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The Golden Era

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Vol. 41. No. 2.

A LITERARY AX1) EDUCATIONAL REVIEW. SAN' DIEGO, CAL., MARCH, 1892!

1852.

MADGE MORRIS WAGNER, Editob and Proprietor.

1 >ffice, 42 Lawyers' Block.

Subscription Price, $2.00 a

Single Copies, 20 Cents.

WORDS.

There is naught in the world can build a wall

So high as words cai make it; And never a chord of love so strong

But the strength of words can break it.

( >. guard thy lips— thou that hast love

Too near thy heart to sever, Lest thou sit down and mourn and mourn

Its broken bonds forever.

— Hilyard.

"The good, gray poet" is gone from us. — W a i.t. The divergences of critics matter not to him

now. Whitman-. Was it poetry that he wrote? Or was it

not. Was it great? It was strong and strange. A president of the United States refused to give him a government appointment because he had written "Leaves of Grass." England, for the same reason, called him " the good gray poet," and named him with the great of the earth.

Strange and strong, and a toiled long,

lu gave to the world his best.

Let guerdon and burdens pass. Lay him down with his crown

And let him rest

Under the leaves of gi

(anticipating that an editor has one) a superfluous " the '' stood boldly and uncompromisingly and unblushingly at the beginning of the name, making it El Puerto de las Palmas when it should have been, and was intended to be, only Puerto de las Palmas. And behold ! that self- interpolating, impudent " the " was not only a superflu- ous " the," but it was a man "the " when it should have been a woman " the." And then a citizen of San Diego — an eminent citizen of San Diego — a lawyer, a man whose ears have become so attuned to the music of the Spanish language that the wind blowing the wrong way- over a Spanish adjective would cause him to have inflam- tion of the auditory nerve, this eminent citizen arose in his righteous wrath and in the columns of the San Diegan completely demolished the poet of the Sierras. But, as in the ordinary expression of legal and other jus- tice, the punishment fell upon the wrong man. The luckless poet had not been asked to even assist in the Spanish spelling — poets not being supposed to know how to spell in any language. The real perpetrator of that mis-sexed "the" would much have liked to take shelter behind the Poet's name, (because the Poet would uot have cared, ) but the still small voice whispered, "coward," and the little hatchet story, etc.

There is another man of .San Diego, a young man, a tall, fair, handsome young man — a soldier, a poet — who also takes critical umbrage at "our Spanish." His ob- jection is to the imaginary Chilean's usage of "tengo." He saj-s it was not used according to the books; and he sends us an entire conjugation of the verb tener, and kindly underscores a supplementary explanation, show- ing how it should have been used. But since our soldier- poet — who has never done very much fighting, nor writ- ten very much poetry — is probably new in the field of criticism, the suggestion is gently made, that imaginary words put into the mouths of imaginary men are not cir- cumscribed by the laws of books.

It would be such impolitic political economy, to make a four dollar and a half grammatical blunder to save the purchase price of a twenty-five cent grammar.

A sham fly on a pin hook will "catch" more " bites" than a bate of live, kicking grasshopper.

In the sub-name of the poem by " the

"0 poet of the Sierras" on the name of our

"Gate" — which appeared in the January

Si' number of The Golden Era— there was

was a great blunder. )',\ some " hook or

crook," or hallucinating abberration of the editor's brain,

Sir Edwin Arnold has said that this book

" Human by Emile Zola is the greatest novel of the

year. How the refined, soulful author

BRUTES." of the "Light of Asia" could make such

an expression of such a book will remain

a conundrum to everybody who has read the "Light of

Asia" and reads "Human Brutes."

THE GOLDEN ERA.

It is horrible; so vulgarly brutal (begging pardon of the brutes) that one comes out of the book with the feel- ing that the)' have had a plunge bath in coagulated' blood.

The desire to rule is a sign of inherent STRENGTH weakness. The man who wants to make the world (and its wife) acknowledge that AND he was born to "boss it" is usually defer,

ential to his cook and afraid of his type- Ego. writer. The woman who is always bob-

bing up serenely to show off before the public mistakes her invulnerable egotism for ability, and mostly culls the knowledge she would inculcate on a gaping world from the encyclopaedia or the back of the dictionary. The greatest greatness is too humble to know itself. The lion does not swagger; the eagle never hops upon the fence to cackle.

The cruiser, under orders, sailed away Is it a and left us; and no appropriation is

made for harbor defense at San Diego. Quarentine ? The Pacific Mail Steamship Company,

keeping its contract under protest, floats timidly into our inviting bay, and rides at anchor safe beyond the reach of contact with the outermost edge of any wharf. It refuses to take a passenger, and carries away with it the South American mail that should have been left to speed overland on its way to the waiting cities of the East.

Is San Diego quarentined for the mumps or anything? Or what is it?

"Once a Californian, a Californian for-

A Smile ever," is particularly exemplified in the

loyalty of Alice Denison Wiley, of Chica-

From go, who, in that region of the icy East,

cultivates every summer in her garden

California, the wild California Poppy — the Spaniard's

"cup of gold." She poetically calls it

" A smile from California."

And it is California's winter smile, that follows in the foot prints of the rain. "

An

The following prettily, daintily writ- ten little, fashionably scented sta- tionary, question fluttered into the ETIQUETTE-ICAL office like a meek-eyed, questioning carrier-pigeon : Poskk. Dear Editor:

T am puzzled over a question of social etiquette which I cannot find in any of the books. Is it right for a fascinating widow to invite a married man to sit with her in her box at the theater after the man's wife has refused to accept her invitation? Please answer, and oblige, ry truly,

(Mrs. ) Sak ' line A ."

Your question, dear madame, is a poser. There is no universally acknowled tidard of right and wrong.

In the society of the Cannibal Islands it is the best form to eat each other's entire bodies; while in very civilized society they devour only the hearts of each other. If it was your husband whom the fascinating widow invited to accompany her to the theater after you had refused her invitation for yourself, it was the correct thing to do; — we are verging a very civilized society. If, on the other- hand, you are the fascinating widow, and comtemplate inviting a gentlemen to sit with you in your box, whose wife has refused to accept your invitation, (or extending him any other invitation that his wife has refused to ac- cept) why — well, unless you have a large plenty of scalp lock, and much money to back you in the enterprise, wait until you have removed your residence to New York — and ask Ward McCalister.

The Burns' Literary Society of San Francisco recently offered a prize of twenty-five dollars for the best poem on the subject of " Hope." The prize was awarded to Hon. Nestor A. Young of San Diego. The following strong, beautiful lines are the poem :

APOSTROPHE TO HOPE.

Ah hope divine, sweet pilot of our destiny, Thou art the inspiration that doth lead Mankind to thoughts and deeds sublime; Or standing on the sentried heights of time, Above all storms, beyond all doubts and fears, Thy face aglow with heavenly Are, Doth sweetly chant in grand harmonic flow. Attuned to Arch Angelic symphony. Soul-stirring themes — seraphic dreams — Leading where Heaven's eternal splendors glow.

Tt is difficult to be original on a subject so trite; but the author has here succeeded. The poem is one of the small nuggets of gold that occasionally tumble out of the quartz-ledge of literature.

The poem of J. J. Owen, editor of the Phoenix, in San Jose's local poets' contest for the Unitarian Church prize, is so poetically superior to the one to which the prize was awarded that an uninterested reader must wonder at the decision. J. J. Owen, though not claiming to be a poet, and by far too busy a man to idle much time in the mystic realm of the unreal, has nevertheless produced some beautiful gems of poesy; things that will not be forgotten when their author is dead.

AN ANNIVERSARY.

(to h. w.) The tenderest, the truest of all men art thou: In our rough pathway thou hast ever walked ahead. And with thy footsteps trodden smooth the way for mine. Thy gracious loving care, thy lips' most gentle speech, And all life's pretty courtesies that wedded ones Forget when wanes their first white moon of love, Thou hast observed them ever unto me, Till thou and love and life are one inseparable — I love thee so. •'/. M.

March 30th.

THE GOLDEN ERA.

AN ADVENTURE WITH AN ANTEDILUVIAN.

iiV MAJOR HEN. C. TRUMAN.

[Copyrighted 1892. All rights reserved bj the author.]

THIS adventure took place at Marchand's, the well- known restaurant in San Francisco, in March, 1S86. I had just arrived from Los Angeles, and was hungry. But I had hardly seated myself when I was joined by an elderly-looking gentleman, who smiled serenely as he sat down opposite me at the same table.

His face was round, his forehead high, his nose Ro- man, his eyes lustrous, his hair white and luxuriant, and his beard like his hair in color, and flowing. He was genteely dressed: — his outside raitnentconsi sting of light cassimere pants, Prince Albert coat and low-cut vest. After settling himself well into his chair, he addressed me as follows:

"I have taken the liberty, my dear sir, if you have no objection, of joining you in the discussion of an ample modern meal: for, sir, let rue assure you that, upon my honor, this is the first time in several thousand years I have had an opportunity of sitting at breakfast with a gentle- man. Indeed, sir, if I am not greatly mistaken, the last time I appeased my appetite in company with a congenial spirit was with my exhiliarating old friend Noah, the distinguished navigator, so-called."

Naturally enough such a speech arrested my attention, and I looked directly into the queer old fellow's face, but I discovered only candor and intelligence therein, and I asked, somewhat humorously undoubtedly, but with an affectation of seriousness :

" Do I understand you, sir, to allude to Noah of sacred history ? "

" I refer to that same dear daparted old-timer, with whom I was on terms of exceeding intimacy." " You don't say so ?"

" Yes; and who I knew just as well as I did Adam, and Moses, and Daniel, and Nebuchadnezzar. Why, many and many a time have Noah and 1 hobnobbed over a friendly glass of wine." "Well, well, well !"

" It is true," he continued, "that I was tolerably along in years even when all those historical fellows were boys ; but I used to frolic with them at times, nevertheless. I made the first kite Methusaleh ever flew, and many a time have I kicked football with Cain and Abel. Adam and I used occasionally to sample the ardent together in the Garden of Eden. Noah and your humble servant knocked around promiscuously over the same vineyards upon numerous occasions; and what Solomon and the in- dividual who is addressing you didn't know about the erring gender don't grow luxuriantly on any of your quarter sections of wild oats to-day. "

During the progress of these last irreconcilable utter- ances I had concluded I had "pooled issues" with a lunatic, and I therefore kept one eye upon a carver lying upon my side of the table, and the other upon the nearest

place of exit, fully convinced that the result of the mati- nee would be a fight or a foot race. Still, I was getting mightily interested in the old party, and I resolved to /

take the possible chance of an uproar, and encouraged the seance by interrogat

"Did any of your old-time comrades have hop-bitter baseball clubs, Mrs. Winslow's soothing syrup cricket associations, steel railway boodlers, sugar and oil trusts. Salvation armies, and go-as-you-please walking matches? — did they ever paint towns red and — "

" Sir!" lie replied, in a tone of unaflected surprise and indignation. " If you think you can make a butt of me you are most awfully mistaken. I will depart at once. No modern man ought insult or ridicule a person of my age and erudition." And the distressed relic of an ante- diluvian period stopped the progress of a single tear.

That I became embarrassed is apparent, but my curios- ity overcame my momentary perplexity and I broke a short but uncomfortable silence by calling for a bottle of choice claret and requesting the sad-faced pilgrim to join me in its friendly absorption. He brightened out like a sunbeam, and declared that nothing could give him greater pleasure. The waiter soon returned and filled two small goblets with Chateau I,afitte. My companion drank the blushing beverage with gusto and observed, after smack- ing his withered lips:

" My congenial friend, that wine has an exquisite bou- quet, and is as delightful as any I ever quaffed with my old comrade Nimrod, when that excellent marksman and your obedient servant used to go out after larks."

I came very near interrogating the curious old creature just at this point as to whether he and the other boys" he had so flippantly alluded to had ever gone out on larks, but the notion that he might possibly brain me on the spot checked me in my hilarious intention and I maintained silence — a silence which the old gentleman broke by saying:

"The delicious sensation produced by that one single nectareous gill has made me feel more companionable, not to say more familiar, indeed; and I ardently wish to prolong our acquaintance and conversation."

These syllables were so prettily and so pleasantly ar- ticulated and the manner of the old gentleman became so warm and so sympathetic that I could not have resisted even if possible danger had seemed impending, and I was not unmindful of the fact, of course, that we were iu a public place, and where there were generally only fash- ionable or other well-behaved people to be met. So, in response, with some well-chosen words, I placed my newly made acquaintance at his ease. He then looked me right in the eye and said:

" On the whole this is a very beautiful world, isn't it?" " Taking everything into consideration and referring particularly to myself," I replied, " I am constrained to believe that there is a good deal to enjoy here. I am not so rich as to b% mean, selfish, suspicious and generally unhappy, nor so poor as to be underfed, shunned, and generally miserable. Coupon-cutting and wood-cutting are vocations alike unknown to me. I have never wanted

V

THE GOLDEN ERA.

for a meal, however, or a bed, or clothes to keep me com- fortable; and, on the whole, I have always felt that the world had been quite good to me and was quite good enough for me."

He complimented me upon what he was pleased to term my frankness and my felicity, and proceeded:

"May I respectfully ask you to present your impres- sions touching the creation of this beautiful world ? Do you believe that this world was made in six days, and that Adam was the first man; that there were mountains high enough for Moses to ascend and hold converse with Jehovah; and that during what fictitious writers call the flood, rain fell incessantly for forty days and forty nights, inundating the planet upon which we live, and that every human being except Noah and his family — and all other living creatures except those which it is claimed were also taken into the ark — were drowned or were otherwise swept from the face of the earth ? "

This was only a simple question to be sure ; but there was enough in it to somewhat indicate the character of the person who had asked it. In other words I suddenly felt that I knew my man ; and I replied, therefore, with as much precision and impressiveness as I could quickly summon :

' ' I spring from good old New England dyed-in-the- wool Puritanical stock, sir, and I believe everything touching the creation and the destruction of the world as recorded in the Bible. I have never examined the dan- gerous writings of Voluey, Voltaire, Paine, Ingersoll, Darwin, Huxley, Draper or Renan. I believe, firmly, in the existence of heaven and of hell, and hope for no perfect bliss except that to be found in Abraham's bosom. Pardon me, sir ; but I will come directly to the point: I do believe that this beautiful world was made in six days, according to scripture ; and that Adam was the first man; and that, on one occasion, the Almighty, in a great paroxysm of anger, destroyed all living things that he had made except Noah and his family — "

"And a certain number of beasts and birds and reptiles and insects, et hoc genus omne, for breeding purposes, eh? " "Yes."

"How provoking! Will you be kind enough, my dear sir, to tell me, then, why it was not just as feasible for the Creator to have made all of these living things over again if he at one time produced them with such infinite ease and perfection as you give him credit for ? If you possess what may be termed religious faith which prompts you to believe that the Supreme Ruler of the Universe did so far forget himself, once, in his inexcusa- ble rage, as to ruthlessly destroy much of his matchless handiwork, is it at all consistent that be should have select- ed a few wretched human beings, a menagerie of animals, an aviary of birds, and a vast collection of repulsive rep- tiles and insects as spectators and survivors of so grand and appalling a catastrophe ? There is nothing in the whole range of your so-called sacred history so utterlj fallacious and unreasonable as the legend of Noah's Hood. There is a stupendousness oi untruth and ridiculousness about it that throws all other holy fabrications in the shade. For instance, my friend, did you ever turn over

carefully in your mind — of course you have a mind ?" — " I think so."

— " What the dimensions of such a vessel must neces- sarily have been to have carried Noah and his family and his immense collection of living things, and provisions for the cruise from the commencement on to the end of the great storm ? Did you ever reflect upon the sanitary- effects of so many people and animals huddled together for several months ? Did it ever occur to you that, dur- ing the forty days it is said to have rained, water must have fallen to a depth of more than a thousand inches every twenty-four hours ? Believe that Jonah was made a nauseating meal of by a voracious whale, if you will ; that Daniel was thrown among ferocious lions that did not tear him in pieces ; that Shedrach, Meshach and Abednego were cast into a fiery furnace and not even scorched ; that Sodom and Gomorrah were spectacularly destroyed by celestial fire ; that Dot's wife was trans- formed into a pillar of salt, and that the gifted Naza- rine emerged from an unnatural wedlock; but do not, I beseech you, my friend, place any dependence upon that narrative of the deluge ; for that story is a prodigious lie, from beginning to end, and so ridiculous a one, it seems to me it should seem to every one, as it is prodigious. There were numbers of deluges, or inundations, in Europe and Asia during the Quaternary Epoch ; and this so-called Noah's Flood was one of them, and was occa- sioned by the upheaval of a part of the long chain of mountains which diverges from the Caucasus." "Sir, I— " " Listen ! " " Proceed, Sir."

"You fully believe the so-called statements of the Evangelists concerning the wonderful physical events that accompanied the Crucifixion, of course?" " I most assuredly do, sir."

" And you undoubtedly interpret the meaning of such events as evidences of the indignation of the Omnipo- tent ? "

" Yes. sir."

" You are mistaken. There were a great many super- stitious people in those days and very few scientific ones. Bear that distinctly in mind. An earthquake, or an inundation, or an eclipse, was looked upon by the multi- tudes as an exhibition of the wrath of the Invisible One. Science is steadily clearing the way of many obstacles, however. It has been satisfactorily proven by Herr Kalb, a savant of our own day, that there was a total eclipse of the moon concomitantly with the earthquake that occurred when Julius Ciesar was assassinated, on the 15th of March, B. C. 44. He has also calculated the Jewish calendar to A. I). \\, and the result of his researches fully confirms the facts recorded by the Evan- gelists of those physical events I have just spoken of. Astronomical calculations prove, without a shadow ol doubt, that, on the i |th day of the Jewish month Nissan I April 6,) there was a total eclipse of the sun. which was accompanied, in all probability, 1>\ the earthquake, ' When the vail of the Temple was rent from the t<>/> to the bottom, a//,/ the earth did quake and the rock rent' — 1 am quoting Scrip-

THE GOLDEN ERA.

5

ture, you know— Matthew xxvii. 51. The writer of St. Luke, too, refers to that eclipse in these words: 'And it was the sixth hour, (12 noon) mid there was darkness over all the land till the ninth hour, ( 3 o'clock p. m.) and the sun was darkened. — Luke xxiii. 44. Herr Kalh's mode of reckoning corresponds perfectly with the result of calcula- tions made by reckoning backward from the great total eclipse of April, 1818, allowing for the difference between the old aud new styles, which also give April 6th as the date of the new moon in the year 31. Of course, you are willing to admit that scientific men, who can calculate to a second the periods of commencement and termination of eclipses to take place, may reckon backward with the same degree of acuracy ?"

" Certainly, sir."

"Further : As the vernal equinox of the year fell on March 2 5th 'and the Jews ate their Easter lamb and cele- brated their Frib Passoh, or Feast of the Passover, on the following new moon, it is clear that April 6th was identi- cal with Nisan 14th, of the Jewish calendar, which, moreover, was on Friday, the Paras Kevee, or day of preparation for the Sabbath: and this agrees with the He- brew Talmud."

"And this should convince me, you think, that the physical events which transpired concomitantly with the crucifixion had nothing whatever to do with said cruci- fixion ? "

"I do not know that I think anything of the kiud. I do declare, though, that by the united testimony of as- tronomy, archaeology, and traditional and biblical history there should be no doubt that the date of the crucifixion was April 6th, 31. I was not present at that cowardly and inexcusable murder, and cannot vouch for it on my own knowledge. Still, I am certain enough about it, and I am also certain, as are all thinking men of the pres- ent age, that the physical events of that day had nothing whatever to do with the atrocity of the occasion."

' ' You are very clever in denouncing the crucifixion as an atrocity. But it is very plain, all the same, that you are not a Christian — you do not believe in the divinity of Jesus Christ — you are really a being without religious sentiment. Indeed, I doubt if you own a Bible."

" Why, I just quoted from Matthew and Luke. I own a Bible, my friend, and I have read it a great deal. But I have examined other writings as well. I am unlike you, to this extent: — that I never shrink from giving all things that I do not thoroughly understand patient and candid and I trust intelligent investigation. I have read a great many books upon Christ and Christianity, but I have also examined into the writings of men who have written by the light of the calcium illumination of mod- ern research. It is an unfortunate fact that there have been too many histories of the Bible and New Testament canons tainted with blemishes which make most of said histories simply worthless to truth-seekers. Very few there are, indeed, that have not been written in a spirit of advocacy, while a majority of them have been produced with a set purpose to favor the earliest recognition of the gospels as best known. Now, sir, what do you know

about the gospels, anyway ? When were they written? We'll see, now, who knows the most about this thing, after all."

" Well, I have been informed that Luke was written six years aud Mark ten years after the death of Jesus."

"You don't know, then, that unprejudicial inquiry long ago unanimously disclosed the untruths of such un- scrupulous statements ? You are not aware that chrono- logical investigations long ago led to conclusions that none of the gospels were written during the first century?"

"Well, to tell the truth, I have to admit that I have never made these things subjects of detailed study. I had supposed that Matthew, Mark, Luke and John had been written by Matthew, Mark, Luke and John."

" Why Luke was written in 170, Mark in 175, John in 178, and Matthew in 180 A. D. Any paid preacher will tell you that, privately."

" My friend, you surprise me. I have always looked upon the Bible as a holy book, and have always firmly- believed that its authors were inspired; and I shall always maintain this opinion."

" That's right — stick to your opinion. But let me at- tempt to enlighten you by presenting a panorama of facts."

"Certainly. Let us drink each other's health again, first, though, and then you may proceed, for I am really- interested in what you say, although whatever you do, or may, say has no possible effect upon me — remember .that ! "

" O, that's all light; I'm merely chatting, not arguing. Indeed, I wouldn't give a dime to convince you. If rea- son and reading and the progress in your own church and the many revisions of the Bible that have taken place do not set you to thinking, nothing I could say would ap- peal to your fine sense and reasoning faculties. In the first place you must bear in mind that the early transla- tors of the Bible and those who first disseminated the doc- trines of Christianity were men who were entirely satis- fied of the truth of the dogmas of the things as they saw them before they began to write, consequently they im- parted as much seeming consistency and reverential feel- ing to their productions as was possible, and recom- mended them in either an impressive or fascinating or ag- gressive way to that Christian world which, up to a late day, has generally shrunk from the bare suggestion of candid investigation into the beginning of its creed. At the present time, however, there is a very large and con- tinually increasing class of people in all civilized coun- tries who are unsatisfied with this kind of history and who feel that to get at the actual truth, divested entirely of the glosses of prejudice and superstition, it is necessary to put aside all preconceived ideas and to examine the records with a single eye to the ascertainment of the truth. These reasoning people perceive that the history of a party or a sect, even at the present day, written by a member of that party or sect, must necessarily partake of the preju- dice and narrowness or trade mark of the organization. You may readily catch on to what I declaim by perusing Catholic and Protestant histories of France and England; Abbot's and Scott's description of Napoleon; Grant's

THE GOLDEN ERA.

and Beauregard's opinions of Shiloh; or, say, Democratic and Republican estimates of each other's political action — and in hundreds of other cases easily to examine, you may put your finger on the parts which proclaim the pre- judiced or otherwise interested writers, because, directly they find themselves discussing events in which the peo- ple of their own organizations or creeds bore conspicuous parts, they begin to warp the facts or incidents in order to favor the side or sides they prefer, or from some other motives none the less eleemosynary or discreditable. The first triplets born were Superstition, Ignorance and Big- otry, and they came into the world early; and they are scattered well over creation even now, but are being quietly killed off, daily, nevertheless. The first really complete English translation of the Bible was made by Miles Coverdale, an Augustinian friar, in 1535." " I've got you." "Got who ?" " Got you — dead."

" Aren't you a little slangy for one so good ?" ' ' Pardon me — but I am of the opinion that a man named Wycliffe, that famous leader of the Poor Priests, and for a while rector of Suttleworth and lecturer of Ox- ford, was the first translator of the sacred Scriptures into English, about 1390; or, say a hundred years before the birth of Tyndale."

" Yes; I should have said printed in English — that is Coverdale's and Tyndale's translations were the first printed in English, while Wycliffe's translation was spread among his followers in manuscript form, for types and printing presses were unknown in that day. By the way, my friend, what an immense amount of work those Lol- lards, clothed in red sackcloth, feet and heads bare, per- formed. Why, after a lapse of five hundred years there are more than one hundred and fifty of Wycliffe's manu- script Bibles, more or Jess complete, still in a good state of preservation, here and there throughout England."

" Do you know when the first translation of that sacred book was made ?"

" Yes; the first translation of that .so-called sacred book — or that part of it known as the Old Testament — into the Georgian language was made by Euphemius, in the eighth century ; but his translation has been grossly cor- rupted and interpolated by succeeding translators and re- visers so that, could the founder of the Iberian monastery on Mount Athos resurrect himself and compare the Scla- vonic version with his own he would fail to perceive any- thing decidedly similar about them. It was not until 1743, however, that a Georgian Bible appeared in print, which was published at Moscow under the auspices of a number of prominent Georgian noblemen, among whom were Princes Arcil, Vakuset, and Boachar. The first English translator of the Bible was William Tyndale, who was born near London in [490. His translation made its first appearance at Antwerp in 1528, and was somewhat fragmentary, of course. What is known as the King James version was a translation and came into use in 1610.

"That is my Bible."

"I >_;uess not. That version has been revised with a

vengeance, so that the King James and the revised edi- tion are not as like as two peas, don't you see."

" But it is the preferred Bible of the world."

" Yes; and the next edition will be the preferred Bible of the world, no matter how many changes and elimina- tions may have been made."

" But it was authorized."

' ' Do you look upon the original Bible as the work of inspired writers and translators?"

" To be sure, I do."

" Well, then, who authorized its revisions? God or man ? Great printing houses are interested in changes of text books and other school publications — a revision of the Bible once in a while is a good thing for its printers and publishers, isn't it ?"

" O, I don't deny that there are those who are inter- ested in its revision once in a while from that stand- point— the mechanics who build our churches and cathe- drals must receive remuneration for their labor, mustn't they?"

' ' Oh, my friend, you dodge the question — your com- parisons are slightly off. The Bible is supposed to be an inspired book, and if so, no human being has a right to tamper with it. But you can pray to God from the top of a woodpile with your hat on with as much fervor as if on your knees under the dome of St. Peter's. I do not look upon the Bible as a sacred book any more than I do upon the works of Josephus or Bunyau. It is a wonderful hook, however, but has lost much of its ma- jesty by your so-called authorized versions; while much that has been permitted to remain should have been elim- inated. All in all, it has been injured, and its seem- ing holiness mightily impaired."

" But its teachings are still good ?"

" Much of its teachings are the bases of the laws of the present day. Moses was the first great law maker and law giver; Jesus drew a good deal from Moses, and Ma- homet, as keen as the I lamascus blade he wore, purloined from his illustrious predecessor. Christ, on account of his purity and innocence, and persecution, has more fol- lowers than Moses; but Mahomet has more followers than that same sublime man who walked erect from Galillee to Calvary, and who the whole world should honor as a great and good man and teacher of good things."

" Why has Mahomet more followers?"

" Because Mahomet taught one God; and while, per- sonally, he was not so pure or so sinless as either Moses or Jesus, he disseminated a better and more consistent standard for the one great common belief that is steadih gaining ground among highly intelligent and thinking people, and which will some day become the universal religion of mankind."

"I am constrained to declare that you do not believe in the Immaculate Conception or TheTriniU '"

" Why should I ? I have read and observed closely. 1 study Nature and the Infinite. I put all this and all that together, you see. In the first place the earliest al- lusion to the Immaculate Conception is found in the Epistle of Ignatius in 1 15, or, say eighty years after the death of Christ. Isn't that a verv long time for so won-

THE GOLDEN ERA.

derful and heinous a doctrine to be made a possibility ? Again, the doctrine of Christ's miracles was just as late in being disseminated. One hundred years, nearly, after his birth, the theory of Christ's divinity was spectacularly proclaimed, and then followed despotic declarations of his supernatural powers and performances. As to the Trinity, that was not preached until the second century.''

"You undoubtedly scout the resurrection and the im- mortality of the soul ?"

"The resurrection was not preached until seventy-five years after the cunning Iscariot sold his Master on a mar- gin. That, too, is a mighty long period for so remarka- ble a doctrine to lie unutilized. Even then, the earliest view of it denied a resurrection of the body, which was not thought of until the second century. It was at least one hundred years after the death of Christ before the be- lief of the immortality of the soul became prevalent."

"But, don't the Bible preach the immortality of the soul, and have not such eminent ministers as Moody and Talmadge, Kalloch and Murray, Barrows and Douns. and Sams Small and Jones preached it ?"

" Let me assure you of a fixed truth: — Nowhere in the Old Testament is the immortality of the soul taught, and not a single verse so much as intimates such a doctrine. It is to Plato, in fact, and not to Christian philosophers and educators that you owe the doctrine of the immortal- ity of the soul. Even if it did, it would not be in ad- vance of the heathen, generally, who, the world over, be- lieve in a Great Spirit above and an after life. Do you know, my friend, that there isn't an educated minister in the city of New York, San Francisco, or Boston who be- lieves in the so-called Immaculate Conception ? Mind you, I say educated; I don't mean leaders of Holiness Bands, Christian Science scamps and cranks, Salvation Army disturbers of municipal peace and burlesquers of religion, and all theological lunatics and illiterate Bible pounders, generally — I mean men of education and intel- ligence, who have graduated from institutions of learn- ing. What do you think ?"

"O, you couldn't change me in my religious beliefs, if you talked to me a year."

"So?"

' ' So. You know I told you at the start that I stand by the Bible. I acknowledge its divine precepts and its laws. My mother taught me to love the Bible, and I shall always do so, even if only out of respect to her, God bless her memory. I also believe firmly in the divinity of Christ."

' ' What evidence have you of his divinity — what sin- gle thing did he ever do that was divine ?"

"Didn't he come into the world to save sinners ?"

" I am not aware that he did."

"Well, he did."

" Well, if he did, he wasn't a tremendous success, un- friend; for, according to the statements of the ministers and newspapers all over the world, there is and always has been a very lively lot of sinners that never came within the influence of his so-called divine teaching. Jesus Christ came into the world just the same as any human being. He might have been found in a stable,

just as Moses, his predecessor, was picked up in the bull- rushes. Millions of illegitimate children have been found in stables and hotels and under bridges and on doorsteps — these are generally called foundlings. If Moses and Jesus were born out of wedlock and placed where some good persons could get them they were foundlings. But that didn't happen t<> besmirch them, because they turned out god-like and exemplary and great. The world is better for their teachings, although the latter would be termed a religious crank instead of a god by a majority of religious people if he were living to-day."

" You do not believe he came into the world divinely, then, to save sinners ?"

" I have answered that question once."

" But didn't he die to save sinners ?"

" I cannot say that he did. At any rate, the sinners come and go, just as before. Seriously, Christ died like any man would under the circumstances. His crucifixion was an atrocious crime. He was nailed to a cross, while he was feeble and sore, and he was subse- quently pierced to death. He undoubtedly believed he was the son of God, and in his dire distress and pain he called upon the Omnipotent to save him. But no succor came from any source, and he died from great pain and loss of blood. There was no earthly occasion for that murder, however. The young man was doing good in- stead of harm. But he was making too many converts throughout his section of country, and he was in the way, don't you see ? — and a lot of ruffians and demagogues saw to it that he was put out of the way. Why, the same kind of creatures cut off heads at the Tower of London three or four hundred years ago, and in Paris less than a hundred years ago. The greater portion of the Bible — the Holy Bible — the Word of God — is a description of butcheries of the most devilish sort."

" But the world is the gainer by the crucifixion, isn't it ?"

" I cannot say so. There is a glamour about the cru- cifixion and the so-called resurrection that will last for ages, undoubtedly, and the world is probably none the loser by it. A martyr, even if a tyrant, finds his way to one's heart. Who has not dropped a tear over the mur- der of Marie Antoinette and her husband ? What hu- man being has not sympathized with the despotic brute who died at St. Helena ? Sentiment is the dynamite of the heart, you know, and the spear that was so murderously driven into the quivering flesh of the gifted Nazarene has pierced the hearts of all who have loved and honored him for his purity of thought and action. That infamous crime upon Calvary created a religious feeling than can never be fully repressed."

" I am glad to hear you say that."

"Why, I say it boldly. There may be a greater than Christ some day, but none better."

"Then you believe in religion?"

' ' As far as it has a tendency for good, I do. Science can never place obstacles in the way of law and order, and all religions must conform to the latter."

" Science conflicts with Christianity, though don't it?"

"Science and common sense conflict with the Bible and

8

THE GOLDEN ERA.

with the God of the Bible, most emphatically. It is not the aim of scientific essayists, however, to repress true religious emotions or aspirations, or to empty the universe of God. Science should not conflict with true Chris- tianity, which simply means as close an allegiance to the Sermon on the Mount as is consistent with human na- ture in its noblest state. The continuance of high mor- ality and obedience to governmental laws means the per- petuity of the rigor of Christian religion and truth. True theology, which is the dissemination of Christian truths, cannot be eradicated. Huxley, in one of his earlier reviews, says that extinguished theologians lie abput the cradle of every science, as the strangled snakes beside that of Hercules."

" Then you differ with Huxley ? "

"No, no; I believe in true theology. But I scorn the platitudes of the so-called theologians."

" You do not believe that theology is a science, then ?"

" It should be a science, but it is not. Some day the- ology will become a science, and then there will be no conflict between science and Christianity. Then truth will prevail, and men who have been educated to preach will dissemble and lie no more. Do you know what sci- ence is? "

"I might not define it correctly."

"Well, your dictionary will inform you that 'science is a systematic arrangement of truths according to their mutual relations.' But Huxley is briefer and simpler, when he terms it 'trained and organized common sense.' Are the emanations from the pulpits of the world, generally, highly suggestive of avalanches of trained and organized common sense ? Not if I know myself — excuse the slang, please, — for I have lived quite a while in this city."

"I do not agree with you on the main point; for it seems to me, that, so far as history and experience may be trusted, no theologians of eminence have been extin- guished. Athanasius, Augustine, Luther, Calvin, and scores of other gifted theologians, in my humble opinion, are not extinguished. I am perfectly well aware that all they preached is not fully accepted at the present day. But their doctrines of salvation by faith in Jesus Christ is justified by the experience of all believers, and science, instead of extinguishing these theologians, as Hercules strangled snakes, is like Cronos, devouring her own children."

" Why, you are graphic and vigorous."

" Didn't the Copernican theory of the universe extin- guish the Ptolemaic? And where was Descartes' doc- trine of vortices after Sir Isaac Newton's doctrine of at- traction ?"

" So far as that is concerned, astronomy has extin- guished astrology, chemistry alchemy, and electricity magic and miracle and spiritualism, while geology has helped vastly to open the way to scientific research. Cer- tainly none of these have elevated your so-called religion or confirmed the holiness of Genesis. From that book to Revelation our planet is as fiat as a pancake."

" I admit the errors of the ancients. But, if I am not greatly mistaken, your truly scientific men are not a

unit in their theories. The conviilsionists have been de- voured by the uniformitarians; the evolutionists are pitch- ing into the creationists; the advocates of the theory of the transmitationists are making short work of those who dare insist upon the persistence and immutability of spe- cies. It is not all harmony in the scientific camp, by any means."

" Correct you are. It is not perfect sunshine in the theological outfit, it seems to me. The Episcopalians have had it hot and heavy over the revision of the Prayer Book; the Presbyterians are at sword's points over the re- vision of the Westminster Confession of Faith, while re- formed churches are making tremendous headway against the doctrines of a hundred years ago. The idea that God created men and women for eternal punishment is fanatical; that none but the elect are redeemed by Christ is ridiculous; that a proportion of the infants born are merely fuel for hell-fire is revolting; and that God made the devil and let the latter get the best of him is wicked and absurd. The most disreputable of all theological crimes are the pulpit attempts made all over the civilized world to exalt God's sovereignty and at the same time cast a slur upon his greatness, justice and love. Asa general thing, ministers do not believe what they preach. There isn't a meeting-house in the land in which, if an alarm of fire was given, the preacher wouldn't drop his elaborately prepared sermon and make for the first place of exit."

' ' You think their escape would be a survival of the fittest, don't you ? "

"A survival of the fleetest, you should say. But that is neither here nor there. What I want to convince you of is that these ministers preach all around true religion. They prefer to give you a weekly dash of technical the- ology, aud to impress it upon you that God is good and just to all and prove that he is not. They embellish their manuscripts with the declarations that Christ came into the world or died to save sinners and in the same breath tell you that none have yet been saved. They preach too much promiscuous theology and too little good, plain re- ligion. To tell you the truth, my friend, the day is fast approaching when all ecclesiastical systems will pass away and there will be no technical Christianity in the land. The preacher in Westminster Abbey at present tells his congregations that Christ came to teach peace aud good will, while every niche and corner of that magnificent cathedral is filled with monuments and sarcophagai of men who made the killing of human beings an art. Christ taught peace, but the world honors above all other creations the man who is the most successful expert in killing. In your own land there are monuments to Grant and Lee, Thomas and Jackson, McPherson and Johnston, but none to Chapin, or Edwards or King. It is nearlj two thousand years since Christ preached virtue, peace, forgiveness and unselfishness, and he preached it vigor- ously and well, and set the little world who knew him a good example. He had no theology, no philosophy, no ecclesiastical tendencies or ruptures; -no Brunos, no Lu- thers, no Popes. But he preached truth and morality and tair dealing, which arc not distinguishing trade marks

THE GOLDEN ERA.

to-day among the majority of your professional Chris- tians."

"I agree with you in souk- particulars; but whether I do or not, I can't help saying that you are an agreeable old gentleman."

"Well, I don't know how agreeable I am, but I am old enough, surely."

"How old are you, anyway?"

" As strange as it may seem, this is my birthday, and I am twenty-seven billion, nine hundred million, eight hundred thousand, seven hundred and ninety-one years old to-day."

" Great Scott ! but you are an old-timer, ain't you ?"

"Yes; I've revolved on this festive planet of ours a good many times. Now, sir, would you like to have me describe the earth from its beginning down to the present time?"

" I certainly should. A man of your age must know a great deal."

• ' I am able to present you an accurate and detailed ac- count of the commencement and growth of what is called the world; or, to speak more scientifically, the growth of our planet, from its gaseous birth in space, through its process of assimilation, its dark Plutonian periods, its glacial epochs, its terms of aqueous, ferniferous, reptilian and mammiferous life to the time when humanity began, a few millions of years ago."

" I am all attention."

" I will commence with the primitive epoch, when our planet was merely a puff, or a vapor, the interior of which was 195,000 deg. centigrade. Of course, this mere puff was eighteen hundred times as large as its pres- ent bulk; and, among the agencies which would operate in its condensation, was its passage through the frigid planetary intervals, where the temperature cannot be less than 100 deg. below zero. This would gradually form the crust of the earth, which, now, by some thirty miles of thickness only, holds us out of the incandescent horrors below. At the same time the molten mass, operated upon by the sun and moon — as it still is, though now so much spent that it only issues volcanically in its throes — would rush up in great waves when the crust was thin- ner, not only forming those immense wedges of primitive granite which erect themselves in many of the mountain ranges of America and elsewhere, but many of those irregular stratifications which make the sec- tions of rocky deposits look like huge agates for a Titan's ornaments. These eruptive rocks are called Plutonic and volcanic — the former including the granites and the kindred compact rocks formed far below the surface and cooled under great pressure; and the latter including trachytes, basalts and lavas, which are of looser textures, and have cooled nearer to and upon the surface. By the way, my friend — but of this you are probably aware — there are about three hundred volcanoes on this little sphere of ours, more or less ac- tive, a number of which, when you for a moment pause to consider what they serve to vent, no oue will be dis- posed to grudge, however wide a berth he may wish to

give them. Aararat, Sinai, Orizaba, Shasta, Tacoma, St. Klias, and hundreds of other extinct volcanoes may yet again blaze forth and destroy hundreds of thousands of people. They are at present asleep and sublimely in- active."

The old gentleman then took a long breath and a sip of claret and continued.

" The next great epoch is the Transition — "

" Proceed, sir, with the — "

"When light began to pierce through the deep mists of the exhaling and condensing atmosphere, and the mollusks and primitive vegetables came to life. This epoch is divided into lour periods: The Silurian period — isolated projections, only, beginning to gather around the accumulation which slowly formed the land divisions of the present time; shallow and extended seas, under which reefs and rocks were rising; a dim light, here and there, and the simplest forms of vegetable and crusta- ceous life — why a lobster salad, of which I am very fond, was the first thing I ever ate."

I at once called for a lobster salad.

"In the Devonian 'or old red sandstone) period, all things had perceptibly changed."

" How do you know of all this?" I involuntarily asked.

' ' I know of all this because I was one of the first men on earth," he replied, quietly.

"Hut you were not living at the age of which you speak?"

"O, no; but when I came into the world the foot- prints of time were fresher than they are to-day, and yet your modern men of science may tell you almost as much as I can. What I tell you are truthful results of my own knowledge and research; but science and unimpassioned investigation will corroborate all I say. Why, I '11 make you ashamed of yourself before I get through with you. young man."

"In the language of Yassar, you mean you will sit down on me."

"Hard!"

"Well, don't get vexed, old man: you know I must put in a word, once in a while, just to let you know there are two of us here — don't you see?"

"Shake."

"Shake."

"As I said before, during the Devonian period, all things had changed and advanced. The Primitive Tribo- lites, with their four-hundred faced eyes, of whose re- mains whole quarries were found, had given way to more perfectly articulated creatures: vertebrated life, as repre- sented by a considerable variety of fishes, also appeared. There had been, is yet, no forests, but now they began to show themselves: — first in the shape of gigantic f< then in asparagus trees, from forty to ninety feet in height, thus introducing the marvelous carboniferous era, which is divided into sub-periods — those of carboniferous limestone and of the coal measures. These periods were of unknown and incalculable lengths; it is estimated, however, that one hundred and twenty- two thousand four hundred years would be required to form only sixty feet of coal; the astonishing character of these calcula-

01

THE GOLDEN ERA.

tions appears when you bear in mind, young man, that the coal measures in Wales art- twelve thousand feet by actual trial. The characteristics of this period of won- derful provision for the latter ages were excessive heat, humidity and an equal and high temperature over the whole face of the earth. Owing to the inward heat there was no perceptible climatic difference between the poles and the equator. I have plucked flowers, pulled radishes and picked beans the same year at the equator and at the poles. Vegetation grew with a rankness and a rapidity that baffles conception. Bananas and pineapples, and all kinds of citrus fruits, which you may find in Central America to-day, grew in profusion at the poles at the time I speak. The Arctic ocean was as sunshiny and as navigable at that day as the Grecian archipelago is at present. But there were, as yet, no birds, no mammifers, no saurians. One or two varieties of muddy reptiles of small size appear, the principal of which is the Arehego- sauius minor, a queer thing, with a head like a pointed shovel. The Permian period was similar in its charac- teristics, but more progressive, a number of animals and vegetables being added — among the former of which may be noted the Productus Horridus, a nightmare abortion of slimy fertility."

The old party again took breath, and looked upon the wine when it was red, and I hazarded an opinion, thus:

' ' This general epoch unquestionably corresponds to that .Second Day, as recorded in the Sacred Book, in which God said, 'Let there be light!' — the influence of the sun being gradually admitted, according to your nar- rative, through the reluctantly subsiding elemental con- flicts of many years?"

" Many years! Many millions of years! Now comes the Secondary Epoch — divided into the Triasic, the Jurassic and the Cretaceous periods. This epoch intro- duces many kinds of forest trees; some of which were bigger than the sequoia and redwoods of California to-day; reptiles of appalling size, form and strength; and crus- taceans in such numbers that the greater part of the earth's surface is covered with them, and much of its substance composed of their calcareous remains. The salt and chalk rocks were found — the latter being com- posed almost entirely of minute crustaceans, as the analy- sis of any bit of chalk powder under the microscope indi- cates. The Secondary Epoch is the most marvelous of all the chapters of creation. Here are the great saurians; tin- Xothosaurus, the Ichthyosaurus, the terrible Pleio- saurus, and the dreadful Pterodactylus, to see only chilled one's blood. It was an epoch of ferocious terror. Of course, you know these creatures have all been found in fossil; with the remains of their species, as well as of others, within them, as they were probably overtaken in acts of carnage."

"Their conflicts in the midst of these convulsions of nature must have been fearful?"

" I should say so. Pleiosaurii and [chthyosaurii filled the seas. Innumerable ammonite; floated on the surface of the water — the nautilii of those days — sonic of them three and four feet in diameter. Turtles and crocodiles of tremendous size crowded about 'In- shores. The pres

sure of the atmosphere diminished, the earth was cooling off — something like climate was establishing itself. Vege- tation increased in forest forms, and palms and other trees appeared; and at last, in the Upper Oolite division of the Jurassic period, the first bird was discovered — the famous bird of Solenhofen — the feet and feathers of which have been found exquisitely lithographed in the Nevada and other quarries of the present age. A few other birds appeared in the latter part of this epoch, in the Cretaceous period, so-called because the rocks deposited by the sea during the process are almost entirely composed of car- bonate of lime from remains of shell-fish. In this period the great terrestrial saurians — the Iguanodon and Mega- losaurus — appeared, preparing the way in the uniformly progressive processes of nature for the gigantic mammi- fers which were next to grace the swelling scene."

The old gentleman was warming up perceptibly. He was in a glow, and beads of perspiration stood out all over his face. These accumulations he removed with a red silk handkerchief, then took a swallow of wine, and proceeded :

" The Tertiary Epoch follows, with the mighty Pachy- derms. Just observe, my friend, the course of nature: In the Primitive Epoch — chaos, convulsions, darkness; in the Transition — ferns, fishes, light; in the Secondary — trees, succulents, reptiles. Now, in the Tertiary, the whole face of the earth blooms, and the mammifers rule supreme — not few, nor small, but in countless numbers and of great size. Of the saurians and other reptiles we have only fossil remains; but of the mammifers, some have come down to a late day, preserved in Siberian ice, in the skin and sinews which they had in life. There are three divisions of the Tertiary Epoch — the Eocene, Miocene and Pliocene — indicating by their etymology that they are more or less remote from the Beginning and from the present. There were plants in these periods which are still represented on earth. The horse, too, appeared; and the mammoth, the remains of which you have seen in your museums. The mammifers, trees and flowers, now only found within the tropics, flourished where Franklin, Kane and Greeley sailed and explored, showing surprising differences of temperature between those days and yours. The mammifers of the time I speak fed upon trees. Of these, the Paleotherium mag- num, constructed from many fossils by Cuvier; the Xiphodongracilis, for which you are indebted to the same great naturalist; the Dinotherium, the Mastodon gigau- tus, found in North America in 1705, but fully collected and erected in 1S01 by Peale; and the Swaltherium, or four-horned stag, about as large as a modern-sized ele- phant, are among the more important. At the close of the Pliocene period tin- great landed divisions of the world, Europe and Asia especially, had gained very nearly their present outline."

" 1 shonld think that your — "

" Don't interrupt me ! For gracious sake let me pro- ceed. Don't you see, I am coming to the Quaternary Epoch, which is distinguished by a series of Europi deluges; the Glacial period, and by the appearance oi Man' Don't interrupt me. This epoch is divided into

THE GOLDEN ERA.

1 1

the Past Pliocene and the Present (or upper) Pliocene Periods. It is the era of Elephas primogenus, or Mam- moth, whose skeleton stands for wonder in the St. Pe- tersburg Museum, grandly rescued from Siberian ice; of the colossal Spelaceau bear, tiger, and hyena, of the pro- digious edentata; — the Megatherium, which burrowed in the earth, with limbs that could tear up the great trees of Mariposa like thread; and the Mylodon and Megylonyx, all of America. There were great convulsions all over the earth during this period. Deluges inundated many lands. Earthquakes turned over the mountains of Nor- way, and built up the Appenines and the Alps. Rivers were made and obliterated, and gorges like the Vosemite, Yellowstone, Hetch-Hetchy. Its Gorges de Trient, and others that are as well known, were created at a single- stroke. A great destruction of organic life ensued, but the devastation was nothing to what followed: A reign of snow and ice, which denuded a portion of Europe and all the corresponding belt of the world, with the region north to the pole. And this glacial action will in time destroy the earth, for there is a time coming when the magnificent cities of the world will be covered with eter- nal snow and ice."

" And when that takes place — "

"I tell you, sir, to cease interrupting me."

"But I wish— "

"Shut up, you scoundrel!"

' ' I am no scoun — "

" If you dare utter another word, you insolent ruffian, I'll brain you on the spot. I'd as leave kill you as I would a dog, you infernal — "

"Here he is!" "Here he is!" shouted a couple of men; and simultaneously they rushed upon and secured my companion.

"What are you doing, gentlemen? What do you want?" I cried, in great amazement.

"We want this runaway lunatic!" replied one of the assailants.

" He escaped from the syluin yesterday," added the other.

And they handcuffed him, and took him back to Stock- ton.

A METAMORPHOSIS.

SONNET.

In monotones against the winter skies, In distance purple, greenly-grey anear, The California mountains proudly rear Their peaks; tears fall from February's eyes On them — anointing magical ! Their guise Is changed. The ice-plant masses bloom anew, Like rose leaves set with pearls of frozen dew, They make on spaces vast a faint blush rise. The cactus swells her awkward fans in pride: The painted cup flames red; with sudden blaze Oenotheras light up the hill slopes wide. The orient's splendor now each peak arrays; It is with gold and scarlet beautified, And gleams with emerald and chrysoprase.

— Lenore Cc'>iiri/cw Schutze.

EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT.

PRELIMINARY ANNOUNCEMENT.

To Teachers and Students :

The San Diego County Board ol Education has de- cided to hold the Southwest Summer Training School at Corouado Beach from July 25 to August 15, 1892.

Arrangements are in progress to secure eminent teachers.

Tuition and board will be very reasonable. A de- lightful and instructive time may be anticipated.

Catalogues will lie mailed on request as soon as pub- lished.

Hakk W VGNER, Secretary County Board of Education.

The Annual Report or the Educational De- partment of San Diego has been received. It is neatly printed, and the arrangement throughout reflects great credit upon City Superintendent DeBuru and his aids. President W. J. Mossholder of the Board of Edu- cation makes the following brief but excellent report :

PRESIDENT'S report.

It affords me great pleasure to be able to report that in no previous year have the schools of San Diego made such progress as during that which closed December 31st last.

The total enrollment of pupils in October, 1890, the last month that the pupils on Coronado attended the city schools, was 2,190. The segregation of Coronado in October, 1890, took 202 pupils from our schools, and the number enrolled December 24th last was 2.2$$. This does not include those enrolled in the kindergarten de- partment, and shows that we have gained more than we lost bv the segregation of Coronado, and in addition thereto 325 kindergarten pupils, which indicates a very healthy growth of the population of our city.

After the passage, by the Legislature, of the act per- mitting the State school moneys to be used for the support of kindergarten schools, the Board adopted and incorporated the kindergarten system into our public schools, opened five schools, and employed five teachers for this work. Two others will have to be established in the near future, one in the central part of the city and one at Old Town. Industrial or manual training was also adopted by the Board as a part of the course of in- struction in the grammar departments, and an instructor in this work was employed who was educated at the Cogswell Polytechnic School of San Francisco. This instructor is at one building one day and the next at another, and admission to his work rooms is partly the reward for faithful work in the school room. Great in- terest is taken in this work by the pupils.

One of the needs of the Educational Department is a commodious building for the High School. This will be a necessity within the next two years. It should be more centrally located, and more accessible from all parts of the city, by car lines or otherwise, than is the build-

12

THE GOLDEN ERA.

ing now in use. The Russ building will be needed for a grammar school before a new high school building can be erected, considering the steps which it will be neces- sary to take to secure the funds and erect such a build- ing. It is necessary therefore that action be taken by this Board at an early day to secure such a building. The Middletown, B street and Sherman Heights build- ings are now used beyond their original capacities, the basements of these buildings having been furnished, and the overflow of pupils from the other rooms sent there. These basement rooms are not lighted as well as school rooms should be; therefore it is necessary that a high school building should be ready for use as early as possible.

The B street building was erected in 1889, and cost $26,750. The Eighth Ward building, just completed, is a duplicate of the B street building, but cost only $21,984. This would indicate that the cost of building is much less at present than in 1889, and that it would be a favorable time in which to secure a "new building for the high school.

I feel justified in saying that the seventy teachers now employed in our schools are second to none employed in this or any other State, and the Board has had only the interests of the youth of our city in mind when selecting these teachers, and we believe that their work is being well and conscientiously done.

The finances of the Educational Department have re- ceived very careful attention from the Board. It has been the policy of the Board to have our schools second to none in this State in everything which would assist the pupil in obtaining a common school education, yet the Board has furnished only the necessaries — not the embellishments. The Board has endeavored to have sufficient funds on hand to pay all debts incurred by it at maturity, and to not ask its employes to wait for mouths for their pay. Had the Board not given great care and attention to its finances our schools would have had to close, when a bank in our city closed a few months ago, in which a large amount of school moneys were de- posited.

The Board would be pleased to see more interest taken in our schools by parents of pupils as well as by our citi- zens generally. A parent ought to take enough interest in the edu;ation of his child t<> visit the school room and acquaint himself with the locality where his child remains five or six hours daily during ten months of the year.

The work of the Educational Department has grown to such an extent that it requires daily supervision. This the Board cannot give, but must rely upon the City Superintendent to perform these duties in addition to his office labors, and I am pleased to say that Superintend- ent DeBurn ably performs these duties, and to the satis- faction of the Board. During five days of the week his presence is required among the schools. Mornings, evenings and Saturdays he is at work in his office, where Mr. Tyler, the assistant clerk, labors from eight to ten hours a day, in fact he and the Superintendent often have to remain at their office until eight o'clock at night to keep up with their work. Win respectfully,

W. J. MoSSHOLDER.

EBB TIDE.

The tide went out — the cruel tide,

And left the naked breakers bare, With all the woes the world would bide

Proclaimed every wbere.

My love went out — ah. cruel tide.

And left my naked heart again With every grief the soul would hide

Proclaimed unto all men.

— Tin1 Lover, in Tmrii Topics.

YOUTH'S DEPARTMENT

OUR GEOGRAPHY NAMES.

C. M. DRAKE.

kiTI^HO gave the names to all these places, and why

VV did they give them such queer names?" said one of my boys, who had been studying the local geogra- phy of San Diego county.

''The Indians named many of the places; such as Otay, Cuyamaca and Pauba; the Spaniards or Mexicans named more than half of them, including the many named after the saints: and the later settlers have given most of our English names. As to the names being queer, I think that many of them are very pretty," I replied.

' ' But how came the places to have these names, and what do they mean ?" said the lad, whom we will call Roy.

" Many places were named after the people who lived there. Rainbow postoffice was named after Supervisor Rainbow, who was one of the earliest and most promi- nent settlers there. Foster's station was named from the owner of the Santa Margarita rancho, and so with many other places, such as Foster on the Cuyamaca railroad; Murrieta after its former owner, etc."

"Yes, and Perris and Winchester upon our railroad were named in honor of some railroad men," added Roy, "just as people named Mt. Whitney, Mt. Tyndall and Washington, after those meir. But why so many saints in San Diego ?"

"You must remember, Roy, that the early Spanish settlers and explorers were very religious people. Every man had his patron saint, and each day of the year had its one or more saints to whom that day was sacred. So if a navigator discovered a fine bay or a place on Saint James' day he called it San Diego. If Saint Bernard was his patron saint his ranch must be called San Bernardo. Thus the memory of Saint Hum- phrey is kept green by our San Onofre mountains and creek; Saint Margaret and the Bowers by Rancho Mar- garita y Las Flores; Saint Philip is remembered in the San Felipe rancho, and a do/en more saints in like manner.''

"Yes, I know San Mateo creek is named after Saint Matthew, San Francisco after Saint Francis, and San Juan after Saint John; San Marcus means Saint Mark, and San Luis Rev was Saint Louis the King, just as San

THE GOLDEN ERA.

13

Luis Obispo is Saint Louis the Bishop. But all places are not named after people," said Roy.

' ' There are very many names which describe the place in some way," said I, "and these names are more pleasing to me than those named after people, or that third class of names selected in memory of some other place, like Carlsbad (Charles' Bath), or because the name sounds well, as Linda Rosa. Point Lorua means hill point, and is very appropriate. Ballast point, where the empty outgoing vessels used to take in stones for ballast, is also good; Ballena mountain, which does look somewhat like a whale: Cuyamaca, which is a rainy region, as the Indians called it; Temecula, where the rising sun strikes earlier than elsewhere; Temescal, which is truly a sweat-house in summer — all these, and many more, are very suggestive."

"To be sure ! And Campo means a camp, and Potre- ro, a pasture ground, and El Cajon, the box; and Agua Caliente is hot water; Agua Tibia, warm water; and Agua Hedionda, stinking water," said Roy, after glancing at a list of names I had on my desk.

"See if you can find more descriptive names," said I, encouragingly.

"Yes, there is Oceanside, and Pacific Beach, and False Bay, and Escondido, (hidden) and Lakeside. And are Las Pulgas (the fleas) and valley of old women (Valle de las Viejas) and Vallecitos, (little valley) and Riucon del Diablo, (devil's corner) all descriptive, too ?"

"Certainly; and there are many of the Indian names that are descriptive, and mostly of some kind of water. In Jamul, Jamacha, andjapatul, the ja is water. Farther north jn becomes pa in Pala, Pauba, Pauma and Pa- chauga. The Indians would call one place antelope water because they had seen antelope there. Another would be the water where grew the reeds which they used in weav- ing their water-tight baskets. In another the taste of the water, its smell, its size, or some other thing would deter- mine the name."

"I think Capitan Grande is a good name for a mount- ain," said Roy. "That means the big captain: but there is no volcano in the Yolean mountains."

"Well, there are enough rabb its in the Couejo mount- ains, just beyond to make up for it. And the Coyote mountains are well named, too; and the Mescal valley, for its many century plants. But did you ever notice how many rivers and mountains are named from their color ? There are Blue mountains, Green mountains, Black Hills and White mountains in all languages. There are dozens of Colorado or Red rivers 'as well as White. Black, Green and Chocolate (brown) ones. Mataguagat is Diegeno, for red hill, too, I am told."

u "Why did they call the grant south of San Diego the National Ranch ?" inquired Roy.

"I have been told that it was first a reservation by Mex- ico for the horses, etc., of that nation, and hence was the Rancho del Nacion. But Tia Juana was not Aunt Jam- in earlier times, but was an Indian name something like Ti- wana, which meant the same as Del Mar — by the sea. But as Ti was uncle and that did not fit \x\\.h.Jua>ia, which the Spanish thought was the latter part of the word, they

corrected itto Tia Juana, which sounded all right to them. Many names have been corrupted in this way. while there are others which were once appropriate, but are now no longer so. Perhaps in fifty years from to-day people will wonder why Cholla (cactus) valley was so named, or Enci- nitas (little oaksi, or Alamos (cottonwoods). But what have you Learned from our talk about naming places?"

"I have learned." replied Roy, "that places are named, first, after people, such as residents, owners, discoverers or noted men. Second, after some quality or incident de- scribing the place. Third, to keep in mind some other place or home; and fourth and last, as many people name their children — s.>me ill-fitting name that sounds well."

ARBOR DAY.

Tree planting was very generally observed throughout San Diego county by the teachers and pupils of the public schools. This is the first time in the history of this State that a systematic effort has been made to observe an arbor day. At least 5,000 trees were planted. It is the intention of the Superintendent to carry (jut section 1 546 of the school law in every available manner. The teachers, trustees and school children are to be com- mended for their hearty co-operation.

PLANT ME A PALM.

Plant me a palm tree, plant me a palm.

It grows in the desert lands, And the traveler, fainting and doubtful, see-;

And praises with lifted hands.

Plant me a palm — a sacred palm.

It faith to the faithless shows; And out of the sands in our deserts of life,

The palm tree of victory grows.

— Madge Morris.

At the Middletown school, San Diego, a beautiful fan palm, preseuted by Stearns Scott, son of Chalmers Scott, was planted in the name of Madge Morris Wagner, by the class in the department of Mrs. Frances Xellis. The forty little children of the receiving class recited in concert her poem, "Plant Me A Palm.'

The following response to the children from the author (who was not present) was read to them by Mrs. Xellis:

"I thank you, little ones, for the pretty compliment you have paid me. I have received no other honor which I more appreciate, because the heart of a little child is true And I thank you for planting a palm. If I could make a speech I would like to make a speech to you, but I cannot: so I will write you some little things about the tree which you have planted in my name.

"There are more showily beautiful trees than the palm — all trees are beautiful, and all beautiful souls love trees — and there are trees of larger use: but there is no other tree in the world that has so many and such varied uses as the palm. There are more than five hundred species of it, and every particle of a palm tree, from the top-most tip of its leaves to the end of its fibrous roots, is

14

THE GOLDEN ERA.

used for some purpose. Hats are made of it, and bags and fans and mats, and clothes to wear, and thread to sew them with, and hammocks to swing in; and the people in its native countries cover the roofs of their houses with it, and cook the young plants and eat them; and burn the tree sometimes and use the ashes for salt; and wine is made of its sap, and oil, and wax that is just like beeswax; and butter and sago, and acids, and beautiful chemical crystals; and so many, many, things that you could not remember them all if I told you.

" It grows in a limited latitude, in both the old world and the new, and in the big island continent that is called Australia. In some of these places the palms grow to enormous heights, and have leaves fifty feet long. Think of a tree standing up straight and naked as a post, so tall that you would have to hold your little heads back to see the top of it — with a great bunch of leaves swaying from the very tip-top of it, each one of them fifty feet long!

" Some of the kind of palms, though, have not strengh enough to stand alone, and have to grow against some- thing to lean upon; and when they get too high they fall over — just as some people do. Don't be that kind of a palm.

"There are a few palms of the kind that you have planted that grow wild in California. I have a little baby palm in my garden that I dug up on the desert away out on the other side of the Cuyamaca mountains. I sometimes think it is lonesome for its desert, and does not like to grow in a garden. It grew in a little grove of palms — no other trees but just themselves — in an almost inaccessible desert canon. There were about fifty of the trees, I think, and some of them as tall as the taller of the two old date palms at Old Town.

"The ancient peoples believed the palm to be sacred. It was the sign of victory. And the gentle Saviour who blessed the little children blessed the palm tree too. Its history is as old as the history of time.

" I thank you again — and your dear and lovely teacher — for planting a palm in my name; it is my favorite tree. Shall I tell you why ? Because it is such a lonesome tree. I love it for its sublime loneliness. All the other beauti- ful trees that have been planted to-day grow in com- panionship with each other; great forests of them some- times. Their branches touch hands and their leaves whisper together when the winds blow among them, and they know each others language; and birds sing to them and bright eyed little animals chatter to them, and grasses grow and flowers blossom at their feet; and the murmurs of little crystal streams, and the songs of the mighty rivers are for them. Hut the palm tree grows alone out on the great, burning, barren, lonesome des- erts of the earth. No smile ol flower or voice of water or song of bird ever greets it; only the hot glare of the desert skies and tin- hot glare of the desert sands — and its language is the eternal silence of Cod.

Madge Morris Wagner."

Leland Stanford Jr. University. Score one for San Diego The young man is undoubtedly a genius, and if age carries out for him the promise of youth, his name will be one widely known.

A VISIT TO ELMWOOD AND SURROUNDINGS.

BY I. W. HOWERTH.

A WALK of about ten minutes from Harvard Square westward on Brattle street, past the Longfellow house, brings you to a short avenue, lined on both sides with gigantic elm trees, on one of which is a small sign bearing the word' ' Elmwood." Turning to the left you are soon before the house in which Lowell was born, lived, wrote and died. It is a large three-storied, yellow and white wooden structure, with old-fashioned windows and chimneys that look like ' ' The wind pipes of good hospitalitie." Before we go up the broad cement walk leading to the doorway, let us look about the grounds a little. They may be said to be a " park " of about thir- teen acres. Not like a city park, where everything is kept in perfect order, where each particular tree is made to stand erect and in line like soldiers in a military com- pany, and even the flowers toe the mark like little tots in a spelling class, but a genuine country park from which Nature has never been chased with hoes, and rakes and pruning knife and where the trees, grass and flowers have straggled about and assumed in many in- stances an unkempt and rakish look.

Lowell delighted in his grounds. Through the pine forest in the corner, along the little stream that trickles over the rocks, and across the wide lawn, are paths worn by his feet as he walked and dwelt in ' ' thoughts that echo through eternity." It is well known how he loved his elm trees — the "never unsympathizing trees" which grow thickly over the grounds. He has thus immortal- ized one of them:

" And one tall elm this hundredth year, Doge of our leafy Venice here, Who with an annual ring doth wed The blue Adriatic overhead, Shadows with his palatial mass The deep canals of flowing grass, Where glow the dandelions sparse For shadows of Italian stars."

The great heart of the poet was open to all the beau- ties of nature. Things animate and inanimate were his friends. " Why," said he,|

" Th' aint a bird upon the tree

But half forgives my bein' human."

Hut you are anxious to get into the house. Come on. Here we are in the great hall-way almost large enough for us to play "drop the handkerchief" — hardly large enough to play base ball.

William G. Young, of San Diego, son of Hon. Nestor A. Young, was unanimously elected college poet of the

;s.T No. X, II series of Biglow Papers. Hoses Biglow I litor of Atlan- tic Monthly: t think il isoneof the finesi things he, or an} one else has evei vvrl! ten

THE GOLDEN EKA.

15

Everything about us is grand in its proportions, like the generous and kindly nature of the poet.

To see the study we must go up the broad stairs, two flights. Here: high up in the southwest corner of the building, where the sunlight falls in spite of the bushy elms, is the room from which issued almost all of Low ell's poems. It is really a double room with long rows of books, statues, and painting and many precious sou- venirs. There is a fire-place between the two divisions, at which we may suppose the author sat on wintry nights to smoke and toast his toes.* A large round center table is covered with books and such other litter as a writer accumulates about him. Over the mantel is a large portrait of Mrs. Lowell, and on an easel is a picture of Mrs. Burnett, her daughter, who now occupies the house. Look out of the windows and you will see shim- mering in the distance the " Sliding Charles " that winds through the Cambridge marshes on its way to the sea. (See "Under the Willows.")

Southwest of the house is the great Mt. Auburn ceme- tery, a veritable city of the dead, where Lowell and Longfellow and Agazzis ; with many other illustrious people are laid away in ' ' breathless darkness and the narrow house." Lowell's children are there. It was of his eldest daughter, Blanche, that he wrote in the beau- tiful little poem "The First Snowfall." Mabel, who is also named in the poem, is the Mrs. Burnett to whom I have referred. She is Lowell's only living child.

Just here a bit of gossip, which I have learned from an old lady acquaintance who knew Lowell from childhood, may be interesting. While in college (Lowell was grad- uated from Harvard, as his father and grandfather had been before him) the poet became intimate with a young William White who had a rather distressing number of sisters. James and William seem to have scattered some wild oats about Cambridge, indulging in many little pleasantries not particularly indicative of the future poet. It is not necessary to mention these, for you might think them essential to the development of a great character.

Through William, James made the acquaintance of the sisters, and whether from a desire to lighten William's burden, or for more selfish reasons, I do not undertake to say, he married one of them. Her name was Maria. After her death he employed a governess to take charge of little Mabel. This governess was highly educated and good looking, but very poor. Lowell's family did not consider her on the same plane as themselves, and were somewhat indignant when — oh well, I am sure you have all guessed the rest of the story. This wife of the poet died in England.

But let us turn our attention again to the house' If these old walls could speak, they would to us "a tale un- fold." What memories cluster about the place. Great men af Ivurope and America have been entertained here. Washington has shared its hospitalities. The groans of wounded soldiers echoed through the house in Revolu- tionary times, when it was used as a hospital. Thomas ( (liver, the last roval Lieutenant-Governor of Massaehu-

-' ' poem iddressed 10 Charles Eliot Norton.

setts, a Harvard graduate of 1753, built the house in 1763 to 1767. This Oliver was president of the Council of Massachusetts, but was so obnoxious to the people that a mob of 4,0110 indignant men surrounded his house and persuaded him to resign. He left Cambridge and never returned. The house was then bought by El- bridge Gerry, who lived in it while he was President of tin- United States. Charles Lowell, father of the poet, was the next purchaser, and it has belonged to the family since.

As we leave the house and come up Brattle street we see many things that have been celebrated in prose or verse. The graveyard, the marshes, the sidewalks, the trees, even the dust of the streets, have been immortal- ized by Lowell, Longfellow, Holmes and others. How- ells has sent the horse cars, which pass us on our win- down the track of the ages.

Here is the spot where

"Under the spreading chestnut tree

The village smithy stood."

When the old chestnut tree was cut down a chair was made of its wood, and presented to Mr. Longfellow. The house in which Mr. Pratt, the village blacksmith, lived is still standing. Just across the street lived the poet, T. P>. Reed. Poets, novelists, historians, men of science and of statecraft have walked this street ever since the voice of Hooker and Whitefield resounded in the church over there, and the echoing tramp of the soldiers of Put- nam and Warren was heard in this "first camp ground o' the Revolution."

Lowell is our heritage. He is of use to us only in so

far as we make his thoughts and spirit our own. His

writings are full of beauty, wit and wisdom in which we

may all. rich and poor, equally share. They are all ours.

"A heritage, it seems to me,

A king might wish to hold in fee."

Not long ago I visited his grave in Mt. Auburn Ceme- tery. It is yet unmarked. It lies at the foot of the little hill on which Longfellow was buried. The two great poets are thus "neighbors in death as they were in life.'' As I stood there where the ground is worn smooth by the feet of reverent friends, and listened to the moaning of the wind through the elms that stretch their long arms over the grave, as if they would shield the friend who loved them so well, I thought how little, how infinitely little, is that part of Lowell that has been put under ground. I was regretting that I had never seen him when, sud- denly there came a thought as if it were a voice, like that heard at the tomb of a greater than he, "He is not here: lo, he goeth before you'' in every great cause: "there shall you see him."

The chief warder of one of our prisons said to a newly- arrived felon:

" You have the privilege of working at any trade you prefer."

" That will suit me exae'lv. I'm an aeronaut."

Another gentleman in the same institution wanted to be a sailor,

i6

THE GOLDEN ERA.

SUN GATE. Naming The Gate.

Call the parson and name the child,

Brim full of smiles — our household joy;

Father is proud, and mother glad,

When parson is naming the girl or boy.

Call the Captain to name the ship;

vShe is going to sail through St. James Gate. They have broken the bottle on her prow

And named her after her native State.

Call the country of freemen out;

Babies, nor ships we name to-day. Come parsons, captains — come one and all,

And give us a name for the gate of our bay.

I '11 give it a name to suit it well.

For the present time and the days to be As the sun shines through and ships sail in

Through the gates from the outer sea.

Flower gate would suit it well;

Fruit Gate, better still, if I may, I'd call it Sun Gate, and let this be

The name lor the gate of St. James Bay.

Utica, N. )"., Nov, //, rSp/,

-Isaac White

[The above poem, which has just arrived, probably tried to come by way of the Pacific Mail Steamship Co.]

The bills said it was a "purely ideal" — The an expurgated edition as it were — which

was probably the reason why so many Clemenceau boxes at Fisher's were full of gentlemen whose wives had headache, or something, Cask in and could not go. — Several boxes occu- pied to over-fullness! and not a lonesome Sw DiEGO. woman in them. Men most always like to go alone to "purely ideal " innocent plays.

This particular ideal, expurgated dramatization of the unholiest of Duma's unholy writing is not nasty enough to be funny, nor funny enough to be nasty; nor suffi- ciently indelicate to be forbidden the stage — as it was in New York — nor yet sufficiently indecent not to disap- point people's expectancy. It is the fine art of suggest- iveness — with variations.

THE KING Of ANNAM.*

The king of Annam has a hundred wives,

Dank-Khauh, the king of Annam; A churchman said to the kin-, said he, " If you could, what more would you have or 1m- '" And the king said, " Just 'Siam."

M. .1/.

[*] There is a pun in i hie pocui whii I) uooue bul the author has

v.i been able to disco; er.

THE GAIN.

Thou who hast gone before me, thou hast won More than the calm relaxing of all care; More than that dignity, unearthly fair,

That looms the death-couch over and upon.

The peace of sepulture, the benison

That broods above that hallowed acre, where Thy tomb lies hidden: these have small compare

With the soul-calm beyond the highest sun.

What hast thou gained, my lost one? Not alone That robe whose woof prepared of olden time Endows thy limbs with spiritual grace; But ministering at the sapphire throne, In usefulness heaven-favored and sublime, Thou lookst upon the glory of God's face.

—Frank Walcott Butt.

" Save me, save me !" she cried, as her head rose above the water, and she grasped a plank floating by.

" I beg your pardon," he replied from the Blackpool Pier, " but I want it distinctly understood that I'm a married man with seven children."

" Yes, yes; save me !" she shrieked.

"Then there'll be no falling into my arms and calling me preserver, will there ?"

" Oh, no, no !"

" And you won't insist on marrying me for my heroic conduct ?"

" No, no ! otdy save me !"

" All right, I'll tackle the job," he responded, as he threw aside his coat. " You see," he explained, just be- fore diving in, "I was caught b\r one o' these dodges once before, and that's how I come to be married. It me a bit particular."

The Normal Music Charts and Books for instruction in

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and complete instruction for writing English. Its chap- ter on punctuation is especially valuable.

Catalogue and price lists furnished >>n application.

SILVER, BURDETT & CO, Publishers,

6 Hancock Avenue, Boston, Mass.

THE GOLDEN ERA.

i;

LIBRARYJABLE.

Gov. J. N. Irwin lias written for the April Forum a review of the causes of the political change from Republican to Dem- ocratic ascendancy in Iowa.

A notable political article in the April Forum will be an explanation of the con- dition in which the Presidential campaign finds the Democratic party — "The Demo- cratic Outlook and Opportunity" — by Con- gressman Wm. L. Wilson, of West Vir- ginia.

The Century will take up the campaign for good roads. The April number is to contain a suggestive article on "Our Com- mon Roads," by Isaac B. Potter, editor of "Good Roads" and a practical engineer. The author points out the enormous loss to this country through the present general condition of American roads, a loss which falls not only upon the farmer, but upon city people as well, who are compelled to pay unnecessary prices for having produce brought to them.

One of the most important articles in the March number of the Atlantic Monthly is, "Why the Men of '61 Fought for the Union," by Major-General Jacob Dolson Cox (at one time Governor of Ohio, and Secretary of the Interior, and now Dean of the Cincinnati Law School), which fur- nishes another aspect of the principles involved in the contest between the North and South, and which will be read with interest by those who have enjoyed Pro- fessor Shaler's and Professor Gildersleeve's views on the same subject.

The Overland Monthly for April is to be unusually rich and varied in stories. The following are announced; "A Bit of For- gotten Biography'' (conclusion of the serial, Santa Barbara and Spanish Life), byQuien; "A Unique Ordeal" (what a young lady went through on Kearny st., in San Fran, cisco), by Isaline Lamaison; "On the Black Butte" (an episode of danger and heroism in the hill country), by Chas. E. Brimble- com; "Happenings in Old Calaveras" (a character story of mining days), by Wm. S. Hutchinson; "Th' Las' Furrer" (a do- mestic tale of Oregon), by Ella Higginson.

The most interesting articles in the New England Magazine for March are "Recol- lections of Louisa May Alcott," by Mrs. Maria S. Porter; "Harvard Clubs and Club Life," by William Dana Orcutt, and "Mil- waukee," by Captain Charles King, the military novelist.

The number for March begins the sev- enth year of The Forum, and for its sev- enth year several new enterprises in peri- odical work are announced. First and foremost, the "Silver Question." The dis- cussion of the silver question has reached its acute stage in Congress, and is in con- sequence before public attention in a more

serious form than ever before. The March number contains two papers on it — one by Mr. Bland, who makes his best argument for silver, and the other by Mr. Leech, Director of the Mint, who writes to show that in case of free coinage Europe would ilmii ii its silver on us.

Every painter and decorator in the United States should have a copy of the March, 1892, issue of The Decorator and Furnisher. There is a very practical article on the dec- orative uses of Anaglypta, in which they will be particularly interested. This article is from the pen of a well known London decorator, who is practically acquainted with the decorative uses of this new ma- terial for walls and ceilings. There are twelve illustrations of adaptable ceiling wall, dado and frieze designs in the Renais- sance, Gothic, Pompeian, Elizabethan and Adams decoration, and the practical hints given as to the use of the material are in- valuable to decorators.

In the April number of Lippincotfs Magazine appears a complete novel, enti- tled "But Men Must Work," by the popular author, Rosa Nowchette Cary. In the athletic series Julian Hawthorne sounds the praises of walking. A brief history of the leading Nihilists, by Countess Norrai- kow. Also short stories by Julian Gordon and George Edgar Montgomery.

Scribner's Magazine for March contains many noteworthy contributions. The opening pages have the widely announced last poem written by the late James Rus- sell Lowell, entitled "On a Bust of General Grant," which is in the vein of Mr. Low- ell's highest patriotism, ranking with the famous "Commemoration Ode." It in- cludes a facsimile of one of the stanzas, showing the author's interlineations. Those interested in artistic subjects will find two articles appealing particularly to their tastes — the third and concluding pa- per by W. A. Coffin on "American Illustra- tion of To-day." with examples of the work of Abbey, Reinhart, Smedley. Frost. Pennell, Bacher, Thulstrup, Pyle, Gibson, Looiuis, Sterner, and Van Schaick.

If graceful literary style, pretty fancy and startling themes can interest, then Tales From Town Topics, the- third (March) volume of which is now published, should find large favor. The book is certainly both dainty and bold in its tone, and, what with the witticisms and varied verse con- tained therein, should be quite worth any bright individual's perusal. Toiru Topics, 21 West 23d street. New York.

CHAS. A. CHASE,

DISPENSING CHEMIST,

PRESCRIPTIONS A SPECIALTY Comer Fifth and F Streets.

It is a popular mistake to suppose that cigarettes are always made out of sawdust. They are occasionally made out of tobacco.

From an election speech: "A genuine patriot should always be ready to die for his country, even though it should cost him his life." (Thundering applause.)

" 1^ it wrong to cheat a lawyer?" was re- cently very ably discussed by the members of a debating society. The conclusion ar- rived at was that it was not wrong, but impossible,

"Shall a husband keep his wife informed of his business affairs?" asks an innocent. There is no necessity. She will find out five times as much as he knows without 'lie least trouble.

Thompkins: " Poor Mrs. Peatterly seems heartbroken over her husband's death."

Mrs. Thompkins: " Yes, she's been ut- terly unable to find a pug to match her mourning."

MARSTON S.

/;/ a few days

the spring-time business will be in full tide. Welcome to the Spring, not only for the flowers and verdure of the fields, but also for the freshness and beauty of the clothes we may buy. In early April the most in- teresting place in the world is a dry goods store. There's a cheerful stir and bustle; customers and clerks are all alert and happy. The new goods are tossed out upon the counter with a swing of satisfaction. What tone and style in the light woolen fabrics! What bright freshness in the zephyrs and challies! What delicate beauty in the muslins and embroideries!

We merely hint at the attractions that will be found at Marston's. Their stock will be more complete than ever. Among the new things will be Waists and Suits, so pretty and cheap that you'll shout for joy. Summer gowns for you. all ready to put on and wear. Percalines. ginghams and sateens, correct in style and make, at prices only a trifle more than the cost of the ma- terials. Sorry for the dressmakers, but the world moves, and the greatest good for the greatest number is the watchword.

Let us also remind you of the handsome Capes that we shall show this season. Capes, Jackets, Blazers and Ulsters in all the new shapes and designs.

MARSTON'S.

Cor. Fifth and FSts.,

San Diego.

MI^S M. J. TRENNOUTH,

Fashionable Dressmaking.

Tailor System taught. Cutting and Fitting. Les- sons given in Drawn- Work and Embroidery. ARTISTIC STAMPING. The "Royal," eor. 4th and B Sts.. San Diego, Cal.

iS

THE GOLDEN ERA.

PUBLISHERS' DEPARTMENT. IMPROVEMENT THE ORDER of the ACE.

The Golden Era, Madge Morris Wagner, Editor and Proprietor, San Diego, Cal.

W.m. M. AVERELLi. Business Manager.

Palmer & Ret, Sole Ag< nis, 230 to 23a Temple Court, New York < !ity.

Fine china anil glass ware is now inter- esting our ladies of refinement more than ever before. Belleek china still maintains its position as the foremost art porcelain in American pottery products, and is shown this season in many new and attractive specimens of the richest styles of orna- mental decorations. White china for am- ateur decoration is something which is being produced in exquisite shapes, far exceeding any previous productions. The Palace Crockery Store is now opening their new importations, and you are respectfully invited to call and examine the newest.

Palace Crockery Store, Boyd & Stahel, 1019 1031 Fifth st., S.ln Diego, Cal.

We take pleasure in calling the public's attention to the fact that L. E. Gordon MacLeod, Principal of the Los Angeles School of Art and Design, has added a mathematical department to that well- known school, undei the able superintend- ency of Wm. A. Burr. C. E.. graduate of the Spring Garden Institute of Technology, Philadelphia. Also a special wood-carving class has been formed, under the able tutor- ship of M. Barnett. Address all communi- cations to L. E. Gorden McLeod, Principal, corner Third and Spring sts., Los Angeles.

"Onward and upward" is a watchword that if followed invariably leads to success; and so it is evident that Mr. Brenfleck, the enterprising proprietor and manager of the Silver Gate Bath House, is on the road to success by the many improvements that are being made at that well known resort for cold and hot salt water bathing. Among the many new improvements that have and are being made, we desire to call at- tention to the new family swimming tank, 26 by 42 feet. Mr. Brenfleck now lias four separate departments: First, gentlemen's swimming tank: second, ladies' swimming tank; third, family swimming tank: fourth, private rooms for hot and cold salt water baths. The appointments of the Silver Gate Bath House are the very best, and the lovers of .salt water bathing should not miss the opportunity of having a delightful swim at the Silver Gate Bath House, P. C. S. S. wharf, foot of Fifth street.

A SURPRISE. It is quite a surprise to know that [TATA SOAP, which t;i\es such good satisfaction for general household use. is of home man- ufacture.

.Mrs. Hniiv's new millinery has removed to 1134 Fourth street. Finest and most re liable stock of millinery in the city. We are now receiving^ our new spring goods. Ladies will do well to call and sec us before buying, as we lead in styles.

Stop using old-fashioned writing machines and secure the latest and Most Perfect

THE

CMITH PREMIER * * * * TYPE WRITE

Does Beautiful Work!

8

Makes no Noise!

Very Easy to Operate!

No Machine in the World can stand in Comparison with it.

Send for Catalogues, Prices, and List of Users

LEO E. ALEXANDER & CO., Agents,

til** Sansome Street,

Snn Francisco.

H. N. CREPIN, Physician and Surgeon

Cor. Fifth and H., San Diego, California.

Office hours, s to 1(1 a. m., and 1 to 4 p. m.

DR. J. R. DOIG,

Special Attention to Diseases of

Women and Children.

Office, Cor. C and Fifth Streets.

Horns, 10 to 12a. in.. 2 to Imii.1 i to8 p. in. Tel- ephone 101, Residence, 928 Sixth Street. Night Telephone, 104.

NEW UNITED ST. \TKS HOTEL

Corner Main and Requena Sts., Los Angeles.

HRST CLASS HOTEL.

EUROPEAN PLAN. Free 'Bus to Hotel from all Trains L. 31ESMER, Manager.

DR. W. S. READ,

DENTIST,

Pierce-Morse Bl'k, Cor. F and 6th St

Rooms 9 and io. Telephone 159. - San Diego, Cal.

E. W. SHERIFF",

DENTIST,

Fifth and D Streets, over Dodge & Burbeck's, San Diego.

PHILIPS & HARBISON

DENTISTS,

Office, Corner Sixth and D Streets, San Diego.

THEGRANmLE8ao«5&.c*

Private hotel, rooms only. Retired and central

THMilTHSONIAN K^cS

Mrs. s. E. Hughes. Secluded and central. Board and room

(;ENEVAKESTAn:.\NTlv.;\!!;!,!:;!:

S. W. Page. Prop. Between Main and Spring Meals 15 cents and upward. Los Angeles, Cal.

FOR LADIES ONLY. ,.U"'a S&SS

Secret that cost me I5.00,«£ a Rubber Shield for 30 cents. ' KINSMAN* CO.. 26 RIVERS! .CHICAGO, ILL.

1 have a positive remedy for the above disease; by its nsetlin'isauds of cases of the worst kind and of long standing luive been cured. Indeed so strong is my faith in itselncicy, that Iiv 1] s ■? dT .vo bottles free, with 0 VALUABLE TREATISK on this disease to any snf. i ,er who will send met heir Ex ristiiii i P. O. address.

T. A. Slocum, EI. «'.. 103 Pearl St., N. V.

Drs. Stockton, Valle & North-

RUP, Physicians, Surgeons,

Obstetricians etc.

Office, 626 Fifth Street. Telephone 12

]>K. C."~n7 LEONARD,

Dentist,

Only Ground Floor Dental Office in

the City.

Office, 949 Sixth St., San Diego.

(Rooms Eormet l\ occupied by Dr. (1. W. Barnes)

I CURE FITS!

Whpn I pay cure I do not mean merely to Btop them for a time and then have them return again. I mean a radical cure, I have made the d aease of FITS, KPI- LEPSY or FALLING SIOKN ESS a life-long study. I warrant my remedy to cure the wonst cases. Because others have failed is no reason for not now receiving a cure. Seudat orce for a treatise and a Free H>>ttloof my infallible remedy. ( rive Express and Post Office. EI. «. HOOT, I>I. C. 183 Pearl St.. N. Y.

STRAHLMAN & CO., The Druggists,

COR. FOURTH & D STREETS.

Fresh Drugs, Perfumery and Toilet Articles

AT reasonable prices, prescriptions accurately, prepared,

19

THE GOLDEN ERA.

EDUCATIONAL * DIRECTORY.

LOS ANGELES.

Los Angeles University for Both

sexes. On Temple Street car line.

Collegiate, Preparatory and Training School De- partments. Send tor Catalogue.

CALVIN ESTEK1.Y,

P. O. Box 2893,

Los Angeles, Cat.

School for Dancing-.

SAX IMI.i.n

Private Lessons and Select Classes in Dancing Refinement of .Manners.

Under the personal supervision of Find personally taught bj Mli. HENRY J. KRAMER.

Teacher of Stately Parlor Dancing, Figure" ol the Cotillion, Carnival Marches Fancj Charac- teristic Dances. 3 .3 and :>i:;'i s. Main St.

W. Thurston Black,

University of Southern California

College of Liberal Arts. Address, W. S. MATHEW, D. D„ Vice-Pre ident.

St. Vincent's College.

A Boardidg and Day School for Boys and Young

Men. Course, Classical, Scientific and Commercial. Spanish, French and German taught. Terms for Board, Lodging, Tuition, etc., for term

of five months, $140.00. Fall term begins September 6, 1891.

A.J. MEYERS, C. M.. Pres.

St. Mary's Academy.

In charge of the Sisters of St. Joseph. A Day School for Young Ladies.

York street, near Grand Avenue.

School of Sisters of Charity.

Boarding and Day School.

SISTER JOSEPHINE, SUPERIORESS.

Boyle Heights.

Los Angeles Business College.

Experienced Teachers. Complete Course of Studv.

E. R. SHBAItER, I. N. IN8KEEP, F. W. K F.LSF.Y, Proprietors.

144 South Main Street.

Woodbury Business College.

For Catalogue and specimens of Penmanship,

address, HOUGH, FELKER & WILSOE, Proprietors.

245 South Spring Street.

Los Angeles School of Art & Design.

(Incorporated).

L. E. GARDEN-MACLEOD, Principal.

Corner Spring and Third Streets.

S. H. St. John, Artist.

Special Portrait Work after the French School.

121 Bryson Bonebrake Block.

Mrs. M. L. Peck,

Studio.

Teacher of Oil Pastel,

China and Clay Modeling.

321 South Broadway.

Dancing Academy at Illinois Hall.

School < >pen all the Year.

PROF. E. W. PAYNE, Instructor, assisted l>>

Mrs. Payne. Residence. Room 4, Illinois Hall, 6th & Broadway.

Musical Studio.

Instructions given in all different branches bj

the bes' artists, under dire, tions of B. BERG

( or. Main and Fifth Street -

Port rait Painting.

Studio, Bakesto Block, cor. H and Fifth Sts.

( ail Meisel,

Instructor mi Violin. MRS.CARL MEISEL,

Voice Culture, \ppiani Methid. GERTRUDE I HRISTIE, Teacher on Piano.

.Music Rooms, Aliyn Block,

Fifth and E Streets. Suite 17.

Edward Fl. Coll. \ .

School of Physical Culture.

PHYSICAL STRENGTH GUARANTEED to nervous and internally weak women and children.

MRS. E. A. PINGREE. 75 New Wilson Block.

R. S. Ewing's Art Studio.

Portraits in Oil, Water Colors and Cravon. Miniatures on Ivory.

•Jsand 'J'.'. W iIm.ii Block.

Guy Bedford.

Artist.

Cravon Portraits a Specially. Lessons given.

Studio, 248^ South Spring Street.

W. M. Short.

Crayon Artist.

Instructions Given, Drawings Made, Pictures En-

larged to any size, etc.

Studio, Room 68, Wilson Block.

or of Spanish and French Literature in state Literary Institute of Chihauhua, Mex. Teacher of Spanish In San Diego High School.

Room 7. Richelieu Block.

Vocal Culture and Instrumental

el Ion on Piano, i >rgan. Guitar, etc,

\v. AMENDE, Address Birkel's or Lena' Music Store.

Mrs. Lucia Powers Woods.

Select School.

S.F.. cor. Beech and Second sts . San I >iego,< 'al.

Languages, Normal and class Teaching.

Miss A. Louise Rumsey,

shorthand and Typewriting.

Literary, Commercial and Legal Work.

Room 4, Methodist Church Block. Cor. It and Fourth sts.. San Diego

The New Art Gallery and Studio.

MR. and MRS. WM. LEMONS. Artists. Visitors are welcome to call and examine the work Orders taken for painting on any material. A fine line of Hand-Painted SOUVENIRS for

sale at low prices; Orange on orange wood.

Sprays of Pepper Berries, California Wild

Flowers, etc. Self-Instructor in Painting for sale, 50 cents.

2(5^ South Main Street

Shorthand

May be learned at home from the AMERICAN MANUAL OF PHONOGRAPHY, for self- instruction, by Elias Longley, the eldest living reporter in the U. S.; price 75 cents.

Lessons given by mail at a small cost.

Write for terms, etc. LONGLEY INSTITUTE,

Cor. of Spring and First Streets.

St. Hilda's Hall,

Glendale, six Miles North of Los Angeles.

A High Grade Boarding School for Girls.

The finest sol 1 building in California, Loca- tion unrivaled for health. Beautiful grounds

Industrial. Special and Collegiate i otirses. Full Faculty.

Address, MISS K. V. DARLING.

Glendale, « alifornia.

California College,

i tpen for both sexes with a Full Corps of Teachers. The Fall Term opens August 15, 189L Full Academic and Collegiate Courses, < onserva- torj of Music, etc.

SAMUEL B. Ml IRSE, I 'resident.

Ilighlanl Park. Oakland, Cal.

Ludlam School of Oratory and

Arts An Incorporated School giving a thorough course in Elocution and Physical Culture, Vocal and Instrumental Music, Painting and Lit- erature, History and Rhetoric, Ancient and Modern Languages. Y. M. C. A. building.

Los Angeles Conservatory ol M usic

Devoted to Music in all its Branches: also Art,

Elocution and Languages. Sole Agents for Virgil's clavier and Brotherh 1

Technicon for Southern California. MRS. EMILY J. VALENTINE, President.

Cor. 7th and Olive Streets

Mrs. S. M. Swan.

International School of Music. A three years' course in thirty lessons guaranteed. Agents for Rice's Phi'osophical system of teaching. 119 West Twenty-fourth Street,

Los A Dgeles, Cal .

Union Academy,

Workman Block, Rooms 13-44, j:iOU South Spring Street, between Second and Third A 1 'a\ and Night School for young Gentlemen and Ladies. Students prepared for Stanford's and other universities and colleges. Private Instructions given in Mathematics and Languages.

C. L. GREEN, A. B., Prin.

H. L. LUNT, A. M-, Associate.

Marlborough School.

Select Boarding and Day School for Girls and

Young Ladies Tuition S500 iter >car. Number of pupils limited to Twenty.

West Twenty-Third Street.

The Stockton Business College,

Leads all schools of the state in the advantages

offered to students, cheapness ot expense

and its home influence.

Address, W. C RAMSEY.

Jones' Book Bazaar,

Bins. Sells and Exchanges

BOOKS OF ALL KINDS. The Largest Stock Kept in Los Angeles.

226 We-t In-: s.reet.

Los Angeles, Cal.

P. L. Abel's Bicycle Riding School

Hours of Tuition, 9 to 12 a. m. and 2 to 5 p. m. Sixth and Broadway, Illinois Street,

Los Angeles, I al

Fowler & Colwell,

SEW AND SECOND-HAND BooKS Bnl'liHT Sold and Exchanged. Special attention given to ordsrs by Mail.

Ill West Second Street.

Los Angeles. I al

I'd ward T. Cook,

Bookseller. Stationer and School Furnisher.

140 North Spring Street. Telephone 918. Los xngeles, CaL

THE GOLDEN ERA.

20

Kensington Art Studio k Decorative Art,

GHENELLE, ARRASCENE,

SILK EMBROIDERY,

INDELIBLE ETCHING, Etc.

Orders by mail promptly attended to. Lessons given.

MRS. R. P. INGRAM, 429 South Spring Street, Los Angeles, Cal,

BERAKD BERG'S

ACADEMY OF MUSIC.

Cor. Main and Fifth sts., Los Angel) S.

Instruction given in all Musical Blanches,

Very Best of Teachers!

Musical Reception

Is given every Wednesday and Saturday Af- ternoon.

^r^ AstDTiry Sflortliaiiu School.

PARLORS 49, 50 AND 51, »j( Phillips' Block, Spring Street,

LOS ANGELES.

^TSend for Catalogue.

NSTRUCTIONS.

San Diego farwcial College,

SAN DIEGO, CAL.

For Circulars address

O. P. Koerting, Principal.

P. O. Box 723.

DAILY SAN DIEGAN,

only Democratic Daily south of Los Angeles

A. McCRIMMON, Proprietor.

Delivered to any part of the city at 50c. per

month, or $6. 00 per year.

WEEKLY SAN DIEGAN

.Sent to any address, - .$2.00 per year

The Continental Commercial Agency,

EDWIN A. WELLS, Manager.

955 Fifth St., Room 5, - - - San Diego.

We make a specialty of the business of Non-resi- dents. All legitimate collections will receive prompt attention.

References— California National Bank; Hank of Commerce: First National Hank. P. ( >. Box 954,

AT • FOLKS •

mine **Antl*©ornulene 1*11 Im" lose 15 Iba. a

month. T hey ■ mi .- 1 ki in mi. '.i, contain no poison and never foil. Sold t>y Druggist* everywhere or lent by mail. I 'a; ti. u- Iwi (sealed) 4c WILCOX SPECIFIC CO., Fhlla., Pa.

and exiii-ii^^TjiidB

anj actft e person > < I 11 goods. 8-40 a .Month to distribute circulars. Salary pnuil onthly. Sample of our gootis andeontracl free. s<-m)B c. for postage, packing etc. WE MEAN BUSINESS.! NION SUPPLY CO., 2S & V$ RIVER St , CHir Aoo, 1LL.1

I

1

■in

S80AMONTH

VARICOCELE

A simple but certain recipe for self cure

1 sentFreetn anv suf- ferer, thus. E. CTaus, Box 175, Mursball, Mich

FISK TEACHERS' AGENCIES:

7 Tremont Place, 6 Clinton Place, 100 Wabash Avenue, 402 Richardson Block,

Boston, Mass. New York, N. Y. Chicago, 111. i hattanooga, Tenn

2 Washington Building, 120}£ South Spring Street,

Portland, Ore. Los Angeles, Cal.

LOS ANGELES TEACHERS' AGENCY,

C. C. BOYNTON, Manager. I20j4 South Spring St., Los Angeles, Cal

Twenty years' experience in teaching, superintendence, and supplying schools with teachers qualify me to aid trustees in selecting good teachers.

Write your wants fully. C. C. BOYNTON

Los Angeles University,

FOR 13 O T M

CALVIN ESTERLY, President.

S E X 13 S

P. O. Box 2893

Pall Term— September 1st to December 17th, 1891. Winter Term— January 5th to March 24th, 1892. Spring Terh— April 3d to June 'SM, ls'.ci. students received at. any time. Regular De- partments—Preparatory and Collegiate. Special Departments— Music, Art and Elocution.

Special attention given to preparatory Training, Mubic, Art and Elocution. Moral, Mental, and Physical Culture are considered equaily important.

Come and see for > ourself, that in favorable location, careful management and excellent results tin* school has advantages to commend it. Take Temple Street Cable Line. Charges for School Year (not including vacations), $225. Special departments extra. Send for Catalogue.

90 cents

50 cents

$1.00

$1.00

LATEST ISSUES.

Davies's New Elementary Algebra.

By Charles Da vies, LL.i)., edited by J. H. Van Amringe, Ph.D., New edition.

Cloth, 12mo, 294 pages, just out, --------

Laboratory Manual of Chemistry.

By .fames E. Armstrong and James H. Norton. 12mo, cloth, 144 pages. Just published. Slump's History and Science of Education.

By William j. Shoup, M.S. 12mo. Cloth, 303 pages -

Harper's Inductive Latin Primer.

By Dr. W. R. Harper and I. B. Burgess, A.M. Cloth, 12mo, 424 pages, illustrated Harper and Tolman's Caesar.

By Dr. W. K. Harper and H. C. Tolman, Ph.D. Cloth, I2mo,502 pages, 60 illustrations.

9 colored maps -------.___

Appletons' First Lessons in Arithmetic.

By A. J. Rickoff, LL.I)., - -.-....

Winslow's Principles of Agriculture.

By IsaacO. Winslow, A.M. Cloth, 12nio. Illustrated. - Stewart's Plane and Solid Geometry*

Bj Seth T. Stewart, A.B. 12mo. Cloth. 406 pages. -

Peter in an's Elements of Civil Government.

By Alexander L. Peterman, Cloth. 12mo. 224 pages -

Appletons' School Physics.

By John D. Quackenbos, A.M. M.D.; Alfred M. Mayer, Ph.D.; Silas W. Holman, S.B.; Fran- cis E. Nipher, A.M.; Francis B. Crocker, K.M.; cloth. l2mo ----- $1.20 Maxwell's Advanced Lessons in English Grammar.

By W. H. Maxwell, Ph.D., 12mo, cloth, 886 pages ------ 60 cents

Harkness's Easj Method for Beginners in Latin.

By Albert Harkness, Ph,D., LL. I ». Cloth, L2mo. Illustrations. 348 pages - $1.20

Coy's Greek for Beginners.

By E. G. Coy, M.A. l2mo, cloth, pp. xvi., 152 - -Luc

Lindsey's Sa1 ires of Juvenal,

By Thomas B. Lindsey, Ph.d. l6mo, half seal. Pages k\ i.. 226. Illustrated. - $1.00

Send for descriptive circulars. Write also for our circular of $5.00 and $10.00 School Libraries for pupils and teachers It will interest you. All circulars and catalogues free. Correspondence cordially invited. Address .A.. 1^. t»UNX, N. W, Cor. Pine and PatterySts., San Fran- cisco, Cal., agent for American Book Company. New VTork, Cincinnati, Chicago.

$1.20 36 cents 60 cents

$1.12 60 cents

TThe Library of American Literature

It will pay you to find out by writing to C. LWEBSTER & CO., 67 Fifth Ave., New York. I

ByE.C.SUd-

man and K.M.I Hatchlason.

21

THE GOLDEN ERA.

CAN DIEGO BUSINESS COLI.EKK,

■J Bancroft Block, 5th cfe G, San Diego, Cal.

IIVST RUCTION

lommer- eial Law, Arithmetic, Business Fin-ins, Letter

Wr ., Snglish, Actual Business, Banking,

Shorthand and Typewriting, n.-f ening

sessions with equal ad

Terms reasonable. N. I. PHILLIPS, Principal.

THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.

OF PHILADELPHIA.

V.. M. Needles, Prea. Henry ('. Brown.Sec.-Treae. II. S. Stevens, Vice-Pres. Jesse J. Barker, Actuary.

ASSETS, $16,574,861,00.

.1 Purely Mutual Company, with no Stock holders to absorb its earnings.

Surplus Returned Annually to Policy-Holders to Reduce Premiums or Increase Insurance.

The Official Reports show the Penn Mutual to be one of the leading companies in the country. Its returns of surplus have been more in number and of a larger average per cent than those of any other.

This company issues all approved formsof con- tracts adapted to every legitimate need ; for pro- tection, for investment, and for both; for long or for short periods, at the lowest, sure rates.

Its policies arc squarely reciprocal, free from ambiguity and objectionable features, absolutely nonforfeitable and incontestable.

For particulars, call on or address.

A. W. SMENNER,

General Manager for Southern California. Office, Marston's Block, Cor. F and Fifth Sts. SAN DIEGO, CAL.

U3F*'Good Solicitors wanted for this Company.

IToTEL AMMIDON

1951 Grand Avenue,

Los Angeles, California

First class in every particular. No better private hotel in Los Angeles. Cable cars pass the door. Telephone 964.

varicocele;

1 The recipe of a posl- 1 tive lusting remedy w for self euro son t Free to any sufferer. J. I>. HOUSE, Box 100, Albion.Mich.

ECONOMY PRINTING CO., (INCORPORATED.) very kind of Printing Done.

BOOK WORK,

NEWSPAPER WORK,

MAGAZINE WORK, ETC.

I^-The Golden Era is printed at this office.

B. M. GILDEA, M. 1)., I). D. S. Surgeon Denti s,

531 1 6th Street, Corner of H. Over Boseher's Drug Store, San Diego I

AND ENGLISH TRAINING SCHOOL

Is an institution of tin- highest grade : is incorporated, and is prepared to

GIVE 'I'm. BEST INSTRUCTION AND TB UNING IN

Bookkeeping, Commercial Arithmetic, Commercial Law.

Orammar, Correspondence; Penmanship, Short Hand, Type Writing, Telegraphy, Assaying,

And all the Common English Branches.

Its Actual Business Department is new, improved and greatly superior to any of its old methods. In its Penmanship Department there are two expert penmen, wb< show as tine specimens "f both plain ami ornamental pen work as can be produi the coast. Its thorough daily recitations, close personal attention and ft views places it in the front ranks of the popular educational institul ions of this coun- try, The age, superior qualifications, and wide experience of its large and well know faculty gives it a commanding influence not held by institutions managed by a \ ■■ ami inexperienced faculty. Its teachers are graduates, with distinction, of schools as Bryant's Chicago Business College, Heald'sSan Francisco Busini Delaware Business College of Delaware, Ohio, North « Illinois, and Columbian University of Washington. D. < '.

Address all inauiries to

143 South Main Street, Los Angeles, Ca'

And Receive a Prcv E. R. Shradek, Pres. P. W. Kki.sky. Vice-Pres. I. X. Inskeei-,

anv

Los Angeles Lithographic Company

48 and 52 Banning Street, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

Labels for Raisin Boxes, Fruit Cans, Etc.,

A SPECIALTY.

Office Stationary anc! Druggists' Labels to Order.

ALDA M. FERRIS,

POPULAR : DRUG : STORE.

Exclusive agency for Mrs. Gervaise Graham's complete line.

CORNER FIFTH AND J STREETS.

Mail orders from the country promptly filled. Prescriptions receive the? personal attention of the proprietors, day and night.

Pacific Livery and Boarding Stables.

/-.'. F GODDAh'T). Proprietor. Elegant Street and Call Carriages. Careful Drivers.

The Finest Double and Single Turnouts in the City. Boarders Given No. I Care. Trices

ionable. Satisfaction Guaranteed.

Cor. Third and F Streets. Telephone No. 27.

San I)

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THE GOLDEN ERA.

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Positive and Negative blectric I in the

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singly c«se. I used with the lii l ;«J ' -

fornia and i !alifornia Positive and N'egati* e Electric

Builder, manufacture Co. Los Angeles, Cal. $10 worth n( i in will cure any case of Catarrh and most anj of Co] sum] ' ion.

Dr. G. \. stkvi ison b practiced

medicim '-' year and acknowledge the powerol the < 'all fornia Positive and Negative *■ leetric Rem- edies; have cured myself and twoof mj children of Catarrh.

Drs. Au.en & Allen, Los Angeles say: The California Positive and Negative Electric Reme- dies are wondi rful in destroying reuse them and ;,d\ is<* i heir us,-. Dr. D. W.Baughan, Newhall, Cal., says: I use he California Posi tile and Negative Elee ric Rem- ray practice and recommend their use; crivi sfaction. 'iiii'kzksijs :— I use in my practice theCal- '•osiini' and Negative Electric Remedies ; 1,,-ui the best remef "s in the world, and ■ ;o i lie s.\ stem.

■ ngele8, s,.\ s. Was cured of ( 'a-

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e case ol I iatarrh I had t»i nty

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CREASINGER & CO., Props.,

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;■ .-old by all Druggists.

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California Mortgage, Loan and Trust Company,

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The Leading Pianos

of the World !

Pianos from $100 upwards. Organs from $35 upwards. Every instrument guaranteed for five years, and sold on a long time ii de- ee the new improved patents on all our pianos Old instruments taken in exchange.

Thompson & Mcdowell,

.Mann E 8 Dd I Till- :

Carriages and Wagons,

OF ALL KINDS. Best of Material used and in constant supply. Repairing promptly done at

reasonable rates.

Office and Shops, 531 to 533 Sixth St., Uct. H and I. phone 207.

CHEMICAL

STEAM DYKING

AMI

CLEANING WORKS. OUR WORK EQUALS THE BEST.

J. NAUMAN, Proprietor.

943 Sixth Street, between K and 1\

SAN hIEQO.

C. W. MAXSON,

Land, Loan and Insurance Ageucy.

Agent? for Escondido and San Marcos Land ( lompanies.

Som

DENVER,

Time from

PULLMAN 1\. SAI

EVERY

Personal

OCEANSIDE,

CALIFORNIA.

Reference by Perniission; Bank 0 First National Hank, Canon City, Colorado.; Fir t National Hank of Los Angeles; Firs! National Banket Sin Diego; A. A. Ball & Co., Bankers, West Liberty, Iowa.

A. E. D0DS0N,

Life and Fire Insurance. Notary Public. Commissioner of Deeds.

Government Land Matters a Specialty.

Railroad Tickets Bought, Sold and

Exchanged.

915 Fifth Street.

San Diego

PLUMBING

TINNING PUMP WORK REPAIRING

Walter E, Williams

732 Sixth St.

Between F and G.

sax 1 n i;<.< 1.

VETERINARY ] SE SHOEING SHOP,

If, C. Troy

Proprietor.

All diseased 1 lie fool Skillfully Treated.

Lame and Interfering horses a specialty.

I, st. bet. H ami 1. San I

■ANSY PILLS!

LEAYE C\

Pulln an Tourist peted and curtaini pillows and lunch tal • to attend to the condor

SAX

Makes 48 hours quiCi jggT Rates for these exxi . ,ons <. fornia to the East. For lull mfoi i

H. B. k

F« 1111 • or C. A. WARNER. 1:5 North Spring St.. Los K. 11. WADE, General Manager. S. R. HYNES,

M. A. WERTHEIMER & CO

Stationers,,

Booksellers,

Paper Dealers,

Scho< >1 Furnishers.

COMPLETE STOCK IN ALL DEPARTMENTS

Agents for San Diego County tor Andrews' Improved Triumph and Tri- |a8&ffi» Bvu^s^S^eZ? rato^ lumph Automatic Desks. Zell's Encyclopedia, Bancroft's Object Charts, etc.

;ra.

*eler. 845 Fi St,

. L. ABEL'S

i'l AND RIDING SCHOOL

Jroadway and Sixth Street, LOS ANGELES.

Send for circulars ta**

FERRIS BROS^

MMof«ciurir», 341 Broadway"

"eneral Agent for Eagles, Hum- tcfb, Ormonde, Sylph, Psychos, Vic- tors, Hartfords and Hickory, and Sun- dries of all kinds.

PUR^ ICE,

FROM LAKE TM

Far Superior to Chemical Ice

UNION ICE CO.,

Offlre. Foot of E si .

RANCHMEN!

We pay the highest market price tor your pro- duce. We guarantee all our$oods. We will treat you in such a manner as to indui e you to come again. Call aud see us at

1125 SIXTH ST., BET. B AND C.

HASLAMBROS., - - GROCERS.

LLEWELYN'S

Is the best place in Sau Diego to buy your

BOOTS AND SHOES.

72 S Fifth Street, Between F and G.

San Diego Lumber Co.

All kinds of Lumber at Lowest Mar- ket Prices.

PHILIP MORSE, Sec. and Mngr. Yards, L Street, bet. Fifth and Sixth

THE NEW

230 South Main St..

EOS ANGELES, CAL.

The most complete

TURKISH AND

ELECTRIC BATH!

In Southern California. C S TRAPHACEN Prop.

A CARD

To the Citizens of San Diego.

A Few Facts Which They Should Know. 1st. Thai M. German's is headquarters for DIA- MONDS.

2nd. That we carry the LARGEST stuck of WATCHES on the 1 Coast,

Srd. We REPAIR JEW- ELRY and WATCHES most carefully at the most reason- able in

4th. ( mr Silverware is the FINEST made in Amer- ica and thi

inent on this Coast at the LOWEST PRICES.

5th. Our Optical Dei ment is under the charge of a skilled occulist and la thorough optician. This gives the custom 1 r tl fit of an eye doctor without extra pay, included. Mag- nifyingGla n copes,

Field and Opera Gle Telescopes, Barometers, Al- titude Ban LASS EYES, etc.

6th. That Europe, and America all contribute to our collection of ART GOODS. Our frequent trips to the East and Europe en- able us to always oil newest and choisesi produc- tions and the fact is now be- coming; universally known that the PI ikfor

our ART I

TURES are I.OWl.i; they are East.

7th. We malic a - IALTY of WEDDIN I PRES- ENTS, consisting of NOV- ELTIES, practicllay with- out limit, something to suit every taste, presents that will till the heart with joy. To look through the splendid assortment is price the goods is a pies and to posses them is a privi- lege.

8th. OUR BIG HIT the Watch Club. Nearly one thousand of San Diego's BEST CITIZENS belong to our Watch and Dia Clubs.

9th. 800I1 need

not go thirsting tor FINE NOTE I'Al'ER and ENVE- LOPES, ns we have toourstoi .. te line

of fine cot

tionery, wed ptlon,

visiting aud birridaj cards.

I, New 1 COPPER aud STEEL EN- GRAVING for society and Business Cards, W< Invitations, etc. We also do the printing. Send for Cttt-

gue press or mail.

M. GERMAN,

si:, Fifth Streel

-

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