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Y = < = wy < S 4 = 4 y fy, z ~ : ‘ 2 : % YP 2 Fe uz) iE Na he ida 2 \ > = BS >" ; a . > , 1 oy Wah (en Rea | PT ire enero q ON afer twwywga ae. rRRaA att Be ON eee Pi et Neat he a i ie ai - at 7 _ - i A : oe . m0 : o | 7 : 7 : = : : = - "4 : 7 : - sae —_ : : . ne : 7 7 : . ; 7 ; - 7 7 a 7 : ; : ey _ id - ; 7 7 2 : a a 1 : - a = 7 a = > a r 7 : a a . = = i i State of Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey BULLETIN NO. 34 GUIDE TO THE INSECTS OF CONNECTICUT PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF WILTON EVERETT BRITTON, Pu.D. : : did: Be : ; : State Entomologist and Entomologist of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station PART IV The Hemiptera or Sucking Insects of Connecticut By Wi TON “EVERE PE BRITTON, PHD: WITH THE COLLABORATION OF James Francis Apsott, PuH.D., Professor of Zoology, Washington University. ARTHUR CHALLEN Baker, PuH.D., U. S. Bureau of Entomology. Harry Garpner Barzer, A.M., Teacher, DeWrtt Clinton High School, New i — -York City. — Wu14tam TuHompeson Davis, New York Entomological Socieiy. - Dwicut Moore Detone, Pu.D., Assistant Professor of Entomology, Ohio ' State University. _ Wititam Derpert Funkuouser, Pu.D., Professor of Zoology, University | of Kentucky. Harry Hazreton :Knicut, PuH.D., Assistant Entomologist, Minnesota : Agricultural Experiment Station. me Maxson, Great Western Sugar Company Experiment 3} tation. Hersert Oszorn, D.Sc., Professor of Zoology and Entomology, Ohio State ity University. ee Mapison ParsuHiey, Sc.D., Associate Professor of Zoology, Smith ollege. Epita Marion Patcu, Pu.D., Entomologist, Maine Agricultural Experi- ment Station. Louis Acassiz STEARNS, M.Sc., Associate Entomologist, Virginia State Crop Pest Commussion. | José Rorzin pE LA Torre-Bueno, F.E.S., Editor, Bulletin Brooklyn ie Entomological Society. Epwarp Payson Van Duzee, Curator of Entomology, California Academy e of Sciences. - Hartty Frost Witson, M.S., Professor of Economic Entomology, University of Wisconsin. HARTFORD pee re PUBLISHED BY THE STATE A NOME BRU ty SN 1923 ee * 7G 2 So tbe # bh: Ai yt ‘s ease ge ee TIS RE Be Recaro re nyse ; — i State of Connecticut PUBLIC DOCUMENT. No: 47 State Geological and Natural History Survey H H. ROBINSON, Superintendent BULLETIN NO. 34 Mn RS LIER wei a ott Seria toners — ’ 4 ae WA; \, f i" 262 ale akelions Mo 288% PDN amare ¢ HARTFORD Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey 1923 State Geological and Natural History Survey COMMISSIONERS Cuartes A. TEMPLETON, Governor of Connecticut James RowLanp ANGELL, President of Yale University WILLIAM ARNOLD SHANKLIN, President of Wesleyan University REMSEN BRINCKERHOFF OcILBy, President of Trinity College Cuarites Lewis Beacu, President of Connecticut Agricultural College BENJAMIN TINKHAM MarsHALL, President of Connecticut College for Women SUPERINTENDENT H. H. Rosinson DISTRIBUTION AND EXCHANGE AGENT GeEorGE S. GopaARD Publication Approved by the Board of Control GL es C@ OX et & > L = ¥ YY 4 GUIDE TO THE INSECTS OF CONNECTICUT PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF WILTON EVERETT BRITTON, Pu:D: State Entomologist and Entomologist of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station PART IV The Hemiptera or Sucking Insects of Connecticut By WILTON EVERETT -BRITTON, Pa.D: WITH THE COLLABORATION OF James Francis Appott, PH.D., Professor of Zoology, Washington University. ARTHUR CHALLEN Baker, PH.D., U. S. Bureau of Entomology. Harry GARDNER Barser, A.M., Teacher, DeWitt Clinton High School, New York City. Witit1AmM THompson Davis, New York Entomological Society. DwicHt Moore Detone, PH.D., Assistant Professor of Entomology, Ohio State University. WILLIAM DELBERT FUNKHOUSER, PH.D., Professor of Zoology, University of Kentucky. Harry Hazteton Kwnicut, Pu.D., Assistant Entomologist, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. AsA CHANDLER Maxson, Great Western Sugar Company Experiment Station. HerBert Osporn, D.Sc.; Professor of Zoology and Entomology, Ohio State Umiversity. Howarp Mapison ParsH ey, Sc.D., Associate Professor of Zoology, Smith College. EpirH Marton Patcu, Pu.D., Entomologist, Maine Agricultural Experi- ment Station. Louis AGassiz STEARNS, M.Sc., Associate Entomologist, Virginia State Crop Pest Commnussion. José RoLtin pE LA Torre-BuENo, F.E.S., Editor, Bulletin Brooklyn Entomological Society. Epwarp Payson Van Duzees, Curator of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences. Haritey Frost Witson, M.S., Professor of Economic Entomology, University of Wisconsin. HARTFORD Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey 1923 ae v Day ; i vig ay a ce mS. CONTENTS Page Introduction 5 ! , : : ! : 9 Statistics : : : : . : : 12 Explanation of collectors’ initials . i : : 18) Authorship ; : : : : : 15 Order HEMIPTERA : : : é : 17 Suborder PARASITICA . : . : ; . i y/ Family HAEMATOMYZIDAE . : : , ; : 18 So oeeEDICULIDAE . : : . ‘ : 18 ““ HAEMATOPINIDAE . : : ; : : 19 “ ECHINOPHTHIRIDAE : : : : 22 Suborder HoMoprTeraA : : : : ; 22 Family FULGORIDAE . : : ; : : : 24 [7 . CICADELLIDAE : : ; : : t 56 “ MEMBRACIDAE : : ; : : : 163 me OERCOPIDAR ” . : : : i : 206 ee CICADIDAR. : , ; : : 238 ))- PSyYLLIpAE (or CHERMIDAE): . : t : 243 i) APHIDIDAE ©. : : : ; : ‘ 250 a ALEYRODIDAE . : : : : : : 335 aoe COCCIDAE ; ee ‘ : . : 346 Suborder HETEROPTERA ‘ : : : ‘ : 383 Family CoRIXIDAE . : : : : ! ; 386 i) (OCHTERIDAE . i : : ‘ : k 301 ee INERTHRIDAE . : ; : : : 3 3292 ie) BELOSTOMATIDAR . ‘ f : : : 306 ““ NEPIDAE : : : : 399 be NAUCORIDAE . : ; ; ; Gh AO? an) INOTONECTIDAE 2 : : Q 4 : 404 i) SALDIDAE : 3 A : ‘ F : 408 ao VV ELTIDAE : ; ; : : : t 416 “~ MrripaE (CApPSIDAE) : ; : : : 422 ““_ GERRIDAE : : : : ; : : 658 H{YDROMETRIDAE : : : ‘ : 663 CONNECTICUT GEOL. ANDONAT? EIST. 2SURV EN: Family TERMATOPHYLIDAE. . Index ANTHOCORIDAE CIMICIDAE NABIDAE MESOVELIIDAE : é NAEOGEIDAE (or HEBRIDAE) REDUVIIDAE PHYMATIDAE ENICOCEPHALIDAE PIES MIDAE TINGIDAE LYGAEIDAE NEIDIDAE ARADIDAE COREIDAE ALYDIDAE CORIZIDAE PENTATOMIDAE CYDNIDAE SCUTELLERIDAE SUMMARY OF ILLUSTRATIONS TEXT FIGURES 1-3. Family Fulgoridae. 4-14. Family Cicadellidae. 15-17. Family Membracidae. 18-20. Family Cercopidae. 21-24. Family Psyllidae. 25-31. Family Aphididae. 32. Family Aleyrodidae. 33-35. Family Coccidae. 36. Family Corixidae. 27, Family Ochteridae. 38. Family Nerthridae. 39-40. Family Belostomatidae. 41-42. Family Nepidae. 43. Family Naucoridae . 44-45. Family Notonectidae. 46. Family Saldidae. 47-149. Family Miridae. 150-151. Family Gerridae. 152. Family Hydrometridae. 153. Family Nabidae. 154. Family Naeogeidae. 155-163. Family Reduviidae. 164-165. Family Tingidae. 166-167. Family Lygaeidae. 168-169. Family Pentatomidae. PLATES lly Suborder Parasitica. II-III. Family Cicadellidae. IV. Families Fulgoridae, Membracidae and Cercopidae. V. Family Cicadidae. Wale Family Psyllidae. VII-XI. Family Aphididae. xXiL Family Aleyrodidae. XITI-XV. Family Coccidae. XVI. Families Corixidae, Belostomatidae, Nepidae, Nau- coridae, Notonectidae, Gerridae, Miridae, Lygaeidae, Cimicidae, Nabidae, Phymatidae and Reduviidae. XVII. Families Reduviidae and Tingidae. XVIII. Families Aradidae, Coreidae, Alydidae, Corizidae, Penta- tomidae, Cydnidae and Scutelleridae. XIX. Eges of Hemipterous insects. eX: Injury caused by Hemiptera. Hemiptera of Connecticut. INTRODUCTION. The name of this order—Hemiptera—comes from the Greek, hems, meaning half, and pteron, a wing, on account of the basal half of the wing being thickened, in many species, with the terminal half transparent and membranous. The order Hemiptera of the early works on classification, and as considered by the earlier entomologists, included practically all of those insects with sucking mouthparts, having incomplete trans- formations. Forms of great diversity and even greater habits were thus brought together in one order. Some modern writers now make three orders in place of one, namely, Parasitica, Homoptera and Hemiptera. In these Bulletins of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, it was deemed best not to complicate the classification features to such an extent as to discourage teachers and pupils who are expected to make much use of these publications. Ento- mologists will understand, I think, that the old arrangement is given in this publication for the sake of simplicity and because the order Hemiptera in the key to orders in Bulletin No. 16, page 34, included all its subdivisions, and not because the present writer claims to be an authority on classification. Geologically, the evidence seems to show that the Hemiptera date from the Paleozoic age, and that probably the Homoptera appeared at an earlier date than the Heteroptera. As regards other orders of insects, both the Odonata (dragonflies) and the Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, etc.) are older than the Hemiptera. All species of the Hemiptera (sensu latior) have mouthparts fitted for sucking their food. All species have incomplete transformations. There is no true pupa stage, though in the families Psyllidae, Aleyrodidae, and in the males of Coccidae, there is something most nearly approaching it. With most families the nymphs hatching from the eggs grad- ually increase in size and change slightly in passing through their molting stages until they reach the adult form. Most of the scale insects, or Coccidae, Aleyrodidae and part of the Psyllidae, are non-motile during the greater portion of their lives and are fixed upon their food plants. Galls-are formed by some of the Psyllids, particularly those occurring on hackberry, and by some of the aphids. 9 IO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Most of the species of Hemiptera probably have only one gen- eration each year. Some of the leaf-hoppers have two or more, the San José Scale (Coccidae) has two broods in Connecticut, and tropical or semitropical species of Coccidae occurring on plants in greenhouses probably breed continuously without regard to season. The life histories of many species are not well-known and some are entirely unknown. Undoubtedly the aphids exceed all other species of insects in the number of annual generations. Though the winter is usually passed in the egg stage, some species winter as adults. Of other species as many as thirteen generations are known to occur in a single season, most of these being born alive (viviparous) without the intervention of males. This habit enables them to multiply very rapidly and consequently they are among the most important pests of cultivated plants. Several writers have pointed out that no order of insects has been more neglected by entomologists or is more directly con- nected with the welfare of the human race than the Hemiptera. The Parasitica all live upon mammals, sucking their blood, and include some of the most important pests of man and the domestic animals. The Homoptera all suck the juices from the leaves or twigs of plants, many species being markedly injurious. Thus the members of the family Cicadellidae feed upon the leaves and are known as “leaf-hoppers,” those of the Membracidae feed upon the stems and twigs and are called “tree-hoppers,” the Fulgoridae or “lantern flies” are usually on the stems or leaves of herbaceous plants or shrubs. The Cercopidae, known as “frog-hoppers” or “spittle insects,’ make frothy masses on the stems of grasses or the twigs of trees and shrubs. The members of the Cicadidae, or “harvest flies,’ are larger than those of the families just men- tioned and apparently with all the species the immature forms are subterranean and feed upon the roots of trees: the adults suck sap from twigs and branches, and lay their eggs in them. The best-known and most destructive species in this family is the “periodical cicada” or “‘seventeen-year locust.” The Psyllids, or “jumping plant lice,’ occur on the stems and leaves of woody plants, and only a few species are considered as pests. The Aphids, or “plant lice,” are very abundant as regards species and individuals and are common to nearly every plant species. They are usually found on the under surface of the leaves or on the tender shoots, often doing great damage. The Aleyrodids, or ‘‘white flies,” are few in number of species, and occur on the under side of leaves. Only two or three species in our range are con- sidered of economic importance. The Coccidae, or “scale insects,” occur on the bark and leaves of trees, the stems and leaves of herbaceous plants and shrubs, and certain species are found in the nests of ants: they are fairly abundant and include a number of important pests. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 11 The Hemiptera, or Heteroptera, include a number of families like the Tingidae or “lace bugs,” Miridae or “leaf bugs,” Lygaei- dae, Coreidae and Neididae, the members of which feed upon plant tissues, and certain species are well-known and important pests. Other families like the Reduviidae or “assassin bugs,” Phymatidae or “ambush bugs,” Nabidae or “damsel bugs,” Veliidae or “water striders,’ Belostomatidae or “giant water bugs,” Corixidae, “water boatmen,” Notonectidae, “back swim- mers,” and it is believed the Aradidae or “flat bugs,” are predatory on insects and other small animals. The Cimicidae or “bed bugs,” attack warm blood animals. Other families like the Pentatomidae or ‘stink bugs,” contain certain species which are plant feeders, while others are predatory upon insects. Though the insects of most of the families are terrestrial, the species of Veliidae, Nepidae, Saldidae, Nerthridae, Belosto- matidae, Corixidae and Notonectidae are aquatic. In general the plant-feeding species, as well as those attacking the higher animals, are regarded as injurious, while the predatory species are called beneficial because they attack and destroy many individuals of noxious species. But they are perhaps just as apt to devour harmless or even beneficial species, should such be at hand. From certain species of Coccidae in the Orient is obtained the lac of commerce, and certain other species of the same family formerly supplied the brilliant red dye, cochineal. Thus the Hemiptera as a whole contains many species which are considered injurious, and some beneficial ones: few or none are parasitic on other insects, though many are predatory. The numbers of individuals in the Hemiptera are greatly reduced, and in fact the species often held in check, by parasites and natural enemies. Hymenopterous, Dipterous and even Lepi- dopterous insects are known to parasitize the Hemiptera. The larvae of Coleoptera, especially Coccinellidae or lady beetles, devour vast quanties of aphids and scale insects. The larvae of Syrphid flies (Diptera) and lace-wing flies (Neuroptera) also feed upon aphids. Some 20,000 species of Hemiptera have been described over the whole world; there are about 5,000 species in North America and over 870 species are known to occur in Connecticut. In number of species, the order is exceeded, at least in Connecticut, only by the Coleoptera (beetles), Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps), and possibly by the Diptera (flies). The sequence of the families in this work follows in reverse order that of Van Duzee’s Catalogue of Hemiptera, 1917, which so far is the most complete arrangement of the order in this country. Though there are various opinions in regard to special groups, it has seemed best to the Editor to follow this, the most available and authoritative arrangement, leaving it to specialists to settle elsewhere any controverted points. 12 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. SLTATIS@IES, Statistics of the Connecticut Hemiptera given in this bulletin are as follows: Number of Species and Varieties. Number Recorded of from Suborder Family Genera. Listed. Connecticut. Parasitica Haematomyzidae I I O Pediculidae 33 3 3 Haematopinidae 8 16 5 Echinophthiridae 2 2 a) Homoptera Fulgoridae Bo 108 51 Cicadellidae 47 266 192 Membracidae 22 777, 7I Cercopidae 6 AI 12 Cicadidae 3 9 7 Psyllidae 8 - 26 19 Aphididae 65 234 05 Aleyrodidae 5 1 10 Coccidae 27. 86 53 Heteroptera Corixidae 4 14 10 Octheridae I 2 8) Nerthridae I 2 fe) Belostomatidae 3 7 5 Nepidae 2 4 2 Naucoridae I I I Notonectidae 3 10 5 Saldidae 5 20 9 Veliidae 3 22 I Gerridae 5 13 7 Hydrometridae I I ) Miridae (Capsidae) 83 403 149 Termatophylidae I I 8) Anthocoridae 5 6 2 Cimicidae 2 x 2 Nabidae 2 II 6 Mesoveliidae I I I Naeogeidae (Hebridae) 2 3 I Reduviidae 23 35 14 Phymatidae I 2 2 Enicocephalidae I I ie) Piesmidae I I I Tingidae 13 32 21 Lygaeidae 30 53 42 Neididae 2 2 2 Aradidae 4 32 8 Coreidae 7 II 8 Alydidae 5 7 4 Corizidae 2 6 a Pentatomidae 29 47 39 Cydnidae 6 10 7 Scutelleridae 2 2 2 Total 486 1,646 872 No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 13 EXPLANATION OF COLLECTORS’ INITIALS. W. E. B—W. E. Britton, State and Station Entomologist, Agri- cultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Conn. Author of a portion of this Bulletin. Has collected in nearly all parts of the State. A. I. B—Arthur I. Bourne, Assistant Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station, Amherst, Mass. In 1909, was assistant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Station at New Haven. Collected around New Haven. P, L. B.—Philip L. Buttrick, Assistant Professor of Forestry, Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Mich. In 1904 and 1906 was employed temporarily as Assistant in Entomol- ogy, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. Has collected around New Haven. K. F. C.—Kenyon F. Chamberlain, Cornwall, Conn. Employed as Assistant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Station at New Haven in. 1918 and 1919. MHas collected in various parts of the State, but chiefly around Cornwall and New Haven. A. B. C—Alfred B. Champlain, Bureau of Plant Industry, Harris- burg, Pa. Assistant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Station, iNew. Haven, in’ 1910 and 1911. Has collected; in different parts of the State, but particularly around New Haven and Lyme. D. J. C—Donald J. Caffrey, European Corn Borer Laboratory, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, Arlington, Mass. From Ig1o to 1913 Assistant Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. Collected chiefly around Wallingford and Stonington. I. W. D.—Irving W. Davis, Assistant Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Deputy in Charge of Gipsy Moth Work, ‘1913 to 1920. Resides in Danielson.’ Has collected mostly in Windham and New London Counties. D. M. D—Dwight M. DeLong, Bureau of Plant Industry, Harris- burg, Pa. Author of the Cicadellidae of this Bulletin. Col- lected around New Haven, when in the Army Laboratory School in 1918. E. L. D.—E. L. Dickerson, Nutley, N. J., formerly Assistant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Bruns- wick, N. J. Has collected in Brookfield, Conn. C. R. E.—Charles R. Ely, Washington, D. C. Has collected at East River, where he spends his summer vacations. P. G—Philip Garman, Assistant Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Conn. J. A. H—James A. Hyslop, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, Wash- ington, D. C. Employed on gipsy moth work at Stonington in 1906. 14 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. G. H. H—George H. Hollister, Superintendent Keney Park, Hartford, formerly in charge of gipsy moth work, Agricul- tural Experiment Station, New Haven. Collected around Stonington. C. W. J.—Charles W. Johnson, Boston Society of Natural History, Boston, Mass. Has collected in various parts of Connecticut. H. L. J—Harry L. Johnson, South Meriden, a collector of Coleop- tera and other insects. Has collected around Meriden. H. B. K.—Harry B. Kirk, Bureau of Plant Industry, Harrisburg, Pa. Assistant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Sta- tion, New Haven, 1912. Collected around New Haven, Lyme and Stamford. F. H. L—F. H. Lathrop, Assistant Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station, Corvallis, Oregon. Collected around New Haven while in the Army Laboratory School. J. K. L—John Kirby Lewis, New Haven. Employed tempor- arily at different times as Assistant in Entomology, Agricul- tural Experiment Station. Has collected in various parts of the State. QO. S. L.—Quincy S. Lowry, Canton, Mass. From 1913 to 1918 was Assistant Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Sta- tion, New Haven. Has collected in various parts of the State, but more particularly around New Haven. W. M.—Werner Marchand, Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, N. J. E. J.S. M—E. J. S. Moore, New Haven. Employed temporarily as Assistant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Station in 1902. Collected around New Haven. A. P. M.—Albert P. Morse, Curator of Zoological Museum, Wel- lesley, Mass. A student of Orthoptera. Has collected in various parts of the State. H. M. P—Howard M. Parshley, Associate Professor of Zoology, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. A specialist in Hemip- tera, and one of the authors of this Bulletin. Has collected at a few points in the State. | L. B. R—L. Bradford Ripley, Glastonbury, employed temporarily in 1914 as Assistant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. H. L. V.—Henry L. Viereck, Bureau of Biological Survey, Wash- ington, D. C. In 1904 and 1905 was Assistant in Entomol- ogy, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. A stu- dent of Hymenoptera and the author of Hymenoptera of Connecticut (Bulletin No. 22). Has collected in all parts of the State but more especially along the coast. B. H. W.—Benjamin H. Walden, Assistant Entomologist, Agri- cultural Experiment Station, New Haven. Author of Orthoptera of Connecticut (Bulletin No. 16). Has collected in all parts of the State. H. W. W.—Henry W. Winkley, formerly of Branford, where he did most of his collecting. No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 5 L. B. W.—Lewis B. Woodruff, Brooklyn, N. Y. Summers at Litchfield, Conn., and has collected insects in that vicinity. W. C. W.—William C. Woods, Professor of Biology, Wesleyan University, Middletown. Has collected around Middletown. M. P. Z—Max P. Zappe, Assistant Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. Has collected in nearly all parts of the State. MO THOR SEITE The preparation of this bulletin has been made possible by the cooperation of a number of entomologists, fifteen in all, who will be recognized as authorities in their special fields. Of the original authors, one or two found themselves over-burdened with official duties, and were obliged to relinquish a part of the program which they had undertaken, and new men had to be procured. An effort has been made to secure as much uniformity of treat- ment as possible, and each author was furnished a brief outline of instructions, most of which were followed. In general, however, it seemed best to sacrifice uniformity, rather than individuality, and no real attempt has been made to harmonize the treatment in the different families. In the following list, each author is responsible for the manuscript of the family opposite his or her name. Parasitica by Herbert Osborn, D.Sc., Professor of Zoology and Entomology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Fulgoridae by Edward Payson Van Duzee, Curator, Depart- ment of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, Cal. Cicadellidae by Dwight Moore DeLong, Ph.D., Assistant Pro- fessor of Entomology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Membracidae by William Delbert Funkhouser, Ph.D., Pro- fessor of Zoology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky. Cercopidae by Louis Agassiz Stearns, M.Sc., Associate Ento- mologist, Virginia State Crop Pest Commission, Blacks-' burg, Va. Cicadidae by William Thompson Davis, New Brighton, Staten- sland, N.Y. Psyllidae we Edith Marion Patch, Ph.D., Hntomakeess Agri- Aphididae cultural Experiment Station, Orono, Me. Tribe Lachnini.. By Harley Frost Wilson, M.S., Pro- _ fessor of Economic Entomology, Dnepasty of Wisconsin, _, Madison, Wis. 5 Tribe Callipterini. By Arthur Challen Baker, Ph.D., | -) Entomological Assistant, Bureau of ) Entomology... Wash- | ington, D. C. Ke Iq Sq 16 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Subfamily Pemphiginae. By Asa Chandler Maxson, Head of the Great Western Sugar Company Experiment Station, Longmont, Col. a by Wilton Everett Britton, PhD., State Ento- cieaaee mologist and Entomologist Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Conn. Corixidae by James Francis Abbott, Ph.D., Professor of Zoology, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Miridae by Harry Hazleton Knight, Ph.D., Assistant Entomol- ogist, Agricultural Experiment Station, University Farm, St. Paul, Minn. Lygaeidae by Harry Gardner Barber, A.M., Roselle Park: N. J. Coccidae Ochtheridae Nerthridae Belostomatidae Nepidae Naucoridae Notonectidae Saldidae by José Rollin de la Torre-Bueno, F. E. S., Veliidae General Chemical Co., New York, NEWe Gerridae Hydrometridae Mesoveliidae Naeogeidae Reduviidae Aradidae Termatophylidae Anthocoridae Cicmicidae Nabidae Phymatidae Se aaa by Howard Madison Parshley, Sc.D., Asso- Tincidae ciate Professor of Zoology, Smith Col- Nevdidac lege, Northampton, Mass. Coreidae Alydidae | Corizidae Pentatemidae Cydnidae & il in Scutelleridae In this work on the Hemiptera of Connecticut, one hundred and twenty- seven (127) species and varieties are described as new, not all being from Connecticut, and most of them in the family Muiridae. The asterisk (*) precedes each species and variety which was described originally from Connecticut. Families and genera in the keys not occurring within the range of this paper are placed in brackets, [ ]. Records given under each species refer to Connecticut unless otherwise indicated. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. a7 Order HEMIPTERA. (Sub Class Rhynchota.) Key to Suborders. PR NEMES SUA PEESCME oes. we sec eal teen ict UI 2 Wings absent; beak fleshy and without segments (parasitic on matandy Ofer mammals)... 0 4/1 Me ene Parasitica, p. 17 2. Wings of uniform texture; usually arched or roof-like over back and sides of body; beak attached to, or produced from, the hind part of the lower side of the head; head closely joined to the prothorax with the sides resting on the bases of the fore-legs Homoptera, p. 23 Wings not of uniform texture; thickened at the base with the tips thin and membraneous; the fore wings when folded lying flat upon the back with the tips overlapping; beak attached to the front part of the head; head usually separated from the prothorax by a more or less distinct neck ...... Heteroptera, p. 383 Suborder Parasitica. By Hersert Ossorn, D.Sc. The insects of this group are wingless parasitic forms occurring only on mammals. They are entirely suctorial in mouth structure and depend upon sucking the blood of the host animals for their food supply. The antennae have from three to five segments; the eyes may be greatly reduced or wanting; there are no traces of wings and the legs are modified especially for clasping, being adapted to clinging to the hairs of the host animals. The species are among the most pernicious pests of man and domestic animals; some of the species are a special menace as carriers of disease, the most notable perhaps being the body louse of man which transmits typhus fever. The American species have been treated by the writer in Insects Affecting Domestic Animals,1 and a much more recent paper by Kellogg and Ferris? gives a quite full discussion of American species but with more especial reference to the species occurring on wild animals. The writer has drawn upon their paper for records and especially for help in the construction of the keys for the present paper. Most of the characters used in classification are minute and require examination with the microscope, and it is usually most convenient to have specimens mounted on glass slides in canada balsam. *Insects Affecting Domestic Animals, Bull. No. 5, n. s. Div. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agriculture, 1896. f * The Anoplura and Mallophaga of North American Mammals. Leland Stanford Junior Univ. Publications. Univ. Series, 1915. 18 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Key to Families. I. Occurs on marine animals only ....... ECHINOPTHIRIDAE, p24 Occurs on land mammals only 2.2. 2333625...) eee 2 2. Head much elongated; occurs on the elephant ................. HAEMATOMYZIDAE, p. 18 Head not. exceptionally elongated: i322)... eee 3 3: Eyes present and conspicuous (=.2t eee aa PEDICULIDAE, ps) 18 Eyes rudimentary or wanting ......... HAEMATOPINIDAE, p. 19 Family HARMATOMYZIDAE. This family includes but one genus and one known species which occurs on the elephant. Haematomyzus elephantis Piaget. proboscideus Piaget. Ele- phant louse. Tijds. v. Ent. iv, Ser. 2, 254, 1860. This species has a remarkably elongate head with presumably especially elongate sucking tube for the penetration of the thick hide of its host the elephant. While no records have been made of its occurrence in Connecticut the presence of its host as an occa- sional visitor at least should make its collection possible. Family, PE DICULIDAT This family includes species which have conspicuous eyes. They occur on man, the apes and monkeys, and are not known from other animals. Key to Subfamilies and Genera. t.. .Antennae five segmented «) vee... 2. eee eee PEDICULINAE 2 Antennae three segimenied Sse. seme: 4.csee eo eee PEDICINAE 3 2” All legs of equal size. 2e ig eee on ean Pediculus, p. 18 Front legs smaller than middle and hind ............ Phthirius, p. 19 gs. All legs ‘of equal size. 2s 2 eee nee eee Pedicinus, p. 19 Fore legs smaller than middle and hind ........... [ Phthirpedicinus] Pediculus Linnaeus. These are elongate in form with the legs of nearly equal size. P. capitis (DeGeer). Head louse of man. (PI. 1, 1.) Mem. Hist. Ins., 7, 67, 1778. This is the common head louse, whitish in color, which clings to the hair of the head and fastens its eggs or nits on the hair, most commonly back of the ears. Still abundant in places in spite of the efforts of sanitarians. From Steamer Richard Peck, New Haven, 1 Oct., 1910 (B. H. W.), New Haven, 15 Aug., 1911 (A. B. C.); Storrs, 1914 (J. A. Manter). P. corporis (DeGeer). Cootie, or body louse of man. (PI. 1, 2.) Mem: inistalns: 7, 67, 1778: No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PEDICULIDAE. 19 The body louse found mainly in the clothing is notorious as a pest in prisons, barracks, armies and where sanitation is difficult ; particularly obnoxious as the carrier of typhus fever. New Haven, 1917. (J. S. Miller.) Phthirius Leach. Broad and crab-like in form with the front legs smaller than the middle and hind pairs. P. pubis (Linnaeus). Crab-louse of man. (PI. i, 8.) Syst. iNat:, Edn. 10, 611, 1758. This is the common “crab-louse”’ occurring on the coarser hairs and especially in the pubic region. New, idaven,) Feb., 1894, Nov., 1002. (H. A; Doty). Storrs .(G; HyL.).. Pedicinus Gervais. The species of this genus are easily recognized by the three- jointed antennae. They have elongate bodies and occur on mon- keys. While not native to this region there is of course frequent opportunity for their appearance in connection with their hosts. Family HAEMATOPINIDAE. The species of this family occur on a variety of mammals living on land but not on man or other primates. The eyes are very small or wanting and the feet are often provided with special structure for clasping the hairs. Most of the species are distinctly flattened. Key to Genera. FOPEOILCHMIAe tf1Vie, SESIMIENTEM ol se he as vee cles Sele oi elec Wee a ans 2 PMMPeMNAcwUMhee: SCOTMCNLEC sas. cca cS sc ine ove s Ha toe «ale eee ee 13 Pm NUMICTS OL eQUAl SIZE si. hs cee s cs ce ea wee elles sc Haematopinus, p. 20 anoOnteleesesmalier than the Others «4... 40s «a cacneieree ose eee 3 Cem OMELeSS Wath TWO CLAWS ec 5)60b5 cas 3 Ve alee oa lero nacletnn aie ie ane [Scipio ] rontmlesst with one Claw: OMly 5... J. s.0.. eae ss st eee seine eee 4 Pee SOCOmen without) pleutal plates: ...6..6.62 6 sales Bede e Osea setae 5 EMD MOMennwWALMNpleGaliMlALeS Ee = .)./..0..2is a's eecvane deta crm iene neat atone 6 [eenbdominal spiracles large tubular, projecting .......0..%. [Solenoptes] Modoninalspiracles smallinot projecting <2. haere weet. Gf 6. Tergum and sternum with more than one series of hairs ....... 8 Meroum and sternum with but one series of hairs 22.00..2..2..% 9 Pemelcaduisitally: "SIENGET, (sho bcc 0 ss 00 eid 4 ohecaces ohehemnae Linognathus, p. 20 eleaGmistialhy OA) saris siete ss < lst sic ie Acoeranalehen Haemodipsus, p. 22 8. Tergum and sternum with not more than two series of hairs .... 10 Tergum and sternum with three series of hairs ..Hoplopleura, p. 21 9. Middle and hind legs of equal size, larger than front pair ........ I2 Front and middle legs of equal size smaller than hind ........... Enderleinellus, p. 22 10. First antennal joint with a stout spine ..... Neohaematopinus, p. 22 istiantennalejointawithout SPINe 2). . . decmaeiee iste eee is oie: II ii eNbdominal tergum with chitinized plates 22.)./0. 2.0)... Polyplax, p. 21 Abdominal tergum without chitinized plates ....... [ Linognathoides | 20 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 12. Abdomen with a pair of chitinized plates on second sternite ..... [ Fahrenholzi] Abdomen without such plates’........ Haemodipsus (in part), p. 22 13. Hind legs with stalked disk-shaped appendages on femur and tibia Kuhaematopinus, p. 22 Hind legs without disk-shaped appendages ....... [Haematopinoides] Haematopinus Leach. These are large species mostly occurring on Ungulates. The antennae are five-segmented, the head broad posteriorly and the legs all of nearly equal size. H. eurysternus (Nitzsch). Short nosed ox louse. (PI. i, 6.) Germar’s Magazine, iii, 305, 1818. Of medium size, head short, abdomen broad, a broad black stripe on the hinder middle area of the abdomen in the male. Length 3.5-5mm. Common throughout the country and recorded for Connecticut. Somers, 29 Nov., 1911. (Theop. Legere): Storrs Ce aR SIL). H. sais ‘(Linnacus)= jos louse: =( Plai.77. ) Syst. Nati dn 10/611, 175¢: Large, head long, abdomen broad. Length 6-7 mm. The com- mon hog louse, very common on this animal but not known from other hosts. Undoubtedly common in Connecticut. Storrs, 1921 (G. H. Lamson). H. asini (Linnaeus) macrocephalus Burmeister. Horse louse. Syst. Nat. Edn. 10; 012:-1756. Head elongate, narrowed anteriorly, abdomen broad. Length about 4mm. This is the sucking louse of horse and ass, and while not commonly as abundant as the lice of cattle and hogs, it must certainly occur on horses generally and will no doubt be found in Connecticut. Linognathus Enderlein. Head small without sharp projecting angles, the antennae with five segments and the abdomen without chitinized plates. L. vituli (Linnaeus). Long-nosed ox louse. (PI. i, 4 and 5.) Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, 611, 1758. This is a slender long-headed species about 3 mm. long which occurs on cattle. There are few records for Connecticut but the species is probably fairly common. stomps CG, 1, 1); L. pedalis (Osborn). Bull. 5, N. S., Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., 170, 1896. . Head very short, abdomen broad, fusiform. Length 2.20 mm. This species has been found only rarely but it is pretty certain to be secured from sheep where it affects the hair of the lower part of the legs. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PEDICULIDAE. 21 L. piliferus (Burmeister). Dog louse. Gen. Rhyncota, No. 13, 1838. This louse, though not very commonly collected, is likely to be found by examination of dogs in any locality. Fairfield, 9 May, 1916 (Mrs. J. O. Wright). L. stenopsis (Burmeister ). Gen. Rhyncota, No. 3, 1838. This rather slender species occurs on the goat, and while not recorded for Connecticut, it is pretty certain to be found if sought for on its normal host. Polyplax Enderlein. Eyes lacking, antennae five-jointed, front legs small, pleural plates well developed. Occurs on mice, rats, and other Muridae. P. spinulosa (Burmeister ). Gen. Rhyncota, No. 8, 1839. Elongate, head small, eyes wanting. Occurs on the common rat. Is widely distributed. Connecticut. Hoplopleura Enderlein. Head short, antennae five-jointed, front legs small, three series of hairs. H. acanthopus (Burmeister) var. americanus Kellogg and Ferris. Anoplura and Mallophaga of North American Mammals, 16, I915. This has been separated from the European form on the basis of slight variation in the sternal plate. It has a more or less pronounced rounded projection on the lateral margin which is absent in acanthopus. Occurs on the field mouse Arvicola, and will quite certainly be found on this animal in Connecticut. H. hesperomydis (Osborn). Bulli. O. S., Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., 26, 1801. Differs from acanthopus in smaller sternal plate which is angular and pointed behind. Specimens in the eastern United States have been taken from the white-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus at Ames, Iowa, and will doubtless be found commonly in New England. H. erratica (Osborn). Bull. 5, N. S., Div. Ent, U. S. Dept. Agr., 186, 1806. This species was described from specimens collected by Dr. Burnett and is presumably from the chipmunk as the normal host, although specimens were labeled as from a gull, which must certainly have been due to accidental straggling as stated at time ot description. 22 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Haemodipsus Enderlein. Head short, widened behind, with antennae near the front. H. ventricosus (Denny). Mon. Anopl. Brit., 30, 1842. Short and thick with the abdomen rounded. Occurs on the rabbit, apparently the same species being found on the common wood rabbit Lepus sylvaticus, the domestic hare, and the other species of the genus Lepus. Neohaematopinus Mjoberg. The antennae are five-jointed, very close to the front of the head and the basal segment has a stout spine or has the outer hind angle produced. N. sciuropteri (Osborn). Bulie7..O) Se Dive ant, Us o.cwentanct. 25, cool, This species was described from the flying squirrel and is not known from any other host. N. antennatus (Osborn). Biulle7. 0. S., Dive Ent, Un Ss Wept Agr. 225, 150% This species is easily recognized by the strong backwardly directed spine on the first antennal segment. It occurs on the squirrels of the genus Sciurus, and while not recorded from New England is almost certain to be found on the proper hosts. Enderleinellus Fahrenholz. Antennae five-segmented, fore and middle legs of equal size. KE. suturalis (Osborn). Ball-7,O. S; Div. Ents U2 S2bepe Acr. 27. 1501, This species, recognized by the prominent suture across the head just behind the antennae, occurs on the ground squirrels of the genus Citellus. Euhaematopinus Osborn. Antennae three-segmented,* the hind legs with broad disk like appendage on femur and tibia. E. abnormis (Osborn). Bull, 5, N.S. Div. Ent., U.S Dept Acrerr37, 1300! The three-jointed* antennae and the peculiar processes on the femur and tibia of the hind legs distinguish this species readily. Moreover, it is known only from the mole Scalops aquaticus or its variety argentatus. * Four, one microscopic, according to Ferris. No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PEDICULIDAE. 23 Family ECHINOPHTHIRIDAE. Occurs on marine mammals only and the species that may be considered as possibly coming within the range of this list occurs on the seals. Antarctophthirus Enderlein. Antennae five-segmented, abdomen beset with fine scales. A. trichechi (Boheman). Vetensk. Akad. Forhandl., 12, 577, 1865. Recorded from the walrus and of doubtful occurrence within our territory except on animals under confinement. Echinophthirus Enderlein. Antennae four-segmented, body without scales. EK. phocae (Lucas). ~ Mag. Zool., Ins., 121, 1842. This species has been reported from seals in the New York Aquarium and may occur on straggling seals along the New England coast. Its normal host is the common harbor seal Phoca. Suborder Homoptera. Key to Farvilies. 1. Proboscis attached back of the head apparentiy between the fore CRS 5 6 SG IN Sees ye RG A A 2 Pcoboscis plainly attached’ to the head .......0.. beu.s dau aesue. 5 2. Tarsi two-jointed with two apical claws, wings when present four meniumber,, Species capable, of active movement .1i.4.)20) 52909. 3 Tarsi one-jointed with one apical claw. Males usually with one pair of wings. Females wingless, often without legs and immov- ADIVArHIEXCCRtO;MOStEPlalit S25 <(ole's aio eeared sles eres COCGIDAE)p4346 3. Hind femora not enlarged. Fore wings similar in texture to TGC CUIPRNVALIT ISU cyt Uses ae apy es Sie 5 lhc aice ay 5 sas ile in loge URN ea een 4 Hind femora enlarged for jumping. Fore wings thickened ..... PSYLLIDAE, p. 243 4. Legs short, tarsal joints nearly equal in size. Wings usually opaque, whitish, or marked with spots or bands; pupa stage OROSENE! Se OGeINS See era ALEYRODIDAE, p. 335 Legs long and slender, basal joint of tarsi often short; wings transparent, occasionally more or less colored.. APHIDIDAE, p. 250 and CHERMESIDAE, p. 329 5. Ocelli two, rarely more; front femora not enlarged; species less eveyat Al saat ny shoye Cornton sd (ean eae mai mMMeNMP BIN IC( 8, (o ee ete gee 6 Ocelli three; front femora thickened and usually spined beneath. Comparatively large species over 25 mm. in length. ............ CICADIDAE, p. 238 6. Antennae inserted in front of and between the eyes. Ocelli between the eyes, on the vertex or on the front ............... 7 Antennae inserted below the eyes, ocelli usually in cavities be- neath or between the eyes ..............08. FULGORIDAE, p. 24 24 CONNECTICUT GEOL, AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 7. Pronotum not extending back over the abdomen; not elevated .. 8 Pronotum extending back over the abdomen, usually much elevated | inns. + cs cdao%0.005,5 0 ee eee MEMBRACIDAE, p. 163 8. Tibiae with but few spines, not in two rows ...CERCOPIDAE, p. 206 Tibiae with a double row of spines beneath..CICADELLIDAE, p. 56 Family FULGORIDAE. By Epwarp Payson VAN DUZEE. In its general facies this family is widely distinct from those that precede it. The head is usually large, sometimes produced anteriorly into more or less of a rostrum; the vertex, front and often the clypeus is furnished with three carinae; the pronotum is commonly narrow and often strongly angled, forming a mere collar to the front of the mesonotum, and is usually tricarinate, the lateral carinae frequently curving around behind the eyes. The 1 -- Cephalic horn - Vertex y: ae 4 _ Compound eye Antenna, re ia _7 Discal compartment \ ‘ Lateral : /) compartment le. “ 7% Pronotum >. Mesonotum fF g \ 7 . —--~~Mesonotal carinae race stelele srenera stoteteretaonalepsiat oars opaca More; or less vatiegated with brown or pale es). 3 3. Vertex produced before the eyes for fully the length of the eye; front brown on base, whitish on apical/one-half wt0 02... pallida Vertex produced before the eye for about the width of the eye; front brown irrorate with pale, scarcely darker at base ....variegata * Since this paper was set in type, Z. P. Metcalf has described the follow- ing new species from Connecticut, in Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, Vol. 39: Epiptera brittoni, Liburnia waldem, Megamelus distinctus, Criomorphus conspicuus, Herpis incisa and Cixius apicahs (W. E. B.). 30 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. E. colorata Van Duzee. Proc: Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., lix, 476, 1908: More slender than most of our species; black, vertex and front white, abdomen red; elytra minutely dotted and veined with pale. Described from about Buffalo, N. Y. and reported from near the Hudson River so it will probably be found in western Connecticut. E. opaca (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat..Sci.-Phila.,“v1, 230,-1$20. A large blackish species with a broad clear-cut whitish vitta across the face and pectoral pieces. It has been reported from New Hampshire to South Carolina and should occur in Connecticut. E. pallida (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 240, 1830. Has the same distribution as the preceding and must occur in Connecticut. EK. variegata Van Duzee. Proc, Acad. Nat. Ser Philans l1x,7470; 1908. Found throughout the eastern states and Canada. Rainbow, 30 Sept., 1908 (W. E. B.). Catonia Uhler. Shorter and more slender insects with shorter and more deeply emarginate pronotum than we find in Elidiptera. Key to Species. 1. Face distinctly transversely banded’ ...........2 1). see eee 2 Face without transverse bands: ...5.0.00.%4 0.322: sie eee 6 2. Front black; clypeus white; elytra testaceous, almost immacu- La CO oon ieceie sso sie done 6 Oe eet ee nee dimidiata Front banded with black and white: ........220. 22.2) eee 3. Front whitish on basal one-half, fuscous on apical half; disk of mesonotum with a fuscous cloud ........ BONE c oe 552550050: nava Front blackish with a transverse white median band ............. 4 4. Elytra almost uniformly testaceousia.c-4.--- eee impunctata Elytra varied with whitish-and brown or fuscous .:2... se see eee 5. Discal compartment of mesonotum fuscous with four pale dots; elytra fuscous varied withiwhitishiy.c) eo. oe eee cinctifrons Mesonotum castaneous; elytra varied with ferruginous and pale picta 6. Median compartments of the mesonotum marked with an ocellate spot at apex; elytra whitish testaceous varied with fuscous and marked with white transverse veinlets ..........-....--+-.--. grisea Median compartments of the mesonotum without eye-spots ; elytra : whitish testaceous obscurely varied with white veinlets ..... pumila - C. dimidiata Van Duzee. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxvi, 85, 1910. Easily distinguished from all other described species by having the front entirely black with the clypeus abruptly white. The head No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: FULGORIDAE. 31 and pronotum are more or less fulvous and the elytra uniformly testaceous-brown. It has been reported from New York and Rhode Island. Danbury, 290 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.). C. impunctata (Fitch). iomop. N.Y. St: Cab., 46; 1851. This species and cinctifrons have the front black with a broad white transverse band opposite the antennae and the clypeus white ; here, however, the mesonotum is fulvous and the elytra testaceous- brown with paler nervures. It has been reported from Rhode Island to Iowa. ast River, 5 Aug., ro0o8 (C.:R. E.); Ellington, 25 Sept.;) 1020 Gs) EW). C. cinctifrons (Fitch). MiranseeN. Y.iot. Agr. Soc., xvi,.451, 1856. A much smaller species than the preceding with the mesonotum and elytra varied with fuscous-brown. It occurs from New York to Maryland. New Haven, 22 Aug., 1920, Plainfield, 2 Sept., 1920, East Hartford, 14 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.). C. picta Van Duzee. iPioc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. lix, 481, 1008. A little larger and more ferruginous than cinctifrons with the elytra more obscurely varied. The front is normally white and black-banded like the foregoing but often the black is replaced by castaneous. It has been found from New Jersey to Florida. Guilford, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). C. nava (Say). Hourecad. Nat): Sct. Phila., vi, 238, 1830. This is a larger variegated species with the front more narrowed basally where it is gray and more or less mottled. It has been reported from Ontario to Maryland and Iowa and must occur in Connecticut. C. grisea Van Duzee. roc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., lix, 482, 1008. This is a gray, slightly mottled insect with numerous white vein- lets on the elytra, a pair of small ocellate spots on the mesonotum and a pale, nearly unicolorous front which becomes a little darker at base. It has about the same distribution as nava. Portland, 8 Aug...1013 (B: Hi. W.). C. pumila Van Duzee. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., lix, 483, 1908. A small pale fulvous-brown species having a pallid front and obscurely variegated elytra without white veinlets; the mesonotum also wants the ocellate spots. It has been taken in Ohio and on Long Island and must occur in Connecticut. 32 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Subfamily CIxIINAE. Oblong depressed insects usually with rather broad elytra which are frequently more or less mottled with fuscous and dotted along the veins. The females have a cottony substance either side of the oviduct. Key to Genera. 1. Hind tibiae armed with two or three spines 2.22. es eee 2 Hind tibiae unarmed ..50.i.3. cee ces le bee ee ele ee ee 2. Base of the vertex angulate-emarginate; mesonotum normally five-carinate ~ i. ssecsh ogee eee ee oo ee eee eee Oliarus, p. 32 Base of the vertex broadly arcuate; mesonotum tricarinate ...... sale Cixius, p. 33 3. Vertex very narrow, its sides parallel or slightly divergent anteri- orly; front and clypetus!elongated v. .2..0. 22 tee Oecleus, p. 34 Vertex broader, narrowed anteriorly; front and clypeus together ellipticals :2..'siets.0% eotes Carte Cee see eee Myndus, p. 34 Oliarus Stal. This genus has the vertex quite broad, about as wide as the eyes, with its base angulately emarginate, and the mesonotum in our species furnished with five carinae. It is distributed over nearly all parts of the world and is rich in species. Key to Species. 1. Elytra pellucid or nearly so, sometimes varied with brown ...... 2 Elytra smoky-fuscous, at least at apex”>.....0..... 4.062 eee 3 2. Larger, 6-7mm.; elytra more or less maculated; the veins white, dotted with browntat their-apex 2... 42.02% 05 se eee quinquelineatus Smaller, 4-5 mm.; elytra immaculate, their veins heavy and fuscous on apical: ‘thirds. eee vate ts ace ee ee fransciscanus 3. Smaller, 4-6mm.; elytra clouded on apical third only ........ humilis Larger, 6-7mm.; elytra entirely fuscous, the stigma and costal nervure whitish: agama Solace te eee cinnamomeus O. quinquelineatus (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 241, 1830. This large maculated species is common throughout the eastern states and Canada, and extends its range westward to Colorado, but it does not seem to have been reported from Connecticut, where, however, it must occur. O. fransciscanus (Stal). complectus Ball. Freg. Eugen. Resa., Ins., 273, 1859; Can. Ent., xxxiv, 152, 1902. This small black species with whitish-hyaline elytra is found from Maine to California. Scotland, 27 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 26 June, 23 July, 1910, 9 July, 1911, 11 July, 1920, 18 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). O. humilis (Say). (PI. iv, 2.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 241, 1830. This has much the aspect of the preceding except that it is a little broader and has the apical one-third of the elytra infuscated. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: FULGORIDAE. 33 It occurs in old pastures and meadows from Ontario to Maryland and Ohio. Stratford, 1 July, 1908 (B. H. W.) (W. E. B.); 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). O. cinnamomeus Provancher. Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 223, 1880. Easily recognized by its larger size and uniformly bluish color with a slender pale costa. I have taken it only on bogs where huckleberries grow. Colebrook, 20 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). Cixius Latreille. The insects of this genus have much the aspect of Oliarus but may be distinguished by their having the hind margin of the vertex truncated or but feebly arcuated, not at all angularly emarginate. The mesonotum seems always to be tricarinate. Key to Species. 1. Front and clypeus black with pale carinae, the clypeus obviously as lonevas the front; | vertex nearly as long as broad ..2...7 miscellus Front black with pale carinae, the clypeus nearly always paler and obviously shorter than the front; vertex transverse, consider- ASIP (oprrorevalese.tal ale alg) Kop ei ea ha ya AA oe nn MO (EN 2 2. Elytra tinged with fulvous or testaceous, unspotted except for the fuscous stigma; nervures dotted; outer fork of the first sector and the inner sector forked about in line with the fork MMIC LAVA VC TTIA cc sicleiaiecs ye dhole a leis )cio,'s « dvalera. a se/gcactier ora qualelepemeues pini Elytra whitish-hyaline, more or less maculated; outer branch of the first sector forked much nearer the base than the fork of the TRIS. GACT: Ga Saat ORO Or ee Irn wane ees rat ori oy cil Gia 3. Larger, 7mm.; plates of male transverse, less than one-half the length of the pygofers; base of the elytra usually fuscous in © MSMR MANA rarer os Gr Got eps ie A's. yao. (Gai alo aaa cUlecchala rene teddy basalis Smaller, 6mm.; plates of the male rounded, almost attaining the apex of the pygofers; base of the elytra of the female without. Zi ICIS DE MONG Fe A ae a EP rece DAIS Se OU coloepium C. basalis Van Duzee. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., lix, 489, 1908. This, our largest Cirvius, resembles in size and marking Oliarus quinquelineatus. Inthe female and sometimes in the male the base of the elytra is infuscated to or beyond the apex of the scutellum. In this species the anal tube of the male is produced far beyond the plates and sides of the genital segment. It is distributed through- out the United States and Canada. Portland, 8 Aug., 1913, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (P. G.); East Haven, 21 July, New Haven, 17 July, Hamden, 20 July, 1920, Milford, 13 June, 1921, Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). C. miscellus Van Duzee. stigmatus Uhler. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., i, 352, 1876. 2 34 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. This species may be distinguished from the next by the longer and more nearly square vertex and longer and narrower front and clypeus which are black with pale carinae. Dr. Ball has kindly called my attention to the fact that my Cixtus lepidus is the true stigmatus of Say, which is distributed from the Mississippi Valley west to the Rocky Mountains. I have therefore in my Check List renamed this species which has been sufficiently characterized by me in the Canadian Entomologist, Vol. XXXvVili, page 408, 1906, and Proceedings Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, Vol. lix, pages 488 and 490, 1907. So far as I now know its range is confined to the northern states and Canada. Stonington, 7 July, ors (I. W. D.);.-Middlebury, 20 June, 1016; Hamden, 12 June, to19 (M.-P. Z.).. C. coloepium Fitch. Trans. N.Y. Agr. Soc, xvivA52 1356. Differs from miscellus in having the vertex short and distinctly transverse, and the front and clypeus proportionately shorter and broader. Here, however, the elytra are whitish-hyaline and more or less maculated. This species occurs from Ontario and New York west to Colorado. Scotland, 27 July, 1904, Hamden, 20 June, 1920, New Haven, 17 June, NOZOMI sbl: WV)e C. pini Fitch. Homop. Ne Yo St. *Gab..45,.1S51- Size and form of coloepium but readily distinguished by the elytra having a faint fulvous tinge and wanting the spots usually present in the allied species. ‘This form lives on huckleberry bushes in the northern states and Canada. Goshen, 4 July, 19190 (M. P. Z.); Cornwall, 18 July, 190217 (BY Ee Woe Oecleus Stal. Stal established this genus for a group of the smaller Ciriuds having a more slender form and a linear deeply sulcate vertex which is nearly or quite closed posteriorly. One species occurs in Connecticut. O. borealis Van Duzee. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., x, 495, 1912. Black or nearly so with the carinae pale and the mesonotum lineate with fulvous and furnished with five carinae; elytra hyaline, the nervures fulvous and minutely dotted with fuscous. New Haven, 18 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); 5 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). Myndus Stal. Differs from Oecleus in having the vertex as broad as or broader than the eyes and distinctly wider at base. Here the mesonotum is tricarinate. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: FULGORIDAE. Chis Key to Species. 1. Uniformly fulvous-yellow with the elytra whitish-hyaline ...... fulvus Eront banded: with black; various dark markings sess oc0 es. 2 Zo elytra with a longitudinal fuscous vitta at apex) ./.....-.. pictifrons elytra watnout: a) GUSCOUS Vittay (o's. u/acc/erelelereicle bere elise eis sordidipennis M. pictifrons Stal. Berl. Ent. Zeit., vi, 307, 1862. Front broad marked with a conspicuous black band at base and another at apex; color a dull fulvo-testaceous, the outer angles of the mesonotum marked with a fuscous vitta; elytra hyaline, the ' nervures heavy and distinctly dotted; a sinuous fuscous vitta from the base of the inner anteapical areole to the inner apical angle omthe elytra. Length 5mm. This species has been reported from New York to the District of Columbia and must occur in Connecticut. M. sordidipennis Stal. Berl, Ent. Zeit., vi, 308, 1862. Differs from the preceding in being more strongly tinged with fulvous, in having a wider vertex, and in having no apical fuscous vitta on the elytra and the nervures more slender. It lives throughout the eastern United States and Canada. New Haven, 4-9 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). M. fulvus Osborn. Ohio Nat., iv, 46, 1903. A small pale fulvous species with immaculate front and whitish hyaline wings. It is known to inhabit from Massachusetts to Ohio. | Rowayton, 9 Aug., 1908 (C. W. J.); New Haven, 23 July, 1910, 9 July, font 11 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). Subfamily IssINAE. Thick-set insects usually with broad heads, more or less trun- cated before but occasionally produced a little. The elytra when fully developed are often convex and more or less gibbous near their base. Key to Tribes. Head rostrate-produced, or having the clypeus strongly inflexed and shouldered, thus forming nearly a right angle with the line of MVC MIVOME ener ee Ua sce RS eM cals a! ech evala siaild ewe ca itaue eM ea Caliscelim -Head not rostrate-produced, the clypeus on nearly the same plane as HAN CMMETS OMEN pee t eis idle. casevel slo. ewer a: 6/5 co) oa eke ete Re RA Te Peat V4 Issimi Tribe CALISCELINI. In this tribe the elytra are usually short, rarely surpassing the middle of the abdomen; long-winged individuals may, however, be found in any of the species. : 30 _ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. Key to Genera. 1. Front vertical or inferior, not visible from above, the head not atallLipeoduced: geassen tees Pion ae as oasto. Aphelonema, p. 37 Front more or less superior, visible from above, the head more or less rostrate-produced ....2n% ¢csteeigse 40s 2c ee 2 2. Anterior tibiae moderately foliaceous along its whole upper edge; apex of the produced head forming a nearly spherical polished knob? 425. ch sic d aces Soc keee teers ee. eee Fitchiella, p. 36 Anterior tibiae simple; apex of the produced head sometimes knob-like, in that case with a sharp median carina; macrop- terous elytra with a series of heavy transverse veins before the apical areoles: sice.sccteraio see ee eee Bruchomorpha, p. 36 Fitchiella Van Duzee. Naso Fitch. F. robertsoni (Fitch). Trans. N. Y. St. Agr: Soc., xvi, 306, 1856. Testaceous, veined and dotted with black; the cite like apex of the head, two vittae on either side of the apex of the front, another pair on the vertex and one on the mesonotum, black; beneath and legs black, varied with pale. Length 2-3mm. New York to Florida and must be taken in Connecticut. Bruchomorpha Newman. Key to Species. 1. Head produced in a rounded, compressed and carinate, knob-like FOSCOUM. cc nos . cisse ois c. whe Sie 040 0) s Wie 06) sie ole aslo eee oleh ele ener 2 Head rounded at apex, not produced in a rostrum; color black, more or less metallic, the coxae only pale, the median carina of the front scarcely paler... 32sec. Sener 5 5. Ocelli absent; second antennal joint narrow, subterete, a little wider apically; rostrum short, reaching the base of the hind COR AE ca bie ees PRE Oe ca ok Anotia, p. 42 Ocelli present; second antennal joint broad, linear, with a sub- apical notch for the seta; rostrum long, reaching the middle of tHE Vente Nese ae Re ae e a re tevion esi serene Amalopota, p. 41 Lamenia Stal. Shorter winged forms recalling Ormenis in miniature, and often pruinose as in that genus. Their broader and subglobose front will serve to distinguish them from our other Derbidae. I cannot agree with Mr. Muir in restricting Lamenia to oriental forms and placing our species in genus Herpis Stal. Key to Species. 1. Color soiled white, maculated all over with fuscous and with a fuscous median line on the head, pro- and mesonotum ....maculata Insects nearly uniform in color, without maculations ............ 2 2. Color testaceous, becoming more or less fulvous on the head, pro- and ‘mesonotiim | csc POE Se base oro oes e's ahaha icles Ce 3o eee edentula Color slaty-black, almost immaculate, white pruinose when fresh 3 3. Larger, 4-4.5mm.; inner margin of the male plates entire or Nearly SO seve Kas bade Messe ee oon alee cee ieee vulgaris Smaller, 3-3.5mm.; inner margin of the male plates distinctly notched near their base Ww: eee al ess cae Re eee obscura L. vulgaris (Fitch). Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 47, 1851. A small blackish-fuscous insect, usually covered with a white bloom. Found throughout the eastern United States and Canada, usually on oaks. East Wallingford, 6 July, 1904, Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.); Branford; 28 July, 1915 (H: LV); L. obscura Ball. Can. Ent., xxxiv, 262, 1902. A smaller species than vulgaris but otherwise very similar. It has the same distribution but does not seem to inhabit the oak. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: FULGORIDAE. 41 New Haven, 26 June, 1910, 4 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); East River, 4 Aug., 1910 (C. R. E.); North Branford, 23 June, 1912 (B. H. W.). L. edentula Van Duzee. Bull But. Soc, Nat. Sci., x, 503, 1912. A pale fulvous or testaceous species found from New Jersey southward and might occur in southern Connecticut. L. maculata Van Duzee. Bull) Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., x, 503, 1912. About the size of vulgaris but very distinct in its white and fuscous markings. It has been found in southern Ontario and New Jersey and probably will be taken in Connecticut. Cenchrea Westwood. Closely allied to Lamenia but sufficiently distinct in its well dif- ferentiated vertex, narrower front, and generally more elongated form. One species may reach Connecticut. C. uhleri Ball. Can. Ent., xxxiv, 261, 1902. A pale fulvous insect, 5 mm. to tip of the elytra, marked with commissural and subcostal vittae on the slightly smoky elytra. Ii has been reported from New Jersey southward and westward to Kansas. Cyclokara Muir. But one species has been found in our territory. C. vanduzei (Ball). Can. Ent., xxxiv, 260, 1902. 5 This insect has much the aspect of a small Otiocerus degeers, but generically it is sufficiently distinct by its shorter head and broad simple antennae. It has been taken in New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio and will probably be found in Connecticut. Amalopota Van Duzee. Very near to Anotia but may be separated by the characters given in the table. Key to Species. Elytra whitish-hyaline, marked with a fuscous band at base and another near the apex, the latter veined with sanguinous toward HT CMCOSEA WI: elses ciate ae ria cial’ acg 09) ca Se Ressoboboolsnosgvaase uhleri Elytra creamy-white, marked with.a longitudinal fuscous vitta along the clavus to the stigma where it is branched, one fork reaching the apex near the costa and the other near the internal angle ..fitchi A. uhleri Van Duzee. Can. Ent., xxi, 178, 1880. This very pretty little species is found about open woodlands in the northern states and lower Canada and doubtless will be taken in Connecticut. 42 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. A. fitchi Van Duzee. Can. Ent., xxv, 280, 1893. This species has much the aspect of Anotia bonnetii but with a shorter head and broader antennae. It is intermediate in its characters between Amalopota and Anotia. It has the same dis- tribution as uhleri and should be found in Connecticut. Anotia Fitch. As stated by Dr. Fitch the insects of this genus are found in swampy places on willows. Key to Species. 1. Size larger (10mm.); humeral dilations forming erect tongue-like processes about as long as the width of the elytra at that point; color whitish with a transverse fuscous band on the basal third of the elytra. acc cst sis Bais ola 05s occticn'e gcwsele gialelet neater een aa sayi Smaller (about 6mm.) ; humeral dilation narrow, at most ellipti- Cal eon cad vos Sites Pelee bo ole = - eeeeee 5. Apex of the clavus with a short fuscous line; pronotum white posteriorly o.cc6 ec 2 0 cee eRe tinie ee ice ete eee puella Apex of the clavus without a fuscousplines.-~ .- .- eee 6 No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: FULGORIDAE. 53 6. Color mostly dark brown or black, the base of the tergum with a fulvous vitta; frontal carinae slenderly pale .............. basivitta Pale colors more extended; vertex, pronotum and _ scutellum whitish, the former with two black points; basal fulvous band of the tergum carrying a median black spot and behind the band a pale dorsal line; frontal carinae conspicuously white ..... foveata 7. Color of the scutellum fulvous or with the basal angles black in the/male;\\tergum without’a dorsal:pale vitta 220s 06 osborni Color, including scutellum, soiled or testaceous-yellow; dorsal HMeN Otte ECTS UMM PAle ceversle’s . Manchester, 30 Aug., 1912 (H. B:)K.); »Portland)25 une 1922 (M. P.-Z.). I. lachrymalis Fitch. (Fig. 5, 6.) Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 58, 1851. Large, particularly female specimens, varying from yellow to brown or slate color. A transverse band on vertex between eyes, and a spot next either eye dark. Basal angles of scutellum and a median stripe forming a spot on disc, brown. Nervures of elytra dark brown. Length, male 5.5 mm., female 7 mm. A common species in New England and the Northern States, feeding upon cottonwood and other poplars. Portland, 25 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 19 June, 1021 (B. H. W.). On poplar. 64 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Fic. 5. (1a) Draeculacephala mollipes Say,—head, dorsal view; (1b) same, lateral view. (2a) Gypona pectoralis Spangberg,—head, dorsal view; (2b) same, lateral view. (3) Agallia quadripunctata Provancher,—dorsal view. (4a) Macropsis viridis Fitch,—head, dorsal view; (4b) same, face; (4c) same, head, lateral view. (5a) Oncopsis variabilis Fitch,—head, dorsal view; (5b) same, lateral view. (6a) Idiocerus lachrymalis Fitch,— head, dorsal view; (6b) same, face; (6c) same, head, lateral view. (7a) Platymetopius cuprescens Osborn,—head, dorsal view; (7b) same, lateral view. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by D. M. and F. M. DeLong. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 65 I. nervatus Van Duzee. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., v, 194, 205, 1804. One of the smallest of the group, pale in color, green or often yellow, without definite dark markings on vertex. Elytra hyaline with dark wing nervures showing through. Length-4.5-4.75 mm. Common in swampy land on willow shrubs, being limited in its distribution by the species of willows upon which it feeds. Portland, 24 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). On poplar. I. pallidus Fitch. Bythoscopus obsoletus Walker. lomop N.Y.) St: Cab:, 50, 1851. Larger than nervatus but similar in color, pale green, yellowish, or often white, unmarked. The nervures of the wings usually not distinct through elytra. Length 6 to 6.5 mm. Abundant on willows and poplars. The adults can be found feeding on shrubs in May, June and July. It is a species dis- tributed through the New England States, and should occur in good numbers. New Ganaan. 3. Sept.,, 1920 (B:.H. W.); Stratford, 1 Sept; 1020 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 22 Aug., 1920, 19 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); Ham- den, 18 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Norwalk, 8 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). I. provancheri Van Duzee. Bythoscopus clitellarius Provancher. Can.) Ent., xxii, 111, 1800; Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 288, 1890. Very strikingly and conspicuously colored. Shining reddish brown with a bright yellow area on basal portion of clavus along claval vein. Two large round black spots on vertex, elytra reddish brown more hyaline on posterior half, smoky at tips. Length 5-5-5 mm. Common on hawthorn and other species of Crataegus. It has also been taken from oak and hickory. Occurs throughout the New England States, and is reported from Connecticut. New Haven, 17, 27, 31, 22 Aug., 1920, 25 June, 18 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.). On chokeberry, Pyrus arbutifolia. I. scurra (Germar). Jassus scurra Germar. Jassus crenatus Germar. Idiocerus germari Fieber. Idiocerus gemmist- mulon Leonard and Crosby. Fauna Ins, Eur., xvii, 11, 1834. 3 Rather large and robust, dull brown shading to yellow, usually with a well defined band on vertex between the eyes. Elytra with veins often alternating pale and dark. Claval veins usually pale along suture. Rather irregular dark markings on pronotum and scutellum. Length 6-7 mm. An European form apparently introduced into this country, and now with rather wide distribution. It feeds on species of Populus, and has been taken as adult in April, May, September and October, thus it would appear to be two-brooded. 3 66 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. New Haven, 1 Oct., 1909, 4, 5 Aug., 1920; New Canaan, 3 Sept., 1920, 21 Oct., 1909; Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920; Norwalk, 8 Sept., 1920; Strat- ford, 1 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 20 May, 1920 (M. P. Z.). I. snowi Gillette and Baker. ' _Hemip. Col., 79, 1895. Another pale green species with two small spots on vertex and elytral suture narrowly black or brown. FElytra greenish hyaline, nervures margined with sparse pubescence. Length 5.5-7.5 mm. Reported from New York, and perhaps occurs in Connecticut as an adult during July and August. I. suturalis Fitch. Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 59, 1851. Pale yellowish, characteristically marked by a broad dark stripe along the elytral suture, tips smoky. Scutellum with basal angles dark. Vertex and pronotum unmarked. Length 5-5.75 mm. Occurs on poplars and willows and perhaps occasionally is found on birch, as it has been taken from that plant although not definitely known to be feeding upon it. Hamden, 11 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). I. suturalis var. lunaris Ball. Can, Ent, xxxive 31h, 1002: Similar to preceding with sutural stripe interrupted by a lunate mark on middle of clavus. Tips of elytra smoky, appendices over- lapping and appearing as a third elongated dark spot on elytra. Often found in company with suturalis on willows and poplars. A common variety in the eastern states. New Haven, 19 June, Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). I. verticis (Say). Jassus verticis Say. Jour. Acad.- Nat: Sci.>Phila.va, 308; -1631. Resembling alternatus, but smaller and lighter in color. Pale brownish often faded, vertex with two black spots. Basal angles of scutellum black. Elytra subhyaline, nervures alternately brown and white. Length 4.25-4.5 mm. It is doubtful whether this species occurs in the state, but may be found in small numbers during July, August and September. Macropsis Lewis. Pediopsis Burmeister. Vertex obtusely angularly produced, almost parallel margined, very short and broad. Pronotum broad, produced anteriorly beyond the anterior margin of the eyes (at least in American . species), dorsally roughened by oblique striations extending from the median anterior margin to the humeral angles. The members of this group, as in the preceding, are tree and shrub inhabiting and are apparently limited in their feeding habits << —- ~- +s... No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 67 to a few species of trees. A great many occur on willows and poplars, a few on wild plum and honey locust. So far as known they are. single-brooded, the adults being found in June and early July. 3 Key to Species. 1. General color above greenish or yellowish to orange, often with GIES Sate Wel sab aTeEC Ny Coes le ey RS MLA) ALIA ary Sl SB Ly aa 2 General color above brownish or fuscous, sometimes marked with PC MMPOL YC L LO Waser caletallsis: Sha save 45° Gia lava’ ate ade nts Rae ne aeenvet Last Betas 9 2. Elytra greenish hyaline, or rather uniform brownish in the male 3 Elytra with dark markings maculate or in the form of bands .... 5 Aeebipior vertex without black markings ....30 5000002. ae 4 A black spot at the pointed tip of vertex, propleurae unmarked virescens var. graminea 4. Male bright green with a black spot on propleura, length 5-6 mm. viridis Male without spot on propleura, elytra tinged with fuscous, less HUAI UIA TTL AEN TI OLE p ics en eteseicce ors: Sade eave rereiare cag cde aed eeene gleditschiae Reeivera without distinct transverse hyaline bands .....00./50.. 25, 6 Elytra with transverse hyaline bands crossing clavus ............ 6. Entire clavus and margin of suture to apex of corium black suturalis Definite brown band across base of clavus and scutellar region basalis 7 eivtra with two transverse. hyaline bands ......4..3...000 00 Nee ee Elytra reddish brown with a single hyaline band across nervures AAS CHO le ATIbCAPICAl) North Branford;.1 Aug., 19022 (B) HeaW)): North Haven, 6 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.); Waterbury, 15 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Wilton, 19 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.). D. inscripta Van Duzee. Ent. News, xxvi, 178, 180, 1915. Dull green, vertex heavily lined with broad black lines, pronotum a fourth longer than vertex with heavy vermiculate black markings on anterior third. Scutellum with two round black spots and a transverse black dash on disc. Female segment produced, slightly notched at apex. Length 7mm. Found on Muhlenbergia sp. in swamps and occurs in great numbers as adults during August and September. Has now been found in Tennessee, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York in addition to Georgia, its type locality. D. minor (Walker). Tettigonia minor Walker. Diedrocephala producta Van Duzee. List. Homop., iti, 772, 1851. Shorter than mollipes, vertex more obtuse, as long as pronotum, with fine black lines. Male black beneath. Length6mm. Resembles mollipes very closely, and is often confused with it, being found in similar habitats. 80 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. New Haven, 22 Sept., 1918 (F. H. L.); 3 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Wil- ton, 19 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 25 Sept, 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 4 Sept, 1921 (B. H. W.); East Haven, 29 July, 1921 (B. Ewe): D. noveboracensis (Fitch). Aulacizes noveboracensis Fitch. Tettigomia prasina Walker. Homop: N. Y: St. Cab., 56,1651. Vertex shorter than basal width, obtuse, a very heavy black spot either side of apex, and somewhat smaller one on margin just before either eye; lines and other markings rather faint. Length 8 mm. Common in New England in marshy meadows. Salisbury, 30 Aug., 1904 (W. E. B.); Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.); Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Hamden, 17 July, 1920; New Haven, 17, ie 27 July, 1920; North Branford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Corn- wall, 18 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 6 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.); Thompson, 19 July, 1021 (Baia W-)? Evacanthus LePeletier and Serville. Eucanthus Burmeister. Vertex very blunt, with a central longitudinal keel, and a branch of this each side from apex to eye. Ocelli just above this keel, close margin and distant from eyes. Front inflated, longitudinally carinate. Elytra short, pubescent above. HK. acuminatus (Fabricius). Cicada acuminatus Fabricius. Cicada interstincta Fallen; Amblycephalus germari Curtis; Amblycephalus orbitalis Fitch. Ent. Syst., iv, 36, 1704. A robust species with very blunt head and rather short elytra, not covering abdomen in female. Vertex with median carina and one from apex to either eye. Pronotum short, pubescent. Elytra blackish or dark brown with white stripes. Sparse pubescence along nervures. Length 5.5-6.5 mm. Occurs sparingly in woodland on low plants. Often found resting on old logs in thick woods. Subfamily GyPONINAE. Scarides Amyot and Serville. To this subfamily belong those forms with the ocelli on the disc of vertex and in which the body is decidely dorso-ventrally flat- tened. Usually broad and flat. Key to Genera. 1. Head more or less flattened but not thin or foliaceous, margin of vertex very narrowly sharp, elytra not perpendicular at tips. (BIg... '5) 2.) sec end od ccs ae ee REL Rie ea er 2 Head flat, foliaceous, margin broadly thin and sharp, elytra angu- larly pointed, perpendicular at tips :.....-...-.-. Xerophloea, p. 84 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 81 2. Very short and broad (almost as broad as long), clavus broadly Gig CAL Gael tava PEK bey oh 5.5 45's a lela creates lee ee Penthimia, p. 81 Broad clongate; clavus not truncate at apex i.) ..5-2-- Gypona, p. 81 Penthimia Germar. Vertex very short and broad, including eyes, narrower than pronotum. Elytra broad, very short, exceeding abdomen in length, appendix broad. Only one species is known in the United States. P. americana Fitch. Penthimia vicaria Walker. Penthimia picta Provancher. Fromop: N: Y..St.Cab., 57, 1851. Resembling a “Cercopid” of the genus Clastopera. Black to reddish brown, vertex broadly rounded, transversely striate; pro- notum transversely striate. Elytra short, very broad, rather narrowly rounded at apex. Appendix broad. Length 5-6 mm. Occurs on oak, hickory and other shrubs during early summer. New Haven, 27 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); 21 May, 1910 (A. B. C.); I1 June, 1914 (B. H. W.); 9 June, 1914 (Q. S. L.); Westville, 19 June, 1904 (W. E. B.).; Scotland, 27 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Portland, 5 June, 1914 (M. P. Z.) ; Stonington, May, 1914 (I. W. D; Ansonia, 26 May, 1918 Gia BZ;))-- Branford, 8, 13 June, 1918 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 18. June, 1919 (M. P. Z.); Middlebury, 20 June, 1916 (M. P. Z.); Milford, 22 June, 1017, (M. P. Z.). Gypona Germar. Usually large, body broad and oval. Head broad, rather short, flattened, usually well rounded anteriorly and often margin with a thin edge. Elytra broad, moderately long. Members of this group commonly feed on grasses, and often are taken from shrubs on which they feed. The genus has recently been revised by Dr. Ball and although the subgenus names are not used, the synonymy and arrangement has been followed in this treatment. Key to Spectes. 1. Vertex acutely angled with front, margin rather thin and foliaceous Vertex rounding to front, or with margin thick and not foliaceous 2. Elytra usually reticulate, some shade of green with few markings Elytra not reticulate usually brownish or with black markings ... 3. Elytra rather smooth, female segment concavely rounding ........ Elytra strongly rugose, female segment rectangularly emarginate rugosa 4. Clavus of elytra usually reticulate, and more or less scarlet colora- tion upon reticulations. Vertex and pronotum with scarlet Susie | Ske Ae Be ae ee PI CIOS co) 4 cic cio'd-a'q octolineata Clavus of elytra usually not reticulate, no scarlet color on elytra, vertex and pronotum with six orange or yellow stripes ...var. striata s. Form broad and rather short, above black shining, or greenish with a black spot on pronotum behind either eye ............... melanota More elongate, vertex very long, cinereous in color, female segment PDAGUTULI LCs ees oe bc clk eid Gow. bod ona. bic lols Se Da tee Rtevel'stapesuee cinerea &inQ® Ab 82 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 6. Vertex, pronotum and elytra usually with bright red irrorations, general color brownish 2.32 o2.. sascsee oon ieee ee scarlatina Ww ithout red markings, elytra yellowish or greenish marked with smoky bands and two round black spots on disc of each ........ var. pectoralis G. octolineata (Say). Tettigonia octolineata Say. Jour, Acad. Nat. Sct: Phila: "iv,(340, 1824: Large, oval, green, vertex and pronotum usually with six to eight longitudinal stripes varying from pale yellow to deep red, often broadened to make these appear almost uniform reddish. Vertex broadly rounded, varying somewhat in length. Elytra greenish with a variable venation, many or few cross veins, and variable in color from greenish or pale ae to deep red. Length 8-10 mm. This species has been cited under numerous names, but all of these no doubt belong under octolineata. Although the structural characters vary greatly, in a long series, no sharp lines of limita- tion can be given to so-called species under names given below. It occurs on coarse grasses in meadows, pastures, swamps and practically all moist grassy areas. A very common species which causes great drain to the various grass crops by its constant feeding throughout the summer. It is also found feeding on shrubs and trees, and the egg punctures are frequently found on apple and other twigs. Two rather distinct broods have been noted, an early and late summer brood. From records it seems to be well distributed in the state. New Haven, 20 July, 1897 (W. C. Sturgis) ; 18 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); ai July, 7 Sept., 1910, 28 June, rorr (W-: E. B.); 12 Aug., 1912) Sat lights 27 Aug., 1912 (H. B. K.); Branford, 21 July, 1905 (H. W. W.); West- ville, 9 Sept., nA (W. E. B.); Wallingford, 3 Aug., 1910 (DD) J ear Cae July, 8 , 9, 15 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); East River, 6 Aus 19x09 G. octolineata var. octolineata Say. This variety 1s usually distinguished by heavier reticulation of the elytra. Also with scarlet stripes on vertex and pronotum and reticulations of elytra often washed with scarlet. New Haven, .6 Oct., 1902, 22 Sept., 3 Oct., 1920 (B. H: W.); South Glastonbury, 12 Oct, 1005. (B. Hi. W:); Ellington, 25 “Sepia zeza (BS: FLW.) G. octolineata var. striata Burmeister. G. cana Burmeister. G. flavilineata Fitch. G. quebecensis Provancher. G. scrupu- losus Spangberg. G. olivacea Spangberg. G. geminata Osborn. A rather bright greenish yellow form with six yellowish stripes on vertex and pronotum. The venation is somewhat variable but usually the reticulations are confined to the apical part of the wings. Female segment rounded. Length Io mm. New Haven, 14 July, 1909 (B. H. W.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 83 G. rugosa Spangberg. G. ramosa Kirkaldy. G. delicata Fowler. Spec. Gyponae, 6, 1878. Large green species with vertex, pronotum and elytra rugose, venation very conspicuous. Some specimens have black spots on pronotum. Iemale segment deeply rectangularly notched. Length IO-II mm. Superficially it resembles octolineata but is coriaceous on upper surface and is known to feed on burr and white oak. Hartford, 27 July, 1914 (W. A. Muirhead). G. melanota Spangberg. G. bipunctulata Woodworth. G. nigra Woodworth. G. bimaculata Gibson. G. unicolor Gibson. Spec. Gyponae, 19, 1878. Broad and short. Color of sexes differing. Female pale green, often with a pair of round black spots on pronotum back of the eyes, and a second pair on the hinges. Male varying from green to black. Vertex, pronotum and scutellum usually shining black, elytra smoky, the black markings of abdomen showing through. Female segment nearly truncate, male plates broad and short. Length 8 mm. According to Ball there are five color varieties of the male which have been described as distinct species. The species is grass- feeding and found in meadow, pasture and prairie situations. Newmraven; © Aug; 1900°(P. L. B.) ;- 14, Aug., 1906 (W.E. 'B)).5, 3 aly z2enue. 1920,\(B: H. W.); “Hamden, 20 Aug.;, 1922))( By) EW.) North Haven, 6 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.) ; Guilford, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.) Cornwall, 17 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). G. cinerea Uhler. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., iii, 460, 1877. Gray to brown, vertex produced but not acutely angled. Entire dorsal surface often finely and rather sparsely irrorate with brown. In pale specimens nervures of elytra margined with irrorations. Elytra grayish opaque. Length 9 mm. Although Dr. Ball states that probably all eastern references should be miliaris, after examining Connecticut material and com- paring it with Iowa and Dakota material it seems advisable to place it under this name. Also since negotiosa Gibson is placed as a synonym of miliaris and the specimens at hand do not agree with Gibson’s paratypes. This is apparently a grass-feeding species. Recorded from Connecticut (Van Duzee Catalogue), also specimens examined from Hamden, 5 July, 1920 (P. G.). G. scarlatina Fitch var. scarlatina Fitch. G. modesta Spangberg. Hiomop. N: Y: St. Cabs 57, 1851. Pale yellow to brown with vertex, pronotum and elytra usually flecked with red. Elytra frequently with reddish nervures and sparsely spotted, a number of irregular darker spots on disc. Length 9-10 mm. This species has been taken from undergrowth in wooded areas. I ° bd , 84 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. G. scariatina var. pectoralis Spangberg. G. hullensis Provancher. G. bimaculata Woodworth. G. woodwortht Van Duzee. (Hig 5, 2./a, D2) Spec. Gyponae, 46, 1878. Dull greenish shading to brown. An indefinite smoky band arising on posterior margin of pronotum and extending to apex of elytra, costal margins yellowish. Usually four black spots, often very small on elytra. Vertex and pronotum pale, often a pair of pale spots behind eyes on vertex. Length 8-9 mm. Common in the eastern part of United States on trees and shrubs. According to Ball it occurs on water sprouts and lower limbs of Basswood. New Haven, 18 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); 8 Aug., 19020 (CB. Ha Wee North Branford, 16 June, 1922 (B. H. W.). Xerophloea Germar. Mesodicus Fieber. Parapholis Uhler. Wedge-shaped in appearance. Vertex broad, flat, anterior margin thin. Elytra long, angularly pointed and perpendicular at tips. Dorsal surface coarsely and rather densely pitted. These species live in dry habitats and are more abundant in arid regions. They are common on the prairie grasses of the west, and are found in dry, restricted areas in the south and eastern United States. Key to Species. 1. Vertex with margin broadly rounded, length less than 7mm. ..viridis Vertex with margin more angulate, size large, more than 7 mm. major X. viridis (Fabricius). Cercopis viridis Fabricius. X. grisea Germar. X. virescens Stal. Parapholis peltata Uhler. Ent. Syst., iv, 50, 1704. Vertex broadly rounded and flattened, often with shallow longi- tudinal depressions. Greenish to dirty yellow, often a median stripe on vertex and posterior portion of pronotum dark brown. Vertex, pronotum and scutellum deeply and heavily pitted. Elytra perpendicular at apices, clavus and costal areas pies otherwise hyaline, nervures distinct. Length 6-7 mm. Often found in dry upland grassy areas, and occurs on Aristida ae society. A widely distributed form. XX. major Baker. Psyche, viii, 285, 1808. General appearance of viridis, but larger with vertex more angu- late and more strongly produced. Dorsal surface pitted as in preceding. Bright green to dull yellow often marked with brown. Elytra hyaline on central and apical portion. Length 7-8 mm. Found in same habitat as preceding. New Haven, 5 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 85 Subfamily JASSINAE. Jassides. The great number of leafhoppers with the ocelli located on the margin of the vertex where such is definite or on that portion of the head between the vertex and front when there is no perceptible limit to either, are included in this family. Key to Tribes. 1. Elytral nervures branching on the disc, ocelli on or near margin Ont NUS tiled Cel ezuar oe OS) ee aPC PRR DN CNG ub Aaya i Al) 2 Elytral nervures not branching on the disc, branched at base, ocellmotten wanting, (Bis. 8, 8.) 2. bic. hoek Typhlocybini, p. 147 2. Ocelli on vertex near margin, or between vertex and front, and remote trom the eyes. (Pig: 8, 3.) ....s..6. 58 Acucephalini, p. 85 Ocelli on margin between vertex and front, usually very close to CVCSMMET CENSOR) ces oe tic: ae Gud aici winies dials’ «ara Mitre eRe Jassini, p. 80 Tribe ACUCEPHALINI. Vertex and face distinctly separated, generally by a well-defined margin, the ocelli on or adjoining margin, or margin being absent, on rounded portion between front and vertex. Appendix very narrow or wanting. Key to Genera. 1. Vertex rather flat with acute edge forming definite limitations of Menem Ge TrOME CIMIO. GO) AS)! co. sie sce 41s wei ere ce oeiee io, merare NCP 2 Vertex sloping and rounding to front, without definite margin. MOE AS Sete eter el dec cg alae: Lvonovecs, @ Sc0'lo-¥ shee Vore-o Seer eae UAT REAR DEN ete 3 2. Vertex transversely striate in front, elytra narrowly rounded at ADORE Nae aleiAe erelewd 1d oil Qa ad as bogie Stroggylocephalus, p. 85 Vertex not transversely striate in front, more broadly rounded at BOOS 0 LETIER 0) 277) Nay ee a Acucephalus, p. 86 3. Pronotum gently rounded, not produced to anterior margin of eyes, vertex moderately long, well rounded. (Fig. 8, 3a, b.) .. Xestocephalus, p. 87 Pronotum strongly rounded, produced almost half its length beyond anterior margin of eyes. Head very short, acutely COM CA MOLISE Oped) eles cis, tsa: son aie, ebayer siae, op anapelen teen Nionia, p. 80 Stroggylocephalus Flor. Vertex produced, obtusely angled, transversely striate in front. Margin thin, foliaceous, ocelli close to front margin. Elytra cori- aceous, narrowly rounded at apex, appendix wanting. '§. agrestis (Fallen). Cicada agrestis Fallen. Tettigonia mixta Say. Acta Holm, xxvii, 23, 1806. Grayish yellow to brown, frons black finely irrorate with pale brown. Vertex striate in front, smooth at base. Pronotum trans- versely striate, brownish. Elytra with inner margins, bars and 86 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. spots along nervures, and costa with twelve or more spots, brown or black. Female paler with few markings. Last ventral segment concave, notched at middle. Length 6-7 mm. Occurs in moist grassy areas. New Haven, 13 May, 1911, 25 March, 1921 (B. H. W.). Acucephalus Germar. Aphrodes Curtis. Pholetaera Zetterstedt. Anoscopus Kirschbaum. Vertex obtusely angular, produced, in female generally tricari- nate. Ocelli on front margin a little nearer the eyes than the apex. Key to Species. 1. Larger, 6.5mm. in length, vertex thin at edge, disc rather con- cave, pronotum exceeding vertex in length ............... nervosus 2. Smaller, not exceeding 6mm. in length, vertex with edge thickened, disc scarcely depressed, vertex as long as pronotum albifrons A. nervosus (Schrank). Cicada nervosus Schrank. Cercopis rustica Fabricius. Cercopis striata Fabricius. (Fig. 8, 4.) Enum, Ins. Aust., 252, 1781. A rather broad flat-headed species varying in color from greenish to brown. A yellow transverse band is conspicuous on pronotum of male. Females usually light, speckled with brown. Length 5-6 mm. Common on grasses in New England, and often collected with the Cercopidae which it resembles in general appearance. New Haven, 11 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). A. albifrons (Linnaeus). Cicada albifrons Linnaeus. cies 3 rere eee 5. Vertex not quite twice as long as width between the eyes, general color CINeTeOtS, 2.6 6 aie le re eee tenes Ble 3 ae eee acutus Vertex more pointed, about two and one-half times as long as width between the eyes, color bright cuprescent ......... cuprescens 6. Length 3-4mm.; light in color with greenish tint, valve of male almost rounded’ at’apex see eee cc srelen aye eer angustatus Length 4.5-5 mm., darker, fulvous, valve of male distinctly angled fulvus P. hyalinus Osborn. Ent. News, xi, 501, 1900. Whitish or yellowish hyaline, elytra crossed by three narrow, transverse brown bands, one each across middle and apex of clavus, and another just before apical cells. Vertex well angled a half longer than width between eyes, rather uniform yellowish. Length 4.5 mm. { ‘ ! 15a DMSFM Bei. 15b Fic. 10. (1) Dritotura gammaroides Van Duzee,—dorsal view. (2) Euscelis parallelus Van Duzee,—elytron. (3) Chlorotettix unicolor Fitch,— elytron. (4) Thammotettix fitcha Van Duzee,—elytron. (5) Phlepsius trroratus Say,—elytron. (6) Euscelis striolus Fallen,—head, dorsal view. (7a) Acinopterus acuminatus Van Duzee,—head, lateral view; (7b) same, dorsal view. (8) Jassus olitorius Say,—elytron. (9) Eutettix seminudus Say,—elytron. (10) Cicadula variata Fallen,—elytron. (11) Balclutha ampicta Van Duzee,—head, dorsal view. (12) Eugnathodus abdominalis Van Duzee,—head, dorsal view. (13) Cuicadula variata Fallen,—head, dorsal view. (14a) Neocoelidia tumidifrons Gillette and Baker,—head, dorsal view; (14b) same, lateral view. (15a) Jassus olitorius Say,—head, dorsal view; (15b) same, lateral view. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by D. M. and F. M. DeLong. 102 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Apparently an imported species occurring on Japanese and sugar maples, and perhaps other species of the same group. Quite abundant both as nymphs and adults in June and July. They seem to be more abundant on the higher branches and only a few occur on the lower foliage of the same tree. New Haven, 21 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.); 4, 5, Aug., 1920 (B. Hawa Cromwell, 27 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.). P. acutus (Say). Jassus acutus Say. (PI. u, 3.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vi, 306, 1831. Brown, vertex acutely angled, almost twice as long as width between eyes, marked with longitudinal pale areas. Pronotum with longitudinal vittae, elytra with numerous dark costal veinlets and apical areoles. Face yellow, fuscous margined. Length 5 mm. A very common species throughout the summer on grasses in meadows and pastures, and frequently abundant on blueberry in boggy areas. It is of economic importance because of its numbers and variety of food plants. Yalesville, 19 Oct., 1903, New Haven, 21 Oct., 1903 (H. L. V.); Sept., 1918 (D. M. D., F. H. L.); 14,:20-June, 20 July, 1920 (B. H. W.): Brantord 31 July, 1920. (B. H. W:); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. Ho Ware East Hartford, 16 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (B] Hawes) Orange, 15 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 12 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 24 Sept., 1921 CBW 3): Plainville, 2 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.). P. cuprescens Osborn. (Fig. 9, 13a, b.) Rept. N.Y. St. Ent, sac 7517751005. Vertex long, sharp, more than twice longer than wide between eyes, side margins often paler in color, cuprescent, elytra heavily infuscated, with few areolar spots, most of which are on apical and anteapical cells. Face pale, very slightly and gradually darkened at margin. Length 4.5-5 mm. A common form in shaded and wooded areas, occurring on ferns and undergrowth in a moist habitat. June to September. P. angustatus Osborn. Rept... N. Y. St. Ent.,/xx5184 1005: Vertex almost one-half longer than width between eyes, greenish with longitudinal dark markings. Elytra greenish with yellowish tinge; costa hyaline with dark veinlets, areolar spots confined to apical and anteapical cells. Veins on apical portion heavily infuscated. Length 4 mm. Described from Long Island, N. Y., and no doubt its distribution extends northward and into Connecticut. It often occurs in the brake-fern habitat in open fields or cut-over areas during August, and is a distinctly northern species. P. fulvus Osborn. Rept. N. Y. St. Ent., xx, sro; ae05' Vertex rather short and blunt, a little longer than width between No. 34.]| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 103 eyes, yellowish with three pale areas at apex, and often brownish vermiculate markings. Bright fulvous, elytra opaque, with few pale areolar spots, all located at apex, costal nervures dark brown. Face yellowish not darkened at sides. Length 4.5-5 mm. Occurs on shrubs and blueberry. Described from Oyster Bay, N. Y., and its range of distribution is quite large, including a part of New England. New Haven, 22 Sept., 1918 (F. H. L.); 31 July, 5 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Coruwall1s July, tozt, (B. H. W.); Hamden, 20 Aug.) to22 (BH. W.);; Portland, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). P. frontalis Van Duzee. (Fig. 9, 7.) CantE nt. xxii) 112, 1890: Vertex short and blunt, almost one-half longer than basal width, a rather indefinite light transverse vitta before eyes. Pronotum with distinct longitudinal white vittae, elytra heavily inscribed with black and with numerous large white oval spots. Face yellow heavily infuscated at sides. Length 3.5-4 mm. A common species in damp meadows and a pest of grasses and herbaceous plants. It often occurs with other species of the genus in boggy areas. Abundant throughout the summer. Newsaaven6 July, 19004. (P. L. B.); 4,8, 11, 20, 31 July, 3 Oct. 1020 (B. H. W.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905; Rockville, 23 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Hamden, 30 June, 1913 (B. H. W.) ; 20 June, 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Branton. 20 july, 19020 ((B: H. W.); East Hartford, 16 Sept.,' tozo (B. H. W.); Orange, 15 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Westbrook, 21 Sept., T920)(hu EL W.); Killingworth, 27 June, .1920 (W. E. B.). *P, frontalis var. nigrifrons DeLong, n. var. Resembles frontalis but with vertex a little more bluntly angled. Color: Uniform black with few pale markings. Face, clypeus and lorae shining black, margin of vertex and the V-shaped line just beneath, white. Vertex with a spot either side of apex and another just back of this, white. Elytra uniform black marked only by two small areolar spots along claval suture, four on base of apical and three on apex of anteapical cells, white. Genitalia: Male valve and plates as in frontalis. A single male specimen collected at West Rock, New Haven, September 22, 1918, by the author and specimens collected at New Haven, 9 July, 1921 (B. H. W.) are at hand, and seem after careful study to be a varietal form because of the unique coloration and shining black face. P. magdalensis Provancher. P. obscurus Osborn. Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 275, 1880. Resembling acutus in size and form, vertex rather blunt, less than twice as long as width between eyes, marked with irregular pale transverse vittae. Pronotum with longitudinal vittae, elytra brownish, inscribed and irrorate with dark brown, and with numerous white areolar spots. Face. brown, irrorate with white. Length 5 mm. 104 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. A common form in New England, often occurring in boggy places on blueberry during August and September. New Haven, 22 Sept., 1918 (F. H. L.); 16, 20 eee 20 July, 22 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.) East Hartford, 16 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.) ;, Hamdenve2s Oct., 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 4 Sept., 1921 (B. FEW). Deltocephalus Burmeister. Vertex more or less obtusely triangular, often strongly pro- duced, head, including eyes, wider than pronotum. As a rule there are two distinct cross veins between the first and second sectors. At the present time this genus contains a great number of American species which vary greatly in structural characters, and are consequently very hard to characterize as a group. A large number of the most injurious forms of the entire family belong to this genus and feed usually upon grasses, cereal and forage crops. Especially abundant in meadows, old pastures and fields of grain. Though commonly double-brooded, some species have only one generation each season. Field observations and collecting records seem to indicate that in a few species a partial second generation may occur. Key to Species. 1. Elytra with two outer apical veinlets reflexed to costa, these together with the previous one pale, dark margined. Appendix wanting. CFigs BE, 52) osc Pee oie eas eels Bn duties ee 2 Elytra without reflexed apical veinlets, appendix present although often. very smalls: cheici uh oiactsev 6c eased as 0 eee eee BiG 2. Vertex produced, decidedly longer than width between eyes, defi- nitely marked with black or dark fuscous. (Fig. II, 1.) ........ 3 Vertex as wide as long, yellowish hyaline with few dark markings inflatus 3. Elytra with pale nervures, rather broadly and heavily margined with dark fuscous’ sis Ge ccacteele ae a osie e Gib ele © So a ee 4 Color bright yellow, nervures somewhat indistinct, a large round black spot on disc of each elytron, almost filling discal cell, and reflexed veins broadly margined with fuscous ............. areolatus 4. Head very strongly produced but rounded at tip, female segment with rounded fatale lobe, male plates long and with pointed diver- ENE LIPS 6 uso so wig deal aCe ee ieee eee sandersi Form appearing more robust, vertex broader and shorter, female segment with a central produced, somewhat keeled portion, male plates shorter than combined width, tips bluntly rounded ...... pictus 5. Elytra with outer clavus often with one, but seldom with two, ae veins; vertex usually rather long, disc flat. (Fig. 1 A ' re nes aA MR RANMA AS Sod oa ours 6 Elytra with outer clavus strongly reticulate, with two, and usually several, reticulate veins; vertex short, disc convex, apex blunt. (Fig. 11, 4b.) 00 55 See on er 9 6. Elytra with only a suggestion of an appendix, pronotum short with posterior angles broadly rounded erec.. 00). ose). eee 7 Elytra with distinct appendix, usually large, pronotum proportion- ately longer, posterior angles more prominent Sieve e's oe «ie eo eee I5 No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 105 7, 10. tI. 12. 13. 14. 15, 16. 17. 18. 19. 21. Small, not exceeding 3.5mm., elytra marked with dark brown, Venter lONSer thai DrOAd= <). 0. 3/2 c\. ais cies aman tentacle eerie ele ialets 6 Broader, robust, length exceeding ee vertex as broad as long, without many dark. markings. (Fi ID AT See ee as configuratus A dark brown band across “elytra and soical cells brown, female Secirient Concave ly TOUNGe” 4). /5-c5 sc sire aie ead eee ae eel ete sayi Elytra paler without dark bands, female segment convexly produced misellus Size small, not exceeding 3.5mm., elytra short, spots on vertex small, usually. POUGVOR MONE so coe se 02s 6 owls ate 10 Size larger, 4mm., a pair of large black spots on vertex, pronotum | ATNGSGUTCE! NITTR syiare ote eras ea G's, « oes % oie nse ove evanhce uote lade VOM RSIS NS inimicus Some shade of gray or brown with elytra dark or with dark NUM U Ig TDS eye ees ues eats chao leo we jn vie alee cate oldve Goble IRIE ae Rane II Pale yellow to olive, a pair of triangular spots at apex formed by areas on the face and a broken band between the eyes, black vinnulus Grayish or brownish with pale and-dark areas .................. 12 Reddish brown, vertex and anterior portion of pronotum yellowish, apicesrot elythawiitisiy WYALNE . ..o..50.5 6 cide se tink Hane era apicatus Long, 3mm. or more, elytra usually decidedly longer than abdomen 13 Very short, compact, not exceeding 2.75 mm. in length, elytra short, Hovalivanot longer than abdomen ..c.o.s6s.. 0c. cece wae compactus Vertex as long as or longer than width between eyes, rather RS Help ld Se nym TN 1G Lene as Lysis ral Ss ailas's ss eisiicseerd se erorclatevate Gholevee leel aeaneh veudiewe 14 Vertex wider between eyes than length at middle, more obtusely AyGCAGl, (CARER 2h ie iN). eMart eg CE SE Dy obtectus Female segment concaved posteriorly, male plates broad, bluntly Doane, . (GANTT Es ee) ie eee eae PAD URI rie is 4 weed Slightly longer and more robust, female segment produced with visible side plates, male plates long with acutely pointed tips .. interruptus Vertex usually bluntly angled or almost rounded anteriorly, width between eyes ereater than length at middle ....0.. 2.200. es 16 Vertex as long as or longer at middle than width between eyes, ustalilvarather sharply vangled. (Fig. 11, da.) ... sce cincaees ce 17 Color greenish or yellowish with fuscous or black markings ...... 23 Color black or dark brown; spots at apex of vertex, and costal MAA SAMO OAC liygey.C LO Weyek ts, s:ohoi sie ale. e/iecd oa erie wleieia sic eens flavicosta Size small, less than 3 mm., yellowish green without definite mark- NINOS MEAP every Gauls le eee tet Se. A inh ant o ie blgco ve. whee: aoe. » iiulich al eetenaa UMTS tans 18 Larger, more than 3 mm, in length, usually 3.5mm., or more ...... 19 Vertex distinctly longer than width between eyes, angularly pointed; female segment with shallow, broad but abrupt excavation, male Miaces AlIMOStMUGINCATEG «lsc or.a «nto aft eu oc alee oneness melsheimerii Vertex less pointed, almost as wide between eyes as length at middle, female segment narrowly incised at middle; male plate convexly rounded, tips bluntly pointed but not truncated ....minimus Vertex sharply angled, sides extending in a straight line from eye to apex, margin without definite markings. (Fig. 11, ga.) ...... 20 Vertex broadly roundingly angled, sides of vertex convexly rounded to apex, a heavy. black line between eyes on margin, often form- ing two black points on vertex at apex. (Fig. 11, 6a.) ...pascuellus Slender, female segment not incised, male plates with apices more pointed PT MMM ORs eect e SGC cg a sacl cael elo. alle let ante Mae eR eEUIDNOR ee ater ee 21 More robust, female segment produced, rather deeply incised at middle, male plates rather broad and blunt at tips ............ debilis Female segment distinctly produced at middle ................... 22 Female segment sinuated, with three small lobes at middle; male plates tapered to narrow attenuated tips ................. nominatus 106 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 22. Female segment with median third abruptly produced and trun- cated; male plates with tips quite broad, bluntly pointed and diver Gent ao. 's iis wads Rin y eyes ie tenn eee ie eee eee sylvestris Female segment with median half gradually produced to a pointed brownish tooth; male plates tapered to narrowly rounded tips ..acus 23. Form narrow, vertex scarcely one-third wider than long, prono- tum not twice wider than long, central anteapical cell seldom divided ‘by cross VelN (+0 a5 Gee yeh oe ee ee 24 Form broader vertex one-third wider than long, pronotum more than twice as wide as long. As arule the middle anteapical cell is-constricted and divided by a cross-vein 7. ......1..2 4 eee 2, 24. Vertex not marked with black spots above margin ............... 25 Vertex with a row of four to six black spots above margin, face with dark ArGs so nee A5 deena a cab aoe oc one cee ee balli 25. Color yellowish green, wings visible through subhyaline elytra ... 26 Color greenish often marked with black areas, face sometimes entirely black, elytra opaque, never subhyaline ......... abdominalis 26. Female segment concavely rounded posteriorly, male plates slightly exceeding valve: blunt atetips <2... + shs.65 so seas eee ee striatus Female segment triangularly produced from base, with median tooth at apex, male valve transverse, plates short but acutely pointed littoralis 27. Vertex rather strongly angled, four black triangular spots above margin, elytra greenish, unmarked ..:.-.:...2..... secs simplex Vertex more obtusely angled with two or four black spots above margin; yellowish, elytra with veins margined with fuscous ..osborni D. areolatus Ball. (Fig.11,1.) (PI. iti, 1.) Can. Ent., xxxi, 188, 1899. Vertex one-third longer than width between eyes, acutely angled, bright yellow with a curved black spot either side at apex. Face usually entirely black. Elytra yellow, opaque, a large black spot on disc and reflexed veins at apex broadly black. Venation rather obscured except at apex where they are narrowly margined with brown. Female segment strongly excavated with a rounded median tooth. Length 3-3.5 mm. Occurs as a rule in dry, hot, often sandy areas on Panicum, as adults during early summer and late fall. It has been found in the sandy and coastal areas of New Jersey and undoubtedly is distributed farther northward along the coast. D. inflatus Osborn and Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., iv, 202, 1897. One of the broad: headed members of the reflexus group. Vertex as wide between eyes as length at middle, rather broadly angled. Yellowish with a few fuscous markings. Basal half of face fuscous. Elytra usually flaring at tips, third apical cell black and reflexed, nervures usually dark margined. Female seg- ment emarginate with a rather broad produced central tooth notched at middle, a black spot either side. Length 4.25-4.75 mm. A common pasture and meadow form feeding on grasses in low areas and along swamp margins. Specimens are at hand from Long Island, N. Y., and it occurs no doubt in Connecticut. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 107 D. sandersi Osborn. Proc. Dav. Acad. Sci., x, 164, 1907. Vertex strongly produced, tip rounded, one-fourth longer than basal width between eyes, more than one-half longer than prono- tum. A pair of heavy black paranthesis spots enclosing tip and an interrupted band before eyes, brownish. Pronotum with longi- tudinal bands. Elytra buff, nervures whitish, heavily bordered with fuscous. Face variable in color from entirely black to pale on lower portion. Female segment with a central rounded lobe, black margined. Male valve triangular, rather short and broad, plates twice longer, tips pointed and divergent. Length 3-3.5 mm. DM&FM Del 6c Fic. 11. (1) Deltocephalus areolatus Ball,—head, dorsal view. (2) Deltocephalus obtectus Osborn and Ball,—head, dorsal view. (3a) Delto- cephalus weedi Van Duzee,—head, dorsal view; (3b) same, elytron. (4a) Deltocephalus sylvestris Osborn and Ball,—head, dorsal view; (4b) same, female genitalia; (4c) same, male genitalia; (4d) same, elytron. (5) Deltocephalus pictus Osborn,—elytron. (6a) Deltocephalus pascuellus Fallen,—head, dorsal view; (6b) same, female genitalia; (6c) same, male genitalia. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by D. M. and F. M. DeLong. 108 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. A grass-feeding species common in the eastern and southern states. , New Haven, 7, 8, 11, 20 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). D. pictus Osborn. (Fig. 11, 5.) Proc, Dav. Acad. Sct; x, 165, s1607; Allied to D. reflexus, vertex produced, acutely angled, a little longer on middle than width between eyes. Pronotum with four broad longitudinal dark stripes. Basal half of face black. Elytra whitish, veins pale, broadly dark margined. Female segment slightly concave, a rounded short median tooth with a black line either side. Male plates rather long and narrowed to rounded tips. Length 3.5 mm. Common throughout the summer on grasses of the Aristida type in New York and Pennsylvania. It is perhaps more widely distributed. New Haven, 30 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.). D. configuratus Uhler. (Fig. 4, 1, 2, 3, 4.) (PI. iii, 4.) Bull] U_-S: Geol. Geos. Surv, Terr. iv, 511, 1870. 5 Vertex broader between eyes than median length, bluntly angled, a distinct white cross on the disc in well-marked specimens. Pro- notum pale with longitudinal dark stripes. Elytra with veins white, often dark margined and spotted with fuscous. Female segment medially produced in a long attenuated bifid black process, male plates long, obliquely truncate. Length 4.5-5 mm. A very common species on grasses in pastures, meadows and swampy areas throughout New England during July, August and September. New Haven, 1 June, 19611 (B. H. W.); 10 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); 4 July, 1920, 21 May, 16 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 20 June, 1926 (B. H. W.); Portland, 25 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.); Cornwall, 5 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). D. sayi (Fitch). Amblycephalus says Fitch. (PI. iti, 2.) Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 61, 1851. Rather short, vertex rather strongly angled, tip, two concentric bands and a median longitudinal stripe pale, forming dark reddish brown spots between them. Pronotum brownish with pale longi- tudinal stripes. Elytra short and broad at apex, often not exceed- ing abdomen, brownish, veins white, a dark band across middle and another across apex of elytra. Female segment broadly con- cavely rounded. Male plates rather long and tapered to blunt tips. Length 3.5 mm. A very abundant meadow species of economic importance throughout the northern states from May to October. It often feeds on the tall grasses and is able to live under a variety of conditions. New Haven, 31 Oct., 1903 (H. L. V.); 20 Aug., 1909, 26 June, 1910, 30 May, 1911 (B. H. W.); 22 Sept., 1918 (F. H. L.); 28 June, 11; 18 fui, No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 109 1920 (B. H. W.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Waterbury, 15 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.; Cornwall, 5 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); East Haven, 10 May, 1921 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 5 July, 1920 (P. G.); Orange, 22 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 5 July, 1921 (P. G.); Killingworth, 27 June, 1920 (W. E. B.). D. misellus Ball. Can. Ent., xxxi, 191, 1899. Resembling sayi in general appearance but smaller and paler without the dark bands, and the female segment roundingly pro- duced. White markings on vertex not conspicuous, elytra short with veins white, often discal, claval and apical cells more or less black. Male plates shorter and broader than says. Length 3.2 mm. | A typical and apparently restricted northern form, found in suffi- cient abundance usually in New England to place it with those of economic value. Common on grasses during June, July and August. D. weedi Van Duzee. (Fig. 11, 3a, b.) Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xix, 306, 1892. Pale brown with white and fuscous markings. Vertex pro- duced, as long as wide between eyes, well angled, a dark inter- - rupted band just before eyes and four black triangular spots behind margin. Elytra with nervures broadly white, margined with fuscous. Clavus strongly reticulate. Female segment con- cavely rounded. Male valve broadly rounded, plates angularly produced. Length 3 mm. Feeds on low pasture grasses and frequents waste places. It is a rather common form over a large area, including the New England States, June to September. Huntington, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). D. interruptus DeLong. ‘‘Tenn. St. Bd. Ent., Bull. 17, 51, 1916. Resembling weeds in coloration but more robust. Vertex dis- tinctly angled, a little longer on middle than width between eyes, as long as pronotum, elytra broad but slightly exceeding abdomen. Quite variable in coloration. In dark specimens an interrupted band on vertex between eyes and four round black spots above margin often fused with band. Elytra with nervures pale, dark margined. Female last ventral segment very short at sides, con- vexly produced on middle to three times length of preceding seg- ment, a membraneous plate conspicuous at either side. Male valve almost transverse, slightly produced at middle and placed in concavity of last ventral segment. Plates one-half longer than valve concavely narrowed to acutely pointed tips. Length 2.9- 3.2 mm. Originally described from Tennessee, but has been collected in many states throughout the eastern United States, and the record I £0 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. for Connecticut is perhaps the most northern. It occurs on grasses in moist places, often along stream margins. New Haven, 11 July, 1920, 2 July, 1922 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 20 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.). D. compactus Osborn and Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., iv, 217, 1897. Very short and broad, vertex broader than long, elytra scarcely exceeding abdomen, in the female surpassed by the ovipositor. Vertex marked with a transverse interrupted band between eyes and four black points, often pale, just above margin. Elytral cells margined with fuscous. Clavus reticulate veined. Female segment deeply concavely excavated, concealed except at lateral angles by a convexly rounding membrane. Male plates broad at base narrowed to pointed attenuated tips. Length 2.25 mm. Found in company with obtectus on short grasses in high, well- drained pastures from June to September. D. obtectus Osborn and Ball. (Fig. 11, 2.) (PI. iii, 3.) Proc. Dav. Acad. Sci., vii, 78, 1898. Resembling compactus but longer, elytra considerably surpassing abdomen. Vertex broader than long with interrupted dark band before eyes and four small black spots behind margin. Spots behind eyes on pronotum and basal angles of scutellum black. Elytra pale, conspicuous dark margins and spots on cells black or dark brown. Female segment concavely excavated, almost con- cealed by median membrane roundingly produced with a shallow notch either side of small median tooth. Length 3 mm. Reported from Massachusetts and feeds in rather high pastures on short grasses. It seems to prefer this dry habitat where the land is well drained, and is common in a Danthonia association from June throughout the summer. New Haven, 11, 31 July, 22 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 31 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). D. vinnulus Crumb. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., viii, 192, I915. In form resembling weedi, vertex bluntly angled, about as long on middle as basal width between the eyes. Elytra rather broad, outer clavus with very few reticulate veins. Vertex pale yellow, black markings from front extending on to vertex and forming a triangular spot on either side of apex, and a broken black band extending transversely across between anterior margins of éyes forms a white cross on anterior portion. Elytra olive, subhyaline, veins whitish, sometimes narrowly fuscous margined. Face black above with pale arcs. Female last ventral segment with lateral margins strongly emarginate from the base, lateral angles rounded to posterior margin which is bisinuate forming three lobes, the central one the smallest. Lateral membranes are present. Male valve triangular, plates twice longer than valve, No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. oat concavely narrowed and produced to gradually tapering acutely angled apices. This species has a rather wide distribution in the eastern United States. It occurs in abundance on Andropogan virginicus in upland and prairie areas. The record for Connecticut is a good one. , Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.). D. apicatus Osborn. Can. Ent., xxxii, 285, 1900. Small, robust, vertex almost as long as width between eyes, yellowish, unmarked. Pronotum yellowish anteriorly, shading to brown posteriorly. Scutellum brown. Elytra exceeding abdo- men, chestnut brown, tips whitish hyaline, venation pale. Female segment concavely excavated, covered at the middle with a mem- brane which is convexly produced and has a brown spot either side of central tip so as to appear as having three points. Length 3 mm. Occurs on Panicum during July and August. A common form in wet pastures and on margins of lagoons or other bodies of water. It has also been taken in rather dry habitats in large numbers. New Haven, 4, 5, 16 July, 1920, 16 July, 1921, 2 July, 1922 (B. H. W.); Stratford, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.). D. inimicus (Say). Jassus imimicus Say. Jassus sex-punctata Provancher. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 305, 1831. Vertex considerably broader than median length, bluntly angled. Varying greatly in intensity of coloration but always with six black spots in two longitudinal rows. ‘Two spots on margin of vertex, two on anterior margin of pronotum and two in basal angles of scutellum. Elytra long, the cells usually heavily marked with fuscous. Outer clavus heavily reticulated. Female segment excavated either side of a rather broad median tooth. Length 4.5 mm. One of the few species of greatest economic importance, and having a great variety of food plants. It is a common grass feeder, but is also important in its relation to garden, cereal and forage crops as well as a pest of pasture and meadow. New Haven, 3 Oct., 1902 (B. H. W.) ; 16 Oct., 4 Nov., 1903 (H. L. V.); 27 June, 19007 (W.E.B.); 26 June, 1912, 8 July, 1912 (at light); 4, 5, 11, WAS) 23).27,131 July, 8, Aug., 22 Sept., 1920 (B) Hh Wi) Kent’ gr Aug., 1904 (W. E. B.); Wethersfield, 24 June, 1913 (L. B. R.); Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); Stratford, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Waterbury, 15 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Meriden, 28 July, 1909 (A. I. B.) ; North Haven, 24 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.); Marlborough, 15 July, 1922 (B. H. W.). D. flavicosta Stal. D. flavocostatus Van Duzee. WD. retrorsus Uhler. Rio. Jan. Hemip., ti, 53, 1862. Vertex broader than long, very bluntly angled, almost rounded 112 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. at tip. Dark testaceous to black, vertex with ocelli, spots along margin, one on disc and one inside either eye, whitish. Elytra with basal half of costal margin broadly yellow margined, cross veins from costa and apical margin, white. Veins pale on apical half. Female segment slightly rounded or truncated posteriorly. Length -3.5 mm. : The records from New Haven are apparently quite northern for this typical and common southern form where it is abundant in meadows throughout the summer. New Haven, 3 Oct, 1902 (B. H. W.); 11, 16, 18, 27 July, 1020 (B. H. W.) ; 8 July, 1912 (at light) ; North Haven, Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.). D. debilis Uhler. D. melsheimers Osborn and Ball. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., i, 360, 1876. Large green species with vertex distinctly angled, as long at middle as width between eyes, yellowish green in color, unmarked. Face slightly infuscated, usually pale. Elytra a. uniform green with venation conspicuous. Female segment slightly produced and notched at middle, either side of which is a black mark. Male. plates convexly rounded and very blunt at apex. Length 4-4.5 mm. This species is rather widely distributed throughout the northern states usually occurring on grasses in low wooded areas. D. abdominalis (Fabricius). Cercopis abdominalis Fabricius. Cicada bicolor Fabricius. Cicada baliteata Zetterstedt. Aphrodis juvenca Hardy. Syst. Rhyng., 98, 1803. Resembling debilis but with vertex distinctly broader than long, more bluntly angled and pronotum with very short lateral margins. Greenish, vertex and anterior portion of pronotum yellowish. Face dark or black at base. Elytra greenish, opaque, often black or with black areas, usually subhyaline at apex. Venation as a rule obscured. Female segment slightly excavated, black margined and often incised at middle. Male plates longer than debilis, well rounded at apices. Length 4.5 mm. Inhabits low grassy, often swampy areas, and feeds on coarse vegetation in these habitats. It is a common form in the northern states and Canada as well as Europe. D. pascuellus (Fallen). Cicada pascuellus Fallen. Cicada punc- tipes Zetterstedt. D.minkis Provancher. (Fig. 11, 6a, b,c.) Hemip. Suec., Cicad., 32, 1826. Vertex obtusely angled, almost rounded, wider between eyes than median length; yellow, a point either side of apex black. Face infuscated, with numerous pale arcs and a black line at base. Elytra greenish, subhyaline, nervures conspicuous. Female seg- ment gradually, rather deeply excavated, deeply incised at center, lateral angles prominent. Male plates broad at base narrowed to blunt tips. Length 3.5 mm. An European form now recognized as a pest of economic impor- No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 113 tance in meadows of New England and some of the middle Atlantic states, feeding on grasses in low areas during July, August and September. Branford, Cheshire and New Haven, 22 Sept. 19018 (F. H. L. and D. M. D.); 14 June,-7, 11, 18 July, 8 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Cornwall, 22 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.): Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (B. H. W.): North Branford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Killingworth, 27 June, 1920 CBr ET: W.); New Haven, 25 June, 1921 (B. Hie Wee D. minimus Osborn and Ball. Deltocephalus melsheimeris Van Duzee. Broc. la. Acad: Sci., 1v, 211, 1807. Very small, vertex produced, longer than width between eyes, bluntly angled at tip. Pronotum very strongly convex anteriorly, lateral margin almost obsolete. Vertex yellowish green, ocelli black, margin slightly infuscated. Elytra greenish, subhyaline, venation somewhat obscured. I*emale segment slightly produced, medially notched, with a black spot either side. Male plates long, gradually narrowed to acute tips. A black spot near middle of either plate. Length 2.75-3 mm. This species resembles closely melsheimeri (Fitch), and they are frequently confused in collections. Common on grasses in pastures and uncultivated areas. Old pastures are ideal feeding places in July and August. New Haven, 3 Oct., 1902 (B. H. W.). D. striatus (Linnaeus). Cicada striata Linnaeus. Jassus striata Herrich-Schaeffer. Deltocephalus striatus Flor. Deto- cephalus sabulicola Curtis. Deltocephalus affinis Gillette and Baker. Deltocephalus affinis Van Duzee. (PI. iti, 5.) Hemip. Col., 84, 1895. Robust, vertex wider than long, obtusely angled, yellow or fuscous, often with darker markings. Pronotum with very short lateral margins and marked with darker longitudinal bands. Elytra dull green, venation paler and conspicuous. Face infus- cated, with numerous pale arcs. Female segment concavely rounded. Male plates very short and rounded, scarcely exceeding convex valve. Length 3.5-4 mm. Quite variable in coloration, often pale or heavily marked. A very common and widely distributed form throughout the summer feeding in pastures and meadows on field and swamp grasses. Common in New England. There has been some confusion regarding the synonymy of this species but a careful study of European material and material from Prof. Gillette show them to be the same species which has been described at least twice in Europe and once in this country. New Haven, 14, 20 June, 1920, 29 May, 1921 (B. H. W.). D. nominatus Sanders and DeLong. Deltocephalus oculatus Osborn and Ball. 114 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Penn, Bur. Pl. Ind., Tech. Bull. No. 1, 9, 1920; Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., iv, 212, 1897. Vertex produced and acutely angled but a little blunt at tip. Pronotum very strongly convex anteriorly. Straw yellow, ocelli and median impressed line of vertex black. Elytra subhyaline, nervures pale. Female segment with a slightly produced portion at middle, black and trilobate. Male plates rather broad at base, tips narrow, acutely angled and attenuated. Length 3.2 mm. A rather common form on Andropogon grasses in high fields or rather dry places. It is more commonly found in western and southern localities, and although not definitely reported from New England it may occur rather sparsely. New Haven, 14 June, 7, 20 July, 1920 (B. H. W.) ; North Haven, 4 Sept., 1921; Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. Hi. W.). D. littoralis Ball. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xviii, 120, 1905. ; Vertex produced, obtusely angled, wider than median length. dull yeilow, ocelli black and a suggestion of brownish reflexed arcs. Elytra dull greenish, subhyaline, venation pale and con- spicuous; rather short, in female exceeded by abdomen. Female segment triangularly produced from base, a notch either side just before apex, forming three rather distinct teeth. The processes of an underlying segment visible at each side. Male plates short concavely narrowed to pointed tips. Length 3.5-4 mm. It has been found only on Distichlis spicata on sandy areas of the Atlantic Coast, but seems to have a rather wide distribution over such areas during June, July and August. Rowayton, 5 Aug., 1909 (C. W. J.). D. melsheimerii (Fitch). Amblycephalus melsheimerw Fitch. D. wicilinus Crumb. Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 61, 1855: ; A small species with pointed head. Vertex strongly produced and sharply angled, distinctly longer than width between eyes and longer than pronotum. Female usually rather uniform yellowish, elytra subhyaline, nervures milky white, face with faint arcs. Male brighter yellow, a faint brown arc either side from apex to black ocelli, white nervures of elytra faintly bordered with fuscous throughout. Six or seven pairs of arcs on face. Female last ventral segment about equaling preceding, median half of posterior margin with simple, very shallow, black bordered excavation. Male valve almost semi-circular, considerably longer than preced- ing segment; plates broad at base, only slightly narrowed to broadly rounded upturned tips, appearing from below as almost truncate. Length 2.5-2.75 mm. A very common meadow species which is distributed over a large area in the eastern United States. Since its description in 1851 this species has been confused with minimus Osborn and Ball, and No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 115 striatus Linnaeus (affinis Gillette and Baker). An examination of the type has proven that this species is distinct, and is the same as vicilinus described by Crumb in 1915. New. Haven, 8 Oct., 1902. (B. H. W.); 7, 11 July, 1920 (B. H. W.; Hamden, 5 July, 1920 (P. Garman); North Branford, 12 June, 1921 (Ba EE W.). s\isylvestris Osborn and Ball. (Fig: 11, 4a, b,c, ds):(PL ili, 6.) | roc ila. Acad) 'Sci., 1v, 213, 1807. Vertex longer than width between eyes, acutely angled, dull greenish with a curved line from apex toward each ocellus, and a longitudinal stripe either side of middle, fuscous. Elytra rather long, greenish subhyaline, nervures pale, often slightly fuscous margined. Female segment abruptly produced and black on median third. Male plates long, peek rounded to blunt apices. Length 3.5 mm. Feeds in waste places and sheltered areas, on short grasses during June, July and in late summer. New Haven, 22 Sept.,.1918 (F. H. L. and D. M. D.); 11 July, 1920 GB ELAN.) ; North Branford, 2) june? soz (Bb. ike Wen D. acus Sanders and DeLong. Penn Bur. Pl: Ind., Tech. Bull. No. 1, 10, 1920. Vertex sharply angled, one-fifth longer on middle than width between eyes. Greenish yellow, an arcuate line from apex to eye, pale brown. Elytra milky hyaline, veins paler, faintly bordered with fuscous. Female last ventral segment slightly longer than preceding, hind margin with median half produced, forming a broad pointed tooth with sinuate sides, margined with brown. Male valve trianguiarly rounded, as long as, but narrower than, last ventral segment. Plates at base as broad as last ventral seg- ment, twice length of valve, concavely narrowed to round pointed tips. Length 4 mm. An abundant and widespread species found in grassy and swampy areas and which apparently has been confused for some time with melsheimerit and nominatus, both of which it resembles. New Haven, July 11, 1920 (B. H. W.). D. simplex Van Duzee. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xix, 304, 1892. Vertex at least one-third wider than long, very bluntly and obtusely angled, greenish yellow with four black spots just back of margin, a pair of triangular spots at apex and one next either eye just above ocellus. Elytra rather long, dull green or whitish, veins bright green. Female segment with lateral lobes rounded, excavated either side of broad median tooth. Portions of under segment visible at the sides. Male plates very broad at base, con- cavely, abruptly narrowed at half their length to elongated pointed tips. Length 5-5.5 mm. 116 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Occurs on Spartina patens in swampy areas. Stratiord, 21 July, 1912 (at light); 9 July, 1920 (B.. Hy W.)- valso reported from Branford and Stony Creek without specific dates; New Haven, 1 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Fairfield, 26 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.). D. osborni Van Duzee. Trans. Am. Ent: Soc., xix, 304, 1892. Broad and robust, vertex one-third wider than long, very blunt, almost rounded at tip, a pair of large black spots at apex, and often a smaller one each side next ocellus. Sometimes with fuscous blotches on disc. In pale specimens some or all of these markings may be absent. Pronotum yellowish with longitudinal white stripes. Elytra broad, dull yellow, subhyaline, nervures white, broadly fuscous margined. Female segment slightly bisinu- ated and dark margined at middle. Male plates broad at base, concavely rounded to acute tips. Length 4.5-5 mm. Found on tall grasses often in swampy places, but usually in rather small numbers during July, August and September. D. balli Van Duzee. nigrifrons Van Duzee. Check List Hemip., 71, 1916; Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxi, 293, 1804. Vertex twice as long as wide, rounded anteriorly, yellow with four large black spots above margin and a smaller one next either eye. The outer spots are often fused with paler areas on the disc almost forming a transverse band. Face black with a median stripe and numerous arcs, yellow. Venter black. Elytra brownish ‘green, subhyaline, nervures paler. Female segment concave with a slight median tooth and brownish portion at middle. Male plates gradually narrowed to sharp acute tips. Length 4 mm. An important pest of cereal and forage crops and a very common member of the meadow and pasture groups feeding on cultivated and wild grasses. Kent, 31 Aug., 1904 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 22 Sept., 1918 (F. H. L.). Aconura Lethierry. Athysanella Baker. Vertex broad, obtusely angled, rounding to front. Pronotum usually shorter than vertex, transversely wrinkled posteriorly. The elytra are usually short and with abbreviated venation. Ovipositor very long comparatively. The species of this genus feed upon short grasses of the prairie type which are found on dry uplands. Most of them occur throughout the plains region of the west but one species is known to occur in the New England states. A. acuticauda (Baker). Athysanella acuticauda Baker. Psyche, viii, 186, 1808. Vertex blunt, angularly or roundingly produced, and broadly rounding to front. Pronotum very short and broad. Elytra short No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 117 covering only basal two or three segments of abdomen; occasion- ally reaching almost to tip of abdomen. Ovipositor in female long, body gradually tapering and wedge-shaped. Color dull green to brownish, vertex with a pair of large round black spots extending over on to the front and a spot on middle of front visible from above. Elytra often striped with brown, abdomen marked with brownish spots and darker areas. Female segment with lateral angles produced, between which the posterior border is emarginate either side of a slightly produced broad median lobe. Male valve strongly roundingly produced, plates short and broad, divergent, bluntly pointed, notched on outer margins. Length female, 4mm.; male, 3 mm. A rather abundant species in dry upland pastures and meadows where the soil is well drained and short grasses are the principal species. New Haven, 8 May, 1921 (B. H. W.). Driotura Osborn and Ball. Head short, almost parallel margined, obtuse, face short and broad. Pronotum short, transversely striate posteriorly. Elytra coarsely rugose, short, extending either to second abdominal seg- ment only, or almost to end of abdomen. D. gammaroides (Van Duzee) Athysanus gammaroides Van Wazee: (Hig. 10, 1.) Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., v, 209, 1804. Black, shining, usually unmarked, short, robust, elytra coarsely rugose, usually extending only to second segment of abdomen. Length 3-4 mm. Frequents waste areas where wild grasses are common, or often pastures of several years standing. Common in many areas. Stonington, 16 May, 1906; New Haven, 13 May, 1911 (B. H. W.); 31 July, 8 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Killingworth, 31 May, 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 10 Apr., 1921 (B. H. W.); Ellington, 25 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Orange, 21 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). Euscelis Brulle. Phrynomorphus Curtis. Athysanus Burmeister. Opsius Fieber. Body usually robust, vertex obtuse, often roundingly angled, sometimes rounded and almost parallel margined, not forming a definite margin with front. Elytra usually shorter or only slightly exceeding abdomen, with one cross vein. _ Four very distinct groups any one of which might easily be con- sidered as a genus are found here. So the species can scarcely 118 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. be characterized as regards many structural characters. If the cross nervures between the sectors were of importance they would be of service here as factors in classification, but their relative significance is still an open question. In regard to feeding habits they closely resemble and are asso- ciated with species of Deltocephalus, being found almost entirely on grasses and low forms of vegetation. Key to Species. 1. Anterior margin of vertex slightly produced before the eyes, wider than: lone er. 6 sg Po Ginre ea sect ees eoniece we ele nia cls Cae 2 Anterior margin of vertex usually well produced before the eyes, angled with front-or somewhat conical ..........4.. slew 5 2. Vertex with heavy black band between the eyes, elytra greenish, nervures Pale. oss sachet pal eee ce soe aie obs oie cee 3 Margin of vertex with two large round black spots, elytra whitish hyaline nervures darkys: 2602 ci k eioje aa tals Sees eee exitiosus 3. Length 4.5mm. or more, head very slightly produced -............ Smaller, 3.5 mm., wedge-shaped, head more produced at middle .. cuneatus 4. Vertex slightly produced at middle, band on vertex narrow, length léss thane5 mit seats Meee, Wake esses gue nate atola ae ee striolus Vertex parallel margined, band on vertex broad, length 6mm. ... parallelus 5. Vertex wider than length at middle.....: o....3..5,.0. 2c eee 6G Vertex as long as width at base, yellow with two large round spots ADOVE: APEX 2) Ske Sas ane Sie bicteldus Se! Sale eat curtisii 6. Species rather short and very broad, elytra short, scarcely exceed- ing abdomen, central anteapical cell not constricted ..........;... GI Species smaller and more elongate, elytra usually longer than abdo- men. Central anteapical cell constricted at middle ...........:. II 7. Very broad, pale, or light brown with white spot on cross nervure 8 Narrower, usually black, or dark brown, without white spot on cross ‘nervure oo oSec el ee bi il nals lacs eee 10 8. Vertex rounded, less than twice as long at middle as next the eye @ Vertex angled, twice as long on middle as next the eye, two spots close to apex, and an interrupted band between eyes ........ extrusus g. Vertex unmarked. or with two. round) spots. 3.5... 2s eee relativus Vertex with transverse bands, a broad white spot on cross nervures varus 10. Vertex angled, nearly twice as long on middle as next eyes, yellow At DASE? o.. eis e's dees le Scaler tisel tlie uae haces ce tae alles a 0 uhleri Vertex rounding, little longer on middie than next eye. Shining 0) F: (ol GaP LM Eo leit minty yOu Ne eat anthracinus 11. Elytra distinctly longer than body, more than 4mm. in length .... 12 Elytra not exceeding abdomen in length, vertex with transverse band between anterior margins of eyes ................ arctostaphyli 12. Shorter and broader, vertex more obtusely angled, elytra broader at tip, color brownish, nervures pale, dark margined ............ 13 Long and very narrow, vertex sharply angled, elytra tapering, color black, vertex with pale lines and markings, nervures pale ..elongatus 13. Vertex brown with transverse fuscous markings, face dark ...... I4 Vertex fulvous without definite markings, face testaceous ...... symphoricarpae 14. Pale olive testaceous tinged with tawny, tibia orange ......... vaccinii Dark brown without tawny color, legs dark ................ striatulus No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 119 E. exitiosus (Uhler). Cicadula exitiosus Uhler. Am. Ent., iii, 72, 1880. A variable species with rounded head. Two black spots on rounded margin of vertex, two oblique dashes on basal angles, and a dark crescent-shaped “band between eyes. Four transverse black spots near anterior margin of pronotum and black markings in basal angles of scutellum; elytra hyaline, nervures black. Length 3.5-4.5 mm. A southern and southwestern species, no doubt found occa- sionally in the state during July, August and September. E. cuneatus Sanders and DeLong. Penn: Bur. Pl. Ind., Tech, Bull. 1,17, 1920. The smallest of the black banded vertex species of this group. Wedge-shaped, head including eyes wider than pronotum, vertex slightly produced and rounded. Yellowish green, a line below ocelli, a band between eyes, sometimes interrupted and a triangular spot at apex, black. Elytra smoky subhyaline, nervures yellowish. Face with black arcs, sutures and antennal pits. Female last ventral segment with pointed lateral angles, posterior margin con- cave to a short median black tooth. Male valve broadly triangular with rounded apex, plates long, tapered to attenuated tips. Length 3-3.5 mm. as : A very common and abundant species in moist places. It fre- quents lagoon margins and has been taken from Juncus and Cyperus. New Haven, 20 Aug., 1920, 19 June, 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 20 Aug., noz2) (G54 El. VW.).; Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.). E. striolus (Fallen). Cicadula striolus Fallen. Jassus frenatus German. | i(Mig.) 10; 6.) Acta Holm, xxvii, 31, 1806. Vertex a little longer on middle than next eyes, almost parallel margined, green with a transverse black stripe on vertex between eyes, a waved one on margin, and arcs on face, black. Elytra sordid green, nervures paler. Female last ventral segment strongly concavely rounded. Male valve obtusely triangular, plates with outer margins straight, tips bluntly angled. Length 3.5-4.5 mm. Occurs in swampy and boggy places and is found in great numbers on Juncus along moist margins of ponds and lagoons during July, August and September. Reported from Branford; Stratford, 9 June, 1920 (B. H. W.). -E. parallelus (Van Duzee). juinesrezn (B. H. W.); East Haven, 10 May, 1921 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 13 July, ro2z1 (B. H. W.)+ Portland: 25 july, 1020 CBSE Wa EK. relativus (Gillette and Baker). oleae enesiecduinvo chet ae fitchi Vertex less angulate, six round black spots above margin, one very close to either eye, face black with pale arcs ...........4%. nigrifrons 15. Elytra quite hyaline, greenish or yellowish not dark or smoky .... 16 Elytra dark smoky only, subhyaline, veins yellowish, conspicuous, species, broad: Caw wem ot view tas o reenenecs eis See eee chlamydatus 16. Greenish species, long and slender, head sharply angled, female segment truncated or slightly waved, without median tooth inornatus Orange-yellow, rather broad, head quite bluntly angled, female segment excavated with a rather broad median tooth ....... placidus T. kennicotti (Uhler). Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., ii, 161, 1863. Rather large, vertex blunt, broadly rounded, almost parallel margined, two large black spots on rounded margin, ocelli and usually a line or band behind them, red. Pronotum with a pale median transverse band, rather narrow. Elytra brownish, smoky, _Claval suture conspicuously and broadly white. Length 6.5-7 mm. A species commonly taken in shrub habitats often on oak, occurring usually in small numbers throughout the summer. New Haven, 17 July, 1908; 20 Aug., 1909, and 26 June, 1910 (B. H. W.); Aen, Ese 25 28 July, 3 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); East Haven, 21 July, 1920 B. H. W.); North Branford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H: W.); Portlandiizs5 ie 1920 (B. H. W.). ef brittoni Osborn. Proc. Dav. Acad. Sci., x, 166, 1907. Resembling kennicotti i in general appearance but smaller, darker colored without conspicuous white claval vein. Dark brown, No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 135 vertex yellowish mottled with brown and with two black spots at apex. |) Vertex rounded in front. Elytra) very dark brown. Length 5-5.75 mm. A shrub-feeding form originally described from specimens col- lected by Dr. W. E. Britton in Connecticut. At present the known distribution is much greater. New Haven, 6,15, 20 July, 1904 (W. E. B.) (type material); 4, 5, 8, II, 17, 31 July, 1920, 16 June, 1921 (B. H. W.) on Steironema ciliatum. T. morsei Osborn. Me. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 238, 134, 1915. Large brown species entirely flecked with red. Vertex rounded in front with a faint suggestion of an angle at apex, yellowish, closely flecked with red, two large black spots at apex. Elytra dark, deep red in appearance. Length 6 mm. Feeds on willow shrubs from which it can be collected during August. New Haven, 22 Sept., 1920, 16 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). T. clitellarius (Say). Jassus clitellarws Say. The Saddle- Backed Leaf-hopper. ; Jour, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 300, 1831- A common dark brown species with an oval yellow “saddle” area on middle of elytra and a broad transverse yellow band on posterior portion of pronotum. Vertex rounded, yellow, apex with a pair of large black spots. Length 5-5.5 mm. A common form in pastures and often taken from shrubs. It may be a cosmopolitan feeder, and breeding records will perhaps show that to be the case. This is one of our very common forms, and is of economic importance throughout the summer. Woodmont, 22 June, 1904 (P. L. B.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905 CHEW.) = New) Haven, 8 June, 1904, 22 June, 1910 (CW. E. Bi)’: 27 July; ROOAM@Ea lua.) % 17, 2220 June, 8 July, 1or2 (at light); 107 14) 20 June: 21 uly, 1020 (B. H: W.); Hamden, 14 June, ro11. (W. E..B.) ;) Derby, 11 Mune tors. (CM. P. Z.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., ro20 (B. H. W:) ;\,Cromwell, 30 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Corn- wall, 5 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). T. eburatus Van Duzee. Canker nt. xxi. 10; E680. Resembling somewhat clitellarius but paler and without spots on vertex. Vertex uniform dull yellow, pronotum brownish, darker anteriorly. Elytra yellowish to whitish hyaline, claval suture, base and tips of clavus along sutural margin, brown. Remainder of clavus yellowish, tips of elytra smoky. Length 6mm. Occurs in cut-over areas and on herbaceous plants in woodland. Its food plant is not definitely known. East River, Aug., 1908 (C. R. E.) ;‘ Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). T..collaris Ball. 7. exquisitos Osborn. (PI. II, 9.) Can. Ent., xxxiv, 15, 1902. 136 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Belonging to the clitellarius group but with “saddle” spot of yellow on the dark brown elytra more linear and elongated, extending from apex of scutellum to tip of clavus. Costal margin broadly pale to near apex. Vertex obtusely angled, yellow, apex with two black spots. A yellow transverse band across posterior half of pronotum. Length 5.5-6 mm. Rather abundant in cool moist woods on Impatiens in the coarse grass-fern association during August, but occurring only in thick woods. T. belli (Uhler). Jassus belli Uhler. Thamnotettix sonorae Gillette and Baker. Bull. U.S. Geol, Geos? Sum: Terr, 11.471, 1077. Yellow to tawny, vertex slightly angled, two large black spots at apex and an interrupted band between eyes. Posterior portion of pronotum banded with pale. Elytra tawny with oblique pale lines parallel to claval vein. Length 5 mm. A northern form occurring on shrubs in New England i in May, July and August. T. chlamydatus (Provancher). Deltocephalus chlamydatus Pro- vancher. TJ. infuscatus Gillette and Baker. T. punctiscuta Gillette and Baker. . Pet. Faune Ent. Can., ii, 339, 1890. Rather large robust species with vertex angled, brownish with a greenish tint seldom with definite markings. Elytra dark, veins paler. Female segment shallowly emarginate posteriorly. Length 6 mm. A typical northern form apparently feeding on shrubs from which it is usually taken. Reported as occurring on birch and hazel in spring and late summer. T. melanogaster (Provancher). Jassus melanogaster Provancher. Nat. Can., iv, 378, 1872. Yellow to green, vertex obtusely angulate with four large black spots about equidistant on margin of vertex. Female segment produced, slightly emarginate posteriorly. Length 5 mm. A very common grass-feeding species throughout the summer in low wet pastures, and meadows. Abundant to such extent that it is of economic importance. Yalesville, 19 Oct., 19003 (H. L. V.); New Haven, 26 June, 1910 (B. H. W.); 7, 11, 17 July, 22 Sept., 3 Oct., 1920.(B. H. W2); Braniiord 21 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 3 Sept., 1920, North Branford, 13 July, 1920, Orange, 17 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 23 Oct., 1921 (B. H. W.); Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). T. ciliatus Osborn. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., v, 244, 1808. Greenish with yellow vertex which is strongly rounded in front and has four black spots on margin. Two large ones at apex on No. 34.]| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 137 margin and a smaller one either side toward the eyes; just above each of outer spots on vertex is a fine black point and a black line extends over margin through antennal pit and follows suture of face to clypeus. Length 5-5.5 mm. Feeds on grasses in pasture land during August and September. T. decipiens Provancher. Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 285, 1890. Greenish, elytra with iridescent tint and pale veins. Vertex very broadly obtusely angled, two large black spots on margin at apex and a smaller one on either side toward eye and above margin, ‘frontal sutures black. Female segment broadly excavated. Length 4.5-5 mm. Common on coarse grasses and sedges in swampy areas of pasture land during August and September. T. smithi Van Duzee. Can. Ent., xxiv, 266, 1892. Quite long and slender. Vertex broadly rounded. Yellow, with a broad black band on margin between eyes. Pronotum greenish, mottled with yellow. LElytra dull greenish, hyaline, pos- terior third smoky, veins distinctly visible. Female segment roundingly produced, posterior margin shallowly emarginate. Length 5 mm. A grass-feeding species found in open fields and especially on Spartina michauxiana in swampy pastures. Abundant during early summer and autumn. New Haven, 25 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). T. fitchii Van Duzee. (Fig. Io, 4.) Ent. Amer., vi, 133, 1890. Yellow to pale brown, vertex obtusely angled, four black spots just above margin, pronotum with about five longitudinal stripes. Elytra pale brownish, veins yellow. Female segment rounded either side to a median excavation forming a small notch either side of a broad median tooth. Length 4.5 mm. Very common in swamps, wet meadows and pastures on coarse grasses throughout the summer. New Haven, a July, 3 Oct., 4 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 6 Aug., 1922 (uel OWE) ast ‘Haven, 29 July, 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 257 5ept., 1921.( B. H, W.); >. Madison, 24 Sept., 19022);CB. cel Wee T. nigrifrons (Forbes). Cuicadula nigrifrons Forbes. T. per- punctata Van Duzee. Rept. Ill. St. Ent., xiv, 67, 1884. Vertex obtusely angled, yellow with a row of six black spots above margin continuing to extend over margin to front and before the eyes. Face usually black by coalescing arcs. Elytra tinged with green, often smoky. Length 5 mm. Very abundant on grasses apparently more so in wet areas, but 138 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. has been taken on cultivated grasses and grains in upland areas and frequents pastures and meadows. New Haven, 16, 21, 31 Oct., 4, 9 Nov., 1903 (H. L. V.); 22 June, 1912 (at light); 3 Oct, 1920 (B. H. W.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.); Wethersfield, 24 June, 1913 (L. B. R.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 3 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Wilton, 19 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 24 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Madison, 24-Septs, 102215: EW.) T. inornatus Van Duzee. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xix; 303, 1802. Pale green to yellow, unmarked. Vertex strongly angled in front. Ocelli black, elytra greenish, hyaline. Female segment with posterior margin slightly waved or truncated. Length 5- 5.5 mm. Taken in large numbers from wild rye from June to September. A common Calamagrostis meadow species. New Haven, 22 Sept., 1920, 9 July, 1921 (B. H. W.) ;° Madison, 24 Sept., FO221( Bs Ele We T. placidus Osborn. Rept, Ni Y.-St. Ent) xx,/536, 1005. Orange-yellow, rather short and broad, head very blunt, scarcely angled, without definite markings. Female segment rather deeply and broadly excavated, a very broad short tooth at its .apex. Length 5 mm. A northern form feeding on coarse grasses in moist areas during August. T. cypraceus Osborn. Proc. lay Acad. Sei... vs 245;01008: Pale yellowish brown with reddish fuscous stripes. Vertex with four black transverse dashes on margin, a broad longitudinal fuscous band on vertex next either eye extending across pronotum to basal angles of scutellum, and a narrow one often more reddish from apex of vertex to disc of scutellum. Elytra fuscous with white veins. Length 5-5.5 mm. Common in swamps on tall coarse sedges. Swept from Scirpus- Cyperus association, July, August and September. Madison, 24: Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.). Chlorotettix Van Duzee. Vertex broad, usually broadly rounded or obtusely angled, a little longer at middle than next the eyes, vertex rounding to front without a definite margin. Elytra long, appendix well developed, venation obscure. Usually of a uniform green or yellowish green with few markings. Key to Species. 1. Vertex with anterior margin rounded, usually broadly curved, the length at middle equaling or slightly exceeding length next the A en i A SO Ob a Saba tio 20 2c 2 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 139 Anterior margin of vertex distinctly but usually bluntly angulate, at least one-third longer on the middle than next the eyes ....... 2. General color lighter, pale green or yellowish .........4......-.- General color sordid green, usually very dark with brownish cast tergatus 3. Female, last ventral segment notched but without spatulate process 4 Female, last ventral segment broadly notched, a broad spatulate process extending backward from its apex. Male plates long URAC ALI MEAD ETITIOU Is Sere iscesee viel anes bctve leceud/ ele Serene a tay spatulatus 4. Size large, 7.5mm., female segment evenly, somewhat concavely and rather deeply notched, male plates long and produced ..unicolor Size smaller, 6-7 mm., apple-green in coler, female segment broadly notched each side with a short blunt lateral tooth; male plates VemVveISHOLty PLOAdIy,iTOUNGE, -: 4.4... slo scse.c vic eis eae em I oe viridius GumGeneral colon Streenish, without color markings... 2 7.2 00G8 6 Distinctly reddish brown in color, vertex with a transverse band aeLoscmmiddie; between tle EYES 46.0... 4/ ln es weaeis acine wen lusotius 6. Female segment notched, bearing a spatulate process at its apex, NSTM OAL e ptRMA Naar oye cee ah Mel hc! Sic fete! ala' es oe siete Sins ace os Neen Ree eae ROE REE balli Female segment without a spatulate process .............0..000- 7, Female segment with lateral lobes broad and rounded; male valve broad and obtusely angled. Length 6 to 6.5mm. ....... galbanatus Female segment black margined, notched at center; broadly shallowly, emarginate either side; male valve rather narrow, andmeroundeds. Went Zab mints, <<< los cd cic sa-ales Dela esse wee nudatus C. unicolor (Fitch). Bythoscopus unicolor Fitch. (Fig. 10, 3.) Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 58, 1851. Large, uniformly green without definite markings. Vertex well rounded in front, two and one-half times as broad as long. Female segment rather long, broadly and shallowly notched. Length 7.5 mm. Common in the north and throughout New England on Blue- grass and allied grasses in pastures and meadows throughout the summer. New Haven, 20, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); 3 Oct., 1902 (B. H. W.); 16 oe MOOSE CEn Vi.) > ET, 16, 20, 27, 31 July 18) (22 Ano eoZzo (B: H. W.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.); East Hartford, 13 Aug., 1906 CB. 7H: ae Yal esville, 16 Oct., 1906 (W. E. B.); Hamden, 18, 24 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); East Haven, 21 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Danbury, 29 Aug., 1920 (B. A. W.) ; Branford, 21 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Gormwall 18 July, 1921 (B:,H. W.); Guilford, 24 July, 1921 (BH W.)); North Branford, 5 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 6 Aug., 1922 (BiH W:). C. spatulatus Osborn and Ball. Proc: la. Acad. Sci., iv, 225, 1897. In general appearance resembling umicolor but usually a more yellowish green, uniformly colored and without markings. Head well rounded before. Female segment deeply excavated, bearing a long spatulate process at the apex. Length 7 mm. Often found in company with unicolor, in grassy pastures and meadows. It resembles so closely in size and color this species that they are easily confused in the field. New Haven, 23 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 4 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.). 140 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. C. tergatus (Fitch). Bythoscopus tergatus Fitch. Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 58, 1851. Size and form of umicolor but with a dark sordid green color, elytra smoky. Head broadly rounded on anterior margin. Female segment with a broad V-shaped notch extending half way to the base, lateral lobes rounded. Length 7mm. | Common on grasses in moist areas during July, August and September. Salisbury, 30 Aug., 1904 (W. E. B.); Cornwall, 10 Aug., 1018 (B. H. W.); Kent, 10 Aug., 1918 (M. P. Z.); New Haven; 22 Sept tors (F. H..L.); 16, 27 July, 3 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Durham, 10 Aug. 1022 (M, P..Z.); East Hartford, 13 Aug., 1906 (B: H. W.);- North Haven! 4 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.); also from Branford without specific date. C. viridius Van Duzee. Psyche, vi, 309, 1892. With rounded vertex, but smaller than allied round-headed species, and with a uniform apple-green color. Female segment broadly excavated almost to base, each side of incisure bearing a short obtuse tooth at middle. Male plates triangular and. trans- verse. Length 6-7 mm. A common pasture species throughout the southern states and often occurs in small numbers in the north. Guilford, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.); Milford (George Dimmock). C. galbanatus Van Duzee. Psyche, vi, 310, 1802. Yellowish green with obtusely angled vertex, a half longer at middle than next the eyes. Female segment long, a rather broad lingulate incisure reaches nearly to base forming a broad, rounded lobe either side. Length 6-6.5 mm. A common pasture and meadow species throughout New Eng- land, June to September. West Haven, 27 June, New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); 27 June, 1908 (W. E. B.); 22 Sept:, 1018: (Ff. -H. L.); 31 July, 8 Aus{yz2esenes 1920 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 22 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.); Bridgeport 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.) >. Nerth Branford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 5 July, 1920 (P. G.); Marl- borough, 15 July, 1922 (B. H. W.) ; North Haven, 4 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Windham, 3 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.). C. balli Osborn. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., v, 246, 1898. Easily distinguished from all others by the obtusely angled head and the female spatulate process. Vertex one-half longer on middle than next eyes. Uniform yellowish green without mark- ings. Female segment notched and bearing a spatulate process. Length 7-7.25 mm. Usually occurs in more abundance in sheltered areas on grasses, ~ but has frequently been taken in open fields. Winnipauk, 4 Aug., 1908 (C. W. J.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 141 C. lusorius (Osborn and Ball). Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., iv, 226, 1897. Vertex one-half longer on middle than at eyes. Olive-brown with a faint crescentiform band between eyes. Brownish tinged with red, especially on elytra. Female segment emarginate pos- teriorly, with a broad, angular, dark-margined median tooth half as long as acutely rounding lateral angles. Length 7-8 mm. Found on coarse grasses during July and August, but always in open woods or sheltered areas. From collecting observations it seems to be a woodland species. New Haven, 30 July, 1909 (B. H. W.); 22 Sept., 1918 (D. M. D.); 20 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 3 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); North Banford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Portland, 25 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W ); Cornwall, 10 Aug., 1918 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 25 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 6 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.). C. nudatus Ball. Can. Ent., 32, 340, 1900. A large species of the genus with vertex twice longer on middle than next the eyes. Pale green with some brownish areas on pronotum, scutellum and elytra. Female last ventral segment with posterior border dark margined, a notch at center and a shallow emargination either side divides the segment into four lobes. Lateral angles prominent. Male valve narrow, roundingly angu- late; plates broad at base, three times the length of the valve, gradually narrowed to acute, slightly produced tips. A grass-feeding species with a southern distribution. The collecting of this species in Connecticut establishes a very intcrest- ing and unique record. It is apparently distributed along the Atlantic cvastal area. Windham, 3 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.). Jassus Fabricius. Coelidia Germar. Deridna Walker. Head narrower than pronotum, vertex broadly curved, quadrate, rounding to front. Pronotum very short, emarginate posteriorly, scutellum large, triangular, very wide at base. Apex of elytra broadly rounded. J. olitorius Say. (Fig. 10, 8 and 15.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vi, 310, 1831. Head blunt and rounded, vertex yellow, pronotum brownish, a dark stripe on either side of a median pale stripe. Basal angles of scutellum and two spots on disc black. Elytra brown, a pale band before middle of clavus and one across apex otf anteapical cells. Male with pronotum, scutellum and elytra darker than in female. Length, male 6mm., female 7.5 mm. 142 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. A shrub-feeding species often collected from sassafras during July, August and September. New Haven, 5 Aug., 1904; 21 Aug., 1906; 28 Aug., 1908 (B. H. W.); 30 Aug., 1909, 7 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.); 3 Aug., 1909 (A. I, BD; 280A 1o13°(L.. B. R.); 5 Aug. 1020 CB. EeaWw):. East Hartford, 13 Aug., 1906 (B. H. W.); Westville, 9 Sept., 1907 (CW. E. B:)); Lyme4ze Aug.., 1910 (B. H. W.); Wallingford, 27 Aug., Lo10) CD ae €); Hartford, 16 Aug., 1911, Stamford, 16 Aug, 1912 (W. E. (Bas Portland, 12. Aug.) 1013 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 3 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W. Vs Cornwall, 23 Aug., 1920 (K..F. C.); Hamden,’6 Aus.; 1922 (B: H.-W); Kentiro Aug., 1918 (B. H. ee North Branford, 1 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 6 Aug. (B. H. W.). Neocoelidia Gillette and Baker. Short and robust, head narrower than pronotum, short, rather bluntly conical. Pronotum short and broad, scutellum large. Elytra broad with four apical cells, appendix wanting, first sector branched once on apical two-thirds. N. tumidifrons Gillette and Baker. (Fig. 10, 14.) Hemip. Col., 104, 1895. Robust, uniformly pale yellowish or greenish, often tinged with orange. Basal angles of scutellum usually with black spots. Length 3.5-4.5 mm. Lives in pastures and grassy areas where it is swampy or very moist during June, July and August. North Branford, 12 June, 1921, 16 June, 1922 (B. H. W.). Paracoelidea Baker. With about the same characters as found in the preceding genus, but the clypeus here is tuberculate and the wings are long as in Thamnotettix. One species has been described in this genus. P. tuberculata Baker. Can. Ent., xxx, 292, 1808. Vertex produced and subacute, yellowish, elytra subhyaline with internal margin and apex slightly infuscated. Female segment truncated. Male valves long, tapering, plates ois at tips. Length 5 mm. Common on pine in New England. Massachusetts is cited as a type locality, and since it occurs on Long Island and in New Jersey will undoubtedly be found on pines at intervening points. Cicadula Zetterstedt. Macrosteles Fieber. Thamnus Fieber. Limotettix Sahlberg. Vertex slightly obtusely angled or rounded at apex, longer on middle than next eyes and rounding to front. Elytra exceeding a No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 143 abdomen, with distinct. appendix, outer branch of first sector usually wanting. Most of the species which belong here have two broods with perhaps a partial third. With the exception of one or two which are shrub-feeders, they apparently feed almost exclusively on herbaceous plants. A few are common on Juncus, one or two feed on /mpatiens and others apparently live on grasses and sedges and seem to prefer moist habitats. Key to Species. 1. Small, less than 5mm. in length, usually with several markings on VG TAGS Neer ate eitort ou celeliaire s/(ariel's atie'-si.e' t)'s. es. were: o.3 se veg. ol lest ohetore re Rane oer ene oneae Rene aspemee ome 2 Larger, more than 5mm. in length, vertex with two large black spots close to margin, a pair in basal angles of scutellum, elytra mastially, with a striped appearance ......5.00dec eects punctifrons PRES MECCIESVAVELASE) SIZE 4-5 ITI. s.0 ayers ois cos 8 6 oe wibise Sicre oleae a tna ae 3 SPeClesPMlNUtewleSS MAM. SMI. ..4. 6. sds wis to edeiggc at elatele ee ete 6 3. Vertex with four or six black marks on or above margin ......... 4 Vertex with only two round black spots located just above margin, usually an arcuate band on pronotum, parallel to and just back of HOVE STON TTER Co Lat Ana A eM MPR rs SCR arcuata 4. Vertex with two round black spots on margin and two round spots CIOSEMLOMDASC Ey a leit Set tele doceie a's a 2elso 6. Since Wan 61gid See: OR ne nueae Vertex with six marks in pairs, usually a pair of transverse spots or dashes on margin, a pair just above margin, and a pair of HOMMUBOMESMNCA A DASCU IE che Sc gicec as « lel w 4s cane ve Te reo sex—notata 5. With only four spots on vertex, elytra extremely variable in color- ation, usually with dark blotches. (Fig. 10, Io and 13.) ..... variata With four spots and an additional small one on the margin next SMMC IRVIN er ese eats Sale Sone viv ecw idicta 6.86 dave ste etaLMnyaee nis Sateeane lepida 6. Vertex yellow with six or more spots often partially fused. A pair of black spots in angles of scutellum, elytra mottled ........ slossoni Vertex dark fuscous with yellow markings, scutellum dark on disc, Bre ONvaeMMAT OTC ate Vioriia/ w 6,0ld! elo 'e savas ole 5 0'4 ei eevee cueretosevenaeeye potoria C. punctifrons (Fallen). Cicada punctifrons Fallen. Hemip. Suec. Cicad., 42, 1826. Larger than the other species, pale greenish yellow with two large black spots on vertex just back of margin, nearer to eyes than median line. Tips of elytra slightly infuscated. Often swept from willows on which it no doubt feeds. Common from June to September. Length 6 mm. C. punctifrons var. repleta Fieber. C. punctifrons var. americana Van Duzee. Revue d’Ent., iv, 49, 1885. As in preceding but with more coloration. Face and disc of pronotum infuscated, basal angles of pronotum each with a large black spot. Inner half of elytra dark with pale veins, giving it an obliquely striped appearance. Length 5.5-6 mm. C. variata (Fallen). Cicada variata Fallen. Jassus fumatus Herrich-Schaeffer. (Fig. 10, 10 and 13.) Acta Holm, xxvii, 34, 1806. 144 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Head produced but with apex rounded and varying extremely in color. Always with four black spots on vertex, two large ones on margin and two usually smaller behind on disc, one either side of median line. Pronotum and elytra usually mottled but varying to a uniform black in extreme cases. Scutellum yellow, basal angles black. Length 4 mm. A common and abundant species occurring on Impatiens in moist habitats throughout the summer. Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.), on Impatiens; New Haven, 22 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 4 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.); Cornwall, To July, 1021 (Cb. El eW 2) C. lepida Van Duzee. Can. Ent., xxvi, 139, 1894. Resembling variata with two black spots on margin and two on - disc of vertex, but with an additional spot next either eye on margin. Elytra usually greenish or slightly mottled. Length 3.5-4 mm. Often found with the preceding on /mpatiens in very moist, usually wooded areas, where this plant is found in abundance, June to September. New Haven, 3 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.), on Impatiens; Orange, 17 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 6 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.); Fairfield, 26 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 4 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 2 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). C. arcuata Gillette and Baker. Hemip. Col., 105, 1895. Vertex produced and rounded at apex, yellowish, two large black spots above margin nearer eyes than apex. Pronotum with an arcuate, black line nearly parallel to anterior margin. Elytra pale greenish hyaline, nervures yellow. Length 4.5-4.75 mm. Feeds on herbaceous vegetation. No definite food plant is known apparently. It is doubtful whether this species occurs in New England, but is reported for New York. C. sexnotata (Fallen). Cicada sexnotata Fallen. C. quadrs lineata Forbes. (Fig. 9, 10.) Acta Holm, xxvii, 34, 1906. Vertex produced but rounded at apex, always marked with six more or less distinct black spots. A pair of transverse ones on margin, another pair transverse above these and between eyes, and a pair of small round ones near base. Basal angles of scutellum often marked with black. Elytra green, smoky at apices, venation paler. Length 4 mm. A cosmopolitan feeder taken usually on herbaceous plants and common on grasses in pastures and meadows throughout the summer. It is often a pest on cultivated grasses and truck crops. New Haven, 16, 19, 21 Oct., 9 Nov., 1903 (H. L. V.); 6 June, 10916 (B. H. W.) ;' 10, 14 June, 7, 20, 20 July; 22 Sept., 3 Oct., 1020 (B. He WOE Cromwell, 27 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Branford, 20 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 145 21 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); East River, 10 July, 1909 (C. R. E.); Yalesville, 19 Oct., 1903 (H. L. V.) ; Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, ZOreine., 1620) ((B. E. W.) ;’. New Canaan, 3°\Sept.) 1920), (BY Hi W.)’: Stratford, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Waterbury, 15 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.); Orange, 2 June, 1920 (W. E. B.); ea a 24nsept, 1921 (B.. H.W) Piainvalle2 Sepe. )1021 C. slossoni Van Duzee. Can. Ent., xxv, 281, 1803. A small robust species with blunt head. Arcs on front, a pair of transverse spots at margin and two pairs irregular in shape above these, black. These are often fused on vertex, causing an almost black coloration. Scutellum with disc and basal angles marked with black. Elytra mottled. Length 2.5-3 mm. Common on Juncus in wet pastures, but apparently occurs only in this habitat. New Haven, 20 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 12 June, 1921 « (eats vey _C. potoria Ball. Can. Ent., xxxii, 346, 1900. Vertex nearly right-angled, apex conical, dark fuscous, the margins a median line and two dashes on either side, yellow. Pronotum and scutellum fuscous, yellow-margined, elytra long milky subhyaline sometimes mottled. Length 2.2-2.5 mm. A swamp or wet pasture species feeding on Juncus and Eleo- charis and always found in a restricted habitat. Balclutha Kirkaldy. Elongate, slender, vertex very short, almost parallel margined, obtuse and rounded before. Head not wider than pronotum, usually narrower and pronotum strongly produced and rounded forward from humeral angles, concave posteriorly. Elytra greatly exceeding abdomen with a well-defined appendix, and the outer branch of the first sector wanting. Key to Species. 1. Elytra without markings, colored some shade of green or yellow 2 Elytra marked with black spots or irregular blotches ........ punctata 2. Robust bright green. Length 4mm. ...........-se eee ee eee, osborni Smaller, 3.5mm. in length, dull or pale green, often with elytra TRIE G URW en Geen enamine re said do tlos odcoos'cc impicta B. punctata (Thunberg). Cicada punctata Thunberg. LEupteryx clypeata Curtis. Cicadula spreta Zetterstedt. Typhlocyba rosea Provancher. Typhlocyba jacosa Provancher. Acta Upsala, iv, 21, 1782. Vertex obtusely produced in front, dull green, yellow or tinted with red. Vertex, pronotum and scutellum often marked with black or fuscous in the form of longitudinal lines. Elytra with black spots arranged in two oblique bands. Length 3.5-4 mm. 146 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. f Bull. Very common on herbaceous vegetation in pastures, meadows and undergrowth in woodland areas. New Haven, 16 Oct., 1903 (H:-L: V.); 4 June, rorr (BY A. WD) Sept., 1918 (D. M. D.); 20 May, 1920 (B. H. W.); Yalesville, 19 Oct.; 1903 (H. L. V.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 ‘((B:." H? W.):-) sHamdenss2o June, 1920 (B. H. W.); Huntington, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Killing- worth, 31 May, 1920 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 30 May, 1920 (B. H. W.); Cornwall, 5 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); Milford, 2 May, 1921 (B. H. W.); Plainville, 2 Sept, 1921 CB. HO W..). B. osborni Van Duzee. Gnathodus viridis Osborn. Check List Hemip., 75, 1916; N. Y. St. Ent.; xx, 541, roos. A moderately large green species resembling closely green speci- mens of punctatus but without dark markings. Vertex a little pro- duced and obtuse. Deep green, vertex and scutellum often yellowish, elytra pale hyaline, nervures dark green to clavus, apex smoky. Length 3.5-4 mm. Common on grasses in pastures and meadows. Apparently prefers moist areas. New Haven, 18, 29, 31 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 6 Aug., 1922 (B. H..W.). B. impicta (Van Duzee). Guathodus wnpictus Van Duzee. (Pig. 970 > Aig. 10,31 ts) Can. Ent, xxiv, 213) .1802: Dull green to gray, often with a smoky tint. Head and prono- tum usually tinted with green or fuscous, elytra whitish or smoky, subhyaline, nervures indistinct. Head very blunt and rounded, narrower than pronotum. Length 3.5 mm. Common in pastures and meadows throughout the summer and occurs abundantly in New England. Reported from Connecticut without specific data. \ Eugnathodus Baker. Vertex not produced, almost transverse and parallel inairgine wider than pronotum which is truncated or slightly convex pos- teriorly and broadly gently curved in front. Elytra with appendix distinct, and outer branch of first sector wanting. E, abdominalis (Van Duzee). Gnathodus abdominalis Van Duzee! (Pig. 10,129) Can. Ent.2xxiv, 113), 1602: Vertex rounded, parallel margined, scarcely produced before eyes. Greenish white, pronotum and scutellum often tinged with fuscous or marked with longitudinal lines. Elytra whitish, sub- hyaline often smoky at apex. Length 3 mm. A pasture and meadow’ form, sometimes swept from shrubs. Common and abundant over large areas and easily confused with the Typhlocybint because of its fragile character. Hamden, 23 Oct., 1921 (B. H. W.); North Haven, 24 Sept., ro2r GB. Ee W..): \ No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 147 Tribe TYPHLOCYBINI. Eupteryginae. The chief characters which-separate this group are used in the preceding key. The frequent absence of the ocelli and the un- branched condition of the sectors which extends to the apical cells before dividing or giving off cross nervures, so that no anteapical cells are formed, are characteristic of the following species. Although this group is composed of the smallest and most fragile of the entire family, it contains some of greatest economic impor- tance which are known for their damage from coast to coast. Key to Genera. 1. Posterior wings with sectors ending in a marginal vein. (Fig. 14, TIO), G10), AEE As Bestest ae a PALATES. tk. 2 Posterior wings without marginal vein, sectors extending to wing Aaya CEOs TARISC OD 7Dz)" :c.4:s0sia.c ol oreilelo tale toidres aeeeee Maeno 4 2. Elytra with well-defined appendix. (Fig. 14, 1c.) ..... Alebra, p. 147 Mivimagwatnout appendix, Chig. 14, 3c; 4b.) 22... se aesioelnte 3 3. Posterior wing with two apical cells. (Fig. 14, 3b.) Dikraneura, p. 148 Posterior wing with one apical cell. (Fig. 14, 4a.) Empoasca, p. 151 4. First two sectors of posterior wing uniting so that only three veins extendmto wing margin. | (Fig. 14) 6b, 7b.)>..64 25 eke oe wee eee 5 Posterior wing with all four sectors ending in the wing margins. (CIRTEEZ, TEAL. GTO) i ace CR Cet nna amare eee Se Typhlocyba, p. 155 5. Elytra with outer sector not uniting in any part with middle sector; a common cross vein between them forming base of oblong apical NIL. (CURIE YG TS. CD VA ae ena Erythroneura, p. 159 Elytra with outer and middle sectors uniting for a short distance, posterior to cross veins, thus forming a triangular apical cell. (TENGE, TEAL aR) lah ISN etn Pe Empoa, p. 157 Alebra Fieber. Characterized by the blunt feebly curved, parallel-margined head, which is narrower than pronotum, the elytra with a distinct appendix and the wing with a marginal vein. Key to Species. 1. Entirely orange-yellow or white with yellowish elytral suture, NGMOUECG ATIC MIATATIO'S ucla 7s o'Snedys ja Siaiece.» @/o/'elo onl er eee albostriella Darikainycolor or pale’ with dark markings 20003240 eee eel 2 2. White to yellow, a brownish area on tip of clavus and scutellum and disc of pronotum brownish ......... albostriella var. wahlbergi Deep smoky to black, especially clavus and tips of elytra dark, face SO WVAS Hyatt eeehe Gials Screr Ss a cl's oe Slee! sieve /eyeiercfe alee teen fumidus A. albostriella (Fallen). Cicada albostriella Fallen. Cicada elegantula Zetterstedt. Typhlocyba pallidula Walsh. (Fig. Dnt. sce) Hemip. Suec., Cicad., 54, 1826. Head blunt, rounded and parallel-margined, white or pale yellow, often with a yellow stripe along suture. Tarsi black and tips of elytra smoky. Length 4 mm. 148 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. More often found on shrubs, but sometimes taken from herba- ceous plants. It is usually present in good numbers on linden. New Haven, 4 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.). A. albostriella var. fulveola (Herrich-Schaeffer). Typhlocyba aurea Walsh. Fauna Germ., cxiv, No. 16, 18309. Many of the preceding are a uniform orange-yellow in color, and are placed under this varietal name. Occurs with the preceding. New Haven, 26 June, 8 July, 1912 (at light); Hamden, 29 June, 1913 (B. H. W.) (on linden); 5 July, 1910 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 1 Aug.; 1922, (B.-H. W.) ; Elliston, 8: Aug., 1922 (B. H.W.) A. albostriella var. wahlbergi Boheman. Hemip. Homop., Br. Ids., 193, 1896. Whitish elytra with a stripe along suture, one in brachial area and another along costa yellow. Disc of pronotum, scutellum and an irregular blotch on tip of clavus brownish. The capturing of this species in Connecticut is a new American record. It is common in Europe on elm. New Haven, July 5, 1920 (B. H. W.) on elm. A. fumida Gillette. Proc. U. S. Nat: Mus) xx; 714 1808. A dark smoky color above often intermingled with yellow. Face yellow, smoky at base. Elytra darkest on clavus and at tips. Length 3.75 mm. No doubt is a shrub species as it has been taken only in sweep- ings from shrubs or undergrowth close to them, and occurs in small numbers. Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); on Crataegus. Dikraneura Hardy. Chloroneura Walsh. Form long and slender, vertex produced, usually angled, elytra without appendix, wing with submarginal nerve complete. Most of these are pasture forms, and they occur often in great numbers. One or two species have been found on shrubs and possibly feed on these. Key to Species. 1. Elytra with apical cell on costal margin lanceolate or wanting, elytra usually yellowish or greenish with more angulate vertex .. 2 Elytra with a deep triangular cell on apical margin; milky white, always with a smoky cross vein and often with red dashes on clavus and inner- coriume ee ee ee ee eee cruentata 2. Species with elytra greenish or whitish, vertex rather sharply angled. (Fig. 14,.2:) :j223 peepee erties) ok = oie a) aerstonene 3 Species with elytra yellowish, vertex bluntly angled. (Fig. 14, 3a.) 4 No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 149 3. Broad and robust, vertex broad, elytra whitish, nervure indistinct. . mali Long and very narrow, vertex very pointed, elytra greenish or above abdomen a bluish cast, head pronotum and scutellum yellowish abnormis 4. Uniform deep yellow, abdomen above black, vertex uniform yellow- BSI ete serosa felo.6 sha 2 3, a ee nn ote s ala ogee eOM Te eS flavipennis With pale yellow color, vertex usually with a distinct orange tinge GIMETIDA TG OUT ye tebe ce 2s) ye) oer sia % 6 a.s's. do ecavse cial aes CU Se ILS aes fieberi D. cruentata Gillette. Proc.U.7S. Nat. Mus., xx,717, 1808. Vertex produced, apex moderately rounded, yellow, often with a sanguineous blotch on middle, two lines on pronotum, scutellum sanguineous, a blotch on clavus and another along inner sector of corium. Red coloration frequently absent, but with elytron smoky on cross veins. Length 2.75 mm. Has been reported from alder and witchhazel as adult in early spring and late summer. D. mali (Provancher). Erythroneura mali Provancher. Dik- raneura communis Gillette. Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 298, 1890. Rather large, head produced, blunt but angled, sordid milky white; vertex, pronotum and scutellum tinged with yellow, no distinct markings above. Length 3.75 mm. A grass- and grain-feeding species, and one of our common pasture and meadow pests throughout spring and summer. West Haven, 11 May, 1905 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 22 Sept., 1918 CEepies)024 May, 1920'(B..H. W.) ; Stratford, 0 July, 1o20 (Bu: He W.); Westbrook, 21 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 10 Apr., 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Miltond 2) May: 19217 (MM; P: Z.) ; Madison, 24 Sept., 1922) (By. WW.) D. abnormis (Walsh). Chloroneura abnormis Walsh. (Fig. 14, 2.) Prec. Bost: Soc. Nat. Hist., 1x, 316, 1864. Long and very narrow, head produced, pointed but tip slightly rounded. Pale green often with two longitudinal sanguineous lines crossing vertex and pronotum. FElytra subhyaline at tips, an obscure red stripe on costa and another parallel to it half way to costa. Length 3.5 mm. A grass feeder and occasionally found in large numbers injuring grain. North Branford, 12 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). D. flavipennis (Zetterstedt). Cicada flavipennis Zetterstedt. D. armata Buckton. Fauna Lapp., 292, 1828. Vertex roundingly angled, color yellowish unmarked. Abdo- men dark, margins yellow, elytra deep yellow, apex whitish hyaline, hind tibiae with a row of distinct black spots. Length 3.75 mm. A pasture species which may occur in Connecticut. 150 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Ic . = la 3c db Q re 3a Fic. 14. (1a) Alebra albostriella Fallen,—head, dorsal view; (1b) same, wing; (Ic) same, elytron. (2) Dikraneura abnormis Walsh,—head, dorsal view. (3a) Dikraneura fieberi Loew,—head, dorsal view; (3b) same, wing; (3c) same, elytron. (4a) Empoasca obtusa Walsh,—wing; (4b) same, elytron. (5a) Typhlocyba flavoscuta Gillette,—head, dorsal view; (sb) same, elytron; (5c) same, wing. (6a) Erythroneura obliqua Say,— elytron; (6b) same, wing. (7a) Empoa querci var. gillettei Van Duzee,— elytron; (7b) same, wing; (7c) same, head, dorsal view. (8) Erythro- neura tricincta Fitch—head, dorsal view. (9) Empoasca flavescens Fabricius,—head, dorsal view. (10) Empoasca trifasciata Gillette,—head, dorsal view. All greatly enlarged, Drawing by D. M. and F. M. DeLong. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 15a D. fieberi (Loew). Notus fiebers Loew. (Fig. 14, 3a, b, c.) Kat. Ostr. Cicad.,'39, 1886. Vertex produced obtuse and rounded, yellowish with apex of vertex and base of front rather uniformly washed or spotted with orange-red. This conspicuous marking will distinguish it from others of the genus. Length 3.5 mm. A very common form throughout the summer in pastures and meadows injuring grasses. It usually occurs in such numbers as to cause severe injury. New Haven, 24 May, Io, 14 June, 11, 16 July, 8 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Waterbury, 15 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Branford, 21 July, 1920; East Haven, 21 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). Empoasca Walsh. Chlorita Fieber. Cybus Douglas. Kybos Fieber. Vertex varying from slightly produced and broadly rounding to well produced and strongly rounded, or even obtusely angled. The posterior wing with a marginal vein, one apical cell, and second apical area elongate. Species small, some shade of green, usually marked with yellow, white or red. The members of this genus are diverse in feeding habits, and while some are always found on trees or shrubs, others are found only on herbaceous plants. Most of these species occur through- out the growing season and are serious pests of fruit, grain, pasture grasses and garden crops. Key to Species. I. Vertex not produced or very slightly so, usually well rounded. (CIE TIGR, STRAY TOR) Seas Hd eer a Pa RARE elas sh 2 Vertex distinctly produced, often obtusely angled. (Fig. 14, 9.) 9 2. Elytra green with black or dark markings in form of stripes or IAIN GL GMM eRe eee NII UT kg chapvesie: 4g aioe elo 0h ater Oley A SC ane ae en eae 3 Elytra green without dark markings in form of bands ............ 3. With three transverse dark bands, one on pronotum and two on GISAINESL 5 Sa a 8 ee ere BRS Cube hic 6c trifasciata With dark stripe along elytral suture, extending upon pronotum smaragdula Vertex distinctly produced, often obtusely angled. (Fig. 14, 9.) 9 4. Last ventral segment of female produced and without incisions, or Morcued only on sides, of produced segment. ieee ys melt as 5 ast ventral segment of female notched at middle ..)0.0. 0.0.05... 7 5. Robust, green unicolorous or without dark markings ............ 6 Deep green, claval suture blue, a black spot before cross veins, vertex pronotum, and elytra marked with reddish orange ...... unica 6. Sides of last ventral segment of female incised or notched, vertex evenly rounded and with yellowish markings, length 5mm. .... aureoviridis 152 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Sides of last ventral segment of female produced but not notched or incised, vertex distinctly but slightly produced, green uni- colorous, scarcely more than=¢mmee- 4... eee obtusa 7. Female segment with a broad shallow notch the base of which is a broad blunt. tooth >. «4... PAs te ee a see Female segment with a broad U-shaped notch without a tooth, a black spot near apex of elyirayee.ue nese. - ee ere pergandei 8. Tooth long, species greenish without dark markings on elytra unicolor Tooth much shorter, elytra striped with orange-red and with black spot: before cross: Veins 425 .taance oes a «series 2 sek ee atrolabes o. Face.and vertex not red .2.2 2 seas: aw Seas eae on eee eee 10 Face and margin of vertex a dark rather bright red ......... coccinea 10. Elytra greenish or yellowish, not banded.:......:.2.....00- eee II Elytra greenish, slightly smoky with a darker band across center birdii 11: Pale green, nervures’ notuconspictous 2. ............ ces eee 12 Darker green, line on pronotum and veins of elytra conspicuously pale, tip of, elytray Smoky. ca siesta ees 6 hie 6 cre oe ree alboneura 12; Face almost'as broad as long. Ais. a. deo. 025s vie 2 oe eR ee 13 Face one-third longer tham broad! <2 4... -..2..<.. +s see viridescens 13. Pronotum with six or eight white spots along anterior margin ...mali Pronotum with three white spots or none on anterior margin flavescens E. trifasciata Gillette. (Fig. 14, 10.) Proc, U-55. Nat) Mus) xx 726; 1808: Vertex well rounded in front, color green, vertex and pronotum marked with reddish or golden yellow. A broad black band across posterior half of pronotum, another across middle of elytra and a broader one at apex. Length 4 mm. A common species but usually found only on cottonwood both as nymph and adult. Durham, 27 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Norwalk, 8 Sept., 1920 (B: Ha War On poplar; Portland, 25 June, 1922 (M. P. Z.). E. smaragdula (Fallen). Cicada smaragdula Fallen. Eupteryx viridipes Curtis. Acta Holm, 37, 1806. Vertex slightly produced, color green, a broad black stripe extending from disc of pronotum across scutellum then along elytral suture and terminating in a larger black area at apex. Length 3.5-4 mm. -Reported from willows and Crataegus, but seems to occur in greater numbers on the former during July and August. East Hartford, 16 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W:); New Haven, 1, 3 Augie Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.). On willows. EK. unicolor Gillette. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xx,°73n) 1600: Vertex broadly rounded, color yellow to green, usually with a pale median stripe and a bluish blotch next each eye. Female seg- ment rounded, with an oblique notch either side of a median blunt tooth. Length 3.5 mm. In some sections this is a severe pest of apple foliage, and is found in company with E. mali and Empoa rosae. Portland, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.), on poplar. No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 153 E. obtusa Walsh. (Fig. 14, 4a, b.) EGoc. Bost. soc. Nat, Hist., ix, 316, 1864: Resembling unicolor, vertex obtusely rounded not strongly pro- duced, greenish with tips of elytra hyaline. Female segment produced but without notch. Length 4 mm. Common on willows in early spring and summer. New Haven, 8 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.), on Salix; 18 July, 3 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Orange, 17 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (BE Ht W.). E. aureoviridis (Uhler). Typhlocyba aureoviridis Uhler. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv., iii, 474, 1877. More robust than obtusa with a more rounded and less produced vertex. Color yellowish green to golden yellow, a pale spot behind each eye on pronotum, often a median line extending across scutel- lum. Female segment strongly produced and notched or slightly incised on either side. Length 5 mm. A common willow species and rather widely distributed. New Haven, 3 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.). E. unica (Provancher). Typhlocyba unica Provancher. £. splen- dida Gillette. Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 340, 1890. Vertex slightly produced, orange-yellow anteriorly, deep blue posteriorly. Pronotum reddish orange anteriorly, and bluish pos- teriorly. Elytra reddish with a rather broad blue stripe along claval and costal veins, apex smoky subhyaline, a black spot before cross nervure of apical cell. Length 3.5 mm. Common on alder which is its food plant. Newrrlaven: 20; July) torn (A. B. C.); 22 Sept. 19018),(Di MaDe Aeon july, £ Aug. 22 Sept. 1920 (B. H. W.); Portland, 8 Aus. 1013 on ee Huntington, ) July, TOZ01 GB Ely W.); Hamden, 5 July, 1920 E. atrolabes Gillette. Proc WU. So. Nat. Mus., xx; 736, 1808. Similar to unica with duller colors, greenish golden marked with blue, segment bearing a square, abrupt notch. Elytra marked as in unica and with black spot before cross nervures. Length 3.5 mm. Found on alder throughout the summer in company with the preceding. New Haven, 3 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). E. pergandei Gillette. Vertex rounded, not produced, pale yellowish green, pronotum with whitish mottling and a broad white line on scutellum, a black spot on each elytron before cross nervure of inner apical cell. Female segment with a rather broad, gradually sloping U-shaped notch. Length 3.75 mm. 154 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Perhaps this feeds on herbaceous vegetation, as it has been taken in general sweeping in open areas. New Haven, 4 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); East Hartford, 16 Sept., 1920 CBeEEAW)):. ; E. coccinea (Fitch). Empoa coccinea Fitch. Rather small, vertex blunt, strongly rounded. Vertex, prono- tum, scutellum and face to apex of clypeus, a bright, deep red. Elytra smoky subhyaline, costal vein greenish. Very conspicu- ously marked. Length 3 mm. Recorded from pine by Dr. Fitch; although no other collector has designated where it was taken the species 1s more often found in areas where pines are abundant, and this may prove to be its food plant. E. alboneura Gillette. ProcsU. Ss NaticMs.. x2 74S aro0S: Small robust, vertex somewhat produced and pointed in front. Pale green, a longitudinal pale line across vertex, pronotum, and scutellum. Elytra with tips smoky, and all the nervures pale. Length 3 mm. From collecting records it would seem that this little species is able to feed both on shrub and herbaceous plants. E. mali (LeBaron). Tettigoma malt LeBaron. Empoa albopicta Forbes. Apple Leaf-hopper. Prairie Farmer, xiii, 330, 1853. Vertex produced, obtusely angled. Greenish to yellow with a row of six to eight white spots on anterior margin of pronotum. Length 3.25 mm. A cosmopolitan feeder being a pest of apple, alfalfa, grain and truck crops, and attributed with the carrying of fungus diseases. One of our most important pests. New Haven, 16, 31 Oct., 1903 (H..L. V.); Cornwall, 18 July ao2n (B. H. W.); Ellington, 8 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.), on apple; Hamden, 14 July, 1921 (P. G.), on potato. EK. flavescens (Fabricius). Cicada flavescens Fabricius. (Fig. 14, 9.) Ent. Syst., iv, 46, 1704. Resembling mali in size, form and color, but with three white spots or none on anterior margin of pronotum. Color bright green to yellow. Length 3.25 mm. It occupies about the same economic position as the preceding, and is found to feed on the same types of vegetation. New Haven, 10, 14 June, 31 July, 22 Sept., 30 Oct., 1920 (B. H. W.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (B. H. W.). EK. viridescens Walsh. £. consobrina Walsh. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., ix, 316, 1864. Vertex produced and rounded at apex, elytra subhyaline with a No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 155 faint greenish tinge. Face with a pale line on middle, another on middle of vertex, and one on middle of scutellum. Three spots on anterior margin of pronotum white. Length 3 mm. Perhaps very closely related to the two preceding and occurring on herbaceous plants. E. birdii Goding. Ent. News, i, 123, 1890. Vertex obtusely rounded in front, color yellow to green, a pale stripe extending across vertex and pronotum, and often scutellum. A pale spot either side of this on base of vertex and anterior por- tion of pronotum. Elytra yellow smoky crossed by a darker band at middle, sometimes fused with a dark area at base of clavus, and a spot at apex darker. Length 3 mm. | Occurs on a number of plants and shrubs, not an abundant species. Typhlocyba Germar. Eupteryx Curtis. Elongate, slender, vertex crescent-shaped, elytra exceeding abdomen, appendix wanting. Wungs without marginal vein, all four veins extending to wing margin, not fused. Only a few American species belong here and feed upon plants which, for the most part, are not of economic importance. Key to Species. 1. Milky white, elytra rounded on outer apical margin and concavely truncate toward inner margin, with radiating brown lines on PO SUC tel Ota Tel Tineper ene Seco: G.0 8 anaes ah dag aes iy Deep eee inscripta Dark in color or marked with black spots, elytra convexly rounded POSS THO VAD IO eh ake 5 diet eve é.e olave & 0's sree ly andes hae leh Ee ape 2 2. Usually brown or black in color, vertex almost uniform in color, SVAN TICES ID OP Sais mene aic: dellace dco! a's ¥ si aise me's’ stheye! eeharallel(e estate epee seme as 3 Light in color, vertex yellowish with three large black spots, two at apex and one median at base, elytra pale with infuscated areas MOM CAME VUUES I td cise «lio vo ves ic wiles > 4 chs ay. hie eet eee melissae 3. Vertex brownish with pale margin, rounded, whole insect rather UMthomn dn colon with pale markings: ....... 20.2.0 yeeeiseeee ees Vertex black, obtusely angled, pronotum and scutellum black, elytra milky white with apex and areas on corium smoky ......... vanduzei 4. Species large, 3.75 mm., anterior margin of vertex, costal margin Omelytra andrapicalinervures: pale. ....).:5 2): {cis Cie neraieceioreds nigra Smaller, 3 mm. in length, margin of vertex, costal margin of elytra, a median oblong spot on pronotum crossing scutellum, and a broken commissural line along elytral suture, often shown by SMOES HOMILY VEL OWi oie. viusa sicee od ais ae 5 ee: « averanetalle een eee flavoscuta T. melissae Curtis (cited as T. collina Flor. by Van Duzee). Eupteryx quinquemaculata Baker. Hemip. Homop. Br. Ids., 204, 1896. Vertex produced, strongly rounded, two large black spots above apex and a large round black one at base. General color pale 156 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. green, pronotum with two central black spots at base, a small one and a curved line behind each eye. Elytra greenish hyaline, smoky at tips, nervures pale and a few cells spotted with fuscous. Length 3 mm. A common form on catnip, sage and other Labiates. An Euro- pean species, now known to occur in the United States both on Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Granby, 10 Sept., 1909 (W. E. B.) (on sage). T. vanduzei (Gillette). Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xx, 748, 1808. Vertex produced, scarcely angled, black in color. Pronotum and scutellum black, elytra milky white, smoky at tips, often a dark area along middle of costa. Length 3.75 mm. Occurs on ferns in New England in July and perhaps August. Cromwell, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.), on ferns. T. flavoscuta (Gillette). (Fig. 14, 5.) Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xx, 749, 1808. Vertex produced, bluntly rounded at apex. General color smoky above, yellow beneath. Face, anterior margin of vertex, median spot on posterior portion of pronotum, scutellum, costal and inner margins of elytra yellow. Length 3 mm. On ferns in wooded areas during July and August. Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); East Haven, 21 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Huntington, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 11 July, 1920 (B. H. W.), on ferns; Corn- wall, 5 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). T. nigra (Osborn). Rept. N. Y. St. Ent. xx7543, 1005. Vertex bluntly rounded, more robust than others of the group, black above anterior margin of vertex and costal margin, broadly yellow just before apex, which is smoky with nervures pale. Length 3.75 mm. Taken only in shaded areas in woodland from ferns in cool moist habitats during July and August. Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 11- July, FO20; CB... W. ); Portland, 25 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Huntington, 9 July, 2020 (5: E.. W..)), *T. inscripta Sanders and DeLong. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 24, 99, 1922. Milky white washed with yellow, elytra with a large central area on apical cross veins dark brown, from which brown lines radiate along veins to apex, costa and corium. Elytra with outer apical margin rounded, then concavely truncate toward inner margin. Female last ventral segment four times as long as preceding, posterior margin roundingly excavated one-third the distance to the base, either side of a broad, central rounded tooth one-third No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 157 as broad as the segment and equaling in length the lateral angles. Male valve more than twice as long as last ventral segment, pos- terior margin with broad V-shaped notch extending from the lateral angles one-third the distance to the base. Plates narrower than valve and twice longer, margins almost parallel, tips broadly rounded. This species was recently described from material collected in New Haven and also material collected in Kew Gardens, London, England, by Prof. J. G. Sanders. New Haven, on pear; July 6, 1920 (B. H. W.), type material; 4 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); 19 June, 1921 (P. G.). Empoa Fitch. Anomia Fieber. Typhlocyba Sahlberg. Vertex very blunt in front, produced but scarcely angled. Ely- tral venation distinct as given in key with apical cell formed between outer and middle sectors, triangular. As a rule the species are rather pale in color with few dull markings. This group of pale species are mostly shrub-feeding and a few are pests of shrubbery and fruit trees. All have two or more broods a season. Key to Species. 1. White or yellow with bands or spots on the vertex, pronotum or GIRAEEY cas b A Oe Cee OC aa SS Dc 2 White, yellow or greenish without dark markings ............... 2. Elytra not banded, but with a transverse row of dark blotches MEROGEMEMECYCLOSSHVICINISH) fo. suc. ccc w ctavs'e 2 a/c cS lale sle-ocie ohne Sere oe Renee 3 Wihitish wath transverse band across elytra .........0)..24048 querci 3. Pronotum with a dark spot on middle of anterior margin ........ ulmi Pronotum without black markings on anterior margin ...... tenerrima AMR YAe OW OTRWLICE HIT) COLOR 5) 4.0.55 cscs 66 o's 0 90's 4 slap shore wucebe deiner SminomnnOncemSlanit COLO <6... 2 6 50 sss sis oe ook cleteren cue eee seneeens fabae cee Stiipaurous or orange-yellow, wnmarked .....2... 000.0000 lethierryi Wenynpalenyellow, on: white; unmarked |... ..:.4..4 2.2). Sais ee rosae E. querci Fitch. Oak Leaf-hopper. (Fig. 8, 5.) Hiomop) IN. -Y. St. ‘Cab., 63, 1851. Creamy white to yellowish with three blackish spots in a trans- verse row just before cross nervures of elytra. Length 4 mm. Usually occurring on oak, but often taken from other trees and shrubs. New Haven, 19 June, 1922 (B. H. W.). E. querci var. gillettei Van Duzee. Typhlocyba bifasciata Gillette and) Baker.) (Pig. 14, 7.) Cat. Hemip.; Hemip. Col., iii, 1895. As in quercs, yellowish, but with a broad smoky transverse band just in front of middle and another just before cross nervures. Length 4 mm. 158 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. It occurs in abundance on wild cherry during July and August. New Haven, 26 June, 8 July, 1912 (at light); Hamden, 29 June, 1913 (B. H. W.) (on linden) ; Manchester, 16 Sept., 1920 (B. H. W.). E. ulmi (Linnaeus). Cicada ulmi Linnaeus. Elm Leaf-hopper. Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, i, 439, 1758. Yellow, vertex with two black spots on anterior margin and a spot on anterior margin of pronotum. Elytra slightly infuscated on cross nervures, tergum black. Length 3.75 mm. Originally taken from elm, but it seems to occur on other vege- tation also. E. tenerrima (Herrich-Schaeffer). Typhlocyba tenerrima Her- rich-Schaeffer. Typhlocyba rubi Hardy. Typhlocyba misella Boheman. Fauna Germ., cxxiv, No. 10a; clxiv, No. 16, 1834. Yellowish with greenish tint, very slender, a transverse row of dusky blotches on the elytra just before cross nervures. Part of cross nervures black. Length 3 mm. A shrub species, on hazel, and occasionally on alder during the summer. New Haven, 21 June, 1922 (B. H. W.). E. lethierryi (Edwards). Typhlocyba_ lethterrys Edwards. Typhlocyba rosae Wirschbaum. Ent. Mon. Mag., xvii, 224, 1881. Form and size of rosae, but is a uniform sulphurous or orange- yellow without dark markings. Apex of elytra pale. Length 3.5 mm. Reported from elm, but is found on maple and other trees in small numbers. New Haven, 8 July, 1912 (at light). K. rosae (Linnaeus). Cicada rosae Linnaeus. Typhlocyba pteri- dis Dahlbom. Rose Leaf-hopper. Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, i, 439, 1758. Pale yellow to milky white, without dark markings above. The tarsi, tip of proboscis and eyes usually brown. Upper portion of face often darker. Length 3.25-3.5 mm. A very common and destructive pest on roses and frequently feeds on apple foliage so as to cause severe injury. Yalesville, 19 Oct., 19003 (H. L. V.);. New Haven, 3 Octagreee (B. H. W.); 16, 31 Oct., 19003. (H. L:.V.); .27 June, 1916 (B. Bawa 4 Aug., 30 Oct., 19020 (B. H. W:); Orange, 15 Sept., 1920 (B. eae Guilford, 17 July, 1920 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 4 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). E. fabae (Harris). Tettigonia fabae Harris. Bean-Vine Leaf- hopper. Rept. Ins. Mass., 186, 1841. Flead crescent-shaped, the male with two long thin recurved plates. Color uniformly pale green, the wings and wing covers transparent and colorless. Hind tarsi bluish. Length 3.5 mm. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADELLIDAE. 159 Originally described as a pest of beans, but no doubt occurs on other forms of vegetation as do others of this group. A rather uncommon form, and perhaps is an Empoasca. Bastuuiniver, 6. Aug, 1908 ((C, R.. E.):) New “Haven.7 Jiuly,, 1000 GBH W:):. Erythroneura Fitch. Zygina Fieber. Idia- Fieber. Vertex Be tide distinctly but rather bluntly angled, with apex usually slightly rounded. Elytra with apical cell between outer and middle sectors quadrate, elongate, the sectors joined by a cross nervure. Usually brightly colored. Among the species belonging here are several very destructive to vineyards and known as “grape leaf-hoppers.” Some of these are found only occasionally or in limited areas, others are pests and are widespread and distributed over the entire United States. As a group they hibernate as adults under leaves in wooded areas, or under the rough loose bark of shade and fruit trees, and can be found almost anytime during the winter by pulling off the loose bark or sifting among the leaves. Most of these are pale with bright color markings. Key to Species. Fee vitaout three distinct transverse bands ......... 04.5 o0ne4 celenls 2 With three distinct transverse dark bands, one crossing pronotum PUIG MWVOMCHOSSINO MW ClVELAy 20. fis ces o'c's ciliate a. 0s Bins Rhee eas tricincta 2. Almost entire coloring concentrated on elytra before cross nervures 3 Coloring not concentrated on basal portion of elytra, often pale RTA MAMISHM UNE MTATATE RATIONS vig seittccl a Gus g.-cle « coaua, o. o.ave 4 svac dio erp eee aurea ean | SME SOLOnATIOM DTOMt Peis ccc cie's co as cowl ete a oa b God able opal © artes nui Coloration in form of a basal brown transverse band on elytra .. comes var. basilaris Ave base or elytra, almost solidly and uniformly red 2.2). 5.2. Basejot elytra, entirely flecked with red ..... 2.01. 02 shcshe trifasciata Saeltead-and: pronotum without red markings .......2. 2... Head and pronotum marked with red, basal two-thirds of elytra red crevecoeuri 6. Costal areas and a large round spot at middle of elytra on com- AUMMSS UME ITGIE He WWTT EE! Holts & coc vies os: 6's, 6 4.0. 6.800 b: o lec ch eRe ene eRe aCe hartii Bivtral without commissural white spot -...«......2. so." tunicarubra Foaelvina wathout black Spot on cOrilIm ... .:...4.. .1.... oe. eee 3 2.. Crest highest ‘in’ front;:2e so aeeiee oe nee eee declivata Crest highest. in*middile (ane aren eee ee se a ee pbarbata 3. Hind margin of crest perpendicular or falcate .........../g.eeeeeed Hind margin of crest sloping hehe esses eee ese sie sie 4;, Posterior dorsal angle of crest shanpteee ace...) 0. een subfalcate Posterior dorsal angle ofscrestyroundedy..4-)4-). 5 e)-).-)- eee dubiosa 5. Front margin of crest perpendicular or nearly so ................ Front margin of crest slopinggaaseeeete.- cee << lees) ic1 ss oe II 6. Humeral angles not twice the length of the eye ............:..... Humeral angles more than twice the length of eye .......... maculata No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MEMBRACIDAE. 187 7. Color green or greenish testaceous (or yellow in males only) ... 8 Wolorn Mo tMmereennOrj Sr eeniSl 56.2.0 jc.2 ccoe hots Re ene ciatiene sleds fa) Females bright green; males yellow banded with brown ..... unicolor iothusexes greenish, testaceous 9.2.3. ce bee ne aie ee eae extrema Omeostenion margin of crest not white 62.2 (oe ey 10 ostenon, margin of crest:.white ¢.s. 5. .9k2 Soe ee monticola TOM ellowsa mottled )with) Drown |... 668 ek 6 oe ee oe eas ae tristis Crayeawith transverse brown-band .4. 2.0 ).020 06 eee ampelopsidis Giemmenest proader, than, high ssc... ee Oe ien aera 12 @Grestias high or ‘higher than’ broad’... 5 os querci nommGravarwith Oblique brown fascia . 6.66660 c. cc ee oie aeltiees 13 DrOnmMempandeduwithpadarker 00 cds, ss vis wke-aiess oansekee ol eee reclivata i320) yeosterior process not reaching tips of tegmina’.;)..0004).00.. decorata Posterior process extending beyond tips of tegmina .......... sinuata T. declivata Van Duzee. 1908. Telamona declivata Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., p. 64. Probably rare. Easily recognized by the very peculiar shape of the crest which is not only pointed but is much higher in its anterior half than in its posterior half, making a step suggestive of the genus Heliria. The pronotum is long and narrow, the posterior process exceeding the tegmina in length, the tegmina smoky hyaline, punctate at bases and clouded with brown at tips. There is no host record and the life history is not known. New Haven, 30 July, 1901; Hartford, 12 Sept., 1907 (W. E. B.). T. barbata Van Duzee. 1908. Telamona barbata Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., p. 65. Rare. A small brownish species with a weak pyramidal crest which is darker than the rest of the pronotum. The color is mottled greenish brown. ‘The posterior process does not reach the tips of the tegmina which are smoky hyaline with apices broadly clouded. The habits of this species are not well known. The writer has previously reported the species (Membracidae of Cayuga Lake Basin, p. 252. 1917) as having been taken on white oak and bass- wood. Mr. Woodruff has collected males, which agree in every respect with the types of barbata in the Cornell collection, on white oak with females of what is apparently decorata. Dr. E. D. Ball insists, however (in correspondence), that barbata is not an oak or basswood species, and writes under date of December 19, 1917: . what barbata is may not be settled as yet but it ts not a white oak or basswood species.” It is evident, therefore, that there is still much to be learned concerning this species. Litchfield, 27 June, 1914, also July and Aug. (L. B. W.). T. subfalcata Van Duzee. 1912. Telamona subfalcata Van Duzee. Bul. Buff. Soc., x, p. 500. This species was described from the Southern States but has been collected in New York and has been taken on white oak at Litchfield by Mr. Woodruff. It is easily recognized by the subfalcate posterior margin of 188 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. the crest. The body color is gray with brown fascia; the front of the crest is gradually sloping; the posterior process is short and heavy, not reaching the tips of the tegmina which are hyaline with a prominent brown area at the apices. Hosts: White oak, swamp white oak. Litchfield, 19 July, 1913 (L. B. W.). T. maculata Van Duzee. (PI. iv, 17.) 1908. Telamona maculata Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., 72. 18, pl. 2, figs. 8 and 41. Not common. Recognized at once by the extremely produced suprahumeral angles which are twice as long as in any of the other local species of Telamona. The crest is almost perpendicular in front, obliquely truncate or rounded above, and nearly straight behind. The metopidium is strongly marked with brown at the base of the crest on each side. The life history is not known, but it seems to spend its entire life on swamp oak. Hosts: Swamp white oak (Q. bicolor), white oak (Q. alba). New Haven, 1 Sept., 1912; 30 July, 1913 (W. E. B.). T. unicolor Fitch. (PI. iv, 19 and 20.) 1851. Telamona unicolor Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 50. 1851. Telamona fasctata Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 5o. 1858. Hemiptycha diffusa Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus. Suppl., 143. Common on hickory and often found on butternut and walnut. The females are large and of a brilliant grass-green uniform color; the males are smaller, of a bright yellow color with deep brown fascia. This difference led Fitch to describe the two sexes as separate species and the specific name is decided only by the fact that the description of uwnicolor precedes that of fasciata on the page. The insects are very active, strong fliers, and are at once recognized by their large size (10mm.) and high, square crest. The tegmina are tipped with brown. The life history has been worked out on the hickory on which the eggs are laid during September. Hatching takes place about the middle of May and the insects reach maturity the last of June. The nymphal instars average, respectively, ten, six, five, ten and fourteen days. Mating has been observed throughout August and September. The males seem to be much less numerous than the females. Hosts: Hickory, butternut, walnut, basswood. New Canaan, 10 Sept. 1914 (B. H. W.); Wallingford, 22, 24 June, 3, 15, 24 July, 1912 (D. J. C.); Rainbow, 5 July, 1918 (M. P. Z.) 3) Litch= field, July to Sept. (L. B. W.); Cornwall, 16 June, 1921 (K. F. C.). T. extrema Ball. 1903. Telamona extrema Ball. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xvi, 179. PI. I, figs. 1-16. Rare in eastern United States. The species resembles T. um- color but is smaller and both sexes are uniformly dull greenish No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MEMBRACIDAE. 189 testaceous in color. The crest is very high and almost square with a whitish vitta on the posterior margin. The tegmina are tipped with brown and there is sometimes a brownish or fuscous spot on the metopidium above each eye and another below each humeral angle. The life history is not known. Hosts: White oak, red oak. Portland, 14 July, 1914 (M. P. Z.). T. monticola (Fabricius). 1803. Membracis monticola Fabricius. Syst. Rhyng., 7, No. 4. 1869. Telamona monticola Stal. Hem. Fabr., ii, 115. 1903. Telamona brunneipennis Buckton. Mon. Memb., 197, pl. 43, figs. Ie) Ta Not common. A large robust species; concolorous brown, spotted with greenish; dorsal crest high, rounded, greenish or whitish posteriorly ; posterior process not reaching tips of tegmina ; tegmina punctate at base, brown at tips. There is one specimen in the collection of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station without date or locality label which was presumably collected in the State. Hosts: White oak, swamp white oak. T. tristis Fitch. 1851. Telamona tristis Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 51. 1851.. Telamona corylt Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 51. 1894. Telamona spreta Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 417. Presumably common in Connecticut on white oak but has seldom been reported. Described from New York and has been often reported from Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey northward to Canada. A small well-marked species with high square crest which is higher before than behind and is distinctly marked anteriorly with fuscous and posteriorly with a brown vitta which breaks at the base and then runs straight to the lateral margins. The whole pronotum is rather conspicuous because of its mottled colors. The tegmina are hyaline with the bases opaque and punctate and the tips brown. Hosts: White oak, hazel, witchhazel, basswood, black oak, red oak. New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). T. ampelopsidis (Harris). 1833. Membracis cissi Harris. List. Ins. Mass. (MS. name). 1841. Membracis ampelopsidis Harris. Rept. Ins. Mass., 180. 1846. Thelia cyrtops Fairmaire. Rev. Memb., 310. 17. Pl. 5, fig. 13. 1851. Telamona ampelopsidis Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 51. 1877. Telamona cyrtops Butler. Cist. Ent., 11, 222, No. 11. Very abundant on Virginia creeper (Psedera quinquefolia) formerly placed in the genus Ampelopsis from which the specific name of the insect was derived. Probably the commonest species Igo CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. of Telamona in the State. Since it seems to be limited in host to the Virginia creeper and very few, if any, other species of the genus inhabit this plant, it may be fairly surely identified by its habitat. Mr. Woodruff reports that in Connecticut it seems to be very common some years and not taken at all during others. This is a large, robust, well-marked species with a high crest which is erect with the front margin nearly perpendicular and the hind margin sloping. The ground color of the pronotum is grayish with brown transverse fascia across the metopidium, a deep brown area at the frontal base, and a brown fascia extending from the posterior tip of the crest to the lateral margin of the pronotum. The tegmina are hyaline with brown tips. The males are in most cases smaller and darker than the females and in some instances are solid black in color. The eggs are laid deeply in the axils of the leaves and hatch in early June. The nymphs require about five weeks to reach maturity. Mating begins about the middle of July and oviposition almost immediately afterward. The entire life history is apparently spent on the one host. Wallingford, 3 Aug., 1912 (D. J. C.); Stonington, 2 July, 1914; 4 Aug., 1914 (I. W. D.); New Haven, 2 July, 1914 (W. E. B.); Litchfield, Aug. Cie. BW). T. querci Fitch. (PI. iv, 18.) 1851. Telamona querci Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 51. Abundant on various species of oaks. Particularly common on small white and chestnut oaks on hillsides in sunny places. This species is close to T. monticola Fabr., but may be distin- guished by the shorter darker pronotum and by the prominent white vitta along the posterior median line of the dorsal crest. The tegmina are nearly hyaline with the tips faintly clouded. The insect is solitary in habit and quick in movement. The nymphs are most often found on the outer branches and in the axils of the leaves while the adults seem to prefer the twigs of second-year growth. The life history has not been entirely worked out. Hosts: White oak, chestnut oak, black oaks (Q. migra and Q. velutina), red oak. Portland, 14 July, 1914 (M. P. Z.); Litchfield, June to eee (LE. B. Woe New Haven, 27 June, 1920 (W. E. B.); 18 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). T. reclivata Fitch. 1851. Telamona reclivata Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 51. Very abundant on basswood and apparently almost as strictly limited to this host as T. ampelopsidis is to Virginia creeper. This is a rather difficult species to delimit owing to the variation in the shape of the pronotal crest. It may be generally recognized, however, by the large size, the rounded sloping crest, the long posterior process and the dark brown markings. The tegmina No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MEMBRACIDAE. gi are hyaline and the abdominal segments are brown, margined with paler. The nymphs are found on the same host as the adult and appar- ently the time of oviposition and hatching is extended over a considerable period since all stages may be collected at the same time during most of July and August. Host: Basswood. Wallingford, 22 June, 1912 (D. J. C.). T. decorata Ball. 1903. Telamona decoraia Ball. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xvi, 179. PL 1, figs. 6, 6a. Probably rare but is occasionally found in the State on red oak, the host on which the species was originally described. The writer has previously recorded this insect (Biol. Memb. Cayuga Lake Basin, p. 264) from both red oak and basswood but Dr. E. D. Ball, the author of the species, states (in correspondence) that the latter host must be accidental as the form is not basswood- inhabiting. The species is very close to T. reclivata from which it may be separated by the brown oblique marking extending from the tip of the crest to the lateral margin of the pronotum. The ground color is grayish yellow with the sides of the crest and the above- mentioned band brown. The apex of the posterior process 1s broadly brown. The tegmina are smoky hyaline with the bases sharply punctate with black, and the apices brown. Host: Red oak. Stonington, 3 July, r9or4 (I. W. D.); Guilford, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). T. sinuata Fowler. 1896. Telamona sinuata Fowler. Biol. Centr. Amer., 144. 4. Tab. 9, figs. 7, 7a. This species was described from Mexico and is included by Van Duzee in his Catalogue of Hemiptera as questionably from Arizona. A species which apparently answers Fowler’s descrip- tion and figure in all particulars has been taken by the writer in New York and the same species has been collected by Mr. Wood- ruff in Connecticut. Either this is a new species so close to Fowler’s species that it cannot be distinguished by the characters given in the literature or T. sinuata has an extremely wide range. It is here included under Fowler’s name. This is a fine large species, gray, mottled with brown, with an erect well-developed dorsal crest and a long posterior process extending beyond the apices of the tegmina. The life history is not known. | Hosts: Yellow birch (B. lutea), white poplar (P. alba), quaking aspen (P. tremuloides). Litchfield, July and Sept. (L. B. W.). 192 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. T. dubiosa Van Duzee. 1894. Telamona irrorata Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 418. 71. 1916. Telamona dubiosa Van Duzee. Check List Hem., 59. 1634. Probably rare. A gray and brown species near the preceding but smaller and with the hind margin of the dorsal crest more nearly perpendicular. Characterized by the irregular brown dots on a gray or sordid yellow background. The tegmina are hyaline with bases and apices clouded with brown. Host: White oak. Litchfield, Sept. (L. B. W.). Acenasiaotal An interesting genus because it is one of the few in the United States which show the broad, compressed, leaf-like expansion of the pronotum suggestive of the tropical forms of the type genus Membracis. The colors of the insects of this genus are not brilliant, however, being usually green or brown with few markings. One species at least is found in Connecticut. A. belfragei Stal. 1869. Archasia belfragei Stal. Bid. Memb. Kan., 250. Probably rare. Easily recognized by the very foliaceous prono- tum which is green in life and fades to yellowish in cabinet specimens. The pronotum is high and strongly flattened with the dorsal margin brown. The tegmina are about half concealed by the pronotum and the posterior process does not reach the apices of the tegmina. The life history is not known. Hosts: Locust, white oak. Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). Smilia Germar. Somewhat resembling the preceding genus in that the pronotum is compressed and flattened but easily distinguished by the fact that the terminal cell of the hind wing is triangular and petiolate. One species is recorded from the State. S. camelus (Fabricius). (Pl. iv, 21.) 1803. Membracis camelus Fabricius. Syst. Rhyng., 10, No. 18. 1843. Smilia vittata Amyot and Serville. Hem., 5309. 1846. Thelia camelus Fairmaire. Rev. Memb., 308.7. Pl. 5, figs. 5, 8, 9. 1851. Smilia guttata Fitch. Cat. Ins. N. Y., 40. 1893. Smilia belulae Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 196. Common. Perhaps the most brilliantly marked of all of the local species of Membracidae. The ground color of the high flattened pronotum is brown—chocolate in the female and black- brown in the male—with a broad diagonal slash of bright nile- green extending from the cephalic dorsal apex to the middle of the lateral margin. The pronotum is high and foliaceous and No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MEMBRACIDAE. 193 extends somewhat forward over the head. The tegmina are hyaline with the apices brown. The life history is not known. Goding has recognized a doubtful variety viridis (Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., 111: 426. 1894) which has also been recorded from the State. : Hosts: Locust, red oak, white oak, black oak (Q. velutina). New Haven, 11 June, 18907 (W. C. Sturgis); 11 June, 1914 (B. H. W.); Litchfield, July and Aug. (L. B. W.) ; Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (B. H. W.). S. camelus var. viridis Goding. Bull. Ill. St. Lab. Nat. Hist., iii, 426, 1804. New Haven, 8 June, 1904 (W. E. B.). Cyrtolobus Goding. This genus is very large and widely distributed. The species are in great confusion and extremely hard to delimit. The specific characters generally used have been based on the shape and color of the pronotum, both of which are very variable indeed, so that a long series of specimens shows gradations through a number of species as at present recognized. The genus as a whole may be distinguished by the compressed dorsum and the thin semitransparent spot below the dorsal ridge. The colors are usually dull brown with many irregular markings. The genus is badly in need of revision but the following species are apparently good and have been collected or should occur in Phen Sate: Key to Species. 1. Dorsum regularly rounded from head, without anterior notch or GUEDIROSSHOY bao Rs See eee eC Sar ena Fe 2 Dorsum with anterior depression before elevation................. 4 Pe bt Oita aye OW) OF LISMt STEEN): = 66 sop. . ie xe ss + ogo gls eee el Wee alee omen n tae DD Dig nV GASCMIGE, MIAN GS sor 515.5! one ighnrel wre eels «) dleldla 6 die Srenohe fenestratus QUMRY VEEN O UI EIT A GKGIN SO Meck sye yao seceyues isle on eu ove 4.6 ons al srr oars INE ovatus With prominent black markings on metopidium ........ maculifrontis Am@restuarisine, before humeral angles: ....0:. 00:3 646s eae Uh Wile aueie ele 5 CGrestearisine behind humeral angles... . 5 ../.0:2«:s0hcis1s alte eyeners 6 Fem COlOmUMitOnin dank BDEOWM ois. oc eccs'ce oie 0d oe oe cit eien ale fuliginosus Color pale reddish yellow with brown oblique line ........... arcuatus Cmeomall not overr7.mm ini lengthy... 5 6s. os oe eee ery sialon Vee ee Waneer vat least Ommiin length: . 4.0 26.0. ws eee Oe ene er tEDELOSUS FREE CGS OW OL) ODSOLECE as cicce o aieig Sis cin eed cise ois's + 2 elon st nec etetegel Ie eee § Grestwelldevieloped os yo scisels Glee sien o bobie diesels er enele foteranelal nme Ten: Swetecimina Uniform clouded) brown, .... 2% 2i.3. eee fuscipennis sheomina marked avith swititish .... . c./. 2 fe -.4 o oareyals ein oe cinereus On eronotum) distinctly marked with oblique bands .<()0 5. 2305 is. 10 Miaricine sy obScure ror ODSOLETE sci. 2s bieisirele Scie: lee lente toni reese 16 1@m Metopidium and legs concolorous or mottled) 3.7.0 ee II Median line of metopidium and tibiae white .......... inermis (male) mie Clypetsitlaty lateralimargins ot head sinuate |). at cal. vau Clypeus very convex, lateral margins of head straight ........sculptus 12M @ONCOLOROMS TANG) 1MITMACILAte.. acc). (5 (o5< eles Wiel ood olee etic ees ener ls oeict ay ete 113 Pronotum ataintly marked with-oblique tay \\s eye ines lee, 14 7 194 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. BEE STOWE vie ard ocee ausrats «oie o's 0m Soe ene toe ee eee Oe ee intermedius Green, ois see owen toe ieee ee ee ee inermis (female) 14: “Feegmina hyaline ». .2..5.22%,..ceeeieteee ee eet eee cinctus Tegmina clouded, tip broadly brown C. fenestratus (Fitch). 1851. Cyrtosia fenestrata Fitch. Cat. Hom. N. Y., 49. 678. 1894. Cyrtolobus fenestratus Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 431. 106. 1908. Cyrtolobus muticus (in part) Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., 83. Common. A medium-sized brown species with a regularly rounded dorsum and a distinct “window” or semi-transparent spot in the center of the crest and a white band across the posterior process just before the apex. The tegmina are hyaline with clouded tips. It has been collected most commonly on Quercus velutina but its life history 1s unknown. Hosts: Black oak (Q. velutina), white oak, chestnut, red oak, scarlet oak. ? New Haven, 21 June, 1904 (W. E. B.); Wallingford, 2 July, 1012 (D. J. C.); Litchfield) July (L. B. W.); Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (Bo. We.) ; ‘Oranse, 22 June, 1020 CM Pe Ze). C. ovatus Van Duzee. 1908. aes ovatus Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., 82, pl. 2, g. 14. Rare. A southern form which apparently appears occasionally in the New England States. Sordid yellow testaceous; dorsum regularly elliptical; head projecting slightly forward; posterior process high and carinate, exceeding apices of tegmina; tegmina hyaline, punctate at base. Host and life history unknown. Wallingford, 3 July, 1912 (D. J. C.). C. fuliginosus (Emmons). 1854. Cyrtosia fuliginosa Emmons. N. Y. Agr. Rept., v, 154, pl. 13, Ones: 1893. Cyrtolobus fuliginosus Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 172. Probably common. Distinguished by its uniform dark brown color without markings. It is near the preceding species in appearance but is smaller and darker and has a lower crest. The head projects slightly forward and the posterior process just reaches the tips of the tegmina. The tegmina are strongly marked with brown with the apices lighter. The life history has not been worked out, due largely to the fact that this species lives together with several others of the genus on white oak and the nymphs have not been distinguished from closely related forms. Host: White oak. Hamden, 11 July, 1915; New Haven, 16 June, 1915; Middlebury, 20 June, 1916 (M. P. Z.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MEMBRACIDAE. 195 C. arcuatus (Emmons). 1854.- Cyrtosia arcuata Emmons. Agr. N. Y., v, 154, pl. 13, fig. 14. 1894. Cyrtolobus arquatus Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 433. 115. 1908. Cyrtolobus muticus (in part) Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., 83. Rare. The species. was described from New York but is more commonly found further south. Yellowish, tinged with red; crest high and arising before the humeral angles; transverse band of pronotum often absent; pro- notum long; head slightly projecting forward; eyes tinged with reddish; posterior process reaching tips of tegmina; tegmina entirely hyaline or faintly clouded with yellow. Hosts and life history unknown. No record from Connecticut. C. tuberosus (Fairmaire). 1846. Thelha tuberosus Fairmaire. Rev. Memb., 307, No. 6. 1894. Cyrtolobus tuberosus Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 433. Very common. The largest species of the genus and recogniz- able by the fact that it is twice as large as any of the other forms of Cyrtolobus in the State. The crest is high and the translucent spot which characterizes the genus is very large. The insect is dark brown, mottled with darker brown, the dorsal crest is situated well back on the prono- tum, the posterior process is very short, not reaching the tips of the tegmina, and the tegmina are smoky hyaline tipped with brown. The entire life history is apparently spent on one host and the nymphal instars are recognizable but the place and method of oviposition has not been reported. Hosts: White oak, red oak, hickory. Witchfield, July ¢L. B. W.). C. fuscipennis Van Duzee. 1908. Cyrtolobus fuscipennis Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., 91. Fairly common. This species, also, was described from New York and although it has been very seldom reported since its original description, it is not uncommon. It is large, with the pronotum low and the posterior process short. The tegmina are strongly colored with reddish brown and marked with darker. The life history is not known. Hosts: White oak, red oak, scarlet oak, beech. Litchfield, July and Aug. (L. B. W.). C. cinereus (Emmons). 1854. Gargara cinereus Emmons. N. Y. Agr. Rept., v, 156. 1893. Cyrtolobus cinereum Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 172. 1894. Atymna cinerewm Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 436. 1908. Cyrtolobus cinereus Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., or. Abundant on white oak. Near the preceding but smaller and with the tegmina almost entirely hyaline. The color is greenish 196 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. gray mottled with brown and banded with green. The pronotum is low and regularly arcuate, the metopidium convex, the posterior process short and sharp, and the tegmina wrinkled hyaline with the apices brown. The life history is not known. Hosts: White oak, red oak. Litchfield, July and Aug. (L. B. W.); New Haven, 20 June, 4, 7 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); 18 June, 1920 (M: P. Z.); Orange, -22 June aiezo CB. Wo): C. inermis (Emmons). 1854.. Gargara inermis Emmons. Agr. N. Y., v, 167, pl. 13, fig. 9. 1894. Atymna inermis Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 436. 127. 1908. Cyrtolobus inernis Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., 90. 15. Not common. An interesting little species of which the males are small and strikingly marked with black and white, and the females are larger and are uniformly greenish yellow. The life history and hosts are not known. New Haven, 9 June, 1914 (Q. S. L.). Ci vau (Say). {CPP iy,22)) 1831. Membracis vau Say. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., v, 299. 1851. Thelia semifascia Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 561. 1851. Smilia vau Fitch. -Cat. Ins. N. Y., 48. 1851. Thelia vau Walker. List Hom. Brit.-Mus., 1141. 1886. Cyrtosia vau Provancher. Petite Faune Can., iii, 238. 1893. Cyrtolobus nigra Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 172. 1893. Cyriolobus punctifrontis Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 172. 1893. Cvyrtolobus tricincta Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 172. 1893. Cyrtolobus vau Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 172. 1903. Thelia fasciata Buckton. Mon. Memb., 180. 1903. Argante semtfasciata Buckton. Mon. Memb., 189. Pl. 40, fig. 9; Pl. Anos, aT alae 1909. Cyrtolobus varius Smith. Insects New Jersey, 92. Very abundant. Probably the commonest species of Cyrtolobus in the State. The species shows, however, such a wide variation in size and coloration that it has been described under a number of synonyms and is often confused with other species in collections. The typical form is small and very characteristically marked, with the compressed spot round and transparent, a pale brown transverse pronotal band bordered with deep brown, very conspicuous, and a prominent band of the same color before the apex, these two bands approaching near the lateral margin of the pronotum to form a “V” which doubtless suggested the specific name. The pronotum is low, closely and roughly punctate, the dorsal crest has only a faint sinus before the posterior process, the posterior process is short, blunt and tectiform, reaching only to the bases of the apical cells of the tegmina which are hyaline with the tips faintly clouded. The life history has been worked out on white oak but the insect is found also on several other species of Quercus. The entire life history is usually passed on one host, the eggs being No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MEMBRACIDAE. 197 laid in September, hatching about the middle of May, and the nymphal instars averaging respectively ten, six, five, ten and four- teen days in reaching maturity. Mating begins a few days after the last molt and oviposition begins during the same week. Hosts: White oak, chestnut oak, red oak, scarlet oak. New Haven, 15, 20 June, 1904; 20 June, 1905; 17 June, 1912 (W. E. B.); Owaly, 1004 (H. L. V.); 09, 18 June, 1914 (M.-P. Z.); \Wallingtford,. 25 ane; 1912 (D. J. C.); Stonington, 16 June, 1914 (1. W: D:); Branford, mgmnane Tore) (B: EH W.):* Lyme,’ 4 July; ror (A -B) Ky Av By G); Hamden, 11 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 12 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); Huntington, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). C. sculptus (Fairmaire). 1846. Thelia sculpta Fairmaire. Rev. Memb., 307. 5. 1867. Cyrtosia sculpta Stal. Ofv. Kongl. Vet-Akad. Forh., 24. 554. 1894. Cyrtolobus sculptus Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 432. 109. Common on white oak. A small well-marked species distin- guished by the prominent straight oblique stripe extending from the anterior margin of the dorsal crest where it is more or less dilated, to about the middle of the lateral margin of the pronotum. This stripe is white, bordered before by a narrow band of light brown and behind by a broader band of dark brown. The pos- terior process is heavy, blunt and tectiform and just reaches the apices of the tegmina which are smoky-hyaline. The life history is not known. The species has been recorded from Connecticut only by Mr. L. B. Woodruff who reports that he has taken it on black oak, white oak and red oak, but chiefly on black oak. _Hosts: White oak, black oak, red oak. Mitehfheld) 11 July, 1912 (L..B. W.). C. intermedius (Emmons). 1854. AEs intermedius. Emmons. N. Y. Agr. -Rept., v. Pl. 13, 2) 10: 1894. Cyrtolobus intermedius Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 433. Not common and hard to delimit. The color is chestnut-brown and if constant should be a good superficial character. The pronotum is low and gradually arcuate with shallow compressions. The posterior process is short and straight, not reaching the tips of the tegmina which are hyaline with the bases brown and punctate. The life history is not known. Hosts: White oak, red oak. itchfield) July Cl: B: W.). C. cinctus Van Duzee. 1908. Cyrtolobus cinctus Van Duzee. Stud. N. A. Memb., 86. Rare. The females are large and greenish with a prominent curved pronotal stripe of dark brown; the males are smaller, very dark brown with obsolete markings. The tegmina of both sexes are hyaline with the bases greenish and punctate. 198 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. The life history is not known. Host: White oak. Litchfield, July (L. B. W.). C. discoidalis (Emmons). 1854. Gargara discoidalis Emmons. N. Y. Agr. Rept., v, 157. Pl. 13, fie. 7 1864. Smilia carinata Stal. Hem. Mex., 71. 1867. Cyrtosia carinata Stal. Ofv. Kongl. Vet-Akad. Forh., 24. 554. 1893. Cyrtolobus discoidals Goding. Can. Ent., xxv, 172. 1894. distinguishing character is the transverse terminal cell of the tegmen. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MEMBRACIDAE. 205 The life history has been worked out and described in detail (Psyche xxii: pp. 183-198. 1915) and is confined entirely to the one host. There should be three or four broods a year in Connecticut. ; Fost: Locust. itchneld, June! (L: B.. W.); New - Haven, 4)) July, 3° Oct;’) 19020 (BEE Ww ):) >) Walton, 24 June, 1920 (M. P: Z.). Entylia Germar. A genus containing a large number of species, the standing of many of which is questionable. The distinguishing character of the genus is the high flattened dorsum with a deep median notch which separates it into two distinct crests. | E. bactriana Germar. (PI. iv, 24.) 1835. Entylia bactriana Germar. Silb. Rev., iii, 248. 1851. Entylia indecisa Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 540. 1851. Entylia reducta Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 540. 1858. Entylia impedita Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 137. Very abundant. Van Duzee in his recent catalogue makes this species a synonym of &. carinata Foerster, and this is perhaps correct. However, while there is little doubt but that this common northeastern form is the one described by Germar as recognized by Fairmaire (Rev. Memb., 300. 4, pl. 5, fig. 32. 1846), by Stal (Bid Memb. Kans., 241. 1869), and by Van Duzee himself (Stud. N. A. Memb., 105. 1908), there is considerable doubt as to just what form Foerster had before him (Nova Spec. Ins., Cent. i, 67. 1781). It seems more conservative, therefore, to retain Germar’s name at least until we are sure of the determination of FE. carinata. The species shows so much variation in color and shape that it is difficult to state which form is typical. Many differently appearing individuals may be reared from one egg-mass. It is usually found on various species of thistle on which the eggs are laid in a double row on the undersurface of the leaf. Oviposition begins about the first of July. The eggs hatch in about two weeks and the nymphs reach maturity in a little over three weeks, the instars averaging about five days each. ‘The life history has been described (Biol. Memb. Cayuga Lake Basin, p. 290. 1917) as it develops on the thistle but the insect shows some slight difference in habits on other hosts. In some sections there are at least two broods a year. This is one of the species of Membracidae which winters over in the adult state occasionally in Connecticut. Hosts: Thistle, joe-pye weed, sunflower, red-bud, forked panicum (P. dichotomiflorum), goldenrod. New) Canaan) 17, Sept, 1919 (B..H..W.) 3. Litchfield), June to Sept: @es Be Wi): Cornwall, 30 May, 23 June, 1920: (KR) ©): Huntineton, Opuly./1920) (P.G.).. 206 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Publilia Stal. A genus near Eutylia but showing a much less elevated crest and a much weaker median notch. Some of the forms are merely depressed in the center and the prothorax is only slightly compressed. P. concava (Say). 1824. Afembracis concava Say. Narr. Long’s Exp., App. ii. 311. 1835. Lniylia concava Germar. Silb. Rev., iii, 249. 1866. Publilia concava Stal. Analecta Hem., 388. 1869. - Ceresa concava Rathvon. Momb. Hist. Lanc. Co. Pa., 551. 1894. Publilia nigridorsuim Goding. Cat. Memb. N. A., 399. 1903. Publilia vittata Buckton. Mon. Memb., 185. Pl. 30, fig. 6. Extremely abundant. A grass and shrub inhabiting species usually taken in sweeping. According to Mr. Woodruff, the common host about Litchnheld is alder. In New York it seems to be most abundant on goldenrod. The species may be distinguished from Extylia bactriana, the only other species in the State with which it is likely to be con- fused, by the slight dorsal depression and the general rounded shape of the pronotum. ‘The color varies from gray to black and the pronotum is irregularly ridged and deeply punctate. The tegmina are largely covered by the pronotum. Hosts: Goldenrod, skunk-cabbage, New England aster, worm- wood, alder. Branford, 28 June, 19005 (H. W. W.); Meriden, 3 June, 1910, Hamden, 14 June, 1911 (W. E. B.); North Branford, 8 June, 1912 (B. H. W.); Portland, 5 June, 1914, Middlebury, 31 May, 1916, Ansonia, 26 May, 1918 (M. P. Z.); Litchfield, May to July (L. B. W.). Family CERCOPIDAE.* By Lours AGAssiz STEARNS, M.Sc. The insects known under variously applied descriptive names as cuckoo-spit, spittle insects, frog-hoppers and leaf-hoppers, together with the Cicadellidae (Jassoidea) and Fulgoridae, and belonging — to the family Cercopidae, are of world-wide distribution. Although members are recorded for every Zoological Subregion, except the Hawaiian, the “headquarters” of this family is in Central and South America and in the Oriental Region and the Malayan portion of the Australian. Comparatively few repre- sentatives are known to occur in the Nearctic Region. This paper recognizes six genera (Monecphora, Aphrophora, Lepvyronia, Philaenus, Philaronia and Clastoptera), comprising twenty-two species, as included within the Nearctic fauna. Two varieties (infuscatus and pallidus) of one species (Philaronia bilineata Say) are described herein as new. * This paper, in substantially its present form, was submitted to fulfill the thesis requirement of a M.Sc. degree, at the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, June, 1917. No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 207 The extreme variability and striking similarities in coloration shown by some species oftentimes renders exact identification difficult. Coupled with this fact, the literature with which to identify them is insufficient and at the same time inaccessible to the average student of Entomology. Papers by Dr. F. W. Goding (16902), Dr. KE. D. Ball (1895 and 1808); and Prof. Z. P. Metcalf (1917) include the more recent and important work that has been completed with this interesting group of insects. The comprehensive studies of the family by Dr. Ball are quite adequate, but unfortunately they occur in isolated volumes of the Proceed- ings of the lowa Academy of Science which are not usually at the disposal of the student. It was the original intention of the writer to cover the family Cercopidae for New England localities only, since he had had the opportunity to collect a large series of specimens in that section of the country. But from this preceding, brief summary con- cerning the work on the group during comparatively recent years, it is evident that another systematic paper, containing a descriptive key with accompanying explanatory figures, together with as extensive distribution records as possible, would be of unquestion- able value at the present time, and it is hoped that it will be of assistance to students in systematic work. The family Cercopidae has been variously ranked in different classificatory systems. W5thout a doubt, however, its exact posi- tion among the most specialized of the Auchenorhynchous Homoptera was expressed, when Professor Herbert Osborn (1895) stated that “the Cercopidae in the development of the scutellum, the texture of the elytra, and the specialization of the tibiae show characters of high rank, and if placed subordinate to the Jassoidea (Cicadellidae) must be considered a branch of nearly equal or parallel rank.” The name of “cuckoo-spit” applied to these forms in Europe dates from classic times when it was believed that the insects were born from the saliva of cuckoos. The production of froth, a common occurrence in Homopterous families, is particularly noticeable in this family. This frothy matter or “spittle” is formed by liberating air beneath a liquid film excreted from the anal opening, of the sap imbibed by the insects in large quantities. In reality, it is a protective device for the nymphal forms. Economically, the “Cercopids,” together with other closely allied Homopterous families, are of considerable importance. Usually these forms do not occur in sufficient numbers to become noticeably destructive, but in some instances their depredations are extensive. Generally speaking, their food plants are the pine, alder, blueberry, cranberry, dogwood and different species of grasses. “It is not alone the exhaustion consequent upon the rapid draining of the 208 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. plants’ juices by the almost microscopic mouth-setae that is so deleterious ; it is the addition of the horde of fungus spores which often subsequently attack the wounded surface and quickly multi- plying penetrate into the tissues of the plant causing decay and death.” The foregoing quotation from a paper (1906) by Mr. G. W. Kirkaldy forcibly emphasizes the extremes attendant to the immediate damage caused by these insects. Professor Herbert Osborn has so adequately covered the economic importance of this family in a recently published (1916) bulletin of the Maine Agri- cultural Experiment Station that a more detailed consideration of this phase of the subject is unnecessary here. During the prosecution of this work I have employed a large series of specimens personally collected in New England, Tennessee and Ohio. I am under special obligations to several who have assisted me:—to Mr. C. W. Johnson (Curator, Boston Soc. Nat. His.), Dr. E. P. Felt (N. Y. State Entomologist) sand Professors H..T.. Fernald. “(Mass., Agri. College) and) Woae@: O’Kane (N. H. State College) for distribution records from their respective localities, and to Mr. D. M. DeLong (Pa. Bureau Plant Industry) and Professors. Z. P. Metcalf (A. M. College, NG) J. G. Sanders (Pa. Bureau Plant Industry) and C. P. Gillette (Colo. Agri. College) for exchange and loan of material and distribution records. Especially do I wish to express my indebted- ness and appreciation to Professor Herbert Osborn (Ohio State University) for the use of his private collection containing type specimens and extensive distribution records, and for generous suggestions and continual kindly encouragement. This family is readily distinguished from the closely allied Homopterous groups, Cicadellidae (Jassoidea) and Fulgoridae, by the structure and arrangement of the spines on the hind tibiae. Here, the cylindrical hind tibiae are armed with two spurs on the outer margin, and, together with the first two joints of the tarsi, terminated with a crescentic row of spines, the third having a bifid claw. In the Cicadellidae, two distinct rows of spines extend the length of the tibiae, and, while some Fulgoridae have similar spurs, the angulate tibiae and the insertion of the antennae below instead of between the eyes insure identification. _ Family characters: Body stout, compact; general form oval or elongate; frons usually tumid and convex or compresso-produced, transversely ribbed, dorsally somewhat flattened forming a sub- quadrate insertion (the tylus) in the anterior margin of the vertex from which it is separated by a distinct suture; vertex sloping, anterior margin rounding or angulate; ocelli two, situated in vertex before base; antennae short, inserted between eyes and beneath margin of vertex, two basal joints bead-like, the remainder setaceous; pronotum large, sexangular to trapezoidal, anterior No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 209 margin straight or angularly: rounded ; scutellum small, triangular ; elytra longer than abdomen, frequently coriaceous, pubescence variable; distinctive hind tibial characters as mentioned above. Key to Subfamilies* Anterior margin of pronotum straight; eyes equally long and [BECO aes ay i ech dee arena eR RC ...CERCOPINAE, p. 209 Anterior margin of pronotum rounded or angular; eyes frequently EGAMIG VICI SClr CRRA ee ccat sis cies Ss u cals Blok noua APHROPHINAE, Pp. 211 Propleuron - | ~ iA Trochanter - Scutellum * Rott Inner ostrum - sector of clavus Coxa --Outer --Femur NM -- Tibia -- Tarsus Ultimate - ventral segment Ovipositor ; - Pygofer Ultimate ventral Edge of &: Nive --elytron --- Valve i Plate Under wing Fic. 18. A Cercopid, showing structures. (1) dorsal view, (2) ventral view of female, (3) male genitalia. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by EAS Stearns. Subfamily CERCOPINAE. The members of this subfamily are large, broadly oval, bril- liantly colored, mostly tropical forms; but a single genus and a single species occurring within the Nearctic fauna. Monecphora Amyot and Serville. Head small, much narrower than humeral angles of pronotum; front strongly inflated, anteriorly produced, rounding back to vertex, usually medially unicarinate; rostrum short, two-jointed, * Adapted from Stal. 210 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. not exceeding middle Ses vertex much shorter than pronotum, obtusely angulate; ocelli close together ; pronotum, lateral margins long, strongly oblique, posterior margin straight or emarginate; elytra coriaceous, much wider than pronotum, lateral margins rounding symmetrically to apex, venation somewhat obscure, apically reticulate. M. bicincta (Say). (Fig. 19, 1-4.) Cercopis bicincta Say. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 303, 1831. Monecphora bifascia Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus. , 670, 1851. Monecphora angusta Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 680, 1851. Monecphora neglecta Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 683, 1851. Monecphora ignipecta Fitch. (Descrip.) Third Rep. Ins. N. Yo Jan 1856: Tomaspts rubra Fowler. Biol. Cent. Amer., 183 (in part), 1897. Tomaspts bicincta Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vi, 207, 1808. Robust, broadly oval, with narrow angulate head. Black, con- spicuously marked with red and yellow. Length 8-10 mm. width 5 mm.* Vertex broad, disc sloping, deep depressions lateral to median carina continuing along suture of vertex and tylus; front strongly inflated, nearly right-angled with vertex, medially unicarinate; pronotum, disc convex, one-half wider than long, lateral margins roundingly divergent, reflexed, posterior margin roundingly emarginate; elytra convex, about twice longer than wide, apex broadly rounded; pubescence fine, sparse. Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment one-half as long as preceding, flattened in median line, laterally depressed; plates in median line at base of ovipositor curved outwardly, converging to sharply pointed apices; pygofers broad, outer margin incurved, exceeded one-third their length by ovipositor. Male, valve short, truncate, on apical border scarcely wider than base of plates; plates long, length twice width, pointed, outer margins sinuate, inner mar gins strongly incurved from anterior third to tip. Both male and ‘female structures in toto projected dorsally in vertical plane. | Color: Dark chestnut-brown to black; entire margin and longitudinal median carina of vertex, eyes and ocelli, and lateral margins of pronotum, red; a narrow transverse band across the humeral angles of pronotum and two slightly wider ones parallel to this trisecting the elytra, red varying to creamy-yellow (typical form bicincta); dark form with bands partly or entirely absent (var. ignipecta Fitch). Distribution: This single species of the genus Monecphora (a genus well represented in the tropics), while a common species in collections from Mexico and the West Indies, has but a sparse distribution in the United States. Its varietal distribution is quite conspicuous. The var. ignipecta Fitch (PI. iv, 26) is a northern form exclusively, has a distribution throughout the New England ee * Width is given as greatest measurement across elytra when folded. No. 34.] .HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 211 States (not recorded for Maine). In New York this variety grades into, and southward on the Atlantic slope gives way to, the typical form bicincta, which form occurs “throughout the gulf states and up the Mississippi valley as far as Central Iowa, where itusvextremely rare. | ‘( Ball.) Stafford, 24 Aug., 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Manchester, 11 Aug., 1916; Hamden, 15-Aug., 1916 (M. P. Z.).; New Haven, 1 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.) ; Danbury, 29 Aug., 1920 (B. H. W.); Yalesville, 20 Aug., 1920 (M. P. Z.); Portland, 25 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). Subfamily APITROPHORINAE. The members of this subfamily are smaller, more elongate, rather somber colored forms; five genera comprising twenty-one species occurring within the Nearctic fauna. Key to Genera. 1. Apex of clavus acute, corium without a terminal membrane; form Name melONno ater sites Moe ek Oe! oi) ede rats ee al I ae I Sn 2 Apex of clavus broadiy rounded, corium with a broad terminal membrane; form small, globose.......5...20.2... 2. Clastoptera, p. 230 2. Form usually smaller; anterior margin of pronotum rounded; vertex and pronotum without a pronounced median carina; rostrum short and stout, two-jointed, reaching the middle coxae; ocelli nearly equidistant from eyes and each other .............. Form usually larger, more elongate; anterior margin of pronotum angulate; vertex and pronotum with a pronounced median carina ; rostrum long, three-jointed, the last and longest segment exceed- ing the hind coxae, ocelli nearer to each other than eyes ........ Aphrophora, p. 211 3. Anterior margin of vertex between eyes and front sulcate; pubes. CENCCLOMMMOLSalsSUGLACE. VaTlaDle: 2 ehe iit swisha s ances we eeyet site epee sae 4 Anterior margin of vertex between eyes and front non-suicate; pubescence of dorsal surface dense obscuring venation ......... Lepyronia, p. 220 4. Elytra with about five apical cells; pubescence of dorsal surface ioe) SYDEI TSO SNe ise CELIO IP a Re LS gre Philaenus, p. 224 Elytra irregularly reticulated apically; pubescence of dorsal UNI ACECEMSE iain nay ous tia i i ean oe ae Philaronia, p. 228 Aphrophora Germar. Vertex, disc weakly convex or flattened, sloping, medially carinate, anterior margin obtuse or rectangulate, apex rounding; tylus broad, weakly carinate; ocelli located close to posterior margin of vertex, nearer each other than to eyes; front, disc convex, transversely rib-punctured, except on median line, inflated, acutely angulate with vertex; rostrum long, three-jointed, the last and longest segment exceeding the hind coxae; pronotum large, disc convex, sloping, medially carinate, anterior margin broadly, obtusely angulate, medially produced into a triangular notch on posterior margin of vertex between ocelli, lateral margins short. length about equal to distance between ocelli, posterior 212 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. margin broadly, roundingly emarginate; scutellum centrally depressed; elytra coriaceous, convex, about twice longer than wide, costal margins expanded, apex roundingly angulate; wings with the third vein from the marginal vein forked and forming a closed apical cell; entire dorsal surface coarsely, irregularly punctate; male valve wanting. The members of this genus resemble each other so closely in their moderate size (7-I12mm.) and uniform grayish-brown coloration that it is possible to separate them accurately only by reference to specific structural characters. The convexity of the pronotum, the degree of inflation of the front with the corre- sponding variation of the facial angle, and in male specimens, the shape of the male plates prove, usually, reliable characters for specific determinations. Key to Species. 1. Pronotum flattened-conyex; front slightly inflated; color grayish brown, two variably distinct hyaline areas on elytral margins; elytra usually broadly convex, with costal margins more strongly expanded) .... ssdivecgnt . sessed oti deb eee ae. sok eee Pronotum strongly convex, elevated posteriorly; front strongly inflated; color varying brown, hyaline areas absent, elytra obliquely banded; elytra elongate convex, with costal margins by narrowly expanded 3. Js0 2650.88.40 ee5 1.56 lin eee 3 2. Size small, not exceeding 8mm.; narrower; dark grayish brown, hyaline areas distinct...£4 aeoor eles cps oe eee quadrinotata Size large, 10mm. or more; broader; pale grayish brown, hyaline areas indistinct sac cao centre Fe isin ies ces cee eee angulata 3. Usually larger; elytra more strongly convex, with costal margins more broadly expanded; color varying deep brown; front inflated and produced, nearly right-angled with vertex ......... 4 Usually smaller; elytra narrowly convex, with costal margins slightly expanded; color varying light brown; front scarcely inflated, flattened convex, acutely angled with vertex .......... 6 4. Head broad, short; vertex rounding, obtusely angulate before; apex of elytra. sharply, actitely angulate’..-..... 27-22 eee ABS Head narrow, elongate; vertex almost rectangulate before; apex of elytra bluntly, acutely angulate: 2222.2 2s. . eee parallela 5. Larger; union of front and vertex a large acute angle; color dark brown, mottled with lighter. -.2.2%2.. .2-= sss eee irrorata Smaller; union of front and vertex approximating a right angle; color light brown, elytra more or less distinctly, obliquely banded permutata 6. Color varying ochraceous, light stripe and light elytral bands obscure or wanting; front slightly inflated, angle with vertex LOSS» ACULEC - 66sec 2s & ace o:5ercis ope od cle eae eRe Leech. OR ee Color deep fulvous, a distinct median stripe from anterior margin of tylus broadening across vertex and pronotum to basal angles of scutellum, and elytra distinctly banded with light; front usually not at all inflated, angle with vertex more acute saratogensis Color light ochraceous, whole surface irregularly but heavily mottled and elytra obliquely banded with chestnut ......... annulata Color tawny brown to pale ochraceous, indistinct median stripe from anterior margin of tylus broadening across vertex and pronotum to basal angles of scutellum, and elytra indistinctly, | obliquely banded with light: (2.53 s oer eins tere ene signoretti NI N No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 213 A. quadrinotata Say. (Fig. 10, 5-8.) Pe crners quadrinotata Say. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, 304, 1831. Pies phord fascialis Walker. Ins. Saund., Hom., 93, 1858. This species is distinguished readily from others of the same genus by its smaller size, dark grayish-brown color, and the presence of two large distinct hyaline areas on the costal margins of the elytra. Length 7-8mm.; width 3-3.5 mm. Vertex, length on middle one-third greater than at eye, medially elevated, moderately, sharply carinate, entire anterior margin broadly rounding, reflexed to form slightly depressed areas between margins and median elevation; tylus, length one-half width, sharply carinate; front scarcely inflated, distinctly acute- angled with vertex; pronotum, length one-half width, disc roughened, median carina weakening posteriorly, lateral margins parallel, sharply carinate; elytra moderately broad, costal margin flaring before middle; punctures setigerous. Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment strongly convex, length less than that of preceding; pygofers, length one-third greater than width, outer margins roundingly, obliquely angulate at end of basal third and deeply, abruptly incurved at apical third, exceeded by ovipositor slightly less than one-third their length. Male, last two ventral segments abruptly narrowing, elongate, strongly convex; plates small, length one-half their basal width, separated at base by their own width, inner margins parallel, outer margins rounding to acutely angulate apex. Color: Constant, dark grayish-brown; vertex and anterior half of pronotum lighter; costal margins at base, oblique band from scutellum broadening to beyond middle on costa, marginal spot at apex and apical reticulations accentuated in deep brown; vari- able areas, triangular on middle of costal margin and elongate on margin before apex hyaline, Distribution: Specimens have been examined from the New England States, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, District of Columbia, Tennessee, Ohio, Ontario (Can.), Wiscon- sin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Kansas. It has been reported from Georgia, Florida, and Nebraska (Ball); and from North Carolina (Metcalf). Scotland, 27 July, 1904, Hamden, 24 July, 1910 (B. H. W.); Darien, 8 April; New Haven, 6 Aug., 1917 (W. E. B.); Milford, 2 Aug., 1917 (M. P. Z.); Branford, 12 Aug., 1904 (P. L. B.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Huntington, 9 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). A. angulata Ball. (Fig. 19, 9-12.) Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vi, 212, 1808. Resembling quadrinotata in its pale grayish brown color and two indistinct hyaline areas on the costal margins of the elytra, but distinctly larger and more obscurely marked. -Length 10-I2mm.; width 4-4.5 mm. 214 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Vertex, length on middle one-third greater than at eye, equal to one-third width across eyes, and equal to one-half length of pronotum behind it, medially elevated, moderately sharply carinate, roughened and depressed before reflexed lateral margins; tylus, length one-half width, weakly sharply carinate, anterior margin rounded, produced; front weakly inflated, distinctly acute-angled with vertex; pronotum, length two-thirds width, anterior third of disc depressed, roughened, carina strong across depression, weakening posteriorly, lateral margins divergent, sharply carinate ; elytra long, broadly convex, costal margins flaring widely before middle, thence rounding to angulate apex. Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment one-half as long as preceding, weakly convex; pygofers, length one-third greater than width, outer margins broadly curved at base, narrowing apically, exceeded by ovipositor one-fourth their length. Male, last two ventral segments narrowing, convex; plates fused, length slightly greater than width, disc laterally tooth-notched before apical third, apex broadly truncate, medially notched, either side of which slightly emarginate to roundingly produced lateral angles. Color: Constant pale grayish-brown; vertex and anterior half of pronotum lighter; approximating pale ochraceous; distinct spot on costa at middle broadening and usually fading inwardly on disc, obscure spot on costal margin at base and another obscure marginal spot at apex, deeper brown; variable obscure areas, triangular before middle of costal margin and elongate on margin before apex, hyaline. Distribution: Pacific Coast (Van Duzee). This species was described, as stated by Dr. E. D. Ball (1898), “from a single female labeled ‘Cal.’ received from Professor Bruner” and after the examination of other specimens “one of — which bore Uhler’s Mss. name, 4. angulata.”’ I have examined a series of fifteen male and fifteen female specimens collected by Professor Hine, Ohio State University, Department of Ento- mology, during July, 1907, from the following California locali- ties: “San Antonia Canyon, Ontario,” “Sta. Cruz ‘Mits.) sand “Alameda Co.” Both the male and female specimens agree structurally and in coloration with Dr. Ball’s description and I have, here, described and figured the male genitalia for the first time. A. parallela (Say). Pine spittle bug. (PI. iv, 37; Froth mass, Pl.xx; 6.) (Fig? 10)1 3210) Cercopis parallela Say. Narr. Long’s Exped., 1i, 304, 1824. Ptyelus cribratus Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 712-20, 1851. Large, broadly convex, with narrow, elongate head and the front strongly inflated; color dusky reddish-brown, the elytra narrowly, obliquely, and sometimes obscurely, banded with light. Length 8-12 mm.; width 3.5-5 mm. Fic. 19. (1-4) Monecphora bicincta Say,—(1) head, dorsal view, (2) head, lateral view, (3) male genitalia, (4) female genitalia. (5-8) Aphrophora quad- rinotata Say,—(5) head, dorsal view, (6) head, lateral view, (7) male genitalia, (8) female genitalia. (9-12) Aphrophora angulata Ball—(o) head, dorsal view, (10) head, lateral view, (11) male genitalia, (12) female genitalia. (13-16) Aphrophora parallela Say,—(13) head, dorsal view, (14) head, lateral view, (15) male genitalia, (16) female genitalia. (17-20) Aphrophora irrorata Ball—(17) head, dorsal view, (18) head, lateral view, (19) male genitalia, (20) female geni- talia. (21-24) Aphrophora permutata Uhler,—(2r) head, dorsal view, (22) head, lateral view, (23) male genitalia, (24) female genitalia. (25-28) Aphrophora annulata Ball—(25) head, dorsal view, (26) head, lateral view, (27) male geni- talia, (28) female genitalia. (29-32) Aphrophora saratogensis Fitch,—(29) head, dorsal view, (30) head, lateral view, (31) male genitalia, (32) female genitalia. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by L. A. Stearns. 216 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Vertex long, length on middle one-half that across eyes, disc strongly sloping from posterior margin to tylus, median carina weak, anterior margin scarcely curved to tylus; tylus, disc elevated, flattened, produced, almost rectangulate before, length two-thirds width; ocelli equidistant from posterior margin of vertex and from tylus; front, disc broadly, strongly convex, much inflated and produced, extending slightly beyond and rounding back to vertex ; pronotum, disc transversely roughened in median line by a series of irregular depressions, median carina weak, lateral margins long, length equal to distance between ocelli and eyes; elytra broadly convex, costal area very broad, apex bluntly, acutely angulate. Genitalia: Female pygofers long and narrow, length one-third greater than width, outer margins tapering, exceeded by stout Ovipositor one-third their length. Male, last ventral segment strongly convex, length equal to basal width, narrowing apically, posterior margin sinuate with lateral angles produced style-like as long as the plates; plates subquadrate, fused, apex medially notched, lateral angles rounded. Color: Varying tawny, punctured with dark brown; anterior margin of vertex to tylus and median carina bordered with darker ; — median carina from anterior margin of tylus across vertex and pronotum, and angles of scutellum broadly white; an interrupted, sometimes obscure, oblique band from apex of scutellum meeting at center on costa a similar band from the sutural apex of the clavus, grayish-brown; apical reticulations accentuated in deep brown. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from the New England States, New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Michigan, Ontario (Can.), Wisconsin, and Minnesota. It has been reported from Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia (Ball). Stonington, July, roo9 (G. H. H.); Orange, 30 June, ro11 (S. N. Spring); Portland, 10 Aug., 1913, Rainbow, 30 June, 1914 (B. H. W.); Thompson, 31 July, 1914 (I. W. D.); New Haven, 26 June, 1915 (M. P. Z.); Brookfield, 27 June, 2 @E: 4b. Ds): A. irrorata Ball.* (Fig. 19, 17-20.) Aphrophora irrorata Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vi, 214, 1808. . Large; color varying light tawny to dark rusty-brown, flecked with lighter; closely resembling parallela in size and coloration but with a much broader, shorter, more angulate vertex and a less strongly inflated front. Length 11-12mm.; width 3.5-4.5 mm. Vertex short, length on middle but slightly greater than at eye, disc flattened-depressed between weak median carina and broadly rounded anterior margin; tylus short, length equal to one-half ~ width and equal to length of vertex behind it, but slightly pro- * Described from type specimens; male, “Squaw Canon, Sioux Co., Neb. 7-22-92,” female, “War Bonnet Canon, Sioux Co., Neb. 6-22-90.” No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 217 duced, disc elevated, flattened, median carina obscure; front, disc strongly convex, inflation moderate, less than in parallela; prono- tum, disc transversely, strongly depressed before middle, pos- teriorly elevated, carina weak except across depressed area, lateral margins short, distinctly divergent, posterior margin narrowly emarginate; elytra long and narrow, strongly convex, costal margins slightly expanded, apex sharply acutely angulate. Genitalia: Female pygofers short and convex, length but slightly greater than width, outer margins rounded to middle, thence narrowing to apex, exceeded by ovipositor one-third their length. Male, last ventral segment strongly convex, length less than basal width, narrowing apically, posterior margin laterally tooth-notched ; plates broad, fused, parallel-margined, apex medi- ally excavated, leaving a rounded notch nearly half their depth, either side of which slightly diverging to acutely produced lateral angles. Color: Varying light tawny to dark rusty-brown; spot either side of tylus, median carina on tylus and vertex, anterior half of pronotum, and angles of scutellum, light; elytra deep tawny, flecked with lighter, sometimes forming obscure, oblique bands along suture on disc, and usually showing three light areas, separated by two darker ones along the costa: Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Colorado and Nebraska. A. permutata Uhler. (Fig. 19, 21-24.) ad permutata Uhler. List Hem. Colo. and N. Mex., 472, 1872 Sore Bee hort permutata Uhler. List Hem. West Miss. River, Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., v, 345, 1876 (Descrip.). _ Color varying tawny, elytra obliquely banded with dark brown; resembling irrorata, but with a more inflated front, the vertex more narrowly rounded before, and form in general narrower and more sharply angulate behind. Length 9-12mm.; width 3.5 mm. Vertex short, length on middle one-fourth greater than at eye, disc transversely depressed along suture with tylus, median carina weak, anterior margin narrowly rounded to tylus; tylus short. length equal to one-half width, slightly produced and rounded before, disc elevated laterally and anteriorly, median carina obscure ; front broad, disc strongly convex, moderately inflated and pro- duced anteriorly, forming an elevated right angle with vertex; pronotum, disc transversely depressed in anterior third, the depres- sion broken by sharp longitudinal ridges midway between median line and lateral margins, posteriorly elevated, carina weak except across depressed area, lateral margins short, slightly divergent; scutellum deeply centrally depressed; elytral margins narrowly expanded on costa, apex sharply, acutely angulate. Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment broadly convex; pygofers and ovipositor stout and compact, coarsely pubescent ; 218 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. pygofers, length one-third greater than width, outer margins rounded, exceeded by ovipositor one-fourth their length. Male, last ventral segment weakly convex, length slightly less than basal width, narrowing apically; plates long, tapering processes, length one-half greater than basal width, outer margins sinuate, inner margins fused in basal third, thence attingent until just before black tips, where they narrow slightly and diverge. Color: Varying tawny, punctured with darker; spot either side of tylus, median carina throughout entire extent, anterior half of pronotum, and angles of scutellum, lighter; an oblique, broad band from scutellum to costal margin, another shorter and more obscure behind it, and a marginal spot at base of costa, dark brown variably margined with whitish. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Washington, Oregon, Colorado, and Montana. It has been reported from Vancouver’s Island and Idaho (Ball), and from Utah (Uhler). A. saratogensis (Fitch). (Pl. iv, 28.) (Fig. 19, 29-32.) Lepyronia saratogensis Fitch. Cat. Hom. N. Y., 53, 1851. Ptyelus detritus Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 713, 1851. Ptyelus gelidus Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 714, 1851. Color deep fulvous, a broadening median stripe from anterior margin of tylus to base of scutellum, and elytra obliquely banded with light; form narrow and elongate, front scarcely inflated, apex of elytra acutely angulate. Length 8.5-11mm.; width 3-4. mm. Vertex, length on middle one-third greater than at eye, disc elevated in median line, bluntly carinate, anterior margin from eyes to tylus nearly straight; tylus, length one-third width, disc flattened; front small, scarcely inflated, angle with vertex very acute; pronotum, disc weakly convex, transverse depressions before middle slight, carina weak except across depressed area, where it appears as a blunt elevation, lateral margins parallel; elytra long and narrow, costal margins scarcely reflexed, apex sharply, acutely angulate. Genitalia: Female pygofers long, length one-half greater than width, exceeded by stout ovipositor almost one-half their length. Male, last ventral segment very short, convex, laterally tooth- notched on posterior margin; plates subquadrate, fused, medially notched to one-third their depth at apex, outer margins produced, broadly rounded behind. Color: Varying fulvous to grayish-brown; vertex and prono- tum darker, with a broadening median light stripe from anterior margin of tylus to base of scutellum; elytra lighter, usually with distinct light bands running obliquely from the scutellum to costal margins, in obscurely marked specimens the banded area of the disc appearing mottled with light gray. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from the New England States, New York, Maryland, District of Columbia, No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 219 Wisconsin, and South Carolina. It has been reported from North Carolina (Metcalf), and from Ontario (Can.), and West Virginia (Ball), while Walker’s species were from Nova Scotia and Florida. . Boquonock, 27 June, ‘1905 (H. L.. V.); New ‘Haven,’ 14) July.) 1910 (iv VW.) /Cornwall, 18 ‘July, 1921 (B. HH. W.); ’ Portland, 25, July, 1920 (B. H. W.). A. annulata Ball.* (Fig. 19, 25-28.) Aphrophora annulata Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vi, 216, 1898. Color ochraceous, the elytra obliquely banded with deep chest- nut; resembling saratogensis, from which it should be distin- guished readily, however, by its lighter coloring, more heavily marked elytra, the absence of the light median stripe on the vertex and pronotum, and by the greater inflation of the front.) length 10-11 mm.; width 3.5-4 mm. Vertex, length on middle scarcely greater than at eye, disc slightly depressed between the median bluntly carinate elevation and the straight anterior margin between the eyes and tylus; tylus, length equal to one-half width and equal to length of vertex behind it, slightly produced and rounded before; front, disc strongly convex, moderately inflated and slightly produced, form- ing a large acute angle with vertex; pronotum, disc transversely, strongly depressed in anterior third, posteriorly elevated and broadly rounded, carina weak, lateral margins slightly divergent, posterior margin narrowly emarginate; scutellum deeply, centrally depressed ; elytra with costal margins reflexed anteriorly, the apex roundingly, acutely angulate. Genitalia: Female pygofers convex, scarcely longer than wide, outer margins diverging to middle, then abruptly cut off to forma rounded obtuse angle, exceeded by narrow ovipositor one-third their length, clothed with a coarse, golden pubescence. Male, last ventral segment convex, length one-half basal width, narrowing apically ; plates broad at base, outer margins flaring, inner margin cut off obliquely nearly to base, leaving two widely divergent, black-tipped processes. Color: Ochraceous; median carina on vertex bordered with chestnut; pronotum pale, a broadening oblique stripe, sometimes obscure, from just before middle on either side of carina to basal angles of scutellum, deep chestnut; margins of scutellum pale; elytra with an oblique band from scutellum broadening to middle on costal margins, and another before claval apex, deep chestnut. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from New Hampshire, North Carolina, Colorado, Utah, and California. A. signoretii Fitch. . Third Rep. Ins. N. Y., 70, 1856. Color tawny-brown varying to pale ochraceous, simulating * Described from type male specimen “Wasatch, Utah, 6-27-91.” 220 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. _[Bull. saratogensis in an indistinct median light stripe across vertex and pronotum and obscure oblique light bands on the elytra; general form slightly smaller, the vertex shorter, more broadly rounded before, and the front more inflated. Length 8.5mm.; width 3.5 mm. Vertex, length on middle scarcely greater than at eye, disc depressed somewhat lateral to weak median carina, anterior margin sharp to tylus; tylus, disc slightly elevated, broadly, obtusely rounded before; front, disc strongly convex, moderately inflated, forming a large acute angle with vertex ; pronotum, disc flattened, strongly depressed before median line, slightly elevated posteriorly, carina weak except across depressed area, lateral margins parallel; elytra moderately long, costal margins reflexed anteriorly, thenc narrowing regularly to acutely angulate apex. Genitalia: Female, pygofers broadly convex, length one-third greater than basal width, exceeded by ovipositor, which does not reach apex of elytra, as in saratogensis. Male, last ventral segment twice length of that preceding, one-half longer than basal width, narrowing apically, disc convex; plates stout, forcep-like, outer margins rounding, inner margins obliquely divergent to black tips. Color: Varying tawny-brown; vertex darker on tylus; anterior half of pronotum and disc of scutellum lighter; traces of a median light stripe from anterior margin of tylus across vertex and pro- notum, traces of oblique bands from scutellum and claval apex toward costal margin; in general quite closely approximating an obscurely marked specimen of saratogensis from which it can be separated only by reference to specific structural characters, particularly the shape of the male plates. Distribution: It has been reported from New York and Ontario (Can.) (Ball), and from North Carolina (Metcalf). Lepyronia Amyot and Serville. Vertex, disc weakly convex, strongly sloping, length about equal to width between eyes, anterior margin rounding-rectangulate, apex produced; tylus large, length equal to width; ocelli about equidistant from tylus and pronotum, also about equidistant from eyes and each other; front broad, moderately inflated, acutely angled with vertex and slightly incurved before it, coarsely ribbed lateral to median line; rostrum two-jointed, reaching middle coxae; pronotum, disc weakly convex, sloping, anterior margin slightly rounded, variably depressed behind margin by transverse row of impressions, lateral margins divergent, carinate, length about equal to distance between ocelli, posterior margin deeply, roundingly emarginate; elytra coriaceous, broadly convex, costal margins expanded to middle, thence rounding regularly to acutely angulate apex; wings, with the third sector from the marginal No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 221 one, forked, the intramarginal vein interrupted between the third and fourth sectors; dorsal stirface clothed with a dense, prostrate, grayish-golden pubescence, obscuring the venation of the elytra; in female, last ventral segment reduced to two narrow plates lateral to median line. The members of this genus, while displaying a marked uni- formity in their globose forms, dense pubescence, and coloration of varying grays and browns, the elytra obliquely marked with fuscous, present, however, extreme vatiability in size (4.5- 9.5mm.), ranging from that of a Clastoptera up to that of an A phrophora. Key to Species. 1. Broader, more convex; color grayish-brown, or testaceous, fuscous markings on elytra indistinct or absent, vertex narrowly angulate, PANT OUMS SEL ATOM Gane ers eters c's cue she so 5 5a ciel glue) eeaNne a) Oa 2 Narrower, more elongate; color dusky-gray to deep tawny-brown, a distinct fuscous V on each elytron; vertex broadly angulate, mares) convexly, rounding to apex .........0.. oa quadrangularis 2. Size large, 6.5mm. or more; globose; light grayish-brown, elytra Mmatstinctly marked With TUSCOUS 6.0.04 c .cws ose ce oc sjsi tees s gibbosa Size small, not exceeding 5.5mm.; narrow; testaceous, apex of elymamoroadivasubhvaline ww. cs. cst. oo ses fob ell a ode angulifera L. quadrangularis (Say). (Pl. iv, 31.) (Fig. 20, 33-36.) Cercopis quadrangularis Say. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 305, 1825. Color dusky-gray to deep tawny-brown, spot at base, spot at apex, and a V on the center of each elytron, fuscous; elongate, the costal margins narrowly expanded. Length 6-8.5 mm.; width 3-3.5 mm. Vertex, length slightly greater than that of pronotum, apex bluntly rounding; tylus distinctly slightly depressed, almost “parallel-margined, length nearly equal to one-half that of vertex ; ocelli slightly nearer pronotum than to tylus, slightly nearer each other than to eyes; pronotum, length one-half width; elytra twice longer than wide, the costal margins narrowly expanded. Genitalia: Female pygofers, length equal to width, outer margins broadly rounded, exceeded by ovipositor by almost one-half their length. Male plates broad at base, equal to last ventral segment in width, length twice width, inner margins attingent, outer margins cut off obliquely at end of basal third, thence rounding to apex, the dorsal appearance that of a V-shaped trough. Color: Dusky-gray varying to deep tawny-brown; spots at base and apex, and a V on the center of each elytron, formed by the union of an oblique band from the scutellum to a point beyond middle of costa with another from the point of the clavus, fuscous. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from the New England States, New York, Maryland, District of Columbia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Mississippi, Ohio, Ontario (Can.), Wiscon- sin, Minnesota, Iowa, Colorado, Nebraska, Indian Territory, and Fig. 20. (33-36) Lepyronia quadrangularis Say,—(33) head, dorsal view, (34) head, lateral view, (35) male genitalia, (36) female genitalia. (37-41) Lepyroma gibbosa Ball,—(37) head, dorsal view, (38) head, lateral view, (39) male genitalia, (40) same, lateral view, (41) female genitalia. No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 222 South Dakota. It has been. reported from Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Georgia, and Florida (Ball). Yalesville, 19 Oct., 1903, Westbrook, 30 Aug., 1904 (H. L. V.); New Haven, 6 June, Green’s Farms, 24 June, 1904 (W. E. B.); Scotland, 30 July, 19004, Portland, 15 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Stony Creek, 12 Aug., 1904 (P. L. B.); New Canaan, 5 Sept. 1914 (M. P. Z.); Brookfield, 27 July, ? (E. L. D.); North Haven, 4 june, 1917, Ansonia, 20 May, 1918, Kent, 10 May, 1918, Hamden, 18 May, 1919 (M. P. Z.). L. gibbosa Ball.* (Fig. 20, 37-41.) Lepyronia gibbosa Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vi, 219, 1808. Large, general form globose; color foggy-gray to light brown, simulating quadrangularis in the fuscous markings of the elytra: costal margins broadly expanded. Length 6.5-9.5mm.; width 3.5-5 mm. Vertex, length one-third greater than that of pronotum, apex rounding angulate; tylus distinct, slightly elevated, broad, length equal to that of vertex behind it; ocelli equidistant from tylus and pronotum, also equidistant from eyes and each other; elytra. length one-third greater than width, much wider than pronotum, costal margin deeply deflexed to middle, broadly expanded and narrowly reflexed throughout. Genitalia: Female pygofers broad and stout, length equal! to width, outer margins obliquely angled, distinctly grooved from lateral margins of last ventral segment diagonally to apical third, slightly exceeded by ovipositor. Male, last ventral segment strongly convex; plates equally as convex and as broad at base, shining brown, nearly vertical, inner margins attingent, outer margins incurved slightly at basal third, thence rounding to acute apex. * Described from type male specimen labeled ‘Little Rock, Ia. Jy. 2-97”: and specimen labeled “Dismal River, Neb. Te (42-45) Lepyronia ang es tees Ces head, dorsal view, oo head, lateral view, (44) male genitalia, (45) female genitalia, (46-50) Philaenus spumarius Linnaeus.—(46) head, dorsal view, (47) head, lateral view, (48) male genitalia, (49) same, lateral view, (50) female genitalia. (51-55) Philaenus parallelus Stearns,—(51) head, dorsal view, (52) head, lateral view, (53) male genitalia, (54) same, posterior view, (55) female genitalia. (56-60) Philaenus lineatus Linnaeus,—(56) head, dorsal view, (57) head, lateral view, (58) male genitalia, (50) same, lateral view, (60) female genitalia. (61-63) Philaronia abjecta Uhler,—(61) head, dorsal view, (62) head, lateral view, (63) female genitalia. (64-67) Philaronia bilineata Say,—(64) head, dorsal view, (65) head, lateral view, (66) male genitalia, (67) female genitalia. (68-69) Clastoptera_delicata Uhler,—(68) head, dorsal view, (69) head, lateral view. (70- 73) Clastoptera proteus Fitch,— (70) head, dorsal view, (71) head, lateral view, (72) male genitalia, (73) female genitalia. (74- 77) Clastoptera xanthocephala Germar,—(74) head, dorsal view, (75) head, lateral view, (76) male genitalia, (77) female geni- talia. (78-81) C lastoptera obtusa Say — (78) head, dorsal view, (79) head, lateral view, (80) male genitalia, (81) female genitalia. (82-83) Philaenus parallelus Stearns,—(82) fore wing, (83) rear wing. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by L. A. Stearns. . 224 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Color: Foggy-gray varying to light-brown; spot on margin before apex and a V, usually indistinct, on center of each elytron, formed (as in quadrangularis) by the union of an oblique band from the scutellum to a point beyond middle of costa with another from the point of the clavus, fuscous. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa, and South Dakota. L. angulifera Uhler. (Fig. 20, 42-45.) | Lepyronia angulifera Uhler. List Hem. West Miss. River, Bull U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., v, 348, 1876. This species is distinguished readily from the two preceding by its small size, rather narrow form and almost uniform testaceous coloring. Length 4.5-5.5mm.; width 2.5 mm. Vertex, length about equal to that of pronotum, one median and two lateral spots before posterior margin, and area at suture with tylus depressed, margins between eyes and tylus somewhat reflexed; tylus indistinct, parallel margined, length one-half that of vertex; ocelli equidistant from tylus and pronotum, also equi- distant from eyes and each other; pronotum, length one-half width; elytra, length equal to width across costal margins, disc of corium inflated. Genitalia: Female pygofers, length equal to width, outer margins rounded, exceeded by ovipositor one-third their length. Male plates broad at base, convex, shining brown, length twice width at middle, inner margins attingent, outer margins obliquely cut off at end of basal third, thence rounded to blunt apex. Color: Deep testaceous; the indistinct transverse band often reduced to a spot on middle of costal margins; elytra beyond clavus grayish to subhyaline; iridescent from the pubescence. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from North Carolina. It has been reported from Florida (Ball), and from Maryland and New Jersey (Uhler). Philaenus Stal. Vertex, disc slightly convex, sloping in line with pronotum, longer on middle than against eye, greater than one-half length of pronotum, anterior margin obtusely or slightly acutely angulate, between eyes and tylus deeply sulcate and somewhat reflexed; tylus deeply inserted, anterior margin rounding, lateral margins slightly elevated, depressions lateral to weak median carina; ocell1 placed close to posterior margin of vertex; front broad, acutely angled with vertex, inflation a slight curve, disc flattened, laterally coarsely ribbed with brown; rostrum short and stout, composed of two equal segments, not exceeding middle coxae; pronotum, disc weakly convex, sloping, with or without a weak median carina, anterior margin rounding angulate, lateral margins short, parallel, equal to or less than distance between ocelli, weakly cari- No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 225 nate, posterior margin deeply emarginate; elytra coriaceous, twice longer than wide, parallel-margined or convex; wings, with the third vein from the marginal vein either forked or entire; dorsal surface closely and finely punctate, and clothed with a short, pros- trate pubescence; male plates curved dorsally at nearly right angles to abdomen. Key to Species. 1. Elongate; elytra nearly parallel-margined; anterior margin of pPErONOcUM) broadly rounded: color constant ...2) ane eases 2 Broad and short; elytra strongly convex; anterior margin of pro- noOtiumyneariy angulate; color variable ...... 05.0. ue spumarius 2. Size large, 8mm. or more; pale yellow, conspicuous stripe from anterior margin of tylus, medially across vertex and pronotum, and along suture of elytra to apex, dark brown to black ..parallelus Size small, not exceeding 6.5mm.; pale yellow, stripe wanting lineatus P. spumarius (Linnaeus). (Fig. 20, 46-50.) Cicada spumaria Linnaeus. Faun. Suec. (2d ed.), 240, 881, 1761. Ptyelus albiceps Provancher. Nat. Can. iv, 351, Hemip. du Can., 258. Philaenus lineatus Provancher. Hemip. du Can., 258. Philaenus spumarius Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vi, 224, 1808. Broad, convex; elytral margins distinctly rounded; head broad and short; color variable. Length 5.5-6mm.; width 2-2.5 mm. Vertex short, length equal one-half width, and equal to one-half length of pronotum, anterior margin obtusely angled; tylus broader than long, twice length of vertex behind it; ocelli equi- distant from eyes and each other; pronotum with slight depres- sions in anterior portion of disc, anterior margin nearly angulate, lateral margins less than distance between ocelli; elytra with costal margins strongly convex, reflexed before middle; wings with the third vein from the marginal one forked before the apex. Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment deeply incurved in median line; pygofers slightly broader than long, outer margins rounded, exceeded by the short ovipositor by one-half their length. Male, last ventral segment three times length of preceding; plates broad at base, width here equal to that of last segment, length twice width, inner margins attingent, outer margins tapering to tip. Color: This species is exceedingly variable in color, presenting forms which range from pale yellowish white to almost jet black, as described under the following color varieties. P. spumarius var. ustulatus (Fallen). Grayish-brown; vertex and anterior half of pronotum tawny- yellow; a large spot on the costal margin of the elytra, another slightly smaller and posterior to this, light. P. spumarius var. fasciatus (Fabricius). Vertex and anterior half of pronotum yellow; remainder of pronotum and elytra dark-brown, with the exception of two large transverse white spots, one anterior and the other posterior to 8 226 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. middle of costal margins, the latter sometimes reaching the claval AEX. P, spumarius var. leucopthalmus (Linnaeus). Entirely dark brown or black. P. spumarius var. lateralis (Linnaeus). Black; a broad, light stripe on costa. P. spumarius var. leucocephalus (Linnaeus). Dark brown or black; vertex and anterior half of pronotum yellow. P. spumarius var. marginellus (Fabricius). Black; vertex and anterior half of pronotum, and a stripe on costal margins of elytra, yellowish white. P. spumarius var. lineatus (Fabricius). Yellowish-white; a median stripe arising sometimes on point of vertex, sometimes on pronotum, and extending to apex of clavus, and a stripe on corium parallel with this, black. P. spumarius var. pallidus (Zetterstedt). Pale yellowish white. Distr’bution: Specimens have been examined from the New England States, New York, and from Ontario and Quebec (Can.). It has been reported from Nova Scotia (Ball), from North Caro- lina (Metcalf) ; and in Europe it has a wide distribution with an even larger number of recognized varieties. Specimens have been examined of the varieties fasciatus, lineatus, and pallidus from “Waterloo, Belgium, 8-10,” of the variety pallidus from “Edin- burgh, Scotland, 8-19-’12,” and of the variety ustulatus from “Dalmatia, Saloni, 8-23-’10.” P. parallelus Stearns.* (Fig. 20, 51-55: 82-83.) Ent. News, xxix, 3, 1918. Readily distinguished from spumarius by its elongate form, and from lineatus by its larger size and distinctive coloring, as men- tioned in the key to species. Length 8-lomm.; width 2.5-3 mm. Vertex, length slightly greater than two-thirds width, medially weakly carinate, laterally depressed; ocelli equidistant from each other and from posterior margin of tylus; pronotum medially weakly carinate, anterior margin broadly rounded, lateral margins equalling distance between ocelli; elytra nearly parallel-margined. Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment one-half length of pre- ceding, convex; pygofers broad, length equalling combined basal width, outer margin incurved throughout basal third and indented at middle, exceeded by stout ovipositor one-half their length. Male, last ventral segment twice length of preceding, convex; plates long, broad at base, laterally extended here to one-half * Described from type specimens; male “Medina, Wisc., 23 Aug., 1916, female “St. Croix Falls, Wisc., 15 Aug., 1916. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 227 width of last segment, obtusély notched to one-half basal width at end of basal third, thence tapering to tip as cylindrical processes ; black, sparsely clothed with white hairs. Color: Pale yellow; stripe from anterior margin of tylus, medially across vertex and pronotum, and along suture of elytra to apex, stripe extending from eye across lateral margins of pro- notum, following and fading out posteriorly along outer sector of elytron, and sulcate anterior margin of vertex, dark brown to black. Distribution: Wisconsin (Medina and St. Croix Falls). P. lineatus (Linnaeus). Grass spittle bug. (PI. iv, 29.) (Fig. 20, 56-60. ) Cicada lineata Linnaeus. Faun. Suec., 241, 888, 1761. Cicada abbreviata Fabricius. Ent. Syst., iv, 36, 41, 1704. Ptyelus basivitta Walker. List Hom. Brit. Mus., 722, 37, 1851. Small, narrow; head long, angulate; color pale yellow; costa with a light stripe just within which is a black one, which becomes indistinct on posterior half of elytron, black spot of variable extent on suture posterior to apex of clavus. Length 4.5mm.; width I.5-2 mm. Vertex, length equal to two-thirds width, and equal to length of pronotum, nearly right-angled before; tylus narrow, length slightly greater than basal width, and greater than length of vertex behind it; ocelli equidistant from each other and from eyes; pro- notum with slight depressions in anterior portion of disc, anterior margin broadly rounded, lateral margins less than distance between ocelli; elytra nearly parallel-margined. Genitalia: Female pygofers in length equal to basal width. narrowing apically, exceeded by ovipositor one-half their length. Male plates, length three times width, broad at base, laterally extended here to one-half width of last ventral segment, inner margins attingent, outer margins slightly narrowing to beyond middle, then widening to form an obtuse outward angle, thence incurved to blunt tip. Color: Pale yellow; stripe extending from eye across lateral margins of pronotum, following and fading out posteriorly along outer sector of elytron, and a spot on suture posterior to apex of clavus, sometimes continued around apex of elytra, black. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from the New England States, New York, and Ontario and Quebec (Can.). It has been reported from St. John, N. B. (Ball). This species, as well as spumarius, is widely distributed in Europe, and a number of specimens have been examined collected at “Edinburgh, Scotland, 19 August, 1912.” Scotland, 27 July, 1904, Rainbow, 30 July, 1914 (Ba EY We): Salisbury, 30 Aug., 1904 (W. E. nay New Haven, 30 July, 1914 (Q. S. Te) 21 Aug., 1900;20 May, to2tT (B. H..W.); 9 Nov., 1920), (E23 Ga)- Branford, 2 July, 1918, Cornwall, 10 Aug., 1918 (B. H. W.). 228 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Philaronia Ball. Vertex, disc convex, sloping in line with pronotum, length on middle twice that against eye, surface roughened, anterior margin almost rectangulate, between eyes and tylus deeply sulcate and somewhat reflexed; tylus rounded anteriorly, lateral margins slightly elevated, depressions lateral to weak median carina; _ocelli placed close to posterior margin of vertex; front inflated, slightly. anteriorly produced, acutely angled with vertex, disc convex, coarsely ribbed lateral to median line; rostrum short and stout, two-jointed, reaching middle coxae; pronotum, disc convex, sloping, anterior margin broadly rounded, lateral margins short, divergent, equal to less than distance between ocelli, weakly cari- nate, posterior margin emarginate; elytra coriaceous, parallel- margined or convex, twice longer than wide, costal margins sinuate, reflexed before middle, “venation irregular, ramose, the two veins on the corium forking to form discoid cells, which are broken up posteriorly to form an irregular network, which occupies the entire apical portion of the elytra”; dorsal surface closely and finely punctate, sutural lines and venation usually obscured by short, dense, yellow pubescence; genitalia curved dorsally to approximate elytral suture at apex. This genus, of but two species, was described by Dr. Ball when he founded it, as composed of “stout, heavy-set, somewhat globose forms of moderate size, having the form and dense hairy covering of a Lepyronia together with the sulcate vertex of a Philaenus and a ramose venation, which is quite distinct from the type of either genus.” Key to Species. Stout, compact; elytra broadly convex; color constant, reddish DROWN: sie asus Sse cate Ue Aaa eee ke acne ee abjecta Elongate; elytra parallel-margined; color variable ......... bilineata P. abjecta (Uhler). (Fig. 20, 61-63.) Philaenus abjectus Uhler. List Hem. West Miss. River, Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., v, 346, 1876. Lepyronia angulifera Gillette and Baker. Hem. Colo., 71, 1895. General form as mentioned in the key to species; width across costal margins of elytra one-third greater than at eyes; color reddish brown, vertex and pronotum lighter. Length 5.5 mm.; width 2.5-3 mm. Vertex, length slightly greater than one-half width and almost equal to length of pronotum behind it; tylus broadly rounded before, length equal to width and greater than length of vertex behind it; ocelli equidistant from eyes and each other; front inflation and angle with vertex greater than in bilineata; prono- tum, disc strongly convex, depressed in median line, entire anterior third more or less depressed by a transverse row of pits, posterior margin narrowly emarginate; elytra broadly convex, costal margins strongly curved; pubescence coarse. No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 229 Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment convex, one-half length of preceding; pygofers short, stout, outer margins broadly curved, exceeded by broad ovipositor one-third their length. Male, last ventral segment convex, larger’ than preceding; plates broad at base, vertical, wedge-shaped, apically rounded; male structures in toto more compact than in bilineata. Color: Reddish-brown; vertex and anterior third of pronotum often varying to tawny, with a coarse, long, golden pubescence; remainder of pronotum and elytra deep reddish brown, the costal margins and a larger, obscure area near apex, lighter. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Colorado, Nebraska, and North Carolina. It has been reported from South Dakota (Ball). P. bilineata (Say). (Fig. 20, 64-67.) Aphrophora bilineata Say. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 804, 1831. Philaenus lineatus Uhler. List Hem. West Miss. River, Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., v, 347, 1876. Plilaenus lineatus Gillette and Baker. Hem. Colo., 70, 1895. Philaenus americanus Baker. Can. Ent., xxix, v, 112, 1897. Form narrower and more elongate than that of the preceding species ; width across costal margins of elytra slightly greater than at eyes; color clay-yellow variably marked with fuscous. Length 5-7 mm.; width 2-2.5 mm. Vertex long, length on middle two-thirds width and greater than length of pronotum behind it; tylus narrowly rounded before, length greater than width and equal to length of vertex behind it; ocelli slightly nearer each other than eyes; pronotum, disc flat- tened, weakly convex, two depressed spots lateral to weak median longitudinal depression, posterior margin broadly emarginate; elytra long, parallel-margined, broadly rounded behind. Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment short, anteriorly strongly incurved in median line; pygofers, length equal to width, outer margins obtusely angled, exceeded by ovipositor one-third their length. Male, length of last ventral segment twice that of preceding, strongly convex, shining; plates vertical, over twice longer than their basal width, inner margins attingent, outer margins strongly sinuate and narrowing from base to small black tips. fe. Typically clay-yellow variably clouded with fuscous ; two longitudinal stripes enclosing a lighter one from anterior margin of tylus medially across vertex and pronotum, and along suture of elytra sometimes to apex, stripe extending from eye across lateral margin of pronotum, slightly inside of outer sector of elytron and fading posterior to middle, sulcate anterior margins of vertex above and below, fuscous; costal margins of elytra dusky white. Two extremes in coloration occur, linked to the typical form bilineata by a complete series of gradational variations, for which I propose the following variety names: 230 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. P. bilineata var. infuscatus Stearns, n. var.* Vertex, pronotum and scutellum varying from deep clay-yellow to light fuscous with a median light stripe; in either case, anterior two-thirds of disc of elytra deep fuscous to black, costal margins narrowly and apical areas broadly, white. P. bilineata var. pallidus Stearns, n. var.* Pale straw-yellow; transverse ribs on front, sulcate anterior margin of vertex above and’ below, and lateral margins of pronotum, light brown. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Ontario and Mani- toba (Can.), Iowa, Colorado, Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, and Wyoming. It has been reported from Idaho and Nebraska (Ball). The variety forms described as new were taken in Wyoming, Colorado, and Wisconsin localities only. Brookfield, 27 July, ? (E. L. D.); Thompson, 4 Aug. (A. P. M.); Rainbow, 27 Sept, 102250P. G») Clastoptera Germar. The members of this genus in the development of the hind tibiae and the structure and venation of the wings present a high degree of specialization over those preceding; and in the increased free- dom of the anterior coxae and the possession of a terminal mem- brane to the corium approximate the more generalized forms of the Heteroptera. Form small, globose; extremely variable in size and color markings; head much wider than long, deflected before; vertex sloping, narrow, length on middle about one-third that between eyes, slightly transversely depressed between eyes and lateral to suture with tylus, anterior margin regularly rounded; ocelli placed midway between anterior and posterior margins of vertex; eyes broad, outer and posterior margins sparsely pubescent; front broadly, deeply inserted into vertex, lateral margins of insertion roundingly divergent, disc convex, inflated, polished, not longitudi- nally carinate; antennae inserted in deep cavities between eyes and front, the basal enlargement not extending outside the cavity; rostrum short, composed of two segments, usually but slightly exceeding the middle coxae; pronotum sloping, trapezoidal, broader than long, disc convex, transversely wrinkled, anterior margin broadly rounded, sometimes slightly produced between the eyes, lateral margins short, divergent, rounding back to recurved humeral margins, posterior margin deeply emarginate; scutellum triangular, convex at base, pointed at apex, narrow, length slightly greater than that of pronotum before it; hemelytra narrowly to broadly convex, deflected posteriorly, apices overlapping perpendic- * Type in author’s collection. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 231 ularly, the apex varying from: rounding to acutely angulate, clava apex broadly rounded, corium hyaline with a broad terminal mem- brane, surface clothed sparsely with a fine short pubescence, usually an oval callous dot on margin before apex ; posterior tibiae with a single terminal row of spines. The genitalia of the species in this genus possess so many points of similarity that a single description inclusive of their general characteristics should prove sufficient in connection with the illus- trations, Figure 20 (72, 73, 76, 77, 80, 81), which cover in detail any minute specific differences. Female pygofers short and con- vex, length about equal to greatest width, outer margin rather broadly rounded at base, abruptly indented before apex, exceeded but slightly by the ovipositor, which is carried perpendicular to the plane of the body. Male, last ventral segment very short and convex, outer margins expanded, inner margins attingent to before apex, where they diverge slightly to form rounded lateral angles; males usually smaller and more sombre colored than the females. Key to Species.* 1. Hemelytra broadly convex, lateral margins broadly expanded, a distinct callous spot on margin before roundingly angulate apex; COLON CRSIZeVaTIAD ene iki, shas. 4 5 es; 6.4.0 « sialiota enue eta ems tenant 2 Hemelytra narrowly convex, lateral margins scarcely expanded, apex acutely angulate, callous spot on margin before apex indis- tinct or wanting; color uniform straw-yellow varying to pale rufous; size medium to large, length exceeding 4mm. ...... osborni 2. Front strongly inflated, disc sharply, rounded convex, rising AD IUIME VeRO tT AGE HAE SIC ES iy .is:cc.q:c, o% woke deg a iete aieydig oh eaele acme aes 3 Front moderately inflated, disc broadly flattened-convex, rising MAG ally aL OMMerA Cena tl SIGE!) ccs: tate: evevas oe sete: dre gust jestl avele! Suonerebageonelate 4 3. Front more strongly inflated, entirely black or yellow with trans- verse interrupted black bands above, dark below; pronotum yellow, marked with five transverse black bands, or unicolorous Iatetc ame Sie etait cS o erguccacle a: » onal sh loca yet Uuatapoue ais Val tee hae vuma delicata Front less strongly inflated, upper two-thirds black, the margin next to vertex narrowly yellow, lower third, lorae, and clypeus yellow mwpronotum black varying to yellow .. 2.2.1) .5.0.)..2 3. proteus 4. Size small, not exceeding 3.5mm.; color uniform above, black varying to glaucus; hemelytra strongly impunctured, sparsely BBC SCCM RER Ts itn ee is cia id a bios aver ays «4 s0.6 sel eieteyatenelars xanthocephala Size large, 4mm. or over; color above varying brown, marked with light testaceous and dusky white; hemelytra minutely im- HUNceined: sthicklys finely: PUbESCENt ». .'. s/s «'susj20 4 cree) soraleterayans obtusa C. osborni Gillette and Baker. Clastoptera osborni Gillette and Baker. List Hem. Colo., 71, 1895. Clastoptera obtusa Say. Subsp. iii. osborni Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vol. 111, 190, 1895. Straw-yellow varying to pale rufous, pronotum and clavus tinged with pale olive-green; hemelytra narrowly convex, lateral margins scarcely expanded, apex acutely angulate; size medium to large. Length 4.5-5 mm.; width 2-2.5 mm. * Modeled somewhat after Ball. 232 CONNECTICUT GEOL, AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Vertex very slightly transversely depressed, length at middle equal to that at eyes, anterior margin carinately elevated, a dis- tinct circular brownish yellow depression between ocellus and eye on either side; ocelli equidistant from eyes and each other; front moderately inflated, disc broad, flattened-convex, transverse rib- bing interrupted in median line by slight longitudinal depression ; pronotum three-fourths wider than long, disc strongly convex, distinctly transversely wrinkled, two distinct pits behind elevated anterior margin near median line, lateral to which and directly posterior to inner angles of eyes are two circular brownish yellow spots; scutellum darker; hemelytra narrowly convex, lateral margins scarcely expanded, apex acutely angulate, finely, densely punctured, and clothed with a fine, thickly set pubescence; under surface straw-yellow, spurs and spines only of tibiae and tarsi tipped with black. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Colorado, New Mexico, Wisconsin, and Ohio. It has been reported from West Virginia and the District of Columbia (Ball). C. delicata Uhler. (Fig. 20, 68-69.) Clastoptera binotata Uhler. Mss. Clastoptera delicata Uhler. List Hem. Reg. West Miss. River, Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., v, 348-9, 1876. Clastoptera delicata Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vol. iii, 184-6, 1895. Clastoptera delicata Ball. Subsp. i. lineata, var. a and var. b. Clastoptera delicata Ball. Subsp. ii. binotata. Clastoptera lineatocollis Stal. ? Eng. Resa. Omk. Jord., iv, 285-6, 1858. Color pale greenish-yellow varying to black; closely resembling proteus in form, but with the front more strongly inflated; two circular yellow depressions on vertex near eyes; pronotum yellow marked with five transverse black bands (var. lineata), or uni- colorous black (var. binotata) ; size variable. Length 3.5-4.5 mm.; width 2-2.5 mm. C. delicata var. (i) lineata Ball. Vertex slightly depressed transversely in median line, depres- sions lateral to tylus reaching entirely across it, a distinct, circular, yellow depression midway between ocellus and eye on either side, anterior margin carinately elevated, bordered from eye to eye with black; eyes margined behind with black; ocelli equidistant from eyes and each other; front strongly inflated, disc sharply, rounded convex, rising abruptly from face at sides; face entirely black (subvar. b), yellow above, transversely marked with interrupted black bands, dark below, lorae yellow, spotted with black below eye and at antennal insertion (subvar. a); pronotum strongly, transversely wrinkled, yellow, transversely marked with five, slightly impressed, narrow black bands, interrupted before lateral margins, anterior margin rather broadly black, posterior margin very deeply emarginate; scutellum yellow, variably obscured by irregular dark fuscous markings; hemelytra with claval margin No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 233 and veins strongly elevated and accentuated with pale whitish yellow, the enclosed areas light fuscous (subvar. a), or clavus entirely fuscous (subvar. b), inner claval margin at base, costal margin near base and beyond middle, short oblique stripe on disc, sinuous band enveloping corium anteriorly and reaching to the prominent black callous spot on margin before apex, dark fuscous ; dorsal surface varyingly punctate, clothed with a short, sparse, yellow pubescence; undersurface and legs yellow, marked with dark piceous; legs with spurs and spines stout. C. delicata var. (11) binotata Ball. Black; a distinct circular yellow depression on vertex between ocellus and eye on either side, a small spot at middle on costal margins, and the tibiae variably spotted with creamy white. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Colorado. It has been reported from California and Arizona (Ball), and from Utah (Uhler). Considerable difficulty is experienced in dealing with this species due to the extreme variability in both size and coloration. As Dr. E. D. Ball (1895) stated, “Uhler’s description is an absolutely perfect one for var. 1. lineata subvar. a, but would apply only slightly to subvar. b, and would absolutely exclude var. 11 binotata.” I have no hesitancy in agreeing with Mr. E. P. Van Duzee (1912) in his conclusion that “C. lineatocollis Stal is certainly a distinct species and not a variety of C. obtusa (Say) as stated by Dr. Ball.” After a careful study of available material it seems highly probable that the description lineatocollis refers to those forms included by Uhler and Dr. Ball under the name of delicata Uhler, in which case the latter name must be supplanted under the law of priority. However, due to the noticeable vagueness of Stal’s description in certain instances and the insufficiency of material at hand, it seems inadvisable to make such a change in nomenclature at present; and I am including lineatocollis therefore as a questionable synonym of delicata, and have appended hereto the original description of lineatocollis for facility of comparison. OrIGINAL DeEscripTION oF C. lineatocollis Stal. Eugenies Resa, Omkring Jorden iv, 285-6, 1858. Dilute sordide flavescens, lineis transversis capitis thoracisque, fascia indistincta laterali pone medium antice a fascia albida terminata, callo apicali nervisque apicis hic illic tegminum, vitta femorum maculisque tibiarum fuscis. Female, length 4mm.; width 2.5 mm. C. lineatocollis Stal. Ofv. af K. Vet.-Ak. Forh. p. 253, 1854. atria: Cal. (S; t Francisco). Caput dilute flavescens, verticis marginibus basali et apicali lineisque transversis frontis apicem versus longitrorsum impressae nigrofuscis. Thorax postice profunde angulatosinuatus, medio longitrorsum carinatus, dilute flavescens, lineis pluribus transversis fuscis ornatus. Scutellum flavescens, ante medium vitta fusca, ut littera S fere formata, utrimque ornatum. Tegmina latitudine vix duplo longiora, sordide flavescente- pellucida, medio fascia antrorsum angustata et abbreviata albida, anterius 234 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. a linea, postice a fascia indistincta fuscis terminata, callo rotundata fere apicali ad marginem costalem nervisque apicalibus hic illic fuscis. Subtus nigro-varia. Pedes dilute flavescentes, vitta femorum maculisque tibiarum nigro-fuscis. C. proteus Fitch. (PI. iv, 30.) (Fig. 20, 70-73.) Clastoptera proteus Fitch. Cat. Hom. N. Y., 54, 55, 1851. Clastoptera proteus Fitch. Sub-species flavicollis. Clastoptera proteus Fitch. Sub-species cincticollis. Clastoptera proteus Fitch. Sub-species maculicollis. Clastoptera proteus Fitch. Sub-species nigricollis. Clastoptera proteus Fitch. var. vittata Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., 1ii, 186, 1895. Clastoptera pint Fitch. Cat. Hom. N. Y., 53, 1851. Clastoptera saint-cyri Provancher. Nat. Can., iv, 351, 1872. Black, often conspicuously marked with bright yellow; front strongly inflated, disc sharply rounded convex, rising abruptly from face at sides, without transverse striae, upper two-thirds ~ black, lower third yellow; size medium to- large. Length 3.5-4mm.; width 2-2.5 mm. Vertex very slightly depressed transversely, anterior margin not distinctly carinated; ocelli nearer each other than eyes; front strongly inflated, disc sharply rounded convex, rising abruptly from face at sides, upper two-thirds black, lower third, lorae, and clypeus yellow, a medium black dot on clypeus; abdomen black or fuscous, legs bright yellow, a lateral line on femur, one on each side of tibia, tarsal segments and last segment of rostrum, black; pronotum indistinctly wrinkled transversely, anterior margin but slightly produced between the eyes; hemelytral margins broadly, regularly rounding from base to apex. New Haven, 4 July, Putnam, 12 July, West Thompson, 12 July, Cole- brook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Windsor, 26 July, 1905 (W. E. B.); Portland, 14 July, 1914, Hamden, 15 July, 1918 (M. P. Z.). C. proteus var. saint-cyri Provancher (flava Ball 1895). Anterior two-thirds of clavus yellow; scutellum with a yellow spot, or black. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, District of Columbia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Arkansas, Colorado, Cali- fornia, and Ontario and Quebec (Can.). It has been reported from North Carolina (Metcalf). Brookfield, 27 July, ? (E. L. D.). C. proteus var. vittata Ball. Clavus yellow with an oblique black vitta through the middle; pronotum variable, with one yellow band anteriorly, with two yellow bands anteriorly, or entirely yellow. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, and Ohio. C. proteus var. pini Fitch. (migra Ball 1895). Clavus entirely black; anterior margin of pronotum narrowly, No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 235 vertex and front next to vertex more broadly banded with yellow, or yellow bands wanting, entirely black above, legs darker. Broadly hyaline margin of elytra interrupted behind middle of clavus with darker. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, District of Columbia, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Ontario and Quebec (Can.). It has been reported from West Virginia and Pennsylvania (Ball). Brookfield, 27 July, 2 CE. L. D.). C. xanthocephala Germar. (Fig. 20, 74-77.) Clastopiera xanthocephala Germar. Zeit. fur die Ento., 1-189, 1839. Small; size and coloration relatively constant; dark brown or black above varying to glaucus, usually a small white spot on center of costa; front moderately inflated, disc broadly convex, light above, transversely marked with a broad light band. Length 2.5-3.5mm.; width 1.5-2.5 mm. Vertex not strongly depressed, suture with front indistinct; ocelli equidistant from eyes and each other; front with disc more broadly convex than in proteus, moderately inflated; pronotum with a large number of fine indistinct transverse wrinkles, anterior margin narrowly rounded and considerably produced between the eyes; hemelytra less convex than in proteus, strongly impunctured, very sparsely pubescent, margins narrowly rounding, divergent to apical third, thence abruptly cut off to apex, forming a lateral obtuse angle. Color: Typical form dark brown or black above, a small white spot on center of costal margin; anterior margin of vertex lighter ; front above light, transversely marked with interrupted brown bands, a broad band below these and the greater portion of clypeus dark brown to black, the included portions of front and clypeus, and lorae, margin of anterior coxal fossae, yellow; abdomen black, legs varying light brown to black, spurs and spines tipped with black. C. xanthocephala var. glauca Van Duzee. Pale glaucus or grayish above. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Massa- chusetts, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland, District of Columbia, Ohio, Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Indian Territory, Arizona, Arkansas, and Maine. It has been reported from Florida, Virginia, Pennsylvania and Iowa (Ball). C. obtusa (Say). Alder spittle bug. (Fig. 20, 78-81.) Cercopis obtusa Say. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 339, 1825. Clastoptera achatina Germar. Zeitschr fur die Ent., 1, 187, 1830. Clastoptera testacea Fitch. Ninth Rep. St. Ent. N. Y., 393, 1851. Clastoptera obtusa Ball. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., vol. 111, 188-91, 1895. Clastoptera obtusa Ball. Subsp. i. obtusa Ball. Large, oblongate; color varying brown, marked with light 236 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. testaceous and dusky white; front moderately inflated, disc broad, flattened-convex, light above, marked with nine transverse, inter- rupted, dark brown bands. Length 4-4.5mm.; width 2-2.5 mm. Vertex very strongly transversely depressed in median line, anterior margin prominently carinate; ocelli situated near anterior margin, about equidistant from eyes and each other; front moder- ately inflated, disc broad, flattened-convex, obtusely angulate with vertex, light above, marked with nine, transverse, interrupted, dark brown bands, dark below, sometimes with a transverse light band; pronotum broad, disc slightly depressed behind elevated anterior margin, with numerous, minute, distinct wrinkles; hem- elytra minutely impunctured, clothed with a fine thick pubescence, lateral margins but slightly divergent, abruptly cut off apically; under surface black; legs stout, black variably marked with lighter. C. obtusa var. obtusa Ball. Coloration very variable so that two extremes may be found: (1) Dark; a distinct, oblique light band from scutellum to beyond middle on costal margins, which are narrowly white before; scutel- lum varying light to dark brown; vertex light, anterior margin from eye to eye darker; pronotum dark posteriorly, anterior two- thirds lighter, the anterior margin and a transverse band, brown. (2) Light; same markings as above, only much lighter and less distinct. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, District of Columbia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Ohio, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Colorado, and California. It has been reported from West Virginia and Ontario (Can.) (Ball). Yalesville, 19 Oct., 1903; Sachem’s Head, 1 Aug., 1904; New Haven, 4 Aug., 1904; Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.); Scotland, 30 July, 1904; Canterbury, 14 Aug., 1905, Poquonock, 27 June, 1905, New Haven, 27 Aug., 1906, North Haven, 15 July, 1910 (B. H. W.); Westville, 15 July, 1905, New Canaan, 14 Sept. 1905 (W. E. B.); East River, 6 Aug., 1908 (C. R. E.); Brookfield, 27 July, ?.(H. L. D.) ; Winnipauk,” 4 "Aussie Kent, 10 Aug., 1918, New Canaan, 11 Sept., 1914 (M. P. Z.); New Haven, 15 June, 1922 (P. G.). C. obtusa var. achatina Germar. Dark, dorsal color markings absent; head, pronotum, and scutellum fulvous; hemelytra varying fuscous, apical nervules accentuated; front below and clypeus banded with light transversely. Distribution: Specimens have been examined from Pennsyl- vania, Ohio, Indiana, and Wisconsin. Brookfield, 27 July, ? (E. L. D.); New Haven, 7 Sept., 1922 (P. G.). C. obtusa var. testacea Fitch. This particular form is unknown to me, and, following the No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CERCOPIDAE. 227, custom adopted by Dr. Ball:and other workers on this family, I have considered it as a variety form of obtusa and appended the original description hereto. “Testaceous; scutel rufous; elytra with a polished callous-like black dot near the apex. Length 0.20 inches.” Distribution: It has been reported from New York (Fitch), and from West Virginia, District of Columbia and New Jersey (Ball). Rainbow, 27 Sept., 1922 (P. G.). Under delicata Uhler, I have already stated, in agreement with Van Duzee (1912), that lineatocollis Stal is distinctly not a sub- species of obtusa (Say) as thought by Dr. Ball, but rather appears to me a probable synonym of delicata. A specimen determined by him as obtusa susb. lineatocollis may be placed readily as a dark form of obtusa var. obtusa. Mr. Van Duzee (1912) states that var. achatina, as included by Dr. Ball under obtusa subsp. obtusa, is not the true achatina Germar; and he proposes the variety name tristis for this form, together with proteus Provancher (1889). I cannot follow Van Duzee in this instance, having examined a specimen deter- mined by Dr. Ball as the above form, which answers the descrip- tion of achatina Germar in every particular. The form achatina appears to me, however, as quite distinct from obtusa var. obtusa and is another variety of obtusa, as placed by Van Duzee. Osborni Gillette and Baker appears to be a distinct species as listed in Van Duzee’s “Check List—1916” rather than a sub- species of obtusa, as placed by Dr. Ball. In this consideration of osborn as a distinct species, I have also accepted Van Duzee’s placing of pint Fitch as a variety of proteus supplanting the variety name nigra, as proposed by Dr. Ball. With these alterations, C. obtusa (Say) is presented above with the varieties obtusa Ball, achatina Germar, and testacea Fitch. LITERATURE. The following list includes the principal works on the family Cercopidae consulted in the preparation of this paper. Amyot and Serville. 1843. Histoire Naturelle Des Insectes Hemipteres. Ball, E. D. 1895. A Study of the Genus Clastoptera. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci., Vol. iti, 182-94. Ball, E. D. 1898. A Review of the Cercopidae of North America North of Mexico. Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci. Vol. vi, 204-26. Ball, E. D. 1901 (June). The Food Habits of Some Aphrophora Larvae. Ohio Naturalist, Vol. i, No. 8, 122-24. Edwards, James. 1806. The Hemiptera~-Homoptera of the British Islands, ages 76-81. Eee lce and Cockerell. 1804-1909. Biologia Centrali Americana. Godman ‘and Salvin. Rhynchota, Hemiptera-Homoptera, Vol. i1, 174-206. 238 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Goding, F. W. 1892. A Synopsis of the Subfamilies and Genera of the North American Cercopidae, with a Bibliographical and Synonymical Catalogue of the Described Species of North America. Kirkaldy, G. W. 1906 (Feb.). Leaf-Hoppers and their Natural Enemies. Entomological Bulletin I. Part 9. Lallemand, V. 1913. Genera Insectorum, P. Wytsman. Homoptera, Family Cercopidae. Metcalf, Z. P. 1915 (July). A List of Homoptera of North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, Vol. xxxi, No. 1. Metcalf, Z. P. 1917 (March). The Wing Venation of the Cercopidae. Annals Ent. Soc. Am:, Vol. x; No. 1, 27-31. Osborn, Herbert. 1895. The Phylogeny of Hemiptera. Proc. Ent. Soc. of Wash., Vol. iii, 185-90. Osborn, Herbert. 1916 (Sept.). Studies of Life Histories of Frog- Hoppers of Maine. Bull. 254. Me. Agric. Exp. Sta. Provancher. 18890. Hemipteres du Canada, pages 251-60. Uhler. 1876. List of Hemiptera of the Region West of the Mississippi River. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., pages 345-3409, 1876. Van Duzee, E. P. 1912. Hemipterological Gleanings. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat Sct. Vole, Van Duzee, E. P. 109016. Check List of Hemiptera of America North of Mexico. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Family CICADIDAE. By WILLIAM TuHompson Davls. This family contains the well known “periodical cicada,” incor- rectly called a “locust,” also the “harvest flies.” In some parts of our country these insects are called “jar-flies’ and “singers.” They are readily distinguished from all other native Homoptera by their large size and the ability of the males to produce a shrilling sound, which differs for each species often quite as markedly as the songs of various kinds of birds. This song is produced in the males by the rapid vibration of the timbals situated at the base of the abdomen. Strong muscles are attached to these organs and when the insect is in full song the whole body is often seen to vibrate. The eggs are laid either in the small branches of trees and in lesser plants, as in the case of the periodical cicada, or in the bark of the trunk, or in old dead branches, etc., as in most of the other species. From these situations the larvae, when hatched, fall to the ground, burrow, and suck sap from the roots of trees, bushes and herbaceous plants for many years, for they grow but slowly. The length of the life cycle of most of our species is unknown, that of the periodical cicada, from the fact that the same brood appears once every seventeen years, being the only one about which a definite statement can be made. The members of this family have three ocelli, placed in the form of a triangle on the summit of the head between the compound eyes. The antennae have a short basal joint, surmounted by a hair-like process divided into about five parts or segments. The front femora are armed with teeth. >] No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADIDAE. 239 _As far as is known at present, there are but nine species of cicadas belonging to three genera* found in the Northeastern United States, seven of which are to be found in Connecticut. Key to Genera. IemenyMmpanal COVERINGS ADSENt. -. 4:0'5 . 4.2). 's o))3) din s elma eRe slekeele aie 2 Tympanal coverings entirely concealing tympanal orifices. Head DROACeYES.PLOMIMNeENt < ......5000sse ces yee eue ee Tibicen, p. 239 2. Head, including eyes, about as broad as base of mesonotum . .... Tibicina, p. 241 Head, including eyes, considerably narrower than base of mesono- Liimta UNCuSealWays: EXpOsed ~..... cc bees cele Okanagana, p. 242 Tibicen Latreille. The species of this genus found in Connecticut are large, black and greenish colored insects with heads broader than base of mesonotum. The first and second cross veins of the fore wings are generally clouded in mature individuals, and the first cross vein starts far back from radius 3, that is, nearer to the base of the wing than in some other genera. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen beneath with a broad, shining median stripe ............ 2 Abdomen beneath without broad, shining median stripe .......... 2. Hind margin of the pronotum or collar, greenish; body black and UTES CLNIS NMI Piao gto tee Sv ayis, oiwlojei che’ ocois) ale: o/Se%s sia) stakbucl ter sley a) Bhsnepatete te Pogeels 3 Hind margin of pronotum black; wing expanse about 95 mm.; Dodveblaclotands brownish QreeMn® <<... oc oo % «1s Ge sibel spetete cette ler lyricen 3. Wing expanse about 85mm.; costal margin of fore wing rather Siud@enlvapentumear the. middle: ......... 5.5.12. 20 ence ese rea a. linnei Wing expanse about 75mm.; costal margin of fore wing an even GLIA VCMT rte a. oie. oa Su SG So ord go, boi es eis lsisyoile neh shopemeeeilers canicularis 4. Wing expanse about 115mm.; opercula short and rounded ....auletes Wing expanse about 95mm.; opercula much longer than broad chloromera T. auletes (Germar). (Pl. v, 7 and 8.) Silb. Rev. Ent., ii, 65, 1834. This may be Cicada grossa Fabricius, but in the original descrip- tion the habitat of that species is given as Brazil. Tibicen auletes is the largest cicada in Northeastern North America and may be readily distinguished by that character alone. Its general coloring is olive-green and black with the hind margin of the pronotum or collar entirely olive-green. In fresh specimens the dorsal surface of the abdomen has the basal and two terminal segments pruinose, leaving four segments between, blacks Nt least in the northern part of its range this species seems to be partial to sandy situations. Its song is monotonous and without much vim to it, and of a hot summer’s day a number of them may sometimes be heard singing together about four or five o’clock in the afternoon. * The generic names here used are those of the recently published list of Hemiptera by Edward P. Van Duzee. 240 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. New Haven, 21 Aug., 1905 (W. E. B.); 15 July 1911 (A. B. C.): 21 July, 7 Aug., 1911 (B. H. W.): ; T. canicularis (Harris): (PI. v, 5.) Rept. Ins. Mass., 175, 1841. This is the most common species of cicada in Connecticut and in the New England States generally. It is found in pine woods and in the deciduous forest. It most closely resembles Tibicen linnei, but is generally much smaller with less prominent eyes and with the tergum less shining black. The costal margins of the fore wings are not as suddenly bent near the middle as in that species, but present a more even curve. Also its song is different from that of linnet, being much more shrill. Washington (Mrs. A. T. Slosson); East Hartford, 9 Aug., 1904 GB Fl, W.); Manchester, 9 Oct., 19007 (G._H. H.);-. 13 Sept. “1610 (A. B. C.); New Canaan, 21 Sept. 1909 (B. H. W.); 11 Sept., 1910 (A. B. C.); Wallingford, 22, 28, 29 July, 6, 23 Aug., 1910 (D. J. C.); Hamden, 23 Aug., 1909 (B. H. W.); South Meriden, 1, 28 Sept., 1912 (H. L. J.); Branford, 18 Aug., 10 Sept., 1905 (H. W. W.); New Haven, © 29 Aug., 1892 (A. P. M.); 6 Oct., 1902,.7 Aug., 1906, 29 Aug., 1900, 16 Aug., 1910, 5 Aug., 1911 (B. H. W.)< tr Aus, toos (V. Churchill) ; 30 Aug,, 1907 (C. E. Olsen); 1 Sept. 19009. (A:-I. B.); 11, 28° Sep neee (G. H. H:); 21 Aug., 1911 (A: B. G:)3 26 Aug., 19013 (QO) Sere Sept., 1904, 20 Aug., 1905, 9 Sept., 1907, 10, 31 Aug., 1908, 26 Aug., 1909 CW. 2. Bt): T. linnei (Smith and Grossbeck). (PI. v, 4.) Ent. News, xviii, 127, 1907. This species has so far been reported only from the southern part of Connecticut, and does not appear to be generally distributed in the New England States, though occurring in some of the counties of New York State immediately west of Massachusetts. Its generally larger size, more prominent eyes and shining surface of the dorsum of the abdomen, and above all the bent costal margins of the fore wings, will serve to distinguish it from camicularis. Greenwich, 23 Aug., 1892 (A. P. M.); New Canaan, 10 Sept., 1914 (B. H. W.); Wallingford, 6 Aug., 1910 (D. J. C.); New Haven, 21 Sept., 1907 (B. H: Wa; and Sept. (CG. =. Olsen) ; Branford, 4 Aug,, 1905 (J. L. Zabriskie) ; and 9 Sept., 1905 (H. W. W.). T. lyricen (Degeer). -(PI. v, 3.) Memoires ili, 212, 1773. Next to canicularis this is the most plentiful species of cicada in Connecticut and has a considerable distribution in the New England States. It may be separated from its allies found in New England by its black collar (hind margin of pronotum), and the tawny colors of the fore part of the pronotum and on the mesono- tum. The legs are also tawny in color and the opercula are proportionately longer (usually about 7 mm.) than in either linnes or camcularis. Canaan, 19 Aug., 1894 (C. F. Baker) ; Washington, 6 Aug. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson) ; Farmington, 12 Aug., 1909 (W. E. B.); Stamford, 13 Aug., No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CICADIDAE. 241 1891 (A. P. M.); 16 Aug., 1912°(W. E. B.); New Canaan, 19 Sept., 1905, gioept., 1909 (B. H.W.) ; 10 Sept., 1008) 20) Sept... 1600 (W. Es By)’; 5, 11 Sept. 1914 (M. P. Z.); South Britain, 1884 (G. F. Pierce); South Meriden, 11 July, 1913 (H. L. J.);. Wallingford, 14 July, 1910 (D. J. C.); New Haven, 17 June, 1906, 8 Aug., 1911 (W. E. B.); 27 July, 1913 (G. P. Clinton); Portland, 9 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Durham, 16 Sept., 1910 (Dy). C.); Lyme, 5 Aug. ro1r (A.B. C.); Stonington, 8 ‘July, -1006 Cervus) Aug. to0cg (W. T. Davis): 8 Aug) 1o14 (.. W. D.): _ 'T. lyricen var. engelhardti (Davis). Ent. News, xxi, 458, 1910. The pronotum and mesonotum are entirely black except a tawny spot in the central portion of the former. This variety is the form found in the mountains of Virginia, North Carolina, and Georgia, which in the northern part of the range of the species is to be occasionally met with near the coast. New Canaan, 19 Sept., 1910 (D. J. C.). T. chloromera (Walker) says (Smith and Grossbeck). (PI. v, 6.) List. Homop., 143, 1850. This is not a common species in Connecticut, but is more southern in its distribution, being the most plentiful species about the city of New York. It is without the median shining longi- tudinal band on the underside of the abdomen, present in lyricen, linnei, and canicularis, and the opercula are very long, usually about 10mm. The eyes are less prominent than in the three species mentioned, and the collar is usually black, with an olive- green irregular spot near each humeral angle. Greenwich, 23 Aug., 1892 (C. F. Baker); Stamford, 13-17 Aug., 1891, 22) wus) 1804 (A. P. M.). Tibicina Kolenati. The periodical cicada or “seventeen-year locust” is the sole representative of this genus to be found in Connecticut. In addi- tion to the characters given in the key to genera it may be added that the first and second cross-veins of the fore wings are infus- cated and that the first cross vein usually joins radius 3 quite far back, that is, nearer the base of the wing than in the next genus. The basal cell of the fore wing is very small, usually about 2.5 mm. in length. T. septendecim (Linnaeus). Periodical cicada. Seventeen-year locust (bly vy, 1 and 2; egg scars, Pl) xix,)25) Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, 436, 1758. In addition to being called “periodical cicada” and “seventeen- year locust,” this species is sometimes known as the “red-eyed cicada,” or “red-eyed locust,” because in life the eyes are conspicu- ously red. The dorsum of the abdomen 1s black; the membranes at the base of all of the wings are deep orange, as are the costal margins of the fore wings. The veins are more smoky or clouded than in any other Connecticut cicada and there is often a clouded 242 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. band extending along the hind margins of both pairs of wings. It occurs earlier than the species thus far considered, being essentially a June cicada. Only two of the seven or eight broods known to occur in the northeastern United States have so far been reported from the State. These are broods ii (1911-1928), which has been reported from Fairfield, Hartford, Litchfield, Middlesex, and New Haven counties, and is the chief seventeen-year cicada brood of the State, and brood xi (1903-1920), which has been recorded from Hart- ford County, also from Rhode Island and Massachusetts. A full account of the occurrence of brood ii in 1911 may be found in the Report of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station for that year, page 296. T. septendecim var. cassinii (Fisher). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila:sivy 272, 1851. A small form or variety of this species, known as cassinu (Fisher), often occurs with the typical septendecim, and is usually not distributed over the entire range of the appearing brood, but is more local. It is generally darker beneath, the w-mark on the fore wings is not so conspicuous and the eyes are more prominent in many of the individuals, otherwise it is only to be distinguished from septendecim by being about one-third smaller. Okanagana Distant. The head is small in this genus; both the fore and hind wings are hyaline with the basal cell of the former long and narrow (about 3mm.); the first and second transverse veins of the fore wings are unclouded, the first usually joining radius 3 nearer the middle than in Tibicina.. The opercula are small and transverse, and the uncus cannot be withdrawn into the abdomen. QO. rimosa (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 235, 1830. This is the smallest species of cicada to be found in the New England States and is quite generally distributed. Like the seventeen-year species its first appearance is earlier than that of the other five species, and in the Highlands of the Hudson it emerges during the first part of June. The membranes at the base of both pairs of wings are deep orange or red in color, and there are also red spots on the head, pronotum and mesonotum; the hind border of the pronotum is red and each abdominal segment is also bordered with red. The song is weak and reminds one of that of some Orthopterous insect, like one of the smaller species of Neoconocephalus, and is quite different from the “Pha-r-r-r-r-ach” and other notes produced by the seventeen-year species. This species has not been recorded from Connecticut, but will probably be found in the hilly portion, as it occurs in both the adjoining States of New York and Massachusetts. No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PSYLLIDAE. 243 & Family PSYLLIDAE (or CHERMIDAE). By Epira Marion Patcu, Pu.D. The psyllids have something the appearance of miniature Cicadas. They come very near the aphids in their feeding habits, occurring for the most part on stem or leaf of plants, sometimes exposed but usually protected by flocculent wax secretion or by a deformation of the part of the plant affected and often in a definite gall. They are sometimes called “jumping plantlice” as their hind legs are formed for leaping. Perhaps the average size for the New England species would be about four or five millimeters in length though the different species vary from shorter to longer than that. The details of their structure make them a very fasci- nating group for microscopic study. Their feeding habits cause such species as appear on economic vegetation in large numbers to be rated as pests which need to be reckoned with. For the most part there is nothing erratic in their life cycles and both sexes appear with each generation. They are oviparous. : Forceps Ocelli ‘ . 1 pet Side the : view t] Vertex =- Dee ----- Anus f __ Facial Antenna or genal cone Upper Inner portion f Ovipositor portion Ovipositor Lower plate Fic. 21. Psyllid structures: (1) head, front view; (2) cauda of female, lateral view; (3) cauda of male, rear view; (4) cauda of male, lateral view. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Edith M. Patch. Key to Genera. 1. Head not or scarcely deflexed; genae without conical process .... 2 Head deflexed; genal cones present ...... 2 Gola etslolelcpie eieeseras/siie 5) 1 3 2. Eyes flattened: cephalic portion of head thin, s.7)).). 25... Livia, p. 244 Eyes more or less hemispherical; cephalic portion of head thick Aphalara, p. 244 Wing with M and Cu separating distad from point of juncture with IPC SJ ON ee) o747 ba nO EEO Me io biG lolchaln bs WM MOG 4 244 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Wing with R. M. and Cu branching from stem vein at same place. Big. 22 acatee cae cig o's Ww epee tee eee eee ae ore Trioza, p. 245 4. Genal cones swollen or blunt, not forming conspicuous tapering flaps: food plants restricted <0 2)7..0c2 ce. | co ee Genal cones usually produced to form conspicuous tapering flaps; food plants various 6.0 ss see are oes ties 6-0 ne ee 5. Genae swollen, usually with cones present; species all developing on sumach. CRIUS) 22... eee eee ee Calophya, p. 246 Genal cones small, blunt, subconical, divergent; species all develop- ing in galls on hackberry (Celis) s2.:0.-.4.... Pachypsylla, p. 246 6. Wings with distal portion somewhat tapering, with Rs extending to. apex. Hig. 24° 6 saree eee eee ete ee ieee Spanioneura, p. 247 Wings with distal portion bluntly rounded, and Rs at margin not nearer apex than the proximal branch of M. Fig. 24 ..Psylla, p. 247 and Psyllopsis, p. 250 Livia Latreille. Descriptions and figures of the three species here considered were published in Psyche (Patch 19124). Key to Species. 1. Distal margin of fore wings with conspicuous smoky band ....... 2 Fore wing about uniformly feebly transparent, dull brownish VOELLOW:. ac house tesa Stina ape ent roe bee one eae ke vernalis 2. Veins of fore wing white alternating with numerous black rings maculipennis Veins of fore wing not ringed with black ................. marginata L. vernalis Fitch. Diraphia femoralis Fitch. D. calamorum Fitch. Livia saltatrix Provancher. (PI. vi, 3.) Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 64, 1851. Food plant of nymph is not known. Adult found on leaves of pine and on sweet-flag (Acorus calamus) by Fitch. North Haven, 15 July, 1910 (B. H. W.); Manchester, 17 Aug., 1916 CMa -PaZs). L. maculipennis (Fitch). Duiraphia maculipennis Fitch. Levia bifasciata Provancher. (FI. vi, 1.) Trans. N. Y. Agr. Soc., xvii, 740, 1857. Nymphs develop in gall on rush (Juncus sp.) as recorded in Psyche (Patch 1916a). New Haven, 13, 30 May, 1911 (B. H. W.). *L. marginata Patch. Psyche, xix, 8, 1912. Type locality: Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Aphalara Foerster. Descriptions and figures of the species here considered were published by the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station (Patch IQ11 and 19t2b). No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PSYLLIDAE. 245 Key to Species. Ee Wings without conspicuous dark band ..... uot... ose ele we Wings with conspicuous dark submarginal band across apical half OIA WAIT gers orate oy a orn cr acay's vay a as's laos Goh e, «dye cetera te tel ested see tetatoe cna are fascipennis 2. Female with dorsal plate of cauda strongly arched, curved down- VAT Cea ty) CDN eisbecpcte c-< ovelele ska Saw o/sce¥ elle Bee yn REESE eae calthae Female with dorsal plate nearly straight lined ................ veaziei A. fascipennis Patch. Me. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 202, 217, 1912. Nymphs and food plant are not known. A. calthae (Linnaeus). NG. I, Stough, H. B. 10910. The Hackberry Psylla, Pachypsylla c.-mamma. Kansas University Science Bulletin, 5: 121-165. Family APHIDIDAE. By Epira Marion PatcuH, PuH.D.* On account of their small size aphids are to a great extent unnoticed; but when conditions are favorable to their increase there are many species of these little creatures that are capable of serious damage to the vegetation which they frequent and staple crops often suffer severely. These insects occur in winged and wingless forms and both feed by means of a jointed beak which they push into the tissues of the plant in order to suck up the sap which forms their food. They range from a little more than one-half a millimeter to about six millimeters in length. Some are sporadic in habit, while some live in gregarious colonies on stem or leaf or roots as their food plant. Some are exposed but many are protected by curled leaves or definite gall growths their presence causes. though the life cycle varies greatly for different species of aphids, the following points seem of most significance for a general statement. In the north most aphids winter in the egg stage. From the < * Papers from the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station: Entomology oO. 105. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 251 overwintering egg a wingless female hatches in the spring and is known as the stem mother. The stem mother does not deposit eggs but produces living young, and is the first of a series of forms reproducing in the same way and designated on this account vivi- parous females. The young progeny of the stem mother begin at once to feed upon the sap of the plant and in about two weeks, more or less, according to the species and weather conditions, are in turn ready to produce offspring. The first few spring generations may be wingless or at any time winged individuals or an entire winged generation may appear and fly away to fresh plants and there start new colonies where a succession of generations are produced as before. Such a flight is called the spring migration and with many species the migrants desert the host plant upon which they have been feeding and seek a plant of an entirely different species. Thus the aphid destruc- tive to hops passes part of its life cycle upon plum trees. This alternation of hosts is a point in the life history of aphids of great economic significance, for it sometimes happens that a species can be controlled on one plant and thus its attack upon the other or alternate host be prevented. After a species has spent all or a part of the summer upon the second host plant, winged individuals called fall migrants appear and return to the same kind of plant, the winter host, upon which the stem mother and spring generations had lived, and there con- tinue to breed. Up to this time no males have appeared and all of the forms, whether winged or wingless, have been females giving birth to living young agamically as was the case with the stem mother. But immediately following or soon after the fall migration there are developed the true sexes—males and egg-laying females. These oviparous females deposit one or few comparatively large eggs in which stage the insect winters and from which the stem mother hatches in the spring. It is to such an outline as the foregoing that a species whose life history is unknown must be referred as a working basis. Any variation of the general life cycle of the aphids, however, is not a fair cause for surprise, for these insects have peculiar ways of their own which sometimes seem very erratic. For instance, besides the winter egg on the winter host some species, as the “alder blight” (Prociphilus tessellata) and the “woolly aphid of the apple” (Eriosoma lanigerum), have a second method of passing the cold season and that is as hibernating nymphs which remain in hiding at the roots or in rubbish about the base of the summer host. These hibernating nymphs come forth in the spring to feed, thus giving continued generations upon a single food plant as well asa cycle which includes a migration to an alternate host. The characters used for descriptions and keys are many but they 252 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. center for the most part about the structures indicated in the accompanying diagram (fig. 25). 3 For the study of structural characters of value in determining species, reference to the following papers will prove useful (see pages 331-335), Baker (1915), (19171), (191842); Borner (1908); Cholodkovsky (1915); Odcstlund (19192) ; Patch (19098) ; Pergande (1903) ; Swain (1919a); Tullgren (1909) ; van der Goot (1915); Vickery (1908) ; Witlaczil (1882). ~ Antennal tubercle - Ocular tubercie : — horacic tubercle Lateral s. tubercles art 7 abdomen rx --Cornicle Paras a: > Sea: nna Fic. 25. Diagram of aphid, showing structures ae in classification. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Edith M. Patch. Key to Genera. 1. Fore wings with three oblique veins; the stigmal vein (Rs) want- ing; M never branched; cornicles never present; all generations Footnote: The manuscript of this paper was first put into shape for publication in June, 1916. In January, 1920, it was revised. The three years and more during which the paper lay idle have been, systematically speaking, a period of growing pains for the aphids. The species of Phylloxera and Chermes, after tugging for many years at the apron strings No. 34.]| © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 253 oviparous,—the parthenogenetically produced larva incompletely developed when deposited and protected by an egg membrane ... Family PHYLLOXERIDAE or CHERMESIDAE 2 Fore wing with four oblique veins; the stigmal vein (Rs) present (except when incomplete or wanting in Calaphis); the second vein (M) simple or once or twice branched; the single annual gamogenetically produced generation, only, developing externally as eggs; the parthenogenetically produced larva completely devel- oped when deposited, rarely with a pellicle from which it frees HESeAEVONCE Mieree ene. love eie 6 tle G bn'ed'ec ceeds Family APHIDIDAE 3 2. Antenna of alate female with five segments. Always on conifers Chermes, p. 329 Antenna of alate female with three or four segments. Never on COMMCTS Me ee ie so iacs.acsieie lore Sain lhc a aceite ce eas Phylloxera, p. 330 SHARIA ALTOP MYCE) cice's xis oi bie eiee eos ose cede susie gunlolstete siaiereeeniunee 4 AEST O LMA UODIICE pielaicis ews sc 4 6co%s. 0+ bin: baud iw osdsas ay 6 lel Cnc a eee te eee 5 4. Antenna with five segments ......... Mastopoda APHIDINI, p. 311 PNmtenila with SIX Sefiments ........0..0.000c8 [Atarsos] APHIDINI Cae enind: tarsus not excessive in length .....0.5... 0054s ece ed ce cleo 6 of Aphididae Passerini, are well-nigh certainly established as an independent family though for convenience a few old-fashioned people still speak of them in subfamily terms. The genus Aphis has been threatened with a disaster as great as has ever befallen a zoological name but has happily been allowed to retain her association with certain of her adopted species. To be sure many of her daughters have been christened anew, a ceremony long needed and prophesied more than thirty years ago by Oestlund (1887). There have been spasms in the present aphid upheaval which remind one of a red revolution, with each individual species not only shrieking for a generic name of her own but also the liberty of flaunting an unlimited number of trinomials by virtue of which our common and well-known pea aphid has been published fourfold as follows; .Acyrthosiphon pisi pist, Acyrthosiphon pisi destructor, Acyrthosiphon pist turanicum, and Acyrthosi- phon pist ussuricnsis. With such extreme radicalism the writer has no personal sympathy but on the other hand most of the recent systematic work with aphids has been concerned with legitimate and logical changes resulting necessarily from intensive study with a family of insects the nomenclatural history of which is crowded with both synonyms and composite species,—a natural and healthy growth. It is therefore not in a spirit of adverse criticism that the present paper is allowed to go to press already out of date in many respects before it is published. It is rather that the writer feels that there may be a place for a connecting link between the aphid literature of yesterday and that of to-morrow. It should be stated therefore that this paper is not prepared especially for the use of systematic aphidologists. The works recently published (or still in preparation) by Messrs. Baker, Oestlund, Swain and Wilson need no addition that the writer is equipped to make. It is rather offered, in a spirit of sincere human sympathy, to the “lay entomologist” who is experiencing a mental (and perhaps a moral) struggle in learning for example to call the insect he has long known as Aphis avenae Fab. by the name Rhopalosiphum prunifoliae Fitch. Criticisms or suggestions or determinations by practically all the aphid workers of America should be gratefully acknowledged, though the writer should be held accountable for the keys as they stand except as follows: Dr. A. C. Baker contributed the section devoted to the Callipterini and determined the insects belonging to this tribe; Mr. Asa Maxson contributed the Pemphiginae; and Mr. H. F. Wilson prepared the Lachnid portion. 254 IO. Il. 12. 13. 14. iS. 16. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Hind tarsus with second joint excessive in length, approximating length of hind tibia, first joint reduced (apparently lacking) .. [Trama] LACHNINI, p. 256 Stigma narrow and long. Stigma or stigmal shading extending about curve of wing nearly to distal tip of Rs ..7.. 2223) ee 7 Stigma not unusttal.in forégoing respect 53.2 2.2....e40e 2 oe 8 M once branched. Only on conifers .2...... 4.0.4. 403, eee Mindarus MINDARINAE, p. 328 M twice branched. St Cabs 60, 1655. Apterous viviparous female: General color shining metallic black with a series of white pruinose spots on the dorsum. The typical specimens have a median dorsal line along the abdomen extending from the prothorax to the cauda. Usually there are two white spots on the thorax, and four on the abdomen, one in front and one behind each cornicle. The legs are black and strongly curved. The cornicles are jet black. Antennae with the third, fourth and fifth segments light colored at the base and black at the tips; the sixth segment black. Antennae long and slender, the sixth segment long and finger- like. Third antennal segment much longer than the fourth and fifth segments together; fourth and fifth segments without sen- soria and the fifth with two. Rostrum extending slightly beyond the hind coxae, cornicles with a wide sloping base. Cauda broadly acute with a rounded tip. Antennae body and legs with long drooping hairs. Measurements: Length of body, 3 to 5mm. Length of anten- nal segments, iii; 0.4 mm.; iv, 0.15 mm.; v,0.2mm.; vi, 0.16%nm: Total length, 1.09 mm. Rostrum, ili, 0.21 mm.; iv, 0.187 mm.; v, 0.063mm. Total length, 19mm. Length of hind tibia, 2.7mm.; hind tarsus, 0.12 and 0.29 mm. Alate viviparous female: General color, black, sometimes tinged with brown. It is conspicuous because of the white line down the center of the body and the white spots on the abdomen similar to the apterous form. The antennae are long and slender with the No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 267 sixth antennal segment long and finger-like. Third antennal seg- ment with ten to twelve irregular round sensoria; the fourth with two or three and the fifth with two. Rostrum reaching to the cornicles with broad sloping :sides. Cauda broadly angular. Antennae, body and legs with long drooping hairs. Measurements: Length of body, 3mm. Length of antennal segments, ill, 0.45 mm.; iv, 0.17mm.; v, 0.22mm.; vi, .18 mm. Mota length, 1.36mm. Rostrum, iii, 0.21 mm.; iv, 0.187 mm.; v, 0.063mm. Total length, 1.97mm. Length of hind tibia, 2.70mm.; hind tarsus, 0.1 and 0.27 mm. Food plant: Pinus strobus. Springdale, 5 Sept., 1903; Waterbury, 1 April 1904, eggs; West Goshen, 15 Oct., 1909 (S. N. Spring) ; New Haven, 10 Nov., 1910; Middletown, 22 June 1ort;) Portland, 5 June, 1914; Hartford, 23 July, 1915. (M. P: Z.). D. pinivora (Wilson). Lachniella pinivora Wilson. Can. Ent., li, 44, 1919. Alate viviparous female: Antennae light-colored at the base of the third, fourth and fifth antennal segments, distal portion of these segments and the sixth dusky. First and second pairs of legs yellowish at the base of the femora and along the middle of the tibiae. Other parts and tarsi deep dusky brown. Hind femora yellow at the base and dark brown at the joint, hind tibiae with yellow area clear and covering about one-third of the segment. Cornicles large and volcano-shaped. Cauda and anal plate both broadly rounded. ‘Third antennal segment with seven medium- sized sensoria widely set apart, fourth with one or two and fifth with two. Third segment shorter than the last three together, five distinctly longer than four, and six four-fifths as long as four. Beak short, extending to the farther edge of the middle coxae. Hairs long and drooping but not so much as in L. strobi. Measurements: Length of body, 2.9mm. Length of antennal segments, ili, 0.55 mm.; iv, 0.22mm.; v, 0.24mm.; vi, 0.164 mm. Rostrum, iii, 0.172 mm.; iv, 0.15 mm.; vi, 0.63 mm. Total length, 1.25mm. Length of hind tibia, 2.29mm. Hind tarsus, 0.27 mm. Food plant: Pinus spp. D. curvipes (Patch). Lachnus curvipes Patch. Me. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 202, 161, 1912. Apterous viviparous female: Antennae long and slender. Third segment approximately equal in length to the fourth, fifth and sixth. Fourth segment shorter than the fifth and longer than the sixth. Third segment with one or two sensoria near the distal end. The fourth with a single small one at the distal end and the fifth with one small and one large one. Tarsi and tip of tibiae black. Hind tibiae deep dusky black except at the base and very strongly curved. Rostrum slender and reaching to the base of the cornicles. Cornicles with a wide cone-shaped base. Cauda bluntly pointed. Antennae, legs, and body with short, more or less drooping hairs. 268 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Measurements: Length of body, 4to 5mm. Width of abdomen about 3mm. Length of antennal segments, ili, 0.9mm.; iv, 0.27mm.; v, 0.35mm.; vi, 0.23mm. Total length, 2.02 mm. Rostrum, ili, 0.27 mm. ; a 0.25mm.; v,0.083mm. Total length, 2.49mm. Length of hind tibia, 4mm.; hind tarsus, 0.166 mm. and ¢©.35 mm. Alate viviparous female: General color in balsam deep brown. Antennae and legs dark brown, with the tarsi tips of the tibiae and distal three-fourths of hind tibiae deep dusky brown. Antennae long and slender; the third segment has ten to twelve round sen- soria which vary more or less in size. The fourth segment has two or three sensoria and the fifth one small and one large one near the distal end. Rostrum long and slender reaching nearly to the tip of the abdomen. Wings long and broad with the angle formed by m'm? extending well beyond the base of the radial sector. Hind tibiae long and slender and slightly curved but not so much so as in the apterous forms. Cauda~-bluntly angular. Antennae, body and legs with short stout spines. Measurements: Length of body, 4mm. Length of antennal segments, ill, 0.97 mm.; iv, 0.37mm.; v, 0.47mm.; vi; 0.26 mm. Totai length, 2.14mm. Rostrum, i111, 0.31 mm.; iv, 0.25 mm.; v, 0.083mm. Total length, 3.33mm. JLength of hind tibiae, 3.54mm.; hind tarsi, 0.145 mm.; 0.41 mm. Food plant: Abies balsamea. Lachnielila Del Guercio. L. juniperivora Wilson. Ent. News, xxx, 6, 1919. Alate viviparous female: Specimens in balsam show no distinct coloration of antennae and legs, these parts appearing to be light dusky throughout. Third antennal segment approximately equal in length to the fourth and fifth segments, fourth segment shorter than the fifth, fifth and sixth about equal. Third segment with about six round sensoria of irregular size and not in alignment; fourth segment with two and fifth with two. Beak extending to the tip of the abdomen. The antennae are quite distinct: from those of the other species in this genus and the cornicles are much broader at the base than those of Schizolachnus tomentosus. Cornicles with a wide sloping base. Cauda rounded, anal plate angular. Antennae, legs and body with a moderate number of medium hairs. Measurements: Length of body, 1.8mm. Length of antennal segments, iii, 0.37 mm. ; iv, 0.166 mm.; v, 0.187 mm.; vi, 0.187 mm. Total length, 1.02 mm. Rostrum, iii, 0.21 mm.$; iv, 0.20 mnie 007mm. Total length, 1.82 mm. Pencie of hind tibia, 1.36mm.; hind tarsus, 0.083 mm. and 0.21 mm. Food plant: Juniperinus virginiana. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 269 Schizolachnus Mordwilko. S. pineti (Fabricius). Aphis pineti Fabricius. Spec. Ins:, 11, 380, 1781. This species is easily distinguished by the white flocculent waxy threads which cover the body. The wing venation is somewhat deceptive as the median vein is frequently simple. The sensoria are variable on the antennae of the alate forms as there are in most specimens none on the third segment. In others there may be from one to five. The location of these is quite distinctive as they are located on the basal half of the segment instead of the distal half which is the case with practically all other Lachnids. Apterous viviparous female: General color dusky dark grayish green, covered with waxy threads which come from glands situated mostly on the dorsum of each abdominal segment. Eyes deep red almest black, basal portions of the antennae, the cornicles and the legs, except a small portion of the front and middle tibia, dusky black. The hind tibiae are jet black. The antennae are long and slender, reaching midway between the hind coxae and the cornicles. The third segment is shorter than the fourth and fifth segments together, the fourth is slightly longer than the fifth and the sixth is shorter than either of these; three and four without sensoria and five with the usual large one at the distal end. Cornicles small and irregularly cone-shaped. Cauda broadly angled. Measurements: Length of body, 2.15mm. Length of antennal segments, iii, 0.46mm.; iv, 0.19 mm.; v, 0.20mm.; vi, 0.17 mm. Total length, 1.15mm. Rostrum, iii, 0.12mm.; iv, 0.Imm.; v, 0.063 mm. Total length,8mm. Length of hind femur, 1.05 mm. ; hind tibia, 1.62 mm.; hind tarsus, 0.083 + 0.33 mm. Alate viviparous female: General color same as apterous forms. Anténnae perhaps a little more dusky. All parts of the legs are black except the middle portion of the second pair of tibiae. Measurements: Length of body, 2.14mm. Length of antennal segments, iii, 0.41 mm.; iv, 0.23 mm.; v, 0.23 mm.; vi, 0.187 mm. Total length, 1.25mm. Rostrum same as in apterous form. Length of hind femur, 1.1 mm.; hind tibia, 1.78 mm.; hind tarsus, 0.083 + 0.35 mm. 7 Food plants: Pinus scopulorum, P. radiata. Unilachnus Wilson. U. parvus (Wilson). Lachnus parvus Wilson. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xli, 104, 1915. Alate viviparous female: Body elongate and slender, antennae and legs medium slender and thickly covered with long slender hairs. Antennae reaching to the third pair of coxae and the rostrum reaching to the second pair; rostrum broad and blunt at 270 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. the tip. The third antennal segment bears about eight small sen- soria; the fourth two and the fifth a single large one near the distal end; sixth with the usual large one near the base of the antennal spur. Wings hyaline and the median vein but a very indistinct single piece. Cornicles small and more or less bell- shaped. The opening rather large for the base. Cauda bluntly angled. Measurements: Length of body, 1.48mm.; width, 0.6mm. Length of antennal segments, ill, 0.32mm.; iv, 0.154mm.; v, 0.176mm.; vi, 0.154mm. Length of wing, 2.5mm.; length of hind tibia, 0.92 mm. ; length of hind tarsus, 0.3 mm. and 0.066 mm. ; length of rostrum, 0.49 mm. Food plants: Pinus rigida, P. virginiana. Eulachnus Del Guercio. E. agilis (Kaltenbach). Lachnus agilis Kaltenbach. Mon. der Pflanz., 161, 1843. Apterous viviparous female: General color, orange-brown to greenish black; the color is caused to vary more or less by a grayish pulverulence covering the body. When placed in balsam, four rows of black spots are visible on the body and from each one there arises a long spine-like hair. Antennae light at the base and shading to black at the tip. Antennae long and slender and quite spiny. The third segment is not quite as long as four and five together, segments four and six approximately equal. The rostrum is short, not quite reaching the hind coxae. The cornicles are small with a narrow cone-shaped base. Entire body covered with long spine-like hairs. Measurements: Length of body, 2.4mm. Length of antennal segments, ili, 0.45 mm.; iv, 0.24mm.; v, 0.31 mm.; vi, 0.24 mm. Total length, 1.4mm. Length of hind tibia, 1.6mm.; hind tarsi, 0.12 mm. and .22 mm. Alate viviparous female: General color dark green or brown covered with white waxy powder or threads. When mounted in balsam the head and thorax are brownish and the abdomen green- ish brown. Antennae and hind pair of legs black, the tibia of the front pair of legs light-colored except at the ends of the segment. Antennae long and slender and set with long black spine-like hairs. The third segment without sensoria, fourth and fifth with one each. Other characters as in apterous forms. Measurements: Length of body, 2mm. Length of antennal segments, 111, 0.44mm.; iv, 0.25mm.; v, 0.26mm.; vi, 0.19 mm. Total length, 1.3mm. Length of hind tibia, 1.6mm. Length of hind tarsus, 0.12 mm. and .22 mm. Food plant: Pinus spp. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 271 Essigella Del Guercio. E. pini Wilson. Ent. News, xxv, I, 1919. Apterous viviparous amma: General color a light yellowish green, with a series of rows of small brown spots on the abdomen. The fore part of the body is quadrangular, while the abdomen tapers to a point. The antennae are five-segmented. The ros- trum of this species and of E£. californica are also quite distinct, the terminal segment being crescent-shaped at the tip. The cor- nicles are small and without the large cone-shaped base found in most species of Lachnids. Length of body, 1.5 mm. Alate viviparous female: The antennae are five-segmented. General color yellowish green; the thorax being brownish (?). The abdomen is marked with a series of brown spots which occur in longitudinal rows. The antennae are short and have five seg- ments; distal half of the third, and the fourth and fifth segments, brown. The fifth segment is longer than the fourth and the fourth and fifth together are slightly longer than the third; third segment with three and sometimes four roundish sensoria; fourth with one large one at the distal end, and the fifth with one large and several small ones near the tip. The head is set with coarse spines, six of which are set in front; similar spines are found on the body. The antennae have a few inconspicuous spines widely set apart. The legs are distinctly spiny but not as much so as in Essigella californica. The rostrum is short with the third and fourth segments quadrangular and the terminal segment half moon-shaped and not acutely pointed as in other species of Lachninae. Wings long and narrow, front wing usually with the median vein simple. The tibiae are short and rather stout while in E. californica they are longer and more slender. The cornicles are but openings with thickened edges. The cauda is angular with the tip elongated into a sharp nipple-like projection. Measurements: Length of body, 1.55mm. Length of antennal segments, iii, 0.21 mm.; iv, 0.Imm.; v,0.145mm. Total length, 0.6mm. Length of wing, 2.33 mm.; width,ogmm. Length of beak, 0.64mm. Length of hind tibiae, 0.85 mm.; hind tarsus, O.I mm. and 0.145 mm. Food plants: Pinus strobus, P. virgiana, P. spp. Subfamily ApHipINAE—Tribe CALLIPTERINI. By ArtHur CHALLEN BAKER, PH.D. The tribe Callipterini is composed of forms which live upon the foliage and bark of plants. The species in many subtribes have developed peculiar habits. Some are almost solitary whereas others live in colonies. Some have developed the power of leaping 272 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. whereas others are very sedentary. The sexual forms do not vary greatly from the viviparous ones. In nearly all of the subtribes the males are winged, but in the Saltusaphidina they are apterous. In the other tribes several kinds of males may be found in the same species. Apterous males and fully winged males may be seen and various types of intermediate males also occur. The oviparous females are nearly always apterous but in the Phyllaphidina winged oviparous females are present in the genera Tamelia and Neophyllaphis. The latter genus, however, does not occur in New Engiand. The wing veins are not greatly reduced in any members of the tribe. Considerable variation, however, is shown in the cornicles, although they are never long and prominent as in the Aphidini. The usual form is the truncate cornicle seen in Myzocallis, Chaito- phorus, etc. Very often they are sculptured. In some cases they are reduced to small cup-shaped structures and again they may be represented by mere rings. 4 ( u é i as LI Acid, Fic. 26. Structures of aphids of the Subtribe Pterocommina. (1-2) Melanoxantheriuim medium Baker. (3-4) Pterocomma populea Kaltenbach. (5-6) Melanoxantherium smithiae Monell. (7-8) Melanoxantherium bicolor Oestlund. (9-10) Melanoxantherium beulahensis Cockerell. (11-12) Melanoxantherium flocculosum Weed. (13-14) Melanoxantherium salicts Linnaeus. (15-16) Melanoxantheriwm populifoliae Fitch. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. A. C. Baker. 3 AR ABALLE PAAR AS =a 10 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 273 The antennae are as a rule-long and slender and are armed with few sensoria excepting in the males. ‘These sensoria are usually small and subcircular or oval in shape. In rare cases they are elongate. The cauda is generally knobbed and the anal plate bilobed. In some cases, however, both cauda and anal plate are rounded and in the Saltusaphidina the anal plate is completely divided. Wex secretion is present to a limited extent. It is most promi- nent in the Phyllaphidina. Here there are large abdominal wax plates in all of the forms and the insects present a woolly-like appearance on the foliage. Wax secretion is also present in the genus Euceraphis, but only to a limited extent and in the Saltusa- phidina it is especially prominent in some of the oviparous forms. This holds true also in the Phyllaphidina. The habit of leaping is most prominently developed in the Saltusaphidina as the name implies. Here the muscles of the femora are greatly enlarged for this purpose. Many other mem- bers of the tribe greatly approach this condition and in this con- nection the genus Monellia may be especially mentioned. Others, although they do not distinctly leap, drop so suddenly when disturbed that they almost appear to do so. Our common Symydobius on the birch is very difficult to collect on account of such a habit. Certain species are closely attended by ants in return for the honey dew excreted and some species are protected by these insects by means of sheds or roofs built over colonies on the leaves or twigs. The relations of the different subtribes may be expressed by the accompanying diagram. (Tig. 27.) Key to Subtribes. 1. Eyes of alate form with ocular tubercles present; head not elongate 2 Eyes without ocular tubercles; head often elongate ........... Saltusaphidina, p. 280 2, Antennae armed with many rather long prominent hairs ......... 3 Antennae with minute bristles or only a very few hairs .......... 5 3. Cornicles present ....0....cec ces eece ecco esennercetceens BRB ee 4 GormiGlesiaDSeTUy Mc). sige sce al gun's wie ose 'cye aro)m insole) alacate Fullawayina, p. 288 4. Cornicles cylindrical or vasiform ........-.+:-. Pterocommina, p. 288 Cornicles truncate, enlarged at base ........... Chaitophorina, p. 281 5. Cornicles present, position as usual ........+eeeee seers sere eens Be is Cornicles absent above .........--- eae Beene dion dc [ Monaphidina] 6. Cornicles rarely reduced to mere rings; insects not prominently woolly; never gall makers ..........- esses sees eee e eee e eee ees ” Cornicles reduced to rings; large abdominal wax plates present making the insects prominently woolly; occasionally gall makers Phyllaphidina, p. 287 7. Cornicles variable, usually rather long and somewhat _ swollen ; oviparous female with an elongate ovipositor Drepanosiphina, p. 285 Cornicles never long, always short and truncate; oviparous female not always with an elongate ovipositor ......... Callipterina, p. 274 274 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. . [Bull. Subtribe CALLIPTERINA. Cornicles present, truncate in form. Antennae with setae or spines of six segments and armed with subcircular or in a few cases somewhat elongate sensoria. Wings often clouded, mottled or banded. Cauda as a rule knobbed, anal plate usually more or less indented or bilobed. Body often armed with capitate hairs or spines. Monaphidina Fullawayina Saltusaphidina Drepanaphidina Pterocommina Callipterina Phy llaphidina Chaitophorina Callipterine Fic. 27. Derivation of Callipterine aphids. Drawing by Dr. A. C. Baker. Key to Genera. 1. Cauda not distinctly knobbed; anal plate entire or nearly so ..... 2 Cauda distinctly knobbed; anal plate bilobed or sometimes deeply GiVIdEM.. x ose te oo ee 2 Cornicles without a distinct flange and abruptly constricted at distal extremity. . <,.3 eee een eee eee os se ee flocculosum 2. Cornicles much more than twice as long as their greatest diameter 3 Cornicles about twice as long as their greatest diameter ...... smithiae 3. Cornicles much longer thanhind@tarsi®:-2...-..-...+. see Cornicles about equal in length to the hind tarsi ............. medium 4. Cornicles about twice as long asthe hind tarsi ...........0 222m 5 No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 289 Cornicles much more than twice as long as the hind tarsi, much swollen in the middle and bright orange in color ............. salicis 5. Unguis of segment vi of antenna about equal in length to the eopmicies ‘and about twice as long as base). .) 4a eae bicolor Unguis of segment vi considerably shorter than the cornicles and MOumtwaceras Ong as DAaSe. 3... <2. 5. oc te populifoliae M. bicolor (Oestlund). Melanoxanthus bicolor Oestlund. (Fig. 26, 7-8.) Aphid. Minn., 36, 1887. M. flocculosum Weed. Melanoxanthus flocculosus Weed. (Fig. 206, II-I2.) Ins. Life, iii, 291, 1891. M. populifoliae (Fitch). Aphis populifoliae Fitch. (Fig. 26, 15-16.) | Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 66, 1851. M. medium (Baker). Pterocomma media Baker. (Fig. 26, 1-2.) Jour. Econ. Ent., 10, 4431, 1917. On poplar. Manchester, 3 Sept., 1909 (A. I. B.); on Carolina poplar, New Canaan, 21 Sept., 1909 (A. I. B.). M. salicis (Linnaeus). Aphis salicis Linnaeus. (Fig. 26, 13-14.) Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, 453, 1758. M. smithiae (Monell). Chattophorus smithiae Monell. (Fig. 26, 5-6.) Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., v, 32, 1870. On poplar. New Canaan, 9 Oct., 1902; on willow, New Haven, 30 Aug., 1909 (A. I. B.); on poplar, New Canaan, 19 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.). No species of the genus Pterocomma has as yet been definitely recorded from New England. Subtribe SALTUSAPHIDINA. Forms living usually on the foliage of sedges; bodies elongate, eyes without ocular tubercles; legs often modified for leaping; sexes usually both apterous; cornicles reduced; antennae held out in front of body. Key to Genera. Head considerably elongate; cornicles cup-shaped; legs modified OTN CAUSA OgM egy ore acre ooa-c ates! cle ovare] cctn ds Uae eee Saltusaphis, p. 289 Head not much elongate; cornicles mere rings; legs not modified for leaping; oviparous female with prominent wax glands .... Thripsaphis, p. 290 Saltusaphis Theobald. Cornicles truncate or cup-shaped; antennae of six segments, N. B. Melanoxantherium antennatum Patch is known only from the Oviparous female. Io 290 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. minutely setose; sensoria small and subcircular. Head elongate, ocular tubercles absent. Fore wing with the media twice branched, hind wing with the cubitus usually absent. Cauda knobbed, anal plate divided, caudal extremity of abdomen some- times bilobed. Body often covered with modified spines. Key to Spectes. Body without prominent hairs excepting simple ones on the caudal POEtION; “vertex stronely conic! sa: eee eee ee ee elongatus Body with knobbed hairs about 0.016 mm. long; vertex not strongly COMICAL | a5.g5id arated ora aumento eee ecetae a eee alten Per ee americanus S. americanus Baker. (PI. ix, I.) Gang Pita exc ltx 9s 2101s. S. elongatus Baker. (PI. ix, 3.) Canr Ent. « 0.0/e'e 0, 8 a) duele cinnche HORE oun bakeri Cauda broadly conical, not with evident constriction near middle .. 19 Cauda elongate and usually with constriction near middle ........ 35 Cornicle and antennal segment iv subequal in length. Spring HOMINSMOM GV LOUNIULNED abvs-n sco oi x +.d'a ala'su a ci arere ave ona shehapaennee .viburniphila @orniclevand«y, subequal; On. Prunus ..0/.). bd bees nee tuberculata Cauda broadly conical, not with evident constriction near middle 21 Cauda elongate and usually with constriction near middle ........ 22 Cornicle not longer than antennal segment v ................. folsomi Cornicle distinctly longer than- Vi sos vie). <.5)c Peo aie Serene forbesi Distance between second fork of M and margin of wing not more than one-third as long as distance between first and second fork 23 Distance between second fork of M and margin of wing plainly more than one-third as long as distance between first and second POT anes ire aH us aes ood e wlae a glee et Nate vent Reo eae 24 * Measured exclusive of claws. 292 23 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 20. 30. at 32. 33. 34. 35. 43. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Cornicle shorter than 1 2 /.c.2 4 Ree eee eee eae eee 33 Cornicle longer than antennal segment iii .................. salicicola Antennal segment 111 shorter than 4vitov.2........).. 220) cee 25 TL at least subequal -to ‘iv -- Vee eee ee maidiradicis Cornicle nearly or quite as long as filament of antennal segment vi 26 Cornicle plainly shorter than filament of wi ...........5.5.2-2 ee 29 Filament more than twice as long as base .......2......5-. coer 27, Base of antennal segment vi as long as or longer than one-half the - filament °sf «/.'s se daislanis cee etn ee eee medicaginis Filament subequal to v --base Of vi-...252..../.-:2/255. eee Filament of antennal segment vi about three-fourths the length of Vv sb base Oh Vi on fn aie of Sache sees Ra Shore, eect ont ee laburni Antennal iii with about four or five sensoria ............... rubiphila Ill with about eight to ten sensoriay--:<:.......2:s.24.0-e eee pomi Cornicle subequal to or longer than antennal segment iv .......... 30 Cornicle shorter than viens ee eee ein. os oa ce 34 Cornicle distinctly: shorter -thanuitt’ 2.2.4.2... ..<. 0.0 eee eee 31 Cornicle and antennal segment iii subequal ................ spiraecola (sometimes gossypii) Antennal segment iv typically with sensoria ....... ts Las ee 32 1V typically without sensoria 2: ee. 4-0 0; 2 se ee ee gossypii Sensoria of antennal segment iv typically confined to distal two- thirds of segment and often grouped rather than in a row ..sanborni Sensoria of iv in row and not typically confined to distal two-thirds Of “Segment. max ng eesti et Sted eras sais ale cs abbreviata Cornicle at least three times as long as second joint of hind tarsus exclusive Of. Cla wis os Sons ne Gos c Som aici vieskiniie sce eee coreopsidis Cornicle about twice the length of second tarsal joint ......... furcata Cornicle distinctly less than twice the length of second tarsal joint (séé-alsO 227)’ au cr en ee eee etna ao cl sleet eee maidiradicis Filament of antennal segment vi about three times as long as base cerasifoliae Filament about two times length of base ................2... 00 sedi Cornicle plainly shorter than twice the length of second joint of tarsus ‘Cexclusive of claws): os Bisco. occlsa «oes es as bee 36 Cornicle at least approximately as long as twice the length of tarsus 38 Wing veins Ordinary, wwe dotetee ote ne tie oe id se ok so 37 Wing veins noticeably heavy and a little blurred ....pseudobrassicae Antenna with filament of vi hardly more than twice the length of base Of Vii ‘es akc oka ee ee ere sss on ma2idis Filament of vi more than twice the length of base ..... pseudoavenae Cornicle distinctly longer than segment iv of antenna ............ 30 Cornicle subequal to iv (or at most not distinctly longer) ........ AI Filament more than twice as long as base ..-..........:: a00sneee AO Base of antennal segment vi as long as one-half the filament ..: rufomaculata Abdomen green. Species occurring on Helianthus and Cornus .. helianthi Abdomen black or dark red with rows of white pulverulent spots on dorsum. On Populus). sete eens sss davisi Antennal segments iv-+ v distinctly longer than ili .............. 42 IV + v subequal to iii or not distinctly longer ............/233e V without secondary sensoriayesesese eet > s+ + 5 «= 43 Antennal segment v with secondary sensoria ................. varians Base of vi about one-half as long as filament and as much as two- thirds as Jong as v i:i2sjse eee ee ast eee Base of antennal segment vi about one-third as long as filament and about half as lone asaya eee ec eee rumicis No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 293 44. Hind tibia about three-fourths as long as Cu of fore wing .... cornifoliae Hind tibia about five-sixths as long as Cu of fore wing ...asclepiadis Aphis Linnaeus. A. abbreviata Patch. Men Agr iixpt..'Sta.,/Bull. 202, 170, 1912. A. asclepiadis Fitch. Homop. N. Y. St. Cab., 65, 1851. This species is figured by Gillette (1910). A. cardui Linnaeus. Aplis pruni Koch. (Aphis pruntfoliae Fitch of original description in part, of Thomas, 1879 and later American authors, except Pergande, up to 1917). Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, 452, 1758. Notes and figures of this long-beaked aphid are given by Patch (1914b). On European plum, West Haven, 6 June, 1914 (Joseph Lesche). A. cephalanthi Thomas. (Fig. 31, 10.) iivStelab: Nat) Hist., Bull. 2, 11, 1877. The buttonbush aphid is described and figured by Davis (1909b). A. cerasifoliae Fitch. Nox. and Ben. Ins. N. Y., 1, 131, 1856. This choke cherry aphid is described and figured by Patch (1914b). On Prunus virginiana, Cheshire, 14 July, 1909 (B. H. W.); on choke cherry, New Haven, 24 June, 1913 ( WEB): A. coreopsidis (Thomas). Siphonophora coreopsidis Thomas. MIMSt ab: Nat. Hist, Bull. 2, 7, 1877. A. davisi Patch. Jour. Econ. Ent. 10, 418, 1917. This species was recorded as Aphis populifoliae Fitch by Davis (1910b), as A. populifoliae Davis by Patch (1913a) and A. daviss by Patch (1917a). On poplar, New Haven, 25 June, 1903 (B. H. W.). A. folsomi Davis. Ent. News, xix, 143, 1908. Described and figured by Davis (1908). On Ampelopsis quinquifolia, Colebrook, 2 July, 1914 (Howard Bement). A. forbesi Weed. Ohio Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. ii, 148, 1880. Figures of this strawberry species are given by Sanderson (1901). 294 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. A. furcata Patch. Me. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 233, 250, ro14. This tiny aphid is found on chokeberry. A. gossypii Glover. Aphis malvae Koch. Aphis cucurbits Buckton. Rept. U. S. Com. Agr., 36, 1876. This aphid is figured and described by Essig (191Ic). On melon plant, Suffeld, 29 Aug., 1905 (B. Wilson); Westport, 18 July, rorr (J. J. Marvin); on cucumber, New Haven, 22 July, 1909 (A. I. B.); on Althaea, New Haven, 3 Aug., 1909 (A. I. B.); on melon, Suffield, 31 Aug., 1905; on spinach, Hartford, 11 Feb., 1906; on melon, Branford, § Aug., 1908. A. helianthi Monell. Bull: U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. “Terf., v...26, 1870. This green species is recorded from Cornus and from Hels- anthus. it is probably rather seriously involved -in synonomy. A. impatientis Thomas. Ill. St. Lab. Nat, Hist, Bullii2: 42-1877. Figured by Davis (19IIa). A. laburni Kaltenbach. (Fig. 31, 7.) Mon. der Pflanz., 85, 1843. This seems to ie the first American record for this species. On golden chain, Hartford, 22 June, 1014 (Mrs. W. Seliger). A. lutescens Monell. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., v, 23, 1879. This seems to be one of the lost species. It has been confused with veri, and its status may be a bit uncertain. See also neris. A. maidi-radicis Forbes. Rept. Ins.. Ill., 17, 64, 1891. lor a treatment of the corn root aphid see Vickery (1910). On Zea mays, Stratford, 8 Oct., 1913 (F. J. Roundsveldt) ; on aster roots, Waterbury, 20 Sept., 1915 (Mrs. Fred Wilcox), West Haven, 3 Oct., 1916 (Mrs. H. L. Dorman). A. maidis Fitch. Nox. and Ben. Ins. N. Y., 2, 318, 1856. A treatment of this corn leaf aphid is given by Davis (1909a) and figured in color by Forbes (1891). On Kaffir corn, Old Mystic, 4 Aug., 1912 (C. I. Eldridge); on corn, New Canaan, 29 Sept., 1909 (A. I. B.); Stratford, 10 Sept., 1913. A. medicaginis Koch. Die Pflanz. Aphid, 94, 1854. This species is described and figured by Essig aot Ib). A. monardae Oestlund. (Fig. 31, 11.) Aphid, Minn., 58, 1887. The original description (1887) is apparently the latest published No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 295 record for this species though it has been collected on Monarda punctata in the East. A. nerii Boyer. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., x, 179, 1841. This oleander aphid is described and figured by Essig (1911b). The synonymy is a little uncertain. Swain (1919a) gives the case to date. On Asclepias incarnata (var. pulchra) New Haven. A. persicae-niger Smith. Ent. Amer., vi, 101, 1890. For figures of this aphid see Gillette (1908a). Peach roots, South Manchester, 19 Aug., 1914. A. pomi De Geer. Green apple aphid. (Pl. vii, 2; eggs, Pl. cI.) 3 Mem. des Ins., ili, 53, 1773. This green aphid of the apple is described and figured by Sander- son (1902) and Gillette (1908a), and by Baker and Turner {1916a). New Haven, 12 June, 1900; Newington, 5 Oct., 1900; Mount Carmel, 18 June, 1903; Windsor Locks, 30 July, 1903; West Haven, 17 July, 1903; Cheshire, 31 July, 1903; Higganum, 8 Sept., 1903; Warehouse Point, 21 April, 1904 (eggs); Farmington, 9 Feb., 1905 (eggs); Norwichtown, 18 July, 19005; Lisbon, 28 March, 1906 (eggs); North Haven, 2 July, 1906; Hillstown, 27 July, 1906; Hartford, 25 June, 1907; Mount Carmel, 25 June, 1907; Shelton, 2 Aug., 1907; South Glastonbury, 20 Nov., 1900; Winsted, 26 March, 1910 (eggs); East Granby, 14 July, 1910; Suffield, 2 May, 1911; Roxbury, 31 May, 1911; West Cornwall, 21 Aug., 1911; New Milford, 23 March, 1912 (eggs); Sharon, 6 July, 1912; Saybrook Junction, 9 July, 1912; Riverside, 19 July, 1912; Mystic, 22 July, 1912; New Haven, 24 July, 1912; Meriden, 8 March, 1913 (eggs); Stepney Depot, 23 May, 1913; Derby, 17 June, 1913; Branford, 8 July, 1913; New Canaan, 7 Feb., 1914 (eggs); Mount Carmel, 9 Feb., 1914 (eggs); New Haven, 9 Feb., 1914 (eggs); Westport, 3 June, 1914; Norwalk, 21 June, 1914; New Haven, 27 July, 1914; on quince, Meriden, 31 July, 1914; Stratford, 11 Aug., 1914; Meriden, 15 Aug., 1914; Milford, 15 Aug., 1914; Hartford, 16 Sept., 1914; Hartford, 27 Oct., 1914. A. pseudoavenae Patch. MenAgr Expt. Sta.,. Bull. 267, 203, 1917. _ This aphid is sometimes confused with the “so-called” avenae. A. pseudobrassicae Davis. (PI. vu, 3.) Can. Ent., xlvi, 231, 1914. This aphid common on turnip has been confused in collections and literature with Aphis brassicae, which is not strange as they have some of the same food plants. It is described and figured by Davis (1914e) and by Paddock (1915a). On kale, New Haven, 16 Sept., 1916 (W. E. B.). A. rubiphila Patch. Me. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 233, 260, 1914. On Rubus. » 296 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. A. rumexicolens Patch. Jour. Econ. Ent., 10, 417, 1917. This species is known only from Connecticut. For description and figures see Patch (1917a). It seems to come nearest the Anuraphis group. On Rumex acetosella, Wallingford, 9 June, 1913 (W. E. B.). A. rufomaculata Wilson. = oh Sie eee braggii 9) Wing veins, ordinary) 6... 0cln seme sles ereeie i= © + = «0501 hippophaes W ing veins strongly’ shaded = 225 Weenie ee: 4-3 > oe violae No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 303 M. braggii Gillette. Capitophorus braggis van der Goot. Can. Ent., xl, 17, 1908. For a critical study of this species which migrates from Elaeagnus, Hippophaes and Shepherdia to Circitum and Cynara, see Gillette (1915). On Elaeagnus longipes, New Haven, 10 June, 1901 (W. E. B.). M. cerasi (Fabricius). Aphis cerasi Fabricius. (Fig. 31, 6.) Syst. Ent., 734, 1775. This dark aphid is common on wild and cultivated cherry. It migrates to pepper-grass. It is figured by Patch (1914b). For life cycle and summer food plant, see Ross (1918b). On cherry, Wilton, 28 June, 1902; New Britain, 7 June, 1909; Stratford, 7 June, 1909; Shelton, 30 June, 1911; New Haven, 12 June, 1912; Darien, 18 June, 1912; Meriden, 19 June, 1912; Madison, 2 July, 1912; Milford, 18 July, 1912; New Haven, 3 June, 1913; Winsted, 8 June, 1914; New Britain, 25 June, 1914; East Hartford, 26 June, 1914; Rockville, 7 June, 1915; Norfolk, 19 June, 1915; Greenwich, 12 July, 1915. M. circumflexum (Buckton). Siphonophora circumflexa Buck- ton. Mon. Brit. Aphid, 1, 130, 1876. See Davis (1914c). M. dispar Patch. Me. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 225, 50, 1914. For this and also M. ribis see Haviland (1919b). M. hippophaes (Koch). hopalosiphum hippophaes Koch, Phorodon galeopsidis Passerini, Myzus elaeagns Del Guercio (?), Capitophorus hippophaes van der Goot. Die Pflanz. Aphid, 28, 1854. The generic position of this species is a bit unstable. Hippophae and Elaeagnus serve as its winter hosts and Lamium, Polygonum and Stachys share the summer honors. For a critical review with figures see Gillette (1915a). M. persicae (Sulzer). Aphis persicae Sulzer, Aphis diantln Kaltenbach. Sometimes Rhopalosiphum. Abg. Ges. Ins., 105, 1776. This species has a range of food plants wide enough to entitle it to the term “general feeder.” The figures published by Gillette (1908a) are excellent. On pepper, New Haven, 30 July, 1909 (A. I. B.); on Cimeraria, New Haven, 20 July, 1909 (A. I. B.); Station greenhouse, 10 Jan., 1910 (B. H. W.); on radish, Station greenhouse, New Haven, 20 May, 1913 (E. M. Stoddard) ; on peach, New Haven, 20 May, 1913 (W. E. B.); New Haven, 8 June, 1909 (B. H. W.); peach, Meriden, 31 May, 1912; New Haven, 12 June, 1912; Darien, 18 June, 1912; Norfolk, 19 June, 1915. M. porosus Sanderson. Rept. Del. Agr. Expt. Sta., 12, 205, 1900. This strawberry aphid is described and figured by Sanderson (1901). 304 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. M. ribis (Linnaeus). Aphis ribis Linnaeus. Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, 451, 1758. Much confusion exists in the literature of this species. It is usually present in the reddish puffy places commonly seen on currant leaves. See Haviland (1919b). On currant, Norwalk, 20 June, 1901; Milford, etc., Norwalk, 20 June, 1901; Milford, 3 June, 1902; New Haven, 1 June, 1909; Canaan, 9 June, 1909; Bridgeport, 31 May, 1910; Greenwich, 6 June, 1910; Hartford, 18 June, 1910; Watertown, 27 May, 1911; Bridgeport, 10 June, 1911; Derby, 3 June, 1912; Norwich, 22 June, 1912; Mount Carmel, 29 June, 1912; Ridgefield, 31 May, 1913; Cos Cob, 8 July, 1913. M. rosarum (Kaltenbach). Aphis rosarum Kaltenbach. Mon der Pflanz., tor, 1843. The synonymy of this species seems to be somewhat tangled. It is figured by Patch (1914b). On rose, Simsbury, 18 Apr., 1905. (Eggs, hatching.) M. violae (Pergande). Rhopalosiphum violae Pergande. Can. Ent., xxxii, 29, 1900. The gibbous frontal tubercle and prominent antennal segment I have associated in this species with Myzus. It is at present (1920) placed with a small group of aphids known as the Pentalonina (Baker 1919h). On violet, New Haven, 19 Feb., 1903. Phorodon Passerini. P. humuli (Schrank). Aphis humuls Schrank. Phorodon prum Scopoli. Hop Aphid. Fauna Boica, ii, 110, 180T. This economic species on hop and plum appears many times in literature. It is described and figured by Riley (1889). Macrosiphum Passerini. Key to Spectes.* 1. Species not developing exclusively on Compositae ............... 2 Species developing on Compositae either exclusively or for a part of the life cycle: 2 ccs. Ho eke ee sees s jude one Sab ene 20 2. Apex of cornicle with distinct reticulated area (e. g., solanifolii) 3 Apex of cornicle imbricated (e. g., pisi) or indifferently character- ized (€. 8, pelarcontt) wesc an vie ces sooo oie eee 22 3. Apterous female with iii closely imbricated throughout. Setae of iii very short and stubby 2.2. .-< wee etree tee carpinicolens Apterous female not exceptional in foregoing respect ............ Species known only for Orchidaceae 10.0 i. tee ere luteum Apterous female with base of vi nearer three times length of ii than two and one-half times length of ii and base of vi more than 2 times length of hind tarsus’ 52s csi estie es cee ee: oe 5 * Tarsal measurements in this key include only second joint of tarsus exclusive of claw. Unless otherwise stated alate form is indicated. No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 27205 10. IT. 12. 13. 14. nS) 16. 17. 18. 10. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. Apterous female with base of vi nearer two and one-half times length of 11 than three times length of ii (or if not then base of vi not more than two times length of hind tarsus) .............. 6 Cornicle with distal half having strong imbrications extending to AHCAMOL GELICUIATION, (6 shina S40 4) LO eS ND ptericolens Cornicle without strong imbrications leading to area of reticulations diervillae swath numerous sensoria not ina row ’..2. 0). ee ee 7 III with sensoria confined approximately to single row .......... 10 III of apterous female with sensoria not much exceeding basal half 8 III of apterous female with sensoria extending over at least two- Gina SMMC Ee ses GP cle’. ees hk coos «aoa ne PA eR ee ee Cornicle with distal area of reticulation approximately one-sixth IES): IGraVestd al Bier gee Ne tn he Gt ear a nee Re MOMMA CIN rosae Cornicle with distal area of reticulation exceeding one-fourth its Neate ce teaser testa te wile c a ca. ao js oo Soedoieinrc au Mee impatiensicolens Cornicle with area of reticulation less than one-eighth its length _ albifrons Cornicle with area of reticulation more than one-fifth its length .. amelanchiericolens Horenwaings wath Cu and A heavily shaded’... 2.0.6 o. eee. II Fore wing with Cu and A not heavily shaded, though sometimes Gatcetpe clamp OtMe ty VEINS) (porated 'enaie.is caw chs a sheicvediusiay ce garter eee 12 Vein A of fore wing conspicuously longer than cornicle ..venaefuscae WeingAvor fore wine shorter than cornicle .2..0...... 2.25. ccs coryli Developing LON WVIASNOMACEAe. 6.6.68 sie do eee kk dis 6 Fe eae stl ee 13 Notmdevelopinevon Wacnoliaceae . os sds... Fees we noice coe ee NT 14 Base of vi about five times length of tip* of v ............ liriodendri Cornicle with nearer one-fourth than one-third its length reticulated 15 Cornicle with nearer one-third than one-fourth its length reticulated granarium Cornicle with hardly more than one-seventh its length reticulated 16 Cornicle with at least one-sixth its length reticulated ............. 17 Cornicle conspicuously longer than vein A of fore wing ..californicum Gormmicle:conspicuously shorter than’ A... «0.205.265 as ca wens gaurae Gornicle not much shorter than either A or iil ...........-...6.- 18 Cornicle distinctly shorter than either vein A of fore wing or EAI PE TMT A OgeTT Te Meee ON cele eye elses soul aeie 4a.'a en's dud idle. ies syeisyetalone pe oietetannye onagrae Second joint of first tarsus less than one-half base of vi ......... 19 Second joint of first tarsus more than one-half base of vi ....... 20 III with approximately distal one-sixth clear of sensoria pseudocoryli III with approximately distal one-half clear of sensoria .......... lilii Wormicle pale LOMGUSICY, rei o's docus, ds s-a's «sellers alae 6 io folate obey ata Sener ae 21 WOGMC eT Cee DIAC Kei ere aneic’ahei 5 euc dylece oss 5 sto bln os aleiele gene pseudorosae All tibiae with base about setae paler giving a mottled appearance asclepiadifolii All tibiae with base about setae concolorous with adjacent area . solanifolii WD SVElOMING) OM, LOSE ai.¢ ccc oie es cc ole oni ot oe oe 2 chorman ote penn etal aeeaaliele 23 INGtidevelopine ON LOSE: <2... 2.0. 0ses ees acces ota tet ee cies cree te 24 III of apterous female with one to few sensoria ...........dirhodum III of apterous female with seventeen to twenty-five sensoria in a GOMeWHAE UNEVEN LOW. | 6 aes vaio eo ood soi ase Sie eer elereyene pseudodirhodum III with sensoria in fairly regular single row ..............0.0-- 27 III with sensoria not confined to single TOW ..........eeeeeeeeees 25 IV of alate female with sensoria (eight more or less) ........... 26 * Distal part including sensorium. 306 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. IV of alate female typically without sensoria (sometimes one to three present) ... ccutysuccoteneal eens ee) ee crataegi 26, Wing veins all Neavy*....:..c.2. sence a purpurascens Wing veins not heavy <0. .ccuceee te oe ee kaltenbachii : : illinoiensis 28. Base of vi approximately three times as long as ii .............. pisi Base of vi not more than two and one-half times ii ...... pelargonii 29. Apex of cornicle with definite reticulated area (distinctly more than three rows of reticulations) (e.g., solanifolii) ............ 30 Apex of cornicle with about three rows of subreticulated striations hieracii kaltenbachii 30. Reticulated area of cornicle hardly exceeding, if reaching, one-half Its; length’. caste ian sewers ee ote cae ati ence ee 31 Reticulated area of cornicle extending two-thirds its length; cor- nicle hardiy longer than cauda (sometimes shorter) ........ sanborni 31. Antennal 111 with sensoria in single row .....<..:......5.0ee ee 32 Antennal iii with sensoria too numerous for single row .......... 23 324 Cornicle deep black “2.342020 soak ce ee pseudorosae Cornicle"pale=to dusky s3422 72 soe 45 oe eae ee Seo age solanifolii 33. No unusual caudal projection. 21:4%...0)..30..4.6.2 5.15 ee eee Caudal projection subequal to cauda in length giving “two tailed” APPEATANCE .seie6 SG wih cweewmles ee cine so aee nd. 6 oe cnici 34. Antennal iii nearly as long as iv-+v and with about seventy tuberculate sensoria 7c oes Se es oe gravicornis Antennal iii not unusual in foregoing particulars ................ 35 35. Cornicle nearly as long as or longer than iil S.......25...-27 25 36 Cornicle considefably shorter-than iti... .. 2.0. 0.04 ..s cane 36. III with approximately forty-five sensoria ........... eupatoricolens III with approximately thirty sensoria ............e000. erigeronensis 37. Cornicle at least five-sixths as long as A .... 5.0.5. sce cee 38 Cornicle approximately three-fourths as long as A or shorter .... 39 38. Reticulated area of cornicle one-third its length or more ...... luteola Reticulated area of cornicle less than one-fourth its length rudbeckiae 39. Cornicle distinctly longer than. one-half of ti .........ce-eeeeeee 40 Cornicle not more than one-half. as long as ili ....v...eeeener tanaceti 40. Hind tibia approximately two times length of A of fore wing taraxaci Hind tibia approximately two and one-half times length of A of POLE WINE cco v0 oie via eine wie wk hele Sioa lariciatus Fore wing with anal vein strongly curved; hind wing with M not directed distad. Winged form from gall ovipositing on Picea abietis For descriptions and figures of these insects and their work the reader is referred to Gillette (1907), Borner (1908), Patch (1909b) and Cholodkovsky (1915). C. abietis Linnaeus. Spruce gall aphid. (PI. xi, 7.) Syst. Nat. Edn. 10, 454, 1758. Common “pineapple gall” of white and Norway spruce. New Haven, 10 Sept., 1903; 25 July, 1905, 5 July, 1906, 25 June, 1007, & Oct., 1900. Stamford, 3 Oct., 1903; Pomfret Center, 9, 15 June, 1004; Bristol, 6 June, 1906; South Woodstock, 19 June, 1906; New London, 21 May, 1907, 21 June, 1911; Waterbury, 12 Apr., 1910; Orange, 7 June, 19:0; Niantic, 10 June, 1910, 11 July, 1910; New Canaan, 22 June, 1910, 1 Aug., 1QII, 9 July, 1912; Greenwich, 6 July, 1910, 13 June, 1913; South Man- chester, 18 May, 1911; Yalesville, 10 Aug., 1911, 18 Sept., 1913; Milford, 11 Sept., 1911; Glastonbury, 17 Sept., 1912; New Britain, 22 Mar., 1913; ~Southington, 16 Apr., 1914; Norfolk, 12 June, 1915. 330 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. C. cooleyi Gillette. (PI. xi, 6.) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 3.1007. New Haven, 6, 10 Aug., 1917, Aug., Sept. 1919; Branford, 28 Sept., 1916; Norwalk, 12 Sept., 1917; New Canaan, Aug., Sept., 1912. C. floccus Patch. Psyche, xvi, 137, 1909. C. lariciatus Patch. Psyche, xvi, 137, 1900. C. pinicorticis (Fitch). Coccus pinicorticis Fitch. Chermes pinifoliae Shimer not Fitch. Pine bark aphid. (PI. viii, 5.) Nox. and Ben. Ins. N. Y., 1, 167, 1855. On trunk of white pine in flocculent masses. New Haven, 8 May, 1907; Middletown, 11 June, 1907; Greenwich, 4 Oct., 1911; Sharon, 6 July, 1912; Saugatuck, 14 Oct., 1912; Middletown, 28 May, 1912; Greenwich, 13 June, 1913; Danbury, 6 June, 1914; River- side, 22 June, 1915; Deep River, 13, 14 July, 1915; Rainbow, 3 June, 1914 (E..He WW): C. pinifoliae Fitch. C. abieticolens Thomas. Nox. and Ben. Ins. N. Y., iv, 741, 1858. On pine, Middletown, 22 June, 1911; black spruce, Stamford, 11 July, 1913. C. similis Gillette. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.; 15, 1007. C. strobilobius Kaltenbach. C.consolidatus Patch? (PI. viu, 6.) Mon. der Pflanz., 203, 1843. On larch, Middletown, 25 June, 1907; on spruce, New Haven, 1o June, 1904 (B. H. W.). Phylloxera Boyer. CHige 255 10.) Key to Species. 1. Developing on Carve. .ss.dsce cere eet eee a> oa eee 2 Developing on Gastancd; anc ee eee ee cestaneae Developing ‘on Vatis 2.2 oe ae ee ae ores ea os os vitifoliae 2. Developing in globular gall on young twig, petiole or midrib of leaf caryaecaulis Developing in thin paper-like gall on leaf ..... .............. foveola For literature on Phylloxera see Pergande (1903). P. caryaecaulis Fitch. Hickory gail aphid. (PI. xi, 5.) Nox. and Ben. Ins. N. Y., i, 155, 1855. On hickory, New Preston, 8 June, 1903; Norwalk, 21 June, 1904; 28 June, 1912; Hartford, 6 June, 1906, 15 June, 1909; Collinsville, 24 June, 1908; New Haven, 14 June, 1909, 8: Apr., 1914; New Britain, 28 June, 19:0; Winsted, 16 June, 1911; Salisbury, 22 June, 1912; Stamford, 3 June, 1913; Glastonbury, Ir June, 1914; Waterbury, 16 June, 1914; Sharon, 29 June, 1914; Bristol, 9 Sept., 1915. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 331 P. castaneae (Haldeman). . Chermes castaneae Haldeman. Am, Jour. Sci., ix, Ser. 2, 108, 1850. New Haven, 11 Aug., ro10 (S. N. Spring). P. foveola Pergande. Proc. Dav. Acad. Sci., ix, 200, 1904. On hickory, Greenwich, 12 Aug., 1900. P. vitifoliae Fitch. vastatrix Planchon. Nox. and Ben. Ins. N. Y., i, 158, 1855. On grape, Westport, 25 Aug., 1905. APHID LITERATURE CITED. Baker, A. C. 1915. The Woolly Apple Aphis. U. S. Dept. Agricuiture, Report No. 1or. 1916b. A Review of the Pterocommini. Canad. Ent., pp. 280-280. 1916h. ei Identity of Eriosoma querci Fitch. Ent. News, vol. 27, pp. 359-36 1917f. Eastern Aphids, New or Little Known, Part ii. Jour. Economic Entomology, vol. 10, pp. 420-433. 1917j.. On the Chinese Gall (A phididae- Homoptera). Ent. News, vol. 28, Pp. 385-393 1919c._ Fitch’s Thorn Leaf Aphis. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, vol. 32, pp. 185-186. 1919h. Neotoxoptera violae Theobald and its Allies. Bulletin of Ento- mological Research, vol. x, pt. 1. 1920b. Generic Classification of the Hemipterous Family Aphididae. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bulletin No. 826. Baker, A. C. and Davidson, W. M. t1o016e. Woolly Pear Aphis. Jour. Agric. Research, vol. 6, No 10. 1917c. A Further Contribution to the Study of Eriosoma pyricola the Woolly Pear Aphis. Jour. Agric. Research, vol. 10, pp. 65-74. Baker, A. C. and Turner, W. F. 1915. The Brown Grape Aphid. Science, vol. AI, p. 834. 1916a. Morphology and Biology - the Green Apple Aphis. Jour. of Agric. Research, vol. 5, PP. 955-99 19168. Some Intermediates in the Audie Proc. Ent. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 18, pp. 10-14. IQIOg. Apple-Grain Aphis. Jour. Agric. Research, vol. 18, No. 6, pp. I1-324. Berner. SCH 1908. Eine Monographische Studie iiber die Chermiden. Arbeiten aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt ftir Land-Forst- wirtschaft. Cholodkovsky, N. A. ‘1915. Chermes Injurious to Conifers. Published by the Department of Agriculture of the Central Board of Land Adminis- tration and Agriculture. Comstock, John Henry. 10918. The Wings of Insects, pp. 285-280. Davis, J. Te 1908. A New Aphid on the Virginia Creeper. Entomological News, vol. 19, pp. 143-146. ; an 1909a. Biological Studies on Three Species of Aphididae. U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Bur. of Entomology, Technical series, No. 12, Part Vil. 19090b. Studies on Aphididae ii. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, vol. 2, pp. 30-42. 1910b. A List of the Aphididae of Illinois, with Notes on some of the Species. Jour. Ec. Ent., vol. 3, pp. 482-409. a f 1otta. Williams’ “The Aphididae of Nebraska,” A Critical Review. University Studies, Lincoln, Nebraska, vol. 9, No. 3. 332 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 1o14a. New or Little Known Species of Aphididae. The Canadian Entomologist, pp. 41-51. ro14c. New or Little Known Species of Aphididae. Canadian Entomolo- gist, vol. 46, pp. 121-134. 1g1ge. New or Little Known Aphididae. Canadian Entomologist, vol. 46, pp. 220-236. 1914f. The Oat Aphis. Bulletin of the U. S. Dept. of Agric. No. 112. 1915a. The Pea Aphis with Relation to Forage Crops. U. S. Dept. Agric., Bulletin No. 276. Essig, E. O. 1909. Aphididae of Southern California I. Pomona Journal of Entomology, vol. 1, pp. I-10. 1910. Some Variations in the Wings and Antennae of Trifidaphis radicicola Essig. Pomona Jour. of Entomology, vol. ii, pp. 283-285. 1g1tb. Aphididae of Southern California vii. Pomona Jour. of Ento- mology, vol. ili, pp. 523-557. 1g1ic. Aphididae of Southern California viii. Pomona Jour. of Ento- mology, vol. 3, pp. 486-610. 1912a. Aphididae of Southern California viii. Pomona Jour. of Ento- mology, vol. iv, pp. 698-745. 1912b. Aphididae of Southern California x. Pomona College Jour. of Entomology, vol. iv, pp. 758-797. - Felt, E. P. 1908. Twenty-fourth Report of State Entomologist, pp. 19-22. Forbes, S. A. 1891. Seventeenth Report of the State Entomologist of Illinois. Gillette, C. P. 1907. Chermes of Colorado Conifers. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Jan. 1907. 1908a. Notes and Descriptions of some Orchard Plantlice of the Family Aphididae. Jour. Econ. Ent., vol. 1, pp. 302-310. 1908b. Notes and Descriptions of some Orchard Plantlice of the Family Aphididae. Jour. Econ. Ent., vol. 1, pp. 350-360. 1908c. New Species of Colorado Aphididae with Notes upon their Life Habits. Canadian Entomologist, pp. 61-68. 1909a. American Snowball Louse, Aphis viburnicola n. sp. Entom. News, pp. 280-285. 1910b. Plant Louse Notes, Family Aphididae. Journal of Econ. Ent., vol. 3, pp. 403-407. ; 19i1a. Two Rhopalosiphum species and Aphis pulverulens n. sp. Jour. Econ. Ent., vol. 4, pp. 320-324. 1o11b. Plant Louse Notes, Family Aphididae. Jour. Econ. Ent., pp. 381- 385. 1913b. Some Pemphiginae attacking Species of Populus in Colorado. Annals Entom. Soc. of America, vol. vi, pp. 485-493. 1914a. Some Pemphiginae attacking Species of Populus in Colorado. Annals Entom. Soc. of America, vol. vii, pp. 61-69. 1914b. Two Colorado Plant Lice. Entomological News, vol. 25, pp. 269-275. 191 Sa. (arenes of Rhopalosiphum hippophaes Koch and Myzus braggit Gillette. Jour. Econ. Ent., vol. 8, pp. 375-379. ; Gillette, C. P. and Bragg, L. C. 1915b. Notes on some Colorado Aphids having Alternate Food Habits. Journal Econ. Ent., vol. 8, pp. 97-103. 1918c. Aphis bakeri and some Allied Species. Jour. Econ. Ent., vol. i, No. 3. Haviland, Maud D. ro19b. On the Life History and Bionomics of Myzus ribis Linn. (Red Currant Aphis). Reprint from the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Session 1018-1010, vol. 39, Part ie No. 8. Hayhurst, Paul. 1009. Observations on a Gall Aphid (Aphis atriplicis es) Annals Ent. Soc. America, vol. 2, pp. 88-100. No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: APHIDIDAE. 333 Herrick, Glenn W. and Hungate, J. W. 1911. The Cabbage Aphis. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta., Bull. 300. Hunter, S. J. 1909. The Green Bug and Its Natural Enemies. Bulletin of the University of Kansas, vol. ix, No. 2. Hunter, W. D. 1901. The Aphididae of North America, Iowa Agricultural College Experiment Station, Btlletin 6o. Matheson, Robert. 1¢o16a. Apple Plant Lice and Their Control. Eighth Annual Report of the Quebec Society for the Protection of Plants from Insects and Fungous Diseases. Matsumura, Shonen. 1917a. Journal College Agriculture Tohokee Impe- Gali Univ., vol, vii, pt. 6,-p.-381: Maxson, A. C. 1915. A Schizoneuran migrating from Elm to Apple. Entomological News, vol. 26, pp. 367-368. Oestlund, O. W. 1887. Synopsis of the Aphididae of Minnesota. Geologi- cal and Natural History Survey of Minnesota, Bulletin No. 4. 1918 (1919) Contribution to the Knowledge of the Tribes and Higher Groups of the Family Aphididae. Seventeenth Report of the State Entomologist of Minnesota, pp. 46-72. . I9Ig_ (1920) Contribution to the Knowledge of the Group Aphidina, Family Aphididae. Eighteenth Report of the State Entomologist of Minnesota, pp. 63-75. Osborn, Herbert. 1890. The Grass-root Plant Louse alias the Dogwood Plant Louse. U. S. Dept. Agric. Div. of Ent. Bull. No. 22, pp. 32-41. Paddock, F. B. t1915a. The Turnip Louse. Texas Agricultural Experi- ment Station, Bulletin No. 18o. Patch, Edith M. t1909a. Homologies of the Wing Veins of the Aphididae, Psyllidae, Aleurodidae and Coccidae. Annals Entomological Society of America, vol. 11, No. 2. 1909b. Chermes of Maine Conifers. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 173. 1909c. The Desmodium Aphid, Microparsus variabilis n. sp. Entomo- logical News, pp. 337-341. 1o1oa. Gall Aphids of the Elm. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 181. 1910b. Four Rare Aphid Genera from Maine. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 182. 1o11a. Aphididae, in Insect Notes for ro10. Maine Agricultural Experi- ment Station, Bulletin No. 187. 1o1td. Pemphigus tessellata (acerifolii) on Alder and Maple. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 195. ; 1912. Aphid Pests of Maine. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 202. : f 1913a. Aphid Pests of Maine ii. Willow Family. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 213. : f 1913b. Woolly Aphid of the Apple. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 217. ; 1914a. Currant and Gooseberry Aphids in Maine. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 225. 1914b. Maine Aphids of the Rose Family. Maine Agricultural Experi- ment Station, Bulletin No. 233. 1915a. Woolly Aphid of Elm and Juneberry. Maine Agricultural Exper- iment Station, Bulletin No. 241. : # 191sb. The Pond Lily Aphid as a Plum Pest. Science, N. S., vol. xlii, . 164. : Bee “eae and Green Aphid of Potato. Maine Agricultural Experi- ment Station. Bulletin No. 242. ; 191sd. Two Clover Aphids. Journal Agricultural Research, vol. 3, pp. 431-433. 334 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. 1916a. Concerning Problems in Aphid Ecology. Journal Econ. Ento- mology, vol. 9, pp. 44-51. 1916b. Elm Leaf Rosette and Woolly Aphid of the Apple. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 256. 1917a. Eastern Aphids, New or Little Known. Journal Econ. Ento- mology, vol. 10, No. 4. to17b. The Aphid of Chokeberry and Grain. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 267. 1920a. Three Pink and Green Aphids of the Rose. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 282. 1921a. Rose Bushes in Relation to Potato Culture, Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 303. Pergande, Theo. 1901. The Life History of Two Species of Plant Lice Inhabiting both the Witchhazel and Birch. U. S. Dept. Agric., Div. of Ent., Technical Series, No. 9. 1903. North American Phylloxerinae Affecting Hicoria (Carya) and other Trees. Riley, C. V. 1889. Report of the Entomologist for 1888. In Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture, Washington. Ross, William A. 1918b. Forty-eighth Annual Report of the Entomolog- ical Society of Ontario for 1917, pp. 59-68. Sanborn, Charles E. 1904. Kansas Aphididae. Kansas University Science Bulletin, vol. ili, pp. 1-82. Sanderson, E. Dwight. 1901. Report of the Entomologist in Twelfth ee Report of the Delaware College Agricultural Experiment tation. 1902. Report of the Entomologist in Thirteenth Annual Report of the Delaware College Agricultural Experiment Station. Swain, Albert F. t1919a. A Synopsis of the Aphididae of California. University of California Technical Bull., vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 221, 17 pla. Theobald, Fred V. 1912. Report on Economic Zoology. Southeastern Agricultural College, Wye. for year ending September 30, 1012. 1913a. The British Species of the Genus Macrosiphum Passerini. Part I. Jour. Econ. Biol., vol. viii, No. 2. 1913b. The British Species of the Genus Macrosiphum Passerini. Part II. Jour. Econ. Biol., vol. viii, No. 3. Thomas, Cyrus. 1879. Eighth Report of the State Entomologist on the Noxious and Beneficial Insects cf the State of Illinois. Tullgren, Albert. 1909. Aphidologische Studien, I. Arkiv fur Zoologi. Band 5, No. 14. van der Goot, P. 10915. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hollandischen Blatt- lause. Haarlem. Vickery, R. A. 1908. A Comparative Study of the External Anatomy of Plant Lice. In the Twelfth Report of State Entomologist of Minnesota. 1910. Contributions to a Knowledge of the Corn Root Aphis. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bur. of Ent., Bull. No. 85, Part vi. Webster, F. M. and Phillips, W. J. 1012. The Spring Grain Aphis or “Green Bug.” U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. of Ent., Bull. No. 110. Weed, C. M. 1890. Fourth Contribution to a Knowledge of the Life History of Certain Little Known Plant Lice. Bulletin of the Ohio Agric. Exp. Station. Technical Series, vol. i, No. 2. Wilson, H. F. 1008. The Green Aphis of the Chrysanthemum, Aphis rufomaculata n. sp. Entomological News, vol. 19, pp. 261-262. 1909. Notes on Lachnus caryae Harris, under a new name. The Canadian Entomologist, vol. 41, pp. 385-387. ‘ 1915b. Miscellaneous Aphid Notes, chiefly from Oregon. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 41, pp. 85-108. 191sc. A Synopsis of the Aphid Tribe Pterocommini. Annals of Entomological Society of America, vol. viii, pp. 347-358. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: ALEYRODIDAE. 335 Wilson, H. F., and Vickery, R. A. 1918. A species List of the Aphididae of the World and their Recorded Food Plants. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, vol. xix, pt. I. ee EF. 1882. Zur Anatomie der Aphiden, 1882. Ztschr. f. w. Zool., 38. Family ALEYRODIDAE. By Witton Everett Britton, Pu.D. The insects belonging to this family are small, 3 mm. or less in length, wings and body opaque, our species whitish, more or less mealy, the wings in some species marked with dark spots or bands; tarsi of two joints, nearly equal, a spine-like or pad-shaped process (paronychium) between the claws. Pupa stage present in both sexes. Egg, nymphs, pupae and adults are found on the under side of the leaves of various plants, a few species being important pests. The tropics furnish by far the greatest number of species, many of which are carried on plants into northern greenhouses. Only about a dozen species are known to occur out of doors in the northeastern United States. Formerly all of our species were placed in the genus Aleyrodes but recently this genus has been subdivided and Dr. A. L. Quaintance and Dr. A. C. Baker of the Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., who are leading authorities in this group, have recently published a comprehensive review of the family.* Free use has been made of their work and their classification has been adopted in the preparation of this paper. Explanation of structures is shown in Fig. 32. Key to Genera. Wehores wine, or adult without radius: <0... 0. 2:6 2c ose ws cies aun slorerene 2 Fore wing of adult with radius; present as a distinct vein ........ Aleurochiton, p. 336 2, Pupa case with dorsal disk not separated from the submarginal area 3 Pupa case with dorsal disk separated from submarginal area by a suture-like line or depression; submarginal papillae lacking; dorsum without large mammiform pores; vasiform orifice rounded or cordate, elevated and not surrounded by a lobed or pal- TAT UV OMAN AMINE Meee te aos ceolaii oie ais wie eae tue o: otueerecer Tetraleurodes, p. 337 3. Vasiform orifice subcordate with anterior margin straight; lingula projecting beyond operculum, and bearing a pair of spines; thoracic tracheal folds not evident; wax secretion if present usu- ally in the form of long glassy rods ...........-..-. Seal ioe dare ne 4 Vasiform orifice subcircular; operculum nearly filling orifice; lingula not projecting; thoracic tracheal folds ending in a comb of teeth; wax secretion tufted and plume-like arising from minute POGES erp re Pers eile is coe. Ba ) occurring only on Arbor-vitae’....... 0202 050). fletcheri * The Coccidae or Scale Insects of Indiana, office of the State Entomolo- gist, Indianapolis, Ind., April, 1916. B50 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Derm pores small, arranged in irregular or broken rows radiating from the center of the body; surface irregularly roughened; body convex, derm heavily chitinized; not occurring on conifers corni 6. Body small, nearly globular, dark red; a compound row of small derm pores extending forward from the anal plates ....... prunastri Body large, convex, dark reddish brown; derm pores small, regu- larly arranged though not as in prunastri or cornt ....... pruinosum L. caryae Fitch. cockerells Hunter. Hickory Lecanium. Rept. Ins. N. Y., iii, 443, 1856. The largest species of the genus being 10-13 mm. long and 7-9 mm. broad. Occurs on hickory, elm, sycamore, black walnut, and wild red cherry. Reported from Maine, Massachusetts, and Ohio. Cheshire, 26 Aug., 1918 (B. H. W.); Branford, 1 June, 1922. L. corni Bouché. cerasifex, juglandifex, corylifex, fitchis, armemacum, canadense, kingu, fraxint. (Pl. xiii, 8.) Stett. Ent. Zeit., v, 208, 1844. A medium-sized, very convex species, occurring throughout the state on a great number of hosts including rose, blackberry, ash, chestnut, elm, linden, maple, peach, plum, and pear. Our records are as follows: Ansonia, Berlin, Bethany, Bethel, Branford, Bridgeport, Cheshire, Chester, Danbury, East Hartford, Farmington, Haddam, Guilford, Killingworth, Lyme, Madison, Meriden, Middletown, Milford, New Haven, New London, New Milford, Norwalk, Norwich, Oneco, Plainville, Plantsville, Pomfret, Ridgefield, Rockville, Southington, Sterling, Stratford, Waterbury, Waterville, Wethersfield, Wiaindsorville, West Cornwall, and West Haven. L. fletcheri Cockerell. Can: Ent «xv, 22161603; This is a small species occurring on Arbor-vitae. It has not yet been taken in Connecticut but has been reported from Canada, Massachusetts, and New York. L. nigrofasciatum Pergande. LEulecanium. ‘Terrapin scale. CPi xa.) Bull. 18, n. s., Div. Ent., U. S:"Dept. Agr., 26, 1808. A small convex species common on the twigs of soft maple and many other native and introduced trees and shrubs. It lives over winter in a half grown condition, and is of considerable economic importance, occurring throughout the state. Bridgeport, Bristol, Danbury, Deep River, Durham, Forestville, Hartford, Milford, Middletown, New Haven, Norwich, Seymour, South Glastonbury, Thompsonville, Watertown. L. prunastri Fonscolombe. Globular scale. Ann.. Soc. Ent. Pr. ; in; 4235513873: This small dark red, almost globular species is found on plum, cherry, and peach in central Pennsylvania where it is a pest. It has not yet become distributed throughout the eastern United States, though it is said to be rather common in Europe. It has INoz34:} HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 359 also been reported from New York and Ohio, but has not as yet been recorded from Connecticut. L. pruinosum Coquillett. robiniae. Frosted scale. Ins. Life, iii, 382, 1891. In some situations this scale is covered with fine powdery wax; hence the name.. In California it attacks the stone fruits as well as apple, pear, ash, locust, walnut, grape, and rose. It has not been recorded from Connecticut, though reported from Canada, New York and Massachusetts.* L. quercifex Fitch. quercitronis, antennatum. Oak Lecanium. Rept. Ins. N. Y., v, 805, 1858. This species attacks oak trees, and though not recorded from Connecticut, it has been found in Canada, Massachusetts, and New York. Saissetia Deplanches. Female scale nearly hemispherical, strongly convex; derm closely crowded with large pores, circular to oval in shape; middle spiracular spine exceeding twice the length of the two outer spines ; anal ring with eight hairs. One species is perhaps our commonest soft scale on greenhouse plants and the others may also occur. Key to Species. PENG UN TERETE WOLOWDL: a iisialcis's es bis'ss 0s vo bees ss cscs fe sauteed 2 ANGSUUNE TEGSAGEY IS [OVE G Lees ON eel aera See UNC nigra 2. Female strongly convex, nearly hemispherical, dark brown, with two transverse ridges and a median longitudinal ridge forming a letter H; derm thick with large closely-set pores; caudo-lateral margins of anal plates distinctly longer than cephalo-lateral RMATEAIMS —. 45.65 Mea te AR ae ee a ae eri OL Oe oleae Female hemispherical, lighter in color, without ridges; derm pores slightly smaller and farther apart; caudo-lateral margins of anal plates scarcely longer than cephalo-lateral ........... hemisphaerica S. hemisphaerica Targioni-Tozzetti. Lecaniwum coffeae, filicum. inlenuspherical scale. (Pl. xiv, 3.) Studii sul Cocc., 26, 1867. Perhaps the commonest greenhouse species infesting nearly all kinds of plants. It is of considerable economic importance, occurring throughout the state. Hamden, Milford, New Haven, Shelton, Sterling, Sufheld, Terryville, Washington, Waterbury, West Goshen. S. nigra Nietner. depressa. Black scale. Enemies of Coffee Tree, 9, 1861. Occasionally occurring on greenhouse plants though not recorded from the state. * Morrison considers that most of the records of this and the preceding species from the eastern United States refer to L. corni. 360 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. S. oleae Bernard. cycadis, cassiniae. Olive scale. Mem. d’Hist. Nat. Acad., Marseilles, 108, 1782. This species may be recognized by its H-shaped mark, its dark brown color, and the minute flakes of wax. Though not recorded from the state, it probably occurs here in greenhouses. Physokermes Targioni-Tozzetti. Globular and rigid occurring only on the twigs of conifers. Body with two internal ovarian pouches. Adults without legs or antennae, though both are present in the larvae. Only a few species are known, one of which occurs in Connecticut. P. piceae Schrank. abietis. Spruce scale. Hist. Abr; Ins. 1, 507; 1762. Adult female globular 1.5-3 mm. in diameter, old shells rigid, chestnut brown in color, usually in groups at base of twigs, and resembling buds. On spruce and pine. Hartford, 23 June, 1906 (W. H. Patton). Subfamily DIAspPINAE. To this group belong the armored scales, insects which are covered by a scale or shell, formed in part by the exuviae or cast- off skins, and in part by a secretion of wax. The pupa stage is present only i in the male. The female early loses organs of sight and locomotion and can only feed and reproduce. In some species the female parent brings forth living young, and in others, lays eggs under the shell or scale. Of the scale insects which are pests of trees and plants in temperate regions, the most destructive belong to the subfamily Diaspinae. Key to Genera. 1. Scale of female circular or nearly so; exuviae central or subcentral 2 Scale of female elongated, exuviae at narrow end ................ 7 2. Scale of male much elongated, not resembling scale of female .... 3 Scale of male slightly elongated, but resembling scale of female in color and’ texture: © oe ecient Hoes cee ois oct oes oar 3. Scale of male white and \carinated).%).% 4/03... sin. ste 4 Scale of male not white and not carinated ...... _...Parlatoria, p. 380 4. Scale of female subcircular or pyriform; male tricarinate; usually fully exposed on bark eee ots Woe « ka oa 5 Scales occurring under moss, lichens or edges of bark ........... Epidiaspis, p. 368 Extuviae usuallycsubcentralienere cities: 7. @ ela te are Diaspis, p. 366 Exuviae near marcinierce ore ee ero ls Aulacaspis, p. 360 6. Pygidium of female with elongated chitinous processes extending forward from) bases of lobeSmee sce. -- -- Chrysomphalus, p. 376 Pygidium of female with chitinous processes smaller, shorter or wanting altogether: sae eee eee ae et Aspidiotus, p. 371 No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 361 Vee Scale ot remale: without carinas. .o05 240 ce Uae ee ee 8 Scale of female with sharp median carina; second stage skin swells to form a shell within which the female remains and oviposits .. Fiorina, p. 370 8. Scale of male similar to scale of female though smaller; without CRVCTTTE), "Ui asa a RRR ec UR ALD ALY CCN LOR UY Scales of male white, sides parallel, and usually with median carina ie g. Scale of female elongate, often curved, exuviae small ............ 10 Scale of female circular to elongate, exuviae covering nearly one- lM MRES PION CEM es es Ae es avsies Gla Rikswa oie deca uy ee ee Parlatoria, p. 380 10. Scale of female broadened posteriorly; on hardy plants ......... II Scale of female much elongated, sides nearly parallel; pygidium with peculiar lattice-like thickening of dermis. On greenhouse IANS 49) 065 os Fee haya oel heh iafe alsis atte s seers eaisioic tera Ischnaspis, p. 379 11. Scale of male similar to that of female though smaller; pygidium of female with five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices ...... 12 Scale of male narrow, whitish, without carina; pygidium of female with more than five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices: second stage skin swells to form a shell within which the female remains AINMOV MOS IES Me hates crate Ch oe ik one a5 wiora eile Hale, a sialonscaie Leucaspis, p. 370 12. Scale of female convex or flattened, 2.5-3mm. long, dark brown; median lobes of pygidium broad, with shallow notches on both IMINeteaAnd OUter: MALOINS oo..6 sess Se eee ces Lepidosaphes, p. 378 Scale of female I-1.5mm. long. Median lobes of pygidium narrow, inner margin entire, outer margin notched ......... Pinnaspis, p. 370 13. Scale of female elongate, pyriform, white, on bark or leaves of HVAT CVAD ATES Bete en te aie acne cleat dcetexs ide ne ve) a. ie ene Chionaspis, p. 361 Scale of female varying from white to dark brown or gray, tropi- cal species on greenhouse plants ........... Hemichionaspis, p. 366 nist Exuvia x a Severe SS _~ W ZA s \ 2nd Exuvia : é ~ oO Fic. 34. Coccid structures (Diaspinae). (1) Lepidosaphes ulmi Lin- naeus,—scale of female. (2) Chrysomphalus aonidum Linnaeus,—scale of female. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. Chionaspis Signoret. This genus contains several species, which occur mostly on hardy plants, being found on the bark and sometimes on the leaves. In most species the males are white, narrow, and much smaller than the females, which are pyriform, white or light gray, with the exception of C. euonymst, which are dark gray. A few species only are considered to be pests. 362 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Key to Species. 1. Scale of male narrow, carinated more or less distinctly ......... Pr ee Scale of malé oval; without carinae’i 7. 3c... ee ortholobis 2. Median lobes of female not fused their entire length ............. 3 Median lobes fused almost to their tips..:....../....... 2 5eeeeee 4 3. Mature female scale usually more than 2mm. long ......cseeeee 5 Mature female scale usually less than 2mm. long ............... corni 4. Median lobes notched on their outer margins .............. americana Median lobes entire on their outer margins .................-- caryae 5.. Median lobes pointed) apically .......2.24...222.2.-.2s oe eee 6 Median lobes distinctly rounded apically .......:........ eee 6. Median lobes and lobules of second and third lobes pointed and SUVIAtE cc bdicowaw duret caw teens pa een ete wee tee ee euonymi Median lobes indistinctly pointed. =... .. 2.02. ..2... 5.2 eee lintneri 7, Median lobes broadly; rounded 2....2 0.0.6... ..0.00 os cone eee Median lobes narrowly rounded, diverging ..pinifoliae heterophyllae 8. . Median, lobes close together 2.50.03 20636606 s0sss0e +000 eee Median: lobes separated saeco ae tn 3 eee eee pinifoliae 9. Both median and second lobes rounded and parallel in general CireCtiOn: cocci aise eee ee eee ae rs eee salicis-nigrae Second lobes bluntly pointed and converging ................. furfura \ . Ss ® Dorsal pores Al NY; (6 YU t I!" by ‘ . 2? - Gland spine J bas of iJ hee =. OF Plate 2 | 2nd lobe-~ ae ate Peer ! Median tobes7?“"~~ \ arginal spi ! ( Sy ‘ @) of Pectinae Chitinous thickenings, (% t or Paraphyses is, 4 3 ®ene 9 ; - S ; e Pygidium —~-S3> 3 t 3rd lob “ae me, & Fic. 35. Coccid structures (Diaspinae). (1) Lepidosaphes ulmi Lin- naeus,—pygidium of female showing dorsal and ventral surfaces. (2) Lepidosaphes ulmi Linnaeus,—female, showing general appearance. (3) Chrysomphalus aonidum Linnaeus,—margin of female pygidium (after Dietz and Morrison). Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. C. americana Johnson. White elm scale. Ent. News, vii, 150, 1896. Scale of female: Length 2-3 mm., white, sometimes yellowish, often blackened by sooty mold; convex, broadest near middle. On removing from bark a conspicuous white mark remains. Female: Median lobes prominent, fused on their inner, and notched on their outer, margins. Median group of circumgenital No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 363 gland-orifices, 20-30; anterior lateral, 18-42; posterior lateral, 20-30. Scale of male: Length 1 mm. or less; lateral margins parallel tricarinate, white, exuviae pale yellow. Eggs purplish. There are two generations each year in Ohio. Common on elm, Ulmus americana, often injuring young trees. Hartford, 5 Sept., 1903; New Haven, 9 Dec., 1903; 22 Sept., 1917, 3 Oct., 1918; Norwich, 24 Nov., 1914; Simsbury, 29 Nov., 1907; Torrington, 16 June, IQIO. C. caryae Cooley. Can. Ent., xxx, 86, 1808. Scale of female: Length 1.7-2 mm., dirty white, exuviae dark brown, inconspicuous on bark of host plant, irregular in shape. Female: Median lobes large and prominent, entire inner margins fused nearly to tips. Median groups of circumgenital gland- orifices, 12-19; anterior lateral, 21-29; posterior lateral, 15-22. Scale of male: Length .5-.7mm., white, exuviae pale brown, one-third the length of the scale; scale elliptical with a distinct median carina. On bark of hickory, especially in the crevices and under the edges of the loose bark. New Haven, 27 Aug., 1906 (W. E. B.). Czcornt Cooley. (Pl. xiv, 7.) Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta., Spec. Bull., 15, 1899. Scale of female: Length 1.5-2 mm., white, with exuviae orange- yellow or brown. Female: Median lobes fused for half their length, then sepa- rating by nearly straight lines toward their diverging tips, which are almost pointed. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices, 10-16; anterior laterals, 20-24; posterior laterals, 10-17. Scale of male: Length .6-.8mm., white, narrow, tricarinate, exuviae, pale yellow, about one-third the length of the scale. Occasionally very abundant on pigeon bush, Cornus candidis- sima (paniculata) and other species of Cornus. Hamden, 14 March, 1910; Southington, 26 Nov., 1914; Bantam, 2 Nov., 1916. C. euonymi Comstock. Euonymus scale. (PI. xiv, 6.) Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr., 313, 1881. Scale of female: Length about 2mm.; dark grayish brown; broadly pyriform, convex, thick and firm in texture. Female: Median, second and third lobes pointed and serrulate. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices, 4-6; anterior lateral, 5-9; posterior lateral, about 4. Scale of male: Length 1.5mm. White, with yellow exuviae, tricarinated. A serious pest of Euonymus, especially radicans. 364 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. Hartford, 29 March, 1905; Middlebury, 26 Nov., 1906; Greenwich, 22 Apr., 17 Oct., 1910; New Haven, 29 Oct., 1912; 11 Sept., 19016; Apresnozo- Stratford, 20 Aug., 1913, 29 Aug., 1919; Bridgeport, 24 Nov., 1015; Bantam, 29 Nov., 1916; Norwalk, 6 Oct., 1916; Stamford, 29 Apr., 1919; Wilton, 28 Oct., 1920; Saugatuck, 1 March, 1921; New Canaan, 23 July, 1021, C. furfura (Fitch). Aspidiotus furfurus. Aspidiotus harrtsi. seurty scale.» (Pl. xiv, 4:) Rept. Ins; N.Y sii, 352, 1856, Scale of female: Length 2-2.5 mm., white or light gray, broadly pyriform and flat, often curved, exuviae yellowish brown. Female: Median lobes broadly rounded, entire, converging, striate; five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices; median 7-16; anterior lateral, 22-32; posterior lateral, 16-22. Scale of male: Length .7-1 mm.; white, exuviae pale yellow, covering about one-third; distinctly tricarinate. This species winters in the form of purplish eggs under the female scale. These eggs hatch the last week in May. There is but one brood each year. This insect is a minor pest and is com- mon on apple, pear, currant and hawthorn throughout the state. The records in the office of the State Entomologist show that it has been received more than one hundred times from sixty-two towns, each county being represented. Variety fulva King was described from Massachusetts on Rhamnus cathartica on account of its unusual color due to the overlying epidermis. C. lintneri Comstock. Second Rept. Dept. Ent., Cornell Univ., 103, 1883. Scale of female: Length 2.5-3.2 mm.; dull, dirty white, exuviae yellowish brown; broadly pyriform, flattened, thin and flexible. Female: Median lobes obscurely pointed and faintly serrate. Five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices ; median groups 11-19; anterior lateral, 25-42; posterior lateral, 19-28. Scale of male: Length .8-1mm.; white, exuviae yellow or colorless, extending about two-fifths the length, parallel-sided, narrow, distinctly tricarinate. This species is a native of the United States and occurs on alder, birch, spice bush, Cornus and Viburnum. Stonington, 18 May, 1907. C. ortholobis Comstock. Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr., 317, 1881. Scale of female: Length 2-2.5 mm., dirty white, exuviae brown, pyriform, somewhat elongated, broadest at middle. Female: Median lobes straight, parallel, and close together, rounded apically, sometimes serrate exterio-laterally. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices, 10-25; anterior lateral, 18-35; posterior lateral, 16-24. No. 34.]| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 365 Scale of male: Length .6-.8mm.; white, exuviae pale brown or colorless. Scale oval without carinae. Occurs on poplar, willow and butternut. Has not been taken in Connecticut but has been recorded from Massachusetts and doubtless occurs here. C. pinifoliae (Fitch). Pine leaf scale. (PI. xiv, 5.) Rept. Ins. N. Y., 11, 488, 1855. Scale of female: Length 3-4 mm., very convex, sides nearly parallel, broadened somewhat posteriorly, though varying in shape according to width of leaf of the host. Snow white, with exuviae bright orange or brown. Female: Median lobes broadly rounded, separated, striate and entire. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices 7-13; anterior lateral, 12-20; posterior lateral, 14-18. Scale of male: Length 1-1.3 mm.; white, exuviae pale yellow. shape ellipsoidal, slightly broadened posteriorly, tricarinate. There are two generations each year, though not easily dis- tinguished. Native on the leaves of various species of pine and spruce in the eastern United States, often injuring seedlings and small trees. Occurs throughout the state. Hartford, 19 Oct., 1903, 12 Sept., 1905, 5 Feb., 1908, 6 Apr., 1910, 20 Sept., 1916, 20 Sept., 1917, 24, 27 Sept., 1918, 5 Sept., 3, 4 Oct., 1919; New Haven, 29 June, 1908, 26 Aug., 25 Oct., 1909, 31 Jan., 1913, 23 May, 1914, 3 June, 1919; Manchester, 15 Aug., 1918, Aug., 1919; South Manchester, 27 May, 1902, 3, 21 Aug., 1909; 18 March, 1914; Thompson, 14 Apr., 1906; Rainbow, 10 June, 1907; Riverside, 28 Sept. 1911; Greenwich, 2 Oct., 1912, 15 Jan., 1919; Cos Cob, 2 Aug., 1913, 12 June, 1914; New Canaan, 13 Nov., 1912; Avon, 5 Oct., 1915; Bridgeport, 24 Nov., 1915; Bristol, 4 Oct., 1916, 11 Oct., 1918; Stamford, 1 Oct., 1917; Cromwell, 21 Aug., 1918; Wallingford, 30 July, 1918; Meriden, 20 May, 1921, 5 Nov., 1920; Sharon, 28 July, 1921; Simsbury, 21 Jan., 1921; Rockville, 17 Sept., 1921; Danielson, 15 June, 1922. C. pinifoliae var. heterophyllae Cooley. Can. Ent., xxix, 281, 1897. Indistinguishable from pinifoliae except by the lobes of the pygidium of the female. The median lobes are small, narrowly rounded and diverging, forming a notch in the margin of the pygidium. Occurs on Pinus heterophylla and P. mitis in Florida, and has been recorded from Rhode Island on P. sylvestris. C. salicis-nigrae (Walsh), erroneously salicis, an European species. Rept. Ins. IIl., 1, 40, 1868. Scale of female: Length 2.5-4 mm. ; white, exuviae yellowish brown, elongated pyriform, broadest near the middle, distinctly convex. Female: Median lobes short, broadly rounded, entire or faintly serrate. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices 21-36; anterior lateral, 31-45; posterior lateral, 28-32. 366 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Scale of male: Length 1-1.2mm.; white, exuviae brown or nearly colorless, sides parallel, slightly broadened posteriorly, distinctly but feebly tricarinated. The usual host plants are poplar and willow, but this scale is found occasionally on Liriodendron, Cornus and Amelanchier. Recorded from Massachusetts and New York. Another species, C. spartinae Comstock, has been recorded from Massachusetts. Specimens and description are not available. Hemichionaspis Cockerell. Only one species of this genus has been recognized in our territory and this is usually found on the leaves of plants in greenhouses. H. aspidistrae (Signoret). Chionaspis aspidistrae. Chionaspis brasiliensis. Chionaspis latus. (Pl. xv, 2.) Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., ix, 443, 1869. Scale of female: Length 1.8-2.6mm.; pale brown exuviae of same color; rather broadly pyriform with posterior extremity well rounded. Female: Median lobes with three notches on outer margins. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices 5-15; anterior lateral 15-22; posterior lateral 17-23. Scale of male: Length 1-1.3 mm.; white, exuviae bright yellow, sides parallel, tricarinated. On orchids, ferns and tropical plants in greenhouses. Milford, 12 March, 1909, 2 Feb., 1922; Cromwell, 19 Jan., 19Io. Diaspis Costa. Female scale nearly circular, white or light gray, exuviae nearly central, or at least well within the margin. Only one species (samiae) is without circumgenital gland-orifices, and one (echin- ocacté cacté) has a male scale which is not tricarinate. Key to Species. 1. Pygidium of female with five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices 2 Pygidium without grouped circumgenital gland-orifices ........ zamiae 2. Inner margins of median lobes serrate ...:............2..-0 eee 3 Median lobes small: not serrate: .2.-2.3.+.-2..-..-52:+ spe 3. Thoracic segment with large projecting tubercle on either side; median lobes diverging; large inner margins strongly curved, sharply: Serrate’ cons cee - ota eee ace se ee boisduvalii Thoracic tubercle wanting; median lobes smaller diverging, inner margins nearly Straight: (Serrate sco ae se «nos os <= ee bromeliae 4. Posterior group of circumgenital gland-orifices usually of more than twelve 022). 25 cene Winey eee eit es echinocacti cacti Posterior group of circumgenital gland-orifices usually from seven _ TO: TUNG ie ie des 0 0 5S ew aes aes cee oe ete eee ito (na = = mine oc carueli No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 367 D. boisduvalii (Signoret). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., ix, 432, 1860. _Scale of female: Diameter 2mm.; white or light gray, nearly circular, sometimes slightly elqngated. Exuviae large, darker, nearly central. Female: Thoracic segment prolonged at each cephalo-lateral angle to form a large tubercle. Median lobes large, separate at base, divergent, inner margins strongly curved and sharply serrate. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices 8-16; anterior lateral 20-28; posterior 15-18. Scale of male: Length .75-1 mm.; white, and distinctly tricari- nate, usually massed in large numbers, and covered with woolly filaments. On palms, orchids, etc., in greenhouses. Recorded from Canada, New York and Massachusetts. . New Haven, 27 Feb., 1906. D. bromeliae (Kerner). Naturg. Ins., 20, 52, 1778. Scale of female: Diameter 2.25-3mm.; nearly circular, flat convex, whitish semitransparent, sometimes covered or partially covered with scurfy epidermal layer of host; exuviae near the margin, varies from yellow to pale brown. Female: Similar to boisduvalli, but without tubercles at cephalo- lateral angles of thoracic segment of body and pygidium with much smaller median lobes which diverge, their inner margins nearly straight and sharply serrate; median group of circum- genital gland-orifices, 8-9; anterior lateral, 14-20; posterior lateral, n3= 17. Scale of male: .75-1 mm., white and tricarinated, resembling male of boisduvalli but having a less number of woolly filaments, and the exuviae are darker. Occurs on Bromelia, Hibiscus, pineapple and other plants in greenhouses; is an important pest of pineapples where they are rown. ; Has been recorded from Massachusetts; though without definite records, it probably occurs in Connecticut. D. carueli Targioni-Tozzetti. Juniper scale. Catalogue Cocc., 43, 1869. Scale of female: Diameter .75-1.75 mm.; average I mm., nearly circular, irregularly pyriform, very convex; white or dirty gray, often covered with a sooty deposit; exuviae inside the margin, pale yellow or colorless. Female: Median lobes small, separated, parallel, entire or faintly notched or scalloped, not serrate. Median group of cir- cumgenital gland-orifices, 5-8; anterior lateral, 10-13; posterior lateral, 7-9. 368 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Scale of male: Length .75 mm., white, tricarinate, the central carina strongest, exuviae pale yellow. Recorded from New York and Massachusetts, on juniper and arbor vitae. Danbury, 4 Aug., 1917, on Juniperus virginiana. D. echinocacti Bouché var. cacti Comstock. calyptroides. Cactus scale. (PI. xv, 1.) Second Rept. Dept. Ent., Cornell Univ., 91, 1883. Scale of female: Diameter 1.5-1.7mm., white or light gray, nearly circular, exuviae dark brown, nearly central. Female: Median lobes small with margins wholly entire, rounded, slightly diverging. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices, 6-13; anterior lateral, 16-22; posterior lateral, 12-18. Scale of male: White, unicarinate, exuviae yellowish to brownish. On plants of the family Cactaceae in greenhouses. West Hartford, 4 Jan., 1916. D. zamiae Morgan. Ent. Mon. Mag., xxvi, 44, 1890. Scale of female: Diameter 1.5-2 mm., circular or approximately so, strongly convex, whitish wax-like. Exuviae subcentral, yellowish. Female: Median lobes widely separated, divergent, finely and widely serrate. May be distinguished from other closely related species by the large bifurcated plates. There are no groups of circumgenital gland-orifices. Male unknown. On Zamia and Cycas revoluta in greenhouses. Recorded from New York and Massachusetts and will probably be found in Connecticut. Epidiaspis Cockerell. E. piricola (Del Guercio). Duaspis piricola. Duiaspis ostreae- formis. Aspidiotus piricola. Italian pear scale. I] Natur. Sicil., 142, 1894. Scale of female: Diameter 1.5 mm., circular, light gray, flat- tened, exuviae covered by a film of secretion and inconspicuous, but when film is rubbed off it is shiny and orange-brown in color. Female: Median lobes orange-brown (other lobes colorless) large and prominent, rounded. Median group of circumgenital gland- -orifices, 8; anterior lateral, 13; posterior lateral, 8. On pear and plum. Found under edges of rough bark on pear twig. New London, 15 March, 1902. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 369 Aulacaspis Cockerell. The species of this genus were formerly included under Diaspis, and are now placed there by some authors who do not regard Aulacaspis as being distinct. Female scale nearly circular, white, the exuviae near the margin. Pygidium with five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices. Scale of male strongly tricarinate. Key to Species. Median lobes with both margins free; lateral groups of circum- senitalygiand-orifices. well sepatated 2... ji. Wace ae pentagona Median lobes with only the inner margins free; lateral groups Oimelancd=orilices: almost CONTINUOUS <2. ¢oscaans See eee rosae A. pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti). Duiaspis pentagona. Diaspis amygdalt. Diaspis lanatus. West Indian peach scale. (PI. XIV, 9.) Revis. di Bacchic., 11, 1885. Scale of female: Diameter 1.75-2.75 mm., opaque, white, nearly circular, convex; exuviae yellow near margin. Female: Median lobes large, slightly separated at base, round- pointed, both margins free and deeply and coarsely notched. Five large groups of circumgenital gland-orifices, varying in number but the groups well separated; median, 6-13; anterior lateral, 14-32; posterior lateral, 12-30. Scale of male: Length .75-1 mm., white, faintly tricarinate. On various species of Prunus from Japan, and many other hosts. It has been found in Connecticut on Chinese privet, Ligustrum ébota, lilac, Catalpa bungei and cherry. Greenwich 21 Oct.,. 1013, 27 Oct. 1914,°26. Sept.,, 1916, 8) Oct.) 1917; New London, 18 Apr., 1914; New Haven, 6 Aug., 1917. A. rosae (Bouché). Diaspis rosae. (PI. xiv, 8.) Naturg. Ins., 14, 1834. Scale of female: Diameter, 2-3 mm., snowy-white, sometimes yellowish, exuviae usually near margin, yellowish. Female: Median lobes large, slightly separated, widely diver- gent, inner margins free and finely serrate. Lateral groups of circumgenital gland-orifices almost continuous; median group 18-22; anterior lateral, 25-32; posterior lateral, 26-34. Scale of male: Length 1.25-1.5 mm., white and tricarinated. Common throughout the state on rose, raspberry and blackberry. Groton, 13 Aug., 1900; Clintonville, 23 Apr., 1902; Danielson, 21 Nov., 1902; New Haven, 14 June, 1903, 28 Apr., 1906, 5 Apr., 1907, 5 Dec., 1909, 6 Aug., 1917, 20 Aug., 1919; Plantsville, 22 Apr., 1903; Berlin, 20 Nov., 1917; Yalesville, 1 Feb., 1905; Simsbury, 18 Apr., 1905, 14 Apr., 1917; Norwich, 25 March, 1907, 28 Aug., 1909; South Manchester, 3 Aug., 1909; Rockville, 22 Dec., 1909; Bristol, 12 Apr., 1910; Greenwich, 7 Nov., 1910; Uncasville, 4 Aug., 1911; Hartford, 2 July, 1914, 30 Oct., 1917. 370 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Pinnaspis Cockerell. Only one species occurs within the region covered by this paper and that probably passes as oyster-shell scale. ) P. buxi (Bouché). pandans. Stett..Ent. Zeit., xii, 111, 1851. Female scale: 1-1.5mm. long, brown, varying from light to dark. Female: Median lobes of pygidium small and narrow; inner margins entire, approximate, outer margins irregularly notched. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices, 4; anterior lateral, 9-12; posterior lateral, 11-13. On box, Buxus sempervirens, and a number of greenhouse plants. Though not definitely recorded, it probably occurs in Connecticut, and has been recognized in Massachusetts and New York. Leucaspis Targioni-Tozzetti. Only one species of this genus occurs in our region and this has been discovered here recently. The female scales resemble those of Lepidosaphes though somewhat shorter and broader. The male scales are elongated, whitish but not carinated. L. japonica Cockerell. (PI. xv, 3.) Psyche, viii, 53, 1897. Scale of female: Length 1.5-2mm., about the same color as bark. Scale of male: Length 1.25-1.75. Whitish, exuviae brown, without carinae. On Norway and silver maple and California privet. Greenwich, 8 Dec., 1914; Stamford, 27 Oct., 1914. Fiorinia Targioni-Tozzetti. Scales of the females in this genus are formed almost wholly of the exuviae, which are terminal; scales of males resemble those of Chionaspis. A single species is found in our region on green- house plants. F. fioriniae (Targioni-Tozzetti). Diaspis fiorimae. Ftorima camelliae. Studii Sul Cocc., 14, 1867. Scale of female: Length 1-1.25mm. Yellowish brown with white margin; elongated, narrowest at extremities, sides straight or slightly curved, dorsum usually with a high, rounded, dark brown keel or ridge, with sloping parallel sides, more or less wrinkled. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 372 Female: Caudal margin deeply notched, the median lobes con- fluent at base but widely diverging from the margins of this notch; these lobes are serrate on the inner free margins. There are five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices, the median being contin- uous with the anterior laterals, the posterior laterals separate and arranged in a double row; median about 9; anterior lateral, 9-12; posterior lateral, 12-16. Scale of male: Resembles that of female but smaller. On palms, ferns and many other plants in greenhouses. Probably occurs in Connecticut though definite records are not at hand. Aspidiotus Bouché. Female scale nearly circular, slightly to strongly convex. Exuviae nearly central forming a nipple; secretionary covering either thin and transparent or thick and opaque, easily rubbing off from the nipple showing the color of the exuviae. Male scale usually oblong-ovate, resembling female in color and texture. Key to Species. 1, Pygidium of female without groups of circumgenital gland-orifices 2 Pygidium of female with groups of circumgenital gland-orifices MDS Slits abepe epee a .oscinaic: sce) acxlie elles Sycheice eo the Silo cit velseveley obanete epset Iie 3 ZeOnivsone) pair ot lobes, notched on each margin !)ot. ee es ee ulmi More than one pair of lobes; median lobes notched only on outer Rida pet ET SIP cays ees core) 55:0, oiteoaire a aps tore ale sauatstenee ovata Sate perniciosus BwGlanG-oniicesiarranged in LOUL BOUPS: 220. o's onl wee ele tees eee 4 Gilana-onitices arranced in TVe STOUPS 2.4.02 .:.4 heat ce ee mci enoee 8 4. Median lobes notched on both outer and inner margins ........... 5 Median lobes notched only on outer margins .............. comstocki FameNvitcciam lobes large and prominent ...6 0... 26 25 see6 a eie ons as stele eiae Medmnumonesysinall separated. 6. < o-. . awe ss sutsias sere siltyenciieee abietis Ome \viedian Jobes*ionger than. broad) «....:0c.02.:2.%5/c/0 «sie t wo cle suntersiayeeals 7 Medianmlonestas: brOAG AS lOc ...e cc. sa tile were ree oeurerelauel cyanophylli 7. Median lobes narrow, parallel, converging ............-..---- hederae Niedtanwlonpes almost trilobed: 2.05 .:6215 «sim 2 el eieleres cele ayaelstere « brittannicus 8. Median lobes notched on outer margins only, sometimes entire .... 9 Median lobes notched on both outer and inner margins .......... uvae 9. Median lobes rather broad, or distinctly converging ............. 10 Median lobes narrow, inner margins nearly parallel .............. Il 10. Median lobes notched near tips; second lobes narrow two- or three-notched on outer margin, chitinous processes rather small AMICMES AVENE fe .c0e eye cere; oe a wie! cvs a0 @ Ge ws lle loget pene hagotetee juglans-regiae Median lobes notched near middle; second lobes narrow, notched on outer margin; chitinous processes larger and curved or twisted forbesi 11. Median lobes long, entire, or roundly notched on outer margins; _ second and third lobes rudimentary ...........ceeeeseeevees osborni Median lobes notched on outer margin, second lobes broader than and half the length of the median lobes, wavy, on apical margin ostreaeformis Median lobes rather short, somewhat separated, notched on outer and occasionally on inner margins, second lobes not projecting beyond margin of pygidium .......... eee e eee cece e eens ancylus 372 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. f Bull. A. abietis (Schrank). Hemlock scale. Beitr. Z. Naturg., 48, 1776. Scale of female: Length 2-3mm., dark gray, varying from nearly circular to elongate with ends rounded; exuviae subcentral, orange. | Female: Median lobes separated, small and variable; both inner and outer margins notched; rounded apically; two pectinae between the median lobes. There are four groups of circum- genital gland-orifices; anterior lateral, 9-11; posterior lateral, 5-6. Scale of male: Length 1.4mm., similar to scale of female, though smaller and darker. On hemlock. Norwalk, 13 Mar., 1906 (W. E. B.); New Haven, 31 Jan., 1913. A. ancylus (Putnam). Duaspis ancylus. Putnam’s scale. Trans. la. Hort. Soc., xii, 321, 1877. Scale of female: Diameter I-1.5 mm., dark gray or black, with lighter gray margin; exuviae subcentral, brick red, covered with a gray excretion which is easily removed by rubbing. The scales often occur in clusters, and when crowded are more or less irregular. Female: Median lobes large, well developed, well separated, the inner margins parallel, usually entire, occasionally notched, the outer margins notched. There are two pectinae between the lobes. The five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices are as follows: median, 2-3; anterior lateral, 6-10; posterior lateral, 4-9. Scale of male: Length 1I-1.5mm.; of same color as female scale, but smaller and more elongated. Though not an important pest, this scale is fairly common on peach, cherry, currant, birch, beech, maple, and many other host trees. New Haven, 19 Dec., 1899; 11 Apr., 1900; 11 Mar., 1901; 19 Apr., 1902; 20 Jan., 1906; Norwalk, 3 Nov., 1900; 7 Mar., 1901; Ansonia, 2 June, 1902; Storrs, 1 May, 1906. A. brittanicus Newstead. Ent. Mon. Mag., xxxii, 279, 1896. Scale of female: Diameter 1.75-2 mm., dusky ochreous, with a broad, smoky brown central zone, moderately convex; exuviae subcentral, orange-yellow. Scales easily detached from host plant. Female: Median lobes emarginate, or notched on both outer and inner margins, giving them a trilobed appearance. Second pair of lobes nearly as large as median and of similar shape. There are usually four groups of circumgenital gland-orifices, rarely a median group of 2-3; anterior lateral, 7-10; posterior lateral, 7-8. Scale of male: Similar to scale of female, nearly circular, ovate or elongate, fulvous. This species has been recorded from Massachusetts, and is found on holly and Ruscus hypoglossum. No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 873 A. comstocki Johnson. | Ent. News, vii, 151, 1896. Scale of female: Length 1.5-2 mm., elongated or almost semi- circular, depending upon its position on leaf; buff with exuviae varying from yellow to reddish brown. Female: There are two pairs of lobes, the second pair often as long as, or longer than the median pair, both pairs notched on the outer margin near the tip; the median lobes may be notched on both outer and inner margins. There are four groups of circum- genital gland-orifices, anterior lateral about 6; posterior lateral, 4. Scale of male: Length Imm. cream buff or grayish white, elongate oval, exuviae submarginal. This species is found on maple and has been recorded from New York and Ohio. A. cyanophylli Signoret. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., ix, 119, 1860. Scale of female: Diameter 1.5-2 mm., circular to ovate, brown- ish yellow exuviae central, bright yellow, covered by a white secretion. Female: Median lobes very large, as broad as long, notched on both margins near apex. There are four groups of circumgenital gland-orifices ; anterior lateral, 4-5; posterior lateral, 3-5. Scale of male: Similar to that of female, but elliptical with exuviae subcentral. On palms, orchids and various plants in greenhouses. New Haven, 9 Jan., 1904. A. forbesi Johnson. Cherry scale. Ent. News, vii, 151, 1896. Scale of female: Diameter 2mm., circular, dirty gray, exuviae subcentral, covered, orange-red. Female: Median lobes prominent, converging, almost meeting at tips, rounded apically and notched midway on outer margins. The number of circumgenital gland-orifices in the five groups are as follows: median, 1-4; anterior lateral, 4-7; posterior lateral, Scale of male: Length 1mm., elongated, more convex and darker in color than female; exuviae in front of the center, orange-red. On plum, cherry, peach, pear, apple, quince, currant, hawthorn, beech, honey locust, maple and walnut. | This species was brought into Connecticut on nursery stock. New Canaan, 8 Nov., 1899; Plainville, 14 Feb., 1902; New Haven, 9 Dec., 1903. A. hederae (Vallot) nerii Bouché. Oleander scale. White scale. GRE xv.,.5.)) Mem. Acad. Dijon, 30, 1820. 374 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Scale of female: Diameter 1.5-2 mm., nearly circular, flat, dirty white or light gray, exuviae central or subcentral, dull orange. Female: Median lobes notched on both outer and inner margins near the tips. The number of circumgenital gland-orifices in the four groups are as follows: anterior lateral, 8-9; posterior lateral, 6-7. Scale of male: Length Imm. Elongated slightly, white, exuviae subcentral, light yellow. This is a common scale on a great variety of plants in the green- house. New Haven, Dec., 1899, 19 Dec., 1901; 5 May, 1914; Hartford, 18 Apr., 1905; Glenbrook, 11 Sept., 1913; Cromwell, 5 Dec., 1913. A, juglans-regiae Comstock. English walnut scale. Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr., 300, 1880. Scale of female: Diameter 2.8-3 mm., circular, flat, pale grayish brown, exuviae subcentral, reddish brown. Female: Median lobes large and well developed, close together, converging, notched on outer margins, near apex, rounded. The five groups of circumgenital gland-orifices are as follows: median, 4-7; anterior lateral, 8-15; posterior, 6-10. Scale of male: Length I-1.25mm., elongated, smaller than female but similar in color; exuviae at anterior end. This species is found on walnut, apple, pear, peach, cherry, apricot, plum, locust and maple. It has been recorded from Massachusetts and probably occurs in Connecticut. A. osborni Newell and Cockerell. Rept. Ia. Acad. Sci., v, 229, 1808. Scale of female: Diameter 1-1.25 mm., subovate, dark gray or brown, nearly the same color as the bark of the host; exuviae rather large, dark brown, or when rubbed, yellowish orange. Female: Median lobes well developed, long and narrow, rounded apically, notched on outer margin; second and third lobes rudi- mentary; circumgenital gland-orifices grouped as follows: median, 0-2; anterior lateral, 5-7; posterior lateral, 3-4. Scale of male: Same color as female but longer and narrower. On white oak, Quercus alba, and hop-hornbeam, Ositrya vu ginica. Greenwich, 23 Sept., 1914. A. ostreaeformis Curtis. Pear tree oyster scale. European fruit scale. Gardener’s Chronicle, iii, 805, 1843. Scale of female: Diameter 1-1.5mm., circular, dark gray, lighter near margin, moderately convex; exuviae large, eccentric, yellow or orange. Female: Median lobes short and broad, outer margin notched, apex rounded, less prominent than in ancylus. Median group of gland-orifices, 5-8; anterior lateral, 10-12; posterior lateral, 10-12. No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 375 Scale of male: Smaller -than female, similar in color, exuviae submarginal. This is an European species which has been brought into the United States, and is found:on most kinds of fruit trees and a number of forest and shade trees. It has been found on nursery stock brought into Connecticut. New Canaan, 20 Nov., 7 Dec., 1899. A. perniciosus Comstock. San José or Pernicious scale. (PI. xe, 4.) Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr., 304, 1880. Scale of female: Diameter 1-2 mm., circular, slightly convex, varies from light to dark gray; exuviae pale yellow, nipple-like, with a depressed zone surrounding them. Female: Median lobes prominent, converging, rounded at apex and notched on outer margin near the middle. There are no groups of circumgenital gland-orifices. Scale of male: Darker than female, more convex, sometimes elongated with nipple-like prominence and depressed ring more conspicuous than in the female. This is an Asiatic species accidentally introduced into the west- ern United States more than forty years ago, and first discovered in Connecticut in 1895. It spread very rapidly and for ten or fif- teen years threatened the orchards of the state. Many peach orchards were destroyed by it before the owners learned to control it by spraying with the lime-sulphur wash. Now it is being held in check locally by a chalcidid parasite, Prospaltella pernicioss Tower. In the office of the State Entomologist there are records from more than 400 localities in Connecticut, including about 150 towns and all parts of the state. A. ulmi Johnson. Boleaitivst. abi;Nat; Hist., iv, 388, 1806. Scale of female: Diameter 1.5-2 mm., circular, dirty white or buff, exuviae yellow. Female: Only one pair of lobes, notched on each side, apex somewhat rounded. ‘There are no regular groups of circumgenital gland-orifices present, though in some specimens from one to three are in place of the posterior laterals. Scale of male: Length .7mm., more or less circular or some- what elongate, of same color as female. Found on the trunks and larger branches of the American elm, especially on the smoother and thinner bark between the plates of outer bark. Also found on catalpa. New Haven, 7 Oct., 1900; Bristol, 30 Mar., 1914. A. uvae Comstock. Grape scale. | Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr., 309, 1880. Scale of female: Diameter 1.5 mm., circular, rather flat, light 376 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. brown, exuviae subcentral, bright yellow. Scale of lighter color than dry bark of host. Female: Median lobes large and prominent, rather close, nearly parallel, prominently notched on both outer and inner margins, apex rounded; inner notch slightly nearer apex than outer notch. Median group of circumgenital gland-orifices, 0-4; anterior lateral, 4-9; posterior lateral, 3-7. Scale of male: Length 1 mm., elongated, slightly more convex and darker than female. Exuviae submarginal. On grape; not yet recorded from Connecticut. Chrysomphalus Ashmead. The species of this genus were formerly included under Aspidio- tus but differ in the shape of the female and in the presence of much elongated, chitinous thickenings or processes extending for- ward from the bases of the lobes. Of the four species here listed, three are tropical and occur in greenhouses or on tropical fruits in the markets. Key to Species. 1. Circumgenital gland-orifices present; three pairs of well-developed LOWES? Soroka eere oes evident thee pce eee cial in oe 2 Circumgenital gland-orifices absent; three pairs of well-developed LOBOS: cc aicteae ot cies Hee Mowe elke etn te aie Sewanee eee aurantii 2. Four groups of gland-orifices; scale of female dark reddish brown 3 Five groups of gland-orifices; scale of female colored like bark Of Host exuviae set iDlaclk we eecnects ye cance Prise net ee ere obscurus 3. Scale of female very convex, almost conical; exuviae gray; chitinous processes linear, nearly straight ................. aonidum Scale of female broadly convex, reddish brown, exuviae gray; chitinous processes clavate, more or less curved ....... dictyospermi C. aonidum (Linnaeus). Chrysomphalus ficus. Aspidtotus ficus. Coccus aonidum. Fig scale. Circular scale. (PI. Xv, 0.) Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, i, 455, 1758. Scale of female: Diameter 2mm., circular, strongly convex, reddish to dark brown; exuviae gray, nipple-like, highly raised from surface of leaf; appearing almost as if pointed like a low or flattened cone. Female: Median and second lobes abruptly narrowed distally, notched on outer margins; third pair of lobes with two or three notches on outer margins; paraphyses or chitinous processes nearly straight, the central pair small, nearly parallel, all other pairs converging toward their distal extremities. [four groups of circumgenital gland-orifices arranged as follows: anterior lateral, 7-8; posterior lateral, 3-4. Scale of male: Similar to that of female, though much smaller and with posterior gray flap. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 377 On Ficus, palm, oleander, citrus trees, and many other kinds of greenhouse plants. It has been found on Ilex crenata from Japan. New Haven, 3 Dec., 1901; Cromwell, 10 Oct., 1902; 29 Nov., 1909. C. aurantii (Maskell). Aspidiotus aurantu. Orange red scale. N. Z. Trans., xi, 199, 1878. Scale of female: Diameter 2mm., circular, light gray, trans- lucent, showing reddish insect beneath; convex, central exuviae, nipple-like, similar to aonidum but more flattened. Female: Body orange or reddish brown, reniform in shape; median and second lobes notched on both sides, third lobes notched on outer margins only. There are no circumgenital gland-orifices. Scale of male: Resembles that of female, but much smaller, with a long thin posterior flap. This species is found chiefly on citrus trees in greenhouses, though many other kinds of plants are infested. Common on oranges and lemons in the market. New Canaan, Jan., 1900. C. dictyospermi (Morgan). rather small parasitic species’. ../..1..'. =. CIMICIDAE, p. 668 22. Hemielytra provided with a cuneus, membrane without long closed cells, sometimes without veins; sometimes brachypterous; small Ih SIZE® i svape nes osc era ty Bee eee Ree aie ANTHOCORIDAE, p. 665 Hemielytra without a cuneus; membrane with four or five long closed cells; moderate or small in size ......... SALDIDAE, p. 408 23... Ocelli absent. 4.2405 2 se cee sn eee Soe eee ioe ee 60 oe oe ee 24 Ocelli present, except in certain Lygaeidae which may be distin- guished by the venation and ring structure ........6...0 see 26 24. Membrane with two large cells at base from which extend about eight branching veins; hemielytra without a cuneus;_ rather large strone forms i:i4. sacee eee ia: [PYRRHOCORIDAE] Membrane with one or two small cells at base, very rarely with longitudinal veins; cuneus distinct; rather small delicate forms 25 25. First segment of rostrum longer than broad, extending generally somewhat beyond posterior margin of head; membrane with two small cells at base or rarelysonewas.n serie es MIRIDAE, Pp. 422 First segment of rostrum little or not longer than broad, extending No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: HETEROPTERA. 385 20. 27. 28. 20. 30. 31. 32. 33: posteriorly not farther than middle of eyes; membrane with one Gall Ein osude Jonuy Homopee ee STA are TERMATOPHYLIDAE, p. 665 Hemielytra without a cuneus, not Mirid-like; size large or small 27 Hemielytra with a cuneus; small Mirid-like forms .............. ; [ISOMETOPIDAE] Front legs not especially modified for grasping, generally much like the others, front femora sometimes thickened and armed with a few teeth; first segment of rostrum generally longer than wide 28 Front legs raptorial, the tibiae and usually the femora armed with rows of numerous closely set spines which interlock when the leg is flexed, front femora more or less thickened, the femoral spines sometimes replaced by closely set even setae; first rostral seg- MEMO mMOGerate IN SIZE... 6.6 «8s ac eed esas NABIDAE, p. 670 Body and appendages not extremely slender, antennae otherwise OMOUIM CLE Curren Sea pG wey ess) code aso ww yaa, a. ute oes Se ee 20 Body and appendages extremely slender, linear; antennae genicu- late, biclavate; eyes distant from base of head; moderate in size NEIDIDAE, p. 737 Membrane with numerous more or less anastomosing veins; anten- nae inserted high, usually above a line drawn from the middle ©fmnereye to the anterior end of the.buccula ....5..7.../7.... 2. 30 Membrane with five usually simple veins; antennae inserted low on the side of the head, usually below or on such a line; moderate or small in size, sometimes brachypterous ..... LYGAEIDAE, p. 708 Metasternal orifices distinct, placed farther outward; colors usually dankeuecenerally over 10mm, in length oi. ..% os. seed ee 31 Metasternal orifices generally obsolete, when present placed between intermediate and hind coxae near median line, with two diverging furrows running outwards; moderate or small in size CORIZIDAE, p. 751 Head much narrower and shorter than the pronotum; bucculae extending posterior to insertion of antennae; moderate or large WN. SZ ‘o.8 8 Boge Os On ee aa COREIDAE, p. 746 Head much larger proportionally, the part between the eyes wider than the scutellum; bucculae anterior to insertion of antennae; MIMOG CTANCMITIESIZE users, tes s,s: 0 seer} bigs oss Soe ts ake Nant ALYDIDAE, p. 749 Scutellum generally large, covering almost the whole of abdomen, usually very convex; when scutellum is reduced in size and HMatcenedmiIae. ATe, Strongly SPINOSE ... cs... c-cis sa. datenetancetsoielenarciee 33 Scutellum generally moderate in size, more or less narrowed apically; scutellum rarely covering most of the abdomen, in which case, in our species, colors are bright and contrasting, or there is a prominent tooth just anterior to lateral angles of pro- notum; tibiae not strongly spinose but sometimes bear very small spines or a more or less hair-like vestiture which may have a spinose appearance; moderate in size ... PENTATOMIDAE, p. 753 Tibiae thickly set with long strong dark colored spines; corium narrow, acute or rounded apically; moderate to minute in size .. CYDNIDAE, p. 776 Tibiae not strongly spinose; corium broad, obtuse at apex; moder- DKS Thad \SVAS* Se ee Le Ca re SCUTELLERIDAE, p. 781 13 386 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Family CORIXIDAE. By JAMEs Francis Apsott, Pxu.D. The Corixidae are probably the most highly specialized of the Heteroptera—speaking in an evolutionary sense. The multitude of variations and the apparent plasticity of the species is likewise evidence of their relatively recent appearance on the earth. Repre- sentatives of the family are found in all parts of the world, although certain genera are restricted to various zoogeographical divisions. Of the twelve genera that are recognized, seven are to be found in North America, and of these three occur in Connecticut. Corixids are to be found in shallow brooks, ponds and puddles, sometimes in streams so near the sea that the water is very brack- ish. They are as a rule strong flyers, and often migrate in great swarms from pond to pond. At such times they not infrequently come to the light. They swim through the water, back uppermost, in irregular rapid jerks, and as a rule spend the greater part of the time near the bottom, clinging to sticks or water-weeds. The cross-barred markings of the tegmina, characteristic of nearly every representative of the family, are doubtless of great value in aiding the insects to escape observation, on account of the conse- quent resemblance to the debris to which they cling. Males and females are distinguished throughout the family by a number of striking morphological characters, the most remark- able of which is the asymmetrical structure of the abdominal seg- ments of the males. On the dorsum of the latter there is also an organ of doubtful function (usually shaped like a curry-comb) called the “strigil’’ and the males likewise have the fore tarsi (or “palae’’) provided with one or two rows of chitinous “pegs” or teeth. By rubbing these back and forth over a roughened area on the femur of the other fore-leg, a twittering sound is produced. The females lack these pegs and the abdominal segments are per- fectly regular. The front of the female is usually convex, that of the male, concave. The eggs are usually attached to water-weeds or to other debris and there are usually two or more broods in a season. The following keys are based largely on male characters, since the discrimination of isolated females is a matter of great difficulty and in most cases is possible only when large series are available for comparison. In order to understand the descriptions, the accompanying sketch of one of our commonest species is included. See fig. 36. Key to Genera. 1. Asymmetry dextral.* First tibia not produced over pala ......... 2 _ *To the right of the observer (and of the insect) when the latter is looked at from above. The intromittent organ curves toward the asymmetrical side. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CORIXIDAE. 387 Asymmetry and strigil sinistral.* First tibia produced over pala in GHeMROnM Ola SPUti ys es VCR PLU sURM UGG Ry na eM aaa ey Corixa, p. 390 2. Metathoracic wings present and Functional)! yee Ue OAM 2 Wetathoracic: wines rudimentary so. .2.02. oye Palmacorixa, p. 390 SMES IMO MM AID SELE Ye cays ce! Secs voles sical ele aah alelh aie wdetan alan Callicorixa, p. 390 Senieil presents on the right side*. 2.0. 2S 8 Arctocorisa, p. 387 Arctocorisa Wallengren. Key to Species. TMU MOO ITIITIN OTe MMOLE fei cose eae: abc 5,54 5.ai Visio ie aieie ld salela cae elaianenels miaatel Weietamlessh than’ Gite whic cies. ered ficne Siet b ale el olalouaiel sere ie ine rete 2. Lineations tending to coalesce into solid color or longitudinal seria- Pel OLS MMe iris ta are alec eionce 3h ata iene's esaieiince Svece’ 6) shei-o! el oxeireica setoned sitet aiee elie uanemenanetrate Lineations distinct, often confused but always transverse and com- MLEtElyACOVEHINGy the COLMM 4b a)6 isd ef sieleae hic cade se ear Bue Membrane with very..obscure or no lineations .2......0. 0.68. 04.6 Membrane with regular lineations somewhat like those of corium. Pronotum with 4-5 lines. Pegs 13+ 18—=36. Margins of elytra TpeIrcalll CUMIN sr ene beta d tc c's fo20.a oan vlbgelnve leva miansh Oilers dw sianaea etenelala ornata 4. Length 8-9mm. Markings heavy and often coalescent into solid black, which always covers the entire corium. Membrane smoky but without true lineations, and in sharp contrast to the rest of the tegmina. Corium bordered by yellow margin. Pegs 29-30. Sides of body parallel. Pronotum with 6-7 narrow lines kennicottii Markings coalescent, condensed to a mass of solid color in the inner angle of the corium. Embolium and outer margin of corium without lineations. Pronotum wunicolorous or with 7-8 very narrow scratched lines. Pegs 22. Male pala, short ligulate. Bodvabnoadestuim tie middle ...... 6 5c. sec oul cie Sachse oe aU lucida 5. Length 10-10.5mm. Suture between corium and membrane rarely marked by color,—the lineations being continuous across the Wwaness Male tpala ligulate .- Pegs 26-30. .......00de0dbies interrupta Length 8-9omm. Suture between corium and membrane usually marked by a yellow line. Male palae shorter in proportion to be ona) Nees MAGtoMmtamunwInternitpta,. PEGS STEQA o.oo. kelcie sicnes cise eaten nitida 6. Lineations of clavus usually broad and entire, in contrast to the confused and broken lines of the corium. Length 6-8mm. ...... Lineations of clavus, interrupted, of the same character as those of COMM LEN Otly Ae Ses MII: Skis cies hvocwt e.o'e'a.teye eletelalele ciarsroteaenetan 9 FEMA SG OO ESS I Ee ick ciaicle lies Wisle’algss d aualb la bie ese:lelb a cali takeltouaie Ua ana nere Re 8 Pegs 38-40 in a single curving row, tegmina dark in color and very MASUD LC HMI PN Deine \itis's a cca:rodo/ 8,6 avallale w'ane Mintaro CU ee a aN yee alternata 8. Markings of corium coalescent into 3 longitudinal stripes. Pala WWAtMMre2supess: Menoth, OM... -. 0 assesses ein cin seen trilineata Corial markings confused and interrupted but not longitudinally Semiatenn bers 20-30;, Wength 7G: wis ec!) serene Se parshleyi Ome ess mores than’ 20:1 a CULVEG TOW ss sc cisiece «ie out ols sete steretemsaceters 10 Feo Siolemitiiany ANS lated: HOW % a 2c cess « wlare,s wi statelerer suede: eaten seriata 10. Pegs 20-21 in an evenly curving row, midway the face of the pala compressa Pegs 25-26, following the upper margin of the pala ............ scabra mintetrupta (Say). (Pl. xvi, 2.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Soc. Phila., iv, 328, 1825. * Extending to the left. + With the surface roughened in ridges like a file. Fic. 36. Corixidae.* (1) Arctocorisa interrupta (Say),—sketch to illus- trate structural parts of a Corixid. The right wing-cover has been removed and the lineations of the other one are omitted for the sake of clearness. (2) Arctocorisa kennicottt (Uhler),—right wing-cover. (3) Arctocorisa lucida Abbott,—right wing-cover. (4) Arctocorisa ornata Abbott,—right wing-cover. (5) Arctocorisa interrupta (Say),—fore tarsus of male. (6) Arctocorisa nitida (Fieber),—fore tarsus of male. (7) Arctocorisa kenni- * Note: These illustrations show the comparative shapes and not the relative sizes. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CORIXIDAE. 389 The largest and commonest species in North America. A dimorphic male form (harrissii Uhler) is common in the Eastern United States. It differs from interrupta in the shape of the pala (see fig. 36; 5 and 8). Hamden, 24 Oct., 1910 (B. H. W.); South Meriden, 19 Mar. (H. L. J.) ; Southington, 21 May, 1910 (B. H. W.); Fairfield, 15 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). A. kennicottii (Uhler). mans, Md. Acad. Sci., 1, 303, 1807. Atlantic Coast States. Hamden, 1 June, ro11 (B. H. W.); South Meriden, 27 Mar., 1914 CE eye), * A. lucida Abbott. Ent. News, xxvii, 341, 1916. Type locality: Cheshire, 5 May, 20 Mar., 1911 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 22 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 1 June, 1911 (B. H. W.). A. nitida (Fieber). Spec. Generis Corisa, 28, 1851. Characteristic of the Southern and Southeastern States. Occa- sionally found in New England. Often confused with interrupta. New Haven, 22-30 June, 1912 (A. B. C.); 22 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.). A. ornata Abbott. Ent. News, xxvii, 341, 1916. Maine, New York, Connecticut. Cheshire. A. alternata (Say). Journ; Acad) Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 320, 1825. A widely distributed species, very variable in markings. Hamden, 24 Apr., 1911 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 22 June, 1910 CA2B: © )h A. parshleyi Abbott. Ent. News, xxvii, 342, 1916. Found in Providence, R. I. A. trilineata (Provancher). Nat. Can., iv, 108, 1872. A Canadian species, extending into New England. Kingston, R. I. cotiu (Uhler),—fore tarsus of male. (8) Arctocorisa interrupta, form harrissu Uhler,—fore tarsus of male. (9) Arctocorisa lucida Abbott,—fore tarsus of male. (10) Arctocorisa ornata Abbott,—fore tarsus of male. (11) Arctocortsa alternata (Say),—fore tarsus of male. (12) Arctocorisa parsh- leyt Abbott,—fore tarsus of male. (13) Arctocorisa seriata Abbott,—fore tarsus of male. (14) Arctocorisa trilineata Provancher,—fore tarsus of male. (15) Arctocorisa compressa Abbott,—fore tarsus of male. (16) Callicorixa praeusta (Fieber),—fore tarsus of male. (17) Arctocorisa scabra Abbott,—fore tarsus of male. (18) Corixa verticalis (Fieber),—fore tarsus of male. (19) Palmacorixa buenot Abbott,—fore tarsus of male. Drawing by Dr. J. F. Abbott. 390 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. A. compressa Abbott. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., viii, 83, 1913. Southern States. Hamden, I June, 1911 (B. H. W.). A. scabra Abbott. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., viii, 83, 1913. - Southern States. Cheshire, 20 Mar., 1911, New Haven, 18 Mar., 1911 (B. H. W.). A. seriata Abbott. Ent. News, xxvii, 342, 1916. Hamden, 21 Oct., 1910 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 6 May, 1904 (H.L. V.) ; Cheshire, 20 Mar., 1911 (B. H. W.). Corixa Geoffroy. C. verticalis Fieber. Spec. Generis Corisa, 24, 1851. First tibia produced in a spur over the strongly arched pala. Pegs in a sharply angulated row, 13-14 in number. Pronotal lineations delicate, g-Io in number. Length 5 mm. East River, 2 Aug., 1900 (C. R. E.); Branford, 28 Aug., 1005 (H. W. W.) ; Hamden, 1 June, 1911 (B. H. W.). Palmacorixa Abbott. P. buenoi Abbott. Cane Ent, xlv, 113, 1013: A delicately marked, and very variable species. Found in New York, Georgia, and Massachusetts. Pegs variable in size, in an irregular row. Pala thin and plate-like. Pronotum impressed at each side. Not recorded from Connecticut. Callicorixa White. C. praeusta (Fieber). Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., xxi, 521, 1848. A common European species, found in the northern part of North America, straying into New England. Easily distinguished from all other American Corixids by the absence of strigil and the fact that the pala has the pegs in two rows. Not as yet recorded from Connecticut. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: OCHTERIDAE. 391 Family OCHTERIDAE. (Pelogonidae.) By J. R. bE ra Torre-BUENo. The family characters serve to separate this, the only genus of the family known so far in North America. Ochterus Latreille. (Pelogonus Latreille. ) These little semiaquatic bugs are dark in color, generally a vel- vety black with vague bluish markings on the elytra and flavous spots on the margins of the thorax and elytra. They live among the scanty grass and weeds about damp ground, such as the edges of ponds or streams. ‘They are very quick and lively in their movements, making little abrupt flights from place to place, and skipping about unexpectedly. When undisturbed, they walk about quite steadily and sedately. The structure of their beak seems to indicate that they are predaceous by nature; and Uhler, by infer- ence, indicates that they prey on the larvae of Diptera and other forms which habitually lie concealed in soft mud near the surface. Formerly there was thought to be only one species in the East with a range from Massachusetts to Texas, but Mr. H. G. Barber has found three on the Atlantic seaboard, one of which, Ochterus flaviclavus Barber, so far as known is Floridian only. The other two species found in the Eastern States may be separated by means of the key. Key to Species. Anterior part of the tylus flattened; vertex wider than the width of one eye; eyes not very prominent; anterior angles of prono- tum angularly truncate; prothorax more than two and one-half times as broad as long at the longest dimension; membrane of Clivetarawelln devieloOpedi ives Saree hd sion eee alee osibie care SA americanus Anterior part of the tylus convex; vertex only as wide as the width of one eye; eyes noticeably prominent; anterior angles of pronotum regularly rounded; prothorax less than two and one- half times as broad as long at the longest dimension; membrane OLE Rely MATEOW! ols Seefeld 2.4 ots 6 eye ele! aceite ol elo Ruy Gis Raa banksi O. americanus (Uhler). Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., i, 335, 1876. Most of the records of Ochterus are referred to this species, but it has been confounded with the following, therefore much doubt is attached to all. This species is found in New York, within six miles of the Connecticut line, so little effort will reveal it in this State. O. banksi Barber. (Fig. 37.) Can. Ent., xlv, 214, 1913. 392 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. The characters in the table easily differentiate this from the preceding species. Though its author states that it seems to approach the European O. marginatus Latreille, a comparison of the two species shows immediately notable differences in facies and markings, without considering the structural details. This species, not heretofore recorded from Connecticut, is found not uncommonly in New York within a few miles of the Connecticut border. Fic. 37. Ochterus banksi Barber,—(a) dorsal view, (b) lateral view, greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. Family NERTHRIDAE. (Gelastocoridae; Galgulidae.) By J. R. pE LA TorrE-BUENO. There is only one genus of this curious family in the East, represented by an uncertain number of undescribed species. Gelastocoris Kirkaldy. (Galgulus Latreille.) The family characters serve to distinguish it. The species of the genus all have a peculiar shagreened mottled aspect. They are commonly called toad-bugs, on account of their markings, promi- nent eyes and squat shapes. So far as known, all frequent the shores of streams and ponds and some are found in bogs and marshes, hopping and running about the dryer parts, in chase of their prey. The following key has been prepared from the type specimen of G. barberi; and from specimens from Raleigh, North Carolina, No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: NERTHRIDAE. 393 of the form which by common consent is regarded as oculatus Fabricius. This is the first key for species of Gelastocoris; and is on a purely structural basis. Descriptions heretofore of the species of this genus, as of other waterbugs, have been by color largely. In color, this group is singularly variable yet, paradox- ically enough, quite similar. When one gets the general color effect, it is characteristic for each species, but in every series of a species there are examples which approach in color others in a different species. The facies of Gelastocorts is also peculiar, but too elusive to put into words, as the peculiar or striking aspect of a species depends on a “more or less” description. If all, or a given species which has been used for comparison, are before a worker, no difficulty presents itself. But if he has only a single species, it is nearly impossible to determine it. Habitus is the key to species, but habitus strictly controlled by structural characters, many of which are still to be developed. No Gelastocoris seems as yet to have been found in Connecticut, although there seems to be no a preors reason for this failure. Key to Species. Front longer than broad. Eyes more prominent anteriorly and markedly inclined in that direction. Explanate margin of corium smooth, or at most imperceptibly wavy. Prominences on disk of thorax strongly marked, disk tumid. Posterior three-fourths of sides of pronotum rounded, convergent anteriorly, but not sub- transverse. Anterior claws slightly longer than tarsus, tarsus with claws one-fourth shorter than tibia. Second joint of pos- terior tarsi nearly one-half longer than third. Mesosternal tongue broad, short, oblique. Hemelytra not passing tip of abdo- men, rounded at apex; membrane reduced. Tubercles white on a dark variegated ground, producing a distinct dark and white Gl OCT eS ete t Maret ce ciacaile eile: evs vea.sl's. ovoicce naai'ey a svctelsts barberi n. sp. Front as long as broad. Eyes somewhat inclined anteriorly, more prominent laterally. Explanate margin of corium crenulate. Disk of prothorax flattened; discal prominences not marked and somewhat linear in effect. Posterior three-fourths of sides of pronotum subtransverse, rounded. Anterior claws shorter than tarsus; tarsus with claws half as long as tibia. Second joint of posterior tarsi about one-third longer than third. Mesosternal tongue narrow, long, erect. Hemelytra passing extremity of abdomen, narrowed at apex; membrane normal. Tubercles white on a prevailing clay-yellow ground, which is sometimes clouded PINS CI AM yar watt LAGI | chica .te a \o 2 sisjs + «ee: one/ere wie’ wi ile s ol etal tepelovenetets oculatus G. oculatus Fabricius. Ent. Syst. Suppl., 525, 1708. This is the species reputed to occur in the Atlantic States but so far as the writer knows has not been taken as far north as New Jersey. G. barberi Bueno, n. sp. Front vertical, triangular, longer than broad, rounded at distal end; head with eyes broader than long; eyes pedunculate, reni- | ee i, 394 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. form, markedly inclined anteriorly, with vertical indistinct dark stripes. Ocelli nearer to each other than to the eyes. Antennae concealed under the head. Rostrum short, stout, barely visible, reaching anterior coxae and concealed by them from the side; first segment shortest, ringlike, second longest, third conical, shorter. Prothorax more than two and one-half times as long as broad, anterior and posterior margins sinuate; anterior margin about as broad as head with eyes; disk tumid with distinct promi- nences; transverse indentation twice as far from anterior as from posterior margin; with an oblong median tumefication, at each extremity of which is a large (compared with the others) black tubercle; posterior margin deeply indented above scutellum, longitudinally tumid, but somewhat smoother than disk; lateral margins broad, foliaceous, posterior three-fourths rounded and convergent anteriorly, faintly denticulate, anterior one-fourth subparallel but with a distinct anterior convergence, nearly straight, denticulate; anterior pronotal angles with nearly straight, smooth anterior margins; posterior pronotal angles more or less rounded : edges of prosternum granulate, but otherwise smooth, broadly triangularly projecting sternally, antero-lateral edge somewhat reflexed to cover coxae. First pair of legs shortest, femora very stout, shorter than tibia and tarsus taken together, erooved, edges of groove spinose; anterior coxae long, stout, nearly as stout as femora; tarsus seemingly one-jointed, shorter than long double slender anterior claws, which are longer than the claws of the -other legs. Scutellum wider than long, tumid, with a trifid raised portion in lines. Hemelytra with lamellate anterior corial margin with nearly smooth edges; clavus distinct, with a curved interior vein ter- minating posteriorly in a small group of white tubercles; corium with a single curved vein, evanescent medially; corium impercept- ibly merging into the narrow membrane, which is veinless but reticulately wrinkled; the usual three single large white tubercles in the distal part of the corium in a broken line running out from the end of the clavus. Second pair of legs longer than first; coxae large, femora about three times as thick as the tibiae, tapering distally; tibiae shorter than femora, of equal thickness throughout, tarsi seemingly one- jointed. Mesosternum of equal width throughout, anterior and posterior margins subparallel, median tongue broad-triangular, sloping, rounded at tip, dentate. Metasternum laterally triangular, produced posteriorly, leaving the margin of the fourth abdominal segment exposed as a triangle and the apex passing the suture between the third and fourth, broadly emarginate for the reception of the posterior coxae and triangularly projecting between them, edges dentate except at emarginations. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: NERTHRIDAE. 395 Hind legs longest, coxae large, like others; femora somewhat thicker than tibiae, not spined; tibiae longer than femora, with long setae; second tarsal joint nearly twice as long as third, claws not included. Abdomen broad, five visible s¢gments and the prominent male genital segment which is covered with long hairs; segments of Fic. 38. Gelastocoris barberi Bueno, N. S..—(a) dorsal view, (b) lateral view of head; both greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. nearly equal width at connexivum, narrowing medially to allow for the compression by the large genital segment; posterior angles of the segments of the connexivum prominent, each with a margi- nal small tuft of gray hairs; edges with short black spines; abdo- men beneath more or less sparsely long gray-pilose. All legs, except as noted, with long black spines, and transversely striped with broad brown bands on a white or light ground. Sternal surface more or less granulate or tuberculate, except at 396 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. {| Bull. explanation of thorax, which is rugulose. Entire upper surface with a shagreened effect, produced by white tubercles of varying sizes on a parti-colored ground, in which black predominates varied with bronze and blue. - or 6.3mm.; width, 5.1 mm., at corial expansion. See g. 38. Described from one male, from Muncie, IIl., October 16, IQI5, collected by Dr. Philip Garman and now in his collection. Named in compliment to my friend, Mr. H. G. Barber, one of the collaborators in the present work. This species approaches another undescribed Eastern form, frequently found in New Jersey and South, which, however, does not fall in either of the divisions in the preceding key. Family BELOSTOMATIDAE. By J. R. pE LA Torre-BUENo. Some of the individuals of this family are by far the largest of all the Heteroptera. In the Tropics its representatives attain the length of four to five inches, but with us the largest species, Benacus griseus, rarely reaches three inches. All live in water, hiding in vegetation and lying in wait for their prey, which con- sists of other insects, small fish, tadpoles, etc. In fish hatcheries they have been known to cause considerable losses by getting into the troughs and destroying the young fish. The larger forms, Benacus and Lethocerus, are known popularly as “electric-light bugs.” The bright glare of this form of illumination seems to have a great attraction for them, and they are to be found on favorable nights helplessly flapping their wings in vain attempts to rise from the ground, or furiously whirling around the arcs to dash themselves dizzily to earth, there to kick and scramble. The smaller Belostomas have not to my knowledge been recorded under these conditions. Our native species have a striking peculiarity— while in the nymphal stage they have two claws on the anterior tarsi but at the last moult they shed them, to go through adult life with only one. All secrete a poisonous saliva, which is injected into their victims, rapidly narcotizing, and eventually killing them. In proportion to their size they are very strong, as any one can test by letting one grip a twig and then trying to get it away. Key to Genera. r. Anterior femora, suleate Jee ee oe ek ce se 2 Anterior femora notysulcates2-. cose es 2 oe cle cnc Benacus 2. Large species; elongate; tylus not produced or bluntly prominent Lethocerus Small species; oval; tylus triangularly produced ......... Belostoma No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: BELOSTOMATIDAE. 3907 Benacus Stal. There is only one known species of this genus, B. griseus, and the character of the non-sulcate anterior femora is sufficient to separate it from every other American representative of the family. B. griseus (Say). Desc. Het. Hem., p. 30, 1832. (haldemanus Leidy.) Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila. (2) i, 66, 1847. This species is recorded from Canada to Mexico and Cuba. Large specimens are the largest of our native Belostomatids. Little is known of its breeding habits, except that it lays its ellipti- cal striped eggs around the stems of rushes. Its other habits have already been explained. New Haven, 22 May, 1911 (A. B. C.); Meriden, 29 July, 1917 (J. S. Miller). Lethocerus Mayr. (Amorgius Stal. Belostoma Auctt. nec Latreille.) Little more can be said about these species than about Benacus. The eggs are laid in masses under stones, planks or logs in wet places mear their haunts. (See Pl. xix, 6.) The key suffices to separate them. Key to Species. 1. Vertex narrowing anteriorly, sides of body slightly curved ....... 2 Vertex parallel; sides of body nearly straight, subparallel ...... uhleri 2. Vertex wider than the width of one eye; legs comparatively slender; prothorax not very stout; relatively small and slender METS © CHCA SPITIITT Sa] LL 29 ji crchay <2. 8g onda a inroe ats: ap Ore) « SUSiocaye Mtoiabelal eveyone: ons obscurus Vertex subequal to width of one eye; legs comparatively stout and long; prothorax stout; a relatively large and stout insect (50 mm. TOMO TONG Tp) Lt er ese esas, wit siaitovarcde ws’ « see sate laheeaycleiane See americanus L. americanus (Leidy). (PI. xvi, 4.) (Figs. 39, 40.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, 58, 66, 1847. New Haven, 27 Mar., 1909 (P. L. B.); 22 May, 1911 (A. B. C.) ; Lyme, 14 Sept., 19090 (C. H. Davidson); Cromweil, 9 Apr., 1919 (M. P. Z.); Hamden, 7 June, 1919 (K. F. C.); Cornwall, 16 May, 1920 (K. F. C.). L. obscurus (Dufour). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (4) iii, 383, 1863. Torrington (R. Hochstein). L. uhleri (Montandon). Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xl, 513, 18096. It is doubtful if this species occurs in Connecticut, since it seems to range from New Jersey southward. Belostoma Latreille. (Zaitha Amyot and Serville: Perthostoma Leidy.) The species of this genus are all more or less oval and smaller 398 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. in size than those of the other two. The eggs in all are glued by the female on the back of the male which carries them till they hatch. The three Connecticut species are readily separable by the following key. Key to Species. 1: Tylus not greatly produced ....... sil. ns ee ee ee 2 Tylus very prominent; body broad. #240... 4). ee lutarium 2. Exceeding 22mm. in length; body rather elongate; tylus moder- ately MONG: sy scwiees Ce are eee Ce te ae flumineum Less than 22 mm. in length; body comparatively broad; tylus little Produced cussie oe cia erses oe come eet erent terete, =e testaceum Fic. 39. Lethocerus americanus Fic. 40. Lethocerus americanus (Leidy ),—dorsal view, natural size. (Leidy ) —front view. of head, Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. much enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. B. lutarium (Stal). \CPlxaca) Oft. Vet. Akad. Forh. xii, 190, 1855. This species is about the same size as flumineum Say, but very easily told from it by the very prominent tylus and broad form. Nothing appears to be known of its habits. North Guilford, 15 June, 1919 (M. P. Z.). B. flumineum Say. , (( Pl} xvai6)) Het. N. Harm., 38, 1832. (aurantiacum Leidy. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (2) i, 60, 1847.) This is the commonest species of the genus, and by superficial characters other than those in the key, the moderately projecting tylus and proportionally narrower form separate it from lutarwm as already noted, and its larger size from testaceum. This species has the same general habits as the others, but its life history is known in detail. The adults hibernate buried in the No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: BELOSTOMATIDAE. 399 muddy pond bottoms, and in spring emerge to breed as soon as the ice is off the ponds and thé water gets warm. The female by main force glues her eggs to the back of the reluctant and strug- gling male. After ten days or so, the eggs open by a lid and the young emerge. They molt five times and reach the adult stage in thirty-five to forty-two days from hatching. This gives a total period of development of forty-five to fifty-four days, so that three broods are a summer possibility. New Haven, 24 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 17 Sept., 1918 (B. H. W.); 30 Apr., 1919 (M. P. Z.); Hamden, 7 June, 1919, Cornwall, TZ Oct 1oO19) (KF C:): B. testaceum (Leidy). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Ser. 2, i, 60, 1847. (reticulata Haldeman. Stansb. Exped., 370, 1852.) This little species has been taken only eccasionally in New York and New Jersey, but there seems to be no reason why it should not also be found in Connecticut. Its small size and blunt tylus distinguish it from its two larger cousins. The little known about its habits indicates their similarity with those of the other members of the genus. Family NEPIDAE. By J. R. pE LA Torre-BUENO. This is perhaps one of the most curious and interesting families of the Heteroptera. The devices that adapt the species to a sub- aquatic life are among the most unique among insects. Like all waterbugs, they are transmogrified land bugs changed in certain particulars to enable them to cope with another element. So the Nepidae are provided with what looks like two tails, but is, in fact, a respiratory tube split lengthwise, tnrough which air is taken direct from the atmosphere, while the bug stays a safe distance under water. These forms have also three pairs of peculiar open- ings in the abdomen, so-called false spiracles. No one seems to know their object, but it is suspected that they may be used in extracting oxygen direct from the water by osmosis. The anterior legs also are much modified, into scissors-like claws for seizing their victims, since they are predaceous in a high degree. The two American genera may be separated thus: Key to Genera. OCy a Hla tMDTOACC stil ceieis\c so oie dla: stale evaie sietaia8s ele oo beutele Aone ue Nepa BOdvALOUNG linea NATLOW 1). 5 scieerc saiSel sie wlale' eleietoer eee see Ranatra Nepa Linnaeus. This genus has only one known American representative, which the generic key will serve to distinguish. N. apiculata Uhler. (Pl. xvi, 1.) (Fig. 41.) Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. xix, 440, 1878. 400 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. Very little seems to be known about this species, beyond the fact that its favorite haunts are grassy, shallow, slow-moving streams, where it clings to the vegetation; and that at times it is found under stones in shallow places. The eggs, like everything about the family, are notable; they have seven short raylike filaments at the top. They are laid in the soft tissue of plants and only the crown of the filaments projects. Other habits are not known. This has been recorded from Ontario, Canada, south to the District of Columbia and west to Ohio and Illinois. New Haven, 11 Aug., 1908 (B. H. W.). Fic. 41. Nepa apiculata Uhler,—dorsal view, greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. Ranatra Fabricius. This genus is most marked in aspect. Unlike Nepa, it frequents deeper waters and may commonly be secured in ponds, hanging head down from grasses growing up out of the water. Its long, narrow shape gives it the look of a little brown twig, enhanced by the manner in which it stiffens and plays ‘possum when taken from its element. It has a chirp produced by jerking its front legs, which, scraping against the thin wall of the anterior insertion, give forth a shrill sound. All the species are carnivorous. They prey on other insects and are said to feed on fish eggs as well. The three Eastern species may be thus separated : No. 34.]| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: NEPIDAE. AOI Key to Species. OMe MCT OL nV eMOna hm enta tects sc cecilia aa nena Uae Ue AuclUg f 2 Anterior femora with a second tooth-like prominence near the joint ONE GYS 9 BLY C2 Sy eal A aa CoRR RAR mee TSN AAG On ag gi americana 2. Anterior femora narrow, elongate; legs thin, elongate ...... protensa mnitenior remora wide, short; legs stout, short 2.02 kirkaldyi R. americana Montandon (quadridentata Uhler. Heidemann, Bueno et Auctt. Am., nec Stal). (Fig. 42.) Bull. Soc. Sci. Buc., xix, 65, 1910. /__ Anterior Femur Yon aoe | aa Wb igeal: WM fT a ee) SEL =<, >> Fic. 42. Ranatra americana Montandon,—(a) ventral view of body, (b) dorsal view, natural size. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. This is the largest and most common Eastern representative of the genus. It is found in all collections and may be taken in any suitable pond. It hibernates as an adult, buried in the mud of the pond-bottom, or hiding under some overhanging bank or perhaps frozen in the ice. In the spring, sometimes as early as March, it deposits its eggs, sinking them into the soft tissue of decaying stems of rushes or in some water-soaked and softened piece of wood, with the two filaments sticking out. When they are thick, the outstanding filaments look like a white fuzz on the surface. Ordinarily, however, they are laid in a straight line. They hatch 402 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Buil. out in about thirty days and after moulting five times, reach the adult stage in about forty-six days, or say seventy-five days for all the transformation. There seems to be only one brood in a summer, however, as the eggs are deposited some time in May, and the females continue ovipositing into June. It is commonly distributed all over the United States except the extreme West and South. West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Ansonia, Aug., 1915 CEA WWVe) R. protensa Montandon. (fusca Bueno.) Bull. Soc. Sci. Buc., xviii, 185, 1910. This is a somewhat rare species in the East, but it has been taken in New York and should doubtless occur in Connecticut. Beyond the differential character mentioned in the key, it may be stated that in general it is more slender in build than americana, with shorter legs, breathing tube, etc. No details of habits or life history of this species are known. R. kirkaldyi Bueno. Can. Ent., xxvii, 187, 1905. This small species is readily separable from the other two larger species, in addition to the characters of the key, by the much con- stricted prothorax and much smaller size. Nothing is known of its life history. It should be remembered that in this genus the female is both larger and stouter than the male, with larger eyes and a sharp ovipositor. Before this was known, species had been founded on this difference in size of the eyes. This well-marked little species was first discovered in Putnam County, New York, and has subsequently been found in New letsey. Family NAUCORIDAE. By J. R. pE LA TorreE-BUENO. This family, so important and extensive in the Old World and so numerous in individuals and species in tropical America, is represented in the Atlantic States by only one genus. The group is nearly related to the Belostomatids; in fact certain Oriental representatives of both are very near in general aspect, and are separable largely by technical characters. Pelocoris Stal. This genus has only one species. P. femoratus Palisot de Beauvois. (Pl. xvi, 3.) (Fig. 43.) Ins. Rec. Afr. Am., 237; pl. 20 f471805: This is at times abundant in ponds with fine vegetation grow- ing from the bottom, among which it hides, lying in wait for No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: NAUCORIDAE. 403 Fic. 43. Pelocoris femoratus Palisot de Beauvois,—(a) dorsal view, (b) front view of head, (c) lateral view of head; all greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. the victims of its voracity. Here, too, it breeds and fastens its glistening white ova on the stems or leaves of Myrtophyllum and other fine-leaved aquatic plants. In from twenty-two to twenty- seven days the little bug hatches from this egg and after moulting five times in eighty-seven days, he 1s full grown and equipped for the serious business of life. Although, owing to oviposition being continuous, nymphs in several stages may be taken together, there is no positive evidence that there is more than one, or at most two broods in the course of a summer.’ The species is reported to range from Canada to South America. As most of the descrip- A04 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. tions are for color characters, it is possible there are several species confounded. Cheshire, 6 May, 1911 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 5 Sept., 1916 CM. 2. 7Z.): Family NOTONECTIDAE. By J. R. pE LA Torre-BUENO. These are the well-known back-swimmers, also called sometimes boat-flies. All are aquatic and some species or other is sure to be found in ponds or backwaters of slow streams, in the vegetation close to the shore. Their chief peculiarity is that they swim upside down, or upon their backs, mostly at or near the surface of the water. The third pair of feet is thickly fringed with long hair and used in swimming, except in Plea. All are carnivorous, feed- ing on other insects, on young fish and on Entomostraca. They are reported to be very troublesome in fish hatchery tanks. The life history of three of our American forms is known. The several groups of the family may be thus separated: Key to Subfamilies. Hind tibiae and tarsi ciliated, abdomen keeled, hairy, eyes very large, Conspicuous... ~. 22124 eas sees: = - NOTONECTINAE, p. 404 Hind tibiae and tarsi apparently not ciliated, abdomen neither keeled. nor ‘hain, eyes sila gies Soe eee PLEINAE, p. 407 Subfamily NoTONECTINAE. The subfamily Notonectinae is the most important, as it contains by far the greatest number of species and most of the genera. Of the latter there are only two in the Eastern United States, Notonecta and Buenoa, which may be distinguished thus: Key to Genera. Hemelytra pilose, hind tarsi without claws, last antennal joint much shorter than preceding joint .......-...-..---.---- Notonecta, p. 404 Hemelytra glabrous, hyaline, hind tarsi clawed, last segment of antennae much longer than preceding joint .......... Buenoa, p. 407 Neotonecta Linnaeus. Key to Species. 1. Pure white, entirely black, or black and white .............-..-.-- 2 Colored species, more or less marked with black ...............- 2. Distance between eyes at front, not more than three times their distance at vertex; pronotum about twice as wide as long ...... 3 Distance between eyes at front, six times their distance at vertex; pronotum one and one-half times as wide as long, size 8-9 mm. raleighi 3. Distance between eyes at front about twice their distance at vertex ; subrobust, size 10-13:mm/ 26.5 s eee eee eel <= > 5 SA em ar eer australis V. australis Bueno. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xi, 54, 1916. V. stagnalis Burmeister. Handbuch d’Ent., i1, 212, 1835. Rhagovelia Mayr. Rhagovelia, next to Rheumatobates, is perhaps the most interest- ing genus of the waterstriders in regard to very special adaptation to a peculiar habitat. In nature, | know two species, our own North American Rhagovelia obesa, anda Rhagovelia from Mexico, both of which are found only in running streams. The unique cleft intermediate tarsus and the swimming plume arising there- from are peculiarly suited to the insect’s constant striving against strong currents. The species of this genus are dimorphic, but in our latitude the fully winged forms are rarely seen. Little is known as to their breeding habits or other phases of life. The * A. Griffini, Gli Insetti Acquaioli. 1894. + C. Wesenberg-Lund, Fortpflanzungsverhaltnisse: Paarung und Eiablage der Susswasserinsekten. Forts Nat. Forsch. Halle vii, 196, 6. 14 418 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. forms occurring in the United States are easily separated, aside from the difference in habitat, as follows: Key to Species. 1. Second and third joints of middle tarsi equal; female with knobbed posterior pronotal process; posterior femora incrassate in male Only oe oe eee Pitan a1 Sour my ene OED 560 - oriander Second and third joints of middle tarsi unequal; female without pronotal process; posterior femora equally thick in both sexes .. 2 2. Third joint of posterior tarsi longer than second; hind femora incrassate and spinose in both sexes; very dark in color with a more cr less aeneous lustre .....4...5-%..-..20 0008 eee obesa Second joint of posterior tarsi longer than third; hind femora scarcely incrassate in both sexes, not spinose; lead gray in color (subgenus Trochopus Carpenter) “Tv... sem... 20- ses see plumbea R. obesa Uhler. Proc. Bost: Soc. Nat. Hist.,:xiv; 107, 1871. This species, according to Uhler in the Standard Natural History, is found throughout the Atlantic States in the rapid parts of streams. In such places, the individuals congregate in schools, swimming powerfully in zigzags against the current, or at times sheltered behind some projecting rock, placidly paddling in the eddies that swirl about it. The peculiar tarsal plume in this species and its. striking function are described in detail in the Canadian Entomologist.* This is a difficult form to confine in an aquarium as it immediately takes to diving and finally perishes. Rhagovelia obesa is sometimes found winged about New York, but so rarely that twenty years of collecting have yielded only seven specimens. So far, it has been recorded from the Atlantic States north of Georgia. It is perhaps the most widespread species of the genus and it has been suspected that some of Champion’s Central Ameri- can species may be but unrecognized variants of it. Central America seems to be the metropolis of the genus, since most of the known species occur there. R. oriander Parshley. So. Dak: State ‘Coll. Technical Bull! No.2, 10; ff:-2, 190) 7922) This species, although described from South Dakota, is inserted here because our knowledge of these forms is so incomplete that it or another species may be found in Connecticut. / R. (Trochopus) plumbea Uhler. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 217, i894. This species is a denizen of estuaries and bays and other brackish and salt waters on our coasts. There is only one other species of the genus with a like habitat, Fe. salina Champ., which is found on the Central American coast. Nothing further seems to be known of its habits, but perhaps some Floridian traveler * On Rhagovelia obesa Uhler, Vol. xxxix, 61, 64, 1907. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: VELIIDAE. 419 may some day make a very fascinating study of its life history. Its leaden hue alone is enough to distinguish it from its near relatives, aside from the differences noted in the key, its long, slim legs, its short body, and the other characters indicated by its authors. Microvelia Westwood. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., iii, 647, 1834. Hydroéssa Burmeister, Handbuch, ii, 213, 1835. Veliomorpha Carlini, Ann. Mus. Genova, xxxv, 120, 1895. This genus contains not only the smallest of the water-striders, but also of all the water-dwellers among the Hemiptera except Helotrephes in the Notonectidae. It is probably the most abun- dant as to numbers and species, and the most widely distributed, since it is known from all the continents and nearly all the islands, and occurs in every zoological region. Be it pond, lake or stream, it is always possible to secure these tiny beings, hiding among the grasses or walking about the banks or stalking their game on the green fields of duck-weed floating on some placid pool. This genus also is dimorphic and some of its species polymorphic, and here again the winged and wingless forms are so notably different that they have frequently been taken for distinct species. The thoracic structures of the apterous forms also affords excellent differentiating characters. However, in the antennae we have such excellent characters that it is always possible to bring together both forms of any one species and to differentiate them from other species, even though closely related. This antennal character is largely employed in the following key since it is easily applicable to both the winged and wingless forms: Key to Species. 1. Antennae longer than head and thorax taken together; posterior ACMOULAISit It DOL SEKES ois 2 e'sls siole a oisie oe hops oituanelatel ue Miao Antennae equal to or shorter than head and thorax taken together 2 2. Antennae shorter than head and thorax taken together; posterior tibiae curved in male; female orbiculate, male elongate ..... borealis Antennae equal to head and thorax taken together; posterior tibiae straight in both sexes; sexes similar in form............. hinei 3.) Hirst and third antennal joints subequal in length ..25......20).0. 4 First antennal joint shorter than third, fourth subequal to second and third taken together. Hemelytra much marked with white; aptenouserorm Slabrous, slender’... io.)/40.... 0 sae oee albonotata 4. Fourth antennal joint much shorter than two and three taken HOFERELE GSS Dye an ot Ae a eer PRET Te Le ae NS BL oy Fourth antennal joint slightly longer than second and third taken COP CLINE Luan aye to he cies, ses ces acl, clave elope ecco tia ledaral Cole een Uneaten buenoi 5. Apterous form with dorsal patches of silvery white pile; hem- elytra in winged form unicolorous; a moderately large, stout HOLETNG Eerste Ne re hare SETS. Salado calecet she AUN SKA) RIA Ana TED TEMG AR americana Apterous form with dorsal patches of blue-gray pile; winged form unknown), rather small, fusiform Species eee se wena fontinalis 420 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. M. americana (Uhler). Stand. Nat. Hist. ii, 274, 1884. (As Hebrus.) This species may be further separated from its relatives as fol- lows: Fourth antennal joint is longer than third, first is longer than second, the second being the shortest; third is the thinnest, the others being of nearly equal diameter and the first is slightly curved. The hind femora extend slightly beyond the apex of the abdomen: the hind tibiae are straight in both sexes, and the hind tarsi two-jointed. Its life history and habits have been described.* Briefly, the bug overwinters in the adult stage, and early in spring emerges from its hibernaculum and proceeds to breed. The eggs are laid in a transparent glue and hatch out in about ten days, varying according to temperature. After five molts, it reaches the adult stage in some six weeks. As it begins to breed about April, it may have as many as four or five broods before the end of October. The adults and nymphs in all stages are frequently found in company. It seems to prefer the sloping banks of slug- gish streams or ponds, or to perch on partly submerged sticks or on the sides of springs or water-holes in the outgrowing mosses. It is preeminently predaceous and will attack in force any insects struggling in the water. This species is widely distributed throughout the United States ranging over all the Eastern States and certainly south to Florida, west to the Mississippi, and has been reported from Colorado and Texas. Cheshire, 6 May, Hamden, 25 May, to11 (B. H. W.). M. fontinalis Bueno. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xi, 58, 1916. Only the wingless forms of this species is known. It is taken in numbers in a spring in a marshy woodland, where it clings to the long mosses growing into the water or walks about in leisurely style a short distance from the rocky sides of the basin. The blue- gray patches of pubescence on the dorsum are distinguishing characteristics. The characters given in the table will serve to dis- tinguish it from americana, for small specimens of which it may be mistaken. In antennal structure it is near albonotata. M. albonotata Champion. (capitata Bueno. ) Biol. Cent. Am., Heterop., ii, 129, pl. 8f, 17, 1808. This species was described from a single winged male from Guatemala, Central America. It was subsequently recorded from Riverton, N. J., by Mr: E. P. Van Duzee and later *secuned#ar Westfield, N. J., by the writer. The specimens from the United States agree with a Mexican specimen in Kirkaldy’s collection and with the type in the British Museum. In this species, as in the other, the most obvious character is in the long thin antennae, which are exceedingly characteristic. It cannot be mistaken for * Canadian Entomologist, xlii, 176, 186, 1910. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: VELIIDAE. 421 any of the other species, as it is the largest of our Eastern forms, except americana, from which its slim body, long thin antennae and white-spangled hemelytra at once distinguish it. The apterous form is more glabrous and much less velvety in appearance than the winged forms. In addition to the original locality, and from the other states already mentioned, it is known from Georgia, where it was taken by Dr. J. C. Bradley. This species has not been recorded from Connecticut. M. borealis Bueno. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xi, 59, 1916. This is the species that has appeared in the writer’s papers as pulchella Westwood, from which it may be separated, aside from other characters, by having the first antennal joint longer than the second. It is also smaller, and pulchella, so far as is known to me, is only Antillean in distribution. This tiny bug is perhaps the most abundant of our native Microvelias, and it may always be found in large colonies on the matted Lemna or duckweed on still ponds. It is just as predaceous as its larger congeners and is most frequently found in the wingless form, although the fully winged is not rare. It begins to breed in the spring and lays its tiny eggs on the underside of the duckweed leaves with the head end toward the edge of the leaf, in the usual gelatine. The nymphs emerge in eight to thirteen days, and after four molts reach the adult stage in about sixteen days minimum, twenty-four days from the egg to the adult, which would allow for eight generations in the course of the summer. As one female may lay several batches of eggs, her progeny may be found in various instars at the same time. Attention is directed to the unusual number of molts, as the general rule in all Heteroptera is five, which in the known instances of deviation has been exceeded, but not Jessened. No Connecticut records are available. M. buenoi Drake. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xv, 19, 1920. No Connecticut records are at hand for this species, newly described from northern New York. M. hinei Drake. Ohio Jour. Sci., xx, 207, 1920. This minute species, described originally from Ohio, was later found by Prof. H. M. Parshley in Northampton, Mass., and by myself in great abundance in White Plains, N. Y. It is so tiny a species it can easily be mistaken for a nymph of borealis, particu- larly since the two species are commonly found in company in secluded coves and shallow waters. 422 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Family MIRIDAE (CAPSIDAE),* By Harry Hazetton Knicut, Pu.D. The family Miridae, or Capsidae of older authors, is distin- guished by having four-segmented antennae, four-segmented ros- trum of which the first segment is as long or longer than the head, by absence of ocelli, tarsi three-segmented, wing membrane with only two cells or areoles, one longitudinal vein (anal vein), and by having a well developed cuneus in the wing (Fig. 47). The four-segmented antennae are usually slender, nearly linear or segment ii only slightly thickened apically, but more rarely strongly incrassated ; segments 111 and iv usually slender but in some forms distinctly thickened. The hemelytra are typically separated into clavus, corium, cuneus, and membrane, the embolium usually not clearly separated from corium; veins of membrane forming two cells, a smaller and a larger areole. The arolia, or pulvillae-like structures between the tarsal claws, in their modifications furnish the most reliable characters for separating the subfamilies. In general, the species of Miridae are small to medium in size, usually rather fragile, broader than high and longer than broad; as viewed from above ovate to oblong, but at times very slender. | Usually the male is more slender than the female. The body is variously clothed with fine hairs or pubescence, sometimes modified to form sericeous, or scale-like, deciduous pubescence; frequently the dorsum practically glabrous and strongly shining. The numerous species exhibit the greatest variety of color patterns, ranging from the most obscure to forms which are vivid red. Color varieties within the species are frequent, and the two sexes are more often differently colored, the male usually darker than the female. Brachypterous and apterous forms occur throughout the family, and individuals of a single species may exhibit variation in this respect.. Usually the male is macropterous even when the female is apterous, but the male may in rare cases also be apterous. Mimetic forms are rather numerous among the Miridae, especially those species described in genera closely related to Pilophorus. Perhaps a majority of the species of Miridae are plant feeders, but a large number are now known to be chiefly predaceous. The predaceous habit is.only partially developed in certain species, and thus animal blood serves merely to supplement the sap obtained from particular food plants. Probably the greater number of species are limited to a single host plant, or to a genus of plants, while a very few, such as Lygus pratensis Linnaeus and Halticus citrs Ashmead, have a wide range of food plants. Forms which. are chiefly predaceous are more frequently found on miscellaneous * Contribution from the Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota. No. 34.4 HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE., 423 os] Ip re mesosculum collum _sculellum carina, J ; ““genilal segments eo ay 7 rf ot wu U i ( DAS C\ CIs, ~svagina exterior (ein Irorhanlers ib ° \ Os/io aor erilreme roshey Hi Oracic spiracle TF disk pronol um mesosculum y : - ; y eft genital clasper _.-embolium __claval suture __claval vein | |. -.commissure of hemelylra embolar margin fI__.radius teoeial vein __anal ridge J. fracture _-anal vein I brachium’ wv, or cubilus, Yor é ‘small areole ie yqus vanduzeet [il ustraling Structural Terms H. H.Knight del . te “Anig \\ \ S if 7 Glaws” Ele _ Fig 47. Lygus vanduzeei Knight,—illustrating the structural terms used in the classification of the Miridae. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. 424 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. plants. Even among species which always breed on a single host plant, a general dispersal of individuals usually takes place. Fol- lowing the time of emergence and mating, individuals of Trops- dosteptes cardinalis Uhler, Lopidea staphyleae Knight, and others, have been observed to migrate from their host plant to shrubbery in the general vicinity; from thence they doubtless become dis- persed over wider territory and to new plants, although in the normal course of their life, eventually returning to suitable growth of the preferred host plant for the purpose of oviposition. As regards the number of species, the Miridae by far outnumber all other families of Heteroptera. In the Palearctic region, where the total number of Heteroptera is best known,* one thousand S S & » NW) S Ney & CF Se Oe we SOR ey Si aS SOU vc Ss S OO SI IC) ~AS Sia S S20 Ss RBS 5 eal Y ce & Fic. 48. A phylogenetic tree of the subfamilies of the Miridae. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. seventy-eight species are listed for the family Miridae while all other families of Heteroptera combined total but 2,486 species. The Oshanin Katalog enumerates 5,476 species of Heteroptera and Homoptera for the Palearctic region, from which it may be seen that the family Miridae forms nearly one-fifth of all the species of Hemiptera listed. This is perhaps a fair indication of what may be expected for the relative number of species of Miridae in North America, after our fauna has been more systematically collected and worked. After considerable study of the arolia and genital structures in * Katalog der palaarktischen Hemipteren (Heteroptera, Homoptera- Auchenorhyncha und Psalloidae). 1912. IN@aeatal HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 425 the family Miridae, the writer has arrived at certain conclusions regarding the relationships of the subfamilies. Perhaps the most significant change is in the elevation of the subfamily Orthotylinae, from next to the lowest subfamily where Reuter placed it, to a place near the top of the series, or near to the Capsinae and Mirinae. When guided by the form of the arolia and the genital structures, we are dealing with the most fundamental characters yet proposed for classification of the subfamilies. On the basis of these structures, it may readily be seen from the figures accom- panying this paper, that the subfamily Orthotylinae is more closely related to the Capsinae than any other subfamily. Reuter placed the Orthotylinae next to the Phylinae because of general similarity, chiefly on absence of pronotal collar, rather than relying on the form of the arolia. The present writer not only finds a close relationship between the erect, diverging and converging arolia (Fig. 49), but also in the highly developed and_ specialized character of the genitalia. J. Sahlberg (1920) and Bergroth (1922) find reason to recog- nize in the Mirinae of Reuter, two subfamilies, the Capsinae and Mirinae. Although both groups have erect arolia, divergent on the apical half, there are still very good characters for recognizing two subfamilies. Certainly the Mirinae are more primitive than the Capsinae. In addition to the characters given in the subfamily key, the Mirinae may be judged more primitive as indicated by: (1) more generalized and little modified type of genitalia; (2) few genera and each with comparatively few species, but several of these are of world-wide distribution; (3) all the species breed on grasses or related lower plants. The Capsinae, on the other hand, are more specialized and stand higher for the following reasons: (1) possess highly specialized genitalia; (2) numerous genera and species but having limited distribution; (3) the numer- ous species breed on a great variety of the higher plants, or plants of comparatively recent origin, also many species have developed predaceous habits. The phylogeny of the Mirid subfamilies does not present a linear series of development, but more of a progression upward in several directions, and this perhaps may best be represented by a genealogical tree. A subfamily tree is appended (fig. 48) which will express more clearly the relationships within the family, based on the following characters which are listed in the order of their relative importance: (1) arolia; (2) genital structures; (3) biology; (4) modifications of the thorax. Key to subfamilies of Muridae. (Figure numbers refer only to Figure 49.) 1. Arolia present, erect and prominent (fig. 49: 33-60) ; or pseud- arolia very prominent, usually with bristle-like arolia also present GH AO MUS 2OM22— 2A) yi MeN nel eels) ol alee) AN OePeisuskeltatle aalialebal ater eyes ule 426 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 69 - Fic. 49. Tarsal claws and arolia of Miridae. Greatly enlarged. PHYLINAE, tribe Puyxini, Nos. 1-12.—(1) Chlamydatus associatus Uhler. (2) Reuteroscopus ornatus Reuter. (3) Lepidopsallus rubidus Uhler. (4) Microsynamma bohemanni Fallen. (5) Rhinocapsus vanduzett Uhler. (6) Criocoris saliens Reuter. (7) Psallus ancorifer Fieber. (8) Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight. (9) Campylomma verbasci Meyer. (10) Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler. (11) Plagiognathus annulatus Uhler. (12) Microphylellus modestus Reuter. PHYLINAE, tribe ONcCOTYLINI, Nos. 13-14—(13) Lopus No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 427 Arolia absent, or present but bristle-like in form (fig. 49: 25-32), sometimes difficult to distinguish from hairs on tarsus; pseud- arolia absent, or present but small in size (fig. 49: I-12) ....... 2 2. Prothorax simple, destitute of an apical stricture, sometimes with a flattened apical area suggesting a collar but not separated off by a distinct incised line; male genitalia distinctive, the tip of the penis twisting to the left, lying closely within the bend of left clasper, extending downward and beyond it to the left side ..... PHYLINAE, p. 428 Prothorax provided with an apical stricture, sometimes fine and shallow, when apparent only at the sides an impressed line extends back to rear of calli; male genitalia not as the above ........! 3 3. Claws thick, either sharply bent (fig. 49: 21), or broadly curved (fig. 49: 27), or more sharply curved and cleft near base (fig. ING) 5, PASE). NG SAS kl eT NR TAR ANA) 4 Claws simple and slender, rarely widely spread (fig. 49: 25-26); tibiae weakly spinose, long and tapering apically or else greatly shortened; in the latter case segment i of the tarsi is unusually long, the head transverse and eyes strongly protruding ......... CYLAPINAE, p. 479 A weronotum) with annulitorm apical stricture ... 0.00.00 0002 e000. 5 Pronotum with an apical gibbosely convex area; stricture apparent only at the sides from which an impressed line extends to rear OLMCMEMGAIIAT iM ics selon ole: 5 UPS Cr caer eee a A CLIVINEMINAE, p. 480 Hemelytra hyaline, glassy, ovate, with a sharply defined inverted yeshapedmied) or tuscous mark (Aliyaliodes i i. oo ee aN DIcyPHINAE (pars) p. 476 Hemelytra not hyaline or glassy; claws usually cleft near base, on arolia bristle-like but pseudarolia absent ..... DERAEOCORINAE, p. 481 6. (1) Pseudarolia very prominent, obscure bristle-like arolia also puesentioctween claws at base (fig. 40; 13-20,'22-24)) ecu. 7 decolor Fallen. (14) Macrotylus sexguttatus Provancher. PHYLINAE, tribe HawiopapPini, Nos. 15-17. (15) Teleorhinus davist Knight. (16) Orecto- derus obliquus Uhler. (17) Coquillettia mimetica Osborn. DiIcyPHINAE, Nos. 18-21. (18) Macrolophus separatus Uhler. (19) Dicyphus agilis Uhler. (20) Dicyphus discrepans Knight. (20a) Dicyphus famelicus Uhler. (21) Hyaliodes vitripennis Say. BryocortnakE, Nos. 22-24. (22) Monalocoris filtcis Linnaeus. (23) Pycnoderes dilatatus Reuter. (24) Sixeonotus insignis Reuter. CyLAPINAE, Nos. 25-26. (25) Cylapus tenui- cornis Say. (26) Fulvius brunneus Provancher. CLIvINEMINAE, No. 27. (27) Largidea davist Knight,—claws and hind tarsus. DERAEOCORINAE, Nos. 28-32. (28) Deraeocoris pinicola Knight. (29) Deraeocorts nebulosus Uhler. (30) Deraeocoris ruber Linnaeus. (31) Eurychtlopterella luridula Reuter. (32) Eustictus venatorius Van Duzee. ORTHOTYLINAE, Nos. 33-54. (33) Labops hirtus Knight. (34) Semium hirtwm Reuter. (35) Partheni- cus vaccint Van Duzee. (36) Halticus citrt Ashmead. (37) Halticus intermedius Uhler. (38) Strongylocoris stygicus Say. (39) Orthocephalus mutabilis Fallen. (40) Sericophanes heidemanm Poppius. (41) Alepidia gracilis Uhler. (42) Pilophorus amoenus Uhler. (43) Pseudoxenetus scutel- latus Uhler. (44) Ceratocapsus modestus Uhler. (45) Lopidea robiniae Uhler. (46) Hadronema militaris Uhler. (47) Ilnacora malina Uhler. (48) Orthotylus flavosparsus Sahlberg. (49) Orthotylus catulus Van Duzee. (50) Orthotylus dorsalis Provancher. (51) Heterocordylus malinus Reuter. (52) Mecomma gilvipes Stal. (53) Reuteria irrorata Say. (54) Diaph- nidia pellucida Ubler. Mtrinar, Nos. 55-56. (55) Putthanus maerkela Herrich-Schaeffer. (56) Stenodema trispimosum Reuter. Capstnas, Nos. 57-60. (57) Barberiella apicalis Knight. (58) Platytylellus insitivus Say. (59) Phytocoris lasiomerus Reuter. (60) Lygus vanduzeei Knight. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. 428 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Arolia prominent, always arising approximate at base between the claws (fig. 49: 33-60), never connate with them but sometimes minute pseudarolia are also apparent on the inner curve of the claw (fig. 49: 45-47, 58-60); free, more or less linear, converging or diverging at. the-apices: 2.4 a2 ee ee eee 9 7. Ultimate tarsal segment incrassate (fig. 49: 22), always thicker than the preceding; pseudarolia broadly involving the claws (fig. 49: 22-24); tibiae destitute of spines; lora confluent with SCNAEG = 2025 ee Teese ee en ee BRYOCORINAE, p. 478 Ultimate tarsal segment linear; pseudarolia not as the above; lora usually distinctly separated from the genae ........:.J.useeeee: 8 8. Prothorax simple, without annuliform apical stricture, certain forms with a somewhat flattened apical collar but in such case the abdomen is constricted at base and the claws curved only at extreme tips (fig. 49: I5-17); male genitalia distinctive, the tip of penis twisting to the left, lying closely within bend of left clasper, extending downward and beyond it to the left side ..... PHYLINAE, p. 428 Prothorax with annuliform apical stricture, sometimes obsolete above in the middle but forming a distinct collar; claws usually sharply bent (fig. 49: 18-20); male genitalia -not as the above DICYPHINAE, p. 476 9. (6) Arolia diverging at their apices (fig. 49: 55-60) ............ 10 Arolia, converging at their apices'-(fig..40: 33-54) ~.....: seme ORTHOTYLINAE, p. 497 10. Prothorax without ring-like apical constriction, often with sulcus impressed near front margin of calli but never extending over the sides; lateral margins of disk usually carinate to anterior angles; first tarsal segment much longer than segment ii and equal in thickness; tarsal segments scarcely overlapping at joints and thus very dexible \(straw-sclpibers) ieee tals o oct os octeeee MiIrRINAE, Pp. 545 Prothorax with a ring-like apical constriction which extends over the sides and beneath, sometimes obsolete on median line above, and more rarely it may be entirely absent but in such case the abdomen is constricted at base; lateral margins of disk fre- quently carinate but never extending forward upon collar ; first tarsal segment short, rarely longer than segment 11 except in the Resthenini, but when longer, the pronotal collar very distinct and segment i much thicker than segment 11; tarsal segments with tips overlapping at joints and thus practically inflexible (leaf- walkers \oitsiiav i. sees Cee ee eee pereel- 5 = -T- CAPSINAE, p. 550 Subfamily PHYLINAE. Key to Tribes. 1. Pronotum without flattened apical collar; abdomen not constricted Prosternal xyphus depressed on its disk, its margins more or less elevated; pseudarolia connate for the full length and frequently projecting beyond tips of the claws (fig. 49: 13), or attached only at the basal angles and extending free and parallel with them to the tips: (fig, 40° 14) meee arene i (p. 473) Oncotylini No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 429 Tribe PHYLINI. Key to Genera. 1. Pubescence normal, composed of a single type of fine, chiefly erect pubescent hairs, Sometimes nearly glabrous 2. aes eee 2 Pubescence composed of closely appressed, tomentose or scale-like deciduous hairs, and usually interspersed with more erect pubes- GEE LOVE tare Oe oe ONO ne GSMA Nn isla nO lull 7. 2. Head more or less produced, facial angle (when viewed from the side, the angle formed by the contour line of the tylus and lower margin of the buccula) less than a right angle; length of antennal Seginentuioreaterthan width, of head’. se ene ee 4 Head not or scarcely produced, facial angle forming a right angle or practically so; length of antennal segment ii not or scarcely SxCCCUIM IMAG OL MEAG (28a). sista. os, vase Se ine uieic DTM ek eee ee 3 3. Pseudarolia minute, not extending beyond middle of claw (fig. 49: 9); small, pale to yellowish species, the legs spotted ..... (p. 430) Campylomma Pseudarolia involving the claws to the apices or nearly so (fig. 49: 1); small black species but with legs more or less pale .. (p. 430) Chlamydatus 4. Vertex with an impression each side near margin of eye; hind tarsi with second and third tarsal segments subequal .......... (p. 460) Microsynamma Vertex without impression at each side; hind tarsi with third sesmentysiigitly- shorter, than the second! 5 ol. .2ciccs cae 0 ce eto levs 5 5. Tibiae pale, spines dark but without black spot at base ........... 6 - Tibiae chiefly pale, spines with black spot at base, or if not, then the dorsum and tibial spines also pale....+. (p. 431) Plagiognathus 6. Antennal segment 11 incrassated, at least equal in thickness to seg- ment 1; color chiefiy reddish but hemelytra and venter darkened NATUR SC OL Sinemet Mls Fe, Sco, ode trajlane’ case allelaenai's (p. 459) Rhinocapsus Antennal segment ii more slender, never attaining the thickness of segment i; body chiefly blackish but sometimes with pale .... (p. 454) Microphylellus 7. (1) Antennal segment ii strongly incrassated, the female of Criocoris excepted, but in that case black in color and the head Siagplyaproduced beyond the eyes’.0...4 2200. e Sa ee 8 Antennal segment ii slender in both sexes, never exceeding thick- TESSHOMMSESITICMENT (ion ci! aielaueteis ce oreicee a kde chasers Mino cere nat ne ree at 8. Head sharply produced beyond the eyes; segment i1 strongly incrassated in the male, slender in the female ....(p. 460) Criocoris Head not or scarcely produced, inclined or subvertical in position; segment ii incrassated in both sexes ......... (p. 461) Atractotomus 9. Pseudarolia attached only at base of claw, tips free and extending to middle of claw (fig. 49: 2); greenish yellow species with HUSCOMSPOME MEME VIA he ers six cia le mime e iii (p. 462) Reuteroscopus Pseudarolia minute, connate and not extending free for a space Steater thanvthe base. Of, attachment 0 ii00/s ee siete ny wed estaner 10 10. Antennae short, length of segment 11 not equal to width of head; short ovate forms, clothed with closely appressed scale-like hairs but interspersed with erect pubescent hairs; tibiae black, strongly SPIMOSCM Me te htc Siew Rielle e (p. 470) Lepidopsallus n. gen. Antennae longer, length of segment ii equal to or greater than width of head; pubescence variable but always composed of two types of hairs; tibiae sometimes dark but more frequently pale And spotted uwathudarken.) soci \ suit yseecee eee ae (p. 462) Psallus 430 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Campylomma Reuter. C. verbasci (Meyer). Capsus verbasct Meyer, Verz. Schw. Rhyn.. 70, pl. 4, fig. 1, 1843. Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., i, 53, pl. 3, fig. 6, 1878. Length male 2.5 mm., width 1.1mm.; female length 2.9 mm., width 1.3mm. Pale testaceous to yellowish, mesoscutum and base of scutellum becoming fulvous, disk of cuneus pale fuscous; tylus, apical half of antennal segment 1 and slender base of ii, large spots on femora and tibiae, black; body beneath dark fusco-brownish ; clothed with simple, dusky to blackish pubescence; membrane uniformly pale fumate. Breeds on mullein (Verbascum sps.); occasionally breeds on apple; sometimes ts attracted to colonies of aphids where it feeds on honey dew. Branford, 28 July, 19005 (H. W. W.); Hamden, 14 June, 1911 (W. E. B.); New Haven, 21 June, 1909 (B. H. W.); Westville, 6 Aug., 1905 (W. E. B.); North Haven, 3 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.). Chlamydatus Curtis. C. associatus (Uhler). Hayden’s Surv. Terr., Rept. for 1871, p. 419, 1872. Length 2.5mm., width 1mm.; black; front and middle legs, hind tibiae, and first two segments of all the tarsi, yellowish; antennal segments 111 and iv pale fuscous. Food plant: Rag weed (Ambrosia). Cornwall, 10 Aug., 1919 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 28 Aug., 1910, 12 Sept., 1904 (B. H. W.). C. suavis (Reuter). Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, 92, 1876. Length 2.28 mm., width .97 mm.; slightly smaller than assocta- tus, entirely black except the tibiae which are pale yellow. Food plant: Rag weed (Ambrosia). New Jersey. Staten Island, N. Y. C. pulicarius (Fallen). Lygaeus pulicarius Fallen, Mon. Cim. Suec., 95, 1807. Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., i, 60, pl. 3, fig. 8, 1878. Male: Length 2.8 mm., width 1.69 mm.; ovate, embolar margin distinctly arcuate; membrane short, its area not exceeding size of cuneus; black, apical half of femora more or less, tibiae, and tarsi, pale; antennae pale, segment 11 except apex, and base of segment 1, black; tibial spines black, a fuscous spot at base of each; clothed with fine yellowish to dusky, adpressed pubescent hairs. Female: Length 2.9 mm., width 1.61 mm.; very similar to the male but more robust, the legs and antennae usually more broadly _ pale. Breeds on Plantago. New York. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 431 10. Jute 12. Plagiognathus Fieber. Key to Species. Tibial spines dark and with black spot at base of each, sometimes ODsOletet apically s.3 0 set A et so AA eae eC Z Tibial spines pale, without black spots at base; general color pale, with two black lines on antennal segment i and a slender black line on segment 1i, also the dorsal and the ventral margins of femora with a black line forming apically (p. 443) nigrolineatus n. sp. Antennal segment ii dark fuscous to black, sometimes slightly paler i atmiddle butialways more black than pale). .2) 0259904 3 Antennal segment 11 chiefly pale, blackish only at base ........... 20 Cuneus with blackish, entirely black or blackish only at apex, never IMM OGOW Ihe cies ete: ole Coslacetat cba f Onto nl dee. Oo ME erie 4 Cuneus pale, or uniformly fulvous to dark brown, sometimes dusky Jee peat Meversdistinctly, black: wav2, Py) a ee 15 Guneusmmonevor less: palevatiDase ese ee) he ee 5 Cuneus uniformly black like the corium, rarely somewhat pale at PME AG CICK nis. eos eM uet Sis ore a dais ella ahs Signe Wh lier aan Oe ule Oana a 10 Scucclumeuunimotmly: Wolacke 220.4). cai clan lle Wits caus eee 8 Scutellum with pale, sometimes pale only on apex or along lateral CENTERS) AS icy Aiea ee eae a ne RUM AM FeN ANCE AUST Yi 6 Scutellum pale along median line, sometimes pale only at apex, or broadly pale and leaving only the basal angles blackish .......... Scutellum black along median line, thus leaving lateral margins MMORCTOMMUCSS RDO IGH mmm NOCHE. llc Layee! hea 1 ae (p. 438) obscurus Femora pale to fulvous, hind pair with two rows of prominent black spots, sometimes becoming obscured with darker but never distinctly blackish at base and with paler at middle; cuneus pale at. base and along outer margin; length 3.9-4.5 mm. ............ p. 440) flavoscutellatus n. sp. Femora pale to black, usually blackish at base and paler on middle, in dark specimens the femora black with only apices pale; cuneus pale at base but not along outer margin; length 3.8-4mm. ...... (p. 434) pelitus var. flaveolus n. var. (5) Pronotum and hemelytra black, a small pale lunule at base of CUOMGES, og on hilo eee IEE Sian weer ene A a Rec r ael 9 Pronotum pale apically, corium chiefly pale testaceous or ivory- white, but with a large, somewhat ovate, fuscous spot on apical half; cuneus pale, with a small black spot at apex (p. 439) fraternus Femora black, pale on apices; pubescence white; length 3.5 mm. (p. 434) politus Femora yellowish, with one or two rows of black spots on anterior face; pubescence yellowish to golden; length 4mm. .......... (p. 442) annulatus var. cuneatus n. var. - (4) Rostrum and legs black or obscured with blackish ........... 12 Rostrum and legs chiefly yellowish, femora spotted, or spotted and Ma wiceGuWAthiPDlaCK Mes. «eis Gave sidic eo ot mlere ee are ee laa ee De aoa II Smaller, length 3-3.2mm.; femora with a few small black spots visible but never forming black line above or below; hemelytra uniformly black, cuneus never pale at base ..(p. 453) repetitus n. sp. Larger, length 3.8-4.5mm.; hind femora with four or five black spots on apical half of anterior aspect, a black line forming above and one on ventral margin of apical half ea Sr uba (p. 442) annulatus Femora black except on extreme tips, tibiae pale but with prominent [oil keVrel eg ish oe sy est A a A NM UR Pe ARERR SOE UN 2 AU MA 13 Femora, tibiae, and antennae obscured with brownish black; anten- nal segment iii dusky to fuscous, scarcely paler than segment ii; 432 14. ES: 16. i 18. 10. 20. PAG 22. 23. 24. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. hemelytra brownish black, somewhat translucent, pubescence yellowish to dusky; length 4mm. .......... (p. 452) laricicola n. sp. Length of antennal segment 1i greater than width of head plus width of vertex; larger; lensth 4.2-4.5:mm. = .......0ce eee 14 Length of antennal segment 11 not equal to width of head plus width of vertex; deep black, strongly shining, pubescence white; sinaller; length) 3iritn hei oo eer (p. 435) nigronitens n. sp. Rostrum reaching upon hind coxae; brownish black, sometimes slightly translucent at cuneal fracture) 42.2... 05... soe ee _ (p. 443) annulatus var. nigrofemoratus n. var. Rostrum only reaching to middle of intermediate coxae; black, cuneus uniformly black like the corium ...... (p. 441) nigritus n. sp. (3) Cuneus, and whole dorsum as well, chiefly fulvous, sometimes the scutellum and clavus slightly darker; tylus and lora black .. 16 Cuneus and dorsum not distinctly fulvous, or with cuneus fulvous but apical half of..corium black. .<<-c.2.0e.c.25 ++ eee 17 Antennal segment ii exceeding width of pronotum at base ...... (p. 446) rosicola n. sp. Antennal segment ii not equal to width of pronotum at base .... (p. 447) fulvidus n. sp. Scutellum fuscous to blackish, or with a blackish median line .. 18 Scutellum uniformly pale or green ............... (p. 444) blatchleyi (a) Pronotum and hemelytra uniformly yellowish testaceous or SLECHISI: «Ne ve eee omen eat os variety blatchleyi typical (b) Basal half of pronotal disk, apical half of corium, and disk of clavus, darkened with fusco-brownish or blackish variety nubilus n. var. Rostrum extending beyond middle coxae, usually attaining hind margins of . posterior CORA | -: eect avs oho asi eas 2 ee 19 Rostrum not extending beyond middle coxae; hemelytra black, basal one-third to one-half of embolium and corium, pale; cuneus pale to fulvous, apex frequently dusky; length 4.3- AT MOMS: 6. he 4 ciara til eee (p. 441) brevirostris n. sp. Corium with pale area finding its distal limit along the claval suture: smaller forms, Jéneth 3.7-4.6mm. .<:.... i222.) eeeee (p. 438) obscurus var. albocuneatus n. var. Corium with pale area finding its distal limit along the radial vein; females with fuscous area on apical half of corium divided into two spots by the pale color which extends along radius and joins that of cuneus, larger forms, length 4.5-4.9 mm. (p. 439) alboradialis n. sp. (2) Scutellum, and usually the whole dorsum as well, black .... 21 Scutellum pale or fulvous, sometimes dark brownish, frequently the median line blackish but the basal angles distinctly paler; hemelytra more or less pale, in darkest’ forms brownish black but ‘always somewhat: translucent Se. .7\.-:.../.5). -. + ce eee «26 Hemelytra uniformly black, or blackish with pale ............ 22 Hemelytra uniformly brownish translucent; thorax and scutellum black... f cn S.n,85.080) ai a eee (p. 454) suffuscipennis n. sp. >: Cuneus chiefly black, basal angle of corium not or scarcely pale 23 Cuneus pale or reddish 2... oe eee eee. (p. 437) albonotatus n. sp. (a) Cuneus, and basal one-third or more of corium, pale; femora clouded with blackish, spots rarely visible ...... variety albonotatus typical (b) Cuneus reddish, basal area of corium tinged with reddish; hind femora with two rows of distinct spots, scarcely clouded «with fuscousi7s. 2 see ies variety tinctus n. var. Femora black, pale only at the apices .....................+0-- 25 Femora pale or fulvous, usually spotted with black ............ 24 Hind femora with two rows of prominent black spots on anterior face; antennal segment i black, slenderly pale at apex, segment No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. ER Ais'3 ii black at base for a space equal to one-third the length of SEGmmemty tise ees 6 os recleg aie da tee Ua NON Oe NE Uae (p. 450) punctatipes n. sp. ° (a) Cuneus uniformly black like the corium; length 3.6- Je OUUMATED Merely a cubed eas Sindy nen Nee variety punctatipes typical - (b) Cuneus narrowly pale at base; more slender, length TAMIIT a eiapets eheeceisahel 3 Po Re ley a (fae variety dispar n. var. Hind femora pale, a single black spot on lower margin near apex; antennal segment i pale, blackish at base, segment ii black at base for a space equal to half the length of segment i .... (p. 452) davisi n. sp. 25. Cuneus pale at base; antennal segment ii blackish on basal one- TECOUE TG 01h ap Aa ke a (p. 435) politus var. pallidicornis n. var. © Cuneus uniformly black like the corium; antennal segment ii narrowly black at base, the apex dusky; more ovate, deep Didckerstronelyesmining: 2.13.5 42 Ba atk (p. 436) flavicornis n. sp. 26. (20) Dorsum uniformly greenish yellow, clothed with prominent black pubescence; antennae with base of segments i and ii, and a second annulus forming before apex of segment i, black .... (p. 444) chrysanthemi Dorsum darkened or marked with fuscous, pubescence pale; antennaernou marked as ‘the above... 2 os. 6. we thiose seen 27, Zemetitennalrsesment 11 black’ at, base 2. .66 66 ves ssc ooleie sce lol den. 28 Antennal segment ii uniformly pale, sometimes narrowly dusky at base, segment i black; scutellum and cuneus pale; femora MV ptOM MIL KIS DOUG Utube cooste yes iii we ai'orleudie! Sim we gees haeatiorany (p. 445) albatus @)@Scutellum’ and cuneus pale ...:. 2.60... variety albatus typical (b) Median line of scutellum and apical haif of cuneus black- FIG) SN ete IE ech ee oe variety vittiscutis n. var. 28. Scutellum with median line blackish, pale or fulvous on each side 30 Scutellum uniformly colored, or with median line paler than basal DBIES. cigs AOSTA AE ERC ea a RL Ce A ae Pitan 20 . 29. Femora pale or fulvous, distinctly spotted in linear series with black; scutellum uniformly pale or with median line pale and basal angles dark; rosy pink or fulvous and tinged with dark brown . (p. 448) delicatus ° Femora rather uniformly dark except apices, black spots indistinct; scutellum uniformly colored, usually dark fusco-brownish or ligneous, similar to the whole dorsum ...... (p. 450) cornicola n. sp. 30. Cuneus uniformly pale ...... eee Bare ORC ApMM mara H eats 9515 c 31 Guneusmwithetuscous or blackish apically v2.2. . siete ot: et enn 4 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 463 4. Scutellum black; cuneus always with blackish, frequently pale at base but pale areas of legs and hemelytra never tinged with PUDVOUS! eet ses ep edie oon Sued oat Saved teh, aNee a ACI Re ee estes els 5 Scutellum more or less pale on lateral margins, rarely entirely black; if scutellum black then cuneus pale or dusky only at apex; cuneus pale, sometimes slightly infuscated at apex but pale areas yellowish and tinged with fulvous ....... (p. 466) alnicenatus n. sp. 5. Rostrum attaining hind margins of posterior coxae: hemelytra uniformly black; femora black; apices pale; length 3.6mm. (p. 464) morrisoni n. sp. Rostrum scarcely surpassing hind margins of middle coxae; base of cuneus and usually tip of embolium and spot on base of corium, PAlermen oun A=A10 MM. |r. al. acs ws ele ee aed (p. 465) parshleyi n. sp. (a) Femora pale, dark line forming on dorsal margin, anterior face with black spots and at times becoming dusky; tip of embolium and spot on base of corium, pale ............ variety parshleyi typical (b) Femora black, apices pale; corium uniformly brownish black variety fuscatus n. var. 6. Antennal segment 1i in length distinctly greater than width of head 7 Antennal segment 11 in length, just equal (female) to width of head, or (male) very slightly greater; femora fusco-brownish to black, front and middle femora more yellowish, a black spot on dorsal margin at apex, and with a second slightly larger subapical spot bearing two prominent bristles ......... (p. 468) waldeni n. sp. Faexntennae black)-or at least segment 1 black .... 200-004 Saeco de 8 Antennae pale, pubescence dusky; legs black, apices of femora and the tibiae pale, spines with small fuscous spots at base ........ (p. 469) piceicola n. sp. 8. Legs testaceous to brownish; femora sometimes nearly black but never paler at apices, always tinged with brownish and reddish, hind pair strongly incrassate; coxae and tibiae testaceous to brownish, more or less tinged with reddish ......... (463) ancorifer Legs chiefly black; femora more slender, black, apices of front and middle pairs pale; coxae deep black; tibiae pale to testaceous, blackespots at (base Of SpineS 1.42.5 ...055 0. bs (p. 464) drakei n. sp. P. ancorifer (Fieber). Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., i, 104, pl. 7, fig. 7, 1878. Brownish black to black, moderately shining; thickly clothed with yellowish to golden, closely appressed, sericeous pubescence, and intermixed with more erect blackish pubescent hairs; legs testaceous to brownish, femora frequently brownish black but uniformly colored and never paler at apices; tibiae testaceous to brownish, scarcely darker at base of spines. Male: Length 4.2 mm., width 1.5mm. Head: Width .84 mm., vertex .44mm. Antennae: Segment 11, length 1.05 mm., black, sometimes brownish apically, slender, scarcely thicker apically. Pronotum: Length .81 mm., width at base 1.38 mm. Female: Length 3.8 mm., width 1.7mm. Head: Width .84 mm., vertex .44mm. Antennae: Segment u, length I mm., black, yellowish on apical half, slender, slightly thicker apically but scarcely attaining thickness of segment 1. Pronotum: Length .77mm., width at base 1.4mm. Hemelytra becoming brownish or testaceous, frequently the cuneus distinctly reddish. 464 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Recorded on Alnus in Europe; Mr. Bueno collected specimens on apple at White Plains, N. Y. New Haven, 25 June; 1911 (J. K. Lewis). Psallus drakei Knight, new species. Black, strongly shining; clothed with closely appressed, seri- ceous, deciduous silvery pubescence, and intermixed with more erect blackish pubescent hairs. Male: Length 4.4mm., width 1.7mm. Head: Width .86mm., vertex .39mm.; black, shining, clothed with sericeous silvery pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.33 mm., extending to near hind margins of posterior coxae, black. Antennae: Segment i, length .25 mm., black; ii, 1.02 mm., black, equaling thickness of segment 1 but more slender near base; iii, .58mm., black; iv, .41 mm., blackish. Pronotum: Length .72mm., width at base 1.5 mm.;_ black, strongly shining, pleura as well as disk clothed with deciduous, silvery sericeous pubescence. Scutellum, sternum, pleura, and ostiolar peritreme, deep black. Hemelytra: Embolar margins very slightly arcuate; uniformly black, shining; pubescence similar to that of pronotum. Mem- brane and veins uniformly fuscous, a small clear spot bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: Black, middle and anterior femora pale at apex; tibiae pale, knees and apices fuscous, black spines with dark spot at base of each; apical tarsal segment fuscous. Venter black, strongly shining, silvery deciduous pubescence present on sides. Female: Length 4mm., width 1.89 mm.; very similar to male but embolar margins more arcuate. Pronotum: Length .77 mm., width at base 1.52mm. Antennae: Segment u, length 1.05 mm., black, brownish at middle. Named in honor of the collector, Dr. C. J. Drake, to whom the author is indebted for many valuable specimens. Holotype: Male, 6 July, 1917, Cranberry Lake, N. Y. (C. J. Drake) ; author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: Males (2), 2 July, type locality. ALBErTA—Male, 31 July, 1921, Nordegg (J. Mc- Dunnough). P. morrisoni Knight, new species. Black, elongate, suggestive of a Plagiognathus but distinguished by closely appressed, scale-like silvery pubescence; antennal seg- ment 1i of male distinctly longer than width of pronotum at base. Male: Length 3.6mm., width 1.25mm. Head: Width .69 mm., vertex .33 mm., black, scarcely paler on vertex. Rostrum, length 1.38 mm., attaining hind margins of posterior coxae, black, seg- ment 111 and apex of i1 yellowish. Antennae: Segment i, length .28mm., black; 11, 1.03 mm black, brownish on middle or slightly beyond, slender, not attaining thickness of segment i; iii, .77mm., testaceous to dusky; iv, .49 mm., pale fuscous. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 465 Pronotum: Length .55mm., width at base 1.03 mm.;_ black, pleura and disk clothed with closely appressed, scale-like silvery pubescence. Scutellum, sternum, pleura, and ostiolar peritreme, black. Hemelytra: Embolar margins nearly straight; uniformly black, or ligneous black, slightly translucent; pubescence similar to that of pronotum and scutellum but rather finer. Membrane uniformly fuscous, veins and bordering apex of cuneus slightly paler. Legs: Black, tips of femora slenderly pale; tibiae pale, knees and spots at base of spines blackish. Venter black, shining, scale- like silvery pubescence extending along sides. Female: Length 3.2 mm., width 1.2mm.; more ovate than the male but very similar in coloration. Antennae: Segment ii, length .94mm., testaceous, black on basal one-fourth. Pronotum: Length .49 mm., width at base 1.01 mm. Named in honor of the collector, Mr. Harold Morrison. Holotype: Male, 27 July, 1921, Arnold Arboretum, Boston, Mass. (Harold Morrison); U. S. N. M. collection. Allotype: taken with type. Paratypes: Males and females (19), collected with types by sweeping Myrica spp. MassacHusetts—Males (2), 21 Oct., 1915, Hyde Park (H. M. Parshley), on Selidago. } P. parshleyi Knight, new species. Color aspect suggestive of Plagiognathus fraternus Uhler, but distinguished by the sericeous, semiscale-like pubescence on pleura and dorsum. Male: Length 4.5 mm., width 1.7mm. Head: Width .80 mm., vertex .34 mm.; black, vertex somewhat yellowish; pale pubescent, hairs on front slightly thickened. Rostrum, length 1.43 mm., scarcely surpassing hind margins of middle coxae, blackish, some- what brownish on middle. Antennae: Segment i, length .32mm., black; 1, 1.26mm., slightly thicker toward apex but not attaining thickness of segment i, black, pale pubescent; ili, .88mm., fuscous; iv, .48mm., fuscous. Pronotum: Length .66mm., width at base 1.37 mm.;_ black, moderately shining, clothed chiefly with pale, closely appressed, semiscale-like pubescence. Scutellum black, transversely rugulose, clothed with pale semiscale-like pubescence. Sternum, pleura, and ostiolar peritreme, black, pleura bearing pale semiscale-like pubescence. Hemelytra: Elongate, embolar margins very slightly arcuate ; pale yellowish pubescent, and intermixed with closely appressed, semiscale-like hairs on corium and clavus; black, basal half of cuneus, tip of embolium, and a small translucent spot near base of corium, pale. Membrane uniformly fuscous, a pale spot bordering apex of cuneus, veins dusky but slightly paler at apex of ceils. Legs: Pale yellowish, coxae fuscous at base; femora with dark 466 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. line forming above and below on apical half, anterior face with two rows of black spots, largest spots in subdorsal line, posterior face with three or four spots on apical half; tibiae yellowish, knees, spines and large spot at base of each, black; tarsi fuscous, more brownish on middle segment. Venter black, shining, pale pubes- cent. Female: Length 4mm., width 1.66mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. Named in honor of Dr. H. M. Parshley, who has contributed much to the knowledge of New England Heteroptera. Holotype: Male, 23 July, 1917, Beach Bluff, Mass. (H. M. Parshley) ; author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type; collection of H. M. Parshley. Paratypes: MassacHusetts—Males (4) and females (5), taken with types on small birch bushes, probably Betula pumila. M1INNESoTA— Male and female, 4 July, female, 9 July, 1921, University Farm, St. Paul, collected at light; male and female, 12 July, 1919, males (5) and females (6), 2 Aug., 1920, Hennepin County (H. H. Knight), collected on Betula pumila glandulifera. NEw York—Female, 11 July, 1920, Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island (H. M. Parshley). Male, 4-7 July, 1915, Bayshore (C. E. Olsen). P. parshleyi var. fuscatus Knight, new variety. Structurally not differing appreciably from the typical parshleyi; corium uniformly fusco-blackish; femora black, only the apices pale; antennal segment 11 becoming yellowish or brownish at just slightly beyond middle, while in the typical parshleys segment 11 becomes brownish just before middle. Holotype: Male, 20 Aug., 1920, Beaver Bay, Minn. (H. H. Knight) ; Minn. Univ. collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Male, taken with types. Male, 18 Aug., 1920, Carlton County, Minn. (H. H. Knight). Psallus alnicenatus Knight, new species. Distinguished by the somewhat flattened, pale sericeous, almost scale-like hairs on pronotum, but more prominent on pleura. Male: Length 4.5 mm., width 1.44mm. Head: Width .72 mm., vertex .32mm.; blackish, vertex yellowish brown. Rostrum, length I.41 mm., attaining hind margins of intermediate coxae, yellowish brown, basal and apical segments blackish. Antennae: Segment i, length .30 mm., black, slender apex pale; il, 1.16 mm., black, narrow tip pale, sometimes the middle one-third or more, yellowish brown; iii, .83 mm., fuscous or pale fuscous; iv, .45 mm., pale fuscous. Pronotum: Length .66mm., width at base 1.22 mm.; blackish, basal half or less, yellowish brown to pale fuscous; clothed with pale yellowish pubescence, the propleura and disk anteriorly bear- ing somewhat flattened, pale sericeous, almost scale-like hairs. Scutellum and mesoscutum yellowish brown, the median line broadly blackish; sternum, pleura, and ostiolar peritreme, black, in pale specimens becoming slightly yellowish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins nearly straight; pale yellowish No. 34. |] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 467 brown to dusky, semitranslucent, clavus and apical half of corium becoming infuscated, usually paler bordering radial vein, cuneus dark brownish to fuscous at apex; clothed with pale yellowish pubescence. Membrane infuscated, slightly paler on middle, veins pale yellowish, a clear spot bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: Pale to yellowish, hind coxae fuscous at base; femora with two rows of black spots on anterior face, a black line forming along dorsal margin, hind femora with a ventral line on apical half; knees, tibial spines and spot at base of each, black, apical tarsal segment blackish. Venter black, moderately shining, finely pale yellowish pubescent. Female: Length 3.7mm., width 1.44mm.; shorter and more robust than the male; frequently more broadly pale, cuneus uni- formly yellowish translucent, sides of venter broadly pale; antennal segment 11 yellowish brown on apical half but fuscous before apex. Food plant: Alnus incana and probably other species of alder. Holotype: Male, 3 July, 1920, McLean Bogs, Tompkins County, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Males and females (78), taken with the types on Alnus incana. MassacHusetts—Female, 8 Aug., 1912, Chester (C. W. Johnson). Minnesota—Males (3), females (3), 30 June, 1922, Kings Bluff, Winona County (H. H. Knight). New York—Males and females (26), 26 July, 1916, McLean; males and females (24), 8 July, 1920, Ithaca (H. H. Knight). \ Male, 26 July, 1917,, Cranberry Lake (C. J. Drake). Nova Scotra—Male, 4 Aug., 1917, Truro (W. H. Brittain). P. strobicola Knight, new species. Fuscous black; antennae, and legs except coxae, yellow; clothed with closely appressed, sericeous silvery pubescence. Male: Length 3.5 mm., width 1.33 mm. Head: Width .72 mm., vertex .33mm. (measured across posterior corners of eyes) ; black, eyes reddish brown. Rostrum, length 1.25 mm., attaining hind margins of posterior coxae, yellow, basal segment blackish. _ Antennae: Yellow; segment i, length .17mm.; 11, .97mm.; 11, .62mm.; iv, .39 mm., slightly dusky. Pronotum: Length .53 mm., width at base 1.08 mm. Hemelytra: Embolar margins very slightly arcuate; uniformly fuscous black; clothed with closely appressed, sericeous silvery pubescence, and intermixed with more erect dark pubescence similar to that of pronotum and scutellum. Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, not perceptibly paler bordering cuneus. Legs: Yellow, coxae blackish except at apex; tibial spines black but without dark spots at base. Female: Length 3.1 mm., width 1.36mm.; more robust than the male but otherwise very similar. Breeds on Pinus strobus. Holotype: Male, 29 June, 1920, Ithaca, N. Y. (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Males and females (24), taken with the types on Pinus strobus. New York—Males and females (4), 8 July, females (2), 13 July, 1920, female, 26 July, 1916, 468 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. Ithaca; male, 21 June, 1914, Portageville; male and females (2), 11 July, 1920, Taghanic (H. H. Knight). Males and females (6), 8 July, 1919, male and female, 24 July, 1920, Cranberry Lake (C. J. Drake). Qursec—Males (2), 1 July, 1920, St. Hilarie (G. A. Moore). P. alnicola Douglas and Scott. Psallus alni Douglas and Scott, Brit. Hemiptera, 414, 1865. Length 3.6mm., width 1.4mm.; carmine red, head, pronotal disk, and scutellum, flecked with fuscous; cuneus bright red, nar- rowly pale at base; membrane fuscous, slightly paler across middle ; antennae yellowish, segment 11 darker at apex; clothed with yel- lowish, sericeous pubescence and intermixed with more erect dusky pubescent hairs; legs yellowish but sometimes tinged with reddish, femora dotted with prominent blackish spots, tibial spines with black spots at base; sternum and base of genital segment fuscous. Breeds on Alnus rugosa in cool humid surroundings. Minnesota, New York. NEw HampsHirE—Female, 24 Sept., 1907, Mt. Washington, alt. 2,500 ft. (O. Bryant). *Psallus waldeni Knight, new species. Female: Length 2.5mm., width 1.0o8mm. Head: Width .66mm., vertex .38mm.; black, slightly paler on vertex. Ros- trum, length 1.08 mm., yellowish, blackish only on apical segment, reaching upon hind coxae. Antennae: Segment i, length .17mm.; i, .66mm., slender, slightly thicker apically but not attaining thickness of segment 1, very finely pale pubescent; 111, .43mm.; iv, .28mm.; black, last two segments pale fuscous. Pronotum: Length .40 mm., width at base .9 mm., width anterior angles .57mm.; fuscous black, scarcely shining; clothed with fine erect pubescent hairs and intermixed with closely appressed pale ‘sericeous pubescence, propleura bearing only simple pubescent hairs. Scutellum black, mesoscutum moderately exposed, a pale spot at each side; sternum and propleura blackish, basalar plate yellowish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly arcuate; fusco-blackish., cuneus uniformly colored like the corium; pubescence similar to that on pronotal disk. Membrane uniformly pale fuscous, veins and narrowly bordering apex of cuneus, paler. Legs: Yellowish to fusco-brownish, hind femora darker ; femora with black spot on dorsal margin at apex, and with a sécond slightly larger subapical spot bearing two prominent bristles, front and middle pairs exhibiting a row of fuscous spots on lower margin of anterior face; tibiae pale, bearing two rows of very prominent black spines, length of spines nearly equal to twice thickness of segment, a large black spot at base of each spine, spots becoming obsolete on apical half of anterior pairs; tarsi fuscous. Venter black, pale pubescent. Holotype: Female, 30 May, 1911, New Haven, Conn. (B. H. Walden) ; author’s collection. Paratype: Female, taken with type. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 469 P. piceicola Knight, new species. Brownish black, hemelytra. more brownish, antennae and base of cuneus pale. Male: Length 3mm., width 1.08mm. Head: Width .60 mm., vertex at basal margin .34 mm., narrowest point on front .27 mm.; strongly inclined vertically, somewhat compressed; brownish black, pale yellowish pubescent. Rostrum, length 1.18 mm., extending behind posterior coxae, blackish, slightly paler on middle. Antennae: Segment 1, length .20 mm., thickness .057 mm., pale; ii, 66 mm., equal to thickness of segment 1, slightly more slender at base, pale with a tinge of dusky, clothed with prominent pale to dusky pubescence; 1, .37 mm., dusky; iv, .34 mm., dusky. Pronotum: Length .44mm., width at base .9imm.; dark brownish black, slightly shining, finely and closely yellowish pubes- cent, scale-like sericeous pubescence more evident on hemelytra. Scutellum and mesoscutum brownish black, yellowish pubescent. Sternum and pleura brownish black, the latter clothed with some- what flattened, sericeous pale pubescence; ostiolar peritreme fuscous, anterior lobe bordering ostiole, pale. Hemelytra: Embolar margins only very slightly arcuate; dark fusco-brownish to blackish, base of cuneus pale translucent, apex of embolium frequently pale; clothed with golden to dusky pubes- cence and intermixed with more closely appressed, silvery tomen- tose pubescence. Membrane pale fuscous, paler on middle and bordering apex of cuneus, veins somewhat pale or tinged with reddish. Legs: Dark brownish black, apices of femora and the tibiae, pale; tibial spines brownish to blackish, a fuscous spot at base of each, both spots and spines paler apically; tarsi pale to dusky, fuscous at apex. Venter brownish black with a tinge of reddish, somewhat shining, finely pale yellowish pubescent. Female: Length 2.86 mm., width 1.28mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration, hemelytra usually more brownish. Antennae: Segment i, length .22mm., thickness .058mm.; ii, .60 mm., nearly attaining the thickness of segment 1 but slightly more slender on basal half, clothed with prominent dusky pubescence; iii, .47mm., slender; iv, .31mm.; uniformly pale but with a dusky tinge, dusky pubescent. Breeds on spruce (Picea). Holotype: Male, 3 July, 1919, White Plains, N. Y. (J. R. T. Bueno) ; author’s collection. Allotype: Female, 11 July, 1922, University Farm, St. Paul, Minn. (H. H. Knight). Paratypes. Mrnnesora—Males and females (38), taken with the allotype on spruce (H. H. Knight). Females (7), 27 Aug., 1920, Vermillion Lake, Minn. (H. H. Knight). Males and females (12), 12 Aug., 1922, Beaver Dam, Cook County (H. H. Knight). New YorkK—Female, 29 June, females (2), 3 July, 1919, males (2), 5 July, 1920, White Plains (J. R. T. Bueno). Females (3), 28 July, 1920, Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island (H. M. Parshley), collected on spruce (Picea). 470 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Lepidopsallus new genus. Form short ovate, body clothed with closely appressed scale-like pubescence, and interspersed with more erect simple pubescent hairs; head broad, antennal segment 11, in length, not equal to width of head; tibiae strongly spinose; claws and pseudarolia as shown in figure 49: 3. Genotype: (Sthenarus) rubidus Uhler. Differs from the genotype, Europiella stigmosa (Uhler), chiefly by shape of head, shortness of antennal segment ii, in type of pubescence, and in general by the more ovate and robust form. Key to Spectes. I. Rostrum extending beyond posterior coxae ............0.ceseseee 2 Rostrum not extending beyond posterior coxae ............2.e00. 3 2. Antennal segments 1 and 11 pale yellowish; sides of venter without Scale-ke pubescence. 5. 20s. ae Mie fies sieaice:e Sone claricornis n. sp. Antennal segment i black, base of segment ii dusky; sides of venter and pleura bearing scale-like pubescence ............ rostratus n. sp. 3. Antennal segment ii scarcely longer than length of pronotum .... 4 Antennal segment 11, in length, equal to length of pronotum plus the dorsal width of an eye; small, length 2.7mm. ...... olseni n. sp. 4. Combined length of antennal segments iii and iv greater than length of segment ii; antennal segment ii thickened in both sexes, cylindrical and equal to thickness of segment i; black, length PUG MTIITT EEA sale ety dence eictet oe Ceara Wart stare Wy are ct ucth mae minusculus n. sp. Combined length of antennal segments iii and iv less than or scarcely equal to length of segment i1; antennal segment ii more slender in female, distinctly thinner on basal half and not equal to thickness of segment i; color black with reddish, embolium and cuneus stronely ‘reddish 2s 6.005. 2 2 ose ce aw alee eee rubidus (a) Color uniformly black, antennal segment 11 always black; scale-like pubescence silvery white ......... variety atricolor n. var. L. rostratus Knight, new species. Piceous black; antennal segment 11 yellowish, dusky at base; rostrum extending to base of ovipositor. Female: Length 2.8mm., width 1.31mm. Head: Width .74mm., vertex .34mm.; front and vertex more nearly flat and tylus more produced than in claricorms; black pubescent and inter- mixed with pale silvery scale-like hairs. Rostrum, length 1.47 mm., extending posteriorly as far as base of ovipositor, piceous. Antennae: Segment i, length .17mm., black; i, .7omm; slender, slightly thickened toward apex, yellowish, dusky at base; iii, .44 mm., pale fuscous; iv, .34 mm., fuscous. Pronotum: Length .48mm., width at base 1.06mm.; rather thickly clothed with silvery, scale-like pubescence, and intermixed with black simple pubescence ; propleura thickly covered with scale- like hairs. Scutellum with pubescence and coloration similar to disk of pronotum. Sternum, pleura, and ostiolar peritreme, uniformly black; episterna and pleura bearing scale-like hairs. Hemelytra: Embolar margins moderately arcuate; uniformly piceous black; clothed with closely appressed, silvery scale-like No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 471 pubescence, and intermixed with more erect black pubescent hairs. Membrane and veins uniformly fumate, scarcely paler bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: Black, tibiae and tarsi pale yellowish, basal half of hind tibiae becoming blackish, spines black but without spots at base, tips of tarsi fuscous. Venter black, brownish pubescent, sides bearing silvery scale-like pubescence. Holotype: Female, 18 Aug., 1920, Elkhorn Creek, Carlton County, Minn. (H. H. Knight); Minn. Univ. collection. L. claricornis Knight, new species. Brownish black, antennae and tibiae pale; rostrum extending to middle of venter. Female: Length 3.1mm., width 1.47mm. Head: Width _.80mm., vertex .36mm.; yellowish pubescent. Rostrum, length 1.56mm., reaching upon base of ovipositor, brownish black like the head. mitemuaaze- Segment 1, length .t96mm., pale yellowish 3) -11, .77mm., slightly thickened from base toward apex, uniformly yellowish, dusky pubescent; segments 111 and iv missing. Pronotum: Length .54 mm., width at base 1.23 mm.; brownish pubescent and intermixed on disk with closely appressed pale scale- like pubescence, propleura bearing simple pubescent hairs without any indication of scale-like pubescence. Scutellum uniformly brownish black lke the pronotum, bearing scale-like pubescence intermixed with simple pubescent hairs. Sternum, pleura, and ostiolar peritreme, uniformly dark brownish, pleura bearing fine brownish pubescence only. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly arcuate; uniformly brownish black, brownish pubescent and intermixed with closely appressed, pale scale-like hairs. Membrane uniformly pale brown- ish, scarcely paler bordering apex of cuneus, veins brownish. Legs: Brownish black, tips of coxae and femora slightly paler ; tibiae pale yellowish, spines black but without dark spot at base of each; tarsi pale, apices fuscous. Venter dark brownish, pubescence brownish. Holotype: Female, 29 May, Lakehurst, N. J. (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. ; L. rubidus (Uhler). Uhler, Hemiptera Colo., 41, 1895. Male: Length 3.2mm., width 1.5mm.; blackish, hemelytra reddish brown with fuscous, embolium and cuneus\ strongly red- dish; membrane uniformly fuscous; clothed with pale yellowish, closely appressed, scale-like pubescence and intermixed with more erect dusky, simple pubescent hairs; femora fusco-brownish, tinged with reddish; tibiae brownish to reddish, beset with promi- nent black spines. Antennae fuscous to ferruginous; segment i, length .16mm.; 1, .64mm., in length not equal to width of head 472 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. (width .81 mm.), equal in thickness to segment i but more slender on basal one-fourth, usually paler on apical half; iii, .36mm.; iv, 231mm. Pronotum: Length .62mm., width at base 2.38 mm. Female: Length 3.5mm., width 1.53mm.; width of head .86mm., vertex .41 mm.; antennal segment 1i, length .61 mm., more slender than in the male, gradually tapering thicker toward apex but scarcely attaining thickness of segment i. Breeds on Salix. New York. L. rubidus var. atricolor Knight, new variety. Structurally not differing appreciably from rubidus but uni- formly black in color; tibiae somewhat reddish or testaceous apically; antennal segment 11 always black; scale-like pubescence silvery white. Holotype: Male, 10 Aug., 1916, Batavia, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s coilection. Paratypes: Males and females (4), taken with the type. MinNesota—Males and females (24), 12 July, 1919, Hennepin County (H. H. Knight). New Yorx—Male, 7 Aug., 1917, Wanakena (C. J. Drake). VERMoNT—Male, 15 June, 1908, Brattleboro (C. W. Johnson). Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight, new species. Ovate, robust; black, moderately shining, clothed with silvery white, closely appressed, scale-like pubescence and intermixed with more erect yellowish to dusky pubescence. Male: Length 2.4mm., width 1.28mm. Head: width .68mm., vertex .34mm. Rostrum, length 1.03 mm., attaining hind margins of posterior coxae- Antennae: Segment u, length .60mm., cylindrical, equal in thickness to segment 1; ili, .36mm., pale fuscous; iv, 23 mm., pale fuscous. Pronotum: Length .51 mm., width at base 1 mm. Pleura black, beset with conspicuous silvery white scales; ostiolar peritreme black, with two or three scales on dorsal lobe. Hemelytra: Embolar margins strongly arcuate; _ scale-like pubescence rather closely but irregularly placed, each scale truncate at apex and quite as distinct as are the scales of certain Lepidop- tera. Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, scarcely paler bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: Black, tarsi fuscous; tibial spines large, length of some equal to more than twice thickness of tibia. Venter black, also clothed with silvery scales. Female: Length 2.6mm., width 1.48mm.; slightly larger and more robust than the male. Head: Width .71 mm., vertex .38 mm. Antennae: Segment ii, length .60mm., cylindrical, equal in thickness to segment i; iti, .36mm., pale fuscous; iv, .23 mm., pale fuscous. Holotype: Male, 10 July, 1915, White Plains, N. Y. (J. R. T. Bueno) ; author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: Male and female, taken with the types on apple. Noi34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 473 L. olseni Knight, new species. Slightly larger than minusculus, very similar in color but in form more flattened above; distinguished by the long and slender anten- nal segment ii which is equal to length of pronotum plus dorsal width of an eye. Bemale; Length 2.7mm.,. width 1.28mm: Head: Width .76 mm., vertex .34mm. Rostrum (imbedded in glue). Amennae: (segment 1, length .17 mm. ;) 11, '.68 mm))) slender, gradually thickened from base toward apex but not attaining thickness of segment i; ill, .34mm.; iv, missing. Pronotum: Length .43 mm., width at base 1.01 mm.; clothed with silvery scale-like pubescence and intermixed with more erect, simple pubescent hairs. Hemelytra: Embolar margins moderately arcuate; silvery scales not so distinctly truncate at apex as in minusculus. Membrane pale fuscous, veins fuscous to reddish brown. Legs: Black, tibiae more reddish black. Venter sparsely beset with silvery scales and interspersed with more erect simple pubescence. Named in honor of the collector, Mr. Chris E. Olsen. Holotype: Female, 28 July, 1916, Pigeon Cove, Mass. (C. E.\ Olsen) ; author’s collection. Tribe ONCOTYLINI. Key to Genera. 1. Pseudarolia connate with claw for their full length; claws broadly COIPVEL 5 dic eigen eet A ale ra mee PPE a DUE A ISH EY 2 Pseudarolia attached only at basal angles and extending free and parallel with them, usually to the tips; claws short and strongly HACORENVELCL SURES Con Ne (p. 474) Macrotylus 2. Pseudarolia extending beyond tips of claws (fig. 49: 13); rostrum NOMEeXtendine DeyONdshiNnd COXAE 24.0 60sec ee le eee (p. 474) Lopus Pseudarolia not attaining apex of claw, extreme tips sharply ineunved: rostrum extending to middle of venter (2.3 0.020.055 (p. 473) Megalocoleus Megalocoleus Reuter. M. molliculus (Fallen). Phytocoris molliculus Fallen, Hemip. Suec., 82, 1820. Macrocoleus molliculus Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., ii, 226, 1879. Male: Length 5.4mm., width 1.89 mm.; pale greenish white to yellowish, disk of corium sometimes slightly darkened with fuscous ; membrane pale to fumate, smaller areole and a spot near tip of cuneus darker; dorsum clothed with prominent, more or less erect, pale yellowish to dusky pubescence; rostrum attaining middle of venter, blackish at apex. Female: Length 4.5 mm., width 1.91 mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. : Occurs on Tanacetum and Achillea in Europe. Beach Bluff, Mass. 474 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Lopus Hahn. L. decolor (Fallen). Capsus decolor Fallen, Monog. Cim. Suec., 102, 1807. Onychumenus decolor Saunders, Het. Brit. Islds., 297, pl. 27, fig. 10, 1892. Length, male, 4.8mm., width 1.6mm.; female, length 4 mm., width 1.4mm.; pale with dusky brown, antennae darker brown; tarsi and claws black. Breeds on sedges; found in numbers and was observed to ovi- posit in the stem of Juncus dudleyi at McLean, New York. Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Cornwall, 18 July, 1921 (B. H. W.); Litchfield, 22 July,.1920 (P..G.); New Haven; 11 July, 19004 Gee) 11 July, 1920, 20 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Salem, 11 July (H. W. Foote) ; West Thompson, 12 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.). Macrotylus Fieber. “Mi. amoenus Reuter. Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, 75, 1900. Length 2.2mm., width .8mm.; yellowish green, the hemelytra darker green; antennal segments i and 11 black, apices white; tibiae black, femora with a black bar on the dorsal margin; cuneus with two yellow spots separated with black; membrane fuscous, with a clear spot on each side near the margin. Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (P. G.); Westville, 4 July, 19004 (W. E. B.), type locality. M. sexguttatus (Provancher ). Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 150, 1887. Length 3 mm., width 1.1 mm.; black; apex of antennal segment ii pale; head greenish; base and apex of cuneus clear; membrane with a large clear spot on each side near the apex. Found breeding on Aster undulatus at Batavia, New York. New Haven, 16 June, 1920 (B. H. W.). Tribe Hallodapini. Key to Genera. 1.. Pseudarolia connate with claws (fig. 40: 15, 16) ...°...22 eee 2 Pseudarolia attached at base of claws, free apically but extending practically parallel with claw (fig. 49: 17); females usually WINRTESS. oc .s.4)s) we esa all thee ee ee ce se aaie (p. 475) Coquillettia 2. Antennal segment ii nearly linear, slightly thickened apically but not exceeding twice thickness of basal half; females brachyp- CETOUS: 2.6 dares he ee eee (p. 475) Orectoderus Antennal segment ii distinctly clavate, thickness on apical half exceeding twice that of basal half; females macropterous .... (p. 476) Teleorhinus No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 475 Coquillettia Uhler. C. mimetica Osborn. Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci., v, 236, 1808. Male: Length 6.4mm., width 1.77mm.; ferrugino-testaceous, abdomen, tarsi, and antennal segment ii, becoming fuscous; basal half of corium transparent, apical part bright ferrugino-testaceous but slenderly margined with fuscous; basal one-third of cuneus white, slightly translucent, membrane and apical ut ital of cuneus blackish. Female: Length 5.5mm., wingless; ant-like in fon head wider than pronotum ; abdomen with first two segments constricted to form a pedicel, the remaining segments forming a globose, polished, minutely and sparsely haired body with conspicuous pleural fold; color brown, antennal segments it, iv, and apex of “ii, tarsi and apices of tibiae, fuscous to blackish; globose portion of abdomen and dorsum of second segment, dark chestnut or piceous. Occurs on elevated grassy ridges (Osborn). Iowa, North Carolina. Orectoderus Uhler. O. obliquus Uhler. BuallWies. Geol Geog. Surv., 1, 319,. 1876. Male: Length 7.7mm., width 1.8mm.; shining black, basal half of cuneus, base of corium and extending to near middle of hemelytra, pale or translucent; legs reddish to piceous. Female: Length 5.8mm., brachypterous; ant-like in form, head broader than pronotum; hemelytra greatly reduced, extending to base of abdomen, there turning upward, the tips tapering to a point and vertical; two basal segments of abdomen constricted into a pedicel, the remaining segments forming a globose portion, the pleural fold prominent from base to eighth segment inclusive ; color piceous to black, antennae brownish to fuscous, segment iv and tips of 11 and iu, blackish. Granby, 21 May, 1920 (M. P. Z.). QO. obliquus var. ferrugineous Knight, new variety. Female: Similar in structure to the typical female of obliquus but differs in color aspect; ferrugino-testaceous, apex of antennal segment ii piceous, globose portion of abdomen black. Mr. Olsen took these specimens in company with a reddish colored ant (Camponotus castaneous) which this form resembles very closely. Holotype: Female , 4-7 ra Bayshore, Long Island, N. Y. (Chris E. Olsen); author’s collection. Paratypes: Females (2), taken with the types. 476 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Teleorhinus Uhler. T. tephrosicola Knight, new species. Male: Length 7.3mm., width 2.2mm.; differs from cyaneus Uhler in that the combined length of antennal segments iii and iv is greater than the length of segment ii; clavate portion of segment ii only twice as thick as segment i, while in cyaneus the apical half of segment 11 is three times the thickness of segment 1. Antennae: Segment i, length .36mm., black; 11, 2.05 mm., apical two-fifths clavate, .17 mm. thick, yellowish, the clavate por- tion black; 11, 1.39 mm., slender, fuscous, slightly paler at base; iv, .97 mm., fuscous. Black, shining, minutely pubescent, very similar to cyaneus but differs in form of anterior angles of pronotum; legs pale reddish yellow, coxae whitish but blackish at base; rostrum brownish but darker at base and apex. Female: Length 7.6mm., width 2.5mm.; not differing materially in form or color from the male. Holotype: Male, 11 July, 1916, Yaphank, Long Island, N..Y. (Wm. T. Davis); author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratype: Female, 17 June, 1906, Lakehurst, N. J. (Wm. T. Davis). Mr. Davis took the type specimens on flowers of Tephrosia sp. Subfamily DicyPHINAE. Key to Genera. t. Pseudarolia prominent (fig. 402 18-20). ..:...... 22 ose) see 2 Pseudarolia absent (fig. 49: 21); hemelytra hyaline, glassy, ovate, with a sharply defined inverted Y-shaped red or fuscous mark (p. 478) Hyaliodes 2. Calli distinctly impressed at basal margin, and thus the pronotal disk rather distinctly transversely sulcate ........ (p. 476) Dicyphus Calli not or scarcely impressed at basal margin, pronotal disk not transversely suleate! ii Nate ane ee eee tose 0 be bikes lo ee 3. Eyes small, head elongated behind eyes for a space equal to lateral width of anieye = 36a tee (p. 478) Macrolophus Eyes large, head space behind eyes not equal to half the lateral Width “Of ancy Gos < sce pepe eee eetiees anh oy k= "ays. sat ot at oe [ Cyrtopeltis ] Dicyphus Uhler. Key to Species. 1. Ostiolar peritreme strongly protruding, ostiole large and clearly EXpOSed Lei Sie sie Porcher cten STI Tee Renee eis) ©. «eel a) «chaste 2 Ostiolar peritreme scarcely raised from the pleural wall, ostiole inconspicuous or quite concealed; head and pronotum black, collar and ray between calli pale, hemelytra chiefly pale ............. agilis , 2. Eyes removed from pronotal collar for a space equal to dorsal width of an eye; hemelytra conspicuously colored with red .... famelicus Eyes removed from pronotal collar for a space equal to less than dorsal width of an eye; hemelytra darkened with fuscous, rarely tinged with reddish 12 Gretta siete sereiet W.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905: (H. L. Vz): Orthocephalus Fieber. O. mutabilis (Fallen). Capsus mutabilis Fallen, Monog. Cim. Suec., 98, 1807. Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., iv, 48, 165, 166, pl. 4, figs. 2, 3, 1891. Male: Length 4.8 mm., width 1.7 mm.; black, clothed with long black hairs, especially on the antennae, head, sides of pronotum and hemelytra; in addition to black hairs the dorsum bears rather sparse, short pale tomentose pubescence; inner half of corium and slender margin of clavus bordering claval suture, pale. Female (macropterous): Length 4.9 mm., width 2.2 mm.; more robust than the male, very similar in color but narrowly pale along claval suture. This form of the female is comparatively scarce. Female (brachypterous): Length 4.1mm., width 2.3 mm.; broader and more ovate than the macropterous form; hemelytra not attaining apex of abdomen, membrane absent, uniformly black, claval suture scarcely developed. This is the common female form. Food plant: Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Linnaeus. Maine, New York. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 501 Tribe LABOPINI. Labops Burmeister. L. hirtus Knight. ican nt. liv, 258,. 1922. Length 5 mm., (brachypterous) 4.3 mm., width 2.4mm.; easily recognized by the pedunculate eyes, width of head great as width of pronotum at base; black, narrow margin of hemelytra, marks on head, and coxae, pale yellowish to ivory-white; bands about middle and at apices of femora, tibiae excluding apices and knees, yellowish; clothed with coarse, long, erect pubescence. Maine, Massachusetts, New York. Tribe LOPIDINI. Key to Genera. Pubaseor, vertex without a ridge bearing’ bristles 22.2. .6.0.. 60.0025. 2 Vertex with a high transverse ridge at base, running from eye to eye and bearing bristles; pronotum and hemelytra with sparsely comeenecteblack Dristless obit. th. ook dvb e's She ee (p. 501) Hadronema 2. Genae very high, height greater than the depth of an eye; without an oblique suture dividing the genae beneath the eyes; tylus strongly protruding, its base well below the lowest margin of the MME TUM ec Mat cars ore ccaue, Git ave elo ve tenes at hiaraltaty (p. 501) Ilnacora Genae medium or high; with an oblique suture leading from base of antenna to beneath the eye and thus dividing the gena; base of tylus above a line drawn through the lowest margin of the BYES oo Hoy cube Oe tk ee ac ane nnn ine (p. 502) Lopidea Hadronema Uhler. H. militaris Uhler. Hayden’s Surv. Terr., Rept. for 1871, 412, 1872. Length 5-5.4mm., width 2mm.; black, outer margin of the hemelytra and cuneus, pale; basal margin, and sometimes basal half of pronotum, reddish; clothed with sparsely set, erect black bristles. Food plant: Baptisia tinctoria. Long Island, N. Y. Tinacora Reuter. I. malina (Uhler). Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv., iii, 419, 1877. Length 5.4mm., width 1.6mm.; head, body, and antennae mostly black; hemelytra and base of the pronotum bright green, apex of the pronotum, two stripes on scutellum, and legs, greenish yellow; a round black spot behind each callosity; membrane blackish. Food plant: Solidago rugosa, growing in shaded damp places. ibitchheld. 22 July: 1920 (P.-G.));. Wilton, 24 July, 1920, (MAP. )Z.):. 502 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. I. stalii Reuter. Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, 86, 1876. Length 5.5 mm., width 1.8mm.; pale greenish white; dorsum bearing patches of black scale-like hairs, forming a prominent spot behind each callus, one at base of scutellum, and one at inner angle of cuneus. Occurs on Cocklebur and other weeds. New York. Lopidea Uhler. L. confluens (Say). Capsus confluenta Say, Heter. N. Harm., 23, 1832; Compl. Writ., i, 341, 1850. Ent. News, xxix, 211, 1918. Male: Length 6.3 mm., width 2.1mm.; yellowish orange and tinged with reddish, broadly each side of commissure, membrane, Fic. 67. Lopidea confluens Fic. 68. Lopidea davisi Knight,— Say,—male genital claspers, (a) male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, left clasper, dorsal aspect, (b) dorsal aspect, (e) right clasper, inter- right clasper, internal lateral nal lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. scutellum, and more or less on pronotal disk, darkened with fuscous; antennae, tylus, rostrum, base of head, and a stripe each side of front, black; legs blackish, trochanters and coxae except basally, yellowish; genital claspers (fig. 67), distinctive of the species. Female: Length 6.5 mm., width 2.4mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. Breeds on Polymnia uvedalia, and probably P. canadensis. Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York. L. davisi Knight. Ent. News, xxviii, 458, 1917. Male: Length 5.5 mm., width 2mm.; yellowish orange to red- dish; antennae, legs, front of head, and rostrum, black; calli, base No.34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 503 of pronotum, scutellum, clavus, inner half of corium, and mem- brane, fuscous; genital claspers (fig. 68), distinctive of the species. Female: Length 5.6 mm., width 2.1 mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. When described the food plant of this species was unknown, but in the short interval since that time, the insect has appeared as a serious pest on the cultivated Phlox, in Arkansas, Minnesota, and West Virginia. It may very well be called the “phlox plant bug.” Long Island, N. Y. Se SSS cuneala RN: BH), ZY heideman ni xen Fic. 69. Lopidea heidemanm Fic. 70. Lopidea cuneata Van Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (b) right clasper, dorsal aspect. right clasper, dorsal aspect. Greatly Greatly enlarged. Drawing by enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Dre ey TH. Knight. Knight. L. heidemanni Knight. Ent. News, xxvili, 456, 1917. - -Lopidea marginata Heidemann, Check List, Ins. Conn., 69, 1920. Male: Length 6.7 mm., width 2.14mm.; dark red, with more fuscous on pronotum and scutellum than media; larger and more elongate than media, the hemelytra always exhibiting a strong tendency to shrivel and wrinkle longitudinally; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 69), the right clasper showing a close relationship with cuneata and salicis. Female: Length 6.2 mm., width 2.08 mm.; slightly more robust than the male, otherwise very similar; costal margins of hemelytra frequently pale as in media; in certain color phases, dull orange red with fuscous. Breeds on elm (Ulmus); nymphs have also been reared from Achillea millefolium. Durham, 15 June, 1919, New Haven, 29 May, 13 June, 1920 (M. P. Z.). 504 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. L. cuneata Van Duzee. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxvi, 79, IQIO. Male: Length 6.1 mm., width 2mm.; dorsum dark fuscous on a background of orange-red, cuneus, embolium, and base of radial vein, more strongly reddish; pronotum dark fuscous, lateral margins of disk pale to reddish; antennae, head and legs chiefly, black; mark along front margin of eye, juga, genae, trochanters, and coxae except basally, pale; propleura except surrounding coxal cleft, pale reddish; venter reddish and darkened with fuscous, genital segment blackish; genital claspers (fig. 70), distinctive of the species. Female: Length 6mm., width 2.1 mm.; similar to the male but the reddish coloration replaced chiefly by paie, frequently the inner margin and apical angles of corium becoming pale. Collected on Populus balsamifera by Van Duzee, while the writer has found it to breed on Populus deltoides in Minnesota. New York, Illinois, Minnesota. robinia salicis Gow oe ee ew fe ewe ne ene i Fic. 71. Lopidea salicis Knight, Fic. 72. Lopidea robiniae Uhler,— —male genital claspers, (a) left male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, clasper dorsal aspect, (b) right dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, pos- clasper, dorsal aspect. Greatly terior aspect, (d) left clasper, poster- enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. ior aspect. Greatly enlarged. Draw- Knight. ing by Dr. H. H. Knight. L. salicis Knight. Ent. News, xxviii, 457, 1917. Male: Length 5.7 mm., width 1.94mm.; black, propleura and basal angles of pronotal disk orange colored; embolium and cuneus except inner apical margin, yellowish to orange; genital claspers (fig. 71), distinctive of the species. Female: Very similar to the male in size and coloration, some- times slightly more robust. Closely related to cuneata but differs in the genital claspers and in having more orange color on the pronotum and sides of hemelytra. Breeds on Salix nigra. New York. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 505 L. robiniae (Uhler). (Plate xvi, 14.) Capsus robimae Uhler, Proc. Ent: Soc. Phila., i, 24, 1861. Ent. News, xxix, 211, pl. 13, fig. 2, 1918. Male: Length 6.8mm., width 2.1mm.; color orange-yellow, dorsum infuscated similarly to confluens; distinguished from the pale forms of confluens only by the genital claspers (fig. 72). Female: Length 6.5mm., width 2.14mm.; usually slightly more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. Breeds on Robima pseudacacia. Branford, 29, July, 1905 (H. W. W.); New Haven, 11 July, 1920 CBW). 3 Aug. 1905 (CH. L. V.) 3; Stratford, o July, 1920 (B) HW); Westville, 27 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). CdC€Sar Fic. 73. Lopidea media Say,—male Fic. 74. Lopidea caesar Reuter, genital claspers, (a) left clasper, dor- —male genital claspers, (a) left sal aspect, (c) right clasper, posterior clasper, dorsal aspect, (b) right aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing clasper, internal lateral aspect, (d) by Dr. H. H. Knight. left clasper, posterior aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. L. media (Say). Capsus media Say, Heter. N. Harm., 22, 1832; Compl. Writ., i, 341, 1859. Ent News, xxix, 210, pl. 13, fig. 1, 1918. Male: Length 5.6mm., width 1.7mm.; orange-red to bright red, scutellum and rather broadly either side of commissure, darkened more or less with fuscous, the reddish always showing through the infuscation; legs fusco-brownish to blackish, femora exhibiting one or two rows of darker spots both above and below ; genital claspers (fig. 73), very distinctive of the species. Female: Length 5.7mm., width 1.8mm.; usually colored very similarly to the male but sometimes with the embolium and outer edge of cuneus pale or white as in heidemanmns. Breeds on Solidago rugosa, and probably other plants. New ‘Haven,-9 June, 1905 (B. H. W.); Portland, 14 July, 1014 (M. P. Z.); Rainbow, 30 June, 1914 (B. H. W.); South Meriden, 6 July, noway CE. WW. J!));\ Woodbury, 14 July, 1913, (CW. E. B.):. L. caesar (Reuter). Lomatopleura caesar Reuter, Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, 67, 1876. 506 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Ent. News, xxix, 212, pl. 13, fig. 4, 1918. Male: Length 7mm., width 2.2mm.; color deep carmine red, darkened with fuscous on scutellum and more or less broadly each side of commissure; front of head, base of vertex, antennae, and membrane dark fuscous to black; legs and venter dark fuscous through which a tinge of red is apparent; genital claspers (fig. 74), distinctive of the species. Antennae: Segment i, length 80 mm., width .1omm.; 11, 2.8mm., thickness .cg mm., tapering on apical half to more slender at apex, black and rather thickly clothed with recumbent coarse hairs as in segment i; ili, 1.66 mm., slender, finely pubescent; iv, .64mm., more slender than iii. Female: Length 7.9 mm., width 2.66mm.; color and structure of antennae similar to that of the male. Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Portland, 14 July, 1914 (M. P. Z.), 10 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.). Fic. 75. Lopidea reuteri Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (b) right clasper, dorsal aspect, (f£) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. L. reuteri Knight. Ent. News, xxviii, 450, fig. 5, 1917. Male: Length 7.1 mm., width 2.54 mm.; color a vivid carmine red, fuscous on calli, scutellum, and bordering the commissure; very similar to caesar but not so broadly fuscous on corium and cuneus; genital claspers (fig. 75) distinctive of the species. Antennae: Segment i, length .65mm., thickness .17mm.; ii, 2.42mm., greatest thickness “TZ mam, tapering from middle to more slender at apex; ili, 1.6 mm., linear and slender; iv, .60 mm. ; black, first two segments clothed with prominent coarse hairs; almost identical in structure to caesar. Female: Length 6.9 mm., width 2.5mm.; structurally and in color very similar to the male; very similar to the female of caesar which species rarely has the calli darkened and usually has less fuscous shading on the scutellum. Breeds on witchhazel (Hamamelis virginiana). {assachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 507 L. staphyleae Knight. Ent. News, xxviii, 460, fig. 4, 1917. Male: Length 6.5 mm., width 2.05 mm.; orange-yellow, fuscous on calli, narrowly at base of pronotum, scutellum, apical two-thirds of clavus, inner half of corium, and membrane; antennae, tylus, two bars on front, base of head, rostrum, and legs, black; the fuscous shading on the dorsum much paler than in robiniae ; genital claspers (fig. 76), distinctive of the species. Antennae: Segment i, length .71 mm., thickness .15 mm.; ii, 2:48 mm., thick- ness .10 mm., tapering slightly smaller on apical half ; 111, 1.82 mm., slender and almost linear; iv, .52 mm. Female: Length 6.8 mm., width 2.2mm.; similar to the male in structure and coloration, but usually slightly larger. Sometimes very similar in size and coloration to the female of confluens; but the length of antennal segment 1 in confiuens is shorter than the width of vertex, while in staphyleae its length is as great as, or slightly longer than, the width of vertex. Food plant: American bladder nut (Staphylea trifolia). New York. slaphyleae Fic. 76. Lopidea staphyleae Fic. 77. Lopideainstabtlis Reuter, — Knight,—male genital claspers, maie genital claspers, (a) left clasper, (b) right clasper, dorsal aspect, dorsal aspect, (b) right clasper, dor- (ae iets clasper, “posterior sal aspect, (f£) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. by Dr. DW. Hy Knight *L. staphyleae var. sanguinea Knight. Ent. News, xxviii, 461, 1917. Male: Size, structure of the antennae and male genital clasper not differing appreciably from the typical staphyleae, but the yellow coloration replaced by bright red. Female: Similar to the male in structure and coloration; very much resembling the females of reutert and caesar, but the more slender form of the antennae will serve to distinguish this variety. In Minnesota the writer has taken a large series of this variety 508 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. on Staphylea trifolia but not a single specimen of the typical species. Mount Carmel, 24 July, 1904 (W. E. B.). L. instabilis (Reuter). Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, 72, 1900. Male: Length 5.4mm., width 2.02 mm.; bright red, apical half of clavus and inner half of corium darkened with fuscous; mem- brane uniformly blackish; tibiae blackish, becoming reddish at base; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 77). Antennae: segment i, length .58 mm., thickness .o8 mm.; i, 1.8mm., greatest thickness (.07 mm.) at middle and tapering to smaller at each end; iii, 1.19 mm., slender; iv, .52mm.; black, first two segments clothed with moderately short black hairs. Female: Length 6mm., width 2.4mm.; similar to the male in coloration and in structure of the antennae. District of Columbia, Maryland. marginals i Fic. 78. Lopidea marginalis Reuter,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (b) right clasper, dorsal aspect, (f) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. L. marginalis (Reuter). Acta. Soc. Sci. Fenn., sxaxve, Noi2,72) T000: Male: Length 6mm., width 2.2mm.; very similar in form and coloration to instabilis but usually with the embolium pale and the scutellum darkened with fuscous; genital claspers distinctive o1 the species (fig. 78). In some specimens the embolium may be bright red as in instabilis, but usually the scutellum, calli, and base of head are distinctly blackish. Female: Length 6.6mm., width 2.5mm.; very similar to the male in structure and in coloration. This form was originally described as a variety of imstabilis but proves on examination of the genital claspers to be a distinct species. New Haven, 7 Aug., 1905 (W. F. B.). No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 509 Tribe ORTHOTYLINI. Key to Genera. Pronotal disk transversely sulcate behind the calli and extending over the sides; calli distinctly arched, separated by a depression 2 Pronotal disk without transverse sulcus; calli not so distinctly MEIC mre eAmice saps folate Helis chyd CoE a alte eile las vaiela) Syale ehstied che oma eM oi EIR cets 3 Lengih of antennal segment i never exceeding width of vertex plus an eye; female with antennal segment ii distinctly thickened apically, usually brachypterous; black species with paler mark-- TSAYSRS): , Wilts Ak aE Ra aa a a a (p. 510) Globiceps - Length of antennal segment 1 nearly equaling width of head, thicker on basal half and tapering apicaily; antennal segment ii linear in DOLMMSEXCS cu OT ECM SPECIES! "i. ose. y aisle 62 24 She sie § [ Blepharidopterus | Pronotal disk immarginate although sometimes forming a rather sharp angle; antennal segment 11 linear; vertex scarcely margined and never fitting closely against front margin of pronotum ..... 4 Pronotal disk margined at sides; antennal segment ii incrassate, fusiform, segment i111 thickened but more slender than ii; vertex strongly margined, fitting closely against anterior margin of pro- notum; clothed with closely appressed, scale-like pubescence, and intermixed with erect fine hairs .......... (p. 524) Heterocordylus Antennal segment i with black line on each side, and connected beneath near apex; eyes elongate as seen from above, their inner margins parallel; color white or greenish, clothed with rather lonleanwibite PUbDeSCENCE: os. elosr ease Dae oso bien a S's (p. 523) Reuteria Antennal segment i never marked with longitudinal black lines; eyes not so elongate when seen from above, their inner margins UNE CeITCO Meee value Mehcs ce beats Siete se“ wid iar lateral gar es sh rabavenonel gteoaneteleuaes 5 Head inclined, when viewed from the side not or scarcely projecting belommpase ot head: sexesusimilar (3603 Jo 5 asisd Seislaiyee Siveiemee 6 Head vertical, strongly compressed apically, when seen from the side, projecting below base of head for a distance equal to one- half its height at base; pronotum sinuate at base and slightly so at the sides; male and female very dissimilar; female short winged, the abdomen very broad, macropterous forms rare .... (p. 510) Mecomma Head not distinctly compressed apically, vertex margined although sometimes ecarinate; width of pronotum distinctly greater than width of head; vertex when black, never with a pale spot at ACMI CH ree ie aust do wl siete G5 eh ifoltaa oh ayal'gia, G00 lgenonere ehehs tortie ehey ar 7 Head strongly compressed apically, vertex immarginate, declivitous behind; basal width of pronotum very little greater than width of head; usually a small pale spot each side of vertex .......... (p. 511) Cyrtorhinus Eyes set close to pronotal angles and nearly forming a straight line RVAMIDASC KOT VCEUCK bee cle Se ecb oic ele ele w dull sie ere euaNhlle shel eeu Palen ney elt Eyes rounded behind, thus bringing the center of eyes near middie of head and away from pronotal angles. Small, delicate, trans- lucent palesereen SpeCies! i. 22). 2.0. ties Saletan (p. 522) Diaphnidia Xyphus moderately sulcate, sides V-shaped; rostrum extending beyond hind margin of mesosternum; pubescence frequently of two types, but in such case the rostrum extends beyond meso- sternum; vertex carinate but sometimes rather obtusely so, never DESEE AWA bIASPyNATIS) Urs. dciap cle: lasakern enue ocuelene (p. 511) Orthotylus Xyphus deeply excavated, sides U-shaped and elevated into a high carina; rostrum scarcely attaining hind margin of mesosternum ; pubescence composed of two kinds of hairs, a closely appressed Fite. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. scale-like type and interspersed with more erect pubescent hairs; vertex ecarinate but basal margin beset with bristly hairs, an alutaceous glabrous spot each side bordering eye; general aspect very similar to certain species of PAyiocoris .:....0..2) eee (p. 523) Noctuocoris n. gen. Globiceps Le Peletier and Serville. G. dispar (Boheman). Cyllecoris dispar Boheman, Ofv. Kong]. Vet.-Akad., ix, 72, 1852. Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., iii, 397, pl. 3, fig. 1, 1883. Saunders, Hem. Het. Brit. Isds., 281, 1802. Male: Length 4.3 mm., width 1.14 mm.; black, vertex with pale spot at each side; hemelytra fuscous but translucent, base of corium, somewhat invading clavus, and cuneus except dusky apex, pale translucent; membrane pale fuscous, veins slightly darker ; legs and basal half of antennal segment i, yellowish, tarsi and hind tibiae dusky; calli distinctly convex or gibbus, margins of pronotal disk sharply flaring at basal angles. Female (macropterous): Length 4.3mm., width 1.17 mm., hemelytra extending well beyond apex of abdomen as in the male; head nearly globose, eyes scarcely raised from general outline of front and vertex; colored similarly to male. Head: Width .89 mm., vertex .42mm. Antennae: Segment i, length .39 mm., yellowish, scarcely darker apically; u, 1.57mm., apical half Soe clavate (.14 mm. thick), black, basal half brownish black ; .ot mm., yellowish, dusky apically; iv, .43 mm., fuscous. ine (brachypterous): Length 3.2 mm., width of abdomen I.5mm.; very similar to the macropterous form except hemelytra and abdomen; hemelytra attaining base of third abdominal seg- ment, fuscous, large spot near base and apex pale, tips turned slightly upward; abdomen subglobose, black, shining, pleural fold prominent; antennal segment i1 pale on basal half, clavate portion black. Reported from England as occurring at the bases of grasses in moist situations. New Hampshire, Canada. Mecomma Fieber. M. gilvipes (Stal). Leptomerocoris gilvipes Stal, Stet. Ent. Zeit., xix, 187, 1858. Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., iii, 386, pl. 2, ae 6, 1883. Male: Length 4.5 mm., width 1.4mm.; black; hemelytra much longer than body, pale, fuscous on clavus and slightly darkened elsewhere; legs pale yellowish. Female: Length 2.7mm., width of abdomen 1.5 mm.;_ black, brachypterous ; segment i of antennae and base of 111 pale, segment ii slightly thicker toward apex, clothed with long pubescence; legs large in proportion to the body, pale yellowish; pronotum nearly No. B40] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 511 quadrate, anterior angles rounded; calli large; rounded, rather indistinct, two punctures set close together just between; hem- elytra short and rounded, extending only to middle of abdomen, yellowish translucent, hind wings appear as mere pads beneath. Maine, New Hampshire, New York. Cyrtorhinus Fieber. C. caricis Fallen var. vagus Knight, new variety. Smaller and darker colored than caricis Fallen; hemelytra fuscous, translucent, slightly paler along embolium but not distinctly greenish. Male: Length 2.8 mm., width 1.2mm. Head: Width .60mm., vertex .32mm.; black, shining, pale spots on vertex scarcely apparent. Rostrum, length .78mm., scarcely attaining hind margins of middle coxae, pale, blackish at apex. mmtemiae.. segment 1) length .27-mm., black, apex pale; ‘ii, 82mm., black. Pronotum: Length .34mm., width at base Imm. Hemelytra: uniformly fuscous, slightly paler along embolium; cuneus and membrane uniformly pale fuscous. Legs: Pale, coxae, hind femora except base and more narrowly at apex, fuscous. This is the form which the writer has previously recorded as caricis Fallen, but on comparison with limited material from Europe, it cannot be said that the forms are identical. Therefore, it seems best to give this American form a varietal name in order to avoid confusion in identity. A specimen is at hand from Colo- rado which in size, color, and other characteristics, agrees with a single specimen of caricis Fallen (Reuter determination) from Finland, and therefore the record for that species must still hold good for North America. Holotype: Male, to Sept., 1917, Rockaway Beach, Long Island, N. Y. (W. A. Hoffman) ; author’s collection. Paratypes: Males and females (8), taken with type. New Jrersey—Female, 30 Sept., Lakehurst (Wm. T. Davis). New York—Females (3), Aug., Sept, Sea Cliff (Nathan Banks). Vircinria—Male, 13 Aug., 1915, Oceanview (V. A. Roberts). Orthotylus Fieber. Key to Species. I. Pubescence composed of two types of hairs; dorsum with closely appressed scale-like hairs and intermixed with more erect pubes-- CCMA ATT. een SK any SNe ol aiisl sie. ae w/a. stellen dee reiWl did te Gkeivellan «poem Mpa Maney as 2 Pubescence composed of a single type of hair; dorsum with erect DUDESCEME MAI SOM Lyi iio oii. as al aie 9b lalaia levees Mune ace AM Aba atl mete Mags Oe 2. Veins and areoles green, antennae green ........ (p. 513) flavosparsus Veins and areoles infuscated, antennae infuscated apically ........ (p. 514) concolor 3. Ground color green, dark markings if present not clouding the CO Lp LTT eR Nee ie yc aie he gh baa a teh eteOay icke enees Panis ora Tai hey et cneent Useags Ground color pale testaceous to black, sometimes greenish but in that case the hemelytra marked with fuscous and black areas .. 7 512 NI 10. Il. 12. ite 14. Ty; CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Small, length 3.8 mm.; membrane pale, veins about areoles green; antennal segments i and i yellowish, #22 =n. (p. 514) chlorionis Larger, length 4.5mm. or more; membrane more or less infus- cated, veins sometimes green but in such case antennal segment i distinctly blackish Tvlus with small fuscous spot at base; antennal segment i yellow- ish to green, sometimes infuscated but when dark the membrane distinctly fuscous, or the calli practically flat and devoid of basal IMPTESSION ~ s s-wiws ove pee yo toe alete eee Oe 6 Tylus without small fuscous spot at base; antennal segment i fuscous to black; membrane pale, veins about areoles green; calli moderately convex, an impressed line along basal margin; pubescence pale but rather coarse and prominent... ..2..2 23.2 (p. 515) basicornis n. sp. Membrane pale, sometimes fumate basally, clavus never infuscated (p. 519) viridis Membrane uniformly fuscous; corium uniformly green, clavus sometimes with a dusky cloud ...modestus var. immaculatus n. var. Form small, ovate; color a uniform whitish-testaceous, hemelytra translucent, head and callosites tinged with yellowish (p. 513) catulus Form more elongate; hemelytra with fuscous areas, or at times Heanhy Diack: as Sec. Stent aoe era ee ee ae ee WE Color pale testaceous, hemelytra translucent and with fuscous markings very faint or nearly lacking in female; median line of head and scutellum, lateral margins of pronotum, and sides of body, black; antennae blackish, membrane slightly infuscated, VG 11S. DRO Valie operant eevee tere cee ys hen ea (p. 517) candidatus Ground color sometimes pale greenish or yellowish but dark mark- ings of hemelytra distinct; other markings not as the above, sometimes the whole insect may become nearly black ........... 9 Dorsum brownish black, slenderly pale only at base of corium and embolium, slightly translucent at base of cuneus; median line of pronotal disk and sometimes continued upon scutellum, pale; Leta la 0:8 tration ese en ete en ope is acres sets ee (p. 517) necopinus Hemelytra with more than slender base of corium and embolium pale; length usually less than 6mm. (remainder of key for females only, see figures of genital claspers for males) ......... 10 Female pronotum with lateral margins black, disk broadly pale or fulvous, sometimes with only median line pale ................:. II Female pronotum with lateral margins pale or greenish, disk usually blackish and frequently with median line pale .................. 15 Pronotal disk with fulvous, sometimes the hemelytra also fulvous 12 Pronotal disk with pale or greenish ......:.......-5.933ee eee 13 Hemelytra black, a broad pale stripe extending full length of corium and connecting with pale cuneus; legs fulvous, apical half of, ‘hind -femora tblackishr. oa. eae sce eens (p. 516) knighti Hemelytra chiefly fulvous or salmon colored; blackish each side of commissure and on embolium ........... (p. 518) submarginatus Pronotal disk broadly pale, scutellum black; basal half of corium and embolium, and slenderly bordering base of cuneus, pale; transversely blackish across apical haif of hemelytra but leaving costal margin slenderly pale; membrane and apical half of cuneus uniformly dare tuscols:. ee (p. 516) cruciatus Pronotal disk and hemelytra not so broadly pale ................. i4 Embolium and outer margin of corium pale greenish, translucent; median: line of scutellum™palewemeer ene ss 6 i wile (p. 522) serus Corium blackish at outer margin except at base; scutellum black (p. 521) alni n. sp. Hind femora blackish except basally, scutellum broadly pale; clavus, apical half of corium, calli, and usually pronotal disk No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 513 except median line and side margins, blackish; usually the paler parts of the dorsum tinged with reddish ........... (p. 519) ornatus Femora greenish, sometimes the scutellum broadly pale but in such CASE HEINOLARNEV EL. GAtks vain aere ure Helal ral MM Rania ANE Ni 16 16. Pronotal disk with blackish rays each side of median line and thus connecting calliiwith basal’ mar out ye elec sO venga wana NE SSG! 1, Pronotal disk transversely pale behind calli, both the calli and basal margin of disk blackish but never joined to form rays each side of median line, dark color sometimes obsolete ....(p. 519) modestus 17. Smaller, length 5.2mm.; veins paler than infuscation of mem- brane; corium with inner apical half infuscated but the pale color of basal half extending along clavai suture and thus tending to separate dark color of corium from that of clavus (p. 520) dorsalis Larger, length 5.8mm.; veins uniformly infuscated as the mem- brane; corium with inner apical half blackish, pale color of basal half not penetrating along claval suture to separate black of COMUMrEOM tat OL ClAVUS \s os, «hors ole stuns (p. 515) neglectus n. sp. Evie fi see US Fic. 79. Orthotylus catulus Van Fic. 80. Orthotylus flavosparsus Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) Sahlberg,—male genital claspers, left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly rightclasper, lateralaspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Knight. O. catulus Van Duzee. Enocs Gal, Acad. Sci.,)ser. 4, vi, 106, 1916, Male: Length 4.2 mm., width 1.64 mm.; in form suggestive of Megalocoleus but the arolia similar to species of Orthotylus; uni- formly whitish-testaceous or testaceo-grayish, head and calli tinged with yellowish; hemelytra sometimes slightly infuscated, mem- brane pale fumate; dorsum clothed with erect, moderately sparse dusky pubescence; genital claspers distinctive of the species (fig. 79). an Female: Length 4.1 mm., width 1.66mm.; very similar to the male but in form more robust. Breeds on Gnaphalium uliginosum. Branford, 20 uy, 1905 (H. W. W.); Mount Carmel (Hamden), 25 May, 1906 (Bi BN) QO. flavosparsus (Sahlberg). Phytocoris flavosparsus Sahlberg, Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., 1, 411, 1842. Proc; Cal. Acad: Sci., ser. 4, vi, 07, 1916. Male: Length 4.2mm., width 1.4mm.; oblong-ovate; clear green, becoming yellowish on callosities, head and lower surface; membrane slightly infumed, the areoles and veins green. 17 514 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: Similar to the male but slightly more robust. Food plant: Chenopodium album. New Canaan, 29 Sept., 1909 (W. E. B.); New Haven, 26 July, 1005 (H..L. V.), 14 June, 1920 (W. E. B.); South Meriden; 16° Julyaarors (H. L. J.); Stratford, 9 July, 1920. (B. H. W.); Stratford, 21 Julyagnocs CVV ie a)e O. concolor (Kirschbaum). : Capsus concolor Kirschbaum, Jhrb. Ver. Nat. Herz. Nassau, x, 240, 315, 1855. Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., iti, 366, 553, 1883. Male: Length 4.6mm., width 1.5mm.; deep green, head and femora tinged with yellowish, membrane uniformly infuscated ; antennal segment 11 strongly yellowish, infuscated apically, seg- ments 111 and iv blackish; clothed with erect black hairs, longest on head and anteriorly on pronotum, but pronotum, scutellum, and basally on hemelytra also clothed with closely appressed, silvery scale-like hairs. Female: Length 4.2 mm., width 1.66mm.; very similar to the male but more robust. Massachusetts. ey i 1 , y — t Lae i} \ eee or chlorionis Fic. 81. Orthotylus concolor Fic. 82. Orthotylus chlorionis Kirschbaum,—male genital claspers, Say,—male genital claspers, (a) (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Here Knioht: Dr. H. A: ‘Knight, O. chlorionis (Say). : Capsus chlorionis Say, Heter, N. Harm., 25, 1832; Compl. Writ., 1, 346, 1850. Proc. Cal. Acad Sct) /sers 45 vi; OSs 1010: Male: Length 3.8mm., width .61mm.; clear green, clothed with minute fuscous hairs, apparently destitute of pale scale-like hairs; membrane pale, veins only green; abdomen reaching to near apex of cuneus. Female: Similar to the male but slightly more robust. Occurs on honey locust (Gleditsia tricanthos). New Haven, 22 June, 1905 (H. L. V.); Noroton, 21 June, 1913 (Av)H: Renshaw). No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. Cave Orthotylus basicornis Knight, new species. Male: Length 5.6mm., width 1.66 mm.; very similar to viridis but distinguished by the genital claspers (fig. 83), black antennal segment i, green veins about areoles, and by the more prominent, rather coarse pale pubescence. Female: Length 5.7 mm., width 1.77 mm.; uniformly green like the male but slightly more robust; antennal segment 1 slightly paler but still distinctly blackish. Breeds on Salix longifolia. Holotype: Male, 10 Aug., 1916, Batavia, N. Y. (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: Female, topotypic. ItLtinoIs—Female, 30 June, 1906, male, 15 July (at light), Chicago; female, 24 July, 1908 (W. J. Gerhard). Males (4) and female, 2 July, 1917, Free- port (J. R. Malloch). MicuHican—Male, 21 June, 1919, Berrien County (R. F. Hussey). Minnesota—Males (14) and females (7), 12 July, 19109, Hennepin County (H. H. Knight), on Salix longifolia. Males (2) and females (2), 6 July, male, 10 July, University Farm, St. Paul (H. H. Knight), collected at light. Males and females (72), 18 July, 1922, Ramsey County; males and females (98), 1 July, 1922, Winona County (H. H. Knight). Qursec—Female, 19 July, 1914, Hull (J. L. Beaulne). Male and females (2), 28 July, 1915, Roberval (G. Beaulieu). / ae iH negleclus| b ; re eee aASICOrNns ze Fic. 83. Orthotylus basicornis Fic. 84. Orthotylus neglectus Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) mieht™ —clasper, © lateral aspect. right clasper;, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. H.. Knight *O. neglectus Knight, new species. Male: Length 5.4mm., width 1.75mm.; color pattern very similar to dorsalis but the genital claspers (fig. 84) indicate that it is more closely related to basicornis and knightt; black, rostrum except apex, slender lateral margin of pronotal disk, cuneus, embolium, and outer margin of corium, greenish; legs greenish, darkened at base of coxae and tips of tarsi; membrane and veins uniformly blackish. Rarely, pale forms may occur having median line of pronotum and scutellum pale. 516 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: Length 5.8mm., width I.9mm.; more robust than the male, usually more broadly pale; pronotal disk with blackish stripe each side of median line, extending from basal margin up to and including the calli; scutellum with median line pale; clavus black, corium with inner apical half blackish, pale color of basal half not penetrating along claval suture to separate black of corium from that of clavus. Breeds on Salix nigra. Holotype: Male, 3 July, 1920, McLean Bogs, Tompkins County, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as type. Paratypes: CoNNeEcTiIcuT—Females (2), 5 June, 1921, Cornwall (B. H. Walden). New Yorx—Males (14) and females (8), 27 June, 1916, Honeoye Falls (H. H. Knight). “Male, 1 July, 1917, Cranberry Lake (C. J. Drake). Nova Scotra—Females (2), 13 July, 1913, Truro (R. Matheson); these sae more broadly pale, the scutellum and pronotal disk with median me pale. cructalus Fic. 85. Orthotylus knightt Van Fic. 86. Orthotylus cruciatus Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) Van Duzee,—male genital left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right claspers, (a) left clasper, lat- clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly en- eral aspect, (c) right clasper, larged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Knight. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. O. knighti Van Duzee. Proc; Cal Acad: Sci., ser.4, viv 12 1Onb: Male: Length 5.4 mm., width 1.58 mm.; black, spot on pronotal disk, legs except apical half of hind femora, fulvous; a broad pale stripe extending full length of corium and connecting with pale cuneus, in darker specimens somewhat obscured; genital claspers distinctive of the species (fig. 85). Female: Length 5.4mm., width 1.66mm.; very similar to the male but more robust; pronotum more broadly fulvous. Food plant: Populus candicans. New York. O. cruciatus Van Duzee. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, vi, 119, 1916. Male: Length 5.7mm., width 1.7mm.; pronotal disk broadly No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 517 pale, scutellum black; basal half of corium and embolium, and slenderly bordering base of. cuneus, pale; transversely blackish across apical half of hemelytra but leaving costal margin slenderly pale ; membrane and apical half of cuneus uniformly dark fuscous ; genital claspers (fig. 86) distinctive of the species. emale; | Wength 5.6 mm.,. width 1:72mm.; differing very slightly from the male, sometimes more broadly pale. Farmington, 19 June, 1919 (M. P. Z.); Hamden, 18 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Hartford, 25 June, 1914 (W. M.); New Haven, 23 June, 1911 CAMB AIC): QO. necopinus Van Duzee. Broc.Cal!’ Acad. Sci.,ser. 4, vi, 125, 1016. Male: Length 6.6 mm., width 2.11 mm.;. brownish black, juga, vertex and extending along front of eyes, median line of pronotal disk and frequently extending upon scutellum, base of embolium and slenderly at base of radius, bordering cuneal fracture, pale to pale translucent; basal half of venter beneath and coxae, pale; femora and tibiae testaceous to fuscous; genital claspers (fig. 87) distinctive of the species. Female: Length 6.8mm., width 2.2mm.; very similar to the male but frequently more broadly pale. Breeds on Betula lutea but only in cool, damp, shaded situations. New Hampshire, New York. ‘. 2 candidatus necopinus Fic. 87. Orthotylus necopinus Fic. 88. Orthotylus candidatus Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) night) iclasper, ‘lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. O. candidatus Van Duzee. Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right clasper, «lateral . aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Hr Knee: roc: @al. Acad. 'Sct., ser. 4, Vi, 124, 1916. Female: Length 4.5 mm., width 1.53mm.; testaceous, some- times tinged with fulvous; sides of body, median line of head and scutellum, black; antennal segments iii and iv, and apex of u, brownish black; membrane pale, fumate bordering veins. Male: Length 4.3 mm., width 1.3mm.; more slender than the female but very similar in coloration, although the pronotum and 518 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. scutellum somewhat more broadly black; head and antennae black, vertex with pale spot each side bordering the eye. Genital claspers (fig. 88) very distinctive, in fact indicating that this species should not be placed in this section of the genus Orthotylus. Food plant: American aspen (Populus tremuloides). Originally described from a single female specimen collected on Mt. Washington, N. H., by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. In Minnesota, the writer has collected nymphs and adults on aspen (Populus tremuloides) but only on certain trees found along the shore of Lake Superior, just north of Two Harbors. Other trees of the same species, standing only a few feet back from the edge of the high bank which forms the shore line, did not produce specimens of candidatus. Mt. Washington, N. H., Minnesota. Cc C submarginalu : ; 7 is ” ornalus Fic. 89. Orthotylus submargi- Fig. 90. Orthotylus ornatus natus Say,—male genital claspers, Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly right clasper, lateral aspect. enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Knight. H. H. Knight. O. submarginatus (Say). Capsus submarginatus Say, Heter. N. Harm., 23, 1832: Compl. Writ., 1, 344, 1859. Proc. Cal. Acad: Sci., ser. 4, vi/-123; 01010: Male: Length 4.6mm., width 1.33 mm.; dorsum pale salmon yellow, antennae, front of head, lateral margins of pronotal disk, scutellum, rather broadly each side of commissure, embolium and invading corium apically, apex of cuneus, and membrane, blackish or black; rostrum except apex, and legs chiefly, pale; hind femora dusky, the tibiae more nearly black. Female: Length 4.8mm., width 1.44mm.; very similar to the male but more broadly salmon yellow above; venter white beneath, the dorso-lateral margin black; ostiolar peritreme fuscous, epimera and sternum beneath blackish. Breeds on Robinia pseudacacia. strattornd, 9 July; 1020°.¢38; Ei: Wie No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 519 O. ornatus Van Duzee. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, vi, 122, 1916. Male: Length 5.6 mm., width 1.78 mm.; chiefly black or brown- ish black, tip of scutellum, basal angles of corium, pale to pale translucent; membrane fuscous, veins and spot on middle of apical half, slightly paler; legs pale to dusky, femora brownish black, the hind pair darker; genital claspers (fig. 90) distinctive of the species. Female: Length 6mm., width 2.05 mm.; chiefly pale, tinged with reddish and varied with fuscous; base of tylus and spot just above, sometimes an arc on front, basal margin of calli, pronotal disk except median line and lateral margins, basal angles of scutel- lum, apical half of corium, and clavus somewhat, fuscous to black- ish; antennae pale fusco-brownish, segment i darker; hind femora brownish black. Sometimes this sex may be more broadly blackish and the paler parts not at all tinged with reddish. Breeds on Salix fragilis. Cornwall, 5 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). O. viridis Van Duzee. Gordan cad. \SCi:, Ser 4, Vi, 103, TO10. Male: Length 4.6mm., width 1.47 mm.; pale green, with head, pronotum anteriorly, embolium, and femora, yellowish, base of tylus with small fuscous spot; antennae yellowish, segments 1, 11, and iv, darkened with pale fuscous; membrane pale to fumate basally; genital claspers (fig. 91) distinctive of the species. Female: Length 5mm., width 1.58mm.; very similar to the male in coloration but in form more robust. Breeds on Salix. Guilford, 13° July, roz0 (B, H. W.). O. modestus Van Duzee. Broce: Gal, Acad. Sci., ser. 4, vi, 100, 10916. Male: Length 4.4mm., width 1.44mm.; fuscous to blackish, head and paler parts of hemelytra tinged with yellowish; embolium pale, base of corium and continuing rather broadly along radius, and cuneus, greenish yellow; membrane uniformly infuscated, the veins scarcely paler; antennae fusco-brownish, segment 1 darker ; genital claspers (fig. 92) distinctive of the species. Female: Length 4.5 mm., width 1.47mm.; pale greenish, legs darker, dorsum marked with blackish; antennae, spot at base of tylus, transversely across base of calli, basal margin of pronotal disk but not attaining lateral angles, basal angles, and spot on median line at base of scutellum, clavus except basal angles, and spot on inner apical angle of corium, fuscous to black; membrane uniformly dark fuscous. Breeds on Salix fragilis and S. mgra. New York. 520 CONNECTICUT GEOL. ” viridis Fic. 91. Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. “modeslus Fic. 92. Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. O. modestus var. immaculatus Knight, new variety. Structurally not distinguishable from the typical modestus but uniformly green in color; corium always immaculate but some- times the clavus with a dusky cloud; membrane uniformly fuscous ; genital claspers similar to those of modestus. Holotype: Male, 19 July, 1916, Batavia, N. Y. (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Paratypes: Females (5), taken with type. New YorxK— Female, 2 Aug., 1916, Honeoye Falls (H. H. Knight). Male and female, 5 July, Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island (H. M. Parshley). ONtTarto— Male, 15 July, male, 21 July, 1914, Ottawa (G. Beaulieu). dorsalis) Fic. 93. Orthotylus dorsalis Provancher,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. O. dorsalis (Provancher). Lygus dorsalis Provancher, Nat. Can., iv, 104, 1872. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci: ser. 4) vi: 110s 1000: Male: Length 4.9 mm., width 1.49 mm.; elongate, costal mar- gins of hemelytra nearly parallel; black, cuneus, embolium, corium basally and extending rather broadly along radius, greenish trans- lucent, frequently median line of pronotum paler; rostrum except No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 521 apex and legs green, coxae paler ; membrane fuscous, veins slightly paler. Female: Length 5.2 mm., width 1.6mm.; pale green to greenish yellow, juga, arc or spot each side of front, stripe each side of median line and extending from inner basal angles of calli to basal margin of disk, scutellum except median line (usually), clavus except basally, large spot on inner apical angles of corium, dark fuscous to black; pale color of corium extending along claval suture and thus tending to separate dark color of apical area from that of clavus; membrane infuscated but veins distinctly paler ; body with lateral black stripe, more distinct on propleura, some- times quite reduced on venter; legs green, femora more yellowish, tip of rostrum and apices of tarsi blackish. This description and figures are drawn from specimens deter- mined as dorsalis Provancher by Mr. Van Duzee in 1916, while working on a monograph of the genus Orthotylus. Breeds on Salix. , Hamden, 11 June, 1921 (B. H. W.); Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (P. G.); North Branford, 13 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). - - Fic. 94. Orthotylus alni Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Orthotylus alni Knight, new species. Male: Length 6.1 mm., width 1.7mm.; black, slenderly border- ing front margin of eyes, median vitta on basal half of pronotal disk, bordering radial vein to beyond middle of corium, spot at base of cuneus, pale to translucent; rostrum except apex, and legs, dark green; tarsi, knees, and apically on tibiae, fuscous or blackish; membrane and veins uniformly dark fuscous. Female: Length 5.6 mm., width 1.83 mm.; very little paler than the male, vitta on pronotal disk sometimes broader, embolium at base and the cuneus more broadly translucent. Food plant: Alnus rugosa. Holotype: Male, 3 July, 1920, McLean- Bogs, Tompkins County, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as. type. Paratypes: New York—Males (2) and females (18), taken with the types. Maine—Male, 15 July, 1909, Eastport (C. W. Johnson). 522 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. O. serus Van Duzee. Proc. Cal. Acad.’ Sci., ser. 4, xi, 181, 1021. Male: Length 5.3 mm., width 1.58mm.; black, median line of pronotal disk and scutellum, pale; embolium, outer margin of corium and cuneus, pale greenish, translucent; genae, gula, buc- culae, rostrum except apex, sternum, and legs, greenish yellow; membrane and veins uniformly dark fuscous. Female: Length 5.56mm., width 1.61mm.; very similar to male in form and coloration; hemelytra with costal margins nearly parallel; sometimes the pronotal disk, vertex, and front bordering eyes, more broadly pale than male. Breeds on Crataegus and cultivated apple. New York. See SErUS ee Fic. 95. Orthotylus serus Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Diaphnidia Uhler. D. pellucida Uhler. Uhler, Hemiptera Colo., 44, 1895. Length 4.3 mm., width 1.4mm.; uniformly pellucid greenish white, the antennae included; eyes and tips of tarsi fuscous. Food plants: Apple, Ostrya virginiana, and probably other plants. New Haven, 7 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). D. provancheri (Burque). Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 144, 1887. Length 5mm., width 1.2mm.; pellucid greenish yellow, more green on hemelytra than elsewhere; tibiae lightly infuscated; antennal segment ii black, following segments fuscous. Food plants: White oak, and probably other plants. Massachusetts, New York. D. capitata Van Duzee. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., x, 490, 1912. No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. We Length 3mm.; pale, smaller. than pellucida; distinguished by the black head and fuscous basal segment of the antennae. Food plant: Witchhazel (Hamamelis virginiana). Wong Tsland; N.Y: Reuteria Puton. R. irrorata (Say). Compl. Writ., i, 346, 1859. Length 4.3 mm., width 1.5mm.; pale whitish, usually marked with marbled green spots; distinguished by the longitudinal black marks on antennae. Food plants: Basswood (Tilia), and white oak (Quercus). New York. Noctuocoris Knight, new genus. Arolia erect and converging at the apices as in Orthotylus; gen- eral aspect more nearly that of certain species of Phytocoris. Head distinctly oblique in female but much less so in the male; vertex ecarinate, beset with a row of erect bristles at base; an alutaceous glabrous spot each side of vertex bordering eye; clypeus large and prominent, facial angle a right angle or slightly greater; front only slightly convex. Eyes large, prominent, viewed from the side a little oblique in female, larger and more nearly vertical in male. Rostrum short, scarcely attaining hind margin of mesosternum. Pronotum moderately sloping, very little convex, sides nearly straight, forming a line which would, if projected, strike inner half of eye; callosities moderately convex, delimited behind by an impressed line which continues to an impression between the calli. Pubescence composed of two kinds of hairs, a closely appressed scale-like type, and interspersed with more erect pubescent hairs. Legs long, suggesting Phytocoris but femora not distinctly broader at base. Abdomen with a lateral line formed by a series of impressed glabrous spots, one on each segment (genital segments excepted) situated just below the spiracle; both sexes with abdomen reaching to about middle of cuneus. Genital claspers distinctive in type (fig. 96). Genotype: Orthotylus fumidus Van Duzee. N. fumidus (Van Duzee). Proc Gal. vAcad. Sci. ser. 4, vi). 127, 1916: Male: Length 5.7 mm., width 1.7 mm.; color uniformly fuscous- brown, slender apex of scutellum pale; clothed with sericeous, closely appressed, silvery and black, scale-like pubescence, and interspersed with more erect pubescent hairs, longer and more bristly at anterior margin of pronotum and on head; anterior face of femora with a more or less broken fuscous line, dorsal margin at base and frequently the posterior face with a series of dark 524 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. spots; sternum nearly black, ventral aspect of face and lower margin of propleura pale crayish ; membrane uniformly fuscous, veins slightly paler at apex of brachium; genital claspers | distinctive of the species (fig. 96). ; Female: Length 6mm., width 2 mm.; very similar to the male in coloration but in form slightly larger and more robust. In habit this species appears to be largely nocturnal; all speci- mens thus far coilected have been taken at light. Allotype: Male, 7 July, 1913, Batavia, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Minnesota, South Dakota, Colorado. L > fumidus Fic. 96. Noctuocoris fumidus Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, lateral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight, Heterocordylus Fieber. H. malinus Reuter. Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, 71, 1900. Length 5.7-6.1 mm., width 2.2 mm.; black, usually marked with red; males black, usually with a patch of red on basal angles of pronotum and on basal angles of hemelytra; clothed with very fine yellowish pubescence and intermixed with rather sparsely placed tufts of white, deciduous, tomentose pubescence. Females usually with the basal half of pronotum, embolium, inner half of corium, base and exterior margin of clavus, and cuneus, red; more rarely, entirely black as in the male. Food plants: Crataegus and apple; pest on apple in New aod New Hampshire, New York. Tribe CERATOCAPSINI. Key to Genera. 1. Pronotum anterior to middle, nearly cylindrical, rather abruptly flaring behind middle, basal half of disk strongly convex; embolar margins sulcate on basal half ............ (p. 535) Pamillia Pronotum regularly narrowed anteriorly, its sides not constricted at middle; embolar margins not distinctly sulcate ..... Ceratocapsus No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 525 10. II. 12. 13) Ceratocapsus Reuter. Key-to Species. Clothed only with simple pubescence, sometimes with prominent lonompilosenhains one LU Ns ae OUT EAA Se aOR) 2 mimedi with more erect pubescent:hairs li ee een Head largely, and the antennae, red; dorsum uniformly yellowish ; ISVS OT ui acti oo Nip enn Ra SOR PRL ONT (p. 527) lutescens Head and antennae not distinctly red; dorsum more or less GIS TILA SS OVE G LAW AY Nea Re A ED OR PR ALG URL A 3 Worsum: without tratisverse fascia.) boi. 8 2 is Ne Dorsum dark brownish, a broad pale or yellowish fascia across hemelytra just beyond tip of scutellum ........... (p. 526) fasciatus Robust; head and thorax not or scarcely darker than hemelytra; brownish black, basal half of hemelytra frequently paler; length Aloe) TONE. Sei 8 Serena sy gla St re eS a on Re (p. 527) modestus Slender; head and thorax black, hemelytra yellowish but with mMISCouS. Cloud ent corum): length Ais mm... .2..0)e. et tetas ee (p. 534) nigrocephalus n. sp. Gy) Dorsum, without, transverse pale fascia ....56¢..h..00 0506 ee 6 Dorsum dark brownish, a broad pale fascia across hemelytra just Devonal tip) Ody Sctellai Wile ho )e 2 scp ails sees (p. 526) pilosugs sp. Pronotum impunctate, somewhat alutaceous ...............++e0-- es Pronotum punctate, sometimes rather finely so yet distinct ....... 10 Dorsum sparsely clothed with fine short pubescence, sometimes with a few scattering long hairs on scutellum and hemelytra .... 8 Dorsum clothed with rather sparsely set, prominent, long erect pilose hairs; dark brownish black, legs and antennal segments i andi yellowish: length: at mim. sss so... (p. 530) Sericus n. sp. Antennal segment iii, in length, greater than width of vertex plus WOrscalMVVICHLAY Ole AM OV. Crate minions cerortotsseest asks che ccstacguts btcerniel diate s Gntnede 9 Antennal. segment iii, in length, not equal to width of vertex plus dorsal width of an eye; dorsum uniformly yellowish .......... (p. 527) luteus n. sp. Antennal segment iii, in length, not equal to width of head; thorax reddish, basal half of hemelytra paler than apical half; legs yellowish smaller, length 3.4mm"... !2...2.. (p. 529) vicinus n. sp. Antennal segment iii, in length, equal to width of head; thorax blackish, hemelytra brownish black except for small spot at basal angle of corium and embolium; legs dark reddish brown or black- ISM lancer Wien Oth iA A-AZaMI css etd. eile ele sc (p. 528) nigellus n. sp. (6) Antennal segment iii, in length, greater than width of vertex MlusedorsaliwidthyvOm ANveVe: Peat NMG U ER Mil, 4.5.) btevelane aero iy elotecnevars II Antennal segment iii, in length, not exceeding width of vertex plus @onsallawiGGlwor anveye iy care tals ay eee iar dog area suate ns ee: 13 Antennal segment iii, in length, equal to or greater than width of Fecal Renn cn Olereeay See none tae TaG acne RV ocal Mr ale ait sh ata onareon als feteuier eve etitiles 12 Antennal segment iii, in length, not equal to width of head ...... (p. 531) pumilus Smaller, length, female 2.5 mm., male 3.1 mm.; male cuneus colored similarly to corium; female ovate, brachypterous ..(p. 535) setosus Larger, length, male 4.5mm.; cuneus red, corium yellowish brown (p. 533) drakei n. sp. (10) Width of vertex greater than dorsal width of an eye; female femora greenish or yellowish, not distinctly reddish on apical half 14 Width of vertex (male) less than dorsal width of an eye; female hind femora reddish on apical half, cuneus red, corium yellowish DEOWMMELANSIUCETIE Lie vementanetariaete le ccteveraial as (p. 531) fuscinus n. sp. 526 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 14. Dorsum densely clothed with erect, rather bristly pubescence; apical half of membrane scarcely darker than basal half; basal prong of right genital clasper taking the form of a small ‘finger- like: PrOCeSS” oa.<3 ec enw Alc evo sists eee (p. 533) digitulus n. Sp. Dorsum more sparsely clothed with semierect pubescence, nearly as in pumtlus; apical half of membrane distinctly infuscated; basal process of right genital clasper taking the form of a thin chitinous plate, notched at apex, the dorsal portion drawn out to a slender point Gost totais ee ee (p. 532) incisus n. sp. C. fasciatus (Uhler). Bull. U.S. Geol. Geog. Surv., iii, 421, 1877. Length 3.2 mm., width 1.4mm.; dark chestnut brown with legs and antennae paler; hemelytra with a broad transverse pale yellowish band just beyond tip of scutellum, scarcely paler on cuneal fracture; clothed only with fine recumbent yellowish pubescence. Occurs on hickory (Carya). New York. Ceratocapsus pilosus Knight, new species. Very similar to fasciatus in size and coloration but readily dis- tinguished by the long pilose hairs on head and dorsum. Male: Length 3.4mm., width 1.3mm. Head: Width .71 mm., vertex .33 mm.; yellowish brown to dark brown, clothed with fine pubescence, the front beset with several prominent erect hairs. Rostrum, length 1.17mm., attaining hind margins of posterior coxae, brownish. Antennae: Segment i, length .28mm., thickness .10mm., yellowish; 11, 1.01 mm., tapering gradually thicker from base toward apex (.10 mm. thick), yellowish brown; iti, .64 mm., thick- ness .ogmm., brownish; iv, .48mm., thickness .o8mm., dark brown. Pronotum: Length .58mm., width at base 1.16mm.; calli scarcely apparent, transversely rugulose near anterior margin, lateral margins of disk moderately yet distinctly sulcate; thickly clothed with fine yellowish pubescence, margins‘of disk beset with prominent pilose hairs; color dark brown, moderately shining. Scutellum dark brown, transversely rugulose, finely pubescent and beset with several erect pilose hairs. Sternum and episterna dark brown, shining; epimera and meta-episterna pruinose; ostiolar peritreme strongly protruding, white. Hemelytra: Embolar margins very slightly arcuate; dark fusco- brownish, a broad transverse, pale yellowish fascia just beyond apex of scutellum, cuneal fracture also pale; clothed with very fine, closely appressed, sericeous pubescence, intermixed with longer recumbent pubescence and sparsely set erect pilose hairs, pubescence taking color of surface beneath. Membrane pale, apical half and central area fuscous. ’ Legs: Pale brownish to fusco-brownish. Venter dark brown, No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 52y shining, a pruinose area on middle of ventral surface; clothed with prominent yellowish pubescent hairs; genital claspers distinctive. Female: Length 3.6mm., width 1.6mm.; colored very simi- larly to the male but in form more robust, embolar margins more strongly arcuate on apical half. Holotype: Male, 28 July, 1916, Pigeon Cove, Mass. (Chris E. Olsen) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Massa- CHUSETTS—Males (3), taken with the types. Mrinnesora—Males (3) and females (2), 20 July, 1920, Gray Cloud Island, collected on Ostrya virgin- tana; males (2), 8 July, males and females (12), 5 Aug., males and females (18), 11 Aug., 1920, University Farm, St. Paul, collected on Quercus macrocarpa; male and female, 9 July, males and females (10), 24 July, Minnehaha Creek, Hennepin County (H. H. Knight). C. lutescens Reuter. ~Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, 87, 1876. Length 4.5 mm., width 1.9 mm.; uniformly yellowish, antennae, head chiefly, and two vittae on anterior angles of propleura, red; sparsely clothed with yellowish pubescence. Long Island, N. Y. C. modestus Uhler. Ent. Amer., 111, 60, 1887. Length 4.4mm., width 1.8mm.; dark chestnut brown with yellowish, sometimes dark fuscous brown; larger than pumilus and without distinct punctures on dorsum; surface very finely alutaceous; scutellum, clavus, and inner apical margin of corium, beset with a few long erect hairs, but devoid of closely appressed sericeous pubescence. Occurs on basswood (Tilia), and grapevine (Vitis sp.). East River, 30 July, 1910, 5 Aug., 1908 (C. R. E.); New Haven, 8 July, 1909 (B. H. W.). C. luteus Knight, new species. Suggestive of lutescens but differs in structure of antennae and _ pubescence, likewise in color of antennae and head. Female: Length 4 mm., width 1.64mm. Head: Width .87 mm., vertex .34mm.; yellowish, eyes brownish black. Rostrum, length 1.32 mm., nearly attaining hind margins of middle coxae, yellowish, darker apically. Antennae: Segment 1, length .31 mm.; 1, I.14mm., slender at base, becoming gradually thicker apically but not attaining thick- ness of segment i, yellowish, somewhat dusky near apex; 111, .51 mm., thickness .o8 mm., just equal to apex of segment 11, dusky yellow ; iv, .43 mm., equal in thickness to segment 111, dusky brown. Pronotum: Length .73 mm., width at base 1.34 mm.; lateral margins nearly straight; impunctate, somewhat alutaceous, yellow- ish, clothed with very fine recumbent yellowish pubescence. Scutellum transversely rugulose, clothed with closely appressed, silvery scale-like pubescence, and intermixed with a few very short simple pubescent hairs. Sternum and pleura yellowish, ostiolar peritreme pale yellowish. 528 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly sinuate; uniformly yellowish translucent, impunctate; pubescence as on scutellum, scale-like pubescence more abundant on clavus and inner half of corium. Membrane uniformly pale fumate, becoming more nearly pale fuscous at apex, veins tinged with yellowish. Legs: Uniformly yellowish. Venter uniformly yellowish, yellowish pubescent. Male: Length 3.8mm., width 1.46mm.; very similar to the female in form and coloration. Head: Width .8o mm., vertex 26mm. Antennae: Segment i, length .28mm., yellowish ; i; 1.03 mm., yellowish, brownish on apical half; iti, .50mm., fusco- brownish; iv, brownish black; similar in structure to antennae of female. | Holotype: Female, 18 July, 1915, White Plains, N. Y. (J. R. T. Bueno) ; author’s collection. Allotype: Male, 20 Aug., 1891, Berkeley, W.Va. (O. Heidemann) ; Cornell Univ. collection. Ceratocapsus nigellus Knight, new species. Resembles dark forms of modestus but readily distinguished by the type of pubescence; scutellum and basal half of “hemelytra bearing closely appressed, sericeous or scale-like pubescence. Male: Length 4.5mm., width 1.7mm. Head: Width .83 mm., vertex .34mm.; brownish black, front coarsely alutaceous, shal- low groove on median line above, basal carina raised to a sharp angle. Rostrum, length 1.7 mm., attaining hind margins of middle coxae, dark brownish. Antennae: Segment 1, length .43 mm., thickness .11 mm.; ii, 1.56mm., gradually thickened from base to apex (.11 mm. thick) ; iii, .64mm., thickness .I13mm.; iv, .63 mm., thickness .13 mm.; clothed with short, closely set pubescence, dark reddish brown to blackish. Pronotum: Length .93 mm., width at base 1.66 mm.; alutaceous, finely and sparsely pubescent, lateral margins of disk very slightly sulcate; dark brownish black. Scutellum blackish, transversely rugulose, clothed with ciosely appressed, silvery scale-like hairs, and intermixed with a few fine erect pubescent hairs. Sternum dark brownish black, shining, meta-episterna pruinose; ostiolar peritreme coarsely alutaceous, dark reddish brown. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly sinuate; dark brownish black, cuneus frequently more reddish brown; clavus and basal half of corium clothed with closely appressed scale-like hairs as on scutellum, and sparsely interspersed with more erect, simple pubes- cent hairs. Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, slightly paler bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: Dark reddish brown to blackish, anterior and middle pair of tibiae more yellowish brown. Venter dark reddish brown to black, genital segment strongly shining and beset with rather . prominent pubescent hairs; genital claspers distinctive of the species. No: 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 52g Female: Length 4.6mm., width 1.84mm.; very similar to the male in form and color. BN a Holotype: Male, 14 July, 1916, Batavia, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Atlotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Males and females (30), taken with the types on hickory. Grorcra—Male and female, July, 1910, Rabun County (Wm. T. Davis). Marytanp—Male, 21 June, 1914, Plum Point (W. L. McAtee). MinNnEsora—Female, 20 July, 1920, Gray Cloud Island (H. H. Knight). NorrH Carottna—Female, 14 June, 1915, Southern Pines (A. H. Manee). Males and females (8), July, ror12, Black Mountains (Beutenmulier). Nrw JrersEy—Female, 2 July, James- burg (Wm. T. Davis). New Yorx—Males and females (7), 17 July, males and females (12), 31 July, female, 6 Aug., 1916, females (2), 13 Aug., 1915, Batavia (H. H. Knight), collected on hickory. Males and females (5), 16 July, 1916, Conesus Lake; males and females (6), 23 July, 1916, Ithaca Cay He Knicht). EFemale, 7 Aug.,.19015, White Plains (J. .R., 7. Bueno): Males (4) females (3), 30 June, 1922, Kings Bluff, Winona Co., Minn. (H. H. Knight). Collected most frequently on hickory (Carya sp.). Nymphs have been taken on the trunks and larger limbs of trees, indicating that the species may be largely predaceous. C. vicinus Knight, new species. Fulvous to reddish, scutellum and apical half of hemelytra dark brownish to blackish, legs and antennae yellowish; dorsum clothed with rather inconspicuous simple pubescence, scutellum and basal half of hemelytra thickly clothed with closely appressed, scale-like silvery pubescence. Male: Length 3.4mm., width 1.4mm. Head: Width .78mm., vertex. .31mm.; yellowish to reddish, front coarsely alutaceous, vertex and front beset with a few erect yellowish hairs. Rostrum, length 1.43 mm., reaching upon hind coxae, reddish, yellowish apically. Antennae: Segment i, length .31 mm., yellowish, frequently a red mark on ventral surface; ii, 1.23 mm., thickness at apex .10 mm., yellowish, more brownish at apex; iii, .66mm., thickness .08 mm., reddish brown, paler at base; iv, .48 mm., reddish brown. Pronotum: Length .71 mm., width at base 1.23 mm.; lateral margins of disk nearly straight; fulvous to reddish, moderately shining; calli outlined but inconspicuous, alutaceous; sparsely clothed with fine yellowish pubescence. Scutellum dark reddish brown, transversely rugulose, thickly clothed with closely appressed, silvery scale-like pubescence. Sternum and pleura red- dish to brownish, meta-episterna pruinose; ostiolar peritreme reddish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly sinuate; yellowish to fulvous, apical half dark brownish to blackish; sparsely clothed with simple yellowish pubescence, clavus and basal half of corium covered with closely appressed, silvery scale-like pubescence. Membrane pale, apical half fuscous. Legs: Uniformly yellowish, scarcely darker at base of coxae. Venter dark reddish brown to black, shining, genital segment 530 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. clothed apically with prominent yellowish hairs; genital claspers distinctive. Female: Length 3.6 mm., width 1.6mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration; embolar margins more dis- tinctly arcuate on apical half. Holotype: Male, 8 July, Staten Island, N. Y. (Wm. T. Davis); author’s collection. Allotype: 21 Aug., 1917, Wyandanch, Long Island, N. Y. (Chris E. Olsen). Paratypes: New Jers—Ey—Male, 11 July, 1908, female, 19 July, female, 23 July, female, 27 July, Lakehurst (Wm. T. Davis). New Yorx— Female, 11 Aug., Pinelawn; female, Aug., 1916, Yaphank (Wm. T. Davis). Female, 21 Aug., 1917, Wyandanch, Long Island (C. E. Olsen). Ceratocapsus sericus Knight, new species. Dark brownish black, legs and antennae yellowish; form and size suggestive of pumilus but distinguished by the rather sparsely set, erect long pilose hairs. Female: Length 4.1mm., width 1.66mm. Head: Width .77 mm., vertex .37mm.; brownish, coarsely alutaceous, set with several long erect hairs. Rostrum reaching upon hind coxae (apex covered), brownish to dark brown. Antennae: Segment 1, length .39 mm., thickness .11 mm. , yellow- ish; 11, I.4mm., slender at “base and tapering to .1omm. thick at apex, yellowish : 11, .74mm., thickness .10mm., dark reddish brown, yellowish at base; iv, .58mm., thickness .ogmm., dark reddish brown. Pronotum: Length .74mm., width at base 1.34mm.; lateral margins of disk slightly sulcate; dark brownish black, alutaceous, disk sparsely set with long erect pilose hairs. Scutellum dark brownish black, transversely rugulose, clothed with closely appressed, silvery scale-like pubescence, and interspersed with erect long pilose hairs. Sternum dark reddish brown, pleura blackish and somewhat alutaceous, meta-episterna pruinose; ostiolar peritreme yellowish to brown. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly sinuate, somewhat arcuate on apical half; dark brownish black, somewhat translucent on embolium; rather sparsely beset with long erect, yellowish pilose hairs, clavus and basal half of corium clothed with closely appressed, silvery scale-like pubescence. Membrane and veins uniformly pale fuscous, a small clear spot bordering apex of cuneus. Legs: Uniformly yellowish, coxae more brownish. Venter dark brownish black, somewhat shining, genital segments clothed with prominent yellowish hairs. Male: Length 4mm., width 1.57mm.; very similar to the female in color. Antennae: Segment 1, length .36mm.; u, 1.28mm., yellowish, fuscous on apical one-third; iii, .67mm., fuscous, narrowly yellowish at base. Genital segment distinctive. Holotype: Female, 28 July, 1906, Newfoundland, N. J. (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. Allotype: Male, 27 June, 1921, Ann Arbor, Mich. (R. F. Hussey). Paratypes: Female, taken with type. Female, 23 Aug., Mosholu, N. Y. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. gu C. pumilus (Uhler). Ent. Amer., iii, 69, 1887. Length 3.6 mm., width 1.5 mm.; yellowish brown to dark brown; antennae and legs pale yellowish brown; dorsum distinctly punc- tured, thickly clothed with prominent yellowish pubescence and with shorter, silvery yellow, sericeous pubescence. Occurs on grapevine (Vitis spp.). East River 7 Sept., 1910 (C. R. E.). C. fuscinus Knight, new species. Closely related to pumilus but antennal segment i11 shorter, eyes of male larger, vertex narrower; pubescence on dorsum heavier, more erect and prominent than in pumulus. Male: Length 3.7 mm., width 1.61 mm. Head: Width .78 mm., vertex .26mm.; yellowish; eyes larger and more coarsely granu- late (facets larger) than in pumilus. Rostrum, length 1.14 mm., scarcely attaining hind margins of middle coxae, yellowish, basal segment and apex darker. Antennae: Segment i, length .27mm., yellow, a red spot on inner side at base; ii, I.ol mm., slender at base and becoming gradually thicker toward apex, attaining the thickness (.08 mm.) of segment i, dusky pubescent, yellowish; it, .51mm., thickness .o7 mm., yellowish, becoming darker on apical half; iv, .40 mm., equal to segment iti in thickness, fusco-brownish. Pronotum: Length .68 mm., width at base 1.13 mm.; nearly as in pumilus but pubescence longer and more prominent; brownish black, basal one-fourth or more of disk yellowish. Scutellum yellowish brown, darker at base, clothed with prominent yellowish pubescent hairs; mesoscutum narrowly exposed. Sternum brown- ish, episterna and pleura blackish; ostiolar peritreme yellowish, becoming brownish above. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly arcuate; yellowish brown translucent, somewhat fuscous on corium; punctures fine, black- ish, clothed with prominent yellowish pubescent hairs and inter- mixed with shorter, closely appressed, sericeous or scale-like pubescence; cuneus reddish. Membrane pale fumate, a slightly darker but distinct cloud occupying middle of apical half. Legs: Yellowish, hind femora reddish on apical half. Venter brownish black, more yellowish beneath; genital claspers very similar to those of pumélus but basal prong of right clasper twice as long as wide; both right and left claspers composed of three prongs each, hence the name. Female: Length 3.6mm., width 1.6mm.; very similar to the male but embolar margins more strongly arcuate; pronotum more yellowish, only the calli and a ray across top of coxal cleft blackish ; venter reddish to brownish. Head: Width .73 mm., vertex .33 mm. Antennae: Segment 1, 532 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. iength .27 mm. ; .96 mm., slender, thickness at apex equal to segment iii; 111, oe mm.; iv, .37mm.; colored as in the male. Holotype: Male, 2 Aug.., icte Honeoye “Falls, N.. Y.. (CH wEEkeniehi)),: -author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Males (10) and females (4), taken with the types on Salix nigra. District oF CoLuMBIA—Male, 10 July, 1898, Washington (O. Heidemann). MaryLanp —Male, 10 July, Glen Echo (O. Heidemann). M1innresota—Males (2) and female, 12 July, 1921 (A. Hertig), male and female, 20 July, 1920, Gray Cloud Island, Ramsey County (H. H. Knight). New Yorx—Males (4) and female, 4 Aug., males (2) and females (4), 6 Aug., males (3) and females (2), I0 Aug., female, 17 Aug., 1916, Batavia, New York (H. H. Knight). Owto—Male, 17 July, 1915, Bay Point, (C- J. Drake): Ceratocapsus incisus Knight, new species. General aspect very similar to pumilus but antenna! segment iii shorter, apical half of membrane more distinctly infuscated while the femora remain uniformly yellowish or greenish; genital claspers distinctive. Male: Length Quy mnils, width 1 49mm. Head: Width .71 mm., vertex .30 mm. blackish, reddish beneath. Rostrum, length 1.38 mm. nearly attaining hind margins of middle coxae, yellowish, basal segment reddish, apex blackish. Antennae: Segment i, length .28mm., yellowish, tinged with reddish; 11, 1.07 mm., slender at base and gradually thickened toward apex, but not oes the thickness of segment i, yellow- ish, dusky at apex; iii, .49 mm., brownish, nearly equal to thick- ness of segment 11; iv, 30mm: ‘brownish, equal to segment 111 in thickness. Pronotum: Length .64mm., width at base 1.26mm.; more blackish than in fuscimus but with pubescence very similar. Scutellum brownish black. Sternum reddish to blackish, pleura black; ostiolar peritreme pale, tinged with reddish. Hemelytra: Nearly as in fuscimus but the corium darker, cuneus dark reddish brown. Membrane and veins fumate, apical half fuscous, margins slightly paler. Legs: Yellowish to greenish, not distinctly darker on apical half. Venter dark reddish brown to piceous, scarcely paler beneath; genital claspers distinctive, basal prong of right clasper incised at apex, the dorsal portion drawn out to a slender point. Female: Length 4 mm., width 1.7mm.; very similar to the male. Head: Width Me mm., vertex .33mm. Antennae: Segment i, length .33mm.; ii, I.11 mm., slender, slightly thicker at apex, yellowish : iti, . 49mm., brownish, paler at base; iv, .39mm., brownish. Occurs on Salix. Holotype: Male, 26 July, 1916, Ithaca, N. Y. (H..H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the ‘type. Paratypes: Males (6) and females (2), taken with the types on Salix. Nrw Yorxk—Males (2) and females (3), 29 July, male, 30 July, male, 6 Aug., 1916, Batavia; maies ee Bat 1916, Ithaca; male, 13° Aus. 1916, Cattaraugus County CEs night). No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 533 C. digitulus Knight, new species. Antennae nearly as in fuscinus but dorsum more densely clothed with erect, rather bristly pubescence; dorsum dark brownish to blackish while the legs remain uniformly greenish yellow; genital claspers distinctive. Male: Length 3.4mm., width 1.6mm. Head: Width .7omm., vertex .30mm.; brownish black. Rostrum, length 1.14 mm., scarcely attaining hind margins of middle coxae, yellowish, apex and basal segment darker. Antennae: Segment 1, length .27mm., yellowish; 11, 1 mm., yellowish, thickened on apical half but not quite attaining thick- ness of segment 1, clothed with prominent pale. pubescence; iii, .48 mm., scarcely equal to thickness of segment 11, yellowish, apical half more brownish; iv, .26mm., brownish. Pronotum: Length .67mm., width at base 1.26mm.; dark brownish, more nearly black on calli. Scutellum brownish black; erect yellowish pubescence even more prominent than on pronotum. Sternum and pleura brownish black; ostiolar peritreme yellowish to brownish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins distinctly arcuate; dark brownish with a reddish tinge, embolium more yellowish translucent; cuneus reddish brown; rather densely clothed with erect, somewhat bristly pubescence, and intermixed with closely appressed, silvery tomen- tose, scale-like pubescence. Membrane rather uniformly fusco- brownish, scarcely paler bordering cuneus. Legs: Uniformly greenish or yellowish. Venter brownish black, shining, yellowish pubescent; genital claspers distinctive, basal prong of right clasper taking the form of a small finger-like process. Female: Length 3.5mm., width 1.7mm.; very similar to the male in structure and coloration, but the embolar margins slightly more arcuate. Head: Width .73 mm., vertex .34mm. Antennae: Segment i; length .28mm.; ii, I.11mm., slender, gradually thickened on apical half but not attaining thickness of segment 1; iii, .51 mm., thickness nearly equal to apex of segment 11, yellowish to brownish; iv, .37mm., brownish. Holotype: Male, 29 July, 1916, Batavia, New York (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Male and female, taken with types. NEw Yorx—Male and female, 13 Aug., 1916, Cattaraugus County, alt. 2300 ft. (H. H. Knight). Male, 21 Aug., 1917, Wyandanch (C. E. Olsen). Female, 26 July, 19008, Yaphank (Wm. T. Davis). Male, 1-7 Aug., 1917, Wanakena (C. J. Drake). C. drakei Knight, new species. Elongate, more slender than pumillus, most closely related to mgrocephalus and setosus; the female probably brachypterous as in setosus. Male: Length 4.5 mm., width 68mm. Head: Width .7i mm., Wenex | -27 nam. 3 reddish, darker on vertex. Rostrum; \ length 534 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. I1.42mm., reaching to near hind margins of posterior coxae, yellowish, apex blackish, basal segment reddish. Antennae: Segment 1, length .41 mm., yellowish; ii, 1.43 mm., slender, only very slightly thickened apically, yellowish, fusco- brownish on apical half; 111, .88mm., about equal in thickness to segment ii, dark fusco-brownish; iv, .51 mm., fuscous. Pronotum: Length .57mm., width at base I.l14mm.; rich brown, becoming piceous on calli, punctures show black; sparsely clothed with long erect, yellowish pubescent hairs. Scutellum: dark brown, beset with about sixteen erect yellowish hairs, and between with short, closely appressed, sericeous scale-like pubescence. Sternum and pleura reddish to brownish black; ostiolar peritreme pale reddish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins nearly straight; yellowish brown translucent, punctures black; each puncture with a short, closely appressed, silvery, sericeous pubescent hair, and interspersed between with rows of sparsely set, erect yellowish hairs; cuneus red, more yellowish on outer margin, beset with rather long yellowish pubescent hairs. Membrane and veins pale, apical half and margins of veins pale fuscous. Legs: Yellowish brown, bases of coxae reddish, apices of tarsi fuscous. Venter brownish black; right genital clasper with two prongs, nearly forming a semicircle, the hook at base slender and sharply bent, the terminal hook above more broadly curved. Holotype: Male, 1-7 Aug., 1917, Wanakena, N. Y. (C. J. Drake); author’s collection. Paratype: Male, 3 Aug., 1920, The Plains, N. Y. (Osborn and Drake). ALtperta—Male, 24 July, 1921, Nordegg (J. Mc- Dunnough). Ceratocapsus nigrocephalus Knight, new species. Elongate, slender, black, legs and hemelytra yellowish, apical half of corium and of cuneus pale fuscous; sparsely clothed with erect pilose hairs. Male: Length 4.5 mm., width 1.48mm. Head: Width .73 mm., vertex .31 mm.; black, median line of vertex slightly impressed, somewhat alutaceous. Rostrum, length 1.36mm., reaching to middle of hind coxae, dark brownish. Antennae: Segment i, length .37 mm., thickness .086 mm., yel- lowish, fuscous at base; ii, 1.53mm., linear, slightly thicker apically (.07 mm. thick), yellowish to dusky, darker apically; in, .88 mm., linear, thickness .06 mm., fuscous; iv, .60 mm., thickness .o6 mm., fuscous. Pronotum: Length .57mm., width at base 1.12mm.;_ black, shining, lateral margins of disk very slightly sulcate; calli apparent as slightly raised ovals, coarsely alutaceous; sparsely clothed with moderately long, erect pubescent hairs. Scutellum black, trans- versely rugulose, sparsely beset with erect pilose hairs. Sternum dark brownish to black, shining; pleura brownish to blackish; No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 535 ostiolar peritreme yellowish, dorsal lobe strongly protruding, fuscous just above. ad Hemelytra: Embolar margins nearly straight; yellowish trans- lucent, apical half of corium and the cuneus darkened with fus- cous; finely pubescent and interspersed with erect, yellowish pilose hairs, pubescent hairs apparently arising from fine punctures. Membrane pale, a large somewhat rounded fuscous cloud occupy- ing central area between areoles and including the apical half. Legs: Pale yellowish brown, front coxae reddish to fuscous. Venter reddish brown to blackish, darker distally, shining, clothed with yellowish pubescence; genital claspers distinctive. Female: Length 5 mm., width 1.43 mm.; slightly more robust than the male but very similar in coloration, embolar margins more arcuate distally. Holotype: Male, 15 July, 1915, Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada (H. S. Parish) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Male, taken with types. MicHicAn—Male, 22 July, 1916, Pentwater (E. Liljeblad). NEw HampsHirE—Female, Franconia (Mrs. A. T. Slos- son). Qursec—Male, 11 July, 1920, Cascades (H. G. Crawford). SoutTH Daxota—Male, 16 July, 1920, Brookings (H. C. Severin). C. setosus Reuter. Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, 70, 1909. Female: Length 2.5 mm., width 1.3mm.; dark brownish with yellowish; distinguished by the small size and oval shape; hem- elytra shorter than the abdomen, membrane absent, tips broadly rounded, finely and closely punctured, clothed with short, closely appressed, sericeous pubescence and interspersed with long erect setose hairs. Male: Length 3mm., width 1.3mm.; wings fully developed, suggestive of pumilus but smaller; distinguished by the small size and erect setose hairs on dorsum. New Jersey, Maryland, North Carolina. Pamillia Uhler. P. davisi Knight, new species. Distinguished from behrensti by the glabrous and_ strongly shining area on apical one-third of corium, also by the dark reddish brown color. Female: Length 3.8mm., width 1.5mm. Head: Width .86 mm., vertex .44.mm.; front more nearly flat and more sharply declivitous than in behrensii, in form very similar to certain species of Pilophorus; dark reddish brown, nearly black on vertex, front and vertex alutaceous, lower half of face more strongly shining ; finely pubescent, a few longer hairs on front. Rostrum, length 1.36mm., scarcely attaining hind margins of intermediate coxae, dark reddish brown. 536 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Antennae: Segment 1, length .26mm., with two or three bristles on anterior aspect, testaceous; 11, Imm., more slender at base and gradually enlarged apically (.11 mm. thick) to equal thickness of segment i, yellowish brown, darker brown apically ; iii, .6I mm., exceeding thickness (.13 mm. thick) of segment ii, more slender on basal one-fourth, dark brown; iv, .61 mm., equal in thickness to segment i1, fusiform, dark brown; closely covered with very fine, short, golden pubescence. Pronotum: Length .86mm., width at base I.I1I mm., anterior angles .72mm., sides sulcate, anterior half approaching cylindrical form, rather abruptly flaring to basal angles; basal half of disk strongly convex, declivitous behind, basal margin regularly arcuate and fitting far down over mesonotum; collar very fine and narrow, nearly covered by sharp basal margin of head; calli not apparent, disk finely alutaceous, minutely and sparsely pubescent, a few prominent hairs near anterior angles. Scutellum flattened, dark brown, transversely rugose except apical one-third which is opaque; not distinctly separated from the strongly arched and shining mesonotum. Sternum reddish brown, shining, meta- episterna pruinose as viewed in certain lights; ostiolar peritreme pale, projecting slightly at dorsal extremity of the prominent ostiole. Hemelytra: Greatest width 1.5 mm., embolar margins parallel on basal half (width 1.14 mm.) then abruptly flaring but rounding to base of cuneus; embolium and apical one-third of corium glabrous, convex and strongly shining, dark brown to piceous, basal half of embolium amber brown and translucent; corium, just before glabrous area and apically on clavus, blackish, opaque; a paler brownish, pruinose, transverse band across middle; basal half of clavus reddish to cinnamon brown, opaque; sparsely set with erect short black bristles. Cuneus sharply deflected, strongly shining, practically glabrous, fracture deep, broader at base than long, outer margin arcuate. Membrane dark brownish black, paler at apex, veins inconspicuous; larger areole slender, paralleling inner margin of cuneus, smaller areole scarcely discernible. Legs: Reddish brown, trochanters and tips of coxae paler, tarsi infuscated, pale basally; pubescent, tibiae with three rows of dis- tinct spines; hind femora slightly flattened and bent as if to fit against sides of venter; arolia free and converging apically. Venter: Dark brownish to piceous, strongly shining, third seg- ment pruinose on ventral surface; distinctly broader on apical half, finely and rather sparsely yellowish pubescent. Holotype: Female, 4 Sept., Lakehurst, N. J. (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. Paratype: Female, 15 Sept. 1902, Manumuskin, N. J. Named in honor of the collector, Mr. Wm. T. Davis, who had favored the author with several rare and interesting Miridae. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 537 Tribe PILOPHORINI. Key to Genera. I. Vertex compressed posteriorly, slightly overlapping the pronotum; length of antennal segment i not exceeding width of vertex; HoOsteniOn tibiae usually compressed’ J. ih. Ace se 2 Vertex not compressed posteriorly; length of antennal segment i nearly equaling width of head; posterior tibiae cylindrical; anterior half of pronotum constricted, its sides at that point MEDAN MPAT AMC Or Rites rato wier es ta (p. 537) Pseudoxenetus 2. Antennal segment 11 scarcely thickened toward apex; width of head across eyes greater than the width of pronotum at base; hemelytra with embolar margins parallel, destitute of white pubes- Cota Msc Sammy Pine ten ne ieee ss aT, sala sIoade ath ace og viecioien (p. 537) Alepidia Antennal segment ii thickened toward apex; width of head less than width of pronotum at base; hemelytra medially coarctate, bearing white pubescent bands ..........0.....5. (p. 538) Pilophorus Pseudoxenetus Reuter. P. scutellatus (Uhler). (PI. xvi, 13.) iiransy vid: Acad: Sci., 1, 81, 1890. Length 6.5 mm., width 1.2mm.; black, scutellum yellow except narrow base, cuneus with white translucent band at base; posterior coxae pale, legs dark brownish, the anterior and middle tibiae more yellowish. Food plants: Quercus Muhlenbergw, Q. alba, and occasionally Fraximus. | New Haven, 21 June, 1909 (B. H. W.); 12 June, 1910 (A. B. C.). Piscuteilatus; (Uhler). (Pl. xvi, 13.) Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., i, 80, 1890. Length 6.5mm., width 2mm.; very similar to scutellatus but having the scutellum black; basal half of pronotum, sternum, and the pleura largely red. Occurs on live oak (Quercus virginiana). Long Island, ING YS Alepidia Reuter. A. gracilis (Uhler). Hemip. Colo., 42, 1895. Length 4.2 mm., width 1.3 mm.; black, slightly shining; hem- elytra ferruginous black, membrane uniformly infuscated, pale bordering the cuneus; antennae and legs pale yellowish, the femora sometimes darkened; abdomen each side near base with a patch of silvery scales. Breeds on Pinus resinosa. Long Island) Noy) 538 nO: Tels 12. 13. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. ) Pilophorus Westwood. Key to Species. Scutellum strongly convex, almost conically produced Scutellum nearly flat or only moderately convex ................ Hemelytra cinnamon brown to fulvous, the polished apical area only, dark brown or Pic€OUS 202.622 604 05.4 sass oe Hemelytra dark brownish black, apex of clavus as well as corium polished behind posterior silvery line; silvery bar on clavus nearly or quite connecting with posterior silvery line of corium, directed (os) & bw somewhat obliquely distad; length 4.1mm. ....(p. 539) furvus n. sp.- Antennal segment ii in length equal to little more than width of wertexy Sinaller, -lenothh samine. & om cupene 445 ee heidemanni Antennal segment ii in length almost equal to width of head; larcerwlenothvss5 mms ee oe eee ee (p. 539) depictus n. sp. Hemelytra polished over entire width behind posterior silvery line 5 Hemelytra polished behind posterior silvery line but exterior to radial vein only *..c.0 20st ab sah obi eee man ds bakes see eee II Hemelytra beset with erect, short black bristles ........... TS ene 6 Hemelytra clothed only with fine recumbent pubescence, some- times black but not erect and bristle-like ........... 2... eee 7 Antennal segment iii black, nearly as thick as segment i.......... (p. 540) vanduzeei n. sp. Antennal segment iii pale, the apical half only infuscated, slender, scarcely thicker than :seoment iy'2............. (p. 541) whleri n. sp. Hemelytra yellowish brown to dark brown except behind posterior Silvery lin@> vy S46 dsc edielseeied oa Gaus joe as oe oe eee 8 Hemelytra bright cinnamon fulvous except behind posterior silvery HINGE: “ait dlass 24 RO lavas. le Se eR eae Sea oe Se 9 Antennal segment iii pale, scarcely infuscated at apex; hind tibiae strongly compressed, almost carinate ............. (p. 542) crassipes Antennal segment iii reddish brown to piceous, slightly paler at base; hind tibiae only very slightly compressed ..... innamopterus Small, length not exceeding 3.7mm.; posterior silvery line inter- rupted on corium but not dislocated at claval suture ............ 10 Larger, length 4.5mm.; posterior silvery line not interrupted on corium but slightly dislocated at claval suture; antennal segment i sradually thickened toward:anexe.)c...6%5 sen ae (p. 542) amoenus Antennal segment ii strongly clavate on apical one-third, in length exceeding distance between tip of tylus and hind margin of pro- NOUUM: Gan dacs Sool eee eerie ne ee (p. 543) laetus Antennal segment ii gradually thickened from middle toward apex, in length not equal to distance between tip of tylus and base of PrONOtUniys..4..a0 25 oe mae ese ee (p. 543) juniperi n. sp. (4) Transverse silvery line of clavus and corium dislocated at claval suttire: 6...4 2 6 hae See Ot her's uate « Octo 12 Transverse silvery line of clavus and corium forming nearly a straight line, although that of the clavus bent slightly forward but never disconnected 22227 -6 cepa e oe (p. 544) perplexus Antennal segment ii, in length, equal at least to distance between tip of tylus and basal margin’of/pronotum, .......2.2--eie eee 13 Antennal segment ii, in length, not equal to distance between tip of tylus and basal margin of pronotum; length 3.5mm .......... waishi Antennal segment ii, in length, equal to or only slightly greater than distance between tip of tylus and basal margin of pronotum ; clavus of the same brown color as corium; smaller, length 4mm. (p. 544) brunneus Antennal segment ii, in length, distinctly greater than distance between tip of tylus and basal margin of pronotum; clavus dis- tinctly darker bordering scutellum and commissure; larger, length 45-5 mime: <4s\o40 foie cet iene eremeieterns etereh = pater (p. 544) clavatus No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 539 P. furvus Knight, new species. Female: Length 4.1mm., width 1.61mm. Head: Width I.I2mm., vertex .61 mm., basal margin to tip of tylus .89 mm. ; dark reddish brown to piceous, smooth, shining; gula beset with erect, bristly pubescent hairs. Rostrum, length I.4 mm., scarcely attaining hind margin of sternum, rufo-piceous. Antennae: Segment i, length .25mm.; ii, 1.03 mm., thickness (.08 mm.) equal to segment i, more slender on basal one-fourth, minutely pubescent, dark reddish brown, slightly paler at base; iii, .41 mm., slender, pale, apical half dark brown; iv (missing). Pronotum: Length .83 mm., width at base 1.33 mm., anterior angles .77mm.; lateral margins sulcate, flaring sharply to basal angles, a distinct bristle just before each anterior angle; uniformly dark brownish black; xyphus convex, lateral margins scarcely carinated, reddish brown. Scutellum strongly convex, almost taking the form of a truncate pyramid but rounded above, apex flattened, basal angles and apex with a tuft of silvery scale-like pubescence; mesonotum broadly exposed, flattened above but abruptly declivitous at each side. Sternum brownish black, polished; epimera with posterior margin covered by silvery scale- like pubescence; ostiolar peritreme pale to dusky, polished just above, a tuft of scale-like pubescence at posterior margin of meta- episternum just beneath that on embolium. Hemelytra: Embolar margins sulcate-sinuate, greatest width (1.61 mm.) just before cuneal fracture; from anterior to posterior silvery line, opaque, dark brownish black; behind posterior silvery line, brownish black to piceous, polished, apex of clavus and all of the cuneus included; posterior silvery line sinuate, perhaps interrupted (mutilated?), nearly or quite connecting with that of clavus which is directed slightly distad; basal silvery line similar to that of amoenus; very finely pubescent, longer on apical margin bordering membrane. Cuneus sharply deflected, piceous and polished similar to apex of corium, a silvery scale-like spot near inner basal angle. Membrane pale fuscous, a large opaque blackish cloud involving apical half of areoles and middle of membrane. Legs: Dark brownish black, tibiae more yellowish brown, tro- chanters except on front legs, two basal segments of tarsi, and apical half of hind coxae, pale. Venter: Dark brown to piceous, polished, finely pubescent, prominent bristly hairs bordering ovipositor. Holotype: Female, 30 June, Lakehurst, N. J. (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. Pilophorus depictus Knight, new species. Closely related to furvus but smaller, length of antennal segment ii scarcely equaling width of head; hemelytra, anterior to posterior silvery line, cinnamon fulvous as in amoenus. 540 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: Length 3.5mm., width 1.53mm. Head: Width I.0o5mm., vertex .55mm., from basal margin to tip of tylus .84mm.; dark brownish to piceous, more brownish on juga and lora, polished, gula beset with erect bristles as in furvus. Ros- rum, length 2mm., reaching to middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae: Segment 1, length .25mm., brownish; ii, .I mm., greatest thickness .096 mm., more slender on basal one-third, black, basal one-fourth brownish, minutely pubescent; iii, .44mm., slender, fuscous, basal one-third pale; iv, .38 mm., fuscous, slightly paler at base. Pronotum: Length .77mm., width at base 1.25mm.; dark brownish black, shining. Scutellum almost identical with furvus in structure, a silvery bar in each basal angle, with a transverse one on the flattened apical one-third. Sternum brownish black | to piceous, polished; ostiolar peritreme pale to brownish; episternum brown, darker at basal angle bordering the silvery scale-like spot. Hemelytra: Embolar margins nearly parallel on basal half, equal in width to base of pronotum, apical half with margin flaring to widest (1.53 mm.) just before cuneal fracture; from anterior to posterior silvery line, cinnamon fulvous in color as in amoenus, shaded with fuscous on anterior side bordering anterior silvery line, also a dusky spot at base of clavus, minutely golden pubescent; posterior silvery band broken into three spots, silvery bar on clavus directed somewhat obliquely distad; piceous and polished behind posterior silvery band, the cuneus included. Cuneus and membrane nearly as in furvus, the blackish opaque cloud larger and involving nearly all of larger areole. Legs: Dark brownish black, tibiae uniformly colored as the femora, apical half of hind coxae, and the trochanters, white; two basal segments of tarsi, tips of femora, spot on front of anterior coxae, and middle trochanters, pale. Venter: Similar to furvus, apparently the sides never with silvery, scale-like pubescence. , Holotype: Female, 12 July, 1909, Washington, D. C. (O. Heidemann) ; Cornell Univ. collection. Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight, new species. Male: Length 5 mm., width 1.66mm. Head: Width 1.25 mm., vertex .66mm., from tip of tylus to basal margin of head I.lImm.; sharp basal margin of vertex beset with six black bristles, front sparsely clothed with silvery, deciduous, scale-like pubescent hairs, and interspersed with erect bristles. Rostrum, length 2.27 mm., scarcely attaining hind margins of middle coxae. Antennae: Segment i, length .44mm., thickness .1I mm.; il, 2.22mm., gradually thickened from base toward apex (.15 mm. thick), dark brownish black, clothed with short black pubescence ; iii, £0 mm., thickness .o8 mm., uniformly black; iv, .72 mm., pale, infuscated apically. No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 541 Pronotum: Length .94mm., width at base 1.53 mm., anterior angles .83 mm.; anterior half of disk sparsely clothed with silvery, deciduous, pubescent hairs similar to those on front of head. Scutellum with apical half and slender lateral margins flat, abruptly convex on basal half but flattened basally, flattened apical half more or less covered with silvery, scale-like pubescence. Hemelytra: Dark fusco-brownish, opaque anterior to posterior silvery line, basal half with a silvery sheen apparent in certain lights; beset with erect, short black bristles; posterior silvery line nearly straight, slender, behind this distinctly polished, apex of clavus included. Membrane uniformly darkened with fuscous, an opaque black cloud bordering apex of larger areole. Legs: ‘Uniformly brownish black, a pale spot on anterior aspect of front.coxae near base; hind tibiae strongly flattened and dis- tinctly curved. Venter with a patch of silvery, scale-like pubescence laterally on third segment. Female: Length 5.3 mm., width 1.8mm.; very similar to the male but antennal segment iti perceptibly thicker (.10 mm. thick), nearly equal to thickness of segment 1. Breeds on Pinus resinosa. Evelotype: Male, 1: July, 19020, Taghanic, N. Y. (H. H.. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Males and females (16), taken with the types on Pinus resimosa. MASSACHUSETTS —Female, 15 July-6 Aug., 1918, Woods Hole (Chris E. Olsen). P. uhleri Knight, new species. Closely related to the preceding species but differs in color and thickness of antennal segment iii, in having patches of silvery scale-like pubescence on sides of fourth and fifth abdominal seg- ments, and by the fact that the hind tibiae are not so distinctly compressed. Male: Length5mm. Head: Width 1.14 mm., vertex .53 mm., from tip of tylus to vertex .94mm.; front without silvery scale- like pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.8mm., nearly attaining hind margins of middle coxae. Antennae: Segment i, length .38mm., thickness .10mm.; 11, 1.86mm., gradually thickened apically (.14mm. thick); 11, .66 mm., thickness .06 mm., pale, apical half infuscated, sometimes the whole segment tinged with pink; iv, .61 mm., pale, apex dusky. Pronotum: Length .83 mm., width at base 1.44 mm.; uniformly black, beset with black pubescence but devoid of silvery scale-like hairs. Scutellum nearly as in vanduzees but with sides and base thickly covered with silvery, scale-like pubescence. Hemelytra: Very similar to vanduzees but the posterior silvery line distinctly broader. Legs: Hind tibiae slightly compressed but not distinctly flattened as in vanduzeet. | Venter: With a distinctive patch of silvery, scale-like pubescence on the sides, extending obliquely across segments 3-6 inclusive. 542 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: Length 4.8mm., width 1.77mm.; very similar to the male but slightly more robust; antennal segment ii, length 2.15 mm., greatest thickness .166 mm., segment iii pale, apical half infuscated. Breeds on Larix laricina and Pinus sylvestris. : Holotype: Male, 30 June, 1920, Ithaca, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: New Yorxr— Males and females (12), 14 July, 1916, Batavia; female, 27 June, males (2) and females (2), 30 June, males (2), 2 July, male and females (2), 5 July, males (2) and females (2), 8 July, Ithaca (H. H. Knight). Male, 4 July, 1919, White Plains (J. R. T. Bueno). OntTarto—Female, 15 July, 1914, Ottawa (G. Beaulieu). P. crassipes Poppius. Ann Soc. Ent. Belg., Iviii, 242, 1914. Male: Length 5.1mm. Head: Width 1.06 mm., vertex .50 mm. Antennae: Segment i, length .39mm.; ii, 1.94mm., gradually thickened apically (.13 mm. thick), dark fusco-brownish, apical half black; 111, .66mm., pale, infuscated at apex; iv, .61 mm., pale fuscous. Front of head and the pronotum clothed with fine silvery pubes- cence while that on the hemelytra is more nearly golden; scutellum clothed with silvery, scale-like pubescence, more thickly on basal angles and apex; hemelytra polished behind posterior silvery line but rather thickly clothed with recumbent golden pubescence; posterior tibiae distinctly compressed ; venter with an oblique patch of silvery, scale-like pubescence on sides of segments 3-6 inclusive. Female: Length 5 mm., width 1.61 mm.; antennal segment ii, length 2.19mm., greatest thickness .166mm., more distinctly thickened on apical one-third than in the male. Breeds on Pinus strobus. New Hampshire, New York. P. amoenus Uhler. Ent. Amer., iii, 30, 1887. Male: Length 5mm., width 1.64mm.; hemelytra anterior to posterior silvery line, cinnamon fulvous in color, distad of this, polished and piceous; posterior silvery line nearly straight, not interrupted on corium; hind tibiae distinctly compressed. Antennae: Segment i, length .39mm., fuscous; ii, 1.83 mm., greatest thickness .[2mm., gradually thickened from base toward apex, black, fusco-brownish on basal half; iii, .72 mm., slender, pale; iv, .64mm., pale, dusky on apical half. Female: Length 4.8mm., width 1.7mm.; very similar to the male in structure and coloration. Antennae: Segment i, .39 mm. ; li, 1.72mm., greatest thickness .14 mm., slightly thicker on apical half than in the male; iti, .72mm., pale; iv, .64mm., pale, dusky apically. Breeds on Pinus virginiana. Massachusetts, Long Island, N. Y. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 543 P. laetus Van Duzee. proc; Cal’; Acad. Sci., ser. 4, Vili, 204, 1918. Male: Length 3.7 mm., width 1.27mm.; coloration similar to that of amoenus; posterior silvery line Ae on corium. Antennae: Segment i, length .28mm., brownish; ii, 1.39 mm., slender, pale, abruptly clavate (.13 mm. thick) and black on apical one-third; iti, .53mm., pale, dusky at apex; iv, .55mm., dusky. Female: Length 3.7mm., width 1.33 mm.; very similar to the male in structure and coloration, but clavate portion of antennal segment ii very slightly thicker (.15 mm. thick). Breeds on Pinus virginiana. Allotype: Male, 10 Aug., Washington, D. C. (O. Heidemann); author’s collection. Pilophorus juniperi Knight, new species. Very similar to Jaetus but darker in coloration; differs in the shorter and more gradually thickened antennal segment 11, and by the narrower head. Male: Length 3.7 mm., width 1.3mm. Head: Width .g1 mm., vertex .49mm.; dark brownish black, more brownish below. Rostrum, length 1.06 mm., attaining middle of intermediate coxae, brownish black. Antennae: Segment 1, length .28mm., brownish; 1, 1.11 mm., gradually thickened from middle toward apex (.1o mm. thick), in length not equal to distance between tip of tylus and base of pronotum, brown, apical half black; iti, .44mm., pale, infuscated apically; iv, .42mm., infuscated. Pronotum: Length .7imm., width at base I.11mm.; dark brownish black, sides more gradually sulcate than in laetus. Scutellum nearly as in laetus but not so strongly convex on disk. Hemelytra: Nearly as in Jaetus but darker in color. Membrane blackish on basal half, pale fuscous on apical half and bordering cuneus. Legs: Dark fusco-brownish, distinctly darker than in laetus. Venter: Dark brownish black, each side with a patch of silvery hairs on segments 3-5 inclusive. Female: Very similar to the male in structure and coloration. Breeds on Juniperus virginiana. Holotype: Male, 18 July, 1915, White Plains, N. Y. (J. R. T. Bueno) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Mary- LAND—Female, June, 1913, Forest Glen; male, 30 June, 1905, Plummers Island (O. Heidemann). MassacHusetts—Male, 15 July-6 Aug., 1918, Woods Hole (C. E. Olsen). Minnesota—Males and females (17) 20 July, 1920, Gray Cloud Island, Ramsey County (H. H. Knight), collected on Juniperus virginiana. NEw JersEy—Female, 25 July, 1911, Bear Swamp, Ramapo Mts. (Wm. T. Davis). New Yorx—Males (2), 18 July, male, 24 July, male and female, 27 July, White Plains (J. R. T. Bueno), collected on Juniperus virginiana, 544 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. P. perplexus Douglas and Scott. Pilophorus perplexus Douglas and Scott, Ent. Mon. Mag., xii, 101, 1875. Saunders, Hem. Het. Brit. Isds., 265, 1892. Male: Length 4mm., width 1.38 mm.; hemelytra nearly uni- formly brown, clothed with minute golden pubescence; very similar to brunneus but distinguished by the continuous, transverse pos- terior silvery band; scutellum, thorax, and head, dark brown to blackish. Antennae: Segment i, length .30mm., brownish; 1, 1.44 mm., scarcely thicker (.og mm. thick) than segment i, slightly more slender on basal one-third, brownish, dark brown on apical half, minutely pubescent; i111, .58 mm., pale, apical half infuscated ; iv, .53mm., infuscated, pale at base. Female: Length 4mm., width 1.5 mm.; very similar to the male but shghtly more robust. Antennae: Segment i, length .20mm. ; li, 1.47 mm., greatest thickness .1I mm., gradually thickened from base toward apex; ill, 1.11 mm.; iv, .50mm.; colored similarly to the male. In New York the writer collected specimens on goldenrod (Solidago). Specimens upon which this record is based have been compared with European material of perplexus D. & S. and found to be identical. The writer also has at hand European specimens | of cinnamopterus Kirsch but as yet no American representatives have been examined. Storrs, 5 Aug., 1920 (M. P. Z.). P, brunneus Poppius. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., lviii, 244, 1914. Male: Length 4mm., width 1.37 mm., from tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum 1.38mm.; very similar to walsh but slightly larger and darker colored, more nearly the size and color of perplexus but the silvery line on clavus dislocated and set slightly forward. Antennae: Segment i, length .28mm., fusco-brownish ; ii, I1.47mm., dark brownish, more nearly black at apex; i, 61mm., fuscous, basal one-fourth pale; iv, .61mm., fuscous, narrowly pale at base. Female: Length 3.6mm., width 1.36mm., from tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum 1.33 mm.; more robust than the male but similar in coloration; antennal segment u, length 1.33 mm., slightly thicker toward apex but scarcely exceeding thickness of segment 1. Occurs on Salsx. New York. P. clavatus (Linnaeus). Cimex clavatus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Edn. 12, i, 729, 1767. Reuter, Hem. Gymn., Eur., iv, 114, tab. 4, fig. 3, 1891. Male: Length 4.6mm., width 1.53 mm., from tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum 1.5mm.; brownish black, hemelytra No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE, 545 brown, clavus darker than corium except bordering claval suture. Antennae: Segment i, length .33mm., fusco-brownish; ii, 1.75mm., greatest thickness .11 mm., gradually thickened from base toward apex, slightly exceeding thickness of segment i, dark brownish black, more nearly black on apical half; iii, .66mm., fuscous, more nearly pale on basal half; iv, .39 mm., fuscous, paler at base. 7 Female: Length 4.6mm., width 1.67 mm., from tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum 1.55mm.; very similar to the male in form and coloration; antennal segment ii, length 1.75 mm., thick- ness and coloration similar to that of male. Occurs on Quercus. New York, Minnesota. Tribe SYSTELLONOTINI. Sericophanes Reuter. S. heidemanni Poppius. rae cunanes ocellatus Osborn, Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci., v, 238, fig. 16, I : Pee eophanes heidemanm Poppius, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., lviii, 260, 1914. Sericophanes noctuans Knight, Ent. News., xxviii, 4, 1917. Male: Length 3.4mm., width Imm.; color dark chestnut to black, legs yellowish brown, tibiae darker, posterior coxae pale; antennae yellowish brown, darker on segments iii and iv, segment iv slightly compressed; hemelytra velvety brown, darker on base of clavus, two transverse irregular silvery sheen bars over the brown, a cream-colored round spot on the clavus just beyond scutellum; membrane lightly infumed, pale bordering apical one- third of cuneus. Female: (brachypterous): Length 3.1 mm., width of abdomen .97 mm.; ant-like in form, yellowish brown, prothorax subglobose ; hemelytra much reduced, only reaching to base of third abdominal tergite, cream-colored spot present just beyond scutellum; abdo- men nearly subglobose, pleural margin prominent, segments 4-7 dark brownish to piceous, paler beneath bordering ovipositor. Macropterous and brachypterous females are described and figured by Osborn (1898) ; found to occur on grassy ridges. Males are frequently collected at light. In New York, Dr. C. P. Alexander reports this species as flying up in large numbers from the grass after sundown. New Haven, 26 July, 1910, 30 May, 1911, 28 June, 7 July, 1920 BEE) Subfamily Muirinae. Key to Genera. 1. Pronotum distinctly swollen at the middle, as wide there or wider thanvatotine san yirie te iT ners Meat eier teas ete Hai) IT 2 go ei 2 Pronotum widest at the base, not noticeably swollen at the middle 3 18 546 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 2. Antennal segment i shorter than width of vertex; pronotum not extending back to basal angles of hemelytra; base of scutellum poorly defined) .2'..2. sed ose oe eee (p. 546) Pithanus Antennal segment i, in length, greater than width of vertex; pro- notum extending back to basal angles of hemelytra; hemelytra usually depressed near base and tip of scutellum, arched over middle of abdomeni (40.5. on uae ar (p. 546) Mimoceps 3. Head strongly exserted, eyes placed near middle and thus far removed from anterior margin of pronotum ....... (p. 547) Collaria Head not or only slightly exserted; eyes usually in contact with pronotum ‘or néarly ‘So. .1o ds cede tokio an ear 4 4. .Pronotum “mpunctate or nearly so...) s...0602-6..8. eee 5 Pronotum coarsely and deeply punctured .........¢...429. 5) ee 5. Antennal segments clothed with very fine pubescence; body nearly glabrous, at most with very short pubescence .................. Antennal segments thickly covered with erect black hairs; body covered with fine long erect pubescence; eyes slightly removed from anterior angles, on pronotuimys 1s. sc os. oe (p. 547) Miris: 6. Head short and greatly flattened, front scarcely protruding beyond base of antennae; median sulcus of head replaced by a broad and shallow basin; antennal segment i slender and curved, thick- est near base, tapering to slender then slightly enlarged at apex (p. 547) Teratocoris Head long and pointed, front projecting sharply beyond base of antennae; median sulcus deep; antennal segment i not so long and 11) 1:54 mm.; 1v, .o7am Female: Length 7.66mm., width 2.8mm.; larger and more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. Head: Width I.2I mm., vertex .38mm. Antennae: Segment i, length .77 mm. ; li, 2.28 mim; 111, 1.45 mms vee" -Ossmim: Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.); Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Guilford, 13. July, 1920);¢B: EEaW,)e P. insignis var. fraterculus Knight, new variety. Male: Length 5.1mm., width 1.9mm. Head: Width Imm., vertex .51mm.; red, tylus blackish. Rostrum, length 1.69 mm., black, basal segment red. Antennae: Segment 1, length .51 mm.; ii, 1.0.mm,; 111, 1.43 mm; 41v,)-cOmmm: Pronotum: Length .go mm., width at base 1.6 mm.; bright red, pronotal disk from just behind calli to basal margin black, with very slight indication of median vitta. Scutellum black; sternum and pleura red. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 555 Hemelytra: Black, very slightly shining; thickly clothed with fine dusky pubescence, hairs recumbent on apical half. Legs: Black; coxae red. Venter: uniformly red; genital claspers black. Female: Length 6.6mm., width 2mm.; slightly larger and more robust than the male but similar in coloration. Head: Width 1.07 mm., vertex .51mm. Antennae: Segment i, length Oumin.; it, 2:07 M1mM.; i, 1:54 mm.; iv, :79 mm. Holotype: Male, 2 Aug., Ann Arbor, Mich. (R. F. Hussey); author’s collection. Allotype: 9 July, 1921, Minnehaha Creek, Hennepin County, Minn. (H. H. Knight). Inprana—Male, 26 June, 1903, Crawford County; female, 7 July, 1903, Posey County (W. S. Blatchley). MINNESoTA—Male, 15 July, 1911, Chisago County. Male, 28 June, 1922, University Farm, St. Paul (H. H. Knight). P. circumcinctus (Say). Compl. Writ., 1, 343, 18509. Male: Length 7.1mm., width 2.7mm.; head red, front and tylus blackish, juga and lora more or less black; pronotum red, calli blackish, a flaring black ray behind each callus and extending to basal margin of disk; scutellum and mesoscutum red, basal angles black; pleura red, sternum reddish but becoming blackish each side of median line; hemelytra black, embolium, outer margin of corium and cuneus, red; legs black, tinged with reddish near _ bases of femora; venter chiefly red, genital segment and more or less at the sides, becoming black. iMead: Width 1.28 mm., vertex .7I mm. Antennae: Segment 1, lengiiae7 7mm.) 11, 2.34 mim. ; ii, 1.54mm.; iv, .95 mm. Female: Length 7.4mm., width 2.7 mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. Head: Width 1.2mm., Vee sO2mm. Antennae: . Ségment i, length .76mm.; © 1, AoOg mines 111, T.34 mm. ; Iv, G1 mm. New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, Maine. Platytylellus rubellicollis Knight, new species. Male: Length 7.5 mm., width 2.8mm. Head: Width 1.27 mm., vertex .68 mm.; black, base of vertex and bucculae reddish. Ros- trum, length 2.43 mm., black. Antennae: Segment i, length .83 mm., thickness .17mm.; i, 2.54mm., thickest (.12mm.) near base and tapering to slightly more slender at apex, thickly clothed with short black hairs which in length do not equal thickness of segment; iii, 1.52mm.; 1v, .83 mm.; black. Pronotum: Length 1.43 mm., width at base 2.37mm., collar 1.14mm.; calli impressed on basal margin, disk strongly convex ; black, opaque, finely granulate, finely and closely pubescent; collar, lower half of propleura, narrow anterior margin of disk and extending between calli, fulvous to pink. Scutellum black ; sternum and pleura velvety black. 556 CONNECTICUT GEOL, AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [| Bull. Hemelytra: Embolar margins moderately arcuate on apical half; black, opaque, minutely granulate, finely and closely dusky pubescent. Legs: Black; tibiae clothed with short heavy black hairs, length of hairs not equal to thickness of segment, hind pair with one row of short spine-like hairs on outer surface. Venter: Velvety black; finely pubescent but with longer pubes- cent hairs beneath and bordering caudal margins of segments; genital segment without tubercle. Female: Length 7.7mm., width 2.9mm.; very similar to the male in form and coloration. Holotype: Male, 21 June, 1919, University Farm, St. Paul, Minn. (H. H. Knight); Minn. Univ. coll. Allotype: taken with the type. Paratypes: Males and females (38), taken with types. Both adults and nymphs were collected on Scrophularia leporella, but the conditions were such it was not possible to observe the bugs feeding on the plant. P, rubellicollis var. vittiscutis Knight, new variety. Similar to the typical form but having a distinct reddish orange vitta on scutellum; calli becoming red, and the short median vitta extending to near middle of disk. Holotype: Male, 21 June, 1919, University Farm, St. Paul, Minn. (H. H. Knight); Minn. Univ. coll. Paratypes: Males (5) and females (5), taken with the type. Maine—Male, 31 July, 1920, Peaks Island (G. A. Moore). Female, 26 Sept., 1807, Mt. Kineo (F. Eddy). P. rubellicollis var. confluens Knight, new variety. Similar to the typical form but the pink color more nearly orange; the broad orange vitta on scutellum connected with anterior margin of pronotal disk by a distinct orange vitta. Holotype: Male, 24 July, 1920, Peaks Island, Me. (G. A. Moore); author’s collection. Paratypes: MatNE—Female, 27 July, male, 28 July, female, 31 July, male and female, 4 Aug., 1920, type locality (G. A. Moore). P, insitivus (Say). Compl. Writ., 1, 340, 1859. Male: Length 8.7mm., width 3.6mm.; black, pronotum and scutellum orange-yellow; surface very finely granulate, opaque, short pubescent; width of collar greater than width of head. Head: Width 1.36mm., vertex .81mm. - Width of collar 1.4mm. Antennae: Segment 1, length 1.07mm.; i, 3mm: nearly cylindrical, length of hairs not equal to thickness of segment; ill, 1.98 mm.; iv, .94 mm. Female: Length 8.7 mm., width 3.5mm.; very similar to the male in form and coloration. Head: -Width 1.41 mm, Wvenrtex 8imm. “Width of collar I.g4mm. Antennae: Seementan length 1.02 mm.; ii, 2.85 mm.; iii, 1.86mm.; iv, 87 mm. Lyme, 20 Aug., 1910 (B. H. W.). P. insitivus var. angusticollis Knight, new variety. Color and form very similar to insttivus but smaller in size, width of head greater than width of collar. No. BA. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 557 Male: Length 6.9 mm., width 2.6mm. Head: Width 1.24 mm., vertex 1.01 mm. Width of collar 117 mom) Antennae: Segment length .7Omm.; i, 2:29 mm.; 11, 1.49 mm); iv, (ol mm. Female: fh 8 mm., rail 2.9 mm. ; ie to the male in form and color. Head: Width 1.26 mm., ‘vertex .74 mm. Width of collar 1.18 mm. Antennae : Segment iy Lemptlay, (8S) ata.) ia) Pmt; it, 1.51'mm.; 1v, .o2 mm. Holotype: Male, 31 ae 1920, Peaks Island, Me. (G. A. Moore); author’s collection. "Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: MAINE— Male, 29 July, female, 4 Aug., 1920 (G. A. Moore). Platytylellus nigroscutellatus Knight, new species. Suggestive of imsitivus but with scutellum always black; male genital segment with a very prominent tubercle at base of left clasper and with a smaller one at base of right clasper. Male: Length 9.2 mm., width 3.7mm. Head: Width 1.71 mm., vertex .94mm.; black; gula, genae, bucculae, and margins of lora and juga, orange-yellow. Rostrum, length 3.1 mm., extend- ing to slightly beyond hind margins of middle coxae, black. Antennae: Segment i, length 1.19mm., clothed with erect almost pilose hairs, length of hairs not exceeding thickness of seg- ment; i, 3.43 mm., cylindrical, strongly pubescent, a few erect hairs near base equal to thickness of segment; iii, 1.66mm.; iv, .94mm.; black. Pronotum: Length 1.89 mm., width at base 2.94mm., collar 1.36mm.; uniformly orange-yellow, finely granulate, clothed with short erect pale pubescence. Scutellum black; sternum blackish, pleura orange-yellow but becoming fuscous on central area of meta-episternum. Hemelytra: Embolar margins very slightly but broadly arcuate ; black, faintly shining, clothed with very fine short pubescence. Legs: Black; tibiae clothed with erect prominent hairs, length of many hairs exceeding thickness of segment, spines not evident. Venter: Black, with a velvety lustre; clothed with erect, fine dusky pubescence; genital segment with a large and prominent tubercle situated just above base of left clasper, and with a second but smaller tubercle near base of right clasper. Female: Length 9.7mm., width 3.5mm.; very similar to the male in form and color. Head: Width 1.63 mm., vertex .g1 mm. Width of collar 1.4mm. Antennae: Segment 1, length 1.14 mm. ; Hy Zroamaima stl) 1.76 mam.; Vy, 1.37 mm, Holotype: Male, 26 July, 1916, Ithaca, N. Y. (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: 3 Aug., 1914, Batavia, N. Y. (H. H. Knight). Para- types: NEw York—Female, 1 Aug., 1918, Ithaca (H. Yuasa). Female, July, 1921, Ithaca (P. B. Lawson). PENNsSyLvANIA—Male, 1 July, 1917, Conewago (J. G. Sanders). *P. fraternus Knight, new species. Color pattern suggestive of confraternus but size larger, also the 558 CONNECTICUT GEOL.. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. length of antennal segment 1 is equal to width of vertex plus one- half dorsal width of an eye. Male: Length 9.4 mm., width 3.5mm. Head: Width 1.56mm., vertex .86 mm.; red, tylus, front, and vertex, chiefly black; pubes- cent, finely granulate. Rostrum, ‘length 2.85 mm., reaching to middle of hind coxae, black. Antennae: Segment 1, length 1.06 mm., clothed with moderately heavy and slightly reclining hairs which in length about equal thickness of segment; 11, 3.23 mm., thickest near base and tapering to more slender at apex, clothed with short stiff black hairs and fine pubescence, length of longest hairs not exceeding thickness of segment; ii, 1.71 mm.; iv, 1.28 mm. Pronotum: Length 1.74mm., width at base 2.92mm., collar 1.31 mm.; surface very slightly shining, thickly clothed with short pale pubescence; basal margin of calli distinctly impressed; red, dorsal area of collar, calli except outer angles, and a broad band extending to basal margin of disk, black. Scutellum black; sternum blackish, median line red; pleura red, or becoming dusky. Hemelytra: Embolar margins only slightly arcuate; black, opaque, surface somewhat scabriculous, clothed with short dusky pubescence, hairs somewhat decumbent on apical half. Legs: Black; tibiae thickly clothed with prominent erect hairs, length of several exceeding thickness of segment, spines not evident. Venter: Red, genital segment becoming black; clothed with prominent pale pubescence; genital segment with a large and prominent, erect tubercle just above base of left genital clasper, also another but smaller tubercle directed distad from near base of right clasper. In confraternus the right tubercle is scarcely raised from the segment wall. Female: Length 9.1 mm., width 3.5 mm.; similar to the male in form and color. Head: Width 1.56 mm., vertex .87mm. Width of collar 1.30mm. Antennae: Segment 1, length 1.02mm.; ui, 2mm., clothed with pubescence as in the male but beset with several exserted hairs which in length exceed thickness of segment ; Wit. 71 imi, iy 24 en, Holotype: Male, 2 July, 1917, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. (Wm. T. Davis); author’s collection. Allotype: 1 Aug., 1914, type locality (W. Robinson) ; author’s collection. Paratypes: ConNEcricut—Female, 25 July, 1920, Portland (B H. Walden). District or CoLtumBia—Male, 22 June, Washington (N. Banks). Mricuican—Male, 25 June, female, 28 June, 1919, male, 3 July, 1920, Berrien County (R. F. Hussey). MINnNEsora— Female, 7 July, 1916, Lake City. New Yorx—Male, 23 June, 1918, Fort Montgomery (F. M. Shott). PENNsyLvanta—Male, 4 July, 1920, Enter- line (Champlain). Female, 12 July, 1920, North Bloomfield (F. M. Trimble). NorrH CarotinAa—Male, 4 June, Male, 17 June, 1919, Southern Pines (A. H. Manee). P. fraternus var. rubromarginatus Knight, new variety. Not differing structurally from the typical form, but with No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 559 cuneus, embolium, and lateral margins of corium, red like the lateral margins of pronotal disk. Holotype: Male, 1 July, 1919, Berrien County, Mich. (Hubbel and Hussey); author’s collection. Paratypes: New HampsHire—Male, 12 Aug., 1922, Contoocook. NEw Yorx—Male, 24 June, 1917, Fort Mont- gomery (F. M. Schott). PENNsyLvanria—Male, 20 Aug., 1909, Greely, Pike County, alt. 2300 ft. (Einer Olsen). P. fraternus var. regalis Knight, new variety. Male: Length 8.7 mm., width 3.4mm. Head: Width 1.57 mm., vertex .86 mm.; red, eyes black. Rostrum, length 2.9 mm., nearly attaining hind margins of posterior coxae, brownish black. Antennae: Segment 1, length .83 mm., clothed with erect pilose hairs, length of certain hairs equal to thickness of segment; ii 3.09 mm., pubescent, a few hairs near base equal to thickness of Segment; 111) 1.69 mm. ; iv, 1.23 mm, Eronotum:) Length 1:71 mm.,. width at base 2.6:mm., ‘collar 1.28mm.; uniformly bright red, pale pubescent, surface very finely granulate. Scutellum bright red like the pronotal disk; sternum and pleura bright red. Hemelytra: Surface finely rugulose granulate, opaque; black, embolium, outer half of cuneus, and outer margin of corium, pale to bright red. Legs: Brownish black, coxae red; tibiae thickly clothed with long pilose hairs, spines not evident. Venter: Bright red, pale pubescent; genital segment with prom- inent tubercle at base of left clasper, and a smaller one at base of right clasper. Slight differences may be noted between this form and the typical fraternus but until more material is studied, and better structural characters are found, it is perhaps better to use a varietal name. Female: Length 9.5 mm., width 3.6mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. Holotype. Male, 5 May, 1918, Gainesville, Fla. (C. J. Drake); author’s collection. Allotype: 30 May, 1918, type locality (C. J. Drake). Paratypes: District oF CoLuMBIA.—Female, 4 May, 1884, Washington (O. Heidemann). Fioripa—Female, 5 May, 1918, female, 7 July, 1918, Gainesville (C. J. Drake). New Jrersev—Female, 27 June, 1908, Malaga (Wm. T. Davis). VircintAa—Female, 21 June, 1914, Nelson County (W. Robinson). Female and nymph, 19 June, 1906, “Va.” (D. H. Clemons). NortH CaroLina— Male, 19 May, Male, 24 May, 1919, Southern Pines (A. H. Manee). P. fraternus var. discifer Knight, new variety. Similar to regalis but the pronotal disk, except lateral margins and calli, black; between calli, and the dorsal area of collar, some- times black, calli always red. Holotype: Female, 6 May, 1912, Lakeland, Fla) (Wm. T. Davis) ; author’s collection. Paratypes: FLortpa—Females (2), 5 May, 10918, Gainesville (C. J. Drake). MaryLanp—Female, 26 June, 1882, Blandens- burg (O. Heidemann). Female, 26 June, 1911, Cabin John Bridge (Wm. T. Davis). 560 10. ral IZ. 13 14. CONNECTICUT. GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Tribe CAPSINI. Key to Genera. Pronotum punctate, sometimes only very finely punctate but usually distinctly so; strongly shining, calli usually prominent .......... 2 Pronotum impunctate, or with fine aciculate punctures only ...... 9 Antennal segment i1 linear or -practically so ~......... fcesee eee Antennal segment 11 clavate; juga tumidly convex; vertex broad, transversely striolate each side near eyes; short oval, convex, black “Species: |. 27-72 tees he eine ieee ed ene (p. 571) Capsus Antennal segment 11 distinctly thinner at base than apex, some- times sublinear but then distinctly thinner than segment i....... 4 Antennal segment ii linear although noticeably thickened, nearly as thick as segment i, entirely sublinear (male) or slightly anten- nuate toward base (female) ; both segments bearing heavy black PUDESCENCE oe NER red aig Ms wine shader Raton Ue hi ele Ske 8 Pronotum between calli and anteriorly before collar, punctate ... 5 Pronotum between calli and anteriorly before collar, impunctate, subele vated) <2 scdyeris Sty ceeihon Sch alee aera oiaidecss Sepneenn eeeee 7 Lateral margins of pronotum carinate, form more ovate 6 Lateral margins of pronotum ecarinate, form more elongate and Siipsparallel su ceshow cs, ote ae GRR Le oye Mm mere caps (p. 567) Xenoborus Antennal segment i distinctly thicker than segment ii, both seg- ments: blacks) color, redvand! blackeaas. 2. wen (p. 561) Tropidosteptes Antennal segment i slender, scarcely equaling thickness of seg- ment ii at apex; if colored reddish, then antennal segments i and it pale or yellowish. 2: 4. Se nose nese es nae (p. 561) Neoborus Frons transversely striolate, dorsum practically glabrous; rostrunr attaining base of seventh abdominal segment ....(p. 572) Platylygus Frons nonstriolate, but if so, then the dorsum distinctly pubescent; rostrum rarely extending beyond tips of hind coxae ..(p. 572) Lygus (3) Vertex convex, polished, carina nearly obsolete; form broad and rather convex, distinctly widened behind middle; large red SPECIES! ag ee Te Ui eeraleh ine ten eh ee eee nt oe (p. 571) Coccobaphes Vertex with base more flattened, distinctly carinate; body oblong, . hemelytra (subpanallel een 4. err tere ecu se: ane (p. 560) Lygidea (1) Antennal segment i thickened and clothed with numerous flat- tetied Shaars.. fc hrs oii Myce ae Cem ete Se hee ce (p. 615) Neurocolpus Antennal segment i devoid of flattened hairs ......... 320. . see 10 Pronotum with two subexcavated, opaque black spots situated behind the callosities; antennal segment i clothed with long black hairs: and: setaes.'.5. fae eee ee ere eer (p. 610) Paracalocoris Pronotum without black spots, or if present, superficial and seg- ment i of antennae without prominent long black hairs or setae; length of hairs on antennal segment i rarely exceeding thickness of the ‘Segment 0.0/5 ee eee ye see cee = cine * © see ote ee ee eee (p. 588) caryae Embolium greenish, clavus and inner half of corium dark fuscous to. blackish 4.cewt.c foe cee = ee ee ee eee (p. 587) (male) tiliae Embolium scarcely paler, hemelytra and whole dorsum nearly uni- form dark brownish plac ae ens yee (p. 504) (male) hirticulus Cy) Hind femora biannulate near apices with brownish black or DATS: seis s.2cie ehh a oie asks Sons Seg s neteteea te a karly oa cee 26 Hind femora dark brownish to black on apical half but not dis- tinctly biannulate, distinctly. pale on apex only .........9350e%ee 32 Antennal segments i and ii black; embolium, outer half of corium, ands ctneus spale transiicent:..5 ase ae se ee ee (p. 593) johnsoni Antennal segment i pale or only slightly brownish; embolium apically and outer half of corium darkened, but if not, then anten- nal segment i distinctly pale... 4.2... 6. 0.025.225 0-5) eee 27, Sides of body and usually hind femora distinctly reddish ......... (p. 500) communis Sides of body and femora not distinctly reddish ................. 28 Embolium infuscated apically, or if not, then the calli and just before with blackish»... 2 oc..e6ccds bes 0s . 00d oe eee 29 Embolium and basal half of corium pale, a large blackish spot on apical half of corium; clavus and a nearly quadrate spot behind each callus blackish; calli and just before without blackish .... canadensis var. binotatus Antennal segment ii distinctly infuscated, at least apically ........ 30 Antennal segments i and ii yellowish; clavus, apical half of corium and Jemboluni DlaCKISH .11te oe el al ce nee (p. 586) parrotti Calli blackish before as well as behind, a small fuscous spot or ray on median line just before or extending between calli ...... BT Calli and a widening ray behind each callus blackish, in darkest specimens the whole disk blackish but a distinct pale ray remains between the calli; head and legs usually slightly tinged with red- dish; in darkest specimens the scutellum and basal half of corium LeMay Pallet .. « io rr 35 Pronotal disk with black stripe traversing outer half of callus and extending to basal margin; pale yellowish, clavus and extremity of: corium and emboliumablacksrnner eeeisr. scnert = sia (p. 589) vitticollis Pronotal disk with two conspicuous black spots, one behind each callus and forming nearly square spots; ground color yellowish brown; hind femora blackish except extreme tips (p. 589) atrinotatus Pronotal disk with a conspicuous black ray behind each callus, slender but becoming broader distally; ground color yellowish brown with fuscous, distinctly tinged with pink; hind femora reddish brown, indistinctly annulated with paler at apices#. 7a (p. 507) laureae No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 583 L. (Neolygus) fagi Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 603, 1017. Male: Length 4.8mm., width 1.94mm.; not darker than the female and both sexes look much like the female of hirticulus ; differs from /urticulus by being more fulvo-aeneous in coloration and by the dark fuscous membrane; genital claspers distinctive of the species (fig. 106). Female: Slightly larger and more robust than the male; very similar to the female of hirticulus, but usually distinguishable by the infuscated membrane and in general by the more fulvo- aeneous coloration. Breeds on Fagus grandifolia and perhaps Betula lutea. Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont. Pook Z K ° a invilus alrilylus ¥ Fic. 107. Lygus invitus Say,— Fic. 108. Lygus atritylus male genital claspers, (a) left Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Knight. L. (Neolygus) invitus (Say). ee anvitus Say, Heter. N. Harm., 24, 1832; Compl. Writ. i, 345, 1850. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, pl. 604, 1917. Male: Length 5 mm., width 2mm.; dark greenish with fuscous or blackish, sides of the body with a dark fuscous stripe extending the full length of the body, including the whole genital segment ; scutellum with a pale median vitta on apical half; disk of pro- notum dark brownish or blackish but never with two distinct rays as In communts; genital claspers distinctive of the species (fig. 107). Female: Length 5.1 mm., width 2.2mm.; slightly more robust than the male, very similar in coloration but in general lighter- colored, the pale vitta on scutellum more extended. Breeds on Ulmus americana. : Danbury, 15 June, 1909 (C. W. J.); New Haven, 25 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); South Meriden, 15 June (H. L. J.); Winnipauk, 16 June, nooo. (C. W. J.). 584 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. L. (Neolygus) atritylus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 606, 1917. Male: Length 5.2 mm., width 2.2 mm.; closely related to invitus and fagi, the darker forms much resembling a pale or yellowish form of invitus; greenish yellow to pale brownish, corium slightly darkened apically with fuscous, cuneus uniformly pale translucent ; hind femora with two subapical bands, sides of body, and more or less on head, reddish; easily distinguished by the black tylus and genital claspers (fig. 108). Female: Length 5.4mm., width 2.36mm.; very similar to the male in coloration except that the corium is rarely, if ever, darkened with fuscous. Breeds on Salix. Allotype: Male, 13 July, 1920, Cranberry Lake, N. Y. (C. J. Drake), taken on Salix; author’s collection. New Hampshire, New York, Vermont. L. (Neolygus) confusus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 606, 1917. Male: Length 5.3mm., width 2.05 mm.; green, differs from alni in lacking the strong bronze colors, in having a fuscous spot at tip of corium, and in different membrane markings; fuscous spots at base of tibial spines more distinct than in ali, and in addi- pais 7) c} - confusus alni Fic. 109. Lygus confusus Fig. 110. Lygus alni Knight— Knight,—male genital claspers, male genital claspers, (a) left (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly Greatly enlarged. Drawing by enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Dr KRarcht. Knight. tion there are small fuscous spots on lower side of posterior femora; genital claspers distinctive of the species (fig. 109). Female: Length 4.3 mm., width 2.2mm.; very similar to the male but more robust, coloration slightly paler. Allotype: Female, 30 July, 1919, Peaks Island, Me. (G. A. Moore) ; author’s collection. Maine, New Hampshire, New York. L. (Neolygus) alni Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 607, 1917. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 585 Male: Length 5.7 mm., width 2mm.; closely related to viridis Fallen, but differs in the male genital claspers, in having the scutellum distinctly darker, and in that the apical part of antennal segment 1i 1s not infuscated; more slender than viridis, bright green, bronze on clavus and basally on disk of pronotum, with a more dilute bronze on scutellum and on inner half of corium; tibial spines infuscated at base; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 1100) Female: Not differing from the male in coloration but slightly more robust. Breeds on Alnus incana. New Hampshire, New York. L. (Neolygus) geneseensis Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bull. 391, 609, 1917. Male: Length 5 mm., width 2.05 mm.; yellowish brown to dark brown and fuscous; allied to viburni, having much the same color pee 6 Cc a ; _w geneseensis viburni Fic. 111. _Lygus geneseensis Fic. 112. Lygus viburni Knight, Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) —male genital claspers, (a). left left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Knight. but differing by the slightly smaller size, in the longer rostrum, and in the structure of the genital claspers (fig. III). Female: Length 4.9 mm., width 2.1mm.; very similar to the male but more uniformly yellowish brown; distinguished from viburnt by the uniformly yellowish color of the antennae, and by the length of the rostrum which extends to posterior margins of hind coxae. Breeds on Quercus alba. Massachusetts, Long Island, N. Y. *L. (Neolygus) viburni Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 609, 1917. Male: Length 5.2 mm., width 2.08 mm. ; width of head 1.03 mm., vertex .38mm.; smaller than ommnivagus, and more yellowish 586 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. brown; closely related to geneseensis, but differs in the male claspers, in being more robust, in having a shorter rostrum, in that apical half of antennal segment 11 is infuscated, and having in general a richer yellowish brown color. Female: Length 5.3mm., width 2.28mm.; width of head 1.03 mm., vertex .45mm.; very similar to the male in coloration but usually not so dark; distinguished from geneseensis by the shortness of rostrum, which scarcely attains posterior margins of intermediate coxae, and by the second antennal segment which is darkened on apical half. Breeds on Viburnum lentago. New Haven, 11 June, 1914 (B. H. W.). L. (Neolygus) parrotti Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xiv, 21, 1919. Male: Length 5.1 mm., width 1.9 mm.; closely related to wiburni but distinguished by the longer rostrum, fuscous rays on disk of pronotum, antennal segments i and ii yellowish, clavus and apical half of corium fuscous; resembles parshleyi but differs in the right genital clasper and in the entirely yellowish segments 1 and 11 of the antennae. Female: Very similar to the male in size and coloration. Breeds on Viburnum sterilis and Viburnum opulus. New York. ‘c parr alli arshleyi Fic. 113. Lygus parrott: Knight, Fic. 114. Lygus parshleyi —male genital claspers, (a) left Knight,—male genital claspers, clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly right clasper, ventral aspect. enlarged.—Drawing by Dr. H. H. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Knight. Be: Knisht: L. (Neolygus) parshleyi Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 611, 19017. Male: Length 4.8mm., width 2mm.; closely related to atrino- tatus but differs materially in the genital claspers (fig. 114), in not having the blackish rays on pronotum clearly defined as spots, and in general by the more brownish coloration. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 587 Female: Length 5mm., width 2.1 mm.; the dark colors much reduced, otherwise similar to the male in coloration. Food plant unknown. Maine, New Hampshire. *L. (Neolygus) inconspicuus Knight. Cornell’ Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391;-612; 1017. Male: Length 4.5 mm., width 2.08 mm.; pale greenish, a trans- verse spot of brownish at apex of corium and dark brownish on clavus bordering scutellum ; in general appearance resembling most the female of tiliae and both sexes of clavigenitalis, but differing greatly from those species in form of genital claspers (fig. 115). Female: Length 4.8mm., width 2.25 mm.; very similar to the male in size and coloration; similar in size and general appearance to females of clavigenitalis and tiliae; distinguished from tiliae by the pale scutellum, and from clavigenitalis by the more greenish color and paler scutellum. Breeds on Vitis rotundifolia. New Haven, 23 June (B. H. W.). *L. (Neolygus) tiliae Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 613, 1917. Male: Length 4.6mm., width 1.74mm.; rather small, scarcely as large as imvitus; greenish yellow with the base of pronotum darker, the scutellum, clavus, and corium dark fuscous to blackish ; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 116). 4 Cc INCONSPICUU: : +S) a \d P liliae Fig. 115. Lygus imconspicuus Fic. 116. Lygus tiliae Knight,— Knight,—male genital claspers, male genital claspers, (a) left (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right right clasper, ventral aspect. clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Ae AD Knight: Knight Female: Length 5 mm., width 2mm.; lighter colored than the male and usually slightly larger; pronotum yellowish, scutellum and clavus only slightly darkened, apex of corium with a triangular dark patch, much resembling belfragi in this respect; similar in 588 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. size and general appearance to females of inconspicuus and clavi- genitalis; distinguished from tnconspicuus by having a more conical shape to front of head, and in the darker-colored scutellum ; clavigemitalis differs in having more brownish and in the paler scutellum. Breeds on Tilia americana. Danielson, 21 June, 1920 (J. T. Ashworth) ; Middletown, 17 June, 1909 (C. W. J.) ; Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *L. (Neolygus) caryae Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 615, 1917. Male: Length 5.4mm. (variation 4.8-5.7 mm.), width 2.1 mm.; dark brownish to black, cuneus pale and thus superficially resem- bling Neoborus geminus (Say); the paler brown forms suggest Lygus omnivagus; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 117). Female: Length 5.5 mm. (variation 5-6.3 mm.), width 2.3 mm. ; more robust than the male, frequently with brownish yellow between the calli and extending back over the disk. Breeds on hickory (Carya). Branford, 8 June, 16 June (B. H. W.); New Haven, 21 June, 24 June, 1905 (B. H .W.); Portland, 5 June, 1914 (B. H. W.); Yalesville, 27 June, 1907 (B. H. W.). | c alr inolalus Fic. 117. Lygus caryae Knight, Fic. 118. Lygus atrinotatus —male genital claspers, (a) left Knight,—male genital claspers, clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly right clasper, ventral aspect. enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Knight. H. H. Knight. *L. (Neolygus) caryae var. subfuscus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 616, 1917. A yellowish brown color form which differs greatly in general aspect from the typical caryae, very much resembling omnivagus in coloration. Antennal segment i1 brownish with fuscous, basal one-third and frequently one-half, yellowish brown as segment i. Yellowish brown, pronotum with two black spots, one behind each eye and frequently extending back over the calli thus forming two No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 589 black rays; scutellum pale yellowish, frequently fuscous at base, in darker specimens a fuscous median line extending from base toward apex. Hemelytra in color very much resembling those of omnivagus, but the two black rays on pronotum, and the dark color of the scutellum appearing along the median line, distinguish this variety at once from that species. Branrord, $ June, 13. June. (B. TH.-W.); | Portland; (5 June; 1014 CBeEiaw.)'; ‘South Meriden, 7 June (H. L. J.):. L. (Neolygus) atrinotatus Knight. Cornell’ Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 301, 617, 1917. Male: Length 4.7 mm., width 2.08 mm.; resembles canadensis var. binotatus and certain color forms of parshleys, but differs greatly in the genital claspers (fig. 118); yellowish brown, antennal segment 11 and two conspicuous spots on pronotum black ; clavus, apical half of corium, and narrow lateral margins of scutel- lum, blackish; a blackish stripe on the sides extending for full length of body. Female: Length 5.5mm., width 2.3mm.; slightly larger and more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. District of Columbia, North Carolina, Pennsylvania. ee el a il ie Q tt bc villicollis”’ negleclus Fic. 119. Lygus. vitticollis Fic. 120. Lygus neglectus Reuter,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. L. (Neolygus) vitticollis Reuter. ee vitticollis Reuter, Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, I, 1876. diesel Univ, Agr. Expt. Sta, Bull, aor, 6:8, ror7. Male: Length 5.8mm., width 2.48mm.; elongate, easily dis- tinguished by its large size and black markings; pale yellowish, two rays on pronotum, clavus, apical half of posterior femora, apices of corium and embolium, black ; rostrum reaching only upon intermediate coxae; genital claspers (fig. 119) distinctive. 590 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: More robust than the male but not differing in coloration. Breeds on Acer saccharum and Acer rubrum. Branford, 8 June (B. H. W.) ; Cornwall, 23 June (K. F. C.); Danbury, 15 June, 1909 (C. W. J.); Eastford, 12 June (B. H. W.); East River, Aug., 1910 (C. R. E.); Litchfield, 20 June, 1908 (L. B. W.); New Haven, g June, 1905, 16 June, 1921 (B H. W.). L. (Neolygus) neglectus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 619, 1917. Male: Length 5.2mm., width 2.3mm.; bright green, robust, shorter and broader than pabulinus,; easily distinguished from that species by the presence of a distinct carina on base of vertex; head, calli, and ventral side of body, becoming yellowish; a small fuscous cloud on anal area of membrane and inner angles of cuneus; genital claspers (fig. 120) distinctive. Female: Length 5.6mm., width 2.4mm.; very similar to the male but more robust in form. Breeds on Carpinus caroliniana. Massachusetts. communis univillalus Fic. 121. Lygus communts Fig. 122. Lygus wunivittatus Knight,—male genital claspers, Knight,—male genital __claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by HoH. Knrent Dr Heo Knicht L. (Neolygus) communis Knight. Can. Ent., xlviii, 346, 1916. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 620, 1917. Male: Length 5.5 mm., width 2.3 mm.; greenish and darkened with brownish and fuscous; suggestive of wvzitus but easily dis- tinguished by the two black rays on disk of pronotum, by the red- dish color in lateral stripe of the body, and by the larger size; differs structurally by absence of longitudinal line on vertex and in the form of the genital claspers (fig. 121). Female: More robust than the male, scarcely differing in color- ation although usually slightly paler. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 591 Breeds on Cornus stolonifera, C. paniculata, and the cultivated pear. Commonly known as the “false tarnished plant bug,” and is a destructive pest on pears in New York and on apples in Nova Scotia. Middletown, 17 June, 1909 (C. W. J.); South Meriden, June, 1015 GENGIE I.) L. (Neolygus) univittatus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr: Expt. Sta., Bull. 301, 623, 1017. Male: Length 5.3mm., width 2.2mm.; resembling laureae in coloration, but smaller than that species; similar in size to large forms of quercalbae but darker colored and with reddish; distin- guished by having a median longitudinal fuscous vitta on the scutellum; antennal segment 1 black, two blackish rays on disk of pronotum behind the calli, apex of cuneus reddish; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 122). Female: Length 5.4mm., width 2.4mm.; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration. Breeds on Crataegus. New York. quercalbae Fic. 123. Lygus quercalbae Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. semivitlalus : Fic. 124. Lygus semivittatus Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. L. (Neolygus) quercalbae Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 624, 1917. Male: Length 5.7mm., width 2.4mm.; resembles omnivagus but is more reddish brown in color, differs in being more robust and in having a pale stripe through the fuscous on sides of venter ; similar to semivittatus in coloration of the venter, but differs in not having distinct fuscous spots behind the calli and in general by the more reddish color; genital claspers (fig. 123) distinctive. 592 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: Length 5.6 mm., width 2.6mm.; more robust than the male, but very similar in coloration; larger and more reddish than omnivagus and semivittatus; distinguished by pale stripe on sides of venter and by absence of fuscous spots behind the calli, also by the distinctly reddish color on hind femora and sides of body. Breeds on Quercus alba. New Haven, 7 July, 1920 (B. H. W.); Orange, 22 June, 1920 GB ry, Vays L. (Neolygus) semivittatus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 626, 1917. Male: Length 5.3 mm., width 2.28mm.; resembles omnivagus in coloration of the hemelytra; two small fuscous marks on disk behind calli; very suggestive of caryae var. subfuscus but differs by having a pale stripe through the fuscous on sides of venter; similar to quercalbae in having the venter fuscous brown and with pale stripe dividing the dark color, but distinguished at once by the fuscous marks on pronotum; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 124))e Female: Length 5.4mm., width 2.2mm.; very similar to the male in coloration but with less fuscous on the hemelytra; most easily confused with caryae var. subfuscus but distinguished by the longitudinal pale stripe running through the fuscous color on sides of venter. Breeds on Quercus alba. Long Island, N. Y. *L. (Neolygus) omnivagus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 627, 1917. Male: Length 5.4 mm., width 2.2 mm.; yellowish brown, corium dark brownish to fuscous apically, clavus dark brownish or black- ish; very much resembling forms of semivitiatus and quercalbae, also might be confused by coloration with caryae var. subfuscus ; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 125). Female: Length 5.4mm., width 2.5mm.; usually paler than the male, more yellowish brown; never with reddish as in querc- albae, nor with fuscous marks on the pronotum as in semivittatus or in caryae var. subfuscus; very similar to canadensis but that species has the apical one-third of antennal segment 11 more dis- tinctly black, the fuscous spot on the apex of the corium smaller and not invading the pale embolium. Breeds on Quercus alba, Q. rubra, Q. coccinea, and probably other oaks; breeds occasionally on Cornus, Castanea, and Viburnum. Branford, 28 July, 19005 (H. L. V.); Danbury; 15. June, 1900) (CW Darien, 10 June, 1912 (C. W. J.); ‘Double Beach, 5 June (H. ae Litchfield, 8 Aug., 1912 (L. B. W.); Middletown, 17 June, 1909 (C. New Haven, 8 June, 1904, 4 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 593 *L. (Neolygus) johnsoni Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 629, 1917. Male: Length 5.7 mm., width 2.3 mm.; resembles communis in having two prominent black spots on pronotum, but is distin- guished at once by the clear outer margin of hemelytra and the dark fuscous inner half of corium; the long, thick, upturned prong of the left genital clasper is distinctive of the species (fig. 126). Female: Slightly more robust than the male but similar in coloration. Breeds on Carpinus caroliniana. Hamden, 20 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); Middletown, 17 June, 1909 (C. W. J.), type locality. ANY Rs Wf Si A omnivagu Fic. 125. Lygus omnivagus Fic. 126. Lygus johnsont Knight,—male, genital claspers, Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right (c) right clasper, ventral clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly aspect. Greatly -enlarged. enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Knight. L. (Neolygus) belfragii Reuter. Ofiv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, 71, 1876. Cornell) Univ, Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 301, 630, 1917. Male: Length 5.8mm., width 2.28mm.; elongate, green or greenish yellow, clavus brownish and tinged with fuscous and bronze, apex of corium with a triangular fuscous or blackish patch, membrane fuscous longitudinally through the middle; general aspect resembling confusus, alni, and females of tiliae; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 127). Female: Length 5.5-5.8mm.; similar to the male in coloration but in form more robust. Breeds on Acer spicatum and Viburnum acerifolium. Branford, 13 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 28 June, 1920 CB) EL. W..): L. (Neolygus) clavigenitalis Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 632, 1917. 594 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Male: Length 4.8 mm., width 2.17 mm.; yellowish brown, with darker brown on the clavus and apex of corium; resembling most the female of tiliae, and both sexes of inconspicuus; differs from those species by lacking the green, in having the pronotum evenly shaded with yellowish brown, and in being more brownish than fuscous on the hemelytra; genital claspers very distinctive of the species (fig. 128). Female: Length 5.1 mm., width 2.3mm.; slightly larger and more robust than the male but very similar in coloration; most likely to be confused with the females of tiliae and inconspicuus, also resembling the pale forms of vwiburni and geneseensts. Points of difference are: iwnconspicuus 1s more greenish and the fuscous marks on clavus and apex of corium are more in contrast; tiliae is more green, particularly the pronotum, and the scutellum is darkened with fuscous; wiburnt has nearly the whole corium brownish, apex of embolium darkened, and the apical half of antennae fuscous; geneseensis is very similar to viburns except that the antennae are not fuscous, but the embolium is darkened to even a greater extent. Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (P. G.). RQ SSS =°\. ee elfragil clavigenial : Fic. 127. Lygus belfragit Fic. 128. Lygus clavigenitalis Reuter,—male genital claspers, (a) Knight,—male genital claspers, left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, right clasper, ventral aspect. (c) right clasper, ventral aspect, Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. eee. Kenieht: L. (Neolygus) hirticulus Van Duzee. Lygus tenellus Van Duzee, Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., Bull. x, 484, 1912. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 633, 1917. Male: Length 4.8mm., width 2.28mm.; dark ferrugino- testaceous, sometimes entirely dark fuscous or blackish excepting the legs and antennae; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 120) No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 595 Female: Length 5.3 mm., width 2.3mm.; slightly larger and more robust than the male; uniformly colored with yellowish brown or in some cases dark brown, hemelytra rarely much darker than pronotum; could easily be confused with fagi, but may be distinguished by the membrane which is uniformly and faintly tinged with fuliginous and is never dark as in fagi. N S c hirliculus Fig. 129. Lygus hirticulus Van Duzee,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. canadensis Fic. 130. Lygus canadensis Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Breeds sparingly on several plants; reared from chestnut, beech, and woodbine. New Haven, 25 June, 1920 (B. H. W.). L. (Neolygus) canadensis Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 634, 1917. Male: Length 5.5 mm., width 2.08mm.; resembles omnivagus in general appearance; yellowish brown, clavus and apex of corium dark brownish, margins of the scutellum sometimes brown- ish; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 130). Female: Slightly more robust than the male, usually with less dark brown on the hemelytra. New Jersey, New York. L. (Neolygus) canadensis var. binotatus Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 301, 635, 1917. Male genital claspers similar to those of canadensis, but differs at least in having a very distinct ray behind each callus which extends to near basal margin of the disk; scutellum appears more convex and with dark brownish at the sides. New Jersey, New York. L. (Neolygus) ostryae Knight. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 635, 1917. 596 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Male: Length 5.8mm., width 2.36mm.; resembles pale and yellowish specimens of belfragu, usually slightly larger and more strongly yellowish brown in color; embolium and basal half of corium pale yellowish, clavus and apical half of corium brownish to dark brown, cuneus clear tinged with yellow; readily distin- guished by the two unusually large upturned prongs of the left genital clasper (fig. 131). oslryae Fic. 131. Lygus ostryae Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) genital seg- ment, left lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, dorsal aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. Female: Length 6mm., width 2.4mm.; similar to the male in coloration but in form slightly larger and more robust. Breeds on Ostrya virginiana. Massachusetts, New York, Vermont. L. (Neolygus) nyssae Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xiii, 43, 1918. c| YSSae laureae Fic. 132. Lygus nyssae Knight, Fic. 133. Lygus laureae Knight, —male genital claspers, (a) left male genital claspers, (a) genital clasper, dorsal aspect, (b) lateral segment, left lateral aspect, (not aspect of left clasper and tip of to scale), (b) left clasper, dorsal venter, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect, (c) right clasper, ventral aspect. Greatly enlarged. Draw- aspect. Greatly enlarged. Draw- Ins by Dre He wknieht: ing by Dr. H. H. Knight. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 597 Male: Length 5.5 mm., width 2.5 mm.; slightly more robust but in general structure similar to quercalbae; pronotum and scutellum evenly shaded with rich brown, clavus and corium darker brown; genital claspers distinctive of the species (fig. 132), most closely related to laureae. Female: Length 5.6mm., width 2.57mm.; very similar to the male in size and coloration. Breeds on sour gum (Nyssa sp.). Lyme, 16 June, 1919 (B. H. W.). L. (Neolygus) laureae Knight. Cornell, Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 391, 636, 1917. Male: Length 6mm., width 2.4mm.; resembles communis but is larger; yellowish brown, tinged with pink; form of genital claspers very unusual and distinctive (fig. 133). Female: Length 6.4mm., width 2.6mm.; similar to the male but slightly more robust, and everywhere with more reddish; sides of the thorax and venter with more reddish than fuscous. Breeds on mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia). New York, Pennsylvania. Dichrooscytus Fieber. D. suspectus Reuter. Acta Soc .Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, 37, 1900. Length 5 mm., width 2mm.; very similar to rufipennis Fallen, if not identical; yellowish green, base of scutellum, hemelytra except embolium and inner angles of cuneus, deep reddish; membrane lightly infumed, veins reddish. Breeds on Pinus resinosa and P. sylvestris. Stonington, 15 July, 1914 (I. W. Davis). D. elegans Uhler. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxvii, 356, 1904. Length 3.5 mm., width 1.5mm.; bright green below, greenish above but tinged with reddish on hemelytra; in color quite resembling a small form of suspectus. Food plants: Red cedar (Juniperus virgomiana) and white cedar (Thuja occidentalis). New York. D. viridicans Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xiii, 114, 1918. Male: Length 3.2 mm., width 1.25 mm.; very similar in struc- ture to elegans, but bright green in color, the pubescence on prono- tum blackish and more conspicuous; head, coxae, and femora, often becoming pale to brownish; pronotum and scutellum some- times more yellowish green than bright green; cuneus green, margins on the apical half reddish; membrane fuscous, cell veins sometimes reddish. 598 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: Length 3.3 mm., width 1.4mm.; slightly more robust than the male but not differing in coloration. Breeds on red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) ; sometimes found in company with elegans but of numerous specimens examined no variation is evident which would indicate that we are dealing with forms of a single species. Allotype: Male, 11 July, 1920, Taghanic, N. Y. (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Long Island, N. Y. Polymerus Hahn. (Poeciloscytus Authors). Key to Species. 1. Rostrum reaching upon hind coxae, or slightly beyond ........... 2 Rostrum not reaching upom hind coxae .......5. 2... 29.8 4 2. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind margins of posterior coxae ...... 3 Rostrum reaching slightly beyond posterior coxae; yellowish brown and darkened with fuscous, cuneus red, or rarely paler basalis 3. Dorsum with pale and black; apical half of femora fulvous, tibiae pale; cuneus, and scutellum except basal angles, pale .......... nigropallidus n. sp. Dorsum uniformly black, or only very narrowly pale on tip of embolium and cuneus; apical half of femora reddish brown but with a subapical paler annulus; tibiae stained with reddish ..... | tinctipes n. sp. 4. Rostrum reaching upon middle coxae 22.7. .-.:..... 2. ee eee 5 Rostrum not reaching beyond hind margin of sternum ........... 6 5. Rostrum attaining hind margins of middle coxae; dorsum black, narrow apex of cuneus and slenderly each side of fracture, pale; tibiae unitormly, blacks 7 eete ceria re el proximus n. sp. Rostrum just attaining middle of intermediate coxae; dorsum black and with pale, tip of scutellum and basal angle of corium pale, cuneus-withopale red, and black ayy Bebe sc. oe eitoteres unifasciatus 6. ‘Rostrum not reaching beyond middle of sternum ......)0.2. S5eeer bf Rostrum nearly attaining posterior margin of sternum; legs rather uniformly fulvous but hind femora with a small group of fuscous points on anterior face at middle of apical half ..... punctipes n. sp 7. “Njbiae fulvous or with pale 2. ...).(eeee ies 510 o's 0 +: ci e)s oe ice een 8 Tibtae black seiocis ad, 2k bis a 5 aap I eno See oe ore 9 8. Legs uniformly fulvous; cuneus and embolium pale or fulvous .. fulvipes n. sp. Legs red, apical one-third of femora black; tibiae yellowish, apices, and more or less broadly at base, black; antennal seg- ment ii yellowish, blackish apically ..2.............. venustus n. sp. 9. Rostrum reaching behind front coxae, or to near middle of sternum 10 Rostrum scarcely attaining hind margins of front coxae; femora red. with: only apices black: (cc) eccece see ptetegs ete tcl ehas ons gerhardi n. sp. 10. Cuneus red; male with coxae black, and antennal segment 11 dis- tinctly more slender than segment i; coxae yellow in female ; dorsum black, somewhat shining, clothed with silvery sericeous | PUDESCENCE NE ee tepauclesleh die sioke one dekard eters aye es onto venaticus Cuneus black; male with coxae yellow as in the female, antennal segment ii equally thick as segment i; dorsum deep black, opaque, scutellum and hemelytra clothed chiefly with black pubescence .. opacus n. sp. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 599 P. basalis (Reuter). Ofv. Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh., xxxii, No. 9, 73, 1876. Length 3.7-4.8mm., width 1.7-2.3mm.; pale to yellowish and darkened with fuscous and black; hemelytra yellowish translucent, clavus and apical half of corium chiefly fuscous; scutellum black, apex more or less pale; cuneus red, sometimes the embolium and legs also tinged with reddish; posterior femora with two subapical fuscous bands; clothed with silvery sericeous pubescence which appears golden yellow in certain lights. Food plant: Dog fennel (Anthemis). Mastuniver, cept, 1010, (C, R, E.);. New. Haven, 24 june, 1920 CEN IES: M.), 20 July, 1904 (W. E. B. e 12) July. 1616, OMAP Z)i 6 tee Lae. OJuly, TOIL, 28 Aug., 1910; (B. H::W-.); Orange, 23 July, 1904 P. nigropallidus. Knight, new species. Male: Length 4.3 mm., width 1.8mm. Head: Width 1 mm., vertex .34mm.; collum broadly exposed; black, carina, spot each side of vertex bordering eye, median line on vertex and front, lora, bucculae, and stripe each side of gula, pale; head shaped nearly as in basalis. Rostrum, length 1.72mm., nearly attaining hind margins of posterior coxae, yellowish, apex blackish. mutenmae:, segment 1, length .4omm., black; ii, 1.62 mm:, cylindrical, nearly equal in thickness to segment i, black, clothed with short black pubescence; 111, .74 mm., black; iv, missing. Pronotum: Length .93 mm., width at base 1.6mm.; obscurely transversely rugulose, moderately shining, clothed with sericeous, pale to yellowish pubescence; black, collar, anterior margins of calli and just before, between calli and a rather broad spot on median line of disk but rarely reaching basal margin, basal margin but more broadly at basal angles, pleura except near dorsal margin, pale to yellow. Scutellum pale or yellow, basal angles and the mesoscutum black; finely transversely rugulose, yellowish pubes- cent. Sternum yellowish to brownish; pleura yellowish, ostiolar peritreme pale. Hemelytra: Embolar margins only very slightly arcuate; pale, inner half of clavus and slightly bordering claval suture, blackish ; apical half of corium with a blackish stripe lying just within radial vein, the outer margin bordering embolium blackish except near apex; cuneus pale translucent, clothed with dark pubescence as on apical half of embolium and outer margin of corium; clavus except bordering commissure, and inner half of corium, clothed with yellowish sericeous pubescence. Membrane uniformly dark fuscous, veins and narrowly bordering apex of cuneus, pale. Legs: Fulvous, coxae and tibiae more yellowish or testaceous, spines and pubescence black; hind femora with two or three fine fuscous points on ventral margin; apical tarsal segment and a spot on knee of posterior tibia, fuscous. Venter rather uniformly bright yellow, pale pubescent. 600 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Female: Length 4.5mm., width 2.3mm.; very similar to the male, the pronotum somewhat more broadly pale; basal angle of cuneus reddish. Holotype: Male, 23 June, 1907, Brown’s Mills Junction, N. J.; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Male and females (3), taken with the types. Specimens kindly presented to the writer by Dr. C. J. Drake. Polymerus tinctipes Knight, new species. Male: Length 3.7 mm., width 1.63 mm. Head: Width .94mm., vertex .44mm.; black, each side of vertex with a yellow spot bordering eye; clothed with pale sericeous pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.66 mm., attaining or slightly exceeding hind margins of posterior coxae, piceous, yellowish at joints, basal segment chiefly reddish. Antennae: .Segment i, length .33mm., black; 1, 1.40mm- cylindrical, more slender at base but apical half equal in thickness (.086 mm.) to segment i, black, closely set with yellowish and dusky pubescence; i11, .66mm., blackish, somewhat thickened, tapering to more slender apically; iv, .50mm., slender, brownish black. Pronotum: Length .78mm., width at base I.40mm.;_ black, obsoletely rugulose, lower pleural margin and the xyphus pale; clothed with simple pale and sericeous silvery pubescence. Scutel- lum black, transversely rugulose, clothed with sericeous white pubescence. Sternum and pleura black, silvery pubescent; ostiolar peritreme fuscous, posterior margin somewhat yellowish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins moderately arcuate; obsoletely scabriculous, slightly shining; clothed with sericeous silvery pubes- cence; black, narrow apex of embolium and of cuneus pale. Membrane uniformly dark fusco-brownish, narrowly paler border- ing apex of cuneus, veins brownish. Legs: Coxae pale, a black spot on basal angle; femora yellow- ish, apical half reddish but divided by a yellowish annulus, ventral margin with an irregular row of six to eight fuscous dots, each dot formed at base of a prominent hair; tibiae reddish over a yellowish background, spines, pubescence, and spot on knee, black ; tarsi fuscous. Venter black, clothed with white and dusky pubescence. Female: Length 4.2mm., width 2.1mm.; embolar margins strongly arcuate; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration, the pale spots on vertex and tip of embolium slightly enlarged; antennal segment ii more slender than in the male, not attaining thickness of segment 1. Holotype: Male, 3 May, 1915, Great Falls, Md. (J. D. Hood); collection of W. L. McAtee. Allotype: taken with the type; author’s collection. Paratypes: Males (2), taken with the types (J. D. Hood); collected “on lichen covered rock.” No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 601 P. proximus Knight, new species. Closely related to nigritus Fallen but distinguished by the uni- formly dark tibiae; length of antennal segment i equal to width of vertex while in nigritus segment 1 is shorter. : Male: Length 5.3 mm., width 2.7mm. Head: Width 1.13 mm., vertex .54mm.; black, a yellowish spot each side of vertex near eye. Rostrum, length 1.8mm., barely attaining hind margins of middle coxae, black, segment ii brownish. Antennae: Segment 1, length .60 mm., thickness .114 mm., black ; ii, 2.2mm., cylindrical, thickness .086 mm., brownish black, deep black at base, clothed with brownish pubescence; iti, .85 mm., dark brownish; iv, missing. Pronotum: Length 1.18mm., width at base 2.1 mm., posterior half of disk strongly convex, transversely wrinkled, uniformly deep black, slightly shining; clothed with yellowish to sericeous pubescence. Scutellum deep black, slender apex yellowish, trans- versely wrinkled. Sternum and pleura black, ostiolar peritreme pale to yellowish, becoming darker above. Hemelytra: Embolar margins moderately arcuate; black, anal ridge, slender tip of embolium, and narrow base and apex of cuneus, pale; opaque, slightly shining, clothed with yellowish and black pubescence intermixed. Membrane and veins uniformly dark fuscous. Legs: Uniformly black, in paler forms the tibiae uniformly brownish black but with no indication of annulations. Venter uniformly black, clothed with pale to yellowish pubescence. Female: Length 5.3 mm., width 2.8 mm.; embolar margins more strongly arcuate than in the male, but general coloration similar. Head: Width 1.11 mm., vertex .57mm. Antennae: Segment i, length .57 mm., thickness .10mm.; i, 1.7 mm., thickness .08 mm., cylindrical, more slender than in the male. Holotype: Male, Greensburg, Pa. (Wirtner); Cornell Univ. collection. Allotype: 18 May, 1905, Columbia, Mo. (C. R. Crosby). Paratype: Male, 12 June, 1922 Faribault, Minn. (H. H. Knight). P,. unifasciatus Fabricius var. lateralis (Hahn). Phytocoris lateralis Hahn, Wanz. Ins., ii, 85, fig. 169, 1834. Reuter, Hem. Gymn. Eur., v, 55, 361, 1896. Length male 5.6mm., width 2.6mm.; female, length 5.2 mm., width 2.65 mm.; clothed with golden, sericeous tomentose pubes- cence, and intermixed with blackish pubescent hairs; black, scutel- lum apically, basal angle of corium, anal ridge and invading inner angle of corium, apically on embolium and corium bordering cuneus, base and apex of cuneus, tibiae, apical one-third of front and middle femora, basal half and two subapical bands on hind femora, pale to testaceous; basal one-third of antennal segment u, but more broadly in the female, testaceous to brownish; ‘cuneus with inner half red, outer margin black except for pale at base and 602 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. apex; membrane fuscous, veins and central area paler, a small clear spot bordering apex of cuneus. Breeds on Galium boreale in Minnesota. Colorado, Minnesota, New York, Canada, Maine. The typical unifasciatus is more broadly pale than variety lateralis, the embolium and corium pale except for a small fuscous patch on apical area of corium. Specimens of the typical form from North America have not been examined by the writer. Polymerus punctipes Knight, new species. Legs, embolium, and outer margins of cuneus, fulvous; hind femora with a small group of fuscous points on anterior face at middle of apical half. Male: Length 4.66mm., width 2mm. Head: Width .97 mm., vertex .47mm.; black, a yellow spot each side of vertex bordering eye; yellowish pubescent. Rostrum, length 1.23 mm., .almost attaining hind margin of sternum, yellowish, apex blackish. Antennae: Segment 1, length .51 mm., black, narrowly yellowish at base; u, 1.85 mm., nearly cylindrical, slightly thicker on middle, nearly equal in thickness to segment 1, black, clothed with black and pale pubescence intermixed; 111, .66 mm., yellowish and tinged with dusky; 1v, .80 mm., dusky. Pronotum: Length I mm., width at base 1.7 mm.; black, slightly shining, disk transversely rugulose; clothed with pale and yellow- ish sericeous pubescence. Scutellum black, transversely rugulose, clothed with yellowish pubescence, more sericeous on basal angles. Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peritreme yellow, becoming dusky on anterior lobe. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly arcuate on apical half; black, embolium and outer margin of cuneus yellowish or fulvous; surface scabriculous, slightly shining, clothed with golden sericeous pubescence and intermixed with darker pubescent hairs. Mem- brane rather uniformly fusco-brownish, a small nearly clear spot bordering apex of cuneus, veins yellowish. Legs: Fulvous, spot on knee and apical tarsal segment blackish ; hind femora with a group of from two to five fuscous points on anterior face at middle of apical half, a prominent hair arising from each of the two lower points; pubescence pale to yellowish, but blackish on apical half of femora. Venter black, clothed with pale to yellowish pubescence. Female: Length 5.2mm., width 2.4mm.; embolar margins strongly arcuate on apical half; pubescence and color similar to that of the male. Rostrum, length 1.31 mm., nearly attaining hind margin of sternum. Holotype: Male, 4 July, 1915, Four Mile, N. Y. (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: DiIstTRIcT OF CoLuMBIA—Female, 12 June, 1906, Brightwood (O. Heidemann). FLoripa —Female, “Jacksonville.” Mar1ne—Male, 22 July, 1909, Machias (C. W. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 603 Johnson). Marytanp—Males (2) and female, 4 June, 1914, Branchville to Beltsville (W. L. McAtee). Minnesota—Female, 8 July, 1921, Lake City (A. A. Nichol). Female, “Minn.” New Yorx—Males (12) and females (18), taken with the types. Male, 7 July, 19017, female, 5 July, 1920, Cranberry Lake (C. J. Drake). OnHto—Male, 11 June, 1917, Sugar Grove (C. J. Drake). Qurpec—Female, 6 July, 1918, Montreal (G. A. - Moore). The writer swept this species from scattering plants of Lysi- machia quadrifolia which were found growing along an old clay roadway. *P, fulvipes Knight, new species. Closely related to punctipes but distinguished by the shorter rostrum; cuneus, embolium, and legs, fulvous. Male: Length 4.5 mm., width 22mm. Head: Width .94mm., vertex .43 mm.; black, a yellow spot each side of vertex bordering eye; yellow pubescent. Rostrum, length .97 mm., just attaining middle of sternum, yellowish, apex blackish. Antennae: Segment i, length .48mm., yellow, apex and pubes- cence black; 1, 1.71 mm., thickness .114mm., cylindrical, equal in thickness to segment 1 but narrowed at base; iti, .54mm., fuscous; iv, .68 mm., blackish. Pronotum: Length 1.04mm., width at base 1.73 mm.; black, nearly as in punctipes, pubescence golden yellow. Scutellum black, minutely transversely rugulose, clothed with sericeous golden pubescence. Sternum and pleura black, ostiolar peritreme yellow. Hemelytra: Embolar margins slightly arcuate; black, embolium and cuneus fulvous, surface scabriculous, slightly shining, clothed with sericeous, deep golden pubescence, and intermixed apically with a few dark pubescent hairs. Membrane dark fuscous, a narrow pale spot bordering apex of cuneus, veins yellowish. Legs: Fulvous, tarsi and tips of tibiae fuscous; hind femora usually with one small fuscous dot at base of a prominent hair, set on anterior face at middle of apical half. Venter black, yellow to golden pubescent. Female: Length 5.1mm., width 2.6mm.; embolar margins more distinctly arcuate than in male; similar to the male in pubes- cence and color, bit antennal segment 11 slightly more slender. Rostrum, length 1.04 mm., just attaining middle of venter, fulvous, blackish at apex. Holotype: Male, 4 July, 1915, Four Mile, N. Y. (H. H. Knight) ; author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: CoNNEcTICUT— Females (2), 14 June, 1920, New Haven (B. H. Walden). Males (2), 21 June, 1021, Danielson (J. T. Ashworth). Male, 26 June, 1916, South Meriden (H. L. Johnson). New Yorx—Male and female, taken with the types. Females (4), 4-7 July, 1915, Bayshore, Long Island (C. E. Olsen). Female, 14 June, 1909, Pinelawn, Long Island (Wm. T. Davis). NortH CaroLtina—Female, 30 June, 1912, Black Mountains (Beutenmuller). Males (2) and females (2), 8 June, 1916, Craggy Mountains (R. W. Leiby). SoutH Daxota—Female, 25 June, 1919, Brookings (H. C. Severin). 604 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Polymerus opacus Knight, new species. Dorsum black, opaque, clothed with silvery and dusky, sericeous pubescence; antennal segment 11 of male equal in thickness to segment i, slightly more slender in the female; legs black, coxae and basal half of femora yellowish. Male: Length 4.3mm., width 2mm. Head: Width .o1 mm., vertex .46mm.; black, a small yellowish spot each side of vertex bordering eye; clothed with sericeous silvery pubescence and inter- mixed with dusky simple pubescence. Rostrum, length .94 mm., just attaining middle of venter, piceous, yellowish on joints. Antennae: Segment i, length .49 mm., thickness .114 mm., black ; il, 1.74mm., cylindrical, thickness .114mm., narrowed at base, black, rather closely dusky pubescent and beset with more promi- nent black pubescent hairs; 111, .64mm., tapering from thicker at base to more slender at apex, brownish black ; iv, .66 mm., blackish. Pronotum: Length .giI mm., width at base 1.6mm.;_ black, scarcely shining, surface minutely granulate; clothed with seri- ceous silvery pubescence; anterior angles with a glabrous opaque spot, present in other species but more conspicuous in this form; lower pleural margin narrowly pale just before coxal cleft. Scutellum transversely rugulose, silvery to dusky pubescent. Sternum dull black, median line yellowish, pleura black; ostiolar peritreme yellowish, anterior lobe becoming fuscous. Hemelytra: Embolar margins distinctly arcuate; black, opaque, clothed with silvery to dusky, sericeous pubescence; cuneus uni- formly black, dark pubescent. Membrane uniformly brownish black, narrowly paler bordering apex of cuneus, veins yellowish to dusky. Legs: Black, coxae, basal half of femora, and two basal seg- ments of tarsi, yellow to fulvous; a nearly obsolete, narrow yellowish annulus just beneath knee. Female: Length 4.8-mm., width 2.4mm.; more robust and embolar margins more strongly arcuate than in the male, but very similar in coloration. Rostrum, length 1.06mm., just attaining middle of sternum. Breeds on Aster umbellatus. Holotype: Male, 3 July, 1920, McLean Bogs, Tompkins County, N. Y. (H. H. Knight); author’s collection. Allotype: same data as the type. Paratypes: Males (16) and females (10), taken with the types on Aster umbellatus. MatNe—Male and females (2), 19 July, males (4) and females (7), 22 July, female, 25 July, females (2), 26 July, 1909, Machias (C. W. Johnson). NEw York—Male, 20 July, 1917, males (2) and females (2), 3 Aug., male, 25, Aug., 1920, The Plains (C. J. Drake). VErRmMont—Female, Ir July, 1908, Mt. Ascutney (C. W. Johnson). ONntTarto—Males and females (18), 10 July, female, 15 July, males (2) and females (2), 27 July, Parry Sound (H. S. Parish). P. venaticus (Uhler). Uhler, Hayden’s Surv. Terr., Rept. for 1871, 414, 1872. Male: Length 5.9 mm., width 2.3mm.; hemelytra elongate, tip of abdomen attaining middle of cuneus, embolar margins very No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 605 slightly arcuate; black, moderately shining; thickly clothed with sericeous, pale pubescence, a few black hairs on embolium and cuneus; cuneus fulvous or reddish. Head: Width 1.04mm., vertex .46mm. Rostrum, length 1.09 mm., just attaining middle of sternum, piceous, scarcely paler at joints. Antennae: Segment ii, length 2.31 mm., cylindrical, not equal to thickness of segment i. Legs: Black, basal half of hind and middle femora, anterior face of front femora except apically, and two basal segments of tarsi, yellow. Female: Length 5mm., width 2.57mm.; embolar margins strongly arcuate; shorter, more ovate and robust than the male; coloration similar to the male except the coxae; coxae always yellowish except for spot at base. Uhler’s description of the legs was undoubtedly drawn from a female specimen since the leg colors are distinctive of the sex in this species. A specimen in the U.S. N. M. collection has been labeled type, but that particular specimen could scarcely have served for the original description since it does not agree with the original in some essential characters. Uhler’s statement “and sometimes the costal margin red or yellow’ does not apply to venaticus, and the statement by itself implies that the type would not have the embolium yellow. In referring to the form with yellow embolium the author probably had in mind one of the eastern species herein described as punctipes or fulvipes. Of about 200 specimens of venaticus which the writer has examined, the embolium is never yellowish except narrowly at extreme apex. Breeds on Solidago altissima. Cheshire, 23 June, 1919 (M. P. Z.) ; Colebrook, 20 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Green’s Farms, 24 June, 1904 (W. E. B. ie Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (P. G.); West Haven, 27 June, 1904 (H. L. V.). P. venustus Knight, new species. Male: Length 5.2mm., width 2.3mm. Head: Width 1.01 mm., vertex .38mm.; black, a ‘yellow spot each side of vertex bordering eye, lower margin of jugum and upper margin of lorum, red; clothed with sericeous pale pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.14 mm., scarcely exceeding posterior margins of front coxae, piceous, paler at joints. Antennae: Segment i, length .81 mm., black, unusually long and thickened (.157 mm. thick) ; li, 2:00 mm., cylindrical, thickness .07 mm., yellowish, apical one- third black, pubescence taking color of surface beneath; iii, 1.02 mm., slender, yellowish to fuscous, darker apically; iv, 1.03 mm., blackish. Pronotum: Length 1.03 mm. , width 1.74 mm.; surface minutely granulate and transversely wrinkled ; clothed with yellowish to golden, sericeous pubescence ; black, lower pleural margin slenderly reddish. Scutellum black, surface and pubescence as on 606 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. pronotal disk. Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peritreme yellowish to reddish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins moderately arcuate ; black, opaque, surface rather irregularly roughened, somewhat scabriculous; clothed with golden and dusky sericeous pubescence. Membrane uniformly dark fuscous, scarcely paler bordering apex of cuneus, veins yellowish. Legs: Coxae and basal half of femora deep translucent red, lateral aspect of coxae, but more apically on front pair, becoming fuscous; apical one-half to one-third of femora black, a blackish cloud forming on anterior face of front pair near base; tibiae yellowish to fulvous, basal one-third and the apices black; tarsi yellowish, apical half of third segment fuscous. Venter black, clothed with sericeous silvery pubescence, and on genital segment with simple yellowish dusky hairs. Female: Length 5.7mm., width 2.6mm.; embolar margins more strongly arcuate apically; more robust than the male but very similar in coloration; antennal segment i equally thick as that of the male but segment 11 slightly more slender. Holotype: Male, 3 July, 1919, Warren Woods, Berrien County, Mich. (R. F. Hussey); author’s collection. Allotype: taken with type. Para- types: FLormipa—Females (2), 23 Mar., 1921, Dunedin (W. S. Blatchley). MicuH1cAN—Male and female, 26 June, male and females (3), 27 June, male, 3 July, type locality; males (3) and females (2), 30 June, 1919, male, 5 July, 1920, New Buffalo, Berrien County (R. F. Hussey). NortH Caro- LINA—Male, 21 June, Fayetteville (C. S. Brimley). Vircrnra—Male, July, 1908, Hampton. Polymerus gerhardi Knight, new species. Female: Length 6.4mm., width 2.8mm. Head: Width 1.16 mm., vertex .51 mm.; black, vertex pale at each side; clothed with sericeous white pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.08 mm., not attaining hind margins of front coxae, piceous, basal segment and joints reddish. Antennae: Segment i, length .64 mm., thickness .143 mm., black ; ii, 2.03 mm., thickness .086 mm., cylindrical, black, rather closely blackish pubescent; ii, .g6mm., fusco-brownish; iv, .88mm., fuscous. Pronotum: Length 1.24mm., width at base 2.14mm.; black, scarcely shining, rather irregularly rugulose; thickly clothed with sericeous white pubescence; margins of xyphus, and narrow lower margins of pleura, yellowish. Scutellum black, pubescent as on pronotal disk. Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peritreme yellowish. Hemelytra: Embolar margins moderately arcuate ; black, opaque, thickly clothed with sericeous white pubescence intermixed with more erect, simple black pubescent hairs. Membrane and veins uniformly dark brownish black, scarcely paler bordering apex of cuneus. Nos 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 607 Legs: Coxae and femora deep red, coxae more yellowish or orange; tips of femora, tibiae, and tarsi, black; tibiae unusually thick for the genus, spines and pubescence also black. Venter black, thickly clothed with sericeous white pubescence and inter- mixed with more erect, dark pubescent hairs. Holotype: Female, 1 July, 1911, Hessville, Ind. (W. J. Gerhard) ; author’s collection. Paratypes: Females (5), collected “at light” with the type. Among material from the U. S. National Museum the writer finds a Specimen, male, 15 April; 1906, Cotulla, Texas (F. C.. Pratt), that apparently belongs to this species although it is much smaller than the females from Indiana. | The writer takes pleasure in naming this large and beautiful species after the collector, Mr. W. J. Gerhard. Poecilocapsus Reuter. P. lineatus (Fabricius). Four-lined leaf bug. (Plate xvi, 18.) Lygaeus lineatus Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Suppl., 541, 1708, Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 58, 1893. Length 7-7.5mm., width 3.5mm.; greenish yellow with four black lines on the dorsum; certain specimens have the yellow of the hemelytra replaced with bright green. Breeds on a large number of herbaceous plants, but especially on Rume.x; occasionally becomes a pest on currant bushes. Bantam, 10, June, 1914. ¢€W. E. B.); Branford, 23 June, 1905 (CH. L. V.); 29 June, 1905 (H. W. W.); New Haven, 12 June, 18906 (W. E. B.); 14 June, 1905 (B. H. W.); Stonington, 5 July, 1906 (J. A. H.). Horcias Distant. Key to color varieties of dislocatus Say. FO ONOMMRECANO UD IACK icf ieid J's e'sck Bia Sie Sdcese ereidie oe ae veld, claw auy nasal: 2 Colon black with pale, or entirely black ...0.6.....2 00 0es0bcecgees 7, Pam enonoturn more Of 1eSS Black ® ....). 5.5.6 s sisi ore bo ernie 8a ede Siam ew ehe miele 3 EON ing UIT FOUTS TEC: o.3's ois -.sieie sve o/c: 4 4 ocerkla © a's 'e ce condhel 6 suture enn 4 3. Pronotal disk bivittate with black on basal half ..... typical dislocatus Pronotal disk black on basal half but not vittate ..variety goniphorus MWemiclemelytra red or only. slightly infuscated: ......0...000s 000 see 5 Elemelytra broadly black, or entirely black .... 00... 624.5 nie 6 PPE SSULCC HUI A Cli Ae iyo ice! o-21 6 aren’ s\fibdiswissneleibilete tee oie elerevauele « variety coccineus Scutellum red as well as the whole dorsum ....variety rubellus n. var. Gmmilcmelytra unitormly black .......ce.t ees fs cee cowie variety residuus Hemelytra with lateral margins red ...........: variety gradus n. var. FARE conotum more or less pale... .jecc ccc Sk ie alee ee evelsveleuene one 8 EGO M@uirimnirOttiliyy DIAC ¢ ssc 0ei) cs cis o/s ous, Portland, 12 “Avoe 1013) GBaybe Va). P. brevifurcatus Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Sci., xv, 53, 1920. Male: Length 5.8 mm., width 2.14mm. Very similar to exwmnius but without heavy oblique fuscous mark at apex of corium; second antennal segment darker fuscous on the middle third; head and pronotum distinctly grayish green on the paler parts; hind femora with smaller irrorations, not distinctly banded with pale; genital claspers and flagellum (fig. 149: 2) distinctive of the species. New York. P. neglectus Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Sci., xv, 54, 1920. Male: Length 6.2 mm., width 2.2mm. Resembles eximius but with antennal segment ii uniformly blackish except for the whitish annulation at base; corium and clavus usually more broadly black- No. 34.]| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 635 ish; apical band on intermediate tibiae white; infuscation at middle of membrane tending to separate into small specks; genital claspers and flagellum (fig. 149: 3) distinctive of the species. Apparently there are two generations of this species in one season. The writer took specimens most frequently on the bark of apple trees where both adults and nymphs fed on Psocids. ‘The species was also found on the bark of other trees and it is probably predaceous on most soft-bodied insects living in such situations. Maine, Massachusetts, New York. P. angustulus Reuter. Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., xxxvi, No. 2, 20, 1900. Male: Length 6.2mm., width 2.1mm. Head: width .96mm., vertex .34mm.; yellowish, bucculae and large spot at base of lorum blackish, tylus nearly uniformly yellowish. Rostrum, length 2.6 mm., attaining middle of sixth ventral segment, yellow- ish, blackish apically. Antennae: Segment i, length 1.26mm., chiefly pale yellowish, fuscous reticulations apparent and separating the more or less con- fluent pale spots; 11, 2.86mm., fuscous, more yellowish on dorsal aspect, with pale annulus at base; 111, 1.5 mm., blackish, narrowly yellowish at base; iv, I.1 mm., blackish. Pronotum: Length Imm., width at base 1.66mm.;_ fusco- grayish, calli and collar yellowish, disk becoming more nearly angustulus dimidiatus Fic. 136. Phytocoris dimidiatus Fic. 137. Phytocoris angustulus Kirsch..—male genital claspers, Reuter,—male genital claspers, (a) (a) left clasper, lateral aspect with left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) outline of genital segment added, right clasper, lateral aspect, (c) (b) right clasper, lateral aspect flagellum. Greatly _ enlarged. with outline of genital segment Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. added, (c) flagellum. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. fuscous laterally, basal submargin with two black marks each side of median line, slender basal margin yellowish; clothed with blackish and yellowish pubescent hairs, sparsely intermixed with white sericeous pubescence, thicker along median line; propleura blackish, lower margin and spot across top of coxal cleft pale. 636 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. . [Bull. Scutellum yellowish, a small brownish spot each side along margin of apical half. Sternum blackish, median line and spot behind lower margin of propleura, yellowish; propleura yellowish to fuscous, ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: Embolar margins scarcely arcuate; pale to yellow- ish and darkened with fuscous; clothed with yellowish to blackish pubescence and intermixed with spots of white sericeous tomentose pubescence; a triangular pale translucent spot at apex of corium which is confluent with pale on cuneus, also with the pale spot on middle and one near base of corium. Cuneus pale, apical half reddish to blackish, a black spot at middle of inner margin, also a spot on corio-membrane margin. Membrane uniformly dark fuscous, a paler area bordering apex of cuneus and smaller areole, somewhat pale at slightly distad of this spot but not extending to margin. Legs: Coxae pale yellowish; femora blackish, thickly con- spurcate with small pale spots, more broadly paler near base, hind pair with a subapical oblique pale band formed by coalescing pale spots; tibiae fuscous and with pale, indistinctly banded, hind pair chiefly fuscous but with broad pale area at middle of basal half. Venter: Blackish, more yellowish on genital segment; genital claspers distinctive (fig. 137). Female: Length 6.1 mm., width 2.1 mm.; very similar to the male in form and coloration. Collected by the writer on Tsuga canadensis. New York, Vermont, Nova Scotia. Phytocoris nigricollis Knight, new species. Male: Length 5.1 mm., width 1.77mm. Head: Width .92mm., vertex .28mm.; yellow, a reddish or blackish mark behind dorsal margin of eye; apical half of tylus, dorsal margins of lora, lora except apically, bucculae, and spot beneath eye, black, gula pale. Rostrum (female) length 2.34mm., extending upon fifth abdominal segment, yellowish, blackish apically. Antennae: Segment i, length .86 mm., pale yellowish, black on dorsal aspect but broken by large and small yellowish irrorations, clothed with short black and pale hairs, a pale bristle arising from each yellowish spot but in length little exceeding thickness of seg- ment; ii, 2.24mm., black, with pale annulus at base, clothed with short pale to dusky pubescence; iii, 1.18mm., black, pale at base; iv, .97 mm., black. Pronotum: Length .86 mm., width at base 1.47 mm. ; deep black, a pale spot between calli which extends upon collar, narrow basal margin of disk white, with sinuate margin bordering the black; lower pleural margin and small spot at top of coxal cleft white ; disk clothed with rather prominent black hairs, those arising from pale areas are likewise pale, sparsely intermixed with sericeous tomentose pubescence which takes ground color, most prominent No. 34.]| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 637 between calli and near margins of disk; xyphus and collar beneath white. Scutellum yellow, with an oblique black mark on apical half each side of median line, middle of mesoscutum and extending slightly upon scutellum also black; yellowish pubescent, a few dusky hairs on disk, basal angles, median line, and largely on mesoscutum, clothed with sericeous white tomentum. Sternum and pleura black, slender margin just in front of middle coxae, spot at lower margin of epimeron, and the ostiolar peritreme white. Hemelytra: Embolar margins very slightly arcuate; clavus pale yellowish, becoming fuscous at middle bordering claval suture; corium black, base, spot on middle, and triangular mark at apex bordering cuneus, pale; embolium black, base and three or four spots on middle third, pale; clothed with pale and black pubes- cence, intermixed with small tufts of white sericeous pubescence. Cuneus. yellowish, apex and inner margin except near base, black. Membrane uniformly blackish, a small pale spot at apex of cuneus, cubitus at apex of larger areole white. Legs: Coxae pale; femora black, irrorate with small and moderately large yellowish spots, bases pale, front pair with pale extending to middle of anterior aspect, extending in the same manner on dorso-posterior aspect of hind pair; hind tibiae black, a broad pale band at middle of basal half, also a pale spot on dorsal q ) b . ; nigricollis husseyi Fic. 138. Phytocoris nigricollis Fic. 139. Phytocoris husseyt Knight,—male genital — claspers, Knight,—male genital claspers, (a) (a) left clasper, lateral aspect, (b) left clasper, lateral aspect with right clasper, lateral aspect, (c) outline of genital segment added, flagellum. Greatly enlarged. (b) right clasper, lateral aspect, Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. (c) flagellum. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. H. Knight. aspect near knee, spines yellowish, usually a small yellowish spot at base of each; front and’ middle tibiae white, band at middle, apex, and middle of basal half, black; tarsi blackish. Venter: Deep black, yellowish basally on ventral side, clothed with yellowish to brownish pubescence; genital claspers distinctive of the species (fig. 138). Female: Length 5.1mm., width 2mm.; embolar margins slightly more arcuate than in the male; coloration very similar to male but more broadly pale on hemelytra. Head: Width .o1 mm., 638 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. vertex .34mm. Antennae: Segment i, length I.1mm.;_ ii, 2.6mm.; iii, 1.36mm.; iv, I mm. Holotype: Male, 7 Aug., 1918, Hampton, N. H. (S. Albert Shaw); author’s collection. Allotype: Female, 14 July-5 Aug., 1012, Black Mountains, North Carolina (Beutenmuller); Cornell Univ. collection. The writer has also seen a third specimen which is in the United States National Museum collection. P, onustus Van Duzee. Proc, Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 1x, 244, 1920. Length male 7mm., width 2.4mm.; length female 7.4 mm., width 2.56mm. Suggestive of eximius but larger and usually darker colored; distinguished in the key and by the genital claspers (fig. 149: 9). The writer collected this species most frequently on the bark of hickory (Carya) trees situated in shaded humid surroundings. Massachusetts, Maine, New York, Vermont. P. spicatus Knight. Bull Brook. Ent. Soc., xv, 55, 1920. Male: Length6mm., width2mm. Slightly larger than eximius and more broadly black; antennal segment ii uniformly black except for the white annulation at base; front largely black, trans- verse striae evident; hind femora as in eximius only darker, one distinct pale annulation just before apex; flagellum and right genital clasper distinctive of the species (fig. 149: I0). Female: Length 6.8mm., width 2.2mm.; very similar to the male only slightly larger. This species comes nearest to cortitectus but is readily distin- -guished by the sharp basal spike on the right clasper and by the darker coloration; also approaches onustus but is smaller and more blackish. Maine, Massachusetts, New York. P. cortitectus Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xv, 55, 1920. Male: Length 6mm., width 2mm. Very similar to eximius; pale parts of hemelytra more translucent, infuscations paler; front of head transversely striate with fuscous each side of the median line; antennal segment ii more uniformly fuscous, but with a pale reflection apparent throughout the infuscation; genital claspers and flagellum distinctive of the species (fig. 149: II). Female: Very similar to the male but slightly more robust. The writer took specimens only on the trunks of elm trees (Ulmus) where the species is admirably concealed as it crouches in crevices of the bark. New Hampshire, New York. P. lacunosus Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xv, 56, 1920. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 639 Male: Length 6.7 mm., width 2.2.:mm. Very similar to corti- tectus only larger; nearly the size of onustus but more slender and paler in color; corium with a longitudinal pale area which extends upon base of cuneus without interruption at the cubitus; flagellum and right genital clasper distinctive of the species (fig. 149: 4). Female: Very similar to the male only slightly more robust. Occurs on the bark of Carpinus carolimana. New York. *P, salicis Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xv, 56, 1920. Male: Length 6mm., width 2.1mm. Very similar to eximius but distinctly brownish above; fuscous coloration of the hemelytra interspersed with brownish maculations ; antennal segment ii more distinctly pale fuscous, becoming dark only at apex and next to the pale basal annulation; membrane paler on the central area and with a median pale ray extending to apex; genital claspers and flagellum distinctive of the species (fig. 149: 13). Female: Very similar to the male in size and coloration. Breeds on willow, chiefly Salix nigra, where the species appears to be predaceous on soft-bodied insects living on that tree. Branford, 15 July, 1904 (H. W. W.); Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (P. G.). Phytocoris husseyi Knight, new species. Male: Length 5.1 mm., width 2mm. Head: Width I.04mm., vertex .33 mm.; pale to yellowish, median line of front and two or three incomplete oblique lines at each side reddish to blackish; lower part of front, base of tylus, lower half of tylus except for small spot each side by lora, about base of antenna, basal half of juga, dorsal margin of lora, and bucculae, reddish to black, gula and areas between the black, white. Rostrum, length 2.26 mm., reaching upon fourth ventral segment, pale, apex blackish. Antennae: Segment i, length 1.18 mm., deep black, dorsal aspect with two large and six or seven small white spots, setae pale to blackish; i1, 2.4mm., black, pale at base, somewhat brownish at middle of dorsal aspect; iii, 1.41 mm., black, pale at base; iv, 1.2 mm., black. Pronotum: Length .gI mm., width at base 1.6mm.; nearly as in erectus but calli and between, more yellowish. Scutellum pale to yellowish, with heavy oblique black mark on apical half each side of median line, brownish color extending cephalad from the black marks. Sternum black, pale area extending behind lower white margin of propleura; pleura black, ventral margin of epimeron and the ostiolar peritreme white. © Hemelytra: Nearly as in erectus but with more black, disk of clavus blackish but broken by paler irrorations of brownish and _fuscous; clothed with erect short blackish hairs and intermixed with tufts of white sericeous tomentose pubescence, more nearly like buenoi in this respect. Cuneus yellowish to dusky, apical half 640 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. fuscous to black but irrorate with paler spots, outer basal margin greenish; apex of mesocorium bordering inner basal angle of cuneus fuscous, with black spot on corio-membrane margin, the pale spot at apex of corium not extending upon cuneus. Mem- brane suggestive of erectus by having two fuscous areas each side on apical half, but differs by having central area fuscous as well as the basal area more broadly blackish. Legs: Rather similar to those of erectus but differs in having a clearly defined, although narrow subapical pale annulus on hind femora. Venter: Blackish, pale beneath but rather narrowly on genital segment; genital claspers (fig. 139) distinctive of the species, exhibiting a close relationship with buenot. Holotype: Male, 12 Aug., 1921, Mendon, Mercer County, Ohio (R. F. Hussey) ; author’s collection. Named in honor of the collector, Mr. R. F. Hussey. *P, buenoi Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent..Soc., xv; 57, 1020: : Male: Length 5.8mm., width 2mm. Resembles eximius but the colors of the dorsum are more in contrast; front and middle femora dark fuscous brown, closely and irregularly maculated with pale; black patch bordering the cubitus strongly contrasted with the pale spot which joins the base of cuneus, pale part of cuneus tinged with roseous; central area of membrane distinctly pale; genital claspers and flagellum (fig. 149: 14) distinctive of the species. Female: Very similar to the male in size and coloration. Occurs on Norway Spruce (Picea). New Haven, 27 June, 1904 (W. E. B.). P. erectus Van Duzee. Proc. Caltt. Acad: Sct., ser:74; 1%,3345% 1020: Male: Length 5.4mm., width 2mm. Head: Width .94mm., vertex .36mm. Antennae: segment i, length 1.16mm., more broadly pale than in husseys; 11, 2.5mm.; 111, 1.28mm.; iv, 1.2mm. Pronotum: Length .87mm., width at base 1.56 mm. Very similar to husseyi in size and coloration, the pale areas of dorsum more uniformly brownish, cuneus reddish, and_ hind femora without distinct subapical pale band. Genital claspers very distinctive (fig. 149: 5). Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York. *P. penipecten Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xv, 58, 1920. Male: Length 5.1 mm., width 1.9mm. Very similar to eximius; antennal segment 11 uniformly infuscated except the pale annulus at base; apical half of corium and bordering the claval vein, dis- tinctly olive green; flagellum and genital claspers (fig. 149: 12) distinctive of the species. No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: MIRIDAE. 641 Female: Length 5.5mm., width 2mm. Very similar to the male in coloration but in form slightly more robust. East River, Sept. 1910 (C. R. E.);) New Canaan, 14 Sept., 1905 QWe Ee B:).. P. obtectus Knight. Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc., xv, 58, 1920. Volos cength. 5.5 mm., width 1.85 mm. Very \ similar to eximius but slightly smaller and more slender; hemelytra more uniformly grayish translucent, not distinctly marked with fuscous at apex of corium; front transversely striate with fuscous; scutel- lum chiefly brownish black, irregularly maculated with paler, median line slenderly pale but irregularly invaded with darker color; genital claspers and flagellum (fig. 149: 21) distinctive of the species. Female: Very similar to the male in size and coloration. New York. Key to Species of Phytocoris, Group ITI. 1. Hemelytra rather uniformly rufescent, embolium and cuneus yel- Norvasc liMmt hal S lite Cl tener, ), No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: GERRIDAE. 663 Trepobates Uhler. T. pictus (Herrich-Schaeffer). Wanz. Ins. viii: 111, figs. 882, 883, 1848. This bright-colored little species is another lake-dweller. In this latitude it is commonly found wingless, although now and again a fully-winged individual may be found. This also has five nymphal instars. It ranges from Canada to Central America. Rheumatobates Bergroth. (Key to males only.) Hind femora.and coxae curiously swollen and distorted ......... rileyi MinGgremorar and Coxaeusiiple: 340: 25 2% tic neces eee oe tetas S tenuipes (Key to both sexes.) Nresosteteimimunye |LOW, UNICOLOTOUS: 421.302. 6 ates dics csves eed woe sie dae rileyi Mesosternum yellow with anterior margin and the two posterior diverging bands brownish black, not reaching the posterior margin andgarated: near the anterior margin: 3.25.) .6..c6s00.es.000. tenuipes R. rileyi Bergroth. Ins. Life iv, 198, 321, 1892. R. rileyi is one of the lacustrine water-striders, although it may occasionally be found on bays in streams. It lies very low in the water. R. tenuipes Meinert. Ent. Medd. v, 7, 1895. These two species are among the most peculiar of the water striders, on account of the antennal structure of the male. The distribution as published is unconvincing. Both should be found in Connecticut. Halobates Eschscholtz. H. micans Eschscholtz. Nat. Abt. Dorpat, 1, 163, 1823. This oceanic species has been found stranded on beaches as far north as South Carolina, but is hardly likely to be seen on the Sound shores of Connecticut. Family HYDROMETRIDAE.* By J. R. pE LA Torre-BuENo. There is only one genus in this family. * This should precede the Miridae; see footnote on page 658. 664 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Hydrometra Latreille. (Limnobates Burmeister.) It contains only one species in the Northeastern United States. H. martini Kyrkaldy-\(@ise52.) Entom. xxxXili, 175, 1900. (H. lineata Say, Descr. Het. Hem., 35, 1832.) This linear form (fig. 152) is common in the marshes about the East, or in still coves in placid ponds. It is carnivorous, like every Fic. 152. Hydrometra martini Kirkaldy,—(a) male genitalia, (b) dorsal view of insect, (c) side view of head. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. other water bug known to the writer, and feasts on dying, dead and decayed insects in the water.1 It will also attack struggling “Hungerford finds that it captures Entomostraca in the water with its long rostral stylets. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: TERMATOPHYLIDAE. 665 living ones in force if necessary. Its eggs are fascinating in struc- ture; long and spindle-formed, the chorion is coarsely reticulated, and the eggs themselves are fastened end on by a sort of pedicel to any convenient place. The period of emergence varies between nine and nineteen days according to temperature. There are five nymphal stages in about fifteen days, or say about twenty-five to thirty-five days for the life-cycle, allowing for three to five broods in the course of a summer. This species has been recorded from Ontario, Canada, to Mexico. Family TERMATOPHYLIDAE. By Howarp Maptson ParsH ey, Sc.D. This family includes a few small species, resembling the Miridae in some respects. The head is- horizontal, truncate at apex; antennae four segmented, the second segment often enlarged, rostrum four segmented; the first segment short, scarcely longer than thick, extending at most to middle of eyes. Hemielytra con- sisting of corium, clavus, embolium, cuneus, and membrane, the latter with one large cell. Hind wings without hamus. Tarsi three segmented, without arolia. Genitalia much as in the Anthocoridae. One genus occurs in North America. Hesperophylum Reuter and Poppius. A single species is known. H. heidemanni Reuter and Poppius. Oty. BinskaVet. Soc, Forh., liv, Afd. A., 17, 1912. Black; pronotum at base and hemielytra dark brown, scutellum yellowish white, darker at apex, membrane smoky brown with lateral light spots; third and fourth antennal segments, rostrum in part, and the tibiae yellowish white. Vertex, in female, not quite twice as wide as an eye. Second antennal segment about five times as long as the first, somewhat longer than the pronotum; the fourth about as long as the first, somewhat longer than the third. Length 4 mm. This species was described from a single female specimen taken on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, and has not since been found in New England. Family ANTHOCORIDAE. By Howarp Manpison ParsHtey, Sc.D. This family includes a moderate number of small and incon- spicuous forms living in flowers, under bark, in houses, in birds’ nests, etc.; many are known to be of predaceous habit. Form flattened, ovate; head long, horizontal; ocelli present; bucculae lacking. Hemielytra, when present, with distinct embolium and 666 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. cuneus. The male has a single asymmetrical genital plate; the female a narrow median plate with larger triangular ones on each side. Key to Subfamilies. Third and fourth antennal segments slender, linear, with long hairs LYCTOCORINAE Third and fourth segments fusiform, with short hairs .. ANTHOCORINAE Subfamily LycTOCORINAE. One genus is represented in the New England material at hand, but several others will probably be found to occur here and are included in the generic key. The species of this group are com- paratively rare, and being inconspicuous in appearance and retiring in habits, they are easily overlooked. Key to Genera. 1. Channel of metasternal orifices curved forward, or backward, with rounded angie, fine carina lacking ........2... 2)..-.6eee eee 2 Channel of metasternal orifices nearly straight, joining at a sharp right angle a very fine carina which extends to anterior pleural MATS Ih 0 inka Sees old ee iad Se ae aisins oat Lyctocoris 2. Channel curved forward; pronotal margins not distinctly ciliate 3 Channel curved backward toward apex; pronotal margins ciliate ' Lasiochilus 3. Channel long, curved at middle, and almost or quite reaching margin ; OL meétapleutra <2 57.4.5 a. tee Stare Sees ou eee Xylecoris Channel shorter, curved near apex, not nearly reaching margin of theta Plewha: 2.c-dem cereus lielere ton Tt te te See ce Asthenidea Xylocoris Dufour. Small shining species, having the lateral pronotal margins straight; apical collar very slightly developed; apex of abdomen with long setae; orificial channel curved forward from middle, extending almost or quite to anterior margin of metapleura; front femora somewhat incrassate, unarmed. A _ single dimorphic species occurs within our limits. X. cursitans (Fallén). Mon. Cimic, Suec., 74, 1807. Brownish black, shining; antennae piceous; rostrum, tibiae and tarsi yellowish or reddish brown; hemielytra, in the long-winged form, yellowish brown, clavus interiorly and lateral margins darker and more shining; membrane white; in the short-winged, uniform yellowish brown. Hemielytra, in long-winged form, extending to apex of abdomen, in short-winged, extending at most to base of fourth abdominal segment. Length 2.25-2.5 mm. New Haven, 24 Nov., 1910 (A. B. C.); North Haven, 20 Sept., 1918 (M. P. Z.) ; Woodmont, 6 Sept., 1910 (B. H. W.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: ANTHOCORIDAE. 667 Subfamily ANTHOCORINAE. Key to Genera. 1. Pronotum trapezoidal, its outline not continuous with that cf head; mMembLANe. With: taree. OL TOUR’ VEINS: oc. ales aecic ees s os seen 2 Pronotum conical, becoming cylindrical anteriorly and forming a continuous outline with the elongate head; membrane with one CUM R aeeye tees BN 3s sine is enjaic,'s cliginteoe oveie ele aus Macrotracheliella, p. ey 2. Collar of pronotum distinct; membrane with four veins .......... Collar obsolete; membrane ‘with three veins ........ Triphleps, p. 66k 3. Sides of pronotum not explanate; corium not or obsoletely punc- tate; metasternal canals not elevated at lateral ends ........... Anthocoris, p. 667 Sides of pronotum explanate, extending anteriorly more or less beyond base of collar; corium distinctly punctate; canals promi- TVET ee Tec il ivwetnctrs, intr ae! severe a yafaune Shera relenctidhz eee ¢ ace Tetraphleps, p. 667 Macrotracheliella Champion. This genus includes two species, one from Central America and one from New England. M. nigra Parshley. Ent. News, xxvili, 38, 1917. Shining black, the third antennal segment narrowly yellow at base. First antennal segment not quite reaching apex of head; second about twice the length of the first. Length 2.5 mm. This species has been taken in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, but not as yet in Connecticut. Anthocoris Fallén. Species of comparatively large size, having the head longer than wide across eyes and usually four membranal veins, the inner sometimes obsolete. Only one species occurs in New England. A. borealis Dallas. List of Hemip., 11, 588, 1852. Shining black, clavus exteriorly and corium anteriorly pale; veins all present but not strongly developed. Length 3.5-3.7 mm. Often taken in sweeping. It is probable that Say’s description of Reduvius musculus pertains to this species. It certainly occurs in Connecticut, but no records are at hand. Tetraphleps Fieber. Rarshley, Can. Ent., 11; 83, 1920. This genus has recently been found to occur in North America. It is readily distinguished from Anthocoris by the explanate sides of the pronotum, which project anteriorly a little beyond the base of the collar. 668 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Key to Species. 1. Dark brown; second antennal segment in length equal to width of head including eyes .2.25. sc. «45 BO americana Uniform light brown; second antennal segment longer ..... uniformis T. americana Parshley. Can. Ent., lii, 84, 1920. Dark brown, the hemielytra variegated with light and dark markings. Length 3.3-3.7 mm. Known to occur in Maine and Ottawa. T. uniformis Parshley. Can. Ent., lii, 85, 1920. Pale uniform brown; antennae long and slender. Length 3.7 mm. Known from a single specimen taken on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Triphleps Fieber. A single minute species occurs in our territory. T. insidiosa (Say). Het. New Harm., 32, 1832. Very dark brown to black; antennae, except first segment, femora at apex, tibiae except the posterior, pale yellowish brown; hemielytra yellowish, translucent, cuneus, extreme apex of corium, and basal half of clavus, blackish brown. Length 1.75-2 mm. This minute species is very commonly met with in sweeping, as it lives in large numbers in the flowers of various plants, where it destroys such insects as it can overpower, aphids, young scale insects, etc. According to Garman and Jewett (1914) it frequents young corn ears, where it feeds on the eggs of the corn ear worm and deposits its own in the strands of corn silk. Hyslop (1916) presents evidence that the injuries made in oviposition furnish a mode of entrance for the destructive disease known as corn ear rot. If this proves to be generally the case, it will more than offset the beneficial activities of the insect. A form having the clavus entirely black pertains to the variety tristicolor Buchanan White. It is found throughout the range of the species. New Haven, 16 Oct., 1903: (H. L. V.), 18 Oct., torr (W. E: Ba)ayeAues 1914 (M. P. Z.); Branford, 27 June, 1904 (H. L. V.), 20 and 28 July, 1905 (H. W. W.); West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.); Rowayton, 5 Aug., 1909 (C. W. J.); Brookfield, 27 July, 910 (E. L. D.); Glastonbury, 13: July, 19013 (Ll: B. R:) ;" Hamden; 19 June; tor "CM Pazar Family CIMICIDAE. By Howarp Mapison ParsHtey, Sc.D. This family includes a few flat, broadly oval species of moderate size, notable for being exclusively parasitic on birds and mammals. No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CIMICIDAE. 669 The tylus is large, parallel-sided, and produced far beyond the base of the antennae; rostrum short, three segmented; antennae rather long, four segmented; pronotum broadest before the middle; hemielytra reduced to short scale-like condition; tarsi three seg- mented; ocelli absent. One of the two subfamilies is represented in our fauna. . Subfamily CrMIcINAE. This group includes the greater part of the family. The ros- trum does not extend beyond the front coxae, and the large bristles of the genitalia and thoracic margins are broad, curved and more or less serrate on convex side. Key to Genera. Pubescence of body very short, except along pronotal and hemi- elytral margins; anterior pronotal margin very deeply concave Cimex Pubescence long and sericeous; anterior margin of pronotum shal- lowilvaconcaye, nearly straight at middle .....5..5.......%. Oeciacus Cimex Linnaeus. Species of moderate size with very fine surface pubescence. Key to Species. Fringing hairs of pronotal margin shorter than width of eye; hemi- elytraliicommicsure shorter than ‘scttellumy .... 6.0.5 0% 0. lectularius Fringing hairs longer than width of eye; commissure longer than OMILC MMMM iL Noe int ict | Pevteay oie a: Seclwte Gasle) sabe a shevererde eG Ae ts pilosellus C. lectularius Linnaeus. Common bed-bug. (PI. xvi, 32.) Syst. Nat.. Edn. 10, 441, 1758. Brown, with reddish or yellowish tinge; hemielytra reduced to a single short plate, hind margin nearly straight, the inner apical angles broadly rounded, the suture or commissure shorter than the scutellum. Length, 5-6 mm. This species, the bed-bug, is found throughout the world, having been carried on ships, where it is as much at home as in houses. Owing to the annoyance of its attacks upon man and the danger that diseases may be transmitted by its bites, this insect has received much attention from early times. An account with practical advice for extermination is given by Marlatt (1916). iElarttord, 13 Aug.,.1891 (A. P. M.); New Haven, 1906°(B. H.W), 28 Oct., 1916 (ONS) L.)); North: Haven, 16'Oct., 1608: (Bs We) Dan- bury, 20 June, 1919 (G. M. Codding) : Wallingford, 18 June, IQI2 (D. J. C.); Highwood, 28 March, 1915 (M. PiZaye C. piloselius (Horvath). Ent. Mon: Mag. xxi, 12, 1910: Hind margin of hemielytra nearly straight, the inner angles scarcely, the outer broadly, rounded ; scutellum shorter than the hemielytral suture. Length 3.75-4.25 mm. This species lives on bats; it has been found in Massachusetts. 670 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Oeciacus Stal. The species of this genus are clothed with long dense pubes- cence; they live in the nests of certain birds. One species occurs in North America. O. vicarius (Horvath). Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung., x, 261, 1912. Pale yellowish brown, with darker markings. Length 3.6- 4.5 mm. This species lives in the nests of chimney swifts, and is probably much more common than would be supposed from the scarcity of examples in collections. Mount Carmel, 29 May, 1903 (L. L. Dickerman). Family NABIDAE. By Howarp Mapison ParsuH ey, Sc.D. This group includes a moderate number of species of medium size, predaceous 1n habits and usually found wandering over vege- /7 Primary vein Fic. 153. Nabis ferus Linnaeus,—hind wing showing names of veins. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. tation in general, although a few species seem to prefer particular situations such as are afforded by marshy or mountainous regions. Antennae slender, four segmented (in the exotic Pachynominae five segmented), often with a supplementary ring segment at base of second, which may be scarcely visible or half as long as first; ocelli present; rostrum four segmented (or very rarely three seg- mented), the first very short; species often dimorphic with regard to wing length; fully developed hemielytra consisting of corium, clavus and membrane, and sometimes embolium; membrane large, with elongate cells from which radiate numerous short veins ; in the male there is a large genital segment bearing copulatory hooks on each side, in the female the genital segments are longi- tudinally divided beneath, the ovipositor visible. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: NABIDAE, 671 Key to Subfamilies. Pronotum with anterior transverse impression very close to front margin, or lacking; apical collar none or very narrow; clavus notron scarcely widened posteriorly |... ......55 0.250: PROSTEM MINAE Pronotum with anterior transverse impression more distant from front margin; apical collar wide; clavus widened posteriorly .. NABINAE Subfamily PRosTEMMINAE. Species having eyes contiguous with pronotal margin; claval commissure shorter than scutellum; embolium present; front tibiae with very distinct spongy fossa. One genus occurs in our region. Pagasa Stal. Shining species of oblong, anteriorly narrowed form, with sparse erect pubescence ; membrane, when developed, with three elongate cells. One species occurs in our fauna. P. fusca (Stein). Berl. Ent. Zeit., i, 90, 1857. Black; antennae and membrane dark brown; rostrum and legs yellow to dark brown, femora paler at apex, surface shining. Length 6-6.5 mm. Usually found under stones. Lyme, 20 Aug., 1910 (A. B. C.); New Canaan, 23 Sept., 1910, winged form, CW), BH. B:). Subfamily NaBInae. This group contains most of our species; eyes distant from pro- notal margin; rostrum slender; pronotum with a broad apical collar, clavus widened posteriorly, the commissure much longer than scutellum; spongy fossa of front tibiae rudimentary. One tribe 1s represented within our limits. Tribe NABINI. This group includes all but one of the North American species of the subfamily. Key to Genera. First antennal segment not longer than head; membrane generally mathntareecveloneate discal cells 5. winieucaes Sout udaee em aes _...Nabis First antennal segment twice as long as head; membrane without ClOSCUMGISCAINCEN Siero ti Selo o cite we din sid1y Piavecouetslerciele Metatropiphorus Nabis Latreille. Numerous species of brownish or rarely shining black colora- tion; pronotum conical in general shape, moderately constricted at or behind middle; membrane when developed, generally with three elongate discal cells from which short veins radiate toward mar- gins; front femora usually without spines; the species are often dimorphic or polymorphic, the hemielytra more or less reduced, 672 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. often extremely short, with membrane very narrow and veinless, or absent. In the male, the genital segment is large and thick, bearing on each side a copulatory hook of form varying with the species. (Fig. 153.) lis N Key to Subgenera and Species. Body in large part shining black; head distinctly and obliquely narrowed behind eyes; front femora without spines; wing cell with hamus arising from origin of decurrent vein (Subgenus Nabicula Kirby) ; length: 6=fo;Simin 2 oe ee ee subcoleoptratus Body wholly or in large part pallid or brown; head parallel or Meat Ly sO DeMINndNeyesus..ua. tine ee ee =. act aye eee 2 Front femora with minute spines below; wing cell with hamus; connexivum more or less distinctly spotted; femora spotted, annulate at apex; tibiae annulate (Subg. Hoplistoscelis Reuter) ; length 6.427 mim, © 05278.0%. 35 wile Wed ols oo ee oe eee sordidus Front femora without spines; connexivum usually not spotted ... 3 Femora with a subapical dark ring; wing cell without hamus; hind lobe of pronotum distinctly punctate (Subgenus Lasiomerus Reuter); lene 30:5 tit sical ee Ma: annulatus Femora without ring; wing cell with hamus; hind lobe of prono- tum almost or quite impunctate ...........-..5-.02. 55 ee 4 Form elongate; short-winged forms with hemielytra less than three times length of scutellum; first antennal segment generally about as long as head; hamus arising very near or at origin of decurrent vein; long-winged forms extremely rare (Subgenus Dolichonabis: Retiter) 2.00 es finn Si et oa Wee ok ee ee 5 Form broader, more or less ovate; short-winged forms usually with much longer hemielytra; first antennal segment generally shorter than head; hamus arising from the connecting vein; long-winged forms common as a rule (Subgenus Nabis Latreille) 6 Form very narrow; head about five times longer than wide between eyes; hemielytra in short-winged form rounded at apex, membrane lacking; length 9=12.5 mm.. ..:.........smeeee propinquus Form broader; head about three times longer than wide between eyes; shortened hemielytra truncate at apex, membrane present; length 725-8175 mm. 0... an ceases dee limbatus Hemielytra in long-winged form without three brown dots; undeveloped hemielytra much shorter than abdomen; dorsal surface of abdomen dark brown, margin of connexivum and single or double median stripe pale; length 8-omm. ...... flavomarginatus Hemielytra in long-winged form with ,three brown dots, one on disk of corium, two on membranal suture; undeveloped hemi- elytra about as long as abdomen; dorsal surface of abdomen without median *StripeS 54.0% od esc siedeneis ol oe ete oie ste er i eT, First antennal segment very slightly longer than anteocular portion of head; dorsal surface of abdomen black; tibiae with black dots; copulatory hooks of male with large semicircular short-pointed blade and short stem ‘(fide Reuter) 7-2-2. 022 oe inscriptus First antennal segment much longer than anteocular portion of TOA eeciecds ein ain 0-osa-d wo Siehe Whe, Seelle Guede eledetesbe che aves 6. oh s/s alec Arete ee ena Color gray; form narrow; markings of posterior surface of front and middle femora tending to become a transverse striping; tibiae Immaculate ..< ..5 Ace woes eke es eee evetne 3 syed os (Slole sae 9 Color reddish to dark brown; form broader; femora conspicuously spotted, less tendency to striping ....¢..5.-2.-0+--senecsosere ms 10 Anterior femora extending beyond apex of head; copulatory hooks of male with large semicircular blade and stem broadened basally ; length: 655-825 mim. | oes Serica renee pele arene acto heehee ee ferus No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: NABIDAE. 673 Anterior femora not reaching apex of head; copulatory hooks with small elongated blade and broad arcuate stem; length 6-6.5 mm. (recentiyu introduced) irom) Hurope)iie ene lecuie see. ae brevis 10. Posterior tibiae dotted; color dark brown; membrane in short- winged form with closed cells; hooks with small triangular blade and long, broad, undulated stem : length 6.5-8.5 mm. ..... roseipennis Posterior tibiae immaculate ; color pale reddish brown; membrane in short-winged form without closed cells; hooks with large, semicircular Jong-pointed blade and short stem ; length 5.6-7 mm. rufusculus N. (Nabicula) subcoleoptratus Kirby. Richardson’s Fauna Bor. Am., iv, 281, 1837. Readily distinguished by its shining black coloration. Taken in Sweeping vegetation. The long-winged form is very rare. Salisbury, 29 Aug: to04. (W.- E. B.); Litchfield; 29° June)’ 1013 Cua Ba W))):)) Cornwall, 18 July, to2zt (B. H. W.). N. (Hoplistoscelis) sordidus Reuter. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xxix, 85, 1872. A rather rare species of wide distribution. Middlebury, 16 June, 1911 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 24 June, 1911 CVE we.) \Giltord, 3 July, rozt (B. AH. W.). N. (Lasiomerus) annulatus Reuter. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xxix, 86, 1872. A rare species taken in sweeping and beating, especially on trees and bushes. Portland 7, 14 Aug.,. 1013, 24 July, 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 25) Sept., To2m CB. El. W.):, N. (Dolichonabis) propinquus Reuter. Ofv.) Vet. Akad. Forh:, xxix, 87, 1872. A very elongate species found on carices and other plants grow- ing in very damp situations. The long-winged form is extremely rare. It has been found in Maine and Massachusetts, but not as yet in Connecticut. N. (D.) limbatus Dahlbom. Kong. Vet. Akad. Handl., 227, 1850. This palaearctic species has been found in northern New Eng- - land. It is rare and local and occurs in both long- and short- _ winged forms. N. (Nabis) flavomarginatus Scholtz. Arb. Schles. Ges. Vat. Kultur, 114, 1846. Another palaearctic species found in the north. N. (N.) ferus Linnaeus. (PI. xvi, 33.) (Fig. 153.) Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, 1, 449, 1758. The commonest species of the genus, found everywhere through- out the season. N. Windham, 14 July, 1894 (A. P. M.); New Haven, 20 and 28 June, ROOZ NCEA Suve) wat Oct. 1903) (EJ. S. ee 21) Oct. 1903, Te WiL)e 20 July, 1904 (B. H. W.), 14 Sept} ore (HB. ky); Woodmont, 9 July, 22 674 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 1904 (P. L. B.); Branford, 27 June, 1904 (H. L. V.); Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.);- Hartford, 19 Oct., 1904 (W. E. B.), 7 May emor (W. M.); Windsor, 18 July, 19004 (B. H. W.); Lyme, 4 Dec., 1010 (A. B. C.); Portland, 31 May, 1915 (F. W. Haasis); Yalesville, 25 June, 1917 (M. P. Z.); Suffield, 21 May, 1917 (M. P. Z.); Cornwall, 28 Nov., 1OIQ (K. BUG): N. (N.) roseipennis Reuter. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xxix, 89, 1872. Commonly taken in sweeping; long- and short-winged forms are frequently met with, the latter having hemielytra which are about as long as the abdomen. Branford, 17 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Milford, 12 June, 1918 (M. P. Z.); Colebrook, 19 June, 1920 (P. G.); Cornwall, 25 May, 1920 (K. F. C.); North Haven, 4 Sept, 1921 (B. H. W.);_ Killingworth, 27 June, 1920 (W. E. B.); Danbury, 15 June, 1909 (C. W. J.) ; So. Meriden, 6 May, 1915 (H. L. J.); Litchfield, 9 March, 1913 (L. B. W.); Winnipauk, 16 June, toog (C. W. J.). N. (N.) rufusculus Reuter. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xxix, 92, 1872. A common pale yellowish or reddish brown species, which is rarely found in the long-winged condition. So. Kent, 20 Aug., 1894 (A. P. M.) ; Danbury, 15 June, 1909 (C. W. J.); ’ Litchfield, 7 May, 1915 (L. B. W.); North Branford, 5 July, 1921 (P. G.); Salisbury, 20 Aug., 1921 (P. G.); Hamden, 11: June, 1921 (B. H. W.); Portland, 31 May, 1915 (F. W. Haasis) ; Suffield, 21 May, 1917 (M. P. Z.). N. (N.) inscriptus Kirby. Richardson’s Fauna Bor. Am., iv, 280, pl. 6, fig. 7, 1837. This species remains uncertain and I have seen no specimens which agree with Reuter’s redescription. Metatropiphorus Reuter. This genus contains a single species of elongate form. It has the first antennal segment about twice as long as the head; second rostral segment much longer than the third; pronotum strongly constricted behind middle; membrane with several veins, mostly simple, not forming discal cells. M. belfragii Reuter. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xxix, 93, 1872. A slender grayish brown species, with darker markings and brown apical bands on femora and tibiae. It has been found very rarely, in Massachusetts and New York. Length 6.5-7 mm. Family MESOVELIIDAE. By J. R. DE LA TorRE-BUENO. There are only two genera in this family. Mesovelia is world- wide in distribution. The other is Papuan. No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: NAEOGEIDAE. 675 Mesovelia Mulsant and Rey. (Fieberia Jakovlev.) There seems to be only one species in this genus with us. M. bisignata Uhler. Stand! (Nat. Hist: 11, 274, f. 324, 1883. This species is said to be the same as M. mulsanti F. B. White (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 268, 1879), but thus far, I have not suc- ceeded in convincing myself that this is a fact. Mesovelias, like all coons, look alike, and in the absence of specimens from Brazil, I prefer to let Uhler’s name stand for the present. This species is very common and abundant on duckweed, where the green-bodied, wingless form pursues its prey and brings up interesting families. The winged form is not common, and ranges from the fully-winged to the apterous by any number of grada- tions, so it has practically an infinity of forms between the two extremes. Admitting the identity of the two names, the species extends throughout the United States down into Brazil, and some claim into India. Be this as it may, this bug has five molts and an egg state, and there are several broods a year. Results in breeding this are not quite ready for publication,* but they indicate decidedly that this is not a true Gerrid, nor even closely related to that group. It is, in fact, a land bug in quasi-adaptation to an aquatic existence. Milford, 17 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.). Family NAEKOGEIDAE. (Hebridae of Authors.) By J. R. pE LA Torre-BUENO. This little family is represented in the Eastern United States by two genera and three or four species. Very little is known about their habits, further than that they frequent muddy places, swamps, etc. While by many considered as belonging in the Gerroidea, it is at best open to question. Kirkaldy believed they had affinities with the Myodochidae (Lygaeidae). Be that as it may, the apical claws serve to distinguish them from Microvelia, which they much resemble in general appearance. The genera may be readily distinguished thus: Key to Genera. Antennae four-jointed not counting jointlets . ............. Merragata Antennae five-jointed not counting jointlets -.............. Naeogeus Naeogeus Laporte. (Hebrus Curtis.) The only certain eastern species is the following. It is to be found in almost any muddy spot, walking about. Its milky white, spotted wings reveal it to the accustomed eye. * Hungerford has bred this also and confirms the number of stages. 676 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. N. burmeisteri Lethierry and Severin. (Fig. 154.) Cat. Hem. iii, 51, 1896. pusillus Burmeister, Handb. ii, 214, 1835 (not Fallen). New Haven, 25 March, 1911 (A. B. C.). Fic. 154. Naeogeus burmeisteri Lethierry and Severin,—dorsal view, enlarged about fifteen times. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. Merragata White. (Lipogomphus Berg.) This curious genus may at once be separated from Naeogeus by the antennal structure. Key to Species. (Adapted from Drake.) 1. Head with two grooves converging anteriorly, separated by a median: TIdSe -54 0s bare Fak da he ws we to bes > oe DR eee 2 Head with one median longitudinal groove ..............-. hebroides 2. Pronotum moderately constricted at sides; disk with a broad and deep: longitudinal furrow .. 2.2... 600. +.0 some ace ee foveata Pronotum more abruptly constricted, discal groove shallower ..brunnea M. brunnea Drake. Ohio Jour. Sci., xvii, 103, 105, 1917. This little species has been taken in New York on duckweed, in company with Microvelia borealis, which it somewhat resembles. It is, however, widespread throughout the United States and I have it from Illinois. Doubtless it will sometime be found in Connecticut. Nothing is known of its life history. ; M. foveata Drake. Ohio Jour. Sci., xvii, 103, I917. This species is described from Ohio, and seems to be more west- ern than the other. It may be found in Connecticut, however, as so many forms supposedly foreign to us have been turned up in the East. While M. hebroides White is mentioned in the key, it is only so that either of the other species may not again be mistaken for it. All my own records from the United States were based on brunnea Drake, and must be corrected to agree with the preceding. No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. 677 Family REDUVIIDAE. By J. R. p—E LA TorrE-BUENO. This family contains the most voracious forms of the Heterop- tera; they are the tigers of the herbs. They softly stalk their prey, which seized in their spiny front legs is pierced with poisoned lancets and sucked dry of its blood while struggling. The majority live on plants, where other insect life is abundant and life easy, but some spend their lives under stones or otherwise concealed from the light of day. Our American forms are separated into the following sub- families, the key being frankly artificial. Key to Subfamilies. TP MULE TTOTACO XAG? SORE 240 sess nie 'c ik eye oat Wiahelalelctclo-€ wie ese sit Searels S-orscotemeusiees 2 PMabeTiOGecOXae ClONSAted. oc. i:0.5.0/s hele 6 ouiele's else vaees EMESINAE, p. 690 Zam@cella present in winged individuals “......5.0.6 6.5.0 see cece ole en ie Ocelli absent; always fully-winged; no discoidal area at basal AMOUSMOTMIMEIMDEAME: © 5:2.) acs oje.-1¢ clvreie do Wid’e ome weve wis bios SAICINAE, p. 677 3. Hemelytra without a discoidal or quadrangular areole at basal angle GHMBTRNSTTND ATION Sees, 60 le ase oy ever! s fac che lar sara cto ehh et «oodles eee! Sysiinuela bie wh epuhe Benny Hemelytra with a discoidal or quadrangular areole at the base of RIPE MITICIMMEAM Cet Ee pico dates a5 1 whi cvckskuseke Sei@\\Gtesn) sian were theacuateions Memenee 7 4. Ocelli placed back of-a line connecting the posterior margin of the evesrmsecond joint of antennae Simple «6.2... cen cecls soe sled des 5 Ocelli in front of a line across head connecting hind margins of eyes; first antennal joint.stout, second of many jointlets ...... [ HAMMATOCERINAE| 5. Thorax constricted at, or in front of, middle; anterior tarsi three- HO UAC OMEN fet scsi cote le Be esate sk sik Ogio Wlereane lela terareibiaetne rope Thorax constricted behind the middle; anterior coxae externally Ric Me OTC OTA CANON) Sea cc 633 lecais to ecebc ove ey dheeccleie bless Bie we ciavacels PIRATINAE, p. 682 6. Apex of scutellum narrow, unarmed, or with a single spine ...... | Apex of scutellum broad, armed with two spines ................ EcTrICHODIINAE, p. 684 7. Anal area of membrane extending farther proximad than to the COSTA MARC OLS Wace oy Sepa ass gear oi olatans Gas woken cies ac biclent eye eram pepmete Anal area not extending as far as the costal areole; basal joint on antennae thickened, porrect; other joints folding back under taemheadhands Mr Stajoint: .(..2. eG sieies ces cee cle 8 STENOPODINAE, p. 678 SeMOCciunot aS far, apart as the yes «2 .). 6 scieje eee ee seins ne neieyeke 9 Oceliiitarthervapart than the’ eyes... ...5%.5.. 5... APIOMERINAE, p. 684 go. Anterior femora, in length equalling or exceeding hind femora; first joint of rostrum much shorter than second ....ZELINAE, p. 685 Anterior femora, in length less than, or rarely equalling, hind femora; first joint of rostrum equalling or exceeding second .... REDUVIINAE, p. 680 Subfamily SAICINAE. There is only one representative of this subfamily in the North, namely, Oncerotrachelus. This genus is characterized by having the anteocular part of head very short; apex of scutellum pro- duced into a long spine; anterior lobe of pronotum wider than long. 678 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Oncerotrachelus Stal. O. acuminatus (Say). Het. New Harm., 32, 1832; Compl. Writ., i, 356, 1859. This little species has been taken at light and also by sifting in New York and New Jersey. It may be recognized by the generic and subfamily character. Its habits are unknown. Subfamily STENOPODINAE. Key to Genera. 1. Head with a furcate spine below on each side behind the eyes .... 2 Head unarmed below, or armed with a simple spine, rarely with a subfurcate spine at sides.of base: }....4...¢...<.+.. ee ee 3 2. First antennal joint incrassate, produced in a spine beyond the insertion of the. second sjoint 12, 228.2. 42s Pnirontis, p. 678 First antennal joint not produced beyond the insertion of the second; apex of head at base of rostrum unarmed; first joint of rostrum extending back beyond eyes; fore femora unarmed .... Pygolampis, p. 679 3. Ocelli considerably elevated; postocular part of head short, strongly narrowed backward; margins as seen from above, CUIVER! 5 san isae eile te By Shoes Sales hee nes 4 Ocelli not at all or slightly elevated; postocular part of head not at all, or very slightly and uniformly narrowed toward the back Stenopoda, p. 680 4. First joint of rostrum nearly as long as, or longer than, second and third joints) combined> 24 s< 04.4242 4 oe Sch wo ees woe ee ee 5 First joint of rostrum not longer than second joint ..: 33222322 6 Head produced; fore femora unarmed beneath; hind femora not reaching apex of abdomen; first joint of rostrum slightly exceed- ing the combined length of the second and third joints ........ Schumannia, p. 680 Head not produced; fore femora unarmed, slightly incrassate; hind femora scarcely reaching apex of abdomen; first joint of rostrum slightly exceeding the combined lengths of the second atid’ ‘third +] O1ntss tiapcnerdinn ae Cncantorenia eee eam Diaditus, p. 680 6. First and second joints of rostrum equal; fore femora very little thickened, unarmed; hind femora reaching beyond apex of abdo-- MEN 2G2 8 BOS Metdi oke Ble HELEN ie ks ae neni ee Narvesus, p. 680 First joint of rostrum much shorter than second; fore femora incrassate, with small spines below; hind femora just reaching APEX. OL ADA OMEN eer sue ae eee ae Oncocephalus, p. 680 ui Pnirontis Stal. Centromelus Fieber. ‘This genus has the tibiae armed on the anterior edge with three spines. There are but two species, both of which are known to occur in the neighboring states. Key to Species. Basal joints of antennae spiny beneath; genae not prominent ..infirma Basal joints of antennae unarmed; genae very prominent ....languida No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. 679 P. infirma Stal. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xvi, 382, 1850. This species has been recorded from New Jersey, and should be found in Connecticut. P. languida Stal. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xvi, 381, 1859. While this is supposed to be Southern, it is here noted to make possible the distinction between these two clearly defined species, should it ever turn up. Pygolampis Germar. Ochetopus Hahn. Only two species are likely to be found within the State. Key to Species. Antennae short, first joint subequal to anteocular part of head; ALC TO TSHEMOLA INCEASSATC! n.8, ces oe «sy icsn eres itece s 6-214 02 oa sla eislaret sericea Antennae moderately long, first joint longer than anteocular part of head; anterior femora slightly incrassate ............. pectoralis Fic. 155. Pygolampis pectoralis Say,—(a) head and thorax, dorsal view, (b) anterior leg, (c) lateral view of head, (d) wing. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. P. sericea Stal. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xvi, 380, 18509. This species has been reported from Pennsylvania. P. pectoralis (Say). fuscipennis Stal. (Fig. 155.) Ins. Louisiana, 11, 1832: Het. New Harm., 33, 1832. Ranges from Massachusetts to Florida. Cornwall, 9 Apr., 1920 (K. F. C.). 680 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Stenopoda Laporte. S. culiciformis (Fabricius). cinerea Laporte. Syst.. Ent., 728, 1775- A species recorded from New Jersey and New York, thence south to Florida, Texas, Cuba, etc. Narvesus Stal. N. carolinensis Stal. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xvi, 385, 1850. This form is recorded from New Jersey; it should be found in Connecticut under intensive collecting. Oncocephalus Klug, Diaditus Stal, and Schumannia Champion are Southern forms and probably are not represented in Connecticut. Fic. 156. Reduvius personatus Linnaeus,—(a) head and thorax, dorsal view, (b) lateral view of head and front leg, (c) wing. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. Subfamily REDUVIINAE. Key to Genera. Antennae inserted laterally; antenniferous tubercles slightly pro- jecting from sides of head; head much produced ; ocelli at least as far apart-as: the eyes! os; oc. Petes oom ol ie eee Triatoma Antennae inserted on top of head between margins, close to eyes; antenniferous tubercles not projecting from side of head; ocelli close to eyes; eyes large and close together ............... Reduvius No. 34.] | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. 681 Reduvius Fabricius. Syst. Fnt,4720, 11775. R. personatus (Linnaeus). (Pl. xvi, 36.) (Fig. 156.) Syst. Nat., Edn. x, i, 446, 1758. This is the more or less famous masked bed-bug hunter, noted for covering itself, as a nymph, with lint and dust in houses, and thus disguised as a bit of sweeping, destroying its unsavory fellow bug. It flies to light, and is in general a nocturnal bug. Litchfield, June, 1909 (L. B. W.); Wallingford, 25 July, 1910, 1911 (D. J. C.); Lyme, 4 July, 1911, (A. B. C.); Glastonbury, 5 July, 1913 @e-8 kh.) New Haven, 1 July, r9o17 (Q: 5.-L.). == a —, S ZF =" a Fic. 157. Melanolestes abdominalis WHerrich-Schaeffer,—dorsal view. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. 682 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Triatoma Laporte. Conorhinus Laporte. T. sanguisuga (LeConte). lateralis Stal. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, 404, 1855. The so-called “big bed-bug”’ of the Southern States is here inserted to draw attention to the possibility of its being found in Connecticut. Subfamily PIRATINAE. Key to Genera. 1. Middle tibiae with spongy fossae; neck with a small tubercle on Each Sid@ ois. nec cadena led tete enencdeuss cme nce. ae Middle tibiae without spongy fossae; head long; no lateral tuber- CLES Of IEC aoe sea cea ie ie apa tee eer Sirthenea, p. 684 2. Apical portion of anterior tibiae angularly dilated beneath; spongy FOSSAG WSNORE sare ee ee ee Melanolestes, p. 682 Tibiae not dilated; spongy fossae elongate ......... Rasahus, p. 684 Fic. 158. Melanolestes abdominalis Herrich-Schaeffer,—lateral view of head. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. Melanolestes Stal. The two species of this genus are active, bloodthirsty insects. M. picipes is not uncommon under stones in fields ; M. REALE comes to light. Key to Species. Generally apterous; entirely black, with piceous legs and antennae picipes Winged; connexivum and sometimes entire dorsum coral red .... abdominalis M. picipes (Herrich-Schaeffer). Wanz. Ins., viii, 62, 1848. West Haver 11 May, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Lyme, 20 Aug., ro10 (A. B.C.) ; Durham, 16 Sept., 1910; Middlebury, 26 May, I9QII (W. ID 1b)) 2 So. Meriden, 27 Sept., 1914 (i | Bd PO ie meas 9 ao 1920, 17 March, 1921 Chet: G) : New Haven, 30 Apr., T9016 CMSB AZ:) No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. 683 M. abdominalis (Herrich-Schaeffer). (Pl. xvi, 37.) (Figs. 157 and 158.) Wanz. Ins., viii, 63, 1848. Salisbury, 27 ee 1904; Durham, 16 Sept., 1910; New Canaan, 22 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.) ; Torrington (R. Hochstein) ; New Haven, 25 May, IQII (ON Bac. 16 Sept., ae eS F, C.) ; Canaan, 4 May, 1912 (D. PAC Bethany, 12 Apr., IQIQ (KF Ge Fic. 159. Rhiginia (Ectrichodia) ante Say,—(a) wing, (b) lateral view of head and front leg, (c) scutellum. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. 684 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Rasahus Amyot and Serville. Macrosandalus Stal. R. biguttatus (Say). thoracicus Stal. Tnss Tea 13,2532: En. Hem. ii, 106, 1872. Sirthenea Spinola. S. carinata (Fabricius). Ent. Syst., Suppl., 545, 1708. This species is not uncommon in New Jersey about electric light globes. | Subfamily EcTrRICHODIINAE. Only one genus and one species of this subfamily occur within the range of this paper. Rhiginia Stal. Ectrichodia Lepeletier and Serville. R. cruciata (Say). (Fig. 159). Het. New Harm., 33, 1832. This species also has been known as bicolor, crudelis and media. Though it may not occur in Connecticut, it is here included to draw attention to it, should it be found. Subfamily APIOMERINAE. Only one genus occurs in the Eastern United States. Apiomerus Laporte. Key to Species. 1. Female with outer apical angles of first genital segment deflexed, and not forming a continuous outline with the abdominal margin; male with apex of last genital segment produced into a short process in the center and armed with two spines upwardly curved and obliquely divergent ... . 50... sis cso ss oe ele cee 2 Female with sides of first genital segment forming a continuous outline with the abdominal margin; male with a single truncate process at apex of last genital segment; a small species ... .ventralis 2. Pronotum black with reddish or pale basal margin; abdominal targins more broadly pale; corium dark red <.-%: ...2oeee crassipes Pronotum partly rufous, basal margin narrowly pale; abdominal margins at most very narrowly pale .-o-ci. sie. . eee spissipes A. crassipes (Fabricius). Syst. Rhyng., 273, 1803. A common eastern species. New Haven, 20 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); Woodbury, 19 July, 1913 (W. E. B.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. A. spissipes (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 328, 1825. 635 Another reputed Western form which should be sought for in Connecticut. Fic. 160. Apiomerus ventralis Say,—(a) lateral view of head and front leg, (b) wing. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. A. ventralis Say. (Fig. 160.) Het. New Harm., 31, 1832. This western species has been recorded from Massachusetts and should in consequence be found in Connecticut. Subfamily ZELINAE, Key to Genera. I. Sides of mesosternum without a tubercle or fold in front ......... Sides of mesosternum with a tubercle or fold in front at the hind angles of the prosternum; first joint of rostrum longer than the AMLeMOls PAtesOt THEGHEAG Ve s/avireieloieye et sloteieie ce Suatenee Aleta NGPMee ieee en 2. Anterior femora as long as, or longer than, hind femora; first FOInt.of rostrum muuch Shorter than’ second)’. sinc. as cienie ste tees Anterior femora shorter than, rarely equalling, hind femora, in which case first joint of rostrum is as long as, or longer than SOCOM Ga Oe MONDE che U2 i cites ate Ve dey aes avian) see petra ate ed ee ae aa gay reader uta Bleateralanelesvor Pronotuimabmed: io/ulh..0 Wels se clelcilom euiee ceela ete 4 Lateral angles of pronotum unarmed ......... Zelus subg. typ. p. 687 686 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 4. Posterior disk unarmed; posterior angles with a sharp spine ... {Zelus subg. Diplodus] Posterior disk armed with two spines ....Zelus subg. Pindus, p. 687 5. First joint of rostrum in length equalling or exceeding second JOINE oo os dseltcere 8 cGyarb ss. cies etre. uae atta aia ere oy oe ene a ates ae 6 First joint of rostrum shorter than second; anterior femora slightly shorter than hind femora; first joint of rostrum dis- tinctly longer than that part of the head in front of the eyes .. Pselliopus, p. 686 6,. Pronotum’ armed with spines on disk 2... ..2.45... 2. se ee 7 Pronotum unarmed on the disk; ocelligerous part of head not elevated; lobes of pronotum indistinctly separated ........... Fitchia (in part), p. 688 7. Head as seen from side suddenly constricted at base ............. Fitchia (in part), p. 688 Head as seen from side gradually narrowed behind the eyes ...... Rocconota, p. 688 8. Anterior femora thickened, spinous, densely granulated; hind fémora unarmed’ ¢ 25-6... He eeee Boe ss ee See eee eee 9 Anterior femora unarmed, a little thickened and granulated; pro- notum posteriorly produced over scutellum with a high, dentate, loneitudinal median keel 522.03. 35. 2s eee Arilus, p. 689 9. Anterior tibiae armed ventrally with three long spines; anterior femora with a long spine above, apically ............. Sinea, p. 689 Anterior tibiae unarmed; anterior femora without a spine above .. Acholla, p. 680 Pselliopus Bergroth. Milyas Stal. Key to Species. Scutellum with a well-defined apical keel; last genital segment of male armed with a long sharp spine ................--...... barberi Scutellum not keeled; last genital segment of male bluntly spined cinctus P. barberi Davis. Psyche, xix, 21, I912. This newly-described species has been recorded from Long Island, and should be found across the Sound. P. cinctus (Fabricius). Milyas cinctus. (PI. xvi, 39.) Gen. Ins., 302, 1776. ; This is the Eastern species found in shrubbery and in corners of clearings in small numbers. It extends from Massachusetts to Texas. Westville, New Haven, 7 Sept., 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Poquonock, Windsor, 27 June, 1905 (B. H. W.); Manchester, 12 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.); 30 Aug., 1912 (D. J. C.); 21 Sept. (B. H. W.); Lyme, 14 May, 1911; Orange; 21 May, 1911 (A. B. C.); New Canaan, 20 Sept., 1912 (H. B. K.); Port- land, 15 Aug., 1913; 15, 22 May, 1914 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 9 June, 1914 (Q. S. L.); Stonington, 1 July, 1914 (I. W. D.); S. Meriden, 3: May, 1914 (H. L. J.); Plainville, 2 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. 687 Zelus Fabricius. Subgenus Zelus Fabricius. Z. exsanguis (Stal). luridus Stal. (PI. xvi, 38.) (Fig. 161.) Stett. Ent. Zeit., xxiii, 452, 1862. This is the common species which may be beaten from almost any hardwood tree. It ranges from New York south to Texas, etc. In Connecticut it has been taken as follows: Fic. 161. Zelus exsanguis Stal,—(a) wing, (b) head and thorax, dorsal view, (c) lateral view of head. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. Yalesville, 26 May, 1908 (B. H. W.); Wallingford, 5, 7, 8, 21 July, LOLOMZ a utlys TOT2) (DD, J. C.); 12, 21 June, torr (J. K. L.)i; Hamdenj-25 May, 1911 (B. H. W.), 28 May, 1911 (W. E. B.); Portland, 5 June, 1914 (Oe a Canaan, 14 June, 1916 (M. P. Z.); Lyme, 16 June, 1918 (B. H. W.). Subgenus Pindus Stal. Z. (P.) audax Banks. Ent. News, xxi, 325, I9IO. This species having been taken on the north shore of Long Island and also in Ontario should be found in Connecticut. Pre- sumably socius may also be found, but there seem to be no authentic records other than from the West. 688 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Rocconota Stal. R. annulicornis (Stal). Enum. Hemip. ii, 77, 1872. This species is found in New Jersey and doubtless occurs in Connecticut. Fitchia Stal. Key to Species. Pronotum armed with two short spines on disk, and a spine at each lateralvancle c.5 a.00 io. es. cheese cece ener ~ eee eee spinulosa Pronotum unarmed Fic. 162. Fuitchia aptera Stal,—(a) lateral view of head, (b) dorsal view of head and thorax, (c) wing. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. F. spinulosa Stal. Enum. Hemip. ii, 79, 1872. This species reputedly western has been taken on Long Island, and will in all likelihood be found in Connecticut. F. aptera Stal. nigrovittata Stal. (PI. xvi, go.) (Fig. 162.) Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh., xvi, 371, 18509. This common species ranges south to Texas. New Haven, 26 Feb., 21 Apr., 11 May, to11 (A. B. C.); 21 May, 191r (B. H. W.); Orange, 21 May, 1011 (Bi Haw), No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. 689 Arilus Burmeister. Prionotus Laporte. Prionidus Uhler. A. cristatus (Linnaeus). Wheel Bug. Cent. Ins. Rar., 16, 1763. This is a familiar species, which ranges south from New York and west to California. Though no records are available, it probably occurs in Connecticut. Acholia Stal. A. multispinosa (DeGeer). (PI. xvi, 41: Eggs, Pl. xix, 1.) Memoires, iii, 348, pl. 35, fig. 10, 1773. This species is arboreal and preys upon all kinds of caterpillars. Windsor Locks, 1 Sept., 1903 (W. E. B.); Branford, 16 Sept. 1904 CER We W.)'> Westville, 7 Sept, 1905- (B. H..W.); Hartford, 22 Oct, 1906 (B. H. W.); New Canaan, 7 Oct., 1907 (W. E. B.); New. Haven, June, 1908 (E. B. Whittlesey) ; Manchester, 21 Sept., 1911 (B. H. W.); Wallingford, 5 Sept., 1911 (A. B. C.); 14 Aug., 1912 (D. J. C.); Mystic, 3 Sept., 1916 (M. P. Z.); Norwalk, 10 Oct., 1918 (M. P. Z.); Madison, 10 Aug., 1919 (K. F. C.). Sinea Amyot and Serville. Hem., 375, 1843. Key to Species. Anterior prothoracic lobe. spined on disk ......... ocean diadema Anterior prothoracic lobe with tubercles only on disk ........ spinipes S. diadema (Fabricius). (PI. xvi, 35.) Gen. Ins., 302, 1776. A common species on red clover. It is, in fact, perhaps the commonest Reduviid in the East. It preys on caterpillars and other soft-bodied insects which it catches on the clover. It ranges from Canada to Southern Mexico, and in Connecticut has been taken as follows: Canaan, 18 Aug., 1894 (A. P. M.); Salisbury, 27 Aug., 1904, Colebrook, 20 July, 19005 (W. E. B.); 1 Sept., torr (W. M. Wheeler) ; Prospect, 15 Aug., 1906 (W. E. B.); East Hartford, 9 Aug., 1904 (P. L. B.); Stafford, 24 Aug., 1905 (Mrs. W. E. Britton) ; East River, 29 Aug., 1908 (C. R. E.) ; Meriden, 28 July, 1909 (A. I. B.); Pomfret, 22 Aug., 1912 (D. J. C.); New Canaan, 11 Sept., 1914 (M. P. Z.); Kent, 10 Aug., 1918 (M. P. Z.). S. spinipes (Herrich-Schaeffer). Wanz. Ins., viii, 82, fig. 851, 1848. This species is found on Long Island and there is no reason why Connecticut should not harbor it. Its recorded range is from Texas eastward. 690 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Subfamily EMESINAE. Key to Genera.* 1.- Anterior trochanters spineless’ ...........4.00 00... .4 see 2 Trochanters of anterior legs with two small but distinct spines, anterior tibiae not half as long as femora .......... Ploiaria, p. 690 2. Anterior tibiae about half the length of the femora ............. 3 Anterior tibiae nearly as long as femora .......... Ploiariola, p. 690 3. Tylus very prominent; prothorax entirely distinct from meso- thorax; head fully one-half the length of the anterior coxae .... Barce, p. 690 Tylus not prominent; prothorax not entirely distinct from meso- thorax; head less than one-half as long as the anterior coxae .. Emesa, p. 692 Ploiaria Scopoli. One species only of this genus may be found in Connecticut. P. simplicipes Uhler. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xix, 430, 1878. This species was described from Massachusetts, and would seem of possible occurrence in Connecticut. Ploiariola Reuter. Key to Species. Mesonotum with a prominent median tubercle ............ tuberculata Mésonotuni not tuberculate (2.4057 3.6.2 8 ee eee errabunda P. errabunda (Say). Hem. New Harm., 34, 1832. This species is recorded from Virginia, Maryland, New York and New Hampshire. It should be found in Connecticut. P, tuberculata Banks. Psyche, xvi, 46, 1909. A species described from Virginia and Sea Cliff, N. Y., the latter place being on Long Island across the Sound from Connecticut, and also recorded from Maine. Middlebury, 26 May, 1911 (W. E. B.). Barce Stal. Key to Species. 1. Femora unbanded, or possibly a band near apex on one pair only; median carina of mesothorax distinct ............<<.5 ese 2 Median and posterior femora banded; median carina of meso-. thorax ‘not. distinct: xa/s2:..aes5 eect cies ooo eae eee annulipes 2. Last abdominal segment in female slightly emarginate ......... uhleri Last abdominal segment in female deeply and roundedly emarginate fraterna * The tables in this group are adapted from Banks, and may need to be revised when more material is at hand. No. 34.| $HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: REDUVIIDAE. 691 B. annulipes Stal. Berl. Ent. Zeit., x, 168, 1866. A not uncommon form in the East, under stones in early spring and fall. It is sometimes swept from shrubbery on the edges of fields. New Haven, 26 Feb., 1911 (A. B. C.). Fic. 163. Barce fraterna Say,—(a) dorsal view, (b) lateral view of anterior femur and tarsus. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. B. fraterna (Say). (Fig. 163.) Hem. New Harm., 33, 1832. This is the largest species of the genus, and usually occurs without wings. It has been taken at various places from Massachusetts to North Carolina. 692 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. B. uhleri Banks. Psyche, xvi, 47, 1909. This species described from North Carolina has been taken in New York, under stones. It should be found in Connecticut. Emesa Fabricius. Syst. Rhyng. 263, 1803. E. brevipennis (Say). longipes DeGeer. (PI. xvii, 1.) Am. Ent., iti, pl. 47, 1828. This, the commonest Eastern species of the group, is found in shrubbery in the corners of fields, in old barns, etc. It is said to prey upon spiders. New Canaan, 21 Sept., 1909 (A. I. B.), 5 Sept., 1916 (M. P. Z.) ;. Man- chester, 14 Sept., 1910 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 27 Aug., 1914 (M. P. Z.), 26 Sept., 1915 (W. E. B.). Family PHYMATIDAE. By Howarp Mapison ParsHLEY, Sc.D. This group includes a moderate number of stout, roughly sculp- tured species of medium size, closely related to the Reduviidae. Head with rostral sulcus; antennae four segmented; the terminal segment enlarged; ocelli present; rostrum apparently three seg- mented (the true first rudimentary); membrane with numerous and often reticulated veins; front legs raptorial, the femora very strongly thickened, the tarsi small and retractile or absent; tarsi two segmented; in the male the large sixth segment of the abdo- men is terminal, above and below, the eighth forms an oval genital plate covering the seventh and following. The species are pre- daceous, often lying in wait in flowers for bees and other insect prey. The species of our region fall in one subfamily. Subfamily PHyMATINAE. Scutellum small, triangular, not covering hemielytra; veins of membrane much branched. Head short, with vertex anteriorly produced; antennae at rest received in grooves passing over eyes and along sides of pronotum. Front tibiae folding back against femora; front tarsi present. One genus is known. Phymata Latreille. Pronotal margins generally widened posteriorly and more or less irregularly sculptured; dorsal surface with two longitudinal carinae behind transverse impression. Corium large, with distinct veins. Abdomen concave above, more or less broadened at fourth segment. No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PHYMATIDAE. 693 Key to Species. Size large, length 8-10.5mm.; membrane brown; sides of pronotum deeplygmotcned atiimid dle ia 54). o ees Mich Sy aMalsi sede dl ate leche eieael erosa Size small, length 6.5-7.5mm.; membrane colorless; sides of pro- MOLUIMPESMANowhy; notched: ‘at middle: ely. ye Ne vicina P. erosa (Linnaeus) (subsp. wolffi Stal.). (Pl. xvi, 34.) Enum. Hemip., v, 133, 1876. Yellow; a band across abdomen at widest part, reddish brown to black; dorsal surface of head, apical antennal segment, and hind _ lobe or entire pronotum, sometimes infuscated; the female always pale, the male generally dark. Head longer than broad; fourth antennal segment in male dis- tinctly longer than second and third together, in female as long as second and third. Length, 8-10.5 mm. This species is usually found lurking in flowers, especially those of yellow color like tansy, where it is scarcely visible and finds easy prey in visiting insects. The closely related subspecies fasciata Gray is common farther south, and may yet be found within our limits. It is usually larger, length 9-12mm., and rather more robust; in the male the fourth antennal segment is scarcely as long as the second and third together, in the female one-half to one-third shorter. South Britain, 1884 (G. F. Pierce); Branford, Aug., 1905 (H. W. W.) ; New Haven, 7 Aug., 1905 (E. B. ,Whittlesey), 7 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.) GDiee Gyr New Canaan, 14 Sept.,: 1905. (W..E. B.),.'5. Sept. 1014 QieeZ))- "Durham, 1 Sept., 19090 (B. H:’ W.) ; Pomfret, 22 Aug. 1912; Wallingford,-9 Aug., 1912 (D. J. C.); Essex, 18 Aug., 1914 (W. E. B.); Portandya rand jo Aug.,. 1913 (B: H. W.);. Lyme, 20, Aug.; 1910 (B. H. W.); Bolton, 28 Aug., 1919, Cromwell, 12 Aug., 1919 (K. F. C.); Salem, 13, 19 Aug., 1914 (H. W. Foote). P. vicina Handlirsch. Ann. K. K. Nat. Hofm. Wien., xii, 150, 1897. Light yellow; abdomen with transverse black band; head and pronotum pale to largely black; corium pale; membrane colorless ; coloration darker in male than in female. Head half as long again as wide; fourth antennal segment in male about one-fourth longer than second and third together, in female somewhat shorter than these. Length, 6.5-7.5 mm. New Haven, 9 July, 1911 (B. H. W.). Family ENICOCEPHALIDAE. By Howarp Manpison Parsutey, Sc.D. This family includes a moderate number of very peculiar species of small size, now known to occur in all the larger faunal divisions of the world. They are especially characterized by having the head elongate and divided into two parts by a constriction behind 694 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull the eyes, the pronotum composed of three lobes separated by trans verse constrictions, and the hemielytra entirely membranous. But one species occurs within our limits. Systelloderes Blanchard. Small species, with shining surface and unclosed discal cell of the hemielytra. S. biceps (Say). Het. New Harm., 32, 1832. Pale grayish brown; head, fourth antennal segment, and veins of hemielytra more or less infuscated; anterior portion of head and pronotum, and scutellum sometimes yellow. Hind lobe of head somewhat longer than front lobe, subglobose, smooth, shining, narrower than head across eyes; antennae some- what longer than head, first segment shortest, second longest, third most slender. Length 3.6-4 mm. This rare species is sometimes taken in flight and sometimes in sifting fallen leaves. It has been found in Rhode Island, but not as yet in Connecticut. Family PIESMIDAE. By Howarp Mapison ParsHLey, Sc.D. This family comprises a few species, in which the surface of the body in great part is of closely reticulate structure, a feature sepa- rating this and the next family from the other Heteropterous. families. Juga long, projecting freely forward; ocelli present; pronotum not extended backward over scutellum; lateral carinae containing cavities which open beneath; hemielytra with clavus and membrane distinct, the latter shagreened but not reticulate and provided with four simple veins. The group should undoubtedly be accorded family rank. Piesma Lepeletier and Serville. The only genus of the family. Head transverse, with a small tooth before each eye; tylus somewhat elevated; bucculae short and parallel. One species occurs within our limits. P, cinerea Say. “(Phage Het. New Harm., 27, 1832. Coloration variable, gray to brown, spotted with dark brown or black. Length 2.5-3 mm. This small species is rather rare in the northeast. An immacu- late form occurs which McAtee has named var. inornata (Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., xiv, 87, 1919). No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: TINGIDAE. 695 New Haven, 4 Aug., 1909 (B. H. W.), 12 Dec., 1910 (A. B. C.), 9 July, nom EM) PS Z.)'; Hamden, 23 Aug.,. 19010 (W. E. B.)} 14 July, 1016 (M. P. Z.); Manchester, 18 Sept., 1911, Milford, 11 July, 1916 (W. E. B.); Stonington, 30 Dec., 1913 (I. W. D.). Family TINGIDAE. By Howarp Mapison Parsutey, Sc.D. This family comprises a considerable number of small species having a reticulate surface structure, as in the preceding, but with the areoles often larger, resulting frequently in a peculiar lace-like appearance. Juga short, not projecting conspicuously; ocelli absent; vertex usually armed with prominent spines; pronotum with a posterior extension, the angulate process, covering the scutellum; lateral carinae without cavities opening beneath; hemielytra entirely reticulate, lacking distinctly delimited corium and membrane. ‘The species of this family feed exclusively on plants, generally congregating on the under side of the leaves, occasionally in destructive numbers. They hibernate in the adult stage, usually under the bark of trees. The pronotum in the Tingidae exhibits an extraordinary degree of structural modification, being provided in some with foliaceous and globular expansions of most bizarre appearance, while in others these features are almost entirely lacking. The anterior portion bears the hood, which may be large and spherical, entirely covering the head, or so much reduced as to be hardly appreciable ; the disk is provided with longitudinal ridges, or carinae, one to three in number, and of varying length; the lateral margins are expanded in lamellae, the paranota of Crampton, which may be broad and more or less reflexed toward the dorsal surface, or reduced to mere ridges. The hemielytra offer certain characters of great importance in classification. In certain genera the central region is sharply raised, forming the discal elevation, while in others the surface is nearly plane or longitudinally channelled. The main veins delimit the following regions (Fig. 164): 1. Costal area; at the margin, sometimes greatly reduced (membrana costae of Stal). “ Zi Subcostal area; a narrow region next to the costal (area costalis of tal). 3. Discoidal area; a broad region occupying the disk or central portion of the hemielytron (area discoidalis of Stal). 4. Sutural area; occupying the inner and apical regions. It is narrow in the short-winged forms, expanding into the apical area in the long-winged ; and corresponding to the membrane of other families. The varying areolation of these parts provides means for the differentiation of many of the species and genera. Wing dimor- phism is common in this family, the hind wings being absent or abbreviated and the hemielytra somewhat shortened in the undevel- 696 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. oped form, while the pronotum is reduced in size and flattened in correlation with the reduction in the muscles of flight. The taxonomic characters proposed by Stal have remained adequate and are employed for the most part in the present synopsis. Costal area ( costat membrane of Stal ) Subcostal area (costal area of Stal) 2 = 952082002 O50 mye) Discoidal area Areoles _ Fic. 164. Physatochila plexa Say,—illustrating wing of a Tingid, show- ing areas and areoles. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. H. M. Parshley. Tribe TINGINI. The hemielytra have the areas distinguishable and usually dis- tinctly outlined by strongly elevated main veins (Fig. 164); anterior femora not abruptly thickened near base; pronotum with a more or less developed hood anteriorly; margins of pronotum and hemielytra more or less dilated. Key to Genera. 1. Bucculae widely separated in front,* exposing the insertion of the rostrum; metasternal orifices obsolete’ ..5......0.s25esn oe 2 Bucculae united or approximated in front, concealing the insertion of the rostrum; metasternal orifices usually distinct ........... 4 2. Lateral carinae low, simple; surface not vitreous ..°2 4402 eeeeeee Lateral carinae of pronotum greatly developed, hemispherical ; SULACE V VALLE OUS: 7s Sihai resp S rece ree eee ye oo tee eee Galeatus, p. 703 3. Third antennal segment more slender than the fourth, smooth, with few! Hime Waits lucie Boek saci Sere oa ie ein ea ae cee eae Acalypta, p. 608 Third antennal segment thickened, rugose, with numerous strong (ol kt Pa a Nan Pein NRE nee TAH ARM Sa es Dictyonota, p. 609 4. Metasternal orifices distinct; hemielytra not strongly channelled; pronotum usually tricarinate . 050.525. ../... <1. «2. nee 5 Metasternal orifices obsolete; hemielytra longitudinally channelled; _ pronotuml unicarifiate; etna as ee ee rincio. se Drakella,} p. 691 * With a single recorded exception, Acalypta thomsoniu Stal. + Drakella Bergroth (= Fenestrella Osborn and Drake) has not been found as yet in New England. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: TINGIDAE. 697 uu. Marginal BS ji spines DAY, i a waren (cal : CSUF Pronotum & mee GO. Le fae iits -\= Median ur carina ~ Lateral Carinae Wed > V ee Bucculae — ON LP Sina m/f O\ ee E-Paranotum Sternal 3 \N SS S- wi a ridges fi alee =) oe Inv, Metasternal ==<~— orifice Hemielytron ‘ <| KS ja) -- Discal f a elevation < Fic. 165. Tingid structures,—(a) Leptostyla oblonga Say, dorsal view of head and thorax, (b) Corythucha ciliata Say, dorsal view of thorax, (c) lateral view of same, (d) ventral view of same. All greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dr. Philip Garman. 698 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 5. Sternal ridges not connected; hemielytra and paranota widely explanate or narrow; paranota produced or angulate anterior exteriorly: when explanate. 225... .csc<2.000-<+ 5) eee eee 6 Sternal ridges connected by a transverse carina between meso- and meta-sternum; hemielytra and paranota widely explanate; paranota not produced or angulate anteriorly ....Gargaphia, p. 704 6. Hemielytra widely explanate; discal elevation present; pronotal hood covering head... 5. 7.c206 le aes teks ch cee eee 7 Hemielytra explanate or narrow; discal elevation absent; hood not covering entire head .....:<.. ee juglandis Coloration dark, the markings distinct .............+.-- noe eee 14 14. Hood low, but little higher than median carina, the summit broadly POUNCE. sis5%s wie Ste ois Case wlan CER Silence tet lee sole contracta Hood high, at least twice as high as median carina .............. 15 15. Size large, length about 3.9mm.; hood large globose, evenly rounded dorsally \.. /:cc sc 22 lele wale 12! sieieicust> = © leek pallipes Size smaller, length less than 3.7mm.; hood somewhat smaller, not globose, sides meeting at a sharp angle along median dorsal : VANE * 5 cra arene 6d Srocroreia ele Solel epebevorsie eeceieke ol -etei=t= ial (a heidemanni C. associata Osborn and Drake. Ohio Jour. Sci., xvii, 14, 1916. A large species, feeding on the wild cherry, which has been found on Long Island, N. Y., and probably occurs within our limits. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: TINGIDAE. 7OL C. pruni Osborn and Drake. Ohio St: Univ, Bull.; xx, 231, 1016: Corythucha pyriformis Parshley. Can. Ent., lii, 81, 1920. A large, distinctly marked species, having the hood very low and scarcely constricted. It feeds on wild cherry and has recently been reported from Maine and New Hampshire; so that it probably occurs in Connecticut. C. juglandis Fitch. Phird Rept., Trans. N. Y. St. Agr: Soc., xvi,:466, 1856. A species of rather small size, with faint coloration, occurring on walnut and basswood. Scotland, 15 Aug., 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Stamford, 16 Aug., 1912 (W. E. B.). C. pallipes Parshley. In Gibson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xliv, 82, 1918. Corythucha cyrta Parshley, Id., 86. Corythucha betulae Drake, Id., 86. A rather large species with broad, spherical hood, feeding on birch, as a rule. The Connecticut specimens were taken on an imported Salix. Stamford, 16 Aug., 1912 (W. E. B.). C. heidemanni Drake. Gibson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xliv, 87, 1918. Corythucha borealis Parshley. Id., 92. Closely related to the preceding but found on alder. It is some- what smaller and the hood is not so regularly globose; occurs in ‘New England. Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (P. G.). C. contracta Osborn and Drake. Ohio St. Univ. Bull., xx, 230, 1916. Corythucha parshleyi Gibson. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xliv, 83, 1918. This species, not as yet found in Connecticut, feeds on the wal- nut; it has been reported also from Amelanchier, pecan, basswood, and butternut. C. mollicula Osborn and Drake. Ohio Jour. Sci., xvii, 12, ror16. Corythucha salicis Osborn and Drake. Ohio Jour. Sci., xvii, 298, 1917. Corythucha canadensis Parshley. Occas. Papers Zool. Mus. Univ. Mich., No. 71, 18, 19109. This is a very distinct species, easily recognized by the lack of marginal spines and the fragmentary markings; it is widely vari- able in size. The food plant is willow.. It has been found in Massachusetts. Thompson, 19 July, 1921 (B. H. W:). C. cydoniae Fitch. Country Gentleman, Vol. xiv, 25, 1861. A common species living on the hawthorn, easily recognized by its small size, very dark markings, etc. New Haven, 9 July, 1911 (B. H. W.). 702 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. C. elegans Drake. Gibson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xliv, 89, 1918. A willow species, recognized by its peculiar coloration, especially the opaque areoles of hood and paranota. It has not been found in New England as yet, but occurs in neighboring states. C. pergandei Heidemann. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., viii, 10, 1906. A small, rather pale species living on the alder; it has been recorded from several other plants also. Chapinville, 26 May, Pine Orchard, 26 July, 1904 (W. E. B.); Brook- field, 27 July, 1910 (E. L. D.); Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (P: G:); Sihomp- son, 19 July, 1921 (B. H. W.). C. marmorata Uhler. (PI. xvii, 6.) Proc. Bost..coc, Nat. Hist, 1x, ATS. 21075. This common species is readily recognized by its coloration; the hemielytral pattern is made up of small spots, which in part unite to form two apical bands. Its chief food plant is goldenrod. The variety informis Parshley is frequently met with. Brookfield, 27 July, 1910 (E. L. D.); New Haven, 26 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 23 June, rorz CW. E. B.), 1 July, 19014 (M. BP. 2) Aus] 1916 (M. P. Z.); Granby, 1 July, 1914 (1. Holcomb); Meriden, 15 July, 1909 (A. I. B.), 12 June, 1915 (H. L. J.); Portland, 14 Qulysmrors (M. P. Z.); Guilford, 26 July, 1920 (M. P. Z.); Hamden, 9 Aug., 1920 GMP: eZ): C. ulmi Osborn and Drake. Ohio St. Univ. Bull., xx, 231, 1916. This species has brown markings and the apical band is wanting ; it feeds on the elm. Litchfield, 1922 (H. W. Hicock), on elm. C. pallida Osborn and Drake. Ohio St. Univ. Bull., xx, 230, 1916. This species feeds usually on the mulberry, but has been reported also from basswood; it is easily recognized by its almost uniform yellowish brown color. Its occurrence in New England is probable, but not as yet definitely reported. C. arcuata Say. Het. New Harm., 27, 1832. This Tingid occurs on various species of oaks, frequently in injurious numbers. It is distinguished especially by its very low hood. The variety mali Gibson lacks the apical band on the hemielytra. Brookfield, 27 July, 1910 (E. L. D.); New Haven, 19 Sept. 1910 (W. E. B.): Portland, 14 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Litchfield, riSepey 1914 (L. B. W.); Mystic, 4 March, 1915 (M. P. Z.). C. ciliata Say. Het. New Harm., 26, 1832. The sycamore Tingid, easily distinguished by its milky white No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: TINGIDAE. 703 coloration; usually there are two small brown dots on disk of hemielytra. Westville, 2 Aug., 1905 (W. E. B.); New Canaan, 14 Sept., 1905 CWwegts B:) > New Haven, 3 Aus., 1609 (B. H. W.); to Sept, 19010 (W. E. B.); Hartford, 26 Sept., 1910 (G. H. H.); Manchester, 18 Sept., LOM We Es. B.), 11 Sept., 1914 (B. H. W.);. Portland, 14 Aug. 10913 CBS He W:); Meriden, 8 March, 1914 (H. L. Jove North Stonington, 21 Jan., Mystic, 4 March, 1915 (M. 'P, Ze Galeatus Curtis. The extraordinary species belonging to this genus have the paranota and hemielytra widely explanate, surface vitreous, areoles large and often rectangular; pronotal hood small; lateral carinae greatly enlarged, forming two erect hemispheres with convexity outward; angulate process vesiculate. One species occurs in North America. G. peckhami (Ashmead). Ent. Amer., iii, 156, 1887. Body black, antennae, rostrum, and legs yellowish brown, areoles of the lateral carinae of the pronotum and sutural area of hemi- elytra clouded with dark brown, the rest colorless, vitreous. Para- nota with one series containing five areoles. Costal area with one series of large areoles. Length 4.2 mm. Has been found in Maine and New Hampshire. Leptobyrsa Stal. Head covered by pronotal hood; hemielytra ample, widening from base, rounded at apex. One species occurs in North America. L. rhododendri Horvath. Leptobyrsa explanata Heidemann. Rhododendron lace bug. Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung., iii, 567, 1905. Body black, membranous portions pale yellow, the veinlets darker ; a spot on the median carina and a transverse stripe before the middle of hemielytra, brownish. Legs and antennae yellow. Bucculae, sternal ridges, and pleurae pale. Length 3.6mm. Feeds on Kalmia and rhododendrons, often doing considerable damage. Rockville, 28 June, 1909 (H. Wood); Greenwich, 3 July, 1913, New iaven so june 1915 (W..E. B.); Cromwell, 6 July, 1921 (M. PR. Z:); Pomfret; 4 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.). Stephanitis Stal. This genus, characterized by the gradually widened hemielytra and short lateral carinae, is represented in our fauna by a single species recently imported, probably on azaleas from Japan. 704 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. S. pyrioides Scott. (PI. xvii, 8.) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), xiv, 440, 1874. New Canaan, 20 Sept., 1919 (P. G.). Gargaphia Stal. Pronotal hood small, not entirely covering head; hemielytra widely explanate, extending much beyond apex of abdomen. Key to Species. 1. Head with five long acute spines; length more than 4mm. ....... 2 Head with very short blunt spines; length less than 4mm. ...angulata 2. Paranota much narrower than disk of pronotum, evenly rounded laterally 24 sas. s 056 04 ew hws oh oie te cae oe oe eee tiliae Paranota almost as wide as disk of pronotum, angulately rounded solani G. tiliae (Walsh). Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., iii, 408, 1864. Pale yellowish brown; head, apical antennal segment, disk of pronotum, and a few veinlets before the middle of the hemielytra, dark brown. Length 4.2-4.6mm. Feeds on the basswood. Pleasant Valley, 5 Sept., 1915 (G. P. Englehardt). G. angulata Heidemann. (PI. xvii, 7.) Can. Ent., x YS 3 a1 cae fi ly Foe 3 \ } t 3 Al uo Vv i 1 ! | = ©) 3 } bs - Es uns 6 OLB & vig f Anterior < lobe 7 NY Vv 4 -- = Sh. Pronotum Posterior if Fic. 166. Ligyrocoris diffusus Uhler,—illustrating Lygaeid structures, dorsal view greatly enlarged. Drawing by Mr. H. G. Barber. opaque spots on the sides of the fourth ventral abdominal segment. Dr. Bergroth has called into question the value of these as a tribal character. This matter was discussed by me (Psyche, Vol. xxv, pp. 71-72, 1918), and need not be repeated here. Of secondary 710 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. importance in Stal’s scheme was the nature of the lateral margin of the pronotum, whether keeled, expanded or plain. Still other characters as noted in the keys are the presence or absence of a constricted ring-like collar anteriorly on the pronotum; the colora- tion particularly of the two lobes of the pronotum which are often set off from each other by a transverse constriction; the nature of the bristles or the setae on the hind tibiae; the relative length of Fic. 167. Ligyrocoris diffusus Uhler,—lateral view showing structures. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Mr. H. G. Barber. the segments of the hind tarsi; the armature of the fore-femora, etc. In certain subfamilies, especially in the Rhyparochrominae, short-winged forms (brachypterous) may frequently occur. The Lygaeidae as represented in the United States is relatively a large family, ranking second to the largest family, Miridae. Van Duzee, in his recent catalogue, lists 187 species. Most of the species are relatively of small size, Oncopeltus fasciatus being the ~~ No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 711 largest, and Antillocoris pallidus the smallest, member. From an economic standpoint a few of the Lygaeidae occupy an important position, notably the true and the false chinch bug, Blissus leucop- terus, Nyswus ertcae, etc. Most of the subfamilies are represented by exclusively plant- feeding species, but the Rhyparochrominae ‘seem to be mainly carnivorous as shown by the character of their fore legs. The antennae have four segments, and are inserted on or below the lateral margins of head. Ocelli very seldom absent. Rostrum of four segments. Hemelytra generally coriaceous, consisting of clavus, corium and membrane; clavus with rare exceptions, form- ing a commissure ; membrane with not more than five simple veins. Coxae trochalopodous. Tarsi three segmented; claws provided with arolia. Nymphs with two or three abdominal odoriferous orifices. Eggs deposited externally. This family is divided into seven subfamilies according to the following key: Key to Subfamiltes. 1. All sutures between the ventral segments of the abdomen straight and reaching lateral margins on each side. Head commonly with- out setae near eyes. Fore femora most commonly unarmed .... 2 Suture between the third and fourth ventral segments of the abdo- men curved anteriorly and not reaching lateral margins on each side (except Plinthisus). Head most commonly provided with one or more setae near the eyes. Fore femora usually swollen and most commonly armed with teeth .......... RHYPAROCHROMINAE 2. All abdominal spiracles situated dorsally. Entire posterior margin of pronotum, or at least the margin before the scutellum, turned down convexly. Fore femora not much swollen and rarely armed HeneauamwVAtleteetitr Ol; SPITICS e,5) cis Ceekes vt. a.e1e mimo Secete cee ele ae oe 3 All abdominal spiracles not situated dorsally, at least those of the sixth placed on the venter. Posterior margin of pronotum, at least before scutellum, commonly not turned down convexly. Fore femora more or less swollen, armed or unarmed ........... 4 3. Posterior margin of pronotum between scutellum and lateral angles more or less distinctly depressed or impressed. Hemelytra, usually the head, pronotum and scutellum impunctate. Two inte- rior veins of membrane commonly joined together near base by a BUMS WESCMVCIII Gis Srl ccekigre cuetie cik Fc awl nite bin oe grag tala suge erenerntas LYGAEINAE Posterior margin of pronotum between the scutellum and lateral angles not distinctly depressed or impressed. Hemelytra, head, pronotum and scutellum distinctly punctate. Two interior veins of membrane not joined together near base by a cross vein ..CYMINAE 4. All abdominal spiracles not situated ventrally, at most only three apical ones so placed. Anterior femora moderately incrassate and COMM OMe UMA BITE! bor cesee svc eicate teva 's Nysius Dallas. The members of this genus can easily be distinguished from the preceding by the fact that the costal margin of the corium 1s straight only for a short distance at base, the corium being wider than the abdomen, so that no part of the connexivum is visible. The eyes are very nearly or quite in contact with the anterior angles of the pronotum. Key to Species. 1. Costal margins of corium at base straight for a distance nearly equal to length of scutellum thence gradually expanded. Bucculae reaching beyond middle of gular region. Smaller species ....... 2 Costal margins of corium straight at base for a distance less than half of scutellum, then abruptly expanded. Bucculae less than half the length of gular region of head. Larger species californicus 2. Basal segment of antenna short, scarcely exceeding apex of head, little more than one-third the length of second. Antenniferous tubercles shorter. Eyes less bulging; width across eyes less than diameter of posterior margin of pronotum. Bucculae gradually evanescent posteriorly, not reaching base of head. Corium less_ expanded posteriorly 2.200.250 pie ie oe wleye ele ote to 2s ele en ene ericae Basal segment of antenna longer, usually exceeding apex of head by nearly half its length, nearly one-half as long as_ second. Antenniferous tubercles more prominent. Eyes more bulging; width across eyes about the diameter of posterior margin of pro- notum. Bucculae extended to or very nearly to base of head, more elevated throughout, not gradually disappearing posteriorly | thym1 N. californicus Stal. Freg. Eug. Resa, Ins., 242, 1859. This species, which is common in the southern United States, No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 715 reaches its northern limits in the south New England states. It is larger than the other species, measuring around 5-6mm. Color pale ochraceous, with head, pronotum, scutellum and legs punctate with fuscous. The principal veins of the corium and the legs are spotted with ferrugineous. New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (B. H. W.). Nerericae (Schilling). (PI. xvi,.25.) Beitr. Z. Ent., i, 86, 1820. This is the smallest and commonest member of the genus—3 to 4mm. long; often becoming destructive to field and garden crops. It may be found sheltering in great numbers under various weeds and grasses in the fall of the year. It is closely related to and resembles the following species in character and markings and likewise was probably introduced from Europe. The characters given in the above key will serve to differentiate these two species. New iaaven, 1 Aug, 1904 (P. L...B:), 4 Aug., 19000 (B. H. W.); East artiond. o Aug. 1904.(P. L: B.); North Haven, 3 Aug., to0s, (H. Li V.):; Glastonbury,, 27 July, 1904 (W. E. -B.); Poquonock, 27. June, 1005 Cig Ve); Orange, 21 May, 1911 (B: H. W.); Rainbow, 7; 14 May, 1015 Oi Z)): Brookfield, July, 1910 (E. L. D.). N. thymi (Wollf). Icon. Cimic., iv, 149, 1804. This is a more northernly species which spreads into New Eng- land and although no actual record of it has been made for the state, it has been taken in most all of the other New England states, and should occur in Connecticut. It is slightly larger than the preceding species, with the costal margin of the corium more plainly expanded. Other characters are mentioned in the key. Belonochilus Uhler. B. numenius (Say). Het. New Harm., 15, 1832. Yellow, with ferrugineous punctures and rufous apex to the corium. The head is very long, nearly as long as the pronotum and well extended beyond the apex of the basal antennal segment. . The rostrum is exceptionally long, reaching nearly or quite to the end of abdomen. There is no record of this appearing in the state but close collect- ing will certainly discover it as it has been listed from Massa- chusetts and New York. Mr. Otto Heidemann has recorded this species as occurring on the ripened fruits of the Sycamore tree about Washington, D. C. Subfamily CyMINAE. Key to Tribes and Genera. 1. Head without a curved longitudinal sulcus before each ocellus; apical angles of antenniferous tubercles not prominent; terminal 716 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. segment of antenna longer than third. Scutellum equilateral, with commissure shorter than the scutellum. Hemelytra commonly hyaline, not closely punctate all over. Orifices exteriorly extended and produced into a tooth at apex (Tribe IscoNorHYN- CHINT). Ye ndakirs Societe oat Ohare ee Ischnorhynchus 2. Head with a curved longitudinal sulcus before each ocellus; apical angles of antenniferous tubercles prominent, acute; terminal seg- ment of antenna shorter than third. Scutellum wider than long; clavus widened posteriorly; commissure much longer than scutel- lum. Hemelytra not hyaline, strongly and densely punctate all over i( Tribe Cy MINI) 2.) os8 ces eae atc we aloe ee ee ee Cymus Ischnorhynchus Fieber. I. geminatus (Say). Het. New Harm., 14, 1832. The sparsely punctate hemelytra are much wider and longer than the abdomen and vary from partially transparent to opaque; the apex of the corium reaches beyond the end of abdomen, and the clear, transparent membrane extends for nearly half its length beyond this part of the body. ‘The rather closely punctate head, pronotum and scutellum are reddish-fulvous. After considerable study and comparison of our species with the European /. resedae Panzer, | am much in doubt as to whether Say’s species is distinct from this. Individuals vary much in size and relative transparency of the corium. New Haven, 27 June, 1902 (E. J: S. M.), 21 Oct., 1903 (EH. EA vaeea May, 19004 (H. L. V.); North Haven, 3 Aug:, 1905 GH LV )eeWesi Haven, 27 June, 19005 (H. L. V.); Orange,.21. May; 19oir (ASB area Rainbow, 9 May, 1912 (B. H. W.); Brookfield, 27 July, 1910 (E. L. D.); Portland, 13 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); & June, 1015. (EF. W. Haasis)i-aeNew; Canaan, 17 Sept., 1918 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 5 July, 1921 (P. G.); Greenwich, 18 Nov., 1920 (M P. Z.); Litchfield, 22 July, 1920 (M. P. Z.) ; Cromwell, 30 Aug. 1920 (B. H. W.); Bridgeport, 20 Sept., 1020 (B. H.-W.) ; Killingworth, 31 May, 1920 (B. H. W.). Cymus Hahn. Key to Species. 1. Pronotum, at least anteriorly, provided with an elevated pale, longi- tudinal, calloused ridge. Second antennal segment scarcely shorter than third. Head wider than long, basal segment of antenna extended about to apex of head ...........:.2 seem Z Pronotum without a distinct median longitudinal calloused ridge. Second segment of antenna much shorter than third. Head about as long as wide; basal segment of antenna not reaching to apex OF HEA ue seth ckale ecttalersie cro eale Genet eee he one cho ee angustatus 2. Apical segment of antenna scarcely shorter than third. Width of anterior margin of pronotum subequal to inter-ocular part of head. Size smaller, .3=3.5 mts " jcceh will. ce eictotred-ye eielsstusls oie eee discors Apical segment of antenna very evidently shorter than third. Anterior margin of pronotum wider than inter-ocular space. Size. larger,''8'mm., ‘long. 42%. ike so Se tele tele oncte sie ciel ae eee luridus No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. Fist) C. angustatus Stal. Enum. Hemip., iv, 126, 1874. This is the commonest member of the genus, colored pale ochraceous verging into castaneous on the head, prenotum and scutellum, with a piceous spot at the apex of the clavus and the apical angles of the corium. The basal segment of the antenna does not reach to the apex of the head. New Haven, 8 June, 1904 (W. E. B.), 15 May, 1005, 17 May, 1906, 26 janeyioro (B. Hi. W.), 4 July, 19005 (H.-L. V.), 7 May, 26 Feb, 1011 (ASB. C.); Branford, 27 June, 1904, 28 July 19005 (H. L. V.); Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Miulldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.); Brookfield, 27 july.) ro1o (EE. L. D.); Danbury, 15 June, 1909 (C. W. J.; H. M. P:); Milford, 12 June, 1917 (M. P. Z.); Orange, 17 June, 1920 (M. P. Z.). C. discors Horvath. Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung., vi, 559, 1908. Smallest of the three species occurring in the eastern states; pale yellow testaceous usually with traces of castaneous markings on the corium. No actual record of this species for the state is at hand, but it undoubtedly should be recorded as Parshley lists it from all of the other New England states and it occurs in New York State and further south. It is commonly collected on sedges and grasses along the edges of ponds or in swampy areas. C. luridus Stal. Enum. Hemip., iv, 126, 1874. . Closely resembles the preceding but is more elongated. Pale yellow-testaceous, quite frequently conspicuously tinged with red. The terminal segment of the antenna is fully one-third shorter than the third. This species is more northerly in its distribution and I know of no record below New Jersey. Stony Creek, 27 July, 1904 (H. L. V.); Branford, 28 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 17 May, 1906, 13 May, 1911 (B. H. W.); Orange, 21 May 1611 (B.' H. W.). Subfamily BLissINae. Key to Genera. 1. Body elongate; abdomen over twice as long as head and thorax together. Apical margin of corium straight. Anterior coxal cavities closed behind, along the posterior margin of prosternum. Antennae longer than head, thorax and scutellum together. Rostrum short, its apex not reaching past the middle coxae. Scutellum™ sub-equilaterall 0.25... 4) aa ones Ischnodemus, p. 718 2. Body shorter; abdomen less than twice as long as head and thorax together. Apical margin of corium sinuate before apex of clavus. Coxal cavities open along posterior margin of pros- ternum. Width of head across eyes about one-half the diameter of posterior margin of prothorax. Antennae about as long as head, thorax and scutellum together. Rostrum longer, reaching past middle coxae. Scutellum wider than long ....... Blissus, p. 718 718 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Ischnodemus Fieber. I. falicus (Say). Het. New Harm., 15, 1832. This is the only one of the seven known United States species occurring in the northern states where it is commonly referred to as the False Chinch Bug. It is easily recognized by its elongate, narrow, depressed. form. Measures some 5-6mm. long. ‘The hemelytra are generally abbreviated. It is commonly swept from various wild grasses in low ground. Orange, 21 May, 1911 (B. H. W.). Blissus Burmeister. B. leucopterus (Say). Chinch bug. Het. New Harm., 14, 1832. Measures about 3.5mm. long. The milky white corium and membrane, with the usually conspicuous black apical angle of the former, distinguishes this species. The piceous or black head, pro- notum, scutellum and venter as well as the castaneous legs are quite hairy in the New England specimens. In the typical race of this region the apical one-third of the second, all of the third and fourth segments of the antennae are piceous, the remainder pale. A number of races are now known of which B. leucopterus hi- tus Montandon is the common one in the northeastern states. Along the sandy stretches adjacent to the coast occurs B. leucop- terus arenarws Barber. B. leucopterus, commonly known as the Chinch Bug, is a serious pest of grains in the western states but seldom injurious in New England, where according to Webster it is single-brooded. New Haven, 11 Aug., 1908, 13 May, 1911 (B. H. W.); 25 May, 1911 (A. B. C.); 19 May, 1920 (P. G.); Orange, 21 May, 1011 (BS ERaWer South Meriden, 15 Apr., 1914 (H. L. J.); Stamford, 13 Aug., 18901 (A, PP. M.,.H.-M. P.); Harttord; 22 Sept, 1922, (G6... Aa): Subfamily GEOCORINAE. Key to Genera. 1. Head extended laterally, eyes obviously stalked; inner margins of eyes strongly converging throughout; not in contact with anterior lateral margins of pronotum. First segment of rostrum shorter than second or subequal to it. Ocelli commonly placed midway between inner margin of eye and middle of vertex. Head smooth, | TP UNCtALe- ss seadseycpa secs excise eps eyceNe te ee nee tel ay teeters) ace Hypogeocoris 2. Eyes not so obviously stalked and commonly contiguous to anterior lateral margins of pronotum; inner margins, at least anteriorly, more commonly sub-parallel. Head commonly more or less punc- tate or rugulose. Ocelli in most cases placed_closer to inner margin of eyes than to middle point of vertex. First segment of | rostrum longer than second) .. 23. cee se oe eee eee Geocoris No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 719 Hypogeocoris Montandon. (Isthmocoris McAtee. ) H. piceus (Say). Het. New Harm., 18, 1832. Only this one species of the genus occurs in the northern states. The head is extra wide, the eyes set upon short, broad stalks. Its color is very shining piceous, with the head above and below, base of first antennal segment, legs and acetabulae ochraceous. The surface, except the head, sparsely but coarsely punctate. In brachypterous forms at least, the clavus is not plainly differen- tiated and is level with the corium. I have never seen any specimen with the membrane fully developed. ilamden,) 24, Apr., 1911 (B. H. W.), 15-Aug., 1921 (P. G.).; Portland, (W. L. McAtee) ; Cornwall, 14 Apr., 1920 (K. F. C.); New Haven, 21 July, 1920 (B. H. W.). Geocoris Fallen. Only two species of this genus occur in New England but each is subject to considerable color variation and a number of these forms have been named and described. G. bullatus (Say). Het. New Harm., 18, 1832. In this species the scutellum is plainly longer than wide, gener- ally piceous in color with an enlarged yellowish, punctate area on each side. The corium is generally griseous, with fuscous mark- ings along posterior margin. Brachypterous form unknown to me. G. discopterus Stal, is made a variety of this species by McAtee, 1914. It is a smaller, more profusely punctate form and as it occurs in both macropterous and brachypterous conditions I have considerable doubt of McAtee’s conclusions. North Haven, 10 June, 1907 (W. E. B.); New Haven, to June, 1907 (J. Barlow, H. M. P.). G. bullatus var. discopterus Stal. Enum. Hemip., iv, 136, 1874. New Haven, 19 July, 1904 (P. L. B.); North Haven, 3 Aug., 1905 (B: HL W.). G. uliginosus (Say). Het. New Harm., 10, 1832. This in all of its color variations can be distinguished from bullatus by the scutellum forming an equilateral triangle; this part colored uniformly piceous, without the yellowish or griseous area on each side. Most commonly the corium is more or less widely pale margined, with the inner surface piceous. The four color varieties differentiated by McAtee, 1914, can usually be distinguished by his key, as follows: 720 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Key to Varieties. oe, OC) 8 © & 6 Ce ere: Slee a 0700.6 6.60; 0! sieleveseleletetate Head light reddish-brown or testaceous. Pronotum and hemelytra broadly pale margined, the latter sometimes entirely pale latter Sometimes entirely pale ...-.:......2.«.2.2..00 var. speculator 202 Costal margins of hemelytra almost entirely piceous or narrow- pale wmareined! «ie skeen ee var. uliginosus Hemelytra broadly pale mareined ..../..202..:2..5. 20 var. lateralis G. uliginosus var. uliginosus (Say). Het. New Harm., 19, 1832; McAtee, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xxvii, 135, IQT4. New Haven, 11 July, 1920, 29 May, 18 June, 1921 (B. H. W.). G. uliginosus var. lateralis (Fieber). Wien. Ent. Monats., v, 271, 1861. This variety will certainly be found in the state. G. uliginosus var. speculator Montandon. Bull. Soc. Sci. Buc., xvi, 227, 1908. New Haven, 9 July, 1911 (B. H. W.). G. uliginosus var. limbatus Stal. Enum. Hemip., iv, 136, 1874. New Haven, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.), 4 Sept., 1911 (C. E. Olsen). Subfamily PAacHYGRONTHINAE. Key to Genera. 1. Antennae short; first segment shortest of all, not reaching apex of head and not clavate at apex. Head strongly deflexed from base. Scutellum sub-equilateral. Apical margin of corium toward apex of clavus more or less sinuate and outer apical angle obviously rounded. First tarsal segment of hind legs short, about as: lone’ as second and third together .:.2..25... 4.5.5. eee Phlegyas 2. Antennae longer; first segment longest of all, far surpassing apex of head and clavate or swollen at apex. Head not strongly deflexed. Scutellum commonly longer than wide. Apical margin of corium straight, with outer apical angle sub-acute. First tarsal segment of hind legs longer than second and third together Oedancala Phlegyas Stal. P. abbreviatus (Uhler). (Pl. xvi, 24.) Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., i, 313, 1876. A very common species occurring in both the brachypterous and macropterous forms, of which the former, with the membrane not reaching beyond the fourth abdominal segment, is the most com- mon. The head is short and wide, deflexed from base so that the No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 721 front is almost vertical. ‘The basal segment of antenna does not reach beyond apex of head. The much swollen anterior femora are armed with a number of unequal-sized sharp teeth. The gen- eral color is pale tawny-brown, with the head, pronotal callosities, middle of scutellum, posterior margin of corium, alternate bands on connexivum, piceous or verging into castaneous frequently. Parts of the head, pronotum, scutellum and ventrally, clothed with very fine short silver-white hairs. The apex of the femora and the tibiae are banded with pale yellow. Size 4.5 mm. New Haven, 6 July, 1904, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), 17 July, 1908, 1 June, roit CB. H. W.); Middlebury, 16 June, tort (B. H. W.); Portland, 9 Niemetors (Bb. Et. W.), 14 July, 1914 (M. P. Z.)-; Salisbury,‘27 Aug.) 1904 (W. E. B.); Westville, 4 July, 1904 (W. E. B.); Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Scotland, 8 Aug., 1905 (B. H. W.); Brookfield, 27 July, 1910 (E. L. D.); Litchfield, 1 July, 1916 (L. B. W.); South Meriden, 25 May, 1914 (H. L. J., H. M. P.).; Norfolk, 5 June, 1919, Cheshire, -23 June, 1919 QisesZ): Orange, 2 June, 1920 (W. E, B.). Oedancala Amyot and Serville. O. dorsalis (Say). (PI. xvi, 27.) Het. New Harm., 17, 1832. As there is only this one species in New England, the generic characters given in the key will serve to distinguish it. Measures about 6mm. long. It is yellow-ochraceous with ferrugineous punctures. The scutellum is piceous with a raised, smooth, yellow stripe on each side. The first segment of the antenna is very long, the anterior femora very swollen and armed beneath with numerous unequal teeth. Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); New Haven, 9 June, 1905 (B. H. W.), 26 May, tort (A. B. C.); Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (Bee Wi) Lyme, 20 Aug., 1910 (B. H. W.), (A. B. C.); Wallingford, 8 June, I9II (B. H. W.); Danbury, 15 June, 1909 (C. W. J., H. M. P.);_No. Branford, 8 June, 1912 (B. H. W.); Darien, 27 May, 1915 (C. W. J., He MarR.) South Meriden, 7 June, 1914 (H. L. J.) (H._M. P.) ; Woodmont, 6 Sept., 1916 (M. P. Z.); Cromwell, 23 June, 1920 (K. F. C.). Subfamily OXYCARENINAE. Crophius Say. C. disconotus (Say). Het. New Harm., 14, 1832. This is a small species measuring not more than 3.5 mm. long. The closely punctate head and pronotum varying from dark casta- neous to piceous; the much expanded and more sparsely punctate hemelytra pale testaceous ; the membrane with a large dark brown spot on the disk, basally. The legs and the first two segments of antenna are reddish-ochraceous, with the last two segments of the latter infuscated. New Haven, 25 March, ro11 (A. B. C.). 722 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Subtamily RHyPAROCHROMINAE. Key to Tribes. 1. With the two glandular, opaque spots, laterally on the fourth ven- Pronotum with lateral margins of anterior lobe obtuse, terete, neither calloused, carinate. nor expanded nor longitudinally impressed within lateral margin of propleura; most commonly strongly constricted transversely to form two distinct lobes and most commonly provided with a constricted ring-like collar. If collar is absent then is the head not at all or very slightly exserted. Body commonly less depressed, more narrow-elongate MyopocHINI, p. 723 3. Entire lateral margin of pronotum and costa, more or less laminate- expanded and most commonly in part, pale; this margin rarely, only keeled, in which case the first segment of antenna is extended far beyond apex of head and genital segment of male is tubercu- late; pronotum including margin, most rarely entirely black, pos- terior lobe most commonly pale or variegated with pale. Pos- terior tibiae furnished with long rigid subspiniform setae or bristles: ..lsa tee ok cn ba'a oe ctelteries Gens 0. Oe ee 4 Lateral margins of pronotum not at all or less entirely laminate- expanded, most commonly either carinate or longitudinally impressed within lateral margin of propleura. Pronotum most commonly entirely black, ferrugineous or castaneous, with pos- terior lobe rarely paler, punctate with black. Head rarely strongly exserted, if so, then is a constricted ring-like collar present anteriorly on the pronotum (Ozophora). Hind tibia most commonly without rigid bristles only, most frequently pilose RHYPAROCHROMINI, p. 730 4. Antennae nude or with shorter pubescence, first segment sometimes furnished with a few shorter setae. Lateral, more narrowly, expanded margin of pronotum not at all or rarely sparingly punctate; anterior disk of pronotum most commonly smooth or sparingly punctate, rarely densely punctate .......... BEOSINI, p. 732 Three basal segments of antennae provided with rigid, setose bristles. Lateral, more widely expanded margin of pronotum and corium commonly, profusely punctate. Clavus irregularly punc- tate. Dorsal parts commonly pale and profusely punctate ...... GONIAINOTINI, p. 733 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 723 Tribe MYODOCHINI. Key to Genera. 1. Head exserted or not, but never drawn out into a long cylindrical Neco Collamore TaTely -ADSENt® < oo es indeme he cei ee ee 2 Head very much exserted, drawn out into a long cylindrical neck at base; longer than pronotum. Two lobes of pronotum sub- equal. Body narrow elongate. Hind tibia furnished with long, setose hairs. Basal segment of hind tarsus about three times as long as second and third together. Macropterous forms only... Myodochn& p. 724 2. Pronotum commonly constricted at middle or a little behind middle; anterior lobe black, in all macropterous forms and in most brachypterous forms never or scarcely ever more than twice as long as posterior lobe; if more than doubly longer then the head is not exserted (as in brachypterous forms of some Ptochiomera) 3 Anterior lobe of pronotum three or four times as long as posterior lobe, with transverse constriction between lobes commonly shallow or ill-defined. Head distinctly exserted. Fore tibia of males provided with a submedian tooth. Antennae elongate. Basal segment of posterior tarsus two or three times as long as second and third segments together. Brachypterous forms common .... 9 3. Head more or less distinctly exserted. Pronotum with a con- stricted ring-like collar. Body more or less elongate ........... 4 Head not at all or scarcely exserted, commonly immersed to eyes. Pronotum without a constricted ring-like collar, at most with anterior margin depressed or furnished with a series of punctures ; strongly constricted to form two lobes, both of which are punc- tate, the disk of the anterior one sometimes more sparingly so. Clavus with three rows of punctures. Posterior tarsus with basal segment subequal to second and third together ............ 8 4. Head commonly strongly contracted back of eyes; postocular space commonly subequal to or sometimes shorter than space between DAS CMOMATILETINIA ATIC CVC io s)0:4.5 she dense aicltaiys dus -eysne g, digiersle vases /avennreperene rs 5 Head strongly exserted, forming a short neck at base; postocular space about four times as long as space between base of antenna and eye. Eyes placed about midway on head. Hind tibia pro- vided with fine rigid bristles. Basal segment of posterior tarsus about as long as second and third together. Macropterous and EAGHIV PEEHOUS LOLIMS. ve eine ltte tse g egies s.- slits em eepon iol Heraeus, p. 725 5. Second and third ventral abdominal segments not furnished with finelyustrigose lunate: Vitae. 2). 5 02s tre ee abo tecore she ays oe sal ates nes 6 Second and third ventral abdominal segments furnished on each side with a finely strigose, lunate vitta .......... Ligyrocoris, p. 725 6. Two lobes of pronotum commonly separated by a more shallow obtuse constriction. First segment of rostrum commonly reach- TINS MDASE TOL MCAM aes seis oo -feve) eo ssc «) <)ni4 aye eis 's oin/ntmiSnoyalo a-theheyenelerecenale 7 Two lobes of pronotum separated by a deep, clean cut, transverse constriction. First segment of rostrum not reaching base of head. Hind tibia most commonly furnished with short bristles ........ _ Orthaea, p. 727 7. Posterior tarsus with basal segment fully three times as long as second and third together. Hind tibia provided with long rigid bristles only. Antennae legs and body nearly nude. Form of body narrow-elongate, with longer legs. Scutellum carinate HAMOUGUEME Te Wyse eiinietetcle. + clesclonesistyayatetctegs arelriehele is Zeridoneus, p. 727 724 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. with long setose hairs, the hind tibia also with a few rigid bristles apically. Form of body broadly oval with shorter legs ........ Perigenes, p. 727 8. First segment of antenna exceeding apex of tylus by one-half its length. Anterior margin of pronotum depressed, punctate. Basal disk of scutellum depressed before a premedian, transverse or crescentic ridge, posteriorly carinate. Fore femora armed with several teeth. In brachypterous forms membrane may be almost or entirely wanting, the clavus flat, not deflected to corium and anterior lobe of pronotum swollen and more than twice the length of posterior one. Species not at all or only slightly shining .... Ptochiomera, p. 728 First segment of antenna short, scarcely exceeding the tylus. Anterior margin of pronotum not depressed. Basal disk of scutellum depressed followed by a longitudinal carina. Incras- sate fore femora armed with two or three preapical teeth one of which is frequently enlarged. In brachypterous forms the mem- brane is only a little shortened, the clavus always deflected to the -coritim:: Species very simi seas ee Kolenetrus, p. 728 9. Anterior lobe of pronotum impunctate, demarked from posterior lobe by a transverse impressed line; provided with a distinct ring- like collar. Basai segment of antenna with a few setose bristles. Ocelli absent. Fore tibial tooth of male at middle or posterior to middle. Hind tibia provided inwardly and outwardly with rigid bristles. Basal segment of hind tarsus three times as long as second and third together. Large species ........ Cnemodus, p. 729 Anterior lobe of pronotum sparsely punctate, two lobes separated by an obtuse sinus, not indicated by an impressed line; anterior margin depressed, punctate. Basal segment of antenna without setose bristles. Ocelli present. Fore tibial tooth of male anterior to middle. Hind tibia with a few setose bristles inwardly. Basal segment of posterior tarsus about twice the length of second and third together. Smaller species «......... Pseudocnemodus, p. 729 Myodochus Latreille. M. serripes Olivier. (PI. xvi, 29.) Encyc. Meth., viii, 106, 1811. A very distinctive species by reason of its long, slender, cylin- drical neck. The head is shining, the pronotum dull black; the hemelytra brown with pale margin. By reason of the slender body the legs seem rather long, the fore femora being longer than the intermediate ones; the former as well as the posterior femora are apically piceous. The apex of the second segment of the ros- trum does not reach the base of the elongated head. The hind tarsus is very long, at least three times as long as second and third together. Size 8-9 mm. This is a widely distributed species sheltering under boards, etc., on the ground and is in part at least predaceous. New Haven, 17 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 18 March, 21 Apr., 1011 (A. B. C.), 26 June, 12 Aug., 1912 (at light); East River, 15 July, 1908 (C. R. E.); Lyme, 30 Apr., 1911 (A B. C.); Wallingford, 23: Nov.3 ore (H. B. K.); Portland, 10 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Farmington, 18 Aug., ee ee (H.-M: P.); Winnipauk, 12 June; rors (Ge J.) No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 725 Heraeus Stal. H. plebejus Stal. Enum. Hemip., iv, 147, 1874. General coloring and shape much as in the preceding but con- siderably smaller and less slender—about 5mm. long. The base of the dull black head is not drawn out into a long cylindrical neck and the eyes are set midway between base and apex of head. Basal segment of rostrum does not quite reach to base of head. Basal segment of posterior tarsus only twice as long as second and third segments together. Anteriorly this insect is quite pilose or hairy. Also found sheltering under boards and other loose objects lying on the ground and with similar predaceous habits. New Haven, 7 May, 1911 (A. B. C.). Ligyrocoris Stal. Key to Spectes. 1. Corium with a distinct post-median transverse fascia. Membrane without a median longitudinal pale streak but often pale at apex 2 Corium without a post-median transverse fascia; costal margin narrowly pale. Membrane with a pale streak through the middle depictus 2. Anterior lobe of pronotum and fore femora sparsely setose. Diameter of pronotum at collar plainly less than at constriction between the two lobes. Markings of corium castaneous or fer- rugineous with the post-median fascia generally not quite reaching edge of corium. Membrane commonly produced to end of abdo- MEME MAVCINSHLOn the most, Part) pale os 2.4 0:. dais is a onus eee diffusus Anterior lobe of pronotum and fore femora nearly or quite devoid of setose hairs. Diameter of pronotum at collar subequal to diameter at post-median constriction. Markings of corium fuscous or piceous with the post-median fascia extended entirely to edge of corium. Membrane most commonly not extended to apexrotvapaomen:, apex triangularly pale... 4.2. Gee sylvestris *L. depictus Barber. JoumwNeY. Ent. Soc., XXix, 100, 1921. Closely related to diffusus Uhler, but readily distinguished by the relatively longer antennae, dark castaneous hemelytra without any evidence of the usual transverse fascia. Usually the mem- brane is a little shorter than the abdomen and provided with a pale streak down the middle. Portland o Aus.. 1913 .(B: H. W.) ; Westport,.24 June, to21, (Wi. E. B.). L. diffusus (Uhler). (Figs. 166 and 167.) ieroc, Bost, Soc. Nat. Hist., xiv, 101, 1871. Head, anterior lobe of pronotum, apical half of third and all of fourth segment of antenna piceous black. Four fascia on the posterior lobe of the pronotum and most of the inner part of the hemelytra dark castaneous-brown. The costal margin pale 726 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. throughout, much more narrowly so opposite the post-median and apical castaneous spots; in other words, the transverse post-median and apical fasciae do not quite reach the outer edge of the hem- elytra. Near the inner apical angle of the corium is a con- spicuous pale spot. The legs are variable, most commonly pale, with the femora often entirely pale ferrugineous or sometimes apically infuscated. The head, pronotum and scutellum are pro- vided with quite a number of long setose hairs which are almost entirely wanting in the following species. The membrane is embrowned, with the nervures and a small spot at apex pale. Apex of membrane extended to tip of abdomen. I have never seen a brachypterous form of this species. 5-6 mm. long. Thompson, 3 Aug., 1892 (A. P. M.); New Haven, 8 July, 1904 (Pp. L. B.), 5 Sept. 1905, 18 June, 1911 (B. H. W.); Salisbury, 27 Aug., 1904 (W. E. B.); Stony Creek, 12 Aug., 1904 (P. L. B.); East Hartford, 9g Aug., 1904 (P. L. B.); Scotland, 25 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Rockville, 23 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.); Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (Hz L: V.); Statord: 24 Aug., 1905 (W. E. B.); Mount Carmel, 25 Aug., 1906 (B. H. W.); East River, 11 July; 1908 (C. R. E:); Brookfield, 27 July, 1910 @eaee Dickerson); Orange, 4 June, 1910 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 18 July, 10916 (M. P. Z.); New Canaan, 12 Sept., 1918 (M. P. Z.); Madison, 25 July, ro19g (W. E. B.); Litchfield, 22, July, 1920 (P. G.); North Haven, 4 Sept., 1921 (B. H. W.);. Stratford, 9 July, 1920. (B. H. W:); Waterbunyaens Oct; 19020)°(B-sE. W.). L. sylvestris Linnaeus (contractus Say). Syst. Nat., 440, 1758. Very closely related to and often difficult to distinguish from the preceding species. Generally darker colored with the head, anterior lobe of pronotum, scutellum and most of the corium pale, interrupted just behind middle and also at apex with large con- spicuous spots or fasciae which reach entirely to edge of costal margin. The usual conspicuous pale spot near inner apical angle of corium is generally quite or almost effaced, and the usual paler fascia of the posterior lobe of the pronotum are inconspicuous. The legs which are also variable are more inclined to darker colora- tion, with the fore femora, except the knees and basally and the apical part of the intermediate and posterior pairs, piceous. Other noticeable differences are the following: antennae are evidently longer; the head and pronotum almost or quite denuded of long setose hairs; the posterior lobe of the pronotum is relatively narrower in relation to the diameter of the anterior lobe, where in brachypterous forms especially the two lobes are nearly equal in diameter; the corium anteriorly paler; the membrane is fuliginous with few if any of the veins paler and with a more conspicuous triangular pale spot at apex. This species is more northerly in its spread than diffusus and occurs most commonly in the brachypterous form with the membrane usually reaching to middle of sixth segment. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 72a Orthaea Dallas. O. basalis (Dallas). List of Hemip., ii, 575, 1852. A small species measuring some 4mm. long. In common with most of the species of this tribe the head, anterior lobe of the pro- notum and scutellum are dull piceous-black; the posterior lobe of pronotum infuscated but paler particularly in the middle. The hemelytra are grayish, much punctured with fuscous and with a conspicuous pale spot near the inner apical angle of the corium. The antennae are mostly pale except for the terminal segment which is dark brown. The much swollen fore femora, except the knees, and a preapical ring on the middle and hind pairs, piceous. Found commonly under stones, sticks, etc., particularly in the fall of the year. Rainbow, 9 May, 1912 (B. H. W.). Zeridoneus Barber. Z. costalis (Van Duzee). CanyEnt.,'xli, 373, 1900. This is a rather large, narrow species, measuring about 7 mm. long, much resembling a Ligyrocorid in character. Head, anterior lobe of the pronotum and scutellum piceous-black; the posterior lobe of the pronotum is fuscous with four longitudinal fasciae, the outer ones along the margins. The hemelytra are dark brown, punctate with fuscous, with the entire costal margin except at apex, pale yellow; the usual pale spot near inner apical angle of the corium is inconspicuous or effaced. The membrane is embrowned and somewhat irrorate with pale. All dorsal parts, as well as antennae and legs, denuded of hairs. The legs are mostly pale with the fore femora broadly in the middle and the two others apically, piceous. The antennae pale with first, apical part of second and third and all of fourth segment brown. Hind and middle tibia with stiff bristles only. The basal segment of hind tarsus over three times as long as second and third segments together. This is a northern species rather uncommon south of the New England States. South Meriden, 6 July, 1914 (H. L. J.); Guilford, 13 July, 1920 GB.) : Perigenes Distant. P. constrictus (Say). Het. New Harm., 15, 1832. A broader and slightly shorter species than the preceding which it much resembles in coloration. However, it is easily distin- guished by the fact that the dorsal parts, legs and antennae are quite pilose. The costal margin of the corium is pale interrupted 728 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. by a transverse fascia behind middle and apex dark brown in com- mon with the inner field of the corium. Membrane dark brown with some of the veins in part pale. Legs and antennae colored much the same as in the preceding but their pilosity is quite dis- tinctive. The basal segment of the hind tarsus is relatively shorter about twice the length of second and third together and the fore femora are not so strongly armed. Wallingford, 11 July, 1910 (D. J. C.); Salem, 12 July, 1914 (H. W. Foote). Ptochiomera Say. P. nodosa Say. Het. New Harm., 18, 1832. A small species, about 3 mm. long, which is easily identified by the incrassate character of the last two segments of the antennae, especially noticeable in the females. The piceous anterior lobe of the pronotum is strikingly contrasted with the pale anterior margin and posterior lobe of the pronotum as well as the scutellum and hemelytra. The head, scutellum except on the carinae and three or four longitudinal fascia on the hemelytra pale, castaneous or ferrugineous. The legs and first two segments of the antennae are pale yellow, the swollen third segment of the latter is piceous while the fourth is mainly ferrugineous. While in most of the other species of this tribe the scutellum is nearly plain, here it is strongly keeled behind a sub-basal, crescentic, transverse ridge. This 1s another ground species often brachypterous, commonly sheltering under objects. No record of this has been found for the State as yet, but it undoubtedly should occur there as it occurs in neighboring states. P, clavigera Uhler. Hemip. Col., 24, 1895. A little smaller than nodosa, with the last two segments of the antennae likewise much swollen. Color dull castaneous brown, closely and coarsely punctate with fuscous, with few strongly contrasting colors. The transverse constriction between the two lobes of the pronotum much more shallow than in the preceding. Cornwall, 28 Nov., 1919 (K. F. C.). Another species of the genus—P. ferruginea Stal, occurs in the east but has not been reported from the State. Kolenetrus Barber. K. plenus (Distant). Rhyparochromus plenus Distant. Biol. Centr. Am., Heterop., i, 216, 1882. This is apparently a rare species in the State as only one record is at hand. The head, pronotum and scutellum are shining piceous and rather closely and evenly punctate. The hemelytra are shining grayish with some piceous markings posteriorly. The No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 729 antennae have the basal and terminal segment dark brown, the second and third, pale ferrugineous. All femora except their apices are piceous, the tibia pale; the swollen fore femora of the male have but a single tooth. Measures about 3.5 mm. long. It is another ground species likely to be taken sifting among dead leaves. Georgetown, 23 Aug., 1910 (Am. Mus. Nat. Hist). Cnemodus Herrich-Schaeffer. C. mavortius (Say). (PI. xvi, 28.) Het. New Harm., 19, 1832. An elongated species, 9 mm. long, with piceous-black body and long pale legs. It is chiefly characterized by the elongate and often inflated fore-lobe of the pronotum, which is at least three times as long as, and most often wider than the posterior lobe. The costal margins of the hemelytra are pale. The eyes are not in contact with the pronotum but set mid-way between base of head and tip of antenniferous tubercles. Ocelli are wanting. The antennae are long, with the basal segment extended much more than half beyond tip of head, basally pale with the fourth segment embrowned. The elongate fore femora are armed with an outer row of five or six strong teeth and an inner row of five or six smaller teeth. The fore tibia of the male is strongly bent near base and armed behind middle with a strong, curved tooth. This species occurs most common in the brachypterous form with mem- brane poorly developed, scarcely extended beyond the apex of the corium. Lyme, 12 March, to11 (A. B. C.); South Meriden, 18 May, 10915, CH rea) CH. M. P.). . Pseudocnemodus Barber. P. canadensis (Provancher). Pet. Faune Ent. Can., iii, 84, 1886. Resembles a small C. mavortius Say, but it is pale castaneous- brown in place of black, with the humeral angles, costal margins of the hemelytra, antennae and legs for the most part, stramineous- yellow. The fore lobe of the pronotum less often inflated, is relatively shorter than in the preceding species and is not demarked from the anterior lobe by an impressed line. The antennae have the apical half of the third and all of the fourth segment embrowned. The legs have the apices of the femora embrowned ; the incrassate fore femora armed with two rows of weaker spines. The strong fore tibial spine of the male is placed before the middle. The brachypterous form is also here the most common, with the membrane not extended beyond apical angle of the corium. Measures about 6 mm. long. 730 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Connecticut (Van Duzee Catalogue, 1917); Salem, 22 July, 1914 (H. W. Foote). Tribe RHYPAROCHROMINI. Key to Genera. 1. Anterior margin of pronotum without a ring-like collar, at most faintly impressed or provided with a series of punctures within. Pronotum strongly transverse with margins very slightly keeled and not reflexed. Head not at all or very slightly exserted. Commissure less than one-half the length of scutellum. Hind tibia without rigid bristles. Basal segment of posterior tarsus not twice as long as second and third together .........:2...... 2 Anterior margin of pronotum with a distinct ring-like collar; not transverse; lateral margins slightly expanded and reflexed; dis- tinctly separated into two lobes by an obtuse constriction just before middle. Head not transverse, exserted, commonly con- tracted back of eyes; this post-ocular space subequal to space between base of antenna and eye. Basal segment of antenna stout and long, apex of tylus not reaching middle of this segment. Basal segment of rostrum reaching base of head. Clavus irregu- larly punctate; commissure nearly as long as scutellum. Ante- rior femora elongate, not strongly incrassate, armed beneath with three or four equidistant spines. Posterior tibia with short rigid bristles. Basal segment of posterior tarsus fully twice as long as second and third together.. Mostly macropterous. ...:...... Ozophora 2. Pronotum with disk of anterior lobe black; posterior lobe testa- ceous punctate with fuscous; lateral margins slightly carinate. Scutellum much longer than wide, a little longer than pronotum, posteriorly bivittate with pale. Dorsal parts dull, not pilose. First segment of antenna much shorter than second, and evidently shorter than basal segment of rostrum. Fore femora incrassate and armed with several strong and a few smaller teeth. Clavus with three rows of punctures, the middle series abbreviated. Macropterous forms only. - Size larger ..-. 7:2. 22. eee Peritrechus Pronotum with both lobes concolorous or nearly so, ferrugineous or castaneous. Scutellum equilateral, not bivittate with pale. Fore femora slightly incrassate, unarmed. First and second seg- ments of the antennae nearly equal, the former longer than the first segment of the rostrum. Body more or less pilose. Macropterous and brachypterous. Small species 2mm. long .... Antillocoris Ozophora Uhler. O. picturata Uhler. Proc: Bost...Soc, Nate Elist.2xav, s1O2a1o71. This is the lone representative of the genus in any of the eastern states. Head, anterior lobe of pronotum, five rather obscure longi- tudinal fasciae of posterior lobe, central disk of scutellum, mark- ings of the hemelytra and beneath, dark castaneous; sternum often darker. The following parts are pale stramineous—four obscure fasciae of posterior lobe of pronotum, submarginal calloused streak on either side of scutellum, much of the hemelytra, antennae except apex of the last three segments, legs with exception of a No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 173 subapical darker ring of the posterior femora. The pale ring on the base of the terminal segment of the antenna is striking. The hemelytra are punctate with castaneous-brown and provided with an interrupted transverse fascia behind the middle surrounding a conspicuous pale spot at inner apical angle of corium; posterior angle of the corium also castaneous. Membrane embrowned with the apex and often the veins pale. Length 6 mm. Frequently taken by sifting among dead leaves in the late fall or found sheltering under boards on the ground. New Haven, 11 March, 1ro11 (A. B. C.). Peritrechus Fieber. P. fraternus Uhler. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xiv, 103, 1871. This bears no resemblance to the preceding species. Head, anterior lobe of pronotum and most of the scutellum dull piceous black. Posterior lobe of pronotum, apical V-shaped fascia of scutellum and hemelytra grayish, rather closely punctate with fuscous. The antennae are dark brown and finely pilose. The legs are variable, frequently pale castaneous, more often with the femora except at base and extreme apex and the tibiae towards base dark brown or piceous. The enlarged fore femora armed with two or three small teeth in the middle region. Length 4-5 mm. Also most frequently taken under boards or by sifting dead leaves. Certain to occur in the State as it has been recorded from Massa- chusetts, New York and New Jersey. P, paludemaris Barber. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxili, 516, 1914. Closely resembling P. fraternus in appearance but separable by comparative differences. The whole insect is a little longer and a little more slender, with the usual paler colorations, especially of hemelytra and membrane, darker. A striking difference is found in the relative width of pronotum across the rounded anterior angles where it is much more contracted in paludemaris. The habitat is quite distinctive as it is an inhabitant of the salt marshes along the Atlantic Coast from Massachusetts to Maryland, so far as my records show. It has not yet been recorded from the State but certainly is to be found there. Antillocoris Kirkaldy. A. pallidus (Uhler). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 187, 1894. ; One of the smallest members of the Lygaeidae. Head, prono- tum and scutellum castaneous, the head somewhat shining. The hemelytra are a little paler. Membrane brownish, pale at base; 732 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. in brachypterous forms fairly well developed but not reaching apex of abdomen. Dorsal parts, viewed from side, sparsely pilose. A characteristic peculiarity is the relatively long basal segment of the antenna which is as long as or longer than second segment and longer than the first segment of the rostrum. The legs are pale stramineous-yellow with the scarcely swollen fore femora unarmed. Length 2 mm. This is a common species among dead leaves in damp situations. New Haven, 5 June, 1916 (M. P. Z.); 24 May, 1920 (B. H. W.). A. pilosulus (Stal). Enum. Hemip., iv, 158, 1874. Same size, color and general appearance of the preceding but very much more pilose, particularly when viewed from the side. In brachypterous forms the membrane is entirely absent. Occurs in similar situations as its close relative but has not yet been reported. from the State. lt is. certain to occur, there’ ast has been taken in Massachusetts, Orange Co., N. Y., and New Jersey. Tribe BEOSINI. Key to Genera. 1. Dorsal parts dull, not entirely black. Lateral expanded margins, posterior lobe of pronotum and the hemelytra pale, punctate with fuscous. Punctures of pronotal margins set with setae. Scutel- lum longer than wide, bivittate with pale. Antennae provided with numerous short, setose hairs. Basal segment of posterior tarsus a little longer than second and third together ............ Sphragisticus Dorsal parts entirely black, subshining; not pilose. Evenly and narrowly expanded lateral margins of pronotum impunctate. Antennae nearly nude. Basal segment of posterior tarsus much longer than: second and third together 222.4......222ee Aphanus Sphragisticus Stal. S. nebulosus (Fallen). Mon. Cicim. Suec., 65, 1807. Often confused with Peritrechus tr aternus but at once readily distinguished by the rather widely expanded, pale margins of the pronotum which are sparsely punctate and setose. The head, disk of anterior lobe of pronotum, scutellum for the most part, dull piceous-black. Posterior lobe of pronotum, two subapical spots on the scutellum and hemelytra for the most part, pale grayish. Second and third segments of antennae, apices of femora and tibia pale ferrugineous; basal and terminal segments of antennae, femora and some irregular spots posteriorly on the corium dark brown or piceous. Enlarged fore femora armed with a single prominent preapical spine between which and apex are two or three minute teeth. Tibia provided with short stiff bristles. Measures some 5 mm. long. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: LYGAEIDAE. 7213 Occurs oftenly in cultivated fields along with such species as Peritrechus fraternus, Emblethis vicarius and Nysius ericae, etc. Windsor, 18 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Orange, 21 May, 1911 (B. H. W.). Aphanus Laporte. A. umbrosus (Distant). Biol. Centr. Am., Heterop., 1, 409, 1803. A rather scarce but easily distinguished species by reason of its all black color and non-pilosity. 6-7 mm. long. Wallingford, 5 June, 1912 i: Al C.) ; Orange, 21 May, 1911 (B. H. W.); Windsor, 18 July, 1904 (B. H. W.). Tribe GONIANOTINI. Emblethis Fieber. E. vicarius Horvath. (PI. xvi, 31.) Ann. Mus. Natl. Hung., vi, 563, 1908. This is the only representative of the tribe in the United States. The widely laminate margins of the pronotum and hemelytra are concolorous with the general pale cinereous field and like it pro- fusely punctate with fuscous. The rounded anterior angles of the pronotum extend well beyond the line of the eyes. Clavus not punctate in regular series. Anterior femora almost throughout armed with short teeth. Length 6 mm. A common species in cultivated fields. Lyme, 1 May, 1910 (A. B. C.); Waterford, 18 July, 1914 (I. W. D.); North Windham, 14 July, 1894 (A. P. M.) (H. M. P.); South Meriden, Svarch tons CH. L. J.) CH. M. P:); Cornwall, 28 Nov., 1914 CK. F. C:): Tribe LETHAEINI. Key to Genera. 1. Anterior lobe of pronotum impunctate or obscurely punctate. Anterior tibia of males nearly straight and not abruptly expanded at apex. Antennae not decisely pilose, nearly nude ............. 2 Both lobes of the pronotum distinctly and closely punctate. Ante- rior tibia of males either strongly curved or abruptly bent and apically strongly expanded within. Antennae densely and finely PUNO SOMME ME Say ote fea cil epesayuista dete retsend ayo (eisiazalecerspalevate aise Drymus, p. 734 2. Dorsal parts not distinctly shining. Two lobes of pronotum demarked by a well pronounced groove. Anterior lobe of prono- tum, head and scutellum black. Anterior margin of pronotum depressed and commonly pale, limited behind by a row of punc- tures; lateral lamellar expansion noticeably wider between the two lobes and there most commonly pale; unprovided with a seta MEATMEACH ANLEHION IANGIEC, scale ale Ue aie encusiataicie ere ov elaeluanela nals 3 Dorsal parts distinctly shining. Pronotum not clearly separated into two lobes. Anterior disk of pronotum head and scutellum ferrugineous or castaneous. Anterior margin of pronotum not depressed; lateral edge of pronotum not widely expanded; pro- vided with a long seta near each anterior angle ts) anna 4 734 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY [ Bull. 3. Species larger, commonly 6-7 mm. long. First segment of antenna longer, apex of tylus not reaching middle of this segment. Head longer than width back of eyes. Lateral margins of pronotum more or less pilose. Hind tibia either with short fine bristles or — PILOSE: Ache eaice Susi ca be cern et eee Eremocoris, p. 735 Species smaller, commonly 3-4mm. long. First segment of antenna shorter, apex of tylus reaching at least to the middle of this seg- ment. Head shorter, length subequal to width back of eyes. Lateral margins of pronotum without long soft hairs. Hind tibia almost: nGde: tae 6 ii eye se eee Scolopostethus, p. 735 4. Pronotum with lateral margins acute, neither expanded nor pale, nearly straight; width across rounded anterior angles almost the diameter of head across eyes. Dorsal parts pilose. Fore femora provided with several minute, acute, preapical teeth. Membrane abbreviated. Only brachypterous forms known ..Xestocoris, p. 736 Pronotum with lateral margins narrowly expanded and commonly pale, the two sides subparallel to the rounded anterior angles; diameter across rounded anterior angles much wider than head ACT OSS CVES:.8 Mr de cis Se rea en ee ee Cryphula, p. 736 Drymus Fieber. D. crassus Van Duzee. Drans.. Am- Ent. S0c,. 5h sees eee eee 24 24. Antennae moderately robust, the second segment strongly narrowed itl DaSal, CHIC .2c 5 oe ees tag ati oe oe uae ee 21. lugubris Antennae slender, the second segment slightly and gradually enlarged from near base 46S. 24 isos tae.e ooo ue ee 5 25. Antennae with two white bands; pronotum widest well behind TGC Giess oe as oo has is SI a eer sin oo, sete 22. abbas Antennae with one white band; pronotum widest slightly behind WAG sass Shea hv eke sees esi tah ore ee eae oe eee 23. Uniannulatus 1. A. aequalis Say. Het. New Harm., 20, 1832. Brown, with yellowish markings; length 8.4-1Iomm. A rare species recorded from Maine and Vermont. 2. A. crenatus Say. Het. New Harm., 28, 1832. Brown, with darker markings, antennae and legs yellowish; pro- notum widely explanate before middle; abdomen strongly crenate laterally; length 8-11 mm. Not as yet reported from New Eng- iand although it occurs in Quebec, Ontario, and New York. 3. A. quadrilineatus Say. (PI. xvii, 40.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 326, 1825. Dark brown to black, apex of second antennal segment pale, legs annulate; length 7.5-9gmm. A common species readily recognized by antennal characters. Lyme, 29 May, 1910, 30 Apr., 1911 (A. B. C.); Saybrook, 25 Apr., 1913 (D. J. C.); Hartford, 11 May, 1914 (W. M.); South Meriden, 10 May, TOE s( Ele lesa: Je . 4. A. ornatus Say. Het. New Harm., 29, 1832. A rare and very beautiful species recorded from Pennsylvania, Maryland, etc., but not found as yet within our limits. Dark brown, hemielytra and abdomen pale; length 5.4-6.3 mm. 5. A. robustus Uhler. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xiv, 104, 1871. Nearly uniform dark brown; length 5.5-7mm. A common species with very thick antennae and broad pronotum. The variety insignis Parshley has the corium, apex of scutellum, and postero-lateral margins of pronotum yellowish. ——" n C.); 21 May, 1911 (W. E. B.); Stonington, May, 1914 (I. W. D.) (aX 1B (M. P. Z.); Rainbow, 7 May, 1914 (M. P. Z.); Milford, 25 May, 1920 (P. G.); Hamden, 20 May, 1920 (M. P. Z.); Orange, 12 May, 1920 (NigeyZ,):) Bast Elaven, 10 May, tozt (B. H. W.): 6. A. duzeei Bergroth. Proc nt, Soc: Wash., 11, 333, 335, 1802. Dark brown, brightly variegated with yellow; length 6-6.7 mm. Recorded from Massachusetts, New York, etc., but not yet taken in Connecticut. 7. A.implanus Parshley. siranseeAmen. Ent..ooc., xlvii, 45, 1921. This species, which has often been confused with duzeei, is to be distinguished by its thicker antennae, higher scutellar margins, etc. Brown, with yellow markings, length 5.8-6.3 mm. Not yet found in New England, though it occurs in eastern Canada, Pennsylvania, CLE; 8. A. proboscideus Walker. Cat. Hem.-Het. Brit. Mus., vii, 35, 1873. Light, or rarely dark, brown, with very variable paler markings ; length 6-9.7mm. This is one of the most variable species of the genus, but specimens can usually be determined without doubt by the characters given in the key. A. hubbardi Heidemann is a ~ synonym. It is recorded from several of the New England states, but seems to be confined to boreal conditions. g. A. basalis Parshley. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xlvii, 54, 1921. Brown, with paler markings; length 7-8.3 mm. Closely related to the preceding. Known from Maine, New Hampshire, and New York. 10. A. consors Parshley. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xlvii, 56, 1921. Grayish brown, with obscure darker and lighter markings; length 7.6mm. Known from one specimen only, taken many years ago in Massachusetts. 11, A. similis Say. Het. New Harm., 28, 1832. Pale to dark brown, third antennal segment pale; length 5-8.5 mm. A very common and variable species, especially dis- tinguished by its short second antennal segment. The variety centriguttatus Bergroth has the third antennal segment con- colorous. Meriden, 8 May, 1911 (A. B. C.); Stonington, May, 1914 (I. W. D.). 12. A. shermani Heidemann. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., viii, 68, 1907. 744 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Black; length 6.8-8.8 mm. Reported from Maine, Quebec, etc., and probably occurs in Connecticut, since the range extends south to Georgia. 13. A. acutus Say. Het. New Harm., 28, 1832. Dark brown, with dull yellowish markings and pale granules arranged in a distinct pattern; length 7-9.6mm. A locally com- mon species of wide distribution, occurring in Maine and New Hampshire but not as yet found in Connecticut. 14. A. inornatus Uhler. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., i, 323, 1876. Almost uniform light to dark brown; length 8.5-lomm. A rare species widely distributed in the east, but not yet found in Connecticut. 15. A. approximatus Parshley. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xlvii, 72, 1921. Light grayish brown, with a vague pattern af pale granules ; length 8-II mm. Reported from Maine, New York; ctes readily recognized by the abruptly clavate second antennal segment. 16. A. borealis Heidemann. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., xi, 190, 1900, fig. 4 Blackish brown, with reddish yellow markings; length 6.6-8 mm. Occurs in Maine, New Hampshire, and across Canada. 17. A. insignitus Parshley. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xlvii, 75, 1021. Black, the third antennal segment orange-yellow; length 5 mm. Known from a single specimen taken in Massachusetts. 18. A. uniformis Heidemann. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vi, 231, 1904. Black, ee ne segment and spots on connexivum yellow- ish; length 5.5 mm. “Occurs in Massachusetts, New York, and ae ee 19. A. tuberculifer Kirby. In Richardson, Fauna Bor.-Amer., iv, 278, 1837, pl. 6, fig. 5. Black, with pale markings on corium and connexivum; length 0.5 = 7.3mm. A rare species reported from Maine, Long Island, rN. etc., easily recognized by the form of the second antennal segment which is clavate in apical half, etc. 20. A. funestus Bergroth. Can. Entom., xlv, 4, 1913. Black, slightly marked with obscure yellow; length 5.7-8 mm. A northern and western species, which may yet be found in New England. i No. Ban TIEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: ARADIDAE. 745 21. A. lugubris Fallén. ' Mon. Cim. Suec., 34, 1907. Black, one or two rings on antennae and connexival spots dull white; length 4.5-6.4mm. This is a common species of enormous range over the entire continent as well as the Palaearctic Region, but no specimens happen to have been taken as yet in Connecticut. The variety nigricornis Reuter lacks the white rings on the antennae. 22. A. abbas Bergroth. Bull. Soc. Ent. Belg., p. clxxx, 1880. Black, antennae biannulate with white, connexivum with yellow- ish white spots, exocorium with a small translucent spot at base; length 4.6-5.9mm. A striking and widely distributed species. New Haven, 31 July, 1911 (A. B. C.); 24 May, 1914 (W.'E. B.):: 24 Apr., 1915 (QO! S. L.); 18 June, 1919 (M. P. Z:); Wallingford, 18 July; HOLTON CVV .); June, 1912 (D. J.-C.). 23. A. uniannulatus Parshley. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xlvii, 90, 1921. Black, apex of third antennal segment and connexival spots pale yellowish; length 4.2-5mm. This species is known from Long Island, N. Y., District of Columbia, etc., and probably occurs in New England. 24. A. falleni Stal. Rio Jan. Hem., i, 68, 1860. Black, antennae usually pale brown, cells of corium whitish hya- line, connexivum spotted with yellowish white; length 3.75-5 mm. This species is very widely distributed, occurring over most of North and South America. It may be recognized by the short, clavate second antennal segment and the peculiar fenestrate male genital segment. New Haven, 18 June, 1919 (M. P. Z.). 25. A. cinnamomeus Panzer. Fauna. Ins. Germ., Heft 100, 20, 1794. Yellowish or reddish brown; length 3.1-5mm. This species is polymorphic, having a narrow-winged (stenopterocus) male, short-winged (brachypterous) female, and fully winged (macrop- terous) female. It is widely distributed and a specimen has recently been found in Massachusetts, but none as yet in Connecticut. | 26. A. niger Stal. Enum. Hem., 3, 137, 1873. Black, the connexivum vaguely spotted; length 5-6.5 mm. Commonly found under dead pine bark. Long- and short-winged forms occur. It is reported from several New England states, New York, etc., but not as yet from Connecticut. 746 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. Family COREIDAE. By Howarp Maptson ParsHLey, Sc.D. This very extensive family is represented in our northern region by but few species, which are mostly of large size and dull colora- tion. They feed largely on vegetation and in some cases, such as the three squash bugs, are important agricultural pests. As restricted here, the family has the following characters: head very small; bucculae extending behind insertion of antennae; ocelli present; antennae with four true segments; membrane with numerous veins; fourth and fifth dorsal abdominal segments con- cavely sinuate at base; -metasternal orifices distinct; posterior coxal cavities very deeply excised from the metasternum, their outer margins almost or quite parallel with longitudinal axis. The male has a single convex genital plate; the female several smaller plates separated by distinct sutures. Key to Subfamilies. Hind tibiae armed below at apex with a spine or tooth ... MEROCORINAE Hind tibiae unarmed at apex 2...cnce.e. oes facies eee CoREINAE Subfamily MERocORINAE. This subfamily is represented in North America by one genus, containing two species of which one is confined to the extreme south. Merocoris Perty. Corynocoris Mayr. M. distinctus (Dallas). (Pl. xviii, 36.) List of Hemip., ii, 419, 1852. Finely and thickly pubescent; hind tibia clavate, long and curved, armed with a few strong spine-like teeth; color grayish brown, membrane and corial spots darker, length 8-9 mm.; found by sweeping weeds, or sometimes about carrion. Litchfield, 21 Sept, 1901 (L. B. W); New Haven, 26 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 19 and 20 July, 1905 (B. H. W.); Scotland, 27 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Meriden, 6 July, 1915 (H. L. J.); New Canaan, 17 e5epis 1018:/CB; da. We). Subfamily COREINAE. This subfamily includes a majority of the Coreids; the hind tibiae are without apical tooth; the antennae generally slender, often with modified segments; and the body is seldom strongly pubescent. Key to Tribes. 1. Hind femora spinous or tuberculate, generally much enlarged, especially in the males; antennal tubercles large, separated by a space generally less than their own width ........-..--es+eeeee 2 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COREIDAE. 747 Hind femora not greatly enlarged, rarely spinous, in which case antennal tubercles are moderate in size and separated by a space Srearcimtnany teil OWT WACtH® 1a) 5 cys whos ee Me eel oy ake a alana 2. Tylus deflexed, not projecting much if any before antennal tuber- GIES ‘ois dics SS A ae ae ee en RO RESEND RMD deeetiemtEs Tn Ey MIcTINI Tylus not defiexed, extending much before antennal tubercles .... ACANTHOCEPHALINI BeZOsccmionntuoiaey NOt dilated’ seas. ceeh scuisler ones Male d aes plate Oe ostemlOtetibiae dilated: vo. Sole cece cea Sio bere kao ike braless ANISOSCELINI 4. Antennal tubercles large and prominent, close together, extending much beyond apex of tylus; lateral angles of thorax produced in an acute spine; third antennal segment expanded and flattened .. CHARIESTERINI Antennal tubercles moderate in size, distant, not extending beyond apex of tylus; lateral angles of thorax not spined; third antennal segment cylindrical in adults ......... Licata dees ane CorEINI Tribe ACANTHOCEPHALINI. Acanthocephala Laporte. A. terminalis (Dallas). (Pl. xvili, 33.) List of Hemip., ii, 431, 1852. Color brown, terminal segment of antennae paler; length 18- 23 mm. Stamford, 13 Aug., 1891 (A. P. M.); New Haven, 22 July, 1909 QB Ewe) 4 June; 1911 (W. E. B.), 3 Aug., 1909 (B. H. WY New Canaan, 5 Sept., 1914 (M. P. Z.), 21 Sept., 1909 (B. H. W.); Greenwich, 5 Oct., 1909 (A. I. Bourne) ; Manchester, 30 Aug., 1912 (D. J. C.) ; North Branford, 8 June, 1912 (B. H. W.); Portland, 14 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Meriden, 6 June, 1914 (H. L. J.); Brookfield, 30 Aug., 1914 (W. M.); South Meriden, 6 June, 1914 (H. L. J.). Tribe ANISOSCELINI. This tribe is typically southern, but three species of one genus may possibly be found in Connecticut. Leptoglossus Guerin. Key to Species. t. Pronotum rugose, irregularly punctate; hemielytra without white band; color brown, antennae and anterior legs pale; length 18-21 fulvicornis Pronotum smooth, regularly punctate; hemielytra with band ..... 2 2. White band of hemielytra zigzag; outer foliation of hind tibiae evenly rounded, but little wider than inner; color brown; length APOWE TOMM, 0.22 eee cite see ee ee eet ean Bar ee Na ome corculus White band straight; outer foliation scalloped, wide; color brown; length about I8 mM. ........ cece eee eee eee eee teen cease phyllopus L. fulvicornis (Westwood), magnoliae Heidemann. Hope Cat., ii, 17, 1842. This species has been taken in Massachusetts. L. phyllopus (Linnaeus). Syst Nate Hidm12, 1,731, 1707: 748 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. L. corculus (Say). Het. New Harm., 12, 1832. New Haven, 17 June, 1922 (W. E. B.); New Canaan, 5 Sept., 1922 CME Ea Zaye Tribe MICTINI. Key to Genera. Antennal tubercles produced at the anterior lateral angle in an exterior spine or tooth; head.with a distinct rounded protuberance or callus behind the eyes: antennae slabrOus <<. jc Euthochtha Antennal tubercles without an exterior projection; head without a callus: “antennae ‘prose a. i.% ssc. s chicas oe ee ee Archimerus Archimerus Burmeister. A. alternatus (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 317, 1825. Color brown; connexivum spotted; length about 20 mm. May yet be found in Connecticut. Euthochtha Mayr. E. galeator (Fabricius). (PI. xviii, 31.) Syst. Rhyng, 191, 1803. Color brown, connexivum spotted; length 13-17mm.; nymph spinous, with third antennal segment enlarged and flattened. Stamford, 22 Aug., fae (A. P. M.), 4:June, to1r2 (H. B. Ko) New Haven, 3 July, TOOZ VC Wea -Ba2.5 June, i910 (A. B..C.), 8 Sept 19x CW. E, B.); Mount Carmel, 13 June, 1909 (W. E. B.); Southington, 12 July, 1910 CW. Ee B.):: Manchester, 12 Sept., roro CW. E.B)o 13 3Sepie 1910 (D. J. C.);. Lyme, 4 July, 1911 (H. B. K.) (A. B’ C.)5 Hamdente June, 1911 (W. E. B.); Portland, 14 Aug., 1913 (B. H. Was Yalesville, 23 June, 1913; Brookfield, 30 Aug., 1914 (W. M.); Farmington, 6 Sept., 1914 (W. M.); Meriden, 27 Apr., 1915 (H. L. J.); Cornwall, 28 July, 1918 (KIS, Cai Tribe CHARIESTERINI. Chariesterus Laporte. C. antennator (Fabricius). Syst. Rhyng., 198, 1803. Color light grayish brown, membrane and expanded third antennal segment darker; length about 12 mm. Not found as yet in New England. Tribe COREINI. Anasa Amyot and Serville. 1. Head without prominent spines .........-.+ sere e eee e eee eee ee 2, Head armed behind the insertion of the antennae with two promi- nent spines projecting anteriorly beyond the apex of the antennal tubercles; color dark brown with indefinite paler markings; mem- branal suture generally marked with a pale line, connexivum spotted: length I-14 mim: . sine os ate yates a rietetsl hepetoys neler armigera No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COREIDAE. 749 2. Head with a tubercle behind the base of each antenna; color dark brown, lateral margins and median line of head and thorax paler, antennae concolorous, connexivum spotted; length 14-17 mm. . .tristis Head without tubercles; color light brown, with black markings, apical antennal segment paler, connexivum spotted; length about EAREIOUI Umer revere sis fo, 5 cvelay chars n wisi ay cdt Maly (alee ee mere ete NG. hala SMRNMnEY repetita A. armigera (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 319, 1825. Occurs in Massachusetts and to the south and west. New Haven, 26 June, 1919 (K. F. C.). A. tristis (DeGeer). (PI. xviii, 35; eggs, Pl. xix, 3.) Squash bug. Memoires, iii, 340, 1773. The common and destructive species. New Haven, 13 July, 1900, 26 March, 16 Oct., 1915, North Haven, 11 Sepe won (W.. HE. B.), 17, 20, 21, 22. July, 1903, 20-Septs, 1902, 31 July. 1908, 16 Oct., 1908 (B. H. W.), 7 May, 1913, 25 July, 1914 (M. P. Z.); 14 Apr., 1919 (W. E. B.); Westville, 29 May, 1902, 19 Sept., 1904, 26 March, 1905 (W. E. B.); Manchester, 12 Sept. 1910, Berlin, 16 Sept. 1915 (W. E. B.); Wallingford, 16 June, 1911 (J. K. L.); Hamden, 24 June, 1913 (E. M. Stoddard). A. repetita Heidemann. (PI. xviii, 34.) Procs Pnt.5o0c. Wash., vii, 11, 19005. Wallingford, 1911 (D. J. C.); New Haven, 12 June, 1915 (W. E. B.). Family ALYDIDAE. By Howarp Maprison ParsHLey, Sc.D. This and the following family are groups of moderate extent, which have often been treated as subfamilies of the Coreidae. I believe that Reuter was correct in giving them independent rank, which is based on distinctness in habitus as well as in detailed characters. Aside from the characters mentioned in the key, the Alydidae have the posterior coxal cavities not very deeply excised from the metasternum; fourth and fifth dorsal abdominal seg- ments concavely arcuate at base; and the copulatory apparatus of the male exposed. Key to Tribes. Head not constricted behind eyes, as wide as apex of prothorax ; Ailtereaml Ge EAI RUS, cic evousta a afeyortlin scmuerehs bie bye ae seiclqeceae: Micrelytrini Head distinctly constricted behind eyes; juga entire at apex ..Alydini Tribe MICRELYTRINI. Protenor Haglund. P. belfragei Haglund. (PI. xviii, 37.) Stett. Ent. Zeit., xxix, 162, 1868. Color light brown; length about 15 mm. 750 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. Scotland, 10 Aug. 1905 (B. H. W.); Westville, 9 Aug., 10906 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 14, 20 July, 1908, IE Aue, 1908 (3B. Ewe) 30 July, 1911 (A. B. C.). Tribe ALYDINI. Key to Genera. 1. EHimd tibiae without spines ..2.. 02.5... .2c.e2).den eee 2 Hind tibiae armed with numerous spines ............ Stachyocnemus 2. First antennal segment about equal to or shorter than the second . First antennal segment longer than the second ......... Megalotomus 3. Orifices obsolete; posterior femora extending beyond apex of abdo- TIVOLI 152 Sst eg gfegarsnereatewe seice esc est lee, onc en ae Tollius Orifices distinct, produced laterally; posterior femora scarcely extending beyond apex of abdomen ..............c.ceceeces Alydus Megalotomus Fieber. M. quinquespinosus (Say). (PI. xviii, 32.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 323, 1824. Color clear brown; fourth antennal segment black apically; length about 15 mm. New Haven, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.), ae July, 1914, 6 July, 1915 M: P. Z.); Branford, 28 July, 1005 (H. L. V.); Granby, 3 Oct. 1005 H. W.); Darien, 4 Aug., 1908 (C. W. Pe ye Woodbury, 19 July, 1913 ee Portland, 15 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Meriden, 16 Aug., 1913 ds Greenwich, 9 Oct., 1918 (M. P. Zs Nee Canaan, 18 Aug., 18904 Alydus Fabricius. Key to Species. Lateral margins of pronotum concolorous; lateral angles blunt .. 2 Lateral margins with a pale raised line; lateral angles acute; color light brow; Jlensth T0-12:5 mitin <<. 2+. seu ws eutins oo eee pilosulus 2. Membrane usually finely spotted; pronotum usuaily brown poste- riorly; claspers of male arcuate; lateral genital plates of female rounded at apex: lenothy 10-11.5 min... es os ee conspersus Membrane unspotted; pronotum usually black; claspers of male not arcuate, twisted; lateral plates acute; length 10.5-12 ....eurinus e A. conspersus Montandon. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvi, 49, 1893. Not as yet recorded from Connecticut. A. eurinus (Say). (PI. xviti, 39.) Jour: cAcad. Nat: Sci. Phila. 1v.. 324) 2024. New Haven, 17, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 5 June, 1910 (A. B. €.); Yalesville, 19 Oct., 1903 (H. L. V.); Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (Hl LoVe Westville, 15 July, 1905 (W. E. .B.); North Haven, 3 Aug., 1905 (B. H. W.); Farmington, 6 Sept., 1914 (W. M.); Meriden, 4 July, 1915 (H. L. J.); Kent, 10 Aug., 1918 (M. P. Z.) ; Cornwall, 11 July, zgesepe 1920 (K. F. C.); Westport, 24 June, 1921 (W. E. B.). A. pilosulus Herrich-Schaeffer. (PI. xviii, 38.) Wanz. Ins., viii, 101, 1848. New Haven, 24, 27, 28 June, 19002 (E. J. Ss M.),), 12: Julyereas No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CORIZIDAE. 751 B: H. W.), 7 Aug., 1905, 23 Aug. 1906 (W. E. B.), 8 June; rorr earise C).. Sept., 2915) (MP. 2), Mount Carmel "4 Nov., ae E, J. S. M.) ; Westville, 2 July, 1904 (W. E. B.); Scotland, 25 July, 1904 B. H. W.); Branford, 19 Sept, 19004 (H. W. W.), 28 July, 1905 GEE IV.) Poquonock, 27 June, 19005 (H. L. V.); Rockville, 23 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.); Farmington, 6 Sept. 1914 (W. M.); Clintonville, 27 Sept. 1915 (W. E. B.); Stamford, 13 Aug., 1891 (A. P. M.). Tollius Stal. T. curtulus (Stal). Freg. Eug. Resa. Ins., 234, 1850. Not found in New England as yet. Stachyocnemus Stal. S. apicalis (Dallas). List of Hemip., 11, 470, 1852. Dark brown; length about 9 mm. Not found in New England as yet. Family CORIZIDAE. By Howarp Mapison ParsHLey, Sc.D. This family includes small species of distinct facies, having only the fourth abdominal segment concavely sinuate at base; the external genitalia are usually concealed by laminate extensions of the sixth segment, called the dorsal and ventral genital plates, and the sixth ventral segment in the female is not divided longi- tudinally. Key to Tribes. Anterior angles of prothorax projecting forward in an acute spine; hind femora thickened and spinous ..................: Harmostini Anterior angles of prothorax obtuse or rounded; hind femora not — _ Mt Ghimthiciened, WithOUt SPINES... 5.0% v0.0 se vee c eels cet sels Corizini Tribe HARMOSTINI. Harmostes Burmeister. H. reflexulus (Say). (PI. xviii, 30.) Het. New Harm., 10, 1832. Lateral margins of thorax entire; first antennal segment pro- jecting distinctly beyond apex of head; color variable from pale yellow or greenish to dark brown; length 7.5-8.5 mm. New Haven, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 20 July, 1908 (B. H. W.), 23 July, 1910, 30 May, 18 June, 1911 (B. H. W.), 30 March, 1912 (W. E. B.) ; North Haven, 3 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Brookfield, 27 July, ro10 (E. L. D); Wallingford, 8 June, ro1r (B. H. W.); Middlebury, 16 June, 1911 (B. H. W.); North Branford, 8 June, 1912 (B. H. W.); Portland, 9, 12, TS Aus. 1013) (8B) He W..). 752 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. { Bull. Tribe CORIZINI. Corizus Fallén. Key to Species. Transverse suture not looped; posterior lateral angles of meta- po produced into an acute rounded angle; generally under TIDY coee5 35s aifar a0: 0S: ate, Siw aveldl ei 4 once, ol olda) aha Rae en 2 are nearly straight, without constriction at middle; pubescence less prominent; colors generally light; length 5mm. or more... 3 Scutellum broad and rounded apically, distinctly constricted at middle; body thickly pubescent; color dark brown, hemielytra milky white, veins of the corial region darker; size small, length Aaa. GATT, Fio(se 5,3 Gi sips ase: aha abo -eite Laver seed @) Sista ans eb ate © ade ee hirtus Scutellum constricted at middle, sides concave; transverse suture less prominent; lateral margins of pronotum not pale, or nar- TOWLYSO! oo tla weck Bidgeu cou CLAUS ea eas 4 Scutellum not constricted at middle, sides nearly straight; trans- verse suture of pronotum prominent and black; pronotum dis- tinctly pale laterally; wings extending much beyond apex of abdomen; color above yellow, red, or sometimes very dark, ornamented with darker markings; sternum black; connexivum not distinctly spotted; length 5.5-6.4mm. ................. hyalinus Sides of head angulate at anterior inner corner of eyes; tylus more expanded apically; ventral plate of genitalia, viewed laterally, with distinct posterior angles, posterior margin concave in the male; dorsal plate expanded apically in male; rounded in female; connexivum generally wunspotted; disk of abdomen usually ornamented with three small central dark spots; general color usually pale yellow or red with darker markings; length B= fUIT 7 sigisolecoelstols 6 ore steers cit in olde ss) slaeusce Sere ee ee lateralis Sides of head nearly straight; tylus less expanded; ventral plate of genitalia almost without posterior angles; not distinctly con- cave in male; dorsal plate rounded in male; pointed in female; connexivum generally spotted; disk of abdomen generally orna- mented with a pale x-shaped mark; general color dark red or brown with darker markings; length 5-6mm. ............ bohemani C. bohemani Signoret. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., Ser. 3, vii, 86, 1850. Scotland, 30 July, 1904, 8 Aug., 1905 (B. H. W.); New Haven, 9 June, 1905, I June, 1911 (B. H. W.); Meriden, 28 July, 1909 (A. I. B.); North Brantord, 2 June). 1921 ICM. P2Z.). C. crassicornis (Linnaeus). Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, i, 448, 1758. This species has been recorded from Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont and Massachusetts, but has not yet been taken in Connecticut. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 753 C. hirtus Bueno. Ent. News, xxiii, 217, 1912. This species occurs in Massachusetts, but has not yet been recorded from Connecticut. C. hyalinus (Fabricius). Ent. Syst., iv, 168, 1704. Occurs in Massachusetts but not yet recorded from Connecticut. CYlateralis (Say). (Pl. xviii; 20.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 320, 1825. Scotland, 25 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Branford, 28 July, 1005 (H. W. W.); Yalesville, 16 Oct., 1906 (W. E. B.); New Haven, 5 Nov., rero CDC.) 5. 26 June, 1910 (B.°H. W:);, Orange, 21 May, 1011 ie B aoe Meriden, 24 May, 1914 (H. L. J.); Cornwall, 17 July, ro21 Family PENTATOMIDAE. By Howarp Mapison Parsutey, Sc.D. This is one of the largest families of the Hemiptera and the species are usually recognizable at once by their peculiar and characteristic habitus, although very diversified in size, coloration, and habits. The scutellum is large, always extending at least to the base of the membrane and in a few cases almost entirely cover- ing the abdomen as in the Scutelleridae, and is provided with lateral grooves or frena which are sometimes very short. The sexes are easily distinguished by an examination of the external genitalia, which in the male consist of an array of curiously formed hooks, etc., covered wholly or partially, when at rest, by a single or rarely double convex genital plate; in the female there are several smaller plates accurately fitted together. The terminology used is illus- trated in figs. 168 and 169. Key to Subfamilies. 1. First segment of the rostrum largely free, relatively short and thick; bucculae small, more or less distinctly united under the rostrum posteriorly, hence converging; insertion of rostrum CLOSCHEONEN VOT U EVILS! yo Weciete YG Velane tele aid Leb eidiaele erarotenl ASOPINAE, p. 770 First segment of rostrum largely embedded between the bucculae, relatively slender; bucculae large, not united posteriorly, hence more or less parallel; insertion of rostrum separated from tylus by a space about equal to width of basal segment (Penta- HOTDGREDIEYS)) NG gd Fg0) VRS AD REAL ge Pan Oa RAI UN LITA) 2 2. Tarsi two-segmented; sternum with a distinct longitudinal keel; ienavextenaine almost to; end of scutellumy)..) 22 ae ACANTHOSOMATINAE, p. 769 Tarsi three-segmented; sternum without keel; frena shorter ..... 2 3. Scutellum large, broad at apex, extending farther posteriorly than the) corium): | frena very. Short ..0.0).'. 00... GRAPHOSOMATINAE, Pp. 754 Scutellum smaller, more or less narrowed apically, generally shorter: than the corium; frena longer ...... PENTATOMINAE, Pp. 755 754 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 4-- —_ WS a 8 1 te Tarsus - -- Tylus Tibia -- i a Ocellus_ a Ma. ~f EX Anterior angle Femur-—= = —- Callus ---Lateral margin _- Lateral angle Postero-lateral margin ‘e -Postero-lateral angle -Clavus Claval suture = ¢, Point where frenum ends” / / = — Membranai Z suture 1 \ b Connexivum _— Mermmbrane wr » = 1) segment Fic. 168. Apateticus cynicus Say,—dorsal view showing Pentatomid structures. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dorothy J. Hickman. Subfamily GRAPHOSOMATINAE. A group of moderate extent, represented in our fauna by a single tribe and genus. The scutellum is greatly developed, being as large as in the Scutelleridae, but here it is not much wider at base than the distance between the posterior angles of the pronotum, and is usually provided with short frena. ~ a tn ES = No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 755 Tribe PODOPINI. Rather small insects having a tooth just in front of the lateral pronotal angles which thus appear emarginate. Podops Laporte. A small genus of inconspicuous species, having the anterior pro- notal angles produced in an acute tooth near the eyes. Key to Species. Size larger, length about 6.5mm.; second, third, and fourth seg- ments of antennae darker, lateral tooth of pronotum obtuse; color CIO MDLOWIG fe. cels 5 crivia fos sbi tie dle idee aetett vlauwis ee alee cinctipes Size smaller, length 5mm.; second, third, and fourth segments of antennae paler; lateral tooth of pronotum acute; color as in the (DPSOSCUOS 5 wid Bo ca Aen ers ae a a ar ee parvula P. cinctipes (Say). Am. Ent., iii, pl. 43, 1828. A dark brown, densely punctate species occasionally taken under stones, and in beach drift. New Haven, 20 Aug., 1909 (B. H. W.), 19 Aug. 1911 (A. B. C.); Mierdens 7 June, 1914 (H..L. J.); North Branford, 15 June\_1919 CMe PZ). P. parvula Van Duzee. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxx, 22, 1904. Very similar to the preceding, and known only from Massa- chusetts through Van Duzee’s original record. Subfamily PENTATOMINAE. This large group comprises a great majority of the plant-feeding Pentatomidae, including most of the injurious species. Key to Tribes. 1. Body very flat, margins explanate; head with thin dilated margin, about as wide as base of scutellum, flat above; scutellum broad, SCALCE Vg IAarhOwW Ee apiGalives cetneis Ms sie ss ca)2cc Sis sod 0,0 ciseve oss Sciocorini Body not extremely flat and explanate; head not very widely dilated, convex above when as wide as scutellum, usually narrower 2 2. Juga in Nearctic species with a prominent lateral tooth near apex; abdomen shallowly sulcate beneath, rostrum extending behind DOSE Isl OMI CORAC Tyee ac Sl Gree ren U AG a'r as gli gi'ay's 99 6 larte o)ss\'g sa ago Halyini Juga without lateral tooth; abdomen not sulcate, rostrum shorter — | Pentatomini Tribe SCIOCORINI. The species of this group have a peculiar and easily recognizable facies. A single Palaearctic species is rarely found in the eastern states. 756 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. / Buccula }_ Ist Antennal segment _- Antenniferous tubercle Rostrum < — Femur _ Trochanter AS — — -Prosternum y — --Propieuron Coxa --— Meso sternum - 2_. Mesopleuron _ Scent gland orifice Metasternum - & canal Basal spine -— Trichobothria - sensory setae External _\ genitalia Fic. 169. Apateticus cynicus Say,—ventral view showing Pentatomid structures. Greatly enlarged. Drawing by Dorothy J. Hickman. Sciocoris Fallén. S. microphthalmus Flor. Rhyng. Livl., i, 114, 1860. Yellowish brown, the connexivum spotted. Form broadly oval, narrowed anteriorly. Length 5-7mm. Occurs in Maine and New Hampshire. Tribe HALYINI. The species of this tribe have the head elongate; rostrum extending beyond hind coxae; the third segment much longer than the fourth, the second vertically compressed; antennae inserted at a considerable distance in front of the eyes; abdomen ventrally sulcate. A single genus, differing from all other Pentatomids in having a jugal tooth, occurs within our limits. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 757 Brochymena Amyot aid Serville. Rather large coarsely punctate insects generally found on trees, of a distinctive type of coloration which harmonizes perfectly with the bark on which they rest. Juga with a large lateral tooth near apex; lateral pronotal margins generally spinose or dentate; membrane with branching veins. Key to Species. ; ; quadripustulata Juga extending but little beyond apex of tylus, more or less con- vergent above, forming a short sometimes transverse sinus .... ee carolinensis Bo arborea (Say). (Pl. xviii, 7.) JourAcad Nat. Sci, Phila., iv, 311, 1825. Antennae and legs distinctly banded; mesosternum with a black spot. Lateral teeth of pronotum few and large; anterior tibiae not dilated. Length 14-16 mm. New Canaan, 21 Sept., 1909 (B. H. W.), 22 Sept., 1910 (W. E. B.), 14 Sept., 1911 (B. H. W.); Wallingford, 1 June, 1910, 13 July, ro10, 6 July, toiz«(D: J: C.); ‘Lyme, 14 May, torr (A. B. C.); New Haven, 5 Sept, ron! jC.) North Brantford 8 June,.19or2 (B. H. W.): Stonington, v4) May, 1o14 (I. W. D.). B. quadripustulata (Fabricius). (PI. xviii, 6.) Systente 704.0775. Antennae concolorous; legs rather indistinctly banded; meso- sternum with a black spot. Head elongate, the juga extending much beyond apex of tylus and often contiguous before it. Lateral teeth of pronotum very variable, but finer than in the preceding. Length 15-17 mm. Found on or under bark of trees, sometimes in large numbers. Westville, 16 June, 1898, 7 Sept., 1905 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 6 Sept., GrOct. 1062) (5B. H.W); New ‘Canaan, 9 Oct., 19002 (B. H. W.),, 190 Sept, MOTOUGVV ek) Be). 17, Sept, Tor “CH. B. K.); ‘South Glastonbury, 18 Oct., MOOAV KV ,B:) 5 Norwalk; 13) Oct. 1904. (W. E. B.) ;* Manchester, 13 Sept) toro (DD! J. C.); Hamden,-9 June, 1911 CW. E..B.);- Middlebury, ZouMiay, monn CW. &. B:); Wallingford, 15 July, 1912 (D: J. C.); West- Posie Ocwi1o12) (B. EH. W.)> Bloomfield, 2 June, 1914 (W. E. B.);. Port- landwinse May, 1914 (B. EH. W.),'5 June, 1014 (M: P. Z.);. Farmington, 11 une wrens) CW). M.));, Scotland) 13° May, 1916) (MM. P; Z.). B. carolinensis (Westwood). (annulata Fabricius.) lope Gath. 1, 22,1837, Base of second antennal segment narrowly pale; legs distinctly banded; mesosternum without black spot. Head rather short, truncate anteriorly, the juga extending very little beyond apex of tylus. Lateral teeth of pronotum small and 758 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. regular; lateral angles oblique anteriorly. Length 13-17mm. Rare. Rainbos. 7 May, ora (CMe Pe): Tribe PENTATOMINI. This extensive tribe includes a large majority of our Pentatomid species. In this group the scutellum is moderate in size, head not widely explanate, juga without lateral tooth, abdomen not sulcate at base, and the rostrum does not extend beyond the hind coxae; otherwise the species present a wide diversity in structure and facies. The members of this tribe are vegetable feeders, occa- sionally becoming injurious to cultivated plants, but their tastes are varied and few if any confine themselves to a single food-plant. IO. iB Ite Key to Genera. Head very convex above, triangular, almost as broad as scutellum; juga distinctly longer than tylus; apex of corium broadly rounded Neottiglossa, p. 765 Head more nearly flat above, narrower; juga often not longer than tylus; apex of corium with a distinct, but sometimes rounded, angle; if juga are longer than tylus, or apex of corium is broadly rounded, head is not more than two-thirds width of scutellum .... 2 Base of abdomen unarmed 2... .6. 224-352 out. woe el eee 3 Base of abdomen armed below with a median spine or tubercle, directed anteriorly «66.0.5 0% 6 awe osteo be cies otis eee eee 15 Lateral margins of juga not or narrowly reflexed, not greatly thickened! 4 és s:eeic cs o% «tiene eee 6 506 se al © ne 6c, etelepenete re een 4 Lateral margins of juga widely reflexed and greatly thickened ... Murgantia, p. 766 Scutellum generally narrowed at apex, lateral margins concave; head not or slightly bent downwards .....,<..%.0 0 o.oo 5 Scutellum broad and rounded at apex, lateral margins almost straight; head strongly bent downwards ....... Cosmopepla, p. 765 Metasternal orifices without sulcus or with sulcus which ends abruptly 05.2 cncisis Voc cies les ie oe est a etnte a elele tt ee 6 Orifices with a gradually tapering prolongation ............--++-- 14 Veins of membrane irregularly anastomosing or with numerous branches more or less distinct ..%. 2.1.2.2 s + oo os slenetteleide een 7 Veins simple or slightly branched .........-eeeeeeee eee ee eee eeses 9 Scutellum narrowed at apex, shorter than the corium; apical margin straight, apical lateral angle acute ..........---++++-ee: 8 Scutellum broadly rounded at apex, as long as corium; apical margin of corium rounded, apical lateral angle obtuse .......-. Coenus, p. 764 Frena extending just to middle of scutellum; lateral margin of pronotum not explanate .......-.+.eseeeeeeeee Hymenarcys, p. 764 Frena extending beyond middle of scutellum; pronotal margins explanate 2.2524 h-.08 + 0+ deci ome serie eee Menecles, p. 765 Frena extending beyond middle of scutellum ........ oe ee 10 Frena shorter’ so. iciaeiiee erie Ghee ener ree ona Trichopepla, Pp. 759 Tibiae distinctly and broadly sulcate throughout their length ..... rit 13 Tibiae not so stilcate. ..c..0c00 cece cm werce os +0 + = le leisiieln Rumen Lateral margins of pronotum not crenulate; lateral angles not PLOMINENE oo. vee oie oe cies ose neal eeeleln cleieie w* wisic °1¢/e//=\e) enc ka ae aoa 12 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 759 Lateral margins of pronotum crenulate, lateral angles prominent, ReundedyOr acuminate ..).00... 50. ee ey Euschistus, p. 761 12. Form elongate; second and third rostral segments nearly esual .. Rhytidolc ia, p. 760 Form broad; second rostral segment longer than third ......... : i d | Chlorochroa, p. 760 13. Lateral angles of pronotum with an anteriorly projecting spine; MoeMMCLONAte Hiss al 5. a i le oe Solubea 61 + Lateral angles unarmed; form broad .............. Mormidea, A he iim ieamotvonger than tylus:.. 02.6... cs ss coe cole Thyanta, p. 766 iSeucamot or slightly longer than tylus :........0..03. 0.460.000 Dendrocoris, p. 769 16. Fifth antennal segment less than twice length of second; metas- ternal orifices continued in a long tapering ruga ................ Acrosternum, p. 767 Fifth antennal segment more than twice length of second ........ Banasa, p. 768 Peribalus Mulsant and Rey. A genus of few species having the head somewhat dilated later- aily, concealing the antenniferous tubercles from above, and the surface of the body without conspicuous pubescence. One species occurs within our limits. P. limbolarius Stal. (PI. xviii, 8.) Enum. Hemip., 11, 34, 1872. Brown, with close black punctation; lateral margins of prono- tum and of hemielytra at base, connexival margin and apex of scutellum yellowish white. Length 7.5-gmm. This species is often taken in sweeping vegetation. It feeds on shepherds purse and goldenrod and hibernates as adult. New Haven, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); East Haven, 9 July, 1908 (B. H. W.); Hamden, 24 July, 1910 (B. H. W.); Manchester, 30 Aug., nom2nCDe In C:)); Yalesville, 30 Sept., 1913 (W. E. B.); ‘Rainbow, 24 May, romsm@Vieek 2.) + Cornwall)12 Oct., 19619 ,(K. BF. C.). Trichopepla Stal. This genus is characterized particularly by the long fine pubes- cence on all parts of the body. One species occurs in New England. T. semivittata (Say). Het. New Harm., 9, 1832. Light to dark brown, more or less suffused and strongly punc- tured with black; three lines on head, lateral margins and irregular discal spot of pronotum, and margins and median line of scutellum pale and less strongly punctate. Connexivum spotted. Length 6.5-8 mm. This peculiar form is sometimes found late in the fall in various stages of development, feeding on the wild carrot. In the newly 760 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. emerged adults the connexivum is entirely pale, the normal spotted pattern appearing later. New Haven, 24'\June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 12 Sept., 1904, 12 July, 1905, 17 July, 1908, 26 June, 1910, 9 July, 1911 (B. H. W.); Stony Creek, 12 Aug., 1904 (P. L. B.) ; Woodmont, 23 July, 1904 (P. L. B.); East Haven, 9. July, 1908 (B. H. W.);- Meriden, 28 May, tors (Hi: Ee Rhytidolomia Stal. Rather large species of elongate form and olive green color, hav- ing the second and third segments of the antennae and rostrum nearly equal; juga not distinctly longer than tylus; and tibiae sulcate. Key to Species. Lateral margin of pronotum narrowly. reflexed ....0...0..00 988 senilis Lateral margin not reflexed;..2... F004 00 c.0nss ons cee saucia _R. saucia (Say). (PI. xviii, 9.) Het. New Harm., 6, 1831. Dark olive brown, head and anterior portion of pronotum of lighter shade; median line of scutellum, lateral margin of corium, and sometimes median line of head and pronotum distinctly pale. Length 9.5-11 mm. This and the following species are occa- sionally met with in the salt marshes of the Atlantic coast. Greenwich, 21 Aug., 18904 (A. P. M.); Stony Creek, 27 July, 1904 (H. L. V.);: New Haven, 20 July, 19005 (B.°H. W-)) 160) Auctarer (H. B. K.).; Lyme, 3 July; 1910 (A. B. C.); East Haven; 2) Mayasiore (B.2E Wi): R. senilis (Say). (PI. xviii, 10.) Het. New Harm., 5, 1831. Light to dark olive brown with more or less greenish tinge, lateral margins of corium and connexivum usually somewhat paler. Length 16-19 mm. Branford, 20 Aug., 1905 (H. W. W.); New Haven, 2 Sept., 1910, 7 May, 19i1 (A. B. C.); East Haven, 2 May, 1912 (B. H. W.). Chlorochroa Stal. Broadly oval species having the second segments of antennae and rostrum distinctly longer than third. One species occurs in our fauna. C. uhleri Stal. persimilis Horvath. (PI. xviii, 11.) Enum. Hemip., ii, 33, 1872. Bright green, lateral margins of pronotum, hemielytra at base, and connexivum pale yellow to bright red. Base of scutellum with three small pale spots, apex pale or reddish. Length 12-14 mm. I have seen this species feeding on the cultivated nasturtium, and it is often found on other plants, especially willows and junipers. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 761 Manchester, 4 Sept., 1913 & HW); Meriden, 1 une mors (CAME yey: Cornwall, 27 May, TOZO CK. Cu) Mormidea Amyot and Serville. Rather small convex species with more or less strongly project- ing eyes, frena extending beyond middle of scutellum, bucculae not reaching apex of first rostral segment, and unarmed lateral thoracic angles. A single species is found within our limits. M. lugens (Fabricius). (PI. xviii, 12.) Syst. Ent., 716, 1775. Pale brown, with coarse regular black punctation; head black; pronotum black anteriorly, the disk with a pale impunctate trans- verse ridge, the thickened lateral and anterior margins impunctate and pale; scutellum black, with a pale median spot at base and a pale impunctate marginal line. Base of hemielytra and con- nexivum narrowly pale. Length 5.5-6.5 mm. Commonly taken in sweeping; feeds on Verbascum. New Haven, 20 June, 19002 (E. J.'S. M.), 26 May, torr (A. B..€.), 9 June, r914(O.'S. L.) CM. P. Z.) ; Mount Carmel, 24 July, 19004 (W. E. B.); Scotland, 30 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.); Branford, 24 eee TOOSAG HE WW Wi) 23 july,,1005 (EH. i. V.)3) Danbury, isidtane tooo) (C). Wi J.) ; West Haven, 3 June, 1910-(A\ B.C.) ; Hamden, 28 May, Iori ae Et W.): Darien, 27, May, 1913. (C. W..J.); Portland, NS ANC TOTS (CS, EL. W.), 5 June, ro14 (B. H. W.); Stonington, 1 July, Prom de WD.) s° Milford, 12 June, 1918, Kent, 10 Aug., 1918..(M. P. Z.) 5 North) Branford,’ s July, 1921 CP. G.): Solubea Bergroth. This genus includes a single North American species. Form elongate : lateral angles of pronotum armed with anteriorly pro- jecting spines; bucculae elevated in front, extending beyond apex of first rostral segment; corium more or less transparent. | S. pugnax (Fabricius). Syst. Ent., 704, 1775. Yellowish brown, with strong punctures, some of which are black and form marginal bands on head and pronotum. Length 8-10 mm. This species is common to the southward and is admitted to our list on the strength of a single record of capture. It is reported to feed on grasses and allied plants. Stamford, 13 Aug., 1891 (A. P. M.). Euschistus Dallas. The species of this large and exclusively American genus present a remarkably uniform appearance, being much alike in their incon- spicuous brown coloration and broadly oval form. The head is elongate; lateral margins of pronotum crenulate, lateral angles 762 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. prominent, sometimes spinous, scutellum broad, narrowed toward apex. The species are confined almost entirely to a plant diet, but they are of little economic importance as they frequent plants of little value as a general rule. Some of the species occur in great abundance in autumn on goldenrod. They have a general resem- blance to the predaceous and highly beneficial species of Podisus, which may be distinguished by the spine at base of abdomen and the enlarged first segment of the rostrum. Key to Species. 1. Pronotum without a raised impunctate line connecting the lateral ANGLES ees sign arate oie. Shecelahs Sua arias ols Wavele eigvele ade hesecheton ane Z Pronotum: with such’a dine 22.2244 s....2 6.5.5.0. 5 oe ictericus 2, Juga not-distinctly, longer ‘than tylus .......2... 0. cee ee 3. Juga distinctly longer than tylus, but not meeting in front ....... euschistoides 3. Lateral) angles of ventral abdominal segments with a black dot .. 4 Lateral angles usually concolorous; genital plate of male with a dark 3SpOb? thew chien ee wah atlantis ouoete tsi ee eee eee variolarius 4. Abdomen usually with a median ventral row of black spots; length “usually amore than \1O mm) -...: .$2.. 2.6 eee ee ee tristigmus Abdomen without ventral spots; length less than 10mm. ...... politus E. euschistoides (Vollenhoven). (fissilis Uhler.) (PI. xviii, 14.) Versl. Med. Kow. Akad. Wetens. Amst., Ser. 2, ii, 180, 1868. In this and the other species of the genus the color is brown, varying in each from light to dark, and sometimes tinged with red ; paler on the ventral surface; punctation dense and blackened more or less; membrane dotted with brown. Juga acute, much longer than the tylus, forming a deep sinus at apex of head. Lateral angles of pronotum prominent, obtuse. Connexivum covered by hemielytra. Length 12-15 mm. Taken abundantly in the fall by sweeping goldenrod, clover, etc., and known to feed on many other plants. This and other species of the genus hibernate as adults. New Haven, 16 Aug., 1904 (P. L. B.), 12 July, 1905 (B. H. W.); Cole- brook, 20 July, 1905 (W. E. B.); Rockville, 23 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.); Scotland, 10 Aug., 1905 (B. H. W.); Greenwich, 9 July, 1907 (J. A. Cush- man); New Canaan, 10 Sept., 1908 (W. E. B.); Stamford, 4 June, 1912 (H. B. K.); Litchfield, 31 May, ror3 (L. B. W.); Stonington) 22 o}uly, io13 (L. B. R.), 12 June, tot4 (1.. W. D.); Meriden, 172 Julysror (H. L. J.); Farmington, 6 Sept., 1914 (W. M.); Darien, 12 June, rors (C. W. J.); Derby, 11 June, 1915 (M. P. Z.); Milford; 12° Juneserer7 (M. P. Z.); Northford, 15 June, 1919 (K. F. C.); Stepney, 5 June, 1916 (J. S. Leonard); Wilton, 22 May, 1916 (W. E. B.); Cornwall, 23 June, 1920 (K. F. C.); Hamden, 28 May, 1920 (P. G.); Marlborough, 15 June, 1922 (W. E.B.). EK. politus Uhler. Can. Ent) xxix 117) 1807, General color usually pale, irregularly speckled above and below with reddish spots; head with a black line below the margin; No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 763 pronotal punctures more blackened along lateral margins; connexivum spotted. Juga not quite reaching apex of tylus. Lateral margins of pro- notum slightly reflexed, lateral angles rounded. Connexivum narrowly exposed. Form rather depressed. Length 8-9 mm. Sometimes taken on scrub oak. Portland, 8 Aug., 1913, 20 July, 1919 (B. H. W.). E. tristigmus (Say). Het. New Harm., 4, 1831. Usually dark in shade, with black punctation; apex of scutellum pale; connexivum spotted; disc of abdomen with several promi- nent black spots grading larger posteriorly. , Apex of head rounded. Lateral angles of pronotum prominent, rounded or acute. Connexivum widely exposed. Length 10-12 mm. Common and feeds on a variety of plants, including pine, goldenrod, mullein, elder, etc. The form with spinose pronotal angles is var. pyrrhocerus H.-S. Torrington, 7 July, 19005 (W. E. B.); Westville, 8 and 30 July, 1905 Gi EB») New Canaan, 21 Sept., 19005 (W. E. B.); East Hartford, 13 Aug., 1906 (B. H. W.); Danbury, 15 June, 1909 (C. W. J.) ; Manchester, Soe ues mnorz Co J.C.) ; Wallingford, 12 June, 1912 (CD. J.C.) :, Port- land2on Mays '5 June, 1914 (B..H. W.); New Haven, 27 Aug., 1014 (W.E. B.), 16 June, 1915 (M. P. Z.); Colebrook (W. M. W.); Rainbow, 14 May, 1915 (M. P. Z.) ; Winsted, 14 May, 1915 (Clemens Kintz) ; Mystic, 2c ive toms, CM. P..Z.);. Kent, 10 Aug., 1918 (M. P. Z.) ; -Clintonville ARSepe toi CW, E.B:);. Cornwall, 28 Nov., 19190 CK. F. C.): E. variolarius (Palisot de Beauvois). (Pl. xviii, 13.) Ins., Rec. Afr. Am., 140, 1805. Pale brown, apex of scutellum usually lighter, connexivum spotted; ventral surface yellowish or greenish, the genital plate of the male with a prominent black spot. Head rounded at apex. Pronotum broad, the lateral angles acute, often spinose. Abdomen comparatively narrow; connexi- vum more or less exposed. . Form rather elongate, narrowed posteriorly. Length I1.5-15 mm. Often abundant in the fall on goldenrod, and many other plants, and reported by Van Duzee to vary its vegetarian diet by attacking colonies of Pulvinaria innumerabilis. Like the other species of the genus it hibernates as adult. Mount Carmel, 4 Nov., 1902 (E. J. S. M.); Yalesville, 18 Oct., 1903 GeeeieaVo)i: New Haven, 13 Aug., 1903 (B. H. W.); 22 Aug, 1904 (P. L. B.); Oxford, 21 May, 1904 (W. E. B.); Greenwich, 4 Nov., 1904 (W. E. B.); Norwalk, 13 Oct., 1904 (W. E. B.); Scotland, 25 July, 1904 (B. H. W.); Hartford, 19 October, 1904 (W. E. B.); New Canaan, 14 and 21 Sept., 1905, 10 Sept., 1908 (W. E. B.) ; West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.); Westville, 30 July, 1905 (W. E. B.); Mystic, 25 July, 1913 (M. P. Z.); Rainbow, 7 May, 1914 (M. P. Z.); Portland, 22 May, 1914 (3H); Dorrington (R. Hi); Hamden) 18 June, 1915)(O"S.L) ; Wilton, 2 May, 1916 (M. P. Z.). 764 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. E. ictericus (Linnaeus). Cent. Ins., 16, 1763. Yellowish in shade, with irregularly arranged black punctation. Connexivum very faintly spotted. Body beneath yellowish, often distinctly greenish in the males. Juga often shghtly longer than tylus. Pronotum broad, the lateral angles very prominent, acute, connected by an elevated impunctate ridge. Abdomen narrowed posteriorly; connexivum often a little exposed. Length 10.5-12 mm. Usually found in damp situations, where it feeds on Carew, Iris, and other marsh plants. New Haven, 27 July, roo4 (P. L. B.), 24 Aug., 1914 (MO PZ) eran ford, 16 Sept., 1904, 1 and 3 July, 1905 (H. W. W.); Hamden, 24 July, 1010» (5. El. W2). Coenus Dallas. This genus, characterized by the regularly ovate form, reticu- lately veined membrane, large scutellum broadly rounded at apex, and corium with apical margin arcuate and outer angle obtuse, contains a single North American species. Ciudelius#(Say)." (eisai, 155) Het. New Harm., 8, 1831. Pale yellowish brown, with moderately dense large black punc- tures; median line of head and lateral margins of pronotum and hemielytra impunctate. Length 7.5-9.5 mm. Commonly met with in sweeping; it usually feeds on the mullein. Scotland, 25 July, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.), 5 Sept. 1905 (B. H. W.), 18 March, 1o1n (A. B. C.), 9 Julyesror (M. P. Z.); East Haven, 16 Aug., 1906 (P. L. B.); Meriden, 10 May, 1910 (W. E. B.); Thompson, 10 May, 1910 (B. H. W.); Yalesville, 6 Oct., 1910 (D. J. C.); 18 March, torr (A. B. C.); Stamtord;rGgause 1912 (W. E. B.); Farmington, 10 Aug., 1914 (W. M.); Milford, 30 Apr., 1920 (B. H. W.); Marlborough, 15 June, 1922 (W. E. B.). Hymenarcys Amyot and Serville. This genus exhibits some of the peculiarities of the preceding, but the scutellum is smaller and more constricted apically, this approaching the more usual Pentatomid form, and the corium extends further posteriorly, with the lateral angle acute. One species occurs within our limits. H. nervosa (Say). Het. New Harm., 9, 1832. Yellowish brown with dense black punctures, margins of prono- tum and hemielytra impunctate. Length 8.5-9.5 mm. This common southern form has been found in New England on only two occasions. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATUMIDAE. 765 Neottiglossa Kirby. Small species having the head equilaterally triangular in outline and almost as broad as scutellum, which is rather large, broadly rounded at apex, and as long as corium. One species occurs in New England. N. undata (Say). Het. New Harm., 8, 1831. Pale brown, with black punctures gathered more densely on head, anterior portion of pronotum, and base of scutellum, and absent from tylus, median line of pronotum and scutellum, lateral margins of pronotum, and anterior angles of scutellum. Length 5 mm. This species feeds on mullein and hibernates as adult. North Haven, 3 Aug., 1905 (H. L. V.); Middlebury, 2 June, 1916 (Mis DEAN /BO Cosmopepla Stal. Small convex species with head strongly deflexed, narrower than scutellum, sides parallel toward apex, juga and tylus about equal; scutellum rather large, broadly rounded at apex, frena short. One of the species is found within our limits. C. bimaculata (Thomas). (carnifex Fabricius.) (Pl. xviii, 18.) M@rans: Il St: Agr. Soc:, v, 455, 1865. Black, strongly punctate, lateral margins of pronotum, hemi- elytra at base, and connexivum pale or reddish; pronotum with longitudinal and transverse red impunctate vittae; scutelium with a red spot on each side near apex; membrane hyaline. Some- times the front margins of head and thorax and edges of genital segment are also red. Length 5-6 mm. This pretty species, well known under the preoccupied name carnifex Fabricius, is often taken in sweeping various plants. It feeds on buttercup, figwort, etc., and hibernates as adult. Canaan, 19 Aug., 1894 (A. P. M.); Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Danbury, 15° June, 19009 (C. W. J.) ; Meriden, 3 June, 1910 CW. E.'B.); Norfolk, 13 July, 1915, 5 June, 1919 (M. P. Z.); Salisbury, 13 June, 1916 (M. P. Z.); New Haven, 16 July, 1920 (M. P. Z.) ; Cornwall, 2 June, 1920 Care.) Menecles Stal. A monotypic genus characterized by the broad flattened form, rather elongate anteriorly narrowed head with juga and tylus equal, broad and laterally explanate pronotum with anterior border deeply emarginate, scutellum with long frena, and reticulately veined membrane. M. insertus (Say). (PI. xviii, 16.) Het. New Harm., 6, 1831. \ \ 766 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Pale yellowish brown, with very regular and dense black puncta- tion; pronotum and scutellum with a narrow impunctate median line becoming obsolescent posteriorly. Length 13-14 mm. This curious species is occasionally found resting on tree trunks, especially hickory. It has been reported as attacking the larvae of the gipsy moth. Wallingford, 10 Aug., 1911, 20 July, 1910, New London, 2 May, 1913 (D. J. C.).; Stonington, 16 June, 1914 (J. W. D.). Thyanta Stal. Species of moderate size having the orificial canal long and gradually tapering; tylus at least as long as juga; pronotal margins simple; the tibiae sulcate above. Key to Species. Form very broadly oval; length omm. ....:..... s.2eeen eee calceata Form more elongate; length about 11mm. ..:..s2..2. ..-seee custator T. custator (Fabricius). Syst. Rhyng., 164, 1803. Color very variable, pale green to dark olive, sometimes with a purplish band across pronotum; median line of scutellum some- times pale; margins of pronotum and hemielytra sometimes red- dish yellow. Antennae reddish brown. Ventral surface pale. Surface densely and confluently punctate, except lateral margins of pronotum and hemielytra at base. Lateral pronotal angles prominent but not spinose. Male genital plate with slightly promi- nent lateral angles. Form rather elongate oval, sometimes variable. Length 9-11 mm. This species has been taken in Massachusetts and probably occurs in Connecticut, as it is common to the southward. T. calceata Say. Het. New Harm., 8, 1831. Differs from the preceding in its smaller size, shorter scutellum, constant form and coloration, the black markings on margin of head and pronotum, the purplish pronotal band, and the spots of the membrane being always present. ‘The male genital plate is somewhat narrower, with very prominent lateral angles. Form broadly oval. Length 9 mm. A rare species, closely related to the preceding. New Ganaan, 2 Oct..1007 13. Hew): Murgantia Stal. A characteristically southern group of brightly colored species having the metasternal orifices inconspicuous, located near the coxae, not elevated, and without a prolonged canal, juga not longer No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 767 than tylus, frena long, and tibiae sulcate above. One species occasionally reaches our territory through commerce. M. histrionica (Hahn). Wanz. Ins., ii, 116, fig. 196, 1834. Black, conspicuously ornamented with irregular and variable red or pale markings. This is the destructive harlequin cabbage-bug, which is common throughout the southern states and has advanced northward to southern Ohio and Long Island. The species has not become established in New England; one of the two ‘specimens so far discovered here was certainly brought in vegetables from the south, the other probably came in a similar manner. Meriden, 7 Apr., 1910 (H. L. J.). Acrosternum Fieber. This genus includes large green species having the juga not, or very slightly, longer than the tylus, first antennal segment not extending beyond apex of head, fifth antennal segment less than twice as long as second, second rostral segment not shorter than the third, orifices with a long tapering canal extending more than half way to pleural margin, and, in common with the succeeding genera, a spine at base of abdomen. Key to Species. Materalpmarcins of pronotum arctiate ............... pennsylvanicum ateralimanroms of pronotum straight... 6.0.2.6. ces Ske wees on hilare A. pennsylvanicum (DeGeer). Memoires, iii, 330, 1773. Green, ventral margins of head, third, fourth, and fifth antennal segments in part, abdominal spiracles, and small marginal spots of connexivum, black; mesosternum dark. Length 15 mm. This species is reported to frequent Ceanothus and small oak trees. Only three specimens are known to have been taken in New England. Stonington, 30 June, 1914 (I. W. D.). A. hilare (Say). (PI. xviii, 17.) Ins. of La., 9, 1832. Clear green, marked as in the preceding, except that the pro- notal and corial margins are sometimes narrowly pale. Length 15-18 mm. One of the largest and handsomest Pentatomids of our fauna, occasionally met with in sweeping underbrush in woods, and some- times occurring in large numbers on goldenrod. Westville, 10 Sept., 1904, 2 March, 1915 (W. E. B.); New Canaan, 15 Sept., 1905 (B. H. W.), 16 Sept., 1915 (1. W. D.); Poquonock, 27 June, 1905. (H. L. V.); New Haven, 23 June, 1905 (B. H. W.), 7 Sept., 1910 mee.) 19 Oct., 191r. (W. E. B.), 30 July, to11 (A. B. C.), 25 June; 768 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. 1014. (W. E. B.) } Lyme. 4 July-ro11 (A. Bae) a B. K.); Farmington, 3 Sept., 1914 (W. M.); Meriden, 5 Sept., 1914 ce Lo Jos Sharon, 5 Oct. 1Q2I (W. FE. B. 3 Middlebury, 2 June, 1916 (M. P. Z.); Southington, 2 July, 1921: (M. P. Z.). Banasa Stal. Species of moderate size having the fifth antennal segment more than twice as long as the second. ‘This genus agrees with the pre- ceding in most of its characters but is very distinct in coloration and habitus. Key to Species. t. Apical lateral angles of abdominal segments more obtuse, not much PIOJeCtiNS si. sca ots clas-agiceaicaloents ss SARs ale Apical lateral angles of abdominal segments acuminate, slightly projecting; Color -DROWM ~../.4.52.246. <5. sas eee eee sordida 2. Third antennal segment about twice the length of the second; head not narrowed in itont .43 5. 706.4 ao. to. te Oe ee See ee dimidiata Third antennal segment shorter; head distinctly narrowed ante- TIOL LY 6 Suen Sarn dao oak GLa 01 Dee owls Sos eee calva B. dimidiata (Say). (PI. xviti, 19.) Het. New Harm., 7, 1831. Greenish, tinged with olive; head red, punctate with black; pronotum purplish posteriorly; corium purplish, lateral margins green; scutellum pale at apex. Head broadly rounded at apex, sides of juga parallel. Lateral margins of pronotum straight, lateral angles rounded, prominent. Length 8-10 mm. Taken frequently on cedar and reported from pine, birch, mountain ash, mullein, etc. New Haven, 28 June, 1920 (B. H. W.); Hartford, 19 Oct., 1906, 1 Nov., 1916 (W. E. B.); Wallingford, 28 June, 1911 (J. K. L.); Portland, 8 and 14 Aug., 1913, 5 June, 1914 (B. H. W.); Stonington, May, 12 June, 1914 (I. W. D.); Farmington, 14 June, 1914 (W. M.); Union, 26 May, 1916 (M.-P. Z.); Norfolk, i917 CE. M. Stoddard); Canaan) 5) jilyrore (M. P. Z.); Southington, 6 July, 1921 (M. P. Z.); Hamden, 6 Aug., 1922 (B. H. W.); Marlborough, 15 June, 1922 (W. E. B.). B. calva (Say). Het. New Harm., 7, 1832. Similar in general to the preceding. Coloration paler; margin of abdomen with conspicuous black dots; ventral punctures of abdomen fewer and paler; sides of juga convergent anteriorly. Length 9-11 mm. Occurs rarely in New England. Yalesville, 19 Oct., 1903 (H. L. V.). B. sordida (Uhler). Proc, Bost. Soe. Nat ist. xivcOS. oan. Brown, with green or yellow tinge, punctures darker. Lateral pronotal margins yellow, as is apex of scutellum; longitudinal line and discal spot of corium piceous; connexivum spotted. Length 10 mm. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 769 The only specimen known to have been taken in New England is a type in the Harris collection. Dendrocoris Bergroth. Small, broadly ovate species having the juga longer than the tylus, and usually contiguous before it; lateral pronotal margins more or less acute, without teeth, lateral angles rounded or obtuse; femora unarmed at apex; and tibiae sulcate. A single species occurs in our fauna. D. humeralis (Uhler). Bull U.S.'Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., iii, 400, 1877. Pale yellowish, with dark suffusion and dense black punctation. Length 6.5-7.7 mm. Usually taken in beating small oaks, also reported from Carya and white pine. Hiubernates as adult. Menident To May.’ 19010 CA, B.-C.);' Portland, 12 Aug, 1013, 22) May: IOLA (@DwwhWV.), 21 May, 1915 (FE. W. Haasis); Stonington, 6 July, 1914 CEWo Doe Kallinely, 17 June, 1915, CW. E. B:). Subfamily ACANTHOSOMATINAE. In this subfamily the tarsi are two-segmented, and the frena usually extend almost to apex of scutellum. The few species representing the group in our region are rather elongate in shape and belong to the section having a large sternal keel and the abdomen carinate and armed at base with a very large spine. Key to Genera. Metasternal orifices with a short, broadly rounded canal ....Meadorus Metasternal orifices with a long, gradually tapering canal ....... Elasmostethus Meadorus Mulsant and Rey. This genus, containing a single North American species, is characterized by a depression and slight amplification of the pro- notal margin just behind the lateral angles, which are thus made to appear shallowly emarginate, and by the orificial structure noted in the key. M. lateralis (Say). (Pl. xviii, 20.) et New Harm.; 3, 1831. Brown, more or less tinged with red or green, coarsely punctate with black; apex of scutellum sometimes pale; connexivum spotted. Sternal ridge moderately raised, extending forward over prosternum and backward by tip of abdominal spine, which is long and acute. Abdomen with a strong obtuse percurrent carina. Length 7-9 mm. A very variably colored species, locally common. Canterbury, 14 Aug., 1905 (B. H. W.); Lyme, 29 May, 1910, 5 Aug., HOME gorNpr. tor (A. B, C.), 4°July, torr (A. B.C) Gav Be) 5 Bort. 25 770 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. land, ‘7, 12, 13: Aug., 1913, 15-May, 1914 (B. H.W.) ; Litchhelds imesepe 1914 (L. B. W.); Union, 26 May, 1916 (M. P. Z.); Kent, 10 Aug., 1918 WD i ; Granby, 3 Aug., 1919 (M. P. Z.); Colebrook, 19 June, 1920 Elasmostethus Fieber. This genus may be distinguished from the preceding by the simple pronotal angles and long narrow orificial canal. One species has been found in New England. C. cruciatus (Say).. (Pl. xviii, 21.) Het. New Harm., 2, 1831. Yellowish brown, shining, with coarse dark punctation; base of pronotum and scutellum, clavus, and inner margin of corium, and apex of abdomen, reddish. Length 10-11 mm. Very rare in the southern parts of New England, common in the north, sometimes taken on the alder. Eastford, 15 June, 1916 (W. E. B.). Subfamily ASOPINAE. The species of this group have the rostrum inserted close to apex of tylus, the first segment strongly thickened and not embedded between the bucculae, which are small and convergent posteriorly; first antennal segment in general very short; male genital plate reduced in size, not covering the copulatory apparatus. The nymphs are often of bright blue and red coloration even when the adults are of a uniform dull brown. This subfamily differs in habit from most of the other Pentatomidae, the species being car- nivorous and very voracious. Their activities are very beneficial to man, as many of the species attack such injurious forms as the potato beetle and various Lepidopterous larvae such as the gipsy and brown-tail caterpillars. “The nymphs in earlier stages require vegetable food, becoming exclusively carnivorous in the last instar. Key to Genera. 1. Anterior femora armed with a spine or prominent tubercle near APEX. oss alain civ is G ie'ei sd witssere oe sleeker cislelsiaiabeiedecs itlclel chet nae 2 Anterior femora, unarmed) 2.6.00 fo fed oc bie voce tin oes © Re ee 2. Scutellum large, broad, extending almost or quite to apex of abdo- IMC Gece See ee ee ee wees diabolo) steleee set nee Stiretrus Scutellum moderate in size, narrowed apically ............... Perillus 3. Base of abdomen without ventral spine. ...2 0052. 2.022 eee 4 Base of abdomen with ventral spine or tubercle ... ... 222s. 4. Tibiae sulcate above; lateral pronotal margins crenulate anteriorly Rhacognathus Tibiae not sulcate:, pronotal margins entire |)... Gooner Zicrona 5. Frena extending beyond middle of scutellum; bucculae slightly elevated, gradually decreasing in height posteriorly ............ Frena extending to middle of scutellum; bucculae strongly ele- vated, not decreasing posteriorly ........ Cree seer BAiggG a ..Mineus 6. Tylus generally shorter than juga; male with abdominal stridula-_ toryareas:: largeér® species! ice ere ee craic ee Re eae Apateticus Tylus as long as juga; areas absent; smaller species ........ Podisus No. 34. | HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 771 Stiretrus Laporte. Species of oval, very convex form having the scuteilum large, covering most of the abdomen; frena short, not extending beyond basal third of scutellum. One species occurs in North America. S. anchorago (Fabricius). Spec ins: 11; 341; 1781. ' Shining, strongly punctate; dark metallic green, head with anterior margin narrowly reddish; pronotum with large yellowish lateral patches, enclosing two or three green spots; scutellum margined with yellow except at base, median line yellow toward apex; hemielytra more or less broadly margined with yellow, membrane dark; connexivum spotted. Length 8mm. Rare. This species is very common in the southern states where it appears in a number of very different color varieties. The speci- mens taken in New England all belong to var. fimbriatus Say, to which the foregoing description applies. This species feeds on a variety of more or less injurious insects including the larvae of the gipsy moth. Lyme, 27 Aug., torr (A. B. C.). Periilus Stal. Rather broad, moderately convex species, having the scutellum moderate in size, narrowed apically, the frena extending to the middle; front femora armed with a subapical spine or tooth of variable size; tibiae shallowly sulcate toward apex, the anterior not dilated. Ventral spine of abdomen short, not passing the hind coxae. Key to Species. Anterior femora with a cylindrical blunt spine; color brown; length VIN ORIAORITISTIMC ects dll ccc luls a csadercua ‘ai gue ai niece tecstows Soyol eerste circumcinctus Anterior femora with a low conical tubercle; color otherwise; etaegtiinmer OU ts OATA! 1 es ce eterd iets ce ciaccaei sia uve 'lalave & evelele: shel er evepeyets exaptus P. circumcinctus Stal. (Pl. xviti, 22.) Stett. Ent. Zeit., xxiii, 89, 1862. Brown, sometimes with reddish tinge, strongly and sparsely punctate, the punctures mostly dark; pronotum with anterior and lateral margins, and median stripe, pale yellowish, also margin and incomplete median stripe of scutellum; hemielytra and connexivum with lateral margins pale. Length 9-10 mm. Feeds especially upon the larvae and adults of the potato beetle, but seldom if ever becomes numerous enough in this region to render any conspicuous service in this regard. The size and shape of the femoral tooth is useful in separating this species from the next, but this structure is somewhat variable in both and cannot always be depended upon. Ve: CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Colebrook, 10 Aug., 1909 (W. E. Willis); Meriden, 3 May, 1914 (H. L. J.); Milford, 30 Apr., 1920 (B. H. W.); Durham, 10 Aug., 1922 CWiee eZ. )s P. exaptus (Say). (PI. xviii, 24.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 313;-1825. Color very variable, entirely black to pale yellowish or red with black markings, in the latter case the black often distributed as follows: head except front margin, transverse bands on disk and hind margins of pronotum, median area of scutellum, hemielytra except costal margin. Length 5-7 mm. Several color varieties have been named but it is hardly worth while to enumerate them, as intermediate forms are more common than those that fit the descriptions. Thompson, 13 July, 1894 (A. P. M.) ; New Haven, 26 Apr., 1908, 18 June, 1921 (B. H. W.) ; Gales Ferry, 26 Apr.,; 1913 (D. J. C.) ; Seymour-zmAaae ro10 (A. B. C.); Meriden, 10 July, 1914 CH. L. J.); Portland aaa 1or4 (CMS P22): Walton, 2 May, cro16 GV ee.) ee Rhacognathus Fieber. Dark, very strongly punctate species somewhat resembling Brochymena in general appearance; scutellum broadly rounded at tip, sides parallel in apical half; anterior tibiae unarmed, sulcate above; abdomen without basal spine; second rostral segment not shorter than the third and fourth together, third not longer than the fourth; bucculae strongly elevated; frena extending about to middle of scutellum; metasternal orifices small, canal obsolete; male without abdominal sericeous patches. This genus includes a single North American species. R. americanus Stal. Enum. Hemip., i, 77, 104, 1851. Pale yellowish brown in ground color, more or less suffused with black, surface with strong, black, more or less confluent punc- tation, producing a general dark effect; lateral pronotal margins, median line of pronotum and scutellum, base of third antennal segment, connexival bands, and markings of legs, pale; membrane black. Juga longer than tylus, contiguous in front. Lateral margins of pronotum straight, crenulate anteriorly; lateral angles promi- nent. Connexivum widely exposed. Form broadly oval. Length Q-II mm. This is a rare species, taken once in Massachusetts. Mineus Stal. This genus contains a single North American species, having the juga and tylus approximately equal; lateral pronotal margins nearly straight, obtuse, entire; scutellum rather narrowly rounded apically, the frena extending a little beyond the middle; tibiae No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 118 scarcely sulcate above, cylindrical in basal half ; metasternal orifices with a slightly curved canal; abdomen with a short basal spine and sericeous patches in the male. M. strigipes (Herrich-Schaeffer). Wanz. Ins., ix, 338, 1853. Bluish black, anterior and lateral margins and median line of pronotum, lateral margin of corium toward base, connexivum, and border of scutellum, red; membrane black. Length 8-9 mm. Occasionally taken in sweeping vegetation. The markings are moderately variable in shade and extent. iINewaGanaan, 4 Sept., 1018 (M. P. Z.). Apateticus Dallas. Rather large species, having the frena extending beyond middle of scutellum; bucculae but slightly elevated, evanescent poste- riorly; juga generally longer than tylus, their inner apical angles sometimes acute; orificial canal long and slightly curved forward; apical angles of sixth ventral abdominal segment rounded, not prominent; and disk of abdomen in the male with sparsely pubescent stridulatory areas. Key to Species. Superior lateral process of male genitalia short and flat; ventral Miatewolmiemale eenitalia triangular . 05.50.50... ede wes as cynicus Superior process long and slender; ventral plate quadrangular ... bracteatus Avecymicus (Say). (Pl. xviii, 23.) (Figs. 168 and 160.) Het. New. Harm., 3, 1831. Pale brown, with dark punctures and irregular reddish suffu- sion; pronotal calli more or less greenish; connexivum spotted. Lateral margins of pronotum curved, feebly crenulate ante- riorly; lateral angles acutely spinose. Ventral spine of abdomen large, extending between hind coxae. This and the following species are very similar in most respects, but are easily distinguished by the genital characters mentioned in the table of species. Durham) 1) Sept., 19009 (B. H. W.) 3.’ New Canaan, 20 Sept., 1000 Cee B») 26) Sept., 1913. (B. HH. W.:):; . Brookfield, 27) June; 1010 Giese) Portland, 15 Aug. 1913 CB. H. W.); Meriden; (13) July,.1o13 CEE hy: A. bracteatus (Fitch). MhindvRept...Crans. N. Y. St. Agr. Soc., xvi, 336, 1856. Generally darker in color than the preceding, and otherwise distinguished by the less acute pronotal spines, the somewhat broader form, and the widely different genital characters men- tioned inithe key. Length 13-18 mm. Sometimes taken in sweeping rank vegetation. 174 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Litchfield, 10 Aug., root (L. Bi. :W.);- Prospect! v1saAnes 1906 CW HB.) Meriden, 2 Aug., 1913 (H. L. J.); New Haven, 24 Aug., 1914 (M. P. Z.); Madison, 24 Sept., 1922 (B. H. W.). Podisus Herrich-Schaeffer. Somewhat feebly distinguished from the preceding by the longer tylus, which equals or exceeds the juga, rather prominent and acute lateral angles of the sixth abdominal segment, absence of stridulatory areas in the male, and generally smaller size of the species. The members of this and the preceding genus hibernate in the adult condition. (For eggs, see pl. xix, 7.) Key to Species. 1. Membrane with a dark longitudinal stripe; lateral angles of prono- tum usually projecting, sometimes spinose, rarely rounded Membrane without stripe; pronotal angles rounded .......... placidus 2. Basal spine of abdomen long, extending between hind coxae ...... Basal spine short, not extending between hind coxae; lateral angles of pronotum not spinose .. . Sie. 5s oss cess ase 4 3. Lateral angles of pronotum prominent and acute, often spinose ... maculiventris Lateral angles rounded. 2.0.03. 2... 0.65. ho eee fretus 4. Second antennal segment one-third longer than the third; lateral angles of pronotum not prominent; color grayish brown, corium witha. dark Spot Suki edhe ol boats ls ciel eee serieventris Second antennal segment one-fourth longer than the third; pro- notal angles prominent; color generally pale reddish brown ... modestus P. fretus Olsen. Bull.. Brook, Ent. Soe:, x1, 82, 1016. Pale brown, profusely marked with red and reddish brown blotches ; connexivum spotted; abdomen ventrally with lateral and median rows of reddish brown spots. Length 12.5-14.1 mm. Occurs in Massachusetts and southward. P. maculiventris (Say). (Pl. xvii, 27 and 28; Plsxx ya) [ns ob a. nr, 1632. Brown, varying irregularly in shade from light to dark, generally with a grayish, not reddish tinge; abdomen with three discal rows of small black spots, the posterior spot of the median row large. Length 10-12.5 mm. This is the most abundant species of the genus in our territory. The present treatment of this species and serieventris is based on an examination of Uhler’s type specimen of the latter in the Harris collection. New Haven, 16 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.); South Glastonbury, 18 Oct., 1004 (W. E. B.); Southington, 5 July, 1905 (B. H. W.); Cromwell, 29 Sept., 1905 (W. E. B.); Windsor, 26 July, 1005 (W. E. B.); Granbyeae Oct., 1905; Branford, 18 July, 1908 (Mrs. A. J. Tenney) ; Winnipauk, 4 Aug., 1908 (C. W. J.); Portland, 14 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Meriden, 6 July, 1914 (H. L. J.) ; Moosup, 29 July, 1914 (C. S. Miller) ; Pomfret, 14 No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: PENTATOMIDAE. 775 June, 1916 (W. E. B.); New Canaan, 17 Sept., 1918 (B. H. W.); Green- wich, 24 June, 1922 (W. E. B.). P. modestus (Dallas). (Pl. xviii, 26.) listo Elemip., 1, 101, 1851. Pale reddish brown, margins of head and pronotum, and base of scutellum somewhat darker. Body beneath pale, with numerous black spots; abdomen with five rows, the spots of the median row grading larger posteriorly. Lateral angles of pronotum prominent, rather acute, but not spinose; lateral margins angulate; Ventral spine short. Form oval, more elongate in male. Length 9-10.6 mm. Often taken in sweeping. This form, as understood here, is very variable in size, some of the females equalling those of maculiwventris, although the average is much smaller. Meriden, 29 May, 1915 (H. L. J.) ; Woodstock, 13 May, 1915 (W. E. B.); Canaan, 5 June, 1918, Kent, 10 Aug., 1918 (M. P. Z.); Lyme, 16 June, 1918 (B. H. W.); Norfolk, 5 June, 1919, Farmington, 10 June, 1919 (M. P. Z.); New Canaan, 17 Sept., 1919 (B. H. W.). P. placidus Uhler. (PI. xviii, 25.) me Ent, , 11,203, 1870. Brown, with darker punctation, variably mottled and suffused with red or piceous. Lateral margins of head narrowly black. Lateral margins of pronotum pale; membrane without dark stripe; connexivum spotted. Body beneath pale, with a few small black spots, irregularly arranged anteriorly and forming two rows on each side of abdomen. Ventral spine long, extending between hind coxae. Length g-11mm. Taken usually in beating trees. Stonington, 7 June, 1906 (W. E. B.), May, ro14 (I. W. D.) ; Brookfield, 27 uly. toro) CE, 1. D.); New Haven, 22 June, ro11 (A. B. C.), 24 Aug} 1914 (M. P. Z.); Litchfield, 23 Aug., 1911 (L. B. W.); Wallingford, 1911, eomunes2o) july, 1o12 (D.. J. ©.); Woodbury, 14 July, 1913 (CW. E. B.); Portland, 5 June, 1914 (M. P. Z.); North Stonington, 20 May, 1915 (I. W. D.); Killingly, 11 June, 1915 (W. E. B.); Rainbow, 24 May, 1915 Gir PrZ.) > Lyme, 16 June, 1918 (M. P. Z.); Ansonia, 26 May, rors (M. P. Z.); Cornwall, 10 July, 1920 (K. F. C.); Middlebury, 9 May, 1910 QW: E B.). P. serieventris Uhler. ibrocs Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xiv, 04, 1871. Pale brown, tinged with gray; head, anterior and lateral regions of pronotum, base and middle of scutellum, and disk of corium with prominent black markings; connexivum spotted. Body beneath pale, with darker punctures more prominent anteriorly ; abdomen with five rows of black spots, the median row grading larger posteriorly. Lateral margins of pronotum impunctate, pale, somewhat angu- late at middle, irregularly crenulate anteriorly; lateral angles obtuse, slightly prominent. Ventral spine very short, not reaching hind coxae. Form oval. Length Iomm. 776 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. This species is occasionally met with in sweeping vegetation, especially trees. The form described here agrees with Uhler’s description and type, but it is not the serieventris of some authors. The black spot of the corium appears to be a constant feature, and, together with the rather blunt pronotal angles and short ventral spine will serve to distinguish this from the other members of the genus. In size it is often exceeded by females of modestus. Branford, 18 July, 1908 (Mrs. A. J. Tenney) ; Woodstock, 13 May, 1915 GWir 35.) Zicrona Amyot and Serville. Tylus and juga of equal length; lateral margins of pronotum entire, not carinate; scutellum rather large, broadly rounded at apex, the frena reaching to about the middle; bucculae small; femora unarmed; tibiae not sulcate above, flattened toward apex ; abdomen unarmed at base, the third, fourth, and fifth segments depressed along median line; sericeous patches lacking. A single species is known. Z. caerulea (Linnaeus). Syst. Nat., Edn. 10, i, 445, 1758. Iridescent greenish blue; antennae black. Length 6-7 mm. This beautiful species has a very wide distribution, being found throughout Europe and Asia, in Japan, the Dutch East Indies, and North America. Within New England it has been met with very rarely, on the summit of Mount Washington and on the coast of Maine, but in the western states it is of common occurrence. Adventitious specimens have been taken in Connecticut in boxes of nursery stock imported from France. Family CYDNIDAE. By Howarp Maptson ParsHtey, Sc.D. This family comprises a moderate number of species small or medium in size and usually black in color, including those with the scutellum large and convex, formerly known as Corimelaenidae, as well as some with the scutellum smaller and flat, the Cydnids proper or burrowing bugs. Many of the species are retiring in habits, living obscurely in the ground, under stones, and in decay- ing wood, others frequent the leaves of plants, occasionally becom- ing injurious, and a few are found in more or less close association with ants. The tibiae are strongly spinose; antennae generally inserted near the base of the head and distant from the lateral margin; propleura convex in front, depressed behind; abdomen with five ventral segments visible in addition to the external geni- talia, the true first being hidden except for its narrow posterior margin. No. 34. ] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CYDNIDAE. TIE Key to Subfamilies. Scutellum large and convex, covering the greater part of the abdo- men and wings; corium usually acute at apex, not reaching apex OHMS CUIECMMLIIT A tere sire a! gh Na My S18 aonb Guat ee eam THYREOCORINAE Scutellum smaller, flat and triangular, not reaching broad apex of COMME WC Hn Se eR ie Re ORM hyn Ml GNA DING AND AUD Subfamily THyREOCORINAE. Small, usually black species, generally shining and sometimes inconspicuously marked with white or yellow. The large scutellum is shaped much as in the Scutelleridae and covers the hemielytra except the costal margin, which alone is strongly chitinized. The bugs belonging to this group are most often met with on plants, but are sometimes found under stones and in the excreta of mammals. The species formerly placed in Thyreocoris Schrank undoubtedly form several groups of generic rank, and the forms occurring in our fauna may be placed according to the following synopsis. Key to Genera. Hemielytra with a groove near the costal margin; femora with SPIMest ys skis. od Ae OR ein cogs Perea aap PRE UT EEO) Aric Galgupha Hemielytra without costal groove; femora with a few fine bristles Corimelaena Galgupha Amyot and Serville. Black species having spined femora, hind tibiae with five series of spines and a longitudinal carina, and the margins of the body without setae. Key to Species. Pronotum and scutellum (as viewed from the side) together evenly convex, their bases at same level; hemielytra without a distinct TC EMIMSIMENCOSLATOTOOVEs «5 oe sje s sie. 4,0 + os. 9/6 enti 14 /¢ wacsopeagetl eee atra Pronotum and scutellum together not evenly convex, their bases meeting in a transverse groove: hemielytra with a distinct ridge MTSTCEMEGOS tA OGOOME! site. 6 alas ccteteiels. 24101 < aheuess ie ecale itl eho sto nitiduloides G. atra (Amyot and Serville). (PI. xviii, 2.) Hemip., 68, 1843. Black, shining, antennae more or less reddish. Dorsal surface highly polished, with fine punctation becoming obsolete toward the middie. Form regularly oval. Length 4.8-6mm. Often taken in sweeping vegetation. New Haven, 16 Aug., 1904, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.); Guilford, 6 June, 1905 (W. E. B.); Westville, 9 Aug., 1906 (B. H. W.); Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.); Brookfield, 27 July, 1910 (E. L. D.); Southington, 9 June, 1910 (B. H. W.); Lyme, 14 May, ro1r (A. B. €) > Hamden; 23 May, 10n9 CM. Py Z.):. G. nitiduloides (Wolff). icon, Cimic, 111, 08, 1802. 778 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Black, shining, less highly polished than the preceding species, the punctures being much coarser and distributed over almost the entire surface. Form narrowed posteriorly. Length 4-5 mm. Reported as occurring on Ceanothus; often found in general sweeping. Litchfield, 7 Sept., 1901 (L. B. W.); Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (Bo EaWwe):- Westville, 9 Aug., 1906 (B. H. W.); Salem, 10 July, 1914 (H. W. Foote): Meriden, 21 May, 1915 (H. L. J.). Corimelaena White. Species which are often marked with yellowish white, having the femora not spinose, hind tibiae with four series of spines and without longitudinal carina; margins of body without setae. Key to Species. Pale border of hemielytra not broadened at base; length more than SPOT Gee Se snaastsc cee tle oe ae eee nasa dhs een lateralis Pale border broadened at base; length less than 3.5mm. ....pulicaria C. lateralis (Fabricius). Syst. Rhyng., 142, 1803. Black, shining, antennae paler; costal margin of hemielytra and edge of fifth ventral segment narrowly yellowish white. Surface coarsely punctate. Form broadly oval. Length 4 mm. This species is occasionally taken in general sweeping. It is easily distinguished by the pale, narrow costal streak. Chapinville, 26 May, 1904 (W. E. B.); Winnipauk, 16 June, 1909 (C. W. J.); Milford, 14 June, 1918 (E. D. Brown); Hamden, 17 July, 1920 (M. P. Z.). C. pulicaria (Germar). Zeit, {. Ent., 4, 30; 1830: | Black, shining, antennae brown; exposed portion of hemielytra broadly pale, except for some black punctures; edges of fourth and fifth and posterior margin of terminal dorsal abdominal seg- ments reddish yellow. Surface punctured. Form rather broadly oval. Length 2.7-3.2 mm. The smallest and commonest species of the group. It 1s found in sweeping various plants, and frequents the flowers and fruit of strawberry, blackberry and raspberry to which it imparts an unpleasant taste. Litchfield, 3 Aug., roor (L. B. W.); Branford, 18 and 28 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Stafford, 24 Aug., 1905, Westville, 3 Aug., 1905 (W. E. B.); New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (W. E. B.), 19 July, 1905, 17 May, 1906, 20 July, 1908 (B. H. W.); Brookfield, 27 July, 1910 (E. L. D.) ; Hamden, 28 May, 1020;-(1) (Ge Subfamily CyDNINAE. Species of moderate or small size, with scutellum flat, triangular, much smaller than in the group preceding, and not extending to apex of corium; the latter broad at tip, and entirely exposed. rere mes No. 34.] © HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: CYDNIDAE. 779 Key to Tribes. Brontnebiacwbroad.and: flat coc sod eck ot ein ene aetna aM Cydnini site dich autietale eye eel ae Rt aeS Sehirini Tribe CYDNINI. Species of black or rarely brown color living for the most part in the. ground, under stones and in ant nests. The tibiae are thickly set with strong spines and long setae, inserted irregularly over the entire surface except on the front legs where the tibiae are flattened and the spines confined largely to the anterior edge and broad apex of the segment. These structures, and the entire ventral aspect of the insects in a general way, recall very strongly the corresponding parts as developed in the Histerid beetles, the apparent convergence extending even to the mode of attachment of the spines, which, in the Cydnines, are not continuous with the tibial surface but are set into cup-like elevations, after the manner of the “inserted denticles” of the beetles. This similarity in struc- ture may perhaps have arisen in connection with the similarity in habits of many of the species, which in both groups are more or less subterranean and myrmecophilous. But our knowledge of these most mysterious Hemiptera is very incomplete and further observations on their modes of life will be of the greatest interest. The species of this tribe are characteristically southern in distribution and they are rarely to be met with in New England. Key to Genera. iPeeNtarcinot,nead toothed; color brown ..........2...2 62402. Amnestus Wereinmoteneadventine:, color Dlack 0.44 o/s wuls's nelle s ee tare tee ore 2 2. Pronotum with an impressed line along anterior margin ....Pangaeus Eronotum:waithoutimpressed line -..../.. 226... eu eie ade welder Geotomus Pangaeus Stal. Head almost flat, anterior margins broadly rounded, narrowly reflexed; metasternal orifices with a narrow somewhat irregular canal. Anterior tibiae broadly flattened. Form oval, the margins ciliate with strong sparse setae. One species is reported from our territory. P. bilineatus (Say). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 10, 1832. Black, shining, antennae and rostrum paler. Length 6.5-7.5 mm. Known to occur in New England only from Massachusetts and Connecticut records given by Uhler. Geotomus Mulsant and Rey. Head broadly rounded anteriorly, margins ciliate and narrowly reflexed; orificial canal broadly rounded at apex. Anterior tibiae moderately flattened. Form oval, margins ciliate. 780 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. G. robustus (Uhler). Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., i1i, 390, 1877. Black, shining ; antennae, rostrum, and legs dark reddish brown; corium sometimes reddish; membrane white, slightly tinged with brown. Length 3.7 mm. Known from New England only by Uhler’s Massachusetts record. Amnestus Dallas. Small, convex, brownish species having margin of head toothed ; metasternal orifices with long and scarcely curved canal. Scutel- lum triangular, almost equilateral, sides nearly straight. Corium broad, posterior margin sinuate; clavi contiguous behind scutel- lum. The male genital segment is triangular with a tubercle at middle; the female ring-like, enclosing the smaller plates. Key to Species. t. Length 4mm.; color dark; form ‘strongly convex -~2-75.4e6 spinifrons Length less than 3mm.; usually paler; less strongly convex =22., 2 2. Juga with four teeth; disk of pronotum strongly punctate anter- POU A diateveitereiaesoiers.+ dues be pelea ne Slee! died sie Ovaiy 1 ee pusillus Juga with five teeth; disk of pronotum obsoletely or sparsely punctate anteriorly |. c.sca0. 2s ose tie obete see ts oe eee pallidus A. spinifrons (Say). (PI. xviii, 3.) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iv, 316, 1825. Shining chestnut brown, corium a little paler; membrane trans- lucent white; antennae, rostrum, and legs reddish brown. Anterior femora in female armed with a large bifid spine. Length 4mm. , A rather rare species, sometimes found under stones in spring, after hibernation in the adult condition. West Haven, 11 May, 1905 (B. H. W.); Yalesville, 26 May, 1908 (B. H. W.); Southington, 27 Apr., 1910 (W. E. B.); Orange, 21 May, to1r (B. H. W.); Meriden, 1 May, 1914 (H. L. J.). A. pusillus Uhler. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., i, 278, 1876. Reddish to pale brown, shining, corium lighter in color, mem- brane white. Anterior femora of the female without bifid spine. Length 2.25-2.75 mm. This species, occurring in Maine, has been confused with the following. A. pallidus Zimmer. Gan. Ent) xii, 100;1010. Similar to the preceding but somewhat larger and having much finer and less regular punctation, the disk of the pronotum being almost impunctate before and behind the coarsely punctate trans- verse impression. Anterior femora in the female armed ventrally with a large bifid spine. Length 2.75 mm. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: SCUTELLERIDAE. 781 Occasionally found under stones and by sifting. New Haven, 15 May, 1905, 24 May, 1921 (B. H. W.); O 1020 (Bs. W.). feay 102k) ); Orange, 25 May, Tribe SEHIRINI. In the species of this tribe the head is destitute of marginal teeth or setae and the anterior tibiae are cylindrical toward base, becom- ing dilated and triangularly prismatic at apex. There is but one known North American species. Sehirus Amyot and Serville. Species of moderate size, having the juga extending slightly beyond apex of tylus; mesosternum with a fine median carina; scutellum elongate, the sides nearly straight; apical margin of corium oblique, nearly straight; anterior femora unarmed; and the orificial canal broad and flat. S. cinctus (Palisot de Beauvois). (PI. xviii, 4.) inspec: tr. Am:;, 114, 1805. Bluish black, lateral margin of corium and more or less of the connexival margin, outer face of tibiae, and usually a small spot at apex of corium white and impunctate; second antennal segment reddish; membrane brownish hyaline. Body beneath, black. Form oval, broadened posteriorly. Length 5.7 mm. Often taken in general sweeping and reported to feed on the wild raspberry. Hibernates as adult and is one of the first Hemiptera to become active in the spring. New Haven, 20 July, 1908, 9 July, 1911 (B. H. W.), 16 July, 1920 CMEvEeZ); Brookfeld,.27 July, ro10 (E. L. D.); New Canaan, 30) Apr: TORO @viewbeZ.):) Cornwall, 11 July, 1920 (K. F. C.). 5) Family SCUTELLERIDAE. By Howarp Mapison ParsHLey, Sc.D. This extensive family is represented within our limits by but two species, neither of which exhibit the brilliancy of lustre and orna- mentation often characteristic of the forms inhabiting the warmer regions of the world. The more important characters of the group are as follows: hind wings with primary and subtended veins separated by a considerable area which is broadest at middle, pro- vided with a hamus; body convex, generally both above and below; scutellum without frena, very large and convex, covering almost all of the abdomen and leaving exposed only the costal edge of the corium when the wings are at rest; tibiae without spines; mesosternum longitudinally sulcate; abdomen with six visible ventral segments besides the external genitalia, which in the male consist of a single genital plate, in the female of several smaller plates accurately fitted together; ocelli present; rostrum four- 782 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. segmented ; tarsi three-segmented ; probably always phytophagous, but their habits and life histories are little known. Key to Subfamilies. Ventral aspect of abdomen with a finely striated stridulatory area on each side near the median line in both sexes; connexivum not prominently exposed in our’species ....2.....-.-... eee TETYRINAE Abdomen without stridulatory areas; connexivum prominently EXPOSEC INOUr SpeCleSs!.¢.65..c0u5 aes ee ODONTOTARSINAE Subfamily TETYRINAE. Most of the species of this group are very convex in form and many are of velvety appearance with frequently very variable markings. A single genus and species occurs in our fauna. Homaemus Dallas. In this genus the species have the scutellum covering hemielytra except at base; connexivum narrowly exposed except at apex of abdomen; orifices situated near the coxae, extended in a long groove with narrow parallel raised margins, curved forward laterally ; and the tibiae sulcate above. H. aeneifrons (Say). (PI. xviii, I.) Longs Exp. to St. Peters River, ii, 299, 1824. Velvety brown, very variable in shade, with indefinite darker markings on pronotum and scutellum which become scarcely appreciable in the darker specimens; head black with violaceous iridescence; connexivum spotted. Dorsal surface closely punc- tured; head with decumbent pale pubescence. Length 6.5-9 mm. I have taken this species in large numbers in late fall in the White Mountains by sweeping Solidago. It is very rare in the lowlands, but extends far to the south in mountainous regions. Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Scotland, 30 July, 1904, 10 Aug., 1905 (B. H. W.); Litchfield, 16 Sept., 1908 (L. B. W.); Colebrook, 1 Sept., 1911 (W. M. Wheeler). Subfamily ODONTOTARSINAE. In this group the abdomen is destitute of stridulatory areas, and many of the species are less convex than in the preceding, although generally equally rounded above and below. Of the few North American forms, one is found within our limits. Eurygaster Laporte. The species of this genus have the connexivum and costal margin of hemielytra exposed; orifices distant from the coxae, prolonged in a short straight groove, and the tibiae sulcate above. E. alternata (Say). (Pl. xvi, 5.) Am. Ent., iu, pl. 43, 1828. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: SCUTELLERIDAE. 783 Light to dark brown, variably marked, the median line with a more or less prominent pale streak widening posteriorly, two short vittae at base of scutellum and margin of corium more or less pale; dorsal punctures more or less blackened; connexivum spotted ; tibiae minutely spinulose. Length 7-10 mm. Taken by sweeping Carex and other plants, generally in swampy places. Thompson, 3 Aug., 1892 (A. P. M.); New Haven, 18 June, 1902 CaaS). 8 June, 19004 -CW. E. B:); 4 Aug., 1904, CH. L.-V.), 9) June, 1905, 17 July, 1908, 18 June, 1911 (B. H. W.); Scotland, 25 July, 1904. Portland, 15 Aug., 1913 (B. H. W.); Litchfield, 31 May, 1913 (L. B. W.); Meriden, 19 June, 1914 (H. L. J.) ; Cornwall, 9 June, 1920 (K. F. C.). 3 a . ' . ‘ 1 = = ~ ‘ Be - \ } ~ ‘ ' ae - ve ae ‘ t - - + = = . « . = \ : abbas, 742, 745. abbotii, 43, 44. abbreviata, 292, 203. abbreviatus, 720. abdominalis (Deltocephalus), 106 nie (Eugnathodus), 146. (Melanolestes), 682, 683. abieticolens, 330. abietinus, 328. abietis (Aspidiotus), 371, 372. (Chermes), 320. (Lachnus), 262. abjecta, 228. abnormis (Dikraneura), 140. (Euhaematopinus), 22. abutilonea, 340. Acalypta, 696, 608. Acanalonia, 38. Acanaloniinae, 26, 38. Acanthia, 412. Acanthiidae, 408. Acanthocephala, 747. Acanthocephalini, 747. acanthopus var. americanus, 21. Acanthosomatinae, 753, 760. acericola (Phenacoccus), 352. (Pulvinaria), 355, 356. acerifoliae, 286 aceris (Aleurodes), 336. (Neoprociphilus), 324. Achilinae, 26, 20. Acholla, 686, 680. Acinopterus, 90, 133. Aconura, 90, I106. Acrosternum, 759, 767. acteae, 344. Acucephalini, 85. Acucephalus, 85, 86. acuminatus (Acinopterus), I (Evacanthus), 8o. (Glossonotus), 184, 185. (Oncerotrachelus), 678. acus, 106, IIS. Acutalis, 172, 180. acuticauda, I16. acutus (Aradus), 741, 744. (Platymetopius), 100, 102. Adelphocoris, 561, 610. adonidum, 354. INDEX adustus, 611, 612. aeneifrons, 782. aequalis, 741, 742. eee 50. agilis (Dicyphus), 470. ATF: (Eulachnus), 270. agrestis, 85. albatus, 433, 445. var. albatus, 433, 445. similis, 433, 445. vittiscutis, 4335-445: albescens, 175. albifrons (Acucephalus), 86. (Macrosiphum), 305, 306. albigulus, 492, 493. alboneura, 152, 154. albonotata, 419, 420. albonotatus, AB2 CAB. var. albonotatus, A432; 437. compar, 433, 438. tinctus, 432, 437. alboradialis, 432, 430. albostriella, 147. var. fulveola, 148. wahlbergi, TAGE TAG: Alebra, 147. hie Alepidia, 537. Aleurochiton, 335, 336. Aleuroplatus, 335, 330: Aleyrodes, 335, 344. Aleyrodidae, 2323385 Aligia, 90. alliariae, 308. alni (Calaphis)),i27e277 (Neolygus), 580, 584. (Orthotylus), 512, 521. alnicenatus, 463, 466. alnicola (Dee Otay 487, 480. (Psallus), 462, 468. alnifoliae, 280. alternata (Arctocorisa), 387, 380. (Eurygaster), 782. alternatus (Archimerus), 748. (Idiocerus), 62. Alveotingis, 698, 707. Alydidae, 385, 749. Alydini, 749, 750. Alydus, 750. Amalopota, 40, 41. ambrosiae, 300. 786 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. amelanchiericolens, 305, 300. americana (Chionaspis), 362. (Eriosoma), 313. (Microvelia), 419, 420. (Orthezia), 348. (Penthimia), 81. CRanatra) ;40rT. (Tetraphleps), 668. americanae, 352, 353. americanum, 312, 313. americanus (Lethocerus), 307. (Ochterus), 391. (Periphyllus), 285. (Rhacognathus), 772. (Saltusaphis), 290. (Symydobius), 281. Amnestus, 779, 780. amoenus (Macrotylus), 474. (Neoborus), 561, 562. var. amoenus, 561. scutellaris, 562, 563. signatus, 562. (Pilophorus), 538, 542. ampelopsidis, 187, 189. Amphiscepa, 38. Amphorophora, 255, 301. amyotil, 43, 45. Anasa, 748. anchorago, 771. ancorifer, 463. ancy lus), 371.1372: Aneurus, 739. angulata (Aphrophora), 212, 213. (Gargaphia), 704. aneulifera (Draeculacephala), 78. (Lepyronia), 221, 224. angustatus (Cymus), 716, 717. (Platymetopius), 100, 102. (Scolops), 28. angustulus, 632, 635. Anisops, 407. Anisoscelini, 747. annulata (Aphrophora), 212, 2109. (Calaphis), 275, 277. (Psylla), 248, 240. annulatus (Nabis), 672, 673. (Plagiognathus), 431, 442. var. cuneatus, 431, 442. nigrofemoratus, 432, 443. annulicornis, 688. annulipes, 690, 601. Anoecia, 254, 256, 258. Anotia, 40, 42. Antarctophthirus, 23. antennalis, 616, 624. antennata, 707. antennator, 748. antennatus, 22. Anthocoridae, 384, 665. [ Bull. Anthocorinae, 666, 667. Anthocoris, 667. anthracina, 416. anthracinus, 118, 121. Antillocoris, 730, 731. Anuraphis, 255, 290, 208. aonidum, 376. Apateticus, 770, 773. Aphalara, 243, 244. Aphanus, 732, 733. apterus (Halticus), 409. (Phlepsius), 126, 129. Aphelonema, 36, 37. Aphid, apple grain, 300. cabbage, 208. choke cherry, 2093. corn leaf, 294. green apple, 205. hickory gall, 330. hop, 304. pineapple gail, 320. pine bark, 330. potato, 300. rose, 300. rosy apple, 208. Spiraea, 207. spruce gall, 320. strawberry, 303. turnip, 205. viburnum, 297. willow, 2096, 307. woolly, 251. Aphididae, 23, 250, 253. Aphidini, 253, 255, 200. aphidioides, 409, 50. aphidiphagus, 487, 480. Aphis, 255, 279, 290, 203, 303. Aphrophora, 211. Aphrophorinae, 200, 211. apicalis (Barberiella), 657. (Cixius), 20. (Lygus), 573, 578. (Stachyocnemus), 751. apicatus, 105, III. apiculata, 300. Apiomerinae, 677, 684. Apiomerus, 684. appalachianus, 402. approximatus (Aradus), 741, 744. (Lygus), 573, 574. (Prociphilus), 322, 323. aptera, 688. Apterus, 4090. Aquarius, 659, 660. aquaticus, 300. Aradidae, 384, 738. Aradinae, 738. Aradus, 740. arborea, 757. No. 34.]| Archasia, 172, 192. Archimerus, 748. Arctocorisa, 387. arctostaphyli, 118, 121. arcuata (Cicadula), 143, 144. (Corythucha), 700, 702. var. arcuata, 700, 702. mali, 700, 702. arcuatus, 193, 195. areolatus, 104, 106. argenticollis, 661. Arilus, 686, 6809. armigera, 740. arquata, 204. artemisicola, 306. arundinis, 291, 290. asarumis, 344. asclepiadifolii, 305, 307. asclepiadis (Aphis), 293. (Myzocallis), 280. asini, 20. Asiphum, 320. Asopinae, 753, 770. Aspidiotus, 360, 371. aspidistrae, 3606. associata, 700. associatus, 430. Asterodiaspis, 349. Asterolecanium, 340. Asthenidea, 666. Atarsos, 253. ater (Capsus), 571. var. semiflavus, 572. tyrannus, 572. (Pissonotus), 40. atlantica, 260, 264. atlanticus, 735, 736. atra (Galgupha), 777. (Phylloscelis), 28. var. albovenosa, 28, 20. Atractotomus, 429, 461. atrinotatus, 582, 580. atriplicis, 291, 208. atritylus, 581, 584. atrolabes, 152, 153. atropunctatus, 127, 131. attenuatus, 324. Atymna, 172, 108. audax, 687. Aulacaspis, 360, 360. Aulacizes, 73, 75. auletes, 239. aurantil, 376, 377. aureoviridis, 151, 153. ~ auronitens, 95, 96. australis, 417. avenae, 290, 300. axialis, 47. azaleae, 351. HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. Back-swimmers, 404. bactriana, 205. bakeri, 291, 208. Balclutha, 91, 145. balli (Chlorotettix), 139, 140. (Deltocephalus), 106, 116. (Thripsaphis), 200. Banasa, 750, 768. banksi, 301. barbata, 186, 187. barberi (Gelastocoris), 393. (Pselliopus), 686. Barberiella, 655, 657. Barce, 6090. basalis (Aradus), 741, 743. (Ceresa), 175, 176. (Gixtus))933, (Macropsis), 67, 68. (Orthaea), 727. (Polymerus), 508, 599. basicornis, 512, 515. basivitta, 53. beckii, 378. belfragei (Archasia), 192. (Protenor), 740. belfragii (Lygus), 580, 593. (Metatropiphorus), 674. _ bells, 133; 136) bellus, 281. Belonochilus, 712, 715. Belostoma, 396, 397. Belostomatidae, 383, 306. Benacus, 396, 397. Beosini, 722, 732. berberidis, 300. betuella, 275, 277. betulae (Deraeocoris), 486, 480. (Euceraphis), 277, 270. betulaecolens, 275, 277. biceps, 694. bicincta, 210. bicolor, 280. bifasciata, 67, 68. bifida, 76. biguttatus, 684. bilineata, 228, 220. var. infuscatus, 230. pallidus, 230. bilineatus, 770. bimaculata (Cosmopepla), 765. (Gypona), 83, 84. (Thelia), 183. binotata, 174. binotatus, 614. bipunctulata, 83. Dinrdit:. 152:-155; bisignata, 675. bivittata, 38. blatchleyi, 432, 444. 787 788 var. blatchleyi, 432, 444. nubilus, 432, 444. Blepharidopterus, 509. Blissinae, Zr; 717: Blissus, 717, 718. Boat-flies, 404. bohemani, 752. bohemanni, 460. boisduvali, 366, 367. bonnetii, 42. borealis (Anthocoris), 667. (Aradus), 742, 744. (Ceresa); 175; 176. (Deraeocoris), 486, 487. (Microvelia), 419, 421. (Oecleus), 34. (Platytylellus), 552, 553. bracteatus, 773. braggii, 302, 303. brassicae, 291, 208. brevicornis, 175, 178. Brevicoryne, 255, 290, 298. brevifurcatus, 632, 634. brevipennis, 692. brevipes, 548. brevirostris (Physatocheila), 705, 700. (Plagiognathus), 432, 441. brevis (Ceresa), 175, 178. (Euceraphis), 279. (Nabis), 673. brittannicus. 371,572 brittoni (Epiptera), 29. (Thamnotettix), 133, 134. Brochymena, 757. bromeliae (Diaspis), 366, 367. (Pseudococcus), 354. Bruchomorpha, 36. brunnea, 676. brunneus (Fulvius), 480. (Pilophorus), 538, 544. (Pissonotus), 49, 50. (Xestocephalus), 87, 88. Bryocorinae, 428, 478. bubalus, 175, 177. Buenoa, 404, 407. buenoi (Gerris), 661. (Microvelia), 419, 421. (Palmacorixa), 390. (Phytocoris), 632, 640. Buffalo tree hopper, 177. Bug, bed, 660. chinch, 718. clover root mealy, 354. common mealy, 354. false chinch, 718. four-lined, 607. grass spittle, 227. harlequin cabbage, 767. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. lace, 605. light apple red, 571. long-tailed mealy, 354. mealy, 354. squash, 740. tarnished plant, 575. wheel, 680. bullata, 37, 38. bullatus, 7109. var. discopterus, 719. burmeisteri, 676. burnetii, 42. bursarius, 327. buxi (Pinnaspis), 370. (Psylla), 248, 240. Bythoscopinae, 58. Bythoscopus, 59. caerulea, 776. caesar, 505. Calacanthia, 400. Calaphis, 274, 275. calceata, 766. californicum, 305, 307. californicus, 714. Caliscelini, 35. Callicorixa, 387, 300: Caliipterina, 254, 273, 274. Callipterini, 254, 271. Callipterus, 281. Calocoris, 561, 610. Calophya, 244, 246. calthae, 245. calva (Banasa), 768. (Micrutalis), 181. camelus, 192. var. viridis, 193. campestris (Liburnia), 53, 55. (Lygus), 573, 575. Camptobrochis, 484. Campylenchta, 171, 173. Campylomma, 429, 430. canadensis (Lygus), 580, 505. var. binotatus, 582, 505. (Macropsis), 67, 68. (Neoborus), 562, 565. (Pseudocnemodus), 729. canaliculatus, 661, 662. candidatus, 512, 517. canicularis, 239, 240. capitata, 522. capitis, 18. capreae, 200, 30I. Capsidae, 422. Capsinae, 428, 550. Capsini, 550, 560. Capsus, 560, 571. cardinalis, 561. cardui, 201, 203. [ Bull. No. 34.] caricis var. vagus, 511. carinata, 684. carinatus, 96, 98. carolinensis (Brochymena), 757. (Narvesus), 680. carpinicola, 248, 240. carpinicolens, 304, 307. carueli, 366, 367. caryae (Chionaspis) 362, 363. (Lecanium), 357, 358. (Longistigma), 257. (Lygus), 582, 588. var. subfuscus, 582, 588. (Microcentrus), 172. (Monellia), 2709. (Phytocoris), 645, 652. (Plagiognathus), 433, 448. caryaecaulis, 330. caryella, 270. Carynota, 172, 182. castaneae (Atymna), 100. (@alaphis)).°275)) 277. (Phylloxera), 330, 331. castaneoides, 275, 277. Catonia, 20, 30. catulus, 512, 513. celtidis-gemma, 246, 247. celtidis-mamma, 246, 247. celtidis-vesiculum, 246, 247. Cenchrea, 40, 41. Centromelus, 678. Centrotinae, 171. cephalanthi, 203. cerasi (Myzus), 302, 303. (Psylla) 248, 240. cerasifoliae, 292, 203. Ceratocapsini, 497, 524. Ceratocapsus, 524, 525. Cercopidae, 24, 200. Cercopinae, 200. Ceresa, 172, 175. Chaitophorina, 254, 273, 281. Chaitophorus, 255, 281. Chariesterini, 747, 748. Chariesterus, 748. Chartoscirta, 410. Chermes, 253, 320. Chermesidae, 253, 320. Chermidae, 243. Chiloxanthus, 400. Chinch bug, 718. Chionaspis, 361. Chlamydatus, 420, 430. chlamydatus, 134, 136. chlorionis, 512, 514. Chlorochroa, 759, 760. chloromera, 239, 241. Chlorotettix, 90, 138. chrysanthemi, 433, 444. HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. 789 chrysanthemicola, 2096. Chrysomphalus, 360, 376. Cicadella, 74, 76. Cicadellidae, 24, 56. Cicadellinae, 58, 73. Cicadidae, 23, 238. Cicadula, 91, 142. cicutae, 290. ciliata, 700, 702. ciliatus, 134, 136. Cimex, 669. Cimicidae, 384, 668. Cimicinae, 660. Cinctitrons! 30,131 cinctipes, 755. cinctus (Cyrtolobus), 194, 197. (Hutettix); 123) 124: (Pselliopus), 686. ~ (sehinus); er cinerea (Gypona), 81, 83. _ (Piesma), 694. cinereus, I93, 195. cinnamomeus (Aradus), 740, 745. (Oliarus); 32033: cinnamopterus, 538. circumcinctus (Perillus), 771. (Platytylellus), 552, 555. circumflexum, 302, 303. citri (Halticus), 490. (Pseudococcus), 354. Cixiinae, 26, 32. Cixiis, 2oregzuace clandestina, 550. var. dorsalis, 550, 551. ventralis, 550, 551. claricornis, 470, 471. Clastoptera, 211, 230. clavata, 700. clavatus, 538, 544. clavigenitalis, 580, 581, 593. claviger, 354. clavigera, 728. clitellarius,. 134) 135. clitoriae, 704. Clivineminae, 427, 480. Cnemodus, 724, 720. cnici, 306, 307. Coccidae, 23, 346. Coccinae, -347, 354. coccinea (Empoasca), 152, 154. (Graphocephala), 77. var. teliformis, 78. Coccobaphes, 560, 571. Coccus, 355, 356. cockerelli, 354. Coenus, 758, 764. cognatus (Idiocerus), 62. (Oncopsis), 70, 72. Collaria, 546, 547. T20 collaris, 134, 135. collina, I55. collitus, 126, 128. coloepium, 33, 34. colon, 611, 614. var. amiculus, 614. castus, 614. colon, 614. colonus, 614. Colopha, 315, 316. colophoidea, 316. colorata, 30. comes, 160. var. basilaris, 150, 161. infuscata, I6I. maculata, I6T. rubra, I6T. scutellaris, I6I. vitis, 161. ZACZAaG, IOl. commissuralis, 567. communis (Helochara), 77. (Lygus), 582, 590. compactus, 105, I10. compressa, 387, 390. comstocki, 371, 373. concava, 200. concolor, 511, 514. configuratus, 105, 108. confluens (Phytocoris), 644, 650. (Lopidea), 502. confluenta (Capsus), 502. (Saldula) 403: conformis, 660. confusus (Lygus), 580, 584. (Trigonotylus), 548. conica, 38. consolidatus, 329, 330. consors (Aradus), 741, 743. (Scaphoideus), 95, 97. conspersipes, 641, 643. conspersus, 750. conspicuus, 20. conspurcatus, 616, 626. constans, 175, 178. constricta, 60. constrictus, 727. contracta, 700, 7OI. cooleyi, 329, 330. Cootie, 18. coquebertii, 43, 44. Coquillettia, 474, 475. corculus, 747, 748. cordata, 283. Coreidae, 385, 746. Coreinae, 746. Coreini, 747, 748. coreopsidis, 292, 203. coriacea, 415, 416. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVENVs Corimelaena, 777, 778. Corixa, 387, 300. Corixidae, 383, 386. Corizidae, 385, 751. Coriziniz, 751,752" Corizus, 752. Cornaphis, 320, 321. corni (Anoecia), 258. (Chionaspis), 362, 363. (Lecanium), 358. cornicola, 433, 450. cornifoliae, 293. cornuparvum, 357. corporis, 18. corrugatans, 322. corticevivens, 617, 620. cortitectus, 632, 638. (Bull. coryli (Macrosiphum), 305, 307. (Myzocallis), 280. (Trialeurodes), 340, 341. Corythucha, 698, 699. Cosmopepla, 758, 765. costalis (Monellia), 279. (Zeridoneus), 727. coweni, 287, 288. crassicornis (Corizus), 752. (Lampracanthia), 415, 416. crassipes (Apiomerus), 684. (Pilophorus), 538, 542. crassus, 734. crataegi (Eriosoma), 313. (Glossonotus), 184, 185. (Idiocerus), 62, 63. (Macrosiphum), 306, 307. crataegifoliae, 291, 208. crenatus, 741, 742. crevecoeuri, 159, 163. Criocoris, 429, 460. Criomorphus, 20. cristata, 186. cristatus, 680. crocea, 47. Crophius, 721. crotonis, 380. cruciata, 684. cruciatus (Elasmostethus), 770. (Orthotylus), 512, 516. (Scaphoideus), 95, 96. cruentata, 148, 140. Cryphula, 734, 736. Cuckoo-spit, 206. culiciformis, 680. cuneata, 504. cuneatus, 118, I10. cuprescens, 100, 102. cursitans, 666. CULTSII 1 1O, 122. curtulus (Mesomiris), 540. (Tollius), 751: No. 34.] curvipes, 260, 267. custator, 766. cyanophylli, 371, 373. Cyclokara, 40, 41. Cydnidae, 385, 776. Cydninae, 777, 778. Cydnini, 779. cydoniae, 700, 701. Cylapinae, 427, 479. Cylapini, 479, 480. Cylapus, 480. Cyminae, 711, 715. Cymimi, 716. Cymus, 710. cynicus, 773. cypraceus, 134, 138. Cyrtolobus, 172, 193. Cyrtopeltis, 476. Cyrtorhinus, 500, 511. Dactylopiinae, 347, 348. davisi (Aphis), 292, 2093. (Deraeocoris), 487, 401. (Largidea), 480. (Lopidea), 502. (Megamelus), 48. (Pamillia), 535. (Phytocoris), 616, 624. (Plagiognathus), 433, 452. debilis, 105, 112. decipiens, 134, 137. declivata; 186, 187. decolor, 474. decorata, 187, IOI. decorus, 126, 127. deducta, 270. degeeri, 43. delicata (Clastoptera), 231, 232. var. binotata, 233. lineata, 232. (Gypona), 83. delicatus (Pissonotus), 49, 50. (Plagiognathus), 433, 448. delius, 764. Delphacinae, 26, 45. Deltocephalus, 90, 104. Dendrocoris, 759, 760. depictus (Ligyrocoris), 725. (Phytocoris), 645, 654. (Pilophorus), 538, 539. Deraeocorinae, 427, 481. Deraeocoris, 481, 484. Derbinae, 26, 30. destructor, 300. detecta, 52, 54. diadema, 680. Diaditus, 678, 680. dianthi, 303. Diaphnidia, 500, 522. HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. 791 Diaspinae, 347, 360. Diaspis, 360, 366. diceros, 175. Dichrooscytus, 561, 597. Dictyonota, 696, 699. Dictyophora, 27. Dictyophorinae, 26, 27. dictyospermi, 376, 377. Dicyphinae, 427, 476, Dicyphus, 476. diervillae, 305, 307. diffidens, 735. diffusus, 725. digitulus, 526, 533. Dikraneura, 147, 148. Dilachnus, 257, 260. dilatus, 470. dimidiata (Banasa), 768. (Catonia), 30. dimidiatus, 617, 630. Diplodus, 686. dirhodum, 305, 307. discoidalis, 194, 108. discolor (Myzocallis), 280. (Teratocoris), 547. disconotus, 721. GISCOES, 710) 717. discrepans, 476, 477. dislocatus, 607, 608. var. affinis, 608, 600. coccineus, 607, 608. flavidus, 608, 600. goniphorus, 607, 608. gradus, 607, 600. limbatellus, 607, 600. marginalis, 608, 600. nigriclavus, 607, 600. nigritus, 608, 610. pallipes, 608, 610. residuus, 607, 600. rubellus, 607, 608. scutatus, 607, 600. dispar (Globiceps), 510. (Myzus), 302, 303. distinctus (Megamelus), 20. (Merocoris), 746. (Oncopsis), 70, 73. distinguendus, 62. diversus, 641, 642. dolabratus, 547. dorsalis (Micrutalis), 181. (Oedancala), 721. (Orthotylus), 513, 520. (Pissonotus), 49, 50. (Stenocranus), 46. var. vittatus, 46. dorsata, 36. Dorydiella, 80, 91. Draeculacephala, 73, 78. 792 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. drakei (Ceratocapsus), 525, 533. (Psallus), 463, 464. Drakella, 696. Drepanaphis, 254, 286. Drepanosiphina, 273, 285. Drepanosiphum, 254, 286. Driotura, 90, I17. Drymus 733, 734. dubiosa 186, 192. duplex, 382. duzeei (Aradus), 741, 743. (Idiocerus), 62, 63. eburatus, 133, 135. echinocacti var. cacti, 366, 368. Echinophthirus, 23. Echinopthiridae, 18, 23. Ectrichodiinae, 677, 684. edentula, 40, 41. elaeagni, 303. Elasmostethus, 760, 770. Electric light bugs, 396. elegans (Buenoa), 407. (Corythucha), 700, 702. (Dichrooscytus), 597. elephantis, 18. Elidiptera, 20. elliptica, 37, 38. elongatus (Coccus), 356. (Euscelis), 118, 122. (Microphylellus), 455, 458. (Saltusaphis), 290. Emblethis, 733. Emesa, 690, 602. Emesinae, 677, 690. Empoa, 147, 157. Empoasca, 147, I5I. Enchenopa, 171, 174. Enderleinellus, 19, 22. Enicocephalidae, 384, 6093. Entylia, 172, 205. Epidiaspis, 360, 368. Epiptera, 20. eragrostidis, 316. erectus, 632, 640. Eremocoris, 734, 735. ericae, 714, 715. erigeronensis, 300, 307. Eriococcus, 349, 351. Eriosoma, 312. Eriosomatini, 311, 312. erosa, 603. errabunda, 690. erratica, 21. Erythroneura, 147, 159. Essigella, 257, 271. Euarmosus, 484. Eucalymnatus, 355, 356 Euceraphis, 274, 277. Eugnathodus, 91, 146. Euhaematopinus, 20, 22. Eulachnus, 257, 270. euonymi, 362, 363. eupatoricolens, 306, 307. eupatorii, 307. Eupteryginae, 147. eurinus, 750. Eurychilopterella, 481, 484. Eurygaster, 782. eurysternus, 20. Euscelis, 90, 117. euschistoides, 762. Euschistus, 750, 761. Eustictus, 481. Eutettix, 90, 122. Euthochtha, 748. Evacanthus,.:73; 80. exaptus. 77134772. excultus, 126, 127. eximius, 632. exitiosus, 118, 119. exsanguis, 687. extrema, 187, 188. extrusus, I18, 120. fabae, 157, 158. fagi (Lygus), 581, 583. (Phyllaphis), 287. Fahrenholzi, 20. falicus, 71S. falleni, 742, 745. famelicus, 476, 477. fasciatus (Ceratocapsus), 525, 526. (Lygus), 573, 579. var. fasciatus, ‘573: viridiusculus, 573, 580. (Oncopeltus), 712. fasciolus, 486, 487. var. castus, 487, 4890. fascipennis, 245. felti, 46. femoratus, 402. fenestratus, 193, 194. fernaldi, 344, 345. ferrugineoides, 67, 60. ferus (Eremocoris), 735. (Nabis), 672, 673. fieberi, 149, I5I. filicis, 470. Fiorina, 361, 370. floriniae, 370. fiskei, 730. Fitchia, 686, 688. fitchi (Aleyrodes), 340. (Amalopota), 45, 42. (Idiocerus), 62, 63. (Oncopsis), 70, 72. Fitchiella, 36. [Bull. No. 34.| HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. fitchii (Aphis), 300. (Thamnotettix), 134, 137. flabellatus, 50, 51. Flatinae, 26, 39. flava, 202. flavescens, 152, 154. flavicephala, 202. flavicornis, 433, 436. flavicosta, I05, III. flavida, 246. flaviguttula, 202, 203. var. definita, 203. flavipennis, 140. flavomarginatus, 672, 673. Mavoscuta, 155, 156. flavoscutellatus, 431, 440. flavosparsus, 51I, 513. fletcheri, 357, 358. floccosa, 248, 240. flocculosum, 288, 280. MOCCIIS), 320; 330. floridana, 91. flumineum, 308. fodiens, 314. folsomi, 291, 293. fonscolombii, 247. fontinalis, 419, 420. ._forbesi (Aphis), 291, 203. (Aspidiotus), 371, 373. forbesii, 336. Forda, 256. foveata (Liburnia), 53, 54. (Merragata), 676. foveola, 330, 331. francilloni, 43, 44. franciscanus, 32. fraterna, 600, 601. fraternus (Peritrechus), 731. (Plagiognathus), 431, 430. (Platytylellus), 552, 557. var. discifer, 552, 550. regalis, 552, 550. rubromarginatus, 552, 558. fraxinicola, 250. fraxinifolii, 322. Retus. 777A. Frog-hoppers, 206. frontalis, 100, 103. var. nigrifrons, 103. Fulgoridae, 23, 24. fuliginosus, 193, 194. Fulgorinae, 26. Fullawaya, 288. Fullawayina, 254, 273, 288. fulvicornis, 747. fulvidorsum, 126, 130. fulvidus, 432, 447. Fulvini, 480. fulvipes, 598, 603. Fulvius, 480. fulvus (Myndus), 35. (Phytocoris), 641, 642. (Platymetopius), 100, 102. fumatus, 617, 620. fumida, 147, 148. fumidus (Alebra), 147, 148. (Noctuocoris), 523. fumipenellus, 280. funestus, 742, 744. furcata, 292, 204. furfura, 362, 364. furvus, 538, 530. fusca, (Pacasa)..07m: (Ranatra), 402. fuscinus, 525, 531. fuscipennis (Cyrtolobus), 193, 195. (Phlepsius), 126, 128. fusiformis, 615. galbanatus, 139, 140. galeaformis, 248, 240. galeator, 748. Galeatus, 696, 703. galeopsidis, 303. Galgulus, 392. Galgupha, 777. galliformis, 350. gammaroides, II7. Garganus, 560, O15. Gargaphia, 608, 704. Gargara, 171,. 172: gaurae, 305, 307. gaurina, 307. Gelastocoridae, 383, 392. Gelastocoris, 392. Gelchossa, 608, 704. gveminatus, 716. geminus, 561, 562. geneseensis, 581, 585. genistae, 172. Geocorinae, 712, 718. Geocoris, 718, 719. Geoica, 318. Geoiciini, 311, 318. Georgia, 312, 314. Geotomus, 779. gerhardi, 598, 606. Gerridae, 383, 658. Gerrini, 650. Gerris, 659. gibbosa, 221, 223. gilvipes, 510. elaber, 561, 563. elandulosus, 306. eleditschiae, 67. Globiceps, 500, 510. Glossonotus, 172, 184. gloverii, 378. 794 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. glyceriae, 285. Gobiashia, 315, 316. godingi, 184. Gonianotini, 722, 733. Gossyparia, 340. gossypii, 292, 294. gothica, 76. gracilis (Alepidia), 537. (Dilachnus), 260, 263. (Mimoceps), 546. graminis, 315, 316. graminum, 302. granarium, 305, 307. grandis, 486, 480. granulata, 740. Graphocephala, 73, 77. Graphosomatinae, 753, 754. Grass spittle bug, 227. gravicornis (Macrosiphum), 306, 308. (Thecabius), 325. Greenhouse Orthezia, 348. grisea (Catonia), 30, 31. (Ophiderma), 202, 204. griseus, 307. grossocerata, 707. grossus, 481, 484. 'guttatus, 40, 50. guttulatus, 655. Gypona, 81. Gyponinae, 58, 8o. Hadronema, 501. Haematomyzidae, 18. Haematomyzus, 18. Haematopinidae, 18, 19. Haematopinoides, 20. Haematopinus, 19, 20, 22. Haemodipsus, 19, 22. Hallodapini, 428, 474. Halobates, 662, 663. Hallobatini, 659, 662. Halosalda, 4009. Halticini, 497, 408. Halticus, 498, 490. Halyini, 755, 750. hamamelidis, 328. Hamamelistes, 256, 328. Hammatocerinae, 677. Harmostes, 751. Harmostini, 751. harnedi, 408. hartigii, 248. hartii, I59, 160. Harvest flies, 238. hawleyi, 611, 613. var. ancora, 613. fissus, 613. hawleyi, 613. pallidulus, 613. Hebridae, 383, 675. hebroides, 676. Hecalus, 89, 91. hederae, 371, 373. heidemanni (Corythucha), 700, 701. (Gelchossa), 704, 705. (Hesperophylum), 665. (Lopidea), 503. (Paracalocoris), 611. (Pilophorus), 538. (Sericophanes), 545. helena, 190, 200. helianthi, 292, 294. Heliria; 172, 185. Helochara, 74, 77: Hemichionaspis, 361, 366. hemisphaerica, 350. Heraeus, 723, 725. Herpis, 20. hesione, 662. hesperidum, 356. hesperius, 662. hesperomydis, 21. Hesperophylum, 665. Hesperotingis, 698, 707. Heterocordylus, 500, 524. Heteroptera, 17, 383. Hickory lecanium, 358. hieracii, 306, 308. hilare, 767. hinei, 410, 421. hippophaes, 302, 303. hirta, 410, 411. hirticulus, 581, 594. hirtum, 408. hirtus (Corizus), 752, 753. (Labops), 501. histrio, 485, 486. histrionica (Aphelonema), 37. (Murgantia), 767. Homaemus, 782. Homoptera, 17, 23. Hoplopleura, 19, 21. Horcias, 561, 607. Hormaphidinae, 256, 328. Hormaphis, 256, 328. howardii, 302. humeralis, 760. humilis (Micracanthia), 415. (Oliarus), 32. humuli, 304. husseyi, 631, 630. Hyadaphis, 255, 290. hyalinus (Corizus), 752, 753. (Platymetopius), 100. Hyaliodes, 476, 478. Hyalopterus, 255, 290, 290. Hydrometra, 664. No. 34. Hydrometridae, 383, 663. Hygrotrechus, 6509. Hymenarcys, 758, 764. Hypogeocoris, 718, 710. Icerya, 382. ictericus, 762, 764. Idiocerus, 50, OI. illinoiensis (Erythroneura), 159, 162. (Macrosiphum), 306, 308. IInacora, 501. imbecilus, 480. imbricator./322, 323. immistus, 96, 99. impatiensicolens, 305, 308. impatientis, 204. impicta, 145, 146. implanus, 741, 743. impunctata, 30, 31. incisa, 20. incisus (Ceratocapsus), 526, 532. (Phlepsius), 126, 127. inconspicuus, 580, 587. inconstans, 739: inermis (Cyrtolobus), 193, 194, 196. (Stictocephala), 179. infirma, 678, 679. inflatus, 104, 1006. infuscatus, 645, 646. imimicus, 105, III. innumerabilis, 356. inoptis, 260. inornata, 199, 200. inornatus (Aradus), 741, 744. (Thamnotettix), 134, 138. inscripta (Draeculacephala), 78, 79. (Typhlocyba), 155, 156. inscriptus, 672, 674. insertus, 765. insidiosa, 668. insignis (Orthezia), 348. (Platytylellus), 552, 554. var. insignis, 552. fraterculus, 552, 554. (Sixeonotus), 479. insignitus, 742, 744. insitivus, 551, 556. var. angusticollis, 551, 556. instabilis, 508. insulata, 405, 407. intermedius (Cyrtolobus), 194, 197. (Halticus), 500. interstitialis, 413. interrupta, 387. interruptus, 105, I00. intricatus, 95, 98. invitus, 581, 583. Toscytus, 409. irrorata (Aphrophora), 212, 216. HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. 195 (Aulacizes), 75. (Notonecta), 405, 406. (Reuteria), 523. irroratus, 126, 128. Ischnaspis, 361, 370. Ischnodemus, 717, 718. ischnorhynchini, 716. Ischnorhynchus, 716. Isometopidae, 385. Issinae, 26, 35. Issini, 35, 37. Isthmocoris, 719. Jalysus, 738. japonica, 370. japonicus, 285. Jar-flies, 238. Jassina, 56. Jassinae, 58, 85. Jassini, 85, 89. Jassoidea, 56. Jassus, 90, 141. johnsoni (Eutettix), 123, 124. (Lygus), 582, 593. jucundus, 95, 96. juglandis, 700, 701. juglans-regiae, 371, 374. junceus, 617, 621. juniperi (Parthenicus), 499. (Pilophorus), 538, 543. juniperivora, 268. Kalmin, 713. kaltenbachii, 306, 308. Kelisia, 45, 46. kennicotti (Deraeocoris), 492, 493- (Thamnotettix), 133, 134. kennicottii, 387, 380. Kermes, 349, 350. kingii, 350. kilmani, 53, 54. kirbyii, 43, 44. kirkaldyi, 401, 402. knighti, 512, 516. : Kolenetrus, 724, 728. Kolla, 74, 76. Labops, 501. Labopini, 497, 501. laburni, 292, 294. Laccocera, 46, 51. Lachniella, 257, 268. Lachnini, 254, 256. Lachnus, 262. lachrymalis, 62, 63. lactucae (Amphorophora), 301. (Macrosiphum), 308. lacunosus, 632, 638. laetus, 538, 543. 796 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. | Bull. Lamenia, 40. | lineatocollis, 233. Lampracanthia, 410, 415. lineatus (Hecalus), 91. lanceolatum, 308. (Philaenus), 225,227, languida, 678, 670. (Poecilocapsus), 607. lanigerum, 313. lingula, 27. lanuginosa, 314. linnei, 239, 240. Largidea, 480. rg Linognathoides, 10. lariciatus, 320, 330. Linognathus, 10, 20. laricicola (Deraeocoris), 492, 493. lintneri, 362, 364. _ (Plagiognathus), 432, 452. Liosomaphis, 255, 209, 300. laricis, 260, 265. liriodendri (Macrosiphum), 305, 308. Lasiochilus, 666. (Toumeyella), 357. lasiomerus, 616, 617. littoralis (Deltocephalus), 106, 114. lateralis (Corimelaena), 778. (Salida) 4m: (Corizus), 752, 753. Livias 243 204 (Liburnia), 53, 54. lobata, 740. (Meadorus), 769. lobatus (Phlepsius), 126, 120. (Oncometopia), 74. (Scaphoideus), 95, 97. var. limbata, 74. Locust; 238: (Xantholobus), 201. longicornus, 327- latipes, 173. longirostris (Ischnaspis), 370. laureae, 582, 507. (Microphylellus), 455, 458. Leafhoppers, 56, 200. Longistigma, 254, 256, 257. apple, 154. Lopidea, 501, 502. bean-vine, 158. Lopidini, 497, 501. elm, 158. Lopus, 473, 474. grapevine, 160. Louse, body, 18. oak, 157. crab, 109. rose, 158. dog, 21. three-banded, 160. elephant, 18. Lecanium, 355, 357. head, 18. lectularius, 660. hog, 20. lepida, 143, 144. horse, 20. Lepidopsallus, 429, 470. Lepidosaphes, 361, 378. Leptobyrsa, 608, 703. jumping plant, 243. long-nosed ox, 20. short-nosed ox, 20. Leptoglossus, 747. lucida, 387, 380. Leptostyla, 704. lugens, 761. Leptoypha, 608, 706. lugubris, 742, 745. Lepyronia, 211, 220. luridula, 484. Lethaeini, 722, 733. luridus (Cymus), 716, 717. lethierryi, 157, 158. (Eutettix), 123. Lethocerus, 306, 397. (Platylygus), 572. Leucaspis, 361, 370. lusorius, 130, I4I. leucopterus, 718. lutarium, 308. Liburnia, 29, 46, 52. lutea, 179, 180. Liburniella, 46, 52. luteola, 306, 308. ligata, 410, 4II. luteolus (Phytocoris), 644, 640. Migyrocoris:-723,- 725: (Scaphoideus), 95, 90. lillianis, 608. lutescens (Aphis), 204. lilii, 305, 308. (Ceratocapsus), 525, 527. limbatus, 672, 673. limbolarius, 750. limbus, 611, 613. Limnobates, 664. Limnogonus, 650. Limnoporus, 650. Limnotrechus, 650. lineatipes, 53, 55. luteum, 304. luteus, 525, 527. lutulenta, 53, 55. Lyctocorinae, 666. Lyctocoris, 666. Lygaeidae, 385, 708. Lygaeinae, 7II, 712. Lygaeini 712: No? 34:] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. 797 Myeacus, 712, 713. Lygidea, 560, 560. Lygus, 560, 572. lyricen, 239, 240. var. engelhardti, 241. lyropicta, 285. Macrolophus, 476, 478. Macropsis, 59, 66 Macrosiphini, 254, 301. Macrosiphum, 255, 304. Macrotracheliella, 667. Macrotylus, 473, 474. maculata (Lamenia), 40, 41. (Telamona), 186, 188. maculifrontis, 193, 108. maculipennis (Livia), 244. (Macrophylellus), 455, 456. var. fuscicornis, 455, 457. maculipennis, 455, 456. maculiventris, 774. maerkeli, 540. magdalensis, 100, 103. magnicornis, 401. var. buenoi, 461. maidiradicis, 292, 204. maidis, 202, 204. 'majestus, 126, 127. major (Parabolocratus), 93, 94. (Saldula), 413. (Xerophloea), 84. mali (Dikraneura), 140. (Empoasca), 152, 154. malina, 501. malinus, 524. margaritacea, 407. marginalis, 508. marginata (Livia), 244. (Prokelisia), 47. marginatus (Gerris), 661. (Pissonotus), 40. marmorata, 700, 702. var. informis, 700, 702. marmorata, 700, 702. marmoratus, 123. martini, 664. Masked bed-bug hunter, 681. Mastopoda, 253, 311. mavortius, 720. Meadorus, 760. Mealy bugs, 353. Mecomma, 500, 510. media, 505. medicaginis, 292, 204. medium, 288, 280. Megalocoleus, 473. Megalotomus, 750. Megamelanus, 45, 47. Megamelus, 29, 45, 46, 48. meilleurti, 547. melanogaster, 134, 136. Melanolestes, 682. Melanorhopala, 698, 706. melanota, 81, 83. melanotus, 96, 90. Melanoxantherium, 288. Mielaphini,) 317,317; Melaphis, 317. melissae, 155. melsheimerii, 105, I14. Membracidae, 24, 163. Membracinae, 171. mendax, 500, 571. Menecles, 758, 765. mera, 182. Merocorinae, 746. Merccoris, 746. Merragata, 675, 676. Mesamia, 90, 94. Mesomiris, 546, 549. Mesovelia, 675. Mesoveliidae, 384, 674. Metacanthinae, 737, 738. Metatropiphorus, 671. Metrobates, 662. Mezira, 739, 740. ’ Mezirinae, 738, 739. micans, 663. Micracanthia, 410, 415. Micrelytrini, 749. Microcentrus, 171, 172. Microparsus, 254, 311. microphthalmus, 756. Microphylellus, 439, 454. microrhina, 27. Microsynamma, 429, 460. Microvelia, 416, 419. Micrutalis, 172, 181. Mictini, 747, 748. militaris, 501. mimetica, 475. Mimoceps, 546. Mindarinae, 254, 328. Mindarus, 254, 328. Mineus, 770, 772. miniatus, 459, 460. minimus, 105, 113. minor (Draeculacephala), 78, 79. (Oncopsis), 70, 72. minusculus, 470, 472. minutulus, 616, 622. minutus, 317. Miridae, 384, 422. Mirinae, 428, 545. Miris, 546, 547. miscellus, 33. misellus, 105, 100. modesta, 83. 798 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. modestus (Ceratocapsus), 525, 527. (Microphylellus), 455. (Orthotylus), 513, 519. var. immaculatus, 512, 520. (Podisus), 774, 775. mollicula, 700, 701. molliculus, 473. mollipes, 78, 70. Monalocoris, 479. Monaphidina, 254, 273. monardae, 292, 294. Monecphora, 209. monelli, 286. Monellia, 254, 274, 270. monticola, 187, 189. Mordwilkoja, 320, 325. mori, 337. var. maculata, 338. Mormidea, 759, 761. morrilli, 340, 341. morrisoni, 463, 464. morsei, 133, 135. mucida, 277, 270. multisignatus, 611. multispinosa, 680. mundus, 641. Murgantia, 758, 766. mutabilis, 500. mutica, 700. muticus (Neides), 737. (Xantholobus), 201. Myndus, 32, 34. Myodochini, 722, 723. Myodochus, 723, 724. myricae, 275. Myrmecorini, 550, 655. Myzocallis, 274, 270. Myzus, 255, 302, 303. nabali, 301, 302. Nabidae, 385, 670. Nabinae, 671. Nabini, 671. Nabis, 671. Naeogeidae, 383, 675. Naeogeus, 675. Narvesus, 678, 680. Naucoridae, 383, 402. Nava, 30, 31. nebulosus (Deraeocoris), 485. (Phlepsius), 127, 130. (Sphragisticus), 732. necopinus (Eustictus), 481. var. discretus, 481, 482. necopinus, 481. (Orthotylus), 512, 517. Nectarophora, 3009. Nectarosiphon, 255, 310. neglectus (Lygus), 580, 590. [ Bull. (Orthotylus), 513, 515. (Phytocoris), 632, 634. (Xenoborus), 567, 568. negundinis (Periphyllus), 285. (Psylla), 248, 240. Neides, 737. Neididae, 385, 737. Neidinae, 737. Neoborus, 560, 561. Neocoelidia, 90, 142. Neohaematopinus, 10, 22. Neolecanium, 357. Neoprociphilus, 320, 323. Neothomasia, 255, 281, 283. Neottiglossa, 758, 765. Nepa, 390. Nepidae, 383, 399. nerii, 205. Nerthridae, 383, 392. nervatus (Idiocerus), 61, 65. (Phyllodinus), 50, 51. nervosa, 764. nervosus, 86. Neurocolpus, 560, 615. Neuroctenus, 739. newsteadi, 378, 379. nigellus, 525, 528. niger, 740, 745. nigra (Macrotracheliella), 667. (Saissetia), 359. (Typhlocyba), 155, 156. nigrae, 283. nigricollis (Phytocoris), 631, 636. (Platytylellus), 551, 553. nigricornis, 455, 457. nigridorsum, 94. 5; nigrifrons (Thamnotettix), 134, 137. (Xestocephalus), 87. nigrinasi, 70, 72. nigripennis, 246. nigritulus, 492, 493. nigritus, 432, 44I. nigrocephalus, 525, 534. nigrofasciatum, 357, 358. nigrolineatus, 431, 443. nigronitens, 432, 435. nigropallidus, 598, 599. nigroscutellatus, 551, 557. Nionia, 85, 80. nipae, 354. Nippolachnus, 256, 258. nitenatus, 487, 401. nitens, 736. nitida, 387, 380. nitiduloides, 777. nivalis, 350, 351. Noctuocoris, 510, 523. nodosa, 728. nominatus, 105, I13. No. 34.| norvegicus, 610. Notonecta, 404. Notonectidae, 383, 404. Notonectinae, 404. notulus, 48. noveboracensis, 78, 80. novella, 60. nubilus (Deraeocoris), 485, 486. (Neurocolpus), 615. mudatus, 130, 141. numenius, 715. nymphaeae, 299, 300. Nysius, 712, 714. nyssae, 581, 590. obesa, 418. obliqua, 159, 162. var. dorsalis, 162. fumida, 160, 162. noevus, 162. obliquus, 475. var. ferrugineous, 475. oblonga, 704. obscura (Lamenia), 40. (Lygidea), 569, 570. obscurus (Chrysomphalus), 376, 377. (Lethocerus), 397. (Plagiognathus), 431, 438. var. albocuneatus, 432, 438. obtectus (Deltocephalus), 105, 110. (Phytocoris), 632, 641. obtusa (Clastoptera), 231, 235. var. achatina, 236. obtusa, 2306. testacea, 236. (Empoasca), 152, 153. (Trioza), 245, 246. ochraceus, 95, 98. Ochteridae, 383, 391. Ochterus, 301. octolineata, 81, 82. var. octolineata, 82. Stilatas, Ol. O2. oculata (Agallia), 50, 60. (Bruchomorpha), 36. oculatus (Collaria), 547. (Gelastocoris), 393. Odontotarsinae, 782. Oeciacus, 669, 670. Oecleus, 32, 34. Oedancala, 720, 721. Okanagana, 239, 242. oleae, 359, 3060. Oliarus, 32. olitorius, 141. olseni (Lepidopsallus), 470, 473. (Phytocoris), 645, 647. omnivagus, 581, 502. onagrae, 305, 308. HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. Oncerotrachelus, 678. Oncocephalus, 678, 680. Oncometopia, 73, 74. Oncopeltus, 7i2. Oncopsis, 59, 60. Oncotylini, 428, 473. ononidis, 281. onustus, 632, 638. opaca, 20, 30. opacula, 413, 414. opacus, 598, 604. opalinus, 95, 100. Ophiderma, 172, 202. Opistheuria, 550. orpiculata, AT: Orectoderus, 474, 475. oriander, 418. Ormenis, 30. ornata (Arctocorisa), 387, 389. (Liburniella), 52. ornatus (CAradus), /741,) 742: (Orthotylus), 513, 519. (Reuteroscopus), 462. Orsillini, 712. Orthaea,: 723, 727. Ortheziinae, 347. Orthezia, 347. Orthocephalus, 4098, 500. ortholobis, 362, 364. Ortholomus, 712, 714. Orthophrys, 409. Orthotylinae, 428, 497. Orthotylini, 498, 509. Orthotylus, 500, 511. osborni (Aspidiotus), 371, 374. (Balclutha), 145, 146. (Clastoptera), 231. (Deltocephalus), 106, (Liburnia), 53, 54. ostreaeformis, 371, 374. ostryae, 581, 595. Otiocerus, 40, 43. ovatus, 193, 194. Oxycareninae, 712, 721. Ozophora, 730. 116. pabulinus, 573, 579. Pachygronthinae, 712, 720. Pachypappella, 320. Pachypsylla, 244, 240. packardi, 340, 342. Pagasa, 671. pallescens, 28, 20. pallida (Corythucha), 700, 702. (Epiptera), 29, 30. (Stobaera), 51, 52. pallidicornis, 616, 618. pallidus (Amnestus), 780. (Antillocoris), 731. 199 800 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. (Idiocerus), 62, 65. pallipes (Corythucha), 700, 701. (Pissonotus), 40. (Saldula), 413; 414. Palmacorixa, 387, 3090. palmeri (Ceresa), 175, 176. (Neoborus), 561, 563. (Nionia), 80. (Phytocoris), 616, 621. paludemaris, 731. paludum, 548. . Pamithiar 524, 1525. Pangaeus, 7709. papyraceae, 328. Parabolocratus, 89, 93. Paracalocoris, 560, 610. Paracoelidea, 90, 142. parallela, 212, 214. parallelus (Euscelis), 118, 110. (Philaenus), 225, 226. parallelogramma, 736. Parasiticd 17. Paraxenetus, 655. Parlatoria, 360, 380. parrotti, 582, 580. parshleyi (Arctocorisa), 387, 389. (Lygus), 582, 586. (Psallus), 463, 465. var. fuscatus, 463, 466 parshieyi, 463, 465. Parthenicus, 408. parvula, 755. parvus, 260. pascuellus, 105, 112. pastinaceae, 299, 301. Pear psylla, 248. peckhami, 703. pectoralis, 670. pedalis, 20. Pedicinae, 18. Pedicinus, 18, 19. Pediculidae, 18. Pediculinae, 18. Pediculus, 18. pelargonii, 306, 308. pellita, 410, 411. pellucida (Diaphnidia), 522. CLiburnia)): 52;.53- Pelocoris, 402. Pemphiginae, 256, 311. Pemphigini, 311, 319. Pemphigus, 320, 320. penipecten, 632, 640. pennsylvanicum, 767. Pentacora, 400, 410. pentagona, 360. Pentagramma, 46. Pentatomidae, 385, 753. Pentatominae, 753, 755. [ Bull. Pentatomini, 755, 758. Penthimia, 8&1. perdix, 28. pergandei (Corythucha), 700, 702. (Empoasca), 152, 153. pergandii (Dilachnus), 260, 264. (Parlatoria).360: Peribalus, 750. Perigenes, 724, 727: Perillus, 770; 771. Periodical cicada, 238, 241. Periphyllus, 255, 281, 283. Peritrechus, 730; 721. perlargonii, 306, 308. perimutata, 212,207: perniciosus, 371, 375. perplexus (Idiocerus), 63. (Pilophorus), 538, 544. perryi, 350, 351. persicae, 302, 303. persicae-niger, 291, 205. personatus, 681. pettiti (Kermes), 350, 351. (Xenoborus), 567, 568. phaseoli, 310. Phenacoccus, 340, 352. Philaenus, 211, 224. Philaronia, 2117228: Phlegyas, 720. Phlepsius, 90, 125. phocae, 23. Phorodon, 255, 303, 304. Phthirius, 18, 10. Phthirpedicinus, 18, 19. Phylinae, 427, 428. Phylini, 428, 420. Phyllaphidina, 273, 287. Phyllaphis, 254, 287. Phyllodinus, 45, 50. phyllopus, 747. Phylloscelis, 27, 28. Phylloxera, 253, 330. Phylloxeridae, 253. Phymata, 602. Phymatidae, 384, 602. Phymatinae, 692. Physatocheila, 698, 705. Physokermes, 355, 360. Phytocoris, 560, 615. piceae, 360. piceicola, 463, 460. piceus (Hypogeocoris), 7109. (Megamelus), 48. picipes, 682. Pictaseorsic pictifrons, 35. picturata, 730. pictus (Deltocephalus), 104, 108. (Trepobates), 663. No. 34.| Piesma, 694. Piesmidae, 384, 604. pilferus, 21. Pilophorini, 497, 537. Pilophorus, 537, 538. pilosellus, 669. pilosulus (Alydus), 750. (Antillocoris), 732. pilosus, 525, 520. Pindus, 686, 687. pineti, 269. pini (Cixius), 33, 34. (Dilachnus), 260, 261. (Essigella), 271. pinicola (Deraeocoris), 492, 493. (Dilachnus), 260, 262. (Phytocoris), 641, 642. (Schizoneura), 328. pinicorticis, 329, 330. pinifoliae (Chermes), 320, 330. (Chionaspis), 362, 365. var. heterophyllae, 362, 365. pinivora, 260, 267. Pinnaspis, 361, 370. Piratinae, 677, 682. piricola, 368. pisi, 306, 300. Pissonotus, 45, 48. Pithanus, 546. placidus (Podisus), 774, 775. (Thamnotettix), 134, 138. plagiatus, 573, 578. plagifer, 567, 568. Plagiognathus, 420, 431. platanoides, 286. platycnemis, 407. Platylygus, 560, 572. Platymetopius, 90, 100. Platytylellus, 550, 551. Plea, 408. plebejus, 725. Pleinae, 404, 407. plenus, 728. plexa, 705. Ploiaria, 690. Ploiariola, 690. plumbea, 418. plumosus, 330. Pnirontis, 678. Podisus, 770, 774. Podopini, 755. Podops, 755. Poecilocapsus, 561, 607. poecilus, 485. politus (Euschistus), 762. (Plagiognathus), 431, 434. var. flaveolus, 431, 434. pallidicornis, AGB wAsS.: Polymerus, 561, 508. HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. Sol Polyplax, 10, 21. pomi, 292, 205. populi, 321. populi-caulis, 327. populicola, 283. populi-conduplifolius, 324, 325. populifoliae, 280. populi-globuli, 327. populi-monilis, 325. populi-transversus, 326, 327. populi-venae, 327. porosus, 302, 303. porphyrea, 182. potoria, 143, 145. praeusta, 390. pratensis, 573. var. oblineatus, 573, 575. rubidus, 574, 577. rubrosignatus, 574, 570. strigulatus, 573, 576. proboscideus, 741, 743. Prociphilus, 320, 321. productus, 96, 08. Prokelisia, 45, 47. propinquus, 672, 673. Prostemminae, 671. Protenor, 740. protensa, 401, 402. proteus (Clastoptera), 231, 234. Var. pini, 234. saint-cyri, 234. vittata, 234. (Parlatoria), 380, 381. provancheri (Diaphnidia) , 522. (Idiocerus), 62, 65. proximus, 598, 601. pruinosa, 30. pruinosum, 358, 359. prunastri, 358. pruni (Corythucha), 700, 701. (Oncopsis), 70, 72. (Phorodon), 304. prunifoliae, 299, 300. Psallus, 429, 462. Pselliopus, 686. Pseudaonidia, 382. pseudoavenae, 292, 205. pseudobrassicae, 292, 295. pseudobyrsa, 321. Pseudocnemodus, 724, 720. Pseudococcus, 349, 353. pseudocoryli, 305, 309. pseudodirhodum, 305, 300. pseudorosae, 306, 300. Pseudoxenetus, 537. Psylla, 244, 247. Psyllidae, 23, 243. Psyllopsis, 244, 250. ptericolens, 305, 309. 802 CONNECTICUT GEOL. pteridis, 311. Pterocomma, 288, 289. Pterocommina, 254, 273, 288. Ptochiomera, 724, 728. pubescens (Kermes), 350, 351. (Neoborus), 562, 500. (Ophiderma), 202, 203. pubis, 19. Publilia, 172, 206. puella (Liburnia), 52, 53. (Phytocoris), 644, 645, 653. pugnax, 761. pulicaria, 778. pulicarius (Chlamydatus), 430. (Xestocephalus ), 87. Pulvinaria, 355. pumila, 30, 31. pumilus, 525, 531. punctata, 145. punctatellus, 280. punctatipes, 433, 450. var. dispar, 433, 45!. punctatipes, 433, 450. punctatus, 257. punctifrons, 143. var. repleta, 143. punctipes, 508, 602. purchasi, 382. purpurascens, 306, 309. pusillus (Amnestus ), 780. (Phlepsius ), 126, 120. Pycnoderes, 479. Pygolampis, 678, 679. pyricola (Eriosoma), 312, 314. (Psylla), 248. pyrioides, 704. Pyrrhocoridae, 384. quadrangularis, 221. quadridentata, 401. quadrilineatus, 741, 742. quadrinotata, 212, 213. quadri-punctata, 59, 60. quadripustulata, 757. quercalbae, 581, 591. querci (Anoecia), 258, 259. (Atymna), 199. (Empoa), 157. var. gillettei, 157. (Telamona), 187, 190. quercicola (Deraeocoris), 487, 491. var. pallens, 487, 491. (Phytocoris), 644, 645. quercifex, 357, 359. quercifoliae, 287. quercus, 351, 352. quinquelineatus, 32. quinquespinosus, 750. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. radicicola, 3109. raleighi, 404, 405. ramosa, 83. TFAtHOsus, 1270003 ie Ranatra, 399, 400. rapidus, 610. Rasahus, 682, 684. reclivata, 187, 190. Reduviidae, 384, 677. Reduviinae, 677, 680. Reduvius, 680, 681. reflexulus, 751. regalis, 537. relativus, 118, 120. remigis, 660. reperta, 413, 414. repetita, 740. repetitus, 431, 453. repletus, 433, 449. var. apicatus, 433, 449. Resthenini, 550. reuteri, 500. Reuteria, 500, 523. Reuteroscopus, 429, 462. Rhacognathus, 770, 772. Rhagovelia, 416, 417. Rheumatobates, 662, 663. Rhiginia, 684. Rhinocapsus, 429, 459. rhododendri, 703. rhois (Amphorophora), 301, 302. (Melapnis), 317. Rhopaiosiphum, 255, 299, 300. Rhyparochrominae, 711, 722. Rhyparochromini, 722, 730. Rhytidolomia, 759, 760. ribis, 302, 304. Ricaniinae, 26. rileyi, 653. rileyii, 313, 314. rimosa, 242. robertsoni, 30. robiniae, 505. robustus (Aradus), 741, 742. (Geotomus ), 780. Rocconota, 686, 688. rosacea, 509, 570. rosae (Aulacaspis), 369. (Empoa), 157, 158. (Macrosiphum), 305, 309. (Nippolachnus), 258. rosarum, 302, 304. roseipennis, 673, 674. roseus, 291, 208. rosicola, 432, 446. rostratus, 470. rubellicollis, 552, 555. var. confluens, 552, 556. rubellicollis, 552. No. 34.] vittiscutis, 552, 550. ruber, 496. var. bicolor, 406. concolor, 4096. danicus, 496. segusinus, 496, 407. rubi, 310. rubicola, 310. rubicundus, 573, 575. rubidus, 470, 471. var. atricolor, 470, 472. rubiphila, 292, 295. rubricans, 459. rubropictus, 616, 610. rubrovittatus, 551, 552. rudbeckiae, 306, 300. ruficornis, 548, 540. rufomaculata, 292, 206. rufoscutellatus, 662. rufusculus (Nabis), 673, 674. (Neoborus), 562, 564. rugosa, 81, 83. rumexicolens, 201, 206. rumicis, 292, 200. sacculi, 321. Saicinae, 677. Saissetia, 355, 359. salamandra, 202, 203. Salda, 400, 412. Saldidae, 384, 408. Saldula, 400, 412. saliceti, 291, 206. salicicola (Aphis), 292, 206. (Eustictus), 481, 482. saliciradicis, 288. salicis (Lopidea), 504. (Melanoxantherium), 289. (Phytocoris), 632, 639. salicis-nigrae, 362, 365. saliens, 460. saltatoria, 413, 415. Saltusaphidina, 254, 273, 280. Saltusaphis, 280. sanborni (Aphis), 292, 206. (Macrosiphum), 306, 300. sandersi, 104, 107. sanguinareus, 571. sanguinolenta, 50, 61. sanguisuga, 682. saratogensis, 212, 218. sassceri, 350, 351. saucia, 760. sayi (Anotia), 42. (Deltocephalus), 105, 108. (Deraeocoris), 495, 496. var. costalis, 495, 406 femoralis, 495. frontalis, 405. HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX, marginatus, 495. unicolor, 495. scabra, 387, 390. scalaris (Heliria), 186. (Scaphoideus), 95, 97. Scale, azalea bark, 351. black 350. cactus, 368. camphor, 382. chaff, 380. cherry, 373. circular, 376. cottony maple, 356. elm, 349. English walnut, 374. euonymus, 363. European fruit, 374. false maple, 352. fig -37.0, fluted, 382. frosted, 359. globular, 358. Glover’s, 378. grape, 375. hemispherical, 359. hemlock, 372. _ Italian pear, 368. juniper, 3067. Morgan’s, 377. oak Lecanium, 359. oleander, 373. olive, 360. orange-red, 377. oyster-shell, 379. pear tree oyster; 374: pernicious, 375. pine leaf, 365. pitted oak, 349. purple, 378. Putnam’s, 372. rose, 309. San José, 375. scurfy, 364. soft, 356. spruce, 360. terrapin, 358. thread, 379. tulip-tree, 357. West Indian peach, 360. white, 373. white elm, 362. woolly maple leaf, 352. Scaphoideus, 90, 95. scarlatina, 82, 83. var. pectoralis, 82, 84. scarlatina, 83. schellenbergii, 43, 44. Schizolachnus, 257, 269. Schizoneura, 314, 328. 803 804 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [ Bull. Schumannia, 678, 680. Sciocorini, 755. Sciocoris, 756. Sciodopterus, 412. Scipio, 19. sciuropteri, 22. scolopax, 714. Scolopostethus, 734, 735. Scolops, 27. scrupeus, 610, 612. var. ardens, 611, 612. bicolor, 612. bidens, 612. compar, OTT. cunealis, 612. delta, 611, 612. diops, 61T. lucidus, 612. nubilus, 612. par, 612. percursus, 611. rubidus, 611. scrupeus, 611, 612. sordidus, 612. triops, OIT. varius, 612. sculptus, 193, 197. scurra, 62, 65. scutellatus, 537. Scutelleridae, 385, 781. sedi, 292, 206. Sehirini, 779, 781. Sehirus, 781. semicrema, 180. Semiini, 497, 408. seminudus, 123, 124. Semium, 4098. semivittata, 759. semivittatus, 582, 592. senilis, 760. separata, 413, 414. separatus, 478. septendecim, 241. Vals cassinn, 242. septentrionalis, 39. seriata, 387, 390. sericea, 670. Sericophanes, 545. sericus, 525, 530. seriventris, 774, 775. serotinae, 290, 300. serripes, 724. serus, 512, 522. setariae, 200, 297. setigera, 47. setosus, 525, 535. Seventeen-year locust, 241. sexguttatus, 474. sexnotata, 143, 144. shermani, 741, 743. signoreti, 212, 210. signoretii (Otiocerus), 43, 45. (Pentacora), Aro. similis (Aradus), 741, 743. (Chermes), 320, 330. simplex (Aneurus), 739. (Aphelonema), 37. (Deltocephalus), 106, 115. (Neuroctenus), 740. (Thionia), 37, 38. simplicipes, 690. Sinea, 686, 6809. Singers, 238. sinuata, 187, IOI. Sipha, 254, 281, 285. Siphocoryne, 255, 290, 301. Siphonophora, 307. Sirthenea, 682, 684. Sixeonotus, 470. slossoni (Cicadula), 143, 145. (Eutettix), 123, 124. smaragdula, I5I, 152. Sinilia, 072102: Smiliinae, 171. smithiae, 288, 280. smithi, 134, 137. snowi, 62, 66. sobrius, 70, 71. solani, 704. solanifolii, 305, 300. Solenoptes, 19. solidaginis, 127, 131. Solubea, 759, 761. sonchi, 300. sordida (Banasa), 768. (Macropsis), 67, 60. sordidipennis, 35. sordidus, 672, 673. sorghiellus, 354. var. kingii, 354. southwicki, 123. Spangbergiella, 89, 93. Spanioneura, 244, 247. spartini, 47. spatulatus, 139. sphacelata, 410, 412. Sphragisticus, 732. spicatus, 632, 638. spinifrons, 780. spinipes, 689. spinosus (Hamamelistes), 328. (Jalysus), 738. spinulosa (Fitchia), 688. (Polyplax), 21: spiraecola (Aphis), 292, 297. (Nectarosiphon), 310. spiraephila, 291, 207. spissipes, 684, 685. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. Spittle insects, 206. spumarius, 225. var. fasciatus, 225. lateralis, 226. leucocephalus, 226. leucopthalmus, 226. lineatus, 220. marginellus, 226. pallidus, 226. ustulatus, 225. spurcus, 28. spuria, 3490. squamosa, 318. Stachyocnemus, 750, 751. stagnalis, 417. stalii, 502. staphyleae, 507. var. sanguinea, 507. Stenocranus, 45, 46. Stenodema, 546, 549. Stenopoda, 678, 680. Stenopodinae, 677, 678. stenopsis, 21. Stenotus, 560, 614. Stephanitis, 608, 703. stevensis, 283. Stictocephala, 172, 179. Stiretrus, 770, 771. Stobaera, 45, 51. stollii, 43, 44. striata, 248, 240. striatulus, 118, 122. striatus, 106, 113. strigipes, 773. striola, 408. striolus, 118, 1109. strobi (Dilachnus), 260, 266. (Eutettix), 123, 125. strobilobius, 329, 330. strobicola, 462, 467. Stroggylocephalus, 85. Strongylocoris, 498, 500. stupida, 182, 183. stygica, 500. suavis, 430. subcoleoptratus, 672, 673. subfalcata, 186, 187. submarginatus, 512, 518. suffuscipennis, 432, 454. suis, 20. sulcatus, 617, 626. sulcipes, 27, 28. sulphureus, 462. superbus, 87. suspectus, 597. suturalis (Enderleinellus), 22. (Idiocerus), 61, 66. var. lunaris, 66. (Macropsis), 67, 68. sylvestris (Deltocephalus), 106, 115. (Ligyrocoris), 725, 726. symphoricarpae, 118, 121. symphoricarpi, 291, 207. Symydobius, 254, 274, 280. Systelloderes, 694. Systellonotini, 497, 545. Tamelia, 254, 287. tanaceti, 306, 310. taraxaci, 306, 310. tarsalis, 548. tartarea, 180. talib, 17540772 Telamona, 172, 186. Teleorhinus, 474, 476. Teloleuca, 410. tenebrosus, 470. tenerrima, 157, 158. tenuicornis, 480. tenuipes, 663. tephrosicola, 476. Teratocoris, 546, 547. tergatus, 139, 140. Termatophylidae, 385, 665. terminalis, 747. tessellata; 322, 323... tessellatus, 356. testaceum, 308, 390. Tetraleurodes, 335, 337. Tetraneura, 315. Tetraneurini, 311, 315. Tetraphleps, 667. Tetyrinae, 782. Thamnotettix, 90, 133. Thecabius, 320, 324. Thelia, 172, 183. Therioaphis, 274, 281. Thionia, 37. Thomasia, 283. thompsonii, 698, 690. thomsoni, 735, 736. Thripsaphis, 289, 290. Thyanta, 750, 766. thymi, 714, 715. Thyreocorinae, 777. tibialis, 645, 649. Tibicen, 239. Tibicina, 239, 241. tiliae (Gargaphia), 704. (Lygus), 580, 582, 587. (Therioaphis), 281. tinctipes, 598, 600. Tingidae, 384, 6905. Tingini, 606. sollivs: 750,07 5%: Toumeyella, 355, 350. Toxoptera, 254, 302. Trama, 254, 256. 806 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. tremulae, 321. Trepobates, 662, 663. Trialeurodes, 335, 339. Triatoma, 680, 682. tricarinata, 51. trichechi, 23. Trichopepla, 758, 750. tricincta, 159, 160. tricolor, 562, 567. tricornis, 699. var. americana, 699. trifasciata Chinpoasca ). 151. G52: (Erythroneura), 159, 160. Trifidaphis, 318, 310. Trifidini, 311, 318. trifolii (Callipterus), 281. (Pseudococcus), 354. Trigonotylus, 546, 548. trilineata, 387, 380. trimaculata, 67, 60. trinotatus, 350, 351. WTiOzZa; 244 24s. Triphleps, 667, 668. tripunctata (Kolla), 76, 77. (Trioza), 245. tripunctatus, 713. trispinosum, 540. tristigmus, 762, 763. tristis (Anasa), 740. (Bruchomorpha), 36, 37. (Telamona), 187, 1809. Tropidosteptes, 560, 561. Tropiduchinae, 26. truncatus, 126, 120. tsugae, 455, 456. tuberculata (Aphis), 201, 207. (Paracoelidea), 142. (Ploiariola), 690. tuberculatus, 617, 628. tuberculifer, 742, 744. Tuberolachnus, 256, 257. tuberosus, 193, 195. tulipae, 291, 208. tullahomi, 126, uk Tullerenia, 318, 3 tumidifrons Giga ongicitdoy: 455. (Neocoelidia), 142. (Oncopsis), 70. tunicarubra, 159, 160. HUTCICUS; -713. Typhlocyba, 147, 155. Typhlocybini, 58, 85, 147. uhleri (Amalopota), 41. (Barce), 690, 6092. (Cenchrea), 41. (Chlorochroa), 760. (Euscelis), 118, 121. (Lethocerus), 307. [ Bull. (Notonecta), 405. (Pilophorus), 538, 541. (Trigonotylus), 548, 549. uliginosus, 719. var. lateralis, 720. limbatus, 720. speculator, 720. uliginosus, 720. ulmi (Aspidiotus), 371, 375. (Corythucha), 700, 702. (Empoa), 157, 158. (Eriosoma), 312, 314. (Lepidosaphes), 378, 379. (Phytocoris), 616, 620. ulmicola, 316. ulmifolii, 280. ulmifusus, 317. ulmisacculi, 315. umbrosus, 733. undata (Nottiglossa), 765. (Oncometopia), 74. undulata, 404, 405. uniannulatus, 742, 745. tinica, 150. 15s: unicolor (Chiorotettix), 139. (Empoasca), 152. (Gypona), 83. (Scaphoideus), 95, 96. (Telamona), 187, 1 unifasciatus, 508. var. lateralis, 601. uniformis (Aradus), 742, 744. (Phytocoris), 641, (Tetraphleps), 668. Unilachnus, 257, 260. univittatus (Glossonotus), (Lygus), 582, 591. unus, 734. uvae, 371, 375. vaccini, 498. vaccini, 118,122: vagabundus, 325. Vanduzea, 172, 204. vanduzeei (Liburnia), 53, 55- (Lygus), 574, 577. Var. rubroclarus, 574, 57s vanduzeei, 574. (Pilophorus), 538, 540. vanduzei (Cyclokara), 41. (Typhlocyba), 155, 156. vanduzeil, 459. vaporariorum, 340, 342. variabilis (Microparsus), 311. (Notonecta), 404, 405. (Oncopsis), 70. varians, 291, 297. variata, 143. No. 34.] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: INDEX. 807 variegata (Epiptera), 20, 30. (Physatocheila), 705. variolarius, 762, 763. variolosum, 340. varus, 118, 120. vastatrix, 331. vat, 193, 190. veaziei, 245. Velia, 416, 417. Veliidae, 383, 410. venaefuscae, 305. venafuscus, 322, 323. venaticus, 598, 604. venatorius, 481, 483. ventralis, 684, 685. ventricosus, 22. venusta, 246, 247. venustus (Phytocoris), 645, 651. (Polymerus), 5098, 605. verbasci, 430. vernalis, 244. vernoniae, 297. verticalis, 390. verticis, 62, 66. viburni (Lygidea), 560. (Lygus), 581, 585. viburnicola, 291, 297. viburniphila, 291, 297. vicarius (Emblethis), 733. (Oeciacus), 670. vicina, 693. vicinum, 549. vicinus, 525, 529. Viminalis, 283. vinnulus, 105, II0. violae, 302, 304. virescens var. graminea, 67. viridescens, 152, 154. viridicans, 597. viridis (Macropsis), 67, 68. (Orthotylus), 512, 519. (Parabolocratus), 93. (Xerophloea), 84. viridius, 139, 140. vitellina, 94. vitifoliae, 330, 331. Vitis, 355, 356. vitripennis, 478. vittatus, 617, 627. vitticollis, 582, 589. vittipennis, 51. vittiscutis, 562, 566. vituli, 20. vulgaris, 40. vulnerata (Erythroneura), 160, 162. var. nigra, 160, 163. (Spangbergiella), 93. waldeni (Kermes), 350, 351. (Liburnia), 20. ary (Psallus), 463, 468. (Trialeurodes), 340, 343. walshi, 538. Water-striders, 658. weedi, 105, 100. westwoodi, 42. wolfii, 43, 44. xanthocephala, 231, 235. var. glauca, 235. xanthochila, 412, 414. Xantholobus, 172, 201. Xenoborus, 560, 567. Xerophloea, 80, 84. Xestocephalus, 85, 87. Xestocoris, 734, 736. Xylocoris, 666. xylostei (Prociphilus), 322, 323. (Siphocoryne), 299, 301. yuccae, 297. zamiae, 366, 368. Zelinae, 677, 085. Zelus, 685, 687. Zeridoneus, 723, 727. Zicrona 770.770: zizyphi, 380, 381. of aie cae PLA WEI, “PARASITICA. Pediculus capitis DeGeer,—head louse of man, x 16. Pediculus corporis DeGeer,—cootie, or body louse of man, x. 12, Linognathus piliferus Burmeister,—dog louse, x 21. 3. Linognathus vituli Tansee: lokeeneee ox louse, x 182 4° Linognathus vituls Linnaeus,—eggs, XA es Haematopinus eurysternus Nitzsch,—short-nosed ox louse, x. 14 Haematopinus suis Linnaeus,—hog louse, x 9. 2. Phthirius pubis Linnaeus,—crab louse of man, x 16. 7. Photographs, 8 by H. A. Doty; others by B. H. Walden. Pee BAe sb, | Ahbdblabded habbo bom — f ~~ Painngett Met da a as OE NS Oa PLATE II: CiIcADELLIDAE. Kolla tripunctata Fitch. Kolla bifida Say. Platymetopus acutus Say. Eutettix conctus Osborn and Ball. | Eutettix seminudus Say. Phlepswus fulvidorsum Fitch. Scaphoideus lobatus Van Duzee. Phlepsws atropunctatus DeLong. Thamnotettix collaris Bail. All greatly enlarged. Photographs by J. G. Sanders and De iM. DeLong. PEATE. Ti CrcaneremAn: Deltocephalus areolatus Ball. Deltocephalus sayi Fitch. Deltocephalus obtectus Osborn and Ball. Deltocephalus configuratus Uhler. Deltocephalus striatus Linnaeus. Deltocephalus sylvestris Osborn and Ball. Scaphoideus sanctus Say. Mesamia nigridorsum Ball. Euscelis curtisu Fitch. All greatly enlarged. Photographs by J. G. Sanders and D. M. DeLong. PbS alle, as ae oo WARE, PEASE ve PLATE IV. Futcorrpaz, MEMBRACIDAE, CERCOPIDAE. Scolops sulcipes Say. Oliarus humilis Say. Acanaloma bivittata Say. Ormenis pruinosa Say. Phylloscelis atra Germar. Ormenis septentrionalis Spinola. Ceresa taurina Fitch. Ceresa bubalus Fabricius. Se CE Oe es Ceresa diceros Say. Stictocephala lutea Walker. Micrutalis calva Say. a FiE=© 12. Carynota mera Say. 13.. Glossonotus acuminatus Fabricius. 14. Theha bimaculata Fabricius,—female. 15. TLheha bimaculata Fabricius,—male, front. 16. Thelia bimaculata Fabricius,—male, lateral view. 17. Telamona maculata Van Duzee. 18. Telamona quercs Fitch. 19. Telamona unicolor Fitch,—female. 20. Telamona unicolor Fitch,—male. 21. Smuilia camelus Fabricius. 22. Cyrtolobus vau Say. 23. i bis Psyllopsts fraximicola Foerster, x 1. Photographs 6 and 7 by W. E. Britton; others by B. H. Walden. St ae ea te PLATE Vil. ApaipipAr Longistigma (Lachnus) caryae Harris,—apterous form, x I. Aphis pomst DeGeer,—green apple aphid, x 2. Aphis pseudobrassicae Davis,—turnip aphid, x I. Anuraphis tulipae Boyer, x I. Brevicoryne brassicae Linnaeus,—cabbage aphid, x I. Amphorophora rhots Monell, x I. Photographs by B. H. Walden. feel Wel Vallis Bice Vee CN PLATE Vili. ArpaipipAr; Macrosiphum rudbeckiae Fitch, x 1. Macrosiphum solanifoli Ashmead,—potato aphid, x 1. Eriosoma lanigerum Hausman,—woolly apple aphid, x 1. Prociphilus tessellata Fitch, x 1. Chermes pinicorticis Fitch,—pine bark aphid, x I. Chermes strobilobius Kaltenbach,—woolly larch aphid, x 1. Photographs by B. H. Walden. Tenet, ia a PLATE IX. APpHIDIDAER Saltusaphis americanus Baker. Thripsaphis balli Gillette. Saltusaphis elongatus Baker. Saltusaphis flabellus Sanborn. Saltusaphis scirpus Theobald. Saltusaphis virginicus Baker. All greatly enlarged. (From Canadian Entomologist.) Photographs by Dr. A. C. Baker. Leslee le) al De pecan oaREER SCORN ONES ak RENO Aa ee WIPILATE Xo APHIDIDAE! 1. Tamelia cowent Cockerell,—blackberry gall aphid, showing galls formed on the leaves of bearberry. Normal leaf at left. 2. Tamelia quercifoliae Gillette——woolly oak aphid, showing appearance on oak leaf. 3. Phyllaphis fagi Linnaeus,—woolly beech aphid, showing colo- nies on leaf of copper beech. All natural size. Photographed by Dr. A. C. Baker. bo SNe ane 2 oe PLATE XI. Apuip GALLS. Mordwilkoja vagabundus Walsh,—vagabond poplar gall, x 1. Pemphigus populicaulis Fitch, x I. Hamamelistes spinosus Shimer, x 1. Hormaphis hamamelidis Fitch, x 1. Phylloxera caryaecaulis Fitch,—hickory aphid gall, x 1. Chermes cooley Gillette, Xen Chermes abietis Linnaeus,—spruce aphid gall, x 1. Photographs by B. H. Walden. PR wie x le REA. RLATE XII; ALEYRODIDAE. Trialeurodes coryls Britton,—larvae, x I. Trialeurodes morrilli Britton,—larvae, x I. Aleuroplatus plumosus Quaintance,—larvae and pupae, x Io. Aleyrodes asarumis Shimer,—larvae, pupae and adults, x 4. Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood,—greenhouse white fly, larvae and pupae, x 4. Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood,—pupae and adults, x 4. Photographs: 1 and.2 by W. E. Britton; 3 and 4 by B. H. Walden; 5 and 6 by H. A. Doty. bo NI PLATE XIII. Coccipaz, ScaLe INSEcTs. Orthezia msignis Douglas,—greenhouse orthezia, x 2.5. Asterolecanium variolosum Ratzeburg,—pit-making oak scale, xl Gossyparia spuria Modeer,—elm scale, x I. Kermes sasscert King, x 2. Phenacoccus acericola King,—woolly maple leaf scale, males On Pankex 1. Phenacoccus acericola King,—females, x I. Pseudococcus citri Risso,—common mealy bug, x I. Lecanium cornt Bouché,—European fruit lecanium, x I. Pulvinaria vitis Linnaeus,—cottony maple scale, x I. Photographs: 3 and 5 by W. E. Britton; others by B. H. Walden. PATE XL, 1 elope eh 0 ee ee Fe nee eatin te ace 1 Oe RPiA TE. XIV... Coccipaz, ScALE INSECTS. Lecanium mgrofasciatum Pergande,—terrapin scale, x I. Toumeyella liriodendrit Gmelin,—tulip tree scale, x 1. Saissetia hemisphaerica ‘Targioni-Tozzettii—hemispherical scale, xc, Chionaspis furfura Fitch,—scurfy scale, x I. Chionaspis pinifoliae Fitch,—pine leaf scale, x 2. Chionaspis euonymt Comstock,—euonymus scale, x I. Chionaspis cornt Cooley, x I. Aulacaspis rosae Bouché,—rose scale, x 2. Aulacaspis pentagona TYargioni-Tozzettii—West Indian peach scale, x 2. Photographs: 2 by H. A. Doty; others by B. H. Walden. N eat PLATE XV. CoccIDAE, SCALE INSECTS. Diaspis echinocactt Bouché var. cacti Comstock, x I. Hemichionaspis aspidistrae Signoret, x about 3. Leucaspis japonica Cockerell, x 1. Aspidiotus perniciosus Comstock,—San José scale, x I. Aspidiotus hederae Vallot,—white or oleander scale, x 2. Chrysomphalus aondum Linnaeus,—circular or fig scale, x I. Lepidosaphes newsteadi Sulc, x 4. Lepidosaphes ulmi Linnaeus,—oyster-shell scale, x 1. Ischnaspis longirostris Signoret,—thread scale, x 2. Photographs by B. H. Walden. JEANS a eis Pea xe Oo De Nee PATE (XV 1, Nepa apiculata Uhler. Arctocorixa wmterrupta Say. Pelocoris femoratus Palisot de Beauvois. Lethocerus americanus Leidy. Notonecta variabilis Fieber. Belostoma flumineum Say. Notonecta wrrorata Uhler. Notonecta insulata Kirby. Gerris conforms Uhler. Gerris rufoscutellatus Latreille. Gerris marginatus Say. Gerris remigis Say. Pseudoxenetus scutellatus Uhler. Lopidea robimiae Uhler. Lygus pratensis Linnaeus var. oblineatus Say,—tarnished plant bug. Lygidea mendax Reuter. Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler. Poecilocapsus lineatus Fabricius,—four-lined leaf bug. Horcias dislocatus Say. Stenotus binotatus Fabricius. Adelphocoris rapidus Say. Stenodema trispinosum Reuter. Miris dolabratus Linnaeus. Phlegyas abbreviatus Uhler. ‘Nyswms ertcae Schilling. Eremocoris ferus Say. Oedancala dorsalis Say. .. Cnemodus mavortius Say. Myodocha serripes Olivier. Lygaeus kalmiu Stal. Emblethis vicarius Horvath. Cimex lectularius Linnaeus. Nabis ferus Linnaeus. Phymata erosa Linnaeus. Sinea diadema Fabricius. Reduvius personatus Linnaeus. Melanolestes abdominalis Herrich-Schaeffer. Zelus exsanguis Stal. Pselliopus cinctus Fabricius. Fitchia aptera Stal. Acholla multispinosa DeGeer. All natural size. Photographs by B. H. Walden. N Ds ef PLATE XVII. REDUVIIDAE AND TINGIDAE. Emesa brevipennis Say, X I. Piesma cinera Say, x 8. Melanorhopala clavata Stal, x 8. Physatocheila, x 8. Gelchossa heidemannit Osborn and Drake, x 8. Corythucha marmorvata Uhler, x 8. Gargaphia angulata Heidemann, x 8. Stephanitis pyrioides Scott, x 8. Photographs by B. H. Walden. Pe Ae eV AT, Piva CO ONO ee ~ PLATE XV IEE. Homaemus aenetfrons Say. Galgupha atra Amyot and Serville. Amnestus spinifrons Say. Sehirus cinctus Palisot de Beauvois. Eurygaster alternata Say. Brochymena quadripustulata Fabricius. Brochymena arborea Say. Peribalus limbolarius Say. Rhytidolomia saucia Say. Rhytidolomia senilis Say. Chlorochroa uhleri Stal. Mormidea lugens Fabricius. Fuschistus variolarus Palisot de Beauvois. Euschistus euschistoides Vollenhoven. Coenus delius Say. Menecles insertus Say. Acrosternum hilare Say. Cosmopepla bimaculata Thomas. Banasa dimidiata Say. Meadorus lateralis Say. Flasmostethus cruciatus Say. Perillus circumeinctus Stal. A pateticus cynicus Say. Perilus exaptus Say. Podisus placidus Uhler. Podisus modestus Dallas. Podisus maculwentris Say,—dorsal view. Podisus maculiventris Say,—lateral view. Corizus lateralis Say. Harmostes reflexulus Stal. Euthochtha galeator Fabricius. Megalotomus quinquespinosus Say. Acanthocephala terminalis Dallas. Anasa repetita Heidemann. Anasa tristis DeGeer,—squash bug. Merocoris distinctus Dallas. Protenor belfrage: Haglund. Alydus pilosulus Herrich-Schaeffer. Alydus eurinus Say. Aradus quadrilineatus Say. All natural size. Photographs by B. H. Walden. EO: PLATE XixX. HeEmiptTerRous Ecas. Eegs of Acholla multispinosa DeGeer, on apple, x 2. Egg scars of Tibicina septendecim Linnaeus, x I. Eegs of the squash bug, Anasa tristis DeGeer, on squash leaf, oni Belostoma lutarium Stal,—eggs on back of mate ile Ceresa bubalus Fabricius,—egg scars in apple twigs, x I. Eggs of Lethocerus sp., x I. Eggs of Podisus sp., x I. tr} ges of oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulnw Linnaeus, under shell of female, x 6. Eggs of green apple aphis, Aphis poms DeGeer, on apple twig, x 2. Eggs of Dilachnus strobi Fitch, on white pine, x 1. Photographs by B. H. Walden. PS exe, READE ex Py 8. ine terion eccecesinar corvette PR PLATE XX. Injury CAUSED BY HEMIPTERA. Work of leafhoppers on currant leaf. — Potato leaf injured by Poecilocapsus lineatus Fabricius. Injury to pears by Lygus pratensis Linnaeus. Podisus placidus Uhler feeding on currant worm, x 2. Apple leaves curled by the light red bug, Lygidea mendax Reuter. Froth mass of Aphrophora parallela Say. All others natural size. Photographs by B- H. Walden. ‘ seri ] 4 * 2 1 ' . A : ra . - : * i ' . ~ “a ’ hss ey é ‘ i ae | i ji ey Ea i : f + Xd ‘a8 ( iy oes be y ~ the Pa Roe TUT Ree ‘ ese a y Ce ‘ub BULLETINS OF THE Stat2 Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut I. First Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1903-1904. 2. A Preliminary Report on the Protozoa of the Fresh Waters or@onnecticut: by Herbert William Conn. (Out of print. To be obtained only in Vol. 1, containing Bulletins 1-5. Price $1.50, postpaid. ) . A Preliminary Report on the Hymeniales of Connecticut: by Edward Albert White. 4. The Clays and Clay Industries of Connecticut: by Gerald Francis Loughlin. The Ustilagineee, or Smuts, of Connecticut: by George Perkins Clinton. 6. Manual of the Geology of Connecticut: by William North icemanduiienbert: rnest. Gregory. (Out of: print. To) be obtained only in Vol. II, containing Bulletins 6-12. Price $2.45, postpaid. ) 7. Preliminary Geological Map of Connecticut: by Herbert Ernest Gregory and Henry Hollister Robinson. 8. Bibliography of Connecticut Geology: by Herbert Ernest Gregory. 9g. Second Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1g05-1906. 10. A Preliminary Report on the Algz of the Fresh Waters of Connecticut: by Herbert William Conn and Lucia Washburn (Hazen) Webster. 11. The Bryophytes of Connecticut: by Alexander William Evans and George Elwood Nichols. 12. Third Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1907-1908. nga) Whe -Lithology of )Connecticut: by Joseph Barrell and Gerald Francis Loughlin. 14. Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Con- necticut growing without cultivation: by a committee of the Con- necticut Botanical Society. 15. Second Report on the Hymeniales of Connecticut: by Edward Albert White. 16. Guide to the Insects of Connecticut: prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part I. General Introduc-- tion: by Wilton Everett Britton. Part II. The Euplexoptera and Orthoptera of Connecticut: by Benjamin Hovey Walden. 17. Fourth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1909-10. 18. Triassic Fishes of Connecticut: by Charles Rochester Eastman. Ig. Echinoderms of Connecticut: by Wesley Roscoe Coe. 20. ‘The Birds of Connecticut: by John Hall Sage and Louis Bennett Bishop, assisted by Walter Parks Bliss. 21. Fifth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1911-1912. 22. Guide to the Insects of Connecticut: prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part II]. The Hymen- optera, or Wasp-like Insects, of Connecticut: by Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Brues, William Morton Wheeler, and Sievert Allen Rohwer. 23. Central Connecticut in the Geologic Past: by Joseph Barrell. 24. Triassic Life of the Connecticut Valley: by Richard Swann Lull. 25. Sixth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1913-1914. 26. The Arthrostraca of Connecticut: by Beverly Waugh Kunkel. 27. Seventh Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1915-1916. 28. Eighth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1917-1918. 29. The Quaternary Geology of the New Haven Region, Connecticut: by Freeman Ward, Ph.D. 30. Drainage, Modification and Glaciation in the Danbury Region, Connecticut: by Ruth Sawyer Harvey, Ph.D. 31. Check List of the Insects of Connecticut: by Wilton Everett Britton, Ph.D. 32. Ninth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1919-1920. 33. Geology of the Stonington Region, Connecticut: by Laura ate, heb. »Cinepress>} 34. Guide to the Insects of Connecticut: prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton, Ph.D. Part IV. The Hemiptera or Sucking Insects of Connecticut: by Wilton Everett Britton, Ph.D., with the collaboration of James Francis Abbott, Arthur Challen Baker, Harry Gardner Barber, William Thompson Davis, Dwight Moore Delong, William Delbert Funkhouser, Harry Hazleton Knight, Asa Chandler Maxson, Herbert Osborn, Howard Madison Parshley, Edith Marion Patch, Louis Agassiz Stearns, José Rollin de la Torre-Bueno, Edward Payson Van Duzee, Harley Frost Wilson. 35. Tenth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1921-1922. (In press.) iulletins 1,0, 12, 17, 21, 25,27, 28, 32 and 35 are administrative reports containing no scientific matter. The other bulletins may be classified as follows: Geolocy | Bulletins 4, 6, 7, 8, 13,.18, 23, 24, 20, 30, 33. Botany.) Bulletins 3,5, 10, 11,14, 15. Moooswy a Bulletins 2, 16, 10, 20, 22,26, 21, 34. These bulletins are sold and otherwise distributed by the State Librarian. Postage, when bulletins are sent by mail, is as follows: INiOp oh) 1 50.01 Noy a2) 350108 Noy. 22°) 1 30:02 2 .08 14 08 24 aio) 4 .06 15 .06 25 02 5 03 16 07, 26 .06 7 .06 17 02 27, 12 8 05 18 .07 28 02 9 02 19 .08 29 .03 10 08 20 14 30 .03 It .O7 21 .02 31 06 2 102 22 .08 32 02 The prices when the bulletins are sold are as follows, postpaid: Noa S005 Nov 1315) 50:40 Nov 23) $0.55 3 40 14 75 24, 65 + 30 T5 Si) 25 05 5 15 16 35 26 80 | .60 17 05 27 05 8 .20 18 25 28 05 9 05 TQ “45 29 59 IO 35 20 .50 30 45 Te 120 21 05 ant I.50 12 .05 22 2.00 2 05 Parts of the editions of these Bulletins have been assembled in volumes substantially bound in cloth, plainly lettered, and sell for _the following prices, postpaid: Volume I, containing Bulletins 1-5 $1.50 Volume II, containing Bulletins 6-12 2.45 Volume III, containing Bulletins 13-15 2.50 Volume IV, containing Bulletins 16-21 2.15 Volume V, containing Bulletin 22 2.50 It is intended to follow a liberal policy in gratuitously distribut- ing these publications to public libraries, colleges, and scientific institutions, and to scientific men, teachers, and others who require particular bulletins for their work, especially to those who are citi- zens of Connecticut. Applications or inquiries should be addressed to GEORGE S. GODDARD, State Librarian, Hartford, Conn. In addition to the bulletins above named, published by the State survey, attention is called to three publications of the United States Geological Survey prepared in cooperation with the Geo- logical and Natural History Survey of Connecticut. These are the following: Bulletin 484. The Granites of Connecticut: by T. Nelson Dale and Herbert E. Gregory. Water-Supply Paper 374. Ground Water in the Hartford, Stamford, Salisbury, Willimantic and Saybrook Areas, Connecticut: by Herbert E. Gregory and Arthur J. Ellis. Water-Supply Paper 397. Ground Water in the Waterbury Area, Connecticut: by Arthur J. Ellis, under the direc- tion of Herbert E. Gregory. These papers may be obtained from the Director of the United States Geological Survey at Washington. CATALOGUE. SLIPS Connecticut. State geological and natural history survey. Bulletin No. 34. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of W. E. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut. By W. E. Britton, with the collaboration of J. F. Abbott, A. C. Baker, H. G. Barber, W. T. Davis, D. M. DeLong, W. D. Funkhouser, H. H. Knight, A. C. Maxson ia. Osborn, H. M. Parshley, E. M. Patch, L. A.:Stearns, jeeierdewla Lorre-Bueno, H. P. Van Duzee and H. F. Wilson. artrord, 1922. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. Britton, Wilton Everett, 1868. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton, editor and author of families Aleyrodidae and Coccidae, pp. 335-382. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut. By W. E. Britton, with the collaboration Omen wobott, A.C. Baker; WH. G. Barber, W. T. Davis, D. M. Delkone, VW. D. Funkhouser, H. H. Knight, A. C. Maxson, H. @-spory 1) Vi. Parshley, E. M. Patch, L: A. Stearns, J. R. de la Torro-Bueno, E. P. Van Duzee and H. F. Wilson. Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Abbott, James Francis, 1876. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Corixidae, pp. 386-390, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) : aoe : if i) Vn - . i ’ uy : CATALOGUE SLIPS Baker, Arthur Challen, 1885. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- momyor VW EH. Britton. Part- IV. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Aphididae (Tribe Callipterini), pp. 271-290, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Barber, Harry Gardner, 1871. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera: or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Lygaeidae, pp. 708-737, Hartford, 123. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Davis, William Thompson, 1862. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tonvom vy. 2. Britton. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Cicadidae, pp. 238-242, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) DeLong, Dwight Moore, 1892. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Cicadellidae, pp. 56-163, Hartford, 1@22. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) . ‘ ‘ * ~ { 1 i ‘ hie nay ee Ve CATALOGUE SLIPS Funkhouser, William Delbert, 1881. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- toner VW. E. Britton. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Membracidae, pp. 163-206, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Knight, Harry Hazleton, 1889. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- nonmom VV. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Miridae, pp. 422-658, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Maxson, Asa Chandler, 1875. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of VW. EH. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera or. sucking insects of Connecticut: family Aphididae (subfamily Pem- (phiginae); pp. 311-320, Hartiord, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Osborn, Herbert, 1856. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- momen) VV. Brtton.’))Part TV. The’ Hemiptera,’ or. sucking insects of Connecticut: suborder Parasitica, pp. 17-23, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) The CATALOGUE SLIPS Parshley, Howard Madison, 1884. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of VW. E. Britton. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: keys to families of Heteroptera, pp. 383- 385, families Termatophylidae, Anchoridae, Cimicidae and Nabidae, pp. 665-674, Phymatidae, Enicocephalidae, Piesmidae and Tingidae, pp. 692-707, Neididae, Aradidae, Coreidae, Alydidae, Corizidae, Pentatomidae, Cydnidae and Scutelleridae, pp. 737-783, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Patch, Edith Marion, 1876. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: families Psyllidae, Aphididae (in part) and Chermesidae, pp. 243-256, 290-311, 329-335, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Stearns, Lous Agassiz, 1892. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Cercopidae, pp. 206-238, Hartford, O22 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) CATALOGUE SLIPS Torre-Bueno, José Rollin de la, 1871. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton. Part IV. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: families Ochteridae, Nerthridae, Belosto- matidae, Nepidae, Naucoridae, Notonectidae, Saldidae and Veliidae, pp. 391-421, Gerridae and Hydrometridae, pp. 658-665, Meso- veliidae, Naeogeidae and Reduviidae, pp. 674-692, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Van Duzee, Edward Payson, 1861. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tener VW. E> Britton. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Fulgoridae, pp. 24-55, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Wilson, Harley Frost, 1883. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- ponwot VV. H. Britton. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut: family Aphididae (Tribe Lachnini), pp. 256-271, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) CATALOGUE SLIPS Zoology. Britton, VW. H., Abbott, J. F., Baker, A. C., Barber, H. G., Davis, Vie Delvong,D.-M., Runkhouser, W. D., Knight, H. H., Max- soumaen@ Osborn, Ti. Parshley, H. M:, Patch; E. M., Stearns, [te wa dhorre-Bueno, J. R., Van Duzee, E.-P., and Wilson, H. F. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction Om Wate. Britton. Part 1V. The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. (Bulletin No. 34, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Insects. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- Honmenuyy. E. Britton. Part 1V.. “The Hemiptera or’ sucking insects of Connecticut. By W. E. Britton, with the collaboration Omen obott, A.C. Baker, H..G. Barber, W. T. Davis, D. M. Dewone NV. ©. Funkhouser, H. H. Knight, A. C. Maxson, Ee @©chom it. NM. Parshley, E. M. Patch, L. A, Stearns, J. R. de la Torre-Bueno, E. P. Van Duzee, and H. F. Wilson, Hartford, 1923. 807 pp., 20 pls., 169 figs., 23°™. 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