REESE LIBRARY

OF THI:

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.

— n — n — n — n,

Deceived

cce&sioii No. / £)~~Q

™J

Works of Prof. Robt, H. Tkurston,

Published by JOHN WILEY & SONS, 53 E. Tenth Street, New York.

MATERIALS OF ENGINEERING.

A work designed for Engineers, Students, and Artisans in wood, metal, and stone. Also as a TEXT-BOOK in Scientific Schools, show- ing the properties of the subjects treated. By Prof. R. H. Thurston. Well illustrated. In three parts.

Part I. THE NON-METALLIC MATERIALS OF ENGINEER

ING AND METALLURGY.

With Measures in British and Metric Units, and Metric and Reduction Tables 8vo, cloth, $2 00

Part II. IRON AND STEEL.

The Ores of Iron ; Methods of Reduction ; Manufacturing Processes ; Chemical and Physical Properties of Iron and Steel ; Strength, Duc- tility Elasticity and Resistance; Effects of Time, Temperature, and repeated Strain ; Methods of Test ; Specifications 8vo, cloth, 3 50

Part IH. THE ALLOYS AND THEIR CONSTITUENTS.

( >]>per. Tin, Zinc, Lead, Antimony, Bismuth, Nickel, Aluminum, etc.; The Brasses, Bronzes; Copper-Tin-Zinc Alloys; Other Valuable Alloys; Their Qualities, Peculiar Characteristics; Uses and Special Adaptations; Thurston's "Maximum Alloys"; Strength of the Alloys as Commonly Made, and as Affected by Special Conditions;

The 'Mechanical Treatment of Metals 8vo, cloth, 2 50

"As intimated above, this work will form one of the most complete as well as modem treatises upon the Materials used in all sorts of Building Constructions. As a whole it forms a very comprehensive and practical book for Engineers, both Civil and Mechanical.1'— American Machinist.

" We regard this as a most useful book for reference in its departments ; it should be in every Engineer's library." — Mechanical Kngineer.

MATERIALS OP CONSTRUCTION.

A Text-book for Technical Schools, condensed from Thurston's " Materials of Engineering." Treating of Iron and Steel, their ores, manufacture, properties and uses; the useful metals and their alloys, especially brasses and bronzes, and their "kalchoids": strength, ductility, resistance, and elasticity, effects of prolonged and oft- repeated loading, crystallization and granulation; peculiar metals: Thurston's "maximum alloys"; stone; timber; preservative pro- cesses, etc., etc. By Prof. Robt. H. Thurston, of Cornell University.

Many illustrations Thick 8yo, cloth, 500

"Prof. Thurston has rendered a great service to the profession by the publication of this thorough, yet comprehensive, text-book. . . . The book meeti* a long-felt want, and the well-known reputation of it? author is a sufficient guarantee for its accuracy and thoroughness."— Building.

TREATISE ON FRICTION AND LOST WORK IN MACHIN- ERY AND MILL WORK.

Containing an explanation of the Theory of Friction, and an account of the various Lubricants in general use, with a record of various experiments to deduce the laws of Friction and Lubricated Surfaces, etc. By Prof. Robt. H. Thurston. Copiously illustrated. .8vo, cloth, :j 1*1

"It is not too high praise to say that the present treatise is exhaustive and a complete review of the whole subject." — American Engineer.

STATIONARY STEAM-ENGINES.

Especially adapted to Electric Lighting Purposes. Treating of the Development of Steam-engines— the principles of Construction and Economy, with description of Moderate Speed and High Speed En- gines. By Prof. R. H. Thurston 12mo, cloth. 1 30

" This work must prove to be of great interest to both manufacturers and users of steam-engines ." — Builder and Wood-worker.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE STEAM- ENGINE.

By Prof. 11. H. Thurston 12mo, cloth, $0 75

"This small book of forty-eight pages, prepared with the care and pre- cision one would expect from the scholarly Director of the Sibley College of Engineering, contains all the popular information that the general student would want, and at the same time a succinct account covering so much ground.as to be of great value to the specialist."— Public Opinion. A MANUAL OF STEAM BOILERS, THEIR DESIGNS, CON- STRUCTION, AND OPERATION. For Technical Schools and Engineers. By Prof. R. H. Thurston. (183

engravings in text.) Second edition 8vo. cloth, 5 00

"We know of no other treatise on this subject that covers the ground BO thoroughly as this, and it has the further obvious advantage ol being a new end fresh work, based on the most recent data and cognizant of the latest discoveries and devices in steam boiler construction." — Mechanical News. STEAM-BOILER EXPLOSIONS IN THEORY AND IN PRAC- TICE.

Containing Causes of— Preventives— Emergencies— Low Water— Con- sequences—Management— Safety— Incrustation — Experimental In- vestigations, etc., etc., etc. By R. H. Thurston, LL.D., Dr. Eng., Director of Sibley College, Cornell University. With many illus- trations 12mo, cloth, 150

"Prof. Thurston has had exceptional facilities for investigating the Causes of Boiler Explosions, and throughout this work there will be found matter of peculiar interest to practical men.'"— American Machinist.

" It is a work that might well be in the hands of every one having to do with steam boilers, either in design or use." — Engineering News. A HAND BOOK OF ENGINE AND BOILER TRIALS, AND

THE USE OF THE INDICATOR AND THE BRAKE. By R. H. Thurston, Director of Sibley College, Cornell University.

Second edition revised 5 00

"Taken altogether, this book is one which every Engineer will find of value, containing, as it does, much information in regard to Engine and Boiler Trials which has heretofore been available only in the form of scat- tered paper:* in the transactions of engineering societies, pamphlet reports, note-books, etc."— Railroad Gazette. CONVERSION TABLES.

Of the Metric and British, or United States WEIGHTS AND MEAS- URES. With an Introduction by Robt. H. Thurston, A.M., C.E.

8vo, cloth, 1 00

" Mr. Thurston's book is an admirably useful one, and the very difficulty and unfamiliarity of the Metric System renders such a volume as this almost indispensable to Mechanics, Engineers, Students, and in fact all classes of people."— Mechanical News. REFLECTIONS ON THE MOTIVE POWER OF HEAT.

And on Machines fitted to develop that Power. From the original French of N. L. S. Carnot. By Prof. R. H. Thurston — 12mo, cloth, 2 00

From Mons. Haton de la Goupilliere, Director of they Ecole Naiionale Superieure des Mines de France, and President of La Societe <T Encourage- ment pour r Industrie Nntiowile:

" I have received the volume so kindly sent me, which contains the trans- lation of the work of Carnot. You have rendered tribute to the founder of the science of thermodynamics in a manner that will be appreciated by the whole French people." A MANUAL OF THE STEAM ENGINE.

A companion to the Manual of Steam Boilers. By Prof. Robt.

H. Thurston. 2 vols «vo, cloth, 12 00

Part I. HISTORY, STRUCTURE AND THEORY.

For Engineers and Technical Schools. (Advanced courses.) Nearly

900 pages «vo, cloth, 7 50

Part II. DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION.

For Engineers and Technical Schools. (Special courses in Steam

Engineering.) 8vo, cloth, 7 50

TEXT-BOOK OF THE PRIME MOTORS.

For the Senior Year in Schools of Engineering. By Prof. R. H. Thurston. Ready, Fall of '92.

HANDY TABLES,

FROM THURSTON'S STEAM-ENGINE MANUAL

FOR USE IN LABORATORY COMPUTATIONS IN TECHNICAL SCHOOLS.

NUMERICAL, TRIGONOMETRICAL, AND THERMODYNAMIC QUANTITIES; STEAM AND HORSE-POWER TABLES, AND RECORD- FORMS FOR LABORATORY USE

UNIVERSITY

NEW YORK: JOHN WILEY & SONS,

53 EAST TENTH STREET. 1891.

COPYRIGHT, 1891,

BY B. H. THURSTON.

7 5-££ 5"

HANDY TABLES,

FROM THURSTON'S STEAM-ENGINE MANUAL.

PAGE

I. NUMERICAL CONSTANTS; CIRCLES; AREAS; ETC 4

II. LOGARITHMS, COMMON AND NATURAL 17

III. MEAN PRESSURE RATIOS 20

IV. TERMINAL PRESSURES 23

V. HEAT TRANSFER AND TRANSFORMATION 24

VI. COMPARISON OF THERMOMETERS 26

VII. VOLUMES OF WATER; DENSITIES 28

VIII. METRIC STEAM TABLE 29

IX. METRIC STEAM AND WORK TABLE 32

X. STEAM TABLE; BRITISH UNITS 34

XI. STORED ENERGY IN STEAM AND WATER 41

XII. FORMULAS FOR PROPERTIES OF STEAM 43

XIII. FACTORS OF EVAPORATION 45

XIV. COMPOSITION OF FUELS 46

XV. HORSE-POWER CONSTANTS 48

XVI. REAL RATIOS OF EXPANSION 49

XVII. LOGS AND FORMS FOR BLANKS 50

XVIII. ELECTRICAL HORSE-POWER 54

XIX. WATER COMPUTATION TABLE 55

XX. HIRN'S ANALYSIS BLANKS 57

XXI. HEAT AND POWER UTILIZATION; NON-CONDENSING ENGINE 59

HANDY TABLES.

I.

NUMERICAL CONSTANTS.

n	«7T	«•? 4	»'	«3	V»	h
.O	3.142	0.7854	1. 000	I.OOO	.0000	.0000
.1	3.456	0.9503	I. 210	1.331	.0488	.0323
.2	3-770	I.I3IO	1.440	1.728	.0955	.0627
• 3	4.084	1-3273	1.690	2.197	.1402	.0914
•4	4-398	1-5394	1.960	2.744	.1832	.1187
• 5	4.712	1.7672	2.250	3.375	.2247	.1447
.6	5.027	2.OI06	2.560	4.096	.2649	.1696
• 7	5.341	2 . 2698	2.890	4-913	.3038	•I()3S
.8	5.655	2-5447	3.240	5.832	.3416	.2164
•9	5.969	2.8353	3-610	6.859	.3784	.2386
2.0	6.283	3.T4I6	4.000	8.000	.4142	•2599
2.1	6-597	3.4636	4.410	9.261	.4491	.2806
2.2	6.912	3.8013	4.840	10.648	.4832	.3006
2-3	7.226	4.1543	5.290	12.167	.5166	.3200
2.4	7.540	4.5239	5.760	13-824	.5492	.3389
2.?	7.854	4.9087	6.250	15-625	.5811	•3572
2.6	8.168	5.3093	6.760	17-576	.6125	• 3751
2.7	8.482	5.7256	7.290	19.683	.6432	•3925
2.8	8.797	6.1575	7.840	21.952	.6733	.4095
2.9	9.111	6.6052	8.410	24-389	.7029	.4260
3.0	9.425	7.0686	9-00	27.000	.7321	.4422
3-i	9.739	7-5477	9.6l	29.791	• 7607	.4581
3-2	10.053	8.0425	10.24	32.768	.7889	.4736
3-3	10.367	8.5530	10.89	35-937	.8166	.4888
3-4	10.681	9.0792	11.56	39-304	.8439	.5037
3-5	v 10.996	9.6211	12.25	42.875	.8708	.5183
3-6	11.310	10.179	12.96	46.656	.8974	•5326
3-7	11.624	10.752	13.69	50.653	•9235	.5467
3.8	n.938	11.341	14.44	54.872	.9494	-5605
3-9	12.252	11.946	15.21	59-3I9	.9748	•5741
4.0	12.566	12.566	I6.OO	64.000	2.0000	.5874
4.1	12.881	13.203	16.81	68.921	2.O249	.6005
4.2	13.195	13-854	17.64	74.088	2.0494	.6134
4-3	13-509	14.522	18.49	79.507	2.0736	.6261
4.4	13-823	15-205	19.36	85.184	2.0976	.6386
4-5	14.137	15.904	20.25	91-125	2.I2I3	1.6510
4-6	14.451	16.619	21. 16	97.336	2 . 1448	1.6631
4-7	14-765	17-349	22.09	103.823	2.1680	i 6751

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	MT	""*	«*	»'	¥1	fc
4-8	15.080	18.096	23.04	110.592	2.1909	.6869
4.9	15-394	18.857	24.01	117.649	2.2136	.6985
5-0	15-708	19-635	25.00	125.000	2.2361	.7100
5-i	16.022	20.428	26.01	132.651	2.2583	.7213
5.2	16.336	21.237	27.04	140.608	2.2804	.7325
5-3	16.650	22.062	28.09	148.877	2.3022	.7435
5-4	16.965	22.902	29.16	157.464	2.3238	•7544
5-5	17.279	23.758	30.25	166.375	2.3452	.7652
5-6	17.593	24.630	31-36	175-616	2.3664	.7758
5-7	17.907	25-518	32-49	185.193	2-3875	.7863
5-8	18.221	26.421	33-64	195-112	2.4083	•7967
5-9	18.535	27-340	34.81	205.379	2.4290	.8070
6.0	18.850	28.274	36.00	216.000	2.4495	.8171
6.1	19.164	29.225	37.21	226.981	2.4698	.8272
6.2	19.478	30.191	38.44	238.328	2.4900	-8371
6.3	19.792	3I-I73	39-69	250.047	2.5100	.8469
6.4	20.106	32.170	40.96	262 . 144	2.5298	.8566
6.5	20.420	33-183	42.25	274.625	2-5495	.8663
6.6 6.7	20.735 21.049	34.212 35.257	43-56 44-89	287.496 300.763	2.5691. 2.5884	.8758 .8852
6.8	21.363	36-317	46.24	314.432	2.6077	• 8945
6.9	21.677	37-393	47.61	328.509	2.6268	.9038
7.0	21.991	38-485	49-00	343.000	2.6458	.9129
7.1	22.305	39-592	50.41	357.9"	2.6646	.9220
7.2	22.619	40.715	51.84	373-248	2.6833	.9310
7.3	22.934	41.854	53.29	389-017	2.7019	•9399
7-4	23.248	43.008	54.76	405.224	2.7203	.9487
7-5	23.562	44.179	56.25	421.875	2.7386	• 9574
7.6	23.876	45.365	57.76	438.976	2.7568	.9661
7-7	24.190	46.566	59-29	456.533	2-7749	• 9747
7-8	24.504	47.784	60.84	474-552	2.7929	.9832
7-9	24.819	49.017	62.41	493.039	2.8107	.9916
8.0	25.133	50.266	64.00	512.000	2.8284	2.0000
8.1	25.447	51.530	65.61	53L44I	2.8461	2.0083
8.2	25.761	52.810	67.24	55L468	2.8636	2.0165
8.3	26.075	54.106	68.89	57L787	2.8810	2.0247
8-4	26.389	55.418	70.56	592 . 704	2.8983	2.0328
8-5	26.704	56.745	72.25	614.125	2.9155	2.0408
8.6	27.018	58.088	73.96	636.056	2.9326	2.0488
8-7	27-332	59-447	75.69	658.503	2.9496 '	2.0567
8.8	27.646	60.821	77-44	681.473	2.9665	2.0646
8.9	27.960	62.211	79.21	704.969	2.9833	2.0724

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	tilt	*»? 4	»»	«3	V*	s *'«
9 °	28.274	63.617	Sl.OO	729.000	3.0000	2.0801
Q.I	28.588	65.039	82.81	753-571	3.0166	2.0878
9.2	28.903	66.476	84.64	778.688	3.0332	2.0954
9-3	29.217	67.929	86.49	804.357	3.0496	2.1029
9-4	29.531	69.398	88.36	830.584	3.0659	2.1105
9-5	29.845	70.882	90.25	857.375	3.0822	2.1179
9.6	30.159	72.382	92.16	884.736	3.0984	2.1253
9-7	30.473	73.898	94.09	912.673	3.1145	2.1327
9.8	30.788	75.430	96.04	941.192	3.1305	2.1400
9-9	31.102	76.977	98.01	970.299	3.1464	2.1472
10. 0	31. 4r6	78.540	IOO . OO	1000.000	3.1623	2.1544
10. 1	31.730	So.Iig	102.01	1030.301	3.1780	2.1616
re. 2	32.044	81.713	104.04	1061.208	3.1937	2.1687
10.3	32.358	83.323	106.09	1092.727	3.2094	2.1757
10.4	32.673	84.949	108.16	1124.863	3-2249	2.1828
10.5	32.987	86 . 590	110.25	1157.625	3.2404	2.1897
10.6	33.301	88.247	112.36	1191.016	3-2558	2.1967
10.7	33.615	89.920	114.49	1225.043	3.2711	2 . 2036
10.8	33.929	91.609	116.64	1259.712	3.2863	2.2IO4
10.9	34-243	93.313	118.81	1295.029	3.3015	2.2172
II. 0	34-558	95.033	121.00	1331.000	3.3166	2.2239
li. i	34.872	96.769	123.21	1367.631	3.3317	2.2307
II. 2	35-186	98.520	125.44	1404.928	3.3466	2.2374
II- 3	35 • 500	100.29	127.69	1442.897	3.3615	2.2441
11.4	35.814	102.07	129.96	1481.544	3.3764	2.25O6
ii. 5	36.128	103.87	132.25	1520.875	3-39*2	2.2572
11. 6	36.442	105.68	134.56	1560.896	3-4059	2.2637
II- 7	36.757	107.51	136.89	1601.613	3.4205	2.27O2
II. 8	37.071	109.36	139.24	1643.032	3.4351	2.2766
11.9	37.385	III. 22	141.61	1685.159	3.4496	2.2831
12.0	37.699	II3.IO	144.00	1728.000	3.4641	2.2894
12. 1	38.013	114.99	146.41	1771.561	3.4785	2.2957
12.2	38.327	116.90	148.84	1815.848	3.4928	2.3021
12.3	38.642	II8.82	151.29	1860.867	3.5071	2.3084
12.4	38.956	120.76	153.76	1906.624	3.5214	2.3146
12.5	39-270	122.72	156.25	1953.125	3-5355	2.3208
12.6	39-584	124.69	158.76	2000.376	3.5496	2.3270
12.7	39-898	126.68	161.29	2048.383	3.5637	2-3331
12.8	40.212	128.68	163.84	2097.152	3-5777	2.3392
12.9	40.527	130.70	166.41	2146.689	3.5917	2-3453
13.0	40.841	132.73	169.00	2197.000	3.6056	2.3513
13.1	4LI55	134.78	171.61	2248.091	3-6194	2-3573
13.2	41.469	136.85	174.24	2299.968	3.6332	2.3633

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

*	MT	*** 4	»»	*'	V~n	fa
13 3	4L783	138.93	176.89	2352.637	3-6469	2.3693
13-4	42.097	I4L03	179.56	2406.104	3.6606	2-3752
13-5	42.412	143.14	182.25	2460.375	3.6742	2.3811
13-6	42.726	145.27	184.0	2515.456	3.6878	2.3870
13-7	43.040	147.41	187.69	257L353	3.7013	2.3928
13-8	43-?54	149-57	190.44	2628.072	3.7148	2 . 3986
13.9	43.668	I5L75	193.21	2685.619	3.7283	2.4044
14.0	43.982	153.94	196.00	2744.000	3.7417	2.4IOI
14.1	44.296	156.15	I98.8I	2803.221	3.7550	2.4I59-
14.2	44-611	158.37	201.64	2863.288	3.7683	2.4216
14-3 14.4	44-925 45.239	160.61 162.86	204.49 2O7.36	2924.207 2985.984	3-7*15 3-7947	2.4272 2.4329
14-5	45-553	165.13	210.25	3048.625	3.8079	2.4385
14.6	45.867	167.42	2I3.I6	3II2.I36	3.8210	2.4441
14.7	46.181	169.72	216.09	3176.523	3.8341	2.4497
14.8	46.496	172.03	219.04	3241.792	3.8471	2.4552
14.9	46.810	174-37	222.01	3307.949	3.8600	2.4607
15-0	47.124	176.72	225.00	3375.000	3-8730	2.4662
I5-I	47.438	179-08	228.01	3442.951	3.8859	2.4717
15.2	47-752	181.46	231.04	35H.8o8	3.8987	2.4772
15-3	48.066	183.85	234.09	3581.577	3-9IJ5	2.4825
15-4	48.381	186.27	237.16	3652.264	3.9243	2.4879
15.5	48.695	188.69	240.25	3723.875	3.9370	2.4933
15.6	49.009	191.13	243.36	3796.416	3.9497	2.4986
15-7	49.323	193.59	246.49	3869.893	3-9623	2 • 5039
15-8	49'637	196.07	249.64	3944.312	3-9749	2.5092
15-9	49-951	198.56	252.81	4019.679	3.9875	2.5146
16.0	50.265	201.06	256.00	4096.000	4.0000	2.5198
16.1	50.580	203.58	259-21	4173.281	4-0125	2.5251
16.2	50.894	206.12	262.44	425L528	4.0249	2.5303
16.3	51.208	208.67	265.69	4330-747	4.0373	2.5355
16.4	51-522	211.24	268.96	4410.944	4.0497	2.5406
16.5	51.836	213.83	272.25	4492.125	4.0620	2.5458
16.6	52.150	216.42	275.56	4574.296	4-0743	2.5509
16.7	52.465	219.04	278.89	4657.463	4.0866	2.5561
16.8	52.779	221.67	282.24	4741.632	4.0988	2.5612
16.9	53.093	224.32	285.61	4826.809	4.1110	2.5663
17.0	53.407	226 98	289.00	49I3.000	4.1231	2.5713
17.1	53.721	229.66	292.41	5000.211	4.1352	2.5763
17.2	54.035	132.35	295.84	5088.448	4.M73	2.5813
17-3	54.350	235-06	299.29	5177.717	4-1593	2.5863
17.4	54-664	237.79	302.76	5268.024	4-I7I3	2.59J3

8

HANDY TABLES, CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	Wir	**4	*«	««	v;	fc
17-5	54-978	240.53	306.25	5359-375	4.1833	2.5963
17-6	55.292	243.29	309.76	545L776	4.1952	2.6012
17.7	55.606	246.06	313.29	5545.233	4.2071	2.6061
17.8	55.920	248.85	316.84	5639.752	4.2190	2.6109
17.9	56.235	251.65	320.41	5735-339	4.2308	2.6158
18.0	56.549	254-47	324.00	5832.000	4.2426	2.6207
18.1	56.863	257.30	327-61	5929.741	4-2544	2.6256
18.2	57.177	260.16	331.24	6028.568	4.2661	2.6304
18.3	57.491	263.02	334.89	6128.487	4.2778	2.6352
18.4	57.805	265.90	338.56	6229.504	4.2895	2.6401
18.5	58.119	268.80	342.25	6331.625	4.3012	2.6448
18.6	58.434	271.72	345.96	6434.856	4.3128	2.6495
18.7	58.748	274.65	349.69	6539.203	4.3243	2-6543
18.8	59.062	277-59	353-44	6644 . 672	4.3359	2.6590
18.9	59.376	280.55	357-21	6751.269	4.3474	2.6637
19.0	59-690	283.53	361.00	6859.000	4-3589	2.6684
19-1	60.004	286.52	364.81	6967.871	4.3703	2.6731
19.2	60.319	289.53	368.64	7077.888	4.3818	2.6777
19-3	60.633	292.55	372.49	7189.057	4-3932	2.6824
19.4	60.947	295.59	376.36	730L384	4.4045	2.6869
19-5	6l.26l	298.65	380.25	74I4.875	4-4159	2.6916
19.6	61.575	301.72	384-16	7529.536	4.4272	2 . 6962
19-7	61.889	304.81	388.09	7645.373	4.4385	2.7008
19.8	62 . 204	307.91	392-04	7762.392	4.4497	2.7053
19-9	62.518	3H.03	396.01	7880.599	4.4609	2.7098
20.0	62.832	314.16	400.00	SOOO.OOO	4.4721	2.7144
20.1	63.146	317.31	404.01	8120.601	4.4833	2.7189
20.2	63.460	320.47	408.04	8242.408	4.4944	2.7234
20.3	63.774	323 . 66	412.09	8365.427	4-5055	2.7279
20.4	64.088	326 85	416.16	8489.664	4-5166	2.7324
20.5	64.403	330.06	420.25	8615.125	4.5277	2.7368
20.6	64.717	333-29	424.36	874I.8I6	4.5387	2.7413
20.7	65.031	336.54	428.49	8869.743	4-5497	2-7457
20.8	65.345	339-8o	432.64	8989.912	4-5607	2.7502
20.9	05.659	343.07	436.81	9129.329	4.57I6	2-7545
21. 0	65.973	346.36	441.00	926I.OOO	4.5826	2.7589
21. 1	66.288	349.67	445.21	9393.931	4-5935	2.7633
21.2	66.602	352-99	449.44	9528.128	4.6043	2.7676
21.3	66.916	356.33	453.69	9663.597	4.6152	2.7720
21.4	67.230	359-68	457-96	9800.344	4.6260	2.7763
21.5	67.544	363-05	462.25	9938.375	4.6368	2 . 7806
21.6	67.858	366.44	466.56	10077.696	4.6476	2.7849
21.7	68.173	369-84	470.89	I02I8.3I3	4-6583	2 . 7893

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	nit	*'J	«*	«»	*n	fc
21.8	68.487	373-25	475-24	10360.232	4.6690	2.7935
21.9	68.801	376.69	479.61	10503.459	4.6797	2.7978
22.0	69.115	380.13	484.00	10648.000	4-6904	2 . 8021
22.1	69.429	383.60	488.41	10793.861	4.70H	2.8063
22.2	69.743	387.08	492.84	10941.048	4.7II7	2.8105
22-3	70.058	390.57	497.29	11089.567	4.7223	2.8147
22.4	70.372	394.08	501.76	11239.424	4.7329	2.8189
22.5	70.686	397-61	506.25	11390.625	4.7434	2.8231
22.6	71.000	401.15	510.76	11543.176	4.7539	2.8273
22.7	71.314	404-71	515-29	11697.083	4.7644	2.8314
22.8	71.268	408.28	519.84	11852.352	4-7749	2.8356
22.9	71.942	411.87	524.41	12008.989	4.7854	2.8397
23-0	72.257	415.48	529-00	12167.000	4.7958	2.8438
23.1	72.571	419. 10	533-6i	12326.391	4.8062	2 • 8479
23.2	72.885	422.73	538.24	12487.168	4.8166	2.8521
23-3	73.199	426.39	542.89	12649.337	4.8270	2.8562
23-4	73.513	430.05	547.56	12812.904	4-8373	2.8603
23-5	73.827	433-74	552.25	12977.875	4.8477	2.8643
23-6	74.142	437-44	556.96	13144.256	4.8580	2.8684
23-7	74.456	44LI5	561.69	13312.053	4.8683	2.8724
23-8	74-770	444.88	566.44	13481.272	4.8785	2.8765
23-9	75.084	448.63	571.21	13651.919	4.8888	2.8805
24.0	75.398	452-39	576-00	13824.000	4.8990	2.8845
24.1	75.712	456.17	580.81	13997.521	4.9092	2.8885
24.2	76.027	459.96	585.64	14172.488	4-9I93	2.8925
24-3	76.341	463.77	590.49	14348.907	4.9295	2.8965
24.4	76.655	467.60	595.36	14526.784	4.9396	2.9004
24-5	76.969	471.44	600.25	14706.125	4-9497	2.Q044
24.6	77.283	475.29	605.16	14886.936	4.9598	2-9083
24.7	77-597	479.16	610.09	15069.223	4-9699	2.9123
24.8	77-9"	483-05	615.04	15252.992	4-9799	2.9162
24.9	78.226	486.96	620.01	15438.249	4.9899	2.92OI
25.0	78.540	490.87	625.00	15625.000	5.0000	2.9241
25.1	78.854	494.81	630.01	15813.251	5-0099	2.9279
25.2	79.168	498.76	635.04	16003.008	5-0199	2.9318
25-3	79.482	502.73	640.09	16194.277	5-0299	2.9356
25-4	79.796	506.71	645.16	16387.064	5-0398	2-9395
25-5	80. in	510.71	650.25	16581.375	5.0497	2.9434
25-6	80.425	5I4.72	655-36	16777.216	5.0596	2.9472
25-7	80.739	518.75	660.49	16974.593	5.0695	2.9510
25-8	81.053	522.79	665.64	I7I73-512	5-0793	2-9549
25-9	81.367	526.85	670.81	17373-979	5.0892	2.9586

10

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	nit	*'!	it*	«»	*«	h
26.0	8 1. 68 1	530.93	676.00	17576.000	5.0990	2 . 9624
26.1	81.996	535-02	681.21	17779-581	5.1088	2.9662
26.2	82.310	539-13	686.44	17984.728	5-1185	2.9701
26.3	82.624	543.25	691.69	18191.447	5.1283	2.9738
26.4	82.938	547-39	696.96	18399.744	5.1380	2.9776
26.5	83.252	55L55	702.25	18609.625	5.1478	2.9814
26.6	83.566	555.72	707.56	18821.096	5-1575	2.9851
26.7	83.881	559.90	712.89	19034-163	5.1672	2.9888
26.8	84.195	564.10	718.24	19248.832	f.i768	2 . 9926
26.9	84.509	568.32	723.61	19465.109	5.1865	2.9963-
27.0	84.823	572.56	729.00	19683.000	5.1962	3.0000
27.1	85-I37	576.8o	734.41	19902.511	5-2057	3-0037
27.2	85-451	581.07	739-84	20123.648	5.2153	3.0074
27-3	85.765	585.35	745.29	20346.417	5.2249	3.0III
27.4	86.080	589.65	750.76	20570.824	5-2345	3-0147
27-5	86.394	593 • 96	756.25	20796.875	5.2440	3.0184
27.6	86.708	598.29	761.76	21024.576	5-2535	3-0221
27-7	87.022	602 . 63	767.29	21253.933	5-2630	3-0257
27.8	87-336	606.99	772.84	21484.952	5-2725	3.0293
27.9	87.650	611.36	778.41	21717.639	5.2820	3.0330
28.0	87.965	615.75	784.00	21952.000	5-2915	3.0366
28.1	88.279	620.16	789.61	22188.041	5-3009	3 • 0402
28.2	88.593	624.58	795-24	2242;.. 768	5-3103	3-0438
28.3	88.907	629.02	800.89	22 65.187	5.3197	3-0474
28.4	89.221	633.47	806.56	22906.304	5.3291	3-0510
28.5	89.535	637.94	812.25	23149.125	5.3385	3.0546
28.6	89.850	642 . 42	817.96	23393.656	5.3478	3-0581
28.7	90. 164	646.93	823.69	23639.903	5-3572	3-0617
28.8	90.478	651.44	829.44	23887.872	5-3665	3-0652
28.9	90.792	655.97	835.21	24137.569	5.3758	3.0688
29.0	91.106*	660.52	841.00	24389.000	5.3852	3-0723
29.1	91.420	665.08	846.81	24642.171	5-3944	3.0758
29.2	91-735	669.66	852.64	24897.088	5-4037	3-0794
29-3	92.049	674.26	858.49	25153.757	5.4129	3.0829
29.4	92.363	678.87	864.36	25412.184	5-4221	3.0864
29 5	92.677	683.49	870.25	25672.375	5.4313	3.0899
29.6	92.991	688.13	876.16	25934.336	5.4405	3.0934
29.7	93.305	692 . 79	882.09	26198.073	5-4497	3.0968
29.8	93-619	697.47	888.04	26463.592	5-4589	3.1003
29.9	93-934	702.15	894.01	26730.899	5.4680	3-1038
30.0	94.248	706.86	900.00	27000.000	5.4772	3.1072
30.1	94-562	711.58	906.01	27270.901	5.4863	3-1107
30.2	94.876	716.32	912.04	27543.608	5-4954	3.1141

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

II

•	nit	"'I	»a	n*	*n	fc
30.3	95.190	721.07	918.09	278 r8. i 27	5 • 5045	3.1176
30.4	95 • 505	725-83	924.16	28094.464	5.5136	3.1210
30.5	95.819	730.62	930.25	28372.625	5.5226	3-1244
30.6	96.133	735-42	936.36	28652.616	5.5317	3.1278
30.7	96.447	740.23	942.49	28934.443	5.5407	3.1312
30.8	96.761	745.06	948.64	29218.112	5.5497	3-1346
30.9	97-075	749.91	954.81	29503.629	5.5587	3.1380
31.0	97.339	754-77	961.00	29701.000	5-5678	3.I4I4
3I-I	97.704	759.65	967.21	30080.231	5.5767	3.1448
31-2	98.018	764-54	973-44	30371.328	5-5857	3-1481
31-3	98.332	769.45	979-69	30664.297	5-5946	3-I5I5
31-4	98.646	774-37	985.96	30959.144	5-6035	3.1548
31-5	98.960	779.31	992.25	31255-875	5.6124	3.1582
31.6	99-274	784.27	998-56	31554.496	5.6213	3.1615
31-7	99.588	789.24	1004.89	31855.013	5.6302	3 . 1648
31.8	99.903	794-23	1011.24	32157.432	5-6391	3.1681
31-9	100.22	799-23	1017.61	32461.759	5.6480	3.I7I5
32.0	100.53	804.25	1024.00	32768.000	5-6569	3.1748
32.1	100.85	809.28	1030.41	33076.161	5.6656	3.1781
32.2	101.16	8i4.33	1036.84	33386.248	5-6745	3-1814
32.3	101.47	819.40	1043.29	33698.267	5-6833	3-J847
32.4	101.79	824.48	1049.76	34012.224	5-6921	3.1880
32.5	102.10	829.58	1056.25	34328.125	5-7008	3-i9J3
32.6	102.42	834-69	1062.76	34645.976	5-7096	3-1945
32.7	102-73	839.82	1069.29	34965 - 783	5.7i83	3.I978
32.8	103.04	844-96	1075.84	35287.552	5.7271	3.2010
32.9	103.36	850.12	1082.41	35611.289	5.7358	3.2043
33-0	103.67	855.30	1089.00	35937.000	5.7446	3.2075
33-1	103.99	860.49	1095.61	36264.691	5.7532	3.2108
33-2	104.30	865.70	1102.24	36594.368	5.7619	3.2140
33-3	IO4.62	870.92	1108.89	36926.037	5.7706	3.2172
33-4	104.93	876.16	1115.56	37259.704	5.7792	3 . 2204
33-5	105.24	881.41	1122.25	37595.375	5.7879	3-2237
33-6	105.56	886.68	1128.96	37933.056	5.7965	3.2269
33-7	105.87	891.97	"35-69	38272.753	5-8051	3.2301
33-8	106.19	897-27	1142.44	38614.472	5.8137	3-2332
33-9	106.50	902.59	1149.21	38958.219	5.8223	3-2364
34-0	106.81	907.92	1156.00	39304.000	5.8310	3-2396
34-i	107.13	913.27	1162.81	39651.821	5.8395	3-2428
34-2	107.44	918.63	1169.64	40001.688	5 . 8480	3.2460
34-3	107.76	924.01	1176.49	40353-607	5.8566	3-2491
34-4	108.07	929.41	1183.36	40707.584	5.8651	3-2522

12

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	nir	«*? 4	«»	n>	v»	fa
34.5	108.38	934.82	1190.25	41063.625	5-8736	3-2554
34-6	108.70	940.25	1197.16	41421.736	5.8821	3.2586
34-7	IOQ.OI	945.69	1204.09	41781.923	5.8906	3-2617
34-8	109.33	951.15	1211.04	42144.192	5.8991	3 . 2648
34-9	109.64	956.62	I2I8.0I	42508.549	5.9076	3.2679
35-0	109.96	962.11	1225.00	42875.000	5.9161	3.2710
35-1	110.27	967.62	I232.OI	43243.551	5.9245	3.2742
35-2	110.58	973.14	1239.04	43614.208	5.9329	3-2/73
35-3	IlO.gO	978.68	1246.09	43986.977	5.9413	3.2804
35-4	III. 21	984.23	1253.16	44361.864	5 • 9497	3-2835
35-5	"I- 53	989.80	1260.25	44738.875	5.9581	3.2866
35-6	111.84	995.38	1267.36	45118.016	5-9665	3.2897
35-7	112.15	1000.98	1274.49	45499.293	5-9749	3.2927
35-8	112.47	1006 . 60	1281.64	45882.712	5.9833	3-2958
35-9	112.78	1012.23	I288.8I	46268.279	5.9916	3.2989
36.0	113.10	1017.88	1296.00	46656.000	6.0000	3.3019
36.1	113.41	1023.54	1303.21	47045.881	6.0083	3-3050
36.2	113-73	1029.22	1310.44	47437.928	6.0166	3-3080
36.3	114.04	1034.91	1317.69	47832.147 -	6.0249	3.3HI
36.4	H4.35	1040.62	1324.96	48228.544	6.0332	3.3I4I
39-5	114.67	1046.35	1332.25	48627.125	6.0415	3.3I7I
•?6.6	114.98	1052.09	1339.56	49027.896	6.0497	3 • 3202
36 7	II5-30	1057.84	1346.89	49430.863	6.0580	3-3232
36.8	115.61	1063.62	1354.24	49836.032	6.0663	3-3262
36.9	H5.92	1069.41	1361.61	50243.409	6.0745	3.3292
37-o	116.24	1075-21	1369.00	50653.000	6.0827	3.3322
37-1	II6-55	1081.03	1376.41	51064.811	6 . 0909	3-3352
37-2	116.87	1086.87	1383.84	51478.848	6.0991	3.3382
37-3	117.18	1092 . 72	1391.29	51895.117	6.1073	3-3412
37-4	117.50	1098.58	1398.76	52313.624	6.1155	3.3442
37-5	117.81	1104.47	1406.25	52734.375	6.1237	3-3472
37-6	118.12	III0.36	1413.76	53I57-376	6.1318	3.3501
37-7	118.44	III6.28	1421.29	53582.633	6 . 1400	3-3531
37-8	H8..75	1122.21	1428.84	54010.152	6.1481	3.3561
37-9	119.07	1128.15	1436.41	54439-939	6.1563	3-3590
38.0	119.38	II34."	1444.00	54872.000	6.1644	3.3620
38.1	119.69	1140.09	I45I.6I	55306.341	6.1725	3.3649
38.2	120.01	1146.08	1459.24	55742.968	6.1806	3.3679
38.3	120.32	1152.09	1466.89	56181.887	6.1887	3.3708
38-4	I2O.64	1158.12	1474.56	56623.104	6.1967	3-3737
38.5	120.95	1164.16	1482.25	57066.625	6.2048	3.3767
38.6	121.27	1170.21	1489.96	57512.456	6.2129	3-3796
38-7	121.58	1176.28	1497.69	57960.603	6.2209	3-3825

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS— Continued.

*	•r	««? 4	«'	ft*	«Q	fc
38.8	121.89	1182.37	1505.44	58411.072	6.2289	3.3854
38.9	122.21	1188.47	1513.21	58863.869	6.2370	3-3883
39-o	122.52	1194-59	1521.00	59319.000	6.2450	3.3912
39-1	122.84	1200.72	I528.8I	59776.471	6.2530	3-3941
39-2	123.15	1206.87	1536.64	60236.288	6.2610	3.3970
39-3	123.46	1213.04	1544-49	60698.457	6.2689	3-3999
39-4	123.78	1219.22	1552.36	61162.984	6.2769	3.4028
39-5	124.09	1225.42	1560.25	61629.875	6.2849	3.4056
39-6	124.41	1231.63	1568.16	62099.136	6.2928	3-4085
39-7	124.72	1237.86	1576.09	62570.773	6.3008	3.4II4
39-8	125.04	I244.IO	I584.04	63044.792	6.3087	3.4142
39-9	125-35	1250.36	1592.01	63521.199	6.3166	3.4I7I
40.0	125.66	1256.64	I600.00	64000.000	6.3245	3-4200
40.1	125.98	1262.93	1608. oi	64481.201	6.3325	3-4228
40.2	126.29	1269.23	I6l6.04	64964 . 808	6.3404	3-4256
40-3	I26.6I	1275.56	1624.09	65450.827	6.3482	3-4285
40.4	126.92	1281.90	I632.I6	65939.264	6.3561	3.4313
40.5	127.23	1288.25	1640.25	66430.125	6.3639	3-4341
40.6	127.55	1294.62	1648.36	66923.416	6.3718	3.4370
40.7	127.86	I3OI.OO	1656.49	67419.143	6.3796	3.4398
40.8	I28.I8	1307.41	1664.64	67911.312	6.3875	3-4426
40.9	128.49	1313.82	1672.81	68417.929	6.3953	3-4454
41.0	I28.8I	1320.25	1681.00	68921.000	6.4031	3.4482
41.1	129.12	1326.70	1689.21	69426.531	6.4109	3.4510
41.2	129.43	1333.17	1697.44	69934.528	6.4187	3-4538
4L3	129.75	1339.65	1705.69	70444.997	6.4265	3.4566
41.4	130.06	1346.14	1713.96	70957.944	6-4343	3-4594
41-5	130.38	1352.65	1722.25	71473.375	6.4421	3-4622
41.6	130.69	I359.I8	1730.56	71991.296	6.4498	3.4650
41.7	131.00	1365.72	1738.89	72511.713	6.4575	3-4677
41.8	I3L32	1372.28	1747.24	73034.632	6.4653	3.4705
41.9	131.63	1378.85	I755.6I	73560.059	6.4730	3-4733
42.0	I3L95	1385.44	1764.00	74088.000	6.4807	3.4760
42.1	132.26	1392.05	1772.41	74618.461	6.4884	3.4788
42.2	132.58	1398.67	1780.84	75151-448	6.4961	3.4815
42-3	132.89	1405.31	1789.29	75686.967	6.5038	3-4843
42.4	133-20	1411.96	1797.76	76225.024	6.5115	3.4870
42.5 42.6	133-52 133.83	1418.63 1425.31	1806.25 1814.76	76765.625 77308.776	6.5192 6.5268	3.4898 3.4925
42.7	134.15	1432.01	1823.29	77854.483	6-5345	3.4952
42.8	134.46	1438.72	1831.84	78402.752	6.5422	3.4080
42.9	134-77	1445-45	1840.41	78953. 5*9	6.5498	3-5007

HANDY TABLES.

CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	nit	"'4	«»	«3	¥m	h
43-0	I35-09	1452.20	1849.00	79507.000	6-5574	3 • 5034
43-i	135-40	1458.96	1857.61	80062.991	6.5651	3.5061
43-2	135.72	1465.74	1866.24	80621.568	6.5727	3.5088
43-3	136.03	1472.54	1874.89	8ll82.737	6.5803	3.5H5
43-4	136.35	1479-34	1883.56	81746.504	6.5879	3-5H2
43-5	136.66	1486.17	1892.25	82312.875	6-5954	3.5i69
43-6	136.97	1493.01	1900.96	82881.856	6.6030	3.5*96
43-7	137.29	1499.87	1909.69	83453.453	6.6rc6	3-5223
43-8	137.60	1506.74	1918.44	84027.672	6.6182	3.5250 ;
43-9	137.92	1513.63	1927.21	84604.519	6.6257	3.5277
44.0	138.23	1520.53	1936.00	85I84.OOO	6.6333	3.5303
44.1	138.54	1527.45	I944.8I	85766.121	6 . 6408	3-5330
44.2	138.86	1534-39	1953.64	86350.888	6.6483	3-5357
44-3	I39.I7	I54L34	1962.49	86938.307	6.6558	3.5384
44-4	139-49	1548.30	1971.36	87528.384	6.6633	3-54*0
44-5	I39.80	1555.28	1980.25	88I2I.I25	6.6708	3-5437
44.6	140.12	1562.28	1989.16	88716.536	6.6783	3-5463
44-7	140.43	1569.30	1998.09	89314.623	6.6858	3 • 549°
44.8	140.74	1576.33	2007.04	89915.392	6.6933	3.55I6
44-9	141 . 06	1583.37	2OI6.OI	90518.849	6.7007	3-5543
45-0	I4L37	1590.43	2025.00	91125.000	6.7082	3. .5569
45-1	141.69	I597.5I	2O34.OI	91733.851	6.7156	3-5595
45-2	142.00	1604.60	2043.04	92345.408	6.7231	3-5621
45-3	142.31	I6II.7I	2O52.O9	92959.677	6.7305	3-5648
45-4	142.63	1618.83	2061 . 16	93576.664	6-7379	3-5674
45-5	142.94	1625.97	2070.25	94196.375	6-7454	3-5700
45-6	143.26	1633.13	2079.36	948l8.8l6	6.7528	3-5726
45-7	143-57	1640.30	2088.49	95443-993	6 . 7602	3-5752
45-8	143.88	1647.48	2097 . 64	96071.912	6.7676	3-5778
45-9	144.20	1654.68	2106.81	96702.579	6-7749	3-5805 .
46.0	144.51	1661.90	2116.00	97336.000	6.7823	3-5830
46.1	144.83	1669.14	2125.21	97972.181	6.7897	3-5856
46.2	145.14	1676.39	2134.44	986II.I28	6.7971	3-5882
46-3	145.46	1683.65	2143-69	99252.847	6.8044	3.5908
46.4	145.77	1690.93	2152.96	99897.344	6.8117	3-5934
46.5	146.08	1698.23	2162.25	100544.625	6.8191	3.5960
46.6	146.40	I705.54	2171.56	101194.696	6.8264	3-5986
46.7	146.71	1712.87	2180.89	101847.563	6.8337	3.6011
46.8	147.03	1720.21	2190.24	102503.232	6.8410	3-6037
46.9	147-34	1727.57	2199.61	I03I6I.709	6.8484	3.6063
47.0	I47.65	1734.94	2209.00	103823.000	6.8556	3.6088
47-1	147-97	1742.34	2218.41	IO4487.III	6.8629	3-6114
47.2	148.28	1749.74	2227.84	105154.048 1 6.8702	3-6139

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	nit	"'4	•>	«»	v«	Vn
47-3	148.60	I757.I6	2237.29	105823.817	6-8775	3-6165
47-4	148.91	1764.60	2246.76	106496 . 424	6.8847	3-6190
47-5	149-23	1772.05	2256.25	107171.875	6.8920	3.6216
47-6	149-54	1779-52	2265.76	107850.176	6.8993	3.6241
47-7	149.85	1787.01	2275.29	108531.333	6.9065	3-6267
47.8	150.17	1794.51	2284.84	109215.352	6.9137	3.6292
47 9	150.48	1802.03	2294.41	109902.239	6.9209	3.63I7
48.0	150.80	1809.56	2304.00	110592.000	6.9282	3-6342
48.1	151.11	1817.11	2313.61	111284.641	6-9354	3-6368
48.2	151.42	1824.67	2323-24	111980.168	6.9426	3-6393
48.3	I5I-74	1832.25	2332.89	112678.587	6.9498	3.6418
48-4	152.05	1839.84	2342.56	"3379.904	6.9570	3.6443
48-5	152.37	1847-45	2352.25	114084.125	6 . 9642	3 . 6468
48.6	152.68	1855.08	2361.96	114791.256	6.9714	3.6493
48.7	153-°°	1862.72	2371.69	115501.303	6.9785	3-6518
48.8	I53.3I	1870.38	2381.44	116214.272	6.9857	3.6543
48-9	153.62	1878.05	2391.21	116930.169	6.9928	3-6568
49.0	153-94	1885.74	2401.00	117649.000	7.0000	3-6593
49.1	154.25	1893.45	2410.81	118370.771	7.0071	3.6618
49-2	154-57	1901.17	2420.64	119095.488	7-0143	3-6643
49-3	154-88	1908.90	2430.49	119823.157	7.0214	3.6668
49.4	I55-I9	1916.65	2440.36	120553.784	7.0285	3.6692
49-5	155-51	1924.42	2450.25	121287.375	7-0356	3-6717
t* 49.6	155.82	1932.21	2460.16	122023.936	7.0427	3-6742
49-7	156.14	1940.00	2470.09	122763.473	7 . 0498	3-6/67
49-8	156.45	1947.82	2480.04	123505.992	7.0569	3-6791
49-9	156.77	1955.65	2490.01	124251.499	7.0640	3.6816
50.0	157-08	1963.50	2500.00	125000.000	7.0711	3.6840
51-0	160.22	2042 . 82	2601.00	132651.000	7.1414	3.7084
52.0	163.36	2123.72	2704.00	140608.000	7.2111	3.7325
53-0	166.50	2206.19	2809.00	148877:000	7.2801	3-7563
54-0	169.64	2290.22	2916.00	157464.000	7.3485	3.7798
55-0	172.78	2375.83	3025.00	166375.000	7.4162	3 • 8030
56.0	175 93	2463.01	3136.00	175616.000	7.4833	3-8259
57-o	179.07	2551.76	3249-00	185193.000	7.5498	3.8485
58.0	182.21	2642.08	3364.00	195112.000	7-6158	3.8709
59-0	185.35	2733- ~7	3481.00	205379.000	7.6811	3.8930
60.0	188.49	2827.44	3600.00	216000.000	7.7460	3-9M9
61.0	191.63	2922.47	3721.00	226981.000	7.8102	3.9365
62.0	194-77	3019.07	3844-00	238328.000	7.8740	3-9579
63.0	197.92	3II7-25	3969.00	250047.000	7.9373	3-9791
64.0	201.06	3216.99	4096.00	262144.000	8.0000	4.0000
65-0	204.20	3318.31	4225.00	274625.000	8.0623	4.0207
66.0	207.34	3421.20	4356.00	287496.000	8.1240	4-0412

i6

HANDY TABLES. CONSTANTS — Continued.

n	nit	** 4	«"	«3	Vn	fa
67.0	210.48	3525.66	4489.00	300763.000	8.1854	4-0615
68.0	213.63	3631.69	4624.00	314432.000	8.2462	4.0817
69.0	216.77	3739-29	4761.00	328509.000	8.3066	4.1016
70.0	219.91	3848.46	4900.00	343000.000	8.3666	4.1213
71.0	223.05	3959-20	5041.00	357911.000	8.4261	4.1408
72.0	226.19	4071.51	5184.00	373248.000	8.4853	4 . 1602
73-o	229.33	4185.39	5329.00	389017.000	8.5440	4-1793
74.0	232.47	4300.85	5476.00	405224.000	8.6023	4.1983
75-o	235.62	44I7.S7	5625.00	421875.000	8 . 6603	4.2172
76.0	238.76	4536.47	5776.00	438976.000	8.7178	4-2358
77.0	241.90	4656.63	5929.00	456533.000	8.7750	4-2543
78.0	245.04	4773.37	6084 . oo	474552.000	8.8318	4-2727
79.0	248.18	49OI.68	6241 .00	493039.000	8.8882	4-2908
80.0	25L32	5026.56	6400.00	512000.000	8.9443	4-3089
81.0	254-47	5153.01	6561.00	531441.000	9.0000	4.3267
82.0	257.61	5281.03	6724.00	551368.000	9-0554	4-3445
83.0	260.75	5410.62	6889.00	571787.000	9.1104	4-3621
84.0	263 . 89	554L78	7056.00	592704.000	9.1652	'4-3795
85.0	267.03	5674.50	7225.00	614125.000	9.2195	4-3968
86.0	270.17	58o8.8l	7396.00	636056.000	9.2736	4.4140
87.0	273.32	5944.69	7569.00	658503.000	9.3274	4.4310
8S.o	276.46	6082.13	7744.00	681472.000	9.3808	4.4480
89.0	279.60	6221.13	7921.00	704969.000	9.4340	4.4647
90.0	282.74	6361.74	8100.00	729000.000	9.4868	4.4814
91.0	285.88	6503.89	8281.00	753571.000	9-5394	4-4979
92.0	289.02	6647.62	8464 . oo	778688.000	9-5917	4.5144
93-0	292.17	6792.92	8649 . oo	804357.000	9.6437	4.5307
94.0	295.31	6939.78	8836.00	830584.000	9-6954	4-5468
95-0	298.45	7088.23	9025.00	857375.000	9.7468	4-5629
96.0	301.59	7238.24	9216.00	884736.000	9.7980	4-5789
97.0	304.73	7389.83	9409.00	912673.000	9.8489	4-5947
98.0	307.87	7542.98	9604 . oo	941192.000	9.8995	4.6104
99.0	311.02	7697.68	9801.00	970299.000	9.9499	4.6261
100. 0	3H.I6	7854-00	IOOOO.OO	IOOOOOO.OOO	10.0000	4.6416

HANDY TABLES.

It

LOGARITHMS.

HYPERBOLIC LOGARITHMS.

N.	Log.	N.	Log.	N.	Log.	N.	Log.	N.	Log.
.00	0 0000	•3°	0.8329	3-60	.2809	4.00	.5892	6.40	-8563
	0.0488	•35	0-8544	3-65	•2947	4-95	•5994	6.50	.8718
.10	0.0953 0.1398	•40 •45	0-8755 0.8961	3-70 3-75	.3083 • 3218	S-oo 5-05	.6094 .6194	6.60 6.70	.8871 .9021
.20	0.1823	•5°	0.9163		•3350	5.10	.6292	6.80	.9169
• 25	0.2231		0.9361	3-85	• 3481	5-15	.6390	6.90	•9315
•30	0.2624	.60	0-9555	3-90	• 3610	5-20	•6487	7.00	•9459
•35	0.3001	•65	0.9746	3-95	•3737	5-25	.6582	7.20	•9741
40	0.3365	•70	0-9933	4.00	•3863	5-30	.6677 i	7.40	.0015
•45	0.3716	•75	1.0116	4-05	.3987	5-35	.6771 i	7.60	.0281
•5°	0.4055	.80	1.0296	4.10	.4110	5-4°	.6864	7.80	.0541
•55	0.4383	•85	I-Q473	4.15	.4231	5-45	• 6956	8.00	.0794
.60	0.4700	.90	1.0647	4.20	•4351	5-50	.7047	8.25	.1102
•65	0.5008	•95	i. 0818	4-25	.4469	5-55	•7138	8.50	. I4OI
.70	0.5306	3-00	1.0986	4.30	.4586	5.60	.7228	8-75	.1691
•75	0.5596	3-°5	I . ZI54	4-35	.4701	5-65	•7317	9.00	.1972
.80	0.5878		1.1314	4.40	.4816	5-7°	•7405	9-25	.2246
-85	0.6152	3-15	1.1474	4-45	•4929	5-75	• 7492	9-50	•25^3
.90 •95	0.6419 0.6678	3-20 3-25	1.1632 1.1787	4-50 4-55	.5041 •5I5I	5-8o 5-85	•7579 .7664	9-75 IO.OO	•2773 .3020
.00	0.6931	3-30	"-1939	4.60	• 5261	5-90	•775°	II. OO	•3979
05	0.7178	3-35	1.2000	4.65	•5369	5-95	.7834	12.00	.4849
.10	0.7419	3-40	1.2238	4.70	.5476	6.00	.7918	13.00	•5649
• 15	0.7655	3-45	1.2384	4-75	.558i	6.10	.8083	14.00	.6391
.20	0.7885	3-50	1.2528	4.80	.5686	6.20	• 8245	15.00	.7081
•25	0.8109	3-55	1.2669	4-85	•5790	6.30	.8405	16.00	.7726

COMMON LOGARITHMS: 10-1200.

N.	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	Diff.
10	00000	00432	00860	01284	01703	02119	02531	02938	03342	03743	396
ii	04139	04532	04922	05308	05690	06070	06446	06819	07188	07555	363
12	07918	08279	08636	08991	09342	09691	10037	10380	10721	11059	335
J3	"394	11727	12057	"385	12710	13033	13354	13672	13988	14301	312
14	14613	14922	15229	15534	15836	16137	16435	16732	17026	17319	290
»S	17609	17898	18184	18469	18752	19033	19312	19590	19866	20140	272
16	20412	20683	20952	21219	21484	21748	2201 1	22272	22531	22789	256
17	23045	23300	23553	23805	24055	24304	2455*	24797	25042	25285	242
18 »9	25527 27875	25768 28103	26007 28330	26245 28556	26482 28780	26717 29003	26951 29226	27184 29447	27416 29667	27646 29885	229 218
20	30103	30320	30535	30750	30963	3"75	31387	3T597	31806	32015	•07
21	32222	32428	32634	32838	33041	33244	33445	33646	33846	34044	198
22	34242	34439	34635	34830	35025	35218	354"	35603	35793	35984	189
*4	36173 38021	36361 38202	36549 38382	36736 38561	36922 38739	37107 38917	37291 39094	37475 39270	37658 39445	37840 39620	181 174
11	39794 4>497	399«7 41664	40140 41830	40312 41996	40483 42160	40654 42325	40824 42488	40003 42651	41762 42813	41330 42975	167 161
11	43*36 44716	43297 44871	43457 45025	43616 45179	43775 4*332	43933 45484	44091 45637	44248 45788	44404 45939	44560 46090	156- 150
SO	46240	46389	46538	46687	46835	46982	47129	47276	47422	47567
		1

HANDY TABLES. COMMON LOGARITHMS — Continued.

N.	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	Diff.
30	477*2	47857	48001	48144	48287	48430	48572	48714	48855	48996	140
3*	49*36	49276	494*5	49554	49693	4983*	49969	50106	50243	50379	136
32	505*5	5065*	50786	50920	5*055	5*188	5*322	5*455	5*587	5*720	132
33	5*85*	5*983	52114	52244	52375	52504	52634	52763	52892	53020	128
34	53*48	53275	53403	53529	53656	53782	53908	54033	54*58	54283	124
35	54407	54531	54654	54777	54900	55023	55*45	55267	55388	55509	121
36	55630	5575*	5587*	5599*	56110	56229	56348	56467	56585	56703	**7
37	56820	56937	57054		57287	57403	575*9	57634	57749	57864	**4
38	57978	58092	58206	58320	58433	58546	58659	5877*	58883	58995	in
39	59*o6	59218	59329	59439	5955°	59660	59770	59879	59988	60097	109
40	60206	60314	60423	60531	60638	60746	60853	60959	61066	61172	106
41	61278	61384	61490	6i595	61700	61805	61909	62014	62118	62221	104
42	62325	62428	62531	62634	62737	62839	62941	63043	63*44	63246	IOI
43	63347	63448	63548	63649	63749	63849	63949	64048	64*47	64246	99
44	64345	64444	64542	64640	64738	64836	64933	65031	65128	65225	97
45	65321	654*8	655*4	65610	65706	65801	65896	65992	66087	66181	95
46 47	66276 67210	66370 67302	66464 67394	66558 67486	66652 67578	66745 67669	66839 67761	66932 67852	67025 67943	67117 68034	93 90
48	68124	68215	68305	68395	68485	68574	68664	68753	68842	68931	89
49	69020	69108	69*97	69285	69373	69461	69548	69636	69723	69810	87
50	69897	69984	70070	70*57	70243	70329	7°4*5	70501	70586	70672	86
5*	70757	70842	70927	71012	71096	71181	7*265	7*349	7*433	7*5*7	84
52	71600	71684	71767	71850	7*933	72016	72099	72181	72263	72346	83
53	72428	72509	7259*	72673	72754	72835	72916	72997	73078	73*59	81
54	73239	73320	73400	7348o	7356o	73640	737*9	73799	73878	73957	80
55	74036	74** 5	74*94	74273	7435*	74429	74507	74586	74663	74741	78
56	748i9	74896	74974	7505*	75128	75205	75282	75358	75435	755*1	77
	75587	75664	75740			75967	76042	76118		76268	76
58	76343	76418	76492	76567	76641	76716	76790	76864	76938	77012	74
.59	77085	77*59	77232	773°5	77379	77452	77525	77597	77670	77743	73
60	778i5	77887	77960	78032	78104	78176	78247	783*9	78390	78462	72
	78533	78604	78675	78746	78817	78888	78958	79029	79099	79*69
62	79239	79309	79379	79449	795*8	79588	79657	79727	79796	79865	69
63	79934	80003	80072	80140	80209	80277	80346	80414	80482	80550	68
•64	80618	80686	80754	80821	80889	80956	81023	81090	81158	81224	67
'65	81291	81358	81425	81491	8*558	81624	81690	8*757	81823	81889	66
'66	8*954	82020	82086	82151	82217	82282	82347	82413	82478	82543	65
167	82607	82672	82737	82802	82866	82930	82995	83059	83*23	83187	64
•69	83251 83885	833*5 83948	83378 84011	83442 84073	83506 84*36	83569 84198	83632 84261	83696 84323	83759 84386	83822 84448	63 63
70 7*	84510 85126	84572 85187	84634 85248	84696 85309	84757 85370	84819 8543*	84880 8549*	84942 85552	85003 85612	85065 85673	62 61
72	85733	85794	85854		85974	86034	86094	86153	86213	86273	60
73	86332	86392	8645*	86510	86570	86629	86688	86747	86806	86864	59
74	86923	86982	87040	87099	87*57	87216	87274	87332	87390	87448	58
75	87506	87^64	87622	87679	87737	87795	87852	87910	87967	88024	58
76	88081	88138	88rg5	88252	88309	88366	88423	88480	88536	88593	57
77	88649	88705	88762	88818	88874	88930	88986	89042	89098	89*54	56
78	89209	89265	89321	89376	89432	89487	89542	89597	89653	89708	55
79	89763	89818	89873	89927	89982	90037	90091	90146	90200	90255	55
80	90309	90363	90417	90472	90526	90580	90634	90687	00741	90795	54
81	90849	90002	90956	91009	91062	91116	91169	91222	91275	9*328	53
82	91381	9*434	9*487	9*540	9*593	9*645	91698	9*75*	9*803	9*855	52
83	91908	91960	92012	92065	92117	92169	92221	92273	92324	92376	52
84	92428	92480	9253*	92583	92634	92686	92737	92788	92840	92891
85	92942	92993	93°44	93095	93*46	93*97	93247	93298	93349	93399	5'
86	93450	93500	9355*	93601	9365*	93702	93752	93802 93852	93902	50
87	93952	94002	94052	94101	94*5*	94201	94250	94300 | 94349	94399	50

HANDY TABLES.

COMMON LOGARITHMS— Continued.

N.	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9 Diff.
88 89	94448 94939	94498 94988	94547 95036	94596 95085	94645 95134	94694 95182	94743 95231	94792 95279	94841 95328	94890 | 49 95376 49
90	95424	95472	95521	95569	95617	95665	95713	9576i	95809	95856 48
9' 92	95904 96379	KS	95999 96473	96047 96520	96095 96567	96142 96614	96190 96661	96237 96708	96284 96755	96332 96802	47 47
93	96848	96895	96942	96988	97035	97081	97128	97 '74	97220	97267	46
94	97313	97359	97405	9745i	97497	97543	97589	97635	97681	97727	46
It	97772 98227	97818 98272	97864 98318	979*9	97955 98408	98000 98453	98046 98498	98091 98543	98137 98588	98182 98632	45 45
97	98677	98722	98767	98811	98856	98900	98945	98989	99034	99078	45
98	99123	99167	99211	99255	99300	99344	99388	99432	99476	99520	44
99	99564	99607	99651	99695	99739	99782	99826	99870	99913	99957	44
too	00000	00045	00087	00130	00173	00217	00260	00303	00346	00389 1 43
101	00432	00475	00518	00561	00604	00647	00689	00732	o°775	00817 43
102	00860	00903	00945	00988	01030	01072	01115	01157	01199	01242	42
103	01284	01326	01368	01410	01452	01494	01536	01578	01620	01662	42
104	01703	oi745	01787	01828	01870	01912	01953	01995	02036	02078	42
3	02119 02531	02160 02572	02202 O26l2	02243 02653	02284 02694	02325 02735	02366 02776	02407 02816	02449 02857	02490 02898	4i 41
107	02938	02979	03019	03060	03100	03141	03181	03222	03262	03302 41
108	03342	03383	03423	03463	03503	03543	03583	03623	03663	03703 40
109	03743	03782	03822	03862	03902	03941	03981	04021	04060	04100 1 40
no	04139	04179	04218	04258	04297	04336	04376	04415	04454	04493	39
III	04532	04571	04610	04650	04689	04727	04766	04805	04844	04883	39
112	04922	04961	04999	05038	05077	05"5	05154	05192	05231	05269	39
"3	05308	05346	05385	05423	05461	05500	OSSS8	05576	95614	05652	38
114	05690	05729	05767	05805	05843	05881	05918	05956	05994	06032	38
"5 116	06070 06446	06108 06483	06145 06521	06183 06558	06221 06595	06258 06633	06296 06670	06333 06707	06371 06744	06408 06781	38 37
117	06819	06856	06803	06930	06967	07004	07041	07078	07115	07151	37
118 119	07188 07555	07225 07591	07628	07298 07664	07335 07700	07372 °7773	07408 07773	07445 07809	07846	07518 07882	11

Base of Naperian logarithms,

Log. e = Modulus of common logarithms,

«= 2. 7182818 0.4342945

ft = o . 4342945 9 . 6377843 - 10.

20

HANDY TABLES.

III. MEAN PRESSURES FOR VARIOUS METHODS OF EXPANSION.

Values of — . Adiabatic Expansion of Steam.

Ratio of Expansion.	1 3 u	PERCENTAGE OF STEAM AND VALUE OF «.
100 i-i35	90 1.125	80 1.115	76 i. in	70 1.105	60 1.095	so 1.085	100 1-333
2	}	.829	.831	•833	•834	•835	.836	.837	.810
*i	i	.785	.787	.788	.789	.790	.791	• 793	•754
*i	t	•744	.746	• 747	.748	•749	.750	• 75 *	.714
2f	T4T	.707	.708	.710	.711	.712	.713	.714	•675
3	i	.675	.676	.677	.678	.679	.681	.683	•639
3*	A	.644	.645	.647	.648	.649	.650	.652	.606
3i	*	.633	• 635	.636	•637	•639	.641	•643	.600
3*	f	.616	.618	.619	.620	.622	.624	.626	•576
3t	&	•591	• 592	•593	•594	•59b	.596	•598	•552
4	i	.567	.568	•570	•572	.573	•574	• 576	.523
4*	f	.525	• 527	.528	•530	•531	•533	•534	.486
5	1	.488	.491	•493	•494	.496	.498	.500	•447
Si	T8T	.458	.460	.462	.463	.465	.467	.470	.417
6	1	•432	•434	•435	•437	•439	.441	•443	•390
N	T1F	.409	.410	.411	.413	.415	.417	.420	•369
7	1	.387	•39°	.392	•394	.400	•403	.405	•345
8	i	• 355	•356	• 357	-358	.360	.361	•363	.312
10	iV	.298	.300	.302	•303	• 304	•305	.308	.263
20	*	.170	•173	•175	.177	.178	.180	.182	.144
50	A	.080	.082	.083	.084	.084	.085	.086	.063
100	T^ff	.044	•045	•045	.046	.046	.047	048	•034

HANDY TABLES.

21

III.— (Continued.)

MEAN PRESSURES FOR VARIOUS METHODS OF EXPANSION. Values of *— for Steam, Air, Gas, and Mixtures.

	— '	§3	§8	Steam and Leak-	S3	Gases.
iT "8 §	? 3	1§- -: _ —	O w U ~ c *T	age, Actual En- gines	If
el	Q	g-J? ?	.*• c u »•	gl&JVO.	> g
II	•3 MI'K £	a -o . 6 S s	<o		If	Isother-	Adiabat-
N	1	2b WQ	|l	*, 0.50.	*. 0.75.	JJ	mal, w, 1. 00.	ic, *, 1.41.
2	*	.841	.825	.914	• 875	.783	.846	.801
2*	*	•793	.787	.888	.844	•733	.804	•753
2i	|	.760	•745	.866	.800	• 683	.765	•707
2i	A	•717	.700	.846	•785	.638	• 731	.668
3	i	•695	.665	.824	•752	•598	.699	.638
9*	*	• 665	.635	.802	•732	-578	.670	•596
3i	TV	.652	.625	.796	.716	.568	.661	.588
3i	I	.632	• 605	.782	.704	• .548	.642	.568
91	A	.608	.580	• 775	.684	•515	.616	•538
4	i	.587	•550	• 750	.664	.486	.566	.518
4*	I	•540	.510	.720	.624	.441	•555	•473
5	i	.510	.482	•695	.600	.406	.522	.428
Si	A	.478	•455	• 674	.560	-371	.492	.406
6	i	•454	.420	• 650	•530	•349	•465	•378
6|	A	•430	•39°	.632	• 515	.326	.441	•358
7	}	.409	•375	.612	• 500	•303	.421	•337
8	i	•372	•340	.697	.468	.276	.385	.302
10	A	• 326	.284	•532	.412	.225	•330	253
20	A	.192	.165	.396	.272	.103	.200	.138
50	&	.091	.074	.245	•193	.050	.098	.060
100	*	.053	.040	.180	• 134	• 025	.056	• 032

22

HANDY TABLES.

I II. — (Continued!) MEAN PRESSURE RATIOS.

r	A	B	C	r	A	B	C	r	A	B	C	r	A	B	C
.0	I.OOO	I.OOO	I.OOO	5-3	.478	• 5°3	.488	9.6	.312	.340	•324	7.8	.194	.218	.204
.1	0.996	0.996	0.996	5-4	.472	• 497	.482	9-7	.310	.338	.322	8.0	.192	.216	.202
.2	0.983	0.983	0.983	5-5	.467	.492	•477	9.8	• 3°7	•335	•3*9	8.2	.190	.215	.2OO
• 3	.966	.968	.967	5-6	.461	.486	• 471	9-9	• 305	•333	•317	8.4	.189	.214	.199
• 4	• 947	•952	•950	5-7	• 456	.481	.466	IO.O	• 3°3	•330	• 3M	8.6	.187	.212	.197
• 5	.928	•934	•931	5-8	•45°	•475	.460	IO.2	.299	• 325	.310	8.8	.185	.210	195
.6	.910	.919	.914	5-9	•445	.47°	•455	10.4	• 295	.321		19.0	.183	.208	•193
• 7	.890	.900	• 895	6.0	.440	• 465	•450	10.6	.291	•3X7	.302	19.2	.182	.207	.192
.8	.870	.880	•875	6.1	• 434	.460	•445	10.8	.287	•3I3	.298	19.4	.180	.205	-igO
•9	.850	.862	.856	6.2	•429	•455	.440	II. 0	.283	•3°9	.294	19.6	.179	.204	.189
.0	.833	.846	.840	6-3	• 424	• 450	•435	II. 2	.279	•3°5	.290	19.8	.178	.202	.l87
.1	.817	.830	.824	6-4	.419	• 445	•43«	II.4	• 275	.301	.286	20. o	.177	.2OO	.186
.2	.798	.812	.805	6-5	.414	.441	.426	ii. 6	.272	.298	• 283	2O. 2	•175	.198	.I84
• 3	.780	•795	.787	6.6	.409	•436	.421	n. 8	.268	•294	.279	20.4	.174	.196	.183
•4	•763	.780	.771	6.7	• 4°5	•432	.417	12.0	.264	.290	•275	20. 6	•173	.194	.182
• 5	.748	.766	.756	6.8	.4101	.428		12.2	.26t	.287	.272	20.8	.171	•193	.ISO
.6	•732	•750	.740	6.9	•396	.424	'lei	12.4	•257	.283	.268	21. 0		.192	.178
• 7 .8	.718	.736	.726	7.0	•393	.421	.405	12.6	• 254	.280	.265 .262	21.2	.168	.191	.177 T7&
•9	•7°5 .692	.710	.700	7-2	•385	•413	•397	I3.0	.248	.277 .274	•259	21 . 4 21.6	.'165	. IQO .188	. I7O .174
3-°	.680	.699	.688	7-3	.381	.410	•393	13.2	• 245	.271	.256	21.8	.164	.187	•173
3-1	.668	.687	.676	7-4	•377	.406		13-4	.242	.268	•253	22.0	.163	.186	.172
S-2	.656	•675	.664	7-5	•373	.402	.386	I3.6	• 239	.265	.250	22.2	.162	.185	.171
3-3	.645	.664	• 653	7-6	•370	•399	•383	13-8	.236	.262	.247	22.4	.161	.i84	.170
3-4	.634	•653	.642	7-7	•367	.396	.380	14.0	• 234	.260	•245	22.6	.160	.183	.169
3-5	.622	.642	.631	7-8	•363	•392	.376	14.2	.231	•257	.242	22.8	•J59	.182	.168
3-6	.612	•632	.621	7-9	.360	•389	•373	14.4	.228	•254	•239	23.0	.158	.180	.167
3-7	.602	.622	.611	8.0	.356	•385	•370	I4.6	.225	.251	• 236	23-2	.156	.179	.165
3-8	•593	• 613	.602	8.1	•353	• 382	•367	I4.8	.223	.249	•234	23.4	•155	.178	.I64
3-9	•584	.604	•593	8.2	•350	•379	•364	15.0	.221	.247	• 232	23.6	•154	.177	.163
4.0	•572	.596	•583	8-3	•347	•376	• 361	15.2	.219	• 245	.230	23-8	•153	.176	.162
	•565	•587	•575	8.4	•344	•373	•358	15-4	.217	.242	.227	24.0	.151	.174	.160
4.2	•556	.578	.566	8-5	•341	•371	•355	15-6	.215	.240	• 225	24.2	• 150	• 173	•159.
4-3	.548	•57°	•558	8.6	•338	• 368	•352	15-8	.21;	.238	.22	24.4	.149	.172	.158
4-4	•54°	.563	•550	8.7	•335	• 364	•349	16.0	.211	.236	.22	24.6	.148	.171
4-5	•532	•555	•542	8.8	•332	• 361	•346	16.2	.209	•234	.219	24.8	.147	.170	• 156
4-6	•525	•548	•535	8.9	•33°	•358	•34	16.4	.207	.232	.217	25.0	.146	.169	•155
4-7	.518	•542	.528	9.0	•327	•355	•340	16.6	• 205	.230	.21
4-8	•5"	•535	.521	9.1	•324	•353	•337	16.8	.20;	.228	.21
4-9	.504	.528	•514	9.2	• 322	•351	•335	17 o	.201	.226	.21
5-0	.496	.522	• 506	9-3	• 320	•348	•332	17.2	.199	.224	.209
5* *	.490	•5*5	.500	9.4	• 3*7	•345	•329	17.4	.197	.222	.207
5-2	.484	•509	•494	9-5	•315	•343	•327	17.6	• 195	.220	.205

Column r, the ratio of expansion = —

»1

" A , ratio of mean to initial pressure, —

P\

A,

For dry steam, expand- ed without gain or loss of heat, in a non-con- ducting cylinder.

i + hyp. log. r ( For damP steam, J expanded receiv- ing heat.

. For dry steam, ex- _ i&r — IB ; panded receiving icat sufficient to pre- vent liquefaction.

RULE. — To find the mean pressure exerted throughout the stroke, multiply the initial pres- sure by the number opposite the ratio of expansion, in the column corresponding witn the conditions of expansion. (From Northcott.)

P. log- r j Fc

1 " (Fa

3 & 1 h*

( ve

HANDY TABLES.

IV.

TERMINAL PRESSURE RATIOS

pi

r	*	B	C	r	A	B	C	r	A	B	C	r	A	B	C
.0	0.00	o.o	o.oo	4-7	5-58	4-7	5-18	8-3	10.5	8-3 8 A	9.47	13.8	l8.5 18.8	13.8	16.2
.2	.33	1.2	.21	4-9	5-84	4-9		8-5	10.7	o . 4	9-59 9-64	14.0 14.2	19.1	14.0 14.2	I*'.!
•3	•34	'•3	•32		5.98		5-52	8.6	10.9	8.6	9.76	14-4	19.4	14-4	17.0
• 4	•45	x-4	•43	5-i	6. ii	5-i	5-64	8-7	II. 0	8.7	9.88	i4.6	19.7	14.6	17.2
.5 .6	%	1:1	3	5-2 5-3	6.24 6.38	5-2 5-3	5^88	8.8 8.9	II. 2 "•3	8.8 8.9	10.0 10.2	14.8 15-0	20. o 20.3	14.8 15.0	£i
•7	.80	1-7	•75	5-4	6-51	5-4	6.00	9.0	"•5	9.0	I0.3	15-2	20.6	15-2	18.0
.8	.92	1.8	.87	5-5	6.64		6.12	9.1	ii. 6	9.1	10.4	15-4	20.9		18.2
«9	•	1.9	.98	5-6	6.78	5-6	6.23	9-2	n. 8	9-2	10.6	15.6	21.2	15.6	18.5
.0 .16	2.O	.08	5.7	6.91	5-7	6-35	9-3	11.9	9-3	10.7	15.8	21.5	15 8	18 7
.1 .28	2.1	.20	5-8	7.05		6.47	9-4	12.0	9-4	10.8	16.0	21.8	16.0	19.0
.2 .40 .3 -53 •4 -64	2.2 2-3 2-4	•SI •42 •53	5-9 6.0 6.1	7.18 7-32 7-45	5-9 6.0 6.1	6-59 6.71 6.83	9-5 9.6 9-7	12.2 12.3	9-5 9.6 9-7	10.9 II. 0 ii. i	16.2 16.4 16.6	22.1 22.4 22 7	16.2 16.4 16.6	19-3 19.5 19.8
-5: .76	2-5	•64	6.2	7-59	6.2	6.95	9.8	12.6	9.8	"•3	16.8	23.0	14.8	20.0
.6		2.6	.76	6-3	7-73	6-3	7.07	9-9	12.8	9-9	11.4	17.0	23-3	17.0	20.3
.7	3-oi	2.7	.87	6.4	7.86	6.4	7.18	IO.O	12 9	IO.O	"•5	17.2	23-6	17.2	20.5
•9	3- '4 3.26	2.8 2.9	•99 .10	6.5 6.6	8.00 8.14	6-5 6.6	7-30 7.42	10.2 10-4	13.2 13-5	IO.2 10.4	11.7 12.0	J7-4 17.6	23-9 24.2	'7-4 17.6	20.8 21.0
3-0	3-39	3.0	.21	6.7	8.27	6.7	7-54	10.6	I3-8	10.6	12.3	17.8	24-5	17.8	21.3
	3-Si	3-i	•32	6.8	8.41	6.8	7 66	10.8	14.1	10.8	12-5	18.0	24.8	18.0	21. 0
3-2	3-64	3-2	: -43	6.9	8-55	6.9	7.78	II. 0		II. 0	12.8	18.2	25-1	18.2	21.8
3-3	3-77	3-3		7.0	8.69	7.0	7.90	II. 2	14.6	II. 2	13-0	18.4	25-4	18.4	22. 0
3-4	3 -80	3-4	.67	7-1	8.83 7.1	8.02	II.4	14.9	ii..:	13-3	18.6	25-7	18.6	22.3
	4.02	3-5	•79	7-2	8.96 7.2	8.14	ii. 6	15.2	ii. 6	13-5	18.8	26.*	18.8	22.§
3-6	4-15	3-6	.90	7-3	9. 10	7-3	8.27	ii. 8	iS-5	ii. 8	13-7	19.0	26.3	19.0	22.8
3-7	4.28	3-7	.01	7-4	9.24	7-4	8.38	12. 0	15 8	12.0	14.0	19.2	26.6	19.2	23-X
3-8 3-9	4.41 4-54	3-8 3-9	•13 •25	J:i	9-38 9.52		8-49 8.62	12.2 12.4	16.1 16.4	12.2 12-4	14.2 14-5	19.4 19.6	26.9 27.3	19.4 19.6	23.| 23.6
4.0	4.66	4.0	.36	7-7	9.66	7-7	8.74	12.6	16.7	12.6	14.8	19.8	37.5	19.8	23-9
4* *	4-79	4' *	•47	7-8	9.80	7-8	8.87	12.8	17.0	12.8	15.0	20.0	27.9	20.0	24. x
4-2 4.3	4.91 5-05	4-2 43	.60 •71	7-9 8.0	9-94 10. I	7-9 8.0	8-99 9.11	13-0 13-2		13.0 13-*	15.2 15-5	21,0 22. 0	29-5 31-0	21.0 22.0	25-4 26.7
4-4	5-18	4-4	.82	8.1 10.2	8.1	9-23	13-4	17.9	13-4	15-7	23.0	32.6	23.0	28.O
J:I	5.32 5-45	4-5 4.6	•95 5-o6	8.2	10.3	8.2	9-35		18.2	13-6	16.0	24.0		24.0	29-3

Column r, ratio of expansion = —

" A , ratio of initial to final pressure, /3

" B, ** " M /,

*• c ** ** M ** p\

( For dry steam, expanded with- •< out gain or loss of heat in a l non-conducting cylinder.

j For damp steam, expanded J receiving heat.

For dry steam, expanded re- ceiving sufficient heat to pre- vent liquefaction.

:.— To find the final pressure obtaining with any ratio of expansion, divide the initial pressure hv 'he number opposite the ratio of expansion, in the column corresponding with the "ition* of expansion.

HANDY TABLES.

f

1^ (jj Q

». a

jo

J3liog

•areais jo A"DU3pijj3

•anon jsd j3A\od -SSJOH pajBOipai jsd pspusdxs }B3]3

niBSis istmjxg sqi

m[M JJO P3U4BO 1B9H

jo -qj jsd ps^BOip -ui J3MOJ aApopf

pspusd:

jo -qi

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HANDY TABLES.

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26

HANDY TABLES.

VI.

COMPARISON OF THERMOMETERS.

Celsius.	Rdaumur.	Fahren- heit.	Celsius.	Reaumur.	Fahren- heit.	Celsius.	Reaumur.	Fahren- heit.
— 20	-16	-4	25	20.0	77.0	70	56.0	158.0
— 19	— 15-2	— 2.2	26	20.8	78.8	71	56.8	159-8
— 18	-T4-4	-0.4	27	21.6	80.6	72	57.6	161.6
— 17	-13.6	1.4	28	22.4	82.4	73	58.4	163.4
— 16	-12.8	3.2	29	23.2	84.2	74	59.2	165.2
—15	— 12. 0	5-0	30	24.0	86.0	75	60.0	167.0
—14	— II. 2	6.8	31	24.8	87.8	76	60.8	168.8
—13	— 10.4	8.6	32	25.6	89.6	77	61.6	170.6
— 12	-9.6	10.4	33	26.4	91.4	78	62.4	172.4
—II	-8.8	12.2	34	27.2	93-2	79	63.2	174.2
— IO	-8.0	14.0	35	28.0	95-0	80	64.0	176.0
—9	—7.2	15-8	36	28.8	96.8	81	64.8	177.8
—8	-6.4	I7.6	37	29.6	98.6	82	65.6	179.6
—7	-5-6	19.4	38	30.4	100.4	83	66.4	181.4
—6	-4.8	21.2	39	31.2	IO2.2	84	67.2	183.2
—5	—4.0	23.0	40	32.0	104.0	85	68.0	185.0
—4	-3-2	24.8	41	32.8	105.8	86	68.8	186.8
-3	-2.4	26.6	42	33-6	107.6	87	69.6	188.6
—2	-1.6	28.4	43	34-4	109.4	88	70.4	190.4
— I	-0.8	30.2	44	35-2	III .2	89	71.2	192.2
0	0	32.0	45	36.0	II3.0	90	72.0	194.0
I	0.8	33-8	46	36.8	II4.8	9i	72.8	195.8
2	1.6	35-6	47	37-6	II6.6	92	73-6	197.6
3	2.4	37-4	48	38.4	II8.4	93	74-4	199.4
4	3-2	39-2	49	39-2	120.2	94	75.2	201.2
5	4.0	41.0	50	40.0	122.0	95	76.0	203.O
6	4.8	42.8	51	40.8	123.8	96	76.8	204.8
7	5.6	44.6	52	41.6	125.6	97	77.6	206.6
8	6.4	46.4	53	42.4	127.4	98	78.4	208.4
9	7.2	48.2	54	43-2	129.2	99	79.2	210.2
IO	8.0	50.0	55	44.0	I3I.O	100	80.0	212. 0
ii	8.8	51.8	56	44.8	132.8	101	80.8	213.8
12	9.6	53-6	57	45-6	134.6	102	81.6	215.6
13	10.4	55-4	58	46.4	136.4	103	82.4	217.4
14	II. 2	57-2	59	47.2	138.2	104	83.2	219.2
15	12.0	59-o	60	48.0	140.0	105	84.0	221.0
16	12.8	60.8	61	48.8	I4I.8	106	84.8	222.8
17	13-6	62.6	62	49.6	143.6	107	85-6	224.6
18	14.4	64.4	63	50.4	145-4	108	86.4	226. \
19	15-2	66.2	64	51.2	147.2	109	87.2	228.2
20	16.0	68.0	65	52.0	149-0	110	88.0	230.0
21	16.8	69.8	66	52.8	150.8	III	88.8	231.8
22	17-6	71.6	67	53-6	152.6	112	89.6	233.&
23	18.4	73.4	68	54-4	154-4	H3	90.4	235-4
24	19.2	75.2	69	55.2	156.2	114	91.2	237.2

HANDY TABLES. COMPARISON OF THERMOMETERS — Continued.

Celsius.	Reaumur.	Fahren- heit.	Celsius.	Reaumur.	Fahren- heit.	Celsius.	Reaumur.	Fahren- heit.
»5	Q2.0	239-0	127	101.6	260.6	139	III. 2	282.2
116	92.8	240.8	128	102.4	262.4	140	112. 0	284.0
117	93-6	242.6	129	103.2	264.2	141	112. 8	285.8
118	94-4	244.4	130	104.0	266.0	142	II3.6	287.6
119	95-2	246.2	131	104.8	267.8	143	II4.4	389.4
120	96.0	248.0	132	105.6	269.6	144	II5.2	291.2
121	96.8	249.8	133	106.4	271.4	145	116.0	293-0
122	97-6	251.6	134	107.2	273.2	146	116.8	294.8
123	98.4	253-4	135	108.0	275.0	147	117.6	296.6
124	99.2	255-2	136	108.8	276.8	148	118.4	298.4
"5	100. 0	257.0	137	109.6	278.6	149	119.2	300.2
126	100.8	258.8	138	110.4	280.4	150	120.0	302.O

HANDY TABLES.

VII.

DENSITIES AND VOLUMES OF WATER. KOPP; CORRECTED BY PORTER.

Temperature.	Volume, Kopp.	Corrected Vol- ume.	Differenees.
F.	c.
39-2	4	.OOOOO	.OOOOO
41.0	5	.00001	.OOOOI	24.
51.8	10	.00025	.00025	^T" -Q	34
59.0	15	.00082'	.00083	5° 88	30.
68.0	20	.00169	.00171		27
77-0	25	.00284	.00286	JI5 T fjf\	24
86.0	3°	.00423	.00425	J39 ff.r	22
95 o	35	.00583	.00586	IOI TQT	2O
104.0	40	.00768	.00767	1 0 1 onn	19
113.0	45	.00967	.00967	4\J\J	19
122. 0	50	.01190	.01186	219 2<77	18
131.0	55	.01423	.01423	•"O/	18
140.0	60	.01672	.01678	255 0*7'?	18
149.0 150.0	65 70	.01943 .02238	.01951 .02241	273 290	17 17
167.0	75	.02554	.02548	3°7 AAJ	17
176.0	80	.02871	.02872	324	17
185.0	85	.03202	.03213	34 *	16
194.0	90	.03553	.03570	357 0*7*3	16
203.0	95	.03921	•03943	373 oRn	16
212.0	IOO	.04312	.04332	JUV

WEIGHTS AND VOLUMES.

	Ratio of			Ratio of			Ratio of
nperature,	volume to that of equal weight at maximum	Weight of a cubic foot.	nperature	volume to that of equal weight at maximum	Weight of a cubic foot.		volume to that of equal weight at maximum	Weight of a cubic foot.
t	density.		£	density.		H	density.
Fahr.		Lbs.	Fahr.		Lbs.	Fahr.		Lbs.
32-°	.000129	62.417	210.°	.04226	59.894	39°.°	•15538	54.030
39-i	.000000	62.425	212.	.04312	59-707	400.	.16366	53-635
40.	.000004	62.423	220.	.04668	59.641	410.	.17218	53-255
5°-	.000253	62.409	230.	.05142	59-372	420.	.18090	52.862
60.	.000929	62.367	240.	•05633	59.096	430.	.18982	52.466]
70.	.001981	62.302	250.	.06144	58.812	44o.	.19898	52.065
80.	.00332	62.218	260.	.06679	58.5^7	45°-	.20833	51.662
90.	.00492	62.119	270.	.07233	58.214	460.	.21790	51-256
too. no.	.00686 .00902	62.000 61.867	280. 290.	.07809 .08405	57-903 57-585	£	.22767 •23766	50.848 50.438
120.	.01143	61.720	300.	.09023	57-259	49o.	•24785	50.026
130.	.01411	61.556	3IO.	.09661	56.925	500.	.25828	49.611
140.	.01690	61.388	320.	• 10323	56.584	510.	.26892	49-!95
ISO-	.01995	61.204	33°.	.11005	56.236	520.	•27975	48.778
160.	.02324	61.007	34°.	. 11706	55-883	53°.	. 29080	48.360
170.	.02671	60 . 801	350.	.12431	55-523	540.	. 30204	47-941
180.	.03033	60.587	360.	•13175	55-158	550.	•3I354	47-521
190.	.03411	60.366	370-	.13042	54-787
200.	.03807	60.136	380.	• M729	54-4"

HANDY TABLES.

29

VIII.

TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES, SATURATED STEAM. IN METRIC MEASURES AND FROM REGNAULT.

»j		(j
3 rt	STEAM-PRESSURE.	fl	STEAM-PRESSURE.
ft a •	In Centimetres.	In Atmospheres	1	In Centimetres.	In Atmospheres
H			h
- 32° C	0.0320	0.0004	+ 14°C	.1908	0.016
31	0.0352	0.0005	15	.2699	0.017
30	0.0386	0.0005	16	.3536	O.OlS
29	0.0424	0.0006	17	.4421	0.019
28	0.0464	0.0006	18	•5357	0.020
27	0.0508	0.0007	19	.6346	0.022
26	0-0555	0.0007	20	•7391	0.023
25	0.0605	0.0008	21	.8495	0.024
24	0.0660	0.0009	22	•9659	O.O26
23	0.0719	0.0009	23	2.0888	0.028
22	0.0783	O.OOIO	24	2.2184	O.O29
21	0.0853	O.OOII	25	2.3550	0.031
20	0.0927	0.0012	26	2.4988	0.033
19	o. 1008	0.0013	27	2.5505	0.034
18	0.1095	0.0014	28	2.8101	0.037
17	o. 1189	0.0015	29	2.9782	0.039
16	0.1290	0.0017	30	3.1548	0.042
15	0.1400	0.0018	31	3.3406	0.044
14	0.1518	0.0020	32	3-5359	0.047
13	0.1646	0.0022	33	3-74"	0.049
12	0.1783	O.OO24	34	3.9565	0.052
II	0.1933	0.0025	35	4.1827	0-055
10	0.2093	O.OO27	36	4.4201	0.058
9	0.2267	0.0030	37	4.6691	0.061
8	0.2455	O.OO32	38	4.9302	0.065
7	0.2658	0.0035	39	5.2039	0.068
6	0.2876	O.OO38	40	5.4906	0.072
5	0.3113	0.0041	41	5.7910	0.076
4	0.3368	0.0044	42	6.1055	0.080
3	0.3644	0.0048	43	6.4346	0.085
2	0.3941	0.0052	44	6.7790	0.089
I	0.4263	O.OO56	45	7-I391	0.094
O	0.4600	0.0061	46	7.5158	0.099
+ 1	0.4940	0.0065	47	7.9093	0.104
2	0.5302	0.0070	48	8.3204	0.109
3	0.5687	0.0073	49	8.7499	0.115
4	0.6097	0.0080	50	9.1982	O.I2I
5	0.6534	0.0086	51	9.6661	0.127
6	0.6998	0.0092	52	10.1543	0.134
7	0.7492	0.0199	53	10.6636	0.140
8	0.8017	0.0107	54	11.1945	0.147
9	0.8574	O.OII	55	11.7478	0.155
10	0.9165	O.OI2	56	12.3244	O.I63
ii	0.9792	0.013	57	12.9251	O.I7O
12	1.0457	O.OI4	58	13.5505	0.178
13	1.1162	0.015	59	14.2015	0.187

HANDY TABLES.

TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES, SATURATED STEAM — Continued.

		oF
i	STEAM-PRESSURE.	a	STEAM-PRESSURE.
1		I
Q 6	In Centimetres.	In Atmospheres	S <u	In Centimetres.	In Atmospheres
H			H
-|- 60° C.	14.8791	0.196	H-IIOOC	107.537	.415
61	15.5839	0.205	III	III. 209	•463
62	16.3170	0.215	112	114.983	•513
63	17.0791	0.225	113	118.861	.564
64	17.8714	0.235	114	122.847	.616
65	18.6945	0.246	115	126.941	.670
66	19.5496	0.257	116	I3LI47	.726
67	20.4376	0.267	117	I35.466	.782
68	21.3596	0.281	118	I39.902	.841
69	22.3165	0.294	119	144.455	.901
70	23.3093	0.306	120	149.128	.962
71	24-3393	0.320	121	153.925	2.025
72	25-4073	0-334	122	158,847	2.091
73	26.5147	0-349	123	163.896	2.157
74	27.6624	0.364	124	169.076	2.225
75	28.8517	0.380	125	174-388	2.295
76	30.0838	0.396	126	T79.835	2.366
77	31 . 3600	0.414	I2/	185.420	2.430
78	32.6811	0.430	128	191.147	2.515
79	34.0488	0.448	129	197.015	2.592
80	35.4643	0.466	130	203.028	2.671
81	36.9287	0.486	131	209. 194	2.753
82	38.4435	0.506	132	215.503	2.836
83	40.0101	0.526	133	221.969	2.921
84	41.6298	0.548	134	228.592	3.008
85	43.3041	0.570	135	235.373	3.097
86	45.0344	0.593	I36	242.316	3-188
87	46.8221	0.616	137	249.423	3.282
88	48.6687	0.640	138	256.700	3.378
89	50.5759	0.665	139	264.144	3.476
90	52.5450	0.691	140	271.763	3.576
91	54.5778	0.719	141	279-557	3.678
92	56.6757	0.746	142	287.530	3.783
93	58.8406	0.774	143	295.686	3.890
94	61.0740	0.804	144	304 . 026	4.000
95	63.3778	0.834	145	312.555	4.H3
96	65-7535	0.865	146	321.274	4.227
97	68.2029	0.897	147	330.187	4-344
98	70.7280	0.931	I48	339.298	4.464
99	73.3305	0.965	149	348.609	4.587
100	76.000	I.OOO	150	358.123	4-712
IOI	76.7590	1.036	151	367.843	4.840
102	81.6010	1.074	152	377-774	4.971
103	84.5280	1. 112	153	387-918	5.104
104	87.5410	I.I52	154	398.277	5.240
105	90.6410	•193	155	408 . 856	5.380
106	93-8310	.235	I56	419.659	5-522
107	97.1140	.278	157	430.688	5.667
108	100.4910	,322	158	44L945	5-815
109	103.965	.368	!59	453.436	5.966

HANDY TABLES.

TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES, SATURATED STEAM ^Continued.

£
s	STEAM-PRESSURE.	<_(	STEAM-PRESSURE.
2		S,
!	In Centimetres.	In Atmospheres	1	In Centimetres.	In Atmospheres
-J-i6o°(7.	465.162	6.120	+196° C.	1074.595	14.139
161	477.128	6.278	197	1097.500	14.441
162		6.439	198	1120.982	14.749
163	501.791	6.603	199	1144.746	15.062
164	5M.497	6.770	200	1168.896	15-380
165	527.454	6.940	201	"93.437	15.703
1 66	540.669	7.114	202	1218.369	16.031
167	554.143	7.291	203	1243.700	16.364
168	567.882	7-472	2O4	1269.430	16.703
169	581.890	7.656	205	1295.566	17.047
170	596.166	7.844	206	1322.112	17.396
171	610.719	8.036	207	1349.075	I7./5I
172	625.548	8.231	208	1376.453	18.111
173	640.660	8.430	209	1404.252	18.477
174	656.055	8.632	210	1432.480	18.848
175	67L743	8.839	211	1461.132	19.226
176	687.722	9.049	212	1490.222	19.608
177	703.997	9.263	213	1519.748	19.997
178	720.572	9.481	214	I549.7I7	20.391
179	737.452	9.703	215	1580.133	20 .791
180	754.639	9.929	216	1610.994	21.197
181	772.137	10.150	217	1642.315	21.690
182	789.952	10.394	218	1674.090	22.O27
183	808.084	10.633	219	1706.329	22.452
184	826.540	10.876	220	1739.036	22.882
185	845.323	11.123	221	1772.213	23-3I9
186	864.435	H.374	222	1805.864	23.761
187	883.882	I I . 630	223	1839.994	24.210
188	903.668	11.885	224	1874-607	24.666
189	923.795	12.155	225	1909.704	25.128
190	944.270	12.425	226	1945.292	25. 596
191	965.093	12.699	227	1981.376	26.071
192	986.271	12.977	228	2017.961	26.552
193	1007.804	13.261	229	2055.048	27.040
194	1029.701	13-549	230	2092.640	27.535
195	1051.963	13.842 1

HANDY TABLES.

IX.

METRIC STEAM AND WORK TABLE.

Abso?ute pres-	Specific volumes		w 26127.34	TIT _
sures in Atmos phere.	v« in Cu. meters.	Product pflve.	1000 pev.	vv . pa.
O.I	14.504	1.450	18.010	1.801
0.2	7.525	1.505	17.418	3.483
0.3	5.128	1.540	16.960	5.088
0.4	3.908	1.560	16.750	6.700
0.5	3.165	1.580	16.530	8.265
0.6	2.665	I.6OO	16.339	9-803
0.7	2.304	1.610	16.230	11.361
0.8	2.031	1.620	16. 120	12.896
o.g	.818	1.630	16.020	14.418
.0	.646	1.646	15.870	15-870
.1	.505	1-655	15.780	17.385
.2	.386	1.663	15.710	18.852
.3	.285	1.670	15.640	20.332
•4	.199	i. 680	15.540	21.756
• 5	.123	1.684	15.510	23 • 265
.6	•057	1.691	15.450	24 . 720
• 7	0.999	1.699	15.370	26.129
.8	0.946	1.703	15.340	27.612
•9	0.899	1.708	15.290	29.051
2.0	0.857	1.714	15.243	30.486
2.1	0.819	1.718	15.208	31-937
2.2	0.784	1-725	15.146	33.321
2-3	0-751	1.727	15.128	34-794
2.4	0.722	1-733	I5.076	36.182
2.5	0.695	1.741	15.002	37.505
2.6	0.670	1.742	14.990	38.974
2.7	0.646	1.744	14.970	40.190
2.8	0.625	1-750	14.929	41.801
2.9	0.604	1.752	14.921	43-271
3.0	0.586	1.758	I4.b6l	44.583
3.1	0.568	1.761	I4-838	4S-99&
3.2	0-551	1.763	I4.8l8	47.417
3.3	0-535	1.765	14.790	48 807
3.4	0.521	1.771	14-749	50.146
3.5	0.507	1-774	14.723	5L330
3-6	0.493	1-775	14.720	52.992
3-7	0.481	1.780	14.680	54.316
3-8	0.469	1.782	14.660	55.708
3-9	0.458	1.786	14 . 630	57-057
4.0	0.447	1.788	14.61	58.440
4.1	0.437	1.792	14.58	59.778
4.2	0.427	1-793	14.56	61.152
4-3	0.418	1.797	14-53	62.479
4.4	0.409	1.799	14.52	63.888

HANDY TABLES. METRIC STEAM AND WORK TABLE — Continued.

33

Absolute pres- ure pe in At- mospheres.	Specific volumes v, in Cu. meters.	Product p, v..	Wj_ 26137.34 ** 1000 p. v.	W.jv
4-5	0.400	.800	14.51	65-295
4-6	0.392	.803	14.49	66.654
4-7	0.384	.805	14.45	67.915
4.8	0:377	.810	14-43	69.264
4.9	0.370	.813	14.41	70.609
5.0	Oo63	.815	14.39	7L950
5-i	0.356	.816	14.38	73.338
5-2	0.350	.820	14.36	74.672
1 5-3	0.343	.821	14.35	76.055
5-4	0-337	.823	14.33	77.382
5-5	0.332	.825	14.31	78.705
5-6	0.326	.826	14.30	80.080
5-7	0.321	.829	14.26	81.282
5-8	0.316	•833	14.25	82.650
5-9	0.311	.835	14.24	84.016
6.0	0.306	.836	14.23	85.380
6.25	0.294	-838	14.21	88.812
6-5	0.284	.845	14.16	92.040
6.75	0.273	.848	14-13	95-377
7.0	0.265	•855	14.10	98.700
7-25	0.256	.856	14.07	100.997
7-5	0.248	.860	14.04	105.300
7-75	0.241	.867	13.99	108.422
8.0	0.234	.872	13.96	111.680
8.25	0.227	-873	13-95	114.077
8-5	0.221	.878	13.91	118.235
8-75	0.215	.881	13.89	121-537
9.0	O.2O9	.883	13.86	154.740
9-25	0.204	.887	13.84	128.020
9-5	0.199	.891	13.81	131.195
9-75	0.194	-893	13-80	134-550
10. 0	O.igO	.900	13-75	137-500

34

HANDY TABLES.

t. The tempera- adopting the for° on are separately ure is sufficiently	spnnod ui 'uinnoBA B 3AoqB aincsajj	8,	M N ro ^ i/^vo e-xco O\ O	__	f ^VOK	* Weisbach's Mechanics, vol ii., part ii., Dubois' translation. N. Y.: J. Wiley & Sons. 1884.
		"I "
VOLUME.	•Xiisuap ranajixBra jo 3jnjBjadai3J IB JS^BAV p'annsip jo iq.§i3M iBnba jo arafiioA oj UIB3JS jo sranioA jo CUB^	>	J'H^&s&s.vH	||||	VO	vo !n?
0 0 ^m^rorocs c. <N
PROPERf iES OF SATURATED STEAM. F iTfi.— The following table gives the data required by the engineer in this connection as based upon the experiments of Regnaul lures, pressures, and heat-measures are all from Regnault s experiments. The other quantities were calculated by Mr. R. H. Buel * mulas of Rankine already given to obtain quantities not ascertained by direct experiment. The two parts of the latent heat of vaporizati determined, and the internal thus distinguished from the external work of expansion. British measures are adopted. The nomenclat well explained by the table- headings.	oiqno ui TUB3JS jo punod B JQ	-	+ <*<r,^Z££$:£	Z£^	"	oo ro ON
	>-oro<N M	1	CM <N IN
•spunod ui 4raB3js jo }ooj oiqno B jo iqSia^	>	oooooooooo	o o1??	1	00 ON ON S 2 5, 00 M m m TJ- ^*- 000
QUANTITIES OF HEAT.	•uonBJodBAa jo siiun ui '0zS 3AOq"B UOIIBJOdBAS JO }B3q [BJO J^	"	CM O- ^00 « ro^O [^ ON M	•* t^ O> M	n	HI
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co o moo H m in t^ ON O	•^- ^ •* •*'
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spunod ui 'rannoBA B sAoqu ajnssajj	-	M w ro •<«• iovo t^oo JN o	M f) ro TT	i	mvo t>

ft,

HANDY TABLES.

«C4'Nctcicici«ro m

35

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•5? 8

HANDY TABLES.

•tpm sjunbs jad spanod in 'amrioBA B aAoqB amsssjj	a.	00 0 O 10 10\O	n o* fi ^t iovo ^*oo Os O \OvOVOVO\OvOvOVOVO C^*	M N fO •* tn'O t^ t^ r-. t> t>. ^
VOLUME.	'Ansuap umauxEui jo ajnvejadcuai IB .ISIEM pajinstp jo iq^pM jenba jo auihjoA 01 aiB3;s jo ,->[jri[oA jo OUB-JI	t\	«^	txc;oovovooo woo mro M icod « vo" Q in 6\ •*• o ro w M M o 0 ooo oo (^	m rj-vo o m H t^vo vc \o i^i in
•133J DiqriD ur un?3}s jo punoa B JQ	<0	N VO -«f «^8 r^ tN, r^	VOMOOiONW^- OVO .-.MOMi-wro-^-iot^ OOO t^vO iri rf ro W M O vOVOVOvOvdvO^OvOVO'O	S S" ^-vo" ON S O 0-00 t^\O VO
•spnnod ui 'areais jo ?oo; Diqno B jo 5qSp.M.	^	111,	M-^NtxOwOtN-N^- OW u->t^O (N "<$• m t^.oo •^-vo ow roirit^O <N -^r	-<*• m O «^ N v-> K 8 S ^vg 5
QUANTITIES OF HEAT.	•tIOIlBJOdBA3 JO SHUn UI C0z£ 3AOqB UOIJBJOdBA3 JO JGaq IBJOJ,	ta	Jrg JT	t^ O rn*O O f"VO O w 10 M rororo<*rf--5}-T$-"3-u")U">	OO M •* t^ O ro m^o vo vo c^» i^
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N ro •*• £££	•* ITJVO t^ t^OO O ON O M	IH N N (n •*• •*• Ox C> O> 6v CJV OS
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N<NNINC»<N<N(N<N!N	M M N PI (M «
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HANDY TABLES.

37

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t^ t^ r^oo oo oo oo OOO f^r^t^f^t-^f^t^r^t^r^

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HANDY TABLES.

•tpni 3.renbs jad spanod ui 'ujtmDEA TS 3AoqB gjnssajj	»•	00 O* O	S88lJSw8g<8S»R	as, assess,
VOLUME.	•Aiisusp umuiixtm jo 3jn;BJ3dm3} JB JSJBM psnjisip jo 5qJ§i3M jBtiba jo amhioA OJ tDB3}S JO SOintOA JO OlJB^	-
w c? S	vOjj-rOH^vojrOM	intiiii
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HANDY TABLES.

39

HU

vo M o. q •* c £> £> JJ> ?> fJ> &

OO t»»^O NO 10 10

^ ^ ^

v.,

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40

HANDY TABLES.

The column headed " £7" in the table of the properties of saturated steam is useful for reducing the performance of differ- ent boilers to a common standard — this standard being that most generally accepted by engineers : the equivalent evapora- tion at atmospheric pressure and the temperature of boiling water, or, as it is frequently called, the evaporation from and at 212°. In the table it is assumed that the temperature of the

feed-water is 32°, and an auxiliary table is added, corrections for any temperature of feed from 32° to 2 12°.

giving

CORRECTION FOR TOTAL HEAT IN UNITS OF EVAPORATION.

Tempera- ture of feed, Fah- renheit degrees.	Correction.	Tempera- ture of feed, Fah- renheit degrees.	Correction.	Tempera- ture of feed, Fah- renheit degrees.	Correction.	Tempera- ture of feed, Fah- renheit degrees.	Correction.	1 Tempera- ture of feed, Fah- renheit degrees.	Correction.
33	.0010	69	•0383	105	.0756	141	1129	177	• 1504
34	.0021	70	•°393	106	.0766	!42	1140	178
35	.0031	71	.0404	107	.0777	*43	1150	179	• 1525
36	.0041	72	.0414	108	.0787	144	1160	180	•1535
	.0052 .0062	73 74	.0424 •°435	109 no	.0797 .0808	146	1171 1181	181 182	:l$
39	.0073	75	•°445	in	.0818	147	1192	183	.1566
40	.0083	76	.0450	112	.0829	148	1 202	184	•!577
41	.0093	77	.0466	"3	.0839	149	1213	185	•1587
42	.0104	78	.0476	114	'.0849	150	1223	186	.1598
43	.0114	79	.0487	"5	.0860		I233	187	.1608
44	.0124	80	.0497	116	.0870	152	1244	188	.1618
45	•OI35	81	.0507	117	.0880		1254	189	.1629
46	.0145	82	.0518	118	.0891	154	1264	190	.1639
47	• 0155	83	.0528	119	.0901	155	1275	19I	• I6so
48	.0166	84	.0538	120	.0911	156	1285	192	. 1660
49	.0176	85	•0549	121	.0922	157	1296	193	.1670
5°	.0186	86	•0559	122	.0932	158	1306	194	.1681
	.0197	87	.0569	I23	•0943	159	1316	195	.1691
52	.0207	88	.0580	I24	•0953	160	1327	196	.1702
53	.0217	89	• 0590	125	• 0963	161	1337	197	.1712
54	.0228	9°	.0601	126	.0974	162	1348	I98	•1723
55	.0238		.0611	127	.0984	163	•1358	199	•'733
56	.0248	92	.0621	128	.0994	164	.1368	200	•1743
	.0259 .0269	93 94	.0632 .0642	I29 I30	.1005 .1015	165 166	'1389	201 202	•1754 .1764
59	.0279	95	.0652 I		.1025	167	.1400	203	•1775
60	.0290	96	.0663 1	I32	. 1036	168	.1410	204	•1785
61	.0300	97	.0673	133	.1046	169	. 1420	205	.1796
£2	.0311	98	.0683	'34	•1057	170	.1431	2O6	.. 1806
63	.0321	99	.0694	135	. 1067	171	.1441	207	.1817
64	•0331	IOO	.0704	136	.1077	172	•1452	208	.1827
65	.0342	101	.0714	137	.1088	173	.1462	209	•1837
66	.0352	102	.0725	138	.1098	174.	•1473	210	.1848
67	.0362	I03	•0735	139	.1109	'75	.1483	211	.1858
68	.0372	I04	.0746	140	.1119	176	•M93	212	.1869

HANDY TABLES.

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HANDY TABLES.

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HANDY TABLES.

43

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Pounds per square foot.

Inches of mercury, at 32° Fahr

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HANDY TABLES.

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HANDY TABLES.

XIV. COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS FUELS OF THE UNITED STATES.

	C.	H. 0.	M	-S1.	Mois- ture.	Ash.	Spec. Grav.
	78.6	2.5 1.7	0.8		1.2	14.8	i .45
Rhode Island "	8s 8						ge
		6 o					78
North Carolina **	83. i	7.8		9- *
Welsh "
Maryland Semi-bituminous	80.5	4-5 2.7	i.i		I .7	8-3
	75 8
		Qg 8				J ?
Indiana "		28.0
	62.6	35-5				I .Q	.30
	58 2
		36 6
Kentucky (Cannel ) Bituminous	48.4	48.8				08	•25
							'45
		56 5
		42.6		i .0	1.2	I .2
		41 o
		18 6
California and Oregon Lignite	50.1	3-9 13-7	0.9	i-5	I6.7	13.2	1.32

STATE.	COAL. KIND OF COAL.	Per Cent, of Ash.	THEORETICAL VALUE.
In Heat Units.	In Pounds of Water Evaporated.
		3-49 6.11? 2.90 15.02 6.50 10.77 5-oo 5-6o 9-5o 2-75 2.00 14.80 7.00 5.20 5-6o 5-50 H 6.00 13.98 5-oo 9-25 4-50 4-5° 3-4°	14,199 13,535 14,221 I3>T43 13,368 I3ii55 14,021 14,265 12,324 I4,39i 15,198 13,360 9,326 13,025 I3,"3 12,659 13,588 14,146 13,097 12,226 9,215 I3,562 13,866 12,962 ",55i 20,746	14.70 14.01 . 14.72 13.60 13-84 13.62 14- 5 1 14.76 12.75 14.89 16.76 13-84 9-65 13.48 13-58 13.10 14-38 14.64 I3-56 12.65 9-54 14.04 H-35 13-41 11.96 21.47
U "
H	Cannel
M	Connelsville
« («	Semi-bituminous Stone's Gas
(i	Youghiogheny. ...
	Brown Caking
	Cannel
H
l4
Illinois	Bureau County
H
Indiana	Block Caking
44
Colorado
	ii
Texas	41
	If
ennsy vania

HANDY TABLES.

ANALYSES OF ASH.

	Specific Grav.	Color of Ash.	Silica.	Alum- ina.	Oxide Iron.	Lime.	Mag- nesia.	Loss.	Acids S.&P.
Pennsylvania Anthracite Bituminous Welsh Anthracite	1-559 1-372	Reddish Buff. Gray.	45-6 76.O	42.75 21. OO 44 8	ts	1.41	Q-33 trace	0.48 0.40	2 Q7
			37«	52.0		3-7	1. 1		5.O2
				11.6	5-8		2.6		33 «

48

HANDY TABLES.

XV.

HORSE-POWER PER POUND MEAN PRESSURE.

Diameter of Cylinder. Inches.	SPEED OF PISTON IN FEET PER MINUTE.
100	240	300	350	400	450	500	550	600	650	760
4	.038	.091	.114	• 133	.152	.171	.19	.209	.228	.247	.285
4*	.048	• us	.144	.168	.192	.216	.24	.264	.288	.312	.360
5	.06	• 144	.18	.21	• 24	.27	•30	•33	•36	•39	• 450
5*	.072		.216	.252	.288	• 324	.36	•396	• 432	.468	•540
6	.086 .102	.205 .245	.256 • 307	.299 •391	• 342 • 409	.385 .464-	.428 • 512	.471 •563	:l\l	loi	.64I .800
7	.Il6	.279	-348	.408	.466	• 524		.641	•699	'756	.874
7*	j-j A	.321	.401	.468	•534	.602	.660	•735	.802	.869	.002
8	•IS2	-365	.456	•532	.608	.685	.761	•837	.912	.989	.121
8}	.172	• 413	.516	.602	.688	-774	.86	.946	1.032	.118	.290
9	.192	.462		.674	.770	.866	•963	•°59	1.154	.251	•444
9t	.215	• 5*5	.644	.751	.859	.966	.074	.181	1.288	•395	.610
JO	.238	•571	.714	-833	•952	1.071	.190	•309	1.428	•547	-785
IO.J-	.262	• 63	.787	.919	1.050	1.181	•3T3	•444	1-575	.706	.960
II	.288	.691	.864	I.OOS	1.152	1.296	•44	-584	1.728	.872 .i6o
11*	•314	•754	•943	I.I	1-257	1.414	•572	.729	1.886	•043 -357
12	•342	.820	1.025 1.206	I-I95 1 .407	!'!o8	1.540 i .800	.708	.880	2.050	.222	•564
14	. 4O2 .466	1.119	1.398	1.631	1^864	2-097	2-331	•564	2-797	3.029	3-495
15	•535	1.285	i. 606	1.873	2.131	2.409	2.677	•945	3-212	3-479	4.004
16	.609	1.461	1.827	2.I3I	2-436	2.741	3-°45	3-349	3-654	3-958	4-567
17	• 685	1.643	2.054	2.396	2-739	3.081	3-424	3.766	4.108	4.450 5.135
18	.771	1.849	2.312	2.697	3-083	3-468	3-854	4-239	4.624	5.009 5.780
ig	.859	2.061	2-577	3.006	3-436	3-865	4-295	4.724	5-I54	5-583 i 6.442
20	•952	2.292	2.855	3-331	3.807	4.285	4-759	5-234	5-73i	6.186 ! 7.138
21	.049	2.518	3.148		4.197	4.722	5-247	5-771	6.296	6.820 7.860
22	.152	2.764	3-455	4.031	4.607	5-183	5-759	6-334	6.911	7.486	8.638
23	.259	3.021	3-776	4.405	5-035	5.664	6.294	6.923	7-552	8.181	9.44
24	•370	3.289	4.111	4-797	5-482	6.167	6-853	7.538	8.223	8.908 '10.270.
25	.487	3-569	4-461	5-105	5-948	6.692	7-436	8.179	8923	9.566 11.053
26	.609	3.861	4.826	5.630	6-435	7.239	8.044	8.848	9-652	10.456 12.065
27	•733	4-159	5-199	6.066	6-932	7-799	8.666	9-532	10 399	11.265 12.998
28	.865	4-477	5-596	6.529	7.462	8-395	9-328	10.261	11.193	12.125 13.991
29	.002	4.805	6.006	7.007	8.008	9.009	10.01	II. Oil	12.012	13.013 15.015
3°	.142		6.426	7-497	8.568	9-639	10.71	11.781	12.852	13.923 16.065
3i	.288	5^486	6.865	8.001 '	9.144	10.287	"•43	12-573	13.716	14.866 17.145
32 33	-436 59°	5.846 6.216	7.308 7.770	8.526 9.065	9-744 10.360	10.962 11-655	2.18 2-959	I3-398	14.616 15-54	15.834 18.270 16.835 19.425
34 35	-746 .914	6-59 6-993	8.238 8.742	9.611 10.199	10.984 11.656	12-357	3-73 4-57	15-103 16.027	16.476 17.484	17.849 20.595 18.941 21.855
36	3.084	7.401	9.252	10.794	12.336	13-878	5-42	16.962	18.504	20.046 23.130
	3-253	7.819	9-774	11.403	13.032	14.861	6.29	I7-9I9	19.548	21.177 24 433
38		8.246	10.308	12.026	I3.744	15.462	7.18	18.898	2O.6l6	22.334 25.770
39	3.620	8.648	10.86	12.67	14.48	16.29	8.1	19-91	21.62	23-53 27.150
40 41	3.808 4.002	9.139 9.604	11.424 12.006	13-328 14.007	15-232 16.008	17.136 18.009	19.04 20.00	20.944 22.011	22.848 24.012	24.752 128.560 26.013 30,015
42	4.198	10.065	12.594	14.693	16.792	18.901	20.99	23-089	25.188	27.287	31-485
43	4.40	10.56	13.20		17.6	19.8	22.00	24.2	26.4	28.6	33-00
44	4.606	11.046 13.818	16.121	18.424	20.727	23.03	25-333	27.636	29.939	34-545
8 47	4.818 5-043 5-256	11.563 14.454 12.086 15.128 12.614 '5-768	16.863 17.626 18.396	19.272 20.144 21.024	21.681 22.662 23-652	24.09 25.18 26.28	27.698 28.908	28.908 30.216 31.536	32-754 34.164	36.135 37.770 39.420
48	5.482	12.846	16.446	19.187	21.928	24.669	27.41	30-151	33 152	35-633	4!.ii5
49	5.7I4	12.913	17.142	19.999	22.856	25-713	28.57	31-427	34.284	37-I41	42.855
5°	5-95°	14.28	17-85	20.825	23.8	26.775	29-75	32-725	35-7	38-675	44-62-5
	6.180	14-832	18.54	21.665	24.76	27-855	30.95	34.045	37.08	40.205	46.425
52 53	6.432 6.684	!5-437 16.041	19.296 20.052	22.512 23-394	25.728 26.736	28.944 30.078	32.16 33-42	35.376 36.762	38.592 40.104	41.808 43-446	48 240 50.130
54	6.940	16.656	20.82	24.29	27.76	31-23	34-7	38-17	41.64	45-ii	5*-°5
	7.198	17-275	21.594	25.193	28.792	32.391	35-99	39 • 589	43-188	46.787	53.985
I	7.462 /•732 8.006	17.909 iS-557 19 214	22.386 23.196 24.018	26.117 27.062 28.021	29 848 30.928 32.024	33-579 34-794 36.027	3sJ:3S 40.03	41.041 42.526 44-033	44-772 46.392 48.036	48.503 50.258 52.039	55.965 57-99 60.045
g	8.284 8.566	19.902 20.558	24.852 25.698	28.964 29.981	33-136 34-264	37-278 38.547	41.42 42.83	47-113	48.704 53.846 51.396 ! 55-679	62.13 64.245

HANDY TABLES.

49

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5	££??	OOOncOl lOt^OM « «_ M 0 | 00£ t>- p.	SSsS	co-S^S	SIH1	s- M
r» 09	&SSS	M •*• « «	^^cT^	^Sco?.	RvSKS	^^82	ci
*? . . .		. •
CO	0000	00 00 00 00	00 OO 00 00	g^£^	^^?<§	rxvo 10 to OOO t^vo VO vovo vo	to
						IO
§	OO N -*•				co w ci ci	oooSv <M W M M	* M
00 £. 10 CO	N O 00 t^	0 O 0 0 CO CO CO CO
CO CO CO CO	CO CO CO CO
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JO '1U30 J3J	M H*!?!? 0 5 O O	sifls	ro ro ro ro o o o o	????	10 O 10 o>o>o>o1	10 O to 1 lift	o

50

HANDY TABLES.

f
1	ll
(/I	M
1	a
f§	M
M
* P
1 *		1
S §	I I			K Jj-M
		CO
^ *N	^1 "***	^f		h CL, «
JV* O		6		< H
II		, "	£
0		P X o
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s!	f	*
1		3
1		H rt t/2
tf		•a <C
1	in	II
rj	5 D
^	H	13
o	M	h
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3	• i H	||
Kj		c§ £
CHANICA					w
*« fa H
;-S					*>
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;^					£ S
*q				(d	QU)
'«s)				H	g <u
1				ez CU	2 ^ ii rt
fvN 1					ll
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1	§

i	REMARKS,
SUPER- HEATING.	•sjiun
~*a
•Suimuj JO 33BJU30J3J
X OJUI unj UJB35S
,t — t = V J3?B^\ mOJJ JB3H
// - J. = H UJB31S taoaj }E3H
p'^S^H
|2g tfl u a Kfc	BOILER.	J, •UJE31S
•«W
RIMETER. TEMPERATURE.	,|7
rt £**
"rt_ '5
CALO WEIGHTS.	v5
Condensing Water. w
•sannssaaa -wvaxg
M •£. H
1

HANDY TABLES.

S

i s

e

I

§

— - V

I1

^1

ION L.

AV PRE

ERAGE ERATU

1VXOJ,

pnj IBJOJ.

l»

uomodojj

•jnoq jad

aoepns

3UIJB3£J JO

•jj -hs J3J

unoq

ajBJ£)

jo jooj

U3JBM.

-paaj

ury

•navaans

-3NU.V3fJ OX

B

TVIHX

nvraj,

feet of Heat- face required aporate one oot of Water.

i to Eva Cubic F

Squ ing-

er Square Foot of eating-surface, per Hour.

•air.jsajd-oreajs JB PUB 'jj

PUB raojj

•J

•ajnssajd | . mBajs JBHJDB JB puB jajBM-paaj jo aam Bjadmaj JBHIDB raojj

•aanssaad-uiBais IBHIDB IB PUB -j Oziz

PUB nioj; }U3[KAinb3

•aanssajd -oiBais jBniDB JB pus aaiBM-paa; ;o aan)

nd of Com- stible.

aanssaad

-tnBais rsnioB JB puB jaiBM-paa; ;o

Per Square Foot of Heating-surface, pe nour.

d o ble

Per

[BniDB ;B pus ciz

•j Oziz ^B paB mojtj ;ud[EAinb3

ajnssajd-uiBajs

IBnjDB JB pUB ' J

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PUB tcoj; jua[BAinbg

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IBOJDB JB PUB • ziz

PUB mojj

raB3js iBmDB je PUB

jo

pUB • J

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•aanssaad-aiBajs

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1

HANDY TABLES.

3

X

alent 12° F. at steam ure.

Eq ro

ctu pr

w o

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as* g£

WS 2a

CO

nm

NI 5- QNV y do

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jo

jo

jo junoui v a^BJOAy

HANDY TABLES.

53

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		•3ai--ds jo atBDS
J H		•d -H 'a		^
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				I
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5 -	M	•IsaqD-mBaig		U
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3 co- Ol		•Jo^BDipai-p33ds		ll $*
5s		moD Snon0!,ooD		K U co t 1 1 !
		•3UJIX		l: 1 i i
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54

HANDY TABLES. VOLTS OR AMPERES.

H « m -* iovO t>oo 01 o M « co •<»•

W

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W

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Sjooo O covo oo w M-vo O <M •<*• t^ o M "">°o O rn « O O wM w M CJ C4^| w rococo^--^--^-^-ioio]

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M 1000 o ro moo O co u->o - -- * -

N -<j-VO 00 O N -^"VO OO O N -1-VO 00 O M "*VO 00 O

t-t W CO -<a-lO CxOO ON O M CO t*- »OVO OQ O^ O w 04 ^t-

Tj-00 P) ^O O --1-00 D tC S 10 0\ fO t-- „ 10 0 -U-00 P)

N •»<• t-^ O c* ^VO OS M ^-VO OO H m»o OO H O1 lOOO

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M«BgS^<S^mS^t^

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M (N "f i^no 00 O> O W CO "^"VO t>>OO O M N ^ IT

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SI/IOA

HANDY TABLES.

55

n

o

, H

X <

ON O 00 OO t t too O O Q M Otor^OOOO t O d co t O too d r^ IH d co t^ Oco codOOO'-'tm.-icsi-idcoco OO O ^ O Oco t d dr^O O tn o d codec in o to O in t « oo co O t r* O •-< d d M

OOnr^nOOino coo O t r^ O coo O d t r» O d to O *« co in inoo d tnOdO OdO OcoO OtOO OdO Od inOd moo d inoo IH 1-1 d d d tococotttmm mo O O «*• r* r^oo oooo OSOOO O O

m oco >- o t co t coco 00 O in to « oo oo co OO « co O m O to O mo d co d ••* t t^ ••* t co co d in r^ t t d O O d in m M moo Oco in M o M tOtOd >•* co in ••* r>. d mr^OO O

1 1^ O coo co M to O ••« co inoo O OdO Od m o d inoo d inoo ••* m<

O w oo enoo rfoo « m co « M ci N N

t^ i^ r^co oooo

xnco 0*^*^00 r^O ^« OQ^O •-• cocnrj-Tj-c^r^^N Ooo r^ r^or-.!-! coo to- eoinmO tooo <o rf »n ^ o O Ooo oo N o « O 00 OOi^M T^m^-Mr-cot^o O Ooo in Jooo ^- o co ? r-

Ni-i MOO« mO Otor^O coc o»H O r^^

-rf N co Ooo O

co J^ M too — moo >-i me MMdddcoeocott

mco O to O co O tnco tnOcoo OOooOOcocoinmm moo oo co oo t O r^o O t**» r^ d oo co i^ to o O O r^ r^»o o OO OO r~**o m O *•* OmoOoo d inr^O tO^O >* ttcod O r^cootco O d tmt

ini-i r^dco d t^t-i inoeor^O tr>-O too O M to O M to oo O d tor^O ti-^M too M too tn moo >-* moo w too >- tr^"-" -rr^O t r>- •i M d d d cococotttintn tno O O r^ t>^ r^oo oooo OOOO O O

O vn M M m O co rj- to CO «r 'I- O co d O CO O d co d

O toco «O O coi^O

d tnoo M

M coo co O co m t^ O i-i t f^ O t r^ O coo n ao ao OOOO O O

tot^i-idO^-di-i Ooo O •-" O rococo CO m M O oo Of^r^ooi-t O *-> Ocoeo^- mo Oco« «co ^ rfrco O co co r^ O OO co O rf r^oo t^O m d oo ^-

COM O I^ '-itoOrt' co O HI O

co t O m M m O too d O O to r^ O coo Od rnr>.o comr^Od tv do O cot^o tt^O tr»M tr^»i ti^O tr^O tr>O coo Q co\ i-icidddtococottttnin ino O O »>• t>i t^oo co oo OOOO O

r^i^^MO O "-1 O tni^Ooo totomr^oo ^T^CO d »ncOM ocomr^o IH co 1-1 tno O 't'co oo I-H d O t^O coo OO^cod r^«nr»dco •-• O m t^i-i Ocou^^rOd rj-tncoo*nO rtmrj-cod OO •-« r» >-> "t moo Ooo

Tt«O d r^-dO « motOO O rf t^ O coo O>-« fl^Od TJ-OOO O d d o O coo O cor^O cor-^o ^r^O •^•r^O cor^o coo O coo O coo M H« M d d eococo^Tf^inm mo O O Is* I** f^oo oooo OOOOO O

in tO OO d CO HH « co O tn d oo O m co f"*» O O t

oooo

OO O O

O O d oo • ^ to 1-1 m O i m O d co m J

t- rococo too co d mOdO oco

MHIMdddCO

r^dO Otor^O tr^O co moo w coo oo *-> to m O O too O co r- O to r^ O coo O coo Ocoo O to 1 1 t tn tn tno O O r- r^ r»co oo co oo OOO

w co m r^ O d m

O O

OOO mtt r» d tn

QOOOOOOOOQQOOQOOOOOOOO O t d r>. d mo co o Q O Oco O tmo Odoo Ooo to r^ m d oo co r>^ o ooo O co«o d r-»on comt

r^toOmO mo too dO O cot^O coo Od tnco O comr^O d to IH tnco dO Ocoo OcoO O too Q coo O COO Ocoo OdO Od tn MMMdddcotocottmin vno O O O t^ r» t^oo oo oo OOOO O

co ^- »r>O t^co O O M d co t tno f^co O O >-• d co t tno r^OO O O M

MMMMMMMMMMddddddddddCOCO

HANDY TABLES.

		M tvO CO COCOeOCOCOCOCOCOO td OCOO tW OCOO f^ CO OlO W l«s \r> r-. r^. to toco M t r^ O co to t tooo co oco O M r» co M co too r~> O O M Oco mtM OO MO omMO O *tO co O O Oco O co O M M co M
	es	r^OO M tooo OM M co to r>. co o M M cotOO f^co o M M cotm M too M ti^O cot^o coo OMO O w moo M tt^-O cor^o coo o MMMMMMcococottttmm too O O r^ t>. r^co oo co o O O O
		Ooo r~ co M M co tO too co o to & M to r^co OCQ r- to r>- o O M M M
	00	M tf^O tr^O coo Ocoo O M moo <-* u-sco M ti^O coo Ocoo O M M M M M M cocococotttioio 100 O O t>» t~» r-«co oo co oo OOO
		tOO M tototomioioioO tOMO O too MOO too O t M O oo 10 o M co r~*« M r^» M t^ M t^« co co to o O to 10 r*>» M co t^» t^- co o O O o t^* t^ r-« m M O OO coco coo M oo cooo M tO r^oo r^o t mco o o M o
	**	O r^ tO CO O M CO tO f*^ O O M CO tOO I^CO O O M M CO t to f->.CO O M _j-r^O coo O c<~o OM IOCT>M ioco i-i ti^-O tf^O coo OM ioco M M M c» M M cocococottttoioioooo r^t^r^cocococo c>OO
		d O oo o t *t t ^f *t ^ to co O M to co O M to co co t^« M vo o co to i-i to oo tOO M oo to r-^MO COM COI^-M Oco OO co to to &co 10 to co O oo I*** to M t^ M 10 O *O M O O co too JS* O 10 co t O oo O O O
«	•	r^ O M co to co O M co to i~-» O O M co t too r^co o O M M co t to O cor^O coo ocor^o^M toco M ioco M tr^O coo Ocoo OM toco- M M M M M M M cococot't'ttommooo r^r>.r^r^cococo OOO
1
~l		OOOOcococococococoOOOOOOOOOOOOaooococococo 10 M r^ O OO coOr^tMOMOMOOMOMOOM coo co t Oco co t M oo tocoO toC tOioO toOM t too O 10 co co 10 r>-oo co oo
^Q x* w	»	toco OM co to r^oo O M M to f^co O M e* cottoo r>-co oo M M O coo O coo O M 10 O M ioco 1—1 t r^ M t f^ O coo O M ioco M ioco M H-I M M M M M cococotttioio 100 O o r>- 1^» r^ r>-oo oo co o^ o O
§i w
1"		OooOMOOOOOOOtMOcootMOooOtMMr^coOmM tM ocooaoo tM Ooo coo M r^o r^Ou->MO>-'t>-i^McoOO M M osr>-iocOMco tOM r>-coocor>iO cotioiotM M to r^r««r>«
f 5	*	M COtOCO O M COlOOCO OM M tiOl^CO OO M M COttOO I^CO O O coo OMO OM toco 1-1 too M t r^ o coo O coo OM tooo M t r» _ _ M M ci Ncococottttotoioooot^r^t^r^oococoooo
x" »
!"1 S X o		MO O ti^r>-r^r^t^t^ r^o MCO too MCO to I^N to co o M t t CO M O O OCO r^O to tO O IO CO CO tOO COM 1-1 MOCO M O COOO O Oco 10 co M OO M f->.M IOM r»MO OM cottcOM O co too O O
w	CO	I-^OM cotor->.oo O M cOtoOco OM c^ cotoo r-»oo OO M M cottoo OMO OM tOCO M tOCO M tr^.O tf^O COO OM tOOM IOCO M tl^ OMI-HMM ^MCOCOcOtttiOioioOOOOr^r^r^.cOCOCOOOO
E-
^		OMCOtMM«WMMWCOMOON^OOMOO'tOOMt-mcOM(0^
		t^r^O COM Oco IOMO O coOO O too O M COCOM O OM commio
	a*	to coOMttor^oOMco mo co o O M co t too t-^ r^. O O M M co OM LOOM ioco M too M t i~^ o coo O coo OM ioco M too >-> t r~» O M M 1-1 M M M cococottttoio 100 o O O t^ r~~ r^co co co o O O
		coo tM r^r^r^r^r^r^r^o CM to co o M to QOOM ocot^Mioo M ttM M M cottoo rococo totiootM o M mo MCO r--Mco O totOtM OCOO COOtOO MOO tOCOO OM M M M OOO O M ttt
		M coior^ao o M ttor^oo o M cotO r^-co O M M cotto i-^co OO OM ioco M toco M tf^O ti^O coO OMO OM toco M tr^-O cor^ O M M M M M M'cococotttiotoioioooo r>-t^r^cococo OOO
		gOOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOOOOOOOOOOOQ IOO IO CM tO CO O M tO MOOMOMOOMOMOOOOCOO co co M o i^o t M co co r-^ o *•*• coco M toco OM M o OI^OM cocot
	O	oo O M ttor^OM M t«or^oo O M cottor^co OO O M M t>oO r-» oo M toco M t r^ M t r^ o coo O f)O O M <oao M moo M t r^ O coo O M M M M M M cococottttoiototoooo r^r^.r-».cococo OOO
	H	M co t too t*»co o O M M co t too r^co o O M M co t too r^co o O

HANDY TABLES. $7

XX.

HIRN'S ANALYSIS.

DATA AND RESULTS.

Test of Steam-engine made by at

Kind of engine Diam. cylinder Length stroke..

Diam. piston-rod Vol. cylinder, crank end Vol. head end.

Vol. clearance, cu. ft., head Clearance in per cent of stroke.

" •• crank " " " ..

Boiler-pressure by gauge Barometer

Boiler-pressure absolute Boiling temp., atmos. pressure . .

Revolutions per hour ... Steam used during run, Ibs

Quality of steam in steam-pipe Quality of steam in steam-chest.

Quality of steam in compression Quality of steam in exhaust. . . .

Weight of condensed steam per hour

Pounds of wet steam per stroke Head Crank. . . .

Temperatures condensed steam

Temperatures condensing water, cold Hot

Pounds of condensing water, per hour Per stroke

SYMBOLS.

To denote different portions of the stroke, the following subscripts are used :

Admission (a); expansion (3); exhaust (c); compression (d).

To denote different events of the stroke, the following sub-numbers are used :

Cut-off (i); release (2); compression, beginning of (3); admission, begin- ning of (o); in exhaust (5).

Quality of steam denoted by X.

Cut-off, crank end per cent of stroke Release, crank end

Cut-off, head end per cent of stroke Release, head end

Compression, crank end per cent of stroke.. . . Lbs. steam per I. H. P

Compression, head end per cent of stroke.. . . " Lbs. steam per brake H. P

I. H. P Brake horse-power

HANDY TABLES.

XX.— {Continued)

DATA AND RESULT?

PER 100 STROKES. Engine. Date

.189

QUANTITIES.	SYMBOL.	FORMULA.	RESULTS
1	•3 2 u
	M G K Q Q*	y0 (Wt. per cu. ft.)
Weight of steam in clearance, Ibs Weight of steam total •>
Heat given to condensing water, B.T.U.
M(XL-\-S)
Heat retained by compression, B.T.U .. External heat steam at cut-off, B.T.U... Internal heat steam at cut-off, B.T.U. .. Cylinder loss during admission, B.T.U. Loss sensible heat during expansion — Internal heat after expansion	Wo + -£o-°.
£+^|
(M -f- M0)(Sl «S"a) ....
Cylinder loss during expansion, B.T.U.
(M+M)S
	H
Internal heat at compression	».	™£
Heat delivered from condenser
Heat carried off in exhaust	If* Q. Q< H' Q* Q B D D'	M(XL& + S6) (per calorimeter) —
Cylinder loss, exhaust, B.T.U ** M M ««
Sensible heat, gain during compression. Internal heat at admission ....
•»«-*-&
Cylinder loss during compression, B.T.U. Heat admitted
Heat discharged and external work. Loss	ffe -f- K-\- total W-t- 778
O — B
Loss	Q -\-Oh-4-O 4- OA

HANDY TABLES.

I UNIVERSITY 1

59

X

1

JO ON

Jo S "•• op' ON M mob io "-• « 06 • Jo *

M « ts o o» m • *o •*• o» H •*• M M o> tooo

O\ • M CO t^

O O «O rr> t t O 1O

10 5 • eo o» i- moo m • N

10 10 lONN

r; 2 » JV8

M . Ov • •

<>

« o

2»S9>

OQ«Of*» «O«NNO«

? 2 «^ «? « Reo "• ¥ od

M O\ • • « O<

S, *

a

•a -a -o

e 1 g

333

s

*o «— •

I x

£

6o

HANDY TABLES.

1

T

HH

X X

(N i M

w 0

35

vo M in

e+

+

<« rt

iifll Sin ° i

-' - - ''

:-

HANDY TABLES.

6l

•§

2:

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"V»

a

x x

Q O

u

i

gSSES	as ss<*,s| «*,£*!;*?*$
*	iQ in 10 * •*• oo o n O M\O • n OO O **) O f^ CO »O SO M OO 55 <*! # <0 W^S I? M lfc ^ *** ^
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62

HANDY TABLES.

1

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X X

joj jaqran^j	^ 5: ~ (	£ 2> £ £ 2	s ^^ ^
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	Weight in pounds of a cubic foot 1 of steam at pressure L. Pounds of steam used hourly, cal- I culated by piston-displacement, f ' ' Mean total pressure during expan- \ sion, pounds per square inch. ) ' ' Ratio of mechanical effect during )	r i^s^i^i^ i •& 111 » i \ i l!^ •§•§«• I i 'SSgl §S§j * g^aat; ;: c^s o •: 5 s8gls|rl i i fed*!**! " 1 'flenK ' i "a^a^lTl1 j	square feet. ) Probably condensation hourly, on ) internal surfaces, pounds. J ' Probable consumption ) Tot£ >• Pereffectiv of steam hourly, pounds) horse-powe

HANDY TABLES.

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CONDENSING		1 Corrected for b > Corrected for clearance. ..	•ession arithm of ratio o pressure, pounds cushion-pressure	i, corrected for t hion, pounds pei effective pressur	ive horse-power. Iculated by pisto ndensed for the ndensed on inter ar<»«	"r 2	r effective horse-
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HANDY TABLES.

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66

HANDY TABLES.

	•330J	U3J3-S jqranN	<& $ ££££££ 8 £ 3 #
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HANDY TABLES.

67

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68

HANDY TABLES.

XXl.--(Conttnue&) CONDENSING ENGINES— JACKETED ( VLINDERS— DRY SATURATED STEAM	POINT OF CUT-OFF.	*	£•„**"£>!» £ ro	NON-CONDENSING ENGINES-UNJACKETED CYLINDERS-STEAM SUPERHEATED SUFFICIENTLY TO PREVENT CONDENSATION.	£H	oc Ovo w N ro •«• tn vo t*» t^OO OO 00 OO OO OO OO
u, o U h O z 1	*	VO vo *-•	0 0 00 Si m CM
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i.l i : i i :' i I ::::::
u		Terminal pressure, pounds per square inch..: (1 Volume of i Ib. of steam, cubic feet. Atmos. pressure (r) (' Mechanical effect of i Ib. of steam, during expansion, foot-lbs. (1 Units of heat condensed for work, per Ib. of steam (j Total heat, British thermal ) Saturated steam (/ units per Ib., above 32°. vSteam superheated to prevent Fah., of steam at pressure (r) \ condensation due to work. ... (I Temperature, Fah., of superheated steam, including 50° of } ,, superheat to prevent condensation due to radiation f Degrees of superheat, Fahrenheit... (^
. rt
• u
iliiili.!
Mean pressure, J cSshJon^ f°r back-Pressure • • • saurr^inch61^ 1 Corrected for back-pressure, cie square mch. ^ Probable effective. . Probable effective horse-power ... f By piston-displacement Pounds of steam I Condensed in jacket hourly. ] Total L Per effective horse-power,

HANDY TABLES. OQ

XXL— (Continued)

NON-CONDENSING ENGINES, UNJACKETED CYLINDERS, STEAM SUPERHEATED SUFFICIENTLY TO PREVENT CONDENSATION.

	j	POINT OF CUT-OFF.
	a	Full								ȣ
	in	Str'ke	H	M	\i	y±	%	H	A
Probable effective horse-power.	(£)	150.6	151 5	148.8	*47 5	150.6	148.8	149.8	I50.I	19
Pounds of steam used j pfL*//	Q	5851	5539	3963	3494	3328	3268	3627	3925	47
hourly, calculated by \ fective piston-displacement. ! j| p	(W)	38.8	36.6	26.6	23-7	22.1	22	24.2	26.1	57

Point of Cut-off.	Pounds of steam hourly.	Effective horse- power.	Pounds of steam hourly, per effective horse-power.
Full stroke.	5883 5582 4°34 3611 3506 3619 4031 4480	177 178.9 180.2 1 88 202.3 228.6 257-3 321.9	33-2 31-2 22.4 i9-3 i7-3 iS-9 iS-7 i3-9

THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW

AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS

WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE.

UtC

LD 21-100m-8,'34

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