es a ee eo et eet ee ee ees ~* a aad agen age olen! i aS © ee ee = - ane cae oer ee a - - a te a er ITT 9 RENT EE ae = oe enn LA A I LE ANS EL I A A II A wee ee er ee ee ee nee eee — mine ee aiid Ne SS eA Se ar anaes nm Ane eet ee — ae ET ee a - = mentees ag re ee a SE OE TT OE fre ee ee ers re ED RO eae - ge 27 eee - oe om or a er er err ee 2 - Se ae 2 Te PO Sete — eee Om 6 te Fem » r a = ~ oot ee ewe wre ee = Me et Se I er ° henge — a - ee oe te oe oe ' ? Se ah OT Se ee a ne a ee wee — 2 Tr Re EE ES a ee ae a “+ « > oo a ed ae et ad - a Ae ee ne ay ~ - ~ : ene Com ee 2p Ona a PO ~ one et ee eee ee hee ng ye eS > Smaneete : —_ > ay nee age, ss —— end aie eats, ose a Ole ee ae int 4 oem eo oes ~ =o Ne Nandan eee a ee i NS EE ed een e ee hee 4 A — ee, “EEE 4 OO ye 2 tee a ent oes ee ote ee gerenerye renal ae an te I ae et Ee a Ome ~— et oun o., Supa aw. > peer P= qe be ee, eee, So. PAP ert = Ls a a ee OE ar ae le a * . A ee my EN = FO ar a. api Saya Parra naia SOT one , a ea om peeteerres: Saha ea a I seat arene ic speme ow 4 ear oS ee ne we ee eae D aR i mt r annie et A my aT —_ rr ee ne “ Fe agi retain st Rae ’ a ee aoeet pa ees A TH OTE ~~ am H =~ ue et he I owen " 2 PL LO ES el Ca hag A AD LAD I te ARDEA § = iz) 22 EN ae - December, 1916 Extension Bulletin 9 Cornell Extension Bulletin Published by the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York A. R. Mann, Acting Director of Extension Service Gladiolus Studies—I Botany, History, and Evolution of the Gladiolus Alvin C. Beal Published and distributed in furtherance of the purposes provided for in the Act of Congress of May 8, 1914 December, 1916 Extension Bulletin 9 Cornell Extension Bulletin Published by the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York A. R. Mann, Acting Director of Extension Service Gladiolus Studies—I Botany, History, and Evolution of the Gladiolus Alvin C. Beal Published and distributed in furtherance of the purposes provided for in the Act of Congress of May 8, 1914 vin Tt 3 - PREFACE The American Gladiolus Society was organized at Boston, Massachu- setts, on the 27th of May, rgro, and the first meeting was held at Roch- ester, New York, in August of the same year. Among the objects of the society were the following: “to establish a standard nomenclature; to test out new varieties and give them the recognition they deserve; and to disseminate information relating to this flower.”’ Through a cooperative arrangement between the society and Professor L. B. Judson, representing the Department of Horticulture at Cornell University, the trial grounds of the society were located at Ithaca, New York. On the resignation of Professor Judson, who was in charge of the trials, the direction of the tests devolved on Professor John Craig, who placed George J. Burt in charge of the detail work. Mr. Burt made the notes in the field during 1ro911, and in the greenhouse in the winter of tgt1-12. Since March, 1912, A. C. Hottes has had charge of the trials, at first under the direction of Professor Craig and later under the super- vision of the writer. On October 1, 1913, the Department of Floriculture at Cornell University was organized, and the gladiolus trials were con- tinued as a part of the investigative work of the department. All the varieties included in these studies have been tested for more than one season, and thus a more satisfactory estimate of the merits of each variety has been obtained than would otherwise have been possible. If the work has seemed prolonged, it is due in part to the unusual and unavoidable changes in its supervision, but in larger measure to the difficulty encountered in procuring stock of varieties suspected of being synonymous with the varieties already known. The thanks of the American Gladiolus Society and of the Department of Floriculture at Cornell are due to all who have assisted in the work either by the donation of corms or by furnishing information. Those connected with the trials are indebted also to the present and the former officers of the society for their cooperation and support. The present bulletin is intended to trace the development of the gladi- olus up to the present time. Succeeding bulletins will treat of its culture and of the varieties that have been tested in the Craig gardens of the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University. Atvin C. BEAL, Professor of Floricultural Investigations, Cornell University. Chairman Nomenclature Comnuttee, American Gladiolus Society. CONTENTS PAGE Botany ofthe gladiolus... “12.40.20... dewes. - oe on eee 94 History of the genus <5 Dy .ne2l2s <2 fdan 0. ee 95 Evokition of the.vladiolus. 20047... 2 = eee . See 121 History of garden species... 00. 5s. 75) eps. See 137 Pyprid etadiolt 2:4 elo.) Se, ie ‘v5 aa History of gladiotus m America... . 2... kh s12.< Pe ee 154 Bibliography. of the gladiolus <. 23)... . Spc3.3.4.2. 163 Oratieel- Works; |< 7 = 1 eae een Wk. Ge 163 Specinl-works <0) Ay 2 oe eS. UL a 166 History and development... 022... + 5 ee 168 Color plates. and figures; 2)... Sawcgi 4 Ae 171 Gladiolus ‘species: .< rien Aca 9s Ae ee 171 Hybrid gladioli 22: 2 i.e 28 for 175 Horticultural: varieties... 72S es See 176 Tndexii fe. Sc LAST ae ee 183 Species. och Sse. oy Nn AS Bie ae ete eee 183 Groups of varieties... .... 00.2559. Ss igs | 187 Horticultural types... 9.2.06. . ob. el, 00 187 Growers mentioned. 0.-. 0.5.05. 04 be ee wale ne 187 GLADIOLUS GANDAVENSIS ADAPTED FROM VAN HOUTTE'S FLORE DES SERRES ET DES JARDINS DE L’EUROPE ** GLADIOLUS STUDIES—I BOTANY, HISTORY, AND EVOLUTION OF THE GLADIOLUS Atvin C. BEAL And the small wild pinks from tender Feather-grasses peep at us While above them burns on slender Stems the red gladiolus.— Lord Lytton. Among the summer garden flowers, few, if any, have made more rapid progress in popular favor in recent years than the gladiolus. The showy character of the tall spikes of flowers, their long period of bloom and com- parative ease of culture, render them popular garden subjects. Popular as they now are, they deserve to be better known until they are found in every garden or dooryard where flowers are grown. Although gladiolus blossoms have been sold on some markets for many years, it appears that only during the last fifteen years have the merits of this plant as a summer cut flower come to be known and appreciated by florists and the flower-buying public. At the present time, gladioli rank among the first of the summer cut flowers for market, their keeping qualities rendering them very satisfactory for table and other decorations. The name gladiolus is variously pronounced and from time to time during the last fifty years its pronunciation has occasioned some contro- versy in the horticultural press. The word is a Latin diminutive of gladius (a sword) and means little sword. If the pronunciation follows the Latin rule, according to which derivative endings in olus have a short penulti- mate syllable, the o is short. Furthermore, according to the rule for Latin pronunciation, a vowel is regularly short before another. vowel, which makes the z short. Latin dictionaries give the first vowel in gladius and gladiolus as short. The word should therefore be marked thus: gladidlus.! The rule for accent is as follows: “ Words of more than two syllables are accented upon the penult (next to the last) if that is a long syllable, otherwise upon the antepenult (second from the last).’’? Gladiolus, having a short penult syllable, 0, would have the accent on the 7, or antepenult syllable, thus: gla-di’-6-lus. The plural is properly gladioli, although the English sometimes write it gladioluses. 1 Latin pronunciation English pronunciation a as in Cuba a as in fat i as in cigar i asin pin 6 as in obey 6 as in nol 2? Bennett, C. E. A Latin grammar. Revised edition, page 5. 1908. 93 94 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 BOTANY OF THE GLADIOLUS The gladioli are cormaceous plants belonging to the family Iridaceae, which embraces more than thirty genera of ornamental plants in American culture, including Crocus, Ixia, Freesia, and Iris. Crocus and Iris are distinguished at once from Gladiolus, Ixia, and Freesia by the fact that they normally have more than one flower toa spathe. Ixia has equilateral . stamens and a regular perianth, while in Freesia, Lapeyrousia, and Watsonia the style branches are bifid and the stamens uni- lateral. Botanists have had some difficulty in determining whether various plants of this section of the iris family belong to the genus Gladiolus, Lapey- rousia, Babiana, or Antholyza. Babiana is distinguished by its very hairy, plaited leaves, while Antholyza has the tube suddenly dilated at the middle instead of gradually widening ‘as in the genus Gladiolus. The corms of the different species of Gladiolus vary con- siderably in size, shape, and color. Usually the body of the corm is white, yellowish,. or red, and it is covered with a brown skin. The height of the plants varies considerably, ranging from a few inches to four feet or more. The leaves, which contribute so much to the beauty of the plant, vary in length, breadth, and color, and also in number, some of the species having only two leaves while others have from four to six. The leaves are graceful, often bending backward toward their points as if to give greater prominence to the stem which arises out of them as they recurve from either side. The flowers form a spike on the summit of the stem, in some species arranged on one side of the stem only, in others on opposite sides. In the more modern cultivated varieties the flowers open so widely as to form a spike of matchless beauty. Fic. 3. GLADIOLUS SEGETUM GLabDIoLus StupiEs — I 95 HISTORY OF THE GENUS The botanists and herbalists of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, dealing only with the plants of Europe, did not give much attention to gladioli. Therefore little is found concerning this plant in the writings of Cordus, Clusius, the Bauhins, Dodoens, Caesalpinus, and Lobelius, and it is not until after 1750 that one finds numerous addi- tions to the number of gladioli. The history of the plant is as follows: Gerarde (1597) mentions the follow- ing: G. Narbonensis, French corn flag. Flowers purple and arranged on both sides of the stalk. G. Italicus, Italian corn flag. Flowers purple, sim- ilar in form to the preced- ing but arranged on one side of the stalk. A variety of this has pale-colored flowers. The other forms mentioned —G. Lacus- tris, water sword-flag (mentioned in second edition, page 105), and G. palustris, water gladiole—were plants belonging to different genera. Gerarde says fur- ther: These kinds of corne Fic. 4. FLOWER OF GLADIOLUS SEGETUM flags growe in medowes, and in eareable grounds among corne in many places of Italy, as also in the parts of Fraunce bordering thereunto. Neither are the fields of Austria and Moravia without them, as Cordus writeth. We have great plentie of them in our London gardens, especially for the garnishing and decking them up, with their seemely flowers.‘ The gladiolus flowered from May to the end of June. Bradley (1728) describes six forms of gladioli: G. Narbonensis, French corn flag. Flowers reddish purple and arranged on one side of the spike. 3 Dates in parenthesis refer to bibliography, page 163. * It may be noted that Gerarde, in giving the various names of this plant, says that “ Valerius Cordus calleth corne flag Victortalis femina; others Victorialis rotunda: In the Germanic toong, Seigwurts.” 96 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 G. flore rubente, Blush corn flag. Resembles the French corn-flag except that it has pale red flowers. G. flore albo, white corn flag. Similar to the last except that the flowers are white. G. purpureus minor, small purple corn flag. Has smaller leaves, stalk, and flowers than the French corn-flag, which it otherwise resembles. The flowers are arranged on one side of the spike. . G. Italicus, Italian corn flag. Flowers a little darker than those of the French corn- - flag, and arranged on both sides of the spike. : G. Byzantinus, corn flag of Constantinople. Flowers deeper red in color and larger, and with larger roots and leaves, than the French corn flag, and arranged on one side of the spike. Blooms after the other species are past. Plant more tender than the preceding. Breyne (1739b) describes Gladiolus tristem, G. angustem, G. plicatum, and G. puniceum Lam. The last-named is considered a synonym of G. villosus Ker. G. angustus was described in Hortus Cliffortianus under the name G. folizs linearibus. Linneus, in his Hortus Cliffortianus (1737), describes the following species and gives references to the names of these in the writings of other botanists: 1. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus. Gladiolus, floribus uno versu dispositis, major. Bauh. pin. 41. Gladiolus sive Xyphion. Bauh. hist. 2. p. 701. Victorialis rotunda. Besl. eyst. 66. f. 2. Gladiolus, floribus uno versu dispositis, major & procerior, flore purpureo- rubente. Tournef. inst. 365, Boerh. lugdb. 2. p. 365. Gladiolus. Riv. mon. 163. Gladiolus, floribus uno versu dispositis, major & procerior, flore candicante. Tournef. inst. 365. Gladiolus, floribus uno versu dispositis, minor & humilior. Tournef. inst. 365. Gladiolus, floribus uno versu dispositis, minor. Tournef. inst. 366. Gladiolus carnei coloris. Tournef.-inst. 365. Boerh. lugdb. 2. p. 127. Gladiolus utrinque floridus. Bauh. pin. 41. Boerh. lugdb. 2. p. 126. Gladiolus utrinque floriferus. Dod. pempt. 209. Gladiolus utrinque floridus, flore rubro. Tournef. inst. 366. Gladiolus utrinque floridus, flore albo. Tournef. inst. 366. Boerh. lugdb. 2. p. 127. (Native of Italy and around Monspelium.) 2. Gladiolus foliis linearibus. Vid. Tab. Gladiolus africanus, folio gramineo, floribus carneis, macula rhomboidea purpurea inscriptis, uno versu positis. Boerh. lugdb. 2. p. 127. (Native of Africa.) In Species Plantarum, Linnzeus (1753 b) describes the following species: communis, 1. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus, floribus distantibus. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus. Hort. cliff. 20... Hort. ups. 16. Gladiolus caule simplicissimo, foliis ensiformibus. Roy. lwgdb. 19. Gladiolus floribus uno versu dispositis. Bauh. pin. 41. Habitat in Europa australi. imbricatus. 2. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus, floribus imbricatis. Habitat in Russia citertore. Flores parvi versus unum latus tmbricatt. spicatus. [Not at present included in the genus Gladiolus. Is Watsonia spicata.] angustus. 4. Gladiolus foliis linearibus, floribus distantibus, corollarum tubo limbis longiore. Gladiolus caule simplcissimo, foliis linearibus, floribus alternis. Roy. lugdb. 19. Gladiolus foliis linearibus. Hort. cliff. 20. *t. 6. Habitat in Africa. GLaDIOLus StupIEs — I z 07 ramosus. [Not at present included in genus Gladiolus. Is Melasphaerula graminea.| capitatus. {Not at present included in genus Gladiolus. Is Aristea capitata.] The second edition (1762) includes in addition to the above: alatus. 4. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus, petalis lateralibus latissimis. Amen. acad. 6 afric 2.* Sisyrinchium viperarum. Pluk. phyt. 224. f. 8. Habitat ad Cap. b. spei. plicatus. [Now included in genus Babiana as B. stricta.] tristis. 6. Gladiolus foliis lineari-cruciatis, corollis campanulatis. Gladiolus bifolius & biflorus, foliis quadrangulis. Trew. ehret. t. 39. Halntai in Athiopia. : alopecuroides. {Now known as Watsonia plantaginea.] In the Encyclopédie Botanique (Lamarck, 1786) twenty-six species are _ described, but in addition to the species of Linnzeus only the following are now recognized: G. bimaculatus |=involutus]; G. puniceus [=villosus (?)); G. luteus Lam.; G. montanus Linn; andG. recurvus. The other species are now included in Babiana, Ixia, Lapeyrousia, Melasphaerula, and Watsonia. John Bellenden Gawler (who later changed his name to Ker, also given “in the bibliography) was the most prominent investigator working on the order Iridaceae during the first thirty or forty years of the nineteenth century. He published (Gawler, 1805) a complete synopsis of all the twenty-six genera, with a list of the two hundred and twenty-five species then known. In this paper many genera now recognized were for the - first time named and fully characterized. Among these are Anomatheca, Aristea, Babiana, Geissorhiza, Hesperantha, Marica, Melasphaerula, Morphixia, Pardanthus, Sparaxis, and Tritonia. The following list of species of Gladiolus is given:® Cunonia (Antholyza) B. M. t. 343. Watsonius, B. M. t. 450. Quadrangularis, B. M. t. 567 [Baker places this in Antholyza]. Namaquensis, B. M. t. 592 [Baker gives this as a variety of G. alatus]. Alatus, B. M. t. 586. Viridis, Hort. Kew. 3 p. 481 [Ker later places this in Tritonial]. Viperatus, B. M. t. 688 [Baker gives this as a synonym of G. orchidiflorus Andr.]. Permeabilis, De la Roche Diss. 27. Versicolor, B. M. t. 556 [Baker places this under G. grandis Thunb.]. Tristis, B. M. t. 272. Hyalinus, Jacq. Ic. var. 2. t. 242. Tenellus, ‘Jacq. Ic. var. 2. t. 248. coll. 4. t. 3. f. 1. Setifolius, Thunb. Diss. de Glad. 18. Gracilis, B. M. t. 562. Carinatus, B. M. t. 578 [Baker places this under G. recurvus Linn.]. Hirsutus [B. M. plates cited are not figures of this species]. Flexuosus, Thunb. Diss. de Glad. t. 1. f. 1 [Baker places this species in the genus Acidanthera]. 5 Citations to plates that were not later confirmed by Baker have been omitted, so that persons desiring to look up the species of Gladiolus known one hundred years ago may do so without error. The comments in brackets after some of the species, except in the first case, were added by the writer from an examination of later works on the subject. 98 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Carneus, B. M. t. 591 [Baker regards this as a synonym of var. ventricosus Lam. of G. cuspidatus Jacq.}. ; Cuspidatus, B. M. t. 582. Blandus, B. M. t. 625, 645, 648. Angustus, B. M. t. 602. Undulatus, B. M. t. 647. Floribundus, B. M. t. 610. Milleri, B. M. t. 632. Cardinalis, B. M. t. 135. Byzantinus, B. M. tab. nondum evulgata (347). Communis, B. M. t. 86. Segetum, B. M. t. 719. For many years Ker added to the knowledge of Iridaceae through his contributions to Curtis’s Botanical Magazine. Later he joined Sydenham Edwards in establishing the Botanical Register. He published separately at Brussels in 1827 a paper entitled Genera Iridearum, in which he gives a synoptic list of a little over three hundred species classified in thirty genera. Under Gladiolus he recognizes the following in addition to those named above: speciosus Thunb. ; merianellus Thunb. ; villosus Ker; aphyllus Ker; brevifolius Jacq.; laevis Thunb.; Breynianus Ker; suaveolens Ker; elongatus Thunb.; trichonemifolius Ker; inflatus Thunb.; recurvus Linn.; trimaculatus Lam.; vomerculus Ker; involutus De la Roche; edulis Ker; imbricatus Linn.; luteus Lam. Altogether he gives a synoptic list of forty-six species of Gladiolus, with a list of eight additional names of species doubtfully placed. With the publication of this paper the labors of this botanist on the order appear to have ceased. After the death of Dean Herbert in 1847 there was no recognized authority on the Iridaceae for about thirty years. Dr. F. W. Klatt, of Hamburg, between 1863 and 1895 published several papers which collectively give a fairly good synopsis of the order. In 1878 John Gilbert Baker published his Systema Iridacearum in the Journal of the Linnean Society, in which he classified about seven hundred species in sixty-five genera. His Handbook of the Iridee appeared in 1892, and in this are fully described nine hundred and twenty-six species belonging to fifty-seven genera. The following generic description and list of subgenera of Gladiolus are taken from thé latter work. No key is given to the one hundred and thirty-two species described, but the number of species included under each subgenus is given. GLADIOLUS Linn. Perianth-tube usually funnel-shaped; segments of the limb more or less unequal in shape and direction, oblong, spathulate or unguiculate, the upper of the outer row generally the largest. Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube, contiguous and arching; filaments short, free; anthers linear, -basifixed. Ovary 3-celled; ovules many, superposed; style long, arcuate; stigmas cuneate, entire. Capsule oblong, loculi- cidally _3-celled. Seeds globose or discoid, sometimes distinctly winged.— Rootstock a tunicated corm. Produced leaves distichous, superposed on the stem, generally linear or ensiform. Inflorescence spicate; flowers 1 to a spathe, sessile; spathe-valves linear or lanceolate. Flowers very various in size and colour. ; GiapDIoLus Stupies — I 99 Subgenus EvuGLap1oLus.— Perianth-tube funnel-shaped; segments not distinctly _unguiculate. ’ Species of Europe and Western Asia. h LEAF 5s copy Nis aS ai iin An ee Sekt ce i a Sp. 1-5. Sapna Sn, SR CR ph ee che Bre ee ad pf t ic aie cars ns Sp. 6-8. . Seas METAR INNA Ra ot eS, pe ere EE CU he 2 n Serer Sp. 9-15. Species of the Cape and Tropical Africa. P Leaves subterete or linear. aegis MRE cee RN ERS CR TIEA oe SM NS S/n og hn ered? nine ce A'S 3 a's Sp. 16-31. eae aide eetieritS QUbEIGSe: Sons Se Pele ale eee clang hs ate akg pw ee De Sp. 32-72. MMR TMECESISAL «Shame rs, Hae Se Baits cn he O' Nps hha S/n HEB OL oe ala Sp. 73-109. Subgenus II. HersBea.— Perianth-tube short; segments distinctly unguiculate. RET MO LSE as, Now can ae Ny She REE aS wit ya thaiets & anlar Bee 0 Sp. 110-124. Subgenus III. ScHWEIGGERA.— Flowers small; segments distinctly unguiculate. RRC M ES Ne once ots, Oi satak ACs pn tee Sa Pea Pius, fee wee Sp. 125-126. Subgenus IV. HomocGLossum.— Perianth-tube like that of a Watsonia; segments A eet Ce ane Oey Seeing Ieee hooker Bs Pp eae | ee a Sp. 127-132. The following key to eighty-one of the Cape species appears in Flora Capensis (Baker, 1896-97). The European, Asiatic, and central African species are of course not included. _ Subgenus I. EvGiapioLus. Spathe-valves large, green, lanceolate; perianth-segments not distinctly unguiculate. A. Leaves terete or linear: Perianth-segments acute: Perianth—-tube 13-2 in. long: Leaves subterete: Perianth-segments long and gradually pointed. (1) grandis. Perianth-segments shortly pointed: Perianth pale or slightly flushed with dark Rye eg os A nse ong Pe ea aE SIT (2) tristis. Perianth dark ine. } 22a 5 Lee tek & (3) recurvus. Leaves linear: Segments with a short cusp................. (4) angustus. Segments with a long cusp.................. (5) cuspidatus. Perianth-tube about an inch long: Leaves subterete: Flowers horizontal: Soe see Pe a ek Waits See Cok (6) hastatus. rece siee MASE IRE ly Ee mona welt mie (7) gracilis. lowers yellowishs 2-0 thei, tae Des (8) tenellus. WEES MSIDELeGh « eo0e 3 a1 cls Ot Siena Selb (9) trichonemifolius. Leaves linear: Biawers Hide ees se era ea et ee ei Ree dic (10) vomerculus. Blowerscvellowisiren2 Seer enti oS oe kt (11) strictus. Whole flower not above an inch long: Leaf with scarcely any free point.............. (12) pubescens. Went slendemisubterete..0 25 te on ee (13) Lambda. Hee hl VTLS Teel i clea SE Sas ee Eo Bie: ey ae ee (14) rachidiflorus. Perianth-segments obtuse or obscurely cuspidate: / Stem-leaves with only very short, free points: Sheaths glabrous: Flowers pink or lilac: Perianth-tube half as long as the segments.. (15) microphyllus. Perianth-tube as long as the segments...... (16) brevifolius. Perianth-tube longer than the segments..... (17) tabularis. Flower-segments white with a red keel........ (18) inandensis RSMEANS Pa ce tes wa ae ew 4 eee (19) Woodii. 100 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Stem-leaves with long, free points: Leaves subulate or very narrow: Flowers erect or suberect: Segments shorter than the tube............ (20) tenuis. Segments equalling the tube............... (21) debilis. Segments rather longer than the tube....... (22) Bolusii. Segments 2-3 times the length of the tube: Plowersybreitrlilace ca, cee ee (23) biflorus. Flowers pale yellow 7 i.42)-.o0 02 kas (24) erectiflorus. Flowers horizontal with a curved tube: Flowers 1-4 in a spike: Upper segments 3-3 in. broad: Flowers white = Ssees se ee tees (25) cochleatus. Blowers bright redv 235 4s5 0.5 oa ok (26) Rogersii. (Plowerg pilots eek terete te: ko ede. (27) Pappei. Upper segments 3—? in. broad: Corm-tunics of fine fibres............. (28) inflatus. Corm-tunics of wiry-strands........... (29) spathaceus. Flowers. many-in’a spikes. .. 222 (30) involutus. Leaves linear: Leaf-sheaths glabrous: Perianth-tube 12in. long... .. 2.0. ee (31) hyalinus. Penanth-tube tan lone. 2) cb. Ne arenes (32) vittatus. Perianth=tabe sin lOng. pe cae apie nate (33) striatus. Perianth tube 4—3 in. long: Segments half as long as the tube........ (34) paludosus. Segments twice the length of the tube: Prodiced leaves 22ey4. seen ete ee ee (35) niveni. Produced leaves 3-4: ? Stamens half as long as limb........ (36) punctatus. Stamens as long as the lower segments (37) brachyscyphus. eat-sheaths hainyaie oa, sarin cre mite ae ae ee (38) villosus. B. Leaves ensiform. Parviflori. Perianth-tube under an inch long. _ Spikes equilateral; flowers very numerous: Flowers red: Perianth-tibels it Mon per.ccaco ee ane oe ee eee (39) crassifolius. Penianth-tube= in. long» os. oso sone te eee (40) Elliotii. Flowers yellow: Seen pUDEscenba 6s ciies ive = te teou he Oe mR ee (41) Ludwigii. ShembavilllOSGk easys Sree cilels Socese tee mal ote be eee ee (42) sericeo-villosus. Spikes secund; flowers fewer: BB WEIS VCUGW oot. 2cnn x out lal tees So oe eee (43) ochroleucus Flowers red: Upper segments 3 in. broad Penanth=tube-+ in. long. 59s. oo: co eee (44) Kirkii. Perianth-tube2rin= longs. 24 0 ae eee (45) Eckloni. 3 Upper segments } in. broad; two inner lower with a large dark blotch: Plowers :yellow?.. =). 2 ecs oe tee ee ee (46) purpureo-auratus. Flowers purple: Outer spathe-valve 1-1} in. long.....°.......... (47) Papilio. Outer spathe-valve 13-2 in. long... . 922.05... (48) Rehmanni. Blandi. Perianth-tube 1-2 in. long; flowers white or pale red. Segments obovate, obscurely pointed: Sheaths and leaves hairy: Sepments as-long as the tubes.) 2%. 5 ses ee (49) hirsutus. Segments shorter than‘the tube. . 2. / 2. J roe ee nae (50) salmoneus. Sheaths and leaves glabrous: Perianth-tubeil—t pms lone.) sae een eee (51) scaphochlamys. Perianth-tubeda—oun. longs i. nase ee eee (52) floribundus. \ GLADIOLUS: STUDIES — I IOI Segments oblong, distinctly pointed: Ms Perianth-tube curved: SE MS a eae (53) oppositiflorus. Peeeiness = 0 Sa -MTRE o ss 88S oS Sea ee (54) blandus. Perianth-tube nearly straight: Segments nearly concolorous. ................-...-- (55) Milleri. Segments with a bright red central band............. (56) undulatus. Cardinales. Flowers large, bright red, with a nearly straight tube, and upper segments not distinctly hooded. Segments subequal, shorter than the tube................ (57) Macowani. Upper segments as long as the tube................... (58) Adlami. Segments unequal, longer than the tube: tener sepments +—s:m-. broad. ..."......-.2-2.2.5.% (59) cardinalis. Upper segments obovate, I-13 in. broad: Mewes HACLS 8. —9 in IONE oe so en se ee a ee (60) splendens. Mower bracts 3-61: lone s* }. . 2 2 Cee (61) cruentus. Dracocephali. Flowers large, with a much-curved tube and upper segments hooded. Flowers dull-coloured: etre SATE ere So. oh She 5. ee SOR (62) dracocephalus. ae CARMI gS oa es ee ss Oecd are ees (63) platyphyllus. Flowers bright red: Pemeramrus tnan the tubes.<. 22... . feiss. toe. (Q4) psittacinus. Limb as long as the tube: Pies fear si sthy USN ee) a) oe Gee ie eee (65) Leichtlinii. eta id i a py (66) Tysoni. tea iouper than the iube. :... 2... 27. ee (67) Saundersii. erertae eth VOUOW 22.0% ,.50% 0%. oS. aes ee ee ee (68) aurantiacus. Subgenus II. Hepes. Spathe-valves large, green, ob- long-lanceolate. Perianth-segments all with a narrow claw. Side-segments about 3 in. broad: Flowers red: Leaves with many close equal ribs.................. (69) alatus. Leaves with only a thickened midrib and edge........ (70) spathulatus. Flowers greenish-yellow... ......-.--..2-.-.20..000.05. (71) orchidiflorus. Side-segments about } in. broad: ema ated EERE SIICTISN I ONS ee en Tes wg Pe gc omens (72) pulchellus. EME gE CMESISIESE oo 58 oak Fs oar Nt aS ore ge a (73) bicolor. Side-segments about } in. broad: Stems stout; flowers few to a spike........:..-...0..¢. (74) arcuatus. _ Stems slender; flowers many to a spike: Segments cuspidate: Upper segments F1 in. lonup..2.. 2... 2... See oa (75) formosus. Upper segments 2-1 in. long: ‘Tunics of fine parallel fibres. ...............4.... (76) edulis. ‘Tunics-lacerated:from the base. ..:. 2.2. ....-: . ... (77) Scullyi. Segments not cuspidate: Claw of upper segments very narrow.............. (78) Dregei. Claw of upper segments not very narrow........... (79) permeabilis. Subgenus III. ScHWEIGGERA. Spathe-valves small, brown, rigid. Segments all with a distinct slender claw and small blade. Perianth-limb 3-3? in. long. (80) arenarius. Peel Bushy, bes LONE ne 2 a Sen a Tie one oe te gee os 9 oc (81) montanus. Of the Cape species included in the foregoing key, Gladiolus erectiflorus, -G. tnflatus, and G. platyphyllus are new species and were not described in Baker’s Handbook of the Iridee. Many species from other parts of the world are described in the last- named work. The fifteen European and Asiatic species are named on 102 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 pages 199 to 202. The following are from tropical Africa: andongensts Welw. ex Baker; angolensis Welw. ex Baker; atropurpureus Baker; benguellensis Baker; brachyandrus Baker; brevicaulis Baker; Buchanant Baker; Buettnert Pax; coerulescens Baker; corneus Oliv.; decoratus Baker; Grantiit Baker; gregarius Welw.; Hanningtoni Baker; kilimandscharicus Pax; laxiflorus Baker; luridus Welw.; Melleri Baker; micranthus Baker; multiflorus Baker; newit Baker; Oatesu Rolfe; pauciflorus Baker; prim- anus A. Rich.; splendens Baker; sulphureus Baker; Thomsoni Baker; ungut- culatus Baker; Welwitschit Baker; zambesiacus Baker. From central Madagascar are reported G. Garmtert Klatt and G. luteus Lam. Further study has resulted in the discovery that G. andongensts Welw. ex Baker, G. angolensis Welw. ex Baker, G. kilimand- scharicus Pax, G. newt Baker, G. primulinus Baker, and G. Welwitschi Baker, are really syn- onyms of G. Quartinianus A. Rich. Since the publication of the Handbook of the Iridee and the Flora Capensis, a number of species of Gladiolus from tropical Africa and elsewhere have been described. Some of these have been published by Mr. Baker and are therefore new species. Others have been described by persons who have not made any monographic studies on the genus. It is not improbable that some of them are forms of the apparently very variable G. Ouartinianus A. Rich or of other known species. A few new specific names have appeared among the European FIG. 5. GLADIOLUS LEICHTLINII BAKER ulinus Baker; Quartini-. , = GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I 103 species, but it is not probable that the supposed new species of Jordan are more than varietal forms of species already known. The following is a complete list of the supposed new species from Europe and Africa: affinis De Wild. antunesit Baker, 1897 aphanophyllus Baker, 1898 Arnoldianus De Wild. arvaticus Jord. atrorubens Brown, 1914 Bakeri Klatt, 1893 Baum Harms bellus Wright, 1906 brachylimbus Baker brevispathus Klatt, 1893 calothyrsus Vaupel, 1912 carmineus Wright, 1906 Carsoni Baker, 1895 caudatus Baker, 1895 Conrathi Baker cyclocarpus Jord. cymbarinus Baker decipiens Vaupel, 1912 densiflorus Baker elegans Vaupel, 1912 Elloni Baker, 1890 Flanagani Baker flexuosus Baker, 1894 fusco-viridis Baker gallacensis Vaupel, 1912 garuanus Vaupel, 1912 Gawleri Jord. gazensis Rendle germanicus Jord. glaucus Heldr., 1896 Goetzei Harms, 1900 gracillimus Baker, 1895 Hanru Jord. Harmsianus Vaupel, 1912 heterolobus Vaupel, 1912 inconspicuus Baker Johnstont Baker, 1897 junodi Baker karendensis Baker kubangensis Harms Lannesit Jord. linearifolius Vaupel, 1912 littoralis Jord. longanus Harms Mackindert Hook. macrophlebius Baker, 1898 malangensis Baker Masoniorum Wright, 1910 massont Klatt, 1893 masukuensis Baker, 1897 micranthus Baker microsiphon Baker mirus Vaupel, 1912 morrumbalaensis De Wild. mosambicensis Baker Miuingzneri Vaupel, 1912 numidicus Jord. nytkensis Baker, 1897 oliganthus Baker, 1898 oligophlebius Baker oreocharis Schltr., 1896 pallidus Baker, 1898 platyphyllus Baker, 1893 porrigeus Jord. pretorius Kuntze prismatosiphon Schitr., 1899 puberuius Vaupel, 1912 pubescens Pax punctatus Dam., 1889 quilimanensis Baker, 1898 reductus Baker remorifolius Baker rigescens Jord. rigidifolius Baker rupicola Vaupel, 1912 ruricola Jord. Schlechtert Baker spectabilis Baker Staudtit Vaupel, 1912 stenophyllus Baker, 1897 subaphyllus Brown, 1909 subulatus Baker, 1898 Taubertianus Schlitr., 1899 trichostachys Baker tritoniaeformis Kuntze tritonoides Baker, 1895 uhehensis Harms, 1900 venulosus Baker, 1897 Verdickii De Wild. vexillare Martelli Whytet Baker, 1897 The reader is reminded that plants of these species, as well as of the majority of the species that have been known longer, are not offered by dealers in plants—are not procurable even from botanical gardens; and that the specimens of these species are to be found in European herbaria which the writer has not had the opportunity to examine. The ; writer, therefore, cannot vouch for the authenticity of any of these 104 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 names as distinct species, nor can a complete key be made of all the spe- cies. It is desired, however, to call attention to the present status of the subject, and it is hoped that some person favorably located may carry forward the work so ably begun by Mr. Baker and Dr. Klatt. The following list of synonyms is as complete as present knowledge of the genus will admit: affinis Pers.= cuspidatus Jacq. alatus Jacq.= orchidiflorus albidus Jacq.—a variety of blandus aleppicus Boiss.= atroviolaceus algoensis Sweet = alatus Linn. . alpigenus C. Koch, 1848 = tllyricus ambiguus Roem. & Schult. hirsutus andongensis Welw. ex Baker = Quartinianus Andrewsit Klatt = brevifolius Jacq. angolensis Welw. ex Baker = Quartinianus angustifolius Salisb.—= angustus Linn. angustus Herb. Linn.= blandus, undulatus angustus Jacq..ex. Thunb.= hastatus angustus Thunb. undulatus aphyllus Ker-Gawl., 1827 = brevifolius biflorus Roem. & Schult. hirsutus bimaculatus Lam.= involutus De la Roche binervis Sweet = grandis Bornett Ardoino = segetum Boucheanus Schlecht., 1832 = palustris brevicollis Klatt = brevifolius Jacq. Breynianus Ker-Gawl., 1827 = recurvuts byzantinus Bieb.= segetum byzantinus Coss ex. Ball, 1878 = tlyricus calvatus Baker = a variety of Ludwigii campanulatus Andr.= var. carneus of G. blandus carinatus (Soland.) Ait.== recurvus carneus Andr.= brevtfolius carneus De la Roche = var. carneus of G. blandus carneus Herb. Banks = hirsutus carneus Jacg.— var. ventricosus of G. cuspidatus carneus Klatt = Ecklont caucasicus Herb., 1842 = segetum citrinus Klatt = trichonemifolius cochleatus Baker, 1876 = ungutculatus collinus Salisb.—= communis communis Cay.= tlyricus communis Linn. in part = segetum communis Thunb.— carneus commumts Vahl. in part = byzantinus commutatis Bouché = segetum . concolor Salisb.= var. concolor of G. tristus Cooperi Baker = var. Coopert of G. psittacinus cordatus Thunb. angustus crispiflorus Herb., 1842 = imbricatus cuspidatus Andr.= var. ventricosus of G. cuspidatus dalmaticus Tausch = segetum dichotomus Thunb.— permeabilis De la Roche dubius Guss.= tllyricus dubius Parl. spathaceus GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I elaius Balb.= byzantinus elongatus Thunb.— grandis ensifolius Baker = cuspidatus Jacq. equitans Thunb.— var. namaquensis of G. alatus excelsus Ker-Gaw1.= blandus fasciatus Roem. & Schult.= vittatus festivus Herb., 1844 — brevifolius flabellifer Tausch, 1836 = oppositiflorus floribundus Hort. Batav. ex. Tausch = oppositiflorus formosus Pers.— striatus galeatus Burn.— alatus galiciensts Bess = imbricatus Gawleri Klatt = a variety of Watsonius Thunb. gracilis Licht.— scaber grandifiorus Andr.— floribundus Gueinzit Hunze, 1847 = blandus Guepini Koch, 1840 = segetum hastatus Ker = vomerculus Ker hirsutus Ker = vtllosus hirtus Steud. hirsutus hygrophtlus Boiss. ex. Baker, 1877 = imbricatus tnarimensis Guss.—= segetum infestus Bianca — segetum ttalicus Miller = communis kilimandscharicus Pax = Quartinianus laccatus Thunb.— villosus laevis Thunb.= grandis Lamarckit Roem. & Schult.— villosus Lemonta Pourr. ex Steud. blandus leucanthus Bouché = segetum _ libanoticus Boiss. — a variety of imbricatus liltaceus Houtt.—= angustus, gracilis, etc. Ludoviciae Jan.— segetum luridus Hornem.=— trichonemifolius luteus Klatt in part = bicolor Macowantensis Klatt, 1885 — angusius maculatus Sweet = recurvus Linn. Marchallii Poir = imbricaius monostachyus Roem. & Schult.= hastatus, etc. Mortonianus Steud.— blandus Mortonius Herb.— blandus mucronatus Lam.= hirsutus namaquensis Ker-Gawl= var. namaguensis of G. alatus narbonensts Bub.— illyricus natalensis Reinw.—= psittacinus neglectus Schult —= palustris newtt Baker = Quartinianus notarisit Parl. communis odorus Salisb.—= recurvus opposttifolius Hort., 1893 = oppositiflorus “orchidifiorus Pers. non Andr.— arenarius ornatus Klatt, 1885 — inflatus orobranche Red. Lil.—= brevifolius Jaca. 105 106 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 papilionaceus Lichtst.= alatus Linn. parviflorus Jacq.—= montanus Linn. pauciflorus Berdaw = imbricatus petraeus Boiss.— atroviolaceus pictus Sweet = blandus pilosus Eckl.—= villosus pratensis Dietr.= palustris primulinus Baker, 1890 = Quartinianus pterophyllus Pers.= gracilis Jacq. punctatus Jacq.= recurvus Linn. punctulatus Schrank, 1822 — villosus (?) puniceus Lam.— villosus Ker Raddeanus Trantv., 187 5 = imbricatus ramosus Baker =a variety of montanus Linn. Reuteri Boiss.—= var. Reuteri of G. ilyricus ringens Andr.—= recurvus ringens var. undulatus Andr.— nivent Baker ringens Eckl. inflatus roseus Andr.= hirsutus rossicus Pers.—= imbricatus rubromarginatus Schrad.— hirsutus sagittifer Salisb.—= blandus (?) saltatorum Baker, 1875 = Quartinianus schimperianus Steud. ex Baker, 1877 = Quartinianus segetalis St. Lag.= segetum serotinus Welw.= var. Reuteri of G. ill yricus serotinus Willd.= illyricus setifolius Eckl.—= gracilis Spathaceus Parl. segetum Spectosus Eckl.— cardinalis Speciosus Thunb.— alatus spilanthus Klatt in part = brevifolius Jacq. spilanthus Klatt in part = hastatus Thunb. spilanthus Spreng. ex Baker, 1877 = gracilis spiralis Pers.— tristis splendens Welw. ex Baker = Quartinianus striatus Andr.—= undulatus strictus Jacq.—= hyalinus suaveolens Ker. = recurvus subbiflorus Boiss.—= imbricatus > sulcatus Lam. mollis tabularis Pers.= montanus Linn. Taylorianus Rendle = Quartinianus telifer Stokes = angustus Templemanii Klatt, 1885 = bicolor Baker tenusflorus C. Koch, 1848 = illyricus tenuis Bieb.= imbricatus tenuis Salzm.= palustris Thunbergit Eckl.— hastatus tigrinus Eckl. ex Baker, 1877 = vomerculus Ker. trimaculatus Lam.—= angustus triphyllus Bertol—= palustris tristis Herb. Linn. ex Baker, 1877 = grandis tristis Thunb.— tenellus undulatus Linn. in part = cuspidatus Jacq. undulatus Scheev.= vittatus uniflorus Klatt, 1882 = alatus ~ GLADIOLUS StupIEs — I 107 veniricosus Lam.— var. ventricosus of G. cuspidatus. versicolor Andr.— grandis villostusculus Soland. ex Baker = villosus vinulus Klatt, 1885 — vtttatus violaceus Pers.—= recurvus viperatus Ker-Gawl.= orchidiftorus virescens Thunb.— orchidtflorus viltatus Zuccag.— undulatus Jacq. Welwtischit Baker, 1878 = Quartinianus The following species have been described as gladioli, but belong to other _ genera: abbrematus Andr.— Antholyza quadrangularis Gequtnoctialis Herb., 1842 — Acidanthera aequinoctialts ‘aletroides Vahl — Watsonia aletroides alopecureides Linn.— Watsonia plantaginea alopecuroides Linn. Watsonta spicata amabilis Salisb.— Lapeyrousta juncea amoenus Roem. & Schult. Tritonta rosea amoenus Salisb.— Watsonia meriana anceps Linn. in part — Lapeyrausta compressa anceps Linn. ex. Baker, 1877 = Lapeyrousta Fabricit angustifolius Lam=— Babiana tubiflora antholyza Poir— Antholysa nervosa bicolor Thunb.— Synnotia bicolor biflorus Thunb. Salemoneus biflorus bracteatus Thunb. Lapeyrousia fissifolia bracteolatus Lam. Watsonta punctata Burmanni Schrank, 1822 = Ixta Burmannt capttatus Linn.— Aristea ca pitata caryophyllaceus Poir— Waitsonia humilis caryophylieus Houtt—= Watsonta brevifolia coccineus Schrank, 1822 — Ixia speciosa crispus Linn.—= Tritonia crispa crocatus Pers Tritonia crocaia cunonta Gaert.— Aniholysa cunonia denticulaius Lam.— Lapeyrousia Fabricii distichus Roem. & Schult. Babiana distichia elongatus Salisb— Babiana tubiflora exctsus Jacq.— Lapeyrousia juncea exscapus Thunb. Actdanthera tubulosa Fabrictt Thunb. Lapeyrousia Fabrictt falcaius Linn = Lapeyrousia Fabrictt fisstfolius Jacq.— Lapeyrousia fissifolia fistulosus Jacq. Watsonia spicata flavus Soland.— Tritonta flava flexuosus Linn.— A cidanthera tubulosa flexuosus Thunb.— Acidanthera flexuosa fragrans Jacq. Babiana plicata ° galeatus Jacq.— Synnotia galatea Garntertt Klatt (in Decken, Reis. Bot. 3:73) = Antholyza Watsontotdes glumaceus Thunb.— Watsonia rosea * gramineus Linn. Melasphaerula graminea 108 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 inclinatus Red. Lil.= Babiana tubiflora indicus Miller = Ferraria undulata infundibuliformis Schrank, 1822 = Watsonia meriana iridifolius Jacq.— Watsonia meriana ixioides Thunb. Tritonia paniculata junceus Burm.= Lapeyrousia juncea laccatus Jacq.== Watsonta humilis laceratus Burm.= Tritonia crispa latifolius Lam. Babiana obtusifolia laxus Thunb. Meristostigma laxa lineatus Salisb.—= Tritonia lineata lomenia J. F. Gmel.= Lomenia borbonica longicollis Baker, 1876 = Acidanthera platyphylla longiflorus Andr.— Babiana tubata longiflorus Herb. Linn. ex Baker, 1877 = Acidanthera tubulosa longiflorus Jacq. Tritonia pallida longiflorus Linn. Suppl.— Ixia paniculata lucidor Baker = Homoglossum lucidor Bakcr marginatus Linn. Watsonia marginata marmoratus Lam. Lapeyrousia juncea merianellus Thunb. Antholyza mertanella merianus Thunb. Antholvyza aletroides minor Baker = Antholyza Watsonioides minutiflorus Schrank, 1822 = Watsonia plantaginea mucronatus Jacq.—= Babiana mucronata mucronatus Red. Lil.= Babiana stricta nanus Andr.— Babiana rosea nervosus Baker = Antholyza nervosa Thunb. nervosus Lam. Babiana stricta odorus Schrank = Ixia fragrans paniculatus Pers. Lapeyrousia juncea papilionaceus Vahl.—= Watsonia Lamarckit pectinatus Soland. ex Baker, 1877 = Tritonia crispu plantagineus Pers.= Watsonia plantaginea plicatus Jacq. Babiana distichia plicatus Linn. Babiana stricta plicatus Thunb. Babiana plicata polystachyus Andr.— Lapeyrousia juncea polystachyus Thunb. Babiana plicata Potts:i McNab = Tritonia Pottsit praecox Andr.= Antholyza revoluta punctatus Roem. & Schult. Watsonia punctata puniceus Vahl.—= Babiana stricta purpureus Vahl.— Babiana villosa pygameus Roem. & Schult.== Babiana sulphurea pyramidalis Andr.—= Watsonia rosea pyramidalis Lam. Watsonia iridiflora quadrangularis Ker-Gawl.== Antholyza quadrangularis ramosus Linn. Melasphaerula graminea ramosus Murr. Moraea ramosa recurvus Houtt.—= Antholyza revoluta recurvus Thunb. Hesperantha radiata reflexus Lichtst.—= Babiana plicata refractus Jacq.—= Freesia refracta a oe oe - GLapIoLus Stupres — I resubspinatus Pers.—= Freesia refracia ringens Thunb.— Babiana coronata roseo-albus Jacq.— Watsonia inertanus roseus Jacq.— Tritonta rosea roseus Willd.— Ixia amoena rubens Vahl.— Watsonta punctata _ rubrocyanus Vahl.— Bahtana stricta secundus Thunb.— Babiana secunda securiger Soland— Tritonta securiger settfolius Linn.— Lapeyrousta juncea silenoides Jacq.— Lapeyrousta silenoides - sparmannt Thunb.— Freesia refracta Spatheceus Linn. Babiana spathacea spicatus Lam. Watsonta Lamarckit spicatus Linn.— Watsonta spicata Splendens Herb., 1843 — Antholysa caffra Sprengelianus Schult.— Watsonta stricta stenophyllus Schrank, 1822 — Babiana plicata stoloniferous Salisb.— Antholyza aethiopica striatus Herb. Banks — Watsonta rosea striatus Soland. ex Baker, 1876 = Tritenia Bakeri strictiflorus Delile — Watsonta humilis Strictus Soland.— Babiana stricta subulatus Vahl.— Watsonia punctaia sulphureus Jacq.— Babiana stricta testaceus Vahl.— Watsonia brevifolia Thunbergit F. G. Diet.—= Acidanthera tubulosa triticeus Thunb.— Watsonta plantaginea tubatus Jacgq.— Babiana tubata tubtflorus Linn.— Babiana tubtfiora tubulosus Burm.— Watsenta spicata tubulosus Jacq.— Watsonta aletroides venosus Willd. Tritonta lineata villosulus Roem. & Schult. Babiana stricta villosus Burm.—= Synnotia bicolor villosus Vahl. Babiana stricta viridis Aiton = Tritonia viridis Watsontoides Baker = Antholyza Watsonioides Watsonius Thunb.— Antholyza revoluta xanthospilus Red. Lil. Freesta refracta 109 Brief descriptions of some species of Gladiolus are given in the following table: CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 1p WO} asor YstMoyTod yystIg | FI oe J9]U90 UMOP OUT 9zTyM e YIM sjyuousos Jomo, ‘ojdind yaeq | Auepy tz-gI uMOIq pojzods Ajognutu ‘MoTjOA | “ot 9t—be per aeq | 8-9 gI-zI yeoryy Ut syreur ystd -ind yjIM sjuoWIss JOMOT ‘OVTIT IO YUIg | cI-b bc-Z1 gjdind yareq, | 1-9 8-9 OV] WSL, | 9-, ober) m Rathore wee is, semedac ewe a ejosuy : “PONTY [erjue Ystp eg ch ‘Auojog odeg even ea o eee te ounso[ed TOMSUPI “-- spur[ysrpy tzoquiez ais) Sls) ta Moyle m euisris) As tiatle BBUL{eY etek PATIO OW) odeg “> puvjenbewenN oq] “-BOLAFY [eau Ysyg afnrelreltsesa)(ejis' ie (a's ‘elie eyjosuy *} is. wo) 6) e.8 . * kuojod odeg Paes wees puvyjenbeurr Ny © (oie) (mis) leis) edalre AuojoD odeg yeuIqe Hy cS Al se ZI6I ¢ jodne A snsrAyyoreo Pi ne JOY (Uryneg) snuryuezhq ph Ho AT el ZTOgI “*xeg wouqjong Sy? Caio can z6gI ‘ioyeg rueuryong iF Fey’ vo ur Sea: fe eo felelle. a. 8) 6: borvf SUI[OFLAIIG Ri Llet ‘1oyeg stjnvorasrq “****cOgt ‘toyeg snydAosAyoriq ease oreo Joyeg snipuevdyoriq Pee ye Peo erdepon Mier itp esyalorsy eT Gaal e203 6gZ1 ‘uojyIY snpuUR[q pants Cae QLgI ‘Ioxeg IOTOOI Sree LLet ‘1ayeg sisuoyjensueq aa fajfal af at etus site) afié 9061 ‘QU sti snyjeq >) elke.) 9: (6, .e|J8i.6 1e) 9) ¢ L6Og1 ‘Toye snoine SOLO et ao. 0 Logit UBS | SnoerpURIMe Bree £Cer “SSIOg Shoov[OTAosye ww eee eee FI6I ‘UMOIG sueqniolje “+++ + ger ‘rayeg snoindindolye hog "1061 “DITM 9d SHUPIP[OULY pant --QlQI ‘Toye sniieuoie “TQQI ‘Ve SnYeNOIe RS g6gi ‘1oxeg snyAydouryde Se Geene arcade Q6RI ‘Toye g Tisounj}ue erst elantullede. eieceite (ste keen uUryT snjsnsur “"* Joy stsuonbeuwvu “iva snyrye Bs viene REAR, 5.0 PRS oie uUry snqype sotoeds EDT GLADIOLUS StuDIEs — I punoss Ystuoo138 uMOIG-jarv[o podiuys Ajeynuryy etdind oAnvut yy sig asury xyurd @ YIM ‘oq MOTOA FUSE aidand {pnp posury ‘oq AA UOSUULIO FUSE adind yys1q paysny pur pouroda ‘oz A pat JID lage 4 OVI] OV pos-o,dand poqyods eve Uo Ajoynurut =pur Aysnoidoo ‘pad yysiag ordang a[dand-qorr[o pourris Ajoynurur ‘Uooedd YstMo[j[o x MOTIOA YY BLAET Yyoqo[q ayed odin] AoA v YIM szuouses Jomo ‘atdand 4ysiug ASOY yeoryy UL YOYO[G pod youvypo 410 OVI] V YIIM syUoUsos JOUUT OM4 ‘AZT AA viNed yoyorq oydand v yyim syustudes Jomoy ‘yurd oped 40 oy qeoryy UL sjods pal yyIM pure ‘Yyojo]q op M os] v YUM syuoudesS JOMO] ‘YoIvos 4Ysg poet 4usiig poso[oo-u10 fp] J9VU99 UMOP OUT, OVI v YPM sjuoulses Jomo, ‘odand 4ysiug afdand yjnq yeoryy Ut yeu oydand yy ‘oqry MA ul Jopioq Joyxiep ve Aq popunosins 40 Ke Jojed @ JIM soqoy, s9uUT OM ‘ouTULIES yeolyy UL oFTYM poyoqolq “oprwos qysug O1-9 sno.oun \) 9t—be of QI-ZI Oct-91 o¢—bz 9¢—bz o¢—be bz o1—z21 gI-zI 81-9 gI-zI gi ot—be 9081 een OLE TMOG le OAUOTOS OCR) {= S KUOTOR). OCs) oes ely UNOS POLyy [Byueg Yysyug et eS) Oe ONT ae Gt POLY [Ryueg Yysyug SL eo ay RETIRE Ti “** puppessvé Ny ‘s+ **Kuojog odeg res AUOTOS Odes) puryenbeurenyy apy] ES TC “DOLLY JSeVay UPUTOL) pee ee STO UBIO Loe NW vee ee eee BULLY Poe aoe Marine *Auojod odeg @ agave aus eke ‘Auojod odeg Cer OM OR it 0) *Auojod odeg a AUTO aces Sn ee Cece oe a regaagng Perens eee eee es srpag ng cores -estAUBBUB YT, ON] ‘+++ 9domnq yeryuesy eae 3) (oF fh ey LS Se giichah oy nCoy fp Yuko) da ROMY [R4yueg Ysyag * BOLATY Yyhog vee ce te Kyoto adery ‘LOI ‘19xVE SIPLIIA-Oosny “* * YOST ‘4yRPyy SnsoULoy sreees +s Dowel snpunquoy Lo61 “privy, oviques0y ''' P6gt ‘1oxVE snsoNxey ‘' LO6gr ‘toyvg wueseuryyy ‘ ' OORT ‘toxVE_ snaopyryoor19 “'*"**T6Qr ‘oye MOI A ‘'****2161 ‘edne,A suvdojo “*9OTgT “Young, stjnpa "gar “uo topo g igetb ete “Coat ‘4° 1oBo1C] “"* TZ9r “ys ‘yooyyT snyeydoooovap nda Bn NS RC ATA hi ‘ToyvE shoimydns ‘) 9ysi\, soporoep ' oZgt ‘loyeg snye10o9p “--e16r ‘jodne,A suordwop nti tere iva ‘Szer ‘OY SI[Iqop ‘UIv’] SNSOOLIUAA “IBA snyepidsno ‘JoyvE snrpoyrsue ‘zea snyepridsno sereses “Doel snzeprdsno "9981 ‘a100yJ. snyuonso * OLR ‘oye snipoyissvaso sre OZLeT ‘I9ATCQ shausoo sees s ss WUT STUNUTUOD ‘LLg1 ‘1ayeg sudosaTn1000 “ERT ‘ooMs snyro[yooo ‘+ COgr ‘ioxeg snyepneo ‘-Qo61 ‘Vy 8taj\\ SnourUeo ‘* "1621 ‘q1ng sipeurpavo ; UMOIG Ystppai paqyyody S]UDWIB0S IOMO] JO J0ZU90 UMOP our, afdind soyiep ‘ojdaind-jojora yueq peyjodsun ‘yurd oyeg por qystig yeoryy ‘yuid yysuig Utd OpIs]No Joo pol B YIM ‘OUTYM atdind yreq adind yysiig Pol YIM OpIsUt pozjOp ‘MOTIIA, Ur soyoyoyq ofdind yy Pol UJI XPIsUL p9zOP ‘MOTI A aSOl JY SIG Bi heal SSUIPeYsS pol JYStiq YIM ‘oY MA. ojdind yaeq dSOY JVOIY} UL SYIVUI JO[OTA OM} YPM ‘MOTIOA YSPAOTP A uMmoiq-o[dind ‘OUYM YSTMOTOA SET =P ONIG-OvI] avg pot poyjop ‘MOTO A asor ysttding yeoryy ut sodi1ys suru -1eD PeOIG YIM OUIULIVD pozjOp ‘MOTIOA poet WYysig pol Ty] posuty ssf 10 o70W CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 SIOMO]Y JO 10TOD “1 He Nn co | o Teas © uo SIOMOy jo Joquiny Pe hg Besoin teh ey suey] Sisuesurqny Ae St mo Sgr “Sslog snuvAqos}oyy moststvils, > "0681 ‘Jo VE WWD Aa eer L6gt ‘soyeg woysuyof SoA et aid a unt, snyegut “*Z6gI ‘Ioyeg SIsuopueur vist sree, Sheets uur shyrorquit Sve fay lt) ele usta eiaite wos betel ie Yyooyy snoAqt Nath ew ipl seis ves ledtaiare/ te: .aiipe's bovf snureAy SO (Ce Oatueietach PO Cger ‘jde4S STpruuny, Bake ee sap M6 ea xetlelie ye) (a6 boef snqynsity, “ss -er6r ‘oadne, snqojposeyoy Redivarssittard Pretest qunyy, snyrysey “-** e161 ‘jadne, snuviswmiepy +9446 760n ‘saxeg Tuo} SUIUUP TY Reward e tOke eCer “sslog snprydoyey iss Not “MTOM sniivso13 pica) aaNet Remrcetyia Me ZOgI ‘Toye IIVUBIL) EOE ete ete CH ey 4og! “qunyL stpuris OT Ms O ert S6gI ‘royeg snunypoRis ‘borf stproeis Sea tal, ofle Leahy Oobr ‘SULIv]T T9ZJOOL) ayia) iui asin, te, Seu wie. ZIOL ‘QTPUDYT sisuozes ‘cir Sepia eet Ca 2 Raa vjosuy $z-ZI1 Oman tf tt ngias TE ee | Cee ih Ores "UMOL SWeTIIM SUT OMe Me crsiae the earns “vou peryuas YSTTE Qt © ae wisi e” liao wee wre) Mintle Auojod odeg Sh, cera spe a= femme et POLY YMog er reyeny foc gI-zI o fay tate, aes epe | hire Meh a en eters ke vISV ‘odoin QI-ZI 6 aande Phen.” ile) nie) Cuele, e010 ee bbe odoin CA cd, Meee ee CS. CEO tyteere etna *AuOlod, odeg g-9 ete Oh At ieee | OWIUrie at ha Cee tee vriureyodoseyyy £2) Nee reabesaehaaagea Pee Teor ok # Ruel) olen glace atye *AUOTOD odeg Deri oe Tg Se ree ape unIoWey YON RCo CARR eh ene |r ce as Auojog odeg Cd hv ancl aide See [lo case wie) Wile fl sachin! be wiv Ne (uhe elosuy yqnos Boe etien, toyhl eae tia |S ipa ne dye a voy peordo1z jo sureyunoyy 6-9 eee el tepis ee |ihelasfes\n: (ml atfer nlatanl.s IOUTTT vIsy (oats heaped | wes ace tr al OR Nea or rjosuy OE SIONS tied | Brora seein Ke ae De eyrAuvsuvy, oye] Vz—ZI DiN@e Masha By believe to- on wad! ce Vp vive Auojog odeg (oh fa oie Re Cee ““ROLIPY Teyueg yYysywg tz-zI A Bo, Re | ROE arias Auojog adeg Ata rE ete el erat Lgl 1! Pre een NM a eN| acc F OS, coro eie can ayouy O I =) APO Gite ome Nes es oh.b) s.6 10's mista puelezer) OCaml coi opal a ae unJoWIey YION gf-g1 POTN PEG Will ted ioeclC acai E Iposesepe pl 9¢ e hLe a es CP ha OWT) oC et purlyooyryye+) (soyout) poonp 1YSIOY -O1]UT yeyiqryy soroedg LIE, (panuyuor) SAIDAdS SA TOIGVID Pe GLADIOLUs STUDIEs — I podiiysun ‘aed [Ure] yuid aed MO][OA YSTuMa.y Sy. yuid oped OVUM MOTIOA AtUvALS UMOIG Ystuoo1s posury ‘OT MA suid pesur pur por pourra ‘orm Aurearg VTL WBA ented odand qysiig pod o[vq edLys pod-poojq YW ysoy Asor yuu -30a8 O[Ppilu AOMOT ‘por pooyq syuoursos Opis 1aMo] ‘ysoy Asor sqyuourdos ssdd¢q Osta TTP pol o[eq qojora-a[dang oydand yy si.¢g por qysiig rho hag yweoryy MO]OA oped YIM ‘uUIvAIS JOJOLA pos dood qoLtvos yy siuig {OPV mole A YSTMoT[e A: ofdand qn] MOTOA OTC opty doo] sjods aynurur yim ‘Moped dry OY} 4e ‘par syuouZos JMO] ‘par qYysg a(dind-asoyy asrq ye soyozoTq ajdind om yyIM syuoUses JOMOT ‘ATTY . \ Moy] 9-1 ob-of MO] Auvy z1-O1 of—0z s—¢ 8-9 9-b c OORI ‘e*** SHINey WBIOIIZ UIRyUNOPY equ, vires Kuotog odes "****Kuojog ode “ROLY ISvAT UPULIOL) “VOLIY JSvAT UPULIOL) eT coe POLY [eyuag Ysag “ROLY [RyUAD Ys SSeS eaNOTOe aay reresee es snuarass@.c i er alee cea aera} oF. 105 "+++ Auojog odva “UN FOLUB Sy YYNOS Pe ee NIOTOS, cle) “* purvyenbiiry ysvqy POS ES OUTTA GIS veneers’ pUBTeUEnoo “ Spuv[srpy require, ROLY [Bjueg Ysryig ESS ohogehyate ha lap See EES FRED SSS NETS CONT 4 ALOE BOS UN "POLLY YAMOS “"stuasyy JUNOT “"*"* Teosesepvy\y 4svuqy osondny.to¢g i Jon toh at MT oR “pposuy ROLpy yyNog ve -esuBye sy oe TB BASUBL res eTosay py be “ KUO|OD).edes) “"joyxeg snazoytaAsed roe’ 26g1 ‘toxeg teddvg Tress sss 968r ‘axe snpryed 968 T “AV YOS steYyooo0 “** IpUY SMAOYTprypos0 ebgi “qaozy snaoyrytsoddo ‘* CORT ‘toyvg sniqepydostijo Tee's" 9681 ‘royxevEg snyjuvstjo sess OLer ‘axegE snonejory9o reer sree seers onions tigaqRG ‘rs *ssss /691 ‘Ioxeg sisuoyxtAU Meigs haan is “ZOQ1 LOPE] TuOATU ‘es * “eT6r ‘jadne, mouzunyy ‘Lei ‘soyeg sniopyynu SS rT SHE O UL sees ss e761 edne, sn PE eT ye ORT Lo STatae TUN “ e6gr ‘toxyeg snypAydosoru vee ss Oger dey snyyuesor sreereeeee ss Toya SnU}UBIOTU ‘''* OLer ‘oxvg WoW ‘co "*JOg1 ‘toyee? sisuonynseu O16L YYstIAA WUNIOTUOSR sheers ece ss * OMB SISUaSUBTBUL “SORT ‘toyeg, sniqo;ydorovur "26g ‘oyeg UBMOOR I “COOL “YOOTT MopuLpovyy Feber eee eee es) steer snoqny cs qaBisy snpoozn] rrr L297 “MA SHPLNy rereeee ess 7691 ‘oddeg ustmpiy] sss ero ‘jodnev, snipojieoury OSRI ‘oxyeg NurpyYyoro’y] “ LLQ1 ‘soyVE, SNAOYIXY| ‘'"' Soar ‘\qeVpy epquiry] CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 114 se) nel so aaa else al jeOIY UT JopVOS YIM poyods ‘azIYM Jo YoOTG 4ywors ev YAM sjuows0s JOMO]T 9914} “JopIeos yYysug por uoWTeS ped qeoly} UT YOoOTG ynoyyWM ‘por yysug pol qysiuig queisely AlOA ‘OR ]IT yep YIM poysny yonur ‘9x7. YStMoy[o A, Ustpped yurd qysiig pel yystiq 10 MOTPA JUS jrory} 7B YOJOTG UMOIG-pat YIM sjusus9s JoUUT OM} ‘MoOTJOA osOTWTIg MOT[OA YStusoI4) por o[eq yuid oped pos-Jo]OL A, MO][oA puv pol syUstUses JAMO] ‘UOsUITIO Yep sqyuowses soddq sjop ojdind yyim ‘esor oped MOTOA dsoruutId wi0yU pA, SOUT] pot oUY YAM ‘MorTOA doacy aidind 9ayvg ovpt] 10 yurd ojeg JoyUu90 ye poyoJOTG JOU sJUSLUSOS JOMOT ‘OPT aSOY SIOMOP JO 1OJOD Se uO SIOMOY, jo Joquiny (soyout) WYsIOH "* puvyenbeweN aT ‘£uojog adeg * 8.8) \6 6 (6 Kelale ve Auojod adeg *- Auojod adeg Be BIVQUIPS() 1SO\\ SPO eh Serica Auojod adeg ace MRT yee jeeasursy, Dene ATLO|O@) sO Cea) GO ee + TeyeAY Og ‘ROLIFY JSeq oSsonsnyz10g a bile Rist Jelieto-e%e) (exe iis BOLIY that part of Natal west of the Drach- enberg Mountains. The flowers are yellow-green closely striped with dull purple-red on the upper segments, and bright green spotted with purple on the lower segments, which are much smaller and are recurved. The two outer seg- ments are wing-like with recurved tips; the upper segment is arched and hooded. The stem is one and one-half feet high, bearing from five to seven flowers. This species has been used in crossing with ee G. gandavensis and G. Lemoinez. Fic. 9. GLADIOLUS DRACOCEPHALUS 142 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9g G. grandis Thunb. (Large Brown Afrikander).is found in the western part of Cape Colony, where it flowers in the spring. The larger flowers are sweet-scented in the evening. The perianth is yellowish, more or less tinged with purplish brown. The flowers vary from one to five, on — stems from two to two and one-half feet long. The two or three leaves are strongly ribbed. The corms are small, from one-half to three-fourths inch in diameter. Marloth (191s) distinguishes between G. recurvus and G. maculatus Sweet (Small Brown Afrikander). The latter, though similar in shape and color of flower to G. grandis, is only about half the size, and flowers in the autumn (May-June in the South Temperate Zone). The color is a deeper brown. Marloth says it is readily known by its extremely strong, almost narcotic, scent, which is especially noticeable inthe evening. Baker makes G. maculatus Sweet a synonym of G. recurvus, but Marloth says G. recurvus has a pleasing fragrance and a different season of flowering, as well as a different form of leaves. G. oppositiflorus Herb. is found in Transkeian Kaffraria, not, as Herbert supposed, in Madagascar; no collector has found it in the latter country. The corms are large. The leaves are from three to four in number, some- times as many as six, crowded, ensiform, glabrous, and shorter than the stem. The whole plant is usually three feet tall, and occasionally five feet. The flowers number from thirty to forty in a dense, two-ranked spike. The flowers are large, and white with mauve-purple or amethyst stripes. Van Fleet says this species is of tall growth, bearing from eighteen to twenty-four blooms almost simultaneously, of delicate peach and white tints. The species has been looked upon as the parent of the light-colored gandavensis forms, and plant breeders have sought to obtain the long- desired, meritorious, pure white variety by continued crossing of the best white varieties with the purest white seedlings of this species. The results indicate that such pure whites as have been obtained are of low vitality and reproducing power. This species was described by Dean Herbert (1842), but had already been noted by him in his work on the Amaryllidaceae in 1837. Herbert called attention to the fact that the species was sold by Dutch nurserymen under the name of G. floribundus, an old name for a different plant — G. floribundus Jacq. The same plant was known as G. flabellifer Tausch, and Tausch (1836) states that G. floribundus Hort. Holland (non Jacq.) is a synonym. The citation of the same synonym seems to leave little doubt that the same species was under consideration, especially when there is nothing contrary in the descriptions. The reference just given indicates some of the difficulty of determining what species were used in hybridizing. An illustration of G. oppositiflorus — eee ee Se. ii ee eee ee i GiaDIoLus Stupres — I 143 F 7 was published in Curtis’s Botaxical Magazine from specimens collected more recently, but it is there stated that the plant was identical with herbarium specimens left by Herbert. G. primulinus Baker is from Usagara Mountains, in Africa, and was first flowered at Kew in 18go from corms sent by J. F. Last, who discovered it in 1887. It was reintroduced by Francis Fox, who procured some plants from Rain Forest, Victoria Falls, and flowered them at Wimbledon, Eng- - land. C. E. Allen says it grows in “one of the wettest spots near the Falls ’ in a perpetual deluge.’’ When this species was introduced it was regarded as a distinct species, but later it was referred to G. Quartintanus A. Rich., which was introduced into cultivation by Sir John Kirk in 1884. The clear, uniform primrose color of the flowers, without any tendency toward markings, warrants its retention for horticultural purposes. At least G. primulinus has now become better known than G. Quaritnianus, and ~ in garden literature it will doubtless be retained. G. psittacinus Hook. (Splendid Corn Flag) is from the Cape and has been called the parrot, or perroquet, gladiolus. In Holland it was early known as G. Daelent, after Dr. Dael, of Brussels, who is said to have been the first in Europe to flower it. Reinwardt named it G. natalensis, and under one or the other of the latter names it appears in early literature. It was first flowered in Great Britain by Richard Harrison, of Liverpool, in 1830, from corms procured from Prince de Salm-Dyck. The species was figured in the Botanical Register (1831), tab. 1442, and in Curtts’s Botantcal Magazine, tab. 3032. Sweet (1832-35) figured and described this species under the name G. natalensis Reinw., Natal Corn Flag. He says it was “introduced by Professor Reinwardt, of Leyden, who has liberally distributed bulbs of it to various collections both in this country and on the Continent. It is by far the largest in growth, and in beauty of its flowers it is not sur- passed by any others of the genus. The plant seems to be quite as hardy as G. byzantinus and requires the same soil and treatment as that species.” mG. psttiacinus is one of the parents of G. gandavensts Hort. G. pstitacinus var. Coopert Baker has segments more acute than in the type, and the tube is from two and one-half to three inches long. G. purpureo-curaius. Hook. f., from Natal, was introduced by William Bull, of Chelsea (who also introduced G. cruentus), and was first flowered in England in August, 1871. This is the hardiest of the African species. The corms are large, and the cormels are produced on the ends of running rootstocks. The leaves are somewhat glaucous, narrow, and stiff. The stems are from one and one-half to two feet tall. From ten to fifteen blooms are borne in one rank on the spike. The color of the flowers is greenish yellow, with a diamond-shaped maroon blotch on the two 144 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9g lower segments. The flowers are bell-shaped and the spikes bow-like. This species is valuable, not for its beauty, but as a parent of garden forms. It was used in the development of G. Lemozinet. G. recurvus Linn. (Violet-scented Gladiolus) is a native of Cape Colony, and was grown by Miller from seed and flowered at Chelsea before 1760. The stem is from one to two feet tall, is slender, and bears three strongly ribbed leaves. The flowers are from two to six in number, sulfur- colored, suffused and broadly edged with lilac, and with three stripes on each petal. The flowers are very fragrant, with a scent described by some writers as similar to that of violets or orris root. The species flowers in the northern hemisphere in April and May. This species is considered the most fragrant of the genus. It is somewhat intolerant of moisture when not in flower, but otherwise it never fails to bloom when the corms attain proper age. Marloth, who distinguishes between this and G. maculatus Sweet, says the three upper segments are broader than the lower, and are pale or dark lilac, and the lower segments are yellow with mauve or lilac points and similar streaks. The plant is fre- quent in the Cape flats and elsewhere, where it flowers in the spring (August) and is known by the common name Mauve Afrikandes.. This _ species was introduced into Kew in 1774, where it was named G. ¢arinatus. Miller’s description is full and complete, but his figure is incorrect as the stem is not branched. G. tristis Linn. (Sad-colored Gladiolus), an African species, was given its name by Linnzeus because of the color of its flowers, which, however, are scarcely somber enough to deserve the name. The color is pale yellow, with dark brown spots. The blossoms are sweet-scented from dusk to dawn. The flowers appear in April and May on stems one and one-half feet high. The leaves are linear, four-sided, and furrowed. This was one of the first species brought from the Cape, and was cultivated by Philip Miller as early as 1745. G. tristis var. concolor Salisb. was formerly known as G. concolor. This plant is so named because of the almost concolorous white and pale yellow flowers. Like the type, it is fragrant in the evening. The foliage has the peculiar characters of G. tristis. Like the type also, it endures little cold, and because of its early flowering must be grown in a frame. HYBRID GLADIOLI The variety Bellona is a hybrid between G. cuspidatus and G. papilio, raised and introduced by Dammann in 1899. In his catalog for the year Dammann described it as “an early-flowered gladiolus of most peculiar form and color. Leaves green, narrow and lanceolated, stalk about sixteen inches high, very rich-flowered. Petals long, rolled and 3 GLaDIOLUs STuDIEs — I 145 pointed; leaves dark salmon, steel blue with black spots. A new gladiolus not yet seen.”’ G. brenchleyensts is usually considered a form of G. gandavensis, although the persistency with which it has retained its individuality through a period of more than sixty-five years might lend weight to the belief that it is more than G. gandavensis. The early history of G. brenchleyensis is not definitely known. In 1848 this variety was recorded as a hybrid between G. psittacinus and G. floribundus, raised by Mr. Hooker, of Brenchley, about 1846.% The stock, or a considerable proportion of it, passed into the possession of the Youells, of Yarmouth, who were for years the largest growers of G. brenchleyensis in England. Their notable displays of this hybrid did more to direct the attention of the public _.to the merits of this excellent variety than did the efforts of any one i = + else. The flowers are vivid scarlet, with pencilings of yellow in the throat. They are only medium in size, but the great number open at one time produce a brilliant effect. The plant is therefore very useful in the garden, where it is a vigorous grower. It is considered by many growers to be the best scarlet variety, and is grown for its good color for table decorations. In Europe this gladiolus is often recommended for bedding with Galtonia candicans. Barr, in 1905, introduced Mikado, a sport of G. brenchleyensis which was described as having flowers of a pale blush-rose shading to cream, with the lower petal striped crimson on a primrose- colored ground. G. candicans is a blandus-cardinalis hybrid producing a pure white - flower of good size and appearance. This was raised by Mr. Miller, of Bristol, about 1837. G. candidus is a hybrid between G. blandus and G. cardinalis, raised by Mr. Miller, of Bristol, about 1837, and figured in Smith’s Floral Magazine. G. Childsiit has been one of the most important types in America: It is a hybrid between G. gandavensis and G. Saundersii, originally produced by Max Leichtlin, of Baden-Baden, Germany. Leichtlin was perhaps the first to appreciate the value of G. Saundersi1, which he used in 1874 in crossing with some of the best varieties of G. gandavensis. The first flowers appeared in 1877 and the influence of the cross was especially manifest in the size of the flowers, which, according to Leichtlin, measured four inches across. The results of this hybridization work were reported in 1882. Leichtlin appears to have disposed of his stock in the autumn of 1882 to Godefroy-Lebeuf, of Argenteuil, France. This new class of hybrids, however, seems not to have met with favor at the hands of European 3 George Bunyard stated m roro that his firm obtained G. brenchleyensis from Hooker and sold it to “the Youells. Henry Youell (1911), in an address before the American Gladiolus Society, gives an entirély different account of its origin. 146 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN. 9 growers, who were attracted by the new Lemoiner group, and corms of G. Leichtlinit Hort. passed into other hands. The stock was purchased in 1884 (Childs says 1887) by V. H. Hallock, who continued to raise seedlings until 1891, when he sold the entire stock to John Lewis Childs. Until that time these gladioli were usually known as G. Leichtlini, after the originator; but as none of the stock was in the hands of commercial growers, Childs decided to change the name of the group to G. Childsit, and under this name he sent out the following varieties in 1893: Ben Hur, Columbia, Dr. Sellew, Henry Gillman, Mrs. Beecher, William Falconer. These were shown in a color plate in Childs’ catalog for the year mentioned. The price was one dollar per corm, or five dollars for the set of six varieties. In 1894 the varieties Aurea Superba, Mrs. La Mance, Ruby, Splendor, Torchlight, and Tuxedo were added. No varieties were added the following year, but in 1896 thirty-four varieties were introduced. Thirteen were added in 1897, seventeen in 1898, and twelve in 18090. Since 1899 many varieties have been sent out, and, while it is probable that at present there is not a distinct Childsii group except in so far as it is represented by some of the original varieties remaining in the market, it can be safely said that this group revolutionized gladiolus culture in America. Although the first varieties sent out were not favorably received by European and some American growers, nevertheless the general superi- ority of these varieties to the gandavensis varieties was recognized, and G. Childsii served as a foundation for further improvement by American hybridizers. G. Colvillei is generally regarded as a hybrid between G. cardinalis and G. tristis var. concolor. Dean Herbert thought it was a hybrid between G. cardinalis and G. blandus. The variety originated with Mr. Colville at Chelsea in 1823. Sweet (1826-27) states that it was raised by Colville from seeds of G. concolor that had been fertilized by the pollen of G. cardinalis. He publishes a color plate of the flowers and gives the following description of the plant: Stem slightly flexuose (in our specimen about 18 inches in height), leafy, slightly angular, glaucous. Flowers secund or all facing one side. Perianthium tubular, ringent with a six-parted spreading limb, of a bright red, with pale purple margins; tube scarcely as long as the spathe in the lower flowers and rather longer in the upper ones, bent forward near the limb; laciniaz unequal, obtuse, upper one more than double the size of the others, elliptic, slightly twisted or incurved near the point, the others oblong with the margins also incurved or involute near the points; three lower ones marked with a white spot which is lanceolate in the lower one and ovate in the others running down in a narrow line to the base of the laciniz, on each side of which it is bright purple. Pollen white. Baker (1892) describes this hybrid as having “ bright scarlet sub-erect flowers, with oblong acute segments, with a lanceolate blotch of bright GLaDIoLus Stupies — I 147 yellow at the base of the three lower.’’ The color as shown in the color plate in Flore des Serres (Van Houtte, 1873) shows yellow blotches bordered with white, which contrast with the bright color> The flowers of G. Col- villet are fragrant, which points to G. tristis or G. tristis var. concolor as one of the parents. The white variety of G. Colvillei seems to have been discovered about 1872. It is said to have appeared as a sport in two horticultural estab- lishments in Holland in the same year. It was figured, together with G. Colvillet, in Flore des Serres (Van Houtte, 1873). The plate shows a pure white variety with yellow lanceolate blotches on the lower segments. This sport, known as G. Colvillet albus, had colored anthers and was sup- planted later by the variety with white anthers known commercially as _ G. Colvillet The Bride. . — G. Colvilliotdes, a hybrid produced by crossing a variety of G. Lemoinet with G. angustus (the latter a form closely related to G. tristis), resembles G. Colville: but has yellow flowers. The leaves are long and straight, with prominent ribs. The stems are slender and erect, and bear medium-sized flowers. The color is a pure chrome yellow, with three triangular black spots or blotches. The normal time of flowering is the early part of July, but if the corms are planted in the autumn and protected during the winter by glass frames they may be made to flower with G. Colvillei. _ This hybrid was originated by Lemoine and was offered as a novelty in the autumn of 1903. G. delicatus is a hybrid between G. recurvus and G. blandus, raised by Dean Herbert. G. dracocephalus has long been known, but seems not to have been employed in hybridizing until recent years. Jackson (188g) described the dracocephalus-gandavensis hybrids of C. Sander as being of great size, strong, and floriferous. He states that a large proportion bear flowers entirely free from the stripes in the lower petals common to G. gandavensts. This is due to the dracocephalus blood and is a step toward self-color. Whether these hybrids were introduced is unknown. The veteran hybridizer, Lemoine, offered his dracocephalus hybrids in 1900. These were produced by crossing G. dracocephalus and some of the varieties of G. Lemoinet. The form of the flowers indicates their origin, while the singular spots, or macules, produce a striking effect. The first varieties sent out were Cheret, Forain, Léonnee, Luc-Olivier Merson, Paul Baudry, and Roty. Since 1900 other varieties have appeared each year. A list of these varieties, together with the dates of their introduction, follows: 148 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Arleqtin'. cv St. oy 1904. Le Masque.......° 1904. -Riberar.sao Saas 1902 Leounes | Feo kes 1900 Rigoletto..... eee 1908 Benvenuto Cellini... 1902 Louis Frangais..... 1901" Robinson: 4.2 eae 1904 Luc-Olivier Merson.- 1900 ~Rodin............. 1908 Fs ls dept pega Cealiarn trea 1900 Rousard .:34.. pean 1903 Ghaplaits< we sans. TGOT = phate itor hae 1900... "“ROty. 5 Sena 1900 Chetetactet puree 1900- Mascaraade..-.:... 1907 GLALL Yes vec here te peek 1900 Michel-Ange....... 1902 Semaphore........ Igor Miracle.....:..... 1907 SPifite.........5., 1907 Wauimiey a ete aes 1900 Misanthrope....... 1906 . r TD iby theese etre 1901 Mohican. i Me Rite sath 1908 pees 1 se aa 1903 iy sterecesbra. atin 1904 BISIS.'- ee 1906 - Thebiade......-. 1906 Eugéne Manuel.... I9g01 ; pols Turlupin. : '-. 2 ae Naha setae rawre cs 1906 Baloutene rt nisi.c ros 1908 Nostradamus...... 1907 yianl. -. +2 ice Patalttees (io aio 1907 solin: 2c. ee Baca se ee ee 1906. -Papillon..40505 nas 1904 Uae es ROtAIie ery Aen! seo - 7900) | Paul Baudny<- 257 1900. Velasquez........., 1902 Fragonard......... 1904 + Pierre Gringore. 5... 1903 Vendetta. 24: vee 1908 Francois Villon..... 1913 Virgile. . 722.42 eee Quasimodo. ....... . 1904 iemriotes ees o aes 1900 Watteaw J. 2. s.r 1904 Ralbelaisiee a: —ctesc 1903 =Werthet.c sac pee 1902 WGsi(Gtine. avert LL QO7 a sceliam tn ects rool. ~ Willette? 3S see 1900 Early Gladioli, Glaieuls Precoces, are hybrids produced by Lemoine and offered by him in his catalog no. 149, for t901-1902. It is there stated that these varieties are hybrids between some of Lemoine’s earliest varieties and the little-known species G. Leichtlinti and G. aurantiacus. This race flowers, it is said, about a month in advance of the earliest of the previously introduced varieties. When set out in April the plants flower in June; and if set out in the autumn with the protection of a glass frame, they develop their flowers at the same time as G. Colvillet. The varieties offered in the autumn of 1901 were Eclaireur, Mesager, Pleiade, and Précocité. Since these were introduced there have appeared the following: Adivanmbra son sv. Ses 1G06) WRavOlleraa sae 1904. Melusine-” 4. ieee 1910 ISOLA Marsters Beet oe 1908. ~ Fraicheurs, io. 2 190540 Oasis: or, ate 1908 Brasienin, :eecrtat ak OOS) Gitaldan ce eco ert 1906. “Parnasse <->) ome 1910 MBC MAS epee ae a TOlO. Grenades 2 ect 1906, *Phentx >: <2 eee 1905 (Canim etree | Aa sen, dress es LGO6 =o GY Ces erat cee hee ee T9IO -SUCCESS.:... -):h.. oe eee @otiquetex. sno 1908" (Melrosesigom 1908*_ ViSiOn.. 77. eee 1904 i pleniGaci1-n sire I910 G. excelsior covers hybrids of the best varieties of G. gandavensis crossed with G. nanceianus. The flowers are described as very large and open, ranging in color from salmon-scarlet to soft blush-rose with a scarlet or cream-colored blotch, or a crimson blotch on a white ground. Barr offered these varieties as a new strain in his catalog for 1903. The name Express Gladioli has been applied to the crosses of G. alatus with G. cuspidatus produced by C. G. van Tubergen, jr., of Haarlem, Holland. Wan Tubergen (1907:440) describes them as follows: A selection of crosses between G. alatus and G. cuspidatus are dwarf-growing, very free-flowering gladioli which flower in the open ground quite three weeks before the GLaDIOLvus StupiEes — I 140 earliest of the manus or ramosus sections, which, as is well known, precede the gandavensis and other strains in time of flowering from three to four weeks. These alatus x cuspidatus gladioli, apart from their usefulness in flowering so early in the open ground (end of May), are very welcome additions to the gladiolus family, as each bulb produces from two to five spikes of about a foot in height, with flowers of fair size and of a charming colour of rosy-salmon with golden-brown markings. They are admi- rable for filling small glasses for table decoration, and other choice floral work. This ’ strain I named “Express.” G. formosissimus is a hybrid uniting the abundant flowering of G. ramosus - with the colors of G. cardinalis, though not so brilliant as the latter. It first flowered in 1842, and for many years was one of the leading varieties of the early-flowering group. G. fragrans is a hybrid between G. recurvus and G. tristis, raised by Dean Herbert. The flowers are variegated and sweet-scented. The plant is moderately hardy. G. gandavensis is probably a hybrid between G. psittacinus and G. oppos- ttiflorus. It was originated by M. Beddinghaus, gardener to the Duc ‘d’Aremberg at Enghien, who made some crosses in 1837. One of the resulting seedlings, which was much admired by all who saw it, passed into the control of Louis van Houtte, of Ghent, who named it G. ganda- vensis and introduced it in his catalog no. 6, for 1841. He described it in glowing terms, as follows: “In stateliness and color it exceeds all others _ we have seen among gladioli. Its dimensions surpass ramosus; its majestic flowers to the number of eighteen or twenty are of the most charming vermilion; their inferior petals, adorned with chrome, amaranth, and brown, are relieved by anthers of an azure blue which descends to the center of the flower. At the moment I write all Ghent comes to admire it.” Van Houtte thought it a hybrid between G. psttiacinus and G. cardinalts, but this is doubtful. This variety was the foundation of a new race which has been known as Gladiolus gandavensis. Probably two thousand varieties have been named and sent out. This group led all others for garden planting from about 1850 to 1880, when the Lemozinet varieties came in, closely followed by the nanceianus and Childsit varieties. It is still important, and may be regarded as holding a position in gladiolus development in some respects analagous to that of the hybrid perpetual roses in the evolution of garden roses. G. haylockianus is a hybrid between G. recurvus and G. blandus, raised by Dean Herbert. Mrs. Loudon describes the flowers as pale and slightly variegated. G. Herbertianus is a hybrid between G. tristis and G. spofforthianus, raised by Dean Herbert. G. incarnatus is a hybrid between G. blandus and G. cardtinalis, raised about 1837 by Miller, of Bristol. It produces large, well-formed flowers of a pale pink color. I50- CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 G. insignis is described in Paxton’s Magazine of Botany (volume 7, pages 223 and 224) as a handsome hybrid with very long narrow leaves, and apparently drooping flower stalks on which the blossoms are borne chiefly on the upper side. The flowers are of a rich reddish crimson hue, with a dash of bluish purple in the center of the lower segments of the perianth. The parentage of this hybrid is unknown, but it was probably raised by Colville, as it was found in a collection purchased by Lucombe Pince & Co., of the Exeter Nursery, at the sale of Colville’s nursery. _ It flowered with the new owners in July, 1839, and is figured on a color — plate in Paxton’s Magazine of Botany, volume 7 (1840), page 223. G. Lemoinei (Large Spotted Gladioli) forms a group which had its origin in a hybrid made by Victor Lemoine between G. purpureo-auratus and some of the best G. gandavensis varieties. The original cross was made in 187s, and three seedlings were obtained, of which two —Lemoinet and Marie Lemoine — were named and later sent out. The new hybrids were exhibited at the Universal Exhibition in Paris in 1878, where they attracted considerable attention from amateurs. The two varieties were identical except in general color effect. Lemoinet was rosy white and Marie Lemoine straw color, both having on the lower segments large blotches of purple bordered with yellow. The two varieties were hardy, like the female parent, in the open ground at Nancy. In 1880 these varieties were offered for sale, and in 1882 five additional varieties — Lafayette, Cavaignac, L’Abbe Gregiore, John Thorpe, and Rochambeau — were introduced. To these were added, in the autumn of 1882, Enfant de Nancy, Victor Hugo, Stanley,. Adeliaque, Cleopatre, Christophe Colombo, Incendie, and Mars. Varieties with a tendency toward blue appeared early in the development of this type. Gambetta (1885), Emile Galle (1887), Baron Joseph Hulot (1896), represent the successive steps in the development of the blue varieties. G. Lowii is said by De Jonghe (1843) to have the same parentage as G. gandavensis. It was offered by Jacob Makoy in 1842. G. massiliensis is a hybrid of G. psittacinus and G. gandavensis, and was announced by Krelage as a new race in 1892. The hybrid was the result of testing the opinion held by some growers, that in order to secure greater vigor and resistance to disease it would be necessary to turn — again to the world’s species and use these in further crossing. This hybrid had, it was said, all the bad qualities of G. psittacinus, and it was apparent that the modern gladiolus had certain qualities resulting from its fifty years of improvement which could not be ignored by plant breeders if their results were to meet the approval of gardeners and florists. GiapioLus Stupies — I 151 G. mitchamiensts is a hybrid resulting from crossing G. tristis and G. hirsutus. It is named after Mitchain, where Dean Herbert, who raised it, resided about 1810. The flowers are beautifully variegated, inclining toward G. tristis. G. nancetanus is a hybrid produced by crossing G. Saundersii with ‘some of the first Lemoinei varieties. The flowers are larger than the Lemoinei varieties, well open, and marked with peculiar mottling or with short, fine, often parallel, strokes of contrasting colors. The plants . of the different varieties vary considerably in vigor, some exceeding any of the varieties of the other garden groups. The spikes of some of the more vigorous wanceianus varieties are often six feet high and bear flowers seven inches across. As in the case of G. Lemoinet, the varieties sent out by Lemoine are hardy under conditions similar to those of the place of origin. The first varieties, President Carnot and Maurice de Vilmorin, resulted from the crosses between G. Lemoiuet and G. Saundersti in 1883. The seedlings flowered in 1885 and were placed on the market in 1889. These forerunners of a new type were shown at the Universal Exposition in Paris in 1889, and exhibited in the same year by Veitch & Son at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society in London. G. nanus (Dwarf Gladioli) is the term applied to a number of early- flowering dwari gladioli which differ from one another in the arrangement of flowers and in the disposition of the spots of color. Most of them are probably derived from G. cardinalis and G. ramosus, although G. blandus, G. irtstis, and some others are probably concerned. This class has been-largely developed by florists of the Channel Islands and in the Low Countries. The literature concerning the varieties is scanty or _ not readily available. G. Colvillet is undoubtedly the oldest variety of ‘this class, and its white form (G. Colvillet albus, The Bride) is extensively employed for forcing. G. odoratus is a hybrid between G. hirsutus and G. spofforthianus, raised by Dean Herbert. G. praecox forms a group reported to have arisen from intercrossing the earliest varieties of G. gandavensis, G. Lemoinei, G. Childsii, and G. nanceranus. It is said that in color and size the flowers are the equal of those of any other group. The especial merit of this new group is that it can be grown from seed since seedlings flower the first year. The group was-originated by Frederick Roemer. G. princeps is a hybrid between G. cruentus and G. Childsii, produced by Van Fleet, who gave the history of it as follows (Van Fleet, 1904): Gladiolus Cruentus has round, widely-opened blooms about two inches across when fully developed, bright blood-red in color, with broad white markings in the throat, particularly at the bases of the lower petals or perianth divisions. It grows two or more feet high, with broad, handsome foliage, with a characteristic droop to the tips 152 CoRNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN 9 of the leaves. It is usually short-lived under cultivation, thriving best in well-drained peaty soils. Mrs. Beecher, the pollen parent of G. Princeps, I understand, is one of the original Childsi varieties grown by the late Herr Max Leichtlin, of Baden Baden, Germany — from seed of G. Saundersi pollinated with a superior Gandavensis variety. Plants of Mrs. Beecher grow over four feet high with long, straight spikes of widely-opened blooms often five inches across. The color, though disposed very much in the manner of G. Cruentus, is rather dull crimson with speckled white throat. Owing to the similarity of color pattern of the two varieties I made many pollinations in 1895 of Cruentus with Mrs. Beecher and seventy-two seedlings resulted, blooming in 1896-7. Princeps was the most vigorous and in some respects the most attractive and was so named by Herr Leichtlin, who introduced it to the Botanic Gardens of Europe in succeeding years, on account of its great international value and wide general recognition. I have since made many hundreds of crosses of Cruentus, which is a very shy seeder, with the best procurable species and varieties, resulting in some exceedingly handsome hybrids, but have found few worthy to send out as companions of Princeps. The stock of Princeps was sold in 1902 to Vaughan’s Seed Store for $1000 — a record price at the time, but since greatly exceeded for the stocks of successful novelties — and introduced by them the succeeding year. Princeps has probably the most extensive list of high awards from representative horticultural societies ever achieved by a Gladiolus variety and is still frequently exhibited and commented on in home and foreign gardening periodicals. G. propinquus is a hybrid between G. floribundus and G. blandus, resembling the latter. It was raised by Dean Herbert. ; , G. pudibundus (Blush-flowered Corn Flag) was figured by Sweet (1832- 35), and described by him as follows: This is a hybrid, we believe, between Gladiolus cardinalis and blandus and was raised by the Honorable and Reverend William Herbert to whom we are obliged for the specimen figured in the plate. Stem from two to three feet high, straight, cylindrical, smooth. Leaves broadly ensiform, acuminate, ribbed, of a pale green. Flowers large, of a brillant rose color, about ten in number, distantly alternate and disposed in a distichous spike. The three lower segments marked with a pale whitish lanceolate spot having a deep red edge. Anthers purple. Filaments and style declinate, white. Stigmas linear-cuneate, notched, concave, copiously papillose. G. ramosissimus is probably a hybrid. It is mentioned in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1842, page 171, as ranking next to G. cardinalis and G. psittacinus in beauty. The plant is tall, and bears a profusion of pale rosy pink flowers. G. ramosus (Branching Gladiolus) is a hybrid which originated at Haarlem from seed of G. blandus or G. floribundus, according to a writer in Revue Horticole in 1838. Some persons regarded it as a distinct species from the Cape of Good Hope. These doubtless confused it with the G. ramosus of Linnzeus, which has since been referred to the genus Melas- phaerula Ker. Baker thinks this form is a hybrid between G. oppostti- florus and G. cardinals. The plant is tall, with heavy, broad leaves. The flowers are openly funnel-shaped, bright red, with dark blotches at the base of the three lower segments. The flower has a general resemblance to that of G. blandus. This type blossomed later than the varieties of the blandus and cardinalis groups, and was for a long time an important one in the GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I 153 garden. The corms should be planted in the fall, since the variety does not flower well if planted in the spring. It is not hardy, and can be brought safely through the winter only by planting in well-drained soil and protecting with a heavy mulch, or by planting in a cold frame. G. rigidus is a hybrid between G. iristis and G. blandus, but inclining toward the latter. It was raised by Dean Herbert. G. schwartzenbergianus is a hybrid with the same ancestry as G. ganda- vensis, and was listed by Jacob Makoy in 1842. G. splendidus is another hybrid with the same parentage as G. ganda- vensis, offered by Jacob Makoy in 1842. G. spofforthianus is a hybrid between G. cardinalis and G. blandus, raised by Dean Herbert. The flowers show more resemblance to G. blandus than to G. cardinalis. The name was given to honor Spofforth, the home of its originator. G. Sternti is a hybrid raised by Beddinghaus and introduced by. Jacob Makoy in 1842. G. turicensis is a hybrid between G. Saundersii and G. gandavensis, offered by M. Froebel, of Zurich, Switzerland, in 1889. This hybrid was cataloged in the United States by Peter Henderson in 18o1. G. Victortalis is a hybrid between G. byzantinus and G. cardinalis. It originated with Dammann, who offered it in 1893 with the following description : A new early-flowering class of gladioli standing the winter well. It is the first hybrid gladiolus between a European and a Cape species. The habit of the plant stands between those of its parents. It is dwarf, robust, and rich flowering. The flowers are pink or dark red, and the inner segments are striped like those of the African Gladiolus cardinalis. They appear about the middle of April, are large, very open, and somewhat scented. The Gladiolus Victorialis offers quite a new field to the grower as he may further try to unite the beauty of the African species and the hardiness of the European kinds. Well adapted for the market and cutting. G. vitriacensis isa hybrid between one of the Lemoinei varieties and some of the early-flowering forms known as G. manus. The flowers are reported as being of medium size and brick red in color, with the character- istic blotches of the dwarf type. The plant, however, is taller and more vigorous than the dwarf type. This form was offered in 1913 by Cayeux et Le Clerc, who have seedlings of other colors ready for introduction. The value of this type is that it fills the gap between the early- and late- flowering groups. G. Willmoreanus is a hybrid of G. gandavensis and G. floribundus. The flower is creamy white, with the three upper segments streaked delicate rosy purple. It resembles G. psittacinus in form, but not in color. The variety was introduced as G. natalensis var. Willmoreanus. Allied to this were the following varieties: G. oldfordiensis —flowers large, delicate 154 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 salmon marked with purple; G. roseo-purpureus — flowers of medium size, of a deep rosy red marked with deep purple-red; Wellington — flowers large, deep orange-red. All these were raised by Mr. Cole, gardener to Mr. Willmore, of Oldford, and were noted in the Floricultural Cabinet ° _for 1850, page 295. HISTORY OF GLADIOLUS IN AMERICA The gladiolus was not an important garden flower in America one hundred years ago, and in comparison with other flowers it received scant treatment in the garden books of the period. McMahon (1806) mentions ‘‘gladioluses,’’ or “‘gladiolus’s,’’ incidentally in his brief dis- cussion of the culture of hardy bulbs, and lkewise in connection with Cape and greenhouse bulbs. A list of species with the common name of each, taken from English garden works, is given at the end of his book. As will be seen later, these species were not cataloged in this country. Green (1828) does not mention gladioli. Sayers (1838) names the following species: Tender bulbous plants Gladiolus verstcolor............ Variegated’. 2. t.2..).2. = May, June GAGOTCINGTES tas cae ee Darkened? imi). tate cacti May, July Gx PSTIGCINGS aah. Me a palon eee Wiellowied gk esther as Florists’ flowers Gladiolus alatus, bright orange G. floribunda G. byzantium, delicate purple G. fragrans recurvus G. carneus, flesh-colored G. hirsutus roseo G. cardinalis, superb scarlet G. psittacina (parrot-like) A few years later the works of Breck (1851), Bridgeman (1847), and others gave more space to the culture of gladioli, but it was not until the time of the Civil War that there seems to have been any considerable interest in the flower. The most extensive collection of gladioli offered by any of the pioneer American seedsmen was that of William Prince, who in 1825 offered the following species and varieties: Gladiolus (Corn flag, or sword lily) Class, Triandria; Order, Monogyma Gladiolus communis, purple Gladiolus communis, rose-colored Gladiolus communis, large red Gladiolus communis, flesh-colored Gladiolus byzantinus, or Turkish flag Gladiolus segetum Gladiolus Watsonius, or scarlet flag Gladiolus tyger, yellow Gladiolus, large African © SIDNEY Vo GLADIOLUS StTuDIEs — I 155 Under Greenhouse Plants the following are given: 735. Rose-colored gladiolus, G. africanus roseo 736. Yellow gladiolus, G. africanus lutea 737- Narrow-leaved red gladiolus, G. angustifolia rubro 738. Two-spotted gladiolus, G. bimaculaius 739. Sad-flowering gladiolus, G. triste The first species was offered at 12 cents for each bulb, the next three kinds at 20 cents, the fifth kind at 25 cents, the sixth at 50 cents, and all the others at $1 each. The oldest American catalog consulted in this work was that of Grant Thorburn for 1824. Here are offered ‘‘Gladiolus, or Sword Lily, beau- tiful,”’ at 12 cents, and ‘“‘Gladiolus by name, superb varieties,’ at 50 cents each. Thorburn offered in 1827 the following gladioli, the prices of which also are interesting: Each Per dozen alatus, or wing-flowered................ Bright orange......... $ .50 $5.00 byzantinus, or Turkish flag............. Delicate purple....... 25 2.50 TAEMECUES Ps Rte oO Sk se ot oe J. esh-tolored v.22. 55. : .50 5.00 cardinalis, or large-flowered............ Superb scarlet......... .50 3.00 ersuundus, or Cluster-flowered 2.25 5 5. be ee dene kee .50 5.00 jragrans recurous, or swecet-scented 2... ee ee eee 50 5.00 INFERS Sr t0- Dn TR eS ee Be Fs bd Rey EOS .50 5.00 mereanas, Pusey, Or Tose-colored. < s.. )5 2 6 DOS ew wr eee ae. .50 5.00 The catalog of Thorburn for 1832 includes pstttacina (parrot-like), a new and splendid variety sold at 75 cents each or $6 a dozen. Frimi- _culata was dropped. Aside from these two changes the list is similar to the preceding. Landreth in 1828 cataloged G. undulatus and G. carneus. The editor of American Gardeners’ Magazine stated in 1835 that G. byzantinus, G. cardinalis, and G. communis-were the only kinds observed in the gardens around Boston. In the same year S. Sweetser read a paper _at the January meeting of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, entitled Remarks on the Management of Gladiolus natalensis (now properly known as G. pstttacinus). He had flowered the species the year before from bulbs procured from Thorburn, who imported the species in 1832 and offered it to his customers. Later (in 1835) it was stated that G. Col- willet and G. tristis were flowered by Mr. Cushing. Baron von Ludwig sent a collection of bulbs to the Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1836, and among them were G. hirsutus, G. blandus, andG. alatus. Marshall P. Wilder flowered and exhibited G. floribundus and G. pudibundus (a hybrid raised by Dean Herbert) in 1837. Hovey & Co. in 1839 offered corms of G. natalensis at 20 cents each, and of G. floribundus at 50 cents each. R. Buist in 1844-45 cataloged the species bimaculatus, blandus, byzan- tinus, cardinalis, Colvillet, floribundus, formosissimus, galeatus, hirsutus, s / 156 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9g inflatus, insignis, praecox, psittacinus, pudibundus, ramosus, roseus, and undulatus, and the variety Queen Victoria. G. ramosus, G. insignis, and G. formosissimus were $2 each, while Queen Victoria corms were $2.50 each. The editor of the Magazine of Horticulture says (on page 6 of volume for 1846) that the variety Queen Victoria, and the species G. gandavenstis and G. ramosus, have already flowered in this country. G. Christianus was exhibited on July 18 of the same year, and G. belviderus on August 1. G. Wilhelmus and the variety Lizette were exhibited on June 26, 1847, and G. Liebnitzii was exhibited on July 24. The culture of gladioli, however, was not very common at this time. An amateur florist wrote as follows (Anonymous reference, 1848 a): The Gladiolus.— This is one of the finest bulbs in the world for the open border in this country. The common Gladiolus, or “sword lily,” (G. communis,) with purple flowers, and the green striped, or Parrot Gladiolus, (G. psittacina,) are well known hardy border. flowers. But the finer new hybrid species and varieties, so well known in Belgium, (where they cultivate above forty sorts,) are very seldom seen in the United States, except in the gardens of the largest collectors. They are well worthy of more attention. The roots of these new sorts are very easily preserved through the winter in a cellar or green-house; and nothing can well be more gay, brilliant, or delicate than the colours of many of the finer sorts,— G. cardinalis, gandavensis, roseus, etc., with all the shades of flesh colour, rose, pink, deep scarlet, and purple, in their long spikes of blossoms. They also come into bloom at midsummer, when there are comparatively few flowers in our borders. Good, rich, sandy loam, and an open exposure, will, in this climate, grow them to our great satisfaction. Hovey in 1852 listed the following species and varieties under the head Greenhouse Bulbs: blandus, cardinalis, Colvillei, floribundus, gandavensts, Lord John Russell, natalensis, Prince Albert, pudibundus, Queen Victoria, ramosus. In 1854 the following were added: Apollon, Eugénie, Inter- medius, psittacinus major, rosea carnea, Ulysses. From the foregoing it is evident that many, if not all, of the new kinds appearing in Europe were offered to American growers. That the importa- tions were made is sufficient indication of an interest in gladioli, but up to 1852 the writer-has not discovered any record of new varieties being produced in America. E.S. Rand, jr., as chairman-of the floral committee of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, published with his report for 1858 a paper on the culture of the gladiolus, in which he expressed the hope that seedlings would be raised. It appears later that Mr. Rand and others acted upon the suggestion, for the following statement is found in the history of the above-named society: ‘‘This year [1863] witnessed the commencement of those profuse and beautiful displays of seedling gladioli.” Mr. Rand exhibited in 1863 seedling no. 12, rosy salmon, which was commented upon favorably by the committee. A week later, on September 5, he GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I 157 exhibited no. 2, white, a fine hybrid between Sulphuria and Berthe Rabourdin. On September 12 he exhibited seedling no. 13, light salmon in color. John Hogan exhibited five seedlings on August 22, and James McTear nine on August 29 and one on September 12. W.C.Strong, E.S. Rand, jr., George Craft, Francis Parkman, and James McTear were the principal exhibitors of seedlings in 1864.- Craft won the silver and bronze medals. Elnora (Craft), the variety awarded the silver medal, was a pure white, in some cases faintly flaked with violet, the center petal feathered maroon on delicate lemon ground; it was charac- terized by a bold spike, a large flower, a neat and compact face, and vigorous habit. Colonel Wilder Wright (Craft), the variety awarded the bronze medal, was of the reverse-flowered form, carnation in color, marbled and mottled with carmine, the lower petals heavily marked and feathered with carmine-purple; its size, form, and habit were good.: - McTear exhibited Jeanie Dean, which was white marked with crimson- purple; other varieties from the same exhibitor were Salmonia and Exem- plar. Strong was awarded a first class certificate for a variety which was brilliant cherry-carmine in color, shaded violet-purple, the lower divisions of the petals marked with a distinct white line. The report for 1864 would indicate that there must have been a remarkable interest in the production of new varieties, for McTear exhibited twelve, Parkman twenty, Craft thirty-eight, and Strong forty-two seedlings during that _season. . James McTear won the silver medal for the best seedling exhibited in 1865. George Craft exhibited, among other seedlings, the varieties Mrs. Westcott, Elnora, and Fairy. W. C. Strong exhibited his new seedling Parkmanii. Silver medals were awarded to George Craft and J. S. Richards in 1867; to J. S. Richards for his seedling The Bride, and to Francis Parkman, in 1868; to J. S. Richards in 1869; to J. S. Richards for Elegantissima in 1871; to A. McLaren in 1872; and to James Comley in 1874. Bronze ~ medals were awarded to J. S. Richards in 1872, and to W. H. Spooner for Diamond in 1878. First class certificates were awarded to Francis Park- man in 1866; to J. S. Richards for the seedling named Joseph Breck in 1868; to J. S. Richards for the seedling M. P. Wilder, and to George Craft for the seedling Thomas Sheren, in 1869; to A. McLaren in 1872; to J.C. F. Hyde in 1875; and to J. W. Clarkin 1882. The development attained by these American growers may be under- stood by the following extract from the report of the floral committee for 1872: ‘The gladioli were all that could be expected, and nothing seemed to please the strangers so much. Indeed they were astonished when informed that they were American seedlings. Gentlemen capable 158 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 of judging on any flower were delighted to know that such progress had been made in the standard of this popular and useful flower.” The credit for introducing the first American seedling has not been definitely determined, owing to the fact that all available catalog files were incomplete. It is quite certain that some of the producers of the new seedlings that have been named were the first to introduce their novelties. In the fifteenth edition (1868-69) of the catalog of Curtis & Cobb, of Boston, Massachusetts, Craft’s Elnora, Finette, Imprimis, Lieu- tenant Stearns, and Viola, and McTear’s Salmonia, are fully described. The bound catalogs of Washburn & Co. for 1868 contain what is prob- ably the first color plate of any variety of gladiolus published by an Amer- ican seedsman. The varieties figured are G. brenchleyensis and Berthe Rabourdin. The first American variety shown by a color plate, so far as the writer can discover, was Innocence, a variety originated by James Vick and figured in his magazine for February, 1885. The two original varieties of G. Lemoineit were shown by means of an excellent color plate in American Gardening in 1882. Although Curtis & Cobb appear to have been the first to catalog named American seedlings, nevertheless attention should be given to the List of Gladiolus Roots, No. xv, 1870, of George Craft, of Brookline, Massa- chusetts, wherein are described Blythe, Freedman, Gordianus, Grenadier, Jores Morthen Jongman, Lisette, Napoleon I, Theophila, Hesba, Yosemite, Finette, Katarina, Lieutenant Stearns, Lucilla, Mariana, Morningside, Petit Bonnet, Rosalind, Sarah P. Pearce, Scrooby, Statuiskii, Una, and Violenta. It is stated that these are Craft’s own seedlings. It is more than probable, therefore, that Craft offered his seedlings prior to the time when the same varieties were offered by Curtis & Cobb. In 1871 Craft offered Alphonso, Ariadne, Leyden, Lucio, Mrs. Westcott, Naseby, Thomas Sheren, Valentine, and Virginie as new, with the following in his general list: Adriana, Blonde, Early, Golden Lily, Orlando. No new varieties appear in the lists for 1874 and 1875, which complete the lists consulted. There was a lessened production of seedlings after 1873 until about 1890, and the present interest in gladioli dates from about 1908. Meanwhile the interest in the French varieties of Souchet was increasing. Barnes & Washburn, Spooner & Co. (later Strong & Spooner), Henry A. Dreer, Eugene A. Baumann, George Such, and C. L. Allen had extensive collections of varieties. The last named, in his catalog of spring bulbs for 1869, stated that he had over two hundred varieties, and in 1871 he announced over three hundred varieties. He was at that time the largest grower of corms. In 1870 he had seven acres, and in 1873 fifteen acres, devoted to growing gladioli. The cut blooms were GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I 159 shipped to New York in large quantities, occasionally as many as ten thousand spikes being sent in one day. A number of seedlings were raised at Rochester, New York, and introduced in 1883 by James Vick. These were Brunette, Bryant, Charlotte Cushman, David Copperfield, Dr. Warder, Henry Clay, Holmes, Innocence, Longfellow, Lowell, and Rainbow. This list, with the excep- tion of the last-named variety, was cataloged for several years. The variety Snow White was raised by J. C. F. Hyde, of Newton, Massachusetts, and exhibited before the Massachusetts Horticultural Society in August, 1879, when it was awarded a first class certificate. . In 1881 it was recommended by the floral committee for the prospective prize of $40 as the best flowering plant. Hallock & Son bought the stock in 1883 and changed the name from Hyde’s Seedling — or Hyde’s White, as it was locally known —to Snow White, and introduced it in 189go. _ Among the American varieties of gladioli produced between 1880 and 1890 were Bayard Taylor, Emma Thursby, E. M. Stanton, General Phil Sheridan, Golden, Isaac Buchanan, Joseph’s Coat, Martha Washing- ton, President Lincoln, and Augusta (Hallock). Meanwhile Luther Burbank had been breeding gladioli, and about 1890, after twelve years of experimenting, he placed on the market a strain the flowers of which had greater substance, and therefore withstood the bright sun and dry atmosphere of California much better, than the older types. This strain had strong, stiff stems which were not so tall as in the usual types, but the flowers were large and had all the usual colors. Among the varieties were California, Cisco, Mariposa, Santa Rosa, Shasta, and Yolo. Later, probably in the following year, Igo, Modesto, Mono, and Pohono were added to the list. The price of Cali- fornia and Santa Rosa was $2 a corm, but the set of ten varieties was offered at $8. Unnamed seedlings and seed were offered for sale. The variety California was remarkable from the fact that the flowers were arranged close together all around the stem. The development of a num- ber of similar varieties in France may possibly have started from this sin- gular variety developed by Burbank. The variety California was notable also in another respect, and that was its habit of sometimes producing double flowers. If this tendency appeared when the variety was grown outside of California it does not seem to have impressed lovers of the flower, for nothing resulted from it. The work of Matthew Crawford began about 1880, but he did not catalog gladioli until 1888. Prior to 1891 he offered his gladioli in mix- tures. The first seedlings which he named and introduced were Bertha, Lulu, Mabel, and May, in 1891. In the subsequent years he offered + 160 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 only mixed gladioli until 1895, when he again offered the varieties named. Unnamed seedlings one and two years old, raised from English-, French-, German-, and American-grown seed, were offered in 1891, and no doubt many of the later introductions of other growers came from this or similar sources. Isabel, Jessie, Margaret, and New America are some of Crawford’s more recent varieties. Then came the introduction of the Childsii varieties, remarkable for their vigor of growth and large flowers. These have had an important part in the development of American gladioli and in the increase of the flower in popular favor. Any account of the development of American gladioli would be incom- plete without mention of the work of H. H. Groff, of Simcoe, Ontario. His work was begun prior to 1890, and for years he has been breeding to eliminate the weakness of existing types. Using the strongest parents, and particularly those of individual merit (and he is unexcelled in his knowledge of varieties), he has practiced a rigid selection among his seedlings. The result is that the name Groff’s Hybrids, as applied to his own named varieties, has become a synonym of merit. Through cooperation with Arthur Cowee, whose ability as a grower and exhibitor, equals that of Mr. Groff as a breeder, these hybrids have become widely and thoroughly known. The popularity of gladioli as garden flowers is due to Mr. Cowee in larger degree than to any other person. He has labored for many years to bring the merits of the flower to the attention of the people. The splendid exhibits he has made at expositions and fairs, his attractive advertising in magazines and in his catalogs, and more than all his personal enthusiasm, have served to place gladioli in the foremost rank among the garden flowers of the United States. Without the interest of the people many of the present growers would not find a market for their bulbs. All the growers, and garden lovers generally, owe much to the pioneer efforts of the gardeners of Boston, and to Childs, Crawford, Cowee, and Groff. The ruffled gladioli produced by A. E. Kunderd, of Goshen, Indiana, are a distinctly new and original American type. The flowers are distinguished by the peculiar ruffling or fluting of the petals, producing an artistic effect approaching that seen in waved sweet peas. The first variety introduced was Kunderdi Glory. The ruffled gladioli are the result of experiments, begun about 1896, in crossing and selection of plants showing the ruffled tendency. American growers do not depend on the novelties sent out by foreign firms, for they have produced numerous varieties better suited to this soil and climate. A study of these varieties often reveals the fact that GLaDIOLus StupiEs — I 161 they are not clearly of any particular type of gladioli, and they are referred to as American, by which is meant that they have been produced here and are the result of so much intercrossing of previous forms that they stand alone. As has been done with the carnation, the gladiolus growers are making a new and distinctly American type of plant and flower. Through the breaking of Old World fetters and limitations the way is open to further achievement, for which the future holds bright prospects for American gladiolus breeders. 1 ge v par Pye GLADIOLUS StuDIEs — I 163 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE GLADIOLUS BOTANICAL WORKS Aiton, W. 1789 Hortus Kewensis 1:62-66. Andrews, H. C. 1799-183i Botanists’ repository, tab. 8, II, 19, 27, 99, III, 118, 122, 147, 188, 219, 227, 240, 241, 275, 589. Baker, J. G. 1875 Gladiolus angustus, corneus, saltatorum. Linn. Soc. Trans. 29:154—-155. Balbis, G. B. 1813 Gladiolus elatus. Catalogus stirpium horti bat taurensis, p. 38. Bauhin, Caspar 1671 Pinax theatri botanici, p. 41. Bauhin, Johann 1651 Historie plantarum universalis 2:701. Besler, B. 1613. Hortus eystettensis (estivalium), quartus ordo, folios 10 and 12. Boerhaave, H. 1727 Index alter plantarum qual in horto academico lugduno-batavo aluntur 2: 127. Boissier, E. 1884 Flora orientalis sive enumeratio plantarum in Oriente 5:139-143. Boissier, E. P. 1842-54 Diagnoses plantarum orientalium 7: 102. 1852 Pugillus plantarum novarum hispanicum, p. 112-113. 1854-59 Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, additis nonnullis Europaeis et boreali Africanis 13:7-15. Boissier, E. P., and Reuter, G. F. 1852 Pugillus plantarum Africae borealis hispaniaeque australis. Bouché, Carl 1838 Beobachtungen tiber einige europadische Gladiolus-Arten. Linnaea 12: 477-485. Bradley, R. 1728 Dictionarium botanicum: or, a botanical dictionary for the use of the curious in husbandry and gardening 1:—. Breyne, J. P. : 1739 a Icones rariorum et exoticarum planatarum. 1739 b - Prodromi, fasciculi rariorum plantarum, etc. Burman, N. L. : Prodromus florae capensis 2:—. Dodoens, R. 1578 A nievve herball, or historie of plantes (translated by Henry Lyte), book 2, p. 197. 1616 Stirpium historiae pemptades sex. Ecklon, C. F. 1827 Topographisches Verzeichness der Pflanzensammlung, p. 38. 164 . CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Ecklon, C. F., and Zeyher, C. 1834-37 Enumer. pl. Africae Australis extra-tropicae. Ehret, G. D., and Trew, C.. J: 1750-73 Plantae selectae, tab. 39. _ Engler, A. 1901 Die von W. Goetze und Dr. Stuhlmann im Ulugurugebirge, sowie die von W. Goetze in der Kisaki- und Khutu-Steppe und in Uhehe gesammelten Pflanzen. Bot. Jahrb. 28: 365-366. Gerarde, John 1597. The herball, or generall historie of plantes, p. 95-97. Hallier, Ernst 1873-75 Deutschlands Flora, oder Abbildung und Beschreibung der wildwach- senden Pflanzen in der mitteleuropadischen Flora. 9th ed. Hornemann, J. W. 1813-15 Hortus regius botanicus Hafuiensis 2:950. Jacquin, N. J. 1764-71 -Observationes botanicae. Jn Collectanea ad botanicum 4:150-171. 1781-93 Icones plantarum rariorum 2:tab. 233-260. 1796 Collectaneorum supplementum cum figuris coloratis, p. 17-29. 1809 Fragmenta botanica 3:12. Koch, Karl 1848 Beitrage zu einer Flora des Orientes. Gladiolus. Linnaea 21:634-636. Koch, W. D. J. 1844 Synopsis florae germanicae et helveticae 2:805-807. Lamarck, J. B. P. 1786 Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique 2:2:723-728. La Roche, Daniel de 1766 Descriptiones plantarum aliquot novarum. Lugd. bat., p. 27-30, tab. 2-4. Lichtenstein, H. 1811-12 Reisen in siidlichen Africa in den Jahren 1803-1806. Linnzus, C. 1737 Hortus Cliffortianus, p. 20, tab. 6. 1748 Hortus upsaliensis 1:16. 1753 a Systema plantarum 1:52. 1753 b Species plantarum 1:36, 37. 1759 Amoenitates academicae 5:353. 1762 Species plantarum, 2d ed. 1:52-54. 1767. Mantissa plantarum 1:28. Lobelius, M. 1581 Icones. Marloth, Rudolf 1915 The flora of South Africa 4. Miller, Philip 1731 The gardeners dictionary. 1754 Same. 4th ed. 1771 Figures of the most beautiful, useful, and uncommon plants described in the gardeners dictionary 1:95, pl. 142. 2:157, pl. 235; 158, pl. 236, fig 1; 297. GLADIOLUS StupIEs — I 165 Pappe, L. 1850 Flore capensis medicae prodromus. Parkinson, John 1629 Paradisi in sole paradisus terrestris, p. 189-191, I fig. 1640 Theatrum botanicum, p. 1197, 1250. Pax, F. —— Engler’s Hochgeb. fl. trop. Africa, p. 175. 1893 Iridaceae Africae. Bot. Jahrb. 15: 150-157. Persoon, C. H. 1805 Synopsis plantarum 1:43-46. Ray, John 1686-1704 Historia plantarum 3:559-561. Redoute, P. J. —= Les liltactes, tab. 35, 36, 112, 122) 123, 125,°136,'267,'273; 344, 377, 425. (Often cited as Red. Lil, i. e., Redoute’s Liliacées.) oo Reichenbach, H. G. L. 1823-32 Iconographia botanica seu plantae cfiticae, tab. 598, 599, 600, 643. Richard, Achille 1847-51 Tentamen florae Abyssinicae 2: 307. Roemer, J. J., and Schultes, J. A. 1817-30 Systema vegetabilium 1:407-445. Salisbury, R. A. 1806-07 Paradisus Londinensis, tab. 8. Schlechtendal, D. F. L. von, and others 1880 Flora von Deutschland, 5th ed. 4:62-67, pl. 307-311, 353. Schlechter, R. 1900 Plantae Schlechterianae novae vel minus cognitae describunter. II. Bot. Jahrb. 27: 102-103. \ Schneevoogt, C. V. 1793 Icones plantarum rariorum, tab. 12, 19, 27, 40. - Schrank, 1822 Bot. Ges. Regensburg. Denkschr. 2:195, 197, 198, 202, 204, 206, 207, 210, 212. Sibthorp, John 1806 Flore Greece 1:25-26. Sowerby, James, and Smith, J. E. 5 1842 English botany, or colored figures of British plants, 2d ed. 9: —. Stapf, Otto 1885 Irideae. Jn Beitrage zur Flora von Lycien, Carien, und Mesopotamien. K. Akad. Wiss. [Vienna], Math. Naturw. Cl. Denkschr. 50: 81-83. Sweert, Emanuel 1612 Florilegium tractans de variis floribus, tab. 42, fig. 1. Tausch, J. F. 1836 Botanische Beobachtungen, no. 57-58. Flora 19: 421-422. 166 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Thunberg, K. P. 1794-1805 Prodromus plantarum capensium quas promontorio bonae spei Africes, annis 1772-1775, p. 184-185. 1807-12 Flora capensis 1:173-206. 1823 Flora capensis sistens plantas promontorii bonae spei Africes, p. 40-54. Trew, C. J. 1750 ‘Tabule ehretii, tab. 39. Vahl, M. 1790-94 Symbolae botanicae. 1805-06 Enumeratio plantarum vel ab aliis vel ab ipso observatarum 2:82-103. Willdenow, C. L. (Editor) 1797 Linnzus, Species plantarum 1:208-221. SPECIAL WORKS Babington, C. C. 1863 Gladiolus illyricus as a British plant. Seemann’s Journ. bot. 1:97-98. Baker, J. G. 1875 Gladiolus Cooperi. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 101: tab. 6202. 1876 Gladiolus crassifolius, Milleri, Newii, ochroleucus, etc. Journ. bot. 14: 333-335: 1877 a Gisdiole ochroleucus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 103:tab. 6291. 1877 b Gladiolus Eckloni. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 103: tab. 6335. 1878 Systema Iridacearum. Journ. Linnean Soc., Bot. 16:170-178. 1879 Gladiolus brachyandrus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 105:tab. 6463. 1884 Gladiolus Quartinianus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 110:tab. 6739. 1886 Gladiolus Kotschyanus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 112: tab. 6897. 1889 =. Gladiolus Leichtlini Baker n. sp. Gard. chron. ser. 3:6:154. 1890 ~=—- Gladiolus primulinus, n. sp. Gard. chron. ser. 3:8:122. 1891 a Gladiolus paludosus, G. Elliotii, G. antholyzoides. Journ. bot. 29:70-71. 1891 b Gladiolus Milleri. Gard. chron. ser. 3:10:393. 1892 Handbook of the Iridee, p. 198-229. 1893 a Gladiolus oppositiflorus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 119:tab. 7292. 1893 b Hybrid gladioli. Gard. chron. ser. 3:13:596. 1896-97 Gladiolus, Linn. Flora capensis 6:135-165. Dyer, W.-T. Thiselton- ——— . Flora of tropical Africa '7:576—577. Gawler, J. B. 1805 Ensatarum ordo. or natural order Ensatae. Konig & Sims’ Annales of botany 1:219-247. (See also Ker, J. B.) Geel, van 1829 Gladiolus Daleni. Sect. bot. 2:tab. 19. Herbert, William 1837 On crosses and hybrid intermixtures in vegetables. Jn Amaryllidacee, p. 335-380. 1842 Gladioli crispiflorus, Caucasicus, aequinoctialis, oppositiflorus. Bot. reg. 28: misc. 81, 82, 97, 98: 1843 Gladiolus splendens. Bot. reg. 29:misc. 61. Hooker, J. D. 1866 Gladiolus Papilio. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 92: tab. 5565. 1869 Gladiolus cruentus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 95:tab. 5810.. 1870 Gladiolus Saundersii. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 96: tab. 5873. 1871 Gladiolus dracocephalus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 97: tab. 5884. 1872 Gladiolus purpureo-auratus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 98: tab. 5944. 1901 Gladiolus sulphureus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 127: tab. 7791. 1902 Gladiolus Mackinderi. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 128:tab. 7860. GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I 167 Hooker, W. J. 1830 Gladiolus psittacinus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 57:tab. 3032. 1839 Gladiolus Mortonius. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 65:tab. 3680. 1864 Gladiolus sericeo-villosus. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 9o:tab. 5427. Ker, J. B. 1749-1825 Giadiohis descriptions in connection with color plates. Bot. mag. 13, tab. 450. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 15, tab. 538; 16, tab. 562, 574, 578, 582, 586, 591, 592; 17, tab. 602, 610, 625, 632: 18, tab. 645, 647, 648, 688; 19, tab. 719, 727; 21, tab. 823; 22, tab: 874; 26, tab. - 1042; 36, tab. 1483; 38, tab. 1564, 1575; 52, tab. 2585. 1821 Gladioli species. Bot. reg. 7:appendix. 1827 Genera Indearum, p. i—158. (See also Gawler, j. B.) Klatt, F. W. 1863 Revisio Iridearum. Linnaea 32:689-725. 1867-68 a Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Irideen. Linnaea 35:291—308. 1867-68 b Diagnoses Iridearum novarum. Linnaea 35:377-384. 1882 a Gladioli Andrewsii, arcuatus, etc. Naturf. Gesell. Halle. Abh. 12:— 1882 b Erganzungen und Berichtigungen zu Baker’s Systema Iridacearum. Naturf. Gesell. Halle. Abh. 15:335—404. 1885 Determination and description of the Cape Irideae, chiefly collected by R. Templeman and contained in the herbarium of P. Macowan. South Africa Philosoph. Soc. Trans. 3:197. 1895 Gladiolus in Th. Durand and Hans Schinz Conspectus florae Africae 5:214. Koch, W. D. J. 1840 Charactere der deutschen Gladiolus-Arten. Deut. Naturf. Versamml. Ber. 1840: 122-123. Lehmann, J. G. C. 1836 Gladiolus Ecklonii. Ann. sci. nat. 2:6:107. Lindley, John 1831 Gladiolus psittacinus. Bot. reg. 17:tab. 1442. Loddiges, Conrad, and Sons 1825 Antholyza montana. Bot. cab. 11:tab. 1022. 1831 Gladiolus natalensis. Bot. cab. 18:tab. 1756. 1833 Gladiolus Watsonius. Bot. cab. 20:tab. 1949. Molkenboer, 1850 Gladiolus sulphureus. Jaarboek Tuinbouw, p. 39. Moore, Thomas 1868 Gladiolus cruentus, Moore, sp.n. Gard. chron. 1868:1138 Neubert, Wilhelm 1863 Ueber Gladiolus und deren Kultur. Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenk. 1863: 353-362. Nickles, Napoleon Notice sur les gladiolus de France et d’Allemagne, n. d., color plate. Pucci, Angiolo 1898 Gladiolus Colvillei var. alba. Bul. Roy. Soc. Toscana Ort. 23:228 Rendle, A. B. 1899 Catalogue of Aces plants collected by Dr. Welwitsch 2:1: 28-30. 1912 Gladiolus gazensis. In Contributions te our knowledge of the flora of Gaza- land. Linn. Soc. Journ. 40:210. 168 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN g Stapf, Otto Md 1885 Gladiolus atroviolaceus. Jn Die botanischen Ergebnisse der Polak’schen Expedition nach Persien im Jahre 1882. K. Akad. Wiss. [Vienna], Math. Naturw. Cl. Denkschr. 50:19. Sweet, R. 1826-27 Gladiolus Colvillei, G. viperatus, and G. alatus. British flower garden, ser. I, tab. 155, 156, 187. 1832-35 Gladiolus cochleatus, G. pudibundus, and G. natalensis. British flower garden, ser. 2, tab. 140, 176, 281. Syme, J. T. Boswell 1863 Remarks on Gladiolus illyricus Koch and its allies. Seemann’s Journ. bot. 1:130-134. Thunberg, K. P. 1782 Dissertio de Iride. 1810 Beskrivelse over 19 artes of gladiolus fra africas sondre odde. Skriv. Nat. Selsk. Kiobenhavn 6:1-15. 1814 Om gladiolus sparmanni ett nytt species. Akad. Handl. Stockholm 35: 189-194. Vaupel, F. 1913 Iridaceae africanae novae. Bot. Jahrb. 48:533-543. Wright, C. H. 1906 Gladiolus carmineus, Gladiolus primulinus. Curtis's Bot. mag. 132: tab. 8068, 8080. 1914 Gladiolus Masoniorum. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 140: tab. 8548. 1915 Gladiolus Melleri. Curtis’s Bot. mag. 141: tab. 8626. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT (Anonymous) 1839 «©. Gladiolus ramosus. Flor. cab. '7:143, color plate. 1848a The gladiolus. Hort. 2:488. 1848 b Gladiolus Brenchleyensis. Ann. hort. 1848:523. 1862 The gladiolus. Journ. hort. and cottage gard. 2:312-313. 1876 Australian gladioli. Journ. hort. n. s. 31:2¢8. 1892 Hardy hybrid gladioli. Garden 41:542. 1894 Gladiolus Saundersi hybridus. Garden 46:116. 1906 =6. Gladiolus nanus. Florists’ rev. 18:583. 1907 Gladiolus praecox. Florists’ ex. 23:803. 1908a Gladiolus The Bride. Florists’ rev. 21: Feb. 20:6. 1908b Hardiness of Gladiolus praecox. Florists’ ex. 25:215. From Hort. trade journ. [England]. tg908c Hybrids of Gladiolus primulinus. Florists’ ex..25:684. Allen, C. L. 1911 Bulbs and tuberous-rooted plants, p. 101-130. Beaton, D. 1860 Gladiolus Colvillii sport. Cottage gard. 24: 259-260. Bois, D. 1913 Gladiolus x Vitriacensis, nouvelle race de glaieuls hybrides a floraison hative. Revue hort. 85: 369-370, I fig. Breck, Joseph é 1851 The flower garden or book of flowers. Bridgeman, Thomas 1847 The florists’ guide. New ed. Bunyard, George 1910 Gladiolus brenchleyensis. Gard. chron, ser. 3:48:83. GLADIOLUs STuDIEs — I 169 Carriére, E.-A. 1879 Gladiolus hybridus Lemoinei. Revue hort. 51: 330-331, color plate. Childs, J. L. 1893 The gladiolus, its history, species, and cultivation, p. I-30, 7 figs. Cole, J. 1850 On cross-breeding and culture of gladiolus. Gard. mag. bot., hort., and flor. 1850: 169-172. Crawford, M. 1g0r Grofi’s hybrid gladioli. Amer. gard. 22:131—-132. Crawford, Matthew, and Van Fleet, W. Ig1r The gladiolus, p. 1-98. Dauthenay, H. : 1897 L/’origine des glaieuls cultivés. Revue hort. 69: 194. Dombrain, H. H. 1873 The gladiolus, its history, cultivation, and exhibition, p. 1-56. Endicott, W. E. * 1888 The species of Gladiolus. Gard. and for. 1: 363-365. 1891 Some hybrid gladioli. Gard. and for. 4:403. 1897 Garden notes. Gard. and for. 10: 277. Fitzherbert, W. 1911 Gladiolus tristis. Handb. Nat. Glad. Soc. (Eng.) 1911: 18-20. Fuld, Maurice 1912 Gladiolus nanus. Amer. Glad. Soc., Bul. 4:16-21; also, Hort. 15 : 458-459; also (1914), Mod. glad. grow. 1: 107-109. Garnier, Max - 1g10 . Glaieuls hybrides de primulinus. Revue hort. 82:578—579, color plate. Green, Roland _ ; : 1828 A treatise on the cultivation of ornamental flowers. Grignan, G. T. 1908 Le gladiolus primulinus. Revue hort. 80:8-—10 (1 fig.), 416. Groff, H. H. 1907 Practical plant-breeding, more especiaily in relation to the gladiolus. Roy. Hort. Soc. [London]. Rept. 3d Internat. Conf. 1906 Genetics, p. 421-425. 1910 Hybridizing gladiolus. Florists’ ex. 29:884. Hariot, P. 1892 Gladiolus tristis. Jardin 1892:88—89. Hatfield, T. D. 1897 The hybrid gladioli. Gard. and for. 10:335-336. Herbert, William 1820 Instructions for the treatment of Amaryllis longifolia, as a hardy aquatic, with some observations on the production of hybrid plants, etc. Hort. Soc. London. Trans. 3:187—196. 1822 a On the production of hybrid vegetables; with the result of many experi- ments made in the investigation of the subject. Hort. Soc. London. Trans. 4:15-50. 1822 b On the culture of the African gladioli, and other Cape bulbs, in the open borders. Hort. Soc. London. Trans. 4:153-155. 1847 On hybridization amongst vegetables. Hort. Soc. London. Journ. 2: 81-107. 170 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 . Hottes, A. C. ‘ 1915 Garden gladioli. Journ. hered. 6:499-504, 3 figs. Houtte, L. van 1846 Gladiolus gandavensis. Flore des serres 2:3, tab. 1. 1848 Gladiolus recurvus. Flore des serres 4: 422. 1849 Gladiolus gandavensis citrinus. Flore des serres 5 : tab. 539. 1850 Gladiolus Willmoreanus. Flore des serres 6 : tab. 639. 1873 Gladiolus purpureo-auratus, Colvillei Swt. Flore des serres 19: tab. 1992, 1993. Jackson, R. T. 1889 Hybridization of gladioli. Gard. and for. 2:88-91. Jacques, 1849 Rapport sur la collection de glaieuls de MM. Souchet pére et fils a Fon- tainebleau. Ann. Soc. Hort. Paris. Rept. 40:259-261. Jonghe, J. de 1843 Des glaieuls. Revue hort. 5:395-399. Krelage, E. H. 1892. Hybrid gladioli. Garden 41:190-192, I color plate, 1 fig. 1896a The origin of garden gladioli. Gard. chron. ser. 3:20:701. 1896b_ The origin of garden gladioli. Gard. and for. 9:446. Kunderd, A. E. 1908 Ruffled gladioli. Hort. 7:165. Leichtlin, Max 1889 Auch Etwas tiber Gladiolen. Gartenflora 38: 102. Lemaire, Charles 1846a Glandiolus gadavensis (hybridus). Revue hort. ser. 2:5:141-142, color plate. 1846 b Gladiolus gandavensis (hybridus). Flore des serres 2: pl. 1, March. Lemoine, E. 1890 Les glaieuls hybrides rustiques, p. 26. (French reprint of paper read before the Royal Horticultural Society, London, 1890.) McMahon, Bernard 1806 American gardener’s calendar. Mottet, S. _ 1912 A propos des glaieuls hybrides du G. primulinus. Revue hort. 84:448-450, = I fig. Paxton, Joseph 1836 Gladiolus pudibundus. Paxton’s Mag. bot. 2: 197. 1839 Gladiolus ramosus. Paxton’s Mag. bot. 6: 99-100. 1840 Gladiolus insignis. Paxton’s Mag. bot. 7: 223-224. 1844 Gladiolus gandiensis. Paxton’s Mag. bot. 11: 27-28. 1847 Gladiolus Canheaee superba. Paxton’s Mag. bot. 13: 190. Rand, E. S. 1864 The gladiolus. Downing’s Hort. 19:333-337. 1868 The gladiolus. Amer. journ. hort. and flor. comp. 4:78-82, I fig. Reider, J. E. von 1827 Gladiolus cardinalis. Annalen der Blumenisterei 2:125-128, color plate. GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I 171 Rudolph, Jules 1899 _ Les glaieuls hybrides nains. Revue hort. 71:111-114, color plate, 3 figs. 1910 Glaieuls hatifs Pont-de-Céais. Revue hort. 82:523, 1 fig. Sayers, Edward 1838 American flower garden companion adapted to the northern States. Such, George 1867 The gladiolus. Gard. monthly 9:I10-111. Tubergen, C. G. van, jr. 1907. Hybrids and hybridisation among bulbous plants. Roy. Hort. Soc. [Lon- don]. Rept. 3d Internat. Conf. 1906 Genetics, p. 438-445. Van Fleet, W. 1904 Hybridizing gladiolus species. Jn Proceedings International Conference on Plant Breeding and Hybridization, 1902. Hort. Soc. New York. Mem. 1:143-149. 1914 History of Princeps. Mod. glad. grow. 1:79-80. Verdier, Eugéne 1874 Culture of gladiolus. Flor. world 1874: Io. Watson, W. 1892 Gladiolus oppositiflorus. Gard. and for. 5:545-546. 1893 Hybrid gladioli. Gard. and for. 6:243-244. Wheadon, E. T. 1915 The gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 2:2-4, 14-16. From Guernsey Growers’ Assoc., Yearbook 1914. Wobhlforth, 1852 Notizen uber die Cultur der Gladiolus frei aus dem Franzdsischen nach Truffaut mit Zusatzen versehen. Gartenflora 1:73-81. Youell, H 1911 The gladiolus. As we knew and grew it fifty years ago. Hort. 13:420. COLOR PLATES AND FIGURES GLADIOLUS SPECIES Gladiolus: alatus Linn. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 8. 1799. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 16, tab. 586. 1802. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:155, tab. 47. 1915. Sweet, Brit. flow. gard., ser. I, tab. 187. 1827. alatus var. namaquensis Ker Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 122 under title G. galeatus. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 16, tab. 592. 1802. angustus Linn. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 589. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 252. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 17, tab. 602. 1802. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 344. blandus Aiton ‘Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 17, tab. 625. 1803. blandus var. albidus Jacq. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 99 under title G. blandus. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 256. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 18, tab. 648 under title G. blandus var. niveus. 1803. = 172 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Gladiolus (continued) : blandus var. carneus De la Roche : Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 188 under title G. campanulatus. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 18, tab. 645. 1803. blandus var. Mortonius Herb. Hooker, W. J., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 65, tab. 3680. 1839. brachyandrus Baker Baker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 105, tab. 6463. 1879. brevifolius Jacq. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 240 under title G. carneus. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 249. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 19, tab. 727 under title G. hirsutis vars. aphyllus and brevifolius. 1804. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 125 under title G. Orobranche. byzantinus (Bauhin) Miller Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 22, tab. 874. 1805. Reichenbach, Icon. bot. seu plant. crit., tab. 643. cardinalis Curt. Curtis, Bot. mag. 4, tab. 135. 1790. Herbier générale de l’amateur 1, tab. 22. 1816. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:154, tab. 46. 1915. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 112. Reider, Annalen der Blumenisterei 2:125. 1827. Schneevoogt, Icones plant. rar., tab. 27. carmineus Wright Wright, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 132, tab. 8068. 1906. cochleatus Sweet Sweet, Brit. flow. gard., ser. 2, tab. 140. communis Linn. Curtis, Bot. mag. 3, tab. 86. 1789. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 38, tab. 1575. 1813. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 267. Reichenbach, Icones florae germ. et helv. 9, tab. 349. Reichenbach, Icon. bot. seu plant. crit., tab. 589. Schlechtendal, Flora von Deutschland 4, tab. 308. 1880. Hallier, Deutschlands Flora, tab. 396. 1873-75. cruentus Moore Hooker, J. D., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 95, tab. 5810. 1869. Moore, Florist and pomologist, 1869, p. 121. cuspidatus Jacq. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 219. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 257. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 16, tab. 582. 1802. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 136. cuspidatus var. ventricosus Lam. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 147 under title G. cuspidatus. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 255 under title G. carneus. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag., tab. 591 under title G. carneus. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 36 under title G. cuspidatus. debilis Ker Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 52, tab. 2585. 1825. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:155, tab. 47. 1915. dracocephalus Hook. f. Hooker, J. D., Curtis’s Bot. mag., tab. 5884. Eckloni Lehm. Baker, Curtis's Bot. mag. 103, tab. 6335. 1877. edulis Burch. ex Ker Ker, Bot. reg. 2, tab. 169. 1817. florentiae Marl. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:155, tab. 47. 1915. floribundus Jacq. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 118 under title G. grandzflorus. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 254. a 7 GLaDIOLUs StupIEs — I Gladiolus (continued): floribundus Jacq. (continued): Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 17, tab. 610. 1802. La Belgique horticole, 1859, plate 23. gandavensts Paxton, Mag. bot. 11:27. 1844. Van Houtte, Flore des serres 2, tab. 1. 1846. Van Houtte, Revue horticole 18:141-142. 1846. gandavensts vat. citrinus (Lemonier) Van Houtte, Flore des serres 5, tab. 53¢. 1849. gandavensts var. superba Paxton, Mag. bot. 13:190. 1847. gracilis Jacq. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 246. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 16, tab. 562. 1802. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:153, tab. 46. I915. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 425. grandis Thunb. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 19, under title G. versicolor. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag., tab. 1042 under title G. versicolor- Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:157, tab. 48. I915. hirsutus Jacq. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 11 under title G. roseus. Herbier générale de l’amateur 2, tab. 127 under title G. hirsutus var. roseus. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 250. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 16, tab. 574 under title G. hirsutus var. roseus. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 273. hyalinus Jacq. Jacquin, Icones plant rar., tab. 242 under title G. strictus. tlyricus Koch Babington, Seemann’s Journ. bot. 1, tab. 4. 1863. Reichenbach, Icones florae germ. et helv. 9, tab. 352. Schlechtendal, Flora von Deutschland 4:65, tab. 309. 1880. Sowerby and Smith, English botany 9g, tab. 1493. 1842. tmbricatus Linn. Reichenbach, Icones florae germ. et. helv. 9, tab. 350. Reichenbach, Icon. bot. seu plant. crit., tab. 599. Schlechtendal, Flora von Deutschland 4:66, tab. 310. 1880. Kotschyanus Boiss. Baker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 112, tab. 6897. 1886. Ludwigit var. calvatus Baker Baker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 103, tab. 6291 under title G. ochroleucus. Mackinderi Hook. Hooker, J. D., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 128, tab. 7860. 1902. maculatus Sweet Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:158, tab. 48. 1915. Masontorum Baker Wright, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 140, tab. 8548. I914. Mellert Baker Wright, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 141, tab. 8626. I9gI5. Millerit Ker Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 17, tab. 632. 1803. montanus Linn. Loddiges, Bot. cab. 11, tab. 1022 under title Antholyza montana. 18 nivent Baker Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 275 under title G. ringens var. undulatus. oppositiflorus Herb. Baker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 119, tab. 7292. 1893. Watson (?), Garden 45:440-441. 1894. orchtdiflorus Andr. Andrews, Bot. repos., tab. 241. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 259 under title G. alatus. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 18, tab. 688 under title G. vtperatus. 1803. Sweet, Brit. flow. gard., ser. 1, tab. 156 under title G. viperatus. 1826-27. 18 1802. i id 25. 173 1817. \ 174 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9g Gladiolus (continued): palustris Gaud. Reichenbach, Icones florae germ. et helv. 9, tab. 351. Schlechtendal, Flora von Deutschland 4:62, tab. 307. 1880. papilio Hook. Hooker, J. D., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 92, tab. 5565. 1866. psittacinus Hook. Hooker, W. J., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 57, tab. 3032. 1830. Lindley, Bot. reg. 17, tab. 1442. 1831. Loddiges, Bot. cab., tab. 1756 under title G. natalensis. Reichenbach, Exot., tab. 116. - Sweet, Brit. flow. gard., ser. 2, tab. 281. 1835. psittacinus var. Cooperi Baker Baker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 101, tab. 6202. 1875. purpureo-auratus Hook. f. Hooker, J. D., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 98, tab. 5944. 1872. Van Houtte, Flore des serres 19, tab. 1992. 1873. Quartinianus A. Rich. Baker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 110, tab. 6739. 1884. recurvus Linn. Andrews, Bot. repos., tabs. 27 and 227 under title G. ringens. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 247 under title G. punctatus. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 16, tab. 578. 1802. La Belgique horticole, 1859, plate 23 under title G. ringens Andr. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:156, tab. 47. 1915. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 123 under title G. ringens. Van Houtte, Flore des serres 4, tab. 422. 1848. Saundersit Hook. f. Hooker, J. D., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 96, tab. 5873. 1870. Saunders, Garden 12:64. 1877. segetum Ker Hallier, Deutschlands Flora, tab. 386. 1873-75. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 19, tab. 719. 1804. Reichenbach, Icones florae germ. et helv. 9, tab. 353. Reichenbach, Icon. bot. seu plant. crit., tab. 600. Schlechtendal, Flora von Deutschland 4:67, tab. 353. 1880. sericeo-villosus Hook. Hooker, W. J., Curtis’s Bot. mag. go, tab. 5427. 1864. spathaceus Pappe Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:158, tab. 48. 1915. striatus Jacq. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 260. sulphureus De Graaf Hooker, J. D., Curtis’s Bot. mag. 127, tab. 7791. IgoI. Molkenboer, Jaarboek Tuinbouw, 1850, p. 39. tenellus Jacq. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 248. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4:157, tab. 48. 1915. trichonemtfolius Ker Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 36, tab. 1483. 1812. tristis Linn. : Curtis, Bot. mag. 8, tab. 272. 1794. Ehret and Trew, Plantae selectae, 1750-1773, tab. 39 under title G. bifolius et biflorus, folius quadrangularis. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 243. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag., tab. 1098. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 35 under title G. spiralis. tristis var. concolor Salisb. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 245 under title G. tristis. Marloth, Flora South Africa 4, tab. 46. I915. Salisbury, Paradisus Londinensis, tab. 8. adh co » GLADIOLUS StupIEs — I 175 Gladiolus (continued): undulatus Jacq. Jacquin, Icones plant. rar., tab. 251. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 18, tab. 647. 1803. Redoute, Les liliacées, tab. 122. villosus Ker Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 21, tab. 823 under title G. hirsutus var. 1805. _ vittatus Hornem. Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 15, tab. 538 under title G. undulatus. 1801. Schneevoogt, Icones plant. rar., tab. 19 under title G. angustus. vomerculus Ker Ker, Curtis’s Bot. mag. 38, tab. 1564 under title G. hastatus. 1813. HYBRID GLADIOLI Gladiolus: antwer piensis Flor. cab. 10:265. 1842. Christianus - Revue hort. 23:341. 1851. Colvillet Maund, Bot. gard. 5:4, tab. 167, fig. 5. Mrs. Loudon, Ladies’ flow. gard., Bulbs, tab. 13, fig. 5, p. 61. 1841. Sweet, Brit. flow. gard., ser. I, tab. 155. 1826-27. Van Houtte, Flore des serres 19, tab. 1993. 1873. Colvillei albus Pucci, Bul. Roy. Soc. Toscana Ort. 23, tab. 7. 1898. Van Houtte, Flore des serres 19, tab. 1993. Delbarinus (Delbaere) Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand 3, tab. 158. 1847. hybridus Lemoine Amer. gard. n.s. (1:5). 1882. _ Garden 17:306. 1880. ignescens Maund, Bot. gard. 6:136, tab. 233, fig. 2. insignis Paxton, Mag. bot. '7:223. 1840. Lemoinei Amer. gard. n.s.1:5. 1882. Revue hort. 51:330. 1879. Leopoldii (Carolus) Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand 4, tab. 194. 1848. mitchamiensis Herbert, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 4, tab. 2 under title G. tristi-hirsutus. oldfordiensis (Cole) Moore, Gard. mag. bot., hort., and flor., 1850, p. 249. picta blandas (Plant) Flor. cab. 6:264. 1838. primulinus hybrids Garden 76:391. 1912. Garnier, Revue hort. 82:578-579. 1910. princeps (Van Fleet) Revue hort. 76: 208-209. 1904. pudibundus (Herbert) Paxton, Mag. bot. 2:197. 1836. Sweet, Brit. flow. gard., ser. 2, tab. 176. 1833. Quartinianus superbus Garden 55:388-389. 1899. ramosus : Flor. cab. '7:143. 1839. Maund, Bot. gard. 6:165, tab. 238, fig. 2. Mrs. Loudon, Ladies’ flow. gard., Bulbs, tab. 12, fig. 1. Paxton, Mag. bot. 6:99. 1839. 176 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9g Gladiolus (continued) : rigidus (Herbert) Herbert, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 4, tab. 2 under title G. tristi-blandus. ringente-tristis (Herbert) Herbert, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 4, tab. 2. roseo-purpureus Flor. cab. 19:6. I851. Moore, Gard. mag. bot., hort., and flor., 1850, p. 249. Willmoreanus (Cole) Moore, Gard. mag. bot., hort., and flor., 1850, p. 169. Van Houtte, Flore des serres 6, tab. 639. HORTICULTURAL VARIETIES Ad. Brongniart (Souchet) Floral mag. 6, tab. 363. 1867. Aida (Haage & Schmidt) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1878, p. 371. Alice Wilson (Standish) Flor. and pomol., 1873, p. 73. Alphonse Lavallee L’hort. frang., 1856, tab. 20. Alsace Revue hort. Belge 13:227, tab. 23. 1887. Alsace-Lorraine (Lemoine), nanceianus var. Jardin, 1902, p. 216. Prakt. Ratgeber Obst u. Gartenbau 19:360. 1904. Aristote Illus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. 4. 1857. Arlequin (Souchet) Flore des serres 12, tab. 1246. 1857. Illus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. 8. ©1857. Atroroseus Florists’ journ. 3:177. 1842. Bala (Kelway IgII) Garden 76:437. I9I2. Baron Joseph Hulot (Lemoine 1896), Lemoinez var. Revue hort. 71:404. 1899. Beatrice Garden 17:156. 1880. Ben Hur (Childs), Childsi var. Garden 48:420. 1895. Bernard de Rennes (Truffaut) Revue hort. 23:341. Berthe Rabourdin Flor. fruit and gard. misc., 1859, p. 97. Illus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. 5. 1857 Blushing Bride Garden 34:580. 1888. Revue hort. 71: 111, fig. 4. 1899. Boussingault (Lemoine 1887) Revue hort. 50:228. 1888. Bramfarine (E. Aragon) Revue hort. 39:131-132. 1867. Calypso Illus. hort. 6, 227, fig. 5. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg., 1860, p. 128. Canari Illus. hort. 6, tab. 227, fig. I. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg., 1860, p. 128. Charles Davis (Standish) Flor. mag. 3, tab. 171. 1863. / GLADIOLUS StuDIEs — I 177 Charles McIntosh Revue hort. 71:111, fig. 5. 1899. Christophe Longueil (Dr. d’Avoine) _ Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand, 1849, tab. 239. Cochenille (Verdier pére) L’hort frang., 1851, tab. 23. Comte de Kerchove (Lemoine 1896), Lemoinez var. Revue hort. Belge 23:217. Countess Coghen Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand 3:51. 1847. Countess Craven (Kelway) Flor. mag. 20:465-466. 1881. Couranti carneus (Thibaut et Keteleer) L’hort. frang., 1852, tab. 15-16. Crepuscule (Lemoine 1899) Prakt. Ratgeber Obst u. Gartenbau 19:360. 1904. Dame Blanche (Haage & Schmidt) Revue hort. 68:540. 1896. Demi-deuil (Lemoine 1899), Lemoine var. Jardin, 1902, p. 216. Diane Illus. hort. 6, tab. 227, fig. 8. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg., 1860, p. 128. Docteur Spae (Truffaut) L’hort. frang., 1851, tab. 19, fig. 2. Duc de Malakoff ‘ Illus. hort. 6, tab. 227, fig. 3. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg., 1860, p. 128. Ed. Pynaert-Van Geert (Lemoine) Revue hort. Belge 18, tab. 19-20, fig. 5. 1892. Eleanor Norman Flor. mag. 4, tab. 222, 1864. Elvira Revue hort. 71: 111, fig. 7. 1899 Emile Galle (Lemoine 1887) Revue hort. 63:568. 1891. Emperor Napoleon [=Marechal Vaillant] (Leveau, Loise 1866) Revue hort. 38: 8-4, fig. 2. 1866. Ethiope (Lemoine 1898), Lemotnet var. Revue hort. 71:404. 1899. Eugénie Bourdier (Truffaut) Flore des serres 7, tab. 697, fig. 1. 1851-52. E. V. Hallock (Lemoine), Lemotnez var. Illus. hort. 37:107, tab. 115, fig. 3. 1890. Ferdinand de Lesseps (Lemoine) Revue hort. 63:568. 1891. Ferdinand Kegeljan (Lemoine), nancetanus var. Jardin, 1900, p. 348. Fille de 1’Air (Lemoine 1897), nancetanus var. Revue hort. 71:404. 1899. Flaming Sword (Kelway 1911) Garden 76: 182, tab. 1449. I9gI2. Garden 76: 437. Francis Herincq L’hort. frang., 1853, tab. 20. Gen. Changarnier (Truffaut) Flore des serres 7, tab. 697, fig. 3. 1851-52. General Grant Revue hort. 71:11, fig. 6. 1899. General Scott Garden 34:580, fig. 3.. 1888. Georges Frick (Lemoine), nancetanus var. Jardin, 1900, p. 348. 178 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Georges van Rye (Dr. d’Avoine) Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand, 1849, tab. 239. Goethe (Haage & Schmidt) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1878, p. 371-378. Goliath (Souchet) Tilus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. I. 1857. Harry Veitch (Lemoine 1890), nanceianus var. Garden 41:190. 1892. Henri Vautier (Lemoine 1898), nanceianus var. Revue hort. 71:404. 1899. Henry Irving Revue hort. 71: 111, fig. 2. 1899. Horace (Souchet 1869) Flor. mag. 9, tab. 507-508. 1870. Imperatrice Eugénie (Souchet) Illus. hort. 14, tab. 504, fig. 1. 1867. Innocence (Vick 1883) Vick’s mag., Feb. 1885. Iris (Ragot) Revue hort. 85:35. 1913. Tsoline Tilus. hort. 6, tab. 227, fig. 2. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg., 1860, p. 128. Jacob (E. Aragon) Revue hort. 39:131. 1867. James William Kelway (Kelway 1911) Garden 76:437. 1912. Jean Ragot (Ragot) Revue hort. 85:35. 1913. John Laing (Lemoine) Illus. hort. 37:107, tab. 115. 1890. John Standish (Douglas) Flor. and pomol., 1872, p. 169. John Standish (Standish) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1863, p. 353- Flor. fruit and gard. misc., 1860, p. 231. Flor. mag. 1, tab. 36. 1861. John Waterer (Souchet) Illus. hort. 14, tab. 504, fig. 3. 1867. Julia (Kelway) Flor. mag. 7, tab. 405. 1868. Jupiter (Souchet 1871) Flor. mag. n. s. 11, tab. 43. 1872. King of Gladioli (Kelway 1905) Garden 70:6. 1906. Kleber (Lemoine 1890) Garden 41:190. 1892. Revue hort. Belge 18: 217, tab. 19-20, fig. 1. 1892. Konigen Wilhelmina _ Gartenflora 46, tab. 1437. Lady Alice Hill (Standish) Flor. and pomol., 1868, p. 241. Lady Muriel Digby (Kelway 1904) Garden 76:182, tab. 1449. I912. La France (Lemoine) Garden 30:76. 1886. L’ Alsace (Lemoine) Garden 30:76. 1886. Le Chamois (Souchet) Flore des serres 12, tab. 1246. 1857. Le Grand Carnot (Lemoine 1890), nanceianus var. Revue hort. Belge 18:217, tab. 19-20, fig. 6. 1892. GLADIOLUS STuUDIEs — I Leopoldii Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand 4:173. 1848. Le Pactole Revue hort. 63:568. 1891. Louis Van Houtte (Truffaut) Revue hort. 60:228. 1888. Madame Chauviere (Truffaut) L’hort. frang., 1851, tab. 19, fig. 1. Madame de Vilain Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand 3:51. 1847. Madame Dombrain (Souchet 1868) Flor. mag. 8, tabs. 463-464. 1869. Madame Eugéne Verdier L’hort. frang., 1856, tab. 20. Madame Ferdinand Cayeux (Lemoine 1900), Lemoinei var. Jardin, 1902, p. 216. Madame Furtado (Souchet) Flore des serres 7, tab. 697, fig. 4. 1851-52. Madame Herincq (Verdier pére) L’hort. frang., 1851, tab. 23. Madame Lemichez (Truffaut) Flore des serres 7, tab. 697, fig. 5. 1851-52. Madame Leseble (Souchet) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1863, p. 353.- Flor. mag. 1, tab. 36. 1861. Madame le Vicomtesse Vilain Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand 3:51. 1847. Madame Pele (Souchet) Flore des serres 12, tab. 1246. 1857. Madame Riviére L’hort. frang., 1853, tab. 20. ~ Madame Rougier L’hort. frang., 1853, tab. 20. Madame Vilmorin (Souchet) L’hort. frang., 1864, tab. 23. Mademoiselle Olympe Lescuyer L’hort. frang., 1856, tab. 20. Mademoiselle Sosthenie (Truffaut) Revue hort. 25:41. 1853. Marechal Fabert (Lemoine 1899) Jardin, 1900, p. 348. Marie Lemoine (Lemoine), Lemoinet var. Amer. gard. n.s.1:5. 1882. Garden 17:306. 1880. Revue hort. 51:330. 1879. Marot Revue hort. Belge 13:227, tab. 23. 1887. Marquis de Saporta (Lemoine 1886) Revue hort. 63:568. 1891. Marquise de Pompadour (Leveau, Loise 1866) Revue hort. 38:8-9. 1866. Masque de Fer (Lemoine) Garden 30:76. 1886. Mathilda Revue hort. 71:111, fig. 3. 1899. Mathilde de Landevoisin (Souchet) + Illus. hort. 6, tab. 227, fig. 6. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg., 1860, p. 128. ~ Milton (Souchet) Flor. mag. 5, tab. 315. 1865. Mr. J. W. Lane (Standish) Flor. mag. 3, tab. 123. 1862. 179 180 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Mrs. Bates (Kelway) Garden 15:240. 1879. = Mrs. Beecher (Childs 1893), Childsti var. - Garden 48:420. 1895. Mrs. Dombrain (Standish) Flor. mag. 2, tab. 77. 1862. Mrs. Marshall Flor. mag. 20, tab. 465-466. 1881. Mrs. Moore (Standish) Flor. mag. 1, tab. 36. 1861. Mrs. Reynolds Hole (Standish) Flor. fruit and gard. misc., 1861, p. 289. Mrs. Standish (Standish) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1863, p. 353- Flor. fruit and gard. misc., 1860, p. 321. Mons. Ch. Henry Revue hort. Belge 13:227, tab. 23. 1887. Monsieur Domage L’hort. frang., 1853, tab. 20. Monsieur Legouve Flor. mag. 8, tab. 463-464. 1869. \ Monsieur Vinchon (Souchet) Flore des serres 12, tab. 1246. 1857. Napoleon III (Souchet) L’hort. frang., 1864, tab. 23. Neogenes (Kelway) Flor. mag. 13, tab. 102. 1874. Ne Plus Ultra Garden 17:156. 1880. Nestor (Souchet 1870) Flor. mag. 11 n. s., tab. 3. 1872. Neue Bleue (Lemoine 1890), Lemoinez var. Revue hort. Belge 18:217, tab. 19-20, fig. 7. 1892. Newton (Souchet) Flor. mag. 6, tab. 364. 1867. Oberpresident von Seydenwitz Gartenflora, tab. 1268. Ophir (Souchet) Tilus. hort. 6, tab. 227, fig. 7. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg., 1860, p. 128. Oracle (Souchet) Illus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. 6. 1857. Oriflamme (Lemoine 1887) : Revue hort. 60:228. 1888. Orion (Haage & Schmidt) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1878, p. 371- Orphee (Souchet 1869) Flor. mag. 9, tab. 507-508. 1870. Our Little Lucy (Standish) Flor. and pomol., 1866, p. 65. Pactole (Lemoine), Lemoine var. Illus. hort., 3'7:107, tab. 115, fig. I. Parure (Lemoine 1898), nanceianus var. Jardin, 1900, p. 348. Patens Flor. journ. 3:177- 1842. z Paul Marguerite (Lemoine), Lemoinei var. Illus. hort. 43:345, tab. 70. 1896. Pegase (Souchet) - Illus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. 3. 1857- Phebus (Souchet 1871) Flor. mag. 12 n. s., tab. 63. 1873. * - GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I - President Carnot (Lemoine 1889) ' Illus. hort. 37:107, tab. 115, fig. 4. 18g0. Revue hort. Belge 18:217, tab. 19-20, fig. 3. 1892. Prince Imperial (Paulin) - WL’hort. frang., 1862, tab. 20. Princess Mathilde Garden 17:156. 1880. Professeur Lambin (Lemoine 1891) Revue hort. Belge 18, tab. 19-20, fig. 2. 1892. Queen Mary (Kelway) — Flor. mag. 17, tab. 295. 1878. Queen Maud (Kelway 1908) Garden 76:182, tab. 1449. I9gI2. Queen Victoria (Plant) Flor. cab. 6:264. 1838. Randle Jackson (Standish) Flor. mag. 4, tab. 184. 1864. Raphael (Lemoine 1897), mancetanus var. Jardin, 1902, p. 216. Rebecca (Souchet) Illus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. 7. 1857. Regnerus Bruitsma (Dr. d’Avoine) Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand, 1849, tab. 239. Reine Victoria (Souchet) Illus. hort. 14, tab. 504, fig. 2. 1867. Rembertus Dodonaens (Dr. d’Avoine) Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand, 1849, tab. 239. Reverend W. Wilks (Lemoine) Illus. hort. 3'7:107, tab. 115, fig. 2. 1890. Robert Lodge (Douglas) Flor. mag. 10, tab. 556. 1871. Rosea Maculata Garden 34:580, fig. 4. 1888. Rosy Gem Garden 34:580, fig. 2. 1888. Schwaben (Pfitzer) Revue hort. Belge 38:377. I9gI2. Sir George Nares (Kelway Flor. mag. 17, tab. 296. 1878. Sirius (Haage & Schmidt) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1878, p. 371. Sir James Clarke Flor. mag. 5, tab. 266. 1865. Sulphureus (Souchet) Illus. hort. 4, tab. 154, fig. 2. 1857. Tall Blue Bul. Roy. Soc. Toscana Ort. 22:112, tab. 5. 1897. Thecla (Haage & Schmidt) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1878, p. 371. The Fairy Garden 17:156. 1880. Triomphe de Louvain (Carolus) Ann. Soc. Roy. Hort. Gand 1, tab. 353. 1845. _ Triumph von Hietzing (Lesemann) Illus. Gart. Ztg. 14:209. 1889. Ulysse (Souchet) Flor. mag. 8, tab. 419. 1869. Undine (Haage & Schmidt) Deut. Mag. Gart. u. Samenkunde, 1878, p. 371, fig. 4 Valleda (Souchet) Illus. hort. 6, tab. 227, fig. 4. 1859. Illus. Gart. Ztg. 1860, p. 128. 181 182 CorRNELL ExTENSION Van Gagern Flor. fruit and gard. misc., 1851, p. 193. Van Speyke Garden 17:156. 1880. Venus (Plant) Flor. cab. 6:264. 1838. Vesta (Souchet) Flore des serres 12, tab. 1246. Vicomte de Narcillac (Verdier pére) L’hort. frang., 1851, tab. 22. Victor (Plant) Flor. cab. 6:264. Voltaire Revue hort. Belge 13:227, tab. 23. Wilhelm IIT Revue hort. 71: 111, fig. 1. W. Watson (Lemoine 1891) 1857. 1838. 1899. Revue hort. Belge 18:217, tab. 19-20, fig. 4. BULLETIN 9 : ee INDEX SPECIES* ‘ Acidanthera: PAGE Gladiolus (continued) : PAGE PERMA HORA AUIS 1c. oat a,a)< ot) ana ws Sos do se ass ohare 103 LATE, 1ST: ER a Pe 104, 118 Breyuunuss So ess ss swe 98, 104, 120, 125 E REP ITIMAR og Porc us NSC a ore wee. de Ss wk Hae oe 155(2) LEpefecintriccr hgaes 8 ae ogee de ete, La an 102, IIo alatus.....97 (2), 101, 104, 105, 106(3), I10, 117 SPIES esa bia toe ties Pe x re caro eae 1n2, 110 ; 125(2), 137, 154, 155(2) PY WRUIES Ahh Pe cio 22 %,c me a'e'sie,e Be a Ie 107 MAMAGUEHSISS: 2S. .% << 3. 07, 105(2), II10, II7 byzantinus. .96, 98, I04, 105, I10, 117, I2I, 124 TOT G2 SS Sa Se Shee eng ee 104 125, 128, 154, 155(3) MR oa Stal 2 acini: shojo oS» 5,2 oa ee 104 PYRAMIOBNS Pree tere oc aie ie Se. k win ae we awe 104(2) TM RAs We ried CLL hy aces res bow nde avert oes 128 Reymentg Tee ee seas. sie cal ia sl daw a ote eet s 154 LTS Se Ee en ahs 104, I17 alatawrsise so ote eee dnt 103, II0 ROP ehh 2 lois ctv = <,<'pee a nists eee a 107 PUES eg Ee Fats Bes wan we a Lao wince cae 104 DESI, eran renee bon ae 104 CRM DAMMIT RS rho os, oft ot, 052s ome 104, 117, 138 I EOURARIP Soe 8 as aimee ate ewe ae BERS 97, 107(2) anne rast ors tras feta Fas oe we Ce cra'spcraeneae rs 145 SIREESIPPIEMES cE ces eet? hake Meni os eee L 104 CATT NESS oe ee OM eis BSlaro ale a etal haloes 145 “OTITIS Cae A I07 HAL DARIAN he ores, NS on Ns oe aha Solaire siete 07, 107 JUDE ee oe ae eee ee Ce ‘.. IO4 cardinalis..... 98, I0I, 106, III, 118, 125(2), 139 EIS a i a A a 107(2) 154(2), 155(3), aes RIS Ree aon ee CIR A Sele sieisia ss Oe Seed ee 107(2) BAG GES ses Lhe Soros es cverevaids edi eyes MMR VEINSN rs, eS esos Seo aos 102(2), 104 SeAN ERNST ert ta, Slate i ont ea foo cahcusi na telntv mr saa a TE Ao ee es Ser rere cee 104 PAERAIGS 35 ge ee SP re eee Fe oa ete See ee 104 CONGROT SLOSS Dd BC e ae oe HORE 104, 144 GaniratHte ac) ee evade seek nate ee 103 IDET Ee ME ae nk ote aii aos Rete 104 COPA eee Taio ie ee tlaw saree See 104 Crnetiss pee sea se sae ees arose 102, III PEASSHONUS EG oUt hoes - wheels motels roc, IIr PFESIASUTTUS hore 2 ees ool - ele cee eee ete 104 EISSN eh eee Rene oe cae eo eC ee 107 REALE wrote oh sols Sins Nie lets aos ee wale oaks be ee 107 CTUMEHEAS ates mos paie aee we IOI, III, 118, 140 CRNONME = Ce opie ose ek See week ee 97, 107 cuspidatus. ..98, 99, 104, 105, 106, I11, 118, 141 CMSHONUS!.. 2s. cos Sees s oekis cee III, 118 ventricosus....... 98, 104(2), 107(2), III, 118 CUSDUAOUS HIPS a ae a jel ge ee 104, 118 PVCIGCAT PIS S, ccd sche waste telat eo sia ge ees eet 103 cay tad DARTS Oya Sitar ie ee eicas te ees eB 103 DACRE ee ore GAO cee Eee 143 GALHIUSIONS. 5.0 oz wo SE Se oc sls Se See 104 Geiitlicn eos ea tea eo neh soot 100, IIT HOCIICHSIE Ko aeS8 eo Cee ars see Se 103, III decorates. 70 es ee bene ee eects 102, IIt HeIsdes = o.. Coach See Oe an eee ee EM ek ae III Belicatis scree EL een eh wees ree see eee 147 GeHSIHORUIS) 5 .2¢hokis Garcons eee red sats oe 103 GERUCULTLUS 5.0 io siciae sd Se OR Ce Re 107 ASEBROLOMIUS 30:2 Dic aoe iene, be Sateen LOD. MESHICHUS. oa nc ae Coon oes v eae Come 107 dracocephalus ....... IOI, III 118, 141, 141, 147 DrEsCi et cas 2 2c Pee eee cee e eee IOI, IIt AUS rn ROS ard Seta a toh PUES 104(2) ckdont se sake d= Sechelt e 109, 104, III Sa ee ee eRe, Lo are 98, IOI, III PUES FANG he tes Shao aoe i ite Pose = ETO 105, I17 PIED ASIS So cle cle Ste wie eo iia co olae ae i oe 103, III otieece wan nee eee eee eee 100, III Pilots. 0 Gees os. «oo Os cp oan es wee eee 103 PLONEOLUS Vo isco ie te ster gee ae eS 98, 105, 107 CUSSIGUMS 2G hone Nac: ape ices ow eer 105 CQUMAMS OP tora oa he Slats ake We Shake aoe 105, I17 prechillorus. < © ce 2S cisacoe eae. 109, IOI, III EXPCISIOR se cc 22 ER On re ic oa as ole Dea 148 CXLOSESE eee te ee ee ee ne 105 PLESSIS: cn ete eee oe PR ee ieee Ge pie 107 CxscR DUS. oe Be ice oto ancl teva aes f 107 GDYSESEERET ce Go ihie. 2 Sane Stns a ee EOE 107 ICORUS Sz oo FSG cee Ss RE Ie cee oie see 107 PRASCSINUS J feta there iar Noon See Pee 105 JESNIIUS cote ake cide Ate Rees Bs o£ eae 105 LASSEIOUUS Oa de oo et es eo 107 FISTULAS ee tee eres Oe ene ee 107 REDE Eis) a0 eerie ce emer eee 105, 142 Mlanaganics 500 Sosa eet eee 103, III EAUUS = See ooh os 8 ante ie ete acer os wie Oe 107 MEXHOSUSS 5 te) oo oe oes Oe eee 103, III eSUOSUS RR sos ee Ie ee RR eee 97, 107(2) jlore alba’ (orialho) 26 ,-cee acl ee a oe 96, 124 Horenmbtae oy licwic Chase Ri nete ie a eee alos een III tlOTE TUVONNE Scheie tes OE So Oe ee ee 96 PlOre: SUBVE:TUDENIE: 2-38 202 aS ee ee 124 flon bunds tro cee an oie eee eee 154 floribundus..... 98, 100, 105, III, 118, 125, 128 129, 155(4), 156 floribundus So 8 Ce PEt, RN ARO ee 105, 142 floribus uno versu dispositis..........-+-+ 124(5) (fOLSESERSS{ OF MEDUS 2 oe ne tae ie a oe 96 folits linearibus............. sy SEES cio 06 FOTMOSISSiIMUS oy ees 149, 155, 156 FOTIMOSUS™ c < LGore AL te ELA Se ees ON OE IOI, III FOVINOSWS > oiled an, 5 is wt ato ante eke ele ote = fate 105 traprans: Ae ee en Oe Ea ets eee oes 149 PRCT CS oo oe on aa en ge oe ele pl = ae ao rok 154, 155 START ANS ae «ree ris to PO oe fe son si nee 107 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Gladiolus (continued): “ PAGE frimiculafa-oo ot So oe ee os esas selegs Sey FUSCO=VITIGIS) cy.;.2/8 he ae eS Saves ao ea CRIA S SEs oR Ae ee 105, 107, 117, 155 Baltctensts. 2 oo. 5 oc. ss 2 a % 02 Scie ee 105 gallacensis ts: © 4.'. 25 «5.7%. ae . LOg sabre Pandavensis ...°.5 3. - oe ae See 128, “149, 156(3) citrinus <2). 20.5... <:5 5 tee Pa 129 Garniert \s j55 6. sos os ee 102, 112 Garntertt.. . 2.0 3ss 6. oe eee 107 PAaATUaANUS. .6. cise cee ee ee 103, III Gawler. 2. o.0. 0. 6s) os eee oe eee 103 Gawler?..,. 5.35505. oo). as oo 8 ee eee 105 gazensis 2) 4..25. 0... . feoes eee 103, I12 germanicus. |... ... <2. 3.5. cee 103 Plaucus. sss Sk es eee 103 SIUMACEUS... ace 5s w+ Jala op 2 107 Gogtzet vas Fc oe = aera iter .103, 112 PYACIIS 650, 0/c\oe ees ee 97, 99, Tos, "106(3), II2 BVAOAUS. sashes 2 Os ee eee eee Pee ey gracillimus < ), #'3.. ee coe «io oo gOS ae PIGMINEUS Thi so win Aa Peers o\e sce» 2 ali grandiflorus Suet idses seat ee .105, 118 Prandis. <<. 2). - 97, 99, 104, 105(2), 106, 107, I12 ; IIQ, 142 Grantit 00.0. 305 Soccer 102, 112 RIELATIUIS 25. ee ores owe be Oe 102, I12 GUGINBL. 2 oc oT. Ook ee vee 105 Guepini 2022 o.6 . see Ae ee 105 halophilus'.. =.:)., 2. tas Seen eee 112, 121 Hanningtonts. i... s°ssee— eee 149 Herbertianus. 07... «ai <<.» «sia cir) eee 149 Herbertit'.:52..3...405 < oc viniys oe ee 128 heterolobus :. =... % ae «5 oe yee eee 155 hirsitus. ... 2 97, 100, 104(3), 1¢5(2), 106(2), II2 IIg, 128, 155, 156 TOSEO 00s oes oe 2 gas 2 ee fs WS7 SUS... is capes sas oe le eee I05 VOSEUS s. 355.30 ois 3.5 a4 0s, oe en 119 RSIS © 5. ova 60 eee oe sh cee eee fea Dos hispanicus florealbo .... :.% «ls -cameeeeee 123(2) BUMS 2.0.66 Ko oe wis nk He eee Li2, 125 Hyalinds 65,2 cs Teh oc ae 97, 100, 106, 112 hygrophilus.... 222s ws « o,00:- 2» oe 105 ilivrsiods= =o 104(4), 105, 106(2), I12, I2I Reuteri 2 =: o:...: 33 s%2dekee ee 106(2) imbricatus....... 96, 98, 104, 105(4), Ic6(5), 112 I2I, 124, 125 inandensis =... =. <<. 2s -s~oo se eee 99, II2 ENGTIMENSES «25 Ds ww a oo ss eee 105, 121 incarnatus. ws). ..sss+¢s.> Se eee 149 snclinatus... 2.050. 03 osc o eee ee 108 INCONSPICUUS: J i.-0\.5 4. 5st ee ee 103 SNMALTOUS 2 6 5. Sn di ogenmyaieic sis w oh e,bheie area 108 SNFESIUS: |. Hos de clas ne A eee 105, 121 inflatius:--.s.- 2: 98, 100, IOI, 105, 106, 112, 156 blandus.. . ... Hoc secede oe ee 128 infundtbuliformis.. =... i 22.556 + cs Ss ee 105 GLADIOLUS Gladiolus (continued): PAGE BASINS: Sieh aco 0, za ea Stece itaga ae See erecta ers 99, I13 PIRI GH te tats is oie st pelo Coke ohehe we 103 EELS eres hen oto crest ircy at ehagatsl bigs Ie ois > 108 BIUROSE LS ats c's Des clots ix Xero nl «, notte ota 102, I13 TERI EO ec EN a ce ae or AS ek En 108 EICHEt. 52 oc eo BN ate cos Sera ate IOI, 102, 113 PRESEN SETA 58 21a SIN cc ctanel eS er ovcre wrk. 3elatoay Bhersias 133 LU SPTTTE va Coy eg Oe Dr A ee 132, 150, 158 LE ECT ie a, Re NON) ne ee Raa ae 105 PEREETENT IVES Soot tects Stel yes to Se aetis gies ee a 105 WRTECUS ri NTS oahu os he oe oS, as ase a 105 MOSUL UZ hohe Ne ctha's o esets, Nahr ni dicta eins Stee aes 156 REPRE E PUES Soy sect oot Cook ys erckoertet hac eo teas s 105 1G ert 20) ELTA ge See 1G3, 113 1, EGPCS, SG 2 a OS ee PM ae = 108 hed iy2 SS Ae ee ae ia i Sa ea ne a i PO 103 CIEL POST Sates ieee oe Sp chayS ete Pee ema e 128 OE ee Te OOO EDO ee 1c8 “ALBIS TTEE Ie ae ea eo ae eA ee PMD Pas CE 103 MATIRERCOMBS Hote oc 3), Cio ns, Sues he ate oO avaserene eae 108 ors. Sachs eco swanide dabete fone: 108(4) RM nS ahe oat Mace ee eos ue era tee Re 150 [CEG i aR Se negara: ADs ad 108 MIEDISCROL TSE iets S oo ss ko ee dete 105, 121 COTE SILEE, ISTE Ee ee Pes 100, I13 ReMENTEAS EAS es see ceie 2 tao Sins ohn tas Po eae oe Ee 106 DRMEGEUE ath los ode Poe Seve eo = ya 96 PEUNEEETES OSU Bsc 97, 106, 108 purpureo-auratus./.......... 100, II4, 120, 143 BVO RrISoe. peat ir oo Oss ie eee 132 DUP DULEM STE EAs OG ORR ere ee Oe 108 DULPAKEUS MINOT. yoke Seo ea econ Bee 96 PURO IMIEUS Ne) oe hgh ee ake Pak e ote eatenct haters 108 DIT GIBEGGIS Se 20 oP ee OR, ee <9 a Wine 108(2) GUAGLONGUIETISS. doe: os ee 97, 108 Quartinianus...... 102(3), 104(2), 105(2), 106(5) 107, II14, 143 (uilimanenSists .)<4,.h ison. 5 tek we Lee 103, II4 FACIE FOTUS er ON-0 sede alennn coe oeenertnd 99, II4 186 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Gladiolus (continued): PAGE Gladiolus (continued) : PAGE ~ ISTIC SEA Oe Se Att Ot On pies eet Oat 106 subbiflorus.... - Soto sitve, © &sgahtetiiee ne ee 106 LAMIOSISSINIUSL a7. abel aes ast aes he eee ele aati 152 Subalatus...8.% seen. eet ee eee 103, II5 EATHOSHS)..ccch.7., Some sone aoe 127, 128, 152, 156(4) |. SUBDULGUUS. wien sos SO bee OL ee 109 KOEMOSUS © eke eS itt eae a 97, 106, 108(2) SUICALUS £3. yards oo ek eo ne | pee 106 recurvus..97(2),98,99, 104(2), 105(2), 106(3), 107 SuIpHHreus! Soo. ea c save hah ours ane eae LOZ rey DLA L202 5 2). 0A 2 kA SULDAULEUSS.... {Agee s,s 1,8 Sacske ae ee 109, III WECULUUG, ors stone cash et, van ee eae 108(2) SNITOSIF ESS oone petcal doe se tesco ae ea Bees: Far, 122(2) PEAUCLUS HORS op SRP Te Gad ato tcote oe aaneto ee pie 103 tab ularis.s c.g so eta ta 2 re ae 99, II5 TERED. Spiers tte Ge ihe Pits coe ok ones heey 108 FADULETIS 8 3s. on see se en 106 RESLIECLUS Hectic ntee ee ie eee eee oe ake Tatbertianus: . 2. 3. eee 103, T15 RE Heri amaals tes sence eee crete es oa hs nce eee 100, II4 Daylortanus. . let Se ee 106 _ TET OCIND AS ot eer et eb eit a ae 103 LLP ER. sree S. ois, ss rive wee ow ee ee 106 TESUOSPENDIUS Rone diene oe He 109 Mem plemantiaenne. oh ee “Pig Cee 106 ROTEL er PME aire em ee oS Sara orae era Tore 106 TENEMIS:@ 5 S25 Souci an aa Mean ae 97, 99, 106, I15 PIB CSCET Se. Mente Mens suet ao 8 orale ten aie ae ee 103 LENUEMOTUS. - 4) ojos ots aks oe 106 TIGA OMUS eres coe teen OEE, cite eerste eneone tae 103 TOMWIS: Se ciocse es ogee eee eee 100, 115 rigidus Ee eg BW Pee RN Rae S Melee on Pepe es 153 LENUIS ES a nsetdte ca Pues > Deke ne 106(2) FLUREN Sees erat hoe ye itp ane we 106(2), 109, 120 PESEGCEUS . 5 2.3 'o) sk osc ts ates 109 URTALALUS i tas one ee Seaham ae 106 MThomsont cf .t oes os ee eee 102, 115 EO ELSIE Ale lows tiare siete remand ocean ane 100, II4 Thun Der ot 302k ts ads ee 106, 109 OSE AnCATMEG Yer tee re oul cite cece nae area 156 LESTUMUS fic cee evi abtsie eo atoms Oo 106 FOSCOMIDUS he Fatt es ee Se EET Om 109 trichonemifolius .......... 98, 99, 104, 105, 115 TOSEO-PULPULEUS! s-Fay ome Faisal i=l 109 VENOSUS2. Dace isd Oe ony ee 109 spathaceus~ .. 0... 6-0-2 2s 199, 104, I15 WENEVECOSUS ws. 5 sa sos is Ua bo ee aoe Wee SPathaceus... . -. 02 vee st ep aoe 106 VEMNULOSUIS) << tiescrnsteterce ke ae a eee 103, IIS SPOLMEGEUS)« o1-\--0) = re: boo ots aa ooe sarod 109 Werdickiti. 5. tececlietace jibe oe eee 103, II5 Spatialatusiea, «pes staersersecvaer cere es IOI, II5 NEV SILOLOT ae es ee 97, 107, II9,. 154 SPECLOSHS Hts oer Fiero Perea Crain ens tnes tac mic 98 vexillare. P.yahwctt sens ho tee 103 t IS PECLOSUSE As poe < S ato “ 106(2), DL, LES Victorialis’ 60-22 fi) a0) Sade os este T3as.05a spectabilis.--.:.:...- PSO ASS le NSO EC 103 BIMOSTUSCULUS ss, oc )o 8 toss be OS 107 Spicatuse st wpe eee oe PIR en BER niece 115 DILLOSULUS . Seas sve sss cles a ee ee 109 ISPEGCALUS Ho oa ees) Sinks ja teeters So See 96, 109(2) villosus. .96, 97, 08, 100, 105(3), 106(3), 107, 116 spilanthus......... UPD nt Wire, He octet 106(3) villosus. .. feicNae Soe 109(2) SHE OLS rea rane) delegate ee tenet ae 106, 121 DNULUS To, he eo sk Bn in eee 107 ) splendens. . SF RANE See aN een TOT wlO2. Ens UIOLG COUS wo vn chance ee ee 107, 120 ISPICHMENS rer oto anlse-tcle PS 5 ons F .106, 109 PEPELALWS >. 208s acgedeent ayes eed vo eee 97, 107 + Splendidus reat.) See ee TES, 153 DIL ESGENS voc ite! ool vue ne aes et ce 107 . Spottont Nawus. secs cee ee ee Serie ree . 153 WINE DES Se fs vc 5 peer ord ie A ee 97, 109 DUET PEEL IIL aie ove vers bein eee ee 109 vittiaCensiS; /; .¢<+20 +2 aa co oe T4s5 ess Sbaltdbil 2.0... Pay AAS en A cid 103, II5 VIbGAEUISs fi. cern (os eee 100, 105, 106, 107, 116 Sfenopovlus cause Ho: et ere RIAL O58 ILD UIDs ek He ee eae Oe SC etek bse ee 107 SLENO PAY LLUS are Seven oa ee te 109 WOMETCUIS 2 e. Ma es ee ete “08, 99, 105, 106, I16 SPernit®s 5..< tee ne cor ee ae enanentesee reo 153 Watsonioides.. stn). ne Cale = Stee 109 SCOLONTLETOUS. «os, Be esta tebe a Tecate 109 Watsonius. 2.54.0 oi cee ere ie ae 97, 105, 154 SEEIAtUs |. stare coeie Bt Ree a re 100, 105, 115 Watsontus:'(— 03% ot ue com cite ee eS 109 ISEYEULUS cue ont sae ie eA Teens - 106, 109(2) WelwstSCHit. 3.0e ask ane 2 102(2), 107 © PSERECE VOL US = (ees che een omnes eho mle 109 Wihyter on. oe ele acter eee 103, 116 | BEmCLUS .1cc Natdscaa tee eit Soheeaeal= or keene 99, 115 Walhhelmus <4. < cit sys scape tee eee 156 SEPECLUS ois cs fovea TAC Ae Cee nei ete ee 106, 109 Wiallmoreamts:: 5.26... -.< jon acters eos Ree E29, 258 : q SAEMUCOLENS Poe. cone acs el, Potters thes eee 98, 106 iGO Ca hoo ay: ake tn, els en hae 99, I16 Subaphyllussc).0 aeeiciy neBom mictiene wees a LOR ids xanthospilus.....«...- oot Face sla. eae aera 109 e GLADIOLUS STUDIES — I 187 Gladiolus (cont:nued): PAGE | Synnotia: PAGE 7 (DE TC ENE TEE OR SS es re ey i er 102, 116 ENCOIOTI A yr eeene ier ee Me he Maen a eee 107, 109 SPREE DATIOUS a. 420 028 Shen ona haere tes 116 Plane Ae Sea Soe ee coc tae eae eae 107 Hebea: : Tritonia: TTT MAS a Rar Sa ae ce ee eee 117 ACT mee fet ete BS Ae RES Mota SEI 109 Hesperantha GEIS ae ee ae He SI ae 107, 108(2) EMS MEE Fae alc ror otity 2, 1808p Sunt > Sod ne RES 108 Ga Lanta ee ie cee Nee coe ee Te 107 Homoglossum BE Ee CON Glee Sk sien ae uel ees Oe Ee 107 BISA eae os Sie tate eaare cP elon. nauay ats Piss ard tah 108 TEE ge RC Gp’ nl 30 ae CES eee ey 108, 109 Ixia: ich eee Slot see Che Pas eee ene 108 pee oirr ah ahaha S822 Facet na ede DMe:* ssenw's fons Oo DARI taal tet ee Pee eee ee. tidy ho uae 108 Burmanni.........--.-----.-2-+-+++-5-5 107 Pottsita. 2 Banik oo ee eee ae we ia eee 108 OSES TRISE ol 2k SE ee ae ee ee ase 108 WAS R eel es ee oT oe OL 107, 109 PMMA GAs 8) Sn Stal oan duane, vd Ae oe, wee 108 ETS, a if LETITIA een ae eco a eter 107 Bs eon. Rie, ona te et es ia Reaceexnnaid: SS lan peg oe nomae ae Gs pcan BORE se ; LST DT ESSE i Phy au ie a eins ade 107 al Soe FP micite oe eee es ee an aes 107(4) AERO ES ere tata ra eae 107, 108 HISS72) 12h oe Gh ae i lA a ao 107(2) brevifolia ....-..-. 00.1... sees eee Eig PISTOLS A hr ieee ae a 107(2), 108(4), 109 humilis ..............-...5...05- 107, 108, 109 SUG eres Se ek ES ele ry erate eRe 109 METIANUS... 1 1 ee ee ee eee eee 109 Lomenia: PIG MONA ee rome Sey ens Soe a Sy yh oe ree 108 SURG T RCs Eee GOES eee Sere 108 BA TIAT CE acre Cer tee eR ee See 108, 109 Melasphaerula: cs) ie Eyre ie iy Webs eRe see A eh MENS er he 108 senrierge | Bey ae eel ee ee 97, 107, 108 Ma Peig ENO Remegeioee te MeN dk Ppt neg Bs ah eS tl 107, 108(2) Meristostigma: POLL EOE Sere te een B i Cote Ae © Star Seyret 120 LET A Le EE Be ee Serie ort 108 Diantagimeatl as aoe A ot 97, 107, 108(2), 109 Moraea DUNC LATA Sees ee. dct 107, 108, 109(2) aC AMR A Srey eb! , ofboth ou phe 108 CECUINE Creer iy etd ss he ee 120 Salemoneus 7 FOSPAEY foe Se hPa oes eiceh okie Sols 107, 108, 109 LAIR SE 26S Rene eM wes eee ee eg 107 SOIGATAS.Y ecko Bist aroats oeeisiee es 96, 107(2), 109(2) Sphaerospora : SEEN ct SPAIN Sonn hla anit cic nt ye Ae he ee ae ee 109 MIRON BES ATO. he geo aca el whe e\>!s aye: o> vie 121 : GROUPS OF VARIETIES PAGE PAGE SERPS AERIS terete tee Ui < Rodna 8 etre age nalenas ee as EGOUM aN CMEAT Sart oil Sc Eek ve ce ee a een 157 Cayeux et belOlerc’s* 0.20. firm es TSA Ors peat tys oo) le IRICHATUS WER hes od bd Oe 2 hey ee ene ona pa 157 OSES GISY 5 EN a a ee I4 SIE (as eZee Wy OC Ia ete Re cee ene peed Waa pale. TG 132 SHLE Soe Ub Ee eee SO ae ares DIC MORRIE SLinssaee POS ee are a SE are eee 131 SERIE SS ee ES ae eig | mn na ee ee es nc als Leck. S = Sir ye cay Shere io alos. 130 LE EER LCEIETS «gta an Ot Real eer ER ea re T3Db ew BrCier eC PNSENG) Seka Suc ae ct eee ee 131 PaER OME ne ee it Be ee gan ice ws He 0 al) MEN @ Ge! ‘ype SNE Seay Se a AE airanee AY 2 ee oie 159 HORTICULTURAL TYPES PAGE ) PAGE [ENE Di ty oes BAS Ui A at eerie Cage j4 a Pbanepranae pate oe eh tae eo 135 (23 SLES TA 1 a ee me ie fy Rb Teh.) Lenipmenbwprigs -08. oi 2st ofl cle wlecs : 133, 150 mmMestt HYVDHOS. .. owe oe ee be ee 133} £A5, ROOT ANanceianys Mybrids.-5 >. 6: cows sk ote So ee 133 PeAcHeepbalus Hybrids: -...)2.... ac. 22 oe aes NIC. heal | wl Eaae Sle th tk al a i fc i con ee I5I PianlvPOLRe TCCOCES 7a... we ts Chee Senge HA Se th FECOECS Ahern ENR ho eke Aa, Nee w de 148 SNOT ese eo. |. Reese as saree ot TAG ese tanCepG ens ee nee oa eon tio Lah aie 4 shen 140, I5I LESBINSS SA ane eee Seca Oe a Soa cea 148 | Purpureo-auratus hybridus Froebeli. . bo ES? Giant- flowered Elvbritistetss. tice acs ee eae Rapa) weaned pict tot sek ee ee nt ee 160 Bel tietisty ED! TONG, . 2) hegre oat os Shae ele ae PRAT MAGEObIa issatn eee terest cles tioiea oes 133, 153 Glaieuls hatifs Ponts-de-Céais..............-. Bs5eleeWellsnptonrs tort esac ee. cae oacns 129, 154 Batters precoces,. with, Sts ene peasants ne Se oe 148 GROWERS MENTIONED PAGE PAGE ROR TERE RS eT farses io BAT arc ierdests others GA STATA 158 Cp lonlles See. eRe ae or esate wee, Mee 125, 146, 150 LEBNETS CC Sia ie een aaa anes 134 Wormleyeslamesvin cnt ta eee Ue ee 157 BET ERLENCC MV WASH DME sec): 2 ile os Shae fart oe 158 WSorereucrtenas er ates Sec, Connect ns hu, oat oes 130 ESD. eae eR eee, Ae ene 145, 148 GaweerAnhhue 2 ofoce Sons tishck whence 160(2) EeTee Gy UP ENOOAT oi. = 4 );k.g ie afoeee ale hac 158 SrasiaiaPoree.s oc acct tee. hays 2 ore 157(6), 158 EPO sie tates eek. De ees, acts Cae 128, 149, 153 Crawtord pMatthews.c4 ee bo ote ewie ooh 159, 160 See eOperiiona Gos). ites Seem oe ee 134 Cris Ce CODD I ey eee et nie ee. 158(3) MRRP te eres Po Bie eed clea So eth ane 130, 133 tis irae: Ca pig ee re tet ie hes wey een AY, 155 MERE POS Me oe tee re is Se IL hiss Se ee 155 EVES RRS cure a eo ST Me Are ae fs ie Rep oct oe 143 CETL URINE 7 i a 140, 143 Dammann eos. ean 2 3 133, 144, 153 Emer Stith GEOL PE ste. oly apo tit cls o oA Rey, ee Os 143 ITE WU craton te een Fe cee ees oe 157 EGER S eit settee co. coe as. Sa ee Kio 133, 153 TLE) oe Re are ena ee aa E20) 2051 ali GOderroy-LeDEUL a:2i2 os vs 4 wate cee wre 133, 145 188 PAGE Grealer 2 sc Na Ssoys olsen tieks fe oe eee 139 (rtth ED. VEL Arete eee Roale Seon ee Soto 160(2) Banos SASCHhmIGE.: 2 iS. o ctu clase one ae 133 iallocl: Go) Sons Wetec. atari etee ck csteces score 159 TAU G CL? OVS Elin fee chores here eee ae ee 146 WATSON RICHALG.* ein el -s eee 143 Henderson: Peter ss. 7.6 ee he me eee 153 Herbert, William’. 3......5, 126, 147, 149, 151(2) 152(2), 153(3), 155 Te Loyez baited fol chee See as 3 Bas ee ener ker areas 157 FIODKEL His eee es be ce cena 130, 145 outte pGouis vats 2). hee sk nl «lous 128, 149(3) OME MEd COt te rene es else aoe 155, 156 Eiydew| Gale etotatn Slices ec eee 157, 159 ACKER eee Comey tae ak Oat k dota tee 139 eel merciuem Mes eee ac a. s ed, en Cs elnare 132, 135 ini oinelOnite.: co Pecsts oe oye ten ee 143 A STRIG EME DPN & ee A er a i 133, 150 arsidlerd AS) Be. 2)-rsrcteealas Ae See eats ERE 160 iDarrYs bey n a gl B es ee eee ety Met meee na ee ere 155 UEZAST rely Fhe DUR tie tl a aS ERS =a aie TS 143 WetOHbhint aMiaKS (vaca Woe the, otk ep ce ee 133, 145 Lemoine, Victor... .132, 133, 135, 147(2), 150, I51 IGEWASOOCHMLACKIO. tats dion ook ta ode Neves a Meee 139 iDeoteleinehe ted Iie 3) CaN eee een amen Peeere sae te | i 5 128 ECOMPE EINE OLLCO Aan o cede asia de oe 150 TA WIE RATOD WGN oh 25) 445 nie Ss 5 sal eae 155 Wie iineye eG Site: Ae Ce eho ee ce 157(2 McMahon Bi I statistic wrens « eer ea eee 154 McTear, James FS) AO he 7 Sen ea Eee 157(5) Miakoysslacop™ a2 esteeo acc. Sates sore 150, 153(3) VEGI SE UMAR MPa cone ripes Sheen NO ein Serta aS 130 Waser Meets Reine te te reer ate 138 Miileri sy. oF OC Ata aee ree oot cee 145(2), 149 Maller wIPhilip =. tri maser we fs te 125, 138, 144(2) CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 9 Parkman, Francis ic. /5.2/..:sae ote ee Pince (Lucombe) & Co Porcher-Dionneaw...... 55.2. Se Prince, ess se bss 2 os Sh 2 weey Oe Rand). B.)Si, Jt. ose. ee eee Reinwardt. 0.102 o.,....\s02 see Richards; J.-S... =... 2)... :e aie be | ee Rifkogel...... jejaraiars 2 «sine + ele ROSSEGIS 5. oi sic eine Ss tn oars pander,/ Ci... tc. see too: Sladden,; J-:.....45...). 0 sane Ce Souchet, Eugéne . 2°! ..>2s4- 21. e ane Soulard 2.00) 1d). 50 cst one eee Spooner, W..H.. .: ... 9.0.20 -. Rae Sprenger. vis sek 0.216 be eee Standish, John = ...4..... 22/3. Strong & Spooner ° Strong, WiC... dos: sone eee meertne: Such, George. . 222. ca... 265) eee Thorburn, Grant: 25 21.8. ot eee Torcy-Vaunier.. 2.2 3k a Trefoux «5... sh. bs.b aes 2 ot od eee Traffaut fils... 0. 2+ ae eae oe ‘Tubergen,' C: G. van, jr... 5. <=)... 148 - Van Fleet, W Waughan . S002. 3.05. s Rene eee 152 Veitch &:Som. .25..0.5 0. oe ee I5r Verdier, Bugéne:;:..22.%...- 6 eee 131 Vick, James 20.055. ¢-255..25 se eee 158, 159 Washburn & Co... 3475s stk see eee 158 Wilder, Marshall P....0... 3. eee 155 Youell; Henry.” 2.5.0.5. a. he eee 145 a oe December, 1916 Extension Bulletin 10 Cornell Extension Bulletin Published by the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York A. R. Mann, Acting Director of Extension Service Gladiolus Studies —I] Culture and Hybridization of the Gladiolus Alfred C. Hottes Published and distributed in furtherance of the purposes provided for in the Act of Congress of May 8, 1914 ‘December, 1916 Extension Bulletin 10 Cornell Extension Bulletin Published by the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York A. R. Mann, Acting Director of Extension Service Gladiolus Studies —I] Culture and Hybridization of the Gladiolus Alfred C. Hottes Published and distributed in furtherance of the purposes provided for in the Act of Congress of May 8, 1914 PREFACE The data for this bulletin are based on the results of four years of work in the trial grounds of the American Gladiolus Society, and on conversa- tions and correspondence with many gladiolus experts. In 1913 question blanks were mailed to members of the American Gladiolus Society and to some of the growers in Europe. Much information was derived from this questionnaire. The writer wishes to thank the following for their assistance in this work: Mrs. K. Atkinson, The Flagstaff, Locksheath, Southampton, England Mrs. A. H. Austin, Wayland, Ohio B. C. Auten, Carthage, Missouri G. B. Babcock, Jamestown, New York J. G. Baker, Kew Gardens, England E. T. Barnes, Spencer, Indiana J. M. Bassett, Hammonton, New Jersey C. Betscher, Canal Dover, Ohio G. D. Black, Independence, Iowa A. P. Bonvallet, Wichert, Illinois Ernest Braunton, Los Angeles, California C. W. Brown, Ashland, Massachusetts W.C. Bull, Ramsgate, England Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California Montague Chamberlain, Wellesley, Massachusetts Madison Cooper, Calcium, New York Arthur Cowee, Berlin, New York Matthew Crawford, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio N. L. Crawford, Grafton, Ohio E. H. Cushman, Sylvania, Ohio ~ E. N. Fischer, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts E. T. Flanagan & Sons, Belleville, Illinois Maurice Fuld, New York City L. M. Gage, Wellesley, Massachusetts H. H. Groff, Simcoe, Ontario I. S. Hendrickson, Flowerfield, Long Island, New York Dr. C. Hoeg, Decorah, Iowa . E. Huntington, Painesville, Ohio B. Hutchinson, Haddonfield, New Jersey . H. Krelage, Haarlem, Holland . E. Kunderd, Goshen, Indiana . R. Macomber, Woodfords, Maine | Pa F. gal ay Moore, Northboro, Massachusetts Munsell, Ashtabula, Ohio W R of abel C7 Co benll©) . Pearson, National Botanic Gardens, Cape Town, South Africa ichardson, Woodfords, Maine IQI 192 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 10 Oo e Ruyter & Hogewonig, Noordwijk, Holland . E. Spencer, Woburn, Massachusetts . E. Stewart, Brooklyn, Michigan . S. Tait, Brunswick, Georgia .C. Thomann, Rochester, New York . H. Tracy, Wenham, Massachusetts . G. van Tubergen, jr., Haarlem, Holland . Van Fleet, Glenn Dale, Maryland . Watson, Kew Gardens, England B. F. White, Terryville, Connecticut W. W. Wilmore, jr., Wheat Ridge, Colorado Henry Youell, Syracuse, New York C. F. van Zanten, Hillegom, Holland C. Zeestraten & Sons, Oegstgeest, Holland Rane eee The writer has had valuable correspondence with many others, and regrets that each person may not be given due credit. ALFRED ©. Horres CONTENTS PAGE The gladiolus as a cut flower and as a garden subject.............. 195 Se rneRR EE BMS SAIL TUCMESGR 20. oes eT De acae< obs. He Raed 199 eeeniieers And their see A ce a es fee eS 201 men dike Mianwer OF Manne...» 65). 6) Sl ee ee Se ee ok 204 nema AIM AITIRTMEE CAM ISIS Se yg Sc nh dea de a wees 205 os SEES SOT Sa Ge ee a a eS a ie oe 208 be EST TT re go 0) 0 ee ge, ee ie a 212 Semen eriee HATPH ICU ALION SY Se SO oe Gn cl oe in oa ae ee 222 ERE TEST ing eo aed Ob ee A oa ES ee 222 (DALES REC LITT FI ere i ei 2 cea age NE 233 Pennies tor saproyemenh.s... 2 feos i Re a 2 Si 237 Rin weil, Spee 5 es chars os Be eh Cat sates eee Dh 237 The most-needed improvement: . : 0. 2. i yp. bee ree eee 240 Reman AEN TM ATILING SCCM 66 23 we cae eee 0 ee eS eed 241 EE dee cS ee OSS te ance SEO sae iat ie. 5 eed Se eRe 244 SaeeaiAp ae ALIS Ot AN ch Sy oon re ee. - Ge Mote Meets 248 REPENS os ig hn eR es Ge ea Se oe eRe | a es pe ee 249 MRAP EERIE 8 Ber a Sry Bn Dnt HE FLA SI are Me 251 Sip earie Siattitinl tenes oe 2 ne 2 pe cass oiwny 254 no TE hea PAS 22S te ae Peon ieee ries oY hci ae GRU ay gh Rey IRR et 256 ET a OA tac eae oe CARON te Shor Se tc ON ase gS ae Ne Ree ee 259 Eg Fa, the Seis ae). cy, VARRR Ceet ot Cae OP eae 270 193 | - GY « $2 INDOOR TYPE OF GLADIOLI NANUS VARIETIES: PEACH BLOSSOM (PINK) AND MODESTY (WHITE) oe) of. rie” 2 ee: GLADIOLUS STUDIES — II CULTURE AND HYBRIDIZATION OF THE GLADIOLUS ALFRED C. HortrTes THE GLADIOLUS AS A CUT FLOWER AND AS A GARDEN SUBJECT ““ Gladioli to cut, cannas for out-of-doors,” writes B. C. Auten. In the same strain ex-President Hendrickson (1911),! of the American Gladi- olus Society, writes: The gladiolus is essentially a cut flower, and will rival nearly any other in keeping qualities, as they can be kept fresh and beautiful after cutting for a period of five to ten days by changing the $ water daily and removing each day the withered blooms, it also helps to nip off the ends of the spike when changing the water. If the spikes are cut when the first two or three flowers have opened, the entire stalk will open out for us after it has been put in water. They are very adaptable to send tofriends at a distance, as they will arrive in excellent condi- tion if just a little pains are taken when shipping. If we want to do this the spikes should be cut when the first flower opens, and put in water in the cellar or cool place for two or three hours, so they can take up a good drink, after which they will stand the journey of two or three days, and when placed in water will quickly respond and unfold their gorgeous petals. Miss Re Shore (r911) speaks further of the gladiolus as a cut flower. She writes that they are “ best with their own foliage and in tall, slender, clear glass vases. bles SReHiAL SeAGHTe TAT ao. S i wc hae caus their credit is that they Pace so wanes sobs do not fall to pieces Soft creamy yellow in color with a brilliant red tongue on the lower ~ = petals. This is one of the slender-stemmed varieties, and lends itself in the house. particularly well to all manner of arrangement 1 Dates in parenthesis refer to bibliography, page 259. 195 196 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 10 Groff (1906 b) gives the following excellent suggestions for the care of the cut blooms: Cut the spike when the first flower opens and place in water without overcrowding. Remove the terminal buds soon, as this checks stalk development and throws the strength into the larger and earlier maturing flowers. The end of the stalk should be shortened and the water renewed daily with frequent cleansing of the vases. In shortening the stalk cut diagonally, to insure free absorption of water by the spike without the contamination and obstruction, caused by sediment, if cut at a right angle. re Blooming the spikes in the shade of room or piazza modifies the field colors, from bright shades and tints to delicate flushes and shadings, and also reduces the latter types to the faintest tinge of color or white. : The advent of my new hybrids producing the most intense and deep shades of violet, purple, crimson and scarlet . . . makes it desirable that these brilliant combinations be preserved when the spikes are cut for decorative purposes. To ensure this most desirable result, place the vases of these highly colored types in the early morning sun for an hour or two daily, preferably after renovation and renewal of the water. * * * * * * * * * * One of the causes of the popularity of the gladiolus as a decorative flower, is the fact that it has no perfume, as there are few flowers used for this purpose that are not distasteful to some one — particularly in closed rooms — either from personal preference or painful association. : Where the pollen proves irritating to the tissues of the respiratory organs ee the anthers may be easily pinched out during the daily renovation. . . . This removal of the anthers is desirable in the highly colored types, . . . where the shed pollen dulls the brilliancy of the petals on which it may fall. The consideration of the gladiolus as a cut flower is not complete with- out a discussion as to the proper way to cut a spike. A corm is a thick- ened base of a stem, and this being the case there must be leaves re- maining to nourish and feed this corm. Thus, in cutting the blooms, two or three leaves should always be left on the plant. The spike may be cut with a short enough stem to accommodate this balance, or one may merely cut into the leaves and through the stem, taking only enough leaves to be used in the bouquets. Cutting the stems too long is a common mis- take of the amateur. The spikes are being used more and more in the making of floral designs, for bases of standing wreaths, and in large clusters for sprays. The indi- vidual flowers have in many cases taken the place of lilies and orchids in wedding and presentation bouquets and baskets. The graceful spikes of the Gladiolus nanus varieties are especially valuable for corsage bou- quets or for small baskets, or arranged in flower holders, or japanas, placed in bowls of water. If these varieties were better known and appre- ciated, the demand would be great. Many of the large flower shops use them when they can be obtained. As a summer flower for large dec- orations the gladiolus is unexcelled, especially when placed in large vases or hampers and used on porches or yachts, or in hotels, summer resorts, churches, or automobiles. Excellent results are obtained by careful selection of the receptacle for the flowers. Wall vases containing a few spikes, carefully arranged, GLADIOLUS StupiEs — II 197 are sure to be interesting. Plain vases and simple baskets are to be pre- ferred to highly decorated ones, since the gladiolus is gay in itself. Many ! PHOTOGRAPH LENT BY MRS. B. H. TRACY Fic. II. DAYBREAK A charming rose-bowl decoration. These spikes had been cut fora week. A suggested use for spikes that are nearly through blooming of the individual spikes are so beautiful that if arranged alone in a vase their separate charms are more effective than if more than one are used, 198 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 10 Curved spikes are indispensable for some of the most effective arrange- ments, especially in huge hampers. Large vases of one variety, such as Brenchleyensis, Hazel Harvey, Mrs. Francis King, and some other darker varieties, are effective when combined with the variegated-leaved corn (Zea mays var. japonica). Mrs. B. H. Tracy deserves much credit for popularizing this flower in a decorative way by exhibiting the blooms properly, for she has made many advances in arrangement. over the ordinary method of using uninteresting vases and inappropriate receptacles. In addition to the value of the gladiolus as a cut flower, it is especially attractive also as a garden subject when planted thickly in clumps or beds. Soil well prepared will allow a good development of the spikes, even if the corms have been very closely set. Unless used in masses, the plants are likely to appear rather spindling; but when properly planted, the bed of gladioli is one of the most showy features of summer or autumn. The beds so used need not be for gladioli exclusively, but may have some annuals or perennials growing with them. Good combinations result from planting early in the spring a bed of white Phlox Drummondi1, and later using the gladiolus America between the plants; or pink phlox and the gladiolus Rochester White may be combined. Especially effective is the combination of gladiolus with the summer hyacinth (Galtonia [=H yacinthus] candicans), the tall spikes of white bloom and the bold foliage of the latter seeming especially harmonious. No better combina- tion is available than that which results from the planting of some corms among irises, which have leaves in perfect harmony with the gladiolus and which bloom in a widely separated season. The stately spikes are attractive when used in large clumps of one variety among shrubbery. Care must be taken not to place the plants within the detrimental influence of large tree roots or in too much shade. Gardeners frequently start certain good varieties in boxes or pots, and, when in full growth, transplant them in clumps to places in the border where a bit of color is needed after some other plants have failed. Miss Andres (1914) advocates combining columbines, petunias, and gladioli, not only because of their colors, but also, and mainly, for the excellent succession of bloom provided. Bold masses of Gladiolus primulinus hybrids (fig. 12) are extremely effective, since their various colors blend so well. Blue Jay and Baron Joseph Hulot are violet and blue varieties which harmonize well with yellow varieties, such as Golden King or Sulphur King. Excellent combinations have been made with roses and gladioli. The June-flowering roses are best for this purpose, since they are entirely out of season when the gladiolus is at its best. GLADIOLUS StTubDIEs — II a The accusation that the gladiolus is stiff and formal does not now hold. The modern gladiolus is stately and dignified, and deserves prominent consideration and a place in every home or palace. It isa regal flower available to all. SOILS FOR THE GLADIOLUS Soil technologists emphasize the fact that a proper physical condi- tion of the soil is quite as important for the growth of a crop as is the richness; in other words, the tilth and handling of the soil is as much to be considered as the actual chemical analysis. Various opinions have prevailed, and still persist, regarding proper garden soil for gladioli. Dombrain (1873) mentions the former belief that there was no soil too poor for the gladiolus, and states that advice was given that if the soil were not poor enough it had better be charred or burned to make it so. However, as he says, experience proved this to be unsound, and a rich soil was considered by no means © unsuitable. Then came the high pressure treatment; heaps of manure in the soil, heavy top-dressings above it, and then what blooms we shall have! But the strongest advocates of this system found that they had been a little too fast, and that although they obtained fine blooms, they lost their bulbs. Since then a more moderate system has been practised. The depth of planting will obvi- ously differ with the soil. The lighter the soil, the deeper the corms may be planted. Deep planting is espe- cially successful in dry seasons, be- cause the roots are in cool, moist soil. Usually, with deep planting, FIG. 12. PRIMULINUS SEEDLINGS The primulinus seedlings include a group of grace- ful varieties all of which have distinctly hooded blooms. The colors are charming, following the in- fluence of the clear primrose-yellow of the primulinus parent as well as of the delicate intermediate colors possessed by other parents, which in many cases are Lemoinet, Childsi>, or nanceianus varieties staking will be unnecessary. There is danger in deep planting in a heavy, — 200 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 10 moisture-holding soil. The soil may be too wet and may cause a rotting of the young shoots as well as the corms. If the soil is too clayey the shoots may not have strength enough to emerge, or they may be twisted, and thus made unable to produce a good, strong spike. The following data are valuable for showing the various practices and opinions as to the best soil for proper growth of the plants: | Depth Grower to plant Type of soil Soil preferred (inches) ACIS NSON A 2e a osck tye Ae| Slaght- loam 2 27 5.. Light loam, good bottom ~ drainage Austin 4 | Sandy loam.........] Sandy loam U.N cis ee, eter eee eee, ore 2A MePraime@sis isn. see No limestone nor dressings of lime Babcock as soa eeh O27 35. Gravelly= sax wee PAIGE oP toy ea sev! 4 | Sandy loam...... ...| Sandy loam RASSEET Ac ccm eerie: 4-6 | Light and sandy..... Betschers iii ase heey: 3-6 | Sandy loam......... Good clay loam, but depend- ent on season Black: 203) s.c.s eager 2-6 | Sandy loam......... Sandy loam Bonvallet. 227-222: Ars Sand yi tc ete eee Sandy loam Brown 4-6 | Sandy loam.. .| Considerable sand Balle ic cnesgae ere ate 4 | Stiff loam.. Stiff loam Binbankes ania te eee 6 | Sand and heavy clay. Sandy loam; new soil Grawiornd: siete ee 4 | Heavy clay loam. Sandy loam Crawtord, NL. . fave 5 | Loam and sandy loam] Loam for large corms; for the smaller, much lighter soil Dombrain Ag teat eneesicce ys quran eat Medium PIS EOT ee cone arte UC 4-6 | Light loam......... Hianavanvers eo en 5-6. | Clay-loams: 20 40% Rich, level, sandy iildige ares oa ee Os PHeavyclayae cone Heavy clay SADC Et ge cs See 6 | Sandy loam.........| Sandy loam 1 Royston ra pe epee eee 5: |) Dark claytloam- 2+: Hantineton..>s. 2): G 4s {LAB eae ee Heavy Murtehinison: eee Ar\ Light loames > 3c Light 1 loam, but damp INere ond Gress a gee 2-4 | Sandy loam.........| Light loam, not heavy Miaees 7c, oe eau oslo: ee 4 | Sandy loam... ..| Rather light to heavy Munsell. evcicicticns “oe 4-5 | Sandy loam......... Rea Oss teva ee e oat il ab pe ay A SRT eg mgs NERS HOLLER need eee tee 6-8 | Sandy loam......... Richardson. . 6 | Sandy loam.........| Light loam de Ruyter & Hogewonig tee 1% inches sand...... Sandy for most; plants are healthier SPENCER ate. | ee ee 4-6 | Sandy loam.. Sandy loam WLEWalbste. wsetes See 3-5 | Gravelly loam... .| Loam 21 ee ee AAT Ager. LF sos cee Bee Sandy loam ANatesoavbaboeineedr oy gamle o.c 4-6 | Light, not very sandy| Rich, deep, well-drained, not too heavy racy sotto tee tie ok 6. /2Gravelly 2 meee Gravelly or sandy Warrtllecteteu. as acti: Fla 6 (Sear pe re oA Any soil good for potatoes Witte as, ee et aes 3=6 .| Sandy leamir-co.. <2 Moist loam, porous subsoil Walmare. 2.04: bot ake 6 | Sandy loam......... Well-drained swamp with sandy loam bottom Via ati ben: Gladiolus ‘“‘ Independence.” Mod. glad. grow. 2:6. 1915 b Treating gladiolus corms with formaldehyde. Mod. giad. grow. 2:69-70. t9g15c_ Life history of the gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 2:92, 102. Blair, Gertrude 1904 Vase arrangements.— II. Gladioli. Florists’ rev. 14:703. Bliss, A. J. 1916 The florist’s gladiolus. Gard. chron. ser. 3:59:25. Braunton, Ernest 1914 Breeding new plants. Method by which this may be accomplished. Mod. glad. grow. 1:162. From Los Angeles times. Brown, C. W. 1914 Trouble from rot or disease. Mod. glad. grow. 1:1I0. Bull, W. C. 1903 The gladiolus. Garden 64:252—253, 265. Burrell, J. 1898 Gladiolus gandavensis hybrids. Garden 53:210. Chamberlain, Montague Igtr_ Fertilizers. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 3:27-28. 1914a The gladiolus in design and decorative work. Mod. glad. grow. 1:14. 1914b Acidity. Mod. glad. grow. 1:28. 1914c The status of the amateur. Mod. glad. grow. 1:176. Charlton, Ralph, jr. 1914 Gladioli from seed the first year. Mod. glad. grow. 1:137. Childs, J. L. 1907 Leaf blight of gladiolus. Florists’ ex. 23:541. Chittenden, F. J. 1907 The influence of the parents on the colour of the hybrid. Roy. Hort. Soc. [London]. Rept. 3d Internat. Conf. 1906 Genetics, p. 213-217. Christy, W. A. 1908 Ruffled gladioli. Florists’ rev. 21: May 7:29-31. Igtr1_ Hybridists and hybridizing. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 2:12-16; cont., Bul. 3:13-19. Also (1912), Nat. Glad. Soc. [Englandj. Handb. 1912: 39-48. 1912 Hybrid vs. cross-breed. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 5:4. 1914a Staking gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1:61. 1914b Trouble from rot or disease. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 110-111. 1914¢ Developing bulblets in small quantities. Mod. glad. grow. 1:128—129. IQI5 Gladioli on same ground successively. Mod. glad. grow. 2: 39-40. Clute, W. N. 1915 Do varieties run out? Mod. glad. grow. 2: 109. Coblentz, P. O. 1908 Ground for gladioli. Florists’ rev. 22: Oct. 8:33-34. Cole, Norman 1915 Do bulblets sport? Mod. glad. grow. 2:35. 262 = CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN to Coleman, Joe 1914a 1914 b I9I4c 19g14d 1914e IgI5 a 1915 b Gladioli in a dry season. Mod. glad. grow. 1:3. Acidity.— Liming. Mod. glad. grow. 1:60. Fertilizer. Mod. glad. grow. 1:72. Selling cut flowers.— Prices.— Shipping packages, etc. Mod. glad. grow. I:9I-92. Growing gladioli for cut flowers. Mod. glad. grow. 1:127-128. A prophecy and a plea for gladiolus popularity. Mod. glad. grow. 2:78. Securing early bloom. Mod. glad. grow. 2:105. Cooper, Madison 1914a 1914 b IQI4 Cc 1914 d 19gi4e tg14f 1914 g 1914h 1914 i 1914 j I9gi5a 1915 b IQI5c 1915 d I915e Ig15f 1915 g 1915 h Igi5i Raising gladiolus seedlings. Mod: glad. grow. 1:13-14. Cut flowers vs. bulbs. Mod. glad. grow. 1:24. ‘“‘ Starved or fed.’’ Mod. glad. grow. 1:24-25. Planting bulblets in cold frame.— Gladioli from seed. Mod. glad. grow. 1:45-46. Growing the gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1:66-67. Curing, storage, and forcing of gladiolus corms. Mod. glad. grow. 1:71. Distance for planting gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1:92. Hardy gladioli? Mod. glad. grow. 1: 161. Harvesting, curing, and storing.— Gladiolus bulbs and bulblets. Mod. glad. grow. 1:168. Wood ashes as fertilizer for gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 182. Fireproof bul’) storage. Mod. glad. grow. 2:7. Do bulblets sport? Mod. glad. grow. 2:8. Forcing gladioli in California. Mod. glad. grow. 2:12. Exhibiting gladioli at fairs—— Suggestion for staging, etc. Mod. glad. grow. 2:23. Packing gladiolus corms for shipment. Mod. glad. grow. 2:33. Angle worms in soil.— Various questions on growing gladioli.— Fertilizers, etc. Mod. glad. grow. 2:69. Quantity of fertilizer to use on gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 2:83-84. Gladiolus corms produce plurality of sprouts. Mod. glad. grow. 2:115. Removing tops from gladiolus corms at digging time. Mod. glad. grow. 2:140. 1915 j Cold storage of cut flowers. Mod. glad. grow. 2:150. 1915 k Testing of varieties. Mod. glad. grow. 2:158. Cowee, Arthur 1904 The gladiolus. Florists’ rev. 13:814-815. 1905 Forcing gladioli. Florists’ rev. 16:1405-1406. 1907 Growing gladiolus with carnations. Florists’ ex. 23:453. ; 1908 a Cultivation of gladioli. Florists’ ex. 26:48; also, Amer. florist 30:1220- 1221; also, Florists’ rev. 22: July 9:6-8; also, Hort. 8:40-41. 1908 b Rust on gladioli. Florists’ rev. 22: July 30: 10-11. 1910 Mulching gladioli. Florists’ rev. 25: Feb. 24:8. IQII Gladiolus nomenclature. Florists’ rev. 27: Apr. 6:42. I9giz2a Renaming varieties of gladioli and the disposition of synonyms. Nat. _ Glad. Soc. [England]. Handb. 1912: 49-53. I912b White gladioli. Nat. Glad. Soc. [England]. Handb. 1912:54-55. I9gi2c Wilting before packing. Florists’ rev. 29: Mar. 28:40. 1914a_ Branching habit gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1:16. 1914b Treatment of gladiolus bulbs. Mod. glad. grow. 1:40-41. t914c Rustin gladioh. Mod. glad. grow. 1:154. 1915 a Color of bulbs and color of blooms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:40. 1915 b Packing gladiolus corms for shipment. Mod. glad. grow. 2:65. Crane, May B. IglI Gladioli. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 2:7-8. Crawford, Matthew 1914a 1914 b I9I4 cc Fertilizer at blooming time. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 111-112. Rapid multiplication of gladioli— Pollenating and hybridizing. Mod. glad. grow. 1:128. Trouble from rot or disease. Mod. glad. grow. 1:154. GLADIOLUS StTupIEs — II 263 Crawford, Matthew, and Van Fleet, W. 1911 The gladiolus, p. 1-98. Cushman, E. H. 1896 Packing gladiolus flowers. Amer. florist 12:11. 1906 The gladiolus.— A summer cut flower. Florists’ rev. 17: 1401-1402. I91t Cutting gladiolus spikes. Florists’ rev. 28: Aug. 3:14. 1915 Commercial cultivation for stock or bulbs. In Gladiolus. Stand. cyclop. hort. 3: 1342. ; Darbishire, A. D. I911_ Breeding and the Mendelian discovery, p. 1-2 Darwin, Charles 1888 The origin of species by means of natural selection. Sixth ed., 2: 14-15. Dombrain, H. H. 1873 The gladiolus, its history, cultivation, and exhibition, p. 1-56. Douglas, James 1885 Raising new varieties of gladiolus. Gard. monthly 27: 166. Endicott, W. E. : 1886 Gladioli. Amer. florist 1:214-215. 1888 The species of Gladiolus. Gard. and for. 1:363-365. 1891 Some hybrid gladioli. Gard. and for. 4: 403. Errey, Gilbert 1915 Gladiolus growing from an Australian viewpoint. Mod: glad. grow. 2: 4360-137. Fairbanks, C. F. 1914 The standing of an amateur. Mod. glad. grow.-1:175-176. Fairchild, D. I9gi2 Plant introduction for the plant breeder. U.S. Agr. Dept. Yearbook IQII: 411-422. Falconer, William 1891 Peeling gladiolus bulblets. Amer. florist '7:227 Field, Henry 1909 Gladioli. Florists’ rev. 24:Sept. 2:34—-45. Fischer, E. N. t9g12 The classification of the gladioli. Am. Glad. Soc. Bul. 4:8 1914 The application of Mendel’s law in the breeding of vintiol, Mod. glad. grow. I: 100, II2. Fuld, Maurice Igi2 Gladiolus nanus. Amer. Glad. Soc., Bul. 4: 16-21; also, Hort. 15: 458-459; also (1914), Mod. glad. grow. 1: 107-109. 1915 a How to have succession of gladioli in the garden. Amer. Glad. Soc. Program Nat. Glad. Exhib., p. 27. 1915 b How to produce the best blooms for exhibitions. Amer. Glad. Soc. Program Nat. Glad. Exhib., p. 40. Gage, L. M. t910a Thegladiolus. A few observations from my 1909 notebook. _ Hort. 11:71. 1910 b More gladiolus notes. Hort. 11: 182. 1913(?) The gladiolus seed bed. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 7:3. 1914 a_ Packing bulbs for shipment. Mod. glad. grow. 1:7. 1914 b Gladioli in rows. Mod. glad. grow. 1:46. 1915 a Good gladioli. Amer. Glad. Soc. Program Nat. Glad. Exhib., p. 34. 1915 b Potato fertilizer for gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 2:70. 204 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 10 Gerard, J. N. 1894 Gladioli. Gard. and for. 7:296-297. Gilbert, A. W. 1915 Heredity of color in Phlox drummondii. Journ. agr. research 4:293-301. Goodrich, E. S. 1912 Changesin coloration due to environment. In Evolution of living organisms, p. 36. Groff, H. H. 1906a Culture and care of cut spikes. Florists’ rev. 17:1565. 1906 b The modern gladiolus. Florists’ ex. 21:558-559. 1907 a Practical plant-breeding, more especially in relation to the gladiolus, Roy. Hort. Soc. [London]. Rept. 3d Internat. Conf. 1906 Genetics, Pp. 421-425. 1907b Results in growing gladioli. Florists’ ex. 24:171. 1907c Breeding gladioli. Florists’ rev. 19:707-708. 1907 d_ Groff’s hybrid gladioli. Florists’ rev. 19: 1349-1350. 1908 Ruffled gladioli. Florists’ rev. 21: May 14:32-33. IQII The modern gladiolus. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 2:8-9. 1914 Care of gladioli as cut flowers. Mod. glad. grow. 1:70. Guihéneuf, D. | ; 1895 Les plantes bulbeuses, tuberculeuses, et rhizomateuses ornementales de serre et de pleine terre, p. 276-290. Hamilton, S. A. 1913 Gladiolus culture. Country gent. 78:718-719. Hatfield, T. D. 1897 . The hybrid gladioli. Gard. and for. 10:335-336. Henderson, Peter 1890 Gladiolus. Jn Handbook of plants and general horticulture, p. 166-167. Hendrickson, I. S. IQII Gladioli. Amer: Glad. soc. Bul. 3:5-13. 1914a_ The gay gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1:2-3. From Florists’ ex. 1914 b Gladiolus praecox. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 168. IQI5 Culture of the gladiolus. Jn Gladiolus. Stand. cyclop. hort. 3:1341-1342. Herbert, William 1837. Amaryllidaceae, p. 365-366. 1847. On hybridization amongst vegetables. Hort. Soc. London. Journ. 2:81-107. Hicks, D. C. a 1906 Notes upon gladiolus and its culture. Vermont Hort. Soc. Rept. 1906:34. Higgins, E. A. 1912 Marvellous grace and beauty. Elmira telegram, Feb. 2. Hildreth, Mrs. H. A. 1914 Remedies for cut worms. Mod. glad. grow. 1:138. Hinkle, C. R. 1915 The gladiolus; why and how. Mod. glad. grow. 2: 161-164. Holben, F. J. -1915 Fertilizing value of wood ashes. Mod. glad. grow. 2:126. From Penn- sylvania farmer. GLADIOLUS StupIEs — IT 265 Hottes, A. C. t914a_ Trial ground work. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 19-20. 1914 b Experiments with gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1:50-52. i915 a Garden gladioli. Journ. hered. 6:499-504; reviewed im Gard. chron. ser. 3:50:34. 1915 b Gladiolusideals. Amer.Glad.Soc. Program Nat. Glad. Exhib., p. 31-34. t915c Indoor culture. Jn Gladiolus. Stand. cyclop. hort. 3:1342. Jackson, R. T. 1889 Hybridization of gladioli. Gard. and for. 2:88-91. Jacob, Joseph 1915 The gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 2:135. From British nurseryman and seedman. Jones, C. R. 1915 Cutworms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:122. From Farm news. Kelway, James, & Sons 1913) Manual of horticulture, p. 318. Kerr, G. W. 1913 Gladiolus blooming the first year from seed. Gard. mag. [New York] 17 :260. 1915 Gladioli — Flowering the first year from seed. Amer. Glad. Soc. Program Nat. Glad. Exhib., p. 35-36. Keur, C., & Sons 1915 Artistic effects in floriculture. Mod. glad. grow. 2:106, I17. King, Mrs. Francis 1911 Garden color combinations with gladioli. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 2:5. 1913 New gladiolus. Gard. mag. [New York] 17:242. Kirscht, Herman 1915 Remedy for cutworms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:142. Koerner, H. W. 1908 Some more about gladiolus. Florists’ rev. 21: Feb. 27: 36-37. 1911 Hybridizing and culture. Florists’ rev. 29: Dec. 21:12. Krelage, E. H. 1892 Hybrid gladioli. Garden 41: 190-192. 1896 The origin of garden gladioli. Gard. and for. 9:446. Kunderd, A. E. 1908a_ Ruffled gladioli. Hort. 7:165. 1908 b_ The ruffled gladiolus. Florists’ rev. 22: June 4:7-8. IQII Gladiolus and its future. Florists’ rev. 29: Dec. 21:12-14; also, Florists’ ex. 32: 1263. 1914a A pure white gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1:11. 1914b Foliage of the gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1:26. 1914c Planting gladiolus bulblets. Mod. glad. grow. 1:62. 1915 a Covering bulbs with sand while in storage. Mod. glad. grow. 2:35. 1915 b Do gladioli deteriorate? Mod. glad. grow. 2:157. Landis, I. H. 1914 The gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 160. Larousse, Pierre ; ; 1872 Glaieul. Jn Grand dictionnaire universel du XIX® siécle 8: 1290. 266 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I0 Lawrence, J. R. 1914 Some of the newer gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1:9-10. _ From Florists’ ex. Le Moyne, F. J. 1912 Raising gladiolus from seed. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 4: 11-12. Lounsberry, A. ad 1914 Beauty, individuality, and: variety of the modern gladiolus. Craftsman 26: 486-496. i McNeely, W. M. 1914 Gladioli and ferns. Mod. glad. grow. 1:58. Massey, L. M. 1915 Diseased gladiolus corms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:99. From Florists’ rey. 1916 Gladiolus corm diseases. Mod. glad. grow. 3:70-73. Massey, W. F. 1914a Rot in gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1:4. From New York tribune farmer. 1914b Growing gladiolus bulbs. Mod. glad. grow. 1:60. From Progressive farmer. Mead, T. L. 1915 Gladioli from seed in Florida. Mod. glad. grow. 2:81, 86. Meader, H. E. IQII From a gladiolus specialist. Florists’ rev. 29: Nov. 30:24. 1912a_ Ideals in gladiolus growing. Florists’ rev. 29: March 28:40. 1912 b Keep up the standard. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 5:3-4. Miller, C. C. 1915 Petal arrangement of gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 2: 160. Miller, E. S. 1910 Crooked gladiolus stems. Florists’ rev. 26: Sept. 15:7. Mitchell, S. B. 1915 Culture in California. In Gladiolus. Stand. cyclop. hort. 3:1342. Morton, F. S. 1914a Planting suggestions. Mod. glad. grow. 1:36. 1914 b Growing gladioli from seed. Mod. glad. grow. 1:54. 1914c Many new varieties of gladioli produced. Mod. glad. grow. 1:159-160. From Portland (Maine) evening express and advertiser. 1914 d Storing bulblets in small quantities. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 181. 1915a An experiment with weak bulbs. Mod. glad. grow. 2:20. 1915 b Planting, fertilizing, and marking. Mod. glad. grow. 2:68. 1915 c. Cultivation.— Cut worms.— Watering, &c. Mod. glad. grow. 2:82. 1915 d_ Growing gladioli from bulblets. Mod. glad. grow. 2:94. 1915 e Digging, storing, and curing gladiolus corms.— Other fall suggestions. Mod. glad. grow. 2:143. Munroe, J. E. 1915 Remedy for cutworms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:116. Naudin, M. 1866 Reciprocal crosses. Roy. Hort. Soc. [London]. Journ. 1866:2. Oberlin, T. J. 1891 Cheap trays for gladiolus bulbs. Amer. florist 6:534. Parkinson, John 1629 Paradisi in sole paradisus terrestris, p. 189-191. GLADIOLUS STUDIES — II 26 ~s - Patterson, R. J. 1914 Gladioli and cut worms — how to prevent them. Mod. glad. grow. 1:137- 138. Perkins, L. A. 1914 An inexpensive grader. Mod. glad. grow. 1:38. Powell, E. C. 1915 Remedy for cutworms. Mod. glad. grow. 2: 111. Pryal, W. A. tg1r Gladiolus topics. Florists’ rev. 29: Nov. 16:33-34. Putnam, Bessie L. 1914 Gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1:116. From The national farmer and stock grower. Rand, E. S. 1873 Bulbs, p. 179-193. Reading, H. G. 1915 a Harmony or discord in a vase of gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 2:108. 1915 b Cutworms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:141-142. Reddick, Donald 1915 a _ Gladiolus diseases. Mod. glad. grow. 2:19. 1915 b Gladiolus diseases. Mod. glad. grow. 2:41. 1915 c Controlling fungoid growths on gladiolus corms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:79. Re Shore, Grace tg1r_ Gladioli for amateurs. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 3:23-26. 1912 New ruffled gladioli. House beautiful 31:sup. 38. 1915 Preparing and selecting gladiolus corms for planting. Mod. glad. grow. 2562: Rexford, E. E. Ig10_ Four seasons in the garden, p. 79-81, 90-91. _ Roemer, Frederick 1906 Annual gladioli. Florists’ rev. 18:778. Rose, Jack 1911 The gladiolus. Market grow. journ. 8:308-309. Rudolph, Jules 1902 Culture forcée des oignons 4a fleurs, p. 92-96. Scott, William 1899 The florists’ manual, p. 109-II0. t901a_ Forcing gladiolus. Florists’ rev. 8: 449. 1901 b Gladiolus The Bride. Florists’ rev. 8:512. Seliger, Mrs. Wilhelmina 1914 The modern gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1:167. From Hartford times. Skinner, J. H. . < 1915 Lice on gladiolus corms.—Wild cucumber to be avoided. Mod. glad. grow. 2:95. Société francaise des Chrysanthémistes and René Oberthiir 1905 Répertoire de couleurs, p. I-82, I-11, 1-365. Stewart, E. E. 1914 A rare gladiolus sport. Mod. glad. grow. 1:146 268 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 10 Swanson, A. S. Z 1914 A flower for everybody’s garden. Mod. glad. grow. 1:78-79. From Northwest. agr. 2 Taft, L. R. 1913 Forcing the gladiolus. Jn Greenhouse management, p. 101-103. Thomann, Jacob 1914 ‘‘ Rochester White ’’ and ‘‘ White Lady.’”’ Mod. glad. grow. 1:60. Thorpe, John Forcing the gladiolus. From Gard. and for. Reprinted in Bulbs and tuberous-rooted plants (Allen, I911, p. 121-123). Tracy, B. H. 1911 Forced gladioli are too little known. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 2:10. Tracy, Mrs. B. H. 1915 Competitive brotherhood. Amer. Glad. Soc. Program Nat. Glad. Exhib., Dp, ki: Tubergen, C. G. van, jr. 1907 Hybrids and hybridisation among bulbous plants. Roy. Hort. Soc. {London}. Rept. 3d Internat. Conf. 1906 Genetics, p. 438-445. Tull, R. E. 1910 Propagating gladiolus. House and garden 17:77. Umpleby, J. H. 1914a Cultural hints on the gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 1:68. 1914b Growing gladioli from seed.— Storing bulblets, etc. Mod. glad. grow. ¥* LOO: 1914c Leaves of gladioli turning brown. Mod. glad. grow. 1:153. Van Fleet, W. 1904 Hybridizing gladiolus species. Jn Proceedings International Conference on Plant Breeding and Hybridization, 1902. Hort. Soc. New York. Mem. 1:143-149. 1908 Hybrids of Gladiolus primulinus. Florists’ ex. 25:684. From Rural New- Yorker. 1914a_ History of Princeps. Mod. glad. grow. 1:79-8o. 1914 b Gladiolus types. Mod. glad. grow. 1:93. Vos Mz, P. 1914 Some gladiolus history. Mod. glad. grow. 1:124-126. Wallace, E. A. 1907 Gladiolus The Bride. Florists’ rev. 19:550. Ward, P. L. 1914a The gladiolus has arrived. Mod. glad. grow. 1:63-64. From Rural New- Yorker. 1914 b Gladiolus notes. Mod. glad. grow. 1:155. From Rural New-Yorker. Warncke, Mrs. F. C. 1914 Rapid increase of stocks. Mod. glad. grow. 1:94. Watson, J. A. S. 1912 Heredity, p. 43. Watson, W. 1892 Gladiolus oppositiflorus. Gard. and for. 5:545-546. 1893 Hybrid gladioli. Gard. and for. 6:243-244. GLADIOLUS STUDIES — II 269 Weathers, on 1911 The bulb book, p. 1-471. Wheadon, E. T. 1915 The gladiolus. Mod. glad. grow. 2:2-4, 14-16. From Guernsey Growers’ Assoc., Yearbook 1914. Whetzel, H. H. 1g1r_ Gladiolus bulb rot. Florists’ rev. 27: Apr. 27: 10-11. White, A. 191s The gladiolus in Australia. Mod. glad. grow. 2:154. White, B. F. Ig1r_ Gladiolus growing. Amer. Glad. Soc. Bul. 2: 10-11. White, E. A. 1915 Gladiolus. Jn Principles of floriculture, p. 432-435. Whitney, G. A. 1915 ‘‘ Treating ’’ cedar marking stakes. Mod. glad. grow. 2:79-80. Wild, H. 1914 Gladioli for every garden. Amer. homes 11:153-155. Williams, C. L. 1915 Lice on gladiolus corms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:35. Wilmore, W. W., jr. 1914a_ Growing gladioli under irrigation in Colorado. Mod. glad. grow. 1: 55758. 1914b_ Breeding gladioli scientifically... Mod. glad. grow. 1:83-84. t9g14c “ Forcing” gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 1:144-146. 1915a Treatment of old bulbs to restore and preserve vitality. Mod. glad. grow. 2: 1I-I2. t915b Loss of vitality in old gladiolus corms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:23-24. tg915c Gladiolus species. Mod. glad. grow. 2:58-60, 72-74, 84. 1915 d_ The scientific structure of the plant. Mod. glad. grow. 2:120-122. 1915 e Soils and fertilizers. Mod. glad. grow. 2:134-135. 1915 f Planting and harvesting. Mod. glad. grow. 2:152-154. 1915 g Curing and storing corms and cormels. Mod. glad. grow. 2: 166-167. Woodruff, G. S. t915a_ Planting forced gladiolus bulbs. Mod. glad. grow. 2:66. 1915 b Cutting gladiolus corms. Mod. glad. grow. 2:80. 1915 c White gladioli. Mod. glad. grow. 2:168. Wright, M. F. 1914 Securing early gladiolus bloom. Mod. glad. grow. 1:118. Wright, W. P. 1903 Pictorial practical bulb growing, p. 106-113. —— Popular garden flowers, p. 186. Youell, Henry : IQII The gladiolus. As we knew and grew it fifty years ago. Hort. 13:420. 1915 a _ A plea for flower shows. Mod. glad. grow. 2:30. 1915 b Looking backward. Amer. Glad. Soc. Program Nat, Glad. Exhib., p. 15. INDEX PAGE Acidsphosphater2 coast eee een her ee neck 204 Acquiredicharacters. ii section ole 230 Actimomorphic) blooris = teeeee (2 eee 210 VADISY SAIN (Ok ns PAIR We. §, SES Pe PS ee EE rE 209 Moanwaltaladtliwrpeemee ee a ee eee ae 244 AnthocyaninicolonSeas eek s ey ise aes 230 ADTs CLOOU hoy Ree ere eRe Poo cere ek 256 Aeetiidlme tise nis Sie sci oehe ls dene ue che iene 255 Aster beetle black 07 ee thecal ae «he 255 Ward (OLimMmenittemytapcal tern.) ae hoes een Aer 221 Bagging flowers for crossing................ 234 Beds SEGA coat trek shiek, 5 eee ee eee wie ne 242 Bibliopraplivey mis. as.s cece rie rience De 259 Blends, a form of marking in blooms......... 212 Blister beetle? ty caer aa eee ene 256 Blooms AGHNOMOTD DIGS sy aait). wane Sree ae REE SC 210 Gharacterssober feos ae ioe ees 208, 233 Doubling, value and disadvantages of...... 219 ideal Torm Orne ee aie ce pe eeten ee eee 212 indoor arrangement ob: .2... 000 soe tee 196 Number openationtes 4. ......0.. 6. steno ae 216 PELOLICN SS a iicyrte ere ee eee be tee ae 2II AVE VELSIOM MOLI Me seve tie, sen eo eer 210 Semi-peloriate........ Me ake Soi oro ee 210 Visif@sxoyeotoyno) oh (hres SRS hd EOE Citon Born 210 Blotches, a form of marking in blooms....... 212 Bone foun sie fe eet oe ato sf cae alae 202 iBone mealecyh- escent oti ees us ween 202, 203 Branches vantages Or emenespeta ante, pr keane 216, 218 Disadwanitagesioteen ryipatesctt a cial wees 218 Bulbs DehinitiGmiol vaya ccss see Coes as cee eee 244 Difference between bulb and corm......... 244 (See also Corm.) Capsules, number to allow to develop........ 237 Gell-san colors eerie forme en ee ee 230 Chilesalipetersuseiobs sb cisn5 ch cece pees 203 Chilopnathaitnerteceieenais sis seseebaeoeee 255 Color Bloom, color of, not correlated with color of CONTIGS rt te Pam Noha: ea tec eae 247 Changes due to environment......225, 229, 230 Cominercial es eros. tie Gane 213 Nabireloreiiillowers tate.) Sceeeneniet, ee 230 Range found inigladioli:-<. 0 . Seemed. 212 Contmerctalatypesceaeessc. Jc + ache ene 213-218 Corm Characteristics of a good corm............ 246 Correlation in color with that of bloom..... 247 Definitioniolsis.. cesta cee eee 244 Dividtnexcorms. 4 erect te. 2 eee 1908 Gladiolus alatus, pot culture Of.> .:"-. 7c earn n eee 251 cardinalis As a parent of Colvillei............ 231, 237 Contribution of, to hybrids......... B3i 237 carneus, pot culture of..%.. .ases se eeeee 251 @hildstt.c3.5s. as siecle Sas ans 2 ae Colvillei Indoor culturesol.-... 5. 6. 2s a eee 251 Parentage.ofe:./csinc. css ane eee 231 Variety: albus. sa26 fais. so. cie eee 223 Variety: Lhe Bride <5... s.r 251 cruentus, contribution of, to hybrids...212, 237 cuspidatus, poticulture of 2). 2:2...) sees 251 dracocephialtis; Sverre sete seek eee 209, 231 gandavensis Asa seed: parent...<.24\. 3.40 3. 231 Charactemstics of. -eee oni eee 202.297 Ebyjbrids Ofer eeaeucr eer 227, 231, 237, 244 Bracilis, pot culttire Ota, eee 251 Lemoinei As a -paréntoitd sien ae One 231 Blotchest eee ceieeeioke ye ge a Sw re 212 Contribution of, to hybrids......... 237, 244 Millers, pot culture of 25. -.. uae 251 NANCEIANUS 0) se ose eee eee 231, 237, 244 nanus Indoor cultureiol: <.... a... - nee “255 Wse0f oe en ees ba ied ee 196 Variety descriptions. «)...> oc <-s:ieneee 252 oppositiflorus Arrangement of flowers.............+-. 211 Contributions of, to hybrids............ 237 papilio, contribution of, to hybrids........ 237 PIACCOK-% a Ti aleies «sats ieaiesciseversis ware 244, 245 7O — GLaDIOLUS StupiEs — II ‘ Pg AT ee (continued) 4 m : i j As ein odisiic parent tess mae Sleek ac LOSE oe i : ee ee A “240 Tlie 2 ee OR SECS ee crass one, ee | oe ete i ee 231, 238 ee 205 Form of at a eg A ee ee asf Succession ine Spal eet een Tk aa Use 2S RGAE Be FR LEO Saree Nk ee ES AES eo ores pets ine Obie agegc cence es 304 ate os Po ccin See aoe 209 ae as er aS Kee ae 199, 207 PRETEEN See oe ches ethods of Contribution of tote eee ee eee 212 OF eee ee ct . 212 REE ey Tee a at PRU RS Pe eae ad oO By bridS! 2 «t,o... 212, 237 Peek SE a bs On 235 ae AEstivation of..... Potassium sulfate PIC 21 SARIN chk 202, 20. ieee noe. ce ee Ie. 209 | Potato fertili ya 2 eine Sate 202, 4 ees of, to hybrids... .: 231. A eo) Ree crosses. cee aaee ea 203 UO ais Hanes | RE a Rf 231 Ne or ee ye ae 2 version for Rake tee gate ee Ts oe eae dicn pot culture SoReal ean Be RN ete a See eRe - 210 fier ecatcibutinas of, to hyhi este tee 251 ry - seta con 7 niinde G6 bo li bHde: aati eas de S BON OE ES OCCA ELE ee ae 257 s phureus, pot culture of At ait teins fat eae oa 234 De ee eae pot ee Li RRS ecane Oia Sears 251 ee ae eer Bae Wee Oe ere ee al a 231, 233 el eager ee oes 251 ei MOR Clic RUE Eas he ce of Colville .... 231 | Seed aoOns Chadstone 1 oe osus, pot culture ap ye, Chr Maer eae ah a 237 Beds villosus, pot cure of 8.00001 agk | erties tor seed beds.“ ponbiedlitee gtd. shee oe 251 Rerilisersirar ceca nee eee 242-2 Grasshoppers, Se Sep ee ee 251 Gathering: ay pumice. eee PSS 242 et we ioe ee 255 Ste be agi tien eee Se ey RNR Latige 2, 82S, ae Hybridist, com BG DIES = revs te freencrel pace he ag Se oe ybridist, ea : PP HE ofr / Ben Gocaleoae ts ine a See 2. Hybrids D with an inventor...... ee Bend: atlorinte faa Fisica eel emi 237; pe Roman ab Soil of bloom. . 2 -.... 0.0... 210 eneral discussion of.............+.+-.- es Proper soil for ioli 3 £5 S BS 8S) Se ee gladiol rent Greater vigor due to hybridity... ....... 22. as Sour, preferred by ladi it ee Na ee pee (See al i ee Ss Eee fase also various species concerned.) ee Speci Po yn ee ey rear ae mprovement : pecies, use of, for improvemer ani Ss gece Greatest need for... Pee SSE CEES re oa Seatee meen List of varieties, ined ‘possibil Bence ee 240 _ tioned.) , various species men- eta ilities when used Spikes, curved ied eee ie ee er ae patties Teer coeaLit me nheritance of acquired eh Fe es oi 251 Gadyantimentia 00. La eS satya See 219 Intermixtures characters........... 35° | Splashes, a form of mark rath naar th ite a hae 2 Intermixture Be ak atone ih Globes. 2 gag Serer ate of marking in blooms........ ree eee ciicine tg tier gs ego sae ak as a Stes eee ee we 223, 225 EATS Pe Pet ace ek ben ieee C. 255 Inadvisability of . Meee er ET 230 Method tor amateurs oof ee ae oe ALY nd rctnod AUCUTS son eee Eo ns of a landscape variety 8 Stippling of eens 206 207 pe ie ee 21 a form of marking in blooms. |... Leaf mold. ea py BERS re ae ats | Storage eres maemo st BIGORIS. esa 22 212 MER nines ah le ke 202 pena eg Re cee re uct a6 (Hiccmmacisesss ) SP ewe lage Cha A 249 Injury from....... S CO ee EG he ee ae lh og oa a ae ra Rema gee 202 ss Grapeicuses yo Sten? , MR ee 248 ~ ES UNGIRN Re eaee e cp 202-203 Oe ae Fe aes ee hs epee 248 Tage Se eee eer 219 Fae Sh Rah pe ea ater Cae eR Cop eh, 201 | § ace Of bloom... 2.2... eee eee eee 16 Be ae oe Pearce mye? pie uccession ee ene oe ae 216 Poultry ..... too heavy application... .... pees PS aes erie Gaeleuriens ae 204 Bee Re eae ae 201, 203 ate of ammonia eee yauaeae ee Te ht a ee eS ET NS pares uperphosphate of lime.............--+-+-. ae Markings of reac marking in blooms...... Me pee aee 6g Ai ay me RR ae 203 Meloc 2S Bigs ane en pase ee ee Fee ae Sas en he Teac 203-204 {endel and Weds SEA eae = indoor culture san PBR ye speg et ce “sas 56 me ‘ein e\n eh 6a" es ole » Sam i~ ee Medien e port beens a moet epavaee Cains Feeaey tens oe ot ee ae 253 = Se Oli re eset S 227 ee ee Ste Seat Cs 248 Mottling, a form of marking in bio LAE Mitel fiery 255 Wace So are ae mee fats ulching with manure euiss sc te 2° 212 A Sp ee Ser, a ee ea ang os - HO WEIS aed ae woe ees Nitrate af Be So ic neha oe 223, 233 orl rental rohids and lilies «22222 -- 708 er Mowers A nhc, 62 MM 5 302g os oo a _233 | For bridal bouquet... ...--...2-020020005 Penciling, a form of Cae. aie rebar ies ae e eee Gaetan Cae ane een ee Hee Planting arking in blooms....... 212 Tn ae coceeeeceeeeeeeeess 108 a ; Pee Pee tne 19) ee deep planting J... Jcec 199 cesta Bch a x ean ta 198 ee eae Se inane Ao acne bee. a eae os 229 Bapartis Secs ween kes ake aan vee ashes, use of, as fertilizer......... Be * 205 ee cere iy peas Calne 3 202 258 nth cone ae 210 December, 1916 Extension Bulletin 11 Cornell Extension Bulletin Published by the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York A. R. Mann, Acting Director of Extension Service Gladiolus Studies—II] Varieties of the Garden Gladiolus Alfred C. Hottes Field of Gladioli at Ithaca, New York Published and distributed in furtherance of the purposes provided for in the Act of Congress of May 8, 1914 December, 1916 Extension Bulletin 11 Cornell Extension Bulletin Published by the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York A. R. Mann, Acting Director of Extension Service Gladiolus Studies—III Varieties of the Garden Gladiolus Alfred C. Hottes Field of Gladioli at Ithaca, New York Published and distributed in furtherance of the purposes provided for in the Act of Congress of May 8, 1914 tre def Ce oe a “ fier C2 LV tale PREFACE Since its foundation in 1911, the American Gladiolus Society has had its official trial grounds on land owned by Cornell University under the management of the Department of Floriculture. One of the main objects of the work has been to test as many varieties of gladioli as possible in order to prepare descriptions which shall be the standards for those varieties. Seedlings also have been tested, in an attempt to determine their individuality as well as their value. Some synonyms have been found and noted in the descriptions of varieties. The study has taken a longer time than was contemplated at its begin- ~ ning, because some growers have been rather delinquent in sending varieties the first year they were requested. The work is by no means completed, since many varieties in the American market are as yet undescribed and the question of synonyms has hardly been touched. The writer wishes to thank those who have contributed to the trial grounds, especially the following: Austin Gladiolus Company, Wayland, Ohio B. C. Auten, Carthage, Missouri G. B. Babeock, Jamestown, New York H. H. Baer, New Hyde Park, New York Frank Banning, Kinsman, Ohio Alvin Berger, Ventimiglia, Italy G. D. Black, Independence, Iowa A. T. Boddington, 120 Chambers Street, New York City C. W. Brown, Ashland, Massachusetts George Burchett, Hampton, Virginia W. Atlee Burpee & Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania John Cavers, Oakville, Ontario, Canada Montague Chamberlain, Wellesley, Massachusetts John Lewis Childs, Floral Park, New York W. A. Christy, Kinsman, Ohio E. F. Clark & Son, Wayland, Michigan P. O. Coblentz, New Madison, Ohio Arthur Cowee, Berlin, New York M. Crawford & Co., Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio E. H. Cushman, Sylvania, Ohio H. A. Dreer, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania E. T. Flanagan & Sons, Belleville, Illinois Franken Bros., Deerfield, Illinois W. E. Fryer, Mantorville, Minnesota L. M. Gage, Wellesley, Massachusetts C. B. Gates, Mentor, Ohio Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt, Germany Haentze & Co., Fond du Lac, Wisconsin 275 276 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II Max Herb, Naples, Italy Dr. C. Hoeg, Decorah, Lowa P. Hopman & Sons, Hillegom, Holland R. E. Huntington, Painesville, Ohio Iowa Seed Co., Des Moines, Iowa Kelway & Sons, Langport, Somerset, England C. H. Ketcham, South Haven, Michigan W. E. Kirchhoff, Pembroke, New York H. W. Koerner, Milwaukee, Wisconsin E. H. Krelage, Haarlem, Holland A. E. Kunderd, Goshen, Indiana Victor Lemoine et Fils, Nancy, France Mallory & Brown, Madison, Wisconsin L. L. May & Co., St. Paul, Minnesota Robert Mehlmann, Oshkosh, Wisconsin S. C. Mellinger, Youngstown, Ohio Henry F. Michell Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania J. L. Moore, Northboro, Massachusetts Munsell & Harvey, Ashtabula, Ohio Perkins-King Company, West Mentor, Ohio Wilhelm Pfitzer, Stuttgart, Germany Kristian Prestgard, Decorah, lowa H. A. Richardson, Woodfords, Maine D. W. C. Ruff, St. Paul, Minnesota H. F. Smith, Geneva, New York E. E. Stewart, Brooklyn, Michigan E. Y. Teas & Son, Centerville, Indiana J. Thomann & Son, Rochester, New York B. H. Tracy, Wenham, Massachusetts J. A. Travis, Elkhorn, Wisconsin N. E. Tully, Hubbard, Ohio John Umpleby, Lake View, New York Vaughan’s Seed Store, Chicago, Illinois K. Velthuys, Hillegom, Holland P. Vos Mz., Sassenheim, Holland Warnaar & Co., Sassenheim, Holland B. F. White, Terryville, Connecticut W. A. Wilkinson, Morgan Park, Illinois W. W. Wilmore, jr., Wheat Ridge, Colorado G. S. Woodruff, Independence, lowa M. F. Wright, Fort Wayne, Indiana C. Zeestraten & Sons, Oegstgeest, Holland ALFRED C. HOTTES ot. we? hah nae , 1 4 Soy 7 ad ee AMERICA THE STANDARD PINK VARIETY GLADIOLUS STUDIES— III VARIETIES OF THE GARDEN GLADIOLUS : ALFRED C. Hortes After nearly five years of testing varieties, the writer now ventures to publish descriptions of most of the varieties received for trial on the grounds of the Department of Floriculture in cooperation with the American Gladiolus Society. The Modern Gladiolus Grower for November, 1915, editorially expresses the writer’s attitude exactly in regard to the time necessary for testing varieties. It says: The tendency of some growers, both amateur and professional, to condemn varie- ties of gladioli on one year’s trial only is certainly wrong. In conversation recently. with one of the most experienced commercial growers he stated that a variety could not be properly judged until it had been grown for three successive seasons, and this suggestion should be carefully remembered by those who are inclined to condemn with- out sufficient trial. Unfavorable climatic or local cultural conditions might account for failure to perform properly the first year a variety was tested. On the other hand, conditions for growing may be more favorable the first year and after growing for two or three years the results might be quite different. Don’t be in too much of a hurry to accept or reject any particular variety as one of your standards until you have time to judge it. The writer is especially concerned with synonyms. Much confusion in nomenclature has been caused by a difference in the standards or the tastes of hybridists. Groff, Coblentz, Kunderd, and many others, in the early years of their work, produced an excellent lot of seedlings which have been disseminated unnamed about the whole country. Other growers have recognized enough merits in them to justify naming. The result has been that two or more growers have named the same seedling. In many cases growers have mixed these miscellaneous bulbs with their own seedlings and felt that they had originated them. Adjustment can usually be made if it can be properly determined who first christened the variety. The confusion is becoming somewhat cleared up by the Nomenclature Committee of the American Gladiolus Society, whose business it is to register each new variety requested and establish a standard description of that variety. Unfortunately it is impossible to settle all questions of this kind. One of the most puzzling has been the question of the proper name for Coblentz No. 312, or William Mason. Mr. Coblentz is sure that he originated No. 312, and that he sold it to Mr. Huntington and Vaughan’s Seed Store. Mr. Huntington named it Grenadier, and Mr. Vaughan Velvet 277 278 CoRNELL SEES BULLETIN II King. The name Grenadier had been used previously by both Vilar and Lemoine. The next oldest name is thus Velvet King. Mr. Crawford, who originated the variety William Mason some twenty years ago, does not believe this is the same variety as the above-mentioned. However, on the trial grounds, the variety William Mason from Crawford, from Mallory & Brown, and from Teas was identical with Grenadier from Huntington and Velvet King from Vaughan. It is interesting to note that several other names have been applied to this variety, namely, Emma (by Coblentz), Richmond Red (by Teas), and Sidney Grant (by Ruff). Under such circumstances, no matter how the question of a variety name is settled, some one feels that an injustice has been done. Nevertheless some authority must be vested in the Nomenclature Committee, else its existence is useless. It is now determined wise to submit, through the Jeading florists’ publications, the names and descrip- tions of varieties before they are finally named. In this way any ques- tion of priority of name and individuality of variety can be openly discussed previous to final judgment. METHODS USED IN TESTING AND DESCRIBING VARIETIES When a variety is received for trial purposes, the name is copied on a filing card, together with the name of the donor, the date received, and if possible a short description of the variety as given by the firm from which the stock has been received. In the latitude of Ithaca planting can hardly be done before April 30, and often not until early May. Each year a new piece of ground is chosen for the planting in order to escape the possibility of disease due to a previous crop. The rows are plowed out about seven to eight inches deep and three and one-half feet apart. As the soil is a rather heavy clay loam, it is thought best not to plant deeper. With a shovel the furrows are made a little more level, and the loose lumps are removed. The varieties are placed one to each numbered stake, the corms standing approximately seven inches apart. About a week after planting, according to weather conditions, the crust is broken over the rows in order that the young shoots may easily reach the surface of the soil. A coarse-toothed surfacer has been found to be about the best tool for this purpose. The particular tool used on the trial grounds resembles a rake except that it has only three long teeth. Up to the time of blooming, cultivation is continued both by horse and with the hoe. Each day as the varieties come into bloom they are noted on the description blanks. Since the first bloom is often hardly characteristic in color and markings, the flower characters are noted several days after the first one opens. GrapbioLus Stupies — III 279 CORNELL VARIETY TEST OF GLADIOLI Nowe => NAME Op Nos. J. i 3 teal has Pac a cg oo ee ORIGINATOR ite re DaTE INTRO. DONATED BY SPECIES OBSERVER DaTE BLOOM — SizE— Very large-large-medium-smail. ECT) REY 3 75 age Sn a oe Se A SRE marking SEGMENTS — Equal-unequal; connivent-separate. Upper — Horizontal-hooded-reflexed; broad-narrow. LowER—straight-reflex; broad-narrow. STAMENS — Color of filament;.................. MMISiHAES, cea et ees oF TuBE—Straight-curved; slender-stout; long-short; compact-Joose. SPIKE — Tall-medium-short; erect-curved-drooping; free-fair-bloomer-no bloom. No. blooms........ REMARKS ON BLOOM — Compact, loose; keeping quality................. ; substance. ....... HABIT OF PLANT — Erect-drooping; tall-medium-dwarf. Height of plant....................... Spreading-eompact. GROWTH — Good-medium-poor. SEASON—Early-mid-season-late. PROLIFICACY — No. Corms— Many-few. Siz—E— Large-small. No. Cormets— Many-few. SizE— Large-small. FOLIAGE —Well-furnished-medium-poor; broad-medium-narrow; veins prominent-obscure. COMMERCIAL VALUE — Cut FLower — Extra good-good-medium-poor. LANDSCAPE—Extra good-good-medium-poor. VALUE AS A WHOLE — Extra good-good-medium-poor. REMARKS. 5 ZESTIVATION PA OTRES SENG |... 2's orale «dik 6 tae ING: tial PIEW n60 ce 6 cunic bmi No. that bloomed.............. At the time of describing the varieties, little time is available for noting the name of the originator and the date of introduction. These facts are filled in later, usually during the winter. From catalogs and by correspondence with men who have introduced varieties, dates of introduction are noted. An attempt is made in describing each variety to note all the important points in regard to growth and structure. The trial grounds usually possess from three to five bulbs of each variety, and it is therefore impossible to make authoritative notes descriptive of certain points. For example, it would be difficult to determine definitely that a variety was of good keeping quality. It might be possible to get an idea of the keeping quality, but since temperature and environmental factors through- out the blooming season vary so much it has been felt that this question would almost bear special investigation. 280 CoRNELL EXTENSION. BULLETIN II A definite standard of size has not been accepted, owing to the fact that ideas differ much as to just what is to be considered large and what small. In general, blooms ten centimeters or over in diameter are called large; those below seven centimeters, small; those between the two limits, medium-sized. (One inch equals approximately two and one-half centi- meters.) Since the varieties tested here were given equal and identical culture, the sizes of the blooms should be proportional. Many of the varieties will be reported much too small. No attempt has been made to give exceptional culture for results; the plants have merely been given ordinarily good care. The color of the perianth is carefully compared with the most com- prehensive color chart available. The one used on the trial grounds here and accepted by the Color Chart Committee of the American Gladiolus Society is that of the Société Francaise des Chrysanthémistes, and is called the Répertoire de Couleurs. There are three hundred and sixty-five plates, and four variations of each color on each plate. Con- cerning each’color, the chart indicates the names of certain other flowers that are of this particular color. Each person has a different conception of colors, so that it is highly vaiuable to standardize the color nomencla; ture. Black gives an interesting description of the variety Independence, the color of which is variously called by the catalogs light scarlet, light red, rosy pink, deep rosy pink to orange scarlet, and deep pink bordering on scarlet. By reference to the color chart, the color is found to be carthamin, or Lincoln, red (Plate 88, Shade II; in the descriptions the color is indicated only as 88-II). The color chart here shows the variety to be of the same color as Euphorbia splendens and of several zonal pelargoniums. Besides the main color of the bloom, careful descriptions are prepared of the markings. The terms used in designating the characteristic markings are given beneath the drawing on the opposite page. In determining the colors of the stamens the color chart is not used, the color being merely a matter of personal opinion of the one describing the variety. The bloom is divided into two segments when comparing their positions and widths. When the upper and lower segments are together — in other words, when there has not been a decided division of the bloom horizontally —the term conmivent is applied; the opposite condition is expressed by the term separate. When the upper segment is not erect nor decidedly hooded, the condition is called horizontal. The term reflex is applied to cases where the segments are rolled back in any way. The character of the perianth tube is not of great importance except as an additional means of identification of Giapiotvus S5tupies — III 281 FIG. 39. MARKINGS FOUND IN PERIANTH SEGMENTS OF VARIETIES OF GLADIOLUS A, flecks (very small dashes) B, dashes or splashes (long irregular dashes) C, feathering (dashes or fine markings that originate at the outer edges of the segments) D, mottling (irregular spots wider and more prominent than dashes) E, suffusion (colors laid on as though painted on another color) F, blend (gradual transition from one tone ofa color to another of the same color, or from one color to some other different color) G, clear throat (unmarked in any way) H, dots I, stippling (very fine dots in the throat) J, penciling (lines of the throat) K, mottling (irregular spots in the throat) L, blotch (regular, large areas of color on lower segments) M, marbling (an intermixed or clouded effect) : Y, the lozenge blotch found in many of the manus varieties in which the center is clear and the outer edge much deeper in color : B, C, D, E, F, and G are found in various parts of the perianth 4H, I, J, K,L, M, and N are throat markings 282 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II a variety in which the character seems rather constant. The substance, the form, and the peculiarities of the bloom are carefully noted. Compari- sons with other somewhat similar varieties are made. It has been inter- esting, also, to get a little information concerning the number of blooms open at one time on a spike. As each variety comes into bloom it is tagged, and the date recorded. Each year these dates are compared. Seasons vary greatly as regards temperature, moisture, and in various other ways, so that it is difficult to say that a certain variety blooms in a definite number of days. This year perhaps the season is hot and moist, and the variety blooms in seventy-five days; the next year conditions are wholly different, and it takes eighty-five days. The method followed has been to take the average number of days from planting to blooming. The condition or maturity of the corm also has much to do with the precocity of blooming, but as an indicator of relative earliness and lateness, it has seemed of value to give a definite number of days. In describing the spike, those above one hundred centimeters are considered tall, those below sixty centimeters rather dwarf, and the others of medium height. Height is measured from the soil to the tip of the spike. The number of blooms per spike is given. Here again criticism would be just, since exceptional corms might produce many more blooms. The average is taken as the number to be recorded. The number of shoots and spikes per corm is also noted. The habit of a gladiolus really resolves itself into a consideration of erectness, height, and whether of spreading or of compact growth. Com- pact plants are those in which the leaves are not decidedly divergent nor drooping. The question of vigorous growth is judged by abundance and excellence of broad foliage as well as by strength of spike. Due to the heavy soil of the trial grounds, cormels do not attain a large size, and many times do not develop. The notes in regard to prolificacy should thus be read with these points in mind. In deter- mining the size of the corm, the size when received or when planted is compared with the size at digging. If the corm attains on the average a large size, the variety is given the benefit of the doubt and is said to produce large corms. With age, corms normally large break up into a number of smaller ones. The size has been judged from corms supposedly in their prime. From year to year the descriptions are compared. If they differ widely from previous years, they are changed. The writer has not found such great changes in color from year to year as many growers report. The chief difference is found in so-called white varieties,? 1Gladiolus studies—II. Culture and hybridization of the gladiolus. Cornell Extension Bulletin 10, p. 230. GriapIoLts Stupies — III 283 which often develop a considerable rose tinge in the perianth during certain seasons or on certain soils. This coloration has been noted in the variety Peace, which is always rather feathered on this trial ground. In the cases where descriptions of varieties were to be had from catalogs, they were considered, and often excerpts from them are included in the descriptions. Careful drawings were frequently made, showing the markings of the petalage. Numerous photographs have been taken of the varieties. More attention has been given to procuring the proper representation of flower characters than to obtaining artistic results and full or perfect spikes. On the line with the originator in the descriptions that follow, are noted such varieties as have been registered by the nomenclature com- mittee of the American Gladiolus Society, in each case mention being made of the year of registration and the name of the person registering the variety, if it differs from that of the originator. A. B. DAVIES Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1909 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube almost straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and slightly ruffled, the lower reflexed, broader than the upper. Stamen filaments white, red tinge; anthers rose, violet sutures. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1) very thickly splashed with cerise (91-111), White stripe on each of lower segments. Blooms well arranged, of an attractive color, per- haps too mottled for commercial value. Season — Early; 68 days. Spike — Medium tall (84 cm.), erect, fair number of blooms (10), slender. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with short, medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ABDEL KADER Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender,- long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink tipped; anthers violet. Perianth deep carmine-violet (174-111). A compact bloom of good tough substance. Season — Mid-season to late; 89 to 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13), not branched. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Poor; plant well furnished with narrow leaves, much diseased. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ADELINA Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1908 Group — Childsii Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (12.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments pink; styles white. Perianth madder lake (brighter than 122-I1V) with carmine lake pencilings on a yellow-green throat. Medial lines of lower segments deeper in shade. Bloom good clear pink, wide open. 284 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 91 days. ! Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, branched, a fair number of blooms (18 on main, 7 on secondary). Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. ADOLPHE JAENICKE Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 f Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth brighter than rosy pink (118-1v), mottled Tyrian rose (155-1) over a white throat. Color good and clear; the mottled throat delicate. Substance medium good, shape good, but bloom rather loose. Season — Mid-season to late; 106 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), drooping, a fair number of blooms (11), not branched. Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Drooping, medium height, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium _ broad leaves. Corms — Small or medium size; cormels, few or none. AFTERGLOW (Christy) Originator — Christy. Seedling 1903 Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Medium large (8-10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper broad and reflexed, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers delicate lavender. Perianth greenish white (15-Iv), often with suffusion of carmine on upper segment. Large blotches of ox blood red (94-11), bordered with pale yellow-green on the lower segments. The bloom much resembles that of Madame Lemoinier, but Madame Lemoinier does not have the bordering of yellow-green. The flower possesses good shape and medium good substance. Season — Mid-season, first week of August; 80 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (97 cm.), erect, though often crooked, thin, a fair number of blooms (12), generally unbranched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Medium; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific, large. AFTERGLOW (Cowee) Originator — Groff, 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914, Cowee Group — Stock from Cowee (Described from cut spikes.) Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish cream; anthers cream, lilac sutures. Perianth salmon-fawn, Tyrian rose (155-1) blotch terminates in white medial line. A rather loose bloom of medium good substance, well open. Season — Mid-season to late, September 9, 1913. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9), not branched. Habit — Erect, tall. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, Corms — GLapDIoLus Stupies — III 285 AJAX Originator — Childs Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Small (6.5-7 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth cardinal-red (112-1), striped on white ground. Tyrian rose (155-II) stripes on each of lower segments. Flowers often on all sides of the eS Season — Mid-August; 97 days. Spike — Medium dwarf (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), not branched. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium; plant medium well furnished with narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ALASKA Originator — Childs. Intro. 1911. Reg. A. G. S., 1912 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges, the lower reflexed and narrower than the upper. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white (7-1), with Tyrian rose (155-1) penciling or dotting on lemon-yellow throat. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Five blooms open at once. Season — Early September; 113 days. Spike — Medium height (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. ‘Corms — Meditm size; cormels, few. ALICE CAREY Originator — Group — Childsii Stock from Teas; Babcock Synonyms — Probably same as Snowcrest of Livingston Seed Company; much like Snowbank of Cowee. Bloom — Medium size (7 cm. and larger). Tube perfectly straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper slightly reflexed and broader than the lower narrower segment. Stamen filaments white; anthers dark blue. Perianth pure white with solferino-red (157—IV) splashes i in throat. This variety does not contain the areas of yellow that are found in Snowbank. An excellent nearly clear white landscape or commercial variety. Rather good substance, often blooms on all sides of spike. Season — Mid-season, early August; 86 days. Spike — Medium tall (89 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15 on main, 5 on secondary), more branching than Snowbank. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather compact. Sg — Vigorous; plant growth medium poor, lax foliage, inferior to Snowbank in oliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific, medium size. ALICE CHAMBERLAIN Originator — Kunderd Grou Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, very slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; anthers deep violet. Perianth brighter than plum violet (172-1V) with white areas at the sides of the throat. Segments edged with white. The color is the same as that of Empress of India (Velthuys) except for white edging of the segments. Season — September 3, 1913; 113 days. 286 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, drooping leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ALICE ROOSEVELT. See Hollandia. ALL-A-GLOW Originator — Miller Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (14 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, . con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments reddish white; anthers red. Perianth scarlet (85-Iv), with an amber- white throat speckled and penciled with French purple (161-1v). A compact bloom of medium substance. Excellent glowing color. Seven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 78 days. Spike — Medium height (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (21), two branches. Habit — Erect, medium dwarf, spreading. _ Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. ALOIS NERGER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers lilac. Perianth carthamin red (88-1), feathered and suffused with pale slate- lilac, throat blotched with near blood red (93-1V). A rather muddy color. Somewhat ruffled edges. A compact bloom of excel- lent substance. Season — Mid-season; 88 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Two spikes usually produced per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. AMARYL Originator — Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Tracy Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers red. Perianth poppy color (84-1), amber-white (12-1) medial lines, and throat blotched with blood red (93-Iv). Good clear colors, attractive throat markings. Compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 88 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. AMERICA Originator — Banning, Groff, and Christy (intro. 1900) all claim the honor Group— Gandavensis X Lemoinei (May < Madam Auber) Stock from Childs; Umpleby Synonym — Banning’s name for this variety was Reuben H. Warder. GiapioLus Stupies — III 287 Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper slightly reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and ~ narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers lavender. Perianth lavender-pink, a more rosy tint of mauve-rose (153-Iv), the color blending to almost white as it approaches the throat; the throat marked with Tyrian rose (155-111). This is the standard commercial variety at the present time. A delicate color, well formed. Not so good substance as that of Panama. (See descriptions of Mapleshade and Panama.) Seems excellent for forcing. Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 87 days. Spike — Medium tall (86 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20 on main, 7 and 10 on branches). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. AMERICA’S LADY Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers violet. Perianth mauve-rose, with a lemon-yellow throat spotted with Tyrian rose. A rather loose bloom of rather good substance. Season — September 1; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms eee size; few cormels formed, but the originator says that the variety is prolific. AMETHYST Originator — Stewart Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers violet. Perianth rosy magenta (16g—IVv), with blotch of amaranth-red (168-Iv) terminating in dash of lemon-yellow. The lower lip segment is very narrow. Bloom compact and of good substance. Season — Latter part of August, 1913; 103 days. Spike — Medium tall (82 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12-15), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium small; cormels, few or none. ANDRE CHENIER Originator — Lemoine Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Small (7 cm.).- Tube curved, stout, very short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments dirty white; anthers light lavender. Perianth pale reddish lilac (131), splashed and feathered deeper. Lower segments with yellow-green (16-1v) tips, and blotched with purple-garnet (165). Good substance, excellent colors. ~Too small. Season — Mid-season to late; 112 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Hatit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few or none. 288 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II ANGELINA Originator — Kelway Group — Childsii Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size. Tube curved, slender, long. Segments nearly equal, con- nivent; the upper rather hooded and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; styles white. Perianth madder lake (122-1v), splashed occasionally with red. A yellow blotch in throat streaked with geranium (111-1). Good keeping qualities. Season — Mid-August; 85 to 90 days. Spike — Medium tall, erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, prominently veined. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium size, few. (Described by Gone J. -Burt.) ANNIE WIGMAN Originator — Hopman Group — Stock from Warnaar Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broader than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments cream; anthers light lavender. Perianth yellowish white (13-111), with lemon-yellow (21-1) throat on which is a lilac-purple (160-1v) splashed blotch. A compact bloom of medium good substance and dainty color. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 96 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, large, medium prolific. ANTON BUCHNER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers white, violet sutures. Perianth carthamin red (88-1) with amber-white (12-1) throat and medial lines. Segments feathered with deep carthamin red (88-1v). Good color. Six blooms open at once. Season — Spike — Medium tall (105 cm.), erect, many blooms (22), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. APRIKOSA Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1913 Group — Gandavensis or Lemoinei Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth pale blush (137-1), very thickly feathered with crimson-carmine (159-IV), and a large attractive blotch of French purple (161-11) bordered by amber-yellow (28-11). An excellent spike of a bright, showy color. A compact bloom of excellent substance. Nine to eleven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 88 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), ones a fair number of blooms (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous: plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large size; cormels, prolific. GLapDIoLus StTupies — III 289 ARIZONA | Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A. G. S., I9I4 Group — Stock from Wright Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers salmony. Perianth lilac-rose (152-1v), medial lines of © lip French purple (116-1v) shading lighter on each side into a blotch. A compact bloom of good color and substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant very well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ARTHUR TOMS Originator — Kelway, 1900 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, the edges incurved, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lavender, violet sutures. Perianth fiery red (80-Iv); in some there are no markings, in others crimson-red (114-IvV) pencilings merging into fiery red form a blotch. The outer segments are con- spicuously larger than the inner. The color is rich, brilliant, and velvety. Season — First of August; 73 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20). Two spikes often borne per corm. Halit — Very erect, medium tall, medium compact. . Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ASHES OF ROSES Originator — Christy Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Small (6 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and somewhat hooded, the lower but slightly reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments rose; anthers lavender. Perianth, tips of segments in most cases violet-lilac (175-111) merging into flesh color (139-Iv), blotches of Corinthian red (105-11), medial lines somewhat reddish. Christy says: ‘‘ Seems very good for funeral work with wreaths of like color.” Color is inexplicable, somber, washy. Season — Mid-August; 88 to 90 days. Spike — Medium short (61 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. ATTRACTION Originator — Childs. Intro. 1906. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsti Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium large (10 cm.). Tube slightly curved, medium stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broader than the lower straight segment. Stamen filaments white; anthers dark violet. Perianth cardinal- red (112-1), with a white streak on lower segments, and a creamy white throat, No markings except this. The flower is well open, the color clear and bright, Season — Rather early, August 2, 1912, to August’9, 1913; 72 days. 290 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 : Spike — Medium short (65 cm.), erect,a fair number of blooms (12). Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant furnished with medium area foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. AUGUSTA Originator — Hallock Group — Gandavensis Stock from Umpleby; Childs Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) splashed and feathered with solferino-red (157-1), the medial lines of the lower segments also solferino-red. Throat penciled. Much lilac is usually developed so that it can hardly be called pure white. Season — Mid-August; 102 days. Spike — Tall (118 cm.), erect, an abundance of bloom (18 on main, 9, Io, and II on secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, rather spreading. Growth — Vigorous: plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, prommideet veined. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few, small. AURORA (Childs)? Originaior — Miller Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom —Smali (6-7 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent: the upper hooded and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments rosy white; anthers lilac. Perianth light violet-rose (154-1) thickly feathered with solferino-red (157-I1v) and blotched with plum-violet, (172-1v), tipped by spot of yellow. A bright color. A compact, bell-shaped bloom of good substance, but very brittle. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Rather early; 72 days. Spike — Rather tall (os cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. AURORA (Hoeg). See Hiawatha. AUSTIN No. 25 Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Very large (12-13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper broad, the lower narrower. Stamen filaments salmon-pink; anthers lavender. Perianth madder lake (122-1, but more reddish) with a large blotch of deep madder lake (122-1v, but brighter). The bloom is very loose, the segments rolled and ruffled — an objectionable feature. Season — Early September; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, producing blooms freely (20 on the main and 9 on the secondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific, large. ~ 2Lemoine also catalogs a variety by this name. GLaDIOLus StupiEs — III 2091 AUSTIN No. 30 Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth pure mauve (181-11 and -1v), with an amaranth-red (168-1v) blotch in the throat and lighter medial lines. An excellent clear glistening color, but the substance is not very good. Season — September 1; 103 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. AUSTIN No. 52 Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Very large (12 cm.). Tube slightly curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers lavender. Perianth pure white with a Tyrian rose (155-111) intermixed throat. The segments are also slightly suffused with Tyrian rose. The bloom is large, well arranged, nearly clear white, and well open. It could be well called an extra good cut-flower and landscape variety. Season — Mid-September; 105 to 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, producing blooms freely (19). Habit — Erect, medium tall. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, small. AUSTIN No. 55. See Rose Wells. AUSTIN No. 56 Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers gray. Perianth somewhat brighter than madder lake (122) and pinker than poppy color (84), with large scarlet (85-111 and —Iv) irregular blotches on pale yellow-green throat, white medial lines. Color bright, and substance fairly good. Season — September 1; 102 days. Spike — Tall (112 cm.), erect, free blooming (19 on main and 6 on secondary). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. AUSTIN No. 57 Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower narrower. Stamen filaments reddish white; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-1v) with large broad blotches of scarlet (87-1) on lower segments. Color fades from outer edge of segment toward center. Bloom well open, well arranged, and excellent in color; substance not exceptional. Season — Mid-season to late; 107 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. 292 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 AUSTIN No. 58 Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, with reflexed edges, the lower broader and reflexed. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers yellow. Perianth rosy pink (118-Iv) with the edges marked slightly darker, the lower segments with a scarlet (87-1, only more russety) throat and deep medial line. Bloom of good substance and delicate color. ‘ Season — Early August to early September; 92 days. Spike — Tall (107 cm.), erect, free blooming (20), two branches. Two spikes frequently occur per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. AUTEN’S 7-2 Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth deep cerise (123-Iv), a sulfur-white throat marked with a deep French purple (161-1v) blotch. Color somewhat mottled, not clear. Bloom of good form and substance; color fairly acceptable, even though not clear. Season — September 5, 1912; 106 days. Spike — Tall (101 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16 on main, 5 on secondary). Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Exceptionally vigorous. In one case five shoots were produced per corm. Plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, very prolific, small. AUTEN’S 8-1 Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and narrow, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth coral-red (76-111), with a strawberry red (110-1v) blotch on lower lip fading to coral-red and terminated by a light yellow-green dash. Color good and clear. Auten says: ‘“‘ Color dull in indoor light.”’ Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 70 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (go cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium tall. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. AUTEN’S 9-14 Ce — Auten roup — Stock from Auten Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower narrower and reflexed. Stamen filaments white; anthers reddish lilac. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1) with a deeper Lincoln red intermixed blotch in the throat. Bloom of good shape, well open, of good substance, but not of a clear color. Season — Late July to August; 72 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, free blooming (23), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, medium spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, medium prolific. GLapIoLus Stupres — III 293 A. W. CLIFFORD Originator — Kunderd. Intro. Brown Group — Stock from Brown Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, very long. © Segments unequal, connivent; the upper hooded and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth old carmine-red (107-IV) with amaranth-red (168-1v) throat and lighter Jilacy-tinted medial lines. Rather compact bloom of medium substance, slightly ruffled. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Early; 69 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, medium prolific. AZURE Originator — Stewart. Intro. 1909 Group — Lemoinei (?) Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper hooded and narrower, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments lilac; anthers violet. Perianth bright violet (198-11) with a near amaranth-red (168—Iv) blotch. Bloom exceedingly compact and of good substance, but color is rather washy. Season — Mid-season; 82 to 87 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. BALTIMORE : Originator — Cowee, 1910. Reg. A. G. S., 1914. Cowee Group — Stock from Woodruff Synonym — Formerly called Salmon Queen by Woodruff. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments salmony; anthers salmony white. Perianth sal- mon-pink (126-1), color deeper at edges; lower lip blotched with fire red (80-1v) ~ and deeper. Excellent color. Rather loose bloom of medium good substance. Two or three blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 82 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9-12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. BARCLAY Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., I9I4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow.- Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-Iv) with an amber-white throat. Bloom well open and of good substance. Season — August 26. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, with 8 on secondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few, medium size. 204 CorNELL Extension BuLLetIN 11 BARON JOSEPH HULOT Originator — Lemoine Group — Lemoinei Stock from Dreer; Gage Synonyms — Also written Josef Hulot. This variety has often been erroneously given aS a synonym of Blue Jay (Groff); Blue Jay (Childs) is, however, a : synonym. Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments lilac; styles whitish. Perianth velvety pur- ple with lemon-yellow (21-11) dash on medial lines of lower segments. Resembles Heliotrope except that Heliotrope has red dashes on lower segments, while Baron Joseph Hulot has lemon- yellow dashes. The pollen shed on the dark velvety segments causes them to appear shabby. Season — Mid-August to late August; 82 to 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, often curved, blooms freely. Habit — Drooping, medium height, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well fur- nished with narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. BEACON FIRE Originator — Christy Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; anthers red-violet. Perianth cherry-red (9I-Iv) with drab feathering and drab-red inter- mixtures in the throat. Almost a self color, excellent, deep, the blotch not contrasting. Bloom compact and of good substance. Season — Mid-season to late, late eo: 1 ; August; 112 days. PIGS g00s BRMON SEE Sato Spike oe Medians tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Two spikes often appear per corm, as well as many suckers. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, many. GuapioLus Stupies — ITI 205 BEAUTY a Originator — May 4 Group — Stock from May Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the tower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth deep carmine-purple (156-I1v), darker dash inthroat. Exceedingly brilliant. A self color except for very slightly deeper line in throat. Compact bloom of medium good substance. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Halt — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. BELLE MAUVE Originator — Group — Lemoinei (?) Stock from Warnaar Bloom— Large (10cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontaland broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers violet. Perianth pure mauve (181-1) often feathered deeper, with lilacy white throat and a deep mauve (181-Iv) blotch. Well- open, compact bloom of rather good sub- stance. Three blooms open at one time. Season — Early August; 83 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (21). Habit — Very erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. cos Medium size; cormels, medium pro- lific BEN HUR Originator — Childs Group — Stock from Teas Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white, scarlet tips. Perianth light scarlet (85-11) feath- ered with deeper scarlet, the lower seg- Fic. 4I. BERTHA COMSTOCK ments with a finely lined blotch of scarlet (85-1v, but with less yellow thaniv). Teas describes the color as salmon-rose. Season — Mid-season; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms, branched. Hatit — Erect, medium height, spreading. . eS 296 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN It FIG. 42. BERTREX Growth — Good to medium; plant medium well fur- nished with medium nar- row foliage. cae — Medium size; cormels, ew. BERTHA COMSTOCK Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium stout, -short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with slightly ruffled edges and a trie narrower than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth carmine-purple (156-1), thickly feathered with dark carmine-purple (156-IV). Could be called a red-and- pink-striped bloom. Season — Mid-season, late August; 94 to 97 days. Spike — Attractive, long (145 cm.), erect, blooms freely (26 on main, 17 and 18 on secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Exceptional; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, many. BERTREX Originator —Austin. Reg. A. G.5S., 1914 Group Stock from Austin Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slen- der, long. Segments un- equal, connivent; the upper slightly reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers white, pur- ple sutures. Perianth lilacy white (7-11), two Tyrian rose (155-1) lines in the throat and pale yellow-green me- dial lines. A nearly pure white, dainty bloom of medium substance. Seems good for forcing; blooms are produced in about 112 days. Six blooms open at onetime. GuapDIoLus StupiEs — III 207 Season — Middle to late August; 97 to 102 days. Spike — Medium short (61 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Extra vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. BESSIE RAND Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth rosy pink (118-11) with clear yellow-green blotches on lower segments. A good color. The two lower lateral segments are laterally folded. Season — Mid-season, late August; 84 to 90 days. Spike — Tall (108 cm.), erect, blooms freely (17 on main, 6 on side branches). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium to narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, borne abundantly. a : BIG MEDICINE Originator — Teas Group — Stock from Teas Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink with faint Tyrian rose (155-1) intermixtures on a lemon-yellow lip. A very dainty color; bloom well arranged and of good substance. Season — Late, late September; 120 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9-12). Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, few. BIRD OF PARADISE Originator — Isaiah Lower Group—Gandavensis Stock from Wilmore; Flanagan Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-11) thickly splashed and feathered with Lincoln red (88-11), with a lemon-yellow throat penciled with crimson-carmine. The segments are pointed, and the whole spike shows strong Gladiolus oppositiflorus characters. Season — Mid-season; 82 days. Spike — Rather dwarf (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium poor; plant furnished with medium narrow foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, freely produced. BIRD OF PARADISE (Kunderd). See Gaiety. BIZARRE Originator — Christy Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Medium size (9cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight 298 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lavender. Perianth lilacy white (7-Iv) with faint splashes and feathering of Tyrian rose (155-1) and large blotches of Tyrian rose (155-Iv) on lower lip. The blotch has a lemon-yellow line running through it. Season — Mid-August; 88 days. \ Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (19 on main, 4 on — secondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant furnished with medium poor foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. BLACK BEAUTY Originator — Stewart, 1911. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments with red tips; anthers violet. Perianth carmine-red (113-Iv) with French purple medial lines and lighter streaking on each side. A rich, deep color. Season — Mid-August. Spike — Medium tall (78 cm.), erect, blooms freely (15). Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Good to medium; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium sized; cormels, few. BLACK’S SEEDLING H-2 Originator — Black Group — Stock from Black Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segmentsunequal, ~ connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellowish white; anthers reddish violet. Perianth canary-yellow (17-1), the upper segment suffused or tinted with rose, the two lower segments with old carmine-red blotches. Substance good. Blooms are of good form. This variety differs from Lemon Drop only in that the upper segments are rose- tinted, which tinting seems a blemish. Season — Mid-August to late August; 92 to 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (89 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather spreading. Growth — Excellent; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, large. BLANCHE Originator —————. Intro. 1899 Group — Stock from Dreer Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed, narrow, and pointed. Stamen filaments lilacy white. Perianth lilacy white, penciled with Tyrian rose (155-IV) on the throat. Medium good substance. Season — Late August; 106 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), not branched. Two spikes frequently occur per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. GLADIOLUS STubDIEs — III Fic. 43. BLANCHE 300 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 BLOOD SPOT Originator — Group — Stock from Wright Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube slightly curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers reddish violet. Perianth antique red (104-1) thickly feathered and flaked with near dull purple lake (170-1v). Lower segments with lemon-yellow throat blotched and bordered by French purple (161-1v). A dull color. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (25), two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. BLOTCHED ROSELLA Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower slightly reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lavender. Perianth deep carmine (112-1), with a large carmine-purple (156-111) blotch on a light yellow-green throat. Color is excellent — bright and showy. Bloom smaller than that of Rosella, and not much like that variety. Season — Early; 81 days. Spike — Medium tall (74 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Fairly vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few but large. BLUE 4X Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Medium size (7 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers red-violet. Perianth solferino-red (157-1), with amber-white (12-1) throat penciled and dotted with French purple (161-1Vv). A peculiar color. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. BLUE JAY (Childs). See Baron Joseph Hulot. BLUE JAY (Groff) Originator — Groff, 1904 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Christy and others Synonym — See Baron Joseph Hulot. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments bluish white; anthers blue-violet. Perianth lobelia blue (205-1) ‘splashed with deeper lobelia blue (205-1v). _ Lemon-yellow throat blotched with rich pansy violet (191-1v). Color is not quite so clear as it should be. Bloom compact and of medium good substance. The variety Baron Joseph Hulot is frequently given as a synonym, but Blue Jay is distinctly bluish in color, while Baron Joseph Hulot is a velvety purple. Season — Mid-season; 103 days. Spike — Medium tall (83 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). GiapioL_us Stupies — III 301 Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium few. BOSTON Originator —Childs. Reg. A.G.S., Igi4 Group — Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (85-1V), with white throat dotted and intermixed with Tyrian rose (155-1) and darker. Bloom rather loose and substance medium good. Season — Latter part of August; 103 days. Spike — Medium short (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. BOUQUET D’OR . Originator — Stewart. Intro. IgII Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments equal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments white; styles yellowish white. Perianth cream tinted rosy pink (118), the lower segments yellow-green with carmine-red (113-1v) blotch. Season — Mid-August; 94 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. BRENCHLEYENSIS Originator — Unknown. Intro. Youell Group — Gandavensis Stock from Umpleby Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube almost straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and narrow, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments reddish white; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87-Iv), segments feathered darker, throat yellow-green marked with scarlet with a French purple medial line. Color bright. One of the oldest, but ever a favorite landscape v a: Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 106 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Two spikes per corm. Hatit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. BRIGHTNESS Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1909 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium large (9-11 em.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper narrower than the lower, and the edges of both upper and lower segments reflexed. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers violet. ‘Perianth scarlet (87-Iv) with a sulfury white throat spotted and penciled with scarlet. Bloom possesses medium good substance; three open at one time. Seems a good cut flower because of its straight spike and clear colors. Season — Early August; 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (73 cm.), very erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Two spikes per corm. 302 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II Habit — Very erect, medium tall, medium compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. BRITANNIA Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1906 : Group — Childsii Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and as broad as the upper. Stamen filaments pink; styles pink. Perianth Lincoln red (88-11) with a blood-red-and- white-speckled throat. Season — Mid-August. Spike — Tall (120 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. ae — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. orms — (Described by George J. Burt.) BURCHETT NO. 389 Originator — Burchett Group — : Stock from Burchett Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments white; anthers yellow, with violet suture lines. Perianth rose- pink (brighter than 118-Iv), with lemon-yellow throat and large penciled blotch of carmine. Good color and substance. Season — Late August; 95 days. Spike — Tall (118 cm.), erect, blooms freely (25 on main, 12 and 13 on secondary). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. BURREL Originator — Woodruff. Reg. A. G.S., 1914, Black Group — Stock from Woodruff Synonym — Napoleon of Darling and Beahan. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth cherry red (91-1), with blood red (93-Iv) intermixed blotch bordered by yellow-green. A slight feathering of slate in edges of the segments. Compact blooms of good substance, arranged well on the spike. Season — Early August; 83 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Extra vigorous; plant well furnished with broad, though somewhat drooping, leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. BUSTER BROWN Originator — Auten Group —Gladiolus dracocephalus hy- brid Stock from Auten Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments dull gray; anthers red-violet. Perianth amber- white (12-1) thickly speckled and flecked with currant red (115-Iv), throat lemon- yellow. A very peculiar color. Much resembles its parent, Gladzolus dracoceph- alus. A good shape. Five blooms open at one time. Giapiotus Stupres — III 303 Season — Mid-season; 97 pee Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), two branches. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CALIFORNIA: ~ Originator — Cowee, 1907. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Stock from Cowee Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments violet-rose; anthers violet. Perianth light Tyrian rose (155) marked with a bit deeper Tyrian rose (155-1), with an amber-white throat nearly covered by large areas of Tyrian rose dots. The size and color are acceptable. Season — August; 96 days. Spike — Very tall (115 cm.), drooping, a fair number of blooms (15 on the main, II and 12 on two secondaries); branches are badly curved. Habit — Drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Small; cormeis, few. CANADA. See Meadowvale. CANARY BIRD Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IgI4 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8-10 cm.). Tube curved, rather slender, ratherlong. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellowish; anthers pale lilac. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-4), the two lower inferior segments a deeper lemon-yellow (21-11), a little narrower than the other segments. A slight suffusion of rose is found in the perianth seg- ments. A dainty bloom of medium substance. For use in landscape, the colors combine well with Baron Joseph Hulot. Season — Mid-season to late; 96 to 100 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (30), often two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Rather vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium sized; cormels, few. CANDIDUM Originator — Austin. Reg. A. G. S., Igi4 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Austin Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper broad with reflexed edges, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pure white; anthers delicate lavender. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) with faintest tinge of pale yellow-green on the lower lip. A slight tinge of carmine feathering develops as the bloom fades. There is deep carmine at the base of the throat. A delicate color. Feathering develops when the variety is forced. Season — Mid-August; 89 to 95 days. Forces in about 112 days. Spike — Tall (101 cm.), erect, blooms freely (21 on main, 8 and II on two secondaries). Two spikes per corm. Halit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium wide leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. 3 Another California was introduced by Burbank in 1890. 304 CorRNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN 11 CANICULE Originator — Souchet -Vilmorin. Intro. 1904 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Sta- men filaments cream; anthers flesh color with violet sutures. Perianth scarlet (87-111) with amber-white (12-1) throat. A good color. Compact bloom of good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (115 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), one branch. Two spikes per corm. = Habit — Drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. CAPRICE 4 Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broader than the lower straight ones. Stamen filaments pink; anthers pinkish lavender. Perianth violet-rose (154-Iv) with a crimson-red (114-Iv) penciled blotch and a slight dash of yellow-green on the medial line. Good substance. Season — Mid-season, early to mid-August; 82 to 85 days. Spike — Tall (97 cm.), erect, free-blooming (20 on main, 13 on secondary), one branch. Two spikes often occur per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CAPTAIN C. B. TANNER Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 19t4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper with tips reflexed, the lower broader and reflexed. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers dark blue-violet. Perianth Rose Neyron red (119-11), sparsely marked with crimson. Splashes on segments seem blemishes to an otherwise good pink. Season — Early, late July; 69 to 70 days. Spike — Medium short (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Three spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, dwarf, compact. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves Corms — Large; cormels, prolific, large. CAPTAIN W. L. REEVES Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1910 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (13cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broader than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1v), throat yellow- — green penciled with dark scarlet. Medial lines slightly lighter in color. Color clear, and bloom possesses good substance, is compact and well open. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 85 days. 3 Spike — Medium tall (93 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), two branches. Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, medium spreading. 4There is also a Caprice from Kelway, and another from Vilmorin. GiapioLus Stupres — III 305 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few, small. CAPTIVATION > Originator — Miller Group — Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower (often the lower segment is the broader). Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lavender. Perianth creamy white (10-Iv), with amber-white (12-1v) ‘throat marked with rosy magenta (169-11). An excellent cream-colored bloom. A compact bloom of medium poor substance. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (go cm.), extremely erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CARDINAL (Childs)*® Originator — Childs. Intro. 1904 < Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments un- equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish with white tips; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (87-Iv) with geranium red (uI-1) finely intermixed blotches on lemon-yellow throat. Bloom well open, of a bright showy color. Season — Late, September; 120 days. Spike — Medium height (76 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with rather broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium prolific, small. CARDINAL (May) Originator — May Group — : Stock from May Synonym — May’s Cardinal. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower with reflexed edges and narrower. Stamen filaments with reddish tips; anthers red-violet. Perianth + arple-garnet (165-11) with amber-white (12-1) throat stippled with purple- garnet (165-1). A good deep color. A compact bloom of good substance. Season — Early; 76 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. CARDINAL 5 X. See Great Cardinal. CARDISAN Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Very large (12 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish spotted; anthers almost black. Perianth much deeper than blood red (93-Iv), the throat nearly black. Color could be described as a very deep wine color. Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 93 to 100 days. ° There is also a Captivation from Kelway. 6 There is a Lemoine and a Vilmorin variety by this name. 306 CorNELL Extension BULLETIN 11 Spike — Medium tall (87 em.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, rather tall, compact. - Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, medium prolific. : CAVERS NO. 29 Originator — Cavers Group — Stock from Cavers Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower nearly straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth Naples yellow (29-111) with large carmine-purple (156-1v) blotches. A slight rose suffusion is usually present in the segments. A good shape and a dainty color. Season — Early September; 106 days. Spike — Tall (103 em.), erect, few blooms (6), often branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Grewth — Vigorous; plant rather well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium sized; cormels, prolific. CECIL Originator — May Group — Stock from May Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink. Perianth light carthamin red (88-1) with lemon-yellow throat blotched with blood red (93-1v). A compact bloom of medium substance. Seven blooms open at one time. Season — Rather late; 110 days. Spike — Medium short (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CEDAR ACRES MAUVE. See Scarsdale. C. E. J. ESDALE Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1905 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Seg.nents unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth reddish purple (161-1v) with pale yellow-green lines as the only markings. The edges of the segments are darkest. Color good, and flower has a very velvety appearance. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 89 days. Spike — Tall, erect, blooms freely, with two secondary spikes. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. CELLINI Originator — Kelway Group — Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size. Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; — the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed. Stamen filaments pink; styles lighter pink. Perianth vermilion-red (87-11), Tyrian_ rose (155) medial line on lower segments, lighter on each side. Tint of this lighter color along edge of all segments and on the back. fs Season — August. GrapioLus Stupies — III 307 Spike — Medium short, erect, a fair number of blooms. Halit — Erect, medium tall, compact. ~ Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — (Described by George J. Burt.) CERES Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Ad- vertised 1877-78 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white with pink bases; anthers yellowish brown with violet sutures. Perianth lilacy white (7-1), with a deep lemon-yellow throat blotched with Tyrian rose (155-Iv). Segments slightly feathered with rose. Bloom is compact, of medium good substance, attractive, and bright. Season — Mid-season to late, early September; 102 to 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with ipa broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. _ CHALICE Originator — Umpleby Group — Strong Gladiolus oppositiflorus characters Stock from Umpleby Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower much reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lavender. Perianth lilacy white (7-1), often pure white with a faint dash of Tyrian rose (155-11) on the lower seg- ments, and the base of the lower segments marked with crimson-carmine (159-1). Upper segments often strongly feathered with Tyrian rose. Segments are pointed and of good substance. Blooms have poor arrangement and poor shape. Season — Mid-August; 93 to 100 days. Spike — Very tall (130 cm.), erect, blooms freely (24). Halnt — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, medium prolific. CHAMAELEON Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1912 : Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube almost straight, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, and the segments variously embossed in different parts, the lower straight. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth, three outer segments madder red fading into lighter shrimp pink (75); lower lip yellow-green, penciled with lilac-rose; back of segments with violet- tinged medial lines. Flower very bright in color. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Medium late; 101 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific, small. CHAMONT Originator — Childs ; Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper longer, horizontal, and rather narrow, the lower reflexed and 308 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 narrower. Stamen filaments pink; styles nearly white. Perianth violet-rose (154-1) feathered with Tyrian rose, with lemon-yellow throat penciled with Tyrian rose. The flowers, though small, form a compact spike. Mr. Burt, in Ig1I, noted that the flowers are frequently doubled and possess nine segments. Ten blooms open at one time. Season — Medium late; 111 days. Spike — Tall (75 cm.), erect, blooms freely, not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium prolific. CHARITY Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper hooded and rather narrow, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments lilac; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white, thickly feathered with Tyrian rose (155-111), lemon-yellow throat slightly marked with Tyrian rose. A rather compact bloom of good substance. Would be better if the featherings of Tyrian rose on the edges of the segments were absent. Season — Late August; 89 to 95 days. Spike — Medium (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Two spikes fre- quently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium prolific. CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON Originator — Van Fleet Group — Princeps seedling Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper reflexed and narrower than the lower reflexed; often the upper is the broader. Stamen filaments red; styles red. Perianth cherry red (g1-1v) feathered with dark red, with light blood-red-and-yellow-speckled throat. Season — Late; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, often curved, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few. CHARLES MARTEL Originator — Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Small. Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed and narrow. Perianth lilac-rose, the lower segment with primrose yellow lip blotched with ox blood red. Back of segments splashed. Season — August 9, 1911. Spike — Medium short, erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — (Described by George J. Burt.) CHARLOTTE. See Mary Fennel. GLapDIoLus StupiEes — III 309 CHARLOTTE PFITZER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1913 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers lavender. Perianth fale lilac-rose (178-1), darker at edges of segments. Lower lip lined with single dash of amaranth-red (168-1v). A good color. About same color as that of America. Blooms face various directions. A medium loose bloom of medium substance. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, blooms freely (20). Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Rather drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. CHARMER? Originator — Miller Group — Childsii; Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower retlexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth violet-rose (154-1), deeper at edges, and blotched with Tyrian rose (155-1v), deeper at medial line. A compact, round bloom of medium good substance. Blooms are spaced far apart. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. _ Habit — Erect, medium tall, very spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. CHEERFUL Originator — Group — Stock from Woodruff Bioom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers red-violet. Perianth deep rose-pink (120-IV), with amber-white (12-1) throat marked with a lined blotch of French purple (161-1v). Compact bloom of good shape and medium good substance. Well-arranged blooms. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CHERRY DIAMOND Originator — Woodruff Group — Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). _Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth carmine lake (121- 111) with whitish medial lines, each lower segment blotched with Tyrian rose (155-Iv) bordered by lemon-yellow. Blotch not of a decided shape. A compact bloom of medium substance. Blooms rather far apart. Season — Called ‘‘ early ” by Woodruff; 82 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. 7There is also a variety by this name from Groff, 310 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 CHERRY RED Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth carmine lake (121-11) with lemon-yellow (21-11) throat blotched with deep carmine-purple (150-Iv). An attractive color. -‘‘ Wilts too readily,” says Auten. , Season — Mid-August; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (91 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14 on main, with 9 and 6 on two secondaries). Often two spikes per corm. 5 Habit — Erect, rather tall, spreading. : Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, small, prolific. CHERRY RED, WHITE CENTER Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Small (6.5 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow with edges slightly ruffled, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth cherry red (g1-1v), the edges darker; the throat amber-white (12-11) finely flecked and dotted with deep cherry red. Dotting is fine and attractive. Season — Mid-August; 85 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16 on main, 7 on secondary). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, small but abundant. CHICAGO WHITE Originator —Kunderd. Reg. A. G.S., I9l4, Group — Gandavensis Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and slightly narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth pure white, medial lines of amber-white, and lines of solferino-red (157-1) on the lower segments at the base of the throat. The lines are very fine and inconspicuous, making this a nearly pure white variety. The blooms are often rather small. It should be called an excellent commercial variety, as well as useful for the landscape. Season — Mid-August. Gage calls it the earliest white, as it blooms before July 18. Forces in 107 days; out of doors 75 to 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (96 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, 9 on secondary), branched. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium in size and number; cormels, few and small. CHIEFTAIN Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments red; anthers lavender. Perianth scarlet (87-1), with large French purple (161-1v) blotches on the lower segments. The color of the blotch is really more bright and more reddish than French purple, and is very shiny and attractive. Substance excellent. Season — Mid-August to late August; 85 to 90 days, GLapDIoLus StupiEes — III se if Spike — Very tall (135 cm.), erect, blooms freely (22 on main spike, 8 on secondary), a very strong spike. Habit — Erect, very tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant unusually well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific and large. CHOCOLATE DROP Originator — Stewart. Intro. 1912. Reg. A. G.S., 1914 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers reddish slate. Perianth near reddish lilac (179-1), becoming bluer as it ages, with a purple-garnet (165-11) blotch terminating in a nearly white medial line. The color seems too dingy. The bloom is compact, and the substance excellent. Season — Late August; 89 to 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CHRISTMAS CANDY Originator — White Group — Princeps X Lemoinei Stock from White Bloom — Medium large (9-10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Perianth pure white with slight markings of light crimson-carmine, and a deep crimson-carmine (159-IV) veined throat. The flower possesses good substance, and is a good shape. Season — Early September; 108 days. Spike — Medium tall (93 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Habit — Drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with drooping, medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. CLARICE Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth Rose Neyron red (119-1) splashed and feathered with carmine lake (12I-1v), medial line of blotch deep carmine lake (12I-Iv). Flowers well opened, of medium substance. Four or five open at once. Season — Mid-August; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (82 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. COBLENTZ NO. 003 Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with crinkled edges, not regular, and broader, the lower much reflexed. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth very light scarlet, blending to bright rose (128-1v), throat striped with sol- ferino-red (157-1). A good pink bloom of good substance on a compact spike. Perhaps not a commercial color, 312 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 Season — Mid-August to late August; 71 to 75 days. Spike — Tall (122 cm.), drooping (1913), blooms freely (21 on main, 8 and 12 on secondaries). Often three spikes borne per corm. Habit— Drooping, tall, spread- ing. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, pro- lific. COBLENTZ NO. 304. See Mrs. Scott Durand. COBLENTZ NO. 309 Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers red-vio- let. Perianth cherry red (g1i-11), marked a little darker, lower segments with large blood red (93- Iv) blotch, white medial lines. A good color. Season — Late August; 97 to 110 days. Spike — Short (58 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11), not branched. Habit—Erect, dwarf, compact. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well fur- nished with narrow leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few. COBLENTZ NO. 312. See Velvet King. COBLENTZ NO. 400 Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube almost straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, Fic. 44. COBLENTZ NO. 400 connivent; the upper hori- zontal and broad, the lower straight and also broad. Stamen filaments white; anthers pale lavender. Perianth amber-white (12-1) with large cardinal-red (112-1v) blotch, slight suffu- sion of rose on upper segments. Buds rather yellow. Resembles La Luna, but GriapioLtus Stupres — III 313 the blotch is brighter in color ‘than in that variety. The blotch in La Luna is old dark blood red and is more circular in outline. Season — Mid-August to late; 89 days. Spike — Tall (111 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16 on main, 13 and 12 on secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Growth superior to that of La Luna. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. COLONEL A. C. SLOCUM Originator — Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers red-violet. Perianth geranium lake (89-11) with white medial lines, amber-white to lemon-yellow throat blotched with French purple (161-1v). Good color. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 86 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant rather poorly furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. COLUMBIA Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IgI4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium stout, medium short. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broader than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1) with crimson-carmine lines in the throat. Bloom rather loose and of good substance. The color is described by Childs as light orange-scarlet. Season — Mid-season, late August; 78 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9), not branched. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Medium tall, spreading. Growth — Rather vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CONTRAST Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IgI4 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white with violet sutures. Perianth intense scarlet (87-IV), with a large light lemon-yellow throat; no markings. A compact bloom of excellent substance. Good contrast in color. Five blooms open at ° one time. Season — Mid-season, late August; 88 to 95 days. Spike — Medium short (67 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with rather broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. 314 CorRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN. 11 CORA Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) with a blotch lighter than Tyrian rose (155) cut by a lemon-yellow medial line, and with a deep lemon-yellow throat. A rather loose bloom of good substance. Blooms well arranged on the spike, rather far apart. Buds are slightly yellow. Season — Mid-season to late, early August; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Hahit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with rather narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, rather prolific. CORNISHMAN Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1898 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium large (8-10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper broader with edges decidedly reflexed, the lower slightly reflexed. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth a tint lighter than Lincoln red (88-1) splashed and feathered with darker Lincoln red (88-Iv), the lower segments have a large canary-yellow spot penciled with lilac-purple (160-11). The bloom has an objectionable closed appear- ance; the color is not quite clear enough; and the substance is not the best. Season —In 1911, it bloomed on August 9; in I912, on August 8; in 1913, on August 2. Mid-season; 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (76 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13), branched. Often two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, large though few. COUNTESS AMY Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1899 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth lilac-rose (152-11) thickly splashed with carmine lake (12I-Iv), with an amber-white (12-1) throat. The splashing does not seem so pronounced some seasons. The color is rather contrasting, the shape excellent, and the flower has a charming attraction. Season — Mid-season, second week in August; 82 to 86 days. Spike — Medium tall (94 cm.), erect, branched, a fair number of blooms (13 on main, 6 on a branch). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Very good; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few, large. COUNTESS OF LEICESTER Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1908 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Extremely large (18 cm., or 7 in.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges and very broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white, salmon-pink tips; anthers salmon-pink. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1); speckled yellow-green throat. Bloom well open, of good color, and of rather good sub- _ stance for so large a bloom. Season — Early, July 29; 68 to 70 days. Spike — Tall (107 cm.), erect, but very much curved, a fair number of blooms (16 on main, 5 on secondary). GrapioLus Stupies — III Ey Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, large. COUNTESS OF SUFFOLK Originator — Kelway Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube slightly curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower broad reflexed segment. Stamen filaments white, rose tips; anthers violet. Stig- mas lavender. Perianth deep rose-pink (120-111), very thickly feathered with carmine (116-11); outer segments more thickly marked than the inner; primrose yellow (19-1) throat; a rosy white medial line on each segment. Color is not clear. Season — Mid-season, early August; 80 to go days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Not vigorous; plant with medium poor foliage, narrow and rather drooping. Corms — Large; cormels, few and small. CRACKERJACK Originator — Cowee, 1903. Reg. A.G. S., 1914. Cowee Group — Lemoinei Stock from Cowee Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers violet. Perianth velvety carmine-red (113-IvV and deeper); throat yellow-green irregularly marked with amaranth-red (168-Iv), often splashed and feathered with drab. Good shape and color. Velvety appearance. Season — Mid-season; 87 to 92 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. CREAM PINK. See Faerie. CRIMSON LAKE- Originator — Woodruff Group — Lemoinei Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-violet. Perianth brighter than carmine- purple (156-1v), blotched with purple-garnet (165-1v). Colors unusually bright and shining. A rather loose, wide-open bloom of good substance. Season — Rather early; 78 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20), branched. Halit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with mediaim broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. CRIMSON RED NO. 8 Originator — Banning. Intro. Perkins- King Company Group — Stock from Perkins-King Company Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth crimson-carmine (159-111), 316 CorNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 lighter in center, blotched with deeper crimson-carmine on nearly pure white throat. | Segments possess lighter medial lines. Compact bloom of medium substance. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather compact. u Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. CRYSTAL WHITE Originator — Baer Group — Stock from Baer Synonym — Formerly called Paper White. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers bluish. Perianth white, blotched with Tyrian rose (155-Iv). Compact bloom of good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — August 8, 1915. Spike — Tall (120 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19-21). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. CYNOSURE — Originator — Miller Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth near lilac-rose (152-1), flecked in seg- ments and blotched with French purple (161-1v). A good deep rose. A com- pact bloom of medium good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (125 cm.), erect, blooms freely (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. DAISY RAND Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A.G.5., 1914 Group — 4 Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower nearly straight. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth “soft rose-pink, splashed with a darker tone, the petals bearing a small patch of pale buff penciled with rosy pink,” say Chamberlain & Gage. Excellent shape and a waxy looking bloom of excellent substance. Season — Early August. Spike — Medium tall (68 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Fairly vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. DANDY Originator — Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Small (6.5 cm.). Tube straight, stout, and very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth French purple (161-IV), GiapioLus Stupies — III 317 an area of yellowish sap green (265-111) on each segment; five of the segments blotched with vinous purple (171-11). Colors rich and contrasting; blooms compact and of unusual substance. Season — Mid-August. Spike — Tall (85 cm.), erect, curved, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with long, broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. DANNECKER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white, blue-violet sutures. Perianth pale lilac (176-1) faintly feathered with lilac and blotched with deeper than lilac-purple (160-1v), the blotch margined with bluish. A good color. An excellent compact form. Good substance. Seven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, blooms freely (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. DARK CRIMSON Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube long, curved, slender. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broader than the lower segment. Stamen filaments dark red; anthers red with violet sutures. Perianth cochineal red (83-11), with fiery red throat and deeper medial line. Markings not conspicuous. Excellent substance. Well-open bloom. Color extremely rich and clear. Season — Early; 68 days. Spike — Tall (125 cm:), erect, tip of spike often curved, branched, a fair number ot blooms (13 on main, 7 ona branch). Two or three spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Medium large; cormels, very prolific. DARKNESS Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1908 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with two upper inferior segments laterally incurved, the upper exterior reflexed; the lower broader and reflexed. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers lilac with violet sutures. Perianth blood red (93-1v) with the back of the segments mottled blood red and white. Season — Last week in August; 99 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large. DAWN (Tracy) Originator — Group — Stock from Stewart; Tracy Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth salmon-carmine (125-1v), the 318 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 outer edges of segments often deeper. Amber-white (12-1) throat penciled with amaranth-red (168-1v). An excellent color, and good arrangement of blooms on spike. Compact bloom of medium good substance. Good keeping quality. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect; a> Sage number of blooms (15), branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium — tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. DAZZLER ° Originator — Miller Group —Childsii; Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Seg- ments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellowish; anthers lilac and greenish yellow. Per- ianth violet-purple (192-11), with lemon- yellow throat blotched with plum-violet (172-1v). Compact bloom of excellent sub- stance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 81 days. "i Spike — Medium tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. FIG. 45. DECORATION DE CHEVILLE (Stewart). See Lamarck. DECORATION Originator — Hoeg. Reg. A. G. S., I9I2 Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white, sutures dark violet. Perianth Lincoln 8 There is also a variety of this name originated by Groff. GiapioLus Stupres — III 319 red (88-Iv), becoming lighter toward the base of the throat. There is a yellowish sheen-to the lower segments; edges of segments are slightly crinkled. Excellent substance; well open. _ Season — Late August; ror to 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (91 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), not branched. Frequently two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium size, prolific. -DELICATISSIMA Originator — Christy. Seedling of 1903 Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.}. Tube curved, slender, long. Segments equal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower broader. Stamen filaments and styles lilac-white. Perianth lavender-rose, often near lilacy white, feathered with solferino-red (160-1) on yellow-green throat. Color very intermixed, not clear, not harmonious. Season — Mid-August to late August; 99 days. Spike — Rather tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), two branches. The branches, says Christy, ‘form a harp-shaped cluster making it one of the most floriferous sorts.” Two spikes often occur per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Rather vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Cormels — Moderately prolific. Christy writes: “‘ Multiplies freely both by division and by the production of cormlets.” DESDEMONE Originator — Vilmorin Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Very large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broader than the reflexed lower segment. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender-pink. Perianth deep rosy pink (120-Iv), with a lilac-purple blotch (160-1v) on a lemon-yellow throat, merging to hlacy white. The color might be described as an ashen hue. The bloom is wide open and of good substance. Séason — Late August; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, curved, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, compact. j Growth — Good; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. DEUIL DE CARNOT Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1894 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Dreer Bloom — Medium small. Tube curved, slender, long. Segments nearly equal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments and styles red. Perianth carmine-red (113) streaked with very deep red. Both sides of the throat are speckled with yellow. - Season — September 6, IgII. Spike — Short, erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow leaves. (Described by George J. Burt.) DEUIL DE ST. PIERRE Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1894 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen 320 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth violet-lilac (175-Iv), blotched with ama- ranth-red (168-1v) termi- nated by dash of white. A smoky color. Bloom compact and of medium good sub- stance. Seven blooms open at once. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Habit — Rather drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. DICTUM Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, stout, very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers violet. Perianth currant red (115-1), with carmine-red (113-IV) intermixed throat. Yellow-green dashes in the lower segments. Each seg- ment appears to be outlined with violet. Well-open bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-August to late August; 97 days. Spike— Very tall (122 cm.), erect, blooms abundantly (17), not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad promi- nently veined leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, abun- dant. DIRECTOR Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Fic. 46. DESDEMONE Tube curved, medium slender, ' medium long. Segments un- equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) often GuiapioLus Stupies — III 321 strongly, sometimes but lightly. feathered with lilac (176-1), with a blotch of amaranth-red (168) on the two lower segments. Good substance and attractive arrangement. Season — Early to mid-August; 91 to 100 days. Spike — Medium short (65 cm.), erect, blooms freely (19 on main, 14 and 12 on secondaries). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, large but few. DR. DOTTER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1911 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). | Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers yellow. Perianth amber-yellow (28-1), lower lip deeper yellow (28-11); a slight feathering of rose often develops in outer segments. A good yellow. A compact bloom. Medium substance. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), two branches. Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. DR. ERWIN ACKERKNECHT Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1909-1913 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (14 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments ; anthers Perianth carmine (116-1) thickly splashed with carmine-red (113-1), with a bright lemon-yellow (20-1) throat marked with ox blood red (94-1v). An immense blaze of color. A compact bloom of good substance. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 103 days. Spike — Tail (115 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. DR. SELLEW Originator—Childs. Reg. A.G.S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth deeper than carmine (116-I1v), with a lemon-yellow throat penciled and dotted with French purple (161-1v); a slight feathering of carmine often occurs in the edges of the segments. Rather loose but of excellent substance. Six blooms open at one time. Blooms often face several directions. Season — Mid-August to late August; 103 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, rather tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. DR. WILLIAMS Originator — White Group — Princeps seedling Stock from White Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, somewhat twisted, slender. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. 322 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 ! Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth Rose Neyron red (119-1V), with white throat marked with lines of crimson-carmine. White says: ‘‘ Might be called Pink Princeps.” Season — Early September; 110 days. : Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, blooms freely (20), not branched. Often three spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. DORENE Originator — Kunderd. Intro. about 1913. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers lilac. Perianth lilacy white (7-1), often so thickly feathered with mauve-rose that the bloom appears to be mauve-rose. A light throat very sparsely dotted with Tyrian rose (155-11). The compact blooms are of medium substance and are borne erect on the spike. Six to eight blooms open at one time. Season — Late August; 107 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. DOROTHY BURNHAM Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom —Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers reddish lilac. Perianth scarlet (87-I1v) with a large light lemon-yellow throat, segments often splashed with slate. The blooms are large, well open, and attractive except for the slate markings. Season — September; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, medium prolific. DUKE OF BUCCLEUCH Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1885 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper broad with reflexed edges, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth bright rosy scarlet (124-1) slightly feathered with darker rosy scarlet. Throat yellow-green with sparse dottings of Tyrian rose (155-111) and deep pencilings of the same color deep in the throat. Color appears as a dainty, clear salmon-pink. Season — Mid-August to late August; 80 to 83 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, free blooming (19 on main, Io and I1 on two second- aries). Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, few but large. GLaDIOoLus Stupies — III 323 DUKE OF RICHMOND Originator — Kelway Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large. Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper broad with pointed segments, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; styles white. Perianth tomato red (81—Iv) splashed and streaked deeper, faint medial lines, yellow-white throat, a blotch of carmine penciling. Bloom is attractive, and Kelway commends the arrangement on the spike. Season — Early September. Spike — Medium tall, erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves with prominent veins. (Described by George J. Burt.) EARL COMPTON Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1908 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (10cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium long, stout. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal except for the reflexed edges, the lower a trifle narrower than the upper. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth deep cerise (123-11, but with a slight effect of yellow), the upper segments with an area slightly marked darker, the lower with a sulfur- yellow throat on which are amaranth-red pencilings (168-111). The color is light, delicate, and clear. Season — Early; 67 to 69 days. Spike — Medium tall (77 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Good; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. EARLY AMETHYST Originator — Group — Stock from Crawford Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower straight and broad segment. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth rosy magenta (169-1), thickly feathered with deeper rosy magenta. Lower lip deep rosy magenta, a yellow splash on the medial line. Color is attractive, and spike well arranged. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 81 to 86 days. Spike — Medium tall (88 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Very large; cormels, few or none. EARLY PINK ® Originator — Black Group — Nanceianus Stock from Black Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers and stigma lavender. Perianth bright rosy scarlet (124-1), with a white throat finely marked or intermixed with French purple (161-11). Blooms well open, of good substance and good color. Season — Early; 72 days. Spike — Medium tall (83 cm.), erect, slender, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, 6 and 7 on two branches). Four spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. 9 Black says that this variety is a selection of stock furnished by S. Huth of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. 324 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, very prolific. EASTER, See Madame Lemoinier. EASTER BELLS Originator — Austin. Reg. A. G. S., I9I4 Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers white with violet sutures. Perianth lemon- yellow (21-1), deeper yellow throat very faintly feathered with Tyrian rose (155-1). ere not for the feathering it would closely resemble Victory and Isaac Buchanan in color. Season — Late August; 108 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), not branched. Habit — Erect, rather tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. EDISON Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1896 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs (Described from cut spike.) Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower nearly straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white with rose tips; anthers lilac, violet sutures. Perianth reddish old rose (142-11) with a madder lake (122-1v) blotch terminating in a white dash. A compact bloom of rather good substance. Season — Early August. Spike — Medium long, erect, a fair number of blooms (10). EL CAPITAN Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A.G.S., IgI4 Group — Stock from Brown (Described from cut spike.) Synonym — Formerly called Tallest Yellow. Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers drab. Perianth amber-white (12-1), the yellow lip neatly marked with deep Tyrian rose (155), although many of the blooms possess no markings. An excellent light color. Season — Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, free flowering (23). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — ELDORADO Originator — Lemoine. Intro. previous to 1897 Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Boddington Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellow; anthers yellow. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-1), the lower lip deeper yellow and blotched with ox blood red. Compact bloom of good substance. A good, deep yellow. 10 There is a gandavensis variety of this name originated by Souchet. GrapioLus Stupries — III 325 Season — Mid-season; 94 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ELECTOR Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad with the edges reflexed, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, tinged with pink; anthers lavender ~ with violet sutures. Perianth currant red (115-IV), throat amber-white (12-1) marked and finely dotted with carmine-purple (156-1v). Compact bloom of good color and velvety texture. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Tall (109 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with short, rigid, broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, Jarge, prolific. ELECTRA Originator — Hopman Group — Gandavensis - Stock from Velthuys; Hopman Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, rather slender, rather long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers reddish with violet sutures. Perianth cochineal red (83-1), with a lemon-yellow throat blotched with scarlet (85-1v). A good, clear color. Compact bloom of medium substance. Season — Mid-season; 87 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, slightly curved, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ELIZABETH KURZ Originator — Pfitzer Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth pure white, edges of segments tinted pale rosy pink (129-1), the lower segments slightly tinged with yellow in the throat. A compact bloom of medium substance and delicate color. Six to eight blooms open at one time. ‘“‘Good for garden and cutting,’’ say Chamberlain & Gage. - Season — Mid-August; 99 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, blooms freely (21). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. ELLA" Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1905 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-violet. Perianth carmine lake (121-11), throat lemon-yellow. On some flowers, segments other than those of the throat are touched with yellow. Pointed segments; good substance. 1 Krelage catalogs a variety Ella introduced in 1892. Childs also has a variety named Ella. 326 CoRNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN II Fic. 47. EMBOSSED YELLOW Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tai! (go cm.), erect, a fair num- ber of blooms (15). Often three spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth —Vigorous; plant well- furnished with broad leaves. Corms —Medium large; cormels, prolific. EMBOSSED YELLOW Originator — Stewart. Intro. 1912. Reg. A, G.S., 1914 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube slightly curved, siender, me- dium long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal, rather hooded, and broad, the lower nar- rower. Stamen fila- ments creamy white; anthers lavender-rose. Perianth canary-yellow (17-1), upper segments suffused with rose. The deeper yellow throat is blotched with straw- berry red (110-1), and the blotch is pierced by a dash of yellow. Each segment is some- what raised on the medial line, which gives the name ‘‘ Embossed ” to the variety. Re- sembles Henri Lemoine. The flowers are set close on the spike. Season — First week in Aug- ust; 74 to 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (86 cm.), erect, a fair num- ber of blooms (15), slen- der, two branches. Habit— Erect, medium tall, rather compact. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant furnished. with medium poor: narrow leaves. Corms—Medium size; cormels, few. GrapioLus Stupres — III 327 -EMMA (Coblentz). See Velvet King. EMMA THURSBY Originator — Childs. Intro. 1892 © Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white, often much feathered with Tyrian rose (155-111) and with large French purple (161-1v) blotches. The bloom is compact and of good substance, but the color is perhaps a little too mixed. Season — Late August. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. EMPIRE (Stewart). See Lacordaire. EMPOCLES Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1908 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large size. Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments and styles pink. Perianth Lincoln red (88-111), with a large yellow throat penciled slightly with Tyrian rose (155). The lower segments are smaller, and the flowers are wide open. : Season — Late August. Spike — Tall, erect, blooms freely. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. (Described by George J. Burt.) EMPRESS OF INDIA Originator — Velthuys. From = seed 1908 Group — Z Stock from Velthuys Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and slightly hooded, the lower reflexed and nar- rower than the upper. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers darkest violet. Perianth brighter than plum-violet (172-Iv), a white dash in the throat around which the color is lighter. Color almost black, and very velvety in appear- ance. Bloom compact and of good substance. Season — Early to mid-August; 86 days. Spike — Medium short (62 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium to dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ENCHANTRESS ” = Originator — Hopman. Intro. 1892 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Hopman Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilac; anthers lilac with violet sutures. Perianth violet-mauve (195-1), the inner segments darker than the outer, the lower segments penciled with amaranth-red (168-1v). A very beautiful, dainty color. ~A compact bloom of medium poor substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 82 days. 2 Souchet originated a variety of this name introduced in 1886. In 1893 E. S. Miller sold to Childs a blush-white variety of the same name. 328 CorRNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN 11 Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ERICA VON BARCZAY Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1911 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen fila- ments reddish; anthers lilac. Perianth crimson-red (114-1), rather drab, deeply feathered with plum- violet (172-1v) and blotched with carmine blood-red. Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ~_ , ERWIN MAYER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. before 1906 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (14 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers maroon. Perianth deeper than ox blood red (94-1v), very deeply feath- ered, a white area deep in the throat. An excellent deep color. A compact bloom of tough substance. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium nar- row leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ESTELLA Originator — Group — Stock from Wright Bloom — Very large (16 cm.). Tube curved, medium slen- der, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the Fic. 48. ESTELLA upper horizontal and broad. Stamen filaments rosy white; anthers pinkish lavender. Perianth cardinal- red (112-1), with amber-white throat, speckled with French purple (161-1v). A rather compact, wide-open bloom of excellent colors and unusual substance for one so large. Season — Mid-season; 78 to 89 days. Spike — Very tall (117 cm.), erect, a great number of blooms (21), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with extra broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. ETEOCLES Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1906 Group — Childsii Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments almost equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed. Stamen GLapIoLus Stupies — III 320 filaments vermilion; anthers lavender. Perianth poppy red with geranium red- (89) streaks on a lemon-yellow (21) throat. Color good. Season — Mid-August; 84 to 85 days. _ Spike — Medium short (68 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Habit — Erect, rather dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few. ETHEL Originator — Childs (?) : Group — Childsii Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (7.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments salmon-white; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1), amber-white throat marked with crimson-red. A rather compact bloom of medium substance. Five blooms open at one time. Woodruff calls this variety salmon-rose in color so that this may not be the same one cataloged by him. Season — Medium late; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. EUCHARIS Originator —Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1899 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Dreer ~ Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth white, faintest tinge of blush, lower lip of yellow-green and faintly feathered with pinkish orange. A very dainty, clear color. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (89 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad, prominently veined leaves. 5 Corms — Small; cormels, few. EUGENE SANDOW Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1900 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen fila- ments white with rose tips; anthers lavender. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1v), with a pale lemon-yellow throat on which is a large blotch of blood red (93). Edges of segments are feathered with very dark violet. Kelway gives it as an example of excellent substance, but here it is only medium. Bloom well open. Season — Mid-season; 81 to 89 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), very erect, blooms borne freely (20 on main, with 8 on a secondary). ; Habit — Erect, rather tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous, spreading; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Very large; cormels, large though few. EUGENE SCRIBE Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1868 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs; Umpleby Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen ] 330 CorRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 filaments white. Perianth lilac-purple (160-1), edges of segments feathered with rosy magenta, yellow throat thickly dotted with lilac-purple. Season — Mid-August to late August; 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (82 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (22). Two spikes often borne per corm. ; Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, prominently veined leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. EULER Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1906 Group — Childsii Stock from Kelway Bloom — Very large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrow. Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers violet. Perianth intermediate between bright rosy scarlet and russet-orange, throat creamy white, thickly speckled with cochineal red. Bloom wide open, of good size, and color accept- able. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (78 cm.), rather drooping and curved, a fair number of blooms (13), two branches. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. IIabit — Not so erect as it should be, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Fairly vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, small and few. EUREKA Originator — Franken Brothers Group — Stock from Franken Brothers Bloom — Medium small (7 cm. across and much longer). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth crimson-carmine (159-1), deeper shading, feathering, and pencilings of crimson-carmine (159-IV). Good substance, but not well open. Season — Mid-August; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (93 cm.), erect; a fair number of blooms (—), branched. Habit — Erect, medium height, rather compact. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. EUROPA Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1911 Group— Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth pure white, Jower segment tinged with amber-white, and the faintest indication of crimson-carmine in the throat, though not visible. The bloom is well arranged, well open, and perhaps is the best white for this reason on the trial grounds. Better arrangement than that of Lily Lehmann. Extra good for commercial use. Season — September 8; 108 to 110 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Two spikes often borne per corm. ; Habit — Often rather drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Good; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GapIoLus Stupies — III © 331 EVA® Originator — Michell Group — Childsii Stock from Michell ~Bloom — Large (10.5cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent: the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth madder lake (122-11) with carmine lake stripes on a white throat. Edges of segments feathered with dull purple lake (170-11). A good color. Season — Mid-August to late August; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (72 cm.), erect, a medium quantity of bloom (14 on main, 3 on secondary). é Habit — Erect, rather tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. EVALINE Originator — Groff - Group — Stock from Woodruff; Stewart Synonyms — Stewart No. 11, Smoky Violet; Large Purplish; John Schmelzer. Bloom — Large (10-12 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. - Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers violet. Perianth crushed strawberry (109-11), segments feathered with vinous purple (171-11). A dingy, muddy color. Well arranged to form an-excellent spike of bloom. Good substance. Season — Mid-season; 72 days. Spike — Medium tall (86 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. EVOLUTION Originator — Groff, 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914. Cowee Group — Stock from Cowee Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper much reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth pale lilac-rose (178), freely feathered with violet-rose, white throat blotched with carmine. Bloom wide open, but color often is not so clear as it should be. Season — Mid-season to late; 90 to 108 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, much curved, a fair number of blooms (12), bare for nearly half its length. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Hatit — Erect, medium tall, very spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few, medium large. EXPANSION Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IgI4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1) blotched with - blood red (93) on a white throat. Widely expanded blooms. Childs’ description, “‘ white, pink and crimson,” is rather misleading. Good substance. 8 Vilmorin, in-1872, introduced a gandavensis variety of this name. Krelage, in 1899, introduced a Lemoinei variety of the same name. Childs originated and introduced a rose-colored variety in 1896, 332 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II Season — Mid-season to late; 112 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. FAERIE Originator — Kunderd Group — Stock from Cushman Synonym — Cream Pink; not Fairy (Stewart). Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers white, lavender sutures. Perianth rose-pink (120-1), with lemon-yellow (21-1) throat speckled and penciled with French purple (161-1v). A compact bloom of medium good substance. One of the daintiest pinks. Well open. Several blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 76 days. Spike — Medium tall (100 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. FAIR MAID Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (11.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments creamy white; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white (much deeper in color in 1913, due to continued sunny and hot conditions) with a Tyrian rose (155-I-Iv) blotch deepening from light to dark in center, and with yellow-green medial lines. Color is dainty, and bloom is of good size. In 1913, color somewhat resembled that of America. Season — Early August; 83 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. FAIRY 4 Originator — Stewart Group — Stock from Stewart Synonym — Mrs. James Lancastershire (Tracy). Exhibited in 1909 as Fairy Queen, changed in 1913 to Fairy. Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower slightly reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth delicate salmon flesh (138-111), upper segments with purple-rose (150-111) faint splashings; as the flower gets older, these markings become violet-rose (154-Iv). The lower seg- ments are often devoid of blotches; in others one or two lower segments are blotched with crimson-red (114-11) surrounded by Naples yellow (29-1v). Buds are distinctly orange colored. Color is rather dainty. Substance though not the best is fairly good. Five blooms open at once. Season — Early; 67 to 68 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, only a fair number of blooms (12), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Medium good; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, large, prolific. FAIRY QUEEN. See Fairy. 14 Another variety named Fairy was introduced by Craft in 1865. GLADIOLUS StTuDIEs — III 333 FANTASTIC Originator —Childs. Intro. 1902. Reg. A. G.5., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers violet. Perianth bright scarlet (85) with white throat marked with crimson-red (114-11). A good color. Season — Mid-August; 94 days. Spike — Medium tall (86 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Habit — Erect, rather dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium poor; plant furnished with rather poor foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. FARMINGTON Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth lilac-purpie (160-1) blotched with crimson-carmine (159-111). Blotch is not of a decided shape, but is stippled. Could be called a good pink variety. Bracts wither before flower opens. An unusually bright pink. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (88 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Rather erect, medium tall, spreading. Two spikes often borne per corm. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. FASCINATOR Originator — Miller Group — Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower reflexed segments. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth Rose Neyron red (119-1) with a Tyrian rose (115-11) intermixed blotch. Compact bloom, not of exceptional substance. Season — Early August; 85 to 90 days. Spike — Long (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Rather vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size. FAUST (Warnaar). See George Paul. F. BERGMANN Originator — Lemoine Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom —Large (10.5 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lilac. Perianth madder red (86-111) becoming lighter toward center, blotched with ox blood red (94-11). Segments somewhat mottled — an objection. Rather loose bloom of good substance. Season — Medium early; 75 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. 334 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 FERDINANDO CORTEZ Originator — Vilmorin. Intro. 1902 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, slender, very long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white. Perianth near amber-yellow (28-11) with dull violet- old-rose (115-IV) stripes in throat. Blooms compact, and substance excellent, segments being tough rather than brittle. Three blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 96 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. FLAMBEAU Originator — Miller Group = Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (87-11), with an amber-white (12-1) throat thickly stippled to form blotch of Tyrian rose (155-Iv).. Rather loose bloom of medium substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 84 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant very abundantly furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. FLANAGAN NO. 1 Originator — Flanagan Group — Stock from Flanagan Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Segments are pointed. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers large, cream-colored, with violet sutures. Perianth vermilion-red (87-1), feathered with drab-scarlet and with slight pencilings of geranium lake (89-1V) on a whitish throat. A good color. A compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Tall (128 cm.), model of erectness, a large number of blooms (26), two long branches. Habit — Erect, very tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. F. L. OAKLEY Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. &., 1914 Group — Childsii ° Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, rather slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and a trifle narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers yellow with violet sutures. Perianth scarlet (85-Iv) with a pale lemon-yellow (21-1) throat. Good substance. Very showy. Season — Mid-September. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12 on main, 5 on secondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GuabDIoLus StupiEs — III 335 FLORENCE Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1907 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Chamberlain & Gage; Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium long, medium slender. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers red-violet. Perianth brighter than reddish violet (180-11), with a white throat and a stippled blotch of Tyrian rose (155-IV). Bloom rather compact and of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 98 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, blooms freely (19), branched. Two spikes occur per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant very well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. FLORIDA Originator —- Intro. about 1904 Group — Childsii Stock from Moore Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower.- Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth crimson-red (114-111), with amber- white (12-1) throat blotched with currant red (115-Iv), slight tinting of slate in outer edge of segments. Rather good color. Compact bloom of medium substance. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. : ; Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. FRA DIAVOLO Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1886 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers light lilac, rather elongate. Perianth carmine lake (121-11), two shades intermixed with whitish medial lines and edges of outer segments marked with purple-brown (166-1); the lemon-yellow throat marked lightly with Tyrian rose. Bloom compact, substance excellent. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Early August; 106 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), branched, compact. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Very large; cormels, few. FRAU C. P. STRASSHEIM Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1912 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (7 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments ; anthers Perianth glowing salmon-red, flamed darker —a much spotted color. A compact bloom of medium substance. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Rather late; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (73 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Halit — Erect, medium tall, rather spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium small; cormels, prolific. 336 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 FRAU DORA LIEBAU Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1913 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white, with reddish sutures. Perianth pure white, often tinted rose at edges of segments, blotched with magenta (182-1) or purplish mauve (186-1). An attractive blotch. Flowers face opposite directions, which seems a serious fault. “A compact bloom of medium substance. Eight - blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (21), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. FRAU GABRIELE CHARTON Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. before 1906 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (7-9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white with lavender sutures. Perianth pure white, slight lemon tinge to the lower segments, faint touch of crimson-carmine at base of throat. Less lemon than in Lily Lehmann. Slight splashings of Tyrian rose often appear in segments. Resembles Reine d’Anjou, but the latter variety seems to possess more of the Tyrian rose splashings. Both of these varieties have mixed zstivation. Bloom compact and of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium short (67 cm.), rather erect, a fair number of blooms (14), branches not observed. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narfow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific but small. FRAU HERME SEIDEL Originator —P fitzer. Intro. 1909- IgI2 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Segments un- equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth slate-violet (173-11) with heavy splashes of madder lake (122-Iv), apparently showing through the slate-violet. Throat sulfur-yellow. Color peculiar and does not seem pleasing. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, rather prolific. FRAULEIN Originator — Scheubel Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower broad segment. Stamen filaments white; anthers white. Perianth amber-white (12-111), with light lemon-yellow (23-1) intermixture in the throat. Excellent substance, dainty color, and compact and admirable shape. Season — Early September; 111 days. : GLADIOLUS StTuDIEs — III 337 - Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. : Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. FRAU OTTO BEYRODT Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1913 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, ‘the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red- violet. Perianth very light lilac (176-1), feathered edge, and rose-mauve (153- Iv) tinted throat penciled on medial line with Tyrian rose (155-1). Color called “‘ white, flamed lilac-rose "’ by Pfitzer. Rather loose bloom of medium substance, good color, well open. Season — Mid-season; 96 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. FREDERIKA Originator — Group — ; Stock from Warnaar Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.)._ Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers blue-violet. Perianth light scarlet (87-1) with white medial lines and lemon-yellow (21-1) throat, blotched with blood red (93-1v) and dotted around the margins. Fine form, compact, attractive colors, good arrangement. : Season — Mid-season; 9¢ to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (86 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium prolific. ~ FRILLED PINK (2-518) Originator — Woodruff Group — Lemoinei Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers lavender. Perianth peach blossom (127-1), blotched with Tyrian rose (155-Iv)- bordered with lemon-yellow. Glistening color. Buds orange. Edges of segments slightly frilled. Compact bloom of good substance. Season — Early; 75 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number-of blooms (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. FRITH JOF Originator — Krelage Group — Gandavensis or Childsii Stock from Krelage Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower refiexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (85-Iv) with a trifle deeper medial line in throat. Really a self color. Compact bloom = of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 82 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. 338 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GAIETY Originator — Kunderd Group —- Nanceianus Stock from Chamberlain & Gage; Cushman Synonyms — Pigeon; Bird of Paradise. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broader than the lower straight segment. Stamen filaments white, reddish tips; anthers lilac with violet sutures. Perianth light starlet (87-1) splashed with deeper scarlet (87—Iv), the lower segments more thickly splashed. A pure white throat blotched and penciled with crimson- red (114-111). Good open bloom of striking color and excellent substance. At- tractive. : Season — Mid-season; 75 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, many. GALLIENI Originator — Souchet- Vilmorin. Intro. 1899 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube straight, stout, long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly teflexed and broader. Sta- men filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87-IV) becoming lighter, with lemon-yellow throat. Blooms not wide open, compact, and of good substance. Fic. 49. FRILLED PINK Season — Early September; 111 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. GATES’ WHITE Originator — Gates Group — Stock from Gates Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and often narrower than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers violet. Perianth white with broad dash or blotch of Tyrian rose (155-IV) in throat. Bloom compact and of good sub- stance. Six to seven blooms open at one time. GLADIOLUS Stup1IEs — III 339 Season — Medium late; 110 days. Spike — Very tall (130 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (22), three branches. Two or three spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant exceptionally well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. GAY BUTTERFLY Originator — Group — Lemoinei Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments salmon-white; anthers reddish lilac. Perianth light old carmine- red (107-1), blotched with fiery red (80-1v). Compact bloom of-excellent substance. Three blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few or none. GENERAL DE NANSOUTY Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1895 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Boddington Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilac-red; anthers lilac-red. Perianth light violet (190-1), feathered and flecked with pansy violet (490-111) with a large intermixed blotch of purple-garnet (165-1v). Not a clear color. Pollen badly soils the blotch. Compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GENERAL KUROKI Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1905 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal; connivent; the upper slightly reflexed at the tips, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers white with blue suture lines. Perianth crimson-carmine (inner segments 159-I-III, outer 159-IV). Medial lines and throat near white. The dark color seems crystalline in the sunshine; foliage approaches base of spike well. Bloom well open. Five blooms open at one time. Kelway calls color purple. Season — Mid-season; 70 to 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, well arranged, a fair number of blooms (16 on main, 8 on branch). Each of the corms bloomed at the same time. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Upright, vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, rigid leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, many, small. GEORGE BETSCHER. See Taconic. GEORGE B. REMSEN Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., I9I4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower broader. : 340 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth crimson-carmine (159-1), two inner segments with yellow-green medial lines and stripes of deeper crimson-carmine. Blooms often rather bunched on the spike. Season — Early September; 77 days. Spike — Rather short (50 cm.), erect, a small number of blooms (6), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather spreading. Growth — Not vigorous; plant has poor foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium large, few. GEORGE HAUSSER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1912 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; anthers red-violet. Perianth ox blood red (94-Iv) with lighter medial line and whitish areas deep in throat. Compact bloom of good substance. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair num- ber of blooms (16). ; Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. GEORGE PAUL ® Originetor — Lemoine. Previous to 1894 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Munsell; Childs; Warnaar; Cowee Synonym — Faust sent by Warnaar; Harvard (Tracy). Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments white, red tinge; anthers dark red-violet. Perianth crimson-red (114-Iv), with green- ish-white throat thickly marked with crim- Fic. 50. GENERAL KUROKI son-red. Bloom well open, of good substance, and of excellent rich color. Season — Mid-August to late August; 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, blooms freely (14), not branched. Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. _ Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GEORGE VOLLMAR Originator — Childs.. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, rather slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers cream with lilac sutures. Perianth salmon-flesh 5 Distinct from Harvard of Teas and most other Harvards. GiapioLus Stupies — III = 341 (138-1) feathered with carmine, lemon-yellow throat and medial lines. No _ markings in throat. Good color, attractive shape, and well arranged on spike. Season — Early September; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), very erect, blooms freely (20), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GERTRUDE. See Taconic GIANT LAVENDER. See Mary Fennel. GIGANTIC * Originator — Hopman. Intro. 1912 « Group — Stock from Hopman Bloom — Medium size (9 cnn). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers lavender. Perianth white, blotched, intermixed with rosy magenta (near 169-IV), and often with a slight feathering of rose in the segments. An excellent white. Compact bloom of medium good substance. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, many blooms (20), two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size: cormels, few. GIL BLAS Originator — Lemoine. Previous to 1894 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Boddington Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad,-the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lavender-white; anthers lavender. Perianth salmon- carmine (125-1) with ox blood red (94-11) blotch, becoming at the sides lighter in color and more scarlet. Blotch bordered with light lemon-yellow. Good color. Well open, attractive shape. Compact and of good substance. Color ““ salmon-rose ’’ is given by Boddington. Season — Early; 67 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect,.a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GLARE Originator — Childs. Intro. 1908. Reg. A. G.S., 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, very stout, very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower reflexed and broad segment. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (85-11) with a lilac-purple (160-1v) intermixed blotch. Compact bloom of excel- lent substance. Often blooms on all sides of spike. Season — Mid-August; 96 to 98 days. Spike — Medium tall (68 cm.), very erect, a fair number of blooms (10), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, many. 6 Burbank has cataloged a variety of this name, 342 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II _GLEAM Originator — Miller Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers reddish violet with nearly black sutures. Perianth near currant red (115-111) blotched with purple-garnet (165-1v), lighter at sides. Good clear color. Did not seem an attractive shape. Medium good substance. Season — Rather early; 74 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GLORY (Childs) Originator — Childs. Intro. 1908 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium large (9-11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth more pinkish than salmon-pink (126-11) with a crimson-carmine blotch, darker on the medial line; slight feath- ering of rose-pink in upper segments. Does not seem to be a good keeper. Good color. Season — Early September; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (89 cm.), often much curved and twisted, a fair number of blooms (11), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium poor; plant poorly furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GLORY (Kunderd) Originator — Kunderd. Intro. 1911. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Ruffled Stock from Kunderd Synonym — Registered as Kunderdi Glory. Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers violet. Perianth amber-white (12-1v), often becoming lilacy white (7-111), slightly suffused with light rose, especially in outer edges of segments. Buds rose tinted. Lower segments with rosy magenta (169-1V) lines in the throat. Ruffled; fine compact form of excellent substance. Flower bracts are large. Bloom often described as light yellow. Season — Late August; 106 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, fair number of blooms (14), one branch. Habit — Very erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad (3 cm.) foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, many. GLORY OF HOLLAND Originator — Group — Stock from Velthuys Bloom — Medium large (9-11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments white; anthers white. Perianth pure white with faintest Tyrian rose (155-1) blotch. Dainty color and compact bloom of good substance. Season — September 25, 1913; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Good; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GLADIOLUS StuDIEs — III GLORY (KUNDERD) 344 : CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 a GLOWING COAL Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. 5, 1914 Group —-Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (7.5 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the straight, broad lower segment. Stamen filaments white; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (85-I1v) with a French purple (161-1v) blotch on a lemon-yellow throat. Good color, large bloom, of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 88 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. : ; Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with narrow leaves. - Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GOETHE Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Lemoinei . Stock from Pfitzer ‘ Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lavender; anthers lavender. Perianth bright violet (198-1) deeply feathered (198-Iv) amber-white (12-Iv) throat broadly dashed and dotted with violet-purple (190-1v). Four blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. GOLDBUG Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- row. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers white with violet sutures. Stigmas red. Perianth scarlet (85-1v), throat brilliant lemon-yellow (20-1) spotted and striped with crimson-red (114-111) with medial line of same color shading into scarlet. Often a small area of yellow at each side of the upper segments. Extraordi- nary contrast of deep yellow and red. Season — Mid-season; 81 to 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with narrow leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, medium small. GOLDENES VLIESS Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellow; anthers yellow. Perianth yolk yellow (24-1), with lemon-yellow (21-1) center. often feathered with carmine. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Often two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. GriapioL_us Stupiges — III 345 GOLDEN KING Originator — Black. Reg. A. G. S., IQI4 Group — Seedling of Golden Queen Stock from Black Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers cream with violet sutures. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-1) with blotches of blood red (93-1v). Color a trifle darker than that of Golden Queen. Blooms face several directions. Often double. Compact bloom. Excellent substance. Season — Mid-season to late; 103 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, very crooked, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Extra good; plant weil furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, many. GOLDEN NUGGET (Teas). See Klondyke. GOLDEN QUEEN (Stewart). See Klondyke. GOLDFINDER Originator — Pfitzer Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellow; anthers yellow with violet sutures. Perianth amber-vellow (28-11) penciled with crimson-red (114-1v). A good yellow. Compact bloom of excellent substance. Six to seven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), not branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GOLDQUELLE Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1913 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (7.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellowish. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-1), the lower lip a deeper color, no markings. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season to Jate; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14-16), two branches. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. ‘ Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GORGEOUS Originator — Miller Group — Childsii; nanceianus Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers reddish violet. Perianth poppy color (84-1), with amber-white (12-1) throat. Segments often slightly feathered with drab. Excellent color. Compact bloom of medium good substance. Five blooms open at. one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. 346 CorRNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN 11 Spike — Medium tall (go cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GOVERNOR McCORMACK Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S, 1914 Group — Childsii r Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and broader than the upper. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth carthamin-red (88-1v), with lemon-yellow throat blotched and mottled with amaranth-red (168-tv). Bloom rather loose, of good color, and of good substance. Season — Mid-August; 94 days. y Spike — Medium tall (71 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GRACE Originator — Iowa Seed Company Group — Lemoinei Stock from lowa Seed Company Bloom — Medium size (7-8 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers pale lavender with violet sutures. Perianth crimson-carmine (159-1) with lighter medial lines and blotch of French purple (161-1v) tipped with yellow. A good color. A compact bloom of medium “ good substance. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium poor; plant rather poorly furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few. GRACE HENRY Originator — Crawford Group — Stock from Mallory & Brown; Craw- ford Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, medium long. Segments equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers dark violet. Perianth blood red (93-1v) with slightly lighter medial lines, yellow-green throat, penciled with strawberry red (110-Iv). Bloom somewhat bell-shaped, of excellent color, good substance, and satiny luster. It should be a trifie more open. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. Spike — Tall (113 cm.), erect, blooms freely (21 on main spike, 11 and 13 on two secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. GRACILIS . Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and nar- rower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth deep rose-pink (120-IvV) GLADIOLUS StupiEs — III 347 with carmine-purple lined blotch on an amber-white (12-1) throat, slaty blue featherings in margins of segments. An excellent pink, but feathering is quite a blemish. Season — Mid-August; 90 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, blooms freely (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well fur- nished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. GRAFIN DEGENFELD Originator — Pfitzer Group — Lemoinei Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, me- dium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lilac-white. Perianth amber-white (12-11) blotched with blood red (93-1v) and suffused with rose in the segments. Rather compact bloom of medium good sub- stance. Nine blooms open at one time. One of the best varieties of this type. Season — Mid-season; 82 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spread- ing. Growth — Vigorous; plant well fur- nished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, pro- lific. GRAHAME-WHITE Originator — Kelway. Intro. IQII Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper very broad and hori- zontal with edges of segments reflexed. Stamen filaments light salmon; anthers lavender. Peri- Fic. anth shrimp pink (75-1) with salmon-pink (76-11) markings; a yellow-green throat penciled and dotted with French purple (161-Iv). Wide open and large. Season — Mid-August; 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16 on main and 5 on branch). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. 52. GRAFIN DEGENFELD 348 CORNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN 11 Growth — Good; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific but small. GREAT CARDINAL Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Synonym — Cardinal 5 X. Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers red-violet. Perianth deeper than cardinal (112-Iv), markings not conspicuous, merely white flecks showing through the cardinal throat. Well open, good substance, clear colors. Season — Mid-season, late August; 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (81 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16).- Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, rather tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, many and large. GRENADIER (Huntington). See Velvet King. GROFF No. 224 Originator — Groff Group — Stock from Richardson Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth white, throat amber-white (12-11) slightly intermixed with Tyrian rose (155-1). The buds are very salmony. Bracts are bronze. A rather compact bloom of medium good substance. Seven to eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (23), two branches. Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Rather drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GROSSFURSTIN ELISABETH Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1912 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish white; anthers red-violet. Perianth bright salmon-pink (126-1), intermixed throat of geranium red (near 111-1). A compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 84 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large size; cormels, prolific. HALLEY Originator — Velthuys. Intro. 1910 Group — Stock from Velthuys Bloom — Large (11 cm.), wide. Tube curved, stout, very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth madder lake (122-111) with fine stripes and dots of Tyrian rose (155-IV) on a lemon-yellow throat. Though it is cataloged as salmon, it has considerably more of a pinkish appearance An attractive color. Substance excellent, and bloom compact. Four or five blooms Open at once. GiapioLus Stupies — III 349 Season — Early, last of July; 70 days. Spike — Medium tall (100 cm.), erect, often curved, blooms Pa Pe a 3), branched. Often two or three spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, rather compact. Growth — Vigorous: plant well furnished with medium broad leaves Corms — Medium large; cormels, many. HARLEQUIN Originator —Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrow. Stamen filaments reddish; an- thers violet. Perianth lilac-rose (152-1) feath- ered and striped with carmine-red (113-IV), and with a carmine throat penciled with car- mine-red (113-Iv). Very much mottled. The medial lines are em- bossed. Season — Mid-August; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, often curved, a fair number of blooms (15 on main, 6 on branch). Habit — Erect, medium tall, somewhat spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well fur- nished with narrow leaves Corms —Medium size; corm- els, medium number, good size. HARVARD (Teas) Originator — Group — Fic. 53. HALLEY Stock from Teas Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges, the lower much narrower and reflexed. Stamen filaments white; style lavender. Perianth crimson-carmine (159-1V) with a white throat. Flowers appear at various sides of the spike. Color bright, and bloom compact. Seven blooms open at one time. a Season — Early August; 83 to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (76 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12-18). Two and three spikes borne per corm. 17 This is not the Harvard of Tracy, which is George Paul. 350 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Habit — Erect, medium tall, slightly spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Medium sized; cormels, large. HARVARD (Tracy). See George Paul. Often cataloged as Faust. HARWINTON Originator — White : Group — Gandavensis Stock from White Bloom — Medium size (7 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower straight segment. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth carmine (116-I-11), a white area at base of lower inner segment is the only marking. A good distinct color, showy, brilliant. Season — Mid-August; 97 days. Spike — Tall (103 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (24), often branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium brown leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, many. HAUFF Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth milk white often lightly splashed with rose and with Tyrian rose deep in the throat. A good white. Blooms face opposite directions — a fault. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium height, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HAZEL HARVEY Originator — Munsell & Harvey. Reg. A. G.S., 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Munsell & Harvey Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth carmine-red (113-1), amber-white (12-1) throat penciled with carmine purple (156-1v). A good compact bloom, good clear colors, and good substance. Season — Mid-season to medium late; 90 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, blooming freely (21 on main, with 6 to 8 on secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Exceptionally vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large, ‘‘ increases by divisions ”’; cormels, prolific. HELEN Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, rather slender, long. Segments nearly equal, connivent. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) striped and feathered with crimson- carmine (159-IV); on the lower segments the color shades into carmine lake (121-1), spotted with carmine lake (121-11) on yellow-green. Season — Mid-August; 89 days. GLADIOLUS STUDIES ae {iF Fic. 54. HAZEL HARVEY 35! - 352 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15 on main, 5 on secondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. * Corms — Large; cormels, few. HELEN SILL Originator — Crawford Group — Stock from Crawford Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments deep pink; style a lighter pink. Perianth violet-rose (154-1) ground streaked with Tyrian rose (155-111), and with a deep Tyrian rose (155-1v) blotch. Bloom of medium good substance. Season — Early September; 106 days. Spike — Medium tall (78 cm.), erect, blooms freely (18). Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HELEN TRACY Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth light Lincoln red (88-1 and lighter), the lower segments with lemon-yellow finely dotted throat. Segments slightly feath- ered with Lincoln red. A purplish tinge surrounds the lemon-yellow throat. Good substance. Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Tall (109 cm.), erect, blooms freely (20). Often two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, large, many. HELIOTROPE Originator — Lemoine Group — Lemoinei Stock from Dreer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper segment rather hooded and broad, the lower reflexed and . narrower. Stamen filaments deep pink; style lilac-white; anthers heliotrope. Perianth violet-purple (192-1v) with a dash of carmine-purple (156-Iv) in the throat. A fine deep, rich, velvety bloom. Season — Mid-August; 99 days. Spike — Medium short (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms, not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow foliage. Corms — Medium small; cormels, few. HENRI LEMOINE Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1903 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Dreer Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, short, stout. Segments nearly equal, conni- vent; the upper rather hooded and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilac-white; anthers lilac. Perianth canary-yellow (17-1), with . crimson-red (114-Iv) blotch on lower segments cut by a lemon-yellow line. The upper segments are rosy tinged and somewhat frilled. Described by- Dreer as orchid-like flowers. About four blooms open at one time. Season — First to twentieth of August; 82 to 88 days. GLabDIoLus Stupies — III 353 Spike — Medium tall (93 cm.), often rather drooping, slender, a fair number of blooms (10), two branches. aint — Erect, rather tall, spreading _ Growth — Vigorous: plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. HENRY GILLMAN Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IgI4 Group — Childsii Z Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, ‘the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth deep poppy color (84-Iv), with weak washy speckling in the throat and white medial lines. Season — Early September; 102 days. Spike — Medium tall (91 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few, medium size. HERMANN FISCHER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1910 Group — Gandavensis, but has a dis- tinct Lemoinei blotch Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lilac. Perianth carmine (116-Iv) with a large area of French purple (161—-1v) in throat. Segments often feathered and flamed with deeper than carmine (116-Iv). Good deep color. A rather compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, blooms freely (20), branched. 4 Hatit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. HEROLD : Originator — Krelage Group — Nanceianus Stock from Krelage Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen fila- ments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth near reddish violet (180-1v, a trifle more reddish), blotched with deep carmine-violet (174-1v), deeper at the medial line. Color is not clear. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Early to mid-season; 75 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. H. G. Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Medium large (g-10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth deep poppy color (84-1v), wide lines of geranium red (I11I-1v) on an amber-white throat (12-1). 354 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 Attractive markings. Variety named from Henry Gillman, which it somewhat resembles, because it has the same color in the perianth; but it does not have the large blotch and so light a throat as Henry Gillman. Season — August 8; 87 days. : Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, blooms freely (21), not branched. Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium size. HIAWATHA Originator — Hoeg. Reg. A. G. S., IgI2 Group — Stock from Hoeg Synonym — Formerly called Aurora. Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed in such a way that the whole face of the bloom is approximately in one plane. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers red-violet. _ Perianth rosy pink (118-11I-1v) with yel- low blotch on lower segments spotted and finely dotted with crimson-red(114-1v). Segments often splashed. A very neat looking bloom. Three to four blooms open at one time. Season — Medium late; 112 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Rather large, good keepers; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 6 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; thé upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white, with violet sutures. Perianth geranium red (111-1) with large blotch of French purple (161-1v) in the throat bordered by pale yellow-green. The outer segments have more of a scarlet tinge than geranium. Compact and of exceptional substance. Season — Early September; 103 days. Spike — Medium tall (79 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12 on main, 5 on secondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall, medium spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 11 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth lilac-purple (160-111I-Iv) with yellow- green throat almost covered by a large French purple (161-Iv) blotch. Good substance, bright color, well-open bloom. Resembles Indiana (Kelway), but is superior to that variety. Season — Mid-August to late August; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, blooms freely (21 on main, 9 on secondary). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ae te GLADIOLUS STUDIEs — III 355 HOEG NO. 17 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Large (11.5cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth poppy color (84-Iv) with white throat, marked with ox,blood red (94-11). Well open, of deep color. Season — Late August; 85 to 95 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15 on main, 6 on secondary). Two spikes borne per corm. Hatit— Erect, tali, spread- ing. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, many. HOEG NO. 19 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, me- dium short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth deep rose- pink (120-11) with a lemon-yellow throat blotched with car- mine-purple (156-11). Flowers well arranged, and colors clear. Bloom compact and of good substance. Season — August 23; I12 days. Spike — Medium short (65 cm.), erect, a fair num- ber of blooms (11), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium Fic. 55. HOEG NO. I7 tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 27 premier — Hoeg roup — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth reddish old rose (142-1) with amaranth-red (168-111) blotches on dirty amber-white throat. Lighter tinted medial lines. Good substance, and a compact bloom. 356 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Season — Early September; 94 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, blooms freely (19 on main, 6 on secondary). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, somewhat diseased. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 30 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper laterally reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth sulfury white (14-1v) with large ox ~ blood red (g4-1v) blotches on lower segments and suffusion of rose on upper. Rather loose bloom, not of good substance. Season — Latter part of August; 95 days. é Spike — Medium tall (86 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15 on main, 7 on a branch). Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. : Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 31 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and nar- rower. Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers violet. Perianth geranium red (111-1), the lip marked with dark geranium red (111-1v). Lower lip appears velvety, but the segments are somewhat rolled, and the color is not clear. Season — Early; 71 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, blooms freely (21 on main, with 7 and 12 on secondaries). Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 38 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments. white; anthers white with violet sutures. Perianth bright rose (128-1v) blotched with carmine-purple (156-Iv). Good color. Bloom compact and of good substance. Season — Early September; 112 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (9), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 42 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87—-1v) with a pure, unmarked lemony white throat. Bloom compact, of good substance, good shape, and a clear contrast of colors. Seems a good commercial cut flower. Four blooms open at one time. GriapioLus Stupies—III 2 Se Season — Mid-season to late; 98 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), branched. . Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous, plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 46 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers ————————. Perianth crushed strawberry (109-1) with lighter medial lines and Tyrian rose (155—Iv) area on lower lip. Bloom rather compact and of medium good substance. Six to eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of. blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 64 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg - Bloom — Large (10.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) with Tyrian rose (155-IV) lines in the throat. Bloom compact, of medium good substance, well open, of good shape. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (82 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), not branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium height, rather compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 69 Originator — Hoeg Group — : Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments ———————; anthers ——~————. Perianth yellow-green (16—-1I-111), lower segments deeper in color than upper and with penciled medial lines of amaranth-red (168-1v). Bloom compact and of good substance. One of the best yellows. : Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Medium tall, erect, a fair number of blooms (8-10). Habit — Erect, medium tall, medium spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 72 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth poppy color (94-11) with a geranium lake (89-111) blotch merging into dots on the sides, the throat a deep lemon-yellow. Bloom compact, of excellent substance. Edges seem to dry up before the rest of the bloom is past. CorRNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN It Fic. 56. HOEG NO. 69 GrapioLus Stupies — III 350 Season — Mid-August; 96 days. Spike — Medium short (66 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium dwarf, rather spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 76 Originator — Hoeg Group — Nanceianus (?) Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments ———————; anthers ———————. Perianth poppy color (84-Iv), amber-white (12-1) throat, dotted and penciled to form a blotch of scarlet (85-1v). A wide-open, deep-colored, compact bloom of rather good substance. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, slender, a fair number of blooms (11). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 79 eae — Hoeg roup — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth mauve-rose (153-1) with a Tyrian rose (155-1) area in the throat terminated by a dash of amber- white. A rather compact bloom of medium good substance. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Rather late; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. HOEG NO. 96. See Zingari. HOEG NO. tor Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments deep red; anthers violet. Perianth lilac-purple (160-1v) with lemon-yellow throat blotched and dotted with ox blood red (94-11). Good deep color, well-shaped bloom of good substance. Season — Late August. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, many. HOEG NO. 116 Originator — Hoeg Group — Lemoine hybrid : Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube very curved, medium slender, long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers lilac. Perianth light crushed strawberry (109-1) with broad pencilings of French purple (161-1) in the throat. A very attractive clear pink, compact, wide open, but rather poor substance. Four blooms open at one time. 360 CorNELL Extension BULLETIN 11 Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), straight, but falls over badly, a fair number of blooms (12). Halit — Drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 132 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium short. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers white with violet sutures. Perianth rosy white (8-2), lemon-yellow throat blotched with Tyrian rose (155-111), segments feathered with rose. Season — Medium late; 105 to 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Two spikes per corm. Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 136 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth carmine-purple (156-111) with French purple dots on a yellow-green throat terminating in violet. A bright color. Season — Medium late, late August; 1o1 days. Spike — Medium tall (93 cm.), erect, blooms freely (14). Two or three spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 137 ieee, — Hoeg roup — Stock from Hoeg ’ Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers cream. Perianth white, blotched with carmine- red (113-Iv) bordered with amber-white (12). Rather compact bloom of medium good substance. This is the La Luna type of bloom, but is inferior to that variety. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 174 Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments —————,; anthers ———————.. Perianth pale rosy pink (129-1) with lemon-yellow throat blotched with dull Tyrian_rose (155-1). Compact bloom of medium good substance. Good clear pink. Three blooms open at one time GiapioLus Stupies — III 361 Season — Mid-season; 86 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous: plant medium well furnished with =o broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOEG NO. 175. See Jack Frost. HOFGARTNER STAPF Originator Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer ; Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Perianth near geranium lake (89-11) with amber-white (12-1) throat. Segments thickly feathered with deeper geranium lake (89-Iv), whitish medial lines. A handsome, rich- appearing bloom. Edges of segments somewhat ruffled. A strong opposite arrangement of blooms. A rather loose bloom of medium substance. Season — Early to mid-season; 78 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. HOLLANDIA *® Originator — Group — Stock from Cushman Synonyms — Mikado, Alice Roosevelt, Yellow Brenchleyensis. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth reddish salmon (73-1) thickly suffused and feathered with shrimp pink (75-1), the lemon-yellow throat penciled with carmine-purple (156-1v). Rather loose bloom of medium good substance. Ten blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorcus; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. HOSTES Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth near scarlet (87), but brighter and possesses more yellow, with a greenish yellow throat almost completely covered with geranium red (111-1v); faint feathering of drab in edges of segments. Bloom possesses good substance, but the drab markings are objec- tionable. Season — Mid-season; 86 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (21 on the main, with 8 and 12 on two secondaries). : Habit — Erect, tall, rather compact. Growth — Vigorous: plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. 18 Cayeux et Clerc, 1908, catalogs a variety under the name of Hollandia. 362 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 HUISH TOWER Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1905 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth vermilion-red (87-I1v) with whitish medial lines: A whitish tinge in the throat, and faintest solferino red dash in each of lower segments. Good clear color. Season — Mid-August; 92 days. Spike — Tall (103 cm.), erect, very rigid, blooms freely (18), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. +! Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. HYDE PARK Originator — Baer. Reg. A. G. S., 1915. Intro. Vaughan Group — Gandavensis. May X Shakes- peare Stock from Baer; Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers white with lilac sutures. Perianth rosy white becoming Rose Neyron red (119-1) at outer edges of segments; lemon- yellow throat weakly shaded with deep rose-pink (120-Iv); segments feathered with the same color, especially so when forced. Season — Mid-season; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Often two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. IDA VAN Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A.G.S., IQI4 Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth cardinal- red (112-1) with a few markings deep in the throat of deeper cardinal-red. Color seems to fade in the sun. Compact bloom of medium substance. Six to seven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (78 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant very well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. IDELLA Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-1) with an irregular fading blotch of lilac-purple (160-111). Dainty color and excellent substance. Season — Early August; 81 days. Spike —Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms, branched. Two spikes often produced per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GLADIOLUS StupIEs — III 363 - IMPROVED BRENCHLEYENSIS Originator — Christy Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Medium size. Tube curved, stout, short.. Segments equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; styles red. Perianth deep scarlet, streaked with deeper shade, blood red medial line and a faint blotch. Season — Early September. Spike — Medium short, erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow, prominently veined leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. (Described by George J. Burt.) IMPROVED 1900 Originator — Group — Stock from Babcock Bloom — Large (9-10 cm.). Tubestraight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper slightly reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers dark violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1v), amber-white (12-1) throat marked with a cherry-red (g1-1v) blotch. A well-open bloom of rather good substance. Does not resemble 1900 in the shape of bloom. Also distinct from Mrs. Malcolm Mackay, which has also been called Improved r1goo. Season — Mid-August; 94 days. Spike — Tall (113 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Often two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. INCENDIARY Originator — Lemoine Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube medium straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper somewhat hooded and broad, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments pink; anthers yellow with lavender sutures. Perianth near vermilion-red (87-1), color becoming lighter toward the base of the flower. Lower segment smaller than the others and blotched with French purple (161-1v), the medial line of the blotch deeper in color. Excellent substance. An attractive color. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Late August; 105 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, often curved, a fair number of blooms (15), not branched. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. INDEPENDENCE Originator — Woodruft Group — Stock from lowa Seed Company; Black; Wilkinson; Fryer; Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth carthamin red (88-11) blotched with French purple (161-11). There are white areas at each side deep in the throat. Clear color. Compact bloom of good substance. Well arranged on spike. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. 3604 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. Fic. 57. INCENDIARY INDIANA Originator— Kelway Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, me- dium long. Seg- ments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower re- flexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers dark violet. Perianth lilac-purple (160). Color lighter on each side of the me- dial line of the lower segment so that a stripe of lilac-purple is formed. Hoeg’s seedling No. II re- sembles this variety in color, and is an improvement on Indiana. Season —Mid-August; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (73 cm.), erect; a. fair number of blooms (14) Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well fur- nished with medium narrow leaves. Corms— Large; cormels, few. IRENE Originator — Childs. Reg. A.G.S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower re- flexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth crimson-carmine (159-1), becoming much lighter in the center of the bloom, with white medial lines, large crimson blotches, and often feathered with rose. A good color, » F R= r 3 _ Gtaprotus Stupres — III ¢ 365 Stes — Late August; 107 days. Spike — Medium short (67 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. IRMA Originator — Krelage Group — Lemoinei Stock from Krelage Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). . Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper hatizontat and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments orange-white; anthers red-violet. Perianth more tussety than rosy pink (118-1v), blotch of scarlet (87-1v) with deep purple-garnet (165—1v) _medial line. Good shape and excellent color, well arranged, medium. good substance. Season — Medium early; 78 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves - Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ISAAC BUCHANAN Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1892 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (7-8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, long. ‘Segments unequal, connivent; the upper broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Outer row of segments larger than the inner row. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers white. Perianth lemon-yellow (duller than 21-1) with crimson-carmine feathering in edges of outer segments, each of lower inferior segments with Tyrian tose medial lines. This variety resembles Victory, but has more splashes in upper segments, and edges of segments are more ruffled. Season — Mid-August to late August. Spike — Tall (103 cm.), erect, blooms freely (24), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Medium good; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, abundant though small. IL S. HENDRICKSON Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii : Stock from Childs Synonym — Also written Isaac S. Hendrickson. Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth white, the edges thickly feathered with crimson-carmine (159-1), a lilac-purple (160-111) veined throat, darker on each side of the medial line. A good shape. Childs describes -the color thus: “ Irregular mottling of whife and bright pink; in some the pink, and in others the white predominating. = Season — Mid-August; 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14 on main, with 8, 7, - and 2 on secondaries). Halnit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad foliage. Corms — Small; cormels, few. JACK FROST Originator—Hoeg. Reg. A.G.S., 1915 Group — Stock from Hoeg Synonym — Hoeg No. 175. Bloom — Medium large (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. 366 - CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Stamen_filaments——-—————__;, anthers --——-————.._ Perianth pure white penciled with Tyrian rose (155-1) on an amber-white (12-1) throat. An excel- lent compact white bloom of good substance. Three blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 82 days. ; Spike — Medium tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (19), two branches. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. ; Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. JANE DIEULAFOY. See Jean Dieulafoy. JAY Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1gt4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream-white; anthers with lilac sutures. Perianth near light carmine lake (122-11), with a lemon-yellow throat penciled and dotted with French purple (161-1v). A compact bloom of good substance, well open, handsome throat. Season — Late August; 109 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. JEAN DIEULAFOY Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1894 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Babcock; Flanagan Synonyms — Sara, Jane Dieulafoy. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers white. Perianth rosy white (8-1v), large geranium lake (89-1v) blotches on lower segments, upper segment suffused with salmon-carmine. There are several types of Jean Dieulafoy in the trade varying in minor ways. One type has less suffusion in upper segments, another possesses a less clearly defined blotch. Season — Medium early; 79 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium small; cormels, medium prolific. JEANNE D’ARC. See Reine de 1l’Anjou. JESSIE Originator — Lemoine Group — Lemoinei Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, stout, very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper with reflexed tips and broader than the reflexed lower segment. The two lower inferior segments reflexed around the basal segment. Stamen fila- ments creamy white; anthers with delicate lavender sutures; the backs being creamy are presented to the front, making them very conspicuous. Perianth blood red (93-111) with an old carmine-red (107—-Iv) stripe on each of the three lower segments. The stripe terminates in a yellow-green dash. Color is good, deep, and glowing. Blooms do not look up enough, however, though they possess good substance. Childs calls it ‘‘an improvement of Brenchleyensis.”’ Season — Early; 69 to 74 days. 19 A variety by this name was introduced by Crawford. r GiapioLus Stupres — III: 367 Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11-18). Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, short, rigid leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium few. JESSIE PALMER Originator —Kunderd. Intro. Chamberlain & Gage Group — Lemoinei hybrid 7 Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth amber-white (12-1), blotched with blood-red (93—Iv) and suffused with rose in the upper segments. A compact bloom of good substance, well open; attractive, contrasting blotch. Season — Mid-season; 86 days. Spike — Medium tall (go cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. : Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. J. L. CLUCAS Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1909 Group — Princeps hybrid ; Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers deep violet. Perianth scarlet (85), speckled with carmine (116-11) on a white throat. Good color, excellent substance. Season — Mid-season; 83 to 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (92 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, large, few. JOHN CHURCHILL CRAGLE, See Sir John Cragle. JOHN LEWIS CHILDS Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1910 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed. Stamen filaments light vermilion; anthers vermilion. Perianth rosy pink (118-1v) with a yellow-green throat marked and penciled with Tyrian rose (155). Substance fairly good. _Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 84 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20 on main, Io on secondary). Halnt — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium size, prolific. JOHN SCHMELZER. See Evaline. - JOSEF HULOT. See Baron Joseph Hulot. JUMBO Originator — Prestgard, 1914 Group — Stock from Prestgard Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; . the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen fila- 368 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 ments cream; anthers red-violet. Perianth carmine lake (121-11), with an amber- white (12-1) throat stippled with deep carmine lake (12I-1v). A good’ color, excellent shape, well arranged. Five blooms open at one time. An excellent variety. Season — Mid-season; 96 days. : Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. KARK LUZ Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1909-1913 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments red; anthers nearly black. Perianth geranium lake (89-Iv), deeper at the edges. A wide penciling of near black in the throat. A good clear color. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 86 days. Spike — Medium dwarf (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Two spikes : per corm. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. KATE Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (7-10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth rosy white (8-1v) marked with deep rose-pink, lower segments blotched with large area of carmine-purple (156-111). Color rather mixed, not very acceptable. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (19), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large, prolific; cormels, few. KATHRYN. Sce Rosella. KEARNEY Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1912. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium small (8 cm.). Tube straight, slender, compact. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower slightly broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers white with violet sutures. Perianth bright rose, white throat spotted with rose. Good clear color. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Medium short (56 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (6-8). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium poor; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. “ GuapDIoLus Stupies — III 360 KING GEORGE Originator — Kelway Group — Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium large. Tube straight, slender, long. Segments equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments pinkish; style white; stigma crimson-red. Perianth scarlet, base of lower segments yellowish white. Tips of segments with crimson-red streaking and penciling. Good substance. A bright color. Season — Early; 60 days. Spike — Medium short, very erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, rigid foliage, extending well along the spike. Corms — Medium size. (Described by George J. Burt.) KING HUMBERT Originator — Group — Childsii Stock from Teas Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments equal, connivent; the upper as well as the lower segments reflexed. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1v), medial line of each segment white, throat white striped with geranium lake (89-1v). Bloom is a good clear color, of an unusual shape due to angular segments, making it rather conspicuous. Season — Mid-season; 82 to 90 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, glaucous green foliage. Corms — Small; cormels, few. KING OF GLADIOLI Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1905 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white tipped with vermilion; anthers red-violet. Perianth poppy color (84-1v), yellow-green throat covered partly by a dotted blotch of scarlet (85-Iv). A good clear color, of good substance. Kelway remarks: ‘‘ One of the finest in existence.” Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Tall (112 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, small, prolific. KING OF SCARLETS. See Prince Henry of York. KING PHILIP Originator — White Group — . Stock from White Bloom — Large (9.5-13 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (85-1) with white throat blotched with blood red (93-1v). A rather loose bloom of medium substance. Six blooms open at one time. Good arrangement on spike. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. 370 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Three spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large size; cormels, very prolific. KLONDYKE : Originator — Christy. Intro. 1907, Livingston Seed Store Group — Lemoinei characters Stock from Stewart; Tracy; Christy Synonyms — Golden Queen (Stewart); Golden Nugget (Teas). Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments yellowish; anthers lavender. Perianth amber-white (12-111) with a large lilac-purple (160-1v) diamond-shaped blotch. Not very open, of good sub- stance. Seven blooms open at once. Some blooms double. Season — Mid-August; 96 days. Spike — Tall (103 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Often two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, very prolific. KUNDERDI GLORY. See Glory (Kunderd). KUNDERD’S ORANGE. See Princess of Orange. LA CANDEUR Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. : 1869 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white with lilac sutures. Perianth amber-white (12-11), upper segment often tinged with rose; throat lemon-yellow (21-1), base shaded with Tyrian rose (155). Not of good form, but of excellent substance. Season — Mid-season; 85 to go days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (21). Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LACORDAIRE Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1895 Group — Lemoine Stock from Stewart Synonym — By Stewart cataloged as Empire. Robertson and Hogg catalog an Empire introduced by Groff in 1910, apparently of same color. Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper narrower with edges reflexed laterally, the lower slightly reflexed. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers violet. Peri- anth scarlet (87-Iv), with no markings except slight indication of white lines deep in throat. An especially good, clear, deep, rich color; well open; resembles Princeps in color except that it does not possess the Princeps blotch. It seems an excellent deep scarlet. ‘ Season — July 20, 1913, and September 1, 1912; 95 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Often two spikes per corm. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GLADIOLUS StuDIEs — III 372 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 LADY HOWARD DE WALDEN Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1898 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Cowee Bloom — Large size (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and somewhat hooded, the lower straight. Stamen filaments light yellow; anthers yellow, rather conspicuous. Perianth cream-yellow (30-111) with large French purple (161-111) blotch bordered by lemon-yellow (20-1); a slight suffusion of carmine appears in the segments. Excellent substance. A very attractive bloom with an admirably shaped blotch. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Early August; 76 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with rigid, broad, silvery green leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, medium prolific. LADY WARWICK Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1908 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (7.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments lavender; anthers violet, with a greenish streak. Perianth nearly reddish violet (180-1v), with French purple (16i-1v) medial line and lined blotch somewhat lighter than French purple. Good color, velvety appearance. Blooms well arranged on the spike. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (89 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Few, large; cormels, medium prolific. LADY YOUNG Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1908 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments rather wide; anthers blue-violet. Perianth violet-rose (154-Iv) sparsely splashed with Tyrian rose (155-1V), with white medial lines. Good sub- stance, a compact bloom, pleasing color. Season — Late August; 92 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (21). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. - Growth — Good; plant well furnished with broad, stiff, prominently veined leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. LAEL Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1896. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth soft pink with an intermixed blotch of carmine-red (113-1), surrounded by orange “‘ having a metallic luster ’’ (Childs). Bright, clear color. Season — Mid-season to late; 95 to 100 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. , GLapDIOLus StupiEs — HI Ky LAFAYETTE Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1894 Group — Lemoinei : Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper rather hooded, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers blue. Perianth dark cream (straw- yellow 31-1), throat deeper cream blotched with French purple (161-1), the segments slightly suffused with Tyrian rose (155-1). A compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spire — Medium short (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. _ Corms — Medium small; cormels, few. LA FRANCE” Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1877 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Warnaar Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and often rather narrow. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) thickly splashed with light Tyrian rose (155-1), blotched with deeper Tyrian rose (155-Iv). Compact. Medium good substance. Six blooms open at one time. Segments often crinkly edged. Season — Mid-season to late; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17-25), two branches. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. 2 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LA LORRAINE Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1904 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers reddish violet. Perianth cochineal red (83-11), lemon-yellow throat blotched with deep French purple (161-1v). A good color, a finely shaped, compact bloom of excellent substance. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (21). Two spikes produced per corm. Hatint — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. LA LUNA Originator — Groff. _Intro. 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914, Cowee Group — Lemoinei Stock from Cowee Bloom — Large (10.5 cm.). Tube slightly curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments pure white; anthers lilac. Perianth pure white to cream-yellow (30-1), with large handsome blotch of blood red (93-1v), and with a faint suffusion of rose on the upper segment. ‘‘ Flowers almost round, superior petals broad and overlapping the others’ (Cowee). An excellent form. Good substance. Five flowers open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 100 days. 2» a this is not the same variety introduced by Vilmorin nor the variety introduced by Lemoine in 1886. 374 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. LAMARCK Originator — Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs; Stewart (under name of DeCheville) Synonym — De Cheville (Stewart) Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers greenish violet. Perianth madder lake (122-1v) with a deep lemon-yellow throat blotched with crimson-red (114-1v). Compact. Exceptional substance. Rich colors. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (76 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LARGE BUFF Originator — Kunderd Group — Stock from Wright; Brown Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, pink bases; anthers white, tinted lavender. Perianth pale yellow flesh (68-i1) with amber-white throat (12-1v) penciled with Tyrian rose (155-Iv). Buds yellow. Compact bloom of tough substance. Seven -blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 82 to 84 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Two or three spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. LARGE PURPLISH. See Evaline. LAVENDER QUEEN Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1912. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, short. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers lavender. Perianth lilac (176-1) with large rosy magenta (169-111) blotches. Often with rosy magenta medial lines. Clear color. Good substance. ‘‘ New colors, entirely distinct ” (Childs). Season — Mid-season to late; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Often rather drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad, rather drooping leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LEMON DROP Originator — Childs. Intro: 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, rather hooded, and broad, the lower ‘reflexed GLapIoLus StupIEs — III +1395 and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers blue-lavender. Perianth yellow- green (16-1) with large French purple (161-1) blotches on the lower segments. Good shape and excellent substance. Season — Mid-season; 72 to 86 days. Spike — Tall (128 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20), branched. Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. : Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. LEONARD JOERG Originator — Childs. Intro. 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, rose tips; anthers creamy lilac, violet sutures. Perianth violet-rose (154-111) thickly splashed and mottled with Tyrian tose (155-IvV). deep yellow throat with penciled blotch of blood red. Not a clear ‘ color. An attractive throat. Good, compact spike of bloom. Good substance. Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LEON DUVAL Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1899 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Cavers Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white. Perianth amber-white (12-1) blotched with fiery red (80-1v), the medial line being darker. Upper segments often rose tinted. Upper segments often somewhat laterally reflexed. Four blooms open atonetime. A rather loose bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Medium dwarf (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), two branches. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LE POUSSIN Originator — Souchet. Previous to ; 1877 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium small (6 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (87-11) becoming lighter toward the center, throat and medial lines amber-white, lower segments faintly marked with Tyrian rose (155-11). Compact bloom of good substance. Seven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 92 days. Spike — Medium short (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), not branched. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. LE RADIUM. See Reine de 1’Anjou. 376 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 LE TRIOMPHE Originator — Brunelet Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs (Described from cut spike.) Bloom — Medium large (9-10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilac tipped; anthers violet. Perianth violet- rose (154-1) with white throat and slight splashings of Tyrian rose (155-11) in segments. Compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season. Spike — Medium tall, erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. LIEBESFEUER Originator — Group — Stock from Warnaar Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet-red. Perianth scarlet (85- IV) with a carmine-red (113-Iv) dash in the throat. Compact bloom of medium good substance. Nine blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. LILLIAN Originator — Group — Lemoinei Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish. Perianth amber-white (12-1) blotched with luminous blood red (93-1), the upper segments suffused with a color pinker than crushed strawberry (109-111). A variety of the Jean Dieulafoy type. Good compact bloom of medium substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (go cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. LILLIAN MORRISSEY Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A. G.S., I9I4 Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (8-9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth crimson- red (114-Iv), the lower segments darker, the lip rosy white with a broad dash of crimson-red. Velvety texture, compact, medium good substance; spikes some- times fasciated. é Season — Mid-season; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on a main, 8 and 6 on secondaries). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. 2 Kelway catalogs Lilian; it may be this variety. GLADIOLUS StupbIEs — III 377 ~ LILY COE Originator — May Group — ' Stock from May Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-lavender. Perianth near carmine lake (121-1) with penciled blotch of currant red (115-1v). Good color. Segments seem to be folded back at tips a great many times; compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. LILY LEHMANN Originator — Alkemade. Intro. 1909 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Velthuys Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. ‘Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments ; anthers Perianth pure white, often develops a rosy suffusion or feathering. Lower segments slightly tinged with lemon. P. Vos calls this a fine rose color, for it is apparently more pinkish in Holland. It possesses a strong oppositiflorus arrangement of flowers. The blooms are hardly so well formed or so well arranged as in Europa and:Rochester White. Season — Early; 84 to go days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, though a trifle curved, a fair number of bioors (12-15), always branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, very spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. LITTLE BLUSH Originator—Childs. Intro. 1898. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Michell Bloom — Medium large (9-11 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth iilacy white (7-Iv), more pinkish, often thickly splashed with lilac-rose (152-11). A dainty color. Not an especially good shape. Season — Mid-season to late; 101 to 105 days. Spike — Medium dwarf (68 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Habit — Erect, medium dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large, medium number; cormels, few, small. LITTLETON Originator — Groff Group — Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers lilac. Perianth scarlet, the lower segments more Lincoln red; color becomes lighter in the throat; large penciled blotches of old carmine-red (107-Iv) bordered by yellow-green in the throat. Color good, very bright. Good substance, well open. Season — Mid-season; 89 to 93 days. Spike — Tall (104 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plants medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Smali; cormels, few. 378 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 LIVONIA Originator— Childs. Cataloged 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii : Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1) with geranium red markings on a lemon-yellow throat, the blotch tipped by a dash of lemon-yellow. Compact bloom, good substance. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LIZZIE Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilac; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white - (7-1) with Tyrian rose (155) blotch. The bloom is rather loose, of medium sub- stance, and well open. Season — Mid-season to late; I10 to 120 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. LORD ALVERSTON Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1900 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges, broader than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth turkey red (g2-1v); edges of the outer segments darker, a blood red; inner segments carmine (116-11). Slight, inconspicuous pencilings of carmine in the throat. Bloom is well open and of a good clear, deep color. The intense color of the flower per- vades the whole plant making spike and bracts bronze, with the leaves a deep green. Five to six blooms open at one time. Season — Early; 72 to 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Branches often blooming after the main spike. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant furnished with medium broad, rather drooping leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. LOUIS WALTER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 ; Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper. horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers red-violet. Perianth carmine-red (113-1) feathered lighter (nearly white) and darker (deep blood red) and blotched with lilac-purple (160-1v) cut by a light medial line. Notaclearcolor. A rather loose showy bloom of medium substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GLADIOLUS STUDIEs — III 379 LOVELINESS Originator — Van Konijnenburg. Intro. IgI2 Group — Stock from Zeestraten Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers white, violet sutures. Perianth pale reddish salmon (73-1), amber-white (12-1v) throat penciled with near rosy magenta (169-Iv) with a slight feathering of rose in segments. A good light color, excellent form, compact, and of fairly good substance. Eleven blooms open at one time. Blooms face around the spike. Season — Mid-season; 92 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (22), two branches. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant. well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. LUCEIL. See Miss Luceil. LUCILLE Originator — Stewart. Exhibited 1909. Intro. Ig12 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube slightly curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers light lavender. Perianth crushed strawberry (109-1) with a sulfur-yellow throat very faintly dotted with crimson- carmine. Compact, well-formed, daintily colored bloom. Season — Mid-season; 89 to 92 days. Spike — Tall (108 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (23 on the main spike, 8on a secondary). Two spikes often occur per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, rather drooping leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, large, few. LUCRETIA Originator — Warnaar Group — Stock from Warnaar Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper hooded and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilacy. Perianth creamy white (10-1) with lilac-purple (160-1v) blotches bordered by a slight cream tinting; there are often suffusions of lilac. Compact, of medium good substance, rather bell-shaped, and not well open. Six blooms open at once. Season — Early August; 80 days. Spike — Tall (120 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20 on a main, with 13 and 5 on secondaries). Often three spikes per corm. Habit — Medium tall, erect, spreading. : Growth — Slender, vigorous; plant well furnished with medium slender foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, many. LUSTROUS Originator — Miller Group — Childsii or Gandavensis : Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth poppy color (84-Iv), lemon-yellow throat slightly dotted with Tyrian rose (155-1v) with lighter medial lines. A good color, bloom well open. Five blooms open at one time. 2 Krelage, 1905, catalogs an early, dwarf variety of this name. 380 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Season — Mid-season; 88 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (22), three branches. Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. f Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. LYDIA Originator — Childs. Intro. 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Perianth violet-rose (154-1) suffused with crimson-carmine, the lower segments marked and striped with crimson-carmine, medial lines of currant red (115-Iv). Color rather too mottled. Season — Mid-season; 95 days. Spike — Medium short (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. McALPIN Originator — Group — Stock from Tracy Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments rosy white; anthers red-violet. Perianth carmine (116-1) with an amber-white (12-1) throat blotched with carmine-purple (156-1v). A good color and shape, excellent substance. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. MADAM BUTTERFLY Originator — Groff. Intro. Tracy Group — Gandavensis Stock from Brown; Tracy Synonym — Yellow Jacket (?). f Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube slightly curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers light lavender. Perianth amber- yellow (28-1v) with a pinkish cast, often thickly feathered with salmon-carmine (125-1) with lines of French purple (161-Iv) on deep yellow throat. Bloom rather compact, of good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few or none. MADAME BRUNELET Originator — Vilmorin-Andrieux. Intro. 1902 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. GLaDIOLus StupiEes — III 381 Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth pale light lilac (187-1) feathered and blotched with magenta (182-1), blotch is cut by a lemon-white medial line. A rather compact bloom. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, blooms freely (20), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MADAME LEMOINIER Originator — Lemoine. Previous to 1894 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs Synonym — Easter. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lilac. Perianth greenish white (15-Iv), with a large blotch of ox blood red (94—-m) on lower segments bordered by pale yellow-green. Bloom possesses good shape and rather good sub- stance, but the blotch does not have a very acceptable color. Seems excellent for indoor culture. Season — Mid-season; 75 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, slender, a fair number of blooms (13-15), branched. Hatt — Erect, medium tall, spreading. -Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad rigid leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels. MADAME MONNERET Originator — Souchet. Previous to 1877 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Moore Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments ———————_; anthers ———————.. Perianth reddish old rose (142-1) with a broad dash of French purple (161-i) in the throat. A rather compact bloom of medium good substance. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Hatit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MADHI Originator — Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long, Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth ox blood red becoming lighter toward the throat, feathered with drab (light and dark), throat lemon- yellow. Compact bloom of good substance, color fairly acceptable. Five blooms - open at one time. Season — Medium late; 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. MAGENTA. See Mrs. G. W. Moulton. 382 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 MAGNATE Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett : Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers almost black. Perianth bright scarlet, throat striped with Tyrian rose (155-111), the lower segments slightly deeper in color —a distinct tint. Season — Medium late; 103 days. Spike — Tall (114 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (23). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MAGNIFICUS Originator —Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1886 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen fila- ments pink; anthers violet. Perianth Lincoln red (88-11) with a lemon-yellow throat dotted and penciled with carmine-purple (156-1v). Compact bloom of good shape and good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Two spikes per corm. . Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. MAHARAJAH OF KHOLAPUR Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1903 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lilac-white; anthers violet. Perianth lighter than strawberry red (110-1), throat and medial lines of lower segments greenish yellow. Season — Medium late; 102 days. Spike — Medium tall (76 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. MAIZE Originator — Umpleby. Reg. A.G.S., 1914, Tracy Group — Stock from Tracy; Umpleby Synonym — Identical with Umpleby No. 5. A segregation from a Farquhar hybrid sold by Umpleby to Tracy. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal, the lower nearly straight. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth amber-yellow (28-1) with a well-defined, dull crimson blotch on lower lip. Bloom very neat in appearance. Four to five blooms open at one time. Season — Early to mid-season; 74 days. Spike — Medium tall (78 cm.), very erect, blooms freely, branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, large, prolific. GtabDioLus Stupies — III 383 MAJOR RHEINHARDT Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1911 : Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower broad and slightly reflexed. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth blood red (93-1v) with darker shades in the throat. Color deep, excellent. Season — Late; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18 on main, 8 ona secondary). Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, rather drooping leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MAPLESHADE Originator — Christy. Seedling of 1903 Parentage — Same as America (May X Madam Auber) Stock from Christy Bloom — Large (9.5 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth mauve-rose (153-11) with Tyrian rose (155-Iv) dashes and veinings in the throat. Very much resembles America that is well grown. Mapleshade is larger and a better color; the flowers are wide open but of only medium substance, seem more fragile than those of America. Christy writes that Van Fleet, Burbank, and Stewart think this variety better than America. Five blooms open at one time. Season — About the same as that of America, mid-season; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (93 cm.), sometimes curved, a fair number of blooms (18-23), longer than that of America. I Habit — Rather drooping, “as tall as any Childsit,” spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with long, medium broad leaves, broader than those of America. Corms — Large; cormels, large, prolific, inferior to those of America. MARC MICHELI Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1896 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs = Bloom — Small (6.7 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments hlac-white; anthers hlac. Perianth lilacy white or very light lavender, the throat almost covered by large deep carmine-violet (174-1v) blotches, each blotch with a small dash of yellow running partly through it. Compact bloom, good substance. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MARGARET Originator — Group — - Stock from Vaughan; Crawfor Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments litac-white; anthers violet. Perianth strawberry red (110) with whitish medial line and yellowish white throat, edged with carmine and splashed with same color on back. Striking color contrast, good substance. Season — Mid-season to late; 105 to 110 days. Sptke — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (23). \ 384 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MARIANNE Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1910 Group — Gandavensis, but possessing Lemoinei blotch Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (7.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers white with violet sutures. Perianth white with a large amaranth red (168-111) blotch and an amber-white tinting of lower segment. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MARIE LEMOINE Originator — Lemoine 5 Group — Lemoinei : Stock from Boddington Synonym — Mary Lemoine. : Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers cream. Perianth yellowish white (13-11) blotched with large area of French purple (161-1v). Buds when first opening and the lower lip when open are yellow-green (16-1). Attractive blotch. Bell-shaped bloom of excellent substance. Season — Medium early; 78 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), slender, erect, a fair number of blooms (13), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MARION Originator —Childs. Intro. 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers white, violet sutures. Perianth lilacy white (7) feathered with lightest rose, lined with blotch of Tyrian rose, shaded at edge by lemon-yellow. Compact bloom of medium substance. Season — Late; 115 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. MARY FENNEL Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A.G.S., ° 1914 Group — . Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Synonyms — Charlotte; Giant Lavender. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lilac with violet sutures. Perianth pure mauve (181-11), lower segments primrose yellow, penciled and suffused dimly with pure mauve. Well-open, compact bloom of medium substance, Three to five blooms open at one time. GLADIOLUS StupIEs — III 385 Season — Mid-season; 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (71 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Two spikes per corm. : Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. ; Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. MARY LEMOINE. See Marie Lemoine. MASQUE DE FER Originator — Lemoine. Previous to 1894 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Childs (Described from cut spike.) Blaom — Small (6-7 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac, nearly white. Perianth deep blood red, near ox blood red (94-I1v), lower lip with slight dash of yellow. A rich color. Bloom compact and of good substance, but rather small, not showy. Season — Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, slender, a fair number of blooms (19). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. MASTODON Originator — Van Fleet Group — Princeps hybrid Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Very large. Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; styles red. Perianth vermition-red, blotched with blood red with yellow streakings at base and yellow medial line. Only about five blooms open at one time, but they are so large that they present a good appearance. About the finest of its color. Season — September I, IgII. Spike — Tall, erect, free blooming. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. (Described by George J. Burt.) MAY Originator — Crawford Group — Gandavensis Stock from Teas; Umpleby; Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper rather reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments white; anthers yellow, violet sutures. Perianth rosy white finely flaked with crimson-carmine, throat amber-yellow (28) marked lightly with Tyrian rose (155-11). Good substance, a good white. Season — Mid-season to late; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (98 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (23 on main, Io on secondary). Often two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plants well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few, small. MAYOR Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1912 Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10.5-11 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. _Segments unequal, connivent; the upper with reflexed tips and narrower, the lower reflexed 386 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 and broad. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth near pure red (less blue than 159-1), lower lip stippled with lilac-purple (160-1v). Catalogs call the color rich purple-rose. Well-open, compact bloom of medium substance. ; oi Season — Mid-season; 83 to go days. Spike — Medium tall (84 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, 7 and 6 on secondaries). Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow foliage. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few or none. MAY’S CARDINAL. See Cardinal (May). MEADOWVALE Originator —Cowee. Intro. rIgoo. Reg. A. G. S., 1914, Cowee Group — Gandavensis Stock from Stewart; Cowee Synonyms — Purity (Stewart), exhibited 1910; Canada. Bloom — Medium size (7-8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white with lavender sutures. Perianth rosy white (8-111) with crimson-carmine (159-1) lines in the throat and also areas deep-in the throat. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (98 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. - Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium to narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MEHLMANN NO. 326 Originator — Mehlmann Group — Stock from Mehlmann Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal often reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers lilac. Perianth light carmine lake (121-1v) ; throat lemon-yellow blotched with turkey red (92-1v). A dainty color, bloom well open. Five blooms open at one time; blooms face various directions. ' Season — Mid-season to late; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Often three spikes per corm. : Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MEHLMANN NO. 329 Originator — Mehlmann Group — Stock from Mehlmann Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth lilac-purple (darker than 160-1v). Wide-open, compact bloom of excellent substance, rich color. Season — Mid-season to late; 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. | Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. GLapDIoLus StupiEs — III 387 MELROSE* Originator —Childs. Intro. 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii : Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth white, flaked very sparsely with carmine; . throat with crimson-carmine blotch. Good color, substance does not seem the best. Season — Mid-season to late; 100 days. Spike — Tall (103 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Two spikes per corm. Bracts tinged with bronze. Hatit — Erect, tall, medium compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large, prolific; cormels, few or none. MEPHISTOPHELES Originator — Lemoine Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth bright cardinal- red (112—I1v) blotched with carmine-red on all segments, bordered by broad yellow bands. Compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. _Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), branched. Hatit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. METEOR * Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1906 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers dirty red. Perianth cochineal red (83-1) blotched with purple-garnet (165-1v) with a mere dash of white at the medial line. The bloom is compact and of medium good substance. Five blooms open at one time. A bright and showy bloom. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous: plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MICHIGAN ® Originator — Stewart. Intro. 1912 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and often broader. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth Lincoln red (88-1, more red than reddish old rose 142-1v). Might be called a rose-pink. Well-open bloom with excellent arrangement. Season — Medium late; 102 days. oe — Rather tall (97 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Two spikes per orm. Habit — Erect, tall, compact. 3 Lemoine also catalogs a variety by this name. * Kelway, Vos, and Childs each catalog a variety by this name. Meteor (Vos) has been changed by the Haarlem Floral Committee to Red Emperor. = Kelway catalogs a variety of this name. 388 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MIDSHIPMAN Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with abruptly reflexed edges, the lower narrower with abruptly reflexed edges. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth somewhat like old blood red (103), with a violet tinge in outside of segments, yellow-green line covered by old blood red markings. An unusual looking bloom, has a rather closed appearance. Season — Mid-season; 92 to 99 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15 on main and 4 on secondaries). Hatit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. MIDSUMMER QUEEN Originator — Christy Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Medium to small (6-8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers lavender. Perianth mauve-rose (153-1) blotched with amaranth red (168-1v), with yellow-green medial lines through the tip of the blotch; segments somewhat suffused with violet-rose (154-1). Color would be best described as rosy or iilacy white. Bloom compact, of medium substance. Should be a good landscape variety. Season — Medium early; 72 to 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), curved, a fair number of blooms (20), two branches. Usually two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MIKADO. See Hollandia. MILDRED Originator — May Group — Stock from May Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers red-violet. Perianth carthamin red (88-1) feathered and flecked deeper (88-1v), geranium lake (89-Iv) in the throat. A rather loose bloom of medium substance. The feathering of the segments seems objectionable. Season — Mid-season; 87 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. MINNEHAHA Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and rather narrow, the lower broader. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth geranium red (resembles I11I-Iv) Giapiotus Stupies — III 380 shaded deeper in throat, slightly intermixed with white. Almost a self color, a good deep red. An excellent variety. Seven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. MINNESOTA Originator — Ruff Group — Stock from Ruff Synonym — Sterling. Z Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth amber-white (12-1) with pale suffusion of rose and flamed blotch of crimson-carmine (114-Iv and deeper). Compact bloom of excellent, tough substance. Good color. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 76 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), not branched. ~ Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. MISS KELWAY Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1905 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size (9-10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, the upper and lower segments quite separate; the upper slightly reflexed and narrower, the lower reflexed. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth mauve-rose (153-11) thickly splashed with lilac-rose (152-111); each of the five lower segments have yellow-green centers and bases, the lower segments with pencilings of magenta (169-1). A rather decorative variety though the colors are not clear. Season — Mid-season; 75 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (17 on main). The main decorative value of this variety lies in the fact that it generally bears three branches of approximately 11 blooms each. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Large, prolific; cormels, few. MISS LUCEIL Originator — Group — Stock from Wright Synonym — Luceil. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers white or greenish. Perianth lighter than mauve-rose (153-1) with amber-white throat (12-1) marked at base and at sides with Tyrian rose (155-Iv). A rather compact bloom of medium good substance. Blooms frequently on all sides of the spikes. Season — Mid-season; 81 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (19), two branches. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. 390 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 : Fic. 59. MRS. A. C. BEAL .s a 7 yr GiaDIOLus StupiEs — III 391 MISS ZENA DARE re Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1905 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Kelway Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper reflexed and narrow, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth creamy white (10-Iv), the lower segments yellow-green (17-1) fading to creamy white, striped with dark old rose (149-1v) also with the faintest splashings of carmine-purple (159-IV) at tips of outer segments. Dainty color. Season — Mid-season; 88 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Halt — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MRS. A. C. BEAL Originator — Umpleby. Reg. A. G.S., 1915 Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Umpleby Synonym — Umpleby No. 385. Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers light lavender. Perianth rosy white blotched with Lincoln red (88-1) in which the medial line shades to old carmine-red (107-Iv). A fine color and an attractive blotch. Four blooms open at one time. The buds are very salmony when first opening. Flowers well arranged. Season — Early; 70 days. Spike — Tall (93 cm.), erect, often curved, a fair number of blooms (16 on main and g on secondary). Two or three spikes borne per corm. Because of curved spike it does not pack well in shipping. Habit — Often rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. ~ Corms — Large; cormels, few. MRS. BEECHER Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IgI4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Synonym — Also cataloged as Mrs. H. W. Beecher. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments reddish; style reddish. Perianth cardinal-red (112-11) with white throat streaked with carmine-red (113). Good color, well open. Two or three blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 100 days. - Spike — Medium short (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, rather dwarf, compact. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MRS. FRANCIS KING Originator — Coblentz Group — Nanceianus (Gage); Childsii (Miller, Hoeg, and Robertson) Stock from Teas; Tracy Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with edges slightly incurved, the lower almost straight and narrower. Stamen filaments white with red bases; anthers nearly white with blue suture lines. Perianth vermilion-red (87-11) sparsely splashed with deeper vermilion-red (87-11), and often penciled to form a blotch on two lower segments of vermilion-red. Bloom well open and the standard of substance, shape excellent, and the color clear. Six blooms open at one time. 302 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Season — Mid-season; 80 days. Spike — Tall (120 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Three spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. , Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific, large. MRS. FRANK PENDLETON Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A. G.S., 1914 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Gage Synonym — Formerly the word Jr. was added to the name. Bloom —— Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-111) witha large ox blood red (94-11) blotch. Excellent color, good size, good substance, well arranged. Four or five blooms open at once. Season — Early August; 83 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16 and 6). . Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Good; plant well fur- nished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; corm- els, few. MRS. G. W. MOULTON Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A. G.S., 1914 Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Synonym — Magenta. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, conni- Fic. 60. MRS. FRANCIS KING vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower re- flexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish tips; anthers violet. Perianth lilac-purple (160-1v), throat lemon-yellow marked with French purple (161-1v). A fine velvety deep red. Some of the blooms are slightly double. A compact bloom of good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. ; Spike — Tall (100 cm.), very erect, a large number of blooms. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, rather compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. MRS. G. W. WILLOCK Bloom — Large. Tube cu upper horizontal and pinkish; style yellow. pink, lower segments with solferino red splashings on canary- yellow throat French purple medial line. son — August 9, IQII. le Median tall, erect, number of Hahnt — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. (Described by George J. Burt.) MRS. H. W. BEECHER. See Mrs. Beecher. MRS. JAMES LANCAS- TERSHIRE. See Fairy. MRS. LA MANCE ee sien 1s. Reg. A G.S., 1914 Group — — aildsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. §S filaments thers violet. lilacy white intermixed Tyrian rose (155-1 Season — Medium late Spike — Medium tall (8 Haint — Erect, medium Growth — Vigorous; Corms — Medium siz 103 days. GLADIOLUS StTubIEs — III 393 Originator — Kelway Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway rved, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the - > broad, the lower reflexed Perianth ii] ] Fic. 61. RANK PENDLETON Compact bloom of medium substance. Clear color. 394 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 MRS. MILLINS Originator — White Group — Lemoinei . Stock from White* Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, me- dium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers dark red. Peri- anth purple-brown (more red than 160-11), throat purple-gar- net (165-IV) witha small yellow dash. A dark velvety color. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), branched. Two spikes often borne per corm. Halit — Erect, medium tall, spread- ing. Growth — Vigorous; plant well fur- nished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. MRS. MONTAGUE CHAMBER- LAIN Originator — Kunderd. Intro. Chamberlain & Gage. Reg. A. G.S., 1914 - Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube slightly curved, medium stout, medium short. Segments un- equal, connivent; the upper hori- zontal and broad, the lower straight and slightly narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth pure white, Tyrian rose (155) shading deep in the throat, each segment pen- ciled on medial lines. A com- pact bloom of medium substance. Exquisite shape, crystalline color, well-open bloom. Good com- mercial color. Season — Late September; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), not branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spread- ing. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. Fic. 62. MRS. MILLINS GLADIOLUs STUDIES — III 395 MRS. R. A. GOLDSMITH Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube very crooked, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and somewhat broader, the lower reflexed. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth nearly madder lake (122-111), white throat spotted and dashed sparsely with madder lake ei 22—1V). Season — Rather late; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MRS. SCOTT DURAND Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Vaughan Synonym — Coblentz No. 304. Bloom — Medium large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, pink tipped; anthers reddish violet. Perianth bright scarlet (87-1v) with old blood red (103-1v) blotches on lower segments and yellow- green medial lines. Excellent substance, good shape. Season — Mid-season; 83 to 93 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, 6 on a branch), Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. MRS. WATT Originator — Crawford Group — Stock from Crawford Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments red; styles lighter. Perianth crimson- red (114-111) with a lighter medial line on lower segment, and a light base of inferior, lower segment. The color is an excellent deep red. Blooms have good substance and are well arranged on a neat spike. Burt, in I91I, states that it is the best red in the plot. Four blooms open at once. Season — Mid-season, early August; 90 to 95 days. Spike -— Medium tall (92 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with erect, medium broad, blue-green leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, though small are prolific. MRS. W. E. FRYER Originator — Kunderd Group — : Stock from Fryer; Wright (Red Canna) Synonym — Red Canna (Wright). Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments scarlet; anthers red-violet. Perianth poppy red (84-1) with amber-white (12-1) throat, penciled to form a blotch of crimson-red (114-1V). A bright-colored, wide-open, compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), two branches. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. 396 3 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 MRS. W. L. THOMPSON Originator — Crawford Group — Stock from Crawford Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower reflexed segments; the lower segments smaller than the upper. Stamen filaments lilacy white; anthers white. Perianth deep rose-pink (120-1) rather deeply splashed with deep rose-pink (120-1V), with a white medial line and a yellow-green throat. Flowers are well arranged. Colors dainty. Eight blooms open at once. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 85 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, free blooming (20 on main, 8 on secondary), often two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, very spreading. Growth — Good; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, prolific. MRS. W. N. BIRD Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., I9I4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs : Bloom — Medium size (7-8 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth carmine (116-1) or lilac-rose (Childs) with lines of lilac-purple (160-11) on a lemon-yellow throat. Compact, good substance. A good rose-colored variety. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Medium tall (77 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. MOHONK Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., I9I4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet, throat white stippled with geranium lake (89-1v). Good shape and color. Childs calls the color ‘‘ deep, dark pink.” Season — Medium to late; 116 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. MONGOLIAN Originator — Kunderd. Intro. Brown, 1913 Group — Stock from Brown Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellowish white; anthers lilac. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-1) with dull Tyrian rose (155-1) pencilings and a small blotch, slight feathering of rose in segments. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Five to seven blooms open at one time out of doors, and eight to twelve in water. Season — Early to mid-season. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms ———————; cormels, GLADIOLUS StupIEs — III 3907 MONSIEUR A. BRONGNIART Originator — Brunelet Group — Gandavensis Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers pinkish with violet sutures. Perianth deep rose-pink (120-1) splashed with Lincoln red (88-1), throat lemon-white. Compact bloom of good substance, dainty color, and good shape. Season — Mid-season to late; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. MONSTER Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (12.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and very broad, the lower reflexed and much narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers white with violet sutures. Perianth “ pink, mottled salmon with a blue tinge.”” A good pink. Rather loose. Good substance for so large a bloom. Season — Mid-season to late; 103 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. MORNING GLORY Originator — Warnaar Group — Lemoinei Stock from Warnaar Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, hooded, and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (85-Iv) blotched with crimson-red (114-IV) with a deeper medial line and the slightest dash of yellow on the medial line of the blotch. Compact and of excellent substance. Well arranged on the spike. Season — Mid-season; 75 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow, short, rigid leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, many. MOTTLED AMERICA Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A. G.S., I9I4 Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Wright Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.)._ Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers lilac. Perianth lighter than Rose Neyron red (119-1), thickly feathered with deeper than Rose Neyron red (119-1), throat intermixed carmine-violet (174-1). A somewhat loose bloom of medium good substance. Not the shape of America, nor does it in any way resemble America. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. 398 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 MURIEL Originator — Pfitzer : Group — Lemoinei or nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, stout. ‘Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen fila- ments pink; anthers lilac with violet sutures. Perianth pale lilac-rose (178-1) thickly suffused, feathered, and blotched with plum-violet (172-1v). A compact bloom of exceptional substance. Color hardly pleasing. Blooms face downward. Season — Early to mid-season; 74 days. ; Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20), branched. - Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. NANCY RAY Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube straight, very stout, medium short. Segments equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white with crimson bases; anthers lavender to violet. Perianth rosy white (8-Iv), inner segments pale pink (135-111), the lower segments blotched with crimson-red, often throat is not blotched and merely has a small area of color deep in the throat. Bloom symmetrical, that is, it can hardly be separated into upper and lower segments. Remarkable substance. Excellent light color. Season — Medium early; 74 days. Spike — Medium tall (94 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19 on main, 16 on secondary), usually two branches. Hatit — Erect, tall, medium spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad, clean, silver-green foliage. Corms — Medium large; cormels, small, prolific. NAPOLEON. See Burrel. NEGERFURST Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1905 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Boddington Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers deep red-violet. Perianth deep crimson-red (114-Iv), deeper at edges and feathered almost black; throat amber- white (12-1) intermixed with crimson-red (114-1), often with lighter medial lines. Compact, handsome bloom of velvety texture and tough substance. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 89 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (21). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. NELLIE Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers almost black. Perianth scarlet (85-111), throat lemon-yellow (21-11) thickly. splashed with geranium lake, the color darker at the edges of the segments. Color good and clear. Four blooms open at one time. Extra good landscape variety. Seems to have Brenchleyensis blood in it, as it closely resembles that variety, but has wider segments. Season — Mid-season; 81 days. ee ei ee GLADIOLUS StuDIEs — III 399 Spike — Medium tall (82 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19 on main, 13, I1, and 10 on secondaries). Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. : NEW AMERICA (Crawford) _ Originator — Crawford. Cataloged IQII Group — Stock from Crawford Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth bright rose (128-11) streaked a bit darker, throat light yellow-green marked with Tyrian rose (155-11), segments rather pointed. Often blooms appear rather irregularly on the spike. Season — Medium late; 106 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). - Habit— Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few, large. NEW AMERICA (Mallory & Brown) Originator — Mallory & Brown Group — Stock from Mallory & Brown Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth lilac-white (7-1), though often the color appears to be more pinkish. In any case the variety is lighter in color than America. Segments often feathered rosy pink. Throat with a yellowish green band penciled with Tyrian rose (155-IV). Season — Rather late; 115 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (24). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. NEW CENTURY. See 1900. NEZINSCOTT Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., I9I4 Group — Childsii Stock from Boddington; Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.).. Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers reddish purple. Perianth poppy color (84-Iv) with a purple-garnet almost black (165-1v) dash and penciling in the throat, which is white at the base. An excellent color. Season — Medium early; 78 days. Spike — Short (50 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow, drooping leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. NIAGARA Originator — Banning Group — Gandavensis Stock from Banning Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth yellowish white 400 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 (13-Iv), throat and tips of segments feathered and splashed with crimson-carmine (159-IV). Splashes deep in throat are often not present. Excellent light color. ‘Leads cream-colored varieties.”’ Season — Mid-season; 98 days. ; Spike — Tall (121 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (18-22). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. 1900 Originator — Kennell Group — Gandavensis Stock from Teas Synonym — New Century (Iowa Seed Company). Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers lavender. Perianth cardinal- red (112-Iv), throat yellow-green marked with reddish violet (180-111). Good substance, brilliant color, segments acute or pointed. Season — Late; 105 to 115 days. ‘‘ Blooming till frost ”’ (Christy). Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, often curved, a large number of blooms (17). Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, small, few. NONPAREIL Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1909 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments bright pink; styles bright pink. Perianth Lincoln red (88), throat yellowish white forming a sharp point, blotched with carmine-purple (156—-1V). Excellent shape and substance. Color might be called a salmon-rose. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 100 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19), two branches. Habit — Drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Unhealthy; plant well furnished with very broad but drooping leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. OBERAMMERGAU Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1912 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments pure white; anthers lavender. Perianth amber- white (12-11), lower lip very faintly tinted yellow-green (16-1), also a faint tinting of salmon in the outer segments. A good white. Seven blooms open at one time. Excellent spike of compact blooms of medium good substance. 3 Season — Mid-season; 95 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), two branches. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant very well furnished with broad, prominently veined leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. OBERBURGERMEISTER VON BORSCHT Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1909-1913 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tub2 curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and GLADIOLUS StTubDIEs — III 4OI narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth scarlet (87-1), the lower lip a glowing poppy red (84-11) with a broad dash of French purple (161-1Vv). A striking contrast between the upper and the lower segments. Compact bloom of medium substance. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Short (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), not branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium small; cormels, few. OCTOROON Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1891 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers blue-violet. Perianth near reddish salmon (73-11) slightly feathered and suffused with carmine, throat lemon-yellow marked and penciled with Tyrian rose (155). A compact bloom of medium substance. Season — Mid-season; 99 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), two branches. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. OPHIR * Originator — Christy, 1904 Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Large (12.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth yellowish white (13), often deeper, with a crimson-carmine (159-Iv) blotch, the medial line of which is lilac-purple (160- Iv). Rose-colored featherings are often found. Rather loose bloom of medium substance. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-August; 73 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. ORCHID (Kunderd) Originator — Kunderd. Intro. Flana- gan Group — Stock from Flanagan Bloom — Medium size (7-8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white with lavender sutures. Perianth amber- white (12-1), lower segments yellow, penciled with Tyrian rose (155-Iv). Com- pact bloom of medium substance and good color. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. 2s Souchet originated a variety of this name; it was cataloged by Vilmorin in 1877. 402 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 ORCHID (Woodruff) Originator — Woodruff. Intro. 1914 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, very stout, very short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers lilac. Perianth pure white, blotched with Tyrian rose (155-Iv), margined with amber-white (12-1v). round, compact bloom of excellent substance. Six blooms open at one time. An excellent spike of bloom. Season — Mid-season; 73 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. ORIENT Originator —Christy. Seedling of 1907 Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth pale rosy pink (129-1) shading from light to darker (129-1v), throat light cadmium yellow (23-1). Segments splashed and feathered with various tints of rosy pink. A dainty pink variety, called by Christy salmon-pink. Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 87 to 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, well arranged, a large number of blooms (15 on main, 7 and 8 on two branches). Four spikes often borne per corm, Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — ‘‘ Freely increasing by multiplication of large corms rather than production of cormels’”’ (Christy). Corms large; cormels, large, prolific. : PACTOLE (Lemoine) Originator — Lemoine. Previous to 1894 Group— Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Small (5-6 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments yellow; anthers yellow. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-1) blotched with blood red. A very deep yellow. Very compact. Exceptionally good substance. Season — Late; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. PACTOLE (Souchet) Originator — Souchet. Intro. 1894 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. _Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth ‘‘ pure light yellow bordered rose, the inferior divisions generally darker yellow, blotched carmine- rose.’’ Five blooms open at one time. Season — Rather late; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few or none. GLADIOLUS STuDIEs — III 403 PAINTED LADY Originator — Miller Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth white with fine Tyrian rose (155-111) lines in the throat. About the same sort of variety as Snow- bank but of different shape and markings. (Snowbank not at hand for com- parison.) Four blooms open at one time. Season — Late; 110 days. Spike — Tall (100 cem.), erect, a fair number of hidosis (15), branched. Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous: plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium small; cormels, few. PANAMA ” Originator — Banning Group — Gandavensis X Lemoinei Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet; style red. Perianth lavender- pink, a little more rosy tinted than mauve-rose (153-IV), the color becomes almost white in the throat. Lip marked with Tyrian rose (155-111), not quite so decided asin America. The color is slightly darker than that of America, and the substance is better. (See America.) Season — Mid-season to late; 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. PAPER WHITE. See Crystal White. PAPILIO MAJOR Originator — Group — Gladiolus papilio Stock from Lemoine Bloom — Small (6 cm.). Tube very curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal, somewhat hooded, and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers reddish violet. Perianth near dark old rose (149-11) feathered and flecked deeper and blotched with deep crimson- red (114-Iv) bordered by lemon-yellow. Compact, bell-shaped bloom of excellent substance. Season — Mid-season; 93 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17). Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. PAPILLON * Originator — Krelage Group — Lemoine Stock from Krelage Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube very stout, very short, curved. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream-white; anthers lilac, green tipped frequently. Perianth light mauve-rose (lighter than 153-1), blotched with French purple (brighter than 172-Iv) with a small area of yellow in the center of the lower segment. A most attractive lip. Compact bloom of good substance. Season — Medium early; 74 days. 77 Gravereau originated a variety by this name, ‘‘ about 1905,” rose-carmine in color. %Vilmorin catalogs a gandavensis variety by this name, originated in 1882. 404 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Spike — Medium tall (92 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), two branches. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Rather drooping, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ; PARLIAMENT Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1906 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (15 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white, pink tipped; anthers red-violet. Perianth brighter than rose-pink (118-Iv) with blotches and medial lines of white. An excellent clear pink. Substance not the best. Seven blooms open at one time. Blooms appear on all sides of the spike sometimes. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16 on the main, 8 on a secondary). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. PARODY Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1906 Group — Childsii Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth salmon-pink (126-1) very thickly splashed and feathered with madder lake (122-1v), in fact the mark- ings make the ground color negligible. Throat yellow-green finely dotted with madder rose. Bloom angular. Color not good, various seasons causing a great variation in the degree of splashing. Season — Mid-season; 83 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13 on main, 6 on a sec- ondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, many, small. PARURE ” Originator — Souchet-Vilmorin. Intro. 1895 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Gage Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers pink. Perianth violet-rose (154-1) with a light lemon-yellow throat slightly splashed with carmine. A very attractive color. Excellent substance. Five blooms open at once. Season — Mid-season; 89 to 92 days. ; Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), usually not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. PAUL BOHME Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1911 Group — Gandavensis . Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed 2 Lemoine catalogs a nanceianus variety by this name introduced in 18098; this may be the same. GLADIOLUs StubiEs — III 405 and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers orange. Perianth madder lake (122-1) with lighter medial lines, throat penciled with carmine lake (121-1Vv), a feathering of plum in outer segments. Not a clear color. Season — Medium early; 78 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. PEACE Originator — Groff. Intro. 1899. Reg. A. G. S., 1914, Cowee Group Stock from Cowee Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers lavender. Perianth white, usually lilacy white (7-1), each of the lower segments striped with violet-rose (154-IvV), the upper often suffused and penciled with violet-rose (154-1). A dainty color. In many localities it is one of the best whites, at least it is an excel- lent lilacy white. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 96 days. Spike — Tall (120-130 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (22), often branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant very well furnished with exceptionally broad, promi- nently veined foliage. Corms — Very large; cormels, prolific. PERFECTION. See Taconic. PHILADELPHIA Originator — Cowee. Intro. 1905. Reg. A. G. S., 1914, Cowee Group — Stock from Cowee Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments spotted red; anthers violet. Perianth Rose Neyron red (more salmony than 119-1) splashed with deeper rose. Large blotches of carmine-purple (156-IV) on lower segments. Bloom well open, of good sub- stance, much spotted. Season — Mid-season; 85 to go days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16 on main, 6 on a secondary). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large, prolific; cormels, few. PHLEGETON Originator — Brunelet-Vilmonn. Intro. IgIO Group — Gandavensis Stock from Vaughan Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (85-1v) with a blotch of intermixed Tyrian rose (155-IV) tipped by a dash of white. A well-open, compact bloom of good substance. Eight to ten blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. | Spike — Tall (110 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. 406 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. PIGEON. See Gaiety. PINK BEAUTY Originator — Von Thol, 1893. Intro. Vos, 1909 Group — Stock from Vos Bloom — Medium size (7-8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, short, stout. Segments un- equal, connivent; the upper as well as the lower have the edges gracefully reflexed, the lower but slightly narrower than the upper. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender with blue suture lines. Perianth purple-rose (150-Iv) with a blotch on the lower segments shading from ox blood red (94-1v) to blood red (93-111). Large number of blooms out at one time. Neat-looking bloom of good substance, but color is too bright for a commercial variety. Season — Very early; first to bloom in 1913 (July 14); 63 to 70 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Two spikes usually produced per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad, short, rigid leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. ‘‘ First size cormels are good for sale in a year ”’ (Vos). PINK LADY Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth mauve-rose (153-1) with a slight shading of mauve-rose (153-IV) in the lower segment. Compact, of excellent substance. A good pink. Two to four blooms open at one time. Season — Medium late; 113 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. ’ PINK PERFECTION Originator — Hopman Group — Stock from Hopman Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers Perianth rosy pink (118-11) with an amber- white (12-1) throat lined with carmine-purple (156-11). A rather loose bloom of medium good substance. Ten blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with rather narrow leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, few. PIONEER Originator — Souchet. Intro. 1907 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Synonym — Spelled Pionier by the introducer. Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers pinkish lilac. Perianth deep rose-pink (120-1), throat lemon-yellow speckled and penciled with French purple (161-1v). Good clear color, showy and bright. Wide-open, compact bloom:of excellent substance. GLADIOLUS StTuDIEs — III 407 Season — Early to mid-season; 74 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. PLEIADE Originator — Lemoine. Intro. 1go1 Group — Precoces Stock from Lemoine Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish white; anthers reddish violet. Perianth scarlet (85-111) with large lemon-yellow throat marked with French purple (161-1v), a lined blotch. A compact bloom of good substance. A good scarlet. Four blooms open at once. Season — Early; 66 days. Spike — Short (60 cm.), very erect, a fair number of blooms (15), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, few. POCAHONTAS Originator — Hoeg. Reg. A. G. S., IQI5 Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments creamy white; anthers violet. Perianth amaranth red (168-Iv) with a lemon-yellow throat, blotched with plum-violet (172-1v). Color excellent, deep, attractive. Compact bloom of excellent substance. Season — Mid-season to late, early September; 121 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11), usually not branched. Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. PORTLAND Originator — Childs. Intro. 1902. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsti Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth near carmine lake (121-11), throat amber-white (12-1) mottled and dotted with currant red (115-Iv). Compact bloom of good substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 88 to go days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. PRECOCITE Originator — Lemoine, 1901 Group — Precoces Stock from Lemoine Bloom — Small (6cm.). Tube much curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper hooded and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen 408 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 filaments reddish; anthers reddish gray. Perianth scarlet (85-Iv), throat pure lemon-yellow (21-1) spotted and marked with scarlet (85-111). Loose bloom, poor substance, not especially attractive except for earliness. Season — Extremely early; 44 days. : Spike — Dwarf (55 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, dwarf, compact. Growth — Medium poor; plant poorly furnished with narrow, short, inconspicuous leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. PRECURSEUR Originator — Krelage Group — Lemoinei Stock from Krelage Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender-pink. Perianth flesh color (139-111) blotched with purple-garnet (165-1v) bordered with deep lemon- yellow. A rather good color; bloom compact, of good substance, and well arranged on spike. Season — ‘‘ The chief merit of this variety is its remarkable earliness’ (Krelage). 67 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. PREMIERE Originator — Kunderd Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.).. Tube curved, short, stout. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers pale lilac. Perianth creamy white (10-1) blotched with amaranth red (168-1v) with a slight feathering of Tyrian rose. This variety resembles Renown in color and shape of bloom, but the blotch of the latter is smaller. Buds rather yellowish. Bloom compact, of good substance. Eight blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 73 to 75 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, often curved, a fair number of blooms (12-17), not branched. Bracts bronze. Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather compact. Growth — Exceptional; plant very well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. PRESCOTT Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IQI4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tbe nearly straight, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-1), throat with a large blotch of Tyrian rose (155). Color not clear, rather washy. Season — Mid-season; 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (78 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GriapioLus Stupizs — III 400 PRESIDENT TAFT” Originator —Stewart. Intro. rgto. : Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrow. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-111), throat yellow-green blotched with carmine, medial lines lighter. Dainty pink, well open. Season — Mid-season; 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (93 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, 8, 7, and 3, on branches). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. PRIDE Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with the edges reflexed, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth carmine-red (113-IV) with a very large area of yellow-green (17-1) in the lower segments. A striking contrast in color. Interesting and odd. Excellent substance. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, 12 and 7 on branches). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. PRIDE OF GOSHEN Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A. G. S., 1QI4 Group — Ruffled Stock from Kunderd Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth light reddish salmon (73-1) blotched with ox blood red (94-11). Compact bloom of excellent substance. Season — Medium late; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. PRIMULINUS HYBRID (1/2 Ruffled) Originator — Group — Ruffled primulinus Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, decidedly hooded, and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth salmon- pink (74-1v), yellowish green throat with solferino red (151-IV) lines. Almost the identical markings of G. primulinus. A real salmon color, very attractive. Season — Mid-season, mid-August; 92 days. Spike — Very tall (114 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20), six branches. Four spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Exceptionally vigorous; plant well furnished with leaves six centimeters wide. Corms — Very large; cormels, very prolific. _ “Vilmorin catalogs a gandavensis variety by this name, originated by Brunelet and introduced in IQIt, 410 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 PRINCE GEORGE Originator — White | Group — : Stock from White Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges, the lower straight and broader. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1) with white blotches almost completely covered with dots and intermixtures of currant red (115-IV). Colors clear and attractive, bloom compact. Season — Mid-season; 76 to 80 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), inclined to be drooping, a fair number of blooms (18 on main, g ona branch). Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit -— Not very erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Not vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, small, few. PRINCE HENRY OF YORK Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1901 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Synonym — King of Scarlets. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal, the lower reflexed. One of the lower segments very small. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth bright fiery red (79-111), area of crimson-carmine (159-IV) on lower segment. Good, clear color. Excellent substance. Season — Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few, large. PRINCE OF INDIA Originator — Childs. Intro. 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrow, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments salmony; anthers salmon-pink. Perianth madder carmine (141-11) feathered and splashed with violet-lilac (175-1v), blotched with carmine-purple (156-Iv). A rather loose bloom of good substance. Color not clear. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, medium prolific. PRINCEPINE Originator — Kirchhoff. Intro. 1910 Group — Princeps hybrid Stock from Kirchhoff Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments vermilion; anthers violet. Perianth vermilion-red (87-1v), throat cream-yellow blotched with geranium red (111-1v). Bright in appearance. Three blooms open at one time. ‘‘ Good keeper and long dis- tance shipper.” Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, spreading. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few, medium size. GuaDIOLus StupiEs — III AII PRINCEPS Originator — Van Fleet. Bloomed 1897. Intro. by Vaughan, 1903 Group — Cruentus X Childsii Stock from Vaughan; Teas Bloom — Large (12-16 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and often broader. Stamen filaments scarlet; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1v) with yellow- green medial lines and throat, throat penciled and dotted a deep shade of scarlet. Good clear color; bloom well open and flat; usually only two blooms are out at one time; excellent substance. Called the amary!lis-flowered gladiolus. Season — Late; 111 days. Spike — Medium tall (83 cm.), erect, often crooked, a fair number of blooms (16 on main, 7 on a secondary). Habit — Often drooping, medium tall, very spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with rather narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, large, prolific. DIAGRAM SHOWING THE PARENTAGE OF PRINCEPS G. oppositiflorus hybrids X G. psittacinus {a — = G. Saundersit x G. gandavensts a ee eee G. cruentus x G. Childsit (Mrs. Beecher) ae ee 8 Fe eee Ese Princeps PRINCESS OF ORANGE Originator — Kunderd Group — Stock from Brown (Described from cut spike.) Synonym — Formerly Kunderd’s Orange. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, reddish tips; anthers dark violet. Perianth russet-orange (82-IV, really brighter than color given in color chart), throat lemon- yellow, rounded with a pointed dart foreward and bordered with a carmine-like coloration. A good bright-colored variety. Good substance, ships well. Season — Mid-season. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. PRINCESS SANDERSONI. See Snowbank. PRINZESSIN VIKTORIA LUISE Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1910 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-violet. Perianth light carthamin red (88-1) with a lemon-yellow spot in throat edged by crimson-purple shading. Often feathered in outer edges of segments; slightly ruffled. A well-arranged spike of bloom. Twelve blooms open at one time. A compact bloom of extraordinary substance. Season — Medium late; 111 days. Spike — Very tall (120 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (21), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. A412 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 PHOTOGRAPH LENT BY VAUGHAN’S SEED STORE Fic. 63. PRINCEPS GLaADIOLUs Stupbies — III 413 PROFESSOR FLEISCHER Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1909-1911 Group — Lemoinei Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper decidedly hooded, causing it to separate from the others, the lower segment reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white with red tips: anthers lavender. Perianth tomato red (81-111) blotched with blood red (93-1V) with fine lines of yellow-green through the blotch, base of throat whitish. Shape extraordinary, good color. Season — Mid-season to late; 95 days. Spike — Short (63 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, few. PROMETHEUS } Originator — Krelage ° Group — Stock from Krelage Bloom — Very large (13.5 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish white; anthers white mottled with lavender. Perianth poppy color (84-111); throat amber-white (12-1) penciled thickly so-as to form a blotch of French purple (161-1v), the color becomes lighter at the base of the throat; the segments usually strongly feathered with poppy. Bloom well open, of good substance. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Early; 67 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, slender, graceful, a fair number of blooms (11), usually not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. PURITY (Stewart). See Meadowvale. QUEEN ESTHER Originator — Mellinger Group — Stock from Mellinger Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broader than the lower, which is also reflexed. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth Tyrian rose (155-I-11, the two shades are intermixed) blotched with deep Tyrian rose (155-1v). Bloom very compact, well shaped. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), ae a fair number of blooms (16 on main, Io and 7 on sec- ondaries). Three spikes frequently developed per corm. Spike is often weak at the tip. Haitnt — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium bibed leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. QUEENLY Originator — Groff Group — Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers lavender. Perianth creamy white with blotches of solferino red (157-1v) bordered by yellow-green. Featherings of solferino red often develop. Bloom circular in outline, and of good shape, color, and sub- stance; seems a commercial color. Season — Medium early; 72 to 75 days. 414 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Spike — Medium tall (77 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), usually two branches. Often two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves.- Corms — Large; cormels, small, prolific. QUEEN OF SHEBA Originator — May ' Group — Stock from May Bloom — Large (13 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. » Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-violet. Perianth vermilion-red (87-1) with penciled blotch of geranium lake (89-Iv) on an amber-white (12-1) throat, segments often feathered. Bloom well open, of good shape, attractive color, and excellent substance. Season — Mid-season; 83 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with broad.leaves. Corms — Large, red; cormels, prolific. RADIANCE Originator — Miller Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments bluish; anthers violet. Perianth crushed strawberry (109-IVv), throat amber-white (12-1) dotted with crushed strawberry, segments frequently feathered. Nine blooms open at one time. Season — Late; 110 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. RAY Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight, though slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers lavender. Perianth carmine lake (121-11), the color becoming lighter toward the base of the segments; medial lines of upper segments white; the three lower segments blotched with carmine (112-1); within the carmine blotch and extending forward the medial lines are yellow-green. Segments rather thin, making them rather dainty though they do not lack substance. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, blooms freely (12), branched. Spikes rather weak when opened indoors. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, many. RED CANNA. See Mrs. W. E. Fryer. RED LION Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper vertical and broad, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments white with vermilion tips; anthers violet. Perianth GLADIOLUs StubIEs — III 415 fiery red (near 79-11) blotched with crimson-carmine (159-IV), a dash of yellow- green on the medial line runs into the blotch. Bloom rather laterally depressed; good colors. Season — Medium early; 78 to 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (86 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (22 on main, 12 and 4 on branches). Two spikes often per corm. Hatit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. RED, WHITE CENTER Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth cochineal red (83-11), color becom- ing lighter in the throat, the lower segments with a large area of lemon-yellow (21-1) finely and sparsely dotted with crimson-carmine. Good substance. Season — Mid-season; 85 to go days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (24 on main, Io and g on branches). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few, small. REINE BLANCHE. See Reine de l’Anjou. REINE DE L’ANJOU# Originator — Group — Gandavensis Stock from Ketcham; Velthuys (White Excelsior) Synonyms — Reine Blanche; Le Radium; Jeanne d’Arc; White Excelsior; Schnee- wittschen. Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth pure white except deep in throat, where there is an area of Tyrian rose. A good white. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 97 days. Spike — Tall (112 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (21 on main, 13 and II on branches). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with excellent broad foliage. Corms — Large; cormels, few or none. RENOWN Originatcr — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments lavender; anthers thin, a delicate violet. Perianth amber-white (12-11) often with slight Tyrian rose (155) markings (not found in spikes that have been opened indoors), lined blotch of Tyrian rose (155-111). The color though not clear, is good; the blotch is well defined; good substance. Three blooms open at one time. Season — Medium early; 75 to 80 days. ; Spike — Tall (109-em:), erect, a largé number of blooms (21 on main, 12, 8, and 10 on branches). . Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. _ 8 Lemoine catalogs a nanceianus variety of the name of Reine d'’Anjou, introduced in 1906, which 4s carmuine. 416 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad stiff leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. REUBEN H. WARDER. See America. REXFORD Originator — Crawford Group — Stock from Mallory & Brown; Craw- ford Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers deep lilac. Perianth rose-pink (118) thickly feathered with carmine (116-1v), white medial lines extend to the tips of the segments, throat amber-white (12-1) with Tyrian rose penciling and intermixtures. Season — Mlid-season; 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (68 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Habit — Erect, medium tall, very spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium to narrow foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, large, prolific. RICHARD MILNER Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1900 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size. Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and not broad, the lower reflexed and narrower, the lower inferior segment small, narrow. Stamen filaments lilacy white; styles yellowish. « Perianth white thickly splashed and feathered with crimson-carmine, yellow throat penciled with reddish along the medial lines. Season — August 30, 1911. Spike — Short, erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with narrow leaves promi- nently veined. (Described by George J. Burt.) RICHARD STRAUSS Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group —- Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white, blue sutures. Perianth pure white with an amber-white (12-11) throat penciled with lilac (176-1). Good light color; blooms sometimes double, compact, and of good substance. Seven blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. RICHMOND RED. See Velvet King. ROCHESTER WHITE Originator —- Thomann Group — Gandavensis Stock from Thomann Synonym — White Queen. By many this variety is said to be a synonym of Weisse _ Dame, or White Lady. GLapIoLus Stupies — III 417 Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pure white; anthers creamy white. Perianth pure white with a slight tinge of lemon-yellow on the three lower segments. This description also applies to Weisse Dame. Bloom compact, of good substance. As grown by Thomann it is unsurpassed by any other white, but it seems rather difficult for others to grow. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. Seems a little earlier than Weisse Dame. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — More vigorous than Weisse Dame; plant well furnished with broad bright green foliage. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few, small. ROMANCE Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments cream-white; anthers cream, sutures lavender. Perianth yellowish white (13-Iv) with deep Tyrian rose (155-Iv) markings to form a blotch surrounded by yellow-green. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Tall (112 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (19). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few or none. ROSEANN Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S., IQI4 Group — Childsii _ ; Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (85-1), throat lemon- yellow penciled and blotched with blood red (93-1v). A clear color. Season — Mid-season; 104 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. ROSEDALE Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1896. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, often somewhat twisted, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; anthers red-violet. Perianth deep lilac-rose (151), striped blotch of blood red (93-Iv) on amber-white (12-1) throat. Segments rather pointed in appearance. Season — Mid-season to late; 107 days. Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Habit — Rather drooping, tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large: cormels, few or none. 418 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 ROSELLA Originator — Cowee, 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Lemoinei (Gage); nanceianus (Woodruff) Stock from Cowee Synonym — Kathryn. Bloom —Very large (13 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth carmine-purple (156-11), large blotch of French purple (161-111) on a yellow-green throat. Color clear, bloom well open, compact. An excellent variety. The color might be described as a bright, deep rose. Mrs. Francis King, speaking of the use of this variety in the garden, says: “Rosella above Ageratum Stella Gurney cannot fail to be a success in color paintings; Rosella below Salvia Azurea, with the annual pink mallow near by; and last, Rosella with Baron Hulot, that small-flowered but ever-needed Gladiolus of the color known as Bishop’s violet. I am myself minded to grow Baron Hulot in the midst of Ageratum Stella Gurney — precisely as one lets a colony of Tulips appear above Forget-me-not; and Baron Hulot would be also most perfect among the fine, creamy flowers of Chrysanthemum Garza.”’ é Season — Mid-season; 86 days. Spike — Medium tall (82 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, prolific. ROSE QUEEN * Originator — Christy. Intro. 1903 Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink tipped; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-1), throat lemon-yellow, segments thickly feathered and splashed with cardinal-red (112-11). Good open appearance, color mottled, lower segments often folded laterally, substance not extra. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 95 days. Spike — Medium tall (97 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, large, few. ROSE RED Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten . Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers white. Perianth nearly carmine lake (121-11) blotched with crimson-carmine. Bloom wide open, nearly round, well arranged. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 to 100 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, large, prolific. ROSE SALMON EXTRA Originator — Auten Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Auten Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium iong. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed 82 Franken Brothers catalog a variety by this name. GLADIOLUS STubIEs — III 419 and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth salmony poppy red (more salmony than 84-1), large blotch of carmine lake (121-1v), which is rather inconspicuous, making the bloom almost a self color. Color good, bright; substance good. Few blooms open at one time. Season — Usually early September; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), very erect, a fair number of blooms (12), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. ROSE WELLS Originator — Austin. Reg. A. G. S., Igi4 Group — Stock from Austin Synonym — Austin No. 55. Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments white, pinkish tips; anthers gray. Perianth light mauve-rose (153-1) with a blotch of Tyrian rose (155—-Iv shading to 155-11) bordered by deep yellow- green. Bloom is large, substance rather poor, colors clear and attractive. Season — Early September; 103 days. Spike — Tall (111 cm.), erect, blooms freely (17 on main, with 5 and 6 on two secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. ROSY SPRAY Originator —Chiids. Intro. 1g1o. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii , Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments white, red flecked; anthers purple. Perianth lilacy white feathered and mottled with crimson-carmine, the lower segments striped with a broad penciling of crimson-carmine. The segments are reflexed so as to appear pointed. The splashing in the segments is so pronounced that the bloom should be called variegated. Season — Late; 115 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. ROUGE TORCH Originator — Groff. Intro. Tracy, I9I4 Group — Stock from Brown Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers cream. Perianth amber-white (12-1) thickly suffused with salmon-carmine (125-1) blotched with deep carmine-red (114-IV). A compact bloom of good color and substance, well arranged on spike. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Small; cormels, prolific. 420 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 ROYALE Originator — Tracy Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Tracy ; Bloom — Medium size (7-8 cm.). Tube curved, slender; short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth violet-rose (154-IV), blotched with Tyrian rose (deeper than 155-Iv). Compact bloom of good sub- stance. Season — Medium early; 75 days. Spike — Medium tall (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), two branches. Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ROYALTY* Originator — Christy. Seedling of 1907 Group — Stock from Christy Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers violet. Perianth French purple (near 161-1), throat lemon-yellow bordered by lilac-purple (160-1v), medial lines whitish. Wide- open bloom with rounded segments, good substance. Season — Mid-season to late: 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. RUFFLED BIG FACE Originator — Kunderd Group — Ruffled Stock from Kunderd Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pink; anthers lilac, sutures violet. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) but so thickly splashed and veined with Tyrian rose (155-111) that the color appears different, throat stippled and marbled with Tyrian rose (155-1v), medial lines deep Tyrian rose, an intermixture of yellow in the throat. An attractive sort, compact, excellent substance, ruffled. Season — Medium late; 110 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20), branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. RUFFLED SALMON Originator — Kunderd Group — Ruffled Stock from Kunderd Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers with violet sutures. Perianth Lincoln red (near 88-1) blotched with cardinal-red (112-111). Compact bloom of excellent substance, good shape, wide open, ruffled. a: Season — Mid-season to late; 104 days. Spike — Medium short (65 cm.), erect, a fair number of hlooms (8-9). Habit — Erect, rather dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad foliage. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. &% Kelway introduced a variety by this name in I9QII. GiapioLus StupiEes — III 421 Fic. 64. RUFFLED SALMON 422 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II RUFFLED YELLOW Originator — Ikunderd Group — Ruffled Stock from Kunderd Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, conni- Fic. 65. RUFFLED YELLOW vent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish white; anthers white, sutures blue. Perianth cream-yellow (30-11), throat splashed with Tyr- ian rose (155-Iv). Com- pact bloom of good sub- stance. Excellently arranged spike. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 103 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18). Talit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad Jeaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few, large. RUTH Originator — Stewart. Intro. 1912 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube very curved, medium slender, rather short. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower also re- flexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth bright rose (128-1v), which in the throat blends into Tyrian rose (155-1), set- ting off a yellow-green throat dashed with deep Tyrian rose. Dainty color, good substance. Season — Mid-season to late; 103, days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15 on main, 7 and 8 on secondaries). Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, rather compact. Growth —Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. GiapioLus Stupies — III 423 RUTHONY LONGSIDE Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1910 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth carmine-red (113-IV), throat lemon-yellow marked deep carmine-red (113 deeper than Iv). Very good bloom of velvety texture. Season — Not so early as the term July Flowering would imply; 100 days. Spike — Tall (113 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14). Halit — Erect, tall, very spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms —Medium size; cormels, few. SAFRANO Originator— Souchet. Intro. 1899 Group—Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 em.). Tube curved, medium slender, me- dium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower re- flexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers cream with violet sutures. Perianth near Naples yellow (29-111), called by Childs Nankeen yellow, with very pale violet-old-rose (145- wi?) markings in the throat. A trifle ruffled, dainty shape. Segments thick but brittle. Season — Mid-season, mid- August to late August; go to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (89 em.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Fic. 66. SAFRANO Habit — Erect, medium tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant very well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few but large. ST. LOUIS Originator —Childs. Reg. A.G.5., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. _Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed 424 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN It and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers yellow. Perianth scarlet (87-1v), — the inner segments more rosy than 87-Iv, medial lines and throat a lighter shade. Outer segments slightly ruffled and rather pointed. Spike not very well arranged. Season — Medium late; 108 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12). Halit — Erect, medium tall, rather compact. Growth — Vigorous: plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SALEM Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1912. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, reddish tinge; anthers violet. Perianth madder lake (122-1) blotched with carmine-red (133-111). Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms ( II). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad foliage, silver-green in color. Corms — Large; cormels, small. SALMON Originator — Childs. Cataloged 1912. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth rosy pink (118-1v but more yellowish), the throat striped with deep crimson-carmine (159-IV) on a white background. A good color. Childs calls the color salmon-pink. Season — Rather late; 110 days. Spike — Medium tall (92 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (10). Habit — Erect, medium-tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SALMONIA # Originator —Childs. Intro. 1904. Reg. A. G. S., 1974 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Small (7 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments yellowish; anthers violet. Perianth salmon-pink (74-1), lower inner segments pure aureoline yellow (22-1) with crimson-carmine medial lines, upper segments with yellowish green medial lines. A distinct color. Season — Mid-season to late; 105 days. Spike — Medium tall (88 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous: plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. | Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SALMON QUEEN (Woodruff). See Baltimore. 3% Another Salmonia was introduced in 1864 by McTear. | ‘ GLADIOLUS StupIEs — III 425 SALMON RED NO. 16 Originator — Banning. Intro. Per- kins-King Company Group — Stock from Perkins-King Company Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers violet. Perianth carthamin red (88-11) thickly feathered deeper, lemon-yellow throat speckled and penciled with carthamin red (88-1v). A rather loose bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. Spike — Tall (111 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (22), often two branches. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather compact. Growth — Not vigorous; medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. SANDERSONI. See Snowbank. SANGUINE Originator — Cataloged 1912 Group — Stock from Tracy Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-violet. Perianth poppy color (84-1v) with a stippled throat of crimson-red (114-1v) dots on amber-white (12-1). Good color, attractive throat. A compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 80 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (18), two branches. Two spikes per corm. Hatit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. SANS PAREIL*® Originator — Vilmorin. Intro. 1902 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white with lavender sutures. Perianth scarlet (87-11) becoming lighter toward the center, throat and medial lines amber-white. A compact bloom of good substance. Childs describes the color thus: ‘‘ Very bright orange-rose, slightly striped vermilion with a large white spot.” Season — 80 days. . Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — The great susceptibility to disease almost limits its culture. Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SARA. See Jean Dieulafoy. SARATOGA Originator —C hilds. Intro. 1898. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs 4 Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight % Krelage, 1905, catalogs an early, dwarf variety of this name. 426 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 and narrower. Stamen filaments white, scarlety tips; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (87-11, considerable more orange than real scarlet), an amber-white throat marked with deeper scarlet. A rather poor-shaped bloom. Season — Mid-season to late. Spike — Tall (106 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SCARLET LETTER Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.).. Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper reflexed laterally and broad, the lower reflexed and broader. Stamen filaments scarlet; anthers violet. Perianth darkest scarlet (87-1v) with a large blotch of dark plum-violet (172-1v). Segments somewhat feathered with slatish scarlet. An excellent color. Five blooms open at once. Season — Mid-August to late August; 95 to 97 days. Spike — Tall (119 cm.), erect, but often needs support, blooms freely (21 on main, 10 and II on secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. SCARLET VELVET Originator — Groff Group — Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Large (12 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers red-violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1vV), throat amber-white (12-1) blotched with blood red (g2-Iv). A good color. Well open. Five blooms open at one time. Season — 90 to 100 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SCARSDALE Originator — Cowee. Intro. 1903. Reg. A. G. S., 1914, Cowee Group — Stock from Cowee Synonym — Cedar Acres Mauve. Bloom — Very large (13 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper reflexed and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments white with pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth a little lighter than rosy magenta (169-1), splashed throughout the segments with deeper rosy magenta, the throat penciled with the same color. Bloom large and showy, but under certain conditions the splashings make the bloom very mixed in color. The color is not very popular with some persons. Season — Mid-season; 80 days. Spike — Very tall (135 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Very erect, but falls over badly when not staked, it being one ef the few varieties on the trial grounds that absolutely need staking. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad foliage. Corms — Large size; cormels, medium large size. SCHNEEWITTSCHEN. See Reine de 1’Anjou. GLADIOLUS StupiEs — III 427 SCHWABEN Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1913 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short, Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments amber-white; anthers amber, violet sutures. Perianth amber-yellow (28-1) blotched in the throat with amaranth red (168-111) and shaded with lemon- yellow. A compact bloom of excellent substance. Six to eight blooms open at one time. Spike a little too thickly set with blooms Season — Mid-season; 87 days. Spike — Medium tall (95 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (20-22), branched. Habit — Erect, medium height, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with rather broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. SCRIBE Originator — Childs. Intro. 1906 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (11-13 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers white. Perianth lilac-rose (lighter than 152-1), throat with light solferino fine lines and intermixed area making a blotch. Segments often lightly feathered with carmine. A dainty color. A good shape. Nine blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 100 days. Spike — Tall (113 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (21 on main, 7 on secondary). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. SEPTEMBER Originator — White Group — Stock from White Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and narrower than the lower reflexed segment. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth violet-rose (154-1) with a crimson-carmine (159-i) stippled throat blotch and a dash of lemon-yellow at the medial line of the blotch. White calls it ‘‘ Cattleya orchid color,—no better gladiolus on earth for commercial use.’? Compact bloom of good substance. Season — Early September; 110 to 115 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13), not branched. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Hatt — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow grass-like foliage. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. SHAKESPEARE (Cowee) Originator — Souchet. Cataloged 1877, Vilmorin Group — Gandavensis Stock from Cowee Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers lavender. Perianth lilacy white with crimson-carmine dash in the throat. Bloom a good light color, a standard commercial variety. Differs from Michell’s Shakespeare in that the latter is more angular, gandavensis-like, and the edges of the segments are regularly suffused and splashed, besides more blooms open at once. Season — Mid-season; 87 to 89 days. 428 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN I1 ~ Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), not branched. Habit — Erect, medium to dwarf, spreading. Growth — Good; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. SHAKESPEARE (Michell and others) Originator — Souchet. Cataloged 1877, Vilmorin Group — Gandavensis Stock from Crawford; Michell Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments white with red tips; anthers violet. Perianth white suffused and feathered with carmine-purple (156-1), with a large crimson-carmine (159-1V) blotch. Nine blooms open at one time. The bracts surrounding the bloom are often very long. There are several Shakespeares, but, so far as those observed, they would all fit the description given, the main differences being in the shape and the degree of the feathering of the petals. Season — Medium early; 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SHIRLY Originator — Stewart. Intro. 1910 Group — Stock from Stewart Bloom — Small (6.5-7 cm.). Tube straight, very stout, very short. Segments nearly equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower straight and broad. Stamen filaments white; anthers faintest lilac. Perianth pale rosy pink (129-11) slightly feathered with deeper pink. Large French purple (161-1v) blotch on lower segments surrounded by lemon-yellow (21-11), a faint greenish white medial line on each segment. Striking bloom. Good substance. Season — Mid-season: 85 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), rather erect but often curved, a fair number of blooms (15 on main, and 11 and 7 on secondaries). Habit — Erect, medium tall, rather spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium broad leaves. ~ Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. SIDNEY GRANT (Ruff). See Velvet King. SIEGER Originator — Group — Stock from Velthuys Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, con- nivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (84) with a lemon-yellow throat penciled with Tyrian rose. A bloom of excellent color, leathery substance, well open, and compact: Season — Mid-season; about 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14), not branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size, prolific; cormels, few. ee. ee GLADIOLUS StTupIEs — III 429 SILVER STATE Originator — Wilmore Group — Stock from Wilmore Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers violet. Perianth deep cerise (123-11) with a white throat marked with French purple (161-111). A rather loose bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 97 days. Spike — Short (30 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms, usually not branched. — Habit — Erect, dwarf, compact. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow foliage. Corms — Medium small; cormels, prolific. SIR H. D. WOLFF Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1898 : Group — Kelwavi Stock from Kelway Bloom — Medium size. Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrow. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers white. Perianth cardinal-red, white medial lines, lower part of small segments white with red penciling and striping. Season — August 9, I9II. Spike — Medium tall, erect, a large number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves prominently veined. (Described by George J. Burt.) SIR JOHN CRAGLE Originator — Kelway. Intro. 1909 Group — Kelwayi Stock from Kelway Synonym — John Churchill Cragle. Bloom — Large (10-11 cm.). Tube nearly straight, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers violet. Perianth scarlet (87-1) with pure amber-white throat, no markings. wD tl eel GiapDIoLus Stupies — III 439 Season — September I, IgII. Spike — Medium tall, crooked, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium dwarf, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with narrow leaves. (Described by George J. Burt.) UMPLEBY NO. 5.. See Maize. UMPLEBY NO. 65, Originator — Umpleby Group — Stock from Umpleby Bloom — Medium size (7.5 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower teflexed and also broad. Stamen filaments lav ender; anthers lavender, sutures violet. Perianth magenta (182-1v) blotched a very deep reddish violet (180-Iv) on a lemon-yellow throat. The lower inner segment very small and narrow. Season — Mid-season to late; 99 days. Spike — Tall (108 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (14 on main, 8 and 6 on secondaries). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, prolific. UMPLEBY NO. 385. See Mrs. A. C. Beal. VELVET KING Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Crawford (William Ma- son); Mallory & Brown (William Mason); Babcock (William Mason); Vaughan (Velvet King) Synonyms — Coblentz No. 312; Emma (Coblentz); Grenadier (Huntington); Sidney Grant (Ruff); William Mason (Crawford); Richmond Red (suggested by Teas). Bloom — Large (9-10 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. ~Seg- ments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments red; anthers violet. Perianth cochineal red (83-111), throat marked with crimson-red, the outer edges penciled with drab. Very attractive velvety appearance. Compact bloom of good substance. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a large- number of blooms (19), branched. Two or more spikes per corm. Halit — Tall, erect, spreading. ; Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. The name given to this variety is chosen because it is the first one used which has not been applied to another variety previously. VICTORY Originator — Christy, “probably 1903”; Cowee, 1909. Both claim the honor. Reg. A. G. S.,"1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Christy; Cowee Bloom — Medium size (9.5 cm.). Tube almost straight, stout, medium long. Seg- ments unequal, connivent: the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers white, sutures violet. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-1) splashed with old rose (144-111) in throat. A clear yellow; well arranged. Six blooms open at one time. Burt notes that the spike opens up well in water. Season — Mid-season; 89 to 93 days. 440 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II Fic. 68. UMPLEBY NO. 65 GrapioLus Stupies — III 441 Spike — Tall (102 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Two spikes per corm. Halnt — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, fairly prolific. VIKING Originator — Krelage Group — Stock from Krelage Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, reddish tips; anthers red-violet. Perianth French purple (161-1), throat lemon-yellow stippled and penciled with French purple (161-1v). As the bloom ages, a lilacy tinge develops over the throat and edges of the seg- ments, at the same time the segments have a tendency to roll. . Season — Early; 71 days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. VIPER Originator — Kelway. . Intro. 1906 Group — July Flowering Stock from Kelway Bloom — Large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white deepening to dark red; anthers reddish violet. Perianth blood red (93) penciled with deeper ox blood red on a yellowish throat. Very deep color; an extremely well-open, flat bloom. Season — Mid-season; 80 to 84 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), slender, erect, a fair number of blooms (13). Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow foliage. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. VISTA (Austin) Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube straight, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and usually broader. Stamen filaments white; anthers lavender. Perianth white tinted with lavender and blotched with heliotrope (188-11). The bud has a ruffled appearance. Season — Mid-season; 98 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad, drooping leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. VISTA (Burchett) Originator — Burchett Group — Stock from Burchett Bloom — Large (10.5 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower slightly reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers lavender; stigmas red. Perianth vermilion-red (87-11) blotched with canary-yellow on lower segments, throat finely speckled. Bloom somewhat angular; segments slightly ruffled. Season — Mid-season; 96 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Often two spikes per corm. 442 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves, which often have a tendency to droop. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. neu DS ee Originator — Auten Group — Stock from Auten Bloom — Medium to large (11 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper and broader segment with the edges reflexed, the lower straight. Stamen filaments light lilac; anthers lilac, sutures dark blue. Perianth coral-red (near 76-1v) with large carmine-red blotches on a yellow- green throat. Attractive color; bloom well open; excellent, decorative variety. Season — Early to mid-season; 80 days. Spike — Medium tall (90 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, I0 on a branch). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. . Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, small, few. WACHUSETTS Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A.G.S., . Igi4 ; Group — Stock from Chamberlain & Gage Bloom — Medium size (8.5 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers red-violet. Perianth near salmon (lighter than 72-1), edges of segments deeper, a penciled blotch of deep French purple (161-1v) on the lower lip. Excellent color; compact bloom of excellent substance, velvety texture, and good form. Six blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 88 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Two spikes frequently borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. WANDA Originator — Coblentz Group — Stock from Coblentz Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.).- Tube straight, very stout, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and often broader. Stamen filaments pinkish white; anthers blue-violet. Perianth Tyrian rose (155-1) gradually merging to violet-rose toward the throat, medial lines amber-white, large blotch of deep Tyrian rose (155-1V) on a canary-yellow throat. Striking. Season — Mid-season; 88 to 95 days. Spike — Very tall (132 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17 on main, 8 ona branch). Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Very vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. WAUKESHA Originator — Childs. Cataloged, 1896. Reg. A. G. S., 1914 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, red tips; anthers violet. Perianth vermilion-red (87-1) GiapioLtus Stupies — III 443 with a lemon-yellow throat penciled and dotted with French purple (161-1v), each of the inner segments often blotched. A rather loose bloom of medium good substance, well open. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season to late; 102 days. Spike — Tall (115 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (13), usually not branched. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant medium well furnished with medium narrow leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, few. WEISSE DAME. See White Lady and Rochester White. WHITE AND GOLD Originator — Group — Lemoine: Stock from Wright Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream-white; anthers white, suture lines lavender. Perianth white, often slightly rose tinted, throat lemon-yellow blotched with deep purple- garnet (165-Iv). Compact bloom of good substance. A good variety, but does _ not compare with La Luna of which type it is. Season — Early to medium early; 76 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. WHITE CREPE Originator — Austin Group — Stock from Austin Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and broad. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers white, sutures lavender. Perianth lilacy white (7-1) splashed with rosy magenta (169-1) in outer and lower segments, a deep medial line on lower segments shades lighter on each side to form a blotch. Good substance, segments crinkled like crepe cloth. Three blooms open at one time. Season — Early; 70 days. Spike — Tall (105 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16-18), two branches. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. WHITE EXCELSIOR. See Reine de 1’Anjou. WHITE KING Originator — Kunderd. Reg. A.G.S., IQI4 Group — Ruffled Stock from Kunderd Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers lavender, sutures violet. Perianth amber-white (12-11) blotched with Tyrian rose. This is undoubtedly a seedling of Glory, which it closely resembles in form and color of blotch, but the color is lighter than that of Glory and the blotch is bordered by deeper yellow- green. Excellent form. Five blooms open at one time. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (21), two branches. Two -spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with very broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, prolific. f 444 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 WHITE LADY Originator —Haage & Schmidt. Intro. 1897 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Haage & Schmidt; Haentze. & Company Synonyms — Weisse Dame. By many said to be a synonym of Rochester White, also of White Queen. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, medium slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers creamy white. Perianth pure white, with a slight lemon-yellow tinge in lower segments. See Rochester White for comparison with this variety. Under certain conditions a feathering of carmine develops in the segments. Season — Mid-season, later than Rochester White; 95 to roo days. Spike — Medium tall (75 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Not vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad bright green leaves. Corms — Medium iarge; cormels, few, small. WHITE QUEEN. See Rochester White and White Lady. WILD ROSE Originator — Childs. Reg. A. G. S&S, IQI4 Group — Childsii Stock from Childs > Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers violet. Perianth bright rose (128-1v) penciled ‘ with Tyrian rose (155) in the throat, segments slightly feathered and suffused with carmine. A good pink; bloom well open; flowers often somewhat bunched on the stem. Season — Rather late; 113 days. Spike — Medium tall (70 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11). ss Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. WILHELM STEINHAUSEN Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. before 1906 Group — Nanceianus Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium large (9-10 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments orange; anthers violet. Perianth poppy color (84-1) becoming lighter in the throat, blotched with carmine, segments feathered a slightly deeper poppy color. Rather loose bloom of medium substance, bright color, well open. Season — Rather early; 74 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (15), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Medium vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. WILLIAM MASON (Crawford). See Velvet King. WINIFRED Originator — Crawford Group — Stock from Crawford Bloom — Small size. Tube straight, slender, long. Segments equal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments GiapioLus StupiEs — III 445 light pink; styles whitish. Perianth poppy red (84) with a cream-white throat and white medial lines, throat often has a faint Tyrian rose (155) streak. Com- pact spike. Season — Spike — Medium tall, erect, free blooming. Habit — Erect, medium dwarf, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium narrow leaves. (Described by George J. Burt.) WINSOME Originator — Miller Group — Childsii Stock from Childs Bloom — Large (10 cm.). Tube nearly straight, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal with reflexed edges, the lower reflexed and nar- rower. Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers red-violet. Perianth lilacy white thickly suffused with violet-rose (154-1), with a large French purple blotch (161-1v). A well-open, round, compact bloom of good substance; color not so clear as it might be; edges of segments slightly ruffled. Season — Mid-season; 77 days. Spike — Tall (110 cm.), very erect, a fair number of blooms (16), two branches. Habit — Very erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium large; cormels, prolific. WOODRUFF NO. 2-701 Originator — Woodruff Group — Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium stout. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white, pink tips; anthers violet. Perianth lilacy white (7-1), often with a salmony tinge, feathered with lilac-rose, lines of deep lilac-rose on a yellow-green throat. As the bloom ages carmine develops. Season — Mid-season to late; 101 days. Spike — Medium tall (87 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (22 on main, 6 on a branch). Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. WOODRUFF NO. 111 : Originator — Woodruff Group — Stock from Woodruff Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments reddish; anthers cream. Perianth amber-white (12-1) often completely suffused with rose, attractively blotched with crimson-red (114-1v) bordered with deep amber-white (12-1v). A rather loose bloom of good substance. Four blooms open at one time. Season — Early; 78 days. Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. YELLOW BIRD Originator — Group — Stock from Wright Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube curved, stout, short. Segments unequal, cormivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. 446 CORNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN II Stamen filaments pinkish; anthers yellow. Perianth yellow (really amber-white 12-Iv) with a broad dash of Tyrian rose in the throat surrounded by lemon-yellow (21-1). Compact bloom of medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 85 days. . Spike — Medium tall (80 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (17), branched. Halit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ; YELLOW BRENCHLEYENSIS. See Hollandia. YELLOW JACKET. See Madam Butterfly. YELLOWSTONE Originator — Hoeg Group — Stock from Hoeg Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal. connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower, Stamen filaments yellow; anthers yellowish. Perianth lemon-yellow (21-11) blotched with amaranth red (168-1v)._ Resembles Lemon Drop, but has a larger, broader blotch than the latter, as well as yellow anthers instead of lavender. Yellowstone is thc larger bloom. Blotch well defined, excellent substance, well open. . Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Sptke — Medium tall (74 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (16), branched. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, prolific. ZEPHYR Originator — Krelage Group — Lemoinei hybrid Stock from Krelage Bloom — Medium size (8 cm.). Tube nearly straight, stout, short. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the Jower refiexed and narrower. Stamen filaments cream; anthers pink. Perianth reddish old rose (142-1), blotched with carmine (116-1) bordered with lemon-yellow. Attractive pink, excellent shape, compact, medium good substance. Season — Mid-season; 82 days. Spike — Medium tall (85 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (12), branched. Two spikes per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with medium broad leaves. Corms — Large; cormels, few. ' ZEPPELIN Originator — Pfitzer. Intro. 1914 Group — Gandavensis Stock from Pfitzer Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, medium long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments. —————_—_—_-; anthers, ——_—___—__—____—__—_ Penang white with a slight tinge of Tyrian rose (155-11) on lower segments. Excellent clear white; blooms face various directions; compact; good substance. Season — Mid-season; 90 days. Spike — Tall (100 cm.), erect, a large number of blooms (25), branched. Two spikes borne per corm. Habit — Erect, tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. GiabDioLus Stupies — III 447 ZINGARI Originator — Hoeg. Reg. A. G. S., cs I9I5 Group — y Stock from Hoeg Synonym — Formerly Hoeg No. 96. Bloom — Medium size (9 cm.). Tube curved, slender, long. Segments unequal, connivent; the upper horizontal and broad, the lower reflexed and narrower. Stamen filaments white; anthers lilac. Perianth Rose Neyron red (119-111), the edges of the segments light Rose Neyron red (119-1), blotched with carmine- purple (156-111) with a dash of lemon-yellow at the tip of the blotch. Compact bloom, good substance, an especially good pink. Season — Mid-season to late; 110 to 120 days. Spike — Medium short (60 cm.), erect, a fair number of blooms (11), not branched. Two spikes often borne per corm. Habit — Erect, medium tall, spreading. Growth — Vigorous; plant well furnished with broad leaves. Corms — Medium size; cormels, few. 448 CoRNELL EXTENSION BULLETIN 11 VARIETIES REGISTERED BY THE NOMENCLATURE COMMIT- TEE OF THE AMERICAN GLADIOLUS SOCIETY, BUT NOT DESCRIBED ON THE TRIAL GROUNDS VARIETY ORIGINATOR Registered 1973 Leghge Aen oPeea Ae Oh ae ee th eer a WO 3 Childs rr scene secede PMnelcia Rr. Weammew os Bhi Chis etre 0, es ome LE auilhG IS} Seep ent ae es INIinss EES WIG Seip tome. ae sess: eee ee Childs 3 icc: etree 1 Roan RS PET beeen ec hla PRA eae eee Ooh lia Spe Coan Rte ae Ned Owe nt Retr ee ke ae a one, Childs jicows eae leks DOULMAMIpPLOMse seems ee we sie se oe Childs 2e7 aa eens Registered 1914 VaW OD Tuatcaulel eek Week hu gee a a Ie, COWEE Jie eran ee Ne aN shal epee ee Rena TENE gin ce Be eae Childsn Aaeas eee Berksininey tres 2 tate teers area er wee a: (Cowee tn 5 ee oe Ber linia yeas shee ae eet as a ee ene Cowees ter nan eee Brilltanter, Say eo rat ee eae ete Childs sae. owen Burlineton e.g ste Mie ee Childs: = Arp tare Cardinal Ri Cam aes ene es ee ee eee cmd ends) aes ee Clierrye Kine sts % nae teres sot iunderd= = ae Sonia teeta ee acs. 2s ee ence ke bee Ses Childs tes peri) ea ee Grenmldessvin tes een eet ne ee Goweet Aten es eee DaCosta en Mees teeter Cowcen ase ne ok eee Deboralotpe ere eee tty ee eee a Childs Ss es csteny ees: MBSSEuVes tee de os oe ome Te arate ee CrOle Neen st ee eee Bonini O tiers Fs 5 Ss Sct Bees Ae Nee a ae eR eh ra IDAWVelaCetehSUNRer se fee Aes) gt ia aR AT ER MEd eel ChildSies 2. skiers oe ae 18a GAT GRA WEA reheat De Co ae Rae ee er tCR ra CE oii ke Sa ae el See DDC 13 16a: Maa nrg eee DNA ae i tarded ae be Pena on Ms nl nt sea 8 E Volition PemeChusti. ss =e GT OREM Ne te a eens Bxcelsat cher eye 2 ok A Cte eres Grolt yee. RQUSG. Sere PEs th foe eee ie oe Shee te eee Cowee7a.) oe aaa @iantkPinlsens =i. a ee cee oe eee Coweet.. 5 2 Ne Governor Hanleyo. 525 nse ee Keunderde an. mee Elarmonia: tc sete ote bt eek ee GChildsre ieee ee TmapenialtPinikeeee eee Foe een ae (Glave sows earns Tnaatprowed: Mig sss eas nee so then eto ets Kunderdiee aster linkers Gy ee ee a erst te ee a Cowes, mr eee VOT Yin oot cients Prince arden a aa ae ie ee Keanderd eae spe rne Keo lates Niycu ae Wir oe ee tree ce Childs iy 9 reaeae cee AVE Gta Seon ae eet eres eee IO} epee ns en Gs hy Wad Citle; Violet-s \ Asters eae eh meee Childs? stone OTT Onis A ek sity RP aE Ue re Grolier erie aise NTE Necah bao everett a eae ete Neate pea he ot Grotiyeee see tis ae Many Banenronticton Sons: toca eolne a ene cm Rui 6rdine Aas Mins Ae NH aeKiiG Gre ann rw emert: c e oar Kenic erd pane tents WirssiMVilel colmarMia chan 52 ee) usar ee oe Kind ence arse ae Morning Shar tess ie: a re Cia S ieee ee ee IN Tere Ve eects reece, soso ne Sp eames te Keisridlend ety eran me Normas Deen Childseaige: en apes Childs) 76a en reer Oddity imei ent cet Sener een Emme R Chil dSiosee eae eee OldtOxtordeaeanw Oe Une es Str a ee eee Childs is PapiiOvROses oy wk eee eee ee Grofhia sas aed, eee Pass porte st. ie. Gri tne Loe ee ae ee ee Grofit ta eee Peach blow ion eed oR ae i eee Grolipes eer see he | REeiy Ee lah aie ae eRe a gerald has 0) oer meee malted” Keunclend ieee Rittland (roms) see ee ook eee ae eee ey COwee ig. obs SIDOMOYSS au. .-ctehos ct ee ks ee Beer Child see ee ne REGISTERED BY Childs Kunderd Cowee Kunderd Childs Cowee Childs Cowee Cowee Chamberlain & Gage Kunderd Chamberlain & Gage Childs Cowee Chamberlain & Gage Cowee Childs j GiapioLtus Stupies — III 449 VARIETY ORIGINATOR REGISTERFD BY Registered 1914 2 SSE Sirs pile ae Se a Smee et ee Groh sete sce Cowee se ebeEtS **, 2 oe er eas ool tee ee Cine iP 5 Oe eee Cowee ROR! <2" Saree wena s SESE. fia = Childs Fe Ao Childs 7 £2 OL Ry RS Se oie aenah the eee C hileisee eres ce Childs ODE CUG LN PROS ee oe ge eri ee ee ee oe Childss ess: ona Childs “EET Leahey Se ee oe Se ge Childs "42.5... Childs TS ES oe a ie a a ee Grothe eee oe Cowee 25 a ak peo? 29 De seas (Gr Ghiee tae eo Se Cowee OTE Ree OM PSE Pe Game el = i Oe aR elec ee GOWeets ss ort S. Cowee Mimi sPaleowers : Childs Nac reg eer Dae Cowmecre tie... os Cowee "ES TORR at aa a Childs eis ge. 85 oe. 2 Childs MiaMEMIS! WAVOTILE 2275 0\e-< = 2 ooo hee Mamderd=. oes! 15: Kunderd LARGE-FLOWERED VARIETIES All these varieties are at least 11 centimeters in diameter. Adelina Gleam Adolphe Jaenicke Glory (Childs) Afterglow (Cowee) Glory (Kunderd) All-a-glow Glory of Holland America Governor McCormack Anton Buchner Grahame-White Arthur Toms Great Cardinal Austin No. 25 Grossitirstin Elisabeth Austin No. 30 Halley Austin No. 52 Hauft Austin No. 56 Helen Austin No. 57 Henri Lemoine Austin No. 58 Hiawatha Barclay Hoeg No. 11 Brightness Hoeg No. 17 California Hoeg No. 30 Candidum Hoeg No. 31 Captain C. B. Tanner Hoeg No. 136 Captain W. L. Reeves Hofgartner Stapf Cardisan Hostes Chamaeleon Jumbo Charles L. Hutchinson King of Gladioli Clarice King Philip Coblentz No. 003 Lacordaire Countess of Leicester Little Blush Dark Crimson Littleton Desdemone Louis Walter Dr. Erwin Ackerknecht Magnate Dr. Williams Mastodon Early Pink Mayor Electra Mehlmann No. 329 Erwin Mayer Melrose Estella Minnehaha Eugene Sandow Mrs. A. C. Beal Euler Mrs. Francis King Europa Mrs. Frank Pendleton Evaline Mrs. G. W. Willock Fair Maid : Mrs. Montague Chamberlain Fantastic Mrs. W. E. Fryer Gallieni Monster General Kuroki Nancy Ray George Paul Niagara 450 CoRNELL ExTENSION BULLETIN 11 Nonpareil Ophir Panama Parliament Parody Peace Pink Perfection Pioneer Pocahontas Primulinus Hybrid (} Ruffled) Prince George Princeps Prometheus Queen of Sheba Ray Red Lion Rosella Rose Queen Rose Salmon Extra Rose Wells Rosy Spray Royalty Ruthony Longside St. Louis Scarlet Velvet Scarsdale Scribe Sir John Cragle Sir William Ingram Stewart No. 102 Sunset Tavistock Titanic Triomphe de Caen Viper Wile tS el ee TALL VARIETIES All these varieties are at least 105 centimeters tall; the tallest ones are marked with an asterisk (*). Alois Nerger Anton Btchner *Aprikosa Arizona Augusta Aurora (Childs) Austin No. 56 Austin No. 57 Austin No. 58 A. W. Clifford *Bertha Comstock Bessie Rand Blood Spot Britannia Burchett No. 389 California Canary Bird Canicule *Chalice Charlotte Pfitzer Charmer *Chieftain *Coblentz No. 003 Coblentz No. 400 Countess of Leicester *Crystal White *Cynosure Dannecker *Dark Crimson Desdemone Deuil de St. Pierre *Dictum Dr. Erwin Ackerknecht Duke of Buccleuch Elector Erica von Barczay Erwin Mayer Estella Eugene Sandow Flambeau *Flanagan No. 1 Florence Frau Dora Liebau *Gates’ White Gigantic Goethe Grace Henry Groff No. 224 Grossftrstin Elisabeth Hazel Harvey Helen Tracy Hostes Improved 1900 King Humbert King of Gladioli King Philip La Candeur La Lorraine *Lemon Drop Lucille *Lucretia Lustrous Magnate Margaret Meteor Mildred *Mrs. Francis King Mottled America Muriel Negerftirst New America (Mallory & Brown) Niagara Nonpareil Oberammergau _ * GLapioLus Stupres — III Orchid (Woodruff) Papilio Major *Peace Philadelphia Phlegeton Primulinus Hybrid (3 Ruffled) Princess of Orange Prinzessin Viktoria Luise Reine de 1’ Anjou Renown Richard Strauss Romance Rose Red Rose Wells Ruffled Big Face Ruthony Longside Salmon Red No. 16 GOOD COMMERCIAL AND EXHIBITION VARIETIES Sir Marcus Samuel Sir Thomas Dewar Stewart No. 74 Stewart No. 103 Sunbeam Tavistock Umpleby No. 65 Velvet King Vista (Burchett) anda Waukesha White Crepe Winsome 451 Seventy-five varieties chosen because of their present popularity or promise of future use. Afterglow (Cowee) Alaska Alice Carey America Aprikosa Attraction Augusta Austin No. 52 Badenia Baron Joseph Hulot Bertrex Blanche Brenchleyensis Canary Bird Ceres Chicago White Coblentz No. 003 Dawn (Tracy) Decoration Elizabeth Kurz Empress of India Europa General Kuroki George Paul Glory (Kunderd) Golden King Goldfinder Grace Henry Grafin Degenfeld Halley Hazel Harvey Hollandia Independence Jean Dieulafoy Klondyke La Luna Liebesfeuer Lily Lehmann Loveliness May Meadowvale Michigan Mrs. A. C. Beal Mrs. Francis King Mrs. Frank Pendleton Mrs. Montague Chamberlain Mrs. W. E. Fryer Mongolian Pink Perfection President Taft Primulinus Hybrid (4 Ruffled) Princeps Prophetesse Reine de l’Anjou Richard Strauss Rosella Scribe : Senateur Volland Snowbank Sulphur King Sulphur Queen Sultane Sunset Taconic Velvet King Victory War THT 3 5185 0014 2rd ey rene ban ote oe hips depo ithe” sept eeinyeeitiny syste (201) br sa Eh thee tf aed ebed whee zien ee ge) ober pete eoscegzqenergent oetee ‘ od > peter th dierei ne ober A pabiphe | att see Lempdunepatans cottge eye gt | see hake flew Taegeeeirte ize eget bw) neT Ee? 90 onthe 9] ey atpage hone? doneee OEOE LC ItPTT Bne, ot 6 ne ded iwed wrtbopen er span ty potett nent wat art! petite abe 2 eens yr pono stints of eels i ede tht shape garth o fee pePre sprietaengehriegel eh ot rppotes wenn narenee ih ce nsyulbebibe ores) out #15 IF be GLa Hear UneUptnseteel ES ee aati te sdreer | 2 apoeree get tee % rein! obs ot teen ek rieee oe 14 Ft DF ppp reeds Mptite; et gebet t+ ween iis Shard eed a pet ernatr yo porer see seetTe se poheneae ety pp me ann re Titan as ebekenaenber peers snenenets Meu seer-> veeaue’ botenl weee reese 1eps 0 thats hots picbearreusnspresee iteesiyonien seTeshst se 52a ct Enh seebqednetie) wnat rien?” ie eetesinsaer peas Se beteseuior ere mee fret itary pet pcuaporedonspeyrt (secs “el 20 gett rset panssngacset roe) tet }se-$8p re “See eh he eke ea eneeee® | opaeet pers eh 24 Page rei rze it wevremr total ¢ mnaeaenes{ ols iztio’ pbepeebacteiaiitin ire Pres | reshtire tenet eget Te | epataye eae 2 PEt ebst Sepp avehs cioceteepoere jer routoynraneniaaten (peer 9 CC one aiper? 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