wt OR 1¢ ~Y i Sona in the POdLTRY YARD, | we (Kans, Do Ry “FANNY FIELD PRICE, - = = 30 CENTS. ADDRESS, Rt B. MITCHELL. Publisher, | iN 1 icra arcinee STHE® GOlumbtan Subscription Hoey, . BOX 816. CHICAGO, — 3 ILLINOIS, | Receives subscriptions for every ne wspaper published in the fee United States at publishers prices,and, (with few exceptions.) will present to. each yearly subscriber from five to twenty — ne packets of choice Vegetable or Flower Seeds, also : 5 J CHOICE BOOKS, viz: Poultry for Market and Poultry for Prot by. Ran Field. : : C - - Prié¢e 25 cents. Practical Turkey Raismg “- - aa ee et And how to Caponize — e BAG Ses ae All sent free and post ae to every yey ly subscriber ough ee this Agency: Send two cent stamp for particulars and. list. of seeds, that you may select the kind you prefer. Feet, gen de SU sete Neen. All seeds are warranted to be fresh and first-class. R. B. MITCH ELL, Proprietor, or ——AN ELEGANT MONTHLY FOR THE— 1 {Aiimyean Piktis! SIDE; FIFTY CENTS PER YEAR. We will send FREE to every person who sends us Fifty (50) Cents for one year’s subscription to this journal: 5 Packets of choice Vegetable or Flower Seeds..................0cceeeeee cess 25¢c Summit Lawn Illustrated Poultry Book, 100 pages..... TREES AC bah ea ee 25c How to Caponize, by Fanny Field SECS ERER eed SARIN bates Se re tits RN rae 10ec The above Seeds and Books will be sent free and postpaid to everyone subscribing to the above paper for one year. PREMIUMS FOR THE American Bee Journal, PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT $1.00 PER YEAR. 10 Packets choice Vegetable or Flower Seeds.......................-..2-+-.-90€ Pn eeCmMOMIZC My Naty BIC... i... NS oe braoie spe ridec de neriessctnetheors 10¢ pare 5 to RaiseBroilers,for Fifteen Cents, and Where to Sell Them for Sixty Re TMS eA sth cletaln PIRI NaS aah a», b= 2/a70icis sane po glo eats Hoel eca- ciel d ao Niedels loess : 65c The above-named Seeds and Books will be sent free to everyone send- ing $1 for the American Bee Journal, one year. _ COLUMBIAN SUBSCRIPTION AGENCY, Box 816. CHICAGO, ILLS. P. S.—No Premiums for Renewals. GZ G » | HEALTH in the POULTRY YARD, 1 Vw AND ay FANNY ° FIELD. sh ee ey 2% O18 7 ak PRI@E, - = = 30 CENTS. ee a ETL Publisher, | Pee CHICAGO, #ILLINO = _ Copyright, 1886, by R. B. MrrcHELn. ADDRESS, | | ine = Ye eas oh -~ c- = tg me +. 2. :% re i tend that we possess absolute and subrone Anowledge co the causes and cure Ok poultry aiseases ; we do not set 01 na : t , up as authorities ; we only give in a condensed and 07 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD. By FANNY RIPE: CONCERNING THE CAUSES OF DISEASE AMONG POULTRY. Poultry diseases never come by chance. Fowls never ‘‘just happen”’ to have roup, cholera, or any other ill; there is always a cause somewhere, and as it is almost useless to dose sick fowls with medicine while the conditions which produced the disease remain unchanged, the poultry keeper should, in all cases _of sickness among his fowls, first ascertain and remove the cause. One of the chief causes of sickness and death among poultry is filth; it may be in the air, or in the food or drink; but in whatever form filth is taken into the system it is almost certain to cause disease. The germs of some poultry diseases are probably generated by filth, and all cases of sickness among fowls are certainly aggravated by filthy surroundings. Dampness in poultry houses is another cause of many serious diseases. It ~ does not hurt fowls to run about in the rain, provided they have a dry place to go to when they desire shelter; but it does hurt them to roost or be closely con- fined in a house that is ‘‘most always’? damp; and continual dampness in chicken coops kills off more little chicks than any other half-dozen causes com- bined. The poultry raiser who keeps fowls and chicks in damp houses and coops will have to fight roup, canker, colds, cramps, rheumatism, consumption, and many other ills ‘‘ too numerous to mention.’’ Roosting in draughts is another direct cause of disease. Fowls that roost out of doors, where the air strikes them all over alike, rarely ‘‘take cold;’’ it is the current of air that comes through the broken window or crack in the wall and strikes the fowls in a one-sided sort of way, that causes the colds which often develop into more serious ills. Lice are frequently the sole cause of the untimely ‘taking off”? of whole confined to the limits of houses and small yards. It is also one reason why s many brooder-mothered chicks fail up in the legs and die. stronger chickens would resist and overcome. BS Strange fowls often introduce disease into a healthy flock. Many a1 outbreak of Ne or cholera which the poultry-keeper was utterly ata 10s ee for many of the ills that afflict chicken flesh. HOW TO PREVENT DISEASE. Since sickness among poultry is, in the majority of cases, but the nat ra result of carelessness, neglect and general mismanagement, the poultry-kee in good health without swallowing a quarter’s worth of pills or powders. week, better let them die and have done with it. Long Bae in the ca: occasion to refer to the cure part of this book. HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 7 1. Guard against dampness in the poultry houses and chicken coops as you | would against a pestilence. If the place selected for the poultry-house be not well drained naturally, drain it artificially, and always place the coops for little ' chicks on the dryest spot of ground at your command. | 2. See that the poultry-house and chiccken coops are thoroughly ventilated, without exposing the occupants to the danger of sleeping in draughts of air. 3. Keep the poultry-house, the yards and everything about the premises occupied by the fowls, clean. Allow no stagnant water, no decayed or decaying animal or vegetable matter, no filth of any kind anywhere about the premises. Every morning sprinkle some absorbent—dry earth or land plaster—over the droppings under the roost, and as often as once a week remove the droppings from the house. Every spring and fall, and once at least in mid-summer (oftener when poultry diseases are prevalent in your immediate neighborhood), whitewash the inside of the house thoroughly. When contagious disease is present among your flock, or among those of near neighbors, use some disin- fectant daily about the houses, yards, and all places much frequented by the fowls, until all danger is past. One of the best disinfectants is prepared by adding 2 ounces of carbolic acid to three quarts of water. Sprinkle about by means of a common watering pot with a fine nozzle. Another disinfectant is made by dissolving three pounds of copperas in five gallons of water, and then adding half a pint of crude carbolic acid. When the fowls are confined to yards a portion of the yard shonld be spaded or ploughed up every week during warm weather; and even when they — run at large the place where they are in the habit of loafing should be purified, by an occasional spading and an application of lime or ashes. When the fowls roost out of doors in warm weather the droppings should be removed, the ground spaded, and fresh earth thrown on often enough to prevent the intolerabie stench that arises from neglected outdoor roosting ~ places. Chicken coops should be cleaned and whitewashed whenever a new family _ of chicks are moved in, and they must be moved and the droppings scraped - away often enough to prevent foul odors. After each cleaning sprinkle the ground with a handful of air-slaked lime, and then throw on a shovelful of _ sand, gravel, or dry earth before the coop is moved back. 4. Keep fowls and chicks free from lice. 5. Avoid over-crowding. & HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD-—BY FANNY FIELD. ~ Se, ° 6. Feed only fresh, wholesome food, and let it be sufficient in quantity to a keep the fowls in good condition. Semi-starvation and over-feeding should = : alike be avoided. Keep pure water where the fowls can have it at all times. and always keep a supply of gravel, charcoal, and crushed oyster shells, or — lime in some shape, where they can help themselves. 7. Never breed from unhealthy fowls, or from fowls that seem ‘‘weakly like;’? and especially would I advise you to avoid breeding from fowls that e have seemingly recovered from a severe attack of roup. 8. Have some building apart from the general quarters where sick fowls can be confined and treated away from the rest of the flock. After this place has been used for fowls afflicted with any contagious disease it should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. g. When strange fowls are brought upon the premises, no matter if they _ come from the yards of the ‘‘best breeders,’’ keep them apart from the rest of ; the flock until you are sure they are free from disease. 10. When fowls are confined to the limits of the house and a small yard, 23) contrive ‘‘ways and means’’ to makc them scratch for exercise. Keep them — busy. Satan finds mischief for idle fowls as well as for idle human beings. 11. When fowls mope about, eat but little, and act about half-sick without oe any apparent cause, cut down the allowance of food, and once a day, until they — fe are better, give Douglass Mixture, or a few drops of tincture of iron in the drink. Whitewash. Right here seems to be the right place to remark that the value of lime as a preventive is not generally appreciated by poultry-keepers. = And I do not wonder, for not one poultry-keeper in twenty uses it in a way to. 7 make it effective. They whitewash the poultry-house, but the work is not half a done, and for all the good a half-way application of whitewash does the work might about as well be left undone. . Here is a good way to prepare and use whitewash: Fix a half-barrel of ee wash about the thickness of paint; then stir into it three or four pounds of Apply this mixture to every part of the house except the roosting-perches, a : and be sure and put it on and zz with a good brush and plenty of muscle, so- that it will get into all cracks and rough places. When this mixture is | thoroughly used in houses and coops, lice and gape worms will have but a. poor a | chance for their lives. . 48 ae HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY feLD. ft) CONCERNING THE CURE OF POULTRY DJSEASES. Notwithstanding the fact that I am writing a book on poultry diseases, for which I expect you to pay a quarter (for the book, not the diseases), I do not hesitate to tell you that doctoring fowls or chicks gfter they are really ‘‘ down sick ’’ is, generally speaking, rather discouraging work; at least I have found itso. Often it costs more in time and medicine to cure a sick fowl than it is worth after it is cured, and it is my candid opinion that in nine cases out of ten when sickness appears among fowls it would be better for the fowls and cheaper for the owner if the hatchet were used in the first place; but in the tenth case a little ‘‘timely knowledge’’ concerning the symptoms of disease and the proper remedies to be administered will enable the poultry-keeper to save the life of a valuable fowl. When disease appears don’t wait until tomorrow to see if it will ‘‘wear off,”’ but at once search out and remove the cause, and administer the proper reme- dies to the sick fowls before they get beyond all hope of acure. A little care and medicine to-day may cure a fowl that would surely die if neglected until _ to-morrow. ‘Procrastination is the thief of time’’ and the death of sick fowls. Don’t expect to cure every case; if you do you will probably be disap- - pointed. Don’t pin your faith very fast to any of the so-called ‘‘sure cures’’ so exten- sively advertised to cure every poultry ail under the sun. Some of these preparations are good for some things, but most of them are nearly worthless. There is no such thing as a ‘‘cure-all’’ or specific for all poultry diseases. The remedies prescribed in this book are the ones that have proved most successful, and will cure whenever a cure is possible. CHICKEN CHOLERA. Cause.—The disease known as chicken cholera is the most contagious and rapidly fatal of all poultry diseases, and every , year its victims are counted by thousands. It is more dreaded by the poultry raisers of the West and South than all others put together. It attacks turkeys as well as chickens. It is _ caused by a microscopic organism or germ which is taken into the fowl’s system with the food and drink, and possibly by inhalation; anyway that is what the ‘distinguished scientists’’ who have studied up the subject of contagious dis- eases tellus. This germ, or cholera poison, affects the blood first, then the are __ liver, and thus the whole digestive apparatus is affected. Where these germs 10 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY VARD—BY FANNY FIELD. come from in the first place is something that the scientists have not yet to us. Possibly they don’t know, Iam sure I don’t; but I believe they are ge rated by filth in some form, and that when the disease is not brought into a flock by strange fowls the original cause may be found on the premises or those of a near neighbor. nae As an argument against the supposition that the disease is caused by filth, , around will soon be tainted with the disagreeable odor arrising from ine aa mulated droppings. In damp or wet weather the stench around these neglect roosting places is almost unendurable.. Upon this subject A. J. Hill, in h “Treatise on Chicken Cholera,’’ says: ‘‘I have sufficient evidence to wart me in saying that the cause is local. and the free use of disinfectants. All the ‘‘authorities’’ agree upon that ] I have never known a case of chicken cholera among fowls that were : neighbors’ fowls died by dozens hers always escaped, and she attributed immunity from disease solely to the sanitary precautions she always in: upon. Follow the instructions in regard to cleanliness, use of disinfectants which I have given under the heading ‘‘ How to Prevent Disease,’’ an HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 11 Symptoms. The usual symptoms of cholera in fowls are thus described by A.J. Hill: Aug ‘*The fowl has a dejected, sleepy and drooping appearance, and does not plume itself; is very thirsty, gapes often, and sometimes staggers and falls from _ weakness. Comb and wattles lose their natural color, generally turning pale, but sometimes dark. There is diarrhcea, with greenish discharge, or like sulphur and water; afterwards thin and frothy. Prostration ensues, the crop fills with mucous and wind, the breathing is heavy and fast, the eyes close, and in a few hours the fowl dies.”’ : . The symptoms vary somewhat in different fowls, but the peculiar color of the discharge and their frequency always tell the. story. Sometimes fowls will live several days after the diarrhcea commences; then again, fowls that are apparently in good health one day will be dead the next. Ls Cholera contagious? Opinions are divided upon this subject. Eminent poultry breeders who have had experience with the disease claim that it is contagious, and others equally eminent claim that it isnot. The safest way in _ dealing with cholera, is to assume that it is contagious, and act accordingly. If one makes mistakes, it is always best to make them on the right side. Treatment.—We have wrestled with chicken cholera upon several occa- sions. We have bought more than one ‘“‘ Treatise’? upon the subject. We __ have tried a goodly number of the so-called ‘: sure cures’’ for chicken cholera, _ but we have not yet found any cure that can be depended upon to cure in all or even in a. majority of cases, and we don’t believe that anybody else has found one, either. Most of the ‘¢cholera pills,’’ powders, etc., that are recommended as sure to cure chicken cholera are utterly worthless. There is no doubt but people who recommend these remedies do so in good faith, but there is a mis- take somewhere, for the same remedies that they claim to have used successfully failed when tried by others. ‘The cheapest, quickest and best way to deal with chicken cholera when it makes its appearance among a flock is to kill the sick fowls at once, and burn their ‘‘remains,’’ or else bury them very deep with a quantity of quick lime ; then, no matter how much you have already done in the way of cleaning up, havea general and thorough cleaning and disinfecting of houses, yards and all . places where the fowls are in the habit of congregating. After cleaning the | _ house, shut it up as close as possible, put a pound of sulphur in an old iron kettle, pour on a half-pint of alcohol, set it in the house where you can reach it set ~ > 12. HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. from the door, hold your nose with one hand, set fire to the alcohol, shut the _ door and leave. The burning sulphur and alcohol will send off sulphurous acid ‘ gas, which will kill every living thing, invisible germs included. Wherever the sick fowls have left their droppings wet the ground thoroughly with the cop- _ peras and acid disinfecting fluid, and scatter lime freely. Use the disinfectant daily and freely as long as the cholera remains on the premises. To counteract the effects of the cholera germs that may be lurking in the © ; systems of your apparentiy well fowls, give them the carbolic acid, pulverized f charcoal, and Douglas Mixture as recommended under the head of ‘‘ Pre- vention.’’ Nine times out of ten this course of treatment will stamp out the disease at once, and you will lose but few fowls ; but if your first onslaught does not have the desired effect, keep right on with the same method and it will _ finally conquer. If instead of killing the sick fowls you desire to try your hand at doc- toring them, separate them from the well ones and try some of the following remedies : 1. Calomel and blue mass in two grain doses, or four grains of blue mass — i mixed with two grains each of gum camphor and cayenne pepper may be = given twice a day. eo 2. Two drachms of calomel mixed with one quart of corn meal; feed twice — i a day. 3. Powdered chalk, powdered charcoal, gum camphor, assafoetida and ~ pure carbolic acid equal parts ; mix all together and feed in the proportion of — one teaspoonful to every 10 fowls. Give in tne food twice a day. 4. Powdered garlic one ounce, eXtract of rhubarb half an ounce, tincture : of capsicum two drachms, tincture of camphor two drachms, tincture of opium — one drachm, tincture of oil of peppermint three drachms; mix well. Dose: Six drops in a teaspoonful of water, three times a day. 5. Fowler’s solution one ounce, aqua ammonia one-half ounce, water one e gallon; mix. Give this to the fowls to drink. 6. Hyposulphate of soda, half a level teaspoonful in as much water as will om dissolve it. Give once a day for three days. 7- Equal parts of assafcetida, hypophosphate ot saffron and soda ground ‘egether. Mix in soft food in proportion of teaspoontul to every ten fowls. — Aaa * } ‘With all these remedies give Douglass Mixture in the drink, and feed ¢ d r a 5 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. — 13 soft, easily digested food. Don’t use any powerful astringent medicines to check diarrhcea. Such medicines do more harm than good. ROUP. With the single exception of cholera, roup is the most troublesome and offensive, and, if neglected, the most fatal of poultry diseases. It first affects the membranes which lines the nostrils, but when neglected it soon extends to ” just as a neglected the head and throat and finally affects the fowl ‘‘ all over, cold in a human subject often ‘‘ runs into’’ more serious diseases. Roup is con- tagious, and when it once gets a foothold in a neighborhood the fiocks of the most careful poultry-keeper are liable to be attacked, It is most prevalent among adult fowls, but chickens are sometimes attacked. owls not treated generally die in from three to ten days after the flrst symptoms appear, though sometimes a roupy fowl will linger along two or three weeks. Cause.—Roup never comes without a cause, and the chief cause is a neglected cold. Fowls take cold from roosting in draught, confinement in damp houses, undue exposure tocold and wet after being confined to artificially warmed houses, and exposure to cold after the system has been over-stimulated by the injudicious use of cayenne pepper or of ‘‘ egg-foods’’ that are chiefly made of cayenne. Upon this subject Mr. F. C. Sturtevant, of Hartford, Conn., says: ‘I think the over-feeding of cayenne is a prolific cause of roup. Most poultry writers advise feeding a /¢t/e cayenne, and the inexperienced poultry- keepers think if a little is good; more will be better, so they shovel itin. It heats the fowls up, gives them a regular sweat, and then they take cold upon the least exposure to the cold outer air. The same performance is repeated day after day until the fowls have the roup.”’ Prevention.—The preventive measures are obvious. Guard against all the ~ causes mentioned, and if the disease appears among your neighbors’ fowls use the disinfectants and give the carbolic acid, charcoal and Douglass Mixture recommended to prevent cholera. To be sure the disease may gain a foothold among your fowls in spite of your preventive measures, but if it should it will be of a milder type and more easily controlled than when it breaks out among fowls that are kept indamp, filthy houses, in total disregard of all sanitary laws. Concerning this subject the American Poultry Yard says: ‘* The fact that fowls sometimes get along amid filthy surroundings with no attacks from rom» show that this disease and filth are not always inseparably connected. Rew, in 14 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. Ree poultry is like diptheria in the human subject. Before the disease appears ina neighborhood the filthy places and the clean ones are alike exempt, but after a it appears the places having the most filthy surrounding offers it the most con- ’ : ; genial home. MRoup thrives and shows the most malignant form in damp, dirty © fowl-quarters.”’ Symptoms.—The first symptoms of roup are just those of acommon cold— hoarseness, sneezing and a slight discharge from the nostrils. In the second : ; stage of the disease the hoarseness and rattling in the throat is more pro- — é nounced, ‘the fowl shows fever and weakness, eyes inflamed and watery, andthe _ discharge from the nostrils increases, grows yellow and thickens and becomes. ‘ very Offensive as the disease progresses. In the third and last stage the fowl is = 4 weaker, the nostrils are clogged with thick matter, the head swells, one or both eyes are closed, ulcers form in the throat and sometimes around the eyes, the comb turns black and the fowl dies. Treatment.—When the roup appears among a flock, separate the sick from _ the well, and proceed to clean and disinfect the premises as recommended for — cholera, as the disease is communicated from one fowl to another by the dis- charge from the nostrils and eyes, carefully clean the feed troughs and drinking ~ vessels that have been used by the affected fowls. Give the sick fowls a dessert- e spoonful of castor oil at night, and for the next week feed chiefly on cooked oa food with daily doses of the charcoal, Douglass Mixture and acid. Also giveall _ 3 the apparently well fowls one or two doses of the acid, and the charcoal and e Douglass Mixture daily for a week. This course of treatment will usually clear — the roup off your premises in a week. eres For roup in the second stage, give the dose of castor oil, and afterwards x use the ‘German Roup Pills’’ according to directions. These pills will cure ae roup whenever a cure is possible. Besides the pills, give the charcoal and — Douglass Mixture. Examine the throat, and if ulcers have commenced to form ie dust them twice a day with pulverized chlorate of potash. Open the bill and — 4 put a big pinch of the dry powder right where it will do the most Ee Most — i ‘of the fowls so treated will recover. ; s After the disease reaches the third stage the best remedy is the hatchet. Such fowls are not worth fussing with. oF Keep fowls that you are treating for roup in a dry place, and do not return ee to the A until ke are sure mney: are entirely well. oe es \ HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 15 charge from the nostrils and eyes gets into a cut or scratch on the hands, or comes in contact with the eye it will be apt to cause serious inflammation. Is Roup Hereditary ?—Well, I don’t know; perhaps not exactly, but I do know that chicks from fowls that have had the roup do not seem as strong as chicks from healthy stock, and they fall easy victims to the first chicken ail that -comes along. I once had a yard of Partridge Cochins that had the roup badly. Several of the hens died, but I doctored the majority of them through it. The ~ cock was very bad, and as he cost a ten-dollar bill, I naturally fussed over him a good deal; don’t know but I prayed over him; at any rate he finally pulled through and by the first of March seemed as well as ever, so I concluded to breed from him. The chicks hatched all right and seemed strong until the first ; spell of damp weather, then we lost nearly forty out of one hundred and fifty. From that time they dropped off by ones and by twos until October, when we found that we had less than fifty left. We toek extra care of those and they weathered the cold fall rains without exhibiting any symptoms of roup; but we did not dare to sell them for breeders, so we fattened the whole lot for market. In November the roup broke out again among the old stock of P. Cochins, and every fowl that had the disease the year before took it and. would have died of it if we hadn’t killed them before they had time to die. Since that time I have - never bred from a fowl that ever had the roup; it don’t pay. LICE. _ Notwithstanding all that has been said and written about the importance of keeping fowls and chickens free from lice, I firmly believe that nine-tenths of the poultry and poultry-houses in the country are fairly overrun with lice of all sorts and sizes. Each individual poultry raiser seems to think that it is impos- sible for his fowls to be lousy—that all the advice and warnings about lice are meant for some other man. The farmer reads a long article on the subject and says: ‘* Well, that’s good advice for the fellows who have to keep their hens - shut up in a little yard. Hens that are kept cooped up will get lousy. I am glad that we farmers don’t have to keep our hens shut up and fight lice all the time.’? The man who keeps his fowls ‘‘cooped up”’ reads the same article, and says: ‘Well, that’s good advice for the farmers, who keep their hens any- j . how, just as it happens. Hens that take their chances as most farmers’ fowls | do, will get lousy, but we who keep our fowls up in decent houses and yards have no need to fear lice.” And so it goes, each one can see a cord of wood in a his neighbor’s poultry keeping eyes, but he cannot see the smallest chip in his 16 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. own. Let me tell you that fowls and fowl-houses that are not properly cared 4 for will get lousy, no matter where they are or who owns them, and when you read a piece of advice that seems good, better flnd out whether you need it yourself or not before you pass it on to some one else. If the advice were in : solid currency, you wouldn’t be so anxious to pass it on to your neighbor. The | am other day a poultry raiser wanted me to “take a look”’ at his half-grown _ | chickens and see if I could ‘‘make out’’ what ailed them. I ‘took a look,’’ : S and behold! they were literally covered with lice. A more astonished man you — P never saw. ‘‘Why,’’ said he, ‘‘I never once suspected lice. I was afraid that a. something was wrong with my way of feeding.’? Another poultry keeper took me through his poultry-house, bragged (that’s the right word) about his superior ‘methods of caring for poultry, etc., but when I came out I found chicken lice is it on my hands. And more than half the letters I receive about chicken ails indi- cate clearly that lice are at the bottom of the troubles. If a good many of the __ poultry raisers who are hunting remedies for ‘‘ droopy’ chicks and ailing fowls _ a would wage a war of extermination against lice they would save time, money, cS fowls and chicks, and a good deal of useless dosing with drugs. To Provent Lice on Fow/ls.—Attend to the house-cleaning and whitewashing in season, wet the perches with coal oil once a month the year round, and pro- _ a vide some place where your fowls can wallow in dust and ashes to their hearts’ _ content. ; ; To get rid of the pests after they have taken possession of a poultry house and staked out claims on the fowls’ bodies : Catch the fowls and rub coal ; : oil on the heads, under the wings and into the feathers on the under part of the | te body. Then carry every movable thing out of the house and thoroughly white- wash the whole of the inside. If the floor is covered with dry earth, as the floor of every well-regulated poultry-house should be, scrape off the top and 2 carry it somewhere out of the reach of the fowls, and sprinkle on some air- slaked lime and fresh earth. Next, shnt up the house and fumigate with : burning sulphur and alcohol; the fumes will reach and kill any lice that the % 2 whitewash failed to reach. If you have not the alcohol, or dislike to use it, use ae the sulphur alone. While this work of death is going on inside, take boiling | : hot soap-suds and an old broom and clean perches and nest boxes. When they are dry wet the perches with coal oil, and pour some into the cracks of the - boxes. Burn the old nesting, and in the new sprinkle snuff, tobacco, carbolic_ powder or insect powder. Heroic measures of this kind will effectually <° ‘clean “ HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YaRD—BY FANNY FIELD. 17 out’’ lice of any ‘‘ breed ’’—even the obstinate red mites. Open the house and air well before admitting the fowls. Lice on Chicks. —When your little chicks mope arround and act as if they didn’t care much about living anyway, you had better examine for lice. If you find them, dust carbolic powder, insect powder well into the feathers of hen and chicks just before they go to bed. | When chicks throw thcir heads up and back, tumble over backwards, squat down and ‘‘rock’’ themselves back and forth, shake their heads, stretch their necks, and stand with beaks touching the ground, and act as if bewitched gen- erally, examine their heads and you will find large lice or ticks on top of the head, eating their way into the brain. Remove the parasites (a big pin or darning needle is handy to catch these big lice with) and rub the head with a mixture of sweet oil and carbolic acid—two or three drops of the acid to a table- spoonful of the oil. If you have not the acid at hand, use the oil alone, or even pure fresh lard if nothing else be at hand. But itis a good plan for every poultry raiser to keep a bottle of the mixture of acid and oil on hand. To prevent lice on chicks, dust your hens, when they commence sitting, thoroughly with sulphur, carbolic powder, or insect powder, and repeat the per- formance a few days before the chicks are due ; and, as a final precaution, when you take the chicks from the nest just touch their heads with the oil and acid - mixture. _ Never use coal oil or grease of any kind on sitting hens, for it is liable to prevent the eggs from hatching. Keep coal oil and sulphur, lard and sulphur, and clear sulphur away from young chicks; the sulphur is apt to get iu the eyes and injure them, even if it does not cause blindness, and all mixtures of grease and sulphur generally kill lice and chicks together. Clear coal oil may be used on chicks if used sparingly, and no evil results follow, but when there are other remedies that are equally good, and quite safe, it is better to let the coal oil alone. Just so with clear sul- phur ; it may be used and no harm come of it, but it is better to keep on the safe side, Coal oil may be used on half-grown chickens. . GAPES in chicks are caused by the presence of small worms in the windpipe. Some- times the worms are so numerous that they completely fill the windpipe, and the chick dies of suffocation. Where these worms come from in the first place is still one of the ‘‘ unsoived mysteries ;’’ but I have noticed that the gapes occur 18 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD._ most frequently among chicks that are kept in damp, filthy ee fed on sour, sloppy food, and allowed access to impure water. Prevention.—Good food, pure water, strict cleanliness about the coops and runs, Douglass Mixture in the drink and ‘‘Imperial Egg Food’’ in the feed three times a week, will prevent gapes unless the premises where the chicks are kept are already infested with gape worms. Symptoms and Treatment.—The name of the disease sufficiently describes the symptoms. The best remedy is the fumes of burning carbolic acid. Fix a coop or box so that you can shut the chicks in the upper half, and fumigate by putting a few drops of the acid on ared hot shovel, placed in the lower part under the birds. Keep the chicks in the fumes until they are nearly suffocated, but watch closely lest you quite ‘‘choke them to death.’? We have tried this method and cured chicks that seemed almost dead. We have also fumigated with sulphur, with good success. Another good remedy is air-slaked lime. Put the chicks in a box and tie a piece of cheese cloth over the top ; spread the lime over this, and then shake a little, so that the fine lime will sift down among the chicks, but don’t overdo the matter and smother them. If the patients are taken in hand as soon as the gasping and coughing are noticed, a small pill of camphor gum, or a little turpentine (four or five drops mixed with a pint of food), will generally effect a cure. Chicks that die of gapes should be burned or buried deep, with plenty of quick-lime, the coops moved to fresh ground, the old places spaded over and lime scattered freely. When the gapes appear among chicks give the well ones a preventive in the shape of the small camphor pill, or a dose (two or three drops apiece) of coal oil. LEG WEAKNESS. Cause and Symptoms.—True leg weakness, the kind that at first affects the legs only, the health otherwise being good, is almost wholly confined to the large breeds, and is caused by rapid growth, which increases the weight of the body out of proportion to the strength of the legs. The tendency to this ail- ment is increased by lack of bone-forming material in the food. The trouble usually begins when the chickens are between four and flve months old, but sometimes not until later, and in some cases earlier. Cockerels are more liable © to be attacked than pullets. We The first symptom of leg weakness is a shaking or trembling of the legs € Pe te ee Sok eo ce ee Bs ip ee ee ae Sina i RY HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 19 when the chick stands or walks. Sometimes, when chickens come from un- usually vigorous parent stock, they will soon outgrow this shaking without any medical treatment ; but usually the shaking grows worse, until in a short time the chicken squats down a good part of the time, and finally gets unable to walk at all. Generally the appetite remains good, even after the patient can no longer walk. Treatment, to be effectual, should be commenced as soon as the first symip- tom of weakness is shown, for after the chickens once get down on their hocks no amount of treatment will ever bring them up again; at least that has been my experieuce. I have doctored a good many cases of leg weakness, but never yet saved a chick when treatment was put off until after the victim was past walking. The first thing to be looked after is the food; if the chickens have been fed chiefly on corn meal change to bran, shorts, and whole wheat, and feed raw eggs—one egg a day to every two patients. Give milk to drink if you can get it, and give bone meal—a teaspoonful a day to each chicken—in the cooked food. Keep crushed oyster shells or old plaster where they can help themselves. For medicine give Douglass Mixture—about one-half a teaspoonful a day to each chick—in food or drink, and twice a day a half-grain pill of quinine. The patients should show signs of improvement in a week; then give only one pill a day, and as soon as the shaking ceases leave off the pills and eggs, but continue the bone meal—a teaspoonful to a pint of food three or four times a week—and Douglass Mixture, a teaspoonful to a pint of drink once a day, for three or four weeks longer. Continue to feed at least one-third bran and shorts, and always keep lime in some shape by them. It is a great mistake to suppose that only laying hens need lime. If a week of steady treatment fails to benefit the chicks, and they grow worse, it will not pay to fuss with them. Kill them and have done withit. When leg weakness comes on in half-grown chicks of the smaller breeds it is a symptom of constitutional weakness. Give pills and Douglass Mixture as directed fer chicks of larger breeds, until the chicks brace up, then feed the bone meal and mix lime right along, together with a liberal allowance of meat. By this course many can be carried along to maturity. But they should not be kept over for breeders ; market them as soon as they reach a marketable age and condition. | . Chickens that are under treatment for leg weakness should be separated from others, because the stronger ones will fight and crowd them around, and 20 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. _ make recovery more difficult, if not impossible. But do not confine the sick ones to a close coop; they need room to take exercise. Prevention.—Prevent leg weakness in chicks by breeding from healthy ¥ stock and feeding plenty of bone-making material. | . Leg Weakness tn Old Fowl comes from sexual causes. Sometimes it is caused by too high feeding and too little exercise; the fowls getsofatand heavy that they cannot walk or stand without shaking. This form of weakness can . sometimes be cured by cutting down the food, giving the Douglass mixture, bone — 4 meal, and burnt bones, and forcing the fowls to exercise by burying their grain 4 in litter. But the better way is to kill such fowls for the table or market. If a killed at once before the legs give out entirely and the general health is injured - by lack of exercise, they will be just as wholesome eating as though the legs = were all right. : Another form of leg weakness comes from injury to the hock joint, and is caused by jumping from high roosts; the joint is sprained, the sprain neglected, ‘ : and either a weak joint or a stiff joint is usually the result. Preventive measures _ = oy ~ are obvious. To cure, at once put the injured fowl by itself in a coop well lit: - - tered with straw, but without any perch, and beyond feeding let it alone. Nature — 4 will work the cure if the fowl be cared for when first lamed, but if neglected a 4 until the joint is much weakened, or until it has stiffened, no treatment will . restore the joint to its natural condition. Paralysis of the Legs is entirely different from other forms of leg weakness and is brought on by an attack of apoplexy, or by spinal disease, or it may fol- low a severe attack of gout or rheumatism. Probably it sometimes comes from tg causes which we do not understand. It occurs in adult fowls, and the best . remedy is the hatchet. . ; : SCALY LEGS. ae The rough, bunchy, scaly legs on fowls are caused by a minute insect which 3 burrows under the scales. The disease is contagious, and one scaly-legged hen will soon effect the whole flock. If you notice any unnatural roughness on the oa egs and feet attend to it at once. There are several good remedies, but none 1 better than coal oil. Dip the fowls’ legs into the oil and hold them there until eae the oil has time to penetrate beneath the scales and kill the mischief-makers. __ These. applications, with an interval of one or two days between, will gener HEALTH IN THE POULTRY: YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 91 the process by rubbing or scraping them off; just rub the legs carefully every day with melted lard or sweet oil until they are smooth and well again. CHILES are caused by undue exposure to cold and wet. To prevent and cure, keep the chicks confined to the limits of the coop and small run on rainy days, and also on pleasant days until after the sun has dried the ‘‘heft’’ of the dew off the grass. If half fledged chicks get caught out in a heavy shower, turn out as soon as possible and hunt them up. Those that are still able to run after the mother hen will come out all right if you drive them to the coop with the hen. Those that do not seem to have energy enough to keep up with the hen should be taken to the house and kept in a warm place until thoroughly dry and lively again. Chicks so chilled that they are unable to stand may be revived by dipping them into quite warm water, and holding them there until they begin to kick and act as if they were warmed through. Partially dry them with an old soft cloth and keep in a warm place until quite dry ; then give a warm feed, seasoned with pepper, and return to the mother men. CRAMP. When young chicks that have free range go moping round, stagger when they try to walk, and squat down about half the time, they are probably troubled with cramp caused by confinement at nightin damp coops. Preventive measures are obvious. Those affected can often be cured by removing to a dry place, and rubbing the legs daily with coal oil, strong mustard water, or any good stimu- lating liniment. Cramp also occurs among early chicks that are kept in warm, dry houses. In such cases it is caused by lack of exercise. Rub the legs as already recom- mended and force them to exercise by raking small grain or cracked corn into the sand that should cover the floor. COUGH. When fowls cough continually they are suffering from a cold, bronchitis, croup, or tubercular deposit on the lungs ; or else there is some foreign substance lodged in the throat or air passages. Examine the throat and if you find any ob- nis struction remove it if possible; if not, kill the fowl. If you find nothing wrong and the fowl seems all right except the cough, fumigate it with sulphur and wait 99 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. the progress of events But better shut the afflicted ones away frora the oth-~ fowls until you are sure the cough is not a fore-runner of-roup. When the cough does not yield to treatment and continues ‘‘ about so’’ for any length of time it. is probably caused by tubercular deposits, and the hatchet is the best remedy. CANKER. For canker spots in mouth or throat use powdered chlorate of potash, or burnt alum. Give Douglass Mixture daily, and keep the fowls away from the rest of the flock, for canker is contagious, and sometimes precedes an outbreak of roup. CONSTIPATION. Early chicks that are raised wholly indoors are sometimes troubled with constipation. It is caused by lack of green food, lack of gravel or coarse sand to aid in digesting food properly, too much concentrated food and lack of exer- cise. It generally comes on when the chicks are about two weeks old. Give a half teaspoonful castor oil, supply green food and plenty of gravel. Also give pulverized charcoal in the food twice a week, and induce them to scratch as recommended in the treatment for cramp. Later chicks, kept out of doors, are seldom troubled with this disease. Old fowls that are confined to small yards and not properly supplied with green food sometimes suffer from constipation. Give a teaspoonful of castor oil and afterwards supply green food of some kind daily. DIARRHOEA ¢ong young chicks is generally caused by sour, sloppy, uncooked food, impure water, filthy coops, sometimes by exposure to cold and wet, and sometimes by too much green food. The mention of the causes indicates the preventive Measures. Treatment.—Feed cooked rice, wheat bread scalded in milk, give scalded milk to drink, and twice a day, until the chicks show signs of improvement, mix a tablespoonful each of powdered chalk and fine bone meal, and a ‘‘pinch”’ of cayenne with each pint of food. Also give Douglass Mixture freely in the drink. This treatment will generally cure if the patients are taken in hand as soon as the disease appears. But if the diarrhoea is pretty bad before you begin to ‘‘ doctor ’’—discharges of a clayey color, and the chick ‘‘bakes up behind” — give a half-teaspoonful of tincture of rhubarb, and afterwards give twice a day a small pill made of equal parts of cayenne, powdered chalk and rhubarb, wet HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 23 up with spirits of camphor enough to form into shape. Also give the Douglass Mixture and bone meal as before recommended. og Diarrhoea often attacks old fowls that are confined to yards. It is caused -_—__, by too much green food, or by other errors in feeding. Correct the errors in | diet, give a teaspoonful dose of extract of rhubarb, and afterwards two of the pills recommended for chicks twice aday. Give bone meal and Douglass Mix- ture, and feed on well cooked food until they are well. If this course of treat- ment does not benefit the patient within a week, better use the hatchet, for, in _ spite of doctoring, diarrhoea in old fowls often becomes chronic. aa DYSENTERY is a bad form of diarrhoea, and the evacuations are streaked with blood. It usually follows a neglected diarrhoea. Give the castor oil and pills as directed for diarrhoea in old fowls; and twice a day give five drops of laudanum. Cure * doubtful. z CROP BOUND. When a fowl’s crop is hard and swollen and about twice as big as it ought to be, there is something that prevents the food from passing into the stomach. Pour some warm water down the throat and then carefully knead the crop until the contents are softened somewhat; then hold the fowl’s head down and the bill open and work at the crop a few minutes longer. After this performance give a tablespoonful of castor oil and shut the fowl up without food for ten or twelve hours. At the expiration of that time, if the crop be not empty or partly empty, cut it open and remove the contents. Make the cut an inch and a half in the upper part of the crop. Use a small, sharp blade, and take care not to cut across any of the larger blood vessels. After the contents have been re- moved oil your finger and pass it carefully as far as possible down the passages to the stomach, to make sure that the food can in future have the ‘‘right of way.’’ Take two or three stitches in the cut in the crop and two or three more in the cut in the outer skin. If you sew both cuts up together the fowl will ‘‘lean forward’’ rather too much for symmetry. Shut the patient away from other fowls and feed lightly on soft cooked food for a week or so. Give no drink for the first two days after the operation. SORE EYES in chicks are generally caused by the use of sulphur, or sulphur and grease, for lice. The sulphur gets into their eyes, makes them sore, and often causes blind- 24 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. — ness. It will be easier to avoid the cause than to cure the eyes after they once get sore; in fact the only remedy that I shall suggest for a sore-eyed chicken is the hatchet. ; ‘ BREAK DOWN. Sometimes old hens, especially of the larger breeds, become so loaded with fat that they are ‘‘ dreadful baggy like’’ behind, and can hardly walk. This diffi- culty can sometimes be overcome by semi-starvation for awhile, but it is apt to return again as soon as the fowl is placed on regular rations. It is hardly worth while to bother with such hens, for since the only trouble is over-fatness they can be killed and eaten. INFLAMMATION OF OVIDUCT usually occurs in fowls that have been forced, by highly stimulating foods, to their utmost in the way of egg production. The hen is feverish, has a distressed look, and is continually straining as if to lay. Hens affected this way never amount to much afterwards, and the wisest course of treatment is one that will put them out of misery the quickest. EGGS BROKEN IN OVIDUCT. a The only symptoms are the desperate efforts of the hen to rid herself of the wreck. Carefully inject sweet oil or castor oil into the oviduct; in some cases ~ this will cause the expulsion of the broken egg in an hour or so, but the majority © of such accidents prove fatal. - st SOFT-SHELLED EGGS sae are caused by lack of material for egg-shells, and by over-feeding with stimula- ss ting food. The mention of the cause indicates plainly the preventives and remedies. : i : . EGG-BOUND. S Symptoms.—Hen remains on the nest a long time trying to expel the egg x ; ps ‘comes off and walks about with a distressed look, but soon returns to the nest. : ~ If you can see the coming egg take a feather and oil the rent; but if the egg be if not visible give the hen a tablespoonful of castor oil and shut her away from the other fowls. If relief be not obtained in six or eight hours, inject sweet oil or castor oil into the oviduct, taking care not to break the egg. HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 25, => BUMBLE: FOOT * oe "is simnply a lump on the bottom of the foot and is geal caused by jum ping & from a high perch on to the bare hard floor. Sometimes this lump contains , a a: ; if so, it will feel soft and hot, and the fowl tie walk as if it hurt. Cut it RHEUMATISM. 4 2P he symptoms of rheumatism are lameness, stiffness of the legs, and a dis- bs inclination to move. Sometimes the toes are drawn as with cramp. The dis- e a. is caused by confinement to damp houses and cold, swampy runs. Soak 4 g ae am and legs for a few minutes in mustard water (espana of ground ou ith coal oil, or with any aaa liniment. Give ginger and pepper in a te food and rapa Mixture in the aoe Follow this course of treatment A “LAMENESS that i is caused by a sprain or an accident of any kind needs no medical treat- a. x “ment. Put the fowl by itself and let nature do the rest. < vi. 2 * “aise: CHICKEN- POX ranifests itself in the shape os small, scabby sores on the head and face. It contagious, but if attended to in time is not often fatal. Wash the affected daily with carbolic soap suds, give pulverized charcoal and sulphur in the and eae Mixture freely in the drink. If the fowl is not benefited by a The original 96 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. soon afterwards ‘‘go off in a gallopin’ consumption.’’? The chief symptoms are cough and emaciation. There is no cure, and the sooner a consumptive fowl is killed the better for the fowl and her owner. Dark, damp, filthy poultry houses favor the development of the disease. ; BRONCHITIS comes from a neglected cold, and is a sort of half-way disease between a bad cold and consumption. The symptoms are cough, rattling in the throat, and. sometimes a slight\discharge from the nostrils. Like those of roup? Yes; but with a difference; the roupy discharge emits an offensive odor, the discharge caused by a common cold, or by bronchitis, is not offensive. Put the fowl in a dry place, give a dose of castor oil, and afterwards use the German roup pills. LIVER DISEASE. The symptoms of liver disease are laziness and loss of appetite, but as these symptoms also indicate other diseases, it is almost impossible to ascertain whether the liver is affected or not until after the fowl is dead. It is caused by over-feed- ing—generally with highly seasoned food—or by other errors in diet, and lack of sufficient exercise. Preventives are obvious. Cut down the rations, give one grain of calomel every other day for a week, feed onions freely, and give free ; range if possible. APOPLEXY is not a common disease among poultry, but it occasionally appears, and when it — does it usually takes the ‘‘ biggest and best’’ of the flock. It is caused by high feeding in hot weather, and exposure to intense heat. The usual symptoms are drooping wings and a staggering walk. Sometimes the fowl whirls and runs about as if crazy; and sometimes fowls die right off without any symptoms. Fowls that have free range, plenty of shade, and cool water in hot weather, and_ 3 are properly ted, are not troubled with this disease. Apoplexy is a hard matter to cure, for the fowl is generally dead before you notice anything wrong. But if i you see one of your fine fat fowls staggering about as if drunk, give a big dose (a dessert spoonful) of castor oil, and let her fast for twenty-four hours; then feed lightly on cooked food, and keep her quiet for a week. When the fowl is pretty — : near gone before you notice it hold its head under a stream of cold water, or plunge it head first into cold water. If the bird ‘‘ comes to’? and seems relieved, yc Jams 24> Pott HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 27 he physic and shut up in a quiet place ; ; but if no better, open one of the > veins under the wing and let the fowl bleed freely. Stop the bleeding with met burnt alum. WHITE COMB , “filthy quarters. Clean up, correct errors in featine, give sulphur internally, and 44 apply Stoddard’s poultry ointment to the head. BLACK ROT s another disease that is caused by improper food and filthy fowl houses. The peers are black comb and ime of the feet and bo ae you feel like ; ITCH "is another filth disease, and appears in the shape of a rash on the head and body of the fowl. Treat as directed for white comb. FROST, BITES. hould be killed at once. If killed before the feet thaw out and the fowl grows feverish, it will be all right for table use. To prevent frost bites—well, if you live where the mercury goes down in the bulb whenever it happens to think of it fowls that wear small. combs and wattles. OBSCURE DISEASES OF CHICKS. isch It frequently happens that whole broods of chicks that are well fed and cared aes. ¢ : rin every respect, droop, mope around, grow weaker and weaker, and finally sai water or snow ; then anoint daily with sweet oil. A fowl with frozen feet " during the winter, you had better have a comfortable poultry-house, and keep - ‘ pica ists myprent disease. The trouble comes sce lack of a in Oo HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD.- never breed from fowls that are not strong and healthy in every respect. If you breed from fowls whose constitutions have been weakened by disease, or by in- judicious, haphazard in-breeding, the chicks will be a sickly lot that will never pay for the trouble of hatching. INJURIES. The best remedy for serious injuries—broken legs or wings—is the hatchet. WORMS. Fowls whose digestive organs are ‘‘out of order”’ are often troubled with worms. When you notice worms in the evacuations, give each fowl a piece of camphor gum the size of acommon pill ; twelve hours later give a dose of castor oil and for the next two weeks give sulphur and pulverized charcoal in the food two or three times a week. MOULTING is not a disease ; it is a natural process, and the fowls will get along all right if they are well fed and otherwise well cared for. If any seem weak and ailing <‘tone them up”’ with a little Imperial Egg Food two or three times a week. BREAKING SITTING HENS. The desire to sit isn’t a disease either, but it often causes the poultry-keeper lots of trouble. When your hens take a nction to rear a family contrary to your wishes, don’t try any of the old-fashioned, barbarous methods of ‘‘ breaking them up,’’ but the first time you find them on the nest after the cther hens have gone to roost remove them to a roomy coop, give them a lively young rooster for com- pany, and leave them to meditate on the error of their ways. Have a perch in the coop, but nothing that can be used for anest. In three or four days, or a week at most, they will be thoroughly cured of their desire to sit. FEATHER-EATING is a vice engendered by idleness, and it is not often cured by diet or medicine. The only ‘‘sure cure’’ is a bit passed through the mouth aud held in place by a wire passed through or around the comb. The bit is just large enough to pre- vent the criminal from shutting the bill close enough to grasp the feathers, but does not interfere with eating. These bits are patented, and can be beught two for a quarter. As soon as you find a feather eater in your flock, kill her or put a bit in her mouth at once, else she will teach the habit to the whole flock. To prevent fowls from acquiring this habit, keep them busy. N HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. 29 EGG-EATING ‘ is another vice, and I don’t believe it is always caused by a craving for lime and fresh meat. There are several ways by which hens learn to eat their eggs. In cold weather eggs are left in the nest until they freeze and crack open; the hens peck at the cracked eggs, and thus learn that eggs are good to eat. Egg-shells are carelessly thrown to fowls and they devour them for the sake of the lime, and soon learn to peck at the whole eggs. But in most cases I think the cause is simply lack ot exercise ; the fowls are shut in close quarters with nothing in particular to do, they get to scratching about in the nests, the eggs get broken, she pokes her bill in, and the mischief is done; henceforth that hen is an egg- eater until she dies—unless you can break her off the notion. And that is not the worst of it; she will soon teach the trick to the whole flock. The quickest way to get rid of egg-eaters is to watch until you catch the guilty ones, and then cut their heads off. Another method is to shut them up in a coop, feed plenty of lime and raw meat, and leave three or four porcelain nest eggs around; they will try to break these eggs, but finding that they cannot do it they will flnally give up; butit willtake a month of confinement and porcelain eggs to affect acure. Still another way is to fill egg-shells with a mixture of cayenne and mustard and leave them in the nests. The ‘‘philosophy’’ of this is that one mouthful of the prepared eggs will so disgust the hen that she will never break another “real” egg. To keep hens from learning that eggs are good to eat, never throw egg- shells to them, provide nest eggs that won’t freeze, gather the eggs often, make the nests so that they will be dark inside, or so that the eggs will roll out of sight as soon‘as laid, and above all keep your fowls busy when they are con- fined to the limits of the house and a small yard. ««CHIGGERS.”? Our friends who live where chiggers abouud, know how the little wretches penetrate beneath the skin and rear their families there. To cure: add four or five drops of carbolic acid to a tablespoonful of sweet oil and rub on the afflicted places. The acid will kill the chiggers, and the oil will prevent the acid from hurting the fowl. DISEASES OF TURKEYS. _ Young turkeys are liable to chills, cramps, and leg weakness, and old and young are liable to attacks of roup and cholera. Use the same preventive - measures and give the same treatment recommended for chickens. 30 HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD—BY FANNY FIELD. DISEASES OF DUCKS. Before they are fully feathered ducklings are liable to chills if allowed to take to the streams or pond, or paddle about in the cold wet grass. Treat chilled ducklings as you would chilled chicks. Old ducks are almost always healthy. HANDY TO HAVE. It is not necessary for the poultry-keeper to keep a whole drug store on hand, but he ought to keep a supply of sulphur, coal oil, carbolic acid, castor oil, pulverized chlorate of potash, charcoal, roup pills, sweet oil and Douglass Mixture. RECIPE FOR DOUGLASS MIXTURE. To one gallon of soft water add one-half pound of common copperas ; when the copperas is dissolved add one-half ounce of sulphuric acid. Keep corked in a jug. This mixture should be given laying fowls and growing chicks two oi three times a week ; dose, one tablespoonful to a qnart of water. wr Ag 4)*): af we a | =. oy Ne Sake sy oh A z . Me ? hit, hs x ‘ 23 ¥ ‘ viene , i 4 ; eae . . Sao aE } 7 in ¥ M > he a: t N “ . ° @& ° Se ° ° e c ° « . ° 26 re ‘Down ; - | : $ ~ : : 4 . : 2 AU s of Disease Among Poultry : : - : . ; : : E . : . . . ° . e e . . . ° e 22 mption . . : ° * : : . z ring the Cure of Poultry Diseases. : : : 3 . £9749 ing : : ‘Softeheiled ar : 2 : : ; 3 aa : ee . P “2 Sour es 2 ‘ : : 5 eS nmation of Oviduct Tag hts pee es Ra eS Meee POL ee r= A Bg meness Perera, . : a ere . . : . . 1 25 er isease |’. ~ eas 5 : : : - : 3 26 Weakness. ook : ‘ : ; : ; ae PEs Realise i in Old Fowls emg. . : 5 5 : , : : Bed cure Diseases ‘of Chicks . . . 5 ; 3 F Fy ; 27 ysis of the Legs . a Pe 3 eheca ns ‘ : ‘ . 20 . e ° Hd e ° uv © ° . . . 25 e i) (e) Poultry Books For Sa WHITE LEGHORNS. From the Shell to the Ex- hibition Room; 46 pages, price, BROWN LEGHORNS. How to Rear, Mate and Judge them; 48 pages, price - LIGHT BRAHMAS. From the Shell to the Ex- hibition Room; 64 pages, price “ 306 30C HOW TO FEED FOWLS. Treatise on the proper — foods and ways of using them; 48 pages, DOMESTIC WATER FOWL; DUCKS, GEESE AND. SWAN. How >to. Rear and Manage them; 72 pages, price - ; > WYANDOTTE CULTURE. How to Score, how to Select and how to Rear them; 82 pages, price - + = ARTIFICIAL INCUBATION. A book full of in- formation how to construct and run. Incubators; &c.; 46 pages, price = POULTERER’S GUIDE; Or, How to Cure Sick Fowls, price - Z { HOW TO BREED PRIZE PLYMOUTH ROCKS. Price ~ EGG FARM. Price : : Addvess. R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, CHICAGO, IED. 75CG iN le se : - ; E Gow. TO PRESERVE EGGS. A complete description of 3 the best methods known of pad gnet eggs Ws ealwey DD DORES, ; . 28 48 pages, price, - 30¢ HOW TO WIN POULTRY PRIZES. Plain directions ! ee res for mating, rearing and exhibiting prize show fowls, 56 a _—sipages, price, : ° - - - - 380c¢ Ba. THE WYANDOTTES. Their origin, description, Mateing- =... Breeders, Went rapid eapree ead for ee, use, a page, cen). price, 30c bs _ PLYMOUTH ROCKS. How to mate, rear and aude them, Re every one who raises Plymouth Rocks should have this book, “ 47 pages, price, - - - - - - - 30c _ PRICE LIST OF MONARCH Ne AND BROODERS. 0 Incubator, 150 Eggs, Sze; 24x98 ft., weight, boxed, 300 lbs. sani an 300 22x5 Sy ADO) ets 95.00 2 2 ae 600 << ue 3° x64 ‘ ce 6 Or BODE £2 Oe Oa 00 Brooder, 200 Chicks, - - - - - 25.00 oi Brooder, for indoor work, 75 Chicks, - - 8.00 + This latter Brooder, though cheap, is first class in every respect. ; ‘nr Incubators are now put out with single trays. ge LIST OF LATEST IMPROVED INCU- : BATORS AND BROODERS. 100 Eggs Incubator, - $20.00 | 300 Eggs Incubator, - $38.00 20 - - 26.00} 400 ‘* = - 42.00 BROODERS. Capacity. 00 chicks, only - : - § 800 100 ~ = 3 - - 12.00 ‘6 200 6 ‘6 baer prot gis - 15.00 & 400. 66 a i en - 22.00. 66 800 66 66 - - = - 40. 00 Directions for setting up and working accompany each Incubator and Brooder—also directions for feeding and caring for the chicks. < prs: _ Appnsss 'R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, Pee ee CHICAGO. This little instrument is for marking chicks and gy fowls, in the web of the foot, which enables you 2 to recognize your birds at a glance itis also ne- x cessary to mark the different hatches. By its use gn aS: you are able to keep trace of all the birds hatched. 4% It is also a good detective for the chicken thief. \& Sf —. Price, 60 cents per pair, or 32 cents single. & eter size for fowls, small size for chicks, @® #8 =-R. B. MITCHELL, Poultry Supplies, Chicago, Ill. 3999999999: POULTRY NETTING. Qa (extra choice, Mitchell’ s) 4003S 8 8 Black Cochinse s veces. we ee eee ee 3.00] 2.00 ~ oO Winte (Coehins:< 2. 36 sepa oe oe 3.00) 2.00 10 Bulle Cochise 6 eae foe ee 3.00} 2.00 ld Partnidee Cochins, 22... ..) =. ane ce 3.00] 2.00 12>Silver spangled bia buras.6 05. see ace 2.00} 2.00 13) Bilgek Eiamanreae ane a cen ste ee ee 2.00} 2.00 lt PLO aie yes as ek ee enc ha ee eee ys 3 3.00, 2.00 = 15 White WGrested "black Polishiys- sau 2.5 3.00] 2.00 16 White Crested White Polish...:..0..... 3.00] 2.00 17 Siiver( Bearded Polish 4.0.5.2 see 8.00} 2.00 18 Golden Bearded: EGlisn: 9.3.00. ¢. 605. <5 3.00] 2.00)- 19 White Faced Black Spanish............ 3.00} 2.00 DO OIAGK sOVAS “ce wes cee oie eis Shakes 3.00} 3.00] Ol Magticd lavas. io ees Seep igs 3.00] 2.00 OPLUNN Va OLtES 7s, feet eee Scie teaeee ei 3.00} 2.00} - Bo VaMeSNONS 2... yi. <.geetounee Comets Soe 3.00] 2.00 24 White Wyandottes Bh PE Spas SE cae ee 32 O0l8 ee ‘ 25 White Plymouth Rocks.. Ee ie sas SOO ot oye 26 Black B. Red Game antes Ree er ee 2 OOM AG os 27 Golden Sebright Bantams.............. 200) ee Jo: lapamese Davita :.Jnnc ss wes ere ee: ms 3: 0O0lF 29 Bronze Turkeys, 60 1b. to the pair....... Eggs} 50icents|each. 30 Bronze Turkeys, 50 lb. to the pair....... Eggs 40|cents | each. 31 Pekin Ducks (9 eggs BBE sitting) Beers 2.00) 1.50 wis ‘q UUINJOS WeYI SYSTYD poos jo s9quinu 19}v9I3 v MOY} [[IM Pu ‘axed DA0UI YIM Po}0E9S 1903s ysaq INO WO 91v D UUIN]OO UI Sprig “Y UUINTOD UBY3 SYIIYS poos s10W MoIY] [IM pue ‘paxreu ATUDAD JOULE Iv “4904s Jsoq INO Woy d1e g UUINJOO UI splIg ‘syuiod pue ssuryieur ur yo ore ynq ‘suo pastud ysoys1y pur ysoq ADA ano se 1903S UTES 94} WOT o1e YW UUIN]OO Ul Sp1Ig ae ea 00°¢ e@ewes 00° SLI00°G riven oe wee 00'S 00°9 OO" Ri Oars te isa ant aioe 6% ipa ee mc ee eee oc ROP ee eeelecoee “-*l0Q°9 00'S TE See" 100787100; OF VOC Pee So ep eerie ong "se" ***-suragueg osouvdel 12 AE Oe hatin iw nal aa | peo “***"109'°CTIO0'SLI00'6 mretetees lan otigg'g "9 “*surejueg JYS1Iqag uspjory 9% ecoeeeli cee “s**1Q9'e 00°F see ee "*** "100° GTI00' STI00°6 «8 eee "*** 199° OT100'S 00°9 suIvURK oUIeD pay “g YorTg CZ ceeeele oo rslecece 00'S 00°F ce reels ec cue 00° ST 00°ST100°6 reeecele seus 00° 0100'S 00°9 suZjueg OUT MA quioy 380% iva sieie oral ve 6 610 00°S \00°F “l229 "100° CT 100 STl00°6 “7 1=55 lag OTla9'S l00°9 pe Sac esses Tees sumUSsUeT Ge ae erslecvoe 00°¢ 00°F T=" "100" ST100' STloo aril’ °° 17° * 100° ST100OTI00°3 ee Gees: a MeO DTTBAAN CS. sleet cee 00°S l00°F "1": l09°eTl00 ctloo-anll’ {7 loo-etloo orlo0's reeseeeeees vcpael pao, 12: Bievetets lls 6! oars 00°¢ 00°F eevee "*"""100' STIOO CLi0O etl °° 1° °° 00ST100 OT100'8 Bieta mapa ep! 27h org 0G. teasfess {00/8 [00°F ]00°S |" *")""**"100°ST/00°BT/00"6 ||" **"}.**'/00:0T|00'8 |00°9 |ustueds ypeTg pooeg aM GL eoeerleone 00'S 00°F 00°2 ccc esle oc ce 00° ST 00°ST 00°6 soe rele oes 00° OT 00°8 00°9 . ** "YsI[Og pepieag uapjor) SL. eeeee "e"ln0°G 00'F 00°2 eeeee “""* (00° STI00'@Tl00°6 ee eee "=" "100" QT100'°S 00°9 ete Sr Story pepivag IIATIS Hic TILED 2 009 00°F Joos |] ***"}"***"}00°st/o0°etlo0'6 |" ***'1"°**100°0r100°S |00°9 lIystog amy parsary ory OT ee ecerfoccove 00° 00°F sect ele eee 00°8T100°&Tlo9 "st ie Sireters “*** "100" 9100'S 00°9 ystfog yorq poysaiy Sv AA CL Bee les 00'S 00°F 00°2 Pa erslAag C1/00°Tl00°6 mreeete ss "109° QT/00°S 00°9 Bee eee se STOUT FL J ee see "rs "lan°G 00°F 00°2 eee rele oe ee 00° ST100° STlyo"6 Wie: “100 OTI100'S 00°9 ees © Ss So Inq Ue py yorig eL sii..| [0078 10°F [00'€ 1°" **"""*"}00°@t/00°8tl00°6 ||" 7°*'}1°*}00°OT|00"8 |00°9 ||'s8mnqurezy porSueds z9alg SE oeeee 00°& 100°F Qucealeeesian ay 00°ST!00" 2Tl00"6 Oe tS Gina 00°0T|00°S 00°9 vee ** *suTy905 aspuyieg IL vee ce efoe see 00°E 00°F Iron: "***109"°CT100°STl00°6 ce eee “""109°9T100°8 00°9 ree ree €s ce SmOg, Ung OL. eee eele woos 00°e 00°F “™""1""" "100° CTI00°ST100°6 ve "** "109° OT100'S 00°9 Oye rie 13 0 “SOTTO ) OFAN oR secrete o ees 00'S 00°F bere mate “"** 100° STI00°2Tl00°6 coer “*" "109" 0T100'8 00°9 EE eee OUI OOR yortq 8 7 eeeee 00'S 00°F 00°e ee eee "*" "100" STI00°8Tl00"6 eeee "*"""lq9°OL100'S 00°9 Pee ee oe SRO NY yynours]g L. se ees 00° 00°F 00°e Wha ate “*"* "100° ST100' S1100°6 eeee 00°0L100'8 100°9 "7 rae nS Seu eig, yreq i) esee 00° 00°F 00°e po esretiese] leh vibe are 00° I 00° S1l00°6 eeceele ec cee 00°0 00'S 00°9 oe ese Seth pa gy sry] G- Sie fe es, [00:8 |00°F 00°8 |°""""]"***J00°ST00°@tlo0°6 ||°°°""]°7** 100° 0T}00°8 |00°9 |] » — 2s0u ‘susoySor] umorg F eeese """1007°¢ 00°F 00's eee ee “***"100°ST/00' S100 °6 eee velo ovens 00° O1100'8 00°9 318uls ‘suloyso'TyT umolg en "i72}'t5""J00°9 |00'F 00's |]""°**]"***loo'etloo-etloo-e II'°° "17°" loo-otlogg lo0'9 || 1 sour ‘suloysa'] OUYM & ) eeeee Sig: 00° £$100' #$|00° S$ ee eerlo cone 00° {1/00 2100 ° 6% ee ee ee eee 00° 01/00'84/00° 94 qUIOD e1SUIS ‘SUIOYSIT SITY AA T : a | Serie am fe) Vv a|v > | SAITO ‘SHILATYV A . ae _xO ‘aIVA ANO | THE SUMMIT LAWN POULTRY BOOK. VOL, I. NOW READY FOR DELIVERY. _ POs WwW EN See Eo Cia s. See What it Contains. — PAGE. Address, Be Particular About. _-....---- 35 A Confused Gentleman_-_.......-------- 35 Bantams, Golden Sebright..-..-----.---- 80 Bantams, Japanese.-......-_....-------- 78 Bantams, Rose Comb, White----.-..---- 98 Bantams, Black Breasted Red G-_-_------ 81 iBepinners, Rose sel ese Se eee es 9 Bone sie ale aera Ses Se 95 Bones and Shells Calcined-_-._..-.------ 103 BTOOMer Ais: Sesks sae REE Be Bees RS 61 Brahmas. Darko) ee ae See 46-47 Brahmas lioht.s2 8/05. oho. ee ee es 48 Corn, Charred .-....- Seis eo sees Wormshelorss a2 Sook Meee sees 107 Chiare online xs Beech oxiet ca Caen a eo 102 Cihiekeng aeons eee ee ey Ce an eee 23-111 Chickens, How to Feed Young.._-_-.-.- 6-62 Choleraeree 222 ele ye ee Poe Ee ce 7-12 Cholera Preventive and Cure_____---- 13-33 Cochin Cogkesblacks a= sense mae 36 Cochin Hen sBlacks seas Se ees 37 Cochin ;Cock, Bute]: oboe. Sone taso8 CochinsHen,sBuites 22 a6o ee ) Cochins, Partridge =e sao soe 40-41 Cochins | Wihites aoe ee ea Ane ee aS Combs, To Keep from Freezing. -..... 14 Correspondents, Lady... .........-.... 25 Domjniques, American. -.....2.-. 22:22. 64 Ducks Pekinsh eit emia eshte 67 Kop ipaskete coor sek oe ver 67 Hess torsatehin eg. Polish, Golden-Bearded__.------.....-. 20 Roultry: Books ene: so22 ee Bou aes 18- B4 Poultry is King. ..-.-- anes wanes Bo RES _, e4 Poultry-House, Economical.-----...-.271 Poultry-House, Our New...-...-.- 10-85-91 'Poultry-House, Well and Pump..--..-- 14. Poultry: tdell yrs Sa Ne are eee $5 Poultry-Raising .__..._. PPS ENE SE 3 Poultry, To Those Interested in Choice. 2 Poultry-House, Warm-.-..-.-...-...--.-- 51 Prizes at Poultry Shows..._............ 9 Poultry vs. Beef_...-- I ea ce 118 Poultry-House, Night Scene-.----..---- 89 Plymouth Rock, How Originated_.....- 111 Poultry vs. Goid Mining__......--.2-_.- 111 Questions vs. Time._._- Seba cot cseee ees 105 Quails and the Farmer__-____-.-..-._-- 63 Rats in Poultry- House--..-- Acbose Sere D ROOste: sw Ns ee Pape NO ees By ROOts eS ee Pat ot ee OUP key oe eas, Meee eae ear ae eee 13 Roup, One Main Cause of....._-_. alae a berps WOOL, tO: Cover. 2222 see ee ee ee os. eae 104 Shipments ss-2 0 see eee 6 See 22 Summit Lawn, How the Name Origi- nated: 22) fc ae eS Je ee Summit Lawn Poultry Yard, Plan of-.. 2% Sunflower Seed, Russian......-_----.---- 38 Sito a ee ae eka a eee 3-23 Spanish, White-Faced, Black.._-------- 44 Thermometers. 28. ks ee Se 106 Trios and Pairs, Facts About_.-....----102 Tar Paper se tema re SO Noakes §4-95-104 © Turkeys, Bronze Varieties and Numbers..---.-- Mevandottesase sos a ans oe Te eee Wire Netting Wiater, slinieisese 2 402i Siac ee atin THE SUMMIT, LAWN, POULTRY BOOK. ae PRICH, TWENTY ELV ChNTS. AINS. “SS Bes bash PAGE. PaGE. Seakdvertisers, Our... 2...--:---2--------- TEP We Whether Rete ck Fi ae iy el ph ope as v7 _ AGarden-of-Eden Rake---....--.------- Ae Ras Gh oe Oo. ats te ee ee Bee 14 Agents Wanted....-.....--------/------ 74 | Money Orders-.-.---- Si sad See ee 9 American Poultry --..----------------- 59-Gin| Ww Nesteboxes.< oho J. 0 ee 2, 80 American Dominiques--...------------- aa Nettme, Wirest 7-5-2 2-2 ios ee 70 An Office Episode -.-.----...-----------. 82 | Onion Tops for Fowls_-.---.-.------------ 15 Ancient Egyptian Poultry-----.-.---- Aly ae |) Order DIANKALS. dt 2 eee ae se 62 ghts .-... Bit Leiake base noecs 43 | Orders, Duplicating...-.....--.---.----- 10 Bantams,-Black-breasted Red Game-.-.. 62 | Orders, Making! Ont. sie Si Oen se 9 - Bantams, Golden Seabright .......--_--- 63.) Our Advertisers: - 5 22-0 21227) eset 4 Bantams, Japanese ---. ---.. pa ik LA pe Be. | Oyater Shellee 6 lus stale ge ee 70 Best Fowlsfor Farmers ------.--.------ 75 Paper, Var-teltsgsess" 3) oe eee eos 1 Pee eek 2 See Sis Be Wo Pekin Duckie: cc. Ny ea ae 64 Sie oe aoa rae Lie en tee 40 Pip ee hee ee a ae ak een eA Ee ci Ns AR at, ge 3 Plymouth Rocksss.22e ceo e) ess ses ek 3 Plymouth Rocks, Pure bred------------ 86 Bronze Turkeys, Mammoth -_----------- 67 | Polish, White-Crested, White-..----.--- 33 Business Law in Daily Use----.--------- 23 | Polish, White-Crested, Black. ---------- 34 _____ Capons and Caponizing ---.-.--------- 30,31 | Polish, Silver-Bearded------------------ 35 Sa Peeing ee en ein ela ELS 47 | Polish, Golden-Bearded_--------------- 36 _ Chicks, Why So Many Die------.----- $1, 82 | Poor Richard’s Maxims--.-------------- 61 MEECNOION?. 3 = o_o 22a to ~-2-\----------- S5y | LORIE esse eh an. eee ec pai ech ee ah es 4/10 Cholera, Preventive and Cure------.--- "5 | Postage, New Rates of-.---------------- 18 _ Cochins, Black....-.-...-------------%4, 25 | Poultry, American-.--.-------------- 259, 61 > Gochins, Buff -..... ---.. .__ueee ------25, 27 | Poultry, Ancient Egyptian----------- 21, a Bemeeecning, Partridge ..-...--------------<- 98 | Poultry Books..-.:---.-.-----------~---- 2 Smee WIG... - sce. --=----6---- 29 | Poultry Book, the Summit Lawn,1884... 85 ~ Collect on Delivery ......---------------- 9 | Poultry; Beyptiang:/-2 5.222 ---2--22:-=-= 21 mpeomps, Hrozen.-.......-.... Ce PT amee ate 4 | Poultry, English: /_2..-.+--2------ 52, 53 - Dominiques, American ------- pane Le a 5G ||. Poultry, Prenchio. sos 040 2cbe oe 46, 49 - Ducks, Pekin -..... ----- ep ONe, es Nl dle 64 | Poultry-House Improved-.------------- 79 Meee tee baskets... 2) 2-252 2------2----- 72 | Poultry in Literature_....------------ 11, 12 _ Hees from Heypt.-..-...-.------------- 12 | PoultryJelly---.-.-.--.--.-.------------ va See tueed, How to Boil... ..-..--. ---------- 83 | Poultryman, The Successful---.--------- G4 Eegs, How Many in a Sitting?_-...-.---- 84 | Poultryman, The Unsuccessful--------- 74 Re an . 68 | Poultry, Modern Egyptian.----------37, 39 Leen a ie pe P29) Poultry: Raiser, Whe. 2-5-3. - an <= -nae 49 peer SPY NREL! 10 | Poultry-Yard, Supplies for--..----.--70, 7 % g Se eh Ay MO ae Se a Rc che “3 | Poultry, Warmth for----....-----.------ 75 _ English Poultry ..........-.--.-.-.---52, 58 | Poultry, What Work Shall I Get On?... 85 REP TANS << ocn -- ee .- onan Yt ano 2-2 i Price hist of Weosicsciite 2 salah te 68 Express Companies ------ Se a ee {0 ePrice List of Mowls2.. 202 ee ee 69 as wie, Price id, of... ...---5-----+-- 692\— Red:Game: Bantams.) =e ee 62 ReeveeMuwis, Shipping ....2. ...2.:------+---+ 40° eo Remittances e521! 5b a. eRe ee g Meese ronch Poultry .. 5.0... .--+-.-.------- ag: 49. \\ Reportfor 1884_0 2: 2-2-2 ee 93 Seeteozon Combs -.._--..2.--------_----- % | Room Enough at the Top--------------- 76 _ Game Bantams .... _--...--------------- 62 | Roosts .-....---------------------------- %6 _ Golden Seabright Bantams-.-------.----- 68h Rootes. ices oe he ee 7 Peeerass 2... - SEW ia ieee IS Wb eo bey by Ferny eae be a ea) ce ee ete 76. Haambures, Black _..- .-..22-:----------- 44 | Russian Sunflower Seeds--------------- 71 Hamburgs, Silver-Spangled --.--..------ 45 | Seeds, Russian Sunflower--------------- v1 Reet ac Sees Wed PR a ite % | Shakespeare, W.,some Notes by---- 87, 92: SS sR a le B¢ | Shipping’ Meeps cg ess. Sie ea ee 10. How We Commenced -----_----------- 7, 8 | Shipping Fowls--------.---------------- 10. How We Feed Young Chicks--....----- %4 | Spanish, White-faced, Black------------ 54. _ Index to Advertisers .....--------- gies) 8 1 Sunflower: Seeds: 22 62a a ee 71 Invitation to Visitors -_...-------------- "6 | Supplies for the Poultry-Yard------- 70, 73: _ Importantto Our Customers---------- 9, 10 | Tar-felt Paper._..-.-------------------- 71 _ Improved Poultry-House.-------------- worl Testimonials... -.6 52 -etes eee 87, 92: ) Japanese Bantams --.: ------.----------- 58 | The Poultry Raiser_.........-.-------2-- 49 _ Japanese Ege Tester -...-.-------------- 73 | To Our Patrons for 1885-86----.-------- 5, &: MAI ACK Yaa ces owes 51 | Turkeys and Turkey-Raising--------- 65, 66: 50 | Turkeys, Mammoth Bronze-.------------ 67 437 1" NientilatOne sae mec oes se oe sates 14, 15. 55 | Visitors, Invitation to_.----------------- 76. 17 | Warmth for Poultry-------------------- 76: 16 | What Our Patrons Say--------------- 87, 92: 19 | Wire Netting.--------------------------- 70 18 Wran doe eee posse coseeeaeees 20 ELL, Publisher, Chicago. Ul. PRACTICAL TURKEY RAISING. By FANNY EFIELD. PRICE, 25 Cents. Read what this Book Contains: - ALPHABETICAL VonrEnts: PAGE PAGE Architecture, Poultry....... ... 86} Market, Thanksgiving........ 20: Age of breeding stock......... 7| Materia! for the poultry-yard.. 31 About the gobbler ............ 11 | Management of poultry....... 34 Breeding stock, to keep up..... 6| Mills, Wilsons’sbone.......... 30: Breeding stock, get voodes sis 7 | Not a business for everybody... 3 Breeding stock, age of......... 7 | Number to begin with ........ a Breeds, the Henter uileecieea: 8 | Not hard to raise.............. 5 Breeds, which is really the best. 9} Number of hens toone gobbler. 7 Breeds, OWNER Re he ee OU Nests yee ee eee Tt Breeding stock, care of........ 40 | Netting, wife.) os... eee. oo Breeding stock, how keeptame. 10| Nest Eggs.................... 35 Bone-meale soe oe 35 | Overdoing the business....... s Bone-mills os Se eee ee ap: Oyster shells-2. 5.3 eee 35 Capital to begin with. ......... 5| Profit per -head.....: 5.23 4 Care while hatching......... . 8] Prevention better than cure... 27 Care after hatching.......:... #31 Poultry supplies: -.. —Caponizing.................... 35 Charcoal, value of 37 Cause of death of young turkeys 17 _ Capital required to start the BRSEISINICSB, 2 55 si ate cae eiesem os « 28 Seni; .. :- Mdina: sev ortios's £ ‘Effectual remedy for lice. s Eighty-one chicks out of one- hundred eggs with incubator 14 a ean inthe poultry house.. . 82 _ Food for chicksiO.3 £25 05: 16 _ Fowls in confinement pay best. 25 s ee apes Veralcsepokeicsolvie ste ches Usvelwiela ees 45 Oe. Green:food ..../.2... 64: beer S 27 _ Give the girls a chance........ 47 _ How Fanny Field kept 100 Light BPESEANINAS. 2a. foc. e eens 3 A ee Fanny Field raised 840 _ chickens | _ How Fanny Field got 12,480 eggs from 100 hens .. : _ How Fanny Field cleared $4.49 ce ae wm _ | a) = rm | roa ck "Oo i = a. = © i ‘ t : “POULERY fr MARKEP and POULTRY fur PROFIT By FANNY FIELD. PRICE 25 Cents, Read what this Book Contains. ALPHABETICAL CONTENTS: AGE. How to feed and care for ae DUE ICOVS! 8s eee tall 2 ee How to raise green food...... 7 How to feed for eggs in winter 1% How to give fowls exercise....7-26 How many to keep ina flock.. 7 5 | Hatching-houses...... ..... How many chicks to keep in a DEOOD ER: Senki ee ee a How the blacksmith’s wife kept BOW leery cited Ge hejere lore we sv elses 24. How to keep eggs...........-- 20 Incubators ... niin see. Ol ok Incubators, when to start. . ae ee 41 Keeping poultry on a, ay lot 21 Lime, gravel and charcoal. ... 27 Missguided people. z 18 On one acrecan be cleared $100 to $150 by keeping poultry.. 11 Plan of poultry yards........ 4 Plant, NOME. oc sawee cs wp vite Ob Preserving eggs for winter. . . 47 Spring management..... hae 8 Shade during the hot summer months Spring chickens the most profit- o- ee e- sees eeeree~e er oe ADL Bose ai a a a cy is os aaah, Shape 27 Size of poultry-house alegre Brats 22 To farmers’ wives, farmers’ sons and davehters 6... sete 11 Turkey raising’ ....5. ssc wate. 28 17 Variety of food......... ater hae 26 Ventilation, 2: osc cesiee se anasee 40 What breeds pay best ....... 24 Warming the house for eggs... 22 When broilers should be hatched 28 Why so many fai) in eee PI CREN LOWL 5522025 i ee 5| _ broilers. “ . 14 How to manage 2,000 fowls to What brooders are best B cisels, stake 15 . make GGUS VAY. 5 00 sie' 21a orate 19 | When to get ready............ 28 ear | & CHICAGO. ROW TO GAPONIZE, BY FANNY FIELD. Copyright by R. B. MITCHELL, 1886. POULTRY and PET STOCK RAISER CAPONIZING INSTRUMENTS $4.00 PER SET, IN A NEAT CASE. SPREADER. SCALPEL OR KNIFE. ADDRESS R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, a se CHICAGO. V TO CAPONIZE _ FANNY FIELD \ FUL INSTRUCTIONS. PRICE 10 CENTS. R. B. MITCHELL, PUBLISHER, OHICAGO. FOR FIVE CENTS ill send instructions How to Raise Broilers for 15 cents - each and where to sell them for 60 cents. | ress, .——sO#R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, Chicago, CAPONS. What are Capons? ‘They are the male birds of the flock, treated the same as the male animals of the farm are treated io make them grow to a large size. This operation is performed when the males are about three months old. A cock that weighs, when fully matured, ten to twelve pounds, if caponized when three months old, will weigh from fifteen to twenty pounds at maturity. There isa growing demand in this country for capons, and in a few years this will be a distinct branch of industry. The reason why capons are being sought after is, their flesh is so much more juicy and tender than any other bird of the feath- ered tribe. After caponizing, these once fierce and pugilistic — fowls, become docile and do not offer to fight, although fifty are kept in the same pen. Then again, they can be allowed to roam over your garden, and they will do no harm so far as scratching is concerned ; yet at the same time they will pick up the bugs and worms, and thus make themselves useful without doing the damage that ordinary fowls will. _ This changing the cockerels into capons solves another prob- lem, both to the farmer and breeder of fancy stock, and, there- fore, isa great benefit to both in a pecuniary point of view. Chicks usually hatch about half males and half females, and while there is no trouble to use or dispose of the females, there is a difficulty in getting a paying price for the surplus males. With this change or outlet for the males, no farmer or breeder need hesitate longer what to do with them. If capons can be made to weigh from fifteen to twenty pounds, and be juicy and tender, and the demand unlimited, why should not the farmer turn his attention to this matter and raise a flock of one or two hundred, and receive for them from five hundred to one thousand dollars annually. They can be raised as cheap, if not cheaper than pork, are certainly much better eating, and will bring nearly three times __ as much per pound as pork. Then again, this suggests to the farmers of the west that while they can get only from ten totwen- _ ty-five cents per bushel for their corn on the western prairies, or __ 3 | the Peace at least from fifty to seventy-five cents per bushel bat their doors. At the present writing corn in Dakota is worth ‘say fifteen cents per bushel, and in Chicago it is worth forty-two 3 cents per bushel, and at these prices in Chicago it will not pay to ship from Dakota. What is the farmer to do with it? He sees no outlet for his corn only in feeding and making it into ct, and when the pork arrives in Chicago it brings six cents : = per pound dressed. Now, asit takes one Gale of corn to make _ ten pounds of pork, the pork would cost one and a half cents a per pound in Dakota, and is worth in Chicago six cents per a4 Bien, less the freight, while at the same time one bushel of - corn will make at the very least six pounds of choice capon meat, : 2 worth twenty cents per pound in Chicago. The value of corn fed to the capons is the same, only fifteen cents, while the re- pater this one bushel are $1.20. . Then again it costs nearly 40 per cent. more to get ten pounds $4 of pork to Chicago than it does six pounds of capon. But call - the freight on each product the same, and the result is you get just double the price for your corn by feeding it to poultry. 4 But some will say: Suppose all of us farmers go to raising espns, won’t the markets be overstocked and reduce the prices, so there will be no profit in the business P We say emphatically, a 2 no. People do not all think alike, and even :f they should incline s that way it would take at least twenty years to get some of them to make up their minds whether or not they would like the busi- ness. However, in every land there are some wide-awake people y _who catch on to an idea when one is fired at them, and they are _ the ones for whom this article is intended. _ We do not expect that all the farmers will heed these lines, 2 but the young and enterprising ones, who take a fancy to poultry raising, and who can see where money is to be made, as well as i. to anticipate the wants of the coming generation, are the ones that will take up the ewe and at once enter into a business that e will bring them a profit, and secure for them a pleasant vccu- ion and future independence. ae sp 2 Artificial Incubation — TREATS ON Heat Regulators. Rules for running an Incubator. Egg Turners. Incubation. Egg Drawers. Keg Tester. ! Incubators. Standard Moisture Gauge. = S Plans for constructing Hot Air Incuba- | Brooders. tors. Feeding and Oare of Little Chicks. Hos Air Moisture Apparatus. Business Notes. Hot Air Incubators (continued). Testimonials. Wails of Incubators. Latest Improvements. Plans for circulating Hot Water Incuba- | Price of Lamp Incubators and Pupplign, tors. Bone Mills. Hot Water Moisture Apparatus. The above book should bein every family in America who keeps poultry. It is very interesting and instructing and contains much valuable information that oe you can get from no othersoarce. Itis written by an ezperienced poultryman who knows what he is talking about. PRICE SO CENTS. Stamps taken. oD. MICHELS Publicher, Treatise Game Cock — Breeding, Rearing, Training, Feeding, Trimming, Heeling, Handling, Diseases and their Treatment, Gafis, ae TOGETHER WITH RULES OF THE Pr. 4% CONTENTS. election of Breedeérc.........2eee0: =: 5 { Preparing for Exhibition ............. 13 ae of Breeders Re hanes Paral Bok 5 | Preparing forthe Pit ....... picts ee 14 BreedingInandIn ...........--.---- 6 | GaffsorSpurs........ RSs eae aes 17 : Breedingto Feather .............-.-.. 8 | Trimming.......--......sceeeees eee + - 92 a Breedingforthe Pit ..............--: 9 | Heeling.... seisle he > osene ieee eee x Rearing ena sos ae Re ere 10 |< Handling yc -scc. ey een sec se ceeeeee 23 a DWDM eee ky ee ws cious owe ...-. 11 | Bules of ihe Pit soi ee ee ante 94 : How to Keep Order........... Se aleiaces 12 | Diseases and their Cure .............- 31 : Walks... eeeoesese eet esee eee eee 13 3 B PRICE 25 CENTS. wove RBMMICHELL, Publisher, CHICAGO, ILL. SECTION I—The General Manage- ment of Domestic Poultry with a View to Profit. 3 _ Cuap. I—Houses and Runs; and the Ap- - pliances necessary to keeping Poultry es with Success. _ Cwap. I1—On the System of Operations _-—s andi the Selection of Stock. ~* — Cxap. Ii1—The Feeding and General Man- -——_— agement of Adult Fowls. Cuar. [V—Incubation Cuap. V—The Rearing and Fattening of _ Chickens. Cuar. VI—Diseases of Poultry. SECTION II—The Breeding and Ex- hibition of Prize Poultry. CuHap. -VII—Yards and Accommodation __ adapted for Breeding Prize Poultry. Cuap. VIII—On the Scientific Principles ___of Breeding, and the Effects of Crossing. _ Cuap. IX—On the Practical Selection and ' Care of ot and the Rearing __ of Chickens for Exhibition. Cuap. X—On ‘Condition,’ and the Pre- _ paration of Fowls for Exhibition: and various other matters connected with __ Shows. SECTION III—Different Breeds of - Fowls; Their Characteristic Points, with Comparison of their Merits and Principal Defects. i- A COMPLETE AND STANDARD GUIDE TO. THE MANAGEMENT OF POULTRY, FOR DOMESTIC USE, THE MARKETS OR EXHIBITION. BEREAUTIBPULLY ILLUSTRATED. BY L. WRIGHT. CONTENTS. Cuap. XJ.—Cochin Chinas or Shanghaes. Cuap. XII—Brahma Pootras. Cuap. XIiI—Malays. Cuap. XIV—Game. Cuap. X V—Dorkings Cuap. XVI—Spanish. Cuap. X VII—Hamburgs, Cuap, X VIII[—Polands. Cuap. XIX—French Breeds. Cuap. XX—Bantams. Cuap. XXI—The “Various” Class. SECTION 1IV—Turkeys, Crnamental. Poultry, and Water-Fowl. eae XXII—Turkeys, Guinea-fowl, Pea-- owl. CuHap. XXIII—Pheasants. Cuar. XXITV—Water-fowl. SECTION V—The Hatching & Rear-- ing of Chickens Artificially. Cuap. XXV—The Incubator and Its Man-- agement. marci XXVI—Rearing Chickens Artifici-- y: SECTION Vi—The Breeding & Man- agement of Poultry upon a large scale. CHap. XXVII—Separate Establishmenis for Rearing Poultry. Poultry on the Farm, Conclusion. PRICE, POSTPAID, $2.00. Sn Dis ON Se ig SG a sa la \. PUBLISHER, CHICAGO. MITCHELL'S MATERIAL FOR THE POULTRI-YARD, GROUND AND CRUSHED OYSTER SHELLS, 10-Tb. packages, per Tb____...- Be 50-ib. packages, per Ipsos 4c 25- ib f pte ce mp te At oer) 100= Ua eae eee 3c. BONE-MEAL, ane 10-ib. packages, per i See ane oe 50- ib packages, per Ibex fee 4lec SOR er ert eee ae £OO= TD? = Sty See ac 4c TAR-FELT PAPER, Put up in rolls of from 250 to 350 square feet, according to thickness. BTICe Per CO Sons Ce oe 2 ee $2.00 GALVANIZED-WIRE NETTING, In rolls 150 feet in length and from 1 to 6 feet in width. Price per 100 square feet, in full rolis : 75¢ oe eee een erect eee cence cece cee ce cere cce ccc nn ees eeee eeu foie square toot, when-rolis are cuts 00 ee FR lhe RUSSIAN SUNFLOWER SEED, : hackage by. malls prepaid 2 30 i 8 Shee 2. ee ee 25c EGG BASKETS, J pack one or two sittings, per dozen) 22. a2 ies ee Se il ir $0 90 “ Ghree tO Tive Ses et hee ee ae ee ee 1 00 POULTRY BOOKS, Any Book on Poultry mailed on receipt of publishers’ pricc. POULTRY JELLY. Cures Scaly Legs and Frozen Combs. o Put up intin.cans. “Price, per cano..- 2. 222. ee JAPANESE EGG TESTERS, Wachiess soe 5 Be ee ae Bee eS ae eee eee 50c 3 R. B. MITCHELL, PUBLISHER, mee. a CHICAGO, ILL; 4 t fi afits af Raising Broilers for Market. | . me “a The business of raising broilers for market is a very profitable one | Parties in Massachusetts, who raise thousands annually, find sale for them ion average of $1.00 each. One man who had been earning from $8 to os $10 a week at his trade took the chicken fever, bought an Incubator and raised 1200 his first season. This spring a Boston merchant wanted a | S good practical poultry keeper to take charge of a chicken farm. He “Pa offered this man $1,000 per year. But the man declined, saying he could get $1,000 for the chickens he could raise in five months, and have the other seven months of the year left free for him to work at his trade. When I saw him he had 1500 chicks for which he was offered 35 cents per pound, eash. Says C. J. Quinby in the Poultry Bulletin: “Any one can with a 100 egg incubator and a brooder raise 350 or 400 chicks for market _ inthe five months, which at $1.00 each would add not a little to their in- come, and not interfere with other business.” There is an enormous demand for incubators in this country and oftentimes they succeed even better. The cost of raising the chicks is . ry small Paeinaned with thehigh prices they always command in the _ Spring. Thiscan easily be proven by actual experiment, and an extract ix By, from the Farm and Garden says that chicks can be raised at the cost of only four cents per pound. FOR FIVE CENTS ill send instructions How to Raise Broilers for 15 cents each and where to sell them for 60 cents. s, __—*R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, Chicago. ‘ x —= POULTRY= 25 CENTS PER YEAR, MONTHLY. - ; > _ emuuamennnsnnnemnnes Simm ante A beautiful book by ge ep Cee ny, OU ET as Si aera a RR “FANNY FIELD" a will be sent free to every person who sends us : 25 cents ior one year’s subscription for tae™ = POULTRY CHUM, viz: Practical Turkey Raising, 25 cents. The Chum one year, and Turkey book, both for 25 = cents. post paid | | _ ADDRESS, | R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, GHIGAGO, - - ~- JLdANOIS. — POULTRY CHUM CLUBBING LIST. ae Se ee Price with. Poultry and Pet Stoc Raiser American Bee Journal...... SE nS te ae wroi dal, oe We eekly «$10.10 0 American Farmer and Poultry Raisers: 20a ae Sau ee crane Monthly 60 American pouey oh itr g oes 8 eee WIE est ates a ee ey ho bt Monthly 1 00 ) Babyland . : Mint oe] Wars chepatde a esins Beate ales inter po Ste Hee eae Monthly 60 Chicago cB) 00 2c bay a Daa aes OR A TOR ENE nee er Weekly i 60 ae 0 Betray TIMGe) ehcp. ems na ci asan vise cee ee ashe ....Weekly 1 0 100 ChicagoInter Ocean . ------... Les yea Sdashices eens Weekly 1 00 He 100 BRICREO UNE Wiss Os ee a toa ke tees Dke ses REG esse ... Weekly 1 90 mie iCcoleman s RULaLAWOrld -. 2.65. Kocc ce tec Seas a aieletels b a ak Weekly 1 00 s ay Country Gentleman. . pt Hee cg R Oates Weekly 250 - 209 Demorest’s Illustrated Monthly PM SLO ae tS Done ten Re sae 2 00 00 Detroit Free Press ZA apa Meng ek Saeee Bars Meas sagt Poe Weekly 1 00 09 ,Drainage and Farm Jourmal...........--..... eo ae Monthly 1 00 95 FarmJournal ....... NU NS Ae Wn aes Dy: 45 00 Farm, Field and Stockman . Weekly 1 00 10 Farm Fieid and Stockman, with Seed Premium . Seiiyeiece. Weekly 110 60 Farm and Fireside...... =... ee. ; Semi-Monthly 60 PePLCEr nO FLOMG (5. 5 < clewme ete ue eve eee ut Newer Hes Semi-Monthly 60 25 Frank Leslie’s Budget......... ater cio \ne eeecicentrers ae Monthly 225 25 Farmers’ Review __..--. Are sas at ae et _... Weekly 1 25 WO) Wancier’s Gazette .-) 00. 0s. ee eee eee coe cece ere eee eee: Monthly 1 0 60 Green’s Fruit Grower "28 TACOS SEAS eae ag ee a RE Quarterly 60 Ke Gleanings Te Heo GUMULC: sone sf act ase seeees ees ... Semi-Monthly 1 00 00 Godey’s Lady’s Book...... capa caylee bea SoC Begs ea sre aneaees ieee A Monthly 2 00 50 Good Housekeeping ene DEA Sse aeer eee Bi-Weekly 250 00 Harper’s Young People... MR Ses eine ma wears 2 see at Weekly 00 Housekeeper Ede SEG ee agmee BPA Ls Re a Bere Monthly Rerun War hier eee es. 20 Sho oet Seino ce same Paes mee! . Weekly (60 Kansas Farmer sa... ---- es SN int. ag ae. Eo one weenie see Weekly 69 Ladies’ Home Journal......... ...eeesses eres eeeeeseeces ett tee Monthly 00° NEES IPAIRGL UAV INI@ TS oS wise cole cic bats < o cle nee maid alejere viele Wiss Saw estan Monthly 0. Michigan Farmer ..............-.20----seeeseeens oc ece eens er eneees Weekly New York Sun BCR on, een es, gue Ea Guay MN Ue atm pay ae Sen cae Weekly Wew VOrk: World 2S. oe ee ee BP SRE DO, RRS see a Weekly 0 National Stockman and HAEINOE SONS ae hep lO oe peg Rae) cl US bor 60 OrangeJudd Farmer ._....-- ORD tye Hee We nC RRS Sa Weekly Bene eme Marmite eo. eel ee Fe ait Wal Oak SRG a Weekly eet |. s e.g) SeSSasssSsss TOCOCOCOw9O79702 100° “Prairie feet eee OOS Gok wi ee eos Sea Weekly 0 < Practical Farmer ........ ap RRR aaeted Me ares ies Gate 4), eee WE EEN 0 2 00 BEEN VOTKEY bs fh. ve caus. S onc caat ens, weap sinion coma, trig Weekly 20 (¢€0 Southern Cultivator . SOA ESI LRN opined Wate a erm eee tee Monthly 0 ‘Texas Farm and Ranch . Dea ee he dr NAR Re et SSS erie ee lLabiny: t Meebotedo-Binde. 2. .icccel ws. eee lhe pe. eekly 0 09 Toronto Globe ..........- } Vicks Magazine . 3 .+++ee-s--Monthly 0 Western Rural and American Stockman. i heh Shia eh eee Weekly n addition to the above we can furnish you any paper in 1 ited cee Address, R Bb MIT Cree. Fhe be hk EAD fet ee ee ee RD os Publisher, CHICAGO, es x Ez S NESTS HENS ESti Full directions with drawings how to make Hens’ Nests so the Fowls will not eat their Eggs. Price 25 Cents. | ADDRESS R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, CHICAGO. es WILSON’S PATENT GRINDING MILLS. f a For the Poultryman. for the Farmer. For the Gardener. 2 i) No.1. HAND BONE MILL, for grinding Dried Bones, sf By Oyster Shells and all kinds of Grain. Price, weight 35 Ibs., - = $5.00. POULTRY SUPPLIES. To keep fowls at all times in the best condition, you need some of the following articles, which are kept for sale by THE PouLTry RaisER Company, and promptly for- warded on receipt of price. All orders must be accompanied by the cash. Ifyou order goods sent by freight, enclose 50 cents to pay cartage, otherwise they will be sent by express. We prepay chargeson all mailable goods. Heavy articles by express unless ordered by freight. CRUSHED OYSTER SHELLS made from clean, fresh oyster shells, and is as good ascan be produced. Twenty-five ib $1; 50 ib $1.75; 100 td $2.50, Ifto go by freight, add 50 cents to pay cartage. RAW BONE MEAL, made from selected bones, andis very helpful to young as well as to old fowls, asit fur- nishes the material that nature requires as an aid to growth, and thus gives strength and stability to the skeleton of the bird, while it reduces the percentage of weak chicks. It should be mixed with the meal used in proportion of a tablespoonful to twenty fowls. 10 i 60 cts; 15 I 90 cts; 25 th $1.25; 50 Tb $2; 100 Ib $4. : TAR FELT PAPER. This is the best article known for roofs and lining poultry-houses. It prevents ver- min and helps to make the fowls healthy; it increases the warmth of the house and pre- vents dampness. Put upinrollsof from 250 to 850 square feet, according to thickness, Price, $2 per roll. POULTRY JELLY. ‘ This is a preparation we have found to be a sure cure, if used in time, for scaly legs and frozen comb, and the articles that enter into its composition make it more efficient than the ordinary remedies. Price 50c, ROUP PILLS. If obstinate cases of roup appear among your fowls, these pills are what you want and will cure in nearly all cases where cleanliness and care are observed. Fifty pills in a box, 50 cts; 100 pills, 75 cts. , SX NEST EGGS. EGG BASKETS. Sulphur carbolated, - (5c per dozen | One or two sittings, - 90c per dozen Porcelain, - - _- 60c per dozen | Three to five sittings, - 1.00 per dozen Wilson’s hand bone mills, $5. If to be sent as freight, add 50 cents for cartage. TESTED THERMOMETERS for incubators, every one being tested before sent out. If yeu want a reliable thermometer, one on which you can depend, mail us one dollar and it will be mailed to you postage prepaid. : CAPONIZING INSTRUMENTS-—A fine set in a neat case for $4.00 Se E0 nee TESTER+tThe Japanese Egg Tester mailed to any address on receipt of price, cents. = - Address— weve oe. DED DOES ES Gade, Puilsisuer, Cajcago, lilinois — ee Sats To test the egg, hold it hefore the opening, with the thumb and forefinger on opposite sides, to allow the light to pass freely, as shown in the cut. Look through the egg at the sun ora bright light. Turnitfrequently [fthe egg is fertile, you will see, on the fourth or fifth day, a formation similar to that shown ‘in the accompanying cut, which is the first appearance of the chick. / Price. of Hag-Tester. .........-csscsc0e acersee: 50c. . AMERICAN — Giandard of Exell Standard of &xclience. a ‘A Everycody who keeps poultry should have this book. ft describes everg variety of fowls in detail, and it 1s indisoen- sable to those who wish to learn the business. /t teaches you how to mate and score fowls for the shaw room, ete. er PRICE, $1.00. B. MITCHELL, + PUBLISHER, Beicaco "ue. The American Farmer? Poultry Raiser AN ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY FOR EVERYBODY. Issued at Chicago, Lll., on the 18th of each Month. Subscription Terms. 50 cents per year. ADVERTISING RATES. ; DISCOUNTS. On contracts $15 and over 5 per cent On contracts $25 and over 10 per cent Three or more insertions, 17% cents per line Gn contracts $50 and over 15 per cent On contracts $100 and over 25 ‘per cent. The agate line, 14 lines to the inch, Twelve or more insertions, 12 cents per line. | is the basis of measurement. | 2 BEAUTIFUL BOOKS AND HOW 10 GAPONIZE. BY FANNY FIELD. We will send FREE to every person who sends fifty cents for one year’s subscription to Tur AmERIoAN FaRMER AND Pouutry RatseR two invaluable books on poultry raising, and how to caponize viz: Pouitry for Profit and Poultry for Market Price 28 cents, Practical Turkey Raising eS How to Caponize oe These three sent free and postpaid to every one subscribing to this paper for one year. 0 POULTRY RISER CAN AFFORD TOBE WITHOUT THEM SUMMIT LAWN POULTRY BOOK. A most excellent work on poultry raising illustrated, and one that should be in the hands of every breeder of poultry, complete in two volumes of 100 pages each. Two hundred pages of invaluable reading sent free and postpaid toevery person sending 50 cents for one year’s subscription to THz AmMERIOAN FARMER AND PovttrRy Raiser for one year. Address, Ry 5B. MITCHELL, Agent, Chicago, Hl, Single insertion, 20 cents per line. Six or more insertions, 15 cents per line x, 3HE TEU TOMARLO. [ABLE QUEEN” re : Tae “TABLE Qurxzn” Tomato is the largest and heaviest a smooth Tomato ever offered, being as large as the Mikado, _ __ but perfectly smooth and round. r. ae For slicing it is the Tomato “Par excellence” as it is __-wonderfully solid, and contains comparatively few seeds; the color of the ‘‘Table Queen” is a rich shade of crimson, and of a most agreeable acid flavor. This will doubtless @ _ prove to be the most satisfactory Tomato, for private gardens - that has been sent out in many years. Price per packet 20¢, address R. B. MITCELL, 69 Dearborn St., CHICAGO. . Peanut Early Sweet, = — CHILDREN NOW I8 YOUR TIME. os ORDER AT ONCE, Gos ‘This most excellent Peanut is so early it can be grown in any State or in Canada; With us it ripens in August and — produces a good crop; The nuts are small, very compact and heavy with thin shell, and of the sweetest and most delicious quality; Greatly superior to the larger and coarser ones. It makes but little, top and plants can stand 3 to 4 inches apart: . indrills. Itis a most interesting plant to grow North Ww unknown, and will prove a feature particular interest to the children of the family. A light Sandy Soil is best adopted to its growth. Packet 10 cents. rake R. B. MITCHELL, 69 Dearborn St., CHICAGO. —_ where peanut culture is _ WILSONS’ ~ Winier Pine-Apple Muskie THE MOST VALUABLE NOVELTY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY; DELICIOUS MUSKMELONS ALL WINTER. Aside from its great productiveness and superior quality, the most — y valuable recommendation this new melon has is ifs remarkable keeping - qualities. They do not ripen on the vines like other melons, but must be picked before hard frost, carefully laid away in a dry cool room or cellar, where there is no danger of freezing. When wanted for use bring them into a warm room, where they will ripen up and be ready to eatin a few days. We have abundant testimony to show that the Winter Pine- — Apple Muskmelon has been kept solid, sweet and delicious in this way until March and April, retaining their spicy and delicious taste equal to or better than any of the common muskmelons pulled fresh from the vines in Summer; even aiter they have been cut for several days, their pleasant and agreeable flavor will fill a whole room with the most delight- ful fragrance. 25 cents per packet, postage free. Address, R. B. MITCHELL, 69 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. NEW CHRISTMAS WATERMELON, This new watermelon is said to be entirely distinct from any other known variety. The Christmas Watermelon’s valuable keeping qualities are due to a peculiar hard, tenacious coating or outside enameling of the skin. This hard coating also gives them a very handsome and fresh ap-— pearance after being picked. The flesh is a beautiful rich scarlet color, very solid and deliciously sugary and refreshing. The seeds are quite small and a dull white color. They grow to a good size, very uniform in shape and are very productive. Their keeping and shipping properties are superior to any other variety. The originator further says, since the original melon was first discovered in 1884, we have each year enjoyed one of these melons both for a Christmas and New Year’s dinner, which after being kept in our cellar for 3 months, were cut open as fresh, sweet and delicious as when picked from the vines. !Oc per packet, postage free. Address, R. B. MITCHELL, 69 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, Few aes THE LARGEST GF ALL. - CIANT OF COLORADO, i Ih (om ~ Sali GROW TO WEIGH 40 POUNDS. _ The seed of the Giant of Colorado Muskmelon was first E> discovered three years ago by one of our representatives while oe _ traveling in Coloradu; the grower ¢laimed that he had frequent- a ly grown them to weigh fifty pounds and over, and owing to ae their delicious flavor and quality were quite noted and 7 _ much sought after in Denver and other home markets. We have found these claims fully substantiated, and can honestly z recommend them as. the largest and most showy of all : ef muskmelons. Several customers to whom we sent the seed the 7 _ last two seasons report weights of from forty to fifty pounds and many first premiums at State and County Fairs. They are well suited to heavy soils, and grow uniformly as large as : - good-sized watermelons. The flesh is green, melting and sug- Be oe ary, handsome shape and appearance—as an exhibition variety . they are unequaled. [f you want to astonish everybody, in- - 4 elude a packet of Colorado Giant in your order. ee eo Se): ER. eS DATT CHEEL; ) Dearborn Street, — ee CHICAGO. ¢ SWEET MUMMY = CORN. The kernels from which this remarkable variety originated were removed from the body of a mummy by a prominent citizen of Charlestown Mass., while on a visit to Kgypt several. years since, and the stock has remained in the family from that date, who, on account:of its superior qualities, have abandoned the cultivation of all other kinds. The kernels ‘are large, plump and deep, thereby reducing the shell or hull so prominent in most varieties to aminimum. The ears,in many instances, having sixteen to twenty-two rows. Although not - claimed as the earliest, it should class in that section—the ears being the largest of the several early kinds and distinct from all varieties now in cultivation. It has been my good fortune ~ to this season obtain the exclusive control of the stock. which is limited. I, therefore, take great pleasure in introducing it to your notice, feeling confident it will merit and receive the approval of all who give it a trial, and that they will coincide with those who have testedits splendid qualities in pronounc. ing it the most delicious, meaty and sweetest of allcorns ithas ever been their good fortune to possess. 25 cents per Packet, postage free. R. B. 7X ITG Hi E ; Hig ER oF Ske CHICAGO. as ee a OF ALSO 5 os gece meee tiellata ever, at lowest prices. oe cn writing inclose 2 cent stamp to insure reply. If goods are ordered no Se stamp need be sent. ss PRICE 25 CTS. «PER _ PACKAGE. - HEALTH IN THE POULTRY YARD, —_ AN DP — HOW T0 CURE SICK FOWLS RB 2 pg aes FANNY FIELD. FANNY FIELD is acknowledged the world over as the best authority on Poultry and Poultry Raising. She goes into her yards in person, and thereby gains the exact knowledge which everyone ought to have in order to raise Poultry successfully. Read the contents of her book and then order at once. .. PRICE, - - 30 CENTS. ADDRESS, R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher, CHICAGO,.°- = ILLINOIS: J slexy. . ° ° . ° . ° ° c ° © og NL Oa . ck Rot . e e . ° ° ° e . e . Be king Sitting IIens : : ° MN - ao, ela 28 ncerning the Cure of Poultry Diseases iegers : 2 : t : : f z : : Z ; 29 Ke) mtecy . : : eases of Turkeys . : ; ; : i ; : : : ahs se: eases of Ducks . . : ; : eens p : 3 : 30 aS Mixture. Eko y is ; : ; : : : 30 o po . e . . — Soft-shelled : ap tee ‘ : p : : : : 2 oe ° ° . e ° e ° ° ° . J ° ay . s s ° o ° ° . es . ° ° 23 ast . ° e . . e e ° ° . ° 27 . oe . e e e ° s . ° . . 28 . *. « . J s e ° e o ° . 8 x 2 gees : & , y at ; ~ Pe we ¥ Bay ~ * Wee ot ¢ ; _ ‘ ; aed = .% ae Pd 3 ¥ uv ¢ teks > ; e ‘ ays i oe 5 ie f ay, i ‘ <2 eS ~ ee oak ti \ Jo 65 On, SS ee The Kine ef Breeders. A Brooder is as necessary to bring up your young chicks as an Incu- bator is to hatch them. Healthy young chicks are smart, active little creatures, and very much like to help themselves. As soon as they are twelve hours old they will commence to pick and thrive and grow if brought up in a first-class Brooder faster than as though they run with the hen. Young Chicks requiré a temperature of ninety degrees in order for them to thrive and keep in health. Give them this temperature and_ plenty to eat and drink and they are the happiest little things you ever saw. If young chicks once get chilled it is almost sure death to them. The King of Brooders is just what you want for their Health, Comfort and growth. . | The Water Tank in this Brooder serves the same purpose for chicks as a stove does in our parlors to keep ourselves warm, and the chicks soon learn to draw near to or retreat from as their instincts demands. If a Brooder is so constructed that the chicks can huddle or crowd together you will surely lose them. The lack of warmth is what causes them to huddle. This Brooder is so arranged that the chicks cannot huddle; the heat — surface being so great and evenly distributed that they have no desire to gather in groups, but will lay flat down on the bottom of the Brooder and sleep like a child. The King of Brooders is the lowest priced of any one on the market, and in fact the price is so low as to leave very little margin for the man- ufacturer. On the top of this Brooder is a large pane of glass which gives plenty of light, while at the same time you can see every chick in the Brooder™ without Opening it. This Brooder contains a hot water tank, and is heated by a kerosene lamp beneath. It isso arranged that the chicks can seek the temperature ies most desire. If they aretoo warm they will retreat from the tank, and if not warm enough they will come near it. We have brought up chicks in this © Brooder and not lose four in a hundred. We simply ask can hens do as — well as this. Price for 100 Chick Brooder...........++++++++++ $7.00 “ s§ 200: (=s* Ee Paes cok eat Res eae re! 8S) Send in your orders early as we shall be able to supply a limited - number only in connection with our large business in Poultry Supplies . of ali kinds. Address, Re B. MITCHELL, Poultry Supplies, CHICAGO, ILL. he % as : 10le + ra is the worst Encmy the Betilivintan has to =z contend with. : Jk CHOLERA MEDICINE Has now been before the public over five years and has wi ae a reputation worthy of it. During 1888 we _ have sent it all over the country, and we are constantly receiving letters speaking in the highest terms of its curative qualities, ry and saving their flocks from the ae ravages of this fatal disease. ae: RICES.—In, 2-Ib packages, express prepaid, per tb 50c. In 5-ib epee: aia ae } per ib 45c. In 10-ib packages, prepaid, per tb 40c. OHOLERA THESTIMONTALS. B. Mitchell, WATERTOWN, DAK. -_ Dear Sir: Your fowl cholera medicine does just what we got it for—it stop- id the cholera, Ihad forty-seven hens down with the cholera when the medicine ived. Aftér the first dose I have not lost a chicken from the cholera. Ihad lost iy-two at the rate of six or eight per day, until I got your medicine. Ishall not without it next year. Yours truly sir, , A. BARTLETT. TUSCOLA, Ills. ae Sir: Your card at hand asking how I like your cholera medicine. I can dily reply that I like your Cholera Preventive and Cure very much, and do not a to be without it. Respectfully yours, NEWTON M. EVANS. Office of the District Attorney, BAS WOODBURY, Gloucester Co., N. J Dear Sir:_ Your Poultry Powder proved a good thing to me in keeping my im- ported. Silver Sebright and Pekin Bantams in healthy trim. I believe it isa valu- Yours truly, B. PERRY. BEACON Iowa. a SE B. Mitchell, Dear Sir: I received a card from you asking how I liked the Poultry Cholera yentive and Cure I bought of you. I can say that it is what yourecommend fet uea amr yours, JAMES PLUM. MT, PLEASANT, Iowa. ear Sir: Enclosed find $1.00 for which please send me one two-pound pack- holera Cure. Please send at once, if possible. a etc , Cm ) , O. F. GRIFFITH. PP. S—I used the package sent me and find it just the thing. Several of my hens eeaive sick; core first dose improved at once; shall soon send ar ten-pound TOWANDA, Kas. Dear Sir: Please send me one dollar’s worth of your Cholera Cure. My fowls itagain. They had it last fall. Isent and got a dollar’s worth of your medi- ich have been of many dollar’s valuetome. Not another one died after the # dose given. I would not do without it for anything. From my experience I is a most effectual cure. I will give my testimony, and so will someof my who have used it. Chicken Cholera prevails very extensively here, and I = could sell many dollar’s worth ifit were only known. Yours Respectfnlly, . STEARNS. | Address, R. B. MITCHELL, Publisher- “CHICAGO. v » POCKET SAVINGS BANK PRICE 25c. POSTAGE PREPAID. Just the nicest little thing you ever saw to save your dimes. Made to carry in your pocket. When you get a dime just slip it in your bank, and you can not get it out until your bank is full. It holds just fifty dimes, or $5.00. Every — boy and girl should have one, for with one of these dime savers you can not help but be rich. Young beginners in life’s morning, Don’t forget the rainy day; Sunshine can not last forever, Or the heart be always gay. Save the dime and then the dollar, Lay up something as yon roam— Choose some blooming spot of beauty, Some fair lot, and “ plant a home.” ADDRESS kh. B. MITCHELL, PUBLISHER. : CHICAGO. i. A. WILSON. ine eis a. -sniecess, my best hatch was N. B. WooDs: ~W. J.MoCALLUM. ie ae 100 eaiaks out of 103 fertile ‘ed Incubator. phide s/s) ue, NELSON PARKES. 400 more cértificates but our limited space will nd mone ay Post office, or express order, or RB. Mitchell, ie Poultry Supplies, CHICAGO.