Leaves prevailingly oblanceolate,
very obtuse, 1.5-2x5-7 cm., cuneately petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes
mostly solitary, moderate (20-30 mm.), lengthening to 60 or 70 mm. in
fruit), somewhat pubescent, with about 5 joints clavately about 6-flow-
ered when pistillate and some 20-flowered when staminate : peduncle 2-6
mm. long: scales somewhat tomentose. Fruit more or less greenish
white, rather ellipsoidal, glabrous, 4x5 mm., in distinctly separated
whorls : sepals nearly glabrous, closely inflexed. — Plates 5, 27.

South Atlantic region, on Fraxinus, Nyssa, Prunus, Punica, Quercus,
Xantnoxylum, etc. — The type from Florida.

Specimens examined : — UNITED STATES. FLORIDA. Jacksonville ( Cur-
iiss, 4569, 1894,— the type ; 2459; LightMpe, 1897 ; Long, 15214) . Hills-
borough Co. (Frednolm, 6474). Hibernia (Canby, 1869). Without lo-
cality (Gray, 1842; Gilbert, 1883). Manatee (Simpson, 49). Clarcona
(Meislahn, 155). Orange Springs (M ell, 1907). Gainesville (Scnnabel,
1911; Long, 15133, 15242). Red Bay (Ward, 1912). Clearwater Har-
bor (PUsbry, 1904). Palatka (Smith, 1872). Lynne (Long, 15180,
15180a, 15181). Fort Myers (Long, 15155-6).

PHORADENDRON EATONI Trelease.
PTioradendron Eatoni Trelease in Small, Shrubs of Fla. p. 121. 1913.

Not forked, the slender branches without cataphyls, dioecious. Inter-
nodes moderately long (1-3x15-30 mm.), glabrescent. Leaves oblanceo-
late-elliptical, very obtuse, 1-1.5x2.5-4 or 5 cm. Spikes solitary, short
(5-10 or 15 mm.), minutely velvety, with 2 or 3 rounded or shortly

BOREALES— FLAVESCENTES 35

oblong joints 6- to 12- or even 30-flowered when staminate : peduncle 1-2
mm. long: scales minutely velvety. Pistillate flowers and fruit?. —
Plate 28.

South Atlantic region ( ? exclusively) on Fraxinus. — The type from
Florida.

Specimens examined: UNITED STATES. FLORIDA. Deep Lake, Lee
Co. (Alvah A. Eaton, 1310, Mar. 1905, the type). Hancock Creek
(Harsliberger, 1912).

Phoradendron Engelmanni n. nom.

Phoradendron flavescens pubescens Engelmann, Boston Journ. Nat. Hist.

vol. 6. p. 212. 1850.
P. flavescens Stevens & Hall, Diseases of Econ. PI. f. 187.

Not forked, the moderate branches without cataphyls, dioecious. In-
ternodes rather short (2-5x20-40 mm.), subcanescently tomentose like
the foliage. Leaves obovate to oblanceolate, very obtuse, 1.5-2.5x3-5 cm.,
cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate
(15-20 mm., lengthening to 30-40 mm. in fruit), canescent, with some
4 or 5 joints rather clavately 6- to 12-flowered when pistillate or oblong
and 20- to 30-flowered when staminate: peduncle 2-3 mm. long: scales
tomentose. Fruit white, subglobose, glabrous, about 5 mm. in diameter,
in rather close whorls : sepals nearly or quite glabrous, closely inflexed. —
Plates 5, 29, 30, 31.

East Texan region, on Celtis, Madura, Quercus, Ulmus and, very con-
spicuously, Prosopis* — The type from Texas.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. TEXAS. Vicinity of New
Braunfels (Lindheimer, 406, 1846— the type; 115, 1120, 227, 1121, 1849;
445, 1122, 1850). Comancheries (Berlandier, 678, 2088, 1828). Bexar
Co. (Jermy, 1904). San Antonio (Ferriss). Gillespie Co. (Jermy).
Nolan Co. (Broadhead, 1887). Lampasas Co. (Joor). Melissa (Pammel,
1888). Dallas Co. (Reversion, 837}. Austin (Heald, 1909, 1911; Long,
15103; Hedgcock, 422, 427). Mitchell Co. (Holstein). West Texas
(Soulard, 1882). Davis Mts. (Tracy & Earle, 188). Fayette Co. (Mat-
tlies,573). MEXICO. CHIHUAHUA. Ciudad Juarez (Stearns, 1911).

Phoradendron Engelmanni Claviger n. var.

Differing from the type in its more elongated fruiting spikes (40-50
mm.) with distinctly separated whorls of fruit. — Plates 5, 21.

With the type, into which it probably merges, chiefly on Prosopis. —
The type from Texas.

*A list and analysis of host plants in Texas is given by Bray, Bull. Bur. PI. Ind.,
U. S. Dep. Agr. No. 166. p. 22.

36 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. TEXAS. Millett (Trelease,
1897,— the type). Waco (Heller, 1376). Bluffdale (Ward, Oct. 12,
1891, — on Quercus). Bexar Co. (Jermy, 1904). Kaufman Co. (Tyler,
1904) . Big Spring (Rose, Standley & Russell, 12211 ) . Without locality
(Menzel). Austin (Long, 12041, — on Celtis).

Phoradendron Greggii n. sp.

Phoradendron flavescens tomentosum Engelmann in Watson, Bot. Calif,
vol. 2. p. 105. 1880.

Not forked, the rather short and slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather short (2x20-30 mm.), densely velvety to-
mentose, like the foliage. Leaves oblanceolate-elliptical or broader, very
obtuse, 1-1.5x2.5-3 or even 2x4.5 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 2-4 mm.
Spikes often clustered, long (30-60 mm.), tomentose, with 4 or 5 joints
somewhat clavately about 8-flowered when pistillate and oblong and 30-
or 40-flowered when staminate: peduncle 2-5 mm. long: scales velvety -
tomentose. Fruit white, subglobose, glabrous, about 5 mm. in diameter,
in rather distinct whorls : sepals more or less puberulent, closely inflexed.
—Plate 22.

Chihuahuan region ( ? exclusively) on Acacia and Prosopis. — The
type from northern Mexico.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Rinconada, between Monterrey and
Saltillo (Gregg, 31, pistillate, ,254, staminate, 1847, — the types). Topo
Chico, Monterrey (Herb. Field Mus.). Jimulco (Pringle, 845). With-
out data (? Pringle, 1883). Pena, Coahuila (Purpus, 1106).

Phoradendron thyrsoideum n. sp.

Not forked, the moderate branches without cataphyls, dioecious. In-
ternodes rather short (2-3x10-20 mm.), rather persistently stellate- vel-
vety like the foliage. Leaves oblanceolate-spatulate, very obtuse, about
1x3-5 cm., cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary,
short (scarcely 10 mm., lengthening to 20 mm. in fruit), tomentose, with
3 or 4 nearly globose joints about 8-flowered when pistillate, clavately
lengthening in the somewhat thyrsoidally clustered fruiting spikes : ped-
uncle about 3 mm. long: scales staring-puberulous. Fruit white, sub-
globose, glabrous, about 4 mm. in diameter, in rather close whorls : sepals
glabrescent, closely inflexed. — Plate 23.

Eastern Sierra Madre region. — The type from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Victoria (Palmer, 103, 1907, — the
type) . Gomez Farias (Palmer, 291). San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer,

BOREALES— FLAVESCENTES 37

Phoradendron colipense n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long branches without cataphyls, dioecious.
Internodes moderate (2-3x20-40 mm.), like the foliage from coarsely
hispid with short yellow hairs becoming nearly glabrous. Leaves obliquely
oblanceolatc-elliptical, very obtuse, 1.5-2.5x5-8 cm., cuneately subpetioled
for about 8 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, moderate (35 mm.), yellow-
hispid, with 5 or 6 oblong joints about 30-flowered when staminate:
peduncle 2 mm. long: scales somewhat tomentose. Pistillate flowers and
fruit?.— Plate 23.

Eastern Sierra Madre region. — The type from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Colipa (Liebmann, 8, — the type, —
P. flavescens pubescens Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturalist. Foren.
Kjobenhavn. 1864. p. 176.

PHORADENDRON MACROPHYLLUM Cockerell.

Phoradendron macrophyllum Cockerell, Amer. Nat. vol. 34. p. 293. 1900.

P. flavescens macrophyllum Engelmann in Rothrock, Bot. Wheeler, p.
252. 1878. ( =Rothrock, Repts. upon the bot. collections, as vol. 6,
Rept. U. S. Geogr. Surv. . . .in charge of G. M. Wheeler).

Not forked, the rather long and stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather short (3-5x20-30 mm.), from sparingly vil-
lous becoming nearly glabrous, like the foliage. Leaves broadly elliptical-
obovate or nearly round, very obtuse, large, 2-4.5x2.5-6 cm., rather
abruptly wing-petioled for about 5 mm. Spikes often clustered, mod-
erate (15-30 mm., sometimes lengthening to 50 mm. in fruit), glabrate,
with some 4 subglobose joints about 6-flowered when pistillate, or 3-6 ob-
long joints 18- to 36-flowered when staminate: peduncle 2-5 mm. long:
scales somewhat villous. Fruit white, globose, essentially glabrous, 4-5
mm. in diameter, in rather close whorls : sepals glabrate, little parted. —
Plates 5, 7, 9, 10, 34.

Sonoran region, on Alnus, Celtis, Fraxinus, Juglans, Platanus, Pop-
M/I/.S and Salix.* — The type from Arizona.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. ARIZONA. Gila River (Gil-
bert, 104, 1873; Camp Grant (Rothrock, 362, 1874) :— the types of
P. flavescens macrophyllum, — both on Fraxinus. Bill Williams Fork
(Bigelow, 3, 1854). Without locality (I.Fremont, 106, 1844; Palmer,
1876). South of Flagstaff (Drake, 15116-7, 15120}. Beaver Creek
(Drake, 15121}. Santa Rita Mts. (Engelmann, 1880; Griffiths, 2678;
Shear, 4200, 4206}. Santa Catalina Mts. (Tourney, 2}. Chiricahua Mts.
(Elumer, 1520, 1523, 1533, 1946}. Tucson (Tourney, 33, 1894; Shear,

*A list of hosts — probably inclusive of the next species — is given by Hedgcock
in Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 178.

38 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

4259; Ferriss; Lloyd, 1907). Huachuca Mts. (Wilcox, 1892; Ferriss).
Fort Verde (Mearns, 164). Tonto Basin (Tourney, 289). Sta. Cruz
River (Prince, 1884). Willow Springs Mts. (Griffiths, 3644). Dudley-
ville (Griffiths, 3676). Rincon Mts. (Griffiths, 1797). Beaver Creek
(MacDougal, 612). Dragoon Summit (Eby). Oracle (Hedgcock &
Long, 9692). Sedona (Hedgcock, 4924).

An almost glabrous form, f . glabrata, occurs with the type in south-
ern Arizona: — Dudley ville (Griffiths, 3674) ; Arabaca (Griffiths, 6144) ;
Chiricahua Mts. (Blunter, 1517, 1534, 1535; Burrall, 1126) ; on the Boun-
dary, south of Bisbee (Mearns, 891) ; and from S. Pedro to Fronteras,
Sonora, Mexico (Harrtman, 946).

Phoradendron macrophyllum circulars n. var.

Leaves round, small, 1.5-2 cm. in diameter ; otherwise resembling the
type, with which it occurs. — Plate 35.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. ARIZONA. Sta. Rita Mts.
(Griffiths & Thornber, 191,— the type).

Phoradendron macrophyllum Jonesii n. var.

Leaves oblanceolate-obovate, small, scarcely 1.5-2x3-4 cm., resembling
those of P. Engelmanni; the young growth yellowish- or gray-tomentose.
In the region of the type. — Plate 35.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. ARIZONA. Bowie (Jones,
4279, — the type; 4281, — in leaf -shape approaching var. circulare).

Phoradendron Cockerellii n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather short (2-4x20-40 mm.), quickly glabrate
like the foliage. Leaves broadly elliptical to oblanceolate, very obtuse,
1.5-2x3.5-5.5 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes mostly sol-
itary, moderate (15-30, or lengthening to 40 or 50 mm.), glabrous, with
about 4 joints clavately about 6-flowered toward the top when pistillate
and ellipsoidal and 20- to 30-flowered when staminate : peduncle 4-5 mm.
long : scales and receptacular cups ciliate. Fruit white, globose, glabrous,
about 4 mm. in diameter, in distinct whorls : sepals glabrous, closely in-
flexed.— Plates 5, 36.

Southern Rocky Mountain region, characteristically on Populus and
Salix, but also on Fraxinus. — The type from New Mexico. It was this
New Mexican form which Professor Cockerell actually had before him
when applying to the preceding species the binominal P. macrophyllum
as a substitute for P. flavescens macrophyllum Engelmann.

BOEEALES— FLAVESCENTES 39

Specimens examined : — UNITED STATES. NEW MEXICO. Mesilla Park
(Standley, 525, 1906; Wooton, 1902, 1906; Hedgcock, 9953}. Santa Fe
to the Rio Grande (Wislizenus, 41, 1846-7). Without locality (Wright,
15, 1851 ; 1785, 1851-2). Silver City (Metcalfe, 31— the type). Caruth-
ers Ranch (Hedgcock & Long, 9861). Mangas Springs (Metcalfe, 26, —
more persistently villous than usual). Mimbres River (Vreeland, 808).
Las Graces (Simpson; Lay, 1903). Rincon (Blumer, 1905). Turkey
Creek Canon ( f Hedgcock, 841). TEXAS. El Paso (Havard, 1881 ; Jones,
1884). Eldon (Havard, Nov. 1881). MEXICO. CHIHUAHUA. Ciudad
Juarez. (Stearns, 1911).

Phoradendron coloradense n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather short (2x30-40 mm.), from velvety becom-
ing glabrous like the foliage. Leaves oblanceolate-obovate, very obtuse,
1.5-2x3-6 cm., cuneately slender-petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes mostly
solitary, rather long (30-50 mm.), essentially glabrous, with about 3
joints clavate and some 6-flowered when pistillate or oblong and 20- to
30-flowered when staminate: peduncle 5-10 mm. long: scales ciliate.
Fruit white, subglobose, glabrous, about 5 mm. in diameter, in rather
distinct whorls : sepals glabrous, usually closely inflexed. — Plate 37.

Sonoran region ( ? exclusively) on Prosopis. — The type from Cali-
fornia.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Fort Yuma
(du Barry, Feb. 4, 1865, — the type; Thomas). Colorado River (Schott).
The Needles (Jones, May 1884). A plant from Cameron's ranch, La-
guna, Cal., with leaves ranging from nearly round to obovate, 3-4x5-6
cm. (Schoenfeldt, 3687), doubtless also belongs here.

Phoradendron longispicum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long but slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather long (2-3x40-50 mm.), subcanescently vel-
vety-tomentose, like the foliage, or the latter glabrate and rather glossy.
Leaves elliptical-obovate to oblanceolate, very obtuse, 2-3.5x4-6 or even
7 cm., cuneately rather stout-petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes some-
times clustered, moderate (15-30 mm., lengthening to 40 mm. in fruit),
short- villous, with 3-5 joints clavately about 12-flowered when pistillate
and oblong and about 20-flowered when staminate: peduncle 3-6 or 10
mm. long : scales short-villous and ciliate. Fruit white, subglobose, gla-
brous, about 4 mm. in diameter, in rather distinct whorls: sepals short-
villous at base, nearly meeting. — Plates 38, 39.

40 THE GENUS PHOEADENDBON

Central California!! region, on Aesculus, Alnus, Fraxinus, Juglans,
Platanus, Populus, Robinia and Salix: apparently rarely on Quercus*—
The type from California.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Lake Co.
(Bolander, 2670). Sacramento River (Wilkes Expedition, 1316, — the
type, as also of P. flavescens quinquenervium Torr. in herb.). Kaweah
(Hopping, 263). Visalia (Rattan, 1912). Araquipa Rancho (Jepson,
1S94). Vacaville (Jepson, 1894; Plait, 1894). Putah Creek (Steiger,
1894). Kern Co. (Grinnell, 399, 402). Ventura Co. (Abrams & Mc-
Gregor, 33, 49). Mendocino (Brown, 921). Chico (Griffiths, 1912).
San Gabriel (Brewer, 113). San Bernardino (8. B. & W. F. Parisli,
680). Lytle Creek Canon (Abrams, 2749; Spaulding, 299-301; Graves,
1697). Santa Monica Range (Hasse, 4626, 1889, 1893). Pasadena
(Jones, 3028, etc.). San Bernardino Co. (J. F. James, 1879). Los An-
geles Co. (Braunton, 792). San Diego Co. (Alderson, 705; Stokes, 1895).
Temecula (Leiberg, 3215). Claremont (Chandler, 1897). Without lo-
cality (Wright, 1853-6; Vasey, 1875, 1880). Mohave Desert (Saunders,
1906). ARIZONA. Sedona (Hedgcock, 4923).

Phoradendron longispicum cyclophyllum n. var.

Differs from the type, with which it occurs, in its smaller charac-
teristically orbicular leaves.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Soland Co.
(Jepson, 1894, — the type).

PHORADENDRON VILLOSUM Nuttall.

Plioradendron villosum Nuttall, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, n. s.
vol. 1. p. 185. 1848.— Cannon, Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. vol. 28. p. 374.
pi. 27-28.

P. flavescens villosum Engelmann in Rothrock, Bot. Wheeler, p. 252.
( = Rothrock, Repts. upon the bot. collections, as vol. 6, Rept. U. S.
Geogr. Surv. ... in charge of G. M. Wheeler) 1878, — as to the West-
Coast plant.

Viscum villosum Nuttall in Torrey & Gray, Fl. vol. 1. p. 654. 1840.

Not forked, the rather short stout branches without cataphyls, dioe-
cious. Internodes short (2-4x20-25 mm.), densely short- villous like the
foliage. Leaves oblanceolate-obovate, very obtuse, 1.5-2 or rarely 3 x3-4
or even 5 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 3-5 mm. Spikes often clustered,
short (10-15 mm., scarcely exceeding 20 mm. in fruit), short-villous,
with about 3 short swollen joints, some 6-flowered when pistillate and

*See Hedgcock, Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 178, for hosts — possibly inclusive of
the following species.

BOEEALES— FLAVESCENTES 41

12-flowered when staminate : peduncle 2-3 mm. long : scales villous-tomen-
tose. Fruit white, from elongated becoming subglobose, somewhat short-
villous at top, about 4 mm. in diameter, in close whorls: sepals rather
villous, somewhat parted. — Plates 1, 5, 6, 7, 10, 40.

Californian region, usually on Quercus but also on Acacia, Aesculus,
Arctostaphylos, Persica, Populus, Rhus, Robinia, Salix and Umbellula-
ria* — The type from Oregon.

Specimens examined : — UNITED STATES. OREGON. Wahlamet Woods
(Nuttall, 1834,— the type). Without locality (Hall, 456; Finley, 1900).
Roseburg (Engelmann). Waldo (Howell, 1884). Grant's Pass (How-
ell, 1264). Gold Hill (Walpole, 152). Ashland (Walpole, 380). Cen-
tral Point (Ashworth, 147). CALIFORNIA. San Francisco Bay (Wilkes
Expedition, Itfff7, 1853-4). Oakland (HUlebrand, 1863). Lake Co. (Bo-
lander, 2671). Upper Sacramento (Wilkes Expedition, 1772). Napa
Valley (Bigelow, 1854). Ukiah (Blasdale, 1019). Salinas Valley (Brew-
er, 564; Vasey, 1880). Palo Alto (Baker, 203). Fort Tejon (Horn,
1863). Placerville (Bolander; Rattan). Scott River (Hedgcock, 1893).
Sicon Valley (Lemmon, 1875). Siskyou Co. (Pond, 189, 192; Hedg-
cock, 1896; Butler, 565). Plumas Co. (Austin). Butte Co. (Austin,
698; Drew, 1889). Raymond (Hedgcock, 4840). Chico (Bidwell, 1890).
Little Chico (Bruce, 1786) . Sierras (Bessey,lS15.) Sugar Pine (Scher-
fee, 1914). Mendocino Co. (Brown, 953; Chesnut, 595; Clarke, 1-5).
Asti (Pammel & Davis, 114). Vacaville (Jepson, 1894). Sonoma Co.
(Heller & Broivn, 5036). Northfork (Jack, 1907). Amador Co. (Braun-
ton, 1258; Hansen, 720). Emigrant Gap (Jones, 1882). Byron Gulch
(Ward, 116). Shasta Co. (Baker & Nutting, 1894). Calaveras Grove
(Hutchens, 1900). Mt. Hamilton (Chandler, 6043; Blankinship, 1891).
Kaweah River Basin (Hopping, 264). Mariposa Co. (Hollick, 1880).
Hood's Peak (Michener & Bioletti, 1893). El Portal (Hottes, 1914).
San Luis Obispo Co. (Barber, 1901). Sta. Barbara (Elmer, 3794). Sta.
Clara Co. (Davy, 551; Elmer, 1758). Auberry (Jordan, 8296 — on Arc-
tostaphylos, 8332 — on Rhus). San Bernardino Co. (Parish, 1073;
Abrams, 2687, 2749). Los Angeles Co. (Grant &• Wheeler, 979=6243).
Wilson's and Baldy Trail (McClatchie, 1893). Riverside (Grant, 4517,
4533). San Jacinto Mts. (Hall, 2531; Gregory, 1890; Berg, 1904).
Sta. Rosa Mountain (Smith, 5466). San Diego Co. (Mearns, 3767;
Palmer, 440; Chandler, 5456; Stokes, 1895). Laguna (Mearns, 3617).
Without locality (Fitch, 1849; Kuntze, 1874). MEXICO. LOWER CALI-
FORNIA. Encenada (Jones, 3734). Mountains (Orcutt, 1310a). Nach-
oguero Valley (Schoenfeldt, 3400).

*Cf. Cannon, Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. vol. 28. p. 374. — Hedgcock, Phytopathology,
vol. 5. p. 179.

42 THE GENUS PHOEADENDRON

Phoradendron villosum rotundifolium n. var.

Differs from the type in its small orbicular-obovate leaves, l-l.2xl.5-2
cm. — Plate 41.

Southern range of the type, chiefly on Platanus and Quercus.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Sta. Barbara
(Elmer, 3794 in part, — the type) . Jolon, Monterey Co. (Eastwood, 1894) .
CajonPass (Bigelow, 7; Cooper, June 8, 1861; Trelease, 1892).

Phoradendron tomentosum Oliver

Phoradendron tomentosum Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturahist.

Foren. Kjobenhavn. 1864. p. 176.
Viscum tomentosum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 670. 1830.

Not forked, the rather short stout branches without cataphyls, dioe-
cious. Internodes rather short (2-3x10-35 mm.), densely velvety-tomen-
tose like the foliage, with at first yellow hairs. Leaves obovate-oblan-
ceolate, very obtuse, 1-2x2-3.5 cm., involutely contracted rather than
petioled for about 3 mm. Spikes somewhat clustered, moderate (10 or
15 to 20-35 mm.), velvety-tomentose, with about 3 swollen joints some
8-flowered when pistillate and 12- to 30-flowered when staminate : pedun-
cle 2-3 mm. long : scales tomentose. Fruit white, subglobose, nearly gla-
brous, scarcely 4 mm. in diameter : sepals short- villous at base, more or
less meeting. — Plate 42.

Mexican tableland, on Celtis, Prosopis, Quercus, etc. — The type from
central Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. "Real de Catone" (Berlander, 1364,
1839, — the type of V. tomentosum as also of V. mimosearum Moricand in
herb.). Banos del Grande near Real del Monte (Ehrenberg) . Cedros
(Lloyd, 147; Kirkwood, 147; Lloyd & Kirkwood, 15}. Durango ( ? Pal-
mer, 777, — a very yellow- tomentose specimen with some leaves subacute.

Phoradendron pubemlum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes long (2-3x30-60 mm.), minutely rusty-pubescent
like the foliage. Leaves oblanceolate, very obtuse, 1.5-2x4-7 cm.), cune-
ately rather slender-petioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes usually solitary, mod-
erate (30 mm.), pubescent, with about 4 ellipsoidal joints covered by
some 12 flowers when pistillate : peduncle 2-3 mm. long : scales and recep-
tacular cups rusty-ciliate. Fruit ? : sepals pubescent. — Plate 43.

Western Sierra Madre region of Mexico ( 1 exclusively) on Legumin-
osae. — The type from western Mexico.

BOKEALES— FLAVESCENTES 43

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Barrancas between Guadalajara and
Topic (Gregg, 895, 1849, — the type).

A form with stout internodes scarcely 10 mm. long and smaller
scarcely petioled leaves scarcely 1x3 cm., from the Sierra Madre of Chi-
huahua, may be known as P. puberulum chihuahuense (Endlich, 1220,
1906, — the type; 1170; 1267; Jones, Sept. 14, 1903, at Guayanopa
Canon). — Plate 43.

Phoradendron Coryae n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Intemodes moderately long (2-5x25-40 mm.), densely short
stellate-tomentose like the foliage. Leaves round-ovate, broadly ellip-
tical or exceptionally obovate, very obtuse, 1.5-3x2.5-3.5 cm., rather
abruptly stout-petioled for about 3 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, rather
short (15-20 mm.), tomentose, with 3 or 4 swollen joints about 12-flow-
ered when pistillate and 18- to 36-flowered when staminate : peduncle 2-3
mm. long : scales tomentose. Fruit white, round-ovoid, pubescent above,
small (3 mm.), in close whorls: sepals pubescent, erect and widely
parted. — Plates 5, 10, 44.

Sonoran region ( ? exclusively) on Quercus. — The type from Arizona.

Specimens examined : — UNITED STATES. ARIZONA. White Cliff Creek
(Bigelow, 8, 1854). Pass of Mt. Hope (Bigelow, 9, 1854). Fort Whip-
pie and Prescott (Coues & Palmer, 323; Tourney, 1894; Cohoon, 7; Miss
Kate T. Cory, 1911 ; Hedgcock, 4853, 15100} . South of Flagstaff (Drake,
15115). Camp Apache (Girard; Rothrock, 262; Gilbert, 1874; Hedg-
cock & Long, 9686, 9688). Mesa south of Black River (Rothrock, 794).
Santa Rita Mts. (Engelmann; Pringle, 1881; TJiornber, 100; Tourney,
1894). Rincon Mts. (Blumer, 3601). Pima Canon (Griffiths, 2616).
Oracle (Jones, 1903; Hedgcock & Long, 9677-8). San Carlos Reserva-
tion (Coville, 1915).. Copper Basin (Tourney, 288). Crown King (Hedg-
cock, 4872-3) . Strawberry Valley (Tourney, 290) . Bowie (Jones, 4253) .
Cosnino (Jones, 4041). Garcia Forest (Hedgcock, 843). Tonto Basin
(Coville, 1074). Sta. Catalina Mts. (Griffiths, 3454; Selkirk, 1771-2).
Huachuca Mts. (Wheeler; Wilcox, 1893, 391, 458; Mearns, 2479). Bea-
ver Creek (Drake, 15115). Without locality (Wheeler, 1872). Chiri-
cahua Mts. (Blumer, 1514, 1516— the type, 1521, 1976; PUsbry, 1906 ;
Burrall, 1125). Sedona (Hedgcock, 4916, 4921-2, 4940). Nogales
(Hedgcock, 842) . NEW MEXICO. Dog Mts. (Mearns, 2395, 2427). Burro
Mountains (Rusby, 389). Organ Mountains (Wooton, 127; 1903 ; Stand-
ley, 1906). Dona Ana Mts. ( Wooton & Standley, 1906). Filmore Canon
(Wooton, 1899). Black Range (Metcalfe, 925). Santa Rita (Mulford,
(170). Hillsboro to Lake Valley (Diehl, 570). Gila River (Vreeland,
807) . Gila Forest (Hedgcock, 9860; Munro, 15109, 15110) . Fort Bayard

44 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

(Hedrick, 181). Silver City (Hedgcock & Long, 9855). Grant Co. (Blu-
mer, 129, 197) . Magdalena Mts. (Herrick & Herrick, 133) . Pinos Altos
(Hedgcock, 815-7; Hedgcock & Long, 9830-2). Without locality (Wright,
1786, 1851-2). MEXICO. SONORA. Nogales (Mearns, 2643). San Jose
Mts. (Mearns, 1633, 1760). San Luis Mts. (Mearns, 391, 2528). LOWER
CALIFORNIA. Rancho Viejo ( ? Brandegee, 1889) .

Specimens referred here that are prevailingly narrower-leaved than
usual though otherwise not closely alike, — f . stenophylla, occur from Ari-
zona (Pajarito Mts., Trelease, 362; Chiricahua Mts., Pilsbry, 1906; Blu-
mer, 1531), and New Mexico (Silver City, Greene, 1880). To this per-
haps, is referable a specimen from the Sierra de la Laguna, Lower Cali-
fornia (Brandegee, Mar. 24, 1892), not readily placeable elsewhere.

Phoradendron Havardianum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather short but stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes short (2-3x20 mm.), rather persistently minutely
stellate-tomentose like the foliage. Leaves obovate-orbicular or elliptical,
very obtuse, small, scarcely lxl.5-2 cm., rather abruptly subpetioled for
about 2 mm. Spikes solitary, short (scarcely 10 mm.), puberulous, with
2 or 3 joints about 20-flowered when staminate : peduncle 2 mm. long :
scales puberulous. Fruit white, subglobose, glabrous, 3 mm. in diameter :
sepals pubescent at least at base, suberect. — Plate 45.

Chihuahuan region ( ? exclusively) on Quercus* — The type from
Texas.

Specimens examined: — UNITED STATES. TEXAS. Guadalupe Mts.
(Havard, 82, Oct. 1881, — the type). Cornudos Mts. (Havard, 84). Hueco
Tanks ( ? Mulford, 141). "Western Texas to El Paso, New Mexico"
( ? Wright, 632, 1849 ) . " California ' ' (Bigelow, 1853-4) .

Phoradendron Wilkinson! n. sp.

Not forked, the rather short and slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes short (2x10 mm.), minutely stellate-tomentose like
the foliage. Leaves obovate-orbicular or broadly elliptical, very obtuse,
small, l-l.5xl.5-2 cm. Spikes solitary, rather short (15-20 mm.), some-
what short-villous, with 3 or 4 ellipsoidal joints 14- to 20-flowered when
staminate : peduncle 2 mm. long : scales villous. Fruit ? : sepals glabrous.
—Plate 45.

Chihuahuan region. — The type from Chihuahua.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Sta. Eulalia Mts. ( Wilkinson, Apr.
3. 1885,— the type).

*For a list of hosts see Hedgcock, Phytopathology, vol. 5. p. 178.

BOREALES— BRACHYSTACHYAE 45

4. BRACHYSTACHYAE.

Leaves usually relatively narrow, never greatly elongated or large.
Shoots neither angled nor as a rule compressed. Mexico.

Persistently woolly. P. lanatum.

Pubescence usually sparing and evanescent.
Fruit villous or hispid.

Leaves elongated. Chiefly East Mexican.

Fruit retrorsely hispid : sepals meeting. P. Galeottii.

Fruit sparsely villous.

Sepals not meeting. East Mexican. P. Palmeri.

Sepals meeting. Lower Californian. P. peninsulare.
Leaves broad. Lower Californian. P. Eduardi.

Fruit glabrous or short-hairy.

Leaves sessile, subacute. P. mazatlanum.

Leaves mostly petioled, very obtuse.
Ample species, of the mainland.

Evanescently hispid, varnished. P. brachystachyum.
Densely short-villous : leaves petioled. P. tlacolulense.
Sparingly villous : leaves sessile. P. globuliferum.

Rather small species, of Lower California.

Leaves round-obovate, subpetioled. P. aureum.

Leaves oblong-obovate, sessile. P. brachyphyllum.

Leaves spatulate-oblanceolate.
Attenuate base short.

Spikes rather long (20-30 mm.). P. tumidum.
Spikes short (15 mm.). P. Diguetii.

Subpetiolate contraction marked.

Spikes slender, tomentose. P. peninsulare.
Spikes stout, glabrate. P. saccatum.

Phoradendron lanatum n. sp.

Not forked but more or less pseudodichotomous from the falling of
one lateral branch at a node, the rather long and slender branches with-
out cataphyls, dioecious?. Internodes rather short (3x20-30 mm.),
densely and persistently woolly with long sulphur-yellow hairs like the
foliage. Leaves narrowly elliptical varying into subspatulate or obovatc,
subacute to very obtuse, .5-.8x2-3 cm., contracted for about 1 mm. at base.
Spikes (young) solitary, short (10 mm.), very tomentose, with 2-4 short
few-flowered joints: peduncle scarcely 1 mm. long: scales concealed by
long hairs. Fruit subglobose, 4 mm. in diameter, slightly villous at top :
sepals nearly glabrous, closely inflexed. — Plate 46.

Cordilleran region. — The type from central Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Mesa de Cascomate, Oaxaca (Pur-
pus, 2724, 1907). Hacienda Ciervo y Cadereyta, Queretaro (Rose, Paint-
er & Rose, 9707, — the type) .

46 THE GENUS PHOEADENDBON

Phoradendron Galeottii n. sp.

Not forked, the rather short and slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious?. Internodes rather short (2-3x15-50 mm.), at first much com-
pressed, resinous-dotted, evanescently stellate-tomentose like the foliage.
Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, mostly obtuse, .5-1x2-5 cm., gradually nar-
rowed for about 5 mm. at base. Spikes mostly solitary, short (scarcely
15 mm. in fruit), short-tomentose, with about 3 subglobose joints some
12- to 18-flowered when pistillate : peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long : scales
finely tomentose. Fruit in congested whorls, round-ovoid, about 4 mm.
long, retrorsely yellow-hispid : sepals finely tomentose, closely inflexed. —
Plate 46.

Eastern Sierra Madre region ( 1 exclusively) on Quercus. — The type
from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Mirador, V. C. (Galeotti, 2694,
1840, — the type; Linden, 541; Ross, 723). Zacuapam (Pur pus, 6401).

PHORADENDRON PALMERI Greenman.
Phoradendron Palmeri Greenman, Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. 40. p. 28. 1904.

Not forked, the rather short branches without cataphyls, dioecious?.
Internodes rather short (2-5x20-30 mm.), somewhat tomentose and rather
persistently short-villous like the foliage. Leaves oblanceolate to ellip-
tical-oblong, obtuse, .5-.8x2-3.5 cm., cuneate for about 2 mm. but scarcely
petioled. Spikes slender, solitary, short (5 mm., lengthening to 10-20
mm. in fruit), loosely villous, with about 3 subglobose joints about 8-flow-
ered when pistillate: peduncle 1-5 or 6 mm. long: scales villous. Fruit
ovoid, 4 mm. long, sparsely villous: sepals glabrescent, more or less
parted. — Plate 47.

Mexican table land. — The type from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Alvarez, S.L.P. (Palmer, 119, 1902,
— the type).

Phoradendron Eduardi n. sp.

Not forked, the rather short stout branches without cataphyls, dioe-
cious?. Internodes rather short (3-4x20-30 mm.), like the foliage loosely
villous or glabrate but not tomentose. Leaves elliptical-obovate or ob-
lanceolate, very obtuse, .5-1x1.5-2 cm., cuneately sessile. Spikes stout,
moderate (25-35 or 40 mm. in fruit), loosely villous, with 2 or 3-6 elon-
gated clavate joints some 8-flowered when pistillate: peduncle 2-3 mm.
long: scales somewhat velvety or villous. Fruit creamy white, subglo-
bose, 4 mm. in diameter, villous: sepals glabrescent, erect, not meeting
around the thick stigma. — Plate 47.

Sonoran region of Mexico. — The type from Carmen Island.

BOBEALES— BRACHYSTACHYAE 47

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. LOWER CALIFORNIA. Carmen Island
(Palmer, 882, Nov. 1890, — the type). Todos Santos (Brandegee, 512,
San Jose del Cabo (Brandegee, 512).

Phoradendron mazatlanum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and stout branches Without cataphyls,
dioecious?. Internodes rather long (2-3x50-60 mm.), rather evanescently
and sparsely short-villous or puberulent like the foliage. Leaves sub-
spatulately oblong, sometimes falcate, subacute, .5-.8x3.5-4.5 cm., grad-
ually narrowed to the broad sessile base. Spikes mostly solitary, mod-
erate (20 mm.), somewhat puberulent, with about 4 joints some 10-flow-
ered about the middle when pistillate. Fruit ? : sepals nearly glabrous. —
Plate 48.

Sonoran region of Mexico ( ? exclusively) on Leguminosae. — The type
from Sinaloa.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Mazatlan, Sinaloa (Gregg, 1202,
1849,— the type).

PHORADENDRON BRACHYSTACHYUM Nuttall.

Phoradendron brachystachyum Nuttall, Jour. Acad. Philadelphia, n. s.

vol. 1. p. 185. 1847.
Viscum brachystachyum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 280. 1830.

Not forked, the rather long and slender branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes from short (2x20 mm.) to long (3x60 mm.), some-
Mrhat varnished, evanescently hispid like the foliage. Leaves extremely
variable even on the same shoot, from typically oblong-lanceolate or ob-
lanceolate to obovate or orbicular, the narrower forms more or less fal-
cate, obtuse, .5x3.5, 1.5-2x5, or 1.5x1.5 cm., cuneately narrowed rather
than petioled for 3-5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, short (10 mm., scarcely
reaching 15 mm. in fruit), sparingly puberulent, with 2 or 3 somewhat
swollen joints 8- to 12-flowered when pistillate and 18- to 30-flowered
when staminate: peduncle 1-3 mm. long: scales nearly glabrous. Fruit
globose, umbonate, 3 mm. in diameter, glabrous: sepals essentially gla-
brous, closely inflexed. — Plates 48, 49.

Mexican tableland, on Arbutus, Quercus, etc. — The type from about
Real del Monte.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Tampico to Real del Monte (Ber-
landier, — the type of Viscum brachystachyum). Regla (Ehrenberg, 422
in part). El Sabino, Zimapan (Galeotti, 2692). Aculcingo (Liebmann,
7, 11, 3083, — P. flavescens? and P. brachystachyum var., Oliver), Ori-
zaba (Mueller, 221, 1755). Sta. Fe, Valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 572).
Tehuacan (Pringle, 6759, 7027; Endlich, 1899; Rose, Painter & Rose,

48 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

8973; Rose & Rose, 11260}. Tlacuiltopec (Purpus, 4087). Cholula (Ar-
sene, 896, 1907 ; 7, 1908). Tepoxuchil (Arsene, 10, 1908). Jordana, To-
luca (? Gregg, 725, 1849). Chapala, Jalisco (Diguet, 109}. Fuente,
Sinaloa (Rose, Standley & Russell, 13520}. Aguascalientes, Colima
(Kerber, 88). Guaymas, Sonora (Rose, Standley & Russell, 12574}.
Ixmiquilpan, Hid. (Purpus, 1441; Rose, Painter & Rose, 9160}. Above
Cuernavaca (Pringle, 8009, 11160}. Cerro S. Felipe, Oaxaca (Conzatti,
2198; Conzatti & Gonzales, 72}. Mitla to Matatlan (Conzatti & Vazquez,
1476} . Without locality (Graham, 231; Pavon; Aschenborn, 428} . Tzin-
tzuntzan (Seler, 1249}. Sierra de Parras (Purpus, 5073}.

PHORADENDRON TLACOLULENSE Loesener.

Phoradendron tlacolulense Loesener, Bull. Herb. Boissier. vol. 2. p. 536.

pi. 20. 1894.
Phoradendrum tlacolulense Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beiblatt 57. p.

3. 1897.

Not forked, the short but slender branches without cataphyls. dioe-
cious. Internodes short ( 1-3x20-30 mm. ) , densely villous with short yel-
low hairs like the foliage. Leaves orbicular to very broadly ovate or
obovate, very obtuse, .5-1.7x1-2 cm., abruptly contracted to sometimes
connate petioles 2-3 mm. long. Spikes mostly solitary, very short (5
mm.), somewhat villous, with 2 or 3 swollen joints about 6-flowered:
peduncle scarcely 1 mm. long. Fruit round-ovoid, about 4x5 mm., gla-
brous : sepals inflexed. — Plate 50.

Cordilleran region. — The type from Oaxaca.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Mitla, Oax. (Seler, 119, — the type).
Near Agua Escondida (Seler, 1763}.

Phoradendron globuliferum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather short branches without eataphyls, dioecious?.
Internodes short (2-3x10-20 mm.), more or less flattened, somewhat short -
villous like the foliage. Leaves shortly elliptical-obovate, very obtuse,
.5-1x2 cm., sessile. Spikes solitary, short (5 mm., lengthening to 20 mm.
in fruit), sparingly short-villous, with about 2 subglobose joints about
8- to 16-flowered when pistillate: peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long: scales
sparingly villous. Fruit (immature) subglobose, smooth, small: sepals
somewhat villous at base, suberect. — Plate 51.

Sonoran region of Mexico. — The type from Sonora.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Guaymas, Sonora (Palmer, 88, 1887,
— the type; Brandegee, 1892).

BOEEALES— BRACHYSTACHYAE 49

Phoradendron aureum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather short branches without cataphyls, dioecious.
Internodes short (2x10-20 mm.), sparsely short-villous like the foliage.
Leaves spatulate-obovate, very obtuse, .6-1x1-2 cm., cuneately subpetioled
for about 3 mm. Spikes solitary, golden, short (10-15 mm.), somewhat
velvety, with 2 or 3 rounded joints 12- to 24-flowered when staminate :
peduncle 2 mm. long : scales conspicuously ciliate. Fruit?. — Plate 52.

Sonoran region of Mexico. — The type from Lower California.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Sta. Cruz, L6wer California (Rose,
16848, Apr. 16, 1911,— the type).

Phoradendron brachyphyllum n. sp.

Not forked, the short stout branches without cataphyls, dioecious?.
Internodes rather short (2-4x10-30 mm.), sparsely short-villous like the
foliage. Leaves (represented only near the ends of the branches, and
perhaps much larger when fully developed) obovate-oblong, obtuse,
scarcely .3x1 cm., sessile. Spikes mostly solitary, short (scarcely 10
mm.), sparingly short-villous, with about 2 ellipsoidal joints about 6-flow-
ered when pistillate: peduncle 2 mm. long: scales rather conspicuously
ciliate. Fruit ? : sepals sparingly hispid at least near the base. — Plate 53.

Sonoran region of Mexico. — The type from Margarita Island.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Margarita Island, Lower California
(Rose, 16293, Mar. 16, 1911,— the type).

Phoradendron tumidum n. sp.

Not forked, the moderate branches without cataphyls, dioecious. In-
ternodes rather long (3-4x40-50 mm.), rather sparsely short-villous like
the foliage. Leaves oblanceolate, very obtuse, .7x2.5-3 cm., cuneately
subsessile. Spikes solitary, long for the group (15-25 or 30 mm.), spar-
ingly short-villous, with about 3 ellipsoidal joints some 30- to 60-flowered
when staminate, the lowest joint sometimes swollen to 5 mm. in diameter:
peduncle 2 mm. long : scales conspicuously ciliate. Fruit ? : sepals some-
wliat hispid or villous. — Plate 53.

Sonoran region of Mexico. — The type from Lower California.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. LOWER CALIFORNIA. Espiritu Santo
(Rose, 16862, Apr. 18, 1911,— the type). La Paz (Brandegee, 1892).

PHORADENDRON DIGUETII Van Tieghem.

Plwradendron Diguetii Van Tieghem, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, vol. 1.
p. 31. 1895.

Not forked, the moderate branches without cataphyls, dioecious. In-
ternodes moderate (2x20-30 mm.), from sparingly velvety becoming gla-

50 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

brous like the foliage. Leaves oblong-spatulate, obtuse, .5x3 cm., euneately
attenuate for about 5 mm. Spikes solitary, short (15 mm.), very spar-
ingly short-tomentose, with about 3 subclavate-oblong joints some 24-
flowered when staminate : peduncle 3 mm. long. Fruit ?. — Plate 54.

Sonoran region of Mexico. — The type from Lower California.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. LOWER CALIFORNIA. Without fur-
ther indication (Diguet, Dec. 15, 1894, on Quercus, in the herbarium of
the Museum at Paris, — taken as the type). Magdalena Bay (Brandegee,
1889, on VeatcUa) .

Phoradendron peninsulare n. sp.

Not forked, the moderate branches without cataphyls, dioecious ?. In-
ternodes moderate (2x25-40 mm.), from gray-hispid becoming nearly
glabrous like the foliage. Leaves spatulate, mostly very obtuse, .5-1x1.5-3
cm., euneately attenuate for 5-10 mm. Spikes solitary, rather short ( 10-15
or 20 mm.), somewhat short-tomentose, with about 3 short clavate joints
about 6-flowered above when pistillate: peduncle 2-3 mm. long. Fruit
subglobose, sparingly white-villous, 3-4 mm. in diameter: sepals meet-
ing.— Plate 55.

Sonoran region of Mexico. Perhaps the pistillate form of the preced-
ing.— The type from Lower California.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. LOWER CALIFORNIA. Cape San Lu-
cas (Rose, 16354, May 23, 1911,— the type). Carmen Island (Rose, 16617,
Apr. 2, 1911). San Gregorio (Brandegee, 1889 — from which the fruit
is here described).

Phoradendron saccatum n. sp.

Not forked, the moderate branches without cataphyls, dioecious. In-
tcrnodes rather short (2-4x20-35 mm.), like the foliage somewhat sparsely
and transiently short-villous. Leaves narrowly spatulate, obtuse, about
.5x1.5-2 cm., contracted into a slender spreading or recurved petiole for
10 mm. Spikes often clustered, golden, rather short (15-20 or 25 mm.),
glabrate and glossy, with 3 or 4 oblong joints covered by 24-36 flowers
when staminate : peduncle 3 mm. long : scales forming a truncated sac.
Fruit?.— Plate 55.

Sonoran region of Mexico ( ? exclusively) on Jatropha. — The type
from Lower California.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. LOWER CALIFORNIA. San Josef
(Rose, 16562, Mar. 21, 1911,— the type). Sta. Margarita Island (Bran
degee, 1889).

BOREALES^FERRUGINEAE 51

5. FERRUGINEAE.

Leaves broad, large for the group, very obtuse, thick. Shoots neither
acutely angled nor much compressed. Mexican Cordillera and Western
Sierra Madre.

Heavy-leaved : densely rusty-villous. P. Robinsonii.

PHORADENDRON ROBINSONII (Urban).

Phoradendrum Robinsonii Urban, Bot. Jarhb. vol. 23. Beiblatt 5. p. 4.
1897.

Not forked, the long stout branches without cataphyls, dioecious. In-
ternodes rather long (3-5x40-50 mm.), at first very densely rusty-villous
like the foliage. Leaves broadly elliptical to oblanceolate or obovate, very
obtuse, 1.5-4x5-7 cm., cuneately stout-petioled for 10-15 mm. Spikes
often clustered, sometimes produced side by side in successive years, mod-
erate (20-35 mm., lengthening to 50 or even 85 mm. in fruit), villous,
with 5-7 rounded joints about 20-flowered when pistillate or oblong and
many-flowered when staminate : peduncle 3 mm. long : scales villous and
long-ciliate. Fruit subglobose, retrorsely long-villous or hispid, 4 mm. in
diameter, in approximated globose clusters 10 mm. in diameter: sepals
pubescent, incurved. — Plates 56, 57.

Cordillera and Western Sierra Madre of Mexico ( ? exclusively) on
Celtis. — The type from Tehuacan.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Without locality (Karwiniski ; Hdhn,
1865-6,— P. Hahnii Eichler in herb.). Tehuacan (Pringle, 6272, 1895,—
the type, 9467, 13765; Rose & Hay, 5939; Rose, Painter & Rose, 9877;
Rose & Rose, 11259; Endlich, 1895; Purpus, 5832; Conzatti, 2199). To-
nila (Kerber, 87). Acapulco (Liebmann, 9, 3102, 1841, — P. tomentosum
Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh. Foren. Kjobenhavn. 1864. p. 176;
Hinds, 1841, — slenderer and with thinner leaves, f. Hindsi. — Plate 57).

6. VELUTINAE.

Leaves large for the group, characteristically elongated, somewhat
acuminately attenuate, rather thin and conspicuously nerved. Shoots
neither angled nor much compressed. Cordilleran region of Mexico and
Guatemala.

Thin-leaved : yellow- villous. P. velutinum.

PHORADENDRON VELUTINUM Nuttall.

Plwrndendron velutinum Nuttall, Journ. Acad. Philadelphia, n. s. vol. 1.
p. 185. 1847.

VY.sc urn velutinum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 281. 1830.

52 THE GENUS PHOKADENDRON

Not forked, the rather long moderately stout branches without cata-
phyls, dioecious. Internodes moderate (3-4x20-50 mm.), yellow- villous
like the foliage. Leaves falcately lanceolate, acute or rather acuminate,
1-2.5x7-10 cm., conspicuously nerved and veiny, cuneately narrowed to a
petiole 5-10 mm. long. Spikes mostly clustered, short (15-20 mm.), vil-
lous, with about 3 subglobose joints scarcely 20-flowered when pistillate,
or 4 more clavate joints about 30-flowered when staminate: peduncle
3 mm. long: scales villous and long-ciliate. Fruit subglobose, glabrous,
about 4 mm. in diameter, in compact whorls : sepals glabrate, more or less
parted. — Plate 58.

Mexican tableland and through the Cordillera into Central America,
on Cornus, Crataegus, etc. — The type from Toluca.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Real del Monte ( Coulter, 21 ) . Regla
(Ehrenberg, 422). Queretaro (Herb. Berolin.). Toluca (Berlandier,
1158, — the type of V. velutinum; Andrieux, 347; Holler, 410). Valley
of Mexico (Schmitz, 150; Schaffner, 188). Eslava (Pringle, 8058, 9509,
13190). Deserta Vieja (Bourgeau, 782). San Nicolas and Maromas
(Bourgeaii, 1004, 1116). Contreras (Endlich, 634). Salazar (Endlich,
1048). Canada Grande (Ross, 148). San Angel (Uhde, 1026). Zim-
apan (Aschenborn) . Istaccihuatl (Purpus, 1777). Sta. Ana, Puebla
(Arsene, 8). Chinantla (Liebmann). Without locality (Paul, Duke of
Wurtemberg, 1831; Schaffner, 459; Uhde, 1027). GUATEMALA. Sacate-
pequez. Antigua (Kellerman, 4541).

An unusually polymorphic species, the type possessing very narrow
and long leaves.

7. LONGIFOLIAE.

Leaves large for the group, usually greatly elongated, scarcely atten-
uate, rather thick, but sometimes conspicuously nerved. Shoots scarcely
angled but distinctly compressed at the nodes. Mountains of Mexico
and Guatemala.

Leaves scarcely nerved.

Broad for the group (10-25 mm.). P. scaberrimum.

Narrow (5 mm.). P. longifolium.

Leaves distinctly about 5-nerved. P. uspantanum.

Phoradendron scaberrimum n. sp.

Not forked, the long moderately stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious?. Internodes moderate (4x25-60 mm.), scabrous-granular, at
first yellow with microscopic tomentum like the foliage, dilated below the
nodes to about 10 mm. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, subacute to obtuse
or emarginate, 1-2.5x10-16 cm., subpetiolately cuneate for 5-10 mm.,

BOREALES— LONGIFOLIAE S3

scarcely nerved. Spikes mostly clustered, rather short (scarcely 25 mm.),
yellow-tomentulose, with about 3 rounded joints some 15-flowered when
pistillate : peduncle scarcely 3 mm. long : scales gray-tomentulose, scarcely
ciliate. Fruit (immature) ovoid, 3 mm. in diameter, yellow-tomentulose:
sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 59.

Western Sierra Madre region. — The type from Tepic.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Sta. Teresa, Tepic (Rose, 3409, Aug.
8, 1897,— the type). Colomas, Sinaloa (Rose, 1712).

Phoradendron longifolium Eichler, n. sp.

Phoradendron longifolium Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. part

2. p. 107, 134 m, — name only.
Viscum longifolium Zuccarini MS., fide Eichler, and in herb.

Not forked, the long rather slender branches without cataphyls, dioe-
cious?. Internodes elongated (2-4x40-75 mm.), resinous-dotted, micro-
scopically tomentose like the foliage, little dilated. Leaves linear-oblong,
rather acute, .5-.7xlO-14 cm., cuneately subpetioled for about 10 mm.,
scarcely nerved. Spikes often clustered, rather short (scarcely 25 mm.),
tcmentose, with 3 or 4 oblong joints about 30-flowered : peduncle 2 mm.
long: scales tomentose and long-ciliate. Fruit?. — Plate 60.

Cordilleran region of Mexico. — The type from Oaxaca.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. San Pedro Nolasco, Oaxaca (Kar-
winski, 1833, — the type: occurring in the Munich herbarium, von Mar-
tius' herbarium at Brussels, the Vienna herbarium, and the Delessert
herbarium at Geneva).

Phoradendron uspantanum n. sp.

Not forked, the rathed long and stout branches without cataphyls,
dioecious. Internodes rather long (4x70 mm.), evanescently sparsely
hispid like the foliage, more or less ancipital, dilated at the nodes to
nearly 10 mm. Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, about 1x15
cm., cuneately subpetioled for 10 or 15 mm., prominently 5-nerved and
somewhat veiny. Spikes more or less clustered, moderate (25-40 mm.),
nearly glabrous, with 3-5 narrowly oblong joints about 50-flowered when
staminate: peduncle 2-4 mm. long: scales glabrate, ciliate. Fruit?. —
Plate 61.

Guatemalan region. — The type from Guatemala.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. San Miguel Uspantan, Quiche
(Heyde & Lux, 3141, Apr. 1892,— the type).

54 , THE GENUS PHOEADENDKON

C. CALYCULATAE.

Spikes rather long, 3- to 5- jointed, each joint with numerous flowers
in about 12 series. Berries globose, granular-papillate, moderately small
(4 mm.), white?. The young growth is rather sparingly long-villous.
Mexico.

Stems broadly winged and nerved. ALATAE.

8. ALATAE.

Stems decussately much flattened, with nerved wings. Leaves fal-
cately lanceolate. Mountains of central Mexico.

Stems and leaves strongly nerved. P. calyculatum.

Phoradendron calyculatum n. nom.

Viscum falcatum Hooker, Icon. Plant, vol. 4. pi. 368. 1841.
Phoradendron falcatum Eichler in von Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 107. 1868.

Not forked, the very long, much compressed branches without cata-
phyls, dioecious. Internodes rather long (60-100 mm. or more), at first,
like the foliage, sparingly hairy and somewhat resinous-dotted, 2-edged.
from 5 mm. at base dilated to 20 mm. above. Leaves falcate, narrowly
lanceolate, obtuse, 1x15-25 cm., gradually narrowed into thick petioles
about 10 mm. long, about 5-nerved and veiny. Spikes mostly solitary,
moderate, (30-40 mm.), usually somewhat villous, with 3-5 oblong joints
some 50-flowered : peduncle 2-3 mm. long : scales typically somewhat vil-
lous, long-ciliate like the often deeply lobed calyx-like receptacular cups.
Fruit globose, 4 mm. in diameter, minutely granular-papillate: sepals
short, glabrate, parted.- — Plates 62, 63.

Sierras and Cordillera of Mexico ( ? exclusively) on Quercus. — The
type from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Jalapa (Linden, 538, 1839 : Galeotti,
2696, 1840, — the type of V. falcatum Hooker) . Oaxaca (Andrieux, 346) .
Sierra de S. Felipe (Pringle, 4699). Tlapancingo (Nelson, 2074). With-
out locality (Karwinski). Cuernavaca, Morelos (Pringle, 13189).

Strongly marked in its chief characteristics, but presenting several
distinguishable forms: filipes (PI. 64), with the slender staminate spikes
borne on a filiform peduncle 10-12 mm. long (Zacuapam, V. C., Purpus,
6279, 1912, with the type) ; occidentale, with longer spikes as much as 60
mm. long, of about 6 joints (Sierra de Nayarit, Jalisco (Diguet, 111,
forming hanging tufts 2 mm. or more long) ; Gonzalezi (PI. 64), with
shorter broader sometimes obovate leaves 1-2x3.5-5 or even 9 cm. (Canada
de S. Gabriel, Etla (Conzatti & Gonzales, 295).

AEQUATOEI ALES— DIVISION 55

II AEQUATORIALES

With cataphyls or scales constantly present toward the base of the
branches, exceptionally cymosely dichotomous or forking without a per-
current main stem. Spikes axillary and, in the cymose forms, terminal.
Flowers in dioecious or monoecious unisexual spikes or, mostly, with
staminate and pistillate flowers on the same spike. All are glabrous ex-
cept for the small group Anomalae. Central in Brazil, extending from
the Argentine to central Mexico and through the West Indies even to
the northern Bahamas.

Cataphyls on the basal joint only of each branch. INTERRUPTAE.

Cataphyls on alternate joints. PARADOXAE.

Cataphyls on all joints. CONTINUAE.

D. INTEKRUPTAE.

Cataphyls strictly limited to the basal joint of each branch, the
branches normally percurrent so that some joints occur without cata-
phyls. Throughout the range of the Aequatoriales.

With foliage leaves. FOLJOSAE.

Leaves reduced to scales. SQUAMOSAE.

I. FOLIOSAE.

With foliage leaves. All are glabrous except for the group Anomalae.
Throughout the range of the Aequatoriales.

Leaves basinerved. BASINERVIAE.

Leaves pinnately veined, never very narrow. PENNINERVIAE.

a. BASINERVIAE.

Nerves starting from the base of the leaves, rarely joined for a short
distance above the petiole, never with a pinnately branched midrib al-
though the middle nerve may be stronger and more raised than the oth-
ers.

Glabrous throughout, though sometimes papillate.
Leaves not clasping.

Fruit elongated, with erect sepals. LONGIBACCAE.

Fruit round, ovoid, or ellipsoidal.

Flowers prevailingly 2-ranked on each joint.
Fruit tuberculate.

Stem mostly sharply 4-angled.

Leaves obovate. Of wide range. E MARGIN AT AE.
Leaves elliptical or lance-oblong.
Argentine. ARGENTINAE.

56 THE GENUS PHORADENDKON

Stem not 4-angled. Mexican or Central

American. VERNICOSAE.

Fruit not tuberculate though sometimes wrinkled
or minutely papillate.

Leaves equally or obscurely nerved on both sides.
Mexican or Central American. VERNICOSAE.
West Indian.

Leaves lanceolate or elliptical.

CHRYSOCARPAE.

Leaves obovate-spatulate. DOMINGENSES.
Of the Pacific Islands. P. Townsendi.

Leaves fine-nerved above, heavy-nerved

beneath. P. laxiflorum.

Flowers prevailingly 4-ranked on each joint.

Commonly varying into 2 ranks. — See above.
Often varying into 4+2 series, i. e. with an extra flower
interposed at top between the two rows of flowers
over each scale of the spike, a.
a Fruit tuberculate.

Stein sharply 4-angled.

Leaves obovate. Brazilian. P. emarginatum.

Leaves narrowly lanceolate. West Indian. P. gracile.

Leaves subelliptical. Argentine. P. argentinum.

Stem not sharply 4-angled.

Argentine. Leaves short. ARGENTINAE.

Uruguayan. Leaves elongated. FALCIFERAE.

Mexican or Central American. ANNULATAE.

a Fruit not tuberculate.

Stem sharply 4-angled.

Sepals closely meeting in fruit. QUADRANGULARES.

Sepals not meeting : stem rhombic. RUBRAE.

Stem terete or 2-edged, at first somewhat rhombically
compressed or 4-lined.

Leaves drying golden, with thin revolute margin.

Brazilian. NITENTES.

Leaves not golden-glossy.

Drying thin, sharp nerved.

Mexican. NERVOSAE.

Central American. P. Cooperi.

South American.

Leaves narrow. ANGUSTIFOLIAE.

Leaves broad. ANDINAE.

West Indian. CHRYSOCARPAE.

Coriaceous or heavy.

Rather sharp-nerved.

Dimidiate. South American. DIMIDIATAE.

AEQUATORIALES— INTEERUPTAE 57

Obovate or oblanceolate to linear.

Stem terete. Brazilian. ENSIFOLIAE.
Stem compressed or 2-edged.

Brazilian. Leaves moderately

large. TURBINISPICAE.

Argentine. LIGAE.

Mexican.

Fruit ovoid. LANCEOLATAE.

Fruit globose. PRINGLEAE.

Opaque, or obscurely or heavily nerved.

Fleshy. Mexican. NERVOSAE.

Moderately coriaceous.
South American.

Spikes very long with large

Scales. POLYGYNAE.

Spikes not long.

Venezuelan. EIGIDAE.

Brazilian. CORIACEAE.

West Indian.

Fruit smooth.

Sepals closely meeting.

CHRYSOCARPAE.

Sepals parted. RUBRAE.

Fruit wrinkled. CAMPBELLIAE.

Central American.

Leaves elongated. CORYNARTHRAE.
Leaves broad or small. BREVIFOLJAE.
Mexican.

Leaves small or broad. BREVIFOLIAE.
Leaves long and narrow. PRINGLEAE.
Very thick and dull. ROBUSTISSIMAE.

Flowers prevailingly 6-ranked on each joint.

Varying into 2 or 4 ranks. — See the preceding sections.
Varying into 4+2 series.

Leaves obscurely nerved.

Thick and opaque, mostly papillately dull.

ROBUSTISSIMAE.
Moderately coriaceous, smooth.

Spikes moderately long, with moderate
scales.

Venezuelan. RIGIDAE.

Brazilian.

Leaves moderate. CORIACEAE.
Leaves rather large.

P. lanceolato-ellipticum.

58 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Spikes long, with large scales.

POLYGYNAE.

Leaves heavy-nerved, fleshy.

Lanceolate. Mexican. NERVOSAE.

Dimidiate. Andean. OBLIQUAE.

Leaves sharply nerved.

Stem. 4-angled or winged. AMPLECTENTES.
Stem flattened or ancipital.
Leaves elliptical-dimidiate.

DIMIDIATAE.

Leaves lance-ovate, thin. ANDINAE.

Stem terete. ENSIFOLIAE.

Leaves clasping except in two species, thin and sharply nerved : stem
2- or 4- winged and acutely angled : flowers in 6 series, exception-
ally fewer or more. AMPLECTENTES.
Tomentose throughout. South American. ANOMALAE.

9. ANNULATAE.

Leaves elongated or narrow, rather thick though nerved from the
base. Shoots 2-edged for a time. Cataphyls a single pair on the basal
joint only. Flowers mostly in 4 series. Fruit warty. Southern Mexico
and Central America.

Leaves relatively broad (1.5-2.5 cm).
Petiolar contraction slender.

Leaves broadest below the middle. P. annulatum.

Leaves broadest about the middle. P. multiflorum.

Leaves cuneately subsessile. P. amplifolium.

Leaves narrow ( .4-. 8 cm.). P. carneum.

PHORADENDRON ANNULATUM Oliver.

Phoradendron annulatum Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren.

Kjobenhavn. 1864. p. 176.
PTioradendrum annulatum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 3.

1897.

Not forked but more or less pseudodichotomous from the falling of
one lateral branch at a node, the rather long and stout branches with
basal cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (3-4x35-50 mm.),
somewhat resinous-dotted like the foliage, 2-edged or at first somewhat
quadrate becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, basal, somewhat
tubular, white-margined. Leaves lanceolate, obtuse to acute, 1.5-2x10-12
cm., cuneately contracted into a slender petiole 1-2x10 mm. Spikes
mostly solitary, moderate (30 mm. in fruit), smooth, with about 4 clavatc
joints 12-18-flowered in 4 or 4-f 2 series when pistillate : peduncle 3 mm.

AEQUATOEIALES— ANNUL ATAE 59

long: scales and deep receptacular cups scarcely ciliate. Fruit subglo-
bose, reddish, 4 mm. in diameter, low-verrucose : sepals closely inflexed. —
Plate 65.

Guatemalan and Isthmian regions. — The type from Costa Rica.

Specimens examined: — COSTA RICA (Oersted, 14, 3082, the type, 4,
3096}. GUATEMALA. Volcan Fuego, Sacatepequez (Smith, 2610).

Phoradendron multiflorum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and slender branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-50 mm.), somewhat resin-
ous-dotted like the foliage, somewhat 2-edged becoming terete. Cataphyls
a single pair, basal, tubular-bifid, white-margined. Leaves falcately
lanceolate, mucronately subacute, 1 to mostly 1.5 or 2x12-18 cm., cune-
ately contracted into a subpetiolar base 2x10-15 mm. Spikes mostly sol-
itary, moderate (about 40 mm.), smooth, with about three oblong joints
turbinately about 20-flowered in 4 series when pistillate and some 60-
flowered in 6 series when staminate : peduncle 3-4 mm. long : scales and
receptacular cups minutely or evanescently ciliate. Fruit (immature)
subglobose, reddish, 3-4 mm. in diameter, low-verrucose: sepals closely
inflexed. — Plates 66, 67.

Guatemalan region. — The type from Guatemala.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Volcan Acatenango, Sacatepe-
quez (Kellerman, 5154, staminate, and 5155, pistillate, Feb. 20, 1905,—
the types).

Phoradendron amplifolium n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and stout branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious?. Internodes rather long (2-5x50-80 mm.), resinous-dot-
ted like the foliage, 2-edged becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair,
basal, somewhat tubular and white-margined. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong
to obovate-elliptical, very obtuse, 1.5-3x8-9 or even 12 cm., prominently
5-nerved and distinctly veiny, cuneately broad-based for about 10 mm.
Spikes clustered, moderate (about 30 mm.), smooth, with about 3 oblong-
fusiform joints about 12-flowered in 4-series when pistillate: peduncle
2-4 cm. long: scales little ciliate. Fruit subglobose, reddish, large, 6-7
mm. in diameter, verrucose : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 68.

Cordilleran and eastern Sierra Madre regions of Mexico. — The type
from Puebla.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. PUEBLA. Piaxtla to Amolac (Nel-
son, 2018, Nov. 24, 1894, the type). Huajuapam to Oaxaca and Retlatz-
ingo (Nelson, 1982). Tehuacan (Liebmann, 12, 3080). VERACRUZ. Pa-
pantla (? Liebmann, 13, 3106). Pont de Jalapa (de Pedeguara, 2690).

60 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

PHORADENDRON CARNEUM (Urban).

Plwradeudrum carneum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beiblatt 5. p. 1.
1897.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal cata-
phyls only, dioecious! Internodes rather short (2-4x30-60 mm.), resin-
ous-dotted like the foliage, ancipital becoming terete. Cataphyls a single
pair, basal, somewhat tubular and white-margined. Leaves linear-
lanceolate, obtuse or mucronate to acute, .5-1.2x5-15 cm., rather evidently
3- or occasionally 5-nerved but scarcely veiny, cuneately narrowed for
5 to 10 mm. rather than petioled. Spikes mostly clustered, moderate
(20-30 mm.), smooth, with about 3 oblong joints some 8-flowered in 4
series when pistillate : peduncle 2-5 mm. long, bearing a few flowers when
elongated : scales and receptacular cups short-ciliate. Fruit globose, red-
dish-orange, 4-5 mm. in diameter, somewhat verrucose : sepals inflexed
and nearly or quite meeting. — Plate 69.

Western Sierra Madre region, extending onto the tableland and
through the Mexican Cordillera ( ? exclusively) on Ipomoea trees. — The
type from Jalisco.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. JALISCO. Guadalajara (Pringle,
1854, 1888,— the type, 2668, 8647; Safford, 1438) . Zapotlan (Ross, 459} .
Chapala (Palmer, 719). Sayula (Jones, 570). Etzatlan (Barnes & Land,
284). Without locality (Diguet, 107). MICHOACAN. Morelia (Gregg,
745, 1849). GUANAJUATO. Guanajuato (Duges, 30, 266a). Empalme
de Gonzales (Rusby, 177, — "on cotton- wood"). QUERETARO. Cadereyta
to Visaron (Rose, Painter & Rose, 9742). OAXACA (Conzatti, 1913).

10. PRINGLEAE.

Leaves linear-lanceolate, rather thick, somewhat evidently basinerved.
Shoots ancipital for a time. Cataphyls a single pair, on the basal joint
only. Flowers in 4+2 series. Fruit smooth, with closed sepals. South-
ern Mexico.

Fruiting spikes short (15-20 mm.). P. Pringlei.

Fruiting spikes moderate (25-35 mm.). P. Forestierac.

Phoradendron Pringlei n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderately long slender branches
with basal cataphyls only, dioecious. Internodes short (2x15-30 mm.),
varnished when young like the foliage, ancipital, somewhat dilated up-
wards, becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, 5-10 mm. above the
base, scarcely tubular. Leaves linear, submucronately rather acute,
.5-.8x7-16 cm., long-attenuate at base. Spikes usually solitary, short (10-15

AEQUATORIALES— NERVOSAE 61

mm.), smooth, with 2 or 3 joints globose and covered by 12-18 flowers
in 4+2 series when pistillate, or clavate and about 30-flowered when
staminate : peduncle 1-2 mm. long : scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit globose,
waxy, white ?, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth, overgrown by the receptacular
cups : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 70.

Mexican tableland ( ? exclusively) on Fraxinus. — The type from Hi-
dalgo.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. HIDALGO. Tula (Pringle, 6630, 1897,
—the type) . Dublan (Pringle, 11159, 13188} .

PHORADENDRON FORESTIERAE Robinson & Greenman.

Phoradendron Forestierae Robinson & Greenman, Proc. Amer. Acad. vol.
32. p. 36. 1896.

Little forked, the moderately long slender branches with basal cata-
phyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.), more or
less varnished when young like the foliage, ancipital becoming terete.
Cataphyls a single pair 5-10 mm. above the base, spreading. Leaves lin-
ear-lanceolate, obtuse or submucronate, .5-.7x5-8 cm., long-attenuate at
base. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (30-40 mm.), with about 3 joints
swollen in the middle and about 14-flowered in 4+2 series when pistillate :
peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long: scales and receptacular cups somewhat
ciliate. Fruit subglobose, white?, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth, deeply
covered by the thin receptacular cups : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 70.

Cordilleran region of Mexico ( ? exclusively) on Forestiera. — The
type from Puebla.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. PUEBLA. Tehuacan to Esperanza
(Pringle, 6290, 1895,— the type). Near Tehuacan (Rose & Hay, 5873;
Endlicli, 1899a). Tepoxuchil (Arsene, 6).

11. NERVOSAE.

7 Leaves rather broad and fleshy, typically coarsely nerved from the
base. Cataphyls on the basal joint only, 1 or less commonly 2 or rarely
3 pairs. Flowrers mostly in 4+2 series. Fruit round, nearly or quite
smooth, with closed sepals. Mexico.

Leaves ovate : spikes short. P. pachyartliron.

Leaves lanceolate: spikes rather long.

Shoots nearly terete. P. Schumanni.

Shoots ancipital.

Cataphyls mostly 2 pairs. P. Purpusi.

Cataphyls 1 pair.

Spike-joints turbinately fruited. P. nervosum.

Spike- joints clavately fruited. P. Conzattii.

62 THE GENUS PHOEADENDKON

PHORADENDRON PACHYARTHRON Eichler.

Phoradendron pachyarthron Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt.

2. p. 122. 1868.

Phoradendrum pachyarthron Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 33.
1897.

Scarcely forked, dull, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (3-4x40-60 mm.), somewhat an-
cipitally compressed, becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair about 5
mm. from the base or frequently 1 or 2 additional pairs at short intervals,
scarcely tubular. Leaves rather elliptical below becoming lanceolate
above, obtuse, 2-5.5x5-9 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 15-20 mm. Spikes
often clustered, rather short (20 mm.), with about 4 subglobose joints
some 6-flowered in 4+2 series when pistillate: peduncle 2 mm. long:
scales evanescently ciliolate. Fruit?. — Plate 71.

Mexican tableland. — The type from near Real del Monte.
Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Banos (Ehrenberg, 1011, Dec. 1838,
—the type).

Phoradendron Schumann! n. sp.

Scarcely forked, rather glossy, the moderate branches with basal cata-
phyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-4x20-60 mm.), quickly
terete. Cataphyls a single pair 5 or mostly 10-15 mm. above the base, or
2 pairs 10-15 mm. apart, acutely spreading. Leaves oblong-elliptical to
elliptical lanceolate, very obtuse, 1.5-2.5x6-8 cm., cuneately subpetioled
for about 10 mm. Spikes often clustered, rather long (20 or 25 to 50 or
70 mm.), with some 4 to 6 joints 6- to 12- or 14-flowered in 4 or 4+2 ser-
ies: peduncle 2-4 mm. long: scales minutely ciliate. Fruit subglobose,
smooth, 5 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plates 71, 72.

Western Sierra Madre region ( f exclusively) on Quercus. — The type
from Jaral.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Mountains about Jaral (Walther
Schumann, 711, Dec. 25, 1885,— the type, Nov. 20, 1886). Sierra Nana-
ruchic, Chihuahua (Endlich, 1219). Santiago Papasquiaro, Durango
(Palmer, 84). Without locality (Karwinski, 1844). Sierra Madre of
N. W. Mexico (Seemann, 2140).

Phoradendron Purpusi n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, rather granular, the elongated
branches with basal cataphyls only, dioecious ?. Internodes rather short,
(3x30-50 mm.), somewhat compressed and dilated beneath the nodes be-
coming terete. Cataphyls mostly 2, sometimes 3 pairs, one basal or nearly
so and the others at intervals of 5-10 mm., scale-like. Leaves somewhat
falcately lanceolate, acute to very obtuse, 2 or 2.5-4x8-15 cm., cuneately

AEQUATOEIALES— NEEVOSAE (.3

petioled for 10-15 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, rather long (at length
40 or 50 mm.), with about half a dozen moderate joints some 16- to 24-
flowered in 4, 4+2 or 6 series : peduncle 2 mm. long : scales evanescently
somewhat ciliate. Fruit subglobose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter: sepals
closely inflexed. — Plate 73.

Eastern Sierra Madre region ( ? exclusively) on Quercus. — The type
from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Zacuapam, V. C. (Purpus, Feb.
1912, — the type). Mirador (Liebmann, 4, 3097, 1842, — P. Reichenbach-
ianum Oliver) . Without locality ( 1 Hdhn, 1865-6) .

PHORADENDRON NERVOSUM Oliver.

Phoradendron nervosum Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren.
Kjobenhavn. 1864. p. 175.

Scarcely forked, the rather long slender branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious. Internodes moderate (2-3x50-70 or even 150 mm.), an-
cipital becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, basal, scarcely tubular,
white-margined. Leaves obliquely lanceolate, attenuately rather obtuse,
1.5 or 2 to 4 or 5x9-12 or even 17 cm., varying into orbicular and 7x8 cm.,
5- or 7-nerved and veiny, cuneately petioled for 10 mm. Spikes mostly
clustered, rather long (20-30 becoming 40-60 mm.), smooth, with mostly
4 or 6 joints turbinately 12- to 30-flowered in 4 or 4-(-2 series : peduncle
3-5 mm. long: scales and receptacular cups evanescently short-ciliate.
Fruit subglobose, reddish, 3 mm. in diameter, at length finely granular :
sepals inflexed. — Plates 8, 74.

Eastern Sierra Madre region, on Anona, Liquidambar, Pyrus, Quer-
cus, etc. — The type from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. VERA CRUZ. Papantla (Liebmann,
5, 3089). Colipa (Liebmann, 5, 3090, — the type). Cordoba (Bourgeau,
1473, 1482, 1483; Kerber, 34). Orizaba (Botteri, 873; Mueller, 1219;
Bourgeau, 2546). Paso Macho (Wawra, 865). Fortin (Kerber, 351).
El Mirador (Endlich, 1138; Ross, 718). Sta. Ana (Bourgeau, 3034).
Zacuapam (Purpus, 2877, 1912). Jalapa (Pringle, 8191). Without lo-
cality (Herb. Grisebach.). "Mexico und Umgebung" (Wawra, 420).

Phoradendron Conzattii n. sp.

Not forked, the long stout branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious. Internodes moderate (3-6x25-60 mm.) rough-papillate, ancipital
and somewhat dilated becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, above
the base, acute, spreading. Leaves falcately lanceolate, submucronately
obtuse to very long-attenuate, 3-4x15-30 cm., 5- to 7-nerved and somewhat

64 THE GENUS PHOBADENDKON

veiny, cuneately petioled for 20-30 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, stout,
long (30, becoming 55-60 mm. in fruit), smooth, with about 5 clavate
joints 8- to 12-flowered in 4+2 series when pistillate or with double this
number of flowers when staminate : peduncle scarcely 5 mm. long : scales
little ciliate. Fruit subglobose, smooth, deeply immersed in the recep-
tacular cups : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 75.

Cordilleran region of Mexico ( ? exclusively) on Quercus. — The type
from Oaxaca.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. OAXACA. Coyula to Cuyamacalco,
Cuicatlan (Conzatti & Gomez, 2380, June 22, 1909, — the type). Xaya-
catlan (Rusby, Mar. 1910).

A form with thicker less nerved leaves not attenuate at tip, and short
acutely compressed internodes, from Tecomatlan to Pueblo Vie jo, Oax.
(Conzatti, 1897), may be distinguished as var. tecomatlana (PI. 75).
With two pairs of cataphyls respectively some 10 and 60 mm. above the
base and leaves scarcely 12 cm. long, it is var. nocJiixtlanensis (Huauh-
chilla, Nochixtlan, Oaxaca, at 2500 m. (Conzatti & Gonzales, 1187, June
1901).— Plate 76.

12. LANCEOLATAE.

Leaves moderately fleshy, narrowly lanceolate, rather obscurely basi-
nerved. Cataphyls a single pair, on the basal joint only. Flowers in
4-J-2 series. Fruit ovoid, smooth, with closed sepals. Mexico.

Shoots quickly terete : leaves heavy-nerved. P. lanceolatum.

Shoots ancipitally compressed : leaves fine-nerved. P. falcatum.

PHORADENDRON LANCEOLATUM Engelmann.

Phoradendron lanceolatum Engelmann, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. s. vol. 4.
p. 59. 1849.

Not forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious. Internodes moderate (2-3x20-40 mm.), smooth, nearly terete.
Cataphyls a single pair, about 8 mm. above the base, acute, spreading.
Leaves short-lanceolate, obtuse, 1-1.5x6-8 cm., indistinctly nerved, cune-
ately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate
(30-40 mm.), rather stout, smooth, with about 5 oblong joints 6- to 10-
flowered when pistillate and 15- to 20-flowered in 4+2 series when stam-
inate: peduncle 2-4 mm. long: scales ciliate. Fruit ovoid, 3x4 mm.,
smooth : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 77.

Eastern Sierra Madre region ( ? exclusively) on Quercus. — The type
from northern Mexico.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. Rinconada, between Monterrey and
Saltillo (Gregg, 255,— the type; TJiurber, 865).

AEQUATOBIALES— ANGUSTIFOLIAE 65

Phoradendron falcatum n. comb.

Viscum falcatum Chamisso & Schlechtendal, Linnaea. vol. 5. p. 172. 1830.
V. Schiedeanum de Candolle, Prodomus. vol. 4. p. 671. 1830.

Not forked, the moderately long and stout branches with basal cata-
phyls only, dioecious?. Internodes rather short (2-4x20-50 mm.), smooth,
ancipitally flattened becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly
basal, rather blunt and white margined. Leaves lanceolate, obtuse, at
length 1.5x8-15 cm., rather distinctly but finely nerved, cuneately atten-
uate for about 10 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, rather short (15-25 mm.),
slender, smooth, with about 4 joints some 6-flowered in 4+2 series when
pistillate: peduncle 1-3 mm. long, sometimes with more than one joint:
scales ciliolate. Fruit (immature) ovoid, 2x3 mm., smooth: sepals in-
flexed.— Plate 78.

Eastern Sierra Madre region (? exclusively) on Quercus. — The type
from Jalapa.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Jalapa (Schiede, 403, — the type of
V. falcatum). San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 799).

13. ANGUSTIFOLIAE.

Leaves narrow or short, rather thin, fine-nerved from the base. Shoots
nearly terete. Cataphyls a single pair, on the basal joint only. Flow-
ers in 4+2 series. Andes.

Leaves linear-lanceolate, long : sepals inflexed. P. angustifolium.

Leaves broadly lanceolate, short : sepals erect. P. parietarioides.

PHORADENDRON ANGUSTIFOLIUM Eichler.

Phoradendron angustifolium Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt.

2. p. 115. 1868.
Loranthus angustifolius Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp.

vol. 3. p. 442. 1818.

Viscum angustifolium de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 281. 1830.
V. stenophyllum Sprengel, Systema. vol. 1. p. 487. 1825.

Not forked, the moderate rather slender branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious! Internodes rather short (2-3x25-50 mm.), smooth,
nearly terete or evanescently 2-edged. Cataphyls a single pair, 5-10 mm.
above the base, spreading. Leaves linear-lanceolate, obtuse, 1x12-13 cm.,
finely nerved, cuneately petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes more or less
clustered, rather short (20 mm.), slender, smooth, with 3-6 oblong joints
some 14- to 30-flowered in 4+2 series when pistillate : peduncle 4-6 mm.
long : scales narrowly white margined. Fruit globose, 4 mm. in diameter,
smooth : sepals inflexed. — Plate 79.

66 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined: — PERU. Olleras to Mt. Aipate (Bonpland, 3508,
— the type of L. angustifolius) . Without locality ( ? Pavon, — with ciliate
scales and pistillate spikes 30 mm. long about 12-flowered at the ends of
the joints). BOLIVIA. Without locality (Cuming, 1 84).

Phoradendron parietarioides n. sp.

Not forked, the moderate slender branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes short (2-3x20-30 mm.), smooth, slightly com-
pressed toward the nodes becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, above
the base, acute, spreading. Leaves lanceolate, acute, 1.5-2.5x6-8 cm., thin,
finely 5-nerved and veiny, cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes
clustered, short (15 mm.), slender, smooth, with some 3 filiform joints
scarcely 10-flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle 2-3 mm. long. Fruit ellip-
soidal, 3x4 mm., nearly smooth : sepals suberect, not meeting. — Plate 80.

Andean region. — The type from Ecuador.

Specimens examined: — ECUADOR. Without locality (Sodiro, 148/20,
— the type, 148/25; Jameson, in Herb. Hooker.). Cumbaya (Sodiro, c,
1871) . Quisaya (Sodiro, i, 1874) .

14. CORYNARTHRAE.

Leaves elongated or narrow, rather thin, fine-nerved from the base.
Shoots mostly 2-edged. Cataphyls 1 or less commonly 2 pairs, on the
basal joint only. Flowers in 4 or 4+2 series. Fruit roundish, smooth or
wrinkled. Central America.
Leaves narrow, not very sharply nerved.

Fruiting spike-joints clavate. P. corynarthron.

Fruiting spike-joints turbinate. P. Tonduzii.

Leaves relatively broad (2 cm.) sharply nerved. P. Cooperi.

PHORADENDRON CORYNARTHRON EicTiler.

Phoradendron corynarthron Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 15. pt.
2. p. 115. 1868.

Scarcely forked, the moderately long rather slender branches with
basal cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes rather short (1-2x30-50
mm. ) , scarcely 2-edged. Cataphyls usually 2 pairs, one nearly basal and
the other some 15 mm. above it, scarcely tubular. Leaves narrowly lan-
ceolate, mucronately subacute, 1-1.5x4-6 cm., more or less evidently about
3-nerved, cuneately subpetioled for scarcely 10 mm. Spikes mostly sol-
itary, moderate (becoming 30-40 mm.), slender, smooth, with about 4
joints clavately some 6- to 12-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle 5 mm.

AEQUATORIALES— ANDINAE 67

long: scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature) globose, much wrinkled,
3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 81.

Isthmian region. — The type from Panama.

Specimens examined: — PANAMA. Chiriqui (Wagner, Apr. 1858, —
the type).

Phoradendron Tonduzii n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long and slender branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-60 mm.), striate, 2-edged
becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal. Leaves narrowly
lanceolate, obtuse, 1-1.5x15 cm., finely 3- or mostly 5-nerved, cuneately
long-attenuate at base. Spikes sometimes clustered, moderate (30-40
mm.), slender, smooth, with 3 or 4 joints turbinately some 20-flowered
in 4 series when pistillate and 30-flowered in 4+2 series when staminate :
peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long: scales and receptacular cups microscop-
ically and transiently ciliate. Fruit (immature) somewhat ovoid, 3 mm.
in diameter, smooth : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 82.

Isthmian region. — The type from Costa Eica.

Specimens examined: — COSTA RICA. Sta. Rosa du Copey (Tonduz,
12179, Apr. 1898,— the type). San Ramon (Brenes, 14407). Without
locality (Friedrichsthal, 1841/xiv; Herb. Bentham.) .

Phoradendron Cooperi n. sp.

Not forked, the long rather stout branches with basal cataphyls only,
dioecious. Internodes elongated (4-5x60-80 mm.), ancipital becoming
terete. Cataphyls a single pair, basal, rather acute. Leaves falcately
lanceolate, obtuse, 1.5-2.5 or 3x15 cm., finely about 5-nerved, cuneately
subpetioled for 10 or 15 mm. Spikes often clustered, slender, moderate
or long (20-35 or even 65 mm.), smooth, with some 5 joints about 20-flow-
ered when pistillate and as much as 30-flowered in 4+2 series when stam-
inate: peduncle 1-2 mm. long: scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature)
subglobose : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 83.

Isthmian region. — The type from Costa Rica.

Specimens examined : — COSTA RICA. Estrella, Cartago (J. J. Cooper,
5931, July 1887, — the type). Monte Candelaria, San Jose, etc. (Oersted,
5, 3091, 3093, 1846-7) . San Jose (Hoffmann, 219, 1854) .

15. ANDINAE.

Leaves broad or large, rather thin, fine-nerved from the base. Shoots
mostly 2-edged. Cataphyls a single pair, on the basal joint only. Flow-
ers mostly in 4+2 series. Fruit round, smooth, with closed sepals. Andes,
including part of Venezuela.

68 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Leaves elongated (10-15 cm.).

Relatively narrow (scarcely 2.5 cm.).

Narrowly lanceolate. Venezuela. P. tubulosum.

Broadly lanceolate. Colombia. P. Trianae.

Relatively broad (3-7 cm.).

Lanceolate. Bolivia. P. semiteres.

Ovate-lanceolate. Ecuador. P. Verleyseni.

Leaves rather short (6-7 cm.) and broad. Venezuela. P. granaticolum.

PHORADENDRON TUBULOSUM (Urban) .

Phoradendrum tubulosum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 5.
1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-3x25-60 mm.),
smooth, from ancipital becoming terete. Cataphyls basal, a single pair,
tubular, scarious-margined. Leaves falcately lanceolate, obtuse, 2-2.5x14
cm., finely about 7-nerved, cuneately subpetioled for some 10 mm. Spikes
more or less clustered, moderate (becoming 30-40 mm. in fruit), with 3
or 4 joints turbinately about 18-flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle about
3 mm. long: scales scarcely ciliate, rather acutely divergent. Fruit (im-
mature) subglobose, nearly smooth, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals closely in-
flexed.— Plate 84.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined. — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1106, — the
type). Galipan (Kuntze, 1579).

PHORADENDRON TRIANAE Eichler.

Phoradendron Trianae Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2. p.
117. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (3-4x50-70 mm.),
smooth, very acutely ancipital. Cataphyls a single pair, basal, deeply
parted, somewhat scarious-margined. Leaves subfalcately lanceolate,
obtuse, about 2.5x9 cm., somewhat indistinctly 5- to 7-nerved, cuneately
wing-petioled for 10-15 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, moderate (20,
lengthening to 30 mm.) , with about 3 rather fusiform joints some 36-flow-
ered in 4-J-2 series : peduncle 2 mm. long : scales somewhat scarious-mar-
gined, scarcely ciliate, subtruncate. Fruit red, globose, smooth, 3-4 mm.
in diameter : sepals rather closely inflexed. — Plate 84.

Andean region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Andes de Herve, Antioquia, a£
1800 m. (Triatia, 2778,— the type number). "Colombia and Ecuador"
Lehmann, 6667) .

AEQUATOR1ALES— ANDINAE 69

Phoradendron semiteres n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes rather long (3-6x50-100 mm.),
smooth, ancipital or half-round becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair,
tubular-bifid, scarious-margined. Leaves obliquely or subfalcately lance-
olate, obtuse, 1.5 or 2x8-9 or 3-4x12 cm., finely 5- to 7-nerved, cuneately
subpetioled for 10 or 15 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, moderate
(becoming 30 mm. in fruit), with about 3 ellipsoidal joints 10- to 24-flow-
ered in 4+2 series : peduncle 2 mm. long : scales scarious margined, not
ciliate. Fruit red, globose, nearly smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals
rather closely inflexed. — Plate 85.

Andean region. — The type from Bolivia.

Specimens examined : — BOLIVIA. Sirupaya, near Yanacachi, S. Yun-
gas (Buchtien, 1411, Dec. 17, 1906,— the type). Cotana, at 2450 m.
(Bucliticn, 163}. PERU. Without locality (Pavon ).

Phoradendron Verleyseni n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the long branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious?. Internodes elongated (3-6x100 mm. or more), smooth, for a time
somewhat compressed but soon terete. Cataphyls a single pair, basal,
tubular-bifid, white-margined. Leaves (on the same plant) from more
or less falcately lanceolate, 2x7 cm., passing into almost truiicately ovate,
7x12 cm., obtuse or bluntly acuminate, about 7-nerved, sometimes rather
abruptly or subcordately contracted to the cuneately winged 10 mm.
petiole. Spikes often clustered, moderate (20 lengthening to 50 mm. in
fruit), with about 4 oblong joints some 20-flowered in 4+2 series: pedun-
cle scarcely 5 mm. long: scales scarcely ciliate, subtruncate or notched.
Fruit red, globose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. —
Plate 86.

Andean region. — The type from Ecuador.

Specimens examined : — ECUADOR. Without locality (Verleysen, 148*,
—the type, 148**, 1896; Sodiro, 19c, 28, 29, 30, 32, 148/29, 148/29b).
Aguirre (Sodiro, Dec. 1870). Quito (Jameson, 608, 1848). Perucho
(Sodiro, x, 1871) . Niebly (Sodiro, x, 1873) .

With thicker more persistently compressed internodes, rather thicker
leaves, and more numerous flowers than in the type, it occurs from
Puente de Chimbo (Sodiro, 148/19) in a form which may be called var.
chimboensis. — Plate 87. With spikes as in the last, but less compressed
internodes and small leaves some .5x5-6 cm., it becomes var. Fraseri,
without locality (Fraser, 1860).

70 THE GENUS PHOEADENDBON

Phoradendron granaticolum n. sp.

Not forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious?. Internodes rather long (2-6x25-100 mm.), smooth, elliptically
ancipital. Cataphyls a single pair, basal, tubular, scarious-margined.
Leaves elliptical-lanceolate to somewhat rhombically ovate, very obtuse,
2.5-4.5x6-8 cm., finely 5- to 7-nerved, cuneately petioled for about 10 mm.
Spikes (very young) short (15 mm.), with about 4 oblong joints some
20-flowered in about 6 series : peduncle 2 mm. long : scales scarcely ciliate,
somewhat brown-margined. Fruit?. — Plate 87.

Venezuelan region (? exclusively on Punica). — The type from Ven-
ezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Caracas (Gollmer, Apr. 28, 1854,
—the type).

16. AMPLECTENTES.

Leaves mostly of medium size, drying rather thin and distinctly fine-
nerved from the base, usually clasping with recurved but quickly up-
curving bases. Shoots 2- or 4-winged. Cataphyls 1 or rarely 2 pairs, on
the basal joint only. Flowers mostly in 6 series. Fruit round, nearly
smooth, usually with closed sepals. South America; one species in the
West Indies.

Upper internodes ancipital or 2-winged.

Leaves not clasping, relatively large (7-10 cm.). P. Casimiranum.
Leaves clasping, usually under 7 cm. long.

Internodes winged. P. dipterum.

Internodes merely 2-edged.

Leaves narrow (1-1.5 cm.), rather long.

P. multifoveolatum.
Leaves broader (1.5 cm.), rather short.

P. hypericifolium.
Upper internodes acutely 4-angled or 4-winged.

Leaves elliptical-lanceolate. P. tetrapterum.

Leaves lanceolate, rather long.
Petiolately contracted.

Relatively broad (1 :4) .

Fertile joints turbinate. P. demerarae.

Fertile joints clavate. P. tovarense.

Relatively elongated (1 :5). P. Crulsii.

Sessile and broadly clasping. P. amplexicaule.

Leaves obovate-oblanceolate. P. Glaziovii.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate, large. P. amplectens.

Leaves ovate, sessile. P, turbinispicum.

AEQUATORIALES— AMPLECTENTES 71

Phoradendron Casimiranum n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (3-4x50-70 mm.), the
upper flattened and somewhat wing-margined. Cataphyls a single basal
pair or 2 approximated pairs, somewhat tubular. Leaves subspatulately
oblanceolate, very obtuse or somewhat emarginate, 2x8 cm., exceptionally
obovate and as much as 5 cm. wide, finely 5- or 7-nerved, revolutely at-
tenuate for nearly 10 mm., scarcely clasping. Spikes solitary, long (at
length 80 or 90 mm.), with 6-8 rather slender joints turbinately about 40-
flowered in 6 series: peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long, sometimes with a
second pair of scales: scales acutely spreading, scarcely ciliate. Fruit
(immature) globose, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. —
Plate 88.

Brazilian region ( ? exclusively) on other mistletoes. — The type from
Paraguay.

Specimens examined: — PARAGUAY. Peribebui (Balansa, 3220, — the
type in the herbarium of M. Casimir de Candolle) . Paraguari ( ? Bal-
ansa, 4721, — younger and with smaller leaves).

PHORADENDRON DIPTERUM Eichler.

Phoradendron dipterum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 109. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-6x30-75 mm.),
the upper broadly 2-winged. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair or a
second pair 5-10 mm. higher. Leaves elliptical to oblanceolate-oblong,
submucronately very obtuse, 1-2.5x3-10 cm., rather distinctly 3- to 5-
nerved, gradually revolutely narrowed to the somewhat clasping base
rather than petioled. Spikes often clustered, long (40, -lengthening to 80
mm. or more in fruit) , with half a dozen rather slender oblong joints as
much as 30-flowered in 6 series : peduncle 5 mm. long : scales evanescently
ciliolate. Fruit (immature) brownish, globose, 3 mm. in diameter, very
slightly granular : sepals inflexed. — Plate 89.

Brazilian region. — The type from Ceara.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Ceara (Gardner, 1672, — the type).
Monte Cruzeiro, Bahia (Rose & Russell, 20027}.

PHORADENDRON MULTIFOVEOLATUM Eichler.

Phoradendron multifoveolatum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5.
pt. 2. p. 110. pi. 34. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cata-
phyls only, dioecious. Internodes rather short (2x30-60 mm.), the upper

72 THE GENUS PHORADENDKON

ancipitally flattened. Cataphyls a single pair, basal. Leaves oblance-
olate-oblong, mucronately subacute, .5-1 or 1.5x5-6 or rarely 10 cm., some-
what 3-, 5- or 7-nerved, gradually revolutely narrowed to the somewhat
clasping base. Spikes solitary, long (40-80 mm.), with half a dozen slen-
der oblong or somewhat fusiform joints 30- to 60-flowered when pistillate
and 60- or 80-nowered in 6 series when staminate : peduncle 5 mm. long,
sometimes with a very short basal joint: scales deeply parted, scarcely
ciliate. Fruit reddish white, globose, smooth, about 3 mm. in diameter :
sepals somewhat parted. — Plate 90.

Brazilian region. — The type from Bahia.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Desert regions of Bahia (v. Mar-
tins,— the type).

Phoradendron hypericifolium n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
dioecious! Internodes moderate (2x40-60 mm.), the upper rhombically
ancipital. Cataphyls a single pair, basal, tubular-bifid. Leaves ellip-
tieal-obovate, obtuse, 1.5x4 cm., rather evidently 5-nerved, somewhat
revolutely narrowed to the sessile clasping base. Spikes solitary, long
(50-60 mm. in fruit), with about 4 fusiform or turbinate joints some 40-
flowered in 6 series when pistillate: peduncle 4 mm. long: scales some-
what notched, scarious-margined, scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature)
red, globose, cellular-papillate, about 3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely
inflexed. — Plate 91.

Brazilian region. — The type from Paraguay.

Specimens examined. — PARAGUAY. Southern Paraguay (Kuntze, 9,
Sept. 1892,— the type).

PHORADENDRON TETRAPTERUM (Krug & Urban).

Phoradendrum tetrapterum Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 35.
1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long and spreading
branches with basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather
short (2-4x30-60 mm.), the upper acutely and rather undulately 4-
winged. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, somewhat tubular or an-
nular-bifid. Leaves more or less falcately elliptical-oblanceolate or ob-
ovate, rather obtuse, 1.5-3.5x6-10 cm., rather evidently about 5-nerved,
cuneatcly narrowed for 5-10 mm. rather than petioled. Spikes mostly
clustered, long (40-90 mm.), with about 5 joints turbinately some 18- to
26-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle 2 mm. long: scales rather acutely
spreading, scarcely ciliate. Fruit white, subellipsoid, cellular-papillate,
2x3 mm. : sepals not meeting. — Plate 92.

Antillean and Caribbean regions ( ? exclusively) on other mistletoes.
— The type from Jamaica.

AEQUATORIALES— AMPLECTENTES 73

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA (Harris, 6393, — taken
as the type, 6545, 6576, 6926: Britton, 813). PUERTO Rico (Bertero,
from Sprengel in the Presl herbarium; Kuntze, 426; Sintenis, 5409,
6758; Britton, Stevens & Hess, 2564; Stevens, 4818, 4819, 4828, 4887,
5210, 5211). CARIBBEES. MARTINIQUE (Iscrt, 1787).

Phorandendron demerarae n. sp.

More or less pseudodiehotomous, the rather long and spreading
branches with basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate
(2-5x30-60 mm.), the upper either ancipitally flattened or 4-winged.
Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal or 10-15 mm. above the base, some-
what tubular. Leaves more or less rhomboidally lanceolate, very obtuse,
2-3x5-7 cm., finely about 5-nerved, somewhat revolutely tapered for about
10 mm. rather than petioled, slightly clasping. Spikes more or less clus-
tered, long (40-90 mm.), with about 5 somewhat fusiform or turbinate
slender joints about 26-flowered in 4 series: peduncle 2 mm. long: scales
acutely ascending, scarcely ciliatc. Fruit white, subglobose, smooth, 3
mm. in diameter : sepals not meeting. — Plate 91.

Cayenne region ( ? exclusively) on other mistletoes. — The type from
British Guiana.

Specimens examined: — DEMERARA (Jenman, 2546, Nov. 1886, — the
type : noted by its collector as the most beautiful of the Guiana mistle-
toes).

PHORADENDRON TOVARENSE (Urban).
Plioradendrum tovarense Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 8. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes moderate (3-4x40-80 mm.), ancipital, the up-
per acutely quadrangular or 4-winged. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly
basal. Leaves somewhat falcately lanceolate, very obtuse, 2-3x8-10 cm.,
finely about 7-nerved, gradually narrowed for 15 or 20 mm. to the some-
what clasping base. Spikes mostly clustered, long (50-80, becoming 120
mm.), with half a dozen joints clavately some 30- to 50-flowered about
the middle in 6 or even 8 or 10 series: peduncle 2 or 3 to 7 mm. long:
scales subtruncately spreading, scarcely ciliate. Fruit globose, smooth,
3-4 mm. in diameter : sepals nearly meeting. — Plate 93.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1761, — the
type, 1110, 1111).

74 THE GENUS PHOEADENDBON

PHORADENDRON CRULSII (Urban).
Phoradendrum Crulsii Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 11. 1897.

Mot forked, the long branches with basal eataphyls only, dioecious?.
Internodes rather short (3-5x50-60 mm.), the upper acutely and undu-
lately 4-winged. Cataphyls?. Leaves somewhat falcately lanceolate, very
obtuse, 2.5-3x8-12 cm., more or less evidently 5- or 7-nerved, cuneately
subses^ile and clasping. Spikes often clustered, rather long (30, becom-
ing; 50-70 mm. in fruit), with half a dozen rather slender joints turbi-
nately about 30-flowered in 6 series : peduncle 3 mm. long : scales ciliate.
Fruit (immature) red, subglobose, cellular-papillate, 3 mm. in diameter:
sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 94.

Brazilian region. — The type from Goyaz.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Goyaz (Glaziou, 22021), July 22,
1895,— the type).

PHORADENDRON AMPLEXICAULE Eichler.

Phoradendron amplexicaule Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 110. 1868.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal eataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes rather short (3-4x40-50 mm.), the upper
acutely and undulately 4-winged. Cataphyls?. Leaves shortly lance-
olate, very obtuse, 1-2x8 cm., somewhat evidently 5- or 7-nerved, broadly
sessile and clasping. Spikes mostly clustered, moderate (20-30 mm.),
with 2 or 3 joints clavately about 18-flowered in 6 series : peduncle 3 mm.
long: scales and receptacular cups somewhat ciliate. Fruit (immature)
globose, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 94.

Brazilian region. — The type from Brazil.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Without locality (Weddell, 1858, —
the type collection, in the Candollean herbarium).

PHORADENDRON GLAZIOVII (Urban).
Phoradendrum Glaziovii Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 12. 1897.

Not forking, the rather long somewhat cellular-papillate branches
with basal eataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes at length long ( 1 or
2-4x40-100 mm. or more), the upper acutely 2- or mostly 4-angled or
winged. Cataphyls a single basal pair, or a second pair about 5 mm.
above the base, somewhat acutely spreading: an occasional pair of fer-
tile scales 2-4 mm. long preceding the foliage. Leaves obovate-oblance-
olate or subspatulate, sometimes mucronate, very obtuse or emarginato.
2-4x5-9 cm., somewhat revolutely attenuate for 10 or 15 mm. rather than

AEQUATORIALES— AMPLECTENTES 75

petiolcd, somewhat clasping, finely about 5-nerved. Spikes mostly clus-
tered, long (40, becoming 75 mm.), with half a dozen rather slender ob-
long joints some 20- to 40-flowered in 6 series: peduncle 2 mm. long:
scales rather truncate, evanescently ciliolate. Fruit?. — Plate 96.

Brazilian region. — The type from Rio de Janeiro.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro ( Glaziou, 4004, — the
type).

Phorandendron amplectens n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cata-
phyls only, dioecious?. Internodes long (4-7x60-75 mm. or more, the
upper acutely and often undulately 4-winged. Cataphyls a single pair,
basal, tubular. Leaves more or less falcately broadly lanceolate or ob-
lanceolate, very obtuse, 2.5-5x7-10 or 15 cm., somewhat evidently 5- or
7-nervod, cuneately contracted for 15 or 20 mm. into a subpetiolar base
4-5 mm. wide, which is abruptly dilated and clasping. Spikes mostly
clustered, rather long (30, lengthening to 50 mm.), with about 5 rather
slender joints turbinately 30- to 50-flowered in 6 series : peduncle 3 mm.
long: scales subtruncate, scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature) subglobose,
smooth, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 95.

Andean region ( ? exclusively) on other mistletoes. — The type from
Ecuador.

Specimens examined: — ECUADOR. Without locality (Sodiro, 148/21,
1882,— the type). Quisaya (Sodiro, 1874).

Phoradendron turbinispicum n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the elongated branches with basal cataphyls only,
dioecious?. Internodes rather long (3-5x30-100 mm.), rather transiently
4-angled. Cataphyls mostly a nearly basal pair and a second some 20
mm. higher, tubular, white-margined. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, obtusely
somewhat acuminate, 2.5-4x7-10 cm., scarcely nerved, cuneately sessile.
Spikes solitary, long?, with evidently several rather stout joints turbi-
nately some 40- to 60-flowered in 4-f 2 series : peduncle about 5 mm. long :
scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature) subglobose: sepals inflexed. —
Plate 96.

Andean region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined : — COLOMBIA, Quindiu, Mariquita ( Triana, 2777,
1851-7,— the type).

17. BREVIFOLJAE.

Leaves small, thick, dull, scarcely veined, basinerved. Shoots, if at
first somewhat compressed, quickly terete. Cataphyls a single nearly

76 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

basal pair, on the basal joint only. Flowers in 4 or 4+2 series. South-
ern Mexico and Central America.

Leaves very small (3x10 mm.). P. brevifolium.
Leaves moderate (fully 10x30 mm.).
Cataphyls basal.

Leaves rather small (20x40 mm.). P. Rondeletiae.

Leaves rather large (30x50 mm.) . P. vulcanicum.

Cataphyls above the base : leaves crisped. P. crispum.

PHORADENDRON BREVIFOLIUM Oliver.

Phoradendron brevifolium Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren.
Kjbbenhavn. 1864. p. 176.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, at first varnished, the rather long
branches with basal cataphyls only, dioecious?. Intemodes rather long
(2-3x50-70 mm.) , transiently somewhat squarish. Cataphyls a single pair,
about 5 mm. above the base, tubular-bifid, somewhat scarious-margined..
Leaves narrowly elliptical or oblong, very obtuse, small (.3x1-1.2 cm.),
sessile. Spikes often clustered, rather long (becoming 40 or 50 mm. in
fruit), with about 4 moderate joints clavately 8- to 18-flowered about the
middle in 4+2 series : peduncle scarcely 3 mm. long : scales evanescently
searious-fimbriate. Fruit (immature) rather oblong, smooth, scarcely 3
mm. long: sepals closely inflexd. — Plate 97.

Cordilleran region of Mexico. — The type from Tehuacan.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Tehuacan, Puebla (Liebmann, 16,
3084, 1841,— the type ; Rose, Painter & Rose, 9965} . Teotitlan, Oax. (Con-
zatti,2124).

Phoradendron Rondeletiae n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather short branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes short (2-4x10-30 mm.),
smooth, for a time rather ancipitally flattened, somewhat dilated below
the nodes. Cataphyls a single pair, less than 5 mm. above the base, an-
nular. Leaves elliptical-obovate, 1-2x3-4 cm., cuneately petioled for about
5 mm. Spikes solitary, short (10-15 mm.), with 2 or 3 short joints some
4- to 10-fLowered in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle nearly suppressed. Fruit
globose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter: sepals erect, spreading. — Plate 98.

Guatemalan region ( ? exclusively) on Rondeletia. — The type from
Coban.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Coban, Alta Verapaz (v. Tuerck-
heim, ii, 2045, Dec. 1907,— the type). Samac (v. Tuercklieim, 435).

A KQUATORIALES— EOBUSTI8SIM A K 77

Phoradendroiv vulcanicum n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate, (2-5x40-70 mm.),
smooth, somewhat compressed and dilated below the nodes but not angu-
lar. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, acute. Leaves broadly ellip-
tical to ovate or obovate, very obtuse, 2.5-3x4-6.5 cm., rather abruptly
petioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, short (10 mm.), with
2 or 3 short joints some 10-flowered in 4-(-2 series: peduncle nearly sup-
pressed. Fruit?.— Plate 99.

Guatemalan region ( ? exclusively) on Leguminosae. — The type from
Acatenango.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Volcan Acatenango, Sacatepe-
quez (Kellerman, 4829, Feb. 20, 1905,— the type). Volean Fuego, Saca-
tepequez (Kellerman, 4551} .

Phoradendron crispum n. sp.

More or less verticillate, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls
only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-3x40 mm.), smooth, es-
sentially terete. Cataphyls a single pair, 10-20 mm. above the base, short
and spreading. Leaves round-obovate, much crisped in drying, very ob-
tuse, 1.5-2.5x3-5 cm., rather abruptly petioled for about 5 mm. Spikes
mostly solitary, short (15 mm.), with 2 or 3 short rather slender joints
some 16- to 20-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle 2 mm. long. Fruit?.—
Plate 99.

Isthmian region ( ? exclusively) on Myrtaceae. — The type from Costa
Rica.

Specimens examined: — COSTA RICA. Locality? (Pittier, 14117, Dec.
31, 1900, — the type). Volcan de Poas (Pittier, 816).

18. ROBUSTISSIMAE.

Leaves rather large and broad, thick, dull and obscurely basinerved.
Shoots 2-edged or terete. Cataphyls usually a single pair, on the basal
joint only. Flowers in 4, 4+2 or 6 series. Fruit nearly round, smooth,
with closed sepals. Mountain regions of Mexico and Central America.

Internodes for a time strongly 2-edged : leaves ovate-
lanceolate. P- Reichenbachianum.
Internodes not 2-edged.

Leaves elliptical. P- robustissimum.

Leaves lanceolate. P- falcifoUum.

78 THE GENUS PHOKADENDRON

PHORADENDRON REICHENBACHIANUM Oliver.

Phoradendron Reichenbachianum Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist.

Foren. Kjobenhavn. 1864. p. 175.
Viscum Reichenbachianum Seemann, Bot. Herald, p. 296. pi. 62. 1852-7.

Scarcely forked, the long stout branches with basal cataphyls only,
dioecious. Internodes moderately long (5-10x50-100 mm.), from sharply
ancipital becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, 5 mm. above the
base, not tubular. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, ob-
tuse, 3-4x8-10 cm., thick and dull, rather abruptly petioled for 10-15 mm.
Spikes mostly clustered, rafcher long (30-50 mm.), smooth, stout, with
about 6 globose joints some 8- to 10-flowered when pistillate and 12- to
30-flowered in 4+2 series when staminate : peduncle 3-5 mm. long : scales
little or transiently ciliate. Fruit (immature) subglobose, nearly smooth,
3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 100.

Western Sierra Madre and Cordilleran regions of Mexico ( ? exclu-
sively) on Quercus. — The type from western Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Sierra Madre, N. W. Mexico (See-
mann, 2141, — the type of V. ReichenbacManum). Jalisco (Diguet, 108).
Tlalpuxahua, near Toluca (Diguet). Jordana, near Toluca (Gregg, 722,
1849). Without locality (Graham, 233).

PHORADENDRON ROBUSTISSIMUM Eichler.

Phoradendron robustissimum Bichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5.
pt. 2. p. 122. 1868.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, microscopically cellular-papillate
throughout, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious?. Internodes moderate (2-5x50-70 mm.), transiently somewhat
rhombically compressed becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly
basal, scarcely tubular. Leaves elliptical or subovate, obtuse or retuse,
2.5-3.5x4.5-6.5 or even 5x8 cm., abruptly cunate-petioled for 5 mm. Spikes
mostly clustered, rather long (30-50 mm.), with about 5 moderate joints
some 16-flowered in 4 series when pistillate: peduncle 3-5 mm. long:
scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature) elongated, smooth, 3x5 mm. :
sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 101.

Isthmian region. — The type from Costa Rica.

Specimens examined: — COSTA RICA. Ojos de Agua (Hoffmann, 360,
Dee. 1856,— the type). Nicoya (Tonduz, 13705).

Phoradendron robustissimum simulans n. var.

Leaves elongated-elliptical, 3-5x8-12 cm., obtuse, with a heavy apical
mucro, rather gradually cuneate at base. Staminate spikes with the

AEQUATORIALES^-CORIACEAE 79

joints 30- to 50-flowered in 44-2 series. Approaching the next species. —
Plate 102.

Guatemalan and Isthmian regions. — The type from San Salvador.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Masagua, Escuintla (Smith,
2097}. Dept. Guatemala (Kellerman, 5100). Fiscal (Deam, 6099).
Without locality (Friedrichsfkal, 1841). EL SALVADOR. San Salvador
(Itenson, 284, 1908, — the type). NICARAGUA. Without locality (Roth-
schuli, 464). Matagalpa (Preuss, 1372). COSTA RICA. El Rodeo (Pit-
tier, 1637) .

Phoradendron falcifolium n. sp.

Scarcely forked, microscopically cellular-papillate, the rather long
branches with basal cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate
(3-4x50-70 mm.), transiently somewhat compressed and dilated below the
nodes becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, scarcely
tubular. Leaves broadly lanceolate, falcate, obtuse, 2.5-4x10-14 cm., cu-
neately subpetioled for 15-25 mm. Spikes clustered, moderate (30 mm.),
with about 6 moderate subglobose joints 20- to 30-flowered in 6 series:
peduncle scarcely 20 mm. long: scales transiently and minutely eiliate.
Fruit?.— Plate 100.

Guatemalan region. — The type from Baja Vera Paz.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Sta. Rosa, Baja Vera Paz (v.
Tuerckheim, ii, 2168, Mar. 1908, — the type).

19. COBIACEAE.

Leaves rather small, dull, obscurely basinerved. Shoots 2-edged or
terete. Cataphyls 1-3 or 4 pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers in
4, 4+2, or 6 series. Fruit round or ellipsoid, smooth, with variously in-
flexed or parted sepals. South America.

Stems not very nodose.
Leaves smooth.

Lanceolate. P. congestum.

Oblanceolate-obovate. P. caripense.

Lance-elliptical or ovate. P. Herbert-Smithii.

Narrowly oblong. P. exiguum.

Leaves drying rough-granular.
Internodes quickly terete.

Leaves linear. P. stenophyllum.

Leaves rather lanceolate. P. coriaceum.

Internodes 2-edged. P. ulophyllum.

Stems much swollen at the nodes : leaves linear-

oblanceolate. P. habrostacJiyum.

80 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Phoradendron congestum n. nom.

Plioradendron rubrum var. longifolia Eichler in v. Martins, Fl. Brasil.
vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 121. 1868.

Not forked, the moderate rather slender branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious?. Internodes rather short (2x25-40 mm.), smooth, rhom-
bically compressed and rather persistently 2-edged. Cataphyls a single
pair, nearly basal, scarcely tubular. Leaves falcately lanceolate, very
obtuse, ]. 5-2x7-10 cm., rather evidently about 5-nerved, cuneately sub-
petioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, typically short (10-15,
but becoming 30 or 40 mm. in some cases), with about 3 slender joints
8- to 30-flowered in 4 series : peduncle 5 mm. long : scales nearly truncate,
little ciliate. Fruit subglobose, scarcely 3 mm. in diameter, smooth : sepals
inflexed but scarcely meeting. — Plates 103, 104.

Brazilian region. — The type from Goyaz.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Goyaz (Gardner, 3764, 1837-1841, —
the type of P. rubrum longifolium. A specimen of the same collection in
the Berlin herbarium bears, evidently by error, the number 3765).

PHORADENDRON CARIPENSE Eichler.

Phoradendron caripense Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 111. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-50 mm.),
smooth, for a time 2-edged. Cataphyls 1 or rarely 2 pairs, toward the
base, scarcely tubular or scarious. Leaves obliquely oblanceolate, very
obtuse, 2x3.5-6 cm., cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes little
clustered, short (scarcely 20 mm.), with about 3 slender joints about 30-
flowered in 6 series: peduncle short: scales scarcely scarious or ciliate.
Fruit?.— Plate 104.

Brazilian region. — The type from Para.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Caripi, near Para (Spruce, 140, Aug.
] 849,— the type).

Phoradendron Herbert-Smith!! n. sp.

Pseudodichotomous or verticillate, the long branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-70 mm.),
smooth, somewhat compressed but soon terete. Cataphyls 1 or rarely 2
nearly basal pairs, bluntly spreading, white-margined. Leaves elliptical-
lanceolate, very obtuse to subemarginate, 2-2.5x3-6 or even 4x9 cm., cu-
neately narrowed for about 5 mm. rather than petioled. Spikes almost
solitary, rather long (20, becoming 40-60 mm.), with half a dozen rather

AEQUATORIALES^CORIACEAE 81

elongated slender joints some 10-flowered when pistillate or with thrico
this number of flowers in 4-(-2 series when staminate : peduncle scarcely
2 mm. long: scales and receptacular cups somewhat ciliate. Fruit ovoid,
nearly smooth, 3x4 mm. : sepals ascending, slightly parted. — Plate 105.

Venezuelan-Isthmian region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined : — COLOMBIA. Sta. Marta, near Bonda, almost at
sea-level (Herbert H. Smith, 1283, — the type).

Phoradendron exiguum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous or verticillate, the rather long
branches with basal cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate
(2-3x20-40 mm.), smooth, soon terete. Cataphyls a single nearly basal
pair, tubular-bifid, somewhat white-margined. Leaves oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, very obtuse, .5-1x4-6 cm., cuneately subpctioled for scarcely 3
mm. Spikes mostly solitary, rather long (20-40 mm.), with 3 or 4 very
slender joints scarcely 14-flowered in 4-J-2 series: peduncle 2-3 mm. long,
sometimes with an additional pair of scales. Fruit (immature) ellip-
soidal, somewhat wrinkled, 2x3 mm. : sepals somewhat parted. — Plate
106.

Venezuelan-Isthmian region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Sta. Marta, near Bonda (Smith,
1281— the type).

Phoradendron stenophyllum n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate slender branches with
basal cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-3x15-60 mm.),
nearly or quite smooth, from very slightly compressed quickly terete.
( 1ataphyls a basal pair often followed at 5 or 10 mm. by a second pair,
spreading, white-margined. Leaves narrowly oblong or linear, often fal-
cate or somewhat recurved, acute or mucronate, .3-.4x3-5 cm., sessile.
Spikes more or less clustered, moderate (becoming 35-40 mm.), with
about 4 rather slenderly fusiform joints some 10-flowered in 4+2 series
when pistillate: peduncle 3-12 mm. long, sometimes with a nearly basal
pair of scales: scales scarcely scarious or ciliate. Fruit (immature) sub-
globose, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth : sepals meeting. — Plate 106.

Brazilian region. — The type from Bahia.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Machado Portello, Bahia (Rose &
Russell, 19908, June 1915, — the type).

PHORADENDRON CORIACEUM von Martius.

Phoradendron coriaceum von Martius, — Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil.
vol.5, pt. 2. p. 121.^1868.

82 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate rather slender branches
with basal cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-70
mm. ) , smooth, from very slightly compressed quickly terete. Cataphyls
a single pair toward the base, or a second or rarely a third and fourth
pair closely following, scarcely tubular, white-margined. Leaves lance-
olate to elliptical-oblanceolate, very obtuse, 1.5-2.5x5-7 cm., cuneately
subpetioled for scarcely 5 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, rather
short (20, lengthening to 30 mm.), with 3 or 4 somewhat tumid joints
scarcely 10-flowered in 4-f-2 series when pistillate : peduncle scarcely 2
mm. long, followed by one or two sterile joints: scales scarious-margined,
evanescently ciliate. Fruit ovoid, 3x4 mm., smooth : sepals inflexed. —
Plate 107.

Brazilian region. — The type from Minas Geraes.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Minas Geraes (v. Martins, — the type) .
Piauhy (Gardner , 2625} . Alagoas (Gardner, 1319}.

With transiently somewhat 2-edged internodes and foliage connecting
the type with P. ulophyllum, to which in some respects it rather pertains,
it is Phoradendrum coriaceum quintense Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23.
Beibl. 57. p. 13. 1897, from Quinta, Rio de Janeiro (Glaziou, 4010}.-
Plate 107.

PHORADENDRON ULOPHYLLUM Eichler.

Phoradendron ulophyllum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 123. 1868.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate slender branches with
basal cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes rather short (2x30-50 mm.),
smooth, the upper rhombically 2-edged. Cataphyls a single pair toward
the base, or one or two additional pairs at intervals of about 5 mm.,
scarcely tubular, white-margined. Leaves more or less obovately oblance-
olate, 1.5-2x4-8 cm., cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes little
clustered, rather short (20-25 or 30 mm.), with about 4 rather tumid
joints some 14-flowered in 4-f-2 series when pistillate : peduncle 1-3 mm.
long, often followed by a sterile joint : scales scarious-margined, scarcely
ciliate. Fruit elliptical, 3x4 mm., smooth : sepals inflexed. — Plate 108.

Brazilian region. — The type from Rio de Janeiro.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro ( Gaudichaud, 573, —
the type ; and in the Vienna herbarium as 473, 1833 ; Glaziou, 4009, 7663,
8730} .

PHORADENDRON HABROSTACHYUM Eichler.

Phoradendron habrostachyum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5.
pt. 2. p. 111. 1868.

Scarcely forked, the moderate rather slender branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious, or monoecious on separate shoots. Internodes

AEQUATORIALES— RIGIDAE 83

short (2-3x20-30 mm.), smooth, the upper ancipital and dilated to 5 or
6 mm. below the nodes. Cataphyls 2-4 pairs, toward the base, scarcely
tubular. Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, very obtuse, scarcely 1x4 cm.,
scarcely nerved, cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes more or
less clustered, moderate (scarcely 25 mm.), with 3-6 slender joints some-
what turbinately about 30-flowered when staminate and clavately half as
many flowered in 6 series when pistillate : peduncle 1-2 mm. long : scales
scarcely ciliate. Fruit said to be pale yellow, globose, smooth, 2.5-3 mm.
in diameter. — Plate 109.

Brazilian region. — The type from Minas Ueraes (v. Martins, — the
type).

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Minas Geraes (v. Martins, — the type).

20. RIGIDAE.

Leaves moderate, thick, dull, scarcely evidently basinerved. Shoots
more or less compressed or ancipital. Cataphyls mostly 2 or 3 pairs, on
the basal joint only, exceptionally fertile. Spikes short, with small scales.
Flowers in 2, 4 or 6 series. Fruit mostly round, smooth and with nearly
closed sepals. Venezuela.

Leaves round-ovate (1:1.5). P. ovalifolium.
Leaves oblanceolate.

Very obtuse. P. longipetiolatum.

Subacute. P. bUineatum.

Leaves elliptical-obovate (1 :2).

Subsessile. P. rigidum.

Long-cuneate. P. Jenmani.

PHORADENDRON OVALIFOLIUM (Urban).

Plioradendrum ovalifolium Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23., Beibl. 57. p. 6.
1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (1-3x15-60 mm.),
smooth, terete. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair, usually with a second pair
5-10 mm. higher, bluntly spreading, white-margined. Leaves broadly
ovate to obovate, obtuse or subemarginate, 1.5-3x2.5-4 cm., rather ab-
ruptly petioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, short ( 15, lengthen-
ing to 25 mm.), with about 3 joints some 6- to 10-flowered in 4+2 series:
peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long, sometimes followed by a more or less ster-
ile joint: scales white-margined. Fruit subglobose, nearly smooth, 3-4
mm. in diameter: sepals inflexed. — Plate 110.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined. — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1108, — the
type).

84 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

PHOBADENDRON LONGIPETIOLATUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum longipetiolatum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p.
6. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the elongated branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes rather long (2-5x50-70 mm.), smooth, the up-
per compressed rather than ancipital. Cataphyls usually a nearly basal
pair followed by a second some 5 mm. higher, tubular-bifid, white-mar-
gined, exceptionally floriferous like the spike-scales. Leaves falcately
narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, somewhat mucronately very obtuse,
1.5-3x5-10 cm., cuneately attenuate at base for 10-20 mm. Spikes often
clustered, short (15-20 mm.), with about 3 short joints some 20-flowered
in 6 series: peduncle 3 mm. long: scales evanescently ciliate. Fruit (im-
mature) subglobose, smooth. — Plate 111.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1762, — the
type).

PHORADENDRON BILINEATUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum bUineatum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 5.
1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the elongated branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-4x50-60 mm.),
smooth, the upper somewhat ancipital, with 2 rather persistent keels.
Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, scarcely tubular, sometimes sub-
tending spikes. Leaves falcately lanceolate, subacute and often mucro-
nate, 2-3.5x9-11 cm., cuneately petioled for 10-15 mm. Spikes mostly sol-
itary, moderate (30 mm.), .with about 3 joints some 20-flowered in 4+2
series : peduncle 3 mm. long : scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit subglobose, 3
mm. in diameter, nearly smooth : sepals suberect. — Plate 112.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1811, — the
type).

PHORADENDRON RIGIDUM (Urban).
Phoradendrum rigidum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 7. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the elongated branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes rather long (3-5x40-70 mm.), smooth, the up-
per ancipital and dilated below the nodes. Cataphyls usually 2, or some-
times 3 or 4 pairs, the lowermost shortly above the base, the others at
increasing intervals of 10-30 mm., tubular-bifid, white-margined, some-
times fertile. Leaves elliptical-obovate, submucronately very obtuse.
3x6-8 cm., cuneately contracted for about 5 mm. rather than petioled,

AEQUATORIALES— POLYGYNAE 85

very obscurely subpinnately nerved. Spikes solitary, short (20 mm.),
with 2 or 3 somewhat fusiform joints some 10-flowered when pistillate as
the upper are, and twice as numerous when staminate, as are the lower,
in 44-2 or 6 series: peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long. Fruit (immature)
subglobose, nearly smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. —
Plate 113.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1105, — the
type).

Phoradendron Jenmani n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-80 mm.),
smooth, nearly terete. Cataphyls a more or less closely basal pair fol-
lowed at 10-20 mm. by another, a third pair sometimes intervening, tubu-
lar-bifid. Leaves elliptical-obovate, very obtuse, 3-4x4-7 cm., cuneately
subpetioled for about 10 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, moderate
(20-30 mm.), with about 3 short slender joints about 4-flowered in 2 ser-
ies: peduncle 3 mm. long, usually with a basal pair of scales. Fruit
ovoid, nearly smooth, 4x6 mm. : sepals somewhat parted. — Plate 114.

Cayenne region. — The type from Demerara.

Specimens examined: — BRITISH GUIANA. Bartica (Jenman, 2541,
-i 678— the type).

21. POLYGYNAE.

Leaves moderately large and broad, thick, basinerved. Shoots an-
cipital or 4-sided but not winged. Cataphyls a single pair, on the basal
joint only. Spikes long, with large scale-cups. Flowers in 4-[-2 or 6
series. Fruit round, smooth, with closed sepals. Andes.

Leaves dull, without evident nerves. P. poly gy num.

Leaves somewhat glossy, distinctly 3-nerved. P. Briquetianum.

PHORADENDRON POLYGYNUM Eichler.

Phoradendron polygynum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 124. 1868.
Spiciviscum polygynum Karsten, Fl. Columb. vol. 1. fasc. 2. p. 73. pi. 36.

1859. — Schnitzlein, Iconographie. pi. 108.

Scarcely forked, the long branches with basal cataphyls only, andro-
gynous. Internodes rather long (2-5x30-100 mm.), smooth, the upper
rhombically ancipital or 4-sided, somewhat dilated below the nodes. Cata-
phyls a single pair, somewhat above the base, tubular. Leaves elliptical-
obovate to lanceolate, very obtuse, 3-5x6-12 cm., cuneately subsessile, dull
and very obscurely subpinnately nerved. Spikes more or less clustered.

86 THE GENUS PHOBADENDBON

very long (120-160 mm.), with about 8 stout oblong joints some 60- to
80-flowered in 4+2 or 6 series, those from the upper nodes pistillate, and
those from the lowermost staminate: peduncle 5 mm. long: scales toward
the base forming deep funnel-shaped tubes. Fruit (immature) subglo-
bose, nearly smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. — Plates
115-116.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1104). The
type, superbly pictured by its author, came from Lake Tacarigua, Cara-
cas (Karsten).

PHORADENDRON BRIQUETIANUM Trelease.

Plwradendron Briquetianum Trelease, Annuaire du Conserv. Jard. Bot.,
Geneve, vol. 15-16. p. 351. 1913.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-60 mm.), smooth, the up-
per ancipital and somewhat dilated below the nodes. Cataphyls a single
pair, about 8 mm. above the base, tubular. Leaves narrowly elliptical-
oblong to broadly obovate, mucronately subacute to very obtuse or emar-
ginate, 1 or 1.5-3x5-6 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 10 mm., rather evi-
dently about 3-nerved, drying glossy. Spikes mostly solitary, long (fully
50 mm.), with some 3 oblong joints about 80-flowcred in 6 series: pedun-
cle 5-8 mm. long: scales not very long. Fruit?. — Plate 117.

Andean region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Bogota (Linden, 796, Dec. 1842,
— the type ; Holton, 658) .

22. OBLIQUAE.

Leaves large, dimidiately elliptical or lanceolate, fleshy, basinerved.
Shoots nearly terete. Flowers in 4+2 or 6 series. Fruit round, smooth,
with closed sepals. Andes.

Leaves very large and thick. P. obliquum.

PHORADENDRON OBLIQUUM Eichler.

Plwradendron obliquum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 134 m. 1868.

Phoradendrum obliquum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 2. 1897.
Viscum obliquum Presl, Epimel. Bot. p. 255. 1849.

Large, brittle, with basal cataphyls only?, androgynous?. Internodes
thick and long (5x100 mm. or more), transversely rugulose, nearly terete,
somewhat enlarged at the nodes. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair some-
times closely followed by another, and usually with a pair some 20-30

AEQUATORIALES— DIMIDIATAE 87

mm. higher, tubular. Leaves falcately or dimidiately lanceolate, very
obtuse, 4-8x10-23 cm., cuneately thick-petioled for 10-20 mm. Spikes
rr.ther long (50-60 mm.), with half a dozen short swollen joints some 24-
to 40-flowered in 4+2 or 6 series: peduncle stout, scarcely 5 mm. long,
with about 3 pairs of scales. Fruit (immature) subglobose, smooth, 3
mm. in diameter: sepals closely innexed. — Plate 117.

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined : — PERU. Huannoca Mts. (Haenke, — the type of
V. obliquwn in the Bohemian Museum at Prag and, without data, in the
herbarium of the German University at Prag). ECUADOR. Niebly (So-
diro, a, July 1873). Sto. Domingo to S. Nicolas (Sodiro, 148/16, Sept.
1892).

23. DIMIDIATAE.

Leaves rather large, dimidiately lance-elliptical, diying rather thin
and basi nerved. Shoots subterete to ancipital. Cataphyls 1 or frequently
2 or 3 pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers in 4+2 or 6 series. Fruit
round, cellular-papillate, with closed sepals. Eastern South America.

Shoots nearly terete.

Spikes moderate (50-70 mm.). P. dimidiatum.

Spikes very long (finally 100 mm. or more). P. Perrotietii.

Shoots 2-edged. P. bathyoryctum.

PHORADENDRON DIMIDIATUM Eichler.

Phoradendron dimidiatum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 134 m. 1868.
Phoradendrum dimidiatum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 9.

1897.
Viscum dimidiatum Miquel, Linnaea. vol. 18. p. 58. 1844.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.), smooth, slightly
compressed. Cataphyls a pair somewhat above the base, sometimes fol-
lowed by a second some 10 mm. higher. Leaves more or less obliquely
or even dimidiately elliptical or sublanceolate, very obtuse, 2.5-3.5x6.5-10
cm., cuneately wing-petioled for 10 mm. Spikes solitary, rather long
(50-70 mm.), with half a dozen fusiform joints some 18- to 24- or fully
50-flowered in 4+2 or 6 series: peduncle 3-5 mm. long. Fruit f. —
Plate 118.

Cayenne region ( ? exclusively) on Citrus. — The type from Surinam.

Specimens examined: — SURINAM. Orellana Creek (Focke, 716, — the
type of V. dimidiatum) .

88 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

PHORADENDRON PERROTTETII Eichler.

Phoradendron Perrottetii Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 112. 1868.
Viscum Perrottetii de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 280. 1830.

Not forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only, andro-
gynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-90 mm.), nearly smooth, little
compressed and soon terete. Cataphyls a single pair some 5 mm. above
the base or occasionally 2 or 3 pairs at short intervals, blunt and spread-
ing. Leaves falcately or dimidiately elliptical or lance-elliptical, very
obtuse, 3-4x9-12 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes more or
less clustered, long (30-50, becoming 100-130 mm.), with about 5 moder-
ately thickened oblong joints some 18- to 30- or 40-flowered in 4+2 or 6
series: peduncle scarcely 5 mm. long, usually followed by a nearly or
quite sterile joint. Fruit said to be whitish, subglobose, minutely cellu-
lar-papillate, 3-4 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 119.

Cayenne region. — The type from Cayenne.

Specimens examined: — FRENCH GUIANA (Perrottet, 228, 1820, — the
type of V. Perrottetii; Sagot, 1291; Gabriel, 1802; Martin; Leprieur, 97,
194, 195, 1835, 1839). BRITISH GUIANA (Jenman, 2247, ?2542, 3795,
4821}.

Though the binomial of this species under Phoradendron must be as-
cribed to Eiehler, the Brazilian material referred here by him is rather
of P. bathyoryctum, neither species appearing to cross the Amazon valley.

PHORADENDRON BATHYORYCTUM Eichler.

Phoradendron bathyoryctum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt.
2. p. 123. pi. 43. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-5x60-100 mm.),
cellular-papillate, the upper more or less rhombically ancipital and en-
larged at the nodes. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, spreading.
Leaves more or1 less obliquely elliptical to oblong, very obtuse, 2x6 to
mostly 4-7x10-15 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes more
or less clustered, long (becoming 80-90 mm.), with about 4 thick oblong
joints turbinately some 30-flowered in 4 or 4-J-2 or exceptionally 6 series :
peduncle 5 mm. long, sometimes with a pair of basal scales. Fruit sub-
globose, minutely cellular-papillate, 3-4 mm. in diameter: sepals closely
inflexed.— Plate 120.

Brazilian region, on Ficus, Odena, etc. — The type from Piauhy.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Piauhy (Gardner, 2626, — taken as
type, 2618, 2621 ; 3763 — the type of P. Perrottetii var. parvifolia Eichler,
i. c. p. 113, 1868). Ceara (Gardner, 1680). [Goyaz?] (Gardner, 3762,

AEQUATORIALES— NITENTES 89

3765).~Bahia (Blancliet). Rio Negro (v. Martins). Lagoa Santa (Warm-
ing, 15, 369}. Porto Alegre (Czermak & Reineck, 199, — with 2-3 pairs
of cataphyls). Without locality (Lund, 21; Riedl). BOLIVIA. Sta. Cruz
(Kuntze, 1). Mattogrosso (Kuntze, 3, 36). E. Velasco (Kuntze, 4).

24. NITENTES.

Leaves moderate, elliptical to narrowly lanceolate, drying glossy and
bronzed or golden, basinerved. Shoots compressed for a time. Cataphyls
1-4 pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers in 4-f- 2 series. Fruit globose,
with inflexed sepals. South America.

Cataphyls not subtending spikes.
Leaves lance-elliptical.

Rather large. P. pellucidulum.

Rather small. P. holoxanthum.

Leaves narrowly lanceolate.

Spike-joints sometimes 20-flowered. P. nitidum.

Spike-joints scarcely 6-flowered. P. Selloi.

Upper cataphyls subtending flower-spikes. P. craspedophyllum.

PHORADENDRON PELLUCIDULUM Eichler.

Phoradendron pellucidulum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 112. 1868.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-5x20-40 mm.), dilated below
the nodes. Cataphyls a basal pair, sometimes rather closely followed by
a second or third pair, annular. Leaves obliquely elliptical to lance-
oblong, very obtuse, 2.5-3.5x7-9 cm., cuneately petioled for about 5 mm.
Spikes more or less clustered, short (20 mm.), with about 3 slightly fusi-
form slender joints some 8- to 18-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle very
short, usually with a basal pair of scales. Fruit reddish, ellipsoidal,
cellular-papillate : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 121.

Brazilian region. — The type from Rio Negro.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. San Carlos, Rio Negro (Spruce, 3480,
—the type).

PHORADENDRON HOLOXANTHUM Eichler.

Phoradendron holoxanthum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt 2
p. 116. 1868.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous or fasciculate, the moderate branches
with basal cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-3x
40-60 mm.), somewhat cellular-papillate, the upper rather sharply an-
cipital. Cataphyls a single pair towards the base or these followed by a

90 THE GENUS PHOBADENDEON

second pair, scarcely tubular. Leaves elliptical, obtuse or emarginate,
2-2.5x5-6 cm., narrowly revolute, cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm.
Spikes often clustered, moderate (15, lengthening in fruit to 40 mm.),
with 3 or 4 slender joints scarcely 10-flowered in 4-f-2 series : peduncle
scarcely 3 mm. long, sometimes with a second basal pair of scarcely ciliate
scales. Fruit red, globose, 4 mm. in diameter, cellular-papillate and
obscurely somewhat low-granular : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 122.

Brazilian region. — The type from Brazil.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Without locality (Sello, 5847), — the
type).

Phoradendron holoxanthum corallispicum n. var.

Leaves narrow and more lanceolate, rather acute, 1-1.5x5x7 cm. Spikes
diaphanous, red. — Plate 122.

Brazilian region. — The type from Rio de Janeiro.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro ( Glaziou, 8729, — the
type).

PHORADENDRON NITIDUM Eichler.

Phoradendron nitidum Eichler in v. Martins, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p 113. 1868.

Viscum nitidum Gardner, Hooker's London Journ. Bot. vol. 4. p. 105.
1845.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-50 mm.),
smooth and glossy, the upper somewhat compressed. Cataphyls a single
nearly basal bifid pair or 2-4 pairs at short intervals. Leaves linear-
lanceolate to spatulate-oblong, obtuse, 1-2x8-10 cm., slightly revolute,
gradually subpetioled. Spikes mostly solitary, rather short (20 mm.),
with about 4 slender joints some 10- to 20-flowered in 4+2 series : pedun-
cle 3 mm. long, sometimes with 1 or 2 large pairs of slightly ciliolate
scales. Fruit (immature) subglobose, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth: sepals
closely inflexed.— Plate 123.

Brazilian region. — The type from the Organ Mountains.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Organ Mts. at 4000 ft. (Gardner,
436, — the type of V. nitidum). Minas Geraes (Lindberg, 253a). From
its 18-flowered spike-joints, may also be referred here a specimen from
Rio de Janeiro (Glaziou, 4013) otherwise very suggestive of P. Selloi.

PHORADENDRON SELLOI Eichler.

Phoradendron Selloi Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 116.
1868.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, or cymosely forked, the moderate slen-
der branches with basal cataphyls only, androgynous 1 Internodes mod-

AEQUATORIALES— LONGIBACCAE 91

erate (1-2x20-50 mm.), cellular-papillate, the upper ancipital for a time.
Cataphyls a single basal pair or 2 or 3 pairs at intervals of 5-10 mm.,
scarcely tubular. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, obtuse, scarcely 1x7 cm.,
narrowly revolute, gradually narrowed to the base. Spikes sometimes
truly terminal, mostly solitary, moderate (15, lengthening to 20 or 30
mm.), with 3 or 4 slender joints about 6-flowered in 4-f-2 series: peduncle
scarcely 3 mm. long, sometimes with a second sterile joint: scales very
obtuse. Fruit 3 mm. in diameter, cellular-papillate: sepals closely in-
flexed.— Plate 123.

Brazilian region. — The type from S. Paulo.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. [S.Paulo] (Sello, 122, — the type).

PHORADENDRON CRASPEDOPHYLLUM Eichler.

Phoradendron craspedophyllum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5.
pt. 2. p. 124. pi. 37. 1868.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous and fasciculate, the moderate branches
with basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x
20-40 mm. ) , cellular-papillate, the upper somewhat ancipital. Cataphyls
a single nearly basal sterile pair, and another pair, fertile as in P. crassi-
folium etc., about the middle of the joint, scarcely tubular. Leaves ellip-
tical to ovate or broadly lanceolate, mucronate, acute to obtuse, 2.5-3x
4.5-6 cm., narrowly revolute, rather abruptly contracted for 5 mm. at
base. Spikes often clustered, rather short (10-15 mm.), with about 5
slender joints some 6-flowered in 4-|-2 series : peduncle 1 mm. long : scales
pointed, somewhat eiliate. Fruit globose, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth :
sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 124.

Brazilian region. — The type from S. Paulo.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. S. Paulo (Sello, 155, 1836, — the type ;
Burchell, 4559).

25. LONGIBACCAE.

Leaves moderate, broad or short, basinerved. Shoots compressed or
mostly for a time 2-edged. Cataphyls a single pair, on the basal joint
only. Flowers in 4 or 4+2 series. Fruit elongated, with erect parted
sepals. South America.

Leaves obovate-elliptical.

Abruptly subpetioled, rather thick. P. craspedophylloides.

Very cuneate, thin. P. obtusissimum.

Leaves cleaver-shaped to subelliptical. P. acinacifolium.

Leaves oblanceolate, small. P. reductum.

92 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Phoradendron craspedophylloides n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous or fasciculately branched, with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.),
slightly cellular-papillate, the upper somewhat compressed. Cataphyls
solitary, basal, scarcely tubular. Leaves elliptical, very obtuse or some-
what emarginate, 2-3.5x4.5-6 cm., slightly revolute, rather abruptly con-
tracted into a broad subpetiolar base for some 10 mm., rather thick, dry-
ing glossy and golden. Spikes clustered, short (10-15 mm.), with about
3 slender joints some 6-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle 1 mm. long,
usually followed by a longer sterile joint : scales very blunt, ciliate. Fruit
ellipsoidal-oblong, about 4x8 mm., smooth : sepals erect. — Plate 124.

Brazilian region. — The type from Bahia.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Vittoria, Bahia (Sello, — the type).
Piauhy (Gardner, 2622). " Brasilia tropica " (Sello, 234). Without data
(Herb. Link.).

PHORADENDRON OBTUSISSIMUM Eichler.

Plioradendron obtusissimum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 134 m. 1868.

Viscum obtusissimum, Miquel, Linnaea. vol. 18. p. 602. 1844.
Phoradendrum obtusissimum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 9.

1897.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cataphyls
only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-60 mm.), nearly
smooth, the upper somewhat rhombically compressed. Cataphyls a single
pair, basal, scarcely tubular. Leaves obovate, very obtuse or emarginate,
3-4x5 cm., cuneately narrowed for 10-15 mm. Spikes clustered, short (10
mm.), with 2 or 3 slender joints about 6-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series:
peduncle 2 mm. long : scales ciliate. Fruit white, fusiform, 3-4x8-10 mm.,
smooth : sepals erect. — Plate 125.

Cayenne region. — The type from Surinam.

Specimens examined : — SURINAM. Para Superiore (Focke, 1019, — the
type of V. obtusissimum). BRITISH GUIANA (Jenman, 2539, 4678).

PHORADENDRON ACINACIFOLIUM von Martius.

Phoradendron acinaci folium von Martius. — Eichler in von Martius, Fl.
Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 117. pi. 37. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long slender branches
with basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (l-2x
20-40 mm.), somewhat cellular-papillate, the upper somewhat compressed
and dilated upwards. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, scarcely
tubular, ciliolate. Leaves rather falcately oblanceolate to obovate-ellip-

AEQUATOEIALES— VERNICOSAE 93

tical, very obtuse, 1.5-3x4-6 cm., cuneately slender-subpetioled for 5-10
mm. Spikes often clustered, short (10-15 mm.), with about 3 slender
joints some 6-flowered in 4-f-2 series: peduncle 1 mm. long, sometimes
followed by a longer sterile joint : scales blunt, ciliate. Fruit ellipsoidal,
equally tapered at both ends, 3-4x6 or even 8-10 mm., smooth: sepals
erect or spreading. — Plates 126, 127.

Brazilian region ( ? exclusively) on Lauraceae and Compositae. — The
type from Rio de Janeiro.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Bahia (v. Martins). Rio de Janeiro
(Gaudichaud, 574, — taken as type; Sello, 511, 597; Mikan; Glaziou,
6073). Falls of Madeira (Rusby, 1542). PARAGUAY. Pilcomayo River
( Hassler, 191 ; Morong, 1546) . ' ' Central Paraguay ' ' ( Morong, 358) .

Phoradendron reductum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the slender branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous?. Internodes short and slender (1-2x20-25
mm.), somewhat cellular-papillate, the upper slightly compressed and
dilated. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, exceptionally followed by
a second, scarcely tubular. Leaves oblanceolate or subelliptical, very ob-
tuse, 1x3 cm., cuneately subpetioled for about 3 mm. Spikes short
(scarcely 20 mm. in fruit), with about 3 slender joints subverticillately
about 6-flowered toward the top : peduncle nearly suppressed, sometimes
followed by 1 or 2 sterile joints. Fruit ellipsoidal or ovoid, smooth, 3x5
mm. : sepals erect. — Plate 127.

Brazilian region. — The type from Paraguay.

Specimens examined: — PARAGUAY, "South Paraguay" (Kuntze, 15,
Sept. 1892,— the type).

26, VERNICOSAE.

Leaves moderate, lanceolate to obovate, rather thin and evidently
basinerved. Shoots compressed rather than ancipital. Cataphyls a single
pair, on the basal joint only. Flowers usually in 2 decussating series as
in Dendrophihora. Fruit mostly wrinkled and with closed sepals. Mex-
ico and Central America.

Spikes filiform : shoots much flattened.

Joints several-flowered. Mexico. P. Wawrae.

Joints 2-flowered. Guatemala. P. cheirocarpum.
Spikes thicker though not stout : shoots nearly terete.

Leaves prevailingly lanceolate. Honduras. P. decussatum.

Leaves prevailingly obovate. Yucatan. P. vernicosum.

94

Phoradendron Wawrae n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the elongated branches with basal
eataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes rather slender (1-3x30-60 mm.),
somewhat granular, for a time subancipitally flattened and dilated up-
wards. Cataphyls a single basal pair, very short-annular. Leaves lance-
olate or oblanceolate, typically very obtuse, 1.5-3x5-10 cm., cuneately at-
tenuate and subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, short
(10-15 mm.), with 3 or 4 filiform joints subverticillately 2- or 4- to 8-flow-
ered near the ends when pistillate : peduncle 2 mm. long, with a pair of
basal scales. Fruit (immature) goblet-shaped and with widely parted
sepals.— Plate 128.

Eastern Sierra Madre region of Mexico. — The type from Tuxpam.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Tuxpam (Wawra, 747, — the type).
Valley of Cordoba (Bourgeau, 1482).

Phoradendron cheirocarpum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
eataphyls only, dioecious! Internodes moderate (2-3x25-60 mm.),
smooth, the upper compressed and dilated to 5 mm. below the nodes.
Cataphyls a single basal pair, scarcely tubular. Leaves more or less fal-
cately oblanceolate, very obtuse, 1.5x5-9 cm., somewhat revolutely cune-
ate for about 5 mm. rather than petioled. Spikes clustered, short (15
mm.), with about 4 slender oblong 2-flowered joints: peduncle 1-2 mm.
long : scales blunt, somewhat ciliate. Fruit goblet-shaped, 3x6 mm., the
lower half stipitately contracted, smooth: sepals erect or spreading.—
Plate 129.

Guatemalan region. — The type from Cubilquitz.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Cubilquitz, Alta Verapaz (v.
Tuerckheim, 7661, July 1900,— the type).

Phoradendron decussatuni n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the moderately long branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious. Internodes moderate (2-4x30-70 mm.), minutely papil-
late, varnished when young, somewhat compressed and enlarged but not
angled below the nodes. Cataphyls usually a single pair toward the base,
rather acute and spreading. Leaves lanceolate to short-obovate or ellip-
tical, very obtuse, 1.5-2.5x4 or 5-8 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 5 mm.
Spikes mostly solitary, rather short (20 mm.), with about 5 round joints
decussately 2-flowered when pistillate : peduncle 2 mm. long, with a pair
of scales about the middle. Fruit (immature) ovoid, somewhat rugulose,
3x4 mm. : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 129.

AEQUATORIALES— CAMPBELLIAE 95

Yucatecan region. — The type from Honduras.

Specimens examined : — HONDURAS. Comyagua to Sabana Larga (Nie-
derlein, 95, Feb. 23, 1898,— the type).

PHORADENDRON VERNICOSUM Greenman.

Phoradendron vernicosum Greenman, Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Botany
vol. 2. p. 250. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the moderately long branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious. Internodes rather short and thick (2-4x20-40 mm.) , min-
utely papillate, varnished when young, elliptically dilated rather than
compressed below the nodes. Cataphyls a single pair toward the base,
short-annular. Leaves subelliptical or obovate varying into lanceolate,
very obtuse, 1-2x2.5-4 cm., cuneately subpetioled for scarcely 5 mm.
Spikes often clustered, short (10-15, lengthening to 20 mm.), with 3 or 4
short oblong joints decussately 2-flowered when pistillate: peduncle 1-2
mm. long, sometimes with a second pair of scales. Fruit ovoid, somewhat
rugulose-warty, 4x5 mm. : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 130.

Yucatecan region. — The type from Yucatan.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Izamal, Yucatan (Greenman, 440,
Feb. 22, 1906,— the type). Silan (Gaumer, 876, 1895).

27. CAMPBELLIAE.

Leaves moderate, lanceolate, rather herbaceous, basinerved, somewhat
veiny. Shoots much flattened or subrhombic. Cataphyls 1 or 2 pairs,
on the basal joint only. Pistillate flowers in 2 or 4 series. Fruit round
or ovoid, mostly wrinkled, with suberect parted sepals. West Indies.

Shoots 2-edged, dilated upwards.

Leaves obtuse : cataphyls 2 pairs. P. Fid.

Leaves usually blunt-acuminate : cataphyls 1 pair. P. Campbellii.
Shoots rhombic in section, little dilated. P. Grisebachianum.

PHORADENDRON FICI (Urban).
Phoradendrum Fid Urban, Symbolae Antillanae. vol. 5. p. 333. 1907.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes short (2-3x20 mm.), transversely
wrinkled in drying, ancipitally compressed and somewhat dilated up-
wards. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair, usually followed at a short dis-
tance by a second or a third pair, truncately annular. Leaves falcately
rather broadly lanceolate, obtuse, 1.5-2.5 or even 3x5-9 cm., cuneately
subpetioled for about 10 mm. Spikes solitary, moderate (scarcely 30 mm.
long), with about 3 slender joints 2- to 6-flowered: peduncle some 5 mm.

96 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

long, with a pair of scales near the base. Fruit greenish yellow, ellip-
soidal, 3x5 mm., wrinkled : sepals somewhat parted. — Plate 131.

Antillean region ( ? exclusively) on Ficus. — The type from Jamaica.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA (Harris, 9220, Apr. 19,
1906,— the type; Britton & Hottick, 1861}.

PHORADENDRON CAMPBELLII (Krug & Urban).

Phoradendrum Campbellii Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 44.
1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the elongated spreading branches
with basal cataphyls only, dioecious. Internodes rather short ( 1-3x15-40
mm.), smooth, slightly varnished when young, rhombically ancipital and
slightly dilated upwards. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, rather
spreading. Leaves broadly lanceolate and blunt-acuminate to oblance-
olate and very obtuse, 1.5-3x4-8 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes more
or less clustered, short (10-15 mm.), with 3 or 4 short slender joints
decussately 2-flowered or occasionally subverticillately 4-flowered, when
pistillate: peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long, sometimes with a second pair
of scales. Fruit (immature) ellipsoid, nearly smooth: sepals somewhat
parted.— Plate 132.

Antillean region ( ? exclusively) on Pisonia and Nectandra. — The
type from Jamaica.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA. Wareka Road (Camp-
bell, 6398 in part, Aug. 10, 1896 — the type, 6604) . Parish of Manchester
(Britton, 3703, 3734, 3765, 3773).

PHORADENDRON GRISEBACHIANUM Eichler.

Phoradendron Grisebachianum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5.

pt. 2. p. 127 without name, 134 m. 1868.
Plwradendrum Grisebachianum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 45. 1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-40 mm.),
smooth, rhombically ancipital or quadrangular, slightly enlarged up-
wards. Cataphyls a single pair 2-4 mm. above the base, sometimes fol-
lowed by a second pair some 10 mm. higher, annular. Leaves broadly
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate to subelliptical, very obtuse or bluntly sub-
acuminate, 2.5-4x5-8 or even 8x15 cm., attenuately or rather abruptly
wing-petioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes solitary, moderate (30, lengthening to
40 mm.), with about 4 slender joints subverticillately 4- to 8-flowered
about the top when pistillate and some 18- to 24-flowered in 6 series when
staminate : peduncle 2-5 mm. long, sometimes with a second pair of scales.
Fruit orange-scarlet, tipped with yellow, globose, not warty but fleshy

97

and drying very rugose, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals not meeting.— Plate
133.

Antillean region ( ? exclusively) on Coccoloba, Ficus and Nectandra.
• — The type from Jamaica.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA (Alexander; Britton, 965,
977, 1467, 3144, 3215, Britton & Hollick, 2772; Crawford, 783; Brown,
51; Hansen, 1897; Harris, 6341, — taken as the type, there being no rep-
resentative in Grisebach's herbarium; 6376, 6397, 10202, 10861).

28. CHRYSOCARPAE.

Leaves moderate, lanceolate or elliptical to round-obovate, rather
opaque and dull but often raised-nerved from the base. Shoots mostly
2-edged for a time, sometimes at first rhombically 4-lined. Cataphyls 1
or exceptionally 2 pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers variously in
2, 4, or 4-J-2 series. Fruit ovoid, mostly golden-dotted, essentially smooth,
with closely inflexed sepals. West Indies.

Leaves lanceolate : flowers numerous.

Broad (up to 4 cm.). P. chrysocarpum.

Moderate ( scarcely 3 cm. ) .

Stem sharply ancipital. P. anceps.

Stem quickly terete. P. Hartii.

Leaves linear-lanceolate : flowers few, sometimes only 2. P. haitense.

Leaves elliptical.

Strongly nerved : pistillate flowers 2. P. Wattii.

Obscurely nerved.
Stem ancipital.

Leaves petioled. P. Helleri.

Leaves subsessile. P. Dussii.

Stem quickly terete. P. crenulatum.

Leaves round-obovate. P. Gundlachii.

PHORADENDRON CHRYSOCARPUM (Krug & Urban).

PJioradendrum chrysocarpum Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 39.

1897.
P. martinicense Grisebach, Fl. Br. W. I. p. 314. 1860, — in part.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-60 mm.), smooth, sharply
ancipital or at first rhombically compressed. Cataphyls a single pair,
nearly basal, scarcely tubular, white-margined. Leaves multiform, from
rather narrowly lanceolate to round-ovate, characteristically ovate-lance-
olate, mucronately very obtuse, 2.5-4x6-8 cm., cuneately narrowed for
5-10 mm. rather than petioled. Spikes mostly clustered, moderate ( 15-35

98 THE GENUS PHOEADENDRON

or even 45 mm.), with about 3 slender joints mostly 10- to 20-flowered in
4+2 series: peduncle 2-4 mm. long, usually followed by a sterile joint:
scales white-margined. Fruit variously said to be white or yellow, ovoid,
3x4-5 mm., smooth, golden-glistening when dry, like other young parts
of the plant : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 134.

Antillean and Caribbean regions. — The type from Puerto Rico.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. PUERTO Rico (Bertero, 439 in
part,— the type; Eggers, 880, 1147; Sintenis, 3391, 887, 4894, 5297, 6060;
Garber, 11; Gundlach, 1472; Krug, 537; Stdhl, 1043b; Britton, Britton &
Marble, 1946; Britton & Cowell, 1301, 1352; Britton & Shafer, 1831; Un-
derwood & Griggs, 671; Stevens, 5825, 5825a, 5899, 5931}. ST. THOMAS
(Shafer & Fitch, 1472}. CARIBBEES. ST. CROIX (Ricksecker, 302}. GUADE-
LOUPE (Duss, 2966, 2969 in part, 3902 in part, 4418 in part). DOMINICA
(Imray, 212; Eggers, 926}. MARTINIQUE (Duss, 101 in part, 1374b in
part, 4418 in part; Hahn, 550, 733, 1132}. ST. VINCENT (Smith, 245 in
part, 1305; Herb. Hooker.; Herb. Haynald.}.

PHORADENDRON ANCEPS (Krug & Urban).

Phoradendrum anceps Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 40. 1897.
Viscum anceps Sprengel, Syst. vol. 1. p. 487. 1825. — de Candolle, Prodro-
mus. vol. 4. p. 282.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-50 mm.), smooth, compressed
or 2-keeled. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, slightly tubular, white-
margined. Leaves somewhat falcately lanceolate, very obtuse, 2-4x9-15
cm., cuneately petioled for 10-15 mm. Spikes more or less clustered,
rather short (15-20, lengthening to 30 mm.), with about 3 slender joints
rather turbinately some 18-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle scarcely
2 mm. long: scales slightly scarious-margined. Fruit said to be yellow,
subglobose, 4 mm. in diameter, smooth: sepals somewhat parted. — Plate
135.

Antillean region. — The type from Santo Domingo.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. SANTO DOMINGO (Bertero, 439 in
part, — the type collection of V. anceps, at the National Museum of Prag,
from Sprengel ; also, as from Puerto Rico, under the same number, asso-
ciated with P. chrysocarpum; Wright, Parry & Brummel, 458; Poiteau,
from Ventenat's herbarium; Eggers, 1682}.

PHORADENDRON HARTII (Krug & Urban).
Phoradendrum Hatrtii Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. v. 24. p. 40. 1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the elongated branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes rather long (2-3x40-80 mm.),

AEQUATOEIALE8— CHEYSOCARPAE 99

smooth, the upper somewhat ancipitally compressed. Cataphyls mostly
a single pair, nearly basal, tubular-bifid, white-margined. Leaves more
or less falcately lanceolate, obtuse, 1.5-2.5x8-12 cm., cuneately narrowed
below rather than petioled. Spikes mostly clustered, rather short (20
mm.), with about 4 oblong joints some 10-flowered in 4-J-2 series: pedun-
cle almost suppressed: scales somewhat ciliate. Fruit ovoid, 3x4 mm.,
smooth : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 136.

Caribbean region. — The type from Trinidad.

Specimens examined: — CARIBBEES. TRINIDAD (Hart, 6101, Aug. 1896,
—the type; Lunt, 6117}.

PHORADENDRON HAITENSE (Urban).

Phoradendrum haitense Urban, Symbolae Antillanae. vol. 5. p. 334. 1907.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the elongated branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes short (2-3x30 mm.), smooth,
ancipital and somewhat dilated upwards. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair,
often with a second pair scarcely 5 mm. higher, scarcely tubular, white-
margined. Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, abruptly very obtuse,
1x7-10 cm., long-attenuate into the subpetiolar base. Spikes mostly soli-
tary, moderate (25-30 mm.), with about 3 slender joints 2- to 6- or 10-
flowered in 2, 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle about 3 mm. long, usually with a
pair of basal scales. Fruit subglobose, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth : sepals
parted.— Plate 135.

Antillean region ( ? exclusively) on Swietenia. — The type from Haiti.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. HAITI (Picarda, 1666, July 1897,
—the type, 1640).

PHORADENDRON WATTII (Krug & Urban).
Phoradendrum Wattii Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. v. 24. p. 43. 1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cata-
phyls only, dioecious. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.), minutely
papillate and for a time varnished like the young foliage, somewhat com-
pressed rather than ancipital. Cataphyls a single pair 2-3 mm. above
the base, or 2 pairs the first nearly basal and the second, exceptionally
fertile, some 5 mm. higher, acute. Leaves more or less falcately elliptical
to broadly oblanceolate, very obtuse, 1.5-2.5x4-7 cm., cuneately sub-
petioled for about 5 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, about 4-jointed :
short (10 mm.), with short 2-flowered joints when pistillate, and longer
(30 mm.), with long 10- to 20-flowered joints when staminate: peduncle
nearly suppressed : scales and deep reeeptacular cups ciliate. Fruit pale

100 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

yellow, ellipsoidal, 3x5 mm., somewhat wrinkled in drying: sepals trun-
cately inflexed.— Plates 137, 138.

Antillean region, on Coccoloba, Colubrina, Hypelate, Laguncularia,
Piscidia, etc. — The type from Jamaica.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA (Hitchcock, Dec. 14. 1890,
—to be taken as type; Watt, 6221; Campbell, 6385, 6386, 6401; Harris,
6395, 6402, 6599, 6680, 6711, 9696; Harris & Britton, 10519; Britton,
355; Marble, 231}.

A staminate specimen (Harris, 10188} with the spikes some 40 mm.
long, with joints as much as 10 mm. long and 26-flowered, growing on
other mistletoes, may be differentiated as var. product a. — Plate 138.

Phoradendron Helleri n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-50 mm.),
cellular-papillate or smooth, the upper compressed. Cataphyls a single
pair, nearly basal, slightly tubular, white-margined. Leaves subelliptical.
very obtuse, 1.5-2x3-5 cm., cuneately petioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes more
or less clustered, rather short (15-25 mm.), with abqjut 3 slender joints
some 10- to 18-flowered in 4-J-2 series : peduncle 2-4 mm. long, sometimes
with 1 or 2 lower pairs of white-margined scales. Fruit drying rusty
red, ovoid, 4 mm. in diameter, somewhat cellular-papillate, when young
golden-glistening like other young parts, as is general in the group :
sepals nearly or quite closed. — Plate 139.

Antillean region. — The type from Puerto Rico.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. PUERTO Rico. East of Ponce
(Heller, 6188, Dec. 3, 1902,— the type). Colonia S. Miguel ( ? Britton &
Shafer, 1640}. Yauco (Stevens, 5825c}.

A Santo Domingan plant (Fuertes, 1531b} with the stem and foliage
drying red, otherwise intermediate between this and the following spe-
cies but with red fruit, may be known as var. sanguinea. — Plate 140.

Phoradendron Dussii n. comb.

Phoradendrum chrysocarpum Dussii Urban, Symbolae Antillanae. vol. 5.
p. 333. 1907.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-40 mm.),
smooth, the upper ancipitally compressed. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair,
usually followed by a .second 3-8 mm. higher, tubular-bifid, white-mar-
gined. Leaves elliptical tending towards oblanceolate or obovate, very
obtuse, sometimes mucronulate, 1-2 or 2.5x2-4 cm., cuneately subpetioled
for some 3 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, short (15, lengthening to

AEQUATORIALE8— CHRYSOCARPAE 101

20 or 25 mm.), with about 3 slender 2- to 6- or 8-flowered joints : peduncle
scarcely 2 mm. long, sometimes followed by a longer sterile joint : scales
white-margined. Fruit ovoid-ellipsoidal, 3x4-5 mm., smooth: sepals
closely inflexed. — Plate 141.

Caribbean region. — The type from Guadeloupe.

Specimens examined: — CARIBBEES. GUADELOUPE (Duss, 3904 in part,
— the type of P. chrysocarpum Dussi; also in part, 2968, 2969, 4099,
4417).

PHORADENDRON CRENULATUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum crenulatum Urban, Symbolae Antillanae. vol. 5. p. 332.
1907.

Pseudodichotomous or trichotomous, the rather long branches with
basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-4x20-30
mm.), smooth, terete or somewhat compressed above. Cataphyls 1 or 2
nearly basal pairs, somewhat tubular, white-margined. Leaves falcately
subelliptical, very obtuse, 2-2.5x4-6 cm., cuneately narrowed for about
5 mm. rather than petioled, finely crisped or brokenly crenulate. Spikes
mostly solitary, rather short (20 mm.), with about 5 short joints some
10- to 14-flowered in 4-f-2 series : peduncle scarcely 3 mm. long, with one
or more basal pairs of white-margined subciliate scales. Fruit?. — Plate
140.

Antillean region ( ? exclusively) on Cordia. — The type from Jamaica.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA (Harris, 6659, Aug. 12,
1896,— the type).

PHORADENDRON GUNDLACHII (Krug & Urban).

Phoradendrum Gundlachii Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 44.
1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the elongated branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-30 mm.),
smooth, for a time ancipital or somewhat rhombic. Cataphyls a nearly
basal pair, sometimes followed by a second at some 5 mm., rather obtuse,
separate. Leaves elliptical-obovate, very obtuse, 2-3x4-5 cm., somewhat
abruptly wing-petioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, short
(15-20 mm.), with about 3 somewhat tumid joints some 6- to 10- or even
18-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle about 3 mm. long: scales ciliate.
Fruit white, ellipsoidal, about 4 mm. long, nearly smooth : sepals closely
inflexed.— Plate 142.

Antillean region. — The type from Cuba.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. CUBA: Mt. Guajaibon (Wright,
2650, — the type, as of P. flavescens f., of Grisebach). Camaguey (Brit-
ton, Britton & Cowell, 13106) . Sta. Clara (Shafer, 12178) .

102 THE GENUS PHOEADENDKON

29. DOMINGENSES.

Leaves moderate and lanceolate, or spatulate and rather small, rather
thin, basinerved. Shoots rhombically ancipital. Cataphyls a single pair,
on the basal joint only. Pistillate flowers mostly decussately paired, as
in Dendrophthora. Fruiting sepals not meeting. West Indies.

Leaves spatulate, blunt. P. domingense.

Phoradendron doming-ense n. comb.

Loranthus domingensis Desvaux in Ham., Prodr. p. 33. 1825.
PhtJiirusa domingensis Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 134 i. 1868.
Dendropemon domingensis Van Tieghem, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. 42.

p. 170. 1895.
Phoradendrum trinervium domingense Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol.

24. p. 38. 1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate crowded branches with
basal cataphyls only, dioecious. Internodes short ( 1-3x10-25 or occasion-
ally 50 mm.), nearly smooth, rhombically ancipital or 4-angled, scarcely
dilated upwards. Cataphyls a single basal pair, somewhat annular.
Leaves spatulately obovate, very obtuse, 1-1.5x2.5-4.5 cm., cuneately long-
attenuate rather than petioled. Spikes mostly clustered, rather short
(10-15, lengthening to 30 mm.), with about 3 short slender joints decuss-
ately 2-flowered when pistillate : peduncle 3-4 mm. long, with a pair of
scales at base. Fruit golden orange, ellipsoidal, 3x5 mm. : sepals erect,
parted.— Platel43 .

Antillean region, on Croton, Exostema, Forestiera, Pisonia, Randia,
etc. — The type from Hispaniola.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA (Britton, 807, 1895, 1927,
3068, 3795, 3905; Britton & Hollick, 1890; Campbell, 6383, 6387, 6398
in part, 6581, 6604, 6605, 6676,6714, 6781, 7264, 8138, 9568, 10175; Har-
ris, 6552, 10175} .

30. RUBRAE.

Leaves small and often spatulate, rather thin, basinerved. Shoots
rhombically ancipital or 4-angled. Cataphyls 1 or 2 pairs, on the basal
joint only. Flowers several, mostly in 4+2 series. Fruit usually red
or orange and very minutely cellular-papillate : sepals not meeting. West
Indies and Mexico to northern South America.

Leaves obovate-spatulate.
West Indian.

Young fruit elongated. P. trinervium.

Young fruit rounded. P. rubrum.

AEQUATORIALES— RUBRAE 103

Mexican and Central American.
Leaves subsessile.

Northern : cataphyls rather large. P. Guazumae.

Southern : cataphyls small. P. Rensoni.

Leaves slenderly subpetioled. P. commutatum.

South American.

Leaves obovate : fruit subglobose. P. sanctae-martae.

Leaves often oblanceolate : fruit ellipsoid. P. Zuloagae.

Leaves elliptical- or oblong-lanceolate.

Sepals widely spreading. South American. P. apertum.

Sepals moderately parted.

Mexican and Central American. P. commutatum.

South American (fruit white?). P. Appuni.

PHORADENDRON TRINERVIUM Grisebach.

Phoradendron trinervium Grisebach, Fl. Br. W. I. p. 314. 1860.
Viscum trinervium Lamarck, Encl. vol. 3. p. 57. 1789. — de Candolle,

Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 280. 1830.

V. myrtilloides Willdenow, Sp. PI. vol. 4. pt. 2. p. 739. 1806.
V. tetragonum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 282. 1830.
V. oblongifolium de Candolle, 1. c. p. 283. 1830.
V. trigonum Dietrich, Syn. vol. 1. p. 546. 1839, — in part.
V. jamaicense Macfadyen, Jam. vol. 2. p. 195. 1850.
Phoradendron rubrum var. brevispica Bichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil.

vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 121. 1868.

P. rubrum var. latifolia Eichler, 1. c. p. 121. 1868.
P. oblongifolium Eichler, I. c. p. 134 m. 1868.
Phoradendrum trinervium Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 37. 1897.

Somewhat pscudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x30-50 mm.),
somewhat rhombically quadrangular. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair,
frequently followed at a short distance by a second pair, short and rather
spreading. Leaves elliptical-obovate, very obtuse, 1 or 1.5-2.5x3-5 cm.,
cuneately subpetioled for about 3 mm. Spikes more or less clustered,
rather short (some 20 mm.), with about 3 slender joints usually some 6-
or 8-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series: peduncle 1-3 or 4 mm. long. Fruit
red-orange, oblong becoming subglobose, smooth, 3-4 mm. in diameter:
sepals erect, parted. — Plates 144, 145, 146.

Through the West Indies. — The type from Martinique.

Specimens examined : — BAHAMAS. ACKLIN ISL. (Brace, 4461). GREAT
BAGGED ISL. (Wilson, 7814, 7851). WATLING ISL. (Wilson, 7250, 7254,
7315). ANTILLES. JAMAICA (McNab, 68, 1846; Harvey, 1829 ;March,
1316; Harris & Britton, 10529). PUERTO Rico (Bertero; Heller, 6161;
Britton & Cowell, 1293; Britton & S~kafer, 1844; Britton & Marble, 2248;

104 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Stevens & Hess, 4548, 4561; Shafer, 2003; Sintenis, 887c, 3034.
3246, 3248; Underwood & Griggs, 554; Read). ST. THOMAS (Herb.
Vent.). CARIBBEES. ST. BARTHELEMY (V. Goes). S. EUSTATIUS (Sur-
ingar). SABA (Suringar; Boldingh, 1660). ANTIGUA (Wullschlaegel,
256,257). MONTSERRAT (Shafer, 314, 320,600, 607). GUADELOUPE (Ber-
tero, 1820, — as Loranthus sessilis; Perrottet, 1824, — the type of V. ob-
longifolium ; Duss, 2968). DOMINICA (Imray; Lloyd, 463). MARTIN-
IQUE (Isert, 1787, — the type of V. trinervium and, as no. 18296 in the
Willdenow herbarium, of V. myrtilloides; Herb. Vent.; Duss, 102, 960,
1373, 1306). MUSTIQUE (Smith, 34). TRINIDAD (Crueger, 305; Hart,
1896).

Phoradendron Appuni n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x15-30 mm.), smooth, some-
what rhombically quadrangular. Cataphyls a single pair toward the
base, short, white-margined. Leaves narrowly •fanceolate, more or less
mucronately obtuse to acute, scarcely 1x2.5-5.5 cm., cuneately subses-
sile. Spikes mostly solitary, short (15 mm.), with about 3 slender joints
some 6- to 8-flowered in 4-J-2 series : peduncle 2 mm. long. Fruit white?,
becoming subglobose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter : sepals erect, parted. —
Plate 147.

Cayenne region. — The type from Demerara.

Specimens examined: — BRITISH GUIANA (Appun, 1783, — the type, in
the Hookerian herbarium at Kew).

Phoradendron apertum n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x25-30 mm.),
smooth, acutely quadrangular. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair,
spreading. Leaves oblanceolate-elliptical, very obtuse, 1.5-2x3.5-6.5 cm.,
euneately subsessile. Spikes more or less clustered, short (scarcely 15
mm.), with about 3 short little-swollen joints some 6- or 8-flowered in
4-J-2 series: peduncle 1-3 mm. long. Fruit reddish, subglobose, smooth,
4-5 mm. in diameter : sepals widely parted. — Plate 147.

Cayenne region. — The type from Demerara.

Specimens examined: — BRITISH GUIANA (Jenman, 3801, Apr. 1887, —
the type).

Phoradendron Guazumae n. sp.

Pseudodichotomous or fasciculately branched, the long branches with
basal cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-4x30-60
mm. ) , smooth, rhombically compressed becoming terete but with 4 rather
persistent lines. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, blunt and spread-

AEQUATORIALES— RUBRAE 105

ing, white-margined. Leaves elliptical-oblanceolate to obovate, very ob-
tuse, often mucronate, 1.5-2x4-5.5 cm., cuneately subpetioled for about
3 mm. Spikes often clustered, short (10, scarcely lengthening to 20
mm.), with 3 or 4 soon cylindrical joints some 6- to 8-flowered in 4+2
series: peduncle scarcely 3 mm. long, sometimes followed by a sterile
joint. Fruit subglobose, smooth, 3-4 mm. in diameter : sepals somewhat
parted.— Plate 148.

Sonoran region of Mexico ( ? exclusively) on Guazuma. — The type
from Sinaloa.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. SINALOA, Mazatlan (Rose, Standley
it Russell, 13846, Apr. 1, 1910,— the type). Culiacan (Brandegee, 1904).

Phoradendron sanctae-martae n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x25-40 mm.),
smooth, rhombically quadrangular. Cataphyls a single basal pair, an-
nular, white-margined. Leaves obovate, very obtuse or emarginate, 1x3
or 2.5-3x4-5 cm., cuneately sessile. Spikes somewhat clustered, moderate
(25-35 mm.) , with about 3 slender oblong joints some 10-flowered in 4+2
series: peduncle almost suppressed, often followed by a partly sterile
joint. Fruit subglobose, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals somewhat
parted.— Plate 149.

Venezuelan-Isthmian region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Santa Marta, at 250 ft. altitude
(Smith, 1284,— the type).

Phoradendron Rensoni n. sp.

Pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls
only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-3x25-40 mm.), smooth,
rhombically subancipital. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, not
tubular. Leaves obovate-oblanceolate, very obtuse or emarginate, 1.5x
3-3.5 cm., cuneately sessile. Spikes clustered, short (10-15 mm.), with
about 3 plump joints subverticillately 4- to 6-flowered : peduncle scarcely
3 mm. long. Fruit subglobose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter : sepals some-
what parted. — Plate 149.

Isthmian region. — The type from San Salvador.

Specimens examined: — EL SALVADOR. San Salvador (Carlos Renson,
256, — the type). COSTA EICA (Oersted, 1, 3103, — P. trinervium, Oliver).

Phoradendron Zuloagae n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3 or 5x30-50 or

106 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

70 mm.), resinous-dotted, acutely quadrangular, somewhat rhombically
compressed above. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair, annular. Leaves ob-
lanceolate to obovate-spatulate, mucronately obtuse, 1-1.5x3-5 cm., cu-
neately subsessile. Spikes more or less clustered, moderate (15-25 mm.),
with about 3 somewhat clavate or fusiform rather short joints some 10-
flowered in 4-4-2 series : peduncle 1-2 mm. long. Fruit yellow, ellipsoid,
nearly smooth, about 3x4 mm. ; sepals erect, parted. — Plates 9, 150.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Caracas (Zuloaga, 1915, — the
type).

In the region of P. venezuelense, which it resembles closely but from
which it differs in its more spatulate leaves and especially in its ellipsoid
fruit with parted sepals.

Phoradendron commutatum n. sp.

Phoradendron quadr angular e and P. rubrum of most writers, as to con-
tinental North America.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-40 mm.),
resinous-dotted, acutely quadrangular. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair,
sometimes with a second pair at a distance of about 5 mm. Leaves ob-
laiiceolate-oblong or obovate, mucronately obtuse to acute, .5-1x3.5-4 cm.,
or as much as 2x5 cm., cuneately sessile. Spikes mostly solitary, mod-
erate (15, becoming 30 mm.), with 3 or 4 slender somewhat fusiform
elongated joints some 6-flowered in 4-J-2 series: peduncle about 4 mm.
long, often followed by an elongated sterile joint. Fruit red, globose,
microscopically cellular-papillate, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals inflexed but
not meeting. — Plates 150, 151.

Mountains of Mexico and Central America. — The type from western
Mexico.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Guadelajara to Tepic (Gregg, 90S,
1849, — the type). Acaponeta, Tepic (Rose, Standley & Russell, 14450}.
Concepcion, Sinaloa (Rose, 1525). San Luis Potosi (Purpus, 5322}.
Mirador (Liebmann, 2, 3098-9, — P. rubrum Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel.
Kjobenhavn. 1864, like the following). Consoquitla (Liebmann, 2, 3100).
Orizaba (Mueller, 556, 1001; Salle, 67) . Vera Cruz ( ? Greemman, 120) .
Lagunas (Nelson, 2650). Without locality (Sumichrast, 341). HON-
DURAS. Puerto Cortez ( t Kellerman, 4720). NICARAGUA. Without local-
ity (Wright, 1853-6, — on the Ringgold and Rodgers Expedition).

AEQUATORIALES— RUBRAE 107

PHORADENDRON RUBRUM Grisebach.

Phoradendron rubrum Grisebach, Fl. Br. W. I. p. 314. 1860, — as to

name only.
Viscum rubrum Linnaeus, Sp. Plant, p. 1025. 1753. — de Candolle, Pro-

dromus. vol. 4. p. 281.

P. tetrastachyum spathulifolium Grisebach, Cat. PI. Cub. p. 120. 1866.
P. tetrastichus Hitchcock, Kept. Mo. Bot. Gard. vol. 4. p. 125. 1893,—

for tetrastachyum.
Phoradendrum spathulifolium Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 41.

1897.

At most somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with
basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes short (2-3x20 mm.),
smooth, rhombically ancipital and somewhat dilated upwards. Cataphyls
a nearly basal pair, frequently followed by 1 or 2 others at short inter-
vals, blunt and spreading. Leaves somewhat rhombically lance-spatulate
to obovate, obtuse, 1-1.5x4 cm., cuneately tapered and subpetioled for
5 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, short (scarcely 20 mm.), with 2
or 3 oblong joints about 12-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle 2-3 mm.
long. Fruit red or exceptionally yellow, subglobose, smooth, 4 mm. in
diameter : sepals more or less erect and parted. — Plates 152, 153.

Antillean and Bahamian regions. — The type from the Bahamas.

Specimens examined: — BAHAMAS. Without locality (Catesby, in the
herbarium of the South Kensington Museum, — the prototype of V. ru-
brum). ABACO (Coker,558). FORTUNE ISL. (Eggers, 3847). CROOKED
ISL. (Hitchcock, 1890; Brace, 4643). LONG ISL. (Britton & Millspaugh,
6325). CAT ISL. (Britton & Millspaugh, 5867). MARIGUANA (Wilson,
7449, 7457, 7532, 7579). NEW PROVIDENCE (Brace, 3428; Britton & Brace,
832; Coker, 303). ACKLIN ISL. (Brace, 4461) . WATLING 's ISL. (Wilson,
7254). INAGUA (Nash & Taylor, 947, 1021, 1314 and 1342— with yellow
fruit). ANTILLES. CUBA (Wright, 512, 1200b, 13001, — the type of P.
tetrastachyum spathulifolium and of P. spathulifolium; Combs, 347, 348;
Shafer,296,371).

Linnaeus apparently based Viscum rubrum on the description and
illustration of the plant figured on pi. 81 of Catesby 's celebrated work
on the Bahamas, the time character of which is evident from the accom-
panying photographic illustration of one of the several specimens of
Catesby 's collection preserved at South Kensington. Grisebach, who in-
tended to transfer into Phoradendron the species which Linnaeus had
called Viscum rubrum, and who therefore stands as the author of the
name as here used, really applied it to the plant here called P. antillarum,
and he subsequently rechristened the true rubrum P. tetrastachyum spa-
thulifolium.

108

THE GENUS PHOEADENDRON

31. QUADRANGULAKES.

Leaves rather small, prevailingly elongated, thin, basinerved. Shoots
for a time sharply 4-sided or 4-lined. Cataphyls usually a single pair,
on the basal joint only. Flowers several, usually in 4 or 4+2 series.
Fruit mostly red or orange and minutely cellular-papillate : sepals closely
inflexed and meeting. Central and South America and the West Indies.

Fruit white : leaves elliptical-oblong to obovate. Andean.

Leaves cuneately subsessile.
Leaves abruptly petioled.
Fruit red or orange.
Brazilian.

Leaves subsessile.

Young fruit elongated.
Young fruit rounded.

Leaves oblanceolate-sp"atulate.
Leaves obovate-spatulate.
Leaves slenderly subpetioled.
Elliptical-obovate.
Linear-oblanceolate.
Venezuelan.
Central American.

Leaves lance-oblong.
Leaves elliptical-obovate.
Mexican.

Leaves elliptical-obovate.

Spikes stalked. Continental.
Spikes subsessile. Yucatecan.
Leaves oblanceolate-oblong. Insular.
West Indian.

Leaves lanceolate or oblanceolate-obovate.
Leaves linear-oblanceolate.

P. quadrangulare.
P. viscifolium.

P. Wiesnerianum.

P. affine.
P. Martianum.

P. piauhyanum.

P. microphyllum.

P. venezuelense .

P. ceibanum.
P. zacapanum.

P. tamaulipense.

P. Gaumeri.

P. Townsendi.

P. antillarum.
P. gracile.

PHORADENDRON QUADRANGULARE (Krug & Urban).

Phoradendrum quadrangulare Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 35.

1898.
Loranthus quadrangularis Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp.

vol. 3. p. 444. 1818.

Viscum quadrangulare de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 283. 1830.
Viscum salicifolium Presl, Epimel. Bot. p. 254. 1849.
Phoradendron salicifolium Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 110. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.),
resinous-dotted or somewhat cellular-papillate, rhombically quadrangn-

AEQUATORIALES— QUADRANGULAEES 109

lar or 4-winged. Cataphyls a single pair toward the base, spreading.
Leaves narrowly obovate to elliptical-oblong, more or less mucronately
very obtuse, 1-1.5x3.5-5 or 6 cm., cuneately subpetioled for scarcely 3 mm.
Spikes more or less clustered, moderate (30-40 mm.), with 3-5 slender
elongated joints rather turbinately some 12- to even 26-flowered in 4 or
4+2 series : peduncle 2-3 or rarely 5 mm. long, sometimes followed by a
sterile joint. Fruit white, subglobose, cellular-papillate, 3 mm. in diam-
eter: sepals closely inflexed. — Plates 154, 155.

Andean region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA, (Bonpland, 1795 on Guazuma,—
the type of L. quadrang ularis ). Without locality (Holton, 656). ECUA-
DOR. Quito (Haenke, — the type of V. salicifoUum). Guayaz (Sodiro, Aug.
23,1872). Bodega (Sodiro, Sept. 3, 1872). Hacienda El Recreo, Man-
abi (Eggers, 14829).

As in the case of P. rubrum, the authors of the binomial here used
had in mind a different species from the one to which it is now applied,
but their intention to transfer Loranthus quadrangularis HBK. into
PJioradendron is unmistakable. The Colombian type differs from the
PJcuadoran salicifoUum in having more rhombic internodes.

PHORADENDRON VISCIFOLIUM n. comb.

LorantJius viscifolius Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. vol.

3. p. 443. 1818.
Viscum Kunthianum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 283. 1830.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x30-50 mm.),
nearly smooth, acutely quadrangular. Cataphyls a single nearly basal
pair. Leaves obliquely obovate, obtuse, 1.5-2x3.5-5 cm., rather abruptly
subpetioled for over 5 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, moderate
(30 mm.), with about 3 slender elongated joints some 8-flowered in 4 or
4+2 series : peduncle about 2 mm. long. Fruit subglobose, smooth, 3 mm.
in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 155.

Andean region. — The type from Ecuador.

Specimens examined: — ECUADOR. Guayaquil (Bonpland, 3798, — the
type).

Phoradendron Wiesnerianum n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.),
smooth, rhombically quadrangular or 4-winged. Cataphyls a single pair
toward the base, blunt and spreading. Leaves subspatulately elliptical,
mucronately very obtuse, 1-1.5x4-5 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes

110 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

mostly clustered, short (10, becoming 20 mm.), with 2 or 3 slender elon-
gated joints some 12-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle 1-3 mm. long,
often followed by a partly sterile joint. Fruit ovoid, cellular-papillate,
3x4 mm. : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 156.

Brazilian region. — The type from Ceara.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Ceara (Gardner, 1673, 1674 — the
type).

Phoradendron piauhyanum n. nom.

Phoradendron rubrum var. longispica Eichler in v. Martins, Fl. Brasil.
vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 121. 1868.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.),
smooth, more or less rhombically quadrangular. Cataphyls a nearly basal
pair, sometimes followed by a second pair some 5 mm. higher. Leaves
elliptical-spatulate, very obtuse or subemarginate, 1.5-2x4-6 or 8 cm.,
cuneately subpetioled for scarcely 5 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, long
for the group (25, becoming 40-50 or 60 mm.), with 3-6 slender elongated
joints turbinately some 20-flowered in 4-(-2 series : peduncle almost sup-
pressed, sometimes followed by an elongated sterile joint. Fruit round-
ovoid, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter ; sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 157.

Brazilian region. — The type from Piauhy.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Piauhy (Gardner, 2617, — the type
of P. rubrum var. longispica, 2623). Panuri (Spruce, 2909}. Santarem
(Spruce, 4, 739).

Phoradendron ceibanum n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-4x30 mm.),
smooth, rhombieally 4-angled, somewhat dilated and ancipital upwards.
Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair. Leaves oblong-elliptical, mucro-
nately subacute to obtuse, 1.5-2 or 2.5x4-7 cm., petioled for about 5 mm.
Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (40-50 mm. in fruit), with about 3
rather slender oblong joints some 20-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series : pedun-
cle 2-3 mm. long. Fruit subglobose, minutely cellular-papillate, 4 mm.
in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 158.

Isthmian region. — The type from Costa Eica.

Specimens examined: — COSTA RICA. Rio Ceiba, Buenos Aires (Pit-
tier [or Tonduzf] 3900, 1891,— the type, 6638). Ojo de Agua (Hoff-
mann, 578,1856). NICARAGUA. Mosquito Coast (WullscMaegel) . Gren-
ada (Levy, 1293). Realejo (Baker, 2096).

AEQUATORIALES— QUADBANGULARES 111

Phoradendron venezuelense n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-30 mm. or
5x60 mm.), smooth, rhombically 4-angled, somewhat compressed. Cata-
phyls a single nearly basal pair, annular-parted. Leaves oblong-lance-
olate, mucronately obtuse to subacute, .3-1x3-4 cm., cuneately subpetioled
for about 3 mm. Spikes often clustered, short (15 mm.), with about 3
slender short joints some 12- to 18-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle
nearly suppressed. Fruit greenish yellow to red, subglobose, smooth,
3 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 159.

Venezuelan and Isthmian regions. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1810, — the type,
fill?). Valencia (Moritz, 307). Oritrico (Otto, 556). Caracas (Goll-
mer, 1854 ; Knoop, Hi) . COLOMBIA. Sta. Marta ( fSmith, 1280) . PAN-
AMA. Aspinwall (Hayes, 829). Paraiso (?Hayes,323). Chagres (fFcnd-
Ur, 1341). Gamboa (Pittier, 2604). CARIBBEES. TRINIDAD (Fendler,
651; Hart, 6116).

Phoradendron antillarum n. sp.

Phoradendron rubrum and P. quadrangulare of most writers, as to the

West Indies except the Bahamas and some few Cuban collections.
Viscum angustifolium Bertero in Sprengel, Syst. vol. 1. p. 487. 1825.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x15-40 or 50
mm.), somewhat cellular-papillate, acutely quadrangular, somewhat
rhombically dilated above. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, annular,
white-margined. Leaves lanceolate, mucronately subacute, typically nar-
row .5-1x3-4 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes more or less clustered,
rather short (15-20, lengthening to 30 mm.), with about 3 slender sub-
fusiform joints about 14-flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle about 1 mm.
long. Fruit red varying into yellow or white, subglobose, smooth, 3-4 mm.
in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 160.

Antillean and upper Caribbean regions. — The type from Cuba.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. CUBA (Wright, 452, 1302, — the
type; Poeppig, 1824; Pareyss, 1839; Herb. Le Jolis., 871; de la Sagra;
Eggers, 4782; Combs, 299; Van Hermann, 1448; Shafer, 159, 296, 363,
371, 563, 815, 1109, 1622, 11823— noted, as having white fruit, 11828—
with yellow fruit, 12109, 12403; Pringle, 80; Baker, 2559; Wilson, 1748;
Rugel, 269b; Britton, 165, 1950, 1985, 2052, 2119; Britton, Britton &
Cowell, 10241; Britton & Cowell, 12553; Britton & Wilson, 4886, 5644;
Britton, Earle & Wilson, 4585, 4687; Britton, Britton & Wilson 5579).
HAITI (Prax, 1854; Ehrenberg, 13; Eggers, 3328; Picarda, 72, 132b, 301,

112 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

448; Nash & Taylor, 1322). SANTO DOMINGO (Bertero; Ehrenberg;
Wright, Parry & Brummcl, 467; Eggers. 1651, 1983; Fuertes, 383, 827;
t». Tuerckheim, 2616; Taylor, 223, 338, 481, 497; Emanuel, 1). JAMAICA
(Hitchcock, 1890; Hansen, 1310; Britton, 2840, 3668; Shafer, 159, 296,
363, 563, 815, 1109, 1622; Harris, 6577, 6584, 6927— bearing Cuscuta;
Brown, 394; Maxon, 1675). PUERTO Rico (Bertero, 8, 1234 — the type
collection of Viscum angustifolium Bertero; Eggers, 965; Cowell, 753;
Stahl, 45, 1043; Heller, 205, 6186; Sintenis, 885, 887b, 3035, 3292b, 3912,
5562, 6624, 7601; Garber, 24; Krug, 538; Schwancke; Kuntze, 495; Un-
derwood & Griggs, 211; Britton & Marble, 2245 — with yellow fruit; Brit-
ton & Shafer, 1644; Stevens, 5212, 5825b, 5826-9, 5907, 5908, 5935; Stev-
ens & Hess, 4563, 4988; Hess, 5402; Brother Hioram, 1912) . CARIBBEES.
ANTIGUA (Nicholson, 16). GUADELOUPE (Sprengel). DOMINICA (Eggers,
93). ^

With stouter (2-4x30-60 mm.), smooth, acutely quadrangular, but lit-
tle dilated internodes, and larger elliptical-lanceolate leaves 1-2x5-9 cm.,
mostly 5-nerved and somewhat veiny, and spike-joints about 18rflowered,
it is var. orientalis (PI. 161). Eastern Cuba (Britton, 1985, 2119 — the
type; Britton, Con-ell cf- Shafer. 12919, and, in an equally long- but
rather narrower-leaved form, f. longa, PI. 161, Britton, 2415). Puerto
Rico (Underwood & Griggs, 383).

Phoradendron Townsendi n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-3x15-35 mm.),
cellular-papillate, somewhat rhombically quadrangular. Cataphyls a sin-
gle nearly basal pair, annular-bifid, white-margined. Leaves oblance-
olate-oblong or subspatulate, mucronate but very obtuse, 1-2x4-6 cm.,
cuneately narrowed rather than petioled. Spikes more or less clustered,
short (10 mm.), with about 3 short joints scarcely 6-flowered in 2, 4 or
4-f-2 series: peduncle scarcely 1 mm. long. Fruit?. — Plate 162.

Western insular region of Mexico. — The type from Socorro.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Socorro, Revillagigedo Islands (An-
thony, 1897 ; Townsend, Mar. 1899 ; Barkelew, 177, 1903,— the type).

Phoradendron gracile n. comb.

Phoradendrum quadrangulare gracile Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24.
p. 37. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes rather short (1-2x25-30 mm.), smooth, acutely
quadrangular. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, annular-bifid, white-

AEQUATORIALES— QUADRANGULAKES 113

margined. Leaves subspatulately oblanceolate-oblong, subacute to very
obtuse or slightly emarginate, .5-1x3-5 cm., attenuately subsessile. Spikes
mostly solitary, short (10, lengthening to 20 mm.), with about 3 short
slender but somewhat fusiform joints about 10-flowered in 4-f2 series:
peduncle 1-2 mm. long. Fruit subellipsoid, sparingly but evidently low-
warty, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals inflexed and closely meeting or slightly
parted.— Plate 163.

Antillean region. — The type from Jamaica.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA (Harris, 6392, 1896, — tak-
en as the type, 6384, 6400, 6544, 6585, 6661; Hansen, 1897; Campbell,
6384, 6400, 1896 ; Britton, 2991, 3283, 3668) .

A Jamaican specimen (Ball, 1882), with staminate spikes 30-35 mm.
long, their half-dozen joints somewhat turbinately about 20-flowered,
may be known as var. Ballii. — Plate 163.

Phoradendron microphyllum n. comb.

Viscum microphyllum Pohl in de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 283.

1830.
Phoradendron rubrum var. microphylla Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil.

vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 120. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous ?. Internodes rather short ( 1-2x20-40 mm. ) ,
smooth, rather rhombically 4-sided becoming terete. Cataphyls a single
pair, nearly basal or as much as 5 mm. above the base, short and spread-
ing. Leaves oblanceolate-spatulate, mucronately rather obtuse, .3-.7x
2.5-4 cm., slenderly attenuate at base. Spikes solitary, short (scarcely 10,
lengthening to 30 mm.), with about 3 slender joints scarcely 10-flowered
in 4-J-2 series: peduncle 2-5 mm. long. Fruit rather ellipsoid, smooth.
3x4 mm. : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 164.

Brazilian region. — The type from Tingua.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Tingua (Pohl, 245, 4583 — the type
of V. microphyllum). Rio de Janeiro (Glaziou, 2598, 8728). Alagoas
(Gardner, 1324, 1325, — from which the fruit is described).

PHORADENDRON AFFINE Nuttall.

Phoradendron affine Nuttall, Journ. Philad. Acad. n. s. vol. 1. p. 185.

1847.
Viscum affine Pohl in de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 281. 1830.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2x30-50 mm.), smooth,
acutely quadrangular above. Cataphyls a single pair toward the base,

114 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

blunt and spreading, white-margined. Leaves oblanceolate-spatulate,
very obtuse, .5-1x2-4 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes more or less clus-
tered, moderate (20-30 mm.), with about 3 elongated slender joints 6-
to 10-flowered in 4-f 2 series : peduncle 5 mm. long. Fruit orange-red,
globose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 165.

Brazilian region. — The type from S. Joao Baptista.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. S. Joao Baptista (PoJil, 544, 1828,—
the type of V. affine). Minas Geraes (v. Martins}. Lagoa Santa (Warm-
ing}. Ilha Marajo, Para (Huber, 469}. Mattogrosso (Kunize; Moore,
954). Barrhina, Bahia (Rose & Russell, 19799}.

Phoradendron Martianum n. sp.

Phoradendron rubrum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 120, as to the plant depicted on pl^38. f . 2. 1868.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-5x20-50 mm.),
smooth, acutely quadrangular. Cataphyls a single pair toward the base,
blunt, white-margined. Leaves shortly elliptical or somewhat obovate,
very obtuse, 1.5-2x3.5-4 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes mostly solitary,
moderate (15, becoming 35 mm.), with about 3 oblong joints some 10- to
18-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle 3-5 mm. long. Fruit red, subglo-
bose, essentially smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. —
Plate 166.

Brazilian region. — The type from Alagoas.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Alagoas (Gardner, 1321 — the type,
1323}. Piauhy (Gardner, 2 619}. Ceara (Gardner, 1673, 1674}. Rio de
Janeiro (Gaudichaud, 567, 1833; Glaziou, 259S, 8728, 14887 in part;
ScJienck, 3902}. Without locality (f Gardner, 1028; Guillemin, 185;
Weddell, 1594,1858).

Phoradendron Gaumeri n. sp.

Pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls
only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x20-50 mm.), smooth,
acutely quadrangular. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, blunt, white-
margined. Leaves subelliptical-obovate, more or less mucronately obtuse,
about 1x2.5-3 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes mostly clustered, mod-
erate (20-30 or even 40 mm.), with about 3 elongated joints some 12- to
18-flowered in mostly 4-J-2 series: peduncle 1-2 mm. long. Fruit?.—
Plate 167.

Yucatecan region. — The type from Yucatan.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Izamal, Yucatan (Gaumer, 561, 1895,
in part, — the type) .

AEQUATOBIALES— QUADBANGULABES 115

Phoradendron tamaulipense n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-5x30-50 mm.),
smooth, acutely quadrangular, somewhat ancipitally compressed above.
Cataphyls a single basal pair, annular. Leaves elliptical-obovate, more
or less mucronately obtuse, 1-2x3.5-5 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes
mostly solitary, at length rather long (15-20, becoming 50 mm.), with 3-5
elongated joints some 6- to 12-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle 3-10
mm. long, when short usually followed by a partly florif erous joint. Fruit
red, globose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter: sepals closely inflexed. — Plate
167.

Eastern Sierra Madre and Cordillera of Mexico. — The type from
Alvarado.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Victoria (Palmer, 21, 1907). Tam-
pico (Palmer, 81, 221). Alvarado (Seler, 422, 4484— the type). Orizaba
(Mueller, 1570). Zacuapam (Purpus, 6280). Fortin (Kerber, 1990).
Without locality (?. Karwinski, 1844). Caxamatle (Wawra, 567). Jaya-
catlan, Oaxaca ( ? Smith, 360).

Phoradendron zacapanum. n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous or verticillately branched, the rather
long branches with basal cataphyls only, androgynous ?. Internodes mod-
erate (3x30-60 mm.), acutely 4-angled. Cataphyls a single basal pair,
annular, white-margined. Leaves obovate to oblanceolate-oblong, very
obtuse or somewhat emarginate, 2-3.5x5-7.5 cm., cuneately subsessile.
Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (20-30 or 40 mm.), with about 4 elon-
gated rather fusiform joints some 10- to 18-flowered in 4+2 series:
peduncle 3-5 mm. long. Fruit (immature) subglobose, smooth: sepals
closely inflexed. — Plate 168.

Guatemalan region. — The type from Gualan.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Gualan, Zacapa (Kellerman,
5604, Dec. 30, 1906, 5612— the type, 5728, 5972). Without locality
( ? FriedrichstJial, 1625).

32. E MARGIN AT AE.

Leaves broad or small, usually rather papery, basinerved, but mostly
with prominent midrib beneath. Shoots ancipital or acutely quadrate,
mostly papillate. Cataphyls a single pair, on the basal joint only. Flow-
ers in 2, 4 or 4+2 series. Fruit warty, the sepals usually parted. South
America: one species in Yucatan and one in the West Indies.

116 THE GENUS PHORADENDKON

Spikes 3- or more jointed : leaves mostly drying papery.

Shoots 4- winged: fruit large (4 mm.). P. Lyoni.

Shoots rhombically ancipital or 4-lined.
Leaves obovate.

Rather large (fully 2x3 cm.), and firm, emarginate.

P. emarginatum.
Smaller (scarcely 1.5x2.5 cm.).

Blunt or emarginate. P. minor.

Often mucronate.

Shoots little dilated.

Leaves very small (under 1 cm.).

P. obovatifolium.
Leaves larger.

Suborbicular. P. mucronatum.

Cuneate-obovate. P. yucatanum.

Shoots much flattened. P. Ottonis.

Leaves oblanceolate-obovate. P. Degenianum.

Spikes 1- or 2-jointed.

Leaves long-cuneate. P. cuneifolium.

Leaves obovate or elliptical.

Rather papery: shoots slender. P. cearense.

Rather fleshy : shoots stout. P. caracasanum.

Phoradendron Lyoni n. sp.

Divaricately pseudodichotomous, the long stout branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (3-4x20-50 mm.),
papillately roughened, acutely quadrangular or winged. Cataphyls a
single pair, nearly basal, bifid. Leaves elliptical-obovate, very obtuse to
subacute or mucronate, 1.5-2.5x3-5 cm., cuneately wide-based for about
5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, short (in fruit 15-20 mm.), with about
4 short 2- to 4-flowered joints: peduncle suppressed: scales ovate, cili-
olate. Fruit red, globose, 4 mm. in diameter, verrucose : sepals suberect.
—Plate 169.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. San Julian (M. W. Lyon, Jr.,
July 18, 1900, — the type in the U. S. National 'Herbarium : Robinson &
Lyon, July 18, 1900). Las Trincheras (Warming, 1891-2).

PHORADENDRON EMARGINATUM Eichler.

Plioradendron emarginatum Eichler in v. Martius, PI. Brasil. vol. 5.
pt. 2. p. 118. pi. 38. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-50 mm.).
papillately roughened, acutely 4-angled. Cataphyls a single nearly basal

AEQUATORIALES— EMARGINATAE 117

pair or a second pair exceptionally present, bifid. Leaves obovate, more
or less mucronately emarginate, 2-3x3-5 cm., cuneately subpetioled for
about 5 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, moderate, (30 mm. in fruit), with
4 or 5 joints 4- or 6-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle scarcely 2 mm.
long: scales ciliate. Fruit ovoid, 3x4 mm., verrucose: sepals suberect. —
Plate 170.

Brazilian region. — The type from Minas Geraes.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Minas Geraes (Claussen, 252, 1839,
—taken as type). Piauhy (v. Martins). Without locality (Claussen,
113). Rio de Janeiro ( Glaziou, 9861, 14887) . Ceara ( Gardner, 1670-1 ) .
Joazeiro, Bahia (Rose & Russell, 19751). BOLIVIA. Velasco (Kuntze,
19) . Sierra de Sta. Cruz (Kuntze, 18) .

Phoradendron minor n. comb.

Phoradendron emarginatum minor Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol.
5. pt. 2. p. 119. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the short branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous?. Internodes short (2x10-25 mm.), nearly
smooth, slightly 4-winged. Cataphyls a single pair, basal, deeply notched.
Leaves ovate or suborbicular, mucronately very obtuse or mostly emar-
ginate, 1-1.5x1.5-2.5 cm., rather abruptly subpetioled for 2 mm. Spikes
short, with about 4 subglobose joints subverticillately about 4-flowered:
peduncle very short : scales ciliolate. Fruit ?. — Plate 172.

Brazilian region. — The type from Piauhy.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Piauhy (v. Martius, — the type of
P. emarginatum minor).

PHORADENDRON OBOVATIFOLJUM Morong.

Phoradendron obovatifolium Morong, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vol. 7. p. 216.
1892.

Pseudodichotomous, the rather short and slender branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes short (1-2x10-20 mm.), nearly
smooth, acutely 4-angled, slightly flattened upwards. Cataphyls a single
pair, nearly basal, notched. Leaves obovate, mucronately very obtuse or
emarginate, .5-2x1-2.5 cm., rather abruptly subpetioled for 3 mm. Spikes
solitary, short (8-15 mm.), with about 4 slender joints subverticillately
4- to 6-flowered above the middle : peduncle 1 mm. long : scales ciliolate.
Fruit ovoid, 2 mm. long, verrucose: sepals suberect. — Plate 171.

Brazilian region ( ? exclusively) on Piptadenia. — The type from Para-
guay.

Specimens examined: — PARAGUAY. Gran Chaco, opposite Asuncion
(Morong, 1582, — the type). Rio Pilcomayo (Hassler, 298). Rio Apa to
Rio Aquidaban (Fiebrig, 32, 4981).

118 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

PHORADENDRON MUCRONATUM (Krug & Urban).

PJwradendrum mucronatum Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 34.

1897.
Viscum mucronatum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 282. 1830.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes short (2x10-20 mm.), papil-
lately roughened, acutely 4-angled, slightly flattened upwards. Cata-
phyls a single pair, nearly basal, notched. Leaves suborbicular or ob-
ovate, more or less mucronately very obtuse or emarginate, 1-2x1.5-3 cm.,
rather abruptly petioled for 1-2 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, short
(5-10 mm.), with about 3 short 4- to 6-flowered joints: peduncle very
short : scales ciliolate. Fruit round-ovoid, 3-4 mm. long, verrucose : sepals
erect.— Plate 172.

Antillean and Caribbean regions^on Croton, Psidium, etc. — The type
from Santo Domingo.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. SANTO DOMINGO (Bertero, — the
type of V. mucronatum; Varamel, 1851 ; Fuertes, 240, 1175, 1393}. HAITI
(Buck, 319; Nash, 98}. JAMAICA (I Pur die, — with sessile ovate obtuse
leaves 4x6 cm.). CARIBBEES. GUADELOUPE (Duss, 4156}. MARTINIQUE
(Duss, 100; Hahn, 296, 1383, 1385}.

Phoradendron yucatanum n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes short (2x10-30 mm.), somewhat velvety-papil-
late, ancipital or somewhat quadrately angled, slightly widened upwards.
Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, bifid. Leaves cuneately obovate to
suborbicular, mucronately very obtuse to emarginate, 1-1.5x1.5-2.5 cm.,
scarcely petioled. Spikes solitary, short, (5-10 mm.), with about 3 sub-
globose verticillately 4-flowered joints : peduncle 1 mm. long : scales cili-
olate. Fruit (immature) subglobose, scarcely 2 mm. in diameter, ver-
rucose : sepals erect. — Plate 173.

Yucatecan region. — The type from Yucatan.

Specimens examined: — MEXICO. Yucatan, without other data (Gau-
mer, 561 in part, 1895, — the type, in the herbarium of the Field Mu-
seum).

PHORADENDRON OTTONIS Eichler.

Plioradendron Ottonis Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. v. 5. pt. 2. p. 119.
1868.

Pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes short (2x15-25 mm.), nearly smooth, little
quadrate, ancipitally dilated to a width of 5-7 mm. below the nodes.

AEQUATORIALES— EMABGINATAE 119

Cataphyls a single pair, basal, tubular-bifid. Leaves round-obovate, mu-
cronately obtuse to subacute, l-l.5xl.5-2 cm., euneately subpetioled for
1-2 mm. Spikes solitary, short (10-15 mm.), with about 3 short 4-flow-
ered joints: peduncle 1-2 mm. long: scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (im-
mature) subglobose, 2 mm. in diameter, verrucose : sepals nearly or quite
meeting. — Plate 173.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Orituco (Otto, 565, Feb. 22, 1840,
— the type). Cumana (Funcko, 295; Herb. Le Jolis., 1870). Locality?
(Eggers, 13335).

Phoradendron Degenianum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous or verticillate, the moderate branches
with basal cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2x
20-40 mm.), papillately roughened, acutely quadrangular, somewhat com-
pressed upwards. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, deeply notched.
Leaves oblanceolate-obovate, mucronately subacute to very obtuse or
emarginate, 1.5-2x3-4.5 cm., euneately slender-petioled for 5-10 mm.
Spikes solitary, short (10, lengthening to 15 or 20 mm.), with 3-5 rather
slender joints clavately some 4-flowered about the middle : peduncle 1-2
mm. long: scales ciliolate. Fruit subglobose, 3 mm. in diameter, verru-
cose : sepals ascending, scarcely meeting. — Plate 174.

Venezuelan-Isthmian region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Sta. Marta (H. H. Smith, 1282,
1285 — the type) .

PHORADENDRON CUNEIFOLIUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum cuneifolium Urban, Bot. Jahrb. v. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 5. 1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the slender branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous. Internodes short (1-2x10-20 mm.), papillately
roughened, rhombically quadrangular. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly
basal, bifid. Leaves inversely triangular, more or less mucronately very
obtuse to truncate or emarginate, 1-1.5x2-4 cm., gradually cuneate to the
slender base rather than petioled. Spikes mostly solitary, very short
(scarcely 5 mm.), with a single fertile 6-flowered joint: peduncle almost
suppressed. Fruit subglobose, 3-4 mm. in diameter, sparingly low-verru-
cose : sepals erect. — Plate 174.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined :— VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1115,— the
type).

PHORADENDRON CEARENSE Eichler.

Phoradendron cearense Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. v. 5. pt. 2. p.
118. 1868.

120 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Pseudodichotomous, the slender branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes moderate (1-3x30-40 mm.), somewhat papil-
lately roughened, acutely 4-angled, the upper rhombic. Cataphyls a sin-
gle pair, nearly basal, bifid. Leaves elliptical-obovate, more or less mu-
cronately obtuse or emarginate, 2-3x5-7 cm., cuneately subpetioled for
scarcely 5 mm. Spikes often clustered, very short (5-10 mm.) , with about
2 joints 4- to 6-flowered: peduncle 1-2 mm. long: scales ciliate. Fruit
ovoid, 3 mm. long, somewhat verrucose : sepals scarcely meeting. — Plate
176.

Brazilian region. — The type from Ceara.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Ceara (Gardner, 1675, — the type).

With shorter internodes (10-20 mm. long), and rather thick more
often obovate and emarginate leaves, it is var. minor Eichler, I. c., from
the same region (Gardner, 1669}. — P^ate 175.

PHORADENDRON CARACASANUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum caracasanum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. v. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 4.
1897.

Divaricately branched and pseudodichotomous, the rather stout
branches with basal cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather
short (2-3x15-40 mm.), very minutely papillate, rhombically ancipital or
acutely 4-angled or 4-winged. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal,
bifid. Leaves obovate, very obtuse, 1.5-2.5x3-3.5 cm., cuneately subpetioled
for about 5 mm., fleshy for the group and scarcely veined. Spikes sol-
itary, very short (5 mm.), with a single 4- or 6-flowered joint: peduncle
nearly suppressed. Fruit globose, 5 mm. in diameter, verrucose: sepals
inflexed. — Plate 176.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined : — VENEZUELA. Between Macqueria and Caracas
(Gollmer, Feb. 2, 1855,— the type).

33. ARGENTINAE.

Leaves small, rather coriaceous and usually sharply nerved from the
base. Shoots at first ancipital, rhombic, or square, papillate. Cataphyls
1 or exceptionally 2 pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers in 4 or 4-f 2
series. Fruit subovoid, somewhat rough, with erect sepals. Bolivian and
southern Andean regions.

Leaves broad for the group (1-2 cm.). P. argentinum.
Leaves narrow (under 1 cm.).

Rather oblanceolate : spikes very short. P. Meliae.

Lanceolate: spikes long for the group. P. Ernstianum.

AEQUATORIALES— ABGENTINAE 121

PHORADENDRON ARGENTINUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum argentinum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 14.
1897.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-5x10-40 mm.), smooth, the up-
per rhombically quadrangular. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair, occasion-
ally followed by a second, spreading. Leaves elliptical or oblanceolate-
obovate, sometimes rather quadrate, obtuse, 1-2x2.5-5 cm., finely about
3-nerved and veiny, cuneately subsessile. Spikes mostly solitary, short
(15 mm.), with about 4 rounded joints some 6-flowered in 4-J-2 series:
peduncle nearly suppressed: scales ciliolate. Fruit round-ovoid, 4 mm.
in diameter, cellular-papillate or tuberculate: sepals erect, parted. — j
Plate 177.

Bolivian region, on Ruprechtia etc. — The type from Argentina.

Specimens examined: — ARGENTINA. Chacarita de los Padres, Cata-
marca (Hieronymus, 419, Nov. 1872, — the type). San Lorenzo, Jujui
(Hieronymus & Lorentz, 237). Sierra de Cordoba (Stuckert, 20252).

Phoradendron Meliae n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
eataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes short (2-4x10-20 mm.), papil-
late, the upper rhombically ancipital or squarish. Cataphyls a nearly
basal pair, sometimes followed by a second some 5 mm. higher. Leaves
lanceolate to obovate-oblanceolate, rather mucronately acute, .5-1x2-3.5
cm., usually 3-nerved, cuneately subsessile. Spikes mostly solitary, short
(scarcely 10 mm.), with 2 or 3 very short joints some 4- to 6-flowered
in 4 or 4-J-2 series : peduncle nearly suppressed : scales subciliate. Fruit
(immature) red, round-ovoid, verrucose, 2-3 mm. in diameter: sepals
suberect and parted.— Plate 178.

Bolivian region, on Melia, Larrea etc. — The type from Paraguay.

Specimens examined: — PARAGUAY. Asuncion (Balansa, 2495, May
1874, on Melia, — the type). BOLIVIA. Velasco (Kuntze, 6). ARGENTINA.
Estancia San Teodoro, Cordoba (Stuckert, ? 11778, 13337, 20248). Cruz
del Eje, Cordoba (Stuckert, 14526).

PHORADENDRON ERNSTIANUM Patschovsky.

Plwradendron Ernstianum Patschovsky, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 45. p. 439. 1911.
Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal cata-
phyls only, androgynous. Internodes rather short (1-2x15-30 mm.), min-
utely papillate, the upper rhombically 4-angled. Cataphyls a single pair,
nearly basal. Leaves lanceolate, acute, scarcely .5x3 cm., 3-nerved, cune-

122 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

ately subsessile. Spikes mostly solitary, short (10-25 mm.), with 3-5
rounded joints about 6-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle nearly sup-
pressed: scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit subglobose, granular, scarcely
3 mm. in diameter : sepals erect, parted. — Plate 177.

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined: — PERU. Balsas to Calendin, Cajamarca (Web-
erbauer, 4251, — the type).

34. LIGAE.

Leaves moderate or small, sharply basinerved though rather thick.
Shoots at first somewhat rhombically flattened. Cataphyls 1 or mostly
2 pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers usually in 4+2 series. Fruit
somewhat papillate, usually with nearly closed sepals. Bolivian region.
Leaves narrow (under 10 mm.).

Short (scarcely 40 mm.) : sepals parted. P. pruinosum.

Moderately long (40-60 mm.) : sepals meeting. P. Liga.

Leaves broad (20 mm. or more). P. Hieronymi.

PHOBADENDRON PRUINOSUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum pruinosum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 14.
1897.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes rather short (2 or 3x6-15 mm.), smooth, at
first rather ancipitally flattened. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal,
pale-margined. Leaves elliptical-oblong, mucronately subacute, .5-.8x
2.5-4 cm., more or less evidently 3-nerved, cuneately subsessile. Spikes
mostly solitary, short (about 10 mm.), with 2-4 joints 2-flowered to about
6-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncle nearly suppressed: scales scarcely
ciliate. Fruit round-ovoid, nearly smooth, 3x4 mm. : sepals erect. — Plate
178.

Bolivian region ( ? exclusively) on Leguminosae. — The type from
Argentina.

Specimens examined : — ARGENTINA. Catamarca (Lorentz, 382, 688, —
the type). Rioja (Hieronymus & Niederlein, 165).

PHORADENDRON LIGA Eichler.

Phoradendron Liga Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2. p.

134m. 1868.

PTioradendrum Liga Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 15. 1897.
Viscum Liga Gillies: Hooker & Arnott, in Hooker, Bot. Miscell. vol. 3.

p. 355. 1833.

AEQUATORIALES— LIGAE 123

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long very slender branches
with basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (1-2x25-60
mm.), smooth, at first rhombic but soon terete. Cataphyls a single pair
toward the base, or 2 pairs some 10 mm. apart, scarious-margined. Leaves
more or less falcately oblong to narrowly lanceolate, mucronately acute,
.5-1x4-6 cm., 3- to 5-nerved, gradually attenuate at base for about 5 mm.
rather than petioled. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (20, becoming
30 mm.), with about 4 slender joints some 10- to 18-flowered in 4-J-2
series : peduncle about 5 mm. long : scales acute, scarious-margined, little
ciliate. Fruit red, subglobose, minutely cellular-papillate, 4 mm. in
diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plates 179, 180.

Bolivian region. — The type from Argentina.

Specimens examined : — ARGENTINA. Los Cerillos de S. Juan ( Gillies,
— the type of V. Liga). Cordoba (Lorentz, 395, 431, 471, 478; Hierony-
mus, 729; Kurtz, 8434). S. Jose (Lorentz & Hieronymus, 219}. Colonia
Benites (Stuckert, 16437}. Bellarita Corrientes (Stuckert, 14569). Cha-
carita de los Padres (Lorentz & Hieronymus, 420). Fuerte (Lorentz,
344). Catamarca (Kurtz, 6772). PARAGUAY. Sta. Elisa, Gran Chaco
(Eojas, 2732; Hassler, 2732). Concepcion (Hassler, 7551). Asuncion
(Balansa, 2496). Yaguaron (Balansa, 3218). Central Paraguay ( f M o-
rong, 618). BOLIVIA. S. Pablo (Kuntze, 5).

Phoradendron Hieronymi n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-40 mm.),
smooth, somewhat compressed or ancipital. Catapbyls usually a basal
pair and a second pair some 5 mm. higher, ciliate. Leaves more or less
obliquely elliptical to obovate, obtuse, 2-3x4-6 cm., distinctly 5- or 7-
nerved, cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary,
rather short (15-20 or 25 mm.), with about 3 oblong joints some 8- to
12-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle scarcely 5 mm. long, often with
about 2 pairs of scales. Fruit subglobose, minutely cellular-papillate,
3 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed but not meeting. — Plate 180.

Bolivian region. — The type from Argentina.

Specimens examined: — ARGENTINA. Chacarita de los Padres, Cata-
marca (Hieronymus, 421, 1872. — the type). Sierra Chica de Cordoba
(Lorentz, 432). Cruz del Eje, Cordoba (Stuckert, 13363). Fuerte (Lor-
entz, 36 4). Calera (Lorentz, 468). Catamarca (Hieronymus, Nov. 1873).
Guasopampa (Kurtz, 6783). Tucuman (LUlo, 20256).

124 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

35. ENSIFOLIAE.

Leaves long or very narrow, rather heavy, basinerved. Shoots rather
quickly terete. Cataphyls 1-4 pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers
mostly in 6 series. Fruit subglobose, smooth or wrinkled, with inflexed
sepals. Brazil.

Leaves very narrow, linear, widened upwards. P. linearifolium.

Leaves oblanceolate.

Narrow (5-20 mm.), tapered upwards. P. ensifolium.

Broad (20-40 mm.), broadest above the middle.

P. lanceolato-ellipticum.

PHORADENDRON LiNEApFOLiuM Eichler.

Phoradendron linearifolium Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5 pt. 2.
p. 115. pi. 36. 1868.

Frequently pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cata-
phyls only, or seemingly forked and then with cataphyls on all joints,
dioecious. Internodes long and slender (1-2x50-100 mm.), smooth, quickly
terete, swollen above. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal or as much
as 10 or 15 mm. above the base, or 2-4 often very irregularly spaced pairs.
Leaves linear-spatulate, very obtuse to emarginate or truncate, .2-.3 or
.6x10 to 16 cm., gradually attenuate to the base. Spikes often clustered,
moderate (10-15, lengthening to 30 mm.), with 2 or 3 slender joints some
6-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series when pistillate and as much as 50-flowered
in 6 series when staminate : peduncle scarcely 1 mm. long, followed by a
longer nearly or quite sterile joint. Fruit subglobose, 2-3 mm. in diam-
eter, somewhat rugosely low-granular: sepals not meeting. — Plate 181.

Brazilian region. — The type from Rio de Janeiro.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro (Riedel, the type;
Glaziou, 9468, 12032-3, 13926, 19419; Vie, 4938) . Organ Mts. (Burchell,
2129).

PHORADENDRON ENSIFOLIUM Eichler.

Phoradendron ensifolium Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 114. pi. 35. 1868.
Viscum ensifolium Pohl in de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 281. 1830.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious. Internodes long and slender (2-3x50-100 mm. or more),
smooth, quickly terete. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair with usually a
second pair some 10 mm. higher. Leaves lanceolate, obtuse, 1.5-2.5x20-30
em., very long-attenuate at base, drying golden. Spikes mostly clustered,
moderate (30-40 mm.), with about half a dozen joints rounded and about
6-flowered in 4-J-2 series when pistillate or elongated and some 30-flow-

AEQUATORIALES— TUEBINISPICAE 125

ered in 6 series when staminate: peduncle scarcely 5 mm. long, with a
pair of basal scales. Fruit subglobose, 4 mm. in diameter, nearly smooth,
dull : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 182.

Brazilian region. — The type from Barbacena.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Barbacena (Pohl, 106, — the type of
V. ensifolium; Warming, 14, 381). Tristega (Czermak & Reineck, 312).
Porto Alegre (Czermak & Reineck, 637).

PHORADENDRON LANCEOLATO-ELLIPTICUM Eichler.

Phoradendron lanceolato-ellipticum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil.

vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 114. pi. 35. 1868.
Vis cum lanceolato-ellipticum Pohl in de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p.

282. 1830.
V. interruptum de Candolle, Prodromus, vol. 4. p. 282. 1830.

Scarcely forked, the long branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious?. Internodes rather long (2-3x50-100 mm. or more, smooth, for a
time somewhat flattened. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair followed by 1-3
others at intervals of less than 5 to 25-40 mm. Leaves falcately oblance-
olate-oblong, very obtuse, 2-4x10-16 cm., rather short-cuneate at base.
Spikes often clustered, moderate (30-40 or 50 mm.), with about 4 slender
joints some 20-flowered in 6 series when pistillate : peduncle 5 mm. long,
usually with 1 or 2 lower pairs of scarcely ciliate scales. Fruit (imma-
ture) somewhat ellipsoidal, 2x3 mm., smooth: sepals closely inflexed.—
Plate 183.

Brazilian region. — The type from Goyaz.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Padre Luis Faria, Goyaz (Pohl, 273,
— the type of V. lanceolato-ellipticum and of V. interruptum) .

36. TURBINISPICAE.

Leaves moderate, lanceolate, basinerved. Shoots for a time ancipital.
Cataphyls several pairs, on the basal joint only. Joints of the spikes tur-
binately many-flowered in 4+2 series. Fruit round, minutely papillate,
with closed sepals. Brazil.

Leaves lanceolate. P- macrarfhrum.

PHORADENDRON MACRARTHRUM Eichler.

Phoradendron macrartJirum Eiehler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5.

pt. 2. p. 124. pi. 43. 1868.
P. macrarthron Eichler, 1. c. p. 107, — in key, 133.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes rather long (2-4x40-60 mm.),

126 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

sharply ancipital. Cataphyls 1 or 2 basal pairs, usually with another
pair some 5 mm. higher, tubular-bifid, white-margined. Leaves falcately
lanceolate, obtuse, 1.5-3x7-10 cm., distinctly about 5-nerved, cuneately
attenuate for 5-10 mm. or more. Spikes mostly solitary, long (30-50
mm.), with about 3 rather slender joints turbinately some 30- to 50-
flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle 5-8 mm. long : scales not ciliate. Fruit
(immature) subglobose, microscopically cellular-papillate, 4 mm. in
diameter : sepals inflexed. — Plate 184.

Brazilian region. — The type from Goyaz.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Goyaz (Gardner, 3765, — the type).

37. FALCIFERAE.

Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, falcate, basinerved. Shoots, if some-
what flattened, scarcely angled. Cataphyls about 2 pairs, on the basal
joint only. Flowers in 4+2 series. Fruit warty, with closed sepals.
South America.

Leaves elongated, finely nerved. P. falcifrons.

PHORADENDRON FALCIFRONS Eichler.

PTioradendron falcifrons Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 134 m. 1868.
Viscum falcifrons Hooker & Arnott in Hooker, Bot. Miscell. vol. 3. p. 356.

1833.

Scarcely forked, the rather short branches with basal cataphyls only,
dioecious. Internodes rather short (2x20-30 mm.), somewhat compressed
above but scarcely angled. Cataphyls a basal pair followed by another
pair 5-10 mm. higher, tubular. Leaves falcately oblanceolate-oblong, .5-lx
5-7.5 cm., very obtuse, slenderly long-attenuate rather than petioled.
Spikes mostly solitary, short (10-20 mm.), with about 3 joints rounded
and some 6- to 10-flowered when pistillate and slender and 20- to 30-
flowered in 4+2 series when staminate : peduncle 3 mm. long, sometimes
with 1 or 2 pairs of basal scales. Fruit ovoid, 3x4 mm., slightly verru-
cose: sepals closely inflexed. — Plates 185, 186.

La Plata region. — The type from Uruguay.

Specimens examined: — URUGUAY, Eio Uruguay (Tweedie, — the type,
on laurels). Concepcion (Lorentz, 632, 1779, 1879, 4772). An island in
Rio Uruguay (Niederlein, 102). Sierra de Tambores (Arechavaleta,
136). Mattogrosso, etc. (Kuntze, 10). Cordillere de Peribebue (Bal-
ansa, 3219).

AEQUATORTALES— ANOMALAE 127

38. ANOMALAE.

Tomentose. Leaves small or rather broad, thick though evidently
nerved from the base. Shoots scarcely edged. Cataphyls a single pair,
on the basal joint only. Flowers in 4+2 series. Fruit round, retrorsely
hairy. Southern Andes.

Leaves moderately large (7 cm.) : sepals parted. P. tucumanense.

Leaves small (under 1 cm. long) : fruiting sepals meeting. P. Kuntzei.

PHORADENDRON TUCUMANENSE (Urban).

Phoradendrum tucumanense Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 16.
1897.

Not forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious. Internodes moderate (2-4x40-50 mm.), densely stellate- tomentose
or short- villous like the foliage, compressed and dilated under the nodes
becoming terete. Cataphyls a single pair, about 5 mm. above the base,
scarcely tubular. Leaves lanceolate or the lowest elliptical, typically
acute, 1.5-3x7-9 cm., cuneately rather slender-petioled for 15-20 mm.
Spikes often clustered, moderate (25-35, becoming 50 mm. in fruit),
tomentose, with about 3 rather stout joints some 18-flowered in 4+2 ser-
ies when pistillate and as much as 50-flowered in 6 series when staminate :
peduncle 2 mm. long, often followed by a somewhat longer sterile joint :
scales deeply parted. Fruit subglobose, dark red, 3 mm. in diameter,
retrorsely hairy : sepals nearly glabrous, suberectly parted. — Plates 187,
188.

Bolivian region ( ? exclusively) on Fagara. — The type from Argen-
tina.

Specimens examined: — ARGENTINA. Siambon, Sierra de Tucuman
(Lorentz & Hieronymus, 223, 235, 335, 782, 1874, — the types). Cuesta
de Periquillo (Lillo, 5414). BOLIVIA. La Merced, Bermejo (Fiebrig,
2174). COUNTRY?. San Luis (Pearce, 1864).

PHORADENDRON KUNTZEI (Urban).
Phoradendrum Kuntzei Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 11. 1897.

Not forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious. Internodes moderate (2x30 mm. or more), densely yellow-tomen-
tose like the foliage, somewhat compressed under the nodes becoming te-
rete. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair. Leaves (on the young growth)
short-oblong, scarcely 2x5 mm., sessile, caducous. Spikes mostly clus-
tered, rather long (40 mm.), tomentose, with about 3 oblong or clavate
joints some 30-flowered when pistillate and 60-flowered when staminate

128 THE GENUS PHOEADENDRON

in 4+2 series : peduncle 4 mm. long : scales rather deeply parted. Fruit
subglobose, 4-5 mm. in diameter, retrorsely hairy: sepals pubescent, in-
curved.—Plate 188.

Bolivian region ( ? exclusively) on cacti. — The type from Bolivia.

Specimens examined: — BOLIVIA. Tunari Mts. at 1300 m. (Kuntze,
20, June 1892,— the type). Cotana, at 2500 m. (Bucktien, 3156}.

C. PENNINERVIAE.

Nerves pinnate from a midrib which usually continues through the
leaf but sometimes vanishes below the middle ; never with several equally
strong nerves from the base.

Leaves thick and opaque.

Stem 4-lined : midrib evanescent. EGGERSIAE.

Stem ancipital or terete.

Leaves elongated (1:3-4), dull. UNDULATAE.

Leaves broad (1:2).

Spikes very long, Venezuelan. P. polygynum.

Spikes moderate. Bahamian. NORTHROPIAE.

Leaves fleshy : stem bluntly square. RUGULOSAE.

Leaves drying rather leathery or papery.
Not or scarcely revolute.

Midrib evanescent. HEYDEANAE.

Midrib percurrent. PTERONEURAE.

Revolute. HEXASTICHAE.

Leaves herbaceous, dull : stem sharply ancipital. PERUVIANAE.

39. EGGERSIAE.

Leaves large, rather thick and dull, evanescently heavily pinnately
nerved. Shoots acutely quadrangular. Cataphyls 2 pairs, on the basal
joint only. Spikes stout and long. Flowers in 4+2 series. Fruit gran-
ular, with widely parted sepals. Andes.

Leaves ovate. P. Eggersii.

PHORADENDRON EGGERSII (Urban).

PJioradendrum Eggersii Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 10. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the branches with basal cataphyls only, androgy-
nous?. Internodes rather short, stout (3-5x25-50 mm.), nearly smooth,
square or 4-keeled, slightly swollen but not compressed at the nodes.
Cataphyls a basal pair followed by another more or less fertile pair some
10 mm. higher. Leaves very broadly elliptical or ovate, very obtuse,
7-11x11-15 cm., abruptly petioled for 15-20 mm., rather thick and dull,
obscurely pinnately veined below the middle. Spikes mostly clustered,

AEQUATORIALES— UNDULATAE 129

rather long (40-60 mm.), with about 3 stout oblong joints 22- to 30-flow-
ered in 4+2 series: peduncle almost suppressed. Fruit globose, tuber-
culate, 5 mm. in diameter : sepals widely spreading with upcurved tips. —
Plate 211.

Andean region. — The type from Ecuador.

Specimens examined: — ECUADOR. Hacienda El Recreo, Manabi (Eg-
gers, 15229, Aug. 29, 1893,— the type).

40. NORTHKOPIAE.

Leaves moderate or rather large, somewhat thick and dull, scarcely
revolute, very obscurely subpinnately nerved. Shoots somewhat rhom-
bic. Cataphyls a single pair, — on all joints? Flowers in 4+2 series.
Fruit round, smooth, with parted sepals. Bahamas.

Leaves obovate or spatulate, often emarginate. P. Northropiae.

PHORADENDRON NORTHROPIAE Urban.

Phoradendron Northropiae Urban, Mem. Torrey Bot. Cl. vol. 12. p. 33.
pi. 4. 1902.

Commonly forked or fasciculate, the moderate branches apparently
with cataphyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-5x
20-60 mm.), minutely papillate, for a time somewhat rhombic or com-
pressed, enlarged at the nodes. Cataphyls a single pair 5 mm. or less
above the base, or rarely 2 pairs, short-tubular. Leaves obovate to sub-
spatulate, very obtuse to obcordately notched, 2.5-3x3-5, or 4-5x6-10 cm.,
cuneately subpetioled for 5 mm., obscurely penninerved. Spikes often
densely clustered, rather short (20-25 mm.), with about 4 subfusiform
moderately thick joints covered by some 8-18 flowers in 4+2 series:
peduncle scarcely 5 mm. long, with a second pair of scales. Fruit red,
subglobose, smooth : sepals erect, not meeting. — Plate 189.

Bahamian region ( 1 exclusively) on Mimusops. — The type from An-
dros.

Specimens examined: — BAHAMAS. ANDROS ISL. (Northrop, 551, 1890,
—the type; Brace, 5325; Small & Carter, 8479).

41. UNDULATAE.

Leaves rather large, lanceolate, thick, dull, obscurely pinnately
nerved. Shoots sharply ancipital above. Cataphyls mostly 3-4 pairs, on
the basal joint only. Flowers in 4+2 series. Fruit ellipsoid, smooth,
with nearly closed sepals. Brazil to the West Indies.

130 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Leaves drying dull. South America.

Spikes rather stout and short. P. undulatum.

Spikes long and slender. P. gracilispicum.

Leaves glossy. Caribbees. P. Herminieri.

PHORADENDRON UNDULATUM Eichler.

Phoradendron undulatum Eichler in v. Martius, PI. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 122. pi. 39. 1868.

Viscum undulatum Pohl in de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 282. 1830.
Phoradendrum undulatum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 42. 1897, — as

to the mainland.

More or less pseudodichotomous or verticillate, the long branches with
basal cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-5x30-70
mm.), smooth, for a time strongly ancipital. Cataphyls a nearly basal
pair usually followed by 1 or 2 additional pairs and occasionally by a
fourth, at intervals increasing up to 40 mm., tubular, somewhat keeled
and pointed. Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate or somewhat ovate, very
obtuse to acuminate, 2-4x7-15 cm., cuneately subpetioled for 5-10 mm.
Spikes often clustered, moderate (30, lengthening to 50 mm.), with 4-6
short rather stout joints some 10-flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle very
short, with 1 or 2 basal pairs of scales: scales ciliolate. Fruit round-
ovoid, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals somewhat parted. — Plates 190,
191.

Brazilian and Bolivian regions. — The type from Brazil.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Barbacena (Pohl, 868, 1828, — the
type of V. undulatum). Minas Geraes (Lindberg, 253). Rio de Janeiro
(Riedel; Glaziou, 4003, 6893, 8243). Without locality (Burchell, 4396).
BOLIVIA. Yungas (t Bang, 363, 2903). Mapiri (Rusby, 1546).

Phoradendron gracilispicum n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cataphyls
only, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-60 mm.), ancipital
and rather persistently 2-keeled. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair usually
followed by a second pair some 20 mm. higher, and occasionally by a third
pair, acute, 2.5-4x10-16 cm., wing-petioled for 10-15 mm. Spikes often
clustered, long (40-70 mm.), reddish, with about 10 slender joints some
12-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle 2 mm. long, often followed by
1 or 2 partly or wholly sterile joints: scales and receptacular cups cili-
olate. Fruit (young) elongated: sepals meeting. — Plate 192.

Isthmian and Venezuelan regions. — The type from Costa Rica.

Specimens examined: — COSTA RICA. Monte de Velirla du Copey
(Tonduz, 12215, the type). Rio Jesus (Brenes, 14519) . San Jose (Hoff-

AEQUATORIALES— PERUVIANAE 131

mann, 809, 1857; Tonduz, 1393, 10110}. S. Ramon (Brenes, 14406).
Piedra Blanca (Pittier, 1258). Los Frailes (Tonduz, 7884). Without
locality (Oersted, 3, 3086, in part, — P. latifolium Oliver). PANAMA. Chir-
iqui ( f Pittier, 2932, 3312) . COLOMBIA. Popayan ( fLehmann, 3565, 8538) .
Without locality (Kalbreyer, 353). VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1109).

Phoradendron Hermmieri n. sp.

Phoradendrum undulatum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 42. 1897, — as
to the West Indies.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the moderate branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-4x25-40 mm.), the
upper somewhat compressed rather than ancipital. Cataphyls mostly 3
pairs, one nearly basal, the others at intervals of 10 or 15 mm., scarcely
tubular. Leaves rather ovate-lanceolate, attenuately subacute to obtuse,
2.5-3x6-9 cm., cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes more or less
clustered, rather long (25, becoming 40 mm.), with half a dozen rather
slender joints some 10-flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle very short, usu-
ally followed by 1 or 2 equally short joints and a longer sterile joint:
scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature) round-ovoid, smooth, 3x4 mm.:
sepals nearly meeting. — Plate 191.

Caribbean region. — The type from Guadeloupe.

Specimens examined: — CARIBBEES. GUADELOUPE (Duss, 3904 in part,
—the type, 2966 in part, 4157, 4418 in part; L'Hermimer, a). DOM-
INICA (Lloyd, 207).

42. PERUVIANAE.

Leaves rather large except in one species, lanceolate or ovate-lance-
olate, dull, drying rather thick, pinnately nerved from a more or less
evanescent midrib beneath. Shoots ancipital. Flowers in 4+2, 6 or 6+2
series. Fruit round, mostly smooth, with closed sepals. Andes.

Spikes rather stout.

Leaves elliptical-ovate, obtuse.

Spikes stout-peduncled ; flowers in 6 series. P. peruvianum.
Spikes slender-peduncled : flowers in 4+2 series. P. Balansae.

Leaves elongated lanceolate, subacute. P. Mandonii.
Leaves lance-ovate, subacute.

Spikes moderate (30 mm.). P. avenia.

Spikes rather long and relatively slender. P. Englerianum.

Spikes very slender and short. P. Mathewsi.

PHORADENDRON PERUVIANUM Eichler.

Phoradendron peruvianum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 123. 1868.

132 THE GENUS PHOEADENDKON

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x20-60 mm.), nearly smooth,
ancipitally compressed, somewhat dilated upwards. Cataphyls a single
pair towards the base, somewhat spreading, white-margined. Leaves
broadly lanceolate, sometimes falcate, acute to obtuse, 3-4 or 5x6-12 cm.,
rather abruptly petioled for 5-7 mm. Spikes solitary, moderate (becom-
ing 40-50 mm.), with 3 or 4 stout oblong joints nearly 50-flowered in 6 or
6-|-2 series : peduncle stout, 3-5 mm. long. Fruit red, subglobose, smooth,
4 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 193.

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined: — PERU. Without locality (Ruiz, — the type).

Phoradendron Balansae n. sp.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-4x40-100 mm.),
granular, strongly ancipital but little dilated. Cataphyls a single pair
somewhat above the base, openly tubular, white-margined. Leaves ellip-
tical to oblanceolate-oblong, sometimes oblique, very obtuse, 2.5-3.5x
5.5-7.5 cm., cuneately wing-petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes mostly sol-
itary, moderate (20, becoming 30 mm.), with about 3 moderately stout
elongated joints rather turbinately some 18- to 26-flowered in 4+2 series :
peduncle nearly suppressed, usually followed by an elongated nearly or
quite sterile joint. Fruit subglobose, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals
closely inflexed. — Plate 194.

Bolivian region, on Punica etc. — The type from Paraguay.

Specimens examined: — PARAGUAY. Asuncion (Balansa, 2497, May
1874, — the type). Resistencia, Charco (Stuckert, 13363, 18606}. ARGEN-
TINA. Tucuman (Stuckert, 20256). Sierra de Guasapampa, Cordoba
(Kurtz, 6784). Rio La Plata (Palmer, 1853-4). Concepcion (Hassler,
7436, — f. Hassleri (PI. 195), with cylindrical spike- joints). Pilcomayo
River (Morong, 954, — f. Morongi, with 2 pairs of cataphyls).

PHORADENDRON MANDONII Eichler.

Phoradendron Mandonii Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 124. 1868.

Scarcely forked, the long branches with basal cataphyls only, andro-
gynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-60 mm.), smooth, ancipital. Cata-
phyls a basal pair, sometimes closely followed by a second, tubular-bifid.
Leaves more or less obliquely lanceolate, subacute, 2-3x8-10 cm., cuneately
wing-petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (30
mm.), with about 3 stout joints some 10 to 18-flowered in 4-f-2 series:

AEQUATOBIALES— PERUVIANAE 133

peduncle 3 mm. long. Fruit globose, dull, obscurely granular, 4 mm. in
diameter: sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 197.

Andean region. — The type from Bolivia.

Specimens examined. — BOLIVIA. Sorata, Larecaja, at 10000 ft. (Man-
don, 1467, Feb. 1861.— the type) .

Phoradendron avenia n. sp.
Phoradendron quadr -angular e avenia Hieronymus in Herb. Berolin.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes short and stout (3-6x20-30 mm.), smooth, an-
cipital or rhombically 4-angled, dilated upwards. Cataphyls a single pair
nearly 10 mm. above the base, acute. Leaves broadly lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate, rather acute, 1.5-2x3.5-5 cm., cuneately petioled for 5-7 mm.
Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (30 mm. in fruit), with about 4 short
stout oblong joints some 6-flowered in 4+2 series: peduncles 2-3 mm.
long, sometimes followed by a sterile joint. Fruit globose, nearly smooth,
3 mm. in diameter : sepals inflexed. — Plate 195.

Andean region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Paramo de Coper (Stuebel, 105,
July 1868,— the type).

PHORADENDRON ENGLERIANUM Patschovsky.

Phoradendron Englerianum Patschovsky, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 45. p. 439.
1911.

Scarcely forked, the long branches with basal cataphyls only, dioe-
cious?. Internodes rather long (2-4x30-70 mm.), slightly granular, an-
cipital or rhombically somewhat quadrangular, dilated at the nodes. Cata-
phyls a nearly basal pair, sometimes followed closely by a second or even
by a third pair some 10 mm. distant, short and spreading. Leaves lance-
olate, obtuse, 2.5-6x9-15 cm., cuneately petioled for scarcely 5 mm. Spikes
more or less clustered, rather long (40-60 mm.), with half a dozen long
slender joints some 40- to 60-flowered in 4-J-2 or 6 series: peduncle
scarcely 2 mm. long. Fruit (immature) subglobose, smooth, 3 mm. in
diameter: sepals inflexed. — Plate 196.

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined: — PERU. Chanchamayo Valley, Funin, Tarma
(Weberbauer, 1903 pistillate, 1904 staminate, Dec. 1902, — the types).

Phoradendron Mathewsi n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-5x30-60 mm.), nearly smooth,

134 THE GENUS PHOKADENDRON

ancipital, somewhat thickened at the nodes. Cataphyls a single nearly
basal pair, short and spreading, white-margined. Leaves somewhat
obliquely elliptical-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, 2-4x6-8 cm., cuneately
wing-petioled for scarcely 10 mm. Spikes clustered, short (20 mm.),
with 3 or 4 short but very slender joints some 8-flowered in 4+2 series :
peduncle 2 mm. long. Fruit (immature) globose, smooth, 2 mm. in diam-
eter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 197.

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined: — PERU. Chacapoyas (M. Mafhews, 1846, — the
type, in the Delessert Herbarium at Geneva).

43. RUGULOSAE.

Leaves moderate, rather fleshy, drying finely rugulose, scarcely revo-
lute, subpinnately veined. Shoots fleshy, drying somewhat rugosely quad-
rangular. Cataphyls several pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers in
4 or 4+2 series. Fruit round, nearly smooth, with closed sepals. Brazil.

Leaves broadly elliptical. P. Warmingii.

PHORADENDRON WARMINGII Eichler.

Phoradendron Warmingii Eichler in Warming, Vidensk. Meddel. Natur-

hist. Foren. Kjobenhavn. 1870. p. 209.
Phoradendron sp. Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 117.

1868.
Phoradendrum rugulosum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 13.

1897.

More or less forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes rather short (2-6x30-50 mm.) , fleshy and wrin-
kled in drying, quadrangular, minutely papillate like the foliage. Cata-
phyls a nearly basal pair mostly followed by a second and sometimes by
a third pair at intervals of 10-15 mm., or exceptionally 6-8 crowded pairs,
ovate, rather spreading. Leaves broadly elliptical to elliptical-obovate,
mostly very obtuse, 2.5-4x4-6 cm., more or less abruptly wing-petioled
for 3 or 5-10 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, moderate (30-40 mm.), with
about 3 swollen joints some 6- to 18-flowered in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle
short, usually with 2 or 3 pairs of scales. Fruit subglobose, nearly smooth,
4 mm. in diameter : sepals inflexed. — Plate 198.

Brazilian region ( ? exclusively) on Vochysia. — The type from Lagoa
Santa.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Lagoa Santa (Warming, 383, Jan.
14, 1865, — the type). Organ Mts., Kio de Janeiro (Glaziou, 4012, Apr.
1870, — the type of P. rugulosum which in this specimen differs in its
longer petioles and shorter fewer-flowered spike- joints, but is otherwise
scarcely distinguishable from the type).

AEQUATORIALES— HEXASTICHAE 135

44. HEYDEANAE.

Leaves large, rather thin, finely pinnately nerved below the middle.
Shoots rhombically ancipital. Cataphyls typically a single pair, on the
basal joint only. Flowers in 4+2 series. Central America.

Leaves ovate : spike- joints turbinately flowered. P. Heydeanum.

Phoradendron Heydeanum n. sp.

Pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cataphyls only,
dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-4x30-50 mm.) sharply ancipital,
somewhat rhombically widened below the nodes. Cataphyls a single basal
pair, or occasionally 2 or 3 pairs, tubular-bifid. Leaves ovate-lanceolate,
5x10 cm., or obovate and reduced to 2x3.5 cm., subobtuse, rather abruptly
wing-petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes often clustered, moderate (30-50
mm.), with 4-5 slender elongated joints somewhat turbinately about 16-
flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle 2-4 mm. long. Fruit ?. — Plate 199.

Guatemalan and Isthmian regions. — The type from Guatemala.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. San Miguel Uspantan, Quiche
(Heyde & Lux, 3140, Apr. 1892, — the type). COSTA RICA. Paramo del
Abejoval (? Tonduz, 1840}. Tucurique (t Tonduz, 13142}. These lat-
ter,— f. australis, — have smaller leaves (3.5x5 cm.) and subglobose smooth
immature fruit 3 mm. in diameter, with closely inflexed sepals.

45. HEXASTICHAE.

Leaves moderate or rather large, rather thick and chartaceous, revo-
lute, pinnately nerved. Shoots compressed or ancipital. Cataphyls a
single pair, on the basal joint only. Flowers mostly in 6 series. Fruit
round, smooth, with closed sepals. West Indies and eastern Mexico.

Leaves ovate to lanceolate. P. hexastichum.

Leaves elliptical. P. Oliverianum.

PHORADENDRON HEXASTICHUM Grisebach.

Phoradendron hexastichum Grisebach, Fl. Br. W. I. p. 313. 1860.
Viscum hexastichum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 282. 1830.
Phoradendrum hexastichum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 46. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-6x30-60 mm.), smooth, sharply
ancipital or somewhat rhombic and dilated upwards. Cataphyls a single
pair, scarcely 5 mm. above the base, openly annular. Leaves ovate, very
obtuse, 3-5x8-9 cm., cuneately or rather abruptly petioled for 5-8 mm.
Spikes more or less clustered, rather long (20, becoming 40-60 mm.),

136 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

with about 4 slightly clavate joints some 18- to 42-flowered in 6 or 8
series: peduncle scarcely 5 mm. long, sometimes with a basal pair of
scales. Fruit white, globose, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely
inflexed.— Plate 200.

Antillean and Caribbean regions. — The type from Cuba.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. CUBA (de la Ossa, 1825, — the type
of V. hexastichum; fShafer, 8590, Wright, 1252}. HAITI (Picarda, 1623;
ex. herb. Sprengel, as V. myrtilloides). SANTO DOMINGO (Eggers, 1899;
Lloyd, 765; Taylor, 328; v. Tuerckheim, 3284; Wright, Parry & Brum-
mel, 460). PUERTO Rico (Hess, 675; Sintenis, 2836, 5383}. CARIBBEES.
GUADELOUPE (Duss, 4137}. MARTINIQUE (Belanger, 131; Duss, 1375,
4415; Hahn, 1386; Sieber, 227 in part). ST. VINCENT (Guilding; Smith,
297}. GRENADA (Broadway, 1021}.

With lanceolate leaves only 2-2.5 cm. wide, it is var. angustifolia,
Phoradendrum hexastichum angustifolium Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb.
vol. 24. p. 46. 1897, from Grenada (Eggers, 6140}, — connected with the
type by Broadway, 1894, from the same island. — Plate 201.

Phoradendron Oliverianum n. sp.

More or less fascicled, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls
only, dioecious?. Internodes rather short (2-5x20-50 mm.), nearly smooth,
the upper ancipital and somewhat dilated upwards. Cataphyls a single
pair, mostly 5-10 mm. above the base, ovate, spreading. Leaves elliptical
or subovate, more or less mucronulate but very obtuse, 2 or 2.5-4x4.5-6
or 10 cm., cuneately or rather abruptly petioled for 5-8 mm. Spikes more
or less clustered, moderate (20-35 mm.), with about 3 subfusiform joints
some 10- to 24-flowered in 4-6 series: peduncle 2-5 mm. long. Fruit?.—
Plate 201.

Eastern Sierra Madre region. — The type from eastern Mexico.

Specimens examined : — MEXICO. El Mirador, Vera Cruz (Liebmann,
6, 3085, 1842,— the type : P. hexastichum Oliver, Vidensk. Meddel. Na-
turh. Foren. Kjobenhavn. 1864. p. 175).

46. PTERONEURAE.

Leaves usually large, more or less coriaceous, rarely revolute, pin-
nately nerved. Shoots subterete to ancipital, 2-keeled or quadrangular.
Cataphyls 1- several pairs, on the basal joint only or on all in cases of
forking. Flowers in 4-6 series. Fruit rounded, mostly smooth, with
more or less closed sepals. West Indies and South America.

Usually forking and hence with cataphyls on all joints. P. racemosum.
Cataphyls on the basal joints only.

AEQUATORIALES— PTERONEURAE 137

Spikes rather slender : cataphyls a single pair. P. productipes.
Spikes clavate.

Cataphyls a single pair.

Internodes flattened. P. bolivianum.

Internodes not dilated. P. cerinocarpum.

Cataphyls 1-2 pairs : internodes 2-winged. P. carinatum.
Cataphyls several pairs : internodes not compressed.

Cataphyls 2 pairs : shoots quadrangular. P. Brittonianum.

Cataphyls 3 pairs : shoots 2-keeled. P. pteroneuron.

PHORADENDRON RACEMOSUM Northrop.

Phoradendron racemosum Northrop, Mem. Torr. Bot. Cl. vol. 12. p. 33.

1902.

Viscum racemosum Aublet, Guian. vol. 2. p. 895. 1775.
V. latifolium Lamarck, Encycl. vol. 3. p. 57. 1789.
V. macrophyllum Sprengel, Syst. vol. 1. p. 488. 1825. — de Candolle, Pro-

dromus, vol. 4. p. 282.

V. pennivenium de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 282. 1830.
V. glandidosum Miquel, Linnaea. vol. 18. p. 60. 1844.
Phoradendron hexastichum latifolium Grisebach, Cat. p. 120, 1866.
P. pennivenium Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 128.

pi. 42. 1868.

P. cayennense Eichler, 1. c. p. 129. 134 m. 1868.
P. glandulosum Eichler, 1. c. p. 134 m. 1868.
Plioradendrum racemosum Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 46.

1897.

Usually forked and the long branches therefore mostly with cataphyls
on all joints, androgynous. Internodes long (2-5x70-150 mm.), some-
times granular, nearly terete, somewhat enlarged below the nodes. Cata-
phyls a basal pair, mostly followed by a second or occasionally a third
pair at intervals of 5-10 mm., subannular. Leaves from broadly lance-
olate to elliptical, ovate or orbicular, very obtuse or somewhat blunt-
acuminate, 5-8 or 10x10-16 cm., usually abruptly wing-petioled for 10-20
mm. Spikes often clustered, long (30-50 or 70 mm.), with mostly 4 or 5
rather long joints thickened except at the ends, some 20-flowered in 4+2
series: peduncle some 8 mm. long, with a basal pair of scales. Fruit
white, round-ellipsoid, mostly smooth, 3x4 mm. : sepals inflexed or some-
what parted.— Plates 202, 203.

Upper West Indies and Northern South America; absent from the
intervening Caribbees. — The type from Cayenne.

Specimens examined: — BAHAMAS. ANDROS (Northrop, 704). AN-
TILLES. CUBA (Wright, 438=1252 in part). HAITI (Picarda, 1605b;
Christ, 1960; Nash, 150a). STO. DOMINGO (Eggers, 1741, 2011; Kuntze,
415; Prenleloup, 507; Taylor, 28, 415}. PUERTO Rico (Bertero, 1820,—

138 THE GENUS PHOBADENDRON

the type of V. macrophyllum; Britton, Stevens & Hess, 2535, 2569; Cow-
ell, 626; Eggers, 880; Heller 514; Kuntze, 219, 415; Sintenis, 6758 as
host; Stevens, 4817 as host). FRENCH GUIANA (Perrottet, 1820 the type
of V. pennivenium) . SURINUM (Wullschlaegel, 1481; Focke, — the type
of V. glandulosum) . BRITISH GUIANA (7m Thurn, Sept. 1879; Jenman.
2218, 4055; Schomburgk, 554). VENEZUELA, on the lower Orinoco (Rusby,
1896).

Phoradendron productipes u. sp.

Phoradendron hexastichum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 129. pi. 43. 1868,— as to Brazil.

Somewhat pseudodichotomous, the long branches with basal cataphyls
only, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-4x40-160 mm.), smooth, for
a time somewhat rhombically ancipital, scarcely enlarged upwards. Cata-
phyls a single nearly basal pair, subannular. Leaves elliptical-oblance-
olate or obovate, very obtuse, 4-6x8-12 cm., acutely attenuate at base and
wing-petioled for 15 mm. Spikes more or less clustered, rather long
(30-50 mm.), with about 4 rather long and slender fusiform joints some
24- to 30-flowered in 6 series: peduncle 3-5 mm. long. Fruit globose,
smooth, 4 mm. in diameter: sepals inflexed and nearly meeting. — Plate
204.

Brazilian region. — The type from Ceara.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. CEARA (Gardner, 1676, — the type,
1679). San Gabriel da Cachoeira, Rio Negro (Spruce, 2112, — the type
of P. Jiexastichum var. longispica Eichler, 1. c.). — Plate 204.

Phoradendron bolivianum n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes short (2-3x20-30 mm.) , nearly smooth, at first
rhombically very sharply ancipital, somewhat dilated upwards. Cata-
phyls a single basal pair or as many as 4 crowded pairs, somewhat openly
tubular. Leaves elliptical-oblanceolate, sometimes mucronate, very ob-
tuse, 4-5x7-11 cm., acutely attenuate to a winged petiole scarcely 10 mm.
long. Spikes mostly solitary, rather long (20, becoming 50 mm.), with
about 4 fusiform-oblong joints some 24- to 40-flowered in 6 series: pedun-
cle 3 mm. long, often followed by a sterile joint. Fruit (immature) glo-
bose, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 205.

Bolivian region. — The type from Bolivia.

Specimens examined: — BOLIVIA. Yungas (Bang, — as a second collec-
tion for 632,— the type). Mapiri (Rusby, 1547). Tumupasa, at 1800 ft.
(WUliams,581).

AEQUATORIALES— PTERONEUEAE 139

Phoradendron cerinocarpum C. Wright n. sp.
Phoradendron cerinocarpum C. Wright in herb.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x30-60 mm.), smooth, rhombic
or ancipital. Cataphyls a single pair, nearly basal, little tubular, white-
margined. Leaves broadly lanceolate, very obtuse, as much as 7x16 cm.,
cuneately subpetioled for 10 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (30
or 40 mm.), with about 3 rather thick joints somewhat turbinately about
20-flowered in 4-}-2 series: peduncle 2 or 3 mm. long, sometimes with a
basal pair of white-margined scales. Fruit red, nearly globose, 3-4 mm.
in diameter, smooth : sepals scarcely meeting. — Plate 206.

Antillean region. — The type from Santo Domingo.

Specimens examined : — ANTILLES. SANTO DOMINGO. Without locality
(Wright, Parry & Brummel, 459, — the type). Barahona (Fuertes, 275,
927} . Azua (Rose, Fitch & Russell, 3936) .

Phoradendron carinatum n. sp.

Scarcely forked, the long branches with basal cataphyls only, andro-
gynous. Internodes rather stout and long (3-5x40-80 mm.), nearly
smooth, sharply 2-keeled, scarcely dilated upwards. Cataphyls a nearly
basal pair, sometimes followed by a second pair scarcely 10 mm. higher,
subannular. Leaves lanceolate, sometimes falcate or somewhat dimidiate,
rather acute, 4-6x15 cm. or longer, cuneately subsessile. Spikes mostly
solitary, moderate (40-60 mm.), with 4-6 rather stout oblong joints turbi-
nately some 25-flowerd in 4 or 4+2 series : peduncle 2 mm. long. Fruit
(immature) round-ellipsoidal, essentially smooth, 3x4 mm.: sepals in-
flexed and nearly meeting. — Plate 207.

Cayenne region. — The type from Demerara.

Specimens examined : — BRITISH GUIANA (Jenman, 2542, Nov. 1886, —
the type) . Noted as the largest-leaved of the Demeraran species.

PHORADENDRON BRITTONIANUM Rusby.

Phoradendron Brittonianum Rusby, Mem. Torrey. Bot. 01. vol. 4. p. 254.
1895.

More or less forked, the long stout branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous?. Internodes moderate (3-5x50-70 mm.), nearly smooth,
from ancipital becoming sharply quadrangular and finally terete, some-
what swollen at the nodes. Cataphyls 2 pairs, respectively 5 and 25 mm.
above the base, subannular or broadly triangular and acute. Leaves
round-ovate to elliptical, very obtuse, 8x11 cm., abruptly contracted to a
stout petiole 15 mm. long. Spikes more or less clustered, rather long

140 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

(over 50 mm.), with about half a dozen ellipsoid joints some 14-flowered
in 4+2 series: sepals deep red, widely spreading at anthesis: peduncle
nearly 10 mm. long, sheathed by about 4 pairs of overlapping scales.
Fruit?.— Plate 208.

Bolivian region. — The type from Bolivia.

Specimens examined: — BOLIVIA. Yungas (Bang, 632, 1890, — the
type). Apolo, at 4800 ft. (Williams, 178).

PHORADENDRON PTERONEURON Eichler.

PTwradendron pteroneuron Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 127. 1868.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with basal cataphyls only,
androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-5x30-100 mm.), nearly smooth,
from somewhat rhombic becoming 2-keeled and terete, more or less swol-
len at the nodes. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair, followed by 2-4 other
pairs at intervals increasing to 20 mm., subannular-bifid. Leaves round-
elliptical, 5-7x8 cm., or elliptical-obovate and scarcely 2.5x5 cm., very
obtuse, cuneately or abruptly petioled for some 10 mm. Spikes more or
less clustered, rather long (40-50 mm.), with about half a dozen ellip-
soidal joints some 14-flowered in 4-(-2 series : peduncle 5 mm. long, some-
times with several pairs of sheathing scales. Fruit (immature, said to
be whitish) subglobose, fleshy- wrinkled, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals dull
red, closely inflexed. — Plate 209.

Brazilian region. — The type from Rio de Janeiro.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro (Glaziou, 1462, 1887,
— taken as type). Ilheos (Riedel, 1829). Mattogrosso (Robert, 439).
Ceara (Gardner, 1677). Pernambuco (Schenck, 4282).

II. SQUAMOSAE.

Leaves reduced to scales which do not disarticulate. Glabrous through-
out. Brazil.

Stem terete, fleshy and wrinkled. FBAGILES.

Stem very flat, striate. TUNAEFORMES.

47. FRAGILES.

Leaves reduced to small scales. Shoots terete. Cataphyls one or two
pairs, on the basal joint only. Flowers in 4-J-2 series. Fruit wrinkled,
with somewhat parted sepals. Brazil.

Internodes subcylindrical, very short. P. fragile.

AEQUATOEIALES— TUNAEFOEMES 141

PHORADENDRON FRAGILE (Urban).
Phoradendrum fragile Urban, Bot. Jahrb. v. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 13. 1897.

Scarcely forked, the rather short sometimes red branches with basal
cataphyls only, dioecious?. Internodes short (2-3x10-25 mm.), terete,
fleshy, more or less papillate. Cataphyls a single pair toward the base,
or two such pairs, blunt and widely spreading. Leaves minute, scale-
like. Spikes more or less clustered, moderate (20, becoming 30 mm. long),
with about 4 subglobose joints from very few-flowered to as much as 50-
flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle nearly suppressed : scales ciliate. Fruit
ellipsoidal, 4x5 mm., somewhat wrinkled but not verrucose: sepals in-
flexed but scarcely meeting. — Plate 210.

Brazilian region ( ? exclusively) on Miconia and Melastomaceae. —
The type from Rio de Janeiro.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, (Glaziou, 10898, —
the type). Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro (fRose & Russell, 20369). S.
Paulo (Glaziou, 11608). Goyaz (Glaziou, 22023).

48. TUNAEFORMES.

Leaves reduced to small scales. Shoots very thin and flat. Cataphyls
a single pair, on the basal joint only. Flowers in 4+2 series. Fruit
ovoid, granular, with parted sepals. Brazil.

Internodes elliptical-oblong. P. tunaeforme.

PHORADENDRON TUNAEFORME Eichler.

Phoradendron tunaeforme Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 108. pi. 32. 1868.
Viscum tunaeforme de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 284. 1830.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the elongated branches with basal
cataphyls only, androgynous. Internodes short (1-5x20-30 mm.), greatly
flattened, slightly papillate, striately ribbed. Cataphyls a single nearly
basal pair, tubular-bifid. Leaves minute, scale-like. Spikes more or less
clustered, very short (5 mm.), usually of a single joint about 6-flowered
in 4+2 series : peduncle nearly suppressed : scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit
ovoid, 3x4 mm., granular: sepals parted. — Plate 210.

Brazilian region. — The type from Musquitos.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Serra de S. Feliz, Musquitos (PoTd,
1928, 1839, — the type of V. tunaeforme, and of V. articulatum Pohl in
herb.). Piauhy (Gardner, 1958). Lagoa Santa (Warming, 17, 384).
Goyaz (Glaziou, 22024). Pernambuco (Schenck, 4238). Maracas, Bahia
(Ule, 6948). Bahia (v. Martius). Araraquara, S. Paulo (Lofgren, 1074).
Without locality (Vauthier).

142 THE GENUS PHOEADENDJJUJS

E. PARADOXAE.

Cataphyls on alternate joints or in pne species on all joints, the
branches normally percurrent. Always glabrous and with foliage leaves.
Venezuela.

Cataphyls 2 or 3 deeply tubular pairs. FENDLERIANAE.

49. FENDLERIANAE.

Leaves moderate, rather thick and dull, somewhat obscurely basi-
nerved. Shoots nearly terete when with cataphyls or strongly ancipital
when without them. Cataphyls mostly 2 or 3 pairs, on all joints or in
one species on every alternate joint. Spikes moderate, usually with rath-
er large scales. Flowers in 6 series. Fruit round, smooth, with nearly
closed sepals. Venezuela and Guiana.

Cataphyls on all joints. P. Fendlerianum.

Cataphyls on alternate joints only. P. paradoxum.

PHORADENDRON FENDLERIANUM Eichler.

Phoradendron Fendlerianum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5.
pt. 2. p. 129. 1868.

Scarcely forked, the rather long branches with cataphyls on all joints,
dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-3x50-80 mm.), smooth, somewhat
compressed above. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair followed by a second
or even a third pair at intervals of 10-20 mm. or more, tubular. Leaves
round-ovate or elliptical, sometimes oblique, very obtuse or emarginate,
5-7x8-9 cm., rather abruptly petioled for some 10 mm. Spikes clustered,
rather long (50-60 mm.), with about 5 clavate joints scarcely 24-flowered
in 6 series when pistillate: peduncle some 10 mm. long, usually with 1
or 2 pairs of basal scales : scale-pairs forming rather deep truncate cups.
Fruit round, smooth, 4 mm. in diameter: sepals inflexed but slightly
parted.— Plate 211.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1102, — the
type).

PHORADENDRON PARADOXUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum paradoxum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 8.
1897.

Scarcely forked, the moderate branches with cataphyls on alternate
joints, dioecious?. Internodes rather long (2-7x50-90 mm.) and subterete
when with cataphyls, shorter (scarcely 50 mm.) and sharply ancipitally
flattened when lacking them, smooth. Cataphyls a pair some 5 mm. above

AEQUATORIALES— CONTINUAE

143

the base, and a second pair at about the middle of the joint, tubular.
Leaves round-ovate, very obtuse, 3-5x6-8 cm., rather abruptly petioled
for some 10-15 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, rather long (60 mm.), with
half a dozen oblong joints some 30- to 60-flowered in 6 series when stam-
inate : peduncle scarcely 5 mm. long : scale pairs forming rather slender
truncate cups. Fruit?. — Plate 212.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Karsten, 5, — the type).

Very like the preceding except in its internodes, and possibly repre-
senting its staminate form.

F. CONTINUAE.

Cataphyls on all joints, even when the stem is percurrent. Always
glabrous and with foliage leaves. Throughout the range of the Aequa-
toriales.

Stem always or prevailingly percurrent. . PERCURRENTES.

Stem cymose or dichotomous, rarely if ever percurrent. DICHOTOMAE.

III. PERCURRENTES.
Branches percurrent, even when frequently forked.

Cataphyls bearing flower-spikes in their axils.* CRASSIFOLIAE.

Cataphyls not subtending spikes.
Leaves penninerved.

Thick, dull, and opaque. PIPEROIDES.

Chartaceous, glossy and veiny. P. racemosum.

Leaves basinerved.

Large, fleshy, dimidiate. P. obliquum.

Moderate in size and thickness.
Equally nerved on both sides.
Cataphyls 1 pair.
Cataphyls 2 or 3 pairs.
Flowers in 2 ranks.
Flowers in 6 ranks.

Venulose above, heavy-nerved beneath.
Spikes many-flowered.
Spikes slender, few-flowered.
Very narrow, linear.

GARDNERIANAE.

P. Jenmani.
P. Fendlerianum.

FLAVENTES.

P. laxiflorum.

P. linearifolium.

*For comparable cases in other groups see P. craspedophyllum, and, as exceptions,
P. Eggersii, P. Glaziovii and P. Wattii. Flower-scars have been observed in the axils
of cataphyls in P. longipetiolatum.

144 THE GENUS PHOEADENDRON

50. CRASSIFOLIAE.

Leaves large, ovate, thick, but rather heavily basinerved. Shoots te-
rete. Cataphyls on all joints, — several pairs, of which the upper are
more or less deciduous and uniformly fertile. Flowers in 4+2 or 6
series. Fruit round, nearly smooth, with closed sepals. Brazil to Cen-
tral America and the West Indies.

Leaves very thick and dull : fruit yellowish. P. crassifolium.

Leaves thinner and glossier : fruit red. P. martinicense.

PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM Eichler.

PJioradendron crassifolium Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 125. pi. 40. 1868.

Viscum crassifolium Pohl in de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 280. 1830.
Phoradendron pepericarpum A. Gray, U. S. Explor. Exped. . . . Wilkes.

vol. 15. pt. 1, Botany, Phanerogamia. p. 742. 1854.
Phoradendrum crassifolium Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 51. 1897, —

as to the mainland.

Occasionally pseudodichotomous, the branches with cataphyls on all
joints, androgynous. Internodes rather long (2-4x60-80 mm.), terete.
Cataphyls a sterile basal pair sometimes rather closely followed by 2 or
3 other sterile pairs, and about 3 floriferous pairs spaced along the other-
wise leafless joint, subannular. Leaves more or less lanceolately or ellip-
tically ovate, obtuse or blunt-pointed, 3x8 to 8-10x16 cm., rounded at
base or attenuate for 5-20 mm. Spikes sometimes terminal as well as
axillary and occasionally forming a compound terminal inflorescence
from the suppression of foliage near the summit, often clustered, mod-
erate (30 mm.), with about 5 round-fusiform joints scarcely 10-flowered
in 4+2 or 6 series : peduncle 5 mm. long, often with as many as 5 pairs
of crowded scales. Fruit (said to be yellowish) subglobose, slightly low-
granular, 4 mm. in diameter : sepals closely inflexed. — Plates 213, 214.

Brazil to Central America, on Bertiera, Coffea, Macrocnemum, Mico-
nia, Rondeletia, Schinus, etc. — The type from Brazil.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Serra d'Ourada (Pohl, 457, 1839, —
the type of V. crassifolium; Luschnath; Claussen, 43; Sello, 5266).
Organ Mts. (Wilkes Exped., — the type of P. pepericarpum). Rio de
Janeiro (Riedel; Glaziou, 1432-3, 1460, 4004 in part, 4005, 7666, 14884;
v. Martius; Wied-Neuwied; Peckolt, 624; Hieronymus & Niederlein,
1878; Ule, 4598, — with nearly sessile leaves 3x5 cm.). S. Paulo (Burch-
ell, 3124, 3165; Lofgren, 799). Rio Negro (Spruce, 1563; v. Martius).
Lagoa Santa (Warming, 373). Sta. Catarina (Pabst, 554 in part; Ule,
179). Mattogrosso (Moore, 534). Campinas (de Campos Novaes, 417
in part). Piauhy (Gardner, 2620). Pernambuco (Gardner, 2881 —

AEQUATORIALES— PIPEROIDES 145

sometimes labeled as from Piauhy). Rio Colcoene, Para (Ducke, 2513).
Without locality (Guillemin, 43). BOLIVIA. Yungas (Rusby, 1387; Bang,
657). Mapiri (Rusby, as host of 1543). Tipuani, Guanai (Bang, 1717).
Tumupasa (Williams, 428, 594). PERU. La Merced (Weberbauer, I860).
Mayobamba (Martens, 1622 — with leaves 9x16 cm., acuminately pro-
duced as in var. Pittieri) . VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 2396). With-
out locality. (Linden, 43). BRITISH GUIANA. (Jenman, 1217, 2533, 3628,
•7433).

Two Bazilian forms, sufficiently characterized by their names, are var.
wultiflora Eichler, 1. c. p. 125, from Sabara, Minas Geraes (Riedel). San-
tarem, Para (Spruce, 732, 904), and Ega, Amazonas (Poeppig, 2859,—
as Viscum egense MS.) — PI. 214; and var. parvifolia Eichler, 1. c. p. 125,
from Capocabana, Minas Geraes (Luschnath, 1839). A Central Amer-
ican form characterized by its bluntly acuminate large leaves, may be
known as var. Pittieri: — COSTA RICA. Buenos Aires (Pittier, 3902, 6580),
General (Pittier, 3901). Boruca (Tonduz, 6863— the type). BRITISH
HONDURAS. Toledo (Peck, 824).— Plate 215.

Phoradendron martinicense n. comb.
Viscum martinicense de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 280. 1830.

Closely resembling P. crassifolium, with which it is commonly united,
but differing in its rather thinner glossier leaves and apparently red
fruit.— Plate 216.

Caribbean region. — The type from Martinique.

Specimens examined: — CARIBBEES. MARTINIQUE (Sieber, 227, — the
type of V. martinicense; Belanger, 130; Duss, 101 in part, 1374b; Hahn,
298). GUADELOUPE (Duss, 2969 in part, 3891, 3902 in part, 3904 in part,
4137a). TRINIDAD (Broadway, 2596).

51. PIPEROIDES.

Leaves moderate, broadly lanceolate or ovate, thick with a prominent
midrib and obscurely pinnately veined beneath. Shoots quickly terete.
Cataphyls on all joints, usually several pairs on the lowermost. Spikes
rather slender, red. Flowers in 4, 4+2 or 6 series. Fruit ellipsoid, rath-
er warty, with nearly closed sepals. South America to Mexico and the
West Indies.

Leaves lanceolate to ovate or elliptical. P. piperoides.

Phoradendron piperoides n. comb.

Viscum latifolium Swartz, Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. vol. 1. p. 268. 1797,— not
Lamarck.

146 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Loranthus piperoides Iluinboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. vol.

3. p. 443. 1818.

L. torulosus Huniboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, I. c. 1818.
Viscum tereticaule and var. cubense de Candolle, Prodromus, vol. 4. p.

280. 1830.

V. saururoides de Candolle, I. c. 1830.
V. piperoides de Candolle, I. c. p. 281. 1830.
y. Schottii Pohl in de Candolle, I. c. p. 281. 1830.
V. Fockeanum Miquel, Linnaea. vol. 18. p. 60. 1844.
V. cornifolium Prcsl, Epimel. Bot. p. 254. 1849.
y. ellipticum Presl. I. c. 1849.
y. laurifolium Presl, I. c. p. 255. 1849.
Phoradendron Schottii A. Gray, U. S. P]xplor. Exped. . . . Wilkes. vol.

15. pt. 1, Botany, Phanerogamia. p. 742. 1854.
P. latifolium Grisebach, Fl. Br. W. I. p. 314. I860.— Eichler in v. Mar-

tius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 126. pi. 41, — and most writers.
P. laurifolium Eichler, I. c. p. 107. 1868.
Viscum teretifolium Hemsley, Biol. Centr.-Amcr. vol. 3. p. 85. 1882,—

name only, by error for tereticaule.
Phoradendron tereticaule Index Kewensis. vol. 3. p. 503. 1894, — name

only.

P. Biolleyi Krause, Notizbl. K. Bot. Gart. Dahlem. vol. 5. p. 264. 1912.
Phoradendrum latifolium Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 49. 1897.

Rather frequently pseudodichotomous or forking, the branches with
cataphyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes rather long (2-4x40-100
mm.), slightly compressed above, quickly becoming terete. Cataphyls
1 or 2-5 pairs toward the base of the lowest joint, a single pair nearly
basal or 10-15 mm. above the base of the other joints, subannular, white-
margined. Leaves lanceolate to round ovate, mucronately subacute or
bluntly acuminate, 1.5x5 to mostly 2.5-5x6-10 or occasionally 7x12 cm.,
subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes mostly clustered, usually dull red,
rather long (30-60 mm.), with half a dozen rather slender joints some
10- to 15-flowered in 4, 4+2 or exceptionally 6 series : peduncle 2-3 mm.
long. Fruit yellow or orange, ovoid or ellipsoid, warty to smooth, 4x5
mm. : sepals ascending, usually somewhat parted. — Plates 217, 218, 219,
220, 221, 222..

Argentina to Mexico and the West Indies, in a multitude of forms,
on numerous dicotyledonous hosts. Should better knowledge of the plants
in nature render possible a segregation of these forms, the types already
named would center as follows: — Antilles, y. latifolium, V. tereticaule,
and V. tereticaule cubense (PI. 221) ; Andes, L. piperoides and L. toru-
losus (PI. 220) ; Brazil, y. Schottii (PI. 217) ; Cayenne, y. saururoides
(PI. 221) and V. Fockeanum; Central America, P. Biolleyi; Mexico, V.

AEQUATORIALE&— PIPEROIDE8 147

cornifolium (PI. 222), V. ellipticum (PI. 222), and V. laurifolium (PI.
218).

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. CUBA (de la Ossa, — the type of
V. tereticaule cubense; Baker, 2602; Britton, Cowell & Shafer, 12928;
Dewey, 644; Eggers, 4668, 4724, 4902; Linden, 1960; Maxon, 4337; Ru-
gel, 270; Shafer, 331, 3270, 8116, 8517, 8601, 8607, 8737; Underwood &
Earle, 1311; Van Hermann, 4887; Wright, 216=1251a, 217). JAMAICA
(Britton, 2687; Harris, 10339). SANTO DOMINGO (Wright, Parry &
Brummel, 46!)). HAITI (Christ, 2232; Nash and Taylor, 1251; Picarda,
1605). PUERTO Rico (Britton, Stevens & Hess, 2470, 4888; Hess, 1913;
Sintenis, 339, 339c, 1270, 1388, 4154, 4391, 4494, 4614, 4840). CARIBBEES.
GUADELOUPE (Duss, 2969 in part. DOMINICA (Ramage, 1888). MAR-
TINIQUE (Duss, 101 and 4418 in part). GRENADA (Broadway, 1021b, 1873;
(Eggers, 6077, 6396). ST. VINCENT (Smith, 245 in part, 248). TOBAQO
(Broadway, 3982). TRINIDAD (Crueger, 1649, 2724; Fendler, 654; Hart,
6118; Kuntze, 679; Lunt, 6118). CAYENNE REGION. BRITISH GUIANA
(Hostmann or Ilostmann & Kappler, 729 in part; Jenman, 650, 1218,
2221, 2545, 3781, 3868, 4747; Wullschlaegel, 991). SURINAM? (Schom-
burgk; Herb. Torrey. ex. herb. Schweinitz.) . FRENCH GUIANA (Gabriel,
1802; Mus. Paris, 198; Patris; Perrottet, 229,— the type of V. sauru-
roides, 1820; Poiteau, 1819-1821, 1824; Sagot, 296). BRAZIL. Tingua
(Pohl, 246, 4319, 1828,— the type of V. Schottii; Schott). Ceara (Gard-
ner, 1678). Nouvelle Fribourg (Claussen, 44-5). Piauhy (Gardner,
1960, — sometimes labeled as from Ceara). Para (Sieber). Ilha Mexicana.
Para (Guedes, 2365). Ilha Marajo, Para (Ducke, 2530b). Alagoas
(Gardner, 1320). Blumenau (Vie, 850). Sta. Catarina (Holler; Pabst,
554 in part). S. Paulo (Noack). Puerto Alegro (Czermak & Reineck,
367). Serra de S. Ignacio (Niederlein, 171). Matto Grosso (Meyer, 720;
Robert, 522). Rio de Janeiro (Beyrich; Glaziou, 1428, 1431, 1435, 4008,
7661; Riedel; Schenck, 2132; Sello, 498; Vie, 4800; Weddell, 378). "East
Brazil" (Luschnath, 1835; Wied-Neuwied, 1829). Without locality
(Burchell, 3313; Claussen; Lund, 385; v. Seneloh, 259). PARAGUAY.
Asuncion (Balansa, 2498). Rio Tebicuari (Kuntze, 16). Cordillera de
Altos (Fiebrig,511 ; Hassler, 913). Paraguari (Balansa, 4722) . Tobaty
(Fiebrig, 51; Hassler, 6364). "South Paraguay" (Kuntze, 17). AR-
<;I:XTINA. Cordillera de Mesconas (Niederlein, 1277). PERU. Without
locality (Ruiz). ECUADOR. Bodega (Sodiro, 1872). Nanegal (Sodiro,
1874). Paloo (Eggers, 14340). Without locality (Eggers, 1 400; Sodiro,
148/28). COLOMBIA. Popayan (Bonpland, 1871,— the type of L. pipe-
roides; Bonpland, 3808,— the type of L. torulosus). Sta. Martha (Smith,
1278). VENEZUELA. Quique (Fendler, 112). PANAMA. Sabana de la
Tortuga, Chiriqui (Pittier, 3345). Caldera, Chiriqui (Pittier, 3357).
ChagreH (Fendler, 136). Mindi, (Hayes, 616). Bismarck (Williams,

148 THE GENUS PHOEADEND8ON

255). COSTA RICA. San Mateo (Biolley, 7072; 7078, 1892,.— the type of
P. Biolleyi). Buenos Aires (Pittier, 3903). Juis (Tonduz, 11458-9).
Without locality (Oersted, 3, 3086, in part). NICARAGUA. Bluefields
(Herb. Grisebach.). GUATEMALA. Patalul, Solola (Kellerman, 5822).
Torola, Escuintla (Smith, 2039). Cubilquitz, Alta Verazaz (v. Tuerck-
heim,8745). BRITISH HONDURAS. Toledo (Peck, 530). Manatee Lagoon
(Peck, 444). MEXICO. "Temperate East Mexico" (Leibold, — the type of
V. laurifolium). Without locality (Haenke, — the types of V. corni-
folium and V. ellipticum). Fortin (Kerber, 301). Orizaba to Cordoba
(Bourgeau, 1962,2175). Zacuapam (Purpus, 3693, 3806, 1912). El Mira-
dor (Sartorius; Galeotti, 2695; Liebmann). Motzorongo (J. G. Smith,
263).

The distinctly hexastichous forma hexasticha, which Urban, under
Phoradendrum, (Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 3. 1897) bases upon
Viscum cornifolium Presl (PL 222), is further represented from Mexico
(Smith, 263), and finds a counterpart in certain Ecuadorean specimens
(Sodiro, 1872, 1874, 148/28) . Ule's no. 4800, from about Rio de Janeiro,
presents the exceptional phenomenon in the genus of somewhat branched
spikes in some cases, and may be known as f . composita.

52. GARDNERIANAE.

Leaves rather small, more or less indistinctly basinerved. Shoots sub-
terete or variously compressed, sometimes very thin and flat. Cataphyls
a single basal pair on each joint. Flowers in 4 or 4+2 series. Fruit
ovoid, smooth, with parted sepals. South America.

Shoots subterete.

Leaves ovate, broad (2 cm.). P. Gardnerianum.

Leaves lanceolate, moderate (1.5 cm.). P. essequibense.
Leaves elliptical, moderate (1 cm.).

Shoots terete. . P. strongyloclados.

Shoots somewhat compressed. P. Johnstoni.
Leaves oblong, narrow (.5 cm.).

Leaves falcate. P. surinamense.

Leaves not falcate. P. Caesalpiniae.

Shoots flat, often greatly dilated. P. platycaulon.

PHORADENDRON GARDNERIANUM (Urban).

Phoradendrum Gardnerianum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p.
11. 1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous or cymosely forked, the moderate
branches with cataphyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes mod-
erate (2-3x40-70 mm.), quickly terete. Cataphyls a single basal pair, or

AEQUATORIALES— GAEDNEEIANAE 149

this closely followed by a second on the lowermost joint, tubular-bifid,
white-margined. Leaves ovate, very obtuse, 2-2.5x3-4 cm., quickly nar-
rowed to the sessile base. Spikes mostly solitary, rather short (25 mm.),
with about 4 plump joints some 6-flowered in 4-}-2 series : peduncle very
short, sometimes followed by a partly sterile joint. Fruit (immature)
ovoid, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals ascending, nearly or quite meet-
ing.—Plate 223.

Brazilian region. — The type from Piauhy.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Piauhy (Gardner, 2885, the type).

Phoradendron essequibense n. sp.

Frequently forked, the moderate branches with cataphyls on all
joints, androgynous?. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, short-tubular,
bifid. Leaves lanceolate or ovate, mucronately obtuse or bluntly acumin-
ate to subacute, 1-1.5x4 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes solitary, short
(15 mm.), with about 3 clavate rather slender joints verticillately 4-flow-
ered: peduncle almost suppressed. Fruit?. — Plate 223.

Cayenne region. — The type from Demerara.

Specimens examined: — BRITISH GUIANA (Jenman, 2252, Aug. 1886,
the type) .

PHORADENDRON STRONGYLOCLADOS Eichler.

Plioradendron strongyloclados Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5.
pt. 2. p. 109. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous or verticillate, or cymosely forked,
the moderate branches with cataphyls on all joints, androgynous. Inter-
nodes moderate (2x25-80 mm.), quickly terete. Cataphyls a single basal
pair, tubular-parted. Leaves elliptical, obtuse, about 1x2-3 or 4 cm.,
cuneately sessile. Spikes more or less clustered, short (10-15 mm.), with
about 3 very short joints verticillately about 4-flowered: peduncle
scarcely 3 mm. long, usually with a basal pair of scales. Fruit ovoid,
3x4 mm., smooth, golden-glistening: sepals erect, widely parted. — Plate
224.

Brazilian region. — The type from Pernambuco.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco (Gardner, 1029, — the
type) . Goyaz ( Gardner, 3205) .

Phoradendron Johnston! n. sp.

Regularly forked, the moderate branches with cataphyls on all joints,
androgynous?. Internodes rather short (2-3x20-50 mm.), at first com-
pressed but the lower terete. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, short-

150 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

tubular or almost annular. Leaves elliptical, obtuse, .6-1x2-3 em., rather
abruptly sessile. Spikes solitary, short (scarcely 15 mm.), with 2 or 3
plump joints verticillately 4-flowered : peduncle almost suppressed. Fruit
ellipsoid, smooth, 4x5 mm. : sepals erect, parted. — Plate 225.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Cocke Island (Johnston, 10,
Aug. 5, 1903,— the type).

PHORADENDRON SURINAMENSE Pulle.

PTioradendron surinamense Pulle, Enum. Vase. PI. ... Surinam, p. 155.
pi. 1906.

More or less pseudodichotomous or divaricately cruciform, the mod-
erate branches with cataphyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes
moderate (2x40-60 mm.), quickly terete. Cataphyls a single nearly basal
pair, short-tubular. Leaves somewhat f alcately oblong or lanceolate, ob-
tuse, .5x2.5-4.5 cm., sessile. Spikes mostly solitary, short (10 mm.), with
some 3 clavately thickened joints about 6-flowered in 4+2 series : pedun-
cle 2-3 mm. long, often with a basal pair of scales. Fruit?. — Plate 226.

Cayenne region. — The type from Surinam.

Specimens examined: — SURINAM (Versteeg, 239, 1903, — the type).

PHORADENDRON CAESALPINIAE Ule.
Phoradendron Caesalpiniae Ule, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 42. p. 200. 1908.

More or less pseudodichotomous or fascicled. The rather long
branches with cataphyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes rather
long (2x50-100 mm.), varnished, terete. Cataphyls a single basal pair,
annular. Leaves narrowly elliptical-oblong, obtuse, .5x3 cm., sessile.
Spikes more or less clustered, short (15-20 mm.), with about 3 tumid
joints about 6-flowered in 4+2 series : peduncle about 3 mm. long, with
a basal pair of scales. Fruit (immature) ovoid, smooth, 3x4 mm. : sepals
erect, parted. — Plate 225.

Brazilian region on Caesalpinia etc. — The type from Bahia.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Calderao, Bahia (Ule, 7243, Oct.
1906, the type).

PHORADENDRON PLATYCAULON Eichler.

Plioradendron platycaulon Eiehler, in v. Martius, Fl. Brazil, vol. 5. pt. 2.
p. 108. pi. 33. 1868.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2x40-60 mm.),
flattened or dilated to a width of 5-8 mm. and striate. Leaves oblong

AEQUATORIALES— FLAVENTES 151

cr elliptical, mucronately very obtuse, .3-.5x3-4 cm., or .8x2 cm., quickly
subsessile. Spikes more or less clustered, short (15, becoming scarcely 25
mm.), with about 3 swollen joints verticillately 4- to 6-flowered: peduncle
scarcely 2 mm. long, sometimes with a basal pair of scales. Fruit red
or yellow, ovoid, smooth, 3x5 mm. : sepals erect, parted. — Plate 227.

Brazilian region. — The type from Para.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Barra, Rio Negro (Spruce, 1850-51;
Riedel; v. Martins}. Santarem, Para (Spruce, 1=226, 2=228, 1849-50,
—the type). Rio de Janeiro (Glaziou, 13925a). CAYENNE. Without data
( ?Herb. Mus. Paris.).

53. FLAVENTES.

Leaves rather large, lanceolate or ovate, usually sharply basinerved
and reticulate above, but heavy-nerved and veinless beneath. Shoots 2-
edged to nearly terete. Cataphyls on all joints, usually 2 or 3 pairs on
the lowermost and a single pair at some distance above the base on the
others, triangular, keeled and pointed. Flowers usually in 6 series. Fruit
rather ellipsoid, nearly smooth, with closed sepals. Central and South
America ; one species in the West Indies.

Flowers in 6 series.

Leaves dull and veinless : peduncles long. P. pachyphyllum.

Leaves glossy and reticulated above.

Peduncle rather long. P. Knoopii.

Peduncle short.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate.

Spikes very long, with elongated joints.

Leaves moderate (4x6 cm.). P. chrysocladon.
Leaves large (5x10 cm.). P. membranaceum.
Spikes with short joints. P. quinquenervium.

Leaves lanceolate.

Moderate, subsessile.

Shoots scarcely keeled. P. supravenulosum.
Shoots sharply 2-lined. P. flavens.

Large, more petioled. P. trisulcatum.

Flowers in about 8 (6-10) series.

Spikes relatively slender, short-stalked. P. Urbanianum.

Spikes very stout : peduncle elongated. P. Lindavianum.

Phoradendron pachyphyllum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (3-5x60-80 mm.),
nearly smooth, 2-edged. Cataphyls a single pair 10-15 mm. above the
base, deltoid, keeled and pointed. Leaves round-elliptical, obtuse, 5-6x7-9

152 THE GENUS PHOBADENDEON

cm., wing-petioled for 10 mm., 3- to 5-nerved, drying rather thick and
veinless. Spikes solitary, long (100 mm.), with about 5 elongated joints
some 40- to 60-flowered in 6 series: peduncle 10-15 mm. long, the lower
scales forming large funnel-shaped tubes. Fruit (very immature) ap-
parently round, nearly smooth : sepals inflexed. — Plate 228.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Tovar (Fendler, 1103, 1103/3,—
the type).

Phoradendron Knoopii Warburg n. sp.

Plioradendron Knoopii Warburg, Tropenpflanzer. vol. 9. p. 635. 1905, —
name only.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x60-80 mm.),
granular, subterete. Cataphyls usually a nearly basal pair followed by a
second pair some 25 mm. higher on the lowest joint, solitary and 15-20
mm. above the base on the others, deltoid, keeled and pointed. Leaves
lanceolate to elliptical, mucronately obtuse to long-acuminate, 3-6.5x6-9
or 10 cm., wing-petioled for some 5-10 mm., 5-nerved, drying thin and
orange. Spikes mostly solitary, long (50 mm. or more), with some 4
oblong joints about 40-flowered in 6 series : peduncle about 5 mm. long.
Fruit yellow, round, nearly smooth, 3 mm. in diameter: sepals closely
inflexed.— Plate 228.

Venezuelan region. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Caracas (Knoop, Hi &., 1905,
the type).

PHORADENDRON CHRYSOCLADON A. Gray.

Phoradendron chrysocladon A. Gray, U. S. Explor. Exped. . . . Wilkes.

vol. 15. pt. 1, Botany, Phanerogamia. p. 743. 1854.
P. flavum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 106. 1868,—

as to Brazil.
P. flavens Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2. p. 116, for the

most part. 1868.
Phoradendrum reticulatum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 12.

1897.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, drying yellow, androgynous?. Internodes moderate
(2-5x40-80 mm.), minutely cellular-papillate, the upper ancipital or 2-
edged. Cataphyls a single pair about 5 mm. above the base, or several
on the lowermost joint, very short and broad, keeled and pointed. Leaves
round-ovate, acuminate and often recurved at tip, 3-4x5-7 cm., rather
abruptly wing-petioled for 5-10 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate
to long (20-30, lengthening to 50-80 mm. in fruit), with 3-8 oblong joints

AEQUATORIALES— FLAVENTES 153

20- to 30-flowered in 4-f2 or 6 series : peduncle about 3 mm. long, often
followed by a sterile joint: scales forming rather large funnel-shaped
tubes. Fruit round-ovoid, nearly smooth, 4 mm. in diameter: sepals
closely innexed.— Plates 229, 230.

Brazilian region ( ? exclusively) on Tapira. — The type from Rio de
Janeiro.

Specimens examined : — BRAZIL. Near Rio de Janeiro ( Wilkes Exped.,
1838-42, — the type; Riedel). Villa Nova, near Rio de Janeiro (Glaziou,
7664, May 1874, — the type of P. reticulatum) . Bahia (Saltzmann, 302}.

Phoradendron membranaceum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x50-80 mm.),
striate, terete. Cataphyls nearly basal, broadly triangular, keeled and
pointed. Leaves lanceolate to very broadly elliptical, acuminate at both
ends, 5-7.5x10-13 cm., subpetioled for about 10 mm., 5-nerved, drying
green and thin. Spikes mostly solitary, long (50, becoming 90 or 100
mm.), with half a dozen joints some 30-flowered in 6 series: peduncle
5 mm. long. Fruit (immature) subglobose, smooth, 3 mm. in diameter:
sepals closely indexed. — Plate 231.

Andean region. — The type from Ecuador.

Specimens examined: — ECUADOR. S. Miguel (Sodiro, 148/18, 1883,—
the type). Naneg (Sodiro, e).

PHORADENDRON QUINQUENERVIUM Krause.

Phoradendron quinquenervium Krause, Notizbl. K. Bot. Gart. Dahlem.
vol. 5. p. 264. 1912.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-5x40-60 mm.),
rather granular, somewhat hexagonal or 2-edged above. Cataphyls a
single pair, 5-10 mm. above the base, triangular, keeled and pointed.
Leaves elliptical or lance-ovate, abruptly short-acuminate, 3-3.5x6-7 cm.,
abruptly subsessile. Spikes mostly solitary, rather long (40-60 mm.),
with about 10 short rounded joints some 24-flowered in 6 series : peduncle
almost suppressed. Fruit?. — Plate 231.

Isthmian region. — The type from Costa Rica.

Specimens examined: — COSTA RICA. Juiz (Tonduz, 11457,— Nov.
1897,— the type).

154 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Phoradendron supravemilosum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-60 mm.),
somewhat granular, more or less hexagonally lined above. Cataphyls a
single pair, 5-10 mm. above the base, deltoid, keeled and pointed. Leaves
obliquely broadly lanceolate, more or less acuminately pointed, 3-6x9-12
cm., rather gradually subsessile, 5-nerved. Spikes mostly clustered, rather
long (40-70 mm.), with about 10 short joints covered by some 24-40 flow-
ers in 6 series: peduncle almost suppressed. Fruit (immature) appar-
ently to be elongated and somewhat granular : sepals closely inflexed. —
Plate 232.

Guatemalan and Isthmian regions on Coffea, Piper, Siparuma, etc. —
The type from Guatemala.

Specimens examined: — GUATEMALA. Cubilquitz, Alta Verapaz (v.
Tuerckheim, 7967, 8574, Aug. 1903 — the type). NICARAGUA. Chontales
(Tate,"129 (198)," 1867-8). COSTARICA. Tucurrique (Tonduz, 12749).
Without locality (Endres, 139).

PHORADENDRON FLAVENS Grisebach.

PTioradendron flavens Grisebach, Fl. Br. W. I. p. 313. 1860.

Viscum flavens Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 32. 1788. — de Candolle,

Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 282.

V. macrophyllum Macfadyen, Fl. Jamaica, vol. 2. p. 195. 1850.
Phoradendrum flavens Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 50. 1897, — as to

the Antilles.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the rather long branches with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes moderate (3-5x40-80 mm.),
granular, 2-keeled with decussate rotation at the nodes and cataphyls.
Cataphyls 2 or 3 pairs on the lower third of the lowest joint, a single pair
some 10 mm. above the base of the others, broadly triangular, keeled and
pointed. Leaves more or less obliquely acuminate, 4-7x some 10-15 cm.,
cuneately subpetioled, 5- to 7-nerved. Spikes more or less clustered,
rather long (20-35, lengthening to 60 mm.), with half a dozen rather
short joints some 24-flowered in 6 series: peduncle almost suppressed,
often followed by a sterile joint. Fruit yellow, ovoid, nearly smooth,
3x4 mm. : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 233.

Antillean region ( ? exclusively) on Guarea. — The type from Jamaica.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. JAMAICA. (McFadyen, — the type
of V. macropyllum; Purdie; Harris, 6203; Britton, 180, 3968; Watt,
6219).

AEQUATOEIALES— FLAVENTES 155

Phoradendron flavens australe n. var.

Differing from the type, as pointed out by Urban (Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24.
p. 51.), in its 3- to 5-nerved leaves, nearly twice as numerous 12- to 20-
flowered spike-joints, and rounder white berries.

Caribbean region ( ? exclusively) on Inga. — The type from St. Vin-
cent.

Specimens examined: — CARIBBEES. DOMINICA (Imray, 216, 386;
Lloyd, 208; Eggers, 661, 946). ST. VINCENT (Eggers, 6746, — the type;
Guilding; Smith, 374). GRENADA (Broadway, 1019; Eggers, 6398).
TRINIDAD (Crueger, 111, 2720; Hooker herb.).

Phoradendron trisulcatum n. sp.

More or less pseudodichotomous, the long branches with cataphyls on
all joints, androgynous?. Internodes long (2-5x100 mm. or more), gran-
ular, somewhat ancipital. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair followed at
some 30 mm. by a second on the lowest joint, a single pair 15-20 mm.
above the base of the others, very broad, keeled and pointed. Leaves
f alcately lanceolate to round-elliptical, acute at both ends, 4-9x14-16 cm.,
wing-petioled for 10 mm., sulcately 3-nerved above. Spikes mostly soli-
tary, moderate (20-30 mm.), with 4-7 joints some 18-flowered in 4+2
series : peduncle nearly suppressed. Fruit?. — Plate 234.

Andean region. — The type from Ecuador.

Specimens examined: — ECUADOR. Mt. Chimborazo, at 2500-3000 ft.
(Spruce, 6202, Aug. I860,— the type).

PHORADENDRON URBANIANUM Ule.

Phoradendron Urbanianum Ule, Verhandl. Bot. Verein Prov. Branden-
burg, vol. 48. p. 157. 1906.

Scarcely forked, drying olive, the moderate branches with cataphyls
on all joints, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2-4x40-60 mm.), some-
what granular, quickly terete, dilated below the nodes. Cataphyls a sin-
gle pair about 5 mm. above the base, deltoid, keeled and pointed. Leaves
elliptical-lanceolate, mucronately acuminate to obtuse, 5-7x8-13 cm., cu-
neately wing-petioled for about 10 mm. Spikes solitary, moderate (about
50 mm.), with about 4 oblong joints some 30-flowered in 6 series: pedun-
cle somewhat granular, 3x4 mm. Fruit?. — Plate 234.

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined: — PERU. Cerro de Escaler (Ule, 6681, — the
type).

PHORADENDRON LINDAVIANUM Patschovsky.

Phoradendron Lindavianum Patschovsky, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 45. p. 438.
1911.

1£6 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Scarcely forked, drying golden yellow, the long thick branches with
cataphyls on all joints, dioecious. Internodes long (3-8x100-125 mm.),
granular, somewhat hexagonally flattened, dilated below the nodes. Cata-
phyls a single pair, about 10 mm. above the base, deltoid, keeled and
pointed. Leaves elliptical-ovate, more or less mucroiiately obtuse to
emarginate, 4x9 to 10x15 cm., cuneately wing-petioled for 10 mm. Spikes
solitary, very long (60 to over 100 mm.), with about 4 thick cylindrical
joints often over 100-flowered in about 8 (6-10) series: peduncle gran-
ular, 5-10 mm. long. Fruit (immature) elongated, nearly smooth, 3x5
mm. : sepals closely inflexed. — Plate 235.

Andean region ( ? exclusively) on Aralia. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined : — PERU. Catani, between Sandia and Chunchus-
mayo (Weberbauer, 1288, July 25, 1902, — the type). Cucharo (Poep-
pig, 1829-30, in the Vienna herbarium) .

IV. DICHOTOMAE.

Normally forking at every node, the branches therefore not percur-
rent though sometimes ending in a flower-spike.

Leaves basinerved.

Venulose above, obscurely nerved beneath. HUALLAGENSES.

Equally nerved and veiny on both sides, or opaque.

Small. GARDNERIANAE.

Moderate or large.

Coriaceous or moderately thin.

With terminal spikes in the forks. CYMOSAE.

Not cymose. P. Jenmani.

Very large and thick, dimidiate. P. obliquum.

Leaves penninerved.
Thick and flat.

Obscurely nerved. P. Norfhropiae.

Evanescently heavy-nerved. P. Eggersii.

Chartaceous, veiny, often revolute. P. racemosum.

54. HUALLAGENSES.

Leaves moderate, acuminately ovate-lanceolate, drying rather thin
with the lower surface smooth but heavily basinerved and the upper re-
ticulately veiny and more or less venulose. Shoots terete. Cataphyls
typically a single pair, nearly basal on all joints, — the branches being
sometimes percurrent, and sometimes cymosely dichotomous, and rarely
without cataphyls on some joints. Flowers in 2 or 4 series. Fruit ovoid,
rather rough, with nearly closed sepals. South America.

Spikes short (20-30 mm.), with short joints. P. Tiuallagense.

Spikes long (50 mm.), with long joints. P. laxiflorum.

AEQUATOBIALES— CYMOSAE 157

PHORADENDRON HUALLAGENSE Ule.

Phoradendron Tiuallagense Ule, Verhandl. Bot. Verein Prov. Branden-
burg, vol. 48. p. 158. 1906.

Cymosely dichotomous, the moderately long slender branches there-
fore with cataphyls on all joints, dioecious?. Internodes moderate (2x
40-60 mm.), striate rather than granular, nearly terete but somewhat
dilated below the nodes. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, triangular,
pointed. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, mucronately acuminate to very obtuse,
2-2.5x5-6 cm., cuneately subsessile. Spikes solitary, short (10, scarcely
lengthening to 30 mm.), with about 4 short joints 4-flowered about the
middle when pistillate; peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long. Fruit white,
elongated, granular-roughened, 2x4 mm. : sepals erect, somewhat parted.
—Plate 237.

Andean region. — The type from Peru.

Specimens examined: — PERU. Huallaga, Loreto (Ule, 6664, — the
type) .

PHORADENDRON LAXIFLORUM Ule.

Phoradendron laxiflorum Ule, Verhandl. Bot. Verein Prov. Brandenburg,
vol. 48. p. 158. 1906.

More or less pseudodichotomous or exceptionally cymosely forked, the
long slender branches with varying cataphyls, dioecious?. Internodes
rather long (2x30-70 mm.), granular, nearly terete but somewhat dilated
below the nodes. Cataphyls typically a single nearly basal pair, excep-
tionally 3 pairs, and on one shoot absent from two internodes, triangular,
keeled and pointed. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, aristately acuminate, 2.5-3x
5-7 cm., rather abruptly wing-petioled for scarcely 5 mm. Spikes soli-
tary, rather long (25, lengthening to 40-50 mm.), with about 5 very slen-
der joints some 10 mm. long 2-flowered near the top when pistillate:
peduncle some 3 mm. long, with a pair of scales toward the base. Fruit
(immature) subellipsoid, nearly smooth, 3x5 mm. : sepals erect, nearly
meeting. — Plate 236.

Brazilian region. — The type from Amazonas.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Sta. Clara, Jurua, Amazonas (Ule,
5251, Oct. 1900,— the type) .

55. CYMOSAE.

Leaves often comparatively large, drying thin and distinctly pal-
mately fine-nerved. Shoots ancipital or terete. Branching cymosely
dichotomous, each internode being succeeded by a spike and 2 axillary
branches, so that all joints are really basal and hence with 1 or usually 2
pairs of cataphyls. Flowers mostly in 6 series. Fruit round, nearly

158 THE GENUS PHORADENDKON

smooth, with closed sepals. South America, the Galapagos Islands, and
the West Indies.

Spikes slender: leaves broadly lanceolate. P. dichotomum.

Spikes moderate.

Leaves broad (1 :2) .
Eound-obovate.

Spike- joints turbinate. P. cymosum.

Spike-joints oblong. P. galapageium.

Broadly lanceolate or ovate. P. Henslovii.

Leaves elongated (1 :5). P. uncinatum.

Spikes stout.

Leaves elongated.

Lanceolate. P. campinense.

Lance-oblong, thick. P. Holtonis.

Leaves orbicular. P. Lindeni.

PHOEADENDRON DICHOTOMUM (Krug & Urban).

Viscum dichotomum Bertero in Sprengel, Syst. vol. 1. p. 488. 1825.
Viscum Berterianum de Candolle, Prodromus. vol. 4. p. 281. 1830.
PTioradendron Berterianum Eichler in v. Martius, Fl. Brasil. vol. 5. pt. 2.

p. 127. 1868.

P. Giordanae Warburg, Tropenpflanzer. vol. 9. p. 635. 1905, — name only.
Phoradendrum dichotomum Krug & Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 24. p. 48.

1897.

Forked at every node, sometimes with a terminal spike, the rather
long slender branches therefore with cataphyls on all joints, androgy-
nous. Internodes rather long (1-3x30-80 mm.), the upper transiently
more or less rhombically compressed. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair fol-
lowed at 10-20 mm. by a second, exceptionally a third pair interposed,
not tubular, acute, white-margined. Leaves lanceolate, mucronately sub-
acute, 2-3x6-9 or even 5x12 cm., euneately subpetioled for scarcely 5 mm.
Spikes mostly solitary, long (40-75 mm.), with about 4 slender joints
some 18- to 40-flowered in 4-(-2 series : peduncle 2 mm. long, followed by
a sterile joint : scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit white, round, nearly smooth,
4 mm. in diameter: sepals inflexed. — Plates 237, 238, 239.

Antillean region on Mangifera, Petitia, Trichttia, etc. — The type
from Santo Domingo.

Specimens examined: — ANTILLES. CUBA (Wright, 216, 437, 1251;
Shafer, 8817}. PUERTO Kico (Sintenis, 23451), 2348, 3058, 4288, 6114,
6419). HAITI (Buch, 454; Christ, 2096; Picarda, 215; Nash, 633; Nash
& Taylor, 1151}. STO. DOMINGO (Bertero, 710, — the type of V. dichoto-
mum, from Sprengel in the Presl herbarium ; Bertero, 1821, — the type of
V. Berterianum; Poiteau, 617, 1802 ; Wright, Parry & Brummel, 464}.

AEQUATORIALES— CYMOSAE 159

An extreme with round-ovate leaves 5-6x7-10 cm., is var. ovatifolia, —
Phoradendrum dickotomum ovatifolium, Krug & Urban, 1. c. p. 49, from
Sto. Domingo (Eggers, 1845).— Plate 239.

PHORADENDRON CYMOSUM (Urban).
Phoradendrum cymosum Urban, Bot. Jahrb. vol. 23. Beibl. 57. p. 7. 1897.

Cymosely dichotomous, the moderate branches therefore with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous. Internodes moderate (2-3x40-60 mm.),
the upper transiently more or less rhombically compressed. Cataphyls a
nearly basal pair, often followed at some 20 mm. by a second pair, some-
what tubular, white-margined. Leaves round-elliptical, obtuse or sub-
emarginate, 2-3.5x4-6 cm., gradually subpetiolately contracted for about
5 mm. Spikes mostly solitary, moderate (30, becoming 60 mm. in fruit),
with half a dozen fusiform joints rather turbinately some 30-flowered in
4+2 or 6 series : peduncle 3 mm. long : scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (im-
mature) white, subglobose, slightly low-granular, 3-4 mm. in diameter:
sepals inflexed. — Plate 240.

Venezuelan region on Persea etc. — The type from Venezuela.

Specimens examined: — VENEZUELA. Caracas (Gollmer, Jan. 1856, —
the type).

PHORADENDRON GALAPAGEIUM Robinson.

PJioradendron galapageium Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. 38. p. 133.

1902.
Viscum galapageium Hooker f., Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. 20. p. 216. 1845.

Cymosely dichotomous, the moderate branches therefore with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-3x50-100
mm.) , nearly terete. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair followed at 5-35 mm.
by a second pair, scarcely tubular, white-margined. Leaves obovate to
sublanceolate, mucronate, very obtuse to subacute, 1.5-3x3-4 cm., cune-
ately subpetioled for about 5 mm. Spikes (immature) rather short
(25-30 mm.), with about 5 short plump joints some 20-flowered in 4+2
or 6 series: peduncle scarcely 2 mm. long. Fruit?. — Plate 241.

Galapageian region. — The type from Chatham Island.

Not seen in any recognizable specimens, — the description based on the
original account and the photograph of the type here reproduced.

PHORADENDRON HENSLOVH Robinson.

PJioradendron Henslovii Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. 38. p. 133.

1902.
Viscum Henslovii Hooker f., Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. 20. p. 216. 1845.

160 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

fV. florianum Andersson, Handl. Akad. Stockholm. 1853. p. 92.
fP. florianum Kobinson, I. c. 1902.

Cymosely dichotomous, the moderate branches therefore with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-3x50-80 or
150 mm.), nearly terete. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair followed at 5-15
or even 30 or 40 mm. by a second pair, scarcely tubular, white-margined.
Leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate, mucronate, very obtuse to subacute,
2.5-4x4-10 cm., rather abruptly petioled for 5 mm. Spikes more or less
clustered, long (50-70 mm.), with some half-dozen fusiform joints turbi-
nately about 30-flowered in 4-f-2 or 6 series: peduncle scarcely 5 mm.
long. Fruit (immature) subglobose, somewhat low-granular, 3 mm. in
diameter : sepals inflexed. — Plates 242, 243.

Galapageian region. — The type from Charles Island.

Specimens examined : — GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. CHATHAM (Steindachner,
67; Bauer, 286). ABINGDON (Snodgrass & Heller, 825). ALBEMARLE
(Snodgrass & Heller, 40, 228). INDEFATIGABLE (Habel, 1860).

PHORADENDRON UNCINATUM Robinson.

Phoradendron uncinatum Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. 38. p. 134.
pi. 1. 1902.

Cymosely dichotomous, the elongated branches with cataphyls on all
joints, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-3x50-80 mm.), essen-
tially terete. Cataphyls a pair nearly basal or as much as 10 mm. above
the base, often followed by a second pair some 30 mm. higher, scarcely
tubular and but little scarious. Leaves lanceolate, acute, 1-1.5x6-7 cm.,
cuneately subpetioled for about 5 mm., (normally?) hooked at apex.
Spikes mostly solitary, long (70-80 mm.), with about 7 slightly fusiform
joints turbinately some 30-flowered in 4+2 or 6 series : peduncle 2 mm.
long: scales scarcely ciliate. Fruit (immature) subglobose, nearly
smooth, 3 mm. in diameter : sepals inflexed. — Plate 243.

Galapageian region. — The type from South Narborough Island.

Specimens examined : — GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. SOUTH NARBOROUGH, at
1000-2000 ft. altitude (Snodgrass & Heller, 325, Apr. 1899,— the type).

Phoradendron campinense n. sp.

Cymosely dichotomous, the elongated branches therefore with cata-
phyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes long (2-3x70-100 mm.),
quickly terete. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair followed by a second pair
some 15-25 mm. higher, tubular-bifid, rather blunt and white-margined.
Leaves somewhat falcately or dimidiately lanceolate, acute, 1.5-2.5x6-10
cm., involutely contracted for scarcely 5 mm. rather than petioled, thick
and indistinctly nerved. Spikes more or less clustered, very long (at

AEQUATORIALES— CYMOSAE 161

length 100 mm.), with some 7 stout oblong joints about 50-flowered in
6 series : peduncle 5 mm. long, usually with a basal pair of scales. Fruit
(immature) subglobose: sepals inflexed. — Plate 244.

Brazilian region. — The type from Campinas.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Campinas (de Campos Novaes, 417
in part, — the type).

Phoradendron Holtonis n. sp.

Cymosely dichotomous, the rather elongated branches therefore with
cataphyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes rather long (2-4x
CO-100 mm.), at first rhombic. Cataphyls a nearly basal pair followed
by a second pair 20-25 mm. higher, tubular, blunt and somewhat white-
margined. Leaves somewhat falcately lanceolate, obtuse, 2.5-3x8 cm.,
involutely subsessile. Spikes mostly solitary, very long (60-100 mm.),
with some 4 fusiformly thickened joints turbinately 40- to 50-flowered
in 6 series: peduncle 3 mm. long. Fruit (immature) subglobose, nearly
smooth, 4 mm. in diameter : sepals inflexed. — Plate 244.

Andean region. — The type from Colombia.

Specimens examined : — COLOMBIA. Fusagasuga (/. F. Holton, 655, —
the type, and probably also 654).

Phoradendron Lindeni n. sp.

Cymosely dichotomous, the rather long slender branches therefore
with cataphyls on all joints, androgynous?. Internodes long (2-3x50-100
mm.), quickly terete. Cataphyls a single nearly basal pair, scarcely
tubular, acute, white-margined. Leaves orbicular to obovate, obtuse or
einarginate, about 5x6 cm., abruptly narrowed to a petiole 3 mm. long.
Spikes mostly solitary, rather long (60 mm. or more), with 4 or 5 stout
cylindrical joints some 50-flowered in about 8 series : peduncle 3-4 mm.
long. Fruit?.— Plate 245.

Andean region ( ? exclusively) on Capparis. — The type from Colom-
bia.

Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Espinal. Valley of the Magda-
lena (Linden, 846, Dec. 1842, — the type).

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

All of the figures, unless otherwise noted, are from herbarium ma-
terial, photographed in natural size by the author. Though it has not
been possible always to do so, an effort has been made to include in
each illustration the lower part of a basal internode so as to show the
presence or absence of cataphyls; and except for types of the older
species a representative specimen rather than a perfect one has been se-
lected for the photograph when possible. The upper figure of a plate
is designated by "a," and the lower by "6." Where no indication
is given, it is to be understood that the material figured is at the Mis-
souri Botenical Garden in St. Louis, or at the University of Illinois in
Urbana, — the facilities of these institutions having been the main re-
source of the author in the preparation of manuscript.

FRONTISPIECE. DISTRIBUTION MAP, showing the principal regions
indicated by the genus PJioradendron.

North America: (1) Atlantic region, approximately that drained
by the Mississippi river and the eastern streams, occupied by PJiora-
dendron only south of the Ohio and Missouri rivers ; (2) Kocky Moun-
tain region, occupied by Phoradendron only in its southern part which
is scarcely more than a northern Chihuahuan extension; (3) Calif or-
nian region, reaching Oregon; (4) Sonoran or desert region, essen-
tially the valley of the lower Colorado river with the coasts and islands
of the gulf of Baja California; (5) Chihuahuan region, connecting
the Rocky Mountains with the eastern and western Sierra Madre
ranges of Mexico; (6) Mexican table-land, lying between the Sierra
Madre ranges and passing into the southern Chihuahuan region; (7)
Sierra Madre ranges, confluent into (8) the Cordilleran or Guatemalan
region, which itself passes into (9) the Isthmian or Costa Rican re-
gion, reaching from Costa Rica into coastwise Venezuela; (10) Yuca-
tecan region.

South America : (11) Andean region, of great extent in the moun-
tains, meeting the Isthmian region in Venezuela; (12) Bolivian re-
gion, comprising the uplands of southwestern Bolivia and northwest-
ern Argentina; (13) La Plata region, — no Phoradendron known from
south of Uruguay; (14) Brazilian upland or southern Brazilian re-
gion, limited in general by the valleys of the Amazon and Paraguay
rivers; (15) Amazonian region; (16) Cayenne region, lying between

163

164 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

the drainage of the Orinoco and Amazon rivers; (17) Orinocan re-
gion, like the Amazonian appearing as a barrier to distribution rather
than a distributional region for Phoradendron; (18) Venezuelan re-
gion, a meeting point of the Isthmian, Andean and Caribbean regions ;
(19) Galapageian region, essentially an oceanic extension of the Vene-
zuelan and Andean regions.

West Indies: (20) Caribbean region, as far north as the Anegada
passage; (21) Antillean region; (22) Bahamian region, in Phoraden-
dron showing absolute isolation from the adjacent Atlantic region of
Florida.

Plate 1. HABIT. Phoradendron villosum, on Quercus. Photo-
graphed in California by George E. Nichols. Greatly reduced.

Plate 2. HABIT. Plioradendron Libocedri, on Libocedrus, at the
entrance to the Yosemite valley, California. Photographed by George
D. Fuller. P. juniperinum, on Juniperus, at the rim of the grand
canon, Arizona. Photographed by Charles F. Hottes. Both greatly
reduced.

Plate 3. MORPHOLOGY of foliage in the Aphyllae. a. Phoradendron
juniperinum, with scales not constricted at the base (Wright), b. P.
ligatum, with scales constricted at the base (Oregon, Cusick, — the
type) . x 10.

Plate 4. MORPHOLOGY of the Aphyllae. Plioradendron juniperinum,
showing scale-like leaves, fruiting spikes each of a single 2-flowered
joint, and globose berry-like fruit with parted sepals (Arizona, Grif-
fiths,— from fresh material), x 5.

Plate 5. MORPHOLOGY of spikes in the Flavescentes.

a. Staminate spikes of (from left to right) Plioradendron flaves-
cens (Missouri, Eggert), P. flavescens orbiculaium (northern Texas,
Bush), P. macrotomum (Florida, Curtiss), P. Engelmanni (southern
Texas, Lindheimer), P. Engelmanni Claviger (southern Texas, Tre-
lease), P. villosum (Oregon, Engelmann), P. Cocker ellii, (New Mex-
ico, Metcalfe), P. macrophyllum (Arizona, Gilbert), and P. Coryae
(Arizona, Blumer). Allx3.

b. Pistillate spikes of (from left to right) Phoradendron flaves-
cens (Virginia?, Curtiss), P. macrotomum (Florida, Curtiss,), P. En-
gelmanni (southern Texas, Lindheimer), P. villosum, in fruit (Oregon,
Howell), P. Cocker ellii (New Mexico, Metcalfe), P. macrophyllum
(Arizona, Blumer}, and P. Coryae (Arizona, Thornber). All x 3.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 165

Plate 6. MORPHOLOGY of spikes, a. Phoradendron Libocedri, one
of the Pauciflorae, showing an entire 1-jointed 2-flowered spike, with
parted fruiting sepals, b. Plwradendron villosum, one of the Pluri-
seriales, showing one joint of a 3- jointed spike with flowers in several
series, with parted fruiting sepals. Both in fruit, and x 10.

Plate 7. MORPHOLOGY of flowers, a. Phoradendron macrophyl-
lum, a joint of a staminate spike with 2- and 3-merous flowers (Ari-
zona, Blumer). b. P. villosum, an entire pistillate spike with 3- and
5-merous flowers (California, Hedgcock). c. P. macrophyllum, a
joint of a staminate spike showing 3-, 4- and 5-merous flowers (Ari-
zona, Blumer) . All x 10.

Plate 8. FRUITING CALYX with inflexed sepals, a. Phoradendron
californicum (Arizona, Miss Cory), b. P. nervosum (Mexico, Pur-
pus). Both x 10.

Plate 9. FRUITING CALYX with parted sepals, a. Phoradendron
macrophyllum (Arizona, Blumer). b. P. Zuloagae (Venezuela, Zu-
loaga). c. P. Coryae (Arizona, Miss Cory). All x 10.

Plate 10. ENDOCARP. a. Phoradendron Coryae (Arizona, Miss
Cory), b. P. villosum (California, Butler), c. P. macrophyllum
(Arizona, Blumer). All x 10.

Plate 11. PHORADENDRON CALIFORNICUM. a. Four bits of the type
(Sierra Nevada, Nuttall, 1836) ; Sonora (Palmer, 1065). b. Fruiting
plant (California, Jones, 11718).

Plate 12. PHORADENDRON CALIFORNICUM NANUM. Type (Arizona,
Griffiths and Thornber, 205).

Plate 13. PHORADENDRON CALIFORNICUM DISTANS. a. The type
(Arizona, Pringle, 1881). b. Fruiting branch (Nevada, Kennedy and
Goodding, 57).

Plate 14. PHORADENDRON JUNIPERINUM. a. The type (New Mexico,
Fendler, 281). b. Type of f. NANA (Arizona, Sitgreaves, 1851).

Plate 15. a. PHORADENDRON LIBOCEDRI. Type (California, Lem-
mon, 1875). b. P. LIGATUM. Oregon (Cusick, 2637).

Plate 16. a. PHORADENDRON MINUTIFOLIUM. Type (Mexico, Schiede,
402) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. P. SALTILLENSE.
Type (Mexico, Gregg, 399).

Plate 17. PHORADENDRON CAPITELLATUM. Type (New Mexico,
Wright, 1787) ; photographed by permission at the New York Botan-
ical Garden.

166 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Plate 18. PHORADENDRON TEQUILENSE. Type : a, pistillate ; b, stam-
inate (Mexico, Pringle, 4434).

Plate 19. PHORADENDRON BOLLEANUM. a. Fragment of type (Mex-
ico, Seemanri) , and branch of collection by Pringle, no. 256, of which
other specimens are shown in b.

Plate 20. PHORADENDRON DENSUM. a. Type ( California, Wilkes Ex-
pedition, 1567) ; photographed by permission at the New York Bo-
tanical Garden, b. An Oregon specimen (Cusick, 2260).

Plate 21. PHORADENDRON DENSUM PARISHII. Type (California,
Parish, 899).

Plate 22. a. PHORADENDRON PAUCIPLORUM. Type (California,
Bigelow, 2) ; photographed by permission at the New York Botanical
Garden, b. P. GUADALUPENSE. Type number (Guadalupe Island, Pal-
mer, 85) ; photographed by permission in the Boissier herbarium.

Plate 23. PHORADENDRON GUADALUPENSE. Type (Guadalupe Island,
Palmer, 85) .

Plate 24. PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS. a. Staminate shoot (Mis-
souri, Eggert). b. Pistillate shoots, bearing flowers of the present sea-
son and mature fruit from flowers of the previous autumn (Fresh ma-
terial from North Carolina, Coker, 1911).

Plate 25. PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS. Two pistillate specimens.
a. Viscum purpureum of Willdenow, but not of Linnaeus (Pennsyl-
vania, Muhleriberg, 639, — as no. 18295 in the Willdenow herbarium) ;
photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. Viscum serotinum Rafin-
esque (Arkansas, Rafinesque) ; photographed by permission in the
Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 26. PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS ORBICULATUM. a. A stam-
inate shoot (Texas, Bush, 1160). b. Pistillate specimens with flowers
and ripened fruit (Fresh material from Arkansas, von Schrenk, 1912).

Plate 27. PHORADENDRON MACROTOMUM. Staminate and pistillate
flowering shoots, and mature fruit from flowers of the previous season
(Fresh material from Florida, Schnabel, 1911).

Plate 28. PHORADENDRON EATONI. Type, staminate (Florida, Ea-
ton, 1310) ; photographed by permission at the New York Botanical
Garden.

Plate 29. PHORADENDRON ENGELMANNI. a. The type, staminate
(Texas, Lindheimer, 406). b. A pistillate specimen (Texas, Jermy).

Plate 30. PHORADENDRON ENGELMANNI. Staminate and pistillate
flowering specimens, and fruit from flowers of the previous winter
(Fresh material from Texas, Heald, 1911).

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 167

Plate 31. a. PHORADENDRON ENGELMANNI. Staminate and fruit-
ing specimens (Texas, Jermy). b. P. ENGELMANNI CLAVIGER, the
type (Texas, Trelease, 1897).

Plate 32. PHORADENDRON GREGGII. Types, a, staminate (Mexico,
Gregg, 254) ; b, pistillate (Mexico, Gregg, 31).

Plate 33. a. PHORADENDRON THYRSOIDEUM. The type (Mexico,
Palmer, 103). b. P. COLIPENSE. The type, staminate, (Mexico, Lieb-
mann, 8) ; photographed by permission in the herbarium at Copen-
hagen.

Plate 34. PHORADENDRON MACROPHYLLUM ; a, staminate ; b, pistil-
late (Arizona, Blumer, 1533).

Plate 35. a. PHORADENDRON MACROPHYLLUM CTRCULARE. Type,
pistillate (Arizona, Griffiths & Thornber, 191). b. P. MACROPHYLLUM
JONESII. Type, pistillate (Arizona, Jones, 4279) ; photographed by
permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva) .

Plate 36. PHORADENDRON COCKERELLI. a. Type, staminate (New
Mexico, Metcalfe, 31). b. Pistillate specimen (New Mexican region,
Wright, 15).

Plate 37. PHORADENDRON COLORADENSE. a, staminate; b, pistil-
late (California, du Barry, 1855) ; photographed by permission at the
New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 38. PHORADENDRON LONGISPICUM, staminate. a. The type
(California, Wilkes Expedition, 1316, — as P. flavescens quinque-
nervium Torrey in herb.) b. Another shoot (California, Hasse, 1893).
Both photographed by permission at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 39. PHORADENDRON LONGISPICUM, pistillate, a, Shortly
after flowering, showing the temporary clavate thickening of the spike-
joints (California, Abrams, 2749) ; photographed by permission at the
New York Botanical Garden, b, At maturity (Fresh material, Cali-
fornia, Griffiths, 1912).

Plate 40. PHORADENDRON VILLOSUM. a. Type, staminate (Oregon,
Nuttall, 1834). b. Pistillate specimen (Oregon, Howell, 1264).

Plate 41. a. PHORADENDRON VILLOSUM ROTUNDIFOLIUM. The type,
pistillate (California, Elmer, 3794) . b. P. TOMENTOSUM. Fruiting spe-
cimen (Mexico, Palmer, 777).

Plate 42. PHORADENDRON TOMENTOSUM. The type (Mexico, Ber-
landier, 1364). a, staminate. b, pistillate, photographed for M. C. de
Candolle, in the Candollean herbarium at Geneva.

168 THE GENUS PHORADENDROX

Plate 43. a. PHORADENDRON PUBERULUM. The type (Mexico,
Gregg, 895). b. P. PUBERULUM CHIHUAHUENSE. The type (Mexico.
Endlich, 1220) .

Plate 44. PHORADENDRON CORYAE. a. The type, staminate (Ari-
zona, Blumer, 1516). b. A fruiting specimen (Fresh material, Ari-
zona, Miss Kate T. Cory, to whom the species is dedicated, 1912).

Plate 45. a. PHORADENDRON HAVARDIANUM. The type, stami-
nate (Texas, Havard, 82). b. P. WILKINSONI. The type, staminate
(Mexico, Wilkinson, 1885) ; photographed by permission in the U. S.
National Herbarium.

Plate 46. a. PHORADENDRON LANATUM. The type, pistillate (Mex-
ico, Rose, Painter and Rose, 9707) ; photographed by permission in
the U. S. National Herbarium, b. P. GALEOTTII. The type, pistillate
(Mexico, Galeotti, 2694) ; photographed by permission in the Deles-
sert herbarium at Geneva).

Plate 47. a. PHORADENDRON PALMERI. The type, pistillate (Mex-
ico, Palmer, 119). b. P. EDUARDI. The type, pistillate (Mexico, Pal-
mer, 882).

Plate 48. a. PHORADENDRON MAZATLANUM. The type, pistillate
(Mexico, Gregg, 1202). b. P. BRACHYSTACHYUM. The type, as also
of Viscum ~brachystachyum (Mexico, Berlandier) • photographed by
permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 49. PHORADENDRON BRACHYSTACHYUM. Two divergent stam-
inate forms, a (Mexico, Pringle, 1160) ; b (Mexico, Pringle, 6759) ;
photographed by permission in the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 50. PHORADENDRON TLACOLULENSE. a. Type (Mexico, Seler,
119). b. Another specimen (Mexico, Seler, 1763). Both photographed
by permission in the herbarium at Dahlem.

Plate 51. PHORADENDRON GLOBULIFERUM. The type (Mexico, Pal-
mer, 88) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herba-
rium.

Plate 52. PHORADENDRON AUREUM. The type (Mexico, Rose,
16848) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 53. a. PHORADENDRON BRACHYPHYLLUM. The type (Mex-
ico, Rose, 16293). b. P. TUMIDUM. The type (Mexico, Rose, 16862).
Both photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 54. P. DIGUETII. The type (Mexico, Diguet, 1894) ; photo-
graphed for M. Lecomte, in the herbarium of the Museum d'Histoire
Naturelle at Paris.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 169

Plate 55. a. PHORADENDRON PENINSULARE. The type (Mexico,
Rose, 16354). b. P. SACCATUM. The type (Mexico, Rose, 16562). Both
photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 56. PHORADENDRON ROBINSONII. The type, staminate (Mex-
ico, Pringle, 6272).

Plate 57. a. PHORADENDRON ROBINSONII. Fruiting specimen
(Mexico, Rose & Hay, 5939). b. P. ROBINSONII HINDSI (Mexico, Hinds,
1841) ; photographed by permission at Kew.

Plate 58. PHORADENDRON VELUTINUM. a. Type of Viscum veluti-
num, staminate (Mexico, Berlandier, 1158) ; photographed by permis-
sion in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva, b. A pistillate specimen
(Mexico, Pringle, 9509).

Plate 59. PHORADENDRON SCABERRIMUM. a. The type, pistillate
i, Mexico, Rose, 3409). b. A second specimen (Mexico, Rose, 1712).
Both photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 60. PHORADENDRON LONGIFOLIUM. The type (Mexico, Kar-
winski, 1833) ; photographed in the Brussels herbarium for Professor
Bommer.

Plate 61. PHORADENDRON USPANTANUM. The type (Guatemala,
Heyde & Lux, 3141).

Plate 62. PHORADENDRON CALYCULATUM. The type collection of
Viscum falcatum Hooker, staminate (Mexico, Galeotti, 2696) ; photo-
graphed in the Brussels herbarium for Professor Bommer.

Plate 63. PHORADENDRON CALYCULATUM. A pistillate specimen
(Mexico, Pringle, 4699).

Plate 64. a. PHORADENDRON CALYCULATUM FILIPES. The type,
staminate (Mexico, Purpus, 6279) ; photographed by permission at the
New York Botanical Garden, b. P. CALYCULATUM GONZALEZI. The
type (Mexico, Conzatti and Gonzalez, 295) ; photographed by permis-
sion in the Gray herbarium at Cambridge.

Plate 65. PHORADENDRON ANNULATUM. a. The type, pistillate
(Costa Rica, Oersted, 14) ; photographed by permission in the herba-
rium at Copenhagen, b. A specimen with young and matured fruit
(Guatemala, Smith, 2610).

Plate 66. PHORADENDRON MULTIFLORUM. The type, staminate
(Guatemala, Kellerman, 5154).

Plate 67. PHORADENDRON MULTIFLORUM. A pistillate specimen, —
one branch deformed into a gall (Guatemala, Kellerman, 5155) ; pho-

170 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

tographed, like the preceding, by permission in the U. S. National
Herbarium.

Plate 68. PHORADENDRON AMPLIFOLIUM. The type, pistillate (Mex-
ico, Nelson, 2018} ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National
Herbarium.

Plate 69. PHORADENDRON CARNEUM. Two pistillate specimens, one
of them with matured fruit (Mexico; a, Pringle, 8647; b, Pringle,
2668).

Plate 70. a. PHORADENDRON PRINGLEI. The type (Mexico, Prin-
gle, 6630). b. P. FORESTIERAE. The type (Mexico, Pringle, 6290).
Both are with partly matured fruit.

Plate 71. a. PHORADENDRON PACHYARTHRON. The type, pistillate
(Mexico, Ehrenberg, 1011) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.
b. P. SCHUMANNI. Broad-leaved specimen, pistillate (Mexico, See-
mann, 2140) ; photographed by permission at Kew.

Plate 72. PHORADENDRON SCHUMANN:. The type: a, staminate;
b, pistillate (Mexico, Schumann, 711) ; photographed by permission at
Dahlem.

Plate 73. PHORADENDRON PURPUSI. The type, staminate (Mex-
ico, Purpus, 1912) .

Plate 74. PHORADENDRON NERVOSUM. a. The type (Mexico, Lieb-
mann, 5=3090) ; photographed by permission at Copenhagen, b. A
specimen illustrating the occurrence of 4- and 6-ranked fruits on joints
of the same spike (Mexico, Purpus, 1912).

Plate 75. a. PHORADENDRON CONZATTII. The type (Mexico, Con-
zatti & Gomez, 2380). b. P. CONZATTH TEGOMATLANA (Mexico, Con-
zatti, 1897). Both photographed by permission in the herbarium of
the Field Museum at Chicago.

Plate 76. PHORADENDRON CONZATTTI NOCHIXTLANENSE. a. stami-
nate; b, pistillate (Mexico, Conzatti & Gonzalez, 1187) . Photographed
by permission in the Gray herbarium.

Plate 77. PHORADENDRON LANCEOLATUM. a. The type (Mexico,
Gregg, 255). b. Partly fruited specimen (Mexico, Thurber, 865) ; pho-
tographed by permission in the Gray herbarium.

Plate 78. PHORADENDRON FALCATUM. The type (Mexico, Scniede,
403) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 79. PHORADENDRON ANGUSTIFOLIUM. Two specimens of the
type collection (Peru, Bonpland, 3508) ; a, photographed by permis-

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 171

sion at Dahlem ; b, the type, photographed by permission in the Nat-
ural History Museum at Paris.

Plate 80. PHORADENDRON PARIETARIOIDES. The type (Ecuador,
Sodiro, 148/20) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 81. PHORADENDRON CORYNARTHRON. The type (Panama,
Wagner, 1858) ; photographed by permission in the herbarium of the
Academy at Munich.

Plate 82. PHORADENDRON TONDUZII. a. The type, pistillate (Gua-
temala, Tonduz, 12179) ; photographed by permission at the New York
Botanical Garden, b. Staminate shoot (Guatemala?, Friedrichsthal,
1841 ) ; photographed by permission in the Gray herbarium.

Plate 83. PHORADENDRON COOPERI. The type, staminate (Costa
Kica, Cooper, 5931 ) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National
Herbarium.

Plate 84. a. PHORADENDRON TUBULOSUM. The type (Venezuela,
Fendler, 1106) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. PHORA-
DENDRON TRIANAE. The type collection (Colombia, Triana, 2778) ; pho-
tographed by permission in the de Candolle herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 85. PHORADENDRON SEMITERES. a. The type (Bolivia, Buch-
tien, 1411) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. Fruiting spe-
cimen (Peru, Pavon) ; photographed by permission in the Boissier
Herbarium at Chambesy.

Plate 86. PHORADENDRON VERLEYSENI. a. The type (Ecuador,
Verleysen, 148*). b. A broader-leaved specimen (Ecuador, Sodiro,
28) . Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 87. PHORADENDRON VERLEYSENI CHIMBOENSE. The type
(Ecuador, Sodiro, 148/19). b. P. GRANATICOLUM. The type (Ven-
ezuela, Gollmer, 1854). Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 88. PHORADENDRON CASIMIRANUM. The type (Paraguay,
Balansa, 3220) ; photographed by permission in the Boissier herba-
rium at Chambesy.

Plate 89. PHORADENDRON DIPTERUM. The type collection (Brazil,
Gardner, 1672) ; photographed by permission in the herbarium of the
Natural History Museum at Vienna.

Plate 90. PHORADENDRON MULTIFOVEOLATUM. The types : a, stam-
inate ; b, pistillate (Brazil, von Martins) ; photographed by permission
in the herbarium at Munich.

Plate 91. a. PHORADENDRON HYPERICIFOLTUM. The type (Para-
guay, Kuntze, 9) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. P. DE-

172 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

MEBARAE. The type (British Guiana, Jenman, 2546) ; photographed
by permission at Kew.

Plate 92. PHORADENDRON TETRAPTERUM. a. The type (Jamaica,
Harris, 6393) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. A larger-
leaved specimen (Puerto Eico, Stevens & Hess, 4887).

Plate 93. PHORADENDRON TOVARENSE. a. The type (Venezuela,
Fendler, 1761) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. A fruiting
specimen (Venezuela, Fendler, 1110) ; photographed by permission in
the Gray herbarium.

Plate 94. a. PHORADENDRON CRULSII. The type (Brazil, Glaziou,
22021 ) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. P. AMPLEXICAULE.
Type collection (Brazil, Weddell, 1858) ; photographed by permission
in the de Candolle herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 95. PHORADENDRON AMPLECTENS. The type (Ecuador, So-
diro, 148/21) ; photographed by permission in the herbaria at Dahlem
and Buda Pest, — both of which contain a large representation of
Sodiro's collections.

Plate 96. a. PHORADENDRON GLAZIOVII. The type (Brazil, Gla-
ziou, 4004) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. P. TURBINI-
SPICUM. The type (Colombia, Triana, 2777) ; photographed by per-
mission in the de Candolle herbarium.

Plate 97. PHORADENDRON BREVIFOLIUM. a. The type (Mexico,
Liebmann, 16) ; photographed by permission at Copenhagen, b. Spe-
cimen with developed pistillate spikes (Mexico, Rose, Painter & Rose,
9965) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 98. PHORADENDRON RONDELETIAE. a. The type (Guatemala,
von Tuerckheim, ii. 2045) ; photographed by permission at the New
York Botanical Garden, b. Another collection (Guatemala, von
Tuercltheim, 435) ; photographed by permission in the Natural History
Museum at Vienna.

Plate 99. a. PHORADENDRON VULCANICUM. The type (Guatemala,
Kellerman, 4829). b. P. CRISPUM. The type (Costa Rica, Pittier,
14117) . Both photographed by permission in the U. S. National Her-
barium.

Plate 100. a. PHORADENDRON REICHENBACHIANUM. (Mexico,
Gregg, 722). b. P. FALCIFOLIUM. The type (Guatemala, von Tuerck-
heim, ii. 2168) ; photographed by permission at the New York Botan-
ical Garden.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 173

Plate 101. PHORADENDRON ROBUSTISSIMUM. a. The type (Costa
Rica, Hoffmann, 360) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b.
A fruiting specimen (Costa Rica, Tonduz, 13705) ; photographed by
permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 102. PHORADENDRON ROBUSTISSIMUM SIMULANS. a. The type
(El Salvador, Renson, 284) ; photographed by permission at the New
York Botanical Garden, b. A fruiting specimen (Guatemala, Keller-
man, 5100) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National Her-
barium.

Plate 103. PHORADENDRON CONGESTUM. The type (Brazil, Gard-
ner, 3764) ; photographed in the herbarium at Brussels for Professor
Charles Bommer.

Plate 104. a. PHORADENDRON CONGESTUM. A misnumbered co-
type (Brazil, Gardner, "3765") ; photographed by permission at Dah-
lem. b. P. CARIPENSE. The type (Brazil, Spruce, 140) ; photographed
by permission at Munich.

Plate 105. PHORADENDRON HERBERT-SMITHII. The type (Colom-
bia, Smith, 1283) ; photographed by permission, — a, at Dahlem, b, in
the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 106. a. PHORADENDRON EXIGUUM. The type (Colombia,
Smith, 1281 ) ; photographed by permission in the Delessert herbarium
at Geneva, b. PHORADENDRON STENOPHYLLUM. The type (Brazil, Rose
& Russell, 19908) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National
Herbarium.

Plate 107. a. P. CORIACEUM. The type (Brazil, von Martins) ;
photographed by permission at Munich, b. PHORADENDRON CORIACEUM
QUINTENSE. The type (Brazil, Glaziou, 4010) ; photographed by per-
mission at Dahlem.

Plate 108. PHORADENDRON ULOPHYLLUM. The type collection
(Brazil, Gaudichaud: a, no. 573 at Dahlem; b, "no. 473," at Vienna) ;
photographed by permission.

Plate 109. PHORADENDRON HABROSTACHYUM. The type (Brazil
von Martins: a, staminate; b, pistillate) ; photographed by permission
at Munich.

Plate 110. PHORADENDRON OVALIFOLIUM. a. The type (Venezuela,
Fendler, 1108) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. A fruit-
ing cotype; photographed by permission in the Grisebach herbarium
at Goettingen.

174 THE GENUS PHOEADENDBON

Plate 111. PHORADENDRON LONGIPETIOLATUM. a. The type (Ven-
ezuela, Fendler 1762} ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. An-
other specimen of the same collection ; photographed by permission in
the Grisebach herbarium at Goettingen.

Plate 112. PHORADENDRON BILINEATUM. a. The type (Venezuela,
Fendler, 1811} ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. Another
specimen of the same collection; photographed by permission in the
Grisebach herbarium at Goettingen.

Plate 113. PHORADENDRON RIGIDUM. a. The type (Venezuela,
Fendler, 1105} ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. A second
specimen of the same collection, bearing spikes in the axils of some
cataphyls ; photographed by permission in the Grisebach herbarium at
Goettingen.

Plate 114. PHORADENDRON JENMANI. a. The type (British Gui-
ana, Jenman, 2541}. b. A second collection (British Guiana, Jenman,
4678} . Both photographed by permission at Kew.

Plate 115. PHORADENDRON POLYGYNUM. Two specimens of a sin-
gle collection (Venezuela, Fendler, 1104). Photographed by permis-
sion : a, at Kew ; b, in the Gray herbarium.

Plate 116. a. PHORADENDRON POLYGYNUM. Part of the type
illustration of Spiciviscum polygynum. b. P. BRIQUETIANUM. The type
(Colombia, Linden, 796} ; photographed by permission in the Delessert
herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 117. PHORADENDRON OBLIQUUM. a. The type of the binom-
ial (without precise data, Haenke, from the herbarium of the German
University at Prag) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. The
type of Viscum obliquum (Peru, Haenke) • photographed by permis-
sion in the National Museum at Prag.

Plate 118. PHORADENDRON DIMIDIATUM. The type collection of
Viscum dimidiatum (Surinam, Focke, 716). Photographed by per-
mission : a, at Dahlem, from the Utrecht herbarium ; b, at Kew.

Plate 119. PHORADENDRON PERROTTETII. a. The type of Viscum
Perrottetii (French Guiana, Perrottet, 228). b. Another collection
(French Guiana, Leprieur, 1835). Both photographed by permission
in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 120. PHORADENDRON BATHYORYCTUM. a. The type collection
(Brazil, Gardner, 2626) ; photographed by permission in the Natural
History Museum at Vienna, b. Another collection (Brazil, Kuntze, 3) ;
photographed by permission at Dahlem.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 175

Plate 121. PHORADENDRON PELLUCIDULUM. The type collection
(Brazil, Spruce, 3480) ; photographed by permission in the Natural
History Museum at Vienna.

Plate 122. a. PHORADENDRON HOLOXANTHUM. The type collection
(Brazil, Sello, 5847) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. P.
HOLOXANTHUM CORALLISPICUM. The type (Brazil, Glaziou, 8729) ; pho-
tographed by permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 123. a. PHORADENDRON NITIDUM. The type collection of
Viscum nitidum (Brazil, Gardner, 436) ; photographed by permission
in the Natural History Museum at Vienna, b. P. SELLOI. The type
collection (Brazil, Sello, 122) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.
Plate 124. a. PHORADENDRON CRASPEDOPHYLLUM. The type (Bra-
zil, Sello, 155). b. P. CRASPEDOPHYLLOIDES. The type (Brazil, Sello,
without number). Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 125. PHORADENDRON OBTUSISSIMUM. a. The type collection
of Viscum obtusissimum (Surinam, Focke, 1019) ; photographed by
permission at Dahlem. b. A fruiting specimen from British Guiana
(Jenman, 2539) ; photographed by permission at Kew.

Plate 126. PHORADENDRON ACINACIFOLJUM. The type collection
(Brazil, Gaudichaud, 574). Photographed by permission: a, at Dah-
lem ; b, under the number 874, in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.
Plate 127. a. PHORADENDRON ACINACIFOLIUM. Fruiting specimen
(Brazil, Sello, 597). b. P. REDUCTUM. The type (Paraguay, Kuntze,
15). Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 128. PHORADENDRON WAWRAE. a. The type (Mexico, Wawra,
747) ; photographed by permission in the Natural History Museum at
Vienna, b. A second collection (Mexico, Bourgeau, 1482) ; photo-
graphed by permission at Kew.

Plate 129. a. PHORADENDRON CHEIROCARPUM. The type (Guate-
mala,wn Tuerckheim, 7661 ) ; photographed by permission in the Gray
herbarium, b. P. DECUSSATUM. The type (Honduras, Niederlein, 95) ;
photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 130. PHORADENDRON VERNICOSUM. a. The type (Yucatan,
Greenman, 440) ; photographed by permission in the Field Museum at
Chicago, b. A younger specimen (Yucatan, Gaumer, 876).

Plate 131. PHORADENDRON FICI. The type (Jamaica, Harris,
9220) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 132. PHORADENDRON CAMPBELLII. a. The type (Jamaica,
Campbell, 6398) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. A spe-

176 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

cimen with partly grown fruit (Jamaica, Britton, 3765} ; photo-
graphed by permission at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 133. PHORADENDRON GRISEBACHIANUM. a. Taken as the
type (Jamaica, Harris, 6341) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.
b. A second collection (Jamaica, Crawford, 783) ; photographed by
permission at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 134. PHORADENDRON CHRYSOCARPUM. The type collection.

a. (Puerto Rico, Balbis, Bertero), photographed by permission at Dah-
lem. b. (Puerto Rico, Bertero, 439 in part) ; photographed by per-
mission in the National Museum at Prag.

Plate 135. a. PHORADENDRON ANCEPS. The type collection of
Viscum anceps (Santo Domingo, Bertero, 439 in part, — from Spren-
gel) ; photographed by permission in the National Museum at Prag.

b. P. HAITENSE. The type (Haiti, Picarda, 1666) ; photographed by
permission at Dahlem.

Plate 136. PHORADENDRON HARTH. The type (Trinidad, Hart,
6101). b. A flowering specimen (Trinidad, Lunt, 6117). Both photo-
graphed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 137. PHORADENDRON WATTII. The type (Jamaica, Hitch-
cock). Photographed at the Missouri Botanical Garden by Professor
C. H. Thompson.

Plate 138. a. PHORADENDRON WATTII. A representative fruiting
specimen (Jamaica, Campbell, 6401). b. P. WATTII PRODUCTUM. The
type (Jamaica, Harris, 10188). Both photographed by permission at
Dahlem.

Plate 139. PHORADENDRON HELLERI. The type collection (Puerto
Rico, Heller, 6188) . Photographed by permission : a, at the New York
Botanical Garden ; b, in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 140. a. PHORADENDRON HELLERI SANGUINEUM. The type
(Santo Domingo, Fuertes, 1531b). b. P. CRENULATUM. The type
(Jamaica, Harris, 6659). Both photographed by permission at Dah-
lem.

Plate 141. PHORADENDRON Dussn. a. The type (Guadeloupe,
Duss, 3904 in part) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. A
second collection (Guadeloupe, Duss, 2969b) ; photographed by per-
mission at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 142. PHORADENDRON GUNDLACHII. a. The type collection
(Cuba, Wright, 2650) ; photographed by permission in the Boissier
herbarium at Chambesy. b. A fruiting specimen ( Cuba, Britton, Brit-

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 177

/0?i and Cowell, 13106) ; photographed by permission at the New York
Botanical Garden.

Plate 143. PHORADENDRON DOMINGENSE. Two specimens from
Jamaica (a, Campbell, 6605; b, Campbell, 6398 in part) ; photo-
graphed by permission at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 144. PHORADENDRON TRINERVIUM. a. The type collection of
Viscum trinervium and of V. myrtilloides (Martinique, Isert, 1787, —
as no. 18296 in the Willdenow herbarium) ; photographed by permis-
sion at Dahlem. b. The typical representative of P. trinervium in the
collection of the author of the binomial (Jamaica, McNab, 68) ; photo-
graphed by permission in the Grisebach herbarium at the University
of Goettingen.

Plate 145. PHORADENDRON TRINERVIUM. a. The type collection of
Viscum oblongifolium (Guadeloupe, Perrottet, 1824) ; photographed
by permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva, b. A second col-
lection (Guadeloupe, Bertero, 1820) ; photographed by permission in
the de Candolle herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 146. PHORADENDRON TRINERVIUM. a. Fruiting specimen
showing the change from the elongated young fruit to the globose ma-
ture fruit (Puerto Rico, Sintenis, 3246) ; photographed by permission
in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva, b. A Bahamian specimen (Wat-
ling Isl., Wilson, 7254) ; photographed by permission at the New York
Botanical Garden.

Plate 147. a. PHORADENDRON APPUNI. The type (British Guiana,
Appun, 1783). b. P. APERTUM. The type (British Guiana, Jenman,
3801 ) . Both photographed by permission at Kewa.

Plate 148. PHORADENDRON GUAZUMAE. The type (Mexico, Rose,
Standley and Russell, 13846) ; photographed by permission in the U.
S. National Herbarium.

Plate 149. a. PHORADENDRON SANCTAE-MARTAE. The type (Colom-
bia, Smith, 1284) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National
Herbarium, b. P. RENSONI. The type (El Salvador, Renson, 256) ;
photographed by permission at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 150. a, PHORADENDRON ZULOAGAE. The type (Venezuela,
Zuloaga, 1915). b, P. COMMUTATUM. The type (Mexico, Gregg, 903).

Plate 151. PHORADENDRON COMMUTATUM. Two medium-leaved
specimens( a, Rose, Standley & Russell, 14450-,}), Rose, 1525) ; photo-
graphed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

178 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Plate 152. PHORADENDRON RUBRUM. Two specimens of the proto-
type of Viscum rubrum (Bahamas: a, vol. 2, p. 2, of the Catesby her-
barium ; b, vol. 2, p. 8, of the same collection) ; photographed by per-
mission in the Natural History Museum at South Kensington, London.

Plate 153. PHORADENDRON RUBRUM. The type of P. tetrastach-
yum spatJiulifolium and of P. spathulifolium (Cuba, Wright 512=
1300 b ) . Photographed by permission : a, in the Grisebach herbarium
at Gottingen ; b, in the Gray herbarium at Cambridge.

Plate 154. PHORADENDRON QUADRANGULARE. a. Type of Viscum
salicifolium (Ecuador, Haenke) • photographed by permission in the
herbarium of the German University at Prag. b. A specimen showing
the turbinate joints of the partly matured spikes (Ecuador, Eggers,
14829) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 155. a. PHORADENDRON QUADRANGULARE. The type of Lor-
anfhus quadrangularis (Colombia, Bonpland, 1795). b. P. VISCIFO-
LIUM. The type of L. viscifolius (Ecuador, Bonpland, 3798) ; both
photographed by permission at the Natural History Museum of Paris.

Plate 156. PHORADENDRON WIESNERIANUM. The type (Brazil.
Gardner, 1674) ; photographed by permission in the Natural History
Museum at Vienna.

Plate 157. PHORADENDRON PIAUHYANUM. a. The type (Brazil,
Gardner, 2617) ; photographed by permission in the Natural History
Museum at Vienna, b. A specimen showing the turbinate young spike
joints (Brazil, Spruce, 2909) ; photographed by permission in the Na-
tural History Museum at Buda Pest.

Plate 158. PHORADENDRON CEIBANUM. The type ( Costa Rica, Pit-
tier, 3900) ; photographed in the herbarium at Brussels for Professor
Bommer.

Plate 159. PHORADENDRON VENEZUELENSE. a. The type (Venezuela,
Fendler, 1810) ; photographed by permission at Kew. b. A second
specimen (Panama, Hayes, 829) ; photographed by permission at the
New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 160. PHORADENDRON ANTILLARUM. a. The type (Cuba,
Wright, 1302). b. A broader-leaved specimen in fruit (Puerto Rico
( Stevens & Hess, 5827).

Plate 161. PHORADENDRON ANTILLARUM ORIENTALS, a. The type
( Cuba, Britton, 2119) . b. The type of f . LONGA ( Cuba, Britton, 2415) .
Both photographed by permission at the New York Botanical Garden.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 179

Plate 162. PHORADENDRON TOWNSENDI. a. The type (Socorro Isl.,
Barkelew, 177). b. Another collection (Socorro Isl., Townsend, 1899).
Both photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 163. a. PHORADENDRON GRACILE. The type, pistillate (Ja-
maica, Harris, 6392). b. P. GRACILE BALLII. The type, staminate (Ja-
maica, Ball, 1882). Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 164. PHORADENDRON MICROPHYLLUM. a. The type collection
of Viscum microphylluin (Brazil, Pohl, 245=4583) ; photographed by
permission in the National Museum at Prag. b. A fruiting specimen
(Brazil, Gardner, 1325) ; photographed by permission in the Delessert
herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 165. PHORADENDRON AFFINE. The type of Viscum affine
(Brazil, Pohl 544). Photographed by permission: a, in the de Can-
dolle herbarium at Geneva; b, in the Natural History Museum at
Vienna.

Plate 166. PHORADENDRON MARTIANUM. a. The type (Brazil,
Gardner, 1321). b. A fruiting specimen (Brazil, Gardner, 1323).
Both photographed by permission in the Delessert herbarium at Ge-
neva.

Plate 167. a. PHORADENDRON GAUMERI. The type (Yucatan, Gau-
mer, 561). b. P. TAMAULIPENSE. The type (Mexico, Seler, 4484) ;
photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 168. PHORADENDRON ZACAPANUM. a. The type (Guatamala,
Kellerman, 5612). b. A second specimen (Guatemala, Kellerman,
5728).

Plate 169. PHORADENDRON LYONI. The type (Venezuela, Lyon,
1900) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Plate 170. PHORADENDRON EMARGINATUM. a. The type collection
(Brazil, Claussen, 252) ; photographed by permission in the Delessert
herbarium at Geneva, b. A specimen showing the occasional emphasis
of the midrib beneath (Brazil, Glaziou, 9861) ; photographed by per-
mission at Copenhagen.

Plate 171. PHORADENDRON OBOVATIFOLIUM. The type (Paraguay,
Morong, 1582) ; photographed at the New York Botanical Garden for
Professor Britton.

Plate 172. a. PHORADENDRON MINOR. The type (Brazil, von Mar-
tins') ; photographed by permission at Munich, b. P. MUCRONATUM.
A representative specimen (Martinique, HaJin, 296) ; photographed
by permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

180 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Plate 173. a. PHORADENDRON YUCATANUM. The type (Yucatan,
Gaumer, 561 in part) ; photographed by permission at the Field Mu-
seum in Chicago, b. P. OTTONIS. A representative specimen (Ven-
ezuela, Eggers, 13335} ; photographed by permission at Copenhagen.

Plate 174. a. PHORADENDRON DEGENIANUM. The type (Colombia,
Smith 1285) ; photographed by permission in the Natural History Mu-
seum at Buda Pest. b. P. CUNEIFOLIUM. The type (Venezuela, Fend-
ler, 1115) • photographed by permission in the Grisebach herbarium
at Gottingen.

Plate 175. PHORADENDRON CEARENSE MINOR. The type collection
(Brazil, Gardner, 1669). Photographed by permission: a, in the Na-
tural History Museum at Vienna; b, in the Boissier herbarium at
Chambesy.

Plate 176. a. PHORADENDRON CEARENSE. The type collection (Bra-
zil, Gardner, 1675) ; photographed by permission in the Natural His-
tory Museum at Vienna, b. P. CARACASANUM. The type (Venezuela,
Gollmer, 1855) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 177. a. PHORADENDRON ARGENTINUM. The larger-leaved type
(Argentina, Hieronymus & Lorentz, 237). b. P. ERNSTIANUM. The
type (Peru, Weberbauer, 4251). Both photographed by permission
at Dahlem.

Plate 178. a. PHORADENDRON MELIAE. The type (Paraguay, Bal-
ansa,2495). b. P. PRUINOSUM. The type (Argentina, Lorentz, 688).
Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 179. PHORADENDRON LIGA. The type of Viscum Liga (Ar-
gentina, Gillies). Photographed at Kew for Sir David Prain.

Plate 180. a. PHORADENDRON LIGA. A specimen showing the char-
acteristic sharp nervation (Argentina, Lorentz, 431). b. P. HIER-
ONYMI. The type (Argentina, Hieronymus, 421). Both photographed
by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 181. PHORADENDRON LINEARIFOLIUM. a. The type collection
(Brazil, Riedel) ; photographed by permission in the Boissier herba-
rium at Geneva, b. A specimen in flower (Brazil, Glaziou, 19419) ;
photographed by permission at Copenhagen,

Plate 182. PHORADENDRON ENSIFOLIUM. a. The type of Viscum
ensifolium (Brazil, Pohl, 106) ; photographed by permission in the de
Candolle herbarium at Geneva, b. A flowering specimen (Brazil,
Warming, 381) ; photographed by permission at Copenhagen.

181

Plate 183. PHORADENDRON LANCEOLATO-ELLIPTICUM. The type of
Viscum interruption and of V. lanceolato-ellipticum (Brazil, Pohl,
273). Photographed by permission: a, in the de Candolle herbarium
at Geneva ; b, in the Natural History Museum at Vienna.

Plate 184. PHORADENDRON MACRARTHRUM. The type collection
(Brazil, Gardner, 3765). Photographed by permission: a, in the Del-
essert herbarium at, Geneva; b, in the Natural History Museum at
Vienna.

Plate 185. PHORADENDRON FALCIFRONS. The type of Viscum falci-
frons (Uruguay, Tweedie) • photographed in the Hooker herbarium
at Kew for Sir David Prain.

Plate 186. PHORADENDRON FALCIFRONS. a. A flowering specimen
(Uruguay, Lorentz, 1779) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.
b. A flowering specimen (Uruguay, Balansa, 3219) ; photographed by
permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 187. PHORADENDRON TUCUMANENSE. A type collection (Ar-
gentina, Lorentz & Hieronymus, 728) ; photographed in the herbarium
at Brussels for Professor Bommer.

Plate 188. a. PHORADENDRON TUCUMANENSE. A fruiting specimen
(Argentina, Fiebrig, 2174). b. P. KUNTZEI. The type (Bolivia, Kuntze,
20) . Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 189. PHORADENDRON NORTHROPIAE. a. The type (Andros
Isl., Northrop, 551) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. A
second collection (Andros Isl., Brace, 5325) ; photographed by permis-
sion at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 190. PHORADENDRON UNDULATUM. The type of Viscum un-
dulatum (Brazil, Polil, 1828). Photographed by permission: a, in the
de Candolle herbarium at Geneva ; b, in the Natural History Museum
at Vienna.

Plate 191. a. PHORADENDRON UNDULATUM. A flowering specimen
(Bolivia, Bang, 363) ; photographed by permission in the Boissier
herbarium at Geneva, b. P. HERMINIERI. The type (Guadeloupe,
Duss, 3904 in part) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. National
Herbarium.

Plate 192. PHORADENDRON GRACILISPICUM. a. The type (Costa
Rica, Tonduz, 12215). b. A second collection (Costa Rica, Tonduz,
10110). Both photographed by permission in the U. S. National Her-
barium.

182 THE GENUS PHORADENDEON

Plate 193. PHORADENDRON PERUVIANUM. The type (Peru, Ruiz) ;
photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 194. PHORADENDRON BALANSAE. The type (Paraguay, Bal-
ansa, 2497) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 195. a. PHORADENDRON BALANSAE HASSLERI. The type (Par-
aguay, Hassler, 7436) ; photographed by permission in the Delessert
herbarium at Geneva, b. P. AVENIA. The type (Colombia, Stuebel,
165) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 196. PHORADENDRON ENGLERIANUM. The types: a, stam-
inate; b, pistillate (Peru, Weberbauer, 1902) ; photographed by per-
mission at Dahlem.

Plate 197. PHORADENDRON MANDONII. a. The type collection (Boli-
via, Mandon, 1467) ; photographed by permission in the Natural His-
tory Museum at Vienna, b. P. MATHEWSI. The type (Peru, Mathews,
1846) ; photographed by permission in the Delessert herbarium at
Geneva.

Plate 198. PHORADENDRON WARMINGII. a. The type (Brazil,
Warming, 383). b. The type collection of P. rugulosum (Brazil, Gla-
ziou, 4012). Both photographed by permission at Copenhagen.

Plate 199. PHORADENDRON HEYDEANUM. The type (Guatemala,
Heyde & Lux, 3140) ; photographed by permission in the U. S. Na-
tional Herbarium.

Plate 200. PHORADENDRON HEXASTICHUM. a. The type of Viscum
liexasticlium (Cuba, de la Ossa, 1825) ; photographed by permission in
the de Candolle herbarium at Geneva, b. A second collection (Mar-
tinique, Sieber, 227 in part) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 201. a. PHORADENDRON HEXASTICHUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM. The
type (Grenada, Eggers, 6140) ; photographed by permission at Dah-
lem. b. P. OLIVERIANUM. The type (Mexico, Liebmann, 3085) ; photo-
graphed by permission at Copenhagen.

Plate 202. PHORADENDRON RACEMOSUM. a. The type of Viscum
macrophyllum (Puerto Rico, Bertero, 1820) ; photographed by permis-
sion in the de Candolle herbarium at Geneva, b. The type collection
of V. glandulosum (Surinam, Focke) ; photographed by permission at
Kew.

Plate 203. PHORADENDRON RACEMOSUM. a. A round-leaved speci-
men (British Guiana, Schomburgk}. b. A short-spiked specimen
(Santo Domingo, Eggers, 2011). Both photographed by permission
at Dahlem.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 183

Plate 204. PHORADENDRON PRODUCTIPES. a. The type (Brazil,
Gardner, 1676) ; photographed by permission in the Natural History
Museum at Vienna, b. The type collection of P. hexastichum v. longi-
spica (Brazil, Gardner, 2112) ; photographed by permission in the
Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 205. a. PHORADENDRON BOLIVIANUM. The type (Bolivia,
Bang, as second collection for 632). b. P. CERINOCARPUM. The type
(Santo Domingo, Wright, Parry & Brummel, 459). Both photo-
graphed by permission at the New York Botanical Garden.

Plate 206. PHORADENDRON CERINOCARPUM. Flowering and fruit-
ing material (Santo Domingo, Fuertes, 275). Photographed by per-
mission : a, in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva ; b, in the Natural
History Museum at Vienna.

Plate 207. PHORADENDRON CARINATUM. The type (British Guiana,
Jenman, 2542) ; photographed by permission at Kew.

Plate 208. a. PHORADENDRON BRITTONIANUM. The type collection
(Bolivia, Bang, 632). b. P. PTERONEURON. A flowering specimen
(Brazil, Robert, 439). Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 209. PHORADENDRON PTERONEURON. a. A small-leaved spe-
cimen (Brazil, Riedel, 1829) ; photographed by permission at Copen-
hagen, b. A round-leaved specimen (Brazil, Gardner, 1677) ; photo-
graphed by permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 210. a. PHORADENDRON FRAGILE. One of the original collec-
tions, all very fragmentary (Brazil, Glaziou, 22023) ; photographed
by permission at Dahlem. b. P. TUNAEFORME. The type collection of
Viscum articulatum and of V. tunaeforme (Brazil, Pohl, 1928) ; photo-
graphed by permission in the Natural History Museum at Vienna.

Plate 211. a. PHORADENDRON EGGERSH. The type (Ecuador, Eg-
gers, 15229). b. P. FENDLERIANUM. The type (Venezuela, Fendler,
1102) . Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 212. PHORADENDRON PARADOXUM. The type (Venezuela,
Karsten, 5) : a, reduced two-thirds ; b, natural size. Photographed by
permission at Dahlem.

Plate 213. PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM. The type of Viscum
crassifolium (Brazil, Pohl, 457). Photographed by permission: a, in
the de Candolle herbarium at Geneva ; b, in the Natural History Mu-
seum at Vienna.

Plate 214. a. PHORADRENDON CRASSIFOLIUM. The type of P. pe-
pericarpum (Brazil, Wilkes Expedition) • photographed by permission

184 THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

in the Gray herbarium at Cambridge, b. P. CRASSIFOLIUM MULTIFLO-
RUM. The type (Brazil, Riedel) • photographed by permission at Mu-
nich.

Plate 215. PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM PITTIERI. The type (Gua-
temala, Tonduz, 6863). Photographed at Brussels for Professor
Charles Bommer.

Plate 216. PHORADENDRON MARTINICENSE. a. The type of Viscum
martinicense (Martinique, Sieber, 227} ; photographed by permission
in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva, b. A fruiting specimen (Gua-
deloupe, Duss 3891} ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 217. PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES. a. The type of Loranfhus
piperoides (Colombia, Bonpland, 1871} • photographed by permission
in the Natural History Museum at Paris, b. The type collection of
Viscum Schottii (Brazil, Pohl, 246} ; photographed by permission in
the National Museum at Prag.

Plate 218. PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES. The type of Viscum lauri-
folium (Mexico, Leibold) ; photographed by permission at the German
University in Prag.

Plate 219. PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES. Two specimens of the lau-
rifolium group: a, Mexico, Purpus, 3693; b, Guatemala, Kellerman,
5822.

Plate 220. PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES. The type of Loranthus
torulosus (Colombia, Bonpland, 3808) ; photographed by permission
in the Natural History Museum at Paris.

Plate 221. PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES. a. The typical form of
Viscum saururoides (French Guiana, Patris} ; photographed by per-
mission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva, b. The type of V. tere-
ticaule cubense (Cuba, de la Ossa) ; photographed by permission in
the de Candolle herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 222. PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES. a. The type of Viscum
ellipticum (Mexico, Haenke) ; photographed by permission in the Na-
tional Museum at Prag. b. The type of V. cornifolium (Mexico,
Haenke) ; photographed by permission in the German University at
Prag.

Plate 223. a. PHORADENDRON GARDNERIANUM. The type (Brazil,
Gardner, 2885) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. P. ESSE-
QUIBENSE. The type (British Guiana, Jenman, 2252} ; photographed
by permission at Kew.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 185

Plate 224. PHORADENDRON STRONGYLOCLADOS. a. The type collec-
tion (Brazil, Gardner, 1029) ; photographed by permission in the Gray
herbarium at Cambridge, b. A second collection (Brazil, Gardner,
3205} ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 225. a. PHORADENDRON JOHNSTONI. The type (Cocke Isl.,
Johnston, 10) ; photographed by permission in the Gray herbarium at
Cambridge, b. P. CAESALPINIAE. The type (Brazil, Vie, 7243) ; photo-
graphed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 226. PHORADENDRON SURINAMENSE. The type (Surinam,
Versteeg, 239) ; photographed at Leiden by Dr. I. Boldingh.

Plate 227. PHORADENDRON PLATYCAULON. Two of the type ex-
tremes. (Brazil, Spruce : a, no. 1=226; b, 2=228) . Photographed by
permission : a, in the Grisebach herbarium at Gottingen ; b, at Munich.

Plate 228. a. PHORADENDRON PACHYPHYLLUM. The type (Vene-
zuela, Fendler, 1103ft) ; photographed by permission in the Grisebach
herbarium at Gottingen. b. P. KNOOPII. The type (Venezuela, Knoop,
in, b ) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 229. PHORADENDRON CHRYSOCLADON. a. The type (Brazil,
Wilkes Expedition) ; photographed by permission in the Gray herba-
rium at Cambridge, b. A fruiting specimen (Brazil, Saltzmann, 302) ;
photographed by permission in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 230. PHORADENDRON CHRYSOCLADON. The type of P. reticu-
latum (Brazil, Glaziou, 7664) • photographed by permission at Co-
penhagen.

Plate 231. a. PHORADENDRON MEMBRANACEUM. The type (Ecua-
dor, Sodiro, 148/18) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem. b. P.
QUINQUENERVIUM. The type collection (Costa Rica, Tonduz, 11457) ;
photographed by permission in the U. S. National Museum.

Plate 232. PHORADENDRON SUPRA VENULOSUM. a. The type (Gua-
temala, von Tuerckheim, 8574). b. A fruiting specimen (Guatemala,
von Tuerckheim, 7967) . Both photographed by permission in the U. S.
National Museum.

Plate 233. PHORADENDRON FLAVENS. a. Flowering specimen (Ja-
maica, Watt, 6219) ; photographed for Dr. N. L. Britton at the New
York Botanical Garden, b. Fruiting specimen, one leaf seen from be-
neath ( St. Vincent, Eggers, 6746) ; photographed by permission at
Dahlem.

Plate 234. a. PHORADENDRON TRISULCATUM. The type (Ecuador,
Spruce, 6202) ; photographed by permission at Kew. b. P. URBANI-

186 THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

ANUM. The type (Peru, Vie, 6681} ; photographed by permission at
Dahlem.

Plate 235. PHORADENDRON LINDAVIANUM. The type (Peru, Web-
erbauer, 1288) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 236. PHORADENDRON LAXIFLORUM. The type (Brazil, Vie,
5251 ) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 237. a. PHORADENDRON HUALLAGENSE. The type (Peru, Tile,
6664). b. P. DICHOTOMUM. The type of P. Giordanae (Venezuela,
Knoop, Hi, a). Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 238. PHORADENDRON DICHOTOMUM. a. The type of Viscum
dichotomum (Santo Domingo, Bertero, 710) ; photographed by per-
mission in the National Museum at Prag. b. The type of P. Berteri-
anum (Santo Domingo, Bertero) ; photographed by permission in the
de Candolle herbarium at Geneva.

Plate 239. a. PHORADENDRON DICHOTOMUM (Puerto Rico, Sintenis,
3058). b. P. DICHOTOMUM OVATIFOLIUM. The type (Santo Domingo,
Eggers, 1845). Both photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 240. PHORADENDRON CYMOSUM. The type (Venezuela, Goll-
mer, 1856) ; photographed by permission at Dahlem.

Plate 241. PHORADENDRON GALAPAGEIUM. The type of Viscum
galapageium (Charles Isl., Darwin, 1835) ; photographed for Mr. C. E.
Moss in the Henslow herbarium at the University of Cambridge.

Plate 242. PHORADENDRON HENSLOVII. The type of Viscum Hens-
lovii (Chatham Isl., Darwin, 1835) ; photographed for Mr. C. B. Moss
in the Henslow herbarium at the University of Cambridge.

Plate 243. a. PHORADENDRON HENSLOVTI (Chatham Isl., Steindach-
ner, 67) ; photographed by permission in the Natural History Museum
at Vienna, b. P. UNCINATUM. The type (South Narborough Isl., Snod-
grass & Heller, 325) ; photographed by permission in the Gray herba-
rium at Cambridge.

Plate 244. a. PHORADENDRON CAMPINENSE. The type (Brazil, de
Campos Novaes, 417 in part) ; photographed by permission in the U. S.
National Herbarium, b. P. HOLTONIS. The type (Colombia, Holton,
655) ; photographed by permission in the Boissier herbarium at Cham-
besy.

Plate 245. PHORADENDRON LINDENI. The type ( Colombia, Linden,
846). Photographed by permission: a, in the Natural History Mu-
seum at Vienna ; b, in the Delessert herbarium at Geneva.

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

187

INDEXES
A. COLLECTIONS

Abrams

2687. P. villosum
2749. P. longispicum
3230. P. californicum

— & McGregor

— P. densum

33, 49. P. longispicum

Alderson

705. P. longispicum

Alexander

— P. Grisebachianum

Ames

(1858). P. flavescens

Anderson

— P. flavescens

Andrieux

346. P. calyculatum

347. P. velutinum

Anthony

(1897). P. Townsendi

Applegate

(1899). P. densum

Appun

1783. P. Appuni

Arechavaleta

136. P. falcifrons

Arsene

6. P. Forestierae
8. P. velutinum

7, 10. 896. P. brachystachyum

Aschenborn

— P. velutinum
147. P. villosum

428. P. brachystachyum

Austin

(1876). P. ligatum
698 pp. P. Libocedri
698 pp. P. villosum

Baker (see Earle)

203. P. villosum

2096. P. ceibanum

2559. P. antillarum

2602. P. piperoides
— , Earle & Tracy

92. P. juniperinum
— & Nutting

(1894). P. densum

(1894). P. villosum
Balansa

2495. P. Meliae

2496, 3218. P. Liga

2497. P. Balansae

2498, 4722. P. piperoides

3219. P. falcifrons

3220, 4721. P. Casimiranum

Balbis — see Bertero
Baldwin

307. P. flaveseens

Ball

(1882). P. gracile v.

Bang

363, 2903. P. undulatum
632. P. Brittonianum
632 (ii). P. bolivianum
657, 1717. P. crassifolium

Barber (see Townsend)
(1901). P. villosum

Barkelew

177. P. Townsendi

Barnes & Land
284. P. carneum

Bartlett

6. P. flavescens

Baur

286. P. Henslovii
Beardslee & Kof oid

(1891). P. flavescens

188

THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Belanger

130. P. martinieense

131. P. hexastichum
Bentham herbarium

— P. Tonduzii
Berg

(1904). P. villosum
Berlandier

— P. brachystachyum
678, 2088. P. Engelmanni
1158. P. velutinum
1364. P. tomentosum

Berlin herbarium

— P. velutinum
Bertero

— , 8, 1234. P. antillarum

— P. mucronatum

— P. racemosum

— P. tetrapterum

— , (1820). P. trinervium
439 pp. P. anceps
439 pp. P. chrysoearpum
710, (1821). P. dichotomum

Bessey

(1875). P. villosuir

Beyrich

— • P. piperoides

(1834). P. flavescens
Bidwell

(1890). P. villosum
Bigelow

— , 77. P. flavescens

(1853-4), 5, 5a. P. calif ornicum

(1853-4). P. calif ornicum v.

(1853-4). P. Havardianum

(1854). P. villosum

(1854), 2. P. pauciflorum

1 pp. P. Libocedri

1 pp. P. densum

3, 6. P. juniperinum

3 pp. P. macrophyllum

7. P. villosum v.

8, 9. P. Coryae
Biltmore herbarium

4339a, P. flavescens

Bioletti (see Michener)
1892. P. villosum

Biolley

(1892), 7072, 7078, P. piperoides

Bischoff

— P. juniperinum
(1871). P. calif ornicum

Bitting

1079. P. flaveseens

Blanchet

— P. bathyoryctum

Blankinship

(1891). P. villosum

Blasdale

1019. P. villosum
Bloomer

(1863-4). P. ligatum
Blumer

(1905). P. Cockerellii
(1906), 1524, 1957, 1989,

P. capitellatum
95, 105, 109, 110, 1532, 1956, 1990.

P. juniperinum
129, 197, 1514, 1516, 1521, 1976,

3601. P. Coryae

1520, 1523, 1533, 1946. P. macro-
phyllum

1517, 1534-5. P. macrophyllum f.
1531. P. Coryae f.
Bolander

(1866). P. ligatum

2670. P. longispicum

2671. P. villosum
Boldingh

1660. P. trinervium

Bonpland

1795. P. quadrangulare
3508. P. angustifolium
3798. P. viscifolium
3808. P. piperoides

Bosc

— P. flavescens

Botteri

873. P. nervosun

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

189

Boundary Survey

1235. P. Bolleanum

1236. P. californieum v.
Bourgeau

572. P. brachystachyum

782, 1004, 1116. P. velutinum

1473, 1483, 2546, 3034. P. nervo-
sum

1482. P. Wawrae

1962, 2175. P. piperoides
Brace

3428, 4643. P. rubrum

4461. P. trinervium

5325. P. Northropiae
Brainerd

(1911). P. flavescens

Brandegee

(1879), 1234. P. juniperinum

(1889, 1892). P. ealifornieum

(1889, 1892). P. Coryae

(1889). P. Diguetii

(1889). P. peninsulare

(1889). P. saccatum

(1892). P. globuliferum

(1892). P. tumidum

(1893). P. Libocedri

(1893). P. pauciflorum

(1904). P. Guazumae

512. P. Eduardi
Braunton

792. P. longispicum

1258. P. villosum
Brendel

(1860). P. flaveseens
Brenes

14406, 14519. P. gracilispicum

14407. P. Tonduzii

Brewer

113. P. longispicum
564. P. villosum
865. P. deneum

Britton (see Harris)
(1892). P. flavescens
165, 1950, 1985, 2052, 2119, 2840,
3668. P. antillarum

Britton — continued
180, 3968. P. flavens
355. P. Wattii
807, 1895, 1927, 3068, 3795, 3905.

P. domingense
813. P. tetrapterum
965, 977, 1467, 3144, 3215. P. Grise-

bachianum

1985, 2119, 2415. P. antillarum v.
2687. P. piperoides
2991, 3283, 3668. P. gracile
3703, 3734, 3765, 3773. P. Camp-

bellii

— & Brace

832. P. rubrum
— , Britton & Cowell
10241. P. antillarum
13106. P. Gundlachii

- & Marble

1946. P. chrysocarpum
— & Wilson
5579. P. antillarum

- & Cowell

1293. P. trinervium

1301, 1352. P. chrysocarpum

12553. P. antillarum

- & Shafer

12919. P. antillarum v.
12928. P. piperoides
— , Earle & Wilson
4585, 4687. P. antillarum

- & Hollick
1861. P. Fici

1890. P. domingense
2772. P. Grisebachianum

— & Marble

2245. P. antillarum
2248. P. trinervium

— & Millspaugh

5867, 6325. P. rubrum

— & Shafer
1640. P. Helleri
1644. P. antillarum
1831. P. chrysocarpum
1844. P. trinervium

190

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Britton, Stevens & Hess
2470, 4888. P. piperoides
2535, 2569. P. racemosum
2564. P. tetrapterum

— & Wilson

4886, 5644. P. antillarum

Broadhead

(1887). P. Engelmanni

Broadway

1019. P. flavens v.

1021, 1894. P. hexastiehum

1021b, 1873, 3982. P. piperoides

2596. P. martinicense
Brown (see Heller)

51. P. Grisebachianum

114. P. flavescens

394. P. antillarum

921. P. longispicum

953. P. viUosum

Bruce

687. P. Libocedri

1786. P. villosum
Brummel — see Wright
Buchtieu

163, 1411. P. semiteres

3156. P. Kuntzei
Buck

319. P. mucronatum

454. P. dichotomum
Buckley

— P. flavescens
Burchell

2129. P. linearifolium

3124, 3165. P. crassifolium

3313. P. piperoides

4396. P. undulatum

4559. P. craspedophyllum
Burrall

1125. P. Coryae

1126. P. macrophyllum
1127-9. P. juniperinum

Bush

(1899), 526. P. flavescens
1160. P. flavescens v.

Butler

565. P. villosum

1071. P. densum
Buysman

(1883). P. flavescens
Campbell

(1896), 6384, 6400. P. gracile

6383, 6387, 6398 pp., 6581, 6604-5,
6676, 6714, 6781, 7264, 8138, 9568,
10175. P. domingense

6385-6, 6401. P. Wattii

6398 pp., 6604. P. Campbellii
de Campos Novaes

417 pp. P. campinense

417 pp. P. crassifolium
Canby

(1869). P. macrotomum

(1880). P. flavescens
Carter — see Small
Catesby

— • P. rubrum

Chadbourne

— P. flavescens
Chamberlain

— P. densum

Chandler (see Hall)
(1897) P. longispicum
5456 pp. P. californicum
5456 pp., 6043. P. villosum

Chesnut

595 P. villosum

Christ

1960. P. racemosum
2096. P. dichotomum
2232. P. piperoides

von Christman

— P. carneum
Clark

(1857). P. flavescens
Clarke

1-5. P. villosum
Claussen

— , 44-5. P. piperoides

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

191

Clausssen — continued
43. P. crassifolium
113, 252. P. emarginatum

Clendon

(1871). P. ligatum

Coffman

(1913). P. densum

Cohoon

7. P. Coryae
Coker

(1911). P. flavescens

303, 558. P. rubrum
Combs

299. P. antillarum

347-8. P. rubrum
Congdon

(1903). P. Libocedri

(1903). P. pauciflorum
Conzatti

(1897). P. Conzattii v.

(1913). P. carneum

2124. P. brevifolium

2198. P. brachystachyum

2199. P. Eobinsonii

— & Gomez.

2380. P. Conzattii

— & Gonzalez

72. P. brachystaehyum

295. P. calyculatum v.

1187. P. Conzattii v.
- & Vasquez

1476. P. brachystachyum
Cooper

(1860-1861). P. calif ornicum v.

(1861). P. villosum v.

593.1. P. Cooperi
Copeland

3542. P. densum
Cory

(1911). P. Coryae
Coues & Palmer

323. P. Coryae
Coulter

21. P. velutinum

Coville

1074, 1915. P. Coryae

1351. P. ligatum

1352. P. densum
1617. P. calif ornicum
1946. P. juniperinum

— & Funston

130, 589. P. densum

279. P. calif ornicum v.

307. P. ligatum

1192. P. pauciflorum

1729. P. Libocedri
Cowell (see Britton)

626. P. racemosum

753. P. antillarum
Cowen

(1892). P. juniperinum
Crawford

783. P. Grisebachianum
Crueger

111, 2720. P. flavens v.

305. P. trinervium

1649, 2724. P. piperoides
Cuming

(1823). P. flaveseens

184. P. angustifolium
Curran

(1886). P. Libocedri
Curtis

(1852). P. flavescens
Curtiss

(1872). P. flavescens

2459, 4569. P. maerotomum
Cusick

2637. P. ligatum

2760a. P. densum
Czermak & Eeineek

199. P. bathyoryctum

312, 637. P. ensifolium

367. P. piperoides
Darlington

— P. flavescens
Darwin

(1835). P. galapageium

(1835). P. Henslovii

192

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Davidson

(1898). P. flavescens

5929. P. californicum
Davis — see Pammel
Davy

45. P. ealifornieum

205, 2603. P. densum

551. P. villosum

2027. P. paueiflorum

de la Ossa

(1825). P. hexastichum

de la Sagra

— P. antillarum
de Pedeguara

2690. P. amplifolium

Deam

6099. P. robustissimum v.
Dean

— P. flavescens
Department of Agriculture

— P. californicum
Dewey

— • P. californicum v.

644. P. piperoides
Diedrick

118. P. flavescens
Diehl

296. P. juniperinum

570. P. Coryae
Diguet

(1894). P. Diguetii

107. P. carneum

108. P. Reiehenbachianum

109. P. brachystachyum
111. P. calyculatum v.

Dodson

(1896). P. flavescens
Douglass

(1887). P. juniperinum
Drake

15115. P. Coryae

15116-7, 15120, 15121. P. macro-
phyllum

15118. P. capitellatum

Drew

(1889). P. villosum

Drummond

140. P. flavescens

du Barry

(1865). P. coloradense

Ducke

2513. P. crassif oaum
2530b. P. piperoides

Duges
30, 266a. P. carneum

Don

100, 4156. P. mucronatum

101 pp., 1374b pp., 2966, 2969 pp.,

3902 pp., 4418 pp. P. chrysocar-

pum

101 pp., 2969 pp., 4418 pp. P. pi-
peroides
102, 960, 1373, 2968 pp., 4099, 4417.

P. trinervium
1374b pp., 2969 pp., 3891, 3902 pp.,

3904, 413 7a. P. martinieense
1375, 4137, 4415. P. hexastichum
2966 pp., 3904 pp., 4157, 4418 pp.

P. Herminieri
2968 pp., 2969 pp., 3904 pp., 4099

pp., 4417 pp. P. Dussii

Earle — see Baker; Tracy; Underwood

— & Baker

(1897). P. flaveseens

— & Tracy

334. P. juniperinum

Eastwood

(1894). P. villosum v.
(1896), 3542. P. densum
(1897-8). P. pauciflorum

Eaton

1310. P. Eatoni

Eby

— P. macrophyllum

(1888, 1893, 1894). P. flavescens

Edgerton

— P. flavescens

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

193

Edmunds

— P. flavescens
Eggers

93, 965, 1651, 1983, 3328, 4782. P.
antillarum

661, 946, 6398. P. flavens v.

880 pp., 926, 1147. P. chrysocarpum

880 pp., 1741, 2011. P. racemosum

1400, 4668, 4724, 4902, 6077, 6396.
P. piperoides

1682. P. aneepa

1845. P. dichotomum v.

1899. P. hexastichum

3847, 3877. P. rubrum

6140. P. hexastichum v.

7060. P. trinervium

13335. P. Ottonia

14829. P. quadrangulare

15229. P. Eggersii
Eggert

(1892, 1896), 450. P. flavescens
Ehrenberg

— • P. tomentosum

13. P. antillarum

422 pp. P. brachystachyum

422 pp. P. velutinum

1011. P. pachyarthron
Elmer

1758, 3794. P. villosum

3607. P. densum
Emanuel

1. P. antillarum

Endlich

634, 1048. P. velutinum

689. P. calif ornicum v.

1138. P. nervosum

1164. P. ligatum

1170, 1220, 1267. P. puberulum v.

1219. P. Schumann!

1222. P. Bolleanum

1895. P. Eobinsonii

1899. P. brachystachyum

1899a. P. Forestierae
Endres

139. P. supravenuloaum

Engelmann

— P. Coryae

— P. densum
— • P. villosum

1840), 706. P. flavesceng
(1880). P. calif ornieum
(1880). P. Libocedri
(1880). P. macrophyllum
707. P. flavescens v.

— & Sargent

(1880). P. calif ornicum v.
(1880). P. densum

Faxon

(1873). P. flavescens
Fendler

— P. flavescens

112, 136, 654. P. piperoides
281. P. juniperinum
• 651, 1117, 1341, 1810. P. venezue-
lense

1102. P. Fendlerianum

1103. 1103|8. P. pachyphyllum

1104. P. polygynum

1105. P. rigidum

1106. P. tubulosum

1108. P. ovalifolium

1109. P. gracilispicum

1110. 1111, 1761. P. tovarense
1115. P. cuneifolium

1762. P. longipetiolatum
1811. P. bilineatum
2396. P. crassifolium

Ferriss

— P. californieum v.

— P. Engelmanni

— P. juniperinum

— P. macrophyllum
Fiebrig

32, 4981. P. obovatifolium
51, 511. P. piperoidea
2174. P. tucumanense
Field Museum herbarium

— P. Greggil
Finley

(1900). P. villosum

194

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Fitch (see Rose; Shafer)
(1849). P. villosum

Foeke

— P. racemosum
716. P. dimidiatum
1019. P. obtusissimum

Frank

(1835, 1837). P. flaveseens
Fraser

(1860). P. Verleyseni v.
Fredholm

6474. P. macrotomum
Fremont

106. P. macrophyllum
Friedriehsthal

(1841). P. robustissimum v.

(1841). P. Tonduzii

1625. P. tamaulipense
Fuertea

240, 1175, 1393. P. mucronatum

275, 927. P. cerinocarpum

383, 827. P. antillarum

1531b. P. Helleri v.
Funcko

295. P. Ottonis
Funston — see Coville
Gabriel

(1802). P. Perrottetii

(1802). P' piperoides
Galeotti

2692. P. brachystachyum

2694. P. Galeottii

2695. P. piperoides

2696. P. calyculalum
Garber

24. P. antillarum
Gardner

436. P. nitidum

1028, 1321, 1323, 1673-4, 2619. P.
Martianum

1029, 3205. P. strongyloclados

1319, 2625. P. coriaeeum

1320, 1678, 1960. P. piperoides
2617. P. piauhyanum

Gardner — continued

1324-5. P. microphyllum
1669. P. cearense v.
1670-1. P. emarginatum
1672. P. dipterum
1673-4. P. Wiesnerianum

1675. P. cearense

1676. 1679. P. productipes

1677. P. pteroneuron

1680, 2618, 2621, 2626,3762-3,3765.

P. bathyoryctum
1958. P. tunaeforme
2620, 2881. P. crassifolium
2622. P. craspedophylloides
2885. P. Gardnerianum

3764, "3765." P. congestum

3765. P. maerarthrum
Gaudichaud

(1833), 473, 573. P. ulophyllum

567. P. Martianum

574. P. acinaeifolium
Gaumer

561 pp. P. Gaumeri

561 pp. P. yucatanum

876. P. verniccsum
Gilbert

(1873). P. calif ornicum

(1874). P. Coryae

(1883). P. macrotomum

104. P. macrophyllum
Gillies

— P. Liga
Girard

— P. Coryae

— P. juniperinum
Glaziou

1428, 1431, 1432, 4008, 7661. P. pi-
peroides

1432-3, 1460, 4004 pp., 4005, 7666,
14884. P. crassifolium

1462. P. pteroneuron

2598 pp., 8728, 14887 pp. P. Mar-
tianum

2598, 8728. P. microphyllum

4003, 6893, 8243. P. undulatum

4004 pp. P. Glaziovil

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

195

Glaziou — continued

4009, 7663, 8730. P. ulophyllum

4010. P. coriaceum v.

4012. P. Warmingii

4013. P. nitidum
6073. P. acinacifolium
7664. P. chrysocladon
8729. P. holoxanthum v.

9419, 9468, 12032-3, 13926. P. line-

arifolium

9861, 14887, P. emarginatum
10898, 11608, 22023. P. fragile
139-ua. P. platycaulon
22021. P. Crulsii
22024. P. tunaeforme
Gleason

(1902). P. flavescens

Goldman

178. P. ligatum
Gollmer

(1854). P. granaticolum

(1854). P. venezuelense

(1855). P. caracasanum

(1856). P. cymosum
Gomez — see Conzatti
Gonzalez — see Conzatti

Goodding (see Kennedy)

725 pp. P. californicum v.

725 pp., 884, 1026 pp. P. juniperi-
num

1026 pp., 2135, 2139. .P. californi-
cum

2149. P. Bolleanum

Graham

(1911). P. flavescens
231. P. brachystachyum
233. P. Eeichenbachianum

Grant

977, 4517 pp. P. Libocedri
4517 pp., 4533. P. villosum

— & Wheeler

979, 6243. P. villosum

Graves

1697. P. longispicum

Gray

(1842). P. macrotomum
Greene

(1880). P. californicum

(1880). P. capitellatum

(1880). P. Coryae f.

(1880). P. juniperinum
Greenman

120. P. commutatum

1140. P. vernieosum
Gregg

31, 254. P. Greggii

255. P. lanceolatum

399. P. saltillense

722. P. Eeichenbachianum

725. P. brachystachyum

745. P. carneum

895. P. puberulum

903. P. commutatum

1202. P. mazatlanum
Gregory

(1890). P. villosum
Griffiths

(1912), 2019, 3539. P. californicum

(1912). P. longispieum

1797, 2678, 3644, 3676. P. macro-
phyllum

2616, 3454. P. Coryae

3674, 6144. P. macrophyllum f.

11135. P. juniperinum
— & Hunter

405. P. ligatum
- & Thornber

191. P. macrophyllum v.

205. P. californicum
Griggs — see Underwood
Grinnell

399, 402. P. longispicum
Grisebach herbarium

— P. nervosum

— P. piperoides
Guedes

2365. P. piperoides
Guilding

— P. flavens v.

196

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Guilding — continued

— P. hexastiehum

— P. trinervium

Guillemin

43. P. crassifolium

185. P. Martianum

1472. P. chrysocarpum
Habel

(1868). P. Henslovii
Haenke

— P. obliquum

— P. piperoides

— P. quadrangulare
Hahn

(1865-6). P. Purpusi

(1865-6). P. Eobinsonii

296, 1383, 1385. P. mucronatum

298. P. martinicense

550, 783, 1132. P. chrysocarpum

1386. P. hexastiehum

410. P. velutinum

456. P. villosum
Hall

2531. P. villosum

2565. P. Libocedri

6014. P. californicum
— & Chandler

527. P. Libocedri
Hansen

(1887), 74, 721 pp. P. Libocedri

(1897). P. gracile

(1897). P. Grisebachianum

720. P. villosum

721 pp. P. ligatum

1310. P. antillarum
Harper

1888. P. flavescens
Harris

6203. P. flavens

6341, 6376, 6397, 10202, 10861. P.
Grisebachianum

6384, 6392, 6400, 6544, 6585, 6661.
P. gracile

6393, 6545, 6576, 6926. P. tetrap-
terum

Harris — continued

6395, 6402, 6599, 6680, 6711, 969".

P. Wattii
6383, 6552, 6781, 7264, 10175. P.

domingense

6577, 6584, 6927. P. antillarum
6659. P. crenulatum
9220. P. Fiei
10188. P. Wattii f.
10339. P. piperoides
- & Britton
10519. P. Wattii
10529. P. trinervium

Harshbergcr

1912. P. Eatoni
Hart

(1896). P. trinervium

6101. P. Hartii

6116. P. venezuelense

6118. P. piperoides
Hartman

944. P. capitellatum

945. P. californicum v.

946. P. macrophyllum f.
Harvey

(1829). P. trinervium
Hasse

— P. densum

— P. flavescens

(1889, 1893), 4626. P. longispicum
Hassler

191. P. acinaeifolium

298. P. obovatifolium

913, 6364. P. piperoides

2732, 7551. P. Liga

7436. P. Balansae v.
Havard

(1881). P. Cockerellii

82, 84. P. Havardianum

83. P. Bolleanum
Hay — see Eose
Hayes

323, 829. P. venezuelense
616. P. piperoides

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

197

Haynald herbarium
— P. chrysocarpuin

Heald

(1909, 1911). P. Engelmanni

Hedge ock

422, 427. P. Engelmanni

784, 1512, 1654-5, 3993, 4911, 4939,

8136, 9319, 9833, 15980. P. juni-

perinum

841, 9953. P. Cockerellii
815-7, 842-3, 4853, 4872-3, 4916,

41)21-2, 4940, 9860, 15100, P. Co-

ryae

1893, 1896, 4840. P. villosum
1895, 1898. P. Liboeedri
4915. P. densum

4923. P. longispicum

4924, 4933. P. macrophyllum
8269. P. tiavescd-ja

9685. P. capitellarum

— & Long

4829, 9720. P. paueiflorum
9677-8, 9686, 9688, 9830-32, 9855. P.

Ccryae

9692. P. macrophyilum
9696. 9814. P. californicum
9815. P. californicum v.
9817, 9854, 9862. P. juniperinum
9861. P. Cockerellii

— & Meinecke

4805, 4830. P. Libocedri
4829. P. paueiflorum
Hedrick

180. P. jumperiiittm

181. P. Coryae
Heller (see Snodgrass)

(1896). P. californicum
205, 6186. P. antiUarum
514. P. racemosum
750. P. flavescens
1376. P. Engelmanni v.
3534. P. juniperinum
6161. P. trinervium
6188. P. Helleri
10464. P. californicum v.

Heller & Brown

5036. P. villosum
Henry

(1890). P. fiavescens
Herrick

133. P. Coryae

985. P. juniperinum
Hess (see Britton)

675. P. hexastiehum

1913. P. piperoides

5402. P. antillarum
Heyde & Lux

3140. P. Heydeanum

3141. P. uspantanum
Hieronymus (see Lorentz)

(1873), 421. P. Hieronymi
419. P. argentinum
729. P. Liga

— & Lorentz

237. P. argentinum

— & Niederlein
(1878). P. crassif olium
165. P. pruinosum

Hillebrand

(1863). P. villosum
Hillman

11715. P. ligatum
Hinds

(1841). P. Robinsonii
Hioram

(1912). P. antillarum
Hitchcock

(1890). P. antillarum

(1890). P. rubrum

(1890). P. Wattii
Hoffmann

219. P. Cooperi

360. P. robustissimum

378. P. ceibanum

809. P. gracilispicum
Holliek (see Brittoa)

(1880). P. viUosum
Holmes

(1906). P. paueiflorum f.

198

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Holstein

— P. Engelmanni

Holton

654-5. P. Eoltonis
656. P. quadrangulare

Hooker herbarium

— P. ehrysocarpum

— P. flavens v.
Hopkins — see Munson

Hopping

263. P. longispicum

264. P. villosum

Horn

(1863). P. villosum

Hostmann (& Kappler)
729 P. piperoides

Hottes

(1914). P. juniperinum
(1914). P. Libocedri
(1914). P. villosum

Hough

— P. densum

18, 87. P. juniperinum

Howell

(1884, 1887). P. Libocedri
(1884), 1264. P. villosum

Huber
469. P. affine

Hulst

(1893). P. flavescens

Humboldt

— P. minutif olium

Hunter — see Griffiths

Hutchens

(1900). P. Libocedri
(1900). P. villosum

Im Thurn

(1897). P. raesmosum

Imray

— P. trinervium
212. P. chrysocarpum
216, 386. P. flavens v.

Isert

(1787). P. tetrapterum
(1787). P. trinervium

Jack

(1907). P. villosum

James

(1879). P. longispicum

Jameson

— P. parietarioides
608. P. Verleyseni

Jenman

650, 1218, 2221, 2545, 3781, 3868,

4747. P. piperoides
1217, 2533, 3628, 7433. P. crassi-

folium

2218, 4055. P. racemosum
2247, 3795, 4821. P. Perrottetii
2252. P. essequibense
2539, P. obtusissimum

2541, 4678. P. Jenmani

2542. P. carinatum
2546. P. demerarae
3801. P. apertum

Jepson

(1894). P. longispicum v.

(1894). P. villosum

(1894, 1904). P. longispicum

Jenny

(1904). P. Engelmanni
(1904). P. Engelmanni v.

Johnson

8270, 8279. P. juniperinum

Johnston

10. P. Johnston!

Jones

(1882), 3703. P. densum

(1882), 3028. P. villosum

(1884, 1905, 1906, 1907). P. calif or-

nicum

(1884, 1903). P. capitellatum
(1884). P. Cockerellii
(1884). P. coloradense
(1900), 2081, 2095aa, 4041, 6045.

P. juniperinum
(1900). P. pauciflorum

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

199

J ones — continued

(1903). P. Bolleanum

(1903). P. ligatum

(1903), 4041, 4253. P. Coryae

(1903, 1904), 5013. P. calif ornicum
v.

(1903). P. puberulum v.

570. P. carneum

3028. P. longispicum

3734. P. villosum

4279, 4281. P. macrophyllum v.
Jon ea herbarium

2469. P. flavescens
Joor

— P. Engelmanni

Jordan

8296, 8332. P. villosum

Kalbreyer

353. P. gracilispicum
Kappler — see Hostmann
Karsten

— • P. polygynum

5. P. paradoxum
Karwinski

(1833). P. longifolium

(1844). P. Schumann!

— P. calyculatum

— P. Eobinsonii

— P. tamaulipense
Kearney

2356. P. flavescens
Kellerman

4541. P. velutinum

4551, 4829. P. vulcanieum

4720. P. eommutatum

5100. P. robustissimum v.

5154-5. P. multiflorum

5604, 5612, 5728, 5972. P. zacapa-
num

5822. P. piperoides
Kellogg

(1909). P. flaveseens v.
Kennedy & Goodding

57. P. calif ornicum v.

Kerber
34, 351. P. nervosum

87. P. Kobinsonii

88. P. brachystachyum
301. P. piperoiden
1990. P. tamaulipense

Killingsworth

(1915). P. flavescens

Kirkwood (see Lloyd)
147. P. tomentosum

Knieskern

— P. flavescens

Knoop

iii. P. venezuelense

iii b. P. Knoopii
Knowlton

188. P. juniperinum

Kofoid — seo Beardslee

Korthala

(1843). P. fiavescens

Krebs
101. P. flavescens

Krug

537. P. chrysocarpum

538. P. antillarum

Kuntze

(1874). P. villosum

— P. afline

3, 4, 36. P. bathyoryctum

5. P. Liga

6. P. Meliae

9. P. hypericif olium

10. P. falcifrons

15. P. reductum

16, 17, 679. P. piperoides
18, 19. P. emarginatum
20. P. Kuntzei

219, 415. P. racemosum
426. P. tetrapteruia
495. P. antillarum
1597. P. tubulosum
3168. P. densum
23231. P. juniperinum

200

THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Kurtz

6772, 8434. P. Liga

6783. P. Hieronymi

6784. P. Balansae
Land — see Barnes

Lapham

1874. P. flavescens

Lay

(1903). P. Coekerellii

L 'Herminier

a. P. Herminieri
Le Jolis herbarium

— P. Ottonis
871. P. antillarum

Lehmann

3565, 8538. P. gracilispicum

6667. P. Trianae
Leiberg

285. P. ligatum

3150. P. Libocedri

3152. P. pauciflorum

3161. P. densum

3215. P. longispieum

Leibold

— P. piperoides
Lemmon (see Parry)

(1875, 1879). P. Libocedri
(1875, 1879). P. ligatum
(1875). P. villosum

266. P. capitellatum

267. P. ealifornicum v.
Leprieur

97, 194-5. P. Perrottetii
Levy

1293. P. ceibanum

Lewers

(1892). P. Libocedri

— P. ligatum

Liebmann*

— P. piperoides

2, 3098-9, 3100. P. commutatum

Liebmann — continued

3, 3089, 5, 3090. P. nervosum

4, 3097. P. Purpusi

6, 3085. P. Oliverianum

7, 11, 3083. P. braehystaehyum

8, P. colipense

9, 3102. P. Eobinsonii

12, 3080, 13, 3106. P. amplifolium
16, 3084. P. brevifolium
Lighthipe

(1897). P. macrotomum

Lillo

5414. P. tucumanensc
20256. P. Hieronymi

Lindberg

253. P. undulatum
253a. P. nitidum

Linden

43. P. crassifolium
538. P. calyeulatum
541. P. Galeottii
796. P. Briquetianum
846. P. Lindeni
1960. P. piperoides

Lindheimer

115, 227, 406, 445, 1120, 1121, 1122.
P. Engelmanni

Link herbarium
— P. craspedophylloides

Lloyd

(1907). P. calif ornicum
(1907). P. macrophyllum
147. P. tomentosum

207. P. Herminieri

208. P. flavens v.
463. P. trinervium
765. P. hexastichum

— & Kirkwood

15. P. tomentosum
Lofgren

799. P. crassifolium

1074. P. tunaeforme

*The smaller numbers are the originals, under which the specimens are cited by
Oliver ; the others, those of the herbarium sheets as now numbered.

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

201

Long (see Hedgcock)

12041. P. Engelmanni v.

12048. P. flavescens v.

15103. P. Engelmanni

15133, 15155-6, 15180-1, 15214,
15242. P. macrotomum

15169. P. flavescens
Lorentz — see Hieronymus

344, 395, 431, 471, 478. P. Liga

364, 432, 468. P. Hieronymi

382, 688. P. pruinosum

632, 1779, 1879, 4772. P. falcifrons
— & Hiernonymus

219, 420. P. Liga

223, 235, .335, 782. P. tucumanense
Lumholtz

30. P. californieum
Lund

21. P. bathyoryetum

385. P. piperoides
Lunt

6117. P. Hartii

6118. P. piperoides
Lusehnath

— P. crassif olium

(1835). P. piperoicles

(1839). P. crassif olium v.
Lux — see Heyde
Lyon (see Bobinsou)

(1900). P. Lyoni

(1905). P. ligatum
Mandon

1467. P. Mandonii
Manning

58. P. ligatum

Marble (see Britton)

231. P. Wattii
March

1316. P. trinervium
Marker

(1901). P. flavescena
Martens

1622. P. crassif olium

Martin

— P. flavescens

— P. Perrottetii
von Martius

— P. acinacifolium

— P. affine

— P. bathyoryctum

— P. coriaceum

— P. crassifolium

— P. emarginatum

— P. habrostachyum

— P. minor

— P. multifoveolatum

— P. platycaulon

— P. tunaeforme
Mathews

(1846). P. Mathewsi

Matthes

573. P. Engelmanni

Matthews

(1883). P. juniperinum

Maxon

1675. P. antillarum
4337. P. piperoides

Mac Dougal

(1904). P. californieum
142. P. juniperinum
612. P. macrophyllum

McCarthy

— P. flaveseens
1879. P. flavescens

McClatchie

(1893). P. pauciflorum
(1893). P. villosum

McCrory — see von Schrenk
McFadyen

— P. flavens

McGregor — see Abrams

McNab

68. P. trinervium

Mearns

164. P. macrophyllum
171. P. flavescens v.

202

THE GENUS PHOEADENDBON

Mearns — continued

172, 300, 2485, 2529. P. capitella-
tum

391, 1633, 1760, 2395, 2427, 2479,
2528, 2643. P. Coryae

2644. P. calif ornieum v.

2742, 2894. P. californicum

3013, 3198. P. densum

3617, 3767. P. villosum
Meek

(1889). P. flavescens

Meinecke — see Hedgcock
Meislahn

155. P. macrotomum

Mell

(1907). P. macrotomum

Menzel
— • P. Engelmanni v.

Merton

2073. P. capitellatum

Metcalfe

26, 31. P. Cockerellii

737. P. juniperinum

925. P. Coryae

Mexico — see Boundary Survey
Meyer

720. P. piperoidea
Michener & Bioletti

(1893). P. villosum
Moeller

— P. piperoides
Moore

534. P. crassifolium

954. P. affine
Morgan — see Pollard
Moritz

307. P. venezuelense
Morong

358, 1546. P. acinacifolium

618. P. Liga

954. P. Balansae f.

1582. P. obovatifolium
Mueller

221, 1755. P. brachystachyum

Mueller — continued

1219. P. nervosum

1570. P. tainaulipense
Muhlenberg

639. P. flavescens

Mulford

141. P. Havardianum
374. P. juniperinum
670. P. Coryae

Munro

15109, 15110. P. Coryae
15111, 15112. P. juniperinum

Munson and Hopkins
(1889). P. juniperinum

Nash

98. P. mucronatum
150a. P. raeemosum
633. P. dichotomum
- & Taylor

947, 1021, 1314, 1342. P. rubrum
1151. P. dichotomum
1251. P. piperoides
1322. P. antillarum

Nealley

(1890). P. Bolleanum

Nelson

1982, 2018. P. amplifolium

2074. P. calyculatum

2650. P. commutatum

4756, 4921. P. Bolleanum
Neuwied — see Wied-Neuwied
Nicholson

16. P. antillarum

Niederlein

95. P. decussatum

102. P. falcifrons

171, 1277. P. piperoidea
Noack

— • P. piperoides
Northrop

451. P. Northropiae

704. P. raeemosum
Nuttall

— P. flaveseena

INDEX — COLLECTIONS

203

Nuttall — continued

(1834). P. villosum

(1836). P. calif ornicum
Nutting — see Baker
Oersted*

1, 3103. P. Eensoni

3, 3086 pp. P. gracilispicum

3, 3086 pp. P. piperoides

4, 14, 3082, 3096. P. annulatum

5, 3091, 3093. P. Cooperi
Orcutt

— • P. densum

234. P. Libocedri

545. P. paueiflorum

1310, 2027, 2044. P. californicum
v.

1310a. P. villosum

2013. P. californicum
Otto

556. P. venezuelense

565. P. Ottonis
Pabst

554 pp. P. crassifolium

554 pp. P. piperoides
Painter — see Rose
Palmer (see Coues; Parry)

(1853-4). P. Balansae

(1875, 1877). P. juniperinum

(1876). P. macrophyllum

21, 81. P. tamaulipense

79. P. ligatum

84. P. Schumann!

85. P. guadalupense
88. P. globuliferum
103, 291. P. thyrsoideum
119. P. Palmeri

254. P. flavescens
270. P. californicum v.

440. P. villosum

441. 506, 665. P. californicum

442. P. densum
719. P. carneum

777. P. tomentosum

778. P. Bolleanum
882. P. Eduardi

Pammel

(1888). P. Engelmanni

— & Davis

114. P. villosum
Paris herbarium

— P. platycaulon

198. P. piperoidea
Parish

680. P. longispicum

684. P. californicum

899. P. densum v.

970, 3005, 5071. P. Libocedri

1073. P. villosum

1443. P. paueiflorum

1444. P. ligatum
Parry (see Wright)

(1877). P. californicum v.
877. P. Libocedri

— & Lemmon

373. P. Libocedri

— & Palmer

799. P. falcatum
799%. P. thyrsoideum

Parsons

(1877). P. juniperinum

Patris

— P. piperoides
Paul of Wuertemberg

(1831). P. velutinum
Pavon

— P. angustif olium
— • P. brachystachyum

— P. semiteres

Pearce

(1864). P. tucumancnse

Peck

444, 530. P. piperoides
824. P. crassifolium v.

Peckolt

624. P. crassifolium
de Pedeguara

2690. P. amplifolium

*See note under Lehmann.

204

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Perriam
— P. flaveseens

Perrottet

(1820). P. racemosum
(1820), 229. P. piperoides
(1824). P. trinervium
228. P. Perrottetii

Picarda

5a, 16a. P. racemosum

72, 132b, 301, 448. P. antillarum

215. P. dichotomum

1605. P. piperoides

1623. P. hexastichum

1640, 1666. P. haitense

Pilsbry

(1904). P. macrotomum

(1906). P. capitellatum

(1906). P. Coryae and f.

(1906). P. juniperinum
Pittier (see also Tonduz)

816, 14117. P. crispum

1258, 2932, 3312. P. graeilispicum

1637. P. robustissimum v.

2604. P. venezuelense

3345, 3357, 3903. P. piperoides

3900, 6638. P. eeibanum

3901-2, 6580. P. crassifolium v.

Pittmann

(1902). P. flaveseens

Plank

(1895). P. juniperinum

Platt

(1894). P. longispicum

Poeppig

(1824). P. antillarum

(1829-30). P. Linda vianum

2859. P. crassifolium f.
Pohl

(1828), 246, 4319. P. piperoides

106. P. ensifolium

245, 4583. P. microphyllum

273. P. lanceolato-ellipticum

457. P. crassifolium

544. P. affine

Pohl — continued
568. P. undulatum
1928. P. tunaeforme

Poiteau

— • P. anceps

(1819-21, 1824). P. piperoides

617. P. dichotomum

Pollard & Morgan
247a. P. flaveseens

Pond

183. P. Libocedri

189, 192. P. villosum

191. P. densum
Powell

— P. flaveseens

Pratten

— • P. ligatum

Prax

(1854). P. antillarum

Prenleloup

507. P. racemosum
Preuss

1372. P. robustissimum v.

Price

— P. flaveseens

Pringle

(1881). P. calif ornicum v.

(1881). P. Coryae

(1883), 845. P. Greggii

(1884). P. calif ornieum

(1884), 1358. P. juniperinum

(1884). P. macrophyllum

(1885), 256. P. Bolleanum

80. P. antillarum

1854, 2668, 8647. P. carneum

8191. P. nervosum

4699, 13189. P. calyculatum

4434. P. tequilense

6290. P. Forestierae

6630, 11159, 13188. P. Pringlei

6272, 9467, 13765. P. Robinsonii

6759, 7027, 8009, 11160. P. brachy-

stachyum
8058, 9509, 13190. P. velutinum

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

205

Purdie
— • P. flavens

— P. mucronatum
Purpus

(1912). P. Purpusi

(1912), 2877. P. nervosum

(1912), 3693. 3806. P. piperoides

2. P. juniperinum

1106. P. Greggii

1441, 4087, 5073. P. brachystach-

yum

1777. P. velutinum
2724. P. lanatum
5322. P commutation
5832. P. Eobinsonii

6279. P. calyculatum v.

6280. P. tamaulipense
6401. P. Galeottii

Rafinesque

(1823). P. flavescens
Bamage

1888. P. piperoides

Bansdell

— P. flavescena
Eattan

— P. villosum
(1912). P. longispicum

Eavenel

— P. flavescens
Eaymond

1869. P. flavescens
Eead

— P. flavescens
— • P. trinervium

Eehn & Viereck

(1902). P. capitellatum
Eeineck — see Czermak
Benson

256. P. Eensoni

284. P. robustissimum v.
Eeverchon

837. P. Engelmanni
Bicksecker

302. P. chrysocarpum

Eiedel

(1829). P. pteroneuron

— P. bathyoryctum

— P. chrysocladon

— P. crassifolium and f.

— P. piperoides

— P. platycaulon
— • P. undulatum

Bobert

439. P. pteroneuron

522. P. piperoides
Bobinson & Lyon

(1900). P. Lyoni
Eojas

2732. P. Liga
Eolfa

(1891), 538. P. flavescens
BOM

1525. P. commutatum
1712, 3409. P. scaberrimum
3442. P. Bolleanum
16293. P. brachyphyllum
16354, 16617. P. peninsulare
16562. P. saccatum
16583. P. californicum v.
16780. P. californicum
16848. P. aureum
16862. P. tumidum
— , Fiteh and Bussell
3936. P. cerinocarpum

— & Hay

5873. P. Forestierae
5939. P. Eobinsonii
— , Painter & Bose

9160, 9873. P. brachystachyum
9707. P. lanatum
9742. P. carneum
9877. P. Eobinsonii
9965. P. brevifolium

— & Rose

11259. P. Eobinsonii

11260. P. brachystachyum

— & Bussell

19751. P. emarginatum

19799. P. afline

19908. P. stenopuyllum

206

THE GENUS PHOBADENDEON

Kose & Eussell — continued

20027. P. dipterum

20369. P. fragile
— , Standley & Bussell

12211. P. Engelmanni v.

12574, 13520. P. brachystachyum

13165. P. californieum v.

13846. P. Guazumae

14450. P. commutatum

Boss

148. P. velutinum

459. P. carneum

718. P. nervosum

723. P. Galeottii
Bothrock

261, 510, 814. P. juniperinum

262, 794. P. Coryae
338. P. californieum
362. P. macrophyllum

Bothschuh

464. P. robustissimum v.

Bugel

269b. P. anlillarum

270. P. piperoides
Buiz

— P. peruvianum

— P. piperoides

Busby

(1896). P. raeemosum
(1909). P. Liboeedri
(1910). P. Conzattii
177. P. carneum

389. P. Coryae

390, 7262. P. juniperinum
1387, 1543 pp. P. crassifolium
1542. P. aeinacifolium

1546. P. undulatum

1547. P. bolivianum

Eussell (see Bose)

1889. P. californieum
Safford

1438. P. carneum
Sagot herbarium

296. P. piperoides

1291. P. Perrottetii

Saltzmann

302. P. chrysocladon
Sargent — see Engelmann
Sartorius

— P. piperoides
Saunders

(1906). P. longispicum

Savage & Stull
1174. P. flavescens

Schaffner

188, 459. P. velutinum

Sehenck

2132. P. piperoides
3902. P. Martianum
4238. P. tunaeforme
4282. P. pteroneuron

Scherfee

(1914). P. villosum

Sehiede

402. P. minutifolium

403. P. faleatum
Schmitz

150. P. velutinum

Sehnabel

(1911). P. macrotomum

Schoenfeldt

3045. P. densum
3400. P. villosum
3687. P. coloradense

Schomburgk

— P. piperoides
554. P. racemosum

Sehott

(1855). P. capitellatum

— P. coloradense

— P. piperoides
von Sehrenk

(1912). P. flavescens v.
— & McCrory

(1912). P. flavescens
Schumann

711. P. Schumann!
Schwancke

— P. antillarum

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

207

Schweinitz

(1829). P. flavescens
Schweinitz herbarium

— P. piperoides
Seemann

— • P. Bolleanum

2140. P. Schumanni

2141. P. Reichenbachianum
Seler

119, 1763. P. tlacolulense

422, 4484. P. tamaulipense

4731. P. juniperinum
Selkirk

1771-2. P. Coryae

9816. P. californicum
SeUo

122. P. SeUoi

155. P. craspedophyllum

234. P. craspedophylloides

498. P. piperoidea

511, 597. P. aeinacifoliuin

5266. P. crassifolium

5847. P. holoxanthum
von Seneloh

259. P. piperoides
Shafer (see Britton)

159, 296, 363', 371, 563, 815, 1109,
1622, 11823, 11828, 12109, 12403.
P. antillarum

296, 371. P. rubrum

314, 320, 600, 607, 2003. P. triner-
vium

331, 3270, 8116, 8517, 8601, 8607,
8737. P. piperoides

8590. P. hexastichum

8817. P. dichotomum

12178. P. Gundlachii
— & Fiteh

1472. P. chrysoearpum
Shear

4200, 4206, 4259. P. macrophyllum

Shimek

(1898). P. flavescons
Short

(1852). P. flavescens

Sieber

— P. piperoides

227 pp. P. hexastichum
227 pp. P. martiuicense
Simpson

49. P. macrotomum

— P. Cockerellii
Sintenis

339, 339b pp., 339c, 1270, 1388,

4154, 4391, 4494, 4614, 4840. P.

piperoides
339b pp., 887, 4894, 5297, 6060. P.

chrysoearpum
885, 887b, 3035, 2292b, 3912, 5562,

6624, 6701. P. antillarum
887c, 3034, 3246, 3248. P. triner-

vium
2345b, 2348, 3058, 4288, 6114, 6419.

P. dichotomum
2836, 5383. P. hexastichum
5409, 6758 pp. P. tetrapterum
6758 pp. P. racemosum
Sitgreaves

— P. juniperinum f.
Skehan

(••899). P. juniperinum
Small

(1893). P. flavesceua
— & Carter

8479. P. Northropiae

Smith

(1872). P. macrotomum

34, 1300. P. trinervium

183, 2310. P. flavescens

245 pp., 1305. P. chrysocarpum

245 pp., 248, 263, 1278, 2039. P.

piperoides

297. P. hexastichum
360. P. tamaulipense
374. P. flavens v.

1280. P. venezuelense

1281. P. exiguum

1282. 1285. P. Degenianum

1283. P. Herbert-Smithii

1284. P. sanetae-martae
2097. P. robustissimum v.

208

THE GENUS PHORADENDROX

Smith — continued

2610. P. annulatum

5466. P. villosissimuin

5483. P. densum
Snodgrass & Heller

40, 228, 825. P. Henslovii

325. P. uneinatum

Sodiro

(1871, 1873), 19e, 28-30, 32, 148/29,

148/29b. P. Verleyseni
(1872). P. quadrangulare
(1872, 1874), 148/28. P. piperoides
(1874), 148/21. P. amplectens
a, 148/16. P. obliquum
c, i, 148/20, 148/25. P. parietari-

oides
e, 148/18. P. membranaceum

Solereder

(1893). P. calif ornicum v.
(1893). P. Liboeedri

Soulard

— P. Engelmanni
(1872). P. flavescens

Spaulding

299-301. P. longispieum

302. P. juniperinum
Sprengel herbarium

— P. antillarum

— P. hexastichum

Spruce

(1850-51), 1, 2, 226, 228. P. platy-
caulon

4, 739, 2909. P. piauhyanum

140. P. caripense

732, 904. P. crassifolium f.

1563. P. crassifolium

2112. P. productipes

3480. P. pellucidulum

6202. P. trisuleatum
Stahl

45, 1043. P. antillarum

1043b. P. chrysoearpum
Standley (see Rose; Wooton)

(1906). P. Coryae

525. P. Cockerellii

Stearns

(1911). P. Cockerellii
(1911). P. Engelmanni

Steetz

— P. flaveseens

Steiger

(1894). P. longispieum

Steindachner

67. P. Henslovii
Stevens (see Britton)

— P. flavescens

4817 pp. P. racemosum

4818, 4819, 4828, 4887, 5210, 5211.

P. tetrapterum
5212, 5825b, 5826-9, 5907-8, 5935.

P. antillarum
5825, 5825a, 5899, 5931. P. chryso-

carpum
5825c. P. Helleri

- & Hess

4563, 4988. P. antillarum

4548, 4561. P. trinervium

4888. P. piperoides
Stocking

— P. flavescens

Stokes

(1895). P. Libocedri
(1895). P. longispieum
(1895). P. villosum

Stuckert

11778. P. pruinosum

11778, 13337, 14526, 20248. P. Me-

liae

13363. P. Hieronymi
13363, 18606, 20256. P. Balansae
14569, 16437. P. Liga
20252. P. argentinum

Stuebel

165. P. avenium

Stull — see Savage
Sumicrast
341. P. commutatam

Suringar

— P. trinervium

INDEX— COLLECTIONS

209

Tainturier

— P. flavescens
Tate

129(198). P. supravenulosum
Tatnall

— P. flavescens
Taylor (see Nash)

28, 415. P. racemosum
223, 338, 481, 497. P. antillarum
328. P. hexastichum
Thomas

— P. coloradense
Thornber (see Griffiths)

14t. P. californicum

100. P. Coryae
Thurber

(1851). P. juniperinum

865. P. lanceolatum
Tillotson

8329. P. densum
Tonduz (see Pittier)

1393, 7884, 10110, 12215. P. gracil-
ispicum

1840, 7840 pp., 13142. P. Heydea-
num

3900, 6638. P. ceibanum

6863. P. crassifolium v.

11457. P. quinquenervium

11458-9. P. piperoides

7840 pp., 12179. P. Tonduzii

12749. P. supravenulosum

13705. P. robustisgimum
Torrey

— • P. flavescens
Tourney

(1894), 14, 291. P. californicum

(1894), 2, 288, 290. P. Coryae

(1894, 1895), 10, 292. P. juniperi-
num

(1894), 33, 289. P. macrophyllum

(1895). P. capitellatum
Townsend

(1899). P. Townsendi
— and Barber

164. P. juniperinum

Tracy (see Baker; Earle)
— & Earle

188. P. Engelmanni
Trelease

— P. flavescens
(1892). P. densum
(1892). P. villosum v.
(1897). P. Engelmanni v.
(1901). P. californicum v.
(1915). P. flavescens v.

362. P. Coryae f.

363. P. capitellatum
Triana

2777. P. turbinispicum

2778. P. Trianae
Trudeau

— P. flavescens
von Tuerckheim

435, ii 2045. P. Rondeletiae
2616. P. antillarum
3284. P. hexastichum
7661. P. stipiticarpum
7967, 8574. P. supravenulosum
8745. P. piperoides
ii 2168. P. faleifolium
Tweedie

— P. falcifrons
Tweedy

596-8. P. juniperinum
Tyler

(1904). P. Engelmanni v.
Uhde

1026-7. P. velutinum

bit)

850. P. piperoidec
1791, 4598. P. crasifolium
4800.. P. piperoides f.
4938. P. linearifolium
5251. P. laxiflorum
6664. P. huallagense
6681. P. Urbanianum
6948. P. tunaeforme
7243. P. Caesalpiniae
Underwood & Earle
1311. P. piperoides

210

THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Underwood & Griggs
211. P. antillaruia
283. P. antillarum v.
554. P. trinervium
671. P. chrysocarpum

United States — see Boundary Sur-
vey; Wilkes Exped.

Van Goes

— P. trinervium

Van Hermann

1448. P. antillarum

4887. P. piperoides
Varamel

— P. mucronatum

Vasey

(1875, 1880). P. longispicum
(1875). P. flavescens
(1880). P. villosum
(1881). P. ealifornicum v.
(1881). P. juniperinum

Vasquez — see Conzatti

Vauthier

— P. tunaeforme
Ventenat herbarium

— P. trinervium
Verleysen

148*, 148**. P. Verleyseni
Versteeg

239. P. surinamense
Viereck — see Kehn
Vreeland

806. P. juniperinum

807. P. Coryae

808. P. Coekerellii
Wagner

(1858). P. corynarthron
Walpole

152, 380. P. villosum

230, 418. P. densum
Ward

(1876). P. flavescens

Ward — continued

(1891). P. Engelmanni v.

(1912). P. maerotomum

116. P. villosum

360. P. juniperinum
Warming!

(1891-2). P. Lyoni

— P. affine

14, 381. P. ensifolium

15, 369. P. bathyoryctum
17, 384. P. tunaeforme
373. P. crassifolium

383. P. Warmingii
Watt

6219. P. flavens

6221. P. Wattii
Wawra

420, 865. P. nervosum

567. P. tamaulipense

747. P. Wawrae
Weberbauer

1288. P. Lindaviamnn

1860. P. crassifolium

1903-4. P. Englerianum

4251. P. Ernstianum
Weddell

(1858). P. amplexicaule

(1858), 1594. P. Martianum

378. P. piperoides
Werner

(1892). P. flavescens
Wheeler (see Grant)

(1872). P. ligatum

(1872). P. Coryae
Whited

3179. P. ligatum
Wied Neuwied

— P. crassifolium
(1829). P. piperoides
(1836). P. flavescens

Wile ox

(1892). P. juniperinum
(1892). P. maerophyUum
(1893), 391, 458. P. Coryae

tSee notes on Liebmaim and Oersted.

INDEX— OCCUERENCE

211

Wilkes Expedition
— • P. chrysocladcn
— P. crassifolium
1316. P. longispicum
1567. P. densum
1667, 1772. P. villosum

Wilkinson

(1885). P. Wilkinson!

Williams

178. P. Brittonianum
255. P. piperoides
428, 594. P. erassifolium
581. P. boliviauum

Wilson (see Britton)
1748. P. antillarum
7250, 7254, 7315, 7814, 7851, 7854.

P. trinervium
7449, 7457, 7532, 7579. P. rubrum

Wislizenus
41. P. Cockerellii

Wooton

(1899, 1903), 127. P. Coryae
(1900, 1909), 386, 2866. P. juni-

perinum
(1902, 1906). P. Cockerellii

- & Standley
(1906). P. Coryae

Wright

(1853-6). P. commutatum

(1853-6). P. longispicum

15. P. Cockerellii

216 pp., 217, 1251a. P. piperoidea

216 pp., 437, 1251. P. dichotomum

438, 1252 pp. P. racemosum

452, 1302. P. antillarum

512, 1200b, 1300b. P. rubrum

630, 1787. P. capitellatum

632. P. Havardianum

1252 pp. P. hexastichum

1786. P. Coryae

1788. P. juniperinum

2650. P. Gundlachii

— , Parry & Brummel

458. P. anceps

459. P. cerinocarpum

460. P. hexastichum

464. P. dichotomum

465. P. piperoides
467. P. antillarum

Wuertemberg — see Paul

Wullschlaegel
— P. ceibanum
256-7 P. trinervium
991. P. piperoides
1481. P. racemosum

B. OCCURRENCE

NORTH AMERICA
United States
Alabama

P. flavescens
Arizona

P. californicum

— distans

— nanum
P. Coryae
P. densum

P. juniperinum

— nanum

P. macrophyllum
— • circulare

— Jonesii

P. pauciflorum

Arkansas
P. flavescens

— orbiculare

California
P. californicum

— distans

P. eoloradense
P. densum

— Parishii
P. Libocedri
P. ligatum

P. longispieum

— cyclophyllum
P. pauciflorum
P. villosum

— rotundifolium

212

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Colorado
P. juniperinum

Delaware
P. flavescens

District of Columbia

P. flavescens
Florida

P. Eatoni

P. flavescens

P. macrotomum
Illinois

P. flavescens
Indiana

P. flavescens
Kentucky

P. flavescens
Louisiana

P. flaveseens

— orbiculare
Maryland

P. flavescens
Mississippi

P. flavescens
Missouri

P. flavescens
Nevada

P. californicum

— distans
P. Libocedri
P. ligatum

New Jersey

P. flavescens
New Mexico

P. capitellatum

P. Cockerellii

P. Coryae

P. juniperinum

North Carolina
P. flavescens

Ohio

P. flavescens
Oklahoma

P. flavescena

Oregon
P. densum
P. Liboeedri
P. ligatum
P. villosum

Pennsylvania
P. flavescens

South Carolina
P. flavescens

Texas

P. Bolleanum
P. capitellatum
P. Cockerellii
P. Engelmanni

— Claviger
P. flavescens

— orbiculare

P. Havardianum
Utah

P. californicum

P. juniperinum
Virginia

P. flavescens
West Virginia

P. flavescens
Mexico

Lower California

P. aureum

P. brachyphyllum

P. californicum

— distans
P. Diguetii
P. Eduardi

P. peninsulare
P. saccatum
P. tumidum
P. villosum

Yucatan
P. Gaumeri
P. vernicosum
P. yucatanum

Mainland

P. amplifolium
P. Bolleanum

INDEX— OCCURRENCE

213

Mexico, Mainland — continued
P. brachystachyum
P. brevifolium
P. californicum
— • distans
P. calyculatum
— • filipea

— Gonzalezii

— occidentale
P. capitellatum
P. carneum

P. Cockerellii
P. colipense
P. commutatum
P. Conzattii

— tecomatlanum
P. densum

P. Engelmanni
P. falcatum
P. Forestierae
P. Galeottii
P. globuliferum
P. Greggii
P. Guazumae
P. juniperinum
P. lanatum
P. lanceolatum
P. ligatum
P. longifolium
P. macrophyllum
P. mazatlanum
P. minutifolium
P. nervosum
P. Oliverianum
P. pachyarthron
P. Palmeri
P. piperoides
— • hexastichum
P. Pringlei
P. puberulum

— chihuahuense
P. Purpusi

P. Reichenbachianum
P. Robinsonii
P. saltillense
P. scaberrimum
P. Schumanni

Mexico, Mainland — continued
P. tamaulipense
P. tequilense
P. thyrsoideum
P. tlacolulense
P. tomentosum
P. velutinum
P. villosum
P. Wawrae
P. Wilkinsoni

Central America

Belize (British Honduras)

P. crassifolium Pittieri

P. piperoides
Costa Rica

P. annulatum

P. ceibanum

P. crassif olium Pittieri

P. Cooperi

P. crispum

P. gracilispicum

P. Heydeanum

P. piperoides

P. quinquenervium

P. Rensoni

P. robustissimum

— simulans

P. supra trenulosum

P. Tonduzii
Guatemala

P. annulatum

P. cheirocarpum

P. falcifolium

P. Heydeanum

P. multiflorum

P. piperoides

P. robustissimum simulana

P. Rondeletiae

P. supravenulosum

P. uspantanum

P. velutinum

P. vulcanicum

P. zacapanum
Honduras (see Belize)

P. commutatum

P. decussatum

214

THE GENUS PHORADENDKON

Nicaragua
P. ceibanum
P. commutatum
P. piperoides

P. robustissimum simulans

P. supravenulosum
Panama

P. corynarthron

P. graeilispieum

P. venezuelense

P. piperoides
Salvador

P. Bensoni

P. robustissimum simulans
SOUTH AMERICA
Argentina

P. argentinum

P. Hieronymi

P. Liga

P. Meliae

P. piperoides

P. pruinosum

P. tucumanense
Bolivia

P. angustifolium

P. bathyoryctum

P. bolivianum

P. Brittonianum

P. crassifolium

P. Kuntzei

P. Liga

P. Mandonii

P. Meliae

P. semiteres

P. undulatum
Brazil

P. aeinaeifolium

P. affine

P. amplexicaule

P. bathyoryctum

P. Caesalpiniae

P. campinense

P. caripense

P. cearense

— minor

P. chrysocladon

Brazil — continued
P. congestum
P. coriaceum

— quintense

P. craspedophylloides
P. craspedophyllum
P. crassifolium

— multiflorum

— parvif olium
P. Crulsii

P. dipterum
P. emarginatum
P. ensifolium
P. fragile
P. Gardnerianum
P. Glaziovii
P. habrostachyum
P. holaxanthum

— corallispicum

P. lanceolato-elliptieum
P. laxiflorum
P. linearifolium
P. macrarthrum
P. Martianum
P. microphyllum
P. minor

P. multifoveolatum
P. nitidum
P. pellueidulum
P. piauhyanum
P. piperoides
— • compositum
P. platyeaulon
P. productipes
P. pteroneuron
P. Selloi
P. stenophyllum
P. strongyloelados
P. tunaeforme
P. ulophyllum
P. undulatum
P. Warmingii
P. Wiesnerianura
Cayenne (French Guiana)
P. Perrottetii
P. piperoides

INDEX— OCCURRENCE

215

Cayenne — continued

P. platycaulon

P. racemosum
Colombia

P. avenium

P. Briquetianum

P. Degenianum

P. exiguum

P. gracilispicum

P. Herbert-Smithii

P. Holtonia

P. Lindeni

P. piperoidea

P. quadrangulare

P. sanctae-martae

P. Trianae

P. turbinispicum

P. venezuelense
Demerara (British Guiana)

P. apertum

P. Appuni

P. carinatum

P. crassifolium

P. demerarae

P. essequibenae

P. Jenmani

P. obtusissimum

P. Perrottetii

P. piperoidea

P. raeemoaum
Ecuador

P. amplectena

P. Eggersii

P. membranaceum

P. obliquum

P. parietarioidea

P. piperoides

P. quadrangulare

P. trisulcatum

P. Verleyseni

— chimboenae

— Fraaeri

P. viscifolium

Guiana

British — see Demerara
Dutch — see Surinam
French — see Cayenne

Paraguay

P. aeinacifolium
P. Balansae

— Hasaleri

— Morongi

P. Casimiranum

P. hypericifolium

P. Liga

P. Meliae

P. obovatifolium

P. piperoides

P. reductum
Peru

P. anguatifolium

P. Englerianum

P. Ernstianum

P. huallagense

P. Lindavianum

P. Mathewai

P. obliquum

P. peruvianum

P. aemiteres

P. Urbanianum
Surinam (Dutch Guiana)*

P. dimidiatum

P. obtusissimum

P. piperoidea

P. raeemoaum

P. surinamense
Uruguay

P. falcifrons
Venezuela

P. bilineatum

P. caracasanum

P. cuneifolium

P. cymosum

P. Fendlerianum

P. graciliapicum

P. granaticolum

*A specimen apparently of Viscum album (Splitgcrber, 836, Apr. 13, 1838)
occurs as sheet no. 600670 of the Leiden herbarium ' ' Ad ramos arborum varium in
sylvis Surinami prope flum. Saramaccam. Planta tota flavescenti, fructibus
luteis. ' '

216

THE GENUS PHOBADENDEON

Venezuela — continued
P. Johnston!
P. Knoopii
P. longipetiolatum
P. Lyoni
P. Ottonia
P. ovalifolium
P. pachyphyllum
P. paradoxum
P. piperoides
P. polygynum
P. racemosuiii
P. rigidum
P. tovarense
P. tubulosum
P. venezuelense
WEST INDIES
Aeklin

P. trinervium
Andros

P. Northropiae
P. raeemosum
Antigua

P. antillarum
P. trinervium
Cat

P. rubrum
Crooked

P. rubrum
Cuba

P. antillarum
— orientale
P. dichotomum
P. Gundlachii
P. hexastichum
P. piperoidea
P. raeemosum
P. rubrum
Dominica

P. chrysoearpum
P. flavens australe
P. Herminieri
P. piperoides
P. trinervium
Fortune
P. rubrum

Great Eagged

P. trinervium
Grenada

P. hexastichum

— • angustifolium

P. piperoides
Guadeloupe

P. chrysoearpum

P. Dussii

P. Herminieri

P. hexastichum

P. martinicense

P. mueronatum

P. piperoides

P. trinervium
Haiti (see Sto. Domingo)

P. antillarum

P. dichotomum

P. haitense

P. hexastichum

P. mueronatum

P. piperoides

P. raeemosum
Inagua

P. rubrum
Jamaica

P. Campbellii

P. crenulatum

P. domingense

P. Fici

P. flavens

P. gracile

— Ballii

P. Grisebachianum
P. piperoides
P. tetrapterum
P. Wattii

— productum
Long

P. rubrum
Martinique

P. chrysocarpum
P. hexastichum
P. martinicense
P. mueronatum
P. piparoides

INDEX— SPECIES EXCLUDED

217

Martinique — continued

P. tetrapterum

P. trinervium
Montserrat

P. trinervium
Mustique

P. trinervium
Puerto Eieo

P. ancepsf

P. antillarum

P. chrysocarpum

P. Helleri

P. hexastichum

P. racemosum

P. tetrapterum

P. trinervium
Saba

P. trinervium
S. Barthelemy

P. trinervium
S. Croix

P. chrysocarpum
S. Domingo (see Haiti)

P. aneeps

P. antillarum

P. cerinocarpum

P. diehotomum

— ovatifolium

P. Helleri sanguineum

P. hexastichum

P. mucronatum

P. piperoides

P. racemosum

C. SPECIES

Phoradendron aequatoris Urban
Dendrophthora aequatoris n. nom.

P. arcuatum Wright
Dendrophthora arcuata

P. auriculatum

P. buxifolinm Grisebach
Dendrophthora buxifolia

P. buxifolium rotundatum Grisebach
D. buxifolia rotundata

P. chrysostachyum Eichler
Dendrophthora chrysostachya

S. Eustatius
P. trinervium

S. Thomas

P. ehrysocarpum
P. trinervium

S. Vincent

P. chrysocarpum
P. flavens australe
P. hexastichum
P. piperoides
P. trinervium

Tobago

P. piperoidea

Trinidad

P. flavens aust.ale
P. Hartii
P. martinicense
P. piperoid«s
P. trinervium
P. venezuelense

Watling
P. rubrum
P. trinervium

PACIFIC ISLANDS
Galapagos Isl.

P. galapageium

P. Henslovii

P. uncinatum
Guadalupe Isl.

P. guadalupense
Eevillagigedo Isl

P. Townsendi

P. clavatum Eichler

Dendrophthora clavata
P. clavatum Kirk

"Viscum clavatum"
P. constrictum Grisebach

Dendrophthora constricta
P. cordifolium Eichler

Oryctanthes cordifolia
P. crassuloides Eichler

Dendrophthora crassuloides
P. ellipticum Eichler

Dendrophthora elliptica

218

THE GENUS PHOEADENDEON

Phoradendron — continued
P. globuliflorum Eichler

Dendrophthora chrysostachya

P. inaequidentatum Eusby
Dendrophthora inaequidentata n.
nom.

P. leptostachyum Index Kewensis
Dendrophthora flagelliformis

P. leucocarpum Patsehofsky

Dendrophthora leucocarpa n. nom.

P. ligustrinum Eichler

Oryctanthes ligustrina n. nom.

P. linifolium Eichler

P. macrostachyum Grisebach
Dendrophthora flagelliformis
D. macrostachya

P. macrostachyum f. parvifolia

Grisebach
Dendrophthora serpyllifolia

P. mesembryanthemifolium Grisebach
Dendrophthora mesembryanthemi-
folia

P. myrtilloides Grisebach
Dendrophthora elliptica
D. myrtilloides

Allobium (19)
Baratostachys (19)
Castrea falcata (6)

Dendrophthora aequatoris 217
arcuata 217
biserrula 218
buxifolia 217
— rotundata 217
chrysostachya 217, 218
clavata 217
constricta 217, 218
crassuloides 217
eupressoides 218
elliptica 217, 218

Phoradendron — continued
P. paucifolium Eusby
P. Pearcei Eusby
P. roraimae Oliver

Dendrophthora roraimae n. nom.
P. Busbyi Britton

Dendrophthora Eusbyi n. nom.
P. serpyllifolium Grisebach

Dendrophthora serpyllifolia
P. serpyllifolium aphyllum Gray

Dendrophthora eupressoides
P. sessilifolium Grisebach

Dendrophthora sessilifolia
P. squamigerum Eichler

Dendrophthora squamigera
P. squamigerum Oliver

Dendrophthora biserrula
P. subtrinerve Eusby

Deudrophthora subtrinervis n. nom.
P. tafallaeoides Eusby
P. testifolium Wright

Dendrophthora constricta
P. tetrastachyum Grisebach

Dendrophthora grandifolia
P. torulosum Eichler

D. NAMES*
(Synonyms in parenthesis)

Dendrophthora — continued
flagelliformis 218
grandifolia 218
inaequidentata 218
leucocarpa 218
macrostachya 218
mesembryanthemifolia 218
myrtilloides 218
roraimae 218
Eusbyi 218
serpyllifolia 218
sessilifolia 218
squamigera 218
subtrinerve 218

"The number after a name, followed by a colon, is that of its group of species.

INDEX— NAMES

219

Dendropemon domingensis (102)
Loranthus angustifolius (65)

domingensis (102)

piperoides (146, 184)

quadrangularis (108, 178)

sessilis (104)

torulosus (146, 184)

viscifolius (109, 178)

Oryctanthes cordifolia 217
ligustrina 218

Phoradendron acinacifolium 25: 12,

91, 92, 175

aequatoris=Dendrophthora
affine 31: 9, 108, 113, 179
amplectens 16: 70, 75, 172
amplexicaule 16: 9, 70, 74, 172
amplifolium 9: 58, 59, 170
anceps 28: 97, 98, 176
angustifolium 13: 65, 170
annulatum 9: 58, 169
antillarum 31: 14, (107), 108, 111,

178

- longum 112, 178

- orientate 112, 178
apertum 30: 102, 104, 177
Appuni 30: 102, 104, 177
arcuatum— Dendrophthora
argentinum 33: 56, 120, 121, 180
auriculatum=: ?

aureum 4: 45, 49, 168
avenium 42: 131, 133, 182
Balansae 42: 131, 132, 182

— Hassleri 132, 182

— Morongi 132, 182
bathyoryctum 23: 87, 88, 174
Berterianum (158, 186)
bilineatum 20: 83, 84, 174
Biolleyi (146)

bolivianum 46: 137, 138, 183
Bolleanum 2: 14, 25, 26, 166
brachyphyllum 4: 45, 49, 168
brachystaehyum 4: 45, 47, 168
brevifolium 17: 76, 172
Briquetianum 21: 85, 86, 174
Brittonianum 46: 10, 137, 139, 183
buxifoliumzr:Dendrophthora

Phoradendron — continued

Caesalpiniae 52: 148, 150, 185
californicum 1: 7, 11, 12, 14, 20,
165

— argenteum 21

— distana 21, 165

— nanum 21, 165
calyculatum 8: 7, 54, 169

— filipes 54, 169

— Gonzalezi 54, 169
— • occidentale 54
Campbellii 27: 95, 96, 175
campinense 55 : 158, 160, 186
capitellatum 2: 25, 165
caracasanum 32: 116, 120, 180
carinatum 46: 137, 139, 183
caripense 19: 79, 80, 173
carneum 9: 8, 58, 60, 170
Casimiranum 16: 70, 71, 171
cayennense (137)

cearense 32: 116, 119, 180

— minor 120, 180
ceibanum 31: 108, 110, 178
cerinocarpum 46: 137, 139, 183
cheirocarpum 26: 93, 94, 175
chrysocarpum 28: 12, 97, 98, 176
chrysocladon 53: 9, 151, 152, 185
chrysostachyumr=Dendrophthora
clavatum^rDendrophthora
Cockerellii 3 : 30, 38, 164, 167
colipense 3: 30, 37, 167
coloradense 3: 30, 39, 167
commutatum 30: 12, 103, 106, 177
congestum 19: 79, 80, 173
constrietum=:Dendrophtliora
Conzattii 11: 61, 63, 170

— nochixtlanense 64, 170

— tecomatlanum 64, 170
Cooperi 14: 56, 66, 67, 171
cordifolium=Oryctanthes
coriaceum 19: 79, 81, 173

— quintense 82, 173

Coryae 3 : 30, 43, 164, 165, 168
corynarthron 14: 66, 171
craspedophylloides 25 : 91, 92, 175
craspedophyllum 24: 13, 89, 91, 143,
175

220

THE GENUS PHOKADENDKON

Phoradendrou — continued
crassifolium 50: 13, 144, 183

- multiflorum 145, 184

— parvifolium 145

- Pittieri 145, 184
erassuloides=:Dendrophthora
crenulatum 28: 97, 101, 176
crispum 17: 76, 77, 172
Crulsii 16: 70, 74, 172
cuneifolium 32: 10, 116, 119, 180
cymosum 55: 8, 10, 158, 159, 186
decussatum 26: 93, 94, 175
Degenianum 32: 116, 119, 180
demerarae 16: 70, 73, 172
densum 2: 7, 25, 27, 166

— Parishii 28, 166
dichotomum 55: 158, 186

— ovatifolium 159, 186
Diguetii 4: 45, 49, 168
dimidiatum 23: 87, 174
dipterum 16: 8, 70, 71, 171
domingense 29: 11, 102, 177
Dussii 28: 97, 100, 176
Eatoni 3: 13, 30, 33, 34, 166
Eduardi 4: 45, 46, 168

Eggersii 39: 8, 9, 12, 128, 143,

156, 183

ellipticum=Dendrophthora
emarginatum 32: 10, 12, 56, 116,

179

— minor (117)

Engelmanni 3: 5, 30, 35, 164, 166,
167

- Claviger 35, 164, 167
Englerianum 42: 131, 133, 182
ensifolium 35: 124, 180
Ernstianum 33: 120, 121, 180
essequibense 52: 148, 149, 184
exigmim 19: 79, 81, 173
falcatum 12: (8, 10, 54) 64, 65,

170

faleifolium 18: 77, 79, 172, 181
falcifrons 37: 126
Fendlerianum 49: 142, 143, 183
Fici 27: 9, 95, 175
flavens 53: 8, 9, 13, 151, (152),

154, 185

Phoradendron — continued

— australe 155

flavescens 3: (35, 47, 101), 3, 9,
10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 29, 30,
164, 166

— glabriusculum (30)

— macrophyllum (37, 38)

- orbiculatum 33, 164, 166

— pubescens (35, 37)

— quinquenervium (40, 167)

— tomentosum (36)

— villosum (40)
flavum (33, 152)
florianum (160)
Forestierae 10: 60, 61, 170
fossile 15

fragile 47: 9, 13, 140, 141, 183
galapageium 55: 158, 159, 186
Galeottii 4: 45, 46, 168
Gardnerianum 52: 148, 184
Gaumeri 31: 108, 114, 179
Giordanae (158, 186)
glandulosum (137)
Glaziovii 16: 70, 74, 143, 172
globuliferum 4: 45, 48, 168
globuliflorum=Dendrophthora
gracile 31: 56, 108, 112, 179

— Ballii 113, 179
gracilispicum 41: 130, 181
granaticolum 15: 68, 70, 171
Greggii 3 : 30, 36, 167
Grisebachianum 27: 12, 95, 96, 176
guadalupense 2: 25, 29, 166
Guazumae 30: 103, 104, 177
Gundlaehii 28: 97, 101, 176
habrostachyum 19: 79, 82, 173
Hahnii (51)

haitense 28: 97, 99, 176
Hartii 28: 97, 98, 176
Havardianum 3: 30, 44, 168
Helleri 28: 97, 100, 176
— sanguineum 100, 176
Henslovii 55: 158, 159, 186
Herbert-Smithii 19: 79, 80, 173
Herminieri 41: 130, 131, 181
hexastichum 45: 11, 135, (136,
138), 182

INDEX— NAMES

221

Phoradendron — continued

- angustifolium 136, 182

- latifolium (137)

- longispicum (138, 183)
Heydeanum 44: 135, 182
Hieronymi 34: 122, 123, 180
holoxanthum 24: 89, 175

— corallispicum 90, 175
Holtonis 55: 158, 161, 186
huallagense 54: 156, 157, 186
hypericif olium 16: 70, 72, 171
inaequidentatumrrDendrophthora
Jenmani 20: 83, 85, 143, 156, 174
Johnston! 52 : 148, 149, 185
juniperinum 1: 7, 12, 13, 20, 22, 24,

164, 165

— Libocedri (23)

— nanum 23, 165
Knoopii 53: 151, 152, 185
Kuntzei 38: 14, 127, 181
lanatum 4: 45, 168
lanceolato-ellipticum 35: 57, 124,

125, 181

lanceolatum 12: 64, 170
latifolium (5, 9, 15, 131, 146)
laurifolium (146)
laxiflorum 54: 11, 56, 143, 156, 157,

186

leptostachyum^zDendrophthora
leucocarpum=rDendrophthora
Libocedri 1: 7, 10, 20, 23, 164, 165
Liga 34: 122, 180
ligatum 1: 24, 164, 165
ligustrinum— Oryctanthes
Lindavianum 53:11, 151, 155, 186
Lindeni 55: 158, 161, 186
linearifolium 35: 124, 143, 180
linifolium=?

longifolium 7: 52, 53, 169
longipetiolatum 20: 143, 174
longispicum 3 : 30, 39, 167

— cyclophyllum 40
Lyoni 32 : 116, 179
macrarthron (125)
macrarthrum 36: 125, 181
macrophyllum 3: 7, 30, 37, (38),

164, 165, 167

Phorademlvon — continued

— circulate 38, 167

— Jonesii 38

macrostachyum— Dendrophthora
macrotomum 3 : 10, 30, 34, 164, 166
Mandonii 42: 131, 132, 182
Martianum 31 : 108, 114, 179
martinicense 50: (97), 144, 145, 184
Mathewsi 42 : 131, 133, 182
mazatlanum 4: 45, 47, 168
Meliae 33: 120, 121, 180
membranaceum 53 : 151, 153, 185
mesembryanthemifolium=Den-

drophthora

microphyllum 31: 108, 113, 179
minor 32: 116, 117, 179
minutif olium 2 : 13, 25, 165
mucronatum 32: 116, 118, 179
multiflorum 9: 58, 59, 169
multifoveolatum 16: 70, 71, 171
myrtilloides=Dendrophthora
nervosum 11: 61, 63, 165, 170
nitidum 24: 89, 90, 175
Northropiae 40 : 129, 156, 181
obliquum 22: 86, 143, 156, 174
oblongif olium (103)
obovatifolium 32 : 116, 117, 179
obtusissimum 25: 91, 92, 175
Oliverian,um 45 : 135, 136, 182
orbiculatum (34)
Ottonis 32: 116, 118, 180
ovalif olium 20: 83, 173
pachyarthron 11: 61, 62, 170
pachyphyllum 53 : 151, 185
Palmeri 4: 12, 45, 46, 168
paradoxum 49: 8, 13, 142, 183
parietarioides 13: 65, 66, 171
pauciflorum 2 : 25, 28, 166
paucifoliumrz?
Pearcei=: ?

pellucidulum 24: 89, 175
peninsulare 4: 45, 50, 169
pennivenium (137)
pepericarpum (144, 183)
Perrottetii 23 : 87, 88, 174

— parvifolia (88)
peruvianum 42: 8, 9, 131, 182

222

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Phoradendron — continued

piauhyanum 31: 108, 110, 178
piperoides 51: 17, 145, 184

— compositum 148

— hexastichum 148
platycaulon 52: 8, 148, 150, 185
polygynum 21: 10, 85, 128, 174
Pringlei 10 : 60, 170
productipes 46 : 137, 138, 183
pruinosum 34: 122, 180
pteroneuron 46 : 137, 140, 183
puberulum 3 : 30, 42, 168

— chihuahuense 43, 168
Purpusi 11: 61, 62, 170
quadrangulare 31: (106, 111), 15,

108, 178

— avenium (133)
quinquenervium 53: 151, 153, 185
racemosum 46: 8, 9, 136, 143, 156,

182

reductum 25: 91, 93, 175
Reichenbachianum 18: (63), 77,

78, 172

Rensoni 30: 103, 105, 177
reticulatum (185)
rigidum 20: 83, 84, 174
Robinsonii 5: 12, 51, 169
— Hindsi 51, 169
robustissimum 18: 9, 77, 78, 173

— simulans 78, 173
Rondeletiae 17: 76, 172
roraimae=Dendrophthora
rubrum 30: (106, 111, 114), 8, 12,

13, 15, 103, 107, 178
— • brevispieum (103)

— latifolium (103)
- longifolium (80)

— longispieum (110)

— mierophyllum (113)
rugulosum (182)
Rusbyi=Dendrophthora
saccatum 4: 45, 50, 169
salicifolium (108)
saltillense 2: 25, 27, 165
sanctae-martae 30: 103, 105, 177
scaberrimum 7: 52, 169
Schottii (146)

Phoradendron — continued
Schumanni 11: 61, 62, 170
Selloi 24: 89, 90, 175
semiteres 15: 68, 69, 171
serpyllifolium=Dendrophthora
sessilifolium=Dendrophthora
spathulifolium (178)
squamigerum^zDendrophthora
stenophyUum 19: 79, 81, 173
strongyloclados 52: 148, 149, 185
subtrinerve— Dendrophthora
supravenulosum 53: 151, 154, 185
surinamense 52: 148, 150, 185
taf allaeoides=; ?

tamaulipense 21: 108, 115, 179
tequilense 2: 25, 26, 166
tereticaule (146)
testifolium— Dendrophthora
tetrapterum 16: 8, 70, 72, 172
tetrastachynm^rDendrophthora

— spathulifolium (107, 178)
tetrastiehus (107)
thyrsoideum 3: 30, 36, 167
thacolulense 4: 45, 48, 168
tomentosum 3: 30, 42, (51), 167
Tonduzii 14: 66, 67, 171
torulosum=z?

tovarense 16: 70, 73, 172
Townsendi 31: 56, 108, 112, 179
Trianae 15: 68, 171
trinervium 30: 8, 11, 12, 102, 103,

(105), 177

trisulcatum 53: 151, 155, 185
tubulosum 15: 68, 171
tucumanense 38: 127, 181
tumidum 4: 45, 49, 168
tunaeforme 48: 13, 141, 183
turbinispicum 16: 70, 75, 172
ulophyllum 19: 79, 82, 173
uncinatum 55: 158, 160, 186
undulatum 41: 9, 130, 181
Urbanianum 53: 151, 155, 185
uspantanum 7: 52, 53, 169
velutinum 6: 51, 169
venezuelense, 31: 106, 108, 111, 178
Verleyseni 15: 68, 69, 171

— chimboense 69, 171

INDEX— NAMES

223

Phorademlron — continued

— Fraseri 69

vernicosum 26: 8, 93, 95, 175
villosum 3: 10, 12, 30, 40, 164,

165, 167

- rotundifolium 42, 167
viscifolium 31: 108, 109, 178
vulcanicum 17: 76, 77, 172
Warmingii 43: 134, 182
Wattii 28: 10, 97, 99, 143, 176

— productum 100, 176
Wawrae 26: 93, 94, 175
Wiesnerianum 31: 108, 109, 178
Wilkinson! 3: 30, 44, 168
yucatanum 32: 116, 118, 180
zacapanum 31: 108, 115, 179
Zuloagae 30: 103, 105, 165, 177

Phoradendrum anceps (98)
annulatum (58)
argenteum (121)
bilineateum (84)
Campbellii (96)
caracasanum (120)
carneum (60)
chrysocarpum (97)

— Dussii (100)
coriaceum quintense (82)
crassifolium (144)
crenulatum (101)
Crulsii (74)
cuneifolium (119)
cymosum (159)
dichotomum (158)
dimidiatum (87)
Eggersii (128)

Fici (95)
Havens (154)
Gardnerianum (148)
Glaziovii (74)
Grisebachianum (96)
Gundlachii (101)
hai tense (99)
Hartii (98)
hexastichum (135, 136)

— angustifolium (136)
Kuntzei (127)
latifolium (146)

Phoradendrum — continued

— hexastichum (148)
Liga (122)
longipetiolatum (84)
mucronatum (118)
obliquum (86)
obtusissimum (92)
ovalifolium (83)
pachyarthron (62)
paradoxum (142)
pruinosum (122)
quadrangulare (108)

— gracile (112)
racemosum (137)
reticulatum (152)
rigidum (84)
rubrum (111)
rugulosum (134)
spathulifolium (107)
tetrapterum (72)
tlacolulense (48)
tovarense (73)
trinervium (103)

— - domingense (102)

tubulosum (68)

tueumanense (127)

undulatum (130, 131)

Wattii (99)

Phthirusa domingensis (102)
Spiciviscum polygnum (85, 174)
Viscum affine (113, 179)

album (33) 215

aneeps (98, 176)

angustifolium (65, 111)

articulatum (141, 183)

Berterianum (158, 186)

Bolleanum (26)

brachystachyum (47, 168)

clavatum (217)

cornifolium (146, 148, 184)

crassifolium (144, 183)

dichotomum (158, 186)

dimidiatum (87, 174)

egense (145)

ellipticum (146, 184)

ensifolium (124, 180)

falcatum (8, 10, 54, 65, 169)

224

THE GENUS PHORADENDRON

Viscum — continued
falcifrons (126, 181)
flavens (33, 154)
flavescens (30, 32)
florianum (160)
Fockeanum (146)
galapageium (159, 186)
glandulosum (137, 182)
Henslovii (159, 186)
hexastichum (135, 182)
interruptum (125, 181)
jamaicense (103)
Kunthianum (109)
lanceolato-ellipticum (125, 181)
latifolium (137, 145)
laurifolium (146, 184)
leucarpum (30, 33)
leucocarpum (30)
Liga (122, 180)
longifolium (53)
macrophyllum (137, 154, 182)
martinicense (145, 184)
microphyllum (113, 179)
mimosearum (42)
mucronatum (118)
myrtilloides (103, 136, 177)
nitidum (90, 175)
obliquum (86, 174)
oblongifolium (31, 33, 103, 104,
177)

Viscum — continued
obtusissimum (92, 175)
ochroleucum (30, 32)
pennivenium (137)
Perrottetii (88, 174)
piperoides (146)
purpureum (33, 166)
quadrangulare ( 108 )
racemosum (137)
Reichenbachianum (25, 78)
rubrum (107, 178)
rugosum (31, 32)
salicifolium (108, 178)
saururoides (146, 184)
Schiedeanum (65)
Schottii (146, 184)
serotinum (30, 32, 33, 166)
stenophyllnm (65)
tetragonum (103)
tereticaule (146)
- cubense (146, 184)
teretifolium (146)
tomentosum (42)
trigonum (103)
trinervium (103, 177)
tunaeforme (141, 183)
undulatum (130, 181)
velutinum (51, 169)
verticillatum (31)
villosum (40)

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 1

PHORADEXDROX VILLOSUM

TEELEA8E, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 2

PHORADENDBON LIBOCEDRI

PHORADENDROX JUNIPERINUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 3

PHORADEXDRON LIGATUM x 10

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 4

PHORADEXDRON JUNIPERINUM x 5

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 5

STAMINATE SPIKES— FLA VESCENTES x 3

PISTILLATE SPIKES— FLA VESCENTES x 3

TBELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 6

PHORADENDRON LIBOCEDRI x 10

PHORADENDRON VILLOSUM x 10

TIfKLEASE, PHOEADENDEON

PLATE 7

PHORADEXDRON— SEPAL NUMBERS x 10

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 8

PHORADENDRON CALIFORNICUM x 10

PHORADENDRON NERVOSUM x 10

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 9

PHORADENDRON— FRUITING CALYX x 10

TRELEASE. PHORADENDROX

PLATE 10

PHORADEXDROX— EXDOCABP xlO

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 11

PHORADENDROX CALIFORNICUM

THKI.KASK, I'HOFfAf.

IT.A'I

PHORA OK.V ORO.V CALIf O

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 13

PHORADENDRON CALIFORNICUM DISTANS

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 14

PHORADENDRON JUNIPERINUM

PHORADENDRON JUNIPERINUM NANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 15

PHORADENDRON LIBOCEDRI

PHORADENDRON LIGATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 10

PHORADENDRON MINUTIFOLIUM

PHORADENDRON SALTILLENSE

TRELEASE, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 17

PHORADEXDROX CAPITELLATUM

TEELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 18

PHORADENDEON TEQUILENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 19

PHORADENDRON BOLLEANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 20

PHORADENDRON DENSUM

TEELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 21

PHORADENDRON DENSUM PARISHII

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDBON

PLATE 22

PHORADENDRON PAUCIFLORUM

PHORADENDRON GUADALUPENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE

PHORADENDROX GUADALUPENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 24

PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS

TRELEASE, PHORADENDKOX

PLATE 25

PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS

TRELEASE, PHORADENDKON

PLATE 20

PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS ORBICULATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 27

PHORADENDRON MACROTOMUM

TRELEASE, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 28

PHORADENDRON EATONI

TRKLEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 29

PHORADENDRON ENGELMANNI

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 30

PHORADENDRON ENGELMANNI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 31

PHORADENDRON ENGELMANNI

PHORADENDRON ENGELMANNI CLAVIGER

TRELEASE, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 32

PHOBADENDBON GBEGGII

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 33

PHORADEXDROX COLIPEXSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 34

PHORADENDRON MACROPHYLLUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 3o

PHORADENDRON MACROPHYLLUM CIRCULARE

PHORADEXDROX MACROPHYLLUM JOXESII

TRELEASE, PHORADENDBON

PLATE 36

PHORADENDRON COCKERELLII

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PHORADENDRON COLORADEXSE

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 38

PHORADENDRON LONGISPICUM

TRKLEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 39

PHORADENDRON LONGISPICUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 40

PHORADENDROX VILLOSUM

TRELEASE, PHOKADENDEON

PLATE 41

PHORADENDRON VILLOSUM ROTUNDIFOLIUM

PHORADENDRON TOMENTOSUM

TEELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 42

PHORADENDRON TOMENTOSUM

TRKLKASK, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 43

PHORADENDRON PUBERULUM

PHORADENDRON PUBERULUM CHIHUAHUENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 44

PHORADENDRON CORYAE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 45

PHORADENDRON HAVARDIANUM

PHORADENDRON WILKINSONI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 46

PHORADENDRON LANATUM

PHORADENDRON GALEOTTII

TRELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 47

PHORADENDRON PALMER!

PHORADENDRON EDUARDI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 48

PHORADENDRON MAZATLANUM

PHORADENDRON BRACHYSTACHYUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 49

TBELEASE, PHORADENDBON

PLATE 50

.»

PHORADENDBON TLACOLTJLENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 51

PHORADENDRON GLOBULIFERUM

TBELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 52

PHORADENDRON AUREUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 53

PHORADENDRON BRACHYPHYLLUM

PHORADENDRON TUMIDUM

PLATE 54

PHORADENDKON DIGUETH

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 55

PHORADENDRON PENINSULARE

PHORADENDRON SACCATUM

TBELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 56

I

PHORADENDRON ROBINSONII

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 57

PHORADENDRON ROBINSONII

J
PHORADENDRON ROBINSONII HINDSI

TEELEASE, PHOEADENDBON

PLATE 58

PHOEADENDEON VELUTINUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 59

PHORADENDROX SCABERRIMUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 60

PHORADENDRON LONGIFOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 61

PHORADENDRON USPANTANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 62

PHORADENDRON CALYCULATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 63

PHORADENDRON CALYCULATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 64

PHORADENDRON CALYCULATUM FILIPES

PHORADENDRON CALYCULATUM GONZALEZI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 65

PHORADENDRON ANNULATUM

TEELEASE, PHOEADENDRON

PLATE 66

PHORADENDBON MULTIFLORUM

TR EL EASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 67

PHORADENDRON MULTIFLORTM

TRELEASE, PHOEADENDRON

PLATE 68

PHORADENDRON AMPLIFOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 69

PHORADENDRON CARNEUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 70

PHORADENDRON PRINGLEI

PHORADENDRON FORESTIERAE

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 71

PHORADENDRON PACHYARTHRON

PHORADEXDRON SCHUMAXXI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 72

PHORADENDRON SCHUMANNI

PLATE 73

PHOKADENDRON PUBPUSI

TBELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 74

PHORADENDRON NERVOSUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 75

PHORADENDRON CONZATTII

PHORADENDRON CONZATTII TECOMATLANUM

TBELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 76

PHORADENDRON CONZATTII NOCHIXTLANENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 77

PHORADENDRON LANCEOLATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 78

PHORADENDRON FALCATUM

TBELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 79

PHORADENDRON ANGUSTIFOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 80

•

PHORADENDRON PARIETARIO1DES

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 81

PHORADENDRON CORYNARTHRON

TRKLKASK, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 82

PHORADENDRON TONDUZII

TKELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 83

PHORADENDRON COOPERI

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 84

PHORADENDRON TUBULOSUM

PHORADENDRON TRIARAE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 85

PHORADENDRON SEMITERES

T R. EL E AS E, PHORAD ENDRON

I'LATE 86

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 87

r

PHORADENDRON VERLEYSENI CHIMBOENSE

PHORADEXDROX GRANATICOLUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 88

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 89

PHORADENDRON DIPTERUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 90

PHORADENDRON MULTIFOVEOLATUM

TRELEA8E, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 91

PHORADENDRON HYPERICIFOLIUM

PHORADENDRON DEMERARAE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDBON

PLATE 92

PHORADENDRON TETRAPTERUM

TRELEASE, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 93

PHORADENDRON TOATAREXSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 94

PHORADENDRON CRULSII

PHORADENDRON AMPLEXICAULE

TR EL EASE, PMORADEN DRON

PLATE 95

PHORADENDRON AMPLECTENS

TRELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 96

PHORADENDRON GLAZIOVII

PHORADENDRON TURBINISPICUM

TK KL HAS K, PHORADKNDRON

PLATE 97

PHORADENDRON BREVIFOLIUM

TRE LEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 98

TKELE ASK, PIIOH A I ) EN DRON

PLATE 99

PHORADENDEON VULCANICUM

PHORADENDRON CRISP UM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 100

PHORADEXDROX REICH EXBACHTAXUM

PHORADEXDROX FALCIFOLIUM

TK KLKASE, PHOR A I »K M >KOX

PLATK lol

PHORADENDRON BOBU8TIS8IM I * M

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 102

PHORADEXDROX ROBUST JSS [MUM SIMULAXS

TKKLEASE, PHOBADENDRON

PLATE 103

PHORADENDROX CONGESTUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 104

PHORADENDRON CONGESTUM

PHORADENDRON CARIPENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 105

PHORADENDRON HERBERT-SMITHII

TRELEASE, PHORADENDBON

PLATE 106

PHOBADENDBON EXICITM

PHORADENDRON 8TENOPHYLLUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 107

PHORADENDRON CORIACEUM

PHORADENDRON CORIACEUM QUINTENSE

PHOBADENDRON

PLATE 108

PHORADENDRON ULOPHYLLUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 109

PHORADENDRON HABROSTACHYUM

TBKLKASK, PHOBADENDEON

PL ATK lln

PHORADEXDROX OVALIPOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 111

PHORADENDRON LONGIPETIOLATUM

TRELEASE, PHOBADENDEON

PLATE 112

7

PHORADENDRON B1L1NEATUM

TRELEASE, PHOEADENDRON

PLATE 113

PHORADENDRON RIGIDUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 114

PHORADEXDRON JEXMANI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 115

PHORADENDRON POLTGYNUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 116

PHORADENDRON POLYGYNUM

PHORADENDRON BRIQUETIA^ I M.

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 117

PHORADEXDRON OBLIQUUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 118

PHORADENDRON DIMIDIATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 119

PHORADENDRON PERROTTETII

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 120

Ur

PHORADEXDROX BATHYORYCTUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 121

PHORADENDRON PELLUCIDULUM

TRELEASE, PHOEADENDEON

PLATE 122

PHOBADENDEON HOLOXANTHUM

PHORADENDEON HOLOXANTHUM COEALLISPICUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 123

PHORADENDRON NITIDUM

PHORADENDRON SELLOI

TBELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 124

PHORADENDRON CRASPEDOPHYLLUM

PHORADEXDROX CRASPEDOPHYLLOIDES

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 125

PHORADEXDRON OBTU8ISSIMUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 126

PHORADENDRON ACINACIFOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 127

PHORADENDRON ACINACIFOLIUM

PHORADENDRON REDUCTUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 128

PHORADENDRON WAWRAE

TRELEASE, PHOBADENDEON

PLATE 129

PHOEADENDBON CHEIROCARPUM

PHOBADEXDBOX DECUSSATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDEON

PLATE 130

PHORADENDRON VERNICOSUM

TEELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 131

PHORADENDRON FICI

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 132

PHORADEXDRON CAMPBELLII

TKHLEASE, PHOKADKNDRON

PLATK I.".:!

PHOR ADENDRON GR I S K BACH I A M ' M

TBELEASE, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 134

PHOEADENDBON CHEYSOCABPUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 135

PHORADENDRON ANCEPS

PHORADENDRON HAITENSE

TRELEASP;, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 136

PHORADENDRON HARTII

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 137

-

PHORADENDRON WATTII

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 138

PHORADENDRON WATTII

PHORADENDRON WATTII PRODUCTUM

TEELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 139

PHORADENDRON HELLERI

TRKLKASK. PHOEADENDBON

1M.ATK 140

PHORADENDRON HELLERI SANGU1NKI.M

PHORADEXDROX CREXI'LATTM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 141

PHORADEXDRON DUSSII

TBELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATK 142

PHOBADENDBON GUNDLACHII

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 143

PHORADENDRON DOMINGENSE

TR ELK ASK, PHOEADENDEON

PLATE 144

PHORADENDRON TRINERVIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 143

PHORADEXDRON TRINERVIUM

TEELEA8E, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 146

PHORADEXDRON TRINERYIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 147

PHORADENDRON APPUNI

PHORADENDRON APERTUM

TKELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 148

PHORADEXDRON GUAZUMAE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 149

PHORADENDRON SANCTAE-MARTAE

PHORADENDRON KENSONI

TRELEASE, PHOBADENDBON

PLATK

PHOBADENDRON ZULOAGAE

PHORADENDEON COMMUTATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 151

PHORADENDRON COMMUTATUM

TKKLEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 152

PHORADENDRON RUBRUM

PLATE 153

PHORADEXDROX RUBRUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 154

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 155

PHORADENDRON QUADRANGULARE

PHORADENDRON VISCIFOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 156

PHORADENDRON WIESNERIANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 157

PHORADENDRON PIAUHYANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 158

PHORADENDRON CEIBANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 159

PHORADENDROX VEXEZUELEXSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 160

PHORADENDRON ANTILLARUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 161

r

PHORADENDRON ANTILLARUM ORIENTALE

PHORADENDRON ANTILLARUM LONGUM

TEELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 162

PHORADENDRON TOWNSENDI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 1C3

PHORADENDRON GRACILE

TRELEASE, PHORADENTDRON

PLATE 164

PHORADENDRON MICROPHYLLUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 165

PHORADENDRON AFFINE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 166

'

PHORADENDRON MARTIANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 167

PHORADENDRON GAUMERI

PHORADENDRON TAMAULIPENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 168

PHORADENDRON ZACAPAXUM

TBELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 169

PHORADEXDRON LYONI

TRKLEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 170

PHORADENDRON EMARGINATUM

TKELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 171

PHORADENDROX OBOVATIFOLIUM

TRELEA8E, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 172

PHORADENDRON MINOR

PHORADENDRON MUCRONATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 173

PHORADENDEON YUCATANUM

PHORADENDRON OTTONIS

TRELEASK, PHOBADENDBON

PLATE 174

PHORADENDRON DEGENIANUM

PHORADENDRON CUNEIFOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 175

PHORADENDRON CEARENSE MINOR

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 176

PHORADENDRON CEARENSE

PHORADENDRON CARACASANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 177

PHORADENDRON ARGENTINUM

PHORADENDRON ERNSTIANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 178

PHORADENDRON MELIAE

PHORADENDRON PRUINOSUM

TRELEASE, PHOEADENDRON

PLATE 179

PHORADENDRON LIGA

TRELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 180

PHORADENDRON LIGA

PHORADENDRON HIERONYMI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 181

PHORADENDRON LINEARIFOLIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 182

PHORADENDRON ENSIFOLIUM

TEELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 183

PHOEADENDBON LANCEOLATO-ELL1PTICUM

TBELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 184

PHORADENDRON MACRARTHRUM

TBELEA8E, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 185

PHORADENDRON FALCIFRONS

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 186

PHORADENDRON FALCIFRONS

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 187

PHORADENDRON TUCUMANENSE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 188

PHORADENDRON TUCUMANENSE

PHORADENDRON KUNTZEI

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 189

PHORADENDRON NORTHROPIAE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 190

PHORADENDRON UNDULATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 191

PHORADENDRON UNDULATUM

PHORADENDRON HERMINIERI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 192

PHORADENDRON GRACILISPICUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 193

PHORADENDRON PERUVIANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 194

PHORADENDRON BALANSAE

TRELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 195

PHORADENDRON BALANSAE HASSLERI

PHORADENDRON AVENIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 196

PHORADENDRON ENGLERIANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 197

PHORADENDRON MANDONII

PHORADENDRON MATHEWSI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 198

PHORADENDRON WARMINGII

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 199

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 200

PHORADENDRON HEXASTICHUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 201

PHORADENDRON HEXASTICHUM ANGUSTTFOLIUM

PHORADENDRON OLIVERIANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 202

PHORADENDRON RACEMOSUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 203

1

PHORADENDRON RACEMOSUM

TR ELE AS E, PHOR AD EN DROX

PLATE 204

PHORADENDRON PRODUCTIPES

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDEON

PLATE 205

PHORADENDRON CERINOCAEPUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 206

TEELEASE, PHOEADENDEON

PLATE 207

PHOBADENDBON CAEINATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 208

PHORADENDRON BRITTONIANUM

PHORADENDRON PTERONEURON

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 209

PHORADENDRON PTERONEURON

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 210

PHORADENDRON FRAGILE

TR EL EASE, PHORADENDEON

PHORADENDRON EGGERS1I

PHORADENDRON FENDLERIANUM

TBELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 212

PHORADENDRON PARADOXUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE 213

PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOL1UM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 214

PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM

PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM MULTIFLORUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 215

PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM PITTIERI

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 21G

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 217

Vdt

PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES

TKKLKASi;, I'HORADKXDROX

IM,ATK

f/r ?,•

PHORADEXDEON PIPEROIDES

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATK

PHORADEXDROX PIPEROIDES

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 220

* ?

I

PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 221

PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATE L':^

PHORADENDRON PIPEROIDES

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 223

PHORADENDRON GARDNERIANUM

PHORADENDRON ESSEQUIBENSE

TKELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 224

PHORADENDRON STRONGYLOCLADOS

TRELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 223

PHORADENDRON JOHNSTONI

PHORADENDRON CAESALPINIAE

TKELEASE, PHORADENDEON

PLATE 226

PHORADENDEON SURINAMENSE

TR ELK ASK, PHORADENDROX

PLATK i'L'7

TT^i

PHORADENDRON PLATYCAULON

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 228

PHORADENDRON PACHYPHYLLUM

PHORADENDRON KNOOPH

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 229

PHORADENDRON CHRYSOCLADON

TEELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 230

PHORADENDRON CHRYSOCLADON

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 231

PHORADENDRON MEMBRANACEUM

PHORADENDRON QUINQUENERVIUM

PLATE 232

L

PHORADENDRON SUPRAVENULOSUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE, 233

PHORADENDRON FLA YENS

TBELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 234

PHORADENDRON TRISULCATUM

PHORADEXDROX URBAN 1 A N I .M

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 235

.

PHORADENDRON LINDAVIANUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 236

PHORADENDRON LAXIFLORUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 237

PHORADENDRON HUALLAGENSE

PHORADENDRON DICHOTOMUM

TRELEASE, PHORADEXDROX

PLATE 238

PHORADENDROX DICHOTOMUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDROX

PLATE 239

PHORADENDRON DICHOTOMUM

PHORADENDRON DICHOTOMUM OVATIFOLIUM

TKKLKASE, PHORADEXDRON

PLATK

PHORADENDROX CYMOSUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 241

.

I

I I

PHORADENDRON GALAPAGEIUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 242

PHORADENDRON HENSLOVII

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 243

PHORADENDRON HENSLOVII

PHORADENDRON UNCINATUM

TRELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 244

PHORADENDRON CAMPINENSE

PHORADENDRON HOLTON1S

TKELEASE, PHORADENDRON

PLATE 245

DELESSERT

ION GENERALE

I
PHORADENDRON LINDENI

170775

THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ

SCIENCE LIBRARY

This book is due on the last DATE stamped below.

1971 JUN 29

N.B.- HOLD

JAN 5
REC'D JAN 6

MAY 15 '82

*"

D MAY 2 9 1982

.

JUN 1 3 2

BEC

JO

N

'8

"

>Om-4,'69(J7948s8)2477

OM95 PS6T7 So

III II

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