*^

The Great Basin Naturalist

VOLUME XIX. 1959

Editor: V Asco M. Tanner

Assistant Editor: Stephen L. Wood

Assistant Editor: Wilmer W. Tanner

Published at Provo, Utah by
Brigham Young University

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Volume XIX

No. 1 May 30, 1959

New Species of Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae),

Mostly Mexican. Part V. by Stephen L. Wood 1

Notes on the (ienus Lordotus Loew, with Descriptions of
New Species (Diptera: Bombyliidae), by D. Elmer
and Lucile Maughan Johnson 9

Carl Linnaeus' Contributions and Collections, by Vasco M.

Tanner. Illustrated 27

Background Radiation and Endemic Faunal Range in the
San Luis Valley of Southern Coloraddo, by Joseph C.
Daniel. Jr. and R. Leonard Blain. Illustrated 37

Nos. 2 and 3 November 28, 1959

Descriptions, Synonymy, and Check-List of American
Hydrometriddae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), by Carl
J. Drake and David R. Lauck 43

Descriptions of a new Species of Eucyllus (Coleoptera:

Curculionidae). by Vasco M. Tanner. Illustrated 53

New Records and Species of Arizona Bark Beetles (Col-
eoptera: Scolj^tidae), by Stephen L. Wood 56

Description of a New Tenebrionid (Coleoptera) from Glen
Canyon. Utah, by Edward B. Sorenson and Robert C.
Stones. Illustrated 62

No. 4 December 31. 1959

Taxonomic Notes on North American Beeflies with Des-
criptions of New Species, by D. Elmer and Lucile M.
Johnson. Illustrated 67

A Collection of Herptiles from Urique, Chihuahua, by
Wilmer W. Tanner and W. Gerald Robison, Jr. Illus-
trated 75

Life History Notes on Parabacillus coloradus Scud., by

Wayne Saunders 83

Index to Volume 19 85

MUS. COMP. ZOOL
LIBRARY

MAY 1 9 1960

HARVARD

HiiiiirnciTu

The

Great Ba

LISflARY

JUN2 91959

Volume XIX

May 30, 1959

No. 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

New Species of Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Most-
ly Mexican. Part V, by Stephen L. Wood 1

Notes on the Genus Lordotus Loew, with Descriptions of
New Species (Diptera: Bombyliidae), by D. ELmer and
Lucile Maughan Johnson 9

Carl Linnaeus' Contributions and Collections, by Vasco M.

Tanner. Illustrated 27

Background Radiation and Elndemic Faunal Range in the
San Luis Valley of Southern Colorado, by Joseph C.
Daniel Jr. and R. Leonard Blain. Illustrated 37

Published by
Brigham Young University

The Great Basin Naturalist

A journal published from one to four times a year by the Brig-
ham Young University, Provo, Utah,

Manuscripts: Only original unpublished manuscripts, pertain-
ing to the Great Basin and the Western United States in the main,
will be accepted. Manuscrtipts are subject to the approval of the
editor.

Illustrations: All illustrations should be made with a view to
having them appear within the limits of the printed page. The ill-
ustrations that form a part of an article should accompany the
manuscript. All half-tones or zinc etchings to appear in this jour-
nal are to be made under the supervision of the editor, and the cost
of the cuts is to be borne by the contributor.

Reprints: No reprints are furnished free of charge. A price
list for reprints and an order form is sent with the proof.

Subscriptions: The annual subscription is $2.50, (outside the
United States $3.25). Single number, 80 cents.

All correspondence dealing with manuscripts, subscriptions,
reprints and other business matters should be addressed to the Editor,
Vasco M. Tanner, Great Basin Naturalist, Brigham Young Univer-
sity, Provo, Utah.

Reprints Schedule of The Great Basin Naturalist

Each
Additional

2 pp. 4 pp. 6 pp. 8 pp. 10 pp. 12 pp. 2 pp.
50 copies $5.00 $6.00 $7.00 $8.00 $9.00 $10.00 $1.50
100 copies 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00

200 copies 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00

300 copies 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00

Covers: $8.00 for first 100 copies; $3.00 for additional 100 copies.

LISRARy

JUN2 91959

UNIVERSITY

The Great Basin Naturalist

Published by the
Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah

Volume XIX May 30, 1959 No. 1

NEW SPECIES OF BARK BEETLES (COLEOPTERA:
SCOLYTIDAE), MOSTLY MEXICAN. PART V

Stephen L. Wood'

111 this paper five new species of scolytid beetles are described
as new, one in the genus Pseudopityophthorus Swaine, from Mexico,
and four in the genus Dendroterus Blandford, from Mexico and
Texas. In addition, three species of Pseudopityophthorus known pre-
viously from the United States are recorded from Mexico for the
first time. Seven of the eight species reported here were collected
by the vsTiter while wdth the 1953 expdition of the Francis Hunting-
ton Snow Entomological Museum (University of Kansas, Lawrence),
the eighth species was received from the U. S. National Museum.

Pseudopityophthorus Swaine

Pseudopityophthorus pulverulus Blackman. — Collected 30 miles
southwest of El Salto, Durango, Mexico, on July 23, 1953, 8400 feet,
from Quercus sp., by S. L. Wood; and 14 miles northeast of Nochixt-
lan. Oaxaca, Mexico, on July 5, 1953, 6700 feet from Quercus sp., by
S. L. Wood.

Pseudopityophthorus yavapaii Blackman. — Taken 15 miles
northwest of Chihuahua, Chihuahua. Mexico, on July 29, 1958, from
Quercus sp., by S. L. Wood.

Pseudopityophthorus opaciollis Blackman. — Collected 35 miles
southwest of El Salto, Durango, Mexico, on July 23, 1953, at an ele-
vation of 8400 feet, from Quercus sp., by S. L. Wood.

Pseudopityophthorus tenuis, n. sp.

This species is very similar to asperulus (Leconte), differing
principally by the absence of a transverse impression on the lower
half of the frons, in the male by the presence of a small brush of
hair on the upper part of the head, and in the female by the presence
of a small, sharply elevated median carina.

Male. — Length 1.3 mm., 3.0 times as long as wide; body color
black.

Frons flattened, gradually elevated toward epistomal margin;

I. Zoology and Entomology Deparlnicnt c imtilhulions \o. IhT, Brinliani Young University,
Piovo. I'tah. Scolvtoidea contribution No. 17.

The Great Basin Naturalist

2 s. L. WOOD Vol. XIX. No. 1

surface finely punctured; vestiture consisting of a sparse epistomal
brush, a few fine setae on lower lateral margin of frontal area, and
about a dozen (two dozen in one paratype) coarse long setae on med-
ian third above upper level of eyes. Eye and antennae as in asperulus.

Pronotum and elytra as in asperulus. except the punctures of
elytral striae even more strongly reduced.

Female. — Similar to male except: frons with a very narrow med-
ian carina beginning at upper level of eyes and extending a third of
the distance to epistomal margin; the transverse impression and
median prominence on lower third of frons present in asperulus
absent in this species.

Type Locality. — Eleven miles northeast of Jacala, Hidalgo, Mex-
ico.

Host. — Quercus sp.

Type Material. — The male holotype, female allotype and 11
para types were collected at the type locality on June 22, 1953, at an
elevation of 5100 feet by S. L. Wood. These specimens were taken
from the same branch as Micracisella knulli (Blackman) and Micra-
cis truncatus Wood.

Dendroterus Blandford

Dendroterus Blandford, 1904, Biologia Centrali-Americana 4(6):233; Hopkins,

1914. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 48:120 (type designated).
Plesiophthorus Schedl, 1940, Ann. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicus (Me.x-

ico) 1:243 (new synonymy).

The genus Dendroterus was established to include two mono-
typic Mexican species, mexicanus from Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, and
sallei from Vera Cruz, V. C. All subsequent references to the genus
are to Blandford's two specimens. Hopkins (1914) designated mexi-
canus as the type species. Schedl's monobasic genus Plesiophthorus
was based on a single specimen from Omilteme, Guerrero, named
perspecus; since then luteolus Schedl, californicus Schedl, and striatus
(Leconte) all from California and Baja California, have been added.
The principal means of distinguishing the two genera has been the
segmentation of the antennal funicle; it was considered to be four
segmented in Dendroterus and three segmented in Plesiophthorus.
Examination of three of the described Plesiophthorus and the four
additional species presented below indicates that segmentation of the
funicle is variable and cannot be relied upon to separate species, not
to mention its use as a generic character. Blandford also referred to
the difficulty of distinguishing funicular segmentation "even with
a high magnification."

Generally speaking the funicle is three segmented, however, in
two of the species described below, decipiens and confinis, some of
the specimens (usually females) may have four, or in one case five,
distinct segments. All degrees of fusion of the third and fourth
segments can be seen. In one instance a female with only three seg-
ments had the second and third partly fused along one side. In view
of the variability of this feature and the wide range of characters

May 30, 1959 new species of bark beetles 3

exhibited in species of this group, it is necessary to place the name
Plesiopfithorus Schedl in synonymy under the older name Dendro-
terus Blandford.

Dendroterus mundus, n. sp.

This species is very similar to striatus, californicus and luteolus
in the general sculpture of pronotal disc and elytral declivity, in
the type of vestiture. and in the sexual differences of the frons. It
differs, however, in the smaller size, in the more strongly convex
lower half of the male frons and the more strongly convex female
frons with a corresponding less strongly impressed area below the
transverse carina, and in having the declivital interstrial punctures
subequal to those of the striae.

Male. — Length 1.7 mm.. 2.6 times as long as wide. Body color
light brown.

Frons strongly, evenly convex above epistoma and from eye to
eye, coarsely closely granulate-punctate to upper level of eyes, sparse-
ly punctured above this level; pubescence rather sparse, short, and
coarse. Eye deeply emarginate; finely granulate. Antennal funicle
three-segmented, pedicle longer than combined lengths of segments
two and three; club large, about twice as long as funicle, almost
circular in outline, the sutures straight except recurved at extreme
side margins.

Pronotum 1.2 times as long as wide; sides straight and sub-
parallel on posterior two-thirds, anterior margin rather broadly
rounded and armed by about twelve coarse, low. subcontiguous teeth;
summit indefinite, located at center; asperities coarser on anterior
third, gradually blending into the granulate posterior areas of disc;
posterolateral areas almost smooth and shallowly, coarsely punctured;
the fine, raised lateral and posterior lines not present. Pubescence
hairlike, short, suberect.

Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide; the sides straight and sub-
parallel on basal three-fourths, abruptly, very broadly rounded be-
hind; striae not impressed except the first, the punctures rather
coarse and deep; interstriae narrower than striae, the punctures in
more or less uniseriate rows, very close, about half the diameter of
those of striae, distinctly impressed. Declivity rather steep, flattened;
striae narrower than on disc, one. two and part of three impressed,
the punctures much smaller and less definite; interspace one slightly
elevated, one, two and lower part of three convex, the punctures
subequal to those of striae and in less definite rows than on disc.
Vestiture rather abundant, short; consisting of fine semierect strial
hairs and slightly longer and coarser erect interstrial setae; not longer
on declivity, very slightly longer on sides.

Female. — Similar to male except: frons with a broad, arching
carina at upper level of eyes.

Type Locality.- — Tehuitzingo, Puebla. Mexico.

Host. — Unknown tree.

Type Material. — The male holot\T)e, female allotype and 1 1

The Great Basin Naturalist

4 s. L. WOOD Vol. XIX, No. 1

paratypes were collected at the type locality on July 13, 1953, at an
elevation of 3700 feet; and six paratypes were taken at Matamoros,
Puebla, Mexico, on July 3, 1953, at an elevation of 3700 feet, by S.
L. Wood. In both cases the specimens were taken from star-shaped
galleries in the cambium region of large, cut limbs of a broadleaf
tree. One additional paratype was taken at light at Ocosingo Valley,
Chiapas, Mexico, on July 27, 1950, by L. J. Stannard.

The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow
Entomological Collection; other paratypes are in the U. S. National
Museum and the collection of the writer.

Dendroterus texanus, n. sp.

This species is quite different from other known species in the
genus. It is distinguished by the absence of secondary sexual char-
acters on the frons, and by the smooth surface of the pronotal disc
between the coarse punctures.

Male. — Length 2.7 mm., 2.8 times as long as wide; body color
dark brown.

Frons rather weakly convex from eye to eye, epistomal margin
gradually elevated; surface almost smooth with rather coarse, abun-
dant subgranulate punctures; vestiture sparse, short, hairlike. Eye
deeply emarginate; finely granulate. Antennal funicle three seg-
mented, the pedicle almost equal in length to the combined lengths
of segments two and three; club oval, the sutures straight except
recurved at extreme side margins.

Pronotum 1.1 times as long as wide; widest at base, the sides
feebly arcuate and converging very slightly toward the rather nar-
rowly rounded anterior margin; anterior margin armed by eight
rather large, subcontiguous teeth, the median ones slightly longer;
summit near middle, indefinite; surface of disc very minutely re-
ticulate between the coarse, deep, abundant punctures, posterior
areas devoid of granules; lateral and basal lines not present. Vesti-
ture fine, semierect, hairlike, of moderate length.

Elytra 1.7 times as long as wide; sides straight and subparallel
on basal two thirds, gradually, rather narrowly rounded behind;
striae not impressed, the punctures rather coarse, deep; interstriae
as wide as striae, almost smooth, the punctures fine, about equal in
number to those of striae. Declivity moderately steep, convex; striae
one and twc slightly impressed, the punctures greatly reduced in
size, but deeply and distinctly impressed; interspace one slightly ele-
vated, the punctures as on disc but some very feebly granulate. Ves-
titure consisting of minute, inconspicuous strial hairs, and moder-
ately long, erect interstrial hairlike setae; not longer on declivity.

Female. — Similar to the male; distinguished externally only by
the segmentation of the abdomen.

Type locality. — Presidio, Texas.

Host. — Jatropha spathulata.

Type Material. — The male holotype, female allotype and 116

Mav ^0. 1959 new species ov hark hkktles 5

para types were collected at the type locality on May 16, 1947, from
Jatropha spathulata, by J. II. Russell.

The holotype, allotype, and some paratypes are in the U. S.
National Museum; other paratypes are in the collection of "the
writer.

Dendroterus declpiens, n. sp.

This species evidently is allied to mexicanus Blandford as evi-
denced by the pubescent frons and by the occasionally four segment-
ed funicle of the female; however, it is smaller, lacks the raised med-
ian line on the pronotal disc and has rather different sculpturing
on the elytral declivity.

Male. — Length 1.8 mm.. 2.5 times as long as wide; body color
very dark brown.

Frons evenly, rather strongly convex from eye to eye, although
somewhat flattened along the bisinuate epistomal margin; surface
almost smooth between rather coarse, close, moderately deep punc-
tures; pubescence scanty except along epistomial margin. Eye deeply
emarginate; finely granulate. Antennal funicle evidently four-seg-
mented, the pedicle equal to combined lengths of segments two to
four; club subcircular, the sutures straight, except recurved at the
extreme side margins.

Pronotum 1.1 times as long as wide; widest just behind middle,
the sides weakly arcuate, anterior margin rather broadly rounded and
armed by ten coarse, subcontiguous teeth; summit at center, indef-
inite; anterior asperate region gradually blending into the coarsely,
closely granulate posterior area on disc, almost smooth between rath-
er coarse, close, deep punctures in posterolateral areas; lateral and
basal lines absent. Vestiture semierect, hairlike, of moderate length.

Elytra 1.4 times as long as wide; sides straight and subparallel
on basal three-fourths, rather abruptly, very broadly rounded be-
hind; striae not impressed except the first, the punctures rather small,
distinct but not deep; interstriae wider than striae, smooth, the punc-
tures almost as large as those of striae and slightly less numerous
and less distinctly impressed. Declivity very steep; interstriae two
flat, rather strongly impressed, one and three slightly elevated and
armed by several moderately large granules, a few smaller granules
in lateral areas; striae not impressed, the punctures reduced in size.
Vestiture consisting of fine, rather short, recumbent strial hair, and
longer, erect, rather coarse interstrial setae. perha])s coarser but not
longer on declivity.

Female. — Similar to male except: frons flattened from eye to
eye, more finely, closely punctured and ornamented by a brush of
long, fine incurved yellow setae, those at center of brush somewhat
shorter; antennal funicle variable (usually) four-segmented; and
second declivital interspace bearing a few minute granules.

Type Locality. — Three miles northwest of Tequila, Jalisco,
Mexico.

Host. — Unknown tree.

The Great Basin Naturalist

6 S. L. WOOD Vol. XIX, No. 1

Type Material. — The holotype, allotype and eight paratypes
were collected at the type locality on July 19, 1953 at an elevation
of 4000 feet, by S. L. Wood. They were taken from star-shaped gal-
lery systems in the cambium region of a cut tree in a semi-desert
region; they were associated with Schedlarius meocicanus.

The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow
Entomological collection, other paratyps are in the collections of the
U. S. National Museum and of the writer.

Dendroterus confinis, n. sp.

This species evidently is very closely allied to mexicanus. It is
of the same size and the female fits the very general description of
mexicanus in most respects; however, it lacks the pronotal elevation
and the declivity is not vertical nor strongly punctured.

Male. — Length 2.5 mm.. 2.5 times as long as wide, body color
almost black.

Frons strongly convex from eye to eye above epistomal margin;
a large transverse epistomal elevation just above epistomal brush, al-
most obsolete on median third, strongly and abruptly elevated in
lateral areas; surface coarsely granulate-punctate; vestiture fine and
inconspicuous except along epistomal margin. Eye deeply emargin-
ate; finely granulate. Antennal funicle three-segmented, the pedicle
about equal to combined lengths of segments two and three; club
subcircular, the sutures straight.

Pronotum 1.1 times as long as wide; widest at middle, the sides
feebly arcuate, rather broadly rounded in front; anterior margin
armed by ten poorly developed teeth; summit at center, indefinite;
the surface rather coarsely, closely punctured immediately behind
summit, gradually becoming coarsely granulate toward basal and
lateral areas. Vestiture fine, short, semierect, hairlike.

Elytra 1.4 times as long as wide; sides almost straight and sub-
parallel on basal three-fourths, abruptly, very broadly rounded be-
hind; striae not impressed, the punctures moderately coarse, deep;
instrstriae wider than striae, surface smooth, the punctures about two-
thirds as large as those of striae and slightly less abundant. Declivity
very steep; interspace two moderately impressed, one moderately,
three very feebly elevated; strial and interstrial punctures reduced in
size and depth, and of about equal size. Vestiture of small fine curved
strial hair, and rows of longer, rather coarse, erect interstrial setae;
not longer on declivity.

Female. — Similar to male except: frons flattened below upper
level of eyes, more finely, closely granulate, and ornamented by a
brush of rather long yellow hair; and the transverse epistomal eleva-
tion absent.

Type Locality. — Fourteen miles northwest of Magdalina. Jal-
isco, Mexico.

Host. — Unknown tree.

Type Material. — The male holotype, female allotype, and eleven
paratypes were collected at the type locality on July 19, 1953 at an

May 30. 1959 new species of bark beetles 7

elevation of 3500 feet, by S. L.Wood. The beetles were collected from
star-shaped galleries in the cambium region of the ten-inch bole of
the host tree. The uprooted tree had reddish peeling bark; the leaves
were compound with three leaflets in each leaf.

The holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the Snow
Entomological Museum, other paratypes are in the collections of the
U. S. National Museum and of the writer.

NOTES ON THE (iENUS LORDO'IUS LOEW, WITH

DESCRIPTIONS OF Nr.W SPECIES

(DIP 1 ERA: BOMBYEIIDAE) '

I). I'.liiu'i" iiiul Lucile Maiigliiui Johnson

Since the publication of IlalTs' admirable revision of the genus
Lordotus Eoew, a considerable amount of new material and much
information has become available to the writers. Loans of specimens
from the Universities of Arizona and Kansas, and visits to the Cal-
ifornia Academy of Science and the U. S. National Museum have
been particularly fruitful. A study of the types of Lordotus apicula
Coquillett. L. junceus Coq., L miscellus Coq., and L. sororculus Wil-
liston in the latter institution has helped settle some problems with
these species that long have plagued us. We wish to express our
gratitude to the men of the above-named institutions for their con-
siderate aid and cooperation.

In this paper ten species and subspecies are named and des-
cribed as new to science, the status of the two subspecies of Lordotus
gibbus Loew in Utah is discussed, and the known ranges of four
described species of this genus are materially extended. As noted
below, the types of the new species and subspecies are deposited in
the Snow Entomological Museum, the California Academy of Sci-
ence, and our own collection which at the present time is at the
Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.

Lordotus Loew

The historical background of the taxonomy of this genus is well
documented in Hall's paper (Ibid p. 1). Heretofore, some considera-
tion has been given to the possibility that the genus Lordotus Loew
may not represent a completely homogenous group of species.
Coquillett' recognized one group of two species which differed mor-
phologicallv from the others, and erected the genus Geminaria to
receive them. Hall divided the genus into two groups, which he did
not name, on the basis of wing color, placing those species with in-
fuscated wings into one, and those with hyaline wings into the other.
However, in even those species having the most heavily infuscated
wings, little color is present; and in some instances it would be
difficult to determine into which group a given species should be
placed. For instance, we have Arizona specimens of L. cdbidus Hall,
a supposedly hyaline-winged species, in which there is more color
in the wing than in some specimens we have of L. bucerus Coq. and
L. ermae Hall, which species supposedly have infuscated wings. Too,
there are instances wherein very closely related species would be
separated by wing color into opposite groups. We have a species

1. This study was supported in part by the U. S. Amiy Chemical Corps Contract No. D.\-
18-064-CMh-2639, with the University of Utah. Ecological Research Contribution No. 31.

2. Associate Entomologist, Ecological Research, University of Utah, Dugway, Utah.

3. Mall. Jack C. 1054. A revision of the genus Lordotus Loew in North America (Diptera:
Bonibyliidaej. Univ. of Calif. Pub. in Ent. 10 (l):l-34. 24 figs in text 4 maps.

4. Coquillett, D. W. 1894. Notes and descriptions of North ^Vmcrican Bombyliidac. Trans. Anier.
Ent. Soc., 21:89.

The Great Basin Naturalist
10 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX, No. 1

with hyaline wings which is obviously closely related otherwise to
L. gibbus Loew, which species has the most heavily infiiscatecl wings
in the genus. We feel, therefore that wing color, useful though it may
be in the differentation of individual species, is inadequate, at least
in some instances, to be used as the sole criterion on which to base a
grouping of the species, and that some other character or combination
of characters must be used to show the relationships that exist in
this genus of flies.

By using a combination of antennal, wing, and vestiture char-
acteristics, the species of the genus can be resolved into three more
or less well defined groups.

Key to the groups of the genus Lordotus

1. Antennae with a terminal style miscellus group

Antennae without terminal style 2

2. Costa of male denticulate; sexes frequently differing

in color gibbus group

Costa of male not denticulate; sexes usually concolorous
- - apicula group

apicula group

This group is characterized by the lack of an antennal style
and by the lack of denticulations on the male costa. Usually the
ground color and the color of the vestiture is about the same in both
sexes. None of the species bear conspicuous cross bands of dark pile
on the abdomen in either sex.

The species and sub-species included in this group are: abdoni-
inalis Johnson and Johnson, new species; apicula Coquillett; arnaudi
Johnson and Johnson, new species; bipartitus Painter; divisus Cres-
son; ermae Hall; hurdi Hall; junceus Coquillet; lutescens Johnson
and Johnson, new species; per plexus Johnson and Johnson, new spe-
cies; planus Osten Sacken; puella Williston; soror cuius soror cuius
Williston; sororculus nigriventris Johnson and Johnson, new sub-
species.

Lordotus abdoniinalis, n. sp.

Black; wings hyaline, not denticulate in male; pile ol ahdoniiual
dorsum mixed black and white. Length 4.5-7 mm.

Male. — Oral margin dark gray, rest of head black; vestiture
of head wholly black, the pile relatively short and sparse, the tom-
entum consisting of a few hair-like scales on lower occiput. First
segment of antenna about two and one-half times as long as wide;
second segment slightly wider, about as long as wide; third segment
about one and one-third times as long as first two combined, some-
what wider than second segment, widest at basal third, sides of
apical third almost parallel. Proboscis about two-fifths as long as
body; palpi about one-sixth as long as proboscis.

Thorax very faintly grayish pollinose, ground color ol pleura

May 30. 1959 the genus lordotus 11

somewhat brownish; short sparse pile of mesonotum white, black

along margins, bristles black; sparse vestiture of pleura black, that
of scutellum black on margins, gray on disk.

Wings hyaline, not denticulate; veins yellow at base and along
costal region, otherwise dark blackish gray; costal pile and tomentum
black. Squamae gray, pile white. Halteres yellow, knobs nearly
white.

Legs dark brown to black, very narrowly paler at knees; vesti-
ture dark brown to black.

Pile of abdominal dorsum white, that of sides of first and an-
terior angles of second black shading above to white, (iround color
of first sternite gray, of first fourth of second and hind margins of
second to fourth nearly white; pile of venter sparse, mostly black
and dark gray, a few nearly white hairs intermixed. Genitalia
brownish, pile pale yellow.

Female. — Only casually like male. Face and upper front shining
black, lower front faintly and occiput moderately gray poUinose.
Front and occiput moderately white tomentose; pile of front brown-
ish yellow, narrowly black along lower margin and orbits, that of
upper occiput yellow fading to white posteriorly; rest of pile of
head black. Antennae almost evenly tapering from base to apex.

Mesonotum moderately white tomentose, that in middle being
less dense. Sparse pile nearly white, yellow at sides; bristles yellow.
Scutellum with sparse white tomentum and yellow pile and bristles,
devoid of pollen. Pleura lightly gray pollinose; tomentum nearly
white; pile mostly yellow, that on pro- and a few on mesopleura
black. Tomentum at base of costa white.

Abdominal dorsum relatively densely white tomentose, that
on posterior quarters of segments two to four being somewhat less
dense, that on sides of fifth dark gray to black. Pile relatively sparse
and coarse, somewhat more dense on first and sides of other seg-
ments. Pile on first three segments mostly yellow to white, palest
anteriorly, a few on anterior angles of first, the lateral fringe and two
or three rows on posterior margins of second and third, and all of
that on fourth and fifth segments black. Pale markings of abdominal
venter narrower than those of male; pile wholly black.

Types. — Male holotype: Tucson. Pima County. Arizona. April
24. 1954 (F. G. Werner).'

Female allotype: W'est of Standfield. Pima County, Arizona.
April 11. 1954 (Butler and Werner j. Paratypes: 16 1? same data
as the holotype. The holo- and allotypes are in our collection. The
paratypes are in the collection of the University of Arizona.

Specimens of this species will run to apicida in 1 lalTs key. I low-
ever, the males of this species may be separated from tlioso of apicula
by the lack of the black lateral fringe so typical of the latter, from
sororculus by the black pile on the margins of the mesonotum. and
from both bv the black pile of the upper occiput. The black pile on
the abdominal donism readily distinguishes the females of this

The Great Basin Naturalist
12 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX. No. 1

species from all others in this group. In addition, the females have
a higher, more vertical front than females of the other species.

Lordotus apicula Coquillett

Coquillett's type, a female from Colorado, is in the U. S. Na-
tional Museum. Although partially rubbed, sufficient characters re-
main intact to render identification of comparative material certain.
Inasmuch as we have several forrns which fit this species in Hall's
tables of species, and which fit equally well the decriptive matter
so far in print, we deem it advisable to here redescribe both sexes of
L. apicula Coq. from material in our collection collected in Skull
Valley, Tooele County, Utah, the females of which have been com-
pared directly with Coquillett's type and found identical with it in
all characters studied.

Male. — Black. Oral margin shining, rest of head faintly gray
pollinose; pile of face, lower occiput, a single row along upper or-
bits and on antennae black, that on upper occiput nearly white, on
ocellar tubercle dark gray; tomentum of upper occiput nearly white,
of lower occiput black. First antennal segment a little more than
three times as long as wide; second segment about as wdde as long,
same width as first; third segment only slightly longer than first two
combined, widest at the basal fourth; pile of first short above and
long beneath, of second segment all of about the same length; third
segment with a few very short hairs on the inner side. Proboscis
about one-half as long as body; palpi about one-fifth as long as pro-
boscis.

Thorax faintly gray pollinose. that on pleura faintly iridescent;
pile of mesonotum mostly whitish gray, a few along lateral margins
dark gray to coal black, prealar bristles dark gray, postalars nearly
white; pile of pleura wholly coal black. Scutellum somewhat more
pollinose than rest of thorax, hind margin only slightly less so than
disk; pile and marginal bristles nearly white, the latter hardly diff-
erentiated from the pile.

Base of wings, costa, subcosta, and bases of marginal and first
submarginal cells faintly yellowish, rest of wing clear hyaline; veins
yellow basally, brown distally; pile at base of costa black, hair-like
tomentum white. Wings not denticulate. Squamae dark gray; pile
dark gray to black. ITalteres yellow, knobs nearly white; a row of
very short black hairs behind, distallv.

Legs black, their vestiture wholly black, the tomentum with
purplish reflections in some lights

Abdomen subshining blue-black; pile of venter and dense lateral
fringe black, of dorsum dense, white, the line of demarcation between
black and white abrupt.

Female. — Except for sexual differences much like the male. The
broad front pollinose on lower half, shining black above; very sparse-
ly white tomentose Pile of front black on sides, white in middle and
on ocellar tubercle. Antennae somewhat shorter, the third segment
without hair. Pleura with considerable brown in ground color,

May 30. 1959 the genus lordotus 13

pollen tinged with brownish. Mesonotum very sparsely white tomen-
tose. Thoracic bristles white or nearly so. Vestiture of legs not quite
as deeply black as in male. Second to fifth terga with sparse white
tomeiitiini basally; a single row on posterior margin of fourth and
all of hairs on posterior half of fifth segments black. Pile of abdomen
not quite as dense as in male, that of venter and lateral fringe with
brownish reflections.

Specimens in our collection are from six to ten millimeters in
length. We have collected them from April to July in various local-
ities in Kane. Millard, Sanpete and Tooele Counties in Utah.

In addition to the variation in size there is some variation in the
amoimt of black pile on the dorsum of the female. In some specimens
there are only one or two black hairs at the hind angles of the
foui'th tergum. and the black pile of the posterior half of the fifth is
mixed with white.

Lordotus arnaudi, n. sp.

Dark brown; wings hyaline, not denticulate in male; third
antennal segment about as long as other two combined. Length 5-7
mm.

Male. — Except oral margin, head lightly yellowish gray pollin-
ose; except for row of dark hairs along orbits, pile of upper occiput
nearly white; of rest of head dark chocolate brown to black; tomen-
tum of occiput yellowish brown. First antennal segment about same
two and one-half times as long as wide; second segment about same
width as first, slightly longer than wide; third segment about as
long as first two combined, widest at about the basal third. Proboscis
about two-thirds as long as body; palpi about one-fifth as long as
proboscis.

Thorax lightly gray to grayish brown pollinose, with indistinct
longitudinal striping visible from some angles, on the mesonotum;
pile and bristles of mesonotum and scutellum very pale yellowish
gray, that of pleura brown.

Wings clear hyaline, the base and costal area yellowish; veins
yellowish brown basally. darker apically. Pile and tomentum at base
of costa dark brown to black. Squamae pale brown, pile very pale
brown. Ilalteres, pale brownish yellow, the knobs nearly white.

Legs dark brown, the tibiae somewhat lighter; vestiture dark
brown to black.

Pile of abdominal dorsum dense, very pale brown, darker in the
lateral fringe, the individual hairs darker basally, nearly white at
tips; a loose patch of pale brownish yellow scales centrally on hind
margin of each segment except the first, an occasional hair-like scale
on hind margins other than in the middle of segments. Pile of venter
black; sparse tomentum appearing to be golden brown. Genitalia
brown, pile pale yellowish brown.

Female. — Except for sexual differences, much like the male.
Broad front and occiput pale brownish yellow pilose and tomentose.
Mesonotum and scutellum with moderately sparse tomentum. Legs

The Great Basin Naturalist
14 JOHNSON A.ND JOHNSON Vol. XIX. No. 1

lighter color than in male, tibiae yellowish brown. Abdominal dor-
sum moderately tomentose; a few black hairs at apex of fifth tergum.

Types. — Male holotype and female allotype-. Gordas Point, Isla
Ceralbo, Gulf of California. Mexico, March 20, 1953 (Paul H. Ar-
naud). Paratypes: 1 ? same data as types, 1 $ Isla Partida. Gulf of
California, Mexico, March 23, 1953 (Paul H. Arnaud). The holo-
and allotypes are deposited in th? California Academy of Science.
The paratypes are in our collection.

This species may be separated from lutescens by the smaller
size, the sparser pile, by the pattern of the tomentum on the abdomen,
and by the shape of the third antennal segment of lutescens being
proportionately much longer. Arnaudi may be separated from apic-
ula and sororculus by the darker pile on the abdominal dorsum, and
from abdominalis by the paler pile on the upper occiput. In Hall's
key the males of this species run to couplet 14, where they agree
entirely with neither statement. The females run to couplet 10 where
neither statement applies.

The male paratype lacks the tomentum on the abdominal dor-
sum and the dark pile is somewhat darker than in the type, but it
agrees very well otherwise.

It gives us pleasure to name this species after its dicoverer, Mr.
Paul H. Arnaud. whose fine specimens of this and other genera
have been very helpful to us.

Lordotus divisus Cresson

On May 3. 1959, about two road miles below the summit of
Pioneer Pass, in the Mescal Mountains, Pinal County, Arizona, the
writers collected seven males and one female of this species, for the
first time, to our knowledge, definitely associating the sexes of this
fairly widespread but apparently rather rare fly (Hall, op. cit. p. 27).
We have before us seven other females from various localities in
Arizona and Texas which agree with this specimen. Our material
differs somewhat from the two California females described by Hall
in that on the abdominal dorusm the black pile does not extend
anteriorly beyond the fourth tergum and the pale tomentum does
extend posteriorly onto the fourth and fifth. In most of our speci-
mens the black pile is found only on the hind margin of the fourth
and over the whole of the fifth. In one specimen there are white hairs
mixed with the black on the fifth tergum. The total number of
specimens examined is insufficient to indicate whether or not these
variations are geographically constant.

Inasmuch as it fails to take into consideration the white pile on
the abdominal dorusm of divisus, couplet 7 of Hall's key to the fe-
males is misleading and will lead to misdentifications. In his key
our material runs to apicula. When viewed from directly behind,
the scutellum in both sexes is pollinose on the disc and shining black
on the hind margin, a character by which this species is readily
distinguished from its near relatives.

Ma\' il). 1959 iHK gi:ni's lohdo'i-us 15

Lonloliis junccus (".()(|uill(MI

Hall reported specimens of this species from as far south as
Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. On March 23. 1953, Paul II. Ar-
naiid collected sevei'al specimens of both sexes at Bahia Amortajada,
Isla San Jose. Golfo de California, Mexico. This captur(> extends the
known range of the species some six hundred miles southward.
Compared directly with Coquillett's type in the U. S. National Mus-
eum these specimens appeared to be identical in all characters
studied.

Specimens in the Snow Entomological Museum collected at Las
Cruces. New Mexico. 1954, by R. 11. Reamer, extend the known
range of the species for the first time into that state and somewhat
more than two hundred and fifty miles further to the east than
heretofore reported In the females of this series the tibiae and tarsi
are paler and the yellow on the posterior margins of the terga is
wider than in California specimens.

Lordotus lutescens, n. sp.

Wings hyaline; pile grayish yellow, yenter mostly dark pilose;
legs black in both sexes. Length 9-1 3 mm.

Male. — Black, densely clothed with mostly pale grayish yellow
pile. Small frontal triangle, face and occiput gray pollinose. Except
for that on occiput, pile of head black. Antennae black; first segment
about twice as long as second, third segment a little longer than
first two combined, widest at the basal third; pile black, that on first
segment short aboye and long below. Proboscis slender, about half
as long as head and body combined; palpi about one-sixth as long
as proboscis, their pile black.

Pile of anterior half of thoracic dorsum dense, of posterior half
nnich less so; bristles hardly differentiated, of same color as pile.
Pleura subshining dark brown, faintly grayish pollinose; a few dark
hairs intermixed with the pale ones before the wing.

Wings hyaline, only base of wing, costa and subcosta yellowish;
yeins yellow, somewhat darker apically; costa not denticulate, pile
at base of costa pale yellow. Halteres grayish yellow, their knobs
nearly white.

Individual hairs of dorsum and sides of abdomen darker basally
than the I'est of the hair, giving from any aspect a shadowy effect
to the sides of the part yiewed. Pile of extreme lateral margins of
terga and of venter blackish brown to black. Pile of genitalia nearly
white.

Legs black, the vestiture black, the tomentum with purplish re-
flections.

Female. — In general appeaiance much like the male. Pile of
face, front, antennae and coxae the same color as that of the thorax
and abdominal dorsum. Front densely clothed with pale grayish yel-
low hair-like tomentum. Thorax faintly marked with longitudinal
vittae. Mesonotum and abdominal dorsum with sparse hair-like to-

The Great Basin Naturalist
16 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX. No. 1

mentum, that on the abdomen somewhat denser along a median line.
Less dark pile in the lateral fringe, and some pale pile intermixed
with the dark on the venter.

Types. — Male holotype and female allotype: Las Cruces. New
Mexico, April 25, 1954 (L. D. Beamer). Paratypes: 15 5, 6$ same
time and place as types (L. D. Beamer and R. 1 1. Beamer). The holo-
and allotypes and part of the paratypes are in the Snow Entomolog-
ical Museum, University of Kansas. The rest of the paratypes are in
our collection and in the collection of the Brigham Young University.

Lordotus per plexus, nr sp.

Black, hyaline wings, those of the male not denticulate; pile of
venter dark brown; tomentum present on dorsum of thorax and
abdomen of both sexes. Length 51/2-9 mm.

Male. — Dark brown, tibiae and basal tarsal segments reddish
brown, this color visible under the dense dark tomentum only in
certain lights. Lower face shining; upper face, front and occiput gray
pollinose. Pile of antennae, face, lower occiput, and row on upper
occiput black; rest of pile of upper occiput white or nearly so, that
on ocellar tubercle mixed black and pale yellow; tomentum of occi-
put sparse, white above, somewhat darker beneath. First antennal
segment two and one-half times as long as wide; second segment
same width as first, about as long as wide; third segment about
one and one-third times as long as the other two combined, widest
at the basal fourth. Proboscis about as long as head and thorax
combined.

Thorax lightly gray pollinose, as viewed from in front indis-
tinctly longitudinally vittate; pile of mesonotum moderately dense
on anterior half, very pale yellowish gray, nearly white in some
lights, more yellow on posterior half and on scutellum, that of pleura
pale yellow to nearly black, mostly chocolate brown; bristles yel-
low. There is sparse, hair-like nearly white tomentum on meso-
notal disk and scutellum.

Wings clear hyaline, not denticulate; veins yellow, darker dis-
tally. Tomentum at base of costa brown. Squamae w^hite, the fringe
pale yellow; halteres pale yellow, the knobs nearly white.

Abdominal pile dense, nearly white dorsally, shading to brown
in the lateral fringe and on the venter, the line of demarcation not
distinct. Sparse, nearly white hair-like tomentum on dorsum, con-
centrated mostly on bases and apices of segments. Very sparse
hair-like tomentum of venter brown.

Female. — Much more tomentose and less pilose than the male.
Broad front and upper occiput moderately densely tomentose. Third
antennal segment more slender, and relatively longer than in the
male. Thorax much more tomentose, the pile paler. Abdomen mod-
erately densely tomentose, the tomentum somewhat more dense on
the posterior third of the segments.

Types. — Male holotype and female allotype: Rillito, Pima Coun-
ty Arizona, March 20, 1934 (A. J. Basinger). Paratypes: Arizona:

May 30. 1959 the genus lordotus 17

\$ same data as types; 3$ Tucson. IV-18-1955 (G. D. Butler);
15 19 Sabino Canyon, Santa Calalina Mts., IV-6-55 and V-5-55
(G. D. Butler and Floyd Werner); 1$ west of Standfield, TV-13-55
(Butler and Werner). California: 4$ San Diego County (Coquil-
lett).

The holo-and allotypes and part of the paratypes are in our
collection. The rest of the paratypes are in collections of the Uniyer-
sity of Arizona. Brighani Young University, and the U. S. National
Museum.

In Hall's key this species will run to apicula, which it closely
resembles. The females differ from those of apicula in the pollinose
front, far more abundant and coarser tomentum on front, thoracic
dorsum and abdomen, and in the shape of the front. The males of
this species differ from those of apicula in the presence of the to-
mentum. sparse though it may be. on the mesonotum and abdominal
dorsum. Both sexes differ in being paler in ground color of body
and legs, in having paler pile on the pleura and venter and darker
on the dorsum, and in the pale pile of the abdominal dorsum blend-
ing into the dark pile of the venter in contrast to the abrupt line of
demarcation exhibited by apicula. Also, the pile of this species is
somewhat shorter and coarser and less abundant than that of apicula.

Lordotus sororculus sororculus Williston

In a series of specimens of this species taken at Inyokern, Kern
County, California, the tibiae very from black to reddish brown,
and, contrary to Hall's re-description, the tomentum of the legs is
mostly pale. This series was collected a very few miles from the type
locality. Specimens compared directly with Williston's type agree in
all characters studied. Niaterial collected at Dateland and 10 miles
East of Aztec. Navajo County, April 12, 1955 by Drs. Floyd G.
Werner and George 13. Butler, Jr., extends the known range of this
species into east central Arizona. These specimens, five females,
average larger than our California material but agree very well
otherwise with the paler of the specimens from the latter state.

Lordotus sororculus nigriventris, n. subsp.

Differs from sororculus Williston in possessing many more black
hairs on pleura, legs and abdominal venter. Length 5-9 mm.

Male. — Black. Head, except shining black oral margin, gray
pollinose; pile of face and lower occiput black; of upper occiput most-
ly snowy white, a row of black hairs along hind orbits which does
not reach vertex. Behind this is a row or two of grayish yellow hairs;
sparse hair-like tomentum of occiput nearly white. Antennae black,
black haired; first segment about two and one-half times as long
as wide; second segment about the same width, about as long as
wide; third segment about as wide as first two and about one and
one-half times as long as both of them taken together, widest at its
basal third.

Thorax subshining bluish black, very faintly gray pollinose;

The Great Basin Naturalist
18 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX. No. 1

pile of mesonotum grayish white, faintly yellowish at sides; bristles
pale yellowish. Pile of pleura black, sparse except for tufts on upper
meso- and metapleura; hair-like tomentum nearly white, confined to
the patch of dense pile on upper mesopleura.

Wings not denticulate, clear hyaline, only the base of the wing
and subcosta pale yellowish; veins yellow basally, becoming brown
distally; pile and tomentum of base of costa black and grayish yel-
low. Ilalteres yellow, their knobs nearly white.

Legs black, their vestiture black, with purplish reflections in the
tomentum in some lights.

Abdomen densely long snowy white pilose, that on sides cf
first two segments black or dark brown, fading upward and backward
to white on the fourth and fifth segments; pile of venter obscured by
that of lateral fringe, but evidently black to dark brown on the first
three or four segments; a very few white erect hair-like scales on
anterior and posterior margins of all terga after the first.

Female. — Much more tomentose and less pilose than the male.
Pile of front and upper occiput pale yellow to white, a single row of
dark hairs along orbits and transversely just above the antennae;
tomentum white or nearly so.

Mesonotum gray pollinose. two indistinct darker longitudinal
vittae in the middle and at the sides; tomentum white, moderately
dense on anterior end, sparse otherwise; pile white, bristles pale
yellow to white. Scutellum gray pollinose, its vestiture very pale
yellow to white. Pleura lightly gray pollinose; pile of upper meso-
pleura mostly pale yellow, rest of pile of pleura dark brown to black.

Pile of abdomen relatively shorter and coarser than in male;
snowy white on dorsum and sides, shading to grayish brown to black
in lateral fringe; pile of center mostly brown to black.

Types. — Male holotype and female allotype: Skull Valley,
Tooele County, Utah, May 13, 1956 (D. E. Johnson). Paratypes:
Tooele County: 5 5 4? same locality as types. May 13 to June 2;
5 5 29 Dugway Mountains, May 25, 1958; 19 Dugway Valley,
April 23, 1956; \$ Granite Peak, May 20, 1958; \$ Southeast
end Cedar Mountains, May 29. 1956; 2$ Wig Mountain, April 23,
1956. Sanpete County: 1 $ Gunnison, May 31, 1956. All specimens
collected by D. E. Johnson. Types and some paratypes are in our
collection; part of the paratvpes are in the collections of the Brigham
Young University and the University of Utah.

This subspecies runs to either sororculus or apicula in PJall's
keys, depending on the individual interpretation of couplet 15 in the
key to males and couplet 8 in the key to females. From the nominal
subspecies, nigriventris is distinguishable by the many more black
hairs of pleura, venter and legs. Fhe sharp line of demarcation
between the black and white pile in tlie lateral fringe of apicula will
serve io separate this species.

gihhus group
In addition to the general characters of the genus, this group is

May 30. 1959 the genus i/irdotus 19

characterized by the lack of an antennal style and by denticulate
costa in the male. Frequently, but not always, the sexes differ in
ground color of body and legs and in color of vestiture, the males
usually having various shades of pale yellow to grayish white pile,
while the females are usually various darker shades of yellow to
yellowish gray. In most cases the males have a more or less well de-
fined cross-band of dark pile on one or more of the caudal abdominal
segments.

Species and subspecies included in this group are: albidus Hall;
arizonensis Johnson and Johnson, new species; diver sus diplasus
Hall; diversus diver sus Coquillett; gibbus gibbus Loew; gibbus stria-
tus Painter; pulchrissimus luteolus Hall; pulchrissimus pulchrissimus
Williston; zona Coquilett.

Lordotus albidus Hall

Specimens from Tucson, Arizona show some small variations
from California specimens we have examined. The yellow in the
wings extends well into the first submarginal. discal and second basal
cells. The pile of the venter of the males and of all the body of the
females is more yellow than in our California material.

Lordotus arizonensis, n. sp.

Female. — Length 7-12 mm. Head densely gray pollinose; pile
and tomentum white, the latter sparse on face and front and moder-
ately dense on hind orbits. Antennae black, first two segments gray
pollinose; first segment about four times as long as wide; third seg-
ment about three-fourths as long as first two combined, widest at
basal third. Pile of first segment moderately short, pale yellow above,
long white beneath; of second segment short and white or nearly
so. Proboscis about as long as head and thorax exclusive of scutellum;
palpi black, about one-fifth as long as proboscis, pile white.

Thorax black, edges of mesonotum and pleura gray pollinose;
pile moderately dense, whitish gray on mesonotum and scutellum,
white on pleura; bristles white; sparse tomentum hair-like, white.

Wings clear hyaline, a small faint spot of yellow in middle of
first basal cell; veins yellow, brownish distally; costal pile black,
pile and tomentum at base white. Halteres yellow, knobs paler.

Coxae and femora black, tibiae yellow, tarsi yellow basally to
dark brown distally; pile and tomentum of coxae and femora white,
a stripe of yellow hairs and scales on anterior side of latter; pile
and tomentum of tibiae yellow, bristles black.

Abdomen black; pile moderately long and dense, of first three
terga pale whitish gray, the individual hairs somewhat darker bas-
ally; pile of fourth and fifth terga black, a few on apex of fourth
and many on apex of fifth with apical half or more gray to white.
Venter obscured by dense pile which is white on first three segments,
black on remaining two. Abdomen almost wholly devoid of tomen-
tum. only an occasional hair-like scale occuring on second and third
terga.

The Great Basin Naturalist
20 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX. No. 1

Male. — Much like the female. Pile generally more aboundant
and longer. Third antennal segment somewhat narrower, almost
parallel-sided. Costa denticulate. Much of the pile of the fourth and
sixth terga gray to white. Abdominal venter almost wholly white
pilose.

Types. — Female holotype: Sabino Canyon, Santa Catalina
Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, October 17. 1954 (G. D. But-
ler, Jr.). Male allotype: Madera Canyon,, Santa Rita Mountains,
Arizona, September 23, 1956 (F. G. Werner). Paratypes: 2? same
data as holotype; 1 $ Mescalero. Otero County, New Mexico, October
2. The holo- and allotypes are in our collection, the paratypes are in
the collections of the U. S. National Museum and University of
Arizona.

Except for the completely hyaline wings this species closely
resembles gray specimens of gibbus. They also resemble the males
of pulchrissimus in general appearance, but differ markedly from
the females of that or any other of the clear-winged species by reas-
on of the black pile on the fourth and fifth abdominal segments. In
Hall's keys the females of this species will run to albidus, the males
to couplet 11 where neither statement fits exactly.

Lordotus gibbus gibbus Loew

and
Lordotus gibbus striatus Painter

These two subspecies are both found in Utah. On a number of
occasions we have collected both on the same day. But so far we
have not found them directly associated together. We have found
that especially in the western part of Utah gibbus gibbus is in the
higher elevations, while gibbus striatus is to be found on the valley
floors. A specific example which may be cited includes specimens
collected in the dunes in Skull Valley, Tooele County, at an eleva-
tion of about 4600 feet and at Willow Springs. Stansbury Moun-
tains, at an elevation of about 5800 feet. The two localities are
five miles apart, with an elevation differential of 1200 feet. On
September 14, 1957, Lordotus g. striatus was common in the
dunes while g. gibbus was equally common at the higher elevation.
In several other localities we have found the same situation to exist.

Lordotus pulchrissimus pulchrissimus Williston

Hall did not list this subspecies from Arizona. We have exam-
ined several specimens of both sexes collected at Tucson by George
D. Butler, Jr., J. M. Breazeale, Tom Embleton and G. G. Johnson.
They were taken September 29 through November 1.

misccllus group

The species of this group are characterized by a well defined
antennal style and by denticulations on the costa of the male.
Ground color and color of vestiture is mostly the same in both sexes.
The males bear at least some hairlike tomentum on the sides of the

May 30. 1959 tiif. genus lordotus 21

abdomen at the posterior and anterior margins of the terga. In his
characterization of the genus Lordotus Loew. Hall (Op. cit. p. 4) ex-
cludes this group of species from the genus by his first statement,
"Antennal style wanting". He did, nevertheless, correctly figure the
antennae of both sexes of L. bucerus Coq.^ plainly depicting a term-
inal style (Ibid p. 21. figures 12 and 13). He incorrectly figured the
antenna of L. misccllus Coq., without showing the style which it
bears (Ibid p. 20. figure 20). At the present time we do not con-
sider this single morphological deviation of sufficient significance
to justify the erection of a new genus to receive the species which
possess it.

The species and subspecies included in this group are: bucerus
Coquillett; cingulatus Johnson and Johnson, new species; cingulatus
lineatus Johnson and Johnson, new subspecies; cingulatus rufotibialis
Johnson and Johnson, new subspecies; miscellus melanosus Johnson
and Johnson, new subspecies; miscellus miscellus Coquillet.

Lordotus bucerus Coquillett

Hall speculated that this species might range into Nevada and
Arizona. We have seen specimens from the following localities in the
latter state: 15 19 Ehrenberg. April 16, 1939 (F. H. Parker); 1$
10 miles east of Aztec, April 12. 1955 (F. G. Werner); \$ Yuma,
April 13. 1955 (Butler and Tuttle).

Lordotus cingulatus, n. sp.

Black; wings clear hyaline, denticulate in male; abdominal ven-
ter with dark hair on at least fourth segment. Length 5-10 mm.

Male. — Head cinerous pollinose, pile and tomentum white.
Antennae black, faintly cinerous pollinose; first segment about three
times as long as \\ide; second segment about as wide as long, about
one-third as long as first; third segment with distinct style, about
one and one-fourth times as long as first two combined, basal half of
this segment about one-half wider than distal half. Pile of first two
segments short and black above, long and pale yellowish beneath,
white at base of first segment. Proboscis nearly half as long as body;
palpi about one-sixth the length of proboscis, hairs pale yellow.

Mesonotum very faintly gray pollinose, faint indications of
longitudinal stripes visible only in some lights. Pile of anterior half
nearly white, of posterior half yellowish; bristles yellow. Pleura
lightlv cinereous pollinose, white tomentose and pilose.

Wings clear hyaline; costa denticulate, a patch of pale yel-
lowish pile and white tomentum at its base; veins yellow at base,
shading into brown distally. Squamae pale yellow, fringe white.
Halteres yellow, knobs nearly white.

Legs black, knees yellow, tarsi brown; pile and tomentum white;
bristles black.

Abdominal dorsimi subshining; pile on sides of first three seg-
ments and anterior half of fourth white, shading upward to brown-
ish yellow on the dorsum, that of the posterior half of fourth and

The Great Basin Naturalist
22 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX. No. 1

fifth and sixth mostly brown to black, darkest on the dorsum; pile
of seventh segment and genitalia white, or nearly so. Tomentum
confined to anterior and posterior margins of segments, appearing
as prominent cross-bands on the hind margins of second, third and
fourth segments. From the lateral aspect, these cross-bands appear
to reach from the venter to about four-fifth the distance to the don
sum. Only a few scales appear at the other interstices.

Female. — In general appearance paler than the male; more to-
mentose. Tomentum of broad front white; pile pale yellow. Short
pile on upper sides of first two antennal segments yellow to brown.
Anterior half and sides and hind margin of posterior half of meson-
otum and of scutellum white tomentose; thoracic bristles pale brown-
ish yellow, the prealars nearly white. Wings not denticulate. Knobs
of halteres somewhat darker than in the male. Pile of abdomen
mostly white on venter and pale brownish yellow on dorsum, a con-
spicuous band of mostly black pile around the fourth segment from
which the species derives its name. Pile of fifth segment wholly
white. Appressed white tomentose cross-bands complete on all ab-
dominal segments; the only trace of a longitudinal stripe is a slight
thickening of the tomentum in middle of each band; no scattered
tomentum on segments between cross-bands.

Types. — Male holotype and female allotype: Whitewater, Riv-
erside County, California, October 28, 1934 (A. J. Basinger). Para-
types: California: 35 9? same data as types; San Bernardino Coun-
ty: \$ Quail Spring, October 5, 1934 (A. J. Basinger); 1? Victor-
ville. October 26, 1936; 45 3? Yucca Valley, October 5, 1934 (A. J.
Basinger). Arizona: Mohave County: 7 $ 17 miles north Wolf Hole,
September 9. 1958 (D. E. and L. M. Johnson). Pima County: 1?
Tucson, October 5, 1923; 1 $ Tucson, October 15, 1955 (F. G. Wer-
ner).

The holo-and allotypes and part of the paratypes are in the
California Academy of Science. The rest of the paratypes are in our
collection and those of the University of Arizona and Brigham Young
University.

In Hall's key this species runs 1o miscellus. Plowever, the males
of this species have black pile on the venter of at least the fourth
sternite, which miscellus does not have. The prominent black band
encircling the fourth abdominal segment of the females of this
species will readily separate them from miscellus females.

In our opinion. Hall either overlooked or chose to ignore the
differences between this species and miscellus and lumped the two.

Lordotus cingulatus lineatus, n. subsp.

Differs from cingulatus in having darker pile and tomentum in
both sexes, and in the females being conspicuously marked with a
median longitudinal stripe of dense tomentum extending the entire
length of the abdominal dorsum. Length. 6-9 mm.

Male. — Dark brown, only the knees and halteres yellow. Head
cinereus pollinose, somewhat darker on the upper occiput; tomentum

Mav ^0. 1959 the genus lordotus 23

faintly tinged with yellow, dense on face and cheeks, and on lover
posterior orbits. First antennal segment two and one-half times as
long as wide; second segment about as wide as first, only slightly
longer than wide; third segment about one and one-fourth times as
long as first two combined, slightly wider than first segment, widest
at basal third, sides of apical third almost parallel; style cylindrical,
hardly as long as wide. Pile of first segment short, dark above, long,
pale beneath; pile of second segment mostly short, dark.

Mesonotum faintly pollinose, grayish anteriorly, shading to brown
posteriorly and on scutellum; pile yellowish brown, nearly white
anteriorly, darker posteriorly and on scutellum; pleura densely gray
pollinose; pile and tomentum white below, lightly tinged wdth
brown above.

Wings hyaline, faintly tinged with brown in basal half of mar-
ginal and all of first basal cells; veins yellow basally, brown distally;
costa denticulate, pile and tomentum at its extreme base pale yel-
low.

Pile and tomentum of legs nearly white, only slightly tinged
with grayish yellow; bristles black.

Abdomen sub-shining; dense cross bands of white tomentum at
interstices of segnients interrupted in middle of dorsum by about one-
third the width of the abdomen; pile of dorsum pale grayish yellow
to dark brown or black, that on each segment anterior to the sixth
pale anteriorly and laterally, and dark posteriorly, the dark pile
on fourth and fifth segments mostly black, entirely encircling the
abdomen; except for that of fourth and fifth segments, pile of ven-
ter mostly white.

Female. — Much more tomentose than the male; broad front
densely pale grayish tomentose; pile of front, vertex, and upper
occiput yellowish brown, that of face and lower occiput white. Mod-
erately dense tomentum of mesonotum and scutellum very pale yel-
lowish gray; pile pale to dark brown. Wings not denticulate. Dense
tomentose cross-bands at abdominal interstices not internapted across
dorsum, faintly tinged with brown; a median longitudinal stripe of
dense tomentum runs entire length of abdominal dorsum; band of
dark pile encircUng abdomen confined to the fourth segment.

Types. — Male holotype and female allotype: 10 miles east San
Quentin. Baja California. Mexico. vSeptember 10. 1955 (Paul H. Ar-
naud, Jr.). Paratypes: 3 9 same data. All specimens are in our col-
lection.

The vestiture of this subspecies is much darker generally and
the scales which make up the cross-bands on the abdominal inter-
stices are larger individually and far more numerous and more ex-
tensive in this subspecies than in tho other two. The median longitud-
inal tomentose stripe on the abdominal dorsum of tho females of
this form is a very conspicuous feature.

Lordotus ringulatus ri/fotihi'alis. n. subsp.
Differs from cingulatus in tliat in tlie females the tibiae and

The Great Basin Naturalist
24 JOHNSON \ND JOHNSON Vol. XIX. No. 1

basal tarsal joints are yellowish red, and the band of black pile on
the fourth abdominal segment is interrupted, there being few or no
black hairs on the venter of this segment.

The males are indistinguishable from those of cingulatus and are
identifiable only by association with the females.

Types. — Female holotype and male allotype: Phoenix, Pima
County, Arizona. September 9, 1940 (F. If. Parker). Paratypes: \$
1? same data as types; 2S 1? San Carlos Res., Ash Creek Fl.,
Arizona (N. J. Nerney).

The holo- and allotypes and part of the paratypes are in our
collection. The rest of the paratypes are in the collection of the
University of Arizona.

Lordotus misceUus Coquillett

The type series of this species is in good condition in the U.S.
National Museum. Since none has previously been published we
deem it advisable to designate a lectotype from this series. The spec-
imen selected is a male, bearing the data labels "Cal. Coquillett Col-
lector, U.S.N.M. Ace. 10336, type specimen. Cotype No. 988
U.S.N.M., Lordotus miscellus Coquillett Type." The last label is in
Coquillett's neat hand. Dr. Willis W. Wirth assures us that he has
appropriately labeled the specimen.

Inasmuch as the type locality is broadly listed as "Cal." and
inasmuch as we have material in good condition in our collection
which, upon direct comparison with it, appears to be identical with
the lectotype in all characters studied, we herewith limit the type lo-
cality to Walker's Pass, Kern County. California. In September, 1945,
this species was represented by countless individuals on the sandy
ground among the Joshua trees in the canyon on the Great Basin
or desert side of the Pass.

Being based, we believe, on a mixed collection containing speci-
mens of both miscellus and cingulatus. Hall's redescription of this
species is not quite accurate. Except that he does not mention the
style on the third antennal segment. Painter' gives an adequate des-
cription of the species, drawn at least in part from the type series.
In Hall's discussion there is an obvious lapsus in that he states on
page 15 that "the male of miscellus does not have the costa denticu-
late."

Lordotus miscellus melcmosus, n. subsp.

Differs from miscellus Coquillett in having much darker pile on
the abdominal dorsum in both sexes and in the tomentum on the
hind margins of the tergites being much less extensive in the inales.
Length 31/^-9 mm.

Male. — Black. Head cinereous pollinose, faintl}' yellowish on
upper occiput. Tomentum of head white; pile white, faintly yellow-
ish on occiput and ocellar tubercle. Antennae black, faintly cinereous

5. Painter. Reginald H. Notes on Tvpe Specimens and Descriptions of Now Xnitli Aiiionciiii
Bonibyliidae. Trans. Kansas Acad, of Sci. Vol. 42. 19J9, pp. 2(i7-301. 2 plates.

May 30. 1959 thk gknus i.ordotus 25

poUinose; first segment three times as long as wide; second segment
about as long as broad, about as wide as first; third segment with dis-
tinct style, almost parallel-sided, about one and one-third times as
long as first two combined. Pile short and black above, long pale
yellow to brown beneath, two or three nearly black hairs near ape.K
of first segment. Proboscis black, about two-fifths as long as body and
head; palpi about one-fifth as long as proboscis, pile white.

Mesonotum pale brownish pollinose, marked with three paler
longitudinal stripes. Pleura densely cinereous pollinose. Pile of meson-
otum mostly pale brownish yellow, nearly black just before the
scutellum; tomentum nearly white, very sparse. Prealar bristles
pale brown, postalars black. Pile and tomentum of pleura faintly
yellow above to white below. Scutellum faintly brown pollinose, its
pile nearly black, paler at sides.

Wings clear hyaline; veins yellowish basally, dark brown dis-
talh'; costa denticulate, nearly white pile and tomentum at its base.
Squamae nearly white, long white pilose. Halteres yellow, knobs
nearly white.

Legs black, knees yellowish; pile and tomentum nearly white;
the spines on the fore and middle tibiae black, the large ones on the
outside of hind tibiae black, smaller ones on inside brownish yellow.

Abdomen very faintly brownish pollinose, paler on sides and
venter; pile mostly white, a broad longitudinal band along dorsum
of second to fifth segments inclusive, this band broken on fore half
of each segment by pale hairs. The dark hairs of this band are
very dark brown to black in middle, somewhat paler at sides. Bands
of appressed white tomentum at segmental interstices extend across
venter and approximately half way up the sides, this tomentum
being present on both anterior and posterior margins of each seg-
ment, that on the anterior margins lying closely appressed and par-
allel to the margin, that on the posterior margins not quite so closely
appressed and more or less opposing the margin of the segment, that
on one segment somewhat overlying that on the segment behind,
giving the effect of a single conspicuous band at each interstice that
is smooth on the leading edge and ragged behind.

Female. — Except for sexual differences, much like the male.
Somewhat paler in general appearance. Antennae somewhat less
parallel-sided than in male, broadest at the middle, tapering distally.
Pile of broad front pale yellow, tomentum white, scattered. Meso-
notum much more tomentose. especially on fore part. Prealar bristles
white, postalar and scutellar bristles pale brown. Scutellum sparsely
white tomentose. Cross-bands of white appressed tomentum of ab-
domen uninterrupted across dorsum, an indistinct central longitud-
inal stripe of white tomentum runs length of abdomen; a very few
other white scales scattered about on abdominal dorsum.

Types. — Male holotype and female allotype: Little Granite
Mountain. Tooele County, Utah. September 14, 1957 (D. E. John-
son). Paratypes: Utah: Nlillard County: 15 2? Antelope Springs,
VIII-10-1943; 15 Delta. Vin-5-1943; 3$ Lynndyl, IX-13-1953;

The Great Basin Naturalist
26 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX No. 1

225 9 Topaz (15 mi. Northwest of Delta), VIII-25-1943. Tooele
County: 47 3 9 same locality as types, IX-12-14-1955, IX-7-77-1956,
IX-12-14-1957; 105 9 Dugway Valley, ¥111-20-1955. IX-12-1955;
1 $ Indian Springs, IX-6-1956; 29 Wildcat Mountain, IX-1 7-19-1956.
Juab County: 115? Eureka, IX-3-1953. Nevada: Esmeralda Coun-
ty: 1 $ Montgomery Pass, VIII-23-1945. All specimens collected by
D. E. Johnson, and are retained in our collection, except part of the
paratypes which are in the Brigham Young University and Univer-
sity of Utah.

In addition to the great variation in size, there is some variation
in the color of the dark pile of the abdominal dorsum. The smaller
specimens tend to have somewhat paler pile and somewhat fewer
scales on the abdomen and fewer denticuli on the wings of the males
than do the larger specimens. There is a little variation in the relative
lengths of the antennal segments.

In the males of melanosus the bands of tomentum on the hind
margins of the tergites, from the lateral aspect, reach hardly more
than half the distance from the venter to the dorsum, and from the
dorsal aspect are hardly visible, while in miscellus they appear,
from the lateral aspect, to reach quite or nearly to the dorsum, and
from the dorsal aspect they appear to almost join across the dorsum.
In melanosus the dark hairs of the abdominal dorsum are dark
brown to black, while in miscellus they are mostly reddish brown.
In miscellus the pale hairs of the abdomen are yellowish except on
the extreme venter; in mehmosus most of this pile, except in the dark
dorsal band, is white.

As we found miscellus very common on the sandy ground among
the Joshua trees of Walker's Pass on the western edge of the Great
Basin, so have we found melanosus very common on the sandy
ground among the junipers of the lower hills and among the sand
dunes in the valleys of the eastern part of the Great Basin. The
type locality of this species is the lower western slope of Little Gran-
ite Mountain, a low desert hill on the eastern edge of Dugway Val-
ley. Tooele County, Utah. A scattered stand of Utah junipers oc-
cupies the stabilized dunes of the old shoreline of one of the lower
levels of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville. Eriogonum dubium Stark
and various species of Chrysothamnus make up the major part of
the shrubs present. At the height of its season melanosus is to be
found here in countless numbers. Associated with it in more mod-
erate numbers are Lordotus pulchrissimus pulchrissimus Williston
and L. gibbus striatus Painter, as well as a number of species of bee-
flies of other genera.

CARL LINNAEUS' CONTRIBUTIONS AND COLLF.CTIONS

By Vasco M, Taimei'

Carl Linnaeus' Early Life and Schooling

Carl Linnaeus, the eldest of Nils Ingeniarsson's large family,
was born on the 23rd of May. 1707. Destined to become a revered
contributor to the field of taxonomy, Linnaeus' early years were
frought with poverty and indecision as to his goal in life. His father,
a vicar at Rashult, devoted much of his time to caring for a garden
of trees, shrubs, and flowers. The family name, not having been
chosen was changed to Linnaeus, out of regard for a large linden-trfe
which was growing near the home. Carl early displayed an aptitude
for the study and care of plants. He shyed away from the high calling
of the priesthood which his father intended for him. At school he
succeeded in the physical and biological sciences. When twenty years
of age, he became an under-graduate in the University of Lund
where for one vear he began the study of medicine. Ihe next year.
1 728. he transferred to the University of Upsala where he could
get better training in medicine. Linnaeus, because of the lack of
funds, was handicapped in his early studies but due to his manifest
native ability and achievement in the Natural Science he was soon
rewarded by grants and financial aid.

In 1 732. Linnaeus was chosen by the Academy of Upsala to
make journeys of exploration in Lapland. He spent five months
traveling more than 4000 miles collecting and recording observations
on the plants, animals, and customs of the Laplanders. Upon his
return to Upsala he began to give lectures on Botany and Natural
Science, but was soon prevented from continuing them because of
a lack of a degree.

While exploring in Lapland. Linnaeus made the acquaintance
of his future wife, daughter of a wealthy physician of Falun. When
he asked for her hand in marriage her father consented only on the
condition that he would obtain a medical degree and establish him
self in the practice of medicine. In order to prepare himself to earn
a living he, therefore, decided to finish his medical studies at the
University of Harderwyck in Holland. He had practically met the
requirenu'iifs foe the medical degree by his previous studies at
Upsala.

Linnaeus Spends Three Years in Holland and England

With some financial help from his fiance he entered the Uni-
versity at Harderwyck from which institution he was granted the
degree in .lune, 1735. He did not return to Upsala. but applied him-
self to the completion and {)ubli'^hing at Loyden of the first edition
of the Systema Naturae whidi made of him a famous botanist. His

I. Conlriliiilion Nn. 167 fimii Dep.ii liuiiil u\ /iMilogy iiiiil KiilipiiKilugy. IJiigliiini ^imiig Ini-
\er5ily.

27

28

VASCO M. TANNER

The Great Basin Naturalist

Vol. XIX, No. 1

This portrait of Carl Linnaeus was painted by Martinus Hoff-
man in 1737 during Linnaeus' stay at De llartekamp. Linnaeus is
shown in his Lapland costume. On his belt is a knife, runic calendar,
a tobacco pouch and a pair of gloves. In his left hand he holds a
fortune-teller's case. The original portrait is in the National Museum
for History of Science at Leyden.

May 30. 1Q'50 carl linnaeus 29

finances now almost exhausted, upon the recommendation of the
foremost physician in Europe, Hermann Boerhaave, head professor
of Medicine at Leyden University; he became ph3^sician in ordinary
of the Amsterdam burgomaster Clifford at the Country-seat "De
Hartekamp,"' now the "Linnaeushof."

For a few days in May, 1957. the writer had the opportunity of
visiting Linnaeushof. In the middle ages this countryside was treeless
and sparsely populated. By the middle of the 17th Century the
mercantile population of Holland was establishing country summer
residences in this dune area. The lands were planted with oaks,
beeches, and firs, etc. in order to bind the drifting sands. Many of
these trees still grace the landscape around Linnaeushof. Some of the
estates were planted with exotic plants and extensive formal gar-
dens. With the coming of the Amsterdam and Leyden Canals, about
1650. many of the smaller country holdings were consolidated into
large estates. One of these was "De llartekamp."

When Linnaeus took up his abode in the autumn of 1 735, as the
physician of the wealthy banker, Mr. Clifford, he was overwhelmed
by the beauty and richness of the flora and fauna of this homestead.
One of the important books which he wrote while at "De Harte-
kamp." now a book-lover's delight, was "Hortus Cliffortianus." To
quote Linnaeus in his preface to this unique book he describes his
stay as "the happiest time of my life." He also w^rites, "My eyes
were at once delighted by so many masterpieces of nature supported
by art, avenues, flowerbeds, statues, ornamental waters and hills
and mazes so ingeniously made. I was fascinated by your menager-
ies full of tigers, monkeys, wild dogs. Indian deer and goats, South-
American and African swine. Their cries mixed with those of flocks
of birds, such as American Falcons, various kinds of parrots, pheas-
ants, peacocks, guinea-fowls, American black game, Indian fowls,
swans, different kinds of geese and ducks, gulls and other kinds of
web-footed birds, snipe, American crossbills, different species of
sparrows, turtles and other pigeons, as well as many other species
of birds whose cries the garden echoed with.

Linnaeus continues: "On entering the hothouses I was amazed
at the abundance of plants, as a Northerner I could not but feel
bewitched, not knowing in what foreign part of the world I had
landed. In the first hothouse masses of flowers originating from
southern Europe were grown, plants from Spain, southern France,
Italy, Sicily and the Greek Isles. In the second treasures from Asia
wore found, such as ginger plants, poincains, magistans, coco-and
Mthcf palms, as well as other species; in the third I saw Africa's
plants peculiarly shaped or rather misshaped, such as the numerous
forms of aloes and mesembryantliomums. carrionflowers, euphor-
bias, crassula-and protea-species, etc. In the fourth and last hothouse
the charming inhabitants of America and of the rest of the New
World were grown, such as big groups of cactus species, orchids,
passion-flowers, yam. magnolias, tulip-trees, calabash-trees, arrow-
root, cassias, acacias, tamarind-trees, pepper-trees, species of pine-

The Great Basin Naturalist
^(1 VASCO M. 'I'ANNKR Vol, XIX. No. 1

apple, nianicinilla and numerous other plants which surrounded ba-
nanas, the most stately plants in the world, exquisitely beautiful her-
nandios. silvery glossy protea species and most valuable camphor-
trees. When after admiring all this. I entered the truly royal house
and the extremely instructive museum, whose collections no less
added to the proprietor's fame, I stood entirely fascinated, because I
never saw the like of it before. -My fei-vent wish was to lend a hand
to the care of all this."

It was in such a naturalist's paradise as this that Linnaeus
found himself. Here his grandiose plans come to maturity, and as a
result of his new situation and studies he wrote some of his botanical
books which laid a basis for present day botany. During the next two
years he produced a series of works, most of which were new con-
tributions in the field of Natural Science, such as the Bihliothecn
Botanica, Fundamenta Botanica, Flora Lapponica, Genera Plantarum,
and Critica Botanica. Linnaeus was busy during the three years he
was away from Sweden. In 1736 he spent three months in England;
the cost being borne by Clifford. While at "De Hartekamp' 'his health
was broken due to long hours spent writing his books. For a year
before returning to the University of Upsala in July 1738, he
studied at Leyden and visited the great naturalists in Paris.

The leaders in the Haarlem area of Holland in April, 1956.
feeling a responsibility towards the past and the future, set aside
a portion of the "De Hartekamp" as a botanical garden to be known
as "Linnaeushof." The following is a quotation from a speech by
the Right Honourable Dr. M. J. Prinsen, Governor of the Province
of North Holland at the inauguration of the "Linnaeushof."

"The informant of the Swedish Embassy conveyed to me the
kind request to open to the public this garden sacred to the memory
of Linnaeus.

"In 1735, he came to our country, and through the great Boer-
haave he was placed in entire charge of the botanical garden "De
Hartekamp," the country-seat of the Amsterdam burgomaster Clif-
ford. I'he part which now is the Linnaeushof, was the so-called
"Overplaats" of the Hartekamp. Linnaeus had attracted general
notice by a booklet of 14 pages only, the Systema Naturae, which he
liad written at Leyden, and which leapt into fame. In this booklet he
upheld a novel division of the realms of nature, viz. the vegetable
kingdom, the animal kingdom and^'^he mineral kingdom. At the
Hartekamp Linnaeus spent happy years, and thanks to his endeav-
ours and work the "Hortus Cliffortianus" was called "Europe's most
beautiful garden" in those days already.

"I wish to put forward these few facts in this connection in order
to bring home to you that you find yourselves on historic soil, and
that you and I are under great obligations to the past. Next to this
debt of gratitude there is our responsibility towards the present.
For unfortunately the Linnaeushof is one of the few survivals of
the ancient hilly woodland between the bulb-district and the more
and more increasing population of Haarlem and Heemstede. The

May 30. 1959 carl linnaeus 31

preservation of rural scenery in this country on the estates at the
foot of the dunes, and which are on the provisional list of nature
reserves, is a matter of national interest."

A year after Linnaeus returned to Sweden he married his faith-
ful fiance, but did not establish a medical practice, since he was ap-
pointed to a professorship of physics and anatomy at the University
of Upsala. In 1 742, he was given the chair of botany which position
he held until his death in 1778. lie was succeeded by his only son
who died in 1783. At the death of his son, his mother and sole
executrix offered the whole of the Linnean collections and books for
sale.

Linnaeus' Collection and Library Purchased by
James Edward Smith of London, England
Founding of the Linnean Society of London

Since so few of the local biologists are aware of the present lo-
cation of Linnaeus' collections and library, I feel that it is an oppor-
tune time to make the following brief report to the membership of
the Utah Academy.

The following excerpts are from a four-page pamphlet, published
by the Linnean Society, entitled: "The Linnean Society of London:
Its Origin, History and Objects." October, 1948.

"The circumstances that led to the founding of the Linnean
Society of London ten years after the death of the great Swedish
naturalist Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778). from whom it takes its
name, were closely connected with the purchase of the Linnean
Collections by an Englishman. On the death of the younger Linnaeus
in 1783. his mother and sole executrix offered the whole of the Lin-
nean Collections to Sir Joseph Banks, and on the inorning when this
offer was received. James Edward Smith (1759-1828) a young Nor-
wich medical student then settled in London was breakfasting with
Banks, who told him that he intended to decline the offer, and
strongly urged him to become the purchaser. Smith wrote to Upsala
the same day. and the purchase money, one thousand guineas, w^as
advanced by Smith's father; the collections and books arrived in
London in 1784.

"The chief collections now possessed by the Society are those of
Linnaeus, the younger Linnaeus, and Sir James Edward Smith;
also a British Herbarium founded upon the collections of N. J.
Winch. W. Withering, and others.

"The Librar}' of the Society has grown rapidly during its exis-
tence, and now contains about 70,000 volumes in addition to the
books which belonged to Linnaeus, many of which are enriched by
his notes; the Society also posses many manuscripts of value, and
a fine series of portraits. The number of Fellow^s exceeds 700, with
50 Foreign Members and 25 Associates honoris causa, as well as
20 ordinary Associates."

The Great Basin Naturalist
32 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XIX, No. 1

Collections of Plants and Animals from America
Studied by Linnaeus

Some of the specimens of this valuable collection come from
North America. The first English scientist in America was Thomas
Harriott, age 25, who came to the Carolinas with Raleigh (1585). He
was one of the foremost scholars of his time, having been schooled
at Oxford his birthplace. 1560. He made a collection of mammals,
birds, fishes and plants. Harriott had a companion, John With
(White),- who made 112 drawings in water color of the plants and
animals studied by him. These drawings are now in the British Mus-
eum. When Harriott returned to England he prepared a book Brief
and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia which was pub-
lished at Frankfort-on-the-Main in 1590. In his book Harriott refers
to some of the fishes of Carolina; lists the names of- 28 species of
mammals and 86 species of birds, 25 of which were illustrated by
With. The Natural Science of North America thus begins with
Thomas Harriott.

Harriott's specimens and report created in the European Uni-
versity circles a keen interest in the flora and fauna of the new found
country. In fact, all Europe was anxious to hear the wonders of
America and to see the interesting animals and plants which explor-
ers might be able to bring back to the centers of learning. Most, if
not all. of these specimens were sought after by princes or wealthy
land-holders, the like of Mr. Clifford. Peter Artedi a countryman
and classmate of Linnaeus' applied himself to Zoology, chiefly
ichthyology. In 1 734, he went to London where he continued his
studies in Zoology. A year later, 1735, he came to Amsterdam where
he was employed to study a larger collection of fishes belonging
to a wealthy apothecary. During these years he prepared a work
on fishes which was later published by Linnaeus, since Artedi was
drowned in the autumn of 1735. Throughout Artedi's treatiese are
many references to fishes from America. He saw and studied these
fishes in collections at Amsterdam, the Hans Sloane collection in
London, and in Chelsea and at Stratford in England. Many of the
collections made in America prior to and during the lifetime of Lin-
naeus fell into his hands and many of the species were described and
incorporated into the editions of his Systema Naturae.

Captain John Smith who re-established the English in the New
World at Jamestown in 1606, had a report on the life of Virginia
printed in 1612 and his General History in 1624. In these, birds,
mammals and fishes are listed, thus supplementing the reports of
Harriott.

In the Plymouth colony such men as Thomas Morton. Thomas
(ilover. William Wood, and John Josselyn contributed to the know-
ledge of the natural history of the New England states between 1634
and 1 700. Some of these men were correspondents of the Royal
Society of London. Charles I and Charles II of England were inter-

1. Rowse. A, I., •Tlie Kliznljctliiiii-. ;iiul Amciica: Part II. Of HaU'iKJi and Tlic Fust Plan-
latinn." Anipriiiiii I li'ritafic. \'nl. X. No. 4. pj). )-l'l. IMo**.

May 30. 1959 cari. linnaeus 35

ested in the fauna and flora of the New World, and Charles I sent
John Tradescant, the younger, to collect plants and animals.

Other notables of the seventeenth century and early eighteenth
century were John Banister (1668-1700); John Clayton (168^ 1773);
John Mitchell (1680-1772); William Byrd (1674-1744); Dr. Alex-
ander Garden (1728-1791) and Cadwaflander Golden (1688-1776).
These collectors and ()bsei-\'ers, along with John Bartram. sent large
collections of animals and plants to England. Peter Collinson and
John Ellis, London merchants who never were in America, assisted
the above-mentioned men to get their collections to England and
into the hands of responsible workers.

John Banister, a clergyman and also a student of John Ray,
became a careful collector and student in Virginia. He sent a paper to
the Royal Society in 1693 wdth drawings of the land snails and mus-
sels of his area. He also collected insects and sent his observations
on fifty-two species to England. This report was published by the
Royal Society in 1701. Banister was a botanist of note. His "Cat-
alogus Plantarum in Virginia observatarum" was printed in 1686
and Croode'' records this as the first taxonomic paper upon natural
history which emanated from America.

John Clayton, Attorney-General of Virginia who spent fifty-
one years in this country, made a wide collection of plants. He cor-
responded with Linnaeus and Collinson. His "Flora Virginica"
through the assistance of Gronovius and Linnaeus began to be
published in 1739 and extended to 1762 before being finished. The
large collection of plants as well as manuscripts made by Clayton
were destroyed by fire. This was probably the most important bot-
anical work in America prior to Gray and Torrey. According to
Goode, Linnaeus is said to have called Clayton the "Greatest natural
botanist in the world," and George III honored him in 1765 with the
title of "Botanist to I lis Majesty for the Floridas," and bestowed upon
him a pension of fifty pounds a year.

Dr. John Mitchell published a paper entitled the Elements of
Botany and Zoology. This was in 1738. contemporary with Linnaeus*
first edition of his Systema Naturae. Mitchell was a fellow of the
Royal Society and corresponded with Linnaeus.

Dr. Garden was a botanist, but did his best work in fishes and
reptiles. He sent large collections of fishes to Linnaeus. So well pre-
served were these fishes that when Dr. Goode examined them in
1883. he found them in excellent condition in the Linnaeus' collec-
tion in London.

Garden, Colden, Bartram, Mitchell, Clayton, and Ellis, as well
as Linnaeus' own students Kalni, Alstroem, and Kuhn, were active
in supplying Linnaeus with plant and animal specimens. Great pro-
gress was made in bringing to light the fauna and flora of the new,
as well as the old world. For example. John Ray in 1690 made an
estimate of the number of plants and animals known at that time.

3. Goode. (i. Brown. IH«(>. ■■'llio Ucniniilnt;s of Niitiiial llislmy iii Amum k .1. ' I'm. Rml S(ir
Washington. Vol. 5. pp. iSIOi.

The Great Basin Naturalist
34 VASCO M. TANNER Vol. XIX. No. 1

The mammals and serpents were placed at 150 and the birds at near
500. Linnaeus in his twelfth edition described 210 mammals, 124
reptiles and 790 species of birds. Note that 78 mammals, or one-
third of Linnaeus' list were American; 88, or two-thirds of the rep-
tiles were from America, and one-third of the birds were American.

It is also of interest to point out that forty-five species of birds
known to occur in Utah were named by Linnaeus. Many other
species of the Utah fauna were also named by Linnaeus, in spite
of the fact that he never traveled outside of Europe and England.

It was my good fortune to spend some time in June, 1957, in
the collections and library of the Linnean Society of London now
located in the Burlington House. Piccadilly. London, WI. I examined
the original journal kept by Linnaeus while on his Lapland expe-
dition. His notes in his hand writing are interspersed with drawings
illustrating the plants, animals and Laplander's handy work. I saw
the insect collection and was permitted to study some of the speci-
mens vvdth a wide-field microscope.

Linnaeus after 200 Years, 1758-1958;
DarM^in after 100 Years, 1859-1959

Linnaeus had great ability and a yen to categorize the animate
world. True, he used the findings of his predecessors and contempor-
aries in making his generalizations and establishing his nomenclator-
ial systems. lie did, however, for the first time divide the animal
kingdom into classes, which he characterized, introduced orders for
the first time into the system of Zoology, besides definitely establish-
ing genera and species which had been vaguely distinguished before.
He succeeded in placing every known plant and animal, of his time,
into the categories of his system. In doing this he established his
binominal system, that of giving each plant and animal species a
generic and species name of two words. Linnaeus must also be given
the credit for the development of a method of formal description of
organisms which is essentially similar to that still in use today.

By the way of review it may be well to point out that during
a period of 40 years while Linnaeus was bringing about these re-
forms, he was building for himself a rating as the outstanding nat-
uralist of the 18th Century. His epoch-making contribution, the
Systema Naturae, small though it was in the beginning, 1735, grew
into a mighty tome by 1 766. It is quite impossible to measure its
impact upon the development of Natural History in America as well
as in the world.

Last year, 1958. we honored Linnaeus for his Systema Naturae
and other contributions of 200 years ago. This year. 1959, we pause
to do honor to Charles Darwin for his "Origin of Species" of 100
years ago. These two great men, however, did not agree as to the
origin of species. Linnaeus believed in the fixity of species as opposed
to Darwin's belief in changes and evolution by natural selection.
The publication of Darwin's "Origin of Species by Means of Natural
Selection," has had much to do with the making of contrasts between

May 30. 1959 carl linnaf.us 35

the beliefs and practices of naturalists before its appearance and
those of their present successors. The coming forth of this book has
resulted in a tremendous stimulation of biological thought and work.
It has had a great effect upon the Linnean taxonomy, through the
introduction of a belief of species continuity and phylogeny. Natural-
ists for the past century have been 'led to develop the basic fields of
physiology, comparative morphology, embryology, genetics, and
ecology and to turn the spotlight of their findings upon the sys-
tematics and phylogeny of the almost unbelievably great number of
described species.

To both of these great naturalists who helped to bring order
and a natural understanding of a world of more than one and one-
half million plant and animal species, we owe a great debt of grati-
tude. Biologists of today follow and use their findings in the building
of their biological philosophy.

BACKGROUND RADIATION AND ENDEMIC FAUNAE RANGE
IN THE SAN LUIS VALLEY OF SOUTHERN COLORADO

Josepli C. Daniel Jr.' anrl R. Leonard Blain

Mutations, one of the main tools of speciation, can be produced
by radiations and are produced proportional to the dosage of radia-
tion. Theoretically then, if adequate isolating mechanisms and select-
ive environmental pressures exist, areas of higher background rad-
iations (i.e. soil and cosmic) should exhibit more speciation than
areas of lower radiation. It was decided to test this hypothesis in a
locality where these conditions seem to exist.

The San Luis Valley of Southern Colorado (Fig. 1) has variable
soil radioactivity and is unique in the variety of its isolating mechan-
isms. Along with the physical limits imposed by the surrounding
mountain ranges, it has a cold, dry climate, a very alkaline soil, and
sparse vegetation. (See Ramaley. 1929)

Seven terrestrial animals are known either to be endemic to
the San Luis Valley or to have ranges that barely exceed the valley
boundaries. Of these, three are insects and four are rodents, groups
that generally submit readily to speciation. The ranges of these or-
ganisms are not known precisely and were calculated by extend-
ing the areas around and between points of observation or collection.
The ranges listed below and shown on Figures 2 and 3 are, at best,
approximations.
Cicindela theatina Rotger (Sand Dunes tiger beetle): At edge of Great Sand

Dunes in sands with scanty vegetation. (Rotger, 1944)
Serica bruneri Dawson (Scarabaeid beetle): In sandy areas around Blanca,

Colorado. (Personal communication from Rev. Bernard Rotger)
Pseudohazis hera mangifica Rotger (Small moth): In sage brush belt of Costilla

County, probably extending south to Taos. New Mexico.

(McDunnough. 1948)
Eutamias minimus caryi Merriam (Cary chipmunk): Eastern part of Costilla

and Saguache Counties. (Merriam, 1908; Warren; 1910)
Reithrodontomys montanus (Baird) (Mountain harvest mouse): North-eastern

part of the valley. (Baird, 1855; Warren, 1910)
Perodipus montanus (Baird) San Luis kangaroo rat): Sandy areas along eastern

side and possibly over whole valley. (Baird, 1855; Warren, 1910)
Thomomys taloides agrestis Merriam (San Luis pocket gopher): Northeastern

part of vallev. (Merriam. 1908; Warren. 1910)

In addition to these there are three fish; namely Gila nigrescens
(Girard). Plantosteus plebeius (Baird & Girard) and Tinea tinea L.
(introduced from Europe in 1894). All three are found in the north-
ern Rio Grande drainage, much of which lies in the valley. Since
they live in water, fish do not lend themselves to this particular
study. The eight-eyed leech, Theromyzon sp. has also been described
from this area. It was found by Wheeler's expedition in 1874. but
the type, and only, specimen is lost.

To measure the soil radif)aclivity, a grid-section map of the San
Luis Valley was prepared. Botmdaries were set at 8000 to 8500 feet
levels, as determined by the surrounding mountains (boundaries and
map outlines from Lantis, 1950). Transect studies depending on
available roads were made at six to eight mile intervals. Over a

I. .\claiiis Stale Cullege. .\l<iiiiuba. Culuiddu.

37

38

The Great Basin Naturalist
DANIEL AND BLAIN ' Vol. XIX, No. 1

Fig 1. Location map of the San Luis Valley in Southern Colorado

May ^0, 1959 radiation and edp:mic fauna

39

Cicindela theatina Rotger
S erica bruneri Dawson

magnifica Rotger

C'olorado
New Alexico

Fig. 2 Approximate ranges of the endemic insects of the San Luis

Valley.

40

The Great Basin Naturalist
DANIEL AND BLAIN Vol. XIX, No. 1

S

Eutarnias minimus
caryi Merriam

Reithrodontomys
montanus (Baird)

Thomomys talpoides
agrestis Merriam

Perodipus montanus
(Baird J

Colorado
New Mexico

Fig. 3. Approximate ranges of the endemic rodents of the San Luis

Valley

Mav SO. 1959

RADIATION AND EDF.MIC FAUNA

41

Now Mexico

Fig 4. Soil radioactivity of the San Luis Valley

The Great Basin Naturalist
42 DANIEL AND BLAIN Vol. XIX, No. 1

four week period in November and December of 1958, background
radiation (mostly Gamma) was measured at each transection comer
by the use of a "Precision" field scintillator. The results are plotted
on the map (Fig. 4) so that the density of the stippling is propor-
tional to the radiation.

Ihe soil radioactivity varied from .011 milliroentgens per hour
(mr./hr.) up to .046 mr./hr. One small strip along the southwestern
base of Mount Blanca had a maximum reading of .026 mr./hr. and
another very high radiation area at the base of the San Juan Moun-
tains in the Cat Creek drainage had a maximum reading of .046
mr./hr. This high intensity fades out gradually both to the north and
south. The lowest radiation areas exist in the north and southeastern
portions of the valley. Both areas provide about .014 mr./hr. Gen-
erally the highest soil radioactivity exists along the western boun-
dary of the valley.

It appears obvious, from reference to the maps in figures 2, 3,
and 4, that no correlation exists here between high background
radiation and endemic faunal ranges. If anything, almost the oppo-
site relationship seems to exist. The areas in which these endemic
forms live are typically characterized by sand, scanty vegetation
and some sage brush, and probably as such, furnish the significant
isolation and environmental pressures. The background radiation
pattern may have had some influence on speciation if we could as-
sume that it was different at the time the species arose or if the
species range had changed since. We have no evidence to support
either of these hypotheses. It may be noted that in their ranges
most of these endemic animals aren't in the high radiation areas.
This may be coincidental or may be evidence of some other relation-
ship that could be uncovered by further study.

Literature Cited
Baird, S. F., 1855. Characteristics of some new species of North

American Mammalia collected chiefly in connection with the

U. S. Surveys of a Railroad Route to the Pacific. Proc. Acad.

Nat. Sci., Philadelphia. VII: 333-336.
Lantis, D. W., 1950. The San Luis Valley, Colorado: Sequent Rural

Occupance in an intermountane basin. Doctoral Dissertation

from Ohio State University
McDunnough, J., 1948. A New Race of Pseudohazis hera from South-
ern Colorado. Journal of the New York Entomological Society

Vol. LVI (4): 249-250
Merriam, C. H.. 1908. Three new rodents from Colorado. Proc. Biol.

Soc, Washington. XXI p. 143-144
Ramaley, F., 1929. Botany of the San Luis Valley in Colorado.

Univ. of Colo. Studies. XVII (1): 27-44
Rotger, B., 1944. A new species of Cicindela and two new records of

Coleoptera. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. Vol XX (2) : 76-77
Warren, E. R.. 1910. The Mammals of Colorado. G. P. Putnam's

Sons, New York and London, 300 pages.

The Great Basin Naturalist

A journal published from one to four times a year by Brigham
Young University, Provo, Utah.

Manuscripts: Only original unpublished manuscripts, pertain-
ing to the Great Basin and the Western United States in tiie main,
will be accepted. Manuscrtipts are subject to the approval of the
editor.

Illustrations: All illustrations should be made with a view to
having them appear within the limits of the printed page. The ill-
ustrations that form a part of an article should accompany the
manuscript. All half-tones or zinc etchings to appear in this jour-
nal are to be made under the supervision of the editor, and the cost
of the cuts is to be borne by the contributor.

Reprints: No reprints are furnished free of charge. A price
list for reprints and an order form is sent with the proof.

Subscriptions: The annual subscription is $2.50, (outside the
United States $3.25). Single number, 80 cents.

All correspondence dealing with manuscripts, subscriptions,
reprints and other business matters should be addressed to the Editor,
Vasco M. Tanner, Great Basin Naturalist, Brigham Young Univer-
sity, Provo, Utah.

Reprints Schedule of The Great Basin Naturalist

Each
Additional

2 pp. 4 pp. 6 pp. 8 pp. 10 pp. 12 pp. 2 pp.
50 copies $5.00 $6.00 $7.00 $8.00 $9.00 $10.00 $1.50
100 copies 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00

200 copies 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00

300 copies 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00

Covers: $8.00 for first 100 copies; $3.00 for additional 100 copies.

The Great Basin Naturalist

Published by
Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah

Volume XIX November 28, 1959 Nos. 2 and 3

DESCRIPTIONS, SYNONYMY, AND CHECK-LIST OF
AMERICAN HYDROMETRIDAE

( Hemiptera : Heteroptera ) .

Carl J. Drake' and David R. Lauck"

The present paper describes four new species of Neotropical
Ilydrometridae. and attempts to straighten out the synonymy and
confusion in the literature relative to the identification of Hydro-
meta caraiba Guerin-Meneville of Cuba, H. agenor Kirkaldy of
Ecuador, and H. championiana Torre-Bueno of Panama. It also
enumerates the species known to inhabit the Western Hemisphere,
including their synonymy and distribution. The Mexican and Cen-
tral American species were collected by the junior author and Wilson
Wheatcroft of Bethesda, Md. The types of the new species are in
the Drake Collection (USNM).

Hyrometra intonsa Drake & Hottes

Figs. 1, 2, & 13

Hydrometra intonsa Drake & Hottes, 1952, Kansas Ent. Soc, Vol. 25, p. 106

Brachypterous female. — Slightly more robust than male, the
color, markings, pronotal, propleural, and acetabular pits practically
the same in both sexes. Antennal measurements: I, 0.57 mm.; iL
0.87 mm.; Ill, 2.50 mm.; IV, 0.76 mm. Wing-pads grayish brown
with veins fuscous-brown, reaching a little beyond metanotum.
Exterior edge of the apical third and all of seventh connexival seg-
ments furnished with moderately long, brownish fuscous, erect hairs
(fig. 1). Length 10 mm.

Allotype (female) and two other females, Costa Rica (San
Jose), 16. v. 1957. One apterous male was also taken with the
allotype. The male (fig. 2) differs slightly from the holotype
(brachypterous male. Cuidad Victoria. Mexico) in having the
second antennal segment slightly longer (36:31) and the tuft of
long hairs on each side (near the hina margin) of the seventh ter-
gite mission. These differences seem to be varietal rather than
specific.

1. Smithsonian Institution, Washington. D. C

2. University of Illinois, Urbana, Illonis. Completed while holding a .National Science Founda-
tion fellowship.

43

IWU5. LUMP. ZSUL
LIBRARY

JANG 1960
UNl'vERSiTY

44

DRAKE AND LAUCK

The Great Basin Naturalist

Vol. XIX. Nos. 2 & 3

Hydrometra ciliosa, n. sp.

Figs. 4. 6, & 14

Long, rather slender, testaceous-brown, beneath with a pale
spot at the base of each connexival segment, the first and second
antennal segments darkened at apex. Length 10.5 mm.

Head with anteocular part 1.95 mm. long, postocular 0.75 mm.
long; ventral interocular groove shallow, not longer than an eye;
clypeus brown, longer than wide, slightly narrowed on lateral sides
in front. Labium nearly reaching to the middle of postocular space.
Length of antennal segments: I, 0.65 mm.; II, 1.05 mm.; Ill very

1. Hydrometra intonsa Drake & Hottes, 9 lateral aspect.

2. Hydrometra intonsa Drake & Hottes, $ lateral aspect.

long and curled; IV, 1.65 mm. Forelegs with apex of femur slightly
surpassing tip of clypeus; hind femur barely extending beyond
genital segments.

Pronotum 1 : 80 mm. long, with hind tobe twice as long as fore
lobe, with median longitudinal pale line extending entire length of
pronotum and scarcely impressed; front lobe impunctate, the collar
set-off by an encircling row of moderately large pits; hind lobe with
a row of pits on median line, with a very large number of pits on
each side of median line. All acetabula with numerous pits, which
are only feebly larger than those on the hind lobe of pronotum;
fore acetabulum with 6 pits in front of cleft and 9 behind it. mid-

Nov. 28. 1959

AMERICAN HYDROMETRIDAE

45

die acetabulum with () pits in front of cleft and 10 behind it. hind
acetabulum with 10 pits; propleuron with H pits; pits arranged
as in illustration (fig. 14).

I lemelytra 4.00 mm. long, extending to base of seventh tergite;
abdomen 5.50 mm. long, seventh tergite with tuft of very long hairs
on each side near hind margin, the genital segment impressed on
each side (figs. 4 & 6). Female and brachypterous forms unknown.

Ilolotype (male, La Union, El Salvador, 24. vii. 1957.

Separated from H. intonsa by the more numerous acetabular
pits (figs. 13 & 14) and the arrangement of hairy vestiture on the

3. Hydrornetra caraiba Guerin-Meneville, 5 ventral aspect.

4. Hydrornetra ciliosa n. sp., $ ventral aspect.

5. Hydrornetra exalla n. sp., $ ventral aspect.

seventh ventrite and sides of first genitla segment (figs. 4 & 6).
The second antennal segment and body are also longer than in H.
intonsa.

I lydrornctrd crossa. n. sp.
Figs. 7. 11. Sz 15

Brownish fuscous with head and apices of first two antennal
segments dark fuscous; body grayish beneath with a wide. long,
brown stripe on each side of abdomen and thorax. Length, 12.80
mm.

Head with anteocular length 2.50 itmi. and postocular 1.05
mm.; ventral interocular sulcus short, not longer than eye; clypeus

46

DRAKE AND LAUCK

The Great Basin Naturalist

Vol. XIX. Nos. 2 & 3

blackish fuscous, longer than wide. Labium extending between the
eyes. Antennal measurements: I, 0.55 mm.; II, 1.15 mm.; Ill very
long and curled; IV, 2.00 mm. Anterior femur reaching to anten-
niferous tubercles, the hind femur barely surpassing last genital
segment. Acetabular pits (fig. 15) large, sharply defined; anterior
acetabulum with 6-8 pits in front of cleft and 9-1 1 behind it. mid-
dle acetabulum with 6-7 pits before cleft and 9-11 behind it. hind
acetabulum with 12-13 pits.

6. Hydronietra ciliusa n. sp., $ lateral aspect.

7. Hydronietra crossa n. sp., $ lateral aspect.

8. Hydronietra alloiona n. sp.. $ lateral aspect.

9. Hydronietra exalla n. sp.. $, lateral aspect.

10. Hydronietra caraiba Guerin-Meneville, $ lateral aspect.

11. Hydronietra crossa n. sp.. $ ventral aspect.

12. Hydronietra alloiona n. sp., $ ventral aspect.

Nov. 28, 1959

AMERICAN HYDROMETRIDAE

47

Proiiotuni with front lobe nearly one-third the length of hind
lobe, with the frosted median, longitudinal line extending its entire
length; fore lobe impunctate, with collar demarcated by an encircl-
ing row of pits which are slightly larger than those on hind lobe;

1 1 Hydromrtra intonsa Drake & Hottcs. jk cliihiihir- and \unp\i'uvi\\ pits.

14. Hydroinetra ciliosa n. sp.. acetabular and propleiiral pits.

H. Hydrometra crossa n. sp.. acetabular and pr()i)Ieural [)its.

16. Hydromctra alloiona n. sp.. atetabulai and propleural pits.

17. Hydrometra eialla n. sp.. acetabular and propleural pits.

The Great Basin Naturalist
48 DRAKE AND LAUCK Vol. XIX. NoS. 2 & 3

propleural pits ranging from (>1(). feebly larger than those on hind
pronotal lobe; hind lobe with the median frosted line impressed and
provided with a row of pits, dark fuscous on each side of impressed
line, with a very large number of pits on each side of median line.
Abdomen 6.75 mm. long; elytra 5.25 mm. long, extending almost
to middle of sixth dorsal tergite. First abdominal tergite provided
jjeneath with very long hairs (figs. 7 & 11). the second segment
impressed on each side. Female and apterous forms unknown.

Holotype (macropterous male) and 1 nvc\\e paKitypr. Choluteca,
Honduras, 20. vii. 1957.

Allied to H. ciliata. and easily separated from it h^• the position
of the long hairs on the inferior side of the seventh abdominal ter-
gite and the slightly shorter fore and hind feiiiota.

Hydronictra alloinna. n. sp.
Figs. 8. 12. & l(j

Brachypterous form. — Very long, brownish, grayish brown
beneath, wing-pads with veins dark, appendages brownish test-
aceous. Length. 15.00 mm.

Head with anteocular part 1.75 nmi. long, postocular part 1.10
mm. long; labium fuscous, reaching to the eyes. Antennae miss-
ing. Pronotum 2.30 mm. long with frosted, median, longitudinal
front; fore lobe impimctate, one-half as long as hind lobe; hind
lobe punctate on median line, with numerous pits on each side of
it. Acetabula (fig. 16) with large pits; anterior acetabulum with six
pits in front of cleft and eight behind it. middle acetabulum with 6
pits in front of cleft and 8 behind it. hind acetabulum with 1 1 pits.
Propleuron with one row^ of eight pits, the pits a little smaller than
those of the acetabula.

Abdomen 5.03 mm. long, the metathoracic wing pads barely
reaching to base of the abdomen. Fore femora reaching considerably
beyond the tip of the head, the hind femora extending much be-
yond last genital segments. Male genital segments with process
as in illustrations (figs. 8 & 12).

Holotype (brachypterous male) from Estelli. Nicaragua. 9. vii.
1957. Female and alate forms unknown.

The mammiform processes of the male (fig. 8) are prominent
and situated near the basal third on the inferior side of the sixth
ventrite. The form and location of these structures will distinguish
H. alloiona from related species.

Hydrornctra cxalld. \\. sp.
Figs. 5. '). &: 17

Macropterous form. — Very long, brownish with posterior lobe
of pronotum slightly testaceous, hemelytra mostly dark fuscous,
and the sternum and head (except apex and bas(0 black. Append-
ages brown. Length 15.00 nun.

Head with anteocular l(>ngth 110 nun., the postocular length

Nov. 28, 1959 American hydrometridae 49

1,20 mm.; ventral interocular groove not longer than eyes; labium
extending between eyes. Antennal segments: I, 0.70 nmi. long;
II, 1.55 nmi. long; III very long, twisted; IV. 2.35 mm. long. An-
terior femur reaching apex of clypeus; hind femur extending slight-
ly beyond apex of last genital segment.

Pronotum 2.40 nmi. long, with an encircling row of fairly
large pits near front margin; the median, pale, longitudinal line
extending entire pronotal length; fore lobe impunctate, one-half
as long as hind lobe; hind lobe with a row of pits in median, frosted
line, with many pits on each side this line. Abdomen 7.75 mm.
long; hemelytra 6.00 mm. long, with apices resting on basal part
of sixth dorsal tergite. Propleura with 9 pits. All acetabula pitted;
anterior acetabulum with 7 pits in front of cleft and 10 behind it.
middle acetabulum with pits in front of cleft and 9 behind it,
hind acetabulum with 15 pits (fig. 17). Male genital segments
with brushes and other structures as in illustrations (figs. 5 & 9).
Female unknown.

Holotype (macropterous male) Shapajilla, Peru, vi. 1939.

The male genital sturctures separates this species from H.
caraiba. The acetabular pits are more sharply defined in H. exalla.

Ilydrometra caraiba Guerin-Meneville

Figs. 3 & 10

Hydrometra caraiba Guerin-Meneville, 1856. in Sagra: Hist. phys. polit. et

natur. de Cuba. p. 173.
Hydrometra caraiba Walker, 1873, Cat. Hem. Het., 8: 152.
Limnobates caraiba Uhler. 1886, Check-List. Hem., p. 26.
Gerris caraiba Lethierry et Servin, 1898, Cat. Gen. Hem., 3:60.
Hydrometra caraiba Champion, 1898. Biol. Centr.-Amer. Rhvn.. 2:124-125.
Hydrometra agenor Ku-kaldy, 1902. Ent., 35:280-281.
Hydrometra agenor Kirkaldy & Torre-Bueno, 1909, Prov. Ent. Soc. Wash. 10(3-4)

:213.
Hydrometra caraiba Kirkaldv & Torre-Bueno, 1926, Ent. Amer. 7(1): 102, 119-121.
Hydrometra caraiba Torre-Bueno, 1926, op. cit. 7(2): 101, 113-114.
HydroTiietra agenor Torre-Bueno, 1926, op. cit. 7(2): 102, 124-125.
Hydrometra caraiba Huiigerford & Evans, 1934. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. 28:90.
Hydrometra championiana Hungerford & Evans, 1934, op. cit. 28:91. 94. pi. X.
Hydrometra agenor Hungerford & Evans. 1934. op. cit. 28: 91. 101. pi. XI.
Hydrometra caraiba Drake. 1954. Great Basin Nat. 14(3-4) :63-34.

This species was described from a single specimen collected
in Cuba (Signoret Collection). As the type specimen of caraiba
cannot be found in the Naturhistorisches Museum (Wien) nor in
the -Museum National d'Historie Naturelle (Paris), it is presumably
lost. The writers are here designating a macropterous male from
Cuba as the neotype. which is deposited in the U. S. National
Museum.

Certain characters used in the original description have been
quite helpful in identifying caraiba. These are as follows: 1),
median longitudinal line with darkened area on each side of it; 2).
very long bodv; 3). compound eyes placed at basal third of head;
4), and the comparative notes with the Old World H. stagnalis
(Linnaeus). The length of caraiba, stated by Guerin-Meneville to

The Great Basin Naturalist
50 DRAKE AND LAUCK Vol. XIX. Nos. 2 & 3

be 22 mm., would be longer than that of any species of the genus
known to occur in the West Indies or even Central America, and
probably this is a typographical error. In examining more than 300
specimens of caraiba from the Neotropical Region, our largest speci-
men is a female from Mexico, which is 18.6 mm. long. Males
and females measuring from 16 to 18 mm. in length are not un-
common.

After examining the types of H. championiana Torre-Bueno in
the British Museum, Drake (1934) synomyozed championiana with
caraiba. There appears to be no question about this synonymy.

H. agenor Kirkaldy (1902) has not been recognized in the
literature since it was originally described. According to the des-
cription, the type is a male, collected at Guayaquil, Ecuador, and
is in Montadon's collection. The only example of agenor in the
latter collection is a female bearing the locality label "Guayaquil,
Ecuador" and specific label "Hydrometra agenor Kirk." in Kirk-
aldy's handwriting. In the Kirkaldy Collection (University of Kan-
sas), there is also another female (badly mutilated), which bears
the same labels plus a "type" label. These specimens were both
collected at the same time by Dr. Francisco Camposo K. of Guayaquil.
Th female specimen of agenor in the collection of Montandon is
inseparable from H. caraiba and thus are synonyms. Since caraiba
has priority by many years, it is the valid specific name of the
species. We also have other specimens of caraiba from Quayaquil,
which were collected a few years ago by Dr. Camposo K.

Specimens of H. caraiba have been examined from Cuba. Puerto
Rico, Jamaica, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala. Mexico, Venezuela,
Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador.

American Species of Hydremetridae Billberg, 1820

Genus Bacillometra Esaki, 1927

Type species, Bacillometra ventralis Esaki, 1927

1. fualagana Drake, 1946 Peru

2. mulfordi (Hungerford), 1927 Bolivia

3. ventralis Esaki, 1927 French Guiana

4. woythowskii Hungerford, 1935 Peru

Genus Limnobatodes Hussey, 1925
Type species Limnobatodes paradoxus Hussey, 1925

1. paradoxus Hussey, 1925 Honduras

Genus Hydrometra Latreille, 1796

Limnametra Burmeister, 1835

Type species, Cimei stagnorum Linnaeus, 1801

1. acapulcana Drake, 1952 Mexico, Nicaragua

2. adnexaTirske, 1956 Panama

3. aemula Drake, 1956 Mexico

4. alloiona Drake & Lauck Nicaragua

Nov. 28, 1959 American hydrometridae 51

5. argenitna Berg, 1879 Argentina, Boliva,

- mcnsor Buchanan-White, 1879 Brazil, Chile, Panama

- chilensis Reed, 1901 Paraguay, Peru.

- kirkaldyano TovYe-^ueno.\92^ Trinidad, Uraguay,

- husseyi Torre-Bueno, 1926 Venezula

6. australis Say. 1832 Br Honduras, Greater

- myrae Torre-Bueno. 1926 Antilles, Mexico.

U. S. (southern)

7. barei liungerford, 1927 (U. S. (Fla.)

8. barrana Drake, 1952 Panama

9. caraiba Guerin-Meneville, 1856 Brazil, Br. Guiana,

- championiana Torre-Bueno. 1925 Columbia. Costa Rica.

- agenor Kirkaldy. 1902 Cuba, El Salvador,

Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras,
Jamaica, Nicaragua.
Panama. Venezuela

10. ciliosa Drake & Lauck El Salvador

11. comata Torre-Bueno. 1926 Trinidad

12. consimilis Barber. 1934 Greater Antilles, Mexico,

U. S. (Fla.)

13. crossa Drake & Lauck Honduras

14. cyprina Torre-Bueno, 1926 Mexico

15. excella Drake & Lauck Peru

16. exilis Torre-Bueno, 1926 Br. Honduras, Honduras,

- white Hungerford. 1933 Mexico, Panama

17. jruhstorferi Hungerford & Evans. 1934 Brazil

- brnsilana Drake, 1952

18. fuanicana Drake, 1954 Brazil

19. gibara Torre-Bueno, 1926 Cuba

20. guianana Hungerford & Evans, 1934 Br. Guiana, Peru

Venezuela

21. hualluganu Drake. 1954 Peru

22. hungerfordi Torre-Bueno, 1926 Costa Rica. El Salvador,

- australis Torre-Bueno. 1926 Guatemala, Nicaragua,

- australis Hungerford, 1923 U. S. (southern)

23. lentipes Champion, 1898 El Salvador. Guatemala,

- cordobensis Torre-Bueno, 1926 Mexico

24. intonsa Drake & Hottes. 1952 Mexico. Costa Rica

25. lillianis Torre-Bueno, 1926 U. S. (Calif.)

26. martini Kirkadly. 1900 Canada (southern), U. S.

- lineata Say, 1832

- lineata Martin, 1900

27. metator Buchanan-White. 1879 Brazil

28. naiades Kirkaldy. 1902 Panama

- mensor Champion. 1898

29. panamensis Drake. 1953 Panama

30. placita Drake, 1953 Paraguay

31. /?mc/7/fl£' Torre-Bueno. 1926 Guatemala

32. sztolcmani Jaczewiski, 1928 Guatemala

33. taxcana Drake & Hottes. 1952 Costa Rica, Honduras,

The Great Basin Naturalist
52 DRAKE AND LAUCK Vol. XIX. Nos. 2 & 3

34. wileyi llungerford. 1923 Mexico, U. S. (southern)

35. williamsi llungerford & Evans. 1934 Ecuador

36. zeteki Drake, 1952 Columbia, Mexico,

Panama

STUDIES IN 1 HE WEEVILS OF THE WESTERN UNITED
STATES NO. IX

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF EUCYLLUS
(COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE).'

Vasco M. Tanner

Professor of Zoology and P^ntoinolog>-

Brighani Young rnivei'sit\

Eucyllus tinkhami. u. sp.
P^ig. I. A. B

Female: Rotund, body wall black, unicolorous due to being
densely clothed with closely appressed roundish-shaped ash grey,
scales short white setae on the disks of the head, prothorax, and elytra,
pile on the scape, femur, prothorax. and humerus. Head broad
and flattened; rostrum not distinctly separated, but gradually nar-
rowed forward to the apex, slightly sulcate above; eyes convex and
prominent; scrobes distinct and reaching the eyes; antennae robust,
scape arcuate, passing over the eyes and beyond the front margin
of the prothorax; first funicular segment robust, second segment
slender and as long as segments three and four combined, club
oval, reddish in color. Prothorax twice as broad as long, base arcuate
sides strongly rounded, greatest width before the middle, apex
emarginate. disk with shallow distinct punctures, each with a short
decumbent white seta, long white pile on the anterior rounded mar-
gins of the prothorax. Elytra four-fifths as broad as long and one-
third broader than the prothorax; ten finely impressed striae on
each elytron, with small well placed punctures on the flat intervals,
each with a short seta, humeri and along the margins of the elytra
clothed with long white pile. Beneath scales similar to those on
the elytra; second abdominal segment as broad as the third and
fourth combined, femora and tibiae with long white pile. Corbels
well developed on all tibiae; the combs consist of flat blunt reddish
spinules. metathoracic corbel developed into a conspicuous spine-
snaped structure. Length 6 to 7.1 mm., breadth 3-4 mm.

Type material: Female holotype, male allotype, and 23 para-
types. The holotype. allotype, and 8 paratypes are in the writer's
collection at Brigham Young University. 7 paratypes in Ernest R.
'I'inkham's collection at Indio, California. 4 paratypes in the Ento-
mological Collection of the United States National Museum. Wash-
ington. D.C.. and 4 paratypes in the Entomological Collection of
the California Academy of Sciences at San Francisco.

Type locality: Kelso Sand dunes. Devil Playground, 40 miles
northeast of Amboy and 35 miles south of Baker in San Bernardino
County. (California. Collected by Dr. Ernest R. Tinkham at 9:30
p.m.. Mav 23, 1959. I am j)leased to name this species in honor of

1 . (nntributiciii No. 166.

53

54

VASCO M. TANNER

The Great Basin Naturalist

Vol. XIX. Nos. 2&3

Dr. Tinkhani who for a number of years lias been studying the
fauna of the sand dunes of the Western United States.

Comments: In 1876 George H. I lorn- established the genus

Figure I. A-Eucyllus tinkhami. new species. B-Corbel of nietathoracic tibia.

Eucyllus with the species vagans as the genotype. This genus may
be characterized as follows:

Mesopleural sclerites unequal, episternum large and attaining the
elytra, epimeron small; first ventral suture arcuate; corbel surface of

2. Horn, George II. Otiorhvntli'dae "i lUiyinliiipl
XV ISrii. p. 74.

Ami Phi

Nov. 28, 1959 new species of eucyiius 55

hind tibiae squamose; scrobes latoial, deep, attaining the eyes, not con-
vergent; scape arcuate, passing beyond the anterior margin of the
prothorax.

For sixty years this genus remained a monotypic one until
1936 when Dr. E. C. Van Dyke' described two additional species,
echinus and unicolor.

Tinkhami as described in this paper may be included in the
Van Dyke key as follows:

I. Larger species 5 to 7.5 mm. in length.

a. Bicolored. elongate, second funicular segment from 3 to 4 times
as long as broad, setae of entire upper surface hispid, many times

as long as broad and acute at apices vagans.

b. Unicolored, rotund, first funicular segment robust, much broader
and as long as the second segment; setae of upper surface white,
short and decumbent; long white pile on the scape, femur, pro-
thorax and humerus; corbels of hind tibiae well developed and
squamous tinkhami.

II. Smaller species 5 mm. or less in length.

a. Bicolored. three brown stripes on pronotum and numerous brown
patches on elytra, erect setae of upper surface clublike, several
times as long as broad echinus.

h. Unicolored, cinereous, erect setae of upper surface peg-like or
tubercular, but little longer than broad unicolor.

Distributional notes: All the above species are represented in
the Entomoligical collections at Brigham Young University as fol-
lows:

Vagans: 15 specimens from Horseshoe Island, Lake Mead.
Nevada, collected by Vasco M. Tanner May 12. 1941;
1 specimen from "Mojava, California."

Tinkhami: 25 specimens from Kelso Sand dunes. Devil
Playground, San Bernardino County. California, col-
lected by E. R. Tinkham, May 23, 1959.

Echinus: 1 specimen from St. George, Washington County,
Utah, collected by Angus M. Woodbury.

Unicolor: 1 specimen from Peach Springs. Arizona, col-
lected by UIke, 1896; 2 specimens from Arizona,
collector not known; 2 specimens from the Virgin
River, Washington (>ounty, Utah, collected by C. J.
Weidt. 1892; 2 specimens from St. George, Washing-
ton County. Utah, collected by Angus M. W^oodbury;
1 specimen from S.W. end of Cedar Mountains. Too-
ele County, Utah, collected by W. .1. Thomas, VIII,
25, 1953.

?. Van Dyke. K. (.'.. New Spc< Ips of North American Weevils In the I'iwiiilv (mmi iihoiiiilae.
>iibfaniily BraclivThlininac IV, The Pan Pacific Entonioligist Vol. XII, No. I. j)]). l'l-5i. 1<JJ().

56

NEW RECORDS AND SPECIES OF ARIZONA
BARK BEETLES (COLEOFI'ERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

Stephen L. Wood'

Described below are four species of Scolytidae new to science.
All were collected in Arizona by the writer during August. 1958.
Of special interest is the record of the second Nearctic species of
the Palaearctic genus Liparthrum; other new species belong to the
genera Pseudothysanoes, Hylocurus, and Morarlhriim.

Liparthrum arizonicum, n. sp.

This is the second Nearctic species in this Palaearctic genus.
It is more closely allied to squamosus (Blackman) than to other
known species, but may be distinguished by the larger size, by the
more shallow, less distinctly impressed strial punctures, by the
larger strial hairs, by the longer, broader, interstrial scales, and by
the distinctly impressed, wider declivital striae and strial punctures.

Male. — Length LI mm.; 2.1 times as long as wide; body color
brown, the vestiture and antennae much lighter.

Frons feebly convex, slightly impressed above epistoma; sur-
face minutely rugulose, without definite punctures; vestiture rather
short and sparse, somewhat more conspicuous along epistoma. Eye
oval, entire; finely granulate. Antennal scape longer than funicle;
funicle four-segmented; club elongate-oval, devoid of indications of
sutures except for a few setae at side margins.

Pronotum 0.7 times as long as wide; widest at base, sides
arcuately converging toward the rather broadly rounded anterior
margin; surface minutely rugulose. without definite punctures;
anterior margin armed by two submarginal, very narrowly sep-
arated, slender teeth and behind these three successive submedian
pairs of teeth. Vestiture consisting of almost equal numbers of
rather short recumbent hairs and somewhat shorter semi-erect,
broad scales.

Elytra 1.4 times as long as wide, 1.9 times as long as pronotum;
basal margins each armed by a row of five subcontiguous rather
large crenulations near scutellum. the most lateral crenulation at
base of interspace four; sides straight and subparallel on basal three-
fourths, broadly rounded behind; striae not impressed, the punc-
tures rather large and close, but not sharply defined; inlerstriae
narrower than striae, the punctures apparently rather large, but
poorly defined; the general surface appearing obscured by an in-
crustation. Declivity convex, steep; striae somewhat narrower than
on disc. Vestiture consisting of rows of rather short recumbent
strial hair and rows of somewhat shorter, verv btoad interstrial

1 nopHitnienl of Zoology and Enloniolony. < oiiti il)iitinn N<i. Hi'i liiiBli.mi ^■|Mmf; Idivcisity.
M). Utah. Scolyloidea rontiiliution Nn IS

57

The Great Basin Naturalist

58 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XIX. Nos. 2 & 3

scales, each scale wider than lung and sepaiated fruni other scales
in the same row by a space greater than the length of a scale.

Female. — Apparently identical with the male except: marginal
teeth on pronotum absent and with the other pronotal asperities re-
duced in size and number. This character may be variable and
possibly does not have secondary sexual significance; the sex could
definitely be determined by segmentation of the abdomen in only
a few of the specimens.

Type Locality. — Miller Canyon. Iluachuca Mountains. Arizona.

Host. — Arbutus arizonicus.

Type Material. — The male holotyj)e. female alloty])e and 42
paratypes were collected at the type locality on August 22, 1958,
from sinall branches and twigs of the Arizona Madrone, by S. L.
Wood. The galleries were of the simple cave type and. because of
the extremely thin bark of the host tree, were engraved mostly
below the cambium region. Eggs were deposited around the mar-
gins of the irregular cave without being placed in special egg niches.
Larval galleries were short and irregular, not oriented in any way
to the grain of the wood.

rhe holotype, allotype and some paratypes are in the collection
of the writer, other paratypes are in the U. S. National Museum.

Pseudothysauoes spinura, n. sp.

This species is closely allied to heliura Wood, but may be dis-
tinguished, in the male, by the smaller size, by the slightly pro-
duced anteromedian margin of the pronotum which is armed by
a pair of subcontiguous. larger marginal and a second pair of smal-
ler submarginal teeth, by the shorter, more nuirierous scales on the
circumdeclivital ridge, and by the presence of about six pair of
rather long, coarse, pointed, spinose setae on the first declivital
interstriae; and in the female by the smaller size, by the more
narrowly impressed frons, by the more pubescent antennal scape,
by the more slender pronotum, by the much smaller, less strongly
impressed strial punctures, and by the less abundant, shorter
elytral pubescence. This species is a bark borer; hehura is a wood
borer.

Male. — Length 1.2 mm.. 2.3 times as long as wide, appearing
obliquely truncate behind; body color dark brown, lighter in the
summit area of pronotum.

Frons very shallowly concave almost from eye to eye, largely
concealed in all males at hand but surface evidently minutely
rugulose as in the female; pubescence sparse, inconspicuous. Eye
oval, entire; finely granulate. .Antennal scape long, slender; club
ovate, with two straight sutures.

Pronotum about as long as wide, widest one-third length from
base; sides arcuate on basal half, subconstricted one-third of length
from anterior margin; anterior margin moderately produced med-
ially and armed by a pair of rather large subcontiguous teeth and
by a second pair of smaller submarginal ones; summit area elevated,
located at center of pronotum; vesiture largely abraided. consisting

Nov. 28, 1959 Arizona bark beetles 59

of short scales in tlie posterior area, and longer stoul setae in asf)erate
area.

Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide; sides straight and apparently
diverging slightly on basal three-fourths, broadly rounded behind;
striae not impressed, the punctures small, distinct, not deep; inter-
striae wider than striae, the punctures finer than, but as numerous
as those of striae, obscure. Declivity moderately steep, weakly
convex, delimited by a circumdeclivital ridge as in heliura, the
ridge acute on lower two-thii'ds of circle, rounded on uy)per third;
strial punctures evident only above; interstriae one rather broad
and armed on the lateral side by a row of about six long, coarse,
pointed, sjiinelike setae, the shortest near the upper margin, the
longest and lowest about two-thirds of the distance from upper
margin, the longest and lowest about two-thirds of the distance
from upper margin. Vestiture on disc consisting of rows of short.
erect interstrial scales, and minute recumbent strial hairs; on de-
clivity only the pairs of spines and minute strial hairs evident.

Female. — Length 1.35 mm.. 3.0 times as long as wide; frons
more narrowly and deeply impressed at center; scape ornamented
by about 15 plumose hairs; antennal club more elongate; anterior
margin of pronotum neither armed nor produced; pronotum 1.04
times as long as wide; strial and interstrial punctures somewhat
smallei- than in male; declivity evenly convex, with no trace of a
circumdeclivital ridge; vestiture on disc and declivity as on disc
of male.

Type Locality. — Oak Creek Canyon. Arizona.

Host. — An unknown shrub.

Type Material. — The male holotype, female allotype and 22
paratypes were collected at the type locality on August 20, 1958.
bv S. L. Wood, from an unknown shrub about 6 to feet tall. The
shrub was common on the east-facing slope about 50 feet above
(west) the highway and innnediately south of the Wagon Wheel
Motel. It grew in association with small oak trees. The galleries.
both adult and larval, were constructed entirel\ in the cambium
region.

The h()l()tv])e. allotype and some paratypes are in the collection
of th(^ writer, other [)aratypes are in the U. S. National Museum.

Hylociuus fcfriifh'us. n. sp.

A species near cfjcminatus Wood, but larger and, in the male,
the transverse frontal elevation nuich largei\ the tubercles at base
of declivitv smaller, the declivity shining, the ninth interstrae only
feebly elevated and bearing granules to posterior extremity of
elevated portion, and the vistiture at base of declivity slender, hair-
like; and in the female, the frf)n^ flattened with the frontal pub-
escence more abundant, and the nnith declivital interstriae even
more feebly elevated.

Male. — Length 2.5 nun.. 2.() tunes as long as wide; body color
verv dark brown, almost black.

The Great Basin Naturalist

60 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XIX. Nos. 2 & 3

Froiis convex, moderately impressed below a coarse transverse
elevation at upper level of eyes, the elevation bearing four or five
indefinite coarse granules at summit; surface granulose; vestiture
consisting of sparse inconspicuous, moderately long setae, more
abundant along epistomal margin. Eye and antenna as in other
representatives of the genus.

Pronotum 1.1 times as long as wide; widest posteriorly, the
sides almost straight and subparallel on basal half, the anterior
margin rather broadly rounded; summit indefinite, at center; as-
perate before summit, granulate behind without evident punctures;
vestiture inconspicuous, consisting of sparse, short, hairlike setae,
longer and more conspicuous at extreme basal margin.

Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide; sides straight and subparrallel
on basal three-fourths, abruptly narrowed at declivital margin and
terminating behind in a mucro that forms about a 90 degree angle;
striae not impressed, the punctures rather coarse and deep; inter-
striae about as wide as striae, weakly convex, smooth and shining
and bearing a row of rather fine shallow punctures, the punctures
tuberculate near declivital margin. Declivity steep, similar to that
of females of other Hylocurus of the parkinsoniae group; basal
margin rounded; striae continuing to base of mucro, the punctures
smaller than on disc; interstriae one and three moderately elevated,
one bearing a series of about seven small pointed tubercles of equal
size, three bearing about five tubercles the last two much larger,
two impressed and smooth except for about two small tubercles
at upper margin, the lateral interspaces each bearing three or four
small pointed tubercles, the ninth interspace rather weakly elevated
and bearing four or five tubercles, not narrowly carinate or pro-
jecting posteriorly as in most other Hylocurus. Vestiture hairlike,
short on disc, longer toward declivity, and short on declivital face;
all setae slender, no suggestion of being scalelike.

Female. — Similar to male except: frons flattened, the trans-
verse elevation absent, frontal pubescence more abimdant, longer,
yellow; declivital tubercles slightly reduced, the ninth oidy feebly
elevated; sexual differences in elytral vestiture not readily apparent.

Type Locality. — Miller Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona.

Host. — Juglans major.

Type Material. — The male holotype. female allotype and four
paratypes were cut from the wood of a small Arizona walnut sap-
ling about two inches in diameter, at the tvpe localitv on August
22, 1958, by S. L. Wood.

The holotype. allotype and two paratypes are in the collection
of the writer, other paratypes are in the U. S. National Museum.

Micracis lignator Blackmail

This species was known to the writer only from the original
description at the time he described truncatus from Mexico. The
description and the types of both species suggest that they are
quite distinct from one another. However, a series taken by the

Nov. 28, 1959 Arizona bark beetles 61

writer at Miller Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, on August 22. 1958,
and compared to the allotype, demonstrates that Blackman's species
is somewhat variable in the development of the interstrial tubercles
at the declivital base. The maxinnim development of these Arizona
specimens was about the same as the minimum development of
the same tubercles in truncatus. The only apparent real difference
between these forms appears to be in the smaller, more slender scales
on the margin of the declivity in Ugnator. Perhaps when sufficient
material in this group is available from northern Mexico it will
be possible to determine whether one or two species should be
recognized.

As was the case with the type series of truncatus^ the Miller
Canyon specimens were taken from small oak branches about one
and one half inches in diameter, in association with Micracisella
knulli (Blackman).

Monarthrutn huachucae, n. sp.

This species is very closely allied to scutellare Leconte. but
differs, in the inale, in having the acutely elevated lateral declivital
niarghis extending much higher on the declivity and in having the
two pair of teeth at the top of the declivity closer together and closer
to the suture; in the female, the frons more narrowly carinate on
lower half and bearing a pair of rather large subcircular pubescent
areas on each side of the carina, the upper portion of the frontal
area more finely, deeply punctured, the posterior face of the an-
tennal club bearing a tuft of long hair, and the sutural striae on
declivity more narrowly and deeply impressed.

Male. — Length 3.5 mm., 3.1 times as long as wide; body color
brown, the elytra somewhat lighter on basal half.

Frons convex, transverse epistomal elevation as in scutellare;
surface minutely rugulose and dull below, becoming almost smooth
and shining above eyes, the punctiu'es small, deep above and shal-
low to obscured below. Eye as in scutellare. Antennal club similar
to that of scutellare except the sutures more strongly arcuate.

Pronotum 1.6 times as long as wide; sides straight and sub-
parallel on basal two-thirds, rather broadly rounded in front;
finely asperate on less than the anterior half, surface minutely
reticulate and dull on more than posterior half and very finely
shallowly. sparsely punctured.

Elytra 1.8 times as long as wide. 1.4 times as long as pronotum;
sides straight and subparallel on basal three-fourths, the postero-
lateral declivital margin forming the abrupt, broadly rounded
posterior outline, the sutural notch acute; striae not impressed,
scarcely visible, the juuictures minute, shallow; interstriae flat,
minutely and irregularly punctured, dull. Declivity oblique, ex-
cavate, beginning two-thirds of distance from base, the lateral mar-
gins acutely elevated as in scutellare and inscribing at least two-
thirds of complete circle, the costae ending abruptly above in an

The Great Basin Naturalist

62 STEPHEN L. WOOD Vol. XIX. Nos. 2 & 3

obtuse angle that may be tuberculate medially; upper margin be-
tween costae rounded and armed by two pair of teeth, the median
pair smaller, the distances from suture to first tooth, first to second
tooth, and second tooth to base of costa all about equal; declivital
face as in scuteUare, with numerous very minute, shallow punctures.
Vistiture sparse and short on sides, near declivity, and on declivital
face; longer and much more abvmdant along inner face of declivital
costae; disc glabrous.

Female. — Similar to male except: lower half of frons bear-
ing a patch of long, slender, yellow pubescence partly divided by an
obtuse low carina, each pubescent area roughly circular in outline;
posterior face of antennal club bearing a tuft of long hair (mostly
on posterior portion), some hairs extending a distance equivalent
to more than half the length of the club from the tip; declivity
steeper, without lateral costae, acutely margined only on lower
margin, face more strongly convex than scuteUare with a narrow
median sulcus and the suture narrowly, weakly elevated, armed
by three pair of minute, pointed tubercles on upper half at mar-
gins of sulcus as in scuteUare.

Type Locality. — Miller Canyon. Iluachuca Mountains, Arizona.

Host. — Quercus sp.

Type Material. — The male holotype and female allotype were
collected at the type locality on June 29, 1907. by II. A. Kaeber.
One male paratype was taken at the same locality on August 22,
1958, by S. L, Wood, from the base of an oak tree about six inches
in diameter. One female paratype was taken four miles southwest
of Forestdale, Navajo Co., Arizona. August 23, 1952, by H. B. Leech
and J. W. Green.

The holotype and allotype are in the U. S. National Museum,
the paratypes are in the collections of the California Academy of
Sciences and of the writer.

Monarthrum dentiger (Leconte)

Specimens of this California species have been collected in
Arizona, but have not been reported from that state. This writer
has examined three specimens taken two and a half miles west of
Ilarshaw in the Patagonia Mountains, Santa Cruz Co.. Arizona.
August 2. 1952, by II. B. Leech and J. W. Green.

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW TENEBRIONID (COLEOPTERA)
FROM GLEN CANYON, UTAH

Edward B. Sorenson and Robert C. Stones'

In 1935 Frank E. Blaisdell Sr. described a new genus and
species of Triorophid {Eschatomoxys wagneri)'- from a single male
specimen collected in Death Valley, California in 1922. The female
was not discovered. Since then no other known specimens of this
genus have been found.

In a recent expedition to Glen Canyon, Kane County, Utah,
fifteen specimens of this genus were collected. After a careful study
of Dr. Blaisdell's excellent drawings and description and a report
from Mr. Hugh Leach of the California Academy of Sciences who
compared one of our specimens with the type of wagneri we are
of the opinion that the specimens from Glen Canyon area repre-
sent a new species, which we venture to describe.

Eschatomoxys tanneri,' n. sp.

Figs. 1 and 2

Male.- — Body length 9.0 mm; body width 3.6 mm; form ob-
long ovate two and one-half times longer than wide; surface feebly
alutacious; color castaneous, antennal segments becoming progres-
sively lighter distally; labrum, maxillary palps and posterior ven-
tral abdominal segments testacious; luster dull, body covered with
a light blue bloom in nature; head slightly longer than wide
(1/23), one-eighth longer than pronotum; epistome deeply emarg-
inate; antennae with first segment about three times as long as
wide at apex; second one-tenth longer than fifth and one-tenth
smaller than combined lengths of nine and ten; fourth longer in
length than the sixth, seventh or eighth; tenth twice as wide at
apex as middle of eighth; eleventh about three times as long as
wide at middle, and one-eighth shorter than eighth; pronotum wid-
est in middle, one-fourth wider than long, apex and base same width;
elytra sliglitly over one-third longer than wide, base about one-
eighth wider than base of pronotum; abdomen with second segment
somewhat more than twice as long as fourth and almost one-third
longer than third.

Female.— Body length 9.2 mm.; body width 2.8 mm.; head
one tenth longer than wide.

In body length, head and pronotum measurements, the small-
est female is equal to the average male; while in body width and
elytra measurements, the smallest female is larger than the average
male. Abdominal measurements find the average female larger
in the first three segments, equal in the fourth to males.

1. Graduate students of Entomology and Ecology, respertivelv; '/oology and Entomology De-
partment contribution .No. 168. Brigham Soung University. I'rovo. I' tali.

2. The PanPacijic Entoniulo^ist. Vol. II pp. liT-J't. San Francisco, California, 1955.
i. In honor of Professor Vasco M. Tanner. Brigham Young University Entomologist.

63

64

The Great Basin Naturalist
SORENSON AND STONES Vol. XIX. NoS. 2 & 3

;^-— lotht

Figures 1 and 2. Eschatomoxys tanneri, new species. Ventral and lateral
aspects of the female genitalia.

ABBREVl.ATIONS

sty stylus

c coxite

vf valvifer

au anus

V vulva

9ths ninth sternite

lOtht tenth tergite

lOths tenth sternite

b baculum

Nov. 28, 1959 a new tenebrionid 65

Since this is the first time that a female of this genus has been
studied, we are inchiding drawings of the genitaha. Figures 1 and
2. The general characters of this species agrees with other genera
of the tenebrionids. The stylus is very small as in other members
of this family.'-^

Type Material: Male holotype. female allotype and 13 para-
types (ten males, three females). The holotype, allotype and 8
paratypes in Collection at Brigham Young University, 3 paratypes
in the Entomological Collection of the California Academy of
Sciences and 3 paratypes in the Entomological Collections of the
United States National Museum, Washington, D. C.

Type Locality: Head of Padre Creek Canyon, approximately
two miles above the "Crossing of the Fathers" on the Colorado
River. The head of this canyon is very shallow, approximately
twenty-five feet deep. The jeep road into the "Crossing of the
Fathers" and Kane Creek area, branching from the main highway
at Wahweap. makes a horseshoe bend around the head of this can-
von. A majority of the new terebrionids were collected within
fifty yards of this road in a sandstone detrital deposit. Weather
was very dry and hot; temperatures exceeding the 100 degree
mark. Collecting was done from 8:00 a.m. until noon. Even this
late in the day. the area of collecting was still in the shade of the
overhanging canyon wall.

Paratype variations: The description of E. ta?ineri was made
with the awareness that variations of certain structures in this
group exist. Specimen measurements were taken in millimeters as
follows:

9 males: total length 8.1-9.6, average 8.6; width 3.3-3.8. av-
erage 3.6; head length 1.6-2.0, average 1.7; head width 1.5-1.8,
average 1.6; pronotum length 1.3-1.6, average 1.4; pronotum width
1.7-2.0, average 1.8; elytra length 5.0-5 8, average 5.3; elytra width
3.3-3.8, average 3.5; abdomen average first segment 1.2, second
segment .9. third segment .7, fourth segment .4.

3 females: color castaneous to testaceous; total length 8.6-11.0,
average 9.7; width 3.6-4.3, average 3.8; head length 1.7-2.2, average
1.9; head width 1.6-1.9. average 1.8; pronotum length 1.4-1.8.
average 1.6; pronotum width 1.8-2.3, average 2.0; elytra length
5.5-6.7. average 6.1; elytra width 3.6-4.3. average 3.8; abdomen
average first segment 1.3. second segment 1.1. third segment .8.
fourth segment .4. The tibial and femoral. variations are so great
that they are not listed herein.

Cornparisons between E. tanner i and E. wagneri: tanneri, body
two and one-half times longer than wide, wagneri, twice as long
as wide; tanneri. head slightly longer than wide, wagneri. one-sixth
wider than long; tanneri. first antennal segment three times as
long as width at apex, .second six times as long as wide at middle,
fourth longer than sixth, seventh or eighth, tenth twice as wide

4 Tanner. V. M. \ Preliniinarv Studv of the Ocnitiilia <if Kemnlo Colcnpti-ia. 'Iians. .Xni.
Ento. Snc. I.III pp. 5-50. Plates II-XV. 1'I2/. . . ,, i. n f .1 „

5 Blaisdell. F E. Studies in the Tenebrionid Inbe Staunni: A .Monographic Rcvi-ion of the
Eulabcs. (Coleoptera). Trans. Ani. Ento. See. LVIII. pp. ?5-101. Plates I-VI. 1')i2.

The Great Basin Naturalist
66 SORENSON AND STONES Vol. XIX. NoS. 2 & 3

at apex as middle of eighth, eleventh one-eighth shorter than eighth,
three times as long as wide at middle; wagneri, first segment five
times as long as wide at apex, second six times as long as wide at
middle, equal in length to fifth as well as combined length of ninth
and tenth, fourth is equal in length to sixth, seventh or eighth, and
seven times as long as wide at middle, tenth three tiines as wide
at apex as middle of eighth, eleventh four times as long as width
at middle, as long as eighth; tanneri, epistome deeply einarginate
from above, wagneri, epistome very slightly einarginate; tanneri,
pronotuin widest in iniddle, one-fourth wider than long, base and
apex same wddth, ivagneri, widest slightly before middle, one-third
wider than long, apex a little wider than base; tanneri, elytra base
one-eighth wider than that of pronotum. wagneri, base equal to that
of pronotum.

Habitat: All specimens, with the exception of two, were taken
from a one-fourth inch fissure that separated a detrital deposit
(length twenty feet) from the canyon wall. The deposit was per-
forated with numerous vacated rodent tunnels; habitat cool, dry
and subterranean. Thirteen specimens were taken from this site
and two additional specimens taken one-eighth mile down the
canyon in a deserted cliff-swallows nest. Due to the habitat, nu-
tritional materials might well include fungi or dried fecal waste.
A northwest facing with an overhanging canyon wall provided
protection from the sun and rainfall, thus creating a cool, dark
habitat ideal for these subterranean insects. This area is a vast,
arid region of the Colorado River Drainage in extreme Southeastern
Utah. Elevation 3200-3400 feet above sea level. Rugged gorges
cut deep into sandstone by seasonal runoffs characterize the area.

800 12-59 PR UP 12803

The

&

Great Ba

[Mils. COMP. mi

imm

MAlfcl 9 I960

7]

Volume XIX

December 31, 1959

No. 4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Taxonomic Notes on North American Beeflies with Des-
criptions of New Species, by D. Ehner and Lucile M.
Johnson „ 67

A Collection of HerptHes from Urique, Chihuahua, by Wil-

mer W. Tanner and W. Gerald Robison, Jr 75

Life History Notes on Parabacillus coloradus Scud., by

Wayne Saunders 83

Index to Volume 19 85

Published by
Brigham Young University

The Great Basin Naturalist

A journal published fron one to four times a year by Brig-
ham Young University, Provo, Utah

Manuscripts: Only original unpublished manuscripts, pertain-
ing to the Great Basin and the Western United States in the main,
will be accepted. Manuscripts are subject to the approval of the
editor.

Illustrations: All illustrations should be made with a view to
having them appear within the limits of the printed page. The ill-
ustrations that form a port of an article should accompany the
manuscript. All half-tones or zinc etchings to appear in this jour-
nal are to be made under the supervision of the editor, and the cost
of the cuts is to be borne by the contributor.

Reprints: No reprints are furnished free of charge. A price
list for reprints and an order form is sent with the proof.

Subscriptions: The annual subscription is $2.50, (outside the
United States $3.25). Single number, 80 cents.

All correspondence dealing with manuscripts, subscriptions,
reprints and other business matters should be addressed to the Editor,
Vasco M. Tanner, Great Basin Naturalist, Brigham Young Univer-
sity, Provo, Utah,

Reprints Schedule of The Great Basin Naturalist

2 pp. 4 pp.

6 pp.

Each
Additional
8 pp. 10 pp. 12 pp. 2 pp.

50 copies

$5.00 $6.00

$7.00

$8.00 $9.00 $10.00 $1.50

100 copies

6.00 7.00

8.00

9.00 10.00 11.00

200 copies

7.00 8.00

9.00

10.00 11.00 12.00

300 copies

8.00 9.00

10.00

11.00 12.00 13.00

Covers: $8.00 for first 100 >

copies;

$3.00 for additional 100 copies.

The Great Basin Naturalist

Published by the
Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah

Volume XIX December 31, 1959 No. 4

TAXONO.MIC NO TES ON NORTH AMERICAN BEEFLIES,
WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES

(Diptera: Bombyliidae)

D. Elmer' and Lucile M. Johnson

A number of genera and species of North American beeflies
are evidently little known in collections and have received too little
attention from taxonomists to be adequately described in the lit-
erature. Availability of material in some of these groups, together
with a study of type material, permits elucidation of several of the
described species and descriptions of two new ones. Opportunity
is also utilized to rename a homonym created in an earlier paper.
Location of material studied is listed under each species discussed
below.

Amphicosmus arizonensis, n. sp.
(Figs. 4, 6, 7)

Similar to A. elegans Coq., but lacks the pollinose stripes on
mesonotum. Length 7-9 mm.

Male. — Head black, cheeks and posterior oral margin nearly
white; front, sides of face, and occiput silvery white pubescent,
middle of face and extreme vertex shining black; front and occiput
sparsely short white pilose; ocelli yellow. Antennae wholly black,
lightly pollinose; first two segments sparsely short white pilose;
first segment slightly cup-shaped, about two-thirds as long as wide;
second segment about two-thirds as long as wide; third segment
long-tapering, oval, widest at basal third, about one and one-third
times as long as first two combined.

Thorax shining dark brown to black, two silvery white pube-
scent patches on each side: anterior patch occupies upper part of
pro- and mesopleura and antero-lateral portion of mesonotum to a
little caudad of transverse suture (mesad margin of this patch is
angulate); posterior patch occupies the ptero-, meta-, and hypo-
pleura; mesonotum and scutellum sparsely white pilose, a few fairly
long white hairs on metapleura.

Legs brown, yellowish at the joints; lightly pubescent, sparse
pile and weak, hairlike spines white.

1. .\ss(itiate Kntomologist. Ecological Research, University of Utah, Dugway, Utah.

67

The Great Basin Naturalist
68 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX, No. 4

Wings hyaline; veins yellowish, darkening distally; basal costal
setulae nearly white. Ilalteres nearly white.

Abdomen laterally compressed; first tergite brown, postero-
lateral margins broadly yellowish; second tergite brown basally,
lateral and posterior margins broadly yellowish brown; third, fourth,
and fifth terga yellowish brown, with dark brown forming patches
on the sides of the third and fourth and a saddle on fifth; remaining
terga and genitalia dark brown; visible part of venter mostly yel-
low; first and most of second, third, and fourth terga shining; dor-
sal patches on second, third, and fourth, and all of remaining terga
silvery white pollinose when viewed from in front; short, sparse
pile nearly white.

Female. — Much larger and more robust than male. Front only
very narrowly pubescent along orbits; lower lateral corners of
front, sides of face, cheeks, and lower occiput pale yellow. Anterior
and posterior callosities and upper part of mesopleura yellow; an-
terior pubescent patch on thorax much less extensive than in male.
Legs with much more yellow. Abdomen almost wholly yellowish
red, only the first basally and the sixth and seventh terga wholly
except their hind margins brown. Pile of first and on hind margins
of rest of terga and on venter pale yellow, rest of pile of abdomen
dark brown to black; venter sparsely white pubescent. On sides
of third and fourth terga are circular patches of closely spaced, tiny
circular dark brown pits.

Types. — Holotype male and allotype female, Tucson Moun-
tains, Arizona, August 16, 1955 (G. D. Butler). Paratypes. — 2?
Continental, Arizona, July 15, 1940 (D. E. Hardy). A badly broken
female and a headless male bear the same collection data as the
paratypes. Another broken female bears the data Courtland, Ari-
zona. August 12, 1940 (C. D. Michener). The holo- and allotypes
and one paratype are in our collection, the other specimens are in
the Snow Entomological Museum at the University of Kansas.

Under magnification of 216 powers the pubescence found on
these flies appears to be composed of fine, narrow, hairlike scales
rather than the granular pollinose vestiture frequently found in
like situations. The tiny pits on the third and fourth terga of the
female have not previously come to our attention.

Desmatoneura argentifrons Williston
Williston- described this species from a single male specimen
from Albuquerque, New Mexico. Melander' described the female
from a single Utah specimen. We have not often encountered the
species in collections, but it cannot be considered rare — simply
another case wherein collectors have not been present during the
flight period of the species, or have overlooked this small, incon-
spicuous fly. In the dunes of the Western Utah deserts we have
at times found them to be very common.

In studying a long series of specimens in our collection from

2. Williston, S. W., Kans. Univ. Quart. Ill, 267, 1895.
i. Melander, A. L., Pan-Pac. Ent. XXVI, #4, 153, 1950.

Dec. 31. 1959 north American beeflies 69

a single population (approximately 100 specimens from the dunes
on the eastern edge of Dugvvay Valley, Tooele County, Utah) we
have found this species to exhibit considerable variation, particularly
in size and ground color of the body. Our largest specimen is nine
millimeters in length, our smallest, four and one-half. There has
been no apparent correlation between size and season, all sizes being
present at any given time. More of the very small specimens are
female than male, but so also are more of the very large ones.

Ground color of the head and thorax remains quite constant.
But the ground color of the abdomen and legs varies quite remark-
ably, particularly among the larger feiuales. We have seen females
that are all dark brown except the seventh segment and the knees.
In contrast to this we have seen specimens which have only the
middles of the fore femora dark, the abdomen and the rest of the
legs being yellowish brown to yellow. Many of the specimens have
varying degrees of intergradation between these two extremes.
Degree of paleness in the abdomen appears to progress from caudad
forward, and from the venter dorsad, there apparently being no
cases of reversal of this order. In the legs the dark color disappears
first from the tibiae, and progressively from the two ends of the
femora, from the middle, to the hind, to the fore-legs. Most of
the very small specimens of both sexes are dark; most of the very
pale specimens are large.

Color of the wings varies from the condition as described by
Williston. in which a fairly definite band is present, to a condition
in which there is little or no color in the wing save in the costal cell,
which appears to be always at least partically yellow. The males
usually have darker wings than the females. The larger specimens
usually have more color in the wing than the small.

The color of the tomentum varies less than the ground color
of the body, but is not always constant. Always the tomentum of
the dorsum is darker than that of the pleura and venter. Usually
that of the hind margins of the scutellum and first abdominal seg-
ment is white or nearly so. Often the hind margins of the other
terga are bordered with paler scales, particularly on the sides, but
there are specimens in which this tomentum is completely con-
colorous.

Dicranoclista Bezzi
In 1894 Coquillett' announced the discovery in North America
of the genus Spogostylum Macquart. and described Spogostylum
vandykei from California. However, the third submarginal cell of
Spongostylum {Spogostylum of authors) is formed by a cross-vein
uniting veins R., .; and R4 rather than veins R, and R,, as is the case
with Coquillett's species. Therefore Williston' removed this species
from the genus Spongostylum and erected the genus Coquilettia
to receive it. This name is preoccupied (Uhler. 1891)'' and is, there-

4. Coquillett. D. W.. Trans. Am. Ent. Sof. XXI, 94, 1894.

5. Williston, S. \V., .Manual of North .\merican Diptera, ()5, 189(,.
b. Uhler, Tr. Maryland .\c. Sc, 79, 1890.

The Great Basin Naturalist
70 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX, No. 4

fore, not available. In 1924 Bezzi^ erected the genus Dicranoclista
to receive the Ethiopian species Dicranoclista simpsoni, speculating
at the time that Coquillett's species might be congeneric. According
to Bezzi's description and figure, Dicranoclista simpsoni, the geno-
type, which we do not know in nature, bears no tomentum on the
abdomen, and cell R-„ or the first posterior cell, is closed and petiolate.
Coquilett's Spogostylum vandykei bears sparse hair-like tomentum
on the abdominal dorsum and cell R,, is narrowly open. Other char-
acters mentioned by Bezzi in his description of the genus Dicrano-
clista fit our present North American species well enough. We do
not believe these two character differences to be of sufficient im-
portance to bar the American species from inclusion in the genus
Dicranoclista Bezzi, and the junior writer, following the suggestion
of R. H. Painter, so indicated in her study of the beeflies of Utah^.

In his Families and Genera of North American Diptera, Curran^
ignored this genus. In his work this genus keys to Anthrax Scopoli,
which it resembles in many respects, particularly in the nature of
the antennae. But the peculiar wing venation of Dicranoclista
readily separates the two genera.

Dicranoclista vandykei Coquillet

(Fig. 1) __ _

Coquillett's types are in good condition in the U. S. National
Museum. In addition to being mixed up on the sexes, he failed
to mention the fact that the abdomen of the male is broadly reddish
brown at the sides, and bears, under the black hairs of the caudal
several segments, some black hair-like tomentum which, being the
same color as the shining surface, is difficult to see.

In the case of the males, especially, this is a very handsome
species. The broadly red sides of the abdomen are covered with long,
dense, brightly orange pile, while the central black area is covered
with shorter, finer, less dense, mostly black pile which forms a tri-
angle wdth its broad base on the third tergite and its apex on the
seventh. There are a few long, very slender scales on the hind mar-
gin of the first tergite, and a few short, hardly visible black scales
on the second. In general appearance this species is reminiscent
of the more highly colored individuals of Villa fulviana (Say).

Although evidently quite rare, this species is wide spread. In
addition to the California types we have examined specimens from
Utah and Texas. The latter material, lent by the University of
Kansas, was compard directly with Coquillett's types and was found
to be identical in all characters studied.

Dicranoclista fasciata, n. sp.
(Figs. 2, 3)
Mostly dark brown, pile mostly pale yellow, narrow fasciae
of tomentum on hind margins of tergites. Length 10-12 mm.

7. Bezzi, Mario, Bombyliidae of the Ethiopian Region, British Buseuiu (N. II.), 178, 1924.

8. Maughan, I.ucile, Jour. Kans. Eiil. Sot., VIll. i4, H)i5.

9. Curran, C. H., Families and Genera of North American Diptera. Ballon Press, 1934.

Dec. 31, 1959 north American beeflies 71

Male. — Head black, a narrow area of yellow around each an-
tenna. Pile of vertex and front moderately dense, black, that of
occiput and face yellow, a few black hairs on the epistoma; tomen-
tum of head yellow, sparse and short on occiput, somewhat more
dense on lower front and lower face, the latter quite long. Antennae
short, the slender styliform part of the third segment about one
and one-fourth times as long as the globular base; pile of first two
segments short, black, a few yellow hairs on lower outside one-
fourth. Proboscis does not project beyond the epistoma; palpi brown,
very short; sparse hair yellow.

Mesonotum shining, pleura faintly gray pollinose. Pile of
thorax pale yellow, of collar and pleura long and dense, of mesono-
tum and scutellum short, sparse; macrochaetae pale yellow, the
scutellar bristles rather weak.

Coxae and femora brown; tibiae and tarsi brownish yellow, the
latter darkening distally. Pile and tomentum of coxae grayish yel-
low; tomentum of rest of legs grayish yellow to brown, pile and
bristles black.

Wings hyaline; base, costa. and subcosta yellow, small brown
clouds at base of Ra 3, on the r-m, cross-vein, on bases of M.j and
Cui. and in the middle of cell R. Veins yellowish brown basally,
darkening distally; basal costal setulae black, tomentum pale yellow
to brown. Halteres light brown, the knobs pale yellow. There is a
long spur on the angles of R.. i and R4. Vein R4 is sharply angulate
near its middle and a cross-vein joins this vein at the angle to R5
near the margin of the wing to form a second cell R4. Median cross-
vein angulate with very short spur extending into cell IM^.

Abdomen dark shining brown, the sides narrowly and the ven-
ter brownish yellow. Pile pale yellow, very slightly darker on sides;
moderately long and dense on sides, shorter and sparser in middle
of dorsum, very sparse on venter. A few very long, slender scales
on hind margins of rest of terga except seventh, white on second,
fifth and sixth, and sides of third and fourth, black in middle of
third and fourth and a few on fifth; black, decumbent narrow scales
on dark areas of second to sixth terga are almost invisible against
shining nearly black background. Genitalia fairly prominant. red,
the cerci edged with dark brown.

Female. — Very much like the male. Lacks the areas of yellow
ground color around the antennae. Face and front quite densely
pale yellow tomentose and pilose; occiput with much more tomen-
tum than male, that on the posterior orbits being quite dense. Pile
of fore and middle femora pale yellow. Wings almost wholly hya-
line; vein R:; , obtusely angulate at about its distal sixth, with a
very short spur extending into cell R^. Sides of abdomen more nar-
rowly yellow than male. Abdominal venter with considerable pale
yellow tomentum.

Types. — Holotype male: Cedar Creek, Arizona, 15 miles west
of Ft. Apache. June 21, 1957 (G. Butler and F. Werner). Allotype
female: Provo. Utah County, Utah, July, 1933 (D. E. Johnson). The
specimens are in our collection.

72

JOHNSON AND JOHNSON

The Great Basin Naturalist

Vol. XIX, No. 4

Explanation of Plate
Figure 1. Dicranoclista vandykei Coquillett, wing of male homotype.
Figure 2. Dicranoclista fasciata, new species, wing of allotype.
Figure 3. Dicranoclista fasciata, new species, wing of holotype.
Figure 4. Amphicosrnus arizonensis, new species, wing of holotype.
Figure 5. Amphicosrnus elegans Coquillett, dorsum of thorax.
Figure 6. Amphicosrnus arizonensis, new species, dorsum of thorax.
Figure 7. Amphicosrnus arizonensis, new species, profile of head of holotype.
Figure 8. Exepacmus johnsoni Coquillett: a) dorsal aspect of antenna, b) profile of
head of allotype.

Dec. 31. 1959 north American beeflies 73

The fasciae of scales on the hind margins of the ahdominal
segments of this species will readily distinguish it from D. vandykei
Coq. It might be of interest to note that the allotype was picked up
as it rested on a twig one morning before sunrise, near the tent
where we were camped in the woodland along the Provo River. The
site is now in the 800 block west on 1020 North Street, now a res-
idential section of Provo, Utah.

In the junior writer's 1934 study this specimen was misidentified
and reported as D. vandykei Coq.

Exepacmus johnsoni Coquillett

(Fig. 8)

Records of only two specimens of the genus Exepacmus have
so far made their way into the literature. The first, a female from
California, is in rather poor condition in the U. S. National Mus-
eum. It is the type specimen for Coquillett's (Op. cit. p. 101) Ex-
epacmus johnsoni, which species is the genotype of his genus. The
other specimen, also a female from California, is in the collection
of Dr. A. L. Melander. and is the type of his species Exepacmus
nasalis.

Melander (Op. cit. p. 152) separates his species from that of
Coquillett on the basis of the differences in ground color of face,
base of antennae, and femora, and states that the face of his species
is apparently more protuberant that than of E. johnsoni, and notes
that Coquillett does not mention an antennal depression such as E.
nasalis has. We have not seen E. nasalis Melander. but aside from
the differences in ground color, we found his description to fit very
well, even including the "nasal groove," the parts of Coquillett's
type which remain intact.

At Inyokem. California, the senior writer collected six speci-
mens belonging to this genus, three males and three females. One
of the females was about seven millimeters in length, and fit very
well Coquillett's description of E. johnsoni. The other five specimens
are about five millimeters in length. One small female is mostly
dark in ground color, and except that the face and lower front are
yellow and the pile of the front yellow on the area of yellow ground
color, is like the larger specimen. The other small female has much
yellow on head and thorax. We find no morphological differences
between the large and the small specimens. Two of the males are
almost wholly dark in ground color, the other has some yellow.
There are no morphological differences apparent.

In view of the large differences in size and ground color ex-
hibited by the specimens studied from the single population of
Desmatoneura argentifrons Williston reported above, and inasmuch
as all six of these specimens were collected in the same small area
on the same day we are inclined to believe that Exepacmus johnsoni
Coquillett and Exepacmus nasalis Melander are one and the same
species.

The Great Basin Naturalist
74 JOHNSON AND JOHNSON Vol. XIX, No. 4

The male may be described as follows:

Male. — Head densely white poUinose, front and face shining
silver when viewed from above; ground color of front and face pale
yellow, oral margin nearly white. Pile of head pale yellow, short,
fairly dense on occiput, sparse on front and face, the latter very
fine. Face strongly and sharply projecting, face and front divided
by a marked impression. Proboscis dark brown, hardly projecting
from beyond the pointed epistoma. First antennal segment cup-
shaped, about one-third as long as wide; second segment about one-
half as long as wide, contained for nearly one-half its length within
the cupped first segment; third segment nearly twice as long as
first two combined, the basal half broadly tapering, the apical half
blunt, its sides nearly parallel, bearing a short blunt style with
short stigma; a few short pale hairs on first and second segments.

Thorax brown, densely cinereus pollinose; tomentum and short
sparse pile of mesonotum and scutellum pale yellow, of pleura white
or nearly so; macrochaetae pale yellow; halteres yellow; wings hy-
aline, veins yellowish brown, darker distally.

Tibiae and apices of coxae and femora yellow, rest of legs
brown; fairly dense tomentum of legs pale yellow to nearly white,
spines black.

Abdomen subcylindrical, brown, narrow hind margins of seg-
ments paler; tomentum dense, that on dorsum pale yellow, on ven-
ter nearly white; pile dense on sides of first, sparse on rest of seg-
ments, nearly white. Genitalia yellowish; basi-styli pollinose, with-
out hairs, largely hidden from view by rounded corners of ninth
sternum, which bear five or six heavy spines on each side which
interlock behind.

Allotype. — Male, Inyokern, Kern County, California, April 28,
1945 (D. E. Johnson). Paratypes: 2(S same data.

The allotype and one paratype are in our collection. 1 he other
paratype is in the collection of R. H. Painter.

Exoprosopa painterorum, new name

On page 76, volume XVIII. numbers 3-4, of this periodical,
dated December 31, 1958, we described Exoprosopa cingulata as a
new species. Dr. R. H. Painter drew our attention to the fact that
in 1885 van der Wulp^° had named an Exoprosopa cingulata from
Australia, which name we had overlooked. It gives us pleasure,
therefore, to rename this species Exoprosopa painterorum, new
name, for our good friends. Dr. and Mrs. R. II. Painter.

10. Van der Wulp, Frederick M., Notes Leyden Mus., VII, 8i, 1885.

A COLLECTION OF HERPTILES FROM URIQUE, CHIHUAHUA

Wilmer W. Tanner and W. Gerald Robison, Jr.'

The small mining town of Urique is located on the west bank
of the Rio Urique, a branch of the Rio Fuerte, and is approximately
twenty-five miles up stream from the Chihuahua-Sinaloa border.
At Urique the elevation is approximately 1801 feet (549 meters as
listed in Compendio Estadistico del Estado de Chihuahua. 1955-56,
published by Ing. Leopoldo H. Olin). It is situated in a deep broad
canyon which, from the rim (elevation on trail about 6700 feet), pro-
vides one with a magnificent view. In size the gorge of the Urique is
comparable to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, but differs in
that there is considerably more vegetation on the slopes. To the
north of the pueblo Urique the valley becomes gradually narrower,
more rugged and steep walled, finally forming the now famous
Rarranca de Cobre.

Travel in this mountainous country is at best difficult. We were,
however, fortunate in being able to use the new railroad grade for
most of the way from Creel to Cuiteco and for some of the way from
Cuiteco to Cerocahui. On the morning of July 14, 1958, Dr. and
Mrs. Irvang Knobloch, and the authors left Cerocahui by mule train
for Urique. From Cerocahui to the rim of the Urique gorge we were
in oak. madrone and pine forests. Our descent into the canyon took
us through a number of plant types or zones. Near the rim were
the Pine forests, then the Oaks, draped in bromeliads. below this a
mixed forest including some species of Oak, Kapok, etc., and finally
the short desert thorn and cacti forests on the lower slopes and val-
ley floor. At Urique the valley is still rather narrow, the river flows
rapidly, and there are few areas suited for crops.

Four days were spent (July 14-17, 1958) in and around Urique
at the onset of the summer rains. Thus the days were hot and humid
and with rain in the afternoon and evenings. The adverse weather
plus the almost impenetrable thorn forest made collecting most dif-
ficult.

Although only fourteen species were taken, they represent a
rather interesting group inasmuch as several are new state records
and some are described below as new. We have followed the key
and check lists of Smith and Taylor (1945,1948, and 1950) ex-
cept as otherwise indicated. All measurements are in millimeters.

For the use of comparative materials and for identifications
we are indebted to the following: Dr. Doris M. Cochran, United
States National Museum (USNM); Dr. L. M. Klauber (LMK);
Dr. John M. Legler, University of Kansas (KU); Dr. Hobart M.
Smith, University of Illinois (UI); and Dr. Richard G. Zw^eifel,
American Museum of Natural History (AMNH).

Bufo horribilis Weigmann — Although this species was abun-

1 . Department of Zoology and Entomology, Brigham Young University, Prove, Utah, Con-
tribution No. 170.

75

The Great Basin Naturalist
76 TANNER AND ROBISON Vol. XIX, No. 4

dant along the river and in the streets of the town, only ten were
taken (BYU 14355-14354). Specimens ranged up to 125 from
snout to vent and were similar in color pattern. The median dorsal
stripe is distinct anteriorly and in some for the entire body. On each
side there are irregular dark brown spots, the parotid glands are
a dark rusty red, and the venter is unspotted. This is a range ex-
tension as well as a new record for Chihuahua.

Bufo m. mazatlanensis Taylor — This species was also abundant,
principally in small pools along the river. Twelve (BYU 14343-54)
were taken, all of which appear to be similar to specimens seen
from five miles east of San Bias (BYU 14115-16, 14119-20) and
seven miles south of Tuxpan on heights above Rio San Pedro (BYU
19421-3), Nayarit.

A comparison of the three series provides little variation.
The occipital crests are present or absent in each series and the
color pattern is nearly uniform throughout, except for the absence of
the dorsal median stripe in two from Tuxpan. We find, as did
Smith and Grant (Herpetologica 14:18), that the key characters
(occipital crests) for both nayaritensis and mazatlanensis break
down in these populations.

The finding of this species in Chihuahua is a new state record
as well as a considerable range extension to the east.

Bufo punctatus Baird and Girard — One (BYU 14341) was
taken from beneath a rock on the hillside above the river. Although
punctatus has been taken previously in Chihuahua, the published
records are for localities east of the Continental divide.

Rana pipiens Schreber — A number were seen along the river.
Two specimens (BYU 14365-6) were taken.

Anolis nebuloides Bocourt — Three specimens (BYU 14335-7)
were taken from among low growing shrubs. All are adult females
and possessed in life, a pale pink spot on the dewlap. They are
similar to specimens (BYU 13915-16) taken 17 miles north of
Mazatlan, Sinaloa, and (UI 41376-7) Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, in
that all have rugose head scales, enlarged dorsals and ventrals, and
smaller less conspicuous supraocular plates. Perhaps both nebulosus
and nebuloides occur in Chihuahua, however, these are nebuloides
thus confirming its presence in Chihuahua.

Ctenosaura hemilopha (Cope)— A series of nine (BYU 14616-
24) were taken from ledges and trees near town and from crevices
in a rock wall surrounding an old cemetery. We found them to
be a common species, although warry and difficult to secure.

In all there is a brownish-grey body color with three black
blotches on the neck and shoulders. The first is small, the second
large and with lateral extensions extending anteriorly nearly to the
head, and enclosing the first. The posterior blotch forms a bar
across the back and is the largest. A series of nine light cross bars,
the anterior ones alternating with the black blotches, extend from
between the first and second blotch posterior to base of tail. Near

4

Dec. 31. 1959 herptiles from chihuahua 11

midbody they consist of a row of light spots and anteriorly wider
cross bands. Posterior to the third black blotch there is no indication
of dark cross bands between the light bands, only a uniform brown
body color occurs. On none did we observe green on the body, legs,
or tail.

Variations in some of the scale patterns are as follows: Dorsal
crest ranges fiom 83-104; these begin 7-9 rows posterior to enlarged
head plates and terminate just anterior to hind legs, an area much
more than three-fourths of body length. Between the posterior dor-
sal crest scales and the first enlarged scale of the caudal crest are 33-
54 transverse rows. Those with the greater number of dorsal crest
scales have fewer rows between the dorsal and tail crests. Ventrals
range from 120-144; femoral pores 5-8; supralabials 10-12; infrala-
bials 12-14; snout to vent range 138 to 200.

A specimen of C. pectinata (BYU 14143) taken 27 mi. S
Acaponeta, Nayarit, has a greenish ground color, lacks the large
shoulder blotches and has the dorsal crest reach the sacrum. The
dorsal crest is separated from the caudal crest by seven rows of
small scales. Although the dorsal crest extends farther posterior,
the scales are larger and thus fewer (78) than in C. hemilopha.

Sceloporus clarki uriqucnsis subsp. n.

Type. — An adult male, BYU 14311, taken at Urique, Chi-
huahau. Mexico, July 16, 1958, by Wilmer W. Tanner and W.
derald Robison, Jr.

Paratypes. — BYU 14310 and 14312, both topotypes.

Diagnosis. — A moderate to small form with the averages for
the major scale counts, dorsals, ventrals, scales around body and
femoral pores, falling between those of clarki and boulengeri. It is
distinct from both in that the nasal is separated from the larilabials;
there is only one scale between the subocular and labials at the
middle of eye, postmentals are reduced to four, and there are only
four supraoculars. The color pattern is distinct with a bright green
head cap in males and a gray body without blue scales as in clarki
or the dorsolateral stripes as in boulengeri.

Discription of Type. — Snout-vent 80.0; total length 182.5;
snout-vent length approximately 45 per cent of total length.

Rostral broad, followed by four postrostrals; four internasals,
lateral pair cul'^'ing around nasal; a semicircle of three postnasals;
seven frontonasals, first row with two large median and two small
laterals immediately posterior to postnasals, second row of three;
prefrontals in contact; frontal divided, anterior part twice size
of posterior, posterior in broad contact with interparietal; parietals
triangle shaped and smaller than interparietal; nasal round, sepa-
rated from larilabials by lateral postrostral and subnasal; two can-
thals. first smallest; one loreal; one preocular; one subocular; three
postoculars; five superciliaries, separated from supraoculars by a
row of small scales; four supraoculars on left side, five on right

78

TANNER AND ROBISON

The Great Basin Naturalist

Vol. XIX, No. 4

first three large supraoculars separated from median head scales
by a row of small scales. From rostral to middle of eye, four supra-
labials and 5-6 infralabials; larilabials, a large scale alternating
with two small scales; mental narrower but longer than rostral;
outer row of postmentals 4-4 and separated from mental by half
distance of first infralabial; inner row 4-5 and larger.

Gulars and ventrals smooth and notched; dorsals strongly

A

Fig. 1. Type specimen, Sceloporus clarki uriquensis. A. Dorsal head plates
showing the four supraoculars. B. Scale arrangement around and below the
nostral.

keeled and spined; scales around body 36; dorsals 30; ventrals
44; femoral pores 12-12; lamallae fourth toe 21-21.

Color and Color Pattern. — Dorsum grayish-brown, without
spots or stripes; dorsal head scales approximating a uniform Sul-

Dec. 31. 1959 hiiu'tilks i-iu)m chihuahua 79

phate dreen (Kidgeway 1912); nuchal dark spots distinct anterior
to shoulders, fading dorsally, margined posteriorly by a narrow
incomplete light stripe; scales below ear and on posterior edge of
slioiilder sj)Ot witli bhie spots; dark shoulder spots narrowly sepa-
rated ventrally by blue of gular spot; a single median bright blue
gular spot, surrounded by black, except posteriorly; chin gray,
stippled with fine dark spots; chest cream colored; abdomen with
lateral patches of light blue, darker medially and separated narrowly
by white; posterior half of tail faintly barred; forearm and hands
with three light brown bars.

Range. — Known ordy from the type locality.

Remarks. — Several other specimens were seen but were so
agile in the large trees that we had great difficulty even seeing
them. The females are more drab colored and lack the bright
green on the head scales. In contrast to the male there are four
or five brownish chevron cross bands from nape to base of tail;
the brown bands on tail are also distinct.

The two paratypes have only four large subequal supraocular
plates. This is quite in contrast to the series of five large supra-
oculars observed in specimens of clarki and boulengeri. Although
the anterior supraocular in the latter two forms is always smaller
than the other scales, it is present and easily distinguished from the
small adjoining circumorbitals. Other scales range as follows: rows
around body, 36-38; dorsals, 29-30; ventrals, 40-45; femoral pores,
12-12.

Material. — (5. c. clarki). Chihuahua: Bavispe River, below
Three Rivers, Sonora-Chihuahua line, BYU 13368-9, 13429, 13431-3.
13470, 13494-5, 13498. 13500-2, 13506, 13584-9, 13592; Colonia
Juarez, BYU 13440-1; Red Rock, 12 mi. up Tinaja Canyon, BYU
13854. Arizona: 2 mi. W of Highway 92, Carr Canyon. BYU 13569.

{S. c. boulengeri). Sonora: Agiabampo, LMK 4069; Guiroco-
ba, LMK 28390, 3, 4 and SDSNH 18299-33; 4 mi. N Navojoa.
BYU 15179; 7 mi. SW of Alamos, SDSNH 18834-9. Sinaloa: Mazat-
lan, LMK 7337-41. Nayarit: Isabel Island, LMK 7332-4, 19125-9,
26780, 32931-3.

Sceloporus horridus albiventris Smith — A series of six speci-
mens (BYU 14304-9) ranging from juveniles to adults were taken
from a rocky brush area near the river and south of town. Adult
males were conspicuous with their orange colored head cap, promi-
nent dorsal spotting and dorsolateral stripes. Specimens seen in
Nayarit (1956) were not so distinctly marlved. The venter is with
few marks and without blue. Femoral pores are seemingly increased
over the coastal populations and range from 3-3 to 4-4.

This extends the range to the north and east, and is a new rec-
ord for Chihuahua.

Sceloporus nelsoni coeruleus subsp. n.
Type. — .\n adult male, BYU 14316, taken at Urique, Chi-
huahua. Mexico, July 16, 1958, by Wilmer W. Tanner and W.
Gerald Robison, Jr.

80

TANNER AND ROBISON

The Great Basin Naturalist

Vol. XIX, No. 4

Paratypes. — BYU 14315, 14317-20, 14322-25, all topotypes.

Diagnosis. — Smaller than nelsoni and with tail compressed in
both males and females. Dorsals increased, but with postrostrals
usually decreased to three. Males with extensive deep blue from
throat to hind legs. Adult females with considerable blue on abdo-

Fig. 2. Type specimen, Sceloporus nelsoni coeruleus. Dorsal head plates and
color pattern.

men, margined medially by black. Dorsolateral stripes faint or
obscure; labials, nape, shoulders and femors, with patches of
orange, rather than the red or pink of nelsoni.

Discription of type. — Snout-vent 57; tail slightly compressed
and with the tip regenerating.

Rostral broad, clearly visible from above, three postrostrals,
median longer than wide and separating first pair of internasals,
three scales in second row of internasals, median smallest; three

Dec. 31. 1959 herptiles from chihuahua 81

frontonasals, median largest; two large prefrontals, widely sutured
medially; fR)ntal divided, first section larger, second wedge-shaped
and dividing frontoparietals; right frontoparietal divided, two un-
divided parietals; interparietal large, wider than long and followed
by an enlarged median scute.

Nasal round, in broad contact with larilabials; a circle of
three postnasals; two canthals, first larger; five supraoculars, first
three separated from median head scales, all separated from super-
ciharies by a row of small scales; preocular divided; one large
subocular. followed by two smaller postoculars; both sub and
postoculars keeled. Four supralabials, separated from lateral head
scales by two rows of larilabials; mental nearly as long as wide,
followed by three pair of chin-shields, first pair in contact, second
pair slightly smaller and separated by two small scales, third pair
smallest; four infralabials, first much the largest, separated from
chin-shields and gulars by outer row of postmentals.

Gulars and ventrals smooth and notched; dorsals 39; ven-
trals 48; scales around body 42; femoral pores 18-19; lamellae
fourth toe 17-18.

Color and Color Pattern. — Dorsal scales brown with a bluish
undertone, becoming darker laterally; dorsolateral stripe obscure;
lateral head scales, shoulders and hind legs with patches or splashes
of orange; abdomen, chest and throat with an extensive deep blue,
a small pale blue spot on sternum surrounded by dark blue; gulars
with scale rows of white and blue alternating spots, producing
a checkered pattern; black shoulder spot present, extending as a
narrow band across the throat area. A dorsal and three ventral
light spots in margin of shoulder spot; latter extending onto front
leg; one at point of shoulder largest.

Range. — Known only from the type locality.

Variations. — The type series is rather uniform but does show
the following variations: Scales around body 41-45; dorsals 38-43.
average 40.2; ventrals 42-48; femoral pores 17-19, average 18.3;
postrostrals 3 or 4. more often 3; postnasals 2-4, average 2.84;
frontoparietals divided in seven specimens, divided on one side in
two and not divided in one. In first row of dorsals posterior to inter-
parietal is a large medial scale, partly covered by black of parietal
spot. Snout to vent length range from 51.5 to 57.5. In males the
color pattern is uniform, as described for type. Females are vari-
able, with smaller specimens having less pigment in the ventral
pattern. Adult females have large ventral patches of blue edged
medially with black and are similar in this regard to the males
of nelsoni.

Material: (S. n. nelsoni) Type (USNM 47676); paratypes;
USNM 18979, 47271, 47273-5, 47629 and 47690-1; and BYU
14383-4, 18 mi. S Acaponeta, Nayarit.

IJ rosaurus bicarinatus tuberculatus Schmidt — One adult male
(BYU 14321) was taken from a ledge approximately one mile south
of Urique. It is similar to specimens seen from northern Sinaloa,
varying only in that the enlarged dorsals commence slightly poster-

The Great Basin Naturalist
82 TANNER AND ROBISON Vol. XIX, No. 4

ior to the anterior edge of the insertion of the front legs. The en-
larged dorsals are equally rugose and some are mucronate. A
female specimen (KU 47401) taken at La Bufa*, Chihuahua, is
also similar to the bicarinatus specimens seen from Sinaloa. Bato-
pilas, the type locality for Urosaurus unicus Mittleman, is not far
from La Bufa or Urique and all three localities are in the same
drainage system.

We have examined the type of Urosaurus unicus Mittleman
(USNM 14248) and find it to resemble bicarinatus except for
the more posterior position of the enlarged dorsals and the reduced
rugoseness. The type appears to be an adult female. A second
specimen seen by Mittleman (Smith & Mittleman, Kans. Acad.
Sci. 46:246) is a juvenile.

Based on the data available for the four known specimens,
there is considerable doubt as to whether unicus represents a
distinct species. Except for the characters indicated above there
are no significant differences in either scalation or color pattern.
There is also a question as to whether it is a subspecies of Urosaurus
bicarinatus, or a clinal variation in b. tuberculatus . Therefore, until
sufficient material is available to make a final determination, we
choose to include the Chihuahua specimens in Urosaurus bicarinatus
tuberculatus Schmidt.

Cnemidorphorus sacki barrancorum Zweifel — Seven speci-
mens (BYU 14326-43) were taken along the river and trails near
Urique. This species is one of the commonest in the area.

Phrynosoma o. orbicular e Linnaeus — One specimen (BYU
14314) was taken on the west side of the canyon approximately
three-fourths of the distance to the rim. It was in an opening at
the lower edge of the pine belt.

Drymarchon corais rubidus Smith — A single adult (BYU
14245) was taken from near the river approximately one mile
south of Urique. It was abroad when seen at 11:15 a.m.

The occurence of this species so far north is not surprising
since the area is actually a continuation of the coastal plain-foothill
habitat. It is a new record for Chihuahua.

The color pattern is a uniform black above and with a pale
salmon colored venter. In scutellation it is similar to the series
listed by Smith (1941:476). The important characteristics are
as follows: A male, 1457 total length, with tail 275; ventrals 199;
caudals 72; and infralabials 7-7 .

Ilypsiglena torquata subsp. — One adult male (BYU 14313) was
taken approximately one mile west of Urique. The night snakes of
Chihuahua are being considered in a subsequent study.

*A recently abandoned town on the Batopilas River and not to be con-
fused with the mountain of the same name at Cusihuiriachi, Chihuahua.

83

Life History Notes on Ptirahaallus coloraclns Scud.

On October 20, 1959, an adult female phasmid, Parabacillus coloradus
Scud., was collected just a few yards north of the Brigham Young University
stadium fence on a ragweed stem. It was reddish-brown, resembling the color
of the stem, and was two and one-half inches in length.

After a few days in captivity it laid several black eggs the size of a rye
kernel. The eggs were kept in a pint bottle until January 3. 1960, when the
first of these hatched. The young phasmid. just a few hours after hatching,
was one-half of an inch in length. This was quite surprising because of the
small size of the egg. The body was yellowish-brown with a dorsal brownish-
black strip running from the head to the caudal end. It appeared to be quite
slow in its motions and often remained quiet in one place for a long time.

Comstock reports that in the common northern species Diapheromera
femorata the eggs are dropped late i nthe summer and so do not hatch until
the following spring, and tliat in some cases remain until the second spring
before they hatch.

The eggs of this phasmid were laid on October 25. 1959, and just two and
one-half months later they began to hatch. This was probably due to the warm
conditions in which they were kept.

The young phasmid was kept alive in a terrestrial acquarium with a rag-
weed habitat. It lived for ten days in this environment before death.

— Wayne E. Saunders, Graduate Student in Entomology.

84

INDEX TO VOLUME XIX

The new genera and species described in this volume appear in bold
type in this index.

A Collection of Herptiles from
Urique, Chihuahua, p. 75

American Species of Hydremetridae
Billberg, 1820, p. 50

Amphicosmus arizonensis, p. 67

Background Radiation and Endemic
Faunal Range in the San Luis
Valley of Southern Colorado, p.
37.

Carl Linnaeus' Contributions and
Collections, p. 27

Carl Linnaeus' Early life and School-
ing, p. 27

Collection of Plants and Animals
from America Studied by Linnaeus
p. 32

Daniel, Joseph C, Jr. and R. Leo-
nard Blain, article by, p. 37

Darwin after 100 Years 1859-1959,
p. 34

Dendroterus confinis Wood, p. 6

Dendroterus decipiens Wood, p. 5

Dendroterus mundus Wood, p. 3

Dendroterus texanus Wood, p. 4

Description of a New Species of

Eucyllus (Coleoptera: Curculion-

idae), p. 53

Description of a New Tenebrionid
(Coleoptera) from Glen Canyon,
Utah, p. 62

Descriptions, Synonymy, and Check-
List of American Hydrometiidae
(Hemiptera: Heteroptera), p. 43
Dicranoclista fasciata, p. 70
Drake, Carl J. and David R. Lauck.
article by, p. 43

Eschatomoxys tanneri Sorenson and
Stones, p. 62

Eucyllus tinkhami Tanner, p. 53

Exoprosopa painterorum, new name,
p. 74

Hydrometra alloiona Drake and
Lauck, p. 48

Hydrometra caraiba Guerin-Mene-
ville, p. 49

Hydrometra exalla, p. 48

Hylocurus femineus Wood, p. 59

Johnson, D. Elmer and Lucile

Maughan Johnson, articles by, p.

9, 67
Lauck, David R. (see Drake, Carl J.)
Life History Notes on Parabacillus

coloradus Scud.
Linnaeus after 200 Years, 1758-1958,

p. 34
Linnaeus' Collection and Library at

the Linnean Society of London,

p. 31
Linnaeus Spends Three Years in

Holland and England, p. 27
Liparthrum arizonicum Wood, p. 57
Lordotus abdominalis Johnson and

Johnson, p. 10
Lordotus albidus Hall, p. 19
Lordotus apicula Coquillett, p. 12
Lordotus arizonensis Johnson and

Johnson, p. 19
Lordotus arnaudi Johnson and John-
son, p. 13
Lordotus bucerus Coquillett, p. 20
Lordotus cingulatus, Johnson and

Johnson, p. 20
Lordotus cingulatus lineatus John-
son and Johnson, p. 22
Lordotus cingulatus rufotibialis

Johnson and Johnson, p. 23
Lordotus divisus Cresson, p. 14
Lordotus gibbus gibbus Loew, p. 20
Lordotus gibbus striatus Painter, p.

20
Lordotus junceus Coquillett, p. 15
Lordotus lutescens Johnson and

Johnson, p. 15
Lordotus miscellus melanosus John-
son and Johnson, p. 24
Lordotus miscellus Coquillett, p. 24
Lordotus preplexus Johnson and

Johnson, p. 16
Lordotus pulchrissimus pulchrissi-

mus Williston, p. 20
Lordotus sororculus nigriventris

Johnson and Johnson, p. 17

Lordotus sororculus sororculus Wil-
liston, p. 17

Micracis lignator Blackman, p. 60

INDEX

85

Monarthrum dentiger (Leconte), p.

62
Monarthrum huachucae Wood, p. 61

New Records and Species of Arizona
Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Scoly-
tidae), p. 56

New Species of Bark Beetles (Cole-
optera: Scolytidae), Mostly Mexi-
can, Part v., p. 1

Pseudopityophthorus tenuis Wood,
p. 1

Pseudothysanoes spinura Wood, p.
58

Robison, W. Gerald, Jr., (see Tan-
ner, Wilmer W.)

Saunders, Wayne E. article by, p. 83

Sorenson, Edward B. and Robert C
Stones, article by, p. 62

Tanner, Vasco M., articles by, p. 27,
53

Tanner, Wilmer W. article by, p. 75

Taxonomic Notes on North Ameri-
can Beeflies with Descriptions of
New Species, p. 67

Wood, Stephen L., articles by, p.
1, 56

Volume XIX

Date of Mailing No. 1 June 20, 1959

Date of Mailing No. 2-3 December 18, 1958

Date of Mailing No. 4 April 22, 1960

i

I