HANDBOOK OF BRITISH FUNGL HANDBOOK OF BRITISH FUNGI, With full Descrip^ms^ all fli€^p^s\'-k^id-'Wtistratio}i^ ^' ^^^^-RIU^ iro ■^%> M. C. COOKE, M,A Eontion antr iEcto Y^\\ : MACMILLAlSr AND CO. 1871. \^^l ■% \^ I ^C5m v.2 - c,2 ■*..-■ '• -• ' y G. r. BACOX, PaiNTEE, LEAVES. /• - o ^/> \> H. E^F^^^^.^R [ 489 Order XV. PUCCINI ^I. Parasitic on living plants ; peridium none ; spores mostly of two kinds (1) simple, (2) septate, the latter producing on ger- mination secondary spores. — Berk. Outl.p. 328. a. Sj)ores stipitate. Spores multiseptate. moniliform .... cylindrical , . . . biseptate ..... uniseptate .... 5. Spores immersed in gelatine. Stroma tremelloid and expanded clavate or club-shaped Xe'fwdochus. Phragmidmm. Triphragmmm, Pucciiiia. Gym.Tiosporangium^ Podisoma, Gen. 164. XENODOCHUS, Sclileclit. Spores multiseptate, moniliform, breaking up into many distinct articulations. — Berk. Outl.p. 828. 1455. (Fig. 19 9. J Xenodochus carbonarius. Schl. " Burnet ehain brand." Uredo-spores. Effused, or subrotund ; spores sub-globose, orange-vermilion. — Uredo miniata. Pers. Syn. p. 216. Lecythea miniata. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Yiii.p. 374:. Braxd-spores. Scattered in small tufts, hypo- genous ; spores curved or straight, composed of from five to fifteen articulations ; obtuse at one Fig. 199. extremity, slightly attenuate at the other. — Linn. i.p. 237, t. 3, /. 3. Cooke M.F. t. iii. /. 29. Ann. N.H. no. 133. Curr. After. Journ. v. t. 8,/. 34. Bisch.f. 3866. Berk. exs. no. 328. FckL exs. no. 410. On living burnet leaves. Eare. (Fig. 199j spore magnified.) s ) or^ .w O i 490 PUCCINI^I. Gen. 165. PHRAGIVIlDIUiyi, Link. Spores cylindrical, multiseptate, scarcely moniliform, borne on a long peduncle. — Link. Sp. ii. p. 84. Areg- ma. Berk. Outl. p. 329. Fr. S.M. iii. p. 495. Cooke M.F. p. 195. Eng. Fl. v.p.358. [Fig.2{)0.) 1456. Phragmidiuxn mucronatum. lAnk. " Rose Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellow, small, scattered ; spores sub-oval, sometimes minutely pedicellate, orange. — Lecy- thea roscB. Lev. Cooke. M.F. t. iii. /. 37. Cooke exs. no. 17. Uredo rosoe. Fig. 200. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 381. Braxd-spores. Hypogenous, scattered over tlie leaves in minute tufts ; spores 5 to 7 septate, terminal joint mucronate ; peduncles incrassated below, fusiform. — Fckl. exs. no. 313. Fl. Dan. t. 2279,/. 2. Biscli.f. 3860. Purt. t. 28. Cooke L.F. no. 3. Aregma mucronatum. Berk. Outl. p. ^2^. Cooke 31 .F. iii. f. SS. Grev. 1. 15. Eng. Fl. v. p. 358. Baxt. exs. no. 37. Cooke exs. no. 17-18. mes.f.U. Corda.iy.f.70. On living rose leaves. Autumn. Common. [Maine, U.S.] 1457. Fhragxnidiuxn acuxninatuxn. Fr. "Burnet Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots obliterated, rufous on the opposite side ; sori subrotund, scattered, minute on the under surface; epidermis bursting ; spores subglobose, often pedicellate, in- tense orange ; barren spores pale, cylindrical, and slightly curved. — Lecy thea poterii. Lev. Cooke M.F.t. 3,/. 31. Cooke exs. no. I'd. Uredo poterii. Eng. Fl.Y.p. ^'^h. Brand-spores. Hypogenous, scattered in minute tufts ; spores multiseptate, terminal joint acuminate; peduncles equal. — Aregma acuminatum. Fr. S.M. iii. p. 497. Cooke. M.F. t. iii./. 32. Eng. Fl. Y. p. 368. Cooke exs. no. 19. Fckl. exs. no. 312. Cooke L.F no. \. Phragmidium intermedium. Lk. Sp.ii.p.84:. On living burnet leaves. {Poterium sanguisorha.) July. Com- mon. pucciNi^i. 491 1458. Phragmidium bulbosum. Schl. " Bramble BraDd." Uredo-spores. Spots pale, brown or purple on the opposite side, sometimes depressed above ; sori subrotund, aggregate ; epidermis soon bursting ; spores globose or subglobose, echinu- late, bright ochraceous-yellow. — Uredo ruhorum. Eng. Fl. v. p. 382 (partly). Lecytliea ruhorum Lev. Cooke M.F. t. 3, /. 40. CooJceexs.no. 20. Braxd-spores. Hypogenous, with a dull red stain on the upper surface ; spores in large tufts, 4-septate, terminal joint apiculate ; peduncles incrassated, and bulbous at the base. — Schlecht.Fl. Ber.p. 140. Bisch. f. 3861-3900. Bon. t. 2, /. 46. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1854, t. 9, /. 15-17. Aregma bulbosum. Fr. S.JM. iii.^.497. Eng. Fl.Y.p.SoS. Cooke M.F.t. 3,f.U. Cooke L.F. no. 2. Cooke exs.no. 20. Phragmidium incrassatum. Lk. Sp. ii.p. 85. Corda. iv. /. 71. Fckl. exs. no. 314. Puccinia rubi. Sow. t. 400,/. 9. Moug. exs. no. Id3. Baxt.exs.no. S3. On living bramble leaves. Autumn. Common. {Fig 200.) 1459. Phragmidium gracile. Grev. " Easpberry Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots obliterated; sori minute, confluent, forming a small distinct ring ; epidermis bursting ; spores glo- bose, and elongato-pyriform, yellow. — Uredo gyrosa. Eng. FI.y, p. 384. Reb. t. 3,/. 15. Lecytliea gyrosa. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. t. 8,/. 162-164. Cooke, exs. no. 64. Brand-spores. Hypogenous, scattered, in small tufts ; spores 7-9 septate, the terminal joint apiculate; peduncles slender. — Aregma gracile. Eng.Fl.Y.p. 3dS. Cooke 31 .F. t. 3, f. 4:3. Cooke exs. no. 21. Phragmidium effusum. Fckl. exs. no. 316. Puccinia gracilis. Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 428. Baxt. exs. no. 39. On raspberry leaves. Autumn. 1460. Phragmidium obtusum. Link. "Strawberry Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish; sori subrotund, aggregate, often confluent ; spores subglobose, orange. — Lecythea potentil- larum. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. viii.^.374. Uredo potentillarum. Eng. FI.Y. p. 382 (partly). Sow.t. 398,/. 2. Braxd-sporks. Hypogenous, scattered in minute tufts; spores multiseptate ; terminal joint obtuse ; peduncles equal. — Link. Sp. ii. p. 84. Aregma obtusatum. Fr. S.M. iii. j^- ^^^^ 492 PUCCINI^I. Coohe M.F.m.f. 35. Coolce exs. no. 22. E?ig. Fl. v. p. 359. Fckl. exs.no. SIO. Kl.exs.no. 679. Berk.exs.no. 105. Puccinia potentilloe. Grev. t. 37. Bull. t. 504,/. 14. Corda. iv./. 72. On leaves of barren strawberry. (Potentilla fragariastrum.) Autumn. Gen. 166. TRIPHRAGMZUM, Link. Spores trilocular; septa mostly vertical and horizontal. — Berk. Outl.p. 332. (i^e^.202.) Fig. 201. X461. Triphragmium ulmariae. Link. ** Meadow Sweet Brand." Uredo-spores. Effused, broad, pulverulent, on leaves and petioles; spores subglobose, deep orange. — Uromyces uhnaricB^ Lev. Cooke M.F. t. 7,/. 147, 148. Cooke exs. no. 75. Uredo ul- marice, Mart. CcEoma mimatum, Pers. Uredo effusa, Eng. Fl. v. p. 381. Grev. 1. 19. Cooke L.F. no. 25. Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori at first subrotund, covered with the epidermis; at length, when the cuticle has vanished, effuse ; spores brown, subturbinate, divided by a vertical dissepi- ment, shortly pedicellate. — Link. Sp. ii.p. 84. Cooke 31. F. t. iii. /. 48. Cooke exs. no. 2^. Fckl. exs. no. ^11 . Cooke L.F. no. 4:. Corda. iv./. 73. Pay.f. 250. Kl. exs. no. 271, ii. 366. Berk. exs. no. 343. Puccinia ulmarice,Eng. Fl. y.p. 368. Moug. exs. no. 891. On leaves of meadow-sweet (^Spircea ulmaria). Autumn. Common. (i^i^. 201, spores magnified.) Gen. 167. PUCCINIA, Pers. Fig. 202. (1) Uredo spores subglo- bose, (2) brand spores unisep- tate, supported on a distinct peduncle. — Berk. Outl. p. 329. (Fig. 203.) It is probable that, when better known in their development atd mutations, many forms now regarded as distinct species will have to be united. pucciNi^T. 493 1462. Puccinia graminis. Pen. " Com mildew." Uredo-spores. Spots yellow, heajDS oval, scattered, generally on the upper surface ; epidermis at length bursting longitudinally ; spores subglobose, reddish-brown, easily dispersed. — Tricliohasis rubigo-vera, Cooke M.F. t. 7. figs. 140, 149. Cooke exs. no. 24. Uredo rubigo, Eng. Fl. v. p. 375. Uredo linearis, Eng. FI.y. p. 375. Braxd-spores. Spots pale, diffuse ; sori linear, confluent, amphigenous ; spores at length black, clavate, very slightly constricted. — Cooke M.F. t. 4, /. 57-59. Pers. Disp. t. 3,/. 3. Moiig. exs. no. 675. Cooke exs. no. 24. Corda. iy.f. 27. Fckl. exs. no. 319. Kl. exs. no. 79. Bisch.f. 3877. Bo?i. t. \.f. 40. Ann. Sc. Nat. fl854), t. 9,/. 1-8. Uredo frmnenti, Sow. t. 140. On leaves and culms of corn and grass. Autumn. Very common. [United States.] The variety on reeds is very similar, but quite distinct from P. arv/iulinaxea botli in habit and fruit. 14:63. Puccinia arundinacea. Hedw. " Reed Brand." Uredo-spores. Sori elliptic or linear ; spores oblong or sub- globose, yellowish. — Trichobasis linearis. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. ? Brand-spores. Amphigenous ; sori elongated, often con- fluent, emersed, convex, prominent ; spores brown, attenuated in both directions, constricted at the joints, apiculate, on long pedi- cels.— Hedw. in Duby. Bot. \\.p. 889. Corda. iv./. 30. Cooke Seem. Journ. lY.p. 97. Cooke exs. no. 25. Fckl. exs. no. 320. On reed. Common. Differing in habit from the var. arundinisofP. grami/iis, the sori are larger and less numerous, and the spores very distinct. 1464. Puccinia stiiola. Link. " Sedge Mildew." Uredo-spores. Spots red ; sori oval, minute, scattered, sur- rounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores subglobose, reddish, then brown. — Trichobasis caricina. Cooke M.F, t. 8,/. 170, 171. Cooke exs. no. 67. Cooke L.F. no. 33-35, Uredo caricina, Eng.Fl. v._p.376. Grev.t.12. Braxd-spores. Spots pallid; sori linear, crowded, distinct, subconvex ; spores at length black, oblong and slightly con- stricted, or obovate, and not constricted. — Link. Sp. ii.p. 67. Desni. exs. no. 614. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 363. Cooke M. F.p. 196. Kl. exs. no. 468. On sedges, rushes, &c. Autumn. [United States.] 494 pucciNi^T. 1G65. Puccizxia coronata. Corda. " Coronated Mildew." Uredo-spores. Uncertain. Brand-spores. Spots pallid ; sori linear, short, crowded, not confluent, surrounded bj the ruptured epidermis ; spores shortly pedicellate, pallid ; the apex surrounded by obtuse radi- ating teeth.— Cor^Za. i./. 96. Cooke M.F. t. 4,/. 60, 69. Ann.N.H. no. 473. Sturm, t. 3. Cast. Cat. p. 202, t. 2. CooJce exs. no. 26. Fckl. exs no. 322. A7. exs. ii. no. 681. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1847), t. l,f. 28. On yarious grasses. A very neat species, on leaves of the smaller grasses. The coronated spores are very characteristic. 1466. Puccinia truncata. B.S)Br. "Iris Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellow ; sori small, pale red brown, oblong, and linear, scattered or aggregate, bullate ; spores glo- bose, or broadly elliptic, pale brown. — Uromyces iridis. Lev. Cooke M.F. p. 376. Cooke L.F. no. 28. Cooke exs. no. 11 . Uredo iridis. Eng. Fl. y. p. 376. Berk, exs.no. 59. Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori oblong, brown, sur- rounded by the scarious epidermis ; spores oboyate-oblong, eyen, attenuated below, upper cell abruptly truncate. — B. 8^^ Br. Ann, N.H. no. 754. Cooke M.F. ;?. 196. On Iris fcetidissima. Autumn. TVe have found the Brand-spores mixed with the Uredo-spores in the same pustule. 1467. Puccinia aspaiagi. B.C. " Asparagus Brand." Uredo-spores. Uredo Asparagi. Lasch. Kl. exs.no. 1180. Bot. Zeit. 1848, 7?. 509. Brand-spores. Spots none ; sori reddish-brown, generally on the stems, scattered and crowded, surrounded by the rup- tured epidennis; spores oblong, obtuse, constricted ; peduncle white, long, thread-like. — D.C. Fl.Fr. ii. ^j. 595. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 363. Cooke M.F. p. 196. Moug. exs. no. 392. Cooke exs. no. 111. Corda. Ic.iY. f. 32. Fckl. exs. no. 378. Kl.exs.no. 1181, ii. no, 680. On dead stems of asparagus. Autumn. pucciNi^i. 495 1468. Puccinia polygonorum. Linli. " Polygonum Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots red-yellow, widely effused ; sori sub- rotund, scattered, sometimes forming a ring, epidermis at length bursting,- spores somewhat obovate, brown. — Trichobasis polf/- gonorum. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 210. CooJceexs.no. 27. Berk, exs.no. 2^1. Cooke L.F. no. 4:2. Uredo polygonorum. Grev. t. 80. Eng. Fl. x.p. 377. Braxd-spores. Spots yellowish; sori minute, crowded into orbicular patches; spores brown-black, obovate-oblong, fre- quently constricted, with the upper joint globose. — LiJik Sp. ii. p. 69. Eng. Fl. x.p. 363. Cooke M.F. p. 197. Cooke exs. no. 27. Fckl. exs. no. 331. Corda. iv. /. 41-62, ii. /. 20. KL exs. no. 80, 789, 886. Berk. exs. no. 216. Cooke L.F. no. 5. On leaves of various species of Polygonum. Common. [United States.] 1469. Puccinia vaginalium. LinTt. " Knot-grass Brand." Uredo-spores. Uncertain. — JJromyces Polygoni. Fckll Braxd-spores. Spots none; sori hypogenous, subrotund or oblong, at first surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores brown, obtusely ovate; pedicels long, filiform. — Link.Sp.ii.p. 69. Fng.Fl.Y.p.SQS. Cooke M.F. p. 197. On leaves and stems of knot-grass, (Polygonum aviculare.) Autumn. 1470. Puccinia thesii. Oiail. ''Bastard Toad-flax Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Cauline and amphigenous ; sori blackish- brown, small, ronndish, or oblong, convex, scattered, or aggre- gate, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores ovate, ob- tuse, scarcely constricted; pedicels elongated. — Cooke M.F. p. 197. On TJiesium humifusurn. Oct. 1471. Puccinia primulae. Grev. "Primrose Brand." . Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund or oval, aggregate, epidermis at length bursting ; spores ovoid, brown. ■ — JJromyces primulcB Lev. Cooke M.F. p. 211. Uredo primulcB. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 2>11 . 496 pucciNi^i. Brand-spores. HjiDogenous, deep brown, solitary, scattered, or concentric and subconfluent ; spores obovate-oblong, slightly- constricted. — Grev. Fl. Ed. j). 432. Eng. Fl. v. p. 364. Cooke M.F. p. Id7. Cooke exs.no. 28. Berk, exs.no. 3b0. Cooke L.F. no. 6. On leaves of primroses. June — Sept. 1472. Fuccinia veronicarum. D.C. " Yeronica Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori subglobose, aggre- gatC) or circinatiug, central one large ; spores brown, obovate- oblong, more or less constricted. — D.C. Fl.Fr.ii. p. 594. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 364. Cooke M.F.p. 197. Cooke exs. no. 112. Fckl. exs. no. 1547. Kl. exs. no. 1292, ii. no. 682. Cooke L.F. no. 7. On under surface of leaves of Ve?^omca. 1473. Fuccinia glechoxnatis. D.C. " Ground-ivj^ Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots brownish; sori subrotund, scattered, hypogenous ; spots brown, rather short, subelliptic, scarcely at all constricted, — D.C. Fl. Fr. \\.p. 56. Eng. Fl. v.^;. 364. Cooke M.F. t. 4,/. 73-74. Nees. f. 12. Cooke exs. no. 29. Corda. iv./. 35. Fckl. exs. no. 32^. Kl.exs.no. 272. Cooke L.F. no. S. On leaves of ground-ivy, [GlecJioma hederacea.) Sept. and Oct. 1474. Fuccinia xnenthae. Pers. " Mint Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish and brown ; sori subrotund, scattered, subaggregate on the under surface ; epidermis rup- tured ; spores subglobose, brown. — Tricliohasis lahiatanim. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F.p. 209. Cooke L.F. no. 37. Cooke exs. wo. 30. Berk. exs. no. 232-233. Uredo lahiatarum. D.C.Fl.Fr. Yi.p.72. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 378. ^oi^. ^. 398,/. 3. Brand-spores. Spots obliterated; sori varying in size, hypo- genous, subrotund, scattered ; spores at length black, subglo- bose, or angular ; peduncles short. — Pers. Syn. p. 227 , Eng.Fl. Y.p. 364. Cooke M.F. t. 4,/. 69-70. Cooke exs. no. 30. Corda. iv. f. 37. Fckl. exs. no. 335-338. Kl. exs. ii. no. 353. Berk. exs. no, 217. On leaves of mints, &c. Autumn. Common. PTJCciNi^i. 497 1475. Fuccinia scozodoniae. Link. " Wood-sage Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated; sori small, confluent in subrotund patches, hjpogenous ; spores cinnamon ; peduncles very long. — Link. Sp. ii. p. 12. Eng. Fl. v. p. 364. Cooke M.F. p. 197. Cookeexs.no. 31. Cooke L.F.no. 9. Corda. iv./. 33. Fckl. exs. no. 333. Kl. exs. no. 1487. ii. 356. On leaves of Teucrium scorodonia. Autumn. 1476. Fuccinia scrophulariae. Lib. ' Fig-wort Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots jDallid; sori subrotund, oblong, or linear and confluent, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis; spores very much crowded, subglobose or oval, brownish, pli- cate, but not truly septate; pedicels elongated. — Lib. exs. no. 193. Ann. N.H. no. 471. Cooke M.F. p. 197. On leaves of Scrophularia aqiiatica. Bare. 1477. Fuccinia betonicae. B.C. "Betony Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori hypogenous, subro- tund, aggregate, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores very pale-brown, short, obovate, elliptic ; peduncles short. — D.C. Fl. Fr. vi. p. bl. Eng. Fl. v, p. 361:. Cooke M.F. p. 198. Cooke exs. no. W^. Corda. ix. J. 58. Kl. exs. no. 1590, ii. 355. Berk. exs. no. 218. On leaves of Stachys hetonica. June. Usually completely covering the under surface of the leaves. 1478. Fuccinia vincae. Berk. " Periwinkle Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori small, subrotund, and oval, on the under surface, surr(,>unded by the ruptured epider- mis ; spores oval, rather ovoid, brown. — Trichohasis vincce. Cooke M.F. t. 6,/. 130-131. Cooke exs. no. 32. Berk. exs. no. 234. UredovincGB. D.C. FLFr.yi. p.70. Eng. FLY.p.378. Brand-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori hypogenous, scattered, subrotund, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores brown, oblong, slightly constricted, lower cell rather attenuated j Y 498 pucciNi^T. peduncle very short. — Berk. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 364. CooheM.F. t. 6, /. 132. Cooke exs. no. 32. A7. e.rs. 1091, ii. 107. Coohe L.F.no. 10. On leaves of Vinca major. Autumn. The Urpdo-spores and Brand-spores are usually more or less mixed to- gether. Many of the younger leaves are distorted by the parasite. 1479. Fuccinia campanulae. Carm. " Campanula Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Spots ai^parcntlj none ; son large, irregular, crowded, for a long time covered with the epidermis, at length surrounded by it ; spores oblong-ovate, or slightly constricted; peduncles very short. — Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 365. Cooke M.F. p. 198. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 472. Cooke exs. no. 109. Fckl. exs. no. 375. On Campanulce, (Jasione montana, ^-c.) 1480. Fuccinia clandestina. Carm. " Scabious Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori very minute, distinct, but collected together in great numbers, dark-brown ; epidermis evanescent ; spores oblong, very slightly constricted, peduncu- late.— Berk. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 365. Cooke M.F. p. 198. On Scabiosa succisa. Bare. 1431. Fuccinia sparsa. Cooke. " Goat's beard Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots obsolete ; sori on both surfaces, few, scattered, bullate, for a long time covered with the epidermis, oblong, unequal; spores oval, slightly constricted, dark-brown ; epispore minutely tuberculate ; peduncles very short, caducous. — Cooke, exs. no. ooO. On Tragopogon pratensis. Aug. New Cross. Very distinct from P. compositarv.rn , in the larger, sooty sori, which are a long time covered, and very few in number, sometimes only three or four, and in the tuberculate spores. It has only been found amongst or near the exolete pustules of Jilcidivm Tragopogonis. This is clearly not the Fuccinia Tragoijogoids of Corda's Icones. 1482. Fuccinia compositaxum. Sch, " Composite Brand." Uredo-spores. On both sides of the leaf, dark, fuscous, mi- nute, round, scattered, globose, rarely minutely pedicellate. — PTjccixi^i. 499 Trichohasis cichoracearum. Lev. Ann. Sc, Nat. CooJce M.F. p, 208. Cooke exs. no. 68. Cooke L.F. no. 36. Brand-spores. Spots obliterated or whitish; son small, subrotund, generally hypogenous, encircled with the ruptured epidermis ; spores brown, oral, scarcely constricted. — Lk. Sp. ii. p. 75. Berk. Eng. Fl. y. p. 365. Cooke M.F. t. 4,/. 67-68. Cooke exs. no. 33-34. Berk. exs. no. 219. Corda. iv.f. 45. Fckl. exs. no. 344. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1847) t. IJ. 22-27. Kl. exs. no. 274, ii. 194. Cooke L.F. no.ll-12. On leaves of CentaurecB, &c. Autumn. Common. [United States.] 1483. Pucciuia discoidearuxn. Link. " Mug- wort Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots obliterated, brownish on the opposite side ; sori subglobose and oyal, minute, scattered, on both sur- faces; epidermis soon ruptured; spores subglobose, brownish. TricJiobasis artemisice. Lev. Uredo artemisicE. Ann. N.H.yio.lSQ. Berk. exs. no. 235. Berk. Outl. p. 332. Berk. exs. no. 235. Cooke M.F. ^.209. Cooke exs. wo. 1 15. Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori subrotund, minute, surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epidermis ; sporidia brown, oblong or oyoid, somewhat rhomboidal, with both cells attenuated and triangular ; peduncles elongated. — Link. Sp. Fl. ii.p. 73. Kl. exs.no. 190, ii. 685. Corda. iy. t. 4,/. 43. Cooke exs. no. 35. P. tanaceti. B.C. Fl.Fr. ii.p. 222. Fckl. exs. no. 341. P. ahsinthi. D.C. Fl. Fr.Yi.p. 58. P. artemisiarum. Kze. exs. no. 93. P . artemisice. Fckl.exs.no. 360. On Artemisia maritima and Tanacetum vulgare. 1484. Fuccinia syngenesiazuxn. Link. " Thistle Brand." Uredo-spores. Uredo cirsii. Lasch. Braxd-spgres. SjDots obliterated ; sori minute, collected in oval blackish-brown, raised spots, covered with the epidermis ; spores brown ; peduncles very short. — Lk. Sp. ii. p. 74. Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 365. Cooke M.F. t. 4,/. 63, 64. Cooke, exs. no. 35. Corda. iv.f. 53. Cooke L.F. no. 13. P. cirsii, Fckl. exs. no. 340. On leaves of Thistles. Autumn. Common. Distinguished from P. compodtaruni by the sori being collected into orbi- cular heaps, as well as other features. Y 2 500 PUCCINL3EI. 1485. Puccinia glomerata. Grev. " Eagwort Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori solitary or regularly crovrded, siibrotund and oval, on the under surface, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores subglobose, orange. — Tricho- basis senecionis, Berk. Outl.p. 332. Cooke M.F. t. 7,/. 145, 146. Cooke exs. no. GQ. Uredo senecionis. Eng. Fl. v. p. 379. Desm. exs. no. 673. Brand- SPORES. Spots pale, sori roundish, depressed, often confluent ; spores oblong, very variable ; peduncles short. — Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 365. Cooke M.F. p. 198. Cooke exs. no. 37. Berk. exs. no. 220. On leaves of Eagwort, ( Senecio jacoboea.) Somewhat similar in habit to P. syngenesiarum, but more pulverulent. 1486. Puccinia virgaureae. Lil). " Golden-rod Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Spots orbicular, pallid, then yellowish. Sori blackish-brown, minute, punctiform, shining, clustered, nearly stellate, convex ; sporidia oblong, subconstricted, yellowish-brown above, attenuated and yellowish-white below ; peduncles short. — Lib. exs. no. 393. Corda. iv. t. 5,/. 42. Cooke Seem. Journ. Rabh. Fl.p. 24. Cooke exs. no. 45. Dothidea solidaginis, Q, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 362. Xyloma, D.C. Mem. du Mus. t. 3,/. 12. Asteroma atratum^ Chev. Fl. Par. p. 449. Fckl. exs. no. 343. Kl. exs. ii. no. 1989. On leaves of Solidago virgaurea, August. Very characteristic in the stellate, or radiate and dendritic arrangement of the minute sori. 1487. Puccina variabilis. Grev. " Variable Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Sori amphigenous, minute, roundish, sur- rounded by the ruptured epidermis, nearly black ; spores vari- able, obtuse, cells often subdivided ; peduncle very short. — Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 365. Grev. t. 75. Cooke M.F. t. 4. J. 82, 83. Corda iv./. 64. Anl. B.f. 4, 5. On leaves of Dandelion. Summer and autumn. 1488. Puccinia valantiae. Pers. " Crosswort Brand." Uredo-spores ? Tridiobasis galii. Lev. in part ? Brand -spores. Spots obliterated; sori small, subrotund, PUCCINI^T. 501 scattered or crowded; spores pale-brown, obovate, attenuated below, the upper segment globular, easily separating. — Pers. Si/n.p.227. Eng.Fl.Y.p.mh. Cooke Eng. Fl.Y.p.ldS. Cooke exs. 710.38. Kl. exs. no, 697. Cooke L.F. no. 14. On Galium cruciatum. Autumn. 1489. Puccinia galiorum. Link. " Bedstraw Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish; sori subrotund, aggregate, closed; spores globose, reddish. — Trichohasis galii^Berk. Outl. p. 332. Cooke M.F.p. 209. Cooke exs. no. 72. Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori hypogenous, partly covered with and surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, scat- tered; spores brown. — Link. Sp. ii. p. 76. Eng. Fl. v.p. 366. Cooke M.F. t. 8, f. 172, 173. Fckl. exs. no. 351. Kl. exs. ii. no. 792. Ann. N.R. no. 263. On leaves of several species of Galium, and Asperula odorata. [United States.] 1490. Puccinia difformis. Kunze. *' Goosegrass Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots yellowisli ; sori variable, compact, often in rings ; epidermis bullate ; spores obovate, obtuse, on short pedicels, brown. — Cooke M. F. Ed. ii. p. 223. Cooke exs. no. 113. On Galium aparine. Autumn. Usually occurring on or near spots previously occupied by JEcidium galii. Very distinct from either Puccinia galiorum or P. valantice, the sori are firm and compact like little spots of pitch. 1491. Puccinia uxnliellifexairuni. B.C. " Pignut Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund and ovate, scattered, on the under surface, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores ovate, oval, and oblong in the same heap, brown. — Trichobasis umhellataimm, Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 209. Cooke exs. no, 42, J. Cooke L.F. no. 38. Uredo umhella- tarum, Johnst, Fl. Bei^w. ii.p. 202. Berk. Eng. Fl. Y,p. 380. Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated; sori small and scattered, subrotund, surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epider- mis ; spores brown, broadlv elliptic, much constricted ; peduncle short.— Z).C. Fl. Fr. \i.p. 58. Eng, Fl. v. p. 366. Cooke. M.F. t. 4,/ 71. 72. Cookeexs.no. 39,4.0. Fckl. exs. nos. 364,-369. P. 602 pucciNi^i. tumida, Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 430. Eiirj. Fl. y.p. 3GG. Corda. iv. /. 49. XL exs. no. 1186, u.34:S, 349. Berk. exs. no. 221. Cooke L.F. no. 15. On various Umhelliferce. Common. 1492. Fuccinia heraclei. Grev. "Hog-weed Brand." Uredo-spques. On tlie under surface, scattered, sometimes subconfluent, roundish, light brown; spores obovate, with a very short peduncle. — Tricliobasis heraclei, Lev. Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 380. Cooke .M.F. p. 20d. Brand-spores. Hypophyllous, blackish, surrounded by the ferruginous epidermis ; spores crowded, very obtuse, subovate, slightly constricted ; cells nearly equal ; stem very short. — Puce, heraclei, Grev. t. 42. On Heracleum spondylium. Dr. Greville says "if- diflfers in being mnch larger, more depressed than P. TJmlellifera.ram, and surrounded by the epidermis, which is very fugacious in the other." 1493. Puccinia apii. Corda. " Celery Brand." Uredo-spores. Spores pale cinnamon, oval, obtuse, or irregu- lar.— Uredo apii, Wall. ii. p. 203. Brand-spores. Sori large, confluent, red-brown, powdery ; spores oblong, constricted, brown ; episj)ore smooth, thick ; pedi- cels short, attenuated. — Corda. vi./. 11. Cooke M.F. ed. \i.p). 224. Cookeexs.no. 4:0a. Fckl. exs. no. 362. Ann. H.H. no. 114:7. Cooke L. F. no. 16. On leaves of celery. Autumn. 1494. Puccinia aegopodii. LinK " Gout-weed Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots brown; sori minute, subrotund and elongated, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, often circina- ting, and forming roundish patches ; sjDores brown ; peduncles very short. — Lk. Sp. ii. p. 11. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 366. Cooke M.F. p. 199. Corda. iv./. 48. Fckl. exs. no. 353. Kl. exs. no. 273, ii. 687. On jEgopodium podagraria. Rare. 1495. Puccinia saniculae. Grev. " Sanicle Brand." Uredo-spores. Spores globose. — Eng. Fl. Y.p. 380 ; sub Uredo umhellatarum. pucciNi^i. 503 Braxd-spores. Orbicular, variable in size, blackish-brown, scattered, rather confluent ; spores very obtuse ; peduncles some- what elongated. — Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 431. Eng. FL y.p. 366. Cooke M.F. p. 199. Cooke exs. no. 41. Kl. exs. ii. 350. Cooke L.F. no. 17. Berk. exs. no. ^1d. On leaves of Sanicula europoea. Summer and autumn. " There is a disposition in the smaller punctiform pustules to form a circle round the larger ones." — Grev. 1496. Puccinia bullaria. Link. " Hemlock Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori subrotund or oblong, covered with the epidermis ; spores brown ; peduncle short, nearly obsolete. — Lk. Sp. ii. p. 78. Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 366. Cooke M.F. p. 199. Cooke exs. no. 42 h. Pers. Ohs. i. t. 2,/. 5. Berk. exs. no. 57. On dry stems of Conium maculatum and other Umhelliferce. [United States.] 1497. Fuccima sxnyrnii. Corda. " Alexander's Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots obliterated; sori hypogenous, large, solitary, scattered, brown ; spores ovoid, obtuse, verrucose, slightly constricted, minutely pedicellate. — Corda. i.f. 67. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 469. Cooke M.F. t. 3,/. 55-56. Cooke exs. no. 320. Corda Icon. iv.f. 67, On leaves of Smyrnium olusatrum. Remarkable for its coarsely tuberculated spores. One of the finest of the British species, but not very common. 1498. Puccinia anemones. Pers. " Anemone Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots obliterated; sori subrotund, sur- rounded by the ruptured epidennis, scattered, aggregate, and confluent ; spores brown, very much constiicted, consisting of two nearly globose portions, echinulate ; peduncles very short. — Pers. Syn. p. 226. Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 367. Cooke M.F. t. 4,/. 64-65. Cooke exs. no. 4:'^. Baxt. exs. no. 82. Moiig.exs.no. 191. Corda. iv. /. 69. Fckl. exs. no. 372. Kl. exs. no. 467, ii. 346. Berk. exs. no. 222. Cooke L.F. no. 18. Conjurer of Clialgrave's Fern, fide Ray. 504 pucciNi^i. On leaves of Anemone nemorosa. April. May. Common. [United States]. One of the commonest species. The echinulate spores are very pretty. 1499. Fuccinia calthee. Link. " Marsh Marigold Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots brownisli ; sori small, subrotund, con- vex, surrounded by tbe ruptured epidermis, scattered ; spores obovate, attenuated below, sligbtly constricted ; peduncle very sliort. — TAnk. Sp. ii. p. 80. Berk. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 367. Cooke M.F. p. 199. Cooke exs.no. 114. Corda.vr.f. 40. Fckl. exs. no. 370. Kl. exs. no. 465, ii. 344. On leaves of Caltha palustris. Spring. 1500. Fuccinia asari. Kunze. "Asarabacca Brand." Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori small, subglobose, crowded, or circinating, ultimately confluent, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, usually forming a large, roundish, convex, pulverulent mass ; spores brown, elliptic, constricted. — Cooke 31. F. ed. ii.p. 224. Cooke exs. no. 110. Fckl. exs. no. 376. On leaves of Asarum europwum. July. N. "Wales. The large, round, pulverulent masses of confluent sori make this species very conspicuous. 1501. Fuccinia noli-tangeris. Corda. " Balsam Brand." Uredo-spores. Spores subglobose, brown, pulverulent, with a short evanescent peduncle. — Uredo impatientis. Rahh. D.C. Fl. no. 35. Rahh. exs. no. 288. Brand-spores. Spots irregular, confluent, brownish ; sori gregarious, reddish-brown ; spores oblong, obtuse or attenuated, distinctly apiculate, brown ; peduncles rudimentary. — Corda. iv. f.bl. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. lOU. Cooke 31. F. p. 199. Cooke exs. no. 44. Fckl. exs. no. 1672. Kl. exs. no. 1182, ii. 340. Cooke L.F.no.l9. On leaves of Impatiens fulva and nnli-tangere. 1502. Fuccinia violazum. Link. " Violet Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund, scattered, generally on the under surface ; epidermis ruptured, persistent ; spores subglobose, brown. — Trichobasis violarum. Lev. Ann. Sc, puccixi^i. 505 Nat. Coo7:e 3f.F. p. 210. CooJceexs.no.AQ. Coo^e L.F.no. 4^. Uredo violarum. D.C. FL Fj\Yi.p.72. Eng. Fl. v. p. 380. Sow. t 440. Braxd-spores. Spots jellowish; sori hypogenoiis, small, crowded, covered witli the epidermis, then siirromided by it ; spores brown, elliptic, or broadly elliptic, slightly constricted. — Link. Sp. ii. p. 80. Eng. FL y. p. 367. Cooke M.F. p. 200. Cooke exs. no. 46. Fckl. exs. no. 374. Kl. exs. no. 473, ii. 196. Berk. exs. no. 223. On leaves of violets. Autumn. Common. 1503. Puccinia lychnideaxum. Link. " Lychnis Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots pallid yellowish ; sori subrotund plane, scattered on the under surface, cinnamon, at length brownish; epidermis ruptured ; spores globoso-ovoid, sessile, or shortly pedicellate. — Trichobasis lijchnidearum. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 20d. Brand-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund or oblong, unequal, scatttered, rarely confluent ; spores white, at length brown, elongated, oblong, slightly constricted.-— Z^?^^^ Sp. ii. p. 80. Berk. Eng. FL v. p. 367. Cooke M.F. p. 200. Cooke exs. no. 47. Corda. iv.f. 38. FckL exs. no. 366-369. Kl. exs. no. 1147, ii. 683. Ung. exs. t. 6, /. 33. Berk. exs. no. 224. P. mcehringice. FckL exs. no. 1934. Cooke exs. no. 297. Cooke L.F. no. 21. On leaves and stems of Lychnis, Sagina, Arenaria, &c. I cannot think that Pnxcinia mcehringice, on the leaves of Arenaria trinervis is entitled to be regarded as a distinct species. 1504. Puccinia umbilici. Guep. " Penny-wort Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Seated on pallid spots ; sori round, convex, compact, at length confluent in large orbicular patches ; spores subglobose, not constricted, shortly pedicellate. — Guep. Bot. GalLp. 890. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H.no.AlO. Berk. exs. no. 329. Ooo^^J/.i^. ^. 4,/. 80-81. Cooke exs.no. 48. Cooke L.F. no. 20. On Cotyledon umbilicus. 1505. Puccinia rhodiolse. B. 4' Br. " Stone-crop Brand." Uredo-spores? Brand-spores. Spots orbicular, brown ; sori minute, crowded ; spores shortly pedicellate ; articulations depressed, Y 5 506 pxTcciNi^rr. sometimes spuriously suhdivided. — Berh. in Gard. Fl. Forf. p. 296. B. 4- Br. Ann.^N.H. no. 468. Cooke M.F. p. 200. On leaves of Sedum rhodiola. Summer. Rare. The articulations are sometimes spuriously subdivided, showing a tendency to the structure of TripJoxigmium. — B.d: Br. 1506. Puccinia saxifragarum. Schl. " Moschatel Brand." UREDO-SrORES ? Braxd-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori subrotund, scat- tered, crowded and confluent, when young surrounded by the epidermis : spores red-brown, rather short, oblong, slightly con- stricted.— Link. Sp.ii.p.SO. Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 367. Cooke M.F. p. 200. Corda. iv.f. 59. Fckl. exs. no. 371. On both surfaces of leaves of Adoxa moschatellina, &c. Sum- mer. [United States.] 1507. Puccinia chrysosplexiii. Grev. " Saxifrage Brand." Uredo-spores ? Braxd-spores. Sori of various sizes, few together and con- fluent, pale brown ; spores long, somewhat waved, much attenu- ated at either extremity; peduncle elongated. — Grev. Eng. Fl. Y.p.367. Cooke M.F. p. 200. On the under surface of the leaves of Chrysosplenium oppositi- folium. Very rare. 1508. Puccinia epilobii. B.C. "Willow Herb Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund, scattered, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, often on the under sur- face ; spores subglobose, brown. — Triclwhasis epilobii. Berk, Oidl. p. 3o3. Cooke M.F. p. 210. Uredo epilobii. Eng.Fl.Y.p. 381. Braxd- SPORES. Spots pale ; sori hypogenons, subrotund, crowded ; epidermis evanescent ; spores effuse, cinnamon, broadly elliptic, strongly constricted ; peduncles very short. — D.C. Fl. Fr.yi.p.61. Berk.Eng. FI.y. p. 3Q8. Cooke M.F. p. 200. Corda iv. /I 51. Fckl. exs. no. 339. Kl. exs, no. 1184. Berk. exs. no, 349. Ou Epilobiumpalustre, pucci:N"iiEi. 507 1509. Puccinia pulverulenta. Grev. " Great willow-herb Brand." Uredo-spoees. Sori scattered or subrotund ; spores sub- globose, brown. — Trichohasis epilobii. Berk. Oatl.p. 333 [partly). Cooke M.F. p. 210 (in fart). Brand-spores. Sori hypogenoiis, dark-brown, scattered or subconfluent, open, concentric ; sjDores minute, obovate, slightly constricted, lower cell rather attenuated ; peduncle not very shoYi.— Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 432. Eng. Fl. v. /;. 368. Cooke M.F. t. 4, /. 78-79. Cooke exs.no. 49. Berk, exs.no. lOS. On leaves of Epilohium montanum and E. hirsutum. Aug. Sept. Common. " Spores scarcely ' obtusely oval,' but obovate, slightly constricted, the lower eeU attenuated slightly; stem not very short. Certainly nearly allied to P. epilobii, but distinct in the form of the spores." — JEng. Fl. 1510. Puccinia ciirceae. Pers. " Night-shade Brand." Uredo-spores. Sori minute, crowded, subrotund, slightly confluent on the under surface; spores irregular, ovate, small, ochraceous. — Uredo circcece, A. ^ S. Cooke M.F. 1. 1 ,f. 135, 136. Cooke exs. no. 62. Berk. exs. no. 342. Cooke L.F. no. 31. Brand-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori minute, semi-globose, crowded into subrotund patches, occasionally confluent, generally covered with the epidermis ; spores brown, oblong, often acute, sometimes obtuse; peduncles long, thick. — Pers. Syn.p.22S. Eng. Fl. \.p. 368. Cooke M.F. p. 200. Cooke exs. no. 50. Moug. exs. no. 192. Desm.exs.no. 615. Corda.iY.f.34:. Fckl. exs.no. 328-1548. Berk. exs. no. 319. Kl.exs. ?io.464.ii. 357. On the leaves of Circcea lutetiana 4' C. aljnna. Autumn. []\Iaine, U.S.] 1511. Puccinia prunoaruxn. Linh. " Plum-tree Brand." Uredo-spores. Seated on definite yellowish spots ; sori on the under surface scattered or in clusters, very minute, roundish, or oblong ; spores at length rusty-brown, subglobose. — Tricho- hasis rhamni, Cooke Seem. Journ.\i.p.d44z. Cooke M. F.jj. 210. Trichohasis pruni-spinosce, Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Brand-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori hypogenous, subro- tund, scattered ; epidermis obliterated ; spores brown, peduncles 508 PIJCCINIiEI. very short. — Linh. Sp. n.p. 82. Eng. Fl. v. p. 368. Cooke M.F. p. 201. Cooke exs. no. 51. Baxt. exs. no. 83. Fckl. exs. no. 330. Cooke L.F. no. 22. Corda. iv.f. 68. Kl. exs. no. 590. On leaves of plum-tree, Rhamnus catharticus, &c. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] 1512. Fuccinia fabae. Link. " Bean Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots obliterated ; son subrotimd and oval ; bullate, scattered and aggregate, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores ovoid, brown. — Trichobasis fahcB, Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 20^. Cooke exs. no. 11. Cooke L.F. no. 41. Brand-spores. Spots none ; sori subrotund, or elongated, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores at length black, ovato-globose ; peduncle slender. — Link. SpAi. p. 82. Eng. FL Y.p.3Q9. Cooke M.F. p. 201. Ung.Exan.t.7.f.8dB.F.globosa. Grev. t. 29. On beans. Aug. — Sept. [United States.] 1513. Puccinia fallens. CooJte. " Clover Brand." Uredo-spores. Spots obliterated ; sori amphigenous, nu- merous, scattered, subrotund, brown, surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epidermis ; spores subovate ; pedicels short, hya- line, evanescent ; epispore verrucose. — Cooke Seem. Journ. vol. iv. 1866. Cooke L.F. no. ^0. Uredo fallens, Desmz. Ann. des Sc. Nat. ser. 3, iii.|?. 357. Exs. ed. i. no. 1325. ed. ii. no. 725. Braxd-spores. Sori few and small, scattered, intermixed with pustules of Uredo-spores ; sporidia obovate, on rather long pedicels of a tawny colour, and slightly constricted at the septum ; epispore smooth. — Cooke Seem. Journ. vol. iv. 1866. On Vicia sepiujn and Trifolium. 1514. Puccinia buxi. B.C. " Box Brand.** Uredo-spores ? Brand-spores. Spots none ; sori subrotund, convex, scat- tered ; spores brown, oblong, rather strongly constricted, lower cell slightly attenuated; peduncle very long. — D.C. Fl. Fr.vi. p. 60. Eng. Fl. V. p. 369. Cooke M.F. p. 201. Cooke exs. no. 52. Sow. i. 439. Moug. exs. no. 676. Kl. exs. no. 1992, ii. 684. Berk, exs. no. 109. Cooke L.F. no. 23. PTJCCINI^I. 509 Gen. 168. GYMNOSFORANGZUIYE, D.O. Fig. 203. 1515. Peduncles ex- tremely long, ag- glutinated by gela- tine into a tremel- loid expanded mass ; spores uni-septate. — Berk. Outl. p. ^30. Eng.Fl. y. p. 361. {Fig. 203.) Gymnosporangium junipexi. Lk. Forming a soft, gelatinous, irregular, orange mass ; spores ovate or subelliptic, filled with subglobose granules. — FcU. exs. no AIS. Bisch.f. SS81. Berk. Outl.t.2,f. o. Eng. Fl.Y.p.3Ql. Nees.f.23a. Cooke JI.F. p. 201. On living twigs of Juniperus communis. [United States.] Forming a very soft, gelatinous, irregular, orange mass, whichidriesup, so as frequently to leave scarcely any trace. — M. J. B. ^Fiy. 203.) Gen. 169. FODZSOMA, Lk. Peduncles extremely long, agglutinated by gelatine into a common stem, spreading out above into a clavarice- form mass ; spores mostly uniseptate. — Berk.Outl.p.331. {Fig. 204.) Fig. 204. 510 PUCCINI^I. 1516. Podisoma juniperi. Fr. " Juniper Podisoma." Orange, clavarijeform, somewhat branched ; stroma simple ; spores very long, lanceolate, filled with elliptic granules. — Fr. S.M.n\.p.hm. E7ifj.FLv.p.8Q2. Bull. t. 4:27 ,fA. Berk.exs. no. lOQf. Cooke M. P.p. 201. Cooke exs.no. 125. Fckl. exs. no. 415. Bisch.f. SS80. Pa?/.f.3b4r. Ann. Sc. Nat. {lSD4.),t, 10, f. 1-12. On living branches of Juniperus communis. April. [Mid. Carolina.] CErsted regards this as a form of Jicestelia lacerata. {Fig. 204.) 1517. Podisoma sabinae. Ft'. " Savin Podisoma." Red-brown, tuberculiform and clavate, simple ; stroma obliter- ated ; spores obovate, uniseptate. — Fng. Fl. v. p. 362. Nees. f. 15. Pers. Disp. t. 2,/. 1. Eng. Bot. t. 710. Fckl. exs. no. 416. Bisch.f. 3882-3883. Berk. Outl. t. 2, /. 4. Cooke M.F. p. 201. Berk. exs. no. 107. On living branches of Juniperus sahince. April. May. According to CErsted, this is a condition of Rcestelia cancellata. 1518. Podisoma foliicolum. B. " Jimiper-leaf Podisoma." Epiphyllous, brown-black masses, subglobose, subelliptic, or irregular, consisting of radiating, crowded, very slender, agglu- tinated filaments, each bearing an elliptic or clavate, very obtuse spore, 3 to 5-septate. — Berk. Eng.Fl. v. p. 362. Cooke M.F. p. 201. Fckl.exs.no.A^l^:. On living leaves of common juniper. Masses subelliptic or irregular, dark brown-black, consisting of radiating, crowded, very slender, agglutinated filaments each bearing an elliptic or clavate, very obtuse spore with 3-5 septa. Some of the filaments are simply clavate and barren.— il/. /. B. C^OMACEI. 511 Order XVI. CJEOMACEI. Parasitic on living plants ; peridium absent ; spores of one or two orders, simple. C^OMACET. Spores of one order- Simple and free. Without appendages. Springing from delicate threads Produced in separate cells. Deeply seated, pulverulent Generally nearly black Superficial . Yellow or brown Not inclosed in separate cells With peduncles. Deciduous , Permanent . Compound. Irregular Subglobose or shell -shaped Spores of two orders — 1. Sphasrical 2. Cylindrical, septate . 1. Sphserical 2. Wedge-shaped, compact 1. Concatenate, exposed 2. Sphserical, myceloid Tilletia. [■ UstUago. } ] JJreclo. Lecythea, Trichobasis. Uromyces. Urocysfis. Tuburci'/iia, ColeospoHum. Melampsora. Cystopv.s. Fig. 205. Gen. 170. TILLETIA, Tul. Spores spliEerical, reticulated, proceed- ing from delicate branched threads. — Berh. Outl.p. 335. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847. {^Fig. 205.) Tilletia caries. Tul. " Bunt." Included within the germen ; spores spherical, rather large, black, reticulated. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847, vii. t. 5, /. 1-16. Cooke M.F. p. 202, t. v. /. 84-91. Berk. Eort. Journ, ii. p. 113. Cooke Qiiek. Journ. i.^^. 167. Cooke exs. no. 53. Tul. Ann. Sc.Nat. 4:th. ser. ii. 1. 12, f. 1-26. Uredofceticla. Bauer Ann. Sc. Nat. 1824, ii. t. l,f. 17-20. Uredo caries, Eng. Fl. v. p. 375. Ditm. t. 34. Berk, exs.no. lid. 1519. 512 C^OMACEI. On wheat, filling the grains. Autumn. Common. [United States.] Foetid when crushed. For particulars regarding the germination of these spores, see paper by Rev. M, J. Berkeley, in Horticultural Journal, and by the author in Quekett Journal, i. p. 167. {Fig. 205.) Gen. 171. USTILAGO, Link. Plant deeply seated ; sjoores simple, spring- ing from delicate threads, or in closelj packed cells, ultimately breaking up into a powdery mass. — Berk. Outl.p. 33b. {Fig. 206.) Fig. 206. 1520. XJstilago cazbo. Tul. " Corn Smut." Produced on the receptacle and rachis ; epidermis soon rup- tured; spores loose, minute, globose, black. — Tul. Ann. Sc.Nat. 1847), t. 3, /. 1-12. Ustilago segetmn. Ditm. t. 33. Cooke M.F. i. 5,/. 1)8-99. Cooke exs.no. 'bi:. Corda. iv. /. 9. Uredo segetum. Pers. Syn.p. 224. Moug. exs. no. 291. Baxt. exs. no. 43. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 374. Bull t. 472,/. 2. Kl. exs. no. 81. On the ears of corn and grasses. Autumn. Common. [United States.] 1521. Ustilago urceoloium. Tul. " Sedge Smut." Produced on the glumes and utricles ; epidermis soon burst- ing ; spores in a compact mass, afterwards breaking up, globose, rather large, granulated. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1847), vii. t. 4,/. 7-10. Cooke M.F.t.e.f. 109-111. Nees. f. 6. Kl. exs. no. 195. Uredo urceolornm. B.C. Fl. Fr. \\.p. 78. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 375. Sow. t. 396,/. 4. Berk. exs. no. 114. Surrounding the seed of various Carices as Carexprcecox, stel- lulata, recurva, d^ndi pseudo-cyperus. Autumn. Rather common. [Mid. and Up. Carolina.] 1522. Ustilago longissima. Tul. " Elongated Smut." Produced on the leaves in linear, long, parallel, dirty-olive patches ; epidermis bursting longitudinally ; spores globose, breaking up into minute granules, olive-black. — Tul. Ann. Sc, Nat. (1847), vii.^^, 76. Cooke M.F. t. 5,/. 105-107. Cooke exs. no. 55. Uredo longissima. Sow.t. 139. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 376. Berk, exs, no. 230. Kl. exs. no. 84. CiEOMACEI. 513 On leaves of Poa aquatica and P. Jluitans. Summer. Com- mon. " Giving the leaves a very remarkable appearance." — Eag. Fl. 1523. Ustilago olivacea. Tul. " Olive Smut." Infesting the enlarged receptacle ; epidermis soon bursting ; spores olive-green, powdery, minute, mixed with filaments. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (18-47;. Cooke M.F. t. 6,/. 126,127. Cooke exs.no. 298, vii. t. 4,/. 11. Uredo olivacea^ Eng. Fl. Y.p. 376. On Car ex riparia. 1524. Ustilago hypodytes. Fr. *' Grass-culm Smut." Produced on the culms beneath the sheaths, afterwards ex- posed; spores minute, subglobose, brownish-black. — Tul. Ann. ;Sc.iV^a^(1847), vii.^.3./. 14. Cooke M.F. t.h,f.lOO,l(}l. Cooke exs. no. 56. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 256, 481. Uredo hypodytes, Desm. exs. no. 473. Kl. exs. no. 83. On the culms of various grasses. Summer. [Low. Carolina.] 1525. Ustilago maydis. Corda. '* Maize Smut." Produced on the stems, germens, &c. ; epidermis at length bursting ; spores spherical, minute, brownish-black, surface covered with echinulate warts. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1847), vii. t. 2. Cooke M.F. t. o,f. 108. Kl.exs.no. 193. Corda. Icon. iy. 3. Philip. Traite. t. 5, 6, 7. On stems, &c., of Zea mays. [United States.] (Fig. 206, spores magnified.) 1526. Ustilago znontagnei. Tnl. "Beaksedge Smut." Produced on the seeds ; epidermis bursting ; spores slightly angular, small, dark-coloured, intermixed sparingly with fragile filaments. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1847), vii, t. 5,/. 31. Cooke M.F. t. 5,/. 96, 97. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 479. On seeds of Rhyncospora alba, [Low. Carolina.] 1527. Ustilago grandis. Tul. "Reed Smut." Produced on the stems of reeds, forming thick bullate patches several inches long, occupying whole internodes, covered by their sheath ; spores globose, rather large. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. { 1847), vii^. 78. Ustilago typhoides, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 480. Cooke M.F. t. 6,f. 128, 129. 514 C^OMACEI. On stems of Arundo ph^agmiiis. Autumn. ** Forming thick bullate patclies several inches in length, occupying whole internodes covered by their sheath. Spores larger than in U. hypodytes and ?7. longissima" — B. dt Br. 1528. Ustilago salveii. B.&Br. *' Cocksfoot Smut." Produced on the leaves, foraiing elongated parallel sori on the "upper surface ; spores obovate, rather large, rough, with minute granules.—^. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 482. Cooke M.F. t. G,f. 117- 18. Cooke exs. no. 57. On leaves of Dactyles glomerata and other grasses. A distinct and interesting species, exhibiting in its spores the type of an Uredo rather than of Ustilago. Spores four times as long as in U. longissima. ^B.ctBr. 1529. Ustilago grammica. B. d: Br. " Banded Smut." Forming little transverse bands, consisting of short parallel black lines ; spores globose, very minute. — B. 4' -S?'- Ann. N.H. no. 483. Cooke M.F. t. 6,f. 120-122. On stems of Air a aquatica and A. coespitosa. Eare. Forming little transverse fascise, consisting of short parallel black lines, a line or more in length. Spores far smaller than in U. longissima, not ex- ceeding one-third of their diameter. — Z>. d'^A 1530. Ustilago vinosa. Tul, " Oxyria Smut." Produced on the swollen receptacles ; spores roundish, very small, and minutely papillose, separately pellucid, in clusters, violaceous. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1847), vii.^. 96. Cooke M.F. p. 204. B.4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 4.^4.. On the swollen receptacles of Oxyria reniformis. Spores smaller than in U, vArvculosa^ and merely papillate, instead of be- ing reticulated. — B. <£• Br. 1531. Ustilago utriculosa. Tul. " Utricle Smut." Produced in the germen and perigonium ; epidermis soon ruptured ; spores effuse, minute, globose, purple-black. — Tul. Ann.Sc.Nat.(l^\l), vii.;?. 102, f. 4, /. 2-6. Cooke, M.F. t. 6, f. 112-116. Cooke exs. no. 58. Uredo utriculosa, Corda. ii. /. 12. Eng. Fl. v. p. 377. Nees.f. 6. On Polygonum hydropiper and other Polygona. Autumn. Common. [United States.] C^OMACEI. 515 1532. Ustilago flosculorum. Tul. " Floret Smut." Produced witliin the florets ; spores minute, purplish-brown. Tul. Ann. Sc.Nat. (1847), vii.^. 99. Cooke M.F. t. 6./. 123-125. JJredo Jlosculoi^m, Fr. S.M. iii. ^. 318. Sow. t. 396,/. 2 ? Eng. Fl. v.^. 379. On florets of Scahiosa arvensis. 1533. Ustilago receptaculorum. Fr. " Goatsbeard Smut." Produced within the receptacles ; spores ovate, minute, re- ticulated, violet-brown, nearly black, very profuse, filling the re- ceptacle.— Tul. Ann. Sc. JSfat. (1817), vii. t. 4,/. 1. Coohe M.F. t. v./. 92-95. Cooke exs.no. b^. Uredo receptaculorum. Desm. exs. no. 128. On receptacles of Tragopogon pratensis. June. July. Com- mon. 1534. Ustilago anthezaruxn. Fr. '• Anther Smut." Produced on the anthers and germens ; spores subglobose, effuse, violet. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1817), vii. i. 4,/. 12-19, ^. 5, /. 23. Cooke M.F. t. 5,/. 102-104. Soiv. t. 396, /. 1. Kunze exs. no. 218. Uredo antherarum. Eng.Fl. y.p. 381. Nees. t.i. f. 5. Kl. exs. no. 192. On the anthers of Silene, Lychnis, &c. Common. [United States.] Gen. 172. THECAPHORA, Fing. Spores oblong or subglobose, smooth, or echinulate, agglomerated together, few or many, into more or less angular masses enclosed in cysts. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847. {Fig. 207.) Fig. 207. 1535. Thecaphora hyalina. Fing. "Hyaline Thecaphora." Spores globose or oblong, minute, enclosed in large, hyaline, sub-hexagonal cysts. — Fing. Linn. x. p. 230. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1847),vii.;9. 109. B.4'.Br.Ann.N.R.(lS66)no. 1148. Besm. exs. no. 274. Cooke exs. tio. 313* In capsules of Convolvulus soldanella. Aug. King's Lynn. Exmouth. 516 C^OMACEI. There is no external evidence in the capsule of the presence of this smut, and it is only by breaking it open that the Tkecaphora can be seen. Itraiseg the testa of the green seed like a dark-coloured blister. The affected seeds shrivel, and do not become of the normal black colour. {t'vj- 207-) Gen. 173. TUBURCZNIA, Fr. Plant deeply seated ; cellular, siibglobose, or Berk. Outl. p. 335. spores multi- conch iform. — {Fig. 208.) Fig. 208. 1536. Tuburcinia scabies. B. " Potato Scab." Spores globose, composed of minute cells, forming together a hollow globe, with one or more lacuna?, generally attached late- rally by a slender thread, olive. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 489. Berk. Ilort. Journ. i. t. 4, /. 30-31. Cooke M.F. t. 3,/. 54. Rahh. exs.no. 900. On potatoes. The spores of this species are very curious ; they are composed of minute cells, forming together a hollow globe, with one or more lacunae communi- cating with the external air. A hollow shell with one or two apertures will give a notion of their form. They are generally attached laterally by a deli- cate thread. — B. cL Br. (Fig. 208 spores.) 1537. Tubercinia tzientalis. B. 8^ Br. " Trientalis Smut." Sori two lines broad, bullate, containing a black mass of rather irregular depressed subglobose spores, which are very opaque and distinctly cellular, Hyphasma white, branched, creeping, delicate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 488. Cooke M.F. t. 3,/. 52-53. On leaves of Trientalis Europcea. Gen. 174. UROCYSTIS. t3 Fig. 209. Spores irregular, consisting of several cells. — Polycystis. Lev. {Fig. 209.) This genus is very closely allied to Thecaplwra. C^OMACEI. 517 1538. Urocystis violae. B,d:Br. " Violet Smut." Sori scattered, elongated, on both surfaces of the leaves and petioles ; spores more or less globose, consisting of several cells, surrounded by a common irregular crust. — Polycystis violce. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 487. Coohe exs. no. 78. Cooke 21. F. p. 212, pi. IK. figs. 185-186. Granularia violce. Sow. t. 440. On leaves and petioles of violets. August. Common. Forming gouty swellings of the petioles and principal veins, and otherwise deforming the leaves, at length bursting in two or three places and exposing the sooty spores. " The spores are more or less globose, consisting of seve- ral cells, surrounded by a common irregular crust." 1539. Urocystis colchici. Tul. " Meadow Saffron Smut." Sori elongated, bursting irregularly ; spores smooth, or slightly papillose. — Polycystis colchici. Tul. Ann. Sc. JVat. (1847),Yii.p. 117. Cooke M.F. p. 211. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 485. Sporisorium colchici. Lib. exs. no. 194. Uredo colchici Berk. exs. no. 309. On leaves of meadow saffron ( Colchicum autumnale). 1540. Urocystis occulta. Prenss. "Eye Smut." Sori very long, linear; epidermis bursting longitudinally; spores globose, with several projecting nodules, dark brown. — Polycystis par allela. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 4,^^. Cooke M.F.p. 212,7?/. ix.yz^s. 187, 188. Preuss. Sturm, t.l. Uredo par allela. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 375. On culms and sheaths of rye, and on the leaves of Carices. In long parallel lines on the leaves, with very much the habit of an Usti- lago. {Fig. 209.) 1541. Urocystis poxnpholygodes. Schlecht. " Buttercup Smut." Sori variable, bullate ; epidermis inflated, at first entire, then bursting irregularly, its remains suiTOunding the clusters ; spores copious, subglobose, black, opac[ue or pellucid. — Polycystis pom- pholygodes Lev. Cooke M.F. p. 212, pi. ix. figs. 183, 184. Cooke exs. 710. 79. Uredo pompholygodes. Berk. Ann. N.H. no 137. Berk, exs. no. 236. On Ranunculus repens and other Ranunculacece. Summer. Common. Causing gouty swellings of the petioles, and the principal veins of the leaves. At length bursting and exposing the sooty spores. Not uncommon on the Wood Anemone. 518 C^OMACEI. Gen. 175. UROMYCES, Lev. Spores unilocular, attached permanently to a decided peduncle of greater length. — Berk. Outl.j). 333. {Fig. 210.) Fig. 210. 1542. Utomyces allioxuxn. D.C. "Garlic Pwust." Spots obliterated, sori linear, oblong, or oval, amphigenous ; spores subglobose, yellow. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 211. Uredo alliorum. Eng.Fl.Y. p.'31Q (partly). Uredo porri. Sow. t. 4.11. On species of Allium. 1543. Uromyces appendiculata. Lev. " Long-stemmed Rust." Spots yellowish-brown, sori subrotund and oval, confluent, nearly plane, on the under surface ; epidermis bursting ; spores ovoid, brown, with a long peduncle. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. t. 7, /. 149, 150. Cooke exs. no. 323. Uredo appendiculosa. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 383. On LeguminoscB, and other plants. Aug. and Sept. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] 1544. Uromyces apiculosa. Lev. "Short-stemmed Rust," Spots yellow or brown, sori subrotund, scattered, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores ovoid, brown, shortly pedun- culate.— Lev. Ann. Sc.Nat. Cooke M.F. t. 7, /. 154, 155. Cooke exs.no. 322. Berk. exs. no. 116-117. Cooke L.F. no. 26. Uredo apiculosa. Eng. Fl. v. p. 382. On dock and various other plants. Aug. Sept. Common. [United States.] 1545. Uromyces limonii. Lev. " Sea-lavender Rust." Epiphyllous, sori bullate, scattered, or disposed in rings ; spores ovate. — Lev. Ann. Sc.Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 211. On Statice limonia. 1546. Uromyces ficariae. Lev. " Pilewort Rust." Spots yellowish, sori scattered, aggregate, confluent, and ex- panded ; epidermis ruptured ; spores ovoid, brown. — Lev. Ann. C^OMACEI. 619 Sc.Nat. CooJ:e3I.F.t.7.f.lD6, 157. CooJce exs. no. 122. BerJc. exs.no. 237. Cooke L.F. no. 24:. JJredo ranunculacearum. Eng. Fl. Y. p. 3S0. On Ranunculus fie aria. May. June. Common. 1547. Uromyces intrusa. Lev. " Lady's Mantle Eust." On the under surface, scattered, or partially aggregate, red- dish-brown, rounded, somewhat prominent, minute, very un- equal ; spores roundish or oval. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Xat. Cooke M.F. p. 211. Cookeexs.no. 121. Cooke L. F. no. 27. TJredo intrusa. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 382. Trachyspora alchemillce. Fckl. exs. no. 318. On Alchemilla vulgaris. 1548. Uromyces concentrica. Lev. " Hyacinth Eust." Spots oblong or subrotund, crowded into patches ; epidermis bursting longitudinally ; spores rubiginous, obovate, shortly pedunculate. — Lev. Ann. des Sc. Nat. Cooke exs. no. 7^. Cooke M.F. ed. ii.p. 225. U. scillce. Fckl. exs. no. 401. Uredo concen- trica. Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, t. \i.p. 62, exs. no. 1478. West ^' Wall, no. 675. Trichohasis scillarum. Berk. Outl. p. 332. Cooke M.F, p. 20^. Uredo scillarum. Grev. Berk. Eng. FI.y. p. 376. Uredo rnuscari. Duby. Bat. Gall. ii.p. 83S1 Puccinia scil- larum, Baxt. exs. no. 40. On leaves of Wild Hyacinth. 1549. Uromyces polygon!. Fckl, " Knot-grass Eust." Cauline ; sori elongated and confluent, convex, surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epidermis ; sporidia subglobose or globose, smooth, yellowish-brown ; pedicels very long, thick- ened, hyaline, persistent. — Fckl. exs. no. 399, Cooke Seem. Journ. Cooke M.F.ed. ii.p. 225. Cajntulariapolygoni. Rahh. Bot. Zeit. 1851,2^.449. Rahh. exs. i. no. I'd^o. F.E. no. 186. Puccinia vagi- nalium. Link. Sp. PI. (in part). On stems of Polygonum aviculare, 1550. Uromyces sparsa. Lev. " Spergularia Eust." Spots pallid ; sori subrotund and oval, amphigenous and cau- line ; epidermis erumpent ; sporidia ovoid, brownish ; peduncles thickened, short. — Lev. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1847, viii.^. 369. Fr. Summ.hlA:. Cooke M.F. ed. ii.p. 225. Uredo sparsa, Kze. exs. no. 170. Cceoma sparsum. Link. Sj). PI. ii. p. 27. On Spergularia rubra. Swanscombe, Kent. 520 C^OMACEI. 1551. Uromyces gxaminum. Cooke. " Cocksfoot Rust." Epii^byllous on both surfaces ; sori oblong, or confluent and linear, convex, black and shining, so as easily to be confounded on casual observation "with Dothidia graminis^ P., at length bursting longitudinally ; sporidia subglobose or ovate, tawny, with hyaline pedicels of variable length. — Cooke Seem. Journ. Cooke 31. F. ed. ii.^;. 225. On leayes of Dact?/lis glomerata. Oct. Share. This is undoubtedly the Uromyces — form of Puccinia graminis, although I Lave not hitherto been able to trace the connection. It seems strange that it should have hitherto been unnoticed. Uromyces ulmarijs. Lev. See Trij)hragmium ulmariGe. Uromyces primula. Lev. See Pucci7i{a primulce. Uromyces ieidis. Lev. See Puccinia truncata. Gen. 176. COLEOSFORIUM, Lev. Lev. " Coltsfoot Rust." Spores cylindrical, septate, some separating at the joints, some of a different nature, persistent. — Berk. Outl. p. 333. {Fig. 211.) Fig. 211. 1552. Coleosporium tussilaginis. On the under surface, prominent, crowded, generally forming circles, becoming very confluent ; spores numerous, subovate, orange-yellow. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. t. 8, /. 180, 181. Cooke exs. no. 80. Uredo compransor. Eng. Fl. v. p. 379. {partly). Moug. exs. no. 390. On Coltsfoot leaves. Summer. Common. {^"^9' 211.) 1553. Coleosporium pingue. Lev. " Tawny Rose Rust." Spots obliterated ; sori effuse, on the nerves and petioles of the leaves ; spores ovoid, yellowish-brown. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 212. Uredo pinguis. B.C. Fl. Fr, ii. p. 235. U. effusa. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 381 (partly). On roses, &c. C^OMACEI. 521 1554:. Coleospoziuxn petasitis. Lev. " Butterbur East." On the under surface, minute, depressed, spreading, somewliat aggregate, subconfluent, irregular in foiTQ ; spores oval, orange, or orange-red, — Lev. Ann, Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 213. Cooke exs. no. 321. Cooke L.F. no. 45. Uredo compransor . Eng. Fl. t. p. 2>1^. partly. U . petasites, Grev.Fl.ed.p.4:^l, On Tussilago petasites. Autumn. 1555. Coleosporium campanulae. Lev. " Campanula Rust." Spots obliterated, brown on the opposite side ; son irregular, confluent, plane, on the under surface ; spores subglobose, co- hering, yellow, at length pale. — Lev. Ann. Sc.Nat. Cooke Jf .F. jo. 213. Cooke exs. no. 81. Uredo campanulce. Eng.Fl.T.p, 378. Baxt.exs. no. 41. Berk. exs. no. 336, On leaves of various CampanulcB. Sept. Oct. 1556. Coleosporium sonchi-azvensis. Eust." Lei\ " Sow-thistle On the under surface, depressed, irregular in form, scattered, partially confluent; spores ovate, reddish-orange. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. t. 8, /. 178-179, Cooke exs. no. 82. Vredo sonchi. Pers. Syn. p. 217 . U. compransor. Eng. FL v. p. 379 [partly). On Sonchus oleraoeus and arvensis. Summer. Common. 1557. Coleosporium zhinanthaceaziim. Lev, " Cow-wheat Eust.^' Spots none, or subferruginous ; sori irregular, confluent on the under, rarely on both surfaces^ spores subglobose, compact, golden yellow. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M. F. t. 8,f. 176, 177. Cooke exs. no. 2dd. Uredo rhinanthacearum. Eng. Fl.yf.p.Zll. On Euphrasia, JBartsia, Melampyrum, &c, Aug. Sept. Common. Gen. 177, Fig. 212. rig. 213. MELAIVIFSOZIA. Cast. Spores of two orders (1), dif- fuse, globose, or oblong; (2) crowded into a dense, compact mass, with or without a covering, wedge-shaped. — Berk. Ontl. p. 333. (i^z^s. 212, 213.) 522 C^OMACEI. 1558. Melampsora salicina. Lev. " Willow Brand." Summer-spores. Epiphyllous or hypophyllous, sori, or heaps of spores scattered, pale orange, bright orange, or cinereous. (June to August.) Ovato-globose, parapliyses capitate, rarely obovate. — Lecythea caprearum. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Uredo cap- reanun. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 385. U. epitea. Kze. Lee. epitea Ann. N.H. no. 477. Winter-spores. Sori epiphyllous, scattered or aggregate, at first yellowish tawny, then brownish, at length nearly black, buUate ; spores oblong, closely packed, and laterally compressed. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 4, ser. vol. ii. t. 7,f. 6-7. Cooke M.F.t.d, f. 191, 192. Cooke exs. no. 85. Cooke L.F. no. 49. On Salix viminalis and >S'. caprcea. Common. Spores perfected in February. (Fig. 213, ydnter spores.) 1559. Melampsora betulina. Besm. "Bircli Brand." SuiiMER-spoRES. Hypopliyllous, sori bright yellow or orange, oblong, cylindrical, or obovate, truncate at the base, echinulate ; paraphyses encircling, or intermixed, obovate, smooth, hyaline. Uredo betuUna. U.cylindrica. Eng.Fl.^. p. Z^h (partly.) Lecy- thea hetulina. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. WiXTER-spoRES. Sori confluent, of an obscure brown in the winter, becoming of a bright orange when mature ; spores elon- gated, attenuated below, polygonal, ochraceous. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Desm. exs. no. 1647. Lib. exs. no. 236. Cooke. M.F.t.9,f. 189, 190. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, vol. ii. t. 7, /. 8, 9. Cooke exs. no. 124. On leaves oi Betula alba. Spores perfected in Jan. and Feb. (Fig. 212, winter spores.) 1560. Melampsora tremulae. Tul. " Aspen Brand." Summer-spores. Hypophyllous; sori punctiform, prominent, or papillgeform, numerous ; spores tawny-yellow, elliptical, or obovate; paraphyses slender. — Uredo cylindrica. Eng. FI.y. p. Z'^b, partly. Lecythea populina. Cooke M.F. p. 206, partly. Winter-spores. Sori scattered, at length blackish ; spores elongated, compressed, attenuated downwards, yellowish. — TuL CMo:siA.CEi, ' 523 Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, vol. n.p. 95. Cooke M.F.p. 214. Cooke exs. no. 84. Cooke L.F. no AS. On leayes of Popiilus tremula. Comnioii, Spores perfected during the winter. 1561. Melampsoxa populina. Lev. "Poplar Brand." Hypophyllous, epiphjUous, or amphigenous. SoiMER-spoRES. Spoies jellow or oraage, obovate-oblong, attenuated or truncate, echinulate, paraphyses obovate, capitate, or clayiform, abundant in fully ripened sori. — Uredo longicap- sula D.C. U. cylindrica. Eng. Fl. \. p. ZSh, partly. Lecytliea populina. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat, Cooke M.F. p. 206. Cooke exs. no, 83. Winter-spores. Sori at first tawny-yellow, becoming black during tbe winter, swelling in the spring, and becoming of a cinnamon colour, on the upper surface of the leaves, roundish or oblong ; spores prism-shaped, 5-6 together, yellowish, smooth. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 4. ser. vol. 2, t. 7,f. 10. Cooke Jlicr. Fungi, pi, ix.fgs. 195, 196. Cooke exs. no, 83. Cooke L.F. no. 47. On leaves of Populus nigra. Common. Spores perfected in February. 1562c HfZelampsora euphor'oiae. Cast. •' Spurge Brand." Summer-spores. Hypophyllous ; sori golden yellow, scat- tered, distinct, sometimes cauline ; spores small, subglobose. — Uredo eup)horhi0, On various CaryophyllacecB. Autumn. 1573. Uredo quercus. Brond. " Oak-leaf Uredo." On the under surface ; sori yellow, then orange, minute, ovate, and orbicular, slightly prominent, scattered, solitary or agglomerated into minute patches, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores subglobose, pellucid, not cohering. — Eng. Fl. V. p. 383. Cooke M. F.p. 205. Cooke exs. no. 281. Berk, exs.no. 239. On green oak leaves. Sept. We have always found it on young oak scrub tlie second year after it has been cut down, never on trees. The sori are very much scattered, and but few on a leaf. C^OMACEI. 527 1574. "Uredo padi. Kze. " Bird-cherry Uredo." Spots purplish ; sori subrotund, small, aggregate, hypo- genous ; epidermis at length ruptured ; spores coherent, sub- globose. — Kze. exs. no. 187. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. 1865, xv. p. 401, no. 10-45. U. porphyroyenita. Link. Sp. ii. p. 31. Cooke M.F.p. 205. On leaves of Prunus padus. Scotland. 1575. Uzedo vacciniorum. P. " Bilberry Uredo." Spots yellow-brown ; sori subrotund, minute, aggregate, and scattered, on the under surface of the leaves ; epidermis seldom ruptured; spores ovoid, yellowish. — Eng.Fl.Y.p. 378. Lh. Sp. li.p. 15. Cooke M.F.p. 205. Cooke exs. no. 119. On Vaccinium myrtillns and V. vitis-idcea. [Low. CaroHna.] 1576. Uredo confluens. B.C. " Confluent Uredo." On the under surface, depressed, yellow, oblong, concentric, at length confluent; spores nearly oval. — D.C. Fl. Fr. ii. p. 233. Eng. Fl. r.p. 383. Cooke. M.F. t. 7,/. 133,134. Cooke exs. no. 117. On Mercurialis perennis and M. annua. May. June. Com- mon. var. a. euonymi. Spots yellowish ; sporidia ovoid and slightly coherent, tawny-yellow. — Mart. Fl. Mosq.p. 230. On leaves of Euonymus EuropcBus, var. p. orchidis. Spots reddish-brown ; sporidia nearly oval, bright yellow. — Mart. Fl. Mosq. 229. Cooke exs. no. 61. Uredo conjluens, y. Orchidis. Alb. ^ Sch.p. 122. Uredo circinalis, a. Orchidis, Strauss. Wett. Ann. ii. 88. Coeoma orchidum. Lk. Sp. Pl.u.p. 9. On leaves of Listera ovata and Orchis latifolia. 1577. Uredo empetri. D.C. *' Crowberry Uredo." Hypogenous ; spots obliterated ; sori oval, scattered, the epi- dermis at first convex, afterwards ruptured and concave ; spo- ridia ovoid or subglobose, bright yellow. — D.C. Fl. Fr. \\.p. 87. Moug. exs. no. 391. Cceoma empetri. Lk. Sp. Fl. ii. ^.16. Cooke Seem. Journ. iv. p. 99. On Empetrum nigrum. May. N. Wales. 528 C^OMACEI, 1578. Uredo tropoeoli. Desm. *' Tropaeolum Uredo." Hjpogenous ; spots pale yellow ; sori minnte, roundisli, scat- terecl, or confluent; sporidia ovoid or subglobose, orange. — Desm. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1836, y'l.p. 243. Desm, exs. ed. \. no. 837, ed. ii. no. 37. Cooke Seem. Journ. vf.p. 97. On leaves of Tropceolum. Oct. 1579. Uredo alliorum. B.C. " Garlic Uredo." Spots obliterated ; sori linear, oblong, and oval, on botfe sur- faces ; spores ovoid or subglobose, yellow or whitish. — D.G. Fl. Fr. Yi.p, 82. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 37 &, partly, Cooke M.F.p. 205. On various species of Allium. 1580. * * Spores brown. Uredo statices» Desm. " Sea Lavender Uredo." Sori few and scattered, orbicular or oval ; spores globose, brown.— ^er/j. Outl.p. 331. Cooke M.F.p. 205. On various species of Statice, 1581. Uredo "bifrons. Grei\ " Twin-faced Uredo." On both surfaces of the leaves, often opposite, scattered^ round, light-brown, girt with the remains of the epidermis ; spores globose. — G?^ev. FL ed.p. 435. Eng, Fl. v. p. 383. Cooke M.F.t. 7./, 137 -13^. On Eumex acetosa and acetosella. July. — Sept. Uredo circ^^. A. ^* S. See Puccinia circcBce, Gen. 180. Fig. 217. to be forms of other fungi are inserted there. TRZCHOBASIS, Lev, Spores free, attached at first to a short peduncle, caducous. — Berk. Outl.p. 332, {Fig. 217.) It is very probable that none of the species here recorded under this genus are autonomous, but until this is satisfactorily traced, they are included. Species known CiEOMACEI. 629 * Spores yellow. 1582. Trichobasis gluxnaxum. Lev. " Glume Rust." Sori minute, round, scarcely convex, subgregarious, often con- fluent ; spores globose or subovoid, orange, not pedicellate ; episporc smooth, — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat, Cooke M.F.p. 208. Berk. Outl. p. 332, On the glumes of Cereals. August. 1583. Trichobasis syxnphyti. Lev. " Comfrey Eust." Sori minute, very numerous, scattered, roundish, then con- fluent ; epidermis ruptured, scarcely conspicuous around the margin ; spores subglobose, pallid orange. — Lev. Ann, Sc. Nat. 1847. Cooke M.F.p,208. Berk. Outl p. 382. Uredo sijmphyti. D.C. Fl. Fr. V. p. 87. Berk. exs. no. 320. Ann. N.H. no. 475. On Comfrey. May. 1584:. Trichobasis pyrolae. B. " Winter-green Rust." Spots yellowish brown on the opposite side ; sori globose, m^inute, scattered or aggregate, on the under surface ; epidermis generally closed ; spores subglobose, yellow. — Berk. OutI.p.So2. Cooke 31. F.p, 208. Uredo pyrolce. Grev. Fl. ed. p. 4:4:0. Link. Sp.ii.p. 15. On Pyrola rotundifolia, &c. 1585. Trichobasis petroselini. B. *' Parsley Rust." Spots yellowish ; sori sub rotund and oval, confluent on both surfaces ; epidermis at length ruptured ; spores globose or sub- globose, occasionally obsoletely pedicellate, pale yellow. — Berk. Outl. p. 332. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M. F.p. 208. Cooke L.F. no. 34. Uredo petroselini. D.C. Fl. Fr. ii. p. 597. Fng. Fl. v. p. 379. U. cecidiiformis. Grev. Fl. ed.p. 441. On various Umhelliferce, as Smyrnium^ Scandix, ^-c. Most probably this is the Uredo form of Pitcciniu Smyrnii. * * Spores brown. 1586. Trichobasis oblongata. B. '• Luzula Rust." Spots oblong, often confluent, yellow-brown ; sori ellii^tic, on both surfaces ; epidermis closed ; spores brown, obtuse at either z 5 530 C^OHACEI. extremity.— Berk, Outl. p. 208. CooJce M.F. t. 7, /. 158, 159. Uredo oblongata. Grev.t. 12. Eng.Fl.Y.p.376. On Luzulce. May. — July. 1587. Trichobasis betae. Lev. " Beet-leaf Rust." Spots yellow; heaps subrotund and oval, scattered and con- centric, on the uiDper surface ; epidermis at length bursting ; spores subglobose, shortly pedicellate, brown. — Berk. Outl. p. 208. Cooke M.F. p. 209. Cooke exs. no. 70. Uredo Betas. Pers. Syn. p. 220. Fng. Fl. y. p. 377 . Berk. exs. no. 60. Cooke L.F, no. 39. On leaves of Beta vulgaris. Aug. Sept. Common. 1588. Trichobasis suaveolens. Lev. " Thistle Rust.'^ Spots obliterated, yellow on the opposite side ; sori subrotund, nearly plane, scattered, at length confluent, on the under sur- face, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis; spores globose, hvoyfi\.—Berk.Outl.p.20^. Cooke 31. F.t. 7, f.lbl, 163. Cooke exs. no. 73. De Bary Brandpilzeyt.'iii. f. 1-4. Uredo suaveolens. Pers. Syn. p. 221. Eng. Fl. y. p. 379. On leaves of Cnicus arvensis, &c. Summer. Common. It generally covers the whole under surface of the leaves, and has a pecu- liar odour, more or less strong. 1589. Trichobasis geranii. B. " Geranium Eust." Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund, nearly plane, scattered or confluent ; spores subglobose, brown. — Berk. Outl. p. 208. Cooke M.F. p. 210. Vredo geranii. D. C. Fl. Fr. vi. p. 73. Grev. t, 8, Eng.Fl. v. p. 380. Sow. t. 398,/. 5. On various geraniums. 1590. Trichobasis hydrocotyles. Cooke. " Fluke- wort Eust." Without definite spots ; sori chiefly on the upper, sometimes on the under surface, scattered, variable, roundish, erumpent, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores subglobose, at length brown ; epispore rough with minute tubercles. — Cooke Seem. Journ. Bot. ii.p. 344, M.F. p. 209, t. 8,/. 168, 169. Cooke exs. no. 69. Uredo Hydrocotyles. Bertero. Mont. Fl. Fernand. no. 59. Fl. Chil. viii./>. 50. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1835. Mont. Syll.p. 315. Desm. exs. no. 2123. Rav. Fung. Car. Cooke L.F. no. 44. On Hydrocotyle vulgaris. July. — Sept. [S. Carolina.] C^OMACEI. 531 1591. TrichoTjasis paxnassiae. CooTie. " Grass of Parnassus Eust." On both surfaces of the leaves ; sori at first bullate, at length rupturing the epidermis, scattered, often confluent; spores glo- bose or nearly so, rather large, tawny brown. — Cooke Seem, Journ.Bot.ii. p. 344. Cooke M.F. p. 210. Cooke exs. no. 74. Uredo parnassice. West, Bull, de Brux. xix. no. 87. Rerb. Crypt. Beige, no. 676. Ann. N.H. no. 1046. On Parnassia palustris. Sept. Norfolk. Trig HOB Asis rubigo-vera. Leu. \ r< -n Irichobasis linearis. Lev. ) "^ Trichobasis senecionis. Berk. See Puccinia glomerata. Trichobasis caricina. Berk. See Puccinia striola. Trichobasis scillarum. Berk. See Uromyces concentrica. Trichobasis cichoracearum. Lev. See Puccinia composi- tarum. Trichobasis Artemisia. Berk. See Puccinia discoi- dearum. Trichobasis labiatarum. Lev. See Puccinia menthce. Trichobasis lychnidearum. Lev. See Puccinia lychni- dearum. Trichobasis umbellatarum. Lev. See Puccinia urahelli- ferarum. Trichobasis heraclei. Berk. See Puccinia lieraclei. Trichobasis fab^. Lev. See Puccinia fahce. Trichobasis galii. Lev. See Puccinia galiorum. Trichobasis POLYGoxoRUii. Berk. See Puccinia polygo- norum. Trichobasis vixciE. Berk. See Puccinia vincce. Trichobasis violarum. Berk. See Puccinia violarum. Trichobasis epilobii. Berk. See Puccinia puherulenta. Gen. 181. LECYTHEA, Lev. Stroma surrounded or sprinkled with elongated abortive spores. Spores free, invested with their mother cell, or con- catenate.— Berk. Outl.p. 334. a. Spores free. 1592. Lecythea mista. Lev. " Orange Willow Eust." Spots yellow; sori stibrotund, aggregate, confluent, effuse, permanently surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores ob- 532 c^o]ttACEi. long and pyrifonn, orange. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847, p. 374, Ann. 1^.11.710.4:78. Cooke M.F. p. 206. Coeoma mixtum. Link, Berk. exs. no. 120. On both surfaces of the leaves of willows. 1593. Lecythea saliceti. Lev. " Common Willow Rust." Spots yellowisii ; sori subrotnnd, solitaiy, or in circles, sur- rounded by the ruptured epidermis ; barren spores subglobose and pedicellate or pyriform, fertile spores subglobose, orange. — Lev. Ami. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 207. Berk. Outl.p. 334. Uredo saliceti. Eng. Fl. v. p. 385. On the under surface of willow leaves. Comnion. 1394. Lecythea Baryi. Berk,. " De Bary's rust." Sori few ; cystidia with an abrupt globose head ; spores sub- globose.— Berk. Ann. N.H. 755. Cooke, M.F.p, 207. Berk. OutL p. 334. Epitea. de Bary Brand t. 4, /. 4. On leaves of Brachypodium p/ennatum. Rare. Gopsal. 1595. Lecythea Valerianae. Berk. " Yalerian Rnst.'^' Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund, small, confluent, sometimes circinating ; epidermis at length bursting ; spores reddish- brown, subglobose, or clavate, shortly pedicellate. — Lev. Ann, Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. p. 207. Cooke exs. no. 63. Berk. OutL p. 334. Cooke L. F. no. 32. Uredo valeriance. D. C. FL Fr. v. p. 68. Berk. exs. no. 349. Ann. N.H. no. 474. On ValeriaJia officinalis. August. c. Spores concatenate — {Podosporium. Lev.) 1596. Lecythea lini. Lev. "FlaxEust." Spots yellowish ; sori subrotund, scattered, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis ; spores globose or pyriform, sometimes pedicellate. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. Cooke M.F. t.8,f. 165-167. Be?^k. Outl.p. 334. Uredo lini. B.C. Fl. Fr. \\.p. 234. Moug. exs. no. 90. Grev. t. 31. Eng. FL \.p. 384. Desm. exs. no. 675. Berk exs. no. 118. On Linum catliarticum. July. Lecythea ruborum. Lev. See Phragmidium hulhosum. ^CIDIACEI. 533 Lecythea Lecythea Lecythea Lecythea Lecythea Lecythea Ros^. Lev. See Phragmidiura mucronatum. POPULINA. Lev. '^QQ Melarapsora popuUna. euphorbia. Lev. See Melampsora eupJiorbice. epitea. Lev. See Melampsora salicina. GYROSA. Lev. See Phragmidiura gracile. CAPREARUM. Lev. See Melampsora salicina. Order XVII. uECIDIACEI. Peridiiim distinctly cellular. — Berh. Outl.p.^2)Q. Peridium single. Elongated. Separating in threads . Eupturing irregularly . Abbreviated, or semi -immersed Immersed .... Peridium double, sessile Gen. 182. RCESTELIA, Reb. JRcesfelia. Perkier mium. jEcidium. Endophyllv.m,. Gra/phiolo,, Peridium elongated, at length opening by lateral fissures, or a terminal lacerated moutb. Sper- mogones on the opposite surface, on the same or on different leaves. (Fig.'in.) Fig. 218. 1597. Rcestelia cancellata. Reh, " Pear-leaf Eoestelia.' Spermogoxes. Spots yellow or orange, with bluntisli conical projections, wbicb are at length blackish ; spermatia minute, oozing out at the apex, like an orange jelly. — Myxosporium col- liculosum. BerJc. Outl.p. 226. Soii'.t.4:0^. Protospores. Spots yellow, then red, prominent ; peridia split to the base into lacin^e, which remain united at the apex, on the same or on different leaves as the Spermogones. — Reh.Fl, Neom. p. 330. Cooke M.F. t. 2, f. 20, 21. Seem. Joiirn. ii.p. 33. Cooke exs. no. 332. Fckl. exs. no. 283. Berk. exs. no. 58. Kunze. 534 -ECIDIACEI. exs.no.8i. Sow.t.AlO. Eng. Fl. v. p. S7S. Moug.exs. no. 184. Kl. exs. no. 97. Gard. Chron. 1862,/). 689. On pear leaves. Autumn. [Maine, U.S."' The Podisoma sahince is related to this plant, according to CErsted, as one of its forms— see no. 1517. ante. 1598. Rcestelia coxnuta. Tul. " Horn-like Koestelia." Spermogones. Spots rusty-brown, usually distinct from the tufts of peridia ; spermatia white. Protospores. Spots rusty-brown ; peridia cylindrical, slightly curved, yellowish-brown ; spores greyish, at length brown. — Cooke M.F.t. 2, f. 18, 19. Cooke exs. no. 1. Fckl. exs. no. 284:. Seem. Journ.ii. p. 33. Kl. exs. no. 96. ^cid, cornutum. Eng. Fl. v. p. 373. Sow. t. 319. Grev. 1. 180. Moug. exs. no. 183. On the under surface of the leaves of the mountain ash (Pyrus aucuparia.) August. Not common. {Fig. 218, enlarged.) 1599. Iloestelia lacerata. Tul. " Fringed Ecestelia." Spermogoxes. Protospores. Peridia clustered in tufts, brown, elongated, splitting to the base in segments; spores light brown. — Cooke M.F.t.2J.22-2Q. Cooke es.no. 2. Fckl. exs. no. 286. Berk. exs. no. 111. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 33. Gard. Chron. 1861, p. 336. Cooke L.F. no. 50. uEcid. laceratum. Sow. ^.318. Eng. Fl. v. p. 373. Grev. t. 209. Rav. exs. v. no. 96. On the under surface of the leaves, and on the petioles and fruit of the Hawthorn. Common. May to July. [New York, &c.] This species is said also to be in some manner associated with Podisoma Junijieri — see no. 1516. ante. Gen. 183. FERIDERMIUra, Chey. 5. Fig. 219. Peridium elongated, at length bursting irregularly. Spermo- gonia scattered, conspicuous. — {Fig. 219.) a. ^CIDIACEI, 535 1600. Peiidermium pini. Chev. " Scotch fir Peridennium. ' Spermogones. Yemal or autumnal, or both ; spermatia large, white. Protospores. Peridia oblong, scattered, large ; spores orange, abundant. — Coohe M.F. t. 2, f. 27, 28. Seem. Journ. ii. J). 34. FcM. exs. no. 288. jEcidium jnm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 374. Grev. t. 7. Moug. exs. no. 186. Rav. exs. i. no. 93. On leaves and young branches of Scoth fir. Summer. {Fig. 219, a. nat size, 6. magnified.) 1601. Peridermium elatinum. Lli. " Silver Fir Perider- mium." Spermogones. Protospores. Simple, immersed ; peridia elliptic, pallid ; sporidia orange. — Kze. exs. no. 141. Seem. Journ. \\. p. 34. CooJce M.F.p. 190. FcU.exs.no. 290. On silver fir, altering both foliage and ramification. Not common. 1602. Peridermium columnare. A. k S. "Columnar Peridermium." Spermogoxes. Protospores. Simple, slender, naked, cylindrical, elongated, lacerated at the apex, white ; spores orange. — A. ^- S. Consp. 121, t. 5,/. 4. Kze. exs. no. 10. Cooke M. F. 2nd. ed.p. 223. Cooke exs. no. 214,. On Picea, Sept. Near Torquay. Gen. 184. JECISZUM, Pers. Peridium seldom elongated, opening by a terminal mouth, surrounded by a fringe of re- curved teeth, or when short bursting irregularly. Spores dis- posed in chains. Spermogonia on the same or the opposite sur- rig. 220. io-QQ^ clustered or scattered, cen- tral or intermixed. — {Fig. 220.) 536 iECIDIACET. Sect. I. — Peridia scattered (not collected in tufts or clusters). 1603. iEcidium leucospeimiuin. D.C. " White-spored Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. Spots yellowish; peridia scattered, often covering the whole under surface; spores white, ovate. — D.C. Fl. F7\p.23d. Berk, exs.no. 226. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 34:. Cooke M.F. 1. 1,/. 4-6. Cooke exs. no. 3. Fckl. exs. no. 1930. Eng. Fl. v.p. 371. Moug. exs. no. 186. Baxt. exs.no. 89. Berk.exs.no. 226. Lycoperdon anemones. Pult. Linn. Trans, ii. p. 311. On both sides of leaves of Anemone nemorosa. June. Com- mon. 1604. iEcidium quadrifidum. B.C. " Four-lobed Cluster Cups." Spermogoxes. Protospores. Spots brownish ; peridia scattered, occupying almost the entire under surface ; spores brown, subglobose. — D.C. Fl. Fr. vi. p. 90. Eng. Fl. v .p. 371. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 34. Cooke M.F. p. 190. Cooke exs. no. 101. Berk. exs. no. 221 . On the under surface of leaves of Anemone^ in gardens. April. May. The lobes at the mouth of the peridium are not constantly four. 1605. ^cidium albescens. Grev. "Moschatel Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. Leaf blistered, whitish, scattered ; peridia white, split into a few large teeth ; spores yellowish-white. — Grev. Fl. ed. p. 444. Eng. Fl. v. p. 372. Desm. exs. no. 555. Seem. Journ. \\. p. 2)4^. Cooke M.F. p. 190. On leaves and petioles of Adoxa moschatellina. Aj^ril. 1606. JEcidium epilobii. B.C. "Willow-herb Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. S23ots obliterated ; peridia scattered, at length oval, wider above ; spores orange, at length brown. — D.C. Fl. Fr. ii. p. 238. Eng. Fl. v. p. 372. Seem Journ. ii. p. 35. Cooke M.F. p. 190. Cooke exs. no. 4. Fckl. exs. no. 1927. Berk. exs. no. 348. Cooke L.F. no. 52. ^CIDIACEI. 537 On the under surface of leaves of Epilohium hirsutum, E. mon- tanum,and E.palustre. June. — Aug. Common. [Cincinnati.] 1607. ^cidium thesii. Desm. " Bastard- toad flax Cluster Cups." Spermogoxes. Protospores. Spots obliterated ; peridia scattered or bise- riate, short, cylindrical, margin irregularly toothed, erect ; spores yellowish, then dingy. — Cooke M.F.t. 3./. 50, 51. B. ^- Br. Ann. NM. no. 104:8. Berk. exs. no. 318. On Thesiumhumufusum. May. — Oct, 1608. iEcidium soldanellae. HornsTi. " Sold anella Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. Spots obliterated ; peridia solitary, scattered over the inferior surface ; spores orange. — Jloug. exs. no. Eng. Fl. Y. p. 369. Seem. Journ. ii.p. 35. Cooke M.F.p. 191. On leaves of Soldanella alpina. Botanic Garden, Glasgow. 1609. iEcidium tragopogonis. Pers. " Goat's-beard Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. Spots obliterated ; peridia scattered, torn, wider above ; spores orange, at length black. — Pers. Syn. p. 211. Eny. Fl. v. p. 370. Sow. t. 397, /. 2. Moug. exs. no. 388. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 35. Cooke M.F. t. i. /. 1-3. Cooke exs. no. 5. Cooke L.F. no. hi. On stems, leaves and involucres of goat's-beard. May. June. Common. 1610. JEcidium euphorbiee. Pers. " Spurge Cluster Cups," Spermogones. Preceding the peridia, on the same or dif- ferent leaves. Protospores. Spots obliterated, leaf thickened ; peridia scattered or crowded, distinct ; spores orange. — Pers. Syn. p. 211. Eng.Fl.y.p.374:. Moug. exs. no. 87. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 3b. Cooke M.F. p. 1^1. Cooke exs. no. Q. Fckl. exs. no. 21^. Berk, exs. no. 229. On the under surface of leaves of spurge. May. June. Common. [United States.] 538 ^CIDIACEI. 1611. JEcidium dracontii. Schweln. " Arum Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. Spots pallid, extensively scattered over the leaves, sometimes nearly covering them ; peridia large, scattered, abundant, disposed without order on the spots ; spores orange. Scliwz. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1834. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 41. CookeM.F.p.l'd^. On leaves of Arum triphyllum in gardens. Rare. [United States.] Dr. Curtis refers this to JBcidium ari. B. but we think erroneously. Sect. 2. Peridia in tufts or clusters. a. Elongat^e. 1612. ifficidium berberidis. Pers. " Berberry Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. Spots roundish, bright red ; subiculum thickened ; peridia in subrotund or oval patches, often elon- gated; spores orange. — Pers. Syn. p. 20^. Eng.Fl. v./). 372. Sow. t. 397, /. 5. Moug. exs. no. 86. Grev. t. 97. Kl. exs. no. 95. Seem. Journ. \\.p. 35. Coolce M.F. 1. 1, /. 7-9. Kze. exs. no. 14. Fckl. exs.no. 278. On leaves, peduncles, and fruit of berberry. May.— July. Common. [United States.] (Fig. 220, enlarged.) Said to be a condition of the corn mildew— P^ccwim graminis — see no. 1462. ante. 1613. iEcidiuxn crassuxn. Pers. "Buckthorn Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. Spots yellow-brown, subiculum thickened ; peridia crowded into a roundish heap, at first globose, yellow, at length open ; spores orange. — Pers. Syn. p. 208. Eng. Fl. v. p. 373. Pers. Ic. ^- Desc. 1. 10,/. 1, 2. Moug. exs. no. 89. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 86. Cooke 31. F. p. 1^1. Cooke exs. no. 7. Fckl. exs. no. 277. Berk. exs. no. 110. Cooke L.F. no. 53. uEcid. rhamni. Pers. Obs. t. 2,/. 4. On Rhamnus catharticus and R. frangula. Common. [United States.] ^CIDIACEI. 539 var. p. phillyreae. Si^ots obliterated. — ^cidium phillyrece. D.C. Fl.Fr.Yi.p.96. On leaves and young slioots of Philhjrea. Chichester. var. y. periclymeni. B.C. Spots variegated, yellow and brown, — ^cidium periclymeni. D.C. Fl.Fr. \\.p. 597. Eng. Fl . v.p. 370. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 36. CookeM.F. p. 191. Cookeexs.no. 102. Fckl. exs. no. 276. Cooke L.F. no. 54. On leaves of honeysuckle. June. — August. /3- Poculiform^e. 1614. iEcidiuzn calths. Grev. "Marsh Marigold Cluster Cups." Spermogones. • Protospores. Aggregate ; peridia somewhat campanulate, with numerous minute marginal teeth ; spores bright orange, subglobose or oyal.—Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 446. Eng. Fl. v. p. 371. Seem. Journ. u. p. 36. CookeM.F.p. 191. On leaves and petioles of Caltha palustris. Spring. Rare. Margin of peridia pale and brittle. — Grev. 1615. iScidium xanunculacearum. D.C. '' Crowfoot Cluster Cup." Spermogoxes. Preceding the peridia, or simultaneous, and occupying the centre of the clusters ; spermatia minute. Protospores. Spots obliterated ; subiculum thickened ; peridia in irregular heaps, densely crowded together; spores orange. — D.C. Fl. Fr. vi. p. 97. Sow. t. 391, f. 2. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 36. CookeM.F.t.2, f.l'2,14i. Cooke exs. no. 8. Fckl. exs. no. 263-265. Cooke L.F. no. ho. On leaves of various Ranunculacece. Spring. Common. [Alid. Carolina.] var. a. aquilegiae. Clusters small, scattered. — jEcid. aqui- legicB. Pers. Ic. Fid. iv. t. 23, f. 4. On leaves of columbine. Shere. var. p. clematidis. Spots brownish. — D.C. Fl. Fr. ii. p. 243. Pabh.F.E.no.284:. On leaves, &c., of Clematis vitalha. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] 540 ^CIDIACEI. var. y. thalictri. G?^ev. Clusters roundish ; peridia oblong. — FckJ.exs. 7w.'2Gd. ^cidiuinthalictri. Grev.t.A. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 371. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 35. Cooke M.F.j). 191. On leaves of Thalictrum minus, alpinumy &c. The form on leaves of Rmumcidus ficaria is one of the earliest of spring fungi in making its appearance . 1616. JEcidium galii. Pers. " Bed-straw Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Spots linear or oblong, obscurely brown ; peridia scattered, rarelj aggregate, dentate, whitish ; spores egg-yellow. — Pers. Syn. p. 207. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 490. Seem. Journ. ii.|). 37. Cooke M.F. t. 2,f. 15-17. Cookeexs.no. 9. FckL exs. 7ZO.280. On leaves of Galium veimm and G. mollugo. 1617. .fficidium bunii. D.C. *' Pig-nut Cluster Cups." Spermogoxes ? Protospores. Spots obliterated; subiculum thickened; peridia in irregular subrotund or oval heaps ; spores orange. — D.C. Fl. Fr. vi.29. 96. Eng. Fl. v. p. 370. Seem. Journ. ii.p. 37. Cooke M.F. p. 192. Fckl. exs. no. 1928. On Bunium hulhocastanum and Pimpinella saxifraga. Spring. var. /3. poterii. Cooke. Peridia circinating or scattered. ^cidium p}oterii. Cooke Seem. eToMr?!. ii. />. 39, i. 14./*. 3. Cooke M.F. p. 193. On leaves and petioles of Poterium sanguisoi^ha. May. June. Darenth. 1618. JEcidium valeirianacearum. Duhj. " Valerian Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Hypogenous, rarely cauline; spots on a thick- ened subcircular or oblong base ; peridia scattered, more or less crowded, cup -shaped, tawny, margin erect, denticulate; spores dirty yellow. — Duhy. Syn. p. 908. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 370. Seem. Journ. ii.p. 37. Cooke 31. F. p. 192. Cooke exs.no. 103. Fckl. exs. no. 273. Cooke L.F. no. 66. On Valeriana officinalis and F. dioica. ^CIDIACET. 541 1619. JEcidium aspexifolii. Pers. " Borage Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Clusters subrotund, on a slightly thickened subiculum ; peridia scattered ; spores orange. — Pers. Syn. p. 208. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 255. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 37. Cooke M.F.p. 192. Cooke exs. no. 325. Fckl. exs. no. 274. On leaves of various Boraginacece. Summer. The parts of the leaves on which it occurs are rendered concave on one side and convex on the other. 1620. iEcidium grossulaxiae. B.C. "Gooseberry Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Spots yellow, bright red on the opposite side, with a yellow border ; peridia crowded in roundish heaps, at length brown, and surrounded with a brown area; spores orange.— i;.C'.i^/.i^r.vi.i9. 92. Grev.t.Q2. Eng. Fl Y.p. Ti2.' Moug. exs. no. 287. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 37. Cooke M.F. p. 192. Cooke exs. no. 10. On leaves and fruit of gooseberry and currant. May. June. Common. [Pennsylvania.] Very variable in the frequency of its occurrence. Some seasons it is very common j in others scarce a specimen can be found. 1621. .fficidium urticae. B.C. " Nettle Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Spots obliterated; subiculum thickened; peridia disposed in elougated or subrotund heaj)s, at first sub- globose, then gaping; spores orange. — D.C. Fl. Fr. ii.p. 213. Eng. Fl.Y. j)-'^~i'^- Moiig.exs.no. 3b^d. Besm. exs.no. 676. Seem. Journ. ii.^. 37. Cooke M.F. f. 1,/. 10, 11. Cooke exs. wo. 11. Fckl. exs. no. 281. Berk. exs. no. 112. On leaves and stems of nettles, distorting them very much. June. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] 1622. JEcidiuxn behenis. B.C. "Bladder-campion Cluster Cups." Spermogoxes ? Protospores. Spots yellow, brown on opposite side ; peridia somewhat circinating, in subrotund heaps ; spores brown. — B.C.Fl.Fr.Yi. p. 94. Eng. Fl. y. p. 372. Baxt. exs. no. 90. 542 ^CIDIACEI. Seem. Journ. ii. ;?. 37. Coohe M.F. p. 102. Fckl. exs.no. 1542. Berk. exs. no. 340. On Bladder Campion ( Silene injlata.) Rare. Some of the peridia are short and open, others larger and closed. 1623. JEcidium orobi. B.C. " Bitter-vetch Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Protospores. — Spots yellow, effused ; peridia scattered, and disposed in small heaps; spores orange, at length white. — D.C. Fl. Fr. vi. 2-). 95. Eng. Fl. v. p. 374. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 38. Cooke M.F. p. 192. Fckl. exs. no. 267. On stems and leaves of Orohus tuherosus. May. p. Sub-immersse. 1624. iEcidium compositarum. Mart. "Composite Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Sjoots purplish, subrotund, confluent above ; peridia crowded, in orbicular patches, or circinating, on the under surface; spores orange, oval. — Mart. Erl.p. 314. Berk. exs. no. 322. Eng. Fl. v. p. 370. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 38. Cooke M. F.p. 192. On various Composites. [United States.] var. a. Taraxaci. Grev. Clusters small, scattered. — JE. Taraxaci. Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 4,4:4:. On leaves of the dandelion. June to July. var. h. Prenanthis. Pers. Spots circular or irregular, pur- plish ; subiculum incrassated. — yS. prenanthis. Pers. Syn.p. 208. On leaves of Hawkweed ( Hieracium paludosum). Summer. var. c. Tussilaginis. Pers. Clusters round, on a thickened base ; peridia circinating. — jE. Tussilaginis. Fers. Syn. 209. Sow. t. 397,/. 1. Moug. exs. no. 88. Cooke exs. no. 12. Fckl. exs. no. 270. Cooke L.F. no. 58. On the under surface of leaves of Coltsfoot and Butterbur. Common. Autumn. var. d. Jacobses. Grev. Pustular, soon becoming agglo- merated, numerous, depressed; peridia splitting into short, brittle, yellowish-white teeth. — jE. Jacoba^ce. Grev. ^OIDIACEI. 543 On leaves of Senecio Jacohcea and Sonchus arvensis. June to August. var. e. Lapsani. Purt. Spots purplisli, irregular, con- fluent, on both sides of the leaves ; peridia amphigenous, in irregular patches or scattered, not prominent, teeth numerous, minute, reflexed; spores yellow, oval. — ^. lapsani. Purt. M.S.S. Seem. Journ.ii. p. 38, t. l-i, f. 2. Cooke exs.no. IS, Fdd. exs.no. 271. On both surfaces of the leaves of Lapsana communis. April. var. f. bellidis. D.C. Berh. exs. no. 225. Coolce L.F. no. 57. Coohe exs. no. 327. On leaves of common Daisy. 1625. JEcidiuxn saniculae. Carm. " Sanicle Cluster Cups." Spermogoxes ? Protospores. Spots purplish, slightly incrassated, small, scattered, roundish ; peridia in small circinate clusters, hypo- genous, and on the petioles, at first hemispherical, at length open, margin with from 4 to 6 sj^reading lobes ; spores yellowish, elliptical. — Cooke Seem. Journ. ii.p. 69, 1. 14:, f. 1. Cooke M.F.p. 192. Cooke exs. no. 14. On leaves and petioles of Sanicula Europcea. May. June. 1626. iEcidium violae. Schuvi. '• Violet Cluster Cups," Spermogoxes ? Protospores. Spots yellowish ; peridia in irregular heaps, seriate and scattered ; spores orange, at length brown. — Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 444. Eng. Fl. \.p. o72. Seem. Jouim. \\.p. 39. Cooke 3I.F. p. Id3. Cooke exs. no. 104:. Fckl. exs.no.27d. Berk. exs. no. 228. On leaves, petioles, and sepals of violets. May. June. Common. [United States.] 1627. JEcidium geranii. D.C. " Cranesbill Cluster Cups." Spermogoxes ? Protospores. Spots yellow and purple; peridia in circi- nating clusters; spores yellow, at length brown. — D.C.Fl. Fr. vi./>. 93. Eng. Fl. Y. p. 371. Seem. Journ. ii.p. 4:0. Cooke M.F. p. 193. Cooke exs.no. 107. On the under surface of leaves of Geranium pratense and G, dissectum. [S. Carolina.] 544 ^CIDIACEI. 1628. ^cidium menthae. B.C. " Mint Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? PPvOTOsroREs. Spots obliterated; subiculum tlnckened; peridia scattered, emersed, or aggregate and immersed ; spores orange, ellii^tic. — B.C. Fl. Fr. vi. p. 95. Eng.Fl. y.J). 370. Seem. Journ.u.p.4:0. Cooke M.F. iJ. 193. On various mints. 1629. ^cidium scxophulaziae. B.C. " Figwort Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Spots yellowish ; peridia in roundish circi- nate clusters (rarely scattered) on the under surface ; spores whitish, becoming tawny. — B.C. Fl. Fr. Yi.p. 91. Ayres. exs. no, 21. Seem.Journ.ii. i:*. 40. Cooke M.F. p. 193. Cooke exs. no. 209. On the leaves of Bcroplmlaria aquatica. June. 1630. iEcidium pedicularis. LohoscTi. " Red-rattle Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Spots obliterated ; subiculum thickened ; peridia thickly and irregularly clustered, sub-immersed ; spores dirty, pallid orange. — Lk. Sp. ii. p. 47. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 254. Cooke M.F. p. 194. Loh. Act. Soc.Mosc.Y.76,t.b,f.l. Seem. Joiirn. ii. p. 40. Cooke exs. no. 105. On Pedicularis pjalustris. Sept. 1631. JEcidiuzn pzimulse. B.C. " Primrose Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? Protospores. Spots obliterated ; peridia solitary, scattered, and crowded, hypogenous ; spores whitish-yellow. — D.C.Fl. Fr. Y\.p. 90. Fng. Fl. \.p. 3G9. Seem. Journ. ii.p. 40. Cooke M.F. ^.194. Cooke exs. no. 2^Q. Berk. exs. no. '^4z\. On the under surface of leaves of primroses. May. 1632. iEcidium rubelluxn. Pers. " Dock Cluster Cups." Spermogones ? PROTospoPtEs. Spots purple ; peridia circinating ; centre free; spores yellowish-white. — Eng. i^Z. v./>. 369. Movg.exs.no. 286. Sow. t. 405. Purt. iii. t. 26. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 40. Cooke ^CIDIACEI. 545 M.F.p. 194. Cooke exs. 710. 15. Fchl. exs. no. 1664. Cooke L.F. no. 59. Oil leaves of dock, rliubarb, and sorrel. ]\Iav. June. [United States.] var. /3. avicTilare. Kunzc. Without definite spots. On leaves of Polygonum avimlare. AVincliester. We have seen only one specimen of this variety, received from 3Ir. F. J. "Warner, and from that would be disponed to regard it as a distinct species, but have not done so on the faith of a single specimen. 1633. JEcidiuzn aii. Bcrh Wake-robin Cluster Cups." SPEnMOGONES ? PnoTospoRES. Spots round, confluent ; peridia circinating, not crowded, central ones abortive. — Eng. Fl. v. p. 369. Seem. Journ. ii. p. 41. Cooke M.F. p. 1 94, On leaves of Arum maculatum. June. July. Rare. [United States.] 1634. iEcidiuzu allii. Grrev. " Garlic Cluster Cups." Spermogones. Preceding the peridia on the same or on different leaves ; spermatia minute, \Yhite. Protospores. Spots pale ; peridia circinating, not con- tiguous ; spores yellowish. — Grev, Fl. Ed. p. 447. Eng. Fl. v. p. 869. Seem. Journ. ii. j;. 41. Cooke M.F. p. 194. Cooke exs.no. 16. On leaves of Allium ursinum. June. July. 1635. .fficidiuin orchidearum. Fiedl. " Orchis Cluster Cup." Spermogones. Sometimes occuppng the centre of the tufts. Protospores. Spots large, pallid, orbicular or elongated ; peridia circinating, semi-immersed; spores golden-yellow. — Cooke M.F. 2d. ed.p. 228. Cooke exs. no. 106. A7. exs. no. 1690. On Orchis latifolla. June. Gen. 185. ENDOPKYLLUM, Lev. Peridium enclosed within the substance of the leaf, bursting irregularly. 2 A 546 ^CIDIACEI. 1636. Endophyllum sempezvivi, Eudophyllum." Lev. " Houseleek Peridia immersed, elliptic or roundisli ; spores ochraceous, be- coming brownish. — Uredo sempervivi. A. ^ S. p. 126. Berk. Ann. N.Il. no. 476. Seem. Journ. ii.p. 41. Cooke M.F.p. 194. On leaves of houseleek. Rare. \Yarwiclvshire. Gen. 186. GRAFHIOLA, Poit. Peridium sessile, ovate, double, exterior compact, coriaceous ; in- terior membranaceous, incised, longer than the exterior, giving rise to fascicles of erect, long, simple threads ; spores copious, minute, globose. — Corda. Anl. p. 74. {Fig. 221.) Fig. 221. 1637. Graphiola phoenicis. Poit " Date Palm Graphiola." Outer peridium hard, blackish ; inner peridium membrana- ceous, fugitive ; spores yellow. — Poiteau. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1824, p. 473, t. 26, f. 2. Ann. N.H. no. 1049. Chev. Fl. Par. t. 2, /, 1. Bail. 1. 18. Corda. Anl. t. C.f. 26, no. 5-8. Desm. exs. no. 436. Eav. exs. iv. no. 72. On palm leaves in conservatories. [Texas.] {Fi^. 221.) ISAEIACEI. 547 FAMILY IV. HYPHOMYCETES. Filamentous. Fertile threads naked, for the most part free especially above, or loosely compacted, simple or branched bearing the spores at their apices, rarely more closely packed, so as to form a distinct common stem. — Berk. Outl. p, 337. Fertile threads compacted, sometimes cellular Stem or stroma compound Spores dry. volatile Mass of spores moist, diffluent Fertile threads free or anastomosing Fertile threads dark, carbonized Spores mostly compound Fertile threads not carbonized Yery distinct Spores mostly simple Scarcely distinct from mycelium Spores profuse . Isariacei. StUbacei. Dematiei. Mur.edines. Sejp^doTiid. Order XVII I. ISAEIACEI. Threads more or less compacted, plants assuming hymeno- mycetous forms. — BerJc. Outl. p. 338. Receptacle elongated. Tips free Floccose . . . . Dilated above Eeceptacle branched Subgelatinous . Receptacle clavate Dusted with the spores Isaria. Anthinam Ceratium, Paxknoojhe. Sortie of the species formerly included in this order are now known to be conidiiferous states of higher forms. Many others are suspected. 2 A 2 548 ISARIACEI. Gen. 187. IS ARIA, Fr. Receptacle elongated, floccose, without any distinct heads. Tips of threads only free. — Berk. Outl.p. 338. {Fig. 222.) 1638. Isaiia felina. Fr. *' Cat's Isaria." Ccespitose, elongated, filiform, branched, white, internally solid, filamentose ; sporife- rous stratum lax, farijiaceous. — Fr. S.M. iii. p. 271. Chev.Jour.Fh.lS22,t.l,f.6. B.^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1050. On cat's dung in cellars. Jan. London. The specimens found were mixed with Mticor j^hycomyces. Is ARIA FARiNOSA. Fr. is a condition of Torruhia militaris. Tul. {Fig. 222.) \ Fig. 222. 1639. Isaxia axachnophila. Bitm. " Spider Isaria." Sub-C£espitose, clavate, simple, white ; generally pubescent or pulverulent, conidia in moniliform threads. — Fr. S.M. iii.|9. 273. Sturm, t. 55. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 117. Bisch.f. 37G9. On dead spiders. Colleyweston. This is not an autonomous species, but the conidia of some Torrubia, 1640. Isaria brachiata. Sclmm. " Branched Isaria." Gregarious, rigid, becoming smooth at the base, very much branched ; branches slender, patent, straight, white. — Fr. S.M. iii. ;9. 279. Batsch.f. leS. Berk. Mag. Zool. 4' Bot.no. 30. Fl. Dan. t. 2280,/. 3. Kl. exs. no. 1426. Fckl. exs. no. 169. On dead herbaceous stems. March. [Mid. Carolina.] 1641. Isaria citrina. P. *' Lemon-coloured Isaria." Gregarious, very nmch branched, soft, everywhere pilose, lemon-coloured, whitish at the tips. — Fr. S.M. iii.^j. 279. Berk. Mag. Zool. 4' Bot. no. 31. Pers. Ic. ^ Des. t. 3,/. 1. Sturm, t. 57. Corda. Anl. t. 9,/. 71, no. 5-7. Bisch.f. 3786. Pay.f. 351. On decaying fungi. Aug. — Nov. [Mid. Carolina.] ISARIACEI. 549 1642. Zsaria intzicata. Fr. " Intricate Isaria." Caespitose, capillary, branched, white; branches few, erect, intricate, villous ; apice> of the threads monosporous. — Fr. S.M. in. p. 278. Berk. Ann. JSF.H. no. 118. On decaying fungi. Autumn. 1643. Isazia Friesii. Jlont. " Fries's Isaria." Small, fasciculate, erumpent, white, villous, flocci bearing at their tips a minute, oblong, liyaline spore. — 3ront. Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. ii.-vi.;?. 28, vol. v. 1. 12./. o. Berh. Ann. N.H. no. 491. On dead twigs. Sometimes pale grey, sometimes fawn coloured. Not more than a line in length. 1644. Isaria pubezula. Berk. " Dahlia flower Isaria." Minute, reddish ; stem straight, branches few and simple ; apices clavate. — Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 221, t. 12, f. 12. On dead flowerF: of Dalilia. About 1 line high ; stem straight, slender, with generally three short obtuse branchlets given off from the same poiat, occasionally the stem is forked, but in this case I have not seen the second division branched. The whole plant is of a reddish-gray hue, and is mealy, with little granules and flocci. —M.J.B. Gen. 188. ANTKINA, Fr. Receptacle elongated, vertical, confluent with the stem, dilated above. Tips of threads only free. — Fr. S.M. iii. 79. 281. Berk. Outl. p. 338. {Fig. 223.) 1645. Anthina flamxnea. Anthina. Fr. "Yellow Attenuated downwards, smooth, blood- red, inclining to saffron-yellow, dilated above, plumose, yellow. — Fr. S.M. iii. p. 283. Kng. Fl.Y.p.32d. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 119. Berk. Outl. t. 21, f. 3. Roth. t. 3,/. Fig. 223. I Jiingh. Limi. lS30,f. 7, f. 4c. Clavaria ininiata, Purt.t. 18. Bisch.f. 3772. Fckl. ex5. 720. 1659. Berk.exs.no.2i)Q. On fallen beech leaves. Autumn. iF^Q' 223.) 550 ISARIACEI, Gen. 189. CEaATIUM, A. & S. Fig. 224. Receptacle branched, cylin- drical^ membranous, reticulated, sub-gelatinous, clothed with short fertile flocci, one in the centre of each reticulation. — Fr. S.M, in. p. 293. Berh. OutL p. 338. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 329. {Fig. 224,) 1646. Ceratium hydnoides. A. ^ S. " Chalky Ceratium." Aggregated, clavulae sub- discrete, resembling prickles, at length chalk-white. — Fr. S.M. iii. p. 294. Mich. t. 92,/. 2. Eng.Fl.Y,p.329. Bisch.f. 3770, Corda. Anl. t. 9, /. 71, no. 1-4, Kl. exs. no. 572. FcJcL exs. no. 170. Fl. Dan. t. 718./. 2. Jacq. Misc.i.t.16. Batsch.f.l9. Bull. t. 4:16,/. 2. A. y SA.2.f.l, Link. Diss. i. t.i.f. 38. Nees.f.82. Grev. t. 1^8. Clavaria hys- soides, Sow. t. 335. {Fig. 224.) On rotten wood. [New England.} Gen, 190 tL oo o ° o O o °°° O O o CQ 0 oC O o °o9go Fig. 225. PACHNOCYBi:, Berk, Stem solid, filiform below, elayate above, dusted with the minute spores, —Berk. Outl.p. 339, Eng.Fl. v. p. 333, {Fig. 225,) 1647. Pachnocybe subulata. Berh, " Awl- shaped Pachnocybe." Stem brown-grey, subulate^ slightly incrassated above ; spores minute. — Berk. Eng. FL v.p, 333. Sow. t. 386, f, 5. Nees. N.A. Cur. ix. t. 5,/. 8. Sturm, t. 30. Be7^k. exs. wo. 51. On wood, sticks, &c. [Low. Carolina.] Stem 5-2 lines or more high, brownish cinereous, truly subulate, or slightly thickened above, often fasciculate, occasionally breaking up longi- tudinally into flocci, the upper half clouded with the minute elliptic spores, which gradually fall away when the plant is placed in water.— ^n^. FL (Fig. 225.) ISAEIACEI. 551 1648. Pachnocybe gzisea. Berh. " Grey Pachnocybe." Densely gregarious, abbreviated ; stem blackish ; heads glo- bose ; spores grey. — Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 334. Periconia discolor, Corcla. iii./. 38. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 495*. On dead herbaceous stems. Stem dark, nearly black, composed of fibres not a line Mgh, head greyish, at length dusky, spores elliptic. — Etig. Fl. 1649. Pachnocy'be acicula. BerTi, "Needle-shaped Pachnocybe." Gregarious ; stem white or palhd ; head sub-globose ; spores elliptic. — Eng.Fl. v. p. 334. On dead herbaceous stems. Mycelium obsolete. Scarcely a line high, gregarious, but rather scattered, pure white, or with the slightest possible pallid tinge on the stem. Stem splitting UD into fibres ; receptacle sub-globose, covered with minute elliptic spores. — Eng. Fl. 1650. Pachnocybe albida. Berl. "Whitish Pachnocybe." Gregarious, pure white, clavato, spores large, oval (oval- oblong. Fr.) — Eng. Fl. v. p. 335. Sporocyhe albida, Fr. S.M. ill. p. 14. Berk. exs. no. 52, On rotten wood. Not aline high. Gregarious, but rather scattered, white 5 stem marked with cells like the leaves of a Hypmi/m, filiform at the base, confluent with the strongly clavate apex, which is sometimes forked. Spores scattered on the receptacles large, oval, transparent. — Eng. FL 552 STILBACEI. Order XIX. STILBACEI. Ecceptacle subglobose, often stipitate, clothed with mostly minute, diffluent, sub-gelatinous spores. — Berk. OutLp. 339. More or less stipitate Stem firm ; bead subglobose Spores minute, involved in glut Spores fusiform Straight Curved . Shortly, or scarcely stipitate Receptacle wart-like Spores minute, gelatinous Sessile Receptacle bristly Spores gelatinous, diffluent Receptacle discoid, immarginate Receptacle at length marginate Receptacle subglobose, vesicular Receptacle obscure Spores pulverulent . Spores disposed in threads en Stilbum. AtracHum. Microcera. Tubercularia, Volutella. Fusarium. Myrothecium, Epicoccum. Illosjoorium. jEyerita. Gen. 191. STILBUM, Tode. Fig. 226. Stem firm, elongated ; head nearly globose ; sjDores minute, or elon- gated, involved in gluten. Berk. Oiitl.p. 339. Eng. FLY.p.329. (Fig. 226!) 1651. Stilbum toxnentosuxn. Sclirad. ""Woollv Stilbum. White, head globose ; stems equal, tomentose, connected by a byssoid mycelium. — Sclirad. Journ. 1799, 't. 3,/. 1. Fr. S.M. iii. p. 301. Grev. t. 281. Sturm, t. 46. Eng. Fl. y.p. 330. Bisch.f. 3781. On different species of Tricliia. [Low. Carolina.] STILBACEI. 553 1652. Stilbum aurantiacum. Bcrli. " Orange Stilbum." Subfasciculate, orange ; stem smooth, darker below, head STib-clavate ; spores oblong, obtuse, subtruncate. — Berk. Ann. N.H, no. 223, 1. 12 J. 14. Bah. Ahstr. Linn. Trnns. 1839. On dead elm branches. Leicestershire. Receptacle composed of sub-dicliolomous filaments, crowned with abortive spores, which are about one third shorter than those which are perfect. 1653. Stilbum vaporarium. B. ^ Br. " Stove Stilbum." Stems crowded, fasciculate, more or less connate at the base, cinereous ; heads flesh coloured ; spores oblong, large. — Ann. N.H.no.4rd3. On wood in stoves. Kew Gardens. ■^his species can scarcely be regarded as indigenons ; if so it is still too closely allied to Stilbumfasciculatum, from which it differs chiefly in the size of the spores. 1654. Stilbum fasciculatum. 7?, c& B?'. " Fasciculate Stilbum." Stems flabellato-fasciculate, connate at the base, cinereous ; heads flesh coloured ; spores elliptic, small. — Ann. N.H. no. 492- 1148*. On decayed wood. Swansea. Stems gray, fasciculate, connate at the base, so as to form little flabelli- form tufts. Figured by Tulasne (Carp. iii. t. 14, /. 14-19.) as a state of his Sporostilhe fjracilij^es, and is therefore not autonomous. 1655. Stilbum fimetariiim. B.&Br. " Dung Stilbum." Small, of a pleasant red colour ; head at first subcorneal, then nearly plane, somewliat angular, — Ann. N.H. no. 494. Helotium Jimefarium, Pers. Syn.p. 678. Leotia fimrtaria^ Pers. Ohs. ii. t. 5, /.4,5. On dung. [S. Carolina.] 1656. Stilbum erythrocephalum.. Dltm. " Eosy Stilbum." Heads globoso-turbinate, rose-coloured ; stem rather thick, pilose, whitish. — Fr. S.M. iii. 79. 302. Ditm. Slurm. t. 45. Eng. Fl. Y-.jy. 330. Bisch.f. 3780. Kt. exs. no. 1428. 2 a5 554 STILBACEI. On dung. King's Cliffe. Scattered' Stem equal or attenuated upwards, at first blunt, witLout any bead, and clothed with patent subfasciculate, or suberoct down, with a few spreading flocci at the base, at length the apex swells, at first downy all over, but soon smooth, a little rugged, firm ; spores elliptic. — Eng.FU X657. Stilbum rigidum. P. « Eigid Stilbum." Head subrotnnd, hyaline, then milk-Avhite or cinereous ; stem iilifomi, verv long, black. — TJ&t. Ann. \\. t. 2, f. 2. Sturm, t. 59, BerJc. Mag. Zool. ^- Bot. no. 32. Fr. S.M, iii. p. 302. Fckl, exs. no, 111. On decayed wood. pVIid. Carolina.] 1658. Stilbum piliforme. P. « Hair-like Stilbum." Head globose, hyaline; stems fasciculate, snbnl ate, rigid, black. —Fr. S3I. iii.p. 303. Nees.f. 88. Berk. Mag. Zool. ^ Bot. no. 33. Corda. Anl. t. B.f. 20, no, 4-6. Berh, exs. no. 50. On decayed wood. [Mid. Carolina.} 1659. Stilbum bicolor. P. " Two-coloured Stilbum." Head subrotund, whitish ; stem subulate, pallid, olive-brown below.— i^r. S.M. \i\.p. 303. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 330. Fl. Dan. t. 2280, /.I. On trunks of trees. Appin. 1660. Stilbum anomalum. BerTi, " Anomalons Stilbum." Head subglobose, yellow ; stem black, yellow above, generally smooth, sometimes slightly floccose at the base; spores sul>- fusiform. — Berk. Mag. Zool. ^ Bot. no. 34, t. 3,/. 9. On dead twigs. King's Cliffe. About half aline high; stem black, yellow above, generally smooth, but sometimes furnished with a few short flocci towards the base ; head sub- globose, yellow, when placed in water falling away into subfusiform spores, which rest upon a flat disc-like expansion of the upper part of the stem. Con- sistence not at all gelatinous. Eesembling S. xanthocerpTwImn, except in th.e form of the spores. — M.J.B. 1661. Stilbum nigrum. Berl. " Black Stilbum ." Stem short, dirty white, head ovate or subglobose, granulated ; spores subcylindric. — Eng.Fl.Y.p. 330. On dead Eriophorum, STILBACEI. 555 About ^ line Mgh, stem rather more than half the whole height, head somewhat granulated, compact, and not the least pulverulent when dry, dissolvT.ng in water, and giving out a multitude of minute, subcylindric spores, which are spread over the depressed black apex of the stem. — En a. Fl. 1662. Stilbum pellucidum. Schrad. " Pellucid Stilbum." Head subrotund, whitish ; stem equal, rigid, hyaline. — Fr. S.M. 'ill p.^0^. Eng.Fl.Y.p.SSO. Fckl. exs, no. 17 6. On wood and decayed fungi. 1663. Stilbuxa tuzbinat-um. Tode. " Top-shaped Stilbum." Head globose or turbinate, pellucid, yellowish, as well as the sub- equal stem. — Fr. S.M. iii.p. 304. Fng. FL Y.p. 330. Tode. t. 2, /. 2. Pers.Ic.Pict.t.22,f.l. Bisch.f. 3811. Bahh. F.E.no. 61. On soft decayed wood. []\Iid. Carolina.] Head inversely pear-shape'3, white; spores globose. Stem attenuated upwards, pale yellow, at length verdigris-green at the base, probably from the presence of some minute Algse. — -£'/c^- Fl. 1664. Stilbum vulgare. Tode. " Common Stilbum." Gregarious, whitish, head globose ; stem subequal, rather thick. —Fr. S.2I. iii.^. 305. Fng. FL y.p. 330. Tode. t. 2,/ 16. Sturm. t. 58. KL exs.no. 1752. SchnzL 1. 12, f. 44,45. Corda. i. /. 272. On decaying wood, &c. [Mid. Carohna.] " Head roundish, nearly white, semi-fluid, at length firmer and yellowish; stem rather thick, cylindrical;" always minute, but variable, the head at length pruinose from the globose white spores. (Fij. 226.) Gen. 192. Fig. 227. ATRACTZUM. Fr. Stem fiiTn ; head subglobose ; spores fusiform, elongated. — Berk. OutLp. 340. (Fig. 227.) 1665. Atractium flammeum. B. dc I^ai'. " Flame-red Atractium." Shortly sub-cylindrical, flame-red, white below, pruinose ; spores curved, fusiform, hyaline, with six or more septa, on long sporophores. — Ann. N.H. no. 7d7. TuL Carp, iii.p. 104, f. xiii./, 12. On the bark of willows. [S. Carolina.] Scarcely ^ line Mgh, head convex ; spores '003 in. long. The habit is just that of Stilbum auraiitiacum. According to Tulasne this is the conidiophorous state oi Sjjhoerostilhe jlainmea. {Fig, 227.) ^^^^6 STILBACEI. niCROCERA, Desm, Veil persistent, membranaceo-floc- cose, then splitting above into lacinise ; receptacle clavatc, fleshy, composed of nearly simple sporiferoiis threads; spores fusiform, arcuate. — Desm. Ann. Sc.Nat.(l^i^).^.rp.^h'd. {Ftg. 228.) Fig. 228. 1666. TCicrocera coccophila. Desm. " Coccus Microcera." Very minute, subcasspitose, conical, simple, rose-red, mem- brane of the base very thin, whitish, vaginate, connate ; spores hyaline, elongated, acute at either end. — Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1848, x.p. 359. Exs. no. 1750. Babh. exs. 72o.'269. Cooke exs. no. 350. Tal. F. Carp, iii.p. 105. Parasitic on Cocci on bark of trees. Tulasne considers this to be the conidiophorous form of a species of Nectria. {Fig. 228.) Gen. 194. VOLUTELLA, Fr. Receptacle fringed, or studded with long hyaline bristles ; spores diffluent, gelatinous. — Fr. S.M. m.p. 466. Berk. Outl.p. 340. {Fig. 229.) 1667. Volutella ciliata. Fr. "Fringed Volutella." Substipitate, wdiitish, then rose coloured, circumference ciliated with erect bristles. — Fr. S.M. iii. p. 467. Bisch.f. 3827. Psilonia rosea, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 353. Berk. exs. no. 56. Ann. N.H. no. 495. On potatoes. Winter and spring. [Mid. Carolina.] Spores elliptic or oblong, larger and slightly curved ; bristles sharp-pointed, septate. There is a sort of stroma, probably formed from abortive bristles. -M.J.B. Fig. 229. STILBACEI. 557 1668. Volutella setosa. BerTi. " Bristly Yolutella." Quite sessile, white, mass of spores surrounded by and mixed with erect elongated bristles. — BerJc. Outl.p. 340. Psilonia setosa, Eng. Fl. v. p. 353. JEcjerita setosa, Grev. t. 268,/. 2. Fr. S.M. ]ii.p. 220. On wood, herbaceous stems, &c. Appin. Spores globose and fusiform. The bristles spring from the base and pene- trate the whole mass. {Fig. 229.) 1669. Volutella hyacinthorum. Berk. " Hyacinth Yolutella." Very minute, white, very shortly but distinctly stipitate,mass of spores surrounded by bristles. — BerJ:. Out. p. 340. Psilonia hyacinthorum, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 353. On dead bulbs. King's Cliffe. Volutella Buxi. Berk. Outl. is a state of JSfectria Itous- seliana. 1670. "Volutella melaloma. B.^^Br. " Orange Volutella." Stroma orange, hairs black ; spores shortly fusiform, slightly lunate, appendiculate. — B. ^ Br, Ann. N.H. no. 496, t. xi./. 3. On Carices. Perfectly superficial. Stroma and spores brigbt orange, fringed with black articulated hairs. In company with JVeottiospora caricum. Gen. 195. TUBERCULARIA, Tude. Eeceptacle verruc^eform, in- nate, clothed with a dense stra- tum of gelatinous, minute spores. — Berk. Outl.p. o^^. Probably none of the species are autonomous. {Fig. 230.) " Granulate Tubercularia." Fig. 230. 1671. Tubezculazia gzanulata. P. Stratum of spores, rugose, dirty-red, at length brown, margin naked; spores subfusiform. — i^r. iS'.lf.iii./'. 465. Grev. 1. 1^1, 558 STILBACEI. Fries. exs.no.Tol. Eng.Fl.Y.p.Soi. Bon. t il f. 222. Bisch.f, 3831. ELexs.dd,13d2. On dead brandies. [United States.] {Fig. 230 nat. size and magnified section.) 1672. Tubercularia nigricans. Lk. " Blackish Tubercularia." Stratum of spores, even, red, at length black, margin naked. —Fr.S.M.m.p.Uo, Bull. t. 465,/. 1. Eng. Fl.v.p. Soi. On trunks. [Mid. Carolina.] It is very doubtful whether this and the preceding are any more than aberrant forms of Talercularia vulgaris^ and therefore ouly conidia of xYecirta. See Tulasne Carjp'.ni.2>.7^- 1673. Tubercularia persicina. Bitm. " Parasitic Tuber- cularia." Sub-innate, -^liite ; stratum of spores even, convex, lilac. — Fr. S.2I. iii. p. 466. Sturm, iii. t. 49. Bisch.f. 3833. Kl. exs. no. 1163. FcJd.exs.no. 1642. On pustules oi uEcidia. [Low. Carolina.] Tubercularia vulgaris. Tode, Eng. Fl. v. p. 354 is only the conidiiferous condition of Nectria cinnaharina. Gen. 196. FUSARZUM, Link. Eeceptacle discoid, innato-erumpent, immarginate, clothed with diffluent sub- gelatinous spores. — Berk. Outl.p. 341. The majority of species included .under this ' genus are probably conditions of higher ^ forms, (Fig. 231.; Fig. 231. 1674. Fusarium lateritium. Nees. " Brick-red Fusarium." Hemispberical or irregular, soft, yellowish-red, stroma some- what thickened, spores curved.— i^r. S.M. iii.p. 470. Nees. f. 26. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 249. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1837, viii. t. 2,f. 7. Bisch. f. 3837. Fckl. exs. no. 210. Berk. exs. no. 262. On dead twigs (willow, lime, &c.). [Low. Carolina.] STILBACEI, 559 1675. Fusariuxn heteronexna. B. tfc Br. " Pear Fusarium." Flocci septate below, joints broad, inarticulate above, branclied, often forked, slender ; spores oblong, curved, uniseptate. — Ann. N.H. no. 1051, t. xiv.f. 9. On decaying pears. Oct. Bath east on. Resembling somewhat Septorporium curoahim^ Casp. but not really closely allied. This species is often accompanied by the common orange Fusarium, which is known at once by its very different spores. — B. (t Br. {Fig. 231.) 1676. Fusaxiuxu heterosporium. JV. " Rye Fusarium." Effused, red, stroma of conidia expanded, perfect spores curved. ■■ — Fr. S.M. iii. p. 472. Nees. N.A. Cur. ix.p. 135. A7in. N.H. no. 955. FcJd. exs. no. 1068. Bisch.f. 3898. Pringsh. Jahrh. ii. t. 29, /. 20. Kl. exs. ii. no. 187. On glumes and seeds of Eye. Near Arundel. Most probably the stylospores of Claviceps purpurea ^ Tul. Fusarium roseum. Link. See Nectria pulicaris, of which Tulasne states it is the conidia. Fusarium tremelloides. Grev. is doubtless only a stylos- porous condition of Pezizafusarioides.. Gen. 197. IHXYROTHEGIUIVI, Tode. <\A *• r r 1 '-t> ^ 1 -"^ "'' "i* Eeceptacle at length marginate; spores dif- fluent, oblong, forming a flat or slightly convex dark-green stratum. — Berk. Outl.p. 341. {Fig. 232.) Fig. 232. 1677. Myxothecium roridum. Tode. " Dewy Myrothecium." Disc turgid ; spores cylindrical. — Fr. S.M.\n.p.211 . Tode.t. h,f.38. Grev.t.UO. Eng.Fl.Y.p.323. Bisch.f. 3686. FcU. exs. no. 166. On decaying plants. [Low. Carolina.] {F'ig. 232.) 560 STILEACEI. Gen. 198. EFZCOCCUM, Link. Eeceptacle subglobose, vesicular, studded with large, somewhat stipi- /^ ^ ^^ tate spores.^^e?'/j. Owf/. p. 341. ^■^^^i^^' . 259. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 4:97. Berk. exs. no. 293. Uahh.F.E.no.lZ. On Peltidea canina. Apetliorpe. 1682. Illosporium corallinum. Roherge. Illosporium." Coralline Gregarious, minute, rosy, globose, then cylindrical, somewhat branched, coralline ; spores conglutinate, polymorphous, sub- hyaline. — Desm.Ann. Sc.Nat. (1848), x. p. 342. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 4:dS. Desm.exs. wo. 1551. I.coccineum, Corda. On Borrera tenella. Autunm and Winter. 1683. Illosporium coccineum. Fr. "Carmine Illosporium." Crowded, minute, sphcerical, persistent, carmine red. — Fr. S.M. in. p. 259. B. ^ Br. Ann. X.H. no. 499. Fckl. exs. no. 240. On Pertusaria comrminis. [Low. Carolina.] Gen. 200. 1684. .SGERITA, P. Receptacle obscure ; spores ir- regular, disposed in short moni- liform threads at the apices of flexuous, branched, radiating, compacted peduncles. — Berk. Outl.p.?A2. (Fi^. 235.; Fig. 235. JEs;exita Candida. P. " White ^Egerita." Smooth, soon mealy, white ; spores ovate-oblong. — Fr. S.M. iii.;?. 220. Eng.Fl.x. p.o'M. Fckl. exs. no. IQ^. Grev.t.2^9>, f, 1. Bisch.f.S6S3. Hoff.F.G.u. t.'dJ.l.B.^-Br.Ann.N.H.no. 823, t. 9,/. 7. On damp decaying wood. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Crowded, granule-Hke, globose, or hemispherical, of the size of a poppy seed, ^vhite, at first even, smooth, then minutely squamulose or mealy from the breaking up of the spores- "There is certainly no peridium, and the genus is typical of a compact Oidium.'' Spores ('OOOG-'OuOo in.) '015 — '0125 m.m. long. {Fig. 235.) 562 DEMATIEl. Order XX. DEMATIEl. A rthro lotryum . Periconia. Threads free, rarely collected into stem-like bundles, more or less corticated, and carbonized, as are frequently the simple or septate spores. — Berk. OutLj). 342. In tlie more typical species tliere is a distinct membrane, which shells off, and where this does not exist the threads are dark and dingy, but never white, er of pure tints. — M.J.B. Mocci united in a common stem. Spores septate, dark, radiating Spores simple, in a globose head riocci free, simple. With a vesicular head. Spores simple, radiating . Even, straight. Spores 1-2 apical, subglobose Spores simple, moniliform, basal Torulose. Spores solitary, multicellular Thickened at the joints. Spores fusiform .... Spores biconical, angular . Thickened at the apex. Spores curved, apical, m clusters Moniliform Spores didymous Flexuous. Spores on sporangiform bodies . Obscure or delicate. Spores basal, multicellular Flocci free, simple, or branched. Spores concatenate, septate Spores concatenate, simple Spores in a globose head . Spores septate, apical Spores multiseptate, scattered . Spores pedicellate Spores triradiate Spores flat, spiral Spores clavate, at first spiral Flocci branched, flexuous. Spores uniseptate Flocci branched, upper joints inflated Spores septate .... Flocci with short, verticellate branches. Spores single .... Flocci branched, tufted. Spores globose, clustered . . (EdocepJialum. . Monotospora. . S_porodv,m. . Mystrosporium. . Arthrinium. . Gonatosporium. . Canvptoum. . Polythrincium. . (Edemium, . Macrosporizcm. . Dendryphium. . Hajilogra-phmm. . Sporocyhe. . Acrothecium. . Helmintkosjjorium . Septosponum. . Triposporium. . Helicoma. . Helicocoryne. . Cladosporium. . Cladotrichum. . Stachylotrys. . Cephaloirichum, DEMATIEI. 563 Gen. 201. ARTKROBOTRYUra, Cesati. Common stem composed of jointed threads ; spores large, radiating, so as to form a little head, dark, septate. — Berk. Outl.p. 3-i2. {Fig. 236.) 1685. Arthrobotryum atrum. B. 4' Br. " Black Arthrobotryum." Stem short ; spores large, hyaline at the extremities, unequally articulated. —Ann. N. H. no. 822, t. 9,/. 6. On dead nettle stems. Dec. Bath- easton. Fig. 236. Minute, stem short, composed of simple, articulated tkreads, which are swollen above, and terminate in subelliptic, very obtuse, unequally articu- lated spores, which are dark in the centre and hyaline at the extremities, (•001--0015 in.) long, exclusive of the swollen base.— 5. d; Br. [.Fig. 236.) 1686. Arthrobotryum stilboideuxn. Ces. "Dense-headed Arthrobotryum.' ' Stem elongated ; spores cylindrical, obtuse, three times as long as broad, triseptate. — Cesati. Hedw. t. 4, /. 1. B. ^ Br. Ann. a.II. no. 94:3. A. Broomii. Babh.exs.no. 66. On pollard willows. April. Spores '0005 in. long, forming a dense St ilhum -like head. [A similar, if not identical, species has been found once on a piece of straw from Norfolk, but the spores were only bi-nucleate, 7iot septate, perhaps immature .] Gen. 202. Fig. 237. DENDRYPHIUIVI, Corda. Threads free, jointed, simple below, branched above ; branches and branchlets often monilioid ; spores sefjtate, acroge- nous, concatenated. — Berk. Outl.p. 342. The spores in this genus sometimes form moni- liform threads, and sometimes exhibit the more usual mode of growth in Septonema. {Fig. 237.) 1687. Dendryphium comosum. Wallr. '• Woolly Dendryphium." Tufts indeterminate, black ; stem simple, brown, moniliform above ; spore-bearing threads radiating, simple, or branched, or 564 DEMATIEI. forming a rather dense head ; spores polymorphous, elongated, septate, yellow-brown; articulations sub-quadrate, contents granular.— Tra//r.i^Z. Cr.ii. p. 300. CorcZa. i./. 279. Rahh.F.E. no. 82. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 820. FcJd. exs. no. 1523. On dead nettle stems. The base of the stem is sometiraes sheathed, as in the genus Spcn^ochisma . 1688. Dendryphium cuxtum. B. ^' Br. " Short Dendry- phium." Thinly effused ; flocci erect, divided above into short, forked raniuli; spores curved, 3-7 septate, articulations constricted. — ^nn. N.H. no. 538, t. 6,/. 9. Cooke exs. no. 357. On dead stems of nettles. Dundee, &c. Black, forming very thin, effused patches. Fertile flocci springing from creeping tilaraonts, erect, straight, septate, divided above into a few short furcate or trifid ramuli, which are surmounted by curved 3-7 septate spores, whose articulations are strongly constricted. A small but neat species, re- markable for the short-forked ramuli. The tips of these are often greatly constricted at the articulations when the spores begin to grow.— B.d; Br. (Fig, 237.; 1689. Dendryphium laxum. B. S; Br. "Loose-branched Dendryphium." Stems short, loosely branched above ; spores elongated, sub- flexuose 7-11 septate. — Ann. N.H. no. 539, t. 6,/. 10. On dead stems of Inula viscosa. King's Cliffe. Patches effused, black ; flocci short, erect, articulated, sending off loose branches, which either spring at once from them, or are replaced by a few swollen joiuts ; spores linear, curved, or somewhat flexuous, multiseptate, springing often from the forked tips ; articulations slightly constricted j en- dochrome frequently containing a nucleus.— £. d: Br. 1690. Dendryphium ramosum. Cooke. " Branched Dendryphium." Patches effused, black ; flocci erect, articulated, branched above ; branches furcate, elongated, lax ; spores straight, cylin- drical, 3-5 septate. — Cooke exs. no. 294. On herbaceous stems. July. Ashmanhaugh, Norfolk. The branches are not radiating as in D. comosum, septate, but not monili- form, lax, but more capitate than D. laxum. Branches three or four times as long as in Z) . curium. 1691. Dendryphium griseum. B. ^^ Br. " Grey Den- dryphium." Grey ; flocci sparingly branched ; spores cylindrical, conca- tenate, at length uniseptate, hyaline. — Ann. N.H. no. 510, t. 6,f. 11. Babh.F.E. no. 83. DEMATIEI. 565 On dead nettle stems. March. Blui3(i-gray, forming little patches ; flocci sparingly branched almost from the base, as far as we have seen inarticulate; spo.res cylindrical, apiculate at either end, elongated, arranged in dichotomous chains, at length divided by a central septum. This is not like the other species, dark and opaque. The line of demarcation between the chains of spores and threads is strongly marked. — B. d: Br. " Elegant Den- 1692. Deudryphium fuxnosum. BerTi. diyphium,"' Tufts black, or dingy, more or less effused ; flocci erect, short, paler above ; spores large, clavate or elongated, endochrome transversely multiseptate, brown. — Cooke QueJcettJourn. ii.(1870), t. 5. Dactylium famosum, Corda Mucedinees, t. xxii. Helminth, fumosum^ Curr. Micr. Jour. v. p. 116, t. 8,f.,6. On dead Umbellifers. The flocci are stiff and erect, and when ripe of a very dark brown, or al- most black colour, being so opaque that it is a matter of difficulty to make out that they are septate. At the apices of the flocci there originate several rows of almost colourless cells, arranged in a moniliform manner, and spread- ing in difi"<-'rent directions. The spores are attached in rows at the ex- tremities of the chains of colourless cells, and are of a rich brown, usually somewhat narrowed at each end, and divided by several transverse lines, which have the appearance of septa. — Curr. Gen. 203. FERICONIA, Corda. com- Fig. 238. On rotten linen. •Stem composed of fasciculate, pacted threads ; head globose ; spores fixed to the free apices of the threads. Berk. Outl. p. 343. {Fig. 238.) 1693. Fericonia glaucocephala. Corda " Glaucous-headed Fericonia." Tufts delicate, farinose, glaucescent ; stem short, slender, smooth, black- brown, opaque, pulvinate above ; head spherical, laige, glaucous; spores ovate, nucleate. — Ann. N.H. no. 495. Corda. Ic. iii./. 37. Kind's Cliffe. The threads of which the stem is composed are swollen at the apex into a pulvinate capitulum, about which the spores form a spherical head. (Fig. 238.; 1694. Fericonia calicioides. BerTi. " Small-headed Periconia." Black, mycelium effused, spot-like ; head globose, com- pact; stem slender, subulate. — Berk. Outl. p. 343. Sporocyhe 666 DEMATIEI. calicioides.Fr. SM.m.p.2>A:2. Eng. Fl.Y.p.^Z^. Vei.Ac.lSl^, t. b,f. 6. On dead herbaceous stems. Head small, soon falling off. Gen. 204. (EDOCEFHALUM, Preuss. Hyphasma creeping, septate, stem erect, sep- tate, simple, ending in a vesicular head which bears the spores ; spores simple, subradiating. — Preuss in Sturm. Yi.p. 121. {Fig. 239.) 1695. (Edocephaluxn lasticolosr. B. di Br. " Bright-coloured CEdoceplialum." Very minute, brick red, stem equal, pallid; head subglobose; spores globose, granulated, aj)pendiculate. — Ann. N.H. no. 1056, t. 14,/. 12. Fig. 239. On sheep's dung. Oct. Batheaston. Not lialf a line liigt, sending out at the base a few tlu'eads into the matrix ; before the head is formed nearly cylindrical, with some large oil globules, which at length, in great manner, vanish ; spores 'OOOG-'OOOS in. diameter, with a little appendage at the base Kke those of Eirlcoccum. — B. & Br. {Fig. 239.) Gen. 205. SFOROCYBE, Fries. Flocci septate, free ; heads globose, studded mth spores. — Berh. Outl. p. 343. {Fig. 240.) 1696. Sporocybe byssoides. Fr. " Velvety Sporocybe." Black ; head globose, compact ; spores globose; stem subulate, pellucid at the apex. — Fr. SM. iii. p. 343. Eng. Fl. v. p. 333. Nees. N.A. Cur. ix. t. 5, /. 9. Bon. t. 10, /. 217. Babh. F.E. no. 64. Coolce exs. no. 278. On dead herbaceous stems. Winter. [United States.] Forming a thin, black, velvety stratum, easily recognised under a lens by the globose heads with which the hairs of the pile are terminated. Scarcely h a line high ; stem stiff, brown, obscurely annulated ; spores large, globose, pellucid, brovm, minutely echinulate. The apex of the stem is generally a little incrassated, forming a receptacle for the sporidia. —M.J.B. Fig. 240. de:matiei. 567 1697. Sporocybe nigxella. BerTi. *' Black Sporocybe." Very minute, black ; stem simple, very slender, articulated ; spores globose, smooth. — BerJ:. Ann. N.H. no. 22Q^ 1. 13,/. 16. On dead leaves of grass. King's Cliffe, &c. Extremely minute, not one-fourth of a line higli, dark black; stem slender with 4-5 articulations ; heads globose ; spores globose, smooth, with a glo- bose nucleus. The whole plant is dark, so that it requires a good light to gee the articulations of the stem, which are, however, very evident.— M. J. B. (Fig. 240.; 1698. Sporocybe altemata. Berk. " Alternate Sporocybe." Grey -black, forming little orbicular patches; extremely mi- nute ; mycelium thin, decumbent ; fertile flocci articulate, erect, or subdecumbent, branched alternately in a zigzag manner ; each branch terminated by a slightly swollen receptacle, which is studded with oblong subtruncate spores. — Ann. N.H. no. '221 . Aspergillus alternatus. Berh. Ann. N.H. no. 126, f. 8,/. 11. On damp paper. [Mid. Carolina.] The mode of branching is, as it were, annotinous, the same as that of Ascoti'icha chartarum. Gen. 206. STACHYBOTRYS, Corda. Flocci septate, free ; branches bearing short, verticillate ramuli at their apices, forming a little head, and each terminated by a spore. — Berh. Outl.p. 343. {Fig. 241.) 1699. Stachybotrys atra. Corda. '• Black Stachybotrys." Tufts delicate, black ; stem dichotomous, sparsely septate, olive-yellow, branches colourless at the apex; spores brown, ovate, or elliptic, with a thick, transverse septum. — B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 817. Corda. If. 278. Pa?/, f. 333. On damp millboard. The spores are not in any stage echinulate, nor are they so broad as in S.Iobulafa. (Fi'j.-2A1.) 1700. Stachybotrys lobulata. ^^-rA-. '■' Lobed Stachybotrys." Black, threads branching proliferously ; ramuli sabalternate, attenuated; apices 4-5 lobed; spores elliptic, echinulate, or Fig. 241 . 668 DEMATIEl. smooth, biniicleate. — Berk. Outl. p. 343. Sporocyhe lohulata. Berk, Ann. JSr.II. no. 228, 1 13,/. 17. Rahli. F.E. no. 171. On damp liuen. From the articulated creeping mycelium spring slender very minutely scabrous threads, branched proliferously ; ramuli often alternate attenu- ated, their apices swelHng into a pyriform 4-5 lobed receptacle, from which spring elliptic spores, some of which are echinulate, others smooth, with two nuclei. The lobes are not mamillate as in S. atra, and the spores have no true septum. — M.J. B. Gen. 207. HAPLOGRAFKIUra, B. & Br. Fig, 242. Flocci septate, free, black ; spores concate- nate, hyaline. — B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H.no. 818. Berk . Outl. p. 343. Distinguished from Grwphium by its stem, con- sisting of a single thread, and from PeTikillmm by this being carbonized. (Fig. 242 J 1701. Haplographium delicatuxn. B. c& Br. " Delicate Haplographium." Heads small, somewhat olivaceous ; spores oblong.— i^. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. n. 818, t. 9, /. 4. On dead stumps. Batheaston. Forming a subolivaceous stratum ; flocci black, mostly simple, but occa- Bionally slightly divided ; heads small, composed of sub-dichotomous threads, consisting of oblong sublinear spores, about -0002 in. loDg. The flocci, when squeezed, often split longitudinally, though they are not in the slightest de- gree compound.— -B. d: Br. (Fig. 242. ) Gen. 208. MONOTOSPORA, Corda. Flocci septate, free, black, bearing one or rarely two (by division) large black subglobose spores at their apex. — Berk. Outl.j). 344. {Fig. 243.) 1702. Monotospora megalospoira. B .S Br. " Large-spored JMonotospora." Flocci straight, simple ; spores obovate, large, even. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 759, 1. 15, /; 11, and no. 943*. On bark of yew. King's Cliffe. Jet black ; flocci erect, straight, nearly e(y:al, simple, Fig. 243. articulated ; spores terminal, obovate, even, COOM- "00133 in.) '035 m.m. long.— " A form has occurred on an old stump with broadly fusiform spores, "0012 in. in diameter."— ^.cL-jBr. (Fig. 243 .> DEMATIEI. 569 1703. Monotospoxa sphaexocephala. B. ^^ Br. " Eound- headed Monotospora." Stratum effused, dense black ; flocci simple ; spores globose, even. — B. ^. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 819, ^. 9,/. 5. On dead stumps. Dec. Batbeaston. Forming a dense black stratum ; flocci black, moderately thick, with two or three septa; spores globose, terminal, even, '001 in. diameter ; sometimes seated on a swollen base. This differs from J/, megalos^ora in that the spores are globose, not obovate, and smaller. — B.S'.J/. iii. ^. 359. Eng.Fl. v. ^.336. Biscli.f. 3717. On herbaceous stems. Winter. Sporidia of a dark pellucid brown . 1713. Helxninthospoxium simplex. Eze. '' Simple Helmiuthosporium." Flocci aggregate, simple, or slightly branched, obtuse, black ; spores fusiform, acute, pellucid, septa evanescent. — Nees. N.A. Cur. ix./. 11. Corda, Fr. S.M. iii.^. 359. Eng. Fl. v. p. 337. Bisch.f. 3715. On rotten branches. Forming a thin, dirty, uniform stratum like that of some Torula ; septa 2-3. 1714. Helminthospoiriuin tiliae. Fr. " Lime Helmin- thosporium." Flocci simple, obtuse, obscurely annulated, brown-black, fas- ciculate, on a convex erumpent stroma, the greater part changed into spores. — Fr. S.M. m.p. 360. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 337. Bisch.f. 3787. Ann. N.H. 230, 1. 13,/. 18. Exosporium Tilice, Grev. t. 208. Sphoeria echinata, Sow. Herb. On lime branches. Common. 1715. Helminthosporium Rousselianum. Mont. "Eoussel's Helminthosporium." Flocci simple, congregated, sooty black, bulbous at the base, apex pellucid, oblong, incrassated, and nodulose, remotely sep- tate ; spores fusiform, hyaline, 3-5 septate. — Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat. in. Nov. 184:9, p. 300. B. i^^ Br. Ann. NH. no. oOS*. On beech, with SjJorochisma mirahile, B. of which it is a secondary form of fruit. 1716. Helminthosporium turbinatum. B. S) Br. "Top- shaped Helminthosporium." Flocci slender, simple ; spores elongato-turbinate, truncately apiculate, 4-7 articulate, opaque. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 508, t. 5,/. 6. DEMATIEI. 673 On dead wood. July. LancasMre. Patches tMii, effused, finely velvety ; threads short, linear, slender, ob- scurely articulated, even when most transparent ; spores of a deep rich brown, varying greatly in size and length, but always more or less turbinate; attenuated greatly below, obtuse above, with a sudden more or less truncate apiculus, which often seems as if a joint had separated from it. Distin- guished from all the other species by the peculiar shape and character of the spores. —^. d; Br. 1717. Helminthosporium oTjovatnm. Berk. " Obovate Helminthosporiuni." Flocci subulate, multi-articulate, nearly equal; spores obovate, brown, biseptate. — Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 232, 1. 13,/. 19. On old planks exposed to wet. Forming a short dense velvety-black stratum, flocci very slightly attenu- ated, subulate, either nearly straight, or slightly flexuous ; spores broadly obovate, with two dissepiments, which divide them into three very unequal articulations. — M. J. B. 1718. Helxuinthosporiuzn delicatuluxn. Berk. ''Delicate Helminthosporium." Very delicate, flocci subulate, multi-articulate ; spores oblong, obtuse, 4-5 septate, pellucid ; with an occasional vertical septum. —Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 233, t. 13,/. 20. On stems of Umhellifers. King's Cliffe. Forming very delicate soft patches of scattered filaments, presenting to the naked eye a cloudy black spot; flocci very slender, subulate, multi- articulate, brown, paler at the tips ; spores nearly colourless, oblong, with the apices very obtuse, consisting of about five swollen articulations, one or two of which have occasionally a vertical dissepiment. — M.J B. 1719. Helminthosporium sticticum. B. Sj- Br. " Grass Helminthosporium." Spots gregarious, punctiform, black ; spores oblong-clavate, Tiniseptate. — ^. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 758, 1. 16, f. 10. On decaying leaves of grass. Batkeaston. Disposed in minute specks, jet black, threads fasciculate, nodose or irre- gular ; spores .0016 in. long, oblong, swollen above, uniseptate. The puncti- form spots, black not olivaceous hue, and uniseptate spores are the charac- teristics of this species. — B. d' Br. 1720. Helminthosporium clavariarum. Besm. " Parasitic Helminthosporium." Flocci densely aggregated, simple, very short, straight, obtuse, septate, black; spores large, oblong, 1-2 septate, pellucid or 574 DEMATIEI. opaque. — Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat.\\.t.2,f.2. Berh. Ann. N.H.no. 123. On Clavaria rugosa. King's Cliffe. 1721. Helminthosporium oosporuxn. Corda. " Eggspored Helminthosporium." Flocci scattered, simple, black-brown, semi-pellucid ; spores oblong-oyate, tetradymous, yellowish brown, pellucid. — Corda, 1,/. 200. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 944. Kl. exs. no. 1789. On sticks. Feb. East Bergholt. {Fig. 246j magnified.) 1722. Helminthospozium apiculatum. 6'(9r^a. '' Apiculate Helminthosporium." Tufts effused, tomentose, very black, flocci fasciculate, flexu- ous, quite simple, brown, pellucid , spores ellipti co-fusiform, polyseptate, of tbe same colour, apical joint apiculate. — Corda. i./. 191. B.^Br.Ann.N.H.no.^4.i). On dead wood. Twycross. 1723. Helminthosporiuzn. apicale. B.SfBr. " Tip-spore d Helmintliosporium.' ' Flocci simple, even, attenuated upwards ; spores apical, elliptic, 3 septate, hyaline at each extremity. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no, 947,^.16,/. 15. On rotten sticks. April. Langley, Wilts. Threads simple, even, attenuated upwards, articulated, the ultimate joint having two or three little inequalities, to each of which is attached an ellip- tic spore .0007 in. long, triseptate, dark in the centre, and hyaline at either extremity — B. . 370. Corda. iii. t. i. /. 20. Pers. Disp. t. 4:,f. 2. Fckl. exs. no. 109. On asparagus stems, (A. Jerdon.) 1747. Cladosporium dendriticum. Wallr. "Dendritic Cladosporium." Flocci very short, simple, disposed in minute punctiform fas- cicles, which become confluent in dendritic spots ; spores fusi- form, simple, sometimes clavate. — Wallr. Fl. Germ.n. p. 169. Ann. N.H. no. 512. Fckl. exs. no. 115, C.pyrorum, Berk. Gard. Chron. 1848. p. 398. Helminthosporium pyrorum, Lib. exs. no. 188. Desm. exs. no. 1051. Actinonema cratcegi, Gard. Chron. (ISob), p. 725. Bei^k. exs. no. 42. On pear leaves. Autumn. var. /3. orbiculatum. Spores pyriform, shorter. — Berk. Gard. Chron. 1848, j:*. 716. C. orbiculatum, Desm. exs. no. 1843. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. tzo. 513. On leaves of Cratcegus pyracantha. Chiswick. 584 DEMATIEI. 1748. Cladosporiuxn bacilligeruxn. Mont. "Anomalous Cladosporium." Flocci slender, simple or branched, flexnous, clustered in small sooty tufts ; apex incrassated, obtuse, olivaceous, septate ; spores simple, stipitate, separating with an articulation. — Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat. vi. p. 31, t. 12, f. 5. Cooke exs. no. 290. Passalora hacilUgera, Fr. S. V.S. p. 500. Fi^es. Beitr. t. xi./. 55-58. Fchl. exs. 710.1518. On fading leaves of Alnus glutinosa. The spores resemble in form those of some species of Pvxcmia, since, in separating from the flocci, they carry with them the last articulation, so that they appear to be long uniseptate spores. It is a very distinct and curious species. 1749. Cladosporium depressum. B.Sj'Br. "Depressed Cladosporium." Maculasform, depressed ; spores elongated, uniseptate ; flocci very short, equal. — Ann. N.H. no. 514, t. 5,/, 8. On leaves of Angelica sylvestris. Spots minute, scattered, olive-green, depressed; flocci short, straight, or flexuous, sometimes quite even, sometimes waved or nodulose ; spores much elongated, as long as the threads, terminal, uniseptate. Sometimes they are constricted and the articulations much swollen. They often germinate in situ, giving out a delicate waved thread from the centre of the articula- tions.—^. <^ Br. 1750. Cladospoxiuxn brachormiuxn. B. S^ Br. "Concatenate Cladosporium." Effused, grey ; flocci erect, flexuous, nodulose above ; spores oblong, shortly concatenate, terminal. — B. ^* Br. Ann. N.H. no. 515. On leaves of Fumaria officinalis. King's Cliffe. Gray, forming a thin stratum ; flocci erect, flexuous, somewhat nodulose, terminated by one or more short rows of elliptic-oblong spores. It ap- proaches the genus Deiidryphiv/ni. 1751. Cladosporium lignicolum. Corda. "Wood Clados- porium." Tufts effused, tomentose, black; flocci short, sub-simple, brown ; spores minute, of the same colour, multiseptate. — Corda. i.<. 3,/. 206. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no 516. El. exs. no. 1271. On dead wood. Apethorpe. "The spores in this species are very opaque. It is just the plant of Corda, but a doubtful Cladosj^oriwm." — M.J.B. DEMATIEI. 585 1752. Cladosporium nodulosuxn. Corda. "Nodulose Cladosporium." Tufts oblong, narrow, olive-brown, then blackish; flocci c^spi- tose, long, flexuous, pale brown, curved at the apex, simple, with very short lateral projections, or nodular spurious branchlets ; spores large, oblong, or cuneate, simple or uniseptate. — Corda. i.t.4:,f.212. B. 4' Br. Ann. JSr.H. no. 617. Kl.exs.ii.no 765. On dead herbaceous stems. Feb. Wraxall, Som. Eemarkable for the alternate projections on which the spores are seated. Gen. 222. ARTHRINIUM, Kunze. Flocci erect, septate, dark, and slightly ft . thickened at the septa; spores straight, . / A swollen in the middle, and pointed at I T either extremity (fusiform). — Berh. Outl. p. 346. {Fig. 257.) H^ Fig. 257. 1753. Arthrinium sporophl2euni. Kze. " Sedge Arthrinium." Flocci slender, rather short ; spores oblong, acute, minute, very copious. — Fres. t. 3,/. 49-52. Kunze. M.H. ii.p. 104. B. Sf Br. Ann. N.H. no. 519. Fckl. exs. no. 128. A.jniccimoides, Berk. exs.no. 311. Desm, exs.no. 602. {Fig. 257.) On Carices. Gen. 223. GONATOSPORIUM, Corda. Flocci erect, septate, thickened at the septa ; spores irregularly biconical, and in consequence somewhat angular, at- tached in whorls. — Berk. Outl. p. 346. {Fig. 258.) 1754. Gonatosporiuxn puccinioides. Corda. '•' Sedge Gonatosporium." Tufts round, black, shining, minute, gregarious ; flocci erect, subulate, sep- tate, swollen at the septa, diaphanous. Fig. 258. simple, very rarely branched; spores 586 DEMATIEI. brown, yellow when young, polymorphous, angular. — Fchl. exs. no. 126. Corda. iii. t.l,f. 18. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 236-519. Torula Eriophori. Eng.Fl. y.j). 359. On various Carices. Wilts. Somerset. {Fig. 258.) Gen. 224. CAMFTOUM, Link. Flocci erect, septate, thickened at the apex and black ; spores curved, dark, fixed in clusters at the apices. — Bei^k. Outl.p. 347. {Fig. 259.) 1755. Lk. Fig. 259. Caxnptoum curvatuxn. "Curved Camptoum." Tufts minute, very black; flocci dwarf, erect, with black and white bands ; spores large, brown, polymorphous, curved. — Linh. Sp.i. 2->. 44. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 518. Berk.exs.no. ^10. Kl. exs. no. 4:61.. Corda. Anl. t. B.f. 12, no. 6. FcJd. exs. no. 127. On Scirpus sylvaticus. Spye Park, Wilts. {Fig. 259.) Gen. 225. SFORODUM, Corda. Flocci erect, septate ; threads of inarticulate spores moniliform, seated towards their base. — Berk. Outl. p. 347. {Fig. 260.) 1756. Sporodum conopleoides. Corda. " Grass Sporodum." Tufts minute, hemisj^herical, black ; flocci quite simple, septate, rather ^" ' obtuse, dark-brown ; spores at first yellow, then brown, globose nucleus darker. — Corda. i. t. 247, iii. t. i.f. 22. Corda. Anl t. B. f. 14, no. 1.2. Kl. exs. no, 774. B. ^ Br. Ann. N>H. no. 543. Dematium hispidulum. Ann. N.H. Yii.no. 234. Fr. S.M. m.p. 366. Lih. exs. no. 284. Fckl. exs. no. 104. On dead grasses. Common. From tlae middle of tlie flocci spring one or two obovate joints, which sup- port two or three rows of sporidlaj of which those at the apices are the largest.— J/. /. B. {Fig. 260.) MTJCEDrN'ES. 587 Order XXI, MUCEDIXES. Threads never coated "witli a distinct membrane, mostly wliite or coloured, more rarely dingy. — Berk. Outl.p. 347. Flocci forming a common stem. Spores moniliform, in cylindrical heads Flocci free, mostly simple. With a globose head. Spores in moniliform threads Spores singly, on spicules Clavate above. Spores in moniliform threads Spores singly on spicules Not expanded above. Spores moniliform in fascicles Spores moniliform, simple . Spores moniliform, septate . Curled at the tips. Spores globose, conglomerated Joints swollen. Spores obovate, on spicules . Flocci dichotomous. Black, spores scattered Pallid, spores scattered at the tips Flocci with quarternate branches. Spores in spikes Flocci branched, erect. Spores simple. Single and terminal. Threads septate Threads seldom septate In terminal clusters In basal clusters .... Moniliform in tassels . In heads on spicules Elongated, in terminal bundles . Spores septate. Terminal Flocci subulate, branched below. Spores cylindrical .... Flocci branched, tips spiral. Spores globose, granulate . Flocci branched in whorls. Spores terminal, single Spores terminal, in globose masses . Flocci decumbent. Spores solitary, terminal . Spores scattered Spores studding a cellular head . Spores globose, threads cut half through Flocci evanescent. Spores straight, fusiform . . Sfi/sayms. . Aspei'gillus. . Hhopalomyces. . Neviatogomim. . Pddnotrichum. . Mo/iilia. Oidiurii. Cyliiidrium. . Bolacotricha. . Gonatohotrys. Virgaria. . Haplarm. ClonostacTiys, Botrytis. Peroitospora. Polyactis. Myxotrichum. Penicillium. Botryosporium, Menispora. Dadylium. Ch(Zto-pkis. AcrospeirO' Verticillium. Gonytrichum. Acremonium. Sporotriclaim. Papulaspora. Zygodesmii.s. Fusidiuni. 588 MUCEDINES. Gen. 226. ASPERGILLUS, Mich. Threads erect, articulate, crowned with a globose head, producing necklaces of spores. Berlc.Outl.p. 2>il . {Fig. 2G1.) 1757. Aspergillus glaucus. Zk. "Blue Mould." Sterile flocci effused, white ; fertile threads simple, their apices capitate ; sporidia rather loosely packed, at length glaucous. — Berk. Fig. 261. exs.no. 208. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 339. Mucor.glau- cus. Sow. t. 378,/. 9. Corda. St. t. 7. Mucor. aspergillus. Bull. t. 504,/ 10. On various decaying substances, as lard, bread, cheese, &c. Very common. Variable in colour. [United States.] " Flocci indistinctly articulate when fresh ; head covered with a sub- pellucid grumous substance, on which are seated the globose sporidia ar- ranged in radiating moniliform threads." — M. J, B. {F^g- 261.) 1758. Aspergillus dubius. Corda, " Doubtful Aspergillus." Tufts minute, white ; stem simple, straight, pellucid; capi- tulum globose, white, covered with linear, clavate sporophores, which bear the chains of obovate, unequal, colourless spores. — Corda. ii. t. 4,/. 77. B. ^\ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 520. On rabbit's dung. Nov. King's Cliffe. In this very curious species the head is covered with linear processes, each of which is surmounted by four sterigmata, on which are developed the chains of spores. — M. J. B. 1759. Aspergillus candidus. Lh. " White Aspergillus." Sterile flocci effused, white ; fertile threads simple, thickened at their apices ; sporidia compact, white. — Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 339. Chev. t iv./. 17. Fr. S.M. in. p. 385. On various decaying substances. Common. Smaller than Aspergillus glaucusy with a stiffer habit and raore compact sporidia. 1760. Aspergillus roseus. Lk. " Pink Aspergillus." Mycelium thin ; fertile flocci simple ; sporidia globose, rose- red. — Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 340. Batsch.f. 58. MTJCEDIXES. 589 On damp paper, lint, carpet, &c. [Mid. Carolina.] "Flocci not septate; sporidia globose, minute, arranged in moniliform rows."— J/./. ^. 1761. Aspergillus mollis. Bej'k. "White-branched Aspergillus." Fertile flocci white, erect, dicliotoinously branched ; apices clavate ; sporidia large, subglobose. — Berh. Eng. Fl. v. p. 340. On dead leaves. Winter. *' Forming minute, scattered, pure white fascicles, with a thin procumbent mycehum." — M. J, B. 1762. Aspergillus vixens. Lh. " Green-branched Aspergillus," Tufts rather dense ; flocci entangled, sub-erect, heads as well as the branched flocci greenish. — Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 340. Fr. /S'.il/. iii-i?. 388. Grev.Fl.ed.p.Aei. On decaying Agarics. Gen. 227. NEMATOGONUM, Desm. Threads clavate at the apices, and bearing necklaces of spores on distinct scattered spicules. — BerJc. Out!, p. 348. {Fig. 262.) 1763. Nematogonuxn auxantiacuxn. Desm. '' Orange Nematogonum." Mycelium delicate, effused ; flocci ferruginous-orange ; spores of the same colour, oval. — Desm. Ann. Sc. iV^a^.(1834), ii. t. 2, /. 1. Berk. Outl. p. 348. Aspergillus aurantiacus. Ann. N.H. no. 237, t. 13, f. 22. Berk, exs.no. 272. {Fig. 262.) [Low. Carolina.] Fig. 262. On elm bark. Apethorpe. When in perfection the threads are simple, and the spores attached in moni- liform rows to a larger one at their base. It has, however, a great tendency to become proliferous, especially when it has been beaten down by the weather.— J/. /. B. 590 MUCEDINES. 1764. Nematogonum aureum. Berk. "Golden Nemato- gonum." Fertile flocci erect, short, simple, clavate ; sporiclia large, thinly scattered, elliptic, golden yellow. — Aspei^gillus aureus. Berk. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 340. On bark. " Flocci short, consisting of about four articulations, clavate above, and covered thinly with large, subelliptic, yellow sporidia." — M.J.B. Gen. 228. RHINOTRICHUIVI, Corda. Threads erect, articulate, clavate above, and bearing spores attached to spicules. — Berk, Outl. p. 348. (i^z^.263.) 1765. Rhinotxichum Bloxaxni. B. & Br. " Bloxam's Rhinotrichum." Scattered, white ; fertile flocci clavate above ; spores white, sub- elliptic. — Ann. N.H. no. 541, t. 7, /.19. On dead wood. Twycross. [S. Carolina.] Patches irregularly effused, seldom continuous, white or cream-coloured ; mycelium decumbent, white, septate ; fertile flocci erect, sometimes very sparingly divided ; tips clavate, bearing scattered spicules, surmounted by subelliptic or slightly obovate spores, which are sometimes obtuse, some- times apiculate ; sometimes the ultimate articulations are moniliform, very rarely the penultimate joint has one or two spicules.^5, (bBr. Fig. 263. 1766. Rhinotrichum Thwaitesii. Rhinotrichum." B. cC' Br. " Thwaites' Epigeeous, yellow, effused ; hyphasma woven ; fertile flocci ascending, dichotomous, apices slightly thickened. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 542, t. 6,f. 12. On the bare soil. Aug. Bristol. Patches suborbicular or confluent, thelephoroid, yellow, with a pale mar- gin ; hyphasma consisting of closely packed, decumbent, articulate threads, the ends of which rise up and are branched dichotomously, their apices swelling slightly, and clothed with globose, echinulate, shortly pedicellate spores. — B. d; Br. 1767. Rhinotrichum opuntia. B.^^Br. "Cactus Ehinotrichum." Flocci furcate, here and there swollen, ultimate ramuli clavate, with transverse rows of spores. — Ann. N.H. wo. 761, ^. 16,/. 13. MXJCEDINES. 591 Near Woolwich. White ; flocci rather thick, simple below, two or three times forked, slight, swollen here and there j ultimate divisions clavate, beset with transverse rows of globose spores. — B. . «^ m It may be doubted whether there are any Fig. 2/7. genuine species of this genus, whose char- acters are very uncertain. They are mostly conidiiferous states of other plants. — M.J.B. ■a?: 610 MUCEDINES. 1832. Sporotrichum chlorinum. Lk. "Yellow-green Sporotrichum." Erect, intricate ; flocci dense, very soft, simple and branched; spores heaped together, globose, yellow-green. — Link. Sp.i.p. 17. Fr. S.M. m.p. 421. Eng. Fl. v. p. 346. On dry leaves. Glasgow. 1833. Sporotrichum aurantiacum. Grev. " Orange Sporotrichum." Tufts of a reddish orange, filaments very slender, much en- tangled; spores globose, extremely minute. — Grev. Wern. Trans. iv. t. 5,/. 4. Fng. FL Y.p. 347. On dung, &c. ** Tufted^ of a beautiful orange colour, wMcli acquires a reddish tinge with age. Tufts generally about a line in breadth, but sometimes almost con- fluent. Threads very fine and much entangled." — Oreo, 1834. Sporotrichum sulphureum. Grev. " Sulphury Sporo • trichum." Flocci forming minute tufts, at length evanescent; spores minute, globose, heaped together, sulphur-yellow. — Grev. 1. 108, /. 2. Wern. Trans, iv./. 3. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 347. Fr. S.M. iii.p. 423. Berk. exs. wo. 211. In cellars, on corks, &c. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] "Tufted, roundish, of a pleasant yellow-colour, varying in shade accord- ing to age. Tufts \-2 lines in breath. Threads remotely jointed, loosely interwoven, and occasionally branched." —Grev. (Fig. 277 •) 1835. Sporotrichum laxum.. Link. " Lax Sporotrichum." Very delicate, lax ; flocci few, white, as well as the oval spores. — Link. Sp.l,p.l. Nees.f.4:6. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 84:7. S. minutum. Grev. 1. 108,/. 1. Wern. Trans, iv./. i. On various substances. Common. Easily recognised by its oval spores. " Small, very white, tufted, sometimes crowded together. Tufts about \ line in diameter. Threads under the microscope loosely interwoven, seldom and irregularly branched, and somewhat attenuated." — Grero. 1836. Sporotrichum inosculans. Berk. " Dark Sporo- trichum." Effuse, dark umber-brown, forming a velvety crust ; fl.occi erect, virgate ; spores minute, elliptic. — Eng. Fl. Y.p. 346. On Thelephora. Appin. MTCEDIXES. 611 Sporotrichum geochrooi. Eng. FLt. p. S4,Q, is the codI- diiferous condition of some Hr/poxylon. — M.J.B. 1837. Spoxotxichum fenestrale. Bitm, "Window-glass Sporotrichum." Tufted, very minute; flocci much branched, centrifugal, decum- bent, septate, whitish; spores globose, dingy. — Ditm.Sturm.ui.t.l. On glass. Common. Gen. 243. ZTGODESMUS, Corda. Flocci short, erect, springing from the creep- ing sterile threads ; joints ^ here and there cut half \S..,}\~~Z^^^^^^^:^^^^ ^^7 through. — Berk. Outl. ^^^:=^^-^^^=^==^^^ ^^^=nr:^ ^_ 352. (Fig. 278.) Fig. 2/8. 1838. Zygodeszuus fuscus. Corda. " Brown Zygodesmus." Crustaceous, effused, velvety, brown ; flocci branched, septate, clear brown, sporidiferous, ramuli erect, short ; spores globose, aculeate, yellow-brown. — Corda. i\.f. 81. Curr. Micr. Journ.y. J9, 127,^viii./. 41. ' On decayed wood and fallen branches. [United States.] Easily recognised by tlie reddish -brown color of the filaments, and by the echinulate spores. — Curr. Gen. 244. VIRGAIIZA, Nees. Flocci erect, dichotomous, virgate, black, septate ; spores minute, scattered over the branches. — Berk. Outl. p. 852. [Fig. 279.) 1839. Vixgaxia nigxa. Fr. " Black Virgaria." Flocci erect, dichotomously virgate, black, attenuated at their apices ; spores globose, of the same colour. — Nees. f. 52. Sporo- trichum nigrum, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 346. Botrytis nigra, Grev. t. 274. On dead trunks, &c. {Fig. 279.) Fig. 279. 612 Gen. 245. MUCEDINES. BOLACOTRICHA, B. & Br. Fig. 280. Flocci unbranclied, jointed, curled at the top ; spores large, glo- bose, shortly pedicellate, conglomerated towards their base. — Berk. Outl. p. 353. Ann. N.H. no. 506. {Fig. 280.) 1840. Bolacotricha grisea. B.^^Br. " Grey Balocotricha." Effused, grey ; flocci thicker below, flexuous, tips curved, irregularly articulated ; spores conglomerate, globose. — Ann. N.H. no. 506, t. 5,/. 4. On dead cabbage stalks, &c. Tufts resembling strongly those of Myxotrichum chartarum, but rather larger, forming large effused, grey patches ; threads thicker at the base, flexuous, pale purple under the microscope, strongly curved at the tips like little tendrils, sparingly articulate at irregular distances, or perfectly con- tinuous ; spores conglomerate, large, 5-8 times as broad as the threads, globose; episporium thinj endochrome strongly granulated. {Fig. 280.) Gen. 246. MYXOTRICHUM, Kunze. Flocci branched, bearing towards their base little con- glomerated masses of spores. — Berk. Outl. p. 353. {Fig.2Sl.) 1841. Fig. 281. Myzotxichum chartarum. trichum." Xze. " Paper Myxo- Foi-ming little patches, dark grey, globose ; flocci caespitose, decumbent, divaricately branched, erect, emergent, uncinate at the apex ; spores in clusters at the tips of the branches, sub- globose, at first concatenate. — KunzeM.H.n.p. 110, t. 2,f. 1. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 121. Berk.exs.no. 207. Corda.Yi.f. 23. Sturm, vi. t. 40. On straw, &c. {Fig. 281.) MTJCEDIXES. 61B 1842. Myxotrichum deflexuzn. Berh. " Deflexed Myxo- trichum." Forming little patches, consisting of grey downy balls ; flocci radiating, branched ; branches opposite, deflexed, attenuated up- wards ; branchlets few, short, acute ; spores basal, in patches, oblong-elliptic. — Ann. N.H. no. 122, t. 8,/. 9. On damp paper and wood. Forming little patches, consisting of little grey downy balls j from these arise a number of radiating threads, furnished with a few opposite deflexed branches, which decrease in size from the base upwards, so as to give the appearance of a little grove of larches. The branches have occasionally a few short acute branchlets, which are often alternate; spores collected in patches about the base of the threads, oblong-elliptic. Distinguished from M. chadarum by the absence of the curved apices of the flocci, by the rec- tangular and deflexed branches, and by the main threads being generally simple, or if branched not trifid or subcymose. Gen. 247. GONYTRZCHUM, Nees. Flocci branched, here and there A\ 'I V~:>^^^''"^'\' W/ bearing knots, from which spring fl ^'T^x^' v^i^n ^^ verticillate, fertile, septate threads, crowned at their tips with a globose mass of spores. — Berk, Outl.p.36S. (Fig. 282.) Fig. 282. 1843. Gonytiichum caesium. JVees. " Grey Gonytriclium." Flocci tufted, intricate, bluish-grey, nodose at the joints, from which spring the branches and branchlets ; spores conglo- bated, globose, pellucid. — Nees. Nov. A.N.C. ix. p. 244, /. 14. Corda.ii.f. 61. Myxotrichum caesium. Fr. S.M. iii. p. ^■id>. Eng. Fl.Y.p.S36. On fallen branches. Apethorpe, &c. Forming dense greyish tufts, at length black, consisting of very much branched fibres ; branches patent, nodose at their origin, and there fur- nished with numerous globose spores. — M. J. B. 1844. Gonytiichum fuscum. Carda. " Brown Gonytrichum." Tufts pulvinate, brown ; flocci fragile, blackish-brown, opaque ; branches subulate ; spores scattered, white, globose. — Corda. i. /. 160. CooJce exs. no, 348. B. ^ Br. Ann, N.H. no. 1054. On rotten sticks. Aug. (Fig. 282.; 614 Gen. 248. MTJCEDINES. MENISPORA, Pers. Flocci erect, jointed; spores hetero- geneous, acrogenous, fusiform, or cylin- drical, simj)le, at first joined together in bundles, then irregularly scattered over the flocci. — Berk. Outl. p. 353. {Fig. 283.) 1845. Corda, IVEenispoxa lucida. " ShiniDg Menispora."' Tufts minute, brown ; flocci erect, lax, unequally septate or nodulose, brown below, semi-pellucid, white above; spores Fig. 283. fusiform, somewhat curved, obtuse, white.— CorJa. i. t. 4,/. 223. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 530. On decayed wood. Jan. Lambley, Notts. {Fig. 283.)* 1846. mienispora ciliata. Corda. "Fringed Menispora." Tufts somewhat effused, olivaceous, tomentose ; flocci erect, dichotomous, lax, irregularly septate, sometimes incurved, olive- brown, pellucid ; spores fusiform, colourless, furnished at each extremity vdth a long slender cilium. — Corda. i. /. 222. Rahh. F.E. no. S81. On sticks. Dec. Jan. Batheaston. Gen. 249. Fig. 284. ch.s:tofsis, Grev. Flocci erect, jointed, subulate, be- low branched and verticillate, above simple and flagelliform ; spores cylin- drical, springing from the tips of the branchlets. — Berk. Outl. p. 353. {Fig. 284.) 1847. Chaetopsis Wauchii. Grev. " Wauch's ChBetopsis." Flocci aggregate, brown-black, quite simple, above; spores oblong- cylindrical, grey; conglomerated just above the base upon very short MTJCEDINES. 615 branchlets. — Grev. ^ 236. Corda.i.f. 242. Dematium griseum. Pers. M.E. i.p. 15. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 337. Fr. S.M. iii.;?. 364. On decayed wood. Easily recognised by the greyish cylindrical masses of spores, just above the base of the threads ; spores sometimes six times as long as broad, and very slightly, but decidedly curved with a round, pellucid globule in the centre; branchlets very obscure, if not altogether wanting; several flocci frequently pass through the same heap of spores. {Fir/. 284.) Gen. 250. ACREMONZUM, Link. Fig. 285. Flocci creeping, jointed, be- set with short patent branches, each of which bears a spore. — Berk. Outl.j)' 353. {Fig. 285.) 1848. Aczexnonium vexticillatuzn. Lh "Verticillate Acremonium." White ; fertile branchlets whorled ; spores ovate. — Link. Sp. i.p.44. Grev.t.l24:J.2. Fr. S.M.m.p. 4.26. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 34:7. On dead wood and trunks. Spring. Edinburgh. {Fig. 285, b. magnified.) 1849. Acxexnoniuxn alternatuxn. Lk. " Alternate Acremonium." White ; fertile branchlets alternate ; spores globose. — Link. Sp.i.p.74:. Sturm, t. 2. Eng. Fl.v. p. 34:7 . Fr.jS.M.m.p.4c26. On decaying leaves. Autumn. Stibbington, Hunts. {Fig. 285, a. magnified.) 1850. Acrexnonium fuscuxn. Schm. " Brown Acremonium. ' Olive-brown, fertile branchlets opposite or alternate ; spores globose. — Schmidt. M.H./i. t.2,f.23. Grev. t. 124:^ f.l. Eng. Fl. V. p. 347. On dead wood and sticks. Autumn. Near Edinburgh. 616 Gen. 251. MUCEDINES. GONATOBOTRYS, Corda. Fig. 286. Flocci erect, jointed ; articulations swollen in the middle, and bearing obovate spores on little spicules. — Berk. Outl.p. 364: . {Fig. 286.) 1851. Gonatobotrys simplex. " Simple Gonatobotrys." Corda. White ; tufts lax, minute, arachnoid ; flocci simple, long, straight, erect, then nodding ; heaps of spores globose ; spores ovate, apicu- late at the base. — Corda. Muced. t. 5. Berk. Outl.p. 354. ^ On fruit of Tamus, &c. {Fig. 286.) Gen. 252. CLONOSTACHYS, Corda. V Flocci jointed above; branches and branchlets quaternate, subcapitate, clothed with spores, forming distinct spikes. — Berk. Outl. p. 354. (Fig. 287. j 1852. Clonostachys axaucaria. Corda. " Compact Clonostachys." White, arachnoid ; branches fastigiate ; spil^es cylindrical; spores oblong, obtuse, white. — Corda. Muced. t. 15. Curr. Micr. Jaurn. v. p. 126. Stachylidium araucarium, Bon. Handb. t. vii./. 155. On bark of small twigs. Remarkable for the peculiar arrangement of the spores, which form long dense spikes like ears of com. ^Curr. {Fig. 287.) MUCEDIXES. 617 Gen, 253, Fig, 288. BOTRYOSPORIUBI, Corda. Flocci slightly branched, bearing patent branchlets, each of which is surmounted by a few spicules, bearing a head of spores. — Berh. Out!. p. 354. [Fig. 288.) 1853. Botryosporium pulchrum. Corda. " Beautiful Botryosporium." Tufts broadly expanded, lax, white, fari- nose ; flocci simple or dichotomous, lax ; racemes very long, subcylindrical ; heads of spores globose, quinate ; spores ovate, colourless. — Corda, Muced. t. 19. Curr. Micr. Journ. Y.p. 117. Cooke exs. no. 353. On herbaceous plants. Oct. Forms large white mealy patches. The flocci are very delicate, forming a ■woolly looking inass, and the spores are arranged in four or five compact globular masses at the extremities of short ramuli, which are alternate upon the main threads. — Curr. {Flj. 283.) 1854. Botryospori-um difiFusum. Corda. " Diffuse Botryo- sporium." Fertile flocci branched, white ; fertile branchlets scattered, bearing quaternate spores ; spores at length collected at their apices in globular masses. — Corda. Sturm, t. 5. Stachylidium diffusum, Fr. S.M. iii . p. 392. Eng. Fl. v. p. 341. Botrytis diffusa, Grev,t.l2Q,f.2. Wem. Tr.p.72,f.7. On decayed herbaceous plants, especially potatoes. Forming loose tufts, 3-4 lines high ; branchlets at first bearing quaternate spores ; they are usually crowned with globular masses of globose, or some- times eUiptic spores. — SL.J.B. Gen. 254. nv; v^^M i^^^' ^^t o ^, Fig. 289. PAFVLASFORA, Preuss. Flocci decumbent, jointed, pro- ducing short erect branches, each of which produces a cellular head studded with erect spores, the endochrome of which is bi- partite or quadripartite. — Berh. Outl.p.364:. (Fig. 289.) 2d 618 MUCEDINES. 1855. Papulaspora sepedonioides. Preiiss. " Red-beaded Papulaspora." Hypliasma effused, creeping, branched, septate, pellucid, woolly, interwoven ; ramuli pedicelliform, ascending, septate, terminating in a globose red cellular body, studded with oblong spores. — Sturm, vi. t. 45. Ann. N.H. no. 761*. On rice paste. Aug. King's Cliffe. This beautiful mould consists of decumbent, articulate, colourless tbreads, wliicli produce short, erect branches, each surmounted by a large red cel- lular body about *()018 in. in diameter. The heads studded with oblong erect spores '0004-'0006 in. long, with their endochrome bipartite. If these are triily spores, each individual head presents nearly the structure of an Ejncoc- cum.-B.d:Br. (Fig. 289.; Gen. 255. RHOFALOMYCES, Corda. Flocci free, septate, swelling at the tip into an areolate head, each cell of which bears a spicule, surmounted by a spore. — Berk, Outl.p. 854. 1856. Rhopaloxnyces pallidus. B. 4' Br. " Pallid Ebopalomyees." Pale fawn colour ; fertile flocci fur- cate, flexuous ; spores minute, elliptic. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 504, t. 5,/. 2. On decayed Russian matting. Feb. King's Cliffe. Creeping widely over the matrix, on which it forms a mealy pale fawn- coloured ragged stratum ; hyphasma delicate, consisting of veryfine threads, which produce little branches, swelling out suddenly, and rising at once, or creeping along and giving off fertile flocci. These are rather thick, irregular in outline, once or twice forked ; heads globose, or nearly so, beaiitifully ar.olate, each areola producing in its centre a short delicate spicule, sur- mounted with a minute elliptic spore.— £.<£; -Br. Fig. 290. 1857. Rhopaloxnyces candidus. B. ^ Br. Pibopalomyces.'" "White White ; hyphasma yery sparing ; fertile flocci straight, sim- ple ; heads subglobose ; spores minute, elliptic. — Ann. N.H. no. 505, t. 5,/. 3. On a mixture of dung, earth and hops. Feb. King's Cliffe. Ex'remely minute and delicate, pure white ; hyphasma creeping, but very spi.ring ; fertile flocci erect, even ; heads globose or somewhat obovate, be.utifullv areolate ; spores minute, elliptic Differing from R. pallidus in colour, and the simple straight flocci j the heads are Somewhat larger.- B.d:Br. - (Fig. 2.^^.) SEPEDOXIEI. 619 Order XXII. SEPEDOXIEI. Mvcelium floccose ; fertile flocci obscure, and in consequence the spores rest upon the matrix. C^rl^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ principal element in this order, which approach es Spores large, globose. Seped. fepores fusiform, curved, then septate— Forming a gelatinous mass . bpores septate — Apparently attached to the matrix opores simple — At first covered by persistent flocci onium. Fusisporium. Epochnium. Psiloiiia. Gen. 256. SEFEDONIUM, Link. Spores large, simple and globose, or ap pendiculate. — Berk Outl. ^j. 355. [-P'^'g- 291.) Fig. 291. 1858. Sepedonium chrysosperxnum. Sepedonium." Zk. (I Yellow Flocci fleecy, dense, white ; spores golden yellow, not appen- diculate. — Fr. SJI. iii. p. 438. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 350. Bull. t. 504,/. l,i.476,jC4. Soiv. t.S78,f. 13. Xees.f.38. Grev.t.ldS. Chev. t.3f.l6. Kunze. exs.no. 223. Bi8ch.f.3806. Bon. t. 4, f. 103. Fckl. exs.no. lAl. On decaying fungi. Common. [United States.] Frequently penetrating the whole fungus, and converting it into yellow dust ; spores globose, ecliinulate. Tulasne regards this as the conidioid condition of a S^jhceria (Hyporayces), not yet recorded in Britain (Tul. Co/rp. iii.^j.4y.). ■ {Fig.2U.) 2d 2 620 SEPEDONIEI. 1859. Sepedoniunx roseum. Fr. " Rosy Sepedonium." Flocci fleecy, white ; spores appendiculate, red. — Fr. S.M. iii. pA^S. Eng.Fl.Y, p.^bO. Ann. N.H.no.n2. Tul. Carp.m. p. On decaying fungi. More superficial than *S^. chrysoqyerm.%i.m» Spores larger, globose, with a broad pellucid border, and a thick blunt appendage. Tulasne states that tliis constitutes the conidia of Iliipomyces Linkii, the perfect condition of which has not yet been found in Britain. Gen. 257. FUSZSFORIUIVX, Link. Spores elongated, fusiform, curyed, at length septate, form- ing a gelatinous mass. — Berk. Outl.p.'dbh. {Fig. 2^2.) 1860. Fusisporiuxn bets. Desm. " Beet Fusisporium." Orange, effused in a tremel- lose crust; flocci dense, branched, scarcely septate ; spores very Fig. 292. copious, fusiform, delicate, slightly curved, obscurely septate. — Ann. Sc. Nat. xix. t. 18,/. 2. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 246. Desm. exs. no. 305. Bon. 1. 12,/. 248. FcJd. exs.no. 214. On decaying beet root. Apethorpe. 1861. Fusisporium geozginae. Berk. " Dahlia Fusis- porium." Effused, gelatinous, reddish, roseate, or intense orange, thick; spores fusiform, acute at each extremity, with several oil glo- bules.— Klotsch. exs. no. 186. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 247, F. rhizo- philum. Corda. n.f. 15. On roots of Dahlia. Apethorpe. , Doubtfully distinct from F. letce. — Desm. 1862. Fusisporium uduzti. Berk. " Moist Fusisporium." Broadly effused, tremelloid ; dirty orange ; flocci of the hyphasma decumbent, slightly branched; spores long, curved, 3-5 septate, acute at either end. — Ann. N.H. no. 245, t. 14,/. 28. SEPEDOXIEI. 621 On trees in spring. Forming a broad tremelloid mass, wet with, tlie overflowing sap, composed of slightly branched decumbent filaments, some of which are closely septate, others contain a series of globose nuclei, while others are quite simple ; spores 3-5 septate, elongated, curved, acute at either end, the contents of the articulations orange. In age the septa are absorbed, and there is a row of irregular nuclei. — J/. /. B. 1863. Fusisporium roseoluxn. Steph. "Potato Fusisporium." Rose-red ; flocci short ; spores curred, elongated, 3-6 sep- tate.— Berh, Ann. N.H. no. 549. On decayed potatoes. Bristol. Of a delicate rose-red, forming thin floccose patches ; fertile threads short; spores curved, elongated, slightly obtuse, 3-6 septate, often slightly project- ing at each dissepiment. It approaches Dactylium, but the spores are those of Fusisponurii. — M. J . B. 1864. rusispoxium faeni. B.&Br. " Hay Fusisporium." Hyphasma sparing, fertile flocci very short ; spores oblong, straight, obtuse, 1-2 septate. — Ann. N.H. no. 550. On hay. Dec. Apethorpe. Orange-red, spreading in wide patches many feet in width; hyphasmi creeping, sparingly articulate ; fertile flocci very short ; spores oblong, ob- tuse at either extremity, 1-2 septate. Differing from all other species in the character of the spores. — J/./. B 1865. Fusisporium bacilligerum. B.&Br. " Long-spored Fusisporium." Greyish white; hyphasma obsolete; spores very long, 5-7 septate, attenuated below, apex sub-clavate. — Ann. N.H. no. 548. Rahli. F.E. no. Ill . On leaves of Alaternus. West of England. Occupying the centre of little brown spots; hyphasma obsolete; spores very long, hyaline, 5-7 septate, strongly attenuated below, obtuse, and slightly clavseform above, somewhat curved. — M. J. B. 1866. Fusisporium atrovirens. Berk. "Green-black Fusisporium." Flocci effused, white ; spores at first greyish-green, then green-black, strongly curved, — JEn^. Fl. v. p. 351. On onions. Summer. King's Cliffe. Spores forming about the third of a circle, originating in little dot -like spots, with radiating flocci, crowned with a gelatinous greyish mass ; these at length unite, and the whole of the centre is occupied by the spores, the border still increasing and quite fleecy, if meeting with any impediment ; at length the whole is green-black, and the border obliterated. One cause of the mildew of onions. — M.J. B. 622 SEPEDONIEI. 1867. Fusisporium aurantiacum. Lh. " Orange Fusis- poriuui," Flocci fleecy, white, at length evanescent ; spores congluti- nate, slender, slightly curved. — Link. Sp. i. p. 30. Fr. S.M. iii. p. 445. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 351. Nees.f. 40 B. Desm. exs. no. 664. Unj. Exan. t. 2,/. 13. Bisch.f. 3804. On decayed gourds, &c. [Low. Carolina.] At first clothed with fleecy white, branched flocci, which spread beyond the mass of tue spores, and at length vanish, leaving a tremelloid stratum ; spores septate, septa evanescent. Sometimes commences in little dot-like gelatinoiis masses, which at length become confluent, without any mycelium, M.J.B, 1866. rusisporium incarcerans. Berh. "Enclosed Fusisporium." Pale rose, nestling in the sporangium or peristome of mosses ; spores arcuate, slender, triseptate, — Berk. IntelL Ohs, 1863, p. 11,/. 4. On peristomes or in capsules of Orthotriclium. The characters of this little parasite are not striking, and its specific dis- tinction must rest partly on its peculiar habits,for the spores scarcely diflFer from those of one or two other species, they are about ^{g in. long, but by no means uniform in size. — M. J. B. 1869. Fusispoiiuxn (?) insidiosum. Berk. "Beaded Fusisporium." White, mycelium creeping, producing subglobose tufts of short necklace-like simple or branched threads, each terminal joint of which bears a curved, fusiform, a23iculate, 1-5 septate sjDore. — Gard. Chron. 1860,/>. ^S^,ivith a Jig. On Agrostis pulchella. *' This species has threads very like those of ^genta." Spores ('002 in.) *05 m.m. long. Tufts very minute, scarcely visible without a lens. (Fig. 292, tuft magnified.) 1870. Fusisporitini solani. Mart. " Woolly Fusisporium.*' Rounded, irregular, tomentose, white; flocci branched ; spores fusiform, curved, triseptate. — Mart. Kart. Epid. t. iii. /. 25,30. Feriola tomentosa. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 2Q7. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 226. On potatoes. The flocci are too much developed to be consistent with^the characters of this order. SEPEDOXIEI. 623 EFOCHNZUIVI, Link. Sterile flocci creeping, fertile obsolete ; spores septate, attached apparently to the matrix. — Berh. Outl. p. 356. {Fig. 293.) Fig. 293. 1871. Epochnium macrosporoideuni. Epochniuni." Berk. " Eadiatin'' Flocci very slender, effnsed, irregularly branched ; spores sub- globose or oval, divided by radiating septa. — Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 131. t. 8,/. 14. On dead twigs of Rihes. Aug. King's Cliflfe. Forming' a thin slate-black stratum ; flocci transparent, perfectly colour- less under the microscope, apparently not septate, very slender, effused, ir- regularly branched, often anastomosing at right angles. From the tips or on very short lateral branches spring subglobose or oval colourless tran- sparent vesicles, with a central nucleus ; these by degrees are furnished within with obscure septa, at length they acquire when full grown a brown hue. and are from x^-ry^ in. in diameter. They are then in general more or less globose, divided by septa into a few lobes, which are disposed in a radiating manner, hke the berries of a mulberry. A few are furnished with a little apicular peduncle, but the greater part lose all trace of the point of attachment. — M. J. B. Gen. 259. PSILONIA, Fr. Fig. 294. Flocci persistent, joined into an erumpent mass, at first covering the simple spores. — Berh. Outl. p. 356. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 352. {Fig. 294.) 1872. Psilonia gilva. Ir. " Eeddish-grey Psilonia." Tufts subrotund, compact, reddish-grey, inclining to brown ; flocci intricate, twisted, mostly simple, covering the variously shaped spores. — Fr. S.M. iii-i?. 451. Eng. Fl. v. p. 353. Berk. exs.no. 101. On dead herbaceous stems (" felled oak." — Eng. Fl.) 624 SEPEDONIEI. Masses 1-2 lines broad, snbinnate ; flocci very fine, cnrionsly twisted to- gether, external surface, finely tomentose, from their free apices. Spores fusiform (sometimes globose or oval), collected about the apices of the fila- ments.—3/./. B. 1873. Psilonia arundinis. Besm. ** Keed Psilonia." Tufts oblong, dense, pale rose-coloured; flocci fasciculate, in- tricate, simple ; spores ovoid and oblong. — Fr. S.M. iii. /?. 451. Berk. exs. no. 102. Berk. Ann. N.II. no. 35-551. Desm.exs.no. 460. Ann. Sc. JS^at. 1830, t. 5,/. 1. Chloridium festuccs. Corda. Anl. t, B.f. 12, no. A. On dead leaves and stems of reeds and Carices. Feb, Tufts evidently erumpent, oblong, linear, 1-2 lines long. Psilonia xivea, Fr. is clearly an insect production. 1874. Psilonia discoidea. B.& Br. " Discoid Psilonia." Pale fawn-colour, then brown ; disc proliferous ; spores ob- long, margin discrete, rosy tan-colour. — B, ^ Br, Ann. N.H, 1866,?io. 1150,^.3,/. 8. On rotten rails. Jan. — Feb. Wilts. Whole plant 1-2 lines across, variously shaped, orbicular, elongated, flex- uous, &c. In the early stage the disc is quite covered by the shaggy coat,, which afterwards folds back or cracks, and leaves the stratum of spores naked, precisely as in Myrotheciuni. Spores oblong or, seen laterally, sub- cymbiform, (•OUOuo in.) 'UOQ m.na. long.— ^. . Threads felted, moniliform — Sporangia irregular ...... Antennariei, Threads free. Sporangia terminal or lateral .... Mucoriai. Order XXIII. ANTEXXAPJEI. Threads black, more or less felted, moniliform and equal in the same felt, bearing here and there irregular sporangia. — Berk. Outl.p. 4.0)^. Threads mostly moniliform — Spores concatenate Antennaria. Threads mycelioid, byssoid — Spores simple Zasmidium, 628 ANTENNAEIEI. Gen. 263. ANTENNARIA, Link. Threads felted, black, articulated, often moniliform ; walls of sporangia mostly cellular; spores chained to- gether, immersed in gelatinous pulp. Berh. Outl.p. 406. {Fig. 297.) Fig. 297. 1878 Antennaria sexniovata. B. c6 Br. Antennaria." " Semi-ovate Fertile flocci erect, short, branched ; articulations torulose, even ; pycnidia semi-ovate ; perithecia curved, acuminate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 784, 1. 16,/. 18. 0\\ h'ondiS oi Lastreafilix-mass. Sept. Bath. Clothing the leaves with dense matted felt. Barren threads creeping, often united into an irregular membrane, fertile, erect, generally slightly branched, but sometimes sub-dichotomous. It is difficult to say what is a species in this genus, which appears to present one form of fruit of Ca^nodium. —B. Sf Br. Gen. 264. ZASMIDZUM, Fr. Sporangium thin, carbon- aceous, but brittle, growing on a septate, bjssoid, equal, my- celium. Mouth sub-umbilicate, spores simple. — Berk. Outl. p. 406. {Fic/. 298.) 1879. Zasmidium cellaze. Ir. " Cellar Fungus." Mycelium very thick and abun- Fiff. 298. dant, lax, composed of septate flocci, olive-black ; peridia glo- bose seated upon the threads. — Berk. Outl. p. A07. Racodium cellare, Biscli. f. 3700. FcU. exs. no. 641. Fng. Fl. v. p. 324. Moug. exs. no. 790. Grev. t. 259. Antennaria cellaris, Fr. S.M. m.p. 229. Fihrillaria vinaria. Sow. t. 432, 387,/. 3. Dill. t. 1,/. 12. Nees.f. 70. {Fig. 298.) On corks, bottles, walls, &c., in cellars. Common. MUCOEINI. 629 Order XXIV. MUCORIX^I. Threads free, bearing terminal or lateral sporangia. — BerJc. Outl.pAOl. Sporangia collapsing and dependent .... Sporangia bursting, not dependent .... Sporangia at length indurated — Ejected Isot ejected Sporangia delicate, perforated by the stem — Sporidia globose, mixed with radiatingthreads Sporangia splitting horizontally — Sporidia growing on the columella Sporangia pierced by the threads ; branches verticillate — Sporidia on the tips of the threads Vesicles of separate branches conjugating — Producing a sporangium .... Flocci collected in a spongy globose mass. Hypoggeous — Vesicles globose Ascophora. Mucor. PUoholus. Hydrophora. Endodromia. Sjyorodinia. Acrostalagmus. Syzygites. Endogone. Gen. 265. ASCOPHORA, Tode. Fig. 299. Sporangia collapsing, and at length hanging down over the fructifying apices like a hood. Fruit sometimes of two kinds. Berk Outl.p. 407. {Fig. 299.; 1880. Ascophora znucedo. Tode. " Common Ascophora."' Flocci simple ; sporangia terminal, at first globose, then oval, at length collapsed, sub-campannlate, whitish, then dark ashy- grey. — Fr. S.M. \i\.p. 310. Tode. i. t. 3,/. 22. Corda. Anl. t. c. f. 24:, no. 1-4:. Xees.f. 80. Grev. t.2e9. Fng.Fl.r.jj. 331. Pay./. 370. FcJd. exs. no. 54. Ccera. Act. Belg. ^iii./. 17. Pringsh.Jalirh. \\.t. 30,/. 29. Bisch.f. 3790. On bread, &c. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] (Fig. 299.) 630 MUCORINI. 1881. Ascophora elegans. Corda, " Elegant Ascopliora." Tufts minute, very fugacious, white ; stem erect, rigid, fragile, white, simple above, with intricate dichotomous branches at the base ; sporangia single, terminal, globose, brownish ; sporidia ovoid. — Corda. iii./. 43. Tliamnidium elegans, LJc. Ohs. i. t. 2,/. 45. Nees.f. 75. Flora. 1857, t 6,f. 70. On fowl's dung. Gen. 266. MUCOR, Mich. Fig. 300. Threads free; sporangia at length bursting, but not dependent. — Berk. OutLp.4:07. (Fig. 300.) 1882. Berk. IVIucor phycomyces. " Shining Mucor." Mycelium obsolete, flocci decumbent, olivaceous, shining ; sporidia yellowish. — BerJc. Outl.p.Ai^)! . Phycomyces nitens, Bisch.f. 3792. Fr. S.M.m.p.^^'d. Kunze. M.H. ii. t. 2. /. 9. Ann. N.H. no. 224. Byssus olivaceus, Winch. Fl. North, p. 121. On greasy walls, fat, &c. [Low. Carolina.] 1883. IVIucor raxnosus. Bull. ** Branched Mucor." Laniform ; fertile flocci branched, above racemose ; sporangia globose.— 5wZZ. t. 480,/. 3. Fr. S.M. iii. p. 318. Fers. Obs. i. t. 6,/. 5, 6. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 331. On rotting fungi, &c. Sometimes the sporangia are reddish-brown, more commonly yellow then hluish-grey. The branches are alternate and racemose, divaricate. 1884. BEucor xnucedo. L. *' Common Mucor." Byssoid; fertile flocci simple ; sporangia and sporidia globose, at length blackish. — Linn. Sp. 1655. Bolt. 1. 132, /. 1. Sow. t. 378,/. 6. Fr. S.M. p. 320. Fng. Fl. v. p. 332. Bull. t. 480,/. 2. Mich. t. 95,/. 1. Fres. t. l,f. 1-12. On fruit, paste, preserves, &c. Common. [United States.] MUCOEIXT. 631 1885. Mucor caninus. P. " Dog's dung Mucor." Fertile flocci simple, sporangia at length yellow or ferrugi- nous, globose; sporidia globose or elliptic. — Pers. Syn. p. 201. Pers. Ohs. t. 6,/. 3, 4. Grev. t. 305. Fr. S.M. iii. jj. 320. Desm. exs.no. 4:02. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 332. Bisch. f. 3732. Fckl. exs. no. 52. t On dung of cats and dogs. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Head at first white, tlien bright yellow, then yellow-brown, at length black. Occasionally the colour is not so bright, and in the last stage the heads are scarcely black. Flocci at first erect, soon leaning in every direc- tion.—i/. /. B. {Fig. 300.) Z886. Mucor fusiger. LTi. " Fusiform Mucor." Byssoid ; fertile flocci simple, sporangia globose, hyaline, at length black ; sporidia fusifoiTQ. — Link. Sp. i. p. 93. Fr. S.M. iii. p. 321. Eng. Fl. r.p. 332. FcJd. exs. no. 53. On decaying Agarics. [Low. Carolina.] Flocci septate, filled internally with distinct granules, thinly scattered, divergent, springing from the branched mycelium in such a manner that several of the sterile flocci unite to give off the simple sporidiferous thread j sporidia exactly fusiform. — M. J. B. 1887. Mucor clavatus. Lk. " Clavate Mucor." Byssoid ; fertile flocci simple, penetrating the globose spo- rangia by their clavate apices ; sporidia globose. — Link Sp. i. p. ^2. Fr. S.M. lii. p. 321. Eng. Fl.\.p.332. Bon. 1. 10, f. 202. On fruit, &c. Winter. [Low Carolina.] Sporangia at first white, then brown, at length black ; fertile flocci not septate, indistinctly granular within ; sporidia minute.— J/. J.B. 1888. Mucor amethysteus. Berk,. " Amethyst Mucor." Fertile flocci simple ; sporangia white, then pale yellow, then crystalline, and pure yiolet, at length violet-black or brownish ; sporidia globose, with globose sporidioli, dull violet. — Berk. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 332. On rotting pears. Winter. Apethorpe. Fertile flocci about 5 in, high, four times as thick as in M. clavatu?, filled with distinct granules; sporangia depresso-globose, sometimes collapsing slightly and nodding ; sporidia rather large, containing globose sporidiola, which easily separate; mycelium thick, expanded, pure n'hite, closely inter- woven.— M. J. B. 1889. Wlucor succosus. Berk. " Spongy Mucor." Very minute ; hyphasma spongiose ; sporangia very minute, 632 MTJCOEINI. globose, yellow, then olive ; columella minute. — Berh. Ann. N.ILno.22b.tA2,f.l6. On cut stnmiis of Aucuhajaponica. May. Apethorpe. Forming' small pulvinate orange-ochre spongy masses, which, while there is abundant nutriment, do not fructify, but wlien gathered produce a forest of exceedingly minute globose yellow sporangia, not visible to the naked eye, at length becoming olive ; columella very small, and little more than a slight swelling of the top of the stem. — M. J. B. 1890. Mucor hyalinus. Coohe. *' Hyaline Mucor." CoNiDiA. Sterile flocci effused, fertile somewhat branched ; conidia rose-coloured, oblong, subfusiform. — Penicillium roseum. Link. Fr.S.M.m.pAOd. £, 4' Br. Ann. N.H.no. 636. Sporangia. Hyphasma creeping, profuse ; flocci white, erect, branching ; branches simple, sometimes divided, terminated by a delicate, hyaline, globose sj)orangium, containing minute sub- globose sporidia. — Cooke exs. no. 359. Fojy. Sci. Rev. Jan. 18JB1, t. 68, Jig. 5. '> '-■ ^ ■ ^.t^t A, ^y^ , c , ;? ^ '-J* On leaves of box. Winter. Forming a dense white coating over the leaves, mixed with Penicillium roseum, Link, of which it appears to be the mature condition. Thesporan^a are small and very delicate, so as to be made out with difficulty. In habit very much like the PenicilUum, but without any roseate tint. 1891. Mucor delicatulus. Berk. " Delicate Mucor." Fertile flocci simple, abbreviated, of the same thickness as those of the mycelium ; sporangia globose, pale yellow ; sporidia globose. — Berk. Eng. Fl. r.p. 332. On rotting gourds. Autumn. Apethorpe. So small as to be scarcely perceptible to the naked eye, forming a velvety stratum, saturated with the juice of the matrix; sporangia at first white, then very pale yellow, sometimes apparently springing immediately from the branched, septate mycelium, and decumbent. — M.J.B. 1892. Mucor tenerrimus. Berk. " Slender Mucor." Scattered, minute, wholly white ; stem flexuous above, apex clavate; head with a globose columella. — Berk. Outl. p. 407. Tlydrophora tenerrima, Berk. Hook. Journ. 1841, />. 78, t. i.f. B. On sticks in woods. Scarcely visible to the naked eye ; stem a little flexuous above, ending in a clavate swelling, beyond which is the globose columella, from the base of which is deflected all round over the apex of the stem a delicate frill which at first formed a portion of the pendulum, and by its rupture leaves a large circular aperture at its base. Sporangium quite smooth, of two membranes often separated, sometimes in close contact ; sporidia elliptic, filling the cavity between the columella and the inner membrane.— J/./. ^. MUCOEINI. 633 1893. Mucor subtilissimus. Berh. " Onion Mucor." Mycelium creeping ; fertile flocci brauclied ; branches short, spreading, each tenninated by a minuto sporangium ; vesicles at length vanishing ; spores oblong-elliptic— 5er/j. HoH, Journ. ni.p.mj.l-h. On mildewed onions, developed from Sclerotium cepcBvorum {Ann. JSr.H. no. 168). This mould is so exceedingly minute that it may be considered as the most microscopic of any yet found in Britain. (}en. 267. PZLOBOLUS, Tode. Flocci simple, continuous, when mature ventricose above and clavate, terminated by an indurated, globose sporangium; dehis- cent ; including a globose sporidium. — Fr. S.3I.m.p.312. {Fig. 301.) 1894. Pilobolus crystallinus. Tode. " Cr}-5talline Pilobolus." Apices of the flocci at length clavate, obovate ; sporangium hemispherical. — Fr. S.M.iu.p. 312. Furt.iu.t.31. Pers.Ohs. i. t. 4,/. 9, 10. Built. 480,/. 1. Sow. t. 300. Bolt. t. 133, f. 1. Dicks, t. 3,f. 6. Fckl. exs. no. 49. Corda. Icon. vi./. 32. Bisch.f. 3724. Bon. t. 10,/. 203. Kl. exs. no. 1630. [United States.] "At first appearing, as Fries observes, under the form of a small yellow Sclerotium, which gradually acquires a stem, becomes inflated above, and loses its yellow hue j often densely tufted; very fugacious." — M.J.B. 1895. Pilobolus xoridus. ScJinm. "Dewy Pilobolus." Flocci elongated, filiform, apices globose; sporangium puncti- form. — Fr. S.M. iii.^j. 312. Curr. Linn. Journ. 1856, t. 2. Pluck, phy. t. 116,/. 7. Bisch.f. 3725. Bolt. 1. 132, f. 4. On dung. [S. Carolina, U. S.] Smaller and slenderer than P. crystallinus. (Fig. 301, magnijled.) Fig. 301. On dung. 634 MrCOETNl. Gen. 268. HYDROPHORA, Tode. Threads erect, tubular, sparingly articu- late, equal above, terminated by a vesicle which is at first watery and crystalline, then turbid, and at length indurated, and persistent from the conglomeration of the spores. — Berk. Outl. p. 407. Eng. Fl. v. p. 331. {Fig. 302.J 1896. Tode. Hydrophora stexcoxea. " Dung Hydrophora." Fleecy ; flocci simple, very long, fuga- cious, white, sporangia spherical yellow, at length black. — Fr. S.M. iii, p. 314. Eng. Fl. Y. p. 331. Mucor stercoreus, Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 448. Corda. Icon. vi,/. 31 ? FcJcl. exs. no. 51. On dung. Distinguished by the crystallinej watery, not membranous, and dehiscent sporangium, and the indurated mass of sporidia not falling away in water. Fig. 302. Gen. 269. ENDODROMZA, Berk. Vesicle very delicate, perforated by the stem, filled with delicate, branched, radiating threads and globose spores, with a nucleus endowed with active motion. — Berk. Outl. p. AOS.Hook.Journ. ui.p.ld. {Fig. 303.) Fig. 303. 1897. Endodxomia vitxea. Berk " Glassy Endodromia." Stem straight, slightly attenuated upwards, penetrating the sporangium ; sjDorangium delicate, soon breaking up, filled with globose, colourless sporidia, and radiating, branched threads ; sporidia with a globose nucleus. — Bei^k. Hook. Journ. 1841, iii. t. 1,/. C. On fallen branches, especially ash. Very minute, scarcely to be distinguished without the aid of a high mag- nifying power. Within each sporidium is a single globose nucleus, which moves about with great activity. — M.J .B, {.Fig. 303 ) 3j:ucoeixi. 63; Gen. 270. SPORODINIA, Link. Stem dichotomousl J branched ; vesicles solitary, terminal, at length splitting horizontally ; columella large ; spores simple, growing on the columella. — BerJz. OutLp. 408. (Fig. Sui.J 1898. Sporodinia dichotoma. CWda, " Dichotomous Sporodinia." Tufts ochraceous ; stem simple below, brown above, four times Fig. 304. dichotomous ; branches and ramuli spreading ; sporangia terminal, obovate, diaphanous, circumscissile ; columella hemis- pherical ; sporidia large, globose, colourless, hyaline. — Corda. i. /. 284. {Fig. 304.) On decaying fungi. Gen. 271. ACROSTALAGIVIUS, Corda. Flocci branched ; branches verticillate ; vesicles terminal, pierced by the threads, from the tips of which the spores are produced within the cells. — Berk. Outl.p.4:0S. (Fig. 305.) Fig. 305. 1899. Acrostalagxnus cinnabaxinus. Acrostalagmus." Corda. '• Vermillion CoxiDiA. Verticilliura lateritium. — Botrytis lateritia, Berl\ exs. no. 98. Sporangia. Tufts effused, vermillion, then pulverulent, my- celium branched, septate ; stem straight, rigid, septate, pellucid ; branches 4-5 ternate, ramuli verticillate, quaternate, subulate, spreading, capitate ; sporangia globose ; sporidia oval. — Corda. ii.f. 6G. Willk.p. d2,f. a-e. Kl. exs. no. 127G. Fckl. exs. no. 155. 636 MTJCOEIXI. On decaying plants. A very beautiful and not uncommon species, often of a ruddy pink rather than Vermillion. {Fig. 305, mapiijkd.) Gen. 272, SYZYGITES, Ehrb. Threads branched above ; vesicles of separate branches conjugating and forming a distinct sporangium. — Berk. Outl.p. 408. i^Fig. 306.) 1900. Syzygites megalocax- pus. £hb. " Conjugating Syzygites." Tufts effused, irregular, dingy; olive-brown or glau- cous ; flocci intricate, fili- form, cystomorphous ; branches large, clavate, in- ^ig- 306. flated, at first flesh coloured, then dingy ; sporangia brown, verrucose, shining ; spores ovate, whitish. -^£'/zr. S^l. Ber. p. 21, t. 2. Corda Pracht. t. 24. Bisch. f. 3794. ^^'ees. t. 5. (Fig. 306.; On decaying agarics. Gen. 273. ENDOGONE, Link. Hypogfeous ; flocci collected into a glo- bose, spongy mass ; vesicles globose, soli- tary, or collected in little fascicles at the ends of the branches. — F?\ S.M.u.p.2d6. Tul.Hi/p. p. 181. Berk. Outl.p. 4.08. {Fig. 307.) Fig. 307. 1901. Endogone pisiforxnis. Link. " Pea-shaped Endogone." Irregularly globose, yellowish, dry ; vesicles large, visible to the naked eje.—Link. Obs. t. 2,/. 52. Tul. Hyp. p. 183, t. 20, /. 1. Corda. Ic. vi. t. 9,/. 94. Corda. Anl. t. c.f. 40, no. 4, 5. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. xviii.;;. 81. Berk. Outl. t. 24,/. 7. Gard. Chron. 14 Mar. 1845. MUCOEINI. 637 Amongst moss and in tlie superficial soil ; under beech and larcli, and in oak and hazel woods. In a young state it is hard, when old less compact and grannlated. About the size of a pea. Tulasne seems to regard the British plant aa Endogotie. macrocarjpa. — Tal. 1902. Endogone lactiflua. B.S^^Br. "Milky Endogone." Irregular, globose, depressed, white, then dingy flesh-colour, foetid, replete with a thick isabelline juice ; vesicles distinct to the naked eye. — B.^ Br, Ann. N.H. xviii. ^. 81. BerJc. Outl. p. 409. Tul. Hyp. p. 183. On the ground. Oct. Chudleigh. Globose, at length depressed, half an in. in diameter ; at first white, but soon, especially when rubbed, assuming a reddish tinge, pouring out when cut a rich, pale-red, cream-like fluid ; sporangia as large as those of E. 'pisiforrais. 638 SAPEOLEGNIEI. Order XXV. SAPROLEGNIEI. This order is at present uncertain, some consider- ing it to belong to Algales, others to Fungi ; it is named here proyisionally, without venturing any special claim to a place amongst moulds, though of opinion that the evidence seems to be in its favour. The following works may be consulted with advantage : — Pringsheim, N., Xachtrage zur Morphologie der Saprolegnieen. Jahrbiicher fiir wissenschaftliche Botanik, ii. p. 2S4 (1858) ; t. xix. XX. ii. p. 205, t. xix (1860). Archer, TT.. On Saprolegniacese. Proceedings Dublin Microscopi- cal Club, i. p. 17, 97. Archer, W., On two New Species in Saprolegnieas. Pro- ceedings Dublin Microscopical Club, i. p. 123. Pringsheim, X., Monographic der Achyla prolifera. Nova Acta Nat. Curios., xxii. p. 1, t. 50. Be Bar]/, A., Einige neue Sap- rolegnieen. Pringsheims Jahr- bticher, vol. ii. p. 169 (1860). Unger, Dr., Recherches sur I'Achyla prolifera. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 3rd ser., vol. ii. p. 5 (1844). Thuret, G., Recherches sur les Zoospores des Algues Saproleg- niees. Ann. des Sc.Nat.Srdser., vol. xiv. p. 229 (1850). Tide. J. S., Insect Moulds. Sci. Goss., 1805, p. 133. Griffith d'Henfrey, Micrograph ical Dictionary- " Achyla," p. 8 (1860). Brauii, A., Eejuvenescence in Nature, pp. 188, 268 (1853). Jtobin, C, Histoire des Vege'taux parasites, p. 372 (1853). CienkmcsH, in Botanische Zeitung, xiii. p. 8iJl. Nageli, C, Zeitschrift fiir Wiss. Bot., i. p. 102, iii. p. 28. Fig. 308. SAPEOLEGiJflEI. 639 Fig. 309. The following species are named as Britisli : — ^APROLEGNiA FERAx, Kutz. of "wliicli Sporenclonema musccB, Fries, or Empusa musccB, Cohn. is an imperfect terrestrial con- dition. It is common on flies in autumn. {Figs. 308, 309.) Saprolegxia moxoica. Prings. Archer in Proc. Dubl. Micr. Club, i. p. 17. 640 SAPEOLEGNIEI. Saprolegnia axdrogyna. Archer. Proc. Dubl. Micr. Club, i. p. 98, 126, t. 3, f. 1. ACHYLA PROLIFERA. NeCS. AcHYLA DioicA. FriTigs. AcHYLA coRNUTA. ArcJier. in Proc. Dubl. Micr. Club. i. p. 128, t. 3, f. 2-6. Aphanomyces stellatus. De By. Arcber in Proc. Dubl. Micr. Club. i. p. 17. r/ ^ V' ^> herbar -'-i,^::;-^ ^^\\ ') 641 Family VIL ASCOMYCETES. Fruit consisting of sporidia, mostly definite, contained in asci, springing from a naked, or enclosed stratum of fructifying cells, and forming an hymenium or nucleus. — Berk. Outl.p. 357. The essential character of this important division consists in the develop- ment of definite or indefinite sporidia within certain of the external cells of the hymenium called abci, frequently accompanied by inarticulate or septate, simple or branched, threads, which are abortive asci, known under the name of imro/physes. — Berk Irdr.jj. 27U. Asci often evanescent. Keceptacle clavseform. Asci springing from threads Perithecia free. Asci springing from the base Aflci persistent. Perithecia opening by a distinct ostiolum Hard or coriaceous, hymenium at length exposed Hypogeous ; hymenium complicated .... Fleshy, waxy, or tremelloid ; hymenium mostly exposed Onygenei. Pensporiacei. Sphceriacei. Pha.cidiaxei. To.leracei. Ehellacei. Order XXVI. ONTGENEI. Peridium formed of closely interwoven threads; sporidia at length forming a compact, dusty mass. — Berk. Outl. p. 406. General receptacle clavseform or subglobose ; peridium brittle, filled with branched threads, which produce asci at different points j asci soon absorbed ; sporidia filling the ca\'ity of the peridium, pulverulent. — Berk. Irdi Gen. 274. .p.m. ONYGENA, Pers. Parasitic on animal substances ; peridium stipitate, or sessile, ^papyraceous, at length splitting ; asci delicate ; sporidia at length forming a dusty mass. — Berk. Outl. p. 406. {Fig. 309.) The species resemble little round-headed nails, and are smooth externally, and filled within with reddish powder, which is at first contained in asci. They are small and singular from their affecting animal sub- stances, and their external resemblance to little puflf- baUs. {Fbj. 309.) 2e 642 ONTGEI^EI. 1903. Onygena equina. Pers. " Hoof Onygena." Head lenticular, furfuraceous, dirty white, at length more or less regularly splitting all round ; stem abbreviated ; sporidia oblong-ovate or ovate, simple ; epispore pale tawny ; nucleus oblong, hyaline. — Pers. Syn.p. 203. Fdzl. Sym. Myc. t. 6,f. 19. Movg. exs. no. lib. Grev. t. 343. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1844, t. 17, /. 12-17. Corda. vi. 1 10, f. 96. Fr. S.M. in. p. 207. Eng. Fl. v. 'p. 322. Chev. t. 8, /. 8. Lycop. equinum. Sow. t. 292. Lycop. gossypinum. Bolt. 1. 178. Pay. Syn. {ed. 3), 1. 1,/. 3. Mich. t. 97, /. 8. Pers. Ohs. ii. t. 6,f. 3, a. b. c. Fl. Dan. 1. 1309, /. 1. Nees.f. 121. On hoofs of horses, &c. [Mid. Carolina.] {Fig. 309.) 1904. Onygena piligena. Fr. "Flannel Onygena." Head globose, somewhat umbilicate beneath, peridium rup- turing at the base, deciduous, membranaceous ; stem elongated, equal.— i^r. /S.J/. iii. /A 208. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 219. Fl. Dan. t. 1740, /. 2. On old flannel. Sherwood Forest. Gregarious ; stem half in. long, equal, even, fibroso- striate. According to some the peridium is double, the outer being membranaceous, white, split- ting to the base in unequal revolute lacinias, the inner very delicate and translucent. 1905. Onygena apus. B.diBr. " Bone Onygena." Peridium white, sessile, globose, seated on a delicate, white mycelium, externally tomentose, mature mass red-brown. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 582. On decaying bones. Nov. Bristol. Peridia globose, white, sessile, seated on a delicate white mycelium, about the size of rape seeds, under a lens tomentose, but even, not rugose ; spo- ridia ovate-elliptic, containing one or two granules, colouring the internal mass of a dark chocolate. — B. d; Br. Closely allied to the Xorth American species 0. corcina. A. . 403. Berk. exs. no. 287. On a beam which had been taken out of a chimney and ex- posed to the weather. King's Cliffe. 2e 2 644 PERISPOEIACEI. 1907. Perisporium vulgare. Corda. " Common Perispormm." Gregarious, globose, black, erumpent or superficial ; asci cla- vate ; sporidia ovate, brown, concatenate in fours. — Corda. ii. f. 97. B. 4'£r, Ann. N.II. no. 1103. PayenJ. 442-249. On old rope. Nov. Batheaston. {Fig. ,310.) Sporidia in chains of four '('00025 in.) 'OOG m.m. long when separated j asci with a delicate stem. 1908. Fexispoziuxn arundinis. Besm. " Reed Ferlsporium." Scattered, flattened, nearly black, minute ; sporidia ovate, or oblong, pale brown. — Desm. exs. ?io.32d. Berk Ann. N.H.no. 220. Fdd.exs.no. 0,4:4.. On leaves of reeds and their sheaths. Spring. ' ' A very doubtful production.'' — M. J. B. Often barren. Gen. 276. LASIOEOTIIYS, Kunze. Fig. 311. Erumpent ; central peri- dium between fleshy and horny, proliferous, collaps- ing above, attached to ra- diating fibres ; secondary peridia ascigerous ; asci cy- lindrical.— Berk Outl. 2^.4:04. This genus differs from its allies in its subcuticular growth. ■ (Fig. 311). 1909. Lasiobotzys lonicerae. Lasiobotrvs." Kze. " Honey-suckle Perithecia crowded in little orbicular tufts, even, depressed above ; radiating filament simple ; asci cylindrical, short, thick; sporidia? — Kiinze M.H. ii. p. 88. GVer. t. 191. Moug. exs. no. 860. i^r.^.il/.iii.;9.233. Fr. Obs.i.t.4:,f.7. Fng. Fl.y. p. 325. B. 4'Br. Ann. N.H'.no.e>61, t. xii.f. 4:4:. Gard. Chron. Dec 6, 1851. Desm. exs. no. 957. Corda. Anl. t. F. f. 53, 4-7. Bisch.f. 3701. Fckl, exs. no. 1749. Berk. exs. no. 48. On living leaves of Lonicera. PERISPORIACEI. 645 Epiphyllous, or cauline, with or without a yellow spot, at first covered by the epidermis, when mature very black, and regular, circular, from one to two lines in breadth, slightly convex, bursting at first in the centre, and ex- posing the perithecia. (Fig. 311 — a, nal. size ; h, portion of tuft enlarged; c, perithecia magni- fied.) Lasiobotrys lixxe^, BerJc, is Yenturia Dickicei. Gen. 277. SPK^ROTHECA, Lev. ^i* )^ Mycelium arachnoid; perithe- cia globose, containing a single globose sporangium ; append- ages numerous, floccose, — Berk. Outl.pAO^. (Fig. 312.) 1910. Sphaerotheca pannosa. Lev. " Kose Bliofht." Mycelium thickened, woolly, Fig. 312. felted, persistent ; conceptacles minute, globose, scattered; appendages floccose, white; sporan- gium many-spored. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xy. p. 138, t. 6,f. 6. Cooke Micr. F. t. xi./. 217, 218. Cooke exs. no. 90. Eng. Fl. Y. p. 325. Fckl.exs.no. 726. Erysiphe pannosa. Tul. Carp.i.p, 208, t. 3. Berk. exs. no. 96. Eurotium rosanim. Grev. 1. 164,/. 2. Baxt. exs. no. 92. Fr. S.M. \]i.p. 232. On the branches, calyces, petioles, and leayes of roses. Com- mon. The conidiophorous condition is Oidium leu^oconium. — Desmz. 1911. Sphaerotheca Castagnai. Lev. " Hop Blight." On both surfaces ; mycelium effuse, web-like, commonly eyan- escent ; conceptacles minute, scattered, globose ; appendages numerous, short, flexuose aboye ; sjjorangium many-spored. — Lev. Ann.Sc. Nat. 1851, xy.79. 139, t. 6,/. 9, 10. Cooke JI.F. t. xi. /. 216. Cooke exs. no. 91. Fckl. exs. no. 711-720. E. Dipsacearum, Tul. Carp. \.p. 210, t. 4,/. 4-9. E. macularis, Eng. Fl. \.p. 325. Ayres. exs. no. 22. On leayes of hop, meadowsweet, and other plants. (i^t'^. 312, conceptacleraagnifieJ..) 646 PEEISPOrvIACEI. Gen. 278. PHYLLACTXNZA, Lev. Perithecia hemispherical, at length depressed, seated on a persistent or evanescent mem- branaceo-granular receptacle ; appendages straight, rigid, aci- cular, at length bent back. — Berk. Outl.p. 404. {Fig. 313.) 1912. Fhyllactinia guttata. Lev. " Hazel Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web- like, often evanescent; concep- I^g, 313. tacles large, scattered, hemis- pherical, at length depressed ; appendages hyaline, rigid, simple ; sporangia 4-20, containing 2-4 sporidia. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv. p. 144, t. 7, /. 11. Cooke M.F. t. xi./. 219, 220. Cooke exs. no. 92. Fckl. exs. no. 702- 710. Fry siphe guttata, Fng. Fl. v. p. 327. Baxt. exs. no. 96. Tul. Carp. i.p. 194, t. i. Bej^k. exs. no. 205. On leaves of hawthorn, hazel, ash, elm, alder, beech, birch, oak, hornbeam, &c. Common. [United States.] (Fiff. 313, concepfacle magnified 300.) Gen. 279. UNCINULA, Lev. Mycelium floccose ; perithecia glo- bose ; appendages rigid, simple, bifid, or dichotomous, uncinate, at length bent upwards. — Berk. Outl. p. 404. (Fig. 314.) 1913. Uncinula adunca. Lev. '• Willow Blight." Mycelium variable ; conceptacles Yig, 314. scattered or gregarious, minute ; ap- pendages simple ; sporangia 8-12, sub-pyriform, containing 4 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv. p.lb0,t.7,f. 15. Cooke M.F. t. xi. f. 221-224. Fckl. exs. no. 699-700. F. Salicis, Tul. Carp. i.p. 198, t. 2. /. 1. E. adunca, Eng. Fl. v. p. 327. Grev. t. 296. Baxt. exs. no. 95. On leaves of willows, poplars, birch, &c. [United States.] {Fig. 314j conceptacle magnified.) PERISPOEIACEI. 647 1914. Uncinula bicoxnis. Lev. " Maple Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web -like, effuse, evanescent, or like a membrane and persistent ; conceptacles large, hemispherical, at length depressed ; appendages simple, bifid, or dichotomous, uncinate ; sporangia 8, sub-pyriform, containing 8 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, yix.p. 153, t. 1 J. 17. Cooke M.F.t.^x.f. 225- 228. Cooke exs. no. 93. Fckl. exs. no. 701. E. aceris, Tul. Carp. i.p. 197, t. 2,/. 2, 3. E. bicornis, Eng. Fl.v.p. 327. A?/res, exs. no. 78. On leaves of maples, &c. Common. 1915. Uncinula Wallrothii. Lev, " Sloe Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web-like, evanescent ; conceptacles minute, scattered ; sporanges 12-16, pear-shaped, 6-spored ; ap- pendages numerous, twice the length of the diameter of the conceptacles. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv.p.loS, t. 7, f. 16. Seem. Journ. iv. p. 97. Cooke M.F. ii. ed. p. 223. Erysiphe Pru- nastri, D.C. Ft. Fr. vi. p. 108. Tul. Carp. i. p. 199. Erysiphe adunca, Q^ Frunastri, Duhy.p. 870. Fr. S.M. \\\.p. 245. On the leaves of Prunus spinosa. October. This species is very closely allied to Uiiciivda adunca, from which the length of the appendages, the number of sporanges, and of the spores, with its evanescent mycelium, distinguish it. Gen. 280. PODOSFH^RA, Kunze. 1916. Fig. 315. Fodosphsexa Kunzei. Mvcelium effuse, web- like, evanescent ; con- ceptacles spheerical, con- taining one, sub-globose, 8-spored sporangium ; spores ovate ; append- ages few, dichotomous, thickened at their ex- tremities, hyaline. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. {Fig. 315.; Lev. " Plum-leaf Blight." Amphigenous ; conceptacles minute, scattered, globose ; ap- pendages three times the length of the diameter of the concept 648 PEEISPORIACEI. tacles. — Lev. Ann. Sc. i\^a^. 1851, -ky. p. 135, t. 6,/. 6. Coohe Seem. Journ. t. xlv./. 3. Cooke M.F. ii. ed.}-). 226. Fold. exs. no. 726-728. Erijsihe tridanAijla^ Rahli. D. Krypt. Fl.p. 237. Desmz. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, t. iii.p. 361. Tul. Carp. i,p. 201, t. 4t,f. 11- 13. On the leaves of Primus domestica. September. [Mid. Carolina.] {Fig. 315.) 1917. Fodosphaexa clandestina. Lev. '' Hawthorn Blight." Amphigenous ; conceptacles minute, globose, scattered ; ap- pendages (8-10) equal in length to the diameter of the concep- tacles ; branches short and rounded at their extremities. — Lev. Ann. des Sc. JVat. 1851, xv.^:*. 135, t. 6,/. 5. Cooke Seem. Journ. t. xlv./. 4. Cooke M.F. ii. ed.p. 226. Fckl. exs. no. 729. Erysiphe Oxyacanfhce, D.C. Fl. Fr. y\. p. 106. Duhy. Bot. Gall. d>Q^. Cast. Cat. p. 1^0. Tul. Carp. i. 2^. 202, t. 4:,/. 10. Erysiphe clandestina^ Fr.Sys.Myc. p. 238. On the leaves of hawthorn. September. Gen. 281. MICR0SFH.S:RIA, Lev. Mycelium arachnoid ; ap- pendages straight, dichotomous; branchlets swelling at the tip, or filiform. — Be7'k. Outl.p. 404. {Fig. 316.) 1918. IVIicrospheexia Ked'wigii. Lev. '■ Mealy Guelder-rose Blight." Hypophyllous ; mycelium web- like, evanescent ; conceptacles minute, globose, scattered ; ap- pendages few, very little longer than the diameter of the concep- tacles ; sporangia 4, ovate, containing 4 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, XV. p. 155, t. 8,f. 19. Cooke M.F. p. 219, t. xii./. 243. Calocladia Hedwigii. Fckl. exs. no. 695. On leaves of mealy guelder-rose. [Low. Carolina.] (Fig. 316, conceptacle magnified.) PEEISPOEIACEI. 649 1919. Micxosphaeria penicillata. Lev. *' Guelder-rose Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web -like, efifuse, evanescent ; con- ceptacles scattered, minute, globose ; appendages 8-12, equal to the diameter of the concej)tacle ; sporangia -l, ovate, rostrate, containing 8 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. JVat. 1851, xv.p. ] 55, ^ 8, f. 21. Cooke M.F. t. xi. /. 234. Fckl. exs. 690, 691. E. Alni, Tul. Carp. i. p. 203, t. 2,/. 5-7. On leaves of guelder-rose and aldor. [United States.] 1920. Microsphseria IVIougeotii. Lev. " Tea-tree Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web-like, oftentimes persistent ; con- ceptacles minute, scattered or gregarious, globose, at length de- pressed; appendages loosely dichotomous ; sporangia 12-16, on a short pedicel, 2-spored. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv.^. 158,/. 9,/. 24. Cooke M.F. p.2\^. On leaves of Lycium barharum. October. 1921. Microsphaeria berberidis. Lev. " Berberry Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web-like, oftentimes persistent ; conceptacles scattered or gregarious, globose, minute ; append- ages few (5-10) ; branchlets long, divaricate, obtuse at their apices ; sporangia 6, ovate, containing 6-8 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, XV.;). 159, 1. 10,/. 28. CooJce M.F. t. xi./. 229-232. Cooke exs. no. 95. Fckl. exs. no. 693, E. Berberidis, Tul. Carp. i. p. 204, t. 5,/. 1. E. penicillata. Eng. Fl. v. p. 327 {partly). On leaves of berberry. Autumn. 1922. IVIicrosphaeria grossulaxiae. Lev. " Gooseberry Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web-like, fugacious or persistent ; conceptacles scattered or gregarious, globose, minute ; append- ages 10-15, vaguely dichotomous, ultimate branchlets bidentate; sporangia 4-8, ovate, containing 4-5 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv.p. 160, t. 9,/. 25. Cooke M.F. p. 220. Fckl. exs. no. 697. E. penicillata, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 327 (partly). On gooseberry leaves. 1923. Microsphaeria coxnata. Lev. " Spindle-tree Blight." Hypophyllous ; mycelium web-like, fugacious ; conceptacles scattered, minute, globose ; sporanges, 8, ovate, with a beak- like termination at their base, 4-spored; appendages few, six 2e 5 650 PERTSPORIACEI. times the length of the diameter of the conceptacles. — Calocla- dia comata,Lev.Ann.des. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv. p. 167, t. 9,/. 23. Cooke Seem. Journ. t. xlv./. 5. Cooke.exs. no. 94. Cooke M.F. ii. ed.p.2'2.Q. FcM. exs. no.^%2. Erysihe Euonymi^DC. Fl. Fr.m. p. 105. E. penicillata, e. Euonymi, Fr. S.M. iii. p. 244. On the leaves of Euonymus Europceus. September. Gen. 282. ERYSIPHE, Hedw. Mycelium arachnoid; append- ages floccose, simple, or irregu- larly branched. — Berk. Outl. p. 404. {Fig. 317.) Fig. 317. * Sporangia 2-spored. 1924. Erysiphe Linkii. Lev. "Mugwort Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web-like, fugacious or persistent ; conceptacles minute, globose, scattered, emersed; appendages white, interwoven with the mycelium ; sporangia 8-20, pyri- form, with elongated pedicels. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv.p. 161,^.10,/. 29. Cooke 31. F.t.iiii. f. 248, 249. Cookeexs.no. 199. Fckl.exs. no. 648,649. E. communis. Eng. FLy. p.32D (jpartly). On leaves of mugwort. Autumn. 1925. Erysiphe lamprocarpa. Lev. " Composite Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web-like, fugacious, or persistent ; conceptacles minute, globose, scattered, or gregarious ; append- ages coloured, interwoven with the mycelium; sporangia 8-16, shortly pedicellate. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851,xv. j9. 163, 1. 10,/. 31. Cooke M.F. 1. 12, f. 250, 251. Cooke exs. no. 200. Fckl. exs. no. 650-658. On leaves of Salsify, Scorzonera, Plantain, &c. Autumn. (Fig. 317, Conceptacle aiid Sporangium, magnified.) PEEISPOEIACEI. 651 ** Sporangia 3-8 spored. 1926. Erysiphe graminis. D.C. '-Grass Blight."' AmphigenoiTs or epiphvlloiis ; mycelium effuse, floccose, per- sistent ; conceptacles large, gregarious or disseminated, hemis- pherical, at length depressed and semi-immersed; appendages simple or interwoven with the mycelium ; sporangia 20-24, ovate, pedicellate, with 8 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Xat. 1851, xv. p. 165, 1. 10,/. 33. Cooke JI.F. t. xi. /. 235, 236. A^/res. exs. no. 23. Till Carp. i.p.212. FcJd.exs.no. 659. On leaves of grasses. Autumn. The conidiiferous condition of this species is Oiclium monilioides. Link. 1927. Erysiphe martii. Lk. " Pea Blight." Amphigenous ; mycelium web-like, very often evanescent, globose ; appendages short, interwoven with the mycelium ; sporangia 4-8 globose, pedicellate, with 4-8 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, XY. p. lCj6,t. 10, f.S4:. Cooke M.F. t. xi. /. 237-239. Cooke exs.no. ^Q. FcM.exs.no. ^^0-Qll. E. pisi. Tul. Carp.i. p.216,t. 5,/. 7, a. b. E. communis. Eng.FLy.p.32b {partly). On leave of peas, beans, UmhelUferce, &c. Autumn. Com- mon. [^P- Carolina.] 1928. Erysiphe Montagnei. Lev. " Burdock Blight." Amphigenous or hypophyllous ; mycelium web-like, evanes- cent; conceptacles minute, globose, gregarious or scattered; ap- pendages distinct from the mycelium ; sporangia 8, ovate, ros- trate, with 2-3 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv. p. 169, t. 11,/. 36. Cooke M.F. p. 220. Cooke exs. no. ^1 . Fckl.exs.no. 673, 674. E. communis. Eng. Fl. v. p. 325 {partly). On leaves of Burdock. 1929. Erysiphe tortilis. Lk. " Cornel Blight." Hypophyllous ; mycelium web-like, effuse, evanescent ; con- ceptacles minute, globose ; appendages ten times as long, free from the mycelium, flexuose ; sporangia 4, ovate, rostrate, with 4 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc.Nat. 1851, xv.^. 170, 1. 11,/. 35. Cooke M.F. t. xii./. 245, 246. Cooke exs. no. 98. Eng. Fl. v. p. 327. Tul. Carp. i. j9. 213. Fckl. exs. no. 672. Berk, exs. no. 204. On leaves of common Dogwood. Autumn. 652 PERISPOEIACEI. 1930. Erysiphe communis. Sclil. *' Buttercup Blight.' Hypophyllous ; mycelium effuse, web-like, evanescent or per- Bistcnt ; conceptacles minute, globose, scattered or gregarious; appendages short ; sporangia 4-8, ovate, rostrate, -with 4-8 spores. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv. p. 171, 1. 11, f. 38. CooJce 3I.F.t.x\lf. 240-24:2. Cooke exs. no. 99. Eng. Fl. x. p. 325 (jmrtbj). Tul.Carp.i.p.2U,t.6, f.S-7. Fckl. exs.no. 676-686. Berk. exs. nos. 200-203, 269-313. On leaves of Ranunculacece, Leguminosce, &c. Autumn. Com- mon. [United States.] 1931. Erysiphe horridula. Lev. " Bugloss Blight." Amphigenous; mycelium web-like, sometimes persistent; conceptacles minute, globose, scattered, or clustered ; sporanges 20-24, oblong-ovate, attenuated downwards, containing 3-4 spores ; appendages short, flexuose, and bent upwards. — Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xv.^. 170, t. 11, /. 37. Cooke Seem. Journ. Fckl. exs. no. 688. On leaves of Lijcopsis arvensis. Oct. [Low. Carolina.] Gen. 283. CH.5:T0IVIIU]»I, Kze. Perithecium thin, brittle, mouthless ; spo- rangia linear, containing dark lemon- shaped sporidia. — Berk. Outl.p. 405. Eng. Fl.Y.p.^21. {Fig. 318.) Fig. 318. 1932 Chaetomium elatum. Kze. " Straw Bristle-Mould." Perithecium sub-ovate, base radiato-fibrose, hairs of the ver- tex very long, interwoven, branched ; sporidia broadly elliptic, apiculate at either end. — Kunze M.H.i. t. i. /. 3. Grev. t. 230. Fr. S.M. ni.p. 254. Fr.exs. wo. 459. Cooke M.F. t. xii./. 257-259. Cooke exs. no. 100. Eng. Fl. v./>.328. Fckl. exs. no. 646. Sphceria scopnla. Soiv.t. S86,f. 4r. Berk.exs.no. Ad. On mouldering straw, &c. Common. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] It has been stated that Sporodum conopleoides is the conidiophorous state of this species. — See No, 1756j ante. PEEISPOEIACEI. 653 1933. Chsetomium chartaruxn. Mould." ETlI. " Paper Bristle- Peritlieciuni subglobose, black, surrounded bj a bright yellow spot ; sporidia subglobose. — Fr. S.JI. iii. j). 255. Cooke 21. F. t. xii./. 252, 253. Ftig. FLy. p. 328. On paper. Stibbington, Hants. [United States.] " The sporidia are decidedly more globose than in C. elafum, having very little of the peculiar lemon-like form of that species."— J/. J.B, (Fig. S18, Perithecium and free spore raagiiijied.) 1934. Chaetomiuxn glabrum . B. " Smooth. Bristle.Mould." This species has never been described. It was recorded, by name only, in Berkeley's Outlines, and, the specimens being mislaid, that gentlemen is unable to describe it completely and correctly. On damp straw. " It grew abundantly on straw, and differed from Chcetoraium elaticm in being perfectly free from hairs." — M.J. B. 1935. Chsetoxniuxn muxozuxn. Corda. "Wall Bristle-Mould." 8ub-gregarious, glaucous, then blackish ; perithecium glo- bose, brown ; hairs circinate, erect, septate, pulverulent ; spori- dia oblong, yellowish. — Corda. ii. t. 13,/. 103. Cooke, M.F. ea. ii.p.226. On plaster. Chjetomium IxDicmi, Corda, has been found in London on paper which had come from Burmah, but it has no claim to be included as British. — Cooke exs. no. 216. Gen. 284. ASCOTRICHA, Berk. Perithecium thin, free, mouthless, seated on loose, branched, conidiiferous threads ; sporangia linear, containing dark elliptic sporidia. — Berk. Outl.p. 405. (Fig. 319.) Fig. 319. 654 PERISPOEIACEI. 1936. Ascotricha chartarum. B. " Paper Mildew." Peritheciura thin, olive-brown, seated on radiating flocci ; sporangia linear, numerous ; sporidia broadly elliptic, cbocolate- colonred. — Berk. Ann. N.H. no 116. CookeM.F.p.22\,t.^Y\..J. 254-256. On white printed paper. King's Cliffe. (Fig. 319.) Gen. 285. EUROTIUM, Link. Perithecia reticulated, vesicular, coloured, attached to mucedinous threads ; sporangia delicate. — Berk. Outl.p.iOb. {Fig. 320.) Fig. 320. 1937. Euxotium herbariorum. Zk. " Herbarium Mould." Perithecium spherical, sub-depressed, yellow, seated upon radi- ating, expanded, branched, intricate flocci. — Lk. Sp. i.79. 79. Eng. Fl.Y.p.333. Grev.t.lUJ.l. Fr.S.M.m.p.B32. Cooke If. F. p. 222,t.xu.f. 260,261. Fckl. exs.no. 17 AS. Farinaria sulphurea, Sow. t. 379, f. 3. On plants in herbaria and various decaying substances. Com- mon. [United States.] This is now admitted to be an aecigerous condition of Aspergillus glaucus. See No. 1757, ante. {Fig. 320.) ELVELLACEI. 655 Order. XXVIII, ELVELLACEI Hymenium at length more or less exposed ; substance soft. — Berk. Outl.p. 358. Receptacle pileate or clavate — Hymenium folded and pitted . Hymenium even Hymenium rugulose .... Hymenium smooth, viscid Eeceptacle clavate, confluent with stem . Receptacle inflated — Hymenium ribbed Receptacle capitate — Head distinct, inflated .... Head compressed, running down the stem Head orbicular, hymenium velvety Receptacle crustaceous, effused, with root-like fibrils Receptacle cup-shaped — Disc soon open , . . . . Disc always open Receptacle indeterminate Receptacle patelljeform, mirgined — Asci fixed, Asci exploded Receptacle cyathiform, homy Receptacle closed, then open, coriaceous . Receptacle orbicular, then truncate Receptacle spha?rica], waxy .... Receptacle deciduous — Disc waxy, persistent .... Receptacle obsolete— Hymenium immersed in matrix Hymenium a pulverulent stratum . Morchella. Helcella. Verpa. Leotm. Geoglossum. Gyromitra. Mitrida,. Spathidojiria. Vihrissea. Rhizina. Pezizo.. Helotium. Psilopezia. Patellarm. Ascoholiis. Tymparus. Cenangium, Bulgaria. Agyrium. Laqitearia. Stictis, Ascomyces. Gen. 286. Fig. 321 SaORCHELLA, Dill. Receptacle clavate or pileate, impervious in the centre, stipi- tate, covered with the hymenium, ■which is deeply folded and pitted. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 5. Berk. Outl.p. 358. {Fig. 321.) 1938. Morchella esculenta. Pers. " Common Morel." Pileus ovate, adnate at the base; ribs firm, anastomosing, and forming deep pits : stem even ; asci very long, sporidia oblong- 656 ELVELLACEI. ovale.— i^r. >S'J/. ii.;5. G. Ba(ni.'i.tA1J.2,u.t.UJ.Q. Hogg. ^ Johnst. t. 2. Vent. 1. 16,/. 5-8. Fchl. exs. no. 1243. Rav. exs. i. no. 36. Tratt.Aust. t. 6, no. 11. Tratt. Ess. t. E.E. Smith, E.M. /. 20. Grev.t.Q^. ffuss.i.t.lS. Berk. Ouil.t. 21, f. 6. Cooke B.F.f.h. Phallus esculentus,Bolt. t. 91. Schceff. t. 199. Bull.t. 238? Mich. t. 85,/. 1. Sow.t. 51 (pari). Batt. t. ilf.F. FL Dan. t. 53. Vent.f. 107-109. Roq. t. \,f. 4-5. Hrz. t. 50. Bisch. /3302. Eng.Fl.y. p. 182. In woods, &c. Spring — Summer. Esculent. [S. Carolina.] Varying much in breadth and height, soroetimes conical, sometimes al- most cylindrical. Pileus 2-3 in. high, yellowish, olivaceous, cinereous, &c., the ribs sometimes tinged with a different colour from the cells. Stem hol- low, 1-3 in. high.— J/. /. £. {Fig. 321.) 1939. IVZoirchella crassipes. Pers. " Gigantic Morel." Pileus subconic, brown, base adnate, ribs irregular, undulated, thick ; pits polymorphous, large, deep, the bottom celluloso- plicate ; stem large, tall, incrassated at the base, lacunose, at- tenuated uj)wards, smooth, somewhat flesh-coloured. — Pers. Syn. p. 621. B. ^\ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1151. Smith Seem. Journ. 1868, f.73. Vent.p.h0^,f.2. Fr. S.M.ii.p.^. Krombh. t.l6,f.l. In a hedgerow. April. S. Devon. Esculent. Sporidia oval, yellow, depressed ('•0007-"0008 in.) •017-'02 m.m, long (•00032-00042 in.), •007--01 m.m. broad. The substance of the flesh is not so firm as that of M. esculeiita, and not so readily dried ; it becomes moist and is apt to decompose.— W'G.S. Attains a height of nine in. or more, and is remarkable for its grooved stem. 1940. Morchella patula. Pers. " Spreading Morel." Pileus obtuse, free to the middle, pits rhomboid ; stem even. —Fr. S.M. \\.p. 10. Nees.f. 164. Sow. t. 51 (partly). Eng Fl. v.p. 183. Bisch. f.ZZOl. In woods, &c. Rare. Obtusely and broadly conic ; stem 2 in. high ; cells even within. 1941. Morchella semilibera. B.C. " Half-free Morel." Pileus conical, free to the middle, ribs longitudinal, forming oblong pits, which are veined within ; stem even ; sporidia large, oval.— i^r. S.M.ii.p. 10. Mich. t. 84,/. 3. Vent. t. 11, f. 105, 106. Grev. t. 89. Eng. Fl. v. p. 183. Morchella hybrida. Sow. f. 238. Kl.exs.no. 232. Under hedges, &c. Esculent. ELVELLACEl. 657 Pileus when youn^ conic or snb-globose-com'c, yellowisli-olive, the reticu- lations formed by ribs running down with tolerable regularity Irom the apex, oblong, with a fe^ wrinkles within ; stem short, thickest at the base, slightly furfuraceous; pileus when mature I5 in. high, nearly as broad, darker, free for rather more than half its height, reticulations still oblong, but occa sionally some are rhomboidal ; sporidia large, oval, yellowish ; stem 5 in. or more high, 1 in. thick at the base, hollow, pitted and wrinkled below, more or less grooved through its whole length, flexuous. slightly tinged with red- dish brown, decidedly furfuraceous, crisp ; taste pleasant. — Eiig. Fl. Gen. 287. GYROMITRA, Fr. Receptacle inflated, bullate, rough, with raised gyrose ribs. — Berk. Outl.p. 358. (Fig. 322.) 1842. Gyxoxnitxa esculenta. Fr. "Edible Gyromitra." Pileus inflated, irregular, un- dulated, gyroso-rugose, brown , margin adnexed to the even, vil- lous stem ; sporidia imiseriate, oblong-ovate, with two nuclei. — ■p- 3.7.-) B. (5' Br. Ann. N. H. no. 825. Hdvelli esculenta, Fr. S.M. ii-i^. 16. Schcejr. 1. 160 ? Fckl. exs. no. 2067. Tratt. Essh. t. C.C. A7. exs. no. 138. Badh. ii. t. 12, f. 3-5. In pine woods. April. Rare. Weybridge. {Fig. 322.) HELVELLA, Linn. Receptacle pileate, hanging down over the stem ; concave and barren below ; hymenium even. — Fr. S.M. ii.;?. 13. "Berk.Outl.p.SoS. (Fig. 323.) 1943. Helvella gigas. Kroml). " Large Helvella." Fig. 323. Pileus large, lobed, undulate, plicate or crisp, pallid, whitish or ochraceous ; lobes sub-adnate, ad- pressed to the stem ; stem thick, ceUular, waxy, whitish, lacunose, 658 ELVELLACEl. nearly smooth ; asci rather large ; spores large, oval, granular. — Kromhh. t. 20. Cu?i\ Linn. Trans, xxiv. t. 25, /. 25. Ann. N.H. no. lOGO. On the ground. Blackheath Park. Very variable in colour. 1944. Helvella crispa. Fr. " Pallid Helvella." Pileus deflexed, lobed, at length free, crisped, pallid ; stem fistulose, costato-lacunose ; asci sub-clavate ; sporidia ovate, hyaline, granular. — Vent. t. 11, f. 110. Corda. Anl. t. G.f. 67, 7- 8. Bisch.f.S274:. Fckl.exs. no. 124:2. Fr. S.M.ii.p. 14.. Berk. Outl. t. 21, f, 4. Grev. 1. 143. Sow. t. 39. Eai/. Syn. ed. 3,^9. 8, no. 59. Schceff.t. 282. BuU.t.AGQ. Fl. Dan. 1. 1660. Cooke B.F.f. i. Mich. t. 86,/. 7. Gled. t. 2,/. 3. Batt. t. 2,/. 9. Tratt. Ess. t. D. D. Eng. FI.y. p. 184. Frice.t. 7,/. 47. Badh. i. t. 14,/. 2, ii. t. 5, /I. Smith E.M.f. 16. Verit. t. 31, f.l, 2. Rav. exs.Yi.no.lh. Berk. exs. no. 264. In woods. Common. Esculent. [S. Carolina.] Pileus wLitish. flesli coloured, or yellowisli. Stem 3-5 in, high, snowy- •white, deeply lacunose and ribbed, the ribs hollow. — Eng. Fl. 1945. Helvella lacunosa. Afz. " Cinereous Helvella." Pileus inflated, lobed, cinereous black, lobes deflexed, adnate ; stem fistulose, costato-lacunose ; asci cylindrical, stipitate; sporidia ovate, hyaline. — Badh. i. 1. 14:, f. 1. Fl. Boruss. t. 383. Vent.t.Sl,f.4:-6. Fl. Dan.t.l^68,f.l. Bail.t.21. Fckl.exs, no. 1241. Price t. 16, f. 100. Fr. S.M. \\.p. 15. Holms, ii. t. 24. Schwf.t. 154,^.162. Nees.f.l63. Cooke B.F.f.k. Eng. FI.y. p. 184. Grev. t. 36. Berk. exs. no. 265. In woods. Common. Esculent. [Low. Carolina.] Stem white or dusky. 1946. Helvella sulcata. Afz. " Sulcate Helvella." Pileus deflexed, lobed, adnate ; stem stuffed, equal, sulcate ; spores broadly elliptic. — Afz. 1. 10,/. 1. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 15. Batt. t. 3,/. B. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. 1866, no. 764, 1152. On the ground. Oct. Bowood. [Mid. Carolina.] Spores very broadly elliptic, with a single large globose nucleus ("0006- '0007 in.) 'OlS-'OiZ m.m. long. Solitary, rarely gregarious, smooth. Stem 2 in. long, 4-5 lines thick, attenuated upwards, longitudinally sulcate; pileus deflexed, equally 2-3 lobed, even, compressed, darker when dry. — B.. 240, 1. 14,/. 7. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 552. Schcsff. t. 321. Rav. exs. vi. no. 74. On the ground in wood. Spring and autumn. [S. Carolina.] Scarcely 1 in. high. Very near to H. elastica, and differs principally in its dwarf size and decidedly velvety coat. — B. S'.3/.i.i?. 489. Ann^X.H.no.lQ>o. Price t.U.f. 102. var. /3. purpureum. Dingy purple. — BevJc. Outl. t. '22, f. 3. On lawns. Oct. Rare. Sporidia ('OOOG in.) '015 m.m. long. 1958. Geoglossum glutinosuxn. P. " Glutinous Geoglossum." Smooth, blackish ; clubs compressed, distinct ; stem viscid. — Fr. S.JI. i. p. 489. Ei^rj.Fl. \.p. 178. A7. exs. no. 641, ii. no. 319. Grassy places. Rare. Stem nearly equal, 1 in. or more high, clothed with tenacious gluten, red- dish brown, inclining to black; receptacle somewhat lanceolate, obsoletely viscid, blacker than the stem. — Fries. 1959. Geoglossum viscosum. P. " Viscid Geoglossum." Smooth, viscid, black ; clubs cylindrical, confluent with the stem ; sporidia linear, rounded at the ends, curved, triseptate, pale-brown. — Fr. S.M. i.p. 489. Fng. Fl. y.p. 178. Grev. t. 55. Loud.f. 16186. FcJd. Syui. Myc.p. 333. Moist meadows, pastures, &c. 1960. Geoglossum, glabrum. P. " Smooth Geoglossum." Smooth, dry, blackish ; stem subsquamulose ; sporidia fasci- culate, linear-fusiform, 3-4 septate, dark brown. — Kromhh. t. 5, /. 20, 21. Price t. 3,/. 17. Fckl. exs. no. 1142. Eng. Fl. v. p. 178. Fr.S.M.i.p.4:SS. Vaill. t.7,f. o. Mich. t. ^1 JA. Bull, t.^12. Clav. ophiorjlossoides, Bolt. t. 111,/. 2. Fl. Dan. t. 1076,/. 2. Schm. exs. no. 47. Corda. Anl. G.f. 65, 1-4. Bisch.f. 3379. Kl. exs. no. 239. Grassy places. [Mid. Carolina.] 1961. Geoglossum hirsutum. P. " Hairy Geoglossum." Black, hairy ; head confluent with the stem ; sporidia fasci- culate, elongated fusiform, somewhat curved, 15-septate, dark brown. — Corda. ii./. 124. Eng. Fl. y.p. 178. Fr. S.M. i.p. 488. 664 ELVELLACEI. Soiv. t. 85. Schoeff. t. 327. Nees.f. 157. Schm. exs.no. 122. Mich, t. 87,/. S.Berk. Outl. t. 22, f. 2. Corda. Anl. G.f. 65,/ 5-8. BiscU. /. 3380-3384. ZowcZ./. 16184. Rav.exs.V\.no.lSi. FcM.exs.no, 1141. Amongst grass. Common. [S. Carolina.] 1962. Geoglossum difforxne. Fr. *' Twisted Geoglossum." Smooth, even, subviscid, black ; club compressed, distinct ; sporidia linear, curved, tri-septate, pale-brown. — Kromhli. t. 54, /. 28, 29. Fr.S.M.i.pA^'d. Berk, exs.no. 266. Eng.Fl.y.p, 178. Kl. exs. ii. no. 424. Frice 1. 18,/. 117. Amongst grass. Sept. — Oct. [United States.] Receptacle compressed, lanceolate, liollowed out on either side, distorted, distinct, smooth, very slightly viscid, dark brown-black, 1 in. or more long. Stem equal, cylindrical, but little compressed, 1 5 in high, 2 lines thick ; sporidia as in G. viscosum. — M.J.B. {Fig. 329, nat. size.) Gen. 295. RHIZZNA, Fr. Crustaceous, effused, then bul- lato-inflated, underset with root- like fibrils.— i^r. ^S'.F./S'. Receptacle effused, crustaceous, bullate, concave beneath, furnished with numer- ous root like fibrillae ; margin deflexed ; hymenium occupying the whole of the superior surface, even, persistent ; asci fixed, large ; sporidia ovato-oblong, with two sporidioli; stem none ; pileus con- vex, subrotund, determinate, margin at firstbyssoid J substance fleshy. — Fr.S.M. ii. p. 33. (Fig. 330.) 1963. Fig. 330. Rhizina undulata. Fr. *' Waved Ehizina." Effused, undulated, bay-brown; margin inflexed, flocculose beneath and pallid ; asci linear, eight spored ; sporidia fusiform, binucleate ; paraphyses clayiform. — Fr, S.M. ii.i?. 33. Tul. Hyp. t. 21 J. 16. B. I' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1076. Intell. Ohs. no. 25. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv.^. 493, t. 51,/. 7-9. Rahh. exs. no. 39. On sandy banks where the heath had been burnt down. Ascot. [S. Carolina.] Some of the specimens have a raised yellow margin, as in i?. Icevigata, but this vanishes with age. Sporidia colourless or yellowi&h (•0012.-0014 m.) •025--03 m.m. long. (^^9- 3^"-) ELVELLACEI. 665 Gen. 296. PEZIZA, Linn. Clip-shaped ; cup more or less concave, soon open; disc naked; asci fixed. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 40. Fries dirides this genus into three groups, with the following distinguish- ing characteristics ; — (Fig. 331.) Fig. 331. Externally pruinose or floccoso-furfuraceous Externally pilose or villous Externally almost naked, smooth . Aleuria. Lachnea. Phialea. Series 1. Aleuria., Fr. Fleshy or carnoso-membranaceous, externally pruinose, or floccoso-furfuraceous. Mostly terrestrial. Stem firm, sulcate, elongated . . . Macrocodes. Subsessile, oblique, or twisted . . . Cochhatae. Subsessile, regular Cupulares. Small, somewhat fleshy, margin flocculose Humaria. More or less coriaceous Encoelia. The last section, Encalla, scarcely accords witb the characters of the series. Sec. 1. Macropodes — stem firm, sulcate, or elongated. 1964. Feziza acetabulum. L. " Eeticulated Peziza." Cyathiform, dingy, ribbed externally with branching veins, which run up from the short, lacunose, fistulose stem. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. U. Fell. exs. no. 1231-2084. Sow. t. 59. Vaill. t. 13. /.I. Bull. t. 4.86, J. 4:. Eng. Fl. y.p.187. Acetabula vulgaris, Fchl. Sym. Myc. p. 330. On the ground in spring. Esculent. [Low. Carolina.] Cup 2 in. broad, 1^ in. high, externally floccoso-furfuraceous, light-umber, darker within, mouth contracted, firm, tough, flesh not very thick ; stem i in. high, smooth, deeply, but regularly costato-lacunose, the ribs branch- ing at the top and forming reticulations on the outside of the cup, so as to present the appearance of a cluster of pillars supporting a font or roof, with fret-work between them.— ^/i'/. -F^. Sporidia •Ul6--02-i X •012--0I6 m.m.— xVyZ. (Fig. 331.) 2 F 6G6 ELVELLACEI. 1965. Pezizaxnaczopus. Pei^s. " Long- stemmed Peziza." Cup liemisjDlierical, hirto-verrucose, cinereous ; disc mouse- coloured.; stem very long, attenuated ; sporidia ellipsoid. — F'r. SJI. ii. i>. 57. Buxb. iv. t. 20, f. 2. Eng. Fl. v.;?. 189. Bull. t. 457, f. 2, t. 1U6. Sow. t. 38. Schaf. t. 1G6. Bolt. t. 96. Pers. Obs. ii. t.l,f. 2. Fl. Dan. t. 1200,/. 2. Holms, ii. t. 10. Fchl. exs. no. 1234. Grev.t. 70. Macro2wdiamacropus,Fckl. Sym.Myc.p.ddl. Cooke exs. no. 289. On tlie ground in woods. Common. [United States.] Varying greatly in the degree of pubescence, occasionally the border of the piieus is reflexed, and there is then no small degree of resemblance to Mdvello. elastica. — Eng Fl. Sporidia •022--027 X •011-'014 m.m. Nyl Sporidia ellipsoid •02.-027 X •on --014 m.m. (-OOOr-'OOOQ X -00035 in.) paraphyses filiform, thickened at the apex. Ko.rst. 1966. Peziza tuberosa. Bull. " Tuberous Peziza." Thin, cup infundibuliform, bright brown, turning pale ; stem elongated, springing from an irregular black tuber (sclerotium). —F^r. S.M. ii. p. 58. Hediv. t.lOJ.B. Berk.exs.no.lbS. Bull, t. 485./. 2, 3. /Sow. t. 6, 3. Rabh. exs. no. 1522. Gonn. ^ Babh. iii. t.l.f.l. Fckl. exs. no. 1235. Huss. ii. 1. 10. Mong. 4' iV". exs. 397. Fng. Fl. Y.p. 189. iSclerotinia tuberosa, Fckl.Sym. Mycp. 331. On the ground in woods. Spring. [Mid. Carolina.] Stem running deep into the earth, 1-3 in. high, attached to a Sclerotium. Sporidia oblong- ellipsoid, simple, -OOS-'OlG X 'OOS-'OOQ m.m. ('OOOS-'OOOe X •00019--0003O in.)—Karst. 1967. Peziza xapulum. Bull. " Wine-cup Peziza." Thin, yellowish-brown, cup infundibuliform, nearly smooth ; stem twisted, root elongated, fibrillose. — Fr. S.M.ii.i^. 59. Bull. i.485,/.3. Nees.f.'^Ol. Holms.u.t.9. Fng. FLy.]). 189. On the ground. Rare. [Low. Carolina.] Observed only by Dickson. Sect. 2. Cochleatce — subsessile, pruinose, obhque, or twisted. 1968. Peziza venosa. P. " Yeined Peziza." Sessile, somewhat twisted, dark umber, white beneath, rugose with costate Teins. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 46. Jacq. Mis.t. 17,/. 1. Berk. Outl. t. 22, f. 6. Grev. 1. 156. Huss. ii. t. 7. P. reticulata, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 187. On the ground in spring. Esculent? Many inches broad. Odour strong, like that of nitric acid. ELVELLACEI. 667 1969. Feziza badia. P, " Large brown Peziza." Subsessile, entire, flexuose, brown, margin at first iuvolute, externally pruinose, paler, inclining to olive (as well as the mar- gin) ; sporidia oblong-ovate, epispore rongh. — Fr. S.JI. ii. p. 46. Va{ll.t.ll;f.3. Bolt.t.dd. Berk. Outl.t. 22, f. 4. Huss. ii. t. 13. Eng. Fl. v.^;. 187. Gonn. 4' Rahh. iii. t. i. f. 3. Rahli. exs. no. 337. Margin of ponds. Summer. [l^P- Carolina.] Variable in colour. 1-2 in. broad, sabc^spitose, irregular, sligbtlyprninose externally, villous at the base, and often lacunose ; disc occasionally porous, extremely changeable in colour, often, in the same individual, changing from rufous to a beautiful olive, brownish, &c.— Fries. Sporidia ellipsoid, rough ■016--02 X -OOS-'Oll m.m, (•0OO5--O0O7 X "OOOS in.) — Xi/l. Sporidia ellipsoid, rough •015-'02 X 'OGS-'Oll m.m. — Karst. Sporidia •0178--02 X '009 m.m.-G^. ct R. 1970. Feziza phlebophora. B. S; Br. "Small-veined Peziza." Cups poculiform, oblique, substipitate, finely pulverulent, venoso-costate at the base. — B. 4' Br. Ann. X.H. (186Gj, no. 1153,^3,/. 9. On clay banks. King's Cliffe, Brislington. Cup \-\\ in. across, often rather oblique, yellow or brownish, springing from a very short, stem-like base, from which branched ribs are given off, ending in little pits j sporidia ("0004 in.) '01 m.m. long ; hymenium often venose. 1971. Peziza cochleata. Huds. '• Whorled Peziza." Sessile, ca^spitose, large, twisted, imiber, externally pruinose; sporidia oblong-ovate. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 50. Buxh. iv. t. 29, /. 1. Bull. t. 154,/. 2. Sow. t. 5. Sv. Bot. t. 486, /. 2. (SchcBff. t. 274, var.) Fng.Fl.Y.jy. 1S8. Amongst grass. [United States.] Sporidia 'OiS-'Oie X -OOe-'OO/ m.m (-0005 X "0002 in.)— 3>^. Sporidia 'O06-"007 m.m. broad, 1-1^ times as long. — G. djU. 1972. Feziza succosa. Be7'k. " Pale Milky Peziza." Cup nearly regular, entire, pale waxy-brown, externally white and pruinose ; juice bright yellow ; asci elongated, slightly flexuose ; sporidia ovate, with two nuclei. — Be?-!:. Ann. X.H. no. 156, 1. 10,/. 5. Berh. Outl. p. 363. 2f 2 668 ELVELLACET. On the ground, in gardens. Norths. [Low. Carolina.] Cup one in. in diameter, hemispherical or subglobose, with the margin in- curved, within of a pale waxy brown, without paler and mealy. The flesh when broken pours out a yellow juice. — M. J. B. 1973. Peziza leporina. Batsch. " Brown* ear Peziza." Substipitate, elongated on one side, ear-shaped, sub-ferrugi- nous, externally farinose, internally, and base even. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 47. Schceff. t. 156. FL Dan. t 1077,/. 2. FcJd. exs. no. 1233. Nees.f. 278. Holms, ii. t. 6. Rahh. F.E. no. 512. Otidealeporina. Fckl. Sym. Mycp. 329. On the ground, in wood. Sometimes cinereous or yellowish; sporidia ("0006 in.) '015 m.m. long, with curved paraphyses. Sporidia -OlS-'OSl X •009--014 m.m.— i\>Z. Sporidia ellipsoid •018--03 X "OOQ-OU m.m. with one or two nuclei ('0006- •0011 X -OOOSS-'OOOS in.- A"ars<. Sporidia -OOQ'OIS m.m. broad, and about twice as long.— (?. c& R, 1974. Peziza onotica. P. " Orange-ear Peziza." Substipitate, elongated on one side, ear-shaped, externally mealy, internally rosy or orange, base at length rugose ; sporidia oblong-ovate. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 48. FL Boruss. ^.396. Sturm, iii. 1. 16. Sv. Bot. t. 436,/. 1. P. leporina. Sow. t. 79. Eng.Fl. v.jy. 187. Rahh. F.E. no. 215. Otidea onotica. Fckl. Sym. Myc^y. 329. On the ground, in woods. Rare. Coed Coch. [Mid. Carolina.] Cup 3-4 in. high; sporidia 'Oll-'OIS X 'OOZ-'OOQ m.m.—Nyl. Sporidia ellipsoid, •015-'021 X •008-"011 m.m. with one or two nuclei.— Karst. Sporidia ('0005 in.) '0127 m.m. long. 1975. Peziza aurantia. Fr. " Orange Ground Peziza." Suhsessile, irregular, oblique, orange, externally somewhat pruinose, whitish ; sporidia elliptic, rough. — Fr. S.M.ii. p.4,^. Sterb. t. 26, f. D. Scha^ff. 1. 148. Bull. t. 474. FL Dan.t 667,/. 2. Fckl. exs. no. 1228. Kees.f. 179. Batsch. f. 157. FL Boruss. L 384. Holms, ii. t.7. P. coccinea. Sow. t. 78. Bolt. 1. 100. Cooke B.F. front. Huss. i. t. 37. Eng. FL v. p. 187. Gonn. ^ Rahh.iu. t. 2,/. 3. Aleuria aurantia. Fckl.Sym.3Iyc.p.32b. On the ground, in woods. Common. [Cincinnati.] ELVELLACEI. 669 At first hemispherical, with a short stem, margin almost involute, at length split, curled, and flexuous, of the clearest orange within; externally ale, mealy, with minute sparkling granules. -Eag. Fl. Sporidia ellipsoid, -OlJ-Oie X 'OOS-Olm m. ( 00i--005 X -OOOSin.) with two nuclei. — Karst, Sporidia 020--023 X -OOQ-'Oll m.m.-G*. dfciZ. 1976. Peziza luteo-nitens. B. d: Br. " Bright Yellow Peziza," Crowded, bright yellow ; cups concave, nearly regular, at length flexuose ; asci linear : sporidia elliptic, with two nuclei ; paraphyses filiform; apices slightly clavate. — B. Sf Br. Ann. N.H. no. 556. Berk. Outl.p. 364. On the bare ground. Rare. King's Cliffe. Bright orange yellow, when very young globose, then concave, gradually becoming irregular, and at length flexuous, smooth externally, ^-^ in. broad, resembling at first sight stunted specimens of P. aurantia, but essentially different, not only as proved by the habit, but the smooth, not ec -liniilate or pointed sporidia. — ^.i*i)r. 1977. Peziza fibrillosa. Curr. "Woolly Orange Peziza." Cup 1 in. broad, nearly sessile, irregular, orange, clothed ex- ternally with dingy-white downy fibrillaj, which form a rather dense tomentose edging to the cup ; spores quite smooth, ellip- tical without nuclei ; paraphyses filiform, enlarged spherically at the apex, — Curr Linn. Trans, xxiv. j). 153. On the ground. Oct., 1861. Hanham wood. In some of the asci I noticed a cupulate depression at the summit. Allied to P. aurantia, from which it difi'ers in the woolly external covering, and smooth sporidia. Sporidia ( 0006--0007 in.) -015. '017 m.m. long.— P. C. Sect. 3. Cupulares. Subsessile, regular. ♦ Pustulates. 1978. Peziza xepanda. Wahl. " Spreading Peziza." Large, incised, waved, brown, internally somewhat wrinkled, brown, externally farinose, whitish ; base elongated, rooting ; sporidia oblong-ovate, rough. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 51. Jacq. Misc. t. 10. Grev. t.6d. Eng. Fl. v. p. 188. Pers. Ic. Pict. t. 20,/. 2 ? Pli- caria repanda. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 328. On the ground, and stumps. Variable in size ; pileus when splitting never convolute. Sporidia •010--014 X 'OOG-OOZ m.m.—Nyl. 1. Sporidia -Olo-'OIS X -OOS-'OOQ m.m. (•OOOo-'OOOG X '0003 in.) — A^y^. 2. 670 ELVELLACEI. 1979. Peziza cerea. Sow. " Waxy Peziza." Large, infundibuliform, waved, yellowish, externally whitish, as well as the villous, stem-like base. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 52. Sow. t.d. Eng.FI.y.p.lSS. Plicaria cerea. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p.^21 . Gonn. ^ Eabh. iii. t. 2,/. 1. Fckl. exs. no. 1225. On tan beds, &c. Rare. Abundantly on leaves, &c., in a hothouse, at Uffington, Lincolnshire. March. Very brittle. Sporidia ellipsoid, •017--018 X -OOZ-'OOg m.m. (-0006 X •00027--00035in.) — Kyi. Karst. Sporidia ellipsoid, •008-"009 m.m. broad, and about twice as long. — O. cL- R. 1980. Peziza vesiculosa. Bull. " Bladdery Peziza." Large, entire, sessile, at first globose, somewhat top-shaped, connivent ; then campanulate ; mouth subcrenate, pallid brown, externally furfuraceous ; sporidia elliptic. — Fr. S.M, ii. p. 52. BuU.t.A67,f.l. Mwh.t.S6,f.2. Sow.t.4.. Grev.t. 107. Bolt. 1. 175 ? Eng.Fl. v. p. 188. Pustularia vesiculosa. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 329. On dung-hills, hot-beds, &c. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] The hymenium is generally separable from the substance of the cup. Sporidia ('0009 in.) '022 m.m. long. Sporidia ellipsoid, •017--022 X -009-014 m.m. (•0006--0007 X •00035.-0004 in.—yyl.) Sporidia ellipsoid •016--022 X 'OOg-'OOi m.m.— Karst. Sporidia *011-'014 m.m. broad, and twice as long. — G. . 345, t. 98. Fckl. exs. no. 2196. Sarcosphcera macrocalyx. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p.Z'2^. Under fir trees. March. " It is found underground, in forests of fir trees, singly or from two to five together ; in its progressive development it rises about half out of the ground. At first it is closed, but later it splits, star like, from the top downwards to the middle of its cups, or sometimes even further down still into from 7 to 10 more or less pointed strips. The exterior is of a dirty pale blue, clothed with a thin white transient fur, and at the base of the cup is a short stem. In large specimens the cup is three inches high and broad, deeply cup- shaped, with the rim at length bent outwards. The hymenium is at first pale, and later a darker violet. Sporidia *025 m.m. \ong.~Freseiiiui,. eltellacei. 671 1982. Peziza bufonia. Pers. •'• Warty Brown Peziza." Large, bright brown, externally verrncose ; stem sbort, root- ing, becoming pallid. — Pers. M.E. p. 225. Berk. Gard. Chron. Jan. 13, 1866. B. ^- Br. Ann. iV.R. (1866), no. 1151, t. 3, /. 12. On rubbish heaps. Grantham. A fine species, agreeing in size and colour with P. umhrhw,. eslemally rough, with conical warts, opaque, and of a dingy earth-colour, somewhat resembling P. ve.?icidosa, but distinguished by the brown hymenium and verrucose cup, Sporidia ("OOOZo-'OOOS in.) •013-"02 m.m. long.— £. ^ Br. 1983. Peziza micropus. Pers, " Short-footed Peziza." Middle-sized, oblique, dingy, pallid, externally squamulose, mealy ; base stem-like ; asci very long, cylindrical ; sporidia oblong-ovate, with two nuclei. — Fr. S.M. ii. t. 51. Pers. Ic. ^ Des.t.S,f.b. Berk. Outl.t. 22, f. 0. Pustidaria micropus. FcJd. Sym. Myc.p. 328. s On beech stumps. Bare. [Mid. Carolina.] 1984. Peziza trachycarpa. Ciirr. " Eough-spored Peziza." Orbicular, then plane, very often umbilicate ; disc blackish- brown, rough, tuberculate, extenially minutely granulated ; sporidia uniseriate, globose, muricate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiy. t. 51, f. 3. B. ^' Br. Ann. X.H. (1865) no. 1061, t. xiv. /. 13. Rahh. exs. no. 620. On burnt soil. Ascot. Cups \-\ in. broad, adpressed to the soil, sub-stipitate, or obconic ; spori- dia uniseriate, globose, muricate, brown, ■012-'016 m.m. ('OOOo-'OObZ in.) % diameter. Though the sporiiiia are brown under the microscope, when thrown down on black paper they are of a whitish-grey. * 1985. Peziza leiocarpa. Curr. " Smopth-spored Peziza." Cup at first connivent, sub-globose, externally (principally towards the margin) rough, vinous-brown, thin, semi-pellucid, sometimes pallid near the base, at length expanded, almost plane ; hymenium olive-brown ; sporidia globose, even. — Curr. Linn. Trans. i^x.iy.t. 61, f. 6.B.^Br.Ann.jSl'.H.[186D)no.l062, f. xiv.y*. 14. Pahh. exs. no. 622. On burnt soil. Ascot. Weybridge. Cup 1^-21 in. broad ; hymenium at first pale, then dark olive-brown ; sporidia uni-or biseriate, globose, perfectly even, '0076-"01m.m. (■0003-"0004 in.) diameter. Eesembling at first P. jjn^tulata.—BaUch 672 ELVELLACEI. 1986. Peziza pustulata. Pers. " Dingy Peziza." Sessile, siibglobose, pallid, someTvhat dingy, externally whitish, mealy ; margin entire ; sporidia oblong-ovate ; ej)ispore granu- lose. — Fr. S.M. ii. /;. 55. Hedw. Mus. f. r. t. 6, /. A. Batsch.f. 157. Fckl. exs. 710. 1227. Plicaria pustulata, FcJd. Sym. Myc. p. 327. On the ground. Rare. [Mid. Carolina.] . 1987. Peziza ladula. B. ^^ Br. "Black warted Peziza." Large, cup-shaped, sessile, at length depressed, externally black and rough with sub-equal warts, vinous-brown vrithin ; sporidia globose, tuberculate. — B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. p. 11 . Berk. Outl. p. 364. On the ground in woods. Rare. Near Bristol. Cup depressed, sessile, nearly an in. across, black externally, broken into nearly equal, distinct, sub -conical warts, like those of Genea ferrucosa. Hymenium of a dark vinous brown ; asci large, obtuse ; sporidia large, glo- bose, containing a single nucleus, rough with obtuse, distinct tubercles; parapbyses septate, with the ultimate articulation clavate. — B.&Br. 1988. Peziza viridaria. B.S)Br. " Greenish Peziza." Middle-sized; mycelium floccose, expanded, white; cups at first globose, then hemispherical, at length expanded, watery- grey, externally rough with brown furfuraceous particles ; asci linear ; sporidia widely elliptic. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 555. Berk. Outl. p. 364. On damp walls and water butts. Rare. King's Cliffe. Cups at first globose, tben hemispherical, at length expanded, |-^ in. broad, pale watery brown or cinereous, sessile, springing from a white cottoiiy efi"used stratum.— B. 6: Br. ** Pruinosce. 1989. Peziza cazbonaxia. A. ^^ S, " Charcoa' Peziza." Globoso-campanulate, even, reddish-ochre, externally sub- pruinose ; margin mealy or crenate. — Fr. S.M. ii, p. 64. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. (1865), no. 1063, t. 15,/. 15. Rabh. F.E.no. 622. Gonn. ^' Rahh. iii. t. A,f. 4. On burnt ground. Ascot. Gregarious, thin, fragile, 3-8 lines broad, almost smooth, sometimes sessile, ' sometimes elongated into a slender stem ; colour variable, more or less in- tense, when young almost vermillion internally ; asci cylindrical, narrow ; sporidia elliptic, smooth; paraphyses narrowly clavate. ELVELLACEI. 673 Sporidia ellipsoid -OlS-'Ol? X OOe-'OOO m.m.— .Vv?. Sporidia ellipsoid '013-'017 X '006-009 m.m. COOOS-'OOOG X •00023.-00035 in. — Karst. Sporidia 'Oil m.m. broad, and twice as long. - G.&R. 1990. Peziza cupularis. L. " Scalloped Peziza." Sub-sessile, thin, globoso-campanulate, fawn coloured, or pallid, externally farinose ; margin crenate. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 62. B. ^. Br. Ann. X.H. no. 308. Vaill. t. 11,/. 173. FcJd. exs. no. 1878. Bull. t. 696,/. 3. Fers. Ohs.ii.t. 4.,f.6,7. Eng.Fl.Y.p. 189. Gonn. ^- Rahh.'iu. t. 4,/. 1. Pustularia cupularis, FcJd. Sym. Myc. p. 328. On the ground in gardens. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Sometimes yellowish. Stem \ in. high, |tli in. thick, sometimes obsolete. Pi'eus pale buff, thin, transparent, scalloped at the edge, shaped like the cup of an acorn, about 1 in. in diameter. — Withering. Sporidia ellipsoid, •014--02 X •01--012 m.m. (-OOOS-'OOO? X '0003 in.) — Karst. Sporidia •01-*012 m.m. broad, and about twice as long.- G'. d;R. 1991. Peziza saniosa. Schrad. "Brown-milky Peziza." Sessile, concave, milky, purplish-brown, externally pulveru- lent, umber ; asci linear ; sporidia oval, with two nuclei. — Fr. S.M. \\. p. 66. Schrad. Journ. 1199, p. 6\. Berk. Mag. Zool. ^ Bot.no.S7,t.7,f.2. On ground overrun with ThelejyJwra sehacea. Autumn. King's Cliffe. 1992. Peziza argillacea. Sow. *' Clay Peziza." Sessile, yellowish, even, at first urceolate, at length cracked and torn, rooting at the base, and hairy.— i^r. S.M. ii. p. 6)6. Sow. t. 148. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 190. On modelling clay. Pileus 2 in. broad, held to the clay by very fine, attenuated, cobweb-like fibres from the sides, as it were, to assist the little knobby x ooi.— Sowerhy . Observed only by Sowerby. 1993. Peziza cornubiensis. B. ^^ Br. " Downy-base Peziza." Middle sized, sessile, fixed by down ; margin alone free, some- what flattened, minutely villous externally ; hymenium orange ; asci sub-cylindrical ; sporidia oblong, rather rough. — Berlc. Outl.p. 366. Ann. X.H. no. 767. On manured ground. Penzance. 2f 5 674 ELVELLACET. Sessile, f in. broad, depressed, attached to tlie soil by villous down ; mar- ^n free, clothed with delicate, obtuse, articulate hairs; hymenium orange; sporidia (•OOOy-'OOOZ in.) •022--0177 m.m. long. -j5. <{; £r. Sect. 4. Humaria — small, somewhat fleshy, margin snb- flocculose. 1994. Feziza xutilans. Fr. " Splendid Peziza." Snb-sessile, middle-sized, campanulate, then expanded, ex- ternally finely pubescent, pallid ; disc orange red; sporidia at length echinnlate. — Fr. S.M.ii.p. 68. Bay. Syn.p. 19, 7^o. 14. Karst. exs. no. 527. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 116. Fckl. exs. no. 1222. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 190. Peziza huinosa, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 768, ^.3,/. 13, no. 1154. Berh. Eng. Fl. v. p. 191. Sow. t. 369,/: 2. Bolt. ^. 101,/. 1. Purt. t.26. P. leucoloma, Sturm. t.\l . On the ground. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia (-OOOg-'OOl in.) •022--025 m.m. long (•0004--0005 in.) •01--0125 m. m. broad when perfectly developed, strongly echinulate with one or more nuclei. Cups nearly ^ in. broad, at first round, even, disciform, at length somewhat lobed and crisped, thick and fleshy, in vertical section o^conic ; margin pale, but not involute ; disc of a full orange, externally paler, very minutely pulverulent. Sporidia rough with granules, •021-"027 X "OlS-'OlG m.m. — Nyl. Karst. 1993. Feziza xnelaloma. A. <|' S. " Black-edged Peziza." Sessile, crowded, concave, then nearly plane, dingy-orange, marsfin furnished with very delicate black hairs ; spores ellip- soidT— ^. ^' S. t. 2,/. 5. Fr. S.M. ilp. 69. Eng. Fl. v. p. 190. Ann. N.H. no. 88. Karst. exs. no. 550. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 123. Eahh.F.E. no. 723. FcJd. exs. no. 1221. Pyronema melalomum. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 319. On charcoal. [Up. Carolina.] Paraphyses numerous, thickened at their apices. Sporidia ellipsoid, •014--018 X 'OOS-'OOQ m.m.— Nyl. Sporidia elhpsoid, •015--018 X -OOZ.-OOe m.m.— ^ars^ 1936. Feziza erecta. Sow. " Cylindrical Peziza." Sessile, crowded, subcylindrical, smooth, yellowish, at length dilated, mouth erect, subciliate. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 69. Sow. t. 369, /. 10, 11. Eng.Fl.Y.p.ldA. On shaded ground. Cup 2 lines high, oblong and upright, but sometimes short and clumsy, often spreading, sometimes destitute of hairs, sometimes ciliated, sometimes furnished with both hairs and cilia, varying from deep red to greenish yellow and pale yellow. — Sou-erhy. ELVELLACEI. 675 1997. Peziza polytrichi. Schum. " Heath Peziza." Subsessile, orbicular, somewhat concave, vermillion, externally- paler, furnished with fasciculate flocci ; sporiclia sphseroid. — Fr. S.M.n.p.lO. B.^'Br.Ann.X.H. no. 1 J 56*. Fl. Dan.t.l^lQ, f. 1. Karst.Mon.Pez.p. 121. Gnnn. 4' Bahh. t. 4=,/. 3. On heaths. Scotland. Paraphyses clavate above, and orange-brown, ^annlose. Sporidia sphoerical, at first finely granulated, "Oll^'OlG m.m. — y^i/l. Karst. 1998. Peziza aggregata. B.^-Br. "Crowded Peziza." Gregarious, confluent, obconical, orange, whitish tomentose at the base ; hvmenium concave ; sporidia fusiform. — B. t)'- Br. Ann, N.H. (1866), no. 1155. On heathy ground. Berwick. The peculiar crowded habit and fusiform sporidia ('0008 in.) '02 m m. long by (•0003 in.) "007 m.m. wide, easily distinguish this species. 1999. Peziza subhirsuta. Schum. " Hirsute Peziza." Sessile, gregarious, nearly plane, orange-yellow, paler beneath, clothed with a few scattered, almost obsolete, hairs; asci linear; sporidia smooth, elliptic, enucleate ; paraphyses slightly clavate. Fr.S.M.n.p.lO. B. 4-. Br. Ann. N.H. (IS66), no A166,t. 3,/. 14. Fl. Dan. t. 1787,/. 2. Karst. Man. Fez. p. 123. Desm. exs. i. no. 4:0)2. Fckl.exs.no. 1220. Pyronemasuhhirsutuni. FcJd. Sym. Myc.p.^20. On the ground. Batheaston. Sporidia f'OOOGin. long\ ■014-"02 m.m. long, "OS-'Ol m.m. broad, Sporidia elHpsoid •015--02 X •0<:»8 '01 m.m.— .Xyl Sporidia elhpsoid, •014--02 X -OOS-'Ol m.m.— Karst. 2000. Peziza leucoloma. Reh. ''White-edged Peziza." Sessile, scattered, concave, then plane, red, margin minutely laciniate, white ; sporidia ellipsoid. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 71. Hedw. t. 4:,/. A. Nees.f.268. Fng. Fl.y.p. 191. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1156*, t. 3,/. 16, no. 768. Karst. exs. no. 537. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 122. FcJd. exs. no. 1219. Gonn. 4' Babh. iii. t. 4,/. 7. Cooke exs. no. 229. Leucoloma Hedgwigii. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 317. On the ground. Sporidia (•OOOG-'OOOS in.) •09--013 m.m. long (-0004 in.) -OS-'Oll m.m. wide. — Ko rsf. Sporidia sphserical, •011-'013 m.m. diameter. — G. d:^It, 676 ELVELLACEl. 2001. Peziza humosa. Ft. "Ground Peziza." Sessile, fleshy, concave, then plane, smooth, blood-red, margin quite entire; sjioridia variable in size; paraphyses highly de- veloped, clavate at the tips, often furcate, or bearing curious processes at their side. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 71. Eng. Fl. v. p. 191. Fl. Dan. t. 056,/. 2. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1156*, t. 3,/. 15. Batsch.f. 220 ? Bolt. 1. 101,/. 1. Sow. t. 369,/. 2. P. punicea. Purt. t. 25. P. PolytricU. B. ^ Br. Ann. H.N. no. 768, ^. 16, /. 14*. Crouania Jinmosa. FcJcl. Sym. Myc.p.o20. On the ground. Sporidia (•0C06--001 in. long, by 'OOOS-'OOOS in. wide), •015--025m.m.long, by "OOZ-'Ol m.m. wide. 2002. Peziza Wrightii. Berh. ^^ Curt. " Wright's Peziza." Cups hemispherical, at length plane, carmine, externally fur- furaceous, granulated ; sporidia globose or subglobose, when young even, adult echinulate; paraphyses slender, branched. — 'Ann. N.H. 1865, no. 1064, t. xv./. 16. On trunks of trees, covered with Hypnum serpens, March. Bodelwyddan. [Texas, U.S.] Sporidia COOOiS.-OOOe in.) -Ol-'OIS m.m. diameter. 2003. Peziza gluxnaxuxn. Desm. " Chaff Peziza." Delicate, crowded, when young conico-globose, clad with white flocci, at length concave, somewhat flat, smooth, flexuous, orange-yellow, margin sublaciniate, whitish ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia ovate. — Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. ii. vol. xx. p. 129. Desm. exs. no. 1054, ii. 7io. 454. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 768. On chaff in a farm-yard. Dec. Batheaston. Sporidia •016-023 X •009--011 m.m.-Nyl. 2004. Peziza omphalodes. Bull. " Charcoal Peziza." Sessile, crowded, cups minute, nearly plane, sub-umbilicate, clothed with fugacious white down ; asci clavate ; sporidia ellip- tic.— Fr. S.M. ii.^. 75. Bull. t. 485, /. 1. Gonn. ^ Rabh. iii. t. 3, / 6. Fckl. exs. no. 121^. Cooke exs.no. ^2Q. Bahh. F.E. no. 268, 708. Pers. Obs. ii. t. 5,/. 6, 7. Karst. exs. no. 256. Karst. Mon. Pez. p. 120. Desm. exs. i. no. 428. Thelephoracarbonaria. Eng. Fl.Y.p.16'^. Pyronema marianum. Cams. Berk. Mag. Zool. ^ Bot. no. 9. Nov. Act. Curz. xvii. t. 27. Pyronema omphalodes. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 39. Pyronema conjluens. Tul. Carp. iii. p. 197. ELYELLACEI, 677 On burnt soil. [IVIid. & Up. Carolina.] Asci highly developed ; paraphyses containing globose, orange-coloured granules. Sporidia ellipsoid, •011--015 X •007-'008ni.m.— ^ars^. Sporidia ellipsoid, •Oll-'OIS X 'UOZ-.OOSd m.m.~G. d- R. 2005. Peziza granulata. Bull. " Granulated Dung Feziza." Sessile, minute, nearly plane, orange-red, externally granu- lated with papillae ; asci clavate, obtuse ; sporidia broadly ellip- tic ; paraphyses orange-rod ; ^apices clavate. — Fr.S.M. ii. p. 67. Ray, Syn. t. 24,/. 2. Vaill't. 15,/. 14. Fl. Dan. t. 655,/. 2. Bull. t. 438,/. 3. Eng.Fl. y.p. 190. Desm. exs. no. 210. Asco- holus granulatus. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 287. On cow dung. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Gregarious, at first globose, at length flat ; orifice crenate, varying some- what in colour, but generally of a clear orange-red, externally granulated from the projection of the cellular tissue, furfuraceous. — Eng. Fl. Sporidia ellipsoid, •014--018 X -Our-'OOO m.m.—Nyl. Sporidia ellipsoid, •0U--018 X -Our-'OOO m.m. (•0005--OOOG X •00027--00035 iu.) — Karst. 2006. Feziza brunneo-atra. Bam. "Brown Black Peziza." Sessile, solitary, nearly plane, entire, fleshy, fragile, smooth, brown-black ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia ovate, subhyaline, mi- nutely echinulate. — Ann. Sc. iVa^. (1836). vi./?. 244. Desm. exs. no. 826, ii. no. 26. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. (1866J, no. 1157, t. 4,/. 18. On the ground. Leigh wood. Sporidia (-OOOr-'OOOQ in.) •017--022 m.m. long. Many modern authors include this with Peziza hadia. 2007. Peziza salxnonicolor. B.. d: Br, Sect. 5. Encmlia — more or less coriaceous. 2009. Peziza fascicularis. A. d: S. " Crisped Peziza." Caaspitose, sessile, membranaceous or coriaceous, irregular, rugose, blackish, externally rather mealy ; sporidia cylindrical, oblong. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 75. FcJd. exs. no. 1128. Berk, exs.no. 154. A.^ S.t.l2J.'2. Eng.Fl.Y.p.m. Eabh. F.E. no. 721. Karst. exs. no. ^^.Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 129. Dermatea fascicularis, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 278. P. crispa, Sow. t. 425./. 1, 2. Furt. t. 7. On branches, bursting through the bark. Cup 2-4 lines broad, generally in tufts resembling inform tbe convolutions of the human brain, but sometimes scattered and solitary, growing upon the bark, not upon the wood, beneath the epidermis. —^/t^^. Fl. Sporidia oblong, curved, •011--016 X '0035 m.m. — jyyi. Sporidia cylindrico-oblong, -OH-'Oie X '003 m.m.— ^ars^ 2010. Peziza fuxfuracea. Fr. " Branny Peziza." Sessile, between fleshy and coriaceous, externally pallid, mealy; margin inyolute, entire ; disc cinnamon-blackish. — Fr. S.M. ii. p.lQ. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 192. Eoth.ii.t. 9,f.8. Karst. exs. no. 326. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 129. FcJd. exs. no. 1842. Bav. exs. vi. no. 86. Dermateafurfuracea, FcJd. Sym. Myc.p. 278. On alder branches. Varying greatly in size from 1| lines to | an in. broad. Sporidia subcylindrical, curved, •006--01 X "002 m.m. (•00023--0003 X •00007 in.) with 2-5 nucleoli.— ^ars^ 2011. Peziza fraxinicola. B. & Br. " Ash-twig Peziza." Scattered or clustered ; cups externally pale-fawn colour, fur- furaceous, internally brown; hymenium slightly depressed; sporidia uniseriate, elliptic. — B. ^ Br. Ann, N.H. (1866), no. 1160, ^.4,/. 21. On ash twigs. Northamptonshire. Cups at first closed, then opening with an irregular aperture, at length orbicular, slightly depressed, pale fawn colour, and furfuraceous externally, umber-brown within ; asci elongated, clavate ; sporidia uniseriate, elliptic (•00045 in.) -012 m.m. long.— ^.cfc^r. ELVELLACEI. 679 Series 2. Laclmea, Fr. Veil distinct, decidedly villous, or pilose, persistent ; cup, in consequence, bristly or liairy, always closed when young ; sub- stance waxy, firm, rarely fleshy. — Berk. Outl.p. 367. Fleshy, or between fleshy and waxy . . , Sarcoscyphce. Waxy, dry, externally villous .... Dasyscyphce. Nestling on a dense mycelium .... Tapesia. Externally fibrose- striate, with adpressed hairs . Fibrina. Sect. 1. SarcoscyphcB — fleshy, or between fleshy & waxy. 2012. Feziza coccinea. Jacrp " Carmine Peziza.'' Cup infundibuliform, externally, as well as the stem, whitish, tomentose, with short, adpressed down; -disc carmine; sporidia oblong. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 79. Jacq. Autr. 1. 169. Eng. Fl. v. p. 192. Bolt. t. 104:. FcJd. exs. no.l2l3. Biixb. iv.t. 29, f. 4. Nees. f. 288. Batt. t. 3,/. N.O. Ray. Syn. lii.p. 19. no. 15. Grev. 1. 161. P. epidendra, Bull. t. 469. Sow. t. 13. P.2')ocul{formis, Iloffm. Cr. t. 7, /. 5. Gonn. 8^ Rahh. iii. t. 4,/. 5. Plectania coccinea, FcJcl. Sym.Myc.p. 324. On sticks. Spring. Local. [Up. Carolina.] Cup 1 in. or more broad, deep carmine within ; stem 5-I in. high. Sporidia ellipsoid oblong, •028--038 X •011-'014 m.m.—Xyl. Karst, Sporidia •012-'014 m.m. broad, and about twice as long. — G. ^R. 2013. Peziza melastoma. Sow. " Black and red Peziza." Cup fleshy ; disc urceolate, black, externally brick-red floc- culose ; stem short, rooting by means of thick black, strigose down.— />. >S.J/. ii. p. 80. Soiv.t.U9. Eng.Fl.Y.p.l92. FcJcl. exs. no. 1214, 1215. A. ^ S. t. l,f. 4. P. atro rufa. Grev. t. 315. Plectania melastoma, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 324. On sticks lying on the ground. Rare. This species varies greatly as to degree of pubescence, being sometimes almost naked, sometimes beset with down, or even bristly hairs; the base, however, is always furnished with long, black, rooting, strigose filaments. — Enrj.Fl. Asci very long, stipitate ; sporidia oblong, hyaline. — FcJd. 2014. Peziza pygxnea. Fr. " Furze Peziza." Cup concave, at length plane, orange externally, as well as the somewhat thickened stem, tomentose, pallid; sporidia small, fusiform, without nuclei. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 79. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. f 1865;, no. 1066, 1. 15,/. 18, no. 1160*, t. 4,/. 22. 680 ELYELLACEI, Oq dead twigs of Ulex^ buried in the sandy soil. Noy. Ascot. Cup 3-6 lines broad. The stem varies in length according to the depth at ■which the twig is buried. Sporidia uniseriato, linear-oblong (-OOOS-'OOOGin.) long ; about \ in. high when full grown, stipitate, the stem branching out or dividing into several heads, which form cups. The cups are often pro- liferous, producing smaller cups on their surface, of a bright apricot colour, but whitish towards the margin. — B, ^' Br. 2015. Peziza radiculata. Sow. " Eooting Peziza.'' Subcfespitose, fleshy, sessile, hemisplierical, then expanded ; disc sulphureous externally, as well as the thick root, white, yillons.— Fr. S.M. i\.p. 81. Sow. t. 114. Eng. FL y.p. 192. B. ^ Br.Ann.N.H. (1866), no. 1160*, ^. 4,/. 23. Rahh. exs.no. Ql^, In fir wood. Jedburgh. Sporidia ('0005 in.) "0127 m.m. long, rather broad, binucleate. — 5. ^ Br. Somewhat reticulated externally, with irregular prominent veins, 1 in. or more broad.— -^ft^. Fl. 2016. Peziza hexnispherica. ^Vigg. " Hemispherical Peziza." Sessile, hemispherical, waxy, externally brownish, clothed with dense, fasciculate hairs ; disc glaucous -white. — Fr. S.M. ii. ;?. 84. FcJd.exs. no. 12U. Eng. Fl. v. p. W3. Mich. t. S6,f.4:. Bull.t.20A,nd6,f.2. Fl. Dan. 1. 1668,/. 2,656, f.l. Hedw.u. t. 4,/. B. Schceff. i. 151, t. 319. Hoffm. Cr. ii. t. l,f. 6. P. Mspida, Sow. t. 147. P hirsuta Holms, ii.t. 19. Humaria liemispthcerica, Fchl. Sym. Myc.p. 322. On the ground. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] Cup 2 lines — 1 in. broad, varying much in colour. Sporidia ellipsoid •023-026 X 'OU-'OIS m.m.— iVy^. Earst. 2017. Peziza lanuginosa. Bull. " Woolly Peziza." Cup broad, thin, waxy, fragile, sessile, ferruginous beneath, woolly, of a greyish-white within, cup-shaped ; sporidia shortly and bluntly fusiform. — Bull. t. 396,/. 2. var. Sumneri. Cup at length radiato-fissured ; margin when young narrow, naked. — B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. (1866) no. 1161,^.4,/. 25. Under cedars and larch. Jan. — May. A large and magnificent species, acquiring frequently a diameter of 2 in. and combining in some measure the characters of P. sepvJfa and P. hemis- pherica, from both of which it differs in the subfusiform fruit. In plants which are just open a delicate veil is often found stretched over the orifice. ELVELLACEI. 681 At first entirely buried, then forcing its way through the soil, and splitting into several lobes, like a Gecister, which it much resembles from its thick B'xbstance. The outer coat is densely clothed with flexuous hairs, the spori- dia are shortly and bluntly fusiform. — B. d; Br. 2018. Peziza geaster. B. S; Br. "Starry Pezlza." Brown ; cup sub-globose, floccose, at length fissured in a radiate manner ; asci linear ; sporidia elliptic ; paraphvses clavate.— ^.^- Br. Ann. X.H. (1866), no. 956 and 1162, t. •!,/ 26 (not Gonn. 4' Bahli. iii. t. S,f. 5.) On the ground. Oct. "Wentwortli. About an in. across ; hairs flexuous, branched, articulated, often giving out little curved, hyaline processes, with a few straight bristles intermixed. Hymenium brown ; paraphyses clavate ; sporidia elliptic, with the ends very sFightly attenuated (-0009 in.) "022 m.m. long.— ^. 4' Br, At first referred in error to Gopi/xis. — A/in. X.H. no. 95G. 2019. Peziza sepulta. Fr. " Broken Peziza.'" Hypogaeous, globose, clothed with dense woolly fibres ; hy- meniuiu at length exposed by the rupture of the upper portion ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia elliptic, with one, two, or sometimes several nuclei. — Fr.M.SS. Ann. N.H. no. 766. Berk. Outl.p. 365. On the ground. Xov. East Bergliolt. One or two in. across, the upper portion often breaking off irregularly, and 80 exposing the disc. — This is a far coarser species than P. Geaster. Sporidia (•0009 in. by "0004 in.) -022 X -01 m.m.-^. <^- Br. 2020. Peziza brunnea. A. ^^ S. " Brown Peziza." Sessile, hemispherical, then depressed, sub-flexuose, brown, externally hairy, with short fasciculate hairs. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 85. ^. (|- 5. ^ 9,/. 8. Enj.Fl.Y. p. Id3. Sturm.ii.t.Ul Fckl. exs. 1217. P. hyhrida. Sow. t. 369, /. 1. Humaria brunnea. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 323. On the ground. [Mid. Carolina.] Cups 1-3 lines broad, often flexuous by reason of the dense mode of growth, when young subglobose, but soon more expanded and depressed, hairs less distinct, scarcely cihating. — Fries. Sporidia sphserical, •013-*017 m.m. — Xyl. KariU 2021. Peziza hirta. Sch. " Hairy brown Peziza." Sessile subhemispherical, externally brown, hairy, margin somewhat inflexed, internally scarlet ; sporidia elliptic, smooth. —Fr. S.M.n.p. 84. Mich. t. 96,/. 14. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. bblj 768. P. umhrosa. Rahh. exs. no. 1011. 682 ELVELLACEI. On the ground. Sporidia ('0009 in.) "022 m.ra. long, by ('0005 in.) '0127 m.m. wide. Other specimens "0006 by "0003 in. Differing from P. trechispora in its smooth ellip- tic sporidia. 2022. Feziza trechispora. B. 8f Br. " Eough-spored Peziza." Depressed, nearly plane, orange-red, externally clothed with pallid, tawny bristles ; si)oridia globose, echinulate. — B. <^' Br. Ann. N.H. xviii.^?. 77. Cooke exs. no. 288. On naked ground in woods, or wet banks of rivulets. King's Cliffe. Bristol, &c. Cup J in. or more broad, depressed or slightly concave, orange, paler ex- ternally, and clothed -with rather rigid tawny bristles; asci elongated ; spo- ridia globose ('0008 in.) '02 m.m. diameter, sharply tuberculate. Paraphysea very slender, linear. Resembles P. scutellata, though distinguished at once by its very different sporidia. — M. J. B. 2023. Peziza vitellina. Pers. " Egg yellow Peziza." Subcfespitose, large, flexuose, bright yellow, margin setose. — Fr. S.M. Up. 84. Pers. M.E. p. 257. Eng. Fl. v. p. 193. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), no. 1163*, t. 4, /. 29. On the ground. Autumn. Appin, Wareham. Sporidia (-0009 in.) '022 m.m. long, by (-0005 in.) -0127 m.m. 2024. Peziza uznbrata. Fr. " Shady Peziza." Depressed, nearly plane, flesh-coloured or vermillion, clothed externally with short bay bristles ; sporidia subglobose, mi- nutely echinulate. — Fr. S. V.S.j^. 351. P. umbrosa. Fr. S.M. ii. p.^D. Mich.t.86,f.l9. B.4'Br.Ann.N.H.(1866),no.ll63,t. 4,/. 28. Eabh.F.E. no. 217. Humaria umhrorum. FcTcl. Sym, Myc. p. 322. On the ground. Berwick. Sporidia ('0008 in.) '02 m.m. long ('0007 in.) '0177 m.m. wide. Paraphyses f* 1 fl V 3 f" P Sporidia ellipsoid, ■014--018 X •01--012 m.m.— ^ars^ 2025. Peziza scutellata. L. *' Shield-like Peziza." Becoming plane, yermilion-red, externally paler, hispid to- wards the margin with straight black hairs. — Fr. S.M. \i.p. 85. Ray. Syn.ed. 2, p. 2d, no. 4:1. Fckl. exs. no. 1210. Sow. t. 24. Bull. 1. 10. Fl. Dan. 1. 14:67,/. 2. Schwff.t. 284. Eng.Fl.y.p. 193. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 768. P. ciliata. Hoffm. Cr. ii. t. 7, ELVELLACEI. 683 /. 5. Holms, ii. t. 18. Heclw. t. 3,f. B. Humaria scuteUata. Fcld. Sym.Myc. p. 321. On stumps, &c. [United States.] Sporidia (-0008 in.) -02 m.m. long, by ('0005 in.) '0127 m.m. wide. Cups 3 lines broad. Sporidia ellipsoid, •018--024 X •010--014 m.m.— .V?/L Sporidia ellipsoid, •017-"024 X •010--014 m.m— Karst. 2026. Feziza coerulea. Bolt. " Blue Peziza." Soon becoming plane, cileated, externally blackish, hairs pal- lid ; disc coerulean blue. — F?\ S.M. ii. p. 86. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 193. Bolt. 1. 108,/. 2. On trunks of firs. Oct. Near Halifax. About 2 lines broad. 2027. Feziza livida. Sch. " Livid Peziza." Hemispherical, becoming plane, internally livid-glaucous, ex- ternally dingy, clothed with long strigose hairs. — Fr. S.2I. u. p. 86. Batsch. f. 154. Ann. N.H. no. 558. Fl. Dan. L 1915, /. 3. Humaria livida. Fchl. Sym. Myc.p.322. On fir chips. Lockerbie. A beautiful species witb the habit of P. scuteUata^ but with a livid disc?, and more convex. — B. cf* Br. 2028. Feziza stercorea. Pers. " Red dung Peziza." Gregarious, concave, dingy-red, beset near the margin, -with nearly straight brown hairs, ciliated. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 87. Enff. Fl. Y.p. 19-4. Bay. Syn. t. 24,/. 3. F. equina. Fl. Dan. t. 779,/ S. Sow. t. 662. Hedw.t.S,f.A. P. scuteUata. Bolt. 1. 108, f. 1. Bull. t. 438,/ 2. Humaria stercorea'. Fchl. Sym. Myc. p.321. On cow dung. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Paraphyses simple, not capitate as in P. granulata, which frequently ac- companies it ; setae jointed, yellowish, or greenish in decay, 1-2 lines broad. —Eng. Fl. Sporidia eUipsoid, •016--022 X -OOQ-'Ol m.Ta..—Nyl. Karst. 2029. Feziza theleboloides. A. S,^ S. "Hop Peziza." Spherical, then tub-shaped, whitish, mouth concave, dingy- vellowish, externally hispid, with pallid hairs ; asci linear ; spo- ridia elliptic— i^r. S.M.n.p. 88. A. ^ S. t. 12, f. 4. Ann. N.H. no. 1065, 1. 16, f. 17. On spent hops. [Mid. Carolina.] 684 ELVELLACEI. Cup at first obovate or subcylindrical, concave, and expanded, wlien mature, of a briplit orange colour within, beset externally with delicate, erect, white hairs, which are hyaline under the microscope, and seated at first on a deli- cate white subiculum, which disappears as the plant advances to maturity, and the cups become crowded. Sporidia ("OODS in.) "0127 m.m. long ("00025 in.) *0G5 m.m. wide.— ^. it Br. 2030. Feziza albo-spadicea. Grev. " Ked-brown and white Peziza." Sessile, gregarious, globose, at length quite plane ; external surface, and margin strigose, with reddish-brown hairs ; hymenium white. — Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 420. Eng. Fl. y.j). 194. On the ground. About 2 lines broad, globose when young, gradually becoming plane. Hymenium white, smooth, with a slight tinge of grey in moist weather ; ex- tei-nally covered with reddish-brown hairs, which form also a border to the hymenium. — Grev. Sect. 2. Das?/sct/phce. "Waxy, dry, externally villous. 2031. Peziza ciliazis. Schrad. ♦' Fringed white Peziza." Stijoitate, cyathiform, snow-white, externally beset with long scattered hairs. — Schrad. Journ.p. 65. Fr. S.M. i\.p. 89. FcJd. ea:s. wo. 1209. Ann. N.H. no.bo'd, Hycdopeziza ciliaris. Fckl. Sym.Myc.p. 298. On dead oak leaves. [Mid. Carolina.] Asci oblong, stipitate j sporidia fusiform, straight or curved, hyaline. — FcU. 2032. Peziza virginea. Batsch. "Virgin white Peziza." Stipitate, white, ^p hemispherical, externally beset with crowded patent hairs. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 90. Fckl. exs. no. 1208. Eng.Fl. Y.p.lU. Mich.t. 36,/. 15. Bull, t 376,/. 3. Fl.Dan. ?, 1016,/. 4. Holms. \\. t. 14. F. nivea. Sow. t. 65. Gonn. ^ Eabh. iii. t. 5,/ 10. Dasyscypha virginea. Fckl Sym. 3fyc. p. S05. On stumps, twigs, &c. Common. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Gregarious; cup 1 line high, externally pilose, the margin cileated, and often studded with dew drops. — Eng. Fl. Sporidia fusiform, '006--01 X •002--0025 m.m.— Nyl. Sporidia elongated-fusoid, straight, '005 '01 X *001o-"0025 m.m. — Karst. Sporidia fusiform, •002-*0027 m.m. broadj and 3-4 times as long.— G. die R. ELVELLACEI. 685 2033. Peziza nivea. Fr. " Snowy Peziza." Stipitate, white ; cup turbinate, externally villoso-tomen- tose.— i^r. S.M. ii. p. 90. Eng. FI.y. 195. Hediv. t.S.f.B. Fl. Dan. 1. 1440,/. 2. Bull. t. 416,/. 5. FcU. exs. no. 1199. Fcciv. exs. vi. 720. 80. Peziza Aspidii, Fclcl. exs. no. 1193. Tricho- peziza nivea, FcJd. Sym. Myc.p. 296. On stumps, &c. [Low. Carolina.] Differs from P. Virginia in the nature of the down ; stem less distinct, in- crassated upwards, villous ; cup less expanded. — Fries. Sporidia fusiform, "OOS-'OOZ X "0015 va..vCi.—Xyl. Sporidia straight or curved, '005-'012 X '0015 m.m. — Karst. 2034. Peziza calycina. Schum. " White and orange Peziza." Stipitate, erumpent, funnel-shaped, externally whitish, yillous; disc nearly plane, inclining to orange. — i^r. /S'.il/. ii./>. 91. Fckl. exs.no. V2.()Q. Batsch.f.ldo. Hedw. t.2'2. Berk. exs. no. 261. Eng.Fl. v. 195. Dasyscypha calycina, Fckl. SyjJi. Jlyc. p. 306. Rav. exs. vi. no. 83. On bark of firs. Scotland. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] var. p. abietis. When fresh of a golden egg-yellow; stem blackish at the base. On Scotch fir. Appin. var. y. laxicis. On larch boughs. Scotland. Cup 1-2 lines broad, varying greatly in colour, and in the length of the stem, often fasciculate. — Fng- Fl. Sporidia fusiform-oblong, -OOo-'OOO X •002-'003 m.m.— .Vy^. Sporidia fusoid' 005- -009 X •001.-002 m.m.— A"a/-5^ 2035. Peziza bicolor. Bull. " Two-coloured Peziza." Subsessile, globose, tomentose, white ; disc inclining to orange; sporidia cylindrical, straight. — Fr. S.M.u.p. 92. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 195. Fl.Dan.t.ll^,f.2. Bull. t. 410,/. 3. Sow.t.ll. Ayres. exs. no. 55. Fckl. exs. no. 1205. Berk. exs. no. 155. Dasyscypha bicolor, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 305. On dead twigs. Nylander and Karsten unites this with P. calycina. 2036. Peziza cezina. P. "Wax-coloured Peziza." Hemispherical, yillose or furfuraceous, yellowish-olive ; disc concave, yellow. — Fr. S.M.n.p.'^^. Eng.Fl. y.p. 126. Holms. 686 ELVELLACEI. u.t20. Neee.f.2SS. 3Ioug.exs.7io.GS7. Fl. Dan. 1.1620, lower Jig. FcJd.exs. no. 120-i. Das^jscypha cerinea,Fckl. Sym. Myc.p, 305. On old rails, branches, &c. [Mid. Carolina.] ' Scattered or gregarious ; cup closed when dry, clothed with yellow, branny pubescence ; stem short or obsolete. — Enrj Fl. Sporidia oblong-fusiform, minute, 'OOS-TIO? X •002--0025 m.m.— Kyi. Sporidia oblong or elongated, fusoid, •004-'007 X •002--0025 m.m.— Karst. 2037. Peziza calyculaefoxmis. Schuni. " Wine-glass Peziza." Subiufundibuliform, umber-brown ; margin erect, externally villous, as well as the yery short, rather thick stem. — Fr. S.M . ii._p. 94. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. {ISGQ), no.^^2, IIGA.. Fl. Dan. t.202>'2J.2. On dead wood. May. Twycross. "Our iilant agrees with Schumachers in habitat; it is not, however, scattered in growth. It has a decidedly dark-brown stem, which is smooth; and the margin is rather connivent than erect."— B. (b Br. Sporidia biseriate •01-'012 X '002 m.m. — Karst. 2038. Feziza clandestina. Bull. " Brownish Peziza." Stipitate, turbinate, fawn-coloured, externally furfuraceo- yillose ; disc pallid. — Fr. S.M. ii.|9. 94. Eng. F/.\.p. 195. Johnst. F.B.ii.p. 150. Fckl. exs. no. 1202. Dasyscypha clandestina, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 305. On dead bramble. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia oblong-fusiform, -GOS-'OO; X '0015 m.m.— Xyl. Sporidia elongato-fusoid, '005-*008 X '0015 m..va.. — Karst, 2039. Peziza caulicola. Fr. ** Herbaceous Peziza." Yellowish-brown, pallid ; cup between turbinate and globose, farinoso-pubescent ; stem short, firm, smooth. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 94. Ann. N. Hist. no. 310. FcJcl. exs. no. 1200. On dead herbaceous stems. Minute, gregarious, rather firm, persistent, at length becoming smooth. Colour pale, dirty, opaque, yellowish-pallid, umber, &c. Sporidia fusiform, •006--009 X •0015--002 m.m.—Xyl. Sporidia elougated, •006--00.^ X •001o--002 m.m.— Karst. Peziza AcuuM. Fr. ^qq Helotium acumn. 2040. Peziza albo-violascens. A. ^uS. " Proliferous Peziza." Subsessile, becoming plane, firm, villous, hairy, generally closed; disc pallid. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. ^Q. Eng.Fl.Y.p. 196. A. 4' S.t.8,f. 4:. Lachnellaalho-violascens, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 380. ELVELLACEI. 687 On lilac, &c. [United States.] Eemarkable for the deep black flesh beneath the generally proliferous hy- menium, occasionally, when the villosity has vanished, the cup is also black externally.— ^/i^ Fl.. Sporidia subovoid, unequilateral -Oll-'Oie X •009-*012 m.m.—Earst. 2041. Feziza coxticalis. Pers. " Bark Peziza." Sessile, sub-globose, firm, flocculoso-tomentose, cinereous, then rufescent. — Fr. S.M.n.p.^Q. Pers. M.E. p. 267. Ann. N.n. no. 311-562. Fchl. exs. no. 1120. Lachnella corticalis, Fckl. Sym.Myc.p.2^0. On dead bark. [Mid. Carolina.] Gregarious, persistent, superficial ; disc open when moist, hemispherical, reddish ; when dry closed, irregular and whitish-grey. Sporidia fusiform (spuriously uniseptate) •017--027 X •004-"005 m.m.,—Xyl. Sporidia straight or shghtly curved -015- '027 X '004--005 m.m.— ^ars^ 2042. Feziza tricolor. Sow. " Tricolor Peziza." Hemispherical, marginate ; disc yellowish, externally greyish ; stem very short, nearly white. — Sow. i. 369,/. 6. Fr. S.M. \\.p. 134. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 20^. Berk. Outl.p.SQS. Feziza Godroniana Mont. Syll.p. 185. BerJc. Outl. p. 368 — p. xvii. On bark. 2043. Feziza melaxantha. Fr. " Black and Yellow Peziza." Sessile, minute, externally farinaceo-yillose, greyish-yellow ; disc rather concave, black. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 97. Eng. FL y. p. 196. On fallen branches. Appin. Gregarious, very minute. At first globose, greyish-yellow, at length quite flat, border sometimes flexuous in crowded specimens. - £ii^. Fl. 2044. Peziza hispidula. Sclirad. " Black hispid Peziza." Sessile, rather fleshy, slightly hispid, black; disc concave, whitish.— i^r. S.M. i\. p. 98. Schrad. Journ. Bot.Udd, p.U. Eng. Fl. y.j). 196. On dead wood. Appin. Cup sub-carnose, 1-1| line broad, beset with black shining hairs.— i^n'es. 2045. Feziza Schumacheri. Fr. " Schumacher's Peziza." Sessile, small, hemispherical, tomentose, brown ; disc nearly plane, purplish-brown, — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 98. Eng.Fl.Y.p. 196. 688 ELVELLACEI. var. /3. plumbea. Disc lead coloured. — Grev. t. 11. Fl. Dan. t. 17 SG,f.l. On dead wood. Often much resembling P, cinerea. 2046. Peziza rufo-olivacea. A. t^-- S. "Brown and olive Peziza." Sessile, becoming plane, externally villoso-pulTerulent, dingy ferruginous-red; disc greenish-olive (at length black). — F7\ S.M. ii. p. 99. A. 4' S. 1. 11,/. 4. Eng. Fl. v.p. 197. Fckl. exs. no. 1192. VelutarianifO'Olivacea. Fckl. Sym.Myc.p. 800. On dead bramble. Appin. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia elliptical, uniseriate, binueleate ('0005 in.) -0127 m.m., large for the size of the plant. — E.C. 2047. Peziza diplocarpa. Curr. " Double fruited Peziza." Cups rather flat, stipitate, externally vinous-brown, clothed (as well as the stem) with dense short hairs ; margin slightly inflexed, fimbriate ; disc waxy, sub-glaucous, greenish-olive ; sporidia elliptical, nucleate ; paraphyses filiform, apices clavate- acuminate, 2-4 septate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv. p. 153, t. 25, /. 30-33. On the ground. Nov. Joyden's wood, Dartford. Cups |- in. wide, margin slightly inflexed and surrounded by a ringof hairs of a pale umber, forming a marked contrast in colour with the reddish brown outer hairs j disc waxy, somewhat glaucous, of a greenish olive colour ; sporidia elliptical, with a nucleus at each extremity, usually slightly nar- rowed at each end, "0076 m.m. ("OOOS in.) long ; paraphyses filiform, termi- nating in spore-like bodies, the latter 2-4 septate, acuminate at the apex, and tapering to the junction with the filament, varying much in length, from •0008 to -0018 in. Allied to P. rufo-olicacea.—A. d: S. 2048. Peziza variecolor. Fr. " Various-coloured Peziza." Sessile, hemispherical, orbicular, rather firm, flocculoso-vil- lose ; disc urceolate, white, becoming pallid. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 100. Eng. FL v. p. 197. P. alho-lutea. Pers. Ic. ^- Des. t. 8,/. 4- 5. P. hydnoidea. Sow. 1. 11%. Tapiesia variecolor. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 302. On rotten wood. [Mid. Carolina.] Gregarious, sessile, but not adnate ; when young or dry closed, granuli- form, when moistened soon expanded ; disc concave, of a peculiar pallid hue, margin often granulated with flocci. — Fries. Sporidia oblong, -OOr-'Oll X ■002-'003 m.m.— iVy^ Karst. ELVELLACEI. 689 2049. Peziza episphaezia. Mart. " Parasitic Peziza." Sessile, becoming plane, externally white, beset with long ciliato-pilose hairs ; disc pale yellowish. — Fr. S.M. ii. 2^. 100. Eng.Fl. y. p. 197. On HypoxyJon multiforme, &c. 2050. Feziza pineti. Batsch. "Fir-cone Peziza." Sessile, adnate, nearly plane, firm, subvillose, whitish-brown ; disc pallid white. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 101. Fng. Fl. \. p. 197. Batsch. f.liO. Fckl.exs.no. 1167. Pseudohelotium pineti. Fckl. Sym.Myc.p. 298. On fir cones. Autumn. Sporidia minute, fusiform.— JVy?. Sporidia oblong-fusiform, *008-"014 X "003 m.m. — Karst. 2051. Feziza papillaris. Bull. " Papillose Peziza." Sessile, free, concave, villose, hairy, entirely milk-white ; mar- gin granulated.— i^/\ S.M. ii.p. 102. Eng. Fl. y.p. 197. Bull. t. 467,/. 1. Soiv.t. 111. On dead wood. Gregarious, thick set, not adnate, waxy, rather firm, scarce 1 line broad, regular, margin entire, denticulated, closed when dry, granuliform, persist- ent, so slightly tinged with yellow that it can scarcely be called straw-col- oured.— Fries. Sporidia fusiform, simple, "Ol-'OIS X "0025 m.m. — ^yl. Sporidia subfusiform, '009- -015 X •UU2--003 m.m.— Karst. 2052. Feziza hyalina. Pers. "Hyaline Peziza." Sessile, punctiform, subglobose, when moist pellucid, exter- nally rather pilose. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 102. Fng. Fl. v. p. 198. Pseudohelotium hyalinum. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 298. On stumps of trees. Winter. [Mid. Carolina.] Gregarious, extremely minute, very thin, soft, often irregular, white, at length turning yellowish in patches. When dry it resembles minute grains of white sand scattered over the bark. — J/. /. B. Sporidia oblong or fusiform-ellipsoid, '005-* 009 X •002-*0025 m.m. — ^sl'yl. Sporidia straight or slightly curved, •004--009 X ■002--0025 m.m.— ^ars^ 2053. Feziza sulphurea. Bers. " Sulphur Peziza." Sessile, subglobose, strigoso-tomentose, sulphur-coloured ; disc pallid.— Fr. S.M. ii. p. 104. Eng.Fl. v. i?.' 198. Pers. M.E. p. 2b0. Fckl. exs. no. 11^6. Berk, exs.no. 166. Grev.t. 83. P. hydnoidea. Purt. no. I04:d. Trichopeziza sidphurea. Fckl. Sym. 3Iyc.p.2d6. 2g 690 ELVELLACEI. On dead nettles, &c. SiDring. [Mid. Caroliiia.] Often browB when dry. Sporidia fusiform, simple, or at length spuriously 1-3 septate, •014-*024 X •002--0025 m.m.-.V^^. Sporidia filiform -fusoid •012--024 X *0015.-0025 ra.m.—Karst. 2054. Feziza plano-um'oilicata. Grev. " Umbilicate Peziza.'' Small, SQgsile, gregarious, whole plant wliite, globoso-con- cave, at length quite plane, cileated with horizontal white hairs at the margin ; hymenium gently umbilicated. — Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 420. Eng. FL y. ;?. 198. On dead nettles. Wholly white, remarkably plane, with a small dimple in the centre of the hymenium, which, in old age, assumes a yello-wish tinge. The external sur- face is covered with white hairs, which form a beautiful ciliated margin, not in the least raised. The margin is so regular, that if there had been fewer ciKa it might have been called pectinate.— 6-Vey. 2055. Peziza villosa. Pers. " Villous Peziza." Sessile, minute, persistent, globose, villous, white, mouth somewhat connivent. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 104. Eng. Fl. v. p. 198. Rabh. exs. no. 225. Schmidt, exs. no. 48. Fchl. exs. no. 2286. P. sessilis. Sow. t. 389,/. 1. Nees.f. 2S3 var. Trichopeziza villosa. Fckl.Sym.Myc.p.2'd^. On large herbaceous plants, Burdock, &c. Common. [United States.] Open only in wet weather ; cups 4-|-a line broad, scattered or much crowded. — Eng. Fl. 2056. Peziza Grevillei. BerTi. " Greville's Peziza." Sessile, gregarious, very minute, cups farinoso-tomentose (sub-hirsute), pale-umber. — Eng.Fl.Y.p. 198. P.nidulus. Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 420. Johnst. Fl. Berw. ii. p. 149. On dead Umhelliferoe . 2057. Peziza Bexkeleii. Blox. " Berkeley's Peziza." Gregarious, sessile, cups hemispherical, furfuraceo-floccose, almost pruinose ; hymenium concave, tawny ; asci clavate ; spo- ridia oblong, subfusiform or cymbiform. — Ann. N.H. no. 770. On dead stems of Umhelliferoe. Very minute, often crowded, hemispherical, with the margin at first strongly inflected, clothed with furfuraceous yellow flocci. In young speci- mens the orifice is distinctly marked, with radiating lines. Sporidia ( 0003- "0004 in.) '0076- 01 m.m. long. Under the lens the coat consists of very short flocci, intermixed with minute hyaline amorphous scales. — B.dcBr. ELVELLACEI. 691 2038. Peziza aspidiicola. B.cfBr. "Fern Peziza.'" WTiite, rather buff when dry ; stem very short; cups concave, subhemispherical, externally furfuraceo-floccose ; asci very short and slender ; sporidia oblong, subclavate. — Ann. N.H. no. 111. On dead stems of Aspidium filix-mas. Nov. Yery minute, gregarious; stem ex remely short, gradually passing into the sub- hemispherical cup, which is clothed externally with minute pellucid scales, mixed with a few obscure hyaline flocci. Sporidia ("0002 in.) '005 m,m. long.— £. cD Br. 2059. Peziza albo-testacea. Desm. *' Brick-red Peziza." Erumpent, sessile, small, scattered, flocculose, white, and brick-red colour, hemispherical, closed when dry ; disc open when moist, flesh-coloured ; asci small. — Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. xix. (18-43),/). 3G8. Desm. exs.no. l-ilb. Ann. N.H. no. 660. On dead stems of grass. July. The exterior is of a brick-red colour, the hairs with which it is covered being white at their tips. 2060. Peziza apala. B. ^' B?: " Pale rush Peziza." Minute, scattered or crowded, cups with the stem obconical, externally furfuraceo-villous, fawn-coloured ; hymenium plane , darker ; asci clavate ; sporidia elongated, filiform, flexuous, almost as long as the asci. — Ann. N.H. no. 561. Cooke exs. no. 287. Rahh.F.E.no.2h. On dead rushes. Feb, Externally resembling P. diminuta. Rob. (Desm. exs. no. 1538 J, but more shairgy, of a less vinous tint, and with a plane, not concave hymenium. The sporidia are filiform, and not merely oblong; the hairs, too, are obtuse. —B.&Br. 2061. Peziza clavariarum. Desm. " Clavaria Peziza." Sessile, black, very minute, scattered, globose, externally bristling with long sette ; asci clavate ; sporidia ovoid. — Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. ii. vol. 8, t. 2, f.l. B. (|- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 563. Peziza nigra, Sow. t. 307. On decayed Clavaria. Autumn. The cups are globose and black, so as, at a hasty glance, liable to be mis- taken for a hispid Sphceria. 2062. Peziza stxaminum. B.SfBr. " Grass Peziza." Cups hemispherical, sessile, concave; margin incurved, ex- 2g 2 692 ELVELLACEI. ternally pale farinaceous, internally pinkish yellow. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no.bll. On dead sheaths of wheat and grasses. Minute, not exceeding ^ line diameter ; cups hemispherical, concave, sessile, or at length expanded ; margin incurved, externally densely farin- aceous, pale, internally of a pinkish yellow, or flesh colour. — B.S'.Ji.ii.i).109, Eng.Fl.Y.p.20(). Tode. If. 41. Mag.Zool^ Bot. no. 10. Berk. exs. no. 157, 286, variety. FcJcl. exs. no. 1874. Rahh. F.E. no. 354. Tapesia Rosob, Fckl. Sym. Myc. 301. On dry branches of Rosa canina. Oct. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Forming small roundish patches on the branches, sometimes surrounding them. — Eiig. Fl. The variety published by the Rev. M, J. Berkeley (no. 286), occurred near Liverpool, on sycamore {Ann. N.H. no. 313). Sporidia elongated, 'OOZ-'Ol X •002--002o m.m.—Karst. ^07 4t. Peziza fusca. Pers. " Crowded Brown Peziza." Sessile ; cups concave, brown (smooth towards the margin), at length plane, cinereous, fixed beneath to a broad, tomentose, ELVELLACEI. 695, dark-brown subiculum. — Pers. M.E.p. 273. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 109. Grev. t. 192. Fckl. exs. no. 1593. Tapesiafusca, FcJcl. Sym. Myc. p. 302. Fez. vulgaris, Fckl. exs. no. 1173. On fallen branches. Spring. [Mid. Carolina.] Spreading in patches two inclaes or more wide. Sporidia oblong-fusiform or fusiform, simple, "OOS-'OIB X '002-'0025 m.m. — Nyl. Karst. 2075. Feziza Johnston!. Berli. " Jolinston's Peziza." Sessile; cups globose, or sub -turbinate, at length open and rufous, with a satiny lustre, attached beneath to a broad black- brown, grumous subiculum. — Ann. N.H. no. 313. On fallen branches. Berwick. Forming a uniform stratum on decayed sticks ; cups half a line broad, at first brown and pulverulent, at length rufous, rather thin, with a satiny- lustre, subturbinate, with the margin permanently inflected, at first quite closed ; subiculum granulated, grumous, obscurely floccose. — M. J. B. 2076. Peziza sanguinea. Pers. " Blood-red Peziza." Cups concave, smooth, becoming blackish ; base surrounded by a short blood-red tomentum. — Fr. S.M. ]i.p. 110. Pers. M.E. p. 273. Nees. /. 271. Mag. Zool. ^ Bot. no. 11. Fckl. exs. no. 1187. Tapesia sanguinea, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 303. On fir. Nov. Beeston, Notts. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ovoid-oblong or fusiform, simple, "OOG-'Ol X ■0025-'003 m.m. — i\"2//. Karst. Sect. 4. Fihrina — externally fibroso-striate, with adpressed hairs. 2077. Peziza rudis. Berk,. " Rustic Peziza." Fasciculate, turbinato-stipitate ; hymenium plane, here and there depressed, rugose, yellow-brown, somewhat vinous, exter- nally finely fibrilloso-striate ; stem elongated, lacunose or striate. — Berk, in Proc. N.H. Sac. Berw. p. 190. Ann. N.H. no. 57-1. t. 6, /.13. On shallow gravel and peat. June. 2078. Peziza Solaris. Batsch. " Red-ochre Peziza." Infundibuliform ; cup hemispherical, fibrillose -veined, sub- ochraceous ; disc brown ; stem short, blackish. — Fr. S.M.ii.p. 112. Batsch. f. lob. Eng. Fl.\. p.200. Ciboria bolaris, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 311. 696 ELVELLACEI. On willow. Autumn. Appin. [Mid. Carolina.] Stem very variable in length in the same group, 1-2 lines or more high ; cup 1-2 lines broad, when young villous, soon, however, losing its villosity. —Eng. Fl. Sporidia oblong-ovate, hyaline, distinctly scrobiculate. — Fuckl. 2079. Feziza siparia. B.d;Br. " Curtain Peziza." Cups sub-sessile, externally furfuraceous, ochraceous ; hy- meniuui becoming brownish ; sporidia linear-oblong, curved. — Ann. N.H. no. 772. On decorticated elm branches. Oct. Accompanied by a floccose stratum, which is, however, possibly not con- stant. Cup at first sub-globose, then cyathiform, scarcely stipitate, but fixed by a broad base, with the margin free, externally ochraceous, furfur- aceous ; hymenium ochraceous, at length brownish ; sporidia ("00045 in.) "012 m.m. long often with a nucleus at either extremity. At first with some resemblance to P, jirma. — B. <^ Br. 2080. Peziza ledi. A. d' S. " Arbutus Feziza." Sessile, globose or hemispherical, externally rugose, brownish- black, mouth especially shining, greenish, covered with a com- pact powder ; disc dingy. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 114. A. ^ S. 1. 10, /. 7. Nees.f. 264. Ann. N.H. no. 160. On Arbutus Uva-Ursi. Sept. Glencoe. 2081. Peziza leptospora. B. S^^ Br. '* Thread-spored Peziza." Cups at first hemispherical, then expanded, externally lurid from the scattered, black, adpressed flocci, internally whitish ; feporidia filiform. —5. (^' Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), no. 1166, t. 4,/. 30. On decayed wood. Jedburgh. About half a line across j at first perfectly globose, often collapsed in the centre, but gradually opening and exposing the soft, pallid, sometimes straw- coloured hymenium ; asci oblong ; sporidia very long and slender, filiform, flexuous, with a row of globular nuclei, at length repeatedly septate. — B.S'Br. Series 3. Phialea, Fr. Veil none ; cups waxy or membranaceous, quite smooth (or very rarely mealy or sub-tomentose), soon open ; subiculum none. — Berk. Outl. p. 370. Stipitate, membranaceous . . . Hymenoscypha. Sessile, waxy, soft Mollisia. Indurated, persistent .... JDurella. ELVELLACEI. 697 Sect. 1. HymenoscypTia. Stipitate, snbmembranaceous. 2082. Peziza fizzna. Pers. " Ochre-brown Peziza." Cup infundibnliform, then dilated, repand, pale brown ; stem long, attenuated downwards, becoming blackish ; sporidia sub- elliptic, pointed at either end. — Fr. S.M.n. p. 117. Pers. M.E. p. 211. Eng. Fl.Y.p.200. Gonn. ^- Pabh.iii.t.Q,/. 3. Lib. exs. no. 228. P.ochroleuca. Bolt. 1. 105,/. 1. Sow. 1. 115. Cihoria jirma. Fchl. Sym. Myc.p. 312. On sticks. Autumn. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Gregarious, leathery wlien fresh, hard when dry ; cup \-\ in. broad; stena |--2in. high. Yaryingin colour from whitish ochre to brown ; sometimes on decaying acorns, covered with the soil. Sporidia (•0007 in.) "0177 m m. long. Sporidia ellipsoid, simple (sometimes spuriously septate) ■015-"021 X •005--009 m.m. —Nyl. Karst. Sporidia ■004-'005 m.m. broad, and 4-5 times as long.— (7. ^2. P.neglecta. Lib. exs. no. 2^. Calloria fusarioides. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 282. ELVELLACEI. 705 On dead nettle stems. Cups scarcely a line in diameter ; substance firm. Sporidia oblong or fusiform oblong, •011--014 X 'OOS-'OOSS m.m.—I^yl. Karst. 2115. Peziza micifoinetra. B.^-Br. *' Point-like Peziza." Very minute, sessile, subturbinate, attached by strong villous hairs, brownish, mouth somewhat contracted, finely striate ; asci clavate ; sporidia filiform. — Ann. N.H. no. lid. On dead stems of Juncus. Twycross. Extremely minute, punctiform, horn-brown ; hymenium plane. — B. d: Br. 2116. Peziza paulula. Rob. " Little rush Peziza." Erumpent, scattered or gregarious, sessile, waxy, smooth, ^ subglobose, very minute, externally olive-umber, internally pallid, mouth connivent, white, entire ; asci short, broad, sub- cylindrical ; sporidia oblong, obtuse, hyaline, with two nuclei. — Ann. Sc. Nat. (1851), xYi.p. 324, Boh. Desm. exs. no. 2010, ii. no. 1610. Ann. N.H. no. 960. Kl. exs. no. 823. On Juncus maritimus. Isle of Wight. Sporidia '01 m.m. ("0003 in.) long. 2117. Peziza dematiicola. B. 3) Br. "Black mould Peziza." Gregarious, very minute ; cup hemispherical, watery umber, cileated with long hyaline flocci ; disc cinereous ; asci rather short ; sporidia subcymbiform, hyaline. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. 1865,710.1070,^. 15,/. 20. On dead wood, nestling amongst the flocci of some Helmin- thosporoid Fungus, but whether at all related or not we cannot say. This very beautiful, though minute species, has a mixed resemblance to an Excipula, and such Ascoholi as A. ciliatus. — M. J. B. 2118. Peziza erythrostigma. B.&Br. '• Ked spot Peziza." Minute, stipitate, punctiform, pale red ; hymenium at length convex ; asci clavate ; sporidia uniseriate, elliptic, or subglo- bose.—^. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), t^o. 1168, ^. 4,/. 31. Parasitic on Si')hceria 2'>^ceostroma. The stem is mostly curved, distinctly cellular ; asci clavate ; spores mi- nute, subglobose ; very minute, but a pretty object under the microscope.— B. cC- Br, 706 ELVELLACEI. 2119. Peziza peristomialis. B.d:Br. " Holly Peziza." Minute, cylindrical, pallid, mouth furnished with long white triangular teeth ; disc nearly plane ; asci lanceolate ; sporidia biseriate, fusiform, multi-nucleate. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), 720. 1169, ^ 5,/. 32. On holly. Penzance. A most exquisite object under a moderate magnifier, resembling some Actinia in miniature. Sporidia ("001 in.) '025 m.m. long. — B. (^ Br, 2120. Feziza viburnicola. B.^cBr. "Guelder-rose Peziza." Subglobose, then hemispherical, grey, externally granulated ; margin denticulate, furfuraceous ; hymenium paler. — B. ^ Br. , Ann. N.H. (1866), no. 1170. On either side of dead leaves of Viburnum. Shere, Surrey. Minute, punctiform, externally speckled witb little dark tufts of cells, •which sometimes give out a few short, flesuoue bairsj asci clavate ; sporidia lanceolate ^•0004--000o in.) •01--012 m.m. long. 2121. Peziza nezvisequia. Besm. " Plantain-leaf Peziza." Seriate, black ; cups nestling in an indurated, linear subicu- lum.— i^r. S.M. Yi.p. 153. Pers.M.E.p.mS. Besm. exs.no. 2012. B. S^^Br. Ann.N.H.{l^QQ),no.llll. On leaves of Plantago lanceolata. Feb. Near Batheaston. Sporidia (°0004in.) '01 m.m. long. Sect. 3. Durella — indurated, persistent, lichenoid. 2122. Peziza resinae. Fr. " Kesin Peziza." Sessile, hard, urceolate, then patellate, orange ; margin evan- escent.—i^r. ^.^i. ii. i>. 149. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. ("1866), no. 1173. Fckl.exs.no. IIQQ. Pezizicula resincE, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 27d. On resin. Jedburgh. 2123. Peziza melanotheja. Br. " Little Black Peziza." Sessile, minute, externally between farinaceous and villous, reddish yellow ; disc becoming concave, black. — P. melanoxantha, Fr.S.3I.ii.p.d7. On oak branches. [Mid. Carolina.] Small, but beautiful, gregarious, granuliform j disc at length plane, opaque J the margin prominent and entire. ELTELLACEI. 707 2124. Feziza compressa. A. & S. " Compressed Peziza." Sessile, innate, tliin, blackisli ; disc black, when dry com- pressed, concliiform. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 152. A. 4' S.j^. 340. F/ig. Fl.Y.p.'207. Durella commutata, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 280. Tul. Carp. iii. t. -22,/. 8-14. On hard wood. Perennial. Appin. [United States.] Minute, scattered or crowded, black, opaque, externally often brownish, subrotund, elliptic, or angular; disc homogenouSj black, Sporidia cylindrical, curved, obtuse, triseptate. This seems more closely allied to Patellaria than to Peziza. The triseptate sporidia are those of a Patellaria. 2125. Peziza flexella. Fr. " Pine-wood Peziza." Immersed, compressed, minute, concave, variously flexuose, black.— i^r.>S'.J/.ii.29. 152. Eng.Fl. Y.p.207. On dead wood, especially pine. Perennial. Appin. [Low. Carolina.] Smaller than P. compressa, purer black. — M.J.B. Gen. 297. HELOTIUM, Fr. Fig. 332. Disc always, op en, at first puncti- form, then dilated, convex or con- cave, naked. Excipulum waxy, free, marginate, externally naked. — Berk. Outl.p. 371. Disc convex Disc concave Pelastea. Cal'/cella. {Fig. 332.) Sub-Gen. 1. Pelastea, Fr. Disc convex. Receptacle hollow beneath, or flattened. — Berk. Outl.p. 371, 2126. Helotium fibulifoime. Fr. " Staff-lil^e Helotium." Firm, head convex, yellow, black-brown beneath, as well as the short, thick, subvillose stem. — i^r. >S'. J/, ii. p. 155. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 207. Bolt.t. 176. On elm. 708 ELVELLACEI. 2127. Helotiuxn agaricinum. Berh. " Agaric-like Helotium." Firm, dark green, convex, rather uneven; margin revolute; stem rather thick, obconic ; asci long, flexuous, obtuse. — Peziza agaricina, Carm. MSS. Eng. Fl. Y.p.201 . On decayed wood. Appin. Plant 1^-2 lines broad, very much resembling at first sight Helotium virens, bat on closer inspection quite different. 2128. Helotiuxn sclerotioides. Berk. ** Sclerotium-like Helotium." Convex, umbilicate, clear red-brown, concave beneath, and confluent with the short, obconic stem ; asci slender ; sporidia ? — Peziza sclerotioides. B. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 208. On decayed wood. Appin. At first sight resembling Sclerotium quercigenum, about one line broad. — M.J.B. 129. Helotiuxn aciculare. Fr. " Long-stemmed Helotium." White, smooth, head convex 5 stem elongated, equal. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 156. Eng. FL v. p. 208. Bull. t. 4:73,/. 1. Relv. agarici- fjrmis, Bolt. t. 98,/. 1. Soiv. t. 57. Fej^s. Ohs. t. 5,/. 1, t. 6,/. 1, 2. Cooheexs.no. 4:0^. On roots and old hollow stumps. Aug. — Dec. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia oblong or subfusiform. {Fig. 332.) 2130. Helotiuxn subtile. Fr. " Little White Helotium." "White, minute, rather finn ; head plano-convex ; stem thin, short ; sporidia sub-cylindrical or subfusiform, elongated. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 157. Eng. Fl. v. 208. Karst. exs. no. 68. Mon. Fez. p. 141. Fckl.exs.no, 1160. On fir leaves. Stem not 1 line high, somewhat attenuated ; head 1 line broad, at length slightly convex. — Fries. Sporidia '005 -'007 m.m. long. — Karsten. Sporidia attenuated, oblong, -OOo-'OOZ X •001--0015 m.m.— A^yZ. Karst. 2131. Helotiuxn aeruginosuxn. Fr. " Green Helotium." Verdigris-green, head turbinate, then expanded, subflexuose; disc paler; stem short. — Berk. Outl.p. 372. Peziza ceniginosa. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 130. E7ig.Fl. Y.p. 202. Grev.t.24.1. Berk. exs. ELVELLACEI. 709 no. 281. Soiu. t. 347. Fl. Dan. t. 534,/. 2. Karst. exs.no. 151- 459. Mon. Fez. p. 142. Rav. exs. v. 7io. 40 ? FcJd. exs.no. 1158. Chlorosj)lenium cBvuginosum. Tul. Carp. \i\.p. 187. On fallen oak branches. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] Staining the wood on which it grows, for a considerable depth, of a deep verdigris-green ; the wood so stained being employed as " green oak "in the manufacture of Tunbridge ware. The fully developed Helotiarw is much more rare than the green mycelioid state. Sporida oblong, •01--<'a4 X '0035--0045 m.-m.—Xyl. Sporidia elongated-oblong, slightly curved, '01-014 X '003-'004 m.m. — Karst. 2132. Helotium serotinuxn. Fr. "Bright Yellow Helotium." Bright yellow ; head plano-convex, rather thin ; stem short, firm, thickish. — Berh. Outl. p. 372. Peziza serotina. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 119. Eng. Fl. y.^;.201. Helv. aurea. Bolt. t. 98. FcJd. exs. no. 1157. On sticks, &c., in watery places. [Mid. Carolina.] Cup^ in. broad, sometimes groAving almost in the water itself. Sporidia elongated, curved, hyaline, simple^ 2133. Helotium virgultorum. Fr, " Beech mast Helotium." Tongh, smooth, pallid, at length yellowish; ciip patella^form; stem long, thin, flexuous ; sporidia acicular-oblong or oblong, simple, or spuriously uniseptate, or granular. — Peziza fructi- gena. Built. 228. Sow. t. 111. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 201. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 132. Rahh. exs. ii. no. 510. Desm. exs. no. 1060, ii. rzo. 460. Fchl. exs. no. 1154. Gonn. 4' Rahh. iii. t. 6,/. 4. On acorns, beech mast, &c. Common. Cup 1-2 lines broad, shallow from the thickness of the flesh. Sporidia fusiform or oblong, -OU-'OSS X ■0u3o--G04o m,m.-NyU var. p. flavescens. Holms, t. 11. On willow. Sporidia "0033-'0041 m.m. long, and about six times as loDg.— G^. ^' R. 2134. Helotium lutescens. Fr, " Yellowish Helotium." Yellowish, small ; cup hypocrateriform, orbicular ; stem short, slender, subcylindrical. — Peziza lutescens. Hedw. M. Fr. ii. t. 9, /.3. Ann.N.H.no. 826. Fl. Dan. 1. 14.^0, f. 1. Fr. S.M. \i. p. 120. On dead sticks amongst moss. Autunm. [Mid. Carolina.] Helotiu3i testaceum. See Ascobolus. 710 ELVELLACEl. 2135. Relotium. conigenum. Fr . " Fir-cone Helotium." Waxy or watery consistence, minute, pallid; head nearly plane, immarginate ; stem thick, short, at length obliterated; sporidia siibcllipsoid. — Berk. Outl.p. 372. Pezizaconigena. Fr. S.M. ii. 2^. 139. Eng. Fl. v. j;. 205. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 152. ' Fckl. exs. no. 1149. On cones of Scotch fir. Sporidia ellipsoid, simple, •007-'008 X '0035 m.m. I^yl. Karst. 2136. Kelotium phascoides. Fr. "Moss Helotium." Of a waxy or watery consistence ; minute, pallid, with a brick- red tinge; head turbinate, plane ; stem short, subequal. — Berk. Oytl.j^. 372. Peziza j^hascoides. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 138. Eng. Fl. v. p. 204. On mosses. 2137. Helotiuxn acuuxn. Fr. "Fir-leaf Helotium." Minute, stipitate, slender, whitish ; head nearly plane, exter- nally slightly hairy ; sporidia fusoid-elongated or fusoid-oblong. Berk.Outl. p. 372. Peziza acuum. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 96. Berk. Outl. p. 368. Desm. exs. i. no. 1536, ii. no. 1036. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 181. Fckl. exs. no. 1153. On dead fir leaves. Sporidia oblong or Bubfusiform, •004-"005 X "0015 m.m. — Nyl. Sporidia '004. "006 X 'OOIS m.m.— ^ars^ 2138. Helotiuxn luteolum. Curr. " Yellow mud Helotium." Caespitose, pale straw colour ; stem about -J- inch long ; disc 1 line wide, at first hollow, ultimately expanded and con- vex, the edge covered with very minute, parallel white hairs, giving a somewhat ribbed or channeled aj)pearance ; sporidia straight, or slightly curved, colourless ; paraphyses clavato- elongate, acuminate, septate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv.^. 153, t. 25,/^. 11, 12, 18. On a gorse stick, the end of which was sunk in the mud in a pool of water. May. Paul's Cray Common. Remarkable in its densely csespitose and apparently brancbing babit, and tbe parapbyses are very peculiar. Its aquatic babit is also an unusual cba- racter. Sporidia (•0004--0005 in') •01--012 m.m. long. ELVELLACEI. 711 2139. Helotium aquaticum. Curr. " Aquatic Helotium." Solitary, stem about \ in. long ; disc minute, yery little wider than the apex of the delicate, almost filiform stem; spo- ridia colourless, hyaline, with granules accumulated at each end. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv.^. 154,^. 25,/. 19. On a fragment of stick in water. May. Paul's Cray Common. The fruit is large for the size of the plant; sporidia ("0007 in.) -0177 m.m. long. Suh.-Gen. 2. Calycella, Fries. At first turbinate ; disc concave ; stem firm when present. — Berk. Outl. p. 372. 2140. Helotium tuba. Fr. *' Tube Helotium." Yellow; head turbinate; disc plane, margin swollen; stem long, slender. — Berk. Outl. p. 312. Pezizatuha. Fr. S.M.ii.p. 128. Bolt.t. 106,/. 1. Eng. Fl. v. p. 202. Jlendius tuhceformis. With. \Y.p. 146. On fallen branches. Plant \ in. or more high. 2141. Helotium buccina. Fr. " Trumpet Helotium." Rather large, infundibuliform, dull-yellow ; stem thickened, striate, somewhat incurved. — Berk. Outl. p. 312. Feziza buccina. Fr. S.M. n.p. 129. Eng. Fl. v. p. 202. On wood and pine branches. Rare. Appin, [Mid. Carolina.] 2142. Helotium calyculus. Fr. " Yellow-brown Helotium." Yellowish-brown ; head concave, with an elevated margin ; stem short, thick, clothed with whitish down. — Berk. Outl. p. 312. Peziza calyculus, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 129. Eng. Fl.v. p 202. Sow, t. 116. F. infundihulum, Grev. Fl. ed. p. 423. On fallen branches. About 2 lines high. 2143. Helotium infundibulum. Fr. " Funnel Helotium." Ferruginous-red, smooth ; stem short, dilated into the head. — Fr. Peziza calycidus, /3. infundibulum, Fr. S.M. ii. i). 130. Batsch. f. 147. Ann. N.H. tzo. 961. On dead sticks. Dec. Twycross. 712 ELYELLACEI. 214:4. Helotiuxn Aspegrenii. Fr. " Yellow and white Helotium." Head somewhat waved, smooth ; disc yellow externally, as well as the sub-ascending stem, white. — Berh. Outl.p. 372. Peziza Aspegrenii, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 131. Sow. t. 3G9,/. 7. On wood. 2145. Helotiuxn citrinuxn. Fr. " Lemon-colored Helotium." Crowded, lemon-yellow ; head plano-concave, together with the short, thick, paler stem, forming an inverted cone; sporidia oblong-elliptic, with 2-3 nuclei. — Berk. Outl. p. 372. Peziza citrina. Fr. S.M. i\.p. 131. Eng. Fl. \.p. 202. FcH. exs. no. 1152. Bay. Syn. 3, t. 24,/. 4. Hedw. t. 8,/. B. Karst. exs. no. 80, 458. Karst. Mon. Pez.p.l'i'd. Batsch.f. 218. Peziza aui^ea, Sow. t. 150. On old stumps. Common. [United States.] Often clustered together in large patches. Sporidia elHpsoid, simple, •009-'012 X •0035--0045 m.m.— i\"y?. Sporidia with 2-3 minute nuclei, •007-"0l4 X •003-"004 m.m'.- Karst. 2146. Helotium pallescens. Fr. " Pallid Helotium." Crowded, smooth, pale yellow or whitish, inclining to pallid ; head concave ; stem short, rather thickened, pallid. — Berk. Outl. p. 372. Peziza jJallescens, Fr. S.M. ii.^9. 132. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 203. Hofm. Cr.t. 13. Karst. exs. wo. 640. Karst. 3Ion. Pez. p. 14:6. On old stumps. Autumn. [Mid. Carolina.] White at first, then of a beautiful apricot colour, which is retained by the dried i^lant; rather crisp, |Hne broad; margin distinct, sometimes flexuous ; stem and cup, which together form an inverse cone, sometimes marked ex- ternally with transverse ridges.— 21. J. B. Generally accompanied by a species of Torvla. Sporidia oblong or fusiform 1-3 septate, •011-"02 X *003-'004 m.TQ..—JS'yl. Sporidia with 2-4 nuclei, or 1-3 septate, straight or shghtly curved '010- •018 X -003 m.m.— Karst. 2147. Helotiuxn lenticulare. Fr. " Lenticular Helotium." Convex, adpressed, firm, yellow ; stem papillasform, blackish. — Berk. Outl. p. 372. Peziza letiticularis, Fr. S.M. ii./;. 133. Eng.Fl. y.p. 203. Bull, t.300. Fl. Dan. t. 1294,/. 1. Fckl.exs. no. 1151. On old stumps. Sporidia ovate-oblong, hyahne, simple, with one or two nuclei. ELVELLACEI. 713 2148. Helotium ochraceum. Fr. " Ochraceous Helotium." Ochrey-brown, minute, gregarious, thick, carnose, obconic ; hjmenium minutely granular, at length plane or sub-convex. — Berk. Outl.p. 372. Peziza ochracea, Grev. t. 5. £ng. Fl. Y.p. 204. On old stumps. Autumn. "Not 1 line broad, thick, puckered, or rugose at the base ; margin equal or irregular, rounded, and depressed ; hymenium sprinkled with minute shin- ing particles, resembling grains of brown sugar. In drying it does not change. — G-Vey. 2149. Helotium cribrosuxu. Berk. " Black Helotium." Black, solitary, rather large, very concave ; hymenium crib- riform, or full of lacerated, irregular pores and sinuses. — Peziza cribrosa, Grev. Fl. ed.p. 423. Eng.Fl. y.p. 203. On sandy or gravelly ground. Large, ^-1 in. broad, hemispherical, at length partly spreading, but always deeply concave, wholly black, but deeper within, somewhat rugose at the base externally J margin entire, even. — Grev. 2150. Helotium clazo-flavum. Berk. '' Bright Yellow Helotium." Yellow, gregarious, minute, obconical, at length somewhat plane ; margin raised, obtuse, externally somewhat paler. — Peziza claro-flava, Grev. Fl. ed.p. 424. Eng. Fl. y.p. 203. On decayed wood and branches. Very minute, the largest not half a line broad, always concave j whole plant very bright yellow j hymenium darker.— 6^ ret;. 2151. Helotium salicellum,. Fr. " Willow.twig Helotium." Ochraceous, becoming palhd, firm, adpressed, plane ; stem very short, pallid ; sporidia fusoid-oblong with 2-4 nuclei. — Berk. Out. p. 372. Peziza salicella, Fr. S.M.n. p. 133. Ann. N.H. no. 573.* Karst. Mon. Pez.p. 134. Fckl. exs. no. 11 64. On willow twigs. Aug. — Oct. Sporidia oblong, or fusiform oblong, •023-"03 X "OOS-'OO/ m.m. — Xyl. Sporidia slightly curved with 2-4 nuclei, or 1-3 spurious septa, •025-"029 X -OOo-'OOG m.m.— Karst. 2152. Helotium versiforme . Fr. "Twisted Helotium." Gregarious, substipitate ; head deformed, somewhat twisted, yellow -olive, externally purplish ; sporidia elongated and ob- tuse at either end. — Berk. Outl.p. 372, t. 2,/. 6. Peziza versi- 2h 714 ELVELLACEI. formic, Fr. S.^f. u.p. 130. Pers. Ic. ^ Des. t 7,/. 7. Ann. N.H. no. 159. Karst. 3/ on. Pez. j). 141. Berk. exs. no. 274. On ash stumps. Apethorpe. [Up. Carolina.] Sporidia elongated, -OOS-'OU X •003--004 m.m.— Karst. 2153. Helotium subsessile. Sch. *' Umber Helotium " Small, pallid; head plano-convex; disc pale-umber; stem very short, umber-brown at the base; asci clavate ; sporidia ob- long, sublanceolate, with two or more nuclei. — Schura. Saell.p. 415. Be?^k. Outl. p. 372. Pezizahelotioides,Fr. S.M.n. p.Vd^. Ann. N.H. no. 573. Fl. Dan. 1. 1855,/. 3. On dead branches. Oct. King's Cliffe. Of a dull ochre rather than umber, the stem is very thick, obconical, and m.erely a prolongation of the pileus j the hymenium convex. — M.J.B. 2154. Helotium pruinosum. Jcrd, " Frosted Helotium." Minute, sessile, or very shortly stipitate, entirely white, prui- nose ; disc pale flesh colour ; sporidia elongato-cymbiform, 3-4 nucleate.—^. ^. Br. Ann. N.H. (1866J, no. 1174, t. 5,/. 33. On Hy poxy Ion fuscuni and Diatrype stigina. Scotland. The hymenium, which has sometimes a slight bluish tinge, is pruinose, as well as the outer surface ; sporidia '0006 in. long (sometimes •0004-*0005 in. long), "OlS m.m. (•01-'012 m.m.). 2155. Helotium zhizophiluzn. FcM. *• Grass-root Helotium." Cups at first infundibuliform, then plane, immarginate, exter- nally and stem whitish mealy ; disc egg-yellow ; asci linear, at- tenuated at each end ; sporidia sub-distichous, cylindrical, straight, hyaline. — Fdd. exs. no. 1598. Cihoria rhizophila, Fckl. Sym.Myc. p.3\2. On rhizomes of grasses. May. Shere. (E.G.) Cups \\ line broad ; stem 3 lines long. 2156. Helotium hexbazum.. Fr. " Herbaceous Helotium." Between fleshy and waxy, smooth, white ; head piano- convex, adpressed ; stem very short ; sporidia elongated, straight, or curved. — Berh.Outl.p. 372. Peziza herharum^Fr. S .M .\i. p. 136. Eng. Fl. v.p. 204. Karst. Mon. Fez. p. 146. Karst. exs. no. 81. Rabh. F.E. ii. no. 810. Desm. exs. 1, no. 603, ii.no. 568. Fckl. exs. wo. 1147. On dead leaves, stems, &c. Autumn. [Mid. Carolina.] ELVELLACEI. 715 GreDfarious, fleshy, adpressed, convex, sometimes depressed; stem ex- tremely short. — £/ici. Fl. Sporidia fusiform, •01--014 X •002--0025 m.m.- Nyl Sporidia straight or curved, uniseptate, •009-"014 X '002 m.Ta..—Karst. 2157. Helotium epiphyllum. Fr. " Dead leaf Helotium." Subsessile, smooth, convexo-plane, marginate, pallid-oclira- ceous, — Berk Outl.p. 372. Pezizaepiphylla. Fr. S.M. \i.p. 137. Karst. Mon. Pez.p. ] 43. FcJd. exs. no. 1145. On dead leaves. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia oblong, or fusiform oblong, simple, •013--018 X 'OOSo-'OOiS m.m. Nyl. Sporidia straight or curved, •012--017 X •003-'004 m.va.- Karst. 2158. Helotium fagineum. Fr. "Beech Helotium." Minute ; head nearly plane, whitish ; stem short, thick. — Berk. Outl. p. 372, Pezizafaginea. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 136. Scop. Ann.iv.t. 2,/. 3. Johnst.Fl. Beriv.ii.p.lh^. Fng.Fl.Y.p. 20^. Ann. N.H. no. 963*. Fckl. exs. no. 1146. On decayed twigs, straws, beech mast, &c. Sporidia ovate-oblong, hyaline, continuous. 2159. Helotium punctatum. Fr. "Point-like Helotium." Bright yellow, very minute, gregarious, punctiform, globular, at length plane, or subconvex, margin minutely crenate. — Grev. t.63. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 206. On dead oak leaves. Near Edinburgh. 2160. Helotium marchantiae. Fr. " Marchantia Helotium." Eather thick, obconic, pale yellowish-brown, marginate, flexuose ; disc flat ; asci clavate ; sporidia elliptic. — Berk. Outl. p. 312. Fezizamarchantice. Berk.Eng.Fl.Y.p. 204:. On fading Marchantia hemispherica. May. Whittlesea Mere. Smooth 1| line broad, head quite confluent with the thick stem, so as to be irregularly and obtusely obconic ; flesh white ; hymenium thin. — M. J. B. 2161. Helotium ferrugineum. Fr. '■ Rusty Helotium."' Substipitate, obconic, disc concave, ferruginous-yellow, extern- ally and tumid margin pallid yellow. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 356. Peziza ferruginea. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 134. Bull. t. 300, var. Ann. N.H. no. 962. On dead wood. Twy cross. 2h 2 716 ELVELLACET. Gen. 298. PSILOPEZIA, Berk. Indeterminate, immargin ate, agglutinate ; hymenium always exposed. — Bei^k. Outl.p. 373. The typical representative of this genus has only been found once. It re- Bemhles a. Itkizi7ia jnore thsiu a Feziza, though at first included with the latter, but it has not the peculiar roots of the former. The spores differ also from those in PJdzina. 2162. Psilopezia Babingtonii. Psilopezia." Berh. " Babington's Small, convex above, mouse brown, fixed by the margin ; be- neath concave, pale watery-brown, slightly rugose, with obsolete fibrils ; spores broadly ellij^tic ; paraphyses linear, clavate. — Berk. Outl.j). 373. Peziza Babingtonii. Ann.N.H. no. 554. On rotten wood. Grace Dieu Wood, Leicestershire. _ Cup \ in. or more broad, contracting greatly in drying, irregular in out- line, convex above, mouse brown, concave beneath, and slightly wrinkled, pale watery brown, fixed by the borderj asci linear ; spores broadly elliptic j paraphyses linear, their apices clavate. Gen. 299. PATELLARIA, Fr. Receptacle patell^eform, margined, always open ; hymenium even, sub- persistent, but dusty, from the break- ing up of the asci ; asci fixed. — Berk. Outl.p. 373. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 158. (Fig. 333.; Fig. 333. 2163. Patellaria atzata. Fr. " Large Black Patellaria." Subcoriaceous, patellaeform, sessile, plane, black, margin swollen ; disc subpruinose ; asci cylindrico-clavate ; sporidia subclavate, 5-7 septate. — Fr. S.M. i\.p. 160. Eng. Fl. v. p. 208. Hedw. t. 21, f. A. Nees.f. 265 B. Lecanidion atrum. Rabh. Hdbk^ p. 342. Fckl. exs. no. 1118. On dead wood. [United States.] Sporidia (•0018-'0025 in.) ■045-'06 m.m. long; paraphyses clavate. — C. E.B. Dr. Capron has a black Patellaria similar to, but smaller than P. atrata, in which the sporidia are biseriate, broadly clavate, rounded at each end, 9 septate, with a nucleus in each cell, except the terminal, •0015-*0020 in. long (Fig. 333.) ELYELLACEI. 717 2164. Patellaria xhabaxbaxina. BerTi. " Rhubarb-coloured Patellaria." IVIinute, sessile, disseminated, plane, or slightly convex, ocli- raceo-ferrnginous, externally clothed with tawny, mealy pubes- cence ; flesh bright rhubarb-coloured ; asci clarate ; sporidia oblong; paraphyses spathulate. — Berk. Outl.p.'^lZ. Rav. exi.Y. no. 46. Peziza rhaharbarina. Eng. Fl. v. j^. 197. Berh. exs. no. 271. Ann.N.H. no. 89. Fez. ardenensis. Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat. v, p. 287. Fatellaria ruhi. Lib. exs. no. 231. Fezicularhabarba- rina. TuL Carp.iii. p. 183. Helotium rabi. Rabh. F.E. 717. Fckl. exs. no. 2075. On dead bramble. [United States.] 2165. Patellaria citrina. B. d: Br. "Lemon -coloured Fatellaria." Cups plane, externally pallid ; hymenium lemon-coloured ; asci clavate ; sporidia filiform. — Ann.N.H. no. ^'83. Berk. Outl. p. 373. Ascobolus citrinis. Chev. F. III. i. t. 31. On rose twigs in a running stream. April. Near Swansea. It has a broad, flat, yellow hymenium, with a pale border. The asci are clavate, and contain long filiform sporidia. 2166. Fatellaria clavispora. B. d; Br. " Club-spored Patellaria." Soft, when young nearly globose, when older expanding, sub- irregular, pitch-brown; sporidia clavate, 4-6 septate. — B. 4'- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 7 7 4=. On twigs of privet. Nov. Lucknam, Wilts. Substance beneath the hymenium paler ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia elon- gated, clavate ('001 to "0014 in.) •02o-"035 m.m.long, 4-6 septate ; paraphyses branched, bearing at their tips one or more dark bodies, sometimes arranged like the joints of a necklace. The fructification is so remarkable that there can be no difiiculty in recognising it, though its external appearance does not differ greatly from some other species. AnAmerican species P. iLafe?ia^-ii B, has a similar development of the tips of the paraphyses. 2167. Patellaria livida. B. S" Br. " Livid Patellaria." Gregarious, often crowded, subhemispherical, sessile, oliva- ceous-yellow, margin whitish ; externally minutely silky ; asci subfusiform ; sporidia oblong, or elliptic. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 775. On fallen firs. Dec. Gopsal. 718 ELVELLACEI. Minute, olivaceons-yellow, greyisli when dry, sessile, hemispherical, fixed by a small point, minutely silky externally, margin dirty white ; hyme- nium plane; asci subfusiform, bulging in the centre, often geniculate ; spo- ridia oblong or elliptic fperhaps immature;. It has a Lichenoid aspect, but has no crust whatever. 2168. Patellairia atro-alba. Cooke. " Black and white Patellaria." Gregarious or scattered, small, sessile, at length j)lane, black; disc white; sporidia fusiform, 7-septate, hyaline. On decorticated sticks. Shere (E. C). Variable in size, usually gregarious, but always small ; readily dis- tinguished from its allies by the white disc ; sporidia broadly fusiform ("OOIS in.) 03 m.m. long. 2169. Patellaria discolor. Mont. " Umber Patellaria." Ceraceous, suberumpent, gregarious, sessile, piano -patellate; externally umber-brown ; disc waxy- yellow ; asci clavate ; spo- ridia fusiform, hyaline, with 4 nuclei.. — Mont. >%/^. p. 190. Berk. Outl.p. 373. On fallen branches. [Low. Carolina.] 2170. Patellaria proxima. B, ^ Br. " Allied Black Patellaria." Orbicular, shield-like, depressed, somewhat immersed, black; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, obtuse at either end, slightly curved. 4-5 septate. — Ann. N.H. no. 965, 1. 16,/. 18. On dead oak. Dec. Barking. Closely resembling P. atrata, but differing materially in the fruit. 2171. Patellaria atro-vinosa. Blow. ** Purplish Patellaria." Gregarious ; disc minute, round, or of irregular outline, almost black, distinctly margined ; margin of a vinous purple colour; sporidia almost colourless, but with a greenish tinge, narrowly almond-shaped or curved ; endochrome tripartite. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv.^. 155, t. 25, /. 31. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1078. Gopsal, near Twycross. Tlie description is taken from the dried plant. The specimens grew in a densely crowded manner, and the difference in colour between the disc and margin is very striking. Sporidia ('0009 in.; '022 m.m. long. ELVELLACEI. 719 2172. Patellaria aquatica. Curr. " Aquatic Patellaria." Disc minute, scarcely a line wide, of a brownish tinge, dis- tinctly margined, usually quite round and compact ; sporidia colourless, 1-3 septate. — Carr. Linn. Trans, xxiv./). 155, t. 25,/. 23. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1079. On dead rushes, in water. Weybridge. May, 1862. The shape of the sporidia varies from cylindrical (and uniseptate) when youn^, to elliptical (2-3 septate), when mature (•0()09--00 11 in) •022--027 m.m. long. The excipulum is formed of small distinct brown cells. 2173. Patellaria palustris. Curr. " Swamp Patellaria." Disc very dark bluish-gray, almost black, margined, round, or irregular, not a line wide ; excipulum composed of small, distinctly outlined cells ; sporidia colourless, narrowly turbinate, elliptical or curved. — Curr. Linn. Trans. xxW.p. 155, t. 25,/. 35. B.^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1080. On dead rushes in water. Paul's Cray. May, 1862. Sporidia (•OOOl-'OOOo in.) •01--0125 m.m. long. 2174. Patellaria olivacea. Batsch. " Olive Patellaria." Disc at first circular, dark olive-green ; margin greenish- brown, strongly incurved, ribbed and granular ; disc ultimately effused, dark olive-green, with a narrow brown margin, the latter very slightly incurved ; sporidia elliptical, or slightly turbinate, clear bluish-green, uniseriate, binucleate. — Rhizina nigro-olivacea, Curr. Linn. Titans, xxiv p. 494,?. 51,/. 10-12. Patellaria olivacea, Batsch. f. 51. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1077, t. 15,/. 22. On rotten willow. Tt runs over the wood in an irregular manner, like thethallus of a Peltidea. In its young state it is truly Peziza-\\ke, and very beautiful ; sporidia (•0003-'U004 in.), 'OOZG-'Ol m.m. long; disc at first |to i in., ultimately ^xiu or more across. 2175. Patellaria bicolor. Curr. '• Two-coloured Patellaria." Disc variable in size, bright golden-yellow, fringed with rough hairs, sometimes of the same colour as the disc, sometimes of a beautiful scarlet, occasionally there is a tuft of hairs in the middle of the disc, corresponding with the point of attachment 720 ELVELLACEI. to the wood ; sporldia colourless, biseriate, slightly curved, 3- septate, — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv. 494, t. 51,/. 15, 16. On wood somewhat decayed. It might at first sight be taken for a Peziza, but the toughness of its texture, and its septate sporidia point clearly to the genus Patellaria ; disc not more than l in. broad ; sporidia (■U007--0008 in.) •0177--02 m.m. long. —F.C. 2176. Patellaria constipata. Blox. MSS. " Fir-bark Patellaria." Gregarious, or in a short series, irregular, compressed and contorted, shortly stipitate, furfuraceous, honey-coloured or brownish ; sporidia biseriate, cylindrical obtuse, triseptate, slightly constricted, hyaline, or yellowish. On bark of firs. Gopsal. (Rev. A. Bloxam.) 2177. Patellaria lignyota. Fr. " Sooty Patellaria." Sessile, dry, convexo-plane, then expanded, blackish ; margin tumid ; disc dingy ; sporidia elliptical, uniseptate, brownish. — Rahli. no. 1 1 52. Peziza lignyota, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 150. Ann. N.H. 710. 579. On dead wood. Feb. Wraxall. Shere. Scattered or subgregarious, \ line broad, thin, horny when dry, black, softer when moist ; disc sooty-black, subperenuial ; sporidia somewhat re- sembling those of a Diplodia. 2178. Patellaria parvula. CooTte. " Little Black Patellaria." Minute, scattered, black, somewhat erumpent, thin, contorted when dry ; margin linear ; sporidia elongated-elliptical, rounded at the ends, triseptate, hyaline. On bleached decorticated sticks. Shere. (E.G.) Sporidia ('OOOS in.) '02 m.m. long. 2179. Patellaria lecideola. Fr. " Lecidea-like I atellaria." Sessile, minute, somewhat horny, concave, black, seated upon a cinereous spot-like crust. — Peziza lecideola, Fr. S.M. \\.p. 151. Fr. Obs. i. t. 4t,f. 1. Excipula lecideola. Fries, exs.no. 157. On dead wood. ELYELLACEI. 721 Gen, 300. SFHZNCTRZNA, Fr. Excipulum almost horny, naked, pierced with a narrow, quite entire mouth; disc at length dusted with the sporidia. — Berk. Outl. p. 373. (Fig. 334.; 2180. Sphinctrina turbinata. Fr. " Top- shaped Spbinctrina." Receptacles turbinate, sub-sessile, black, shining ; disc punctiform, black, opaque ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia globose, brown. — Fr. S.V.S.p.2>^Q. Spharia sphinctrina, Soiu. t. 386,/. 1. Bnll. t. 4-44, /. ] . Calicium turhinahtm, Pers. (lisp. Supp. 56. Fcl'I. exs. no. 1116. Ach. Meth. p. 56. Linds. Pop. Lich. t. xvi./. 16-19. On Pertusaria. [United States.] This species is inserted here, although I do not consider it a fungus, but rather a lichen. {t'i'J- 334). 2181. Sphinctrina tigillaris. B.<^Br. " Rafter Sphinctrina." Stem short, cylindrical ; head elliptic; sporidia oblong, uni- septate.— i?. ^ Br. Ann. X.H. (1865), no. 1093. On an old Foli/porus, from a beam in . King's Cliffe Church, and on wood. Batheaston. Extremely minute, looking at first like a little Stilhum. It gives oflf a few- threads on the surface of the matrix. Ihe stem consists of little oblong cells. Sporidia (•00015--0003 in.) -OOSo-'OOrS m.m. long. Fig. 334. Gen. 301. LAQUEARIA, Fr. Disc waxy, persistent, without any hypothecium, but covered with a homy, coriaceous, dimidiate, su- perior, deciduous, excipulum; mouth contracted. — Berk. Outl. p. 373. {Fig. 335.) Fig. 335. 2182. Laquearia sphaeralis. Fr. " Urn-shaped Laquearia." Erumpent, hemispherical, brown black, urceolate ; mouth contracted, entire ; disc plane, black ; asci oblong, sessile ; 2h 5 722 ELVELLACEI. sporidia minute, oblon.c^-elHptic, hyaline, simple.— /V. S.V.S.p. 366. Berk. OvtJ. p. 373. Stictis sphceralis, Fr. SM. ii. p. 194. Eng. Fl. V. ;7. 213. Fdd. exs. no. 2066. On dead branches of ash. Winter. {Fig. 335.) Gen. 302. TYMPANIS, Tode. Receptacle margined, cyathi- form, horny ; hymenium at first veiled, then breaking up. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 173. Berh. Outl. p. 373. {Fig. 336.) 2183. Tympanis frangulae. F7\ " Buckthorn Tympanis." Sessile, turbinato-truncate, roundish, opaque, blackish; disc umber, margin sub-obliterated; Fig. 336. asci broadly cylindrico-oblong, very obtuse; sporidia ovate or ovate-oblong, at length 3-4 sejDtate, brown. — Fr. S.M. \i. p. 11^. Fckl.exs.no. 764. Der7nateafrangulce,Tul. Carp.\\\.p. 161. Ann. Sc.Nat. XX (1853), 1. 16,/. 1-8. Peziziculafrangulce. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 21^, t. 4,/. 46. On Rhamnus frangula. Shere (Surrey), and Highgate (Mid- dlesex). The stylosporoTis condition is not uncommon late in the autumn, and during winter J the ascigerous state was collected in April. (Fig. 336.) 2184. Tympanis alnea. Pers. " Alder Tympanis." Substipitate, opaque, blackish-umber ; cups subflexuose, ob- soletely marginate ; asci oblong ; sporidia filiform, continuous. —Fr. S.M. ii. p. 174. Fng. FI.y. p. 210. Fckl. exs. no. 768 Cenangium alneum. Fckl. Sym. Myc. On alder. Appin. Minute, at first resembling a csespitose Sphceria, externally brownish. 2185. Tympanis fraxini. Schm. " Ash Tympanis." Subsessile, turbinato-truncate, shining, black ; disc plane, rugose, marginate. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 174. Ffig. Fl. v. p. 210. Cenangium fraxini. Tul.Ann /S'c. iV^ai. xx.p. 140. Fckl. exs.no. 1125. On ash branches. Winter and spring. [Mid. Carolina.] ELVELLACEI. 723 Breaking through, the bark in small fascicles, consisting of a few indi- ▼iduals only, which increase in breadth from the base ; margin prominent, obtuse, flexuous ; disc opaque, rather soHd, punctato-rugose.— i^ries. 2186. Tympanis conspersa. Fr. " Apple Tympanis." Caespitose, at first closed, sph^erifeform, naked, black, soon open, whitish and pulverulent from the fragments of the broken veil. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. lib. Grev. t. 335. Berk. exs. no. 160. Ust. Ann. i. t. i,/. 6. Fchl. exs. no. 769. Nees.f. 231. Eng. Fl. v. p. 211. Ti^/. Arin. »S'c.iYa^. XX, (1853), i. 16, /. 15-16. Cenangium conspersum. Fckl. Sym. Myc,p. 272. On apple, hawthorn, &c. [Mid. Carolina.] 2187. Tympanis ligustxi. Tnl. '* Privet Tympanis." Sessile, subelongated, rather shining, black ; disc concave, marginate ; asci broadly cylindrical ; sporidia, minute, ovate, or ovate-oblong, numerous. — Tul. Carp. \i\. p. lo4:. T.saligna. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 176 (in part.) Tode i. t. 4, /. 57. Ann. N.H. no. 584. Fckl. exs. no. 767. Berk. Outl. t. 1,/. 10. Eahh. exs. no. 229. Cenangium ligustri. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 2Qii. On privet. "A very curious circumstance has occurred in this species. In the same hyraenium the fruit of a Di^lodia and that of a Tympanis were present." — B. d: Br. Gen. 303. CENANGIUM, Fr. Eeceptacle coriaceous, closed at first, then open, marginate, covered with a thick cuticle ; hyme- nium persistent. — Fr. S. 3I.ii.p.l78. Berk. Outl. p. 374. (Fig. 38- ^ ■6..) Fr. " Currant Cenangium," Fig, 337. 2188. Cenangium xibis. Ceespitose, nearly naked, blackish-brown, cup subturbinate, margin fimbriate, sub-connivent ; disc pallid ; stems connate, in a tubercle; asci linear, obovate; sporidia crowded, linear, clavate, straight at length 3-6 septate. —Fr. S.M. n.p. 179. Schm. exs. no. 75. Fries, exs. no. 131. Fckl. exs. no. 2277. Ann.N.H.no. 585. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat.xx. (1853), t. 16,/. 9-11. Tul. Carp. HI J9, 164, ^,19,/. 1-9, On currant twigs, Sporidia 'OSo-'OSS m.m. long, 'OOl-'OOS m.m. broad. 724 ELVELLACEI. 2189. Cenangium cerasi. Fr. *' Cherry Cenangium." Pycxidia. Pcrithecia pustulate, innate, sub-cylindrical, de- formed by mutual pressure ; ostiola white ; spores curved above. Micropera drupacearum. Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1846), p. 283. See n«\ 1375, ante. AscoPHORE. Subc^espitose, irregular, at first tuberculate, rugose, reddish-clay colour, at length expanding into blackish cups, plane above ; sporidia oblong, rounded at the ends, curved, hyaline, simple. — Fi\ S.M. ii. jh 179. Eng. Fl. v. p. 211. Pers. Ic.pict.t. 20, f. 1. Be?'k. exs. no. 161. Moug. exs. no. 494. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. xx. (1853), 1. 16, /. 12, 13. Fez. cerasi. Grev. Fl. Fd.p.426. On wild cherry, &c. [S. Carolina.] 2190. Cenangium prunastri. Fr. " Sloe Cenangium." Subc^espitose, rather horny, naked, blackish; cups at first awl-shaped, then open, concave, substipitate. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 180. Berk. exs. no. 163. Fng. Fl. v. p. 211. Dermatea prunastri. FcH.exs. nos. 1843, 1126. Peziza prunastri. Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 425. On sloe. [Mid. Carolina.] Bursting tlirough the bark in the gnise of awl-shaped bodies, which gradually become depressed in the centre, and at length expand into a cup. C. cerasi sometimes puts on the same form. — M.J.B. 2191. Cenangium aucupariae. Fr. " Mountaiii Ash Cenangium." C^espitose, black, sprinkled with whitish meal ; cups at first elongated, somewhat cylindrical, closed, at length open at the apex. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 181. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 212. Peziza aucuparice. Grev.Fl.Ed.p.^26. On mountain ash. Autunm. — Spring. 2192. Cenangium pulveraceum. Fr. "Powdery Cenangium." Gregarious, blackish, covered with a dense cinereous powder ; cup subglobose, with the simple stem turbinate. — Fr. S.M, ii.j9. 181. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 212. A. S,- S.t.^,f.2. On wood. [Up. Carolina.] 2193. Cenangium fuliginosum. Fr. "Sooty Cenangium." Cups irregular, dingy-brown, crowded into broad patches ; disc pale, growing in a widely effused, more or less ambient, ELVELLACEI. 725 subiculum ; paraphyses simple or forked ; asci clavato-linear ; sporidia filiform-lanceolate, multi-septate. — Fr. El. ii. p. 23. Eng. Fl. y.p. 212. Tul. Carp. m.p. 166. On sallow branches. Sporidia. 2194. Cenangium ferzuginosum. Fr. " Eust-coloured Cenangium." Gregarious, coriaceo-membranaceoiis, siibsessile, rugose, sub- pruinose, reddish-black, mouth compressed, inflexed, spread- ing when moist ; disc yellowish ; asci obovate-oblong ; sporidia ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse. — Fr. Scler. exs. no. 292. Eny. Fl. V. p. 212. Grev. 1. 197. FcJcl. exs.no. 1122. CUthrisferruginosura. Fr. S.M. \\.p. 187. Moug. exs. no. 399. On Scotch fir. [Mid. Carolina.] Cups covered with ferruginous powder. Sporidia "01 m.m. long, each containing one or two nuclei. {Fig. 337-) 2193. Cenangium xubi. Fr. " Easpbeny Cenangium." Innato-erumpent ; cups somewhat horny, even, nearly plane, black ; at length the disc open, becoming pale. — Grev. t. 334. Excipula rubi. Fr.exs.no. 101, S.M. ii. p. 190. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 296. On raspberry. Gen. 304. ASCOBOLUS, Tode. Fig. 838. Receptacle orbicular, mar- ginate ; disc patellteform ; asci exploded. (Fig. 338.) A. Epixyles velterrestres. 2196. Ascobolus denu- datus. Fr. "Naked Ascobolus." Gregarious, yellowish - green, smooth, turbinate, substipitate ; disc plane ; asci clavate ; paraphyses simple ; sporidia violet, ir- 726 ELVELLACEl. regularly rugose, ovate, or elliptic. — Fr. S.^f.\\. p. 1G4. Cooke Seem. J. Bat. Jfat/, 18G4, Ji'j. 2. FckL exs. no. 1849. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.II. no. 1083, 1. 16, /. 24. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (18G9), x. t. b,f. 3. On old fir poles. On the ground attached to little roots, &c. Oct. Marlborough Forest. Sporidia violet coloured when mature, irregularly rugose, ovate or elliptic (0007-0008 in.) •0177-'02 m.m. long. 2197. Ascobolus viridis. Curr. " Green Ascobolus," Sessile, plane, or very slightly concave, of a dark, dingy, yel- lowish-green colour, externally very furfuraceous, almost tomen- tose; sporidia elliptic-acuminate, rugoso-striate, amethyst-pur- ple.— Curr. Linn. Trans.xxiv. p. 154, 1863. Cooke Seem. Journ. 1864. Baud. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x. t. b,f. 4. B.^Br. Ann. N.H. 7Z0. 1081. On clay ground. Sept. Oct. Near Bristol. 2198. Ascobolus Cxouani. Conke (non Bond). •' Vermillion Ascobolus." Yermillion-red, sessile, fleshy, smooth, first urceolate, then hemispherical ; hymenium flat, surrounded by a more or less incised, soft, vrhite, membranceous frill ; asci wide, straight, or incurved ; sporidia when young having a large nucleus in the centre, surrounded by a circle of smaller ones, then verrucosa, and finally reticulated; paraphyses filamentous, simple, or forked, thickened at the apex, and much longer than the asci. — Fckl. €Xs.no.\^d2>. Cooke exs. no. 286. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. Ma?/, 1864:^ f. 3. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1085, 1. 16,/. 26. Ascobolus miniatus, Crouan (non Prevss), Ann. des. Sc. Nat. 1858, vol. x. p. 197, 1. 13, /. i. 44 — 47. Crouania miniata, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 320. On the earth, amongst small mosses. Autumn. Receptacle composed of round or oval cells, very small, closely packed, intermixed with articulated, hyaline, anastomosing, or confluent filaments ; *' sporidia when mature beautifully reticulated, like those of some truffles." Boudier ( Aan. Sc. Nat. f 1869^, x, p. 257) says that this is not an Ascobolus, but a Peziza (Huniaria). 2199. Ascobolus jungexxnanniae. B. & Br. " Verdigris Ascobolus." Scattered, sessile, fleshy, smooth, deep verdigris-green ; cups plane, marginate ; asci slightly clavate ; sporidia elliptic, in- tense verdigris-green ; paraphyses clavate at the tips, greenish. ELVELLACEI. 727 — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1082, 1. 16,/. 23. Pezizajungermannice, Nees. Fr. S.M. \\.p. 144. Pseudopeziza jungermannice, Fdcl. Sym. Myc. p. 291. On JungermannicB. Jedburgh, and near Shere. Asci slightly clavate, at length projecting ; sporidia elliptic ('0006 in.) *015 ra.m. long, sometimea rather irregular, of an intense verdigris-green when fresh, as are also the clavate-tipped paraphyses. B. Stercoricoles, Bond. 2200. Ascobolusfurfuraceus. Pers. " Mealy Ascobolus." Sessile, slightly concave, brown or greenish, externally fur- furaceous ; asci clavate, with an inner separable membrane ; spo- ridia almond-shaped, biseriate, rugose, amethyst-purple. — Per^s. Obs.i.t.4,f. 3-6. Fr.S.M. n.p. 163. Grev. t. 307. Berk. Eng. Fl. V. p. 209. Outl. p. 374. Currey Linn. Trans, xxiv. t. xxv.f. 9, 10. Rav. exs. vi. no. 81. Fckl. exs. no. 1132. Cooke Seem. Journ. May, 1864,/^. 1. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x. t. 6,f. 6-10. Peziza stercoraria, Bidl. t. 376. 538,/. 4. Sow. 1. 18, 389./. 3-6. P.fmca.Bolt.t. 109,/. 2. On cow dung, all the year. Very common. {F^g- 338.) [United States.] 2201. Ascobolus vinosus. B. " Purplish. Ascobolus." Sessile, at first globose, then depressed, smooth, dull purple, orifice laciniate ; asci nearly linear, thickest at their tips ; sporidia elliptical, rugose, at first colourless, then purple, eventually brcwn. — Berk. Eng. Fl. y. p. 209. Outl. p. 374. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864. Berk. exs. no. 159. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1083* 1. 16,/. 25. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869 j, x. «. 6, /. 11. Fckl. exs. no. 1852. On rabbit dung. Sporidia "OOOG-'OOOS in.) "OlS-'Oir? m.m. long. Stylospores occur in this species occasionally at the tips of the paraphyses ; cup 1 line broad, adher- ing by branched threads, at first globose, then nearly plane, opening with about five lacinise, which, as it expands, are again divided. — M.J.B. 2202. Ascobolus sexugineus. Fr. " Dull-green Ascobolus." Gregarious, sessile, nearly plane, marginate, smooth, greenish ; asci clavate, attenuated downwards ; sporidia elliptic, violet, or violet purple. — Fries. Ohs. \i. p.2>10. Sys.JIyc.n.p. 164. Cooke 728 ELVELLACEI. Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x. t. IJ. 12. A. marginatus, Schum. Saell. li.p, 437. On horse-dung. August. 2203. Ascobolus glaber. Pers. " Smooth Ascobolus." Sessile, minute, smooth, shining, somewhat convex, margin- ate, colour variable from white or orange to vinous-brown ; asci nearly equal ; sporidia at first hyaline, then amber-coloured, at length deep violet, reticulated. — Pers. Obs. i. t. 4c, f. 7. Syn.p. 667. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 164. FcU. exs. no. 1 134. Berh. Eng. Fl. v. p. 209. Outl.p. 374. CooJce Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864,/^. 4. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1085*, t. 16,/. 27. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x. t. 7, /. 13-15. On cow dung and rabbits' dung. Autumn. Bathford and Ascot. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia (-0005 in. broad, •0009--001 in long), -0127 X •022-'025 m.m. 2204. Ascobolus immersus. Pers. " Large-spored Ascobolus." Yery small, clear greenish-yellow , smooth, subcylindrical or hemispherical ; hymenium flat ; asci large and wide ; sporidia very large, ovoid, surrounded by a wide, hyaline membrane, pur- ple violet; paraphyses colourless, filiform. — Pers. Obs. t. 4,/. 7, d. e. Baud. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x. t. 8, /. 17. Nees.f. 297. A. macrosiJorus. Crouan Ann. desSc. Nat. 1857, vol, vii. p. 74, t. 4, 5, 8. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864, /ig. 7. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1089, i. 17,/. 33. On old cow dung, and on sheep and horse dung. Autumn. Batheaston. Receptacles small ; the cells which compose it anastomose, and form a reticulated tissue. "Mr. Currey observes that the amethyst-coloured epispore tears off in riband-like shreds." Sporidia ("0025 in.) 'OG-'OGS m.m. long. 2205. Ascobolus brunneus. CooTie. "Brown Ascobolus.*' Cups minute, globose, then depressed, sessile, externally pilose, pale ochre ; asci broadly clavate, short ; paraphyses fili- form ; sporidia elliptic, at first hyaline, and granular, at length brown. — Cooke exs. no. 286 (1867). Hedwigia y'i. p. 154, not J.. brunneus. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869.) On cow dung. Shere. Sporidia ^'OOl-'OOlS in. long, "0006 in. broad), •025--035 X "015 m.m. ELVELLACEI. 729 C. Saccobolus. Bond. 2206. Ascobolus Kezverni. Crouan. " Golden Ascobolus " Very small, fine golden-yellow, sessile, hemispherical, some- times subcylindrical ; hymenium flat or convex ; asci wide, in- curved, spores elliptical, first white, then rosy, and finally of a beautiful violet, disposed at the summit of the ascus, in an oblong mass, enclosed in a hyaline membrane ; paraphyses simple, fili- form, a little thickened at their summit, and of a yellow colour. — Crouan. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1858, vol. x. p. 193, 1. 13, f. B. 7-11. Fckl. exs.no. 1836. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864:, Jig. 8. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1090 t. 11 J. 34. In small groups upon old cow dung. Oct. Bathford. Receptacle composed of a thin filamentous tissue, anastomosing in a re- ticulated manner. " The sporidia are dark violet when mature, and not reticulated. When young they nearly fill the ascus, but when mature are confined to a small space. When their proper envelope bursts, a number of minute globular bidiea escape, apparently of a different character from the coarser ones which fill the space between the primary and secondary membranes when they are immature." — B. tt Br. 2207. Ascobolus depauperatus. B.&Br. "Pallid Ascobolus." Cups minute, plane, pallid, then vinous ; asci short ; sporidia obtusely fusiform, lurid violet, even ; paraphyses slightly incras- sated.— Z^. ()• Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1084, 1. 14,/. 6. On dung of sheep, horse, and deer. Bathford, &c. Cups minute, not exceeding 1-lOOth in. diameter, yellowish when young, becoming vinous, but sometimes when old, losing their purplish tint ; spo- ridia as in ^4. vinosm and some others, collected in a distinct sac, (•0U04- •0005 in.) •01--0127m.m. long, by (-00025 in.) '0065 m.m. wide, which is only half the dimensions of those of ^4. vinosus, the cups of which, moreover, are many times as large. — B. d: Br. D. AscoPHANUs. Bond. 2208. Ascobolus granuliforxnis. Crouan, "Grain-like Ascobolus." Sessile, sphaerical, pale yellow-ochre, translucent, opaque in the centre, smooth; asci very small, wide; sporidia hyaline, oval ; paraphyses colourless, thickened into a club -shape at their apex. — Crouan. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1858, vol. x. p. 196, 1. 13, /, 27- 31. FcJd. exs. no. 1850. Cooke Seem^ J. Bot, May, 1864,, Jig. 5. 730 ELVELLACEl. B. ^- Br. Ann. N. TI.no. l()d>(j, t. 17, f. 31. Ascoplianus granuli- formis. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x. 1. 10, f. 31. On cow dung. Oct. Nov. Common. Receptacle formed by an anastomosing^, reticulated filamentous tissue, of an extreme thinness ; sporidia (•0004-'0005 in.) •01-"0127 m.m. long ('OOOS in.) *0076 m.m. wide. 2209. Ascobolus microspozus. B. ^ Br. " Small-spored Ascobolus." Cups minute, whitish, depressed; asci elongated; sporidia elUptic, at length violet, even ; paraphyses globose at the apex, filled with a greenish yellow endochrome. — B. 4" Br. Ann. N.H. (1865), no. 1087, 1. 16,/. 28. A. Ccemansii. Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869),x. ^. 10,/.30. On dung of cows and sheep. Batheaston. Cups very minute, paler than in A. gramdiformis, dirty-white or yel- lo^vish-brown ; bymenium granulated with the tips of the asci, which are often furnished at the base with a little narrow oblique stem ; sporidia (•0003 in.) -0076 m.m. long, by ('00015 in.) 'OOSS m.m. wide, quite smooth ; tips of paraphyses filled with coloured endochrome, which makes them very conspicuous. This difi"ers materially from A. granuliformis in the size of the fruit, which is proportionally narrower ; the colour also is dif- ferent.— B. d: Br. 2210. Ascobolus argenteus. Curr. " Silvery Ascobolus." Gregarious, exceedingly minute, barely visible to the naked eye, subpyriform, of a silvery-white colour ; sporidia elliptical, colourless. — F. Currey, in litt. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864, fig. 6. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1088, t. 17, /. 32. Ascophanus argenteus, Bond. Ann. Sc. iVai. (1869), x. 1. 11,/. 32. On cow-dung. Nov. Eltham. Sporidia (-0005 in.) '0127 m.m. long ('0003 in.) '0076 m.m. wide. 2211. Ascobolus sexdecemsporus. Crouan. " Sixteen-spored Ascobolus." White, then whitish-grey, at length of a clear yellowish-white, minute, sessile, hemispherical ; hymenium flat or slightly con- vex ; asci small, wide, enclosing sixteen, ovoid, hyaline spores ; paraphyses numerous, colourless ; simple or branched below, straight or curved at the apex, where they are a little thickened. — FcJd. exs. no. 1851. Crouan, Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1858, vol. x.p. 195, i. 13, f. E. 21-26. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864,/^. 9. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1091, 1. 17, f. 35. Ascophanus sexdecemsporus^ Boud. Ann. Sc. Nat. (lS6d), x. ^.11, /.35. ELVELLACEI. 731 In marshes, on the droppings of cows and horses. Oct. Hanham, near Bristol. Receptacle non-gelatinous, composed of very small hexagonal cells. Spori- dia ("0006 in ) '015 m.m. long. 2212. Ascobolus cinereus. Crouan. " Grey Ascobolus." Small, grey, sessile, smooth, hemispherical, or irregular; disc plane or a little convex ; asci large, clavate, attenuated at their base ; sporidia sub-cylindrical, colourless, para23hyses simple, filiform. — Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. iv. vol. x.p. 194,/, D. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1085, t. 17, /. 30. Ascophanus cinereus, Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), :^.t.U,f. 37. On cow-dung. Batheaston. Sporidia ('0009 m.) '022 m.m. long ("0004 in.) '01 m.m. wide. 2213. Ascobolus carneus. Pers. "Flesh-coloured Ascobolus." Gregarious, minute, sessile, plane, immarginate, smooth, flesh- coloured. — Pers. Sf/n. p. 676. Fr. S.M. ii. ;9.165. Berk. Outl. Fung. p. 374. Fckl.exs. no. 1857. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864. B. (^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1085*, t. 17, f. 29. Ascophanus carneus, Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x. t. 12,/. 38. On cow dung. Autumn. " Asci in our specimens only '0012 in. long. They are more than twice as long in A. granuliformis. Unfortunately we can find no perfect sporidia." —B. d: Br. 2214. Ascobolus sacchaxinus. B. <£,- Curr. " Sparkling Ascobolus." Scattered or crowded ; disc almost hemispherical when young, afterwards expanded and plane, of a reddish-pink, or salmon- colour, when dry paler towards the margin ; plant attached at the base by white downy threads ; hymenium somewhat glisten- ing, looking as if sprinkled with minute particles of brown sugar; sporidia elliptical, colourless. — B. ^ Curr. Berk. Outl. p. 374. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864, fig. 10. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1091*, ^. 17./. 36. Ascophanus saccharinus, Boud. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869), x.t. 12. f. 4:0. On old leather, and also on old rag. Chislehurst, Kent. Sporidia (•0007--0008 in), •0177-'02 m.m. long. 2215. Ascobolus ciliatus. Schm. " Fringed Ascobolus." Sessile, subhemispherical, smooth, orange ; disc plane ; mar- gin swollen, white, fringed with white hairs ; asci large ; sporidia 732 ELVELLACEI. broadly elliptic ; dark-violet when mature. — Schmidt , Mijc. TIefte, i.p.90. Pers.M.E.'i.p.U^. Fr. S.M. ii. p. lU. E?ig. FLy. p. 209. Berk. Outl.p. :M\. Cooke Seem. J. Bot. May, 1864. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.IL no. 1083*, t.1i,f.7. Ascophanus ciliatus, Bond. Ann. Sc.Nat.{lS6d),x.p.253. On cow-dung. Autumn. Extremely like Peziza stercorea, but the hairs are white. The asci are very large for the size of the plant, and are not altered by drying. — M.J. B. 2216. Ascobolus testaceus. B. <£' Br. Ascobolus." " Brick red Gregarious, waxy, sessile, unequal, smooth, sub-depressed, brick-red ; asci broadly cylindrical ; sporidia elliptical ; surface granular ; paraphyses slightly thickened upwards, subclavate. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1082*, 1. 14,/. 5. Helotium testaceum, Berk. Outl.p. 372. Fezizatestacea, Moug. Fr. El.ii.p. 11. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 576. Old sacking and rabbits' dung. The asci project in good fresh specimens, and the habitat indicates an Ascobolus rather than an Helotium. — B. ds Br. Gen. 305. BULGARIA, Fr. Eeceptacle orbicular, then trun- cate, glutinous within, at first closed; hymenium even, persistent, smooth. — Berk. Outl. p. 374. (Fig. 339.; ZTlVJ . Bulgaria inquinans. Fr. " Blackish Bulgaria." Turbinate, firm, externally rugu- lose, furfuraceous, umber ; disc be- coming plane, black ; asci long, ob- tuse ; sporidia large, elliptic, brown. —Fr. S.M. ii. p. 167. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. XX. (1853), i. 15,/. 1-7. Eng. Fl. V. p. 209. Cooke exs. no. 324. Fckl. exs. no. 1136. Rav. exs. v. 710.43. Fl. Dan. t. AU. Schmff.t. 158. Batsch.f. 50. IIedw.t.6, f. 5. Berk. Outl. t. 22,/ 7. Fez. mgra,Bull. t. 460,/ 1. Sow. t. 423. Nees.f.296. Fez.polymorpha,Light.ii.p. 1003. Hoff. Cr.ii. t.o,f.2. On oak trunks, &c. [United States.] Fig. 339. ELVELLACEI. 733 Totigli, elastic, gelatinous, darlc-brown, or chocolate, almost black, wrinkled, and rough externally ; disc sometimes lacunose ; stem in general blank, almost obsolete, sometimes fasciculate and confluent.— J/. J".^. {Fig. 339.) 2218. Bulgaria sazcoides. Fr. " Purplish Bulgaria.'' Stylospores — Cgespitose, soft, viscid, flesh-coloured, inclin- ing to purple, at first club-shaped, then compressed, lobed, and plicate. — Tremella sarcoides. Berk. Outl. t. 2,f. 7. Eng. Bot. t. 2450. Bolt. 1. 101,/. 2. Btdl ^.499,/. 5. Eng.Fl. y. 2^.217. AscoPHORE — C^espitose, polymorphous, rather firm, flesh-red, externally somewhat venose ; disc concave ; asci clavate ; spori- dia oblong-lanceolate, straight, or unequal, with a central nucleus. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 168. Eng. Fl. y.^j. 240. Berk. Outl. t. 18,/. 6. Bolt, t. 101 J. 2. Schceff.t. 323,324:. Hedw.t.l ,f.B. Berk.exs.no. 273. Batschf.53. Jacq. Misc.t.22. Bull. 1. 101, f. 2. Fl. Dan. t. 1017,/. 1-2. vars. Coryne sarcoides, Tul. Carp. iii.^?. 190, f. 17, / 1-10. On old stumps. [S. Carolina.] Dr. Capron undoubtedly traced Tremella sarcoides through its stages to its perfection in this species, almost simultaneously and independently of the researches of M. Tulasne, which produced the same result. The Tremella^ therefore, is an imperfect condition of the BulgaHa. Gen. 306. AGYRZUIYI, Fr. Eeceptacle compact, homo- geneous, waxy, gelatinous when moist, innate, sessile, sphasrical, even, smooth, fructifying all round ; asci fixed. — Berk. Outl.p. 375. {Fig. 340.) Fig. 340. 2219. Agyrium xufum. Pers. " Eeddish Agyrium." Gregarious, convex, or spheerical, compact when moist, flesh- coloured, when dry red-brown ; asci ovoid ; sporidia oblong, pellucid. — Eng. Fl. v. p. 220. Fr. S.M. \\.p. 232. Fries, exs. no. 280. Grev. t. 232. Corda. Ic. ii./. 128. Stictisrufa, Pers. Ohs.ii, t. 6,/ 6. On old dry fir wood. [Up. Carolina.] About i line broad, often seated on a whitish spot. It is very probable that this should be classed with lichens rather than fungi. (Fig. 340.) 734 ELVELLACEI. Gen. 307. STICTIS, Pers. Fig. 341. Receptacle obsolete ; hy- menium even, determinate, orbicular and elliptic, immersed in the matrix, at first veiled. — Berk. Outl.p. 375, {Fig. 341.) Hymenium persistent deliquescent . becoming dusty it it Eustictis. XylograpKa. Propolis. 2220. Stictis (Eustictis) xadiata. Pers. " Radiated Stictis." Immersed, orbicular, border snow-white, somewhat lacerated, pulverulent ; sporidia linear, straight, continuous. — Fr. S.M. ii. />. 194. Eng. FI. Y. p. 213. Bav. exs.l,no. AS. Berk. exs. no. 70. Tode. t. 7,/. 58. Nees.f. 294. Hoffm. Lich. 1. 1 J. 4. Grev. t. 227. Baxt. exs. Jio. 80. Sturm, t. 61. Peziza marginata, Sow. t. 16. On wood, twigs, &c. [United States.] (Fig. 341.) 2221. Stictis (Eustictis) pallida. Pers. " Pallid Stictis." Gregarious, immersed, punctiform, pallid ; mouth connivent, subelliptic— i^r. ^'.J/,ii.p. 196. Etig. FI.y. p. 213. Pers. Ohs. ii. /. 6,/. 7. On wood. Appin. [Mid. Carolina.] Scattered, minute, elliptic, or subrotund, two individuals sometimes grow- ing close together, and having a common partition, yello'5\dsh, surrounded by a narrow, spurious border of the same colour. The wood on which it grows is white. — M.J.B. 2222. Stictis (Eustictis) xnicxostoxna. Carm. " Small- mouthed Stictis." Very minute, punctiform, prominent, blackish, opening with a minute, round, or subellijDtic orifice ; spores triseptate, hya- line, granular; paraphyses branched. — Berk. Outl.p. 375. Stictis sicrostoma, Eng. Fl. \.p.213. On wood. Scattered, at first nearly white, with a minute orifice, round which it gradually assumes a darker hue, and at length under a high magnifier, ap- pears, when moist, of a sub-olivaceous black. Resembling a minute Sukoeria. —M.J.B. Sporidia (-0007 in.) -0177 m.m. long. ELVELLACEI. 735 2223. Stictis (Eustictis) nivea. Pers. " Snowy Stictis." Elliptic, very thin, white. — Pers. M.E.p. ii. 339. Fr. S.M. n.p. 196. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 167. Desm. exs. no. 763. On Pinus pinaster. Milton, Norths. 2224. Stictis (Eustictis) lichenicola. Mont. '' Lichen Stictis." Erumpent, between fleshy and waxy, cupulgeform ; disc grey- black, nearly plane ; margin obtuse, blackish, cinereous, crack- ing in a stellate manner ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia obovate or elliptical, with many nuclei, then septate, or fenestrate. — Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat. Y.p. 281, t. 13,/. 3. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 166. On foliaceous Ccenomyces. Wareham. Isle of Skye. '* I am not at all sure that it is a true fungus. Its sporidia, as Montagne remarks, and my own observations confirm the fact, are exactly like those of Urceolaria scrujjosa." — M.J.B. 2225. Stictis (Eustictis) hystexioides. JDesm. " Sedge Stictis." Immersed, closed, hysteriform, then erumpent, prominent, open, ovate-oblong, or suborbicular ; border brown-black, sub- granulate ,* hymenium waxy, tawny, or rufous ; asci cylindrical; sporidia oblong, obtuse, straight, hyaline, with four nuclei. — Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. xix. (1843), p. 365. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 314. Berk. exs. wo. 308. Propolis hi/sterioides, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 255. On Carices. 2226. Stictis (Eustictis) chrysophsea. Fr. " Golden-yellow Stictis." Erumpent, orbicular ; disc concave, reddish ; border rather thickened, golden yellow ; asci clavate ; sporidia fusiform. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 194. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 966, 1. 16,/. 19. Pers. Ic. P.t.8J.l,2. On dead wych-elm. Batheaston. Sporidia fusiform ('005 in.) '127 m.m. long. 2227. Stictis lecanoxa. Schm. " Willow Stictis." Erumpent, fleshy, tremellose, patell^eform, tawny ; margin somewhat lacerated, sprinkled with a whitish meal. — Schm. ^ Kze.exs.no. 174. B.^Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), wo. 1172. Fr. S.M ii.p. 195. On dead willow twigs. Jedburgh. 736 ELVELLACEI. 2228. Stictis (Xylographa) parallela. Fr. " Parallel Stictis." Emmpciit, stricTform, at first closed, then open; disc reddish- brown, obliterating the margin, black when dry ; sj^oridia ovate- clavate ; hyaline, simple. — Fr. S.M. W.p. 197. Eng. Fl. v. p. 213. Xulograplia parallela, Fold. Sijm. Myc. p. 252. On dead fir wood. [Low. Carolina.] The habit is very much that of a Hysterium. 2229. Stictis (Xylographa) longa. Fr. " Long Stictis." Scattered, immersed, surromided by the prominent wood, very long, attenuated at either end, open throughout its length. — Fr. Ind. Alpli. p. 105. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 213. On wood. Very long, about 1| line, black, livid within, half immersed in the wood, sometimes 2 or 3 specimens are confluent. — Pers. Dr. Capron has found at Shere a Stictis allied to S. parallela and this species, with the habit of the former; the paraphyses are branched above, and the sporidia are long-elliptic, straight or curved, triseptate, 'OOOS-'OCOB in. long. 2230. Stictis (Propolis) versicolor. Fr. "Many-coloured Stictis." Immersed, sub-oblong, plane ; margin spurious, laciniated ; disc at length farinaceous ; asci large ; sporidia rather large, oblong, with two or more nuclei ; paraphyses few, slender. — Fr. S.M. ii.^?. 198. Eav. exs. ii, 7io. 53. Fr. exs. no. 276. Fckl. exs. no. 1109. Cryptomyces versicolor, Eng. Fl. y.p. 214. var. a. alba. Disc white, at length blackish. — A.^'S.t.d, /.7. var. c. viridis. Disc verdigris-green, pulveraceous. — Fr. S.M.n.p. 198. On pales, sticks, &c. [United States.] The hymenium resembles a small portion of a transverse slice of a cocoa- nut, which has been exposed for a short time to the air. — M.J.B. 2231. Stictis (Propolis) phacidioides. Fr. " Arbutus-leaf Stictis." Hypophyllous, erumpent, breaking up the epidermis into five equal, acute teeth; disc convex, milk-white, pruinose. — Fr. S.M. ii.;?. 198. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 162. On dead leaves of Arbutus uva ursi. Lubcroy. Sutherland- shire. ELVELLACEI, 737 Stictis Wauchii. Berk. Outl.p. 375. Cryptomyces Waucliiiy Grev. t. 206. Eng, Fl.x.p. 214, is referred by Tulasne to Rhy- tisma maximum. Gen. 308. ASCOMYCES, M. & D. Parasitic ; receptacle none ; asci forming a thin pulverulent stratum,mixed. with moniliform threads. —Berk. Outl.p. 376. This appears to be the lowest form under which Discomy- cetes can appear, the way being made for it by Projwlis. In outward aspect it has little resemblance to more typical ge- Fig. 342. nevB..- M.J.B. (Fig\U2.) 2232. Ascomyces bullatus. Berk. " Blister Ascomyces." Tufts punctiform, at length confluent, at first covered by the epidermis ; sporidia ovate or elliptic, subgelatinous, hyaline. — Berk. Out!, p. 376, t. l,Jig. 9, C Oidiuni buUaium, B. Journ. Hort.Soc. \x.2).ol,ivithJig. Taplirinabullata, Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat, ser. v. vol. y.j). 127. On living pear leaves. {^^9- 342.) Sporidia ^Jg^ in. long ; asci "OlS '025 m.m. long, '01 m.m. thick. 2233. Ascomyces deformans. Berk. " Peach Ascomyces." Hypophyllous, rendering the matrix here and there bullate, sprinkled with a white powder ; asci short, cylindrical ; sporidia elliptical, hyaline. — Berk. Outl.p. 376, t. i.f. 9 a. h. Taphrina de- formans, Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. v. vol. Y.p. 128. Exoascus de- formans., Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 252. Fckl exs. no. 2063 and 2275. On peach leaves. 2234. Ascomyces trientalis. Berk. " Trientale Ascomyces." Spots orbicular or irregular, arising from a reddish stratum. — Berk, inlitt. Berk. Out. p. 376. On leaves of Trientalis Europcea. 2235. Ascom.yces juglaxidis. Berk. "Walnut .Ascomyces." Hypophyllous, effused, snow-white on the nerves of the leaves ; sporidia ovoid, hyaline. — Berk. Outl. p 376. Gymnosporium leu- cosporum, Mont. Syll. p. 309. On walnut leaves. 2i 738 TUBEEACEI. Order XXIX. TUBER A CEI. Subterranean. Hymenium waved and sinuate, often intricate and closely packed. This differs from the Order vii. Hyxjogcei, in that the eporidia are contained in asci. Sporidia more or less elliptic — Peridium rough. Asci saccate . . . . Peridium warty. Hymenium lacunose . Peridium warty, opening above. Asci cylin- drical Sporidia globose — Integument smooth. Asci clavate . Integument warty, opening above. Asci cla- vate Integument papillose. Asci oblong Integument cottony. Asci cjdindrical Integument downy. Asci elliptic . Hymenium exposed. Asci linear Sporidia globose, with radiating threads, starchy — Peridium convolute. Asci saccate . Sporidia concentric, at length dusty — Integument hard. Asci nearly globose . Tuber. Balsamia. Genea. Choiromyces, PachyphlceuS' Hydnotrya^ Stephensia. Hydnoholites. S^phoerosoma. Amylocarpus. Elaphomyces. Gen. 309. Figs. 343. 2236. TUBER, Mich. Asci short, saccate, disposed in sinuous veins ; sporidia elliptic, reticulate, often echinulate ; pe- ridium warty or tubercled, rarely smooth, with- out any definite base. — Myc.p. 221. Tul. Hyp. p. 133. Vitt. Tub. p. 131. Berk. Outl.p. 376. (Figs. 343, 344 sporidia.) Sect. A. — Epispore alveolate. Tuber sestivuxn. Viit. " Common Truffle." Rounded, irregular, large, 1-2 inches or more in diameter, black- brown, verrucose ; warts large, polygonal, pyramidal, and trans- versely striate ; veins very numerous, indistinct ; flesh whitish, then clay coloured, orpale brown ; asci 4-6 spored; spores ellip- tic, brown, reticulato-alveolate; alveoli few and broad. — Vitt. Tub. p. 38, t. 2,/. 4. Tul. Hyp. t. 7,/. 3. Corda Icon. vi. 1. 18,/. TUBEEACEI. 739 129. Berh.Outl.p.2>lQ,t.2ZJ.2. Cooke's B.F.t.2S,f.l. Tuber cibarium, SoLV. t. 30d. Hussey.t. 11. Eng. Fl.Y.p.228. T.hohe- micu?n, Corda. Ic. yi. T. albidum^ Fr. Sys. Myc. In woods, especially of beech. Esculent. From 1 to 8 inches in diameter, irregularly globose. The warts on the surface of the peridium large, four to six-sided, longitudinally and irregu- larly sulcate, the apex pierced or excavated and traversed chiefly about the crown with shallow parallel striae. Sporidia ellipsoid, '0256-'032 m.m. long, '0221-"U25 m.m- broad, pallid tawny-yellow j epispore faveolo-plicate. 2237. Tuber macrosporum. Vitt. *' Large-spored Truffle." Roundish ; peridium clad with minute, irregular tubercles, covered with ferruginous spots and fissures ; flesh compact ; veins scattered, numerous and interrupted, and mixed with obscure lines; asci with long pedicels, 1-3 spored ; sporidia elliptic, very large, brown ; epispore alveolo-reticulate, reticulations small. — Vitt. Tab. t. If. 5. Tid. Hyp. t. 17,/. 8. B. ^' Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. no. 580. Berk. Oiitl. p. 376. In woods. Near Bristol. From the size of a filbert to that of a walnut, or larger, ferruginous black j flesh at first white, compact, veins dirty-white then pale-brown. Spores visible to the naked eye, 'OaS-'OCS m.m. long, •032-'039 m.m. broad. Odour strongly alliaceous. 2238. Tuber bituminatum. B. 4' Br. '* Pitchy Truffle." Black, globose, or ovate, regular ; warts small and polyhedral, with a deep hole excavated at the base of the tuber ; veins loosely coherent, for the most part originating from the margin of the basal hollow ; asci oval, with long pedicels ; sporidia brown, ovate, loosely cellulose. — i>. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 581. Berk. Outl.p. 376. Id deep sand. Oct. Bowood. Wilts. " Closely allied to T. cestivum, Vitt. but easily distinguished by the odour ; it difi'ers also in the general form, being much more regular, and the warts smaller, and in the existence of a basal cavity prolonged into the substance of the fungus, which is thus very light compared with T. cestivum. The veins cohere very loosely, so that it is difiicult to cut the plant in half without breaking it into frustules. It shrinks very much in drying. The sporangia have much longer stalks than in T. cestivum. The sporidia closely resemble those of that species, but are slightly longer compared with their width, and have somewhat shallower cells. It ranges from the size of a walnut to that of a hen's egg.'' Odour bituminous, and very strong of horse radish. — M.J.B. 2i 2 740 TUBEEACEI. 2239. Tuber scleroneuron. B.<)'Br. " Hard Truffle." Red-brown, cartilaginous, globose, lobate, minutely warted, or nearly smooth, riinose ; veins irregular, broken, springing from the cracks in the peridium ; cinereous towards the centre, red-brown at the circumference ; sporidia red-brown, ovate, minutely cellulose ; odour faintly aromatic. — B. ^' Br. Ann, N.H. no. 582. Berk. Outl.p. 376. In the ground. Oct. Bowood. " This species differs from T. rvfum, FtV^. in its firmer cartilaginous texture, deep red-brown colour, in the form of its sporidia, which are ovate, not elliptic-eloneate, and iu its fsint aromatic odour. The venation also is more broken and interrupted. Tuber ruftim, Vitt. appears to be its nearest ally. When dried, T. scleroneuron becomes as hard as a piece of wood." 2240. Tuber excavatum. Vitt. " Hollowed Truffle." Subglobose, about an inch in diameter ; peridium discrete, och- raceous, minutely verrucose, firm ; flesh horny, cinereous-red, liver-coloured, or tawny ; veins pallid-ochraceous ; the substance falls away in the centre, so as to leave a cavity, which has an opening at the base of the tuber ; asci numerous, elliptsoid, 2-4 spored ; sporidia ellipsoid, yellowish, or pallid- tawny ; epispore largely faveolo-plicate. — Vitt. Tub. t. 1,/. 7. Tnl. Hyp.t. 6,/. 1, t. 17, /. 5. Smith Seem. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 11, t. SO, /. 1-6. Tuber fuscum, Corda. Icon.i. t.7,f. 298. Vittadinion AIontagjiei,Zobel in Corda. Ic. vi. t. 20, /. 142. In woods. Eudloe, Batheaston, Leigh "Wood, and Somerset- shire. Spores •023--026 m.m. broad, •032--042 long. Sect. B. — Episi^ore echinulate. 2241. Tuber biumale. Nich. " Winter Truffle." Tubers more or less regularly globose, black, rough with polygonal warts, at length ^i^^£^^ smooth and naked; the mature flesh blackish- ?}i^>^^ 8'i'^y> marbled with white veins ; asci nu- merous, with 4- 6 spores ; sporidia oblong- Fig. 344. elliptic and echinulate, with rigid spines. — Vitt. Tvb. t.l,f. 6. Till. Hyp. t. 7,/. 2, t. 17, f. 3. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. p. 80. Berk. Ontl. 376. Tuber brumal epvlpacbscura odora, Mich. p. 221, i. 102. T.mela^wsporum, Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 320. TUBEEACEI. 741 On tlie ground. Oct. — Jan. Esculent. When fresli the warts are of a bright brown showing in the interstices the pale tint of the inner substance ; in drying the brown tint is entirely lost. Sporidia small, elliptic, ciliated, but not reticulated. Veins very broad, with narrow interstices. Spores ■02G-'032 m.m long, ■019-'023 m.m. broal. Smell at length rather di3a^reea,ble. (F^-Q- 344 sporidiion.) 2242. Tuber rufum. Pico. " Red Truffle." Subglobose, or irregular, from a quarter of an inch to an inch in diameter; peridium thick, subcartilaginous, rimose, minutely verrucose, tawnv ferru2:inous ; flesh at first soft and whitish, at length reddish and firm, or horny ; reins from whitish becoming livid, mixed with others that are tawny ; asci obversely egg- shaped, 1-4 spored (generally 3) ; sporidia ellipsoid, tawny, studded with sharp points. — Pico, p. 80. Vift. Tub. t. 1, /. 1. Tul. Hyp. t. 6,/. 2, t. 18,/. 2. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 322. Berk. Outl.p. 376. Tuber cinereum, Tul. Giorn. Bot. Ital. yl. p. 62. Oo- gasterrufus, Corda, Icon. vi. t. 16,/. 123. In woods. Kudloe, Wilts. Audley End, Essex. The odour is said by Vxttadini to be strong and nauseous. Variable in the colour of the peridium. Spores •029.-032 m.m. long, •019--02i m.m. broad. 2243. Tuber nitidum. Vdt. " Shining Truffle." Globose or depressed ; peridium thick, hard, smooth, shining, and pallid ; flesh at first whitish, at length reddish-brown, hard; veins whitish, rather numerous, principally diverging from a whitish spot at the base ; asci egg-shaped, containing from 1-4 sjDores ; sporidia ellipsoid, reddish-yellow, densely echinulate ; odour, when recent, nauseous. — B. 4' Br. Ann, N.H. no. 321. Vitt, Tub. t. 2,/. 10. BerJ:. Outl.p. 376. Berk. exs. no. 303. Tul. Hyp. p. 142. Oogaster nitidus, Corda. Icon. vi. t. 15,/. 117. In the ground. Hanham. Rudloe. tSpye Park. In the young plant the asci are precisely of the form of those in Cheiromyces meandrifonnis, but with age they enlarge, and are at last oborate, as in T. CBstmim. Distinguished from T.r^cfum by its smooth, pale peridium, and the veins springing from a distinct, generally single, basal point. Spores •026-"030 m.m. long, •<»l(3--023 m.m. broad. 2214. Tuber puberulum. B. 4' Br. " Downy Truffle." Gregarious, irregularly sublobate, clothed with short, erect down, which gives it to the naked eye a peculiar pearly appear- ance ; the white spots are very visible, even in dried specimens ; peridium very thin and delicate, so that the pinky-brown colour 742 TUBEEACEI. of the flesli is apparent throngli it, often cracked ; veins white from a radiating base, in some individuals very few ; sporidia nearly spherical, reticulato-echiniilate ; odour of the radish. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.II. Aug. 1846. Berk. Outl. p. 376. In sandy ground. Hanham, near Bristol, Chudloigh, Asj^ley,- &c. 2245. Tuber dry ophilum. Tul. " Wood Truffle." Gregarious, with little odour, rounded, usually about the size of a nutmeg, nearly smooth, white, marked here and there with darker patches ; the peridium is thick, hard, and tough, easily parting from the flesh, which is firm, reddish-brown, with white interstices, which are given off from different points of the sur- face ; sporidia elliptic and coarsely reticulato-echinulate. — Tul. Hyp. t. 5,/. 3, t. 19,/. 8. B. ^ Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. Aug. 1846. Berk. Outl. p. 376. In woods. Aug. — Oct. King's Cliffe, Chudleigh, Bristol, &c. Spores *023 m.m. long, '016 m.m. broad, others •038-*045 m.m. long, '032- •035 m.m. broad. Oen. 310. CHOZROl^EYCES, Yitt. Common integument even; base definite ; asci clavate ; sporidia spherical. — Vitt. Tub.p. bO. Tul. Hyp. p. 170. Berk. Outl. p. 377. (Fig. 345.) Fig. 845. 2246. Choiromyces meandriformis. Vitt. " Veined Choiro- myces." Variable, globoso-mammose, even, pale chestnut colour; fis- sures broad, whitish brown, tesselated ; base plicate, rugose ; flesh white, when dry yellowish ; veins numerous, meandering, ochraceous.— Fi«. Tub. t. 2,/. 1, t. HJ. 10. Tul. Hyp. t. 19,/. 7. Corda. 7c. vi. t. 13,/ 110. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. ;?. 80. Tuber album, Sow. t.UO. Bull. t. 404 ? In the ground. Highgate, 1860. Sometimes of considerable size; the specimen found at Highgate was not less than 4 inches in diameter, and certainly had a very strong odour. Sporidia Bpherical, echinulate, '019-'U22 m.m. diameter. (Fig. 345 sjioridium.) TUBETIACEI. 743 Gen, 311. AMYLOCARPUS, Curr. Common integument thick, con- volute ; asci soon absorbed, saccate ; sporidia globose, clothed with ra- diating threads,amylaceous. — Berk Out!, p. 377. {Fig. 346.) Fig. 346. 2247. Amylocarpus encephaloides. Amylocarpus." Curr. " Currey's Small, globose, somewhat flattened, dull yellow, surface mi- nutely convolute ; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia spherical, colour- less, with long delicate sharp rays projecting in all directions. — Curr. Proe. Boy. Soc. (1857),/). 119, ivitlifigs. Growing gregariously on fragments of wood, on the sands by the sea shore at Sketty, near Swansea. Eacli individual presents the appearance of a small ronnd somewhat flat- tened body, of a dull yellow colour, and with an unevenness of surface caused by numberless convolutions of the integument. The diameter of the largest did not much exceed |-th in. Externally with a strong resemblance to Dacry- myces deliqiiescens. The integument is of considerable thickness formed of several layers of cells, the outer large and rounded, the inner long and flat. The asci are broadly clavate, with a very short stem springing from threads proceeding from the inner surface of the integument. They are absorbed at an early period, and the sporidia form a dense mass. Sporidia globular, colourless, furnished with long delicate sharp rays, projecting from the sur- face in every direction. Each sporidium with an internal nucleus, or oil drop. Spores agoijth in. diameter. (Fig. 346.) Gen. 312. Fig. 347. FACHYPHZ.CBUS, Tul. Common integument warty, opening by a terminal aperture ; base distinct ; asci clavate ; sporidia spherical. — Tul. Hyp. p. 130. Berk Outl.p. ^11. {Fig. 347.) Tul. " Black Pachy. 2248. Fachyphlceus melanoxanthus. phloeus." Globose, angular, verrucose — with a distinct absorbing base — black, internally olivaceous yellow, marbled with obscure lines, 744 TUBERACEI. and broad black veins. — TuL ITup. f. 4, /. 6, t. 14, /. 4. Choiro- myces melanoxant/ius, Berk. Ann. N.II, xiii, p. 359. In oak or beech woods, often attached laterally to sticks, leaves, &c., without any connection with the ground. Oct. 13owood Park, Bristol, King's Clilife, and Devonshire. About the size of a horse bean, globose, but more or less compressed and anf^ular, furnished with a distinct absorbent base ; externally black, clothed with obtuse but not rigid warts, which are less manifest when the plant is dry. Flesh of a dirty olive yellow with broad black veins, which consist of a loose slightly branched tissue arising from hexagonal cells, the ends of the threads of which become oblong-elliptic, distinct, pedicellate asci, contain- ing S dark, globose, echinulate, but not reticulate sporidia. Smell in some speciuions like that of some agaric, in others strong and nauseous. The peri- dium is black in every stage of growth. — ul . J. B. Spores "OIS-'OIG m.m. diameter. (F^g- 347 sect, and sporidiam.) 2243. Pachyphloeus citrinus. B. <§• Br. " Lemon Pachy- phlceus." Subglobose, minutely warted, peridium brown, powdered with lemon-coloured particles ; apex bright lemon-yellow, internally yellowish ; interstices floccose, lemon-yellow, base rooting. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. ;;. 79. Tul.Hyp.n2. In woods. Near Bristol and in Wiltshire and Devonshire. Very nearly allied to P. melanoxanthus , which is, however, black in every stage of growth, and has but little odour, whereas this is densely powdered with lemon coloured particles, and has a strong smell, like that of rotting sea weed. The orifice is generally more expanded, and is of a fine deep lemon yellow from the exposure of the interstices of the fructif;yiug veins, and the peridium thin and brown frosted with yellow, when young of a uni- form gamboge yellow. In P. melanoxanthus the veins are nearly black, with yellowish interstices, and the peridium thick, far more coarsely warted, more compressed, and irregular in form and always black. — M.J.B- 22^0. Pachyphlceus conglomeratus. B. St" Br. " CoDglome- rate Pachyphlceus." Irregularly lobed and plicate, conglomerate, even ; peridium rufous-brown, interstices of the lobes clothed with adpressed silky, yellow fibres. — B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. p. 80, TuL Hyj^. p. 132. In woods. Oct. Near Bristol. About an inch in diamer, shortly stipitate, much lobed, and plicate as if made up of a number of individuals, the lobes rounded, of a deep brown- olive. Sometimes quite even, sometimes rather rough, but not the least verrucose, interstices of the lobes clothed with adpressed silky, yellow fibres. Asci clavate, irregular, containing eight globose, tuberculate sporidia. Spor- idia larger than in the other species ("0192 m.m.), and differing in their ap- pearance.— M. J. B. TUBEEACEI. 745 Gen. 313, STEPHENSIA, Tul. 2251. Fig. 348. Stephensia bom'byciiia. Stephensia." Common integu- ment fleshy, cottony; base distinct ; hjme- ninm intricate ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia globose. — Tul. Hyp. ^?;129. Berh. Outl.p. 377. (Fig. 348.) Tul. " Strong- scented Subglobose, depressed ; peridium rather soft, floccose, irregu- larly intruded into the cavity, destitute of rooting fibres ; flesh gyroso-venose ; sporidia pellucid, spherical. — Tal. Hyp. t.l2,f. 4. Genea homhycina, Vitt. Tab. t. 3,/. 13, t. 4,/. 8. B. c^- Br. Ann. N.H. xiii. p. 357. Oct. Castle Combe, Chudleigh. Peridium floccose, rather soft, dirty white, and so much intruded as some- times to leave no cavity. The sporidia are globose, at first smooth, at length verrucose. With age they lose their transparency. The_ smell is very strong and disagreeable, resembling that of Melajwgaster amhiguus. A small slice of it placed in a drop of water on the field of the microscope produced when dry a quantity of fine radiating crystals. Spores •iU9-"022 m.m. diameter.— M. J. B. {Fig. 348 sect, and s])oridiuiii.) Gen, 314. HYDNOTRYA, B. & Br. Common integument minutely pa- pillose, not distinct ; hymenium com- plicated with gyrose lacunge, leading to the surface ; asci oblong ; spori- dia globose, tuberculate. — B. ^- Br. Fig. 349. Jnn. N.H. xviii. ;;. 78. Tul. Hyp. p. 127. (i^/^.349.) 2252. Hydnotrya Tulasnii. B. ^^ Br. " Tulasne's Hydnotrya." Globose-depressed, base plicate, cribroso-porose, velvety rufous ; cells large, ^valls pubescent, white; trama rufous; asci long ; sporidia globose, at length reticulated, not echinulate. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H.xYiii.p. 78. Tul Hyp.t.8,f.2,t. U,f. 3,i.21. Hyd- noholites Tulasnei, Berk. Ann. N. H. xiii./*. 357, no. 317. BerJc. exs. no. 302. 2i 5 746 TUBEEACEI. In sandy ground. Aug. Spje Park, Wilts, and Chudleigli. Esculent. Depresso-globoso 1-2 in. or moro in diameter, ferrncrinons with a tinge of Vermillion, velvety, cribroso-porons at the base ; cells irregular, large, espe- cially in mature individuals, pubescent ; substance rufous ; asci oblong- plliptic, containing eight globose spores, reticulated but not ecliinulate : in the centre of each reticulation there is a single globule. Closely resembling Balsamia vulgaris when dry.— M.J.B. Spores "035 m.m. diameter. (Fig. 349 sect, and sporidium.) Gen. 315. Fig. 350. KYDNOBOLZTZS, Tul. Integument replaced by white, evan- escent down ; hymenium complicated with sinuose lacunge, ending at the sur- face ; asci elliptic ; sporidia globose. — Tul. Hyp. p. 126. Berh. Outl.p. Zll . (Fig.^hO.) 2253. Hydnobolltes cezebrifoYxnls. Hydnobolites." Tul. " Brain-like The size of a filbert, firm, even, smooth, pallid yellow ; asci elliptic ; sporidia globose. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. xix, p. 378. Tul. Hyp. p. 126, t. 4,/. 5, t. 14,/. 2. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. p. 8, no. 10. Oogaster^ Corda. Ic. \\.t. 16,/. 121. In woods. Aug. Sept. Bristol and Wilts. A small species, resembling a small lacunose truffle, but differs in having no real peridium, as is the case also in Hydnofria. Sporidia 0192-'0224m,m. {Fig. 350 sect, and sj^oridium.) Gen. 316. SFHJEROSOIMEA, Kl. Fig. 351. Common integument alto- gether wanting ; hymenium exposed, even or rugose, solid or lacunose ; asci linear ; spo- ridia spherical. — Tul. Hyp. p. 184. Berk. Outl.p. 377. (Fig. 351.) 2254. Sph«TOSomaostiolatum. Tul. " Pierced Sphaerosoma." Globose, gibberoso-sinuate, ostiola apical, pervious, and more or less excavated, smooth, rather soft, brown ; spores dark brown, tuherculsiie.—Tul.Hyp. 1. 19,/ 1. B.^'Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. i?. 79. ^: TUBEEACEI. 747 Under leares amongst loose mould. Near Bristol. There is not the least trace of peridiam in any stage of gro^vtti. A very curious circumstance sometimes occurs — that there is more than one stratum of hymenium. The asci are much shorter than the paraphyses. The adult plant is strongly plicate, and of a rich mulberry brown. Sporidia perfectly sphserical, •019-"023 m.m. diameter, with thick, elongated, obtuse unequal warts. {Fig. 351.) Gen. 317. Fig. 352. BALSAMIA, Vitt. Common integument warty ; hy- menium complicated with distinct lacnnfB not leading to the surface ; sporidia cylindrical, or oblongo-ellip- tic, even, pellucid. — Vitt. Tub. p. SO. Tul.Hyp.p.W2. Berk. Ann. N.H, xiii.j). 358. Berk. OutL p. 377. (Fig. 352.) 2253. Balsamia platispora. Balsamia." B. cfc Br. " Broad-spored Small, globose, rufous, minutely warted, substance pallid yel- low, minutely cellulose ; sporidia at first broadly oblong-elliptic, with a large globose nucleus, at length slightly elongated tri- nucleate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. xiii. ^. 358, no. 318. Tul. Hyp. t. 15,/. 2. Oct. — Dec. Rudloe, Wilts. About the size of a horse bean, rufous, with the interstices of the minute warts of a light yellow tint, from the exposure of the internal substance ; cells minute ; sporidia at first broadly oblong-elliptic with a large globose nucleus and a number of minute granules ; in one specimen the sporidia were slightly elongated, with one large and two small nuclei. Smell strong. Sporidia '0217 m.m. long, '0129 m.m. broad. {Fig. 352.J Gen. 318. Fig. 353. GENEA, Yitt. N.H. xiii.;?. 356. BerJc. Outl. p. o77. Common integument warty, with an aperture at the apex ; hyme- nium waved and sinuated, but not forming an intricate mass ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia subglobose, or elliptical. — Vitt. Tub. p. 27. Tul. Hyp. p. 118. BerJc. Ann. (Fig. 353.) 718 TUBERACEl, 225S. Genea verrucosa. Vitt. "TVarted Genea." Very irroo^nlar anrl polymorphons, gibbons, snlcate, or also somewliat many-lobed, black, verrucose ostiolate ; ostiola some- times very broad, radical filaments abbreviated ; sporidia broadly elliptic, verrucose. — Tuf. Hyp. t. 4, f. 1, f. 12, f. 3. t. 13,/. 5. Vitt. Tub. t. ii. /. 7. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.II. xviii. p. 78. G.j^ajnllosa, B. Ann.N.II.xm. p. 356. In clayey soil. Bowood Park and King's Cliffe. Yariable in size from a pea to a small uut, erlobose, very irregular, often many-lobed, with the lobes rounded, pxternally black and verrucose, cine- reous or dirty white within ; sporangia bnear-elongfated, vervnbtu?'e; sporidia broadly elliptic, '0256 m.m, broad, '032 m.m. long, verrucose and whitish, ■warts very obtuse and unequal, nucleus oily. (Fig- 353.) 2257. Genea Klotschii. B. db Br. " Klotsch's Genea." Foetid, peridium subplicate, black witbout and witbin, verru- cose, affixed below to ratber rigid, brown, rooting fibrils ; my- celium effuse, white, arachnoid and woven ; sporidia large, tuber- culate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. xviii.;?. 78. Berh. Outl.p. 378. Corda. Ic. vi. t. 11,/. 101. TuL Hyp. t. 13, /. 4. On the soil. Bristol and Devonshire. The mycelium spreads for some distance on or within the soil, so that the plant is easily detected when the leaves are raked off. This vanishes when the peridia are perfect. One or more individuals are found in each patch of mycelium. In the young peridium the point of attachment is lateral. The sporidia are large, coarsely granulated, and much exceeding iu volume those of O. verrucosa.— M.J. B. Sporidia *04-'05 m.m. diameter. 2258. Genea hispidula. Berl. " Hairy Genea." Small, brown, externally invested everywhere with rather rigid, adpressed, brown flocci ; interior cavity very often simple, with the mouth almost hidden ; radical fibres brown, adhering to the base ; sporidia large, ellipsoid ; warts thick and crowded. — G. papulosa, Berk. Ann. N.H. xviii. ;;. 76. Berk. Outl.p. 378. In the ground. Xear Chudleigh, Aspley, Beds., and Bristol. The whole peridium is of a rich brown, and is densely clothed with brown bristles wherever it extends. The sporidia are very much larger and far more coarsely granulated than in G. verrucosa, the granules, indeed, being often bifid ; they often contain two nuclei, but sometimes there is but one. Fi-om the size of a pea to that of a filbert. Sporidia "032 m.m. broad, '038- '042 m.m. long; odour faint, not peculiar. TUBERACEI. 749 Gen. 319. ELAFH03VIYCES, Nees. Common integument thick, hard ; asci globose, or obo- vate : sporidia consisting of several concentric utricles ; internal mass at length dusty. —Tul. Hyp. p. 100. Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 306. Berk. Outl.p. 378- (F?>. 354.; Fig. 354. 2259. Elaphomyces anthracinus. Elaphomyces." Vitt. " Smooth -coated Globose, depressed in the centre, papillate, sometimes hol- lowed ; mycelium dark brown ; cortex black or brown, not spotted, nearly smooth, rigid, crustaceous ; peridium thick, whitish; sporidia blackish-brown. — Vitt. Tub. t. 3,/. 8. Tul. Hyp. 1. 19. B. tj- Br. Ann. N.H. xviii. p. 81. In clayey soil. Near Bristol. The original specimens of Vittadini are minutely granulated under a lens, a character which does not appear in our specimen. The sporidia are alike, and at once distinguish it from E. variegatm, the only species with which it can be confounded. The smell is very powerful, in which respect again it does not agree with Vittadini's species. It is, indeed, probable that it will prove new, but on the authority of a single individual, not in very good con- dition, it woul 1 be rash to do more than indicate its nearest affinity. The outer rind in the specimen when gathered was black, the inner of a dull yel- lowish-white . — M.J.B. " Eough-coated 2260. Elaphomyces variegatus. Vitt. Elaphomyces.'' Mycelium yellow (or yellowish-grey), inconspicuous ; cortex thick, hard, ochraceous-yellow or golden-yellow, rough, with thick pyramidal and obtuse, or narrow, pointed, and fragile warts, or only granulated ; peridium reddish-brown and varie- gated ; asci 2-4 spored ; sporidia opaque, blackish-brown. — Vitt. Tub. t. 4,/. 4. Sturm, iii. 19-20, t. 9. E. muricatus. Eng. Fl. v. p. 307. Corda. Ic. vi. t. 10,/. 97. Berk. exs. no. 306. In mountain woods, &c. Differing from E. granulatus in its more muncated surface, less deep black, and smaller sporidia, but essentially in the substance of the coriaceous covering, being variegated with brown dots. Sporidia ■02-'022 m.m. diameter. 750 TUBERACEI. 2261. Elaphoxnyces granulatns. Fr. " Granulated Elaphomyces." Mycelium yellowish, soon vanishing ; cortex yellow, at length tawny and brown, minutely papillate ; papillfe adpressed, obtuse, or punctiform ; peridium fragile, whitish, or reddish, when dry white ; asci 1-8 spored ; sporidia thick, rufous, or blackish purple. — Fr. SM. iii. p. 58. Vitt. Lycop. t. 3,/. 7. Tul. Hyp. f. 19,/. 4. Berk, exs.no. 27 9. Ann. Sc. JSTatXYlt. i. f. 3,t.2,f.7, t. 4,/. 3. Sturm, iii. 19-20, t, 8. Eng. Fl. y.p. 306. Nees.f. 147. Berk Ann. N.H.no. 211, t. 11,/. 10. In dry^eathy ground. [Low. Carolina.] The central substance when young is tender and juicy, and consists of filaments spotted with fertile patches. The filaments of the interstices are loose, and but little complicated, whereas those of the fructifying spots are more closely packed, short, and branched, their tips swelling, and gradually giving rise to large globose utricles, containing the sporidia. Sporidia *025-"03 m.m. diameter. (Fig. 354.) Order XXX. PHACIDIACEI. Receptacle more or less coriaceous or carbonaceous ; disc at length exposed by the regular or irregular fissure of the outer coat. — BerJc. Outl.p.879. Litr. p. 283. The perithecia are elongated, sometimes branched, or, when circular, rather orbicular than spherical. In the linear species the form of the aperture de- pends upon the form o*f the perithecium,or excipulum,the margins of which are rounded. In other cases the disc is exposed by the mere fissure of the walls, as in Phacidium, and this fissure may either be simple or compound, radiating from a central point, and forming triangular lobes.— Berk . Intr. p. 283. Perithecia bursting with valvular teeth . . Phacidmm. Perithecia globoso-depressed, at length open . Heterosphceria. Perithecia confluent, opening by flexuous fissures Rhytisvia. Perithecia labiate, splitting from the centre. . Trihlidium. Perithecia labiate, opening longitudinally . . Hysterium. Perithecia horny, sporidia united at the base . Sporomega> Perithecia flexuose, lips divergent . . . Colpoma. Perithecia linear, simple or branched, asci sac- ciform Ailographum. Perithecia stellate Actklium. Perithecia stipitate, wedge shaped . . . Lophiv.m. Perithecia orbicular, with a deciduous operculum Stegia. Disc innate, erumpent Trochila. PHACIDIACET. 751 Gen. 320. PHACIDIUM, Fr. Perithecmm bursting irregularly in the centre, by valyular teeth. — Berk. OutLp.37d. (Fig.SoD.) 2262. Fhacidiuxn pini. Schm. '' Scotch-fir Phacidium." Erumpent, subrotund, truncato-disciform, black; perithecia with the lacini^e obtuse; disc dingy; spori- dia colourless, very long, multiseptate, often with a filiform termination. — Fr. S.M. ii. /). 572. A. ^- S. t 5,/ 8. Linn. Trans, xxiv. t. 25, f. 36. Nees. f. 399. Schm. M.H. i. t. 2,/. 11 . Fries exs. no. Q2. Eng, Fix. p. "1^2. Till. Carp. in. p. 136. FcU.exs.no. 1095. On bark of Pinus sylvestris. Scattered, sub-innate, 1-2 lines broad, sometimes irregular, depressed, smooth, at first shining, then opaque, at length broken up ; stratum under the disc softer, flesh white. " Sporidia colourless, very long, multiseptate, often tapering more at one end than the other, each extremity being ex- tended into a filiform prolongation." Fig. 355. 2263. Fhacidiuxn caxbonaceuxn. Phacidium." Fr. " Black-powdered Erumpent, subrotund, unequal, black, dehiscing into obtuse lacinife ; disc drv, blackish. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 57-4. Fries, exs. no. 210. Eng. Fix. p. 292. On twigs of willows. Spring. Gregarious, at first covered with the epidermis, subinnate, convex, black, rather shining ; then depressed, opaque j laciniffi unequal] disc black, as if powdered with charcoal. 2*264. Phacidium vaccinii. Fr. " Bilberry Phacidium." Speraiogonia. — Spermatia simple, cylindrical, straight, obtuse. AscopHORE. — Erumpent, minute, convex, shining, rugose, splitting into four lacinioe ; disc sooty-black ; sporidia lanceo- 752 PHACIDIACET. late, straight, simple, hyaline. — Fr. S.M.ii. p. 575. Eng.Fl. y. J9. 292. Fries. exs. no. 2S9. Sph. arbuti, Sow. t. 370, f. 6. On leaves of Vaccinium Vitis IdcBa{^ndi Arbutus Uvaursi?) 2265. Phacidium coronatum. Fr. "Crowned Phacidium." Innate, orbicular, hemispherical, depressed, blackish, splitting into many acute lacinia^ ; disc yellowish ; paraphyses curved at the tips ; sporidia colourless, cylindrical, curved at the ends ; about eight times as long as broad, with 6 8 nuclei. — Fr. S.M. u.p.677. Batsch.f. 162. Fckl. exs.no. 1096. Sow.t.118. Fl. Dan. 1. 1380. Pers. Ic. Pict. 1. 10,/. 1. Berk. exs. no. 195. Sturm. f. 63. Fries, exs.no. 163. Schm. exs.no. 82. Moug. exs. no. 669. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 292. Bolt. t. 109,/. 1. Grev. t. 52. Linn. Trans. xxiv. t. 26, J. 7. Mag. Zool. 4' Bot. no. 58, 1. 16, f. 6. Tul. Carp. iii. /). 134. On fallen leaves of oak, &c. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] " Disc variable in colour, sometimes circumscribed witb a black line." Sporidia •06--08 m.m. (•0023--003 in.) long. 2266. Phacidium dentatum. Fr. " Toothed Phacidium." Spermogoxia. — Spermatia minute, cylindrical, curved. AscoPHORE. — Quadrate, seated on pallid spots, black, siDlitting into 4 or 5 acute lacini^e ; disc dirty yellow ; asci linear-oblong ; sporidia filiform. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 577. Moug. exs. no. 561. Schm. exs.no. 206. Fold, exs.no. 1090. Eng. FI.y. p. 292. Corda. iii. f. 81. Ayres. exs. no. 71. Tul. Carp. \\\.p. 132: Berk. exs. no. 93. On fallen oak leaves. Common. [Low. Carolina.] Asci '08 m.m. long. T.'i.^l . Phacidium minutissimum. And. " Minute Phacidium." Hypophyllous, gregarious, minute, innate, rounded or angular, brown, soon splitting from the centre in -3-4 lacini^e, exposing the whitish disc ; asci minute, clavate ; sporidia oval, simple. — Babli. F.E. no. 228. FcM. Sym. Myc.p. 263. FcU. exs. no. 1098. On oak leaves. Shere. Dr. Capron. 2268. Phacidium abietinum. Schm. " Fir leaf Phacidium." Erumpent, sub-rotund, convex, then depressed, black, sp)litting into 3-4 obtuse lacini^e ; disc cinereous ; asci stipitate, oblong- PHACIDIACEI. 753 ovate ; sporidia oblong, minute. — Kze. M.H. \.p. 85. Fr. S.M. u.p. 576. FcJcl. Sym. Myc. p, 262. On leaves of Scotch fir. (A. Jerdon.) Orbicular or subovate ^-1 line broad, opaque, allied to P. lacerum. — Fries. 2269. Phacidium repandum. Fr, " Repand Phacidium." Innate, subrotiind, pallid-green, at length black, splitting into unequal obtuse lacinite ; disc dingy-brown ; asci linear ; spores oblong, minute. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 578. A. ^ S. 1. 14, /. 6. Eng. Fl.y.p.'29d. Cooke L.F. no. SI. Cooke exs. no. 283. On stems and leaves of various plants. Tbe habit, size, and general appearance is more like that of a Peziza or Ascoholus than a Phacidium. The plants on which it occurs (as Asj^erula odorata and Sherardia) are often still livdng when the parasite makes its ap- pearance. Fuckel considers that three species are confounded together nu^ev PhacidiMin repandum. Fr. 2270. Phacidium trifolii. Bond. " Clover Phacidium." Sessile, epiphyllous, minute, rather plane, smooth, pale yellow ; sporidia elliptical, rather small, sometimes with a nucleus at each end. — Bond. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1869). x. p. 69. Ascoholus Trifolii Biv.Bernh St. rar.t. 6,/. 3. Berk. exs. no. 69. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 165. Desm. exs. no. 520. Berk. Eng. Fl. v. p. 209. Outl.p. 374. Cooke Seem. Joarn. May (1864). Cooke exs. no. 331. Pseudopeziza tri- folii, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 290. On living clover leaves. [Mid. Carolina.] 2271. Phacidium ranunculi. Desm. " Crowfoot Phacidium." Hypophyllous, spots indeterminate, uniform, black, erumpent, subgregarious, unequal ; sporidia pyriform, or obovate, with a septum towards the narrow end. — Dothidea Ranunculi, Eng. Fl. v./;. 287. Fr.S.M. \i. p. 562? Cooke exs no. 280. Berk. exs. no. 347. On fading leaves of Ranuncidus repens, &c. The asci and sporidia are large for the size of the plant. 2272. Phacidium ilicis. Fries. " Holly Phacidium." Stylospores. Stroma containing 3-5 cells, orbicular, plane, black, shining, penetrating the matrix, splitting into 3-5 plane, short lacini^e. — Ceuthosporaphacidioides,Grev.t. 253. Eng. Fl.\. p. 283. Moug. exs. no. 560. B.C. Mem. JMus.n.t. 3,/. 8. var. h. pulveracea. Disc pulverulent ; cells sub-triangular, circinating ; spores white. — Desm. exs. no. 1626. B. 4' Br. Ann. 754 PHACIDIACEI. iV.77. vo. 437* CijtisporafoUicoJa, Lib. exs. no. 64. C.pulveracea, Eng. i^/.v.;). 283. AscopHORE. — Sub-innate, convex, black, dehiscing in 3-5 lacinias ; disc whitish; asci chavate ; spondia minute, sausage shaped.— Fr. *' Great Ehjtisma.' Subinnate, very broad, even lobed at the circumference, burst- ing in fragments, stratum under the disc white ; sporidia ovate, uniseriate. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 5G6, Fng. Fl.y. p. 290. Tul. Carp. iii. p.l22,t. xvi. /. 9-15. Fries, exs. no. 250. Sph. aurea, Sow.t. 356. Forming bullate black patches on the young branches, adnate with the epidermis, shining in the centre dull towards the lobed margin ; lobes rounded, with or without a golden yellow border, sometimes confluent and extending several inches. Sporidia •002-'0026 m.m. long, "Ol-'IS m.m. broad. Cryptomyces Wauddi, Grev. t. 206. Eng. Fl. v. p. 214. Stictis Wauchii, Berk. Outl. p. 375, is referred by Tulasne to this species. 2277. Rhytisxna andromedae. Fr. " Andromeda Rhytisma." Innate, oblong, costato -rugose, shining ; disc dingy cinereous- brown. — Fr. S.M. \i.p. 566. Sturm, t. 46. Jlem. Mus. iii. t. 3,/. 13. Fries, exs. no. 135. Moug. exs. no. 176. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 290. On living leaves of Andromeda polifolia. " Resembling pitch poured upon the leaves." 2278. Rhytisma salicinum. Fr. " Willow Rhytisma." Innate, thick, tuberculose, black, somewhat shining, bursting in scales ; disc yellowish, straw-colour, white within ; asci linear- clavate ; sporidia filiform or lanceolate, straight or curved — Fr. 756 PHACIDIACEI. SJr.n.p.6GH. Grev.tAlS,f.2. Mem. Mus. in. t. SJ. 5. Nees. f. 20. Pers. Disp. t. 2, f. 4. Schm. exs. no. 37. Moug. exs. no. 175. Eng. PL y. p. 200. ful. Carp. W'l.p. UO,t.\hJ. n-22- PcJcl. exs.7w.lOSi, 1085. Berk. exs. 7io. 4:3. On willow leaves. Common. [Low. Carolina.] The plant doos not appear with an open disc until the spring, the dead leaves having laid on the ground through the winter, when, as in the next species, the fruit is matured ; sporidia '1 m.m. long i^W- 357.) 2279. Rhytisma aceirinum. Fr. " Maple Rhytisma." Spermogonia. — Epiphyllous, scattered or confluent, forming black, suborbicular pustular spots, encircled with a discoloured zone ; spermatia cylindrical, linear, hyaline, straight or curved, •0065 m.m. long. — Melasmia acerina, Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1846, p. 276. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 443. AscoPHORE. — Innate, spots irregular, confluent, rugose, burst- ing by flexuose labiate fissures ; disc growing pale ; asci obovate- lanceolate ; sporidia filiform-lanceolate, flexuose. — Fr. S.M. ii. j>. 569. Bull. t. 504,/. 13. Berk. exs. no. 194. Cooke exs. no. 181. Nees.f. 21. Mem. Mus. iii. t. 3,/. 9. Grev. 1. 118,/. 1. Schm. exs. no. 105. Moug. exs. no. 77. Eng. Fl. v. p. 290. Tul. Carp. iii. p. 117, t. XV. f. 9-12. Fckl. exs. no. 1082. On sycamore and maple leaves. Common. [United States.] Sporidia "08 m.m. long. 2280. Rhytisma punctatum. Pr. " Punctate Ehytisma." Innate, crowded, angular or roundish, rugose, shining black, bursting in little fragments, internally brownish-black ; sporidia linear, the length of the ascus, hyaline. — Fr. S.M. ii. jj. 669. Mem. Mus. iii. t. 8,f. 4. Fng. Fl. y.j). 291. Moug. exs. no. 477. On sycamore leaves. [Mid. Carolina.] It is doubtful whether this is really distinct from the foregoing. I think not, but never having met with perfect fruit it is inserted. 2281. Rhytisma uzticae. Fr. " Nettle Rhytisma." Innate, cohering in an elongated, ambient crust, tubercles slightly prominent, even, bursting by a slightly flexuous fissure ; sporidia filiform, the length of the ascus. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 570. Fng. Fl. Y.p 291. Fries, exs. no. 209. Moiig. exs. no. 865. Fckl. exs.no. 1089. Cookeexs.no. 392. On nettle stems. Winter and spring. PHACIDIACEI. 757 Gen. 323. TRIBLZBIUIYE, Eeb. Perithecinm labiate, splitting from the centre towards tlie cir- cumference.— Berh. Outl. p. 379. (Fig. 358.; * 2282. Txiblidiuxn caliciifoxme. Heb. " SolitaryTriblidium." Solitary, sub-sessile, globoso- depiessed, rugoso-verrucose from minute cracks, opaque, black, Fig. 358. bursting with obtuse lacini^ ; disc pallid ; asci cylindrical, tetrasporous; sporidia broadly elliptical, fenestrate.— i^r. S.M. u.p. 183. Pers. M.E.i. t. 2,/. 3, 4. Fckl. exs. no. 1101. B. ^' Br. Ann. JSf.H. no. 11 o. Chev. t. 8,f. 9. Pha- cidium caliciiforme, Eng. Fl. v./). 291. On branches of lime and oak. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia variable iu length, sometimes ('002 in.) "05 m.m. (Fig. 358.^ Gen. 324. HYSTERIUM, Tode. Perithecium labiate, border entire ; orifice narrow, linear ; asci elongated. — Berlc. Ontl.jy. 380. Fr.jS.M.ii. p. bl9. {Fig. 359.) Fig. 359. Sub- Gen. a. Genuine. Sporidia ovoid or ellipsoid, tri- or multi-septate, or muriform, mostly coloured. 2283. Hysterium, pulicare. Pers. " Common Hysterium." Superficial, elliptic or oblong, longitudinally striate, black ; lips obtuse ; disc linear ; asci clavate ; paraphyses filiform ; sporidia oblong, triseptate, brown, the terminal joints soon hya- line.— Duhi/. Hist.p. 26. Fr. S.2I. ii. p. old. Mich. t. 64:,/. 2. 758 PHACIDIACEI. Nees.f. 302. Movg. exs. no, 26G. Grev. 1. 167, f. 1. Eng. Fl. y.p. 293. Corda. v./. CI. Desm. exs. no. 779. FcJd. exs. no. 749. On trunks of trees. Common. [United States.] Tlie sporidia are at first uniseptate and hyaline, but ultimately become triseptate and brown. Sporidia COOOru-'OOOy in.) •018--022 m.m. 2284. Hysteriuxn angustatuxn. A. Jy S. "Narrow Hysteriuni," Superficial, elongated, linear, nearly smooth, black, opaque ; asci cvlindrico-clavate ; sporidia oblong, triseptate, brown. — A. ^ S. Consp. no. 158. Rahh. exs. no. 720. On twigs, bark, wood, &c. This species is evi 'ently as common as H. puHcare, from wWcb the sporidia differ in being considerably smaller ("' :004-"000o in.) ■01-"0125 m,m., with the terminal joints coloured. The sporidia in J£. pulicare are '00025 in. broad, whilst in this species not more than "00015 in. 2285. Hysterium repanduxn. BIox. " Eepand Hysterium." Peritliecia almost free, elliptic ; the lips well rounded ; aper- ture gaping ; asci rather short ; sporidia broadly cymbiform, brown, the apex at one end very slightly elongated and hyaline. —Duhy Hijst.p. 27, t. l,/;6. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), no. 1181, i. 5,/. 38. On rotten stumps. Twycross. Sporidia (•OOOG-'OOOZ in.) •015--0177 m.m. long. 2286. Hysteriuni Tasriuxn. Fr. *' Variable Hysterium." Scattered over pallid spots ; perithecia elliptic, subimmersed, with a slight keel, and very obscure aperture, quite even ; asci elongated ; sporidia uniseriate, elliptic, slightly pointed at either end, uniseptate, nucleate. — Fi\ S.M. ii. p. 582. Duhy Hyst. p. 28. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), wo. 1180, t. 5,/. 37. On decorticated branches of yew. April. Wynd Cliff. Sporidia, with a large nucleus in each division ('001 in), "025 m.m. long, by ("0005 in.) '0127 m.m. broad. At first hyaline, at length pale brown. 2287. Hysterium Rousselii. he Not. " Roussel's Hysterium." Erumpent, oblong or linear, obtuse, parallel, or irregularly disposed, black, opaque, longitudinally striate ; asci subcylindri- cal ; sporidia oblong, more or less constricted in the middle, 3-5 septate, fenestrate, hyaline, then more or less brownish. — Duhy, PHACIDIACEI. 759 Hi/st.p.28,t. \.f. 7. Moug. exs. no. 118-i. Desm, exs. no. 184. Fckl. exs.no. 751. On twigs. [N. America,] Probably not uncommon. It has been collected by F. Currey, Esq., and Dr. Capron. 2288. Hystezium elongatuxn. Wahl. " Elongated Hysterium." Superficial, oblong, straight, nearly even, opaque, black; lips swollen; disc linear ; asci broadly clavate ; paraphyses filiform; apices clavulate ; spores biseriate, ovato-oblong 8-9 septate, at length dark-brown. — Fr. S.M.ii.p. 581. Berk. Outl.jySSO. Duhy Hyst.p. 29, 1. 1,/. 9. Corda. t. 9,/. (j2. Eng. Fl. y. p. 293. Fckl. exs. no. 1751:. On decorticated wood, and rose stems. [S. Carolina.] The sporidia are very fine. 2289. Hysteriumfraxini. Pers. " Ash Hysterium." Erumpent, elliptic, hard, black ; lips swollen, even ; disc linear ; asci broad, clavate ; paraphyses filiform ; sporidia large, oblong, at first pale, then intense olive-brown, at first uniseptate, at length transversely and longitudinally multiseptate (muriform). — Duby Hyst.p. 29. Fr.S.M. ii.p.585. Fckl. exs. no. 717. Desm. exs. no. 83. Rabh. exs. no. 1G7. Letell. t. 651,/. 2. Cooke exs. no. 398. Moug. exs. no. 267. G?^ev. t. 72. Fers. Syn. t. 2,f. 5-8. Faxt. exs. no. 33. Fng. FL Y.p. 291. Sphceria sulcata^ Bolt. 1. 121. Sow. t. 315. On small ash branches. Common. [Low. Carolina.] {Fig. 359.) 2290. Hystezium cuzvatuxn. Fr. " Curved Hysterium." Erumpent, then superficial, prominent, aggregate, linear, elon- gated, flexuose or incurved, black, shining, whitish within ; lips rather swollen, connivent, lougitudinally striate, mouth linear; asci clavate, or somewhat cylindrical ; parajjLyses filiform, thick- ened at the apex ; sporidia ellipsoid, hyaline, multi-nucleate, at length fenestrate. — Fr. El. il. p. 138. Duby Hyst. 31. B. ^ Br. Ann.N.H. no. 587. H. elongatum, Q. Fr. El. ii.p. 138. On branches of sloe, rose and bramble. Sporidia (-OOOo-'OOOG in.), •0125--015 m.m. long, by (-00015 in.) -OOSom.m. broad. 700 niACIDIACEI. 2291. Hysterium Carmichaelianum. Berh, " Carmichaera ilyclcriuin." Superficial, substipitatc, short, linear, or subelliptic, black, opaque, not even ; lips obtuse, inflexed ; asci and sporidia ? — Berk. Eng. Fl. y.p. 294. Ibjsteriumvarium, Grev. t. 233. On smooth oak bark. Appin. Tliis species rests entirely upon Greville's figure, and must be regarded aa doubtful. Dr. Curtis quotes it as found on bark of Liquidamlar in Lower Carolina. Suh-Gen. h. Gloxium. Sporidia bilocular, hyaline. 2292. Hysterium (Glonium) lineare. Fr. " Linear Glonium." Subimmersed, crowded, parallel, linear, black ; lips slightly swollen, even ; disc linear ; asci clavate or clavato-cylindrical ; sporidia ovoid, hyaline, rarely subconstricted in the middle. — Fr. S.M.ii.p.h^^. Nees. f, 303. 3Ioug.exs.no. 5G3. Grev.t. 167, /. 2. Fng. Fl. \.p. 294. Glonium lineare, Duly Hyst. p. 35. On wood. [United States.] 2293. Hysterium (Glonium) amplum. Duhy. " Broad Glonium." Perithecia congregated together, or crowded, subdepressed, furcate and branched ; asci elongato-clavate ; sporidia biseriate, uniseptate, not constricted, hyaline. — Duhy Hyst. p. 37. Ailo- graphum amph/m, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 782. On decaying stems of Rubi. Twycross. Suh-Gen. c. Hypoderma. Asci clavate, attenuated below ; sporidia cylindrical, curved (sausage-shaped), hyaline, rarely septate. 2294. Hysterium (Hypoderma) ilicinum. Be Not. " Oak- leaf Hysterium." Epiphyllous, scattered, elliptic, obtuse, grey-black, about twice as long as broad ; lips convex, tumid, at first connivent, then di- vergent; disc whitish ; asci clavate, pedicellate ; sjjoridea linear- cylindrical, somewhat curved, obtuse, hyaline 2-4 celled. — Dvby PHACIDIACEI. 761 Hyst. p. 40. H. folikolum, y. maculare BerJc. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 296, Berk, exs.no. 96. H. maculare, Grev.i. 129, f. 2. On dry oak leaves. [Low. Carolina ?] 2295. Hysterium (Hypoderma) virgultorum. B.C. "Twig Hysterium." Subinnate, longitudinally placed, elongated,acute, even, shining, black, at length gaping, internally grey ; asci clavate, obtuse, longly pedicellate ; paraphyses filiform; sporidia hyaline, linear- ellipsoid, obtuse at both ends. — Hyst. Ruhi, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 587. Eng. Fl. v. p. 295. Schm, exs. no. 30. Moug. exs. no. 564. Grev. t. 24. Lib. exs. no. 177. Desm, exs. ii. no. 172-178. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 3, ser. xx. t, 15,/. 10-14. Fckl. exs.no. 757. On dead stems of bramble. [United States.] 2296. Hysterium (Hypoderma) coxnxaune. Fr, '* Common Hysterium." Spermogonia. — Simple, subrotund, variable, rugulose, shining, at length seceding ; spermatia simple, minute. — Leptostroma vul- gare,Fr. S.M.ii.p. 599. B. ^\ Br. Ann. N.H.no. 205. Moug. exs. no. 674. Fckl. exs.no. 197. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. iii. t. 20, p. 155. AscoPHORE. — Innate, oblong, obtuse, opaque, black ; lips sub- rugose, fragile ; disc dingy ; asci more or less elongated from the base,ovato-clavate ; sporidia hyaline, linear, obtuse ; paraphyses , filiform, fiexuose, short.— Fr. S.M. ii. p. 589. Letell. t. 650, f o3- Babk. exs. ii. no. 076. B. 4'. Br. Ann. N.H.no. bS8. Fckl. er 755. On dead stems of herbaceous plants. [United St; "001 m.m. 2297. Hysterium (Hypoderma) hederae. Be Not Hysterium." . ScJirad. Am phigenous, scattered, innato-superficial, elliptico-ovate, 1 shining ; lips acute at the edge, at first tumid, conniveni-,iack length depressed ; disc brown-black ; asci clavate ; para^jh} ^q^ thickened at the apex ; sporidia oblong-ovoid, straight,hyaline. -ryf-. Dubg Hgst. p. 42. H. Ileclerce, Corda v. t. 9, /. 5. Babh. exs. no. I9b-^. Desm. exs.ii.no. ISO. H.foliicolum, j^. Hederce Fr. Eng. Fl. V. p. 294. Moug. exs. no. 1075. Lib. exs. no. 12. Grev. t. 129,/. 1. Fckl. exs. no. Ih6. On ivy leaves. Often seated on a pale spot. 2k: 762 PHACIDIACEI. 2298. Hystexium (Hypoderma) conigenum. Fr, "Fir-cone Hysterium.' Ernmpent, small, punctiform, shining, bursting by a longitu- dinal fissure ; asci clavate ; sporidia cylindrical, obtuse, straight, or curved. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 586. Moiig. exs. no. 75. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 294. On fallen cones of Scotch fir. Shere. (E.C.) " Confined to the upper and exposed part of the scales." Excluded by Duby (Hyst. j). 52) as not belonging to the Hysteriacecey but evidently a good species. Suh-Gen. d. Lophodermium. Asci dehiscent, clavate ; sporidia filiform. 2299. Kysteziuxn (Lophoderxniuxn) xyloxnoides. Chev, " Leaf Hysterium." Innato-superficial, scattered, elliptic, obtuse, slightly swollen, even, black, opaque ; lips broad, depressed ; asci clavate, acutely pedicellate ; sporidia hyaline, filiform, parallel in the ascus, fiexuous and contorted when free. — Duhy Hyst. 1,^. 45. Pers. Ic. ^- Desc. ii. t. 10,/. 3, 4. H. foUicohm, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 592. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 296 (partly). Lib. exs. no. 72. Desm. exs. no. 995. Rahh. exs. ii. no. 156. Fdd. exs. no. 742. Berk. exs. no. 196. £ ^ On dry leaves of RosacecB and berberry. Common on haw- uniseptJe^^^s- [United States.] grapimm Hysterium (Lophodermium) melaleucum. Fr. phyllous, innate, elliptic, even, black ; lips sub-conni- hite ; asci clavate, not pedicellate ; sporidia filiform, pale .—Fr. S.M. i\.p. 589. Eng. Fl. v. p. 295. Fr. Obs. i. t. 2, ScJmi. exs. no. 81 . Mong. exs. no. 654. Grev. t. 88. Lib. exs. Asa78. Fckl. exs.no. 736. (sau.^j-^ dead leaves of Vaccinium Vitis Idcea. Scotland. 2'' 2301. Hysterium (Lophodeimium.) maculaxe. Fr. "Spot Hysterium." Seated on pallid spots, innate, oval, subdepressed, even, prui- nose, black ; lips rufescent ; asci clavate, scarcely attenuated at the base ; sporidia filiform, hyaline. — Fr. S.M.ii.p,.^^^. Duby Hyst. p. 45. Fries, exs. no. 167. Moug. exs. no. 1072. Desm. exs. PHAC3DIACEI. 763 ii. no. 561. Grev. 1. 12-9, /. 2. Lib. exs. no. 370. Berk. Outl. p. 380. Fcld. exs. no. 1752. On leaves of Vaccinium. 2302. Hystexium (Lophodermium) pinastri. ScJirad. '- Pine-leaf Hysterium." Epiphylloiis, innato-immersed, oval-oblong, longitudinally striate, blackish, opening mth an elliptic moutli ; disc livid; asci elongated, clavate, not pedicellate ; sporidia filiform, hya- line, incrassat-ed at the apex. — Fr. S.M. ii.^:). 587. Eng. Fl. y.p. 295. Fckl. exs. no. 734. Cooke exs. no. 396. Schrad. J. Bot. t. 3, /. 4. Moug. exs.7io.76. Schm.exs.no. 135. Grev. t. 60. Tul. Carp. Ml. 2)' 113. On pine leaves. Common. [United States.] 2303. Hystexium (Lophodexxniuxn) junipexinum. De Not. " Juniper Hysterium." Hypophyllous, minute, at first punctiform, innato-emergent, scattered, convex or flattened, elliptic, obtuse, scarcely rising above the matrix, black, shining ; lips closely connivent, at length opening by a narrow fissure ; asci clavate, sessile ; spori- dia filiform, straight or curved. — Duby Hyst.p. 46. Grev. t. 26. Cookeexs.no. 395. Babh. exs. no. 1658, ii. 445. H. Finastri, R. Jumperiniim,Fr. S.M. ii. p. 688. Desm. exs. no. 780, ii. 183. Eng. Fl. y.p. 295. Fckl. exs. no. 735. On Juniper leaves. Peritliecia scarcely one and a half times as long as broad. Asci '001 m.m. long. 2304. Hystexium (Icophodexmium) axundinaceum. Schrad, " Eeed Hysterium." Innate, oval, depressed, rugulose, opaque, brownish-black, opening longitudinally, at length gaping ; asci clavate, not pedicellate ; sporidia filiform, hyaline. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 590. Berk, exs. no. 94. Fckl.exs. no. 737. Cooke exs. no. 394. Moug. exs. no. 655. Fries exs. no. 328. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 295. Desm. exs. no. 85. Rabh.exs.i.no. 1151,11.710. 34, ^- i. wo. 357, ii. ?2o. 575. H. cul- migenum, Fr. Obs. ii. t. 7,/. 3. Fckl. exs. no. 738. Fr. exs. no. 97. Besm. exs. no. 238. E}>g. Fl. v. p. 296. Grev. t. 87. On sheaths of reeds and grasses. [ Jlid. Caroiiiia.] 2k 2 764 PHACIDIACEI. 2305. Hysterium (Lophodermium) typhinum. Fr. "Club- mace Uysterium." Innate, oblong, covered by the bullate epidermis, at length naked, black; lips slightly s\yollen, parallel; asci cylindrical; sporidia filiform, hyaline. — Fr. S.M. \i.p. 590. B. ^ Br. Ann. N. H. no. 589. On leaves of Typha latifoUa. Gen. 325. SPOROMEGA, Corda. Receptacle horny ; asci elon- gated, clavate ; sporidia filiform, when mature separating above, and united at the base. (^Fig. 360.) 2305. Sporoxnega cladophila. Lev. " Whortlebury Sporomega." Sub-innate, oblong- elliptic, at first brownish, from the almost adnate cuticle, at length, naked, black ; lips acute, not inflexed ; disc linear ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia filiform, hyaline. — Hy- sterium vaccina, Carm, Eng. Fl. v. /;. 295. Sporomega cladophila^ Duhy Hyst. p. 48. Fckl. exs. no. 1967. Fig. S60. On stems of Vaccinium myrtillus. Appin. In its early stage of growth it appears like a browB spot, as it swells the cuticle is raised up, and at length splits longitudinally, and for a long time closely covers the two lobes of the perithecium. — M.J.B. (iig- 360.) Gen. 326. COLPOIYZA, Wallr. Fig. 361. Perithecia between coriaceous and spongy, flexuose, elliptic or linear ; base plane, adnate, at first closed, then opening with a longitudinal fissure; lips soon divergent and open ; nucleus gelatinous ; asci elongato-cla- vate ; sporidia filiform, free above, fixed at the base. — Duhy Hyst.p.bO. {Fig. 361.) PHACIDIACEI. 765 2307. Colpoma quercinum. Wallr. " Oak-tvrig Colpoma." Simple, gregarious, elongated, flexuose, at first closed, prui- nose, blackish cinereous, at length open ; disc broad, pallid ; asci clavate ; sporidia filiform. — Duly. Hyst.p. hO. Fchl.exs.no. 760. Cooheexs. no. 397. Cenangium quercinum, Eng.Fl. v. p. 212. Berk. exs. no. 26. Clithris quercinum, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 189. Bull. t. 452,/. 4. Tode. t. S,f. 64. ^foug. exs. no. 367. Sphceria collapsa, Sow. t. 373, f. 3. Hyst. quercinum, Nees.f. 300. Schm. exs. no. 65. On oak twigs. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] (Fi^. 361 .) Gen. 327. AZLOGRA.PBUM, Lib. Perithecia minute, linear, or elliptico-linear, simple or branched, opening with a narrow, longitu- dinal fissure ; asci sacciform, OToid-oblong. — Lib. Exs. no. 272. Duhy Hyst. p. 37. {Fig. 362.) Fi^. 362. 2308. Ailogzaphum vagum. Besmz. " Holly-leaf Ailographum." Perithecia innato-superficial, scattered, elliptical, or linear- ovate, simple or forked, black, opaque ; lips closely connivent, acute ; asci ellipsoid, attenuated from the base ; sporidia very minute, oblong. — Ann. So. Nat. xix./). 362. Desm. exs. no. 1529. Duhy Hyst. p. 38. A. Hederce, Lib. exs. 272. Rabh. exs. no. 1055, ii. 710. 528. Hyst. micrographum, Be Not. Micro. Ital. iv./. 3. On dry coriaceous leaves. (Shere, M.C.C.) The perithecia are scarcely visible to tlie ^ aked eye. 2309. Ailographum maculare. B. d- Br. " Spot Ailographum." Perithecia mostly simple, sub-concentric, disposed in orbicular spots ; asci short, oblong; sporidia oblongo-clavate. — Br. ^ Br. Ann.N.H.no. 968, ^ 16,/. 21. On an old mat made of Typha. May. Hainault Forest. Forming little orbicular black patches, in which the perithecia are dig- posed in a somewhat concentric fashion ; perithecia mostly simple ; asci short, oblong; sporidia oblongo-clavate ('OOOo in.) •0125 m.m. long. My- celium matted, brown, producing here and there dark patches ; very distinct in habit, and in the longer asci. {Fig. 362.) 76G PHACIDIACEI. AsTERixA Babtxgtonit, Bcrk. is claimed bj lichcnologists nncler tlie name" of Strigula Bahingtonii. It is at the best a very doubtful fungus. Gen. 328. ACTZDIUM, Fr. Perithecia free, carbonaceous, black, fragile, stellate, opening from the centre in radiating fissures ; asci clavate, evanescent ; paraphyses none. — Fr. 01 s. i. p. 190. Bub?/ Hyst. p. 43. {Fig. 363.) Fig. 363. 2310. Actidium hysterioides. F7\ " Stellate Actidium." Perithecia stellate, gregarious, punctiform, black, even, at first rounded, then 4-6 gonate, radiato-stellate, somewhat closed ; asci clavate, sporidia cylindrical, straight. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 596. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv.;?. 155. On chips of wood under fir trees. Weybridge. May. (Fig.zm.) ■ Gen. 329. LOFKIUM, Fr. Fig. 361. Perithecia stipitate, wedge-shaped, opening with a narrow, longitudinal fissure ; asci elongated. — Berk. Outl. p. mi. {Fig.m4..) 2311. Iiophium elatum. Grev. " Elongated Lophium." Stipitate, compressed, black, transversely striate, dilated gradually upwards into an elongated wedge-shaped perithecium ; asci cylindrical; sporidia filiform, multiseptate. — Grev. t. 177,/. 2. Fr. El. ii. p. 113. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 281. On fir wood. Rare. Appin. 2312. Lophium mytilinum. Fr. *' Shell Lophium." Shortly pedicellate, much dilated upwards, transversely striate, black, shining ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia filiform, multiseptate. PHACIDIACEI. 767 — Fr. *S'.3/.ii.;9.533. Grev.t.mj.l.mes.f.'^Ol. Eng. FLy. p. 280. Fckl. exs. no. 762. On bark or wood of fir trees. {F'ig. 364.) ST£GIA, Fr. Perithecium orbicular, splitting horizontally; operculum deciduous. Berk.Outl.p, 381. {Fig. 365.) 2313. Stegia ilicis. i^r. " Holly Stegia." Innate, operculum nearly plane, falling off, surrounded by a ring- like, whitish margin ; asci linear; sporidia oblong. — Fr. El. ii. jj. Fig. 365. 112. CooJce exs. no. 178. Eustegia ilicis, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 280. FcU. exs. no. 1589. Fries, exs. no. 417. Moug.exs.no. ^2. Sph. concava, Soiv. t. 317. Xyloma concava, Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 308. Baxt. exs. no. 77. On holly leaves. Common. {Fig. 365.) Gen. 331. TROCKZX.A, Fr. Disc innate, erumpent, placed upon a black hypo- thecium, persistent. — Berk. Ouil.p. 381. Fr. S.V.S.p. 367. (Fig.S66.) 2314. Trochila lauro-ce- irasi. Fr. "Laurel Trochila." Hypophyllous, orbicular, punctiform, hollow when Fig. 366. collapsed, at length black, splitting into three acute lacini^ ; asci linear; sporidia oblong, uniseriate. — Fr. S.V.S. ii. p. 367. FcU. exs. no. 1112. CooJce exs. no. 179. Phacidium Lauro- cerasi, Des7n. exs. no. 188. Eng. Fl. y. p. 293. Moug. exs. no. 985. Ayres. ex. no. 72. Berk. exs. no. 45. On fallen laurel leaves. Common. Disc yellowish, when moist, loner. Sporidia (•0003-'0004 in.) -OOrS-'Ol m.m. 768 PHACIDIACEI. 2315. Trochila buxi. Capron. " Box Trochila." Hypoiihyllous, blackish, caespitose or scattered, splitting into minute unequal laciniic ; sporiJia oval, elongated. — E. Capron in litt. T. crateriumy var. Buxi. Auct. On box leaves. Sporidia oval, elongated (OOOi-'OOOSin.), 01-*0125 m.m, long, much larger than in T craferium ; contents, when fresh, granular. More closely allied to T la\iro-cerasi.~ E. C. 2316. Trochila CYaterium. Fr. " Ivy-leaf Craterium." Pycnidia. — Stylospores minute, subglobose. — Myxosporium paradoxum, De Not, Micr. Ital. Dec. \\.f. 10. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 439, Glceosporium Notarisii, Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat. (]849), xii.^;. 296. FcJcL exs.no. 1649. AscoPHORE. — Hypopbyllous, scattered, blackish, at length deejjly collapsed ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia very shortly oval, almost round, sometimes with a large nucleus. — Fr. S.V.S. ii.p. 367. Fckl. exs. no. 1113. Cooke exs. no. 180. Sph. craterium, Eng. Fl. y.p. '211 . S.punctiformis, var. Q, Hederce, Grev. Fl. Ed. Baxt. exs. no. 29. Ayres. exs. no. 65. On dead ivy leaves. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia nearly globose /0003 in.) '0075 m.m. long.] {Fig. 366.) sph.i:etacei. 769 Order XXXI. SPH^EIACEI. Perithecia carbonaceous or membranaceous, sometimes confluent •with the stroma, pierced at the apex, and mostly papillate ; hy- menium diffluent. — Berk. Outl. 7;. 381. A. B. C. D. Kectriffii "\ Xylariei > Compound. Yalsei ) Sphceriei . , Simple. A. XectricBi. Stipitate — Clavate or capitate Head globose, base sclerotioid Parasitic on grass — Stroma mycelioid Variable — Sporidia didymous, at length separating Sporidia didymous, ejected in tendrils — parasitic on fungi .... Stroma definite, perithecia free, clustered or scat- tered Perithecia erect, in a coloured sac .... Torruhia. Clavkeps, Ej)ichloe. Hy^ocrea, Hypomyces. Nectria. Oomyc&s. Gen. 332. Fig. 367. TORRUBZA, Ley. Stroma vertical, fleshy, clavate or ca- pitate ; perithecia immersed ; sporidia linear, multi-septate, breaking up into fragments. — Tid. Car}-), lii. p. 4. Cordi- cejjs, Fr. Berlc. Outl. p. 381. {Fig. 367.) 2317. Toxrubia entoznorirhiza. Fr. '• Dickson's Torrubia." Fleshy, head subglobose, brown ; stem slender, long ; sporidia colourless, long, breaking up into joints. — Tul. Carp. iii. p. 14, t. 1,/. 12-18. Cordyceps entomorr- hiza, Fr. S.M. i\.p. 324. Dicks, t. 3,/. 3. Berk. Outl. t. 23,/. 5. Eng. Fl. y.p. 232. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. f.45,/. 6. Cooke exs.no. 187. 2k 5 770 SPH^RIACET, On dead larva? and pupfB of motlis, burled on the ground. Autumn. [United States.] Head \ in. long, broadly elliptic, quite distinct from the stem, changing from chestnut to bright red-brown, minutely dotted with the ostiola, of a tough, fleshy consistence, nearly white within ; stem 2 inches high, 1 line thick, nenrly equal, pale above, darker below, of the same colour as the head, slightly mottled, almost smooth, giving out at the base numerous root- like tilaments ; perithecia completely sunk in the flesh, much elongated, tapering to the orifice, brown, contents of the same colour. — M.J.B. {Fig. 367.) 2318. Toxrubia gracilis. B. " Slender Torrubia." Head roundlsh-oyate, even, brown ; stem rooting, elongated, cylindrical, somewhat flexuous. — Tul. Carp. in. p. 15. Cordyceps gracilis, Berk. Outl.p. 382. Eng. Fl. y. p. 233. Grev. t. 86. D. ^ M. Fl. Alg. i. p. 449, t. 25, /. 2. On the ground in moist places (on larv^). Differs entirely from C. ophioglossoides in form, and in being destitute of any yellow tinge ; the sporidia are also different.— J/. J.B. It is somewhat doubtful whether this is really distinct from T. entomorrhiza. 2319. Tozxubia militaxis. Fr. " Eed Torrubia." CoxiDiA. — SubcEespitose, white ; stem distinct, simple, becoming smooth ; clubs incrassated, mealy ; conidia globose. — Isaria farinosa, Fr. tS.M.ui. p. 270. Link. Diss./. 32. Stiirm.t. 34. Nees. f.S6. Eng. Fl.Y.p.328. Ramaria farinosa^ Sow. f. 308. Holms. If. 7. (Fig. 368.) AscoPHORE. — Fleshy, orange-red; head clavate, tuberculose; stem equal ; sporidia long, breaking up into joints. — Tul. Carp. iii. p. 6, 1. 1,/. 19-31. Fckl. exs. no. 1067. Cordycepsmilitaris, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 325. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/. 3. Berk. Outl. t. 23, /. 6. Sphceriamilitaris,Fl. Dan. t. 657,/. 1. Vaill. t. 1 ,f. 4. Buxh. iv. t. 66,/ 2. Nov. Act. N.C. iv. t. 7,/. 5. Bull. t. 496, /. 1 . Bolt. t. 128. Sow. t. 60. Nees.f. 305. Furt. t. 23. Price./. 63, partly. On pupce of moths buried in the ground. Aug.— Oct. [United States.] Fig. 368. SPHiEEIACEI. 771 2320. Torrubia xnyxmecophila. liCl. '' Ichneumon Torrubia." Oc"hraceous wMte ; stem thread-shaped ; club ovoid, steiile below, ribbed above. — TuX. Caiy.iu.p. 19. Cordyceps myrmeco- phila. Berk. Outl. p. S82. Hypocreamyrmecophila, Rabh. exs.no. 1033. B. 4-. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 591. On an Ichneumon. May. Leigh Wood. 2321. Torrubia ophioglossoides. Tul. " Adder's tongue Torrubia." Fleshy ; head clavate, brownish-black ; stem rooting, olive, becoming blackish; sporidia cylindrical, long, breaking up into joints. — Tul. Carp. iii. j;?. 20, t. 2,/. 1-9. Cordyceps ophioglossoides. Fr. S.M. VL. p. 324. Schmied. t. h, lower Jig. Bull. t. 440,/. 2. Pers. 31. E. t. 10,/. 5-6. Etig. Fl. v. p. 233. 3foug. exs. no. 565. Fries, exs. no. 301. Schm. exs. no. 26. Bei^k, Mag. Zool. ^- Bot. no. 92, t. 7,/. 4. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 4,0, f. 7. In woods on Elaphomyces muricatus. Oct. [Mid. Carolina.] Asci very long ; paraphyses extremely slender ; liead ^-lin. or more long, yellow within, as well as the stem, which at the base divides into long roots, sometimes tufted ; joints of spoi'idia ('0001 in.) '0025 m.m. long. 2322. Torrubia capitata. Fr. " Capitate Torrubia." Fleshy, head ovato-globose, bay-brown ; stem yellow, then blackish ; sporidia colourless, jointed, the joints rod-shaped or cylindrical. — Tul. Carp. iii. p. 22, t. 2,/ 10-15. Cordyceps capi- tata, Fr. S.M. \i.p. 324. Fl. Dan. t. 540. Bolt. t. 130. Soiv. t. 854. Holm.i.p.SS. Pers. M.F. 1. 10, f. 1-4.. Eiig.Fl. y. p. 233. Moug. exs. no. 763. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/ 10. In pine woods on Elaphomyces granulatus. [Low. Carolina.] Often tufted ; stem 1-4 in. high, 2-4 lines thick, equal, smooth, lemon- coloured, at length tibroso-strigose and blackish. The colour of the head borders on yellow, red-brown, and black. — Fries. Joints of the sporidia (•0003 in.) -0076 m.m. long. 2323. Torrubia (?) pistillariaeformis. B. S Br. " Doubtful Torrubia." Very small, club brown ; head oblong-ovate ; stem cylindrical, pallid, dilated at the base, sub-equal. — Cordyceps pistillariceformisj B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 969, 1. 16, /. 22. 772 SPH2ERIACEI. On wycli elm twigs. Nov.— Feb. Batheaston. Plant 2 lines hif^h ; head oblonpf-ovate, granulated from the perithecia, which are sunk in its substance, rather longer than the pallid, cylindrical stem, which is slightly swollen at the base. Fruit unknown. Grows on a sclerotioid substance.—^, tfc Br. Gen. 333. CLAVZCEFS, Tul. Stroma sclerotioid, sub-cylindrical ; fructifying bead distinct, flesby, sub- globose, coloured ; asci linear, tbickened at tbe apex ; sporidia filiform. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1853, xx. p. 43. {Fig. 369.) 2324. Ttd. Claviceps purpurea. " Purple Claviceps." Stroma. — Horn-shaped, cylindrical, externally sub-pruinose, purple-black, within white or purplish. — Sclerotium ^^' ■ clavus, D.C. FLFr. Yi. p. 116. Spermce- dta cJavus,Fr. S.M. n. 268. Encj.Fl.Y. 226. Secale cornutum. Bald. Diss. 1771, etmultis aliis, " Ergot of Rye," &c. Spermogonia ? — Effused, red ; stroma expanded ; spermatia curved. — Fusarium heterosporium, Nees. N. A. Cur. ix. 135. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 955. FcJd. Sym. Myc.p. 186. CoxiDiA. — Elliptical, moniliform, finally separating, with one or more granules. — Oidium ahortifaciens, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 545. Frgoietia abortifaciens, Queh. Linn. Trans, xviii. 471. AscoPHORE. — Flesby, pale purple ; head globose, tubercu- lose ; stem short, flexuous ; sporidia filiform colourless, attenu- ated at each end, variable in length. — Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1853, XX. t. 3. Cordyceps purpurea^ Fr. S.M. \\.p. 325. Berh. Outl. p. 382. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 46, f. 25. Fl. Dan. t. 1781. Fckl. exs. no. 1068. On grains of corn and grasses. Sporidia (•002--003 in.) •05--0"6m.ni. {Fig. 369.) 2325. Claviceps xnicrocephala. Claviceps." Tul. " Small-headed Stroma. — Horn shaped, cylindrical, blackish, internally whitish. ^Sclerotium clavus,D.C. var.phragjnitiSj " Reed Ergot," &c. SPH^EIACEI. 773 AscoPHORE. — Minute ; head globose ; stem long, slender, flexuoiis ; asci with a distinct hyaline knob at the apex; spori- dia colourless, filiform, attenuated at either end. — Tul. A'/in. Sc. Nat. 1853, XX. ^.4, 5. FcM. exs. no. 1069. Cordyceps microce- phala, Berk. Outl.p. 382. Sphceria Hooheri, Eng. Fl. y. p. 23i ? Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii.^. 261. On seeds of reed, &c. Sporidia (•002--0034 in.) -OS-'OS m.m. Claviceps xigricaxSj Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1853, xx. ^. 4, /. 15-22. The stroma (ergot) is common enough in Britain on EleocharU, but the mature Claviceps (ascophore) has not been found. Gen. 334. EPZCHLOE, Fr. Parasitic on grass, coloured ; perithecia lleshy, immersed in a mvcelioid stroma; sporidia linear. —Fr. S. V.S. Tul. Carp. iii. p. 24. {Fig. 370.) 2326. Epichloe typhina. Berli. " Grass Epicbloe." Elongated, innate, surrounding the stem, dirty white, soon orange- yellow, at length granulated from the projecting ostiola ; sporidia cylindrical, straight, with numer- ous nucleoli. — Tul. Carp. Hi. p. 24:. FcJd. Sym. Myc. p. 186. Hypocrea typhina, Berk. Outl. p. 383. DotJiidea typhina, Fr. S.M. \i.p. 553. Sphceria typhina, Pers. Ic. ^ Desc. t. 7, /. 1. Eng. Fl. x.p. 285. Moug. exs. no. 79. Fries. exs. no. 37. Schm. exs. no. 4:. S. spiculifera, Sow. t. 274. Stroraa- tospjheria typhina, Grev. t. 204. On liying grasses. Common. [Low. & Mid. Carolina,] The grass affected with this carious parasite mimics the reed mace {Typha) in its appearance. It surrounds the stalks to an extent varying from half an in. to 2 in., is white in its earliest state, but in a few days acquires the orange-yellow colour of maturity.— /oA/i5^i^J. J5er. (-f'lj. 370.) Fig. 370. SPH^RIACEI. HTPOCREA, Fr. Stroma rariable ; perithecia fleshy, pallid or coloured, ovato- globose and obtuse ; asci eight spored ; sporidia uniseriate, didy- mous, with two globose and equal cells, at length separating. — Fr. S.MM 385. Tul. Carp, iil p. 29. [Fig. 371.) Fig. 371. 2327. Rypocrea gelatinosa. Fr, " Gelatinous Hj'pocrea." Fleshy, convex, equal, opaque, internally whitish ; perithecia prominent, darker than the stroma ; sporidia colourless, squarish in the ascus, nearly round when free. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 336. Fries, exs. no. 30^. Tode.J. 123, 124. Fl. Dan. t. 1782, /. 1, 2. Eng. Fl. V. ;?. 238. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t.4:6,f. 33. Fckl. exs. no. 993. On fir. Appin, &c [United States.] Variable in colour, yellow, green, nmber, pallid, &c. Sporidia ("0002 in.) '005 m.m. long. 2328. Hypoczea rufa. Fr. " Rufous Hypocrea." CoxiDiA. — Villous, white ; conidia globose, dusky green. — Trichoderma viride, Fers. Syii.p. 230. Fr. S.M. Hi. p. 215. Grev. t 271. Eng. Fl.Y. p. 323. Tode.f. 2d. Bull. t.b04.,f.Q. Sow. t. 378,/. 14. FcM. exs. no. 164. AscoPHORE. — Fleshy, convex, irregular, rufous, internally whitish, wrinkled when dry ; ostiola slightly prominent ; spori- dia sixteen, squarish, colourless. — Tul. Carp. iii. p. 30, t. iii./. 1- 10. Fr. S.M. \\. p. 33'^. Fr.exs.no. 3^3. Fl. Dan.t.ll^\J.2. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 238. Cu7^r. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/. 36. Fckl. exs. no. 994. On oak, &c. [United States.] Sporidia ('OOOIS in.) '004 m.m.— Tul. {Fig. 371,) 2329. Hypocrea riccioidea. Berk. " Lobed Hypocrea." Large, fleshy, deeply lobed, orange ; sporidia oblong, unisep- tate. — Berk. Outl.p. 383. Sphceria riccioidea, Bolt. t. 182. Ann. SPH^EIACEI. 775 N.H. no. 95. SpJiceria parmelwides, Mont. Ann. Sc. N'at. xi. t. 18, /. 4. Acrospermiim, Tode, t. 2,f. 15, a. h. On Tvillow. Rare. Halifax. 2330. Hypocrea vitalba. B.^^Br. " Clematis Hypocrea." Minute, bro"wn, convex, sublobate ; perithecia ovate ; sporidia biseriate, triseptate, fusiform, appendiculate, hyaline. — B. 4' -Sr. Ann. N.H. no. 829," t. 9, /. 8. On Clematis vitalh a. Batheaston. Forming minute groups of brown, convex, sometimes sligMly lobe d or con- fluent stromata ; perithecia ovate; ostiola obsolete; asci cylindrical, clavate ; sporidia (•0022-"002o in.) '05-'06 m.m long ('00025 in.), "007 m.m. wide, fusi- form, triseptate, hyaline, torulose, elongated at either end into a slender setiform appendage. — B. 4' Br. 2331. Hypocrea citrina. Fr. " Lemon-coloured Hypocrea." Flesby, effused, nearly plane, lemon coloured ; ostiola promi- nent, brownisli; sporidia 16, irregular, colourless. — Fr. S.M. ii. j9. 337. Grev. t.2U. Fr.exs. no. 31. BerJc. Eng. Fl. v. ;;. 238. Berk. Outl. p. 383. Ciirr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 4:6, f. 51. Fckl. exs. no. 996. On leaves, wood, &c. Appin. [United States.] Web-like stratum 2-5 inches broad, byssoidatthe margin, especially when young, attaching itself to everything lying in its way, plane, but undulated by the subjacent substances, yellow or tawny yellow. — Grev. 2332. Hypocrea delicatula. Tul. " Delicate Hvpocrea " Perithecia in byssoid patches, delicate, and quite smooth, at first pale yellowish, at length fawn-coloured ; asci straight, nar- rowly linear ; sporidia at first cubical, but when free becoming sphencal. — TuI.Carp. iii. p. 23, t. A,/. 7-13. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. iv. vol. xiii. p. 18. B. <^^ Br. Ann. N. H. (1868 ), no. 1176. Fir plantations, April. Wilts. This extremely interesting fungus is nearly allied to H. citrina, of which it has the habit. It forms patches which are easily separable from the matrix, of a delicate cream-colour, studded wdth fawn-coloured perithecia.— B. • §9,^- xi. /. 1-10. De Not. Sfer. Ital. t. 2,/. 6. Sph. sinopica, Fr.El. ii. p)' 81. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 97. Curr. Micr, Jour.ii\.p.21(). Movg.exs.no. 1335. Desm. exs. ?io. 1259. On shoots of ivy. King's C'iffe. Each articulation of the sporidia sometimes contains a single nucleus. Perithecia when young frosted with a yellowish meal. 2351. Nectria aquifolia. Berk. " Large-spored Holly Nectria." Cfespitose ; stroma yellowish within ; perithecia globose, ru- gulose, ambilicate from collapsing, at first brick-red, then pale, at length black ; sporidia colourless, elliptical, pseudo-se])tate, by division of endochrome. — Berk. Outl. p. 393. Tul. Carp. iii. p. 87, t. X. S. aquijoUa, Fr. El. ii. p. 82. Eng. Fl. v. p. 253. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49,/. 183. On dead holly. Apethorpe. SPH^EIACEI. 783 Sporidia (-0005 in.);0127 m.m. Tulasne unites N. inaurata with this species. " Fungus octosporus simul et macrosporus, sporis saepius niuticis.=iV". aquifolia, B. Fungus polysporus et microsporuSj vel octosporus cum sporis minimis et appendiculatis.=uy. inaurata, B," 2352. Nectxia inaurata. B. <^' Br. " Small-spored Holly Nectria." Cfespitose ; peritliecia globose, then depressed, at length "brown tinged with red, frosted with yellow ; ostiola papilla3form, at length impressed, naked, black-brown ; asci and sporidia of two kinds, some clavate, with numerous small curved sporidia, others cylindrical, with eight elliptic sporidia, appendiculate at both ends.— ^. 4- Br. Ann. iV.H. no. 781*. Gard. Chron. 22nd July, 1854. Tul. Carp. iii. p. 87. On dead holly. Bath. The larger asci are clavate, containing curved, minute sporidia, not ex- ceeding (•00015 in.) "0035 m.m. The smaller cylindrical asci contain eight elliptic, uniseptate sporidia ("OOOS-'OOOG in.) •0125-'015 m.m. long, furnished ■with a delicate, hyaline appendage at either end. 2353. Nectria Ralfsii. B. 4' Br. " Ralfs's Nectria." Ca^spitose ; perithecia thick, orange, densely clothed with whitish meal, strongly collaj^sed when dry, mouth obscure, papil- lasform ; asci clavate ; sporidia elongated, uniseptate. — Ann. N.H. no. 780. On dead branches (beech and furze). Csespitose. Perithecia orange, globose, but strongly collapsed, when dry covered with whitish furfuraceous scales ; mouth generally obscure, some- times minutely papillgeform ; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, elongated, uni- septate, with one or two nuclei in each division, varying greatly in size, from ('OOOG-'OOl in.) •015-"025 m.m. long. The hymenium is sometimes ex- posed, apparently from the splitting off of the upper portion of the peri- thecium. 2354. Nectria hirta. Blox. " Hairy Nectria." Perithecia minute, subglobose, with a slightly ptrominent ostiolum, of a pinkish- salmon colour, covered with prominent white hairs ; sporidia biseriate, curved, colourless, tapering slightly at each end, multisej)tate. — Curr, Linn. Trans, xxiv. t. 25,/. 24. B. <^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1101. On decaying rails. Twycross. A small but beautiful species, remarkable for its hairy perithecia, and the great size of its sporidia, which differ entirely from the ordinary form of fruit in Ntctria. Sporidia ^'003 in.) '075 m.m. long. 784 SPH^EIACEI. II. Byssised^. 2355. Nectria Albertini. B. 4- Br, ** Roseate Nectria." Perithecia gregarious, ovate, acute, papillate, rose coloured, seated on a roseate tomentose subiculum; sporidia swollen in the middle, fusiform, uniseriate. — Ann. N.H. no. 971, t. 17,/*. 24 a. Sphceria rosella, A. ^ S. t. 9,f. 3. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. ^ 57,/. 3. On the ground, on sticks, leaves, &c. Near Bristol. [Mid. Carolina?] Differs most distinctly in the fruit from Nectria rosella, Fr. which is now included under Hypomyces. III. ViLLOSiE. 2356. Nectria flavida. Fr. " Yellow Nectria." Stroma floccose, delicate, yellow ; perithecia subglobose, minute, orange, covered with thin yellow down ; ostiola naked, rounded ; sporidia elongated, fusiform, curved. — Fr. Summ. V.S. p. 388. Sph. flavida, Corda. iy. t. 8,/. 117. B. 4' Br. Aim. N.H. no. 610. On decayed stumps. Leigh Wood, Bristol. 2357. Nectria funicola. B. S^ Br. " Eope Nectria." Perithecia scattered, orange, ovate, attenuated upwards, clothed with scattered, short, obtuse hairs ; asci clavate ; spori- dia oblong-elliptic, triseptate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 611. On decayed rope. Oct. King's Cliffe. Minute, scattered ; perithecia ovate, attenuated above, clothed with short obtuse, colourless hairs ; orifice obtuse, without any distinct papilla ; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong- elliptic when seen from the back, subcymbiform when seen laterally ; the endochrome is more or less perfectly divided by septa into four parts.— ^. <£■ Br- IV. Denudat^e. 2358. Nectria peziza. Fr, " Cup-like Nectria." Gregarious, soft ; perithecia globose, even, sub-papillary, orange-pink, concave when collapsed; sporidia broadly elliptic, colourless, uniseptate. — Fr. S.V.S.p.2>^^. Berk. Outl. p.39S,t. 24,/. 6. Sph. Fezizce,Fr.S.M.n.p.4.b2. Tode.f. 122. Moug. exs. no. 483. Fries, exs. no. 235. Sturm, t. 12. Fckl. exs. no. 982. SPH^EIACEI. 785 Berk. exs. no, 176. Grev. t. 186,/. 2. Hoff. B.T. t. 12,/. 2. Nees. f. 361. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 67,/. 44. Eng. Fl. v. p. 262. Peziza hydrophora, Bull. t. 410,/. 2. ^Soz^'. ^. 23. On decayed stumps. [United States.] Sporidia (•0004.-0006 in.) -Ol-'Olo m.m. long. Nectxia auxea, Grev. t. 47. Messrs. Berkeley and Broome state (Ann. N.H. 1866, p. 128) that the Spkceria awrea of Greville is a Nectria allied to N. peziza. 2359. Nectxia platasca. Berk. " Touchwood Xectria." Scattered ; perithecia orange, globose, confluent with, the subobtuse ostiolum ; base immersed ; asci broad above ; sporidia oblong, triseptate, quadrinucleate. — Berk. Outl. p. 393. Sph. platasca, Eng. Fl. Y.p). 263. On touchwood. Rockingham Forest, Perithecia globose, but tapering above into the ostiolum, which varies somewhat in length, so as to have a slightly ovate appearance, immersed in the soft white wood, almost to the base of the ostiolum, of the same colour as Peziza aurardia, with now and then a few indistinct filaments ; asci broad above ; sporidia oblong, divided into four articulations, each containing a nucleus. — MJ^.B. 2360. Nectxia sanguinea. Fr. " Blood-red Nectria." Scattered, soft, minute ; perithecia ovate, papillary, blood-red ; sporidia elliptical, colourless, uniseriate, uniseptate. — Curr. Linn. Trails. -Kxii. t. b7,f.4:b. Fr. S.V.S. j^- ^^^' Sph. sanguinea, Fr. S.M. Up. 453. E7ig. Fl. \.p. 263. Bolt. t. 121. Soiv. t. 254. Fries, exs. no. 264. Grev. 1. 175,/. 1 . Baxt. exs. no. 75. Berk. exs. no. 83 (var. cicatricuni). On sticks, wood, Hypoxyla, ^c. Common. [United States.] Sporidia (•0004--0005 in.) ■01--0127 m.m. 2361. Nectxia episphsexia. Fr. " Parasitic Nectria." Gregarious, soft, very small, blood-red ; perithecia somewhat compressed, collapsing ; pajjilla convexo-oblong ; sporidia colour- less, elliptical, acuminate, or round at the ends, endochrome bipartite or binucleate. — Tul. Carp), iii. p). 91. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii, t. hi, f. 47. Sp)h. epispheria, Tode. f. 89. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 454. Fries, exs. wc. 265. Eng. Fl.Y.p.263. Grev.t. 175,/. 2. On Hypoxyla, &c. [United States.] Sporidia (•0002--0004 in.) •005--01 m.m. 2l 786 SPH^RIACEI. 2362. Nectria Purtoni. Curr. " Purton's Nectria." Gregarious ; perithecia globose, clotted, red, at length blackisb, immersed at first in the receptacle ; mouth very small, sub- mamillose ; sporidia uniseriate, colourless, acuminate, ellijDtical. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii, t. 49,/. 181. Cucurhitaria pinastri, Grev. ^ 50. S. Purtoni, Grev. On Valsa ahietis. Sporidia (-0004 in.) -01 m.m. Elevating the bark, which is at length ruptured by the evolution of the perithecia, which are at first included in a receptacle, but having pierced its surface, assume a globular form, and appear as if merely seated on that body, others push aside those which preceded them, and thus irregular clusters are produced. When it occurs it is in great abundance, fre:iuently covering the smaller branches for many feet, at intervals often not exceed- ing the eighth of an inch. — Grev. 2363. Nectria ochraceo-pallida. B.&Br. *' Pale-ocbre Nectria." Perithecia pallid-ochraceous, ovate, obtuse ; ostiola minute, papillteform ; asci clavate ; sporidia elongated, subfusiform, tri- septate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 607. On elm branches. Rockingham Forest. Oregarious, scattered or crowded, perithecia pale-ochre, with a minute papillseform orifice more or less collapsed when dry. Formerly considered as a state of N . cocci/iea, from which the clavate asci and longer sporidia dis- tinguish it. var. corallina. B. ^-Br.Ann.N.H. no. 779*. On elder and elm. Eather smaller than the paler plant, and less depressed, but little dis- tinguishable difference in the fruit. — B. <£• Br. 2364. Nectria muscivora. B.^^ Br. " Moss-loving Nectria." Mycelium effused, white, woolly ; perithecia crowded, orange, semi-immersed, ovate ; ostiola papillteform ; asci clavate ; spori- dia shortly fusiform. — B. ^•. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 608. On mosses. King's Cliffe. [On Jungermannia. S. Carolina.] Mycelium forming white lanose patches, 2 in. or more in diameter, and rapidly destroying the moss on which it grows. Perithecia collected in little groups, more or less connate, half immersed in the m3'celium, bright orange, ovate, sometimes collaj sing laterally. Sporidia elliptic, pointed at either end, with a central septum, and the endochrome in each articulation bipar- tite, probably trise^tate v, hen mature. SPH^RIACEl. 787 2365. Nectria azenula. B, ,^- Br, " Pale Grass Nectria.'' Scattered, -svliitish-oclire ; perithecia ovate, very shortly pe- dicellate; ostiola papillasform; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, subfusiform, uniseptate. — Berk. Outl. p. 394. Sph. arenula^ B, 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 622, ^.-9,/. 5. On dead leaves of Aira ccespitosa. Feb. Batbeaston. Thinly scattered over the leaves. Perithecia ovate, with an obtuse papil- Iseform ostiolum, contracted at the base, rarely obovate, and perfectly blunt. Asci sub-clavate ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, slightly attenuate, rarely sub-elliptic, uniseptate. — B. 4' Br. 2366. Nectxia gxaxninicola. B.d:Br. '' Eed-grass Xectria," Perithecia ovate, scattered, at length collapsed, red ; sporidia fusiform, uniseptate. — B. ^* Br. Ann. N.H, no, 897, t. 11,/. 40. On Aira ccesjntosa, Jan. Batheaston. Scattered over the dead leaves, ovate, red, at length collapsed. Sporidia fusiform (•O007-*0008 in.) •017-'Q'2 m,m. long. Closely resembling ^V. peziza. 2367. Nectria Bloxami. B. ^' Br. " Bloxam's Nectria." Scattered, dark cinnabar-red ; perithecia strongly collapsed, nearly smooth ; sporidia elongated^ subfusiform, c^uadrinucleate. — i^. % Br. Ann. N.H. no. 781. On dead stems of herbaceous plants. Twycross. Sporidia (•0G065 in.) "016 m.m. long. Differs from N. ochraceo -2X111 id2S. Pers. Ohs.t. 1,/ 5. Fries, exs.no. 302. Schm.exs.no. 17 6. Eng. Fl.Y.p.2^b. Fl. Dan. t.l86S, f. 1. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 4:0, f. 23. Fckl. exs. no. 1066. Cooke exs. no. 364. On beech mast. Common. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ('0004 in.) '01 m.m. 2376. Xylaria pedunculata. Pr. " Stalked Xylaria." Corky, slender, simple, springing from a sclerotioid base ; head ovate, or subglobose ; sporidia clear brown, eventually black, almond-shaped, or elliptical. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 382. Berk. Outl.p. 385. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 17, t. 2,/ 29, 30. Sph. pedunculata, Dicks, t. 8. Sow. t. 437. Berk, exs.no. 168. Mag. Zool. ^ Bot.no. 93, vol.\\.p. 223. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxv. t. 4:6,/. 5. Gaj^d. Chron. April 15, 1871./^. SPH^RIACEl. 791 On soil mostly attached to dung. Sporidia ("OOlo-'OOlGin.) "03 m.m. Before maturity surrounded by a gela- tinous envelope. 2377. Xylaria bulbosa. B.^^Br. " Bulbous Xylaria." Corky, simple or forked, brown, then black ; stem cylindrical, bulbous at the base and spongy; sp®ridia narrow, ovate. — Tul. Carp. u.p. 20. B. ^ Br. Berk. Outl.p. 385, t. 24, /. 2. Sphoeria bulbosa, Pers. Ob.^. ii. f. i.f. i. Amongst fir leaves. Bath. 2373. Xylaria vapoiraria. Berk. " Currey's Xylaria. ' Stroma sclerotioid, corky, rugose, irregular, terminating at the apex in short prominences (possibly abortive receptacles) ; receptacles conical, stipitate, bearing perithecia only on the lower half; the upper half attenuated, subpulverulent, of a light red- dish brown colour, the lower half darker ; perithecia rather scattered, slightly prominent; nucleus black, glutinous ; spori- dia (8) almond-shaped, biseriate, black. — Curr. Linn. Titans, xxiv. t. 2b, f. 17, 26. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1095. On Sclerotium found in a mushroom bed. Cornwall. " This plant was sent in a sclerotioid condition. In Dec, 1862, I planted it in damp sand, covered it with a bell-glass, and kept it moist in a warm room, in a window facing the south. The fertile branches or receptacles soon made their appearance above the surface of the sand, and by the end of March ripe frait was produced." Sporidia (■00l8-'0022 in.), *04-*055 m.m. Ion g.-i^.C. Gen. 340. FORONIA, Fr. Stipitate ; stroma between fleshy and corky ; fructifying surface discoid ; perithecia im- mersed ; sporidia ovate, simple, coloured, — Fr. Nov. Sym. Myc.p. 113. {Fig. 376.) Fig. 376. 2379. Poxonia punctata. Fr. " Punctate Poronia." Stipitate, turbinate, externally blackish ; disc truncate, whitish, dotted with the black ostiola ; conidia minute, spherical ; spori- dia at first brown, then black and opaque, elliptical — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 330. Berk. Outl.p. 385. Grev. t. 327. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 27, t. iii./. 17-18. Sow. t. 54. Nees. f. 315. Fries, exs. no. 182. Eng. Fl.Y.p2^6. Sph. truncata, Bolt. t. 127, f. 2. Bull. t. 252. Fl. Dan. ^.288. Moug. exs. no. 958. Cun\ Linn. Trans, xxii. ^.45, f,21. 792 SPH^EIACEI. On horse and cow dung. Gregarious ^-1 in. high, at first covered with a powdery veil, which at length vanishes and leaves the outer portion of the plant blackish, the disc being still white, but dotted with the orifices of the perithecia, which, from the depression of the cup, are often rather convergent than divergent.— M.J.B. Sporidia ( 0008--0012 in.), •02--03 m.m. Gen. 341. Fig. S77. THAMNOMYCES, Ehr. Stem shrubby or simple ; perithecia of the same sub- stance as the stem. {Fig. ^11.) 2380. Thanniomyces hippotrichioides. Ehrh. " Horsehair Thamnomyces." Branched, thread shaped; perithecia scattered, papil- late ; sporidia ovate, tmequal, dark brown. — Berk. Outl.p. 385. FcJd. exs. no. 2268. Eng. Fix. p. 284. Ehr. Hor. Phy.p. 82. Sphceria hippotrichioides, Mag. Zool. ^ Bot. no. 94. Sow. t. 200. Hypox. loculiferwn^ Bull. 1. 195,/. 1. Uhizomorpha. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 237. On old sacks, matting, &c. The perithecia are either sessile or shortly pedicellate, clothed with a close indistinct tomentum, varying in shape from globose to ovate, with a dis- tinct, very obtuse, papillseform ostiolum. (Fig. 377.) Gen. 342. Fig. 378. USTULINA, Tul. Stroma expanded, pulverulent, becoming indurated and carbonized ; perithecia immersed; sporidia uni- seriate, lanceolate, curved, simple, dark coloured. — Tul. Carp. \\.p. 23. {Fig. 378.) 2381. Ustulina vulgaris. Tul. *' Common Ustulina." Effused, thick, undulato-rugose, when young cinereous or whitish pulverulent, at length rigid ; peri- thecia ovate, with a short neck ; SPH^EIACEI. 793 sporidia dark brown, usually somewhat curred. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 23, t. iii, /. 1-6. Hypoxylon iistulatum, Bull. t. 487,/. 1. Berk. Outl. t. 24, f. 3. FcTcl. exs. no. 1063. Sph. maxima, Bolt. ?. 181. Sow.t.Z^^. Tode.f.12^. Sj^h.deusta. Fr.S.M.ilp.o4:D. Hojfm. t. i, f. 2. Eng. Fl. v. p. 240. Nees. f. 316. Fries, exs. no. 261. Moiig.exs.no.276. Mich. t. 54,/. 1. Grev. t. 324,/. 2. Cwrr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^ 46,/ 57. On rotten trunks. Common. [United States.] At first fleshy and pulverulent, at length naked, very brittle, 2-3 in. broad. Sporidia (•0012--0016 in.) •03--04 m.m. {Fig. 378.) Gen. 343. HYPOXYLON, Fr. Convex or plane ; stroma corky or brittle ; peritbecia immersed ; sporidia ovate, or lanceolate, curved, unsymmetrical, simple, dark-coloured. — Fr. S. V. S. p. 383. Tul. Carp. ii.;9.30. (Fig. 379.) 2382. Hypoxylon luteum. I'r. " Yellow Hypoxylon." Orbicular, cup-sbaped, black ; Fig. 379. disc marginate, rugose ; stroma pulverulent, yellow ; peritbecia in many rows, emergent ; spori- dia minute, elliptical, brown, generally nucleate. — Sjdi. lutea, A. ^ S. t. 1,/ 1. Fr. S.M. i\.p. 347. Berk. Ann. N.H.no. 170. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^.46,/. 56. On elder. Clifton, Notts. Sporidia (•0002-'0003in.) •005--007 m.m. 2383. Hypoxylon succenturiatum. Fr. " Tode's Hypoxylon." Oblongo-pulvinate, immarginate, even, black, greyisb-brown witbin ; peritbecia ovate, scattered, irregularly emergent ; asci linear ; sporidia brown, uniseriate, oblong, obtuse. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 830. Sph. succenturiata. Tode,f. 109. Fr. S.M. ii. i).347. On oak. Sept. Weybridge. Sporidia COOOS-'OOOG in.) •0125--015 m.m. long. 2l 5 794 SPH^RIACEl. 2384. Hypoxylon concentricum. Grev. " Concentric Hy poxy Ion." Large, sub-globose, brownish, at length black, concen- tricallv zoned within ; perithecia oblong, immersed in the periphery ; sporidia dark brown, elliptical, or irregular, some- times with a large nucleus. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 31, t. xiii./. 11-16. Grev. t. 324, f.i. Berk. Oatl.p.3S(). Curr. Linn. Titans, xxy. t. 45,/. 32. Sph. concentrica, Fr. S.M.u.p. 331. Bolt. 1. 180. Fries. exs.no. 141. Fng. Fl. v. p. 236. Nees.f. 308. Ehr. Hor. Bev. t. 18,/. 8. Fl.DaJi.20S6,f.2. SchcFff.L32d. Tode. 1. 17, f.lbO. S.fraxinea, Sow. 1. 160. On old ash trees. Common. [United States.] Oft^n 2-3 in. broad, easily known by its zoned stroma. Sporidia ("0005 in.) "0125 m.m. 2385. Hypoxylon coccineum. BuU. '* Reddish Hypoxylon." CoNi Di A , — Gregarious, fasciculate , somewhat branched, umber, branches straight, sub-tomentose, — Isaria umhrina, Per's. Syn.p. 689. Eng. FI. Y. p. 236. Lycoperdon acariforme, Sow.t.l46. In- stitale acariforme, Fr. S.M. \\\. p. 210. Bav. exs. V. no. 82. An- thinajlavo-virens, Fr. S.M. iii. p. 284. AscoPHORE. — Globose, yermillion-brown, bright black within ; perithecia ovate ; ostiola at length prominent ; sporidia dark opaqnebrown, elliptical or arcuate. — Bull. p. 174, t. 495,/. 2. Tul. Corp. ii. p. 34, f. iv./. 1-6. Berk. Outl. p. 386. Grev. t. 136. Fckl. exs. no. 1056. S. fragiformis, Fr. S.3J. ii. p. 332. Pers. Syn.t.lJ.1-2. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 236. Ann. Bot.t.2,f.6. Nees.f. 309. ScJwi. 31. H. t. i.f. 20. Fries, exs. no. 41. Moug. exs. no. 273. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxv. t. 45,/. 30. S. radians, Tode,f. 101. Lye. variolosum, Sow. t. 271. On beech, &c. Common. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] Generally round, and about the size of a pea, but when growing on the trunk of % tree sometimes of considerable size and thickness, from many individuals becoming conflupnt ; at first pale pruinose, then bright rust- colourtd, bordering on vermillion, gradually becoming tuberculated, when old of a ferruginous black.- M.J.B. Sporidia (-0006 in.) '015 m.m. {Fig. 379 ) 2386. Hypoxylon multiforme. Fr. " Variable Hypoxylon." Irregular, at first rugose, rusty -brown, at length naked, black, cinereous-black within ; perithecia sub-globose, at length prom- inent, papillate; sporidia rich yellowish -brown, elliptical, fre- quently slightly curved. — Fr. S. V.S.p, 384. FcJd. exs. no. 1052. SPH^RIACEI. 795 Grev. 1. 114. Berk. Outl.p, 386, t. 24,/. 4. H, granulosum, Bull. t. 487. f. 2. Sph. granulosa, Sow. t. 355. Pers. Ann. Bot. t. 2, f. 1. Sph. multiformis, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 334. Fr. Obs. i. ^ If. 2, 3. iJetZw. 0^*5. t. 8,/. A. Pgr5. /c. /??c^. t 3, /: 1-3. ^/i^. Fl. v. y;. 237. C'irr. Linn. Titans, xxv. ^. 45,/. 28. On birch. Common. [United States.] Notbincf can be more different than the spon^-looking rubiginous young plant, and the same when mature. Besides this change it often assumes many forms, sometimes elliptic, or strongly raised and crestiform, and, on the other hand sometimes quite flat and depressed. In the latter the peri- thecia are frequently less prominent and smaller; in every case it is firmly attached to the wood, and in branches covered with the bark erumpent. — M.J.B. Sporidia (•0004 in.) "Ol m.m. 2387. Hypoxylon marginatum. Berti. " Margined Hypoxylon." Hemispherical confluent, at length black, of the same colour within, each ostiolum seated in a little margined disc ; sporidia elliptical or sub-reniform, pale clear brown, sometimes with one or two nuclei. — Berk. Outl. p. 387. Sph. marginata, Schwein. Jonrn. Ac.t.2,f.^. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 595. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxvi. ^. 46, /. 60. On decaying wood. Chatsworth. [United States.] The sporidia are sometimes separated by a globose cell like the connecting cells in Anahaina. Sporidia (-0002 in.) "005 m.m. 2388. Hypoxylon cohaerens. Fr. " Confluent Hypoxylon." Confluent, convexo-plane, at first even, dirty-brown, then blackish, black within; perithecia at length rather prominent, papillate ; sporidia rather dark brown, irregularly elliptical, fre- quently rather curved, often nucleate. — Berk. Outl.p. 387. Fckl. exs. no. 1053. Sjjh.cohcerenSjFr. S.M.ii.p. 333. Nees.f. 310,^. Fries, exs. no. 45. Sckm. exs. no. 126. Eng. Fl. v. p. 237. Jloug. exs. no. 764. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/ 41. On dead branches. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] Sporidia (•0003--0004 in.) -OOJo-'Ol m.m. 2389. Hypoxylon axgillaceum. Fr. " Clay-coloured Hypoxylon." Subglobose, clay-coloured, brown-black within ; perithecia slightly prominent, papillate ; sporidia opacjue, black-brown, irregularly elliptical, sometimes nucleate. — Berk. Outl. p. 387. 790 SPHiERIACEI. Sph. arf/ilJacca, Fr. S.1\T. \\.p. 333. Fr. Ohs. t. 2,/. 5. Carr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/. 35. On dead ash branches. 2390. Hypoxylon fuscum. Fr. " Brown Ilypoxylon." Convex, pnlvinate, jHirplc-brown, or brown, at length naked, black, black-brown within ; pcrithccia globose, ostiola umbili- cate ; sporidia elliptical, or almond shaped, pale brown, then very dark and opaque. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 384. Tul. Carp. \\.p. 39, t. 4,f.7-'[\. FcJcl. exs. 710. lOoA. Berk. Outl. p. 3S7. Sph. fusca^ Fr. S.M. ii. p. 332. Encj. Fl. v. p. 237. Dill. Muse. t. 18,/. 7. Wejg. t. 3,/. 2. Iledw. Ohs. t. 6. Todef. 100. Pers. Ann. t. 2,/ 3. Nees. f. 310. Fries, exs. no. 42. Moug. exs. no. 178. Schn. exs. no. 51. Tloffm. V.C. t. 5, f. 1. S. tuberculosa, Sow. t. 373, f. 9. Bolt. t. 123,/ 1. Willd. Berl. 7, / 21. Bull. t. 468,/. 3. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/ 38. On hawthorn, hazel, &c. Common. [United States.] At first clothed with a rusty or purple brown meal, gradually increasing in thickness, at length naked, black, and pierced like a sieve. Sporidia (•0005 in.) -0125 m.m. 2391. Hypoxylon xubiginosum. Fr. " Eust-coloured Hypoxylon." Broadly effused, thin, pulverulent, bright rust-coloured ; peri- thecia rather prominent; sporidia dark brown, elliptical, slightly irregular, with one or more nuclei. — Fr. S.V.S.p. ^%4:. Fckl. exs. no. 1051. Berh. Outl. p. 387. Sph. ruhiginosum, Fr. S.M.ii. /). 340. Fries, exs. no. 14:2. Eng. Fl.'y.]^. 23d. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. t. 45,/ 43. On decorticated trunks.- [Mid. Carolina.] Foi-ming longitudinally effused spots, 2-4 in. long, at first pulverulent and dirty yellow, when full grown densely covered with rust- coloured powder, at length naked and black ; perithecia small, umbilicate at the apex, almost free. Sometimes the perithecia are solitary, larger, distant and papillary; margin ha.YXQX\..— Fries. Sporidia (-0004 in.) "01 m.m. 2392. Hypoxylon atropurpuireum. Fr. " Purple-black Hy[)Oxylon." Effused, thin, flattened, purplish-black ; perithecia connate, rather prominent ; apex plane, papillate ; sporidia dark brown, irregularly elliptical, with one or two nuclei. — S. atropurpurea^ Fr. S.M. ii. p. 340. Fries, exs. no. 75. Eng. Fl. v. p. 239. Curr, Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/ 44. SPH^EIACEI. 797 On rotten vrood. Appin. Sometimes the perithecia are scattered, or arranged in lines. Sporidia (•0004--0005 in.) •01--0125 m.m. 2393. Hypoxylon serpens. Fr. '• Creeping Hypoxylon." Effused, thin, flattened, black ; perithecia snbglobose, rather prominent, papillate ; sporidia dark brown, irregularly elliptical. Fr. S. V.Sp.p. 384. Sph. serpens, Fr. S.M.ii. p'^oU. Eng. Fl. y. /). 239. Xees.f. 317,318. Fries, exs. no. 4:6. Mich. t. 55, /. 1. Hoffm. V.C. t. 3,/. 1. FI. Dan. t. 2037./. 1. Sph. Crustacea, Sow. t. ^12, f. 11, t. S7S,f. 10. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. -IG, /. 48. Sph. conjluens, FcTcl. exs. no. 960. On dead wood. [United States.] At first clothed with thin, cinereous, mealy down, at length naked, 2-3 in or more long. Sporidia ( 0004-"0005 in.) "Ol-'OISS m.m. 2394. Hypoxylon uduxn. Fr. " Emergent Hypoxylon," Spermogonia. — Perithecia minute ; spermatea cylindrical, ob- tuse, somewhat curved, hyaline. AscoPHORE. — Short, determinate, emergent, black ; perithe- cia sub-ovate ; ostiola obtuse, unecjual ; sporidia almond-shaped, or oblong-elliptic, olive-green, then dark, clear, transparent brown.— i^r. .S'. VS.}-). 384. Sj)h. ncla, Fr. S.M. n.p. 358. Pers. Syn. t. i.f. 11-13. Fries, exs. no. 324. F?}g. FI. v. p. 243. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. /. 46, /. 61, 62. Hypoxylon semi-inunersum, Fckl. exs. no. 2\11 . On rotten branches. [Mid. Carolina.] Sub-elliptic, parallel, 2-3 lines long, always furnished w4th a circumscrib- ing black line. Very much resembling small scattered specimens of i/". str- pens. Sporidia (•0006-*001 in.) '01o-'025 m.m. Gen. 344. NUMMULARIA, Tul. Stroma discoid. Perithecia im- mersed, in separate cells. Spo- ridia ovate or ovato-globose, straight, simple, dark-coloured, excluded in tendrils. — Tul. Carp. u.p.4.2. (Fig.dSO.) Fig. 380. 798 SPH^RIACEI. 2395. Nuxnxnularia Bulliardi. Nummularia." Tul, " BulUard'a Determinate, quite plane, continuous, externally and inter- nally black ; peritbecia immersed, ovate ostiola globose, sliglitly prominent ; sporidia round, or elliptical, brown then black. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 42, t. v.f. 11-19. Hijpoxylon nummularium, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 46,/. 59. FcM. exs. no. 1062. Bull. t. 468,/. 4. Berk. Outl.p. 386. Sph. nummularia^ Fr. S.M. ii.p. 348. Eng. Fl.Y.p.24.0. S. macula, Tode. f. 106. S. diffusa, Sow. ^. 373. Schm. M.H. i. i./. 16. Moug. exs. no. 374. On wood and bark. [United States.] Hard, orbicular, elliptic or longitudinally effused from the confluence of one or more indi\T.duals, \-2 in. broal, 1 line thick, separable from the matrix, even, very slii^htly papillated under a lens j ostiola distant ; peri- thecia laree, immersed.— i^^rie.?. (Fi^. 380.) Sporidia (•0004--0006 in.) •01--015 m.m. Gen 345. ^''li*'"' It? EUTYPA, Tul. Stroma fused with the matrix. Peritbecia immersed, sometimes in the matrix, papillate ; para- physes few ; sporidia clustered, linear and curved, or ovate and straight, simple, pale (sometimes dark coloured). — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 52. (Fig. 381.) Fig. 381. * Sporidia hyaline. 2396. Eutypa Achaxii. Tul. " Acharius' Eutypa." Scattered ; peritbecia immersed, globose ; ostiola proceeding from a black spot, minute, convex, slightly prominent, at length umbilicate ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, slightly curved. — Tul. Carp. ii. 79. 53. i. l,fig. 8-20. Sp}h(Eria eutypa, Fr. S.M.'n. p.4c7S. Fries, exs. no. 15,348. Eng. Fl.Y.p.'iQl . Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 58,/. 73. Berk. exs. no. 178. >S'. decomponenSj Sow.- t. 217. Eutypa maura, FcTcl. exs. no. 1050. On dead branches. Common. Very much resembling Eutypa lata. Sporidia C0302--0003 in.) 'OOS-'OOZS m.m. {Fig. 381.) SPH^RIACEl. 799 2397. Eutypa lata. TuL " Broad Eutypa." Broadly effused, emergent, unequal ; perithecia close sunk in the wood, covered with a thin black stroma ; ostiola slightly prominent, conical ; sporidia crowded, yellowish in a mass, al- most colourless when single, curved obtuse at the ends. — Tal. Carp. ii. p. 56. Fchl. exs. no. 1046. Diatn/pe lata, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 4:7, f. 110. S. lata, Fr. S.M.ii. p. 369. Fries exs. no. 112, 3Ioug.exs.no. 668. Eng. Fl.Y.p.'2i6. Hopn. V.C.i.t. 4,/. 3. On wood, dry branches, &c. Common. [United States.] Generally effused for some inches, but sometimes interrupted ; staining the wood on which it grows dull black j rough with the slightly prominent shining ostiola. — M.J.B. Sporidia (•0002--0004 in.) -OOo-'Ol m.m. ^398. Eutypa flavo-virens. Tid. '* Yellow-green Eutypa." Unequal, rugose, black within, pulverulent, yellow-green ; perithecia globose ; ostiola rather prominent, punctiform ; sporidia crowded, yellowish, curved — TuL Carp. ii. p. bl., t. 7, f. 1-7. Fckl. exs. no. 1049. Diatrype flavo-virens, Fr. S.V.S. p. 385. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 46,/. 65. Rahh. exs. no. 48. S. flavo-virens. Fr. S.M.n.p. ?>bl . Moug.exs. ?io. 376. Fries, exs. no. 222. Hofm. V.C. i. t. 2,f. 4. Grev. t. 320. Eng. Fl. v. p. 240. S. multiceps. Sow. t. 394./. 8. FcJcl. exs. no. 1825. var.Q, On dead branches or naked wood. Variable, but easily distinguished by the colour of the stroma. Sporidia (•0003 in.) -0075 m.m. 2399. Eutypa spinosa. Tul. " Spiny Eutypa." Very widely effused, emergent, jet black ; perithecia at length connate ; ostiola spinous, thick, four-sided, sulcate ; sporidia al- most colourless, curved, rounded or acute. — Tul. Carp. iip. 59. Fchl. exs. no. lOoO. Sphceria spinosa, Pers. Syn. t. 2, / 9-12. 3Ioug. exs. no. 376. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 368. Eng, Fl. Y.p. 244. Fries, exs. no. 11. Fl. Dan. t. 2038,/. 2. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47, /. 108. On hard wood. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] Spreading over the wood for a great space, and staining it black; when young immersed, scabrous, villous, rugose j perithecia almost free, covered with a thin crust ; when old sub-emergent, remarkable for its large prom- inent, pyramidal, or irregular, always rugged cstiola. Perithecia ovato- globose, rathpr large, joined by a thin crust.— ^n'es. Sporidia ('OOOS in.) 'OOZo m.m. 800 SPH^EIACEI. 2400. Eutypa leioplaca. Fr. " Interrupted Eutypa." Emergent, interrupted, even, black, of the same colour within ; perithecia close ; ostiola very small, at length umbilicate ; sporidia biseriate, curved, of a pale yellowish tinge. — {Not Fckl, exs. no. 1047.) Diatnjpe leioplaca, Fr. S.V.S. p. S8d. Cujt Linn. Trans. xxii. t. 4:7, f. 101. S. leioplaca, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 370. Fries exs. no. 112. B. Eng. Fl. \.p. 245. *S'. immersa, Sow. t. 374,/. 1. On wood and dry branches. [Low. Carolina.] Distinguishable by its interrupted mode of growth more even surface, and far more minute ostiola, from E. lata,. Sporidia ('0004 in.) '01 m.m. 2401. Eutypa scabrosa. Fckl. " Piough Eutypa." CoNiDiA. — Apical on brownish threads of the hyphasma, ovate, brown. — FcJd. exs. no. 1045. AscoPHORE. — Emergent or superficial, blackish ; tubercles sub- rotund, stipate, confluent in a broad crust ; ostiola conical, rough ; asci stipitate ; sporidia cylindrical curved, simple, pale brownish. — Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 215. Diatrype scabrosa, Fr. S. V.S.p. 385. Sph. scabrosa, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 360. Berk. Ann. N.H.no. 171. Fckl. exs. no. 1039. Hypoxylon scabrosum, Bull, t. 468, /, 5. Valsa scabrosa, Nke. Pyr. Germ. p. 138. On maple. Seated on a broadly effused crust, at first subcontinuoua, soon cracked and tuberculosa ; tubercles subrotund, irregular, rather prominent. 2402. Eutypa xhodi. Fckl. " Rose Eutypa." Stroma effused, macul^eform, determinate, circumscribed by a black line; perithecia small, globose or depressed; ostiola, minute, punctiform, slightly prominent, pierced ; asci narrowly clavate, stipitate ; sporidia cylindrical curved, simple, nearly colourless, with a brownish tinge. — Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 213. Valsa rhodi, Nke. Pyr. Germ. i.p. 148. On Piosa canina. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) Apparently quite distinct from its near allies. J Sporidia coloured. 2403. Eutypa decipiens. Tnl. " Deceptive Eutypa." Effused, perithecia ovate-oblong, immersed, covered with grey-black bark ; oRtiola hemispherical, rugose, hollowed out ; sporidia elliptical, variable, sometimes slightly curved, rather SPH^RIACEI. 801 dark brown. — Tul Carp.\\. p. 60, t. 8,f. 1-9. Diati^ype decipiens, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49, /. 196. S. decipiens^ D.C. Fl. Fr. ii. p. 285. Eng. Fl. v. p. 246. Rahh. F.E. no. 144. S.floriformis, Sow.t.2d7. On hornbeam. Perithecia ovate -oblong', with a rather long neck, surmounted by the beautifully radiato-rugose, more or less deeply umbilicate ostiola.— J/. /. B. Sporidia ('OUOS in.) -0075 m.m. 2404. Eutypa elevata. B. " Many spored Eutypa." Elongated, emergent, somewhat cracked ; perithecia scattered, globose, middle-sized, with a conical neck, immersed in the wood ; ostiola punctiform ; asci clavate ; sporidia nnmerous, opaqne, sausage-shaped. — Diatrype elevata, B. ^- Br. Ann. X.H. no. 844. Sphceria elevata, Berk. Hook. Jour. (1845),^. 298. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47,/. 109. On dead twigs of Euonymus. Jan. Batheaston. Sporidia (-OOOS.-OOOSS in.) 'OOro-'OOSo m.m. long (B. & Br.), (•0006.-0007 in.) -OlS.-OlZm.m. (F.C.) Forming elongated, raised, irregular, black, or greyish spots, ^ line thick, ■^-1 line long. Perithecia globose, middle-sized, with a conical neck, im- mersed in the wood, scattered, covered with a thin black stroma ; ostiola punctiform, not very visible externally ; asci clavate, containing an indefinite number of curved opaque sporidia, which are far larger than in the neigh- bouring species, resembling Ev.fjjpa lata, but distinguished by the much larger opaque sporidia which are contained in clavate asci. — M.J. B. Gen. 346. MELOGRAMMA, Tul. Stroma subglobose, depressed, cellu- lar ; perithecia immersed, adnate ; spo- ridia linear, lanceolate, or ovate, pluri- locular or simple. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 81. Fr. S. V.S.p. 386. {Fig. 382.) 2405. Melogxaxnma Bulliardi. T%d. " Bulliard's Melogramma.' Subrotund, obconical, dingy, blackish ; perithecia confluent, rather jDrominent ; sporidia biseriate, linear-lanceolate or fusiform, straight or slightly arcuate, at length quadrilocular, ultimate cells at either end hyaline. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 81, U xi./. 1-9. Melo- gramma fusisporiurn, Fr.S.V.S.p.2>i^Q. Berk. Outl.p. 391. Sph. Fig. 382. 802 SPH^RIACEI. fusispora,Duh?/. Klotsch.exs. 1832. Bot. Zeit. (1854) j?. 204. Sph. melo/jramma, F)\ S.M.ii.j^. 420. Desm. exs. no. 971. Fckl. exs. no. 1033. Curv. Linn. Trans, xxii t. 49, /. 194. Mong. exs. no. 274, Melogvamma vagans, De Not, Mic?\ It.ix. t. 16. Variolaria melogramma^ Ball. t. 492,/. 1. On hornbeam bark. Sporidia ■04.-05 m.m. long, •004--0a6 m.m. broad. (•0014--002 in. long.— Cxm-e^j.) {Fig.2>m.) 240S. Melogramxna homaleum. Fr. We know of no published description of this species. The habit is very much like a Cucurhitaria. Asci cylindrical ; spo- ridia uniseriate, trisejDtate, with an occasional transverse septum, constricted, brown. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 386. Fr. exs. no. 382. Bei^k. Outl.p. 391. On dead bark. The above description of the fruit is from a fragment of Fries, exs. no. 382, kindly furnished by the Rev. M. J. Berkeley. Sporidia (-00037 X "00012 in.) -008 X -003 m.m. Melogramma oligosporum, B. & Br. see Cucurhitaria macro- spora. Tul. 2407. Syielogxaxnma xubxo-notatum. B.(^Br. "Brick red Melogramma." Pycnidia. — Perithecia rather crowded ; stylospores small, elliptical, hyaline. — Phoma nlmicola, Berk. Hook. Journ. v. (1853) t. 3, f.n. Ann. N.H. xiii. (1854), no. 737. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia confluent ; ostiola papill£eform, brick- red ; asci linear ; sporidia oblong, triseptate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 894. Massaria lateritia, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 243. On elm bark. Dec. King's Cliffe. At first bursting through the cuticle and forming distinct round patches, which, however, at length run together into a nearly uniform mass ; peri- thecia confluent; ostiolum papillseform, perforated, the perforation surrounded with brick-red meal ; asci linear ; sporidia uniseriate, oblong ("0006 in.) "015 m.m. long, triseptate. When the red meal is rubbed oflfit looks as if it be- longed to the tribe Concrescentes. ~ B. 4' Br. 2408. IVIelogranixna gyxosuxn'. Tul. " Orange Melogramma." Spermogonia. — Spermatia very minute, ovate cylindrical, simple. AscopHORE. — Subrotund, confluent, orange-vermillion ; stroma yellowish ; perithecia gyrose, pulverulent, at length slightly pro- SPH^RIACEI. 803 minent ; sporidia linear-lanceolate. — Tid. Carp. \\.p. 87. Endo- thiagyrosa^ Fr. S. V.S.p. 385. Bei^k. Outl. p. 'dd>\. SpJuvriagyrosa, Schwei'i. Syn. Car. Eng. Fl. v. p. 254. Sphceria JluenSy Sow. t. 438. Sphceria radicalis, Eabh. exs. no. 254. On bark. New Forest. [United States.] Sporidia '0065 m.m. long, "002 m.ra. broad. — Tul. 2409. Melogranxma gastrinum. Tul. *' Swollen Melo- gramma." Yentricose, erumpent ; stroma pallid ; peritliecia scattered irregularly ; necks included ; disc nearly plane, black ; sporidia oblong or elliptical, at first pale-green, then dark-brown, with 1-3 nuclei. — Tid. Carp. ii. p. 89. Hypoxylon gastrinum, Berk. Outl. p. 386. Sph. gastritia, Fr. S.2I. ii. p. 379. S. irregularis, Soiv. t. 374:,/. 9. Curr. Li?in. Trans, xxii. t. 47,/. 96. On elm. Autumn — Spring. [Up. Carolina.] Sporidia (-0004 in.) '01 m.m. Gen. 347. POLYSTIGMA, Pers. Epiphyllous. Perithecia globose, immersed in a fleshy stroma ; spo- ridia ovate, simple. — Tvl. Carp. iii. p. 7b. Bon. Haudb. p. 55. (Fig. 383.) 2410. Polystigma rubium. Pers, '' Red Polystigma.'' Hypophyllous, orbicular, bright- red, at length red-brown ; cells im- mersed, red ; ostiola sub immersed ; spermatia linear, curved at the tips ; ^^ asci obovate-clavate ; sporidia ellip- tical, obtuse, straight, simple. — D. Cand. Mem. Mus. t. 6, /. 7. Tul. Carp.\l p. 76, ^ viii./. 10-20. FcJd. Sym. Myc.p. 2'2'2. Cooke exs. no. 182. Dothidea rubra, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 553. Fries exs no. 191. Eng. Fl.y.p.2S(). Xylomarubrum, Fers. Syn. p. 103. Furt. t.33. Moug.exs. no. 270. Grev. t. 120. Baxt. exs.no. 32. Fckl. exs. no. 1003. On living sloe leaves. Summer and Autumn. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Spermatia -03 m.m. Sporidia '01 by "006 m.m.— Tu^. (Fi^. SSS). 804 SPH^RIACEI. 2411. Poly stigma fulvum. B.C. " Tawny Polystigma." Hypophyllous, somewhat angular, tawny ; cells immersed, of the same colour ; ostiola immersed ; spermatia and sporidia ? — DeCand. Mem. Mus.t. 6,/. 8. Tul. Carp.ii.p. 79. Fckl. Sym. Mijc.p. 222. Dothidea fulva, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 554. Fries exs.no. 241. Eng. Fl. v.p.286. 3Ioug.exs.no. 271. Fckl. exs. no. 1S26. On living leaves of Prunus padus. Scotland. Gen. 348. OMR Fig. 384. DOTHIDEA, Fr. Perithecia none. Nucleus con- tained in globose cavities immersed in the stroma, with a decided neck, and papill^form ostiolum. Sporidia simple or septate. — F7\ S.M. ii.p, 548. Tul. Carp.u. p.66. (Fig. 384.) Section 1. Foliicolse. Section 2. Caulicolse. Section 3. Lichenicolee. Sect. 1. FoliicolcB. 2412. Dothidea ulmi. Fr. " Elm-leaf Dothidea." Spermogonia. — According to some 2ivMhors=Septoria Ulmi, Fr. (See no. 1297, ante.) Pycnidia. — Forming small, irregularly, stellate, aggregate tubercles ; stylospores broadly ovate, on short sporophores, tomi- parous. — Piggotia astroidea, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 503. (See no. 1296, ante.) AscoPHORE. — Epiphyllous, roundish, confluent, convex, grey- ish-black, black within ; cells white ; ostiola granulseform ; asci cylindrical, stipitate ; sporidia simple, ovate-oblong, hyaline. — Fr.S.M.n.p. 555. Eng.Fl.Y.p. 286. Grev.t. 200,/ 1. FckL exs.no. 1013. Cooke exs. no. 184. Berk. exs. no. 192. Soiv. t. 374,/. 3. Phjllachora ulmi^ Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 218. On elm leaves. Common. The asci are not matured until spring, after the leaves have laid upon the ground through the winter. SPH^EIACEl. 805 2413. Dothidea betulina. Fr. " Birch-leaf Dothidea." Epiphyllous, angular, but irregular, tuberculated, shining black, black within ; cells white ; sporidia oblong ovate, obtuse, straight, uuiseptate, very pale yellow. — Fr. S.2I. ii. p. 554. Fries exs. no. 144. Grev. t. 200, /. 2. Fchl. exs. no. 1015. Xyloma, D.C. Mem. Mus. t. 3, /. 1. Moug. exs. no. 370. Wahl. Fl. Lap. t. 30,/. 3. Phyllachora betulina, Fckl. Sym. Mi/c. p. 217, On Hying bircli leaves. 2414. Dothidea heraclei. Fr. " Hog-weed Dothidea." Spermogonia. — According to some authors=>S'^7?^c>r/a heraclei. Lib. exs. no. 51. Fcl'l. exs. no. 515. (See no. 1298, ante.) AscoPHORE. — Amphigenous, confluent, angular, rugoso-tuber- culate, opaque, black, within blackish ; cells white ; sporidia ? — Fr. S.M.ii.p.6D6. Fng. Fl.y.p. 287. Fckl.exs.no. 722. Phyl- lachora heraclei, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 219. On living leaves of Heracleum s])ondylium. 2415. Dothidea podagzarise. Fr. " Gout- weed Dothidea." Spermogonia. — According to some authors=>S'6/>^ona p)oda- grarice, Lasch. Fckl. exs. no. 514. Sept. cegopodii, Desm. exs. no. 616. Cooke exs. no. 146. (See no. 1302 ante.) AscoPHORE. — Hypophyllous, simple, or connate, irregular, rather shining, black, papillate, seated on an indeterminate black crust ; sporidia? — Fr. S.M. ii. p)- ^^^- Fries exs. no. 192. Fckl. exs. no. 1024. Phyllachora uEgopodii, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 218. On living leaves of ^gopodium podagraria. 2416. Dothidea trifolii. Fr. " Clover Dothidea." CoNiDiA. — According to some auihois=Polythrincium Trifolii. Kze. (See no. 1743.) Spermogonia. — Spemiatia very minute, cylindrical, curved. — Fckl. Sym. Myc. 218. Fckl. exs. no. 1022. AscoPHORE. — Covered, subrotund, rather prominent, tuber- culose, rugulose, black ; cells immersed in a pulverulent stroma; sporidia? — i^r. A^.il/.ii.^.435. Eng. Fl. v./>. 257. Baxt.exs. no. 84. Phyllachora trifolii, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 218. On living clover leaves. Common. 806 SPH^RIACEI. 2417. Dothidea junci. Fr. " Rush Dothidea.". Spermogonia. — Oblong, irregular, flat, shilling ; disc tawny ; spermatia ? — Leptostroma juncinam^ Fr. exs. no. 330. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 108. Berk. exs. no. 197. AscoPHORE. — Covered, at length bursting by longitudinal chinks between the fibres, tuberculated ; cells in rows, black within, at first immersed in a black stroma; sporidia biseriate, yellowish-brown, linear-acuminate, triseptate. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 387. Fckl. exs. no. 1020. Berk. exs. no. 35. Phyllacliora junci, Fckl. Sym Myc.p. 216. Sphceria junci, Fr. S.M. li.p. 428. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 256. Fries exs. net). Moug.exs. no. 964. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49, /. 1 99. Cooke exs. no. 243. On stems of rushes. Common. Sporidia ('0012) "03 m.m. long. According to Fuckel the sporidia are simple, uniseriate, and ovate. 2418. Dothidea graminis. Fr. '• Grass Dothidea." Covered, unequal, rugulose, rather prominent, black ; cells disposed indistinctly in rows, latent, as well as the ostiola; spo- idia colourless, broadly elliptical, frequently with a large globose nucleus. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 387. Pliyllachora graminis. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 216. Sph. graminis, Pers. Syn.p. 30. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 434. Eng. Fl.Y.p). 257. Nees. f. 314. Fries, exs. no. 282. 31oug. exs. no. 876. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49,/. 211. Fckl. exs. no. 1018. Cooke exs. no. 185. On half dead leaves of grass. Common. 2419. Dothidea cazicis. Fr. " Sedge Dothidea." Covered, unequal, confluent, black, tuberculose from the pro- minent cells; sporidia? — Fr. S.V.S. p. S87. Sph. caricis, Fr. S.3I. ii._p.435. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 604. On leaves of Carices. Forfarshire. 2420. Dothidea Johnstoni. B. ^^ Br. " Johnston's Dothidea," Spots minute, orbicular ; cells concentric, half-free ; asci short; sporidia obovate-oblong,uniseptate. — B. ^Br. Ann. N.H. no. 661. On leaves of Epilobium. Berwick. Forming little black spots about a line broad, studded with concentric half-free cells, with a little round aperture ; there are sometimes a few scat- tered short stitFbrown hairs on the surface, occasionally converging over tie orifice. Asci short, subcylindrical, generall}' rather thicker below ; sporidia biseriate, obovato- oblong, at length pale-brown^ uniseptate. Habit almost that of Sphceria rumicis. - B.tSc Br. SPH^EIACEl. 807 2421. Dothidea pteridis. Fr. " Bracken frond Dothidea." Hypophylloiis, following the veins, elongated, cinereous-black, opaque, internally black ; ostiola minute, slightly prominent ; asci clavate ; sporidia elongated, triseptate, hyaline. — Fr. SJI. ii.p. 555. Beb. 1. 1,/. 3. Fries exs. no. 67. Schm. exs. no. 2. CooJce, Fern Book p. 20, Jig. 7-9. Fclcl. exs. no. 1016. Phyllacliora pteri- dis, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 218. On fronds of Pteris aquilina. Fuekel states that the spermogonia of this species will be found in Fusi- dium pteridis, Rabh. F.E. no. 389. Sect. 2. Caulicolce. 2422. Dothidea tetraspora. B. 4' Br. "Four-spored Dothidea." Stroma pulvinate ; cells immersed or subprominent ; asci cy- lindrical, tetrasporous ; sporidia uniseriate, uniseptate, obovate, constricted in the middle. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 899, ^.11, /.39. On dead twigs of Dapluie laureola and Ulex. Feb. Moss- burnford. Stroma pulvinate, black, either quite even or studded with the projecting cells ; asci cylindrical, containing four sporidia arranged in a single row ; sporidia (OOl-'OOlS in.) •025 -03 m.m. long, obovate, uniseptate, yellow- brown, the lower articulation generally shorter and narrower j very rarely there is a third septum.— B, ^' Br. 2423. Dothidea melanops. Tul. " Beech Dothidea." Microstylospores spermatia-like, narrowly cylindrical, straight ; macrostylospores oblong-lanceolate. AscopHORE. — Rounded, irregular, plane or depressed, black, very smooth, bursting through stellate fissures in the bark. Asci large, oblong-cylindrical, very obtuse ; sporidia subelliptic, a little constricted towards each end, pallid, granular or nucleate. —Tul. Carp. u.p. 73, t. 10. B. ^'. Br. Ann. N.H. (1866), no. 1179. On beech. Jedburgh. Sporidia (-0008 -001 in.) •025--035 m.m. long (•0004--00'5 in.), 'OIS-'OIG m.m. broad. 2424. Dothidea ribesia. Pers. " Currant Dothidea." Erumpent, subelliptic, depressed, black, of the same colour within ; cells very small, white, seated near the surface ; conidia 808 SPH^RIACEI. ovato-globose ; sporidia fusiform, straight, uneqiiallj two-celled. — Till. Carp. n.p. G7, t. ix. Berk. exs. no. 91. Fckl. exs. no. 1005. Fr. S.M. ii. /;. 550. Eng. FI. v. p. 285. Fries exs. no. 100. Fckl. Si/7n. Myc.p. 223. Sph. ribesia, Pers. Syn.p. 14. Moug. exs. no, 275. Nees.f. 312. Stromatosphccria ribesia^ Grev. Ft. Ed. p. 357. On dry branches of red currant and gooseberry. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia •016--022 m.m. long, -0065 m.m. broad.— r^^. (Fig. 384.; 2425. Dothidea rosae. Fr. " Eose Dothidea." Subrotund, erumpenti-innate ; stroma pale brown ; perithecia globose, somewhat immersed, stuffed with white jelly ; sporidia crowded, colourless, broadly almond-shaped. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 386. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 223. Berk. exs. no. 32. Fckl. exs.no. 1008. Cooke exs. no. 235. Sph. Dothidea, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 424. Eng. Ft. V. 255. Fries exs. no. 308. Moug. exs. no. 971. Curr. Linn. Trans. iixi\. t.4:9,f. 190. On living rose stems. Formirig irregular tubercles covered witb tbe epidermis, -vTlnch is cracked with irregular flexuous fissures. Sporidia ('OOUZ-'OOOQ in.) •017-"02 m.m. 2426. Dothidea striaefozmis. Fr. " Linear Dothidea." ^ Covered with the innate blackened epidermis, atlength bursting in the midst, lanceolate, short, acute ; perithecia in rows, mouth- less ; sporidia? — Fr. S. V.S.p. 386. Sph. striceformis, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 428. Fries, exs. 710. 195. Eng. Fl.Y.p.2hQ. On dead herbaceous stems. 2427. Dothidea filicina. Fr. ** Bracken Dothidea.'' Speemogonia. — Elongated, irregular, even, black, marked when perfect with an elevated longitudinal rib, at length sepa- rating entirely at the base ; spermatia ? — Leptostroma Jilicinum, Fr. Ohs.\.p.Vdl . Eng.Fl.\.p.2^1. Moug.exs.no. Al 6. Cooke exs. no. 334. Sphceria jiteridis, Sow. t. 394,/. 10. AscoPHORE. — Subinnate, parallel, confluent, shining, black, erumpent by parallel tissures ; stroma black ; cells connate, seri- ate ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia elliptical, constricted, uniseptate, hyaline. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 386. Cooke exs. no. 244. SphcBria filicina, Fr. S.M. ii.^. 427. Eng. FI.y. p. 255. Berk. exs. no. S3. Fries, exs. no. 48. Schm.exs. no. 202. Cooke Fern Book, p. 21,f. 8-10. Rhopographusfilicinus, Fckl, Sym. Myc.p. 219. SPH^RIACEl. 809 On stems of Pteris aquilina. Common. According to Fuckel {Syyn. Myc t. vi./. 31) the sporidia are triseptate, with a short hyaline appendage at either end. Sect. 3. Lichenicolce. 2428. Dothidea Piggotii. B. & Br. '* Lichen Dothidea." Orbicular, innate, surface papillate witli the tips of the cells ; asci short, clavate ; sporidia biseriate, obovate or cymbiforni tri- septate,— B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 660. Spkceria homostegia, Nyl. Flor. (1857),^. 688, Homostegiaadusta, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 224. Fckl. exs. no. 953. On Parmelia saxatilis. Aug. "Wales. Forming little patches about a line broad completely adnate with the thallus ; surface opaque, black, papillate with the protruding tips of the semi-immersed cells, whose walls are black, but separated from each other by pellucid vertical cells running down below into hyaline subhexagonal cells with thick walls, Asci short, broad, subclavate; sporidia brown, biseriate, obovate, cymbiform, slightly curved, triseptate, very rarely quadriseptate. — B. (t Br. Dr. Lauder Lindsay has found a Dothidea somewhat resembling this ex- ternally, but much smaller, on a Parmelia. The fruit was immature, the short asci being filled with granules. The patches were about one-third the size of those in D. Piggotii. * C. Valsei. Stroma determinate, verrucaeform. Perithecia im- mersed in stroma ...... Perithecia circinating, ending in a disc Perithecia circinating. Conidia in a black mass, often oozing out ....... Diatrypt. Valsa. MelancoTiis. Gen. 349. DIATRYPE, Fr. Fig. 3S5. Stroma determinate, verruc^eform ; perithecia immersed in the stroma ; sporidia hyaline, or coloured. — Fr. Berk. Outf.p. 387. (Fig. 385.) Section 1. Asci many- spored Diatrypella. Section 2. Asci eight- spored Diatrypegenuina. 2m 810 SPH^RIACEI. Sect. 1. Diatrypella — Asci many spored. 2429. Diatrype quercina. Tul. " Oak Diatr}T)e." Perithecia 8-15 in a group, black; ostiola ovate, quadrisul- cate ; asci linear-clavate ; sporidia numerous, yellowish in a mass, sausage-shaped, and colourless when free. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 98, t. xii./. 1-15 {not B. ^' Br. nor Currey). Rahh. exs. no. 319 and 63b. Diatryjiella quercina, Cooke exs. no. 24:2. Sferiacei Ital. p. 28. Sphceria cpiercina, Pers. Syn.p. 24, t. l,f. 7 h. Desm. exs. no. 1725. Stromatosphceria quercina, Grev. Fl. Ed. p. S68. Micros- toma enteroleucum, Fckl.exs.no. 1037. Diatrypella Rouselii, De Not. Sfer. Ital. t. 32. {Fig. 385.) On oak branches. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] 2430. Diatrype aspera. Fr. '* Rough Diatrj^pe." Orbicular or angular, convex, black ; perithecia attenuated into a slender neck, covered with a dirty-white stroma ; ostiola conico-cylindrical ; asci clavate ; sporidia numerous, curved, rounded at the ends, without nuclei. — Hofm. Icon. iii. 1. 18,/. 3. Fckl. exs.no. 2057. Fr. S. V.S.p. 385. S. aspera, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 354. Eng. Fl. v. p. 242. Diatrypella aspera, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 232. On branches of oak. Very rQuch resembling 7). verrv.ccpformis, but the stroma is dirty-wliite, the ostiola more prominent, and the neck, instead of being short, attenuated. 2431. Diatrype favacea. Fr. " Birch Diatrype." Irregular, black ; perithecia oblong-ovate, with a short neck covered with the thin dirty-white stroma ; ostiola rather promi- nent, convexo-subrotund ; asci clavate ; sporidia numerous, curved, rounded at the ends without nuclei. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 385. Fckl. exs. no. 1040. S. favacea, Fr. Ohs. ii. t. 8, /. 5. S.M. ii.p. 354. Eng.Fl. \.p. 242. Fries, exs. no. 306. Berk. Mag. Zool ^ Bot. no. 17. Diatrypella favacea, De Not. Schema, 28. On birch, yet covered with the bark. [Mid. Carolina.] Sometimes orbicular, sometimes irregular from several individuals being confluent, prominent, 2-4 lines or more broad, at first pale wood-colour. Peritljccia disposed indistinctly in two layers, their bases subconnate, apices distinct covered with a thin stroma, which in the old state is obliterated ; base circumscribed by a fine black line. — Fries. SPH^RIACEl. . 811 2432. Diatrype verrucaeformis. Fr. " Warty Diatrype." Angular, convex, rugose, black, nearly of tlie same colour within, circumscribed below ; jDcrithecia ovate, with a short neck; asci fusiform ; sporidia numerous, crowded, yellowish in the mass, curved, rounded at the ends, usually nucleate. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 386. Curr. Linn. J'ra/is. xxii. i. 46,/. 81. Sph. verruccEformis. Fr.S.M. ii. p. 355. Fries, exs. no. 74. Moug. exs. no. 867. Eng. Fl.Y. p. 24:2. Microstoma verrucceformis^ Fckl. exs. no. 1036. S. parallela, Sow. t. 394,/. 4. Microstoma vulgare, Rahh, exs. no. 253. Diatrypella verruccEformis^ FcJcl. Sym. Myc.p. 232. On branches of hazel, beech, &c. Common. [United States.] Bursting througli the bark by the lacinise of which it is surrounded, 1-1^ line broad, black, brownish within, the orifices of the perithecia more or less distinct. — M.J.B. Sporidia (•00U4 in.) "01 m.m. long. 2433. Diatrype angulata. Fr. " Angular Diatrype." Loosely circumscribed; stroma cortical; perithecia few, crowded in the centre ; disc plane, black; ostiola exceedingly small; asci narrowly clavate, sti2'jitate,polysporou8 ; sporidia, cylindrical, unicellular, curved, small, pale. — Valsa angulata, Fr. S.V.S. p. 411. B. 4' Br. Ann. K.H.no.d>4:8.'^ S. angulata, Fr. S.M.ii.p. 390. Fries, exs. no. 12. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 248. Diatrypella angulata. De Not. Schema, p. 28. Rabh. F.E. no. 1022. FcJd. exs. no. 2058. On branches of beech, laburnum, birch, and lime. In the early stage the stroma is white. Desmazieres finds in Fries, eis. no. 72, sausage-shaped sporidia. — B. Sf Br. Sect. 2. Diatrype genuina — octosporous. A. Sporidia sausage-shaped. 2434. Diatrype stigma. Fr. *' Effused Diatrype." Spermogonia. — Spermatia cylindrical, obtuse, slightly curved, oozing forth in reddish or orange tendrils. — Myxosporium croceum^ Link. Sp. PI. Nemaspora microspora. Desm. Ann. So. Nat.'^iK. (1830), p. 271. Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. v. ("1856/ p. 117. AscoPHORE. — Effused, often nearly surrounding the branch, flat, even, at length black ; ostiola nearly plane, sub-immersed; sporidia yellowish in the mass, almost colourless when single, slightly curved. — Sj^h. stigma, Hoffm. V.C. i.t. 2,/. 2. Moug. exs. 2m 2 812 SPH^RIACEI. 7)0. 372, 373. Fr. S.M. ii. j^. 350. Fries, exs. no. 46. Eng. Fl. v. p. 24:1. Ciirj\ Linn. Trans, xxii. ^. 40,/. 82. Stromatosj^hoeria stigma, Grev. t. 223,/. 2. S. decorticans, Sow. t. 137. Stictos2')ha;ria Ilnffmaiini, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 50, t. 6. Coo/je exs. no. 240. i^c^Z. fa-s. 1043. Futypa leioplaca, Fckl. exs. no. 1047. On sticks. Common. [United States.] Many inches long, tlirowing off tbo cuticle, varying with the ostiola, sunk in a little pit, and prominent. Ai first brownish, then black, generally cracked transversely. Sporidia ('0004 in.) "Ul m.m. 2435. Diatrype disciformis. Fr. " Discoid Diatrype." Orbicular, plane, eren, black, white within ; perithecia attenu- ated into a slender neck; ostiola punctiform ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, yellowish in amass, almost colourless when detached, slightly curved.— /'r. S.V.S.p. 385. Tul. Carp, il p. 102. S. disciformis, Hoffm. V.C. i. t. 4,/. 1. Movg. exs. no. 80. Fr. S.M. i\.p. 353. Cooke exs. no. 389. Friesexs.no. 71. Eng. Fl. y. p. 241. Curr.Linn. Trans, xxii. t.4G,f. 64. Stromatospliceria disci- formis, Grev. t. 314. Sph. depressa, Sow. ^.216. On dry branches of beech. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] About 2 lines broad, at first reddish, more constantly round than D. bullata, flat or depressed, sometimes waved, not at all convex. Perithecia more oblong. Ostiola prominent, or immersed. Sporidia (■0002-'0003 in.) '005- •0075 m.m. 2436. Diatrype bullata. Fr. " Bullate Diatrype." Erumpent, convexo-plane, oval, or reniform, black, white within, papillated with the ostiola ; sporidia crowded, cylindrical, obtuse, slightly curved. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 385. Tul. Carp. i\.p). 103. Rahh.exs.no. 47. Sph. bullata, Hoffm. V.C. t. 2./ 1. Pers.Ic. Pict. t. 3, f. 6, 7. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 349. Eng. Fl. v. p. 241. Fries, exs. no. 342. Moug. exs. no.866. Sphoiria p)lacenta, Tode.f.^1. S. depressa, Bolt. t. 122, /. 1. Bull. t. 4.32, f. 2 ? On willow branches. 2-3 lines broad, gently convex, brownish, then black ; perithecia in a single row, globose, often altered in form by mutual pressure, resting upon the matrix. Ostiola projecting slightly, often stellate. When cut off hori- zontally beneath the stroma a distinct black line is seen upon the wood. Sporidia (•0002--0003 in.) •005.-0075 m.m. 2437. Diatrype hystrix. Fr. " Hedge hog Spharia." Bursting forth transversely, depressed, oval, rather plane, black, brownish within ; rostella distinct, somewhat incrassated above ; sporidia sausage-shaped, minute. — Fr. Summ. V.S. p>. SPH^RIACEI. 813 385. B.4- Br. Ann. X.TI. no. ^10 (not Currey). Sph. hystri.r, Tode.f. 127. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 361. Moug. exs. no. 959. Eng. FL Y.p. 244. On sycamore brandies. [Mid. Carolina.] The pustule is brown within, but covered with a distinct black stroma. Snoridia ('0002 in.) •005 m.m. long. This is clearly not the Valsa longirostris of Tulasne. nor the Diatrype ( Maniiania) hystrix of De Xotaris, Berkeley re- gards it as the S^ylvjeria hystrix of Tode. We have seen no specimens. 2438. Diatrype corniculata. B.JiBr. "Circumscribed Diatrype." Innate, stroma whitisli ; conceptaculiim black ; perithecia de- cumbent ; ostiola crowded, subcylindrical, distinct, even ; asci clavate, containing eight sausage-shaped sporidia. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N H. no. 845. Sph. corniculata, Ehr. exs. no. 300. Fr. S.M. ii. i?. 584. Xees.f.mO. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 2^1 . On dead branches. Mar. Lucknam. Sporidia ("OOCl-'OOOo in.) •01-'0125 m.m. lone, concealed beneath the epidermis, except the orifices, which are considerably exserted. Ostiola pretty constantly umbiaeated. — Grec. B, Sporidia uniseptate, hyaline. 2439. Diatrype varians. Curr. " Variable Diatrype." Perithecia subglobose ; ostiola conical, sometimes umbilicate at the apex, the masses penetrate the bark in long parallel lines; sporidia biseriate, colourless, obtuse, constricted in the centre, uniseptate, cymbiform laterally, variable in width. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. p. 270, t. 46,/. 77. B. ^' Br. Ann.X.H. no. 834. On dead twigs. June. Eltham. The position of this species is considered doubtful. The bark in which the perithecia are immersed is scarcely at all changed. Sporidia ('0006 in.) •015 m.m. 2440. Diatrype inaequalis. Curr. " Unequal Diatrype." Perithecia subglobose ; ostiola short and rugose, surface of the wood blackened and rugged ; sporidia greenish, obtuse, con- stricted in the middle, uniseptate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. f. 79. Cooke, exs. no. 372. B. <^- Br. Ann. y.H. no. 837. Dia- portheincequalis, Nice. Pyr. Germ. i. p. 285. Sphceria Fuckelii, Fckl. exs. no. 919. On furze. Jan. Weybridge. 814 SPH^RIACEI. Sporidia ("0006 in.) "015 m.m. loner, uniseriate, almost colourless, but rather of a green tinge, obtuse, constricted in the middle, uniseptate, con- tents granular and nucleate. Perithecia sometimes scattered. The masses of perithecia surrounded by a black line. — F.C 2441. Diatrype pyrrhocystis. B. & Br, " Brown Diatrype." Irregular ; disc plane or concave ; ostiola black, punctate ; stroma pallid; perithecia brown; sporidia elliptic, uniseptate, binucleate. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N. II. no. 841, ^. 9, /. 10. Cooke, exs. no. 241. Diaporthe pyrrhocystis^ Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 204. Dialytes decedens, Fckl exs.no. 1983. On hazel twigs. March. Disc plane or concave, studded with the black shining ostiola. Asci cla- vate. Sporidia biseriate (•00 L in.) "025 m.m. long, elliptic, obtuse, or slightly pointed, uniseptate, slightly constricted, with two large nuclei. The brown perithecia, pallid stroma, and peculiar fruit are the characteristics of this species. — B. d: Br. 2442. Diatirype incarcerata. B. & Br. " Eose Diatrype." Immersed in the inner bark, casting off the cuticle ; perithecia globose ; ostiola conical, elongated ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, acute at each end, constricted in the middle, uniseptate, quadri-nucleate. — B. ^- Br. Ann. JSf.H. no. 842. On rose stems. Twycross. Sporidia ('OOCSin.) 'OliO m.m. long. Fruit exactly like that of »§. enterO' Uuca of Currey. C. Sporidia multi- nucleate, or multiseptate, hyaline. 2443. Diatrype undulata. Fr. " Waved Diatrype." Effused, interrupted, waved, black, white within ; ostiola rather prominent, subrotund ; asci linear; sporidia uniseriate, sub- ovate, pointed at one end, at length triseptate. — S. undulata, Fers. K>yn.p.21. Moug. exs.no. 371. Fr. S.M.ii.p. 350. Grev. t.223,f.i.? Eng.Fl.Y.p. 241. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no.^U. t, 9,/. 9. On dead branches. Liable to be confounded with some states of B. lata. It may easily be dis- tinguished by being erumpent ; more commonly confounded with B. stigma, from which it differs in the fruit. Sporidia (^•O004.-0007 in.) 'Ol-'OiyZ m.m. long. 2444. Diatrype strumella. Fr. " Currant Diatrype." Bursting forth transversely, depressed, elliptic, nearly plane, black ; stroma cortical ; ostiola cylindrical, even ; sporidia bi- SPH^EIACEI, 815 seriate, colourless, eliptico-aciimiiiate, triseptate, sometimes slightly curved and constricted. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 385. Fckl. exs. no. 598. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 4J,f. 88. Cooke exs, no. 236. S. strumeUa,F'?\ S.M. \\. p. 365. Fries, exs. no. 115. Moug. exs. no. 9, 60. Eng. Fl. v. p. 244:. Diaporthe strumella, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 205. On dry currant branches. Common. [United States.] Sometimes it bursts througli longitudinally. Sporidia ("OOOS-'OOOS in.) •0127-'015 m.m.long. 2446. Diatarype nucleata. Curr. " Nucleate Diatrype." Perithecia ovate or globose, with rather short ostiola, col- lected in elongated irregular patches, surrounded by a dark line; sporidia linear-acuminate, constricted in the centre, quadri- nucleate, colourless. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii./). 270, t. 46,/. 76. B. ^' Br. Ann. N. H. no. 833. On furze. Jan. Weyb ridge. Sporidia (•0007--0003 in.) •0177--02 m.m. long. 2446. Diatrype Badhami. Curr. " Badham's Diatrype." Perithecia single and in masses, deeply imbedded in the wood ; surface of inner bark much blackened ; sporidia narrow, sub- elliptic, 3-4 nucleate, appendiculate at either end. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 46,/. 80. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 836. Sporidia ('OOOo-OOOB in.) ■0127-'015 m.m. long, biseriate, colourless, usually 4 nucleate, with a minute hyaline appendage at one end, which is invisible in the ascus, narrowly almond shaped. In habit and appearance resembling D. i/icequalis.—F.C. 2447. Diatrype ferruginea. Fr. " Rusty Diatrype." Bursting forth transversely, subrotund, unequal, black ; stroma pulverulent, ferruginous ; ostiola aggregate, round, spinulose ; sporidia very long, linear, acuminate at the ends, colourless, with many nuclei.— Fr./S.F.^.;). 385. FcU. exs. no. 1038. S. ferru- ginea, Pers. Obs. i. t. 5,/. 1, 2. Moug. exs. no. 377. Fr. S.JI. ii.p. 363. Fries, exs. no. 305. Eng. Fl. v. p. 244. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. t. 47,/. 94. Melograminafemigineurn, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 226. On hazel branches. Common. Ostiola even, very variable, sometimes almost obsolete, sometimes very long, slender, flexuous, equal, obsoletely circumscribed — Fries. 816 BPH^RIACEI. 2448. Diatrype frangulae. Pers. " Buckthorn Diatrype." Peritliccia not circinating, united by a distinct crust or stroma; asci somewhat clavate ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, colourless, illiptic-acuuiinate ; endochrome quadripartite, sometimes only liipartite. — Pers. Kew. Herh. Sphceria synrjenesia, Fr. (in part). Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47,/. 119. Diatrype syngenesia^ Cooke Seem. Journ. Diaporthe syngenesia^ Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 204. Valsa appendiculosa, Fckl. exs.no. 601. Cooke exs. no. 367. On elder and Rhamnus frangula. The pporidia are only qua dri nucleate until mature, each extremity is often shortly appendiculate (-OOOS-'OOOG in.) •U127-*015 m.m. long. D. Sporidia coloured. 2449. Diatrype dxyophila. Curr. " Dart-spored oak Diatrype." Perithecia ovate or subglobose ; stroma dirty green, necks long, convergent, piercing the bark ; asci linear ; sporidia uni- seriate, dark, oblong, narrow, sometimes binucleate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii.;?. 269, t. 46,/. 75. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 832. On dead oak twigs. Sporidia (•0004-*0006 in.) '01-' 015 m.m. long. Perithecia surrounded by a dirty green stroma, rather deeply buried, piercing the bark by their long converging necks, forming compact, scattered black pustules. Sporidia uniseriate, narrowly elliptical, sub-acuminate at each end, at first of a pale greenish brown, then darker, eventually almost black, when young with two or more nuclei in each sporidium. — F.C. 2450. Diatrype denigrans. Curr. " Tubercular Diatrype." Perithecia conical or depressed, with long ostiola, penetratiug the bark, and raising the wood into minute prominent black tubercles ; sporidia dark, elliptic. — Cu7t. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^.46, /. 78. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 835. On twigs. Sporidia ("0005 in.) '0127 m.m. long, uniseriate, often partly overlapping, dark olive brown, elliptical bi-, tri-, or multi-nucleate, sometimes quite simp e. Perithecia deej-ly set in the wood ; when a tuft of them is cut trans- versely there is a black line round them which is very well defined. 2451. Diatrype cincta. B.^^Br. " Girdled Diatrype." Perithecia irregularly ovate, closely packed in a compact, leathery conceptacnlum ; ostiola bursting the bark, forming SPH^RIACEl. 817 round pustules ; sporidia dark, obtuse, constricted in the middle, uniseptate. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 8i6. VaUa cincta, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48,/. 135. On i\^igs. (Rohinia?) March. Blackheath. Sporidia ('0007 in.) '0177 m.ni., uuiseriate, dark rich brown, obtuse, con stricted in the middle, uniseptate. Under a lens the ostiola seem surrounded with a dirty olive-green stroma. 2452. Diatrype podoides. Fr. " Spinulose Diatrype." Crowded, unequal ; ostiola spinulose ; laterally or altogether erumpent ; sporidia large, elongated, curved, 6-7 septate, pale- brown. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 385. Sph. podoides, Pers. Syn.p.'22. Moug. exs. no. 1074. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. QOO. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. t. 46,/. 85. On dead branches. Jan. Sporidia biseriate or crowded, clear, rather pale-brown, /-septate, with a hyaline joint at each extremity, often slightly curved (■0024-*003 in.) '0o-'07 m.m. long. — F.C E. Sporidia uncertain. 2453. Diatrype ulicis. BerT^. "Furze Diatrype." Verruc^eform, nearly free, black without and within ; perithe- cia membranaceous, broad ; ostiola tuberculose. — Sj^h. ulicis, Fr. Linn. Y. p. 54:4^. B. 4" Br. Ann. N.H. no. odd. On furze. Penzance. Forming warts, erumpent, prominent, free above, subrotund or unequal, crowded, somewhat confluent, surface unequal, and tuberculose with the ostiola : perithecia crowded, broad, membranaceous, irregular. Diatrype fla.yo-virens, Fr. . . See Eiitypa. no. 2398. Diatrype elevata, B. ^ Br. . . See Eutypa. no. 2404. Diatrype leioplaca, Fr. Diatrype lata, Fr. . Diatrype decipiens, Fr. Diatrype stipata, Curr. See Eutypa. no. 2400. 'See Eutyj^a. no.2o97. . . See Eutypa. no. 2403. See Valsa dissepta, Fr. Diatrype CERATOSPERMA, jPr. . . See Valsa ceratophora,TuL Diatrype sordida, B. ^' Br. . . See Valsa taleola, Fr. (Curr. Linn. Trans, xxv. p. 246.) Diatrype scabrosa, Fr. . . . See Eutypa. 2m 5 818 SPHvERTACEl. Gen. 350. MELANCONZS, Tul. Stroma regnlnr, orbicular or ovate, conical or pulvinate ; conidia simple or multilocular, often oozing out in a black mass ; spermatia shortly filiform, curved. Perithecia globose, semi-immersed, with, short necks, circinating ; sporidia two, Fig. 086. or many celled, hyaline or coloured. — Tul. Carp. i\.p. 115. {Figs. 386, 387.) 2454. IVIelanconis stilbostoma. Tul. " Birch Melanconis." Conidia. — Stroma elevated, prominent, white ; conidia com- pact, subglobose, olive, or olive- brown. — Melanconium hicolor, Nees. f. 27. Corda. i. /. 33, 34. Fckl. exs.710.84:. Rahh.exs. no. 590. 3f. hetulinum, Sclim. ^ Kze. exs. no. 208. Fckl. exs. no. 85. Moug. exs. no. 670. Fries, exs. no. 299. M. elevatum, Corda. iii. /. 60. Didy- Fig. 387. mosporium elevatum, Lk. Sp. vi. p. 94. Fr. S.M. iii.p. 486. D. hetulinum, Grev. t. 273. (Fig. 386.) Spermogonia. — Nucleus pallid ; spermatia at length curved, very slender, orange. — Nemaspora crocea, Fries, exs. no. 107. Nemaspora aurea, Rahh. exs. no. 584. Lihertella hetulina, Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. xix. f 1830), t. b,f. 4. AscopHORE. — Perithecia in circles, covered with a waxy dirty- white disc ; ostiola prominent, scattered, bursting forth, and at length obliterating the disc ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, acu- minate-elliptic, constricted, endochrome bipartite. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 120, 1. 14,/. 1-12. Fckl. exs. no. 590. Sphceria stilbostoma (in part). Fr. S.M. 'li.p. 403. Fr. exs. no. 145. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48, /: 140. Desm. exs. no. Ihl. Moug. exs. no. 962. {Fig. 387.) On birch. [United States.] 2455. Melanconis alni. Tul. " Alder Melanconis.'- Conidia. — Stroma elevated, latent; conidia compact, globose, or subglobose, very small, pelucid. — Melanconium sphceroideum^ SPH^RIACEI. 819 Lie. Sp.\\.p.^^. Fr. S.M.iii. p.^Q^. Desm. exs. no. 140. M, apiocarpum, Q. Alni, Corda. \i.f. 13. Rahb. exs. no. 469. Fckl. exs. no. 89. AscoPHORE. — Peritliecia globose, black ; asci oblong-linear; sporiclia narrowly elliptical or oblong, obtuse, curved, uniseptate, scarcely constricted, with a hyaline setiform appendage at each extremity. — Tul. Carp. ii. ^. 21, /. 19, 33. Cooke exs. no. 369. Wuestneia siiffusa, Fckl. exs. no. 593. Sphceria thelebola, Cuit. Linn. Trans, xxii./. 158 (not Fries). On alder twigs. 2456. IVIelanconis chrysostroma. Tul. "Yellow-disc Melanconis." CoNiDiA. — Conidia ovate, rounded behind, apiculate at the base, olive-brown, with 1-2 nuclei. — Melanconium bicolor, Q. Eabh. exs. no. 590. Fckl. exs. no. 90. 31. microsporum^ Nees. Desm. exs. no. 753. AscoPHORE. — Pustulate ; perithecia irregular, circinating and decumbent ; ostiola scarcely exserted, pierced ; disc yellow ; asci elongated, clavate ; sporidia elliptic, attenuated, at length uniseptate, strongly constricted. — Tul. Carp. \\.p. 125, t. 24,/. 14- 20. Valsa chrysostroma, Fr. Summ. V.S.p. 412. B. ^'. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 861*. t. 10,/. 16. Berk. exs. no. 296. Sph. xanthos- troma, Mont. Ann. S. Nat. 1834, t. 12, f. 4. Berk. Mag. Zool. 4' Bot. no. 22. Fries, exs. no. 444. Desm. exs. no. 1756. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^.48,/. 160. On hazel and hornbeam. Perithecia small, hardly visible above the bark, but very visible when the epidermis is stripped off. Easily known by its yellow stroma. Sporidia .(•O0O7-'O0O9 in.) •0177-'022 m.m. long. 2457. Melanconis Bexkelsei. Tul. " Berkeley's Melanconis." Conidia. — Ovate elliptic, or elliptic oblong, straight, obtuse, black, semi-opaque, quadrilocular (rarely 2-6 locular). — Stilbos- pora macrosperma., B. ^- Br. Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. (1851). t. 9, 10. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia circulating, or crowded; ostiola scarcely prominent, black ; asci linear-oblong ; sporidia uniseriate, ovate, elliptic, or elliptic-oblong, straight, quadrilocular, dark brown, hyaline at the extremity. — Tul. Carp. \\. p. 130. Fckl. exs.no.hd,^. Sphceria inquinans, B. ^ Br. Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. (1851), 1. 10. var. Ulmi (not Massaria inquinans, B. 4' Lr.J. On elm twigs. Conidia and sporidia '0o-*06 m.m. long, •015-*02 m.m. broad. 820 SPH^RIACET. 2458. Melanconis lancifoxmis. Tul. " Lanceolate Melanconis." CoNiDiA. — Pustules disc-like, flattened ; conidia clavate ; pporopbores attenuated. — Coryneum disciforme, Corda. Ic.ui.f. 91. Bubh.exs.iio. 278. Cooke exs.no. 351. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 450. Stylospores. — Tufts solitary, black, innate, at first covered, tlien erumpent ; stylospores black, subglobose. — Coniothecinm hetuUnum, Corda. \. f. 25. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.II. no. 461. Pycnidia. — Pustules beneath the epidermis woolly, multilo- cular within; stylospores large, with septate peduncles, clavate, at length deciduous, effused, oblong-elliptic, miiltilocular. — Hender soma poly cystis, B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 415. AscoPHORE. — Bursting forth transversely, lanceolate, convex, black at first cinereous within, then blackish; ostiola at length slightly prominent ; sporidia biseriate, pale clear brown, flatly elliptical, rather obtuse, tips frequently pellucid. — Tid. Carp. ii. t. 16. FrJd.exs.no. 1996. Diatrypelanciformis^Fr. S.V.S.p.080. S.lanciformis. Fr. S.M.ii.p. 362. Friesexs.no. 73. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 243. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47, f. 91. Bahh. exs. no. 248, S. hetulina, Sow. t. 371,/. 6. On birch bark. Sporidia ("002111.) '05 in. m. long. It IS doubtful whether Cotiiothecium hehdmv.m and Hendersonia polycystis?LTQ correctly referred to this species by Mr. F. Currey. Tulasne seems to think not. 2459. Idlelanconis longipes. Tul. " Elongated Melanconis." Conidia. — Erumpent, disciform, black ; stroma placenteeform, brown within; conidia fusiform, acute at each end, septate, brown, with a terminal colourless apiculus. — Coryneum Kunzei^ Corda. /civ./. 131. Curr. Quart. Journ. Micr. Sc. v. (1857), p. 127. Babh. exs. no. 779. Fckl. exs.no. 228. (See no. 1397, ante.) AscoPHORE. — Erumpent, suborbicular, convex, reddish-brown, at length black, nearly of the same colour within ; ostiola rather prominent, four sided ; asci clavate ; sporidia lanceolate or sub- cymbiform ; endochrome quadripartite. — Ttil. Carp. ii. p. 139. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, t.y. p. iii. Diatrype quercina, B. Sf. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 839. (not Tulasne or Persoon.) >S'. quercina, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 362. Eng. Fl. \.p. 243. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 172. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii./ 90. Stromatosphceria quercina, Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 358 (in part). Valsa arcuata, Curr Linn. Trans, xxii./ 167. On oak branches. Sporidia (-0018 in.) "004 m.m. long.— ^. ct Br. SPH^EIACEI. 821 Gen. 351. VAIcSA, Fr. Peritliecia carbonaceous, perfect, circinating, elongated into converg- ing necks ; ostiolaerumpent, joined together, or ending in a common disc. — Fr.SM. Berk. Outl.p. 389. {Fig. 388.) Fig. 388. Series 1. Valsella. Sporidia simple, hyaline. a. Circumscriptce. 2460. Valsa prunastri. Fr. " Sloe Valsella." Spermogonia. — Cells set in a depressed conceptaciilnm ; disc erumpent, dirty brown; tendrils reddish ; spermatia cylindrical, minute. — Cytisporaruhescens^ Fr. S.M.ii. p. 542. Fdd. exs. no. 627. Eng. Fl.Y.p.28l. AscopHORE. — Lentiform, stroma formed of the bark ; ostiola elongated, crowded, 4-6 angled, sulcate, subdivergent ; sporidia biseriate, almost colourless, minute, curved, — Fr. S.V.S.p. 411. Fckl. exs. no. 596. Sphceria prunastri^ Pers. Syn. p. 37. Jloiig. exs. no. 378. Fr. S.M.ii.p. 380. Fries, exs. no. 226. Eng.Fl. v. p. 246. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii.j). 275. Berk. exs. no. 29. Cooke exs. no. 237. On branches of sloe. [IMid. Carolina.] Bursting forth transversely. Sporidia ("OOOS in.) '007 m.m. 2461. Valsa stellulata. Fr. '< Stellate Valsella." Spermogonia. — Spermatia cylindrical, curved. — Cytispora sp. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 196. AscoPHORE. — Subrotund, immersed; stroma white, or dirty- white, circumscribed ; ostiola short,ovato-globose,radiato-stellate ; asci elliptical; sporidia biseriate, very pale yellowish, simple, slightly curved, rounded at the ends. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 411. Fckl. exs. 710. 697. Sphceria stellulata, Fr. S.3I. ii. p. S81. Fries, exs. no. 442. Fng. Fl. v. p. 246. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47,/. 120. Berk, exs, no. 79. Cooke exs. no. 382. On elm branches. [United States.] 822 SPH^RIACEI. Variable as to fhe size of the patches, their manner of bursting through, the colour of the stroma, and length of the ostiola ; sometimes the latter are crowdi'd and pierce the epidermis in a fascicle, occasionally irregularly scat- tered, the patches somewhat confluent, and the whole surface of the branch pierced by a single ostiolum, which, though varying in length, are always curi- ously sulcate. 2462. Valsa syngenesia. Fr. •' Elder Yalsella." Conical, free, adnate at the base ; stroma cinereous-black ; ostiola exserted; sporidia cylindrical, curved, minute, hyaline. — Fi\ Summ. V.S.p. Ul. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H'.no. 847 (not Currey). Sph. syngenesia, Fr. Obs. ii. t. 7,/. 1. Cooke exs. no. 238. On elder. \^0n Buhus, Mid. Carolina.] Two species similar in habit, but differing in fruit, appear to have been confounded by Fries in his observations ; Kev. M. J. Berkeley thinks this to be the genuine species, whilst Messrs. Currey, Nitschke, Fuckel, &c., refer it to the species included here under Diatrypefranc/ulce. (j, IncuscB. 2463. Valsa nivea. Fr. •' Snowy disc Valsella." Spermogonia. — Cells set in a conceptaculum ; disc erumpent, at length black ; tendrils yellow ; spermatia minute. — Cytispora chrysosperma,Fr. S.M. ii. p. bi2. Eng. Fl. v.;?. 282. Moug. exs. 881. AscoPHORE. — Conic ; stroma white, contained in a close dimi- diate conceptaculum, which easily separates from the bark ; disc truncate, mealy, almost snow-white ; ostiola slightly prominent, globose, even ; asci lanceolate, sessile ; sporidia cylindrical, curved, simple, hyaline. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 411. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 128, t. 22,/. 12-21. De Not. Sfer. Ital. i. t. 36. FcU. exs. no 602. Sphceria nivea., Hoffm. Veg. Cr. i. p. 26, t. 6,/. 3. Moug. exs. no. 278. Eng. FL v. p. 248. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 386. Fries, exs. no. 76. Funck. exs. no. 281. S. marginata, Sow. t. 372, f. 7. var. polyspora. Sporidia numerous. — Ciirr. Linn. Trans. xxii./. 126. Valsa poly spora, Nke. Pyr. Germ. p. On branches of poj^lar, hawthorn, &c. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ('0002 -"0003 in.) •005--007m.m. long. 2464. Valsa leucostoma. Fr. " White-mouthed Valsella," Spermogonia. — Cytispora nivea, Fckl. En. F.N. Cytispora ocellata, Fckl. exs. no. 1968. SPH^RIACEl. 823 AscoPHORE. — Somewhat conic ; stroma cortical, contained in a close dimidiate conceptaculum ; disc truncate, white, perforated by the black poriform ostiola ; asci oblong, sessile ; sporidia cy- lindrical, curved, simple, hyaline. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 411. FcJcl. exs. no. 603. Valsa Persoonii, Nke. Pyr. Germ. \. p. 222. ^S*. leucos- toma, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 387. Fries, exs. no. 258. Nees.f. 332. Moug. exs.no. 659. Eng.Fl.Y. p. 2-48. Tode. f.^Q. Berk. exs. no. 31. On branches of Prunus. Common. [United States.] At first resembling a Cytispora, witli 1-2 black included ostiola, bnt when perfect bearing many minute exserted. now and then slightly prominent os- tiola. It differs from V. nivea in the nature of the disc, the obliterated stroma, and the more adnate conceptaculum. — Fries. 2465. Valsa Kunzei. Fr. " Kunze's Larch Yalsella." Spermogoxia. — Cytispora sp.Fchl. Syin. Mycp. 201. AscoPHORE. — Conical ; stroma pallid — yellow ; disc waxy, din,s:y, at first pierced with a pore, then the small black ostiola, umbilicate ; asci elliptical ; sporidia biseriate, almost colourless, curved. — Sph. Kunzei, Fr. Kze. M.H. ii. p. 45. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 601. C^irr. Linn. Trans. :s.x.ii. t.4:8,J. 133. Fckl. exs. no. 1728. On fallen branches of larch. Orbicular, prominent ; disc erumpent, truncate, dingy cinereous or oliva- ceous, conceptaculum scarcely a line broad, scutelliform, black, adnate to the inner bark; perithecia minute, numerous, crowded. Sporidia ('OOOiin.) '01 m.m. long. . 2466. Valsa microstoma. Fr. " Small-mouthed Yalsella." Spermogonia. — Spermatia cylindrical, curved, minute. — Cy- tispora sp. Fckl. Sym. Mycp. 199. AscoPHORE. — Orbicular, subimmersed; disc prominent, nearly plane ; ostiola very minute, globose, covered ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, transparent, curved, obtuse. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 41] . Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47, /. 130. Sph. microstoma, Fries, exs. no. 185. Berh. Mag. Zool. ^' Bot. no. 20. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 388. Nees. f. 331. Fdd. exs.no. 1972. On dead sloe. Sporidia (.OOOo-'OOOZ in.) •0127-'0ir7 m.m long. 2467. Valsa dissepta. Fr. " Variable Elm Valsella." Spermogonia. — Spermatia almost linear, on branched septate threads. 824 SPH^RIACEI. AscopHORE. — Loosely circumscribed; perithecia scattered (sometimes crowded), large, saucer-shaped; ostiola erumpent, somewliat united; sporidia cylindrical, curved, obtuse. — Diatrype stipata, B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 843-970*. S. dissepta, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 392. Fries, exs. no. 224. Eng. Fl. v. p. 249. aS^. stipata, Curr. Phil. Trans. 1857. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49,/. 197. Coolce exs. no. '2^^. S. saturnus, Sow. t. 216. Valsa hypodermia, B.4'- Br. Jnn. N.IL no. SQ2,t. 10, f. 18 (not Fries). Quaternaria dis- septa, Tul. Carp. iii. p. 107. On branches of elm, &c. The scutellffiform conceptaculum I5-2 lines broad is most distinct, elliptic or slightly flexuous from the confluence of two individuals ; in the centre is a single perithecium, rarely two, covered with a dingy substance with a darker, slightly prominent ostiolum in the centre, and a slender neck, sepa- rated from the conceptaculum by the loose wood-coloured cortical stroma. — M.J.B. Sporidia (-OOOZ-'OOOO in.) •0177-'022 m.m., sometimes reaching (•OOi in.) '0:^0 m.m. long. 2468. Valsa controversa. Fr. " Variable Valsella." Circumscribed ; stroma cortical, black ; perithecia immersed ; ostiola erumpent, rather prominent ; asci subclavate ; sporidia biseriate, hyaline, ovato -oblong, containing four nuclei. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 411. Sj)h. controversa, Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. ii. vol. XYu.p. 102. Desm. exs. no. 1255. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 602. On dead twigs of ash, Sophora Japonica, herbaceous stems, &c. Varying somewhat in external appearance on different plants, a greater or less number of perithecia beiug collected together, and the spots of a more or less deep-black. 2469. Valsa dry ina. Curr. " Brown Oak Valsella." Perithecia pyriform, imbedded in a dirty-brown stroma ; os- tiola rather shorter than the perithecia, somewhat thickened to- wards the apex ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, colourless, strongly curved; asci and sporidia very delicate and hyaline. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48, /. 135 b. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 850. On dead oak branches. Weybridge. Sporidia ('OOOS in.) '0076 m.m. long. 2470. Valsa concamerata. Curr. " Woolly Oak Valsella." Perithecia raising the inner bark into a dome-shaped concep- taculum, tufts of perithecia united by white woolly fibres ; spo- SPH^RIACEI. 825 ridia crowded, colourless, curved. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48, /. 134. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 867. On oak. Sporidia ("0004 in.) "01 m.m. long, Mr, Currey appears to be doubtful whether this may not be a form of V. ceratophora. y. Ohvallatce. 2471. Valsa coronata. Fr. ** Coronated Yalsella." Perithecia rather irregular, disposed in a circle ; ostiola even, obtuse, at first globose, crowded, at length beaked ; sporidia colourless, biseriate, cylindrical, curved, simple. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 412. S. coronata, Hoffm. V.G. i. t. 5,/. 45. Schn. M.H. ii. t. \.f. 14. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 395. Eng. Fl. y.p. 249. Klotsch. exs. no. 543. On oak, dog rose, and hawthorn. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] 2472. Valsa ceratophora. Tul. " Horned Valsella." Spermogoxia. — Spermatia, minute, simple. — Cytispora sp. AscopHORE. — Erumpent, splitting the epidermis in a some- what stellate manner ; perithecia globose, with very long sca- brous necks ; asci numerous, linear-oblong, eight- spored ; spo- ridia minute, sausage-shaped, pallid. — Tul. Carp. li.p. 191, ^.22, f. 1-11. Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866)/. 1. Sphceria ceratosperma, Moiig. exs. no. 567. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 364 (^partly). Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. p. 2d2,t. 4:7 , f. dS. Eng. Fl. v. p. 24:4:. Valsa coronata, Duhy in Rabh. exs. (1860) no. 250. Nke. Pyr. Germ. p. 180. Cooke exs. no. 251. Diatrype ceratosperma, Fr. S. V.S. p. 411. On branches of elm, holly, &c. var. rosaruzn. Ostiola abbreviated. — Valsa rosarum, De Not. Sfer. Ital.t. 42. (Sperraogonia^(7^^?5/?c>ra i?os^, Fckl. exs.no. 624.) Grev. t. 20. On stems of rose. var. quercicola. Valsa decorticans, Fr. S.V.S. p. 412 (in part). Fckl. exs. no. 606. On oak branches. (F'^d- 388.) ^473. Valsa abietis. Fr. " Fir-tree Valsella." SpERMoaoNiA.=(7yi/s/>ora/)m2. Fckl. exs. no. 628. AscopHORE. — Immersed ; stroma thin, dirty white ; perithe- cia ovate, aggregate ; ostiola oblong, even, thick, collected into 826 SPH^RIACEI. a disc ; asci linear-oblong ; sporidia biseriate, cylindrical, colourless, curved. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 412. Fckl. exs. no. 609. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48. /. 147. S. abietis, F?\ S.M. ii. p. 398. Fries, exs. no. 11. Eng. Fl.Y.p.24S). Cucurhitaria pinastri^ Grev. t.bO. On branches of Pinus ahies. Sporidia (•O003--000G in.) 'OOZO-'OIS m.m. long. 2474. Valsa aurea. Fckl. *' Almond-spored Valsella." Forming dark bullate spots, caused by the black perithecia nestling beneath the thin epidermis, somewhat depressed around the ostiola, which are at first covered with a bright orange disc, at length naked ; perithecia from 4-6 in a group, black, with straight convergent necks, never confluent ; asci cylindrical, containing eight almond-shaped, large, uniseriate, hyaline spori- dia.—i^cZ:/. ^m«w. i^.iY./r;. 20 (1861), Nke.Pyr. Germ. p. 220. Valsa amygdalina, Cooke Seem. Journ. Bot. t.f. 21 (1866), no, 446. Cooke exs. no. 250. Valsarntila, Tul. Carp. ii.p. 196 (1863). Wnestneia aurea^ Fckl. exs. no. 681. On small twigs of hornbeam. Sometimes on the same twigs as V. hitorulosa, from wliich it is distin- guished with the naked eye by the dark prominent perithecia and bright orange disc. 2475. Valsa ambiens. Fr. " Circle Yalsella." Spermogonia. — Conceptaculum none, cells black, circinating; disc dingy, tendrils pale; spermatia minute. — Cytispora car- phospet^ma, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 543. Fng. Fl, v. p. 282. Cytispora leu- cosperma, Fr. S.M.ii.p. 543. Desm. exs. no. 489. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia immersed, disposed in circles ; osti- ola even, subglobose, surrounding a dirty-white waxy disc ; sporidia colourless, 4 or 8 cylindrical, curved, obtuse, hyaline. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 412. Tul. Carp. ii.p. 176. Fckl. exs.no. 616. Cooke exs. no. 256. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48, /. 138. Sphceria am- hiens, Fr S.M. ii. p. 403. Fries, exs.no. 8. Moug. exs. no. 872. FL Dan. t. 2039,/. 1. Fng. Fl. y. p. 250. Berk. exs. no. 80. Valsa tetj^aspora, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48,/. 148 (partly ). Fckl. exs. 710.2141. On dead branches, especially Rosacece. Common. [United States.] Varying much in size, in the degree of elevation above the general sur- face and the colour of the disc, which is sometimes jet black. — M.J.B. Sporidia ("0006 in.) "015 m.m. long. SPH^HIACEI. 9 827 2476. Valsa salicina. Fr, " Willow Valsella." CoxiDiA. — Pulvinate, stroma fleshy brown, lentiform, black ; conidia conglutinate, suboblong, brown. — Coniothecium amenta- cearum, Corda. Ic. i. fig. 26. B. ^' Br. Ann. JSf.H. no. 460. Spermogoxia. — Conceptaciiliim none ; cells black, circinating; disc plane, dirty brown ; tendrils delicate, pale ; spermatia minute. — Cytispora fugax^Fr. S.M.n.p. 544. Bull. t. 432,/. 5. Eng.Fl.Y.p.2%2. Cytispora salicina, Eahh. exs. no. ^^^. Fckl. exs. no. 623. AscoPHORE. — Pustulate; peritbecia globose, disposed in circles ; disc at length white, pierced with one or two pores ; ostiola globose, very minute, at length exserted ; asci tetra- sporous or octosporous ; sporidia cylindrical, curved, simple, hyaline. — Fr. S. V.S. p. 412. FcJcl. exs. no. 615. Cooke exs. no. 377. S. salicina, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 401. Fries, exs. no. 10. Eng. Fl. v.^. 250. Tode.f. 107. Valsa tetraspora, Curr. Linn. Trans, x.nii. t. 48,/. 148 (partly). Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 367. Fckl. exs. no. 614. On willow twigs. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] Perithecia distinct, thin, minute, about 8 in every circle, their necks united into a minute waxy, slightly prominent disc, which is at first dingy, then white, pierced with a black pore, when it is very like V. levcostoma, but when perfect the disc is obliterated by the shining globose ostiola. — Fries. 2477. Valsa platanigera. B.^-Br. " Small Plane Valsella." Disc minute, whitish ; perithecia few ; ostiola obscure ; asci clavate ; sporidia lanceolate, minute. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 851,?. 9,/. 12. On plane. Leicestershire. Perithecia 4-7 in a group, globose, subdecumbent, neck about the same length, oblique ; disc small, white ; ostiola obscure j asci clavate ; sporidia hyaline, lanceolate ("0007 in.) "0177 m.m. long. — B. d:Br. 2478. Valsa tetraploa. B.. ij Br. SPH^EIACEI. 833 2495. Valsa faginea. Curr. " Beech Yalsa." Perithecia conical ; ostiola penetrating the bark, long and pro- truding, usually broken off; sporidia colourless, elliptic-acumi- nate, constricted in the middle, and irregular. — Curr. Linn. Trows, xxii. 79. 281,^.48,/. 168. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H.no.86i. On beech. Oct. Eltham. Ostiola normally long and protruding, but mostly broken off j when the lon^ ostiola are rubbed off" the plant looks just lilce I", quattrnata or V. turgiAa. Sporidia biseriate ('OOOo in.) '0127 m.m. long.— i^.C. 2496. Valsatiliae. Tul. " Lime twig Yalsa." CoxiDiA. — Tufts verrucajform, subglobose, aggregated, black ; conidia obtuse, of the same colour. — Exosporium tilice, Lk. Obs. i.p. 8. FcJcl. exs. no. 229. Pycnidia. — Stylospores oblong, straight, obtuse, simple, hy- aline.— Rabenhorstia tilice, Fr. S. V. S.p. 410. Fckl. exs. no. 582. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia deeply immersed in the inner bark ; ostiola penetrating or concealed, surmounted by a circular greenish disc ; asci stipitate, cylindrical ; sporidia uniseriate, oyate-ellip- tic, uniseptate, slightly constricted, hyaline, greenish. — Sphceria alios, Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat.Y. p.\l\. Desm. exs.no. 979(1845). Hercospora tilice, Tul. Carp. ii. p>. 154. FcJcl. Sym. Myc. p. 187. Valsaria tilice, De Not. Sfer. ItaL 58. Wuest?ieia mona- delpha, Fckl. exs. no. 594. Valsa tilaginea, Curr. Phil. Trans. (1857),;?. 546, ^ 25,/. 12. B. <^- Br. Jnn. N.H.no. 86d. Cooke exs. no. 378. On lime twigs. Remarkable for the green disc above the perithecia. Mr. Currey's plant does not appear to differ specifically from that of Tulasne. 2497. Valsa crataegi. Curr. " Hawthorn Valsa." Perithecia irregularly globose ; ostiola rather short; sporidia biseriate, oblong or elliptical, sometimes curved ; endochrome 4, sometimes 2, partite, colourless, at length strongly constricted and uniseptate. — Cu?t. Linn. Trans, xxii. p. 278, t. 48,/. 135 a. B. 4' Br. Ann. iV.H. no. 848. Cooke exs. no. 380. On Hawthorn. Sporidia (-OOOe-'OOlO in.) •015--025 m.m. long. Of this species Messrs. Berkelt^y and Broome observe that Mr. Currey's figure of the sporidia accords with what they have seen in the eaily stage of growth, but at length they are strongly constricted, uniseptate, with two distinct nuclei in each articu- lation. 2n 834 SPHiEEIACEI. 2498. Valsa stilbostoma. Fr. " Pallid disc Valsa." Perithccia disposed in circles, covered with a waxy, dirty-white disc ; ostiola prominent, scattered, bursting forth, and at length obliterating the disc ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, acuminate- elliptic, constricted ; endochrome bipartite. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 411. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. #. 48, /. 140. S. stilbostoma, Fr. S.M. i\.p. 403. Fries, exs. no. 145. Valsa rhois, Cooke exs. no. 24,b. On various dead branches (except beec'h). [United States. J Sporidia ("OOO/ in,) •0177 m.m. long. 2499. Valsa oncostoma. Buby. " Locust tree Valsa." Speemogonia. — Nestling in the wood, replete with a yellowish gelatine; sjDcrmatia oblong-lanceolate, simple, hyaline. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia mostly circinating ; ostiola long, convergent, crowded ; asci elongated, sessile ; sporidia oblong- lanceolate, uniseptate, quadrinucleate, hyaline. — Fckl. exs. no. 1730. Sphceria oncostoma, Duly in Kl. exs. no. 253. Diaporthe oncostoma, FcJcl. Sym. Myc. p. 205. On Rohinia pseudacacia. Swanscombe. 2500. Valsa circumscripta. Mont. " Guelder rose Valsa." Perithecia either simple and scattered, or 3-4 together, glo- boso-depressed, occupying the inner bark, at first covered by the cuticle, which at length vanishes, blackish; ostiola papillate, or conical ; asci narrowly oblong or subcylindrical, sessile ; sporidia narrowly fusiform, acute, hyaline, quadrinucleate, uniseptate (at length quadricellular). — Mont. Syll. p. 220. SplicBria circmn- scripta, Fr. Ann. Sc.Nat. i.p. 298, t. 13, y. 2 {inaccurate). Dia~ •portlie circumacriiita, Fcld. exs. no. 1991. Diaporthe BecJchausii^ Nke. Pyr. Germ. \.p. 295. On twigs of Viburnum. Darenth. Althougb the fruit does not absolutely agree witli Montague's description, the sporidia being acute and usually ouly uniseptate, it appears to be the game species. 2501. Valsa enteroleuca. Fr. " White disc Valsa." Orbicular, convex, free ; stroma white; perithecia small; os- tiola crowded, free, globose, or beaked, somewhat wrinkled ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, oblong, acuminate at each end, constricted, often slightly curved, quadrinucleate, uniseptate. — SPH^RIACEI. 835 S. enteroleuca, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 381. Eng. Fl.y.p. 2-i7. Bull.t. 4:32,/, 1. Cur?\ Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47,/. 113. On dried branches. > [Mid. Carolina.] Pustules 2-3 lines broad, at length by tlie decay of the bark free ; stroma white below, darker above, being almost obliterated by tlie crowded necks of the small perithecia ; ostiola rather rugged, globose or beaked on the same stick. — xV7./.^. Sporidia (•000G--0007 in.) -Olo-'OIZ m.m. Perithecia very numerous in each pustule, deeply imbedded in a very white stroma, when cut across horizontally, a very well defined black line is seen which arises from the wood surrounding the perithecia being blackened, thereby causing the appearance of a couceptaculum, but there is not really any.— P. C. J Sporidia appendiculate. 2502. Valsa taleola. Fr. '' Ciliated oak Yalsa." Loosely circumscribed; stroma cortical ; perithecia crowded in the centre; disc white; ostiola even, immersed, punctiform ; sporidia oblong, very obtuse, uniseptate, with cilia on each side of the septum and at either extremity. — Fr. S. V. S.p. 411. FcJd. exs. no. 2001. B. ^- Br, Ann. N.H. no. 849, t. 9,/. 11. Cooke exs.no. 252. V. luteola, Berk. Outl.p. 389. S. taleola, Fr. S.M, ii.j9. 390. Eng. Fl. v. p. 249. S. angulata, Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. t. 47, /, 122 ; xxv.^. 246. Phil. Trans. (1857), p. 550, t. 25,/. 20-22. Diatrype sordida, B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 838. Agla- ospora taleola, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 168. On oak branches. Common. [Low. Carolina.] Sporidia uniseriate, seldom biseriate, colourless, or pale sea-green, obtuse, constricted in the middle, furnished with four cilia, one proceeding from each pole, and one from the middle of each side ; endochrome usually gran- ular (■0008-'0012 in.) ■02-'03 m.m. long. {Sometimes when the endochrome is oleaginous, and not granular, the appearance of the sporidia is quite dif- ferent.— F.C. 2503. Valsa thelebola. Fr. " Tailed Alder Yalsa." Pulyiniform or conical, depressed or subtruncate ; asci oblong ; sporidia biseriate, amber-coloured, with a greenish tint or hya- line, slightly curved, obtuse at the extremities, commonly ciliate at each end, uniseptate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. p. 280, t. 48, /. 157-159. Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866),/. 8. Sphceria thelebola, Fr. S.M.ii. p. 408, no. 193. Sphceria ditissima, Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1856, iii.^A 117. Aglaospora thelebola, Tul. Carp. ii.p. 166, t.21,f. 1-18. On alder. Sept. Irstead, Norfolk. Unless care be exercised in the examination, the terminal cilia may be overlooked. 2n 2 836 sniiEEiACEi. Series 4. Euvalsa. Sporidia coloured, simple, or uniseptate. 2504. Valsa turgida. Fr, •* Brown disc Yalsa." Pustulate ; perithceia globose, nearly erect, close ; ostiola ob- tuse, convex, at length exserted from a minute narrow disc ; spo- ridia uniseriate, at first pale then dark opaque brown, elliptical, subacuminate. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 412. Cu?^r. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48,/. 139. S. turgida, Fr. S.M.ii. p. 400. Fries, exs. no. 262. Eng. Fl. v. p. 250, Wuestneia sphinctrina, Fchl. exs. no. 591. Anthostoma turgidwn, Nke, Pyr. Germ. \. p. 121. On branches of beech. [Mid. Carolina.] The branches on which it grows, and which it generally surrounds, are of a bright red-brown. The perithecia vary in size an din the number grouped together, which is from 3-8, their ostiola collected in an erumpent brown disc. Sporidia (-OOOS-'OOOi in.) -OO/e-'Ol m.m. 2505. Valsa convergens. Fr. " Convergent Valsa." Perithecia about six together, minute, ovate, circinating, con- verging, as well as the round, somewhat attenuated, erumpent ostiola; sporidia dark brown, subcymbiform, irregular, frequently constricted. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 411. Curr. Linn. I'rans. xxii. t. 48, /. 155. S. convergens, Tode. f. 111. Soio. t.374:,f. 6. Fr. S.M. u. p. 4.10. Eng.Fl.Y.p.262. On smooth bark (Platanus occidentalis). The perithecia are under the bark so as not to be seen above, except by the undulations of the bark. — F, C. 2506. Valsa pasrmulairia. Berk. " Triangular Valsa." Small, pustulieform ; perithecia circinating, laterally com- pressed ; ostiola scarcely distinct, umbonate ; asci linear ; spo- ridia broadly oblong, uniseptate, brown. — Berk. Hook. Journ, no. 308. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. it. 48,/. 163. On oak. King's Cliffe. Scarcely a line broad, forming little pustules with a black umbo ; peri- thecia circinating, closely packed, so as to present, when cut through, a tri- angle with one curved and two straight sides ; ostiola in general indistinct j asci linear, containing 8 brown broadly oblong uniseptate sporidia, like those of many DqAodice. This curious species has been known to me for some years, but has never been published in consequence of the doubt attached to its position, because of its growing on living bark Externally it is not unlike Sph. turgida. The perithecia vary from o-lO, always laterally compressed, so that a section re- minds one of the carpels of an orange. — M.J.B. SPH^RIACEl. 837 Series 5. Pseildovalsa. Sporidiamultiseptate, hyaline or coloured. 2507. Valsa detxusa. Fr. " Barberry Valsa." Conical ; stroma bright yellow, immersed in the wood, encir- cled above with a conceptaculum ; ostiola united, umbilicate ; sporidia biseriate, colourless ; endochrome quadripartite, elliptic. — Sph. detrusa, Fries exs. no. 6. Berk. Mag. Zool. c^* Bot. no. 18. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47, f. 117. Wiiestneia ceqaili?ieariformis, Fchl. exs. no. 588. Diaporthe detrusa, Fckl. Syni. Myc. p. 205. On dead barberry. Sporidia ("0006 in.) '015 m.m. long. Endochrome divided into four, some- times apparently into only two portions, elliptic, subobtuse or subacuminate. —F.C. 2508. Valsa platanoides. BerTi. " Sycamore Valsa." Perithecia circinating; disc irregular, obliterated by the crowded ostiola ; sporidia triseptate, or ap)parently so, sometimes mucro- nate. — *S'. 2)latanoi'7es, Pers. Syn. p. 45. S. stilbostoma, var. y. Eng. Fl. v.p 251. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^.48,/. 140 a. On sycamore. Considered by Fries a variety of V. stilbostoma. Sporidia (•OOIO-'OOU in.) •025-*028 m.m. long. 2509. Valsa tetratrupha. B. 4' Br. " Four-spored Valsa." Pustules minute ; perithecia ovate ; asci linear, sporidia four, fenestrate.— i?. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 852, 1. 10, f. 13. • On twigs of alder. Forming minute pustules whicli pierce the cuticle by means of the flat pallid disc, studded with black ostiola ; asci linear ; sporidia four (•00U9-'00l in.) •022-'025 m.m. long, yellow-brown, at first uni triseptate, at length fenes- trate. Fruit strongly resembling that of S. elongata.—B. d; Br. It is considered by some mycologists that the present species and Valsa fenestrata are not really distinct, but forms of the same species. 2510. Valsa fenestrata. B. tfc Br. " Fenestrate Valsa." Perithecia brown; ostiola obsolete ; sporidia elliptic-oblong, uni-triseptate, appendiculate at either end, fenestrate. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 853, 1. 10,/. 14. Fckl. exs. no. 1999. Fenestrella princeps, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 207 . Fckl. Sym. Myc. t. 6,f. 15. On dead oak twigs and alder. 838 srn.ERTACET. Peritheciaforniing little pnstnlea brownish ; disc narrow ; ostiola obsolete ; sporidia '002 in. long, elliptic-oblong, uniseptate with a small appendage at either extremity ; endochrome divided into innumerable cells, septum at length obsolete, and surfac'^^ of the sporidia granulated. In the plant on alder, s'f'Oridia (■0u2-*003 in.) "Oo-'Or tn.m. long. There are sometimes three eepta, and the appendages are more acute. — B. A; Br. 2511. Valsa profusa. Fr. " Locust tree Yalsa." Spermogoxia. — Spermatia, filiform, uncinate. Cytispora leu- co.yie)ma, Fr. exs. no. 156. MiCROSTYLospoREs lancGolate, continuous. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 159. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia globose, circumscribed with a variable black line, immersed in a broadly expanded subiculum ; ostiola slightly prominent, seated in a minute dirty- white disc ; sporidia 4-8, with a gelatinous envelope when young, becoming olive-brown, oblong elliptic, quadrilocular, apiculate. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 411. S, profusa, Fr. S.M. ii. j). 392. Fries, exs. no. 11. Moug. exs. no. 871 (partly) Eng. Fl. v. p. 249. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 47, /. 128. Aglaosporaprofnsa, Tul. Carp. n.p). 159. Fckl.exs. no. 583. On branches of Rohinia pseudacacia. Sporidia (•001--002 in.) •025--05 m.m. 2512. Valsa aglaeostoma. B.SfBr. " Small tufted Valsa." Perithecia ovate ; ostiola crowded, shining ; sporidia oblong, 4 septate, torulose. — B. 4'. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 862, t. 10,/. 17. On elm twigs. Leicestershire. Perithecia in groups of from 4 to 6, ovate ; ostiola 'crowded, cylindrical, shining ; pporidia oblong 4 septate, constricted at each septum (■0008-"001 in.) •02-"025m.m. long. Eesembling somewhat V. hypodermia, but differing essentially in the fruit and in other points.—^. S,- Br. 2513. Valsa Innesii. Curr. " Innes's Tailed Valsa." Perithecia irregularly globose; ostiola elongated, and fre- quently thickened at the apex; sporidia biseriate, colourless, thrice constricted, acute at either end, often appendiculate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii.j). 281, t. 48,/. 116. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 863. Fckl. exs. no. 1993. Diaporthe Innesii, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 204. Sporidia (•001-'0012 in.) •025--03 m.m. long. Externally much resembling T". pulchella, but smaller, and differing alto- gether in fructification from that species. SPH^RIACEI. 830 2514. Valsa vestita. Fr. '« Woolly Valsa." Spermogoxia. — Spermatia cylindrical, straiglit. AscoPHORE. — Circinating ; perithecia crowded, globose, covered at first with a dense, pallid, yellowish, sub-evanescent woolly down ; ostiola united ; sporidia elliptic, transversely and longitudinally septate. Curr. Phil. Trans. [1867), p. 5 46. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 48,/. 161. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 410. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 866. Thyridiinn vestitum, Fckl. On dead twigs (beech). Sporidia ('OOO^-'OOOS in.) •015--02 ra.m. long. '}>lv. Currey believes that the woolly covering produces as macrostylospores a species of Stejanosporium. 2515. Valsa hapalocystis. B.S^Br, " Velvety Yalsa." Scattered, covered ; perithecia subglobose, delicate, minutely tomentose, neck oblique, constricted below, shortly fusiform ; sporidia oblong-elliptic, appendiculate at either end, biseptate. — • B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H.no. 615, f. 10,/. 12. Cooke exs. no. 253 (sub Sphcerici). Calospora hapalocystis, FcH. Si/m. Mtjc. p. 191. Hap- alocystis BerJcelaei, Fckl. exs. no. 585. On dead plane twigs. Batheaston. The perithecia are peculiarly delicate, and not so decidedly tomentose as in V. vestita. D. Sphcsriei, Csespitose — _ Perithecia carbonaceous, erumpent . . . Cucurhitai-ia, Perithecia waxy, astomous .... Gibbera. Scattered — Perithecia immersed, sporidia oozing out and staining the matrix ..... Massaria. Perithecia erumpent. Ostiola large, compressed Lophiostoma. Perithecia carbonaceous, pierced . . . Sphceria. Perithecia membranaceous, innate . . . Sphcerella. Perithecia fragile, hairy, superficial . . Veaturia. Perithecia sclerotioid Pyrenophora. Perithecia membranaceous, rostrate, sporidia oozing at the ostiolum .... Ceratostoma. Perithecia membranaceous, scutiform . . Microthyrixtm. Perithecia astomous, reticulated. Sporidia sub- globose Orbicula. Perithecia mouthless, then pierced. Parasitic Stigmatea. Perithecia astomous, concealed, at length split- ting Hypospila. Perithecia obsolete ; nucleus immersed . . Isothea. Perithecia elliptic, bursting longitudinally . Dichaeaa. Perithecia elongated, often fringed at the mouth. Parasitic Capnodium. 840 Srn^RTACEI. Gen. 352. CUCURBITARIA, Gray. Cfespitose, erumpent ; perithecia globose, dcprcssGcl, or minutely pa- pillate ; sporidia plurilocular, and cellular, or two to four celled and hyaline. — Tul. Carp. \\. p. 214. (Fig. 389.) 2516. Cucuxbitaria laburni. De Not. " Laburnum Cucur- bitaria." AscoPHORE. — Ceespitose ; stroma subcompact ; perithecia globose, rugulose, black ; ostiola papillie- form ; sporidia multicellular, dark 215, ^ 27. De Not. Soc. Critt. Ital. (1863), iv. p. 214. Fckl.exs. no. 965. Sphceria laburni, Pers. Syn.p. 50. Nees.f. 325. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 413. Fries, exs. no. 34. Movg.exs. no. 873. Eng. Fl. v. p. 253. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. i. 49,/. 179. On dead branches of laburnum. {Fig. 389.^ Fig. 359. brown. — Tul. Carp. ii. p 2517. Cucuxbitaxia elongata. bitaria." Grev. " Elongated Cucur- MacPwOStylospores ovate or ovate-oblong, 3-5 septate, dark. MicROSTYLOspoRES linear ovate, simple. AscoPHORE. — Black ; stroma very long, ambient, effused ; perithecia at first immersed, then erumpent, subcasspitose, glo- bose, marked with a depressed ring round the papillgeform os- tiola ; sporidia dark brown, constricted in the middle, multicel- lular.— Grev. t. 195. Fckl. exs.no. 970. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 217. Jtabh. exs. no. 121 . Sphceria elongata, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 422. Fries. exs. no. 33. Moug. exs. no. 875. Eng. Fl. y.p. 255. On dead laburnum, Rohinia, &c. [United States.] 2518. Cucuxbitaria spaxtii. I)e Not. " Broom Cucurbitaria." AscoPHORE. — Black; stroma covered, ambient, effused; peri- thecia erumpent, ovate, aggregated and confluent ; ostiola obtuse ; sporidia uniseriate, dark brown, constricted in the middle, acu- minate, multicellular. — De Not. Schema p. 40. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 21^. Fckl. exs. no. 974. Sphceria Spartii, Fries, exs. no. 234. Schm. SPH^EIACEI. 841 exs. no. 178. Moug. exs. no. 664. Fr. S.Jf. n.p. 424. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49,/. 189. Cooke exs. no. 388. On dead broom. Always covered with the barb when young, then erumpent ; ostiola trun- cate, at length pierced, perforating the cuticle. Mr. Currey (Micro. Journ. vii. p. 234) says that this is identical with S. elongata, Fr. Sporidia (■0011- •0012 in.) •025--03 m.m. long. 2519. Cucuzbitaxia acervata. Be-Not. " Top-shaped Cucur- bitaria." AscoPHORE. — CfEspitose ; perithecia turbinate, nearly even, astomous, black, collapsing, and cup-shaped ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, hyaline, curved. — DeNot. Scliemap.'iO. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 218. Fckl. exs. no. 2169. Spliceria acervata, Fr. S.JI. ii. p. 416. Bei'k. exs.no. 174. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49,/. 184. On a dead apple tree. Apethorpe. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia (*0003--0005 in.) •00"6--0127 m.m. long. 2520. Cucurbitaria berberidis. Gray. " Barberry Cucur- bitaria." Spermogonia. — Spermatia minute, cylindrical. AscoPHORE. — C^spitose ; perithecia globose, mouthless, at first red, then red-bro^vn, at length rimoso-rugose, black ; spo- idia uniseriate, yellow then brown, constricted in the middle, acu- minate, multicellular, muricated. — Grev. t. 84. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 219. Sphceriaherheridis, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 415. Fries.exs.no. 85. Moug. exs. no. 874. Fr. Ohs. i. t. 4:,f. 3. Fng. Fl.Y.p. 254. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49,/. 177. On dead branches of barberry. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia (•0011--0016 in.)-025 -035 m.m. 2521. Cucuxbitaria macrospora. T2d. " Large spored Cucurbitaria." CoxiDiA. — Disc slightly depressed ; conidia fusiform, 7-12 septate, pellucid above, greatly elongated and curved back. — Coryneum macrosporum, Berk. Fag. Fl. v. p. 355. Rahh. F.E. no. 75. Sporidesmiura vermiforme^ Fres. ii. t. 6,f. 56-58. (See no 1393, ante.) AscoPHORE. — Perithecia opaque, rather rough ; ostiola at length pierced ; asci clavate ; sporidia large, shortly fusiform, dark-brown, ultimately triseptate.— Tw/. Carp. ii. p. 221, t. 26./. 2n 5 842 SPH^EIACEI. 0-14. Fclcl. exs. vo. 2047. MeJogramma oJigosporum^ B. ^ Br. Ann. N.IT. no. 895, t. xi,/. 38. Spha^riamacrospora, Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. f 1 848), p. 350. Besm. exs. no. 175G. Ciirr. Micr. Journ. (1859), Melanconis macrospora, Tvl. Ann. Sc. Nat. t. ix./. 19. iv. ?. 5, /). 110. On dead bark. Twycross. Formins^ roundish patches bursting through the cuticle ; perithecia opaque, rather rough; asci clavate ; sporidia shortly fusiform ("0022 in.) 'Oti m.m. lone, at first surrounded by a hyaline border, changing from uniseptate to triseptate; dissepiments, especially the central one, constricted. — B.d; Br. 2522. Cucurbitaria naucosa. F'ckl. " Elm Cucurbitaria." Pycnidia. — Diplodia melaena, Lev. Rabh. F.E. 348. Fckl. exs. 542. Macrostylospores. — One to four septate, muriform. — Fckl. exs. no. 92. AscoPHORE. — Cfespitose ; perithecia collected in Leaps, glo- bose, even, broTvnish-black, astomous ; asci clavate ; sporidia ob- ovate, multicellular. — FcJd. Sym. Myc. p. 173. Fckl. exs. no. 2042. Sphceria naucosa, Fr. S.M.ii. p. 516. Kunze. M.H.u. p. 36. B. ^' Br. Ann.N.H.no. 974, ^ 17,/. 27. On elm. Jan. Batheaston. Sporidia -with vertical f nd transverse septa ("001 in.) '025 m.m. long. The perithecia when old are almost black, the ostiola obsolete, the surfacesmooth and shining, with generally a single fissure at the apex. — B. ^ Br. 2523. Cucurbitaria populina. Fr. " Poplar Cucurbitaria." Cffispitose ; stroma compact ; perithecia ovate, even, black ; ostiola papillfeform ; asci cylindrical, stipitate ; sporidia uniseri- ate, uniseptate, pale brown. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 390. Sphcrria popu- lina, Pers. Ohs. ii. t. 5,/. 10, 11. Fr. S.M. \\.p. 413. Fckl. exs. no. 966. Berk. 3Iag. Zool. 4' Bot.no. 96, wZ. ii. t. 7 a-c. Otthiapopv- liria,Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 170. On ash. 2524. Cucurbitaria cupularis. Fr, " Cup-like Cucurbitaria." Caespitose ; perithecia globose, rugulose, mouthless, black, col- lapsing, and then cup-shaped; asci cylindrical, stipitate ; sporidia biseriate, cylindrical, curved, obtuse, hyaline. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 391. Fckl. exs no. 968. Sphceria cupularis, Pers. Syn. t, 1, f. 9, 10. Fr. SPH^RTACEI. 843 S.MAI p. 416. Fries, exs. no. 231. Moug.exs.no. 111. Eng. FL r.p. 254. Nitschkia Fuchelii, Nke. FcJcL Sym. Myc. p. 165, t. 3, /• ^* On dead branches QDlum, elm, &c.). Gen. 353. GIBBERA, Fr. C^espitose ; perithecia between waxy ^' and horny, acnleolate, astomous ; spo- ridia translucid.— i^r. S.V.S. p. 402. Cooke Brit. Fungi, p). 158. (Fig. 390.) 2525. Gibbera vaccinii. " Cowberry Gibbera.'" Fr. Cfespitose, superficially innate ; peri- thecia subglobose, mouthless, jet black, at first yillous, then naked ; sporidia uuiseriate, nearly colourless, almost almond-shaped, slightly constricted, Fig. 390. uniseptate. — De Not. Sfer. Ital. t. 93. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 58, /. 49. Sph. Vaccinii, Soic. t. SlS.f. 1. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 4.09. Fi^ies exs, no. 51. Fng. FL v. p. 254. Jloug. exs. no. 665. On living branches of Vaccinium Vitis-idcea. Disposed in roundish tufts whicli generally become confluent, and form longitudinal, irregular masses immediately beneath the bunch of leaves. — M.J.B. Sporidia ('0006 in.) '015 m.m. long. (Fig. 390.) 2526. Gibbera Saubinetii. Jlont. " Herb Gibbera." Emergent ; perithecia solitary or aggregated on a bro^vn stroma, globose, rugulose, at length collapsed and umbilicate ; asci diffiuent; sporidia fusiform, hyaline. Innately curyed, 3-5 septate. — Jlont. Syll.p. 252. B. cj-Br. Ann. N.H. no. 868. Mont. FL.Alg.p.M^. On herbaceous stems and elm twigs. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] This has the violet walls oi N. pnUca/ris, but the fruit is much larger, that on elm may be considered as a variety with ovate perithecia and rather larga sporidia (-0012 in. long) and rather torulose. The sporidia of the tjpicalf-jrm are ("001 in.) 025 m.m. long. Gibbera pulicaeis, Fr. — See Nectria pulicaris. 844 sph:eriacei. Gen. 354. IVIASSARIA, De Not. Perithecia coriaceous or sub- carbonaceous, immersed, with an erumpentostiolum; sporidia large, septate, sometimes simple, involved in mucus (or with a thick hyaline epispore) oozing out, and usually staining the matrix. — Berk. Outl. p. 402. Tul. Carp. ii. p. 223. Fig. 391. Sporidia septate. 2527. Massazia siparia. Tul. " Woolly Massaria-" Pygxidia. — Perithecia sub-solitary, lenticular ; stylospores ob- clavate, fasciculate, 3-5 septate, brown, terminal cell hyaline. — Prostherniurii betulinum, Kze. M.H. \.t. \.f. 10, Fr. S.M.iii. p. 484. Eng. Fl. v. p. 297. Curr. Phil. Trans, cxlvii. t. 26,/. 30, 31. Corda. Ic. iii./. 67. AscoPHORE. — Covered, scattered ; perithecia large, depressed, woolly ; ostiola obtuse, very short ; asci clavate, large ; sporidia brown, oblong, cymbifomi, cellular, involved in mucus. — Tul. Caiy. u.p. 232. Sphoeria siparia, B. 8f Br. Ann. N.H. no. 625, t. 9,/. 8. Rahh. F.E. no. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii t. 58,/. 98. FcTcl. exs. no. 2011. Fckl. Sym. Myc. t. 6,f. 5. On birch. Feb. The -Derithecia are clothed vnth a more or less dense ferruginous wool, de- pressed, covered by the cuticle. Sporidia (■002-"0024 in.) •0o-*06 m.ra. long. 2528. IVIassazia azgus. Tul. " Eyed Massaria." Pycnidia. — Globose, densely clothed with white or cinereous flocci ; stylospores large, on septate peduncles, at length oblong- elliptic, multilocular, at first with a gelatinous envelope, oozing out and forming a black mass. — Hendersonia polycystis, B. ^. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 415. Rahh. F.E. no. 264. Myxocycluscon- Jiuens, Fres. Beitr. t. 7,/. 41-45. AscoPHORE. — Covered; perithecia large, depressed, collapsed, SPH^RIACEl. 845 opaque ; asci large, clavate ; sporiclia biseriate, oblong, sliglitly curved, ocellate, 5-6 septate, inyolyed in mucus. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 221. Sp)hcer{a arguSjB. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 626, t. 9,/. 9. Curr.Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 58, /. 95. Fres. Beitr. t. 7, /. 7-17. Babh. exs.no. 26d. On dry birch twigs. The Hendersonia referred to this species by Tulasne is referred by Currey to Diatrypelanciforrais, Fr. (See p. 436, ante.) Entirely concealed by the cuticle, scattered; perithecia depressed collapsed, dall, as if very minutely palvernlent ; ostiolum minute ; asci clavate, large ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, slightly curved when seen laterally, at first con- sisting of two joints ; these soon acquire seven endochromes, of which four belong to the larger division, at a later period they become much darker, and true septa are formed varying in number from five to six. Till they ac- quire this dark tint they have a thick pellucid gelatinous coat. — B. 4" -Br. Sporidia •002--0024. 2529. Massaxia foedans. Fr. " Flask-spored Massaria." AscoPHORE. — Scattered; perithecia immersed, depresso-glo- bose ; ostiolum papillfeform ; sporidia biseriate, brown, biseptate, lageniform, apicular cell lighter coloured, with a gelatinous coat. Fr. S. V.S. Fckl. Sym. Myc. t. 6, /. 4. Fckl. exs. no. 2009. Sph. fcBflans. Fr. S.M. Corda. Sturm, t. 54. *S'. amhiyosjwra, B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 627,^.10,/. 10. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59,/. 99. On dead branches of elm. Scattered, scarcely visible externally ; asci large, clavate, paraphyses flex- uous ; sporidia large, at first hyaline, consisting of two subconical articula- tions placed base to base, one of these gradually increases in diameter and becomes very obtuse, a septum is then formed at the base of the smaller ar- ticulation, and sometimes, though rarely, there is a third septum in the other c^'lls. In every stage, except in extreme age, when ejected they have a gelatinous coat. Distinguished from M. inquiruuis by the peculiar form of the sporidia, and especially in their mode of formation.— B. q Br. 2530. Massaria pupula. Txil. " Clear-spored Massaria " Pycnidia. — Stegonosporiwn pyriforme, Corda Ic. iii./. 61. AscoPHORE. — Scattered; perithecia covered, orbicular, con- centrically striate, black ; orifice when stripped of the epidermis whitish ; papilla yellowish; sporidia oblong, straight, rarely curved, obtuse, divided by a septum into two unequal parts — the upper trilocular, the lower bilocular. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 225. FcU. exs. no. 2010. Fchl. Sym. Myc. t. 6,/. 2. Sph. pujmla, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 484. Fries, exs. no. 16, 317. Hercospora pup>ula^ Berk. OutLpA02. 846 SPHfcTlIACEI. On PJuIadcIphis coronarius. Apetliorpe. The papilla is blackish, bursting the epidermis longituclinally and fre- quently itself loncritndinal.--3/./.5. Sporidia •04m.m. ("0015 in.) long, "016 m.m. ("0005 in.) broad. 2531. Massaria inquinana. Tode, " Large -spored Massaria ." Pycnidia. — Solitary ; microstylospores whitisli, narrowly OTate-oblong, or cylindrical, obtuse, straight, simple. AscoPHORE. — Gregarious ; perithecia immersed, globose, even, smooth, covered with the epidermis ; papilla erumpent, black ; sporidia ovate-oblong, dark brown, triseptate, large, in- volved in mucus. — CooJce exs. no. 258. Fckl. Sym. Myc. t. 6,/. 7. Fckl. exs. no. 80.3. Berk. Outl. p. 402. Massaria Bulliardi, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 236. Sphceria inquinaas, Tode.f. 85. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 456. Nees.f. 356. Eng. Fl. v. p. 269. S. ellipsosperma, Sow. t. 272,/. 3. Varwlaria, Bull. t. 492, /. 3. Sphceria gigaspora, Desm. Berk. Outl. p. Z^^. Curr. Linn. Tra?z5. xxii. ^?. 326, ?. 59, y. 100. Cooke exs. no. 2ol . SphcBria Corni. Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat. i.p.MO.t. 13,/. 6. On branches of sycamore, maple, birch, cornel, &c. By an error Stillospora maxrosperma, B. & Br. is referred to this species at p. 468. (See no. 1391 ante), instead of Melanconis Berkehii, Tul. no. 2457. 2532. Massaria bufonia. Tul. " Oak Massaria." Scattered ; perithecia globose, rather depressed ; ostiola short, perforating the bark ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia dark brown, uniseriate, oblong, uniseptate, involved in mucus. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 237. Spha^ria hufonia. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 629, t. 10,/. 13. Curr. Linn. T?-ans.xxn. t. 59,/. 102. On small dead branches of oak. Easton. Scattered over the branches, which are rough with the little penetrating ostiola. Perithecia globose, slightly depressed ; ostiolum central, papil- Iseform, with scarcely any neck. Asci cylindrical, containing a single row of oblong uniseptate sporidia, which have a thick gelatinous coat, which ulti- mately vanishes. — B. d' Br. Sporidia (•OOOS-'OOll in.) •02--025 m.m. long. 2533. Massaria eburnea. 2rd. " Pale-spored Massaria." Pycnidia. — Large, depressed, covered with the cuticle ; sty- lospores cylindrical, oblong, with 7 or 8 endochromes, hyaline, oozing- out in an irregular mass. — Septoria princeps, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. ("1861;, vii. ;). 380, M5./ 1 1 . 8PH^RIAC"E1. 847 ' AscoPHORE, — Hypodermal, pnlrinifonn or conical, depressed or subtruncate ; perithecia circinating, ^vith long necks ; asci large, obovate-cylindrical, obtuse, 8-spored ; sporidia elliptical or broadly ovate, quadrilociilar, constricted at the joints, obtuse, smooth and pallid. — TuL Carp. ii. ^. 239, t. 25,/. 5-9. Cooke Seem. Journ.t. 45,/. 9. FcJd. Sym. Myc.t. 6,/. 8. FcJcl.exs.no. 2158. Cooke exs. no. 371. SphcEria pupida, var. minor, Desni. exs. (1851), no. 1764. Ann. Sc. Xat. (1852), xviii. p. 362. On beech. Shere. January, 1866 (Dr. E. Capron). {Fig. 391.) 2534. Massaria Currei. Tul. " Currey's Lime Massaria." Pycxidia. — Mixed with the ascophores ; stylospores broadly ovate, unilocular. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia black, acutely papillate ; sporidia biseriate, dark brown, lageniform, uniseptate, with a gelatinous coat. — Till. Car/), ii.y). 231. SpJiceria Tilicp, Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. t. b9,f. 104. On lime. " It 13 not uncommon, and cannot be mistaten for any other if attention be paid to its fruit, and to its growing upon lime." — F.C. 2535. Massaria holoschista. TuL " Biconic Massaria." Pycnidia. — Sublentiform, black, covered ; stylospores brown, 12-20 connate, in a stellate manner, at length ejected in tendiils. Prosthemium sfellare, Heiss. Bot. Zeit. 1853, t. 3,/ 28-31. B. ^- Br. Ann. X.H. no. 939, t. 15,/ 10. (See also fig. 173, ante.) AscoPHORE. —Perithecia greenish-black, at length collapsed, surrounded by whitish flocci; sporidia biconical, mucous; septum passing through the gelatine. — Tul. Carp. ii. p. 234. SphcBria holoschista^ B. ^- Br. Ann. X.H. no. 977, t. 17,/. 30. On alder. West of England. Perithecia blackish- ^een, collapsed, and then looking like a Peziza sur- rounded by whitish hairs. Sporidia surrounded by gelatine, biconical, uni- septate, constricted at the septum, which passes completely through the mucous envelope, length when the gelatine Las been absorbed COOlo-'OOlS in.) -03- 04 m.m. long.— -B. d:Br. ** Sporidia si-m])\e=Hypocopra. 2536. Ittassaria fimeti. Fr. " Dung Massaria." Spermatia cylindrical, straight, hyaline, simple. AscoPHORE. — Crust-like, immersed, black; perithecia oblong, 848 SPH^KIACEI. at length connate ; ostlola elongated, conical, emergent ; asci cylindrical; sporidia uniseriate,- ovate-oblong, simple, opaque, nearly hlack.—Sph. fimeti, Pers. Sijn. p. 64. Fr. S.M. \\,p. 373. Fries, exs. no. 2G9. Eng. FI.y. p.2^Q,. Hypocopra fimeti, Fchl. Sym.M?/c.p.24:0. Fckl.exs.no. 1001. Sphceria equina, FcU. exs. no. 1802. On horse and cow dung. Appin. [Mid. Carolina.] Gen. 355. I.OPHIOSTOMA, De Not. Perithecia carbonaceous, erum- pent ; ostiolum large, compressed . Sporidia two or many celled, coloured or hyaline. {Fig. 392). Fig. 392. 2537. Lopliiostoma xnacrostoxna. Lophiostoma." Fr. " Large-mouthed Perithecia scattered, at first immersed, at length emergent, black ; ostiolum compressed, labiate ; sporidia uniseriate, yellow, then brown, 7-septate, the last joint at each extremity small and colourless. — De Not. Schema, p. 45. Cooke Trans. Bot. Ed. t. 6,/. 1. Sphceina macrostoma, Tode. f. 76, 77. Fr. Sys. Myc. vol.ii.p. 469.. Fries, exs. no. 345. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 881. Desm. exs. no. 772. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^. 321,pZ. Iviii.^^. 65 ? Fckl. exs.no. 923. On bark of sycamore and on holly twigs. Sporidia ('0014 in.) "035 m.m. long. Mr. Currey's measurement is '0010- '0012 in. long. Messrs. Berkeley & Broome's description of the sporidia is " '0008 in. long, oblong torulose, triseptate, very like those of S. Asj^er/reriii." My specimens accord with those published by Desmazieres and Fuckel. The sporidia figured by Mr. Currey (fig. 65) appear to belong to the present species. 2538. Lophiostoma bicuspidata. Cooke. " Two -horned Lophiostoma." Perithecia scattered, black, immersed, eleyating and pushing through the matrix with their narrow elongated ostiola ; asci clavate ;• sporidia biseriate, 5 septate, with occasional transverse septa, constricted, brown, each extremity at first furnished with a hyaline beak bent at both ends in the same direction, so as to SPH^RIACEI. 849 give a curved appearance to the sporidla. — Cooke Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. vol. ix. t. 6, f. 4. Sphceria macrostoma, Curr. Linn. Titans. xxii. p. 321, pi. Iviii./. 64? On decorticated twigs. Oct. Shere, Surrey. var. p* Sporidia larger (-0012 in.) -03 m.m. long, Tntli no transverse septa; otherwise identical. On dead Clematis vitalba. April. Shere. This species is very distinct from Sphceria macrostoma, Tode. It is possible that Mr. Carrey's fig. 64 may belong to it. Externally there is considerable resemblance, except that the perithecia are smaller. The sporidia are ('0009 ill.) '0228 m.m. long, and in var, (S. ('0012 in.) '03 m.m. long. 2339. Iiophiostoma viridaria. Cooke. *' Green-spot Lophiostoma." Perithecia scattered over conspicuous green spots an inch or more in length, semi-immersed, black ; ostiolum, linear, asci cy- lindrical ; sporidia uniseriate^ triseptate, attenuated towards each extremity, constricted at the septa, brown, with a large nucleus in each cell. When free the sporidia exhibit a distinct outer transparent membrane which invests them. — Cooke Trans. Bot. Ed. vol. ix.t.6,f.2. On decorticated twigs of Maple. Jan. Shere, Surrey. The conspicuous green patches on which the perithecia are usually found resemble those caused by the mycelium of Eelotium ceruginosum, indeed, it is not improbable that the latter originates the patches upon which, the Splueria locates itself. Hitherto the green patches and the perithecia have always been f'lund associated. The perithecia are larger and more prominent than in Lo- yjhiostoriiahirAi.S2ndata, and both are very distinct from S. macrostoma, Tode, in their fructification, although somewhat resembling small forms of it in ex- ternal appearance. The fruit much resembles that of some species of Mas- saria. Length of sporidia ('0014 in.) "035 m.m. 2540. Lophiostoma nucula. Fr. " Oak-bark Lophiostoma." Sub-gregarious, black ; perithecia minute, innate, superficial, ovate, even at first papillary, then pierced ; sporidia uniseriate, oblong, obtuse, triseptate, constricted at the centre, hyaline. — De Not. Schema, p. 46. Sphceria nucula, Fr. Sym.Myc. vol. ii. p. 466. Fries, exs. no. 230. Berk. Eng. Fl. vol. Y.p. 2, p. 2QQ. Fckl. exs. no. 2168. On oak bark. The figure given in Trans, Bot. Ed. t. 6, f. 7 belongs to Lojyhiostoma, grega- rium, Fckl. exs. no. 929, and not to this species, to which Fuckel at first re- ferred it. (See Sym. Myc p. 158.) 850 SPH^EIACEI. 2341. Xiophiostoma iibxitecta. BerTt, " Bleached Larch Lophiostoma." Scatiered, minute, black, often slightly elongated, depressed ; ostiolum sometimes quite obsolete, but frequently present, and varying from punctiform to linear; asci clavate, varying greatly in length, paraphyses slender ; sporidia curved, subfusiform, yel- low-brown, quinque-septate. — Tte Not. Schema, p. 46. Cooke Trans. Bot. Ed. vol, ix. Spliceriafihritecta, Berk, in Hook. Journ.'- 1853,;?. 43. B. ^- Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. no. Ill, Berk. Outl.-p. 397. On bleached larch planks. Dec. King's Cliffe. Sporidia "04 m.m. long. " The perithecia are rather larger than those of the other fungi commonly present in similar situations. The contents are white. Nothingcan be more variable than the ostiola of this species. Even in extreme cases it is entitled only to a place amongst the Platystonueivova. affinity rather than from wellde- fined characters." — Berkeley. 2542. Lophiostoma angustilabra. B.&Br. " Gorse Lophiostoma." Perithecia half-immersed, rugulose, somewhat elongated ; os- tiolum compressed, narrow ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, fusi- form, curved, uniseptate, constricted at the septum, each articu- lation containing from two to three nuclei, and terminating in a hyaline point. — Cooke Trans. Bot. Ed. t. 6, /. 3. Sphceria angus- tilabra, B. ^. Br. Ann.N.H. no. 881, t. xi./. 27. On gorse. Leicestershire — Shere, Surrey. Sporidia (•0015--0016 in.) •04--043 m.m. long. " Differing from ;S^. excipulifonnis in the structure of the spores, which are possibly at length multisL^ptate ; but if so, they are at first composed of two very elongated cones opposed to each other at their bases, and strongly con- Btricted at the commissure."— B. ,f. 10. Sphceria excipuliformis, Fr. Obs. t. 4,/. 5. Fr. exs. no. 88. Fr. Syst. Myc. vol. ii. p. 469. Berk. Eng. Fl. vol. Y.p. 266. B. i|' Br. Ann. N.H. no. (880). On bark, dead wood, and furze. King's Clifife, &c. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ('0012 in.) '03 m.m. long. The Rev. M. J. Berkeley says that the typical form published by Fries in Schromiicefes Suecice has sporidia of precisely the same shape, but twice as long, and that he finds them sometimes "0028 in. long. *' It is distinguished from the other wide-mouthed species by its short cylindric neck." 2545. Lophiostoma Jerdoni. B.S)'Br. " Jerdon's Lophiostoma." Perithecia scattered or slightly crowded, sub-globose, with narrow linear ostiola ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate (-0012- •00125 in.) -03 to -033 m.m. long, strongly constricted in the centre, as also each of the two bi-tri-niicleate joints. — Cooke Trans. Bot. Ed. ix. t. 6, /. 5. Sphceria Jerdoni, Berk. ^ Br. Ann. N. H. no. 975, t. xvii./. 28. On Rubiis idceus and on elm. Sporidia (•00r2.'00l25 in.) •03--033 m.m. long. 2546. Lophiostoma caulium. De Not. "Herbaceous Lophiostoma." Perithecia immersed, globoso-elliptic, black ; ostiolum naked, elliptic or linear ; asci clavate ; sporidia crowded, or bisenate, fusiform, attenuated, straight or curved, 7-septate, with a greenish tint. — Seriacei italici, no. 70. Micro. Ital. viii. cum icone. Cooke Trans. Bot. Edin. t. 6,f.6. Lophiostoma herbarum, Fr. V.A.H. 1818, p. 114. Sphceria caulium, Fr. Sys. Myc. vol. ii. p. 510. Fries exs. no. 465. Desm. Ann. and Sc. Nat. xv. 1. 14,/. 2, a. Berk. 4" Br. Ann. N.H. no. 982. Fckl. exs. no. 927. On dead stems of Epilobium hirsutum, &c. Sporidia ('0015 in.) "04 m.m, long. 852 SPH^RIACEI. 2547. Lophiostoxna axundinis. De Not. "Reed Lophiostoma," Perithecia covered, sub-erumpent, globose, rugulose, black ; ostioliim tbick, naked, compressed, labiate ; sporidia biseriate, yellowisb, 3-5 septate, sligbtly curved, pointed at each extremity. — Schema di Class, p. 46, Cooke Trans. Bot. Edin. t. 6, f. 9. Spliceria amndinis, Fr. Sys. Myc. vol. \\.p. 510. B. ^ Br. Ann. Nat. Hist.no. 639,27. Kunze. exs.no. ho. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii.;?. 330, pZ. lix./. 124. Rahh. exs. no. 647. Berh. Outl. Fung, p. 397. Berk. exs. no. 87. Fckl. exs. no. 926. On reeds and grasses. [Low. Carolina.] " The spores are at first uniseptate, and the contents of the two portions are then divided into two or three endochromes, in which respect there is an essential difference between this species and all forms of SjjhcBriaculraifraga." • — Berk. " Sporidia fnsoidea 4-6 locularia, saepe curvula fuliginea."— Z)e Notaris. (PI. vi. fig. 9, with free sporidia.) 234:8. Ziophiostozna seznilibera. De Not. " Half-free Lophiostoma." Scattered ; peritbecia minute, ovate-elliptical, semi-immersed, black, shining ; ostiolum compressed, cristate ; asci clavate ; sporidia fusiform, straight, or curved, acute at each extremity, quinque-septate. — Schema di Class, p. 46. CookeTrans. Bot. Edin. vol. ix. Sphwria semilihera, Desm. exs. no. 1787. Ann. So. Nat. ser. in. vol. yi.j). 78, 1846. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 641. Fckl. exs. no. 1705. On the culms of reeds and grasses. Sporidia (-OSS-'OS) m.m. long. Found by Desmazieres on Bromus syhaticus, and it occurs also on Dactylis glomerjxto. and Triticum sativum. The form on reeds is proportionately larger than on the smaller grasses. Gen. 356. SFK.3:RIA, Hall. Perithecia black, carbonaceous, pierced at the apex, mostly papillate, superficial or erumpent, without any stroma ; sporidia simple or septate, hyaline, or coloured, variable. {Eig. 393.) Series A. Perithecia free .... Superficiales. B. Perithecia covered, then erumpent and naked .... Ervmpentes. C, Perithecia at first innate, then erum- pent above . , • . • Subtectce, SPH^EIACEI. 853 Fig. 393. A. SUPERFICIALES. Simple. Peritlieoia bicorticate, seated on an effused villous sub- iculum, or superficially on the flat- tened matrix, free, at first veiled. — Fr.S.M.u.p.d21. a. Byssisedoe. Peritbecia smooth, seated on a tomentose subiculum. — Fr. S.M. ii. i5. 322. 2549. * Sporidia coloured, simple. Sphaeria thelena. Fr. " Large nestling Sphajria." Peritbecia confluent, globose, thin, papillate, brown-black, emerging from a purplish evanescent subiculum ; sporidia black- brown, opaque, elliptical or slightly curved. — F7\ S.M. ii.p. 441. Fries, exs.no. 4,^. Curr. Linn. Titans, xxii. t. 67, f. S. S. aquila, Eng.Fl.Y. 2^.2d^. On decayed wood. Appin. Subiculum dense, interwoven, superficial, loosely adherent, indeterminate ; perithecia large, even, smooth, wholly emerging from the subiculum, at length confluent, and the subiculum is totally obliterated. Sporidia sometimes with a large nucleus ('0009 in.) '022 m.m. 2550. Sphaeria aquila. Fr. " Brown nestling Spharia." CoNiDiA. — Forming a thickened effused subiculum ; flocci brown; conidiasubglobose, minute. — Alytosporiumfuscum, Link. s/). i.|;. 23. Sporotrichumfuscum^Lk.Ohs. i.j). 35. Fckl. exs.no. 139. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia gregarious, globose, firm, papillate, brown black, emerging from a persistent brown, tomentose, sub- iculum; sporidia dark brown, almost opaque, almond-shaped or subcymbiform, or oblong. — Cooke exs. no. 270. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 442. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 180. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 57,/. 4. Moiig. exs. no. 965. Schm. exs.no.b8. Tode.f. 70. S. byssis- eda, Eng. Fl. \.p. 260. Rosellinia aquila, Tul. Carp. ii. /?. 250, t, 33,/. 1-6. Fckl. exs. no. 963. Be Not. Sfer.Ital. t. v./. 18. On rotten sticks. Common. [United States.] Sporidia COOOG-'OOOS in.) •015--02 m.m. i,Fig. 393.) 854 SPH^EIACEl. 2551. Sphaezia Desxnaziexii. B. S) Br. " Desmazieres' Sph^ria." Subiculiim very "widely effused, tomentose ; peritliecia large, nestling, globose, here and there confluent, somewhat scabrous ; ostiola papilla?form ; asci elongated ; sporidia elongated-cymbi- form, 6-7 nucleate, brown. — B. 4' Br. Ann, N.H. no. 618, t. 9,/. 1. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. bl ,f. 2. . On the ground in woods. Aug. — Oct. Spreading widely over the ground, fallen leaves, etc., and covering them with a mouse-coloured tomentose subiculum which consists of somewhat branched anastomosing threads, tips often subdivided, forming little racemes, surmounted by oblong conidia. Perithecia large, half immersed in the subi- culum, which in age acquires a darker hue, somewhat scabrous, dull pitchy black, or plumbaginous, globose, with a central papillseform cstiolumj asci elongated, clavate ; inner membranC} furnished with an oblong process at the tip ; sporidia large, cymbiform, elongated, subacuminate, at first hyaline, with two or three variously sized globules, at lengch dark brown, containing six or seven globose nuclei. — B. SBr. Sporidia ("0013 in.) '03 m.m. ** Sporidia coloured, septate. 2552. Sphaeria phaeostioma. Mont. " Large-spored Ground Spbteria." CoNiDiA. — Apical on the threads of the subiculum, oblong, bi- septate, dark-brown. — Fchl. Sym.Myc.p. 166. AscopHORE. — Perithecia gregarious, crowded, subovoid, black, rugulose, semi-immersed in a thick, blackish-brown subiculum ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia cylindrical, slightly curved, triseptatc, colourless at each end, clear brown in the middle. — Mont. Syll.p. 226. D. R. 4- M. Fl. Alg. t. 26, /. 2. B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H.no. 605. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. bl ,f. 12. S. tristis, var Q. Eng. Fl. v. jo. 260. C/ia^tosphceria 2^hceostro?Jia)FckL St/ni, Myc. p. 166, t. 2, /. 40. Rabh. F.E. no. 51. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia (•0014--0016)-035- 04 m.m. 2553. Sphaeria racodiuxn. Fr. " Brittle nestling Sphteria." Perithecia subglobose, rugulose, hairy, black, papillary, emerg- ing from a broad, black, tomentose subiculum ; sporidia biseriate, pale brown. 7-septate. — Fr. S.M.ii.p). 449. Fries, exs.no, 310. Eng. Fl. v. p. 261. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. bl ,f. 15. Berh. exs. 720.283. Lasiosphceriaracodium, FcJd. Syni. Myc. p. 147. Fckl. exs. no. 951. SPH^EIACEI, 855 On decaying wood. Common. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Scattered or densely gregarious, brittle, the base immersed in the matrix, subiculum sometimes present on one part of the wood, and wanting on an- other. Sporidia (•002--0026 in.) •05--06m.m. %* Sporidia lijaline. 2554. Sphaezia tristis. Tode. " Black nestling Sphferia." Perithecia crowded, globose, pnnctato-riigulose, collapsed, moutliless, black, seated ona strigose subiculum ; sporidia minute, oblong, curved, biseptate, or trinucleate. — Tode.f. 67. Pers.Ic, 4" Des. 1. 12, f. 5, 6. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 444. Fries. exs. wo. 386. Fng. Fl.Y.p. 260. Ann.N.H. no. 618* 181. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. f)l ,f. 11 (?) CooJce exs. no. 269. On dead sticks. Resembling at first sight one of the larger Helminthosporia. Perithecia minute, collapsing. 2555. Sphaeria biforxnis. Pers. " Two-formed Spbaeria." Perithecia subovate, slightly tuberculate, black, clothed with strigose hairs of the same colour; ostiola somewhat elongated. — jPers. Syn. t. 2, / 14. Ic. Pict. t. 24,/. 4. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 448. Eng.rLy.'p. 261. On wood. var. p. terr-estris. Perithecia crowded, seated upon a crust- like, strigoso-villous subiculum. Soiu. t. 373, f. 7. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 261. On the nak&d earth. 2556. Sph^jeziainvestans. Coohe. " Investing Sphseria." Gregarious;, or scattered, globose, papillate, brown- black, erum- pent, throwiug off the cuticle, seated ujoon, and at first covered by a dirty-brown woolly subiculum, at length the up|)er portion of the perithecia naked ; sporidia broadly lanceolate, UDiseptate, of two opposed cones, constricted at the septum, surrounded by a broad hyaline membrane, each cell with a large basal, and small apical nucleus, hyaline. On rotten twigs. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) The outline of the investing membrane of the sporidia is broadly lanceo- late, and not constricted, length (■000§-'0009in.) 856 spil3:eiacei. h. Villosoe. Perithecia persistently hairy. — Fr. S.M. ii.|?.322. * Sporidia coloured. 2557. Sphseria ovina. Pers. "Woolly Sphgeria." Peritliecia subglobose, clotlied -svitli dirty-white, mucedinous down, naked at the base ; ostiolum papillate, at length black ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, pale brown, long, flexuous. — Pers. Syn.p.ll. Fr. S.M. \i. p. 446. Fries, exs. no. 149. Eng.Fl.Y, p. 260. Curr.Linn. Trans, xxii.^. 316. S. nivea, Sow.t. 219. Lej?- tospora ovina, FcJcl. Sym. Myc. p. 143. Fchl. exs. no. 788. On decayed wood. [Mid. Carolina.] 2558. Sphaeria brassicae. Klotsch. " Cabbage Sphgeria." Perithecia conical, their bases innate, clothed with dirty-white arachnoid down ; ostiola naked, simple, jet-black ; sporidia colour- less, then pale brown, ultimately dark opaque brown, elliptical, with pointed ends or lozenge-shaped. — Eng. FI.y. p.2Q)l. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 57,/. 23. On dead cabbage stalks. Sporidia (•0014-"002in.) '03-"05 m.m. long. Perithecia large, K-airy at the bottom, hairs vrhite or brown, sporidia sometimes with two large nuclei, sometimes with a dark line not extending quite across the svo^idium, — F C. 2559. Sphaezia hirsuta. Pr. "Hairy Black Sphaeria." CoyiDiA. — Gregarious, stem rigid, persistent, black ; head sub- rotund, at length compact, greyish. — Stilhumrigidum^Pers. Syn. p. 680. FcJcl. exs.no. 177. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia subglobose, and ovat.e, tuberculate, black, covered with scattered hairs of the same colour; ostiolum obsolete ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, pale brown, long, flex- uous.— Fr. S.M. \i. p. ^A^. Eng. Fl. v. p. 262. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. b7,f. 18. Lasiosphceria hirsuia, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 147, t. 3,/. 32. Fchl. exs. no. 950. var. /3. acinosa. Perithecia globose and subdepressed, black- brown.— iJa^scA./. 179. Sow. t. 386,/. 3 ? On decayed wood. Sporidia e002--002G in.) -OO'-OG m.m. SPH^RIACEI. 857 2560. Sphaeria hispida. Tode. " Hispid Spheeria." Spermogonia. — Peritliecia irregularly clavate, cylindrical, or dilated at the base, greenish yellow or pallid ; spermatia minute, ovate, hyaline. — Sphceronema Jlavo-viride, Fckl, exs. no. 774. AscoPHORE, — Black ; perithecia ovato-conic, confluent with the ostiola, clothed with short, scattered hairs ; sporidia cylin- drical, vermiculate, 7-8 septate, obtuse, umber ; cells nucleate. — Tode.f.U. Fr.S.M.n.p.VoO. Eng. Fl.Y.p.2&'2. Sphceriater- restris, Fckl. exs. no. 949, 2039. Sph. lignaria, Grev. t. 82 ? Lasi- osphcBria hispida^ Fckl. Sym.Myc. p. 147, t. 3,y. 31. On decayed wood. Appin. If the specimen of .9. ligniaria examined by jMr. Currey (Linn. Trans, xsii. t. 58, f. 66) belongs to this species the fruit is very different, as follows — ** sporidia uniseriate, at drst pale brown, then dark brown, elliptico-acumi- nate "0005 in. long." 2561. Sphaeria capillifera. Curr. ** Stiff Hairy Sphaeria.' Perithecia globose, clothed with very short, rather stiff black hair, seated on a pale subiculum ; ostiola mamillate ; sporidia uniseriate, rather dark brown, broadly elliptical, 1-2 nucleate. — Cnrr. Linn. Trans, xxii./). 317. ^ 57,/. 26. On Corticium 2indi subjacent wood, Sporidia (•0003--0004 in.) -OOrB-'Ol m.m, 2562. Sphaeria scatigena. B. d: Br, " Satiny Sphaeria." Perithecia free, ovate, finely hispid, hairs short, rigid ; ostiola papillfeform, truncate at the apex ; sporidia subglobose. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 972, t. 11, f. 2d. On horse dung. King's Cliffe. Perithecia free, ovate, rough, with very short rigid hairs ; ostiolum papil- Iseform, truncate, asci cylindrical; sporidia uniseriate^ broadly elliptic, sub- globose, at first surrounded with gelatine ('0008 in.) *02 m.m. long, flattened, 80 that a lateral view gives a narrow elliptic outline. — B. d; Br. % Sporidia hyaline, simple. 2563. Sphaeria caesia. Carm. " Grey woolly Sphseria." Perithecia white, very hairy ; sporidia uniseriate, colourless, elliptical, or subpyriform. — Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii.j9. 316, t. bl ^ f. 17. On wood. Sporidia ('0002 in.) '005 m.m. long. 2o 858 SPH^RIACEI. 2564. Sphaeria canescens. Pen, " Hoary Sphseria." Peritliecia aggregate, globose and ovate, hairy, papillate, hoary ; sporidia colourless, straight, or curved, subacuminate. — Perfi. Syn. \\.p. 448. Fr.S.M. ii.p. 261. Fries, exs. no. 50. Eng. Fl.Y.p. 261. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. b7,f, 14. Berk. exs. no. 301. On decayed wood. [Low. Carolina.] Perithecia forming a dense stratum of a cinereous brownish or greenish hue, very hairy, brittle. Sporidia COOll-'OOM in.) '025-085 m.m. long. 2565. Sphaexia strigosa. A.^S. *' Bristly Spbgeria." Perithecia aggregate, globose and ovate, papillary, beset all round with long, rigid, hoary hairs ; sporidia elongated, some- what curved, pale tawny, simple. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 4:4:8 . A. ^ iS. t. 5, /. 7. Fng. Fl. v. />. 261. Leptospgra sti-igosa, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 144. Spjh. mucida, Fckl. exs. no. 948. On decayed wood. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Distinguished from S. canescens by its closer habit, and tough, not brittle substance. The hairs of both, though giving the perithecia a hoary appear- ance, are not always white, but frequently of a brownish or yellowish hue. — M.J.B. Mr. Currey does not think the two species distinguishable. 2566. Sphaeria ei&ilis. A. ^- S. •' Hairy Pine Sphseria." Black, very minute ; perithecia globose, then depressed, at length collapsed, concave, astomous, clothed with short hairs ; sporidia cylindrical, curved, simple, hyaline. — A. ^ S. t. 9,/. 4. B. ^" Br. Ann. N.H. no. 606. Fckl. exs. no. 2023. Nitschkia exilis, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 165. On pine twigs. Wraxall. [Low. Carolina.] 2567. Sphaeria superficialis. Curr. " Currey's Hairy Sphaeria." Perithecia hairy, subglobose, very small, seated on a hairy subiculum ; sporidia uniseriate, overlapping, elliptical, or sub- turbinate, rarely slightly curved, colourless. — Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii.;;. 317, f. 57,/. 25. On fir wood. Sporidia (•0003--0004 in.) -OOrG-'Ol m.m. binucleate. 2568. Sphaeria calva. Tode. " Tode's Hairy Sphasria." Perithecia scattered, depresso-globose, papillary, even, black, SPH^RTACEI. 859 beset below witb short hispid hairs, above smooth and shining. ^Todef. 83. Fr. S.M. \i.p. 451. Eng. Fl. v,;;. 262. On decayed wood and branches. *i Sporidia hyaline, septate or nucleate. 2569. Sphaeria zuutabilis. Pers. *' Cliangeable Sphceria." Perithecia subglobose, covered with a yellow or greenish, then ferruginous down ; ostiola subpapillieform, blackish ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, curved, acuminate; endochrome 4 partite. — Pers. Ic. ^' Desc. t. 7,/. 6. Fr. S.M. ii. p, 447. Sturm, t. 64. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 57,/. 20. On hard wood, oak, &c. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ('OOOS in.) '02 m.m. long. 2570. Sphaeria scabra. Curr. " Rough Furze Sphaeria." Perithecia very hairy, seated on a dense subiculum, erumpent; sporidia biseriate, fusiform, constricted in the middle, colourless, with many nuclei. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii./). 315, t. 57,/. 13. On furze. Oct. ^\"eybridge, Sporidia (•0012.-0014 in.) -OS-'OSo m.m. long. 2571. Sphaeria callixnorpha. Mont. " Hairy Bramble Sphasria." Perithecia minute, gregarious, globoso-depressed, ovoid, even, black, shining, j^ajjillate, surrounded by erect, black hairs ; spori- dia cymbiform, triseptate. — Mont. Syll.p. '221. B. 4' Lr. Ann. N.H. no. 872. Mont. Ann. des Sc. Nat. ser. ii. vol. i.p. 306, t. 13, /. 5. On bramble. Leicestershire. It is doubtful whether this is really distinct from S. ruhorum, Lib. M. Westendorp unites them, but we have never examined an authentic speci- men of Montagne's. 2572. Sphaeria macrotricha. B.^Br. "Long-haired Sphceria." Subiculum creeping ; perithecia ovate, clothed below with long hairs, attenuated above and naked, collapsing with the papil- la?form ostiola ; asci clavate ; sporidia fusiform, uniseptate, 6- nucleate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 619, t. 9,/. 2. On dead leaves of Carex panicidata and Beech mast. 2o 2 860 SPH^RIACEI. Brown or nearly black, subiculum effused, consisting of interwoven, Creep- ing hairs. Perithecia crowded, ovate, clothed with long hairs, attenuated, and more or less denuded above, and when dry collapsing with their papil- Iffiform ostiolum. Sporidia biseriate, fusiform, consisting of two opposed cones constricted at the juncture, and sometimes above the first nucleus, each division containing one or more globules.- — B. aque, black, depressed at the apex ; asci clavate, containing an indefinite number of very minute gran- ules.— Fr. S.M. \i.p. 342, Fries, exs. no. 112. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. t. 46, /. 46. Fckl. exs. no. 959. Hypoxylon hotrys, Nke. Pyr. Germ. p. 34. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 234. " Granules colourless, about ('0001 in.) '0025 m.m., endowed with Brownian motion. I should have doubted these granules being true sporidia, but I find this fruit coinciding exactly with that of authentic specimens from the Scleromycetes suecice. Fries considers the plant a Sphct;ria, with confluent peri- thecia, but not an Hypoxylon." — F.C Nitschke calls the sporidia ovate, ob- tuse, unequilateral. 2580. Spheeria pomiformis. Pers. " Apple- shaped Sphseria." Rather small, black ; perithecia apple-shaped, even, with an impressed ring round the papilleeform ostiolum ; sporidia ovate, or ovate-oblong, obtuse, bilocular, slightly constricted, hyaline, or pale brown.— P^rs. Syn.p. 65. Ic. Pict. t. b,f. 4, 5. Moug. exs. no. 482. i^r. aS'. A/, ii.^. 455. Fries, exs. no. 2^Q. Eng.Fl.y.p. 264. Fckl. exs. no. 938. S. coi^ona, Sow. t. 393,/. 7. Melanomma pomiformis, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 159. On dead wood. [Low. Carolina.] Perithecia globose, rather thin, but slightly rigid, and in consequence collapsed only at the apex. 2581. Sphaexia rhytidodes. B. ^ Br. " Sulcata Sph^ria." Gregarious, black ; perithecia seated on a spot-like mycelium, subglobose, rugoso-sulcate ; ostiola papill^form ; asci elongated ; sporidia biseriate 3-6 septate, torulose. — B. ^* Br. Ann. N.H. no. 873, MO,/. 21. On ash pollards. Jan. Batheaston. Mycelium black, forming dark stains, on which are seated subglobose, laterally sulcate perithecia, with a papillseform ostiolum. Asci elongato- clavate. Sporidia biseriate ("OOl-'OOlS in.) •025-*03 m.m. long, cymbiform. SPH^-RIACEl. 863 2582. Sphaeria perexigua. Ciirr, " Rough little SphcTeria." Crowded, black ; perithecia sub-globose, rugose ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, or greenish, subelliptical, slightly curved, endochrome bipartite. — Berk. Outl.p. 396. S.pustula, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii.p. 317, t. 57,/. 31. On wood. Bungay. Very like S. pulvis-pyriiis, except in the sporidia, which are ('OOOS-'OOl in.) •02--025 m.m. 2583. Sphaeria ordinata. Ir. *' Long-line Sphceria." Crowded in an elongated series, red-brown ; perithecia minute, soft, subfibrillose at the base ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, curved, fusiform, multiseptate. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 45J:. B. c^* Br. Ann. N.H. no. 973, t. 11 J. 26. On decorticated fallen oak branches. Dec. Perithecia scattered or ag^egated, arranged in lines, ovate, with a papil- lary orifice, rusty brown, becoming black, covered at first with a tomentose veil, sometimes regularly attenuated, resting on a brownish friable mycelium. Asci clavate. Sporidia biseriate, curved, fusiform, hyaline, multiseptate ("OUlo in.) "OSS m.m. loug, sometimes shorter. — B. S'. F.^.^7. 384. FcJcl. exs. no. 1057. Sph. incana, Steph. Ann. N.H. ser. i. vol. iv. ^j. 252. Sordaria copropliilaj De SPH^RTACEI. 867 N'ot. Sfer. Ital. no. 20. FcJd. Sym. Myc. p. 244. Rahh. exs. no. 257. Ces. Hedw. t. xiv. B.f. 2-5. On cow dung, in dense patches. Bristol, &c. [United States.] The above description of the fruit does not correspond with that of the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, who states that the sporidia are filiform, flexuons, con- taining a row of nuclei. This applies possibly to the immature sporidia only. 2595. Sphaeria stexcoxaxia. Sow. " Naked Dung Spharia." Black, shining ; perithecia globose, rigid, even ; ostiolnm pa- pillfefomi ; sporidia uniseriate, brown, eventually quite opaque, ellijDtical or almond-shaped. — Soiv.t. 3b7 , f. 1. Fr. S.M. ii.;>. 455. Eng. Fl. v. p. 264. Citrr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 67, f. 3S. Rahh. F.E. no. 830. Hypocopra stercoraria^ Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 241. On dung. Rather large, firm, thick, not collapsing; perithecia are immersed in a de- cided stroma even when solitary. Sporidia ('0012 in.) *03 m.m. 2596. Sphaexia fimicola. Rob. " Asses' Dung Sphreria." Perithecia solitary, or few together ; ostiola penicellate ; spo- ridia ellijDtic, brown, with a large oil globule, green when young. — Desm. £3:5.720.2061. B. ^- Br. Ann. JV.H. no. 1097, S.sterco- rar-ia, var. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 57,/. 39. On asses' dung. Rhyl. Delicate, linear, stylospores occur at the mouth of the perithecia ('QiJU' in.) -017 m.m. long. Sporidia (-OOOG-'OOOS in.) •015--02 m.m. long (-QOOtin.) "01 m.m. broad. " Ostiola formed of a number of processes arranged in a penicellate manner, each consisting of a single row of irregularly shaped cells, the upper cell being pointed. Sporidia mostly uniseriate, greenish at first, then darker, probably eventually black, elliptical, "0010 in. long." — F.C. 2597. Sphaexia papavexea. B.&Br. " Poppy-head Sphteria." Crowded ; perithecia globose, areolate and covered with a white veil, except the ostiola ; ostiola large, plane, orbicular, radiato- sulcate ; mouth round ; sporidia elliptic, subnavicular, brown. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 612, t. 7,/. 14. On rotten stumps. March. Batheaston. Widely effused, crowded, springing from a brown mycelium ; perithecia globose, black, finely areolated, covered, with the exception of the orbicular multisulcate ostiolnm, with a white filmy veil ; asci linear ; sporidia elliptic, navicular, brown. The ostiolnm resembles the stigma of a poppy, being sepa- rated by an abrupt line from the perithecium ; the perithecia, though crowded, do not form a confluent mass, but are distinct. — B. 4" Br. 868 SPH^RIACEI. 2598. Sphaeria rotula. Coolie. " Wheel-like Sphagria." Gregarious or scattered ; perithecia globose, dark-brown, slightly AYOolly or smooth, opaque ; ostiola cylindrical, prominent, radiato-snlcate, black ; sporidia broadly ovate, slightly acumi- nate, dark-brown, simple, opaque. — Cooheexs. no. 268. On the ground. Near Shere, Surrey. Sca*-tered, or in groups on ground containing minute fragments of decaying wood, in company with a hispid Sphseria. Perithecia small, globose, dark- brown, with a broad, prominent, cylindrical ostiolum, which is black and radiato-sulcate, somewhat after the manner of S. papaverea, but the peri- thecia are not in the least areolate, and the prominent ostiola are fluted down to the peritheciura. The sporidia are longer and three times as broad as those of S. pjapa'cerea> 2599. Sphaeiia sordaria. Fr. " Rough naked Spheeria." Sub-emergent, gregarious, black ; perithecia globose, soft, col- lapsing, rugulose, confluent with the obsolete ostiolum ; sporidia uniseriate, dark-brown, elliptical. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 458. Fries, exs. no. 270. Eng. Fl. v. p. 265. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 57,/. 43. On moist pine wood. Appin. Oregarious, minute, often disposed in rows. To the naked eye presenting little inore than a black scurfy stain. Sporidia (■0006--0007 in.) •015--0177 m.m. 2600. Sphaeria pulveracea. Ehr, " Dust-like Sphaeria." Pycnidia. — Crowded, black, shining, minute, ovato-globose, even, slightly mamillate ; stylospores ovate, or ovate-oblong, sim- ple, brown. — Sphceria myriocarpa, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 459. Fr. exs. no. 313. Eng.Fl.Y.p. 266. Grev. 1. 152,/. 1. Cookeexs.no. 373. AscoPHORE. — Crowded, small, black ; perithecia subovate, ru- gulose, rigid; ostiolum distinct, pierced; sporidia uniseriate, dark-brown, elliptical, subglobose, or subturbinate. — FcTcl. exs. no. 936. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 57, f. 42. Pers. Sym. p. 83. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 459. Fries, exs. no. 121. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 265. Movg. exs. 710. 773. S.millegrana, Schweinitz. Rosellinia pulveracea ^ Fckl . Sym. Myc.p. 149. On dry wood. [United States.] Smaller than S. pulvis pyrius, surface unequal but not tuberculate, easily distinguished by the ostiolum. Perithecia rigid, rather shining, crustaceo- aggregate.-i^ries. Sporidia (•0003-'0004 in.) -OOro-'Oi m.m. 2601. Sphaeria moroides. Curr. '' Blackberry Spheeria." Perithecia rugose, small ; sporidia biseriate, greenish-brown, then brown, subhyaline, elliptical. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. p. 318, i. 57,/. 34. SPH^RIACEI. 869 On Tvood. Like very small specimens of S. moHformis, but differing altogether in the fruit. 2602. Sphaeiria vesticola. B, . 272. B. 4' Br. Ann. N. H. no. 869, MO,/. 19. 872 SPH^EIACEI. Parasitic on Tarious species of Diatrype. Asci clavate. Sporidia often swollen on ono side, like the fmstules of £unotia, at length multiseptate, with one or two vertical dissepiments (•00083-;0005in.) •02--0125m.m. The perithecia are sprinkled over with short stiff bristles, they appear at first like the ostiola of the Diatrype. It approaches very near to Dotkidea. 2613. Sphaeria apotheciorum. Mass. " Lichen-cup Sphseria." CoNiDiA. — Gymnosporium physcicB, Kalchhr. Szep. Gomh. Jeg. B56. Fcld. exs. no. 100. AscoPHORE. — Stroma black, rugulose, ratter rough ; peri- thecia aggregated, subrotund, papillate, confluent ; asci some- what obtuse, paraphyses sub-clavate ; sporidia elliptic, bilocular, diaphanous. — Mass. Lich. p. 2Q,f. 41. B. S,- Br. Ann. N.H.no. 871. Sphceria epicymatia, Wallr. Fl. Germ. ii. /).775. Nyl. Prod, p. 85. Syn. p. 42. SphcBvia lichenicola, Smrf. Lapp. 218. Fl.Dan. t. 9b6,f. i. E p icy matia vulgaris, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 118. On apothecia of Parmelia subfusca, &c. N. Wales, &c. Berkeley states that the fruit is just like that of Phacopsis varia, Tul. If so the sporidia are triseptate, and ('00035 in.) "009 m.m. long ('00U3 in.) '00714 m.m. broad. 2614. Sphaeria thallophila. Cooke. '' Sunken Lichen Sphffiria." Scattered or gregarious, semi-immersed in the lichen thallus ; perithecia subgiobose, carbonaceous, papillate, pierced; asci cylindrical ; sporidia uniseriate, elliptical, uniseptate, not con- stricted, hyaline, at length pale greenish-yellow. On thallus of Lecanora subfusca. Glenshee. Aug., 1856. (Dr. L. Lindsay.) Sporidia ('0004 in.) '01 m.m. long. It is not improbable that this is a naked Sjjhceria springing from the wood beneath, and perforating the thin lichen thallus. A single small specimen is all we have seen, and that was insufficient to satisfy us on this point. 2615. Sphaearia ventosaria. Linds. " Lindsay's Lichen Spheeria." Perithecia seated on thalline cones, as stellate points girt by a sort of thalline exciple, smooth and black, or pruinose ; spori- dia simple, then uniseptate, broadly ellipsoid or oval and con- stricted, brown. — Lindsay, Trans. Roy. Soc. Ed. xxiv. p. 439. XXV. p. 357. Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. p. 346, t. 50, /. 10. Quart. SPH^RIACEl. 873 Journ. Micr. Sc. xi. n.s. p. 31. Microthelia ventosicola. Mudd. Brit. Lich.p. 307 ? On Lecanora ventosa. Loclinagar, &c. % Caulicolous. 2616. Sphoerla dloica. Moug. " Two-ranked Sphaeria." Scattered or subgregarious, semi-immersed, the matrix blackened ; perithecia black, rough, often sulcate above, sub- conical ; asci clavate, stipitate ; sporidia crowded or biseriate, narrowly elliptical, obtuse, triseptate scarcely constricted, pale brown. — Fr. El. \\.p. 82. Eng.Fl. v. p. 253. On furze. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) The asci are always clavate. Sporidia ('0006 in.) Mr. Currey states that the specimens of S. dioica in the Hookerian collec- tion are only a sub-cuticular form of S. pulvis-pyrius. The specimens on furze, which are here referred to S. dioica, are quite different from S. pulvis- pyrius, the perithecia are much larger, less densely gregarious, different in shape, and with distinctly clavate asci. 2617. Sphaexia nidula. Sow. " Nestling Sphaeria." Cfespitose, superficially innate ; perithecia crowded, globose, papillate, black, very minute, punctato-rugose. — Sow. t. 394, /. 2. Fr. S.M. ii. p.418. Eng. Fl. y.p. 254. In little hollows of bean roots. 2618. Sphaeria scoxiadea. Fr, '• Doubtful Sphasria." Innate ; stroma broadly effused, latent, black ; perithecia horny, crowded, hemispherical, rather prominent, shining, pierced; sporidia biseriate, fusiform, reddish-brown. — Fr. ELii. p. 87. Berk. Ann.N.H.no. 176. Fries, exs. no. 344. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49, /. 187 (Leighton Angio. Lick. p. 39, under Verrucaria conferta). On birch twigs. "I believe this production to be a Verrucaria. The contents of the peri- thecia are grumous, containing biseriate fusiform sporidia."— J/. J".^. Spori- dia reddish-brown, opaque, lageniform, when young with a gelatinous en- velope, the tips of the sporidia are paler than the body, they are irregular in length and breadth, varying from ■UO16-'O028 in. in length. There is Bome doubt whether this plant be not a Verrv/:aria. — F.C. 2619. Sphaexia juglandia. Fr. " Walnut Spbseria." Gregarious ; perithecia globose, at first depressed, and im- mersed, then erumpent, even, black, pierced with a simple ostio- 874 SPHiEKIACEI. liim, grey within. — Fr. S.M. ii.p. 493. Fries, exs. no. 239. Eng. Fl.x. p. 271. On walnut twigs. Fuckel regards this simply as a Dqylodia. 2620. Sphaeria lonicerae. Sorv. " Honeysuckle Sphaeria." Grcgcarious, ernmpent ; perithecia globose, nearly free, thin, black, soon torn and cup-shaped ; ostiolum simple ; sporidia uniseriate, colourless, elliptical, endochrome tripartite. — Sow. t, 393,/. 6. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 492. Fries, exs. no. 349. Eng. Fl. v.p. 271. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59,/. 115 (not Fckl. Sym. Myc.) Cooke exs. no. 262. On honeysuckle. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia (•0004--0006 in.) -Ol-'OIS m.m. 2621. Sphaeria obliterans. B. d; Br. " Bleached-fir Sphaeria." Perithecia scattered, half covered by the bleached fibres of the matrix, collapsing, astomous ; asci cylindrico-clavate ; spori- dia uniseriate, obovate, triseptate, septa at length obliterated. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 890, 1. 11,/. 34. On bare fir-poles. Mar. Batheaston. Sporidia ('0007 in.) "0177 m.m. Septa at length obliterated, their position being still indicated by a slight constriction. ** Coprophilous. Fig. 394. 2622. Sphaeria Tjovilla. Cooke. " Tailed cow-dung Sphaeria." Perithecia scattered, sub-globose, semi-immersed, black; ostiola prominent, pierced ; sporidia 8, cylindrical, long, flexu- ous, containing numerous nuclei; each extremity furnished with a flexuous hair-like appendage, half the length of the spori- dium, hyaline, greenish. ^ On cow dung. Aug. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) This curious species resembles in some respects the CercopTiora mirdbilis of Fuckel (Sym, Myc. p. 245 t. vi. f. 20), but Dr. Capron is decidedly of opinion that the above sporidia are quite mature, and never become ovate, opaque- brown, with hyaline appendages, as in that species. Sporidia, without ap- pendages ("002 in.) -Oo m.m long. {Fig. 394.) SPHiEEIACEI. 875 **** Culmicolous. 2623. Sphaerla arundinacea. Sow. " Reed SplisBria." CoNiDiA. — Stroma none ; conidia erumpent, compact, globose, pellucid, blackish. — Melanconium sphcErospermum, Fr. S.M. iii.p. 489. Eabh.F.E. no. 179. FcJcl. exs. no. 86. Bot. Zeit.lSbd,t.U, f. 5. See no. 1387, ante. Pycnidia. — Erumpent, linear, with scarcely any stroma ; perithecia in one or two rows, connate, with a very obsolete ostiolum ; stylospores oblong, simple. — SpJiceropsis arundinacea^ Berk. Outl.p. 316. AscoPHORE. — Somewhat covered, oblong, minute, greyish- black ; stroma scarcely distinct ; perithecia very minute, stipate, rather compressed in 2 or 3 series ; ostiola obsolete, white within; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, triseptate. — S. Godini, Desm. exs. no. 439. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1846,^.49. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^ 49, /. 202. S. arundinacea. Soiv. t. 336. B. 8f Br. Ann. N.H. no. 603. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 49,/. 200. Berk. exs. no. 82. Eng. Fl. v. p. 256. Fr. S.3f. il p. 429. Fckl. exs. no. 907. Fle- ospora arundinacea, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 137, t.\\\.f.28. On dead reeds. Spring. Common. [Low. Carolina.] ** Messrs. Berkeley and Broome state that 5. Godini is identical with S. arundinacea, but in the Kew specimens the species dififer in the colour of the sporidia, and in the number of septa, in S. arundinacea they are yellowish* brown. 3-5 septate, and in Godini colourless and nniseptate." — F.C. Sporidia •0U10-'0016 in. The difference is most probably only one of age. 2624. Sphaeria culxnifraga. Fr. " Erumpent Grass Sphaeria." Scattered ; perithecia covered, erumpent, somewhat com- pressed, black ; ostiolum short, naked, conical ; sporidia curved, fusiform, multiseptate, one of the articulations swollen. — Fr. S. J/, ii.p. 510. Fries exs. no. 313. Fng. Fl.v. p. 276. B.^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 614. Fckl. exs. no. 2245. >S'. longa, Sow. t. 393,/. 4. Pleospora culmif7'aga, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 137, t. 3,/ 21. On culms of grass, &c. Common. Two varieties are published by Desmazieres, and a third has been found at Eudloe, more highly developed, the perithecia crowded, and slightly his- pid, and the acute ostiola elevating the cuticle. h. Ceratostomce. Ostiolum elongated, cylindrical, free, longer than the perithe- cium, emergent. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 322. 876 SPH^RTACEl. 2625. Sphaeria clrrhosa. Pert. " Tendril Fphseria." Spermogonia. — Spermatia ovato-cylindrical, hyaline. CoNiDiA. — On the tips of threads, ovate, triseptate, dark- brown. — Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 127. AscoPHORE. — Scattered, black; perithecia immersed, subglo- bose, fibrinous ; ostiola rugged, subfalcate, spinulose ; sporidia biseriate, elliptical, colourless. — Pers. Ic.JPict. t. 24,/. 3. Fr.S. M. ii. p. 475. Fries, exs. no. 346. Eng. Fl. v. p. 267. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. b8,f. 71. FcJcl. exs. no. 1804. Ceratostoma cirrho- sum, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p, 127. On soft rotten wood. [Mid. Carolina.] Yariable. Sometimes scattered, with the perithecia curiously fibrillous, the fibrillse occasionally brown, sometimes, in harder wood, collected in rows or little fascicles, and almost destitute of fibrilles. Sporidia (•0004-*0005 in.) •01-"012o m.m. long. 2626. Sphaexia pilifeira. Fr. '« Thread-beaked SphaBria." Spermogonia. — Spermatia oblong-ovate, simple, hyaline. AscoPHORE. — Gregarious, naked, black; perithecia very small, globose, even ; ostiola capillary, very long, acuminate ; sporidia ? — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 472. Fries, exs. no. 25. Nees. f. 354. Eng. Fl. y.p. 266. Ceratostoma piliferum, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 128. On pine wood. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] 2627. Sphaeria ligneola. B.S^^Br. "Smooth-beaked Sphaeria." Perithecia globose, subglaucous, smooth, inomersed ; neck elongated, obtuse ; sporidia elliptic uniseptate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H.no.SS3,t. 11,/. 29. On decayed oak. Jan. Somerset. Perithecia scattered, immersed in the wood, globose, smooth, black, with a Blight glaucous bloom; neck about as long as the perithecia, obtuse. Spo- ridia (•0U03-'000i in.) 'UOZo-'Ol m.m. long, binucleate, at length uniseptate. Resembling young S. cirrhosa, but perfectly smooth and glaucous, and by no means fibrillose. — B. d: Br. 2628. Sphaeria axnpullasca. Cooke. " Flask-fruited Sphaeria." Perithecia gregarious or scat- tered, immersed, globose, black ; ostiola nearly three times as long as the diameter of the perithecia, flexuous; asciampullEeform, trun- cate above, attenuated below; SPH^EIACEl. 877 sporidia inordinate, narrowly lanceolate, obtuse, witb. a large nu- cleus near each extremity, hyaline. On rotten oak. Feb. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) The very peculiar form of the asci is sufficient to distinguish this species. They are •0025--003 in. long. Sporidia ('0005 in.), -0127 m.m. long. (Fig. 395.) 2629. Sphaeria lampadophora. B.ikBr, " Clustered Beak Sphceria." Perithecia gregarious, globose, dingy, pruinose ; neck long, flexuous, irregular ; sporidia fusiform, curved, multiseptate. — B. ^Br.Ann.N.H.no.m2,L 11,/. 28. On decayed wood. Oct. — April. Gregarious; perithecia middle-sized, globose, brownish, pulverulent, or Bubtomentose ; neck elongated, irregular, flexuous. Sporidia Knear-fusiform ("003 in.) "075 m.m. long, multiseptate. .With the habit of S. rostrata, but with differ ent fruit. 2630. Sphaezia stylophora. B.d;Br. " Patchy Beak Sphaeria." Perithecia at first covered, at length free, disposed in orbicu- lar patches, ovate, attenuated upwards ; ostiola longer than the perithecia ; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia fusiform, hyaline, uni- eeptate, appendiculate at either end. — B. 4'- ^^. Ann. N.H. no. 976, M7,y. 29. On Acerplatanoides. Mossburnford. At first covered, then exposed; perithecia collected in little orbicular patches, ovate, attenuated above, with styliform ostiola longer than them- selves ; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia biseriate, hyaline, fusiform, unisep- tate, appendiculate at either end. — B, (^ Br. C. SUBTECT^. Perithecia at first innate, concrete with the matrix, at length naked above ; ostiola simple, sub-erumpent. — Fr. S.2I. ii. p. o'22. a. Immersce. Perithecia immersed in the perennial parts of plants ; neck Bhort and erumpent. * EndoxylcB. 2631. Sphaexia livida. Fr. " Livid Sphceria." Scattered ; perithecia subgiobose, nestling in a prominent ellip- tic grey tubercle formed from the wood ; ostiola pierced ; spor- 878 SPH^RIACEI. idia broTvn or yellowish brown, elliptical, triseptate. — Fr. S.M. n. p. 479. Fries, exs. no. 316. Fng. Fl. v. p. 267. Curr Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 58, /. 77. On dried branches (ivy, &c.). [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] Spots rounded when there is but one perithecium, subelliptic when there are two together, and not distinctly defined at the base ; perithecia immersed in the wood, depresso-globose, not stuflfed, furnished with a short neck ; os- tiola rather prominent, at length pierced. I' find also apparently the same species with several perithecia beneath each black elliptic spot, andthespota are 2-3 Hues long.— J/. J. B. Sporidia COOOo-'OOOZ in.) •Oi27--0177 tn.m. 2632. Sphaeria melanotes. B. d: Br. " Black-spot Spbceria." Spots elongated, blackish ; perithecia covered; ostiola minute ; asci linear ; sporidia elliptic, brown. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 623,^. 9,/. 6. On oak palings. Dec. Batheaston. Forming oblong, somewhat irregular, black patches about an inch long, sprinkled with the punctiform ostiola ; perithecia immersed, scarcely visible except from their ostiola; asci linear; sporidia elliptic, brown ;_ '0005 in.) '0127 m.m. long. . \Vith somewhat of the habit of S. livida, but smaller pe- rithecia, and different fruit. The black spots are scarcely at all raised. The perithecia do not raise the surface of the wood into little waves, as in Sph anserina. P. — B,6:Br» 2633. Sphaezia hypotephra. B. ^ Br. " Grey-spot Sphairia.'' Spots effused, cinereous ; perithecia covered, subglobose ; os- tiola rather obtuse, emergent ; asci linear; sporidia elongated, curved, at length triseptate. — B. lodia. The S. anserina of Eng. Fl. v. p. 268, is a Sphceropsis (B. & Br. Ann. N.H. no. 623), probably a stylosporous condition of the above. 880 sni^RiACEi. ** Endopliloece. 263B. Sphaeria velata. Pers. " Veiled Sphaeria." Broadly effused, thin ; perithecia scattered, immersed, covered with a hlack membranaceous crust ; ostiola erumpent ; sporidia crowded, colourless, narrowly almond shaped, endochrome 2-4 partite. — Fr. S.Jf. n.ji. 375. Fries, exs. no. 225. Enj. Fl. v. p. 246. Sow. t. 372 f. 10. Citrr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 45,/. 104. Fckl. exs. no. 958. Diaporthe velata, Nke. Pyr. Germ. i.p. 287. Rahh. F.E. no. llAd. On lime twigs. [Mid. Carolina.] Surrounding the branches, and growing in the inner bark, perforating the epidermis with the ostiola and at length throwing it oflf j perithecia minute, erect, ovato-globose, sometimes solitary, sometimes irregularly aggregate, scarcely disposed in circles, by no means stipate, nestling in the bark itself, covered with a thin patchy stroma, which is tuberculated with the perithecia j ostiola erumpent, irregular, opaque. — Fries. Sporidia ('0005 in.) '0127 m.m. 2639. Sphaeria ciliaris. Curr. " Thread-bearing Fphseria." Concealed ; perithecia small, subglobose, bearing threads of Helminthosporiiwi on their surface ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, narrow, pointed at the extremities, quadrinucleate. — Curr. Micro. Journ. Yii.^9. 232, t. 11,/. 15. On ash branches. Oct. Weybridge. Covering the branches with perithecia, which are concealed (with the ex- ception of the ostiola) beneath the cuticle, and many parts of them rough with the erect threads of Helmirdhosjiorium. Sporidia sometimes almost almond-shaped, sometimes strongly constricted in the middle, always (or almost always) with four nuclei, from ("OOOS-'OOOQin.) •012o-'022 m.m. long. 2640. Sphaeria celata. Curr, " Concealed Sphgeria." Perithecia round ; solitary, or in small groups, mostly con- cealed ; ostiolum short, somewhat flat, rather gaping ; sporidia biseriate, dark rich brown, oblong, constricted in the middle. — Curr. MSS. Berk. Outl.p. 398. Sp. ohtecta,Curr. Micr. Journ. vii. p. 233, t. Tii.fig. 16. B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 979, t. 17,/. 32. On wych elm. Sporidia (•0012--0015 in.) 'OS-'OSS m.m. long. Completely concealed by the cuticle ; perithecia subglobose, scarcely be- coming free from the matrix, walls thick, jet black, gelatine white. Asci clavate, Sporidia biseriate, in an early stage biconical, pointed at either end, endochrome proportionally small, when old shorter, biconical, obtuse, dark brown, the outer coat being entirely absorbed. SPH^EIACEI. 881 2641. Sphaeria xylostei. Pers. " "Woodbine Sphgeria." Macrostylospores — Oblong, ovate, constricted, brown, 3-5 septate, muriform. Pycxidia. — Stylospores didymous, oblong, dark brown. — Diplodia Loniceroe, Fckl. exs. no. 1951. AscoPHORE. — Gregarious, staining black ; perithecia covered, emergent, entire, globose ; ostiola slightly prominent, seated on a black spot, at length pierced ; sporidia dark brown, bordered, elliptical. — F7\ S,M. ii.p. 487. Fries, exs. no. 189. Eng. Fl. \.p. 270. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 58,/. 84. S. semi-immersa, Grev. Fl. Ed. p. 361. Didymosphreria xylostei, FcM. Sym. Myc.p. 141. Fckl.exs.no. 914. Arnphisph^Bria xylostei, De Not. Sfer.Ital.no, 74. On woodbine. Sporidia (-OOOG-'OOO? in.) •015--0175 m.m. long. 2642. Sphaeria decedens. Fr. " Immersed hazel Sphasria." Gregarious ; perithecia globose, immersed, black, neck straight ; ostiola erumpent, lacerating the epidermis. — Fries, exs. no. 81. Berk. Mag. ZooL ^ Bot. no, 24. Nees.f. 340. Fr. S.M. ii.p. 481. On hazel. Perithecia sometimes solitary, sometimes crowded, immersed in the inner bark, attenuated into a short neck.— i^j-tes. 2643. Sphaeria discutiens. Berk. " Sunken Elm Sphseria." Broadly effused ; perithecia sunk in the inner bark, at length throwing off the epidermis by means of their long, cylindrical, rather scabrous ostiola, covered with a dull black stroma ; spori- dia biseriate or crowded, 1-3 septate, colourless, almond-shaped. — Eng. Fl. v. p. 245. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii, t. ^1 ,f. 112. On elm branches. Perithecia deeply buried. Ostiola long and protruding. Sporidia ("0005 in.) *0127 m.m. long. 2644. Sphaeria fraxinicola. Curr. " Concealed Ash Sphasria." Perithecia sub-lageniform ; ostiolum pointed or nipple-like, base sometimes adnate, piercing the bark ; sporidia uniseriate, elliptical, biseptate, colourless. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv. t. 25, /. 34. B. ^. Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1 098. On dead ash branches. Sept. Near Lewes. 2p 882 SPHJ]:"RIACEI. Perithocia •with the base sometimes adnate to the wood, and leaving a circuhir depression when detached, piercinp^ through the inner bark, and just through the outer j the ostiola fall off with a circumscissile fissure, sometimes the perithecia may be stripped off' with a fragment of the inner bark. Sporidia (•0005-*0(J0Gin.) •012o-"015 m.m. long, biseptate, trinucleate, colourless, the outer membrane and septa sometimes iuvisible- 2645. Sphaezia verecunda. Curr. " Minute eunken Sphaeria." Perithecia siibglobose or conical, very small, with a pointed or nipple-shaped ostiolum, which just penetrates the outer bark. Sporidia pale brown, with 5 (rarely 6) transverse septa, and 1-3 longitudinal septa, constricted at each septum, mostly uniseriate and overlapping, occasionally biseriate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxiv. t. 2i)J. 3. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1099. On sticks. October. Batheaston. Sporidia ('OOOS-'OOl in.) •02--025 m.m. long. 2646. Sphaeria blepharodes. B. cfc Br. " Depressed twig Sphceria." Perithecia covered, depresso-globose ; ostiola twice as long ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, hyaline, fusiform. — B. ^' Br. Ann. I^.H.no.978,t.l7,f.Sl. On twigs of Acer j^seudo-platanus. Mossburnford. Completely covered by the cuticle ; perithecia globose, depressed; ostiola piercing the cuticle, twice as long ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, hyaline, fusiform ('0005 in.) '0127 m.m. long. *^ Endocaul(E. 2647. Sphaeria spiculosa. Pers. " ShiniDg patch Sphaeria." Effused, immersed, black; perithecia globose; ostiola very slender, long, round, erumpent; sporidia narrowly almond- shaped, acuminate, colourless, quadrinucleate, then quadripar- tite.—i^r. S.M.ii.^J. 369. Fries, exs. no. 307. Eng.Fl. y.p. 245. Cooke exs. no. oSl. Curr. Linn. Tra/^s. xxii. ^. 47,/. 111. Fckl. exs. no. 957. Mamiania spiculosa, DeNot. Schenia,p. 37. Euportlie spiculosa, Nke, Fyr. Germ. On willows and herbaceous stems. ♦ var. pulla. Nke. Sperm atia oblong-lanceolate, with 1-2 nuclei ; simple, hyaline. — Fhonia hederce, De&m. exs. no. 350. Fckl exs. no. 1720. SPH^EIACEl. 883 AscoPHORE. — Diaporthe piilla, Nke.Pyr. \.p. 249. Fchl. exs. no. 957. On ivy stems. Staining the branches on which it grows of a bright shining black ; peri-. thecia immersed, irregularly scattered, sometimes grouped, easily known by its black appearance and hair-like ostiola ; sporidia ('0004-*0U05 in.) "01- *0125 m.m. long. 2648. Sphaezia inquilina. Fr. " Black patch Sphseria." Perithecia immersed, covered with the blackened epidermis, latent, very thin, pallid; nucleus black ; ostiola punctiform, black, prominent ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, subfusiform, constricted, 4-nucleate, — Fr. El. ii.p. 100. Fries, exs. no. 402. Eiig. Fl. v. p. 276. Cur7\ Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 58,/. 92. On stems of Umbelliferce. The perithecia frequently drop out, leaving a white hollow in the matrix, closely resembling *S'. spiculosa. Sporidia (•0004-"0005 in.) ■01-'012o m.m. 2649. Sphsezia Bezkeleyi. De^nu " Berkeley's sunken Sphseria." Perithecia minute, latent, immersed in the stem ; ostiola conic -acuminate, punctiform ; asci minute, linear ; sporidia sub- elliptic. — Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat, 1837, yiii. p. 358. /S. angelicoe, Berk. exs. no. 88. Mag. Zool. ^' Bot. no. 28, t. 3,/. 7. On stems of Angelica sylvestris. Mar. King's Cliffe. Minute, invisible to the naked eye, except the stem is wet, then the ex- tremely minute protruded tips of the ostiola are seen in single rows upon the ribs. Perithecia black or brownish, immersed in the woody part of the stem, globose, with an abrupt, conical, subobtuse mouth, pierced with a minute orifice. Contents of the perithecia pink oozing out, and forming a little halo round the ostiolum. Asci minute, linear, containing a few subelliptic sporidia, accompanied by variously sized globules of an oily matter. 2650. Sphsezia scirpicola. B.C. "Bulrush Sphceria." Scattered, minute, black; perithecia immersed, globose, neck very short ; ostiolum naked, punctiform, subglobose ; sporidia oblong, somewhat curyed, triseptate, with the articulations slightly swollen. — i^r. /S'.il/. ii.^;. 511. Fries exs. no. IbO. Eng. Fl. \.p. 21 D. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 641*. On stems of Scirpus lacustris, Typha and Carex. Common. 2p 2 884 SPH^RIACEI. 2651. Sphseria phoxnatospora. B. 4" J^i'. " Little spored Sphieria." Immersed; perithecia depressed, ellipsoid; ostiola papillse- form ; asci linear ; sporidia uniseriate, oblong-elliptic, minute, hyaline, binucleate. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 647, 1. 11,/. 33. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 58,/. 94. On dead potato stalks. March. Gloucestershire. Immersed, and with the exception of the black punctiform ostiolum, quite invisible, being concealed by the woody tissue. Contents of perithecia pale salmon coloured. Asci extremely delicate, linear. Sporidia hyaline, uni- seriate, oblong-elliptic, minute, obtuse, with a single nucleus at either ex- tremity. Closely resembling the spores of a Phoma. — B. d; Br. Sporidia (■0003--0004 in.) 'COro- Ul m.m. long. h. ObtectcB. Perithecia immersed in the bark, with a short, erumpent neck. f Rameales. * Sporidia cylindrical, curved or straight, simple, rarely sep- tate, hyaline. — Ciyj^tosj^hceria, DeNot. 2652. Sphseria lanata. Fr. "Woolly-brown Sphaeria." Perithecia covered, free, globose, clad with ferruginous-brown wool ; ostiola erumpent, black ; sporidia minute, curved, hyaline ; asci broadly elliptic. — Fr. /S.M. ii.^. 482. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 185. Fries, exs. no. 159. Fckl. exs. no. 805. Enchnoa lanata, Fr. S. V.S.J). 393. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 150, t. iv./ 15. On birch. Appin. Perithecia very large. 2653. Sphsezia glis. B.^^Cwr. " Dormouse Sphseria." Perithecia depressed in the middle, nestling beneath the cu- ticle, astomous ; mycelium amjjle, tomentose, brown ; sporidia oblong, pale brown, curved, very obtuse, quadrinucleate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 884. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. /. 57,/. 1. Fdd. exs. no. 2252. Enchnoa glis, FcJd. Sym. Myc.p. 150. On oak twigs. Sept. Weybridge. Completely concealed by the cuticle, which shows when removed a dense mycelium containing numerous depressed astomous perithecia. Sporidia (■0008-"0009in.), •02-"022 m.m. long, sausage-sbaped, very obtuse, 4-nucleate. Intermediate between S. lanata and S. hirta. — B. 6: Br, Perithecia rather SPHiERTACEI. 885 lar^e, round and very flat, seated on a dense subiculum, usually entirely hidden beneath the bark, not erurapent, but raising the bark into smooth, rounded, or elongated swellings ; perithecia and subiculum usually of a dark dirty-green tinge. — F.C. 2854. Sphseria pruinosa. Fr. " Frosted Sphaeria." Gregarious ; perithecia covered, depressed, adnate with the epidermis, frosted with grey meal ; ostiola bursting forth in a buUate manner. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 486. Fries, exs. no. 82. Moug. exs. no. 968. Eng. Fl. v. p. 269. Berk. exs. no. 85. On ash twigs. Spring. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] Easily known when perfect by the grey frosted perithecia, which are deeply nmbilicate beneath, by collapsing an I separate, together with the epidermis, from the inner bark ; sometimes, however, they are retained by the bark, and in that case the mealiness is seen only with great difficulty. Ostiola bursting through the cuticle and making the matrix rough, like a nutmeg grater, pierced with a round, depressed orifice, — M.J.B. 2655. Sphaeria vibratilis. Fr. " Hidden Sloe Sphasria." Scattered ; perithecia entire, covered, globoso-depressed, even, black ; ostioluni verv minute, latent ; sporidia cylindrical, curved, minute, hyaline. — Fr. S.M. \\. p. 482. Fries, exs. no. 315. Eng. Fl.y. p. 278. Crf/pto^phceria vibratilis, De Not. Schema p. hi . Micro. Ital. viii. 10. Calosphceria vibratilis, Nke. Pyr. Germ. p. 97. On dead sloe. When the epidermis is stripped off and held to the light, it is found to be perforated by the minute ostiola, though externally there is but a very slight indication of the presence of the perithecia.— J/./.S. " Sporidia uniseriate, pale-brown, oblong-elliptic, slightly curved ; endo- chrome bipartite."— Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii./. 74. 2656. Sphaeria xnillepunctata. Grev, " Thousand Point Sphaeria." Scattered ; perithecia globose, persistent, black ; ostiola slightly prominent, very minute punctiform, flattened ; sporidia biseriate, or crowded, pale-brown, curved. — Grev. t. 201. S. corticis, Sow. t. 372, /. 5. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 481. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59,/. 108. Fchl.exs.no. 908. Berk. exs. no. ^^. S.populina, Pers. Ic. Pict. t. 21, f, 5, 6. CryptosphcBria millepunctata, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 212. On ash twigs. Common. At first sight from the smoothness of the branches on which it grows re- sembling a Verrucaria. Sporidia (•0006-*0012 in.) '0i5-'03 m.m. long. 886 SPH^RIACEI. 2657. Sphaeria salicella. Fr. •' Minute-willow Sphgeria," CoNiDiA. — Conidia oblong, straic^ht or curved, obtuse, hyaline uniseptate. — Disrella carbonacea, B. ^- Br. no. 426. Fhacidium, Fckl exs. iwAlOO. AscoPHOp.E. — Covered; perithecia distinct, minute, seated be- neath elongated pale patches of th.e epidermis ; ostiola cylindri- cal, erumpent ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, uniseptate, ellip- tical, ofton constricted. — Fr. S.M. \\.p. 377. Fries, exs. no. 188. Enri. Fl.v.p. 278. FcJd. exs. no. 800. iJiaporthe salicis, Nke. Fckl. exs. no. 1987. Cniptospora salicella, Fckl. Sijm. Myc.p. 193. S. "^rrlicina, Ciirr. Linn. Titans, xxii. t. 48,/. 149. On willow branches. Common. [U^d. Carolina.] Spori.lia (-0009 in.) '022 m.m. long. 2658. Spheeria ocellata. Fr. *' Eyelet Sphseria." Scattered ; perithecia immersed, globose, per.-istent, black ; ostiola solitary, umbilicate, exserted from a truncate white disc ; sporidia colourless, slightly curved, rounded or acute at the ends. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 480. Eng. Fl. v. p. 268. Curr. Linn.Trans. xxii. t. 58,/. 86. *S'. hrevis. Sow. t. 394,/ 4. Halonia ocellata^ Fr. S.V. S. p. 397. Cryptosphceria ocellata, De Not. Schema 2^. 57. On branches of ash, willow, &c. Externally it at first sight resembles the state of Stktis radiafa with an en- tire border, on a more minute investigation it might be taken for Valsa nivea or V. leucostoma, but the perithecia are solitary without any conceptaculum. —M.J.B. Sporidia (-0004 in.) "01 m.m. long. 2659. Sphaeria farcta. B. d: Br. " Stuffed Sphseria." Covered, scattered ; perithecia solitary, globose, at length col- lapsed ; neck short ; ostiolum obtuse, at length perforating the cuticle ; asci clavate, obtuse ; sporidia oblong, rather obtuse at either end, 3-4 nucleate. — B. ^ Br. Ann, N.H. no. 631,^. 10,/ 15. On dead elm twigs. Jan. Batheaston. Scattered, scarcely conspicuous externally except from the slight projec- tion over each perithecium, which is at length perforated by the obtuse os- tiolum, Perithecia globose, collapsing when dry; neck short; asci clavate, eubcylindrical, obtuse, filled with numerous oblong-linear sporidia, which are slightly obtuse at either end, and contain three or more globose nuclei. Resembles externally V. hypodermia, but the perithecia are solitary and the fruit different.—^, cfc Br. SPH^EIACEI. 887 2S80. Sphaeria revelata. B. S^ Br. " Uncovered SphEeria." Covered, globose, large ; ostiola short, papill^eform, ultimately- exposed ; asci linear, flexuous ; sporidia iiniseriate, oblong, bi- septate. — B. ^' Br. Ann. X.H. no. 634, t. 11,/. 18. On branches of lilac, alder, &c. Jan. Apethorpe. A.t first completely concealed beneath the rough bark, and at length only man'fest from the ostiola thrusting off little patches o'' the matrix, and then appearing solitary or scattered on white spots. Perithecia globose, large ; ostiola papilloe'^orm. distinct ; asci linear, flexuous ; piraphyses long, slender ; sporidia uniseriat*, oblong, hyaline, biseptate, with very distinct endo- chromes. — B, & Br. 2661. Sphaeria quadxinucleata. Curr. "Four-nucleate Spheeria.'' Perithecia small, subglobose ; ostiola mamillate, piercing the outer bark ; sporidia biseriate, closely packed, colourless, nar- rowly oblong, pointed or rounded at the ends, quadrinucleate. — Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. p.3'2D, t. 58,/. 90. On sticks. Sept. "Weybridge. Sporidia ("0006 in.) '015 m.m. long. 2662. Sphaeria aucta. B. 4' ^^- *' Appendiculate Alder Sphaeria." Scattered, covered ; perithecia globose, collapsed, minutely tomentose, neck oblique, constricted below, confluent with the shortly fusiform ostiolum ; asci large ; sporidia oblong-elliptic, appendiculate at either end, 1-3 septate. — B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. 7Z0. G28, <. 10,/. 11. Fckl.exs.no. 1998. Calospora aucta, Fckl. Syin. M}jc. p. 191. Cryptospora aucta, Tul. Carp. \\.p. 152. On twigs of birch and alder. Scattered, scarcely visible externally, except from the swelling of the bark above the perithecia. Perithecia globose, obscurely tomentose, soon collapsed. Asci broad, d'^licate. Sporidia elliptic, with a truncate process at either extremity ; at first uniseptate, with an endochrome of the same form as the cells. This eventually is divided into two nuclei, between which a new septum is formed, so that the sporidia have either one or three septa, in which latter ease there is a constriction at each articulation. — B. d: Br. 2663. Sphaeria ditopa. Fr, " Variable Alder Sphaeria." Scattered ; perithecia covered, free, globose, at length col- lapsed, black ; ostiola erumpent ; asci polysporous, or octo- sporous ; sporidia hyaline. — Crypiospora suffusa, var. minor, Tul. Carp. li.p. 145. 888 SPH^RTACEl. forma, polyspora. Sporidia crowded, numerous, oblong, narrow, rounded, or somewhat pointed at the ends. — Sphceria ditopa,Fr. S.M.u.p.381. B. f Br. Ann. NJl. ix.7io. 631. t.lO, f. 15*. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^ 58,/. 89. Fckl. exs. no. 799. Cooke exs. no. 384. Cryptosphcpria ditopa, De Not. Schema. forma, octospora. Sporidia biseriate, oblong-elliptic, obtuse at either end, biseptate. — Spha^ria conformis, B. 4' Br. Ann. N. H. no. 035, t. 11,/. 19. Curr. Linn. Traw5. xxii. t. 58, /. 88. On dead alder twigs. Both forms are usually associated together. Messrs. Tulasne consider them as a minor condition of Valsa suffasa, to which we are at present un- willing to a-sent without further evidence. The sporidia in the polysporous form are ( 000G-'0007 in.) ■01o-'0177 m.na. long, and in the octosporous form (•000~--0003in.) -0177- 02 m.m. long. % Spjoridia mostly fusiform, 4-nucleate or multiseptate, hyaline. 2664. Sphsexia vepris. I)e Laer. " Hidden Bramble Sphgeria." Perithecia very small, punctifurm, just penetrating the bark with their minute ostiola ; sporidia biseriate, colourless, sub- fusiform, wide in the centre, sides flexuous, usually elongated at each end into a hyaline, mucronate appendage, quadrinucleate. — Rahh. F.E.no.^A.3. Fckl. exs. no. 1994. Sphceria rnibi, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. b8,f. 91. S})ha^riarostellata,f. minor, Desm. exs. no. 783. Diaporthevepris,Nke.Pyr. Germ. p. 300. On bramble. Sept. Weybridge. 2665. Sphsezia sepincola. Fr. " Hidden stem Sphaeria." Gregarious ; perithecia covered, globose, opaque, subrugose, white within, with a central nucleus, pierced with a simple ostio- lum ; asci slender, clavate ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, subfusi- form, hyaline.— Fr S.M. ii. p. 498. Eng. Fl. v. p. 271. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.TI. no. G36*. ?. 11,/ 21. Fchl.exs.no. 2026. Cooke exs. no. 263. S. Gardneri, Berk. Fl. For/. On various plants. [^P- Carolina.] Fuckel describes the sporidia as triseptate. 2666. Sphaeria persistens. B. .. " Dark spored sedge SphaBria." Gregarious ; perithecia globose, black, covered with, the browned epidermis ; ostiola rather prominent, punctiform ; asci linear; sporidia Terjdark brown, subcvmbiform. — Berk. Antarct, Fl. Crypt, p. 59, t. 6S,f. 4. B. 4- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 651, t. UJ. 38. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59,/. 127. On Carex pendula. The sporidJa are brown ('0004 in.) •01 m.m. long. Perithecia minnte, pnnctiform, seated beneath small bro^n spots, which are distinctly visible to the naked eye. Asci at first short, and the sporidia pellucid, at length the asci become linear, and the sporidia brown, with a large globose nucleus, rarely a septum is formed after the sporidia have acquired their colour. C. Sporidia linear, \ijQ\inQ=( Raphidospora^ Be Not.) 2700. Sphaeria rubella. Pers. " Red spot Sphgeria." Scattered ; perithecia erumpent, sub-depressed, at length black ; surrounded by a red stain ; ostiolum conic ; sporidia filiform, length of the ascus, colourless, or yellowish. — Pers. Syn p. 03. Nees. f.'db?>. Berk. exs. no. 252. Cooke exs. no. 274. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 506. Fries exs. no. 240. Fckl. exs. no. 1^1 . Eng. Fl.y. ;?. 274. Todef. 72. Curr. Linn. Trans. :5ix[i.t. 59,/. 186. Ba/jJiidospora rubella, Fckl. Syrn.Myc.p. 135. Leptospora rubella, Eabh. exs. no. b32. On herbaceous stems. Common. [Low. & Mid. Carolina.] Easily known by the reddish or purple spot which covers the portion of the stem on which the sphaeria is produced, and which sometimes stains the perithecia. Sporidia (■0"7-*008 in.) *177-'2 m.m. long. 2701. Sphaeria urticae. Rahh. " Nettle Sphasria." Perithecia scattered, or aggregated, black, covered bj the cuticle ; ostiola erumpent, pierced, gaping ; asci cylindrical, straight or curved ; sporidia the length of the ascus, filiform, articulated, yellowish. — Rhapludospora urticce, Eabh.exs.no. 745. Fckl. exs. no. 1759. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 125. On nettle stems. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) The mouth of the perithecium is large and open, looking like a minute Peziza. There are no red spo'"S, as in .S'. ruhdla, which the fruit resembles, but the perithecia differ considerably. Sporidia ('008 in.) "2 m.m. long. 2702. Sphaeria acuminata. Soiv. *•' Thistle Sphgeria.'" Gregarious ; perithecia sub-immersed, ovate, black ; ostiola erumpent, conical, acute ; sporidia linear, very long, at length 900 SPH^RIACEI. miiltiseptato. — Fr. ^.J/. ii./>. 506. Berlc. Ann. N.H. no. 189, 639*, ^ 11,/. 26. Sow. t. 394,/. 3. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59,/. 133. Cooke exs. no. 264. Sphreria carduorum, Wallr. Fl. Germ.'w.i-). 805. Rhaphidospora carduoimm, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 256. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 125. Fckl. exs. no. 786. Rhaphidospora dis- se?mnans, Fckl. exs. no. 780. Ophiobolus disseminans, Reiss. Hedw. 1854, no. 6. On thistles and burdock. Common. [Up. & Mid. Carolina.] The sporidia at first contain numerous nuclei witliout articulations, later, however, the articulations are very manifest, about twenty. One articula- tion swollen, usually the second. 2703. Sphaeria ulnaspora. Coohe. " Bent- spored nettle Sphgeria." Fig. 396. Perithecia scattered, covered by the cuticle, depressed, black; mouth large, piercing the cuticle ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia linear, length of the ascus, unequally triseptate and constricted ; joints becoming 2-3 or more septate, without constriction, bent angularly when free, twisted in the ascus, hyaline, yellowish. On nettle stems. Shere. The perithecia are large and flattened, after the manner of S. doliolum, covered by tlie cuticle, through which they are visible when moist, scarcely when dry. The sporidia are very curious, being twisted near the apex of the ascus, when free they are bent angularly, like a knee joint, with two or three constricted septa at unequal distances. Quite distinct from the fruit S. acum inata, and very different from that of *S. coniformis. (Fig. 396, sporidium.) 2704. Sphaeria herpotricha. Fr. " Hairy Grass Sphseria." Scattered ; perithecia free, subcorneal, black, covered with decumbent brown hairs ; ostiolum subpapill^eform ; asci long, clavate ; sporidia acicular, very long, containing numerous sporules. — Fr. S.MAi.p.bO^. Fries, exs.no. 62. Rhaphidospora herpotricha, Tul. Carp. ii./). 255. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 125. Rha- phidospora Lacroixii, Mont. Syll.p. 251. Fckl. exs. no. 781. On dead grass stems, and on Carices. SPH^RIACEl. 901 Sporidia probably at lengtb multiseptate. The hairs of the perithecia on Car ices are rigid aud erect, but the species is evidently the same. 2705. Sphsexia eucrypta. B. 4- Br. " Hidden Sedge iSphaeria." Covered ; perithecia ovate, delicate, springing from scattered, branched threads ; neck very short ; asci clavate ; sporidia linear- fusiform, with several irregular endochromes. — B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 652, 1. 12, f. 40. On leaves of Carex pendula. Jan. Batheaston. Scarcely visible unless the leaf is held up to the light. Perithecia delicate, ovate, with a very short neck and round aperture, like a little India rubber bottle, springing from threads which are mostly branched at right angles. Asci very delicate, clavate. Sporidia ("05 in.) "127 m.m., linear-fusiform, with several endochromes, varying much in size. This species is very liable to be overlooked unless the leaves chance to be saturated with moisture. — B.^Br. 2706. Sphseria helicospora. B. 4' Br. " Spiral spored Sphseria." Covered ; perithecia subglobose ; asci clavate ; sporidia linear, very long, spirally involute. — B. ^-Br. Ann. N.H. no. 653. On leaves of Cyperacece. West of England. Distinguished by its extremely long spirally disposed sporidia, which re- semble those o? Hysterium apiculatum. — B.4' Br. 2707. Sphseria caxiceti. B. 8f Br. " Long-spored grass Sphferia." Perithecia subglobose, immersed, minute; ostiola punctiform; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, linear, curved, acute at each ex- tremity.—5. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 983, t. 17, f. 35. In marshy ground, on Air a ccespitosa. Dec. Sporidia (•003.-004 in.) '(yjo-'l m.m. long. D. Sporidia fusiform multiseptate^(i^7;^05/)^cFna, De Not.) 2708. Sphseria acuta. JJong. " Cone-shaped Sph^ria." Spermogoxia. — Subgregarious ; perithecia subglobose, even, black, shining ; ostiolum beaked, straight, cylindrical, obtuse ; spermatia minute, hyaline, simple. — Sphceria acuta, Fries, exs. no. 118. Eng. Fl.v.p. 274. Aposphceria acuta, Berk. Outl.p. 315. AscoPHORE. — Scattered ; perithecia conical, even, shining, black ; ostiola thick, confluent, obtuse, pierced ; sporidia bi- seriate, yellow, slightly curved, 5-11 septate. — Moug. exs. no. 902 SPH^RIACEI. 181. Fchl. exs. no. 900. Coohe exs. no. 2G5. Sphceria coni- formis,Fr.S.M.u.p.b08. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 190. Grev. t. 239,/. 1. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59./. 126. De Not. Schema., ^.48 {not Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 136.) Fckl. exs.no.2\Q'^. Pleospora acuta, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 135. On nettle stems. Common. [Mid. & Up. Carolina.] 2709. Sphaeiria pellita. Fr. " Bearded Herb Sphasria." CoNiDiA. — Tufts broadly expanded, dark brown, branches divergent, short ; conidia oblong, septate, hyaline, smooth. — Brachycladium penicillatum, Corda. Ic.ii.t. 10,/ 63. Fckl. exs, no. 57. AscoPHORE. — Gregarious ; perithecia conico-rotund, black, encircled with hairs of the same colour ; ostiola papillasform ; asci clavate ; sporidia crowded, multisejjtate, fusiform, yellow, with a swollen joint (3rd or 4th). — Fr. S.M.ii.p. 503. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59,/. 129. Pleosp)ora pellita, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 268, t. 31,/ 10-13. Rahh. exs. no. 749. On dead herbaceous stems. Sporidia (-OOlS-'OOiein.) •035--04 m.m. 2710. Sphaeria dolioluxn. Pers. ** Constricted Sphseria." Conidia. — Said to be Periconia byssoides, Pers. Syn. p. 686. Fckl. exs. no. 1626. Spermogonia. — Mixed with the ascophores; spermatia minute, hyaline. — Sphceria svffulta, Nees. Fckl. exs. no. 898. AscoPHORE. — Scattered; perithecia conico-rotund, papillary, black, shining, folded concentrically ; sjioridia biseriate, yellowish, slightly curved, 3-5 septate, constricted. — Pers. Ic. ^ Desc. t. 10,/ 5, G. Moug. exs. no. 571. Fckl. exs. no. 901. Eng.Fl. y.p. 275. Fr. S.M.ii.p.bOd. Fries, exs. wo. 321. Berk.exs.no. 290. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. 2?. 329, xxv. j9. 259 Cryptosphceria doli- olnm, Grev. t. 239,/ 2. Baxt. exs. 7zo. 31. Pleospora doliolum, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 276. Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 135. Leptosphceria doliolum, De Not. Schema, p. 61. On herbaceous stems. [United States.] var. conoidea. Perithecia conical, truncate; sporidia curved, triseptate. — De Not. Micro. Ital. dec. ix./ 7. Sphceria Helence, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. t. 59,/ 137. On herbaceous stems. SPH^EIACEl. 903 Sporidia ('001 in.) •025 m.tn. long. In an authentic specimen of Persoon's the sporidia are triseptate, and slightly constricted (F.C.). The second joint of the sporidia in the typical form is sometimes swollen. 2711. Sphaeria agnita. Desm. " Hemp Agrimony Sphferia." Scattered, erumpent, soon naked ; perithecia minute, sub- globose, flattened at the base, black, somewhat shining, seated on an effused, greyish spot ; ostiola papillteform, pierced ; asci elongated, stipitate ; sporidia fusiform, 5-6 septate, constricted at the middle, pale yellow. — Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1851, xvi. p. 313. Desm. exs. no. 713. Fckl. exs. no. 888. Cooke exs. no. 277. Pleospora agnita, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 135. Leptosphceria agnita, De Not. Schema. p. 61. On stems of Eupatorium cannahinum. 2712. Sphaezia alliaziae. Awd. " Blackened Sphasria." Pycnidia. — Gregarious ; perithecia irregular, convex, soon depressed and concave, rugose, black ; stylospores small, oblong, with a sporule at each extremity. — Plioma lingam, Desm. Ann. S.N. x.\. p. 2S1. Tode.u.p. bl,f.i6. Desm. exs. no. 1877. See ante no. 1213. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia scattered over an indeterminate, blackened spot, at length free, obtuse, black ; ostiola minute ; asci somewhat clavate (nearly cylindrical) ; sporidia fusiform, slightly curved, 3-5 septate, the middle dissepiment often a little constricted. — Rahh. exs. no. 261. Cooke Seem. Journ. 1866./. 19. Sphaeria maculans, Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. vi. 184:6, p. 77. Fckl. exs. no. 1793. Pleospora maculans, Tul. Carp. ii. p. 274. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 135. Leptosphoeria maculans, De Not. Schema. p. 61. On stems of Erysimum alliaria, &c. The specific name of AUiariiem.^ oi Senecio Jacohcea. Dundee. [Up. Carolina?] Perithecia scattered, covered by the cuticle, depressed, with a decided, ob- tuse, papillgeform ostiolum ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, fusiform, con- sisting of two apposed cones, the sides of which are slightly hollowed out, each division containing three endochromes. Externally it resembles S.ker- barum. — B. d: Br. 2718. Sphseria xnodesta. Besfu, '' Figwort Sphasria." Scattered ; perithecia globoso-depressed, minute, at first covered with the epidermis, then naked, black, short, shining ; ostiola papillate, obtuse ; asci large, clavate ; sporidia fusiform, rather obtuse, curved, 4-6 septate, third joint swollen. — Desm. exs. no. 1786. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 64-4, t. 11,/. 30. Lib. exs. no. 244. On dead stems of ScropJmlaria. May. Glen Isla. The peculiar character is the swelling out of the third joint of the curved, multiseptate, subfusiform sporidia. Asci clavate and not cylindrical as in S. complanata. 2719. Sphaeria sabiiietorum. B,&Bi\ " Large-spored Grass SphaBi-ia," Scattered, covered ; perithecia subglobose, at length collapsed ; ostiola pierced^ asci large, cylindrical; sporidia fusiform, nodu- lose.—^. ^'Br. Ann. K.H. no. 650, t. 12,/. 36. On dead leaves of Amniophila aruncUnacea. May, Sands of Barrie. Perithecia scattered, concealed, with the exception of the pertused ostio- lum, subglobose, at length collapsed; asci large, rather short, cylindrical, very obtuse ; sporidia at first globose or obovate, uniseptate, eventually one joint produces three endochromes, and the other four, the fourth being seated in the centre of the compound fusiform sporidium, and much larger than the rest. There is a constriction between each endochrome. — B. q Br. 2720. Sphaeria tritorulosa. B. 4' Sr. " Willow Herb Sphseria." Subcuticular, semi-immersed, subglobose ; ostiola papillgeform ; asci elongated ; sporidia tritorulose. — Ann. N.H. no. 778, t. 16, /. 15. Leptosphcerid tritorulosa, De Not. Schema, p. Q'2. 2g 906 SPHJERIACEI. On dead stems of Ej^ilohium hirsutum. At first covered by the cuticle, then exposed, half immersed ; perithecia subglobose, with a papillaoform ostiolum ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia oblong ('OOOfi-OOOrin.) "OIS-'OIZ m.m, long, containing three nuclei, and with two constrictions. 2721. Sphaeriatriglochinicola. Ciirr. " Triglochin Sphasria." Perithecia minute, subglobose, situate beneath the epidermis, which is pierced by the papillate ostiolum; sporidia biseriate, triseptate, oblong in a front row, curved in a side view, constricted at the septa, yellow. — Curr.Linn. Trans, xxiv.^. 158,^. 25,/. 15. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 1100. On carpels and stems of Triglochinpalustre. Oct. Near Ring- mer, Sussex. Sporidia (*0015 in.) '035 m.m. long, varying slightly. 2722. Sphaeria Thwaitesii. B. d: Br. " Thwaites's Sphseria." Perithecia minute, convex, flattened at the base, mycelium of very delicate ieruginous threads traversing the matrix; asci cy- lindrical ; sporidia oblong-clavate, slightly curved, obtuse, with four endochromes. — B. 4' Br. Arm. N.H. no. G16, t. 11,/. 32. On stems of Umhelliferce. Jan. Bristol. Perithecia minute, convex above, flattened below, arranged in short lines, seated on the woody fibres, which are traversed and covered with very deli- cate anastomosing veidigris green threads ; asci cylindrical or subclavate, rather short ; sporidia biseriate, oblongo-clavate, obtuse at either extremity, slightly curved, containing about four endochromes ; in some instances naked, oblong, slightly curved spores, with five endochromes, the gelatinous mass having a pale sea-green tint.— ^. ^' Br. 2723. Sphaeiia echinella. Cooke. " Hedgehog Sphaeria." Gregarious, subcuticular ; perithecia globose, black, covered with short, rigid black hairs slightly raising, and piercing the cu- ticle ; ostiola obtuse ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia uniseriate, straight or slightly curved, triseptate, constricted, pale-brown. — Cooke exs. no. 267. On stems of Atriplex, &c. Kentish Town. The perithecia often become exposed by the shelling off of the cuticle, col- lected in patches of two or three inches in length, but not crowded ; wholly or partially surrounding the stem ; the cuticle is slightly raised, and punc- tate with the black ostiola. Sporidia closely resembling those of S. pulviS' pyrius. SPH^RIACEI. 907 E. Sporidia simple, or uniseptate, hyaline. 2724. Sphaeria curvirostra. Soiv. "Curved-beak SpbaBria." Gregarious ; perithecia covered, ovate, black ; ostiola erum- pent, equal, sraooth, oblique. — Soiv. t. 373,/. 5. F?\ S.M. ii.p. 507. On stems of Umhelliferce. ** This is very minute, its spherulae are imbedded in the plant on which they grow. The mouth is in length nearly twice the diameter of the spherule, standing obliquely." — Sovcerhy. 2725. Sphaeria rostellata. Fr. •' Clustered-beak Spbaeria." Gregarious, black ; perithecia covered, subrotund, at length depressed above ; ostiola erumpent, cylindrical, or slightly atten- uated ; asci oblong ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, curved, with four nuclei, hyaline. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 476. Fr. Obs. i. t. 3, f. 3. Eng. Fl.v.p. 2&7. FcJd.exs.no. 920. Diaporthe rostellata, Nke.Pyr. Germ. p. 298. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 208. On branches of rose and bramble. Minute, growing beneath the epidermis, and having much the habit of .S'. acuta (coiuforniis). 2726. Sphaezia cruciferarum. Desm. " Crucifer Sphaeria.'' Scattered ; perithecia innate, hemispherical, turgid, even, black, shining; ostiola simple, pierced ; asci shortly clavate; sporidia clustered, long-elliptic, unisejjtate, hyaline. — Fr. S.M. ii. p. 525. Desm. exs. no. 985. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 191. On Erysimum officinale. 2727. Sphaeria superfiua. Awd. " Clouded Sphagria." Spermogonia. — Perithecia half the size of the ascophores ; spermatia very numerous, cylindrical, curved, minute. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia black, covered by the epidermis; subglobose, pierced, scattered, very numerous ; asci fasciculate, oblong, curved ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, uniseptate, hyaline. — Fckl. exs. no. 884. Sphcerella superjlua, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 102. Sphceria nebnlosa, Schm. ^ Kze. exs. no. 54 ? On nettle stems. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) 2728. Sphaeria nigrella. Ir. " Spotted Angelica Sphaeria." Perithecia subglobose, even, umbilicate, perforated, black, nestling in determinate elongated black spots ; sporidia biseriate, 2q 2 908 SPHiERIACET. colourless, fusiform ; cndocLrome biiiartite. — Fr. Ohs. i. t. 4,/. 2. B. ^ Br. Ann. N. H. no. 649*. Fr. S.M. \i.p. 512. Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii t. GO,/. 130. Cooke exs. no. 393. On Angelica sylvestris. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ('0008 in.) '02 m.m. long. 2729. Sphaeria planiuscula. B.^'Br. " Flattened Sphaeria." Scattered, somewhat plane ; ostiola obscure ; asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, uniseptate, irregularly thickened in the centre.—^. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 891, 1. 11,/. 35. On dead herbaceous stems. Minute, scattered, covered by the cuticle, depressed, with an obscure ostiolum. Asci clavate ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, uniseptate, slightly but irregularly swollen at the commissure, the one articulation generally being more swollen than the other ('0006 in.) '015 m.m. long. — B.ent, spinulose, surrounded with a white, fringe- Ike collar; sporidia colourless, simple, ovate, attenuated at each extremity. — Batseh. f. 231. Fr. S.jlf. ii. 436. Fries, exs. no. 201. ^fo/ff. exs. no. 877. Grev. t. 330. Eng.Fl. Y.p. 267. Fckl. exs. 710. 881. Mamiania coryli, De Not. Schema, p. hi . Gnomonia coryli, Fell. Sym. Myc.p. 120. On living leaves of hazel. Eeseipbling S. fimhriat a, hni QdiSily distinguished by the distinct perithecia, which are generally disposed in a circle. 2737. Sphaszia avellanae. ScTim. " Scattered hazel 8i)ha3ria." Scattered, subhemispherical, black, covered with divergent, radiating, greyish-brown hairs ; ostiola pai:»il]£elorm, shining- black ; asci clavato-cylindrical; sporidia ovate. — Schm. M.H. \,p. 64. Berk. exs. no. 182. Ann. N.H. no. 101. Fr. S.M. ii. p. 515. On dead hazel leaves. 2738. Spheeiria tubaeformis. Tode. " Alder-leaf Fpbgeria." Ster'mogo^i A=Le2)tothy7^iu?n cylindrosp)ermuni.,Bon. Rabh. F. E. no. 678. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia subglobose, covered, smooth; ostiolum straight, beaked, nearly equal, earthy-tawny ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, colourless, elliptical, or subcymbiform. — Todef. 128. Moug. exs. no. 280. Fr. S.M . ii. p. 516. Fries exs. no. 26. Grev. f. 335,/. i. E7ig. Fl.Y. p.211 . Curr. Li7in. Trans.xxii.t. b9,J. 140. Cejmtostoma tuh(jeforme,De Not. Schema, p 54. Gnomonia tuhcBformis, Fckl. Sym, Myc. p. 120. Fckl. exs. no. 866. On dead leaves (alder, &c.) [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ('OOOo in.) '0127 m.m. long. 2739. Sphsezia gnomon. Tode. " Common Beaked Spbgeria." Perithecia black, erumpent, often collapsed; ostiolum elon- gated, clavate, straight, black; asci stipitate ; sporidia crowded, narrowly fusiform, curved, with numerous nucleoli. — Todef. 125. SPH^RIACEI. 911 Sow. t. 373,/. 6. Fr. SJf. u.p. 517. Fries exs. no. 285. Grev. t. 335, /. 2. Eng. Fl. v, p. 211 . Purt. iii. no. 1521. 5gr^. 6a:s. no. 38. Criiptosphceria gnomon, Grev. Fl. ed.p.SQO. Gnomonia vul- garis, De Not. Schema p. 58. Fchl. exs. no. 867. On hazel leaves. Winter and early spring. [Mid. Carolina.] 2740. Sphsezia setacea. Pers. " Hair-beaked Sphgeria." VYC^iT)\k=Discosia clypeata, De Not. Fres. Beitr.p. 68. Fckl. exs. no. 453. Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 121, t.2,f. 2S. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia covered, globose ; ostiola bristle- like, attenuated, black ; sporidia biseriate, colourless or greenish, pointed at each extremity, and often aristate, triseptate when mature. — Pers. Syn.p. 62. Fr. S.M.'ii. p. 518. Fries exs. no. 286. Purt. MS S. Johnst. FL Berw. Eng. Fl. v. p. 277. Berk. Outl.p. 401. Be?^k. exs. 184. Cwr. Linn. Trans, t. 59,/. 145. Fckl. exs. no. 811. Wallr. Fl. Germ. p. 802. Gnomonia setacea, De Not. Schema, p. 58. Cooke exs. no. 161. var. petiolae. On petioles of sycamore, &c. — Sphceriapetioli, Fuckel.exs.b31. Enum. Fung. Nass. p. 68. DeNot. Schema, p. 49. Cooke Jour n. Bot. Cooke.exs.no. 1%2. Gnomonia Cerastis, Reiss. Gnomonia ischnostyla, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 121. var. epiphyllae. On leaves of oak, sycamore, maple, &c. — Sphceria inclinata, Desm. Gnomonia setacea, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 121. Cooke L.F. no. SI. On the petioles, nerves, &c., of the leaves of various trees, especially Acer pseudoplatanus. [Mid. Carolina.] Sporidia ('0006 in.) '015 m m. long. 2741. Sphaeria ariae. D.C. " Beam-leai Sphceria." PYCNiDiA=Z)z5C05za artocrcas, Fr. S. V.S.p. 423 (in Sorbo.) AscoPHORE — Scattered, minute ; perithecia covered, depressed, sub-latent ; ostiolum straight, equal, slender, black ; asci and sporidia?— D.C. Fl.Fr.\i.p. 131. Fr S.M.ii. p. bll . Fckl. exs. no. 877. Gnomonia arice, Fckl. Sym. Myc.p. 121. On leaves of Pijrus aria. Darenth. The specimens found were immature, the sporidia not being formed, so that the characters cannot be given. The fruit seems to be matured during the winter, whilst the leaves lie on the ground, as in allied species. 912 SPH^EIACEI. Gen. 357. SFH^RELLA, De Not. Perithecia membranaceous, immersed or semi-immersed, scarcely pajDillate ; sporidia elliptical or oblong, two or more celled, rarely simple, hyaline, pale or colourless. — De Not. Schema, p. 62. Sphceina (jFoliicolceJ, Fr. (in part), Cooke — 'f^\'^-- Brit. Fungi, edit. 2, p. 159. ~"^~-^^^^' (Fig.Sd7.) Fig. 397. 2742. Sphserella xnaculseforznis. " Patchy Sphasrella." Spermogoxia. — Spots minute, rounded, whitish with a brown margin ; peiithecia 1-3, yery minute, innato-prominent, black, pierced ; spermatia elongated, very slender, curved. — Sej)toria quercina, Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847, viii. 25. FcJd. exs. no. 433. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia innate, but slightly prominent, puncti- form, globose, black, crowded together into an unequal spot (or scattered) ; asci small, cylindrical ; sporidia uniseriate or bi- seriate, uniseptate, the lower cell narrower than the upper. — CooJce Seem.Journ. 1866, t. 49,/. 7. FcM. exs.no. 817, 1781, 1782, 1783. Sphceiia maculceformis, Pers. Syn.p. 90. Fr. Sys. Myc. ii. ;?. 524. Berh.Eng.Fl.Y. p.2,p.21d>. Outl. p. 401. Sow. t. 370, /. 7. Berk. exs. no. 338. Cooke exs. no. 170. Cooke L.F. no. 83. Johnst. Fl. Berw. ii. ^. 129. On fallen leaves. Common. var. Q. aequalis. Perithecia casspitose ; sporidia having both cells nearly globose and equal. [United States.] Sporidia ('0003 in.) '0075 m.m. long. 2743. Sphaeiella sparsa. A7vd. *' Scattered Spharella." Hypophyllous. Perithecia black, innate, more or less densely scattered, or somewhat gregarious, globose ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia biseriate or uniseriate, obovate-oblong, uniseptate, upper cell broadest, constricted, hyaline. — Awd. Gonn. ^' Rahh. \.p. 4, t. 2,/. 27,22. Sphceria sparsa, Wallr. p. 772. Sphceriacorylaria, SPH^RIACEl. 913 Wallr. p. 770. Cooke L.F. no. SS. FcJcl. exs. no. 84^7. Sphc^reUa maculcEformis, var. a. centigrana. Seem. Journ. Bat. (1866) no, 1. Cooke exs.no. 169. On cLesnut and hazel leaves. 2744. Sphaerella salicicola. Fr. " Willow-leaf Sphferella." Macul^form or scattered ; peritliecia innate, iDunetiform, glo- bose, black, shining ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia uniseriate or bi- seriate, uniseptate, hyaline. — Sphceria salicicola, Fr. S.M.ii.p. On le2iYes of Sal IX. April. Shere. (E.G.) The perithecia have a very peculiar appearance with their large ostiola. Habit of S. maculceformis, but spores twice the size, '0006 in. 2745. Sphaerella crataegi. Ickl. " Hawthorn Sphaerella." Hypophyllous. Perithecia scattered, or loosely gregarious, black, innate, subglobose, pierced , asci broadly clavate ; sporidia fasciculate, elongated, fusiform, obtuse, hyaline, uniseptate. — Fckl. exs. no. 2162. Gonn. 4' Bahh. t. 7,/. 94: (imperfect). On leaves of hawthorn. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) Auerswald describps the sporidia as entire, whereas, when mature, they are uniseptate ; asci ('002 in.) '05 m.m. long. Sporidia ("0015 in.) '04 m.m. long. 2746. Sphaerella oblivia. Coohe. " Chestnut Spharella." Spermogoxia. — Perithecia brownish-black, minute, numerous ; spermatia elongated, linear, oozing out in flesh coloured tendrils. — SeptoriacastancBCola, Desm. (See no. 1337, ante.) AscoPHORE. — Perithecia semi-innate, black, closely agglome- rated in small but dense macula?form spots consisting of from ten to twenty individuals ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia biseriate, curved, uniseptate, the lower cell the narrowest, slightly yellow. — Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) t. 49,/. 8. >S'. maculceformis [^d.x\\.f) Gonn. (J- Rabh.Y. t. 1,/. 7. On the under surface of dead chestnut leaves, mixed with S. maculceformis. Darenth Wood, Kent. Sporidia (-OOOo.-OOOe in.) •0125.'015 m.m. long. 2747. Sphaerella arcana. Cooke. " Hidden Sphaerella." Perithecia minute, subinnate, either collected in " macula?- form " spots or scattered, black and shining; asci broadly fusi- form ; sporidia crowded, linear, straight, obtuse at the extremi- 2 Q 5 914 SPHJERIACEl. ties, nniseptatc, eacli cell containing two small sporules or nuclei. — Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) t. 50, y. 13. Sphopria maculceformis on Castaiiea, Fckl. exs.no. 817. Gonn. ^ Rabh. y.t. 8,/. 109. On dead leaves of Castanea vesca. Darenth Wood, Kent. Tutermixed with S. ohlivia and S. maculcBformis, from which it is quite dis- tinct. Sporidia ('0005 in.) '0125 m.m. long. 2748. Sphaerella simulans. Cooke. " Imitative SphfErella." Peritbccia arranged in groups on the under surface ; asci cy-- lindrical, containing large sausage-shaped uniseptate sporidia. — Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) t. 49,/. 12. Gonn. ^ Rahh. v. t. 2,/. 23. On dead oak leaves. Highgate, 1866. The perithecia are grouped in a similar manner to those of S. maculeeformis, with which it probably has hitherto been confounded, but from which it may easily be distinguished by the large sausage-shaped, uniseptate sporidia (•0003 in.) -02 m.m. long. 2749. Sphaerella conglomerata. Wallr. " Clustered Sph£erella." Hypophyllous, black, innate, densely conglomerated and con- fluent ; spots gregarious, minute ; sporidia stipitate, obovate-ob- long, uniseptate, scarcely constricted, hyaline. — Awd. Gonn. ^ Rahh. Y. p. 6,t. 6,f. 88. Sphcej^ia conglomerata^ Wallr. p. 814. Fckl. exs. no. 832. Sphceria insularis, Fckl. exs. no. 827. Stig- matea jnaculmformis, Fckl. exs. no. 422. On dead leaves of Alnus glutinosa. Gomshall. 2750. Sphsezella punctiformis. P§. punctiformis, to which other species assimilate in external appearance. SPH^EIACEI. 915 2751 > Sphaerella punctoidea. CooTte. " Dot Sphferella." Perithecia black, shining, semi-innate, prominent, disposed in little groups of seven or eight on the upper surface of leaves, col- lapsed and concave when dry ; asci cylindrical, curved or flexuose ; sporidia uniseriate, elliptical or subcymbiform ; hyaline highly refractive and colourless. — Cooke Seem. Joz^r/i. (1866) ^.49,/. 9. On the upper surface of oak leaves. Shere, Surrey. Jed- burgh. Length of asci ("0021 in.) '056 m.m., of sporidia ("00045 in. ("0125 m.m. Quite distinct from S. pHiictiformis, with which it has probably been con- founded; the asci are cylindrical, the sporidia are longer, and the perithecia are different in habit and disposition, always occurring in small groups and on the upper surface only. S. macidcBformis often occurs on the under surface of the same leaf. 2752. Sphaexella znyriadea. B.C. " Cloudy Sph^eria." Epiphyllous. Perithecia very minute, numerous, black, aggre- gated in large unequal cinereous patches ; asci subfusiform ; spo- ridia biseriate, elongated, triseptate, pointed at each extremity. — Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) ^.49,/. 10. Fckl. exs. no. 825. Cooke exs. no. 172. Gonn. ^' Rabh. v. t. 1,/. 9. Rahh. F.E. no. 149. Cooke L.F.no. 84. Sphceria myriadea, D.C.Fl. Fr.Vi. p. 145. Duhy. Bot. GaU.ii.p.llO. Desm. Mem.Soc. Roy. de Lille 1843. West. ^' Wcdl. exs. no. 73. On dead oak leaves. Shere, Surrey. [United States.] Sporidia ("OOIS in.) '035 m.m. long. 2753. Sphaerella millegrana. CooJie. " Thou sand -grain Sph^rella." Epiphyllous. Perithecia scattered, numerous and minute ; asci short, cylindrical ; sporidia crowded, linear, and uniseptate, the upper cell being ventricose. — Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) t. bO,f. 15. Gonn. 4- Rabh. v. t. 2, J. 17. On the upper surface of dead leaves of hornbeam. Shere, Surrey. Perithecia resembling those of S. rayriadea, but not so closely aggregated, and not collected in definite patches. Sporidia ("0006 in.) "015 m.m, long. 2754. Sphserella latebrosa. Coolie. " Sycamore Sphferella." Hypophyllous. Perithecia scattered over the surface, innate, minute, globose, black, scarcely visible till the epidermis is de- stroyed by exposure ; asci cylindrical, ventricose ; sporidia elon- OIG SPH^RIACEI. gated, uniseptate, constricted at tlie septum, attenuated towards each extromity, with two sporules in each cell. — Cooke Seem. Journ.{\mQ>)t. 50,/. 16. Gonn.^ Eabh.Y. jy. 10,1.2, f.2Q. On dead leaves of sycamore. Sliere, Surrey. Sporidia ('002 in.) '05 m.m. long. 2755. Sphaerella acerifera. Cooke. " Maple Sphgerella." Hypophyllous. Perithecia scattered, innate, globose, minute, black ; asci broadly cylindrical ; sporidia large (three times as long as broad), almond-shaped, hyaline, containing two sporules or nuclei. — Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) ^ 50,/. 18. On dead leaves of Acer campestre. Shere, Surrey. Sporidia ('0075 in.) '02 m.m. long. This is r -ferred doubtfully by Auerswald (Gonn. ^ Rahh. v. p. 4) to Sphcerella sparsa. Wallr. 2756. Sphaerella carpinea. Fr. " Hornbeam Sphserella." Hypophyllous. Perithecia gregarious, innate, at first covered, black, commonly scattered over the entire leaf; asci subclavate ; sporidia biseriate, broadly and shortly cymbiform,the least curved side being a little hollowed out towards either apex. — Cooke Seem. Journ. t. 50,/. 19. Go7in ^ Rahh. pt. Y.t. 2,/. 16. Rabh. exs. no. 365. West. exs. 275. Sphceria carpinea, Fr. Sys. Myc. ii. p. 523. Desm. PI. Crypt, no. 981. i?. 8^^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 655, t. 12, f. 41. Cooke exs. no. 165. Cooke L.F. no. 86. Ascospora carpinea, Fr. Sum7n. 4:26. Rabh. exs. 366. Fckl. exs.no.4:QQ. On dead leaves of hornbeam. Sporidia ("0005 in.) '015 m.m. long. 2757. Sphaerella pinastri. Duly. " Fir-leaf Spbasrella." Perithecia minute, scattered, globose, depressed, immersed, piercing the ej^idermis with their short ostiola ; asci clavate ; sporidia crowded, colourless, elliptical, often acuminate. — Cooke Seem. Journ. t. 50, /. 27. Sphceria pinastri, Duhy, Bot. Gall. ii. ^.704. Grev.t.lh. Eng.Fl.x.p. 270. Curr. Linn. Tmns. xxii. ;?. 324, ^.58,/ 82. On fallen fir leaves. Sporidia (•0003.'0004 in.) 'OO/S-'Ol m.m. long. 2758. Sphaerella inaequalis. Coolie, " Unequal Sphasrella." Hypophyllous. Perithecia scattered, innate, globose, black, surmounted by three or four stiff hairs or setee which pierce SPH^EIACEI. 917 throiigli the epidermis ; asci ventricose, attenuated upwards ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, uniseptate, the upper cell subglo- bose, the lower cell twice the length of the upper, slightly yel- lowish.— Cooke Seem. Joiirn. (1866) t. 50, /. 26. Cooke exs. no. 173. Cooke. L.F. no. 85. SphcErella cinerascens, Fleisch. Rahh. exs.no. 45 fnot S. cinerascens, Fckl. exs. no. 824). On dead leaves of Pyrus aria, ash, hawthorn, pear, apple, &c. Common. Sporidia ("0005 in.) "013 m.m. long. 2759. Sphaerella vaccinii. Cooke. " Bilberry Sphasrella." Perithecia minute, innate, black, shining, numerous, crowded together on the under surface in definite cinereous patches, de- termined by the veins of the leaves ; asci subfusiform ; sporidia elongated, narrow, uniseptate, hyaline. — Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) ^.49,/". 11. Sphcerella myrtilli, Aivd. Gonn. ^' Rahh.Y. t. 4, /. 46. Cooke exs. no. 176. On semi-putrid leaves of Vacciniummyrtillus. Shere, Surrey. Often on the same leaves as Venturia myrtilli. Asci '04 m.m. long. Sporidia (•0007 in.) -013 m.m. long. 2760. Sphaerella ligustri. Rol?. " Privet Spharella."' Epiphyllous, rarely hypophyllous. Perithecia very minute, nu- merous, densely scattered, black, subglobose, then collapsing and umbilicate ; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, with three or four sporules. — Cooke Seem. Journ. t. 50, /. 22. Spha^ria ligustri, Rob. Desm. exs. ed. l,no. 1296, ed. 2, no. 796. Ann. S.N. (1843) xix. p. 361. Fckl. exs. no. 835. Gonn. ^ Rahh. v. t.l ,f.^l. On dead privet leaves. • Asci "04 m.m. long. Sporidia ("0003 in.) "01 m.m. long. 2761. Sphaerella eryngii. Fr. " Sea Holly Sphserella." Amphigenous. Perithecia innate, very small, globose, black, crowded together in brownish spots ; asci large, cylindrical, flex- uose; sporidia biseriate, uniseptate, constricted at the sej^tum, attenuated towards each extremity, colourless. — Cooke Seem. Journ. t. 50, /. 21. Fckl. exs. no. 860. Sphceria eryngii, Fr. Duby Bot.u.p. 710. Desm.exs.no. 1300. B. ^.Br.Ann.N.H.no. 657. On dead leaves of Eryngium. Sporidia ('0008 in.) -02 m.m. long. Fackel refers as spermogonia to this species Asteroma reticulata, Chev. 918 SPH^RTACEI. 2762. Sphaerellarusci. Be. Not. '< Butcher's Broom tSphasrella." Perithecia very numerous, scattered, pnnctiform, glaucous or bluish-black, rendering the leaf pale, at first covered with the epi- dermis; asci linear- clavate; sporidiabiseriate, oblong, obtuse, 4-5 septate, constricted at the septa, yellowish. — De Not. Schema j). 63. Erh. Critt. Ital. no. 886. Sferiacei Italtci pi. 95. Sphceria Rusci, Wallr. Fl. Germ. ji. 776. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 639*. Fckl.exs. no. 838. Berk. exs. no. 86. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii.^Z. lix./*. 120. Spha?ria atrovirens, S- Rusci, Eng.Fl. v. p. 272. Desm. exs. no. 1281. Cryptosplia^ria glauco -punctata, Grev. FL Ed. p. 362. Sphceria glauco-punctata, Curr. Linn. Trans. x.yi.\\. pi. \ix.Jig. 144. Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866) t. 50,/. 20. Cooke exs. no. 166. On dead Ruscus aculeatus. Common. Sporidia (-OOOe-'OOlO in.) •015-'025 m.m, long. 2763. Sphaerella isaariphora. De Not. *' Stellar ia Sphgerella." CoNiDiA.— ^Tufts lax, on pallid spots, at length black; stem erect ; conidia apical, ovate. — Stysanus pusillus, Fckl. exs. no. 174. Sym. Myc. t. \.f. 29. ^VY.'R^iOGOi^iA=Septoria stellarice. West. Epiphyllous ; perithecia very small, globose, depressed, scat- tered, black, often concealed beneath the epidermis ; ostiola poriform ; asci elongated, containing the oval or oblong spori- dia, which are almost colourless, uniseriate, and uniseptate. — Schema di Class. Sfer. Ital. j). 63. Cooke Seem. Journ. 1866, t. ^^,f. 11. Cooke exs. no. 167. Sphceria isariphora, Desm. Mem. Soc. Roy. de Lille, 1843 ; exs. no. 1291 ; West. Bull, de Brux. 1850, no. 21. On dead leaves of Stellaria holostea. Common. M. Desmazieres observes that this species often supports a minute para- sitic Isaria, whence its name. I have never been able to find such a para- site, although I have sought for it diligently. M. Westendorp makes a similar observation of want of success in verifying the fact. 2764. Sphaerella Iieightoni. Be7'k. "Leighton's Sphffirella." Epiphyllous ; perithecia subglobose, pitch-brown ; ostiola coni- cal ; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, cymbiform, triseptate. — Cooke Seem. Journ. 1866, t. 50,/. 25. Sphceria Leightoni, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H.no.6b9, t.xii.Jig. AS. SPH^EIACEI. 919 On dead leaves of Linncea horealis. Glen Dole, Clova. Minute, scattered over the upper surface of the leaves, pitchy brown, shin- ing, narrowed into a short conical ostiolum. Asci clavate, sublanceolate. Sporidia oblong-cymbiform, about four times as long as broad, obtuse, scarcely curved. Endochrome at first retracted to either end ; a septum is then formed between the two masses, which are at length again divided. 2765. Sphaerella pteridis. Desm. " Bracken Sphcerella." Epiphyllous ; spots greyisli or none; perithecia minute, glo- bose, scattered or aggregate, covered with the epidermis ; asci clavate; sporidia elongated-fusiform, straight or curved, uni- septate, hyaline. — Cooke Seem. Journ. t. 50,/. 32. Cooke exs. no. 175. SphcEria pteridis, Desm. exs. no. 1295 (not Schm. exs. no. 2, which is Dothiclea). B. <^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 666. Sphceria litura, Berk. MSS. Sphceria punctiformis, h. Pteridis, Fries exs. 720.86 (not Sphcpvella pteridis, De Not. Sfer. Ital. tab. 99). On dead fronds of Pteris aquilina. Sporidia ("0005 in.) "015 m.m. long. 2766. Sphserella erysiphina. Bei-k. " Hop-leaf Sphgerella." Epiphyllous; perithecia scattered, minute, almost superficial, brown; asci cylindrical; sporidia imiseriate, hyaline, uniseptate. Cooke tSeem. Journ. t. 50,/. 24. Sphceria erysipihina, B. §- Br. Journ. Ilort. Soc. \x. p. 67. On living hop leaves. Accompanying and mixed with Spkcerotheca Castagnei. Sporidia ('0005 in.) '0125 m.m. long. 2767. Sphaerella microspila. B. ^ Br. *' Willow herb Sphwrella." Perithecia scattered, globose, one or more immersed in a minute brown spot arising from the delicate mycelium ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia oblongo-elliptic, uniseptate.- — Cooke Seem. Journ. t. 50,/ 23. Sphceria microspila, B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H.no. 984, M7./. 36. On leaves of Efilohium montanum. Orton Wood. Sporidia (•0002--000o in.) •005.-0127 m.m. long. 2768. Sphaerella bzassicsecola. De Not. " Cabbage Sphaerella." Spermogonia. — Perithecia circinating, crowded, in suborbicular pallid spots ; spermatia hyaline, minute. — Asteroma brassicce, Chev. Fl. Par. I, p. 449. Berk. Ann. K.H. no. 204. 920 SPHiERIACEI. AscornoRE. — Epiphyllous ; spots orbicular, large, pallid or cinereous, brownish in tlie centre; peritbecia crowded, circinating, minute, subrotund, black ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia elongated, cylindrical, obtuse at the extremities, hyaline. — De ^ot. Schema, p. 64. Cooke Seem. Journ. 186G, t. 50, /. 17. SplicBria brassicce, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 656*, t. xii./. 42. SphcBvia brassiccecola, Dubt/, Bot. Gall. u. p. 712. On cabbage leaves. Autumn and Spring. Common. Nothing can be more common than this on cabbage leaves in autumn and spring, but it is not often found with perfect fruit. — B. cfc Br. 2769. Sphaerella rumicis. Desm. *' Dock Sphaerella." Spots amphigenous, minute, numerous, orbicular, scattered, brown ; peritbecia epiphyllous, conglomerate, somewhat innate, very small, globoso-depressed, becoming concave, olivaceous, then black, pierced with a simple pore; asci large, cylindrical, slightly curved ; sporidia ovate-oblong, obtuse, uniseptate. — Cooke Seem. Journ. 1866,^. 50,/. 28. Cooke, exs. no. 168. Gonn. ^ Rabh. V. t. 4,/. 53. Sphc^ria rumicis, Desm. exs. no. 1298. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 658. Sj)hceria lichenoides, Johnst. Fl. Berw, ii. p. 131. On living dock leaves. Common. Sporidia ('0006 in.) '015 m.m. long. 2770. Sphaerella allicina. Awd. " Onion Sphaerella." Peritbecia amphigenous, black, covered by the grey epider- mis, densely gregarious or confluent ; sporidia biseriate, oblong, rounded at each end, straight, uniseptate, hyaline, not constricted. — Awd. in Gonn. 4' Rabh. v. p. 19, t. h,f. 69. Sphceria allicina, Fr. S.M.n.p. 437. Rabh.F.E.no. 639. On Allium. Shere (E.G.). 2771. Sphaerella anaxithxna. B. cfc Br. " Scattered Grass Sphaerella." Scattered, minute ; peritbecia globose, penetrating the cuticle by the small papillae form ostiolum ; asci clavate ; sporidia bise- riate, sublanceolate, strongly constricted in the centre, unisep- tate.— Cooke Seem. Journ. t. 50,/. 29. Sphceria anarithma, B. Sf Br. Ann. N.H. no. 893, 1. 11,/. 37. On Aira ccespitosa. Oct. — March. Batheaston. Sporidia ('0012 in.) '03 m.m. long. SPH^RIACEI. 921 2772. Sphaerella recutita. Fr. " Linear Grass Sphferella." CoNiDiA. — Flocci fasciculate, short, simple, septate, yellow, forming little tufts on bleached spots ; conidia oblong, didymous, yellowish. — Scolicotrichum graminis^ Fckl. exs. no. 130. Spermogonia. — Perithecia innate, minute, black, numerous, aggregated, pierced, disposed in parallel lines between the veins ; spermatia linear, straight, or flexuous. — Septoria graminum^Desm. Ann. Sc. Nat. xix. (1843), p. 339. AscoPHORE. — Hypophyllous. Perithecia aggregate, innate, slightly prominent, very minute, black, forming long parallel strias ; asci clavate ; sporidia uniseptate, hyaline. — Cooke Seem. JoM?'?2. (partly). FcJd. exs.no. 820. SphcBria recutita^ Fr.S.M. i\.p. 524. Berk. Eng. Fl. \.p. 278. On grasses. " The perithecia grow in rows, but are quite distinct." — M.J.B. The figure and description of fruit given in Seem. Journ Bot. (1866), t. 50, f. 30, tnken from a specimen published in Rabenhorst's Fungi Europeei exs. no. 740, do not belong to this species, but to S. culmicola, Fr. 2773". Sphaerella lineolata. Be Not. " Lineolate SphEerella." Amphigenous, erumpent, with a brownish stroma ; perithecia very small, disposed in lines ; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, with from three to five sp>orules or nuclei. — De Not. Schema p. 63. Cooke Seem. Journ. (1866). ^. 50,/. 31. Gonn. 4' ^abh.y.t. 8,f. 113. Sphoeria lineolata, Roberge, Des?n. exs.no.1'263. B.^'Br. Ann. N.H. no. 616. On Ammophila arundinacea. Sands of Barrie. Sporidia '0125 m.m.long (at length uniseptate). 2774. Sphaerella hedexae. Soiv. " Ivy Sphasrella." Pycnidia. — Scattered ; perithecia innate, rather prominent, convex, even, black, ostiolum white ; stylospores ovate, pellucid. — Sphceropsis leucostigma,Lev. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1846), p. 296. B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 420. Sphceropsis hederce, Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii.^. 332. AscoPHORE. — Scattered ; perithecia, together with the innate epidermis, rather prominent, convex, even, black ; ostiolum pierced, white ; sporidia lanceolate, triseptate, constricted, nu- cleate.— Sphceria hederce, Sow. t. 371,/. 5. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 278. On dead ivy leaves. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) 922 SPH^EIACEI. 2775. Sphaerella buxi. B.C. "Box-leaf Sphjcrella." Pycnidia. — Scattered in quincunxes, greyish-black ; perithe- cia globose, slightly prominent; disc covered, depressed, white, at length erumpent, naked ; stylospores oblong, twice as long as broad. — Sphceropsis Candollii, B. ^ Br. Ann. N.H. no. 423. Berk, exs. no. 180. AscoPHORE. — Perithecia light yellow, rather longer than broad, with a small mammillate ostiohim ; sporidia uniseriate, colourless, acuminate, elliptical. — Sphceria buxi^D.C. Fl.Fr. vi. p. 146. Rabh. F.E. no. 940. Rahh. exs. no. 531. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii.p. 283, <. 49,/. 186. S. atrovirens, var. Buxi, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 272. On dead box leaves. Milton. Sporidia probably at length uniseptate ("0005 in.) "025 m.m. 2776. Sphserella ostruthii. Fr. *' Angelica Sphgerella." Hypophyllous, aggregated ; perithecia globose, small, black, emerging from a determinate grey crust. — Fr. Obs. i. p. 174. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 102. Berk. exs. 330. Schm. exs. no. 205. As- cospora ostruthii, Fr. S.V.S.A2Q. On leaves of Angelica sylvestris. Sept. 2777. Sphserella birunneola. Fr. " Brown Sph^rella." Gregarious ; perithecia globose, very minute, mouthless, black, emerging from a determinate brown, oblong spot, which at length becomes black; sporidia? — Fr. S.M.ii.p. 526. Eng. Fl. Y.p. 279. Fries, exs.no. 248. Berk. exs. no. ^^. Ascospora hrunneola., Fr. S.V.S.p. 425. Fckl. exs. no. 467. On dead leaves of ConvaUaria majalis. The fruit of this species seems to be unknown as well as that of the last- named. Gen. 358. VENTURIA, De Not. Perithecia fragile, hispid or setulose at the apex ; .ostiolum large ; paraphyses none ; sporidia one or two celled, colourless, or slightly coloured. — De Not. in Att. vi. riun. scienz. j9. 485. Fr. S. V.S. Fig. 398. p, 405. Cooke B.F. 2nd ed.p. 159. (Fig. 398.) SPH^EIACEI. 923 * Epiphyllous. 2778. Venturia Dickiei. De Not. *' Dickie's Venturia." Perithecia aggregate, erumpent, snbglobose ; ostiola obtuse, papilla?form, beset with rather long, rigid setie, seated on an in- terwoven filamentous stratum ; asci short, subcylindrical ; spori- dia uniseptate, quadrinucleate. — Sphcei'ia Dicl'iei, B. ^- Br. Ann. N.H. no. 617, pi. x./. 8, Lasiohotrys Linncece, Dickie, MSS. Berk. Outl. p. 404. Venturia Dickiei, De Not. Schema, p. 51. Cooke Seem. Journ. 18G6,^. 49,/. 1. On leaves of Linna^a horealis. Forming orbicular sori beneath the true cuticle about a line broad. Peri- thecia at lenccth exposed, subglobose, with an obtuse papillseform ostiolum, beset witli stiff dark bristles, as long or longer than themselves, springing from a radiating, more or less interwoven stratum, of very obscurely septate brownish threads, amongst which are a few darker and closely articulate. Asci short, subcylindrical, obtuse. Sporidia oblong, short, containing about four nuclei or four regular endochromes, or more properly uniseptate, with two endochromes in each division. 2779. Venturia chaetoxniuxn. De Not. " Small Sedge Venturia." Hypophyllous, rarely epiphyllous ; perithecia very minute, superficial, scattered or gregarious, snbglobose, collapsed when dry, black, covered with rigid divergent hairs ; ostiolum papil- late ; asci nearly spindle-shaped ; sporidia oblong, straight or slightly curved, containg four sporules or nuclei. — Sphceria chce- tomium, Corda. ii. t. 13./. 102. B. ^' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 620, jf. 9,/. 3. Chcetomium pusillum, Fries, exs.no. 272. Sphceria exos- porioicles, Desm. exs. no. 126. Venturia chcetomium, De Not. Schema, p. 51. Cooke Seem. Journ. 1866, t. 49, /3. On dead leaves of Carex penclula. Sporidia ('00027 in.) -007 m.m. long. 2780. Venturia eres. De Not. " Long-haired Venturia." Scattered, superficial ; perithecia globose, beset with long, rigid articulated bristles ; asci short, clavate ; sporidia oblong, uniseptate. — Sphceria eres, B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. no. 621,/>Z. ix. Jig. 4. Venturia eres, De Not. Schema, p. 51. Cooke. Stem. Journ. 1866,?. 49,/. 2. On dead leaves of Carices. 924 SPH^UIACEI. Scattered over the leaves and quite superficial, attached by a few hyaline creeping threads. Perithecia globose, beset with very long radiating, rigid, somewhat pellucid, articulated bristles, which are black to the naked eye, but purplish-brown under the microscope ; when young their apices are often swollen. Asci rather short, clavate. Sporidia biseriate, oblong-elliptic, about four times as long as broad. The perithecia are much larger than in V.chctfominm, the hairs are longer, pellucid, and not opaque ; asci clavate, and not fusiform, and the uniseptate sporidia are shorter. 2781. Venturia myrtilli. Coolie. "Bilberry Yenturia." Scattered over either surface; perithecia globose, black, coYered with long rigid hairs ; asci yentricose, attenuated up- wards ; sporidia biseriate or crowded, uniseptate, obtuse above, attenuated below, hyaline. — Cooke Seem. Journ. 1866, i. 49,/. 4. Cooke exs. no. IQA,. Cooke L.F, no. ^2. On semi-putrid leaves of Vaccinium myrtillus. Shere, Surrey. Sporidia (-0004 in.) '01 m.m. long. 2782. Venturia ilicifolia. Coole. " Holly-leaf Venturia." Scattered over the upper surface (perhaps also on both sur- faces) superficial ; perithecia minute, subglobose, black, clad with long, rigid, divergent hairs ; asci subfusiform, minute ; sporidia biseriate, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, uniseptate, scarcely constricted. — Cooke Seem. Journ. 1866, t. 49,/. 5. On semi-putrid leaves of holly and sallow. Shere, Surrey. Asci (-0003 in.) '02 m.m. long. Sporidia (-0003 in.) '008 m.m. long. The species on sallow {Salix caprcea) is not specifically distinct, as far as can be judged from a single specimen. (Fig. 398.^ 2783. Venturia Integra. Cooke. " Entire spored Ventura." Perithecia scattered, superficial, small, delicate, dark brown, covered with long flexuous hairs ; asci narrowly clavate ; spori- dia biseriate, elliptic, entire, endochrome minutely granular, nearly colourless. On leaves of Corylus avellana. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) Sporidia •000--0004 in. ** Corticolous. 2784. Venturia barbula. B. . Fckl.exs. no. 425. Dothidea alche- millce, Eng. Fl. Y.p. 288. Asteroma alchemilhe, Fr. El. \i. p. 152. Grev.Fl. Ed.p.S6d. On living leaves of Alchemilla. Scotland. ^Vllen mature consisting of black, minute, raised points, or very sliort lines clustered on pale circular spots on the leaf. The points are irregularly arranged, but they are most closely set in the centre, and assume altogether an obscure star-like form. — Johnst. 2797. Stigmatea polygonorum. Fr. ''Polygonum iStigmatea." Amphigenous, sub- gregarious, minute, black, rather shining, collapsing, of the same colour within. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 421. Dothi- deapolygoni, Fr. S.M.ii.p. 564. On leaves of Polygonum. 2798. Stigmatea chaetom.ium. Fr. " Easpberry Stigmatea." Epiphyllous, scattered, unequal, pilose, black, brownish within ; sporidia ovate, uniseptate, yellowish. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 422. FcIJ. exs. no. 424. Dothidea chcetomiuin, Fr. S.M. ii. p)- 563. Berk. Ann. X.H. 710. 200. On leaves of raspberry and Ruhus ccesius. 2e 930 Gen. 354. SPH^RIACEI. HYPOSFILA, Fl Pcritliecia globose, black, mouth- less, innate, concealed by the blackened substance of the leaves, ultimately splitting across. — Fr. S.V.S.pA2l. (Fi'g. AOi.) Fig. 404. 2799. Hypospila quercina. Fr. " Oak-leaf Hypospila." Spermogoxia. — S]3ermatia minute, cylindrical, curved. AscopHORE. — Minute, disposed in circles, penetrating the L'af, flattened, black, at length sjilitting all round ; perithecia slightly prominent, convex, at length umbilicate ; sporidia bi- seriate, elliptical, colourless, curved. — Fi\ S.V.S. p. 4:21. Cooke exs. no. 177. Fcli. exs. no. 417. Cooke L.F. no. 90. Curr. Linn. rmws. xxii. ^. 49,/. 204. Sph. hifrons, Fr. S.M. ii. p. A38. Eng. FL V. p. 258. S. circumvoluta, Sow. t. 373,/. 4. Xyloma DC. Mem. Mus. ii. t. 3,/ 11. Moug. exs. no. 480. On dry oak leaves. Patches angular, not one line broad, their shape being dependant on the meshes of the veins, seated on a white spot; perithecia one or more, at length naked, from the upper portion of the patch breaking off. — M.J.B. Sporidia ('0005 in.) -0127 m.m. {Fig. 404.) 2300. Hypospila populina. Fr. " Poplar Hypospila." Spermogonia. — Spermatia minute, cylindrical, curved. AscoPHORE. — Innate, flat, angular, opaque, black, scattered upon a pale spot ; perithecia latent, generally solitary ; sporidia filiform, the length of the asci, colourless, multiseptate. — Fr. S. V.S.p. 421. Fckl.exs.no. 418. Sph. ceutliocarpa^ Fr. S.M.u. p. 439. Eng. Fl. \.p. 258. Moug. exs. no. 269. Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii.f.49,/213. On dry poplar leaves. More scattered than H. quercina, rather larger, and not shining. SPH^EIACEI. 931 Gen. 365. ISOTHEA, Fr. Nucleus without a peiitheciuui, coloured, or black, covered by the transformed substance of the matrix, or immersed therein. — Fr. S.V.S.j^. 421. (.P/^.405.) 2801. Isothea rhytismoides. Fr. '• Pitchy Isothea." Cells globose, scattered, or crowded, covered by the polished, Fig. 405. blackened, cuticle, contents salmon- colouied ; ostiola very small, obso- lete ; asci clavate ; sporidia oblong, obtuse. — Fr. S.V.S.p. 421. Sph. rhytismoides, Bah. Abst. Linn. Trans, p. 32. Berk, exs.no. 324. Berk. Ann. N.H. no. 178,^.10,/. 9. Ciirr. Linn. Trans. xxii. t. 49,/. 209. Sphceria dryadis, Fckl. exs. 21 Gl. On leaves of Dry as. Sept. Sutherlandshire. Epiphyllons occupying the whole surface, or detached portions of the leaf; cells generally scattered, sometimes confluent in the former case, the epider- mis between them is cinereous, but above them raised, jet-black and shinii g mouth simple, very minute. Contents salmon-col ured, containing clavate asci, with linear paraphyses. Sporidia biseriate, oblong, obtuse, sometin.es containins: two sporidiola. Sporidia (-0006 in.) 'Olo m.m. (Fig. 405.) 2802. Isothea pustula. Ferh. " Oak-leaf Isothea. Unilocular, convex, even, reddish-brown, white within, con- tents black ; asci clavate; sporidia oblong. — Berk. Outl.p. 392. Pliornn pushila, Fr. S.M. ii. p. 547. Fries, exs. no. 205. Berk, exs. no. 40. Eng. Fl. v. p. 284. Sph. pustula, Pers. Ann. 11, f. 2, /. 7, h. Pers. Syn ;;. 91. Fckl. Syrn. Myc. t. vi./. 33. On fallen oak leaves. Common. [Mid. Carolina.] 2803. Isothea immunda. Coolie. " Small Oak Isothea. Unilocular, sometimes plurilocular (one-third the size of those in /. pustula), black, plane, or a little convex ; asci linear, curved ; sporidia uniseriate, ovate, uniseptate, hyaline. — Spihceria immunda, Fckl. exs. no. 843. Sym. Myc. p. 108, t. 3,/. 10 a. h. 932 SPH^RIAOEI. On the under surface of oak leaves. Shere, Surrey. Dec 1«65. (Dr. E. Capron.) Closely allied to /. puMida, but smnllor, and differing in fructification present I have only seen it upon two leaves. At 2304. Zsothea saligna. B. " Sallow Isothea." Uni-multi] ocular, convex, brown-black, subumbonate in the centre ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia filiform, simple. — Berk. Outl. ]). 392. Berk.exs. no. 191. Fhomasalignvm,Fr. S.3f. ii. p. 546. IVies exs. no. 283. Eng.Fl. y. p. 283. Sph. salicma, Sow. t. 372, J] 1. j\fovg. ea;5. rzo. 268. Linosp)ora cajyreoe, Fckl. Sym. Myc. p. 124. Fckl.exs.no. 879. On fallen sallow leaves. Winter and Spring. Gen» 366. DICHJSNA, Fr. Perithecia subcarbonaceous, elliptic, closed, bursting by a longitudinal fissure ; nucleus and asci difiluent. {Fig. 406.) 2805. Dichsena strobilina. Fr. " Fir- cone Dicha^na." Peiithecia gregarious, ir- Pycnidia. Fig. 406. regular; stylospores almond-shaped, hya- line ; endochrome bipartite. — Hendersonia strobilina, Curr. Linn. Trans, xxii. ^. 329. Cooke, exs.no. 341. AscoPHORE. — Gregarious, erumpent ; perithecia rather irre- gular, rounded at first, soft, dirty-brown, then black, opening by a longitudinal fissure ; sporidia fusiform, slightly curved, trisep- tate, sometimes each cell nucleate, hyaline. — Fr. S.V.S. p. 403. Sph. strobilina, Fr. S.M. ii.p. 495. Fries, exs. no. 318. Eng. Ft. y.p. 271. Fckl. exs. no. 790. On fir cones. The stylosporous condition is far more common than the ascigerous state, found by Dr. Capron at Shere. Sporidia (•0004--0005 in.) •01.-0127 m.m. {Fig. 406.) DiCHiENA RUGOSA, Fr. I think should be included with Lichens ; Rabenhorst divides it into two species under the names of Psilospora faginea on beech, and Psilospora quercus on oak. SPH^EIACET. 933 Gen. 367. CAFNODIUM, Mont. -/ \^v Fig. 407. Parasitic. Mycelium creeping, black ; perithecia elongated, often branched, composed of confiuent threads, with the tips often free at the apex. (^^9- -iOT.) * Peridia more or less branched. 2806. Capnodium elongatum. B. d' Desm. '' Elongated Capnodium." Setose. Peridia elongated, acumi- nate, generally simple, orifice mostly fimbriated ; sporidia 2-3 septate, articulations at length constricted, and divided longitudinally. — Berk. ^' Desm. Journ. Hort. Soc. \Y.p. 251, f. 5. Curtis N.A.exs. no. 1634. B. ^* Br.Ann.N.H.no.'dO^). On spurs of living pear trees. Cornwall. [S. Carolina.] Forming a scattered setose black stratum; mycelium moniliform. Several species of this genus are found in the United States., {Fig. 40".) ** Peridia simple, subulate (Microxiphium, Harv.) 2 307. Capnodium Footii. Be7'k. di Desm. Capnodium." " Subulate Forming little suborbicular setulose patches ; mycelium sub- gelatinous, hyaline, when old moniliform ; peridia dark, setiform; outer coat hyaline, threads at first cylindrical, at length monili- form; asci and sporidia unknown. — Journ. Hort. Soc. iv.p. 251, /. 10. Fumago fagi, Pers. M.E. i. p. 10. Microxiphium Footii^ Harv. MSS. On leaves of evergreens, deciduous trees, as the beech, and on herbaceous plants, as Mercurialis perennis. Common. Often accompanied on the leaves of evergreens by Sirigvla Babingtonii. 2r 3 934 SPH^EIACET. *f Peridia siibglobose. 2808. Capnodium sphaericum. Cooke. "Veronica Capuodium." Pycnidia.- — Seated on a mjcelinm of radiating, branched, black threads, hemispherical, minute, rupturing irregularly in lacinife ; stylospores oblong, uniseptate, hyaline. — Asteroma ve- roniccp, Desm. Berh. exs. no. 193. AscoPHORE. — Aggregated or scattered, subglobose, irregular, striate, small ; mouth fringed ; asci globose, containing eight uniseptate, coloured sporidia. — Dothidea veronicce, Lib. exs. no. 173. On leaves of Veronica. Shere. (Dr. Capron.) This is not a good Capnodium, "but it certainly does not seem to bea Do- thidea. Madame Libert describes the globose asci, which are absent in the Asteroma of Desraazieres. Asci are certainly present in the mature plant, as stylospores are in the early, or pycnidia, stage which corresponds to the Asteroma. Gen. 368. BLOXAMIA, B. & Br. Peridium persistent below, very delicate above, evanescent, at length excipuliform ; sporidia quadrate, generated in closely packed tubes. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. 1854, p. 468. This is a curious and anomalous genus, which it is difficult to place. On this account it had almost been forgotten, and, at the last moment, is inserted here. 2809. Bloxaxnia tYuncata. B.^\Br. " Truncate Bloxamia." Perithecia punctiform, often slightly elongated, depressed, with vertical sides, firmer below and persistent, extremely deli- cate, white and evanescent above. Hymenium consisting of closely packed tubes, which produce a row of sub-quadrate sporidia, -0001 in. wide -000125 in. long. — B. 4' Br. Ann. N.H. 1854, t. xvi./. 17. CooJce.exs. ined. On dead elm. Feb. — Mar. Batheaston. 935 EERATA. AGE. 7 No. 4 7 No. G 8 No. 7 8 No. 8 9 No. 9 9 No. 10 27 No. 58 57 No. 148 00 No. 157 78 No. 214 140 No. 395 add "A.virosus, Gonn. d: Rahh. t. 9, /. 1. A. solitarlus. Gonn. d: Rabh.t. 11, f. 2." add *' A. citrinus. Gonii. S( Rabli. i. t. 4." add ''Gonn. & Rahh. i. t. 10,/. 2, mr." 8 the fig. " Gonn.Sou\ t. 205." dele ''Sow.t. 210." for " Soic. t. 261 " read " Soic. f. 264." 144 No. 405 for *' Sow. t. 225 " read " Sow. t. 285." 149 No. 419 for '* Sow. t. 240,/. 1-3" read " Sow. t, 248,/. 1-3. 194 No. 547 for " Sow. t. 98" read " Sow. t. 56." 204 No. 578 dele " Sow. t. 106." 212 No. 599 for " Sow. t. 204" read '' Sow. t. 104." 247 No. 696 to " Sow. t. 182 " add " lower figs." 261 No. 740 for " Sow. t. 190" read " Sow. t. 290." 273 No. 771 diM'' spores white." 275 No. 778 add " s/wre^ ?rAiVe." 275 No. 778 for '' Sow. t. 182 " read ''Sow. t. 132." 278 No. 790 for " Sow. t. 190" read " Sow. t. 196." 289 No. 831 dele " Sow. t. ^6." 329. No. 956 for " Solenia Candida," resLd '' SoIeniafasciculafa.Pers.Afyc. Eur. t. 12, f. 8-9."— See Ann. Xat. Hist, for June, 1871, pp. 429, whence it appears that the specimens found by Mr. Broome were referred to Solenia Candida in error. Other new species are described in the "Annals" quoted, but too late to be included in this work. 936 ERRATA. PAGE. 63(5 insert- Gen. 271*. HELZCOSTYLUM, Corda. ^^. Fig. 408. granules. — Corda. Ic. \.p. 55. Hvphasma decumbent, branched, continuous. Stipes erect, spirally in- curved, simple, continu- ous, then deciduous. Sporangia acrogenous, membranaceous, fixed to the stem, then decidu- ous, bursting irregularly. Sporidia irregularly con- globate, continuous; epi- spore simple ; nucleus firm, with oleaginous {Fig. 408.) 1900a. Helicostyluxn elegans. Helicostylum." Corda. "Elegant Tufts minute, lax, white ; hyphasma branched, here and there verrucose, white ; stem short, white ; sporangia globose, rough, yellowish-white ; sporidia ovate, navicul^form, whitish. — Corda. Ic.Y.f.2S. On dead woodlice. Budleigh Salterton (Dr. Carter). 937 INDEX. PAGE. Acalyptospoira. Desm. nei-visequia. Desm. . • . 488 ACETABULA. vulgaris. Fckl 665 ACHORION. Schoenleinii, Eem. . . . 604 Achy la. JS^ees. prolifera. Nees 640 dioica. Prings 640 coi-nuta. Arch 640 Acremonium. lAnJi. altematum. Link. , . . 615 fuscum. Schm 615 verticillatmn. Linlc. . . . 615 Aczospeisra. B. ^^ Br. miraljilis. B.^'Br. . . .598 Acxogpexnxum. Tode. compressum. Tode. . . . 430 gTaminuiQ. Bih 430 ACROSPOEIUM. fasciculatum. Grev. . . . 604 Acrostalagxnus. Corda. cinnabarinus. Corda. . . 635 ACKOTHECA. gei. Fckl 450 Acrothecium. Corda. simplex. B 579 delicatulum. B.SfBr. . . bid Actidium. Fr. hysterioides. Fr 766 ACTINOXEMA crataegi. B 583 Actinothyirium. Xze. . . 423 graminis. Kze 424 ^Scidium. Pers. albescens. G-rev 536 aUii. Grev. . . . . . . 545 aquilegice. Pars 539 ari. B 545 asperifolii. Pers 511 behenis. D.C 541 PAGE. MciDiTfii — (continued). berberidis. Pers 538 bimii. B.C 540 calthfe. Grev 539 compositarum. Mart. . . 542 cornutum. E.F 534 crassiun. Pers 538 dracontii. 8chw 538 epilobii. B.C 536 euphorbiae. Pers 537 galii. Pers 540 geranii. B.C 543 grossulariae. B.C 541 JacohcecB. Grev 542 laceratum. Sow .... 534 la.jpsani. Purt 542 leucospermum. B.C. . . 536 menth^. B.C 544 orcbideainim. Fiedl. . . . 545 orobi. B.C 542 pediculaiis. Loh 544 periclyrneni. D.C. . . 5-39 phillyreoe. D.C. . . .539 pini. E.F 535 poterii. Cooke 540 prenanthis. Pers. . . . 542 primiilfe. B.C 544 quadi-ifidum. B.C. ... 536 ranunculacearum. B.C. . 539 rhaniai. Pers 538 rubellum. Pers. . , . 544 saniculae. Ca/an. . , . 543 scrophularife. B.C. . . . 544 soldanellae. Horns. . . . 537 taraxaci. Grev .542 thalictri. Grev 540 thesii. Besni. .... 537 tragopogonis. Pers . . . 537 tussilagiais. Pers. . . 542 urticse. B.C. .... 541 valerianacearum. Butz. . 540 violae. Schum 543 938 INDEX. PAGE. .Sgeirita. Pi ;•.S'oH'. amothystina. Bull ardenia. Sow. . argillacea. Fr. aurea. Sch. botrytis. P. cijssoides. Sow. ceranoides. P. . cinerea. Bull. . compressa. Purt. contorta. Fr. coralloides. L. . corniculata. E. Fl crispula. Fr. cristata. Holms. crocea. P. . . fastigiata, B.C. fiaccida. Fr. flavipes. B. . formosa. P. fragilis. Holms. fumosa. P. . . fusiformis. Sow. grisea. P. . . herharum. Pers. inasqualis. Mull. juncea. Fr. . . Kunzei. Fr. miniata. Purt, muscoides. L. ophioglossoides. Bolt pistillaris, L. . pratensis. E. Fl. purpurea. Midi. rosea. Fr. . . rugosa. Bull. . stricta. P, . . tenuipes. B. & Br umbrina. B. uncialis. Grev. vermiculata. Scop Clavariei. ... Claviceps. Tul. microcephala. Tul, nigricans. Tul. purpurea. Tul. Clinoteichum. CooTce. Icmosum. Cooke. PAGE. 591 INDEX. 947 Fr. Fr. CUntezium. obturatum. Clttheis. ferruginosii/m. Fr. quercinum. Fr. Clonostachys. Corda. araucaria. Cordo.. Coleosporium. Lev. campanulfe. Lev, petasitis. Xer. . . pingTie. iei\ . . . rhinantliacearum. Lev. sonciii-arvensis. Jjev. tussilaginis. Lev. Colpoma. Wallr. quercinum. Wallr. . Coniomycetes. . . . CONIOTHECTTir. a III e n fa cea/ni m . Corda . hetulinum. Corda. . efffj.svym. Corda. . . Coniothyrium. Corda. glomeratum. Corda. CONOPLEA. cinerea. Pers. . Copzinus aphthosus. Pr. aratus. B. & Br. atramentarius. Fr. comatns. Fr. . . deliquescens. Fr. . domesticus. Fr. ephemerus. Fr. extinctorius. Fr. filiformis. B. & Br fimetarius. Fr. flocculosus. D.C. . fuscescens. Fr. hemerobius. Fr. . Hendersonii. Fr. . lagopus. Fr. . . macrocephalujs. B. micaceus. Fr. . niveus. Fr. . . nycthemerus , Fr. oratus. Fr. . . picaceus. Fr. plicatilis. Fr. . . radians. Fr. . . radiatus. Fr. . . simiKs. B. & Br. . Spragueii. B. & C. sterquilinus. Fr. . tomentosus. Fr. . COEDTCEPS. Fr. alutacea. Fr. . . PAGE. . 429 . 725 . 765 616 521 521 520 521 521 ; 520 j 765 i 4U 827 486 820 486 . 4g5 .416 . 416 476 161 163 165 162 161 166 168 168 l(yi 169 1»>4 163 162 169 166 167 167 165 164 167 161 162 169 166 168 163 169 161 16i 775 CoPEI^^:s — fcon fin v.ed). capifata. Fr. . . entoinorrJiiza. Fr. gracilis. B. . . microcephaJa. B. . militaris. Fr. . . rnyrrnecopTiila. B. ophioglossoides. Fr. pistillariceforniis. B. 'pv.rpv.rea. Fr. . COEEMrUM. candidum. Nees. . Corticium. Fr. araclinoideum. B. atrovirens. Fr. aurora. Fr. . . calceum. Fr. cinereum. Fr. . coeruleum. Fr. . comedens. Fr. . confluens. Fr. . evolvens. Fr. gigantfum. Fr. incamatum. Fr. lactescens. B. . lacteum. Fr. laeve. Fr. . . lividum. P. . nudum. Fr. ochraceum. Fr. polvgonium. Fr. quercinum. P. . roseum. P. . . sambuci. P. sanguineum. Fr. sulfureum. Fr. velutinum. Fr. viscosv u'i. Fr. . Cortiuaxius. Fr. acutus. Fr. . . anfractus. Fr. . anomalus. Fr. . arenatus. P. armeniacus. Fr. armillatus. Fr. bolaris. Fr. . . bulbosus. Fr. . Bulliardi. Fr. . callisteus. Fr. . caUochrous. Fr. camphorafus. Fr. caninus. Fr. caperatus. Fr. . castaneus. Fr. . cinnamomexi3. Fr. cceimlescens. Fr. dz. PAGE. 771 769 770 773 770 771 771 771 772 Br. 602 320 321 323 326 323 324 322 325 325 320 320 324 323 321 321 323 325 323 325 324 321 325 322 322 322 348 171 191 173 183 181 189 186 180 185 180 179 174 179 182 172 190 184 175 948 INDEX. CoTiTisx-Rivs—f continued). collinitus. Fr. cyanipes. Fr. C^|'^nopv.S. B. . decipiens. Fr. . dial>olicus. Fr. . dibaphus. Fr. . dilutus. Fr. elatior. Fr. . . evemius. Fr. fulgens. Fr. gentilis. Fr. glaucopus. Fr. . helvelloides. Fr. hematrichus. Fr. hinnuleus. Fr. . ileopodius. Fr. Jiingliuli]iii. Fr. leucopus. Fr. limonius. Fr. livido-ochraceus. F multiformis. Fr. ochroleucus. Fr. periscelis. Fr. . pholideus. Fr. . prasinus. Fr. psammocephalus. Fr ptirpui'ascens. Fr. raphanoides. Fr. . Eeedii. B. . . . rigens. Fr. . . . .imssTis. Fr. . • • sanguineus. Fr. scaunis. Fr. . . spilomeus. Fr. . . stillatitius. Fr. sublanatus. Fr. tabularis. Fr. . . torras. Fr. . • . turbinatus. Fr. uliginosus. B. . . varius. Fr. . . ■ violaceus. Fr. . . COETXE. sa/rcoides. Tul. turhinata. B. . . virescens. Tul. . . Coryneum^ Kmue. compactum. B. kBr discifonne. Kze. Kuxizei. Corda. macrospermum. B. & macrosporum. B. . microstictum. B. & Br pulvinatum. Kze. tunbonatum. Tul PAGE. I 177 173 173 191 182 175 189 177 186 176 187 174 187 188 186 188 191 191 186 178 174 181 187 180 176 188 175 184 190 , 190 , 173 . 183 . 176 . 183 . 178 . 180 . 182 . 185 . 175 . 184 . 172 . 179 . 733 . 847 . 701 . 1 . 470 820 469 820 470 Br. . 470 841 469 . . 470 . . 469 . . 471 Craterellus. Fr. . comucopioides. Fr. crispus. Fr. . . . Iutescen3. Fr. . . sinuosus. Fr. . . Craterium. Trent. leucocephalum. Ditm. minutum. Fr. . mutabile. Fr. . . pedunculatum. Trent pjTiforme. Bittn. . Cxibraria. sSchrad. argillacea. Pers. . aurantiaca. Fr. intermedia. B. intricata. ScTtr. Crotjania. huinosa. Fckl. miniata. Fckl. Cetptomtces. versicolor. E.F. WaucMi. Grev. . Cbyptosph^eia. oMrantia. Grev. . ditopa. De Xot. . doliolum. Grev. . glaucopunctata. Grev gnomon. Grev. millepunctata. Fckl. nitida. Grev. . . ocellata. De Xot. pulcJiella. Grev. . punctiforrnis. Grev. taxi. Grev. . . . vihratilis. De Not. Cktptospora. aucta. Tul. . . corylina. Fckl. hypod.ennia. Fckl. lijjhoema. Tul. salicella. Fckl. suffusa. Tul. . . Cryptospoxiuxn. Kze. caricis. Corda. Neesii. Corda. vulgare. Fr. . . Cucuxbitaiia. Gray. acervata. D. Not. . berberidis . Gra y . cinnaharina. Grev. cupularis. Fr. . . elongata. Grev. labumi. D. Not. . macrospora. Tul. . miskihutris. D. Not. PAGE. . 309 . 309 . 310 . 309 . 310 . 393 . 394 . 394 . 395 . 394 . 394 . 399 . 400 . 400 . 399 . 399 829 676 726 736 737 777 888 902 918 911 885 928 886 828 914 428 885 887 830 829 831 886 887 424 424 424 829 841 841 781 842 840 840 , 841 , 865 INDEX. 949 PAGE. CuciTRBiTAEiA — (continued). naucosa. FcM 8-12 826 786 . 842 pinastri. Grev. populina. Fr. . spartii. D. Not. Cyathus . Pers. . cinereus. Purt. crvxihulum. Nees. minutus. Sow. striatus. Hoff^yyi. vernicosus. B.C. Cylindrium. Bon. septatum. Bon. Ctlindeosporium. concentricum. Grev, concentricum. Ung. fico.rice. B. . . . Cynophallus. Fr. caninus. Fr. Cyphella. Fr. . capula. Fr. Curreyi. B. . . cuticiilosa. Fr. fulva. B. & Bum. galeata. Fr. GoLlbacliii. Fr. griseo-pallida. Fr. lacera. Fr. . . mnscicola. Fr. . muscigena. Fr. ochroleuca. B. Sf Br. Cystopus. D.By. cubicus. Str. . . . candidtis. Lev. . . lepigoni. D. By. . . spinulosus. D. Bij. Cystotricha. B. 4" Bi striola. B. & Br. . Cttispoea. Fr. carphosperma. Fr. chrysosperraa. Fr. foliicola. Lib fugax. Fr 462 guttifera. Fr Hendersonii. B. & Br. . . leucosperma. P. . 462 826 nivea. Fckl ocellata. Fckl orbicularis. B. . . 473 pinastri. Fr pini. Fckl. pulveracea. E.F ruhescens. Fr. . . . 462 saUcina. Eabh Uacrymyces. jVees. . . . chrysocomus. Tul. . . . 462 462 840 409 395 411 394 409 410 608 474 605 475 365 365 326 328 , 328 328 , 328 , 327 . 328 . 326 , 327 . 327 . 326 . 327 . 524 . 524 . 524 . 525 . 456 826 822 754 827 462 462 838 822 822 896 462 825 754 821 827 351 352 PAGE, DACETiiTCES — (continued). deUquescens. Dk&. . . . 351 moriformis. Fr 346 sebaceus. B. & Br. . . . 351 stillatus. Nees 352 violaceus. ', Fr 351 virescens. Fr 350 Dactylium. JVees. dendroides. Fr. . . 607 778 fumosum. Corda 565 macrosporum. Fr. . . . 607 oboratum. B 608 pyi'ifei'um. Fr 607 roseum. B 608 spbseroceplialum. B. . . 607 tenellum. Fr 607 tenuissirnum. B 608 Seedalea. Fr 287 hetuUna. E. Fl 247 confragosa. P 287 gihhosa. E. Fl 286 latissima. Fr 288 quercina. P 287 sepiaria. E. Fl 248 suaveolens. E. Fl. ... 286 unicolor. Fr 288 Darluca. Cast. filum. Cast 437 raacropiis. B. & Br. . . . 437 tyi)hoideanim. B.&Br. . 437 Dastscypha. hicolor. Fckl 685 calycina. Fckl 685 cerinea. Fckl 686 cland.estina. Fckl. . . . 686 virginea. Fckl 684 Dematiei 562 Dematium. articulatuni. Sow. . . . 582 griseum. Pers 615 hispidulum. B 586 virescens. Pers 861 Dendryphiuxn. Corda. comosum. Wallr. . . . 563 curtum. B. & Br. . . . 564 fumosum. B 565 gi'iseum. B. & Br. . . . 564 laxum. B. & Br 564 ramosum. CooJce 564 Depazea. agaves. Mont 418 huxicola. Fr 453 concava. B 455 diantJii. A. & S 456 graminicola. B 445 pallor. B. ...>... 455 950 INDEX, PAGE. Dendrtphium — (continued J. jjijricoln. Desm 446 scdhioscecola. Desm. . . 4i9 sorhicola. Rabh 448 stemmatea. Fr 445 vagans. Fr 415 vagans, geicola. Fr. . . 450 Desmatea. fascicularis. Fckl. . . . 678 furfaracea. Fckl. . . . 678 frangidoe. Tul 722 Diacli3ea. Fr 395 elegans. Fr 395 Dichaeua. Fr. ritgosa. Fr 932 strobilina. Fr 932 DiALYTES. dececlens. Fckl 814 DiAPORTHE. Beckhausii. Nke 834 circumscripta. Fckl. . . 834 detrusa. Fckl 837 fibrosa. Fckl 831 incequalis. Nke 813 Tnnesii. Fckl 838 lirella. Fckl 894 oncostoma. Fckl 834 pardalota. Fckl 895 pulla. Nke 883 jpyrrhocystis. Fckl, . . . 814 rostellaia. Nke 907 salicis. Nke 886 strumella. Fckl 815 syngenesia. Fckl 816 velata. Nke 880 vepris. Nke 888 Diatrype. Fr. angulata. Fr 811 aspera. Fr 810 Badhami. Curr 815 buUata. Fr 812 ceratosjperrna. Fr. . 817 825 cincta. B. & Br 816 corniculata. B. & Br. . . 813 decipiens. Curr 801 decipiens. Fr 800 817 denigrans. Curr 816 disciformis. Fr 812 dryophila. Ctirr 816 elevata. B. & Br. . . 801 817 favacea. Fr 810 ferruginea. Fr 815 flavo-virens. Fr. . . 799 817 frangnlae. Pers 816 hystrix. Fr 812 insequalis. Curr 813 DiATKYPE — (continued). PAaE. incarcerata. B. & Br. . . 814 lata. Fr 799 817 leioplaca. Fr. . . . 800 817 nucleata. Curr. . . . . 815 podoifles. Fr. . . . . . 8i7 pyrrhocystis. B. & Br. . . 814 quercina. Tul. . . . . &:o scabrosa. Fr. . . . 800 817 sordida. B. & Br. 817 835 stigma. Fr. . . . . . 811 stipata. B. &'Br. . . 824 stipoAa. Curr. . . ..87 strumella. Fr. . . . . 814 syngenesia, Cooke. . . . 816 ulicis. B . . 817 undulata. Fr. . . . . . 814 varians. Curr. . . . . . 813 verruc£eformis. Fr. . . . 810 DiATRYPELLA. angulata. De Not. . . 811 aspera. Fckl. . . . . . 810 favacea. De Not. . . . . 810 quercina. Cooke. . . 810 Rousselii. De Not. . . . 810 verrucceformis. Fckl. . . 811 Dictydium . Schrad. . . 399 umbilicatum. Schrad. . . 399 Dictyosporium. Corda elegans. Corda. . . . . 486 Didezma. Per.'i. . . . .381 Carmichaelianum. B. . . 383 citrinum. Fr. . . . . . 382 contextum. Fr. . . . . 384 cyanescens. Fr. . . . . 384 fleplanatum. Fr. . . . . 384 floriforme. P. . . . . . 382 globosum. Fr. . . . . . 384 lucidum. B. & Br. . . . . 383 nitens. Kl . . 384 spumarioides. Fr. . . 383 Ti'evelyani. Fr. . . . . 383 umbilicatum. P. . . . . 382 vernicosum. P. . . . . 382 DiDYMARIA. helvellce. Corda. . . . . 479 Didymiuxn. Schrad. . . . 385 cinereum. Fr. . . . . . 389 congestum. B. & Br. . . 388 daedaleum. B. & Br. . . 388 farinaceum. Fr. . . . . 386 furfm'aceum. Fr. . . . . 385 h^misphericum. Fr. . . . 385 leucopus. Fr. . . . . . 387 lobatum. Nees. . . . . 388 melanopus. Fr. . . . . 385 INDEX. 951 PAGE. Didy]viium: — (continued). nigripe3. Fr. . . . . .386 pertusum. B. . . . . 387 physarioides. Fr. . . . .388 serpula. Fr. . . . . .389 Sowerbeii. B. . . . . . 387 squamulosum. A.. ahitacea. Fr 775 citrina. Fr 775 delicatnla. Tid 775 fariuosa. B. & Br. . . .776 floccosa. Fr 779 g-elatinosa. Fr 774 inclvisa. B. & Br 776 lateritia. Fr 779 luteo-virens. Fr 778 liiteo-virens. Rabh. . . . 779 onyrmecophila. Eabh. . . 771 riccioidea. B 774 rufa. Fr 774 typhina. B 773 yitalba. B. & Br. . . , . 775 Htpocopba. finieti. Fr &48 ster cor aria. Fckl. . . . 867 Hypogsei 854 Hypomyces. Tul. arraeniacus. Tul. . . . 777 aurantius. Tul 777 chnisospermus. Ttd. . . 778 lateritius. Tul 779 luteo-virens. Tul 778 ochi'aceus. Tul 777 rosellus. Tul 778 tonninosus. Tul 779 Hypospila. F?'. populina. Fr 930 quercina. Fr 930 Hypoxylon. Fr. argiUaceum. Fr 795 atropuriDureuin. Fr. . . . 796 hotrys. Kke 862 coccineurQ. Bull 794 coliaerens. Fr 795 concentricum. Grev. . . . 794 copropjhilum. Fr. ... . 866 fuscum. Fr 796 gastrinuni. B 803 glohulare. Bull 865 granulosum. Bull. . . . 795 loculiferu'in. Bull. . . . 792 luteum. Fr 793 marginatum. B 795 multiforme. Fr 794 nuraniularium. Fr. . . . 798 rubiginosum. Fr 796 scahrosum. Bull 800 serni-imniersum. Fckl. . . 797 serpens. Fr. ..... 797 page. HrPOXTLON — (continued). succentui-iatum. Fr. . . 793 udum. Fr 797 ustvlafvm. Bull 793 Hysterangiuxn. Vitt. . . 358 nepliriticum. B 358 Thwaitesii. B. & Br. . . 358 Hysterium. Tade. amplum. Duhy. .... 760 angustatum. A. & S. . . 758 arundinaceum. Schr. . . 763 Carmichaelianum. B. . . 760 commvme. Fr 761 conigenum. Fr 762 cuhnigenum. Fr. .... 763 curvatum. Fr 759 elongatum. Wahl. . . . 759 foliicolum. Fr 762 foliicolunv f3. hederoe. Fr. . 761 foliicolum y maculare. B. . 761 fi'axini. Pers 759 hederffi. Be Not 761 ilicinum. De Not 760 juniperinum. De Not. . . 763 lineare. Fr 760 maculare. Grev 761 maculare. Fr 762 melaleucum. Fr. .... 762 micrograp)hum. De Not. . 765 pinastrL ScJirad. 763 pulicare. Pers 757 quercinuin. Nees 765 repandum. Bios: 758 Eoussellii. Be Not. . . . 758 ruhi. Fr 761 typhinum. Fr 764 vaccina. Carm. . . ." . 764 variwm. Grev 760 varium. Fr 758 virgultoCTim. D.C. ... 761 xylomoides. Chev. . . . 762 Illospozium. Mont. cameum. Fr 561 coccineum. Fr 561 corallinimi. Boh 561 roseum. Fr 560 Institale. Fr. acariforme. Fr 794 efeusa. Fr 626 Ixpex. Fr 302 fusco-violaceus. Fr. . . . 302 Jobnstoni. B 303 obHquus. Fr 303 pendulus. Fr 303 Isaria. Fr. araclinopliila. Ditm. . . . 548 index:. 957 PAGE. IsARiA — fconiinued). brachiata. Schum. . . . 548 citrina. P 548 farinosa. Fr. ... 548 770 felina. Fr 548 Friesii. 3Iont 549 intricata Fr 549 piiberula. B 549 unihriaa. Fr. . ... 794 Zsariacei. ..... . . 547 Zsothea. Fr. immunda. Cooke 931 pustula. B 931 rlavtismoifles. Fr 931 saUgna. B 932 Kneiffia. Fr 308 setigera. Fr 309 Lachnella. alho-violascens. Fckl. . . 686 corticalis. Fckl 687 Lactaxius. Fr 206 acris. Fr. 211 camphoratus. Fr 217 chrysoiThaeus. Fr. . . . 211 cilicioifles. Fr 207 circellatus. Fr 210 controversus. P 208 cyathula. Fr 214 deliciosus. Fr 213 fuliginosus. Fr 215 glyciosmiis. Fr 215 hysginus. Fr 209 insulsus. Fr 208 mitissimus. Fr 216 palUdus. Fr 213 piperatus Fr 212 plumbeus. Fr 211 puhescens. Schr 208 pyrogalus. Fr 210 quietus. Fr 214 rufus. Fr 215 serifluus. Fr 215 subdulcis. Fr 217 theiogalus. Fr 214 torminosus. Fr 207 trivialis. Fr 210 turpis. Fr 207 uTidus. Fr 210 vellereus. Fr 212 volemum. Fr 216 zonarius. Fr 209 Ziaquearia. Fr. sphaeralis. Fr 721 Iiasiobotrys. Xze. linnet. B 645 923 lonicerae. Kze 644 PAGE. Lasiosph^eia. hirsufa. Fckl 8.56 Jiispida. Fckl 857 racodinm. Fckl 8-55 Lecantdion. atrum. Eabh 716 Lecythea. Lev. Baryi. B 532 hetulina. Lev 522 caprearum. Lev. . . 522 533 epitea. Lev 522 533 euphorhioe. Lev. . . 523 533 gyrosa. Lev. . . . 533 491 lini. Lev. '. 532 miniata. Lev 489 mixta. Lev 531 popuUna. Lev. . . 523 533 potentillarum. Lev. . . 491 poterii. Lev 490 roscB. Lev 490 533 ruhoinim. Lev. . . . 490 532 saliceti. Lev 532 Valerianae. B 532 Lentinus. Fr 241 adhferens. Fr 242 cochleatus. Fr 242 DunaUi. Fr 242 fimhriatus. Curr 243 flabelliformis. Fr. . ■ . 243 lepideus. Fr 242 tigrinus. Fr 241 vulpinus. Fr 243 Lenzites. Fr 247 abietina. Fr 248 betulina. Fr 247 flaccida. Fr 248 sepiaria. Fr 248 Leotia. Mill. fiinetaria. Pers 553 lubrica. Pers 661 Lepista. Sm 192 cinerascens. Bull. . . . 193 nuda. Bull 192 personata. Fr 193 Lepraeia. nigra. E. Bot 485 Leptosph^eia. agnita. De Not. ^ ... 903 complanata. De Not. . . 904 doliolum. De Xot. . . .902 maculans. De Xot. . . . 903 nigrans. De Xot. . . . 904 Ogilviensis. De Xot. . . 905 irito-rulosa. De Xot. . . 905 vectis. De Xot 904 2t 3 958 INDEX. PAGE. Awd. Bon Fckl. Fckl. Desm. Leptospora. ovina. Fckl. pseudo-spennoides. rubella. Rabh. spermoides. Fckl. strirjosa. Fckl. Leptostroma. Fr. cariciuum. Fr. filicinum. Fr. . jiincinum. Fr. litigiosum. Desm. spireme. Fr. . . viilfTarc. Fr. Iieptothyrium. Xze coryli. Fckl. cylindrospermum fragari^e. Lib. juglandis. Lib. ribis. Lib. . . Leucoloma. axillaris. Hedwigii Libebtella. betulina. rosece. Desm. Iiicea. Schrad. api3lanata. J?. cylindrica. Fr. fragiformis. Fr perreptans. B. LiNOSPOEA. caprecB. Fckl. . . Ziophiostoxna. De Not. angustilabra. B. ^ Br arundinis. De Not. bicuspidata. CooTce caulium. De Not. excipidiforme. Fr. fibritecta. B. . . Jerdoni. B. Sf Br. macrostoma. Fr. . nucula. Fr. . . . seniilibera. De Not. sex-nucleata. Coolce viridaria. Cooke. . Lophium. Fr. elatum. Grev. . . inji;iliiiurQ. Fr. Iiycogala. 3Jich. . epidendrum. Fr. . niinuta. Grev. parietinum. Fr. Lycopezdon. Tourn. anemones. Pult. . atropurpureum. Vitt. 417 417 417 8.56 8(31 899 861 8.58 41(5 416 808 806 417 417 761 423 910 910 423 423 423 702 675 818 473 408 407 408 408 932 850 852 848 851 851 850 851 848 849 852 850 849 766 766 378 378 390 378 536 373 Ltcoperdon — (continued) coelatum. Fr. . . echiniformis. Sow. equiseti. HofFm. fuliginosum. Sow. gemmatum. Fr. giganteum. Bafsch gossypinum. Bolt. graniforme. Sow. pnsillum. Fr. . pyriforme. Hch. saccatum. VaJil. Macbopodia. macropus. Fckl. Macrosporiuxn. Fr brassicfB. B. cheiranthi. Fr. commune. Rabh concinnum. B. heteronemum. Desm rabdiferum. B. sarcinula. B. Maimiania. coryli. De Not. fimbriata. De Not spiculosa. De Not IVIairasmius. Fr. alHaceus. Fr. . amadelphus. Fr. androsaceus. Fr. angulatus. Pers. archyi'opus. Fr. caulicinalis. Fr. epiphyllus. Fr. erythropus. Fr. foetidus. Fr. fuscopurpureu3. Fr graminum. Fr. Hudsoni. Fr. . impudicus. Fr. insititius. Fr. . languidus. Fr. oreades. Fr. perforans. Fr. , peronatus. Fr. . porreus. Fr. ramealis. Fr. . rotula. Fr. . . saccbarinus. Fr. scorodonius. Fr. spodoleucus. B. & Br Stephensii. B. & Br. terginus. Fr. urens. Fr. ? . Vaillantii. Fr. . Wyunei. B. Sf Br. page. 373 408 692 379 374 372 642 376 373 374 373 666 . 577 . 576 . 576 . 577 . 577 . . 575 576 896 910 909 882 232 238 237 239 236 235 238 240 234 237 234 239 240 235 239 236 233 239 232 233 237 238 240 235 241 235 235 232 236 234 INDEX. 959 PAGE. Massaria. Be Not. argils. Till 844 bufonia. TvX 846 Bidliardi. Tul 846 Currei. Tul 847 ebm-nea. Tul 846 fimeti. Fr 847 foedans. Fr 845 holoschista. Tul 847 inquinans. Tode 846 lateritia. Tul 802 pupula. Tit? 845 siparia. Tul 844 Melampsoza. Cast. betulina. Desm 522 euphorbice. Cast. padi ? poi^ulina. Lev. . . . salicina. Lev. . . . tremiilse. Tul. . . . Xaelanconis. T21I. alni. Tul Berkeloei. Tul. . . chrysostroma. Tul. . lanciformis. Tul. . . longipes. Tul. . . . macrospora. Tul, stilbostoma. Tul. IVIelanconiuni. Lmk. apiocarpum. Corda. hetulinum. Kze. . . bicolor. Nees. . . . magnum. B. . . . microsporum. Nees. sphmroideum. E.F. spliEerospermum. Lie. S/Ielanogaster. Corda. ambignus. Tul. . . Berlieleanus. Br. Broomeianus. B. variegatus. Tul. . . Melaxomma. Aspegrenii. Fckl. pomiformis. Fckl. pulvis-pryius. Fckl. vilis. Fckl Melanospora. Zohelii. Fckl. . . . Melasxnia. Lev. acerina. Lev. . . . alnea. Lev IVIelogzaxnxna. Tul. Bulliardi. ^uZ. . . ferrugi Ileum. Fckl. . fusisporium. Fr. . . gastrinum. Tul. . . 466 466 467 523 523 523 522 522 818 819 819 820 820 842 818 819 818 818 466 819 818 875 356 356 359 356 356 440 870 862 865 871 926 756 440 801 815 801 803 PAGE. Melogramcma — (continued) . gyrosum. Tul 802 homaleum. Fr 802 oligosporum. B, . . . 802 842 rubro-notatiim. B. ^ Br. . 802 vagans. De Xot 802 BUenispora. Pers. ciliata. Corda 614 lucida. Corda 614 IVIeruleus. F?- 288 aurantiacus. Klot. . . . 289 Carmichaelianus. B. . . 290 corium. Fr 289 helvelloides. Sow. . . . 779 bimantoides. Fr 289 lacrymans. Fr 291 molluscus. Fr 290 pallens. B 290 porinoides. Fr 290 rufus. Fr 290 seri^ens. Fr 290 tremellosus. Schr. . . . 289 tuhcpfrrrinis. With. . . . 711 IVIicrocera. Besm. coccophila. Besm. . . . 556 IVIicropera. Lev. drupaceaiiim. Lev. . 462 724 IVIicrosphseiria. Lev. berberidis. Lev 649 comata. Lev 649 grossularige. Lev 649 Hed^igii. Lev &48 Mougeotii. Lev 649 penicillata. Lev 649 Microstoma. enteroleucum. Fckl. . . . 810 vevrucceformis. Fckl. . . 811 vulgare. Eabb 811 MiCROTHECIUM. Zohelii. Corda 926 MiCROTHELIA. ventosicola. Mudd. . . . 873 Microthyrium . Besm. microscopicum. Desm. . . 927 MiCROXIPHIUM. Footii. Harv 933 IVIitzula. Fr. cucullata. Fr 660 paludosa. Fr 660 Moiulia. Hill. antennata. Grev. . . . 481 ccespitosa. Purfc. . . . 606 fasciculata. Corda. . . . 606 penicillata. E.F. . . . 606 racemosa. Purt 606 9G0 INDEX. PAGE. Manotospora. Cn-di. megalospora. B. 4* Br. . . 568 splijerocephala. B. 4" Br. . 569 Morchella. />?7^. crassipes. Pers 656 esculenta. Pers 655 hybrila. Son: G56 patula. Pers 656 semilibera. D.C 656 IVIucedines 5H7 Mucor 630 ainetliysteus. B 631 asperr^illus. Bull. . . . 588 hotrytis. Sow 594 caniniis. P 631 clavatus. Linl- 631 ccespitosv.s. Bolt. . . . 606 deUcatiilus. B 632 dendroides. Biill. . . 608 778 fusiger. Lini: 631 gJaucus. Sow 588 hyalinus. Cooke 632 mucerlo. L 630 phy corny ces. B 630 queraeus. Sow 603 ramosus. Bull. . 630 stercoreus. Grey. . . . 634 suhtilissimns. B 633 SUCC05US. B 631 teneiTimus. B 632 Mucozini 629 Mteiocephalum. Fckl. . . 472 IVIyzotheciuni. Tode. roridum. Tode 559 Mystzosporiuni. Corda. stemphTlium. Corda. . . 578 Mtxoctclus. conf.aens. Fres 844 OTyxogastres 377 Myxormia. B. d Br. atro-Tiridis. B. & Br. . . 459 Zayxosporium. Be Not. colliculosurii. B. . . 473 533 croceum. Lk 811 orbiculare. B. . . . 473 896 jparadomrrn. DeXot.. 473 768 IVl3rsotrichuin. Xze. ca;sium. Fr 613 chartarmn. Kze 612 deflexum. B 613 Naematelia. F?' .... 350 encephala. Fr 350 nucleata. Fr 350 virescens. Corda 350 Nectria. F7\ Albertini. B. 4" Br. . . . 7&4 &Br. B. &B. B. & Br. PAGE. Nectria — Ccontiaxied). aqiiifolia. B. arenula. B. Sf Br. avraiitia. B. . aurea. Grev. Bloxami. B. & Br cinnaharina. Fr. coccinea. Fr. . . cucurbitula. Fr. episphoeria. Fr. flavida. Fr. funicola. B ^aminicola. helminthicola. hirta. Blox. inaurata. B. Sc Br. miiscivora. B. 4' Bt ochracea. Fr. . ochraceo-pallida. B p?ziza. Fr. . . platasca. B. pulicaris. Tul. . punicea. Schm. Purtoni. Ciorr. . Ptalfsii. B.^-Br. rosella. B. . . Eusseliana. Mont. sanguinea. Fr. sinopica. Fr. torrainosa. Mont. umbrina. Fr. Nexnaspora. aurea. Eabh 818 carxnnea. Baxt 466 crocea. Desm. . . 472 818 828 magna. Grev. . . . r.iicrospora. Desm. . rosfe. Desm. . . . Neznatogonum. Besm. aurantiaeum. Desm. . aiirenm. B Neottiospora. Besm. caricum. Desm. Nidulaxia. Tnl. campo.nulata. Sow.^. loevis. Bidl. . . . pisiformis. Tul. . . 782 787 777 785 787 781 782 782 785 784 784 787 787 783 783 786 781 786 784 785 780 781 786 783 778 788 785 782 779 788 467 811 473 589 590 457 '410 411 411 striata. Holm 410 Nidulariacei. Tul. NiPTEPvA. cinerea. Fckl. . lacustris. Fckl. NiTSCHKIA. exilis. Fckl. Fuckelii. Nke. 409 701 701 858 843 INDEX. 961 r. Nummularia. Tul. Bulliardi. Tul. . Nyctalis. Fr. asterophora. Fr. parasitica. Fr. , Octaviana. Vift. amhigua. Vitt. asterosperma. Vitt Stephensii. Tul. Odontia. Fr. . fimbriata. Fr. . OSdemium. F'r. atnim. Fr.. . . CEdocephalum. P, laeticolor. B.^Br Oidium. Link. ahortifaciens. B. £equivocum. B.&B aureum. LinTc. . halsamii. Mont hxdlatura. B. . chartarum. Lh. concenti-icum. B. & erysiphoides. Fr. fasciculatum. B. favorum. B.& Br. fructigenmn. Schi fvilvuin. LinJc. . leucoconium. Desm nioniUoides. Link porriginis. Mont. Tucker i. B. . . Onygena. Pers. apus. B. &Br. . equina. Pers. faginea. Fr. piligena. Fr. Onygenei .... OOGASTER. nitidus. Corda. rufus. Corda. . Oomyces. B. ^5' £r cameo-albus. B. &Bi Ophiobolus. disseminans. Eeiss. , Ophiotheca. Curr. chrjsosperma. Cwrr. Orbicula. Cooke. cjclospora. Cooke. tartaricola. Cooke. OSTEOPA. cuhicularis. Fckl. Otidea. lejporina. Fckl. . . onotica. Fckl. . . . PAGE. . 798 . 231 . 231 . 231 355 eusis. 605 Br. 356 355 355 307 307 569 566 772 . 604 . 603 . 605 . 737 . 603 . 604 . 605 . 604 . 604 . 604 . 603 . 605 . 605 , 604 . 605 , 642 , 642 625 642 641 741 741 780 900 402 926 926 829 668 ^ PAGE. Otthia. Xjopulina. Fckl 842 Pachnocybe. B. acicula. B 551 albida. B 551 ^sea. B 551 subulata. B 550 Pachyphlceus. Tul. citrimis. B. & Br. . . . 744 conglomeratus. B. 4" Br. . 744 melanoxanthus. Tul. . . 743 Fanus. Fr 244 conchatus. Fr 244 stypticus. Fr 245 torulosus. Fr 244 Fapulaspora. Preuss. sepedonioides. Preuss. . . 618 Passaloea. hacilUgera. Fr 584 Patellaria. Pr. aquatica. Curr 719 atrata. Fr 716 atro-alba. Cooke 718 atro-vinosa. Blox. . . . 718 bicolor. Curr 719 citrina. B.&Br 717 clavispora. B. & Br. . . . 717 constipata. Blox 720 discolor. Mont 718 lecideola. Fr 720 lignyota. Fr 720 livida. B.&Br 717 olivacea. Batsch 719 palustris. Curr 719 pamila. Cooke 720 proxima. B. Sf Br. . . . 718 rhabarbarina. B 717 ruhi. Lib 717 Paxillus. Fr 194 atrotomentosus. Fr. . . . 194 involutus. Fr 194 panuoides. Fr 195 Penicillium. Link. bicolor. Fr 602 candidum. Fr 602 chartanim. Cooke. . . . 602 crustaceura. Fr 601 fasciculaJuni. B 601 gloMcurn. Grer 601 rosexun. Link. . . . 602 632 sparsum. Grev 602 subtile. B 603 Perichaena. Fr 407 abietina. Fr 407 populina. Fr 407 strobilina. Fr 409 9G2 INDEX. PAGE. Fericonia. Cnrda. califioidcs. B 565 glaucocephala. Corda. . . 565 discolor. Corda 551 !(frmoinf}. alhida. Fr altemata. B. ... byssoides. Fr. . , ca.licioid.es. Fr. . . lohulata. B. ... nigrella. B. ... Sporodinia. Li}ik. dichotoma. Corda.. Sporoduxn. Cunhu conopleoides. Corda. PAGE. . 483 , 484 . 484 . 485 469 &41 . 1 . 627 C< rda. Lee. . Desm. Spozomega. cladophila. SPOEOXEaiA. yla.adJxola. SPOEOEillA. intermedia,. Awd. Sporotrichum. Zi/ik. aurantiacum. Grev. chlorinum. Linlc. fenestrale. Ditm. fuscum. Link. geoch ro u ra. E . F . inosculans. B. . . laxum. Link. . . m i a u t u rn . Grev. . nignijin. B. . . . suljjliureum. Grev. viresceas. Link. Spumazia. Fr. . . alba. B.C. . . . Stachybotzys. Corda. ati'a. Corda. . . lobulata. B. . . . STACHTLIDITJir. ara.ncariv.rii Bon. diffusura. Fr. . . terrestre. Fr. . STA3IXAEIA. Persoonii. Fckl 517 . 431 . 470 482 551 , 567 566 566 568 567 635 586 764 421 866 610 610 611 853 611 610 610 610 611 610 861 380 380 567 567 616 617 592 698 1)76 INDEX. PAGE. Stegia. Fr. ilicis. Fr 767 Stegonosporium. Corda. cellulosum. Corda. . . . 467 eleuatum. Reiss 471 pyriforme. Corda. . . . 845 Stemonitis. Gled ?AH'> arcjTioides. Somm. . . . 398 ferruginea. Ehrh 396 fusca. Roth 396 obtusata. Fr 397 ovata. Pers 397 papillata. E.F 398 physarioides. A. & S. . . 397 puichella. Bah 397 tphoides. B.C 397 violacea. Pers 398 Stephensia. 'Jul. bombycina. Tul. . . . Stexeum. Fr acei'inuin. Fr hii'sutum. Fr pui'pureum. Fr. . . . rugosum. Fr sanguinolentum. Fr. spadicemn. Fr. . . . Stictis. Ftvs. chrysophaea. Fr. . . . hysterioides. Desm. . . lecanora. Schm. . . lichenicola. Mont. . . longa. Fr microstoma. Carm. . . nivea. Pers pallida. Pers parallela. Fr phacidioides. Fr. . . . radiata. Pers rvjfa. Pers sicrostortia. E.F. . . . versicolor. Fr Wauchii. B 737 Stictosphseria. TuL Hoffmanni. Tul 812 Stigxnatea. Fr. alcbemillffi. Grev 929 chEetomium. Fr 929 conferta. Fr 928 geranii. Fr 928 polvgonorum. Fr. . . . 929 potentillffi. Fr 929 ranunculi. Fr 928 Eobertiani. Fr 928 Eousseliana. Fckl. . . . 788 Stilbacei 552 745 316 317 316 316 317 317 317 735 735 735 735 736 734 735 734 736 736 734 733 734 736 PAGE. Stilbospora. Pers. angustata. Pers 468 asterosx>erma. Pers. . . . 468 hotryospora. Mont. . . . 472 macrosperma. Pers. 468 819 magna. E.F 463 microsperma. Johnst. , , 463 ovata. Pers 468 pyriformis. Hoffm. . . . 468 sp}i(Erosperma. Pers. . . 464 Stilbum. Tode 552 anomalum. B 554 aurantiacum. B 553 bicolor. P 554 erythrocephalum. Ditm. . 553 fasciculatum. B. & Br. . 553 fimetarium. B. & Br. . . 553 nigrum. B 554 pellucidum. Schr. . . . 555 piliforme. P 554 rigidum. Pers. . . . 554 856 tomentosum. Schr. . . . 552 turbinatum. Tode. . . . 555 vaporarium. B. & Br. . . 553 vulgare. Tode 555 Stzobiloxnyces. B. . . . 261 strobilaceus. B 261 Steomatosph^ria. disciforrais. Grev. . . . 812 quercina. Grev 810 ribesia. Grev 808 stigma. Grev 812 typhina. Grev 773 Stysanus. Corda. pusiUus. Fckl 918 stemonitis. Corda. . . . 605 Syzygites. Ahrb. megalocarpus. Ehh. . . . 636 Tapesia. ccBsia. Fckl 693 chaveticB. Fckl 693 fusca. Fckl 695 rosoB. Fckl 694 sanguinea. Fckl. . . . 695 variecolor. Fckl 688 TAPHRI^^A. bidlata. Tul 737 deformans. Tul 737 Tetraploa. B. ^- Br. aristata. B. (t Br. . . . 487 Thamxidium. elegans. Link 630 Thamnomyces. Fhr. bippotricbioides. Ehr. . . 792 Thecaphora. Flng. byalina. Fing 515 IXDEX. 977 Thelel>olus. Tode. terrestris. A. & S. stercoreus. Tode. . Thelephoxa. acerina. E. Fl. . anthocephala. Fr. anthocliroa. P. . arida. Fr. . . biennis. Fr. . . byssoides. P. calcea. E. Fl. . caesia. P. . . carhonaria. E.F. caryophyllea. Fr. cinerea. E. Fl. . cceridea. E. Fl. . comedeiis. E. Fl. coralloides. E. Fl. corrugata. E. Fl. cristata. Fr. fastidiosa. Fr. . gigantea. E. Fl. granulosa. E. Fl. kirsuta. E. Fl. . i)icarnata. E. Fl. laciniata. P. lactea. B. . . lactescens. E. Fl. loevis. B. . . . lauro-cerasi. E. Fl. laxa. Fr. . . . livkla.^ E. Fi. . 'mollissima. P. . midtizonata. B. d: nuda. E. Fl. ochracea. E. Fl. olivacea. Fr. palmata. Fr. •purpurea. E. Fl. puteana. ScTium. quercina. E. Fl. rosea. E. Fl. ruhiginosa. E. Fl. rugosa. E. Fl . samhuci. E. Fl. sanguinolenta. E, sebacea. Fr. Sowerbei. Soiuerhei. sidphurea. tahacina. terrestris. tuberosa. B. . B. Out, E. Fl. E. Fl. Fr. . Grev. Br Fl viscosa. E. Fl. Thteidium. v&stitum. Fckl. PAGE. .412 . 413 . 413 316 311 315 315 313 314 323 314 676 312 324 322 324 312 319 313 314 321 307 316 324 313 321 323 321 316 315 323 313 311 324 324 315 312 316 315 324 321 318 316 324 316 314 311 311 322 318 312 311 348 839 Fr, Tilletia. Tul. caries. Tul. . Torrubia. Lev capitata. Fr. entomorrbiza. gracilis. B. . . . militaris. Fr. . . niyi'mecopbila. Tul. opbioglossoides. Tid. pistillarifeformis. B. Torula. Pers. abbreviata. Corda. cequivoca. Corda. . antennata. Pers. . aurea. Corda. . . basicola. B. & Br. cylindrica. B. . . eriopJiori. B. . . fructigena. Pers. . fulva. Corda. . . graminis. Desm. . berbarum. Lk. . . bysterioides. Corda. moniboides. Corda. ovabspora. B. . . plantaginis. Corda. pulvillus. B. ^' Br. pulveracea. Cord.a. sporendonema. B. Sf stilbospora. Cord^a. Trachtspora. alchemillce. Fckl. Trametes. Fr. . . gibbosa. Fr. . . . odora. Fr. . . . pini. Fr. . . . suaveolens. Fr. Trematosph^ria. pertusa. Fckl. . . Txemella. Fr. . . albida. Huds. auricula-Jud.ce. Bull clavata. P. . . . epigEea. B. ^ Br. . ferruginea. E.B. . fimbriata. P. . . foliacea. P. . . . frondosa. Fr. . . indecorata. Somm. intumescens. 8ow. lutescens. Fr. . . mesenterica. Betz. moriformis. B. sarcoides, Sm. torta. WUld. . . tubercularia. B, , 2v PAGE. 511 Br. . 477 . 477 478 586 . 869 . 344 . 346 . 349 . 347 . 348 . 345 . 344 . 345 • 04fx . 346 . 346 . 345 . 345 . 346 347 733 978 INDEX, Tremella — (confinued). versicolor. B.&Br, vesicaria. Bull. viscosa. P. . Tremellini. . . . Triblidiuxn. Jieb. caliciiforme. Reh. . Trichia. JIall. alba. Purt. . . alba. Sow. . . . Aj-resii. B. Sf Br. . cerina. Ditm. . . chrysosperma. D.C. clavata. Pers. . . clavata. /3. olivaceus. denudata Sow. . faginea. Johns. . fallax. Pers. . . flagellifer. B. Sf Br. Lorinseriana. Corda. tneteorica. Sow. Neesiana. Corda. nigripes. Pers. nitens. Grev. . . nuda. Sow. . . nutans. Sow. . . pyriformis. Sow. pyriformis. Hoffm. reticulata. Grev. rubiformis. Pers. . serotina. Schrad. serpula. Pers. . . turbinata. With. . varia, Pers. . . Tzichobasis. Lev. arte'inisice. B. . . betae. Lev. ■ . . caricinaj. Lev. . . cichoracea/rum. Lev. epilobii. B. . . 506 fabcB. Lev. . . . galii. Lev. . . . 500 geranii. B. . . . glumarum. Lev. . heraclei. B. hydrocotyles Coolie. labiatarum. Lev. linearis. Lev . . lychnidearum. Lev. oblongata. B. . . parnassias. CooTce. petroselini. B. polygonorum. Lev. pruni-spinoscB. Lev, pyrolse. B. . . . rhamni. Cooke. . Fr. PAGE. . 347 . 345 . 347 . 344 757 386 307 403 405 405 404 405 401 329 404 406 403 407 403 405 405 396 401 404 403 406 402 404 406 405 406 499 531 . . 530 493 531 499 531 507 531 508 531 501 531 . . 530 . . 529 502 531 . . 530 496 531 493 531 505 531 . . 529 . . 531 . . 529 495 531 507 529 507 PAaE. TRicsOBAsis—CconHnued). rubigo-vera. Lev. . 493 531 scillaruni. B. . . . 519 531 senccionis. B. . . . 500 531 suaveolens. Lev 530 symphyti. Lev 529 umbellatarum. Lev. . 501 531 vincce. B 497 531 violarum. B. . . . 504 531 Trichoderma. viride. Pers. . . . 626 774 Tricodermacei 625 Trichogastzes 366 Trichopeziza. nivea. Fckl 685 sul/phurea. Fckl 689 villosa. Fckl 690 Trichospora. obducens. Fckl 865 Trichothecium. agaricinurn. Bon. . . . 778 rosevm. Fr 608 Triphragmium. Link. iilmarise. LinTc 492 Triposporium. Corda. elegans. Corda 580 Trochila. Fr. buxi. Capron 768 craterium. Fr 768 lauro-cerasi. Ir 767 Trogia. Fr 246 crispa. Fr 246 Tuber. aestivum. Vitt 738 albidum. Fr 739 album. Sow 742 bituminatum. B. & Br. . . 739 bohemicum. Corda. . . . 739 brumale. Mich 740 cibarium. Sow 739 cinereum. Tul 741 dryopbilum. Tul 742 excavatum. Vitt 740 fuscum. Corda 740 macrosporum. Vitt. . . . 739 melanosporum. B. . . . 740 moschatum. Sow. . . . 356 nitidum. Vitt 741 pubenilum. B. Sc Br. . . 741 rufiim. Pico 741 scleroneuron. B. & Br. . . 740 solidum. With 375 Tubercinia. Fr. scabies. B 516 trientalis. B.&Br. . . . 516 INDEX. 979 PAGE, Tu'beirculairia. Tode. cdhida. E. Fl 347 granulata. Pers 557 nigricans. LinTc 558 persicina, Bitra 558 vvlgaris. Tode. . . 558 781 TTJBEECITLOSTOirA. lageniforrne. Sollm. . . . 829 Tulostoma. P 368 mammosum, Fr 368 Tyxupanis. Tode. alnea. Pers 722 conspersa. Fr 728 frangTilffi. Fr 722 fraxini. Schra 722 H^ustri. Tul 723 saligna. Fr 723 Typhula. Fr 340 erythropus. Fr, . . . . 341 filiformis. Fr 342 gracilis. B. & Desni. . . 342 Grevillei. Fr 342 gyrans. Fr 341 incamata. Fr 341 muscicola. Fr 341 phacorrliiza. Fr 341 Uncinula. Lev. adunca. Lev 646 bicomis. Lev 647 Wallrothii. Lev &47 Uredo. cBcidiiformis. Grev. . . . 529 alliorum. E.F 518 aUiorum. D.C 528 antherorum. E.F. . . . 515 apiculosa. E.F 518 apii. Wall 502 apjpendiculosa. E.F. . . 518 artemisiw. B 499 aspa/ragi. Lasch. . . . 494 hetce. Pers 530 hetulina. E.F 522 bifrons. Grev 528 campo.nulcp. E.F. . . . 521 caprea^nim. E.F. . . . 522 coricina. E.F 493 caries. E.F 511 caryophyllacearum. JoJinst. 526 circaw. A. & S 507 circinalis. Str 527 cirsii. Lasch 499 colchici. 3 517 cornpransor. E.F. . 520 521 concentrica. Desm. . . . 519 confluens, D.C 527 cylindrica. E.F. . 522 523 UEEDO^-f C0?2,?iVt lied). cylindrospora. E.F. effu^a. E.F. . . empetri. D.C. epUohii. E.F. epitea. Kze. . . eqvAseti. E.F. . . eupjhorhice, E.F. fallans. Desm. filicum. Desm. jiosculorurn, Fr. foetidM. Bauer. frumenti. Sow. geranii. D.C. . . gyrosa. E.F, . . hydrocotyles. Bert, hypericonim. D.C, Jiypodytes. Desm. irapatierdis, Eabh. iainisa. E.F. iridis, E.F. . . lahiataim/ra. D.C. linearis. E.F. , liixi. D.L , . lonyicapsula, "^.C longissima. Sow. miniata. P. . . miisco.ri. Duby. . oblongata. Grev. olivacea, E.F. padi. Kze. . . . po.rallela. E.F. . parnassice. "West. petasites. Grev. petroselini. D.C. pinguis. D.C. polygonorura. Grev. pompholygodes. B, porphyrogenita, Lk. porri. Sow. potentillarum. D.C. potentillarum. E.F. poterii. E.F. . . . primulce. E.F. . . pustulata. P. . . . pjyroliT^. Grev. . . quercus. Broad, ranunculaceani.m. E.F receptaculorum. Desm. rhinanthacearurn. E.F 7-osce. E.F ruhigo. E.F. . . . nihorum. E.F. . . saliceti. E.F. . . . saxifragaram. D.C. . scillarv.m. Grev. . . PAGE. . . 474 492 520 . 527 . 506 . 522 . 560 . 523 . 508 . 526 . 515 . 511 . 493 . 530 , 491 . 530 . 526 . 513 . 504 , 519 . 494 . 496 . 493 . 532 . 523 . 512 . 489 . 519 . 530 . 513 . 527 . 517 . 531 . 521 . 529 . 520 . 495 . 517 . 52? . 518 . o2o . 491 . 490 . 495 . 526 . 529 . 526 . 519 . 515 . 521 . 490 . 493 . 491 . 532 . 525 . 519 9.^0 INDEX. PAGE. UnEDO — (contin uefl). seyehim. Pers 512 semperviii. A. & S. . . . 546 senecionis. E.F 500 sonchi, Perg 521 sparse. Kze 519 staticef. Desm 528 suaveolens. Pers. . . . 530 symphyti. D.C 529 tropEeoli. Desm 528 uhnarice. Mali; 492 vrnteUatarum. Johnst. . 501 irrceolonim. D.C. . . . 512 utricvloso. Corda. • . . 514 vacciniomm. P 527 voJerio'nu;. D.C 532 vincm. D.C 497 violanmi. D.C 505 Urocystis. Babh. colcliici. Till 517 occulta. Preuss 517 IJompliolTgodes . Sch. . . 517 violfe. B. & Br 517 Uromyces. aUioriim. D.C 518 apiculosa. Lev 518 appendiculata. Lev. . . . 518 concentrica. Lev 519 ficarife. Lev 518 graminum. Coolie. . . . .520 intrusa. Lev. ...... 519 iridis. Lev. . . . 494 520 limonii. Lev 518 polTgoni. Fckl. . . 495 519 primulce. Lev. . . . 495 520 sparsa. Lev 519 vhacvna;. Lev. ... 492 520 Ustilago. Luik. ' aBtherarum. Fr 515 carbo. Tvl 512 flosculomm. TvX. . . . 515 grammica. B. & Br. . . 514 grandis. Tul. ..... 513 hypodytes. Fr. ..... 513 longissima. Tul 512 maydis. Corda 513 Montagnei. Tul 513 olivacea. Tul 513 receptaculonim. Fr. . . . 515 Salveii. B. j- Br 514 segetum. Ditm 512 typhoides, B. & Br. . . 513 urceolorum. Tul. . . . 512 utricvdosa. Tul 514 vinosa. Tul 514 Vstulina. Tvl. vulgaris. Tul 792 Valsa. Fr. abietis. Fr. . . . aglaeostronia. B. ^' Br ambiens. Fr. . . . amygdalina. Cooke ang^dota. Fr. appendiculosa. arcuota. Cuit. aurea. Fdd. . . biconica. Curr. bitorulosa. B. & Br. ceratophora. Tul. chrysostro rn a. Pr. cincta. Curr Fckl &B circumscripta. 3Io commutata. Fckl concamerata. Cur conjuncta. Fckl. controversa. Fr. convergens. Fr. coronata. Fr. . cor on at a. Duby. corylina. Tul. . cratffigi. Curr. . decorticans. Fr. detrusa. Fr. dissepta. Fr. dryina. Curr. . enteroleuca. Fr. extensa. Fr. faginea. Curr. fenestrata. B fibrosa. Fr. furfuracea. Fr bapalocystis. B. & hypodermia. B. & hypodermia. Fr Innesii Curr. . intexta, Cwrr. Kunzei. Fr lageniformis leiphemia. lencostoma. luteola. B. microstoma, nivea. Fr. oncostoma paiTnularia. Persoonii. platanigera platanoides. polyspora. profusa. Fr. prunastri. Fr. . pulcbella. Fr' . pulckra. Curr. . quaternata. Fr Cw Fr. F; Fr Duly B. 'Kke. . B.& B. Nke. B Br B, PAGE. 825 .838 82G 826 811 816 820 826 832 832 825 819 817 834 830 824 830 824 836 825 825 830 833 825 887 823 824 834 830 833 837 831 832 839 824 829 838 830 823 829 831 822 835 823 822 834 836 823 827 837 822 838 821 828 832 828 INDEX. 981 PAGE. VALSA — (continued). 1 quernea. C^wr. . . . . 828 rhodi. Nke. . . . ; . 800 rhodophila. B. & Br. , .828 rhois. Cooke. . . . . 834 rosarum. De Not. . . 825 rutila. Tul . . 826 saKcina. Fr. . . . . . 827 scahrosa. Nke. . . . . 800 stellulata. Fr. . . . . 821 ' stilbostoma. Fr. . . . . 834 suffusa. Fr. . . . . . 829 syngenesia, Fr. . . . . 822 taleola. Fr. . . . . . 835 tetraploa. B. & C. . . . 827 tetra.s'pora. Curr, 826 827 tetratrupha. B. & Br. . . 837 tetroirv/glw v. simplex. . 893 thelebola. Fr. . . . . 835 tilaginea. Curr. . . . . 833 tiliae. Tul . . 833 turgida. Fr. . . . . . 836 vestita. Fr. . . . . . 839 1 Velutaeia. i rufo-olivacea. Fckl. . .688 Venturia. Be Not. barbula. B. & Br. . . 924 chjetomiiun. De Not. . . 923 Dickiei. Be Not. . . . . 923 eres. Be Not. . . . . 923 ilicifolia. Coolce. . . . . 924 integra. Cooke. . . . . '24 myi'tilli, Cooke. . . . . 924 Vermicularia. Tode. 1 atramentaria. B. & Br . . 438 circinans. B. . . . . . 439 1 dematium. Fr. . . . . 438 trichella. Grev. . . . . 438 Vexpa. Sivartz. conica. Sow. . . . . . 660 digitaliformis. P. . . 659 Verticilliuxu. LinTi. agaricinum. Corda. . . . 777 apicale. B. & Br. . . . . 598 distans. B. cf- Br. . . 959 PAGE. Verticillium — (continued). epimvces. B. & Br. . . . 599 Icderitium. B 635 nanum. B. & Br. . . .599 Vibzissea. i^r. tnincomm. Fr 662 Virgazia. Kees. nigra. Fr 611 YiTTADINION. Montagnei. Zob. . . . 740 Volutella. Fr. hv.xi. B 557 788 ciliata. Fr 556 hyacinthorum. B. ... 557 melaloma. B. & Br. . . . 557 setosa. B 557 WUESTNEIA. ce^vAlineariformis. Fckl. 837 fihrosa. Fckl. . . . . .831 rnonadelpha. Fckl. . . 833 sphinctrina. Fckl. . . . 836 Xenodochus. Schl. carbonarius. Sclil. . . . 489 Xerotus. Fr 245 degener. Fr 245 Xylaria. Fi\ bulbosa. B.&Br 791 carpophila. Fr 790 coniiformis. Mont. . . . 789 digitata. Qrev 789 hypoxylon. Grev. . . . 790 pedunculata. Fr. . . . 790 polymoi-plia. Grev. . . . 789 vaporaria. B 791 Xtlographa, po/rallela. Fckl 736 Xyloma. concava. Grev 767 geranii. Grev 928 quercina. D.C 930 rvhrurn. Pers 803 Zasznidium. Fr. cellare. Fr 628 Zygodesmus. Corda. fuscus. Corda 611 1 GEO. P. BACON, PRINTER, LEWES. f 71 275S B 59 i?^ k%» LV J S£faS^^<^ New York Botanical Garden Library QK607 .C5997 c.2 v.2