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NYPL RESEARCH LIBRARIES
3 3433 08182539 4
c
HISTORY
OF
Cherokee County, Kansas
AND-
Representative Citizens
EDITED AND COMPILED BY
NATHANIEL THOMPSON ALLISON, A. M.
COLUMBUS, KANSAS
"History is Philosophy teaching by Examples'
PUBLISHED BY
BIOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY
George Richmond, Pres. ; C. R. Arnold, Sec'y and Treas.
Chicago, Illinois
1904
3', .
AND R L
Preface
CHE aim of the publishers of this volume has been to secure for the historic portion thereof full and accurate information respecting all subjects therein treated, and to pres'ent the data thus gathered in a clear and impartial manner. If, as is their hope, they have succeeded in this endeavor, the credit is mainly due to the diligent and exhaustive research of the editor of the historical statement, Nathaniel Thompson Allison, of Columbus. In collecting and arranging the material which has entered into this history, it has been his aim to secure facts and to present them in an interesting form. His patient and conscientious labor in the compilation and presentation of the data is shown in the historical portion of this volume. The record gives an elaborate description of the land, the story of its settlement and a comprehensive account of the organization of the county and the leading events in the stages of its development to the present time as set forth in the table of contents. He regrets that certain subjects, through his inability to secure full and satisfactory data, have not been treated as fully as they perhaps deserve, but the topics and occurrences are included which are essential to the usefulness of the history. Although the purpose of the author was to limit the narrative to the close of 1903, he has deemed it proper to touch on some matters overlapping that period. For any possible inaccuracies that may be found in the work, the indulgence of our readers is asked. In the main the editor has found it a pleasant task to write this history, and this largely for the reason that so many persons have cheerfully aided him in word and in deed; and for the reason, too, that nothing has been done by anyone to hinder the progress of the work. The following persons will be always kindly remem- bered for the aid which they have extended and for favors which they have shown: Mrs. A. Willard and C. W. Daniels, of Baxter Springs; Charles Moll, Joseph Wallace, Dr. J. P. Scoles and C. W. Harvey, of Galena; Charles E. Topping, of Empire City; Henry Mitchell, of Varck; Dr. C. W. Hoag, of Weir City; J. N. McDonald, of Scammon; Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Patterson, of Mineral; Lawrence Conklin, of Pleasant View township; Jerry Luckey, of Stippville; Richard D. Ellis, of Shawnee
PREFACE.
township; and A. S. Dennison, W. H. Layne and Charles Stephens, of Columbus. The following newspapers in the county have extended Mr. Allison many favors, and their editors have shown him every courtesy and kindly consideration: The Journal and the Tribune, at Weir City; the News and the Republican, at Baxter Springs; the Republican and the Times, at Galena; the Journal and the Miner, at Scammon; the Modern Light, at Columbus, and the Times, at Mineral.
The reviews of resolute and strenuous lives, which make up the biographical department of the volume, and whose authorship for the most part is entirely inde- pendent of that of the history, are admirably adapted to foster local ties, to inculcate patriotism and to emphasize the rewards of industry, dominated by intelligent pur- pose. They constitute a most appropriate medium of perpetuating personal annals and will be of incalculable value to the descendants of those therein commemorated. They bring into bold relief careers of enterprise and thrift and make manifest valid claims to honorable distinction. If "Biography is the only true History," it is obviously the duty of men of the present time to preserve in this enduring form the story of their lives in order that their posterity may dwell on the successful struggles thus recorded, and profit by their example. These sketches, replete with stirring incidents and intense experiences, will naturally prove to most of the readers of this book its most attractive feature.
In the aggregate of personal memoirs, thus collated, will be found a vivid epit- ome of the growth of Cherokee County, which will fitly supplement the historic statement; for the development of the county is identified with that of the men and women to whom it is attributable. The publishers have endeavored in the prepara- tion of the work to pass over no feature of it slightingly, but to give heed to the minutest details, and thus to invest it with a substantial accuracy which no other treatment would afford. The result has amply justified the care thus exercised, for in our belief no more reliable production, under the circumstances, could be laid before its readers.
We have given special prominence to the portraits of representative citizens,
which appear throughout this volume, and believe they will prove a most interesting
feature of the work. We have sought to illustrate the different spheres of industrial
and professional achievement as conspicuously as possible. To those who have
kindly interested themselves in the successful preparation of this work, and who have
voluntarily contributed most useful information and data, we herewith tender our
grateful acknowledgment.
THE PUBLISHERS. Chicago, III., October, 1904.
NOTE
All the biographical sketches published in this volume were submit- ted to their respective subjects or to the subscribers, from whom the facts were primarily obtained, for their approval or correction before going to press; and a reasonable time was allowed in each case for the return of the type-written copies. Most of them were returned to us within the time allotted, or before the work was printed, after being corrected or revised; and these may therefore be regarded as reasonably accurate.
A few, however, were not returned to us; and, as we have no means of knowing whether they contain errors or not, we cannot vouch for their accuracy. In justice to our readers, and to render this work more valuable for reference purposes, we have indicated these uncorrected sketches by a small asterisk (*), placed immediately after the name of the subject. They will all be found on the last pages of the book.
BIOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHING CO.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I. A Briif History of the State of Kansas 15
CHAPTER II. Geographical, Topographical and Geological Features ok Cherokee County 21
CHAPTER III.
The Early Settling of Cherokee County 26
The Passing of the Indian — Removal of the Cherokees from Georgia — The Cherokee Neutral Lands — The First White Settlements — The Cherokee Neutral Lands Sold to the Confederacy— The Joy Pur- chase and the Troubles that Followed — The Land League — Joy Sustained — The Townships, Cities and Towns of the County — The First Settlers — The Old Settlers' Annual Reunion.
CHAPTER IV. Some Early Documents, Letters and Other Things 44
CHAPTER V.
County Organization, Political History and Population Statistics 60
The Organization of Cherokee County — The "County Seat War" — List of County Officers — The Po- litical Phases — Memorable Political Rallies — The Increase of Population, and Immigration from Other States.
CHAPTER VI.
Educational, Religious and Fraternal 83
The Public Schools — The Churches, Lodges and Benevolent Societies.
CHAPTER VII.
The Physicians and the Bench and Bar of Cherokee County 90
The Physicians of the County— The Courts — The Cherokee County Bar.
CHAPTER VIII. The Newspapers of Cherokee County 100
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER IX.
The Agricultural Interests 107
Farm and Live-Stock Products — The Home Market — The Profits in Agricultural Operations — Improve- ment of the Roads — Berry and Fruit Growing— Rural Routes and Telephones.
CHAPTER X.
Thb Development op the Mineral Resources and the Water Power of the County 114
The Coal Mines of the County— The First Coal Shaft— The Central Coal & Coke Company— Statis- tics of Coal Production — Gas and Oil — The Lead and Zinc Mines of the County — Big Real Estate Transactions — The Mining of Lead and Zinc — The Discovery of Lead and Zinc — Statistics of Lead and Zinc Production — The Operation of Mines — The Feature of Uncertainty Present — The Water Power of the County— The Spring River Power Company.
CHAPTER XI.
The Railroads of Cherokee County .... 134
Railroad Construction — Railroad Property Tax Valuations — Railroad Mileage in the County — The Latest Line to be Built — Bonds in Aid of Railroads — An Early Railroad Time Table — Travel in the Days of the Stage Coach.
CHAPTER XII.
The History of Columbus 140
The First Settlers — Organized as a City— The Schools— The Churches — The Water Supply — The Court House — A Bit of History — Improvement in Material Prosperity — Residences — Business Blocks — The Cherokee County High School— Columbus as a Place for Residence— Early Settlers Who Have Passed Away — The City's Business Interests Expanding — Population Figures — The Post Office.
CHAPTER XIII.
The History of Baxter Springs 151
The Phases of the City's Past — The First Settlers — Incorporated as a City — The Baxter Springs Mas- sacre— Discovery of Lead and Zinc — Development of the Water Power on Spring River — Residences.
CHAPTER XIV. The History of Galena and Empire City 159
CHAPTER XV. The History of Mineral City, Weir City and Scammon, and List of the Towns of the County.... 170
CHAPTER XVI.
The ex-Union Soldiers of Cherokee County 178
List of the ex-Union Soldiers of the County — The ex-Union Soldiers' Inter-State Reunion.
CHAPTER XVII. Miscellaneous Matters 199
BIOGRAPHICAL 213
Index
PAGE
Abbott, Benjamin S 321
Allen, Gilbert 373
Allen, Joseph 480
Allison, Nathaniel T 333
Ankrum, Harrison 463
Applegate, George F 404
Armstrong, James H 576
Ashley, Charles D 510
Ashmore, Milton W 387
Baker, C. C 463
Baker, Edmund 397
Baker, William 425
Ball, Frank L 629
Barrett, William H 347
Batten, Joseph 630
Baxter, J. H 239
Beltzhoover, John P 362
Benham, William M 605
Bennett, Oscar H 271
Benson, William M 273
Betty, Charles H 296
Blue, R. W 229
Boggs, Henry B 518
Boss, Jacob H 329
Bowman, C. S 321
Boyd, Andrew 403
Boyer, William 422
Bradshaw, Walter L 516
Branson, William W 254
Braun, George F 363
Brewster, Lorenzo D 532
Brookhart, Harry H 525
Brooks", Floyd W 409
Brooks, James H 394
PAGE
Brooks, William E 241
Brown, W. H. D 462
Brown, William D 343
Buergin, Jacob 618
Bulger, Mrs. Margaret T 469
Burrows, John R 622
Burrows, John Riley 499
Burton, George 507
Bush, W. F 594
Buzard, Jesse 615
Cadwalader, Reese 283
Caldwell, L. Alexander 617
Canfield, George W 322
Carver, John T 523
Callahan, Michael J 236
Cheshire, Robert M 223
Cheyne, M. C 485
Clabourn, Grant 429
Coe, Charles W 373
Coles, A 457
Coltrane, Isaiah M 400
Conklin, Lawrence 290
Cool, Commodore F 300
Coon, H. S 389
Cooper, John M 249
Cooper, Joseph H 472
Cooter, Elbert W 529
Covert, Peter 384
Cowley, W. R 311
Crawford, Elisha C 609
Crawford, Samuel J 213
Cross, Thomas H 381
Crowe, David 392
Crowell, Howard R 218
PAGE
Cruickshank, George W 284
Cunningham, Andrew J 378
Cunningham, Samuel 613
Davidson, Ellis 505
Davis, Charles E 428
Dean, Louis L 581
Dennison, Abiel S 259
DeVoe, Thomas E 476
Dixon, Zimri 266
Dodson, James N 309
Dorsey, Thomas W 519
Douglass, George W 498
Dowd, Charles S. and Francis E..627
Dresia, Peter 597
Dugger, Benjamin T 338
Dunbar, J. N 3U
Duncan, Thomas R 280
Ecke, O. C 232
Edwards, Daniel 291
Eisenhart, John 324
Ellis, Elbert A 619
Ellis, Richard D 548
Ellis, Samuel J 599
Elliott, Franklin 357
Evans, William H 487
Ewers, George 582
Ferguson, William T 339
Finley, Owen 588
Fisher, George M 293
Fitzgerald, John 390
Fleming, Michael 512
French, William M 491
IO
INDEX.
PAGE
Fribley, James J 353
Fudge, John T 317
Galpine, Joseph H 275
Gibbs, Charles A 337
Glasse, W. B 471
Graham, Peter 591
Gray, John 347
Haines, Edwin A 368
Hale, Newton J 450
Hamblin, Samuel 603
Hamlet, Jotham L 623
Hamilton, John H 232
Hanks, Robert P 398
Hannon, Henry 332
Harper, Henry H 456
Hasson, Samuel 483
Haynes, Thomas 255
Headley, John R 286
Heaton, Ira 464
Hefley, George W 427
Henderson, H. B 251
Herman, Andrew 412
Hess, Claude A 338
Hiller, Frederick 334
Hisle, James R 562
Hoag, Clark W 537
Hoffmire, William 415
Hogg, Benjamin F 243
Hohnsbeen, Ernst C 330
Holt, Ephraim E 531
Holt, Joseph S 374
Hood, Archibald 282
Hood & Sons Implement Co., The
A 264
Hord, Charles M 344
Hornor, William H 351
Householder, M. A 233
Howard, Samuel C 331
Hubbard, John C 535
Hubbard, Arthur L 431
Hughes, Luke 285
Hughes, Michael 292
Hughes, Victor 387
Hull, Emerson 593
Hurlbut, Samuel L 447
Jessup, Daniel A 502
Johnessee, Silas 420
Johnson, A. C 466
Johnson, John 0 628
Johnson, W. N 465
Johnston, J. 0 438
Jones, Charles M 451
Jones', D. M 359
Jones, Jacob K 272
Junkens, John H 428
Kanatzer, Mrs. Mary J 509
Kennedy, William 0 468
Kenny, Dennis 547
Kline, John 474
Kline, S. Peter 625
Knighton, George J 333
Kutz, Thomas 487
Laizure, J. T 504
Lamaster, James W 308
Lamaster, William A 312
LaRue, H. A 300
LaRue, T. P 304
Lathrop, Hamilton B 341
Lisle, Slem 256
Logan, J. Wilbur 314
Long, Robert A 320
Luckey, Jeremiah 279
Lundin, John 469
Lyerla, Aaron 294
McClellan, George B 252
McCombs, John T. and Robert... 550
McCormick, John S 536
McDonald, James N 604
McDowell, Samuel 0 440
McGregor, Frank R 445
McLaughlin, John 246
McMahon, Michael 574
McMickle, Clinton 225
McNay, John M 543
McNeill, C. A 367
Majors, A. L 352
Markham, Hon. Robert M 593
Meredith, Jonathan B 411
Merrill, Mose? F 553
Metzler, Philip C 354
Middaugh, Charlton E 473
Millner, Francis E 488
Millstead, William H 235
Moll, Charles L 455
Moore, James H 503
PAGE
Moore, William R 481
Morrow, James 497
Morrow, Thoma? J 379
Mount joy, Robert F 404
Murphy, Benjamin L 620
Myers, John L 220
Nash, William R 616
Newton, Mrs. Mary A 446
Newton, Solomon D 612
Noble, Edwin St. G 348
North, William 508
Northrup, Fred D 285
Norton, W. S 302
Oglesby, John C 575
O'Malley, James 437
O'Reagan, Patrick 377
Page, John 439
Pargen, Francis 0 340
Patterson, Leslie 567
Pattyson, Elmore R 3T8
Paul, Silas L 626
Pender, William C 417
Pendergrass, James P 452
Perkins, L. Murray 559
Perkins, William 410
Peters, James R 520
Pickering, Abijah 501
Pinson, J. F 361
Pixley, Waldo B 475
Polster, J. G 372
Porter, James 554
Puttkamer, John B 493
Rains, Hiram F 611
Randall, Curtis 606
Rawlings, John A 610
Revell, Arthur T 402
Rhoads, Oscar A 421
Richart, Willard M 364
Rickner, Chris 570
Riker, J. F 328
Rittenhouse, O. F 614
Roach, Charles N 430
Robinson, George 489
Robinson, James M 604
Rogers, Job A 449
Rohrbough, John W 39*
INDEX.
ii
PAGE
Ryan, Solomon 458
Sadler, Henry R 290
Sapp, Edward E 461
Savage, Harrison R 407
Sawyer, Charles L 382
Sayer, P. R 304
Scammon, E. A 217
Schermerhorn, E. B 289
Schmell, Louis 592
Seibert, DeWitt C 298
Shaffer, William H 276
Shearer, Andrew 307
Shideler, Henry 492
Simkin, Frederick W 350
Skidmore, Andrew H 216
Skinner, O. E 527
Skinner, Thurston J 490
Slease, L. J 301
Small, James T 443
Smith, Marcus L 433
Smith, S. E 505
Smith, Samuel H 585
Smith, Hon. Samuel W 573
Smith, Hon. William 570
Smith, William E 406
Smyres, H. F 517
Snider, John W 484
Souder, George F 244
PAGE
Sparks, Oliver W 418
Sparlin, Christopher C 569
Spencer, Elijah W 401
Spencer, John W 219
Spiva, Will E 542
Stauffer, Hon. John 586
Stephens, Charles 405
Steward, Milton R 327
Stice, W. E 369
Stone, John W 598
Stott, Capt. Richard H 579
Stoskopf, George 448
Strother, J. R 525
Sweeney, Charles M 568
Taylor, Richard W 482
Taylor, William 379
Thomas', Orlando T 555
Topping, Wallace E 265
Tracewell, E. M 327
Trotter, W. H 556
Vollmar, Rev. Henry R 269
Von Wedell, Walther 549
Wade, Alexander 492
Wagner, John W 399
Walker, Alexander 621
PAGE
Walker, Arcenith F 319
Walker, George W 215
Walker, Stephen L 298
Walker, William W 484
Wallace, Joseph 479
Ward, Woodford A 454
Watson, David J 398
Watts, Andrew D 541
Weaver, Thomas C 253
Wenzel, Albert E 587
West, Elijah T 390
Westervelt, Lewis R 515
Wheeler, Willis H 226
Whitmore, William W 497
Wiggins, Basil 526
Willard, Albert 368
Williams, Al. F 295
Williams, DeWitt C 435
Williams, Lane 383
Williams, Washington 486
Wilson, George H 467
Wimmer, Harvy 426
Winter, Daniel 263
Wiswell, John 231
Wolfe, Jes. F 528
Woods, George W 361
Wright, Jonathan R 529
Youngman, E. W 626
Illustrations
PAGE
Allison, Nathaniel Thompson ... 14 Ashmore, Milton W 386
Baker, Edmund 396
Baker, Mrs. Eliza 424
Baker, William 424
Baptist Church, Galena no
Baptist Church, Old, Columbus... 32
Baxter, J. H., M. D 238
Blue, Col. R. W 228
Braun, George F., Residence of. .166
Carver, John T. and family 522
Cherokee County High School... 96
Cherokee County Jail 66
Cheshire, Hon. Robert M 222
Cheshire, Hon. R. M., Residence. 144
Christian Church, Galena 1 10
Coke Works at Cokedale 120
Cooper, Hon. John M 248
Court House, Columbus 96
Court House, Galena 130
Crawford, Elisha C 608
Crawford, Hon. Samuel J 212
Dennison, Abiel S 258
Dresia, Mr. and Mrs. Peter 596
East Galena School no
East Side School, Columbus 66
Elliott, Franklin 356
PAGE
Fudge, John T 316
Gibbs, Charles A 336
Graham, Peter 590
Gray, Mr. and Mrs. John 346
Hamblin, Mrs. Lucy A 602
Hamblin, Samuel 602
Hoffmire, William 414
Hood, Mrs. A., Residence of 144
Hubbard, John C 534
Kenny, Dennis 546
Lead and Zinc Mining Shafts and Crushers, Galena 120
Log Cabin Pioneer Home in Galena 1 10
Luckey, Jeremiah 278
McNeill, C. A 366
McNeill, C. A., Residence of 144
Merrill, Mrs. Mary S 552
Merrill, Moses F 552
Methodist Episcopal Church, Co- lumbus 66
Moore, J. C, Residence of 166
Morrow, Mr. and Mrs. James... 496 Murdock Block, Galena 130
Norton, W. S., Residence of 144
O'Reagan, Patrick 376
PAGE
Patterson, Leslie 564
Patterson, Mrs. Olive C 566
Pattyson, E. R., Residence of .... 144
Perkins, L. Murray 558
Presbyterian Church, Columbus.. 66
Richards, Val., Residence of ....166 Robertson, Riley F., Residence of. 166
Sapp, Hon. Edward E 460
Schermerhorn, Hon. E. B 288
Shearer, Andrew 306
Small, James T 442
Smith, Samuel H 584
Smith, Hon. Samuel W 572
South Galena School no
Stice, Mrs. W. E., Residence of.. 166 Stott, Capt. Richard H 578
Tracewell, E. M 326
Typical Miner's Home in Galena 25 Years Ago 32
Vollmar, Rev. Henry R 268
Wallace, Joseph 478
Watts, Mr. and Mrs. Andrew D. .540 Wright Block, Isaac, Columbus.. 66 Westervelt, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis
R 514
West Side School, Columbus ... 66
H I
,1
>:V. .
fiistory of Cherokee Coumy
CHAPTER. I.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE STATE OF KANSAS
As early as 1541 a company of Spanish soldiers under the command of Francisco de Coronado, and directed by Indian guides, made their way from the lower valley of the Pecos River to a point on the Missouri River where the city of Atchison, Kansas, now stands. The expedition was made in search of gold ; but on reaching the Missouri River, then known as the Teucarea, the company, footsore and discouraged on account of their long, fruitless march over the dreary, sandy desert, besought their commander to lead them back to Mexico, whence they had formerly come. After killing the Indian guides, who had led the Spaniards over the trackless wastes, to get them away from the Pecos Valley, and to wear them out in hunger and thirst, the little com- pany retraced its course toward the South, but not until Coronado had given the name Cannes to that part of the country which lies between
the Arkansas and the Missouri rivers. This was 363 years ago. The country was named after the dominant tribe of Indians then inhab- iting it, and through a series of modifications it was later known as Kansas.
In 1762 France, having discovered and claimed what was later known as Louisiana, ceded it to Spain; but on March 21, 1801, it was ceded back to France. On April 30, 1803, the United States purchased it from France, in consideration of the payment of $15,000,000. It included practically all the country drained by the Mississippi River ; but it did not include that part of the present State of Kansas which lies west of the 100th degree of west longi- tude and south of the Arkansas River. This was acquired by the United States from the republic of Texas in the year 1850.
At the time of the Louisiana purchase, in 1803, Kansas was almost entirely unknown,
i6
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
except among the Indian tribes which wan- dered over what was vaguely known as "The Great American Desert," lying between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains. In 1806 the United States fitted out an expedition at St. Louis, and the next year General Pike took command and led it westwardly through Missouri and Southern Kansas. Besides the soldiers of the command, there was a company of geographers. Three years were taken up in the exploration; but even then no well formed idea was obtained of the true character of the country, in respect to its mineral resources and the adaptability of its soils for agricultural purposes. In 1810 General Pike, who had ex- plored as far west as the Great Divide, and as far south as the Rio Grande, reported to the Secretary of War, and, among other things, he said: "These vast plains of the Western Hemisphere may, in time become equally celebrated with the sandy deserts of Africa; for in various places on my route I saw tracts of many leagues where the wind had thrown up the sands in all the fanciful forms of the ocean's rolling waves, and on them not a speck of vegetation existed. * * * Our citizens, so prone to wandering and extending them- selves on the frontier, will, through necessity, be constrained to limit their extent, in the West, to the borders of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, while they leave the prairies, incapable of cultivation, to the wandering and uncivilized aborigines of the country. It ap- pears to me to be possible to introduce only a limited population, and that even this must be confined to the banks of the Kaw, the Platte and the Arkansas rivers." That was 94 years ago. What a change has been wrought in the intervening time! How "westward the course
of empire" has taken its way! What would General Pike say now, if he could see "The Great American Desert?"
In 1819-20 Major Long was sent West on an exploring expedition ; and his report to the Secretary of War, like that of General Pike, did not seem designed to "induce immigration" into these parts. Speaking of the region now comprised within the boundaries of Nebraska and Kansas, he said : "It is a region destined, by the barrenness of its soil and its inhospitable climate, as well as by other physical disad- vantages, to be the abode of perpetual desola- tion." And the Secretary of War at that time, gloomily commenting on the report of Major Long, said : "From the minute account given in the narrative of the expedition, of the par- ticular features of this region, it will be per- ceived to bear a manifest resemblance to the desert of Sahara."
From the time of which I have last writ- ten, up to about the year 1840, very little progress was made toward bringing this region within the zone of civilization, it being believed to be destined always as the home of savage Indians and the wild animals which roamed its valleys, hills and grassless plains. Here the ground owl, the rattlesnake, the prairie dog, the coyote, the deer, the elk and the buffalo had their haunts, and it was believed that they would always remain, disturbed only now and then by the wandering tribes of Indians, whose fixed habits shut out every thought of perma- nency of habitation. Shortly after this, the Mexican War agitation became so intense as to break out in hostility, and when the war was over, in 1848, bringing to the possession of the United States that territory then including California, the newly discovered gold fields of
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
17
the Western slope aroused the people of the Middle and Eastern States, and vast numbers of them went thither by whatever way offered the easiest ingress. Beginning about the year 1849, almost innumerable caravans were fitted out at different points on the Missouri River, to take their course "across the plains," as it was spoken of in those day. This was prac- tically the beginning of the settlement of Kan- sas ; for some of those who had intended to go on to California, when they saw the goodly land in Eastern Kansas, turned aside in their pur- poses and settled among the Indians along the larger streams, where wood and water could be found. These were joined later by others from the East, and thus the settlements were enlarged little by little, as time went on.
The political history of Kansas dates back to 1850, when the subject of slavery took on the intense form of agitation which led to its overthrow. It was in this year that the Mis- souri Compromise was really abrogated. From that time on it became constantly more appar- ent that the question could never be settled satisfactorily through legislation ; and the ad- mission of Kansas into the Union, as a pro- slavery State, or as an anti-slavery State, was looked to as the test of the power and manage- ment of the two sectional factions. The New England States had experimented with slav- ery, and, not finding it profitable, they had be- come profoundly convinced that the institution was morally wrong; the South had tried it, and, finding it profitable, found no difficulty at all in showing that it was of divine origin, and therefore, scripturally right. Senator J. J. Ingalls, the most scholarly man that ever rep- resented Kansas in the United States Senate, and himself a native of Massachusetts, said that the people of the New England States
never became conscientious on the subject of slavery until it ceased to be profitable in that section of the country. The North was envious of the South's prosperity; but their envy was equaled if not surpassed by the intense preju- dice fostered and nourished in the hearts of the Southern people. Persons who recall those days can never forget the rise and progress of the "irrespressible conflict;" and those con- versant with public affairs at that time, and who kept up with the current events, easily recall the efforts of the great American statesmen to arrive at an amicable settlement of the sectional dispute which had agitated the people since the year 1820, and which was now fast becoming the chief alarm of the nation. Kansas was the focus upon which the mind of the people, North and South, was so intensely centered; but four years afterward, May 30, 1854, when Franklin Pierce, president of the United States, signed the act, entitled, "An Act to Organize the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas," debate of the great question ceased to be fruitful of any effect toward a reconcila- tion. Then began a series of "troublous times," which did not end until the issues of the War of the Rebellion were settled at Ap- pomattox, April 9, 1865.
The first Territorial Governor of Kansas was Andrew H. Reeder, of Easton, Pennsyl- vania, appointed by President Pierce, June 29, 1854. He arrived at Leavensworth, Kansas, on the steamer "Polar Star," October 7, 1854, and immediately took up the duties of the office, having been sworn in as Governor by Justice Daniel, of the Supreme Court of the United States, at Washington, D. C, July 7th of that year. He was an ardent Democrat, and he was in sympathy with the pro-slavery efforts then being strongly made ; but before he
i8
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
finished his course on Kansas soil he as stren- uously and as ably supported the plans and operations for making it a free State. Not at all times being in full accord with the Legis- lature, which was pronounced in its pro- slavery sentiments, and being often misrepre- sented to President Pierce by wily politicians, his lot was such as brought him "nothing but worry and constant antagonism. As Governor he was removed by the President, July 28, 1855. He was officially notified on the 31st of July and on August 1 5th he notified the Legis- lature of the fact. He was succeeded by Wil- son Shannon, who was commissioned Governor of the Territory of Kansas, August 10, 1855, and he arrived at Shawnee Mission, then the capital, September 3d. He had been four years the Governor of Ohio; was Minister to Mexico under Tyler's administration, and was a mem- ber of Congress from Ohio in 1852-54. He resigned the governorship of the Territory, August 21, 1856, and on that day he received official notice that he had been removed, and that John W. Geary had been appointed his successor. Geary resigned March 4, 1857; and on March 10th President Buchanan ap- pointed Robert J. Walker, of Pennsylvania. He was a son of Judge Walker, of the United States Supreme Court. He had been a United States Senator from Mississippi and was Secretary of the Treasury during Polk's ad- ministration. Governor Walker arrived at Leavenworth May 25, 1857, and left the fol- lowing day for Lecompton, then the capital. His was a short, stormy term ; for on Decem- ber 7th, of the same year, he handed in his resignation, being led to do so on account of the disturbed condition of public affairs in the Territory, in the midst of which there was no prospect of peace or final settlement. John W.
Denver, who had been acting Governor from the time of the resignation of Governor Walker, received his appointment as Governor March 15, 1858. He resigned October 10th, of the same year, and on November 19th Sam- uel Medary was appointed. He continued in office until December 17, i860, when he re- signed, and was succeeded by George M. Beebe, who was sworn in as acting Governor, and who continued in office until the inaugu- ration of the State government, February 9, 1 861. The frequent and often dramatically sudden changes in the governorship of the Territory may be taken as indicating the turbu- lent condition of public affairs, a condition which, as if descending by heredity, is yet shown in the easily disturbed political relations of the people. It is probable that no other State in the Union has such a heritage.
Kansas was admitted into the Union Janu- ary 29, 1 861, and it may be said of the people who had become permanent residents upon its soil, that they were in a proper frame of mind to join hands with the other free-soil States in the great war which was just then about to break upon the country. Forensic debate and all other efforts amicably to adjust and settle the bitter, sectional prejudices of the people had fallen short of the desired aim. A ma- jority of the people of the United States had become set against slavery; the institution was destined to pass away; but the methods and measures for setting it aside involved questions which could not be settled other than by the arbitrament of arms.
Following the close of the war, there was a tremendous immigration into Kansas from the Middle States, attracted hither through the well advertised opportunities which it offered for securing rural homes, as well as for build-
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ing cities, constructing railroads and for the varied pursuits which follow such achieve- ments. No other section of the entire country was ever even half so well advertised as Kansas has been, much of such advertising being true, much of it false. Senator Ingalls once said that Kansas is a land of the sharpest contradic- tions and antagonisms ever known in human experience; the hottest, the coldest; the wet- test, the driest; the most fruitful, the most barren ; the most to be desired and the least to be sought. Here the best and purest aspira- tions have been fostered and sustained ; here homes have been built and fortunes made, and here, too, lie the buried hopes of many whose expectations were turned into disappointment, whose toil and labor were in vain and whose morning cheer and gladness were overshad- owed and suppressed through the gloom which came on before the middle of the day.
Politically, Kansas is the enigma of the age; and in this respect it may be likened unto those volcanic districts of the earth which are subject to frequent and disastrous upheavals, and where none but such as are inured to the dread which constant danger inspires will dare to live. Hither many political adventurers came in the early days, probably expecting to gather large returns from the new field. Some of them, after a short and stormy sojourn, re- turned whence they came, and the bones of many others, whose daring and hardihood were equaled only by the cunning and craftiness which they employed, lie bleaching in the soil of the land which they essayed to rule. In a partisan way the State has always been, nor- mally, Republican ; but at times the party has been cut from its moorings and cast adrift upon a rough, tempestuous sea, a condition due
largely to the grasping greed of political lead- ers and to the official corruption of those placed in charge of public affairs. But the people are growing in conservatism, and when the old- guard politicians pass away, and some of the younger ones shall be required to know more of statecraft and economics, there will be a settling into safer channels and the care of public interests will be in better hands.
Of those now living in the State of Kansas, it may be truthfully said that they are "a pecu- liar people." They will endure more hardships, suffer more wrongs, surmount greater difficul- ties and undergo more privations than any other people in this broad land. Chinch-bugs, grasshoppers, hot winds, drouths and floods have been enough to depopulate the State, if inhabited by a less hardy people. To these, sufficient of themselves to deter next to the most determined, the burden of taxes, borne for the purpose of paying off public bonds, and private mortgages of all kinds, once supposed to concern every man, came as supplementary hardships and vexations ; but the people have lived through all of these, and they are today comparatively prosperous. The pests come less frequently, drouths are not so severe, bonds are being paid and the voice of the sheriff is rarely heard in the land ; the passing of these being due almost entirely to the indomitable courage and perseverance of the hardy sons of toil who have borne the burden and heat of the day and are now enjoying the fruits of their labor. These things have not been done through stu- pidity nor through the direction of blind judg- ment; they have been achieved through intel- ligence and good understanding; for in practi- cal knowledge and in ability to get the best re- sults in what they undertake, the people hold
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
the highest place. Proportionately to the num- ber of inhabitants, it is said, without contradic- tion, that Kansas takes and reads more news- papers than any other State ; that it has more pupils in the common schools and more stu- dents in its higher institutions, and that fewer of its people are idle and non-helpful in the
ordinary pursuits of life. There is a common level upon which the people move, and there is a free fellowship which has come down fn un the earlier days, bringing with it the easy man- ners which are characteristic of communities unaffected by castes and sharp social distinc- tions.
CHAPTER II.
GEOGRAPHICAL, TOPOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL FEATURES
OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
GEOGRAPHICAL.
Cherokee County is a part of what was formerly known as McGee County. This county, named in honor of A. M. McGee, of Kansas City, Missouri, a man of strong pro- slavery sentiments, who figured actively in the events which made up the early history of the State, was bounded as follows : Beginning at the southeast corner of Bourbon County ; thence south, to the southern boundary of this Territory; thence west, twenty- four miles; thence north, to a point due west of the place of beginning; thence east, twenty- four miles, to the place of beginning."
When the anti-slavery sentiment became strong and forceful in Kansas, and the man- agement of the Territory passed under the con- trol of those who favored making it a free State, the name McGee was dropped by the Legislature, and a part of its territory given the name "Cherokee," in honor of the Cherokee Indians. This was done on the 18th day of February, i860, a little less than a year before Kansas Territory was admitted into the Union. The boundary of the county being so vaguely described as not to be readily understood, the Legislature, February 13, 1867, gave it the following location : "Commencing at the
southeast corner of Crawford County ; thence south on the east line of the State of Kansas, to the southeast corner of the State; thence west along the southern boundary of the State, to the southeast corner of Neosho County, as de- fined by the act of February 26, 1866; thence north to the southwest corner of the county of Crawford ; thence east to the place of begin- ning." This remained the boundary of the county until October 31, 1868, when an act, approved March 3, 1868, went into effect. This act gave Cherokee County the following boun- dary : "Commencing at the southeast corner of the county of Crawford ; thence west with the south line of said county of Crawford to the southwest corner of section 14, township 31 south, range 21 east of the Sixth Principal Meridian; thence south on said section line to the Neosho River; thence with the channel of said riyer to the south boundary line of the State of Kansas; thence east on said line to the southeast corner of the State ; thence north on the east line of the State of Kansas to the place of beginning." From the maps recently published, it seems that at some time since the fixing of the last described boundary a change has been made, by which the west line of the county was moved one-half mile east; and so it stands, to this day; and it will thus
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
be seen that Cherokee County lies in the ex- treme southeast corner of the State, having the State of Missouri on the east, and the In- dian Territory on the south.
TOPOGRAPHICAL.
For the most part, the surface of the county is gently undulating; but in the southeast it is hilly, and in some places very rough and stony. An elevated table-land lies north and south through the center of the county, from which the water runs generally southeasterly and southwesterly, the latter flowing into the Neo- sho River on the west, the former into Spring River on the east. There are no very high points, save that in the southern part of the county, about five miles west of Baxter Springs, there is a mound which may be seen many miles in all directions, and a kind of promontory a few miles north of Neutral, both of which may be regarded as bubbles of the Ozark Mountains. The altitude of Columbus, considered the highest point in the county, was established by Charles Nevins, the surveyor for the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway, at the time the line was extended from Parsons, Kan- sas, to Joplin, Missouri, in 1900. The point was indicated on the third step of the First National Bank, and as determined by the meas- urements it is 1025.68 feet.
Besides Spring River, on the east, and the Neosho River, on the west, there are numerous smaller streams, all of which afford easy drain- age, except that in the southwest corner of the county there is a low basin which is dotted here and there with lakes and natural ponds, in which water stands from year to year. Cherry Creek, Lightning Creek and Fly Creek are the principal streams flowing into the Neosho
River on the west, while Cow Creek, Shawnee Creek and Brush Creek flow into Spring River on the east. In the central and eastern parts of the county there are some fine springs of soft water. Before leaving this part of the subject it is proper to speak of the adaptability of the soils of the county to field and garden tillage and to the growing of small fruits of all kinds, including ever)* variety of berries. The soils are of various depths, varying also in colors, from the lighter soils of the higher ridges to the dark, sandy loams of the lower lands and the river bottoms. In the eastern part of the county the soil partakes of the nature of the red-clay soils of Southwestern Missouri, and these are better adapted to the growing of apples, pears and peaches than the lighter soils of the prairie districts of the county. Like almost every other county, in whatever State it may be situate, Cherokee County has some sections much richer in soils than others ; but it is singularly true that there is not a district in the county, however thin and apparently non-productive the soil, but what it is quickly and easily affected even at the slightest efforts to increase the soil's strength and fertility.
Forty years ago, when there was scarcely any land in the county that had been touched with the plow, and when there were no roads established by any public act, the meager wood- land was found only along Spring River and its larger tributaries., and probably a mere fringe along the Neosho River and the larger streams which flow into it. The county was almost a solid sward of prairie grass ; and from the higher points, which afforded views of the land as it lay in the repose which Nature had given it through the centuries, many of the most pleasing landscapes could be seen. To
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those who came first, with implements of til- lage for bringing the virgin soil into sub- serviency to the purposes of civilization, it was "a goodly land," fair to look upon and full of promise, and to those who stayed and endured the hardships incident to pioneer life, sowing and reaping as the years went on, it yielded its fruits in season, and with these the quiet satis- faction which comes with faithful husbandry.
GEOLOGICAL.
Going beneath the surface of the land, we come to consider it in the light of geology ; and here, going through the storehouse of Nature, we come to examine the wise, beneficent provis- ions which have been made, and which through countless ages have awaited the coming of man. Speaking of the general formation of the whole State of Kansas, Professor Mudge says : "The uplifting of this State and the adjoining coun- try, from the level of the ocean, must have been slow, uniform and in a perpendicular direc- tion, which has left all the strata in nearly a horizontal position. This may have been as slow as that now going on in Florida, or a rise of five feet in a century. From our knowledge of the geology of the West, this undoubtedly took place after the rise of the Rocky Moun- tains, and probably did not come to a close until the drift period." The rock formations of Cherokee County plainly show that the land, some time in the remote past, lay upon the seashore, and that, at a still more remote period, it was probably submerged. Crusta- ceous formations, abundant in many places, give unmistakable evidence of the fact. In times long gone by there was an oyster bed about two miles southeast of the point where Columbus now stands, as shown in the rocks
in that locality, and besides this, there were numerous Crustacea, whose petrified fossils are plainly to be seen. Later on, but probably not until after the lapse of many ages, came the carboniferous period, when the land was lifted gradually from the water and was covered as gradually by vegetation, through which a soil was built up, in preparation for the great for- ests still to follow : and thus age after age went by, the processes of nature going on, step by step, making ready for the coming of man. The conditions of temperature, with the in- creased fertility of the soil and the humidity of the atmosphere, brought on the great vegetable growths, which, afterwards swept down by de- vastating tempests and covered by soil drifts from the higher lands, now form the coal beds which yield so much comfort to the people now permitted to open them up for use.
In a work published by A. T. Andreas, in 1883, speaking of the coal deposits of the State of Kansas, the writer says : "This area covers about 9,000 square miles in the southeastern part of the State, embracing the counties of Cherokee, Labette, Montgomery, Chautauqua, Elk, Wilson, Neosho, Crawford, Bourbon, Al- len, Woodson, Coffey, Anderson, Linn, Osage, and parts of Miami, along the northern line of damarkation. All these counties are in some degree supplied with coal. Whether the whole area is underlaid with coal or not can not be definitely ascertained till a thorough geological survey has been made. The general structure of the rock is that of the productive coal measures elsewhere found, and the experimental borings have been sufficiently numerous, and attended with such favorable results as to warrant the belief that the deposits exist in paying quanti- ties in most parts of the area above described."
The coal district of Cherokee County lies
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
almost in the north central part, believed to be about 13 miles wide at the north line of the county, and extending south through Chero- kee, Mineral and Ross townships, into the north sections of Crawford and Salamanca town- ships, while on the west side, tending slightly toward the southwest, it reaches over into Sheridan and Lola townships. The whole area possibly includes about 130 square miles. The strata vary in thickness from one foot to four feet. The upper stratum crops out at the eastern edge of the district and dips toward the northwest, as also do the deeper and thicker strata. The quality of the coal is excellent for all purposes, and to those owning the land and those operating the mines the district is a source of immense wealth. The whole area is a network of railroad tracks, and the operations going on present a scene of the intensest industrial activity. It is believed by some who have given the matter mature thought, that a much larger area of the county will be found underlaid with coal, when deeper prospecting is undertaken; but so far no effort has been made to determine the fact.
In the southeastern part of Cherokee County, extending from the south line of the State northerly for about 15 miles, there is a strip of land about six miles wide beneath the surface of which are some of the richest zinc deposits to be found in the world. The zinc district, in Cherokee County, lies along the valley of Spring River, on either side of the stream, and, taken in connection with the great Joplin district, of which it is a part, it is known wherever there is a commercial demand for the rich ores here produced. Rich but smaller deposits of lead are also found here. The oper- ations which have been carried forward in the mining of these ores are such as have literally
torn up the earth and rendered its surface, in the immediated locality, forever unfit for till- age ; for, in bulk, the ore is not more than one- thousandth part of the earth and rock which must be brought to the surface. Unless ef- faced by soil-drifts or by some other great physical changes, these earth-markings, it is believed, will stand for thousands of years, long after the civilization which now prevails upon the earth shall have passed away.
In addition to the great deposits of coal, lead and zinc which, taken in connection with the fertile soils of the county, place it in the first rank maong the wealth-producing parts of the State, shale for brick-making, potter's clay and building stone are found in quantities which will lead, after a while, to the establish- ment of particular industries requiring these materials. There are quarries of sandstone near Columbus from which the very best of building stone is now taken in limited quanti- ties ; but in time not far hence, when building material of other kinds becomes more expensive than at present, these quarries will be sought to the extent of making it one of the chief in- dustries of the county. Such may also be said of the deposits of shale, the demand for which is a constantly growing one.
Up to the present it has not been generally believed that either gas or petroleum will be found in paying quantities within the boundary of the county, although deep wells bored for water have given off small quantities of each. When the well at Columbus ( 1 ,300 feet deep) was bored for a water supply for the city, gas strong enough to produce a flame was given off for a time, and even yet, after 18 years, the water sometimes brings up light traces of petroleum. In the southwestern part of the county there are places where petro-
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leiun exudes from the surface of the earth, and in wells of moderate depth larger quantities are sometimes found. No deep wells have been put down in that part of the county, and the question as to whether petroleum may be found in paying quantities remains unsettled. How- ever, the fact that the counties lying next west of Cherokee contain gas and petroleum already attracting wide notice and inducing the invest- ment of millions of dollars stimulates the belief that Cherokee County also possesses these stores of natural wealth.
The fitness of the soils of Cherokee County for agricultural purposes compares favorably with a large number of other counties. In this respect it is far ahead of many, while not measuring up to a few. It is not generally as fertile as the Kaw Valley, nor is it as productive as some of the counties in the northeastern part of the State; but in the responsiveness of its soils and the readiness with which it assimi- lates natural fertilizers it is equal to, if it does
not surpass, all other sections. The county contains about 589 square miles, or about ^JJ,- 000 acres ; and, with the exception of a small area in the southeastern part, it is all suited to cultivation. As early as 1878 more than 147,000 acres were in cultivation, but of this amount 32,500 acres were in meadow and pasture. For that year the value of farm prod- ucts was $966,634, not including the value de- rived from fenced pasture lands. Of this amount, $478,000 were derived from the value of the corn crop, and $155,000 from that of wheat, the corn acreage being more than three times the acreage of wheat. Besides corn and wheat, other crops are largely grown, such as rye. barley, oats, buckwheat, sorghum, kafir corn, millet, flax, castor beans, Irish pota- toes, sweet potatoes, timothy, bluegrass, redtop and orchard grass. Recently experiments have been made with English bluegrass, while a few have been engaged in testing the adaptability of Bermuda grass.
THE EARLY SETTLING OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
The Passing of the Indian — Removal of the Cherokees from Georgia — The Chero- kee Neutral Lands — The First White Settlements — The Cherokee Neutral Lands Sold to the Confederacy — The Joy Purchase and the Troubles that Followed — The Land League — Joy Sustained — The Townships, Cities and Towns of the County — The First Settlers — The Old Settlers' Annual Re- union.
THE PASSING OF THE INDIAN.
Indian tradition relates that before the com- ing of the red man's pale-faced brother the country lying west of the Mississippi River and stretching away into the unknown, beyond the setting of the sun, was a "happy hunting ground." always to remain the possession of the tribes which had wandered over it through the unnumbered centuries of the past. The wants of the tribes were few and primitive; and their rude civilization had reached a point beyond which they never would advance, so that the land, yielding to them the fruits which Nature would afford, was found always to meet their simple requirements. But the possessions of the red men were not destined to remain for- ever undisturbed. The settling of the white races along the Atlantic Coast, and their grad- ual penetration of the forests westwardly.began to be regarded by the Indians as the beginning of the end of their long and uninterrupted hold- ing of the country beyond the great river.
And so it was and so it ever will be, so long as there is greed for gain and the strong man is willing to take from his weaker brother that which he rightfully and innocently holds. It ought not to be thought strange or wonderful that the Indian is of a sad countenance, and that he has a far-away look in his eye; the former has come to him from the experience he has had in innocently en- deavoring to hold his own ; the latter is the ex- pression of his contemplation of the "happy hunting ground," which the Great Spirit will give him, where his possessions will never be disturbed by the tread of his pale-faced brother. This is his only hope ; for here his posessions have been almost wholly taken from him, and his habitation has become circumscribed within limits which are a vexation to his naturally roving spirit. He is not the builder of cities, nor is he the projector of great and widely extended commercial enterprises; but he does love nature, and he silently pleads to be let alone in the simple, primitive enjoyment,
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which the unbroken plains and the primeval forests bring him. The history of the passing of the American Indian is a pathetic story. It is fewer than three hundred years since the white races began actively to dispos- sess him of his rightful holdings ; but the work is so far accomplished that little, if anything, is left of his former glory; and within another century the account will be closed, and he will be known only in the annals of what are called the higher civilizations, which have slowly but rudely crowded him off the earth.
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REMOVAL OF THE CHEROKEES FROM GEORGIA.
Formerly the Cherokee Indians had their hunting grounds in the hills and mountains of the State of Georgia, where the government had provided them a reservation. For many years prior to 181 7 it had been urged that the tribe was in the way of the rapidly enlarging settlements of the white race, and it was as strongly urged as necessary that the Indians should "move on;" and it was as much de- sired on the part of the Indians themselves, for their habitation was being surrounded, and the land which they possessed there was not suited to their primitive wants. They were glad of an opportunity to move westwardly. In the year 181 7 the tribe was moved to Arkansas, where they were granted lands, in exchange for their Georgia holdings ; but it was not long until another change was thought necessary. In 1828 the government made another treaty with them, the purpose of which was to secure to the tribe "a permanent home, which should, under the most solemn guaranty of the United States, be and remain theirs forever ; a home that should never, in all future time, be em-
barrassed by having extended around it the lines, nor placed over it the jurisdiction of any State or Territory, nor be pressed upon by the extension over it, in any way, of the limits of any existing State or Territory." By this treaty the Cherokee Indians exchanged their possessions in the State of Arkansas, for 7,000,000 acres in what was afterward known, and is yet known, as the Indian Territory, lying west of Arkansas and Missouri and south of Kansas; and this they were to have and to hold forever. In ad- dition to the freehold, which passed to them under this treaty, they were guaranteed per- petuity to have and enjoy an outlet to, and the unmolested use of, the country lying west of their ceded or purchased possessions, that coun- try now comprised within the limits of Okla- homa.
THE CHEROKEE NEUTRAL LANDS.
In the exchange of their Georgia posses- sions, for the lands in Arkansas, there was a money consideration, also, ' amounting to $5,000,000, in favor of the Indians, and which was not paid at the time of the treaty. Really, at the time that the Cherokee Indians were moved from the State of Georgia to the State of Arkansas there was no exchange of lands; the government gave them the Arkansas lands, and in 1835 bought their Georgia lands for $5,000,000, the government holding the money in trust for the tribe. At the time of the treaty of 1828, when 7,000,000 acres, now compris- ing the Indian Territory, were ceded to the Indians, they were dissatisfied, urging that the tract would not be sufficient for their needs. In order, therefore, to appease their dissatis- faction, the government sold them a strip of
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
land, 25 miles wide and 50 miles long, lying between the State of Missouri and the Osage Reservation, for $500,000, to be deducted from the $5,000,000 which the government owed the Cherokee Indians for their Georgia lands. This strip of land, which now comprises Cherokee and Crawford counties, was then known as the Cherokee Neutral Lands. We now come to consider some of the more interesting incidents relating to this much disputed district.
THE FIRST WHITE SETTLEMENTS.
As early as 1835 settlements by white men began to be made in what is now Cherokee County, although those who came knew that the land belonged to the Cherokee Indians. The white population grew very slowly. In the year 1842 the government endeavored to secure a tract of land on Spring River, on which to build a fort. The land belonged to John Rogers, and he demanded $4,000 for it. The officer in charge of the company of soldiers was not authorized to pay more than $1,000. As a result of the failure to get the land, the officer, under the direction of the Secretary of War, selected the site of Fort Scott, and there the fort was built and barracks erected for the garrison. This change in the govern- ment plan had the effect of checking what oth- erwise would have been a brisk immigration into the Indian lands; for in i860, 25 years after John Rogers settled in what is now Lowell township, Cherokee County, the white population of the whole Cherokee strip was only 1,500. However, by the year 1858 the settlers had become sufficiently numerous to give rise to much dissatisfaction among the Cherokee Indians; and in that year the government sent
Albert Sidney Johnston, who afterward be- came a distinguished Confederate general, to make a survey of the Cherokee lands, prepara- tory to moving the settlers off the tract. The survey being finished and duly reported to the government, Captain Lyon, who in 1861 was killed at the battle of Wilson's Creek, near Springfield. Missouri, was sent from Fort Scott, in 1859, with a battalion of soldiers, to move the settlers off. The work was com- pletely done; for, in addition to moving them off, all their improvements were burned or otherwise destroyed. James A. Sheridan, who died in Columbus only a few years ago, and who is widely remembered in Cherokee County, was among the settlers who were com- pelled to get off the lands.
THE CHEROKEE NEUTRAL LANDS SOLD TO THE CONFEDERACY.
It is almost entirely unknown, among the people now living within the limits of what was formerly known as the Cherokee Neutral Lands, now comprising Cherokee and Craw- ford counties, that these lands were pro-slavery territory for a time. On the first day of June, 1861, the council of the Cherokee Indians, act- ing under authority of the tribe, sold these ■lands to the Confederate States of America, then at war against the United States, for the consideration of $500,000, of which amount $250,000 were paid in gold, and $250,000 in Confederate money. As a further obligation on the part of the Indians, they agreed to, and did, raise two regiments of soldiers for the Confederate army, one commanded by Colonel Standwattie, the other by Col. William Penn Adair. Jefferson Davis sent Col. Albert Pike,
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as the representative of the Confederacy, to conclude the treaty with the Cherokee Indians. In 1866, D. C. Finn, who now lives in Colum- bus, was sent from Topeka. by Governor Sam- uel J. Crawford, to make an enumeration of the settlers then living on the Cherokee Neutral Lands, and also to circulate a petition among them, asking that steps be taken toward organ- izing Cherokee County. At the same time a petition was signed by a large number of the settlers, addressed to the President of the United States, asking protection of the settlers in their holdings. This petition was sent to James H. Lane, then one of the United States Senators from Kansas, and he presented it to President Johnson. For a time the President was undecided ; but Senator Lane, knowing that five years before that time the Cherokee Indians had sold the lands to the Confederacy, and being well acquainted with Col. Albert Pike, who made the purchase for the Confed- eracy, hunted up Colonel Pike, who then lived at Washington, and brought him before the President, to make a statement concerning the transaction. "Did you pay the Cherokee Indians in Confederate money, for these lands?" asked the President. "The consideration for the lands was $500,000," said Colonel Pike; "of this amount the Indians were paid $250,000 in gold, and $250,000 in Confederate money." After considering the matter for a moment, the President said : "In view of the fact that the Cherokee Indians got value received for their lands and passed title thereto to the Confed- eracy, the lands properly belong to the United States. The settlers will be protected, as far as the Indians are concerned, until the status of their treaty rights can be determined."
THE JOY PURCHASE AND THE TROUBLES THAT FOLLOWED.
In August, 1866, a treaty was made be- tween the government and the Cherokee Indi- ans, whereby the Cherokee Neutral Lands were conveyed to the United States, in trust, and the Secretary of the Interior was made the agent for selling the lands, sealed bids for which were to be filed with him for the purchase of lands, at not less than $1.25 an acre, no individual be- ing permitted to buy more than 160 acres. But this process was too slow for selling so large a body of land as 800,000 acres. The Secretary of the Interior, therefore, entered into a con- tract, August 30, 1866, for the sale of the whole tract ; but as the terms of the sale did not require an immediate payment it was set aside. An effort was then made to sell the whole tract to General Fremont ; but this failed ; and it was not until October 1, 1867, that a sale was effected. At that time James F. Joy, of Michi- gan, made a bid of $1 an acre for the entire tract ; and this being the highest and best bid, the contract was concluded. But all settlers that had been in possession of claims prior to August 10, 1866, were permitted to buy such claims at the values set by a commission ap- pointed for that purpose. These values ranged from $1.50 to $4 an acre. Some negotiations followed between the American Emigrant Company and Mr. Joy, growing out of the fact that this company was the grantee in the first sale, which had been set aside for the reason that the terms of the sale did not stipulate a cash- down payment. The company claimed that it was not any fault of theirs ; that the terms had been agreed upon, and that the government
3°
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
ought to stand to it. These negotiations were concluded, and the company, for a considera- tion of which the narrative makes not mention, transferred all its claims to Mr. Joy, and on December 18, 1868, he opened a land office in Fort Scott, offering the lands to individual buyers, at prices ranging from $2 to $5 an acre. Then it was that Mr. Joy's real trouble began. He was confronted by a condition of affairs more perplexing than the intricacies of an Indian treaty. By the time that the lands had become his, through purchase and pay- ment, more than 1,000 white settlers had se- lected claims upon the premises, and more than 5,000 people were living thereon; and they had come to stay. They believed that the Joy pur- chase was perpetrated as a fraud upon them ; that the government was recreant in its duty to protect the private citizen against the encroach- ment of great aggregations of wealth. Through the constant and persistent urging of their rights, whether real or supposed, the Leg- islature of the State took up the matter and passed resolutions declaring that the Cherokee Indians had never possessed any legal rights to the lands in question ; that even granting that they had, in the treaty of 1835, acquired any rights, those rights had been parted with when the Cheroke Indians ceded these lands to the Confederacy, in 1861, at the Tahlequah treaty; that when the United States took the lands, in trust, from the Indians, in 1866, the Indians had no title to pass, and that the trans- action was void, for that reason.
THE LAXD LEAGUE.
At the time of which I now write, the set- tlers had organized into an offensive and de- fensive body known as the Land League. They
employed William R. Laughlin to present their claims before Congress. He consulted with William Lawrence, of Ohio, Benjamin F. Butler, of Massachusetts, and George W. Julian, of Indiana. These gentlemen did what they could to determine the facts covering all the treaties concerning these lands. This they did in the light of the laws governing treaties ; and it was their finding and opinion that even if the Cherokee Indians had not parted with their title, by passing it to the Confed- eracy, the ceding of lands to Indian tribes does not carry with it the right to alienate to others, without the approval and ratification of the government. On the other hand, it was held that the Joy purchase was a valid one ; that the title passed, in fee, and that the lands had been legally conveyed to him. The controversy grew warmer, and on the part of the League grew intensely bitter. Persons entering land at the Joy land office were in many instances driven out. Capt. A. V. Peters, who had set- tled in Spring Valley township, and had pur- chased land through the Joy land office, was served with the following notice :
Petersville, June 2, 1S69. Mr. Peters — Dear Sir : I presented your case be- fore the League last night, who, after consideration, agreed to permit you to return, if you would sign an obligation to refrain from speaking, acting, writing or otherwise operating against the League, or object which that institution may have in view. Said obligation is in my hands, and the oath will be administered by me. Please call at my house immediately after you return. By order of the Spring Valley League.
William Hayhurst.
John T. Cox was the agent for the selling of the Joy lands, with his office located at Fort Scott. Many persons secretly bought land through him, but did not take possesssion of it, being intimidated by the League men, who had
Old Baptist Church, Columbus' The first church built in Columbus; now used as a blacksmith shop.
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close organization all over the lands in con- troversy. As showing the unfriendly, not to say hitter, feeling, the following resolutions, passed by the Lincoln Township League, Craw- ford County, are given in full :
First. Resolved, That if John T. Cox does establish an office in Crawford County, Kansas, for the purpose of affording the settlers an opportunity of "proving up," as it is termed, under this contract, we will hold the same as a common nuisance, working hurt, doing in- jury and annoying the people; and (the right of self- preservation being the paramount law of nature), we have the right to, and we will, abate such nuisance; peaceably, if we can; forcibly, if we must.
Second. Resolved, That any member of our League that shall refuse to assist in abating the said John T. Cox and office shall have meted out to him like treat- ment which we propose to John T. Cox.
Third. Resolved, That any person living in Lin- 'coln township who shall, after this date, "prove up'' before the said John T. Cox, under the Joy contract, shall have the same or like treatment administered to him.
Fourth. Resolved, That any one sympathizing witli or aiding or abetting the said John T. Cox, in establish- ing or maintaining his nuisance, is no better than he is, and deserves the like treatment.
Fifth. Resolved, That any settler belonging to this League who will remain firm and not "prove up," shall be protected ; and any one "proving up," or buying such settler's claim, shall never enjoy the land ; that we pledge ourselves to hang him higher than Haman, and that without benefit of clergy.
Sixth. Resolved, That we mean action, and that we will put the above resolutions in force, and that we will make an example of the first person that violates any of these resolutions.
\V. G. Cunningham, J. S. Armsworthy, W. G. Clark,
Committee.
JOY SUSTAINED.
Things ran along much in this line for a number of years, and during all the time there
was a vague uncertainty in public affairs, and this stood in the way of building up the ma- terial interests of the country. The people were watchful of those coming in from other States, for there was a determination, on the part of the League, to force the Joy faction out of the land, if within their power to do it. But the tide finally turned. On June 10, 1869, troops were sent into the Cherokee Neutral Lands. These were infantry. Three other companies joined them on August 5th, and with these a detachment of artillery came, and later, on Octo- ber 9th, a company of cavalry joined the forces already in the field. Early in 1870 one com- pany of infantry was withdrawn. The remain- ing troops were held until 1872, as by that time the force of the Leagues was reduced, and the number of persons not belonging to it had grown greater than those who belonged to or sympathized with it. But the trouble was not over until the matter had been taken to the United States Supreme Court. A test-case was brought for the purpose of determining the validity of the Joy title to the lands in dis- pute. This case was argued in the Supreme Court, April 16 and 17, 1872, and the decision was handed down November 18th of the same year. The title of the case was: "Peter F. Holden, Appellant, versus James F. Joy. Ap- pellee." Benjamin F. Butler, William Law- rence and W. S. Rockwell were the attorneys for Holden, who represented the interests of the Land Leagues, and B. R. Curtis and Wil- lard P. Hall were the attorneys for Mr. Joy. The opinion is set out in full in Book 21 of the Supreme Court Reports (The Lawyers' Co- operative Publishing Company's Edition, 1884), beginning at Page 523, and through the opinion Mr. Joy's title to the lands was de- cided valid. Practically, this was the end of
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
the operations of the Land League. In the meantime Mr. Joy had sold the lands to the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad Company, and it was for the protection of the railroad company's interests that troops had been kept in Cherokee and Crawford counties, from June 10, 1869, until December, 1872. The Supreme Court having decided the mat- ter in favor of Mr. Joy, the troops were with- drawn. Peace then settled over the broad and generally untouched prairies. Up to Decem- ber 31, 1870, the railroad company had sold 283,012 acres of the land, and had taken in $1,705,398, and the company yet owned about 400,000 acres, much of which was afterward sold at higher rates. These figures pertain to the whole tract of land formerly known as the Cherokee Neutral Lands, now embraced within Cherokee and Crawford counties.
Before leaving this particular subject, we deem it not improper here to relate a matter which, as far as we now know, has never been put into print. Through his connection with the controversy between the early settlers and James F. Joy, Benjamin F. Butler's attention was attracted to the natural resources of Chero- kee County, and particularly to the water power of Spring River. He sent an agent here to make an investigation of the stream, and it was understood at that time that it was his in- tention to buy up the land on each side of the river, build dams for securing the water power and to establish a number of manufacturing industries, an enterprise such as is now being put forward by The Spring River Power Com- pany, and which is even now well under way. General Butler died before anything had been done beyond the examination into the feasi- bility of the project, but it is believed that he fully intended to go forward with the work,
which, had he lived, would doubtless have been completed long ago.
THE TOWNSHIPS, CITIES AND TOWNS OF THE COUNTY.
Cherokee County is divided into 14 munici- pal townships, which, beginning in the north- east corner of the county, and alternating east and west, are named as follows : Pleasant View, Cherokee, Mineral, Ross, Sheridan; Lola, Salamanca, Crawford, Shawnee, Lowell, Garden, Spring Valley, Lyon and Neosho. The cities and towns are located as follows : Columbus, in Salamanca; Galena and Empire City, in Lowell ; Baxter Springs, in Spring Valley ; Scammon, in Mineral ; Weir City, in Cherokee ; Mineral City, in Ross. The towns are as follows : Lawton, Pleasant View and Kniveton, in Pleasant View; Turck and Stipp- ville, in Mineral ; Cokedale, Folsom and Stone City, in Ross ; Sherman City, in Sheridan ; Hallowell and Sherwin, in Lola ; Quaker Val- ley, in Crawford; Crestline and Peacock, in Shawnee; Lowell, in Garden; Neutral, in Spring Valley ; Keelville, in Lyon ; Melrose and Faulkner, in Neosho.
THE FIRST SETTLERS
That came to what is now Cherokee County were David M. Harlan, Richard Fields, George Fields, John Rogers and Dennis Wolf. Har- lan settled two and a half miles east of the pres- ent site of Baxter Springs. John Rogers set- tled where the town of Lowell now stands, while the Fields brothers and Wolf settled far- ther north, all in what is now Garden town- ship. They came in 1835. All these men were one-fourth Indian blood; their wives were
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white women. All of them were natives of Georgia, and were of the Cherokee tribe. Har- lan and Rogers were commissioners in behalf of the Cherokees in the treaty of 1817, when the Indians were ceded lands in Arkansas, and afterwards in the Indian Teritory. These men had some kind of misunderstanding with their tribal officers in the Territory, and on account of this they, with their families, with- drew and came north. Mrs. Lucinda Harlan Willard, who now lives in Baxter Springs, and who is a daughter of David M. Harlan, was born two and a half miles east of Baxter Springs. June 28, 1840. She is now 64 years old, and she has lived all her life in this county. I visited her at her home, on June 24, 1904, when she talked freely about the incidents of the early days. When a child she saw deer, antelope and buffalo in large herds by day, and at night she often heard the coyotes and gray wolves as if the whole earth were alive with them. According to the information ob- tained from her, A. Baxter, who laid a claim, where the big spring flows out of the hill, from which Baxter Springs was named, settled there about the year 1850. He came from some place in Missouri, and after settling near the spring he built a small tavern, for the accom- modation of the few travelers passing over the country in those days. He did not seem to care much for the accumulation of property. Living was cheap, game was plentiful, and he was satisfied with making a little money. He was an infidel and in some other ways a hard man. He got into trouble with a man by the name of Commons, who had settled on the east side of Spring River, about three miles northeast of Baxter's place; he wanted the claim on which Commons had located, and he threatened violence, if Commons refused to
move off. Baxter probably wanted the claim for his son-in-law, who is said to have been a nondescript character and a kind of depend- ent. Baxter, accompanied by his son-in-law and another man, whose names I have not been able to get, went across the river and started up toward where Commons lived, for the purpose of driving out the latter. Com- mons, in some way, heard that they were com- ing, and he called in a friend to help him in the defense of his rights, the possession of the claim. As Baxter and his companions ap- proached the log house in which Commons and his force were fortified, they opened fire on Baxter and his companions. The fire was re- turned. Baxter and his son-in-law were killed, as was the man whom Commons had called in to aid in repelling the invasion. There was not much excitement over the tragedy, chiefly for the reason that there were not many people to become excited. The remaining part of Bax- ter's family, when the war came on, joined their fortunes with the Confederacy, went south and were never heard of any more. Da- vid M. Harlan, Mrs. Willard's father, lived several years after the close of the war; but of John Rogers, the Fields brothers and Dennis Wolf little, if anything, is known as to what be- came of them. Upon the scenes of those early days the curtain has fallen. Later events have come trooping on down through the years, and the perspective of memory, with those who can recall much of that which entered into the for- mer annals of the land, narrows down to a mere point in the distance. Beyond that one has to depend upon tradition, whose weak and often broken threads give but a vague, uncer- tain conception of the incidents of prehistoric times. Here are found the mists and the shad- ows which dim the vision, and which, like the
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
mantle of charity, shut out many a grewsome scene. The historian must content himself this side of the line which lies between tradition and the field of known facts.
It is thought best to take up the townships in the order in which they are usualy men- tioned, and give what facts can be obtained of their early settlers. Some of these facts will give to some of the townships a larger men- tion that can be made of others, for the reason that a few persons have done what they can to aid in this work, while others, though equally interested, have given it no attention at all.
Pleasant View. — This township, in the northeast corner of the county, had a few very early settlers ; and it was due chiefly to this fact that the town of Pleasant View, if it was ever proper to call it a town, was the first county seat, a distinction which the historian must not overlook. Walter Merrick was about the first settler in the township. He was born in Jasper County, Missouri, in 1841. When he was 20 years old, he enlisted in the 6th Kansas Cav- alry and served to the close of the wTar. In 1865 he moved to Cherokee County, settling in this township, where he now lives, and where he owns a fine farm. John H. Scott, now liv- ing in Columbus, came to the township in 1866; and about the same time John Rawlings, Henry Stuckey, Lawrence Conklin and Joseph Galpine settled in the township. There were some incidents out of the ordinary run of things, even in frontier life. A man, whose name I have been unable to get, was seined out of Spring River, near Merrick's ford, near Waco, Missouri; and a man by the name of Wyrick was suspected of being his murderer. Both had lived in Pleasant View township. Another man by the name of Estes was sus- pected as being associated with Wyrick in the
foul deed. The few settlers in the township got together and ran them out of the coun- try. They never returned. About that time a man by the name of Gifford was suspected of stealing cattle. He was taken out by the people and hanged to a tree, in broad day light. Nothing was said of the matter ; and there was no effort made to prosecute those engaged in the execution of the spspected man. It was in the manner of frontier life, before there were any courts in the county, and the people would not wait the slow processes of law which would make it necessary to take the case to the court at Fort Scott. As early as 1868 Harry Hem- ming, A. O. Webb. Henry Rice, John H. Dyer, Levi Keithley. A. Lamb, G. Keith, S. B. Crist and James H. Dyer were among the citizens of Pleasant View township. There was also P. Pattyson and D. A. Stephens.
Cherokee. — This township formerly in- cluded what is now known as Mineral town- ship; and a mentioning of the old settlers will include those who came to both, or the terri- tory now covered by both. Among the early settlers of the township may be mentioned : D. M. Easley, H. A. Markham, William Vin- cent, M. Burns, H. J. Helmick, W. H. Hill, Byron Potter, William H. Baker, W. Ellis, W. C. Davis, James Kennedy, Darius Pattyson, F. V. Henry, A. Louther and James H. Story. The dates of the settlement of these can not now be given ; but it is of record that they were citizens of the township at an early time in the history of the county.
Ross. — This township lies west of the pres- ent township of Mineral, and east of Sheridan. C. C. Hyde, G. M. Edgemond. H. G. May. Isaac Parker, A. Hillard, A. B. Kirk. O. B. Ferris, I. N. Smith. B. F. Wells, M. Allen, J. F. Rice, William Benham, Daniel Edge-
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mond, William Whitson, J. M. Wills, D. Wick- off, R. M. Elliott, J. M. Jordan, George Mc- Clure, S. Sellers, W. Evans, George W. Hoyt and Walter B. McCormick, came early to the township and were prominently known in its affairs.
Sheridan. — The following names may be taken from among the first settlers of Sheri- dan township : Wesley Howard, W. H. An- gell, Alfred Landstrum, M. B. Clingler, John M. Maher, Alfred Spence, S. B. Matthews, William McGibony, William Westervelt, Stephen McClure, L. C. Branson, Robert Rat- cliff and William Savers.
Lola. — Jacob Galer, Samuel Megenity, Joseph T. Martin. William Smith. W. W. Warren. H. E. Durkee, William Rogers, C. A. McNeill, William A. Clevenger, John Buck- master, W. Dunbar, G. Dobbins, Clinton Mc- Mickle, W. C. Pender, Samuel Ollenger, T. S. Cookston, James Pendergrass, and Alvin Gar- rison came early to what is now Lola township.
Salamanca. — This township had its share of the early settlers. John Whitcraft, who is 76 years old, and who now lives in Columbus, came to the township in April, 1866. He kept a little store at Millersburg, the glory of which has long since passed away-; and there he sold goods and provisions to the few settlers then there, whose manners and customs were primi- tive and simple, and whose wants were few and easily satisfied. Eugene F. Ware, now United States Commissioner of Pensions, who came to Cherokee County, with his brother, and was taking his place among the early set- tlers, was one of Mr. Whitcraft's best cus- tomers. Mr. Ware was a young man, who had laid a claim on a quarter section up in Ross township, and he was then breaking the virgin soil, with a big plow drawn by four yoke
of oxen. He was a sturdy yeoman among his fellows, all of whom liked him for his sim ■ plicity of manner, his sterling integrity and his native brilliancy of intellect. Mr. Ware yet owns a large and very valuable tract of land in Ross township. Of the other settlers of Sala- manca township mention must be made of James, George and Hamilton Corbin, three brothers who came in 1865, or early in 1S66. They were here before John Whitcraft came. H. A. Scovell, who now lives in Columbus, and his brother, Hannibal Scovell, who lives in Galena, laid claim on the east half of section 13, Salamanca township, in the fall of 1867. H. A. Scovell sold his claim to S. S. Smith, and Hannibal Scovell sold his to George Souder. A part of the city of Columbus stands on this tract of land, and the principal street of the city runs transversely across it, from east to west. Other names of early settlers of this township are : F. Fry, John Appleby, Charles E. Hyde, A. Hudson, Daniel Johnston, Wil- liam Swanson and Merida Allen.
Crawford. — J. P. Hanson, now living in Columbus, came to Crawford township No- vember 9, 1867. He at once took a claim on the southwest quarter of section 18, in that township. John Davis settled on Brush Creek, about two miles east of Columbus, in 1865. William Davis came the next year. James F. Pitzer and Zabrina Williams came in the spring of 1867. W. H. Layne also came at that time. Mr. Layne was afterward elected sheriff. He yet lives in the county. Some of the early settlers are : C. W. Willey, Andrew Hus- ton, J. S. Vincent, William Baker, Milton Douglass, E. W. Hall, William Horner, W. S. Martin, and G. W. Wood.
Shawnee. — The following settlers came to Shawnee township as early as 1866: H. G.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Clem, Matthew Raulston, J. R. Burrows, A. Lynch, E. C. Wells, G. Hutsell, J. J. Wells, Philip Cogswell, John Bird, John Springer; and later came R. D. Ellis, Zimri Dixon, F. M. Beatty, E. D. Lutes, John Robinson, Clem- mons Lisle, Dr. Harrington, Dr. Calvin C. McDowell. Wirt McDowell, Henry Wiggins, Joseph McBride, Jacob Martin, Riley Burris, William Lewis, S. J. Ellis and Basil Wiggins. The first Methodist church organized in the county was organized at the house of Dr. Mc- Dowell, who was a prominent leader in that denomination. Mrs. Gates, who now lives in Columbus, was one of the members. Shaw- nee township was more thickly settled at first, on account of the woodlands along the streams, and on account of the numerous springs of good water.
Loiicll. — Originally, the township of Low- ell included what is now known as Garden township. In giving the names of the first settlers it is necessary to speak of the two as one. Elsewhere in this chapter David M. Harlan, George and Richard Fields. John Rog- ers and Dennis Wolf are mentioned as settling in this part of what is now Cherokee County. They came in 1835, when the country was a wilderness, 19 years before the territorial gov- ernment of Kansas was organized. The next settler was Charles D. Merrick, who came from Jasper County, Missouri, and settled near the present site of the town of Lowell, in 1842. He was perhaps the first settler not of Indian blood, except the wives of the first settlers men- tioned in this paragraph. Later yet, among the early settlers of the county, came J. J. Ken- ley, Thomas Miller, J. M. Wilson, William Hayhurst. J. M. Ritchey, H. R. Hubbard, John Fisher, Thomas May, W. H. Peters and J. J. Murray.
Garden.- — It has been my good fortune to get from Henry Mitchell, an old settler of this township, a carefully written history of its set- tlement, or the settlement of that part of the original territory of Lowell township which is now known as Garden township. From his ac- count I glean a large amount of interesting matter. He speaks of David M. Harlan, James and Richard Fields, Dennis Wolf, John Ely, William Bly, Ira Goddard and a man by the name of Rogers as having settled in what is now Garden township. He speaks also of Cal- vin James, who built some cabins on the west side of Spring River, above the mouth of Shoal Creek, and broke out some prairie land, which land is now owned by the widow and children of John Pearson. A school was taught there by Penina Lisle, in 1859, which he says must have been the first school taught in what is now Cherokee County. In 1858 the lands west of the James place were improved by Dr. Dowdna, a Quaker from Barnesville, Ohio. Dr. Dowdna planted a nursery containing 20,- 000 grafts, which was the first nursery in the county. Some of the trees from this nursery compose the old orchard on the Cox place: and there is just one left on the site of the nursery. Dr. Dowdna kept the. first post office estab- lished in the county. Mr. Mitchell's account of the killing of a man by the name of Baxter varies some from the account given by Mrs. Willard, mentioned elsewhere in this chapter. Mr. Mitchell says that the tragedy grew out of a quarrel between Baxter and a man bv the name of Rogers, concerning a payment on a land deal which had taken place some time be- fore. It seems that Baxter had a widowed daughter by the name of Carr. She sold some land to Rogers, and he, in turn, sold it to David B. Commons. The quarrel between
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Baxter and Rogers occurred in i860. Both were killed, as also a man by the name of Mor- ris. In the fall of 1862 Mr. Commons was compelled to move his family away, on account of the war. He moved to Coffey County, where he died in the fall of 1863. At the close of the war Mrs. Commons and the children returned to the old home, where she died in 1893. George O. Harvey, who now lives in the Quaker Valley, married a daughter of Mrs. Commons. In i860 Thomas Archer, a son-in- law of David M. Harlan, lived on the place known as the Hinkle farm, just south of Stan- ley mines. The place now owned by George Wallace, on the east side of Lowell prairie, is the place where David M. Harlan settled in 1835. In the year 1858, Benjamin Hiatt, a Mr. Jennings, a Mr. Spurgeon and a Mr. Stiles came from Tennessee and settled on the prairie now bearing the name of that state. At the close of the war Benjamin Meeker, Andrew Wooten and Benjamin Pickett came on a tour of inspection. Meeker purchased the claim of a man by the name of Heep, and moved on it on February 26, 1866. In January of that year George \V. Fulkerson, with a son and daugh- ter, came to the township, from Linn County, Kansas; and in March of that year, David Bodlv, Alonzo Adams Green, Thomas and Al- bert McDowell came into the community. La- fayette McDowell came later. He improved a place and sold it to C. W. Harvey in 1867. Ephraim Harvey and sons now own the place. Spring Valley. — Some of the old settlers of this township came at an early time. Of some of these I shall give an account in the history of Baxter Springs, in this volume. Among those found among the records are the follow- ing: E. J. Trimble, T. D. Lake, J. Sloan, J. S. King, William H. Chew, W. P. Eddy, 6.
P. Farley, Thomas Pennington, Andrew J Williams, G. Van Winkle, L. P. Johnson. J M. Raney, H. S. Ross, A. P. Steel, C. M. Tay- lor, J. M. Davis, S. B. Apple, Charles Eddy. A. C. Griffin, M. J. Vance, Thomas Griffith L. A. Gibbons and E. W. Leake.
Lyon. — Leander Mulliken, E. Holcomb S. T. Kennedy, John Peterson, O. O. Potter C. A. Williamson, A. S. Dennison, C. D. Price C. T. Cowan, H. Reynolds and C. H. Cornish are some of the first settlers. To these may be added F. M. B. Amos, E. Botsford and J. Cooper. These may not include the very first settlers in Lyon township, but they are among those who took an active part in affairs of the township as early as 1869.
Neosho. — Prominent among the early set- tlers of Neosho township these names may be mentioned : A. J. Eggy, James Norris, S. W. Vanatta, D. P. Bullock, J. C. Kimmons, J. Kelsow, James Songer, L. N. Beaman, D. J. Churchhiil, FI. H. Abbott, F. J. Jones, N. C. Turner, W. W. Hinton, J. P. Owens, A. Dolby, J. N. Box, J. D. Dunaway, Ira Wilson and L. F. McAleer. Also E. M. McPherson, W. E. Brooks, Hugh Smith and S. F. Mc- Aleer.
THE OLD SETTLERS' ANNUAL REUNION.
The people of Cherokee County, like those of the other parts of the State of Kansas, are extremely social. With the older settlers, when they have finished their chase after fortune, some now resting at ease in the enjoyment of that which they have accumulated, while others are nervous and restless over what they con- sider to be failure, there is a disposition occa- sionally to get together and talk over the inci- dents of early life in the county, in the doing
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
of which memories may be refreshed and many an event recalled which had become obscure through the winding vicissitudes of busy lives. Unlike the Athenians, who, it is said, delighted in relating and hearing things which were new, the people of Cherokee County are fond of dwelling upon things which run back to the old days. The mists of time-dust may hang over the scenes, and the perspective of inter- vening years may narrow down an event to a mere outline, so that none but the sharp partic- ulars can be seen ; but the scenes seem the more interesting because the more removed, as dis- tance lends enchantment to the view.
About the year 1893 the Cherokee County Old Settlers' Reunion was organized, in con- nection with the county fair, then being held annually, on the old fair ground, in the north- west part of Columbus. A. S. Dennison was elected the first president, and E. R. Pattyson was the first secretary. It was the plan to hold it annually ; but the county fair for want of interest on the part of the people, was not held the next year, nor at any following year. The reunion was discontinued with the fair. One or two years afterward, S. O. McDowell, then mayor of the city of Columbus, agitated the matter of reviving the reunion, claiming that it would be sustained, if held apart from any other association. It was reorganized, and the park in the southern part of the city was se- cured for holding it. S. O. McDowell was elected president, and he held the office for two years. The association did not get along very well, and be urged that it be abandoned ; and so it was; but the people the next year reor- ganized it and elected A. S. Dennison its presi- dent, and he was five times reelected. He was succeeded by W. J. Moore, and he by E. R. Pat- tyson, who was president for the year closing
in August, 1904. The officers of the associa- tion, for the year ending August, 1905, are: A. S. Dennison, president; J. Wilbur Logan, secretary; John E. Tutton, treasurer; and S. P. Salisbury, manager of the grounds.
The primary object of the reunion associa- tion was to provide for an annual meeting of the old settlers of Cherokee County, to be held during four days, beginning on Tuesday after the first Monday in the month of August ; and growing out of this purpose, as incidental thereto, it was to afford an opportunity for speeches, historical and biographical sketches, the reading of manuscripts, papers and for such other communications as would pertain to the history of the county, from its first settlement on down to the present. In a sentence, it was for the purpose of keeping alive a correct knowdedge of the events which ought to enter into and make up the social history of the county, in a way of such interest as would hold the people in a sufficient fondness of the mat- ter to prompt them to keep the organization alive and active and to continue it through the generations as they in turn take their places as the years go on. Unhappily, the real purpose of the association has not been attained. It re- quired some money, though not much, to get the matter under way, and to keep it going; and, in order to raise such money, a casting about was indulged for the employment of some expedient to that end. The amusement idea was suggested, and it was as readily taken into the plan. Here lies the danger to the life and effectiveness of the association. The amusement feature, being considered essential to the material support of the undertaking, must be nourished and maintained; if nour- ished and maintained, it must grow ; if it con- tinues to grow, it will overshadow all other
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considerations, and as a result the old-settler feature will die out and disappear. Even now, lh' iugh the organization is young, the books and papers of the association have been lost, and little, if anything, has been done toward preserving a well formulated history of the county.
It is beginning to be felt, on the part of the oldest settlers of the county now living, that the primary purpose of the association must be better guarded and protected, which it is pos- sible to do without making the meetings less attractive to all classes that it is right and proper to be received on the grounds. The best thought will be followed, and whatever wrong or injurious features that have been per- mitted will be quietly left off, while others, looking to better results, will be added.
Among the attractions which have been profitably employed is that of having speeches, essays, addresses, historic descriptions, a pro- gram of vocal and instrumental music and an occasional light play. Among the local speak- ers who along through the years have ad- dressed the association are : Judge W. B. Glasse, E. M. Tracewell, Col. R. W. Blue, Judge A. H. Skidmore, R. M. Cheshire, Judge Edward E. Sapp, W. J. Moore, William F. Sapp, Dr. Martin, G. W. Canfield, C. S. Bow- man, Henry Mitchell, Mrs. Sarah Edgemond, W. R. Cowley, Senator M. A. Housholder and John R. Wright. Speakers from abroad have been Judge H. G. Webb, Editor Price, of Cher- okee, Kansas, Congressman S. S. Kirkpatrick, Congressman A. M. Jackson, Rev. Mr. Bram- hall, Congressman Charles Curtis, Congress- man Phil Campbell, Clarence Lansdon, and Mr. Flannagan, of Charthage, Missouri.
As indicating the interest which the old set- tlers take in the meetings of the association,
and as showing that my criticism of its plan, expressed in one of the foregoing paragraphs, may not be altogether proper, it is thought to be an encouraging matter to give a list of the old settlers, whose names were taken at the last two days of the association's meeting in Au- gust, 1904. They are the names of those who actually attended the meetings at that time. The locations given are the locations of the set- tlements, and not the places where the persons now live. The list begins with those who came first, and the order is followed throughout :
Year 1840; Mrs. A. Willard, formerly Miss Harlan, born in what is now Garden township.
Year 1842; Walter Merrick, then one year old, was brought by his parents to what is now Garden township. The family moved back to Jasper County, Missouri, in 1843.
Year 1865 ; Walter Merrick, Pleasant View township ; David Treat.
Year 1866; J. H. Galpine, Pleasant View township; S. D. Newton, Lyon township; Dr. J. W. Jane, Baxter Springs; W. H. Layne, Crawford township; Mrs. Rose Maxton, Crawford township ; Mrs. Mary Ridge, Sheri- dan township; Leslie Patterson, Ross town- ship; H. S. Davis, Baxter Springs; G. W. Can- field, Lola township ; John A. Rawlings, Pleas- ant View township; John Whitcraft, Ross township; W. N. Stowell, Spring Valley town- ship ; J. G. Coldiron, Pleasant View township ; W. H. Peters, Lowell township; B. Alsenz, Spring Valley.
Year 1867; C. W. Harvey, Lowell town- ship; Fred Bennett, Pleasant View township; William March, Baxter Springs; W. A. El- liott; Benjamin Capron, Crawford township; Ira Easterling, Crawford township; Mr. and Mrs. A. S. Dennison, Baxter Springs;
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
C. H. Scott, Pleasant View township; Hanni- bal Scovell and H. A. Scovell, Columbus; James Hanson, Crawford township ; E. R. Pat- tyson, Pleasant View township ; William Ba- ker, Crawford township; Joseph Wallace, Spring- Valley township; Mrs. Odell Filler, Columbus; T. J. Wilson, Sheridan township; E. B. Older, Baxter Springs; George Craw- ford, Crawford township ; W. P. Eddy, Spring Valley township.
Year 1868; C. N. Wager, Pleasant View township ; Matthias Hook, Lola township ; G. W. Douglass, Crawford township ; J. W. Jacobs, Spring Valley township; C. A. Mid- daugh, Columbus ; George Martin, Lola town- ship.
Year 1869; C. W. Thomas, Pleasant View township; C. J. Peterson, Shawnee township; A. D. Watts, Ross township; C. A. McNeill and E. V. McNeill, Lola township; R. D. Ellis and J. H. Ellis, Shawnee township ; W. V. York, Shawnee township; John Albertson, Mineral township; H. R. Sadler, Crawford township ; Henry Howey, Pleasant View township ; Mrs. Anna Lisle, Columbus ; Jerry Schock, Columbus ; W. A. Brentlinger.
Year 1 870 ; Gus Foster, Columbus ; James Broadley, Neosho township ; John Grow, Ross township; Leander Mulliken, Lyon township; H. Kinnaman, Spring Valley township ; E. Chase and J. P. Parr, Salamanca township; Theodore Goldsbury, Columbus; A. T. Lea, Columbus; Fred Cowley, Columbus: William Miller, Spring Valley township ; S. W. Smith, Lola township.
Year 1871 ; J. R. Carter, Salamanca town- ship ; B. W. Martin, Columbus.
Year 1872; John Ratcliff, Salamanca town- ship; W. B. Lowry; John Hogg, Columbus; J. T. Small, Pleasant View township.
Year 1873; A. B. Saunders, Columbus; J. C. Broadley, Neosho township; John Gray, Mineral township; J. H. Rhea; Lewis Prell, Spring Valley township; P. F. Shackle, Co- lumbus; L. M. Holmes, Salamanca township; Mrs. Kate Vincent Cool, Columbus; J. A. Miller, Mineral township; M. R. Chiisman, Columbus.
Year 1874; James Skidmore, Columbus; A. J. Jameson, Columbus; George M. Barrick. Lola township; C. W. Raymer, Lyon town- ship; W. Fierce, Neosho township; Phil C. Metzler, Mrs. Margaret Metzler and Mrs. Kate Gallagher, Columbus; Mrs. Mary Goes.
Year 1875; Dr. J. O. Houx, Columbus; L. W. Medlin, Lowell township.
Year 1876; John Huff, Shawnee township; S. P. Salisbury, Quaker Valley; A. H. Skid- more, Columbus.
Year 1877; W. J. Houston, Pleasant View township; W. R. Elliott, Galena; Mrs. Hattie DeVoe Capron, Crawford township ; W. B. Stone, Galena.
Year 1878; C. M. Skinner, Salamanca township; J. C. Babb, Galena; William Mas- ters and Charles E. Masters, Salamanca town- ship ; W. L. Ireland, Neosho township ; T. J. Skinner, Salamanca townsHp.
Year 1879; Mrs. Susan Pennock; J. C. Mahood, Galena; C. D. Ashley, Columbus; Mrs. Ellen Richardson and Mrs. Fred Cowley, Columbus ; M. A. Housholder, Columbus.
Year 1880; E. B. Davis, Lyon township; Andrew Shearer, Lyon township; E. W. Coo- ter, Salamanca township; J. C. Little. Colum- bus.
Year 1881 ; Michael Mover and George Moyer, Salamanca township; R. A. Burton, Lola township; H. M. Schock, Columbus; C. C. Thompson, Salamanca township.
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Year 1882; James Morrow, Lyon town- ship; T. G. Hicks; W. C. B. Davis, Lyon town- ship ; L. S. Tanquary, Columbus ; C. H. May, Ross township.
Year 1883; J. S. Moore; M. R. Steward and B. F. Steward, Columbus ; J. H. Arm- strong, Salamanca township; Isaac Wright and Mrs. Iowa Wright, Columbus ; Mrs. Ida Archer, Columbus.
Year 1884; W. L. Hamlet, Shawnee town-
ship; Mr. and Mrs. A. Miller, Columbus; R. M. Cheshire, Columbus; W. B. Duncan, Sala- manca township.
The foregoing list may not include, and perhaps does not include, all the old settlers that attended the reunion. The names of those who have lived in the county fewer than 20 years were not sought, as it is an unwritten rule that one is not an old settler until he has been in the county 20 or more years.
SOME EARLY DOCUMENTS, LETTERS AND OTHER THINGS.
After I had about completed the history of Cherokee County, using such material as it had been my fortune to secure, it chanced that a number of documents, letters and other things came into my possession. They are here given as additional information concerning the early struggles of the people who came to make homes in the Cherokee Neutral Lands district. Some of these old papers will be read with much interest by the early settlers yet living, while the younger generations cannot fail of being impressed with an idea of the hardships which their ancestry bore, for the sake of their own immediate comfort and the yet greater comfort and happinesss of their descendants.
In 1867, William H. Dodge published a little pamphlet, entitled "Dodge's Sectional Map of the Cherokee Neutral Lands," with a description of the country and an invitation to immigrants. A good copy of the map itself is not available for reproduction, but the pam- phlet is interesting, as it is a rather minute de- scription of the country. In his preface Mr. Dodge says :
"The many favorable accounts of the Cher- okee Neutral Lands I received, while vainly searching for United States Public Lands, on which to make a home, in Southwest Missouri, induced me to go and see it; and on reaching it, I learned that the treaty with the Cherokee
Indians, by which these lands were obtained for white settlement, was so framed by the commissioners who treated for the lands as to give railroads and other land speculating com- panies an immense advantage over the settlers, who are justly fearful that some 'trick of state- craft' so often practiced now-a-days by our government officials, will deprive them of their little improvements, and to prevent which they are organized in neighborhood clubs. As no correct information could be got (without per- sonal inspection) of the character of these lands, or the late surveys of it, to guide the emigrant, or to enable many of the settlers to get the numbers of the lands they are on, to- gether with the many rumors of these lands being sold in a body to this, that or the other land speculating company, increasing the ap- prehension of the settlers, and creating the general belief that the Secretary of the Inte- rior, the commissioners, half the members of Congress, and all the Railroad Companies were designing another gigantic land swindle to rob the settlers and emigrants of their hard earnings, I resolved to make a complete and correct map of the country, while in it. which I did by tracing the section lines, and wrote out, as best I could, the following imperfect description of the country, and publish both to induce and direct immigration to fill it up be-
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fore government schemers can accomplish their hellish design of enslaving western emi- grants— the most useful class of American citizens — by depriving them of this last chance to get homes, without patronizing that mon- strous and shameless curse to our country, Land Speculators."
The author of the pamphlet then goes on to give a description of his travels over the entire Cherokee Neutral Lands district. That part of his travels which relates to the lands now forming Cherokee County is here given in his own language :
"There is considerable settlements on Lower Cow Creek and its tributaries. The towns of Neutral City and Pleasant View are located here on the military road. All the good timber is claimed by settlers, but many of these timbered claims are offered for sale cheap, and immense tracts of excellent prairie land lies here, yet unclaimed, inviting immi- gration. Mills and machinery of every de- scription is much needed here and would pay handsomely for such enterprise.
"Went then to the Missouri line, fixing the point where Spring River enters (the state), and tracing it thence to where it makes its final exit from the Neutral Lands, locating its tributaries, Centre, Turkey, Short. Shoal, Shawnee, and Crooked Creeks. Spring River is a bold rapid stream of clear water, about one hundred and fifty feet wide, ten inches deep on the shoals at low water, running over a rocky and pebble bed, and affording great water power and fine mill seats. Shoal Creek, its principal tributary, is nearly as large as Spring River, and of the same character, affording the same advantages — both skirted by large bodies of good timber. The mill seats and timber claims on these streams are all taken
up, some of them are offering for sale at from $1,200 to $2,000.
"Timbered hills come quite down to Spring River on the side next to Missouri, along Shoal Creek, giving an abundance of mill timber. Enterprising men are erecting mills at and near the mouth of Shoal Creek, where the town of Lowell is laid out, which has superior advantages to build up a town. With unsurpassed water power, an inexhaust- ible supply of good timber in the midst of a great farming country, and bounded by Long and Tennessee prairies on the east, Round and Kretchfield prairies on the north, Spring River prairie on the south and the great fertile Neu- tral Lands on the west, is destined to make a considerable town in a few years.
"Baxter, two miles south of Lowell, west side of Spring River, is a rival town. It at- tained a start and some note as a military post during the late war, but even with that start it cannot compete with Lowell for manufact- uring importance.
"Wirtonia, located at the forks of Shaw- nee Creek, is another 'would-be town' like Neutral City and Pleasant View, boasts of two dwellings and a store, and all of them, with Baxter, are making pretensions for the future county seat of Cherokee County; but from their geographical positions, and the general wish of the settlers to locate the county seat in the center of the county, I predict that ' neither of these places will get it. I would respectfully suggest Centralia as a proper place for the future county seat of Cherokee County. It is a beautiful and elevated point, commanding a very extensive view of the sur- rounding country. The soil of the Spring River country is generally a gray clay, grav- elly in places, and said to be excellent for small
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
grain. There is also fine tracts of black land in the valleys of Shawnee and Crooked Creeks, well adapted to raising corn. * * * The prairie near Spring River is rolling, with many beautiful mounds and gentle elevations, affording splendid building sites. * * * Many springs of pure and some of mineral, waters greet the traveler and emigrant to this country, that gives it a peculiar charm and fas- cinating interest. There is considerable set- tlement here; new houses dotting the prairie miles out from timber, indicating the indus- try, and great numbers of the hardy frontiers- men that have chosen these beautiful and fer- tile lands for their future homes, and yet there is room for four times as many more.
"Crossed westward over the high ridge, or plain, that rises near Fort Scott, bending a little westward around the head of Drywood Creek runs thence — nearly due south the en- tire length of the Neutral Lands, terminating at the Blue Mounds in the government strip — the projected Kansas City and Mexican Gulf Railroad, by the way of Fort Scott and Fort Gibson, will probably be located on this ridge or plain, dividing, as it does, the streams that run southeast into Spring River from those that run southwest into the Neosho River.
"This plain, or table land, is of so easy ascent and so broad that the traveler scarcely knows when he is on top of it, which is gently rolling * * * rising in places into mounds and promontories where limestone and sand- stone appear on the surface, and wide valleys with gentle slopes between them.
"This vast prairie is generally good land — black, red and gray clay soil, gravelly in places, with occasional spots covered with an incrustation of evaporated white salicious mat- ter, miscalled 'alkali.' This vast prairie is al-
most uninhabited, but it will not long remain so. as no part of it is too far from timber to haul lumber for building, and there are signs everywhere of stone coal to furnish fuel to the thousands of families who will find here the elements out of which to make comforta- ble homes * * *.
"Continuing westward, traced Tar and Keel creeks to where they pass the southern boundary of Kansas into the Quap-paw lands. Tar Creek is covered in places with a black oily scum that oozes, out from its banks, indi- cating the presence of petroleum somewhere close by, perhaps in the coal beds underlying the high plain just described, whose black soil in many places looks greasy, which with this tar on the water warrants me in pronouncing this an oil region * * *.
"Traced Fly, Maple, Lost and Cherry creeks and the Neosho River to the mouth of Lightning Creek, which is a curiosity in itself. The creek forks twice, and runs in every direction, the prongs crooking and wind- ing everyway and everywhere in dense tim-
"The Neosho River is a sluggish, deep stream, about one hundred yards wide, of dirty looking water; it is fordable for one on horse- back sometimes, but it is not safe to cross at some of the fords, as its banks are boggy in places. There is a ferry near the mouth of the Lebet River, from which point down the Neosho may be made navigable for small boats in the winter and spring seasons.
"The face of the country along the Neosho is nearly level ; immense marshes, caused by the overflow of the stream, extending along them for miles * * *. These marshes produce the finest grasses on which stock of ever)' kind keep in good condition 'the year
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round,' requiring very little feed or attention, and which, if cut in proper season, makes ex- cellent hay * * *.
"The west half of Cherokee County is perhaps not so much settled as the east half, and the people take less interest in public mat- ters, such as securing the offices and getting the county seat over to their side of the county, but they are unanimously opposed to specula- tion in land in all its forms, and in favor of the county seat being made at the centre of the county, and like the people of Crawford Coun- ty are in favor of the county owning the sec- tion of land the future county seat will be built upon, which will give all the people an equal benefit of the increased price of town lots * * *. The general wish of the peo- ple of Cherokee County to have the county seat at the centre of the county, has induced some 'patriotic' persons to claim the town site I have indicated on the map as Centralia, but these 'public spirited men' have misjudged the character of these honest, hardy frontiers- men if they think to speculate in this way, for if they are not willing to take a fair remunera- tion for the improvements they hold, or may claim to hold when the voice of the people shall demand it in the name of the county, they may be politely invited to leave the coun- try."
After thus giving a running desciption of the country, which will enable the reader to get a generally fair idea of what it was before any implements of tillage were applied to dis- turb the virgin soil, the author proceeds to issue an "Invitation to Emigrants ;" and with the invitation he also lays down some sugges- tions to those who may be mindful of journey- ing to this goodly land. He also indulges in what some may term vituperative censure of
the high officials of the day, who are mildly charged with conspiring against the interests of the people. Here is what he says :
"Having got around to where I com- menced, completing the data to make a cor- rect map of the Neutral Lands, it is my duty to the people to extend to them the invitation of the settlers, to all who want homes to emi- grate to, and take possession of, these fine farm lands, which will strengthen the cause of the settlers against land speculators, and, by virtue of great numbers, command the respect of Congress, so as to get an act passed recog- nizing the rights of the settlers.
"In the hope of contributing something to this end, I will state a few facts that all may know the unsearchable virtues ( ?) of some of our government officials who, in place of being our servants, try to become our masters.
"The Commissioners who made the treaty with the Cherokee Indians, by which these lands were obtained for white settlement, in- serted two remarkable provisions in it, for reasons best known to themselves and those who sent them to make such treaty. One of these provisions is that 'no preemption or homestead claim shall be recognized, except improvements made before the treaty, July, 1866!' when the country was occupied by In- dians and no white settlers in it. This pro- vision is contrary to existing laws making all unappropriated lands of the United States or Territories subject to the preemption and homestead laws; the other and most extraor- dinary provision of this treaty empowers the Secretary of the Interior to sell the whole eight hundred thousand acres in a body. This again is a violation of the laws regulating the sale of United States public lands in subdi- visions by the local land officers, for which all
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
surveys are made. But these commissioners, like many others of the 'big fish' of our times, do not regard the laws or care what becomes of the 'small fry,' where there is a chance of getting rich by violating law and the plain principles of justice, if there is any possibility of succeeding in such unprincipled villainy. I don't make any charges against those silk stocking government gentlemen ; but I ask all sensible men if these unusal, unnecessary and unlawful changes in the manner of dispos- ing of public lands don't look like these com- missioners and the Secretary of the Interior designed to perpetrate a monstrous fraud by a wholesale robbery of the frontiersmen, whom they knew would emigrate to and fill up these fine farming lands as soon as the In- dians should remove from them?
"In conformity with the provisions of this treaty Mr. Secretary of the Interior sold the whole eight hundred thousand acres of land in a body to an 'Emigrant Aid Society,' of which perhaps he was president ! This sale was declared illegal, and broken by the Attor- ney General, but the philanthropic Secretary was resolved to exercise all the power vested in him by the treaty, as it was too good a chance to 'serve the country' and make a splendid fortune by the operation, so he sold it to a Railroad Company ; and the sale was again broken on the same grounds and the secretary was removed from office.
"Now, this treaty has in it illegal pro- visions, and all action taken under it declared illegal by the Supreme Court, and meanwhile these lands are being rapidly filled up with settlers, it will require an act of Congress to dispose of the lands, and as many of our Con- gressman are leading railroad men, known to be making efforts to get these lands, the set-
tlers have much cause of alarm, and are fear- ful that they may be robbed of their little im- provements by the liberality of our too liberal Congress, who may take a notion to vote themselves another empire of good farm land, under the pretense of 'aiding the construction of some railroad' * * *.
"Now, as the land speculating government officials have great advantage of the settlers in the treaty, and as they are poor and too few to expect justice in the disposal of these lands by Congress, they are all anxious for immigration to settle up the country this fall, so that our virtuous law makers may not dis- regard and trample upon their rights. I would respectively advise all who want homes to go to the Cherokee Neutral Lands at once, leave the women and children where they are, two or more men associate together and take provisions enough to last while they are build- ing a house, each helping the other, — and cut hay for winter, then return and bring your families to their new homes. None need fear that they will not get homes, some may not get timber lands, but all can get good lands. The people in this devoted country are orga- nized into clubs, and are doing all that they can to prevent these lands from falling into the hands of railroad or other speculating com- panies ; they are holding meetings, getting up petitions, passing resolutions, etc."
Some person, whose name was not given, has sent me another pamphlet, the title of which is, — "Manifesto of the People of the Cherokee Neutral Lands." It is somewhat lengthy, and it is signed by C. C. McDowell, W. R. Laughlin. A. Perry and C. Dana Say- ers, the first two from Cherokee County, and the others from Crawford County. There is no date to the pamphlet; but the subject mat-
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ter indicates that it was within the period known as the "troublous times" in Cherokee and Crawford Counties. The pamphlet is in the same tone of the preceding paragraphs, speaking out clear and emphatic as to the in- justice to which the settlers believed them- selves shamefully subjected. From their view point, the action of the government was unjust and in utter disregard of the rights of the people. The document starts out something in the vein of the Declaration of Independ- ence. Some of the paragraphs are here given :
"In view of the many false statements that have been published throughout the country, by the monopolists in regard to the legal standing of the Cherokee Neutral Lands case, and also as to acts charged against the settlers on this tract, justice requires that the world should know the truth. It has been thought proper, by the people, through the under- signed selected committee, to set forth to all whom it may concern, and especially to the working and thinking, common people of the United States, the real state of affairs here, with some of the facts and arguments in favor of the settlers.
"We feel confident that if this case is prop- erly understood by the people of our country, it will be seen to involve several issues more im- portant and far-reaching than the mere ques- tion of title to a tract of land, as between two claimants; questions bearing directly and pow- erfully upon the rights of American citizens, to protection by laws already standing on the statute books of the nation and of the State; as against monopolies, individual or corporate.
"The settlers on the Cherokee Neutral Lands are asking for no new or strange condi- tions, concessions or guaranties, no special fa-
vors, no local discriminations. We ask only the honest carrying out of the land policy of our government, and of laws which stand yet unrepealed, and that no public man or politi- cal party shall be permitted to openly violate. We have been industriously stigmatized through subsidized newspapers, by anony- mous, penny-a-line publications, as trespass- ers, outlaws, murderers, and so forth, to the exhaustion of the vocabulary of moderately genteel Billingsgate. Hired emissaries have been, and still are being, sent among us to create division and confusion. Money has been, and still is being, lavished here and else- where, with the hope of overcoming us; the settlement of our country has been kept back; citizens have been harrassed by many malic- ious arrests and arbitrary 'bindings-over' to appear at court, not sustained by one particle of proper evidence, done by a justice of the peace who is a mere tool of Joy & Com- pany, and who does not live on the Neutral Lands. One of our number, Jeremiah Mur- phy, has been foully murdered by an assas- sin, and only because he was a Leaguer. Sev- eral others of our prominent men have been threatened with the same fate. Harrison McGinnis, one of our most resolute men was shot at twice, in Baxter Springs, while he was under arrest and disarmed and he saved himself only by his remarkable presence of mind. His would-be murderer was allowed to escape. To cap the climax, troops have been sent here, when their only possible errand was to aid the monopolists in preventing an appeal to Congress or to the courts, on the part of the settlers. No officer has been arrested, nor even ob- structed in the performance of his duty as
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
an officer; no state of anarchy has existed here; no man has been murdered or robbed by the Leaguers or other settlers.
"Let those whom it mostly concerns answer the question, 'Why are troops stationed on the Neutral Lands?' We may be unable just now to draw out an answer; but the time will come when higher authority than brought them here will demand the reason. There are but a few easily taken steps between the present state of affairs on the Cherokee Neutral Lands and the condition of countries where political meetings and other primary assemblies of the people are prevented or dispersed at the point of the bayouet. Farmers, men and women of the workshops, the factories and the mines in the United States, a blow at our rights as American citizens is a blow at yours. If capi- talists can this year prostitute the military power of the nation, on the Cherokee Neutral Lands, other capitalists can do the same in Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania or Ohio next year! The vast success of specula- tors during the last six or eight years, in build- ing up powerful monopolies and corporations, by having special privileges granted them, and in robbing the people of bonds and of public lands, under the pretext of aiding railroads, has alarmed thinking men. Fortunes unheard of in the good old days have been extorted from the producers of the nation by adventurers who, during the hurry and distraction of the war, wormed themselves into places where their votes or official action gave them opportunity for plunder. Success has made cowardly thieves bold and defiant. The strength which lies in ill-gotten millions makes weak men strong. The power of money is cumulative; and common sympathy between successful men is fast building up an aristocracy which threat-
ens us and our posterity, our institutions and our very form of government.
"In 1803 our government bought from France what has since been known as the Lou- isiana Purchase, of which the Cherokee Neu- tral Lands are an integral part. After Missouri became a state, and its western counties were being settled for the protection of its inhabi- tants, the government treated with the Osage Indians for this tract of land, with the stipula- tion that neither the Indians nor the whites should occupy the same, thus placing a strip fifty miles north and south, by twenty-five miles east and west as a barrier between the white and the red men. So it remained until the treaty-making power gave the Cherokee In- dians the right to occupy the tract. In 1866 by a 'treaty,' the Cherokee Indians gave back the land to the United States, and attempted to do so, 'in trust,' and to empower the Secre- tary of the Interior to sell the lands for them. One of the last official acts of Secretary Har- lan, then at the head of the Interior Depart- ment, was to sell as much of the tract as was not occupied by actual settlers at the date of the treaty, to the American Emigrant Com- pany, for one dollar an acre; but Secretary Browning, on assuming the office, procured the opinion of Attorney General Stanberry that Harlan's sale was 'illegal and void;' and on that opinion set the sale aside. Browning then proceeded to sell the residue of the tract not occupied by settlers at the date of the treaty, to James F. Joy, of Detroit, Michigan, at one dollar and a quarter an acre. The American Emigrant Company threatened litigation ; and matters remained in secret negotiation until June 6, 1868, when, to the utter surprise of the settlers, a supplemental treaty was put through the Senate, which assumed to cancel Mr. Joy's
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contract with Browning, and to assign to him the contract of the American Emigrant Com- pany. Such is a very brief outline of the strange transactions by which the 'rings' cast lots for the garments of the settlers, and pro- pose to divide among themselves the gains of this most infamous of all 'jobs' for robbing the settlers of the West.
"During the administration of President Buchanan a considerable number of families, attracted by the beauty and fertility, and the genial climate of this section of the country, and finding no opposition from any source, came upon these lands. For political reasons a movement was set on foot to remove these set- tlers. Soldiers, without any proper authority, were brought here, and a few worthless build- ings were burned. The indignation of the set- tlers, at such unwarranted proceedings, was such that the soldiers desisted from their work of ejectment, and the citizens sent a delegation to see President Buchanan. He told them to return to their homes and occupy them ; told them to encourage the settlement of the coun- try, and that the land would soon come in under the preemption law. The soldiers whom poli- ticians had procured to be sent here were with- drawn, and the settlement of the country went on.
"During the Rebellion the Neutral Lands were held alternately by the two parties, the settlers not being able safely to remain at their homes. Thousands of Union soldiers cam- paigned back and forth over these lands ; and when the war was over thousands of them brought their families here to make homes. The Indians directly and indirectly encouraged the settlement of the country.
"In March, 1866, President Johnson wrote us : 'Go on and settle it up and make a country
of it, and you shall be protected in the home- stead and preemption right.' Senators Lane, Pomeroy and Ross, by many letters, some of which are yet preserved, stimulated our occu- pation of the country, and assured the settlers of their safety, under the land policy and the laws of the nation.
"The fall of 1866 saw several thousand families occupying claims, some in such rude, temporary shanties as they could erect, some in tents, and some under wagon covers only. From their former homes many of the people had brought a few choice cattle; but that fall four-fifths of these fell victims to the 'Texas fever,' brought here in the herds of cattle driven from the South. February and March, 1867, proved very hard on the few remaining cattle and on the horses of the settlers. With- out grain and sufficient shelter, many of the hay-fed animals perished in the sleet and cold rain storms of the season. Disaster seemed to attend the settlement of the land, and many of the faint hearted became discouraged and went elsewhere; but an intelligent appreciation of the country itself, and an abiding trust in the government, that the homes they were strug- gling for would be secured to them and their families, sustained the more stable of the set- tlers through all their trials and anchored them fast to the country of their choice. The few patches of sod corn planted in 1867 produced very well, but only a small fraction of what the people needed. Every nerve was strained to get in as large a crop as possible in the spring of 1868, and the coming of 'garden truck' and the ripening of the corn was looked to with earnest hope, as a time of relief from a pressure which, because of its weight and duration and the inability of the people to stand it, had be- come simply terrible. And yet upon this added
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
misfortune came. About the middle of June there came the worst drought that Southern Kansas ever knew. Corn everywhere was a failure, and, as but little small grain had been sown, there was scarcely any relief. The grass was short, thin and parched, so that only a lit- tle of very poor hay could be made. Under these circumstances nothing but a most favor- able winter could save the people from further calamity ; but that mercy came, and the people were saved. Stock wintered well on the range ; but how the people managed to live is known only to themselves. The half of the story of the winter of 1868-69 will never be told.
"Fully to expose Mr. Joy's bad faith, in his attempted dealings with our people, would re- quire much of our and the reader's time. Briefly, his course, from first to last, has been marked by the very essence of despotism, and by an utter disregard of our rights. Evidently he has supposed that he could play the mission- ary, the benefactor and the guardian, believing that we could not see through the velvet which concealed the claw, the sheepskin which cov- ered the wolf or the thin coating of the sugar- covered pill which he had with so much care prepared for us."
The committee, after going on at much length as to the treaty through which the Che- rokee Indians passed their lands to the United States, in trust, have this to say :
"We hold, in short, that the whole transac- tion is a base swindle, not only upon the whites, but also upon the Indians themselves, and that, in the language of the opinions given by Judge William Lawrence, Hon. George W. Julian, Gen. Benjamin F. Butler and Judge William Johnson, January 28, 1869, 'We hold, there- fore, that the sale of the Cherokee Neutral Lands to James F. Joy, is void ; that any patent
which may be issued to him will be void ; that the purchaser from him will acquire no valid title. * * * To remove all doubt, it is further our opinion that Congress has the power, and that it is a duty, to abrogate, by law, so much of the municipal regulation of the Cherokee treaty as purports to authorize a sale.' We ask all thinking, honest men and women thoroughly to investigate not only this case, but this general, wholesale and shameless disposal of the people's lands to railroads and other monopolies. The public domain is the heritage of all the people. We ask whether this robbery of the* people shall be permitted to go on, until monopolies, always aggressive, aristocratic and oppressive, shall have coutrol of the Legislature of every State in the Union, and of the government of the United States itself, or whether you will join us in our effort to stop it now and to overthrow it forever. To this end we petition you, for we deem the dan- ger imminent. Aristocracy never did, in any age or nation, so flourish, except when based upon the soil; but if we read the signs of the times aright, this extensive engrossment of the public domain by a few, is the result of an aris- tocratic tendency in this government, which if not defeated will prove as destructive of our in- stitutions as a dissolution of the L'nion, or as a successful foreign war would be. It is equally true that republican institutions, in or- der to flourish, must be based upon the soil. They cannot stand upon any narrow founda- tion. The people to be free, must own the soil. As well might we attempt to pull down the sun from heaven, or to do any other impos- sible thing, as to attempt to maintain free in- stitutions of government upon any other or different principles than liberty for all, and a division of the public domain at least among
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all the people who wish to cultivate the same, in small areas, each family being sole lord and proprietor of its little spot of earth, sufficient to feed, clothe, educate and provide for the household ; for in whatever country or neigh- borhood the lands are in the hands of the few, there will be found serfs, toiling men and women irredeemably poor. The Congress, as well as the court, has the power to undo our wrongs, and the House of Representatives, to its honor let it be said, has twice resolved that it shall be done, while the Senate has as often tabled the resolution. Many of the ablest and best Senators, however, are in our favor, and will, we believe, concur with the House in what it is trying to do.
"The West is being smothered by land monopoly. Principality after principality has been bestowed upon corporations of the most gigantic proportions, and the progress is on- ward, with a vigor increased by every success- ful grab of the people's heritage. The govern- ment no longer purchases the Indian's title of occupancy, and allows the pioneer to settle upon it, under the homestead and pre-emption laws ; but railroad companies purchase the Indian lands for a mere song, that they may wring untold millions of money from one of the most useful and energetic classes of the citizens of the United States.
"The departure from the land policy of the government began in 1861. At that time S. C. Pomeroy entered the United States Senate, from Kansas, as the standard bearer of a party which from every stump had sent up the cry, 'Free homesteads for the landless millions.' He was at that time a man of moderate means. Follow him for a few years. In 1865 we find him as president of the Atchison & Pike's Peak Railroad Company. A treaty was carried
by him through the Senate, by which that com- pany purchased 123,832 acres of rich land in Kansas, embracing the beautiful Kickapoo Res- ervation, thirty miles west of the city of Atchi- son, for a mere song. The reservations of the Sac and Fox tribes, those of the Kansas, Dela- ware, Ottowa and Kickapoo tribes, and the Cherokee Neutral Lands have all' passed into the hands of railroad corporations and other speculating companies, and Pomeroy has been the 'Big Injin' of the whole ring. From the day he was clothed with Senatprial honors, he has been energetic and unscrupulous in subvert- ing the policy of our government, with regard to the public lands. Congress has granted fifty- seven million acres of the public domain to various Western and Southern railroad com- panies since 1861 ; and the Pacific Railroad Company has been granted one hundred and twenty-four million acres. The commissioners of the General Land Office, speaking of these immense grants of land which properly be- longs to all the people, that it 'is of empire ex- tent, exceeding, in the aggregate, by more than five million acres, the entire area of the six New England States, with New York, New- Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Delaware, Mary- land and Virginia.' "
The people during the times of anxiety, when they were having trouble with James F. Joy, concerning land titles and their rights under the claims which they had taken in Cherokee County, left no means unemployed that offered even a showing of aid. They held meetings, passed resolutions, drew up and signed petitions, pubkshed articles in the friendly newspapers and besought their Repre- sentatives in Congress and their Senators at Washington to help them in gaining the mas- tery over their adversaries. They appealed
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
to every motive that could move men to help their fellows who were in distress. I have before me a letter, written by Hon. William Lawrence, of Ohio, to A. V. Peters, an elder brother of W. H. Peters, one of the present county commissioners of Cherokee County. Mr. Peters was a captain in the Federal Army, in an Ohio regiment, and having a personal acquaintance with Judge Lawrence, who was then a member of Congress, from that State, he hoped that some good might be obtained at his hands, in getting a settlement of the troubles which had so long disturbed the peo- ple here. The letter, copied from the original, is given below :
House of Representatives, Washington, D. C, April 13, 1S68. A. V. Peters, Esq. :
Yours of the 1st inst. is received. I thank you for the approving words you wrote in reference to my efforts in behalf of the poor and landless people of the country. I am their friend. They need friends. If we do not stop this scheme of delivering over the public lands to speculators, the poor of the country are doomed to toil and poverty, with no home wherein to dwell. Yon, and the true men like you, have a remedy. It is not merely in writing letters. Call meet- ings, pass resolutions and demand action of Congress. Send them to every Senator and Representative. De- nounce their treaties1 which seek to rob the poor. They are all void. Net one good land title can be made under them. But if they go on, Congress will, after a while, ratify them. Now is your time to strike. Do not delay an hour. Kansas is deeply interested. Let Kansas be heard. But if you rest in peace, all will be lost. My efforts will do no good, unless you people come up to the rescue. The men who speculate under these treaties, and crowd God's poor away from homes on God"s earth, are powerful, active and busy. Every county in Kansas should speak out for her people. Will you do so? Let me hear.
Respectfully,
William Lawrence.
Captain Peters also wrote to Gen. John A.
Logan, who was at that time a member of the House of Representatives. General Logan answered briefly. The original letter is before me, and of it the following is a copy :
House of Representatives,
Washington, D. C, June 13, 1868. A. V. Peters, Esq., Petersville, Kansas
My Dear Sir — Your letter of June 4 is received. In reply I will state, with pleasure, that I agree with you fully, in reference to the just claims of our soldiers and sailors, upon the gratitude of the government. I am in favor of giving them who fought our battles an opportunity to select homes which shall embrace both convenience and value. I will keep your sugges- tions in mind. As an opportunity may offer wherein it would be of service to our friends, I am always glad to aid in any enterprise which has in view the soldiers' interest.
Yours very truly,
John A. Logan.
The troubles of the people were not over, even when they had come to know their condi- tion with respect to the Joy land matter, and were settling down to accept it. It seemed that they, like many communities in the West and in the South, had to have their experience with the bond-sharks who were abroad in the land for a good many years following the close of the war. Salamanca township, which includes the city of Columbus, early voted bonds, in aid of a rail- road company. The bonds were issued and de- livered to the company, and the company sold them to an "innocent purchaser," who was in the market for such securities. The road was never built : but the courts held that the bonds were good, and that the people would have to pay them. I have before me a small pamphlet, written by William C. Wilson, into whose hands the bonds finally fell. It is addressed, "To the Law-Abiding People of Cherokee County," but it bears no date. The following is the preface to the pamphlet :
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
55
The municipal township of Salamanca, having de- faulted in the payment of interest on its bonds held by me, the United States Circuit Court gave judgment and peremptory mandamus, commanding your county com- missioners to levy a tax to pay the same; but as they '•unlawfully, contemptuously and oppressively'' refused to do so, the court incarcerated them in jail for thirty days.
I also brought suit against them, personally, in a civil action for damages, and a Kansas jury awarded me a verdict for the small sum of $500 and costs ; upon which their attorneys made a motion for a new trial, which, after argument by Messrs. Webb, Ritter and Williams, was emphatically overruled by Judge Foster.
As the people of Salamanca, "in mass meeting as- sembled," after parading to the music of a brass band, resolved that they would not patronize any paper that would publish any communication from me, and as there is a conspiracy and confederation to prevent the pay- ment of money lawfully owing to me, and also to hood- wink the people and keep them in ignorance of the true condition of affairs, freedom of speech and of the press being no longer tolerated in the mob-ridden city of Columbus, I herewith send you Judge Foster's opinion, and the charge of Judge Krekel, to the grand jury, upon combinations to repudiate debts and to re- sist the laws of the land. I do this in the hope that the time may speedily come when the honest, intelligent and wealthy people of Cherokee County will say to their commissioners, "We can no longer allow you to bring reproach upon our good name, by toadying to the defaulters of Salamanca township, as there is no good reason why they should not pay their honest debts." Yours truly,
William C. Wilson.
The author of the pamphlet then sets out the opinion of Judge Foster, which is as fol- lows :
UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT, DISTRICT OF KANSAS.
William C. Wilson )
versus > No. 4362.
R. W. Vaughn, John Russell and W. E. ) Swanson. November Term, 1884.— Filed March 4, 1885.
Bottsford & Williams, for Plaintiff. Ritter & Anderson, for Defendants.
MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL.
Opinion by Foster, J. :
This action was brought by the plaintiff against the defendants, who are the commissioners of the County of Cherokee, to recover damages for a wilful refusal, on the part of the said commissioners, to levy a tax on the taxable property of Salamanca township, in said county, to pay off a judgment held by plaintiff against said township, in obedience to a peremptory writ of mandamus from this court.
The recovery of the judgment, the issue and service of the writ commanding the levy of the tax, and the wilful disobedience thereof by the defendants, were admitted on the trial, and two of the defendants, on the witness stand, testified that it was not their pur- pose to levy the tax hereafter.
The plaintiff claimed, as his damages, the full amount for which the writ was issued, about $19,000. On the trial, the court instructed the jury as fol- lows:
"Gentlemen of the Jury :
"In this case, under the pleadings and evidence, the plaintiff is entitled to recover against the defend- ants, as it was clearly the duty of the defendants to levy the tax as commanded in the peremptory man- damus, and which they wilfully refused to do.
"The plaintiff is entitled to recover his actual dam- ages sustained by reason of such failure and refusal of the defendants. But, inasmuch as he has not lost his debt or judgment, or any part thereof, and as there is evidence to show that the debtor township is fully able to respond to his debt, and that the refusal of the de- fendants to levy the tax has only delayed the collec- tion of his debt and the accruing interest, his dam- ages are, consequently, presumed to be but nominal, and you will so find in your verdict.
"In this case there is also another element of dam- ages under which the plaintiff may recover, and that is exemplary or punitive damages. The action of the defendants, to say nothing of being contemptuous disre- gard of the mandate of this court, was oppressive to the plaintiff and a clear and wilful violation of his legal rights, and in my opinion presents a case for considera- tion of exemplary damages on the part of the plaintiff against the defendants. I can not lay down any definite rule to govern you in fixing these damages. They are given by the law as a punishment for an aggravated violation of plaintiff's rights, and they should be such as, under all the circumstances and facts shown, are commensurate with the offense; and this, you gentle-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
men, in the exercise of your sound judgment, are to fix and determine under the evidence produced in the case.
"The court instructs the jury that this being an action of that in which defendants' refusal was wilful, continuous and unlawful, you are at liberty to award plaintiff exemplary damages against defendants, in addi- tion to the damages awarded as and by way of com- pensation to plaintiff. The court instructs the jury that, in the issues made by the pleadings, and on the uncon- tradicted evidence in the case, your verdict must be for the plaintiff, finding the issues in his favor."
The jury returned a verdict for plaintiff, $500; and the defendants now move the court to set aside the ver- dict and grant a new trial for error of law in the said instructions to the jury. The particular excepted to is that part of the charge in reference to exemplary or punitive damages. The defendants claim that as the compensatory or actual damages sustained by plaintiff were but nominal, he can not recover exemplary dam- ages. In support of this rule counsel have cited two cases : Stacy versus Portland Publishing Company, 68 Maine 287 ; and Maxwell versus Kennedy, 50 Wis. 647.
The former case was an action for libel, and the latter for slander. In the action for libel, the trial court refused to instruct for plaintiff for exemplary damages co nomine, but told the jury they might add as actual damages for any elements of aggravated injury occasioned by the express malice of the person who published the article complained of.
The jury gavetheplaintiff one dollar damages, and the court refused to reverse the case and remarked, among other things, as follows : "Taking the case as it resulted, we are satisfied that the plaintiff has sus- tained no injury in this respect. The legal significa- tion of the verdict is, either that there was no actual and express malice entertained toward plaintiff, by the defendant's agent, or that, if there was, it did the plaintiff no injury.
In the slander case, the trial court instructed the jury that certain mitigating circumstances shown by defendant should be considered by them in reduction of compensatory damages only, and not exemplary damages. The appellate court held this to be error; that no distinction should have been made between the two classes of damages in respect to mitigation. Both cases support the rule contended for by these defendants, in case of this kind. Whether that doc- trine may generally be regarded as accepted law in such cases, I have not sufficiently examined the books to form an opinion; but if such is the fact, I do not
think that the rule can be applicable to a case of this kind.
In Day versus Woodworth, 13 How., 371, the Su- preme Court laid down the law as follows : "It is a well established principle of the common law, that in actions for trespass and all actions in cases for tort, a jury may inflict what are called exemplary, punitive or vin- dictive damages upon a defendant, having in view the enormity of his offense, rather than the measure of compensation to the plaintiff. * * * By the com- mon, as well as by statutory law, men are often pun- ished for aggravated misconduct or lawless acts, by means of a civil action, and the damages, inflicted by the way of penalty or punishment, given to the party injured."
In Milwaukee Railroad Company versus Armes. gr U. S., 493, the court, speaking of damages, says: "In ascertaining its extent the jury may consider all the facts that relate to the wrongful act of the defendant, and its consequence to the plaintiff; but they are not at liberty to go farther, unless it was done wilfully or was the result of that reckless indifference to the rights of others which is equivalent to an intentional viola- tion of them. In such case the jury are authorized, for the sake of public example, to give such additional dam- ages as the circumstances require. The tort is aggra- vated by the evil motive, and on this rests the rule of exemplary damages."
The Supreme Court of Kansas has held, in a case of trespass quare clausum fregit, that exemplary damages may be recovered where the compensatory damages are but nominal. Hefley versus Baker, 19 Kan., 9.
Southerland on Damages, Vol. I, pages 724-748, states the rule, in the following language: "If a wrong is done wilfully; that is, if a tort is committed delib- erately, or by wilful negligence, with a present con- sciousness of invading another's rights, or of exposing him to injury, an undoubted case is presented for ex- emplary damages. One who does an act maliciously must be careful to see that the act is lawful; other- wise, though the actual injury may be slight, the exemplary damages may be considerable."
In the case at bar the plaintiff is deprived of a clear legal right, through the wrongful and wilful conduct of the defendants. They alone have the power to levy the tax, and it is their duty, under the law and the command of the court, to levy it. By no other means can the plaintiff obtain his rights, and it cannot be denied that the action of the defendants is wrongful and oppressive. It was held by the court that the plain- tiff's compensatory damages are but nominal, as he has
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not lost his debt, but has only suffered delay in its col- lection. But it is in the power of these defendants, and their successors in office, by defying the law, to delay him indefinitely in its collection. It is said that the de- fendants can be, and have been, punished for contempt in refusing to obey the writ of mandamus. That is true ; but that punishment is not to be reduced to the wrong done the plaintiff, but it must rather vindicate the dignity and authority of the court.
The defendants have been committed to the cus- tody of the marshal, for imprisonment, until they com- ply with the demands of the writ ; but in a community where the popular sentiment is all adverse to levying the tax, it is likely that the imprisonment of the defend- ants, like the plaintiff's compensatory damages, would be but nominal. A tax-ridden people are deserving of sympathy, especially when the burden has been fraudu- lently imposed, though it was done by the dishonesty of their own agent; but neither courts nor communities can afford to deny to any orator the exact letter of his legal rights, and it is not a pleasant or consistent thing to inveigh against nullification of the laws and cry out "law and order," and, in the same breath, applaud nul- lification, lawlessness and disorder.
The motion to set aside the verdict and for a new trial must be overruled.
On the back page of the pamphlet Mr. Wil- son quotes a charge which Judge Krekel, of the United States Circuit Court of the Western District of Missouri, gave a grand jury, at Jefferson City, on the subject of repudiation. The charge is quoted, no doubt, in the hope that the people of Cherokee County who might read his pamphlet would be indirectly warned against any further attempt at obstructing the processes of the court. The charge of Judge Krekel is here given :
UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT, WESTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI.
Instructions to the Grand Jury.
Resistance or interference with the execution of the
laws of the United States, in many instances, takes the
shape of interfering with the processes of the courts ;
and as offenses of the kind come within your jurisdic-
tion, it will be your duty to examine and pass upon these cases that may come before you.
In order to commit an offense of the class referred to it is not necessary that the offender should present a gun, a pistol, or by any other direct means put the officer intrusted with the execution of the law or pro- cess of court into terror, but it may be done by indirect means, such as assembling in large numbers, acting and cooperating and by means of threats, or otherwise to overawe the officer and interfere with the discharge of his duty.
Thus a large number of persons may assemble and, by means of combinations and agreements not to bid for property offered for sale, and by threatening those who come for the purpose of bidding, with bodily harm, cause them not to bid. All such means the law de- nounces as interfering with its execution, and not to speak of the possible individual liability to those thus damaged. The law will not permit the judg- ments of its courts to be defeated by such means.
To tolerate such interference, without punishment, would be aiding in bringing about a demoralization which, while today may demonstrate its power for evil in resisting processes of the court, will to-morrow re- sist the government in its proper functions-, not to speak of the utter disregard implied as to individual rights. The highest duty of the citizen, and his greatest interest, is that the law be obeyed and its violators punished, for on this he must ultimately depend for the protection of his person and property.
Jeremiah Luckey, of Salamanca township, has recently sent me a number of old papers relating to early affairs in Cherokee county. Among these is a "Notice to Settlers on the 'Joy Purchase' of the Cherokee Neutral Lands." I here give it in full :
CHEROKEE NEUTRAL LAND OFFFICE. General Agency.
Fort Scott, Kansas, December 18, 1868. Notice is hereby given that all persons who have made settlement and continued to reside on the Chero- kee Neutral Lands, between the nth day of August, 1866, and the 10th of June, 1868, will be permitted to make entry at this office, of the lands occupied by them June 10, 1868, and at the date of entry; that the same may be held secure from sale to other purchasers.
5?
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
In order to prevent delay or detention of the set- tlers at this office, in making entry of their lands, we have arranged to receive proofs, by townships, com- mencing with those nearest this office, during certain days herein specified; and all persons failing to make such entry, before or during the time herein named, re- spectively, will be understoood as waiving all privilege to purchase at the proposed rates of Mr. Joy, unless it shall be shown, by satisfactory proof, that such delay was unavoidable. Only one witness is necessary, in ad- dition to claimant's affidavit, to establish a claim for entry, such witness knowing that claimant resided upon the tract claimed, prior to June 10, 1868, of his contin- ued residence thereon.
In case of transfer, the evidence must show that the purchaser has been an occupant since his purchase from such recognized claimant. As soon as the entries are closed the lands will be valued, and by the first of March, next, a schedule of prices prepared, so that con- tracts may be made with settlers after that date. No contracts will be made prior to that date, except upon such lands as are known to be occupied, or where the settler has waived his right, and then only under spe- cial instructions.
That portion known as "The Eight Mile Strip," being six miles off the south end of Bourbon County and two miles off the north end of Crawford County, towit: Townships 26 and 27, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered during December 21, 22, 23, 24 and 26, 1868. Township 28, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered before or during December 28, 29 and 30, 1S68, and January 4, 5, 6 and 7, 1869. Town- ship 29, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered during or before January 8, 9, 11, 12, 13 and 14, 1869. Township 30, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be en- tered during or before January 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23, 1869. Township 31, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered during or before January 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30, 1869. Township 32, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered during or before February J, 2> 3, 4, S and 6, 1869. Township 33, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered during or before Febru- ary 8, 9, 10, II, 12 and 13, 1S69. Township 34, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered February 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20, 1869. Township 35, Ranges 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, will be entered February 22, 23, 24, 25 26 and 27, 1869.
Settlers must be prepared with the numbers of
their lands', that there may be no unnecessary delay in preparing their proof.
John T. Cox, General Agent.
Among the papers sent me by Mr. Luckey is a circular addressed, "To the Voters of Chero- kee County," and signed by "Many Voters." It is dated January 31, 1869, and it relates to the election then to be held February 16, 1869, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the people wanted the county seat to remain at Baxter Springs or to be moved to Columbus. I have elsewhere given an account of that election. The following is the circular, in full :
COUNTY SEAT CIRCULAR.
To the Voters of Cherokee County :
At the regular session of the Board of County Commissioners, held in Junuary, last, a special elec- tion was ordered to be held on the 16th day of Feb- ruary, 1869, to vote upon the question of removal and permanent location of the county seat.
Under the law providing for the same, 603 peti- tioners, legal electors, were necessary in order for the board to call an election. The number of petitioners presented was 862. The petition of one township, signed by forty voters, did not get in, making the en- tire number of electors calling for the election over 900. The total number of votes cast in the county, at the presidential election in November, last, was 1.349, showing that a majority of 447 voters in the county are not satisfied with the county seat being located, as it is at present, on the extreme border of the county, or rather out of it. Notwithstanding the large majority in favor of a central location, a desperate effort is being made by the people of Baxter Springs again to thwart the will of the people. The most unblushing falsehoods are being circulated, hoping to divide the people and cause them to vote for different points. Lies that ought to blister the tongue of any person uttering them are unblushingly told. For instance, that the people of the west side of the county are "pulling the wool over the eyes of the people on the east side ;" that they are going to work for Millersburg instead of Columbus.
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The people of the west side emphatically brand the assertion as basely false. They have never asked for Millersburg to be a point and shall not vote for it. Their vote, as at the last election, will be a unit for Columbus. They waive all selfish and personal pref- erence, and they ask the people of the eastern, north- ern and southern and all other parts of the county, to join with them and, with an eye single to the pros- perity and well being of the county, vote for Columbus. It being the geographical center of the county, justice, economy and expediency demand it. The prosperity of the whole county is our prosperity. The county seat rightfully belongs to the whole people of the county, and not to a few ; and it is the right of every tax payer to demand that its location be central.
It is urged by the people of Baxter Springs that the question ought not to be brought again so soon ; that it is a big expense to the county, and all that sort of thing. Does it not come with poor grace for them to cry "quits," after having so shamefully and rascally stolen the county seat, as it were. No man denies that Baxter Springs stuffed the ballot box, to the number of 4,000 votes, last May, when the question of moving the county seat was up. They do not deny it themselves. They admit it; and they plead, in justification, that other parts of the county did so ; and, in order to be even, they did the same. But let us examine a little farther, in regard to the expense to the county, in the proposed change in the location of the county seat. The greatest item of expense in the county, amounting to many hundreds of dollars, is in having to send out- prisoners away for safe keeping, as we have no jail of our own. The amount we paid last year, for this item, would build us a jail that would answer, for the present. A seemingly natural answer would be, "Why don't you build one?" There is where the trouble lies. The people are not willing to be taxed to build one, or any other county building, in a place that is not, and never can be made, the permanent location of our county seat. Its location where it now is, is a mere question of time; and a very short time, at that. If it is not voted away, the probabilities are that we shall have to go into another state before long, for our county seat. It is already reported and believed that the treaty now pending for the Indian Territory south of us, out of which a new state is to be formed, will throw Baxter Springs out of Kansas. Such a result is not at all improbable. The very fact that no provision is being made for the sale of the government strip in- dicates that it is' in the new state. * * *
One thing more the county should know : The offices of the county clerk, county treasurer and regis-
ter of deeds are all in the barroom of a restaurant, the only room that could be had. Oh, shame, where is thy blush! All this, remember, is in a city of the second class. May the good Lord have pity on cities not of the second class!
In view of all the facts, we earnestly appeal to the voters throughout the county once more to stand up and demand their rights. The right to have the county seat at the center of the county is your right. See that you reclaim it at this election. Turn out and let us vote a unit for the county seat at Columbus. If we turn out our full strength, this vexatious question will be settled for all time to come. Just so long as the county seat is claimed and held at the edge of the county, just so long will we be harrassed with special elections. Strife, animosity, ill will are sure to exist. Remember the day, the 16th of February, and the style of the ticket, "For County Seat, Columbus."
Many Voters. The undersigned proprietors of the claims upon which is laid the town site of Columbus, do propose to donate to the county, in the event of the county seat being located at Columbus, all lots necessary for county buildings, grounds for seminary, cemetery and fair grounds, said lots and sites to be selected by the Board of County Commissioners ; also immediately to furnish a building that will answer for county offices, free of expense until such time as buildings can be put up.
J. N. Lee, F. Fry, H. Scovell, Dr. J. H. Walker.
Note. — Elsewhere, in giving an account of the election concerning which the foregoing circular was put out, it is shown that there was a lot of ballot-box stuffing done in favor of Columbus. I have given this circular, for the purpose of showing how high the feel- ing was concerning the location of the county seat. I am glad it can truthfully be said that the relations be- tween Columbus and Baxter Springs', while not alto- gether as amicable as they will yet become, have so much improved that the old troubles have almost been forgotten. — Editor.
Note. — Since writing the foregoing chapter I have received a copy of "Dodge's Sectional Map of the Cherokee Neutral Lands," which L. Conklin, of Pleas- ant View township, kindly sent the publishing com- pany. The map is much worn, and it can not be repro- duced. I desire to assure Mr. Conklin that his1 kindness is appreciated. — Editor.
CHAPTER V.
COUNTY ORGANIZATION, POLITICAL HISTORY AND POPULATION STATISTICS.
The Organization of Cherokee County — The "County Seat War" — List of County Officers — The Political Phases — Memorable Political Rallies — The Increase of Population, and Immigration From Other States.
the organization of Cherokee county,
Or the measures which were put in force for the purpose of organizing it, began in the sum- mer of 1866, shortly after the Cherokee In- dians had transferred the Cherokee Neutral Lands to the United States, as noted in a for- mer chapter. This was before the exact boun- dary of the county had been determined. The people were pressing so intently into this coun- try, that something had to be done toward ef- fecting an organization. In 1862 the Legisla- ture had passed an act providing for the organ- ization of new counties, where the conditions were up to the requirements; but, on account of the trouble between the settlers of Cherokee County and James F. Joy, pertaining to land titles, the organization of the county had been delayed.
August 3, 1866, Samuel J. Crawford, Gov- ernor of the State, appointed and commissioned A. V. Peters, Reese Cadwalader and J. W. Wal- lace, special county commissioners for Chero- kee County, and Julius C. Petit, special county
clerk. Julius C. Petit was sworn in by J. S. Emmons, county clerk of Bourbon County, September 6, 1866, and he that day appointed Daniel C. Finn as his deputy, who was the same day sworn in by Julius C. Petit. A. V. Peters, Reese Cadwalader and J. W. Wallace were sworn in by D. C. Finn, deputy county clerk, September 8, 1866.
The appointment of the special county com- missioners by the governor of the State was for the purpose of calling an election. At the time of these appointments Governor Crawford fixed the county seat at the town of Pleasant View, the site of which is nine miles east and four and a half miles north of the present Court House at Columbus.
The first appointment that the special coun- ty commissioners made was that of C. A. Keithley, whom they appointed justice of the peace for Pleasant View township. This was on September 13, 1866. The county commis- sioners met at the county seat and elected J. W. Wallace president of the board. The date of the election is not given. On the day of the
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meeting they ordered the county clerk to "draw on the Secretary of State, for law books." It seems from the old record from which I get these facts, that Julius C. Petit, the county clerk, did not attend to the duties, as the papers are all signed by D. C. Finn, the deputy.
On September 15, 1866, the county com- missioners called a general election, for State and county officers, the county officers being the following: Three county commissioners, sheriff, treasurer, assessor, Probate judge, county attorney, coroner, superintendent of pub- lic instruction, county clerk, district clerk, reg- ister of deeds and county surveyor. The elec- tion was called to be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November, 1866.
On September 22, 1866, the county com- missioner appointed D. C. Finn, Probate judge, and he was sworn in on that day, and the rec- ords do not show that he continued as deputy county clerk, which it seems he might have held, had he desired it, as will appear hereafter.
The election was held that year on Novem- ber 6th, and the following county officers were elected : Representative, D. C. Finn ; county commissioners, — J. W. Wallace, U. G. Rags- dell and B. F. Norton; Probate judge, D. C. Finn ; sheriff, H. B. Brown ; district clerk, F. M. Logan ; treasurer, D. Callahan ; assessor, W. H. Norton; county clerk, William Little; register of deeds, F. M. Logan ; county super- intendent, Sidney S. Smith; county attorney, J. A. Smith; coroner, J. Miller; county sur- veyor, C. W. Jewell. It will be seen from this list of officers elected, that D. C. Finn was elected both as Probate judge and as Repre- sentative of the county, in the State Legisla- ture. It will also be seen that F. M. Logan was elected both as district clerk and as regis- ter of deeds. At that time the elections law
did not require that the tickets should be printed at public expense ; any one could write or print his ticket. Candidates were voted for without much reference to their nominations; often they were not nominated at all ; whoever received the highest number of votes for any office, whether nominated for that office or not, was duly elected to the same ; and at that time, when the population of the county was sparse, and the duties of the offices light, one person was allowed to hold two offices, if elected to both. The whole number of votes cast at the election that year (1866) was 321.
Of the county officers elected at the general election in 1866, as far as I know, D. C. Finn, William Little and J. A. Smith are the only ones living. Finn anl Little live in Columbus, while Smith lives at Girard, Crawford County, Kansas. The whereabouts of the others can- not be learned ; it is certain that none of them are living in this county, if living at all.
Among the records of the proceedings of the county commissioners, at their July ses- sion, 1867, may be found the allowed account of William Matheney, "for assisting the county attorney in the prosecution of Jefferson Davis, $25." William Matheney is remembered by many of the old settlers. He was perhaps the first lawyer that settled at Baxter Springs, and he represented the county in the State Senate early in its history. The record also shows that the fee-bill covering the services of the grand jury, "at the last session of the court," was allowed, — $77.60. J. A. Smith was then the county attorney ; and at that session of the commissioners he was allowed $75 for prose- cuting Jefferson Davis. Who Davis was, and the crime for which he was prosecuted, will appear when we come to the chapter covering matters of that kind.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
At the September (1867) session of the county commissioners, as shown of record, the commissioners made the following order :
That the office of D. C. Finn, as Judge of the Pro- bate Court, (be) declared vacant, upon the part of D. C. Finn, (he) failing to renew his bond, and also failing to hold court as the law directs him to do, and failing to keep his records at the county seat open to the in- spection of the public, as the law requires him to do.
At the same session the commissioners ap- pointed John D. Coulter as Probate judge, "in and for Cherokee County, to fill the vacancy of D. C. Finn."
For the year 1867 the following tax levy was made upon the property of Cherokee County: State tax, $659.56; school tax, $164.89; county tax, $3,287.50; total, $4,- 012.25.
THE "COUNTY SEAT WAR."
At a special election of 1867 the question of locating the county seat, permanently, was submitted to the people, there having arisen a good deal of dissatisfaction against its remain- ing at Pleasant View. Columbus and Baxter Springs were the contestants for the honor. Columbus was then known as Cherokee Center. The total number of votes cast, according to a printed statement of the matter, was 139, of which Baxter Springs received all but three. But for some reason the records were not moved at once to that place; in fact, the rec- ords were not moved to Baxter Springs until April 14, 1868, and at that in obedience to a peremptory order of the Supreme Court, under a writ of mandamus. It is said that Baxter Springs, as a matter of fact, was not then in the State of Kansas; that the survey which was afterward made, by which the south line
of the State was moved two and one quarter miles south, through a treaty with the Indians, was not made until after two or three terms of the District Court of Cherokee County had been held in the Indian Territory.
The changing of the county seat from Pleasant View to Baxter Springs did not suit the people of the county any better. On the other hand, the dissatisfaction was really greater, many thinking that the vote, moving the county seat, was fraudulent. Those who favored Columbus believed that, if a fair elec- tion could be held, they would be able to secure a change. So much was said of the matter that the commissioners were at last petitioned to call another election. It seems, from the record, that two elections were held in the month of May, 1868, the first on the 12th, the second on the 26th. At the first election the vote stood as follows: Baxter Springs, 600; Geographical Center, 639 ; Cherokee Center, 1 : The Center, 95, or a total of 1335. No one point having received a majority of the votes cast the matter remained undecided. At the election on the 26th of May, two weeks after the other election, 1885 votes were cast. Of these Baxter Springs received 965 ; Geographi- cal Center, 920. By this election Baxter Springr retained the county seat.
It would seem that by this time the county seat controversy ought to be settled ; but it was not. The dissatisfaction was not in the least abated. On the contrary, it had increased. The location of the county seat six miles from the east line of the county and two miles from the south line could not be made to appear a proper measure, when the geographical center of the county offered a more convenient site and was soon to become easily accessible from all parts of the county by railroad. The people,
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therefore, stirred up the matter and would not allow it to quiet down. Every effort was made to bring the question before the people again, and this time to secure a final determi- nation of it. A special election was called for February 17, 1869. The vote was cast at that time, and on the 20th day, as shown of record, the county commissioners met and counted the returns, their session being held at Baxter Springs, then the county seat. The following table, showing the returns, is taken from the record :
|
Precincts Pleasant View . . |
For Baxter Springs s |
For Columbus iog |
For Peters- ville |
|
Baxter Springs . |
• 1045 |
31 |
|
|
Lowell |
60 |
25 93 |
|
|
Shawnee |
130 |
||
|
Sherman City . . . |
108 |
||
|
Crawford |
57 |
||
|
Petersville |
I |
22 |
I |
|
Ratcliff |
73 |
||
|
Neutral City Neosho |
7 |
43 42 |
|
|
Salamanca |
66 |
||
|
Lola |
352 |
||
|
Total |
, 1118 |
"51 |
I |
There is a bit of unwritten history con- nected with this election, which may be of in- terest here to relate, as it clears up what would always be a mystery. Outside of Baxter Springs only 73 votes had been cast for that place, and these by four precincts; but Colum- bus received a good vote from every precinct in the county. Evidently, Baxter Springs had done a big lot of "stuffing" at the polls. It cast 1045 votes, while it is safe to say that the town did not have more than that number of inhabi- tants, men, women and children. When all the votes had been counted, except those cast by
Lola precinct, it was found that Baxter Springs was 319 ahead of Columbus. Capt. Sidney S. Smith, an ardent supporter of Columbus, see- ing that Baxter Springs had made its show- down, began to feel in his pockets for the re- turns from Lola precinct, which he claimed to have brought in. To his utter astonishment, the package was missing. He was greatly con- fused, but finally said that he must have left the package in his saddlebags, at the hotel ; that he would go to the hotel and make a search for it. He was gone two or three hours, and came back without the package, seemingly very de- jected over the loss of the returns, which, if not found, would leave the matter as before the election, Baxter Springs still holding the coun- ty seat. Finally he gathered up the tail of his overcoat, as if accidentally, and it was found that the package had slipped down into the lining of the coat. He cut it out, produced the returns to the commissioners, and when they were counted, Columbus was 33 ahead of Bax- ter Springs, as the above table shows.
As showing that each faction in the county seat contest had grounds for suspecting the other of fraud, it may be noted that, in the election of 1876, a presidential year, when it is presumed that every precinct brought out every available voter, the total number of votes cast by Baxter Springs was 218, and that the total vote cast by Lola precinct was 130. This was seven years after the county seat contest, when the population of the precincts must have been double what it was at the election of 1869.
When the result of the county seat contest was shown, and the showing had given it to Columbus, neither faction dared charge the other with fraud ; for it was too plainly evi- dent that both had practiced it. If Baxter Springs had held out some precinct, as the
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
friends of Columbus had done, the former place would no doubt be the county seat to-day. It made its showing too early; for this gave the friends of Columbus an opportunity to see how many votes Lola precinct must bring in, in order to carry the election. Such methods would now be called fraudulent ; they were per- haps less so then. The country was new, and there were fewer persons to be affected, and smaller interests were at stake.
Capt. Sidney S. Smith's name is always associated with the thrilling events connected with what may not be improperly called the "County Seat War" of Cherokee County. He was an ardent supporter of the change, and he left no effort untried for carrying the matter his way. He had unconquerable will power, and to this was added a genius for employing expedients rarely equalled and probably never surpassed. Immediately after the votes were all in and counted, and while the people of Bax- ter Springs were dazed at the result. Captain Smith quietly counseled with his friends there with him, and they decided to move the records at once, without even waiting for a certificate from the county clerk, and certainly not for the order of the county commissioners. The rec- ord does not show any order ; it is silent on the matter of moving the county seat to Colum- bus. A little after nightfall, and without much ado, the records were quickly loaded into a two- horse wagon, which was driven out of town be- fore it was known to anybody, excepting the friends of the movement. It is said that the man in charge of the wagon, after he had driven about two miles from town, transferred the records to another wagon, the driver of which knew what he had to do. The first man returned with his wagon to Baxter Springs, in
order to throw off their guard any persons who might have seen him drive away ; and it is also said that the second man, instead of taking a direct course toward Columbus, sought a cir- cuitous route and entered the town from an opposite direction. All these precautions were taken, it being believed that the men who had worked so faithfully for Baxter Springs would not quietly give up. It was believed that when they recovered from the stunning effects of the defeat they would employ force- ful measures for holding the records.
The friends of Columbus, anticipating that the county seat contest would be settled in favor of that place, had prepared a room in an old frame house which then stood on the east end of the south side of the public square, where the Steward Building now stands. They were kept there about two years, and were then moved into a new building which was com- pleted in the spring of 1871, on the northeast corner of the public square, and which cost the county about $1,500. It remained there until 1889, when the new Court House was finished, at a cost of about $70,000, and the records moved into it. The old, wooden house, weather-worn and dilapidated, was then quietly moved away, being bought by William H. Chew and moved out on his farm, to be used as a barn. The contrast between the old, wooden building, dingy, dreary and dilapi- dated, as it awaited the day of its going, and the imposing, brick-and-stone structure which rose to take its place, fitly illustrated the rapid progress made in the development of the re- sources of the county, and the subsequent in- crease in the comforts and conveniences to the people. In these respects Cherokee County has been, and is yet. an astonishment, not only to
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the outside world, but even to its own inhabi- tants, as well as to those who have temporarily sojourned among its busy people.
For many years after the moving of the county seat from Baxter Springs to Columbus, a spirit of antagonism prevailed between the people of the two places. It was deeply serious, and it sometimes led to expressions of bitter- ness and "cordial dislike." Even yet there are those who probably do not cultivate a marked degree of charity and forgiveness, when recall- ing the exciting incident which so separated the people in those days ; but within recent years, time having somewhat mollified their wounded feelings, while removing some who took an active, aggressive part in the factional contest, the people have sought the ways of peace and brotherly consideration, to the extent that the lines of separation have been mostly erased. The generation now coming on will practically know nothing of the old troubles, only as they read of them in the annals of the county.
There was one condition which helped Bax- ter Springs to bear much of the supposed mis- fortune of losing the county seat : It was by far the busiest town in the county, besides being the oldest and the largest in population. It was what yas called a "wide-open" town, and there was a free-and-easy way among its people, such as is characteristic of all frontier places. It was the gathering place of many cattlemen and the cowboys whom they employed ; and the tradespeople who were there to supply the wants of these classes were too busy to take time for considering little matters like county seat controversies. It was the emporium of the Southwest country; and within its mart could be found every class and kind of merchandise that the wants of the settlers and sojourners 4
required, and these in quantities suited to the demand. Hither came hundreds of drovers with their herds. These were the days before the com- ing of the railroad, when the country had not yet fully awakened to the call of intenser indus- trial pursuits ; but there were trade and traffic, and there were the coming and the going of many in quest of opportunities for bargain and sale. These conditions continued for many years; and even as late as 1875, after the dis- covery of rich mines of lead and zinc, at Joplin, Missouri, had begun to attract attention to that place, Baxter Springs remained the leading business point south of Fort Scott and west of Carthage, Missouri ; and here hundreds of thousands of dollars changed hands between the Texas and Indian Territory cattlemen and the buyers for the markets of the North ; and as such it contained among its inhabitants nearly every class of people found in the United States, not a few of whom dwelt lightly within its borders, and were ever ready, like the shift- ing sands of the desert, to move on under the impulse of a lightly stirring breeze.
Really it was not until after these conditions had given way to the growing requirements of better social tendencies and to the fixing of more permanent pursuits, that the inhabitants of Baxter Springs fully realized what it had lost in the election of 1869.
LIST OF COUNTY OFFICERS.
In the following list I have endeavored to get the facts, as far as can be had from the rec- ords, in the keeping of which, there are reasons to believe, many errors could have easily gotten in. It is designed to give the names of the per- sons who were elected to the county offices, in- cluding those elected to the State Senate and
68
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
the House of Representatives ; to note resigna- tions, refusals to serve, and appointments for filling vacancies. Deputies and assistants will not be noted.
1866.
On August 3, 1866, Cherokee County then not having been organized, Governor Crawford appointed A. V. Peters, Reese Cadwalader and J. W. Wallace special county commissioners, and Julius C. Petit special county clerk, for the purpose of organizing the county. The special county commissioners, on the 22nd of Septem- ber ©f that year, appointed D. C. Finn Probate judge. An election was called for November 6th, and at that time the following county offi- cers were elected : Representative, D. C. Finn ; county commisisoners, — J. W. Wallace, U. G. Ragsdell and B. F. Norton; county clerk, Wil- liam Little; Probate judge, D. C. Finn; dis- trict clerk, F. M. Logan ; sheriff, H. B. Brown ; register of deeds, F. M. Logan ; surveyor, C. W. Jewell; county attorney, James A. Smith; treasurer, D. Callahan.
1867.
Representative, N. D. Ingraham ; county commissioners, — W. C. Pender, P. G. Noel and S. S. Smith; county clerk, William -Little; treasurer, J. J. Goodner; register of deeds, C. A. Keithley; county superintendent, William Givens; Probate judge, W. M. Matheney; dis- trict clerk, Lane Williams; sheriff, William G. Seright ; coroner, John Dyer ; surveyor, J. H. Lucas ; county assessor, Clinton McMickle.
1868.
Representative, C. C. McDowell ; state sen-
ator, M. Voss ; county attorney, John N. Ritter ; county superintendent, D. R. Martin (appoint- ed February 6th) ; Probate judge, Amos San- ford ; county commissioners, — M. Robertson, and R. W. Bogges ; district clerk, W. B. Shock- ley. D. R. Martin was elected county superin- tendent.
1869.
Representative, J. B. Hodgins; sheriff', J. S. Vincent; register of deeds, John Little; county clerk, J. G. Dunlavey; treasurer, S. S. Smith ; coroner, R. M. Elliott ; surveyor, Jo- seph Wallace ; county commissioners, — Milton Douglass, S. W. Vanatta and M. Robeson. The number of votes cast that year was 11 76. C. A. Keithley, who had been elected register of deeds in 1867, failed to qualify, and did not hold the office; but the commissioners did not make any appointment until February 2, 1869, when they appointed John H. Dyer, to serve until his successor was elected and qualified. For some reason not shown in the record, the Governor appointed J. F. McDowell, Probate judge November 2, 1869.
1870.
Representative, George W. Wood ; State Senator, H. D. Moore; register of deeds, John H. Little ; district clerk, Bruce Miller ; Probate judge, J. F. McDowell; county superintendent, T. S. Stockslager ; county attorney, John N. Ritter; county commissioners, — W. H. Clark, and J. W. Spencer. Whole number of votes cast, 1757.
1871.
Representative, George W. Wood; county
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69
commissioners, — J. R. Royce, Milton Doug- lass and H. H. Angell ; sheriff, J. H. Ludlow ; coroner, J. B. Thurman ; treasurer, J. S. Vin- cent ; J. O. Norris ; register of deeds, E. A. Scammon : county surveyor, Joseph Wallace.
1872.
Representatives, — Cyrus Harvey and A. F. Childs; State Senator, W. M. Matheney; dis- trict clerk, A. W. McGill ; county superintend- ent, J. A. Murray; Probate judge, C. D. Nich- ols; coroner, W. P. Eddy; county attorney, W. H. YVhiteman. Votes cast, 2194.
1873.
Representatives, — Lawrence Conklin and L. P. Stowell; sheriff, Alfred Palmer; treas- urer, Slemons Lisle; county clerk, Edward Mc- Pherson ; register of deeds, T. V. Lane ; county surveyor, W. W. Murry; coroner. J- A. Smith ; county commissioner, John McLaugh- lin.
1874.
Representatives, — H. H. Angell and W. E. Cowen ; State Senator, E. C. Wells ; district clerk, C. O. Stockslager ; county attorney, John N. Ritter ; Probate judge, C. D. Nichols ; coun- ty superintendent, H. W. Sandusky.
1875-
Representatives, — J. H. Smith and J. R Hallowell; treasurer, Slemons Lisle; sheriff, Alfred Palmer ; county clerk, Edward McPher- son ; register of deeds, W. C. Jones ; county sur- veyor, J. B. Hodgins ; coroner, D. S. Freeman ; county commissioner, T. F. Wilson.
In August, 1875, Lola township voted on bonds for the aid of the Memphis, Carthage & Northwestern Railroad. The township cast 60 votes, 21 for and 39 against the bonds. On September 7, 1875, Salamanca township voted on bonds for aiding the same company, casting 171 votes; 154 for and 17 against the bonds. This is an instance in which the 'sequel shows that the minority may sometimes be right. Possibly no greater fraud was ever perpetrated upon a municipality. It certainly ought to have a prominent place in the catalogue of crimes.
1876.
Representatives, — S. W. Smith and A. F. Harold ; State Senator, J. R. Hallowell ; county attorney, D. M. McKenney; Probate judge, C. D. Nichols; county superintendent, E. M. Ma- son.
The people voted in 1876, on the proposi- tion to establish a county farm, and it was car- ried by a majority of 783 votes. The whole number of votes cast in the county that year was 2,606, the Republicans carrying the county by a majority of 267, over all.
1877.
Treasurer, G. G. Gregg; county clerk, Charles Saunders; register of deeds, J. T. Cald- well ; sheriff, A. J. Bahney ; county surveyor, Joseph Wallace; coroner, J. A. Monahan ; coun- ty commissioners, — J. T. Maxey, Henry Dur- kee and J. A. Hubbard.
There was a contest between A. S. Denni- son and A. J. Bahney, for the office of sheriff. The returns showed that Bahney was elected by a majority of 62. It was claimed by Denni- son that in two wards of Empire City, which
70
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
was the largest town in the county, the cigar boxes which had been used for ballot boxes, had been slipped out, while the judges and clerks of the election were at supper, and other boxes, of the same kind, had been substituted, containing fraudulent ballots. The case was tried before C. D. Nichols, Probate judge, on December 26, 1877, continuing, from time to time, until January 9, 1878, when it was decided in favor of Bahney. Dennison then took an appeal to the District Court, and subsequently a change of venue to the Johnson County Dis- trict Court ; but it never came to trial there, and Bahney held the office. Dennison had some of the best lawyers in the county: J. R. Hallo- well, H. G. Webb, W. H. Whiteman, J. D. Lewis, W. H. Hornor, and Ritter & Anderson. Bahney had as good : Stockslager & Spear, Bennett & Hampton, and Cowley & Skidmore. The record also shows a contest between W. C. Jones and J. T. Caldwell, over the office of register of deeds. After a number of continu- ances, the case was dismissed.
1878.
Representatives, — H. T. Helmrick, T. P. Anderson and J. S. Gillespie ; county attorney, W. R. Cowley; district clerk, M. W. Coulter; Probate judge, H. C. Pursel; county superin- tendent, J. H. Baxter ; coroner, David Crow.
The proposition to build a new Court House was defeated by a majority of 1952, out of a vote of 2,518.
1879.
Representative, C. G. Metzler; State Sena-' tor, J. J. Goodner; treasurer, R. H. Stott; county clerk, C. A. Saunders; sheriff, A. S.
Dennison; register of deeds, Clarence Wood- ruff; county surveyor, C. L. McClung; coro- ner, Jonathan Pickering ; county commissioner, W. E. Swanson.
As shown in the returns of the election of 1879, C. A. Saunders was elected county clerk by a majority of 58. E. H. Dunbar, who was a candidate for the office, contested the election, and the case was tried before H. C. Pursel, A. H. Skidmore and E. A. Scammon. The case was dismissed, at the motion of the contestor, December 26, 1879, the contestor being held for the costs, $45.95.
1880.
Representatives — V. L. Browning, C. R. Webbert and H. R. Hubbard ; State Senator, B. F. Hogg; district clerk, J. E. Tutton ; county attorney, W. R. Cowley ; Probate Judge. E. J. Leggett; county surveyor, Joseph Wallace; county commissioner, R. W. Vaughn; county superintendent, E. J. Leggett.
The constitutional amendment relating to the prohibition of the sale of intoxicating liquors received a majority of 477 in favor of the amendment, out of a vote of 4.368. There were no contests that year.
1881.
Treasurer, R. H. Stott ; county clerk, John T. Veatch ; sheriff, A. S. Dennison ; register of deeds, C. L. Woodruff; county surveyor, E. W. Cooter ; coroner, I. N. Smith ; county com- missioner, John Russell.
1882. Representatives — T. P. Anderson and W.
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B. Stone ; county attorney, C. D. Ashley ; dis- trict clerk, James Whitcraft ; Probate judge, H.
C. Pursel; county superintendent, Sallie Hut- sell ; county commissioner, W. E. Swanson.
There were three candidates for each office, and there were 4,132 votes cast. Sallie Hut- sell, for county superintendent, was eletcted by a plurality of one vote.
1883.
Treasurer, G. G. Gregg ; county clerk, John T. Veatch; sheriff, W. H. Layne; register of deeds, S. Y. Timberlake; county surveyor, E. W. Cooter ; coroner, J. W. May ; county com- missioner, M. Robeson.
The returns show that W. H. Layne was elected by a plurality of one vote. His elec- tion was contested by G. W. Hoyt, and the case was tried before H. C. Pursel, Probate judge, and A, W. McGill and Benjamin D. Beal. The final hearing was on January 4, 1884; and upon motion to dismiss, the case was dismissed, the contestor paying the costs — $80.90.
1884.
Representatives — E. C. Scammon, J. S. Gillespie and E. C. Weilep; State Senator, John N. Ritter; district clerk, James Whitcraft; county attorney, C. O. Stockslager; Probate judge, George Richardson ; county superinten- dent, Sallie Hutsell ; county commissioner, John Russell.
The year 1884 was remarkable for the polit- ical enthusiasm which prevailed. There were four candidates for the presidency : James G. Blaine, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin F. Butler and John P. St. John. These brought out every available voter. Cherokee County, that year,
cast 5,634 votes. Blaine carried the county by a plurality of 1,030, but lacked 216 of having a majority.
Treasurer, E. C. Scammon ; county clerk, L. R. McNutt; sheriff, W. H. Layne; register of deeds, William H. Chew ; county surveyor, Joseph Wallace; coroner, Lawrence Conklin; county commissioner, \V. E. Swanson.
The number of votes cast that year was 4.416.
1886.
Representatives — R. P. McGregor and H. R. Hubbard ; Probate judge, George Richard- son; district clerk, J. H. Hamilton; county at- torney, G. W. Webb; county superintendent, M. F. Jarrett; coroner, William Russell; county commissioner, M. Robeson.
The number of votes cast that year was 4,218.
Treasurer, E. C. Scammon; county clerk, J. C. Atkinson ; sheriff, J. C. Babb ; register of deeds, William H. Chew; county surveyor, Joseph Wallace ; coroner, D. W. King ; county commissioner, James M. Robinson.
The number of votes cast that year was 4708.
1888.
Representatives — John S. Gillespie and John W. Herron; State Senator, W. S. Nor- ton; county attorney, C. D. Ashley; Probate judge, Jesse Forkner; county superintendent. M. F. Jarrett; district clerk, J. H. Hamilton; county commissioner, H. N. Furness.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
In the political annals of Cherokee County no year is more vividly recalled than 1888. Three presidential candidates were in the field ; and the friends of each rallied enthusiastically to his support. No voter was allowed to remain at home, unless sick, and even then, if not seri- ously sick, he was brought out. The campaign partook somewhat of the nature of a military one; for feeling was so highly wrought that men, otherwise friendly and on neighborly terms, drifted so apart as to lose their kindlier feelings. The presidential vote that year was : Benjamin Harrison, 2,935; Grover Cleveland, 2,038; A. J. Streeter, 1,269; total, 6,242. Har- rison's plurality was 897; but he lacked 187 of having a majority.
1889.
Treasurer, H. R. Sadler; sheriff, J. C. Babb ; register of deeds, J. H. Abbott ; county clerk, J. C. Atkinson ; county surveyor, E. S. Morton ; coroner, R. S. Mahan ; county com- missioner, R. P. McGregor.
The number of votes cast that year was
4-951-
1890.
Representatives — J. T. Jones and J. H. Chubb; Probate judge, John Stauffer; county attorney, W. J. Moore; district clerk, C. R. Bernard ; county superintendent, Anna Wid- man ; county surveyor, Joseph Wallace ; county commissioner, F. A. Jackson.
1891.
Treasurer, A. D. Watts; sheriff, C. D. Arnold ; register of deeds. J. C. Hubbard ; county clerk. P. M. Humphrey ; county sur-
veyor, Joseph Wallace ; coroner, O. L. Young ; county commissioner, J. H. Armstrong.
The number of votes cast that year was
5.645-
1892.
Representatives — M. L. Walters and Alex- ander Warner; State Senator, M. A. House- holder; Probate judge, John Stauffer; district clerk, C. R. Bernard ; county superintendent, Anna Widman; county attorney, W. J. Moore; county commissioner, Andrew Shearer.
The number of votes cast that year was 6,508; of these, Cleveland received 3,752 ; Har- rison, 2,695 '< Bidwell, 61. The Populist reform movement in Kansas was at its full force at that time.
1893.
Treasurer, A. D. Watts ; sheriff, C. D. Ar- nold ; county clerk, P. M. Humphrey ; register of deeds, J. C. Hubbard ; county surveyor, William H. Dugger; coroner, E. W. Doan; county commissioner, F. A. Jackson.
The number of votes cast that vear was 4,823.
1894-
Representatives — James Duffy and Alex- ander Warner ; county attorney, C. A. McNeill ; Probate judge, W. R. Elliott; district clerk, L. G. Scranton ; county superintendent, E. O. Herod ; county commissioner, James H. Elliott.
The number of votes cast that vear was 5,128.
1895-
Treasurer, Andrew Shearer; sheriff. W. T. Forkner; register of deeds, H. A. Bender;
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county clerk, Thomas Thomason; county sur- veyor, Joseph Wallace ; coroner, C. S. Huff- man ; county commissioner, W. H. Peters.
The proposition for building a jail was de- feated by a majority of 281.
The number of votes cast that year was
5>387-
1896.
Representatives — George T. McGrath and E. C. W'eilep; State Senator, M. A. House- holder ; county attorney, Charles Stephens ; dis- trict clerk, L. G. Scranton; Probate judge, E. E. Sapp ; county superintendent, C. F. Cool ; county commissioner, James Pryor.
The number of votes cast for the presi- dential candidates was 8,703, of which McKin- ley received 3,505; Bryan, 5,108; Palmer, 46; Levering, 44.
1S97.
Treasurer, Frank Hoover ; county clerk, S. W. Swinney ; register of deeds, Ross David- son ; sheriff, O. W. Sparks ; county surveyor, J. H. Jenkins ; coroner, \Y. Hisle ; county com- missioner, Charles H. Smith.
The number of votes cast that year was 6,304-
Representatives — J. C. Fogle and G. W. YVheatley ; Probate judge, E. E. Sapp ; district clerk, J. M. Wales ; county attorney, Charles Stephens; county superintendent, C. F. Cool; county commissioner, W. H. Peters.
The number of votes cast that year was 6.213.
1899.
Treasurer, Frank Hoover; sheriff. O. W.
Sparks; county clerk, S. W. Swinney; regis- ter of deeds, Ross Davidson; Probate judge, George H. Wilson ; clerk of the Court of Com- mon Pleas at Galena, E. F. Tucker; county surveyor, J. H. Jenkins ; coroner, R. B. En- glish ; county commissioner, J. B. Pryor.
The number of votes cast that year was 8,033. This heavy vote was due to a number of causes. At a special session of the Legisla- ture of Kansas, begun on December 21, 1898,. a new court of record, to be known as "The Court of Common Pleas for Cherokee and Crawford Counties," was established; and the act provided for submitting the matter to the qualified voters of the two counties, at the general election of 1899. Besides this, there was the proposition to build a County High School, which matter was thoroughly agitated among the people that year. The Common Pleas Court proposition was carried by a ma- jority of 1.740; the High School proposition was carried by a majority of 379.
Judge E. E. Sapp, of Galena, was elected to the bench of the new court. Sessions of the court were held at Galena, Cherokee County, and at Pittsburg, Crawford County. At the July (1900) term of the Supreme Court, in re John Davis, 62 K, page 231, the court handed down a decision, declaring that Court of Com- mon Pleas as not having been legally estab- lished. After this Cherokee County was made to constitute the Eleventh Judicial District, and Judge A. H. Skidmore continued on the bench of the District Court until Judge W. B. Glasse was elected his successor, at the general election of 1902.
1900. Representatives — E. C. Weilep and Teas-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
dale Wilkinson ; State Senator, M. A. House- holder; county attorney, J. N. Dunbar; dis- trict clerk, J. M. Wales; Probate judge, R. M. Cheshire ; county superintendent, S. N. Mont- gomery; board of trustees of the County High School — Walter Merrick, Emerson Hull, T. J. Vest, Phil. L. Keener, C. A. Gibbs and P. L. McManus.
The number of votes cast that year was 9.756, the largest ever cast in the county, up to that time.
1901.
By an act of the Legislature of the State of Kansas, approved March 1, 1901, the election of county officers was fixed to come in even numbered years, beginning with 1902, except the election of county commissioners.
1902.
District judge, W. B. Glasse; Representa- tives— E. B. Schermerhorn and John Mc- Laughlin ; treasurer, Franklin Elliott ; sheriff, Charles L. Raines ; county clerk, William H. Shaffer ; register of deeds, E. R. Pattyson ; district clerk, J. B. Rudolph ; county attorney, Al. F. Williams; county superintendent, Birdie Adams ; Probate judge, George H. Wilson ; county surveyor, J. S. Sherman ; coroner, J. H. Boss ; board of trusteees of the County High School — D. C. Walker, Emerson Hull, Walter Merrick and T. J. Vest.
The number of votes cast that year was 6,560, which, compared with the vote of 1900, shows a falling off of 3,196.
THE POLITICAL PHASES.
That everv man living in the State of Kan-
sas belongs to some political party, is a proposi- tion which is almost idle to utter. Here partisan affiliation is almost an instinct ; and he who has no "political home" is a lonely outcast, even in the midst of the din and rush of politi- cal agitation. The early settlers of the State lived under a tense political strain, from the day they set foot upon its soil, and those who came later readily partook of the spirit of the most enthusiastic demonstrations. The sur- roundings made it necessary. They had to de- clare themselves, for they were not allowed to remain silent. The lines were drawn, and they had to take sides.
The Republican party of Kansas, when not torn into factions through the disagreement of its leaders, has always been dominant in the State, as a matter of birthright. It has been next to folly for any other party to seek a breaking of its control of public affairs; for this has never been done, except when internal dissensions have dissipated its strength and driven large numbers into the camps of the opposing party. The State has had four Gov- ernors who were not elected by the Republican party, — St. John, Glick, Lewelling and Leedy; and it has sent but three men, other than Re- publicans, to the United States Senate, — Mar- tin, Harris and Peffer, the latter of whom went back to the Republican party when it was no longer profitable for him to remain with the Populists.
The political phases of Cherokee County have partaken much of the character of those of the State. Nominally, the county is Repub- lican ; but the people sometimes break away ; and as the numerical strength of the two par- ties is almost evenly divided, the Democrats have held the innings about as often as the Re- publicans. Each party has been often rendered
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incapable of gaining public control, through blunders made in each by a few who were too anxious to direct the party machinery.
Back in the early days of the county, when the inhabitants were few, and the frontier spirit bound the people closer, there was a time when the only question that divided them was whether a person supported or opposed the Joy side of the land question. All other likes and dislikes were for a while laid aside; in fact, this matter was the issue among the people of Cherokee County for seven or eight years. Af- ter it was settled by the Supreme Court of the United States, by which settlement the ^Leaguers" lost their lands, the Democrats and Republicans, who had joined hands on one side or the other, quietly fell back to their places in the political parties ; and from that time down to the present no side issue has been such as to draw them away, save that during the Populist uprising of 1890 many of the members of the two parties cut their moorings and took passage in the reform craft and went out upon a brief voyage, while the two disabled parties remained on the shoals and watched the sail as it went over the rounded sea. Some of the voyagers are back in their respective ships, while some of them are yet at sea, "rocked in the cradle of the deep."
From about the year 1876 down to the year 1890, neither of the principal parties engaged in any "masterful inactivity." There was some- thing lively going on all the time. Scarcely was a political canvass over when scheming began for the succeeding one. Elections were held every year, which maintained a condition of constant turmoil, and which required an out- watch always on duty. The terms of the county offices were for two years, and the offi- cers coming in alternated with those going out.
Often half of the offices in the Court House were filled by Republicans, and the other half by Democrats ; but there were times, after 1890, when the offices were filled by neither.
Perhaps the intensest political contest ever had between the Republican and the Democrats of Cherokee County was that of 1888. And this is perhaps true in every other part of the country where numbers were anywhere nearly equal. There was a general reason for it. In 1884 the Democratic candidate for the presi- dency was elected and the following spring was inaugurated, the first Democratic President in- augurated since March 4, 1857. Four years after 1884 the Democrats were determined that Grover Cleveland should be re-elected ; the Re- publicans were equally determined that he should be defeated,and that Benjamin Harrison should be elected the next President of the United States. Each party was correspondingly eager and zealous. Tremendous influences were brought to bear upon the people, from those im- mediately under the control of the national committees, down to the voters who were man- aged by the ward politicians in the cities and by the precinct managers in the rural districts. Big local contributions were made to the cam- paign funds, for many were so enthusiastic that they spent money freely, in order to gain advantage over the opposing party. The ag- gregate of each party was mustered, drilled and marched to the polls on election day. Ward and precinct meetings were held whenever and wherever there was the slightest hope for gain- ing any advantage. Speakers were employed to hold meetings at the school houses in all the rural districts ; abler ones were brought in from other parts to address the town-hall gatherings, and still others to speak to the multitudes too vast for other than out-door meetings.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUXTY
MEMORABLE POLITICAL RALLIES.
In the fall of 1888 some of the greatest polit- ical rallies ever known were held at Columbus. The first was on the 22(1 day of September, following the meeting of the Democratic County- Convention. The convention met at the Opera House at 1 1 o'clock in the forenoon, and was called to order by R. A. Long, chairman of the county central committee. R. M. Cheshire, mayor of Columbus, was chosen temporary chairman of the convention, and J. H. Clawson was chosen secretary. After the chairman had appointed the usual committees, the convention adjourned until 1 -.^o in the afternoon.
On assembling in the afternoon, J. C. Mur- doch, of Galena, was chosen permanent chair- man, and A. L. Hayden, of Weir City, was chosen secretary. Dr. E. A. Scammon was chairman of the committee on resolutions. From the report of the committee I copy this sentence : "That, in the administration of our county affairs, we demand of all officers a strict and full performance of all their official duties ; and at the hands of our county commissioners we demand that they, as the law requires, at the end of each year cause to be published a full and explicit account of every dollar expended, and for what purpose, and all indebtedness of the county, that the tax-payers may know for what purpose their money is used." It had been said about that time that the county com- missioners were not managing public matters in a business-like way ; that the people were not kept informed of the expenditures ; that the law covering such things was being ignored, and that a course of better control of the interests of the county must be had. This was one of the issues of the local canvass for votes.
The big rally of that day set in. upon the ad-
journment of the convention. The Baxter Springs Neivs, September 29, 1888, copied the following account of the rally from the Colum- bus Star-Courier:
"A parade, headed by the Columbus Band, formed at the Gulf depot, consisting of floats, ladies and gentlemen on horseback, citizens in vehicles, and various designs representing the inconsistencies of the Republican platform, marched throughout the principal streets. Hon. John A. Eaton, candidate for Congress in the Third District, spoke in the afternoon to the assembled throng west of the new Court House. He received round after round of applause as he spoke for two hours on the tariff issue. Ex- cursion trains arrived almost hourly during the day, and the committees were kept busy receiv- ing them. Judge Martin, of Topeka, arrived at 4 130 in the afternoon. He was met at the depot by two bands and a large crowd of peo- ple. He was driven to the hotel, where he re- ceived many callers during the evening. At seven o'clock the excursion arrived from Galena, one thousand strong, and a procession was formed at the Gulf depot with two thousand five hun- dred in line. All the clubs participated, mak- ing a grand procession, over a mile in length, with torchlight banners and transparencies. Fireworks were discharged on all sides, caus- ing the scene to be one of dazzling brilliancy. The transparencies illustrating the deceit and hypocrisy of the Republican platform were borne by stalwart Democrats. The Andrew Jackson Glee Club, composed of young ladies and young gentlemen, on a large float, followed by another float containing 38 ladies represent- ing the different States of the Union, were at- tractive features of the procession. After the parade the various glee clubs congregated on the speakers' stand and rendered some splendid
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campaign music. Judge Martin was intro- duced, and he held the audience for two hours. He spoke in a clear tone, and he was heard by a large proportion of the vast audience. His excellent points were loudly applauded. There is not the least doubt that Saturday was the grandest day for the Democrats that Columbus ever enjoyed. Good judges placed the crowd at from eight thousand to ten thousand. The whole matter passed off with the best of feel- ing, harmony prevailing on every hand."
Following the Democratic rally, the Re- publican managers set out to surpass it, in num- bers and in brilliancy. As indicating the en- thusiasm, the following paragraphs are taken from the Baxter Springs News:
"The Baxter Springs Republican Club pro- poses to send two hundred warriors, one hun- dred ladies and two brass bands to the grand rally at Columbus on the 13th of October."
"The Republicans are making arrange- ments for a grand demonstration at Columbus. October 13, afternoon and evening. Senator Plumb, Congressman Perkins, Hon. Eugene F. Ware and S. S. Kirkpatrick, of Fredonia, have promised to be present. There will be a grand torchlight procession and display of fireworks in the evening."
When the Republican rally day came, Co- lumbus had the biggest political rally that had ever assembled within its limits. This was gen- erally conceded. Long before the break of day the managers were up and about the work to be done; for no preparation was to be left out. The homes and the business houses of the city were lavishly and splendidly decorated, tri- umphal arches were erected, flags were flying everywhere, and by the early morning there was such a demonstration of interest as could not other than portend a day of full advantage
to the party putting forth the effort. But if the people of the town itself were ready for a grand rally, those from other parts of the county, and even from other counties, were more so. The following account of the rally is taken from the Baxter Springs News, of Oc- tober 20, 1888:
"By nine o'clock people began to pour in from the country, in large delegations and singly, in wagons, in buggies and carriages, on horseback and otherwise. At 10 o'clock the marshals, under the direction of the grand mar- shal, C. W. Daniels, of Baxter Springs, began forming the procession for the grand parade, which required an hour and a quarter for pass- ing a given point. * * * At the head of the procession was the Columbus Cornet Band ; next, one hundred ladies on horseback, riding three abreast, wearing the national colors. Fol- lowing the ladies in uniform, were ladies and gentlemen on horseback, including colored men and women. Then followed an elaborate float, covered all over with bunting and flags, drawn by six fine white horses, bearing about thirty old gentlemen who voted for Gen. William Henry Harrison in 1840. This was really one of the most imposing sights in the procession, and none of the line felt more enthusiastic or, for the time being, younger than those old vet- erans of 1840. Following them, close behind, was a geunine log cabin on a truck, drawn by four spans of mules. The cabin was complete in all its details, about ten by fifteen feet, with a porch on the front side, on which set a spin- ning-wheel and many other articles of indus- trial use so familiar to the people of that time. On the roof were a wolf and a 'possum', lazily sunning themselves, and there were a number of coonskins nailed on the outside. The cabin was designed after the pattern of the
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
primitive cabin of the settlers of the great West. * * * Then followed wagons, buggies, carts and so forth. Along down the line, and just ahead of Capt. Abbott's company of horse- men from Spring Valley, was a float containing about twenty little girls singing patriotic songs. Following this were more vehicles of various kinds, followed by the Baxter Springs Cornet Band, which led Capt. Abbott's company of horsemen numbering about one hundred young men from Spring Valley township, all uni- formed and drilled. They made a splendid ap- pearance in the line. These were followed by a float containing little girls representing the States which Harrison will carry. * " * * The procession was nearly three miles in length, and not strung out like telegraph poles, either. They were kept as close as circum- stances would permit. In the procession, at appropriate intervals, many bands were sand- wiched, among them the Baxter Springs Band, the Melrose Band, the Columbus Band, the Chetopa Drum Corps, Wall's Drum Corps, the Columbus Drum Corps and Colored Band, the Oswego Drum Corps and Richardson's Colum- bus Kid Drum Corps. By two o'clock the seats on the west side of the Court House, fronting the grand stand, were literally packed with peo- ple, numbering between four thousand and five thousand. After music by the Columbus, Mel- rose and Baxter Springs bands in unison, and two or three songs by the Columbus Glee Club, which were greeted with great applause, Capt. H. R. Hubbard, of Boston Mills, introduced Senator Preston B. Plumb, who, notwithstand- ing the great hoarseness under which he was laboring, addressed the people for one hour and forty-five minutes, upon the issues of the day. His address was a plain, common sense, logical talk upon the great issues now before
the American people, the tariff and the Mills Bill, and it was listened to with great interest and greeted with frequent applause. At 4 130 a large delegation arrived on the Frisco road, from the West, including the Coffeyville Flam- beau Club, numbering 38 well-drilled men. and also the Oswego Flambeau Club, and torch- bearers from Fredonia, Coffeyville, Cherryvale, Mound Valley and Oswego, numbering five hundred men. The Daisy Glea Club from Fredonia was also on board. At 5 130 the Weir City and Cherokee excursion train brought in the Weir City Flambeau Club and about one thousand people composed mostly of voters who were torch bearers. At 6 :30 the torches were lighted and the procession commenced forming on East Maple avenue, where it re- mained for the arrival of the Fort Scott excur- sion and for the excursion from Webb City, Joplin, Galena and Baxter Springs. The first did not arrive until 7 :_).o and the latter not until 8. These two trains brought in about two thousand people. Fort Scott furnished a splen- did flambeau club and many torch bearers, num- bering about four hundred. The train from the southeast brought in the Webb City. Joplin and Galena flambeau clubs, besides the Joplin Shot- gun Brigade. There were also about one thou- sand torch bearers in the delegation. As soon as possible the men were thrown into line and started on the march. Two thousand five hun- dred torches were in the parade, and along in the line were the various bands, and the drum and fife corps, and the line of march was through the principal streets of the city. * * * It was the grandest medley of lights and noises that ever greeted Southeastern Kansas. At 9 :20, which was as soon as the parade was over, the people again gathered around the grand stand to hear Hon. B. W. Perkins, who
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was introduced by Capt. H. R. Hubbard, the chairman. Mr. Perkins was received with en- thusiasm. He spoke over an hour, and his ad- dress was exceptionally scatching and bitter to the Democrats. The crowd being so great, and not being able to hear Mr. Perkins, an over- flow meeting was held at the Opera House, where Hon. Eugene F. Ware and ex-Governor George T. Anthony spoke to the people. * * * Taking the meeting as a whole, it was a grand success throughout, and it is acknowledged by nearly every one to have been the most elabo- rate demonstration made in the State this year, if not in the entire West."
At the time of which I write, the Union Labor party was strong in Kansas, so strong as sometimes to hold the balance of power in some of the counties. Its organization in Cherokee County was thorough, and those making up the ranks of the party were numerous and ag- gressive in the propagation of their party doc- trines.
On the 27th of October, 1888, the Union Labor party held a rally at Columbus which was perhaps more largely attended by the farm- ers of the county than any other rally held in the county, up to that time. A. J. Streeter, their candidate for the presidency that year, and W. H. Utley, their candidate for Congress from the Third District, were the chief speakers. The presence of Mr. Streeter brought out the entire party strength and the rally, in every particular, was certainly creditable to the managers who had the matter in hand. The Galena Miner, as quoted by the Baxter Springs Arex.'s of November 3, 1888, had this to say of the rally :
"To say that the Union Labor people were pleased with their demonstration at Columbus last Saturday would be putting it mildly. It was simply wildly enthusiastic. The crowd and
procession were undoubtedly the largest evei held in the county, considering the fact that it was confined almost wholly to Cherokee County people. The old parties had more people pres- ent at their demonstrations than the Union La- bor people had, but at both of their meetings the crowds were largely swelled by imported delegations from neighboring counties. Galena turned out three car-loads of people, the train arriving at 10:30 in the forenoon. Soon after the arrival of our train the grand procession was formed, and the parade began from the Gulf depot, headed by the Galena Band and the Short Creek delegation on foot. Moving to the square, and around to the south side, the Galena Band and delegation halted, opened ranks and allowed the procession to pass through. It was two miles in length, the peo- ple in wagons, carriages, buggies and on horse- back, and it required forty-five minutes to pass a given point. One feature of the procession was the universal acceptance of the appellation, 'Pumpkin Huskers,' as applied to the new party by the old parties. There was a liberal display of pumpkins on almost every vehicle in the pro- cession. The tails and manes of their horses were trimmed with oats, wheat, rye and flow- ers, while wreaths of corn and bunches of ap- ples hung around their horses' necks or hung from thier saddles. Corn-stalks, with massive ears of corn on them, appeared all along the line. Castor-bean stalks, oats, trees with apples on them, corn, Irish potatoes and sweet potatoes were displayed in abundance on almost every wagon. Hay wagons, covered with hay and loaded down with little boys and girls, were pleasing features. A float, bearing a rail- splitter with maul and wedge, working lustily as it went along, was one of the attractions ; and several floats, bearing ladies and glee clubs,
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
were in the procession. Flags and banners, bearing all kinds of superscriptions, were numerous, expressing the sentiments and princi- ples of the party. In display, the procession throughout was out of the regular order of things of that kind, entirely original and unique, giving a better idea of the purposes of the party than a torchlight procession forty miles in length. At 1 :40 in the afternoon James Skid- more, as chairman, introduced Hon. A. J. Streeter, a Union Labor candidate for the presi- dency, to one of the largest and most attentive assemblies that has listened to any speaker in this county, this year. He spoke for nearly two hours. Hon. W. H. Utley. the Union Labor candidate for Congress, was introduced and he spoke for a few minutes, which concluded the exercises of the day."
The last big rally held in Columbus in the fall of 1888 was that of the Democratic party, held on Saturday, November 3d, three days be- fore the election. It is said that when the chair- man of the Democratic County Central Com- mittee saw the big Republican rally, which was held on October 13th, he said he was deter- mined to surpass it in number, at the next Democratic rally, if it cost him a thousand dol- lars out of his own pocket. He set out to do if; and it is generaly conceded that he succeeded. I quote again from the Baxter Springs News, of November 10, 1888:
"The demonstration held at Columbus last Saturday, by the Democratic party of this county, exceeded, in point of numbers, anything else of the kind ever held in Southern Kansas. During the forenoon every road leading into Columbus was literally a grand procession of wagons, buggies and horsemen in gay uni- forms, while the trains invariably arrived late and loaded down to the guards : and when about
noon the vast assemblage had gathered in and about the city, it was found that no amount of good generalship there obtainable was adequate to handle the throng and get them into line for the grand parade. After struggling for about one hour and a half to get a start of some kind, and in some order, the words, 'forward, march,' were given ; and then for fully an hour delega- tion behind delegation, with bands playing and colors floating, filed into line and paraded the principal streets of the town. A general rush was then made for dinner, which cut the parade short. After dinner the several bands met at the speakers' stand in the public square, and after giving several selections, and the glee club had sung a piece or two, Hon. T. T. Crit- tenden, of Missouri, was introduced, and he made a lengthy and interesting address. At five o'clock in the afternoon the Galena, Mel- rose, Weir City, Monett (Mo.) and the Bax- ter Springs cornet bands met at the Odd Fel- lows' Hall and, under the command of Col. L. C. Weldy, made a parade around the square, in platoons of five, playing in unison a difficult quickstep. Returning to the hall, a halt was called and another piece was selected, playing which the band of sixty pieces marched in single file into their large dining hall, filing around the tables until the selection was ended. This was a feature of a demonstration not on the pro- gram, but it was, nevertheless, not the least in- teresting. It was acknowledged by all musi- cians, as well as by others, to be the most won- derful band performance ever given in Kan- sas, both as regards the music and the drill. Col. Weldy won glittering laurels from the band boys, for the excellent manner in which he handled them. After supper three or four large excursion trains were received, the last one arriving after eight o'clock, after which the
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grand torchlight procession was formed and wended its way amid the glare of flambeaus, torches and rockets, the music of bands and drums, the crack of muskets and the huzzas of thousands of enthusiastic American citizens, through the principal streets and around the square again and again, until the crowd was gradually lessened, by the trampers, one by one, dropping out of the ranks, from sheer fatigue. The display of fireworks was exceptionally fine, as were also the decorations of the homes and buildings of the city, both day and evening. Owing to the fact that the election is now over, in the result of which the people are more inter- ested than in rallies, we cut this report much shorter than we otherwise would. There are many interesting features of which we have not spoken, for this reason."
THE INCREASE OF POPULATION, AND IMMIGRA- TION FROM OTHER STATES.
The original settlers of Cherokee County came from the Northern and Middle Eastern States. A very large proportion of them came from the States of Illinois and Indiana, a few from New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio. Al- most none came from the New England States, and only a few from Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, a few from Iowa, a few from Ken- tucky and Tennessee.
The people who first came, as well as those who came later, were farmers who, after the war was over, and the country had taken on new life, betook themselves to newer parts, coming West, where they might light upon easier conditions and wider opportunities for building homes, and where larger returns might come of their labor and the comforts of life more rapidly accumulate. Many young men
only a few years out of the army, where they had been affected by the spirit of adventure, came with the purpose of devoting themselves to the pursuits of peace, under enough of the inspiration of frontier life to keep alive the memory of the incidents of war.
The population of Cherokee County, in 1870, the first census after the organization of the county, is given in the following table :
Pleasant View Township 971
Cherokee Township 370
Ross Township 449
Sheridan Township 1,149
Lola Township 650
Salamanca Township 306
Crawford Township 593
Shawnee Township 894
Lowell Township 1,612
Spring Valley Township 2,364
Lyon Township 378
Neosho Township 900
The town of Columbus 402
Total 11,038
In the census for that year the population of Baxter Springs was included in that of Spring Valley township ; Galena and Empire City were included in the population of Lowell township, and Weir City was included in Cher- okee township.
The following table shows the population of Cherokee County, by townships and cities, for the years 1880, 1890 and 1900:
Townships 1880 1890 1900
Pleasant View 1,107 1,181 1,073
Cherokee 996 1,639 2,135
Mineral 1,144 1,189 L539
Ross 1,071 1,224 2,776
Sheridan 1,642 1,661 1,325
Lola 1,052 792 1,145
Salamanca 1,993 1.061 1.016
Crawford 893 947 857
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Townships 1880 1890 1900
Shawnee 995 983 950
Lowell 5,-2.24 1,486 1.486
Garden 1, 134 1,296 2,652
Spring Valley 2,499 1,512 1,432
Lyon 909 975 1,043
Neosho 1,246 1,124 1,123
21,895 17,010 20,552 Cities.
Columbus 1,164 2,135 2,414
Galena 2,362 10,511
Baxter Springs 1.324 1.539
Empire City 1,367 889 2,245
Scammon 649 1,802
Weir City 376 2,308 3,091
24,802 26,677 42,154 For the year 1880 the population of Galena, that of Baxter Springs and that of Scammon were included in the townships in which they are situate, which accounts for their not being given among the cities. Effort was made to get the figures, but there is no public record cover- ing these matters at the county seat ; that is, as to the three places named, for that year.
The small increase in population, from 1880 to 1890, was due to the generally hard times which prevailed in that period, as also to the fact that progress in the development of the mining interests of the county was slow and uncertain. The big increase in the next decade was due to opposite conditions from those just mentioned, and also to the fact that the people paid off most of their mortgages and were in every way better off than they had been, which condition attracted the attention of persons in other States and drew a brisk immigration. But the chief factor in the increase of popula- tion was the tremendous activity in the mining regions. The prices of ore had gone up, new mines were being opened and men were needed in large numbers. The influx of mine workers brought others, and so there was a rapid, strong increase, proportionate to the requirements which brought them ; but not all of this in- crease could be counted as entering into the per- manent population of the county.
CHAPTER. VI.
EDUCATIONAL, RELIGIOUS AND FRATERNAL
The Public Schools — The Churches, Lodges and Benevolent Societies.
THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The spirit of public education is one of the chief characteristics of the people who live in Kansas. The soil of the land may be richer in some places than in others ; in matter of rainfall the "short grass" districts of the west- ern part of the State may not compare with the more favored eastern section ; but in matters pertaining to the education of their children the people maintain a uniformity of sentiment, and everywhere the same strong enthusiasm un- interruptedly prevails. Persons are sometimes heard complaining of public expenses of various kinds ; but there is one item concerning which a murmur is never .heard: The public school is absolutely immune ; it is not sub- jected to the ordeal of rigid investigation such as is often made into other matters of public concern. It is the pride of the people.
Cherokee County has 120 public schools, outside of the cities. There are 14 schools in the cities of the county, besides the County High School at Columbus. All told, there are 135 schools in the county, as shown by the county superintendent's report, for the school year 1903-04. These are distributed uniformly over the county, so that not a community within
its borders can be found without a school house, well furnished and under the charge of an in- dustrious, well qualified teacher.
Columbus has three school buildings and 13 teachers. O. C. Ecke is the superintendent. The teachers are : R. D. Jones, S. A. Mentzer, Clara Elliott, Plattie Colvin, Bessie Furness, Ruth Kenworthy, F. W. Peterson, Mabel At- kins, Etta Staton, Lizzie G. Adams, Gertrude Lacock and George E. Rogers. Formerly, the city maintained a High School whose graduates were admitted to the State University; but since the establishment of the County High School, the City High School was set aside.
Galena has five school buildings, and the School Board will soon complete a High School building, at a cost of $20,000, which, when completed, will be the second best building in the county, ranking next to the County High School at Columbus. J. A. Higdon is super- intendent of the Galena schools, and the fol- lowing are the teachers : F. H. Barbee, prin- cipal of the High School; Rebecca Hunter, Lu- cile Goodwin, Mattie Burkholder, Lucy Vest, Rhoda Bowers, Emma Shivel, Wilhelmina Scheulin, Clara Crosson, L. J. Pickering, Mar- guerite Miller, Victoria Bunch, Pearl Garrison, Jessie Ditson, Annetta Beals, Gertrude Ander-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
son, Flora Hubbard, Sarah Walkenshaw, Alma Carpenter, Eva Orr, Juliette Hunter, Elsie Watkins, Lena Bushorr and Laura Person.
Baxter Springs has one large school build- ing and eight teachers. T. B. Mosher is the superintendent, and the teachers are : Daisy Catlett, Cora Tyndall, Nellie Stewart, Pearl Masters, Nellie Williams, Mattie L. Moore and William Martin. The rapid growth of the city will make it necessary, within the coming two years, to provide larger facilities.
Weir City has two buildings and 17 teach- ers. George B. Deem is the superintendent, and the teachers are : Anna White, Mary Brown, Lizzie Beatty, Martha Bonnett, Anna Fanna, Delia French, Luella Gager, Maud Gager, Mamie Rodda, Arthur Clark, Sallie Robertson, Iva Haney, Minnie Anderson, Liz- zie Robson and W. P. Cowen.
Scammon has one large building and eight teachers. The principal of the last year was S. N. Montgomery, and the teachers were : M. J. Kane, Nellie Mitchell, Mary Williamson, Libbie Reno, Myrtle Hunsaker, Maggie Dunn and Lulu Newton.
Empire City has one building and five teachers. Clinton Wright is principal, and the teachers are: Lillian Balch, Eura Piper, Myr- tle Hickman and Pauline Reeves.
Mineral City has one building and six teachers. J. A. Knox is principal, and he is assisted by the following teachers : Emma Hunker, Ada Kenny, Nellie Gibbs, Pearl M. Wiggins and Lillian White.
The Cherokee County High School build- ing was erected at Columbus, in the year 1900, at a cost of about $18,000. The High School Board recently contracted for the erection of an addition which will cost, when finished and fur- nished, about $13,000. A manual training de-
partment will be added when the new building is ready.
The attendance at the County High School, the first year, was more than 200. For the school year 1903-04, the attendance was 260. The school has turned out 102 graduates and a good number of them have entered the State University, being admitted to the sophomore year. It is expected that the County High School, for the coming year, will have 350 students, almost all from Cherokee County. C. S. Bowman has been principal of the school since its founding, and he has been chosen by the board for the year 1904-05. The following are the other teachers : S. W. Black, M. L. Catlett, Catherine Denwith, Albert Mulliken, Ada Baker, Mr. Bordeau and Florence Adams. The arrangement with the Board is for Miss Adams to take charge of the manual training school. The board of directors of the school are : Birdie Adams, county superintendent, ex officio president ; Emerson Hull, secretary ; J. Shoman, Walter Merrick, D. C. Walker, David Mackie, Jr., and T. J. Vest. The members of the board are elected by the people, for a term of two years.
It is probable that no other county in the State of Kansas shows more enthusiasm in the support and maintenance of its high schools than in Cherokee County ; and, indeed, this may be said of the schools of the country districts, as is shown in the fact that for the school year 1903-04 the country schools had 6.062 pupils, an average of more than 53 pupils to the school. Some of the country schools have more than one teacher in each of them. Union District, No. 18, has two; Sherman District. No. 21, has two ; Coal Valley District, No. 59, has three ; Roseland District. No. 70, has two ; Hallowell District, No. 76, has two: Crestline District,
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No. 78, has two; Union District No. 91, has two; Melrose District, No. 96. has two; Stip- ville District, No. 102, has two; Stone City District, No. 105, has two.
The excellent standard of the public schools of Cherokee County is due, mainly, to the uni- formly strong interest which the people have taken in them, and to the watchful care of the school directors in the employment of teachers. As a rule, the moral and intellectual fitness of the teachers has been such as could not be called in question. Within recent years the teachers have beeen selected from among those educated in the county ; and among them there has been maintained a spirit of hearty co-operation which can come only from a feeling of high, common interest in a cause which affects every condition of society. For the closer guarding of this interest, and for the maintenance of an effective standard of mental and moral fitness for the work, the county provides a normal school, held during the month of June, each year, which every teacher in the county is re- quired to attend. In addition to this, and for the purpose of providing a sufficient number of teachers for the schools, a normal course is maintained in the County High School.
The uniformly good condition of the schools of the county is also largely due to the fact that, as a rule, the county superintendents have been of good selection. A superintendent is chosen at the general election, every two years, and the salary of the office is such as to lead well quali- fied persons to seek it. The first county super- intendent, elected in 1868, was D. R. Martin. Dr. Martin was one of the first settlers of the county. He was a physician, and lived in Lola township, where he died in 1902. T. S. Stock- slager was elected superintendent in 1870. J. A. Murray was elected in 1872. H. \V. San-
dusky was elected superintendent in 1874. He was a teacher, and a man of scholarly attain- ments. E. M. Mason was elected in 1876, and as county superintendent he was succeeded by J. H. Baxter, now a resident of Columbus and one of the leading physicians of the county. Dr. Baxter was elected superintendent in 1878. E. J. Leggett was elected superintendent in 1880. Sallie Hutsell, now Mrs. Sallie Hutsell Crane, was elected county superintendent in 1882, and again in 1884. She was the first woman that held the office, and the impress of her good work in the interest of public education has not ceased being felt in the county. M. F. Jarrett, then a prominent teacher in the county, was elected to the office in 1886, and again in 1888. He was thorough in his work, and dur- ing the four years of his service the condition of the schools throughout the county was con- stantly advanced. He is now living at Fort Scott, Kansas, and is one of the leading physi- cians of the State. In 1890 Anna Widman was chosen to discharge the duties of the office, and in 1892 she was re-elected. She put her best energies into the work, and at the end of her last term left the schools in increased favor among the people. E. O. Herod, then superin- tendent of the city schools of Galena, was elected superintendent in 1894. C. F. Cool was elected to the office in 1896, and again in 1898. In 1900 he was given a place on the faculty of the County High School, where he remained three years. In 1902, S. N. Montgomery, then superintendent of the city schools of Scammon, was elected county superintendent. He now has a position in the city schools of Los Angeles, California. Birdie Adams, who had been a prominent teacher in the county for many years, was elected superintendent in 1902. Under her management of the office the schools of the
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county have been improved, and she has done much toward bringing them to the high stand- ard which they have attained.
l
THE CHURCHES, LODGES AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES
Of Cherokee County are about such as may be found in any other part of the country where social conditions are the same. It is an age characterized by a tendency to join something. Few people now live apart from all social re- lationships. The scripture, "No man liveth to himself," is about literally fulfilled. Society is wonderfully "chopped up" in these days of hurry and feverish anxiety for reaching sup- posedly advantageous ends. Xever was there a time when the great, middle classes of the people were so intermingled, in a social way, and so tempered through business considera- tions. The social feature in all these interming- lings is merely incidental. It grows out of the business element, which has the controlling, directing influence. It is now rare for one to seek affiliation with a lodge or a society other than through the prompting of an ulterior mo- tive for gaining some material advantage. Business interests go a long way in matters of this kind : but whether this may be said in a commendatory way or not, is questionable. It is no doubt true that the merging of classes, whether through selfish or unselfish motives, tends to emphasize the sentiment of brother- hood, for it broadens the views of the individ- ual, and it enables him to note the measure of his influence among his fellows and thereby to determine his importance in the community where he lives. Anyhow, the tendency toward improved social conditions is manifest: it could scarcely be otherwise, for the moral fiber in
society yet prevails, and there are few, if any, indications that it will not continue so.
Presumably, in a chapter dealing with mat- ters of the kind now under consideration, the churches ought to have first mention, at least in a general way; for religion, professedly, has to do with thought of "the life that now is, and of that which is to come." But churches, lodges and societies, in the aspects which they all present to the unprejudiced observer, in these days of "the open door," have many things in common, and to some they "all look alike." It may not be said that there is less of spiritual-mindedness, nor that there is a want of positive power and influence for good ; but it cannot be denied that, with some persons of a certain mental type, membership in a church or in a society is held as equivalent to so much capital stock in trade.
The Methodist Episcopal Church, in its numerical strength, is the leading denomina- tion in Cherokee County, as well as in the whole State of Kansas. The influence which this denomination lent toward the movement for the emancipation of slavery in the United States, coupled with the political trend of pub- lic affairs since 1856, has led to a large gather- ing into its fold. In a state like Kansas it occu- pies practically every township, and it has a membership organization in every hamlet, vil- lage, town and city. Its oligarchial form of government, while not favorable to strict, re- publican principles, is found to be wonderfully efficient and generally satisfactory to the mem- bership. Its zeal for progress in numerical force never lags, while the spiritual impulse cannot be surpassed by any other denomina- tion. As has been noted elsewhere, the first Methodist Church organized in Cherokee Coun- ty was effected through the efforts of Dr. C. C.
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McDowell and a few others, at his house in Shawnee township, about the year 1867. There were 19 members in the original organization, some of whom are yet living. From this small beginning the denomination has grown so rap- idly that, at the present, it probably outnum- bers all other religious denominations in the county, taken as a whole. In every hamlet, village, town and city of the conuty it has the strongest organization, and every organization has its regular minister constantly in superin- tendence of its affairs. There are no vacan- cies, as under its form of government none can exist for more than the shortest time.
The other denominations, in the order of their numerical strength, are about as follows: Christian, Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist, Uni- ted Brethren, Seventh-Day Adventists, Epis- copalians, the Latter-Day Saints and the Qua- kers. Of each of these there are several church organizations in the county, some strong, others weak. All the denominations agree upon cer- tain cardinal or fundamental principles of re- ligion ; but they are kept separate in their orga- nizations and in their work mainly through dif- ference of belief as to forms of doctrine on rites and ceremonies and in views concerning eccle- siastical government. An old settler, recently speaking of the difference in views and prac- tices, between those of the present day and those of the pioneer times, said that much of the "old- time religion," felt and practiced by the people when the country was new, and when there was not so much strife for room and supremacy in denominational influence has died out and given place to the lifeless formalism character- istic of this lighter-minded age ; that the people now go more for display and curiosity, when there is to be an assembly for public worship. Materialism, he claims, has taken large hold
upon the minds and hearts of the people, due, it is perhaps safe to say, to the supposed pros- perity in worldly things that is now pointed out with so much pride. The church organi- zation is not now so reverentially regarded as formerly. Mental training has been pursued, too often to the neglect of the moral forces, and conviction does not rest so heavily upon the mind, as touching any particular religious obli- gation, for the widening of the intellectual range often prompts one to believe that he is able to "explain away" some of the teachings which formerly gave religious dogmas the force and terror of a supposed, immediate revelation. There is so much to detract the mind from the consideration of what are sometimes termed serious matters, and in the rush and hurry of our fresh, free and frightful civilization there is so little leisure and opportunity for giving attention to "weightier matters," that what might be called intentional neglect is due to the stress of the times in which we live. It is per- haps safe to say that the people, while appar- ently not so, are just as deeply religious as the generations which have gone on : the difference being that people now see things from a differ- ent view-point ; reading is more general and there is a wider and speedier exchange of thought upon any and all subjects of interest, mentally, morally and materially.
The work and influence which the religious denominations have done and exerted in Chero- kee County cannot be gainsaid ; and the import- ance of their work and influence, as now going on and yet to go on, cannot be set aside and treated as a matter of light concern : for while there remains a spiritual element in human nature, and there are doubts and questionings as to the purpose and destiny of our living, there will be some form of recognition of the
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relation which we sustain to the present life and to that which is yet to come.
The lodges or secret orders and institu- tions in Cherokee County are such as may be found elsewhere in the country. These may be divided into two classes. First, those which are designed exclusively for the exemplification of certain principles and virtues, the teachings of which are associated with events lying far back in the history of the world, and which have come down to us through the legendary lore of "ancient crafts," here and there leaving their "landmarks,*' recorded by the wayside of the historic path. The second class includes such lodges and orders as have their primary purpose in seeking out ways and means for maintaining a closer compact of mutual de- pendence, whereby, in case of the death of a member, the survivors will extend to the rela- tives of the deceased a kind of protection and support, in lieu of what the deceased would do, if yet living. This is broadly known as the practical principles of fraternity. These orders also have their social features which can scarce- ly be other than helpful, in many ways. They take the forms of amusement, afford opportuni- ties for pleasant, restful recreation, give relief from the tedium of life, broaden acquaintance and serve in many other ways to brighten what might otherwise be a gloomy, cheerless exist- ence.
Alasonry is perhaps the oldest institution known to what are called the enlightened peo- ples of the earth. In some form, and always preserving certain traditions and enforcing cer- tain virtues, it is known wherever the habita- tions of man have been pitched ; and in what- ever quarter of the globe it may be found, whether with the cultured and refined in the great cities of the world, or among those who
dwell in tents on the sands of the desert, its life-roots may be traced back through the mists of antiquity to events which gave it character and purpose and a growth which seems to know no decay. Wherever man has gone to make his home on the frontier and to gather to him the conditions of intelligent, social life, thus forming communities and States, the principles of the institution find formal expression and lodges are formed. So it was in Cherokee County.
The first Masonic lodge chartered in Chero- kee County was Baxter Springs Lodge, No. 71, chartered October 21, 186S. L. D. Brewster was the Master for the year 1903.
The second Masonic lodge chartered in the county was Prudence Lodge, Xo. 100, at Co- lumbus. October 19, 1S71. Elmer R. Pattyson was master for the year 1903.
Galena Lodge, Xo. 194, was the third lodge chartered in the county, February 17. 1881. William A, Stone was master last year.
Black Diamond Lodge. Xo. 274, was char- tered at Weir City. February 16, 1887. David B. White was master last year.
Scammon Lodge, Xo. 351, was chartered February 15, 1903. Ivan B. Grant was master for the year 1903.
There is a chapter of the Royal Arch Ma- sons at Columbus, one at Galena and one at Baxter Springs.
The Order of the Eastern Star, an auxiliary to the institution of Masonry, has a lodge at each of the five places in the county where there is a Masonic lodge. It will be seen that the Odd Fellows have 12 lodges in the county, while the Masons have but five.
As to the time of the organization or char- tering of the lodges of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in Cherokee County, I have no
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information at hand. The following lodges of the order, by numbers, are now in the county : Columbus, No, 387; Baxter Springs, No. 235; Galena, No. 195; Weir City, No. 183; Hallo- well, No. 205; Crestline, No. 476; Skidmore, No. 552; Scammon, No. 397; Melrose, No. 408; Empire City, No. 148; Sherwin Junction, No. 411. The Order of Rebekah, woman's auxiliary to the Odd Fellows order, has two lodges at Columbus, and one each at the other places in the county where there is an Odd Fel- lows' lodge.
The Improved Order of Red Men have a few lodges in the county; but the information at hand enables me to give no particulars. The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks has but one lodge in the comity, and that at Galena. It has members living in different parts of the county.
The Knights of Pythias have lodges in the county at the following places : Columbus, Ga- lena, Baxter Springs, Weir City, Scammon and Mineral City. Tancred Division, No. 3, Uni- form Rank of the Knights of Pythias, was or- ganized January 27, 1883. It w-as one of the best drilled divisions in the United States, and under the command of Capt. J. H. Abbott, now dead, it took first prize at a drill exhibit at New Orleans, a few years after the organization. It also took first prize at Louisville, Kentucky, Carthage, Missouri, and at Emporia, Kansas. The division has since discontinued its organi- zation. The Rathbone Sisters is the woman's auxiliary to the Knight of Pythias ; there are several lodges of the auxiliary in the county.
The Ancient Order of United Workmen is perhaps the oldest fraternal order in the coun- ty; and it has lodges as follows: Columbus,
Galena, Baxter Springs, Weir City, Scammon and Mineral City. The Degree of Honor is the woman's auxiliary to the A. O. U. W.
The Modern Woodmen of America and the Woodmen of the World have lodges at the principal places in the county, and they have grown to be numerically strong.
Some of the other fraternal orders in the county are : Knights and Ladies of Security, Sons and Daughters of Justice and the Frater- nal Aid. All of these orders or societies have done much good ; and the home of many a de- ceased member, with the comforts needed for the family, has been made cheerful, as far as might be, through the thoughtful providence of the deceased, while yet living.
Within recent years literary clubs, com- posed solely of women, have been organized all over the country, and they have done much, in many ways, for the mental and social im- provement of those who have entered them. Among these clubs we may mention the Shakespeare Club, the Home Culture Club and the Clio Club. These are all represented in Cherokee County. The general plan is to hold weekly meetings, through the fall, winter and spring months; and at these meetings a range of subjects is gone over, according to the liter- ary purpose of the club and a specially pre- pared program for the year. These clubs have a State federation, whose meetings are held annually; and there are certain district federa- tions which meet oftener. Literary clubs, such as are mentioned here, have organizations in Columbus, Galena, Baxter Springs, Weir City and Scammon. The Century Club has a strong organization at Galena, and the Sunshine Club is represented at several places.
CHAPTER. VII.
THE PHYSICIANS AND THE BENCH AND BAR OF CHEROKEE COVNTY
The Physicians of the County — The Courts — The Cherokee County Bar.
Wherever the habitations of men are pitched and communities are formed physicians, law- yers, teachers and ministers of religion enter into the make-up of the population as essential factors in the progress of the affairs of the people. Bodily infirmities, errors in conduct, ignorance in the fields of knowledge and thoughts and reflections on the spiritual import of the life which we now live, with the hopes and fears relating to the life which is to come, make places for, and give rise to, these classes of men.
the physicians of the county.
So long as there are diseases and ailments in the physical organism of man, physicians will be sought and remedies prescribed, sometimes even to the wasting of one's substance, and that without relief; sometimes to the regaining of strength, at the cost of a simple drug. The considerations of food, raiment and shelter, which chiefly employ the genius and industry of man, and which enter into and make up the commerce of the world, are not the only mat- ters upon which man bestows his attention ; for next following these is the consideration of the health of his bodilv frame.
In its early settling, Cherokee County, like all other new countries, had its course to run in the diseases among the people common where malarial conditions prevail. Chills, ague, inter- mittent and remittent fevers and the other forms of ailment which come from such condi- tions were generally prevalent. Then there were the extreme hardships through which the people had to pass and the deprivations which they underwent. Their houses were not com- fortable, their clothing was sometimes not such as it should have been and their food was often not the best adapted for giving strength and hardihood. These conditions opened the way for the physician, and he was earl)'' on the ground, and it was well that he was, if he was wise in his counsel and cautious and intelligent in his practice. However, as a rule, the best physicians are not the first to go upon the frontier or into new settlements. Usually they are young men seeking an opening for the prac- tice of that which they have recently learned in the schools, or older ones who have not suc- ceeded in the earlier settled portions of the country, and are looking for places where they may begin anew in their more or less experi- mental operations.
Dr. C. C. McDowell, the father of S. O.
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McDowell and J. F. McDowell, was one of the very first physicians that settled in Chero- kee County. He came to Shawnee township in 1866 and took a claim just north of the present site of Crestline, where he lived the remaining part of his life, and where he attended to the practice of his profession. He was an ardent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was an ordained preacher of the denomination.
Dr. Patty, father-in-law of Judge John N. Ritter, settled at Lowell in 1867 and practiced medicine there for several years. He after- wards lived on a farm, and later moved to Columbus and still later to Wichita, where he died about the year 1898.
Dr. Warrington settled in Shawnee town- ship in 1867; but of the extent of his practice, or as to what became of him, there is little information.
Dr. D. R. Martin, who became widely known over Cherokee County, settled at Hallo- well, in Lola township, in 1866. He was elected county superintendent of schools very early in the history of the county. He had a general practice, which he continued for many years, dying at his home at Hallowell about the year 1902.
Doctors O'Connor, Street and Stewart all settled at Baxter Springs in 1867. Dr. Stewart was from Mississippi. He was once a candidate on the Republican ticket for the office of county superintendent of schools, but was defeated.
Dr. C. W. Hoag, now living at Weir City, and practicing his profession there, came to Cherokee County in 1871. He settled first at Coalfield, a small station on the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad, and he was the company's agent there for a while. In 1877, when Hugh Lincoln, justice of the peace for Cherokee township, died. Dr. Hoag was ap-
pointed to succeed him, by Governor George T. Anthony.
Dr. E. A. Scammon, now living in Colum- bus, came to Cherokee County in 1869. He had but recently graduated from Ann Arbor, and was seeking a location for the practice of his profession. He soon afterward became in- terested in coal lands, and he, with his brothers, S. F. Scammon and E. C. Scammon, opened the first coal mine in Kansas, south of the Leaven- worth district. This was near where the city of Scammon now stands. Dr. Scammon did not continue long in the practice of medicine. He sold his interests in the coal mines and went into the drug business in Columbus. He con- tinued in this business until 1902, when he re- tired from business.
Dr. J. H. Baxter came to Cherokee County in 1875. He is a native of Indiana, and is a graduate from Bellevue Medical School, of New York. Dr. Baxter, for some time after he came to Cherokee County and settled in Columbus, was the only medical graduate in the practice of medicine at this place. He has had an exten- sive practice, but more recently he has discon- tinued attending calls, except where he is called in consultation with other physicians. He does almost an exclusive office business, which takes about all his time.
As in any other profession, physicians come and go. Time sifts out the earlier ones, and their places are taken by others. Thus has it been in Cherokee County. Nearly all the first physicians that settled in the county are now gone. Here and there one may be found who was here in the early days, when the country was sparsely settled and the practice was but lightly remunerative. Dr. Scammon, in point of residence, is perhaps the oldest physician in the county. Dr. Hoag, of Weir City, is per-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
haps the next, with Dr. J. P. Scoles, of Galena, following. The last named has lived contin- uously at Galena since 1877, or the year of the "discovery" of lead and zinc at that place. But I have omitted to say that Dr. Baxter came to the county before Dr. Scoles came.
From conversation with the older physi- cians of the county some information is gath- ered concerning the particular diseases common among the people during the pioneer period. Like all other new sections, Cherokee County had its time with malarial fever, ague, chills and other maladies and ailments growing out of the peculiar climatic and local conditions. It is said that these were particularly stubborn, no doubt largely due to the circumstances of the people. Everything tended to give the odds against the settlers and in favor of the malady. Exposure to heat in the warmer seasons and to cold during the rigorous winters, and living in houses not the most suitably prepared for domi- cile and upon food not of a wide variety and wholesome quality ; all these made up conditions not advantageous to the physical well being of the people. There was, however, a remarkable freedom from pneumonia and typhoid, and diphtheria and scarletina were practically un- known. Malaria was the chief dread, with rheumatism the next to be feared. There were no epidemics, and there never have been, except that smallpox, in a very light form, has three times run over the country. The physicians re- gard the climatic conditions of Cherokee County as now being exceedingly favorable to health, and these, with the improved general conditions and a wider knowledge of the laws of health, are taken into the account in explain- ing why people live so long here and so enjoy life. In the city of Columbus, with a popula- tion of fewer than three thousand people, there
are more than fifty persons over the age of seventy, and several of these are over the age of eighty.
The following is a list of the physicians now living in Cherokee County, according to infor- mation furnished me by Dr. D. Winter, the county health officer :
Baxter Springs, — C. M. Jones, R. B. En- glish and R. C. Wear. Columbus, — E. A. Scammon, J. H. Baxter, W. N. Johnson, C. S. Huffman, P. J. Hendrickson, J. Dale Gra- ham, J. S. Xewton, Mary Kraft, J. W. Janes and D. Winter. Galena, — J. P. Scoles, John Allen, H. A. Brown, Clem H. Jones, E. B. Payne, W. Sam Jones, R. C. Lowdermilk, William Jones, E. L. Higginbotham, W. R. Hart, Margaret Hart, Fred C. Northrup, H. R. Savage, W. A. Walker and Dr. Von Mueller. Scammon, — A. H. Revell, H. H. Brookhart and R. M. Markham. Weir City, — C. W. Hoag. J. H. Boss, J. R. Adams, George B. McClelland and Dr. Crum. Mineral City, — J. H. Greene, J. W. Steever and L. L. Souders. East Mineral, — C. L. Russell, R. S. Mahan and George P. Bell. Empire City,— F. R. McGinnis. Mel- rose,— G. W. Walker. Sherwin Junction. — O. L. Young. Crestline, — J. L. Griswold. Hallowell— W. A. Ward and Frank L. Ball.
THE COURTS.
The Eleventh Judicial District of the State of Kansas was formerly the Sixth Judicial Dis- trict. It comprised Cherokee, Crawford, Bour- bon and Linn counties. At a time of which I have no certain knowledge the counties of Cherokee. Labette and Montgomery were made to comprise the Eleventh District. In 1901 Cherokee County of itself became the Eleventh District, Labette and Montgomery counties be-
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ing made the Fourteenth judicial District. The necessity for the change grew out of the in- crease of population in this county. Here it was found that the litigation of this county alone was enough to take up the time of four terms of court of two months each, which is enough work for any judge.
The first term of the District Court of Cherokee County was held in the house of William Little, at Pleasant View, the county seat, beginning May 4, 1867. The term cov- ered three days. The case of the State of Kan- sas against Jefferson Davis, for grand larceny, was the first case tried. Davis was convicted. The records of this term of court can not be found ; but William Little, at whose house the court was held, and who was then county clerk, elected at the preceding November election, was appointed to keep the records of the term. F. M. Logan had been elected recorder of deeds and district clerk, at the election last referred to; but there is nothing to show for which of the offices he qualified. Mr. Little, who now lives in Columbus, says that he him- self was clerk of this term of the District Court. Mr. Little says that the records of the court proceedings at that time were kept on scrolls, and not in bound books, the court officers not then being provided with bound books. I have made search for the scrolls, but they can not be found. In Trial Docket A, en the page next preceding that numbered "1," there is a pencil entrance, as follows: "No. 1. The State against Jefferson Davis — Grand Larceny." Case No. 2 has the same title. On the first regularly numbered page on the docket the numbers of the c~ses begin with No. 1, a civil case, in which Fletcher J. R. Williams is the plaintiff, against Martin J. Mann, defendant. Vcss & Brother and W. M. Matheny were the
attorneys for the plaintiff; the docket does not show that the defendant had any attorney. There is nothing to show where the term was held. In the chapter of 'this history, relating to the organization of the county, mention is made of the records of the proceedings of the county commissioners, at their July, 1867, ses- sion; at that time they allowed the account of J. A. Smith, county attorney, $75, for the pros- ecution of Jefferson Davis. William Matheny was allowed $25 for assisting the county attor- ney in the case. These accounts, being allowed by the commissioners, at their July, 1867, ses- sion, show that the prosecution of Jefferson Davis took place at a prior time. The first term of the District Court must have been held at Pleasant View, as told by William Little, for it was not until in .April, 1868, that the county seat was moved to Baxter Springs ; but if the Pleasant View term was held including three consecutive days, beginning May 4, 1867, as he says it was, the court must have done busi- ness on the Sabbath Day, for the 5th of May, 1S67, came on Sunday. However, this does not affect the record of the proceedings of the county commissioners, at whose session, in July,
1867, was allowed the account for the prosecu- tion of Jefferson Davis, at the last term of court.
D. P. Lowe was the first judge of the Dis- trict Court of Cherokee County. He lived at Mound City, Linn County. He presided at the opening of the first term of the District Court held at Baxter Springs, beginning May 4,
1868. Lane Williams was the district clerk; but he was not present. William Little, his deputy, kept the records. William G. Seright was the sheriff, and James A. Smith was the o imity attorney. The last act that Judge Lowe did, as judge of the Cherokee County District
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Court, was to sign a journal entry, on page 79 of Journal A, awarding a judgment for $42 and costs in favor of Joseph Kitt, plaintiff, against Charles Westcott, defendant, and then to make the order, "that this court adjourn sine die." This was on October 8, 1869. Fol- lowing that, and before another term of the District Court of Cherokee County was held, the county was put into the Eleventh Judicial District.
When the Eleventh Judicial District was formed, William C. Webb was appointed by the Governor as the judge of the district. On April n, 1870, as shown on page 83 of Journal A, the first day of the first term, the court was opened. There were present : William C. Webb, District judge; J. S. Vincent, sheriff; J. H. Ludlow, under sheriff; W. B. Shockly, clerk; T. P. Anderson, deputy clerk; and John N. Ritter, county attorney. Judge William C. Webb presided at that term of court ; but when the October term of that year came, October 3rd, the first day of the term, the Cherokee County Bar requested Judge Webb to adjourn the court to the 12th day of December. It seems that the order he made, adjourning the court "until Monday, December 12, 1870, at 10 o'clock, A. M.," was the last order he made as judge of the court, for when the court opened, December 12, 1870. Henry G. Webb was the judge.
Judge Henry G. Webb served as judge of the Eleventh Judicial District about two years, when he resigned. B. W. Perkins was ap- pointed to fill the unexpired term, and in 1874 he was elected, and again in 1878. He served two years under appointment and eight years under election. Judge Perkins was then elected to Congress, where he continued eight years. He was a man of high honor and strict integ-
rity, and his superior ability was generally rec- ognized. He was later appointed to the United States Senate, from Kansas, to take the place made vacant by the death of Senator Plumb.
George Chandler, of Independence, Mont- gomery County, was elected to the bench of the Eleventh Judicial District at the November election in 1882, and again in 1886. In the spring or summer of 1889 President Harrison appointed Judge Chandler Assistant Secretary of the Deparment of the Interior ; and upon his accepting the appointment, there was a vacancy in the judgeship of the district. Lyman U. Humphrey, then Governor, appointed John N. Ritter, of Columbus, to fill the unexpired term. Judge Ritter was a candidate for election at the November election. 1890, but he was defeated, and J. D. McCue was elected to the bench. Judge McCue was a candidate for re-election, in 1894, but the election was in favor of A. H. Skidmore, of Columbus. Judge Skidmore was reelected in 1898, and he served until January, 1903, when Judge W. B. Glasse, who had been elected at the previous November election, be- came judge of the district.
Judge Lowe, after he had served several years as district judge, was elected to Con- gress. He moved from Mound City to Fort Scott, and died there some years ago.
Judge William C. Webb, after leaving the bench, engaged in the practice of the law in Topeka, and later he compiled and published the laws of the State of Kansas. He was for a time the clerk of the Supreme Court. He died at Topeka about five years ago.
Judge Henry C. Webb, who is a brother of William C. Webb, lives now at Parsons, Kan- sas. When he resigned the judgeship of the Eleventh District, he engaged in the practice of the law, at Oswego, Labette County, where
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lie was regarded one of the ablest of his profes- sion. He possessed a wonderfully strong, ana- lytical mind and a striking personality. He had the native endowments for great achieve- ment, had it not been for a certain immobility which held him from the activities necessary for the accomplishment of things beyond the ordinary.
I have spoken of Judge Perkins ; but it may be added here, that while in Congress he was one of the four chief leaders of the House ; and it may be said to his credit that, while he was in a position for eight years where he had, no doubt, many great opportunities for financial gain, he came home, at the end of the time, without any means and not long afterward died a poor man.
Judge Chandler, after serving his term as Assistant Secretary of the Department of the Interior, remained in Washington, where he now lives, and where he practices his profes- sion.
Judge Ritter was a banker besides being a lawyer. He came to Cherokee County a young teacher, but he had graduated from the law school of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. After teaching one or two terms, at Lowell, he removed to Columbus about the time the county seat was moved thither from Eaxter Springs. He was for two terms the county attorney, and after that he had a lucra- tive practice. He was the senior member of the banking firm of Ritter & Doubleday, and was a prosperous man until 1893, when the bank failed, on account of the panic of that year. With this misfortune others came, and these, with declining health hastened his death, which took place in January, 1897.
Judge McCue resumed the practice of the
law, after his term on the bench ; but in some way he lost his property at Independence, Montgomery County, and he then moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where he now lives. Judge McCue was one of the readiest lawyers that ever occupied the bench of the Eleventh District.
Elsewhere in this volume mention is made of Judge Skidmore and of Judge Glasse, both of whom are widely known, not only in the Eleventh Judicial District, but throughout the State.
It may be said that the men who have occu- pied the bench of the Eleventh Judicial District have been chosen from among the best lawyers within its limits, and that in the disposition of the causes which have come before them for adjudication they have followed a course of fairness and impartiality toward every one con- cerned therein. Possessing a clear understand- ing of the law, and feeling the responsibility of dealing out equal and exact justice in all their official acts, they have, with few excep- tions, been free from any damaging criticism among the people. They have had many seri- riously grave and important matters to pass under their judicial notice, requiring the most careful consideration of the intricate details of varying propositions of law and of fact ; but in all these they have acquitted themselves as men of capability and fixed integrity.
THE CHEROKEE COUNTY BAR.
In the early settling of Cherokee County there were a few lawyers, who came, as other classes, seeking openings for business. The first of these settled at Baxter Springs. Among the very first was James A. Smith, the first
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
county attorney. John E. Tutton, president of the Columbus State Bank, lived at Baxter Springs and knew Mr. Smith, who. on account of his height, was sometimes called "Long Jim." At the time of the Graham raid, which is spoken of in the chapter concerning Baxter Springs, Mr. Smith, it is said, took such a fright that he walked out of town, across the broad prairies, and never returned. I have been told that he now lives at Girard, Crawford County.
The early trial dockets show the names of W. H. Hornor, W. M. Matheny, J. T. Voss, M. F. Edgington, William C. Webb, Henry T. Sumner, William Teal, John N. Ritter, Mc- Keighan & Waterman, Blair & Martin, Amos San ford, Henry G. Webb, W. P. Lamb, J. W. Davis, Addison Rucker, Thomas Rucker, J. R. Hallowell, Bishop & Perkins, R. J. Hill, M. V. B. Bennett, Danford & McComas, M. V. Voss, L. J. Webb, Brown, Case & Wright, J. R. Ed- wards, McCue, Bettis & Kelso. Many of these attorneys came from other counties, to attend court here, where they often had cases for trial. Hornor, Matheny, the Voss brothers, Ritter, McKeighan, Sanford, Hallowell and the Rucker brothers, and also James A. Smith, were resident lawyers. Later came T. P. An- derson, C. O. Stockslager, W. R. Cowley and W. H. Whiteman, whose names appear fre- quently on the trial dockets, following the year 1872. T. P. Anderson was associated with John N. Ritter, under the firm name of Ritter & Anderson, and they were often in court. Mr. Ritter had been county attorney ; and after that he was much sought by those entering litiga- tion. E. A. Perry and C. W. Blair, of Fort Scott, were often in the court of Cherokee County. General Blair, who was for a long
time an attorney for the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad Company, is kindly re- membered by every Cherokee County lawyer that ever had anything to do with him. The same may be said of many other lawyers who lived in other counties and frequently practiced in this court. The firm name of Webb & Glasse appears on the trial docket along in the years after 1875. Afterward A. H. Skidmore, D. M. McKenney and J. D. Lewis come on. C.
D. Ashley's name appears in 1882, and J. P. Perkins, E. M. Tracewell. R. M. Cheshire, W. J. Moore. William F. Sapp, John Wiswell and
E. E. Sapp all had cases in court following the year 1883.
The following are the members of the Cher- okee County Bar at this time : C. D. Ashley, N. T. Allison, R. W. Blue, James Bulger, R. M. Cheshire, W. R. Cowley, E. H. Cullison, Guy Cooter, A. S. Dennison. J. N. Dunbar, R. W. Emerson, H. C. Finch, W. B. Glasse, Jesse Forkner, H. A. Forkner, Ira Heaton, J. H. Hamilton, W. H. Lucas, A. L. Major, A. Mac- donald, C. S. Macdonald, C. A. McNeill, E. V. McNeill, W. H. Millstead. W. J. Moore, W. S. Norton, William F. Sapp. Edward E. Sapp, A. E. Schreiner, A. H. Skidmore, C. B. Skid- more, Samuel H. Smith, Will E. Spiva, Charles Stephens, J. R. Strother, E. M. Tracewell, S. L. Walker, F. A. Walker, George W. Wheat- ley, L. H. Winter, George H. Wilson, A. S. Wilson. S. C. Westcott, Al. F. Williams and John Wiswell. The following are now prac- ticing as firms : Blue & Bulger. Sapp (William F.) & Wilson (A. S.), the two Macdonalds, the two McNeills, Skidmore & Walker, Trace- well & Moore and Wiswell & Lucas. Ashley, Allison, Blue, Bulger, Cheshire, Cowley, Coo- ter, Dennison, Dunbar, Glasse, the two Fork-
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ners, Heaton, Hamilton, Lucas, the two Mc- Neills, Moore, Norton, A. H. Skidmore, Ste- phens, Tracewell, S. L. Walker, George H. Wil- son, Williams and Wiswell live at Columbus. Cullison, Major, Finch, the two Macdonalds, the two Sapps, Spiva, Strother, Wheatley,
Winter, A. S. Wilson and Westcott live at Galena. Emerson, Millstead and F. A. Walker live at Weir City. Samuel H. Smith lives at Baxter Springs, and C. B. Skidmore lives at West Mineral.
CHAPTER VIII.
THE NEWSPAPERS OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
The newspapers of Cherokee County have done much in developing its material resources and in advancing the interests of the people in nearly every other way. There may have been exceptions to this general proposition, and there may now be exceptions to it ; but for the most part newspaper owners and newspaper editors who have come within the borders of the county and have cast their lots among the people, have devoted their energies to the general good, pa- tiently and without stint. Not many of them have reaped rich, material harvests; most of them have had a struggle, sometimes for the reason that the exactions of the public are often greater than its willingness to return a cheer- ful, material compensation ; sometimes for the reason that, without proper fitness for the work, men have undertaken the business, only to en- dure for a while and then quietly go away.
The first newspaper published in Cherokee County -was the Baxter Springs Herald, the first issue of which was in October, 1867. It was owned and edited by B. R. and N. J. Evans. Baxter Springs was then a mere frontier camp, the home of some good, steady, reliable people, largely outnumbered by a floating class who drifted from place to place as their shifting fortunes opened the way. The paper had but a meager support, never strong, but constantly doubtful ; and before its first volume was rounded out the project was quietly abandoned.
The second paper established in the county was the Cherokee Sentinel, also at Baxter Springs, in October, 1868, by M. \Y. Coulter and D. C. Holbrook. Some time in the spring of 1869, W. E. C. Lyons bought an interest in it. In December of that year Mr. Holbrook sold his interest to the other members of the firm. It was then conducted by them. Mr. Ly- ons being the editor and Mr. Coulter the busi- ness manager. I have not been able to get in- formation as to how long this paper was con- tinued ; before me lies a copy of the issue of Saturday, April 9, 1870. This number shows that some changes had taken place other than those I have mentioned. Lyons and Coulter are the proprietors, and W. E. C. Lyons is the editor. That was before Baxter Springs had a railroad ; but the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf road was just then being finished to the place. The following reading matter and ad- vertisements are taken from this issue :
Work has begun on the freight depot, and it will soon be ready for business. The passenger depot will soon be commenced.
The District Court meets next Monday at Co- lumbus. Judge Webb will preside. We understand that the attorneys have agreed to move the post- ponement of all business until some time in June.
W. M. Matheny, Attorney-at-Law, Land and Pension Agent, Baxter Springs, Kansas. Will pay especial attention to the collection of claims of all kinds.
C. M. Waterman, Attorney-at-Law, and Notary Public.
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McKeighan & Hornor, Attorneys at Law. Will practice in this and adjoining counties, in this State, and in the counties of Southwestern Missouri.
Other lawyers whose advertisements ap- pear in the paper are A. W. Rucker, T. A. Rucker, Amos Sanford and T. F. Dewees.
According to a time table, it is noted that the Kansas Stage Company, Southern and Overland Mail, sent out a coach, for Wirtonia, Pleasant View, Neutral City, LaReville, Ar- cadia, Fort Scott, Kansas City and Pleasant Hill, daily, (Monday excepted), at 6 a. m. And for Fort Gibson and the South, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, at 6 a. m. J. M. Terry was the superintendent, with office oppo- site the Wiggins house.
The following local item will be read by those who recall the events of the early days :
The thanks of the editors of this paper are due to the members of Co. A, 6th U. S. Infantry, for a complimentary ticket to the grand ball to be given by them at their camp near Columbus, on the even- ing of April 13. We hope they will have a jolly good time.
And this will be of interest to the people of Columbus then and yet living:
The first passenger train of the Gulf road to Columbus is to be there by next Sunday night. All hail for Columbus! That young town has been growing rapidly for some time, and lately a number of very intelligent and influential men have located there. Col. Hallowell, L. J. Webb, Capt. T. P. An- derson and some others are there, and they will do wonders in building up the place. Their influence will destroy the poisonous effects of the leaders of the infamous League, who cared more for office than for the good of the people.
A. T. Lea, who now lives in Columbus, started the publication of the Republican, at
6
Baxter Springs, October 1, 1872. He contin- ued the publication until February, 1877, when he sold the paper to A. J. R. Smith. Mr. Smith continued the publication until February, 1888, when it ceased.
The Columbus Independent was started at Columbus, September 1, 1870, by A. T. and W. J. Lea. After continuing the paper for two years, the Lea brothers sold it to A. W. Mc- Gill, who moved the paper to Oswego, Labette County, in September, 1872. It is now one of the leading papers of Labette County.
The Galena Miner was established at Galena by A. T. Lea and S. O. McDowell, in April, 1877. In 1880 they sold it to a Mr. Stebbins, ivho discontinued it after one year.
The Columbus Advocate was established by A. T. Lea and E. A. Crewson, May 5, 1882. On the first of August of the same year, Mr. Crewson sold his interest to J. M. Roach ; and on January 1, 1883, Mr. Roach sold his inter- est to Mr. Lea. In July, 1889, Mr. Lea made his son, Asa Lea, a partner with himself in the business. This partnership continued until 1894. when Mr. Lea, the elder, sold his interest to J. M. McNay, who came to Columbus from Phillipsburg, Kansas. In 1896 Mr. McNay bought out Asa Lea's interest in the paper, and for five years he conducted the business with such care and under such methods as made it very profitable. He then sold the paper, and in selling it he secured a price which justified the disposal of the property.
The Columbus Courier was started Septem- ber 29, 1874, by J. F. McDowell. The paper was independent in politics and devoted to re- form. In March, 1876, the paper was sold to S. O. McDowell, and in February, 1877, it was consolidated with the Republican, and under the ownership and management of McDowell &
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Lea it continued until February, 1879, as the Republican-Courier. Mr. McDowell then bought out his partner's interest, and changed the name back to the Columbus Courier.
The Border Star was established in the fall of 1881, by R. T. Ballard; but after about two months it passed into the hands of H. C. Jones and L. E. Albright. In 1882 Mr. Jones be- came the sole owner. Some time after that, the paper was consolidated with the Columbus Courier, when the new periodical was known as the Columbus Star-Courier. There is no in- formation at hand as to the changes of owner- ship, for the time from March, 1882, to Feb- ruary, 1888, when James Wilson sold the paper to J. H. Clawson and W. P. Eddy. In October, 1888, Mr. Clawson sold his interest to N. T. Allison. The paper was owned and edited by Allison & Eddy until January 7, 1895, when N. T. Allison sold his interest to J. N. Cook, and shortly after that time Mr. Eddy sold his interest to W. S. Norton. Afterwards Mr. Norton bought Mr. Cook's interest, and the paper was edited by S. O. McDowell, who came back into newspaper work, after being several several years engaged in other matters. When Mr. McDowell took editorial charge of the paper, he changed the name back to the Columbus Courier. L. M. Dillman was the business manager of the paper during Mr. McDowell's connection with it as editor. About the year 1898 the editorship and management of the paper passed to Richart & Cavaness. They continued the publication until October, 1902. At that time the ownership of the paper was combined with that of the Columbits Advo- cate, and the issue of the paper was discon- tinued.
In October, 1869, at the time the contro- versy between the settlers and James F. Joy
was chiefly engaging the attention of the people, The Neutral Land Printing Company began the publication of the Workingman's Journal, having Amos Sanford as its editor. C. D. Nichols and J. F. McDowell bought the paper early in the year 1872; and in July of that year Mr. Nichols sold his interest to Will- iam Higgins. The firm was then known as Higgins & Company. The paper was well sup- ported by the anti-Joy classes, until the contro- versy died out. It was then discontinued.
The most largely circulated paper ever pub- lished in Cherokee County was the Reporter, published by Caldwell & Company, and edited by C. D. Nichols. It was devoted largely to efforts for inducing immigration. At one time it had a circulation of five thousand. It was started in 1882 ; but as to the time of its discon- tinuation there is no information.
There are two newspapers at Weir City : the Tribune and the Journal. The Tribune was established in 1883 by J. F. McDowell, who established about as many newspapers in the State of Kansas as any other man could possi- bly do. Not all of the files have been kept ; and, on this account, the early changes of ownership and in the editorial management can not now be ascertained. I believe that the paper was in the management of A. L. Hayden back in the early "nineties," if not earlier. Then Horace Hayden, for a time, was editor and publisher. T. E. Haines has been editor and publisher since 1898, except one year, when John W. Kirk had charge of the paper. The Journal was established in 1888 by John McKillop. He sold it to a Mr. Robinson. After an uncertain existence, for a time, he sold the paper to a Mrs. Rudisill, who managed the paper well for some years, when Colonel Campbell bought it and had its management for two or three vears.
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Then Jarbo & Hill ran it for a while. Phil. Moore, formerly of Pittsburg, Kansas, is now the editor and proprietor. The paper is better manage 1 now than it was before Mr. Moore took charge of it.
At Scammon there are two newspapers: the Journal and the Miner. The Journal was established in August, 1903, by L. M. Dillman. Mr. Dillman has probably worked at the news- paper business longer than any other man in Cherokee County. He was with Columbus papers for many years, first as a printer; then as foreman, and lastly as business manager. He afterwards went to Empire City, where he was the owner and editor of the Empire City Journal, and he was also the postmaster of the city for several years. In 1904, when the min- ing interests of the place fell off a good deal, he moved his printing office to Scammon, be- ginning the publication of the Journal as a new paper. The files of the paper while published at Empire City have not been kept. The Scam- mon Miner was established in 1889. It went through various ownerships which can not be given here; but Phil. L. Keener has been the editor and proprietor nearly all the time. He has done well with it.
The Modern Light was established at Co- lumbus in 1891. It is now in its 14th year. Clavvson & Albin were the first owners. Mr. Albin died not long after the paper was estab- lished, and not long following this, Mr. Claw- son sold the paper to M. A. Housholder and J. W. Wallace. It had many hard experiences, and its chances for existence were often in the balance. It did not represent much property value, and the support which was given it was not at all encouraging. Often it was poorly edited, while the impression of its mechanical appearance was anything else but favorable.
It finally "went to the wall," and was sold to N. T. Allison for $500. The next day he sold it to C. E. Dedrick for $750. The scale of its fortune then turned. Mr. Dedrick, who came to Columbus from Nebraska, was an experi- enced printer and a good business manager. The paper took on a better editorial tone, also, and its appearance was neater and more at- tractive. Additions were made to the printing material and to the machinery, and the value of the plant was much set forward. This was about the year 1895. September 1, 1897, Mr. Dedrick sold a half interest to W. B. Lowry. who was formerly a telegraph operator, and later the head clerk in a large dry goods house in Columbus. Mr. Lowry, when he became half owner of the Modern Light, made a house to house canvass through the rural districts and in the towns of Cherokee County, thereby greatly increasing the circulation of the paper. September 1, 1899, he bought the other half interest in the paper, then becoming the sole owner. By this time the value of the property had become greater, and its net earnings were very encouraging. In 1900 he bought a lot and put up a two-story office building on the north- west outer corner of the public square, at a cost of $3,000. Since then an addition has been made, at a cost of $500. The property, includ- ing the realty and the newspaper plant, is now worth $6,000. The paper now has a circulation of 2.800, of which there are 2,600 paid-up sub- scribers. Mr. Lowry owns a neat, comfortable home in the northwest part of the city, and he is out of debt, which shows that the newspaper business, usually considered hazardous in what are called country towns, is not always so.
The Cherokee County Republican was es- tablished at Baxter Springs in 1894. For a time it was under the ownership and manage-
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ment of F. N. Newhouse and J. M. Newhouse, editor and publisher, respectively. W. S. Bax- ter, the present postmaster of Baxter Springs, is now the editor and proprietor.
The Baxter Springs Neu-s was established in 1881 by Captain Rowley, with M. H. Gard- ner as foreman. Mr. Gardner afterwards be- came owner of the paper, and some years after- ward he sold a half interest to Charles L. Smith. About the year 1897 Mr. Smith became sole owner, and Mr. Gardner moved to Joplin, Missouri, where he now lives. The News is one of the best edited papers in the county, and it has a liberal support.
The Galena Times was established in 1889 by C. T. Dana, who, after conducting the busi- ness for several years, sold it to E. E. Stevens. Mr. Stevens had other lines of business, and he finally disposed of the newspaper, selling it to J. N. Cook. The paper was then issued daily and weekly. Mr. Cook sold it to Riley F. Rob- ertson, and during Mr. Robertson's ownership of the paper W. L. Burk was the editor. The weekly edition was discontinued, as the circula- tion of the paper was then mostly confined to the city. The paper is now owned and man- aged by B. L. Strother & Son, and it is perhaps now more profitable than for several years next preceding the present. Strother & Son are from Abilene, Kansas, where they were many years in the newspaper business.
The Short Creek Republican, afterward changed to the Galena Republican, was estab- lished in the fall of 1880, by L. C. Weldy and A. W. McDowell. The paper was both a daily and a weekly. Mr. McDowell remained with the paper but a short time, when he sold his interest to J. J. Chatham. I do not know how long Mr. Chatham remained with the paper; but from what can be learned Mr. Weldy be-
came the sole owner not long after its estab- lishment; and he continued as editor and pro- prietor until the time of his death, January 24, 1904. The property now belongs to Riley F. Robertson, and the paper is edited and pub- lished by Robertson & Son. It is now issued weekly, and a special effort is being made to gain a good circulation in the rural districts of the county. For several years before Mr. YVeldy's death, he was the oil inspector for the State, and, giving much attention to this office, he neglected his newspaper and let the subscription list run down until there were but a few hundred bona fide subscribers. The sub- scription list is now over one thousand.
The last paper established in Cherokee County is the Mineral Cities Times, at West Mineral, published by W. B. Lowry, of Colum- bus, and edited by Nora Evans. The first issue was on June 9, 1904. The paper has a good local support, of which it is highly deserving.
Two of the best known editors, among those who have owned and managed newspapers in Cherokee County, are S. O. McDowell and L. C. Weldy. Both were early identified with the work in the county, and they had a wide ac- quaintance over the State in political circles. Each impressed his personality on his work as an editor, and each sought to mold sentiment, rather than to be led by it. Neither was schol- arly in expression nor profound in thought ; but their editorials were always read with inter- est, even by those who did not agree with them in their political views. There was a nervous boldness in Mr. McDowell's articles which, while it may not have carried the reader by irresistible force, was always such as to con- vince one of the writer's candor and sincerity. While he may not have always been able to give a clear, comprehensive analysis of the grounds of
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his political affiliations, there could be no doubt that he felt himself right in the advocacy of his party's principles. Mr. Weldy's method of reasoning, in the support of his party, was more of the suggestive order ; but that which chiefly made his writing interesting was a natural vein of facetiousness which he often turned into what he said. He could not help it, even had he tried, for it was a deep-seated part of his life, and without it he was unnatural, insipid and cheerless, and what he wrote or attempted to write, outside of his real impulse, was always without the stamp of his originality, and to that extent uninteresting. What he lacked in effectiveness, through want of broad acquire- ments, he made up through the employment of his natural gifts. His arguments could scarce- ly ever be considered convincing, for he was neither deep nor logical ; but his pleasing humor and his freedom from irritibility, in dealing with those whom he opposed, always enabled him so to spice what he wrote as to give it a relish to those who read it. Whether from a deep, well-grounded conviction or not, he was bold and uncompromising in the advocacy of his views, but not in such a way as to engender bitter and lasting enmity on the part of those who did not agree with him.
The best paragraph writer among the news- paper men of Cherokee County is L. M. Dill- man, of the Scainnwn Journal. But for his undue caution and a certain natural, mental immobility, he would attain a comfortable rank among country newspaper writers.
Willard M. Richart, for a time the editor of the Columbus Courier, was, while in that position, the most widely read newspaper writer in the county, and, in some respects, the ablest. His articles indicated a wider range of knowl- edge than those of other writers in the county,
and throughout there was a literary quality which made them pleasing to all classes of readers. For a young man, who had next to none of the advantages which one ought to have in early life, in the matter of gaining a mental preparation for such work, Mr. Richart was al- most a prodigy ; and had he continued in news- paper work with some one or some company to look after the business interests, so that he might be free to devote his attention exclusively to the following of his choice, he would have become widely known as a writer, especially on the political affairs of the country.
It may be said of the newspaper men of Cherokee County, as a class, that they have not made the business financially profitable. The newspaper business in what are called the coun- try towns and cities has always been financially hazardous ; and it is only here and there that one makes it remunerative beyond the eking out of a scant living. This fact is due, in most part, to the large number of men who engage in the business without any well-defined purpose and often without any mental preparation what- ever. They begin at the "case" and learn, in a general way, the mechanical part of the work ; and when they can "set a stick," correct proof and "make up," they consider the work of preparation well along. The newspaper office, in the country towns and cities, is a good place for keeping posted on the current events cf the community ; and in most such offices every one employed, even down to the "devil," hears everything that is said, and the employment in which he is engaged seems to give him a fitness for remembering it. He may not know a thing about the construction of the English language ; may not know even the rudiments of his own speech; but he is presently found editing a newspaper, where the disadvantage to which
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he is put, by reason of his utter lack of suitable preparation, is equaled only by the chagrin which the people feel at his presuming to "mold public sentiment," and to lead the thought of the community. The State protects the people, or makes an effort so to protect them, against poorly prepared practitioners in the professions of law and medicine, and against illiterate teachers who may try to get into the public schools; but it makes no provision against the operations of a large class of poorly qualified newspaper men who often have no permanent connection with, or interest in, the community whose social thought they try to lead and whose political policies they assume to dictate.
Among the newspaper men of Cherokee County who have made their business financially successful, I mention John M. McNay and W. B. Lowrv. It is not meant that others have
been altogether unsuccessful, but that these have led in the matter of money making. But it is true that, with much less energy, on the same capital invested, they could make more at some other business. The dollars which they have earned, above all expenses, have been hard- earned dollars, and they are justly deserving of what success they have achieved. Mr. McNay was a close manager. He made money while in the business ; and when he, through good busi- ness foresigt, became convinced that there would come a decline, he turned his holdings, at a full-value consideration, thus demonstrating that the time for parting with property is when one is doing well. Mr. Lowry is still in busi- ness, and he is likely to remain so, as he is get- ting a good return on his investment, and he seems suited to the work in which he is engaged.
CHAPTER. IX.
THE AGRJCVLTVRAL INTERESTS
Farm and Live-Stock Products — The Home Market — The Profits in Agricultural Operations — Improvement of the Roads — Berry and Fruit Growing — Rural Routes and Telephones.
FARM AND LIVE STOCK PRODUCTS.
Among those who have never seen Kansas, the first thought of the country is that it is a vast area of level land suited only to farming purposes. This thought is largely correct ; for while within recent years vast mineral resour- ces have been discovered and are now being rapidly developed in the eastern part of the State, the source of greatest wealth lies in the soil, to be developed by tillage. A tremendous majority of the people of Kansas are engaged in agricultural pursuits.
While the mineral resources of Cherokee County are richer and more nearly inexhausti- ble than those of any other county in the State of Kansas, it also holds high rank as an agri- cultural district, in the money value of its farm and live-stock products. The following table will show the farm and live-stock products of Cherokee County, for the year 1903 :
Wheat $ 181.945.20
Corn 531.669.60
Oats 121,018.50
Rye 509.60
Irish Potatoes 36,12960
Sweet Potatoes 18.330.25
Flax 6,849.60
Tobacco 460.00
Broom Corn 1,680.00
Millet 8,869.00
Sorghum 6,745.00
Milo Maize 99.00
Kafir Corn 17,487.00
Tame Grasses 23,281.00
Timothy Hay 37,246.00
Prairie Hay 151,964.00
Total Field Products 1,144.273.35
Live-Stock Products' 507,094 .57
Aggregate Products $1,651,377.92
The table includes all horticultural prod- ucts, the products of the dairy, of poultry, of the apiary and of the orchard.
The year 1903 was not an average year for Cherokee County, in the matter of farm and live-stock products. The wheat crop and the corn crop were very much below the average, and the same may be said of all other products of the soil. The corn crop was not much more than enough to supply the local market, and the wheat sent out was of small quantity, compared with other vears.
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The agricultural conditions of the county, at the time of the writing of this chapter, Au- gust 1 6, 1904, are not promising of the very best yield. In the months of May and June, and extending into the month of July, there was an almost continuous rainy season, which did immense damage to all growing crops. The wheat yield would have been the best for the last twelve years, but for the excessive rains. Less than one-half of it was saved in any kind of marketable condition, and hundreds of acres were not cut at all. Oats were an almost entire failure, and corn was fearfully damaged. In the western part of the county, along the Neosho River, many thousands of acres of the very best lands were overflowed and the crops literally swept away. In some places the river was four miles wide, and the flood continued for nearly two weeks. The hope of the people was almost taken away, for a time; but there has been a great reaction. The crop conditions have been greatly improved since the rains ceased ; and the yields will be far above what was indicated only a few weeks ago.
Although Cherokee County may not be classed with the very best agricultural districts in the State of Kansas, there is as large a pro- portion of well-to-do and wealthy farmers as can be found in any other county. The soil, while not so deep as the soil of the Kaw Val- ley, in the northern part of the State, is won- derfully productive; and there is never a year of entire failure. There are perhaps a larger number of retired farmers in Cherokee County than in any other county in the State, — men who have endured the hardships of frontier life, saved up the earnings of their labor and are now enjoying it in a quiet, peaceful life, either in the rural districts or in the towns and cities, where thev have comfortable homes.
THE HOME MARKET.
One of the big factors in the make-up of the prosperity which has come to those who have given their time to agricultural pursuits is the good, home market for the products of the fields and gardens of Cherokee County. It is safe to say that not more than one-half of the people of Cherokee County can be numbered among the agricultural classes. The rest of the population is engaged in other pursuits. The good markets are due to the fact that so many of the people are profitably engaged in mining and in the various followings which are inci- dent thereto. Hundreds of thousands of dol- lars change hands in the county every month, and a very large part of the expenditure is for such things as are classed among the prod- ucts of the soil. As related in another chapter the mines of Cherokee County produce an im- mense value, in minerals and metals, but the operator does not get all. The gross products are very great, but when the expenses have been paid, which are distributed among many classes the clear profit is not so large, after all. The benefits are widely distributed, and this to the building up of more than a select few. The farmer of Cherokee County, as well as the live- stock dealer, has had his portion, and he is yet receiving the benefits of the varied industries of the county.
THE PROFITS IN AGRICULTURAL OPERATIONS.
As showing that agriculture has not fallen off in the profits derived from it, it is only nec- essary to state that the prices of farm lands have advanced fully 100 per centum in the last 10 years. Lands that were sold 10 years ago at from $10 to $20 an acre cannot be bought now
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Baptist Church, Galena
Christian Church, Galena
East Galena School
South Galena School
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A Log Cabin Pioneer Home in Galena
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for less than from $20 to $40 an acre, and the tendency is still upward, with the condition that owners are not seeking to sell. Buyers are much more numerous than those who want to dispose of their lands. This condition prevails all over the county.
Another condition is that there are almost no farms for rent. The farmers of Cherokee County, as a rule, own their homes, and they want to remain on them, except in cases where the owners have retired from active work, having laid by a competency in the years gone by. A little incident came under my no- tice since beginning this chapter. It seems that through some kind of mistake a 40-acre tract of land belonging to a well-to-do farmer was advertised for sale. He was asked why it was for sale; and he replied that the advertisement was a mistake, and to this he added the signifi- cant sentence : "I never sell any land in Cher- okee County, for when I appear in a transac- tion of the kind, it is always as a buyer."
In certain parts of Cherokee County the growing and feeding of stock for the market has been a very profitable business. In other parts the growing of wheat has been found profitable. Some wheat growers have, from a small beginning, spread out their ownership of land until they have hundreds of broad, fer- tile acres, and they annually get a good return from them. Of course, there are years when the yield is comparatively small ; when to a less courageous people it might appear discourag- ing; but they have, in the general average, found a profit sufficiently large to encourage them in continuing in the work. The seasons are becoming constantly more favorable: droughts are less frequent, and the rains are more uniformly distributed through the year, so that, while there are seasons when the yield
is not up to what would be wanted, there is a constantly improved condition of the agricult- ural classes.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ROADS.
Another matter deserves to be mentioned here: The era for the improvement of the public highways of the country is at hand, and the good-roads spirit is abroad in the land. The soil of Southeastern Kansas is especially adapted to the easy building of good roads. Except in a few parts of Cherokee County, there is enough of sand in the soil to save it from the condition of extreme muddiness, even in the wettest weather. The city of Galena, always forward in matters of this kind, has improved a number of roads leading into that place, by the use of the "tailings" of the mines or mills, the finely crushed stone from which lead and zinc ores are sifted, after the whole has been run through the crushers. If properly applied, upon well drained roads, it forms a solid, cement-like surface which will endure for a score of years. Many miles of this kind of road may be seen in the vicinity of Galena, as also in the vicinity of Baxter Springs. Besides affording easy transit for the people, in going to and fro, these roads give the country an ap- pearance of tidiness much above what was for- merly seen, and they stand as an index of thrift and economy which give an attraction to rural life. In 1903 the people of Columbus organ- ized a movement for the improvement of the roads leading into it, and some work has been done. Crusher gravel or "tailings" had to be shipped from Galena, and then hauled out on the roads, at a good deal of cost : but the roads so improved have shown that the work will pay. It is expected that within the next 10
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years nearly all the principal roads of the coun- ty will be so improved ; that the farmers and all other interested classes will favor the matter. It is not improbable that the roads of the county will be improved as above described, at public expense, so that the tax payers will bear the burden proportionately. But no effort of this kind has yet been suggested.
BERRY AND FRUIT GROWING.
It may not be improper here to speak of the industry of berry growing, which has been found very profitable in Cherokee County. In 1903 the acreage in blackberries was 158, and the acreage of strawberries was 192, and these did not include the smaller growers. Black- berries have not been so valuable as strawber- ries, There have been years when the profit on strawberries has been very large. Thous- ands of crates have been shipped out every year, and the industry has so grown in favor that many persons who formerly looked upon it with doubt have recently gone into it as a regular business. Cherokee County is the third county in the State, in this particular under- taking.
By protecting the trees from frost, fig trees may be grown in the county. Since begin- ning this chapter I have seen a few, full size, ripe figs from a tree grown by a Mr. Chase, who lives in the south part of Columbus. Ex- periments will be continued with the fruit, in the hope that the tree may yet be so acclimated as finally to do well, even in a latitude so far north.
Almonds can be grown in Cherokee Coun- ty. A few persons have experimented with them, and thev have found that the nut does
fairly well here; but I am not informed as to whether the industry can be be made profitable.
RURAL ROUTES AND TELEPHONES.
Rural life in Cherokee County has been vastly improved in the few years next preced- ing the present in the conditions which have made it more desirable. It now even has a charm attaching to it. The monotony and irk- some routine usually so characteristic of rural life have been much changed through the oper- ations of the rural free delivery of mail and the rural telephone systems which have been estab- lished throughout the county. They have done much toward bringing the rural districts into easy communication with the towns and cities of the country and, as a consequence, to broaden the intelligence of the people and to make life more worth living.
Elsewhere in this history the intelligence of the people of Kansas is spoken of; and it is there said that, in proportion to the inhabitants, the people take and read more newspapers than the people of any other State. No one who travels among them, and becomes acquainted with them in their daily life in their homes, can fail of being impressed with their ready intelli- gence upon the current events and the ease with which they converse upon subjects of general interest.
The farmer of Cherokee County, even in the remotest parts of it, keeps himself in touch with the outside world ; the rural free delivery system has brought it to his door. His daily paper, which reaches him the next day after it comes from the press, informs him of the mar- ket covering every commodity with which he may be concerned ; it spreads before him the
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news gleanings of the whole world and inspires him with the consciousness that he is a factor in the great aggregation of human effort. There are bits of philosophy and short outlines of the achievements of science, and here and there a touch of romance and a short, interest- ing fiction which enter as spice to enliven the whole. To the farmer and his family the daily paper enters into the necessaries of life, and its coming is looked for with eagerness with which a hungry person marks the approach of the hour of his regular meal.
Cherokee County, with its slightly undu- lating surface, its generally good roads and its thickly settled population, could not be other than a suitable field for the rural free delivery experiment ; and from the time of its incep- tion here, about four years ago, the number of routes has been increased until nearly every nook of the county has been reached. With the road improvements now contemplated, and for which there is an effort soon to be put forth, it will not be long until every family in the rural districts, however out of the way it may now live, will have a daily delivery of mail at the very door of its home, a convenience which many families in the towns and cities do not enjoy.
In the year 1903, after the long-distance tel- ephone had been extended to Columbus, thus connecting it with the larger cities of the State of Kansas, as well as with those of other states, and after the local telephone companies had connected the towns and cities of the county, the farmers began to establish rural telephones, through which, at a nominal expense, they may
have easy intercourse with one another. Ross and Salamanca townships were the first in the work, and now, within less than a year after the beginning of the project, the north half of the county is a network of rural telephone wires ; and it will not be long until the entire county, from farm house to farm house, will be supplied with the cheap, easy means of inter- communication. The rural telephone system is under the mutual ownership of thos ewho join in its establishment and in its extension.
It is needless to say that the people fully appreciate and highly enjoy the convenience, the comfort and the advantage which they have from the free delivery of their mail matter and the operation of their rural telephone systems; for now that they have these, and what they have wanted has been realized from them, the monotony and prosaic hardship of rural life have been so removed as to take away the drudge of toil and bring the cheer and gladness which spring from contented employment.
The establishment of the rural free delivery of mail and the putting in of the rural tele- phone systems mark an era in the progress of the people of Cherokee County. In the genera- tions to come on, the drudgery and cheerless toil of farm life, from which the people are now beginning to be relieved, will be mere matters of tradition related in story by those who can recall them. Other things are yet to follow, no doubt, and through them the people will ad- vance in the achievements of civilization, set- ting now and again the marks of their progress as they pass along the way.
CHAPTER. X.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MINERAL RXSOVRCES AND THE WATER, POWER OF THE COVNTY
The Coal Mines of the County — The First Coal Shaft — The Central Coal & Coke Company — Statistics of Coal Production — Gas and Oil — The Lead and Zinc Mines of the County — Big Real Estate Transactions— The Mining of Lead and Zinc — The Discovery of Lead and Zinc — Statistics of Lead and Zinc Production — The Operation of Mines — The Feature of Uncertainty Present — The Water Power of the County — The Spring River Power Company.
the coal mines of the county.
Coal mining is the second greatest industry carried on in Cherokee County. It requires more capital than any other industry in the county, and a greater number of men are em- ployed. It may also be said that it yields a larger clear profit. The whole of the north- central part of the county is underlaid with a two-and-a-half-foot stratum of coal, at a depth of about fifty feet, and a four-foot stratum at a depth of about one hundred and fifty feet. The output of coal in Cherokee County is more than one-third of the whole output of the State of Kansas. In the year 1900 it amounted to 1,629,108 tons, not including a great deal of coal taken from what are called strip pits, which was not reported to the State mine in- spector. The output now is much greater, but there are no figures at hand for determining the amount taken out for the last two years.
Although mining has been going on for
about thirty years, and immense quantities of coal have been taken out, it is believed, by those who are best qualified to judge of such matters, that not one-tenth of the field has been worked. Some think that not more than one acre out of fifty has been mined. Within recent years the greater demand, and the consequent higher prices, have stimulated to greater activity among operators. In Ross township, where there was but one shaft nine years ago, there are now 28 and all of them are in full opera- tion. The townships of Cherokee, Mineral and Ross are a network of railroad tracks, which have been built out from the main lines of the four roads which traverse the district ; and from any point from which the entire field can be seen (which is not difficult, for the country is an almost level prairie), the whole presents a scene of the intensest activity. Switch en- gines, bringing in "empties," and others draw- ing great trains of loaded cars, may be seen going in all directions, at all times ; and, from
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the way the work is going on, one might judge that the coal of the entire district would soon be exhausted in a little while. It is probable, however, that even forty years from now the industry of coal mining will still be profitable in the county, and that many companies will be engaged in it. New deposits may be discov- ered ; and in the districts where the more shal- low strata are now being worked deeper strata will be found, thus continuing the industry for many decades.
There are three principal districts or cen- ters of operations : Weir City, Scammon and Mineral City, the last named being the newest, or the district in which the more recent exten- sive operations have been put on foot. Weir City is in Cherokee township, Scammon in Mineral township and Mineral City in Ross township.
THE FIRST COAL SHAFT
Opened in the county was at Scammon, in 1877, owned and operated by the Scammon brothers, for whom the town was named. This shaft was the first coal shaft opened in Kansas, south of the Leavenworth coal district. The de- mand for coal was then comparatively light, and many persons, who now know better, thought at that time that the industry would never amount to much. The ownership of coal lands then was considered of light importance, and the fact that a farmer knew that his land was underlaid with fine coal did not impress him with an idea that it was more valuable than lands not so underlaid. Twelve years ago Johnson Patterson, then living in Ross town- ship, near where the railroad station at Mineral City now stands, offered his quarter section at $20 an acre; and two years afterward, when a
company offered him $25 an acre for the land, the transaction was closed at once, and he thought he had sold his land at a big price. His brother, Leslie Patterson, who owned the quarter section just north of his, did not accept the offer of the same price for his. He kept his land. He had taken it as a claim, when he first came to the county, had improved it ; had his ups and downs on it, as a farmer, and the family felt attached to it. Afterwards he leased the land to a company, for the purpose of min- ing only, and he is now getting $300 an acre, in the way of royalty, and he has sold $14,000 worth of town lots, and has most of the surface left. There was a time within the last twenty years when Leslie Patterson offered to take less than $1,000 for his quarter section, which is now worth $75,000. Such has been the revo- lution brought about by the development of the coal industry of the county. A great many people now say they have been extremely near- sighted ; that they have passed over many an op- portunity for making a fortune in a compara- tively short time, to take up something else, which promised good things and turned out nothing but disappointment to them.
THE CENTRAL COAL & COKE COMPANY.
One of the leading coal companies operat- ing in the district of Cherokee County is The Central Coal & Coke Company. It is among the great coal companies of the West. I here make use of information which has been furnished me concerning this company, for the purpose of showing what a small beginning may some- times develop into, as well as to call attention to the possibilities within the scope of this indus- try. The information is not set forth for the purpose of advertising the company; it does not
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
need it ; but it is done to stand as an index to what is being done in the field by other com- panies.
The pioneers in the operations of The Cen- tral Coal & Coke Company were Richard H. Keith, the company's president and general manager at this time, and John Perry. In 1 87 1, Mr. Keith began his active connection with the coal business in Kansas City, by open- ing a retail yard there. Within a year the busi- ness increased to such an extent that he needed a partner. A copartnership was formed, under the firm name of Mitchell & Keith ; and later, this firm was succeeded by R. H. Keith & Com- pany. Changes took place in the firm several times before the present style of the firm or company was reached. In 1873 the partner- ship of Keith & Henry was formed, which con- tinued until 1881, when a change was made to Keith & Perry. In 1884 it was The Keith & Perry Coal Company. The Company was in- corporated, under the laws of the State of Mis- souri. The capital stock was $800,000. The style of the company was continued until 1893, when it was changed to The Central Coal & Coke Company, with an authorized capital stock of $3,000,000, the additional capital being used in the purchase of The Sweetwater Coal Mining Company, at Rock Springs, Wyoming. This gave the company charge of the two larg- est mining undertakings in the West, capable of producing 3,500 tons of coal every day in the year, and which employ 700 men.
In April, 1902, the capital stock was in- creased to $7,000,000, and the bonded indebt- edness was raised from $904,000 to $2,500,- 000. The funds raised from the sale of the ad- ditional bonds were used in the purchase of the mining properties of The Kansas & Texas Coal
Company, with all the latter's allied interests. This company is interested in six different fields, and it produces as many different kinds of coal. Its properties are located in Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Indian Territory and Wyo- ming. It operates 45 mines, requiring 9.000 men. Its average pay roll is $10,000 a day. Its leases cover 70,000 acres of land, and the stratum of coal under the entire tract is five feet thick.
The officers of the company at present are as follows: R. H. Keith, president and gen- eral manager; \V. C. Perry, vice-president; Charles S. Keith, assistant general manager and general sales agent ; and D. Mackie, mana- ger of mines.
The workings of the various districts are in a great measure similar, entailing a great effort and each one bringing in its adequate re- turn. The original coal district in Kansas lies between Weir City and Scammon ; and here the famous Cherokee steam coal was first mined. The mines at Weir City were opened in 1877. In the Cherokee district the company has 13 mines and employs 3,00* men, and these mines produce 9,000 tons of coal each working day. The mines at Weir City are under the manage- ment of Hugh Reid, and through his superin- tendence they are well equipped, well ventilated and properly supplied with modern hoisting and screening machinery. A stranger, coming by chance to Weir City, would fancy himself at some great railway terminal point, the network of track, the spurs, switches and junction points all being required for carrying out the work of such mining operations as are here going on. Four lines of railroad reach this district at Weir City : Missouri Pacific, Kansas City Southern, Santa Fe and St. Louis & San Francisco.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
117
The local officers of the company, at Weir City, are C. N. Sweeney, district manager ; and C. A. Hess, agent.
STATISTICS OF COAL PRODUCTION.
The following table shows the quantity and
value of the coal produced in the State of Kan- sas, for the 11 years next preceding 1902, and the quantity and value of the coal produced in Cherokee County for the same time, with the per centum which the latter is of the whole.
|
YEAR |
PRODUCTION IN STATE |
VALUE |
Product in Cherokee County |
VALUE |
Per Cent of Value |
|
1890 1891 |
2,516,054 2,753,722 3,007,276 2,881,931 3,611,214 3,190,843 3,191,748 3,291,806 3,860,405 4,096,895 4,269,716 4,793,374 |
$ 3,170,870 3,607,375 3,954,568 3,960,331 4,S89,774 3,590,141 3,227,357 3,488,380 4,193,159 5,124,248 5,500,709 6,231,386 |
724,861 832,289 825,531 807,796 1,036,614 1,013,612 1,085,132 1,061,409 1,309,808 1,306,239 1,357,631 1,507,282 |
$ 882,186 989,785 1,009,524 1,009,704 1,295,768 1,013,612 1,206,022 1,010,343 1,375,361 1,472,385 1,629,108 1,959,467 |
28 28 25 |
|
1892 |
|||||
|
1893 |
95 |
||||
|
1894 |
25 |
||||
|
1895 1896 |
28 37 |
||||
|
1897 |
29 |
||||
|
1898 |
32 |
||||
|
1899.. |
28 |
||||
|
1900 . |
25 |
||||
|
1901 |
32 |
||||
|
41,464,984 |
$50,938,298 |
12,868,264 |
$14,853,265 |
29 |
The quantity of the coal produced in the State and in the county is given in tons. The table shows that, in round numbers, the state output was 41,000,000 tons, while, in round numbers, the output of the county was 12,000,- 000 tons, or a little more than 31 per centum of the State output. The value of the State output, in round numbers, was $50,000,000; the value of the county output, in round num- bers, was $14,000,000, or a little more than 29 per centum of the value of the State output.
The coal producing counties of the State of Kansas, given in the order of the quantity pro- duced in each, are as follows : Crawford, Cherokee, Leavenworth, Osage, Linn, Coffey, Bourbon, Labette, Franklin, Cloud, Ellsworth, Atchison, Chautauqua, Shawnee, Republic, Lincoln and Russell. The following table
shows the output of the State for the year 1900, bv counties :
|
Counties |
Number of Tons Produced |
Value |
|
2,335,998 1,357,631 250,183 194,618 36,320 35.524 28,000 9,670 8,250 7,208 2,510 1,200 1,100 592 501 400 11 4,269,716 |
$2,769,629.70 1,629,108.16 455,365.48 377,350.24 |
|
|
45,900.00 |
||
|
90.252.00 56,000.00 21,757.50 18,187.50 |
||
|
18,020.00 8,527.50 3,600.00 |
||
|
2,750.00 1,776.00 |
||
|
Republic |
1,252.50 1,200.00 |
|
|
Russell |
33.00 |
|
|
Totals |
$5,500,709.58 |
n8
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Up to the year 1900 there were 46 shafts in operation in Cherokee County. There are now about 60, and the increase in the output of coal has been about in the same ratio, as, in addition to the increased number of shafts, those al-
ready in operation are widening the areas of the mines, which gives an increase of produc- tion. The following table shows the mines in operation in the year 1900. The quantity is given in tons, of 2,000 pounds.
9
10 u 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
NAME OF COMPANY OR INDIVIDUAL
Central Coal & Coke Company
Kansas & Texas Coal Company
J. R. Crow Coal Company
Bennett & Crowe
J. H. Durkee Coal Company
Hamilton Coal & Mercantile Company
L. S. Myers & Son
Barrett & Hayden
Inter-State Coal Company
Allen Coal Company
M. C. Guy Coal Company
James Stone
Henry Jenkins
Mackie Fuel Company
Pullen Sons & Holman
L. J. Hisle
Eastern Coal & Coke Company
Humble Coal Company
Edwards Coal Company
Fidelity Land & Improvement Company
S. D. Scott
Southwestern Coal & Improvement Company
S. W. Baxter & Sons
Scranton & Son
J. C. Graham Coal Company
George Roeser
Columbus Coal Company
Southern Kansas Coal Company
Strip Pits not Reported
LOCATION OF MINE
H mile west of Weir
\Yx mile north of Scammon
2% miles southwest of Weir
1 '4 miles west of Scammon
North of Weir
Northeast of Weir
At Weir
Location not given
Yt mile southwest of Turck
1 mile west of Weir
1 Yi miles west of Weir
2 miles southwest of Turck
3# miles northwest of Weir
1 mile southwest of Weir
\% miles northeast of Weir
1 X miles northeast of Weir
1 mile northwest of Weir
% mile southwest of Weir Junction
2 miles northeast of Weir
North of Weir
% mile west of Scammon
1 mile south of Scammon
Southeast of Scammon
Scammon
North of Scammon
North of Scammon
Southwest of Weir
\% miles northwest of Scammon. . .
1 mile north of Scammon
Scammon
Cokedale
1 mile northwest of Turck
1 li miles southwest of Turck
2 miles north of Mineral
1 Vi miles south of Mineral
Mineral
1 mile east of Mineral
1 mile west of Mineral
1 % miles west of Weir
1 mile south of Weir
Scammon
1 mile south of Scammon
2 miles west of Turck
Stippville
\% miles south of Cherokee
Estimated
OUTPUT
70,212
83,624
173,713
75,178
44,034
75,320
46,264
10,000
85,440
65,800
34,518
11,432
2,689
67,780
9,740
8,800
26,430
12,195
6,262
30,000
40,000
5,366
10,560
1,526
1,118
9,500
9,821
4,500
2,027
5,587
28,268
3,625
12,356
1,058
70,885
146,734
18,565
636
3,676
13,000
6.981
400
150
14,861
7,000
645,079
11^^
Coke Works at Cokedale
Lead and Zinc Mining Shafts and Crushers, Galena
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
i2r
A number of mines are not given in the table, for the reason that they have been opened since the publication of the last report of the State mine inspector, and because there are no figures from which to make a showing of the output of these new mines. The Flemming mine at Mineral City is one not included, for the reasons given, and there are others whose names and locations have not been obtained in time to be embodied in this chapter.
Notwithstanding the vast increase in the output of coal in Cherokee County, prices to local consumers have advanced nearly ioo per centum in the last 15 years, and this without any apparently just reason. There is no reason for it, only that the operators have simply ad- vanced the price, for the gain which it brings. If prices to all other consumers have been ad- vanced as they have been to the consumers in Cherokee County, the value of the output of the mines in the county, if it could be given here, for the last few years, would show a great ad- vance over any like number of former years.
GAS AND OIL,
Which arise from the deep coal beds far be- neath the surface of the earth, have been found in large quantities in Southeastern Kansas, west of the Neosho River, in the counties of Labette, Montgomery, Chautauqua, Elk, Wilson, Neo- sho and Allen. It is not believed that either will be found in large quantities in Cherokee County. The gas and oil are found above what is known as the Mississippi limestone, which geologists say, crops out in this county, but pitches toward the west and northwest. How- ever, oil in small quantity has been found in Neosho township, in this county, and it is be- lieved that it may be found in Sheridan town- 7
ship, both these townships lying along the Neo^- sho River, on the east side, and just west of the general trend of the coal deposits. If, in the ages gone by, the oil exuded from the coal, through the tremendous pressure of the earth resting upon it, and was drained off in a north- westerly direction on the Mississippi limestone,, as water courses over a slightly tilted roof; and if the upper edge of this slightly tilted limestone crops out in Cherokee County, it is a reasonable presumption that there is no oil in the county, and that there is not much of it in Labette County, which is immediately west of, and only a little removed from, the coal fields.
THE LEAD AND ZINC MINES OF THE COUNTY.
It is conceded by those best qualified to judge of such matters, that, in mineral re- sources, Cherokee County is the richest county in the State of Kansas. Within several years next preceding the present a good deal has been published concerning what is called gold-bear- ing shale, found in some of the northwest coun- ties of the State ; but nothing has come of the effort to find gold in paying quantities. The people of Cherokee County, as well as very many who do not reside here, know that its mineral resources, in the process of their de- velopment, have passed the experimental period. Many millions of dollars have been made out of the rich deposits opened ; but it may be truthfully said that only a beginning has been made. This is particularly true of the lead and zinc. It is possible that one-tenth of the coal, in the strata now being worked, has been taken out; but no deep mining has been done. As to lead and zinc, not one-tenth has been taken out, even in the districts which have been most thoroughly worked in what may be
122
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
called the upper lodges of ore. Very little deep mining has been done for these ores ; but suffi- cient has been done to show that the lowest lodges reached are the richesth, in both quality and quantity. Operators who have had large experience in lead and zinc mining say that the store house of these ores, in what is known as the Galena district, are so nearly inexhaustible that the youngest generation now living will remain to see no more than a beginning made in their development.
BIG REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS.
Before entering upon a description of the mines of Cherokee County and a statement of the output from them, it is deemed not im- proper to speak of some of the big real es- tate transactions, the records of which may be found in the office of the register of deeds at Columbus; for some of these transactions have grown out of the undertakings which have been in course for the development of the mines in the county, while others have incidentally grown out of such interests.
May i, 1896, The State Trust Company funded bonds for The Cherokee Lanyon Spel- ter Company, to the amount of $300,000, the bonds being secured by a first mortgage of the company's real estate. The recorder's fee in this transaction was $48.65.
September 28, 1896, The Mercantile Trust Company funded bonds of The St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad Company, in the sum of $5,666,500, taking a mortgage on the com- pany's real estate in Cherokee County, with real estate elsewhere.
In January, 1902, The Central Coal & Coke Company negotiated with The Pennsylvania Company, for $2,500,000, and in security they
passed 37,000 acres of land in Missousi, Kan- sas, Arkansas and the Indian Territory. The record of the mortgage covers 90 pages, and the recorder's fee was $51.60. In January, 1898, the same company had negotiated with Edward E. Stansbury, under mortgage, for the loan of $800,000.
January 11, 1904, James Murphy and others, by quitclaim deed, sold more than 1,000 town lots in Empire City, to The Murphy Min- ing & Realty Company, for the consideration of $60,000. The fee for the recording of this deed was $158.65.
Perhaps the largest individual transaction in real estate ever made in Cherokee County was that in which W. S. Norton, of Columbus, sold certain coal lands to The Fidelity Land & Improvement Company, in consideration of $84,000.
These transactions cover considerations amounting to $9,410,500, a large part of which pertains to Cherokee County; but they do not include all the transactions which have imme- diately grown out of or incidentally pertain to the mining interests of the county. Other transactions, of more or less magnitude, if sought out in the records, would be found to foot up many hundreds of thousands of dollars in the county.
THE MINING OF LEAD AND ZINC.
Considering the area over which the opera- tions have been extended, the mining of lead and zinc since the year 1882, has been the most profitable industry in Cherokee County. The location of these mines is in the southeastern part of the county, along Spring River, chiefly on the east side of the stream, extending to the east line of the State. The city of Galena, so
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
123
named on account of the mineral which is so abundant there, is in the midst of the great mining region. Empire City lies just north of Galena. For many years next following the discovery of mineral there, a brisk rivalry was maintained between the two towns, each en- deavoring by every possible means to lead the other for the honor of designating the mining district. Galena early gained the ascendency, and it has constantly held it. In the reports showing the output of ores the region has come to be known as the "Galena District," and it is probable that it will so continue to be desig- nated.
THE DISCOVERY OF LEAD AND ZINC.
As is stated elsewhere, in the chapters de- voted to the history of Galena and of Empire City, lead and zinc were discovered in that lo- cality in the spring of 1877. Up to that time no uncovering of the rich deposits had been made. As far as human habitation was con- cerned, the region, in almost every respect, lay in an untouched condition ; and as for agri- cultural purposes Nature never designed it to be at all attractive. But from the year 1877, on down to the present, it has been one of the busiest regions in the world, in the activity con- stantly kept up in the operations necessary to bring to the surface of the earth the rich metal ores which are lying beneath.
STATISTICS OF LEAD AND ZINC PRODUCTION.
The annual output of ore has not constantly increased, each year greater than the preced- ing one, either in quantity or in value; for the activity has been intense or slack, proprtionate to the demnad for the product of the mines.
However, in a general way, taking any partic- ular series of years, there has been an advance, and a great one, too, since the first few years of the industry. The quantity and the value have not changed proportionately; for in 1896 the mines yielded 62,232 tons of zinc, worth $1,401,307.83, while in 1897 the yield was 59,451 tons of zinc, worth $1,492,663.04. In the latter year the yield was 2,781 tons less, but the value was $91,355.21 more, the increase in value being due to the higher market price. I have before me a table showing the annual output of lead and zinc, in the Galena district, from 1886 to 1901, inclusive. The table is taken from the "Annual Bulletin on the Min- eral Resources of Kansas," for 1900 and 1901, prepared by Erasmus Haworth, of the depart- ment of physical geology and mineralogy in the University of Kansas. It had been my aim to get information on the two years following 1901, but this is lacking.
The table shows that the quantity of zinc mined is much larger than the quantity of lead. But it also shows that the price of lead is higher than that of zinc. For the 16 years covered by the table, the quantity of zinc taken out and sold was more than six times as much as that of lead ; but the value of the zinc was less than four times as much as that of the lead. For this series of years the greatest output of zinc was in the year 1898, when 74.852 tons were sold ; but the greatest output of lead was in the year 1897, when 15,184.68 tons were sold, for $762,- 469.96 The largest amount realized for zinc, within the time covered by the table, was for the output of 1899, which amounted to $2,313,- 831.00. For the 16 years the mines yielded the enormous quantity of 633,683.63 tons of zinc ore, which was sold for $15,144,640.70, and 105,178.46 tons of lead, which was sold for
124
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
SHOWING OUTPUT OF ZINC AND LEAD ORES, GALENA DISTRICT, KANSAS,
From January 1, 1886, to December 31, 1901, inclusive. Data since 1895 from the Engintiring and Mining Journal; others
from Russell Elliott, Galena.
Year.
1886.
1887..
1888.
1889
1890.
1891.
1892
1893.
1894.
1895.
1896
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
Zinc Ore.
Tods (2000 lbs)
31,768.00 32,795.00 33,391.00 32,950.00 21,675.00 20,641.00 23.811.00 25,028.00 28,670.00 41,232.00 62,232.00 59,451.00 74,852.00 64,708.48 46,501.35 33,977.80
Average
price per ton.
$18 50
19 00 21 00
24 00 23 00
21 51
20 00
18 85 17 10
19 68
22 51
25 17
26 64 38 54 30 28
27 95
Totals for 16 years 633,683.63 $373 73 {15,144,640 70 105,178.46 $705 94
Value.
$587,
623
701
790
498,
454,
476,
471,
490
812
1,401
1,492
1,994
2,313
1,238
797
708 00 105 00 211 00 800 00 525 00 102 00 237 78 789 00 257 00 792 00 307 83 663 04 230 55 831 00 237 13 ,844 3'
Lead Ore.
Tons (2000 lbs)
2,962.14 3,073.19 2,624.00 3,992.50 4,173.96 3,602.21 7,188.17 5,139.59 5,817.49 12,537.64 14,061.58 15,184.68 7,918.28 6,723.40 4,938.44 5,238.19
Average
price per ton.
$59 00 52 50
31 00 46 00 42 28 50 32 42 00 38 00 33 64 38 56
32 04 50 20 42 04 52 62 48 80 46 94
Value.
$174, 161, 81, 183, 176, 182, 301, 195 195, 482 450 762 352 354 240 245
766 38 499 98 344 00 655 00 176 28 271 83 903 14 314 42 794 66 548 75 529 90 469 96 ,798 45 311 00 ,995 87 880 63
Total value of output.
$762,
784,
782,
974,
674,
636,
778,
667
686,
1,295,
1,851
2,255,
2,347
2,668,
1,479
1,043
474 38 604 98 555 00 455 00 701 28 373 83 140 92 103 42 051 66 340 75 837 73 133 00 029 00 142 00 233 00 725 00
$4,542,260 25 $19,686,900 95
$4,542,260.25, making, in all, $19,686,900.95. It must not be thought that this is all profit ; for, as a matter of fact, a very small part of it is clear profit, to any individual or company. The expenses of mining are always very great. While the output, when sold on a good market, brings in a vast amount of money, it has to be distributed among a large number of men, of various classes, which diffuses the benefits of the operations. Foundrymen, machinery build- ers, engineers, laborers, helpers, teamsters, shaft bosses, time keepers, clerks, bookkeepers; all these come in for their wages, salaries and accounts, and they must be paid. Then, if the mine is on leased ground, as many of them are, the owner of the land comes in for his royalty, Avhich is the easiest money made in all the under- taking. He has nothing to do but to accept his
check and go to the bank and have it added to his account.
The product of zinc ore, when the ore has been passed through the furnace and has been brought out in the metallic form, is called spelter. The furnace is called a smelter, and the operation of reducing the ore to metal is called smelting. The lead and zinc ores mined in Cherokee County, Kansas, are nearly all shipped to other places to be reduced. For- merly there were some smelters at Weir City, where coal is abundant ; but they were discon- tinued. A much larger number were at Pitts- burg, but many of them were moved to Iola, Kansas, on account of the abundance of natural gas. Recently, since the gas pressure has be- come weaker and insufficient to meet the de- mands as fully as desired, the smelters are being
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
12 =
brought back into the coal fields, where the supply of fuel is ample and will remain so, any- how for the next fifty years.
In Mr. Haworth's bulletin, referred to in this chapter, he says that during the years of 1900 and 1 90 1 the zinc smelters of Kansas yielded the largest amount of spelter ever pro- duced in a like time. They produced 57,856 tons of metal in 1900, and 81,542.3 tons in 1 90 1. The average price of spelter in New York, for the year 1900, was $87.80 a ton, and for the year 1901 it was $81.50 a ton, a decline of $6.30 a ton ; but the quantity put upon the market during the latter year was so much greater than the quantity for the former year that the value was greater by $1,516,864.65, the value for the first year being $5,028,832.80, while the value for the second year was $6,645,697.45.
In the year 1900 the total amount of spelter produced in the United States was about 123,- 000 tons. Kansas produced nearly one-half of this amount. It is claimed by some that much of the ore smelted in Kansas is brought into the State from other places; that the Joplin district sends a large amount of ore to Kansas, to Iola, LaHarpe and Cherryvale, all of which are situate in the gas regions. This may be true ; but it may be stated as true, also, that as much Kansas ore is shipped out of the State, to smelters in Missouri, Illinois and other States, as that which comes into the State from the Joplin district. Anyhow, it is within the bounds of truth to say that, of the lead and zinc ores smelted in Kansas, nearly the entire amount is taken out of the earth in the Galena district, which includes all the mining opera- tions for zinc and lead in the State of Kansas.
The following table will show the amount and value of the zinc produced in the State of
Kansas, annually, from 1882 to 1901, inclusive, the table covering the product of 20 years :
|
Year |
Amount in short tons (2000 pounds) |
Price per ton in New York |
Total Value |
|
1882 |
7,306 9,010 7,859 8,502 8,932 11,955 10,432 13,658 15,199 22,747 24,715 22,815 25,588 25,775 20,759 33,443 38,543 52,664 57,876 81,542.3 |
$110.60 90.60 89.60 86.80 87.90 92.80 98.34 100.20 108.75 108.82 89.78 80.37^ 70.43 71.04 79.70 82.40 91.40 115.00 87.80 81.50 |
$ 814,679.60 816,306.00 704,466.40 837,973.60 785,122.80 1,109,424.00 1,025,902.83 1,368,531.60 1,052,891.25 2,475,336.9s 2,218,912.70 1,733,755.63 1 902 162 84 |
|
1883 |
|||
|
1884 |
|||
|
1885 |
|||
|
1886 |
|||
|
1887 |
|||
|
1888 |
|||
|
1889 |
|||
|
1890 |
|||
|
1891 |
|||
|
1892 . |
|||
|
1893 |
|||
|
1894 |
|||
|
1895 |
1,831,056.00 1,653,592.30 2,755,703.20 3,5(18,524.27 6,056,360.00 5 028 832 80 |
||
|
1896 |
|||
|
1897 1898 |
|||
|
1899 1900 |
|||
|
1901 |
6,645 697 45 |
||
|
Total |
499,380.3 |
$91.19 |
$44,824,932.23 |
The table does not cover the product of the mines of the Galena district, from the time of the discovery of lead and zinc ores there, in 1877, up to the year 1882. By those who are best qualified to judge, it is estimated that the spelter produced in these five years was of the value of about $3,000,000, which added to the figures given in the table is seen to make up the aggregate value of $47,824,932.23, or an an- nual average of $2,391,246.61.
The world's production of zinc metal has constantly increased, and very rapidly within recent years, due to the increased uses to which it is put. It enters into the composition of brass and other yellow compositions, into the cyanide processes, into the manufacture of sheet metals and very largely for electrical purposes. Fifty per centum of it is used for galvanizing purposes, twenty per centum for sheet metals, fifteen per centum for brass and other yellow
126
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
compositions and fifteen per centum for sundry other purposes. It is indispensable in the manufacture of brass, and nothing else has been found that will take its place in electrical appliances. It is said that in America the greatest demand is for galvanizing purposes, in the manufacture of wire for fencing and other uses, and of galvanized iron for construc- tion purposes.
Belgium and the Rhine district, taken to- gether, produce more zinc metal than any other district in the world. Silesia came next, in former times, with America third, Great Britain
fourth, France and Spain fifth. Austria and Poland seventh : but more recently. America has gone ahead of Silesia, and is now second in the zinc-producing countries of the world, and it is not far behind Belgium and the Rhine dis- trict. The following table will show the world's output of zinc metal, for the years from 1884 to 1900. inclusive. In the last year the Bel- gium and Rhine district produced 189.994 tons ; Silesia produced 102,316 tons and America 122.885 tons. The next year, for which the output of other countries is not given, America nroduced 155.206 tons:
|
Veaf |
Rhine and |
Silesia |
Great |
France and Spain |
Austria |
Poland |
Total foreign |
America |
Grand Total |
Per cent. American |
|
1884 18S5 |
127.240 12!t.7.34 129,020 130,995 133,245 134,6t8 137,630 139,695 143,305 149,750 152,420 172,135 184,45a 191,836 192.994 - |
76,116 79,623 SI, 630 81.375 83,375 85,665 87 175 - - >7.7-,:i 90,310 91,14,5 93,620 95,875 94.045 99 2 S 100,160 102,316 |
29,2-59 24,299 21,230 19,839 . > 29,145 29.410 30,310 .- n 32,065 29,495 23,430 27.035 0222;; 30, Hi "'7 |
15,341 14,847 i ' -- 16.140 16,785 18,240 1S.360 - 1 - 20.585 21,245 22,895 28,450 32,120 32,049 33,482 44.200 |
6,170 5,610 5,000 5,388 4.077 6,330 7,135 6,440 5,020 7.500 - 580 8,355 9.255 8,185 7.229 7,305 6,836 |
4,164 5,019 4,145 3.580 3,7a5 3.026 3,620 3,760 4,270 4,530 5,015 4,960 5,760 5,664 6.325 5,969 |
86 290 2-59,152 256,330 257,155 26S,305 . - 283,245 234,745 .- .: 301.110 310,470 331.400 345,355 347,995 304,246 372.490 28H 525 |
34,414 36 329 • 44,940 49,913 52,55 57,860 72.208 77.910 70.385 67,257 80,077 72,707 - :• - 103.515 123,194 122 885 |
2»4.7'Ji 292,659 294,402 302,101 318.21S 329,801 341,105 356.953 367,237 371,405 ::77.7^7 411,537 418.122 437.263 495.690 411 375 |
• • |
|
1886 |
12.93 |
|||||||||
|
18S7 |
14.87 |
|||||||||
|
1888 |
15.68 |
|||||||||
|
1889 |
16.23 |
|||||||||
|
1890 .. |
16.96 |
|||||||||
|
1891 |
20.22 |
|||||||||
|
1892 |
21.21 |
|||||||||
|
1893 1894 |
18.93 17.80 |
|||||||||
|
1895 |
19.45 |
|||||||||
|
1896 |
17.43 |
|||||||||
|
1897 |
2*">4l |
|||||||||
|
- - 1899 1900 |
22.10 ■■ ■ - |
|||||||||
|
1901 |
155 206 1 - |
|||||||||
It would take more time and space than can here be given to name all the individuals and firms that have been engaged and are now en- gaged in the mining of lead and zinc in the Ga- lena district. During the 27 years, since the dis- covery of these ores in that district, many have come and gone, and only a few of the companies which were among the first are still operating. From the Galena Times of July 28. 1004. some information is taken as to a number of the
operators. Those mentioned are The South Side Mining & Manufacturing Company. The Pittsburg Lead & Zinc Company, The New Century Zinc & Lead Mining Company. Mur- phy, Freil & Company. The Merger Mining Company. The Clara Louise Mining & Mill g Company. The Galena Smelting & Manufac- turing Company, and The McXeal Mining & Milling Company.
The following table shows the output of
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
127
The Southside Mining & Manufacturing Company, from 1877, the beginning of mining operations at Galena, to and including the year
1903, and also a supplemental showing of the output for the first five months of the present year (1904) :
OUTPUT OF SOUTH SIDE MINING & MANUFACTURING COMPANY
|
YEAR |
LEAD ORE |
SOLD FOR |
ZINC ORE |
SOLD FOR |
|
1877 . |
112,455 3,570,003 10,291,291 9,553,204 7,703,234 5,007,410 2.368,808 1,351,847 1,282,661 1,671,813 1,803,775 1,329,277 1,904,083 1,070,360 1,016,003 1,018,229 1,569,380 1,272,090 538,200 1,036,136 1,613,260 1,121,470 1,081,648 1,712,031 2,262,830 732,070 660,770 |
$ 2,372.52 63,911.82 233,320.84 215,939.59 220,518.49 115,591.66 69,092.66 97,066.03 31,169.07 49.659.20 47,458.46 20,604.51 43,810.29 25,146.28 25,781.09 21,815.44 29,728.03 21,185.80 9,307.76 15,640.92 32,273.00 24,926.40 28,537.25 41,705.55 51,551.75 16,758.54 16,693.31 |
||
|
1878 |
||||
|
271,130 |
$ 2,169.09 |
|||
|
1880 |
||||
|
2,283,480 4,650,250 3,525,690 3,054,320 8,227,690 14,475,180 10,101,690 14,579,770 13,378,070 3,977,890 8,458,400 7,615,110 2,582,760 3,249,450 2,821,450 2,363,490 10,431,080 14,399,240 14,124,860 12,503,980 9,477,370 6,886,700 7,203,316 |
18,267.84 |
|||
|
37,202.04 |
||||
|
28,205.55 |
||||
|
24,434.;'5 |
||||
|
65.821.50 |
||||
|
115,801.47 |
||||
|
1887 |
80,813.52 |
|||
|
116,638.16 |
||||
|
107,024.56 |
||||
|
38,823.12 |
||||
|
67,667.20 |
||||
|
60,920.88 |
||||
|
18,079.32 |
||||
|
16,728.86 |
||||
|
14,033.45 |
||||
|
14,327.21 |
||||
|
43,707.27 |
||||
|
78,269.55 |
||||
|
174,426.64 |
||||
|
132,593.23 |
||||
|
93,060.60 |
||||
|
91,925.95 |
||||
|
93, 304. S3 |
||||
|
64,654,338 |
$1,571,567.32 |
180,642,306 |
$1,532,846.39 |
|
OUTPUT FOR FIRST FIVE MONTHS 1904
|
MONTH |
LEAD ORE |
SOLD FOR |
ZINC ORE |
SOLD FOR |
|
102,780 197,050 231,720 159,580 222,030 |
$2,098.51 4,199.43 6,391.88 4,397.49 5,605.00 |
575,786 633,826 886,986 937,845 636,636 |
$ 5,290.59 |
|
|
8,558.83 |
||||
|
12,243.91 |
||||
|
9,773.95 |
||||
|
7,307.70 |
||||
|
913,160 |
$22,692.31 |
3,671,079 |
$43,174.98 |
|
|
, |
The figures of quantity in the table indicate pounds instead of tons. It may be presumed that the Southside Mining & Manufacturing Company's output is an average among the
principal mining companies operating in the district. If so, it indicates the wonderful ac- tivity which has been kept up since the discov- ery of the rich ore deposits in the lead and zinc
128
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
area of Kansas, and which has brought so much wealth to the people engaged in the mining operations.
THE OPERATION OF THE MIXES.
In taking out lead and zinc ores the opera- tions are so different from those employed in the mining of coal that it is deemed a matter of interest here to make a brief statement, so that the reader not acquainted with the dif- ferences will have a better understanding of them. Coal nearly always lies in strata or layers, varying in thickness, from a few inches to several feet. These strata are sometimes level ; oftener they are slightly tilted, and some- times much so. In the coal fields of Southeast- ern Kansas the strata incline slightly down- ward toward the northwest. If one owns a tract of land on all sides of which shafts have been sunk and a stratum of coal found, he is almost absolutely safe in the presumption that he has the same stratum lying under his land, and at about the same depth of that of his neighbors, making allowances for the surface variations and the general tilt of the stratum. This is not true with respect to lead and zinc. These ores lie in pockets or lodges, or they may be scattered through the earth very irregularly, sometimes "good stuff," sometimes "poor stuff," according to the per centum of ore, com- pared with the rock and earth to be worked. The ores can never be depended upon to lie in strata ; and, on this account, one can not judge from surrounding operations, only in a general way, whether he will find ore or not. His neighbor may find the richest of deposits; but he may not even get a "shine," although he may sink his shaft close by.
The amount of earth and rock taken out is
simply enormous. Excavations are sometimes made so large that the roof of a "room" may be 50 feet above the floor, or even higher. The whole force of miners may be employed in a single excavation. Of course, the rocks not containing ore are not hoisted to the surface, after the room is large enough for storing them, if the drifting is on a level ; but often the ore is so scattered through the stones that it is neces- sary to bring them to the surface. There is not much of what is called "free ore."
After the ore-bearing rock is brought up it is run through powerful crushers, which grind it into a fine gravel. It is then run through "jigs," where is is shaken thoroughly in water, when the heavier particles go to the bottom. The water is then lowered and the top part of the gravel is skimmed off and thrown aside. This is called "tailings," but it yet contains a low per centum of ore. The heavy part, at the bottom, is then taken out of the "jig." when it is ready for the smelter. Recently, some com- panies have put in what are called "sludge mills," which grind the "tailings" into a still finer gravel, and this is put through the same kind of process as last described. The owners of these mills usually buy the great dumps of "tail- ings" at such prices as will justify them in working over the entire quantity, sometimes as large as a great hill containing thousands of tons.
THE FEATURE OF UNCERTAINTY PRESENT.
On account of the fact that lead and zinc ores do not lie in strata, but in pockets, scat- tered here and there through the region, many persons fail in their mining operations. Thou- sands of dollars have been spent in prospecting, and ground has been abandoned in numberless
Murdock Block, Galena
Court House, Galena
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
cases. In many instances abandoned shafts have been reopened and drifts started in other directions from those at first started, and these have led into the richest "finds" of ore. To those engaged in mining there are many inter- esting things. Some fail where others suc- ceed; some become suddenly wealthy by some fortunate turn, and afterwards strike a "streak of bad luck," and lose all they had formerly made ; others have toiled on from year to year, battling always against adverse conditions, at last to "strike it rich," and in a few months be independent. There is a fascination about the business, and this, with the chances to make money, attracts many people and leads to the building up of a community of rugged, cour- ageous class of citizens who, besides gaining the comforts which wealth affords, add largely to the material progress of the county. Lead and zinc have done wonders for Cherokee County. In its wealth of metal and mineral it stands in the front rank among the counties of the State, and if not at the very head, it is a question of a very short time when it will be there.
THE WATER POWER OF THE COUNTY.
In the chapter of this book, under The Early Settling of Cherokee County, the fact is mentioned that Benjamin F. Butler, of Massa- chusetts, who was one of the attorneys for the first settlers of the county, in their controversy with James F. Joy, once planned to secure the franchise for the water power of Spring River, or that part of it which flows through Cherokee County, Kansas. This was more than 30 years ago. It is believed that, had General Butler won the suit which was taken to the Supreme Court of the United States, and was decided
adversely to the people, in 1872, he would have pushed the water power project to the extent of making Southwestern Missouri and South- eastern Kansas a great manufacturing district, after the pattern of many in the New England States. General Butler was a far-seeing man. He foresaw that the time was then not far away when the manufacturing interests of Massa- chusetts and its neighboring States would move South and West; that the commercial require- ments of the country would make it necessary. But it was the mining interests of this section that chiefly led him to consider the feasibility of the project concerning which I now write, although the mining operations here were then in their inception. Joplin was then a mere vil- lage of board shanties and here and there a few habitations of better pretense. That was five years before the discovery of lead and zinc at Galena, or rather where Galena now stands, for the place was then unhonored and unnamed. The region was then a post-oak and black-jack wilderness hemmed in by hills and bluffs of flint and limestone, where an occasional trav- eler would sometimes halt to quench his thirst at a rippling stream, thinking not at all that he trod the surface beneath which lay untold stores of wealth. The Joplin district seven miles away, had begun to attract the attention of cap- italists in the Northern and Eastern States, and some of them had come and were beginning operations for developing its riches.
The development of the water power of Spring River, for more than the operation of an occasional grist mill, was left for persons coming upon the field at a later time. Perhaps it is better that it was so. There are turns in the affairs of men which lay hardships upon the in- dividual and later change for the benefit of the whole community, though lapses of time may
13-
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
often intervene. Thirty years ago the oppor- tune time had not arrived for the undertaking here considered. The conditions of population and of material development were not such as would justify the undertaking then; but the absence of these did not hinder far-seeing men from judging that they would speedily come.
THE SPRING RIVER POWER COMPANY.
Within the last two years The Spring River Power Company, a corporation controlling all the money that it needs, has taken hold of the matter of harnessing the power of that river, and the work is largely on its way. Surveys have been made, lands have been purchased, franchises have been obtained and the work of building a mighty dam across Spring River, at Lowell, just below the mouth of Shoal Creek, is well under way. I was at the scene of operations on July 16, 1904, and the extent to which the work had been carried indicates that a gigantic enterprise is in progress. More than 300 men were at work ; and it is expected that by the first of January, 1905, the dam will be completed, the machinery put in and the company ready to furnish electric power to any point within a radius of 50 miles. History, gen- erally, does not have to do with matters of the future ; its province is to record the incidents and achievements of the past ; but in an instance where a great enterprise has been planned and the material operations have been begun, it can scarcely be improper to lay out before the reader the scope and purpose of the undertak- ing. Such is the matter in hand ; and the ob- ject of this record is to preserve facts which, if not now set down, may escape the historian who, in the years to come, will enlarge upon that of which I now write.
The scope of the enterprise is planned to be broad, so broad as to meet the requirements laid upon it as the conditions may require from time to time along down the future. Besides the dam already under construction and well on its way to completion, another will be built at the south line of Cherokee County, where Spring River leaves the State of Kansas. By the course of the stream this is about 10 miles below Lowell, the point at which the first dam is being built. It is also said that the company will build a dam somewhere above Lowell, in Cherokee County, which will make three dams in the county. Besides these, the company in- tends to build a dam across the same stream, in the Indian Territory at a point a few miles west of Seneca, Missouri, on account of the rich ore fields in that district, as well as for other general purposes. But it is concerning the water power of Cherokee County that this chapter is being written. Mention is made of the fourth dam, as indicating the general scope of the company's planned undertaking.
The three dams in Cherokee County, if the whole energy of the stream can be conserved, will perhaps secure the application of 60,000 horse power; for Spring River is a magnificent stream of pure, limpid, spring water, with such a descent as admits of the feasibility of frequent dams along its course. Its main branch rises in Christian County. Missouri, not far west of Springfield. Its north fork rises in Dade County, Missouri, and Shoal Creek rises in Barry County, in that State. The main stream and all its branches flow through districts where there are many never-failing springs, some of which are large enough, in a single spring, to afford power for light-running grist mills and for other purposes.
The purpose of the undertaking, concern-
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
133
ing which this article is written, is to supply electric power for every kind of mechanical contrivance through which it may be profitably applied. It will be used in the operation of railway systems, for the transportation of pas- sengers and freight ; in supplying light and power for use in the towns and cities of the dis- trict, and for the smelting of ores in the near- lying mining fields along the river, on either side. In a sentence, the purpose of the under- taking is to turn Cherokee County, with the other districts lying within reach of the seat of power, into a great manufacturing center, where the cheap power can be used in the pro- duction of the commodities of trade and com- merce ; where the energy of the cold stream, now flowing on toward the distant sea, may be turned into light and power, for the comfort and convenience of the people now living, and yet to live, along its shores, and this without destroying its quality or much interrupting its
course. That the water of this beautiful stream has flowed on for years, decades and centuries, deepening its channel among the hills and through the valleys, affords a presumption that it will continue to flow, and thus offer to those who dwell along its way the opportunity of securing the benefits which will help to lighten toil and open an easement from the drudgery of life ; and acting on this presumption the com- pany entering upon the gigantic undertaking now in its inception will, before long, come to the test of the feasibility of the enterprise. The people will watch the progress of the great scheme with an eagerness proportionate with the vastness of the work to be done, and with the hope that disappointment will come neither to those who have it in charge, nor to those to whom its benefits will come. The water power of Cherokee County is foremost among the many advantages which its material resources afford.
CHAPTER XI.
THE RAILROADS OF CHEROKEE COVNTY
Railroad Construction — Railroad Property Tax Valuations — Railroad Mileage in the County — The Latest Line to be Built — Bonds in Aid of Railroads — An Early Railroad Time Table — Travel in the Days of the Stage Coach.
Railroads are perhaps the chief factor in the accomplishment of the purposes of modern civilization. Though the activity which they give to methods in nearly every industrial un- dertaking lays a heavy strain upon the nerves of the people, making it questionable whether the facilities which they afford bring an ade- quate compensation for the tremendous outlay of energy, they are now considered indispensa- ble for maintaining the present social and com- mercial conditions of the country. The dread of distance and the loss of time have so lost ground as anxiety-producing elements that they are now no longer taken into account. With railroads the people accomplish in a day what, a generation ago, would have required a year. As the modern steamship, with its con- venience, comfort, luxury and speed, and the network of ocean cables which encircle the earth, have brought the fulfillment of the prophecy, "I saw a new heaven and a new earth ; for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there was no more sea," so railroads have accomplished a like condition on the continents.
At the close of the war, April, 1865, Seda-
lia, Missouri, on the Missouri Pacific, and Rolla, Missouri, on the St. Louis & San Fran- cisco, were the nearest railroad points to Chero- kee County. The nearer of these was more than two hundred miles away, and travel to and from either was made by stage or by private conveyance, either of which was slow and dreadfully wearing. Merchandise of all kinds had to be brought in on the slow-going freight wagons, many of which were drawn by oxen. It would take more than a month to make a round trip. However, those engaged in the work enjoyed it ; and slow as the methods were in those pioneer days, life seemed to be as much worth the living as it is to-day, with all the modern ways and means which rapid-transit facilities enable the people to employ.
railroad construction.
As late as 1869, Pleasanton, Kansas, one hundred miles north of Columbus, was the nearest railroad point ; but by the latter part of that year the road was finished to Fort Scott. This was the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad. It was pushed on rapidly toward
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
135
Columbus, and on April 8, 1870, the first freight train entered the town. This was a heyday for Columbus. On the nth of April the first passenger train came; and on the 18th the people were given a free excursion to Fort Scott. These events marked the beginning of an era in the history of the town, as well as in the history of the county.
The building of the railroad south from Fort Scott was delayed by the opposition of the Land League ; and even after it was finished to Baxter Springs traffic over the line was often interrupted. It was partly for the protection of the company's property, that soldiers were kept in the county as late as 1872, when the dispute between the settlers and James F. Joy was settled by the United States Supreme Court.
The Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Rail- road was finished to Baxter Springs the same year it reached Columbus, and the latter place remained the terminus of the road many years ; then it was extended to Galena, and on to Jop- lin, Missouri. It did more to develop the county than any other road, at least for a long time, as from the main line, in the north part of the county, switches were extended to the coal shafts then opening up for supplying the markets as far north as Kansas City; and the road had much to do in opening the great lead and zinc mines at Galena.
In the fall of 1872 the St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad, which had then been fin- ished to Carthage, Missouri, was extended west, to the east line of the State of Kansas. This was done by Edward Brown, who had built the road from Peirce City, Missouri, to Carthage. At the State line a town was laid off and named Brownsville. This remained the terminus of the road, from about 1868 until
1872, when the road was extended through Cherokee County. In the meantime a narrow- gauge railroad was built from Weir City, in the northern part of the county, to Messer, in the middle eastern part. This was independent of the other road, and as such it was operated three or four years. After the completion of the St. Louis & San Francisco road through the county, traffic on the narrow-gauge road ran down, and the road was torn up and aban- doned. It was a non-productive investment, even at its best.
While Brownsville was the terminus of the St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad, the pro- moters of the contemplated extension were busy devising means for the carrying out of their plans. Townships were besought to vote bonds, all along the proposed route, and every other possible effort was resorted to for raising funds. Two towns were laid off, one east and the other west of the present town of Crestline. Some enterprising men at Carthage, Missouri, and a few from Cherokee County, got up an organization, issued bonds and sold them in the New York market, realizing many thousands of dollars upon them. They were entirely worthless ; and as soon as the victims found out the truth a criminal action was brought, and a number of persons in Carthage were arrested. The affair broke up a wealthy banker, whose son was the legal adviser in the fraud, and it is said that others were seriously damaged in a financial way.
The St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad was completed to Columbus in the fall of 1876, and on the first day of January, 1877, the com- pany's station was opened for business, under the care and management of J. M. Filler, who is still in charge of the company's business at Columbus, the company never having had any
x36
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
other agent here. If he continues in charge until the first of January, 1905, he will com- plete 28 years of continuous service for the company.
In 1901 the St. Louis & San Franscisco Railroad Company bought the controlling inter- est in the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Memphis Railroad Company, formerly the Kansas City, Fort Scott and Gulf Railroad Company, and since the purchase the properties of the two companies are known as the property of the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway Company. The stations of the two companies, in Colum- bus, were combined into one, in charge of J. M. Filler, of whom mention has been made.
In 1886-87 the Nevada & Minden Railroad, later known as the Missouri Pacific Railroad, was built through the county, from about the center of the north line of the county, to the southwest corner of the county, a distance of 25 miles, of which there are 24 miles lying in a direct line. This road crosses the St. Louis & San Francisco road at Sherwin Junction, six miles west of Columbus. It passes through the coal fields in the northern section of the county.
In 1894 the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway was extended from the company's main line, at Parsons, Kansas, to Mineral City, about nine miles northwest of Columbus, where the company had bought large tracts of coal lands. In 1901 this road was continued, through Columbus and Galena, to Joplin, Mis- souri, making the length of the line 52 miles, 32 of which lie in Cherokee County, besides more than 20 miles of side tracks and switches in the coal fields.
Besides the roads which I have mentioned, the Kansas City Southern Railway touches Cherokee County, at the northeast corner, hav-
ing a little more than three miles of track in this county.
In addition to the railroads which are de- scribed in the preceding paragraphs, Cherokee County is one of the few counties of the State of Kansas which have electric roads. About two miles of the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway lie in this county, having the city of Galena as its present western terminus. This road is soon to be extended to Baxter Springs, and probably entirely through the county.
RAILROAD PROPERTY TAX VALUATIONS.
Probably no other county in the State of Kansas has its railroad property so well dis- tributed as is found in Cherokee County. Out of the 14 townships of the county all but one have railroad property. Lyon township, in the southern central part of the county, has none. The following table, for the year 1904, shows the distribution of the county's railroad prop- erty valuation :
Townships. Valuations.
Pleasant View $ 32,268
Cherokee 93418
Mineral 84,915
Ross 131.513
Sheridan 34.209
Lola 102,293
Salamanca 95-590
Crawford 111,758
Shawnee 54,oo8
Lowell 56,667
Garden 19.125
Spring Valley 102,859
Lyon
Neosho 38,682
Cities.
Baxter Springs 17.501
Columbus 30.859
Empire 20.703
Galena 31.037
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
137
Scammon 8,705
Weir 24,579
Total Valuation $1,092,596
RAILROAD MILEAGE IN THE COUNTY.
In the following table, showing the mileage of railroads in the county, it will be seen that the St. Louis & San Francisco Company has a number of branches, and that these have a number of side tracks, the side tracks, in some instances, being more than the main lines of the branches. These are in the mining districts of the county.
St. L. & S. F. Division Main Line Side Track
Short Creek 9.31 7.98
Cherryvale 2.18 19.12
Weir 2.01 14.91
Girard .22
Joplin, north and south. . . 25.55 22.71
Galena 1.99 5.32
Main, east and west 25.63 2.22
66.89 72.26
M. K. & T 32.18 20.83
Missouri Pacific 25.03 1. 19
Kansas City Southern 3.31
Totals 127.41 94.28
94.28
Total mileage of track 221.69
THE LATEST LINE TO BE BUILT.
The Arkansas, Missouri & Kansas Railroad Company has lately made a survey through Cherokee County, entering the east side of the county near the middle of the east line, and running northwesterly, leaving the county at a point eight miles east of the northwest corner. The main line will be about twenty miles, in the county, besides a large mileage of side
tracks, as the road will lie through the coal fields. The road is now in process of construc- tion. When completed, it will add much to the assessable property of Cherokee County.
BONDS IN AID OF RAILROADS.
With one exception, the townships of Cherokee County have steered clear of rail- road bonds ; but in some instances the struggles were fierce and long continued. In the early days, following the close of the war, between the years of 1868 and 1880, a horde of "sharks," "grafters" and "confidence men" swarmed into Kansas, as well as into other States, for the sole purpose of securing fraudu- lent bonds upon every municipality not guarded against their wily, sinuous methods. Not all the smooth, artful schemers with which the country was then infested were sent out by railroad companies; most of them were what are more recently called "promoters," bank- rupts, broken-down politicians and reckless ad- venturers, who had been spewed out of respect- able circles in the older States and cast away as worthless. They alighted here and there, in the West and in the South, and wherever an un- suspecting community could be found they set to work with a showing of fairness which would deceive the very elect. Petitions were circulated, elections were held, bonds were voted, issued and sold to "innocent purchasers," the promoters disappeared, and the people were left in a state of helplessness equaled only by their amazement at the deft, cunning manner in which they had been swindled.
Salamanca township, on November 7, 1871. voted to bond itself, in the sum of $75,000, to aid in the construction of the Memphis, Car- thage & Northwestern Railroad. The bonds
138
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
were issued and placed in escrow with the Secre- tary of State, at Topeka, pending the fulfillment of what the people understood as the condition upon which they voted the bonds. Some time afterward, and while the people were resting easy under the belief that their interests were safe, the bonds were turned over to the railroad company. The company then hunted up an "in- nocent purchaser" and sold the bonds to him, it is said, at a discount of about 50 per centum. The construction of the road was then aban- doned, and the people had nothing left but the figurative "gold brick" and a broad expanse of "blue sky." They took the matter into the courts, followed through a long course of ex- pensive litigation and came out losers. But the people are now paying off the bonds, and in a few years more there will be nothing of them left. The manner in which they are discharg- ing the task imposed upon them through fraud of the deepest dye displays courage of the rarest type.
As Columbus is situated in Salamanca township, its property owners have borne and are bearing their proportion of the burden of paying for something they never received. The Memphis, Carthage & Northwestern Railroad was practically nothing more than a railroad on paper, while the corporate existence of the com- pany remains only in the memory of a few of the old settlers of the county.
AN EARLY RAILROAD TIME TABLE.
I have before me the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad Time Table, No. 21, which took effect Sunday, November 27, 1870, at 8 A. M. The time table was handed me yes- terday (July 14, 1904) by E. L. Martin, a
locomotive engineer w ho helped in building the road through this place in the spring of 1870. His engine drew a construction train. While at Cherokee, 12 miles north of Columbus, he suggested Cherokee as the name of the station, and the name was given it. Mr. Martin has been an engineer for about 39 years, and he now runs an engine for one of the passenger trains between Columbus, Kansas and Spring- field, Missouri. According to the time table, Columbus had but one passenger train each way a day. This train left Columbus at 8:11 A. M., and arrived at Kansas City, a distance of 148 miles, at 4:00 P. M., requiring seven hours and 49 minutes to make the distance, which was less than 19 miles an hour. The pas- senger trains made stage connections at the fol- lowing places : At LesCygnes, for Butler, Ger- mantown and Sedalia ; at Pleasanton, for Mound City ; at Fort Scott, for Nevada, Lamer and Humboldt ; at Girard, for Osage Mission ; at Columbus, for Carthage, Oswego and Che- topa ; at Baxter Springs, for Seneca and Neo- sho, Missouri; Fayetteville, Bentonville, Van Buren, Fort Smith, Arkansas ; Fort Gibson, Tahlequah, Perryville, Boggy Depot, Fort Ar- buckle and Fort Sill, Indian Territory ; and Sherman, Dallas, Fort Worth, Waco and San Antonio, Texas. Under the head "Special Di- rections," some rules are laid down for the speed of trains. "The speed of freight trains must not, at any time, or under any circum- stances, exceed fifteen miles an hour; and that speed will only be allowed when trains are un- avoidably detained and it becomes necessary, to prevent detention of other regular trains at meeting points." Another rule is : "Trains must not cross truss bridges at a greater speed than eight miles an hour."
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TRAVEL IN THE DAYS OF THE STAGE COACH.
Speaking of stage travel in those days brings to mind the fact that, with all of what would now be regarded uncomfortable methods for getting over the country, there was usually a good cheer and an ease of manner among fellow passengers by stage which went far to- ward compensating for whatever of hardship there might be. People in those days were not, as now, bent upon getting to their destination without loss of time. The distance, before starting, was often much dreaded ; but after the start was made, and the passenger became ac- quainted with his fellow passengers and fell upon good terms with the driver, the worst was over. Conversation ran freely upon matters of general interest, and the constantly occurring incidents of the trip came in for their share of attention. There were rough roads and smooth roads; there were broad stretches of prairie, skirts of shady woodland and the deep, quiet
forests, with their valleys and hills and their streams of limpid water; and there were the relays, and, at long distances, the cheerful inns, where thirst could be quenched and hunger as- suaged in a manner befitting the days of fron- tier life.
Railroads may annihilate distance and time, and they may do much toward meeting the fev- erish demands of a rushing, commercial age; but those who remember the days of stage coaches and steamboats, with the easy require- ments and simple manners of the people, pleas- antly recall many incidents and thrilling occur- rences which, at this day of hurrying to and from, would pass without notice; and to those who do remember the slower methods and the primitive manners and customs of the people, it is a question, not yet determined, whether the achievements of our present civilization have not been attained at an outlay of energy and mental force greater in value than that which we have received in exchange.
CHAPTER. XII.
THE HISTORY OF COLVMBVS
The First Settlers — Organized as a City — The Schools — The Churches — The Water Supply — The Court House — A Bit of History — Improvement in Ma- terial Prosperity — Residences — Business Blocks — The Cherokee County High School — Columbus as a Place for Residence — Early Settlers who Have Passed Away — The City's Business Interests Expanding — Population Figures — The Post Office.
Columbus, the county seat of Cherokee County, is situate almost exactly in the geo- graphical center of the county. It is of easy access, from all points ; and its broad streets, its well platted blocks, its comfortable, well- built homes, its churches, schools and other public buildings, make it a much desired place for residence. It is at the crossing of three railroads. — the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Memphis, the St. Louis & San Francisco and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas. Recently, as I have noted in the chapter on railroads, the first mentioned two roads have passed under the management of the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway Company, and the business of the two roads is now done through one office. The Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company's office is separate, and is conveniently located on East Maple street, the finest street in the city. The St. Louis & San Francisco station is in the northeastern part of the city, at the cross- ing of the tracks of the two branches of that road. It is the company's intention to build a
station at a point more convenient for the public.
the first settlers.
It is not very clear as to who was the first settler on the present site of the city of Colum- bus. There have been some contentions as to this matter, and the truth of it may never be precisely known. The original plat of the city contains 36 blocks, nearly in the center of sec- tion 13, township 33 south, range 23 east of the Sixth Principal Meridian, in the State of Kansas. The middle of the section is in Maple street, about one block and a half east of the Court House square. It is said that John Ap- pleby built the first house. This was on the northwest quarter of the section, on what is now lot 17, block 16, of the original plat. This was a farm house. No effort had been made to lay off a town. It was in the year 1867, when most of the land was in wild prairie grass. About that time Martin Jones built a house, the
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second erected. Even then there was no town organization. The county seat was at Pleasant View ; and there was no well organized purpose to make a change to the center of the county. H. A. Scovell, who now owns a hardware store on the north side of the public square, came to Cherokee County in 1867, and filed a claim on the southeast quarter of section 13. He sold his claim to S. S. Smith. His brother, Hannibal Scovell, sold his claim, the northeast quarter of the same section, to George Souder. The third house built was that erected by F. Fry, in 1868. It was afterward used as a hotel, known as the Lagonda House. Mr. Fry dug a well from which a large quantity of good water was obtained. He had it analyzed, and finding it contained medicinal qualities, according to the analysis, he advertised it, with a view to inducing immigration to the place. Hannibal Scovell, in 1867, laid claim to the northeast quarter of the section which I have mentioned, and he afterward sold the claim to George Souder. Both men are yet living in Cherokee County. On December 25, 1868, J. N. Lee, who had bought John Appleby's claim, opened a general store, the first store of any kind opened in the place. Then Scovell & Hanson opened a grocery store. Then the town, if it might be called such, began to attract attention. It was variously designated. It was called The Center, The Geographical Center, Centralis, and finally A. V. Peters, who was from the State of Ohio, called the place Columbus, in honor of that State's capital. In August, 1869, C. E. Mid- daugh opened a dry goods and grocery store. Mr. Middaugh was the principal merchant in the town for many years, and he made his busi- ness profitable. He afterward built a hotel, known as the Middaugh Hotel, and it is so known to this day, and is the leading hotel in
the city, having been, a few years ago, combined with the Palace Hotel, formerly built and owned by F. Fry.
ORGANIZED AS A CITY.
The city of Columbus was organized through the election held in April, 1871. This was about a year after the coming of the Kan- sas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad. The first mayor was Leland J. Webb, and the fol- lowing are those who have succeeded : J. N. Ritter, 1872 ; T. P. Anderson, 1873 • J- H- Lud- low, 1874-75; C. A. Sanders, 1876; George Hoyt, 1877; W. C. Lykens, 1878: S. O. Mc- Dowell, 1879-80-81-82; C. E. Middaugh, 1883- 84; E. A. Crewson, 1885-86; R. M. Cheshire, 1887-88; O. S. Butler, 1889-90-91-92; John Wiswell, 1893-94; S. O. McDowell, 1895-96; John Wiswell, 1897-98; J. O. Houx, 1S99- 1900; L. J. Slease, 1901-02; and W. T. Fork- ner, 1903-04. The mayors of the city have been chosen with a view to getting the best pos- sible public service; and the affairs of the city have usually been in conservative hands. The expenditures, which have necessarily become larger every year, as the city has grown and has been compelled to look after larger inter- ests, have been carefully guarded. As a rule the best men are chosen as councilmen. Sometimes the importance of this matter has been over- looked ; but there is a growing tendency to avoid the mistake of electing other than well-in- formed, conservative men; for the people are watchful of such things, and they will not stand for the inefficiency of poorly informed officials.
THE SCHOOLS.
The people of Columbus have maintained
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a constant watch care over the public schools of the city ever since the organization of the city. Every citizen had taken an interest in them ; and while the members of the School Board have been selected from among all classes, a wise direction has been given the management and the very best results have been attained. Good and well furnished buildings have been provided, well qualified and painstaking super- intendents have been employed, capable teachers have been chosen and everything else has been done to reach satisfactory results. Many grad- uates from the City High School have become teachers in the city and in the county. Some of them are holding responsible positions, too, in the government service at Washington ; one is the State Geologist, and another is the dean of the medical faculty at the State University, whose articles on subjects in the science of chemistry have been copied in the London, Ber- lin and other foreign scientific journals and eagerly read by the best thinkers of the age.
THE CHURCHES.
According to an old history which I have been permitted to examine, the first church organized in Columbus was the Baptist Church, May 20, 1870. There were 12 members. El- der C. A. Bateman presided at the meeting when the organization was effected. There were a number of pastors in the early years, among whom may be mentioned Elders Maver, Lappin, Post, Floyd, and Bowman. More recently there were Elders Ferguson, Houston, Hudson and Essex. Elder John R. Wright is the present pastor. The first Baptist Sunday-school of which there is any record was organized in August, 1882, with L. D. Dana as superintendent. The old church
house now belongs to J. L. Thomas, and is used as a blacksmith shop, on East Maple street.
The Methodist Church was organized, with 15 members, May 22, 1870. It grew rapidly in number. Among the ministers who had charge of the church in the first years of its work were : Elders Kirchner, Lowe, Bliss, Burrows, Combs, Scaggs, Thornbrue, Sibley, Marey, Kirby, Griffin, Thrall, McBirney and Robb. More recently there have been Elders Parker, Boaz, Vollmar, Murphy and Mulva- ney. The present pastor is Elder S. L. Chase. The church membership is perhaps the largest in Cherokee County, being about 500.
The Christian Church was organized in October, 1870. I have not the names of the former pastors, in the order of their terms. Elder J. A. Murray organized the church, and he was the pastor for the first two years. Other pastors were : Elders Baxter, Dewees, Jenkins, Dutcher, Tout, Hooten, Witt, Yard, Derry and McFarland. Elder Frank Jewett is the present pastor. The church numbers about 250 mem- bers.
The Presbyterian Church was organized in 1 87 1. Among the pastors the following may be mentioned : Elders Hawkins, Mayo, Cole- man, Moore, Hatfield, Hillis, Theis, Smalley and Bliss.
The Seventh-Day Adventists have a church organization and a church building, but no resident pastor.
The United Brethren have a church and a pastor, W. L. Stone, but they have no church building. The church organization is just now making an effort to put up a church building. Elder Stone has one or two country congrega- tions to whom he preaches regularly. In Co- lumbus the congregation uses the Adventists' church house, situate in East Columbus.
AST' iN0
Residence of W. S. Norton
Built and formerly owned by R. A. Long, now of Kansas City, Mo.
Residence of Mrs. A. Hood
Residence of Hon. R. M. Cheshire
Residence of C. A. McNeill Residence of E. R. Pattvson
SOME COLUMBUS RESIDENCES
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THE WATER SUPPLY.
In 1887 R. A. Long, president of the Long- Bell Lumber Company, whose main office was in Columbus at that time, and L. L. Doubleday, of the banking firm of Ritter & Doubleday, built a water supply system, at a cost of $60,000, one of the finest systems, at that price, there was in Southeastern Kansas. The city of Colum- bus, or certain citizens, some years previous to that time, had put down a well, 1.300 feet deep, and had secured a good flow of most excellent water. This well became a part of the water supply system. The very best of machinery was put in and a stand-pipe was erected on the original plat of the city. The City Council con- tracted with the firm of Long & Doubleday for putting in 50 fire plugs, agreeing to pay the firm $3,000 a year for their use. This was a heavy tax upon a city of no more than 2,000 inhabitants ; and the burden, after being borne for a few years, gave rise to much complaint and dissatisfaction. The city got behind, and such was the pressure brought to bear upon the council by those who were complaining that the matter continued until about $12,000 was due the firm. In the meantime mandamus pro- ceedings were begun to compel the Council to make a levy, which it had failed to do. The water supply firm also brought suit, for dam- ages, against T. P. LaRue, J. E. Tutton, Wes- ley E. Best, members of the Council, charging conspiracy against the firm. This case was finally dismissed. The city employed YV. B. Glasse and C. D. Ashley, to defend it in the mandamus proceedings in the Supreme Court, where the case was finally disposed of in favor of the city. Some time during the disagree- ment between the city and the water supply firm, the co-partnership gave place to a corpo-
ration, with L. L. Doubleday as manager; but this change did not improve the condition to the extent of bringing about an amicable adjust- ment of the trouble. Matters rather grew worse; and finally there began to spring up a sentiment favoring the city ownership of the system. The matter was discussed, from time to time, in the City Council, and everywhere else, the proposition gaining favor all the time. The city was deeply in debt to the water com- pany, and there was a decided feeling among the people against any effort to pay the claim. Finally, in 1897, while John Wiswell was mayor of the city, the water system was pur- chased by the city, for the sum of $32,000, the city issuing bonds for $30,000, at six per centum annual interest. By this the city saves $1,200 a year, provided the water rentals which come from private use will pay the running ex- penses and provide against the wear and tear of the equipment. So far, the Council has not made any considerable effort to increase the earnings from private use, nor is it providing any fund against the necessity which will some time come for the renewal of the machinery, mains, branch pipe and other things needed for the effective operation of the system. It is claimed by some that all these precautions would be taken, if the system were under pri- vate ownership and control ; that it is not a good policy to manage a public concern on other than along such courses as are followed in the man- agement of private affairs ; and such persons predict, and that upon safe grounds, that the city, maybe, at a time when it is the least pre- pared to met it, will find itself confronted with a condition under which it will be necessary to meet a big expense. Those favoring the city ownership believe that the city, after a little more experience, will begin to provide against
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the day of want; that it will learn how to get the most profit, at the least outlay, and that within a comparatively short time the system will be managed according to the best methods eir ployed in directing private affairs.
THE COURT HOUSE.
In 1887, on the 15th day of June, the grand master of the Grand Lodge of the State of Kan- sas, A. F. & A. M., laid the corner-stone of the Court House, which the people had voted to build. The ceremony was impressive, and it will long be remembered by those who witnessed it. Hundreds were there, and to them it was a resting place in the long, patient, enduring through which they had passed, hoping the day when they would begin the erection of a house creditable to the county which they had made their choice. For years and years they had put up with the old, wooden building on the north- east corner of the public square, inadequate in every respect for the safe-keeping of the public records, a dim, dingy and dreary old house which had served its time and was awaiting the day of its removal. To them it was the begin- ning of a new era. The erection of the new house went on for a while ; then came a delay. Some changes were made in the plans, and these brought a cessation of the work, and the sound of the hammer was for a while not heard. The building, however, was at last finished, and into it all the county records were moved. This was in 1889. The building, including furnace and furniture and such other things as are necessary to modern ideas of convenience, cost about $75,000.
A BIT OF HISTORY.
In the year 1885 a most unfortunate affair occurred on the Court House square. While
the county officers were occupying the old wooden building on the northeast corner of the square, there was no place in the building for keeping the records in safety. For the protec- tion of the books the county built a brick vault in the yard, and into this vault the records were put at night. Lawton & Woodruff was the style of a firm which was at that time en- gaged in the real estate, loan and insurance business. They employed much of their time in making a set of abstract books from the rec- ords. About the time they completed the set of abstract books, the vault in which the county records were kept was blown up, evidently with the intent to destroy the records of the county. Suspicion almost immediately rested upon the two members of the firm, but no arrest was made at the time. The ground of the suspicion was that it would be to the interest of Lawton & Woodruff, but to no one else, to have the records destroyed. Their abstracts would then be worth many thousands of dollars to them. There was another reason, which came to light later : The firm had negotiated a number of false mortgages, selling them to Eastern capi- talists, and these mortgages would in time be shown as fraudulent, upon an examination of the records; hence the importance of getting the records out of the way. A thorough inves- tigation was made of the matter, through the aid of detectives, and at the end of it Lawton and Woodruff were put under arrest ; but it was not until after another attempt was made to destroy the records. After the vault was blown up, and it was deemed unsafe to keep the books in the Court House, old and dilapidated as it was, the records were moved into an upper room in the J. W. Tompkins Building. S. Y. Timberlake was the register of deeds at the time. In the fall of 1885, William H. Chew
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was elected register of deeds, and he took the office in January, 1886. Not long after he took the office, some persons got into the room one night, a very cold night, between one and two o'clock, saturated the books with coal oil and set them on fire. B. W. Martin, who kept a harness shop in the room beneath, and who roomed on the same floor where the records were kept, chanced to hear persons talking, and on making an investigation found the office on fire. He burst the door open, carried water in a bucket and got the fire under control. He also gave the alarm, and was soon joined by a number of others, with whose help the flames were at last extinguished. Following this a warrant was issued and the two men placed under arrest. The case against Woodruff never came to trial. It was not generally be- lieved that he was guilty. His case was dis- missed. Lawton was held under bond, and pending the trial he went to Ohio, the State whence he came. He was constantly under the shadow of a detective. At his hotel, in Cincinnati, the detective roomed just across the hall. It is a mere conjecture as to whether he ever suspected that he was being shadowed; but the detective watched his incoming and his outgoing; and when a certain day had well worn along, and Lawton did not come down, the clerk of the hotel made an entrance into the room, the death chamber of Richard H. Law- ton, for there lay the man cold and senseless. The detective entered the room with the clerk, identified the man who had been followed from Columbus, Kansas, and the career of the pur- sued was at an end. J. R. Hallowell, one of the leading lawyers of the county, at that time, was Lawton's attorney. Lawton told him all. He went to the bottom of the matter, as clients sometimes do, and ought always to do, with
their attorneys. Mr. Hallowell died some years ago, I believe, in the State of Indiana, whence he had come to this State in the early days. But before he died he told a friend, who now lives in this city, that Lawton made a full and complete confession to him ; confessed that he was guilty ; that he tried to destroy the records, for the purpose of making his abstract books valuable. As far as it has been learned, he did not implicate any one else with him in the crime. Richard H. Lawton was born in Ma- rietta, Ohio, February 24, 1849. He graduated from Wabash University, Indiana, in 1865, at the age of 16 years. He then came West, and after being engaged in a number of different employments he went to what is now Crawford County, Kansas, and helped to lay out Girard, the county seat. He came to Columbus in 1878, for the purpose of disposing of the Rail- road company's lands. Let us turn to brighter things.
IMPROVEMENT IN MATERIAL PROSPERITY.
For a long time after the beginning of the upbuilding of the place the home owners of Columbus had many ups and downs, and espe- cially downs. Times were hard, and the mort- gage taker was abroad in the land. Twenty years ago from this good day of grace half the homes in Columbus were the abode of sadness because of debt ; and in many of them sadness took up her permanent residence, to bide the time of the sheriff's coming. The people, in the years preceding, had reveled in speculative ideas of the dreamiest nature ; the city had had a "boom," but when Nature had brought about an equilibrium, as Nature always does, many had the form of ownership, while lacking the real thing. About 15 years ago the sheriff was
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the busiest, best known man in Cherokee Coun- ty, while many a mortgage holder was "a very sick man," and many a former home owner was looking about for a place to begin life anew. Things went down to bed rock, and some of them even crawled under it. In not a few instances the rental charge for a house was : "Move in and take good care of the property." There was a time, about ten years ago, when the money lenders of the East owned scores of houses and lots in Columbus from many of which they were receiving no returns at all. It is far different now. Those properties have been bought by the people who went through the trying times and came out wiser from the experience and are now holding their homes without incumbrance. Mortgage holders are much in the minority, and a case in foreclosure is now a rare entrance on the docket of the court. In many an instance it may be said that
The blazing hearthfire now again doth burn, And busy housewife plies her evening care;
While children run to lisp their sire's return, And climb his knee the envied kiss to share.
RESIDENCES.
In the earlier days, even before it was gen- erally believed that Columbus would become a very desirable place for residence, a number of the more enterprising citizens built commodi- ous, comfortable homes ; and it was largely due to these, that others were encouraged to hold on and to grapple with adverse conditions, fin- ally to succeed and do likewise. Among those who early built good homes the following may be mentioned: Lewis Prell, W. R. Cowley, Henry C. Mentzer, R. A. Long, Mr. Jarvis, M. A. Housholder. John N. Ritter, John E. Tut- ton, Milton R. Steward, B. F. Steward, A. H.
Skidmore, J. P. Campbell. J. H. Smith, Isaac Wright, Chester Branin, E. A. Scammon, J. R. Hallowell, Slemons Lisle, Mr. Walbert, E. M. Tracewell, A. Hood, D. S. Free- man, Wesley E. Best and S. O. McDowell. More recently, and since the city has taken on new life, others have established good, com- fortable homes, and among them are these : Robert Warren, W. J. Moore, Dr. Johnson. J. H. Hamilton, L. J. Slease, A. Hood, H. N. Furness, E. W. Youngman, A. H. Baldwin, C. A. McNeill, H. R. Crowell, Fred Scoville, C. M. Hord, J. C. Forkner, W. T. Forkner, Alex- ander Wilson, George Martin, Roy Wilson, Charles Bartlett. C. R. Aitchison, Dr. Winter, R. M. Willis, Dr. Huffman, Fred Simkins, John Wiswell, Hy Rains, C. D. Ashley, John Rawlings, H. B. Henderson, Mary Kraft, E. R. Pattyson, F. A. Jackson, Dr. Hendrickson, Mr. Hodge, J. Wilbur Logan, Judge W. B. Glasse, C. A. Middaugh and James Morrow. Some of the better suburban homes are those of Col. R. W. Blue, Judge R. M. Cheshire, Senator M. A. Householder, Ex-Treasurer Frank Hoover, Thomas A. Blake, Andrew Shearer, Dr. J. O. Houx, A. S. Dennison, T. J. Skinner, Phil C. Metzler and Wash Williams.
BUSINESS BLOCKS.
In the building up of business properties some of the citizens have done much for the city in the last half a score of years. T. P. La- Rue and W. M. Benham have led in this re- spect, while H. A. Scovell, W. B. Lowry, J. Wilbur Logan, W. S. Norton, A. H. Skidmore and M. A. Housholder have done much toward helping the city into better conditions. All of these have put up good, substantial brick build- ings which add to the good appearance of the
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city, while increasing its taxable wealth. In addition to what has been done toward build- ing up business properties Mr. LaRue has bought and improved many residence proper- ties which had been formerly neglected by the owners and allowed to go to sale for debt.
THE CHEROKEE COUNTY HIGH SCHOOL.
The establishment of the Cherokee County High School at Columbus, gave a better im- petus to the growth and permanent improve- ment of the city than anything else that has taken place in the last 15 years. Immediately upon the determination of the fact that the peo- ple had voted affirmatively on the question, res- idence property began to advance in value, while a lighter stimulus was given business in- terests.
COLUMBUS AS A PLACE FOR RESIDENCE.
With its central location, where it is acces- sible from every direction ; with its wide, shady streets, its good water for every purpose, its churches and schools and its well laid out homes, Columbus is a much desired place for residence. The people who live in it do not pro- fess to be righteous above those of other places ; there is a good deal of liberality and fairmind- edness ; views on all matters are liberally enter- tained and freely expressed ; the truly pious are respected and they have their influence, which is always an uplift to others; those of wide re- ligious views are not held in scorn, but there is no place for the trimmer, the artful dodger, the man of policy who joins a lodge or a church or keeps himself in touch with certain classes for the sole purpose of turning his affiliation in as merchantable asset that he may profit thereby.
There are no saloons in Columbus. The
subject of the traffic in intoxicating liquors, whether it is materially profitable for the city to allow it or not, has been settled thoroughly and, it ought to be hoped, for all time to come. As a rule, the mayors of the city, as well as the other officers, have been against the traffic, and the sentiment of the people is that it shall never be tolerated within the municipal limits. The people of the county, in settling the County High School at Columbus, did so with the tacit understanding that the government of the city would not allow the saloon, with all its concom- itant influences, to stand as a menace to the work of education, which it would do if per- mitted to ply its traffic where the students of the High School might be reached.
EARLY CITIZENS WHO HAVE PASSED AWAY.
Many of the early citizens of Columbns have passed away. Few of the first settlers re- main. Of those who lived here 20 years ago and were active in the interests of the city, many now gone will be well and kindly remem- bered. Capt. S. S. Smith, F. Fry. Dr. E. L. Enlow, Horace Brown, Capt. J. H. Smith, George S. Richardson, Samuel Megenity, R. H. Stott. Slemons Lisle. Edward McPherson, James Whitcraft, W. H. Timberlake, Judge John N. Ritter, J. W. Tompkins, A. A. Bloom- field, C. E. Middaugh, H. A. Hicks and A. Hood. And yet, out of a population of 3.000, there are 52 persons in the city who are over 70 years of age.
THE CITY'S BUSINESS INTERESTS EXPANDING.
Heretofore, the city of Columbus has de- pended, for its business, upon the agricultural districts of the county, and it is yet almost so
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at this time; but within recent years the devel- opment of the rich coal fields just north of the city has added much to business interests. With the completion of the electric railroad now con- templated, which will connect the city with the lead and zinc mines on the southeast and with the coal districts on the north, the place will become more desirable, both for residence pur- poses and for the enlarged opportunities which will be offered for trade and commerce.
In 1889 the Lafflin & Rand Powder Com- pany, of New York, established a system of powder mills about three miles north of Colum- bus, for the Inanufacture of blasting powder. The immense quantity of powder used in the mines of Southeastern Kansas and Southwest- ern Missouri first called the attention of the company to the importance of the undertaking, which has been in constant operation since the work's were finished and the company ready to supply the demand. These mills have cost the company about $500,000, and they have added much to the taxable property of the county, besides giving employment to a large number of men.
Within the last two years a company has been organized and incorporated by a number of the citizens, for the extensive manufacture of brick and tile. The works are in operation now, and the successful manufacture of vitri- fied brick and the other products of the plant has shown the good business judgment which led to the undertaking. The city itself has been much profited by this enterprise, as it affords an immediate supply of material for buildings of all kinds, and for paving the streets and sidewalks, which until recently had been so much neglected.
POPULATION FIGURES.
In 1870 the population of Columbus was 402 ; in 1 880 it was 1 , 1 64 ; in 1 890 it was 2,135; in 1900 it was 2,414 and in 1904, as taken by the city assessor, in the month of March, it was 2,952. The population is almost wholly made up of American-born people, there being very few of foreign birth living in the place.
THE POSTOFFICE.
The business of the postoffice of Columbus has never brought it up to the grade of a sec- ond-class office; but the rate of the increase as it now is will before long bring it to that class. Nearly all the territory within easy reach is sup- plied, in its mail matter, from this office; and four rural routes have been established. The postmasters of Columbus are here named, in the order in which they served : J. F. McDow- ell, S. O. McDowell, A. T. Lea. M. W. Coulter, H. V. Gavigan, W. P. Eddy, S. Y. Timberlake. N. T. Allison, Clarence R. Aitchison and Jesse Forkner. The amount of mail matter handled through the office has vastly increased within the last few years, while the transfer of mail pouches coming through the office and those handled at the railroad stations makes a showing of enormous volume. At Girard, Crawford County, 30 miles north of Colum- bus, a weekly newspaper has a circulation of 260,000 copies; and much of the mail matter which it sends out is transferred at this place. Twenty-two mail and passenger trains pass through Columbus every 24 hours, and from this fact it may be presumed that the mail mat- ter handled here is of itself an important item.
CHAPTER XIII.
THE HISTORY OF BAXTER SPRINGS
The Phases of the City's Past— The First Settlers— Incorporated as a City— The Baxter Springs Massacre— Discovery of Lead and Zinc — Development of the Water Power on Spring River — Residences.
the phases of the city- s past.
The site of Baxter Springs could scarcely be excelled in any country. It is neither level nor very hilly. Situate on the west side of Spring River, in the southeast corner of Cher- okee County, and about two miles north of the Indian Territory line, half in woodland, half in what was originally a prairie, the city never fails favorably to impress those who sojourn within its quiet, restful precincts. It was not always thus; for in the early days, when it was a mere outpost on the frontier, it was known, far and wide, as "a tough place," made up of a number of classes of people who would scarcely be taken into the aggregate of polite society. Hither came people from the North and East, seeking easement from the harder conditions under which they had lived in the States of denser population, some of them hop- ing through upright methods to gain a footing where they might establish homes, while others, more of roving, adventurous dispositions, came along to light upon any edge of fortune that might turn in the constant drifting of a reck- less life. From the South and Southwest there
came the not less reckless but the bolder classes of the extreme frontier, honorable in a way, true to a friend, but deliberately cold to the ap- proach of those who might be suspected of a questionable design. The classes who fur- nished the money were those who came from the older sections of the country, as merchants and tradespeople, and those who came from the frontier, as the owners of the vast herds of cattle which, in those days, were driven north- ward, to come within easier reach of the mar- kets or to meet the cattle buyers, who were plentiful at that time. Being the principal trade mart of the Southwest, the place was the nerve center of a constantly widening area from which it drew all things unto itself. Money was so plentiful that men became wild in their speculative ideas; and those who had the direction of public affairs reckoned not at all for the future; or, if they did, they could see nothing but a continuation of the feverish conditions of the material prosperity which had set the town so well along. By the year 1875 the town had a population of about 5,000; but long before that it had voted bonds to the Kan- sas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad, to the
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amount of $150,000. In 1871, after the rail- road bonds had been voted, $25,000 was voted for building school houses, and $10,000 for a Court House; and in 1873 $4,000 was voted for street improvements, making the bonded indebtedness of the city $189,000, an amount greater than the real value of the taxable prop- erty of the people. Subsequently, the building of the St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway into the Indian Territory, the one south and the other west of Baxter Springs, so cut off the Texas cattle trade as practically to ruin the trade interests of the town. When the trade of the city was taken away ; when civilization, in its Westward march, pushed the frontier farther on, and the place settled down to the basis of its own merit, the ardor and enthusi- asm which had led the people into wild ideas as to the future of the town cooled down ; but their bonded obligations remained no less ex- acting. Creditors rarely slacken their hand on account of the weakened condition of the deb- tor. If a "pound of flesh" is "nominated in the bond," the payment is demanded at the limit of its run. The tax burden of the people of Baxter Springs grew so heavy that there was a distressing diminution of the population, by reason of the fact that a large number, weak- ened in their purposes by the general misfor- tunes of the city, and seeing no early prospect of a better turn, abandoned what they could illy afford to hold and left for other parts. About that time the discovery of the rich ore fields in the Joplin district and at Galena drew away many people, who surrendered their property to the iron-handed tax gatherer. The desola- lation was so complete, and values went so low, that property which in the better days had been highly prized was sold under the hammer
at a merely nominal price, to satisfy the de- mands of public debt. The conditions were such that even the bond holders found it nec- essary to accept a compromise ranging from 20 cents to 50 cents on the dollar ; but even this left to the few people who remained a mere modicum of hope. But to those who did re- main, and who have withstood hardships which would crush out the life of a less courageous people, there is now the dawn of a better day. They have endured a long night of weeping, and through it they have earned the joy of the morning, whose cheering light is now begin- ning to break through the rifted clouds. With the conditions now setting in, under which there is a permanent growth fostered and guided through the experience of those who have un- dergone even' manner of hardship, it is safe to say that Baxter Springs bids fair, not far hence, to become one of the most delightful dwelling places in the entire West. The city has come through great tribulation, such as has been the lot of many a Western town whose hopes and fears have alternated through the shifting phases of fortune; but it has now come to an estate of better things, where the joy of the achievement of laudable aims enables the peo- ple in a measure to forget the gloom through, which they have come. The city has freed it- self from the burden of public debt, and it is safe to say that its affairs will hereafter be guided clear of such entanglements as those through which it has passed so much of its time.
THE FIRST SETTLERS.
Baxter Springs took its name from A. Bax- ter, the first person to take a claim on the land on which the northeast part of the town was
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afterward built. According to the statement of Mrs. A. Willard, who is now 64 years old, and who has lived all her life in the neighborhood, "Old Man Baxter" lighted upon his claim about the year 1850, and could, therefore, be nothing more than a "squatter." In the chapter of this volume treating of the early settling of the county I have somewhat described the char- acter of the man and have given an account of his tragic death. In addition to what is there said, it has been later learned that he was a kind of self-appointed Universalist missionary, and that he finally drifted into spiritualism and later into infidelity. Baxter first built a squat- ter's shack on the claim which he took, a short distance in a northeasterly direction from the spring, and broke out a few acres of ground, the meagei returns of which were sufficient to meet the simple wants of himself and family. With these rude pretensions, suited to the char- acter of frontier life, they lived along in com- parative comfort until there came to be some travel through the country, occasional adven- turers from the States, who were pushing west- wardly in search of broader and freer fields. He then built a small inn or tavern for the ac- commodation of sojourners, many of whom mysteriously came and as mysteriously went away.
Some time after A. Baxter had built his tav- ern there came a man by the name of Powell, who opened the first store ever in the place and did a kind of small business, after the man- ner of merchants at the outposts of civilization, where came the few settlers to lay out their meager savings in the purchase of such things as answered the wants of their unpretentious lives, and to hear the news which the country store-keeper was supposed to be able to give out. Some time after Powell came, Jefferson
Davis and a man by the name of Armstrong lighted upon claims and built rude shanties, their claims being on lands upon which a part of the town was afterward built. Years after- ward, when the county had been organized, and courts had been established, Davis was the defendant in a criminal action, the first case, of any kind, that was tried in the District Court of Cherokee County. The trial came on at the first day of the only term of court held at Pleas- ant View, then the county seat ; and it was the only case tried at that term, which began on Monday, May 6, 1867, and lasted three days. It is said that Davis was charged with commit- ting a felony, and that he was convicted.
INCORPORATED AS A CITY.
Baxter Springs was incorporated in 1869, as a city of the second class ; and at that time it was, by far, the most important place in the county, for it had long possessed advantages which easily gave it that distinction. L. G. Den- ton was the city's first mayor. Since then the following persons have been elected to the office : H. R. Crowell, Mr. Boyd, Philip Pfen- ning, J. M. Cooper, J. C. Naylor, J. B. Opper- man, \V. H. Hornor, J. J. Fribley, W. S. Nor- ton, C. W. Daniels and L. D. Brewster, the last named gentleman being the present mayor. The people have always chosen their best busi- ness men to hold the office of mayor ; and they have been equally careful in selecting the mem- bers of the City Council. Despite the fact that in the early days, when speculative ideas were large, and the future was believed to have noth- ing in store but the continuation of the good conditions which then prevailed, the city govern- ment laid out courses which often ran into dis- aster and brought on the sorest of hardships;
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but through it all the people have done what they could, and their work has not been in vain.
THE BAXTER SPRINGS MASSACRE.
On October 6, 1863, when the spirit of civil war was abroad in the land ; when the fires of sectional strife had been fanned into a devour- ing flame, an event took place at Baxter Springs without the chronicling of which the history of the city would most certainly be incomplete. Reference is had to what has since been known as the "Baxter Springs Massacre." Had a great conflagration swept the city at a time when it was at the height of its early glory, or had a dire pestilence stealthily crept into the habitations of the people and carried them away, such an event could not be compared in its im- pression with the ineffaceable mark of this event.
Perhaps a better account of the massacre cannot now be given than that written by Dr. W. H. Warner, of Girard, Kansas, who was among the garrison in the little fort at Baxter Springs at the time. I here quote, substanti- ally, what he says of the dark, bloody affair :
"Our garrison, up to two days previous to the attack, consisted of one company of the Second Kansas Colored Infantry, commanded by Lieutenant Cook, and Company D, of the Third Wisconsin Cavalry, commanded by Lieut. John Crites, who had command of the post, but who had been summoned to Fort Scott, leaving Lieut. Cook in command. On this day, the 4th day of October, we were rein- forced by Company C, Third Wisconsin Cav- alry, under Lieutenant Pond, who, on his arri- val, assumed command of the post. Three sides of the camp were protected with logs and earth, thrown up about four feet high. The west
side had been removed the day before, for the purpose of enlarging the camp. On the morn- ing before the fight sixty picked men, with all the teams and wagons, were sent out to forage through the country, leaving a fighting force of twenty-five cavalry and sixty-five or seventy colored infantry, more than half of the white soldiers in the camp having been excused from foraging duty, at the sick call in the morning.
"At twelve o'clock noon, the enemy having quietly, and. without being observed, crept near the camp, suddenly advanced at double- quick and opened fire. The cavalry and col- ored infantry were standing around the fire, while dinner was being taken up, when the en- emy was discovered advancing and firing rap- idly, from the east, south and west. Riding at full gallop, they passed, on the south, between the camp and the men at the cooking sheds, which were outside and about two hundred feet south of the camp. The colored soldiers and the cavalry at dinner made their way the best they could to the camp, the infantry seiz- ing their muskets and the cavalry their car- bines and revolvers, and all commenced a re- turn fire with undaunted bravery. While this attack was being made, the main body of the enemy galloped from the woods skirting Spring River, on the east, and formed in line sixty or eighty rods north of the camp, on the ridge, apparently with the purpose of making a charge upon us, in full force, simultaneously with an attack by the advance, which had passed around the camp, to the west.
"At the first attack Lieutenant Pond had unlimbered the howitzer, manned it the best he could and had loaded it himself with twelve- pound shell. No one of the command knew anything of artillery drill, and. on this account the fuse was not cut. The shot fell short of
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the enemy and did no harm ; but the firing of the cannon gave them notice that \ye had such an instrument of death in our hands. Men never fought more willingly and courageously. For twenty minutes there was a ceaseless rattle of musketry and revolvers and the booming of the cannon. After the first dash the enemy, on the west, retreated, scattered and fought from shelter behind trees and from the north bank of the creek, and at the expiration of half an hour, unaccountably to us, they withdrew from the fight, one by one. The main body, on the north, countermarched back to the woods, and then advanced toward us again, though as if undecided whether to attack us or not. They then returned to the woods again.
"All was now quiet, like the calm after a furious storm, and we had time to make a list of the casualities. Of the forces at the Springs, eight white soldiers and one colored soldier were killed, and about fifteen were wounded, including one woman, shot through the heel, and a little child shot through the lungs. Lieu- tenant Cook and a man who was with him were killed, they being out in the woods practicing with their revolvers at the time. The husband of the wounded woman and the father of the wounded woman and the father of the wound- ed child, were shot, in cold blood, the latter by a cousin and former schoolmate. About six other married men were killed. A teamster, seeing an old acquaintance among the advanc- ing enemy, tossed his revolver toward him, in token of his surrender, was immediately shot through the abdomen, by his former neighbor and friend, and the poor man died in thirty minutes. The colored man who was killed had seen his former master and was running to meet him, with joyous acclaim, as the master stood on the hill across the creek. His master
shot him through the heart, and his body rolled down the hill into the clear water of the brook.
"For an hour or two all was quiet, with the exception of our preparations for another at- tack, which we momentarily expected. We did not know who our enemy was, nor why he had so suddenly left us; but we fully ex- pected him to return. We afterward learned that the enemy was the notorious Ouantrell and his guerrillas.
"About two or three o'clock in the after- noon Maj. B. S. Pfenning, of General Blunt's staff, rode into camp and told us of the mas- sacre on the prairie ; and he called on Lieuten- ant Pond for a volunteer guard of two or three men, to return with him to search for General Blunt, who he believed, was alive and was hid- ing somewhere in the vicinity of the massacre. The guard was furnished ; and soon after the Major left us a messenger, bearing a flag of truce, approached our camp. He brought from Quantrell a request for an exchange of prison- ers. As we had taken no prisoners, Lieuten- ant Pond, as an answer to the request, sent a proposition, that each party should uncondi- tionally release all the prisoners he held. Soon after this, out on the prairie west of us. we heard quick, successive reports of firearms; and it is probable that the prisoners taken by Quantrell were then being shot.
"Soon after this, Ouantrell, at the head of his entire force of about three hundred men, approached our camp, as we had anticipated, formed in line of battle and halted on the south bank of the creek, where Baxter Springs now stands, about eighty rods southwest of our camp. Our men all quietly awaited his charge, prepared and determined to give him a warm reception. The gap on the west side of our camp had been closed, by placing sutler wag-
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ons, poles, rails, ropes and everything else that could be used, and it would have been difficult for cavalry to make a successful charge upon us from that direction, especially as our howit- zer was mounted conspicuously in the front and was happily manned by skilled men who knew artillery practice. Knowing our enemy, all of us, white men and black men, were deter- mined to sell our lives as dearly as possible, and to die rather than to surrender, for to surrender would have been certain death, any way. We remained thus for thirty minutes ; it might have been longer, when he suddenly wheeled and left us, marching southwardly, and, to our great relief, we saw him no more.
"About sundown Major Henning returned to our camp, accompanied by General Blunt. After dark the few wounded men from the prairie came into our camp, one by one. Most of them were so disfigured that they could scarce- ly be identified. All of them had been left on the praire as dead. Jack Arnold came in with five or six wounds in the face, which could not be recognized as belonging to a human being. Others had received from five to eight wounds in different parts of their bodies; but most of the wounds were in the face and head. Those who had escaped being killed did so by feigning to be dead. Even with their wounds, which put them in great pain and suffering, they were rejoiced to find us still alive and in possession of the little fort. It had been generally be- lieved, after the battle with General Blunt's command, that our garrison had been captured in the morning, as Quantrell, when first seen by them, was coming from the direction of the camp. Quantrell's men were dressed in the Federal uniform, and on this account, when seen by General Blunt's command, they were taken to be friends, coming to escort the Gen-
eral and his bodyguard into the fort. General Blunt had halted his command and ordered his headquarters band in front. The members of the band had arranged themselves in posi- tion and had their music in readiness for play- ing a welcome to their supposed friends. Gen- eral Blunt and his staff were in an ambulance, their horses being led by orderlies. All were joyous, in anticipation of an immediate march into our camp, a hearty dinner and a good night's rest among friends. At this moment Quantrell gave the order for a charge upon General Blunt's command. This was instantly obeyed, and the charge came with terrific force, each of Quantrell's men having a revolver in each hand, firing and yelling like demons, which they were. General Blunt's little com- mand was in the worst possible condition suc- cessfully to resist the onslaught. No concerted action could be had. Each must fight or flee for himself, so complete was the surprise and overwhelming the charge. General Blunt gave no command ; for a command would have been of no avail. As their foe his soldiers soon learned that it was Quantrell, who, six weeks before, had sacked and burned Lawrence, and had there murdered two hundred men, in cold blood. For General Blunt's men, or for most of them, there was no possible escape. Only a few got away, and these were on the fleetest horses. The band had a fine wagon, built for their especial use, and they wore elegant uni- forms, with side arms, fancy swords and re- volvers, made not for fighting but for show. They were not enlisted soldiers. Upon realiz- ing the situation, the driver wheeled his horses westward and undertook to escape by rapid driving; but in less than a mile he was over- taken and he and every member of the band were shot dead. Fire was set to the wagon
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and many of their bodies were burned so they could not be identified. Their bodies had been stripped of all valuables.
"General Blunt and Major Curtis, his adju- tant, saw two openings in the enemy's ranks. General Blunt told Major Curtis to run through one of the openings, saying he would try the other. General Blunt escaped ; but the body of Major Curtis was found next day with a bullet through his temple. His revolver lay near him.
"On the 7th of October all our available force was kept busy, from early light until darkness covered the field, searching for the dead and bringing them into camp. Quantrell had done his work thoroughly. Evidently, it was his intention that no man should be left alive. If any mercy was shown, it was that all but one man had been shot through the temple, thus causing instant death. Ninety-three men had been shot down, in cold blood, after surren- dering without firing a gun. These, with the eight men we lost in the battle at the fort, made 101. Quantrell lost only two men, and these were killed in the battle at the fort. It is true history, I believe, though given otherwise by some, that in the battle on the prairie (if it can be called a battle) the Federal soldiers made no stand and did not fire a gun; that they ran as soon as they realized that they were being charged by an enemy, and that many of the men threw away their carbines to lighten their weight.
"General Blunt, with his command, was on his way from Fort Scott to Fort Gibson, where a department had been established for him. He was marching through the country without ex- ercising the precaution of keeping out an ad- vance guard, though it was a time when num- erous marauding bands were going here and there, and when there was momentary liability of being attacked. After suffering this sad misfortune, he desisted from his purpose of g
going on to Fort Gibson, remained in camp at Baxter Springs five or six days and then re- turned to Fort Scott."
It is believed that many more of General Blunt's soldiers were killed than those found on the ground where the massacre took place. Occasionally, for as many as 20 years after the event, human bones were found in the vicinity of Baxter Springs ; and it is believed that they were the bones of some of the men who broke through the ranks of Quantrell's soldiers and were pursued here and there and shot down wherever overtaken. On June 24, 1904, A. S. Dennison, who was sheriff of Cherokee County in the early "eighties" showed me over the grounds where the massacre occurred, and he pointed out the positions of the forces of the two commanders, the place where the dead were buried and many other things of interest in connection with the affair. He also told me that, while sheriff of the county, he found a number of human skulls on the prairie west of Baxter Springs, which he supposed were those of some of the unfortunate victims of the fury and bloody work of the men under Quantrell.
DISCOVERY OF LEAD AND ZINC.
Earlv in the year 1903 lead and zinc were discovered, in paying quantities, just south of Baxter Springs, and since then a number of mines have been opened. Extensive opera- tions are now going on. Prospecting has been extended well into the Indian Territory, but not so far away but that the work is yet within the Baxter Springs district, which gives prom- ise of becoming one of the best districts in all the lead and zinc region.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE WATER POWER ON SPRING RIVER.
Elsewhere mention is largely made of the
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dams which are being built on Spring River for the purpose of generating electric power. Baxter Springs, the center of which is only two and a half miles, on a direct line, from the dam at Lowell, will be supplied with electric power, for all purposes. The electric railroad is to be extended from Galena, by the way of Lowell, to Baxter Springs, and it is expected that it will go out to the mines south of the city, There is no doubt that the city and the imme- diately surrounding country will become a thickly settled, very busy manufacturing dis- trict in the near future.
RESIDENCES.
The following are the names of some of the
people of Baxter Springs who have remained at their posts and have built comfortable, ele- gant homes: John M. Cooper, J. J. Fribley, C. W. Daniels, J. C. Haskett, S. O. Noble, C. F. Noble. T. J. Morrow, R. H. Sands, L. M. Per- kins,]. C. Plumb. F. M. Perkins, W.T.Hartley, James Hartley, Mrs. A.S.Hornor, C. A. Childs, Charles L. Smith, Mrs. Emma Gregg, A. L. Kane, Julius Bischofsberger, William F.Shailer, W. F. Douthat, Mrs. Carrie DeWitt. Willard Shultz, R. J. Hiner, A. Willard, Ed Corey, L. R. Francis, George Haines, Samuel H. Smith, T. Connor, J. B. Opperman, R. Milne, M. H. Eastham, A. D. C. Harvey, R. C. Wear, R. C. Rummel, Capt. J. S. Price, Burton Smith, T. C. Weaver, T. E. Meads and A. C. Direlev.
CHAPTER. XIV.
THE HISTORY OF GALENA AND EMPIR.E CITY
GALENA.
The history of a city is the narration of i he events connected with its founding, the progre « which it has made and the part it takes in the promotion of civilization. The primary motive which leads to all these is that which impels a community to seek higher and better social con- ditions ; to gather about them the comforts of life, establish fixed homes and so to adjust themselves to their environments, mentally and morally, as to give strength and permanency to the tacitly accepted compact which binds them into a municipality. The history of Galena, if written fully and correctly, would embody the acts of many men of rugged char- acters and strong, unyielding purposes, in the pursuit of which the qualities of courage and constant determination have been prominent. The environment has every characteristic ele- ment for the development of such qualities ; but if an individual, not possessing such qualities, has cast his lot in the community, and has essayed to lead a part in the direction of its affairs, his sojourn has been short, or if he has remained and grappled with the exacting conditions, un- der the shifting fortunes of the community, fail- ure has marked his course and he has quietly withdrawn from the fray of the strenuous life required of those who would succeed. Galena affords many examples of "the survival of the
fittest;" but if the history of every undertaking within the limits of its industrial operations were given in detail, there would be the record of many a one who came with the courage which hope inspires, but after a time quietly went away unobserved, leaving but a mere trace of the part which he took in the affairs of the community. Human nature is inclined to the liking of positives, and it has also the disposi- tion to point to instances of successful achieve- ment and almost a fondness for forgetting those who have failed and disappeared.
The name "Galena" would never attach to the place and community now bearing it, were it not for the fact that it designates the physical quality which makes it the greatest lead and zinc mining region in the world. It has no other natural resource that could possibly make it desirable as the habitation of an intelligent, earnest, prosperous people. Situate in a region of rocky hills and gravel-filled valleys, it had, in its primitive state, no attractiveness save to such as were moderate in their purposes, unpre- tentious in their manners and satisfied with a scant, uncertan livelihood. It had to be turned upsicle-down before its apparently inexhausti- ble stores of natural wealth could be revealed. It has been literally torn to pieces ; and even now the earth-markings of the region are such that, if left to the moderate, slow-working pro- cesses of time, they would remain distinct for
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thousands of years, long after its resources have been exhausted and the people who are now making its history have been forgotten.
The stories of the discovery of lead and zinc on the land which became the site of the city of Galena differ in the narratives told by different people. The concrete of these narra- tives is such as embodies the history of the whole. Viewed from the stand-point of any one particular person who was early "on the ground," and who has noted the shifting for- tunes of the community, the aspect is always in- teresting to those who have come later and listened to the story. It is not intended here to give more than a general outline of the be- ginning and the progress of that which has been done; for to tell it all would be to fill a volume of greater size than those read by the people of this age of hurry and intense, business exertion.
Galena is "The City Which Jack Built." It is situate in Lowell township, in the south- east corner of Cherokee County, four miles north of the south line of the State of Kansas, and immediately west of the line separating the states of Kansas and Missouri. It is one and a half miles north of Shoal Creek and two miles east of Spring River. Short Creek separates Galena from Empire City, on the north. The site of the city is naturally hilly, while a general slope toward the northwest. It is on the Fort Scott and Joplin branch of the St. Louis & San Francisco Rail- way system, and on the Parsons and Joplin branch of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Rail- way ; and it is at present the western terminus of the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway, which has its eastern terminus at Carthage, Missouri, 32 miles away.
Up to the year 1S76 it was not generally believed that the land of the present site of Galena was ore-bearing ground. An occasional "shine" had been found, when a tuft of shy
grass was sometimes pulled up, or when an un- fortunate black-jack had been fondled by a "Kansas Breeze" and gently torn out by the roots ; but these had not excited any particular activity, and there had been no marked inrush of feverish prospectors. In fact, it was not un- til the early spring of 1877 that any well defined movement was made toward determining whether "good stuff" might be found. Egidius Moll, a German, owned 160 acres of land, now in the center of the town site of Galena. The land, for farming purposes, was worth about $3 an acre, if worth anything at all. It was the south-east quarter of section 14, township 34. range 25. Moll sat lightly upon the land, for he considered it of very light value. Even after lead and zinc had been discovered in largely paying quantities, he sold 40 acres of the land for $700. Much of the same land, in the matter of royalties paid on the ore taken out and sold, has yielded a thousand dollars an acre, and this without going down to what is now known as "deep ore."
On a Sunday afternoon in the spring of 1877 some young men, by the names of Moll, Evans, Fry and Moorland, chanced to get to- gether and decided to go swimming in a "hole" at the north end of the Moll land. In arranging a spring-board it was necessary to fix one end in the bank of the creek, and in doing this they pulled out some looser stones, finding some of them very heavy. UJpon examining them they proved to be boulders of lead. They took these up to the Moll home and showed them to the owner of the land. The "find" was quickly reported, and in a few days some Joplin mine owners came over. Negotiations followed, under which Moll sold the 40 acres, as I have told in the preceding paragraph, to "Billy" Barnes, "Jake" Massmer and Joseph Hoy, it being the northwest quarter of Moll's quarter section, which is now known as the "Hoy Forty." Moll gave them a guarantee that, if they did not
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take out and sell $700 worth of ore within one year, he would buy the land back at the same consideration. He did not have a chance to buy it back. It is perhaps not wide of the truth to say that the 40 acres have yielded $2,000,000 worth of ore, and it is not yet entirely ex- hausted. No deep mining has been done on it.
Many other rich deposits of ore were dis- covered that spring and summer, and as early as June 19, 1877, the place was incorporated as a city of the third class. May 11, 1888, it was made a city of the second class. The fol- lowing have been mayors in the order in which their names are given : George W. Webb, A. M. McPherson, G. W. Dansenburg, C. O. Stockslager, E. D. Vandergrift, John G. Schmereir, B. S. Moore, A. M. Thomas, Mor- gan Rush, L. K. Moeller, John Page, Val Rich- ards, William Smith. J. P. McCann, O. E. Al- len and Charles L. Sawyer, who is the present mayor.
At the time of the discovery of lead and zinc, Galena had no railroad. It was about the year 1879 that the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad was extended to Galena, from Baxter Springs. The St. Louis & San Fran- cisco Railroad, some time afterward, was ex- tended to Gelena from Joplin, thus giving the place the advantage of two roads, both of which were, in 1901, consolidated, and they are now owned and operated by the last named com- pany. In the summer of 1902 the Parsons and Joplin branch of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway was built through Galena. The elec- tric road was extended to Galena, from Joplin, the distance of seven miles, about the year 1896. It is expectd that this road will be continued on to Baxter Springs during the coming year. These roads have had an immense freight traffic here : and the prospect is that it will be vastly increased as more extensive and deeper min- ing operations shall be carried on. The electric road has done, and is now doing, a very profita-
ble business in the transportation of passengers, and the demand is for improved facilities in this line.
Time would fail one in an attempt to tell of all the old settlers at Galena ; for while many of them remain to this day, and are well-to-do citizens of the place, some have died and others have moved away. The population has been largely an unstable population, as is always the case in towns and cities which grow up and flourish through the shifting fortune of mining operations. Of the people who have come to Galena with the purpose of making it their home, not more than one out of twenty has re- mained, if all classes are included. Many have come, being led chiefly by the spirit of adven- ture common among many classes who drift westwardly in search of favorable turns in their more or less weak-purposed lives; and when fortune has refused to smile upon their ill- directed efforts, they have sought other regions, with the like purposes which led them hither, and others have come to take their places for a while. But through the siftings of population, the city has gradually built up a comparatively large number of permanent residents, most of whom have made their money here and have built comfortable, and in many instances fine, well-appointed, homes and are quietly follow- ing the ways which have led them along in their prosperous lives. Of those who have suc- ceded at all, and have laid by a part of the profits from the various lines of business in which they have been engaged, there is a larger proportion of well-to-do people than are usually found in other cities of its size. Galena has been good to those who have been indus- trious, economical and willing to endure hard- ships and waiting.
From a brief history of Cherokee County, published 21 years ago, in connection with the history of other counties in the State, the follow- ing are given as the names of some of the citi-
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zens of Galena, at that time: H. Andrews, of the firm of Aldrich. Fuller & Andrews, propri- etors of the Excelsior Crushing & Separating Works; Capt. A. Arnold, superintendent of the Maggie Taylor Mining & Smelting Company; Ludwig Baum, dealer in dry goods; F. S. Boice, of the firm of Boice & Fallis, miners and crushers ; J. H. Brown, of the firm of Brown & McMillen, mine operators; Dr. W. H. D. Brown; William H. Chew, superintendent of the Short Creek Lead & Zinc Company : John F. Cody, superintendent of The Cody Crushing Company ; Spencer Cooper, pro- prietor of The Cooper Mining & Crushing Works ; George W. Dansenburg. grocer ; A. F. Davidson, superintendent of the Cornwall Min- ing & Smelting Company; H. S. Davis; Samuel Gates, of the firm of Gates & Lewis, mine oper- ators ; E. F. Guthrie, mine operator in the Stan- ley "diggings;" Daniel W. Hainer. druggist ;G. W. Harper, superintendent of the Sawyer lease; J. E. Leeper. mine operator ; John Lewis, super- intendent of the Galena Lead & Zinc Company ; Wesley Lewis, of the firm of Gates & Lewis; Z. H. Lowdermilk, grocer; A. M. McPherson, superintendent and operator in the Galena Zinc Company; J. B. Martin, credit man of the Cheney Crushing & Separating Works : John G. Miller, civil engineer and surveyor; S. N. Montgomery and B. S. Moore, grocers; George E. Moran, superintendent of the Tousley tract; John C. Murdock, hardware merchant; E. St. George Noble, capitalist ; John Page, superin- tendent of the Illinois Lead & Zinc Company ; E. N. Perry, mine operator in the Stanley "dig- gings:" George PI. Redell. mine operator; Val. Richards, of the firm of Milligan & Richards ; Moses Robeson, of the firm of Williams & Robeson, lumber dealers ; Charles O. Stock- slager, attorney-at-law ; Harry Tamblyn, secre- tary of the Cornwall Mining Company; R. A. Teeter, superintendent of the Teeter Crushing Company, on the Maggie Taylor tract ; Robert
A. Vaughn, mine operator ; William O. Wiley, grocer: W. \Y. Williamson, mine operator; and J. B. Yeager. of the firm of Yeager, Brown & McMillen, mine operators. Many of these do not appear in the list of business men of Galena of today. A few of them are yet engaged in business here, and they are so fixed to Galena that they have no desire to reside elsewhere. Fortune has kindly favored them, and they show their appreciation by remaining in the community where their industry and good management have been duly rewarded. But this can not be said of many who came, made small fortunes and then went away to invest their savings elsewhere.
Of the mining companies and mine opera- tors at Galena at the time of the writing of this chapter, the following list, taken from the Galena Times of July 28, 1904, is gi\ en, though it must not be taken as a full, com] 'ete list of all the companies and individuals engaged in the business. Cooley & Robeson, Murphy, Friel & Company, Hoosier Mining Company, Palmetto Mining Company, Battlefield Mining Company, Owl Mining Company, Southside Mining & Milling Company, Merger Mining Company, Index Mining Company, James Murphy, Clara & Shultz, John Page. Galena Lead & Zinc Company, F. Rohrbaugh, Palmer & Company, Wyandotte Mining Compai y, Maggie Taylor Mining & Smelting Company. New York Zinc Company, H. H. Beckwith. T. S. Hayton, Hacker Zinc & Lead Company. E.
B. Schermerhorn, W. W. P. Clement, McNeal Mining & Milling Company, Pittsburg Lead & Zinc Company, Clara Louise Mining & Mill- ing Company, Deborah Mining Company. G.
C. Monlux. J. M. Pollard Mining Company. California-Buckeye Mining Company, and N< irthcut Brothers.
Galena has had few postmasters. The fol- lowing is the list, in the order in which they served : L. C. Weldv, who is said to have held
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the office about 12 years, Mrs. N. O. Wiley. A. M. McPherson, H. A. Bender, then A. M. Mc- Pherson again, and then William Smith, the incumbent at this time. The office is second- class, and mail is delivered throughout the city by carriers. There is but one rural route from the office.
The following are some of the denomina- tions having church houses in the city of Ga- lena : The Methodist Episcopal, which has a membership of 400, and of which Frank W. Otto is the pastor; the Presbyterian, which has a membership of 150 with Robert Liddell as pastor ; the Baptist, membership not given, with Elder Moore as pastor ; the Christian Church, membership and name of pastor not given ; the Protestant Episcopal Church, membership and name of pastor not given.
The Galena Telephone Company was the first to move in the matter of establishing a system of telephones throughout Cherokee Count}'. Williams & Robeson are the owners of the system, which reaches every village, town and city in the county, and which has connec- tion, by long-distance lines, with the principal cities throughout the Middle-Western States.
One of the most important establishments in Galena is the plant of the Galena Light & Power Company, of which E. St. George Noble is the president. The company has the finest machinery, including a 400-horsepower engine, and another of 200-horsepower. The plant is said to be one of the very best in the State of Kansas.
The Galena Ice Works plant is another en- terprise which reflects credit upon those who have brought it up to its present status. It has a capacity of 50 tons a day, and it is in opera- tion nine months in the year. Besides supply- ing the local demand, which is heavy, the com- pany ships ice to many of the neighboring towns and cities. The water of which the ice is made is absolutely pure ; made so through a
process of filtration and distillation, before it enters the tanks where it is congealed.
Galena has a large number of the most en- ergetic business men that can be found any- where. It is due to their good judgment, per- severance and public spirited care for the in- terests of the city, that it has grown to be the leading business center in the county. The best business men have been called to the direction of public affairs, and, almost without exception, they have done their duties well and faithfully. In 1901 the Legislature made Cherokee County constitute the Eleventh Judicial District of the State of Kansas, giving Galena, annually, three out of the seven terms of court held in the coun- ty. The city, without any expense to the county, provided a fine Court House, on the principal street of the city, one of the most sub- stantial and best furnished buildings in the city. This achievement was the result of a united well directed effort on the part of the business men of the place.
The public schools of Galena are of a high class, and they are the pride of the city. In addition to the four houses heretofore provided, a City High School is now being erected, one which would do credit to any city. The School Board always employs the very best of teach- ers and superintendents, and it makes every other provision for the full effectiveness of the educational facilities placed at their hands.
Among the many who have become wealthy or well-to-do at Galena, and have built them- selves comfortable, well-appointed homes are : Val Richards, George Brown, E. B. Schermer- horn. William F. Sapp, W. B. Stone. J. C. Murdock, M. Pickett. Riley F. Robertson. Dr. J. P. Scoles, C. C. Moore. Lou Winter, M. Robeson, B. Cooley, B. S. Moore. John Mur- dock, J. Shoman, A. M. McPherson, Mrs. Ed. Stice, John O'Riley, H. A. Bender, Morgan Rush, George W. Wheatley, George Kains, John Jarrett, John McCullough, B. S. Moore,
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George Immel. Harry Stough.T. J. Vest, E.W. McNeal, George Dansenburg. William Aach, William Smith, Peter Dansenburg, L. K. Moel- ler. J. C. Moore. George Puckett, John Chap- man, Mr. Lanier, the Hunter sisters, S. C. Westcott, Albert Smith. Mrs. Abbott, Worth Allen. C. L. Sawyer and J. W. Tate.
Galena has many fine business buildings, which are an exponent of the thrift and public spiritedness of some of the people. Among these it is proper to mention those who have taken the lead in matters of the kind and have always worked for the interest of the city, as well as for themselves. J. Shoman. C. C. Moore, William F. Sapp. B. S. Moore. J. C. Murdock, Edward E. Sapp, J. C. Moore and Williams & Robeson are justly entitled to credit for the untiring energy with which they have worked for the upbuilding of the city; but this list does not include all that have helped to push things along.
EMPIRE CITY.
Empire City is situate in the southeastern part of Cherokee County, six miles north of the Indian Territory and Kansas line, and one and a half miles west of the Missouri and Kansas line. It is in the midst of a very hilly, stony district, on the north side of Short Creek. The selection of such a site for the building of a town or city could never be accounted for only for the reason that beneath the surface of the rough and almost impenetrable hills there lay the rich- est deposits of lead and zinc. There is so little soil on the surface of the ground that the peo- ple, except in a few places, do not attempt the growing of any kind of vegetation. In its native condition, before any "instrument of torture" was applied to disturb its restful re- pose, it was shabbily mantled with an adven-
turous grass, except where frequent stony points persisted in remaining bare; and here and there were the hardy black-jack and post- oak, whose perseverance in the struggle even for an unpretentious life was worthy of better things. The tenure of such a region could scarcely be sought by one of human kind other than one in search for an ideal spot where he might live apart from the rest of the race. Here were the cool spring, the rippling brook, the high, rugged hills and the narrow, shut-in valleys, all making the fittest environment for a hermit's home. But it was not thus to re- main. The restless, wandering forerunners of civilization were on their way ; and near by there was already a dim, tortuous path that told of an occasional traveler who passed through the quiet stillness of the place, in search for better things beyond. An awakening was soon to come.
The land on which the original plat of Em- pire City was laid out was a part of the farm of a man by the name of Nichols, who owned 1 20 acres. The whole tract was bought by the West Joplin Zinc Company, for the sum of $7,000. This price, which was fabulous in those days, was indicative of the high value placed upon it on account of the riches which lay beneath the surface of the ungainly land- scape, for a discovery had been made and ex- citement was running high. There was a fever- ish desire to come into the ownership of land in that particular place.
Since beginning the writing of this volume. I have received a letter from Charles E. Top- ping, of Empire City, setting out an interesting account of the discovery of lead and zinc in the bed of Short Creek, just south of the site on which the town was afterwards built. The letter bears so much upon the early, interesting events which took place there, following the discovery, that I give it in full :
Residence of George F. Braun
Residence of Mrs. W. E. Stice
Residence of J. C. Moore
Residence of Val. Richards Residence of Riley F. Robertson
SOME GALENA RESIDENCES
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Empire City, Kansas, June 26, 1904. Mr. N. T. Allison:
Seeing your request, in the Modern Light, for citizens to aid you in making a history of Cherokee County, and having been a settler here in the first years of the discovery of lead, I thought perhaps I might aid you some.
1 came here in June, 1877. The discovery of lead was made in April, of that year. As I was after- wards a partner with John McAllen. one of the men who discovered the lead, 1 had it from his own lips just how the discovery was made.
There was a dim, old road which used to run down what is now Cooper hollow, and it went on west past where the Frisco depot now stands, in Galena; and from that point it went in a north- westerly direction to the Ryan ford on Spring River, where the Ryan bridge now stands. The part of this road running west from where the Frisco depot now stands, to a junction with what .was afterwards called Columbus street in Empire City, later became known, in the exciting times of the two cities, as "Redhot street;" and it was red- hot, sure enough. Columbus street, in Empire City, was the northern continuation of it. It was in April, 1877, that John Shoe and John McAllen were traveling westward on that road, on their way out of Joplin, whence they had been driven as vagrants. They were on their way to the home of John Shoe's mother, who lived on Spring River, near the Ryan ford. Where this road crossed Short Creek, just below where the "Katy" railroad bridge now stands, there was a deep hole washed out in the creek, caused by the creek's butting up against a square bluff, and then turning to the west. Shoe and Mc- Allen arrived at this point in their journey, tired and dusty, from their eight-mile walk from Joplin: and they stopped and went in bathing. They were exxpert divers, as well as swimmers. They bantered each other as to which could bring up the heaviest stone from the bottom of the stream. Finally, one of them brought up a '"rock" which seemed unusu- ally heavy; and when they examined it they found it to be a chunk of lead. This set them to thinking, and they concluded that Short Creek once ran in a straight line across the promontory above this point of rocks, and that this lead had been brought by the water from somewhere to the eastward. They went to the house of one of the Nichols brothers, who then owned the land and lived in a log cabin near where the "Katy" depot now stands, and told them they thought they could find lead on his land, and that if he would furnish them a pick and shovel to dig with they would sink a shaft and give him half they could get out of it. To this, Mr. Nichols
agreed, and he also agreed to board them while sinking it. They went to work and sank a shaft about the middle of the promontory, and this shaft was afterwards known as the "Discovery Shaft." It was but a short time before they had lead ore in abundance.
The news of the discovery soon reached Joplin, and many men came over to look at it. Money was offered the discoverers, and they sold out. How much they got I do not know; but McAllen had only about $75 of his part left when I last saw him. A company was formed, called "The West Joplin Min- ing Company." The company bought out both the Nichols brothers, the owners of the land, and laid it out in mining lots; and they laid off the town of Empire, on the north of it. Galena was laid off, south of the Nichols land.
For nearly a year after this lead discovery, all the lead that was found was found on the company's land; and this company got "foxy," and thought they had "the whole cheese." A part of Redhot street was in Empire and a part in Galena. On the east end of the street, or the part which lay in Galena, a number of men located and did a good business in buying "scrap" or "neutral" lead. They paid more than the company did; and some of the men working for the company would forget to turn in their output until after dark. Then their mineral boxes would be broken open and robbed. It was to stop this, that the idea occurred to the company to build a stockade fence between the two towns. This was built of timber about the size of fence posts, set in a deep ditch, and it was made high enough and- strong enough to turn anything, from a man to a mule; and it was long enough almost to shut out Galena from the outside world, on the north and west sides. Nearly everybody in both towns, except the West Joplin Mining Company, was opposed to the building of this stockade. Early one morning in the fall of 1877 there was a great moise in the direction of Redhot street; and when the people looked that way they saw a big fire. The stockade had been chopped down, saturated with coal oil and was being burned; and there was plenty of another liquid, which was being carried in buckets and delivered to the men who were engaged in the work. The mining company had guards to protect the stockade; but they were conspicuous by their absence, about that time. Only one man \va* hurt; he was one of the workmen who persisted in setting in more posts. He got a shot in the leg. The mob was fired with whisky; and there probably would have been more burning that night, had not cooler heads advised them to desist. The stockade was rebuilt, or an attempt was made to rebuild it.
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An injunction was sued out in the court, and the stockade was declared unlawful. Although the mass of the citizens of Empire was opposed to the stock- ade, and many of the miners in that town assisted in tearing it down, many people in Galena, to this day, have a prejudice against Empire on account of the trouble which arose over it.
Chas. E. Topping.
Empire City was incorporated, as a city of the third class, in the summer of 1877, and S. L. Cheney was elected its first mayor. He served three years, when he was succeeded in office by G. W. Davis. Afterwards N. W. Barren was elected mayor, and he was suc- ceeded by C. L. McClung. Dr. Fletcher Mc- Ginnis, Hugh McKay and J. P. Walters have been mayors of the city ; but I have no infor- mation as to the order of their service.
J. H. Hadley was commissioned the first postmaster of Empire City. The office has been held by J. Shannon, C. L. McClung, then Hugh McKay held it for a long time. Since his term Mrs. Maude Cole and L. M. Dillman have held it in the order of their names, and it is now held by J. P. Walters.
There are two churches in Empire City. — the Baptist Church, of which Elder S. Johnson is the pastor ; and the Catholic Church, of which Father Austin Hull is the priest and pastor.
The city has one school building, a superin- tendent and five teachers. Mr. Shank has been elected superintendent for the school year 1904-5.
The city has a fire department and company, and it owns a fine water works system, having a well 1,000 feet deep. The water from this well is said to be the finest water in the State of Kansas. It is very clear, and an analysis shows it to be almost absolutely pure. The water system is owned by the city, and an ex- cellent service is rendered the people.
In former times, when the mining interests had set Empire City well along, and had made it the most important town of the county, high
hopes were held that it would always maintain first rank. The population increased wonder- fully. Some say that it once had as many as 5,000 people, and that among its citizens were some of the wealthiest men of the county. Re- verses have come, as they will to towns and cities, as well as to men. There is a kind of destiny which shapes the affairs of communi- ties and of states ; something which operates irrespective of the people, however strong their united efforts may be to turn this course to suit themselves. Empire City is not what it for- merly was. Much of its strength is gone ; and its streets, once the scenes of a highly profitable, business activity, are now much deserted .and almost oppressively quiet. But it is believed, by those who are well qualified to judge of such matters, that the town will regain much, and maybe all, of its former glory. The lead and zinc, from which it derived its strength, have not been mined out of one-tenth of the available ground in the immedi- ate neighborhood. Only a beginning has been made. The time is not far hence when deep mining will be undertaken there and found as profitable as it has been shown to be at other places. Hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of ores have been taken from the earth there: but a vastly greater quantity lies there yet undisturbed, only awaiting renewed activity, after surface mining in other parts has run its course.
Some of the older or first settlers deserve to be mentioned here. Among them Hugh Mc- Kay ought to have a prominent place. He was born in Scotland in 1830, and came to the United States when he was 17 years old. He settled in Empire City in 1877. He was post- master, police judge and justice of the peace. He still lives in the town ; but at the writing of this chapter he is in Old Mexico, on business relating to mining interests which he owns there. S. L. Cheney was one of the first set-
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tiers in Empire City, after the discovery of lead and zinc, and he was prominent in the af- fairs of the place. He was the first mayor of the town, and was for many years a leading- citizen. He now lives on a large stock farm which he owns, in Lyon township ; but he is still largely interested in mining operations in the eastern part of the county. William Cave was another prominent citizen of the town, set- tling there about the year 1880. N. B. Cah- telle, a native of Canada, came to Empire City in 1879, and he has been prominent in the af- fairs of the place ever since. Others are : Wil-
liam A. Collins, Dr. George W. Davis. Harri- son McMillen, William Smith, E. Goede, Car- lisle Faulkner, J. L. Heasely, Samuel Finkel- stein, Carl L. Hinkel, R. W. Vaughan, James Murphy, C. L. McClung, J. H. Hadley and N. W. Barren.
Some of the prominent men of Empire City who have more recently been identified with its interests, and have built good, comfortable homes there, are : Thomas Kennedy, James Murphy, Angus McKay, Neill Murphy, Hugh McKay, Jesse Boone, T. H. Ellis, Edward Lane. John T. White and Ralph Standley.
CHAPTER XV.
THE HISTORY OF MINERAL CITY, WEIR CITY, SCAMMON AND LIST OF THE TOWNS OF THE COVNTY
MINERAL CITY.
The land on which Mineral City now stands was formerly owned by Leslie Patterson. He filed a claim on the southeast quarter of sec- tion 6. township 32 range 23, in 1866, being among the very first settlers of Cherokee County. His brother, Johnson Patterson, laid claim to the quarter section just south of the one above described. The brothers came to Kansas at the same time, from Mercer County, Illinois. There were times when they were much discouraged. Droughts, hot winds, floods, grasshoppers and chinch-bugs, with only an occasional good crop, were enough to drive out people of less courage. Even after living on his land nearly 30 years, and after having been led to believe that there was a good stratum of fine coal un- derlying it, Johnson Patterson sold his land for a mere trifle, when compared with the natural riches which his title covered. He sold his quarter section to The Southwestern Develop- ment Company, for $4,000. The royalty on the coal underlying it, at seven cents a ton, would amount to $300 an acre, or $48,000 for the quarter section.
The beginning of the movement for the de- velopment of the coal land in the district now known as the Mineral City district, and which led. as a result, to the building of a town or
city, began about 10 years ago, when a branch of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway was built from Parsons, Kansas, to a point near the northeast corner of Johnson Patterson's farm. The road was built through and under the man- agement of The Southwestern Development Company, the purpose being to secure shipping facilities for the coal which the company de- signed taking out. The company had bought 2,200 acres of coal land, and operations for the taking out of the coal began as soon as the road was finished. It was evident that something was going to be done, and that on a large scale. Workmen were employed in building houses for the miners on the company's land, trades- people established places of business and there was a tacit understanding that a town would be built.
The plat of the original town-site of Min- eral City was filed April 16, 1895. The site contained 126 lots 25 feet by 140 feet, and 42 lots 50 feet by 140 feet, and it was laid off in the southeast corner of Leslie Patterson's farm. Another plat, additional to the original and containing 66 lots, has been laid off since then, just west of the original plat. The growth of the place was at first slow, and there seemed an uncertainty as to whether there would ever be much of a town. The company which built the railroad, having no purpose other than the min- ing: of coal, was not solicitous as to the building
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up of a trading place. The company had then, and yet has, a store of its own, from which the miners may get their supplies, of all kinds. It was not particularly to the interest of the com- pany to have a town of any size spring up : but the tendency could not not be suppressed. At first there was a rivalry for first place, and there was a lively contention over the post office. The company's houses were grouped on a tract of land one mile east of the surveyed and platted town of Mineral City, and the com- pany, after the contention had gone on for some time, secured the establishment of the post office at the east settlement, and the Post Office Department gave it the name of "Mineral." Afterward an office was allowed at the west settlement, and the name "West Mineral" was given it. The company has never platted any of its land into lots for sale. Those who make up the inhabitants of the east settlement live on the company's land. This condition has made it favorable for the building up of the west set- tlement, as the people there may buy lots and build permanent homes and enjoy their owner- ship. Nearly every lot in the original plat is occupied, either by homes or by business houses. Besides this there are many houses in the first addition and a number in a second ad- dition, which has been lately surveyed. The second addition is just north of the original plat. It will be occupied exclusively by resi- dences, some of the best in the town being in course of construction at this time. There is a confidence in the minds of the people, that Mineral will become more than an ordinary trading center for the immediate country about it. The business which the extensive opera- tions now going on have already brought about, with the belief that these operations will be vastly enlarged, as the demand for fuel in- creases, inspires the hope that the place will be- come a city of the second class. It was organ- ized as a city of the third class in 1901, and
since that time much material progress has been made. J. E. Wheatley was the first mayor of the city. He has lived in the place since the first settlement, and he has been earnest and active, with others, in directing its course along safe and conservative lines. N. L. Raymond is the present mayor.
Mineral City is surrounded by as fine a farming community as can be found anywhere in Cherokee County. From the top of a coal shaft building on Leslie Patterson's land, just outside the city, on the north, the view is grand in every direction. That toward the northwest is particularly magnificent. A slight depression scarcely so low as to be called a valley, stretches away as far as the eye can see, while toward the north and toward the west there are other views which can scarcely be surpassed. In fact, look where one may, the view is beautiful al- most to the extent of being enchanting, and one's interest in the scene is deepened through the reflection that beneath the surface of the gently undulating country, which stretches away to the horizon in every direction, there lies the quiet stores of Nature's own provision, now just beginning to be disturbed after a rest of hundreds of thousands of years. This mag- nificent farming country, becoming the better as the years go on, and more reliable because failures come less frequently, is tributary to the town, and there is springing up a feeling of mutual dependence, as well as a spirit of co- operation. Mineral City is getting a large por- tion of the trade which formerly went else- where. The merchants are supplying the wants of the people, and there is a brisk, con- stant trade in the business streets of the young city. As a city, it is only three years old. and yet there are mercantile houses in every line required for supplying the demands of the peo- ple. There are two immense stocks of lumber, large dry goods and clothing houses, a number of grocery houses, besides hardware and furni-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
ture houses. It has a bank, which is doing a good business, and there is every indication that the various lines of business there will soon be enlarged. There is one large school house, with four rooms, and there are two church houses, and more will be built, as the social and religious conditions may require. At present, the Catholic Church, which has a house of wor- ship in East Mineral, and a resident priest, has, perhaps, the largest number of members. The Methodists and the United Brethren come next, in the order given. The Catholics have a paro- chial school in East Mineral. A large portion of the population of Mineral is made up of for- eign-born people, and they are noted for in- dustry and habits of economy. Many of them have gone into the lines of business usually found in cities of this class, — merchants in gro- ceries, dry goods and so forth, while others are carpenters, masons and workmen in the various pursuits of life. Many of them have built good, comfortable homes, and they are helping along in the general effort to advance the material in- terests of the place.
Leslie Patterson and his family, having opened the way for the building of the city, naturally have an abiding interest in it, and they have never faltered in their effort to ad- vance it in every just and profitable way. They encouraged the settlement of industrious, up- right people; they have favored the building of homes, the beautifying of grounds and the gathering of the comforts and conveniences of life among the people; but in all they have done or suggested, they have not been disposed to dictate the course which others should take. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson are well and favorably known by nearly every person living in Mineral City. They have been strictly upright in all their dealings with every class, believing that the way to build up a community and make it a desirable place in which to live is to do justly
in all things and to be oppressive and exacting in none.
Among those who have made permanent settlements in Mineral City, and have built good, comfortable homes, we may mention the following: J. P. Davidson, M. C. Perrine, B, Cross, J. D. Smith, Mr. DeChamp, Henry Dewey. Miss Belle Huntsinger, William John- son, Orville Brenner, Wayne Sargent, J. V. McAnally, Charles Bramlet, J. S. Kenaston, Mrs. Rhea, Mrs. McLeod, N. M. Smith and Leslie Patterson.
As indicating the importance of Mineral City, in a commercial way, the immense amount of shipping done into and from the place may be mentioned. The coal mining industry is the big thing of the place. The beginning of this is what gave rise to the city. It has fostered its growth, and it will continue as the chief business of the community. For about four months of the year, since the coal operations have reached the present volume of production, the shipment of coal is about 2,500 car-loads a month, or nearly 100 car-loads a day. For the remaining eight months of the year the ship- ment is about 1,800 car-loads a month. The merchandise shipped into the place will aggre- gate 360 car-loads a year.
Mineral City, proper, has about 1.200 peo- ple living within its limits, and nearly every family owns the home in which it lives. The community, the building up of which has been brought about by the mining interest, proba- bly includes a population of 3,000.
WEIR CITY
Is situate a little east of the north central part of Cherokee County, two miles south of the Craw- ford County line, and eight miles west of the east line of Cherokee County. The town was
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
U3
built upon land which belonged to T. M. Weir, and it took its name from him. Mr. Weir, who was born in Washington County, Pennsylva- nia, March 2, 1814, came to Cherokee County. Kansas, in 1871, and immediately entered a quarter section of land, upon 40 acres of which the original plat of Weir City was laid out. He began at once to open coal mines. A. J. Weir and H. P. Weir, two of his sons, now live in the city, and they have done much toward build- ing it up.
Besides the Weirs, the following may be mentioned as among the very first settlers : P. E. Brady, John Sullivan, John Hoffman and G. D. Sams. Afterward there came William Hamilton, Edward Baker. Nick Smith, E. E. Holt, Peter Smith, Joseph Bennett and Robert Hogg. Among the first to open coal mines were Fred Blattner, the Oswego Coal Company and Bovard & Dixon. Then came Keith & Perry, and later The Kansas & Texas Coal Company.
When the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad, which later became the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Memphis Railroad, was built through Cherokee County, from north to south, no account was taken of the rich coal deposits as far away from the line as the site where Weir City now stands, although it was only four miles from the track of the road. Bovard & Dixon first opened mines near the present town of Scammon. on the line of the road. Afterward Keith & Perry operated mines there, before opening mines at Weir City. Even as late as 1880, Weir City was a mere mining camp containing only about 350 people. This was nine years after the railroad had been built through the county. The progress of develop- ment in those days was much slower than at the present. At that time long, dreary years dragged by, and even men of means, who were said to possess a lively perception of advantage, and could see well into the future, were slow to
seize upon opportunities which offered sure and largely remunerative returns. The whole State of Kansas was then new. It had been only a few years since the first coal mines had been opened in the State, at Leavenworth ; and these were worked but lightly, for the demand for coal was slight. The attention of the settlers of the State, up to as late as 1875, was directed almost wholly to agriculture, and to the classes of business which agricultural interests would support in the new towns which were springing up. It is true that the railroad companies had an eye to the coal fields, for they knew what the value of such wealth would ultimately be; but the people, as a rule, had not awakened to their importance, beyond the light demands which they would supply at easy effort. Such were the conditions in Cherokee County; and the conditions as they then existed held back the Weir City coal district from early, rapid de- velopment. The first settlers and the first mine operators did not get the best returns from their labor. Coal was produced at merely nominal prices, so low that the operators secured but a narrow margin of profit. But as the popula- tion of the eastern part of the State increased, and the enlargement of railroad systems went on, the demand for fuel was proportionately greater; and with the greater demand there came an opportunity for greater profit. In the chapter on mines and mining I have given the output of the mines of this particular district, along with that of the other mining sections of the county.
Weir City is a city of the second class, and has been such for many years. The following have been the mayors, in the order of their serv- ing: J. Knox Barney. P. E. Brady, B. S. Ab- bott, D. W. King, H. M. Grandle, Thad Har- giss and W. J. Allen. The postmasters have been : J. Knox Barney, Jack Morgan, Wilson Liff. W. P. Kent. J. W. Kirk and S. W. Gould. The salary of the office is $1,700. There are
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
two rural routes, and the office supplies a vast amount of mail matter through its immediate delivery.
The first physicians in Weir City were Dr. J. Knox Barney, Dr. Bailey and Dr. C. W. Hoag. Later there were Dr. J. A. Wallace, Drs. Doan and Pritchard, Dr. I. E. Striker, Dr. D. W. King and Dr. G. B. McClelland. Dr. Hoag is the oldest in residence now, having lived here since 1881. The physicians now located in the city are Drs. Hoag, McClelland and J. H, Boss. Dr. Boss is the county coroner.
The water works and the electric light plant of Weir City are owned and operated by a pri- vate company, and from each of them the city gets prompt and efficient service. A fire de- partment is maintained, and the streets of the city are well lighted. A large ice plant is also in successful operation which, besides supplying the local demand, ships large quantities to other towns and cities.
Weir City, like all other Kansas communi- ties, takes a pride in its public schoods. There are three fine buildings, in different parts of the city, and there are 17 teachers employed. George B. Deem was the superintendent last year, and for many years preceding. R. Ran- kin will be superintendent for the year 1904-05.
The Baptist, Catholic, Methodist and Pres- byterian churches have church organizations and buildings. Of these the Catholic Church is the strongest in number, with the Methodist following.
The population of Weir City in 1880 was about 350. It has had a steady growth, and at the last census, in 1900, its population was 3,091. The building of the Weir City branch of the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Memphis road, which leaves the main line at Scammon, runs through Weir City and Pittsburg and re- turns to the main line at Girard, gave an im- petus to the growth of the place and very large- ly increased its commercial importance. The
city also has railroad' connections west with Parsons, Kansas, and on to the gas and oil fields west and southwest of the latter place.
Weir City has its share of what are called secret orders, — Masons, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Sons and Daughters of Justice, Knights and Ladies of Security, Rebekahs, Or- der of the Eastern Star and the Degree of Honor. Black Diamond Lodge, No. 274, A. F. & A. M., was organized and chartered Feb- ruary 16, 1887. David B. White is the master ; Robert Hogg is the secretary.
Among those who have built commodious comfortable homes in Weir City, the follow- ing may be mentioned : A. J. Weir, A. B Cockrill, David Crow, Edward Baker, William Hamilton, Harvey Smith, B. S. Abbott, Hor- ace Hayden, Rome Allen, Joseph Bennett, Dr. Hoag, Fred Grant and W. M. Pye.
SCAMMON
Is situate near the center of the west tier of sections in Mineral township, Cherokee County, Kansas, near the east edge of the coal fields and in the midst of a very active mining district. Coal mining gave rise to the town, and it is through this industry that it was finally built up to the proportions of a city of the second class. For farming purposes the lands about the place would not rank as first class, though many of the farmers who came early to the county and settled in the neighborhood have become well-to-do.
The lands in the community of Scammon were taken as claims early in the history of Cherokee County. E. C. Scammon first owned the quarter section just north of the present site of the place. Samuel F. Scammon took a claim northwest of this, and James Coman, who came to the county in 1868, took the quarter section west of the site of the present town. The quar-
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
175
ter section to the southeast was taken by James Burns. He sold it to M. J. Callahan, and Cal- lahan sold it to Bovard & Dixon, some time after coal mining was begun. The discovery of coal was made by James Coman.
The first coal shaft was put down by E. A. Scammon, S. F. Scammon and E. C. Scam- mon, all of whom came early to that part of the county. This shaft was on E. C. Scammon's land, just east of the railroad track, near what is now known as Mackie's Junction, where the Weir branch of the railroad leaves the main line, and about one mile north of the present city. There was not much demand for coal then, and for this reason the operations were not large. Only a few men were employed. It was the first coal mining done in Kansas, south of the Leavenworth coal district. The big coal deposits of Crawford County, just north of Cherokee County, had not been touched. In that county the coal region is sev- eral miles east of the main line of the railroad, and it was practically unknown. It has since become the biggest mining center in the State of Kansas, with Cherokee County as the second largest in the State. The vastly increased de- mand for fuel, due to the enlarged railroad operations and to the great increase in popu- lation, led to the rapid and extensive develop- ment of the coal region in both counties, and to the building up of many small towns and a goodly number of cities which have be- come important local centers of trade.
It was not until the spring of 1871 that the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad was finished through Cherokee County. It passed through the tract of land on which the town of Scammon was afterward built; but for a number of years after the road was built there was no town there at all. Even as late as 1883 the land there, and all around, was in farms, and the people living there had no ex- pectation that anything beyond a mere vil- 10
lage would ever be found there. At that time there was but one store, and that was of rude pretensions, kept for supplying the very lim- ited demand which arose out of the simple wants of the few people who had settled there to till the soil and to raise stock on the broad prai- ries, which extended in every direction. True, there were by this time three coal shafts in operation, and a coal company, composed of Keith and Mitchell, who had bought out the Scammon brothers, was in control of the busi- ness ; but no large expectations had been aroused, and it was not known but that, when the coal had been taken out of the immediate vicinity, operations would cease. However, the men who had had experience in matters of the kind, in the older States, and some in for- eign countries, and had seen the growing de- mand for fuel where populations were denser, and where industrial enterprises were carried on extensively, believed that this county would some day be the scene of large mining opera- tions. But they did not come for the purpose of building towns and cities ; they came to en- gage in the coal mining business, and to make ready for supplying a demand which they believed would some day become enormous. The results have shown that they were cor- rect in their foresight.
The Scammon Town Company was incor- porated March 15, 1884, with E. C. Scammon as president of the company, and D. Mackie as secretary. The stock of the company was held as follows : Keith & Perry, 72 shares ; R. H. Keith, one share; John Perry, one share; D. Mackie, one share ; S. F. Scammon, E. C. Scammon and E. A. Scammon, each 25 shares. The village was incorporated as a city of the third class July 5, 1888, and the first officers were as follows : P. M. Humphrey, mayor ; L. W. Kendall, police judge; J. P. Rafter, J. J. Wooten, Charles Brown, J. J. Pullen and Tohn T. Stewart, couucilmen ; J. N. McDonald,
176
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
clerk. The other mayors have been : R. E. Gardiner, R. S. Mahan, J. N. McDonald, George K. Mackie, J. H. Guinn, J. N. Mc- Donald again, Robert Gilhnore, T. B. Pryor and R. M. Markham. Perhaps no town or city in Cherokee County has been better gov- erned than Scammon. Its public men are wise, prudent and conservative, and they have not let a day pass without guarding the best interests of the place. They have encouraged home owning, with all its good effects upon society and the material upbuilding of the community. Lots have been sold at low prices, in order to bring them within the reach of the less for- tunate classes, and other inducements have been held out for aiding those who were anxious to get homes. For a number of years, D. Mackie, Jr., was the local agent for The Inter-State Building & Loan Association, of Bloomington, Illinois. Through him many persons took stock in the association and began the work of home building. After some years the com- pany failed, and a number of the stockholders, including Mr. Mackie. suffered loss; but the community has recovered from it, and the homes are now free from debt. There were no foreclosures.
The first store opened in Scammon, not to speak of the old company store which used to stand near the first shaft, on the E. C. Scam- mon farm, was that of DuPage & Hovey, about the year 1885. Then Samuel Barrett put in a drug store, and this was followed by Peter Graham, who put in a grocery store. There was no lumber yard until 1890, when J. T. Small established one. Before this, about 1 886, Griffin Brothers opened a hardware store, but it was destroyed by fire not long after it was opened.
W. S. Norton went to Scammon about the year 1883 and began mining, and not many years thereafter he opened a store, in connec- tion with the mines, and did a big business.
He was one of the most successful mine opera- tors ever in the district. As among the lead- ing men of the place, particularly among those connected with the coal business, D. Mackie is perhaps the most prominent, and he is among those who have done most in building up the social and material interests of the place. Mr. Mackie has been manager of the mines for The Central Coal & Coke Company ever since he came to Scammon, in 1884, his duties calling him wherever the company's mines are located, in several different States and Territories ; but he has been partial to Scammon, for here he has made his home, and here he has his children, all now grown, gathered about him. Among other persons who have been active and hearty in their efforts to build up the city, these may be mentioned : D. Mackie, Jr., J. N. McDonald, George K. Mackie, Patrick McNamara, W. B. Pixley, Joseph Batten, J. W. Hooper, J. R. Hisle. J. T. Small, Thomas Moran, James Crumrine, Rob- ert Gilhnore and J. J. Wooten.
The city has a large public school building, one of the finest in the county ; but there is need for the enlargement of the school facilities, and another building will be erected. The city owns the water system put in a few years ago, at a cost of about $20,000 ; and the building of a plant for lighting purposes is now contem- plated.
The commercial importance of Scammon may be judged, in part, from the amount of business done at the railroad station in the city. The coal shipments, in quantity, amount to 1.750 car-loads a month, or 57.750 tons. Other shipments, in and out. will amount to 600 car-loads a year. The freight receipts of the railroad at Scammon, it is believed, will amount to $30,000 a month. The express receipts are about $500 a month.
The Arkansas, Missouri & Kansas Rail- road Company is now building a line of road
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
177
through Cherokee County, as has heen noted in the chapter on railroads. This is to pass through Scammon. Work is going forward on this undertaking, and at this time (August 31, 1904) it is expected that the road will be in operation by the first of next June. This will add much to the material interests of the city, as the road, it is understood, is to run from Memphis, Tennessee, into the grain fields of Kansas and Nebraska. Its crossing of the St. Louis & San Francisco road at Scammon will make the place of more than ordinary import- ance as a railroad center.
The following are the names of those who have built good, comfortable homes in Scam- mon : Dr. R. M. Markham, George K. Mackie, Hugh Reid. D. Mackie, John Eisen- hart, D. Mackie, Jr., E. Kelly, William Winn, J. T. Small, J. N. McDonald. C. R. Keiter, Dr. H. H. Brookhart, T. C. Lewis, T. B. Pryor, J. P. Rafter. John Morton, L. J. Hisle, Thomas S. Keith, J. R. Hisle, W. H. Burkhart, Joseph Keith and Patrick Ouinn.
THE TOWNS OF THE COUNTY.
Within the last eight years many little towns of the county have been brought into ex- istence and now have a place on the county map. In every case this has been brought about either by the opening of new mines or by the coming of a railroad.
Cherokee township, in which Weir City is located, has no towns. Weir City seems to supply the trade which the people there de- mand.
Mineral township, besides the city of Scam- mon, has Turck, Stippville and West Weir.
Ross township has, besides Mineral City, — Stone City, Roseland, Cokedale, Folsom and Skidmore.
Sheridan township has Sherman City, the only village in the county, situate on the Par- sons-Joplin branch of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway. The village is in the midst of the best farming district of the county.
Lola township has two towns : Hallowell and Sherwin Junction, both on the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway, and the latter being at the crossing of that road and the Missouri Pacific road. Both are places of local im- portance.
Salamanca township has no small towns. The trade interests of Columbus supply all the surrounding country, and there is no need of other centers.
Crawford township has a part of Colum- bus, and it also has a little trade center at Quaker Valley, a small station of the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas Railway.
Shawnee township has Crestline, one of the oldest places in Cherokee County, and Peacock City, a small mining place, which also includes the place known as "Badger Mines."
Pleasant View township has the town of Pleasant View, which was the first county seat, and Lawton, a little mining place recently established.
Lowell township, besides Galena and Em- pire City, has Lowell and Varck.
Spring Valley township, besides Baxter Springs, has the town of Neutral, on the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway, half way be- tween Baxter Springs and Columbus.
Lyon township has only the small town of Keelville, in the west central part of the town- ship.
Neosho township has Faulkner, on the Missouri Pacific Railway, in the north-central part of the township, and Melrose, inland, in the southeast part of the township.
CHAPTER XVI.
THE EX-VNION SOLDIERS OF CHEROKEE COVNTY
List of the Ex-Union Soldiers of the County — The Ex-Union Soldiers' Inter- State Reunion.
The ex-Union soldiers who have lived, and those who yet live, in Cherokee County have been, and are yet, a large factor in its popula- tion, as the list which I give in this chapter will show. It is not claimed that the list is per- fect ; but, as much care has been given the mat- ter, it will be found reliable in most respects. The list contains the names of many who have moved from the county, as well as a large num- ber who have died since their names were ob- tained. These particulars cannot now be given, except in instances where they are well known. The list will not show other than the name, the rank, the company and regiment in which the soldier served, and the postoffice address.
list of the ex-union soldiers of the county.
Agard, John G., — Priv., Co. A, 37th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Allen, James H., — Priv., Co. H, 19th Kan., U. S. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Applegate, Samuel L., — Priv., Co. C, 8th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Adams, Jesse, — Priv., Co. H, 5th Ky. Cav. Galena, Kan.
Adams, W. A., — Priv., Co. K, 2d Ark. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Andrews, Henry, — Priv., 7th N. Y. Art., Galena, Kan.
Ash, E., — Co. A., I22d 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Aikens, John, — Ord. Serg., 29th U. S. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Ash, J. W.,— Priv., Co. C, 122th 111. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Akes, Smith,— Priv., Co. A, 4th Mo. Cav., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Austin, Horace,— Capt., Co. K, 105th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Allen, Martin L., — Priv., Co. I, 49th Mo. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Anderson, Geo. W., — Serg., Co. C, 4th U. S. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Adams, Samuel C, — Priv., Co. C, 22d Penn. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Archer, James P.,— Priv., Co. A, 6th Kan. Cav., (dead).
Anderson, T. P.— Capt., Co. F, 64th U. S. Inf., Kansas City. Kan.
Anderson, T. P.,— Priv., Co. F, 10th Mo. Inf., (P. O. unknown).
Alfred, Otis,— Priv., Co. F, 9th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Allison, N. T.,— Priv., Co. G, 28th 111 Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Aldous, George, — Priv., Co. C, 56th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Aultman, E. C, — Corp.. Co. A, Benton Cadets, Melrose, Kan.
Amos, W. H.,— Corp., Co. K, 58th Ind. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Allen, John,— Priv., Co. H, 72d Mo. Cav.. Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Abbott, J. H.,— Corp., Co. I, nth Ind. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Amos, Jesse T., — Priv., Co. F, 30th Ind. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Arehart, C. D.,— Priv., Co. D. 21st Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Allen, W. H.,— Corp., Co. C, 44th III. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
179
Allman, James, — Priv., Co. E, 7th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Andrews, James, — Priv., Co. I, 38th Wis. Inf., Waco, Mo.
Allen, Z. H.,— Priv, Co. C, 14th lnd. Inf., Hal- lovvell, Kan.
Allen, A. J,— 1st Lt, Co. B, 14th la. Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Amos, F. M. B,— Priv, Co. C, 10th lnd. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Allen, James, — Priv, Co. E, 6th lnd. Inf., Star Valley, Kan.
Allen, Joseph, — Priv, Co. D, 48th lnd. Inf., Star Valley, Kan.
Asher, Thomas, — Priv, Co. I, 16th Kan. Cav, Scammon, Kan.
Asher, John, — Priv, Co. I, 16th Kan. Cav, Scammon, Kan.
Anderson, T. J,— Priv, Co. E, 16th Mo. Militia, Waco, Mo.
Allen, W. P,— Priv, Co. I, 91st 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Allen, Ruel C.,— Priv, Co. A, 136th N. Y. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Bradshaw, H. C,— Priv, Co. H, 24th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Bender, H. A, — Serg, Co. E, 194th Penn. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Buchman, Joseph, — Priv, Co. M, 1st la. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Barney, Jas. S, — Priv, Co. D, 9th lnd. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Brown, M. H. D,— Hos. St'd, Co. A, 8th U. S. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Brandon, Thomas, — Priv, Co. H, 12th 111. Res. Corps. Galena, Kan.
Belston, Joseph, — Corp, Co. G, 1st O. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Balch, A. J, — Corp, Co. I, 92d O. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Belford, W. W,— 1st Lt, Co. C, 2d O. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Blunk, A. J, — Priv, Co. D, 32d la. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Burge. N. T,— Corp, Co. B, 5th Mo. Militia, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Boyer, Jacob B, — Serg, Co. E, 5th O. Cav, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Burris, James, — Priv, Co. D, 63d O. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Beck, Louis, — Priv, Co. H, 3d Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Bridges. M. S,— Priv, Co. I. 154th III. Inf., Lowell, Kan.
Burwick, William, — Priv, Co. B, 21st Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Bramball, G. S,— Priv, Co. A, 103d 111. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Bingaman, Peter, — Priv, 2d Kan. Art, Galena, Kan.
Brown, B. F,— Priv, Co. D, 87th lnd. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Brewster, S. M.,— Ord. Serg, 3d N. Y. Art, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Burns, Thomas, — 2d Lt, Co. I, 154th 111. Inf., Columbus. Kan.
Botorff, Jas. T„— Priv, Co. I, 98th 111. Mt. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Berry, J. S.— Priv, Co. C, 44th lnd. Inf., Opolis, Kan.
Bird, Richard, — Priv, Co. B, 2d Tex. Cav, Weir, Kan.
Bennett, O. H,— Priv, Co. D, 3d Mo. Militia, Waco, Mo.
Baker, William,— Ord. Serg, Co. K, 1st 111. Cav, Columbus, Kan.
Bloomfield. A. A, — Lieut, Co. C, 51st lnd. Inf., (dead).
Baxter, Joseph H, — Corp, Co. F, 146th lnd. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Barger, Alex, — Priv, Co. G, 1st O. Art, Co- lumbus, Kan.
Brown. Elijah F, — Priv, Co. F, 5th Kan. Cav, Columbus, Kan.
Bernine, Jacob D,— Priv, Co. K, 2d 111. Lt. Art, Columbus, Kan.
Burchfield, C. P.— Serg, Co. I, 17th Ky. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Brophy, Michael, — Priv, Co. C, 45th Penn. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Brown, Samuel W, — Priv, Co. K, 5th Tenn. Mt. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Barney, T. W,— Priv, Co. I, 45th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Burk, W. L,— Priv, Co. B, 10th Kan. Inf., (dead).
Brooks, W. E,— Priv, Co. I, 16th la. Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Brown, T. W, — Priv, Tex. Cav, Columbus, Kan.
Bliss, D. M,— Priv, Co. D, 1st \V. Va. Art, Columbus, Kan.
Benn, J. H,— Priv, Co. K, 49th Mo. Cav. (dead).
Bell, James,— Priv, Co. E, 16th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Bray, Sion P„— 2d Lt, Co. H, 64th Mo. Cav, Columbus, Kan.
Brown. N. C,— Priv, Co. K. 137th N. Y. Inf., Columbus. Kan.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Bryan, S., — Priv., O. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Bell, J. M.,— Priv., Co. C. 16th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Burnett, Geo., — Serg., Co. B, mth U. S. Inf., Keelville, Kan.
Boyer, Ralph, — Corp., Co. E, 78th Penn. Inf., Keelville, Kan.
Beal, G. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 23 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Brown, Thomas, — Priv., Co. K, 12th Mich. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Beaston, J. A., — Priv., Co. C, 119th 111. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Butler, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. B. 47th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Black, Wm. C.,— Priv., Co. C, 8th Kan. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Boucher, N., — Corp., Co. E, 12th 111. Cav., Ga- lena, Kan.
Byrant, A. J.,— Priv., Co. F, 7th Mo. Cav., Ga- lena, Kan.
% Betty, Robert C— Priv., Co. D, 126th 111. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Burrows, G. R.,— Priv., Co. H, 72c! O. Inf. (P. O. unknown).
Beeman, A. R.,— Priv., Co. F, 22d O. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Burton, George, — Priv., Co. D, 37th 111. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Burrows, J. R., — Priv., Co. E, 61st 111. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Bailey, Geo. H.,— Priv., Co. K, 1st Mich. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Briggs, J. A.,— Priv., Co. A, 91st 111. Inf. (dead.)
Barmore, R. M., — Corp., Co. A, 153d 111. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Bidler, F.,— Priv., Co. E, 41st 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Bratton, Jas. T., — Priv., Co. C, Kan. Militia (dead).
Brubaker, D. B.,— Priv., Co. C, 163d O. Nat. Guard (P. O. unknown).
Beach, Ira, — Priv., Co. D, 46th la. Inf., Sherwin, Kan.
Beekman, W. J., — Bugler, Co. A, 1st la. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Barrick, Geo. M.,— 1st Lt., 6th O. S. Shoos., Hallowell, Kan.
Barnes, Austin, — Priv., Co. G, 45th la. Inf., Starvale, Kan.
Browning, V. L., — Priv., Co. D, 3d Mo. Cav., Mineral, Kan.
Beggs, Arch.,— Priv., Co. F, 80th 111. Inf., Min- eral, Kan.
Bowers, James, — Priv., Co. C, 157th O. Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Baker, H. L.,— Priv., Co. L, 2d 111. Art., Colum- bus, Kan.
Bates, Uriah,— 1st Lt., Co. E, 5th Mo. Cav., Cherokee, Kan.
Branson, W. W.,— Priv., Co. G, 74th O. Inf., Cherokee, Kan.
Boyer, William, — Corp., Co. E, 9th III. Int., Cherokee, Kan.
Burris, Job H.,— Priv., Co. I, 14th III. Inf., McCune, Kan.
Bland, William— Priv., Co. I, 154th 111. Inf., McCune, Kan.
Brook, T. W.,— Priv., Co. D, 60th 111. Inf., Sher- man, Kan.
Brook, Jas. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 60th 111, Inf., Sherman, Kan.
Baird, W. W.— Priv., Co. K, 10th 111. Inf., Star- vale, Kan.
Barker, John M.,— Priv., Co. H, 2d Mo. Art. Scammon, Kan.
Baird, Giles H.,— Priv., Co. G, 2d 111. Cav., Cher- okee. Kan.
Buchanan, L. A. — Priv., Co. G, 2d Mo. Cav., Scammon, Kan.
Dickie, John C— Priv., Co. K, 139th Mo. Inf., Scammon, Kan.
Brundage, G. W.,— Priv., Co. A, 78th 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Brownfield, A. S.,— Capt, Co. F, 7th O. Cav., Cherokee, Kan.
Barber, W. A.,— D. Maj., Co. G, 61st 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Babcoke, Thos. J., — Serg., Mo. Cav., Opolis, Kan.
Baker, Henry J., — Priv., 101st Ind. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Bartholomew, J. C, — 2d Lt., Co. K, 20th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Crane, J. J.. — Corp. Co. F, 50th Mo. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Craig, John W., — Priv., Co. K, 49th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Cobb, A. S., — Capt, Co. H, I42d Ind. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Cave, William, — Priv., Co. A, 91st 111. In., Ga- lena, Kan.
Crocker, S. W., — Priv., Co. A, 12th Kan. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Clark, Thomas, — Serg., Co. I, 18th la. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Culp, Josiah, — Priv., Co. C, 117th O. Inf.. Ga- lena, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
i8x
Clift, George,— Priv., Co. L, 8th Mo. Cav., Ga- lena. Kan.
Cooper, Spencer, — Corp., Co. D, 39th O. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Clifton, C. J., -Priv., Co. D, 107th 111. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Coffer, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. H, 64th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Chubb, H. W.,— Priv., Co. G, 2d Cal. Cav.. Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Carroll, H.,— Serg., Co. B, 6th O. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Cooper, Jos. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 7th 111. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Cordry, John, — Priv., Co. D, 7th Ind. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Crowell, B. F., — Priv., Co. A, Mo. Cav., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Corrigan, Nathan, — Priv., Kans. Militia, Empire City, Kan.
. Cooper, John M., — Corp., Co. K, 16th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Couch, W. A. — Corp., Co. A, 44th Mo. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Carlton, Jas. M., — Priv., Co. F, 2d Ky. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Clinebell, W. L.,— Priv., Co. C, 14th Mo. Cav., Empire City, Kan.
Cole, James, — Priv., Co. C, 25th Wis. Inf., Em- pire City, Kan.
Conn, Wm. C.,— Priv., Co. D, 144th O. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Coffern, J. F„— Corp., Co. C, 2d Kan. Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Craig, Sam'l., — Priv., Co. F, 2d la. Cav., Colum- bus, Kan.
Cookston, Thos. S.,— Priv., Co. F, I32d O. N. G . Columbus, Kan.
Coleman, H. T., — Priv., Co. H, 54th Ind. Inf.. Columbus, Kan.
Chew, Wm. H.,— Corp., Co. F, 81st 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Cook, Wm. H.,— Priv., Co. B, nth Tenn. Cav., Weir, Kan.
Crissman, J., — Priv., Co. C, 1st Penn. Cav.. Rocky Ford, Colo.
Coy, George, — Priv., Co. B, nth Ind. Cav., Chetopa, Kan.
Clavvson, S. F.,— Serg., Co. K, 19th O. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Cole, A. J.,— Priv., Co. F, 13th Kan. Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Chubb, J. W.,— Priv., Co. A, 74th 111. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Callis, William,— Priv., Co. B., 20th Mich. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Childers, Geo. W., — Priv., Co. A, 4th Ky. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Cooper, Isaiah, — Capt, Co. K, 99th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Cobble, Benjamin, — Priv., Ind. Inf., Neutral, Kan.
Cavanaugh, M. C, — Priv., Co. B, 49th Wis. Inf., Lowell, Kan.
Covert, Peter, — Priv., Co. G, 51st Mo. Inf., Lowell, Kan.
Carney, Daniel, — Priv.. Co. H, 15th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Chew, L. A.,— Priv., Co. B, 81st 111. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Carney, J. W., — Corp., Co. A, 80th Mo. Militia, Galena, Kan.
Cowell, Benj. F.,— Capt., Co. H, 28th 111. Inf., (dead).
Corey, Jamgs L., — Priv., Co. C, 70th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Caspri, John, — Priv., Co. E, 47th 111. Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Clark, G. W.,— Priv., Co. A, 6th Kan. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Clark, Oscar N.,— Priv., Co. D, 51st Mo. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Carter, George,— Priv., Co. G, 10th Tenn. Inf., Boston Mills, Kan.
Corkle, Joseph, — Priv., Co. H, 21st O. Inf., Hal- lovvell, Kan.
Chidister, James, — Priv., Co. E, 1st O. Cav., Crestline, Kan.
Cook, Samuel R.,— Priv., Co. E, 75th 111. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Crain, A. J.— Priv., Co. D, 151st 111. Inf.. Hal- lowell, Kan.
Cooter, E. W.,— 1st Lt., Co. A, Kan. Militia, Columbus, Kan.
Craig, William,— Priv., Co. K, 8th la. Cav., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Carter, Joseph R.,— Priv., Co. C, 96th O. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Cunningham, Sam'l.,— Priv., Co. I, 98th O. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Clark, David L.,— Priv., Co. E, 22d 111. Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Coultraine, I. M.,— Priv., Co. F, nth Ind. Cav., Starvale, Kan.
Craig, John W.,— Priv., Co. A, 31st 111. Inf., Starvale, Kan.
Curry, Robert— Priv., Co. C, 8th Ind., Inf., McCune, Kan.
1 82
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Crawford, J. H.,— Priv.. Co. C, 34th 111. Cav., Starvale, Kan.
Christalier, Win. — Priv., Co. G. 18th la. Inf., Monmouth, Kan.
Coover, Joseph W., — Priv.. Co. C, 1st Perm. Inf., Sherwin, Kan.
Copper, N. — Priv., Co. G, 2d Ind. Inf., Cherokee, Kan.
Crossley, William,— Priv., Co. B, 100th N. Y. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Cunningham, Joseph, — Serg., Co. G, 73d 111. Inf.. Cherokee, Kan.
Cooper, Win. H.,— Priv., Co. C, I02d 111. Inf., Opolis. Kan.
Cooper, C. E., — Priv., (company, regiment and P. O. unknown).
Codding, W. T. ,— Priv., Co. E, 43d 111. Top. En- gineers, Opolis, Kan.
Coon, F.,— Priv., Co. F, 1st Neb. Cav., Cher- okee, Kan.
Coonrod, J. F.,— Priv., Co. D, I22d 111. Inf.. Crestline, Kan.
Crage, J. M., — Surg., 134th Ind. Inf., Baxte- Springs, Kan.
Davis, Hiram,— Priv., Co. E, 117th Hi. Inf.. Galena, Kan.
Dunham, J. W.,— Priv., Co. C. 1st O. H. Art., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Daniels, Chas. W.,— Priv., Co. E, 8th 111. Inf. Baxter Springs, Kan.
Danglade, J. B.,— Priv., Co. C, 3d Ind. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Day, S. A.,— Priv., Co. G, 136th 111. Inf.. Baxter Springs, Kan.
Dale, W. H.,— Priv., Co. H, 2d 111. Lt. Art- Empire City, Kan.
Doty, Morris, — Priv., Co. G, 93d O. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Dunn, Charles— Priv., Co. H, 136th 111. Inf.. Baxter Springs, Kan.
Duncan, J. M.,— Priv., Co. C, 78th 111. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Dover, Isaac L., — Priv., Co. F, 10th Tenn. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Doran, J. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 71st 111. (dead).
Deem, D. A., — Serg., Co. I, 13th Kan. Cav. (dead).
Davis, Charles, — Priv., Co. E, 6th 111. Cav.. Co- lumbus, Kan.
Deane, Perry,— Priv., Co. E, 1st W. Va. Lt. Art- Weir, Kan.
Davis, J.. W., — Priv., Co. D, 109th Pcnn. Inf., Weir, Kan. l
Daugherty, D. M., — Priv., Co. E, nth Mo. Cav. (dead).
Dalby, Albert— Serg., Co. C, 25th 111. Inf., Faulkner, Kan.
Duncan, Thomas R.,— Priv., Co. D, 81st 111. Inf., Faulkner, Kan.
Davison, F M.,— Priv., Co. I, 7th U. S. Cav., Keeiville, Kan.
Dill, John S.,— Priv., Co. K, 34th la. Inf., Keei- ville, Kan.
Delany, W. T.,— Priv., Co. H, 47th III. Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Dutton, M. M..— Priv., Co. F, 91st 111. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Dove, John, — Priv., Co. C. 33d Ind. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Dugan, F. M.,— Priv., Co. I, 12th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Davis, H. M.,— Priv., Co. F, 3d Wis. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Davis, Silas C— Priv., Co. F, 8th Mo. Inf., Hal- lowell, Kan.
Denney, E. D., — Capt., Co. H, 5th Ohio Cav., Crestline, Kan.
Deem, John W., — Serg., Co. A, 15th Kan. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Davis, M. J.,— Priv., Co. K, 1st Minn. H. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Dillon. A. H.,— Priv., Co. F, 179th O. Inf., Co- lumbus. Kan.
Dillon, W. C— Serg., Co. M, 9th 111. Cav., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Davis, L. D.,— Corp., Co. A, 28th 111. Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Doss. A. A., — Serg., Co. A, 2d Mo. Cav., Opolis, Kansas.
Daulton, Geo. W., — Serg., Co. F. 1st Ky. Cav., Weir, Kan.
Downey, J. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 42d 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Douglass, F. B., — Corp.. Co. H, 29th la. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Duncan, Alexander, — Serg., Co. K. 103d Penn. Inf., Weir. Kan.
Dewitt, C, — Priv., Co. H, 95th Ind. Inf., Opolis, Kan.
Davis, W. H.,— Priv., Co. C, 16th Penn. Cav.. Weir, Kan.
Dugger, W. H.,— Priv., Co. A. 13th Tenn. Cav., Pleasant View, Kan.
Dobson, William.— Priv.. Co. B, 16th 111. Inf.. Weir, Kan.
Dale, William— Priv., Co. H, 2d 111. Lt. Art., Empire City, Kan.
Evans, William J.,— Priv., Co. B, 48th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Eastman, C. O., — Priv., Co. K. 52d Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
183
Easley, Barton, W.,— Priv., Co. G, 16th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Edwards, Oliver, — Priv., Co. A, 69th Ind. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Ellis, B. M.,— Priv., Co. M, nth 111. Cav., Em- pire City, Kan.
Easley, Jefferson, — Hos. St'd, Co. K, 10th 111. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Evans, Lorenzo, — Priv., Co. G, 4th Ky. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Elliott, T. T.,— Priv., Co. E, 15th la. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Erwin, Hugh, — Capt., Co. A, 24th Ind. Inf., Keclville, Kan.
Easton, George, — Priv., Co. C, 119 III. Inf., Keelville, Kan.
Evans, George, — Priv., Co. G, 9th Kan. Cav., Lowell, Kan.
Ellis, James H.,— Priv., Co. C, 116th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Ehalt, Martin— Priv., Co. B, 48th Wis. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Ebbenstein, Chas., — Priv., Co. B. 69th Ind. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Ewing, Nelson, — Serg., Co. I, nith Tenn. Inf., Varck, Kan.
Evans, J. E.,— Priv., Co. I, 34th Ind. Inf., Ga- lena, Kan.
Elliott, Win. E.,— Serg., Co. K, 10th III. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Everett, W. H,— Priv., Co. H, 44th Mo. Cav., Hallowell, Kan.
Ellis, William H.,— Priv., Co. I, nth la. Inf., Tehama, Kan.
Everett, E. J.,— Priv., Co. I, 23d Mo. Inf., Hal- lowell, Kan.
Ellis, R. D.,— Capt., Co. M, gth Tenn. Cav., ,Messer, Kan.
Embree, J. C,— Priv, Co. H, 18th 111. Inf., Min- eral, Kan.
Eddy, L.,— Priv., Co. H, 6th R. I. Inf., Mon- mouth, Kan.
Eakin, F. M.,— Serg., Co. D. 3d HI- Cav., Mon- mouth, Kan.
Elam, A. M.,— Vt. Sert, Co. I, 2d Neb. Cav., Waco, Mo.
Ellis, Win.,— Serg., Co. G, 4th 111. Cav., Weir, Kan.
Finnell, Jas. S..— Priv., Co. H, 136th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Fredrickson, Geo.,— Priv., Co. F. 53d Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Friend, August,— Priv., Co. K, 15th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Fribley, J. J.,— 2d Lt„ Co. K. 98th Ind. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Freeman, H. H.,— Priv., Co. K, 136th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Fullman, John, — Priv., Co. K, 4th Minn. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Finn, D. C— 2d Lt., Co. B, 30th Mo. Inf., Co- !lumbus, Kan.
Foster, W. B.,— Serg., Co. B, 112th 111. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Forest, Jacob, — Priv., Co. A, 34th Ind. Inf., Em- pire City, Kan.
Foster, Turner, — Priv., Co. H, 14th Tenn. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Frogue, L. D., — Capt., Co. D, 12th Ky. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Ferguson, John, — Priv., Co. L, 5th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Forkner, Jesse, — Priv., Co. H, 59th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Faulkner, J. S.— Priv., Co. H, 25 111. Inf., Faulk- ner, Kan.
Field, H.,— Priv, Co. D, 154th III. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Fee, Daniel, — Priv, Mo. Militia, Sherwin, Kan.
Foster, T. J,— Priv, Co. G, 60th Mo. Militia, Galena, Kan.
Foster, Win. P, — Priv, Co. G, 6th Kansas Cav, Galena, Kan.
Farrer, I, — Priv, Co. D, 99th Ind. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Fesler, Adam B.,— Artificer, Co. A, 1st Mo. En- gineers, Galena, Kan.
Freeman, Noah B, — Priv, Co. F, 64th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
French, John E, — Corp, Co. C, 6tst III. Inf., Messer, Kan.
Fast, Isaac, — Priv, Co. K, I02d Ohio Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
French, Oliver,— Priv, Co. I, 20th 111. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Fast, C. M,— Priv, Co. D, 112th 111. Inf., (dead.)
Faust, Aaron,— Priv, Co. G, 2d Ind. Cav, Mc- Cune, Kan.
Fehrenback, W. E, — Priv, Co. I, 2d Iowa, Cav, Columbus, Kan.
Fairchild, A. L„— Priv, Co. H, 72d 111. Inf., Mineral, Kan.
Frank, Charles— Priv, Co. A, 9th 111. Inf., Scam- mon, Kan.
Foster, H. S,— Corp, Co. B, 42d Wis. Inf., Scam- mon, Kan.
Furness, H. N,— Corp, Co. C, 105th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Fryer, James— Priv, Co. E, 2d Mass. H. Art, Scammon, Kan.
Frazce, Silas,— Priv, Co. D, 83d Ohio Inf. Weir, Kan.
1 84
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Fisher, A. J.,— Priv., Co. D, 23d Ind. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Frazier, John E., — Corp., Co. E, 43d Mo. Inf., Opolis, Kan.
Flanner, Charles, — Priv., Co. K, 15th Ohio Inf., (dead.)
Freeman, D. S., — Priv., Co. D, 1st Ohio Inf., (dead.)
Garner, A. J., — 1st Lt., Co. B, 2d Ark. Cav., Galena, Kan.
German, Judson, — Priv., Co. C, 10th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Greathouse, Sidney E., — Priv., Co. E, 13th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Glenn, A. T.,— Priv., Co. D, 86th Ohio Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Griffin, Jas. W., — Serg., Co. G, 49th Tenn. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Gill, Maskel,— Priv., Co. H, 136th Ohio N. G„ Baxter Springs, Kan.
Green, Geo. W., — Priv., Co. G, nth Conn. Inf., Em- pire City, Kan.
Garrett, J. H.,— 2d Lt, Co. B, 15th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Glascow, John, — Priv, Co. F, 4th U. S. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Gates, Jacob— Priv, Co. E, 8th 111. Cav, (dead.)
Guffin, A, — Corp, Co. F, 2d N. J. Cav, Colum- bus, Kan.
Goldsbury, Geo, — Priv, Co. G. /2d Ind. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Goldsbury, T. W,— Priv, Co. G. 72 Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Grimes, Geo. H, — Priv, Co. A, Penn. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Grimes, G. H,— Priv, Co. A. 69th N. Y. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Green, W. S,— Priv, Co. C, 13th U. S. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Griffin, L. C— Priv, Co. A, 8m Mo. Militia, Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Glassbrook, W. T, — Priv, Co. D, 1st Ark. Cav, Neutral, Kan.
Gates, Sam'l S, — Priv, Co. G, 7th Kans. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Grigsley, Robert, — Priv, Co. E, 14th Tenn. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Gaw, John W, — Priv, Co. I, 14th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Gault, H. P,— Priv, Co. I, 52a 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Glenn, Jas. B, — Priv, Co. E, Mo. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Grimm, Adam, — Priv, Co. A, 148th Penn. Inf., Smithfield, Mo.
Gibbons, John, — Priv, Co. H, Mo. Inf., Smithfield,
Mo.
Gaither, R, — Priv, Co. K, 30th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Galloup, John, — Priv, Co. F, 69th Mo. Militia, Columbus, Kan.
Grow, William— Priv, Co. G, 87th Ind. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Graham, R. S,— Priv, Co. K, 5th 111. Cav, Hallo- well, Kan.
Girton. J. L, — Wagoner, Co. I, 143d Penn. Inf., (dead.)
Golding, J. W, — Priv, Co. H, 151st Ind. Inf., Columbus. Kan.
Gentry, J. B, — Bugler, Co. I, 13th Ohio Cav, Oswego, Kan.
Gambill, D. J, — Priv, Co. F, 17th Ky. Cav, Mon- mouth, Kan.
Green, John, — Priv, Co. C, nth Iowa Inf., Weir, Kan.
Gray, John, — Priv, Co. I, 15th Mass. Art, Colum- bus, Kan.
Grant, S. T, — Priv, Co. G, 6th Mo. Cav, Opolis, Kan.
Gilliland, John— Priv, Co. G, 133d 111. Inf., Pleas- ant View, Kan.
Henry, William, — Musician, Co. A, 130th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Highland, Robert— Priv, Co. E, 66th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Harris, W. H,— Priv, Co. D, 17th 111. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Harper, Alex,— Priv, Co. I, 1st W. Va. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Hubbard. J. C— Serg, Co. C, 38th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Huntington. O. P.— Priv, Co. C, 36th Iowa. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Highland. William— Corp, Co. D, 4th 111. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Hiner, R. J, — Capt, Co. B, 5th Kans. Militia, Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Hodgkins, Edward, — Priv, Co. I, 12th N. Y. Int., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Henry, James V, — 1st Lt, Co. D, 1st Mich. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Hopkins, Samuel, — Priv, Co. G, 15th U. S. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Hedges, T. J, — 1st Lt, 4th Kans. Cav, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Hatfield, Elijah, — Corp, Co. G, 8th Tenn. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Harris, L. W,— Priv, Co. C, 3d Ind. Cav, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Howey, Thomas A,— Priv, Co. A, 38th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
185
Hobson, Albert,— Priv., Co. B, 12th Term. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Hogg, B. F.,— Corp., Co. C, 104th N. V. Inf., (dead.)
Hartman, Simeon, — Priv., Co. H, 1st Colo. Inf., (dead.)
Huey, J. W.,— Priv., Co. F, 80th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Hunt, E. F.,— Priv., Co. D, 118th Ohio Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Henry, H.,— Priv., 23d Ind. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Hummers, John, — Priv., Co. L, 7th 111. Cav., Weir, Kan.
Hood, Archibald, — Serg., Co. F, loth Mo. Inf., (dead.)
Hicks', H. A.,— 2d Lt, 9th Wis. Art., (dead.)
Haseltine, D. P., — Priv., 1st Kans. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Hill, O. P.— Priv., Co. M, 3d Iowa Cav., Melrose, Kan.
Hall, S. T.,— Priv., Co. H, 14th 111. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Hennigh, Daniel, — Priv., Co. F, 206U1 Penn. Inf., Melrose, Kan.
Huggins, Geo. M., — Priv., Co. I, 130th Ind. Inf., Melrose, Kan.
Hadden, N. M.,— Priv., Co. K, 127th 111. Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Himes, Geo. W.,— Serg., Co. D, 1st Kans Inf.. Faulkner, Kan.
Hubble, O., — Corp., Co. I, 19th Ind. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Hill, John A., — Corp., Co. F, 7th Mo. Cav.. Keel- ville, Kan.
Hall, James, — Priv., Co. C, 119th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Hartley, J. F.,— Priv., Co. I, 69th Ind. Inf.. Baxter Springs, Kan.
Hacks, J. H.,— Priv., Co. C, 12th Mo. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
. Houston, Benj., — Priv., Co. F, 125th 111. Inf., Neu- tral, Kan.
Hudson, W. H..— Priv., Co. H, 36th Iowa Inf., Neutral, Kan.
Hedrick, S. C„— Priv., Co. G, 58th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Hall, S., — Priv., Co. H, 92d Ohio Inf., Galena, Kan.
Henderson, J. S., — Serg., Co. E, Mo. Independent, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Hubbard, J. A., — Capt., Co. D, 22d 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Harman, J. R., — Corp., Co. D, 89th Ind. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Harvey, C. W.,— Serg., Co. C, 89th Ind. Inf., Varck, Kan.
Hurt, J. J.,— Priv., Co. E, 24th Mich. Inf., Lowell, Kan.
Hallmark, Lewis, — Priv., Co. A, 8th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Hubbard, H. R.,— Capt., Co. A, 119th 111. Inf., Boston Mills, Kan.
Henderson, John,— Priv., Co. F, 73d Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Hine, J.,— Priv., Co. B, 77th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Hays, Wrn. C.,— Priv., Co. G, 31st Wis. Inf., Tehama, Kan.
Harrison, Geo. W., — Priv., Co. E, 125th 111. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Harbaugh, J. E.,— Corp., Co. K, 85th Ind. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Hadson, James, — Priv., Co. B, 157th 111. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Hileman, M. D.,— Priv., Co. D, 57th Mo. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Howard, James R., — Priv., Co. H, 71st Penn. Inf., Messer, Kan.
Hamilton, Hugh, — Corp., Co. B, 63d Ohio Cav., Crestline, Kan.
Huff, John, — Priv., Co. F, i52d Ind. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Hallam, W. H.,— Priv., Co. C. 129th 111. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Hartman, M. J., — Priv., Co. E, 154th Ohio Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Hannah. John G, — Priv., Co. B, 27th Ind. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Hook, Matthias, — Priv., Co. C, 27th Iowa Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Haight, Chas. B., — Corp., Co. B, -inth Penn. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Hollingsworth, I. B.,— Priv., Co. L, 8th Ohio Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Hendy, J. H.,— Priv., Co. I, 123d 111. Inf., Colum- bus', Kan.
Henderson, John, — Priv., Co. G, 2d Penn. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Herreld, Benj., — Priv., Co. C, 40th Iowa, Inf., Star- vale, Kan.
Herreld, A. F., — Priv., Co. C, 40th Iowa, Inf., (dead.)
Heap, Thomas, — Priv., Co. A, 31st 111., Inf., Sher- win, Kan.
Hur;t, William— Priv., Co. B. 2d Ohio H. Art., McCune, Kan.
Hildreth, J. H.,— Priv., Co. K, 65th 111. Inf., Mineral, Kan.
Herrington, D. H.,— Priv., Co. G) 184th Ohio Inf., McCune, Kan.
Haynes, Thomas, — Priv., Co. B, 52d 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
1 86
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Huffington, Geo., — 12th Ind. Battery, McCune, Kan.
Hicks, John W.,— Priv., Co. C, 88th Ohio Inf., Mc- Cune, Kan.
Hale, W. M.,— Priv., Co. B, 136th 111. Inf., Star- vale, Kan.
Holt, Joseph,— Priv., Co. H, 1st Ind. H. Art., Sher- man, Kan.
Harris, A. R., — Priv., Co. L, 1st Mo. Militia, Scam- mon, Kan.
Holmes, Henry, — Corp., Co. A, 156th 111. Inf., Columbus', Kan.
Hoy, John W.,— Corp., Co. E, 9th 111. Inf., Mon- mouth, Kan.
Harding, H. N., — Corp., Co. K, 49th Wis. Inf., Scammon, Kan.
Henry, John, — Serg., Co. H, 2d 111. Caw, Weir, Kan.
Hanes, Charles, — Serg., Co. B, 81st Ohio Inf., Opolis, Kan.
Huffman, William— Priv., Co. G, 17th Ind. Inf., Pleasant View, Kan.
Hiatt, Jas. H.,— Priv., Co. C, 19th Ind. Inf., Waco, Mo.
Ingram, Wm. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 22d 111. Inf., (P. O. unknown.)
Jacobs, John, — Priv., Co. H, 16th Kans. Cav., Galena. Kan.
Johnson, Elias, — Serg., Co. E, 161 Ohio Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Jordan, J. VV. — Priv., Co. A, 8th Mo. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Johnson, W. P.,— Priv., Co. E, 8th Mo. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Jarvis, W. V., — Priv., Co. G, 173 Ohio Inf., Galena, Kan.
Jones, Wm. W. ,— Serg., Co. E, 7th U. S. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Johnson, Shelly, — Priv., Co. D, 33d Ind. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Jones, James B., — Serg., Co. K, Iowa Engineers, Columbus, Kan.
Jones, Wm. L., — Priv., Co. C, 134th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Jones, Daniel, — Priv., Co. B, 1st Ohio H. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Johnson, William, — Priv., Co. H, 7th Ky. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Jones, M. A.,— Priv., Co. F, 3d Mo. Cav., Colum- bus, Kan.
Johnson, James, — Priv., Co. B, mth 111. Inf., , Columbus', Kan.
Jenkins, John, — Priv., Co. G, 25th Ind. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Joachim, G. M., — Priv., Co. E, 106th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Jones, L. D., — 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Johnson, A. M.,— Priv., Co. E, 29th 111. Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Jackson, Phillip— Priv., Co. F, 150th 111. Inf., Faulk- ner, Kan.
Johnson, J. R., — Priv., Co. D, 170th Ohio Inf., Melrose, Kan.
James, W. F,— Priv, Co. D, 6th Mo. Militia, Mel- rose, Kan.
Jones, David W.,— Priv, Co. A, nth U. S. Inf., Melrose, Kan.
Jarrett, W. D,— Priv, Co. I, 3d Mich. Cav, Mel- rose, Kan.
Jarrett, John F,— Priv, Co. I, 3d Mich. Cav, Mel- rose, Kan.
Johnson, Thomas, — Priv, Co. E, 44th Ohio Inf., Varck, Kan.
Jarrett, Michael,— Priv, Co. H, 148th Ind. Inf., Baxter Springs', Kan.
Jonas. John, — Priv, Co. H, 36th Ind. Inf., Varck, Kan.
Jenkins, F. F, — Priv, Co. E, 106th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Jackson, Elvis B,— Priv, Co. D, 52d Ky. Mt. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Jaco, Benj. F,— Priv, Co. E, 6th W. Va. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Janey, Stephen,— 1st Lt, Co. G, 79th Ohio Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Jones, Robert M, — Serg, Co. I, 7th Iowa Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Johnson, E. M, — Priv, Co. D, 30th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Jones, Orrin S,— Priv, Co. B, 29th Mo. Militia, Columbus, Kan.
Jarvis, William, — Priv, Co. H, 97 Ind. Inf., Sherwin, Kan.
Jones, J. W, — Corp, Co. D, 6th Ind. Cav, Hallo- well, Kan.
Jones, Robert H,— Priv, Co. F, 3d Mo. Cav, Mineral, Kan.
Jeter, Geo. S, — Priv, Co. H, 23d Mo. Inf., Mon- mouth, Kan.
Jenkins, John H, — Priv, Co. K, 134th Ind. Inf., Cherokee, Kan.
Johnson, A. P,— Priv, Co. I, 80th 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Jones, J. D, — Priv, Co. A, 6th Iowa Inf., Sherwin, Kan.
Kelley, W. A, — Priv, Co. E, 26th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Keetin, Patrick, — Priv, Co. I, 23d Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Kinkade, A. P„— 2d Lt, Co. B, 35th Ky. Inf., Galena, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
187
Knox, Carey, — Priv., Co. F, nth Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Kennedy, G. L.,— Capt., W. Va. N. G., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Knight, Madison, — Priv., Co. K, 6th Kans. Cav., Empire City, Kan.
Kyler, Jesse, — Wagoner, Co. E, 17th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Knapp, M. R., — Priv., Co. H, 74th Ind. Inf., Kan- sas City, Mo.
Kleinfield, J. P,— 2d Lt., Co. E, 26th N. Y. Inf., (P. O. unknown.)
Kitch, J. M.,— Priv., Co. H, 97 Ind. Inf., Neutral, Kan.
King, G. R.,— Priv., Co. C, 119th 111. Inf., Neutral, Kan.
Knott, Wm. A., — Corp., Co. D, 1st Mo. Cav., Messer, Kan.
Kramer, David— Priv., Co. G, 82 111. Inf., Waco, Mo.
Kyle, A. R.,— Priv., Co. C, 24th Mich. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Kimerer, Joseph, — Priv., Co. F, 16th 111. Inf., Star- vale, Kan.
Kennedy, A. W.,— Priv., Co. B, mth 111. Inf., Starvale, Kan.
Knox, James,— Priv., Co. B, 3d N. Y. Lt. Art., Hallowell, Kan.
Lunsford, I. G., — Bugler, Co. 1, 47th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Love, James, — Priv., Co. G, 2d Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Love, F., — Priv., Co. G, 3d Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Leake, Geo. W., — Priv., Co. C, nth Kans. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Lamb, E.,— Priv., Co. H, 35th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Luther, Charles, — Corp., Co. A, 140th N. Y. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Leerney, M. C, — Priv., Co. E, 2d Iowa Cav., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Long, Sedrick, — Priv., Ohio Militia, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Locer, William,— Priv., Co. E, 57th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Labedie, C. H., — Corp., Co. E, 2d Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Louderback, A.,— Priv., Co. H, 1st Ind. H. Art., Galena, Kan.
Lamb, Avery, — Priv., Co. A, 2d Colo. Cav., Empire City, Kan.
Leslie, Thomas,— Priv., Co. D. 15th Iowa Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Lewis, J. W.,— Priv. Co. C, 117th 111. Inf.. Colum- bus, Kan.
Lees, John, — Priv., Co. I, 23d U. S. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Larremore, Joseph, — Priv., Co. L. 15th Mo. Cav., Weir, Kan.
Liff, Wilson,— Priv., Co. H, 18th Ohio Inf., Weir, Kan.
LaRue, T. P., — Corp.. Co. G, 2d Iowa Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Long, Matthew, — Priv., Co. A, 16th Penn. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Lamson, H. T., — Corp., Co. I, 55th Ohio Inf., Columbus', Kan.
Leeper, John S., — Priv., Co. D, 9th Iowa Cav., Chetopa, Kan.
Lammey, S. Y.,— Priv., Co. E, 149th 111. Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Little, William— Priv., Co. G, 32d Ohio Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Landon, W., — Corp., Co. I, 85th 111. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Longly, G. W.,— Priv., Co. H, 30th Ind. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Lane, J. W. S.,— Priv., Co. D, 75th Ind. Inf., Keel- ville, Kan.
Lucas, Edward, — Priv., Co. C, 7th Ky. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Lees, William, — Corp., Co. B, 4th Iowa Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Leggett, E. J.,— Serg., Co. I, 116th N. Y. Inf., Lowell, Kan.
Lucas, T. B., — Priv., Co. C, 10th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Lindsey, J. W.,— Priv., Co. H, 78th Penn. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Lowe, W. A.,— Priv., Co. F, 27th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Lucky, John, — Priv., Co. B. 25th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Lea, A. T., — Priv., Co. B, 143 Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Locke, A. W.,— Corp., Co. K, 1st Ohio Cav., (P. O. unknown.)
Ludlow, J. H.,— Serg., Co. B, 63d Ind. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Landers, John B— Priv., Co. B, 43d Mo. Inf., (P. O. unknown.)
Ludlow, John S.,— Priv., Co. K, 63d Ind. Inf.. Crestline, Kan.
Loucks, Cornelius-,— Serg., Co. G, 79th Ind. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Lutes, E. D.,— Priv., Co. B, 4th Mo. Cav., Crest- line, Kan.
Lisle, A. B.,— Priv., Co. D, I02d Ohio Inf., (dead.)
Luckey, Jerry— Priv., Co. F, 25th Iowa Inf., Columbus, Kan.
1 88
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Lopp, Charles W., — Capt, Co. B, 38th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Lewis, David D.,— Priv., Co. H, Mo. Cav., (P. O. unknown. )
Lanstrum, A. A., — Capt., Co. G, 59th 111. Inf., (P. O. unknown.)
Lyons, W. E.,— Priv., Co. B, 139th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Louther, Arnold, — Priv., Co. E, 99th Ir.d. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Lyons, T. A., — Priv., Co. G, 139th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Larcum, Lee, — Priv., Co. C, 121st Ohio Inf.. Cher- okee, Kan.
Langlass, Nicholas, — Priv., Co. G, 148th 111. Inf., Weir. Kan.
Lewis, Warren, — Corp., Co. A, 12th Ohio Cav., Weir. Kan.
Lakey, John, — Priv., Co. E, 25th Mo. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Mahan, Wm. J.,— Priv., Co. K. 8th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Manlove, S. L., — Priv., Co. G, 16th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Mayer, Jacob M„ — Corp., Co. F, 6th Penn. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Mitchell, John, — Corp., Co. C, 171st Ohio Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Merriman, R., — Priv., Co. I, 111th Penn. Inf., Galena. Kan.
Martin, W. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 44th III. Inf., Em- pire City, Kan.
March, William— Serg., Co. H, 60th Ohio Inf., Galena, Kan.
Murphey, James, — Message Boy, Ship "Vermont," Empire City, Kan.
Mann, Martin, — Capt., Co. B, 61st 111. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Mann, Charles W.,— Priv., Co. A, 53d 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Meads, James L., — Priv., Co. C, 6th Ind. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Morris, C. D., — Corp., Co. E, 33d 111. Inf., Rogers, Ark.
Martin, P. S.,— Priv., Co. D, 33d 111. Inf., (P. O. unknown.)
Miles, R. P.,— Priv., Co. E, 14th Mo. Cav., Keel- ville, Kan.
Middaugh, C. E.,— Priv., Wis. Art, (dead.)
Mitchell. D. L.,— Corp., Co. D, 23d 111. Inf.. Co- lumbus, Kan.
Mentzer, H. C— Corp., Co. B, i62d Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Masters, William— Priv., Co. D, 47th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Mahan, J., — Corp., Co. D, nth 111. Cav., Weir, Kan.
Mulliken, William, — Corp., Co. I, 22d Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Macy, E. T., — Musician, Co. H, 39th Ohio Inf., (dead.)
Mitchell, Chas. W.,— Priv.. Co. F, 7th 111. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Moore. H. W.,— D. Maj., Co. C, 131st Penn. Inf., Miami, I. T.
Morris. Matthew,— Priv., Co. B, 18th Mo. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Marshall, D. T.,— Priv., Co. C, oSth Ind. Militia, Columbus, Kan.
Maxwell, N. H„— Serg., Co. F, 80th 111. Inf., Faulkner, Kan.
Modisett, John F., — Corp., 2d Ohio Battery, Mel- rose, Kan.
Moore, C. R.,— Capt., Co. F, 38th Wis. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Matthews, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. D, no 111. Inf., Melrose, Kan.
Moore, Jas. H., — Priv., Co. I, 12th Kansas Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Mayer, John M„ — Priv., Kansas Militia, Colum- bus, Kan.
Millen, J. H„— Priv., Co. D, 198th Ohio Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Medaris, Jacob, — Priv., Co. B, 47th 111. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
.A last, John R.,— Priv., Co. I, 85th Ind. Inf., Neutral, Kan.
Mulliken, Lee— Priv., Co. F, 77th N. Y. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Miller, Henry,— Priv., Co. A, 15th N. Y. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Michner, E. M., — Corp.. Co. B, no Ind. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Mitchell, A.,— Priv., Co. C, 7th 111. Inf., Varck, Kan.
Medler, M. L.,— Priv., Co. H, nth N. H. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Murray, J., — Serg.. Co. K, 14th Kan. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Madison, Maurace, — Priv., Co. C, 117th Ky. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Messer, Lewis, — Priv., Co. E, 15th Mo. Cav., Em- pire City, Kan.
Morse, John, — Priv., Co. H, 4th Iowa Cav., Galena, Kan.
Metcalf, Andrew, — Priv., Co. I, 25th Wis. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Malott, William— Priv., Co. H, 12th Mo. Cav., Boston Mills, Kan.
Mays, John, — Priv., Co. M, 9th Tenn. Cav., Galena, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
189
Moore, Benj.,— Priv., Co. B, 138th Wo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Marina, Job, — Priv., Co. M, 4th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Morarity, M. E., — Priv., Co. K, 9th Iowa Inf., Messer, Kan.
Morrow, James, — Priv., Co. A, 115th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Mason, John A., — Priv., Co. F, 47th 111. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Martin, D. R., — Surg., 3d Iowa Inf., (dead.)
Mayes, R. J., — Priv., Co. A, 7th Iowa Cav., Hallo- well, Kan.
Martin, C. C, — Corp., Co. A, 102 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Metzler, C. G.,— Priv., Co. D, 1st Mo. Inf., (dead.)
Mayhood, J. C, — Priv., Co. G, 10th Penn. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Milligan, J. M.,— Priv., Co. L, 2d Ohio H. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Morgan, James, — Priv., Co. M., nth Kans. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Masters, John G.,— Priv., Co. D, 47th III. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Mast, Amos, — Priv., Co. C, 51 Ind. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Miller, John A., — Priv., Co. E, 35th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Morgan, William, — Priv., Co. I, 138 Ohio Inf., Scammon, Kan.
Morgan, Austin, — Priv., Co. B, 20th Iowa, Inf., Columbus, Kan.
.Mitchell, David— Priv., Co. D, 85th Ind. Inf., Opolis, Kan.
Mordica, James, — Priv., Co. L, 15th Kans. Inf., Opolis, Kan.
Moody, J. F„— Priv., 6Sth Ky. Militia, Weir, Kan.
Mishler, Jacob, — Priv., Co. K, 149th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Merrick, Walter, — Priv., Co. C, 6th Kans. Cav., Waco, Mo.
Merriman, Jas. N, — Priv., Co. E, 143d 111. Inf., Waco, Mo.
Mabley, Randolph, — Priv., Co. D, 10th Kan. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Mc Wilson, William, — Priv., Co. A, 2d Iowa Cav., (dead.)
McCollough, R. T.,— Priv., Co. I, 16th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
McDugal, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. B, 33d 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
McLahlan, James, — Priv., Co. C, 6th Kans. Cav., Galena, Kan.
McNay, John M.,— Priv., Co. B, 45th Iowa Inf., Columbus, Kan.
McCall, Samuel,— Priv., Co. E, 75th 111. Inf., (dead.)
McGinnis, II. L.,— Priv., Co. D, 9th Kans. Cav., Empire City, Kan.
Mcllhaney, R. B.,— Priv., Co. D, 107th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
McClure, Curtis,— Priv., Co. C, 16th Tenn. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
McDowell, S. O.,— Priv., Co. M, nth Ind. Cav., Minneapolis, Kan.
McFarren, Henry, — Priv., Co. F, 25th Mich. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
McCollough— Priv., Co. E, 41st Ind. Cav., Faulk- ner, Kan.
McClure, J. A.,— Serg., Co. A, 2d 111. Res. Corps, Columbus, Kan.
McClure, John A.,— Serg., Co. D, 81st 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
McClure, Thos. A.,— Corp., Co. D, 81st 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
McMickle, Clinton, — Serg., Co. G, 2d low. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
McComas, Wm. N., — Priv., Co. K, 25th Iowa Inf., Crestline, Kan.
McKennis, H.,— Priv., Co. F, S2d Ky. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
McCullough, Silas, — Priv., Co. G, 100th Ohio Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
McEwen, James, — Serg., Co. E, 5th Kans. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
McCurdy, John, — Priv., Co. D, 4th Penn. Cav., Starvale, Kan.
McClure, S. P.— Priv, Co. K, 68th 111. Inf., McCune, Kan.
McFarland, John, — Priv, Co. C, 135th Ind. Inf., Cherokee, Kan.
McCorkle, Geo. R,— Priv, Co. C, 156th Ind. Inf., Scammon, Kan.
McClure, G. M,— Priv, Co. B, 39th Iowa Inf., Weir, Kan.
McWethey, Jerome, — Priv, Co. G, 2d Mich. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Neal, Robert D,— Serg, Co. D, 91st 111. Cav, (dead.)
Naylor, J. C,— Priv, Co. H, 148th 111. Cav, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Noble, Elbert O, — Priv, Co. C, 46th Mass. Cav, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Norris, James, — Priv, Co. G, 26th Ky. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Newman, Isaac, — Priv, Co. A, 6th Ohio Inf., Weir, Kan.
Nail, W. T.,— Priv, Co. K, 86th 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Nichols, C. D,— Priv, Co. D, 3d Wis. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
190
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Nottingham, John, — Priv., Co. E, 1st Va. Caw, Faulkner, Kan.
Newmire, Geo. H., — Corp., Co. F, 21st Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Norton, E., — Priv., Co. A, 17th Ind. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
North, William II., — Priv., Co. D, 12th Kans. Inf., Faulkner, Kan.
Nash, M. J.,— Priv., Co. E, 95th Ohio Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Noell, L. J.,— Priv., Co. B, 138th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Nichols, J. J., — Priv., Co. K, 6th Kans. Cav., Empire City, Kan.
Nichols, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. A, 10th Mo. Inf., Messer, Kan.
Newberry, Edward, — Priv., Co. F, 37th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Newell, John W.,— Priv., Co. F, 125th 111. Inf., Starvale, Kan.
Norris, Edward,— Priv., Co. B, 35th Wis. Inf., Sherman, Kan.
Nunn, Ingram, — Priv., Co. A, 101st 111. Inf., Mc- Cune, Kan.
Nolan, John, — Priv., Co. H, 36th Ohio Inf., Sher- man, Kan.
Nolan, James A., — Priv., Co. B, 32d Ohio Inf., Sherman, Kan.
Norton, W. S.,— Priv., Co. K, 8th Mo. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Newport, John W., — Priv., Co. E, 57th Ind. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Newman, S. E., — Priv., Co. H, 7th Ohio Art., Weir, Kan.
Nowlin, Lewis, — Serg., Co. G, i$2d Ohio Inf., Weir, Kan.
Opperman, J. B., — Priv., 17th Ohio Bat., Baxter Springs, Kan.
O'Connell, John, — Corp., Co. B, 92d N. Y. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Owen, J. M., — Bugler, Co. A, 6th Ind. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Orwan, F. M., — Corp., Co. G, 9th Kans. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Oliver, E. T.,— Priv., Co. A, 8th Mo. Cav., Boston Mills, Kan.
Olinger, S. H.,— Priv., Co. I, 5th Iowa Inf., (dead.)
Owen, Henry L.,— Priv., Co. F, 8th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Ogleby, J. C„— Priv., Co. G, 72d Ind. Mt. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Oliphant, W. R.,— Priv., Co. E, 42d Ind. Inf., Oswego, Kan.
Oliphant, O. S.,— Priv., Co. H, 149th Ind. Inf., (dead.)
O'Malley, James, — Priv., Co. I, 53d 111. Inf., Cher- okee, Kan.
O'Neill. Hugh— Priv., Co. C, 90th 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Oglesby, John H., — Priv., Co. D, 14th Kans. Cav., Opolis, Kan.
Pangborn, H. L., — Priv., 1st Wis. Art., Galena, Kan.
Pummel!, John, — Priv., Co. E, 2d Ark. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Pond, James M., — Priv., Co. C, 12th Mo. Militia, Galena, Kan.
Pittman, Reason, — Corp., Co. F, 2d Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Perry, L. J., — Priv., Co. C, 44th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Payne, Jas. M., — Priv., Co. G, 2d 111. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Patterson, John, — Serg., Co. K, 16th Ohio Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Pulley, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. H, 81st 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Price, J. S.,— Capt., Co. A, 79th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Pittman, Edward, — Priv., Co. I, 2d Mo. Lt. Art., Galena, Kan.
Pounds, William,— Priv., Co. H, 1st Ark. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Pinnick, William, — Corp., Co. I, 38th Ind. Int., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Price, Charles J., — Priv., Co. D, 2d Kans. Cav, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Pierson, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. G, 10th N. V., 11. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Parker, J. M.,— Priv., Co. C, 54th Ky. Mt. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Pattyson, Darius, — Seaman, U. S. G. Boat "Brill", Columbus, Kan.
Perkins, Elisha— Priv., Co. E, 27th Ind. Inf., (dead.)
Phillips, John— Priv., Co. I, 5th Ohio Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Pemberton, Russell,— Priv., Co. C, 48th Ohio Inf., (dead.)
Pearce, R. C, — Priv., Co. A, 33d Ind. Inf., Melrose, Kan.
Phillips, Vincent,— Capt., W. Va. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Parsons, A. J., — Priv., Co. K, 6th Kans. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Potter, O. O., — Serg., Co. A, 141st 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Patterson, Ellis, — Serg., Co. F, 43d Ohio Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Pence, D. N.,— Priv., Co. D, 62d 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
19I
Payne, R. N., — Priv., Co. G, 19th Kans. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Peters, Joseph, — Priv., Co. G, 76th Ind. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Peters, W. H. ,— Priv., Co. H, 5th Ohio Cav., Bos- ton Mills, Kan.
Porter, P. B., — Priv., Co. A, 130th Ohio Inf., Galena, Kan.
Peck, Ira, — Priv., Co. B, 91st Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Parker, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. K, 7th 111. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Pancake, Geo. H., — Priv., Co. B, nth 111. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Parker, G. E. T.,— Priv., Co. C, 9th Mo. Cav., Crestline, Kan.
Preston, J. S., — Priv., Co. A, 194th Ohio Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Porter, H. L,,— Priv., Co. H, 23d Mich. Inf., Sher- win, Kan.
Pollock, W. YV.,— Priv., Co. I, 31st 111. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Pendcrgrass, James, — Priv., Co. I, I22d 111. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Perry, William,— Priv., Co. B, 10th 111. Inf., Mc- Cune, Kan.
Puckett, J. C.,— Priv., Co. E, 21st Ky. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Penrod, Solomon, — Priv., Co. A, 120th Ind. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Perrin, J. H„— Serg., Co. G, 135th 111. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Patterson, Leslie, — Priv., Co. E, I02d 111. Inf., Min- eral, Kan.
Pigg, S. N,— Priv., Co. B, 137th 111. Inf., Cher- okee, Kan.
Pryor, James B.,— Priv., Co. K, 7th Mo. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Payne, James F.,— Priv., Co. 6th Kans. Cav., Pleas- ant View, Kan.
Parker, Isaac.,— Priv., Co. H, 1st Ohio Lt. Art., Monmouth, Kan.
Quinn, Bruce,— Priv., Co. A, 6th Mo. Cav., Varck, Kan.
Rains, H. F.,— Priv., Co. G, 49th Ky. Inf., Waco, Mo.
Raub, William G.,— Priv., Co. F, 153d Penn. Inf., Scammon, Kan.
Rush, Morgan— Priv., Co. E, 5th W. Va. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Rowley, Martin E.,— Priv., Co. I, 47th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Reed, S. N.,— Priv., Co. C, 1st Neb. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Rains. J. M.,— Capt., Co. C, 1st Tenn. Cav., Galena, Kan.
11
Rice, Joseph,— Priv., Co. I, 96th U. S. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Rehm, Louis, — Priv., Co. C, 1st Mo. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Records, John,— Priv., Co. D, 56th U. S. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Reed, James,— Priv., Co. A, 6th Kans. Cav., Empire City, Kan.
Row, William E.,— Priv., Co. I, 5th Mo. Cav., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Richardson, Geo. S.,— Serg., Co. G, 6th Iowa Inf., (dead.)
Reynolds, C. L.,— 7th Mo. Cav., (P. O. unknown.)
Ruhland, Christian, — Serg., Co. F, 3d 111. Cav., (dead.)
Richards, William, — Priv., Co. I, 79th 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Robinson, A. W.,— Priv., Co. K, 12th W. Va. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Rood, T. B.,— 2d Lt., Co. K, 7th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Reem, G. W., —Priv., Co. C, 51st Ind. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Rayburn, H. W.,— 2d Lt., Co. K, 22d Ohio Inf., Chetopa, Kan. .
Reynolds, J. L.,— Priv., Co. A, 66th Ohio Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Reinhart, Joseph,— Priv., Co. C, 78th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Ransom, A. G., — Priv., Co. E, 7th Ohio Inf., Neu- tral, Kan.
Rowland, H. E.,— Priv., Co. H, 3d Ark. Cav., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Rose, W. D.,— Priv., Co. E, 9th Mo. Militia, Galena, Kan.
Ross, W. L.,— Priv., Co. H, 6th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Ryan, Solomon, — Priv., Co. H, 8th Kans. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Robinson, F. W., — Priv., Co. H, 34th Iowa Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Riseling, Joseph, — Priv., Co. C, nth Penn. Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Rinker, Levi, — Priv., Co. B, 23d Mo. Inf., Messer, Kan.
Reaser, Daniel,— Priv., Co. F, 85th Ind. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Reinhart, N.,— Priv., Co. A, 24th Mich. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Reed, Allen,— Priv., Co. M, 136th Ohio N. G., (dead.)
Read, Geo. W.,— Priv., Co. A, 146th Ind. Inf., (dead.)
Robinette, J. W.,— Priv., Co. D, 21st 111. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
192
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Roberts, James, — Priv., Co. A, 139th Ind. Inf., HaUowell, Kan.
Ratcliff, John,— Priv., Co. D, 147th Ind. Inf., Colum- Ijsu, Kan.
Ruggus, Perry,— Priv., Co. G, 124th Ky. Inf., Sher- win, Kan.
Rohrbough, J. W.,— Priv., Co. A, 70th 111. Inf., Mc- Cune, Kan.
Rockefeller, F. M.,— Priv., Co. K, 65th 111. Inf., Mound Valley, Kan.
Robinson, G. A.,— Priv., Co. K, nth Vt. Inf., Cher- okee, Kan.
Rodenberger, P., — Priv., Co. K, 59th Ind. Inf., Star- vale, Kan.
Ryan, William— Priv, Co. D, 148th Ind. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Russell, John— Corp, Co. C, 17th 111. Inf., Waco, Mo.
Ratcliff, Wm,— Corp, Co. K, 46th Mo. Inf., Mc- Cune, Kan.
Smith, L. S,— Priv, Co. E, 33d 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Secrist, W. M,— Priv, Co. H, 6th Kans. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Stone, T. B. S,— Priv, Co. F, 8th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Stone, W. B, — Capt, Co. H, 10th Kans. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Scoles, J. P., — Serg, Co. G, 31st Iowa Inf., Galena, Kan.
Smith, S. H,— Serg, Co. K, 13th Mich. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Streat, W. B, — Priv, Co. A, 34th Iowa Inf., Bax- ter Springs', Kan.
Seaman, H. S, — Capt, Co. A, 3d Kans. Cav, Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Spears, John, — Serg, Co. G 3d Mich. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Sisson, John, — Priv, Co. C, 149th 111. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Saunders, J. F, — Priv, Co. C, 133d 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Swaney, D. A,- — Priv, Co. E, 6th Penn. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Shaw, Jas. A.,— Priv., Co. A, 61st 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Scofield, Geo. W,— Priv, Co. G, 16th 111. Inf., Em- fire City, Kan.
Springston, A. J, — Priv, Co. Ff, 24th Ind. Inf., Empire City, Kan.
Spencer, John W, — Serg, Co. D, 13th 111. Cav, Columbus, Kan.
Skidmore, James, — 1st Lt, Co. F, 51st 111. Inf., ■ !< Inmbus, Kan.
Swell, H,— Priv, Co. A, 44th Ind. Inf., Galena.
Seaward, William, — Serg. Maj, Co. A. 9th Iowa Inf., Weir, Kan.
Sweeney, Jas. N, — Serg, Co. I, 75th Ohio Inf., Weir, Kan.
Stinnett, Lewis, — Music, Co. A, nith U. S. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Smith, Geo. W,— Priv, Co. A, 1st Mich. Art., Columbus, Kan.
Spencer, M. W,— Priv, Co. E, 58th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Smith, John O,— Priv, Co. D, iojd 111. Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Smalley, J. W,— Priv., Co. K, 5th Penn. Art, Mel- rose, Kan.
Shipley, I. F,— Serg, Co. C, 18th Mo. Inf., Melrose, Kan.
Stoner, C. W,— Priv, Co. D, 51st Mo. Inf., Mel- rose, Kan.
Springer, Chas. E, — Priv, Co. G, 9th Kans. Cav, Chetopa, Kan.
Scheer, John M,— Priv, Co. B, 99th 111. Inf., Chetopa. Kan.
Sparks, Milton, — Corp, Co. K, 117 Ky. Inf., Keel- ville, Kan.
Shortwell, John W,— Priv, Co. G, 25th Ohio Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Starrett, W. H, — Corp, Co. F, 59th Ind. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Scott, John J, — Priv, Co. D, 46th Iowa Inf., Keel- ville, Kan.
Street, Thomas, — Priv, Co. C, 138 Ind. Inf., Keel- ville, Kan.
Sackett, J. A,— Priv, Co. L, 3d 111. Cav, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Slutltz, Emanuel, — Priv, Co. H, 97th Ind. Inf., Neutral, Kan.
Swalley, Abraham, — Corp, Co. B, 45th Ohio Inf., Baxter Springs', Kan.
Sanders, G. W,— Priv, Co. H, 3d U. S. Inf., Lowell, Kan.
Shelton, Daniel,— Priv, Co. F, 2d Tenn. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Shellhammer, W. H,— Priv, Co. P.. 164th Ohio Inf., Boston Mills, Kan.
Snider, Silas, — Priv, Co. D, I02d 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Staton, Geo. H,— Priv, Co. C, 31st 111. Inf., (dead.)
Secrist, Joseph, — Priv, Co. H, 6th Kans. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Shaffer, Daniel, — Priv, Co. F, I02d Mich. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Snider, John W,— Priv, Co. H, 179th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Short, J. R, — Priv, Co. H, 1st Colo. Cav, Galena, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
193
Scott, A. L. D.,— 1st Lt., Co. A, 128th Ind, Inf., Galena, Kan.
Sadler, Henry R., — Priv., Co. F, 4th Iowa Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Smith, Joseph S., — Corp., Co. E, 31st Mo. Militia, (P. O. unknown.)
Stiles', Wm. A., — Priv., Co. G, 23d Mo. Inf., Smith- field, Mo.
Starkweather, G. E., — Priv., Co. D, 43d Mo. Inf., Sherwin, Kan.
Spauldwin, S. D., — Priv., Co. D, 2d Ohio Cav., Sherwin, Kan.
Stoughton, S. D.,— Priv , Co. H, 93d 111. Inf., Sher- win, Kan.
Spence, John, — Corp., Co. C, 146th Ohio Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Schmell, Louis, — Priv., Co. F, 85th Ohio Inf., Co- lumbus, Kan.
Seymour, E. C, — Corp.. Co. D, 126th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Smith, Sidney S., — 1st Lt., iSth Iowa Inf. (dead.)
Stapleton, Nelson,— Priv., Co. G, 79th 111. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Shirk, Jonas S,,— Priv., Co. B, 86th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Sparks, John T., — Corp., Co. H, 58th Ind. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Stice, J. Frank— Priv., Co. B, 28th 111. Inf. Oswego, Kan.
Sharp, George, — Priv., Co. F, 4th Ind. Art., Colum- bus, Kan.
Shoemaker, J. F., — Prix., Co. H, 51st Ind. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Smith, Moses M.,— Priv., Co. H, 28th 111. Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Sandusky, H. W.,— Priv., Co. D, 12th Ky. Inf., McCune, Kan.
Stott, R. H.,— Capt., Co. H, 26th Ind. Inf. (dead.)
Spriggs, John, — Priv., Co. A, 4th Iowa Inf., Mineral, Kan.
Story, D. M.,— Priv., Co. G, 3jd III. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Sargent, Charles,— Priv., Co. C, 126th Ohio Inf., Cherokee, Kan.
Shidler, Henry,— Priv., Co. G, 59th Ind. Inf., Mon- mouth, Kan.
Swearinger, A. B., — Priv., Co. I, 47th Iowa Inf., Monmouth, Kan.
Sanders, M. H.,— Priv., Co. D, 18th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan*
Stoker, J., — Priv., Co. G, 2d Wis. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Scoville, A. R.,— Priv., Co. I, 18th Iowa Inf., Scam- mon, Kan.
Seisor, George,— Priv.. Co. B, 207th Penn. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Snyder, D. W.,— Priv., Co. L, 9th Ky. Cav., Weir, Kan.
Stuekey, Henry, — Corp., Co. A, 62d Mo. Militia, Pleasant View, Kan.
Small, J. T.,— Priv., Co. D, 131st Ohio Inf., Scam- moii, Kan.
Sterns, Tyler B.,— Capt., Co. K, 19th U. S. Inf., Pleasant View, Kan.
Scott, John H.,— Priv., Co. C, 3d 111. Cav., Colum- bus, Kan.
Thompson, Thomas, — Priv., Co. I, 1 nth Ala. Inf., (P. O. unknown.)
Taylor, George,— Priv., Co. M, 9th Kans. Cav., Hallowell, Kan.
Thomas, A. M.,— Priv., Co. D, 40 Mo. Mt. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Taylor, Tubba, — Priv., Co. G, 61st 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Treace, John J., — Priv., Co. A, 1st Ark. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Tanquary, Levi S., — Priv., Co. C, 10th Ind. Inf., Columbus', Kan.
Tompkins, J. W., — 4th Mass. Cav. (dead.)
Taylor, Samuel D., — Priv., Co. C, 82d Iowa Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Timberlake, W. H.,— 2d Lt., Co. C, 8th Maine Inf., (dead.)
Trotter, Jonas, — Trump., Co. D, 13th Ind. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Turner, John T.,— Priv., Co. D, 123d 111. Mt. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Thornburg, A. S., — Priv., Co. D, 141st Ind. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
Taylor, L. H.,— Priv., Co. G, 95th Ohio Inf., Keel- ville, Kan.
Treat, John, — Priv., Co. A, 16th Mo. Cav., Neutral, Kan.
Taylor, James W.,— Priv., Co. B. 4?d 111. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Tackett, M. V,— Priv., Co. B, 14th Kans. Cav., Galena. Kan.
Throop, S. B.,— Priv., Co. B, 20th Mich. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Tschakart, Francis, — Serg., Co. G, 82d 111. Inf., Messer, Kan.
Thornton, K. B. ,— Co. G, 46th Mo. Inf., Messer, Kan.
Trout, A. J.,— Priv., Co. A, 86th Ind. Inf., Messer, Kan.
Turner. E. B„— Serg., Co. A, 119th 111. Inf. (dead.)
Theobald, William— Priv., Co. F, 7th Mo. Cav., Sherman, Kan.
Topping, Washington, — Priv., Co. C, 1st Mich. Eng., Hallowell, Kan.
Taylor, R. W.,— Priv., Co. A, 186th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
194
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Tanner, Joseph, — Priv., Co. G, 77th 111. Inf., Scam- mon, Kan.
Tarter, D, — Priv., Co. F, 2d Ky. Cav., Mineral, Kan.
Terhorst, Arent ,— Priv., Co. B, 27th Mo. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Talbott, R. H., — Mo. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Ulery, James, — Priv., Co. A, 26th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Ulrich, Jacob J. —Priv., Co. B, 29th Ind. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Vanneet, J. S,— Priv, Co. H, 16th Kans. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Vanhorn, W. M.,— Serg., Co. F, 140th Ind. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Vanarsdoll, A. E.,— Priv., Co. E, 1st N. Y. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Vallier, Alfonso, — Corp., Co. A, 16th Kans. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Vanfossen, L. C — Priv., Co. E, 1st 111. Lt. Art., Baxter Springs', Kan.
Vaughn, Job.,— Serg., Co. D, 55th 111. Inf. (dead.)
Veatch, John T.,— 2d Lt., Co. F, 1st Ind. Cav, Weir, Kan.
Vanvalin, J. W,— Priv, Co. B, 148th Penn. Inf., (P. O. unknown.)
Vannoy, T. G, — Corp, Co. G, 9th Kan. Cav, Galena, Kan.
Vick, James, — Priv, Co. L, 3d Mo. Cav, Boston Mills, Kan.
Vincent, W. H,— Serg, Co. H, 25th Iowa Inf., Weir, Kan.
Wiley, David A, — Serg, Co. F, 30th Iowa Inf., Galena, Kan.
Williford, W. A,— Priv, Co. K, 55th 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Walker, John— Corp, Co. K, 10th 111. Inf., Waco, Mo.
Witherell, Theo,— Priv, Co. E, nth 111. Cav, Opolis, Kan.
Wylie, Calvin— Priv, Co. C, 57th Mo. Inf., Scam- raon, Kan.
Wooten, J. J,— Priv, Co. A, 81st 111. Inf., Scam- mon, Kan.
West, James,— Priv, Co. G, 112th 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Wallace, John, — Priv, Co. C, 2d 111. Inf., Scammon, Kan. •
Wooten, Edward, — Priv, Co. C. 51st Mo. Inf., Scammon, Kan.
Wade, Alexander, — Priv, Co. G, 36th 111. Inf., Scammon, Kan.
Wilcox, J. D,— Priv, Co. C, 155th 111. Inf., Star- vale, Kan.
West, E. F, — Corp, Co. B, 62d 111. Inf., Sherman, Kan.
Wallace, John M,— Corp, Co. D, nSth Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
West, J,— Priv, Co. E, 94th 111. Inf.. McCune, Kan.
Walker, W. H,— Priv, Co. A, 43d Ind. Inf., Oswego, Kan.
Watson, Dennis,— Priv, Co. C, nth 111. Inf., Hallo- well, Kan.
Williams', Jas. M, — Priv, Co. I, 41st Ohio Inf., Hallowell, Kan.
Westervelt, Louis R, — Priv, Co. B, 14th Iowa Inf, Starvale, Kan.
Worthen, Peter,— Priv, Co. H, 6th Colo. Inf., Sher- man, Kan.
Walke, William— Priv, Co. K, 96th Ohio Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Walton, Henry, — Artificer, Co. H, 1st U. S. En- gineers, Hallowell, Kan.
Wall, Solomon, — Priv, Co. E, 69th Ohio Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Wiggins, H, — Priv, Co. A, I02d Ohio Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Wells, E. C.,— Corp., Co. G, 54th 111. Inf, Crest- line, Kan.
Watson, Charles, — Corp, Co. C, 6th Kans. Cav, Messer, Kan.
Williams, Clinton, — Corp, Co. H, 154th Ohio Inf., Crestline, Kan.
Williams, Lane, — Corp, Co. M, nth Mo. Cav, Smithville, Mo.
White, Nathan G.,— Corp., Co. K, 156th 111. Inf, Galena, Kan.
Warner, Samuel S, — Corp, Co. G, 203d Penn. Inf, Galena, Kan.
Weaver, Joshua, — Corp, Co. D, 38th 111. Inf., Crest- line, Kan.
Williams, Edward, — Corp, Co. I, 21st 111. Inf, Columbus, Kan.
Word, John,— Corp, Co. G, 76th Penn. Inf, Galena, Kan.
Wallace, G. W,— Priv, Co. H, 4th Mo. Cav, Bax- etr Springs, Kan.
Wagoner, J. J,— Priv, Co. H. 106th 111. Inf, Galena, Kan.
Wallaver, W. H,— Priv, Co. I, 45th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Wile, W. H,— Priv, Co. H, 3d Penn. Res. Co, Galena, Kan.
Williams, Jas. F, — Priv, Co. C, 2d Wis. Inf, Galena, Kan.
Wright, Andrew— Priv, Co. F, nth U. S. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Wenzel, William— Priv, Co. D, 47th Mo. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Whiton, William— Priv, Co. H, 25th Mo. Inf, Baxter Springs, Kan.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
195
Wallace, Joseph, — Corp., Co. D, 18th Ohio Inf., Galena, Kan.
Wahl, Lewis,— Priv., Co. F, 35th Ohio Inf., Keel- ville, Kan.
Winkleman, Fred, — Serg., Co. I. 2d Mo. Inf., Keel- ville, Kan.
Wright, L. M..— 1st Lt., Co. A, 2d Ohio Militia, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Wilbur, L. C— Corp., Co. B, 143d Penn. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Webber, Jacob— Priv., Co. A, 3d U. S. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Wasson, John R., — Priv., Mo. Independent, Mel- rose, Kan.
Waymire, N., — Corp., Co. K, 48th Ind. Inf., Melrose, Kan.
Wiley, B. J.,— Priv.. Co. F, 2d 111. Lt. Art., Melrose, Kan.
Wax, Samuel— Priv., Co. G, 38th 111. Inf., Chetopa, Kan.
West, I. P.— Priv., Co. D, 148th 111. Inf., Kansas City, Kan.
Willis, R. M.,— Priv., Co. I, I02d 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Woolsey, P. H,— Serg., Co. D, 46th 111. Inf. (dead.)
Walbert, Jonathan,— Priv., Co.* D, 25th Mich. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Wilson, W. H., Priv., Co. D, 21st Kan. Mt. Inf. (.dead.)
Weir, H. P.— Musician, Co. B, 42d 111. Inf., Weir, Kan.
Wagoner, James,— Priv., Co. K, 138th 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Winter, D.,— Serg., Co. I, Ohio Militia, Columbus, Kan.
Whitcraft, John,— Priv., Co. D, 39th Iowa Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Wells, James H.,— Priv., Co. A, 103 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Williams, Samuel,— Priv., Co. C, 40th Tenn. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Wilson, T. J.,— Corp., Co. M, 2d Iowa Caw, Colum- bus, Kan.
Willard, A,— Priv., Co. C, 6th Kans. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Weaver, T. C— 1st Lt., 53d 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Walker, Henry S.,— Priv., Co. G, 6th Ind. Cav., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Whipple, E. R.,— Musician, 20th 111. Inf., Colum- bus, Kan.
Woostern, I.,— Priv., Co. M, 2d Kans. Cav., Empire City, Kan.
Winters, Solomon L.,— Serg., Co. I, 56th Mass. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Webb, Thomas, — Kansas Militia, Empire City. Kan.
Williams, E. M., — Corp., Co. A, 6th Mo. Cav., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Warren, E. T., — Serg., Co. G, 18th Conn. Inf., Bax- ter Springs, Kan.
Walker, W. A., — Surg., Co. L, 5th Mo. Cav., Galena, Kan.
Warren, L. A., — 1st Lt., Co. G, 19th Ky. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Wasson, J. A., — Priv., Co. G, 15th Iowa Inf., Galena, Kan.
Williams, Thomas, — Serg., Co. E, 10th Mo. Militia, Baxter Springs, Kan.
Willabee, John— Priv., Co. D, 94th 111. Inf., Baxter Springs, Kan.
Williams, H. C,— Priv., Co. C, 9^d 111. Inf., Galena, Kan.
Webb, Geo. W.,— Capt., Co. A, 38th Ind. Inf.,
Weldy, L. C— Priv., Co. F, 83d Ohio Inf., Galena, Kan.
Zimmerman, J. J.,— Priv., Co. B, inth 111. Inf., Columbus, Kan.
Zook, Thomas, — Serg., Co. B, 15th Kans. Cav., Columbus, Kan.
Zimmerman, J. T„— Priv., Co. H, 187 111. Inf., Sher- win, Kan.
THE EX-UNION SOLDIERS' INTER-STATE RE- UNION,
Held annually at Baxter Springs, Kansas, is perhaps the greatest soldiers' reunion in the world. It has become such wholly without public aid of any kind. The enthusiasm which gave rise to it, and which has since sustained it. came itself out of the spirit of the "Border War" back in the late "fifties," and which ex- tended to, and became a part of, the great Civil War, which bad its outbreak in 1861. While the reunion had its rise under the control of men who, for the most part, were from other States, and did not participate in the ante-bel- lum struggles on the "Border." it is not wide of the truth to say that no State but Kansas could foster and sustain so great an annual soldiers' reunion. The incident which, more than all other incidents, gave rise to the re- union is that of the massacre of General Blunt's body-guard, by Ouantrell, guerrilla chief of the
196
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
"troublous times," on the side of the South. In the chapter of this volume devoted to the his- tory of Baxter Springs an account of the mas- sacre is given.
Charles \V. Daniels, of Baxter Springs, one of the men who have been in control of the re- union since the first, and who is yet as enthusi- astic as ever, has written me a letter which gives an account of the inception of the reunion and an outline of what it has grown to be; and to me it seems proper that the letter shall be given here, in full, in his own language, which those who know him will quickly recognize. It follows :
"In October, 1863, Ouantrell. the famous guerrilla, made an attack on the garrison in the fort at Baxter Springs, then a small, half-way station, between Fort Scott and Fort Gibson. He was repulsed, with some loss; but he was preparing for another attack, when he was in- formed that a small detachment of Union sol- diers were on their way from Fort Scott, and would soon arrive at the fort. He then deployed his men in such a way as to form an ambuscade just north of the famous chalybeate springs and succeeded in almost completely surrounding the Union force, before they were aware of his presence. The Union soldiers surrendered, without firing a gun.
"The detachment was acting as a body guard to General Blunt, and it consisted of two companies of the Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry, some detached horsemen and a brass brand. The General and a few of the soldiers escaped ; but about one hundred and sixty, who surren- dered, were lined up and shot down, in cold blood. It was one of the most fiendish, brutal and uncalled-for massacres of the war.
"About the year 1883, twenty years after the massacre, the government had all the bodies of the murdered men that could be found taken up and transferred to a military lot in the Bax- ter Springs Cemetery. A magnificent monu-
ment was erected on the lot, and the American flag now floats over the sacred remains of our fallen comrades. In this same year a few of the Union soldiers concluded to hold a reunion on the old battle-field. Some of these men are alive to-day and are still in control of the big reunion at Baxter Springs ; but J. R. Hallo- well. R. P. McGregor, J. P. Hartley, L. C. Weldy, and others, have passed away. Am those living are John M. Cooper. J. J. Frib- ley. C. W. Daniel's. F. D. W. Arnold and S. O. McDowell.
"The first reunion was held in the north part of the city of Baxter Springs, where our martyred comrades fell ; and it was a real hot one. It was all blue. There was no comming- ling of 'the blue and gray' on that old battle- ground. The attendance was quite liberal, and the enthusiasm and the effervescent loyalty was immense. The sham battle was a particularly noted feature, with quite a number of casual- ties; but the sortie at night was terrific. Sol- diers seemed to forget that the war was over, or that Kansas might be a loyal State. Raids were made on the peaceful citizens, by squads and details ; chicken houses and pig pens were assaulted ; gardens were bombarded ; cows were milked ; drug stores were ravished ; mules dared not bray, and pigs ceased to squeal ; two 'blind tigers' were raided and demolished, and no rooster attempted to crow in Baxter Springs for more than a month. In fact, it was sure enough war times in old Baxter Springs. The entire night was made hideous with jay-bird bands, tom-toms, hew-gags. and other musical instruments of warfare, accompanied by war songs, war whoops and rebel yells.
"This first reunion proving such an emi- nent success, it was decided to hold another the next year; and this also proving satisfactory, they have been held annually ever since that time, until they have grown to be the monster gatherings we now behold, where, annually, at
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least fifty thousand people gather around the fires of Camp Logan, to listen to the war sto- ries, music, songs and speeches of the men who made things hot for the 'Solid South' in the days of 1861-65.
"In 1890 a charter was obtained, a stock company of old soldiers formed, officers elected, grounds purchased and buildings erected. As the institution continued to grow, more land was required, and in 1899 one hundred acres were bought, on the banks of Spring River, just south of Baxter Springs. It is a most magnificent grove of forest trees, hills, hollows, springs, brooks and everything to make an ideal camping ground. In this new park The Inter- State Reunion Association has erected a new and commodious amphitheater ; they have cleared and beautified the grounds, made roads, built a fine system of water works, purchased an elegant electric launch and induced the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway Company to build a track two miles long, into the grounds, so that passengers may be landed right in the center of the camp.
"There are no meetings in the West, of any kind, that approach the Baxter Springs re- unions, in point of numbers, enthusiasm or per- fect enjoyment. Thousands of people, citizens as well as soldiers, come every year, with their families, and spend a whole week, tenting on the old camp ground. The association provides soldiers and war widows with tents, wood, straw and water, all free. They have shady groves for citizens' private tents, and more than eighty acres for parking teams. They provide the best of instrumental and vocal music, glee clubs and orators that the country affords.
"In order to attract and entertain this vast crowd of visitors, there are a half a mile of side- shows, restaurants, fakers, peanut roasters, juice racks, hot tamales, cider mills, lunch joints, Jew stores, cigar spindles, shooting gal- leries, knife racks, red lemonade, fortune tell-
ers, faith healers, witch doctors, and a thou- other interesting, instructive and amusing fea- tures to please the old and the young. Then there is Red Hot street, with its many varied and unique devices, leading up to the show- grounds, and the celebrated Midway, or 'Pike,' where may be found twenty or thirty sho -. museums, exhibitions, vaudevilles and spectac- ular sensations. Here we have the Ferris Wheel, the Grand Carousal, the Loop-the- Loop, the Shoot-the-Chutes, the Scenic Rail- way, the Electric Fountain, the Slide-for-Life, the High-Dive and many other thrilling and astounding devices of the Twentieth Century. Every year new and attractive features, and better accommodations for the Old Boys in Blue, are added, so that all may be assured of a full measure of enjoyment and comfort.
"Nearly all of the old officers of the asso- ciation who are living are still in control; but the active management has been, to a great ex- tent, relegated to some of the younger men. or 'Sons of Veterans,' who will gradually but surely replace the old veterans, whose terms of service will soon expire. The following is the list of the present officers : President, John M. Cooper; 1st vice-president, J. J. Fribley; 2nd vice-president, F. D. W. Arnold ; 3rd vice-pres- ident, J. V. McNay; secretary, C. W. Daniels: treasurer, J. J. Fribley; platform, A. C. Hille- goss; reception, J. M. McNay; general mana- ger, C. E. Collins; license agent, Charles L. Smith."
A more lovely or a more suitable site for great gatherings could not be found anywhere in all the country than the Inter-State Reunion grounds near Baxter Springs, Kansas. The immediate site of the grounds where the pa- vilion is located is upon a high bluff overlooking Spring River and a broad valley beyond. Be- tween the bluff and the river there is a narrow- lowland covered with stately elms and other forest trees beneath which there is a sward of
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bluegrass and white clover running down to the edge of the stream. The view of the land- scape, from the bluff, looking toward the east and northeast for many miles, is of a beauty rarely equaled, and in some respects never ex- celled. The whole valley is checked out in farm plats, and here and there are the comfortable homes of thrifty, contented families whose in- dustry and tasteful care have given to the whole an attractiveness which always delights and never tires the beholder. On the 20th of July, 1904, Preston Daniels, a brother of C. W. Daniels, secretary of The Inter-State Reunion Association, took me over the association's grounds and pointed out the natural beauties which make up their attractiveness. A great deal of work has been done in clearing out the undergrowth and opening longer vistas along the little valleys and up and down the sloping hills, and much yet remains to be done; but under the skillful direction of the association's managers nothing is being left undone that will add comfort and delight to the thousands of people who annually gather there. In years to come it will most surely be one of the most popular resorts in the great Southwest; for to its natural beauty will be added what art can do. The water power of Spring River, turned into electric energy, will be a big factor in the work. An electric road is soon to be built, a thorough system of lighting the grounds will be put in and numerous electric launches will be provided.
It is a part of the program at the annual meetings of the reunion, to have the best speak- ers that can be obtained, many of them being men of wide reputation. In former years the reunion has been addressed by J. R. Hallowell, George T. Anthony. D. R. Anthony, Governor
Humphrey, Governor Bailey, Governor Stan- ley, Governor Glick, J. K. Cubbison, T. B. Dawes, John J. Ingalls, Bishop W. Perkins, Senator Plumb, Chester I. Long, Senator Lu- cian Baker, Webster Davis, Henry Watterson, Col. R. W. Blue, Charles Curtis, A. M. Jack- son, P. P. Campbell, Thomas Moonlight, Mary Ellen Lease, Bernard Kelly, General Prentiss, Judge Glasse, Judge Madison and Charles Scott.
The part which the ex-Union soldier, more than any one else, will take in the development and permanent establishment of the resort, will grow less as the years go on ; but to him is due the credit for the effort which marked the incep- tion of the undertaking, and which, up to the present, has given it a direction and growth portentious of greater things. He may be out- numbered in the vast throngs which annually come to spend a few days amidst the delightful surroundings which Nature and Art have pro- vided ; but the influence which he has exerted in laying the foundation, and in making possi- ble the great superstructure yet to be builded, can never be eliminated and counted as naught, even by those who look upon it from a view- point far in the future. The boom of the can- non may cease, the sound of the fife and drum may die away and the stories of heroism and valor may pass into history, to be read and not told ; but the effects of what men have done, in the feverish hour of strife, in the battle strug- gles of the nation, and what they have done toward commemorating the events which have marked the nation's course, can never cease to be of interest to the coming generations, though they can never gather it only from the lifeless page of cold, historic facts.
CHAPTER. XVII.
MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS
In writing the history of a county, where one is limited to a short time, as in the present instance, it is nearly impossible to get the sub- ject matter arranged consecutively, either in respect to the time of the occurrence of events or as to the order of their importance. On this account I have, at the close of the work of preparing the copy for this history, found it necessary to write a chapter on miscellaneous matters, which have come to me after matters of a similar character, with some not of a similar character, have been prepared and sent away to the printer. This chapter is designed to take the place of the one announced in the prospectus to cover the incidents of the lives of the early settlers, related by themselves ; and there are some things not covered in the origi- nal design.
The first matter of which a narrative is giv- en is that covered by the experiences and obser- vations of Joseph Wallace, who was among the first settlers of Cherokee County, and who had much to do in its public affairs. I believe it the more interesting to follow Mr. Wallace's own language in this narrative, which can not be other than of interest to those who can re- call the early days. It is here given :
"It was in the fall of 1858 that news came to the East that gold had been discovered along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains, near where Denver now stands. This caused a great excitement in the States east of the Mis- sissippi River, as was usually the case concern-
ing gold discoveries in those days ; and it caused a large emigration from tthe States, for many persons eagerly sought the Eldorado of the West, upon hearing of the discovery of gold.
"With thousands of others, we left Ohio, for Leavenworth, Kansas Territory, in the spring of 1859, there to begin the journey across what was known as the Plains of Kan- sas and the Great American Desert, to make our fortunes in the new gold fields which had so recently been discovered.
"Conveyance in those days was by the slow process made with ox teams, or in wagons drawn my mules. This gave an excellent op- portunity for observation and for one to form conclusions as to the agricultural and future commercial possibilities of the plains and des- erts of Kansas and Colorado. One could take his time in these matters, as the wagon trains made their way slowly over these vast stretches of dreary, desolate wastes of country.
"We left Leavenworth at the last of March, in the year 1859, taking our way along Fre- mont's southern route, for the most part, until we reached the mountains. On our return the next fall we took the route of the Platte River trail. The conclusion arrived at. from crossing this vast reach of country, was that Kansas would be one of the greatest granaries of the nation, and that the so-called American Desert in connection with the plains, would be the meat producer of the world. These observa-
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tions and conclusions induced me to seek a home in the West.
"The Civil War began soon after our re- turn from the gold fields of the mountains ; and when the call for volunteers was made by Presi- dent Lincoln, I enlisted and served out my term. When the smoke of battle had passed away; when the carnage had ceased, and when the ensign of peace waved over the land and quiet was restored. I followed the tide of home- seekers, in 1866, as they took their way west- ward along the course of the general trend of population. I came to Kansas, and stopped a while at Ouindaro, in Wyandotte County. There I taught the white school in the summer and in the winter 1 taught in the Freedmen's University, all the while seeking, by inquiry and observation, for some suitable location where I might make a home. Learning of the Cherokee Neutral Strip, and being favorably impressed by what I heard of it ; its location in the southeastern part of the State, where were beautifully undulating prairies and streams of pure, clear water, and hearing that it was to come in for settlement, under the homestead pre-emption laws, I concluded to visit it, and I determined that, if its climate and its agricul- tural possibilities suited me, I would settle there and roam no more.
"It was in the early part of August. 1867, that I saddled up 'old Gray' and started on my journey for the promised land. Be it remembered that, at the time of which I write, there were no railroads in Kansas, south of the Kaw River. All travel had to be by vehicle, on horseback or by going on foot. I made my way to Fort Scott, which required several days. After resting there one night, I had an early- breakfast and started south, hoping, if possible. to reach Baxter Springs that night. As I passed along over the beautiful prairies I was careful to make close observations as to the natural resources of the country, in order to de-
termine what inducements there might be for attracting immigrants here to pitch their tents and afterwards to build homes. On the south side of Drywood Creek, some distance south of Fort Scott, I saw some campers, off at the road- side, and not knowing why they had stopped so early in the day, and being on the alert for in- formation, I stopped and engaged them in con- versation. Among them I found David Har- lan, a Cherokee Indian, who lived on Shoal Creek and owned the land where the Galena water-works now stand. From his looks and his conversation I would not have considered him other than an immigrant seeking his home in the West ; but I soon found that he had a vast fund of knowledge of the country ; that he was a walking encyclopedia of history. I ob- tained much useful information. He was familiar with the Cherokee Neutral Lands, from north to south, and he could point out all the good and all the bad locations. After I had conversed with him a good while, and was about to mount and ride away, he asked me if I knew the danger of attempting to cross the big prairie which lay before me, during the heat of the day. I was surprised to learn that danger lurked in the prairies in the daytime. He informed me that the enemy was not of human form, but that it was more numerous, more bloodthirsty and more aggressive. He described them and told how they waged their deadly work ; that horses and cattle had fallen by the wayside, robbed of their life blood. The enemy consisted of innumerable green-head flies. All the early settlers now living well remember what a pest these small, voracious insects were during the time the pioneers were developing the agricultural resources of Chero- kee County.
"On the big prairie over which I had to pass there was not a house to be seen on either side of the road or trail, for more than twenty miles, and there was not a shrub of any kind any-
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where to be found; but this vast stretch of virgin soil, over which the home seeker hur- hiedly passed in the summer season, in order to escape the fly pest, and w hich he dreaded in winter, on account of the unobstructed, cut- ting winds, is now thickly studded with beau- tiful homes and checked off in fertile farms, and the greater part of it is underlaid with a vein of coal from 36 to 42 inches thick. This is one instance in which the pioneer of t,j and 38 years ago failed to grasp the future possi- bilities of the Neutral Lands.
"About dusk the campers were ready for the movement for crossing the prairie at night. Being the only one on horseback, I started in advance. The route lay along the General Scott military road, which the government had established between Fort Scott and Fort Gib- son. The ride was a long, dreary, lonesome one, with nothing to disturb the solitude of the night. About three o'clock in the morning we saw evidences of human habitation ; here and there a log cabin and a little inclosure. Seeing a hay stack a short distance from the road, we used a portion of it for beds, and lying down we slept tranquilly until the meadow lark and the finch bade us arise and resume our journey to the south. About ten miles farther on we came to Pleasant View, then the county seat of Cherokee County. It was a village of about 25 inhabitants. While here I was urged to go west to where Weir City now stands, because there was in that lo- cality a beautiful scope of country well suited for agricultural purposes. Here is where my foresight failed me. I pushed ahead to Baxter Springs, at that time the largest town in the county, or even in the Neutral Strip.
"On arriving at Baxter Springs, I found quite a stirring, frontier town, full of home- seekers and adventurers ; but there were many substantial citizens engaged in various com- mercial pursuits. A big excitement arose on
the streets the first evening after my arrival, it being reported that a father and son had been murdered on Rock Creek, a short distance south of town, in the Indian Territory. As we learned afterward, the criminals were never found; but some years afterward a man who was about to be executed under a judgn : ; rendered by 'Jn<-'&e Lynch' confessed that lie was one of the murderers, and told that it was committed in order to secure a lot of fat cat- tle which the father and son were driving north to market. I gave my six-shooter to a man wlio was going, with others, in pursuit of the suspects. They were overtaken in Bates County. Missouri, and were brought back to Baxter Springs; but they proved their inno- cence, and the curious were disappointed in not having a hanging-bee. Criminals were sum- marily dealt with in those days, in the vicinity of Baxter Springs. It seemed a necessary evil, resorted to in order to protect the immi- grants and to deter evil men.
"After a good night's rest at the best I'' itel in the town (which, by the way, was a half- finished, box house), I started north in the morning-, in quest of a small portion of the Neutral Lands. An hour's ride brought me four miles north of Baxter Springs. Here I found a man mowing in the prairie, and I en- gage:! him in conversation, and was informed that he had a claim on a quarter section, which he would sell. I looked it over, got his price, and. learned that it was what was then known as a treaty-right claim. The bargain was closed by my paying him the price asked. Erecting a log cabin, a frontiersman's castle. I moved in and commenced to learn the first les- sons of a pioneer's life. Here we encountered the hardships and passed through the vicissi- tudes of the early-settler period in subduing wild nature and making Cherokee County one of the foremost counties in the State. From the North, East and South came ex-soldiers
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and civilians, all expecting to obtain homes un- der the homestead and pre-emption laws ; but here was one of the many cases where the gov- ernment authorities thought more of one man than of the thousands of brave defenders of the nation's honor. Here began a two-fold struggle; one to subdue the soil and make it produce food for ourselves and little ones and for shelter to protect us from the storms of winter; the other against a soulless monopoly which was seeking either to drive us from the homes we had builded or to extort from us an unjust price for them. The struggle was long and bitter, causing much anxiety and doubt ; but it bound most of the settlers, all over the Strip, into a firm brotherhood. We early identified ourselves in the fight with those who were struggling against the common oppressor; and we stayed with it until a partial victory was won.
"The home defenders were known as 'Leaguers.' By epithet, they were called 'Bloody Leaguers,' 'Idlers' and 'Cut Throats.' And yet not a grave ever marked the resting place of any person at the hands of the fear- less defenders of our homes. Instances did oc- cur where persons 'jumped' or attempted to take the claims of the Leaguers. In such case they were simply ordered to move off. This was business, and it had its moral effect. One instance, in our immediate neighborhood, serves to illustrate how the Leaguers did busi- ness : A Leaguer, before the fight was over, concluded to sell his claim and improvements. Finding a purchaser who offered to pay the price, he moved off and gave possession, before the payment was made. After being repeatedly asked to pay for the claim, the purchaser coolly informed the Leaguer that possession was nine points in law. and he told the Leaguer to help himself if he could. The matter was brought before the League, of which I was chairman, and a decision was soon reached. About two
o'clock that night fifty mounted Leaguers sur- rounded the house, harnessed up the man's horses and hitched them to his wagon. They then ordered him to get ready, with his family, take what wraps they wanted and get into the wagon. He begged like a fine fellow, made many fine promises and promised to be good, if left alone. We politely told him that prom- ises seemed easily broken, and that possession is often ten points, under our law. He and his family were bundled into the wagon, a driver took the lines, a guard went in front and another in the rear, and not a word was spoken until we came to Spring River. There a good fire was built, and then he was informed that he would not be harmed, in the least, pro- vided he stayed there until the sun was an hour high the next morning; that if he or any of his family left before that time. Spring River was near, and he might have to swim. It worked like a charm, and the Leaguer had pos- session of his place by sun-up the next morn- ing, and the man who had been put off never attempted to do anything, which was very wise.
"Before we had our land prepared to raise a crop, we took our oxen and drove down into Missouri, which we called Egypt, and bought corn, flour, meat and other things, which we brought back into the land of promise. Many people in Missouri believed that they would always have a good market for their surplus, claiming that we could not raise anything in Kansas ; but we soon turned the tables and sold them corn.
"There is quite a difference between open- ing up a farm now and at the time of which I write. Lumber was scarce and very dear, farm implements were hard to obtain, all kinds of merchandise were high in price and fencing material was so scarce and high priced that it was next to the impossible for the settlers to get it. Fence wire was from 10 to 12 cents a pound. In fact, the dollar of those days was
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about the size of a quarter at this time. Nut- withstanding all these adverse conditions, the early settler struggled on until the light came and the gloom was dispelled. As a rule, we were all, as neighbors, at peace with one an- other and always ready to land a helping hand when any one was in need. Our religion was social equality, none contending for supremacy or to be more holy than his neighbor. The cabin of the settler was the church, where the community met, sang their hymns, offered their prayers and parted in peace. In those days party politics did not much concern the settlers. It was home, and how to defend it against the growing monster of greed which was then get- ting possession of the public domain. After the organization of the League, the League ticket ruled for years. I identified myself with the settlers, believing that the public domain, of right, belonged to the men who cultivated it, and not believing that might makes right, nor believing that the public domain, God's gift to all mankind, can by the might of money be con- trolled by the few and parceled out to the many, nor by legislative enactments given to one, to the detriment of the many who were compelled to purchase at unjust prices what, by right, belonged to them.
"From what we have passed through, en- dured and overcome in our struggles for the possession of the soil, and to erect homes, plant and grow groves and orchards and to diversify the once monotonous landscape, build school- houses and churches for the education of the youth and to lead them along the paths of higher morals, can we, the early settlers, be condemned for the fight which we made ? Of- ten our bill of fare consisted of sorghum, corn bread, fat meat, milk and water, and some- times coffee. Often, in my surveying trips over the county, I slept on a mattress of prairie hay, with pillows of the same material, the mattress resting upon a bedstead made of poles and in
a room where the earth served as a floor. This was all the settler could afford, and I cheerfully accepted the accommodation. Pride has had no fall in Cherokee County, but it has raised its head triumphantly through poverty's veil, and by honest toil it has brought this section of country to be second to no other. The hand that tames wild nature and makes it yield its hidden treasures moves the world."
Charles Stephens, a well-known attorney living in Columbus, has reminded me of a set of facts which may be put into a narrative of ii.terest to the readers of this history. It re- lates to the discovery and development of min- eral directly east of Columbus, on Spring River. The narrative follows :
"What has been known as the John Roush farm and the J. K. Jones farm, over on Spring River, where the Frisco railroad crosses that stream, were settled in the 'sixties.' The for- mer tract was at one time owned and occupied by S. J. Ellis, who still lives near the place. The tract of land was then covered with heavy timber, but this wras finally cut off and the land was put into cultivation, by different individ- uals who never dreamed that they walked every day over millions of mineral wealth. S. J. Ellis, while living there, in a little log hut, gave a contract to an old man to dig a well, for water, near the house. Sufficient water was found at a depth of from fifteen to twenty feet. The man who dug it said he found pieces of lead and zinc, and he wanted to contract for the sinking of a shaft. Ellis, having no confi- dence in what the man said, and believing that he merely wanted further employment, refused the contract. For years he eked out a mere living on the farm, but soon after it fell into the hands of James Roush he found a small piece of lead ore at the edge of Spring River, which runs through the place; but he put oft* the matter through believing that some miners
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from Missouri had dropped the ore there. Rottsh made a living, for years, by tending the pumping plant of the railroad, on the bank of the river. In the meantime he mortgaged the farm and, being unable to pay the interest ac- cording to the contract, he lost it in foreclosure. in 1889.
"J. K. Jones early became the owner of the quarter section just south of the Roush farm. When he bought the place, he gave a mortgage for a part of the purchase price; and it was al- ways a struggle for him to meet the obligation. It seems there were two mortgages. When the first fell due, Jones was much perplexed, and he made all kinds of offers to get some one to take a lease on forty acres and put down holes in search of mineral he felt sure was there. He never lost confidence in the matter ; but, being financially unable to do anything himself to- ward developing the ground, he was almost frantic in his anxiety to induce some one else to undertake it. He always explained that he had found 'shines, down along the river,' and that there was no doubt as to there being mineral there. Finally, he made a lease to the Jones- boro Milling Company, in 1896, and this com- pany sank a shaft and opened up one of the greatest lead and zinc mines in the West, which is still being worked on a large scale.
"Mr. Jones took great pleasure in watching the great tubs of ore, as they were hoisted out of the mine, and he daily talked of the trip which he would take to California, a pleasure which had been the dream of his life. Fate had decreed it otherwise; for soon after he began to receive his royalties, in gratifying amounts, physical disabilities which had long hindered him from being a very active man were intensi- fied until death cut off his earthly hopes. The administrator of his estate sold the farm for $32,000, or at the rate of $100 an acre. There had been times, within the ten years next pre- ceding, when it could diave been bought for
$10 an acre. Not long after the first big sale, it was sold again, for $82,000, or at the rate of $512.50 an acre.
"In 1899, L. G. Scranton. L. H. Winter, George W. Humphrey and Charles Stephens, who were then the owners of the Roush farm, leased a portion of the farm, east of Spring River, to P. C. Stephens and Charles Stephens, as the firm of Stephens Brothers. They sank a shaft near a natural cave in the land, passing through a very rich body of ore at a depth of 65 feet. This was the first shaft east of the river, in what is known as the Peacock Val- ley. Mining continued in this valley until 1901, when 40 acres of the Roush farm were sold for $36,000. or at the rate of $900 an acre, the United Zinc Company being the purchaser. This company began deep min- ing, opening up vast bodies of ore at depths ranging from 100 to 150 feet. Stephens Brothers consolidated their mines with the "Last Chance" mines, in 1902, under the cor- porate name of The Peacock Valley Mining Company, and a very large mill is now in operation, clearing from $500 to $1,500 a week. Five other mills are in operation at this point, and it is generally conceded to be among the richest mining land in the Galena-Joplin district. Three miles north of these mines, at the north end of the same valley, a mine known as the Lawton Mine is being operated, and a mill has recently been built there."
From the foregoing narrative it may be seen how people may live for a long time in the midst of natural riches, without ever com- ing into their enjoyment. John Roush and J. K. Jones, for many years eked out a hard, scanty living on their farms, practicing the most rigid economy in order to meet their obli- gations and at the same time support their fam- ilies. The former finally lost his home, through the foreclosure of a mortgage; the latter doing a little better by leasing
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his land and reaching a condition where life seemed to begin to be worth the living, when he was called away, as if to give others a chance to reap the rich harvests which might have come to him long years before. The good things of life seem not always to come to those apparently most in need, and who very often seem to be the most deserving. Fortune fre- quently frowning in cold disdain upon the earn- est seekers after a mere modicum of the com- forts of life, and as frequently dispensing her favors upon those who come by chance within the reach of her lavish hand.
An interesting narrative is given by Mrs. Leslie Patterson, of Mineral City. In early childhood she was left an orphan, and she was reared by Jacob Galer, of Ohio, who had a fondness for adventure, in the following of which he often went contrary to his wife's judgment, as men so often do, Jacob Galer first moved from Ohio to Illinois; then to Kan- sas; then to Iowa, where lie remained a while (of course only a short while) , and then moved to Missouri, settling in one of the finest por- tions of the State, but his roving spirit would not let him alone, and he came back to Kan- sas. It was in Iowa that Mrs. Patterson, then Olive Carter, a little child, was taken into the family. Jacob Galer's moving outfit consisted of two wagons, one drawn by three yoke of oxen, and the other by two yoke of oxen, and a lighter wagon drawn by two horses. He brought along a number of cattle and sheep and a few extra horses, the family, with the outfit, making quite a caravan. The begin- ning of the journey was from Trenton, Mis- souri, in the summer of 1865; the destination was unknown, only that it must be somewhere on the frontier. Jacob Galer's family consisted of himself, his wife, a daughter nearly grown and Olive Carter, the little girl whom they had taken to raise. Two men were hired to drive
the ox teams. Mrs. Galer drove the team of horses and Mr. Galer brought up the loose horses, cattle and sheep. At Cameron, Mis- souri, one of the men quit the company, and Mr. Galer had to take his place. From that point, on to Cherokee County, Kansas, the daughter and the little girl, then 11 years old, walked and drove the loose stock. They crossed the Missouri River at Kansas City and came south by the way of Fort Scott, from that point following the military road until they came to Shawnee Creek, just north of where Crestline now stands. They camped there one night, and the next day took a course west- wardly, and the next night they camped on what is now known as the Johnson farm, about two miles northwest of Columbus. Far along in the night, after the howling of the prairie wolves had lulled the family to sleep, it chanced that Mr. Galer awoke and saw a glaring light toward the southeast. It increased rapidly in brightness, and he wisely concluded that a prairie fire was advancing from the direction of Baxter Springs. He awoke the family, hitched the teams to the wagons, rounded up the herd, and the whole caravan moved off as fast as possible toward the west. Very early the next morning they came to a log cabin on Lightning Creek, the home of a family by the name of Hale. After getting breakfast about a camp- fire which they built on the bank of the creek, they started in a southwesterly direction and continued their way until they reached a point on the Neosho River, about a mile south of the place where the Frisco railroad now crosses the river. Here Jacob Galer laid a claim and lived for many years. He then bought what is now known as the Blincoe place, a mile and a half northwest of Colum- bus, But even then he was not satisfied, al- though he had moved from place to place enough, it would seem, to bring about a desire for settling down, if roving ever brings such a
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desire. The next change was when he sold out and moved to Washington Territory, and this was his last, for he died there, going out "seeking a better country."
I deem it not improper here to speak of John McLaughlin, who, in the spring of 1867, settled on the northeast quarter of section 12, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township, Cherokee County. He is mentioned here on account of his once being well known, a highly respected citizen of the county and a cultured gentleman, and on account of his tragic death. He was an Irish Presbyterian, a devout, earn- est Christian, a man of probity and of the highest integrity. At the time of his death he was a member of the Board of County Com- missioners, and in this position, as in all other relations of life, he displayed good judgment and constantly sought the best interests of the people. On an afternoon in the latter part of October, 1874, he and two sons, Willis and William, took a wagon and team and drove out to Lightning Creek, to get a load of wood. Prairie chickens were numerous then, and naturally they would take a gun, which they did. They were about three miles from home when they saw some chickens, and Willis, then 14 years old, got out of the wagon and then reached back for the gun. In taking it out the gun was discharged, the contents entering his father's body. The wound was not imme- diately fatal, but the flow of blood was so great that life could not long remain. Mr. Mc- Laughlin, knowing that he was going to die, directed one of the sons to get on a horse and go for his wife. The boy did so, and Mrs. McLaughlin was brought as quickly as possi- ble. The wounded man, first of all, charged his wife never in any way to blame the son for what he had done; that it was purely acci- dental, and that he must never be made to feel bad about it. He then directed her what to do
in winding up the estate, talking calmly and unexcitedly to the very last, and when he had gone over such things as he deemed it proper to mention he quietly and peacefully closed his eyes and was dead. No man could be more missed than John McLaughlin, either by his family or by those among whom he lived in the community ; for it is rare that one's acts and deeds are more disinterested and helpful than were his.
Among the early settlers of Cherokee County no one was better known than Capt. Sidney S. Smith, who was elected the first county superintendent, in 1866. He was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, July 26, 182 1, and while yet a young man he moved to Des Moines County, Iowa, and later to Mahaska County, in that State. He was married to Clementine Frederick, in that county, Novem- ber 24, 1847. Miss Frederick was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, January 13, 1828. Captain Smith came to Cherokee County in 1866; his family came the next year. They settled in the western part of Lola township, where they lived a short time, and then moved to Columbus. They had three daughters, who married, the oldest to W. R. Cowley, the sec- ond to Chester Branin, the youngest to R. C. Warren. Captain Smith died July 1, 1892. Mrs. Smith, now in her 77th year, lives in East Columbus, where she has an elegant home with her daughter, Mrs. Warren.
Captain Smith's death was a sad one. He was nearly 71 years old and somewhat hard of hearing ; but he was so energetic as always to be at work. On the afternoon of July 1, 1892, he had taken a plow from the field to a black- smith shop to have it sharpened, and he was on his way back to the field with the plow on his shoulder, and he on horseback, going east along the south part of Columbus. The wind
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blowing a gale from the south, and he being partially deaf, he did not hear a train which was going south. The engine killed both him and the horse instantly. Me was so well known and so highly respected that his frightful death created wide-spread sorrow over the county. He had been very prominent in public affairs, very energetic and determined in all his pur- poses. It is said to be largely due to him that the county seat trouble, which so divided the people for many years, was finally settled to the satisfaction of a majority of the people.
Mrs. Smith has the original election certi- ficate which was issued to Captain Smith when he was elected county superintendent. It is as follows :
State of Kansas, Cherokee County, ss.
I, William Little, County Clerk of Cherokee County, certify that, at an election held in the various townships of Cherokee County, on the 6th day of No- vember, 1866, Sidney S. Smith was duly elected to the office of superintendent of public instruction.
Witness my hand and seal, this the l"th day of July, 1867.
(Private Seal.) William Little,
Co. Clerk.
Dr. C. W. Hoag, of Weir, has handed me two comparatively old papers, which because of their association with men and things, it is thought proper to copy here. The first is a railroad pass ; the other is a commission author- izing him to perform the official duties of a justice of the peace. The railroad pass is as follows :
Missouri River, Fort Scott and Gulf Railroad, quarterly pass. third quarter. June 27, 1877. Pass C. W. Hoag, Agent at Coalfield, from June 30, to September 30, 1877.
W. L. Annette,
Superintendent.
The certificate of appointment and commis- 12
sion, as justice of the peace, was issued by George T. Anthony, then Governor of the State. Governor Anthony, who died about three years ago, was a cousin of the well known Susan B. Anthony, who has done so much to- ward the enfranchisement of women. The cer- tificate follows :
The State of Kansas. To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting :
Know ye, that I, George T. Anthony, Governor of the State of Kansas, reposing special trust and confidence in the integrity, patriotism and abilities of C. W. Hoag, on behalf and in the name of the State, do hereby appoint and commission him Justice of the Peace of Cherokee Township, Cherokee County, vice Henry Lincoln, de- ceased, and do authorize and empower him to dis- charge the duties of s'aid office according to law.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused to be affixed the Great Seal of the State.
Done at Topeka, this 27th day of April, A. D. 1877.
Georce T. Anthony. Attest : Thos. H. Cavanaugh, Secretary of State.
Dr. Hoag says that Judge A. H. Skidmore, then just admitted to the bar, tried his first case in his court, at the old town of Stillson, soon after the foregoing certificate was issued.
Col. William March, of Baxter Springs, re- lates a little incident of his journey when he first came to Kansas. It was in September, 1869. At that time the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad had not reached Fort Scott. Pleasanton was its southern terminus. Colonel March traveled by stage from that place to Baxter Springs. Between Fort Scott and Baxter Springs there was what was then known as "The Halfway House," a mere cabin on the prairie, where the stage horses were changed, and where passengers might get din- ner. There were several on the stage that day, and among them two or three ladies. The ride over the prairie gave all good appetites, and a number described what they would like to have-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
for dinner. Colonel March said he would like to have fried chicken, brown gravy, hot biscuits and good, strong coffee. When they arrived at the cabin and went in to sit down at the table, there was just such a dinner as he had de- scribed, including every detail. Colonel March has never yet determined whether "the woman of the house" had a mental message from him or not ; but he knows that he got what he wanted.
The following story is told by Cyrus W. Harvey, concerning the manner in which the Varck post office got its name :
The people of Quaker Valley wanted a post office established in their neighborhood. There was an old, somewhat influential man living at Baxter Springs. He was known as "Dad Var- rick." Through him a petition was sent on to Washington and placed in the hands of Dudley C. Haskell, a Member of Congress from this State. Haskell took the petition to the Fourth Assistant Postmaster General. The two talked over the matter, and in looking over the papers found that the people had recommended that the office be called Varrick; but it seems that, even then, the Department was in favor of mak- ing names of post offices as short as possible; names having but one syllable being preferred to longer ones. In this instance it was agreed that Varrick should be cut down to Varck, and so it remains to this day.
In a way, or for good reasons, Cherokee County lays some claim to Eugene F. Ware, at present the United States Commissioner of Pensions. Mr. Ware, when a very young man, settled in what is now Ross township. Various stories are related of his early struggles. He took a claim, and it is certain that he lived much as other people lived here in those days. It is said that he broke prairie with a large plow
drawn by ox teams, and that he often came to town in an ox wagon, and that he sometimes came barefooted. Others say that he did not go barefooted, in public ; but it is admitted that he was a sturdy plowman, and that he never shunned hard work. Mr. Ware was a close student while he was working on his farm, and it was not long until he quit tilling the soil, studied law and was admitted to the bar. But he liked other things also. He had a vivid im- agination, loved literature and sometimes wrote poetry, some of which is unexcelled. Here is his poem, — "The Washerwoman's Song," — which, with other poems, was published in a little book, "The Iron Quill," which has given the author more than local fame :
In a very humble cot, In a rather quiet spot, In the suds and in the soap, Worked a woman, full of hope; Working, singing, all alone In a sort of undertone, "With a Savior for a friend, He will keep me to the end."
Sometimes happening along, I had heard the semi-song, And I often used to smile, More in sympathy than guile ; But I never said a word In regard to what I heard, As she sang about her Friend Who would keep her to the end.
Not in sorrow nor in glee Working all day long was she. As her children, three or four. Played around her on the floor ; But in monotones the song She was humming all day long, "With the Savior for a friend, He will keep me to the end."
It's a song I do not sing, For I scarce believe a thing Of the stories that are told Of the miracles of old; But I know that her belief Is the anodyne of grief, And will always be a friend That will keep her to the end.
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Just a trifle lonesome she, Just as poor as poor could be, But her spirit always rose, Like the bubbles in the clothes., And though widowed and alone, Cheered her with the monotone, Of "a Savior and a friend" Who would keep her to the end.
I have seen her rub and scrub, On the washboard, in the tub, While the baby soaped in suds, Rolled and tumbled in the duds ; Or was paddling in the pools, With old scissors stuck in spools; She still humming of her Friend Who would keep her to the end.
Human hopes and human creeds Have their roots' in human needs ; And I would not wish to strip From this washerwoman's lip Any song that she can sing, Any hope that songs can bring; For the woman has a Friend Who will keep her to the end.
It has been said that this poem, when read by Theodore Roosevelt, some years before he became President of the United States, touched a tender spot in his "strenuous" nature, and that through it he was led to seek Mr. Ware's acquaintace. The acquaintance ripened into a close friendship, and afterward, when there was a vacancy, and the appointing power had come to him, he made Mr. Ware his commis- sioner of pensions. The appointment, though it may have been made through the following
of a sentiment, was prompted by good business judgment, and the people, particularly those of Kansas, have given it thorough approval.
I think that here should be given a fitting tribute to the memory of an unpretentious old man who recently departed this life, at the city of Columbus, at a very advanced age. George C. Bailey was born in Fort McHenry, near the city of Baltimore, Maryland, June 17, 181 1, and he died at Columbus, Kansas, August 9, 1904. He was an old-time gentleman, quiet of manner, rugged, of industrious habits and courteous in his demeanor toward others. He did not possess much of this world's goods, but he had a proud spirit, and an ambition never to be in any way dependent. Toward midnight, August 9, 1904, an old clock, which had been keeping him time for 73 years, was ticking away the seconds in the quiet room, when he turned his face to his daughter-in-law and said : "Mary, what time is it ?" She told him that it was 10 minutes to 12. Then he said : "I guess I shall be going soon, for I think I have stayed long enough." Then he was quiet for a while, but breathing and yet in his mind, until the faithful old clock chimed the hour of "low twelve," and then all was over and the more than 93 years of the spirit's lingering here was at an end, and it was free to go elsewhere, into the beauties and glories of the higher life.
■*&t &
HON. SAMUEL J. CRAWFORD
Representative Citizens
ON. SAMUEL J. CRAWFORD, ex- Governor of Kansas and a distin- guished lawyer, whose portrait ac- companies this sketch, lias a beautiful country home in section 6, township 35, range 25, in Garden township, Cherokee County, Kansas. He was born in Lawrence County, Indiana, near Bedford, April 10, 1835, and is a son of William and Jane (Morrow) Crawford. Mr. Crawford's ancestors were Scotch- Irish and came to America at an early period in the colonial days. His paternal grandfather served in the Revolution as a soldier from North Carolina, and his maternal grandfather was a planter in the same State. His father, William Crawford, migrated to Indiana in 181 5, when it was a Territory, locating in Law- rence County, where he successfully farmed. Although he was born, reared and educated in a slave State, he had an unconquerable preju- dice to the institution of slavery, and therefore sought a home in the territory northwest of the Ohio, where slavery and involuntary servitude had been forever prohibited.
Samuel J. Crawford was reared on his father's farm and attended the common schools and also an academy at Bedford. At the age of 21 years, he became a student-at-law in the office of Hon. S. W. Short of Bedford, Indiana, where he continued until the fall of 1857, when he entered the Law School of Cincinnati Col- lege, from which he was graduated in 1858.
In March, 1859, he came to Kansas Territory and located at Garnett, the county seat of An- derson County, where he engaged in the prac- tice of his profession. He was elected a mem- ber of the first State Legislature, convened at Topeka, March 27, 1861. The swiftly follow- ing- events of secession thrilled loval Kansas to the very core, and Mr. Crawford, respond- ing to the call of President Lincoln in 1861 for 75,000 volunteers, resigned his seat in the Leg- islature, returned home and recruited a com- pany, of which he was chosen captain. This company, designated as Company E. was as- signed to the 2d Regiment, Kansas Vol. Inf., and mustered into the United States service. He participated under gallant General Lyon in the battle of Wilson's Creek and various other battles of the campaign in Missouri fought dur- ing the summer of 1861. As it had suffered severe losses, the regiment was ordered home to Kansas and reorganized in the winter of 1861-62 as the 2d Regiment, Kansas Vol. Cav. Captain Crawford was assigned to command of Company A and was soon thereafter given command of a battalion. He participated with the regiment in the battles of Newtonia, Old Fort Wayne, Cane Hill, Prairie Grove and other engagements fought by General Blunt during the Trans-Mississippi campaign of 1862. In these engagements he developed ex- traordinary ability as a cavalry leader and was complimented in general orders for his gallant
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services at Old Fort Wayne, Cane Hill and Prairie Grove. In March, 1863, although hold- ing the rank of captain, he was assigned to command of the 2d Regiment, Kansas Vol. Caw, and led the regiment in the campaign of that year through the Indian Territory and Western Arkansas, which resulted in the en- gagements at Perryville, Backbone Mountain and the capture of Fort Smith by the Federals. The 2d Regiment covered itself with glory in these memorable campaigns. In October,
1863, Captain Crawford was promoted colonel of the 83d United States Colored Infantry and with his regiment accompanied General Steele on the Shreveport (Louisiana) expedition, which moved southward in March, 1864, from Fort Smith and Little Rock and co-operated with General Banks in his Red River campaign, participating in the battles of Prairie D'Ane and Saline River. At the latter engagement Colonel Crawford charged and captured a bat- tery, which his men brought off by hand, their horses having been killed or disabled. After this battle he returned with the 7th Army Corps to Little Rock, and thence, with the Kansas Division under the command of General Thayer, to Fort Smith, Arkansas. In July.
1864, Colonel Crawford commanded an expe- dition that was sent into the Choctaw Nation in pursuit of the Rebel general, Standwattie, whom he routed.
On September 8, 1864. Colonel Crawford was nominated as Republican candidate for Governor of Kansas. Obtaining leave of ab- sence, he returned to Kansas, arriving at Fort Scott on October. 9th. There he learned that a heavy body of Rebels under General Price was moving westward through Central Mis- souri with the design of devastating Kansas. He hastened to Kansas City, arriving there October 17th, reported to General Curtis, com- manding the Federal forces there assembling to resist General Price, and was assigned to
duty as a volunteer aide. A few days later the battle of the Blue, Westport and Mine creeks were fought, and at the last named engagement Colonel Crawford ordered and participated in a charge of two brigades of cavalry that re- sulted in capturing the Confederate generals. Marmaduke and Cabell, 500 prisoners and eight pieces of artillery. This battle closed his military career in the Civil War, having partici- pated in all battles fought west of the Missis- sippi River, with the exception of Pea Ridge. On April 13, 1865, he was promoted by the President of the United States to the rank of brigadier-general, by brevet, for meritorious services in the field.
On November 7, 1864, General Crawford was elected Governor, and in 1866 was chosen for a second term. Governor Crawford and his friend, Governor Holbrook, of Vermont, are the only two of the war Governors that now survive. During his service as Governor, he reorganized and consolidated the volunteer reg- iments in Kansas and secured the enactment of new laws under which the State militia was placed on a sure footing for the protection of the people against Rebel invasions and Indian incursions. He devoted much of his time to the establishment and maintenance of the vari- ous State institutions and on his retirement from office left the Deaf, Mute, Blind and In- sane asylums, the State University, the Agri- cultural College and the State Normal School in successful operation.
During 1867-68 hostile bands of Indians hovered on the borders of Kansas, driving back the incoming settlers, checking the construction of railroads and threatening to cut off com- munication between Kansas and the Western States and Territories. For two years an In- dian war of savage barbarity was carried on. Many settlers were killed and scalped, prop- 1 erty destroyed, women and children outraged and others carried into captivity to suffer a fate
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worse than a thousand deaths. The Federal forces stationed on the border, and State troops furnished by Governor Crawford proved in- adequate. The Indians followed their usual custom of making' war during the summer months and then retreated to their homes in the Indian Territory to be clothed, fed and nurtured by the government in the winter. Finally, as a culmination of the Indian out- rages, in August, 1868, the settlements of Northwestern Kansas were raided by Indians, who killed and wounded some forty persons, carried women into captivity and committed other atrocities. When the terrible details of this last massacre reached Governor Crawford's ears, he proceeded at once to the scene of dis- aster, saw that the dead were properly buried and the wounded cared for, then returned to Topeka, organized the 19th Regiment, Kansas Vol. Caw, resigned his office as Governor, and with his regiment accompanied Custer, then lieutenant-colonel of the 7th United States Cav- alry, the whole force being under the command of General Philip H. Sheridan, on the historic campaign into the interior of the wild country bordering on Texas, where the hostile tribes had always felt secure from punishment during the winter seasons. These Indians were at- tacked and defeated in the Washitaw Valley, in what is now Oklahoma Territory, in December, 1868, and several of the chiefs held as hostages until the captive white women were delivered up.
Governor Crawford returned home after the campaign and practiced law in Topeka. For many years he has been attorney for the Indians, and many interesting notes may be found in the State Historical Library, in his briefs. Governor Crawford is of imposing presence, standing six feet two inches in height, of Herculean form, symmetrically propor- tioned, and has a pair of shoulders that Atlas might fairly envy. He has a handsome resi-
dence at Washington, and also one at Topeka. His summer home is a quarter section of land in Garden township, Cherokee County, inter- sected by Spring River. It is beautifully sit- uated on a hill in the southwestern part of the township, one mile north of the Indian Terri- tory, and from its elevation can be seen the Court House at Columbus and the beautiful fields between. He has his farm well stocked with standard animals, in which he takes a pride, and also has set out a good peach orchard.
On November 2j, 1866, General Crawford was united in marriage with Isabel M. Chase, an estimable and accomplished lady of Topeka, daughter of Enoch and Mary Chase of Massa- chusetts, where she was born. Her father was a large ship-builder of Newburyport, Massa- chusetts, on the Merrimac, and when he came to Kansas was one of the original five men win; laid out the town of Topeka, where both he and his wife died. Our subject and his wife became the parents of two children, as follows: Flor- ence, wife of Arthur Capper, proprietor of the Topeka Capital; and George, a graduate "i Yale and at the present time proprietor of a large printing house at Topeka, publishing the Mail and Breeze. He married Hortense Kelly, a daughter of Bernard Kelly, who was chaplain in the army, and to them were born two chil- dren : George Marshall and Isabel.
EORGE W. WALKER, M. D.. is a prominent practitioner of medicine at Melrose, Cherokee County, and is well known to the citizens of the county, among whom he has lived for many years. He was born on a farm near Lincoln, Logan County, Illinois, April 13, 1855, and is a son of John and Permelia (Ewing) Walker. John Walker was born in North Carolina
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in 1823, and when a boy went to Illinois with his parents, overland, being a pioneer of Logan County. He died there at the age of 34 years, when George W. was two years of age. He was a farmer by occupation. His wife was born in Moultrie County, Illinois, in 1828, and died in Logan County in January, 1894.
Dr. Walker was reared on a farm and at- tended the common schools until 1874, when he entered Lincoln University, at Lincoln, Illinois. His college course was interrupted for one year, during which time he engaged in teaching, and in 1880 he was graduated with the degree of A. B. He then taught school for a year, and in iSSi went to Oregon. Washington and Colo- rado with the primary object of seeing some- what of this great country. During his stay in the West, he was engaged in shipping grain. In 1882 he returned to Illinois, where he taught school until 1884. Then he came to Cherokee County, and taught school at Blue Mound for four years. In 1888 he was elected superin- tendent of the Weir City schools, and in 1890. superintendent of the city schools of Columbus. In that year he was a candidate on the Republi- can ticket, for county superintendent of schools, but was defeated by the candidate on the Alli- ance ticket. He was again the choice of his party for that office in 1894, but withdrew in favor of Edward Herod, who was elected. The subject of this sketch continued as superintend- ent of the Columbus schools until 1894. when he resigned to prepare for the medical profes- sion. He entered the medical department of the U/niversity of Kentucky at Louisville, and was graduated from that institution in 1897, with the degree of M. D. In April. 1897, he opened an office at Baxter Springs, and in the following June removed to Melrose, where he has since practiced with a high degree of success. He owns a farm of 40 acres one and a quarter miles west of Melrose, in Neosho
township, and also has city property, and is a man of high standing in the community.
In 1888, Dr. Walker was joined in mar- riage with Julia A. Atchison, a native of De- catur, Illinois, who died in 1890. at the early age of 25 years, leaving one son, Clarence E., who lives at Decatur, Illinois,. In 1900, the Doctor formed a second matrimonial alliance, wedding Julia A. Wise, a native of Kansas, and they have two daughters, — Permelia M. and Roberta. While attending college in Illinois, Dr. Walker united with the Presbyterian Church, of which he has since been a faithful member. Fraternally, he is a Master Mason ; a member of the Knights of Pythias ; Modern Woodmen of America ; Home Builders Union ; and Woodmen of the World.
ON. ANDREW H. SKIDMORE. The maternal ancestors of Mr. Skid- more were hardy Highlanders of Scotland, and those on the paternal side were of Scotch-Irish descent. At the be- ginning of his life, he was by nature well equip- ped for battling with the obstacles which one meets in the struggle for success, and his pa- tience, vigilance and perseverance have enabled him, by his own efforts, to succeed in every un- dertaking in which he has engaged.
Judge Skidmore was born in Randolph County, Virginia, now West Virginia, Febru- ary 14, 1855. While he was yet a boy, his par- ents moved to Illinois, where the family lived on a farm. He obtained such mental training as the country schools at that time afforded. After teaching one year, he spent 1874 and 1875 m the law department of the University of Michi- gan at Ann Arbor, and on September 14, 1876. he was admitted to the bar, before the Supreme Court of Illinois at Ottawa. Believing that
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the boundless West afforded better opportuni- ties for advancement in the profession of the law, he came to Kansas, and on November 14, 1876, opened an office in Columbus. Here he continued in the practice of the law uninter- ruptedly until he was elected to the bench of the Eleventh Judicial District of Kansas, in 1894. He was reelected in 1898. After he had served eight years on the bench, he resumed his gen- eral practice, in 1893.
While occupying the position of judge of the Eleventh Judicial District, Judge Skidmore was fair in his rulings, considerate toward the less fortunate, fearless in the discharge of his duty, and yet prudent in the application of the law. His course was noted for the energy he displayed, his economical manner of conduct- ing the business of the court, the general fair- ness he extended to all., and his clear, concise decisions in disposing of the legal questions which came before him. For the first six years of his service, the district was large, including Cherokee, Labette and Montgomery counties. Naturally there were many closely contested cases, and as a matter of course, many appeals to the Supreme Court. The records of that court show fewer reversals of the decisions of Judge Skidmore than of those of any other judge in the State of Kansas, for a similar period and in a like number of appeals. While he always presided over the court with becom- ing dignity, he was constantly courteous to at- torneys, and kindly in his treatment of every class of litigants that sought the benefits of a just administration of the law. The result was that when he retired from the bench, he did so with the good will of the members of the bar, and of all his constituents, regardless of party affiliation.
In 1902 Judge Skidmore erected a fine, brick office building, on the northwest corner of the square, in Columbus, where, as senior mem- ber of the firm of Skidmore & Walker, he now
has his office, and is engaged in a lucrative practice. He stands in the front rank of his profession, being a safe counsellor, careful in the preparation of the cases put into his hands, expert in trial proceedings, and always loyal to his clients. He is a logical reasoner and an able advocate.
Judge Skidmore resides with his family in the suburbs of Columbus, where they have a beautiful, well appointed home, and where they live in the enjoyment of the fruits of his well directed efforts in life.
The subject of this sketch married Alice M. Allen, who was born in Wisconsin, and ac- companied her father, the late Gilbert Allen, to Cherokee County, in 1875. He was engaged in the coal business, and was also the owner of a large body of land. His death took place in 1902, at the age of 84 years. Four children have been born to Judge Skidmore and his wife, namely : Mrs. Daisy A. Dillard, of Cher- okee; Etta May, wife of James C. Broadley, cashier of the Bank of Weir City ; Andrew Allen, who is attending school; and Hazel B., who died, aged four years.
Politically, Judge Skidmore is an active Republican. He has been chairman of the Re- publican County Central Committee, and has taken a prominent part in public affairs for many years. Fraternally he is a Mason and Knight Templar, and belongs also to the Knights of Pythias, the Ancient Order of Uni- ted Workmen, and the Modern Woodmen of America.
A. SCAMMON, M. D., whose long and honorable professional life of 34 years has made him known to almost every resident of Columbus. Kansas. was born at Saco. Maine, and is a son of Luther and Rhoda (Carter) Scammon.
Luther Scammon moved with his family
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
from Maine to Illinois, in 1845, and settled in Bureau County. In 1876 he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he died in 1878, aged 70 years. His widow survived until 1896, dy- ing when 88 years old. The family consisted of four sons and one daughter, viz : E. A. ; S. F.. who died in July, 1902, having settled on a farm near Scammon, Cherokee County, in July, 1872, and being also the owner of large coal interests; E. C, now a resident of Columbus, who was formerly in the coal business, and served one term as treasurer of Cherokee Coun- ty, and two terms as a member of the Legisla- ture from the northern district of the county; W. L., who resides in the vicinity of Cherokee; and Mrs. Hoover, who is the widowed mother of Ex-County Treasurer Frank Hoover.
Dr. Scammon was reared and educated in Illinois; he attended the Dover Academy at Dover, Bureau County, before going to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, where he pursued his medical studies during the win- ters of 1864 and 1865, and was graduated there in medicine, in 1867. He settled at Arlington. Illinois, for practice, but two years later, in December, 1869, lie removed to Columbus, Kansas, where he has made his home ever since. In January, 1870, he opened a drug store, which was the first drug store ever opened in Columbus. This he sold in two years. In 1888 he began to restrict his work to office practice, and opened another drug store, which he sold in 1902, and is now practically retired. Aside from his profession, he has been interested in other lines, and still continues his connection with coal lands, having been formerly engaged in the coal business with his brothers. Dr. Scammon is one of the county's substantial men, who has always shown much public spirit and enterprise. His beautiful home, built on a choice location and in the midst of a plat of 1 5 acres, is one of the finest in the city.
Dr. Scammon was married in Columbus.
Kansas, to Lida Snevely, who was born in Ohio, and is a daughter of Dr. Snevely, who became a prominent physician in Indiana, where Mrs. Scammon's kindred are now lo- cated. The two children of Dr. and Mrs. Scammon are : Mrs. F. D. Crowell, whose hus- band has charge of tne electric lights of Colum- bus; and Harold, a youth of 12 years, who is at school. Dr. and Mrs. Scammon attend the Presbyterian Church.
Politically, Dr. Scammon is a Democrat. He has accepted few political favors, his pro- fession and his coal interests having absorbed his time and attention to a great degree. He accepted, however, the appointment of State mine inspector, tendered him by Governor Glick, being the first incumbent of the office under the law creating it. At that time the office was no sinecure, none of the later regula- tions being then in force and many of the pres- ent safety devices and inventions in modern machinery having hardly been thought of. These in combination render the work at pres- ent almost perfunctory. Dr. Scammon has been interested in the growth of the various medical societies in the State, and retains his membership with the Southeastern Kansas and the State medical societies. He has lived a very useful and active life, having achieved success both in business and in his profession, and now commands the respect and enjoys the esteem of his fellow citizens.
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OX. HO W A R D RANDOLPH CROWELL, president of the Colum- bus Electric Company of Columbus. Kansas, has been a citizen and resident of Cherokee County since 1871. He was born in Rahway, New Jersey, on the 25th of September, 1837, and was edu- cated in that city and in Philadelphia. He
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became a student at law in the office of Judge M. Russell Thayer, of Philadelphia, in 1855 and was admitted to the bar in 1859.
Coming West in 1861 to visit a brother then living in Osage County, Missouri, Mr. Crowell remained there taking charge of his brother's business during the four years of the Civil War. The brother. R. C. Crowell, en- tered the army and was mustered out as major of the 26th Regiment, Missouri Vol. Inf., at the close of the war. H. R. Crowell was com- missioned as the organizer and member of the Western Sanitary Commission for Osage Coun- ty and spent a good part of his time in provid- ing and forwarding hospital and sanitary stores for the wounded of the Union Army.
After the war, Mr. Crowell and his brother engaged in the forwarding and commission business in Kansas City, Missouri, under the name of R. C. Crowell & Company and contin- ued in this business along the line of the old Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad until that line reached Baxter Springs, Kansas. At that time the forwarding business from rail- way terminals was of great importance. The firm had a large and profitable business for some years.
In June, 1871, Mr. Crowell moved to Bax- ter Springs, where he remained about 20 years, engaged in various lines of business, chiefly banking. He was vice-president and after- wards acting president of the First National Bank of Baxter Springs and finally closed out its business and established a private banking house. This bank was afterwards incorporated as the Baxter Bank and the business was con- tinued until 1890, when Mr. Crowell finally sold out and moved to Columbus, where he established a bank. He withdrew from the banking business in 1894, selling to J. E. Tut- ton, now the active president of the Columbus State Bank. Mr. Crowell and others incorpo- rated the Columbus Electric Company in 1893,
and he has in connection with his two sons Arthur and Frederick been actively engaged in supplying the city of Columbus with light and power since that time. The business is now managed by his son Frederick, and Mr. Crowell is withdrawing from any active participation in business affairs.
In politics Mr. Crowell is a Republican, having served two terms as mayor of Baxter Springs and one term as a member of the Leg- islature from the southern district of the coun- ty. He is a member and elder of the Presby- terian Church of Columbus.
OHN \Y. SPENCER, a well known citizen of Columbus, and an extensive coal operator in Cherokee County, lias been identified with this section of country since 1869. He was born in 1840 in Washington County, Illinois, where his parents died.
Mr. Spencer is not the only member of his family to come to Kansas, a sister also finding a home here, and two brothers, C. A. and D. A., now being residents of Wichita.
The subject of this sketch was reared on his father's farm in Washington County, and first attended the local schools, and later, Lebanon College, and the institution at Marshall, Illi- nois, again returning to Lebanon. While at this college, in December, 1863, he enlisted in the Union Army and served about 18 months. or until the close of the war, as a member of Company D, 13th Reg., Illinois Vol. Caw. his field of activity being in Arkansas. Good for- tune followed him. and he returned to Illionis without serious injury, at the close of his serv- ice. His location in Cherokee County was something in the nature of an accident, as he came here first only as a visitor to see his sister. He liked the country, saw what possibilities the
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
fertile soil and rolling prairie offered to the farmer and stock-raiser, and decided to make a permanent home here. He located two miles north of Hallowell, taking up a claim and buy- ing others, until he soon owned 1,000 acres in claims. This was all originally Indian land, held by the railroad companies.
Mr. Spencer developed 480 acres of this land and operated it extensively in farming and stock-raising for about 20 years. He sold it about four years ago to W. J. Moore, since which time he has given his attention exclu- sively to the coal business. He operates as the Columbus Coal Company, incorporated in 1881, which owns two of the mines in the Cherokee district, while he is privately interested in two additional mines. He has actively promoted three coal companies. Mr. Spencer has, at various times, owned lead and zinc interests, and is at present interested in silver and lead mines in Colorado.
In December, 1869, Mr. Spencer was mar- ried to Ambrosia E. Favor, who was born in McHenry County, Illinois, and came to Kan- sas in 1868. Her brother, P. M. Favor, who died some years ago, was then a merchant at Sherman City, and later, in partnership with Mr. Spencer, conducted a hardware store at Columbus. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have two children, — Charles F. and Lyda Ambrosia. The former was born in December, 1872, in Cherokee County ; he was reared at Columbus, attended the city schools, and then became clerk for the Columbus Coal Company, of which he is now superintendent. He is a very reliable young man. and formerly took charge, for a year, of the Fidelity Coal Company, at Fidelity. He then returned to take charge of the new shaft of the Columbus Coal Company. He married Clara Hughes, and they have two sons, — Harold Hughes and Kenneth Aldridge. Lyda Ambrosia Spencer was born July 8, 1884; she graduated from the Cherokee County
High School in the spring of 1903, and is now attending the State University at Lawrence, Kansas.
Mrs. Spencer was born in McHenry Coun- ty. Illinois, in 1841, and is a daughter of Jona- than and Mary M. (Pingry) Favor, who re- moved in 1854 to Vernon County, Wisconsin. Mrs. Spencer is a thoroughly educated lady, and prior to her marriage taught 2$ terms of school in Wisconsin, two terms in Iowa, and one in Kansas. She was one of a family of five sons and six daughters.
In political views, Mr. Spencer is a Repub- lican and Prohibitionist, and has served on the School Board and in the City Council. Mr. Spencer and his wife and family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. They have many pleasant social connections in Columbus, and are considered representatives of the best educated and most refined element of the city.
10HN LANE MYERS, an esteemed resident of Cherokee township, was born in 1854 in Pennsylvania, where he lived until he was 24 years of age. Farming was his chosen occupation. In 1878 he came with his parents to Kansas, and settled on a quarter section of land in Cherokee town- ship. Cherokee County, near which he now lives. His present home consists of 160 acres of fine land, which formerly belonged to his wife*s father, who had. among the early Kan- sas settlers, chosen it for a home.
Martin Myers, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in 1 8 1 8. in Blair County, Pennsylvania, and died at the old home in Kan- sas at the age of 79 years. During his lifetime he followed the occupation of farming. His wife, also a native of Blair County, died at the old home in 1897.
John Lane Myers is one of a family of 1 1
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HON. ROBERT M. CHESHIRE
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children born to his parents, seven of whom are still living, as follows: Sarah J. (Mrs. W. T. Ferguson), of Cherokee township; Dillie (Mrs. Alonzo M. Duncan), who also lives in Chero- kee township; Emeline (Mrs. William C. Helm), who lives in Armstrong County, Penn- sylvania; John Lane; Maria M. (Mrs. John Cloak), of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania: Caroline (Mrs. Charles C. Holler), of Kansas; and Annie (Mrs. Henry Helm), of Weir City, K;;;isas.
Mr. Myers was married in 1881 to Tillie E. Smithpeter, who was born in Tennessee and is one of nine children constituting the family of her parents, John and Sarah ( Cable) Smith- peter. She has one brother now living, James S., a resident of Galena, Cherokee County, and three sisters, — Nancy, wife of Anthony Gilten- mier, living in Chicopee, Kansas; Mary, who married a Mr. Miles; and Sarah, wife of Wal- ter O. Manley. Mrs. Myers's father came to Kansas from Iowa in 1870 and settled on "Joy" land, which he afterward bought. His death occurred in 1892, at the age of 78 years, and his wife died five years later, at the same age. Mr. and Mrs. Myers have nine children, all born in Cherokee township. Cherokee Coun- ty, as follows : Arthur M., Lizzie S., Anna L., Ella, Ethel. Bertha, Leona, Clara and Jewell Evangeline.
In the splendid development which has come to Cherokee County Mr. and Mrs. Myers and their several connections have played a helpful part. Their citizenship is of that sterling char- acter which looks upon no sacrifice as too great which lias for its object the uplifting of human- ity about them. From the earliest day, schools, churches, good roads and good government have in turn commanded the full and hearty support of these different members of the fam- ily, and they are now able to rejoice with good consciences at the unmistakable evidences of a high type of Christian civilization, which con-
front them on every side. Mr. Myers takes but little interest in politics as such, but is careful on election day to support by his vote the prin- ciples enunciated by the Republican platform. A progressive and up-to-date farmer, a loyal and patriotic citizen, and a courteous Christian gentleman, Mr. Myers merits the high measure of esteem in which he is held by all classes in the county.
OX. ROBERT M. CHESHIRE, for- mer mayor of Columbus, ex-Probate judge of Cherokee County, and one of the leading attorneys in this sec- tion of the State, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, was born in 1844 in Ogle County, Illinois, and is a son of Michael and Margaret J. Cheshire.
The family is of English extraction, and, as the name indicates, at one time probably owned large estates in the shire of Chester. Early in the settlement of Virginia, this family was represented. The father of Judge Cheshire was born in Virginia, and in 1839 removed to Ogle County, Illinois, where he resided for more than 60 years, becoming prominent and wealthy as a farmer and stockman. In early life a Whig, he later adopted the principles of the Republican party. His death occurred in Jan- uary, 1903, at the age of 87 years. On the maternal side, Judge Cheshire is of Scotch ex- traction, his mother being a McAllister. She was born in Ireland in 1823. Her father mi- grated to Canada at an early day, but died lx?- fore his family joined him. The mother and her children came to America in 1836, but she died shortly afterward, and the children were reared by strangers. Of the five children born to his parents, Judge Cheshire is the eldest of the three survivors ; the other two are living in Illinois.
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The subject of this sketch was reared in Ogle County, his boyhood being passed on his father's farm. He was favored with school privileges and attended a seminary of local note, at Mount Morris. Later he read law, and took a special course of two years at Har- vard University. In 1881 he was admitted to practice in the courts of Illinois by the Su- preme Court, being examined before the Appel- late Court at Ottawa. After a practice of two years at Oregon, Ogle County, he went to Colorado, but not finding conditions there favorable for success in his profession, he came to Kansas and finally located in Cherokee County, where he soon entered actively into politics. In 1886 he was nominated by the Democratic party for the office of county attor- ney, and in 1887 he was elected mayor of Columbus, to which office he was subsequently re-elected. It was during the second year of his administration that occurred his noble ap- peal for law and order, which resulted in the suppression of mob violence in connection with the arrest of two desperadoes, William and John Blalack, of Columbus. When popular indignation had reached such a height that it seemed almost impossible to save the lives of the wretched men, Mayor, Cheshire mounted a convenient wagon in the street, and delivered an impassioned address calling upon the law- abiding citizens to avoid violence, and to en- trust the prisoners to the care of the sheriff. It is still remembered that Mayor Cheshire thus placed his own life in jeopardy in the inter- ests of law and justice.
In 1892 he was elected a member of the Columbus Board of Education and served four years, — two years as its president. In 1894 he was again his party's candidate for county attorney. In 1900 he was elected Probate judge of Cherokee County, and served from January 13, 1901, to January 13, 1903. He was defeated for re-election by only 300 votes,
his former majority having been 600. He has served as chairman of the Democratic Con- gressional Committee for two years, and on sev- eral occasions and for various periods has served on the Democratic County Central Com- mittee.
Judge Cheshire has been twice married, — first, in 1869, in Western New York, to Emma J. Bartholomew, a native of New York, who died in 1876, aged 28 years. She left one daughter, Mrs. Viola F. Brown, born in 1870, who died in 1897. Airs. Brown left twin daughters who live with their father in West- ern Iowa. In 1884 Judge Cheshire married Sarah E. White, who was born in Rhode Island. They have three daughters, viz : Mary M., Hilah G. and Minerva White, all of whom are attending school. The family home is a handsome residence which Judge Cheshire erected in the outskirts of Columbus, near the Cherokee County High School building. In addition to this valuable property, he owns other property in the city and vicinity.
Judge Cheshire has always been public spirited, and has done much to promote the progress of the county, and for the advance- ment of the city's welfare. He was chairman of the committee of five appointed by the Com- mercial Club of Columbus to secure for the city the Cherokee County High School. On this board he rendered most efficient service, and much credit is due to him for advancing and fostering the idea which culminated in secur- ing to the city and county the magnificent insti- tution above named. He wrote and delivered, before the Commercial Club, of which he was a charter member and which he has served as chairman, a general address in favor of the location and erection of a county high school at Columbus. An issue of 5,000 copies was dis- tributed in pahphlet form, the perusal of which by the voters led ultimately to the calling of a general election. The result is shown by
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the beautiful, completed structure, which was built in 1900. It stands as a testimonial to his public spirit, enterprise and ability, and is most creditable to this intelligent and cultured community.
It was while Judge Cheshire was president of the Commercial Club that he, with T. P. La- Rue, C. R. Atchison, L. F. Williams, J. C. Murdock, of Galena, and others cooperated with Richard Nevins, Jr., a railroad promoter, by promising him financial support and moral encouragement at any time when needed, to such an extent that he (Nevins) succeeded in inducing the officials of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company to extend the mineral branch of the railroad to Joplin, which has proved of so much value to all points reached by the road. Public acts of this character done at the right time by the right man are what bring about all needed improvements.
LINTON McMICKLE. The high standard of intelligence among the agricultural class of Cherokee Coun- ty is a subject of frequent comment. Tin's is evidenced by the many rural telephones and rural free delivery routes, and the generally tasty and refined appearance of the homes of the people. Prominent among those who take de- light in mental acquisition, is the gentleman whose name appears above. Though a man of but little scholastic training, owing to lack of opportunity in his youth, Mr. McMickle has by close observation and study during his mature years become enviably proficient in the differ- ent lines of astronomy, geology and physics, and still takes great delight in the pursuit of knowledge in those three fields. Mr. McMickle is one of the oldest continuous residents in the county, having settled on his present farm in section 30, Lola township, in the spring of
1866, after having spent the previous five years in saving to the nation '"Old Glory," intact and without stain.
The subject of this sketch is a Hoosier by birth ; he was born in Orange County, Indiana, December 1, 1838, and is a son of Lorenzo Mc- Mickle. When he was 10 years of age, his par- ents moved to Davis County, Iowa, where the war found him eager and anxious to do, and if needs be die, for the old flag. In April, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company* G, 2nd Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf.. Capt. James Baker com- manding, under Col. Sam. R. Curtis. For the greater part of the war this regiment was brig- aded with the 15th Army Corps, saw much active service in the Middle West and marched with Sherman to the sea. Mr. McMickle got to the front in time to take part in the fighting at Fort Donelson. Then followed Shiloh, the two Corinths and Iuka. He participated in all the principal battles of the Atlanta campaign, marched up through the Carolinas, and was present at that matchless parade of the defend- ers of the flag, known in history as "The Grand Review." He was honorably discharged as 2nd sergeant of his company, a position which he had held for about two years. He received a bayonet wound in the face at Frederickstown Missouri, was wounded in the leg at Fort Don- elson, and at Atlanta was struck in the breast by a bullet; but none of these was sufficient to put him in the hospital. As an instance of the fact that not all the gallant deeds of the boys in the army received proper attention and re- ward, Mr. McMickle relates that at the Jones- boro fight, he was ordered by an officer on Gen- eral Howard's staff to take several men and make a reconnaissance to find out whether the enemy was in retreat. He immediately set out on his perilous trip, and so well was it done that on his report. General Howard was able to order an advance that cut off about 500 of the enemy's wagons, loaded with supplies. Mr.
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McMickle received no reward, indeed no notice was taken of his gallant action.
The war over, Mr. McMickle passed the winter of '65 in Linn County, Missouri, and in February came to Cherokee County, making the trip alone on horseback. He secured 160 acres, 80 of which he still owns, in section 30, Lola township, and immediately began the erection of a log house, 13 by 13 feet, in size, there being but three others in the township. This with all his other possessions he lost by fire the following year, but he again built, and continued his fight for a home. And it zvas a fight, especially for the first few years. But the man who had faced death in a hundred forms in the army was not the one to be daunted by anything short of impossibilities, and so as the years passed Mr. McMickle found life becom- ing somewhat easier, and its rewards greater. As he looks out now on his splendid farm prop- erty, he has the satisfaction of knowing that it is all his in a double sense of ownership, based on the fact that every building and tree and fence is the result of his own hard labor.
Passing now to the consideration of facts pertaining to the family of Mr. McMickle, we note that on both sides he is of Scotch lineage, the original immigrants to this country being six brothers who enlisted in the English Army from Midlothian, Scotland, and, being sent to America during the Revolutionary War, were so impressed with the justice of the patriot cause, that they all deserted to a man and joined the American Army. Later they were joined by their father who was serving in the Eng- lish Army in India. This was Dougal Mc- Mickle, the great-grandfather of Clinton. He was accidentally killed by the falling of a tree, having attained the remarkable age of 102 years. Lorenzo McMickle, father of Clinton, was born in Louisville, Kentucky, in December, 1808, and died in Linn County, Missouri, at the age of 95 years. In his earlier manhood
he was a printer, and spent many years in New Orleans, setting type on the Picayune. Later he was connected with what is now the Courier- Journal of Louisville, as assistant editor. In his later years he became a farmer. He was a Whig and Republican in politics, and a mem- ber of the New Light Church. He first mar- ried Ruth McWilliams. a native of Tennessee, who died when her son Clinton was three years of age, leaving three children. The eldest was Marinda, who married a Mr. Wise and is now deceased; and the youngest was Elizabeth, Mrs. McCallum, now of Kansas City. To the second wife were born 10 children, eight of whom are living. On the paternal side Mr. McMickle's grandmother was a Barton, a Spanish lady, for whose father was named Barton County, Missouri.
Mr. McMickle was united in marriage in April, 1868, to Bina Sanders, daughter of Jer- emiah and Catherine Sanders, who were of German descent and natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respectively. Her birth occurred August 6, 1848. She came to Cherokee County with her parents in the late "sixties." Her children are: Bertha, now the wife of Albert Johnson, a farmer of Lola township; and Theda, who married James D. Duncan, and also resides in Lola township.
It is unnecessary to speak of the high char- acter which Mr. McMickle sustains in Chero- kee County. Suffice it to say that none knows him but to respect him. He is a worthy mem- ber of the Seventh Day Adventist denomina- tion, a Republican in politics, and a gentleman by birth and training.
ILLIS HENRY WHEELER, a prominent and successful agricult- urist of Crawford township, Cher- okee County, Kansas, owning 178 acres in section 26, is one of the early settlers
COL. R. W. BLUE
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of this region, having been in the vanguard which entered Cherokee County in 1868. Mr. Wheeler was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, in 1849, and is a son of Nathan and Margaret (Milliken) Wheeler.
The Wheeler family is of English extrac- tion, and of Quaker religious belief. Many of the name still reside in North Carolina, but the parents of the subject of this sketch moved to Indiana in 1859, and located in Morgan Coun- ty, where the mother died in i860. The father continued in Indiana until 1868, when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he died in 1 88 1, at the age of 60 years. He was a mason by trade, but spent his later years en- gaged in farming. Like his father, he was a devoted member of the Society of Friends, and assisted in establishing a meeting house in his section of Kansas, in 1869. He was a man who commanded the respect of all who knew him, and whose life was in full consonance with his religious belief. The subject of this sketch has four brothers and one sister, the sister being Mrs. Phoebe Jane Stanley, of Lowell, Chero- kee County. The brothers are all well known citizens in their respective localities. Isaac C, Benjamin Albert and Samuel E. live in Car- thage, Missouri, and John F. lives in Los An- geles, California.
Willis Henry Wheeler was reared in In- diana, and attended the common schools. Farming has been his chosen occupation and in it he has met with much success. After com- ing to Cherokee County, in November, 1868, he located in Quaker Valley, Crawford township. In 1878 he purchased 40 acres of his present farm, now consisting of 178 acres, and moved onto the place in 1879. Mr. Wheeler is a man of taste, as his fine improvements show. The 14 by 16 foot shanty, on the place when he pur- chased it, has been replaced by a handsome modern residence, with commodious and sub- stantial buildings, and all the necessary con-
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veniences for scientific and successful farming. When Mr. Wheeler first made his home in Cherokee County, Baxter Springs was the near- est town, and where is now the busy little city of Columbus, with its fine residences, churches, schools and business houses, stood but a single log house, forlornly situated on the wide prai- rie. His neighbors were some distance away, several farm houses being just in sight. Mr. Wheeler made spring wheat his first crop, but since then he has carried on diversified farm- ing.
In 1875, Mr. Wheeler was married in the Indian Territory, where he was employed for five years as farmer at the government Indian school of the Sac and Fox Agency. During 1873 and 1875 he was superintendent of the absentees' Shawnee school, of which Mrs. Wheeler was matron from 1875 to 1878. Mrs. Wheeler was formerly Elma J. Coltrane, who was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, and is a daughter of Jesse and Abigail Coltrane, who located in Johnson County, Kansas, as early as 1867, Mrs. Wheeler having located in Douglas County, Kansas, in 1865. Mr. and Mrs. Wheeler have two children : Horace, who married Viola Smith (born in Cherokee Coun- ty, Kansas) and resides near the homestead; and Flora, who is at home. The family belong to the Friends' Meeting in Crawford township, in which Mr. Wheeler is one of the elders. Po- litically, he is a Prohibitionist. Few men in this locality are more universally esteemed than Mr. Wheeler, and the family represents the best intelligent element of Crawford township.
OL. R. W. BLUE, of Columbus, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, has been identified with the professional and political life of Kan- sas since 1871, and is now one of the promf- i nent members of the Cherokee County Bar. in
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
partnership with J. J. Bulger. He was born September 9, 1841, in Wood County, Virginia, now West Virginia, and was reared in the vicinity of the present city of Grafton, West Virginia.
Colonel Blue attended Monongalia Acad- emy, at Morgantown, West Virginia, and finally became one of the teachers of that insti- tution. He went from there to Washington College, Pennsylvania, where he remained un- til half through the junior year, when he entered the army, enlisting as a private in the 3d Regiment, West Virginia Vol. Inf., but was later transferred to the 6th Regiment, West Virginia Vol. Cav., and served in the mountains of West Virginia and in the Shenandoah Val- ley. Later he took part in the campaigns against the Indians in the Platte Valley. He spent the winter of 1865-66 at Fort Casper, Wyoming, earning his promotion, first as lieu- tenant, and later as captain. He was mustered out at Leavenworth, Kansas.
Returning to West Virginia, the young sol- dier engaged in teaching and also studied law in Taylor County, and in 1871 came to Kansas. He taught school during the first year, at Pleas- anton, Linn County, and then entered upon the practice of his profession. Soon afterwards his ability was recognized by his election as Pro- bate judge of Linn County in 1872, and again, in 1874. In 1876 he was elected county attor- | ney, and was reelected in 1878. He became a potent factor in politics, and in 1880 was : elected State Senator from the district com- \ posed of Johnson, Miami and Linn counties, : and at the end of his term was reelected. His public services to his State were of such a char- : acter that he was awarded still higher marks of confidence and appreciation, by being elected to the 54th Congress in 1894. He was renomi- nated by acclamation in 1896, but met with defeat in the Populist landslide of that year.
Since that time Colonel Blue has not consented to be a candidate for any office, confining his attention entirely to the practice of his pro- fession.
In October, 1899, Colonel Blue removed to Cherokee County and located at Columbus, forming a partnership with the present judge of the District Court, W. B. Glasse, and later with J. H. Hamilton, who retired from the firm on account of ill health ; subsequently Colonel Blue associated himself with J. J. Bulger. Colonel Blue has had a wide professional ex- perience, practicing in the United States courts, the State courts of Kansas and those of the Indian Territory.
Colonel Blue was united in marriage, in July, 1866, to Virginia Protzman, a native of Morgantown, West Virginia. They became the parents of seven children, as follows : Florence B., Richard Clarence, Gracie, and Cordelia W., all of whom are deceased ; Mattie, wife of Wilmer Bennett, of Concordia, Kansas ; Madge A., wife of Dr. J. Dale Graham, of Columbus, Kansas ; and John W., who is single and resides at home.
Dr. J. Dale Graham, son-in-law of Colonel Blue, was born in Coffey County, Kansas, in 1873, and is a son of the late C. H. and Eliza- beth (McKelvey) Graham. C. H. Graham was for about eight years docket clerk of the Kan- sas State Senate, and was also treasurer of Coffey County, being one of its prominent poli- ticians. He was also an extensive farmer and stock-raiser. His death occurred in 1885.
Dr. Graham attended the State Normal School at Emporia, Washburn College at Topeka, and the State Agricultural College at Manhattan, Kansas. Prior to entering upon the study of medicine, he was engaged in busi- ness at LeRoy. He was graduated in the spring of 1904, at the University Medical College at Kansas City, Missouri, with class honors. He
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also holds a diploma from the University Hos- pital. He is fraternally connected with the Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America.
ON. JOHN WISWELL, senior part- ner in the law firm of Wiswell & Lu- cas, of Columbus, Kansas, is one of the prominent members and old prac- titioners of the Cherokee County Bar. He was born in 1857 in Ashtabula County. Ohio, and is a son of James H. Wiswell.
James H. Wiswell was a well known citi- zen of Ashtabula County, where he owned property and carried on a large shoe manu- factory which gave employment to a consider- able number of workmen. He also owned a tannery and a large farm, and was one of the prosperous men of his locality. His death oc- curred in 1897. He married a Miss Woodruff, who died when the subject of this sketch was nine years of age. The other members of the family are, — Edward, an attorney at Moscow, Idaho, and Mrs. Olive Pond, of Ashtabula County, Ohio. A half-brother, Edwin, is a contractor and builder at Cleveland, Ohio.
John Wiswell was mainly educated at the Grand River Institute in Ashtabula County, where he became instructor in writing and commercial branches. Later he attended the University of Wooster, at Wooster, Ohio, where he served in the same capacity for two years. He was associated with P. R. Spencer, Jr., the originator of the beautiful system of Spencerian penmanship. This favorable con- nection had to be broken on account of Mr. Wiswell's failing health, which occasioned his coming to the West.
Mr. Wiswell reached Baxter Springs, Kan- sas, in the fall of 1879, where he immediately entered into educational work. Lie served as
superintendent of public instruction there in 1880 and 1 88 1, and resided there about four years. He removed then to Columbus and bought out Mr. Hampton's interest in the law- firm of Cowley & Hampton, and the firm of Cowley & Wiswell remained in business until 1885. After practicing two years alone, Mr. Wiswell entered into partnership with Judge John N. Ritter, as Ritter & Wiswell ; later, with N. T. Allison, and still later, with W. H. Lu- cas, who is the present city attorney of Colum- bus. Mr. Wiswell was admitted to the bar on February 7, 1888, at Columbus, where he has followed general practice, devoting especial at- tention to commercial law. Whether in prac- tice alone or in combination with another able attorney, Mr. Wiswell has developed profes- sional efficiency of a high order, and enjoys the esteem of the county bar and court officials, as well as that of his large clientage.
Mr. Wiswell has other important interests outside his profession. For the past 15 years he has been the largest breeder of Jack stock, in Kansas, and he also breeds Scotch collie dogs and fancy chickens, shipping to all parts of the United States. He owns several farms, prob- ably aggregating a section of land, which is especially valuable on account of coal deposits. He is also the senior partner in a general mer- cantile concern conducted at Sherman City, Sheridan township, under the direct manage- ment of his daughter, Alice J. Wiswell, who is postmistress there, — the firm style being Wis- well & Company.
Mr. Wiswell's first marriage was to Jennie E. Bishop, in Ashtabula County, Ohio, in the winter of 1878. At that time she was a teacher in the Grand River Institute. She died in 1883, leaving two children, — Alice J. ; and Florence, who is now deceased. Mr. Wiswell married Eor his second wife, Martha McMillan, formerly a teacher in the public schools, who was born
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
and reared in Harrison, Arkansas. Both Mrs. and Miss Wiswell are members of the Pres- byterian Church.
Politically, Mr. Wiswell has been one of the zealous and influential Republicans of this sec- tion. The esteem and confidence in which he is held by his fellow citizens has been shown on many occasions, and upon four of these he was chosen for the city's highest municipal position his first election being in 1888. Mr. Wiswell takes pride in the fact that since his first elec- tion to the office of mayor, there has never been a saloon in Columbus. Since early manhood he has belonged to the Masonic and Odd Fel- low bodies, becoming identified with them in Ohio. He has been very prominently con- nected with the growth and development of this city.
., ROF O. C. ECKE, superintendent of J* Ji the city schools of Columbus, Kansas, and a prominent educator, was born in 1866, near Milwaukee, Wiscon- sin, and is a son of Henry and Dora (Rain) Ecke.
Henry Ecke was one of the three earliest settlers of Crawford County, Kansas, coming early in 1866, when pioneer conditions pre- vailed in what was then known as the Cherokee Neutral Lands. He cleared up a farm and cul- tivated it until 1871, when his death occurred, and his was the first burial in his section of the county. His widow still survives and resides at Walnut, in Crawford County, where several of her children also live.
Professor Ecke was a pupil in the early schools of Crawford County and later gradu- ated from the Walnut and Girard high schools. Subsequently, he secured a State certificate as a teacher at Emporia. He has devoted his life to educational work, having begun to teach
about 13 years ago. Since then he has fol- lowed the profession continuously, meeting with the success which his scholarly attainments and earnest endeavors deserve. In 1895 ne re~ moved to Columbus, first in the capacity of ward principal. Then he became a high school teacher, and afterwards, was made city super- intendent, a position for which he is eminently fitted, and which he has filled with dignity and efficiency for the past five years.
Professor Ecke married, in Crawford Coun- ty, Hattie M. Culbertson, who was formerly a teacher in the Crawford County schools. They have one daughter, born in Columbus. Professor Ecke and wife are valued members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Fraternally, the Professor is a Mason, and a Modern Woodman. His work in Columbus has been most satisfactory, and the high stand- ard maintained by the schools of the city must, in a great measure, be attributed to his care, in- fluence and encouragement. Personally, he commands the respect and enjoys the esteem of his fellow citizens.
OHN H. HAMILTON, an attorney-at- law of Columbus, Kansas, of which city he has been a resident for the past 17 years, is identified with large busi- ness interests both in Cherokee and in other counties. He was born in 1857 near Glasgow, Scotland, and is a son of Andrew and Jane (Foxe) Hamilton.
Both parents of Mr. Hamilton were of Scotch descent and came to America in 1864. Andrew Hamilton, Sr., located with his family at Braidwood, Illinois, and engaged in coal de- velopment, both as an operator and miner. He died at Pittsburg, Kansas, in 1881, aged nearly 70 years. The mother still survives, at the age
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of 86 years, and resides at Weir City, Cherokee County. The surviving members of their fam- ily are: J. H., of this sketch: William, a coal operator living at Weir City, Cherokee County; Matthew, formerly a coal operator, now a far- mer and stock raiser of Missouri ; and Mrs. McClennehan, a widow, and Mrs. McGregor, who are engaged in farming near Weir City, Cherokee County. Andrew Hamilton, Jr. (a brother of our subject), formerly a coal opera- tor, died in 1898 at Weir City. The family own extensive coal interests in this locality.
J. H. Hamilton accompanied his parents to Pittsburg, Crawford County, Kansas, August 20, 1878, and for a time engaged in coal mining there, but for some years has been interested in lead and zinc mining in the Galena district, Cherokee County, owning several tracts of land there. He is also one of the largest stockhold- ers and the vice-president of the King Lumber Company of Chanute, Kansas.
Prior to leaving Illinois, Mr. Hamilton had commenced the study of the law, but this was interrupted during his active operations in the Crawford County coal fields. At a later date he resumed the study of the law in the office of Blue & Glasse and was admitted to the bar at Columbus, in May, 1902. For a time he prac- ticed in partnership with Col. R. W. Blue, to whom he has but recently sold his fine law library with the intention of devoting his time to coal developing. Mr. Hamilton has purchased some land near Greenwood, Arkansas, which is underlaid with a coal vein of from five to nine feet thickness. He proposes to open shafts on the land and will devote his personal atten- tion to the work. This coal, which on analysis has proved to be semi-anthracite, is of a much better quality than any yet found in Cherokee County. Two railroads already run into the district, thus insuring transportation facilities, these being the Iron Mountain and the Midland Valley, the latter of which runs through Mr.
Hamilton's land. His prospects could scarcely be brighter for a large development and his pre- vious business success is indicative of probable prosperity.
At Weir City, Mr. Hamilton married Anna B. Brown, whose parents came to Kansas 24 years ago, and whose mother still survives. They have four children, all born at Columbus, viz: Benjamin Harrison, Andrew Alexander, Jennie Foxe and John H., Jr. The pleasant family home is situated opposite the Cherokee County High School building.
Politically, Mr. Hamilton is a Republican. In 1886 he was elected clerk of the District Court of Cherokee County, in which capacity he served two terms. He is prominent in a number of fraternal organizations, among which are the Modern Woodmen of America, belonging to the Columbus Camp, and the Ma- sonic order, in which he has taken the 32nd de- gree. As a Mason he is a member of the Blue Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and Chapter, R. A. M., at Columbus; the Commandery, K. T., at Os- wego; the Consistory, S. P. R. S., at Wichita; and Isis Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., at Salina. With his wife, he is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star. They attend the Presbyte- rian Church.
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ON. M. A. HOUSHOLDER, whose popularity in Cherokee County has been repeatedly emphasized by his election to high and responsible pub- lic offices, has resided here since 1880. For the last 12 years he has ably and honorably held the position of Senator from the Tenth Senatorial District, and is equally well known to the citi- zens of Columbus and Cherokee County, as a lawyer, merchant and breeder of some of the finest cattle ever exhibited from this portion of the State.
Senator Housholder was born June 13,
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1852, on his father's farm, in Darke County, Ohio, and is a son of David and Rachel (Stahl) Housholder. On both sides the ancestry is of German extraction. On the paternal side, the great-grandfather emigrated from Germany and settled first in Virginia ; he removed thence to Maryland and still later to Pennsylvania, where Senator Housholder's father was born, July 21. 181 1. On the maternal side, the first migration was to England, thence to New York and later to Pennsylvania, where Senator Housholder's mother was born, in Bedford County, April 20, 1S15. After his marriage, in 1835, David Housholder, who had formerly been engaged in lumbering, moved to Darke County. Ohio, and there secured large tracts of heavily timbered land from the government, and became, in the course of time, one of the prominent farmers and exemplary citizens of his locality. His death, which was occasioned by an accident, occurred in 1897. when he was 87 years of age. He supported the Demo- cratic party, but never consented to take an active part in political life. His wife died on the farm in Darke County in 1868. Both were most worthy members of the United Brethren Church. Of their 10 children, all but two sur- vive; one of the deceased was an infant, and the other, Francis Marion, died in 1897. Fran- cis Marion Housholder was a very prominent citizen of Noblesville, Indiana, who was state's attorney, and postmaster during the adminis- tration of President Cleveland. His death, in the prime of life, was caused by disease con- tracted in a protracted army service, during the Civil War. He enlisted first in Company C, 52nd Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and reenlisted in Company G, 187th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and served faithfully until the close of the war. He then engaged in the practice of the law at No- blesville, and became a prominent and valued citizen, but his health had been undermined and he finallv succumbed.
Senator Housholder remained in Darke County. Ohio, until he was 25 years of age, enjoying the educational advantages offered by the common and high schools of that locality. and later attending the National Normal School at Lebanon, Ohio. After completing his education, he was engaged in teaching for four years, both in the country and in Green- ville, and then entered upon the study of the law. Subsequently he was graduated, in 1879. at the Indiana Central Law School, at Indian- apolis, and, under the late Hon. Walter Q. Gresham, was admitted to practice in the Uni- ted States Circuit and the Indiana courts.
In May, 1880. the young lawyer came* to Cherokee County, and during his three years of legal practice became also interested in mer- chandising and in the breeding of fine stock. He almost immediately took a leading position in political circles. He secured a ranch on Cherry Creek, about 10 miles north of Colum- bus, and stocked it with thoroughbred Short- horn cattle, the breeding of which has not only brought large financial returns to him, but has afforded him the recreation and outside interest so grateful to the tired, political leader. Inci- dentally, it may be mentioned that his herd of splendid cattle has twice taken the large prize offered by the Iowa State Fair where all breeds of cattle were in competition. Senator Hous- holder still continues to be one of the county's farmers, but closed out his mercantile interests in 1903. His delightful suburban home is sit- uated in the midst of a park of 15 acres, adjoin- ing the city of Columbus.
Senator Housholder has had many political honors tendered to him, the last one being a unanimous nomination to the office of Lieuten- ant-Governor, proffered by the late Populist and Democratic Convention, which assembled at Topeka, on August 3. 1904. He has been in the public eye since 1888, when he was first nominated by the Democratic party, as Sen-
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o.i
ator from the Tenth Senatorial District. This nomination came as a surprise, his first inti- mation of the honor done him, being received through a newspaper. At that time he was ex- hibiting his fine cattle at the State fairs of Illi- nois, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska and Kansas. The Democratic party met with defeat that year in the district, although our subject ran far beyond the ticket. In 1892 he was nomi- nated for the same office by the Populist party, C. B. Stone of Galena, and Dr. J. H. Baxter, of Columbus, being respectively, his Republican and Democratic opponents, both men of worth and ability. Senator Houshokler was elected to the office by a plurality of 687 votes. In 1896, after a bitter fight made by the Republi- can party, he was reelected by the gratifying plurality of 1 ,400 votes. In 1900 he was a third time elected, having the distinction of being the only Senator elected to this office thrice con- secutively. During each candidacy, he was nominated by acclamation, this unanimity of feeling showing clearly the public esteem in which he is held. His services in the Senate have been consistently directed to aid the con- stituency by which he was elected, but at the same time he has always held the interests of the public before all others.
Senator Housholder is a man of versatile talents, as is evidenced by his success in so many different lines. He has filled other posi- tions of responsibility, always with the same conscientious regard for the welfare of all con- cerned. Since 1893, when he was appointed a member of the State Board of Charities, by Governor L. D. Lewelling, he has served as its president. His attention is also given to local matters where his influence may lead to public improvement or progress, and many times he has shown a deep interest in educa tional matters and charitable institutions.
On August 6, 1876, Senator Housholder, then but an ambitious young aspirant for legal
honors, was united in marriage with Mary J. Baughman, who was born October 28, 1856, in Darke County, Ohio. She is of German an- cestry, her parents, William and Elizabeth Baughman, having been born in Germany. The five children of this marriage were : Forest A., who was born November 10, 1877, and died at Columbus, Kansas, November 11, 1884; Mabel M., born in Darke County, Ohio, April 6, 1880, who is a very accomplished young lady, and has served with extraordinary ca- pacity as her father's private secretary during five sessions of the Kansas Senate; and Valley Fern, born at Columbus, Kansas, October 25, 1885; Vale I., born at Columbus, October 12. 1888, and Victor Hugo, born March 18, 1892, all of whom live at home.
For many years Senator Housholder has been a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, to which he has always given a liberal support. In closing this brief sketch of one of Cherokee County's favorite sons, it is pleasant to record that his popularity with the public is fully equaled by the esteem felt for him in private life. He is fortunate indeed in enjoying domestic happiness, the re- spect and affection of those with whom he has been associated on terms of personal friendship for so many years, and a popularity of no un- certain kind, after having been in the lime-light of public life for more than a decade.
ILLIAM H. MILLSTEAD, a prom- inent and successful member of the Cherokee County Bar, was born in 1839 in North Carolina, and is a son of J. M. and Elizabeth (Purnell) Mill- stead.
J. M. Millstead was born in Maryland and died in North Carolina at the age of 58 years. Prior to the Civil War, he was a large slave
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owner and a prosperous merchant. The great struggle entailed heavy losses on him, but he resumed his mercantile business and continued in it until his death. His wife was born in Virginia, and died in North Carolina, in 1869, aged 57 years. They had two sons, — William H. and Frank. The latter enlisted as a private in the 55th Reg., North Carolina Inf.. C. S. A., and became 2nd lieutenant of Company F. By trade he was a painter and carriage-maker. He married Bertha Phillips of North Carolina and died in 1896, leaving two children.
William H. Millstead was reared and edu- cated in his native State, and was a student at the University of North Carolina, at the break- ing out of the Civil War. On May 6, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company F, 6th Reg., North Carolina Inf., C. S. A., but was later transferred to Company A, in which he was promoted to the rank of 2nd lieutenant, and served until the end of the war. being finally discharged in May, 1865, at Greensboro, North Carolina. He took part in many of the most serious battles and on all occasions displayed a valor w hich won him the commendation of his superiors and the admiration of his comrades. He participated in the battles of New Berne; the seven days fighting below Richmond ; Sec- ond Bull Run ; Harper's Ferry ; Antietam (where he received a scalp wound) ; Freder- icksburg; the Wilderness; Hanover Court House; Seven Pines (where he was wounded in the left arm) ; and Petersburg.
In the fall of 1865 Mr. Millstead returned to North Carolina, but the hardships of warfare had undermined his health, and he went to Florida for a season. Upon his return he be- gan to teach school and to read law. his studies being directed by A. M. Bogle, a prominent at- torney. He continued his law studies after he removed to Carthage and Springfield, Mis- souri, where he engaged in teaching. He re- turned to North Carolina, in 1869, to marry,
and remained in his native State until 1871, teaching the greater part of the time. Realiz- ing that time must elapse before the "Old North State" could offer inducements to a young and ambitious man, he decided to return to the West. He settled first in Crawford County, Kansas, but came later to Cherokee County, and in 1876, after a short experience in farm- ing, entered upon the practice of his profession, having been admitted to the bar in 1866. He is well and widely known in Cherokee County, has a large practice, and enjoys the reputation of being one of the safest counsellors in this section.
Mr. Millstead was married to Candee C. Hoke, who was also born in North Carolina, and they have five children, viz : Robert E. Lee, Florence, Junea, Alice and Cora. Robert E. Lee, who is superintendent of a smelter at Rich Hill, Missouri, was born in North Caro- lina, married Nellie Johnson, of Weir City, and has four children, — Fay, Ruth, Lulu and Harry. Florence, who was also born in North Carolina, married Theodore Moody, and they have the following children, — Benjamin, Perly, Pearl, William, Frank and an infant. Junea, Alice and Cora were born in Kansas.
Mr. Millstead has always been a consistent supporter of the Democratic party.
ICHAEL J. CALLAHAN, a suc- cessful farmer of Ross township. Cherokee County, Kansas, and one of its leading citizens, resides upon his well improved farm of 240 acres, in sec- tion 2, township 32, range 23. Mr. Callahan was born at Lowell, Massachusetts, August 10. 1854, and is a son of Daniel and Catherine (Thomas) Callahan.
The parents of Mr. Callahan were born in County Kerrv. Ireland, where thev were
J. H. BAXTER, M. D.
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reared. They came to America single, were married in Massachusetts, and in 1854 went to Bureau County. Illinois. The mother died in Shelby County. Iowa, where the family lo- cated in 1869. They had two children. — Michael J. and John.
Michael J. Callahan was reared in Bureau County, Illinois, until he reached the age of 13 years, when he accompanied the family to Shelby County, Iowa. Two years later he came alone to Cherokee township, Cherokee County, and there worked for Luke Hughes for three years ; since that time he has been work- ing on his own responsibility. He understood all the practical details of farming, and found no unsurmountable obstacles in his way. For eight years he continued to rent land, occupy- ing property which is now the present site of Scammon, long before the mineral wealth of the region was suspected. When Mr. Callahan purchased his present farm, it was wild, prai- rie land, and all the improvements made upon the property have been effected by him. He now has one of the best farms and finest homes in his section of the county. He has about 160 acres of his land under cultivation, raising wheat, oats, corn, hogs and a good grade of horses and cattle. In addition to his home farm, Mr. Callahan owns 160 acres in section 4, Mineral township, and 80 acres in section 13, township 32, range 23, in Ross township, which he devotes to pasture.
Besides a fine home and productive farm, Mr. Callahan has other blessings, chiefly among these being a most estimable wife and a large, interesting and intelligent family of chil- dren. He was married on November 14, 1875, to Ann Coman. who was born at Arling- ton, Illinois, and is a daughter of James and Joan (O'Maley) Coman. Mrs. Callahan's parents were born in Ireland, emigrated to America, and lived in Bureau County. Illinois, until 1869. Then they came to Cherokee
County, settled in Cherokee township and both died here. Mr. and Mrs. Callahan have had 14 children, namely: Agatha, a Sister in Mount Saint Scholastic Academy, at Atchison, Kan- sas; Daniel; Josie, also a Sister in Mount Saint Scholastic Academy ; Eva ; Rosanna, who died aged 17 months; and James, George. Charles, Mary, Chloe, John, Annie, Florence and Paul. These children have all been carefully reared, as members of St. Bridget's Catholic Church at Scammon. In politics Mr. Callahan votes with the Democratic party, but he is not an office seeker.
Mr. Callahan takes a just pride in what he has accomplished by years of personal industry. What he owns he has earned — honestly earned, — and during this time he has also won the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. His word is as good as his bond, and he finds the hand of friendship extended to him on every side. He is one of the good citizens and good men of Ross township.
H. BAXTER, M. D., a prominent physician and surgeon of Columbus, where he has been located since 1875, was born in Shelby County, Indiana, November 30, 1848. He is a son of James M. and Lydia A. (Rozelle) Baxter.
James M. Baxter was born in Kentucky, where he grew to manhood and obtained an excellent schooling, and where he also learned the trade of bricklaying and masonry. This he followed for five years in his native State, be- fore he had attained his majority, at which time he moved into Indiana. He followed con- tracting in the "Hoosier" State, and built many of the important buildings at Shelbyville and other points. He was interested in public af- fairs from boyhood, being at one time one of but three who subscribed for a newspaper in
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his native township. His scholarly attainments and his oratorical powers caused him to be in great demand in political campaigns, and he was also called upon to serve in many of the local offices, and as justice of the peace.
Mr. Baxter was married twice, both times after settling in Indiana. His first marriage was to a Miss DeWitt, of Kentucky, who at death left three children, of whom the only survivor, Phcebe, is a resident of Los Angeles, California. The second marriage was to Lydia A. Rozelle, who was born in Indiana, and died in 1879, at Columbus, Kansas, aged 60 years. Seven children were born to this union, four of whom died in infancy and early childhood. Dr. Baxter has one surviving sister, Mrs. L. P. McAdams, of Scammon, Cherokee Count)-. Another sister, Mrs. Mollie E. Graves, died at his home in Columbus in 1901. The father of this family died in Rush County, Indiana, aged 42 years.
The death of his father, when he was but seven years of age, placed heavy responsibilities upon the subject of this sketch and his boyhood was spent not like that of many, in search of innocent amusements, but was devoted to every kind of employment by which he could earn something to add to the family purse. After leaving the public school, he secured academic advantages at Ladoga, Indiana, and began teaching when 17 years of age. Thus by alter- nate teaching and school attendance, up to his 24th year, he managed to spend two years in the Christian University at Indianapolis, and later, in 1875, was graduated at the Louisville Medi- cal College. Since then he has enjoyed many special courses, graduating at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, in 1884, and in 1890 taking a special course in the Eye and Ear Infirmary there. In 1892 he took a special course in Homeopathy at St. Louis, thus equipping himself in every possible way for the scientific practice of his noble profession.
Dr. Baxter's settlement at Columbus was something in the nature of an accident. After graduation, while looking about for a suitable location, he advanced to met an old acquaint- ance, Jonathan Hunt, of Martinsville, Indiana, formerly sheriff of the county, who interested him in the new town of Columbus, in Cherokee County. It resulted in Dr. Baxter settling here, and he was the first physician to establish himself permanently at this point. He has grown into the confidence and affection of the people, and has performed some wonderful surgical operations.
Dr. Baxter was married at Columbus to Eva G. Shepard, who is a daughter of the late Col. D. F. Shepard, who come here from Fort Scott. The Colonel built the first flour mill at Fort Scott, hauling the machinery from Kansas City with ox teams. Dr. and Mrs. Baxter have had three children, two of whom died in child- hood. The survivor, LeRoy, is a young man of brilliant promise. In 1898, he graduated at the Columbus High School, and then spent five years in the Kansas State University, where he was graduated in June, 1902. He is now attending the medical department of the University of Chicago, being in his second year.
Politically, Dr. Baxter is a Republican. He has taken an active part in civic affairs, having served on the School Board for 14 years, and having been from 1878 to 1880 county superin- tendent of the public schools. For eight years he has been a member of the pension board. He was one of the early members of the South- eastern Kansas Medical Association, which has been absorbed by the State organization. Fra- ternally, he is an Odd Fellow, and joined the Masons in Indiana ; he is also a member of the Columbus lodge of the Knights of Pythias. Since boyhood he has been a member of the Christian Church. A portrait of the Doctor accompanies this brief review of his life.
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ILLIAM E. BROOKS, one of the most successful of the pioneer far- mers of Neosho township, Chero- kee County, owner of what is known as the "Forest Fruit Farm," was born in DeKalb County, Illinois, October 14, 1844, and is a son of Henry E. and Samantha (Meade) Brooks.
The Brooks family was established in Ver- mont, about the time of the Revolutionary War, by four brothers, of Welsh-English ex- traction. The name is variously spelled in dif- ferent sections, one branch adopting the form of Estabrook. The father of our subject spent his early life as a ship-builder, on Lake Cham- plain, but later removed to Illinois and subse- quently to Iowa and finally, in 1867, came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and died in Chau- tauqua County at the home of his son, John Brooks, at the age of 80 years. He was a large farmer and stock-raiser and owned several ex- tensive tracts of farming land in Cherokee County. He married Samantha Meade, who was born near Dayton, Ohio, and was a cousin of Gen. George B. Meade who gained distinc- tion during the Civil War and was the hero of Gettysburg. Mrs. Brooks died in Iowa at the age of 72 years. Their children were : John, a resident of Chautauqua County, Kansas; William E., our subject; Mrs. Jane Nugent, of Iowa City, Iowa; and Mrs. Laura Wool- wine, of Waterloo, Iowa.
William E. Brooks was reared in Illinois until 1853, when he accompanied his parents to Black Hawk County, Iowa. They located on a farm near Waterloo, and there our sub- ject attended the district schools and assisted his father on the farm until 1861, when he of- fered his services, although but a boy of 17, to his country, enlisting on November 19th, in Company I, 16th Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., under Col. Alex. Chambers. Mr. Brooks was dis- charged on November 16, 1864, but served
until April, 1865. These years of danger, hard- ship, sickness, imprisonment and excitement changed the sturdy young farmer boy into a grizzled veteran, with a record for courage, valor and fidelity. He participated in many of the hardest fought battles of the war, including Pittsburg Landing; siege of Corinth and bat- tle of Corinth; Iuka; siege of Vicksburg; and the battle of Kingston, North Carolina, in 1865.
Mr. Brooks was also a member of General Sherman's army that made the memorable "March to the Sea." At Atlanta, Georgia, he was unfortunate enough to be taken prisoner ; he was sent to Andersonville Prison, where he was kept for two of the longest months of his life. On September 22, 1864, he was ex- changed at Rough and Ready Station, near Atlanta, and was then sent to the convalescent camp at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in order to be treated for prison scurvy which had infected his wounded leg. This terrible imprisonment reduced his weight from 160 to 107 pounds. Upon recovering sufficiently, he was detailed to Block House, No. 14, Chickamauga Creek. It was while located here that he had some amusing adventures. Being detailed as quar- termaster of the Block House, it was incumbent upon him to look after the commissary, and this entailed considerable skirmishing through the enemy's country. While on one of these expeditions he became acquainted with a fam- ily of Confederate sympathizers by the name of Knowles. .They were probably hospitable Southern people of great kindness of heart, for they took pity on Mr. Brooks and invited him and his partner to dine with them and en- joy the festivities of Christmas Day. Youth is youth, and, as there were young ladies in the family and as such tempting offers came but seldom in their lives at that time, the two young- Union soldiers did not hesitate long before ac- cepting. The occasion was also an old-fash-
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ioned quilting party and all the maidens of the neighborhood had gathered, according to cus- tom, and the succeeding festivities were at their height, about 10 o'clock in the evening, when they were startled by the rattle of sabres com- ing over the rail fence. Mr. Brooks and his companion for a few moments felt they had been betrayed and prepared to defend them- selves from what they supposed a posse of Con- federate soldiers. In answer to a loud demand at the door, they met the intruders with pointed revolvers, but fortunately did not shoot, as the two visitors, when stripped of their Confeder- ate coats, showed the Union blue beneath and disclosed the fact that two other Block House men were also out seeking recreation.
In February, 1865, Mr. Brooks reported to his regiment at Goldsboro, North Carolina, although his term of enlistment had expired four months previously. While camped at Vicksburg, in 1863, a member of Crocker's brigade, many forms of amusement were tried by the weary and homesick soldiers, and Mr. Brooks was never behindhand in thinking up new ones. The place where they were located had many Confederate arsenals in the vicinity, and the Union soldiers were in the habit of amusing themselves by exploding the cannon cartridges they found there. For various rea- sons this amusement did not find favor in the eyes, or ears, of General Crocker, and he gave orders that the next offender should be dealt with. The tents were wedged together, with bunks of poles stretched two feet from the ground and a plank passing through to serve as a table. As may be imagined, one of the greatest discomforts of these small dwellings were the swarms of flies, which in Southern countries amount to intolerable pests. Upon one occasion when Mr. Brooks came into his tent, he saw his companion lying apparently asleep, while the flies were holding a kind of
carnival. With the best intentions in the world, he decided that at least one tent should be freed from them and set about his prepara- tions accordingly, by pouring molasses in the middle of the tent table and surrounding it with a goodly amount of powder from a six- pound cartridge. When the molasses seemed to have attracted every fly under the tent cur- tains, he reached inside, with a lighted paper, and it is his conviction that the tent went at least 60 feet in the air. Fortunately Mr. Brooks' tent-mate was only blackened with the powder and nearly frightened to death, but probably not more so than Mr. Brooks himself, as he was completely dumbfounded by his suc- cess. Doubtless many other members of the old 1 6th Iowa can recall the incident.
Mr. Brooks returned to Iowa after the close of the war and farmed there until 1869, when he followed his father to Kansas, accom- panied by his wife and one child. The jour- ney was made in 22 days in a prairie schooner, which served as a home until he completed a log cabin, 12 by 14 feet in dimensions. He purchased a tract of 160 acres of land, half of which he later gave to his children. It is well located, in section 1, township 35, range 22, in Neosho township, and has rewarded him well for the labor and expense he has put on it. Trading his team for a yoke of oxen, he began to break his land on June 15, 1869, but after two days of plowing found he could do noth- ing more that season on account of the rains setting in. He then hauled coal from the Neosho River and surrounding territory to Baxter Springs, receiving 25 cents a bushel. When winter set in he went with his cattle to the woods, procured hickory and maple, and fashioned ax-halves and ox-yokes, receiving 35 cents for the former and $2.50 for the lat- ter, averaging $5 a day. Although he could earn this amount by being industrious, the
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price of living was proportionately high, for he paid $9 per hundred for flour, 30 cents a pound for meat and $2 a bushel for corn. Kan- sas City was the nearest railroad point and a tri- weekly mail passed from Baxter Springs to Chetopa. Deer were plentiful in those days and he went on many hunting expeditions with J. A. R. Elliott, a champion shot of the world, who married his niece and now lives in Kansas City.
For some years Mr. Brooks has devoted himself to the raising of corn and hogs. He set out a fine apple orchard of 60 acres, has a large evaporator and cider press and gives much of his attention to the growing of fruit. He has also five acres of forest trees, there being more on his quarter section than on any other farm in the county, and it deserves the name of the "Forest Fruit Farm." In 1900 he built a new and modern home and now has one of the best houses in the township.
On December 30, 1867, Mr. Brooks was married to Sarah Jane Tallman, who was born in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, November 16, 1843, and is a daughter of John R. and Jane (Corson) Tallman, both natives of Penn- sylvania. They have had four children : Jo- seph, a teacher of music, located in Colorado; Mrs. Alice Owens, of Neosho township; Rosa, who died at the age of two years ; and John, who lives on a farm adjoining that of his father.
Mr. Brooks has been treasurer of the town- ship for two years, elected on the Republican ticket, but in political matters he is independ- ent. For a number of years he served as a school officer. Fraternally he has been an Odd Fellow and a Woodman, and in the latter organ- ization! still continues. He has also been a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and of the A. H. T. A.
Being a great lover of music, Mr. Brooks in 1882 organized a band of 16 members.
which for 16 years was the leading band of the county. He still maintains for pleasure and local pasttimes an orchestra of five pieces.
OX. BENJAMIN F. HOGG. The death of Hon. Benjamin F. Hogg, at Pasadena, California, on November 13, 1896, removed one of Cherokee County's large capitalists, and a citizen who had distinguished himself as a soldier, as a local public official, and as a wise legislator. Mr. Hogg was born at Lyndonville, New York, April 23, 1842, and was a son of George and Abigail (Reynolds) Hogg.
The Hogg family is of Scotch extraction, the grandparents of the late Mr. Hogg coming to America from Scotland and settling in Phil- adelphia. Later they moved to Lyndonville, New York, where George Hogg and his wife spent their lives. They had nine children, two of whom died in infancy. Five still survive, all of whom are residents of the Empire State except one, Adam, who resides at Lawrence. Kansas, — he is the father of Prof. Archibald Hogg, who is a member of the faculty of the State University of Kansas.
The late Benjamin F. Hogg attended the common schools, where he prepared for a useful career. The outbreak of the Civil War changed his plans and probably turned the whole current of his life, as it did that of many another young and loyal youth of those stirring days. In the fall of 1861 he enlisted in Com- pany I, 104th Reg., New York Vol. Inf.. in which he served without injury until the dread- ful slaughter of Gettysburg, where the gallant young soldier lost a hand. Subsequently he was honorably discharged. Por several years following this disaster, he served in State offi- cial life, as an officer of the Soldiers' Home at Albany, and later in the New York City Post Office, under Postmaster James.
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After his marriage, in 1869, he moved with his wife to Cherokee County, first locating in Pleasant View township, but later moving to Mineral township. His natural ability was shown in the success which met his endeavors in farming and stock-raising. He became the owner of much rich farming land, aggregating 560 acres, 480 acres of which are still owned and managed by his widow. Almost from the period of his settlement in Cherokee County, Mr. Hogg took an active and intelligent inter- est in political life and devoted his time, strength and means to the advancement of such legislation as seemed to him likely to pro- mote the welfare of his adopted State and County. In 1880 he was elected by the Demo- cratic-Populist party to the State Senate, where for four years, by pen, voice and influence, he faithfully served his constituents.
On June 28, 1869, Mr. Hogg was married at Franklinville, New York, to Julia A. Searle, who was born in New York, and was one of a family of 1 1 children. Her parents were A. D. and Jane M. (Scott) Searle, both of whom were born in America, of German and English ancestry, respectively. Mrs. Hogg is the only member of her family residing in Kansas. One brother, Judge D. B. Searle, has been a resi- dent of Stearns County, Minnesota, for the past 15 years. Another brother, Frank, is a prominent attorney of New York City, and the others all reside in the vicinity of the old home. Mrs. Hogg has three children, viz : Abigail J., who is at home; John, who is connected with the Citizens State Bank of Joplin, Mis- souri ; and James, who is associated with the Continental Creamery Company at Topeka. The last named completed the law course at the State University of Kansas, and was ad- mitted to the bar. John attended the State University, and Abigail J., the State Normal School at Emporia. Mrs. Hogg, who is a highly cultivated lady, is a graduate of the New York
State Normal School at Albany. In the man- agement of the large interests left in her care, she has shown admirable judgment and busi- ness sense. She is a valued member of the Presbyterian Church in Columbus, and both she and her daughter belong to the city's ex- clusive social circles.
The death of Mr. Hogg took place while sojourning in California, where he was in search of health, a change of climate having for some years been found necessary. He left be- hind many who appreciated his excellent qual- ities of mind and heart, and felt that his demise was a great loss to the county, with whose de- velopment he had been so long and prominently identified.
EORGE F. SOUDER. a farmer re- siding in section 6, in Salamanca township, is one of the very oldest settlers of Cherokee County, and a gentleman whose influence has been powerful in molding her institutions. Mr. Souder is a "Buckeye" by birth, having been born in Fair- field County, Ohio, on March 14, 1839.
It was oh May 10, 1869, when Mr. Souder, accompanied by a Mr. Tice and another gen- tleman, drove up to the town-site of Columbus, having made the trip from Tipton. Missouri. They were in search of a place to locate, and after some figuring with Hannibal Scovel, one of the two merchants then at that point, Mr. Souder purchased his stock, together with the northeast quarter of the section upon which the town-site was located, — the geographical cen- ter of the county being the southwest corner of this quarter. The purchase price of the goods and land was about $1 .500. The location of the building was about the center of the west side of the square. A Mr. Lewis conducted a store on the northeast corner of the square, and these
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two establishments did the business of the whole section at that time.
Mr. Souder conducted the store for a time, and then sold out. The land he cultivated for about six years, building a house and improv- ing it otherwise. In 1875 'ie traded the farm for the one he now owns. When this came into his possession, it had a small house of four rooms and a bit of orchard, and but four acres of it were broken out. This was little better than virgin prairie, so that the splendid farm he now owns is the product of his labor and intel- ligent management. Besides the quarter sec- tion, he has an 80-acre tract adjoining, and in Ross township he also owns a tract of 225 acres. About four years ago, Mr. Souder built the large and modernly appointed house in which the family now resides, the whole con- stituting one of the best farm properties of the county.
Frederick and Agatha (Kirns) Souder were the parents of the subject of this sketch. Both were natives of Germany and both had been previously wedded. They remained in the "Fatherland" until 1838, when they crossed the ocean in a sailing vessel. Landing at New York, they immediately removed to Fairfield County, Ohio, where they settled on a farm near Lancaster. When Mr. Souder was a lad of seven years, the family moved to Fort Ball, Seneca County, Ohio. Several years later, they moved to a farm in the western part of the same county, where they resided the re- aminder of their lives. Mr. Souder had six half-brothers and three half-sisters. A full- brother, Adam Souder, now resides at Fostoria, Ohio.
The subject of this sketch was reared for the most part in Fort Ball, now known as Tiffin, Ohio. He received a common school education, and remained at home until his mar- riage, in Tiffin, to the lady who has been his faithful companion and helpmeet, — Sybilla
Fruth. Mrs. Souder is a native of Seneca County, Ohio, and is a daughter of George and Margaret (Shubach) Fruth, natives of Ger- many. Soon after their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Fruth removed to Seneca County; they are now deceased ; a daughter is still living at the old homestead. Mr. Souder followed farm- ing in Ohio with good success, owning at dif- ferent times several farms, all of which were improved and sold to advantage. He served the government for a time during the war, in the barracks at Lima, Ohio, but was not in serv- ice in the field. Since coming to Kansas, he has devoted himself exclusively to farming. He is not one of those that fear the recurrence of drought, holding that wet weather has done Kansas more damage than the lack of moisture.
Mr. and Mrs. Souder have reared seven children, as follows: Lucy M., wife of E. C. Hicks; William, who died in Ohio when three years old; Adam, who died in Cherokee Coun- ty at the age of 14 years; George, who died in Cherokee County at the age of nine years ; W. H., operating and residing on the home farm, who married Anna Bergman, and has six children,— Gladys, George, John, Anna, Albert and Ralph; Charles A., a farmer of Ross township, Cherokee County, who married Birdie Reesman, and has three children, — Henry, Lyle and Cleda; and Anna, who died on the home farm when a child of six years.
E. C. Flicks, son-in-law of Mr. Souder, owns a 120-acre farm in section 6, Salamanca township, and 80 acres in section 1, Lola town- ship. He was born at Tremont, Illinois, in 1859. He is a son of Elah Hicks, now of Coal Center, Pennsylvania. Mr. Hicks came to Cherokee County with his parents. He learned telegraphy at Columbus, and spent about 20 years in the service of railroad companies, being with the Missouri Pacific for years at different points. He is independent, in politics, and is a member of the Masons (Blue Lodge and Chap-
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ter), and of the A. O. U. W., I. O. O. F., and the O. R. T. Mr. and Mrs. Hicks have had four children, — Edna; Gladys; Archie; and Lee, who is now deceased.
The above constitutes a brief review of one of Cherokee County's best families. Mr. Sou- lier takes little part in politics ; he is a Populist, in principle, but reserves the right to vote inde- pendently. He belongs to the German Evan- gelical Church. The esteem in which he and his family are held throughout the county is universal.
OHN McLAUGHLIN. Among the early settlers of Cherokee County, Kansas, the late John McLaughlin took a prominent part, for he was a man of sterling traits of character, a promoter of all enterprises undertaken for the public good, and one, who, while working for the wel- fare of his family, remembered the claims of education and morality. He was born in Coun- ty Derry, Ireland, December 22, 1825, and died on November 29, 1874, in Cherokee Coun- ty, Kansas. His parents were William and Mary (Patterson) McLaughlin.
The parents of Mr. McLaughlin spent their whole lives in Ireland. The four of their nine children who came to America, were, — John, the subject of this record; William, a resident of Mercer County, Illinois; Matilda and Jane. John McLaughlin grew up on his father's small farm, which he continued to assist in cul- tivating until he reached the age of 21 years, when he learned the carpenter's trade, which was his main occupation through life. After coming to America, he settled in Allen County, Indiana, where he married. In 1855, he re- moved with his wife to Richland County, Wis- consin, where he was engaged in farming for a time. Then he went to Illinois, and rented a farm in Mercer County until 186G, when he
located in Johnson County, Kansas. In the spring of 1867 he came to Cherokee County. He secured 160 acres of wild land in Sheridan township, to which he later added 160 more, which was subsequently found rich in coal de- posits, and was sold to a coal company.
Those pioneers who settled in Sheridan township as early as 1867, only 10 years later than the arrival of the first settler who dared fate by establishing a home in this Indian reser- vation, had still much to contend with, — the subjugation of Nature in the clearing of their lands, the protection of their families and flocks from the savages and wild beasts, and the en- durance of drudgery and deprivations of every kind, being inevitable incidents of those days on the frontier. Mr. McLaughlin had the great advantage of possessing a wife who was his cheerful, helpful assistant in every emergency, and one to whom he always gave much credit for his success. While he cleared his land, and made the fine improvements which mark it as one of the valuable farms of the township, he continued to work at his trade. He built struct- ures of all kinds throughout the county, includ- ing the first house in Oswego, Kansas, and many of the churches and school houses, which bear their own testimony to the educational and moral status of the good people of Cherokee County.
In Allen County, Indiana, on January 9, 1852, Mr. McLaughlin married Isabel Orr, who was born in March, 183 1, in County Derry, Ireland, and is a daughter of James and Jane Orr, both of whom were natives of Coun- ty Derry. Mr. Orr came to America in 1834 and settled at Trenton, Ohio, later moving to Allen County, Indiana, where he and his wife spent the remainder of their lives on their farm. The three survivors of their nine children are, — William, who lives on the homestead in In- diana; Annie, who resides at Ovid, Michigan; and Mrs. McLaughlin. The five children born
HON. JOHN MILTON COOPER
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to Mr. and Mrs. McLaughlin were, — Alvin, who is a prominent citizen of Chandler, Okla- homa, where he is treasurer of Lincoln County, and a large land owner; James Orr, deceased at the age of 38 years, who was a farmer in Ross township, Cherokee County ; William and Willis, twins, of whom the former is night watchman in mine No. 8, West Mineral, and the latter is a lumber dealer at Wellington, Kansas; and Mary (Mrs. Alexander Hudson), who resides in West Mineral.
Mr. McLaughlin became a member- of the Republican party soon after its organization, and continued his identification with it until his death. He was a prominent figure in coun- ty politics for years, filled many township offi- ces, and was a member of the Board of County Commissioners. For years he was active in the Presbyterian Church, being one of the el- ders, and was always interested in the work of the Sunday-school. Wherever known, he was respected and esteemed.
Mrs. McLaughlin still survives, and until 1904 she continued to reside on the home farm in section 12, township 32, range 22, in Sheri- dan township, the place in which she and her late husband had spent so many happy years together. She now resides in a pleasant home in West Mineral, surrounded by all the com- forts grateful to advancing years, and beloved by her family and friends.
OX. JOHN MILTON COOPER, ex- Mayor of Baxter Springs, a promi- nent and successful business man, conducting the largest general store in the city and identified with farming and min- ing interests in Cherokee County, was born December 11, 1841, at Eldara, Pike County, Illinois, and is a son of Isaiah and Elizabeth (Sigsworth) Cooper.
14
Isaiah Cooper was born June 18, 181 7, in Virginia, and in boyhood moved to Pike County, Illinois, where he later became a suc- cessful farmer. He married Elizabeth Sigs- worth, a daughter of Joseph and Anna (Jor- den) Sigsworth, farming people of Pike County, who came originally from England. The children of Isaiah Cooper and wife were : John Milton, of this sketch ; Joseph H., of Bax- ter Springs; Ann Elizabeth, wife of B. F. Townsend, of Santa Anna, California; William Shepherd, of Kansas City; Isaiah Matheny, of Santa Anna, California; George Elliott, of the Indian Territory; Andrew Eugene, of Miami, Indian Territory ; Blanche Ellen, wife of Bra- ziller L. Naylor, of Wagner, Indian Territory ; Benjamin F., who died at the age of 45 years; and Charles Albert, who is engaged in farming in Kansas.
Isaiah Cooper engaged in a mercantile busi- ness at New Salem, Illinois, and prior to i860 owned and operated a flouring mill, with an output of 100 barrels daily. He was not only an enterprising and successful business man, but he was also a patriotic one. In May, 1 862, he enlisted and was made captain of Company K, 99th Reg. Illinois Vol. Inf., and' at Black- River Bridge, near Vicksburg, he was in a furious engagement with the enemy, and while gallantly leading his command was so wounded that he lost an arm. He was invalided home and later was honorably discharged. After recuperating, Mr. Cooper resumed his farming operations and remained in the vicinity of New Salem until 1867, when he removed to Chero- kee County, Kansas. He located some six miles west of Baxter Springs, and also operated a general store in Baxter Springs for a time. He then resumed farming and was so occupied until his death on February 8, 1895. His wife had died on January 16, 1884. Thus passed away two most worthy and esteemed residents of Cherokee County.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
John M. Cooper was educated in the public schools of Pike County, Illinois, and completed his school course at the age of 18 years. On May 24, 1861, at the age of 20 years.he enlisted in Company K, 16th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf.. and until he was honorably discharged in 1864 took part in many of the conclusive battles of the war, notably those of Resaca; the fighting along the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad; Island No. 10; Pittsburg Landing and the siege of Corinth. Although he was, with his com- mand, near enough to witness the battle of Chattanooga, they were not engaged in it. The most severe engagement in which he partici- pated was that at Buzzards' Roost, in which 400 men made a gallant charge, capturing the enemy's works, but sustaining a loss of no men. Mr. Cooper was with his regiment until the expiration of his term of enlistment and was discharged May 24. 1864, at Springfield, Illinois.
After his return home, he entered a com- mercial college at St. Louis, from which he received five certificates and a diploma. He next opened a mercantile establishment at New Salem, Illinois, and remained there for two years and subsequently engaged in farming until 1868, when he removed to Baxter Springs, Kansas. He has made this city his permanent home and is here interested in farm- ing, mining and storekeeping. He is the head of the largest general store in Baxter Springs. carrying a complete stock of large value.
Since 1877 Mr. Cooper has been identified with the mining interests of the county, and was one of the original members of the Galena Mining & Smelting Company, which laid out the town-site of Galena and he was one of the heaviest stockholders. He is now president of the John M. Cooper M. & M. Company. which was organized with a capital stock of $100,000. Mr. Cooper had one of the first : she first store, in Galena,
on Main street, and he still has a store on Main street. The John M. Cooper M. & M. Com- pany owns over 3,000 acres of rich mineral lands, from which a handsome royalty is received.
On September 24, 1868, Mr. Cooper was married to Emily Little, daughter of Thomas and Sarah (Keyes) Little, farming people of Pike County, Illinois. They have had these children : Laura May, Ida Lee, Jessie Milton and John Isaiah. Laura May is the wife of \Y. E. Price, manager of the Cooper Drug Company, of Joplin, Missouri. They have five children, — Herbert Williamson, born Septem- ber 25, 1893; Earl Cooper, born December 13, 1894. deceased in childhood; Helen, born Oc- tober 25, 1896, deceased; Jessie June, born July 28, 1898, and Laurence Wallace, born July 31, 1900. Ida Lee married Charles F. Noble, of Baxter Springs, an oil speculator, and has had three children, — Clara May, born Jan- uary 1, 1893; John Franklin, born July 14, 1895; and Scott Osborne, born March 2, 1898, who died in infancy. Jessie Milton, born Jan- uary 22, 1880, and John Isaiah, born August 12, 1889, live at home. Upon this happy family circle fell a crushing bereavement, in the death of Mrs. Cooper, who passed away at Baxter Springs on July 27, 1904. She was a woman of rare character, one who was adored by her family and loved by her friends. She was a ministering angel to those in need and a support of the weak and wavering in her own circle or wherever her gentle influence was needed. In her the Episcopal Church lost a devoted mem- ber. She was a charter member of the first lodge of the Order of the Eastern Star, at Baxter
] Springs.
Mr. Cooper has always been an active Re-
! publican. He has been a member of the City
i Council, and during two terms served the city as mayor. He is president of the Inter-State
■ Reunion Association and a member of the
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Grand Army of the Republic. He is a 32c! degree Mason, and an Elk, and formerly be- longed to the Knights of Pythias and the An- cient Order of United Workmen. His portrait accompanies this sketch.
B. HENDERSON, whose real estate, loan, rental, insurance and abstract offices are located in the Crowell Building, Columbus, Kansas, has been in business in this city since April 28, 1885. He was born October 5, 1862, at Deer Creek, Pickaway County, Ohio, and is a son of John and Margaret (Thomas) Henderson. John Henderson was born in Pennsylvania and was 10 years old when his parents removed to Ohio and located in Pickaway County, where the family lived until 1885. They moved thence to Bates County, Missouri, where John Henderson bought a farm. There Mr. Henderson died, April 7, 1900, aged 67 years, but his widow still resides in Bates County. Mr. Henderson was an active Democrat and, being a man of education and responsibility, was frequently elected to local offices.
The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in Pickaway County, Ohio, and from his 17th to his 2 1 st year was engaged in teach- ing school there. Then he went to Nebraska where he was employed as a solicitor in the organ, piano and sewing machine business, and gained much necessary experience, by coming into contact with the great public. On locating at Columbus he entered upon his present line of business, and has become interested in, and identified with, a number of the successful min- ing operations of this section. He is secretary and treasurer of the S. H. & S. Mining Com- pany, which has its headquarters at Columbus and its mines at Peacock, where the company has a mill and developing plant. He is also
secretary and treasurer of the T. P. La Rue Investment Company, of which H. A. La Rue is president. This company was organized in April, 1902, with a capital of $12,000, and owns the Opera House Building. He is also secretary of the Electric Investment Company, organized at Columbus, with a capital of $20,- 000, the stock being backed by land adjoining Columbus on the east and north. Mr. Hender- son also owns stock in the Cherokee County Lumber Company ; he is interested in consider- able oil land in Appallatchie, Oklahoma; in mining land at Galena and on Spring River at Badger and Peacock; he owns, with D. M. Bliss, 1,400 acres of farming land, which yields about 500 tons of hay, besides other farm prod- ucts, and has a farm of his own, of 400 acres, in this county.
Mr. Henderson married a daughter of Lorin W. Camp, who was born and reared at Clay- ton, Illinois. Mr. Camp was born at Camptown, Pennsylvania, where he married a Miss Ed- wards, born at Laceyville, and they later re- moved to Illinois. Their two children were Mrs. Henderson and Dr. J. E. Camp, of Brook- lyn, Illinois. Mrs. Henderson's father was a piano tuner and also a teacher of music, and for a long time was manager for the musical negro wonder, "Blind Boone." In 1887, Mr. and Mrs. Camp located at Wichita, Kansas, and in June, 1898, removed to Columbus, where Mr. Camp died November 12, 1903, at the age of J2> years. He was a man of great musical ability, and was known to the profession and the public over a large extent of country. Mrs. Camp resides with her daughter.
Mr. and Mrs. Henderson have three sons, Lynn Camp, Leslie Thomas, and John, aged
14 years, nine years and one month respec- tively. Mr. Henderson occupies a handsome residence which he has built within a park of
15 acres, where he gratifies his taste for breed- ing high-grade stock and horses. Politically
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
a Democrat, he lias never accepted office be- yond serving as chairman and secretary of the Democratic County Central Committee. His fraternal connections include the Knights of Pythias, of Columbus, in which he has served in all the chairs; the Elks of Galena; the Mod- ern Woodmen of America, of Columbus ; and the Knights and Ladies of Security, of the same city.
Mr. Henderson and his wife were reared in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Hen- derson inherits much of her father's musical taste and ability, and at her former home in Clayton, Illinois, served as the church organist.
EORGE B. McCLELLAN, M. D., senior member of the firm of Mc- Clellan, Revell, Iliff & Newton, all leading medical practitioners of Cherokee County, was born in 1864, at War- rensburg, Johnson County, Missouri, and is a son of Dr. Andrew Jackson and Sarah (Rown- tree) McClellan.
Dr. Andrew Jackson McClellan was born in 1834 in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, and died at Weir City, Kansas, in 1898, aged 64 years. His widow, who is a native of Kentucky, still survives and resides with her son, George B. The late Dr. McClellan attended the Michigan Medical University through 1858 and 1859 and at the outbreak of the Civil War was made a post surgeon, in the Federal Army. After its close he practiced at Baxter Springs, Cherokee County, Kansas, until 1895, when he settled at Weir City, where his death occurred, as stated. In political action, he was a Democrat. During several years of his residence at Baxter Springs, he served on the pension board. He was one of the early and prominent physicians of the county, and was both esteemed and be- loved.
Dr. George B. McClellan was the only child of his parents to reach maturity. His mental training was pursued first at Baxter Springs, and later at Kansas City and in Gleason's Academy at Chicago. He read medicine with his father, whom he gratified by choosing the same profession, and then acquired practical experience in a drug store. In 1894 he grad- uated in medicine at the Northwestern Medical College of Missouri, and in the same year set- tled at Weir City. Here he has been success- fully engaged in practice ever since, first alone, and later in association with other eminent physicians whom he has called into association with him. Dr. McClellan conducts his office at Weir City in conjunction with Dr. C. B. Coss, formerly of Topeka ; Dr. A. T. Revell has an office at Scammon ; Dr. D. A. Iliff is located at Cherokee; while Dr. Newton opened at office at Chicopee. These physicians and surgeons individually and collectively attend to a large proportion of the sick, injured and afflicted throughout the coal mining region, and all are men of proved ability and high char- acter.
In 1895, Dr. McClellan was married to Lillian Revell, who is a sister of Dr. A. T. Re- vell. They have two children, — Adelaide and Robert Crowe, both of whom were born at Weir City.
Politically, Dr. McClellan is a Republican, but takes no very active part in politics. He is a member of the Cherokee County Medical As- sociation ; the Southeastern Kansas Medical Association ; the Kansas State Medical Asso- ciation ; the American Medical Association, and other State and county organizations, contrib- uting to their literature, and keeping fully abreast of the times in scientific thought. Fra- ternally he is a member of the Masons, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Modern Wood- men of America, A. O. U. W. and several other societies. He is the medical examiner of the
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Modern Woodmen of America and the A. O. U. W. Personally, the Doctor has a wide circle of warm freinds, and professionally, he enjoys the confidence of the general public.
HOMAS C. WEAVER, one of the honored survivors of the great Civil War, who is a well known business citizen of Baxter Springs, and a jus- tice of the peace in Cherokee County, was born in Kosciusko County, Indiana, July 14, 1840, and is a son of George and Hannah ( Moss) Weaver.
The Weaver family has descended from Dutch, Scotch and Irish ancestry. The father of our subject was born in Clark County, Ohio, where he was educated and engaged in a mer- cantile business until the age of 25 years, when he removed to Kosciusko County, Indiana, and embarked in cattle dealing, continuing in this business until 1854. The remainder of his life was spent in farming in DeWitt County, Illi- nois, where he died at the advanced age of 89 years. He married Hannah Moss, whose pa- rents were natives of Ohio ; she died at the age of 83 years. They had issue as follows : Lou- isa, wife of A. D. Cackley, who was in an ex- press transfer business at Clinton, Illinois, but is now retired ; Josephine, wife of J. D.Mitchell, who was a farmer and stock-raiser of DeWitt County, Illinois; Thomas C, of this sketch; Henry, who died in infancy ; Martha and Car- oline, who died in childhood; Mary and Hor- ace (twins), who died in infancy; Harvey V., who is manager of a sanitarium at Onarga, Iro- quois County, Illinois; and Charles F., who is a merchant at Atlanta, Illinois.
Thomas C. Weaver received his early edu- cation in the schools of DeWitt County, Illi- nois, which he attended during the winter sea- sons until he became of age. His summers
were devoted to agricultural pursuits on his father's farm. The stirring events of the early months of 1861 aroused his loyalty and he tes- tified to the reality of his patriotism by enlist- ing for service in the Civil War, on July 13, 1 86 1, and he was mustered into the army on August 5th, entering Company C, 41st Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf. He served two years and re- enlisted as a veteran, on December 18, 1863. On April 12, 1864, he was transferred to the Veteran Battalion and was promoted to the rank of sergeant-major. Later he was trans- ferred to the 53d Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., as ser- geant major, on April 24, 1865, and was pro- moted to the rank of 1st lieutenant, to date from April 7, 1865. He was finally mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky, on July 22, 1865. It will thus be seen that Mr. Weaver served over four years and during this time he partic- ipated in many of the most serious battles of the war, including: Fort Donelson, Fort Heil- man, siege of Vicksburg, Hatchie River, Ben- tonville, Coldwater, Jackson and many minor ones.
After the close of the war, Mr. Weaver re- turned to the peaceful pursuit of farming, in which he continued until 1882 in DeWitt County, Illinois, and then came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and engaged in a hardware business for two years, and subsequently spent four years in the grocery business. Since then his time has been engaged in the management of a successful insurance business at Baxter Springs and in attending to his magisterial du- ties as justice of the peace.
On September 20, 1870, Mr. Weaver was married to Ella Scroggin, who is a daughter of Humphrey Scroggin, a farmer of Logan County, Illinois. The five children of this mar- riage were: Edwin, who died aged two years; Alberta Maud, who died aged 12 years; George, who died aged four years; Olive (Mrs. W. C. Anderson), of Fort Scott, Kansas; and
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Nellie, who resides at home. The family at- tend the Methodist Episcopal Church.
From his earliest voting days, Mr. Weaver has been a stanch supporter of the Republican party, and he has frequently been called upon to assume the duties of office. In Illinois he was a member of the local School Board and held the same office at Baxter Springs, of which city he was treasurer for six years. For, the past seven years he has filled his present judi- cial position, the powers of which he has many times used to quietly settle differences without resorting to continued litigation. His decisions have been very generally supported and his personal integrity has never been questioned.
Since the organization of the camp of the Modern Woodmen of America at Baxter Springs in 1889, Mr. Weaver has served as clerk. He is a member and' the treasurer of the local lodge of the Ancient Order of United Workmen ; belongs also to the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order cf Odd Fellows, and is serving his fourth term as com- mander of the local G. A. R. post, of which he is a charter member.
[LLIAM W. BRANSON, one of the highly respected citizens of Ross township, Cherokee County, lo- cated in section 32, township 31, range 23, is also a survivor of that gallant array which marched out in defense of the country's integrity, in the stormy days of 1861. He was born in Harrison County, Ohio, May 10, 1837. and is a son of Abraham and Ann W. (Wil- son) Branson.
Abraham Branson was born in Loudoun County, Virginia, and the mother, in Penn- sylvania. They were married at Bridgeport, Ohio, where our subject's father was in the business of manufacturing woolen goods. Thev
had seven children : Lindley, Rachel, Jona- than, Elizabeth, William W., John C. and Abraham, the survivors being our subject and Elizabeth and Abraham, both of whom reside in Harrison County, Ohio.
William W. Branson obtained his educa- tion in the schools of Harrison County, and remained at home, assisting his father, until 21 years of age. He then made a visit to Cedar and Muscatine counties, Iowa, and while there, in April, 1861, he enlisted for three months, in Company C, 1st Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., and took part in the battle of Wilson's Creek and later was mustered out. Seeing that the war would continue, he re-enlisted, entering Com- pany C, 98th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and partici- pated in many of the most terrible battles of the unhappy struggle. From Chattanooga he marched with his regiment through Georgia and on, with Sherman's army, to the sea, and took part in the battles at Resaca, Peach Tree Creek, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta and Jones- boro, and in innumerable skirmishes, his last fight being at Bentonville, North Carolina. His was an unusual case, for he was much exposed but was neither captured nor wounded and when he was finally discharged at Camp Den- nison. he was able to go back to the farm and resume his work.
Prior to enlisting. Mr. Branson had mar- ried, in February, i860, Amanda Sergeant, who was born in Harrison County, Ohio, and died in 1873. She was tne mother of seven children, viz : Hortense, who married J. H. Jacobs, a farmer of Oklahoma; Russell W., postmaster at Cherokee, Kansas, who married Edith Glover; Mary Ann, who is the wife of J. S. Larimer, of Greenwood County, Kansas ; Rachel E., who is the wife of F. M. Curry, of Argentine, Kansas; Loretta, who is the wife of Montgomery Boore, a farmer of Cherokee County; Lizzie, who is the wife of George Millard, of Crawford County. Kansas; and
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John H., who married Huldah Johnson and re- sides at Argentine, Kansas.
Mr. Branson was married, second, to Kate Marsh, who was born in Noble County, Ohio, and they have one daughter, Elsie Edith.
In 1878 Mr. Branson settled with his fam- ily, in Cherokee County, Kansas, for a period of four months and then bought a farm of 80 acres in Crawford County, which he operated some years. In 1888 he bought one half of section 29, township 31, range 23, in Ross township, for a brother, and remained on that place until 1891. Since then he has rented his present farm in section 32, a property that shows evidences of good management.
Politically Mr. Branson is identified with the Republican party. He has never desired political recognition, and is satisfied to do his full duty as a citizen and to permit others the honors of office. He is a member of the Meth- odist Church.
HOMAS HAYNES. Old England, the little island upon whose possessions the sun never sets, has a number, of representatives in Cherokee County, and as a rule they are classed among her most thrifty citizens. The biographer is privileged to present here the name of one who, although born under the Union Jack, received the bap- tism of fire in the Civil War, which made him forever a "child of the republic." Thomas Haynes is a farmer who has for the past 27 years resided in section 35, township 32, range 23, in Ross township. He was born in Shrop- shire, England, March 29, 1834.
William and Hannah Haynes, his parents, were both natives of the same English shire.- The father, who was a cooper by trade, died in middle life, in 1839; the mother lived to the old age of 84 years. They reared a family of five children, of whom Margaret, the eldest, is
now deceased ; Hannah still resides in England ; Mary, also, is deceased; John resides in Mc- Lean County, Illinois; and Thomas is the sub- ject of this review.
During the boyhood and early manhood of Thomas Haynes, there was small chance for him to procure an education, owing to the fact that his father died when he was but five years old. He early became inured to toil and hard- ship of the severest kind, and it was the hope of bettering his condition that led him, when but a lad, to embark for America. Here he secured work on a farm, and was engaged at that occupation when the war cloud burst upon the country in 1861 ; at that time he was near Bloomington, Illinois. He was among the first in his neighborhood to enlist, and became a private in Company B, 52d Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf. He was mustered in at St. Joseph, Missouri, and arrived at the front in time to participate in the fight at Fort Donelson. The bloody battle of Shiloh followed. In both of these the subject of this sketch took the part of a soldier, after which, on account of failing health, he was detailed as a driver in the am- bulance corps. In this position he continued with the Army of the West in its different operations, finally winding up with Sherman in his memorable "March to the Sea." His health now became so much impaired that it was necessary for him to return from the front, and he spent the remaining few months of the war in a hospital at Coney Island, New York. He rejoined his regiment but a few days be- fore the final discharge of its members at Louis- ville, Kentucky, July 3. 1865. He now draws a pension of $17 per month.
Returning to Bloomington, Illinois, he re- mained in that vicinity for, about n years, thence moving, in 1877, to Cherokee County, Kansas. During the first year he rented a farm in Ross township, and then purchased the place on which he now resides. It contained 160
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acres, only 25 of which had been broken, and on it was nothing but a small box house — no fences, no trees, — in fact the splendid farm property which he now possesses is the product of his own brawn and brain. His first crops were corn and flax, but he later branched out and took up the line of the diversified farmer, in which he has nlade so signal a success.
The marriage of the subject of this sketch was consummated in October, 1866, when he was wedded to Sarah Buzard, a native of Ohio. To them were born seven children, as follows : William, who died, aged 17 years; Clara (Mrs. Ernest Thatcher) ; John, a farmer of Ross township, Cherokee County; Anna, who mar- ried Jacob McCune, a farmer now residing near Kansas City; Sarah Agnes (Mrs. Fred Green), of Scammon, Cherokee County; Frank, a farmer of Lola township, Cherokee County; and Howard, who now manages the home place, his father having retired from active work about five years ago.
The life of Mr. Haynes during his resi- dence in the county has been that of a quiet and industrious farmer. He has never aspired to office, but in politics votes the Republican ticket. He and his wife are consistent and worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in the large circle of their ac- quaintance they are held in the highest regard.
LEM LISLE, deceased, formerly county treasurer of Cherokee County, and for many years one of its most prom- inent citizens, located here as one of the early settlers, and for 18 years was identi- fied with its agricultural, business and political life. Mr. Lisle was born February 8, 1824, in Wayne or Holmes County, Ohio, and died at Los Angeles, California, December 9, 1887. Mr. Lisle received the best mental training
the local schools afforded, and in 1846 began farming in his native State. Two years later, he removed to Berlin, Holmes County, Ohio, where he embarked in the grocery business, which he continued until the discovery of gold in California aroused the adventurous spirit of the youth of the land; in 1850 he sold his grocery and went to the West. There he en- gaged in mining for two years, and then re- turned to Ohio, where he bought 80 acres of good land in Allen County. This continued to be his home until 1856, when he moved to Lima and was there engaged in the mercantile busi- ness until 1868.
Deciding to select a permanent home in the West, Mr. Lisle removed to Kansas City, and a year passed before he had definitely settled upon a locality which he considered most desir- able. In the fall of 1868 he returned to Ohio, settled up his affairs, and came back to Kansas in the spring of 1869, locating on the "Mili- tary Road" in Cherokee County, not far from Baxter Springs. Mr. Lisle was a man of cau- tion and excellent judgment, and, after a care- ful survey of the country, he purchased a sec- tion of land in Shawnee township, where all the desirable conditions of fine prairie land and good water supply were combined. Here he conducted a large stock farm for six years, dealing principally in Texas cattle, buying, feeding and selling. When ready for the mar- ket the cattle were driven to Carthage, Mis- souri, whence they were shipped by railroad: This business was very successful, as were all of Mr. Lisle's enterprises, managed as they were with the greatest good judgment and fore- thought. In 1873 his Republican friends in- sisted upon his accepting the office of county treasurer, and he served in this capacity four years and four months, — up to 1878. He served also as councilman at Columbus, and was always actively interested in the success of his party.
ABIEL SAMUEL DENNISON
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After closing his service as treasurer, Mr. Lisle devoted his attention to the buying and selling of real estate, and improved about 12 different farms. At the time of his decease, he left four fine farms. He was largely interested also in lead mining at Webb City and Galena, being one of the first investors upon the discov- ery of ore there.
Mr. Lisle was a Mason, a member of the Blue Lodge and Chapter at Columbus and the Commandery at Oswego, and with his wife was a member of the Order of the Eastern Star. As an Odd Fellow he was very prominent, and had the honor of instituting Lodge No. 56, at Co- lumbus.
At the age of 20 years, Mr. Lisle was first married to Lamenta Steel, of Wayne County, Ohio. She died at Lima, Ohio, in 1867. The second marriage of Mr. Lisle took place Feb- ruary 16, 1869, when he wedded Anna Jen- kins, of Lima, Ohio, who still survives, and is one of the most highly esteemed ladies of Co- lumbus. The death of Mr. Lisle left her with many business responsibilities. With remark- able ability she has successfully handled them. For about 10 years she conducted the four farms which came into her possession, and then disposed of two of them ; she still manages the other two, which are located within 10 miles of Columbus. She also retains her interests in the mines at Galena.
For a number of years it had been Mr. and Mrs. Lisle's pleasant custom to winter in Cal- ifornia and. as the climate seemed to agree with them, he was making preparations to es- tablish a permanent home there, at the time of his death.
Mrs. Lisle has probably traveled more ex- tensively than any other resident of Cherokee County. She has made 20 trips across the continent, and has enjoyed all the advantages which wealth and leisure afford in her own country. She has also extended her travels
through England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Italy, Switzerland and Russia, and is one of the few American ladies who have penetrated to the northernmost city of Hammerfest, and rounded the North Cape, in the "Land of the Midnight Sun." It is gratifying to her, own people and to the city of her residence espe- cially, that one who has enjoyed such unusual opportunities to see the finest and best things of other lands, should prefer to return to the old home, and pass the evening of her life among old surroundings, satisfied with the re- spect and affection of old friends.
BIEL SAMUEL DENNISON, of Columbus, whose portrait accompa- nies this sketch, is a son of Alvin and Rhoda Dennison, and was torn fin his father's farm, in the town of Floyd, Oneida County. New York, November 24, 1828.
On his father's side he is descended from William Dennison, who came from the north part of England, and settled in Roxbury, Con- necticut, in 1 63 1, and on his mother's side from George Potter, who emigrated from England, and settled in Portsmouth, Rhode Island, in 1638.
His ancestors on both sides fought in Crom- well's army in England ; in this country fought for the English King in the French and Indian wars ; against the King in the War of the Revolution, and the War of 1812: and for the Union in the War of the Rebellion.
He attended district school until 14 years old, then went to the Whitstown Seminary three years, after which he taught district school four years, returning home every year until 21 years old to work on the farm during harvest.
When about 21 years old, he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. Babcock. who
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resided in Oriskany, Oneida County, New York. Alter studying with the doctor about a year and a half lie attended one course of lec- tures at the Albany Medical College. Dr. Bab- cock was a popular doctor, and had a very large practice, conducted by himself and a Dr. White, assisted by one or more students. On entering the office as a student, he was immediately sup- plied with a horse and sulky, saddle-bags, medi- cine, tooth instruments, and' put on the road to practice medicine, and kept on the road every day, including Sundays.
In the summer of 1851 his health failed; he was weary in body and mind, with symp- toms of the dreaded disease consumption. Rest and change of climate were prescribed, and a trip to Chicago recommended'. In September, 1 85 1, he traveled from Rome, New York, by passenger boat on the Erie Canal to Buffalo, from Buffalo to Detroit by lake steamer, from Detroit to New Buffalo by the Michigan Cen- tral Railroad, then by steamboat to Chicago.
Chicago was then a city of from 25,000 to 30,000 people, with mostly wooden houses, lo- cated on a mud flat, from six to eight feet above the waters of the lake. The streets in many places were almost impassable, loaded teams often being stuck in mud holes in the business streets ; there were no railroads, the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad being then in process of construction, running a few miles north by west, but not in condition to do much business; there was no good money, the money then used in Chicago having only a local value; times were hard and trade poor, and everybody wanted to sell out at almost any price, a lot near the lake front 100 by 120 feet being offered him for $100.
Mr. Dennison remained in Chicago about two weeks and then traveled from Chicago by stage to Rockford, which town he made his headquarters for about a month, visiting Tanes- ville. Belvidere, Dixon and other towns. Dur-
ing this period he hunted and got lost on the vast unsettled prairies, fished in Rock River and other streams, and had a splendid time, being greatly improved in health.
Here was a fine looking, fertile country, with a healthy climate, that produced wonder- ful crops, but there was no market for anything, no railroads, or any prospect for railroads, no navigable rivers and no canals. Some grain three years old was still in stacks, not worth threshing and hauling to market.
The people had no money, lived in poor houses unsuitable for that harsh climate with very little furniture, wore poor clothes, but had plenty to eat, such as they raised. When they needed salt or medicine, two or more farmers clubbed together, hauled loads of pork or, wheat to Chicago, camped out on the trip, and sold pork from one to two cents a pound, wheat at about 30 cents a bushel, the trip consumed from five to eight days.
From Rockford to Galena, Illinois, he trav- eled by stage, the last day of the trip being election day. Galena was then famous for its lead products, but it had seen its best days, and the production of lead was decreasing rapidly.
As Mr. Dennison could not figure out any speedy outlook of prosperity for Chicago, or the country tributary to it, he concluded to visit the Sunny South.
Here was the mistake of his life, but con- sidering the experience and information he then possessed, no other conclusion could be reached. His own native country in a hundred years had made very slow progress, notwithstanding it had a navigable river (the Mohawk), later the Erie Canal, and still later the New York Cen- tral Railroad. The building of railroads at that time progressed very slowly. Capital avoided railroads. He could not foresee that Chicago and the country tributary thereto would in a few years be literally covered with railroads, and the country built up as by magic.
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Mr. Dennison journeyed on a Mississippi River steamboat to St. Louis and found that city a dead town. Alton was then claiming to be the coming city.
After staying in St. Louis about a week, he went on to New Orleans by river steamer. New Orleans was a live, prosperous city. The amount of property in cotton and sugar piled on the river front was astonishing. Business was rushing. He accepted a position as pro- fessor of mathematics in the Franklin High School, corner of Royal and Esplanade streets, at a big salary, and remained in that position until the school closed for the summer vacation.
Immediately on the closing of the school, he accepted a position in a drug store at an in- creased salary, soon received an offer of a better salary in a wholesale drug house, and in about three months received an offer of a larger sal- ary in a wholesale cotton and sugar house, first as shipping clerk, afterwards as cashier. He remained with that house until August, 1853, when the yellow fever drove him, anil every other person that could get away, out of the city. He went to St. Louis, and soon en- gaged in the manufacture of hardwood lumber with William Martin, their saw-mill being lo- cated in North St. Louis. He continued in that business until March, 1857, when he took a railroad construction contract on the Keno- sha & Rockford Railroad, for grading and rock excavation near1 Rockford, and for building culverts and bridges from Harvard, Illinois, to Rockford, Illinois, with headquarters at Rock- ford, Illinois, and then at Poplar Grove, and Chemung, Illinois. He completed this work in June, 1859, after experiencing a great deal of trouble because of the financial crash of 1857. The railroad company failed to pay the money due for construction and finally Mr. Dennison settled with it by taking its securities, mostly farm mortgage bonds, at 80 cents on the dol- lar. He took another railroad contract for
grading in Minnesota, with headquarters at Winona, but sold out this contract before it was completed in order to take another contract on the Mobile & Ohio Railroad in the State of Mississippi. Here was the second great mis- take of his life, leaving the North to go South.
In the fall of 1859 he took a contract for grading and furnishing ties on the Mobile & Ohio Railroad with headquarters at Baldwin, Guntown, Booneville and Corinth. He finished this work in April, 1861, after experiencing serious trouble, owing to the disturbed condi- tion of the country caused by the commence- ment of the Civil War. He had agreed to take a contract to build a railroad from Meridian to Vicksburg, but it was impossible to perform the work. All the energies of the people were used in preparing for war to whip the Yankees and Abolitionists. It became necessary to get out of the country as soon as possible, or join the Southern army to fight the North. He went north, arriving at Cairo, Illinois, about the time the Northern forces took possession of that place. He purchased a fractional half-section (338 acres) of raw prairie land, half a mile east of Hoyleton, Washington County, Illinois. He fenced it and put the land under cultivation, built two houses on it, divided it into three farms, and in the summer of 1864 sold the last farm.
On November 9, 1864, Mr. Dennison mar- ried Philena J. Chubb, and immediately settled in Bloomington, Illinois, where he remained about one year, without engaging in any regu- lar business. In November, 1865, he moved to Lawrence, Kansas, where he remained until February, 1867. At the time he moved to Lawrence, Kansas City had one railroad, the Missouri Pacific, — with its depot in the south part of the city. The Kansas Pacific Railway, commenced at Wyandotte (now Kansas City, Kansas), and ended at Lawrence. While in
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Lawrence Mr. Dennison was engaged in build- ing. In February, 1867, lie moved to Baxter Springs, Cherokee County, Kansas. The move from Bloomington to Lawrence was made to avoid the wet, cold climate of the former place, and the move from Lawrence to Baxter Springs was made to avoid the cold, harsh winters of Northern Kansas.
At first in Baxter Springs he engaged in the real estate business, buying lots, erecting build- ings and selling the same. He also engaged in the drug business with G. G. Gregg.
In May, 1869, Mr. Dennison was chosen president of The Joy City Town Company, composed of G. Vanwinkle, J. E. Slater, A. S. Dennison, W. H. Hornor, G. G. Gregg. Will- iam Street and William Armstrong of Chero- kee County, Kansas, Almond Botsford of the State of Ohio, David Philips of Kansas City, Missouri, and J. B. Grinnell "of Iowa. This company purchased the squatter right (no other title could be obtained at that time) to about 2.000 acres of land at the cost of about $20,000. for the purpose of building a town about six miles west of Baxter Springs. The Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad had located its road to Columbus, Kansas, and it was in- tending to build the road south from Columbus through these lands to reach the Kansas State line in the valley of the Neosho River, to re- ceive from the United States the only north and south right-of-way through the Indian Terri- tory, granted by the Indians to the United States by treaty. This great prize the United States offered to the railway running north ana south through the State of Kansas, that first reached the south State line of Kansas in the valley of the Neosho River. The Missouri River. Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad, running from Kansas City, Missouri, south and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway, running fr< nn Junction City south were competing for this right-of-way, the former leading. Unex-
pectedly, the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad Company located its road from Co- lumbus to Baxter Springs, arriving at Baxter Springs and the State line first with weeks of time to spare. The United States decided that Baxter Springs was in Spring River Valley, and the road lost the right-of-way. The cov- eted right-of-way was awarded to the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway that reached the State line at Chetopa. That road enjoyed the mo- nopoly of the only north and south railroad through the Indian Territory for many years.
The town company lost its prospective profits and some of its capital. The railroad company, by losing the right to reach the Gulf of Mexico, was only a short road from Kansas City to Baxter Springs, and in a short time went into the hands of a receiver, then was sold at master's sale on mortgage foreclosure.
In January, 1874, Mr. Dennison was ap- pointed under-sheriff of Cherokee County by Sheriff Alfred Palmer, and in 1876 was re- appointed for another term.
In 1877 he ran for the office of sheriff, and with the entire Republican ticket wras defeated. Soon after the election, it was rumored that fraud in two wards of Empire City was the cause of the loss of the election. The election was contested and he lost. The Republican County Central Committee, believing fraud had been perpetrated, insisted the case of the sheriff should be appealed forthe purpose of exposing the fraud. The case was appealed, but the cost of bringing a large number of witnesses to court was so great that a change of venue was taken, so the depositions of the witnesses could be taken, and it required about the remaining term of the office to take the depositions, so the case was dismissed. The proof, however, showed to the satisfaction of the people of the county that the ballot-boxes in which the voters' ballots were placed in the first and second wards of Empire City were, after the election
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was closed at night, while the judges of the election were at supper, changed for similar boxes that had been stuffed.
In 1879 ne was elected sheriff, and re- elected in 1 88 1. On November 22, 1875, he was appointed United States Circuit Court Commissioner for the district of Kansas, which position he held about seven years, and then re- signed, not having time to attend to the duties thereof.
On June 29, 1878, he was admitted to the bar of the District Court of the Eleventh Judi- cial District of Kansas.
On the 14th day of April, 1877, Dr- Will- iam Street of Baxter Springs and A. S. Denni- son bargained with Egidius Moll, for the west half of the southeast quarter, and the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 14, township 34, range 25, in Cherokee County, for the consideration of $10,000. This pur- chase was the commencement of the organiza- tion of the Galena Town & Mining Company, composed of W. H. Fairbanks, S. H. Sanders and John M. Cooper, who founded the city of Galena.
In March, 1881, Mr. Dennison moved from Baxter Springs to Columbus, and in a few months thereafter built a residence on a 10-acre lot in Salamanca township, a quarter of a mile west of the west line of Columbus, and has resided there (23 years) up to this date.
Since 1884 he has been engaged in the real estate and loan business and the practice of the law.
Politically he is a Republican, and has often served as chairman of the Republican County Central Committee. His fraternal associations are with the Masons, Odd Fellows, and Knights of Pythias. In religious connection he is a Congregationalist. He was the organ- izer, in its present form, of the Old Settlers'
Association of Cherokee County, Kansas, and was its president for several years.
Mr. Dennison has had seven children in his family, of whom Eva, Clarence, Ernest and Ralph died in infancy and in early childhood; Nina, Samuel and Rhoda survive. Nina is a successful teacher; Samuel is engaged in min- ing in Arizona, and Rhoda is married and re- sides in Arkansas.
ANIEL WINTER, M. D., one of the leading physicians and surgeons of Columbus, of the Homeopathic school, has been a resident of Chero- kee County for more than 20 years. Dr. Win- ter was born in the principality of Waldeck. Germany, in 1833, and is a son of William and Henrietta (Meisner) Winter.
The parents of Dr. Winter came to Amer- ica in 1843 and settled in Fairfield County, Ohio, where William Winter followed his trade of gunsmith until 1852, when he moved to Shelby County, Illinois. He did not live to establish himself there, however, his death oc- curring six weeks later, at the age of 63 years. His wife, who was also a native of Northern Germany, died at Columbus, Kansas, in 1884. aged 88 years. Dr. Winter has two brothers, — Rev. E. A. Winter, a minister in the Lutheran Church, who is now in Oklahoma; and Ferdinand, who is a farmer in Fairfield County, Ohio.
Dr. Winter was educated in Ohio and was subsequently engaged in teaching for some years prior to taking up the study of medicine, which he did about 1849, at Lancaster, Ohio, with Dr. Sachse, a noted German physician of that day. In 1885 he began the practice of medi- cine, which he has followed continuously with the exception of three years, until the present
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time. After his removal, with his parents, to Shelby County, Illinois, he practiced very suc- cessfully until he came to Columbus in 1884.
Prior to leaving Ohio, Dr. Winter was mar- ried to Isabel Hiestan, who was born in that State, of German ancestry. They have five children, namely: W. F. E., of Columbus, who follows the trade of a carpenter; Mrs. Henri- etta Harvey, of Columbus ; Albert, of St. Louis, who is in the employ of a manufacturing com- pany ; Louis H., of Galena, Kansas, a stenog- rapher by profession ; and Mrs. Emma A. Sam- uelson, of Dietz, Wyoming. Three children are deceased.
Politically, Dr. Winter is a Democrat of the old Jeffersonian type, and was formerly very active in political affairs. He has witnessed many changes in the old standards, but still is stanch in his adherence to the underlying prin- ciples of the party. He is equally loyal to the Lutheran Church in which he was reared from childhood. His wife is also a member of that church.
Dr. Winter is a member of the Missouri Institute of Homeopathy, and formerly be- longed to the Ozark Medical Society. He is the only distinctively Homeopathic physician in Columbus and has a large practice, which, in spite of his 70 years, he skillfully attends to. During his long residence here, he has seen wonderful progress made, and has been identi- fied with much of the city's development.
HE A. HOOD & SONS IMPLE- MENT COMPANY, with head- quarters at Columbus, Kansas, is one of the extensive industries of Chero- kee Conuty, and probably does the largest ve- hicle business in the Southwest. It was es- tablished in 1873, and was incorporated July 29, 1 901, under the laws of the State of Kansas.
The first officers of this company, who also formed its first board of directors, were : Ar- chibald Hood, deceased July 17, 1903, presi- dent ; Wilson K. Hood, who died February 19, 1904, vice-president; and Edgar C. Hood, secretary. The present officers are : Edgar C. Hood, president; George W. Hood, vice-presi- dent; O. E. Skinner, secretary; and Mary A. Hood, treasurer. The directing board is com- posed of Edgar C. Hood, George W. Hood and O. E. Skinner.
While Columbus is the headquarters of the concern, branch houses have been established at Pittsburg, McCune and Baxter Springs. The company works with a full paid-up capital of $125,000, has a large surplus, and carries at all times a full line of vehicles, agricultural im- plements and seeds. The main building of the company is located on the south side of the square at Columbus, and was built by Archi- bald Hood in 1883. It is of two stories, 1 10 by 36 feet in dimensions. Of the two other buildings, one is of two stories, 50 by no feet, and the other, 25 by no feet, in di- mensions. The total floor space occupied by the company, in its main and branch houses, reaches 50,000 square feet, or over one acre.
The employees number five at Columbus, four at McCune, four at Pittsburg and three at Baxter Springs. The stock carried comprises about 350 vehicles or 12 car-loads all the time.
This large business is in the hands of capa- ble men, wide awake to business competition and enterprise. George W. Hood, the treas- urer of the company was born at Columbus, Kansas, in 1880, and spent two years in the State University of Kansas. He has the over- sight of the Columbus house, and gives his im- mediate attention to the buggy department.
O. E. Skinner, who is the head bookkeeper and cashier, has been with the company about 23 years, and has made its interests his own.
Oscar Crane, manager for the Columbus
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house has been with the company the same length of time as has Mr. Skinner, and his fi- delity is known and appreciated. James Han- son, the genial warehouse foreman, has been with the company since 1877, with the excep- tion of seven years, and M. L. Downs has been connected with the business for about 12 years. John C. Broadley. traveling solicitor, has been with the firm, at various times, since 1882. Bruce Wilson is in charge of the seed depart- ment of the Columbus house.
The Pittsburg house is under the immediate supervision of Edgar C. Hood, the president of the company, whose head salesman is Mr. Harshman.
The McCune house is in charge of John Martin, an efficient manager. The collecting department is managed by Dan Elledge, who resides at McCune. George E. Rucker is the capable manager of the branch house at Bax- ter Springs. The most cordial relations exist between the officials and employees of this com- pany, the result being little friction and the greatest prosperity.
ALLACE E. TOPPING, a prosper- ous farmer residing in section 3, township 34, range 22, in Neosho township, Cherokee County, is a man of considerable prominence in the commu- nity, and has frequently been called upon to serve in an official capacity. He was born in Barry County, Michigan, May 30, 1861, and is a son of Washington and Emily (Sanders) Topping, and a grandson of Robert Topping. Robert Topping was born in Pennsylvania, and died in Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1884, aged 78 years. He was a farmer by occupa- tion, and operated two sawmills when a resident of Ohio. He later owned 400 acres of land in Michigan, where he lived many years. He was a captain in the State militia of Huron County,
Ohio. He married Elizabeth McNutt, who was also born in Pensylvania, and died in Cher- okee Comity, Kansas, at the age of 70 years. They were the parents of seven children, as follows: Jane (Rork), Alexander and Frank Moore, deceased; Robert J., of Joplin, Mis- souri ; Washington ; and two who died in in- fancy.
Washington Topping was born in Huron County, Ohio, August 5, 1837, and was 17 years of age when he moved with his parents to Barry County, Michigan. He lived there until he enlisted, in 1863, in Company C, 1st Reg., Michigan Mechanics and Engineers, under Captain Robinson and Colonel Yates. They built a bridge across the Tennessee River at Chattanooga during Sherman's "March to the Sea," and there, with 65 foragers for the regi- ment, boarded a ship for Richmond. Mr. Top- ping was present in the Grand Review at Washington, at the close of the war. He then went to Nashville, Tennessee, built barracks and worked on the fort for a number of months, and was discharged at Jackson, Michigan, in the fall of 1865. He had learned the trade of a carpenter in Michigan, and followed it three years. On September 10, 1866, with his fam- ily, including his father and mother-in-law, he left Michigan for Kansas, driving through in company with many others, there being 36 teams, in all. He located upon his present farm in the northeast quarter of section 18, Lola township, having originally 160 acres. Of this the Indians "head righted" 40 acres, and he has since disposed of 40 acres, leaving him 80 acres at the present time. He had but little money when he came, and a part of this was expended in the purchase of a 5-acre tract of timber, from which he cut the logs with which to build a cabin. It was the first cabin in the county with roof and floor, and also had one door and a window. It was a very fair house, and 15 years elapsed before he replaced it with a good,
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
substantial home. It took four or five years be- fore the sod was broken all over this tract, and the sod crops for some years were poor. At the present time Mr. Topping has about 17 head of stock, and a fine orchard of 400 apple trees. The first orchard set out by him was totally destroyed by fire. He is a member of McGibben Post, G. A. R., and the Settlers' League. He was a Republican in politics for some years, but is now a Populist. Religiously, he is a member of the Christian Church. His first marriage was with Emily Sanders, who was born in Ohio, and died at the age of 59 years. The following children were born to them: Wallace E., Catherine E. (McKinsey), deceased; Charles H., of Hollowell, Cherokee County; and Nettie (Curtis), of Lincoln Coun- ty, Kansas. Mr. Topping was married a sec- ond time, in 1902, wedding Mrs. Martha E. Merryfield, who was born August 4, 1836, and is a daughter of Lorenzo and Eleanor (Rork) Cooley. They were acquainted in their early life and were childhood sweethearts. They drifted apart, and did not meet agin until re- recent years at Abilene, Kansas. This unex- pected meeting and renewal of old acquaint- ance resulted in their union.
Wallace E. Topping was five years of age when he accompanied his parents to Cherokee County, Kansas, and here he received his early mental training. He first attended the old log schoolhouse where they used slab benches, and continued there until the county was districted. He then attended District No. 1 until he was ready to enter high school, which he attended one year, after which the school was organized as the Oswego High School, in which he was a member of the first junior class. Afterwards, he attended the Fort Scott Normal School. At the age of 19 years he began teaching school and continued that for 10 years, his last school being at Sherman City. In politics, he was a Republican until 1890, when he joined the
Farmers' Alliance, all of that party's candidates being elected that fall. He was appointed dep- uty clerk of the District Court under C. R. Bernard, and served two years. Afterwards, he was for two years land clerk in the State Auditor's office under Van B. Prather. He was appointed chief clerk under W. H. Morris, of Crawford County, and served two years. During the time he was at Topeka, he owned 80 acres of land ; upon his return to Cherokee County, he sold out and purchased his present farm of a little over 160 acres in Neosho town- sip. He conducts a stock farm, and has about 30 head of white-faced cattle.
In 1 89 1, Mr. Topping was joined in mar- riage with Bird Goodner, born in Sheridan township, September 22, 1871, and a daugh- ter of James J. and Elizabeth Goodner, who came to Kansas in 1864 from Illinois, and lo- cated in Cherokee Comity in 1865. Mr. Good- ner was county treasurer of Cherokee County, and afterwards served as county coroner. This union has been blessed by the birth of one daughter, — Crete, aged 12 years. Fraternally, the subject of this sketch is a member of the In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows and has been representative to the Grand Lodge. He is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica, in which he has passed through the chairs, and of the A. H. T. A.
IMRI DIXON, deceased, was for many years one of the most prominent far- mers of Shawnee township, Chero- kee County, and to a marked degree commanded the respect and esteem of his fellow men. He was born in Parke County, Indiana, November 2, 1840, and was a son of Eli and Esther (Kelley) Dixon.
Eli Dixon, whose parents came from North Carolina, lived most of his life in Parke Coun-
REV. HENRY R. VOLLMAR
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ty, Indiana, where he followed fanning, and where he died when the subject of this sketch was an infant. He married Esther Kelley, who had formerly married Nathan Hunt, and they became the parents of three children, — John, Rhoda and Zimri. Religiously, both were Qua- kers.
Zimri Dixon was reared on a farm and fol- lowed the occupation of a farmer throughout his life. In 1861, he enlisted in Company K, 43d Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf., and served with his regiment about nine months, when he was honorably discharged on account of disability caused by sickness. He returned to Indiana and farmed a place owned by his half-sister, Mrs. Mary Ann (Hunt) Rawlings, until two years after his marriage, when he moved to Kansas and located in the Cherokee Neutral Lands on the place now occupied by his widow. Subsequently, after extended litigation, he was obliged to purchase it of the Kansas City & Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad Company, which had a prior claim to it. He farmed on an ex- tensive scale, and with continued success was enabled to add to his holdings from time to time until at his death he was the owner of 720 acres of valuable land. He probably raised more hay and corn than any other farmer in the township, and also oats, in large quantities. He kept on an average 35 head of cattle and 60 hogs. In 1870 he built a fine, stone residence of seven rooms, the only stone house in Shaw- nee township. About two years later, he built the fine, large, stone barn, 46 feet square, with a capacity for 100 tons of hay, and 1,000 bush- els of grain.
On March 12, 1865, Mr. Dixon was joined in marriage with Emily Atkinson, a daughter of Robert and Polly (Curl) Atkinson, of Eng- lish origin. Her father was born in Randolph County, North Carolina, where he lived until after his marriage and the birth of his first
child, and then moved to Indiana in the fall of 15
1 83 1. He took a homestead in Parke County and farmed there until 1869, when he came West to Cherokee County, Kansas. He pur- chased a government claim of 160 acres in Shawnee township, and continued to live upon it until his death, September 2^, 1890, at the age of 88 years. He married Polly Curl, a daughter of George Curl, of Chatham County, North Carolina. Five children were born to- them, namely : Sarah Ann, widow of Demp- sey Mills, who lives with Mrs. Dixon at pres- ent; George, who lives in Parke County, In- diana; John, who lives in Shawnee township; Emily, widow of Zimri Dixon ; and Jared, of Roseburg, Oregon. Mr. and Mrs. Atkinson were of the Quaker faith.
Mr. and Mrs. Dixon became the parents of nine children, eight of whom grew to maturity, as follows : Ella, wife of J. E. Lane, of Empire City, Kansas; Cora, wife of John Wellman, of Shawnee township, Cherokee County ; Anna, deceased ; Joel, of Scammon, Kansas ; Alice, wife of John Isley of Los Angeles, California ; Charles, of Shawnee township, Cherokee Coun- ty; Morton, who lives at home; and Rosa, de- ceased, who was the wife of J. M. Bass. Re- ligiously, the subject of this sketch was a mem- ber of the Society of Friends until he went to the war, and his widow is still a member of that society. Politically, he was a strong Re- publican, but was never an office holder.
EV. HENRY R. VOLLMAR. On the 5th of May, 1898, the community of Williamsburg, Kansas, was called on to mourn the death of Rev. Henry R. Vollmar, pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church of that city, and formerly pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Columbus, in this county. He was favorably and well known throughout the South Kansas Conference and
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in this field held a number of important charges, building churches in different places and, in all, rejuvenating the spiritual life of the member- ship. In these communities are many noble men and women, whose lives now stand as fitting monuments to the earnest efforts of this godly man.
Rev. Mr. Vollmar was a German by birth, and was born November 4, 1855, in Rhenish Bavaria, Germany. When eight years of age, together with his parents and their family, he came to America, where settlement was first made on a farm in Fulton County, Illinois. Later they removed to Corydon, Iowa, where they continued to live for a time. Of delicate health in his earlier childhood, Henry R. Voll- mar became robust after his removal to Iowa. As a youth, however, an attack of measles un- settled his health, and for two years he had a struggle for existence. As a last resort, in com- pany with friends, he made an overland journey to Kansas. This proved beneficial, and he soon recovered his wonted vigor, and, entering the State Normal School at Emporia, pursued a course of study for a period. Again his health failed. This time he recuperated in the Rocky Mountain region, and after two years returned to Iowa, where he became an inmate of the home of his brother Philip, then a minister at <i;.:den Grove. On this brother's advice he entered the academy there and amid these Christian influences developed a state of mind thru made clear his call to the ministry. He thereafter directed his study to preparation for his life work, manifesting great talent as a pub- lic speaker, and in 1883 he was licensed, and ■entered upon active work in the South Kansas ' "erence. To go into details concerning the effective soul-winning efforts of this man of God, during his nil too short lifetime, would be hut the repetition of the story of successful revival work and church building, as he took up the work in ench charge in turn. Thc?e
physical monuments remain, — at Cecil, his first charge, three churches ; a parsonage at Alta- mont; a needed addition to the church at Co- lumbus; a fine parsonage at Williamsburg, and a church at the nearby town of Agricola. But !iis enduring monument, and one which shall stand in the judgment witnessing to his splen- did work while in the flesh, is found in the lives of the men and women made more full and complete and Godlike by the magnetic influence which was a part of his spiritual nature. He held many successful revivals, and at Colum- bus, alone, brought 150 souls into the Kingdam. His charges, in turn, were Cecil, Altamont, Hallowell, Columbus and Williamsburg.
But death "loves a shining mark." The end came all too soon, in all human prescience, to this gifted man. Having rebuilt a parson- age at Williamsburg, he was just entering upon the work of building another church, when he underwent a surgical operation from which he never recovered, dying the afternoon of the same day. Thus ended a beautiful life on earth, to unfold with brighter lustre in the life to come! Truly can it be said of him, — "While he is dead, yet he speaketh." His last audible expressions were a message to his brother Philip, and a prayer to his Master — "Tell Philip it is well with my soul!" "Oh. I want to go! Come, Lord Jesus, take me!"
Interment was at the old home in Corydon, Iowa, where an aged mother, a brother and four sisters survived him. The funeral services ;>.t 1Villiamsburg were conducted by Presiding Elder S. S. Martin, assisted by Revs. J. D. Smith, of Waverly, and M. S. Rice and C. S. Nusbaum, of Ottawa, and participated in by a large concourse of mourning friends.
Rev. Mr. Vollmar is survived by a widow and two daughters. — Pauline and Avis, — his eldest daughter, Fra, having died in September, 1901; the family now resides in Columbus. Mrs. Vollmar, nee Angelia Bishop, was the
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daughter of Alexander and Almira (Elliott) Bishop, natives of Ohio, who removed to Post- ville, Iowa, where Mrs. Vollmar was born; thence the family located on a farm in Labette County, Kansas, in 1869. Mr. Bishop was an active and useful citizen of that county for many years, and there Mrs. Bishop died, in 1887. In 1892 Mr. Bishop went to Oklahoma, where he died in 1897. from injuries received in a cyclone at Chandler. Mrs. Vollmar is a graduate of the State Normal School at Em- poria. She taught successfully for several years, and at the time of her marriage was first principal of the Oswego schools. Her marriage to Rev. Mr. Vollmar took place at the home of her parents, while Mr. Vollmar was sta- tioned at Cecil, Kansas. She is a woman of much strength of character and during the life of her husband was a splendid helper in his religious work, a field in which she is still a valued and earnest worker. Of fine executive ability, she manages the three farms of which she is possessed, near Columbus, with ease and profit, leasing two and personally supervising a third.
A portrait of Rev. Henry R. Vollmar ac- companies this sketch, being presented on a preceding page.
SCAR H. BENNETT. One of that solid class of citizens that Cherokee County is so fortunate in possessing is Oscar H. Bennett, a farmer resid- ing in section 25, township 32, range 25. in Pleasant View township. He claims Vermont as the State of his birth, which occurred in 1852. He is a son of Col. Oren and Harriet ( Merrell) Bennett.
Col. Oren Bennett was born in Vermont in 1825. He was a millwright and engineer, and followed these trades about 15 years. A man
of intensely patriotic mold, he, at the breaking out of the Civil War, was active in the organi- zation of Union forces. In 1862 he became colonel of the 22d Reg., Missouri Vol. Cav. For three years and seven months he led his regiment, participating in many battles, in one of which he was wounded by a shell, which alsc killed his horse.
After the war, Colonel Bennett resumed work at his trades at his former home, and in 1866 moved to Jackson County, Kansas, mak- ing the trip from Iowa in a large wagon, in company with his wife, and four children, — Oscar, Flora, Alice and Jim. In 1867 the fam- ily came to Cherokee County, where they have since lived. The father now lives on an 80- acre farm in Pleasant View township ; the mother died in 1903, aged 74 years.
To these parents 10 children were born, of whom Oscar H. is the eldest. Seven are living, as follows : Oscar H. ; Flora Jane, born in Vermont, who married James Biggs, of Miami County, Kansas, and has four children, — Clara. Ralph, Lizzie and Flossie; Alice, born in Mis- souri, who married Joseph Hayes, and is living in Idaho ; James Hite, born in Iowa, who mar- ried Emma Ward, and has eight children, — Hattie, Henry, Lizzie, Freddie, Carl, Ada, Er- nest and May; Fred E., born in Kansas, who married Jessie Williams, lives in Cherokee County, and has four children, — Harry, Frank, Earl and Charles; Edith, born in Kansas, who married Frank Sweany, of Cherokee County, and has five children, — Raymond, Grace, Wal- ter, Blanche and Irene; and Jesse M., born in Kansas, who married Jessie Newton, resides in Cherokee County, and has one child. — Laura.
Oscar H. Bennett was married in 1879, in Cherokee County, Kansas, to Sarah McNier, nee Swinney, a native of Iowa, and a daughter of Delaney and Elizabeth (Webb) Swinney. Her father, a native of the Keystone State, was
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
born in 1828, and died in Kansas in 1882. Mrs. Swinney was born in the Hoosier State in 1830, and is now living in Oklahoma. Mrs. Bennett is one of 14 children, of whom eight are now living, as follows: John W., Sarah (our subject's wife), Malinda, Nancy, Riley, Sinah, Alvaretta, and Fanny. John \V. was born in Iowa. His first wife was Tillie McCaf- fery, who was the mother of Thomas, Lane, Isaac, May, Aul, Pearl, Arthur and Lee. His second wife was Belle Downes, who has one child, — Ora. Malinda was born in Iowa, mar- ried James Bear, and is living in Oklahoma. Nancy was born in Iowa, married Zach. Sears, and resides in Kansas; they have these chil- dren,— Walter, Calvin, Oscar, Emma, Laura, Roy, Jessie and Annie. Riley was born in Iowa. Sinah, born in Iowa, married William Hearn, and resides in Kansas; they have three children, — Leona, Hattie and Merle. Alva- retta, born in Kansas, married John Maline, and lives in Oklahoma. Fanny, born in Kan- sas, married Frank Prudom, and lives in Okla- homa.
Mr. and Mrs. Bennett have had eight chil- dren, all born in Cherokee County, namely : Mattie (Mrs. James Gilbert), who has one child, — Roy; Etta (Airs. William Weaver), <>f Missouri, who has five children, — Lottie, Ray, Albert, Fay and Leola; Flora (Mrs. Bry- ant Lively), of Arkansas; James; Ninnie; Bes- sie ; Clara; and Johnnie R., who died at the age of 18 months.
The parents of Mr. and Mrs. Bennett were the first to put up houses in Pleasant View township. At that time there was nothing to be seen but prairie, and wild animals, deer, prai- rie chickens and quail. There was no roads of any kind except the old "Military Road." Here the subject of this sketch and his father fol- lowed hunting for a living during 14 years. They made many successful expeditions after quail and prairie chickens, and shipped them to
the Eastern markets of St. Louis, Chicago and New York.
Oscar H. Bennett is a Populist in politics, and has held office as township assessor for two years ; as constable, for the same period ; and as justice of the peace for four years. As a mem- ber of the School Board no one has ever been found who was deemed so capable, in every- way, as the length of his term testifies; for he has served as clerk of the board for 25 years. He is a member of the A. H. T. A. He and his family are leading factors in the social life of the community, where they have so long re- sided, and where they are most highly regarded.
I ACOB K. JONES. Among the earlier settlers of Kansas, we find the name of Jacob K. Jones, a former well known citizen of Cherokee County. A native of Tennessee, he was born April 18, 1829. His death occurred August 15, 1899. on his farm at Badger mines where he had lived for many years.
Mr. Jones belonged to the good, old South- ern family of Jones, so well known in Tennes- see. His parents, William B. and Nancy Jones, were born and reared in the vicinity in which they passed their lives. The father was born August 25, 1790, and the mother, February 29, 1792. In the old home were born eight chil- dren as follows: Solomon H., born April 16. 1813; Mary B., born August 6, 1S15; Henry D., born November 21. 181 7; Margaret Ann. born November 29. 18 19, who still lives in Tennessee; Catherine K., born February 22, 1822; John F., born April 1, 1824; Elizabeth E., born August 29, 1826; and Jacob K. The father died September 9, 1837, and the mother's death occurred on March 16, 1843.
Jacob K. Jones received an unusually good schooling for the time in which he lived. The death of his parents occurred when he was
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quite young, he became apprenticed to a brick- mason. After learning the trade, he followed it as an occupation until he located in Missouri, shortly before the Civil War. In 1862 he gave up his home in Missouri, to find a better one in the West, and choosing Kansas as a good place to locate, he took up a homestead where the Badger mines were afterwards opened. After farming on this place for 10 years he moved to Brownville, Nebraska, where he spent another 10 years on a farm.
Mr. Jones was married September 1, 1850, to Sarah J. Bayless, who was born April 23, 1832. Her death occurred at Brownville, Ne- braska, November 25, 1883. There were 10 children of this marriage, those who lived to maturity being as follows: William F., born July 7, 1851 ; John B., born January 7, 1853; Nancy E., born January 1, 1855; James R., born February 4, 1859; Wyatt B., born Sep- tember 9, 1861 ; M. S. I., born November 20, 1864; Laura J., torn November 17, 1866; and Jacob K., Jr., born July 24, 1870. Two died in childhood.
On July 3. 1884, the subject of this sketch married Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Meeks, a daugh- ter of R. A. Robinson, of Independence, Mis- souri. She was born August 5, 1852. coming from the old Kentucky family of Robinson. Her children by a former marriage are, — Laura Belle, born February 15, 1874, now Mrs. An- drew Tolliver, of Pittsburg, Kansas; Charles W., born December 3, 1875, living at the Bad- ger mines; and Nettie May, wife of David M. Haynes, of the Badger mines. The children of her marriage to Mr. Jones are: Solomon Le- Roy, born May 15, 1885; Ethel B., born Au- gust 16, 1887; Fred B., born September 19, 1889; and Henry Arthur, born November 7, 1 891.
Mr. Jones was a Democrat, and stood for the principles of the party at all times. Fra- ternally, he affiliated with the I. O. O. F. and
the A. F. & A. M. In his church relations, he was a consistent Baptist. Of Southern birth, Mr. Jones possessed all the good qualities of a Southern gentleman, and his kindness of heart and uprightness of character made for him many friends. His generosity and open hospi- tality, natural traits of the Southerner, made all feel welcome who came within his gates.
On July 3, 1900, Mrs. Jones married George B. Rollins, a native of Brooklyn, New York, who was born January 7, 1865. His mother died when he was 13 years of age, and he went to Iowa, where he was employed on a farm for three years. Later, having learned the carpenter's trade, he worked at it in various places until his marriage.
Mrs. Rollins is a consistent member of the Christian Church. She still lives on the farm, and with her husband manages the work on the place. The land produces all the small grains, and large numbers of cattle and Poland China hogfs are raised on it for the market.
ILLIAM M. BENSON, who was a prominent farmer of Crawford township and one of the early set- tlers of Cherokee County, coming here in 1876, died August 17, 1904. He was born in Warren County. Indiana, near the Wa- bash River, on September 20, 1830, and was a son of Samuel and Martha (Martindale) Ben- son, a grandson of James Benson and a great- grandson of James Benson.
James Benson, our subject's great-grand- father, was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, and shipped to America, at the age of 18 years, subject to indenture for his passage money of $30. This resulted in his working for six years for a Philadelphia weaver, who was a just man and took the young Irish lad into his family as one of his own, winning the youth's lifelong
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
devotion. Prior to the Revolutionary War, lie went to South Carolina, where he secured a title to 400 acres of land in Union County, and resided upon it until his death in 1790.
His son, James Benson, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born in Union Coun- ty, South Carolina, and in 1810 removed with his family to Warren County, Indiana, where he resided on a farm until his death.
On the maternal side, William M. Benson's great-grandfather was a native of Sweden, an expert weaver, who was employed in London and later settled in County Tyrone, Ireland. The genealogy can be traced traditionally back to the days of Holy Writ, even to the tribe oi Benjamin.
Samuel Benson, the father of our subject, was born December 15, 1800, in Union County, South Carolina, and died on his 66th birthday. December 15, 1866. His wife was born in 1805 in Greene County, Ohio, of South Caro- lina parentage. The subject of this sketch was the only son of the family that reached matur- turity.
William M. Benson was reared in Warren County, Indiana, and was afforded excellent educational opportunities. He took a three- years collegiate course at what is now De Pauw University. His cousin, H. C. Benson, was one of the first graduates of this institution and later 1«came a member of its faculty as professor of Greek. For about 25 years Mr. Benson then made teaching his profession, mainly in War- ren County, his last experience in this line being in the winter of 1877-78. In 1876 he purchased a claim in the northwest quarter of section io. Crawford township, Cherokee County, Kansas, and secured the deed from the railroad company in 1877. He built a house on his land and then returned to Indiana for his family, bringing them to their new home on March 15, 1878. This home was burned in the following year, while he and his wife were vis-
iting in Indiana. Upon his return, he built another house, which is one of the most attract- ive in the township. With wise forethought, he brought with him from the old home a num- ber of cedar tree slips, which he disposed about his residence. They took kindly to the genial climate and fertile soil and have much more than repaid, in their growth, symmetry and beauty, all the care Mr. Benson ever bestowed upon them. The place has now a beautiful grove of more than 500 pines and cedars, which apart from their value were, during his life, constant reminders of the days of his boyhood and young manhood, and brought back many tender recollections of those who had passed away.
Mr. Benson owned large bodies of land in Cherokee County, at one time an aggregate of 600 acres, but retained at the time of his death only 220 acres, located in sections 3 and 10. Crawford township. This property, known as "Evergreen Bower Farm," he devoted to gen- eral farming and spared neither labor nor ex- pense in placing it under a high state of culti- vation, and making permanent improvements.
Mr. Benson was first married, in Indiana, to Prudence M. Slauter, who was born in War- ren County, Indiana, and was a daughter of one of the early settlers of that county, who came there from the State of New York. Mrs. Benson died in 1884. aged almost 48 years, leaving a family of six children, viz : Martha Marinda, who married J. H. Clawson, resided for a time in Warren County and then moved to the Indian Territory, where she died in 1900: Cynthia Ann, who maried Robert Radley, in Kansas, and died in Cherokee County in 1896; Samuel I. (unmarried), his father's successor on the farm; William Willard. who married Emma Allen, and resides near Shawnee, Okla- homan ; Rose Lee, who married William Cline, and resides in Oklahoma ; and Theodoshia, who resides at home.
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In 1885, Mr. Benson was united in marriage with Margaret Ann Fagan, of Cherokee Coun- ty, who was born in Andrew County, Missouri, June 12, 1864. Mrs. Benson is a daughter of George and Margaret (Waterson) Fagan, the latter of whom was born on the Isle of Man. Mrs. Benson's father was born in County Kil- larney, Ireland. He came to America in 1850, and still resides in Cherokee County, where her brother, Thomas W. Fagan, and a half brother and sister also reside. Hon. Henry Watterson, the great Democratic editor of Louisville, Ken- tucky, probably came from the same family branch as did the mother of Mrs. Benson. Mr. and Mrs. Benson had five children, namely : Tressie Treene, aged 17 years; George W., aged 14 years; Marguerite Christine, aged 10 years ; Lucy May, aged five years ; and Clara June, aged one year.
In religious views, Mr. Benson was a mem- ber of the First-Day Adventist Church. He was a liberal supporter of church work, and not only contributed the site, but also paid about $600 toward the expense of erecting Beth- any Methodist Episcopal Church, which is lo- cated in section 10, Crawford township. Polit- ically, he was reared a Jacksonian Democrat and was practically one of that party's suppor- ters, although he did not favor a departure in any way from its sound old principles. His first vote was cast for a candidate of the Know Nothing party.
Mr. Benson most acceptably filled many of the township offices, and always took a deep interest in educational matters, his long ex- perience as a teacher making him particu- larly well qualified to judge of the efficiency of school methods. For a number of years he was active in the Masonic and Odd Fellow fra- ternities, but was not affiliated with the local lodges, never having taken his demit from In- diana.
The mortal remains of Mr. Benson were
interred in Bethany cemetery, which is locat.ed near the Benson homestead, Rev. Mr. Stone, of the United Brethren Church officiating.
OSEPH H. GALPINE, one of the prosperous farmers of Cherokee County, residing on his well-improved farm of 200 acres in section 24, town- ship 32, range 25, in Pleasant View township, was born in 1864 in Iowa, and is a son of Rob- ert J. and Mary (Hawkins) Galpine.
Robert J. Galpine was born in 1819 in Eng- land, and was a son of James and Mary Jane (Mackie) Galpine, neither of whom ever came to America. Robert J. Galpine came to the United States in 1858, and located first at St. Louis, where he followed his trade of cabinet- making. Then he settled in Farmington, in the southeastern part of Missouri. Thence he moved to Waterloo, Iowa, where he resided for a time, going from there to Fort Scott, Kansas.
In 1866 he moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, and secured the farm now owned by his son Joseph H. in Pleasant View township. At that time it was entirely unimproved and he was one of the pioneer settlers. This land he put under cultivation, converting- it from the raw prairie into one of the most productive farms of the locality. Here his death occurred in 1889. In England he married Mary Hawkins, who survived him until 1900, dying at her daughter's home in Smithfield, Missouri. Their family consisted of four sons and one daughter, the two survivors being the subject of this sketch and his sister, Mrs. Jane Smith. The latter was born in England. She married, first, Thomas Noble, and had one child, — Nellie. She is now the widow of David Smith, who- le ft one son, Robert.
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Joseph M. Galpine is the only member of liis parents' family who was born in America. The only surviving son, he inherited a part of the farm which his father secured and cleared, nnd which he has continued to improve until the present time.
In 1892 Mr. Galpine was married to Anna 1 louston, who was born in Moultrie County, Illinois. They have two sons and two daugh- ters, viz : Grace, Nellie, Henry and Justice. Mrs. Galpine is a daughter of Caleb and Au- gusta (Justice) Houston, natives of Kentucky and Ohio, respectively. They came to Chero- kee County, Kansas, in 1876, from Illinois. Mr. Houston died in 1887, aged 64 years. Mrs. Houston only survived her arrival here until March. 1877. She left six children, viz: Wil- liam, Carrie (Wales), Anna, Jacob A., Otis and Arrie.
In politics, Mr. Galpine is a Populist. He is one of the progressive and enterprising men of this section, keeps fully abreast of the times, and is a representative member of one of the oldest pioneer families of this township.
ILLIAM H. SHAFFER, county clerk of Cherokee County, was born in Cherokee County, July 16, 1870, and is a son of David and Margaret (Helms) Shaffer.
David Shaffer was born in Germany in 1846. and was six years old when he accom- panied his parents to America. They located in Wayne County, and later in Randolph Coun- ty. Indiana, where David grew to manhood and married Margaret Helms, of Wayne Coun- ty. She died in Crawford County, Kansas, in 1894, at the age of 42 years. They had seven sons and one daughter, all of whom still sur- vive except one, George, who was accidentally killed by a street car in Pittsburg, Kansas. All wire born in Cherokee County, and those liv-
ing are: William H. ; Robert R., who lives on the old homestead in Ross township, Cherokee County: Nelson, who is a farmer near Mon- mouth, Kansas ; Charles and Carl, who are far- mers in Crawford County; Jesse, who is a res- ident of Crawford County: and Eva, who is the wife of Burt Gordon, also of Crawford County.
David Shaffer and his wife came to Chero- kee County May 10, 1870, locating in Ross township, where the former filed a claim on 160 acres of land. It was subsequently contested, but he finally acquired his title and made the place his home until March, 1892. Then he removed from Cherokee to Crawford County, where he bought a farm, and is now engaged in raising Percheron horses.
William H. Shaffer was reared in Cherokee County and attended the district schools. His early training made him a good farmer and judicious stock-raiser, and for about four years he raised Percheron horses very successfully.
In December, 1891, in Cherokee County, Mr. Shaffer married Anna Heinrichsmeier, who was born in Illinois, and is a daughter of Frederick Heinrichsmeier, who came to Chero- kee County in 1871, and located in Ross town- ship with his family. Mrs. Shaffer's father died in 1885. and her mother, in March, 1902. Mr. and Mrs. Shaffer have four children : Elsie, Ralph, Dee and an infant daughter. Their pleasant home is in Ross township, with- in four miles of Columbus.
Politically, Mr. Shaffer is an active member of the Populist party, and was elected to his present office on the Fusion ticket. Fraternally, he belongs to the Masonic Blue Lodge at Co- lumbus, the Anti-Horse Thief Association and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of Co- lumbus. His religious views are liberal, al- though his and his wife's people have been leaders in the Lutheran Church for genera- tions.
JEREMIAH LUCKEY
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EREMIAH LUCKEY. Not to know "Jerry" Luckey, as he is familiarly called, is to argue oneself unknown in Cherokee County. Coming to the county when all "trails," — for it was before the day of roads, — led to Cherokee Center, the pio- neer name of the now thriving county-seat town of Columbus, Mr. Luckey has been a prominent factor in each advancing stage of the county's progress. The character of the business fol- lowed by him during his residence in the county is responsible for his being so universally known, as he has operated a threshing machine during each recurring season, for the past 30 years. He is a farmer residing on the south- east quarter of section 1, Salamanca township, where he located in the fall of 1867. Mr. Luckey came to the State from Ohio, where he was born in Athens County, October 15, 1842.
To look upon the splendid farms of Chero- kee County, one can scarcely conceive of the wild scene which presented itself to the eye of Mr. Luckey as his "prairie schooner" reached the confines of the county in the fall of 1867. Stopping at Pleasant View, to inquire the way to Cherokee Center, the schooner was headed for that point, which then was marked by a single log house, standing on the north side of what is now the public square. Mr. Luckey was accompanied by his wife and a cousin, Samuel Wilson. After prospecting in different parts of the county, Mr. Luckey located on the quarter which has since been his residence, though he sold the north 80 acres at a later date. This spot was but virgin soil at that time, with deer, wolves and prairie chickens in abund- ance for game. Many provisions and other articles were obtained, at quite a distance from here, at Missouri points.
With the characteristic energy of the early pioneer, Mr. Luckey began his "battle for a home.'' and none can relate with greater vivid-
ness and truthfulness the privations endured, and the many shifts necessary, in order to bring order out of chaos. Mr. Luckey was the pio- neer thresher of the county, a portion of the time in partnership , but for the most part alone. In this business his known honesty and great energy have made him successful, as also in the management of his farm. In the great devel- opment which has taken place in the coal indus- try of Southeastern Kansas, Mr. Luckey bears the unique distinction of being the first to dis- cover that mineral in the county. The place was in the Stillson coal field in Mineral town- ship, near Scammon, he being at the time ac- companied by Mr. Wilson. Until arrangements were made for mining the field, Mr. Luckey supplied himself with coal at the simple expense of getting it out.
Jeremiah Luckey is the eldest of six chil- dren born to Joshua and Margaret (Means) Luckey. His mother was born in Pennsyl- vania, December 14, 1823. She is a devout member of the Church of God, and is a resident of Washington County, Iowa. Joshua Luckey was born in Athens County, Ohio, January 17, 1 81 7. He was the son of James Luckey, a native of Pennsylvania. He was an early pio- neer in Athens County. There he followed farming until 1850, when he settled in Louisa County, Iowa. His death occurred there July 9. 1903. All the children of these par- nets are living. Besides Jeremiah, there are — Mary Jane (Fisher), a widow re- siding in Waverly, Coffey County, Kan- sas; James M., a farmer residing in Neosho County, Kansas, who has served one term as county surveyor of that county; Joseph C, a farmer in Washington County, Iowa, who also operates a thresher; Sarah E. (McGuire), re- siding in Louisa County, Iowa, on the old home farm; and William, a carriage-maker by trade, now located at Grinnell, Iowa.
Mr. Luckey was reared in Louisa County,
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Iowa, and was still in his teens when the tocsin of war resounded throughout the land. In the fall of 1862, he enlisted as a private in Com- pany F, 25th Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., and was mustered out in Washington, June 7, 1865. He saw service in the 15th Army Corps under Gen. John A. Logan and was with Sherman in his "March to the Sea." Although in many tight places and with bullet holes in various parts of his clothing, Air. Luckey bore the charm of his name and came through without injury.
Returning from the war, Mr. Luckey estab- lished a home of his own, bringing to preside over it the lady who still bears him company, whose maiden name was Mary T. Green. She was born in Monroe County, Tennessee, in 1845, and removed to Iowa with her parents in 1850. Mr. and Mrs. Luckey have had 11 children, all born on the old homestead, except the eldest, Harvey E., who was born in Iowa. The family record is as follows : Harvey E., Anthony W., William M., Ai, Faith, Nora, Roy, Ada, Edward, Adda and Emma. Harvey E. died in infancy. Faith, born November 29, 1876, and Nora, born July 11, 1881, are de- ceased. Anthony W., of Pittsburg, Kansas, born April 15, 1868, is engaged at work in the coal banks, and is married. William M., born Marcli 1, 1870, is located in Washington County, Iowa, and is married. Ai, born Octo- ber 5, 1873, is running an engine at the powder works of the Joplin-Rand Powder Company, and has been with the works for six years, as engineer. He married Lizzie Steinbrook, of the home county, and has two children, — Law- rence and Bertha, also born here. Roy, born February 12, 1879, lives at home and runs the engine to the threshing rig. Ada, born February 28, 1884, and Edward, born Septem- ber 4, 1886, live at home. Adda and Emma ( twins) died in infancy.
Mr. Luckey, as has been intimated, has al- ways !>een a man of influence in affairs, serv-
ing as road overseer and in other official posi- tions at different times. His political princi- ples are emlxxlied in the platform of the Re- form party. He affiliates with the I. O. O. F., of Columbus, and has a warm place in his heart for the G. A. R.
No man stands higher in the estimation of the citizens of Cherokee County, and as he looks out over the broad expanse dotted with well tilled farms and happy homes, Mr. Luckey is justified in feeling a pardonable pride in the part which, under Providence, he has played. His portrait accompanies this sketch.
HOMAS R. DUNCAN, one of the pioneer settlers of Cherokee County, a substantial and representative far- mer of Lyon township, owns 160 acres of highly cultivated land, — the northeast quarter of section 27, township 34. range 2^. He was born at Martinsville, Indiana, Febru- ary 10, 1839, and is a son of William and Amanda M. (Hutsel) Duncan.
Robert Duncan, the grandfather of Thomas R., was born in Scotland and accompanied his two brothers to America, all probably settling in the State of New York. There William Duncan was born and learned the cabinet-mak- ing trade before going to Indiana. Failing health caused him to remove in 1856 to Illinois where his sons could engage in farming. He took part in the Black Hawk War. In early days he was a Whig, but afterwards voted for Stephen A. Douglas and was subsequently identified with the Republican party. He died in Illinois, in 1879, at tne a&e °f 72 years. His wife was born September 20, 1815, near Lex- ington, Kentucky, and died at Martinsville, In- diana, November 22, 1847, when Thomas R. was not quite nine years old. Their children were: Thomas R.. who weighed but two and a
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half pounds at birth; Peter, a farmer of Min- eral Spring. Missouri, who belonged to Com- pany H, 27th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., in the Civil War : Giles, who belonged to Company D, 81st Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., and died in the service in February. 1863; and Jesse H., who resides near Murphysboro, Illinois. The father married three times, and three children of each union still survive.
Thomas R. Duncan was 17 years of age when his parents moved to Jackson Count)-. Illinois, and he was engaged in farming there from 1856 to 1862, when he enlisted on Au- gust 1 2th, in Company D, 81st Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., under Captain Ward and Col. James J. Dollins. He took part in many severe bat- tles, and endured much hardship. He partic- ipated in the battle at Thompson Hill, May 1, 1863; at Raymond, Mississippi, May 12. 1863; at Jackson, Mississippi, May 14; at Champion Hill ; Brownsville ; Spanish Fort ; in the Red River expedition ; and in the three battles at Vicksburg, and the skirmishing all about this region. When serving with the ambulance train at Spanish Fort, he spent a whole night in hauling away the wounded. Mr. Duncan was captured with 700 of his comrades and was confined in Andersonville Prison for two and a half months, at Savannah for one month, and at another point, for a month and a half, and was then paroled. He reached Annapolis. Maryland, in a condition resembling a museum skeleton, and was still too weak for service when he reported for duty, after a furlough of 30 days. He was determined, however, to re- join his regiment, which he did, at Eastport. Mississippi, in January, 1865, after an una- voidable absence of six months. Shortly after- wards he was honorably discharged and now receives a pension of $6 a month. After the review and grand encampment at Columbus, Ohio, he returned to Illinois, in 1865.
In the spring of 1869, Mr. Duncan started
for Kansas, with his wife, two children and his brother. Each of the brothers took up [60 acres of "Joy" land, but the subject of this sketch did not possess enough capital to imme- diately build even a log house, and all lived to- gether in the brother's log cabin, 12 by 14 feet in dimensions, for the first four years. They had brought three horses with them, but neither of the brothers had much money, and during the first winter they endured many hardships. For a long time their diet consisted entirely of corn bread and molasses, excellent warming food, but rather palling as a steady diet f< >r months with nothing else. The brothers broke up the sod for corn and had to pay $1.50 per bushel for seed corn. During the second year, however, Mr. Duncan raised 100 bushels of wheat, and had plenty of vegetables and mel- ons. In recalling those days, Mr. Duncan re- members one delightful episode and that was the Christmas dinner to which the family was invited by neighbors in better circumstances. He remembers it as it had to serve as the only satisfactory meal of that gloomy winter. It was four years before he felt able to build a home of his own. and this has been several times replaced. The present one, situated in the midst of a beautiful maple grove, the seeds of which he planted himself, and flanked by a productive apple orchard, is one of exceeding comfort. The telephone inside and the rural mail carrier at his door sufficiently connect him with neighbors, friends and business associa- ates, and mark very plainly the difference be- tween life in Cherokee County in 1869 and in 1904. Mr. Duncan's farm is well watered, and all of it can be made to produce grains and grasses, and feed stock and cattle.
Mr. Duncan has always been identified with the Republican party since the Douglas cam- paign, and he has frequently served as a dele- gate to the various conventions. In religious belief, he is a Missionary Baptist, and has been
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
very liberal in his support of this religious body. During the erection of the new house of worship in Lyon township, in the past year, he contributed 18 clays' work and $100.
On October 22, 1866, Mr. Duncan was mar- ried to Sarah A. McClure, who was born in Jackson County, Illinois, August 5, 1840, and is a daughter of John A. and Clarinda (Nace) McClure. Mrs. Duncan's father was born in Ohio, and her mother in Pennsylvania. The children of this marriage were as follows : Clarinda, wife of Allen Jarrett, who has two sons, — Robert and Estel ; Maria, who died aged two years; John A., of Columbus, who has four children; Edward H., of Lyon town- ship, who has three children; Kate, wife of Robert Rogers, of West Mineral, who has one child; Laura, wife of James A. Sizemore, of Lyon township, who has five children ; Dora, wife of Frederick Divens, of Washington; and Jarretta, wife of Jesse Roper, of Lyon town- ship, who has one child.
With tireless hands the subject of this sketch and his noble wife worked to insure for their children the comforts which have been theirs for many years. Mr. Duncan is well known throughout this section, and is a valued member of the local Grand Army post. His life has been one of more than usual hardship, during its earlier part, and he well deserves his recompense of material comforts, and the gen- eral esteem in which he is held by his fellow
citizens.
« ■ »
RCHIBALD HOOD, deceased, fa- miliarly known through Cherokee County as "Archie" Hood, was one of the early business men of Colum- bus, and fur many years was almost the only implement dealer in the county. Mr. Hood was born near Oakdale, Washington County. Illinois, and died at Columbus, July 17. 1903.
Mr. Hood lost his mother when but eight years of age, and his father died when he was about 19 years old. His elementary training was received in the public schools of Illinois, and his literary culture at Fayetteville Acad- emy, Pennsylvania, where he was engaged in study at the outbreak of the Civil War. The State quota from Illinois being full, he enlisted in Company F, 10th Reg., Missouri Vol. Inf., in which he served three years, and was dis- charged in September, 1864.
After the war, Mr. Hood located in Ne- braska, but subsequently returned to Illinois, where he was engaged in mercantile pursuits until 1868; he then came to Columbus, set- tling in this city in 1870. Here he carried on a brokerage concern until 1873, and then founded the implement firm with which his name has been honorably identified for so many years. His connection with this business was only ter- minated by his death, although for about two years prior to his decease he had been almost continuously confined to his bed.
In 1873, Mr. Hood married Mary Wilson, who was born in Chester County. Pennsylva- nia. They had six children, as follows : Edgar C, president of the A. Hood Implement Com- pany; Grace, wife of J. C. Forkner, now of Long Beach, California; Wilson K., who died February 19, 1904, being at that time vice- president of the implement company; George W., vice-president of the company; Bessie, liv- ing at home; and Harry C, who is at school.
Mr. Hood was a member of John A. Dix post. No. 54, Grand Army of the Republic. He had a large personal acquaintance in the county, and for many years his business house was a favorite stopping place for old settlers and neighboring farmers. He was a man of quick sympathy and never failing courtesy, and no matter how much the cares of his private business pressed him. he always found time to listen to the troubles of others, and to seek some
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way to adjust them. His advice was sought and followed, and his friendship desired and valued. Perhaps he was better known than almost any other private citizen in Cherokee County, and surely among them all could be found no enemy. Although left without the ministrations of a mother, in childhood, and de- prived of the counsel of his father before he reached his majority, he steered his life course safely, and left an honorable name as a heritage to his family. He was a man of cultivated tastes, understood art and literature, and never was too much absorbed in business to find time for reading good books, or for the enjoyment of conversation concerning matters outside the general run of purely business affairs.
Mr. Hood is survived by his widow and five children, by one brother, J. K. Hood, of Delhi, New York, and by friends innumerable. At the time of his funeral, every business house in Columbus was closed, and the throng as- sembled to pay respect to his memory, was augmented by men from all over the county. His death left a vacancy in the ranks of the exemplary, useful and high minded citizens, who have done so much toward the upbuilding .of Columbus.
EESE CADWALADER, deceased, was one of the early settlers of Cher- okee County. His birth took place in Ohio on September 16, 1816, and he was a son of John and Ruth (Bogue) Cad- walader.
John Cadwalader was a native of Pennsyl- vania. In early manhood he moved to Ohio, settling among the other pioneers. In 1826 he removed to Illinois, where the remainder of his life was passed. He and his wife belonged to the Society of Friends.
The late Reese Cadwalader was reared on his father's farm and continued to live in Illi-
nois until 185 1, when he moved to Iowa, and in 1867 to Cherokee County, Kansas. In Illi- nois he had owned and operated a flouring mill, but he devoted himself to farming both in Iowa and in Kansas. In Cherokee County he bought the southwest quarter of section 27, township 31, range 25, in Pleasant View town- ship, which he improved and converted into one of the best farms in the eastern part of the county. In a material sense, Mr. Cadwalader was a very successful man,— one whose energy and industry were rewarded with ample re- turns. He was, also, a man of integrity and of public spirit, and in all the neighborhoods in which he lived he was chosen to fill responsible offices. He served as a justice of the peace in Pennsylvania, Illinois and Kansas, a position for which he was eminently qualified on ac- count of his sterling traits of character. At Vermont, Illinois, he joined the Masonic order, and always lived up to the principles taught by that fraternity. Few men of his day were more pronounced in their advocacy of temperance, and by example and precept he exerted a wide influence. He died September 20, 1880.
On December 29, 1841, occurred our sub- ject's marriage with Rhoda K. Easley, a daugh- ter of John and Nancy (Kinsey) Easley. The children of this union were as follows : Henry, of Mexico; Stephen, of Clear Creek County, Colorado ; John, of Williamson County, Texas ; Ruth, deceased, who was the wife of Wesley Ankrum; Kinsey, of Opolis, Kansas; Basco, who is living on the homestead; Abigail, wife of Frank Walker; and Angeline, wife of An- drew Vermillion, of Pittsburg. Kansas. This family has been reared in the Society of Friends.
John Easley, the father of Mrs. Cadwala- der, was born in Virignia, September 9, 1798. When he was 10 years of age, his parents moved to Harrison County, Ohio, where he grew to manhood. In 1830 he moved to Ful-
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ton County. Illinois, where he lived the remain- der of his life, and at death was laid to rest on his own land, the claim he took up when he first settled in the State. He married a daugh- ter of Richard Kinsey, and their children who grew to maturity were as follows : Mrs. Cad- walader; Jane and Rachel, now deceased; Sarah Ann, wife of Chalkley Robinson, of Illi- nois; Daniel, of Illinois; Phcebe, wife of John Fitzhenry, of the same State; Elizabeth, of Bellevue, Nebraska; John; and Louisa, wife of James Graham, of Bellevue, Nebraska.
Mrs. Cadwalader still resides on the farm to which she came, with her late husband, in 1867. She recalls many of the incidents of that early period, when the present smiling farms and sites of cities, in Cherokee County, were but miles of wilderness, with no promise of the wealth and comfort which brawny arms and active minds have brought forth. As the wife of a pioneer, she passed through the hard- ships incident to all early settlements. She is well known throughout the township, and is held in very high esteem.
EORGE W. CRUICKSHANK, post- master at Hallowell. Cherokee County, and the leading general merchant of the village, was born in Bunker Hill, Macoupin County. Illinois, July 1, 1864, and is a son of William and Mary (Hand) Cruickshank.
William Cruickshank was torn in Scotland. within seven miles of the city of Edinburgh, fter a long and useful life of 81 years died ai Bunker Hill, Illinois, in 1897. He migrated 1" America just prior to the outbreak of the Mexican War, and the services of the sturdy young Scotchman were gladly accepted by the recruiting officer at St. Louis, where he had located in hope of finding work at his trade of
tailor. That city was full of enthusiasm and excitement, the people taking more thought concerning military matters than of their every- day apparel, and Mr. Cruickshank found him- self not only welcomed into the army ranks but made one of the escort of Gen. Winfield Scott himself. He served with bravery all through the war. and received a pension for his services until his death. After the close of the Mexi- can War, he went to Colorado and the results of his four years of mining /there amounted to $7,000. With this capital he returned to Illi- nois and engaged at his trade, which he fol- loyed as long as health and increasing years permitted. He married Mary Hand, who was born not far from Windsor Castle, England, and died in 1887, at Bunker Hill, Illinois, aged 67 years. They had eight children, the subject of this sketch being the only son ; five of his sisters still survive.
Mr. Cruickshank remained at Bunker Hill, Illinois, until he was 20 years of age, complet- ing a common-school education in the village in 1883. He then spent two years on the Un- ion Pacific Railroad in Colorado, and first came to Cherokee County in 1885, where he was engaged for a short time in farming. After spending two more years in Colorado, he came to Hallowell, where he was engaged in the barber business for five years, and subsequently entered into general merchandising. He was appointed postmaster by the late President Mc- Kinley, and has been continued in the office, being a very staunch supporter of the admin- istration.
In 1892, Mr. Cruickshank was married to Florence Fee, who was born in Lewis County, Missouri, April 5, 1869, and they have four children, — Maria, Lola, Grace and Earl. Mrs. Cruickshank is a lady of accomplishments and education, having been a very successful teacher prior to her marriage. The family is socially prominent in the village.
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Politically Mr. Cruickshank, like his late father, has always heen a strong Republican, — one of the party workers. Fraternally he is an Odd Fellow and a Woodman, being active in both organizations. He is held in very high esteem in Lola township, both as an honorable business man, and as a capable official.
UKE HUGHES, one of the oldest set- tlers of Mineral township, Cherokee County, is the owner of a fine farm of 160 acres situated in section 9, town- ship 32, range 24. He was born in 1829 in Ire- land, and is a son of Michael and Fannie ( Stiles) Hughes.
The parents of Mr. Hughes came with their children to America in 1848. The mother died at the age of 52 years, but the father survived to the age of 90. They had 1 1 children, and five members of this vigorous family still live, namely: Luke, Mary, Ann, Jane and Mar- garet.
The subject of this sketch accompanied his parents to Pennsylvania, where he soon found employment in the Whitney iron foundry, and spent three years there, engaged in the manu- facture of car wheels. He then went to Wis- consin and worked at blacksmithing and foun- dry work for a time, after which he was em- ployed at his trade in St. Louis for about 10 years. Then he removed to Wyandotte, Kan- sas, and three years later worked on a new rail- road then being constructed from Olathe. Here he was employed until the line was completed, when he settled on his first farm, — the 160 acres on which his son Michael is located, and which the latter now owns as a gift from his father. In 1887 Mr. Hughes traded property for his present farm of 160 acres, and has re- sided upon it ever since.
In 1858, Mr. Hughes married Ann Cos-
tello. and they have had 1 1 children, the sur- vivors of the family being Fannie, Michael, Daniel, Joseph and Edward. James died De- cember 31, 1903. Considering the many dis- advantages under which Mr. Hughes labored during the earlier years of his children, and the unsettled state of the country, each received a good mental training and is well settled in life.
Few men are better qualified to relate the occurrences of the pioneer times in Mineral township than Mr. Hughes. Gifted with an excellent memory, and having been associated with so many of the township's early enter- prises, he can bring to the mind of the visitor very vivid scenes of the struggles, hardships and final accomplishments of those who first occupied these rolling prairies, after the Indian had been banished farther West.
RED D. NORTHRUP, M. D. The biographer is privileged to present here a brief record of the life of one of Galena's rising young physicians. In the short period of his residence here, he has established a reputation which is fast bringing to him a large and extensive practice. Dr. Northrup came to Galena in July, 1904, and purchased the practice of Dr. E. P. Howell, now of the Kansas City Homeopathic College. Dr. Northrup was born in New Jersey on February 8, 1875. He is the only son of Ben- jamin and Clarissa (Bale) Northrup, who are also natives of New Jersey. They there mar- ried and remained until 1879, when they re- moved to Kansas City, Kansas, where the father was employed at his trade of milling. This occupation he has followed ever since with the exception of a period of two years, during which he held the office of chief grain inspector under Governor Stanley. In the family there
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were four children, of whom the subject of this sketch is the eldest.
Dr. Northrup was carefully trained in the schools of Kansas City, and graduated from the Central High School in the class of 1895. He entered the State University of Kansas, in 1898, from which he took his degree of B. A. Upon leaving the institution he received an ap- pointment in the State grain department which he held for a period of two years, his appoint- ment being received from Governor Stanley. Dr. Northrup then concluded that the field of medicine would be more to his liking, and he matriculated at the Kansas City Homeopathic College. He pursued the course there for about three years, taking the degree of M. D. in the spring of 1904, and being house physi- cian the last year. He at once located in Ga- lena, where, as before stated, he bought the practice of Dr. Howell.
It is rather early to predict the future ca- reer of so young a physician, and yet the favor with which Dr. Northrup has been received, and the success which has met his efforts thus far, augur well for his ultimate standing.
OHN R. HEADLEY, an extensive land owner and prosperous farmer of Cher- okee County, lives at "Pleasant View Farm" in Neosho township, where he has a fine home and pleasant surroundings. He is one of the sturdy pioneers who came to this country at an early day, located on prairie land, and by dint of hard labor converted it into fertile fields. He has succeeded beyond the average, and is at the present time a man of prominence and influence in his community. Mr. Headley was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, July 17, 1838, and is a son of Amos and Experience (Lindley) Headley. His father lived for a time in Ohio and died in Pennsyl-
vania, while on a visit, at the age of 65 years ; at that time his home was in Tyler County, West Virginia. His wrife died in Greene Coun- ty, Pennsylvania, in 1S46. They had 12 chil- dren,— seven sons and five daughters.
John R. Headley was about a year old when taken by his parents to Greene County, Penn- sylvania, and nine years later he was taken by his father to Virginia, where they remained two years. Returning to Pennsylvania, he lived there until he was 25 years of age, farm- ing most of the time and working in a mill for one year. He then went to LaSalle County, Illinois, and farmed two years, after which he sold out and returned to Pennsylvania where he was married. He later returned to Illinois, and then went to Iowa, where he lived one year. He next went to Missouri and rented a farm located 18 miles from Lexington, which he cultivated for two years. In the fall of 1867, he drove a team through to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he has since lived continuously. He settled upon a tract of 160 acres, for which he paid $1,25 per acre. He built a log cabin, 14 by 16 feet, in dimensions, and for 10 years lived in it with his family. He had a small mule and pony team, but did not break any ground until the second season, going to Mis- souri for his feed. Baxter Springs was the nearest post office, and Kansas City the nearest railroad point. In making these trips he often encountered the Indians, with whom he traded considerably for many years. He adopted ap- proved methods of farming and, as his success became assured, enlarged his home farm to 400 acres, in addition to which he has four 80-acre tracts in various parts of the township. During the past five years he has been running a cheese factory at Melrose, an enterprise that is in a very flourishing condition.
In 1865, Mr. Headley was united in mar- riage with Mary Nuss, who was born in Penn- sylvania, and they became the parents of the
HON. E. B. SCHEEMERHORN
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
289
following children : George, of Neosho town- ship, Cherokee County ; Perry L. ; Laura (Wars- tier), of Lyon township, Cherokee County; Sarah; Alice (Koch) ; James, of Kansas City; Franklin ; Experience ; Herman ; Bessie ; Gro- ver C, who died at the age of nine years ; and Kitty. Politically, the subject of this sketch has been a Fusion Democrat and Populist, and has held numerous township offices, having served as school trustee for nine years. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America.
ON. E. B. SCHERMERHORN, one of the leading citizens of Galena, Kansas, whose portrait is herewith shown, is president of the Citizens' Bank, president of the Cornwall Mining Com- pany, president of the Galena Development Company, treasurer of the Wyandotte Mining Company, secretary and treasurer of the John M. Cooper M. & M. Company, and since 1902 a member of the State Legislature. He was born in Will County, Illinois.
Mr. Schermerhorn's early educational op- portunities did not extend beyond the public schools, but such was his ambition to succeed and to make as rapid progress as possible, that for six years after completing the course his text-books remained his best beloved compan- ions. He secured a postoffice position at Greenville, Michigan, after the assassination of President Lincoln, in which he continued until January 1, 1866. He then entered a banking institution with which he remained until 1873, mastering every detail of this branch of busi- ness, and accumulating in these years a capital of $10,000. With this he went to Colorado, invested in mining properties and lost his money within two years.
In December, 1875, Mr. Schermerhorn
came to Baxter Springs, Cherokee County, Kansas, to begin his business climb over again. Here he accepted a clerical position with John M. Cooper, the leading merchant, with whom he later became associated in business. In 1877, under the firm name of John M. Cooper & Company, they opened a large mercantile busi- ness in Galena, to which city Mr. Schermer- horn removed. With this enterprise he is still connected. He was and is identified with many of the successful corporate institutions of the city and county, and for a number of years has been president of the Citizens' Bank.
In politics this prominent citizen has al- ways been a firm supporter of the Republican party. In 1902 he was elected to the State Legislature, where his public acts have proved him as wise a legislator as he is a financier and private citizen.
Mr. Schermerhorn married Mrs. Abbie Simpson, a lady who is well fitted to preside over one of the most elegant and attractive homes in Galena. It is beautifully situated on a natural elevation, 65 feet above the street, and is adorned with the most elaborate of modern furnishings, a fit theater for many de- lightful social functions. Mr. Schermerhorn owns probably more valuable land than any other citizen of Cherokee County, the greater part of it being rich in mineral dsposits.
Mr. Schermerhorn is a Knight Templar and a 32d degree Scottish Rite Mason. He is also a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, Knights of Pythias and the Elks. being treasurer of the lodge of the last-named society. He also has membership in the Com- mercial Club.
Mr. Schermerhorn has accumulated a large fortune and he knows how to enjoy it, taking kindly to the good things of life and giving generous assistance to those who have been less fortunate. Both in his business and politi-
ifl
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
cal life, lie has gained the friendship and esteem of those who adequately represent the highest idards.
AWRENCE CONKLIN, one of the most prominent farmers in Pleasant View township, Cherokee County, was born in 1832 in Licking County. Ohio. In the spring of 1858 he. moved to Mis- souri, and four years later, in the fall, found him in Pike County of that State, where he fol- lowed theoccupation of teaching. During the
;! War he returned to Ohio, where he re- mained until 1867, when he turned his face Westward. The journey to the West was made with horses and wagon, a large drove of sheep being driven ahead. After a short stop in 111 i-
s, he proceeded to Cherokee County, Kan-
. where he purchased what were then called "treaty right" lands. This land was bought 1 the Indians, and was located on the old "Military Road," in section 10. township 32, range 25. in what is now known as Pleasant View township. Here the sub- ject of this sketch opened a general store and did a thriving business for a while. As one of the pioneers in this part of the State, he had the usual varied experiences of a settler in a new territory.
In 1868, just one year after his arrival in Kansas, Mr. Conklin married Mary Susan Roberts, a daughter of the late "Squire" Rob- erts. This marriage resulted in one child, Mur- ray K., who was born in Pleasant View town- ship, where he has always resided. His wife. now deceased, was Maude Hudson, of the same township; their children are Inez M. and Ruth.
John C. Conklin, the father of Lawrence
Conklin, was a native of Dutchess County,
York. He lived to the advanced age of
ears, his death occurring in Ohio in 1894.
His life occupation was that of farming. A most successful farmer, and a prominent man of his vicinity, he was also esteemed for his up- right character and honesty of purpose. In politics, he was a stanch Republican, and was very active in working for the party. He was a justice of the peace for many years. He mar- ried Sally Cooley, of Xew York State. Her death occurred in Ohio in 1850, when 40 years of age. The family consisted of six children, four of whom are living, namely : Statira, Lawrence. John and Winfield Scott.
The grandfather. David Conklin, was a na- tive of New York City. His ancestors, emi- grating from Holland, were numbered among the original settlers of the State.
Of Lawrence Conklin as a citizen, no word of commendation is too strong. He combines qualities of character which make him most popular. One of the old guard who helped to form the Republican party, he followed it until he felt that it was leaving the teachings of the fathers, when he became an enthusiastic Popu- list. He represented the county, as a Republi- can, in the Legislature, in 1874, serving accep- tably on several important committees. He has served as township trustee and member of the School Board, and was justice of the peace for 16 years.
ENRY R. SADLER. Cherokee Coun- ty is particularly favored in the solid character of its agricultural class, in which is the gentleman above named,
who resides in section 15, Crawford township.
and owns one of the best farms in the county.
Mr. Sadler is a native of England, having been
born in Milford, Derbyshire, in 1S41, and has
been a resident of Cherokee County since June
15, 1869.
The parents of the subject of this sketch
came to America with their family in i8;6,
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291
and settled in Philadelphia. After two years, Mr. Sadler concluded to try his fortunes in the great West, and went to Salem, Henry I ',< iunty, Iowa, where he lived until his removal ti 1 Kansas.
The first great event in the life of Mr. Sad- ler was the Civil War, in which he took an active and honorable part, bearing the scars of battle upon his body to this day. He enlisted in Henry County, Iowa, in September, 1861, as a private in Company F, 4th Reg.. Iowa Vol. Caw, Captain Winslow commanding. He saw service in Kansas, Missouri, Arkansas, Missis- sippi, Louisiana and Tennessee, and was mus- tered out December 12, 1864. He is one of the survivors of the dreaded Libby Prison, where he spent some time as the result of cap- ture during the operations about Vicksburg. In a sharp skirmish which occurred about 25 miles from Helena, Arkansas, he received five bullet wounds, and for many weeks was inca- pacitated for service. With the exception of his prison life and this hospital experience, he was in the saddle during the entire period of his service.
Returning to Henry County in 1866, he there married Annie E. Smith, a native of Philadelphia, and in 1869 came to Cherokee County.
Upon the arrival of Mr. Sadler in Cherokee County in 1869, he immediately selected the claim which now constitutes his farm. This was unbroken prairie and the task of subduing it has been his life work. How well it has been done is evidenced by the many improvements on his farm, all of which are of a substantial character, the whole tract bearing evidence of the hand of an expert in agriculture.
Mr. and Mrs. Sadler are the parents of seven children, as follows : Sidney F., a far- mer of Crawford township, who is married ; Lenford S., a farmer of Crawford township, who is also married; Vinnie (Mrs. M. E.
Cowell), of Crawford township; and Cora, Clytie, Scott and Winslow, who are children at home.
Mr. Sadler's political affiliations are with the Republican party; although not a politician in any sense of the term, he has never failed to take an active part in the local contests. In the trying times of the early "nineties." when the Reform party was at its best, the need of a strong ticket caused the leaders of the party to urge upon him the nomination for county treasurer. and in the election which followed he was chosen to that office. He served with credit during the term of 1891-92. and turned over the office to his successor in most credit- able shape.
Fraternally. Mr. Sadler holds membership in the Grand Army of the Republic. John A. Dix Post, No. 59.
With a well spent past and no cause for financial worry in the future, the subject of this sketch bids fair to spend the remainder of his days amid the felicitations of his hosts of friends, who esteem him most highly for his true worth and merit.
1899.
ANIEL EDWARDS, one of the highly respected citizens of Ross township, Cherokee County, Kansas, died on his well cultivated farm June 19. He was born in Cumberland County, England, January 8, 1847, and was a son °f Daniel and Elizabeth Edwards.
The parents of the late Daniel Edwards were honest, worthy, industrious people, the mother coming from an old Cumberland fam- ily, and the father, from one in Lancaster. They had six children, namely : Margaret, Tamer, Daniel, Thomas, Elizabeth and James. Although the subject of this sketch was a man of more than usual intelligence and of ex-
292
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
cellent business capacity, he had but limited educational advantages in his youth, as he started to work in the coal mines when but a child of nine years. In 1869 he came to Amer- ica and worked at various places before coming to Cherokee County, in 1879, spending some years at North Lawrence, Stark County, Ohio. After his marriage he settled in Mineral township, Cherokee County, and, after be- ing engaged for a time in mining, bought 80 acres of land in section 36, town- ship 32, range 23, in Ross township. He had all the improvements to make here, as it was wild prairie land when he settled on it. He did some farming, but coal soon being found under his land, the develop- ment of this great commodity rewarded him letter than agriculture. His knowledge of mines and mining assured him of much more than a competency, when he put down what is now known as the Edwards shaft on his farm, in 1899. This mine is worked with a force of from five to 14 men, and its output is very sat- isfactory. Mr. Edwards was a very hard- working man, and did not live to see how really valuable his property was to be.
In 1879, Mr. Edwards married Mary Shaw, who was born at Stockport, Cheshire, England, and is a daughter of James and Martha (Gib- bons) Shaw, with whom she came to America in June, 1863. They located at North Lawrence, Stark County, Ohio. Her mother died at Pig- eon Run, in that county. The father came to Kansas and spent his last years here. They had three children, — John, who is a retired en- gineer at Weir City; Mary (Mrs. Edwards) ; and Wright, of Massillon, Ohio.
Eight children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Edwards, namely : John Albert, who died in Ohio; Ida Martha, wife of John McGregor, who farms the Edwards homestead ; Cora Eliz- abeth, who died in Ohio; Daniel Wright, who died in 1898; Nellie Belle, deceased, and Delia
Estelle (twins), of whom the latter became the wife of William Earl, of Ross township; Wil- liam Walter, who is mining on the home place; and James Thomas, who is at home. Mr. Ed- wards was a member, as is his wife, of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics he fa- vored the Populist party. Fraternally, he for- merly belonged to the order of Odd Fellows.
Mr. Edwards was a man of the highest in- tegrity. He was well known to a large number of people. In his home he was beloved and re- spected, being a loyal, loving husband and care- ful father, whose ambition it was to train up his children to be good men and women. He was a man of a great deal of character. He had earned all his possessions, and valued them as the result of his industry, but he was always ready to help those in need, and gave largely to charity.
ICHAEL HUGHES, one of the well known citizens and prosperous farmers of Cherokee County, re- siding on a finely cultivated and improved farm of 160 acres in section 8, town- ship 32, range 24, in Mineral township, was born April 18, 1863, in St. Clair County, Illi- nois, and is a son of Luke and Ann (Costello) Hughes.
Michael Hughes, the paternal grandfather, for whom the subject of this sketch was named, was born in Ireland and came in 1848 to Amer- ica, where both he and his wife subsequently died. Luke Hughes, was born in Ireland in 1829, and accompanied his parents to America in 1848. They settled in Pennsylvania, where Luke Hughes worked in a foundry for three years, and then moved to Wisconsin, where he worked in a blacksmith and foundry establish- ment. He was subsequently employed for about 10 years in the same business at St. Louis. He removed to Wyandotte, Kansas, in 1868, and
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
several years later began to assist in railroad construction work, on a line then building. Thus he continued until he purchased the farms on which he and his son now reside. His own farm of 160 acres, lo- cated in the northeast quarter of sec- tion 9, township 32, range 24, he bought in 1887. He is a very highly respected citizen, and one of the oldest settlers in Mineral town- ship.
In 1857, Luke Hughes married Ann Cos- tello, who was born in Ireland. They had 1 1 children, the survivors being: Fannie, Michael, Daniel, Joseph and Edward. James died De- cember 31, 1903.
Michael Hughes was nine years old when his parents came to Kansas, and his whole life since then has been devoted to agricultural pur- suits. His finely cultivated farm of 160 acres was given him by a very indulgent father. This he has improved, and here carries on gen- eral farming with most satisfactory results.
In 1 89 1 Michael Hughes was married to Maggie McArdel, and their interesting family of five children were all born in Mineral town- ship. They are named as follows : Patrick, Edward, Phillip, Frances and John. Politically, Mr. Hughes chooses to vote independently. He is a member of the Anti-Horse Thief Associa- tion. Mr. Hughes belongs to one of the old families of the township, and bears the reputa- tion of being one of a family of extraordinarily good farmers, as well as first-class citizens.
EORGE M. FISHER, formerly ac- tively engaged in business at Colum- bus, but now retired, is one of the self-made and substantial men of Cherokee County, and owns a fine farm of 320 acres in Crawford township. He was born in Huron County. Ohio, November 12, 1S38, and
is the only son of Benjamin and Jane (Curran) Fisher, natives of New York and Massachu- setts, respectively. The parents of Mr. Fisher died in Ohio in 1889, the mother, in January, and the father, in October. They had two daughters, one of whom is deceased, and the other, Charlotte, is Mrs. Edward Lincoln, of Sandusky, Ohio.
George M. Fisher received a good, com- mon-school education. He left home at the age of 18 years to seek his fortune, not wishing to learn his father's trade of stone cutting and bridge contracting. After working for the American Express Company for a short time at Richmond, Indiana, he went to Xenia, Ohio, to work for the same company, and later was located at Lafayette and Fort Wayne, Indiana. He spent seven years as express messenger on the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Rail- road. After leaving the express business, he continued in railroad work, spending four years with The Pullman Company, and four years with The Central Transportation Com- pany, on the sleeping car line, running first from Crestline, Ohio, to Altoona, Pennsylvania, and then from Crestline to Chicago: he was later transferred to the run between New York and Chicago. Following this service, he be- came a freight conductor on the Pittsburg, Furl Wayne & Chicago Railroad and remained with this company until he went into business at Col- lins, Ohio. There, with his brother-in-law, he conducted a general store until 1884. when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas.
On coming to this county, Mr. Fisher first engaged in a meat business at Columbus, which he sold when he was employed by Special Dis- bursing Agent A. T. Lea, of Columbus, to as- sist in enumerating all the Indians concerned in the listing of the land sales of 1888-89, in Da- kota. The list included 20,578 Indians, and Mr. Fisher inscribed all the names in both the English and Indian languages, — a task that re-
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUIs
quired for its completion a period of t and inths. Mr. Fisher returned to Co-
lumbus when the work was accomplished, in January, 1892.
Mr. Fisher was married at Galion, Craw- ford Count}-. Ohio, to Jennie Neff, who was born at Bucyrus, but reared at Galion. She is a daughter of Henry and Isabelle (Bucking- ham) Neff. Her father was born in Pennsyl- vania, and died in Ohio, in 1884. and her mother was born in Maryland, and died in [882. Mrs. Fisher was one of eight children and is the only survivor, except a brother, James L. Xeff, who is now one of the best paid and most efficient engineers on the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railway, with which he has been connected for 35 years, his home being at Galion, Ohio. James L. Xeff enlisted in the Civil War at the age of 19 and served through the whole struggle.
Mr. and Mrs. Fisher have three daughters and two sons, namely: Carrie, Benjamin H., Georgia, Frederick and Kathryn. Carrie, who resides in Kansas City, Missouri, with her two children, Georgia and Louise, is the widow of Sherry \Y. Marshall, who was receiving teller of the National Bank of Commerce of Kansas City, Missouri, at the time he was accidentally killed by the cars, on December 8, 1901, at La Cygne, Kansas. Benjamin H. Fisher, who is a graduate dentist, has lived during recent years in Portland, Oregon, but is now with a party en route to Alaska on a prospecting tour. Georgia married Asa Lea, and has one child, — Sherry E. ;they reside in Kansas City, Missouri, where Mr. Lea is manager of the Ancient Or- der of Pyramids, of that city. Frederick, who was a member of an Oregon battery in the Spanish-American War, lives in Columbus, Kansas, where he is a machinist and general mechanic. Kathryn lives at home with her nts. Mr-. Fisher is a member of the Pres- byterian Church, to which Mr. Fisher gives a
liberal support. Politically, he is a Republican, while his social connection is with the Order of the Triple Tie. at Columbus, of which his. wife is also a member.
ARON LYERLA. a former well known farmer of Cherokee County, whose farm was in sections 9 and 16, Shawnee township, died April 3. 1892. He was born in Union County, Illinois. February 28, 1850. and was a son of Solomon and Delilah (Williams) Lyerla. The Lyerla family were among the pioneer settlers in Illi- nois, having moved to that State from North Carolina at an early day. Aaron Lyerla's grandfather moved to Jackson County, Illinois, form the Old North State, bringing all he had in a two- wheel ox cart.
Solomon Lyerla was born in Jackson Coun- ty, Illinois, and remained on the home farm until about the time of his marriage, when he entered a tract of land and engaged in farming. He continued adding to his property, which was situated in Union County, until he became an extensive land owner for those clays. This property he sold about the year 1859. and bought a 360-acre farm in Montgomery Coun- ty. Illinois, where he lived until his death. He was a justice of the peace for many years, in Union and Montgomery counties. He was married twice, and 11 children were bom to his union with Delilah Williams, his second wife. Of these, the following grew to matur- ity: Jacob, a resident of Montgomery County. Illinois; Calvin; William R.. who is engaged in farming in Shawnee township. Cherokee County ; Richard, of Montgomery County. Illi- nois; Mary Jane, wife of P. W. Plyler. of Montgomery County; Sarah Ann, deceased, who was the wife of Frank Sellers; Margaret E.. wife of William Redmond, of Montgomery
AXD REPRESENTATIVE CITIZE]
of Jai ksi m County, Illinois; and Aaron. The parents of the subject of this sketch were members of the Christian Church.
Aaron Lyerla spent the first nine years of his life on his father's farm in Union County. Illinois, and then moved with the family to the Montgomery County farm, where he grew to manhood, becoming familiar with all kinds of farm work. There he remained, following the occupation of farming, until 1883. when he moved to Kansas, and located on a 160-acre tract which he had purchased. Four years afterward he returned to Illinois, and managed his mother's farm until the time of his death.
A stanch Democrat, Mr. Lyerla always voted the ticket as set forth by that party, yet did not take a prominent part in political affairs. Fraternally, he affiliated with the Masons, hav- ing become a member of that order in his native State. He was a consistent member of the Christian Church, in which he was a faithful worker.
In 1872 Mr. Lyerla was married to Sarah Catherine Sellers, a daughter of Samuel Sellers, of Montgomery County, Illinois. Four chil- dren were born to this union, all of whom are living. They are as follows : Adah Heletha (Mrs. Fay Stone), of Villa Ridge, Illinois ; Eva Delilah (Mrs. Earl Bray), of Joplin, Mis- souri; Elsie Addie Euphemia (Mrs. Arthur Gibson), now living at Messer, Kansas; and Walter S., living on the old home place. Mrs. Lyerla's father was born and reared near Day- ton, Ohio. Although much of his time was spent in doing farm work, he was a carpenter by trade, and at intervals followed that occu- pation. Although not a politician, he took some interest in politics, always voting the Demo- cratic ticket. He married Ruth Isaruah Moniah Isabelle Buchanan Beck, a daugh- ter of John Beck. Of the seven children born to them, six are now living, name- ly : Sarah Catherine, widow of the sub-
ject of this sketch; Euphemia Alice (1 William R. Lyerla), of Shawnee town Cherokee County; Andrew Preston, of Deca- tur, Illinois; Melvin Powell, living at Grand Junction, Colorado; Amasa Erastus, of Illi- nois; and Samuel Wesley, of Grand Junction. Colorado. Mrs. Sellers was a member of the Christian Chuch. Her death occurred during the Civil War, in 1864. The father is still liv- ing, hale and hearty, at the age of 77 years. His home is in Coffeen, Montgomery County, Illinois.
Mrs. Lyerla resides on the 160 acres origin- ally purchased by her husband on his arrival in Kansas. It is good, rich farm land, much of it under cultivation, and with the assistance and good management of her son, Walter S.. who lives on the farm, it brings forth all the products of the average farm. As is the cus- tom of large land holders in this part of the country, a part of the farm is rented out.
L. F. WILLIAMS, county attorney of Cherokee County, was born at Ap- pleton City, St. Clair County, Mis- souri, in 1876, and is a son of L. A. and Jennie (Wylie) Williams.
The father of Mr. Williams, who was de- scended from Irish and Welsh ancestors, was born in Illinois, and reared near Cairo. He re- moved to Missouri where he married, and fin- ally located in Columbus, Kansas, where he was engaged in the grocery business with his son- in-law, C. W. Van Zandt. He continued thus until about two years prior to his death, in May. 1901, at the age of 52 years. His wife still survives, and is a resident of Columbus. She has one daughter, Mrs. Edith Van Zandt, who is a singer of note, and has taught and studied music extensively. Mrs. Wan Zandt has had the advantages of being a pupil of Madam Clagett, wlur studied under Patti.
296
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
When our subject was a child, his parents located at Lamar, Missouri, and there he grad- uated from the high school and subsequently taught a term of school in Barton County. Then he went into the newspaper business at Mountain Grove, Missouri, where in 1894, he conducted a paper for seven months. He re- turned to Lamar in 1895, and was on the edi- torial staff of the Barton County Republican for 12 months. He also spent some months in the law office of Thurman & Wray at Lamar, and later was in the office of C. D. Ashley, of Columbus, Kansas. On October 10, 1896, he located at Columbus, and was admitted to prac- tice in 1897, in which year he was employed in the offices of the county clerk and county treasurer.
On May 2, 1898, Mr. Williams enlisted for the Spanish-American War as 1st lieutenant of Company F, 22nd Reg., Kansas Inf., U. S. Vols., and accompanied the regiment to Topeka and to Leavenworth, and to Camp Alger, Vir- ginia. He crossed the mountains into Penn- sylvania, returning six months later as regi- mental quartermaster on the staff of Col. H. C. Lindsay, of Topeka. He then began his law practice at Columbus, and in April, 1899. was elected city attorney, on the Republican ticket. He was reelected in the spring of 1900. Soon afterward he formed a law partnership with C. A. McNeill, under the firm name of McNeill & Williams, which continued until he became county attorney of Cherokee County. To this office he was elected on the Republican ticket in November, T902, by a majority of 252, indicating a change of more than a thousand vi >tes, as compared with previous elections. 1 Ie is without doubt the youngest prosecuting attorney in the State, and his county furnishes more criminal litigation than any other in the Suite, with the possible exception of two. In July. 1902, "Mr. Williams ripened a branch
office at Weir City, which is now really his home.
In addition to his successful practice of the law, Mr. Williams has shown unusual business ability and is one of the leading spirits in a prosperous enterprise which has its headquar- ters in Columbus. This is the Western Cigar & Tobacco Company of Columbus, incorpo- rated December 19, 1902, by C. A. McNeill, Al. F. Williams and W. W. Bowers, with a capital of $2,000. In January, 1904. the busi- ness was reincorporated with a capital of $5,000. While the controlling interest is held by Mr. McNeill and Mr. Williams, there are now about 40 stockholders, and its board of officers is as follows : C. A. McNeill, president ; Dr. C. S. Huffman, vice-president; Al. F. Wil- liams, secretary and treasurer; and W. W. Bowers, general manager. The traveling rep- resentative is W. M. Frogue, who covers Southeastern Kansas, Oklahoma and a part of Missouri. The company employs 40 people and turns out 125,000 cigars monthly, the lead- ing brands being the "Hoo-hoo," a five-cent cigar, and the "American Dignitaries," a 10- cent cigar. The success of this business has been almost phenomenal, and reflects the great- est credit upon the foresight, energy and ability of its founders. Fraternally, Mr. Williams belongs to the Grand Lodge of Kansas Knights of Pythias, the Odd Fellows. Elks, Eagles and Woodmen of the World. Religiously, he fa- vors the Methodist Episcopal Church.
HARLES H. BETTY, one of the later settlers of Cherokee County, lives on a farm of 160 acres, in section 19, Shawnee township. He is a native of Montgomery County, Illinois, where he was born June 11, 1859. His parents were Isaac and Louisa (Allen) Betty, both natives of
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
297
Smith County, Tennessee, where both grew to maturity and were married.
Isaac Betty lived at home until his marriage, when he rented a farm and engaged in farming for himself for several years as a renter. In 1849 he removed to Montgomery County, Illi- nois, and there remained until his death, which occurred in 1891, at the age of 72. Before his removal from Tennessee, he enlisted in the army for the Mexican War, and served faith- fully to the end, participating in many skir- mishes and in the battle of Buena Vista. He married Louisa Allen, a daughter of Archibald Allen, of Tennessee, and granddaughter of Ar- chibald Allen, a soldier of the War of 1812, who participated in the battle of New Orleans. They had eight children, seven of whom are living, namely: Caroline, wife of Thomas Gray, of Montgomery County, Illinois; Fran- cis, who is married and lives in Shawnee town- ship, Cherokee County ; Robert, of Oklahoma ; William, who lives near Spokane Falls, Wash- ington; Alonzo. of Illinois; Charles H. ; and Amanda, who lives with our subject.
Charles H. Betty received such schooling as the schools of his native county afforded. He remained at home until the age of 2J, occu- pying himself with the labors of the farm. In 1887 he came to Kansas, and purchased the farm of 160 acres where he now resides. Four years after taking up his residence in Kansas, he married Mary Atkinson, who was born in Columbus, Cherokee County, and is a daughter of J. C. Atkinson. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Betty are : Russell C, born July 2, 1893 ; Irven, born February 17, 1895; Mirten, born December 9, 1896; Alonzo J., born January 25, 1898; Willis R., born September 6, 1899; Jesse N., born October 22, 1900; and Wilbert D.. born May 26, 1903.
Mrs. Betty's father, J. C. Atkinson, was born in Indiana in 1836, and came to Kansas
when very young, being numbered among the State's early settlers. A farmer all his life, he acquired enough of a competency to retire from active work in later years. His wife was a widow, whose maiden name was Sarah Caldwell. The only child of her first marriage was Eva (Mrs. Emanuel Jenkins), of the Indian Territory. To the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Atkinson seven children were born, five of whom are living, as follows: Flora (Mrs. Young), of Hillside, Indian Territory; Ada, wife of Joseph Hampstan, of Shawnee township, Cherokee County; Fannie, wife of William Mantonia of Crestline, Cherokee County; Mary, wife of our subject ; and Marena, wife of William Adams, of Ralston, Oklahoma.
Mr. Atkinson was a member of the Society of Friends, as is also his daughter. The Atkin- son family is of English descent, the great- grandfather having migrated from England to America. The grandfather was Robert Atkin- son, a native of Indiana. Mrs. Atkinson, the mother of Mrs. Betty, died September 25, 188 1.
Mr. Betty has a fine farm for gardening purposes, and raises large quantities of garden produce. Of the small grains, corn is his prin- cipal crop, most of which he feeds to the stock- raised on the farm. Our subject prides him- self on the fine melons he raises, large numbers of which are placed on the market each year. Several times, at the Old Settlers' Reunions, he has exhibited his produce in competition for the prizes offered, and the size and good quality of his exhibit have won the prize each time.
Mr. Betty, though not taking an active in- terest in politics, always votes a straight Repub- lican ticket, and at all times stands for the prin- ciples of his party. The family is well and favorably known in the locality and are held in the highest respect and esteem by all who know them.
COUNTY
ll^ral
LKER, juni. ] er of tl firm of Skidmore &
Walker, of Columbus, \\ June
22, [873, in Cherokee County, Kan- and is a son of Arcenith F. and Lucinda A. (Le Grand) Walker.
Arcenith F. Walker and his wife were reared in Illinois, the father in Bond County, and the mother in St. Clair County, and they came to Neosho township, Cherokee County. Kansas, in 1867. Mr. Walker has followed farming and stock-raising ever since. Of their nine children, seven still survive, namely: John, a stonecutter by trade, who is married and re- sides on his farm in Lyon township; Edward, also married, who lives on his farm in Lola township; William, who also has a family, and lives on his farm in Lyon township; Stephen L., about whom we write; Daniel A., who is a dentist in the town of McCune, Crawford County, Kansas; Frederick A., who is an attor- ney at Weir City; and Walter, who is a high school student. Jennie married S. D. New- ton, and was accidentally killed in 1896, at the age of 28 years, leaving a family of four little children. Myrtle died at the age of 18 months. Mr. Walker was reared in Cherokee Coun- ty, and is a product of her public schools. From the Columbus High School he went to the Kan- sas Normal College at Fort Scott, and then took up teaching as a profession. This he fol- lowed for eight years through Cherokee Coun- ty, in the meantime preparing for the serious study of the law. After two years spent with C. D. Ashley, a prominent attorney of Colum- bus, he was admitted to the bar on September 25. 1900. and practiced alone until January. 1903, when he formed his present partnership with Judge A. H. Skidmore. He is considered one of the most promising 0f the younger mem- bers of the bar, and his past success may be taken as an indication of his future. Lis quick- ness an I al ed to Judge Skidmore's
learning' and! experience make a combination of exceeding strength, and the firm handles a large part of the important legal business of this section.
During the late Spanish-American War. Mr. Walker enlisted in Company F, 22nd Reg., Kansas Infantry, LT. S. Volunteers, and re- mained six months in the service, being sta- tioned at Camp Alger and other points in the East, with the rank of sergeant.
Mr. Walker's family consists of a wife and son, the latter a bright lad bearing the name of Maurice Andrew. Mrs. Walker was formerly Minnie Mayhew. whose mother, Mrs. Sarah Mayhew, resides in Columbus. The Mayhew family came to Cherokee County in 1880, and here Mrs. Walker was a successful teacher for about nine years. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Politically, Mr. Walker is a Republican. Like his father, who is a veteran of the Civil War, he is patriotically devoted to his country while at the same time he is fully awake to the needs and the opportunities of his county and city. Possessing a winning address and ster- ling traits of character, many are found to pre- dict a bright future for this able young at-
torney.
E WITT C. SEIBERT, deceased, was one of the early settlers of Cherokee County, and for many years was identified with its important affairs. He was born in Washington County, Mary- land, July 11, 1846, and died in Cherokee County, February 10, 1902. His parents were Henry and Elizabeth (Martin) Seibert.
Henry Seibert was ' born November _;<>. 1815, in Washington County. Maryland, and died July 26, 1871, in Carroll County, Indiana. His wife, Elizabeth Martin, was born April 7, 1822, in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, and
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died October 26, 1867. The Seiberts haw all I ecu Democrats in politics, and Presbyterians in religion, and both they and the Martins were prominent men and women in their day. Wil- liam Martin, a brother of the late Mr. Seibert's mother, as one of the responsible men of his locality, was selected as one of the jury called in the case of John Brown, the agitator. Mr. Martin still survives and lives at Harper*s Ferry, being an old man now. The late Mr. Seibert was one of a family of eight children, viz : Mrs. Catherine Mullendore, who died at Dodge City, Kansas ; Mrs. Rachel Barnes, who died at Delphi, Indiana ; Mrs. Susan E. Barnes, of Danville, Illinois ; De Witt C. ; Emma, who died in Illinois: David, who died on his farm in Indiana ; Abram, who died in Indiana ; and Lewis, who died in boyhood.
The late Mr. Seibert removed with his par- ents to Carroll County, Indiana, when five years of age, and remained there until the fall of 1876, when he came to Cherokee County, and settled on a farm about four miles from Co- lumbus, in Crawford township. Here he pros- pered, and the farm is still owned by his widow, who leases and oversees it personally. In De- cember, 1901, he removed to Columbus, but enjoyed his pleasant home there but a short time, his death occurring in the following Feb- ruary. He was active in politics, and fre- quently served in township offices. He joined the organization of Odd Fellows while a resi- dent of Indiana.
On February 8. 1870, in Indiana, Mr. Sei- bert was married to Belle F. Wharton, who was born September 17, 1852, in Carroll County, Indiana, and is a daughter of John and Ann A. (Montgomery) Wharton. John Wharton was born July 12, 1812. in what was then Mifflin, but is now included in Juniata County, Penn- sylvania, of Scotch-Irish parentage. At the time of his death he had been a ruling elder of the Rock Creek Presbyterian Church for over
50 years, having joined this , ; body in
1832. On February 2, 1866, Mr. Whai was initiated into Rockfield Lodge, I. O. O. F., No. 301, and as long as he lived he took an active part in the workings of the order. On March jt,. 1837, Mr. Wharton married Ann A. Montgomery, who was born at Lewistown, Mifflin County. Pennsylvania, February 23. 1819, and died at Logansport. Cass Count v. Indiana, July 29, 1901. Her parents came to America from County Tyrone, Ireland, accom- panying their parents to Mifflin County, Penn- sylvania, where they settled down to farming in the fertile Tuscarora Valley. Great-grand- father Wharton served seven years in the Rev- olutionary War, and was taken prisoner by the Indians. Mr. Wharton survived until June 6, 1900, dying on his farm in Carroll Count}-. Indiana, after a residence there of 62 years. In early life a Whig, he later adopted the prin- ciples of the Republican party.
Mrs. Seibert was the youngest of seven children who arrived at maturity, namely : Wil- liam W., a farmer near Logansport, Indiana, and a veteran of the Civil War; Mrs. Lizzie J. Anderson, who died at Mattox, Virginia, in June, 1899; James, a very successful farmer near Bringhurst, Indiana, who was 1st lieuten- ant of Company A, 9th Reg. Indiana Vol. Int.. and served through four years of the Civil War; S. Edward, also a veteran of the Civil War, who is now engaged in the grocery busi- ness in Chicago; Mrs. Mattie Jordan, who re- sides at Lake Cicott. Indiana; Robert, who is in the employ of the Chicago & Alton Railway Company at Bloom- ington, Illinois; and Mrs. Seibert. The last named was reared and educated in Indiana and there met and married the hue De Witt C. Seibert. They had three children, namely: Leila, Lewis and Harry. Leila, who is now the wife of Dr. I'. R. Sayer, a prominent dentist of Columbus, was
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
born December 5. 1870, in Carroll Count}-, Indiana. Lewis, who was also born in Car- roll County, March 17. 1874, is interested in farming in Cherokee County; he was married on .March 19, 1899, to May Overholser, and has one son, — Clinton. Harry, who was born in Cherokee County, February 2, 1877, 's en~ gaged with S. \V. Hough, in the undertaking business at Columbus, and on December 28, 1898, was married to Margaret Gaither.
As before stated, Mrs. Seibert finds pleas- ure and occupation in personally overseeing the homestead farm of 160 acres, and she also owns the handsome family home in Columbus. She has been a member of, and an active worker in, the Presbyterian Church since her childhood. About the time of his marriage, Mr. Seibert became a member of the same denomination, and from 1877 until his death he served as an elder in the Columbus Presbyterian Church. He was a man of upright life and Christian spirit. He commanded the respect of all who knew him, and his death was a distinct loss to Cherokee County.
A. LaRUE, cashier of the First Na- tional Bank of Columbus, the oldest financial institution in Cherokee County, was born in 1868 in Ben- ton County, Iowa, and is a son of T. P. LaRue, the well known capitalist of this section.
Mr. LaRue was a pupil in the public schools of Iowa, and was 18 years of age when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas. Two years later he entered the banking institution of which his father was president, and in 1891 was made cashier. This bank was founded in 1882 by I 'wight & Schott; it passed into the hands of Jarvis, Conklin & Company and was then bought by T. A. LaRue in the fall of 1887. The change in name was accomplished in 1902. Its capitalization is $50,000, and its undivided
profits are about $5,000. Its officers are: T. P. LaRue, president; Isaac Wright, vice-presi- dent; H. A. LaRue, cashier; and A. M. Albin. assistant cashier. Mr. LaRue's time is devoted to the business of the bank, and to looking after his extensive real estate investments.
Mr. LaRue married Ella H. Hughes, who came to Kansas in 1880 with her parents. Her father is deceased, but her mother resides in Columbus. Mr. and Mrs. LaRue have one son, Robert H., who was bom in Columbus. Mrs. LaRue is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Politically, Mr. LaRue is identified with the Republican party. At present he is serving as treasurer of the Columbns Board of Educa- tion. His fraternal associations include the Masonic Blue Lodge and Royal Arch Chapter at Columbus; and the Knights of Pythias. Modern Woodmen of America and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, all of Columbus.
OMMODORE F. COOL, one of the substantial citizens of Columbus, a member of the Logan Abstract & Loan Company of this city, was born in McLean County, Illinois, and is a son of H. and Esther (Haner) Cool.
The father of Mr. Cool was born in West Virginia and moved in 1856 to Illinois, where he followed farming until 1870. Then he moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, and se- cured a farm in Lyon township. He died in the fall of 1896. He had served as justice of the peace and on school boards, and had been active in political affairs. The mother of Mr. Cool was born in Illinois, and died in Cherokee County, Kansas, in 18S4. The children, be- sides the subject of this sketch, are, — J. W., a farmer in Lyon township, Cherokee County ; Mrs. R. D. Oliver, of Webb City, Missouri; Mrs. Tom Murphy, of Meade County, Kansas;
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
?oi
J. E., of Salida, Colorado; and Clarence, of San Francisco, California.
Commodore F. Cool remained at home until he attained his majority. His early life, from the age of seven years until that of 22, was mainly devoted to maintaining himself and lay- ing a foundation for a very liberal education. At the age of 22 years he attended the Quaker Academy for a month, and was a pupil later at Fort Scott, teaching in the meantime, and thus providing himself with funds, so that in 1889 he was graduated with the degrees of B. A., and B. O., at the Kansas State Normal School at Fort Scott, and in 1893 at Emporia he secured a life certificate. The accomplish- ment of this desire meant a great deal, for it was secured entirely through his own unas- sisted efforts, and indicated a perseverance and concentration which will be winning factors through his later life in the business world. He continued in the educational field, serving as principal of the Humboldt High School, then as superintendent of the Scammon schools and then from 1897 to 1901, as county superin- tendent of schools. In the fall of the latter year he resigned the position to become a teacher of elocution, oratory and English in the Cherokee County High School. In June, 1903, Mr. Cool entered into partnership with J. Wilbur Logan, forming the Logan Abstract & Loan Company, an enterprise which is a lead- ing business institution of the city.
Mr. Cool married Catherine Vincent, who for 12 years previously had been a teacher in the Columbus schools. They have three chil- dren,— Christine, Victor Vincent and Court- ney Franklin.
The parents of Mrs. Cool, David and Rachel Vincent, were early settlers at Colum- bus, where Mr. Vincent conducted a hotel and restaurant for a number of years. His death occurred some years since, but Mrs. Vincent
still survives and is a member of Mr. Cool's family.
Mr. Cool has been identified with educa- tional matters ever since he has resided in Co- lumbus. He was president of the board of trustees of the Cherokee County high school, and had much to do with securing its location and getting it into operation. Formerly he was a Republican, but is now a Populist, having been elected county superintendent on the Fu- sion ticket. Since the age of 17 years, he has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is an active worker in the church, Sunday-school, and Junior League, of which he is now superintendent.
J. SLEASE, who has been engaged in mercantile pursuits at Columbus since 1886, and is now one of its leading citizens, was born in Arm- strong County, Pennsylvania, in 1858, and is a son of Jacob and Mary (Baker nee Lucas) Slease.
Jacob Slease was a farmer all his life and owned a fine property in Pennsylvania, where his death occurred in 1898, at the age of 70 years, after two visits made to Cherokee Coun- ty, Kansas. In politics, he was an old-line Democrat. The mother died on the home farm in 1895. They reared six children to maturity, namely : John and Harvey, farmers in Penn- sylvania; L. J., our subject; George M., who, with Harvey, owns the old homestead ; and Emma Jane, who lives on the old homestead with her brothers.
Mr. Slease was 21 years of age when he came to Cherokee County, in 1879, after com- pleting a good, common-school education and teaching about three years. After coming to this section, he taught school three years near
\02
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Weir City. I it removed llien to Columbus and accepted a clerkship in the Branin Brothers'
1 kstore, where he remained for three years.
until the building- was burned. He then en- tered into partnership with W. J. Branin, and
about five years was engaged in book sell- ing, in tlie front of the post office, moving as the post office was moved. He then sold his in- terest, to engage in his present successful en- terprise.
Mr. Slease is proprietor of the "Fair" which he opened up in what was known as the Branin Building, where he continued two years. Then he removed to the Scammon Building, on the easl side of the square. In April, 1896, he 1) oved to the Opera House Building, in which he is interested as a stockholder. This is one
le finest locations in the city. Here the bus- iness has been developed into a dry goods,
ling, boot, shoe and notion emporium. Mr. Slease carrying a very heavy stock which is accommodated in a building 110 feet deep by 40 feet in width, modernly equipped. The services of four courteous ladies and the same number of gentlemen, on opposite sides of the building, are required, in addition to the assist- ance rendered by Mr. and Mrs. Slease and their son, Charles M. They have devoted close at- tention to the upbuilding of this enterprise for the past 12 years, and have met with gratifying- success. Mr. Slease is one of the city's capi- talists ; he is one of the heaviest stockholders in the Columbus Vitrified Brick & Tile Company, and is also interested in the Cherokee County Lumber Company, both successful organi- zations.
Mr. Slease was married in Platte City, Mis- souri, to Maggie Slease, who was born in Penn- sylvania, and who had been prior to her mar- riage a successful teacher in Northern Kansas. They have two intelligent, capable children, — Charles M. and Helen Mary. The former is bis father's bookkeeper and cashier. He at-
tended school at Columbus, beginning at the ;ix years, and never missing a day until he graduated at the County High School in 1902. This perseverance and attention to duty have accompanied him into business life, and he is laying the foundation for a future prosperous career. The daughter is a student in the Coun- ty High School, and although but 16 years of age is already a valued instructor in instrumen- tal music. She has been the organist for the Methodist Episcopal Sunday-school for some years, and is the assistant church organist. Her talents promise to bring her into prominence in the musical world. The finely improved home of the Slease family is situated in the northern portion of Columbus, and is one of the most valuable residence properties in the city.
Politically. Mr. Slease is a Democrat. In 1 901 he was elected mayor of the city, on the Citizens' ticket, and served from 1901 to 1903. His fraternal relations are with the Camp of the Modern Woodmen of America, at Columbus. The family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.
OL. W. S. NORTON, who for the past five years has been a valued cit- izen of Columbus, is one of Chero- kee County's most prominent and wealthy residents, a large mine and land owner, a political leader and a sociable, whole-souled gentleman. He was born in July. 1845, at Paris, Illinois, and is a son of Amos and Eliza- beth (Frasier) Norton.
Amos Norton was born in 1826 in Cincin- nati, Ohio, and was a nephew of "Little Ben" Norton, the noted territorial Senator from Ohio, who was also the first Senator elected from that commonwealth when it became a State. In 1854 Amos Norton visited Kansas but did not locate here, settling at Buffalo. Mis- souri. In 1855 he purchased land south of
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
303
Buffalo, in Dallas County, Missouri, and was engaged in farming and stock-raising until the 1 outbreak of the Civil War. He enlisted as quartermaster of the 14th Regiment, Missouri State Militia, and was captured and killed by Turner's band of guerrillas, on April 2. 1863. His widow, who was a daughter of William Frasier, of Kentucky, died at the home of the subject of this sketch in Columbus, in 1901, in advanced age. Of their three sons, only Colonel Norton ever became prominent in this section.
The adventurous and interesting career of Colonel Norton dates from liis 15th year, when he left his home at Buffalo (where his father had located, bringing the family from Edgar County, Illinois, when our subject was nine years old) and enlisted in the Missouri State Guards. This took place May 4, 1861, and for 10 months he served in Company A of this organization and then for 90 days, in the Home Guards, and later, in the 8th Regiment, Missouri Vol. Cav., from which he was honor- ably discharged in September, 1865, with a commission. The close of the war found him, like many others, in doubt as to his future, dif- ferent localities presenting their claims, but many having serious drawbacks attached. Thus his venture into Old Mexico only resulted in a breakdown of health, and January, 1866, found him back at work on the home farm. In the following summer he first came to Chero- kee County, Kansas, a section in which he is now so well known and so highly valued.
At this time, on account of a heavy fire loss. Colonel Norton was some thousands of dollars in debt ; all his obligations have long since been discharged, dollar for dollar. He located one and a half miles west of the present site of Galena on government land which had been transferred to James F. Joy, the pro- moter and builder of the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad. Settlers who had lo-
cated were exempt and could keep their lands. Colonel Norton purchased from the heirs of John Ross. In three years he broke out and seeded a portion of the tract, made improve- ments, secured the location of a post office at the crossroads town of Checo, served as its first postmaster and then sold out to Rev. Mr. Stephens, whose son is now a business man of Galena. Mr. Stephens succeeded as postmas- ter, and served as such until the organization of the town of Galena.
In 1869 Colonel Norton began school teach- ing near Carthage, Missouri, and lived there until February, 1871, engaging also in freight- ing between Granby and Sedalia. He then settled in Joplin, where he began his mercantile career and his mining operations. His earlier mining ventures were in lead and zinc, but his present operations are confined mainly to coal mining and are extensive and successful. He owns over 2,000 acres of land in Cherokee County, 600 of which are included in two stock ranches, one located south of Lowell, and the other, northwest of Columbus, the rest of the property being coal and farming land. For 15 years he had given his attention closely to his coal and mercantile enterprises, but in the fall of 1903 he closed out the latter, which had been conducted at Scammon.
Colonel Norton is a lawyer by profession, and was in active practice from 1881 to 1900. having been admitted to the bars of Missouri, Arkansas and Kansas. It is not remarkable that a man so identified with such large business in- terests, should be also prominent politically. He was reared in the traditions of the Democratic party, but has long been affiliated with the Re- publican party, and served as State Senator from Cherokee County, from 1S88 to 1892. He served for six years as mayor of Baxter Springs, and has been a leading factor in almosl all of the public affairs of this section for the past 30 years.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
On April n, 1883, Colonel Norton was married to Mary A. Stall, who was probably the first female infant born at Fort Leaven- worth, Kansas, her father being a lieutenant of United States Dragoons, who subsequently met death from wounds, during the Civil War, at Andersonville Prison. Mrs. Stall died in California. Colonel and Mrs. Norton have two children, — Maude, who is yet a student at col- lege, and Claude, who is a student in the Mis- souri Military Academy, at Mexico, Missouri. Mrs. Norton and her daughter are members of the Presbyterian Church. The Colonel has liberal views, but they never take him very tar from orthodoxy.
His social and fraternal associations are with the Columbus G. A. R. Post, in which he has filled chairs at Baxter and Galena, and with the Masonic Blue Lodge and Royal Arch Chap- ter of Columbus.
R. SAYER, D. D. S., secretary and treasurer of the Saytr & Puttkamer Mining Company, of Cherokee County, and one of the leading den- tal practitioners of Columbus, was born in 1872 near Des Moines, Iowa, and is a son of G. W. and Margaret (Malone) Sayer.
The parents of Dr. Sayer moved from Iowa to Kansas in 1876 and settled near Manhattan, where they were engaged in farming until the spring of 1889, when they came to Cherokee County, and now reside in the vicinity of Crest- line. They had the 'following children : P. R. ; William and Roy, of Cherokee County; T. V., formerly a dental practitioner, but now inter- ested in mining ; and Charles.
P. R. Sayer was reared in Kansas and was a pupil in the common schools of Cherokee County. In 1896 he entered the office of Dr. J. O. Houx, for the study of dentistry, and also took a literary course in the State Normal
School at Fort Scott. He remained two years with Dr. Houx and in 1899 opened an office of his own at Columbus, where he has met with the most satisfactory success. He has a finely equipped suite of rooms in the LaRue Building.
Dr. Sayer has been quite extensively inter- ested in mining operations for some years, giv- ing attention to lead and zinc working in the Galena district and, as stated, is an official of the Sayer & Puttkamer Mining Company, the president and general superintendent of which is John Puttkamer, and the vice-president, T. V. Sayer. The property is considered very val- uable, and the developing work now in pro- gress gives every promise of rich returns.
At Columbus, Dr. Sayer married a daugh- ter of DeWitt C. Seibert, who was an early set- tler of Cherokee County. They have two chil- dren,— Constance Annabel and Grace Emeliue. They enjoy a pleasant home with beautiful sur- roundings, in the southwestern part of the city. Dr. and Mrs. Sayer are members of the Pres- byterian Church.
Fraternally, Dr. Sayer is a member of the Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America, and he belongs also to the State Den- tal Association of Kansas. Politically, he is identified with the Democratic party.
P. LaRUE, president of the First National Bank of Columbus, and one of the leading capitalists of Cherokee County, was born in 1844 in Morrow County, Ohio, and is a son of Aaron LaRue.
The LaRue family is of French extraction, and the American branch was instituted by Huguenot refugees who became prominent in the State of Virginia and, later, in Ohio. Aaron LaRue was born in Virginia in 1800, and died in Iowa in 1885. He took his family to Iowa
&
ANDREW SHEARER
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
30/
in 1856, and settled on a farm in the vicinity of Vinton, in Benton County.
T. P. LaRue was reared on his father*s farm in Iowa. He possessed the business ca- pacity which led him to invest his small capital to the best advantage, and to turn it over until he had secured enough to establish himself in a private banking business. This he accom- plished in 1877 with means he had earned him- self, for Mr. LaRue is an example of a self- made man. He continued in the private bank- ing business at Scranton, Iowa, until 1886, when he moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, subsequently purchasing the Columbus Bank, a private institution, of which Jarvis, Conklin & Company were the owners. This bank, which was founded in 1882 by D wight & Schott, had been disposed of to Jarvis, Conklin & Company, and was sold to Mr. LaRue in the fall of 1887.
In 1902 the institution became the First National Bank of Columbus, which is capi- talized at $50,000, and has about $5,000 in un- divided profits. Mr. LaRue is now in active charge of the bank as its president, and the other officers are, — Isaac Wright, vice-presi- dent; H. A. LaRue, cashier; and A. M. Albin, assistant cashier. The success of the institu- tion has been assured ever since Mr. LaRue took charge, and the business has continued to expand until now it is rated, not only as one of the safest, but also as one of the most im- portant financial concerns of the State.
When Mr. LaRue came to Cherokee Coun- ty, he brought considerable capital with him, which, under his good management, has many times increased. He owns between 4,000 and 5,000 acres of land in Cherokee County and is the largest tax payer. He also has property located in other states, and owns stock in several other banks. His farming land he rents, de- voting the greater part of his time to the man- agement of his numerous investments.
17
Mr. LaRue married Elizabeth Hutton, who was born in Ohio, and taken to Iowa when a child by her parents. Six children were born to them, four in Iowa, and two (twins) in Kansas. Mrs. LaRue and the younger children are enjoying the comforts of the beautiful win- ter home at Los Angeles, California.
During the Civil War, Mr. LaRue served for 18 months as a non-commissioned officer in Company G, 2nd Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., and saw active service during his time, but returned uninjured. Politically, he has always been a strong supporter of the Republican party, but has never accepted preferment of any kind. Fraternally, he is a Royal Arch Mason, and belongs also to the Grand Army of the Repub- lic. In religious views, he favors Catholic in- stitutions.
Without doubt, Mr. LaRue is one of the most widely known men in business and finan- cial circles in this section of Kansas, and he fills a prominent position as the president of oldest banking institution in Cherokee County.
XDREW SHEARER, a prominent resident of Columbus, and one of the most substantial citizens and largest land owners of Cherokee County, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, was born in Scotland, and is a son of Robert and Elizabeth (Chambers) Shearer.
Robert Shearer was born in Scotland. His wife, while of Scotch parents, was born in White Haven, England. She died in Illinois, in the winter of 1902, but Robert Shearer still survives, residing near Keelville, Lyon town- ship, Cherokee County, and, although almost 87 years of age, still takes an active interest in agricultural affairs. The subject of this sketch- is the eldest of his family of six children. A brother and sister still reside in Illinois, and
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
two brothers, Hugh and John, settled in Lyon township, where the former died in April, 1902.
Andrew Shearer was reared in Will County, Illinois, and attended the public >ols. His business has always been of an agricultural nature and he has been highly suc- cessful. He located in Cherokee County, Kan- sas, in February, 1881, having purchased a farm of 160 acres from the railroad company in the previous year. To this first purchase he lias added until he now owns over 1,000 acres in Cherokee County, including one entire sec- tion. When he came here he brought with him some fine Clydesdale stock, and has continued to raise this breed ever since. He has done an immense amount of feeding, buying and sell- ing cattle. In 1900 Mr. Shearer purchased his present home site in the northwest portion of the city. He improved it greatly and now en- joys one of the really fine homes of Columbus.
Prior to coming to Cherokee County, Mr. Shearer had married, in Illinois, Kate Kassa- baum, who was born in Pennsylvania, but was rc.red in Illinois. They have three children, namely: Mrs. Addie Mcintosh, born in Illi- nois, and now residing on the old homestead in Lyon township, who has one son, — Arthur, — born there; Mrs. Maggie Deem, born in Illinois, who also resides in Lyon township, .and has one son, — Harry; and Oliver, born in Cherokee County, who is still at home.
Politically, Mr. Shearer is a Republican. and has been a very prominent factor in county politics. From 1893 to 1896 he served as county commissioner, and from 1897 to 1898 as county treasurer. Prior to this he had served in various township offices, and has al- ways done his full duty as a public-spirited citizen.
The family is connected with the United Brethren Church, although Mr. Shearer was reared in the Presbyterian faith, his father hav- ing prepared for the Presbyterian ministry.
While still a resident of Illinois, Mr. Shearer became identified with the Masonic fraternitv. and since coming to Kansas he has become a member of the Odd Fellows. He is one of the highly respected and widely known citizens of this section.
AMES W. LAMASTER. The name of Lamaster has long been an hon- ored one in Lola township, four mem- bers of this family having been among the early settlers. The gentleman mentioned above was the first to come to the county, mak- ing the trip from Knox County, Missouri, in May, 1870. He located on the farm in sec- tion 27, township 33. range 22, which now con- stitutes his home, — being part of what were called the "Joy lands." Mr. Lamaster was born in Garrard County, Kentucky, November 6, 1844.
The father of the subject of this sketch was Alexander W. Lamaster, a native of Kentucky, who lived out his 60 years of life there and in Missouri, dying in Knox County, Missouri, in 1865. He was a cooper by trade and also fol- lowed farming. He married Nancy Lear, also of the "Blue Grass State," who died in Knox County in i860 at the age of 48 years. She was the mother of the following children : Mrs. Elizabeth Haden. who came with her husband to Cherokee County and is now deceased ; Mrs. Sallie Starks, of Montana; James W., the sub- ject of this review; Mrs. Zarelda Lewis, of Pony, Montana; Mrs. Edna Earl, of Lola township; William A., elsewhere mentioned in this volume; Mrs. Katherine Lightfoot, of Deer Lodge, Montana ; Mrs. Nancy Bradshaw, of LaBelle, Missouri; and Joel Garwood, of Butte City, Montana.
James W. Lamaster was 13 years old when his parents removed from the "Blue Grass State" to Knox Countv. Missouri. He re-
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ceived a fair common-school education, and learned lessons in thrift and economy in the rigorous farm life of his early manhood. His youth was passed amid the exciting events of the Civil War, but he was too young to enter the service. He remained at home until 1869, and then resolved to take advantage of the cheap lands then obtainable in Southeastern Kansas. Arriving in Cherokee County in May, he soon found a suitable location, as noted above, and began the arduous task of building a home in a new country. His first entry was a quarter section of the "Joy lands," to which he later added 150 acres of "treaty-right" land in sec- tion 29, 40 acres in section 21 and 40 acres in section 27, adjoining his home place, making in all 390 acres, all in township 33, range 22.
As he looks out upon his broad acres at the present time, his mind reverts to the period when the surrounding country was nothing but unimproved prairie, with neighbors many miles away, the nearest trading points being Columbus, Chetopa and Oswego, — the first named place having at that time only a few small houses or huts. But strong in the faith that out of these seemingly desert lands would come fertile and productive farms (for it was at one time thought that the Western prairies were barren), he worked away, breaking land for his neighbors as well as for himself, plant- ing fruit and shade trees and adding one im- provement after another as he had the means, and finding himself a little in advance every year. When he came to the county he had only a team and about $200. His first habitation was a frame box-house one story high, and 12 by 14 feet in size, with two doors and one window. This continued to be his home until 19 years ago, when he built his present commo- dious and substantial frame dwelling. For a good many years Mr. Lamaster kept bachelor's hall in the primitive house mentioned. For six years he ran a prairie team, making trips
to and from Columbus with oxen. At first he had very poor crops, the failures being caused by severe droughts and grasshopper raids. Probably the most discouraging year was when myriads of grasshoppers attacked his 40-acre wheat field, and destroyed every blade, as well as nearly everything green on the farm.
Mr. Lamaster married rather late in life, waiting until he had accumulated considerable property and was well established in business. In 1 88 1 he was united in marriage with Elzada Thompson, who was born near Indianapolis, Indiana, September 18, 1859, and is a daugh- ter of Adam and Zella Agnes (Bursott) Thompson, natives of Kentucky and Indiana, respectively. One daughter, Zella May, was born to this marrige, December 28, 1882. Mr. Lamaster has been a great worker in the Chris- tian Church, and a fast friend of education. He has at various times served on the School Board. He votes with the Populist party, al- though he cares little for politics. Mr. Lamas- ter has been a member of the A. H. T. A. and the Land League of the settlers. He is a gen- tleman whom all unite in greeting with warm expressions of esteem.
AMES N. DODSON, city treasurer of Weir City, and one of its prominent citizens and substantial business men. was born in Johnson County, Mis- souri, in 1855, and is a son of William and Sarah (Farris) Dodson.
William Dodson was born in 1813 on the site of the city of St. Louis, Missouri, when it was but a little collection of log houses, inhab- ited chiefly by French traders. He learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed in connec- tion with farming all his active life. His first removal was to Howard County. Missouri, thence to Johnson County and later, in 1859,
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to Henry County, where he located in the vicin- ity of Calhoun. His death took place at Lewis Station, Henry County, September 20, 1879, at the age of 66 years. In political views, he was in accord with the Republican party. Wil- liam Dodson was twice married, the two chil- dren of his first union being, — Mary, who is a resident of Joplin, Missouri; and Henry, who resides at Bartlesville, Indian Territory. Henry Dodson enlisted in the Civil War in 1861, en- tering the 7th Regiment, Missouri Vol. Cav., as a private, and rose successively to the rank of 2nd lieutenant, 1st lieutenant and captain. He has been a prominent figure in political life, and served two years as sheriff of Henry County, Missouri, and two years as sheriff of Butler County, Kansas. The second marriage of William Dodson was to Sarah Farris, who was born in Missouri in 1828, and died Sep- tember 5, 1893. Their surviving children are as follows: John T., of Joplin, Missouri; Martin F., of Seattle, Washington; James N. ; Nealia, of Lowry City, Missouri; Charles J., of Pittsburg, Kansas ; Jennie, of Weir City, Kansas ; and Robert, of Lowry City, Missouri. James N. Dodson was four years old when his parents moved to Henry County, Missouri, and settled on a farm, and he assisted in its cultivation until he was 22 years of age. Then he began to work in the coal mines of Henry Count}', where he continued for 10 years. In 1880 he married and six years later moved with his family to Butler County, Kansas, and em- barked in mercantile pursuits at Leon. Two years later he moved his family and stock of goods to Bennetts, Arkansas. Mr. Dodson car- ried on his store in connection with the butch- ering business, from November, 1887, to May, 1888, when he moved to Huntington, Arkansas. There he remained from May to August 1, 1 888, and then settled at Weir City. Mr. Dod- son worked in the coal mines at Weir City, that
being the leading industry, until 1890, when he accepted a position in the general store of the Kansas & Texas Coal Company, at Weir City, beginning as a grocery clerk and through effi- ciency rising to the position of grocery mana- ger. He continued there until 1900, when he bought a half interest in the general store of the J. R. Crowe Coal & Mining Company at Columbus.
After this purchase, the stock was moved from Columbus to Stippville, Cherokee County, and the firm style became J. N. Dodson & Company, which was continued for two years. Then Mr. Dodson sold his interest in the busi- ness at Stippville to the J. R. Crowe Coal Com- pany, and entered into a mercantile venture at Weir City. In 1902 he purchased the store of B. S. Abbott. This store is one of the leading business establishments in the city, its manage- ment and operation reflecting great credit upon Mr. Dodson.
In 1880 Mr. Dodson was married, at Mont- rose, Missouri, to Mary Mahon, who was born in 1857 at Peoria, Illinois. They have a fam- ily of eight children, viz : John W., born at Lewis Station, Henry County, Missouri, who married Eva Pollock, of Scammon, Kansas, and has one child, — John James, born at Weir City, Kansas ; Winnie and Mary, born at Lewis Sta- tion ; Raymond, born in Butler County, Kan- sas; and Ella, William, Joseph and Irene, born at Weir City. The family attend the Catholic Church.
Mr. Dodson has been closely identified with the business interests and political affairs of Weir City for a number of years, and has fre- quently been honored by the Republican party, of which he is a stanch member, by election to responsible offices. He has been a very useful member of the School Board and the City Council, and at present is the city's capable treasurer. His fraternal associations are with
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the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Modern Woodmen of America. Mr. Dodson is a man who commands universal respect, and is a worthy representative of the city.
ON. W. R. COWLEY, general attor- ney of The Long-Bell Lumber Com- pany, which has its headquarters in Kansas City, Missouri, has been identified with this corporation since its incep- tion at Columbus, Kansas, in 1875. Mr. Cow- ley was born in Lincolnshire, England, in 1843, and was eight years old when he came to Amer- ica, accompanying his parents, who located at Hudson, Ohio, where both subsequently died.
Mr. Cowley attended the schools of Hud- son and Akron, Ohio, until the age of 16 years, when he entered the Christian College at Oska- loosa, Iowa, where he completed the literary course in 1868. His entrance into business was as a surveyor at Montezuma, Iowa, where he spent one year as surveyor of Poweshiek County, and then engaged, for two years, with the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company, platting and appraising lands for them in Western Iowa. He afterwards com- menced the study of law at Montezuma, and was admitted to the bar. Thereupon he located at once in Columbus, Kansas, where he entered into practice.
Prior to this, Mr. Cowley had made a fine war record for himself, first, as a member of the 84th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., under Col. Wil- liam Lawrence, who afterwards became Comp- troller of the United States Treasury. With this regiment he served four months on guard duty, along the Potomac River. He then re- turned to Iowa and enlisted in the 15th Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., under Col. W. W. Belknap, and served for two years, being honorably dis- charged without having suffered either wounds or imprisonment.
After locating in Columbus, Mr. Cowley went into partnership with the late Boyd Hutchinson, and later the firm of Cowley & Hampdon was formed ; still later, he was asso- ciated with M. V. B. Bennett. From January, 1879, to January, 1883, he served as county attorney for Cherokee County, but since 1883 he has given practically his whole time and at- tention to the affairs of The Long-Bell Lumber Company, traveling in their interests about 2,500 miles per month. He still retains his pleasant home in Columbus, where he and fam- ily have many agreeable social connections.
Mr. Cowley married Florence J. Smith, who was born at Oskaloosa, Iowa, and was one of his classmates at the Christian College. They have three sons and one daughter, viz : Fred- erick, Minnie, Lawrence L., and Clare J. Frederick, who was born in Iowa, is a fanner and stock-raiser of Cherokee County ; he served three years as a member of the State Sanitary Live Stock Commission, being the youngest member ever elected. Minnie is the wife of C. S. Huffman, of Columbus; Lawrence L.. who is a graduate of the Lawrence High School, the State University and the State Law School, is now an attorney at Perry, Oklahoma, and holds the position of territorial attorney for The Long-Bell Lumber Company, and general attorney for the Minnetonka Lumber Company. Clare J. graduated from the State University in June, 1904, just before coming of age, and will enter the lumber business, both he and his brother, Lawrence, being stockholders in the Minnetonka Lumber Company. All three of these young men possess the qualities and edu- cation which insure their future prominence.
Politically, Mr. Cowley is a Republican. Fraternally, he is connected with a number of the local orders, and formerly was active in G. A. R. affairs. He is a member of the Christian Church. On account of his being a represen- tative man of the section, and an orator of more
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than usual eloquence, he has frequently been chosen as the speaker for public occasions, and has made addresses at the Old Settlers' Reun- ions. His notable efforts were his Garfield and Sherman memorial addresses and his address at the first Decoration Day celebration at Co- lumbus.
ILLIAM ALEXANDER LAMAS- TER. In the subject of this sketch we have one of the pioneers of the county, who came here in the days when Cherokee County was a lusty infant, and who was present at many of the "first" events now related at the meetings of old settlers. Mr. Lamaster came to the county in 1870, and im- mediately located on the south half of the north- east quarter of section 28, township 33. range 22, in Lola township, a portion of the 440-acre tract he now owns. He is a native of the "Blue Grass State," born April 8, 1852, in Garrard County.
The early childhood of Mr. Lamaster was passed in his native county. When he was five years old. his parents moved to Knox Comity, Missouri, where he lived until he was 17 years old. There his father, Alexander W. Lamaster, who was a cooper by trade, and also a farmer by vocation, died in 1865, and there his mother, Mrs. Nancy (Lear) Lamaster, passed away at the age of 4S years. Nine children resulted from their union, as follows: Mrs. Elizabeth Haden. who came with her husband to Chero- kee County, and is now deceased ; Mrs. Sallie Starks, of Montana; James W., one of the prominent citizens and well-to-do farmers of Lola township ; Mrs. Zarelda Lewis, of Pony, Montana; Mrs. Edna Earl, of Lola township; William Alexander; Mrs. Katherine Lightfoot, of Deer Lodge, Montana ; Mrs. Nancy Brad- shaw, of LaBelle, Missouri; and Joel Garwood, of Butte Citv, Montana.
Mr. Lamaster came to Cherokee County in 1870, with a brother-in-law and sister, riding a horse the whole distance, and driving the cow behind the wagon ; his brother-in-law drove the team and Mr. Lamaster had to help the wagon up nearly all the hills. They were four weeks making the trip, and arrived here in October. It is unnecessary to go into details concerning the hardships encountered during those first years. No wonder the old settler looks with contemptuous pity on the farmer of this day, who complains of the difficulties encountered in improving the farm from its wild state. Surrounded with all the comforts of civiliza- tion, and with modern machinery to aid him in his work, there is a world of difference be- tween his condition and that of the farmer in the days when the county was first settled.
Mr. Lemaster joined his brother, James W., who had arrived here in the preceding May. and "bached" with him for some time. He located a claim in the "Joy lands." taking 160 acres in section 28, Lola township, where he has ever since lived. Later, he acquired the northeast quarter of section 22 and 120 acres in section 26, township 33. range 22. After living with his brother for one year. Mr. La- master built, on his 160-acre tract in section 28, a box house, one story high and 14 by 24 feet in size, divided into two rooms. This was the home to which he took his bride in 1875. and this continued to be his residence until about 1884, when he erected his present fine, frame house.
Mr. Lamaster and his brother entered vig- orously upon the work of preparing their land for cultivation, and broke all their own land, besides a good deal for their neighbors, at the same time exchanging work to a considerable extent with their fellow settlers. In the first winter he was here. Mr. Lamaster killed the first white prairie chicken he ever saw ; he never saw any after that winter. There were a few
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turkeys to be seen. The district abounded in deer, and at one time Mr. Lamaster saw 38 antelope in one drove. Chetopa, 12 miles away, was his trading point.
The subject of this sketch, immediately upon locating in Lola township, identified him- self with the interests of the section. He joined the Land League of the settlers, and was active in making it an effective organization. When the A. H. T. A. sprang into existence, he gave it hearty support. Of the township society of this association he has been president for the last 15 years. So faithful has he been, that last spring he was voted a gold badge for his long service. This association has been of great service to the citizens of the county in recover- ing stolen horses, and has sent many horse thieves to prison. In the days of the Farmers' Alliance, Mr. Lamaster was one of its enthu- siastic members. The promoters of schools and churches have always found him a ready helper. He helped to build the first log school house in Lola township, at Faulkner, and has served on the School Board in Lola township for 17 years, being now its treasurer. He for- merly supported the Democratic party, but of late years has voted the Populist ticket. For two years, he served as township treasurer. A member of the Christian Church, holding the office of deacon, that organization has found him a tower of strength not only in the early days, but also at the present time. He was one of the building committee, in company with William McKee and Rev. William King, on which fell the burden of building the present fine edifice of the Christian Church in Hallo- well.
On December jo, 1874, Mr. Lamaster was married to Susan Dunbar, who was born in Illinois, and is a daughter of Warder D. and Louisa (Narden) Dunbar. To them were born a son and a daughter, namely : Ernest, who lives at home ; and Tennie May, who is the wife
of Philip Oglesby, of Lola township, and the mother of two daughters, — Letha and an in- fant.
N. DUNBAR, an attorney-at-law of Columbus, and the owner of a finely- improved farm of 80 acres in Chero- kee County, adjoining the city, was Lorn in 1866, near Prairie City, McDonough County, Illinois, and is a son of Warder D. and Louisa (Narden) Dunbar.
Warder D. Dunbar was born in Kentucky, but went to Illinois in young manhood. His death occurred about 26 years ago, in Cherokee County, Kansas, whither he had removed in 1869; his widow died about 18 years ago. He was twice married and the children of his first marriage, all now deceased, were : Elihu and William, who lived for a time in Cherokee County, and Cynthia and Geneva, both of whom left families. The subject of this sketch is one of six children born to the second mar- riage, all of whom came to Cherokee County, and one, Lucy, died at the age of 16 years, the others, exclusive of J. N., are: Waller C, who is a farmer in the Indian Territory; Susan, a twin of Waller C, who is the wife of William A. Lamaster, of Cherokee County; Joanna L., who is the widow of Edward Braer- ton, of Parsons, Kansas; and David, who is a farmer on the home farm in Lola township.
J. N. Dunbar was an infant when he was brought into Cherokee County, and has never found any other section more attractive. He attended the public schools and the graded schools at Columbus, and also took a business course at Sedalia, Missouri. He then taught for a season, preparatory to settling down to the study of the law. He remained in the office of Frederick Basom, at Columbus, for five months, and then went to Galena and entered the office of W. F. Sapp. In April, 1892, he
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was admitted to the bar. He began the prac- tice of his profession at Columbus, being asso- ciated with C. A. McNeill for about two years, and was then put forward as the Populist candi- date for county attorney. His opponent was Mr. McNeill, and their partnership was dis- v >hed when they were nominated. Mr. Mc- Neill was elected to the office. From 1896 to 1898 Mr. Dunbar was in partnership with W. J. Moore. After practicing alone with much success for two years, he again became a candi- date for county attorney. He was elected in 1900 on the Fusion ticket, and after serving through 1901 and 1902. refused a nomination for further, honors. He has well located offices in the Opera House Block. His reputation is that of an able advocate and wise counsellor.
On April 23, 1893. Mr. Dunbar was mar- ried, in the Indian Territory, to Dradie Mc- Phail, originally from Tennessee, and they have three children, — Noel, Clara E. and J. Owen.
Politically, Mr. Dunbar is in sympathy with the Populist party, and is one of its influential leaders. Fraternally, he is a member of the Knights of Pythias of Columbus, and the A. H. T. A. In religious views he is liberal, but was reared in the Adventist Church. His wife is a Methodist.
WILBUR LOGAN, of the Logan Ab- stract & Loan Company, a leading loan, real estate, abstract and insur- ance institution of Columbus, was born in Washington County, Illinois, in 1863, and is a son of the late A. A. and Lucinda (Brakebill) Logan.
The parents of Mr. Logan removed in 1866 to Labette County, Kansas, where the father bought a farm in the vicinity of Oswego, and there both parents died in 1873, aged 45 and 41 years, respectively. They had six children, of whom but the subject of this sketch and two
sisters, who reside at Wichita, Kansas, are the only survivors.
Mr. Logan attended the public schools, and spent three years in the Fort Scott Normal School, having borrowed funds in order to com- plete his education. When about 19 years of age he served an apprenticeship in a grocery store at Fort Scott, and later engaged in the grocery business at Wichita, where he located in 1887. In 1890 he came to Columbus and en- gaged in the abstract, loan and real estate busi- ness, in which he has met with the greatest suc- cess, his profits enabling him first to clear off a previous indebtedness of $1,000, and then to invest in land which has proven rich in gas and oil. In 1903 the Logan Abstract & Loan Com- pany was formed, the partners being J. Wilbur Logan and Commodore F. Cool. In 1900 Mr. Logan built the structure in which this business is now located, — a commodious building front- ing on Maple avenue. It is partly occupied by a grocer)' store and the remainder is given up to offices, all of which have been fitted up in modern style. Mr. Logan has prospered greatly since establishing himself at Columbus, and must be reckoned with the substantial men of Cherokee County.
Mr. Logan owns 160 acres near Chanute, in the celebrated oil and gas region, and is presi- dent of the Inter-State Mineral. Oil & Gas Company, of Columbus and Chanute, Kansas. The stock of this company is owned mainly by Columbus men. The company was organized February 14, 1904, and was incorporated under the laws of Arizona, with a capital of $500,000. divided into 500,000 shares, at a par value of $1 each.
The officers of the Inter-State Mineral, Oil & Gas Company are: J. Wilbur Logan, presi- dent ; George W. Rains, a mine operator at Galena, vice-president ; J. M. McNay, of Co- lumbus, secretary and general manager; W. M. Barbee, of Chanute. Kansas, treasurer; A. A.
JOHN T. FUDGE
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Goddard, ex-attorney general of Kansas and a prominent banker of Topeka, attorney; and J. W. Clayton, of Wichita, director. The land which this company controls, under lease from Mr. Logan, the owner, is situated in the heart of what is known as the "west field," near Cha- nute. Every indication points to the immediate success of this enterprise, the field being rich and the capital and brains of its promoters being plentiful.
Mr. Logan married May Nichols, who was born in Illinois and accompanied her parents to Labette County, Kansas, in the early "sev- enties." They have five children, namely: John, born in Wichita, a graduate of the city schools ; Combs ; Carmin ; Carl ; and a baby girl. All were born at Columbus. The family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Politically, Mr. Logan is a Republican. He has served six years as a member of the Board of Education and has taken a public spirited interest in civic affairs. Fraternally, he belongs to the Masons. Knights of Pythias, Modern Woodmen of America, Anti-Horse Thief Asso- ciation and the Sons and Daughters of Justice.
OHN T. FUDGE, senior member of the milling firm of Fudge & Thomas, of Columbus, Kansas, whose portrait is shown on the opposite page, may justly claim to be one of the pioneer settlers of this region, having first located here in 1870. Mr. Fudge was born March 30, 1837, near Abingdon, Virginia, and is a son of Jacob and Jane (See) Fudge.
Jacob Fudge and his wife were born in Washington County, Virginia. The father lived there until he reached the age of 40 years, when he moved to Iowa. He was engaged in farming throughout his active life, and died in Nebraska, aged 87 years. His wife died in
Iowa, aged -,■/ years. Of their five children, John T. is the eldest, the others being James, of Iowa; Elizabeth, deceased; Mrs. Eliza Stinson, of Montana; and Mrs. Ella Markey, of Iowa.
John T. Fudge was 10 years old when his parents moved to Jasper County, Iowa, and he first gazed on the beautiful rolling prairies of the West. He continued to assist on the home farm until he was 20 years of age, and then decided to learn the milling business. He re- mained four years with Miller Dix, and then determined to locate in Kansas. He conveyed his family and household possessions with a single team, a journey which probably none of the family will ever forget. He secured work with Macon, Krell & Crowell, at Columbus, where there were half a dozen houses, and con- tinued as miller in that mill, under several managements, until 1875. He then purchased a sawmill three miles above Oswego. This he operated for two years, when he sold it and went to Carthage, Missouri, where he was en- gaged in milling for a year. After about four years, during which he worked for different parties, he went to Smithfield, Missouri, where conducted a mill two years for a Mr. Smith, and then removed to Columbus. After being in the employ of W. B. Eddy for a short time, he purchased a mill and operated it alone until he admitted his son-in-law, W. H. Thomas, into partnership; the firm name now is Fudge & Thomas. This firm now owns the largest and best equipped mill in the county, and the largest elevator. Its members have a fine out- look, and have been in the business so long that they have the full confidence of the public in the excellent quality of their output.
In 1857 Mr. Fudge was married, in Town, to Mary K. Henderson, who was born June 30, 1842, and is a daughter of William and Martha (Patterson) Henderson, who were born in Ohio. The only daughter of this mar-
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riage, Martha Jane, married W. H. Thomas, and they have three children, — Esther, Eugene and Robert. Mr. Fudge is a Presbyterian, and one of the trustees of the church at Columbus. Politically, he is an active member of the Dem- ocratic party, and still holds his position on the Democratic County Central Committee, as he has done for the past 10 years.
Mr. Fudge is a self-made man, and his suc- cess is but another example of the value of industry, sobriety and sterling honesty. His ample fortune has been made legitimately, but not easily, and it is very probable that the bit of advice he would give a seeker after his secret would be, "find out what you are best fitted for, and then keep right at it."
LMORE ROBERT PATTYSON, register of deeds for Cherokee County, and one of the valued resi- dents of Columbus, was born June 13, 1850, in Cattaraugus County, New York, and is a son of Philonas and Orilla (Markham) Pattyson.
Philonas Pattyson died at Columbus, Kan- sas, March 21, 1904, aged 81 years, two months and 15 days. His wife passed away in 1887, aged 62 years. Both were natives of Allegany County, New York. During his earlier years Philonas Pattyson had been a teacher, and through his entire life he was more or less interested in educational matters, serv- ing in the office of the superintendent of pub- lic instruction in New York, and during 1869 and 1870 he was a member of the hoard of examiners for teachers in Cherokee County. For some years be was successfully engaged in the oil business in Pennsylvania. In October, 1867. he came to Kansas to establish a perma- nent home. He bought a "treaty-right" farm in Pleasant View township, and resided upon it
until within a year of his death. His family consisted of three sons : Elmore Robert ; El- bridge W., who died in 1859, aged 15 months; and Maynard I., born April 26, 1846, who died November 15, 1864.
The subject of this sketch was 17 years old when he accompanied his parents to Cherokee County, Kansas, and followed farming and school teaching after completing his education. He has since been a continuous resident of the county, and during the past 20 years has been in the abstract business, and much of the time connected with the office of register of deeds. For four years he was a resident of Scammon. employed as bookkeeper, and interested in the coal mines there. In November, 1902, he was elected register of deeds by the Republican party, of which he has been a very active member for years. His long connection with this office as deputy made him so intimately acquainted with the demands of the situation that scarcely any one could be found better qualified.
On June 20, 1868, Mr. Pattyson married Addie M. Scott, of Pleasant View township. Cherokee County, Kansas, formerly of New York. They have four children, namely : May. Maynard A., Arthur E., and Roscoe H. May. born May 27, 1869, is the wife of George H. Hurst ; she has two children, — Robert and Addie, — and resides at Scammon, where Mr. Hurst is interested in the mines. Maynard A., born November 15, 1871, resides at Scammon, where he is interested in mining and is also proprietor of the "Racket" store; he married Agnes Gore and has a daughter, Irene, aged three years. Arthur E., deputy register of deeds in his father's office, was born September 23- 1&79- and resides at home. Roscoe H.. born June 27, 1886, is a student in the Colum- bus schools.
Mr. Pattyson's fraternal associations in- clude Masonry in its higher branches, — the Blue Lodge and Royal Arch Chapters at
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Columbus ; Galena Commandery, No. 46, Knights Templar, and 33d degree Scottish Rite, Fort Scott Consistory, Wichita Council, and Shrine at Leavenworth. He is also a mem- ber of the Odd Fellows Lodge and Encamp- ment at Columbus; the Knights of Pythias, of Columbus; and the Sons and Daughters of Justice, also of Columbus. Mr. Pattyson is now president of the Old Settlers' Association of Cherokee County, after serving some years as its secretary. In religious life he is a Baptist.
RCENITH F. WALKER, one of the prominent retired farmers of Neosho township, Cherokee County, who owns a well improved farm of 80 acres in section 12, township 34, range 22, was born in Madison County, Illinois, January n, 1845, and >s a son of Elijah and Charity (Dove) Walker.
The father of our subject was a farmer in Illinois for, a number of years. During the gold excitement in California, in 1850, he made the overland trip to the mining regions, but never returned, his death taking place there when our subject was six years old. The mother of Arcenith F. Walker was born in Virginia, went then to Tennessee and from there to Illinois, and her death took place at Colum- bus, Kansas, when in her 74th year. The children of Elijah and Charity (Dove) Walker were: Mrs. Mary Morrisey, of Illinois; Cleo- patra, of California; John, of Wichita, Kan- sas; Arcenith F., of this sketch; Mrs. Lucetta Burke, of Columbus; and Mrs. Zanetta Ells- worth, of Columbus.
Mr, Walker remained on the home farm in Illinois until he was 16 years of age and then enlisted for service in the Civil War, one of the youngest soldiers to offer his loyal services to his country at that unhappy time. He entered
Company K, 10th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., under Col. James D. Morgan, served three years and received an honorable discharge on August 24, 1864. He participated in many severe battles and served in the Atlanta cam- paign and in the Army of the Cumberland un- der General Thomas.
After his return from the army, Mr. Walker resumed farming in Madison County, Illinois, and after a short residence in Mis- souri and Michigan, came in 1867 to Chero- kee County, Kansas, driving the whole dis- tance. Here he secured 160 acres of wild land on which he erected a box house 12 by 14 feet in dimensions and lived there until he had broken 50 acres, when he sold the property to advantage and removed to his present farm in Neosho township. As there was no house here, the family camped out until one was built. Mr. Walker worked, very hard on this place, which shows the results in its good improvements, fine cultivation and general air of comfort and thrift. With his own hands he set out the beautiful walnut grove and made all the other improvements which converted it into a com- fortable home. This property he now rents, having retired from active farming operations.
On November 15, 1864, Mr. Walker was married to Lucinda A. LeGrand, who was born in St. Clair County, Illinois, June 19, 1847. and they had nine children : John, of Lyon township; Mrs. Jennie Newton, deceased; Ed- ward, of Lola township ; William, of Lyon township; Stephen L., an attorney at Colum- bus, who is represented in this volume; Daniel A., a dentist at McCune, Crawford County; Frederick A., an attorney at Weir City; Rich- ard, a student in the County High School; and Myrtle, who died at the age of one and a half years.
Politically Mr. Walker is a Republican. He is a valued member of the Grand Army of the Republic. He is one of the men of whom their
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fellow citizens speak with respect and esteem. While his life in this section has been one of much toil, he has accumulated a competency which permits him, while little past middle life, to enjoy its fruits.
OBERT ALEXANDER LONG, a prominent figure in the lumber circles of the West, is an esteemed resident of Kansas City, Missouri, to which city he removed from Columbus. Cherokee County, Kansas, when the general offices of The Long-Bell Lumber Company, of which he is president, were moved from Columbus to Kansas City. He was born in Shelby County. Kentucky, in 1850. That was the beginning of a life which has grown into strength, uni- formly but surely, until the man is a marvel tu those who have watched him through the successive stages of his progress. Endowed by nature with a noble heart and a keen insight into the relation of his environment, he has passed in the achievement of his purposes from point to point so quietly and so unobservedly as to excite but little notice outside of the business circles in which he has moved.
Thirty years ago Mr. Long came to Kansas, a young man possessing no capital but his indomitable courage, his unvarying uprightness of purpose and his disposition always kindly to consider the rights and interests of others. He began as a retail lumber merchant, in a very humble and always unpretentious way, in the town of Columbus, then a mere village. Through industry and fair dealing he rose gradually in the business and early brought about the necessity for its enlargement. It was in these years that he laid the foundation for one of the greatest enterprises that the business community of the whole country now knows. The Long-Bell Lumber Company, of which
Mr. Long is the president, had its beginning 29 years ago in the town of Columbus, where the headquarters were located until about 13 years ago, when the general offices were moved to Kansas City, Missouri, on account of the greatly enlarged business. The company now owns property valued as follows : Timber lands. $2,353,529.82; coal lands, $236,232.47; milling plants, $786,777.65 ; coal mining plants, $101,821.22; retail yard plants, $147,827.34; railway equipments, $490,498.00; lumber, $964,010.95; general merchandise stores, $102,943.24; houses and improvements, $204,- 443.21 ; accounts receivable, $937,010.41 ; cash and sundry investments. $521,148.46, all ag- gregating $6,845,242.77. The average daily sales of the company amount to $23,000.75 ; and the total sales for the year 1903 were $7,199,237.25. Besides being president of The Long-Bell Lumber Company, Mr. Long is president of The Rapides Lumber Company, of Woodworth, Louisiana ; The King-Ryder Lumber Company, of Bonami, Louisiana; The Hudson River Company, of DeRidder, Louis- iana ; The Globe Lumber Company, of Yellow Pine, Louisiana ; The Minnetonka Lumber Company ; The Fidelity Land & Improvement Company, and the Fidelity Fuel Company, as also of the Long-Bell railway system. He is as well a large stockholder in The Weed Lumber Company, of Weed, California, and also owns large interests in coal lands in Cherokee County, Kansas.
Mr. Long, although a man whose business takes almost his entire attention, ever finds time to consider the appeals of the poor and the needy ; he is identified in many efforts to better the moral and religious, as well as the physical, conditions of those about him. He has given largely to the Christian Church, of which he is an active member. Mr. Long's family consists of himself, his wife and two grown daughters. They live on Independence avenue, Kansas
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City, Missouri, where they have one of the most comfortable homes in the city.
The sketch of Mr. Long's character and achievements is given here for the reason that he was so long and so earnestly identified with the city of Columbus and Cherokee County. It is felt by the editor that a history of the county, if Mr. Long were not given prominent mention, would be, to the extent of the omis- sion, neglectful of much that entered into the material and moral upbuilding of the com- munity ; and the fitness of the sketch is further considered from the fact that Mr. Long is yet largely interested in the county and always feels concerned for the welfare of the people.
S. BOWMAN. The subject of this sketch was born in McDonough County, Illinois, August 6, 1864. Both his parents died before he was four years old. When he grew to proper age, he attended the country school two or three months in the winter season of each year, and worked on a farm the rest of the time. At the age of 16, the boy started out into the world, wholly dependent upon his own exertions for a living. He had no money and only about a sixth-grade education, but he went to work on a farm, saved up his meager earnings and went to school at Champaign, Illinois. After being there a year, he found it necessary to go back to the farm to earn money enough to enable him to attend the school through another yearly term. He did so, and at the end of the term he secured a teacher's certificate. After that he taught school and attended school, alternately. Mr. Bowman came to Kansas in 1884, and the following year to Cherokee County, where he has been connected with educational work- ever since, with one or two brief intervals. He taught a number of terms in the country dis-
tricts, the first being in District No. 84. Fn mi the country schools he went to the city schools of Galena, then to Lowell, and afterward to Baxter Springs. He also taught in the schools at Weir City; and when the Cherokee County High School was established, in 1900, the board of trustees elected him to take charge of it. The building was not yet completed. He organ- ized the school in one of the buildings of the city schools of Columbus, which was used for about three months, when the school was moved into the County High School Building. He has continued as the principal of the County High School ever since it was first opened, and at the last meeting of the board he was elected for the coming year.
Considering the hardships through which he passed in childhood and the struggles he had during his early manhood, and that he se- cured his education wholly through his own efforts, Mr. Bowman may be considered a self-made man. He overcame many obstacles which would have discouraged nearly any one of a less determined nature.
In 1886 Mr. Bowman was married to Dora E. Adams, daughter of A. H. Adams, of Cher- okee County.
ENJAMIN SUIT ABBOTT, a coal operator and merchant at Weir City, and one of the ex-mayors of the city, was torn in 1S55 in Indiana, and is a son of Benjamin and Catherine ( Suit ) Abbott.
The parents of Mr. Abbott were born in what is now West Virginia, the father in 1S03, and the mother in 1813, and both died in In- diana, the former in 1865, and the latter in 1876. The subject of this sketch is the young- est of their four children, the only other sur- vivor being Virginia, who was born in Indiana, where she married Dr. T. W. Curry, and has
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one child, Idelle. Benjamin Abbott was a son of Benjamin Abbott, who was born in Scot- land, and was a son of Thomas Abbott. Both the grandfather and the great-grandfather of our subject were Presbyterian preachers and spent their lives in what is now West Virginia.
Benjamin Suit Abbott grew to manhood on a farm in Indiana, where he remained until 1877, when the home was broken up by the death of his mother, and he went to Arkansas. There he worked on a railroad until 1879, when he came to Columbus, Kansas. Here he was engaged in clerking for four years in a hard- ware store, and then went into a venture of his own. at McCune, Crawford County, under the firm name of Crewsen & Abbott. This con- tinued until 1886, when he settled at Weir City and embarked in the general mercantile busi- ness, giving his establishment the name of the "Blue Front." Here Mr. Abbott, through his energy and enterprise, prospered greatly for some years, in the meantime building a number of business houses and taking an active part in promoting the prosperity and good name of the city. In 1888 he formed the firm of Abbott & Crowe, hardware merchants. He later sold his interest in this business and in 1893 estab- lished a hardware store at Scammon, which he conducted until 1896, when he sold out there. He continued his general merchandise store in Weir City until 1903, when he disposed of his interest in that. He is one of the city's large and successful coal operators, a wholesale dealer and owns a number of coal shafts and a large amount of land through Cherokee township and the county, having fully 50 men in his employ.
In 1883 Mr. Abbott was married to Mary C. Crowe, who is a daughter of David Crowe, and they have two children : Nellie, born at McCune, Kansas; and Vida, born at Weir City.
Mr. Abbott is a prominent politician of this section and has been honored by his party on numerous occasions. He has served in the City
Council, and has twice been mayor of Weir City. He is a member of the Knights of Py- thias and the Ancient Order of United Work- men, and has held official positions in both bodies. He holds a place among the represen- tative men of Weir City and Cherokee County.
EORGE W. CANFIELD. The name which we are here permitted to pre- sent will probably be recognized by more people in Cherokee County than most others mentioned in this volume, owing to the fact that Mr. Canfield has been a resident of the county continuously since the year 1 866. In that year he located on 160 acres in section 8, township 33, range 22, in Lola township, which now comprises a part of the splendid farm which he has developed from the wild prairie. Mr. Canfield is a New Yorker, having been born at Willetstown (now Willet), Cort- land County, December 8, 1842.
Mr. Canfield' s parents removed to French Creek, Chautauqua County, New York, when he was two years of age, and there he passed the time until he attained his majority. At the age of 23 years he left home, and after spend- ing the winter of 1865 in Winnebago County, Illinois, came to Cherokee County, Kansas. He arrived in the county before the ratification of the treaty with the Indians and, of course, before there was any county organization. It is not easy at this date to realize the wild state of the County at that time, with Kansas City the nearest railroad point, and Fort Scott the nearest trading center. Wild game was abund- ant, Indians were all about, and the country was full of vicious white men, who had been members of guerrilla bands during the war.
Mr. Canfield had come to stay, however, and although without means he started to build himself a home. He purchased a log cabin
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built by the Osage Indians, and moved it onto his claim, and that was his home until he built a better one. A team, a few household goods, $5 in money and a good wife at this time con- stituted his possessions. With the aid of his team, he got a start by hauling goods from Kansas City to Fort Scott during the summer, receiving $10 for each load. He also brought cattle from Missouri, being paid for his time at the rate of $1 per day. In the meanwhile, at odd times he broke several acres of his land, an area not much larger than a good-sized garden spot, but enough to raise a few necessa- ries, and these, together with wild game, and the few groceries he secured by hauling, carried the family through the first winter. Fortune began to shine on him, however, and it was not many years until he was looked upon as one of the solid men of the county. In time he added another 80 acres to his farm, and he now has 240 acres in sections 7 and 8 under cultivation and well fenced. There is a fine orchard of 10 acres, and there are many fine shade trees on the farm, all of his planting. An addition was made to the old Indian cabin, which was finally replaced by a large farm house. Mr. Canfield is well equipped for general farming, having one of the largest barns in the county, and every necessary piece of machinery.
George W. Canfield is a son of Lewis D. and Harriet (Hiding) Canfield. The father was a native of Otsego County, New York, and was born in 1812. He was a farmer and miller, and spent his life in his native State, engaged in these occupations. He was successful in busi- ness, and was prominent and influential in the affairs of his day. He was a Whig in politics, and an Abolitionist, on the slavery question. His religious views were those of the Free Will Baptist Church. He spent a long and useful life, dying at the age of 72 years. The Can- fields are of English descent. George W. Can- field's grandfather, Abraham Canfield, removed
from New England, and settled on a farm of 640 acres in Willet, where he reared a fam- ily of three sons and as many daughters. He was a Universalist in religion, and a Whig in politics.
Lewis D. Canfield's wife was born in New York in 181 6, and was a daughter of Rev. Daniel Hiding, who was for 35 years a minister of the Free Will Baptist Church in Western New York. The latter part of his ministry was in Chautauqua County. His wife, Eliza- beth, survived him a long time, dying at the remarkable age of 102 years.
To Lewis D. Canfield and wife four chil- dren were born, namely : Mrs. Lydia Peet, who died when 36 years of age ; Julia, who died at the age of 20 years ; George W. ; and Harris A., who become a physician, and is residing in Bradford, Pennsylvania. There was one child by a second marriage of the father, namely : William, a lecturer by occupation, who lives in Oil City, Pennsylvania.
The wife of George W. Canfield's youth, whom lie married in Illinois, was Theressa Hiding. She died in Cherokee County, at the age of 30 years, leaving two children, — Lewis D. and Harris. Lewis D., born August 31, 1866, is a farmer of Lola township and has two children, — Theressa and Margaret. Harris resides with his father. Their mother was a daughter of Rev. Louis and Olive Hiding, the former an early pioneer. It is said that Rev. Mr. Hiding preached one of the first sermons in the county, at River Bottom, in the spring ot 1866. Mr. Canfield's present wife was Amanda A. Bowman. She is a native of Indiana, born in 1857, and is a daughter of Henry and Eliza- beth Bowman. All of her nine children are living at home. They are as follows : Madella, Mamie, George, Jay, Clair, Edward, Edna, Alba and Marvin.
As before stated, Mr. Canfield has always been prominent in the affairs of Cherokee
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
County. He was active in the organization of the county and township, and served in differ- ent minor offices. He was for 17 years a jus- tice of the peace in Lola township. Formerly a Republican, he cast his last vote in that party for James G. Blaine. In the breaking up of party lines which followed this contest, Mr. Canfield espoused the Populist cause, and has since been prominently identified with its his- tory. He was a delegate to the recent national convention at Cincinnati, and to the Topeka convention. He is a member of, and helped to organize, the A. H. T. A. In educational mat- ters he has ever been helpful, aiding in the building of the first school house in the county. The foregoing sketch will serve to acquaint the reader with the salient facts in the career of one of Cherokee County's best citizens, a gentleman whose life has been wholly honor- able, and whom all hold in the highest esteem.
OHN EISENHART, deceased, an old settler of Mineral township and well known contractor of Scammon, was born in 1835 in Pennsylvania, where he lived until he grew to manhood. Before taking up the trade of a stone-mason, he learned that of a tanner, which he followed for three years.
He was married in 1859 to Catherine Rus- seller, a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Kah- ler) Russeller, of Pennsylvania, and thereafter went to Ohio, where he was engaged in mining in the coal fields for seven years. About this time he decided to go West and try his fortunes in the new country, and with his family he moved to Texas, and there followed his trade of stone-mason. Three years later, 1880, found him settled in a place called Stillson, near Scam- mon, Cherokee County, Kansas, this being some time before Scammon was laid out.
During the period of his residence in Kan- sas, Mr. Eisenhart worked at his trade, and in his later years finished many ' ~ts,
employing at one time as many < u. ^ie
also invested in town property *us invest-
ments each time turned out succesrrully.
Mr. Eisenhart came to Scamnion without a dollar, but his perseverance and honesty brought him not only esteem, but prosperity, and an income which yielded many comforts, not the least of which was a nice home. He died August 16, 1904, and was buried under the auspices of the I. O. O. F. lodge of Scammon. A wife and four children are left to mourn his loss. Mary, the eldest of the children, was born in Pennsylvania, and mar- ried Amos Vieweg; she has six children, — Kate, Bessie, Anna, Mary, Novella and John A. John, the second child, born in Pennsyl- vania, married Nettie Young, and has two chil- dren,— Vera and John. Ellsworth, born in Ohio, married Nellie Horn, and has one child, — Beatrice. Charles, born in Ohio, is unmarried. Two children died in infancy, viz : William Henry and Ulysses Grant.
Mr. Eisenhart's parents were natives of Pennsylvania. The father, Jonas Eisenhart. a farmer, died there at the age of y2 years, and the mother, Polly (Geist) Eisenhart, died at the age of 58 years. They were the parents of an unusually large family, which consisted of nine boys and nine girls. Fourteen of them lived to a marriageable age. Six only are now living, namely: William, Daniel, Gabriel, Lewis, Emanuel and Mary.
Mr. Eisenhart was independent, in politics, his vote being given to the best man. The esteem in which he was held by his friends and neighbors is shown by the fact that, for years, he was trustee of Mineral township and was serving his second term as city treasurer of Scammon, at the time of his death.
Although a volunteer, in 1861, in the Penn-
E. M. TRACEWELL
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sylvania State Militia, he saw no active service. He was, however, a stanch Union man, and during the war served the cause in many ways.
Scammon and Cherokee County owe much to the solid, industrious class represented by Mr. Eisenhart. No drought has been so severe as to dry up their enthusiasm for their, section, and their faith in it, nor has any season been so wet as to dampen their ardor.
The subject of this sketch has gone to his reward, following many of his early associates in this region, but others are coming forward to take up their unfinished tasks, and emulate the worthy example shining forth from Mr. Eisen- hart's civic career, and from the lives of his de- parted colaborers in promoting the prosperity of their community
M. TRACEWELL, senior, member of the well known law firm of Trace- well & Moore, at Columbus, whose portrait is presented on the opposite page, has been a resident of Cherokee County since the spring of 1882. He was born at Park- ersburg, Virginia, now West Virginia, in 1847, and is a son of W. N. and L. V. (Brown) Tracewell.
W. N. Tracewell was also born at Parkers- burg, where for some years he was an attorney. In 1853 he removed to Indiana, and was en- gaged there in the practice of his profession until shortly before his death, which took place while on a visit in Washington, D. C, April 19, 1898. E. M. Tracewell's only brother, Robert J. Tracewell, has been Comptroller of the United States Treasury, at Washington, D. C, since 1897.
E. M. Tracewell was reared in Indiana, and studied law at the State University at Bloom- ington during 1866-67-68. He was admitted to the bar at Corydon, Indiana, in March, 1869. After 12 years of active practice at Leaven-
18
worth, Indiana, Mr. Tracewell came to Colum- bus, Cherokee County, in 1882, where he has continued in his profession ever since. He was first associated with the late Colonel Hallowed, United States District Attorney, later, with T. P. Anderson, now of Kansas City, and since February, 1901, he has been a partner of W. J. Moore. Mr. Tracewell has quietly and indus- triously pursued his profession, taking part in much of the county's important litigation, and meeting with the success which results from honest effort and a profound knowledge of the law. He commands the respect of the officers of the court, and entertains cordial relations with other members of the Cherokee County Bar.
Mr. Tracewell was first married, in Indiana, to Laura E. Lane, who died there in 1878, leaving three children, namely: W. N., who is employed in the Post Office Department at Washington, D. C. ; John E., who has been in a clerical position at Denver for the past four years; and Nellie, who is at home. In 1887 Mr. Tracewell was married, in Kansas, to Alice M. Greene, of Newport, Ohio, and they have a family of four daughters and two sons, namely: Grace G., Vallie G., Katherine, Thane, Edward M. and Lucy. The children have been reared in the faith of the Baptist Church, of which Mrs. Tracewell is a consis- tent member.
Mr. Tracewell is fraternally associated with the Knights of Pythias, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Modern Woodmen of America, Knights and Ladies of Security, and Sons and Daughters of Justice.
ILTON R. STEWARD, president of the Columbus Vitrified Brick & Tile Company, vice-president of the Columbus State Bank, and identified with many of the successful business
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
enterprises of Cherokee County, was born in Salem County, New Jersey, in 1853.
Mr. Steward comes of an agricultural line of ancestors, of Irish and Welsh extraction, and on the maternal side they were Quakers. In 1855 his P<irents moved to Macoupin County, Illinois, settled on a farm and passed the re- mainder of their lives there, the mother dying in 1894, and the father passing away about two years later. The three survivors of their family of children are: Milton R. ; B. F., of Columbus; and W. H., an attorney living at Carlinville, Illinois.
The subject of this sketch remained at home until 1868, when he went to Neosho, Missouri, where he was engaged in clerking until 1873. when he returned to Macoupin County, Illinois, and engaged in business for himself. Later, he and his brother established a store at Red Oak, Iowa, which they removed to Columbus, Kan- sas, in 1883. Here for 20 years Mr. Steward was interested in a large dry goods, boot, shoe and clothing concern, which was conducted
ler the firm style of Steward Brothers.
The Columbus Vitrified Brick & Tile Com- 1 • was incorporated in February, 1903, with t e following officers: Milton R. Steward, president; William Hoffmire, vice-president; Philip C. Metzler, manager; E. D. Whiteside, secretary ; and L. J. Slease, treasurer, the board of directors being the above named capitalists, with the addition of Judge A. H. Skidmore. The business of the company is the manufacture of paving and building brick. It is the only brick plant in the county, and is located just north of the city limits of Columbus, where the company owns 22 acres. Its shale beds run from 10 to 18 feet deep, there being practically an unlimited supply. The company is working with a capital of $30,000, employs from 18 to 20 men and produces from 12,000 to 20,000 bricks a day. It has a ready market for all the i can produce. This has proven one of
the most successful business enterprises in which Columbus capital has been invested. In addition to his interests in the brick company, Mr. Steward is vice-president, and one of the directors, of the Columbus State Bank, and is interested in coal lands at Mineral.
Mr. Steward was married in Illinois to Lou- ise H. Hillier, a daughter of Edwin Hillier, a large stock dealer in that State. They have one daughter, Mabelle, who resides at home. The family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Politically, Mr. Steward is a Republican, and fraternally he is a Mason and is connected with the Blue Lodge and Royal Arch Chapter at Columbus. By a long and honorable busi- ness career, and by his many genial social quali- ties, Mr. Steward has well earned the esteem of his fellow citizens.
F. RIKER, a well known and repre- sentative farmer of Cherokee Coun- ty, who owns a farm of 280 acres in section 1. Crawford township, was born in Menard County, Illinois, 18 miles northwest of Springfield, in i860; he is a son of Frederick Risckley and Susan (Yardley) Riker.
Frederick Risckley Riker followed the trade of harness-maker all his active life, and died at White Hall, Greene County, Illinois, in 1874, aged about 50 years. His widow, who still survives, at the age of 79 years, lives in Menard County, Illinois. She has a daughter, Mrs. Kate Swan, residing at Fort Madison, Iowa.
The subject of this sketch was reared in Illinois, and attended the common schools. Since he reached the age of 16 years, he has been entirely dependent upon his own resources. He has always provided well for his necessities, has made friends in all directions and now, in
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the prime of life, enjoys the satisfaction of being considered one of Cherokee County's substantial men. For about seven years prior to coming to Kansas, Mr. Riker lived in Mis- souri, his residence in this county dating from 1883. He settled first in Pleasant View town- ship, but one year later sold his farm there, and bought the excellent one he now occupies. His farm is devoted to general farming and to stock-raising. He has made practically all of the improvements upon it, which include a com- fortable home, commodious farm buildings and all necessary structures, fences and other con- veniences.
In 1886, Mr. Riker was married, in Chero- kee County, to Hattie Ridenour, a daughter of Layman Ridenour, who came to Cherokee County in 1867. Mrs. Riker died in 1894, leav- ing three children, — Carl, Pearl and Ray, the two last named being now deceased.
In March, 1897, Mr. Riker married Etta Lansdon, who was born in Linn County, Kan- sas, in 1865, and is a daughter of Henry and Atalanta (Ewing) Lansdon. Mrs. Lansdon resides now at Columbus, aged 62 years. Mr. Lansdon was born in 1830, near Lexington, Kentucky, and about six years later accompa- nied the parental family to Schuyler County, Illinois, whence he came to Kansas in 1861. He engaged in farming in Linn County, and thence in 1873, came to Mineral township, Cherokee County. There he continued to farm until 1 90 1 when he moved to Columbus, where he died October 5, 1903. His widow was born in Illinois, and was the mother of five children, namely : Mary F., who died, aged four months; W. C, superintendent of the city schools of Fort Scott, Kansas; Etta (Mrs. Riker) ; Laura J., wife of Lee N. Wallace, who resides at Anadarko, Oklahoma ; and Charles H, who died, aged eight years. Mr. Lansdon crossed the plains to California in 1850, being one of eight brothers who, at various times,
made the same trip. He served in the State militia of Kansas during the early days of the Civil War. In politics, he was a Republican.
Mrs. Riker was educated in Cherokee Coun- ty and taught school about six years in Oregon, at Le Grande and Union, in the northeastern part of the State. Before going to Oregon, she taught seven years in Kansas. Mr. and Mrs. Riker have three children, — Henry Perry, born December 12, 1897; Earl George, born February 17, 1899; and John Sampson, born September 8, 1903. Politically, Mr. Riker is identified with the Republican party. Frater- anlly, he is associated with the lodge of Odd Fellows at Crestline. He is a man of sterling character, who enjoys the esteem of all with whom he has business or social relations.
ACOB HARRY BOSS, M. D., coro- ner of Cherokee County, and a very highly esteemed physician and sur- geon at Weir City, was born in 1871 in Indiana, and is a son of John and Mary (Conrad) Boss.
John Boss was born in Switzerland in 1837, and was 12 years old when he came to America with his parents, who settled in Indiana, and there Mr. Boss followed an agricultural life until a few years ago, when he retired from active pursuits. He married Mary Conrad, who was born in Indiana, and they had seven children, namely: Rosa, Laura Alice, Mary Helen, Lizzie, Jacob Harry, William Franklin and Carrie.
Dr. Boss grew up on his father's farm, and attended the local schools until he began to study the science of medicine. He prepared for the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Chicago, an institution which deserves its great reputation, and was there graduated in 1 901. He went through his hospital training,
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
and then began practice at North Liberty, In- diana. There he remained until February, 1902, when he removed to Weir City, Kansas. Finding a suitable field, he has built up a lucra- tive practice, and is rapidly nearing the front rank among the skilled practitioners of this county. He is now serving as coroner of the county.
In 1901, Dr. Boss was united in marriage with Edith Clark, an accomplished lady, who was born at Carlinville, Illinois. They have a very pleasant home at Weir City, and the Doc- tor has well appointed and conveniently loca- ted offices. Both personally and professionally, he is held in high esteem. In politics, he is identified with the Republican party, but takes no very active interest, devoting his attention closely to his profession. He was, however, nominated on the Republican ticket for coroner in 1902. and was elected by a handsome ma- jority.
RNST C. HOHNSBEEN. Of the many sons of the "Fatherland" who
came to the United States during the "fifties" in search of freedom and
fortune, the career of none has been more hon- orable than that of the gentleman whose bio- graphical record is here presented. It was in 1857 that Mr. Hohnsbeen disembarked from a sailing vessel, the "Sir Robert Peel," in New York City, having come from Hamburg, Ger- many, where he had taken ship about six weeks previously. He was a young man of 22 years, having been born April 30, 1835, in Holstein, Germany.
Mr. Hohnsbeen did not remain in the East, but came on to the then frontier State of Iowa, where he secured work on a farm near Daven- port, at a monthly wage of $12. He remained thereabouts for a period of three years, and then took a trip across the plains to Pike's
Peak, in which vicinity he worked in the mines for about 15 months. He made this journey with the intention of going on to California, but after his experience in the mines concluded to return to farm work in Iowa, where he spent the period of the Civil War. In the spring of 1866 he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he took a "treaty right" for 160 acres of land. This he improved for 10 years, when he sold it and purchased his present place of 120 acres in section 21, township 33, range 22, in Lola township. Mr. Hohnsbeen went through all the hardships of pioneer life at that early time. He lost, by fire, the first house he built, and suffered other drawbacks, but by pa- tient and industrious efforts made such pro- gress that he was possessed of considerable property at the end of the first 10 years. On his new place he built a commodious farm house, and since that time has added many valu- able improvements. Some of the prices of provisions in the early days in Cherokee Coun- ty would seem exceedingly high at this time, Mr. Hohnsbeen having on one occasion paid $1.50 a bushel for corn, which he had to husk himself, and which he afterward had to shell by hand.
The character of Mr. Hohnsbeen during the entire period of his residence in Cherokee County is that of an honest, upright, industri- ous farmer. He has never aspired to leader- ship in any line, but has gone about his affairs in a quiet, persistent way, which has won the respect and esteem of all who know him. He early joined the Land League of the settlers. He is included in the membership of the First Day Adventist Church. Formerly a Republi- can, he has voted with the Populist party since its organization. In the office of school trustee he served about four years, and was for three years treasurer of the township.
Frederick Hohnsbeen, the father of Ernst C, spent his life in the "Fatherland," where he
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died in 1848, at die age of 48 years. By occu- pation he was a grain boss and overseer. In his earlier manhood, he had served about four years in the army. He married Fredericka Erig, who was born in 1804, and died in 1852. Of their nine children, four of the sons are citi- zens of the United States.
It was in 1867 that Mr. Hohnsbeen took unto himself a wife in the person of Elizabeth Kessler, a native of Prussia, who died in Cher- okee County, Kansas, in 1885, at the age of 42 years. She left one son, Fred D., a train dispatcher who, with his two boys, Ernst and John, reside in Houston, Texas. Mr. Hohns- been married again, his second wife being Mrs. Zella Thompson, a widow lady with seven chil- dren. She died two years later. The third manage of Mr. Hohnsbeen occurred July 12, 1894, on which date he was united to Mrs. Jane A. Carter, the lady who now presides over his home. She was born in England in 1843, anc^ came to the United States when five years of age, with her parents. Her father, William Moore, came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1867, living, the first summer, with the subject of this sketch in the original log house. By her first husband, Mrs. Hohnsbeen had two boys, who lost their lives as the result of overexertion in fighting a prairie fire. She now owns 156 acres of fine farm land near Hallowell, left by Mr. Carter.
Mr. and Mrs. Hohnsbeen, being old settlers, are very generally known throughout Cherokee County, and are most highly regarded by all.
AMUEL C. HOWARD, an extensive farmer of Sheridan township, is a native of Douglas County, Illinois, and a son of Rev. Wesley and Martha Ann (Lowe) Howard, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Indiana.
Rev. Wesley Howard went to Douglas
County, Illinois, when a young man, was mar- ried there, and continued to live in that countv until 1866. In that year the Howard family, in company with several other families, trav- eled by wagon to Cherokee County, Kansas, and located in Sheridan township, in sections 35 and 36, township 31, range 21. The cara- van of 16 wagons was only five weeks making the journey, all arriving at their destination without serious accident. Rev. Mr. Howard first purchased 160 acres of wild land, the only building on it being the usual log house of the pioneer. Later, he added to this farm 80 acres of land in Labette County, and at the time of his death, in September, 1879, owned 240 acres of good farm land. His wife died June 22, 1904. For many years he was a Methodist minister, first preaching in Illinois, and later becoming well known as a minister of that de- nomination in Cherokee County. Always in- terested in the best welfare of the community, his influence was toward the right. In politics he was a Republican, always voting the straight ticket. His family consisted of nine children, as follows: William A., pastor of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church at Weir City, formerly pastor of the charge at Mound City, Kansas; Samuel C, subject of this review; Clarence W., a farmer of Sheridan township; Mary Eve- line, wife of C. R. Mumaw, residing in South McAlester, Indian Territory; Henry Allen, de- ceased at the age of 23 years; Laura J., de- ceased, who was the wife of James Howard ; Hattie E., wife of Christopher Johnson, of Carterville, Missouri ; Francis Wilson, living at Hot Springs, Arkansas; and Robert B., a painter and paperhanger of Krebs, Indian Ter- ritory.
Samuel C. Howard was educated in the home schools, and grew to maturity on the homestead in Sheridan township, where he re- mained, taking care of the father and mother, until death claimed the father, when he took
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
full charge of the farm. Here he still resides and manages the work of the farm, bringing to his assistance the experience acquired by long residence on the place. The land produces all of the small grains, besides quantities of hay. Along with his general farming, Mr. Howard raises a great deal of stock.
In politics our subject votes the Republican ticket, always standing for the principles of his party, and religiously he is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. How- ard has never married but devoted his whole life to his parents, showing a degree of filial love seldom equaled. He is well known in the county and held in the highest esteem by all.
ENRY HANNON, a successful farmer (i f Cherokee County, whose fine home, with its beautiful surroundings and well cultivated farm, is located in the northwest quarter of section 14, Crawford township, was born in the Province of Ontario, Canada, near the city of Hamilton, November 3, 1 83 1, and is a son of Andrew and Sarah (Hildreth) Hannon.
The paternal grandparents of the subject of this sketch were born in Germany, the grand- lather being a sea-going man in young man- hood. He married Mary Valentine, and they moved to Canada prior to 1820, after the birth of Andrew Hannon, Henry's father. The mother was born in the State of New York, but was married in Canada, where she died in 1895, aged 75 years ; the father died in 1893, at nearly the same age. They had 1 1 children, and the survivors are located in widely separated parts of the country. Mr. Hannon has one brother. Daniel, in the State of Washington, and an- other. Joseph, in Detroit, Michigan. Another, Adam, when last heard from, was in Northern Michigan.
Henry Hannon was reared in Canada, and
during his boyhood had rather meager educa- tional opportunities. This lack he has remedied by later study and reading. Until the winter of 1864-65 he remained in Canada, and then removed with his family to Cass County, Mich- igan, where he engaged in farming and con- ducted a sawmill and lumber concern until 1880. In the spring of 1882 he went to South Dakota, took up government land, and made a farm in Day County.
Mr. Hannon first came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1870, on a prospecting trip, and made two other trips before leaving South Da- kota and locating here, in 1890. Mr. Hannon's finely improved farm has all been made by himself. He set out the shade and orchard trees, and with infinite care and great industry has developed one of the most attractive and valuable homes in the locality.
In Canada, in 1 851, Mr. Hannon married Nancy D. Hannon, who was born there April 6, 1830. They have had eight children, name- ly : Eliza, who married D. F. McAuliffe, re- sides in Crawford township, and has two chil- dren,— Henry, aged 22 years, now in Califor- nia ; and Nannie, aged 1 7 years, who is at home; Philander, residing in Day County. South Dakota, who is a farmer and thresher, and has a wife and six children ; Samuel James, now of Salt Lake, Utah, who owns 400 acres in Crawford township, and 200 acres in Chero- kee township, and has a family ; Mahala, who married R. O. Johnson, a successful farmer of Day County, South Dakota, and has six children: Minnie N., who mar- ried E. N. Knight, resides at Butler, South Dakota, and has a farm near Pierpont; Rachel, who married A. S. McCall, of Cripple Creek, Colorado, and died in 1888, leaving three chil- dren,— Mabel G.. Rolla E. and Franklin E., of whom the last named makes his home with his grandfather; Mrs. Angeline Crosby, who died in Michigan ; and one who died in infancv.
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In politics, Mr. Harmon is a Republican; he has taken an active part in politics, and has served as township treasurer. He is a well known citizen, and is held in universal esteem.
ATHANIEL THOMPSON ALLI- SON was born in Cooper County, Missouri, January 24, 1846. His father was a native of Kentucky. His mother, who was born in St. Charles, Mis- souri, was the daughter of Elisha Goodrich, a teacher, of Hartford, Connecticut. Her mother, whose maiden name was Greene, was a native of Virginia.
In his boyhood years he was under the tui- tion of excellent New England teachers ; and through them, in addition to the training which a cultured mother gave, he gained a fairly good education, before the coming on of the Civil War, in 1861. When the schools were closed, on account of the war, he was put to an appren- ticeship in a printing office; but the condition of the country becoming more unsettled, he left the printing office, without the knowl- edge of his parents, went to Peoria, Illinois, and enlisted in the 28th Regiment, Illinois Vol. Inf. After the war, he entered school again, teaching and going to school, alternately, for several years. He taught four years in the Southwest Baptist College, Bolivar, Missouri, and while there he was secretary of the faculty. He holds the degrees of A. B. and A. M. from this school. He came to Columbus in October, 1888, and bought a half interest in the Star- Courier, the leading Democratic paper in Chero- kee County, and he continued as its editor until January, 1895. He was a delegate from Kan- sas, in the Democratic National Convention at Chicago, in 1892. In March, 1894, he was appointed postmaster at Columbus. Kansas, by President Cleveland, and he held the office
from April 1, 1894, to July 1, 1898, since which time he has practiced law and dealt in real estate.
In 1868, Mr. Allison was married to Nannie Morton, a cultured, well educated woman. She died in 1879, leaving him two daughters, — ■ Olive, now Mrs. Emmett Rea, of Vinita, Indian Territory; and Hortense, yet at home. In June, 1882, he was married to Mrs. Nannette Martien Cook, of Clinton, Missouri, one of the leading teachers of the State. By this mar- riage two step-sons were taken into his family ; Homer Martien Cook, now pastor of the South- side Baptist Church, Chicago, Illinois ; and Joseph Norman Cook, a commercial traveler, now living in that city. Mr. and Mrs. Allison live in Columbus, where they have a quiet, com- fortable home.
EORGE J. KNIGHTON, one of the prosperous business men of Weir City, who carries on a large general grocery business, was born in Cam- bridgeshire, England, in 1870. and is a son of George Knighton.
The subject of this sketch came to America with his father in 1886. He is one of a family of seven children, all of whom live in the United States, viz. : Lizzie, wife of Frank Baker, located near Weir City; George J. ; H. T. ; Mary, wife of James Hope, living near Weir City; Sarah, wife of Archie Brown, a resident of the same vicinity ; William ; and Ernest.
On coming to America, George J. Knighton and his father settled near Scranton, Pennsyl- vania, where they worked in the coal mines, and later in the mines at Midway, near Pittsburg, Kansas. In 1891 they came to Weir City, where they worked in the mines, and where the father is still employed. From 1891 to 1897, the subject of this sketch was engaged
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
in the mines and in other occupations. In the latter year he started an oil wagon, and fol- ic .wed that business for about three years, visit- ing customers at Weir City, Scammon and throughout the county. In 1900 he bought two lots on West Main street, Weir City, on which he erected his present commodious store building, and then went into the general gro- cery business. Mr. Knighton has met with the success his energy and industry deserve, and he is held in the highest esteem by his fellow citi- zens. He has always taken an interest in the general advancement of Weir City's interests, having served one year on the city's School Board, and five years on the board of District No. 59.
In politics, Mr. Knighton is independent. Fraternally, he belongs to Encampment No. 60, I. O. O. F., at Weir City. He is one of the active, earnest, working members of the Meth- odist Church in the city.
inniiv.
REDERICK HILLER. a worthy and respected farmer of Ross township, of German descent, was born Sep- tember 2, 1853, in Wurtemberg, Ger- He is at present residing on a farm in section 25, township 32, range 23. Mr. Hiller owns considerable property in different parts of the county, and has of late years become in- terested in the coal industry, Mine No. 5 hav- ing been sunk on his home farm. He is what might be termed a self-made man, having ac- cumulated the property now in his possession by his own efforts.
Frederick Hiller was his father, and Marie ( (iarbroeck) his mother, and both were natives of the same place in the "Fatherland." They grew up together and were married there, and until 1863 were engaged in farming in their native country. In that year they embarked with their family for America, and after a four-
weeks voyage landed at the port of New York. From this gateway to the New World they pro- ceeded to Butler County, Ohio, and thence, after a short period, to Livingston County, Illinois. On February 7, 1872, they arrived after an overland trip, in Ross township, Chero- kee County, Kansas, where they purchased 160 acres of wild land in section 24, township 32, range 23. They erected an 18 by 24-foot house, and further improved the place. About 1893 Mr. Hiller sold out and thereafter lived with his children. The mother died in March, 1892. at the age of 66 years, — the father surviving until March 4, 1903. They were consistent and worthy members of the Evangelical Church. The father was a man of sturdy character, industrious and of a quiet disposi- tion. His political affiliations were with the Democratic party. A family of eight children were born to these parents, as follows : Fred- erick; John and George, of Crawford County, Kansas ; an infant boy deceased ; Kate, who married Fred Budde, and resides in Weir City, Kansas; Mary, deceased, who was the wife of J. E. Best, a farmer of Ross township; Emma, now Mrs. George Bergman, of Crawford County; and Rose, who married George Rea- ser, and resides in Crawford County.
Although but 10 years of age when the family came to this country, the subject of this sketch had received some mental training in the schools of his native land, which was sup- plemented by school attendance in the different places in this country where his parents lived. He even attended school after coming to Cher- okee County, although he had nearly reached his majority. He remained dutifully at home until he was of age, and then began branching out for himself. He, however, was an inmate of the home until his marriage, which occurred January 11, 1876, Mrs. Hiller having been Kate Buergin, of Woodford County, Illinois. She is a daughter of Frederick and Gertrude
CHARLES A. GIBBS
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(Ecker) Buergin. the father being a native of Baden, and the mother, of Prussia. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Buergin came to Amer- ica, and first settled in Woodford County, Illi- nois. They came, in 1871, to Ross township, Cherokee County, Kansas, where they pur- chased 160 acres of wild land in section 26, township 32, range 23, which they continued to cultivate the remainder of their lives, the father dying in 1897, and the mother in November, 1903. There are seven children in the Hiller family, as follows: Charles W., who married Mamie Mills, is bookkeeper for The Central Coal & Coke Company, and has one son, — Vivian Louis; John E., weigh boss for the Fleming Coal Company; Frank; Lena; Roy; Arthur; and Gertrude. All but Charles W. live at home.
Upon his marriage Mr. Hiller located on his present farm, which at that time was wild land. All the improvements which are seen upon it now are the work of Mr. Hiller and his good wife. As he prospered, he put his savings into other lands, and now owns 240 acres in sections 25 and 26, township ^2, range 2^, in Ross township, and 160 acres in section 3. township ^^, range 2^, in Salamanca township. The discovery of coal on his home farm has, in later years, greatly increased its value.
Mr. Hiller is a companionable, social spirit, and is popular among his neighbors. He has served as treasurer of the School Board for the past 15 years, and has held other offices in the township. He supports the Democratic ticket, and is a member of the I. O. O. F., and the A. O. U. W., both at Columbus.
HARLES A. GIBBS, a prominent citizen of Cherokee County, whose portrait is herewith shown, is en- gaged in mercantile pursuits at Hal- lowell, in Lola township. He was born Jan-
uary 5, 1852, in Oneida County, New York, and is a son of John and Sarah J. (Dunn) Gibbs.
John Gibbs was born in Connecticut, but became a resident of New York in early man- hood. He was engaged in manufacturing lum- ber for a number of years in the "Empire State," but came to Kansas in 1879, and died in Cherokee County in 1891, aged 67 years. He married Sarah J. Dunn, also of Oneida County, New York, who died in Cherokee County in 1898, at the age of 75 years. They had three children, — Charles A., Ida P. and Fred W.
Charles A. Gibbs enjoyed excellent educa- tional advantages and is a graduate of Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, of the class of 1874. He was engaged in the study of law for the three succeeding years, and was admitted to the bar in 1876. He entered upon the prac- tice of his profession at Ithaca, New York, but did not settle down permanently until 1878, when he came to Cherokee County, after spend- ing one year in Grayson County, Texas. Since making his home at Hallowell, Mr. Gibbs has become interested in business enterprises, and now conducts the leading mercantile establish- ment of the town. He does not closely apply himself to his profession, although he accepts cases to accommodate those who have more reliance upon his ability than on that of other practitioners. Politically a Democrat, he has received many honors at the hands of the party. During the administration of President Cleve- land, he was postmaster at Hallowell, and has frequently been selected as a candidate for high positions, meeting defeat only when the party has been unsuccessful. He served three years as a trustee of the Cherokee County High School, being one of the first appointees on that board. He was also a member of the special committee appointed by the Grand Jury, and worked six months as county auditor.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Mr. Gibbs was first married in 1873 to Eva Shade, who was bom at Ithaca, New York, and died in Cherokee County, aged 34 years, leav- ing three children, — Ernest, Nellie and Edith. In 1889 Mr. Gibbs married Mary Higgins, who was born at Carbondale, Pennsylvania, and they have two children, — Dorothea and Joseph.
Mr. Gibbs is one of the leading members, and most liberal supporters, of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Hallowell. Fraternally, he is an Odd Fellow. He is one of the promi- nent citizens of the community, and an active promoter of all movements which promise to be of substantial benefit to the locality.
LAUDE A. HESS, the accommodat- ing agent for The Central Coal & Coke Company at Weir City, was born in 1877 'n Ohio, and is a son of David and Nancy (Landis) Hess.
David Hess, who is a native of Ohio, is now a resident of Deepwater, Missouri, having been an invalid for some years. The mother has passed away. The family consisted of eight children, viz : Lizzie, Joseph, Emma, Let- tie, Mary, Ira, Myrtle and Claude A. Ira is a resident of Crawford County, Kansas, and is also in the employ of The Central Coal & Coke Company.
Claude A. Hess was educated at Deepwater, Missouri, and began his business life as a clerk with The Central Coal & Coke Company. He was rapidly advanced to the position of chief clerk, then to that of bookkeeper, and then was placed in charge of the store at Nelson, Craw- ford County, Kansas. He continued in the employ of the company in these capacities from November 1, 1898, until 1900, when he was transferred to Weir City, and was bookkeeper at this point until 1902. Then he was appointed agent for the company, — a responsible position
which he still fills. Air. Hess also has charge of the payment of the miners at the shafts, a position of the greatest trust.
Air. Hess is very highly appreciated by the company, and his long continuance with it speaks for itself as to his ability and efficiency. He owes his success in life to his own efforts, to his fidelity to the interests of his employers, and to a pleasing personality which easily wins friendly regard.
ENJAMIN THOMAS DUGGER. who owns one of the best farms of Cherokee County, consisting of 160 acres, and situated in section 23. township 32, range 24, in Alineral township, and also has a fine trade as a blacksmith, was born in 1859 in Johnson County, Tennessee, and is a son of William H. and Nancy (Cable ) Dugger.
The paternal grandfather of the subject of this sketch was Thomas Dugger, who was born in North Carolina, but in early life removed to Tennessee, and later to Indiana. There he died before the Civil War, at the age of 84 years. He married Hannah Pierce, who was born in Virginia, and they reared a family which re- flected credit upon the training they received.
William H. Dugger was born in Johnson County, Tennessee, where he married, and in 1867 came to Cherokee County, Kansas. He settled first in Pleasant View township, where he lived four years, and then removed to a loca- tion on the old "Military Road." There he built a blacksmith shop, and worked at his trade until 1871. Moving at that period to Alineral township, he took up a government claim of 160 acres, where he continued to farm and also to work at his trade. William H. Dugger was very well known and highly es- teemed. One of the first settlers in this locality, he was also one of the most intelligent and re-
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liable and exerted a great influence. His death took place June 7, 1902, at the age of 76 years. He is survived by his widow, who finds a wel- come home with her five children, the subject of this sketch being the only son. The daugh- ters are, — Lizzie, Jane, Sarah and Nancy.
The farm upon which his father settled in Mineral township is now owned by the subject of this sketch, and he also carries on the black- smith business, which he learned under his father's instruction. Mr. Dugger is one of the very busy men of the township, and but few have made more material progress than he has, in the same time. He is both a good farmer and a first-class blacksmith, and besides is a pleasant, genial man, who has hosts of friends in the neighborhood.
On January 6, 1897, Mr. Dugger was mar- ried to Julia Anna Granson, who was born at Elba, Nebraska, April 6, 1879. They have a happy little family of four children, namely : Clara May, Hazel Fay, Zada Florence, and Anna Elizabeth.
As one of the intelligent and well informed men of his township, Mr. Dugger takes a lively interest in public matters, and politically he is identified with the Republican party.
ILLIAM T. FERGUSON. Kansas is the "old soldier" State. Of all the pages of American history, none breathe the true American spirit with greater fervor than those devoted to the story of her rise and progress, and in every stage of her marvelous development the "old soldier" appears. As a youth he listened to the fireside tales of the Indian and buffalo. In the "fifties" these gave place to even more ex- citing incidents, in which men of his own race appeared as factors. As the years passed, he himself was frequently found among the actors,
so that when the flame of war swept over the nation, superinduced by the same causes that gave birth to the State, there sprang from her prairies a greater proportionate number of de- fenders of the Union than from any other State. And when the verdict of war had been given, what so natural as that the man, who had offered his life for the same principle which caused the State's birth, should seek to establish his home upon her broad area. There are many of these "old soldiers" in Cherokee County, and we are here privileged to mention one of the most worthy. William T. Ferguson is a farmer, residing in section 12, township 32, range 24, in Cherokee township, where he set- tled in 1887, coming from Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, where he was torn July 24, 1838.
Mr. Ferguson developed a strong physical frame on a farm in Jefferson County, of the old "Keystone State," and among her hills im- bibed a spirit of patriotism which early carried him into the struggle for the defense of the Union. He enlisted in 1861 as a private in Company E, 62d Reg. Pennsylvania Vol. Inf., in which he passed three years of strenuous warfare. He was discharged July 17, 1864, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, with the rank of fifth sergeant. One needs only to turn to the history of the old 62c! Regiment to read the story of Mr. Ferguson's army life. Besides many minor skirmishes and sharp fights, he was at the siege of Yorktown, at Hanover Court House, in the Seven Days' Battle, the Second Bull Run, Antietam, bloody Freder- icksburg and "stick-in-the-mud" Chancellors- ville. at the immortal Gettysburg, "the high water mark of the Confederacy," and closed his army life with Grant in the operations before Petersburg. Through all this strenuous life, the subject of this sketch passed without a single day away from his company, although he was slightly wounded several times. He re-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
ceived a flesli wound in the left leg at Malvern Hill: in the left hand. July 2, 1862, in the second day's fighting at Gettysburg; and in the right arm, at Laurel Hill, in May, 1864. On June 18 of the same year, he received his last I federate "love touch," a scalp wound, in front of Petersburg.
Mr, Ferguson took up the routine of civil life gladly enough after his experience in the anii\-. resuming his trade of carpenter, at which he served an apprenticeship prior to the war. He continued to reside in his native county until 1887, and then resolved to change his oc- cupation to that of a farmer. His farm here in Cherokee County consists of 80 acres of fine land, on which are a comfortable farmhouse and all the necessary outbuildings, the whole making a very nice farm property. For the first seven years after coming to the county, Mr. Ferguson worked at his trade in connection with farming, but of late he has devoted his entire attention to the latter.
The marriage of Mr. Ferguson took place on August 25, 1864. His wife's maiden name was Sarah J. Myers. She is a native of Bed- ford County. Pennsylvania, and a sister of John Lane Myers, a sketch of whom appearing elsewhere in this volume contains the history of her family. Mr. and Mrs. Ferguson have no children.
William T. Ferguson is the son of William l-'erguson and Margaret (Summerville) Fer- guson. The former was born at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, in 1812; the latter was born in Armstrong County, of the same State, in 181 1. There they passed their lives in farming, the father dying in 1852, the mother, in 1883. They had 12 children, of whom the following are still living: William T. ; Sarah A. (Mrs. D. I!. Mortimer), of Clarion County, Pennsylva- nia: Samuel M., who married Margaret Morti- mer, and resides in Clarion County; Azel F., who married Nancy Cochran, and lives in But-
ler County, Pennsylvania; and Josiah S., who married Mary Bates, and Hamilton E., who married Annie Law-son, both of whom reside in Clarion County, Pennsylvania.
Having been baptized in the Republican font by casting his first vote for the immortal Lincoln, Mr. Ferguson has always taken pleas- ure in supporting the principles of that party. He is a member, of the A. H. T. A. and of the Grand Army of the Republic. His character in Cherokee County is that of an industrious, upright and patriotic citizen, and he enjoys the respect of all with whom he is acquainted, or with whom he may have business relations.
RANCIS O. PARGEN, a leading citi- zen and prominent farmer of Lola township, has been connected with affairs in Cherokee County since his early childhood, his parents having moved here about 26 years ago. He was born in Livingston County, Missouri, June 16, 1864, and now resides on a farm of 320 acres in sec- tion 32, township 33, range 22, in Lola town- ship, and section 5, township 34, range 22, in Neosho township.
Owen Pargen, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in County Roscommon, Ire- land, December 23, 1843. He came to the United States as an orphan boy and settled in Cleveland. Ohio, where he remained until after his marriage, when he removed to Livingston County, Missouri. Here he became connected with the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad sys- tem as section foreman, being one of the first on the system. In 1871 he moved into the Indian Territory, about the same time making a purchase of 280 acres of "Joy land" in Chero- kee County, this being a part of the farm which the subject of this sketch now owns. After eight years' residence in the Indian Territory,
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he moved with his family to his land in Chero- kee County and continued its cultivation until his death, which occurred in Chetopa in 1896. Mr. Pargen was an industrious, hardworking man, and left a considerable estate as the result of his good management. He was a devout Catholic, as are also the family which he reared. As before stated, he was married in Cleveland, being wedded to Bridget O'Dowd, also a native of County Roscommon, her birth having oc- curred December 28, 1831. After the terrible famine which afflicted Ireland in the early "fif- ties" she and her only brother came to America and located in Cleveland. The brother, John O'Dowd, now resides in Missouri, at the age of 80 years. The subject of this sketch was the eldest of the five sons born to these parents, the others being as follows: Thomas O., yard foreman for the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, at Cleburne, Texas ; John, a railroad conductor living at Osawatomie, Kansas; George P., also a conductor and a resident of the same place ; and James S., a twin brother of George P., who is a railroad brakeman residing at San Miguel, New Mexico. The mother of this family died in Cherokee County, Kansas, on her J2& birthday. She was a woman of many superior qualities, and a devout com- municant of the Catholic Church.
Francis O. Pargen is the only member of the family who is not in the railroad business. On the death of his father, he came into the management of the home farm, and later into possession of it, by satisfying the claims of the other heirs. It consists of the original pur- chase of 280 acres, and a later one of 40 acres made by his mother. Of the 320 acres, 120 are in section 32, township 33, range 22, in Lola township, and the remainder in section 5, township 34, range 22, in Neosho township. Upon settling on the place, 26 years ago, the father built a large two-story frame house, 26 by 26 feet in dimensions, bringing the lumber
from the Indian Territory. For years this was one of the largest farm houses in the county. It was burned to the ground in April, 1896, after which Mr. Pargen erected the pres- ent fine residence. The farm itself is one of the best in the county. All of the land but 60 acres is under cultivation, there is a good orchard on it, and it is all well fenced. A large barn, to- gether with other necessary buildings for stock, puts on the finishing touch to a splendid farm property.
Mr. Pargen's family consists of four chil- dren,— Owen, Leo, John and James. His wife died September 2^, 1901. Her maiden name was Ellen Johnson. She was a daughter of Michael and Katherine Johnson, and was born May 10, 1866, in County Roscommon, Ireland.
Mr. Pargen is well thought of in his com- munity and throughout Cherokee County. He has always interested himself in the welfare of his neighborhood, and has served at different times in the unsalaried offices. He has been a member of the School Board for the past 15 years, and has served as justice of the peace two terms. He is a Republican, with a strong leaning towards the union labor idea, having been that party's candidate for county recorder in its first fight in the county. His standing is unquestioned, and he deserves the large measure of respect accorded him.
AMILTON BEEBE LATHROP. One of the beautiful homes in the en- virons of Columbus is that of Hamil- ton B. Lathrop, who owns a farm of 80 acres in section 33, Salamanca township. Mr. Lathrop was born in March, 1834, in Chautauqua County, New York, and is a son of Anson E. and Mary (Beebe) Lathrop.
This family is an old and distinguished one in New England, its founders in America hav-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
ing come to those bleak shores on the "May- flower." Two brothers of this name settled in Connecticut; later the family branches scat- tered into New York, thence into Iowa and still farther West, and now it is well and honorably represented in Kansas.
Anson E. Lathrop was born in New York, and was engaged there in farming and stock- raising until 1850. Then he moved to Iowa and located in Dubuque County, where he con- tinued to farm until the fall of 1865. At that period he sold out there, and bought a farm and other property at what is nowr Humboldt, in the Des Moines River Valley. There he died in February, 1870, aged 65 years. He first married Mary Beebe, who died in 1848, leav- ing four children, — Catherine, Edwin A., Hamilton Beebe and Francis Marion. Of these, Catherine, born in April, 1828, married Sylvester Dean, and is now a widow, residing at Mitchell, South Dakota. Edwin A., born in September, 1831, accompanied the family to [o\\ a, then went on to California and to Oregon, where he became principal of the schools of Empire City, Oregon. Later, he entered into political life, serving as county clerk for a long time. He accumulated considerable property, and became interested in mining at Baker City. At the time of his death, which occurred sud- denly in his office at Baker City, he was mana- ger of one of the large mining companies of that section. During the Indian disturbances in his early life there, he did a soldier's duty and was thoroughly identified with that part of the try. His two children also are deceased. Francis Marion, born in March, 1842, attended college at Hopkinston, Iowa, and on the out- break of the Civil War enlisted in Company I, 1 2th Reg., Iowa Volunteer Inf., under Lieu- tenant Fowler. He held the rank of sergeant. At Pittsburg Landing, he was taken prisoner, and was first incarcarated at Atlanta, and later at Macon, Georgia, where he succumbed to
the entailed hardships, and died in June, 1862.
The second marriage of Anson E. Lathrop was in the fall of 1849 to the widow of Dr. Averill, a prominent physician who lived near Syracuse, New York. One daughter was born to this second marriage.
The subject of this sketch scarcely remem- bers his birthplace, as he wras but a small child when his parents removed from the vicinity of Jamestown to Wayne County, New York, where he grew to manhood. He accompanied the family in 1850, when it removed to Cas- cade township, Dubuque County, Iowa, and re- mained there until 1865. In 1863 he enlisted with the unattached men who were subject to call in case of emergency, the demands of a growing family making it inexpedient for him to enter into active service at that time. In 1865 he settled on a wild tract in Buchanan County, Iowa, which he developed into a fine farm, and remained on it until the spring of 1880, when he decided to take up a tree claim in Spink County, South Dakota. He also ac- quired a homestead here, upon which he re- mained long enough to make it a fine farm, al- though, in order to do so, he and his family were obliged to endure the many hardships of pioneer settlers. In 1894 Mr. Lathrop traded this farm for 255 acres in Union County, South Dakota, and again entered upon the develop- ment of an agricultural property out of a wild prairie. This he succeeded in doing, and in March, 1898, he sold this third farm and re- moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, purchas- ing his present home and farm. He is now retired from active pursuits, in the enjoyment of ample means, and surrounded by all that makes his declining years peaceful and con- tented.
Mr. Lathrop was married in 1856, at Cas- cade, Dubuque County, Iowa, to Mary Elliott, who was reared in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, whence she had removed to Iowa. Three
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daughters and one son were born to them, namely: Minnie Beebe; Viva E. ; Frances Marian, and William Anson. Minnie Beebe married a Mr. Andrus, who is a resident of Pueblo, Colorado, where he has been a promi- nent business man for a number of years, and where she has buried her three children. Viva E. is Mrs. Hickman; she was married in Buch- anan County, Iowa, and now resides in Colum- bus, Kansas, her two children being: Myrtle, a teacher at Empire City, and Byrl, a youth of 10 years. Frances Marian, wife of Frank C. Andrus, a prominent grocer of Spokane, Wash- ington, has one son, Clyde, a high school grad- uate, aged 19 years, and has lost a little daugh- ter. William Anson, who is now a resident of Minneapolis, Minnesota, is an express messen- ger running between Minneapolis and Chicago. His two daughters are deceased, but he has one son, Fred, to still perpetuate an honored name. Politically, Mr. Lathrop has always been a zealous supporter of the Republican party, since he cast his first presidential vote for Abraham Lincoln, in i860. Mr. Lathrop was reared a Congregationalist, but is now connected with the Presbyterian Church at Columbus. His long and useful life has been replete with in- terest, and as he is a man of most retentive memory and gentle courtesy, a visitor feels that he has been abundantly entertained during a few hours' conversation with the subject of this sketch. He is well known in Columbus and vicinity, and is universally esteemed.
ILLIAM D. BROWN, who proba- bly owns the best home in Neosho township, Cherokee County, and for many years has enjoyed easy circumstances, has seen many trials and hard- ships since he first came to this locality. He was born in Montgomery County, Indiana,
September 19, 1846, and is a son of Matthew and James (Graves) Brown.
Matthew Brown was born in Kentucky, July 3, 1812, and died in Kansas at the age of 74 years. He accompanied his parents when 15 years old, to Indiana, where he followed mer- chandising and stock dealing, and continued this after moving to Marion County, Iowa. He was very successful and possessed considerable capital, which he invested in property in Chero- kee County, Kansas, in 1871. He was a Re- publican in politics, and fraternally was a Ma- son. He married Jane Graves, who was born in Randolph County, North Carolina, October 29, 1819, and still survives, making her home with the subject of this sketch. This venerable lady is probably one of the oldest residents of the county. She was the mother of 10 chil- dren, William D. being the only surviving son. Two of his sisters were killed in a cyclone, soon after the family settled in Kansas.
Mr. Brown remained with his parents in Iowa until he enlisted for service in the Civil War. In the spring of 1864, he entered Com- pany A, 33rd Reg. Iowa Vol. Inf., and served under Captain Price and Colonel Mackey, par- ticipating in the battles of Saline River, Arkan- sas ; and Mobile, Alabama. The rest of his term was taken up in scouting expeditions, in which he took part in a great deal of skirmish- ing. On two occasions he was sent to the hos- pital, spending about six months there in all, and was finally honorably discharged on Sep- tember 19, 1865, from the 34th Iowa Regi- ment, to which he had been transferred.
In 1871 Mr. Brown accompanied his par- ents from Marion County, Iowa, where he had lived since he was six years old, to Cherokee County, Kansas, driving the whole distance, which consumed four weeks. The father took the large family, plenty of household goods and seven of his fine horses with him, one of the latter being valued in Iowa at $500. A
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
small frame house was hastily built on the tract of 1 60 acres of government land first secured, and for a time prospects seemed encouraging. Then came the grasshoppers and the chinch- bugs, and all the growing crops were totally destroyed; five of the fine Iowa horses died, and, worse than all, a terrific cyclone blew down the house and in its wreck killed two of the children. It required courage, indeed, to retrieve these losses, and to discern any hope in the future.
Mr. Brown has made all the improvements on his present farm in section 1, township 34, range 22, which he operates as a stock farm, and on which he keeps 60 head of fine grade cattle. This place is well known and univer- sally admired. Mr. Brown has set out orchards and shade trees of all kinds and, under changed climatic conditions, it is but remotely possible that the disasters of the past could be repeated here.
On March 6, 1890, Mr. Brown was mar- ried to Nora Tetrick, who was born in Kansas. They have one son, — William Lloyd. Mr. Brown is one of the leading members of the Republican party in his township, and is now serving his fifth term as trustee. For the past 29 years, he has been a member of the School Board, and takes an interest in all public affairs. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Grand Army of the Republic and the Anti-Horse Thief Association.
I HARLES M. HORD, a retired farmer of Cherokee County, and a promi- nent resident of Columbus, where he has built a beautiful residence, was born in 1862 at Marion, Marion County, Ohio, and is a son of Peyton and Mary J. (Hutch- inson) Hord, natives of Rockingham County,
Virginia, and Franklin County, Ohio, respect- ively.
Peyton Hord died in 1875, leaving seven children, namely : Charles M., Thomas B., Addie, Bailey, Laura H, Amaziah and Jennie M. Thomas B. Hord is a very prominent busi- ness man of Central City, Nebraska. He owns about 20,000 acres of land, and is a large, inde- pendent feeder of cattle and raiser of stock. He is also the president of a bank. Addie, deceased, was the wife of Rev. D. M. Harris, who was formerly located in Crawford County, Kansas. Bailey is deceased. Laura H. is the wife of Charles D. Juvinal, and lives in Spring- field, Ohio. Amaziah is deceased. Jennie M. is the wife of James B. Guthrey, a capitalist of Marion, Ohio.
The subject of this sketch remained in Ohio until he was 20 years of age, and his life has been mainly devoted, until his retirement, to handling stock and to other agricultural pur- suits. He spent two years on cattle ranges in Wyoming and three years in Nebraska, and came to Cherokee County in 1888. He re- mained upon his farm, situated within a mile of Columbus, until 1902, since which time he has enjoyed the comforts of his city home.
In 1887 Mr. Hord was married, in Ohio, to Millie Johnston, who was born in that State, and is a daughter of the late Dr,. Johnston, ot Bucyrus, who conducted a drug store there for more than 50 years. The business is continued by Mrs. Hord's brother, the father having died in 1900.
Mr. Hord is a Mason, having membership in the Blue Lodge at Columbus, while his wife is with him a member, of the affiliated organiza- tion,— the Order of the Eastern Star. He is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. In religious connection, Mr. Hord is a Baptist, while Mrs. Hord is a Presbyterian. She is a member of the Topeka Chapter. Daughters of the American Revolution, being
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the only lady from Columbus that enjoys that distinction. Her brother is a member of the Sons of the Revolution.
gl OHN GRAY, one of the prosperous and highly respected farmers of Mineral township, where he owns a well culti- vated farm of 160 acres, was born in 1845, at Tewksbury, Massachusetts. He is a son of Jonathan and Phcebe (Batchelder) Gray.
Jonathan Gray died August 15, 1845, when his son, John, the youngest of the family of nine children, now the only surviving member of the family, was less than a year old. The mother was born at Reading, Massachusetts, and died at Tewksbury, aged 52 years. After the death of Jonathan Gray, the State of Mas- sachusetts bought his property, which was ad- vantageously located for public purposes, and thereon erected the State Alms House, where it still stands.
John Gray continued to farm in his native locality until 1863, when he enlisted for service in the Civil War, entering the 15th Massachu- setts Battery. He was mustered out when the war closed, in 1865, at Readville, Massachu- setts. In 1867 he went to Illinois, and there rented land for seven years, during which period he married. In 1873 he made a visit to Kansas, and finally purchased his present farm of 160 acres, in section 28, township 32, range 24, in Mineral township. In the following year he brought his family and has resided here ever since. He is engaged successfully in gen- eral farming, raises considerable stock, has fine orchards and excellent buildings and, in fact, has all the pleasant and convenient surround- ings which years of industry and good manage- ment have naturally procured. Many and great have been the changes wrought in Mineral 19
township since his settlement here, and he has done his full share in bringing about some of the most desirable of them. The children of Mineral township have, to-day, as good educa- tional opportunities and business chances, as have those of any other section of the country. For seven years Mr. Gray served on the School Board, and he has taken an interest in all pub- lic measures which have been of substantial benefit to this locality.
At Chebanse, Illinois, in 1870, Mr. Gray married Ellen Radley, who was born in In- diana. They have had nine children, viz : Martha, born in Illinois, who married Rev. J. H. Carter, a minister of the Methodist Church, in Washington, and has three children, — Beu- lah, Caroll and Forest; Lizzie, born in Illinois, who married Roy Duncan, and lives in Pleas- ant View township ; Nellie, born in Kansas, who married D. C. Eakin, and has twin chil- dren,— Ralph and Ray; John G., born in Kan- sas, who married Alta Johnston; Edith, who died in infancy ; and Lucy, William E., Tressa and Harry, all of whom were born in Kansas, and live at home.
In politics, Mr. Gray is a stanch Republi- can. He belongs to the Grand Army of the Republic, and was a charter member of the post in Chebanse, Illinois. He is one of the substantial farmers of this section, and one of its enterprising, progressive and representative citizens. Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Gray ac- company this sketch.
ILLIAM HENRY BARRETT, a large land owner and a prominent coal operator of Cherokee County, was born in 1857 in England, and is a son of Thomas M. and Mary Ann (Sampy) Barrett.
Thomas M. Barrett was born in Ireland in
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
1835, and during the whole of his active life fol- lowed coal mining, first in his own country, and later in Pennsylvania and Kansas. He iK .\v lives a retired life at Weir City. His wife died in Weir City in September, 1883. These parents had a family of nine children, of whom the survivors are, — William Henry ; Bartholo- mew, who married Bridget Phillips; Thomas; Joseph; Mary; and John, who married Ola Adams.
William Henry Barrett has been identified with coal mining ever since he was 11 years of age, beginning at the mouth of the pit, and going through all grades and degrees until he became an operator on leased land, and finally the owner and operator of great shafts of his own. There is little about the whole business, from every standpoint, with which Mr. Barrett is not acquainted. He accompanied his parents to America in i860, and grew to manhood at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. He followed mining there until he was 22 years of age, and then came to Kansas. He became an operator of coal mines in Cherokee township, Cherokee County. He has accumulated a large amount of land, aggregating 900 acres here, some of which he rents for farming purposes, and the rest he devotes to coal mining, operating the shafts himself. He owns mines in other locali- ties, some in Crawford County and some in Arkansas. He has mainly centered his interests in this business, and outside affairs and political office cannot tempt him from a field of activity in which he is master.
In 1 88 1, Mr. Barrett was married to Kate Walsh, who was born in Canada, reared in Ohio, and came to Cherokee County, Kansas, with her parents, who settled at Scammou, in Mineral township. Mr. and Mrs. Barrett have four children, all born at Weir City, Kansas, namely: Thomas, Mary, Kate and William.
.Mr. Barrett's success in life must be attrib- uted to his persevering industry and excellent
management. He started out in life as a poor boy, who had enjoyed few educational advan- tages. Now he is one of the capitalists of one of the leading counties of the great State of Kansas. Such success teaches a lesson to those who care to heed it.
DWIN ST. GEORGE NOBLE, who for a quarter of a century has been one of the prominent citizens and business men of Galena, has long been identified with the lead and zinc interests of this section and is at the present time presi- dent of the Galena Light & Power Company. He was born in County Meath, Ireland, in 1842, and is a son of Rev. Robert and Catherine (Burrowes) Noble.
Rev. Robert Noble was married October 25, I&33' to Catherine Burrowes, eldest daughter of Rev. James Annesley Burrowes, whose wife, Catherine Stock, was a daughter of Joseph Stock, D. D., Lord Bishop of Killala. Mrs. Noble was co-heir of Edward Smyth, Esq., of Callow Hill, County Fermanagh, Ireland, and a grand daughter of the Ven. James Smyth, Archdeacon of Meath, whose wife Catherine was a daughter of the Most Rev. John Vesey, Archbishop of Tuam. Mrs. Noble was born in County Sligo, Ireland, in 1809, and is still living at the advanced age of 95 years. She is a sister, of the late Judge Burrowes of Kings- ton, Ontario. Rev. Robert Noble, father of our subject, was born August 29, 1796, and died October 2, 1870. He was a prominent clergyman in the Church of England, and for a period of 40 years was rector of Athboy Parish, County Meath, Ireland. He and his wife became parents of a large famly of chil- dren, among them being: William Henry, de- ceased; John D'Oyly, mayor of Petrolea, On- tario; Edwin St. George, subject of this biog-
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raphy ; Robert D'Oyly, who was born July 6, 1846; Helen Catherine, who was married Au- gust 18. 1863, to Rev. Graham Craig, rector of Tullamore, and a son of Stewart Craig, Esq., of Banbridge, County Down, Ireland; Emily Mary, who was married May 25, 1864, to Robert Stewart Craig. Esq., son of Stewart Craig, Esq., of Banbridge, County Down, Ire- land ; and Maria Louisa, who was married April 7. 1877, to her first cousin, Edmond Noble Waller, Esq., third son of James Noble, Esq., of Allenstown, County Meath, Ireland.
A wedding that occurred June 14, 1904, at St. Catherine's Church, Tullamore, is of partic- ular interest as the contracting parties are closely related to the Noble family. The occa- sion was the marrige of Helen Mary Stewart Craig, a daughter of Most Rev. Dean Craig, to Capt. Robert Annesley Craig of the Royal Ar- tillery. Commander A. XV. Craig was best man, while the bridesmaids were Miss Sybil Noble, a daughter of Gen. William Henry No- ble, R. A., and a cousin of the bride, and Miss Muriel Toles-Durrow Abbey. The officiating clergyman was Most Rev. Dr. Keene, Lord Bishop of Meath, assisted by Rev. R. S. Craig and Rev. R. M. Craig. The costumes of the bridal party were creations of art, the decora- tions of the church superb, and withal it was an occasion long to be remembered by those for- tunate enough to be present. The bride's pres- ents were princely and included jewels of great value.
Gen. William Henry Noble, R. A., eldest son of Rev. Robert and Catherine (Burrowes) Noble, was born October 14, 1834. He re- ceived the degree of M. A. at Trinity College, also the degree of LL. D. He served as a lieu- tenant in the Royal Artillery and saw service in both hemispheres. He fought through the Afghan War, but will best be remembered as superintendent of gunpowder factories at Woolwich. During his tenure of that office
he made numerous improvements in the manu- facture of prismatic gunpowder, was the author of many books on military subjects, and an in- ventor of many scientific instruments relating to military manufacture. He died in the serv- ice May 17, 1892, at that time ranking as gen- eral in the Royal Artillery. On July 11, 1861, he was united in marriage with Emily Mar- riott, eldest daughter of Frederick Marriott, Esq., of Taunton, Somersetshire, England, and this union resulted in the birth of seven children. John D'Oyly Noble, second son of Rev. Robert and Catherine (Burrowes) Noble, was born November 17, 1835, and as early as 1862 came to America, locating in Canada. He was a vessel owner on the Canadian lakes until 1866, when he located at Petrolea, Ontario, as an oil operator. His first oil well yielded 266 barrels per day for three months, when a disas- arous conflagration caused by the carelessness of an engineer of a neighboring well destroyed his and some 20 other wells. The flames spread over 10 acres of oil-saturated ground and leaped 100 feet high, the fire lasting two weeks. Mr. Noble then with others inaugurated a sys- tem of underground storage tanks, which they connected by pipe lines with the different re- fineries. He is one of the most enterprising oil producers of Canada, having been managing director of the Petrolea Oil Company, vice- president of the Petrolea Crude Oil and Tank- ing Company, vice-president and managing director of the Crown Warehousing Company, and is a large stockholder in each. He has consolidated all of his oil interests with others into a company known as the Canadian Oil Fields, Limited, and by bringing them under a single management has effected a great saving in running expenses. He has sunk and operated in all, over 300 wells, and has given employment to hundreds of men. Mr. Noble was appointed delegate to the first petroleum congress, which was held at
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Paris in 1900, during the Paris Exposition. He read a paper on the Canadian oil industry before that body. For some years he occupied a seat on the Municipal Board of Petrolea and is at the present time serving in the capacity of mayor. In religious belief, he is an Episco- palian and has served as church warden and lay delegate to the Synod of Huron. August 26, 1869, he was united in marriage with Helen Kirkpatrick, who is a daughter of Judge Kirk- patrick of Peterboro and a cousin of the late Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario. Four sons have blessed this union, namely : Robert Kirk- patrick, Stafford D'Oyly, James Burrowes and Ernest Annesley.
Edwin St. George Noble received his early education in Kingston, near Dublin, and at Brussels, Belgium, after which he completed a scientific course in the Royal College of Sci- ence, Dublin, pursuing special courses in min- eralogy and chemistry. In December, i860, he came to America to join his brother, John D. Noble, and immediately went to the latter' s lead mines in Newton County, Missouri, known as Granby mines. He took charge of individual lead and zinc mines in and around Granby, Missouri, and in 1877 came to Galena, Kansas, to look over the field. He again came to Galena in 1880 and has remained here continuously ever since. He served as superintendent of various mining companies and also mined some on his own account. He had charge of the Cornwall Mining Company, the Stanley mine, the Galena Lead & Zinc Mining Company, the Cyclone Mines, the Wyandotte Lead & Zinc Company and the Owl Mining Company, whose property is located on Owl Creek, inside the city limits. He became identified with the Galena Light & Power Company, and in 1900 was elected president, a position he has filled in a most creditable manner since. The other offi- cers are : A. M. McPherson, vice-president, and J. Shomon, secretary and treasurer. The plant
has a 400-horsepower Corliss engine, two 200- pound marine boilers, and a Morrison fur- nace. This company has been gradually ex- tending its business and in 1903 began furnish- ing light and power to Empire City. Mr. Noble is also a member of the Galena Commer- cial Club. He is one of the enterprising spirits of the city, and has an extensive acquaintance throughout this section of the State.
REDERICK W. SIMKIN, one of the pioneer settlers of Cherokee County, and a well known and esteemed resi- dent of Columbus, was born April 10, 1848, at Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, Eng- land, and is a son of Capt. George and Char- lotte (Watson) Simkin.
Capt. George Simkin was a captain in the merchant marine of Great Britain, and followed a seafaring life until his death, which occurred about 1857. In 1858 the mother, with her three sons, George Watson, Charles Edward ana Frederick W., came to America. The family spent a few months in New York city and then moved to Leesburg, Kosciusko County, Indi- ana, where the mother died in 1867, aged 46 years. Both brothers of the subject of this sketch served in the Civil War.
Frederick W. Simkin attended school in Leesburg, where he continued to live until 1869. when he decided to accompany W. M. Benham, Albert Fisher and A. D. Watts to Cherokee County, Kansas. They took up ad- joining claims, three of them lying side by side, Mr. Simkin's land was the northwest quarter of section 25, township 32, range 23, in Ross township, three and a half miles north, and a half mile west of the center of the present city of Columbus. He improved his farm and spent about 30 years there, successfully engaged in farming and in raising of fruit and vegeta-
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bles. In 1902 he removed to Columbus, hav- ing leased his farm to the Fleming Coal Com- pany, of Parsons, Kansas.
Air. Simkin was married in Indiana, on August 7, 1869, to Mary A. Ervin, who was born in Kosciusko County, Indiana, and is a daughter of John and Mary (Harris) Ervin, who were farmers in Indiana. There the father died in 1842, aged 44 years, and the mother, in 1872, aged 59 years. Mrs. Simkin is next to the youngest in a family of eight children, viz: John M., a resident of Ross township; Charles, who died in Indiana; Mrs. Elizabeth Kibler, of Oswego, Indiana ; Mrs. Sarah Rowbotham, who died in 1878 in Indi- ana ; Mrs. Angeline McDevitt, of Indianapolis, Indiana; William, of Ohio; Mary A. (Mrs. Simkin) ; and Susan, who died aged 10 years.
Mrs. Simkin was born May 19, 1848, and was reared in Indiana. She accompanied Mr. Simkin, after their marriage, to his pioneer home in Cherokee County. As did other brave women of that day, who like her faced drudg- ery, monotony and deprivations of all sorts with a courage and cheerfulness almost beyond belief, she lived through trying times, and can recall conditions and events of those early days, of the most interesting character. The eight children resulting from this marriage were as follows: Mary, born August 5, 1870, who died September 9, 1870; Jessie G., born Jan- uary 31, 1872, who married I. W. Shaw, lives four miles north of Columbus, and has three children, — Fern, Thelma and Charles ; Bessie, who was born March 18, 1874, and died aged 19 months; George E., who was born April 10, 1877, and died at Columbus, aged 19 years; Charles Ervin, born September 3, 1879; Net- tie E., a teacher, born October 28, 1881 ; and Eulalia, born October 19, 1883, and Frederick \\\. born November 6, 1886, who are at home.
Politically, Mr. Simkin has always found his ideals in the Republican party. Fraternally
he is a Mason and Knight Templar, belonging to the Oswego Commandery, and was a charter member of the Knights of Pythias lodge at Co- lumbus. Mrs. Simkin is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star, the Rebekahs and the Knights and Ladies of Security. They belong to the Presbyterian Church.
ILLIAM HENRY HORNOR, de- ceased, a prominent member of the legal profession, was one of the most influential and public-spirited citizens of Baxter Springs, in whose growth and development he was a conspicuous figure. Mr. Hornor was born in Lumberport, Har- rison County, Virginia, now West Virginia, April 23, 1 841. He received his education in Middlebourne, West Virginia, supplemented by a college course at Morgantown, in the same State. He was admitted to the bar and during his early manhood practiced in the courts of West Virginia and Kentucky. In May, 1867, he came West to Fort Scott, Kansas, and a short time later removed to Baxter Springs, where he resided until his death on May 31, 1903. He came to the city at a time when lawlessness and crime were prevalent, but was unalterably op- posed to the organization of a vigilance com- mittee and lynch law, believing that the maj- esty of the law should be upheld and that the courts should deal with every alleged offender. He believed that men composing a vigilance committee might in the heat of passion wrong- fully punish an innocent man and that if the accused were given jury trials and permitted to defend themselves, errors might be avoided. The vigilance committee was composed of men of influence in the community and Mr. Hor- nor's attitude in this matter was unpopular, but with characteristic straighforwardness he main- tained his course in this matter, as in all others
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when lie believed lie was in the right. He took great pride in his citizenship in Baxter Springs and as he was considered a remarkably shrewd business man, as well as an able lawyer, was actively associated with all enterprises tending toward the progress and development of the city. He was greatly instrumental in inducing the "Gulf" railroad to construct a line through Baxter Springs, going to Boston with Lucien Denton, then the mayor of Baxter Springs, to close the deal. He met with General Blair and Mr. Pratt and settled the bonded indebtedness of the city in the matter of the "Gulf" railroad. He was identified with much of the important litigation in this community, among other cases the celebrated damage suit of Stone and Gove against the city, out of which he secured a good settlement. As a citizen he was always fore- most in advancing the interests of his home city, and was indefatigable in his efforts to promote its welfare. For many years he was owner of the private bank known as the Dro- vers' and Farmers' Bank, established by him, and served as its president. In politics he was a Republican and for a time \vas mayor of the city. He was not a man to cast a vote for one party or the other at all elections, but voted for the candidate best fitted for the office.
In June, 1862, Mr. Hornor was united in marriage with Adelaide Neale, a daughter of Alfred and Clementine (Saunders) Neale of Neale's Island, West Virginia. Mr. Hornor was a man who loved his church and it was chiefly through his influence that the Protestant Episcopal Church at Baxter Springs was built. He was the first senior warden and remained such until his death. He would often gather flowers to adorn it. kept up repairs and gave it his liberal financial support. He was buried from the chapel, the funeral services being con- ducted by Rev. J. C. Ferrier. rector of the Epis- copal Church in Pittsburg, Kansas, and in memory of his labors the chapel was beauti-
fully decorated with wild flowers. The Chero- kee County Bar Association attended in a body and joined in showing their regard and the loss they felt at his demise. Fraternally, he was a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and the Knights and Ladies of Se- curity.
L. MAJORS, city attorney of Galena, and one of the most promising young lawyers of Cherokee County, was born in Crawford County, Kan- sas, in 1871, and is a son of E. W. and Eliza- beth E. (Townsend) Majors.
E. W. Majors was born in Iowa in the year 1840 and there grew to manhood, taking part in the great civil struggle as a cavalryman from Iowa for a period of almost five years, during which time he participated in some of the fier- cest engagements of the Rebellion. In 1869 he moved to Crawford County, Kansas, and en- gaged in ranching, his herds grazing over the open prairie. But this was all changed when the settlers from the East came pouring into the State and the herd law went into effect. Then it became necessary for each herd to be confined to its own pasture and Mr. Majors took up a claim where he continued to live until 1874 or 1875, when he removed to Girard, Kan- sas, where he now lives in easy retirement. He was united in marriage to Elizabeth E. Town- send who was born in Knox County, Missouri, in 1849, and six children were born to them, five of whom are living.
A. L. Majors received his primary educa- tion in the public schools of Girard, graduating with the class of 1889. The following two years were spent in teaching and he then entered the Indiana Normal College, from which he graduated in 1894. Having decided upon the law as his profession, he entered the Kansas State University at Lawrence, was admitted to
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the bar in 1899 and the same year opened a law office in Galena, where he has since been active- ly engaged in the practice of his profession. He has been prominently identified with the best interests of Galena, has made many friends and is regarded as one of the city's most relia- ble, substantial citizens. He has been closely associated with the best legal talent, having served as deputy county attorney two years, and as the present city attorney of Galena he has gained a practical experience by which he has not failed to profit.
Mr. Majors has been active in politics, and has taken a deep interest in both city and county committee meetings. In 1902 he was nominated on the Fusion ticket for county at- torney but was defeated. While he is interested to some extent in mining, his time and atten- tion are devoted to his official duties and his success in his business is only exceeded by his growing popularity. Fraternally he is a mem- ber of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Elks and the Knights of Pythias.
AMES J. FRIBLEY, for many years one of the most active and successful business men of Baxter Springs, is at the present time living a retired life. He was born in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, December 2, 1842, and is a son of Daniel and Leah (Edmunds) Fribley.
Jacob Fribley, great-grandfather of our subject, came from Germany and located in Pennsylvania in the latter part of the 18th cen- tury. He had a son Jacob, born in Pennsylva- nia, who followed the occupation of a farmer and in 18 16 located in Tuscarawas County, Ohio. The latter married Elizabeth Woods, by whom he had the following children : John, Margaret; Daniel, James, Thompson, David, Mary, Enoch, Elsie, Jacob and Elizabeth.
Daniel Fribley, the father of our subject, was born in Milton, Pennsylvania, August 12, 181 2, removed to Ohio with his parents at the age of four years, and received his education in the district schools there. After leaving school, he purchased a piece of timber land which he cleared and improved and followed farming and stock-raising, raising horses and sheep on an extensive scale. The land re- mained in his possession until 1903, at which time he deeded it to his children. He married Leah Edmunds, a daughter of Edward and Susan (Rhodes) Edmunds, who originally came from Vermont and Pennsylvania, respec- tively, and they had the following issue : Ed- ward, a retired farmer of Assumption, Illinois; Wesley, who died in 1862 of measles at an army hospital in Memphis, Tennessee ; James J. ; Cornelia, who resides on the old family homestead in Ohio; Ellen L., wife of Lyman Hardman, a hardware merchant of New Phil- adelphia, Ohio; Susan N., wife of Dr. J. W. Toland, a Methodist Episcopal clergyman of Coshocton, Ohio; Lambert E., a stock dealer of New Philadelphia, Ohio ; Milton D., who is traveling through Texas, Indian Territory and Arkansas for the Tuscarawas Advertising Company of Coshocton, Ohio; and Charles J., who is in the hotel business in Spring-field, Illi- nois. Mrs. Fribley died in 1883, and Mr. Fribley died at New Philadelphia, September 16, 1904, at the advanced age of 92 years.
James J. Fribley received his educational training in the public schools of New Phila- delphia, Ohio, which he attended until his 18th year. At the outbreak of the war, in answer to Lincoln's first call, he enlisted in Company F, 1 6th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and was discharged four months later. He reenlisted August 12, 1862, in Company K, 98th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and in the battle of Perry ville, Kentucky, on October 8th, was shot through the right shoulder, and was sent to the hospital. He was
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unable to join bis regiment for a year and served in tbe hospital service until January, 1864, when he rejoined his regiment and served through the Atlantic campaign as a member of tbe 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 14th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland. He was mustered out in July, 1865, and returned home. After spending tbe following winter in school, he engaged in the grocery business in Uhrichsville, Ohio, for two years, then clerked in the grocery and hardware store of M. R. Haskins & Son for two years, and after tbe store was bought by Wesley Crale managed it for 15 months. He next engaged in that line of business on bis own account, and added 1<> it a line of dry goods. He continued until January 1, 1882, then sold out, removed to Baxter Springs, Cherokee County, Kansas, and for four years raised cattle and sheep in the Indian Territory. He next purchased the L. C. Fuller hardware store, which he con- ducted until the spring of 1903, adding thereto a full line of farm implements. He sold out in 1903 to G. E. Rucker, but still owns the buildings.
On January 1, 1868, Mr. Fribley was joined in marriage with Mary Alma Johnson, a daugh- ter of Elias and Matilda (Campbell) Johnson, of Harrison County, Ohio. Three children were born to them, of whom two sons are liv- ing. The older son, Charles J., who is in the implement business at Miami, Indian Territory, married Lelia Sands, a daughter of Robert Sands of Baxter Springs, and four children were born to them as follows: Wood S., James K., Robert C. and Lelia. Edward J., the second son, is cashier of the Arnold Carni- val Company. Religiously, Mrs. Fribley is a consistent member of tbe Christian Church. In politics, our subject is a stanch supporter of Republican principles, held a number of local offices in his native county, and has been a member of the City Council of Baxter
Springs two terms, and mayor, one term. He is president of the School Board and formerly was president of the Inter-State Reunion As- sociation, of which he is now treasurer. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica ; Ancient Order of United Workmen ; Bax- ter Chapter, No. 78, Royal Arch Masons ; Ga- lena Commandery, Knights Templar; and the Grand Army of the Republic. He is a man who stands very high in the esteem of his fel- low men, and has always been found among the most public spirited citizens of Baxter Springs.
HILIP C. METZLER, of Columbus, manager of the Columbus Vitrified Brick Company, was born at Marine, Illinois, February 4, 1869, and is a son of C. G. and Margaret (Healy) Metzler.
The father of Mr. Metzler was born in Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, in 1844, and died at Columbus, Kansas, in 1898. When 16 years of age he came to America, and learned and followed the brick manufacturing business at St. Louis, Missouri. In 1874 he came to Weir City, Kansas, and went to work in the clay de- partment of one of the zinc companies, where he was engaged in the manufacture of retorts, tile, etc., until 1881, when he removed to Co- lumbus and established the above named brick plant. He commenced the manufacture of building brick and drain tile, and the products of his establishment were used exclusively in the building of the first houses in Columbus. He was tbe pioneer in this line here, and until his death supplied most of the bricks used here for building purposes. His widow survives, with two children, — Philip C. and Catherine (Mrs. George Gallagher), of Columbus. Two chil- dren died young. Mr. Metzler was a member, in good standing, of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Select Knights.
id
Le^tf^,
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Philip C. Metzler was reared and schooled at Columbus. In 1889 he became associated with his father in the brick-making business, which he has continued alone since his father's death. His practical knowledge of brickmak- ing contributes to his efficiency as manager of the Columbus Vitrified Brick Company.
Mr. Metzler was married at Galena, in the fall of 1903, to Lillian Balch, of that city. Politically, Mr. Metzler is a Democrat, and a very zealous and influential member of his party. He served as president of the Bryan Club during the presidential campaign of 1900 and has been a member of the Democratic County Central Committee and a delegate to numerous conventions. His fraternal and social connections are with the Modern Wood- men of America ; Degree of Honor ; Royal Neighbors ; Select Knights and Ladies of Honor; and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, in which he is master workman. He belongs also to the Anti-Horse Thief Asso- ciation. In religious belief, he is a Catholic.
RANKLIN ELLIOTT, county treas- urer of Cherokee County, whose por- trait appears on the opposite pag'e, is the owner of a fine farm of 200 acres in section 26, township 33, range 24, in Craw- ford township, and has been a resident of Co- lumbus since the fall of 1903. He was born in 1842 in Henry County, Indiana, and is a son of Solomon and Penelope (Morris) Elliott. Solomon Elliott and his wife were born in Indiana and came from Quaker ancestry. The great-grandfather on the paternal side was born in North Carolina, and as far back as can be traced the family has lived up to the faith of peace and simplicity advocated by the follow- ers of that early reformer, George Fox.
Solomon Elliott died in Indiana about 1902,
aged 83 years. In his locality he was consid- ered a just man, and to him were entrusted the estates of many minors, his integrity of character being above question. His wife also died in Indiana, aged 65 years. Of their chil- dren, Franklin was the eldest, the others being as follows : Martin Luther, a carpenter by trade, and now a resident of Carthage, Mis- souri ; Emma F., who died in Ohio, several years ago ; Lindley, now an invalid, and a resi- dent of Carthage, Missouri, who formerly served four years in the collector's office in that city; Laura C, who is the wife of William Mills, of Indiana ; Amanda, who has been a teacher in the public schools at Moline, Illinois, for a number of years ; and Milo P., who has recently located near Salem, Oregon, having formerly managed the home farm in Indiana.
The subject of this sketch was educated at Earlham College, at Richmond, Indiana, after serving his country for three years during the Civil War. He enlisted in 1861 in Com- pany A, 36th Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf., as a private. His first baptism of fire was on the field of Shiloh. His regiment was first attached to the 2 1 st Army Corps, which was in the ad- vance guard of General Buell's army, and Mr. Elliott was a participant in that campaign. On December 31, 1862, he was wounded, at Mur- freesboro, and again, on October 19, 1863, at Chickamauga. While the first wound was slight, the second was of a very serious nature, and was complicated by his being taken pris- oner. He later secured a parole, but recovered sufficiently to take part in the siege of Atlanta and the battle at Jonesboro south of that city. In the fall of 1864, he returned to Indiana, with the record of a brave and gallant soldier, who was never absent from his post of duty except when incapacitated by wounds.
Mr. Elliott then entered college where by close application he was able to cover the three- year course in two and a half years, but at the
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expense of his health. Prior to leaving col- lege he began to preach, a profession he fol- lowed for about 30 years, although not con- tinuously. His ability was recognized by vari- ous educational institutions, and he received numerous flattering offers, but his health con- tinued to be so precarious that he felt obliged to decline them all ; he continued, however, to make some mental efforts and did a little farm work. He accepted a position as school teacher and spent several months in that occupation in Indiana. Then at the solicitation of Prof. Jo- seph Moore, one of his admirers and a former instructor, he went to Deep River, North Caro- lina, where he assisted in normal school work.
Mr. Elliott continued to improve in health, and later accepted a position in a college at Friendsville, Tennessee. This was quite a dis- tance from his previous location, but Mr. Elliott decided to make of the journey a partial walk- ing trip. From Deep River to Knoxville was something of a journey, thence to Concord was another, and from there to Friendsville he made his way entirely on foot, over a but little traveled highway. He safely reached the quiet little Quaker village, and was welcomed with the heartiness of simple people, and the respect which attaches itself to superior educational requirements in a locality of that kind. There he opened Xewburg Academy, with about 60 young men and women from the town and its vicinity and numerous children ; he had an enrollment of from 125 to 140 pupils during his two years in that school.
Mr. Elliott then returned to Indiana and took up the study of dentistry, which he pur- sued for one year, after which he was tempted to return to teaching, by the offer of what he considered a sufficient salary, as principal of the Little Rock (Arkansas) High School. Prior to taking up the duties of this promising position, he went to Tennessee, and was mar- ried in Blount County. After spending one
vear at Little Rock, he returned to Blount County and there entered upon educational work, being elected superintendent of the schools of that county, a position to which he was reelected. Before he had completed his second term, he resigned the position, in order to go to the Indian Territory as a missionary to the Indians.
In 1879, Mr. Elliott, with his wife and two children, located at Shawneetown, Indian Ter- ritory, where he remained six years, lacking one month, devoting himself to work with the Pot- tawatomies and Shawnees. Then he removed to Independence, Montgomery County, Kan- sas, where he remained during the winter, com- ing to Cherokee County in April, 1884. He located at what was called "Timbered Hill," but is now known as "Quaker," a station on the Missouri. Kansas & Texas Railway, in Crawford township. Flere he purchased a farm of 40 acres, the nucleus of his present fine farm of 200 acres. It was formerly a nursery, and was very valuable property on account of being well stocked with fine fruit, the cultiva- tion and sale of which have for years resulted in a large addition to his income. His peaches and cherries are his most reliable crops, and both do well. He has also carried on general farming, meeting with excellent success and, with the exception of six years spent in Iowa in ministerial work, the farm continued to be his home until his election to his present posi- tion required his residence in Columbus.
In the fall of 1884, Mr. Elliott went to Iowa and was followed by his family in the succeeding spring. As before mentioned, he spent six years in that State. He was pastor of the Congregational Church at Monona, Clayton County, for 16 months; of that at Eagle Grove, Wright County, over two years, and for two years he preached at Manson, Iowa. During this time the farm had been leased. Since his return to it, he has not been
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engaged actively in church work, giving his attention almost exclusively to his farm, and to performing the duties of township treas- urer, trustee, and member of the School Board. Mr. Elliott first married Lyda G. Grinnell, born in Indiana, daughter of Rev. Jeremiah A. Grinnell, a Quaker minister, who had trav- eled far and wide. Rev. Mr. Grinnell was born . in Vermont, where he married Martha Tabor, who died in Tennessee, while his death, in ad- vanced age, took place in California. Exclu- sive of Mrs. Elliott, his children were: Dr. F., of Pasadena, California; Rev. S. S., a graduate first, of Marysville College, Tennessee, then of Oberlin College, Ohio, and lastly of Harvard, who entered the Congregational ministry, and died in California; Edwin, lately deceased at Des Moines, Iowa, who was an editor, a mem- ber of the Iowa State Senate, and later a min- ister; Mrs. Rose Hastings, of Maryville, Ten- nessee; Mrs. Mary Alfred, who died in the Indian Territory, leaving three sons, now at Hampton Institute, Virginia ; and Eveline, wife of Rev. William Cleaver, a Quaker minister at Carthage, Indiana. Mrs. Elliott died in Iowa in 1889, aged 42 years, and was buried at Des Moines. She was the mother of seven children, the youngest of whom, Albert, a babe, died soon after her decease. The others are as follows : Ethel, a professional nurse, who was born in Tennessee ; Clara, born also in Tennes- see, who is a teacher in the city schools at Co- lumbus ; Carl, born in the Indian Territory, who graduated in May, 1904, from the Chero- kee County High School; Wilmot, who is a farmer on the homestead in Crawford town- ship ; Theron, who is engaged in fruit growing in Oregon ; and a son, who died in infancy, in Tennessee.
Mr. Elliott married, second, Annie Kenyon, who was born in Iowa, of Rhode Island parent- age. Two children resulted from their union, —
Laura, who died aged six months, in Cherokee County, and Sarah Kenyon.
For many years Mr. Elliott was a member of the Grand Army of the Republican Iowa, and was active in the affairs of the post at Eagle Grove. He is a Mason, was formerly identified with the Odd Fellows, and belongs to the or- ganization known as the Anti-Horse Thief As- sociation. Mr. Elliott commands the universal respect and confidence of his fellow citizens, and they could not have placed their financial interests in more capable hands. In politics, he has always been an ardent Republican, and has served the public in many official capacities. He was elected to his present office of county treasurer in 1902.
M. JONES, one of the leading busi- ness men of Columbus, who operates the only granite and marble plant in the city, is one of the early settlers of Cherokee County. He was born at Troy, New York, in 1846, and is a son of J. A. and Mary (Smith) Jones.
Probably all the branches of the Jones fam- ily originated in Wales, and the subject of this sketch belongs to a branch that settled in Ver- mont where its members took prominent parts in early colonial affairs, and became especially notable in the Revolutionary War. The pater- nal grandfather served in that struggle with the rank of major, and later married a member of the wealthy and distinguished Jerome family in the vicinity of Troy, New York.
J. A. Jones was born in 1820, and died at Columbus, Kansas, in 1896, aged 76 years. His business was contracting and building, and during his residence of 12 years in Sandusky County, Ohio (from 1853 to 1865), he was engaged in furnishing wood, ties, etc., for rail-
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road construction. In 1865 he removed to Missouri and bought a farm in the vicinity of Cameron, on which he resided until he removed to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1869. Mr. Jones settled his family on a farm, but his time was mainly occupied at his trade. He erected many of the early buildings on the public square at Columbus, and built the first Court House. He became one of the representative men of the place, and for a long period served as a justice of the peace. His wife was born in 1821, and died at Columbus in 1900, at the ripe age of 80 years.
D. M. Jones was the eldest of the family of six children, the others being as follows: Helen M., deceased, who was the wife of W. S. King, of Chanute, Kansas; Charles B., who is a shoemaker of Columbus ; Mary, widow of Ex-Probate Judge H. C. Purcell, who resides in Kansas City; Mrs. Josephine Meads, who is a resident of Greeley, Colorado ; and John M., a contractor and builder, who was engaged for two and a half years on the magnificent struct- ures of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis, Missouri.
The subject of this sketch was schooled in Ohio, from which State he enlisted in 1861 in Company A, 72nd Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and at the expiration of his first term of service re- enlisted in the First Ohio Heavy Artillery, in which he served until August 9, 1865. He then returned to Ohio, and afterward joined the other members of his family in Missouri. He remained at home until his marriage, en- gaged in farming and stock-raising. In No- vember, 1869, ne came to Cherokee County, Kansas, having started a month previously to drive the distance from Cameron, Missouri. He located on a claim four miles northeast of Columbus. On December 31, 1881, he re- moved to Columbus and embarked in his pres- ent granite and marble business, in which he has so greatly prospered.
This plant is located on Maple avenue, one and a half blocks east 01 the northeast corner of the square. The building, which was erected by Mr. Jones, is equipped with every modern kind of machinery known for the perfect and successful carrying on of this business. A gaso- line engine of 10-horsepower is used, together with an air compressor having a capacity of 30 cubic feet a minute, for running the pneu- matic tools, polishers, chain-hoist and swinging crane, and a large outside derrick. Mr. Jones has arranged a commodious display yard at the north side of the building, facing Maple ave- nue, while the workrooms and machinery are in the immediate rear of the office and display salesroom. This workroom is a very interest- ing place to visit, as about half a dozen skilled workmen are there employed, who produce ar- tistic results of exceeding .beauty. Mr. Jones uses Vermont marble and granite almost exclu- sively, which naturally acquire a high degree of polish. His two traveling salesmen cover portions of Kansas, Missouri and a part of Oklahoma, but Mr. Jones has placed monu- ments in various other localities, — one in Penn- sylvania, one in Indiana and several in Illinois. His interests here are so great that he devotes his exclusive attention to this plant.
Mr. Jones married Clara B. Hicks, who was born in Owen County, Indiana, and is a daugh- ter of John T. Hicks, formerly a carpenter and farmer, and now living retired at Columbus. They have three children : Bertha, who is at home; Edgar A., associated with his father in the marble business ; and Lawrence Raymond, a high school student.
Mr. Jones has always been identified with the Democratic party, has taken an active part in civic affairs, and has frequently served on the School Board. He stands as one of the representative business men of Columbus, and owns probably the best marble and granite plant in the State.
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F. PINSON, senior member of the firm of J. F. Pinson & Son, grocers of Galena, is one of the most prosper- ous merchants of the city. He has long been closely identified with the interests of the place, materially aiding in its develop- ment as a councilman and as a public spirited citizen. He is at the present time serving Ga- lena as city treasurer.
Mr. Pinson was born in Hendricks County, Indiana, July 29, 1846, and is a son of John and Rebecca (Hawkins) Pinson, being one of six children born to his parents. His father was born in North Carolina and his mother, in Virginia; they settled in Indiana as early as 1823.
Our subject was reared on a farm and re- ceived a limited education in the common schools of the home community. He first en- gaged in farming for some years, after which he turned his attention to merchandising which he has followed continuously ever since, with the exception of a short period spent at farming in Kansas. He came West to Cherokee Coun- ty, Kansas, in January, 1880; soon after he became employed as a clerk in a grocery, and followed that line of work for several years. His son also gained experience as a clerk, and together they established their present store on South Main street, January 1, 1899. Being men of experience and enterprise, their success was assured, and each succeeding year since its inception this store has increased its stock to keep pace with the laregly extended trade. J. F. Pinson served four successive years as a member of the City Council, and in April, 1899, was elected city treasurer on the Republican ticket, William Smith, who is now postmaster of Galena, being at that time mayor. Mr. Pinson succeeded O. E. Allen as treasurer, and is still efficiently discharging the duties of that office.
On September 16, 1868, the subject of this
sketch was united in marriage in Marion Coun- ty, Indiana, with Esther Kellum, who is a daughter of John Kellum of that county. Four children were born to bless this union, namely : John, Ward, Nora and Wallace. Politically, Mr. Pinson is a stanch Republican and lends his utmost endeavor to the success of the party. He has frequently served as delegate to county conventions. Fraternally, he is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and the Sons and Daughters of Justice. He also be- longs to the Commercial Club of Galena.
ON. GEORGE W. WOODS, who was formerly one of the prominent men of Cherokee County, Kansas, which he represented in the State Legislature for two terms (1872 and 1873) was born in 1827, in Frankfort, Kentucky, and died at the mines, near Springfield, Missouri, in 1887, aged 60 years.
While still young, Mr. Woods removed to Owen County, Indiana, with his parents, and was reared, educated, and, later, married in that locality. In 1853, six years after his mar- riage, he moved to Greene County, Iowa, where he was engaged in the milling business for three years. He then located in Douglas Coun- ty, Kansas, where he bought a farm of 160 acres and followed fanning until 1869. In that year he came to Cherokee Count}-, and settled down three miles east of the present city of Columbus. The city did not then ex- tend beyond the box house of John Appleby, situated on a tract which he took as a claim, on the present site of the Cherokee County Poor Farm. In 1884, Mr. Woods sold his farm, went to Galena and became interested in the mining operations there, going thence to Lawrence County, Missouri, where he was en- gaged in mining until his death.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Mr. Woods was married in Owen County, Indiana, to Cassie Abrell, who is now deceased ; and her remains, together with those of her husband, rest in the cemetery at Columbus. Their eight children were as follows: Robert, a farmer, who lives in Minnesota; Willis, a farmer of Lincoln County, Oklahoma ; Mrs. Adelle Stockley, a widow, living in Colorado; Isaac, a cowboy in Colorado; James and Den- ver, both of Colorado; George, who is in the transfer business at Galena ; and Helen Eliza- beth, deceased in 1882, who was the wife of G. W. Crawford, now a resident of Texas.
For a long period Mr. Woods was promi- nent in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. A stanch Democrat, he took a leading part in political affairs in the county, was" respected for the consistency of his principles, and was a standard bearer who won the approbation of the public. He was captain of the "Land League" organized here in the early days for the defense of the settlers' title to the Cherokee Neutral Lands. His name belongs on the hon- orable roll of the early settlers of Cherokee County, the directors of her public policies and promoters of her material development.
OHN P. BELTZHOOVER. Among the names of the wealthy and promi- nent residents of Cherokee County, is found that of John P. Beltzhoover, a farmer of Spring Valley township, who lives on 135 acres of land in section 16, township 35, range 24. He was born in Cumberland County, Virginia. October 8, 1825.
Jacob Beltzhoover, our subject's father, was born in York County, Pennsylvania, in 1805, and there acquired the education which was to ! e obtained in the schools of the rural districts of th< I 1 I .it that lime. Making the most of the few available advantages, he put to good
use the knowledge acquired and taking up the occupation of farming he made a success of that business. Along with his farming he often did teaming for other people. To his marriage to Rebecca Leidig, one son was born, John P., the subject of this sketch. After Mrs. Beltz- hoover's death, in 1828, he married her sister, who died shortly after. A later marriage was consummated when Louisa Jacobs of York County, Pennsylvania, became his wife. To them were born three children : George, a resi- dent of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania ; Mrs. Susan Weaver; and Mary Ellen. In 1864 the family removed to Williamsport, Pennsylvania, where Jacob Beltzhoover died in 1876.
John P. Beltzhoover, the subject of this sketch, was educated at Mount Rock, Pennsyl- vania, completing the course at the age of 15. After leaving school, he worked for his father as teamster for 10 years. After that 12 years more were spent on a farm in Cumberland County in the same State. In 1866 he moved to Clinton County, Illinois, where he located on a farm and lived for 18 years, making improve- ments and building up a home for himself. In 1884 he purchased the farm in Cherokee Coun- ty, Kansas, where the family have since lived.
In 1 85 1 Mr. Beltzhoover was united in marriage to Hannah Nagle of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. The children of this union are : Jacob, who married Josephine Geiger, lives in Clinton County. Illinois, and has seven children, — Clara E., Dorothea, George, Anna, Mazie, John and Edith ; Jennie, who married Edward A. Ennis, a dealer in musical instruments living in Centralia, Illi- nois, and has four children, — Harry, Delia, Thomas and Edgar ; Ida. who married William Lieth, formerly of Clinton County, Illinois, and has three children: Annie, who first mar- ried William Stewart, a stock dealer of San- doval, Illinois, and by this union had two chil-
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dren, one of whom is living, — Lola ; her second marriage was to Frederick Bartole, and to them a daughter was born, — Mona ; and Jennie, who is the wife of A. E. Ennis, of Centralia, Illinois. On June 24, 1876, our subject contracted a second marriage, the bride being Mrs. Rachel (Watts) Thompson, daughter of James and Mary (Gilmer) Watts, the former a native of South Carolina, and the latter, of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Beltzhoover was born in Allen County, Ohio, December 25, 1844. The three children to the marriage are, — Rachel, who married Orrin Callis, a farmer of Spring Valley town- ship, and has two children, — Jessie and John William ; and Nola and Mayme, who are still at home.
Mr. Beltzhoover casts his vote for the Re- publican party and advocates' Republican prin- ciples at all times. He is a member of the I. O. O. O. F. Our subject is a lover of home, and in all the countryside there is perhaps no more beautiful home than the one occupied by Mr. and Mrs. Beltzhoover. Here, surrounded by some of the best farm land to be found in the county, they quietly live, busy with the numer- ous tasks of the farm, or in hospitably enter- taining their hosts of friends.
EORGE F, BRAUN. president of the LaHarpe Smelting Company, with offices at Galena, is one of the most successful dealers in ore in this sec- tion of the State. He has been and is still identified with many prominent companies, and has made this business his life work.
Mr. Braun was born in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1 87 1, and is a son of George H. and Emma Braun, residents of St. Louis, where the father is a commission merchant and an extensive dealer in grain. The union of our subject's parents was blessed
with the following chil-
dren : Minnie, who lives in St. Louis ; George F. ; Fred, who is in the office with our subject at Galena; and Clara (Schlosstein), of St. Louis.
George F. Braun received a superior educa- tion in the public schools and in Washington University at St. Louis. Upon leaving school he became identified with his present occupa- tion,— buying ore, mining and smelting. He came to Galena, Kansas, in 1890, and bought ore for the Picher Lead Company, of Joplin, Missouri, and he still represents them. He was also with the Collinsville Zinc Company until 1896, and from that date until 1902 rep- resented the Nicholson Smelting Company. In 1903, he was identified with the Prince West- ern Smelting Company, and on November 1st of that year began for himself, establishing the LaHarpe Smelting Company of LaHarpe, Kansas, with the ore-purchasing department at Galena. He has met with unqualified success and has sold some of his interests to New York capitalists. The plant at LaHarpe covers 10 acres of ground, on which there is a large brick building, 65 by 100 feet in dimensions, and eight furnaces in all. It is located on the Mis- souri Pacific and Missouri, Kansas & Texas roads, three switches from each road affording exceptional railroad facilities. The average number of men employed is 100. The latest pattern of smelters and all modern machinery are used, and 50 tons of raw ore are treated per day. Mr. Braun is also interested in the Palmetto Mining Company, the Riverside Min- ing Company, the Red Rose Mining Company, and the South Side Mining & Manufacturing Company, of which he is vice-president. In 1901 he erected one of the most beautiful homes in the county at Spring Grove, and the grounds surrounding the house are of especial beauty. Flowers of many varieties are raised, also shrubs, and some of the roses grown there have measured six inches in diameter.
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Mr. Braun was married in Galena, Febru- ary 10, 1895, to Ora Brown, daughter of W. H. D. Brown, a record of whose life appears elsewhere in this work. They have one daugh- ter, Margaret Russell, the name Margaret hav- ing been handed down from generation to gen- eration in this family. Mr. and Mrs. Braun possess many accomplishments and are clever entertainers, and their many friends delight to while away pleasant hours with them at their home amid beautiful surroundings. Our sub- ject is a high Mason, — a Knight Templar and Mystic Shriner, — and is a member of the A.
o. u. w.
ILLARD M. RICHART, a well known young man of Columbus, who is traveling representative in the Southwest of one of the lead- ing law-book publishing houses of the country, was born in Spring Hill, Kansas, August 16, 1878. When he was six years old, his parents moved to Galena, Kansas, where the boy went to school until he was 1 1 years old. At that age he became practically dependent solely upon himself for support and maintenance; without any further chance at going to school, he was hired to work in the office of the Galena Times, a newspaper then just established. He did all kinds of work, such as sweeping out, rolling the forms, setting type and running errands. He was in that office 18 months, when he was employed in the office of the Galena Republican, owned and edited by L. C. Weldy, one of the best known newspaper men in Southeastern Kansas. The paper was at that time a weekly publication. Afterwards it became a daily, and Williard M. Richart was made the city editor. He was an apt newsgatherer, and it was largely due to him that the paper was well patronized. He was with the paper, altogether, about seven
years, when he became the lead and zinc staff correspondent of the Age of Steel, of St. Louis, Missouri, his work being in the Galena- Joplin lead and zinc district. The position was not a very remunerative one, and after serving in it for several months, he went back to the Ga- lena Republican, where he remained until 1899, when he took editorial charge of the Columbus Courier, under the firm name of Richart & Cav- aness. During this period, which was of about three years duration, Mr. Richart became wide- ly known throughout the Third Congressional District, on account of the stand which he took against some of the leaders of his party. The part which the paper took, under the edi- torial direction of Mr. Richart, caused it to lose some of the patronage which it formerly had, and it ceased to be financially profitable. In
1902, Richart & Cavaness gave up the paper, and it was sold to W. S. Norton, the present owner.
In April, 1903, Mr. Richart entered, as a traveling salesman, the employ of the Vernon- Richard Book Company, of Kansas City, Mis- souri. After 14 months of unprecedented suc- cess with this house, he accepted a like position with Callaghan & Company, of Chicago, Illi- nois, law-book publishers, sellers and importers, perhaps the largest house of the kind in the world. His field is all of the South west of the Mississippi River.
Mr. Richart was married, December 30,
1903, to Mabel Clair Houx. elder daughter of Dr. J. O. Houx, of Columbus, Kansas, of which city Mr. and Mrs. Richart are residents. Considering the hardships through which he has had to pass, and the fact that not many bright days came to him in his childhood and in his boyhood years, few have done better than he in gaining knowledge and in laying the foun- dation for a helpful, happy and prosperous life. He has had to fight his way through all kinds
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of adverse circumstances, and it is to his credit that it has made him stronger and better, with- out having set him against all others, as adver- sity often does.
A. McNEILL, one of the ablest mem- bers of the Cherokee County Bar, a leading citizen of Columbus and a member of the State Board of Char- ities and Corrections, was born in Macoupin County, Illinois, January 13, 1869, and is a son of C. A. and Nancy (Kelly) McNeill.
C. A. McNeill, the father, was born in Ross County, Ohio, and died in Cherokee County, Kansas, December 31, 1889, aged yy years. His wife, who was also a native of Ross Coun- ty, Ohio, died in Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1901, aged 70 years. Of their eight children, but two survive, C. A. and his brother, E. V. McNeill, who was a practicing attorney for three years at Baxter Springs, but is now a resi- dent of Columbus.
About 1858, the elder McNeill removed with his family to Illinois, and in 1871 came to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he became a large land owner and extensive farmer and stockman. His home farm was located in Lola township, and he owned about 600 acres in the county. For years he was a recognized leader in the Republican politics of the county, but never held office.
The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in Cherokee County, and resided in Lola township until July 29, 1889, when he re- moved to Columbus, and was employed for six months as a messenger boy at the depot of the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad. He then entered the office of Ritter & Wiswell, well known attorneys at Columbus, with whom he read law for two years, and was admitted to the bar in January, 1892. He then bought out
the practice of another, lawyer, and has since 20
continued in practice with most encouraging success. He has gained a recognized position at the bar in this section of Kansas, and has taken part in much of the important litigation in Cherokee County, and has fairly gained his reputation as an astute lawyer and a wise coun- sellor.
In December, 1891, Mr. McNeill married Edna Macy, who was the daughter of Edward Macy. Mrs. McNeill died September 29, 1902, leaving a son, Maurice, who is a bright young student in the city schools.
Mr. McNeill is a recognized leader, like his father, in the Republican ranks, and in 1S94 was elected county attorney, overcoming a for- mer Democratic majority of 1,000. He served two years, — from 1894 to 1896, — and in the latter year was renominated. He was defeated in the Free Silver landslide of that year, al- though, even then, his popularity was shown by his running about 600 votes ahead of his ticket. For three years, he was chairman of the Republican County Central Committee, and for two years of the Congressional District Com- mittee, and in 1902 and 1903, he was a member of the Republican State Central Committee.
In March, 1903, Mr. McNeill was appointed by Governor Bailey a member of the State Board of Charities and Corrections, for a term of four years. This appointment met with the approbation of his wide circle of friends in the county. Fraternally, he is an Elk, and belongs to a number of fraternal insurance organiza- tions. He is a member of the Catholic Church.
In addition to paying a large indebtedness which his father incurred by financially assist- ing a number of his friends, he has accumulated a fair share of wordly possessions, his integrity having ever been unimpeached. He stands to- day as an example of able, honest, American manhood, a type which for some years has be- come more and more the hope of the nation, the type that cherishes a high standard of business
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
and professional honor, that encourages patri- otism, and sets an example of steadfast adhe- sion to principles. Portraits of Mr. McNeill and his son Maurice accompany this sketch.
DWIN A. HAINES, one of the pros- perous farmers of Spring Valley- township, who resides on his well cultivated farm of 160 acres in sec- tion 5, township 35, range 24, is one of the most highly esteemed citizens of the locality. He was born in Clinton County, Ohio, Febru- ary 19, 1839, and is a son of Stacy and Judith (Terrell) Haines.
Stacy Haines was born in Campbell County, Virginia, and accompanied his parents when they removed to Greene County, Ohio, in his boyhood. At that time his father owned the site of the present busy little city of Waynes- ville. Mr. Haines completed his education there and studied medicine which he practiced for two years and then engaged in farming and in work as a plasterer. Later he bought a farm in Clinton County. He married Judith Terrell and they had issue as follows : D. T., Amos and S. T., all of whom died at Muncie, Indiana ; S. A., who died at Baxter Springs, Kansas; Sarah E., who married Fisher Curl, of Clin- ton County, Ohio; Martha, who married John W. Moore, of Clinton County, Ohio; Judith Ann. who is the wife of George Brackney, a retired farmer living at Wilmington, Ohio; Edwin A., of this sketch; and Calvin, a resi- dent of Muncie, Indiana. The death of the father occurred from an attack of cholera, at Muncie, Indiana, and that of the mother while ling there at a later date. Edwin A. Haines was educated in the 1- of Clinton County, Ohio, completing his education when 18 years of age. He then began to operate the home farm for his mother
and remained with her until of age and then followed farming for himself until 1865, in which year he moved to Muncie, Indiana, and engaged in a hotel business. This he sold in 1867 and came to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he took up a claim where he now resides. Until 1868 he resided at Baxter Springs and then settled on the farm where he has ever since remained, with the exception of one year, dur- ing which he traveled for his health, and visited many interesting points.
On August 12, 1865, Mr. Haines was mar- ried to Saphronia A. Snyder, who was born in Brown County, Ohio, and they had three children, viz : Carrie, who married Samuel Cassell, a machinist of Pittsburg, Kansas, and has four children, — John, Flora M., Dora and Walter; Elmer E., who died at the age of 22 years; and Flora M., who married Edward Ai- kens, a farmer of Hitchcock, Texas, and has one child, Ada. The mother of the above fam- ily died November 17, 1901. On November 17, 1903, Mr. Haines married Sarah Louisa Haines, who is a daughter of Albert Haines, who is a retired resident of the Creek Nation, Indian Territory.
Mr. Haines is a member of the Society of Friends. In politics he votes independently. As one of the representative citizens, he has been called upon to serve in a number of the township offices, and has been very acceptable as school director, township clerk and township treasurer. Fraternally he is associated with the Masons.
LBERT WILLARD, one of the old residents of Baxter Springs, who has been prominently identified with the affairs of Cherokee County for 38 years, was born in Erie County, New York, November 19, 1834, and is a son of Samuel and Sarah (Williams) Willard.
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The parents of Mr. Willard were born in Boston, Massachusetts, and early in married life removed to Erie County, New York, and later to Tecumseh, Michigan. The mother died soon after this removal. The family consisted of nine children, viz. : George, who was drowned at the age of 20 years; Samuel, who died at Grand Rapids, Michigan; Albert, the subject of this record; Lester, who died aged 10 years; Eliza (Mrs. Johiell Morgan), who died at the age of 25 years; Mrs. Sophronia Standish; Maria (Mrs. Lee Sanderson) ; Adelia (Mrs. Nemirah Candy) ; and Mrs. Sarah Laysure, of Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Our subject accompanied his parents to Te- cumseh, Michigan, and there he was educated. After the death of his father, in 1845, ne went to Goshen, Indiana, where he obtained employ- ment on a farm for several months, and then went to Crawfordsville, Indiana, and there worked at the carpenter's trade until 1858, when he came to Kansas. He located near Maple- ton, just north of Fort Scott, Bourbon County, and this was his home until the close of the Civil War. He enlisted in Company C, 6th Kansas Regiment, and was later transferred to the 4th Kansas Regiment and served eight months. Then he settled at Baxter Springs, which has been his home ever since. He has engaged in various occupations, — merchandis- ing, milling, farming and stock-raising.
On July 22, 1872, Mr. Willard was united in marriage with Mrs. Lucinda Ann (Harlan) Archer, who is probably the oldest settler now living in Cherokee County, her birth having taken place about one mile and a half from Baxter Springs, on June 28, 1840. She is a daughter of David M. and Lucinda (Tucker) Harlan. David M. Harlan came to Baxter Springs very early from South Carolina, set- tling in Cherokee County in 1835, and follow- ing the trade of miller. Mrs. Willard, by a previous marriage to Thomas N. Archer, which
took place on July 22, 1856, had a family of four children, viz : William Perry, who mar- ried Margaret Van Gundy and has these chil- dren,— Seth, Roy, Dalton, Leslie and Juanita; James Siegel, who married Alice Doran, and has one daughter, — Anna ; John Rankin, who married Minnie Faulkner; and Mary Ellen (Mrs. Frederick Propp). Mr. and Mrs. Wil- lard have two sons : Leon Lewis and Albert B., the former of whom resides at home, and the latter, who married Delia Ferris of Joplin, Missouri, is a locomotive engineer on the "Frisco" system.
Mr. Willard has been a lifelong member of the Republican party, and cast his first presi- dential vote for John C. Fremont. He has taken an active interest in public affairs and has .served for several terms as alderman and as a member of the School Board. He is a charter member of Kansas Lodge, No. 15, Ancient Order of United Workmen. When he came to Kansas, a spirit of outlawry prevailed in this section and he was the organizer of a vigilance committee which had much to do with ensur- ing peaceful settlement here. He carried the first mail between Fort Scott and Fort Gibson, making tri-weekly trips to Baxter Springs and weekly trips to Fort Gibson. He is a man of great personal courage and of sterling char- acter.
*-*-+
E. STICE, cashier of the Galena National Bank, died suddenly at Ins home, on the corner of Ninth and Main streets, February 28, 1899. By the casual reader of the day's events, the above announcement, full as it is with its sug- gestions of grief, might have been lost sight of, in the aggregation of records of human misery, which, alas, makes up so much of the average knowledge of the outside world, be- yond one's own special sphere. It was not so
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
to the people of Galen::, who received the news of the sudden demise of one of their most truly honored and beloved citizens. Grief stalked unashamed in the streets of the city, sorrow reigned in every circle and from the miner's camp to the most palatial home ran a feeling of deep, heartfelt pity for the family of wife and children so lamentably bereft.
The late \Y. E. Stice was born in 1850 in Illinois and was taken as a child to Oswego, Kansas, and was a son of D. M. Stice, of that city. The parents still survive, with three sons : James L., a post office inspector, who resides in St. Louis ; and two others, who are fighting for their country in far away Manila.
The late Mr. Stice had been a resident of Galena since 1882, coming here then in search of fortune, with little capital except courage, energy and manly ambition. His connection with banking affairs commenced when he was given the position of cashier, with O. T. Street, in the Miners' & Merchants' Bank. In this po- sition he exhibited so much tact, judgment and ability that he attracted the attention and won the friendship of J. Shomon,who was then pres- ident of the old bank, inducing the latter, sev- eral years later, to accept the young man as a business partner, although Mr. Stice's capital was little more than brains and experience. Under the new management, the institution became the Bank of Galena, which was subse- quently changed to its present title, the Galena National Bank. Much of its great financial suc- cess must be attributed to Mr. Stice's manage- ment, his personal attention being given to all its affairs. He gained the justifiable reputation of being one of the most competent financiers and general business managers in the State, and was hehl in the highest esteem by all those with "i business ever brought him into contact. Taking pride in the success of this institution, to which he had devoted the best part of his life, he fell a victim to what has been denomi-
nated American intensity, which caused the lowering of vital forces and the consequent in- ability to overcome what might have been but a slight indisposition to one in perfect health. The one comfort afforded his devoted wife was that she was able to minister to him through the few moments of mortal agony.
Mr. Stice was an honored member of a number of fraternal orders, including the Ma- sons, Knights of Pythias, Ancient Order of United Workmen, Woodmen and others, car- ried insurance in all of these and an additional old-line policy for $15,000. He had numerous financial interests and business associations with successful enterprises, which combined to make him a factor in the financial world.
In 1884, Mr. Stice was married to Blanche McPherson, who is a daughter of Hon. A. M. and Elmira T. (Inks) McPherson, and they and three children : Florence, Shomon and Alfred, all of whom survive. The father of Mrs. Stice is vice-president of the Galena Light & Power Company, vice-president of the Union Ice Company and one of the leading men of Galena. He was born in Kentucky, but was reared near St. Louis, Missouri, where his edu- cation was obtained in the district schools. For several years he engaged in farming and stock- raising and moved in 1870 to the vicinity of Springfield, Missouri, where he made a spe- cialty of raising stock. In 1877 he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in the first days of the discovery of lead and zinc ore, when the present busy city was but a tract of woodland. Of the two first prospectors here, one was ready to sell his interest, which Mr. McPherson bought for the sum of $400, and he mined here, with success, for some years, and then became interested in an ice and coal business. He has served the city of Galena, at various times, as councilman, was its second mayor, and in the fall of 1886 was appointed postmaster by Presi- dent Cleveland, and was reappointed during
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that statesman's second administration. He is a member of the Commercial Club ; of the Ma- sons, being a Knight Templar and a Shriner; of the Ancient Order of United Workmen; of the Knights and Ladies of Security ; of the Bankers' Union ; and of the Elks, in which order he has served as exalted ruler. His three children are: Mrs. W. E. Stice; Mrs. B. W. Miller, of Galena, and Mrs. J. B. Witt, of Kansas City.
The funeral services over all that was mor- tal of \V. E. Stice took place at the cemetery, in Galena, in the presence of hundreds of those who by their presence desired to testify to their love and respect. It was one of the largest fun- erals ever held in the city. In compliance with the mayor's proclamation, appended be- low, all the business houses were closed, and both in mining and in commercial circles busi- ness was practically suspended. The Galena Lodge, A. F. & A. M., had charge of the ser- vices and they were of a character to impress even the most thoughtless. The beautiful cas- ket, weighing 600 pounds, was of solid iron, with broadcloth coverings and gold and silver trimmings, with an interior of white satin and a large gold plate on the top, engraved with the suggestive words "At Rest."
After appropriate services were held at the home, the cortege formed and moved to the cemetery, headed by a cordon of police and the Galena Firemen's Band. The ritualistic service of the fraternity was performed in a solemn and impressive manner and when the vast con- course turned away to again face their own private sorrows, there were few eyes that were not wet with sympathy for the bereaved widow and little ones. Many Masons and other friends from abroad were in attendance, each one eager to tell some characteristic story or relate some kind deed of the friend from whom they had just parted. Among those who found it impossible to reach the city in time was Mr.
Shomon who had hastened home from Albu- querque, New Mexico. Through the thought- ful consideration of Mrs. Stice, the casket was opened upon his late arrival, that he might once again view the face of his dearly beloved friend. The mayor of Galena, Hon. J. P. McCann, issued the following proclamation, which, in itself, was a token of unusual honor to a pri- vate citizen :
Realizing the esteem in which our lamented fellow citizen, W. E. Stice, was held by our people, regardless of class, and his standing in business and commercial circles, and appreciating the fact that he was a promi- nent figure in all matters pertaining to the interests and welfare of Galena, and the further fact that he has' been identified with us all in matters of a business or social character for many years, it is deemed proper that we accord him a mark of respect due citizens of that char- acter, whom an all wise Father has seen fit to call from our midst.
Therefore, I would request and urge that all places of business be closed and that our citizens abstain from the transaction of all business between the hours of 10 A. M. and 12 M. to-morrow, Thursday, March 2, 1899, in order that all who may desire can attend the funeral services to be held during those hours, and as a mark of respect to the memory of one whose loss is mourned by the entire community.
(Signed) : J. P. McCann, Mayor.
And what manner of man was this, to whom citizens of high and low degree paid re- spect, deplored his loss and grieved with his beloved ones ? In reply we feel that we can no better answer than to add to this record from the columns of the Galena Daily Republican of March 1, 1899, the testimony of one who had known him from his first location at Galena and appreciated him as one high-minded man may another :
"The death of W. E. Stice is the subject of conversation everywhere. A gloom such as was never before experienced seemed to settle over the entire community. Nothing else was talked of, nothing else thought of, yesterday. Men could not concentrate their minds on busi- ness, but seemed dazed at the awful visitation of the Death Angel. We doubt if another case
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
is recorded where there was such universal sor- row over the death of a citizen of such modest and humble pretensions. The more men thought of the life and character of the de- ceased, the greater seemed the loss. The more they knew of him, the more they realized his true worth ; the more free they were to proclaim his virtues. Stice was one man among a thousand. To say he had no enemies would be to slander him, for the man with no enemies is a cipher in the world, but we say he had fewer enemies than any man we ever knew who was engaged in the same business. Every one has a kind word to say of him. Said one gen- tleman : 'I do not believe Stice ever refused to aid a worthy person or object, whether church, politics or charity.' His heart and purse were ever open. Said another : 'Many of our citi- zens owe their prosperity to Ed Stice, whose assistance enabled them to make a success of their enterprises. A number of merchants would have failed had he not come to their rescue and bridged them over bad places.' On every hand we hear these comments. Men re- spected him in life, and, while they did not give voice to personal praise, they showed by every means the high esteem in which they held him as a citizen and a friend, and left no doubt as to their appreciation of his kindly deeds."
G. POLSTER, one of the old and re- spected citizens of Baxter Springs and a prominent Republican politi- cian of Cherokee County, has been identified with the business affairs of this city for the past 35 years. He was born in Hun- gary, January 10, 1840, and is a son of John and Elizabeth Polster.
The parents of Mr. 1 'ulster were also natives of Hungary. They came to America in 1858 and settled in Warren County. Missouri, where 1' i father subsequently died. The mother still
survives and lives in the city of St. Louis, at the advanced age of 92 years. Their eight chil- dren were : J. G., of this sketch ; Mary, wife of Louis Redmiller of St. Louis; Rosina, wife of Fred Koch, of Warren County, Missouri ; Theodore, a traveling man, now engaged in a hotel business at St. Louis ; Elizabeth, also a resident of St. Louis ; Tobias, in a real estate business and conducting a World's Fair hotel, at St. Louis; and Mina, who also resides in that city.
Mr. Polster was educated in the Hungarian schools and then went to Vienna, where he was instructed in the jewelry trade, remaining there for three years. After coming to America in 1858, he worked at his trade in St. Louis, until 1861, when he went to Springfield, Mis- souri, where he embarked in the jewelry busi- ness for himself. Finding conditions of trade less acceptable there than at St. Louis, he closed out his business at Springfield three years later and returned to St. Louis. In 1870 he located at Baxter Springs and accepted a partnership with his brother, who was established here in a large general mercantile business. Until 1878 the brothers operated the largest store in Baxter Springs. Then our subject purchased his present property and opened up a drug and jewelry store^ to which he has added wall paper, paints, oils, glass and general notions, his large and complete stock being valued at not less than $10,000. It is the leading store of its kind in its section of the county. He is a large property owner both in Baxter Springs and in St. Louis, and owns a large interest in the Visitors' World's Fair Hotel and Restau- rant, which is being operated in the beautiful Missouri city by his brother Tobias. During these months of deep interest there, its hospi- tality has been extended to not only many visi- tors from far off Hungary, but from all por- tions of the globe, who find there rest and re- freshment.
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Mr. Polster has always taken a deep and intelligent interest in politics and has supported the Republican party since the election of Presi- dent Lincoln. For some 20 years he served as a useful member of the City Council and has given liberally of his means and time to increase the city's civic importance. During these long years of residence here, he has earned honor and respect and is justly considered one of the representative men of this part of the State.
ILBERT ALLEN. The late Gilbert Allen, a highly respected farmer of Mineral township, was one of the early settlers and substantial citizens, owning a well improved farm of 320 acres. Mr. Allen was born at Chelsea, Vermont, in 18 18, and died in 1902, aged 84 years, at his home in Mineral township. He was a son of Obed Allen, a lifelong farmer in Vermont.
Mr. Allen was reared on his father's Ver- mont farm, and attended the schools of his native place. In 1862 he married, and in 1868 moved to Jefferson County, Wisconsin, where he was engaged in farming until 1874, when he removed to Kansas. He settled in Mineral township, Cherokee County, and as he was a very temperate and industrious man he ac- cumulated a large property, and was able to leave his surviving widow a well cultivated farm of 320 acres, located in sections 7 and 18, township 32, range 24.
Mr. Allen married Mary M. Lougee, who was born at Chelsea, Vermont, and is a daugh- ter of Peter and Betsey (Morrell) Lougee. They had four children, viz : Hattie, now de- ceased, who was the first wife of Hon. A. H. Skidmore, of Columbus, Kansas, a sketch of whom will be found in this work, and who later married Alice, the second daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Allen; Alice; Etta M., who died, aged
five years; and Walter P., who married Kate Graham, and has two children, — Peter Leroy and James.
When Mr. and Mrs. Allen came first to Mineral township, there were few settlers, and no house was within visiting distance. No public highways had yet been constructed, mar- kets were far away, and what we now con- sider necessaries were then luxuries. Mr. Allen lived to see his family enjoy the fruits of his years of labor, and his last days were comforted by their care and affection. He held no political or township office in this county, but in Jeffer- son County, Wisconsin, he was one of the officials. Mrs. Allen rents out the greater part of her large estate, her son Walter P., being a farmer in Mineral township. The family is well known and highly respected.
HARLES W. COE, who has effi- ciently served in the capacity of city clerk of Galena since 1901, has been a resident of this city continuously for a period of nearly 15 years. He is a man of high standing in the community, and has many stanch friends throughout Cherokee County.
Mr. Coe was born in Mattoon, Illinois, in 1866, and is a son of John W. and Elizabeth (Vermulen) Coe, being one of a family of three sons and one daughter. His father is deceased, and his mother resides in Galena, Kansas.
Charles W. Coe attended the common schools of Mattoon, Illinois, and at an early age removed with his parents to Troy, Ohio, thence to New York State. At the age of 14 years he began his business career and has since filled many positions of trust in a most capable manner. In 1890 Mr. Coe came West to Cherokee County, Kansas, locating in Galena, where he has since lived and engaged exclus-
374
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
ively in mining. At the present time he is secretary of the Galena Prospecting Company, lie has always been an enthusiastic Democrat and has worked hard for his party's success, frequently representing his precinct as a dele- gate at county conventions. He received an appointment as city clerk under Mayor J. P. McCann, May 7, 1901, succeeding his brother, F. P. Coe. He was reappointed by the present mayor, Charles L. Sawyer, and still is discharg- ing the duties of that office. Prior to his incum- bency, the city clerk employed two assistants, but by faithful service Mr. Coe has managed to discharge his duties without assistance. He is the 1 oth city clerk appointed since Galena was incorporated June 19, 1877.
In 1894, Mr. Coe was united in marriage with Mary Bradley, a native of New York State, by whom he has one son, — Elemon F. Our subject is a member of the Commercial Club, of which he was secretary for a time; secretary of Galena Lodge, B. P. O. E. ; and a member of the Ancient Order of United Work- men.
OSEPH S. HOLT. Among the early settlers of Cherokee County, few are better known than the gentleman who bears the above name, who lives on his farm of 240 acres, situated in Sheridan and Lola townships. He was born in Alamance County, North Carolina, May 6, 1834, and is a son of David and Nancy (Green) Holt, both natives of the same place.
David I hilt, besides managing a farm, was a wagon-maker and blacksmith. In politics he was an old-line Whig and later a Republican. He was an attendant of the Methodist Episco- pal Church. The family consisted of four chil- dren, of whom William, Michael and John are deceased. Joseph S. is the only living child. The father was twice married, the first wife be-
ing Sally Caps, of North Carolina. The chil- dren of this union were, — Robert, Henry and Nicholas.
Joseph S. Holt was educated in the three- months schools of his native county, and lived at home until grown to manhood. He enlisted at Indianapolis, Indiana, in October, 1864, in Company H, 1st Indiana Heavy Artillery. The company was sent to the southern department of the army, where the subject was wounded by a shell at Mobile, Alabama, which disabled him and he was taken to the hospital at New Orleans and later to Philadelphia. For some time after his discharge in 1865, he was unable to do anything.
In 1858 Mr. Holt married Catherine Isle, a native of Alamance County, North Carolina. Their children are, — Millie Ellen, wife of Riley Pickering, of Sheridan township; David H., a fanner living on the home farm, who married Stella Boyd; Orvilla, now Mrs. Arthur Wester- velt, of Sheridan township.
At the close of the war our subject re- turned to his old home, afterward spending one year in Hamilton County, Indiana, and then two years in Emporia, Kansas. In April, 1865, he moved to Cherokee County, locating in Sher- idan township. His first purchase of land com- prised 40 acres of land in section 30, township 32, range 22, where he put up a small box house, and started to make for himself a home. By close application to business, hard work and good management, he has added to his first acquisition until his present holdings number some 240 acres of good farm land, most of which is under cultivation. The land produces the usual grains such as wheat, corn and oats, and quantities of hay. Besides general farm- ing, horses, mules, cattle and hogs are also raised.
Mr. Holt has always been a farmer, and is interested in anything pertaining to the farm or farm work. In politics he votes the Republican
PATRICK O'REAGAN
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
377
ticket, socially is a member of the G. A. R. post at Hallowell and religiously belongs to the Friends' Church, of which organization both he and his wife have been active workers for many years. For 14 years Mr. Holt has been a member of the School Board, and has always worked for the best interests of education at all times. The long residence of the family in the county has given them an extensive acquaint- ance, and they have the universal confidence and esteem of all who know them.
ATRICK O'REAGAN. Few agricult- urists in Cherokee County are more plasantly situated than is the subject of this sketch, who lives in section 17, township 34, range 22, in Neosho township. He has a large, handsome residence, surrounded by 320 acres of fertile farm land, and has helped to make Cherokee one of the banner counties of Kansas. He was born in County Kerry, Ire- land, in 1846, and is a son of Michael and Jo- hannah O' Reagan.
The father died when Patrick was quite young, leaving a wife and five small children, — Patrick, Mary, Michael, Bridget and Morton, — to be reared and cared for. Leaving the little ones in Ireland, Mrs. O'Reagan started bravely out to make a home for them across the sea, landing in Canada where she managed to get together sufficient means to send for her family. This was accomplished only by the greatest self-sacrifice, and by ceaseless toil, and her efforts in their behalf were unremitting until she had reared them to an age when they were able to care for themselves. Now, when up- wards of 90 years of age, she makes her home with the subject of this sketch, and it is his privilege and pleasure to return, in part, the attention she formerly gave to him.
Patrick O'Reagan was a lad of 12 years
when he left Ireland with his younger brothers and sisters, to sail for America. They were shipwrecked, and returned home, where they stayed for a year, and then started again for this country. Their destination was a point in Canada, about 30 miles below Toronto, and there they remained for a period of five or six years, when Patrick ran away and went to Buf- falo. Fearing they would find him there, he went to Pennsylvania, where he secured em- ployment in Mteadville; three years later, in 1866, he went West to Des Moines, Iowa. There he was employed in a grocery store for four years, but the spring of 1870 found him ready to change his location once more, and he then came to Kansas. He bought a claim of un- surveyed land, said to be 160 acres in extent, in Labette County, which proved, when sur- veyed, to contain but 130 acres. He remained on this farm for 17 years. About five years ago he disposed of it, and settled in Cherokee Coun- ty, where he owns a fine farm of 320 acres, in section 17, township 34, range 22, in Neosho township, including about four acres of Mis- souri Pacific Railway land. He has placed fine improvements on this land, — a handsome, com- modious residence and roomy barn, — that add greatly to its value. He has been extensively engaged in the cattle business, but of recent years has devoted more attention to the raising of grain.
Mr. O'Reagan was married in Cherryvale, Kansas, January 3, 1892, to Nora Murphy, a native of St. Louis, Missouri, and a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Owens) Murphy. They have had the following children, namely : Jo- hannah, who was born in 1893, and died at the age of three years ; Patrick Thomas, born Fel> ruary 27, 1894; Michael Lawrence, born No- vember 13, 1896; James Maurice, born March 11, 1898; Mary Theresa, born August 2, 1899: Francis Leland, born August 6, 1901 ; and Mar- garet Lenora, born November 12, 1903. In
3/8
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
politics, Mr. O'Reagan has been a lifelong Re- publican, and in religion he and his wife are devout Catholics. A portrait of the subject of this sketch is shown on a preceding page.
♦ » »
XDREW J. CUNNINGHAM was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, April 30, 1839, and died on his home farm of 160 acres in section 27, township 31, range 23, in Ross township, Cher- okee County, on December 14, 1903. In his death passed away one of the county's pioneer settlers and most estimable and highly respected citizens. He was a son of Jacob and Jane (Curry) Cunningham.
The parents of the late Andrew J. Cun- ningham were also natives of Mercer County, Kentucky. In 1848 they removed to Brown County, Illinois, and later to Adams County, Illinois, and in April, 1871, they came to Ross township, Cherokee County. They were farm- ing people, who lived for a time on a farm and then bought a home in Cherokee County, where Mrs. Cunningham died. Mr. Cunningham came back to Ross township and died here. They had seven children.
Andrew J. Cunningham was a man of ex- cellent mental training and was known for his good judgment both in his home affairs and in matters of public interest. He assisted his father until he married, and then followed farming for himself, in the same neighborhood, until September 20, 1870, when he located in Ross township.
On December 26, i860, Mr. Cunningham married Malinda E. Cunningham, of Schuyler County, Illinois, who is a daughter of William and Ellen (Eades) Cunningham. The father was born in Mercer County, and the mother in Taylor ( bounty, Kentucky. They afterwards removed to another part of Illinois, where Mrs.
William Cunningham died in 1845. Mr. Cun- ningham married for his second wife, Elizabeth Eades, a sister of his first wife. The three chil- dren of the first marriage were, — Eliza, Sarah and Malinda E. Six children resulted from the second union, namely: Joseph, Maria, Will- iam, Maggie, Thomas and Lucy. The 10 children born to Andrew J. Cunningham and wife were as follows: Alice, deceased; James, who married Myrtle Dobson, and lives at Min- eral, Kansas; Joseph, who first married Fannie Spencer, and second, Rosie Dobbins, and lives at West Mineral ; Maggie, who is the wife of John Hite, of Chicopee, Kansas; Samuel, who married Naomi Hadlock, and lives in Ross township; Millie, who is the wife of Alvin Swan, of Kansas City ; Mary, who is the wife of Lewis Black, of Mineral ; Herbert, who is at home with his mother ; Minnie, who is the wife of Warren Whittaker, of Reeds, Missouri ; and Elmer, who resides at home. Mr. Cunningham took pleasure in affording his children educa- tional and social advantages, and they all reflect credit upon their home training. The larger number are comfortably settled in homes of their own, and all are highly esteemed members of society.
When Mr. and Mrs. Cunningham first set- tled here, being the very first in their section of the township, they were confronted with many hardships. Years of toil and deprivation faced them, but Mr. Cunningham lived long enough to enjoy many of the rewards of his industry, and his most estimable wife is surrounded with everything needful to the comfort of advancing years.
Mr. Cunningham carried on general farm- ing and stock-raising, and met with good suc- cess. He made all the improvements on the farm, setting out the beautiful hedges and orchards with his own hands. In politics, he was a supporter of the Democratic party. His religious convictions made him a member of
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
379
the Christian Church. His was a life full of kind, helpful work for others. In his family he was beloved, and in his community uni- versally respected.
ILLIAM TAYLOR, a prominent general farmer and fruit grower of Cherokee County, who owns a quarter section of fine land in sec- tion 36, Salamanca township, was born in Huron County, Ohio, in 1832, and is a son of Thomas and Fannie (Spencer) Taylor.
Thomas Taylor was born in Ireland, and settled in Richland County, Ohio, at the age of 16 years, but later removed to Huron Coun- ty, where he carried on farming until his de- cease, in 1875, at the age of 69 years. His wife was born in Huron County, Ohio, where her people had settled when they came, in early days, from Connecticut. She died in her, na- tive county in 1865, aged 49 years. The sub- ject of this sketch is one of a family of nine children, two of whom are deceased, and the others are distributed in different sections of the country, William Taylor being the eldest, and the only one who located in Kansas.
William Taylor was reared in Huron County, Ohio, and obtained his education in the district and select schools of his neighborhood. His life has been devoted to agricultural pur- suits. In the fall of 1884 he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and located on a part of his present farm, a claim which had been taken by a Mr. Pratt, and later improved by a Mr. Trim- mer. Mr. Taylor purchased his land from a Mr. Moyer. Here he carries on general farming, in partnership with his son, Frank S., and they devote special attention to fruit growing and berry raising.
In November, 1863, Mr. Taylor was mar- ried to Sarah L. Conklin, who was born in
1842 in Richland County, Ohio, and is a daughter, of Charles and Rachel (Bevier) Conk- lin. Mrs. Taylor comes of Dutch ancestry, her forefathers having emigrated from Holland and settled in New York, where her parents were born. They were early settlers in Rich- land County, Ohio, where her father first fol- lowed the tailoring business, but later became a farmer, and died there in 1889, aged 84 years. The mother died in January, 1885, aged 70 years.
Mrs. Taylor was one of a family of six chil- dren, three of whom still survive, and with three half-sisters, reside in Ohio. She was reared and schooled in Richland County. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have three children, all of whom were born in Ohio, viz : Julia, who is the wife of T. J. Skinner ; Frank, associated with his father, who married Ida Losey, of Cherokee County, and has two bright boys, — Fred and Thomas, aged seven and five years, respectively ; and Charles, who is engaged in clerking for Isaac Wright at Columbus. Mrs. Taylor is a member, and the rest of the family are attendants, of the Presbyterian Church.
Politically, Mr. Taylor is a stanch Republi- can. He is a member of the Good Templar organization, and in earlier days belonged to the Farmers' Alliance. His pleasant country home is on Rural Free Delivery Route, No. 1, and is one of the hospitable centers of the neighborhood.
HOMAS JEFFERSON MORROW, the well known druggist of Baxter Springs, is acquainted throughout Cherokee County, and has many stanch friends who hold him in highest esteem. He is a native of Randolph County, Missouri, where he was born May 25, 1850, and is a son of John S. and Melsena (Richardson) Mor- row.
HISTORY OF ( ill k"i i !■ . OUNTV
I, , Morrow, tin ial grandfatl •
1 , . . of a
i ,
ti, to
and was its I
■ [01 row 1 [ohn ' 1 in Tern and
ilu'i, ed his < com-
mon Removinj unty,
w nli hit 1. iii . 1 the work on the
1. 11 m until the bn a\ ol the c'n il \
family had been lif< long I >i [ohn S Morn 1 erelj b< lieved the iiv State and did not wish bo see a rupture, but .11 the same tim<
to the metho orth
foi ing of the slave question, Feeling
ders had certahi 1 i
\t tins time everj cil en of
.<n Countj was required to go on record,
a i.iw abiding Union
as Southren sympath > I irose
the gravesi issue in John S. Morrow's life, and • 11 he decided to
en and to remain neutral in the event o\ a conflict, He
ed and made his derision conscient lv, hut 1- knowing Ins political be-
lief, felt that at heart he outhern
and made him the victim of continued depredations involving the ruin of his propertj and home. Realizing that the \\.:i was in- e\ itahic and deploring the marauding and
v methods that were heme ic militia and bushwh ., lion,
he enlisted in the v under (icn
Vi nh iii 1. ; imeni and reti Geni
taking pari in the in K.ms.ix and
fit the close of thi leral
! In llO .1.
which would he a home
foi the South* rners who did not ci main
in tin Hi efeal \\ nil
I i v d Shell
with him, ■ ■ d his plan and called foi \ olun-
■ 1 «npanj him wt to one i riing to return
home to the oilier. I U 1 i
nost pathi tic sceni 11 Men
.1 hern eomrades in arms and united in then devotion to then leadei I sudd. lied upon to make a cht • i •<
ntinuing the warfare, ^i which all : returning to thei families to follow ul pursuits John S.
Morrovi elected to return home and did return. immediately taking up the task oi restorin|
estates to then former condition, lie resumed
the occupation of a farmer and stock ra
is now living in Callao, Missouri, at the ad- vanced age ol in 1 s 4 s he was united in marriage with Melsena Richardson, a daugh- ter of Schuylei ad Minerva Richardson, of Missouri Mrs. Morrow died in 1875, leaving children, as follows: nas J.; John 11., who] is conducting a general merchandise estahhshmentc at WaitS- burg, \\ ashmgton ; J. \Y., a physician of Port- land, Oregon, and v.'. J., a physician of K. 1 itv , Missouri.
I'homas J. V, 1 ed his early edu-
.i in the public schools of Missouri, supple- mented bj .1 two-years' course in Magee Col- legeal College Mound. Missouri. He then took a course at the State Normal School at Kirks- ville, Missouri, graduating with the class of ;er which he successfully engaged in
D REPRESENTATIVE CTJ :/...
■ ear*. He then spent a like per: the drug business at ' at the end
of which time h'-
-g business ■
Missour. iter a short residence ther
cated in Baxter Springs in i He estab-
- stock of drugs, wall-paper, paint v oils glass,
Til": <- . rar.:<- ar.'.'/r.;-; \-.*: ;..---.-,..- vr.-:
men of the city.
January rrow was
turned m marriage with Willie X L daughter of Dr. William T. Lowr; iege Mound, Missouri. They are consistent members of die Baptist Church. -row
has been a lifelong Democrat, but never has sought office nor engaged actively m politics. He has been a menr • number of secret
ar. . '-v— * .-■/-.: 7>.:r- i -;:-.-.-..>, -'.a v -r of Baxt- is also a member of the Royal Arch Chapter.
■--5 H. CF wetf-known
and extensive farmer of Cherokee County, lives on a farm located in sect: " -.ownship 32, range 22. in Sheridan towrafr. /nhemer
by 'virth, be is a native rA old Virginia, baring ves- '•...— - •.:r;.-a V. ■:--.;.• -'-.a: -ta-e .V.- cember 22, 184.1. He is a son of Thomas and - /», both native? of Virginia, who spent their entire live? in their native com
na-;r-.:: '-.ecar.-.e -. V — - V-.--.e- \rS. v.' - '.'. ed that ;cr;-a: '.r :;-"■;•.'::'* He a.; a \-.-\ -r^--. "*r:. .*-- ,: --- .'-:/. r. £vv.a- pal Church, as was also fc: . "-.'.;.
consisted of six c
the fast.- a:-.-:a Cox, »^
Pair
four children, tl
-, thesuh. fiVed in the South at a time when all the v. were subscription sd subscription schools, whose sessions were held
hood were spent on the old farm. In 1867, at t
V-.a->. ;-..-: .*-d • .v. v.a.-- - : ','- ,e .'• .:.,
Jamie-. E — and lives on the ©id home :..ar.e in yjwnsfc vap.
,r. Justice, has one >
,r"at " • Yj--ja.\,
■■-.■:; . ---. ■._ >-: 5 ; ... '/•■:r.r :'ter his marriage Thomas HX- v.: x-:r: at'! ra -:-- .-.--.--. =- -^- . <-. : -^va -. a.-.d a,-- eumufated some property, living mU'mtm'r crxmty until 1881, when he retno
• --a -..ed two years, then sold bis property and bought ard -?,.: v. •-.- y .'-.:-..er ':.-*?. ■*?.■■. ;rc :r. :r-"'. ;; v va.-..e !-.e ;ya - -.,-. ; ;- ; - ...^ -.--V - ;'v- -.-.-■. -a .^-: .i--: - -.-*- :a-. township, the land being a $r acres with a small house, known as the I - drsck- -..distance
■ .ee- -.:-. ■': ■ . • -—■»
:- the -.". :- . > r-~a -. i": \:r*. -/. '.' whkh are under cuhivation. The farm t
•:r.-: "e ;-%.: -,-.— •.?.-.; ;-. ; -.-. if- - .
382
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
raises hogs of the Poland-China and red Duroc varieties. The experience of many years, for our subject has always been a farmer, adds greatly to his success, and being of the pro- gressive type of farmer he is always ready to advance with the times.
Though not an active politician, he takes an interest in public affairs, voting for Demo- cratic principles on election day. His two sons, who have been associated with him in the farm work for several years, helping to carry on the work, and bringing into the farm life the spirit of youth so evident in the present generation and so necessary to the successful conduct of any kind of business. Edward, the older of these sons, is affiliated with the A. H. T. A., and is a member of the Friends' Church. Wil- ber, the younger, is a member of the A. O. U. W. and belongs to the Baptist Church.
4 » »
IIARLES L. SAWYER, mayor of the city of Galena, and prominently identified with the business, political and social life of this section, was born in 1863 at Carlinville, Illinois, and is a son of Thomas L. and Martha (Drew) Sawyer.
Thomas L. Sawyer was born in Philadel- phia, Pennsylvania, and died at Galena, Kan- sas, in 1886. The mother was born in the parish of Stratbridge, County Dorset, England, May 27, 1832, and died at Galena, Kansas, in 1884. The two children of these parents were : Charles L., of this record, and Henrietta Louise, who is the wife of G. E. Lowdermilk, of Fayetteville, Arkansas. Thomas L. Saw- yer was a resident of Carlinville, Macoupin County, Illinois, for a number of years. He was a well known educator there and was instrumental in the founding of a college at Carlinville. After locating in Galena, he estab-
lished himself in an insurance business in which he remained interested until the close of his life.
Charles L. Sawyer's educational advan- tages were confined to the common schools and were terminated at the age of 14 years when he entered into commercial life as a clerk in a dry goods store. After coming to Galena, in 1878, he accepted a clerkship in a large clothing house, in which he continued until 1884 and then became associated with his father in the fire and accident insurance business, succeeding to the management upon the death of the older partner. This is one of the oldest and most reliable houses in the city, 17 of the leading insurance companies of the country being represented. The business is lo- cated at No. 215 Main street.
Mr. Sawyer was married first in January, 1885, to Nellie E. Neal, who was a native of Missouri. She died in November, 1887, and was survived by one daughter, — Eulah E. The second marriage took place in 1894 to Mila E. Yoder, of Ohio, and to this union one son has been born, — Max Yoder. The family residence is in a choice part of the city, at No. 410 Galena avenue.
Mr. Sawyer has been an active and popular member of the Democratic party ever since his majority and has taken a deep interest in civic affairs both as a private citizen and as an official. He has frequently served as a member of the City Council and belonged to that body when the city was changed from the third to the second class, and in 1889, when the water franchise was passed on, and again, when on July 19, 1904, the council decided to buy the water plant. In 1889 he was chosen city clerk and was continued in office until 1897. From 1900 to 1902, he was treasurer of the Board of Education and in the latter year was elected, with 90 majority, to the highest municipal position in the gift of his fellow citizens. Thus
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
383
closely identified with public affairs for so long, he is thoroughly qualified for the mayoralty and his administration has been of a character to continually add to his laurels.
Mr. Sawyer is a member of the Commercial Club and is fraternally associated with the Masons, Knights of Pythias, Elks, Woodmen of the World, Modern Woodmen of America and the Fraternal Aid Association. He is a member and treasurer of Christ Protestant Episcopal Church of Galena. Personally he is a gentleman, and his courteous manner, both in private and official life, has won him many many friends. This urbanity, however, does not mean weakness, for in the cause of right or in the administration of civic law, Mr. Sawyer can show the firmness of an iron will.
\NE WILLIAMS. One of the best known and most worthy agriculturists in Shawnee township is the gentleman whose name begins this review. His farm is located in sections 1, 2 and 12, township 33, range 25, and comprises 250 acres of fine farm land. Mr. Williams was born in Daviess County, Indiana, May 13, 1841. He is a son of James T. and Nellie (Woody) Williams, the former a native of White County, Tennessee, and the latter of North Carolina. The father moved with his parents to Indiana when that State was a Territory, and there located in Lawrence County.
On his father's farm in Lawrence County, Indiana, James T. Williams grew to manhood. Shortly after his marriage, he bought a farm in Daviess County, where he remained until 1854. Then he moved to Iowa, locating in Ringgold County. Only a short time was spent in Iowa, for a climate farther South was better suited to a Southerner by birth, and he chose Missouri for his future home, settling
in Nodaway County. Selling his home in Missouri, he moved, in 1866, to Kansas, and occupied the farm now owned by the subject of this sketch.
A Southern Democrat, he was always loyal to his party, and during his residence in Mis- souri, was honored by being elected to the office of justice of the peace, in which capacity he served for eight years. He was made a Mason in Maryville, Missouri, and was demitted to the lodge at Columbus, Kansas.
James T. Williams married Nellie Woody, of Bedford, Indiana. Only two children were born to this union, — Emeline, of Nebraska; and the subject of this sketch. The mother hav- ing died in 1845, Mr. Williams contracted a second marriage, wedding Rosanna Hackler. Lane Williams received his mental training in one of the old-time log school houses which were so numerous in our grandfathers' days, in the rural districts of the Middle and Eastern States. He grew to manhood on his father's farm, and, with a farm experience dating from childhood, he naturally turned to that occupa- tion for a livelihood. His present farm pro- duces all the small grains, but Mr. Williams makes a specialty of wheat and corn, large fields of each being grown each year.
A follower of the Democratic party, Mr. Williams has several times been honored by election to office on its ticket. He was the first district clerk of Cherokee County, and for more than a quarter of a century has been a director of schools in his district. Fraternally, he belongs to the Masons, having been made a member of that order in Maryville, Missouri, and demitted to the lodge at Columbus, Kansas. He is also a well known member of the G. A. R. In June, 1862, Mr. Williams enlisted in the nth Reg., Missouri Vol. Cav., and was in the service until he was mustered out on August 5- 1865.
To the marriage of Mr. Williams and Clar-
3«4
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
inda Nash, a daughter of Timothy G. Nash, of Shawnee township, Cherokee County, six children have been born, namely: Nellie, wife of F. C. Lyerla, of Shawnee township; Rossa L., deceased ; William W. ; Julia A. ; James O. ; and Naomi. The family has recently suffered a sad bereavement in the death of a son, Rossa L., a promising young man with the brightest of futures before him. At the ago of 23 years, while a ranchman in Idaho, he was seized with a sudden sickness and died August 14, 1904.
Mr. Nash, the father of Mrs. Williams, came from Nodaway County, Missouri, and settled in Kansas in April, 1866. For 30 years, he was interested in sawmills and operated them, besides attending to his farm affairs. As one of the oldest settlers in Cherokee County, he is well and favorably known, his acquaint- ance extending beyond the limits of the county.
e n 1
m
ETER COVERT. Among the names of the early settlers of Cherokee County stands that of Peter Covert, a well known farmer of Spring Val- ley township, living on a fine farm of 160 acres of land in section 34, township 34, range 24. He is a native of the "Hoosier State" and was born in Clark County on July 4, 1838.
Lucas Covert, his father, also a native of Clark County, Indiana, was born about 181 2 and secured his education in his home county. After leaving school, he learned the trade of cooper, and followed that occupation during the early years of manhood. He married Anna Needles, a native of Indiana, and to this union were born five children, as follows: William, Andrew, Peter, Harriet and Catherine. Mrs. Covert, the mother of these children died when our subject was five years of age. Later, Mr. Covert contracted a second marriage, this time
with Mrs. Hannah Combes, nee Bird. The children of this marriage were : Monroe, James A., Frank and George D. Lucas Covert left Indiana in 1852 and located in Atchison County, Missouri, where he engaged in farm- ing for six years. In 1858 he removed to Pawnee County, Nebraska, where he followed the same occupation until his death, which oc- curred in 1 898.
Peter Covert, the subject of this review, received his education in the schools of his native State, and in those of Missouri. After leaving school, as is the custom among most farmers' sons, he spent some time working for his father on the farm. Removing with his father to Nebraska, he remained with him until the breaking out of the Civil War, when he enlisted in October, 1S62, in Company C, 2nd Reg., Nebraska Vol. Cav., and served on the plains for nine months. Reenlisting in the spring of 1865, in Company H, 51st Reg., Missouri Vol. Inf., he was discharged in June, 1865, having seen hospital service most of his time during this period of enlistment. At the close of the war, he returned to Atchison County, Missouri, and soon after, in 1866, re- moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he has since resided. Mr. Covert was one of the men who laid out the town of Lowell, and drove the first stake. His farm comprises 160 acres of fine farm land all under cultivation. The products are those of the average farm of that section.
On July 17, 1870, the marriage ceremony was performed which united Mr. Covert and Mahala O. Shepherd, a native of Missouri. To this union have been born six children, as follows : Flora A., Anna, Joseph Alexander, John A.. Benjamin and Ida. Flora A. married Clark Goodnight, a farmer of Labette County, and has three children. Anna married Elam Hodson, a mining engineer of Long Beach, California, and has two children. Joseph Alex-
MILTON WARREN ASHMORE
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.
387
ander, who enlisted in Company E, 38th Reg., U. S. Vol. Inf., and served two years in the Philippines, married Rosa Thair and has one child. He resides in Franklin County, Kansas, where he is at present engaged in farming. John A. and Benjamin reside at home. Ida married Samuel Simmons, a rural free delivery mail carrier of Baxter Springs, and has two children.
Mr. Covert has been a lifelong voter of the Republican ticket, and was elected to the office of constable, in which position his incumbency lasted for two years. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. and G. A. R.
[CTOR HUGHES is one of the repre- sentative farmers of Cherokee Coun- ty, and his farm of 200 acres, lo- cated in Pleasant View township, in sections 2, 3 and 4, township 32, range 25, is one of the best in the county. He is a native of Michigan, where he was born in 1847, ancl *s a son of John and Emily (Hurlbert) Hughes and a grandson of John Hughes.
John Hughes, the grandfather, was born in Scotland. He chose the life of a sailor, and spent his early manhood on the seas. Later in life he turned his attention to farming, and his last years were passed in that pursuit in the western part of the State of New York. Among the family born to him was John, Victor's father, who grew to manhood and married Emily Hurlbert, also of New York. He was a painter by trade, and continued to fol- low that occupation during his residence in New York. Then he moved to Illinois and was engaged in farming until his deatb, at the age of 52 years. His wife survived him a long time, dying in her 77th year. He was a Democrat, but took little part in politics. Four of the five children born to this couple are 21
still living, namely : Mary, Victor, Annette and Willis.
Victor Hughes was a lad of nine years when his parents moved to Tazewell County, Illinois, and settled on a farm. Being the eldest son, he assisted his father and in time became one of the most practical farmers of his locality. Seeing the opportunities offering in the West to an enterprising man who would take advantage of them, he moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1878, and settled on 80 acres of land in Pleasant View township, in section 3, township 32, range 25. He has found that the State fully justifies his estimate of it, and the same industry which made him prominent in his old home has been rewarded here by abundant harvests. These have en- abled him to add to his first purchase, — first 80 acres in section 2, and later, 40 acres in section 4. This land he farms, finding keen enjoyment in his well kept fields and growing crops.
In 1877, Mr. Hughes was married to Sarah Covey, a native of Missouri, and a daughter of John and Susan (Pettee) Covey. Her father went to California, where he died, and her mother passed away in the old home in Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes are the pa- rents of seven children, six of whom are living, namely: Emma, who married Ralph Burr, and has two children, — Rose and Ruth; Bertha, who married Al. Thomas; Maggie; Mary; Charles and Flora.
ILTON WARREN ASHMORE, a highly respected retired farmer of Cherokee County, residing on his farm in section 23, township 31, range 25, Pleasant View township, was born in Clark County, Illinois, October 13, 1830, and is a son of Rev. James and Catherine (Armstrong) Ashmore.
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
The Ashmore family is of Scotch-Irish extraction. The paternal grandparents of the subject of this sketch were Amos and Patience Ashmore. natives of North Carolina and early settlers in Illinois. The Ashmores have been noted for the quick temper which usually ac- companies an alert intelligence, but the patient qualities of the grandmother, who was rightly named, brought in the strain which has been the controlling element in her descendants. Rev. James Ashmore was born before his par- ents moved to Illinois, and, although a youth of unusual intelligence, was a grown man be- fore he had mastered the common-school curri- culum of the present day. In the pioneer re- gion in which the family settled, no educa- tional opportuities were afforded, and the sub- ject of this sketch recalls the spectacle of his father studying the rules of grammar with his children, by the light of the hearth fire.
At a very early age James Ashmore was convinced of his call to the ministry of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Although a graduate of no school of theology, he was a vigorous and successful preacher. Thoroughly persuaded of the truth, and a firm believer in the Bible, he earnestly and efficiently set forth the doctrines of his faith. Naturally an orator, his ministry was attended with convincing proofs of its efficacy. Like the Apostle Paul, he believed it right to provide for his necessi- ties with the work of his hands, and all his active life he followed the quiet pursuits of agriculture. In 1838 he removed to Vermil- lion County, Illinois, where he died in 1882, aged 76 years.
James Ashmore was but 19 years of age when he married Catherine Armstrong, a daughter of Richard Armstrong, of Illinois, who had only reached her 14th year. This marriage was an unusually happy one, and eight children were born to them, viz : Hiram II.. of Peoria, Illinois; Milton Warren; Mrs.
Sarah Brown, of Edgar, Illinois, whose hus- band is deceased ; Richard Nelson, of Chehalis, Washington ; Mary Catherine, residing with her brother at Peoria, Illinois; Robert Alex- ander, deceased ; Belle, wife of Henry Traugh- ber, of Monett, Missouri ; and James, who was a victim of the Civil War, being killed at the battle of Perryville. The mother of this family died October 13, 1851, aged 40 years. The father married, secondly, Sarah Newman, and they had five children.
The subject of this sketch was reared a farmer and remained at home until he reached the age of 21 years. He worked on various farms in his home neighborhood until the year 1866, when he and his wife started for Kansas. They stopped for two years at Medoc, Missouri, and there engaged in farm- ing, but in December, 1868, pushed on into Kansas, locating in the Cherokee Neutral Lands, and settling on the farm where they now live. This farm Mr. Ashmore continued to operate until 1899, when his son, Henry H., relieved him from the responsibility. There are light veins of coal on the place, which Mr. Ashmore mined for 12 years, finding it of very fine quality. He has made a specialty of the growing of fruit, and has an apple orchard of 300 bearing trees, a large vineyard and a peach orchard of 40 trees. He has demonstrated here the possibility of raising some of the finest fruit that can be placed on the market, and has made a financial success of his venture.
In February, 1854, Mr. Ashmore married Caroline H. Newman, a daughter of Alexander Newman, of Oakland, Illinois. They had seven children, the six who grew to maturity being as follows: James, of dishing, Oklahoma; Lillie Catherine, wife of Charles Roberts, of Pleasant View township; Stephen Allen, of Pleasant View township; John, who died in 1 89 1, leaving a widow and two children, who now reside with the subject of this sketch;
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Belle, wife of Albert Harmon, of Crawford, County, Kansas; and Henry H., who operates the home farm.
Mr, Ashmore is a member of the Cumber- land Presbyterian Church, in which he has been an elder since 1867. In his younger days, be- fore coming to Kansas, he was a Douglas Dem- ocrat, but for many years has been identified with the Prohibition party. He was one of the active members of the Sons of Temperance, in Illinois, and has always cast his influence in favor of prohibition measures. As a good citi- zen, he has taken an interest in the management of township affairs, and has served as school trustee and as road master. For some years, during his active agricultural life, he belonged to the Grange and Farmers' Alliance. He is a man who stands very high in his community. As one of the old settlers, he has witnessed the wonderful development of this region, and has done his share in bringing about the improved conditions which prevail throughout Cherokee County. His portrait accompanies this sketch.
S. COON. One of the necessary and beneficent institutions of Cherokee County is the farm maintained for the unfortunate poor of the county, for the past five years efficiently conducted by Superintendent H. S. Coon. It contains 240 acres and is situated in Crawford township, comprising the southeast quarter oif section 8, and the west half of the southwest quarter of section 9, township 33, range 24. This farm was started with five inmates, October 1, 1882, Mr. Pattyson being its first superin- tendent. The following gentlemen have served as superintendents up to this date : Mr. Patty- son, 1882-83; M- !• Davis, 1883-84; Jacob Lemly, 1884-90; James Taylor, 1890-92; James Marshall, 1892-93; M. L. Medskei,
l&93~95', ancl I- D. Van Orsdall, 1895-99. On September 30, 1899, Mr. Coon succeeded to the office. The number of inmates has varied from 22 to 35, there being at present about 22. The farm has always been largely self-sup- porting, and in 1903 showed a balance on the credit side. It is well stocked, having at pres- ent 52 head of cattle, 67 head of hogs, two horses; and about 75 acres of corn, 30 acres of oats, and a large and well kept garden.
Superintendent H. S. Coon is a native of Carroll County, Missouri, where he was born in 1862, and is a son of Florello and Anna (Bennett) Coon. The father was a New York State man, who removed to Nebraska in the late "fifties", where he married and thence moved to Carroll County, Missouri. In 1883 he came to Kansas, locating at Weir City, where he made his home until the year before his death, which occurred in 1891, at the age of
69 years. He was a carpenter, and also fol- lowed farming. The mother was a Virginian, by birth, who came when a child to the Mississ- ippi Valley, and finally to Nebraska, where she married. She died in 1900 at the age of
70 years. These parents reared six children to maturity. A daughter, Mrs. McClure, lives in Cherokee County.
Mr. Coon remained at home in Carroll County until he had reached the age of 20 years, when he came to Cherokee County. Since that time he has divided his labors be- tween mining and farming. He worked at Weir City when there was but one shaft at that point. He followed mining eight or 10 years.
At Weir City, Mr. Coon married Alice Lydick, a daughter of Isaac Lydick. She was born in Illinois, and came to Cherokee County in 1876. Isaac Lydick was a farmer in Cher- okee township, and died in Nebraska in 1903, at the age of 81 years. His widow now resides in Nebraska. To Mr. and Mrs. Coon have
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been born the following children : Lyle, Clyde, Frella, Bertie, Nettie and Lois.
In the matter of politics, Mr. Coon has been a stanch Populist since the organization of that party. He has served in a number of the minor offices, such as trustee, justice of the peace and road overseer. He is a worthy member of several - fraternal organizations, notably the Red Wen, the A. O. U. W., and the A. H. T. A.
Mr. Coon is what men call a self made man. Coming to the county a poor boy, he has by persistent effort and great industry forged to the front. In the position which he occupies at present, he is strict and careful concerning the property under his charge, while at the same time he is kindness itself to the unfor- tunates whose lot it is to need the fostering care of the county. Cherokee County is for- tunate in the possession of such an officer.
OHN FITZGERALD, city marshal of Galena, is a son of James and Ellen Fitzgerald, old and highly esteemed residents of Wyandotte County, Kan- sas. He was born April 19, 1865, and is one of 10 children, eight sons and two daughters, all of whom are living.
James Fitzgerald has been a resident of Wyandotte County, Kansas, for many years. As early as 1850, he went to Kansas City on a steamboat on the Missouri River and when the Union Pacifie Railroad was built he engaged with that company in their shops. Several years later he purchased a farm six miles out from Kansas City and still resides there. Probably in no point has the march of civiliza- tion been more noticeable than in that city which he has seen develop from a struggling, little, river town into a thriving, bustling citv whose commercial importance is recognized in every point of the globe.
John Fitzgerald was reared on a farm and followed that occupation during his early years, attending the public schools during the winter and farming in summer. This work, however, was not at all congenial to him and he tried railroading in the railroad yards at Argentine, Kansas. He also served as a member of the railroad police in Kansas City. Later he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and 16 years were spent in mining here and in Joplin, Mis- souri. In this work he was successful and in the fall of 1899 he located in Galena, as a miner and prospecter, and has been a respected resi- dent of the city since. Mr. Fitzgerald has taken an active interest in politics and his un- tiring efforts have been appreciated by the Democrats with whom he has labored so un- selfishly and successfully. He has not been an office seeker, bis work being done for love of party principles, and it was in accord with the general public sentiment that Mayor C. L. Sawyer appointed him marshal of Galena in 1903. Into this, as in all he undertakes, he puts his whole energy and has shown himself to be the right man in the right place, capable and efficient. He is a prominent Elk and a member of the Empire City Catholic Church.
LIJAH T. WEST, one of the success- ful farmers of Cherokee Count)-, lives on a farm of 80 acres in section 1, township 32, range 21, in Sheridan township, and also owns 80 acres in Labette County. He is a native of Lewis County, Ken- tucky, and was born in August, 1844. His parents were James M. and Sarah (Mark) West, both natives of the "Blue Grass State," where they grew to maturity and were mar- ried.
James M. West was a farmer and preacher. His special work was that of preaching for the
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American Missionary Association ; aside from his mission work and the care of the farm, he found time to preach the Word throughout his native county. An Abolitionist, he en- gendered the most bitter hatred from the slave- holders, and they tried to drive him out. So in 1855 ne removed to Pope County, Illinois, ■where he followed the occupation of farming during the week and preached on Sunday. The following year, in 1856, he was one of four men in that county who voted for Gen. John C. Fremont for president. After re- maining in Pope County for five years, he moved to Richville, Illinois, where he died in 1868.
His wife married again, this time to G. W. Camack of Kentucky, and moved to Wash- ington, Illinois, where they both died. The family consisted of nine children, as follows : William P., a farmer living in Minnesota, who was in the war five years as a member of Com- pany B, 62nd Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf. ; Elijah T. ; Mary, wife of Newberry Smith, who lives in Ashley, Illinois; Lizzie, living in Ashley, Illinois, who is the widow of J. M. Stevenson; Laura, wife of Adolph Camack, of Ashley, Illinois; Lucinda, wife of Floyd W. Brooks, of Sheridan township; Emma, wife of John Bledsoe, of Ashley, Illinois ; Gregg, a carpenter and farmer living in St. Louis, Missouri ; and Lydia, whose home is in Centralia, Illinois.
Elijah T. West had only limited opportun- ities for acquiring an education. The old log school house of the country district and the so- called "academy" of the country town were but poor prototypes of the schools of later years. His earlier years were spent with his parents at home until the opening of the Civil War, when, at the age of 18. he enlisted in Company B, 136th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., as a corporal. His first enlistment was on January 1, 1864, for three months. At the end of that time, he reenlisted in Company B, 62nd Reg., Illinois
Vol. Inf., and served until 1866. He did garri- son duty most of the time during his service, and participated in the battle of Pine Bluff, Arkansas, and was also at Port Gibson.
In 1866, soon after leaving the service, Mr. West took up his residence in Cherokee Coun- ty, Kansas, locating on 160 acres of "treaty right" land, in section 1, township 32, range 21. He lived alone at first in an old log cabin.
After five years of lonely life on the place, he married Emma Camack, a native of Chester County, Kentucky, and a daughter of G. W. and Martha (Baker) Camack. Mr. Camack's first wife, Mrs. West's mother, died in 1848, and he married, as his second wife, Amanda Former, of Tennessee, whose death occurred soon after. He married, as his third wife, the mother of our subject, who was a widow at that time. Mr. and Mrs. Elijah T. West have three children living, one son — George Leon — having died January 6, 1904. He was a well known carpenter and fine finisher of wood. Socially, he was a prominent member of the I. O. O. F. lodge at McCune, and left many friends to mourn his loss. The other children are: James Scott, a blacksmith of Sherman City, Kansas, who married Queen B. Anthony ; Flora, wife of G. W. Hayden, of Sheridan township; and Thomas H., who lives at home managing the work on the farm.
The married life of Mr. and Mrs. West has been spent on the farm purchased by him on his first visit to Kansas. They have made all the improvements, erected good farm build- ings, and brought the farm to a state of culti- vation which produces all of the small grains of the average farm of this section. Besides general farming, many horses, cattle and hogs are raised each year.
Mr. West is what may be called a suc- cessful, self-made man. He is well known in the county, and has hosts of friends. He has
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always evinced a deep interest in the welfare of the community, and has several times been honored with office, serving as a township trustee and also as treasurer of the School Board. In religious faith he and his family are Christians and have been earnest and valued workers in that denomination.
OHN W. ROHRBOUGH, a promi- nent farmer of Cherokee County, liv- ing on a 160-acre farm near McCune, in Sheridan township, was born in Hardy County, West Virginia, November 18, 1840. He is a son of John and Elizabeth (Fry) Rohrbough, both natives of Hardy County, where they grew to maturity and were married.
John Rohrbough, who was a farmer by occupation, moved to Douglas County, Illinois, in 1856. where he purchased 80 acres of land, and after 10 years residence there migrated Westward to Kansas, in 1866, with horses and wagon. The journey was made in company with several other families, some 15 wagons making the trip overland. Mr. Rohrbough located on 80 acres of wild, prairie land in Sheridan township, Cherokee County. Many improvements were made on the place, and the family continued to live there for several years, and then removed to Prairie Grove, Arkansas, where a 159-acre farm was purchased. There John Rohrbough lived until his death, his wife having died in Cherokee County. Mr. Rohr- bough belonged to the Dunkard Church. He was a Democrat but later became a Republi- can. The family consisted of eight children, five of whom are living. All were educated in the home schools, receiving such opportunities as were afforded in that early day.
John W. Rohrbough, the subject of this sketch, remained at home until 1862, when he
enlisted in Company A, 70th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf. After three months' service, he re- enlisted in Company F, 149th Reg., Illinois Vol Inf., and was in the Army of the Tennessee under General Steadman, but did not partici- pate in any battles.
After the war, in 1867, Mr. Rohrbough located on his present farm, where he has since lived, adding to his first purchase until now he has 160 acres of good farm land, which produces all the small grains. From the wild prairie, the farm, under proper cultivation, Ins become one of the most productive in the county. Many improvements have been made, not the least of which may be mentioned the substantial and comfortable farm house built in 1888, and the barn erected in 1899.
In 1868 our subject was united in marriage to Julia A. Betzer, a native of Dearborn Coun- ty, Ohio. Seven children were born to this union: Arthur W., a farmer of Sheridan town- ship ; Harvey R., a farmer of Labette County ; Orpha Ella (Mrs. William Cams), of Craw- ford County, Kansas; Lefea Loretta (Mrs. M. Morgan), of Parsons, Kansas; and Nellie May, Lenta Elva (a teacher) and Robert R., who live at home.
Mr. Rohrbough has been a Populist since that party's organization, but formerly voted with the Republicans. His success in farm- ing has been the result of his own unaided efforts, and he has by his honesty and upright dealings made for himself many friends throughout the county.
AVID CROWE is one of the large land owners and prominent farmers of Cherokee County. He owns 960 acres of land and resides on a tract
of 21 acres which is now included in Weir City.
He came to this section in the early days of its
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settlement, and is one of its most highly re- spected citizens. Mr. Crowe was born in Penn- sylvania in 1836, and is a son of Samuel T. and Mary (Seibert) Crowe.
The father of Mr. Crowe was of Scotch- Irish descent, and the mother, of German an- cestry, but both were born in Pennsylvania. They had a family of 12 children, the only two survivors being David; and Samuel, who fol- lows farming in Pennsylvania. The latter, with two other brothers, Robert and James, served in the Civil War, all in the 114th Reg., Pennsylvania Vol. Inf. James was a victim of the battle of Seven Oaks. Samuel was made a prisoner in the early part of the war, and was confined at Suffolk, and in the awful prison pen at Andersonville, where he was subjected to indignities and to suffering seemingly impos- sible in a civilized country. These resulted in the ruin of his health, the loss of his hair, and of all power of speech, for two years. When released he was a wreck, and the small pension the government awarded him can never com- pensate him for what he suffered as one of the country's defenders.
David Crowe had but limited educational op- portunities in his youth, his usefulness on the farm being too great to allow of his spending much time over books. Conditions were harder for farm boys half a century ago than now, when machinery takes the place of brawn and muscle. Until he was 19 years of age, he fol- lowed the plough and wielded the hoe on the home farm. Then he accepted a position in the Public Iron Works in Pennsylvania, and remained with that concern for 12 years. His next move was to Vinton, Ohio, where he was engaged in chopping wood by contract, and later, for four years, in running a tannery. This he sold in 1870. In that year Mr. Crowe came to Cherokee County, Kansas. The avail- able land at that time was in litigation between the railroad companies and a body of united
citizens known as the Land League, and Mr. Crowe did not try to secure property of his own until 10 years later. He farmed during this period on the James F. Joy land, who was a railroad contractor and controlled the land owned by the railroad company. After the land litigation had been satisfactorily settled, Mr. Crowe purchased 960 acres, which he still owns. It is located as follows : The whole of section 16; a quarter of section 10; the west half of the northwest quarter of section 1 1 ; the south half of the southwest quarter of sec- tion 3, all in township 32, range 24, making 960 acres, besides the 21 acres in section 34, township 31, range 24, on which he lives, and which is now an addition to the southern part of Weir City. This land is all valuable and Mr. Crowe, with an army of assistants, has it under a fine state of cultivation,— its annual yield testifying to the fertility of Kansas soil.
On his own home tract he has a valuable coal vein, the quality of the product being that known as the four-feet vein. Mr. Crowe sells coal from this vein. Formerly he was largely interested in the raising of horses, in fact he was at one time the leading man in this line in the county, but now devotes more time to hogs and Shorthorn and Red Polled cattle. His various enterprises have resulted success- fully, and have made Mr. Crowe one of Chero- kee County's capitalists. He has been identified with public affairs in the county and township, serving on the School Board of District No. 69, as Cherokee township treasurer, and for three years was a member of the Board of County Commissioners of Cherokee County.
In 1857, Mr. Crowe married Susan Irving, who was born in Clarion County, Pennsylva- nia. They have a family of three sons and three daughters, as follows : J. Robert, of the J. R. Crowe Coal Company, of Weir City, re- siding at Kansas City, who married Margaret Hamilton, daughter of William Hamilton, of
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Weir City, and has two children, — Stewart and Mary C. ; Mary Catherine, born in Jackson County, Ohio, who married B. S. Abbott, of Weir City, and has two children, Nellie May and Vida; Brady W., born in Vinton, Ohio, who married Jennie Holmes; Ada Belle, born in Vinton County, Ohio, who is the wife of Sidney Gould, the present postmaster of Weir City ; Mark, born in Cherokee County, Kansas, who married Nellie Gingery, and has one child, — Bernice ; and Effie May, born in Chero- kee County, Kansas, who married Joseph R. Burnett, and died in Weir City, in 1900, leav- ing one child, — Joseph R., Jr.
Mr. Crowe was reared in the principles of the Democratic party, but since he reached years of discretion he has been identified with the Republicans. While not a member of any religious bod)'', he is liberal in his support of all, and is a man of high character and unim- peachable integrity. He has seen this section of Kansas in its worst days, has done his share in bringing about its peace and prosperity, and receives, as he deserves, the respect and personal regard of all who know him.
AMES H. BROOKS, a leading farmer of Cherokee County, living on one of the finest 160-acre farms in Sheridan township, is a native of Hart County, Kentucky. He is a son of Rev. Joshua Brooks, a sketch of whose family is found in another part of this volume in the biography devoted to Floyd W. Brooks, our subject's brother.
James H. Brooks was born October 7, 1841, at a time when only subscription schools flour- ished in his native State, and bad little opportu- nity for acquiring even a common-school edu- cation. His earlier years were spent in very hard work on the farm, and not until he grew to manhood did he have a chance to acquaint
himself with books. At the age of 19, he left home and lived in another section of the State until the breaking out of the Civil War.
In April, 1864, he enlisted in Company D, 60th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., at Mount Vernon, Illinois, and was with the 14th Army Corps. Most of the time of his enlistment was spent in Georgia, where he was with Sherman in his famous "March to the Sea," afterwards taking part in the Grand Review at Washington, D. C. He was later mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky, and discharged at Spring-field, Illi- nois.
Mr. Brooks' marriage occurred in 1867, the bride being Almira Woodworth, of Athens County, Ohio. To this union six children have been born, namely : Charles H., a graduate of the State Normal School at Emporia, now the principal of Spring Hill School, Johnson Coun- ty, Kansas; Lydia, wife of C. A. Rule, of Mannford, Oklahoma; Albert, a farmer of Sheridan township; Fred, who is farming on the old home place; Lucina, wife of C. Wise, of West Mineral ; and Nina L., who lives at home.
Mr. Brooks and his wife came to Cherokee County, Kansas, April 1, 1880, and for the first two years of his residence here he rented the farm that he operated. At the end of that time, he purchased the 160 acres of land where he now lives. It was the usual wild land of the West, with some little breaking done by a former settler, and without fences, roads or buildings. Mr. Brooks put forth his best efforts to make of this a home for himself and family; that he succeeded in so doing is proved by the appearance of the place as it is to-day, with its cultivated acres, its pastures and its orchards of various fruits. Besides general farming, our subject raises a great deal of stock, and has in his possession, some thoroughbred Angora goats.
In politics, Mr. Brooks is a Socialist, and
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fraternally a Mason, his membership being in the lodge at McCune, Kansas. He is also a member of the A. H. T. A., No. 10, of which he has been president for a number of years. Many times Mr. Brooks has occupied positions of trust; at the present time, though retired from active work on the farm, he is president of the Mutual Rural Telephone Company, which was organized in 1902. A well read man, who unaided acquired an education, he is one of the most progressive farmers of this section, always bringing to his work the knowl- edge acquired by his extensive reading. His acquaintance reaches beyond the limits of his county, and he is highly esteemed by all who know him.
DMUND BAKER. There are few citizens of Weir City, who have been more closely identified with its mate- rial growth, than Edmund Baker, the result of whose public spirit and business enterprise may be seen in the substantial struct- ures which line the city's business streets, and the elegant mansions which adorn its choice residence portions. Mr. Baker was born in 1 84 1 in Somersetshire, England, and is a son of Richard and Maria (Jenkins) Baker.
Richard Baker was born in Somersetshire, England, in 1808. He followed the trade of a brick-maker all of his life, and died in 1872, at Swansea, Wales. His wife was also born in Somersetshire, and died at Swansea, Wales, in 1902, when more than 90 years of age. Of the six children resulting from their union but two came to America, and but two still survive, — Edmund and his brother, Richard, now a resident of Indiana.
Edmund Baker came to America with his family in 1873, and resided at St. Louis, Mis- souri, until May, 1874, when he removed to Weir City, Kansas. He obtained employment
in the smelting works, where he continued until 1889. In the meantime, about 1883, he bought 80 acres of land in section 33, township 31, range 24, in Cherokee township, Cherokee County, a most fortunate purchase both for Mr. Baker and for his chosen city of residence. It placed in his possession large capital, through the discovery of rich coal beds underlying it, and instead of settling down to an agricultural life, Mr. Baker leased the land until the coal was exhausted, and then, with sufficient means at command, platted it and named the suburb "Bakertown." Men of less business capacity and less public spirit, would then have retired from the field and left others to continue the improvement of this section, which is now one of the most desirable additions to the city. Mr. Baker, however, continued his operations, divided his property into city lots, and as he spent lavish sums in their adornment and im- provement, they were sold at high figures, mak- ing him one of the large capitalists of the section. In 1883 he built his first house here, which he replaced in 1894 with his present ele- gant residence. He has also built other houses in the town. In 1891 he built the Edmund Baker Block, on Main street, Weir City, which is the finest modern structure in the place. Mr. Baker has not limited his energies to advancing his personal interests, his public spirit being shown by assistance given to many successful commercial enterprises and public works, and by the encouragement offered to educational institutions.
On January 1, 1862, at Swansea, Wales, Mr. Baker was married to Martha Fudge, who was born at Bristol, England. Five of their children were born on the other side of the At- lantic, namely : Walter, who married Egele Deaneve, and died at Weir City in 1902; Rich- ard; William; Thomas, who married Susan Villiens, and has one child, — Martha; ami Emily, who married Joseph Hanley, and has
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one son, — Walter. Two children, Martha and Maria (twins) were born in South St. Louis, Missouri, and died a few days after their birth.
Politically. Mr. Baker is a Democrat, and he has served six years as a councilman at Weir
. Fraternally, he is associated with the Masons. Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias and the Ancient Order of United Workmen.
Only a man of energy and resolution and, at the same time, of good judgment and ster- ling qualities of head and heart, could have ac- complished what Mr. Baker has done at Weir City. The good wishes of his fellow citizens have followed him into the retirement of pri- vate life. His portrait is shown on a preceding page.
OBERT P. HANKS, a substantial citizen and a good farmer of Lola township, owns a well improved farm of 260 acres, situated in section 1. township 33, range 22. He was born in Mus- catine County, Iowa, November 9, 1856, and is a son of Jonathan and Hannah (Pasley) Hanks.
Jonathan Hanks was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1828, and died in McDonald County. Missouri, in 1888, at the age of 60 years. He married Hannah Pasley, who was also born in Muskingum County, and died in Iowa, in 1870. They had the following named children : Elizabell, deceased ; Miflin Levi, of Denver, Colorado; Frank, of Wallace County, Kansas; Firman J.; Robert P.; George, of Mound Valley, Kansas; John, of Nebraska; Sydney, of Denver, Colorado ; and Mrs. Addie Stotten, of Salamanca township. Jonathan Hanks was a farmer and stockraiser all his life, and, while generally successful, had num- erous ups and downs in the stock business. When Robert P. Hanks was 20 years of age, he accompanied his parents to Linn
County, Kansas. Two years later, about 1878, shortly after his marriage, he came to Cherokee County. Here he purchased 80 acres of land and subsequently bought 80 more, coming to his present location about 12 years ago. For the past 10 years, in addition to farming, Mr. Hanks has been engaged in buy- ing and shipping timber for the coal mines. — a business he has found very remunerative. He came to Lola township before much improving had been done, and had his share of the hard- ships with which early settlers in this beautiful section had to contend. He has done his part in improving conditions, and for years has been one of the reliable, representative men of the township.
In December. 1877, Mr. Hanks married Currilda J. Hayes, who was born December 9, 1855, in Ohio, and is a daughter of Wesley and Theressa Hayes. They have six children, viz. : Mrs. Sydia Theressa Hitchcock, of Wash- ington; and Charles, Alta, Maude, Joseph and Clarence, who are at home.
Mr. Hanks is a stanch Democrat, and has filled many of the township offices, perform- ing his duties with due regard for the best interests of the public. For 16 years he has been on the School Board, and his judgment is frequently consulted in the furthering of educational affairs in Lola township.
pAYID J. WATSON was for many years a most highly respected farmer of Cherokee County, and left many friends to mourn his loss when death came on April 20. 1902. He was born in Frankfort. Kentucky. March 18. 1828. and was a son of Jonathan and Nancy Watson, also natives of the "Blue Grass State.-'
Jonathan Watson was a carpenter and mill- wright. After his marriage, he removed to
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McComb County, Illinois, where his wife died. Mr. Watson's death occurred later in Mis- souri, to which State he had moved after his wife's death.
David J. Watson was reared in Illinois and "in September, 1865, removed to Cherokee County, Kansas, becoming the first settled in Sheridan township. He located on 160 acres of land in section 23, township ^2, range 21, where his widow now resides. The journey from Illinois to Kansas was made in a wagon drawn by six yoke of oxen. The country through which they passed was still considered the far West, while the territory to which they were bound was called the "frontier." Only unbroken prairie greeted the eye, while the nearest place at which supplies could be ob- tained was Leavenworth, which was many miles away. He first proceeded to erect a small, floorless, log cabin and then dug a well, which was the first to be put down in the town- ship. The early settlers were not in danger of starvation, for there was plenty of game and an energetic man could have had email on toast for breakfast, roast duck for dinner and fried or stewed rabbit for supper.
In Illinois Mr. Watson married his first wife, Elizabeth A. Wyatt, who died in 1872 in Sheridan township. The children of this marriage numbered eight, three of whom are living: Albert, of McCune, Kansas; John, of Crawford County, Kansas; and Nellie, the wife of Irvin Palmer, who lives in Washington. In December, 1873, a second marriage was consummated, the bride being Mrs. Matilda Mizer, of Williams County, Ohio, she was a daughter of E. Shatto and Amy Brown his wife, and the widow of John Mizer of Ohio, who came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1870, and spent one year in Sheridan town- ship, and then moved to Arkansas, where he was killed in 1871. Mrs. Watson's father was a native of the "Keystone State" and her
mother was a "Buckeye." The mother's death occurred in Iowa in 1881, and the father's some 23 years later, in April, 1904, at the age of 87. To the second marriage of our sub- ject, five children were born, four of whom are living, as follows; Montford, who resides at Sherman City, Where he runs a store and barber shop; Roy, who lives at home; Grace, the wife of Charles Stevens, a farmer of Ross township; and Vada Ethel. Earl died at the age of two months. The children of Mrs. Watson's first marriage are: Orville, a farmer living near Sapulpa, Indian Territory; Dick, a blacksmith and wagon-maker of Basalt, Colo- rado; Kate, the wife of William Tate of La- clede County, Missouri ; and Edward, a farmer of Sapulpa, Indian Territory.
During the Civil War, Mr. Watson spent his time doing hospital duty, caring for the sick and wounded soldiers.
In the earlier days of his residence, he was appointed to the position of mail carrier be- tween Sherman City and Hallowed. Politi- cally he was a Republican, and several times was honored by being elected to office. So- cially he was a member of the I. O. O. F., and religiously a consistent member of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church. He was a man of genial and engaging personality, making friends of all whom he met. Pie had an ex- tensive acquaintance throughout the county, and was held in. the hisliest esteem.
OHN W. WAGNER, one of the lead- ing and representative citizens of Cherokee County, was born in Ire- dell County, North Carolina, Febru- , 1853. The name so famous in musical composition is of German origin, but the sub- ject of this sketch is of English descent on the maternal side.
The father, I. L. Wagner, was born in
ary 1:
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Davidson County, North Carolina, in 1815. Having few advantages as compared with the youth of to-day, he acquired only such educa- tion as the country schools afforded. Having been reared on the farm, he chose farming as a means of livelihood. To his marriage with Elizabeth Goodman, a daughter of Henry Goodman, a well known Lutheran clergyman, 11 children were born, as follows: Albert L., a farmer and cotton-gin operator of Troutman, North Carolina; Charles M., who resides with his brother, Albert L. ; John W., the subject of this review; Esther F., the wife of Homer Leonard, a farmer and the county assessor of Hancock County, Indiana; Susan E., the wife of William Johnson, a merchant of Troutmans, North Carolina; Daniel, who died in child- hood; Henry, a carpenter of Iredell County, North Carolina ; Mary V., the wife of William Kimball, a merchant of Statesville, North Carolina ; Amanda, the wife of Scott Bark- ley, a farmer of the same place; S. Alice, deceased February 29, 1904, who was the wife of Luther Kimball; and David L., who is farming on the old homestead in Iredell Coun- ty, North Carolina. The father, T. L. Wagner, died in 1894. The mother, at an advanced age, is still living, her home being at Troutmans, North Carolina.
At the age of 21, John W. Wagner had finished the common-school course, in the schools of Statesville and Taylorsville, North Carolina. For three years after leaving school, he was employed as a teacher and later as a traveling salesman. In the spring of 1880 he went to Texas, where he remained two years, engaged in grading on a railroad. A visit East then took him to Indiana for a few months and later, after spending several months at the old home in North Carolina, he returned West and located in Cherokee County, Kansas. After farming for a year in Salamanca township, and nearly two years in Neosho township, he
moved to Neutral, Spring Valley township, where, with the exception of one year spent as a merchant in Galena, he has since resided. For a period of 13 years he was a merchant in Neutral and was also station agent.
On February 22, 1883, Mr. Wagner was married to Fanny S. Herman, a daughter of Miles and Camilla Herman, farmers of Cataw- ba County, North Carolina. Miles Herman enlisted in the Civil War and never returned to his home. Mr. and Mrs. Wagner have five children, as follows : Alexon, Leslie Herman, Mary Stella, Bertha Ida, and Marshall Ralph, all living at home.
The farm that is the family homestead con- sists of 120 acres of fine farm land, all under cultivation. It produces all the small grains besides hay, and some fruit is raised ; the build- ings are of a substantial and comfortable kind, the home being an unusually pleasant one, whose owners make all welcome with true Southern hospitality. Our subject and his wife are consistent members of the Lutheran Church, taking an active part in the church life of that organization. A lifelong Democrat, Mr. Wag- ner votes the ticket straight, and takes an active interest in politics. He was honored by elec- tion to the office of township trustee in 1900 and is at present treasurer of his township. The prosperity of the county lies in just such men as Mr. Wagner. He is a man of broad and liberal views and gives his earnest support to all measures tending toward the betterment and the prosperity of his township and county.
SAIAH M. COLTRANE. Among the well known old settlers of the county, now deceased, no name stands higher in the memory of the residents than that of the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this review. For many years he was a resident of Sheridan township, where
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he lived on a farm of 200 acres in sections 21 and 16, township 32, range 22. He was born in North Carolina, April 19, 1838, and was a son of William and Elizabeth Coltrane, natives of the same State.
William Coltrane, our subject's father, who was a farmer by occupation, concluding that the West held greater possibilities for the far- mer, came to Kansas in 1866 and bought a farm near Timber Hill, Kansas, and later re- moved to Sheridan township, Cherokee County, where he resided until his death. His family consisted of seven children, — Isaiah M. (called '"Jim" when he was in the army) ; Mary; Lou- ise; Franklin; John; Monroe; and Branson.
Isaiah M. Coltrane was occupied on the home farm until the age of 21, when he went to Parke County, Indiana, where he enlisted in the nth Regiment, Indiana Vol. Cav. He served three years in the Civil War under Grant, dur- ing that time being taken prisoner twice and held for a short time. At the close of the war, he returned to Parke County, Indiana, where he was united in marriage to Samantha Ella Teague, a daughter of John and Luzana (Morgan) Teague, natives of Guilford Coun- ty, North Carolina. The father, John Teague, when a boy of 12 years, went with his mother to Indiana, where he remained the rest of his life, following the occupation of farming. In politics he was a Republican and religiously a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the mother belonged to the United Brethren. His death occurred in 1884, and that of his wife in 1896. Their family consisted of these children : Lofton, of Parke County, Indiana; Cynthia (Trueblood), of Berkley County, California; Samantha Ella, our subject's first wife; Virena, Rockville, Indiana; Sarah Emily, our subject's second wife; Joseph and Mary, of Marshall, In- diana ; Albert, a resident of California ; Mau- rice, of New York City; and Bertie, of King- man, Indiana.
Mr. Coltrane's first wife died in July, 1881, and in 1883 he married Sarah Emily Teague, a sister of his first wife. The children of his first marriage were Annie J., Mary and John, all deceased. The children of the second mar- riage are as follows : Bertha May and Homer M., both living with the mother on the home farm. In the spring of 1866, Mr. Coltrane came to Kansas, first going to Douglas County, where he stayed only a short time before com- ing to Cherokee County, where he located on 160 acres of land in section 21, township 32, range 22, later adding 40 acres adjoining in section 16, which go to make up the 200-acre farm, where the family now reside. The place was unimproved, the only building being a small log house. He began to make improve- ments, and in later years built substantial farm buildings, and now the place stands as a monu- ment to the perseverance and untiring energy of one man.
In politics he was a Republican, socially a member of the G. A. R., and religiously a con- sistent member of the Friends' Meeting. No family stands higher in the county than the one bearing the name of Coltrane. The mother and children, loved and esteemed by all who know them, are worthy representatives of the man whose death caused universal sorrow through- out the township.
LIJAH WILLIAM SPENCER, a well known farmer and respected cit- izen of Ross township, who owns a finely cultivated farm of 80 acres, sit- uated in section 28, township 31, range 23, was born in Boone County, Indiana, March 10, 1838. He is a son of Elijah W. and Mary Spencer.
The father and mother were natives of Ken- tucky, whence they moved to Boone County,
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H ISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Indiana, where the former followed farming until his death, in 1839, leaving the subject of this sketch, his only child, an infant. The mother contracted a second marriage, wedding Jesse Roberts. They moved to Platte County, Missouri, and later to Crawford County, Ar- kansas, where Mr. Roberts was engaged in farming until 1862. His death occurred at Fort Smith, Arkansas. He left a family of eight children.
The boyhood of Elijah Williams Spencer was spent in work on the farm, and his school opportunities were limited to a period of two months. He accompanied the family to Craw- ford County, Arkansas, where he married and lived until 1863, when he spent one year in Missouri, and then moved to Taylor County, Iowa, where he was engaged in farming for five years. He then took a farm in Cedar County, Missouri, but did not feel well enough satisfied there to remain longer than five years. In 1874 he moved to Crawford County, Kansas, and four years later located on his present farm of 80 acres in Ross township. A small clearing had been made and a little cabin erected, but most of the improving had to be done by Mr. Spencer, who was admirably aided by his wife. It was a dreary outlook at first, and Mr. Spen- cer had much to contend with, for he was a poor man at that time, but all the discouraging features have been eliminated and prosperity has followed. He carries on general farming, and raises hogs, cattle and horses.
On September 19, 1858, Mr. Spencer was married to Mary Mickey, who was born in Cedar County, Missouri, and is a daughter of Ellis and Matilda Mickey, the former a native of Iowa, and the latter, of Illinois. Ellis Mickey went to California in 1848, and after five years' residence there was lost sight of. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have had 10 children, namely : Elvira, who is the wife of D. Grisham, of Rocky Ford, Colorado; Johanna, deceased;
Andrew, who is a farmer at Highland, Okla- homa ; William, who conducts a restaurant at Cherryvale, Kansas ; Albert, who is farming in Oklahoma; Jesse, who is deceased; Elijah, a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church, who lives at Cedarvale, Kansas ; Fannie, de- ceased, who was the wife of Joseph Cunning- ham; Anna, who is the wife of Edward Ar- buckle, of Washington; and James, who is at home.
Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have a very pleasant home in a desirable part of Ross township, and its comfort and attractiveness are the direct results of their industry. They have reared a large family to be excellent members of society, and they enjoy the respect and esteem of a large circle of friends. They are valued mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Spencer is a Republican in politics, and is much interested in the success of his party, but he has never desired any political office.
RTHUR T. REVELL, M. D.. a well known medical practitioner at Scam- mon, of the firm of McClellan, Re- vell, Iliff & Newton, was born in 1878, at Columbus, Kansas, and is a son of Harry and Ella (Dowd) Revell.
Harry Revell was a native of France, but Arthur T. does not remember him, as the father's death took place when the son was two or three years old. The latter's only sister is the wife of Dr. George B. McClellan, of Weir City, the senior member of the medical firm above mentioned. By a second marriage, with Peter Theis, Mrs. Revell became the mother of two other children, — Frank and Mar}'.
Dr. Revell received his early mental train- ing at Columbus, and later became a student in the Weir City High School, where he was graduated in 1893. He was then engaged,
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for two years, in clerking in the drug store of Dr. I. E. Strickers, and afterwards began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. G. B. McClellan at Weir City. After being under his capable instruction for 18 months, he en- tered the Kansas City Medical College, where he was graduated in 1900.
Dr. Revell was received into partnership by Dr. G. B. McClellan, under the firm name of McClellan & Revell, at Weir City. After 18 months they enlarged the territory of their medical practice, and admitted Dr. C. B. Coss, Dr. D. A. Iliff and Dr. Newton, under the firm name of McClellan, Revell, Iliff & Newton, their field covering, individually and collect- ively, Weir City, Scammon, Cherokee and Chi- copee. In the fall of 1901 Dr. Revell located in Scammon, and here enjoys a large and lucra- tive practice, and much personal popularity.
In 1903, Dr. Revell married Mary McNa- mara, who was born in the Indian Territory, and is a daughter of Patrick and Mary (Swee- ney) McNamara. They are the parents of one child, Arthur, born August 5, 1904. They have many pleasant social connections in the city, take part in its various activities and give and receive much hospitality. Although Dr. Revell is still a young practitioner, he has shown a degree of skill and ability that has won him public confidence.
NDREW BOYD, who resides in sec- tion 21, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township, has followed farming and carpentering in this vicinity for many years and has been decidedly successful. He is a native of Parke County, Indiana, where he was born March 7, 1836, and is a son of Andrew and Elizabeth (Butcher) Boyd.
The parents of our subject were born and
reared near Lexington, Kentucky, and were also married there. They removed to Parke County, Indiana, at a time when the country was sparsely settled and it was still unsafe be- cause of hostile Indians. He cleared a farm and continued there until 1844 when he moved West to Keokuk County, Iowa, where he took a claim. After his death in 1846, his widow and children returned to Parke County, Indi- ana, in 1847. The children were: John, de- ceased ; Isaac, deceased ; Eliza Ann, deceased ; William, deceased; Margaret, deceased; Jane, deceased; Clark, who lives in Omaha, Ne- braska; Andrew; Dorcas, of Parke County, Indiana ; and Samuel, deceased.
Andrew Boyd had no chance for schooling and lived with his mother until his marriage; he then moved to Putnam County, Indiana, where he farmed and engaged in carpentering until 1865. He then removed to Mahaska County, Iowa, and four months later came to Cherokee County, Kansas, taking up 160 acres in section 14, Sheridan township. The land had not been surveyed at that time and he was not sure of his location. He put up a cabin 16 feet square, with clap-board door, and then helped others to build their homes. In addition to carpentering and farming, he did considerable masonry work, both in brick and stone. He lived on his first farm two years, then sold and bought his present farm in section 21, also a tract of 26 acres in section 16, all in township 32, range 22, on which property he put up all the buildings and made all the improvements. He built his present comfortable home in 1880, and has lived in it since. He raises wheat, corn and oats and is also engaged in stock-rais- ing, having a large number of cattle, horses and mules. He has continued at his trade as a carpenter, and in 1867 built the first ferry boat in Labette County. He also owns 120 acres of land in sections 8 and 17, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
On October 21, 1858, Mr. Boyd was joined in marriage with Edith C. Holladay, who was born in Parke County, Indiana, and is a daugh- ter of William and Maria (Scott) Holladay, her father a native of North Carolina and her mother, of South Carolina. William Holladay located in Orange County, Indiana, when a boy, accompanying his father, at a time when it was necessary to live within the fort because of the Indians. He later went to Illinois and ran a flat-boat to New Orleans. In later years he followed the trade of a saddler in Vermilion County, Illinois. He and his wife died in Put- nam County, Indiana. Our subject and his wife are parents of 10 children, as follows: Carrie and Charles, deceased ; Lillie, wife of D. W. Owen, of Labette County, Kansas; William, deceased; Minnie, wife of Ed. McDaniel, of Labette County, Kansas; Allen, deceased; Stella, wife of David Holt; Daisy, wife of Allen Rennie, of Sheridan township ; Cooper, who married Mary Miller, and lives at home; and Clyde, who has exhibited talent as an artist, and is living at home. Mr. Boyd is a Democrat in politics, but has never sought nor held office. Religiously, he has been a member of the Christian Church since 1856, the first church services having been held in the old log school house at Sherman City, which was put up by our subject in 1867.
EORGE FRANKLIN APPLEGATE, one of the enterprising and success- ful men of Weir City, where he con- ducts a prosperous livery business, was born May 1, 1865, in Lafayette, Indiana. When a small child Mr. Applegate's par- ents moved to Jackson County, Iowa, where the father died, in 1873, at the age of 48 years. He was a cooper by trade and followed this in combination with farming. He left a family
consisting of his widow and five children, the four survivors being, — George Franklin ; John J. ; Jennie and Melvin. The mother, aged 59 years, still resides at Weir City, to which place she came, with her children, in 1881.
George Franklin Applegate was 19 years old when he accompanied his mother to Weir City, and he soon secured employment at the zinc works, where he continued until 1894. He accumulated some means and earned the esteem of all with whom he came in contact. In January, 1894, he embarked in the livery busi- ness, which he has managed very successfully ever since. His stables are well equipped, and he has horses and conveyances for every occa- sion. His many friends see that he has the larger portion of the trade here.
In 1886, Mr. Applegate was married to Rosa Ann Kelly, who was born in Rolla, Mis- souri, and is a daughter of Thomas and Alice (Hayes) Kelly. They have had nine children, the five survivors being: Josephine, James, Austin, George and Edna.
OBERT FISHER MOUNTJOY, a well known farmer of Shawnee town- ship, was born in Anderson County, Kentucky, March 13, 1850, and is a son of Leroy J. and Louisa Ann (Cardwell) Mountjoy.
The Mountjoy family was established in America by the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, who was a native of Ireland and settled in Virginia at an early day. Leroy J. Mountjoy was born after his parents had moved from Virginia to Kentucky, and he died June 10, 1869, aged 65 years. The location of his extensive property entailed much loss to him during the Civil War, and he removed to Logan County, Illinois, and lived there until his death. In addition to being a large farmer, operating 600 acres of land, Mr. Mountjoy
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also owned a grist mill, a sawmill and a dis- tillery, and was considered one of the most substantial men of his section. He did not long survive the close of hostilities. In poli- tical action he was a Democrat, but accepted no office at the hands of his party. For many years he belonged to the Masonic bodies, hav- ing joined the organization at Lawrenceburg, Kentucky, in young manhood. He married Louisa Ann Cardwell, and they had nine chil- dren, those who survived infancy being as follows : Mary and John \V., both deceased ; Elvira, widow of B. W. Johnson, of Versailles, Kentucky; Richard T., of Webb City, Mis- souri; Robert Fisher, and Wiley, of Twin Bridges, Montana. The parents were con- sistent members of the Christian Church.
The subject of this sketch was about 10 years old when rumors of war began to dis- turb what had formerly been a happy, peace- ful section, and before long his family was called upon to bear losses of many kinds. Mr. Mountjoy recalls the raids of Morgan, and many incidents of those stirring times. After his father's death, he accompanied his mother and two brothers to a farm in Vernon County, Missouri, and settled on a place belonging to his brother, John W., located within five miles of Nevada. There the family lived for four years, when the subject of this sketch went to Logan County, Illinois, where he remained from the fall of 1874 until the following spring, and then lived two years in Monroe County, Missouri. The following winter he spent at Pointe Coupee, Louisiana. In May, 1878, he returned to Central Illinois, where he re- mained until the spring of 1881. He next tried ranching- in Montana, where he was engaged for five years. At the end of this period, in the spring of 1886, he again returned to Illinois, and in the following August was married.
After his marriage, Mr. Mountjoy located in Hall County, Nebraska, where he purchased
22
a farm and operated it for seven years. He sold it in the spring of 1893, an<^ came to Shawnee township, Cherokee County. He has been operating a farm in section 24, township 33, range 25, in Shawnee township, owned by his father-in-law, ever since he came to this county. He is a good, practical farmer, com- bining with good judgment the experience gained in other sections. He grows wheat on from 50 to 70 acres, has from 40 to 60 acres in corn, and from 15 to 20 acres in oats and hay.
In August, 1866, Mr. Mountjoy was united in marriage with Ella Susan Martin, who is a daughter of Thomas A. Martin of Shawnee township, Cherokee County, Kansas. Mr. Martin settled on this farm in 1866, and was one of the pioneers in the district. He was a successful cattle raiser, and for many years had the distinction of being the township's heaviest tax payer. Mr. and Mrs. Mountjoy had eight children, of whom the survivors are as follows : Alma, Annie, Lee Noel, Robert F., Jr., and Alice Louise. The family attend the Christian Church.
Mr. Mountjoy has always been a consistent member of the Democratic party, but, with the exception of serving on the School Board in District 44, he has never accepted office. Fra- ternally, he belongs to Crestline Lodge, No. 476, I. O. O. F., and to Lodge No. 165, Ancient Order of United Workmen, at Alda, Nebraska.
HARLES STEPHENS, of Colum- bus, was born at Fort Wayne, In- diana, February 28, 1870; and he was first brought by his parents to Cherokee County, Kansas, when he was two years old. While a boy he lived on a farm, and made brooms that he might support his widowed mother and her younger children.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Later he went into the business of repairing stoves, journeying from house to house. He saved a little money in this way, enough to enable him to take some time for reading law, which he did in the law office of C. D. Ashley, •of Columbus, where he had the best care and direction. This took up the years 1891 and 1892, after which he entered the law depart- ment of Kansas University, from which he was graduated in 1893. While in the University he "bached," did chores, ran errands or any other honorable thing that would enable him to add to his expense funds. By such economy he had saved enough, by the end of the school year, to pay his expenses to the World's Fair, at Chicago, from which he came back to Kan- sas, with his diploma and 85 cents. After stacking wheat in Cherokee County through the summer of 1893, ne opened a law office in Fort Scott, Bourbon County. Having a turn for politics, and seeking the nomination, he was chosen as a candidate for the office of county attorney; but he failed of being elected, being a Democrat in a county which gave a Republi- can majority for the entire ticket. While in Fort Scott, he taught commercial law in the Kansas Normal College, and from that school he received the degree of Bachelor of Oratory. He was also venerable consul of the Modern Woodmen of America, while there.
In 1896, Mr. Stephens returned to Chero- kee County, and was that year elected county attorney. He was reelected to the office in 1898, serving, in all, four years in the office. Of nearly sixty cases which he tried in the District Court, in the latter part of his term of office, there were but two acquittals.
On April 27, 1896, Mr. Stephens was mar- ried to Emma C. Stump, of Manhattan, Kan- sas. They have two daughters; the older six and a half years old, the younger four years old. In 1901, at the close of his term of office ^is county attorney, Mr. Stephens, with his fam-
ily, went to Washington, D. C, where he en- tered the law department of the Columbian University. While there he was chosen by his class to represent it in public debate, which was considered an honor, as there were about 700 students in the law department of that school. At the close of his term in the school, he was given the degree of Master of Laws, after which he returned to Columbus and entered upon the general practice of his profession. He had, while in office, become interested with others in mining operations on a large tract of land 12 miles east of Columbus, and while in Washington he negotiated the sale of 40 acres of the land, at the enormous price of $900 an acre. Since returning to Columbus he has given much of his time to his mining interests, which have brought and are yet bringing him a very remunerative return.
Mr. Stephens, besides attending carefully to his business interests, finds time to devote some attention to subjects of science, and he has evolved a number of theories in geology and in astronomy, as also in electrical science, which, in the opinion of the writer, may be brought into wide discussion when made known
to the public.
— N. T. Allison.
ILLIAM E. SMITH. Among the early settlers of Cherokee County, no one had more varied experiences than the first mail carrier of the northwestern part of the county. In that capacity, William E. Smith, a farmer of this county, acted for some time during the "six- ties." Mr. Smith was born in Keokuk County, Iowa, on the 26th of September, 1852. His present home is on a farm in section 26, town- ship ^2, range 22, in Sheridan township. He is a son of Christopher B. and Sarah J. (Mc- Cann) Smith, natives of Indiana.
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Christopher B. Smith was one of the num- ber who made the dangerous trip to the gold fields of California in the "fifties," and many were the experiences he could have related of the different members of the party as they slowly moved towards the Golden State; of danger threatened or escaped, of sickness and perhaps the death of some of the party ; of the Indians, the mountains and the plains. But he did not survive to return to his family ; for he died in Lower California. Our subject was the only child. The mother married as her second husband, Anderson F. Harreld, of Tennessee. Lee, who lives in Galena, Kansas, is the only child of this union. Mr. Smith's step-father died in Galena in 1903, and the mother, April
5, 1884.
William E. Smith came to Kansas with his mother and step-father in 1866 and settled on a quarter section of wild land in Sheridan township, Cherokee County. The step-father afterwards returned to Missouri in 1896. Mr. Smith remained at home working on the farm until the age of 21. In December, 1874, he was married to Julia Crain, a native of Wash- ington County, Illinois. Her parents were John and Mary (Barclay) Crain, both natives of Tennessee. Mr. Crain was educated for the ministry and served as pastor of many churches. He settled in Labette County, Kan- sas, in 1867. His death occurred here in April, 1885; his widow died three years later, March 29, 1888. The Crain family consisted of 13 children, five of whom are living, as follows : John, a farmer, of Lola township; Sarah, wife of W. H. Lane, of Alto, New Mexico; Henry, a real estate dealer of Carthage, Missouri; Lewis W., a farmer of Labette County, living on the old home place there; and Julia, the wife of our subject.
The children of Mr. and Mrs. Smith are: Bertis L., a former student of the Fort Scott Normal School, who married Lora Watts, and
is now farming the home place; Edith E. (Mrs. John Waugh), of Sheridan township; and Addie T., who resides at home.
After his marriage, our subject rented a farm for two years and then settled on 80 acres of new land in section 26, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. Afterward he ac- quired 40 acres in Lola township, 80 acres in section 22, and another 80-acre tract in sec- tion 35, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. He made all the improvements on these farms and in 1902 built a substantial new farm house. His land produced the usual small grains, oats, corn, wheat, etc. For about five years Mr. Smith dealt especially in cattle; now he deals in cattle, horses and mules along with his farming.
Mr. Smith is a Populist and is a good supporter of his party. In religious matters he is active as a member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church at Hollowell.
In the earlier days when our subject was mail carrier in the county, the nearest railway was at Warrensburg, Missouri. The mail was carried on horseback and Mr. Smith traveled that way to and from Fort Scott. He also, for a time, hauled freight from Kansas City. How- ever, all that is now changed and from the bar- ren prairie have sprung good homes, schools and churches, while the mail for the farmer is delivered at his door.
ARRISON B. SAVAGE, M. D., one of the oldest as well as most emi- nent physicians and surgeons of Galena, was born at Germantown, Mason County, Kentucky, and is a son of Dr. Charles Smith and Elizabeth Savage.
Dr. Charles Smith Savage was born at Germantown, Kentucky, December 8, 1829, and is a son of Rev. James and Sally (Currans) Savage, natives of Virginia, who were pioneers
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
into Kentucky, driving over the mountains in primitive style, and locating at Germantown. There Rev. James Savage found a wide field, for evangelistic work and that he was a true type of the faithful, earnest pioneer Methodist preacher, may be judged by the fact that he was able, during his years of circuit riding, to found three Methodist churches which still flourish and perpetuate his memory. His family con- sisted of five sons and five daughters, all of whom reached maturity. The three survivors of this vigorous family are : Dr. Charles S., now living retired at Galena ; Mrs. Margaret C. Pollock, a widow, residing in Kentucky; and Mrs. Sally Barton, of Howard County, Missouri.
Dr. Charles S. Savage secured his fine lit- erary education at Augusta College, at Au- gusta, Kentucky, where he was graduated in 1848. His medical training was received at the University of Louisville, Kentucky, where he was graduated with the class of 1851, re- ceiving his diploma from Dr. Austin Flint, a distinguished physician and author of medical text-books, clinical reports and valuable medi- cal papers, who 30 years later also signed the diploma of his son, Dr. Harrison B. Savage. On January 1, 1855, Dr. Charles S. Savage opened an office for practice, at Germantown, Kentucky, where he continued until 1900, when he came to Galena, Kansas, and became asso- ciated with his son, under the firm name oi Savage & Savage. After this long practice in healing the ills and injuries of his fellow crea- tures, he has now laid aside these cares, know- ing full well that his mantle has fallen upon shoulders well able to bear its weight.
Kentucky people love their homes and be- lieve in their institutions, and young Dr. Savage acquired the greater part of his literary and medical education in the justly noted University of Kentucky, where he was graduated with the class of 1880, and subsequently took the course
of lectures, during 1881 and 1882, at the Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons. In order to thoroughly prepare himself for the great field before him, Dr. Savage entered Bellevue Hos- pital Medical College, New York, where he was graduated on March 15, 1886. After eight months spent in the city dispensary, he returned to Kentucky. The father welcomed his talented son to partnership, both men being closely at- ached not only by the tie of kindred, but also by that of professional sympathy, and they con- tinued to practice together until 1888. Then the younger physician began to look forther afield and the result was his removal to Glasgow, Missouri, where he built up a practice and con- tinued until 1892.
Dr. Savage was particularly successful at Glasgow in a financial sense, his last year there remunerating him handsomely, but his profes- sional instinct made him anxious to locate where he would find more and different cases to treat ; and this condition he believed to be ex- isting at Galena, where its mixed population offered better chances for scientific study. In 1892 he located at Galena, opening a well- equipped office on the corner of Fourth and Main streets, over the leading drug store of the city, and he has met with the success he so eminently deserves.
In 1902 Dr. Savage was married in Joplin, Missouri, to Florence Lawder, who was born in Lindsay, Canada.
Politically Dr. Savage is a Democrat, but he is not active in public matters, his interests being centered in his professional work and in looking after various mining properties. He belongs to all the leading medical societies in which he is regarded with great considera- tion, particularly in the Cherokee County Medi- cal Society and the Jasper County Medical So- ciety, of Missouri. His fraternal connections include the Elks, A. O. U. W., the Knights of Pythias and the Fraternal Aid organizations.
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LOYD W. BROOKS, a well known farmer of Sheridan township, whose farm lies in section 12, township 31, range 22, was born in Hart County, Kentucky, April 23, 1845. He comes from the old Kentucky family bearing that name, and is a son of Rev. Joshua and Margaret (Harper) Brooks, both natives of Hart County, where they grew to maturity and were married.
Rev. Joshua Brooks was a Baptist preacher and for many years preached in his native county. Hart, besides managing the work of the farm. In 1858, after the death of his wife, which occurred some four years earlier, he re- moved to Jefferson County, Illinois, where he resided 10 years ; after a short time spent in his native State, he again moved to Illinois, lo- cating in Washington County. In 1874, Mr. Brooks, with his family started for Kansas, at that time the Mecca of the West. Locating in Cherokee County, he continued to preach the Cospel, while looking after his farming in- terests, and here he spent the remainder of his life, his death occurring in August, 1891. His life was devoted to work for the Master, whose precepts were his guide in his daily inter- course with others. The purity and kindliness as exemplified in his life, exerted an influence over all he met, and he was loved and revered throughout the county.
Rev. Joshua Brooks' second marriage was to Mahala Gray of LaRue County, Kentucky, who is still living and makes her home with her step-son, Floyd W. Brooks. Rev. Mr. Brooks' family consisted of 1 1 children, all the issue of the first marriage. Floyd W., the subject of this sketch, and his brother James H. are the only two of the children who reside in Cherokee County.
During the school years of Floyd W. Brooks, there were few available opportunities for acquiring an education. From early boy- hood until he was 27 years of age, his life was
spent in the hard work of the farm. In 1864 he enlisted in Company D, 60th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., at Mount Vernon, Illinois. He was in the 14th Army Corps, Army of the Tenn- essee, and went to Chattanooga, Atlanta and Savannah. At Jonesboro, Georgia, he bad his right thumb shot off, and was consequently given an honorable discharge at Louisville, Kentucky, in August, 1865.
After the war, Mr. Brooks returned to Southern Illinois, and in 1869 was married to Lucinda West, a native of Kentucky. To this union were born eight children, as follows: Merritt L., a wagon-maker of Sherman City, Kansas; Lillie Ann, wife of John Smith, of Sheridan township ; and Tanserd, Grace, Mary, Rhoda, Hester and Arthur, who live at home.
In the fall of 1870, Floyd W. Brooks came to Kansas, driving through the country with horses and wagon and completing the journey in five weeks. He located on the farm of 80 acres in Sheridan township, Cherokee County, where he now resides. The land, uncultivated and without buildings of any kind, held little encouragement for the newcomer, but he pro- ceeded at once to erect a log cabin, and make for himself and family a home out of the wilderness. In great contrast to that first view of the new home, stands the improved farm of to-day. whose comfortable farm buildings and well cultivated soil speak of the years of per- severance, energy and hard toil spent to good purpose by the owner. The land produces all of the various grains raised on a Western farm, and in the pasture and barns are found the usual stock, — cattle, horses, sheep and hogs. Besides being a farmer, Mr. Brooks is a car- penter by trade, and has done a great deal of that work in various parts of the county.
He takes a great interest in politics, for many years voting the Republican ticket, but later becoming a Populist. In religious faith he is a Baptist and is a consistent member of
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
the church. A man of strong character, in- heriting many of the traits of his father, he has made for himself an enviable place in the community, his acquaintance extending over the entire county, where he is held in the highest esteem.
ILLIAM PERKINS, a prosperous farmer and representative citizen of Shawnee township, owns a well improved farm in section 7, town- ship 33, range 25. He was born in Daviess County, Indiana, February 9, 1866, and is a son of Elisha and Zerelda (Gates) Perkins.
The Perkins family is of English stock. The great-grandfather, Elisha Perkins, came from England in Colonial days and settled in Virginia, where his son, Elisha Perkins, was born. The latter moved to Ohio, thence to Kentucky, and located in Daviess County, In- diana, in 1815, before the admission of Indiana to statehood.
The third Elisha Perkins, the father of William, was born in Daviess County, Indiana, April 21, 1832, and until his marriage culti- vated the homestead farm. Then he purchased a farm of 80 acres, and by a second purchase added 80 acres more. This farm continued to be his home until 1873, when he sold out and came to Cherokee County, Kansas, settling on a farm located two and a half miles north of Hallowell. He remained on this farm until 1876, and then moved to a point six miles west of Columbus, where he resided until 1882. Then he moved to Columbus, and lived retired until his death, on December 19, 1900.
Early in the Civil War, Mr. Perkins offered his services to his State, as captain of a com- pany of 1 tome ( iuards. Subsequently, when he was convinced that the struggle would be a prolonged one, he enlisted in Company E, 27th Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf. At the battle of A11-
tietam he was seriously wounded in the head, the injury removing a part of his jaw-bone. Mr. Perkins never fully recovered from this wound. Fie was well and widely known, and was so noted for his generous hospitality that his home became "Hoosier's Headquarters," a name given it by those wdio found a welcome to his table, which sometimes accommodated as many as 30 passing guests, who received "God speed" as they went their several ways. For nine years he wfas weighmaster at Colum- bus, and was probably as successful as any far- mer in his day in Cherokee County. Prior to the attack on Fort Sumter. Mr. Perkins was a Democrat in his political convictions, but that act made him the stanchest of stanch Republi- cans until the time of his decease. He was a man of intelligence, enterprise and public spirit, and the interest he took in educational matters was shown by his 10 consecutive years of serv- ice on the School Board. Fraternally, he was a Mason.
Elisha Perkins married Zerelda Gates, a daughter of James Gates, of Clark County, In- diana. They had a family of 14 children, the 10 members who grew to maturity being as follows : Orlena, deceased, who was the wife of J. H. Kline; Hattie, wife of J. H. Perkins, of Columbus ; Mark, of Pittsburg, Kansas ; Ellen, manager of the Columbus House, at Columbus; Rachel, wife of W. B. Henderson, of Columbus ; Mary, widow of Oliver Waters, of Columbus; William; Minnie, of Columbus; Louisa, wife of David Truxal, of Joplin, Mis- souri ; and Sally, of Columbus. The family were reared in the Christian Church.
The subject of this sketch attended the schools of Columbus, and afterwards, the State Normal School. At the age of 16 years he entered upon railroad work, becoming agent for the "Frisco" system at Crestline. He was employed in this connection from October 3, 1893, until February 26, 1900, when he re-
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signed in order to engage in fanning. His 40 acres of good land in Shawnee township are devoted mainly to truck fanning, a ready mar- ket being found at Columbus. He has been continuously engaged here, with the exception of the interval between July 1, 1901, and Feb- ruary 7, 1903, when he was again in the em- ploy of the "Frisco" system, at Pittsburg, Kansas.
On August 20, 1890, Mr. Perkins was mar- ried to Minnie A. Varnum, who is a daughter of Albert Varnum, of Crestline, and they have had three children: William, deceased; Elisha Lee and Darrell. The family belong to the Christian Church.
Politically, Mr. Perkins is a Republican, but is not an office seeker. His fraternal asso- ciations include the Modern Woodmen of America, at Crestline, and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at the same place, and in this organization he has passed all the chairs, and has served as a delegate to the Grand Lodge. Mr. Perkins is a man with many friends, for he possesses those sterling qualities which command respect and win esteem.
ONATHAN BRADLEY MERE- DITH, one of the prominent citizens of Shawnee township, who has been identified with the mining interests of this section for the past seven years, and who is one of the owners, as well as the super- intendent, of the Badger Mining & Milling Company, was born at Paris, Wisconsin, Feb- ruary 2, 1854. He is a son of Evan and Janette Ann (Bradley) Meredith.
The Meredith family is of Welsh extrac- tion. Rev. Evan Meredith was born on the family estate in Wales, was educated in his na- tive land, and before coming to America, at the age of 27 years, was an ordained minister
of the Baptist Church. He located in Kenosha County, Wisconsin, where he took up land and was one of the pioneer ministers of his de- nomination. In Wisconsin he married Janette Ann Bradley, who was a descendant of one of the early settlers of Madison County, New York. They had two sons, viz : Evan B. and Jonathan B. The former, Rev. Evan B. Mere- dith, D. D., is a graduate of the Beaver Dam university, and of the Theological School of the University of Chicago. After ordination,. he took charge of the First Baptist Church of Sioux Falls, South Dakota, and subsequently became president of the Sioux Falls University,. a position he filled for 10 years. In 1894, he became State missionary for Kansas, locating first at Topeka, but removing later to Kansas City, Kansas. He also is largely interested in the Badger mines of Shawnee township.
Jonathan B. Meredith had the advantages accruing from gentle birth, and a refined home atmosphere. His early education was pursued under his father's watchful eye, and was com- pleted at Wayland University, at Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, an institution of note at that time. He became a teacher, and for a number of years followed that profession in Wisconsin. The years 1878 and 1879 were passed in Cali- fornia, where he was interested in the placer gold mines in the Dutch Flat district. In 1888, Mr. Meredith located at Sioux Falls, South Dakota, where he was engaged in the real estate business for about six years, and then resumed his educational work. He accepted the chair of history, science and mathematics, in the Sioux Falls University, which he re- tained until 1898, when he retired from pro- fessional life, and removed to Kansas City.
In the following year Mr. Meredith came to Shawnee township, Cherokee County, and took charge of the Badger mines. These mines have been operated for the past seven years, and are considered by experts the best in this
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
mining district. When Mr. Meredith and his associates organized the Badger Mining & Mill- ing Company, no mining had been done within four miles of their point of operation, and that the second drill hole struck a vein which, it is computed, will not be exhausted for half a century, speaks well for the judgment of those -who invested in this property. The Badger Mining & Milling Company have a lease on more than 1,000 acres of land, including five farms, all situated in Shawnee township. The Badger and Red Rose mines have, each, a capacity of about 150 tons a day, per shift. The latter mine is operated by another com- pany, under the Badger Mining & Milling Com- pany's lease. The former company is work- ing on a 155-foot level, and running a pair of 10-inch Cross Neosho pumps, capable of pump- ing 1,200 gallons per minute.
Mr. Meredith is one of the few men who have attained success in several channels widely apart, proving very conclusively the value of trained faculties and a control of the intellect- ual powers, whether these be brought into play in professional or industrial life. When Mr. Meredith came to manage his large in- terests in Shawnee township, he was fully equipped to direct the work of others, and the progress made here has shown him to be the possessor, not only of business ability, but of a degree of tact and judgment which have brought about the most cordial feelings be- tween himself and his many subordinates.
In 1890 Mr. Meredith was married to Harriet H. Halteman, who is a daughter of Rev. D. E. Halteman, D. D., of Delavan, Wis- consin. The late Dr. Halteman was born at Germantown, Pennsylvania, and was four years old when taken to Ohio, by his parents. He took his academical degrees at Granville, Ohio, and received his theological training at the theological seminary at Rochester, Xew York. At t' e time el his decease, in December, 1895,
he was ably filling the position of general missionary of the Baptist Church, for the State of Wisconsin. Mrs. Meredith is a lady of many accomplishments, and formerly was a teacher of mathematics, German, and vocal music. Mr. and Mrs. Meredith have two chil- dren, viz : Wayland H. and Gertrude Mary. Their beautiful home is one of great hospitality, one which abounds in the refining influences of life, where simple, unaffected manners make social intercourse a matter of enjoyment.
Mr. Meredith has been strenuous in his ef- forts to keep liquor and undesirable characters out of the company's mining camps, with the result that he has in his employ an unusually intelligent and law abiding class of men, who will compare favorably with those engaged in any other mechanical pursuit.
NDREW HERMAN, a prominent agriculturist and pioneer citizen of Cherokee County, is pleasantly lo- cated on a fine farm of 230 acres in section 21, township 31, range 25, in Pleasant View township, where he has resided for the past 35 years. He was born in Germany in 1825, and is a son of George and Katherine ( Schletere) Herman.
George and Katherine ( Schletere) Herman were natives of Germany where they spent their lives, the father dying at the age of 65 years, and the mother, aged 70 years. George Her- man was a hand weaver by trade, and carried on that business long before machinery came into general use.
During the Revolution of 1849, so-called, Andrew Herman was a soldier in the Hun- garian Army. The year following he embarked for America with his brothers and sisters (eight in all ) , he being the eldest of the family. They settled in Tennessee, where Andrew was en-
WILLIAM HOFFMIRE
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415
gaged in farming for a few years, and where several of die family contracted the yellow fever, from which they died. Mr. Herman is the only surviving member of the group. Dur- ing the troubles leading up to the Civil War he was a sympathizer with the South, and it was about this time that he thought to better his fortune by going to Arkansas, but, after a year's residence in that State, he found it was not the location he desired, and in 1857 he moved to Kansas. Soon afterward he went to Kansas City, where he carried on market gardening for six years, meeting with such suc- cess that had he kept the property until the present time, he would now be a multi-million- aire. As he did not then realize this fact, he disposed of it in 1863, and engaged in farm- ing in Andrew County, Missouri, near St. Joseph. He remained there until 1869, when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and set- tled on his present farm of 230 acres in Pleasant View township. At that time there were no roads laid out, and but four or five white men had the hardihood to settle, with their families, in the township. The prop- erty owned by Mr. Herman still consists of a large acreage of timber-land, but the portion under cultivation has yielded him abundant re- turns for the labor bestowed upon it.
In 1853, Andrew Herman was united in marriage to Elizabeth Vincent, a native of Germany. Six children have been born to them, namely : Minnie, wife of William C. Stirele, of Memphis, Tennessee, who has three chil- dren,— Sophia, Charles, and Willie; Ella, wife of E. P. Douthitt, of Oklahoma, who has five children, — Cecil, Herman, Minnie and Bertha (twins) and John; Andrew; Louise, wife of J. B. Houk, of Pleasant View township, who has one child, — Howard ; Amanda, wife of James Ross, of the same township, who has five children, — Isaac, Lizzie, Fern, Mildred and an infant; and Edward, also of Pleasant
View township, who married Rosa Bird, and has four children, — David, Lawrence, Alfred and Andrew. Mrs. Herman died in August, 1903.
Mr. Herman has been quite successful in business, and besides has won the esteem and friendship of all his acquaintances, — a circle that is growing larger year by year. He is a Democrat in politics, and has served as school director and township trustee for several years; he has also been a most efficient justice of the peace.
ILLIAM HOFFMIRE, of Colum- bus, sales agent for the Laflin- Rand Powder Company, is a popu- lar and well known citizen of Cher- okee County, which has been his home since 1888. He was born in New York City April 13, 1828, of English, Scotch and Dutch an- cestry. The family is an old one in New York. His great-grandfather took part in the War of the Revolution, and his father served in the War of 1 81 2, entering the army at the age of 16 years. His kindred on the maternal side still reside at Middletown, New Jersey. His great-grandfather, Edward B. McCullum, was a prisoner for nearly a year while the British held New York. His wife, Hannah Jones, who was of Welsh descent, lived to be 1 1 1 years old, lacking 1 5 days. All of her nine children lived to be upwards of 90 years old, except one, who died at the age of 89 years. All four of the great-grandfathers of William Hoffmire served in the Revolutionary War. They were, — Col. William Hoffmire, Col. Moses Dusenbury, Maj. W. B. Eagles, and private Edward B. McCullum.
Mr. Hoffmire was reared in the city of New York and lived there until he was 21 years of age. In 1849 he joined the great exodus to California, where he was engaged in mining
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
and also worked at his trade of coppersmith, a craft he had learned from his uncle. He put up the first whiskey still on the American River, in California, and introduced there many East- ern ideas. Altogether, he spent about 16 years in that State, interrupted by three visits to New York. He made the trip around the "Horn," and visited the Sandwich Islands, with little thought at that time that they would ever become a part of his native land. For the past 17 years, he has been in the employ of the Laflin-Rand Powder Company, acting as su- perintendent during the erection of the plant in 1888-89, an<J now occupying the position of sales agent.
This plant, which is situated four miles north of Columbus, is the only one of its kind in this part of the country. It was commenced in 1888, and completed in the following year. The works cover about 550 acres and cost, ap- proximately, $250,000. They turn out blast- ing powder, and their capacity is about 1,500 25-pound kegs per day; 75 men are employed. The product finds its main demand in the imme- diate vicinity. The plant is operated now as the Walter G. Clark Company, its manager being Walter G. Clark, who has his headquar- ters at Kansas City, Missouri.
The powder produced by this establishment is the best that can be manufactured, and at a recent exhibition of powder the article manu- factured here was awarded the first premium, — a valuable testimonial to this Kansas product. The mine operators in this locality prefer this powder to any other, and under the new secret patent process the plant is able to compete with the world in the manufacture of blasting pow- der. Not only is it cheaper, but it is accredited with better results. Naturally a special effort is made to please the miners, and no more ad- mirably adapted agent to exploit its merits could have been found than Mr. Hoffmire, who is an agreeable gentleman under all circum-
stances. Much of the great success of these works must be attributed to his efficient man- agement, and his knowledge of how to deal with men and affairs.
In 1855, Mr. Hoffmire married, in New York, Mary A. Long, a native of London, Eng- land, who died in 1874, leaving four children, there of whom were born in California. One daughter, Florence E., formerly a resident of Cherokee County, died in 1902 in New York. The others are, — Mary A., who is the wife of P. L. Langworthy; Jennie Irene, who is the wife of Hubert G. Taylor; and William L., who is an official of the Hamilton Trust Com- pany, of Brooklyn, New York. P. L. Lang- worthy is president of the Deep Vein Coal Company, with headquarters at Weir City, Kansas. Mr. Hoffmire's other son-in-law, Hubert G. Taylor, is president of the Kings county (New York) Savings Institution, and also, of the Taylor & Fox Realty Company, of New York ; he was formerly treasurer of Kings County, and at one time a member of the New York Legislature.
Mr. Hoffmire's second marriage, July 9, 1877, was to Oella P. Langworthy, who was one of the first white children born at Dubuque, Iowa, and a daughter of Dr. Stephen Lang- worthy, who located at Dubuque in 1834, a few years after his sons settled there. For a time. Dr. Langworthy occupied a position in the gov- ernment Land Office, during the administra- tion of President Van Buren. Dr. Langworthy was twice married and by his first marriage had four sons, — James L., Lucius, Edward and Solon. James L. and Lucius moved to Du- buque, Iowa, in 1828, when it was but an In- dian trading post, and it was Lucius Lang- worthy who gave the name "Iowa" to the Ter- ritory. James L. Langworthy was a captain in the Black Hawk War. The Langworthys owned much real estate in and about Dubuque, and were engaged in extensive mining opera-
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tions, and later in banking in Dubuque. Dr. Langworthy served in the War of 181 2.
Dr. Langworthy 's second wife, who was the mother of Mrs. Hoffmire, was the second white woman to cross the Mississippi at Du- buque,— the crossing being effected in a row- boat. Mrs. Hoffmire had three brothers, — Stephen C, William A. and Cyrus. The first two went to Nebraska in 1876, and located, re- spectively, at Seward and Osceola, where they engaged in banking. Cyrus followed his broth- ers in 1877, and established a bank at York, Nebraska, and all became successful business men. All died within three days, in March, 1904.
Mr. Hoffmire has been a lifelong Democrat, belonging to a family noted for their Jefferso- nian principles. His great-uncle, Daniel D. Tompkins, was a noted politician of New York for many years. Fraternally, Mr. Hoffmire is a Mason. His portrait accompanies this sketch.
ILLIAM C. PENDER, a pioneer settler, prominent citizen and suc- cessful farmer of Lola township, who owns a farm of 320 acres in section 2, township 33, range 22, and section 35, township ^2, range 22, was born at Ottawa, Canada, November 28, 1827, and is a son of Thomas and Isabel (Cavanah) Pender.
Thomas Pender was born in Ireland. He migrated to Canada at the age of 20 years, and located at what is now the city of Ottawa, where he followed the trade of stone-mason. In 1830 he removed to Watertown, New York, where he resided some years. His death was occasioned by robbers, at Detroit, who stole his money, took his life and endeavored to con- ceal their crime by burying his body in the De- troit River. His wife was Isabel Cavanah. who was born in Liverpool, England, and ac- companied her parents to Canada when 12
years old. She survived until the year 1900, lacking but 10 years of rounding out a century. The children of this family were: William C, the only survivor; Mrs. Catherine Wandless; James; Thomas; Mrs. Mary Webster, of Los Angeles, California; and Mrs. Margaret Hills.
William C. Pender was three years old when his parents moved to New York, and he lived in and near Watertown until he was 16 years of age. He then started out to make his own way in the world, crossing Lake Erie to Buffalo and Detroit, and spent 20 years at Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti, Michigan. He worked 12 years at blacksmithing, and then went into railroad work on the Michigan Central Rail- road between Detroit and Chicago, being for two years a baggageman, and for eight years a passenger conductor. Mr. Pender then decided to try farming and bought 220 acres in Musca- tine County, Iowa. He hired two assistants, who probably understood no more about the science of farming than he did, and this ven- ture proved unsuccessful. Before again enter- ing into agriculture, Mr. Pender made it a subject of study, which resulted in an entire change of view, and when he located on his present farm in Cherokee County, in 1866, he knew something about soils, crop rotation, fer- tilizing and drainage, — enough to enable him to cope very successfully with the hard condi- tions which presented themselves to Kansas pioneers.
Mr. Pender received a "treaty right" for the tract of 320 acres that comprises his pres- ent farm, half being located in Lola township and half in Sheridan township. As the land had not then been surveyed by the government, he did little improving for three years, but then took more interest, and broke the prairie farm with his ox-teams, which he had brought from Iowa. Quite a little settlement was started at this point, as several neighbors had accompanied him, having 1 1 teams in all. It
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
took six weeks for the parly to make the jour- ney, and many grew homesick for the culti- vated farms and civilized surroundings they had left behind, but none turned back. Mr. Pender built his first cabin of logs, 16 by 16 feet, in dimensions, which, as his family in- creased, was replaced by another still larger, and again, by another; but the first cabin was the family home for 12 years.
With rural free delivery of mail almost at his door, it seems a long way back when he had to travel 60 miles to Fort Scott, to reach a post office and obtain the letters so inexpressibly welcome, and the newspapers which told of the doings of the country then recuperating from the effects of the Civil War. When Mr. Pen- der or his neighbors had a load of corn to sell, they consumed 10 days in taking it 25 miles to Joplin and returning home. All food stuffs were very high during those days, and, al- though Mr. Pender came to Kansas with a cap- ital of $5,000, after living expenses were paid and his land entered, he had little left until his farm became remunerative. As soon as possi- ble he started to make a fine orchard, and set out 600 apple trees, which, in 30 years, have abundantly yielded the fine fruit for which Kansas is noted. In addition to its fertility, Mr. Pender's farm has developed a mineral value, a two-foot vein of coal having been discovered.
Mr. Pender was married first, in 1848, to Mary Felt, who was born in Michigan and died in Iowa, aged 31 years. She was survived by three sons, namely : Frederick, who died at the age of 22 years, in Texas ; Frank, who died in Cherokee County, aged 20 years ; and Nor- ris, a resident of Omaha, Nebraska, who has been a railroad man for 20 years. Mr. Pen- der's second marriage was to Lida Craig, who was born in Ohio, and still survives. She is the mother of the following six children : William S.. a minister of the Church of the Latter Dav
Saints, of Malad City, Idaho; Olney, a resi- dent of Cherokee County, Mrs. Mary Berg- man, of Cherokee; Mrs. Nettie Johnson, of Scammon ; and James and Mabel, who are at home.
In political action, Mr. Pender has always zealously supported the Republican party. From the first organization of township and county affairs, he has taken a leading part. He was one of the first county commissioners, when that body was elected by the people. He served three years and was largely instrumental in obtaining the success of the movement which changed the county seat from Pleasant View to Baxter Springs, whence the change was later made to Columbus by popular vote. The county business was disposed of by the commis- sioners, during the first year, in about 12 days.
In his early years in this locality. Mr. Pen- der was active in fraternal life, being both a Mason and Odd Fellow. He assisted in the establishing of a Commandery of Knights Tem- plar at Fort Scott, and was prominent in the affairs of both orders. Mr. Pender is very well known and is probably as well informed concerning the early days of Cherokee County as any other resident.
•»»»
LIVER WALKER SPARKS, one of the prominent and substantial citi- zens of Columbus, a large mine oper- ator at Peacock City, formerly a member of the city council of Galena, and sher- iff of Cherokee County for five years, was born August 5, 1862, at Shelbina. Shelby County. Missouri, and is a son of Samuel and Lydia (Lewis) Sparks.
The Sparks family originated in England, whence came Robert Sparks, the great-grand- father of the subject of this sketch. He set- tled in Virginia, but removed to Kentucky at
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a very early day. There on March 30, 1808, was born his son, Henry J. Sparks, who died in 1888, in Missouri, to which State he had moved in 1839. He bought 320 acres of land for $4.50 an acre, and was an extensive grower of tobacco and stock. He married Nancy Thrailkell, daughter of John Thrailkell ; she was born in 1804 and died in 1854. Samuel Sparks was the third child of this marriage. He was born in Henry County, Kentucky, about 40 miles from Louisville, July 2, 1835, and in boyhood accompanied his father to Mon- roe County, Missouri. He served in the Con- federate Army during the Civil War, from the fall of 1 86 1 to the fall of 1863, as a member of Company A, 8th Missouri Regiment.
Samuel Sparks first married when he was about 21 years of age. He bought a farm near that of his father, and farmed in Cedar County for some years. He moved to Joplin, Missouri, about 1870, and became somewhat interested in mining. In 1878 he went to Leadville, Colorado, where he was engaged for three years in prospecting and making charcoal. In 1881 he came to Galena, Kansas, and for some time was very successful in his mining opera- tions, but an ailment of his eyes rendered it impossible for him to continue in such exhaust- ing work. The trouble increased and from 1888 until 1893 he was almost totally blind, losing the sight of one eye as a result of neu- ralgia. To his great relief, his sight seemed to be restored until the winter of 1902, since which time he has again been afflicted. He has al- ways been a man of physical activity, and this affliction has been hard to bear. Politically, a stalwart Democrat, he has never consented to accept office.
Samuel Sparks' first wife was Lydia Lewis, whom he married in 1856. She was a daugh- ter of Jesse Lewis, of Monroe County, Miss- ouri. She died in 1862, aged 22 years, leav- ing four children, of whom the two survivors
are Oliver Walker and Mary E., wife of Allen Thompson, of Cripple Creek, Colorado. Tiie second marriage was to Mary C. Adams, who was a daughter of James Adams. She died in 1878, leaving three children, of whom the two survivors are, — Lulie V., wife of Lafayette Roe, of Galena; and Edmund L., of Shawnee township. Both wives were members of the Baptist Church. In 1883, Samuel Sparks was married to Mrs. Mary Ann (Home) Stanley, who died in 1890. In 1892, he was married to the lady who is his present helpmeet, Mrs. Mary M. Stoops, a daughter of Samuel \V. Robinson, of Joplin, Missouri.
The subject of this sketch was eight years old when his parents moved to Joplin, and he has been interested in mining ever since he reached the age of 11 years. Shortly after the family located at Galena, he went to mining in what is known as the Sawyer mines, and was the first man to find mineral on the old Scher- merhorn place. These mines have made Galena. For about seven years Mr. Sparks had a lease here, and at the same time was associated with W. Sapp and H. Blackford when mineral was found on "The Lost 40." In the following year they found ore at the "Shelbina," which they worked several years and then sold. With John Murdock, Mr. Sparks owned the famous "Maggie Murphy," and has also owned the noted "Cock Robin" mine. With E. B. Scher- merhorn and J. C. Moore, he owned the "Bunco" mines, and with his brother, Edward, the "Bessie Lee." Later with Wesley Best and J. Tutton, he was part owner of the "Miller" and "Gin Hollow" mills and mines, these be- ing considered the best mills in the country. He was also associated with L. H. Winter in the ownership of the "Hot Spot" mine, and a fine mill connected with it. In 1891, Mr. Sparks sunk three shafts in the S. H. & S. Case, which are the best in which he has ever been interested. In June, 1902, the
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Sparks, Henderson & Sweaney Company was incorporated, with Mr. Sparks as general man- ager, and he is the main stockholder. This company controls a large territory. In ad- dition to his large mining interests, Mr. Sparks is proprietor of a large retail furniture store in Columbus, the oldest and largest concern of the kind in that city.
Mr. Sparks has long been one of the lead- ing Democratic politicians of the county, and holds the unusual record of being twice elected sheriff, in one year, as he was serving in that capacity at the time the act was passed chang- ing elections to even years. While living at Galena he served four years in the city council. On December 15, 1897, he took up his residence at Columbus, and in the same year was elected sheriff, assumed the duties in the following January, and served five years.
Mr. Sparks was first married to Ida May Keller, who was a daughter of Wesley and Lydia (Decamp) Keller. Four children were born to them, the three survivors being, — Dottie, Una and Warren. On June 26, 1903, Mr. Sparks was married to Brosie Newton, who is a daughter of Wallace Newton, of Columbus, and they have one son, — Oliver Wallace.
Fraternally, the subject of this sketch is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Elks, at Galena; the Odd Fellows, at Empire City, in which he has passed all the chairs ; the Rebekahs; the Modern Woodmen of America, at Galena; and the Royal Neighbors.
ILAS JOHNESSEE, a well known farmer of Sheridan township, was torn in Washington County, North Carolina, August 11, 1834. In 1839 his parents removed to Greene County, Illinois, remained there two years, then went to Calhoun G unty, Illinois, where they spent the rest of
their lives, both dying in the above named county. The family consisted of four children. These children had little chance to acquire even a common-school education, so our subject grew to manhood with only a scant knowledge of books. In 1863 he went to Montgomery County, Illinois, where he remained for six years and then turned towards the West to find a new home. In 1869 he settled on the farm in Sheridan township where he now lives. This farm comprises 160 acres in sections 26 and 35, township 32, range 22. As one of the first settlers, he had the experience of breaking but a small portion of prairie at a time and slowly but surely adding improvenments when time and money allowed, until out of the prairie a good home and farm slowly rose as a monu- ment to his perseverance and industry.
Our subject has been twice married. His first marriage, occurring in Illinois, was to Mary T. Thorp, a native of Calhoun County, Illinois. Her death occurred in 1879. His sec- ond marriage, occurring in 1880, was to Mrs. Martha (Heep) Scheider, a daughter of John Heep of Jackson County, Illinois. Mrs. John- essee's first husband was Christian Scheider, by whom she had one daughter, — Dora, wife of T. B. Lovelady, of Sheridan township. There were seven children born to the first union of Mr. Johnessee, of whom three are living, as fol- lows : Mary Ann, wife of Chester Handshy, of Columbus, Kansas; and Sylvester and Frank, who are farming on the home place.
Mr. Johnessee has always been a farmer and a good one, as his present farm testifies. The extent of his present holdings insure a good income from rentals, and he finds it quite profitable for he has rented out the land for the past three years. Left an orphan at the age of nine years, our subject has had his own way to make in the world, and he may be called in the best sense of the phrase a "self-made man."
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He is an independent voter and always strives to cast his vote for the best man. He has several times held office and at one time was United States marshal and detective. During the Civil War our subject was a member of the Illinois State Militia. He is a familiar figure in the county and surely deserves the esteem which is bestowed upon him by his hosts of friends.
SCAR A. RHOADS, known in Cherokee born in Chenango York, June 18, 1863.
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He lives on a
well cultivated farm of 80 acres in Spring Val- ley township on the Rural Free Delivery Route No. 2.
His father, Albert Rhoads, was a native of New York, where he grew to manhood, re- ceiving his education in the country schools of his native State. After reaching man's estate, he became interested in farm management and dairying, continuing this occupation until De- cember, 1876, at which time he came to Cher- okee County, Kansas, and located on a farm in Spring Valley township. This farm he rented for seven years, at the end of which period, having by hard labor and perseverance, ac- cumulated considerable currency, he purchased the property. He remained on the place, en- gaged in farming and stock-raising, until his death, which occurred May 5, 1901, when he was run over by a St. Louis & San Francisco train and instantly killed.
Albert Rhoads' wife Nancy was a daughter of Thomas and Margaret Sisson ; her father was a farmer and came originally from New York State. Their family consisted of four children, namely: Alice F., wife of C. A. Nicholson, a farmer of Spring Valley town- ship; Oscar A., subject of this review; Elbert and Edna (twins), both deceased, — the former
at the age of 16 and the latter, who was the wife of Joseph H. Thompson, of Lyon town- ship, in 1900. Mrs. Albert Rhoads, the mother of these children, is still living in Spring Val- ley township.
Oscar A. Rhoads lived in his native State of New York until the age of 13, there receiving the rudiments of the education which he com- pleted later in the schools of Kansas. Having finished school in Cherokee County at the age of 19 years, he assisted his father in the care of the farm until he attained his majority. In January, 1884, at the age of 21, he married Georgia A. Kinnaman, daughter of Henry and Ruth Kinnaman of Spring Valley township. To this union were born four children, as fol- lows: Lena B., Fred H., Nellie L. and Floyd.
After his marriage, he began farming for himself on the farm adjoining where he now resides. At the end of a year he moved to the farm just west, and later spent three years on a farm near Sherwin Junction. After work- ing a farm near Columbus for one year and the home place for another, he concluded to buy a home for himself, and returning to his present farm purchased it and became engaged in farming and stock-raising, and has since continued in this occupation. The farm on which he resides comprises 80 acres of highly cultivated land, which produces the usual small grains, and on which are raised many head of stock. But Mr. Rhoads, not being satisfied with small farming, has branched out more extensively, until he now operates some 300 acres of rented land. His operations have proved most successful, and he is numbered among the well-to-do farmers of his section.
Of secret societies, our subject is a member of one that was founded in an early day, the A. H. T. A., of which he is a prominent and popular member. In 1903 he was sent as a delegate to the association's State meeting at Winfield, Kansas. In politics Mr. Rhoads has
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
always been a Republican, and always stands for the principles of his party, taking- an interest in everything pertaining to the welfare of the State or county.
ILLIAM BOYER, a highly re- spected citizen and successful far- mer of Ross township, is the owner of a finely improved farm of 160 acres in section 31, township 31, range 23. He was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, March 8, 1838, and is a son of Abraham and Catherine Boyer.
Abraham Boyer and his wife were born in Pennsylvania and went to Ohio shortly after their marriage. The mother died in 1848, aged 35 years, but the father survived until he reached the advanced age of 96 years. His sec- ond marrige was to Mary Norman, who was born and died in Ohio. Eight children were born to the first marriage, and six to the second. Aside from two who died in infancy, their names were as follows : Catherine, Julia Ann, Lavina, Rebecca, William, Levi, Alexander, John Henry, James, David, Samuel and Nancy. Lavina died at the home of her brother Wil- liam. The father was a farmer throughout his active life. He was a member of the Luth- eran Church. His interest in politics was only that the best man should be elected, irrespective of party.
When Mr. Boyer was a boy, many parts of Guernsey County were but sparsely settled, and the log school houses were far apart. He at- tended the school which was nearest his father's farm, which was two miles distant, but only dur- ing the three winter months when agricultural work was not pressing. The family was large, and when William had reached the age of 16 years, he decided to start out for himself, know- ing that his practical knowledge of farming would easily secure him employment. He
made his way to Mercer County, Illinois, and worked at farming in different sections for about 10 years. The opening of the Civil War aroused his patriotism and he entered the army, enlisting in Company E, 9th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., as a private, and serving until he received his honorable discharge at Springfield, Illinois, in July, 1865. He took part in many great battles, including Forts Henry and Donelson, Pittsburg Landing and Corinth, and then marched with Sherman to the sea. His com- mand then moved to Richmond and took part in the Grand Review at Washington, — that spectacle no one can ever forget. Even those who were children at the time recall the thriil which came over them as they saw regiment after regiment of battle-scarred veterans pass by with thier tattered flags. Mr. Boyer's war record is one in which he may take a justifiable pride.
After his return from the army, Mr. Boyer spent a short time in Mercer County, and in 1866 came to Kansas with his bride, having been married in September of that year to Sarah Calhoun, who was born in Mercer Coun- ty, and is a daughter of David Calhoun. They have one daughter, Maggie, who is the wife of James Boots, a farmer of Sheridan township, and has two children, — Lewis and Emma. The party traveling to Kansas consisted of Mr. Boyer and his wife and her father and his family. They drove across the country and set- tled together in Crawford County, where Mr. Boyer lived for eight years. In 1874 he came to Cherokee County, and bought 160 acres of wild land, of the railroad company. This he has since developed into his present valuable farm. He has been a hard worker, but has met with most satisfactory results. His land pro- duces wheat, oats and corn abundantly, and he gives much attention to raising draft horses, Durham cattle and high-grade hogs. For some time he has had his property under rental.
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Politically, Mr. Boyer is a Democrat, but he has never consented to hold any office. He is one of the well known citizens of his town- ship who has been successful through his own energy and industry.
ILLIAM BAKER, whose residence in Cherokee County dates from 1867, has lived almost continuously on the same farm, the east half of the southeast quarter of section 10, township 33, range 24, in Crawford town- ship. Mr. Baker was born in Cayuga County, New York, in 1837, and is a son of Horace and Lucretia (Buck) Baker. His parents later moved to Chautauqua County, New York, where they engaged in farming. The mother died many years since and the father in 1892. Of their nine children, the subject of this sketch was the eighth, and is the only one who ever came to Kansas.
In March, 1857, Mr. Baker left home for Warren County, Illinois, and was at work there when the call came for troops, in 1861, to sup- press the Rebellion. He was one of the first to respond, enlisting in April, 1861, in the 1st Regiment, Illinois Vol. Cav., and was taken prisoner at Lexington, Missouri. He was dis- charged from Benton Barracks, St. Louis. in October, 1861. He re-enlisted in Novem- ber, 1861, in Company K, 11th Reg.. Illinois Vol. Cav., for three years or during the war. He veteranized in 1864 and fulfilled his promises to the letter until Octo- ber, 1865. when he was discharged with the other gallant veterans, to whom the country they so bravely served owes a debt of gratitude. Although he narrowly missed death, having a horse killed from under him, he was sound and whole when he received his honorable dis- charge papers at Springfield, Illinois. Three of 23
his brothers also served in this war. Mr. Baker held the rank of orderly sergeant.
The subject of this sketch then went to McDonough County, Illinois, where he soon married. With his wife, he came to Cherokee County as one of the first settlers. He took up in Crawford township the southeast quarter of section 10, township 33, range 24, a portion of which he has since sold. To the improving of his land and its careful cultivation, Mr. Baker has devoted the best years of his life, and he has been well repaid. All the fine improvements have been the result of his labor, and the beauti- ful trees which throw their grateful shade have arisen in all their symmetry from seed planted by his own hands. Gratifying indeed must be his feelings as he realizes how much he has accomplished. When he first located here, Petersville was his first postoffice, and Baxter Springs was the nearest town.
Mr. Baker was married in McDonough County, Illinois, to Eliza Ward, who was born in 1835, in Fulton County. New York, not very far from Albany, and is a daughter of Henry and Mary (Sheldon) Ward. She afterwards went to Illinois, and was married to Mr. Baker in 1865. They have had three children, namely : William, who died in Cherokee County, when 14 months old ; Cornelia Carrie, who married James Gaither, of Crawford township, and has one son, William ; and Ida May, who married Edward Jones, of Pine Bluff, Arkansas, and has three children. — Leota, Freda and Ernest.
In politics Mr. Baker is a Republican. He served for many years as justice of peace, and Iris held many township offices. Fraternally, he is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, at Columbus, and belongs also to the Grand Army of the Republic post here, in which he has passed all the chairs except that of past commander. 1 le and his wife are valued mem- bers of the Bethany Methodist Episc Church, to which he has contributed liberally
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
and of which he has been steward and trustee f >r several years. Mr. Baker is a man who has ninny friends. He has had many and varied experiences in his long and useful life, and well deserves the ease, comfort and pleasant com- panionship he now enjoys. Portraits of Mr. and Airs. Baker accompany this sketch.
ARVY WIMMER. A leading spirit among the agriculturists of Cherokee County, although now partially re- tired from active service in that line, is Harvy Wimmer, whose residence has been near Columbus, in section 19, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township, since January, 1900, and who owns a splendid farm of 313 acres lying in sections 28, 29 and 32, town- ship 2,7,, range 24, where he resided for 19 years. Mr. Wimmer is a Hoosier by birth; he was born in November, 1847, near Converse, Indiana, where he continued to live until the fall of 1877.
In that year Mr. Wimmer made a change of residence by coming to the "Sunflower State," where he has since been part and parcel of its marvelous progress. He first located on an 80-acre tract near Baxter Springs, but in January, 1881, he secured the farm noted above. I fader his intelligent direction, this land has long been one of the best properties in the county. Prosperity has attended the labors of' Mr. Wimmer, so that he is now regarded as one of the solid men of the county.
Mr. Wimmer is a son of James and Mary (Wilson) Wimmer. The father now resides with a son in Howard County, Indiana, having reached the advanced age of 86 years. He was born May 12, 1818, in Virginia, but removed with the family, at the age of four years, to Union County, Indiana. There he continued to reside until his marriage, when he settled in
Miami County, that State, on a part of what was then called the "Western Reserve." He followed the trade of a carpenter until he reached middle age, after which he tilled the soil. His wife was a native of Union County, Indiana, her parents having been pioneers in the State from New Jersey. She died in Miami County in 1890, at the age of 66 years. Mr. Wimmer is of German descent on both sides of the family, and is the eldest of 1 1 chil- dren, 10 of whom reached maturity as follows: Harvyr; William, a farmer in Grant County, Indiana; Sarah, deceased; Mrs. Melinda R. Pence, living in Grant County, Indiana ; James F., a liveryman at Marion, Indiana; Christo- pher, a farmer in Howard County, Indiana; Mrs. Angeline Harvey, living in Miami County, Indiana; Mrs. Alice Millikin, living at Coffeyville, Kansas ; Charley, a farmer, liv- ing in Tipton County, Indiana; and Frank N., who is in the oil business, at Peru, Kansas.
Reared amid agricultural scenes and in- fluences in Miami County, Indiana, where he received a good working education in the com- mon schools, Mr. Wimmer has passed a life- time in the successful tilling of the soil. After farming a decade in his native State with such success as to accumulate considerable capital, he shrewdly concluded that this capital would bear greater fruit in the West, and in 1877 came with his family to Kansas.
Mr. Wimmer was married in Miami County, Indiana, to Arbel Wright, who was born in 1849 and is the daughter and only child of Jonathan and Catherine (Ladd) Wright, na- tives of North Carolina, now deceased. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Wimmer, as follows : Arlington, a farmer in Spring Valley township, who married Mamie Sharp, and has two children, — Ray and Marion ; Marion, a farmer, who married Edna Swogger, and has three children, — Merle, Harvy and Zilpha ; Ozro. a farmer on his father's farm in
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Crawford township, who married Rosa Hogan, and has two children, — Earl and Gladys M. ; and Gladys Marie, who is a schoolgirl at home.
As heretofore stated, Harvy Wimmer is one of the solid citizens of the county. His life has been as an open took, and his word is always as good as his bond. Although not seeking public preferment, he has taken a loyal citizen's interest in affairs of local government, serving at the call of his neighbors in many of the minor offices, and always with efficiency. Politically, a stanch Republican from the days of his majority, the subject of this sketch takes keen pleasure in advocating the principles enun- ciated in each recurring platform of the party. In a social way he is affiliated with the Odd. Fellows.
Life is what we make it; and to Mr. Wim- mer, in these, his days of ripe maturity, there comes that satisfaction which results from the deserved esteem of a large circle of friends and neighbors.
EORGE W. HEFLEY, a well known farmer of the county, living on his 100-acre farm near Baxter Springs, in Spring Valley township, was born in Montgomery County, Illinois, December 13, 1866.
His father, Daniel Hefley, who was a native of North Carolina, moved with his parents from his native State when 13 years of age to Montgomery County, Illinois. There he fin- ished his education in the schools of the county, and then learned the trade of blacksmith, which occupation he followed until an accident while at work deprived him of the sight of one eye. From that time on, he turned his attention to fanning, and, although two years after the accident he became blind, he still managed his farm work until his death, which occurred Feb- ruary 3, 1900.
Daniel Hefley married Catherine Shearer, a daughter of David Shearer, a farmer of Montgomery County, Illinois, who was a na- tive of North Carolina. Her death occurred in Montgomery County, Illinois, in 1874. Seven children were born to this union, namely : Camilla, widow of George Sharp, who was a farmer of Cherokee County ; Mary, residing near Columbus, who is the widow of Charles Houser, of Montgomery County, Illinois ; Wil- liam, who died at the age of three years ; David C, a gold miner of Alaska; Elizabeth, wife of M. L. Downs, an implement dealer of Colum- bus, Kansas ; James A., a farmer of Chehalis, Washington; and George W., the subject of this sketch.
George W. Hefley received his early edu- cation in the schools of Ilinois. Coming to Cherokee County, Kansas, with his father, when he was 18 years of age, he entered school again, and at the age of 21 finished his educa- tion in the public schools of the county. After leaving school, he began farming on his own account, making his home with a sister until February 27, 1898.
On that date he was united in marriage to Minnie Braman, daughter of William and Phcebe (Maddox) Braman, the former a lum- ber dealer of Columbus, Kansas. To this mar- riage a son has been born, to whom was given the name of Floyd.
After his marriage, our subject located on a farm in Spring Valley township, where he re- mained three years, when he removed to the place where he now resides. Here he busily engaged in carrying on the work of general farming and stock-raising, besides operating a hay press, putting up hay in his immediate neighborhood. His farm of 100 acres is all under cultivation, and has many improvements, such as good buildings, not the least of which is a comfortable house. Mr. Hefley, believing that under the surface lie greater riches than the
428
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
agricultural products of the farm, has leased the right to drill for oil and mineral on his land, which there is every reason to believe will be a profitable venture.
Our subject has been a lifelong Republican. Fraternally he is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, of which organization he is a well known and valuable member. The family name is one well and favorably known in the community, and is held in the highest regard.
OHN H. JUNKENS, a well known farmer of Cherokee County, who has many warm friends throughout the county, has a farm of 160 acres of land in Ross township, in section 22, township 31, range 23. He is a native of Rush County, Indiana, and was the first settler in this sec- tion. He is a son of John and Mary (Mc- Hatten) Junkens, the father being a native of Jamestown, Ohio, and the mother of Bourbon County, Kentucky. The father, who was a farmer by occupation, spent most of his years, until the age of 21, in Ohio, and then went to Rush County, Indiana, where he married. To this marriage were born a family of six chil- dren, three of whom are living. Both parents died in Indiana when John H. was very young, and he was left to the mercy of strangers.
John H. Junkens spent his early years in Rush County, Indiana, and was compelled to work very hard as a boy. He enjoyed little. if any, chance to obtain an education, but grasped the few opportunities he had. In May, 1872. although only 22 years of age, he de- cided to go Westward, and choosing Kansas i - the most desirable State, came to Cherokee inty and located on 160 acres of wild prairie land in section 22, township 31, range 23. It was a pretty wild life, with no neighbors, and only the seemingly endless prairie, without
fences, or any sign of improvement, to be seen. But the pluck and energy that carried him through an orphaned childhood was brought to bear here; work on the unbroken land was begun, and the foundation of a future good home was laid.
In 1877, the subject of this sketch married Harriet Claussen, a native of Illinois. To this union one child was born, Deuard F., who married Kate Jones, of Columbus, Kansas, and with his wife resides with his parents on the farm.
Mr. Junkens has made his home in the township in which he first located. The im- provements on the land are due to his unceas- ing toil and perseverance and the farm is one of the many fine ones in this section. On it are produced all kinds of grain, and the rais- ing of horses, mules, cattle, hogs and sheep is also carried on.
At the breaking out of the Civil War, Mr. Junkens enlisted when but a youth. He served as a member of Company K, 134th Reg., Indi- ana Vol. Inf., in the 20th Army Corps, under Capt. Joseph R. Silvers, and Col. James Gavin. He participated in a number of important bat- tles, and was discharged May 24, 1864.
Mr. Junkens supports the Republican ticket on election day, but cares little for politics. He takes an intelligent interest in the affairs of his local community, where his long resi- dence and upright character have made him a man of much influence. He and his family are highly regarded by all.
HARLES E. DAVIS, a well known resident of Lola township, where he owns over 78 acres of good land, in section 34, township 33, range 22, resides at Sherwin Junction, where he was en- gaged in the grocery business for a number of vears. Mr. Davis was born in Fountain
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County, Indiana, October 14, 1844, and is a son of Henry and Phoebe (Curtis) Davis.
Stephen Davis, the grandfather of Charles E., was born in North Carolina, and went as a pioneer to Indiana, where he entered land and founded a family. Henry Davis, the father, was born in Indiana in December, 181 8, /nd died there on his farm in 1897, aged 78 years. The mother was also born in Indiana, where she died in 1852, aged 30 years. They had the following children : William, of Clay County, Kansas; Stephen and Joseph (twins), the former, living in Indiana and the latter, de- ceased ; Charles E. ; George W. and Mrs. Parthenia Shoemaker, deceased ; and Mrs. Susan Shade, of Indiana.
The subject of this sketch remained at home until he enlisted for service in the Civil War, in September, 1862, entering the 18th Indiana Light Artillery, under Capt. Eli Lilly, in which he served faithfully for three years until the close of the war. He took part in many very important battles, including Stone River and Hoover's Gap, and participated in all the fighting until General Rosecrans cap- tured Chattanooga. His command was then with General Sherman until the fall of Atlanta, when his battery was sent with General Thomas to Nashville. Later he was transferred to Gen- eral Wilson's cavalry corps, and Mr. Davis saw almost continual skirmishing until the end of the war, taking part in 65 different engage- ments. He was never absent from his regiment and reached Indianapolis safely, where he was honorably discharged June 30, 1865. Under the old law, Mr. Davis was accorded a pension of $8 per month. He belongs to the Grand Army of the Republic, and has a record in which he may take justifiable pride.
After the end of the war, Mr. Davis re- turned to his home in Indiana, and remained there until he came to Kansas in 1879. After farming about six years, he went to work on
the railroad and for two years of that time was section foreman. Then he embarked in the grocery business at Sherwin Junction. This business he conducted for 1 1 years, and also served as postmaster for nine years, under the administrations of both Cleveland and McKin- ley. In addition to his good farm, Mr. Davis owns two dwellings and eight lots at Sherwin Junction, and is a man of ample means.
In 1872, Mr. Davis was first married, to Minerva Beaver, who was born in Indiana and died there aged 21 years, leaving one child, Franklin E., who resides at home, being a widower with three children, — Gertrude M., Floyd and Goldie May. Mr. Davis married, for his second wife, Mrs. Ellen (Moore) Wright, who died December 30, 1903, aged 55 years, three months and four days. She left one daughter, — Lillie O. Wright.
In politics, Mr. Daves has always been a strong supporter of the Republican party. He has taken a very active part in local affairs, and has served four years as justice of the peace, and eight years as a notary public. Fra- ternally, he is an Odd Fellow. Mr. Davis be- longs to the United Brethren Church. He is a man who is held in very high esteem in the village, and is known to almost every one.
RANT CLABOURN, one of the prominent business men of Cherokee County, and superintendent of the Red Rose Mining Company, of Shawnee township, was born April 12, 1864, at Russellville, Cole County, Missouri, and is a son of Lawson and Sarah (Kennon) (Bar- low) Clabourn.
! Lawson Clabourn was born in Greenup County, Kentucky, in 181 6, but removed to Missouri at an early age, accompanying his parents, who settled in Cole County. There
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he passed his whole life, engaged in agricul- tural pursuits. He married Mrs. Sarah ( Ken- non) Barlow in Missouri, and seven of his eight children grew to maturity, viz : John B., of Cole County, Missouri; Francis and Mary (twins), the former, of Cole County, and the latter of Fort Scott, Kansas ; Russell, of Shaw- nee township; Louisa; Grant; and Margaret. The mother of Grant Clabourn was married first to a Mr. Barlow and her only son by that marriage, Charles William Barlow, is a resi- dent of Jefferson City, Missouri. The family is well and favorably known in Cole County, where the grandfather had a plantation of 600 acres, owned slaves and was an extensive raiser of good stock.
Grant Clabourn attended school in his na- tive locality until he reached the age of 16 years, when the death of his mother broke the family entirely up, his father having died when he was eight years old. For several seasons he assisted an aunt with her farming, and then was appointed a guard at the Missouri State Penitentiary, where he remained on duty for about six months. After this he became in- terested in mining, and has been for the most part identified with this work, in Missouri and Kansas, since he was 18 years of age. He has been connected with many large developing en- terprises, and has been very successful in them. In 1900 he organized the Red Rose Mining Company, which is operating on the Badger M. & M. Company's lease. The company has four lots, comprising 1,600 square feet, a shaft 135 feet deep, a complete 150- ton mill, and the best equipment in the camp. Mr. Clabourn has opened up several other mines in his time,
ong which may be mentioned "Crown Point," on the North Empire. He has also been in the drilling business for many years, and has two drills at present. He has a 52- acre lease on Mrs. A. B. Brooks' land at
Zincite, Missouri, which pays a handsome royalty.
In 1896, Mr. Clabourn was married to Lona Heddens, who is a daughter of Noah H. Heddens, of Galena, and they have one daughter, — Opal. Politically, Mr. Clabourn is a Democrat, but has little disposition, and less time, to engage actively in politics. His fra- ternal associations include Mineral Lodge, No. 3, Knights of Pythias, in which he has filled the office of chancellor; the Elks and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is well known all over the county, and is con- sidered an authority on mining and mining properties. Honorable business dealings have brought him respect and esteem, and good man- agement has been rewarded with business suc- cess.
HARLES N. ROACH, the proprie- tor of the "Neosho Stock Farm," Neosho township, is one of the self-made, representative men of his section of the county. He was born in Jackson County, Iowa, September 8, 1859, and is a son of Jeremiah J. and Maria (Woods) Roach.
The father of Mr. Roach was born in Ohio, and died in Iowa, in 1898, at the age of 74 years. The mother was born in Indiana and is a resident of Iowa, aged 69 years and well pre- served. They had seven children, four sons and three daughters, the subject of this sketch being next to the oldest. Jeremiah J. Roach moved from Ohio to Iowa in young manhood, and was a pioneer in Kansas, in which State he lived for four years, two of which were spent on the farm of his son, Charles N. He was a carpenter by trade.
Charles N. Roach accompanied his parents to Kansas, and located on his present farm in
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1876. Later he spent many years in other parts of the State, working by the month at farm labor. About 1900, he purchased the old homestead, and has converted it into a large stock farm. It consists of 165 acres located in sections 10, 11, 14 and 15, and 125 acres in section 17, all in township 35, range 22. His property borders on the Indian Territory and the tract in section 1 7 has the Neosho River for its northern boundary. Mr. Roach raises horses, cattle and hogs, having at present 50 head of horses and mules, 60 head of Shorthorn and Red Polled cattle, and 1 1 5 head of hogs. He has had much experience in handling cattle and stock. About 19 years ago, with Captain Jones, of San Antonio, Texas, he disposed of 1,300 head of horses in six months' time. To conduct a large enterprise like the one in which Mr. Roach is engaged, requires great good judgment, careful attention and unremitting labor. The cattle and stock of his farm are widely known, and are considered representa- tive of the best efforts in this line in Neosho township. In addition to his cattle and stock business, Mr. Roach runs a hay press.
Mr. Roach has been thrice married, first to Elmyra High, who at death left one daugh- ter,— Mary. His second marriage was to Ly- dia Owens, and nine children were born to this union, viz. : Mrs. Maude Vanatta, of Chetopa, who has one child, — Lloyd ; and Claude, Leo, Essie, Owen and Ona (twins), Wayne, and Myral and Myrtle (twins), all of whom are at home. The third marriage of Mr. Roach was to Mrs. Amanda Lemley.
Mr. Roach is identified with the Republi- can party, but takes only a citizen's interest in politics, his time being too fully occupied to permit of office holding. He is very prominent, however, in fraternal life. For the past 20 years he has been a Master Mason, and he be- longs also to the Odd Fellows, Modern Wood- men of America, and Fraternal Aid. For many
years, until it was discontinued, he was treas- urer of the local organization of Select Friends. He belongs also to the A. H. T. A.
Mr. Roach deserves much credit for what he has accomplished in comparatively a few years. All has been done through his own efforts, and untiring industry. He is looked upon as an authority in stock matters in Neosho township, and the farm, on which he has spared no expense, is carefully and honestly con- ducted.
RTHUR LEROY HUBBARD, one
of the successful farmers of Spring Valley township, and a member of a very prominent family of this sec- tion, was born at Galena, Kansas, February 5, 1 88 1, and is a son of John Clabourn and Olive (Maynard) Hubbard.
John Clabourne Hubbard, who is a promi- nent farmer of Cehrokee County, owning 200 acres in Shawnee township, was born in Wash- ington County, Indiana, December 16, 1839, and is a son of Joseph and Mary Ellen (Frank- lin) Hubbard, the former of whom was born in Indiana and the latter in Kentucky. Joseph Hubbard was a carpenter, farmer and stock raiser. The mother was a daughter of Cla- bourn Franklin, of Kentucky. Nine children were born to Joseph Hubbard and wife, and four of them grew to maturity, as follows : John Clabourn; William G., a member of the 66th Regiment, Indiana Vol. Inf., during the Civil War, who fell at Collierville, Tennessee; David, who is deceased ; and Nancy, who is the widow of Thomas Wier, of Indiana. Joseph Hubbard was a class leader in the Methodist Church, but he and his wife at length became identified with the Christian Church.
The grandfather of our subject died when John Clabourne Hubbard was 10 years old, and the latter's early boyhood was spent on the
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farm of his uncle, P. C. Franklin. Later an- other uncle, Rev. Aaron Hubbard, who was a prominent elder in the Christian Church, gave the youth employment as a clerk in his store. Two years later he began to farm on rented land and was so engaged when the Civil War opened.
In August, 1861, John Clabourn Hubbard enlisted in Company C, 38th Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf.. and was discharged in August, 1865, hav- ing veteranized at Rossville Gap, Tennessee, in 1864. The 38th Regiment was in the 1st Brig- ade, 1st Division, of the 14th Army Corps and was one of the "star" regiments of the war. Mr. Hubbard participated in many battles but escaped with but few wounds. After the close of the war, he opened a grocery store at Little York. Indiana, which he conducted about a year and a half. In 1867 he removed with his family to Iola, Allen County, Kansas, and lived on a farm there for about seven years and then sold out and went to Granby, Missouri, where he embarked in a grocery business with Jacob Mingus, under the firm name of Mingus & Hubbard, which continued until 1879, when Mr. Hubbard sold his interest to his partner and went to Leadville, Colorado. It was in the spring of the year and until snow came he was engaged in furnishing transportation for a railroad survey between Leadville and Georgetown.
The closing of the business in the moun- tains by the advent of winter caused Mr. Hub- bard to remove to Leadville to engage in busi- ness and he bought a feed store there, which he continued until spring, when he was obliged to leave that climate on account of rheumatism, and returned to Granby. In the spring of 1883 he went to Texas, but conditions there did not attract him, and in a few months he came North and stopped at Galena. Here he began pros- pecting and mining and met with fair success and remained a resident of Galena until 1892.
He was then elected register of deeds and re- moved to Columbus, where he resided during his occupancy of that office.
In 1896 Mr. Hubbard bought his present farm of 200 acres, on which he raises grasses and grain, and keeps more than the average of stock, having between 50 and 60 head of cattle and 50 head of Poland China hogs. He owns one of the finest Shorthorn herds in the county. His registered bull is "Albion Duke Second," No. 202,385, and his Poland-China boar is from "Western Wilkes." Mr. Hubbard has made splendid improvements on this place. His fine residence was remodeled in 1903, the frame of which was erected in 1877, entirely of the best white pine. It contains 1 1 rooms and 10 large closets, and 25 windows insure plenty of fresh air and sunlight. In 1903 he also built his substantial bank barn, the posts of which on one side are 14 feet in height and on the other, 20 feet. It will accom- modate eight head of horses and 75 tons of hay. In addition, Mr. Hubbard has an imple- ment building of the same size as the barn, with 10-foot posts; it is furnished with grain bins and has hay racks overhead. Mr. Hub- bard is credited with having the finest corn cribs and grain bins in the county, every pro- tection being given the cereals to keep them in the best marketable condition. In making other improvements, Mr. Hubbard has not neglected his fruit orchards, having 700 hundred apple, peach, cherry and plum trees, in fine bearing condition. His vineyards contain four varieties of grapes and they have been selected with the idea of continuing the season as long as possi- ble. This is one of the ideal rural homes of Cherokee County.
The first marriage of John C. Hubbard was to Olive Maynard, who was born in Indiana, and was a daughter of A. K. Maynard, of that State. Of their 1 1 children, seven grew to ma- turity, viz : Flora, a well known educator, who
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is principal of the First Ward School, at Ga- lena; Francis M., a mechanic of St. Louis, who married Catherine Watson, a daughter of James Watson, of Pittsburg, Kansas, and they have one daughter, — Marjorie; Walter G., who is in the undertaking and livery business at Bisbee, Arizona, and lives in that city with his wife of Katherine; Calvin, a general merchant of Appalachie, Oklahoma, married Eva Wade, of Columbus, Kansas, and they have one son, — Harold; David Albert, who married Katherine Wiles, of Joplin, Missouri, and resides with his father on the home farm ; Annie, who is the wife of John McMillin, of Joplin, Missouri; and Arthur Leroy, the immediate subject of this sketch. The mother of these children passed away on November 9, 1888, aged 44 years. She was a consistent member of the Christian Church. The second marriage of John C. Hubbard took place August 15, 1900, Minnie Van Metre, a native of Wisconsin, be- coming his wife.
Until he was 12 years of age, Arthur Le- roy Hubbard remained in his native place and attended the local schools. Then he went to Orangeville, Orange County, Indiana, and there completed his school course. In 1895 he returned to Galena and made a visit, but sub- sequently went back to Orange County and engaged there for a year in farming. A sec- ond year was spent in Washington County, In- diana, where he continued to farm, and he then came back to Galena. Here he engaged in lead and zinc mining until the spring of 1902 when he became an agent for the Prudential Insur- ance Company, at Webb City, Missouri, and remained in the employ of that corporation until the following winter.
On August 31, 1902, Mr. Hubbard was united in marriage with Minnie M. Stone, who is a daughter of J. W. Stone, with whom Mr. Hubbard now resides in Spring Valley
township, engaged in extensive farming and in the hay business in the Indian Territory.
Mr. Hubbard is politically identified with the Republican party. Formerly he was a member of the Fraternal Aid Association. He is one of the enterprising young men of Spring Valley township, well posted on matters of pub- lic importance and highly regarded for his ster- ling traits of character.
ARCUS LAFAYETTE SMITH, of Galena, a representative man of this section, belongs to one of the earliest pioneer families of Chero- kee County. He is a son of Marcus and Sarah (Rowark) Smith.
To a true American citizen there can be no more absorbing study than that of the settle- ment and development of the country he loves so well, and there must be few indeed who do not feel an interest in those whose pioneering feet made the first paths of civilization through wildernesses where before only wild creatures had trod. Every section has had its heroes as every section has its advantages. Cherokee County with its gently undulating prairie, with its rich, loamy soil and its meandering streams could not help appearing a goodly land to those in search of pleasant homes, and despite its un- settled portions, its bands of Indians who still claimed it as their heritage, it looked so attract- ive to the three brothers, as they drove their, ox-teams within its borders, in 1840, that they decided to face the dangers and to settle on the banks of a pleasant stream near by.
These early pioneers into Cherokee County, — Marcus, Moses and Isaac Smith, — had started from Knoxville, Tennessee, had paused in Missouri and then had come, unbidden, to this land of the Indians. They established the first homes on Short Creek and until about
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1856 were the only settlers on this stream. Later, Moses removed from his farm, on the present site of Central City, and went to Ar- kansas, where he was lost sight of. Isaac, who located on the State line, on the present site of Cave Springs, lost his life through being acci- dentally shot.
Marcus Smith, a man of courage and de- termination, was also one of justice and con- sideration, these qualities being exhibited in his association with the Indians, with whom he soon established friendly relations and ever found them reliable in word and deed. He built a log shanty on Short Creek, about two miles from the present city of Galena, and this served as a shelter until he could erect one of hewed logs. When the latter was completed, the former was used for a workshop, as he was a mechanic and was able to make or repair both tools and furniture and fashion many necessary articles, from household utensils and furniture to the coffins in which the dead were laid away. He also built the looms on which both the whites and Indians made cloth, and he also cultivated his land and kept "open house" for all who chanced to come that way. When the tired circuit rider came within sight of this hospitable home, he knew that a wel- come awaited him. The affairs of the little settlement were discussed under Smith's roof, his opinion and judgment being consulted as long as he lived. Game was abundant at that time, wild turkeys and prairie chickens were plentiful and pigeons were so numerous that they darkened the sun in their flight. All the clothing was necessarily made at home from the flax and wool raised on the farm and the excellent dinners, which built up brawn and muscle, were cooked in the great fireplace. Fish were abundant, bass and others of the finny tribe being caught in every stream, and the family never suffered for food, Nature sup- plying the larder.
Mr. Smith was a type of the best pioneer class, honest, upright, deeply religious and pos- sessing the calm judgment which many among the pioneers lacked. His death in 1854 was a serious loss to the little community. Troubles came but they never drove him from his home- stead and there he passed away. His worthy wife survived until 1863, the troubles incident to the Civil War despoiling her home and breaking up her family, clouding the last years of a most admirable and exemplary life.
Marcus Lafayette Smith is the fifth of the family of seven children, consisting of four sons and three daughters, of which family two daughters and three sons still survive. He was born May 13, 1844, two miles east of the city of Galena, across the line in Missouri, and his boyhood was passed on the farm. His educa- tion was such as could be secured in a subscrip- tion school which was a primitive log structure that stood on the present site of Central City. The floor was of puncheons and the benches were slabs, while a long slab desk sufficed to hold the copy book and the few scattered text- books. Three months in the year was the limit of his school attendance, yet who shall say, in considering Mr. Smith today, that modern methods and appliances are necessary in the education of a useful and successful citizen.
After, the death of his father, Mr. Smith continued to farm the home land and wras mak- ing satisfactory progress when the Civil War broke out. Taking the advice of the officers of the Union Army, Mrs. Smith decided to remain on her homestead, but our subject and his brother, were taken prisoners, their home was despoiled and for four months the sons were confined at Little Rock and Fort Smith. Finally they were exchanged at Helena, Ar- kansas, proceeded up the Mississippi River to St. Louis and then by train to Rollo, that be- ing the terminus of the railroad line; two days later, our subject's brother died, at Marsfield,
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Missouri, from the hardships of prison life. In the spring of 1862, Mr. Smith reached home, having come the distance from Rollo on foot. He did not feel secure from capture, but put in a small crop on the land, hoping for the best, and in the following July moved his aged mother and his family to Humboldt, Kansas. On the following day he enlisted in Company M, 9th Reg., Kansas Vol. Cav., and saw much service on the border and in Arkansas, serving until the close of the war under Captain Mc- Connell and Colonel Linn.
After the war had ended, Mr. Smith, with the rest of the family, moved back to the old dismantled home, rebuilt the log houses and for a while followed farming on the old fields. Finally he left the farm and went down on the river and settled at the point where old Boston Mills was afterward built on land where he settled. He remained there until 1870. This property, situated two and a half miles north- west of Galena, he traded for a farm due north of Galena, to which he moved and where he continued to follow the pursuits of agriculture until about 1873. Then he returned to Boston Mills and engaged in storekeeping for three years, when he removed his stock and family to Lowell. There he continued in the mercan- tile business for a number of years, but in the summer of 1880 he removed to Sumner County, Kansas, where he was extensively in- terested in farming, stock-raising, merchandis- ing and banking. For some time he also en- gaged in a mercantile business at Canyon City, Colorado. When the Cherokee Strip was about toj be opened, he returned and remained at Wichita until the time came, when he moved to Perry with a transfer outfit and for about two years, with three good teams, did an im- mense transportation business. In 1896 he returned to Galena, where he had begun to develop mines on his property and settled per-
manently, engaging in mining until 1903. Since then he has resumed merchandising.
Mr. Smith was married in 1866, in Mis- souri, to Mary L. E. Kelly, who is a daughter of John D. Kelly, a prominent man of South- eastern Missouri, and they had three children, of whom two grew to maturity: J. F., who married Amanda Cummings and has three chil- dren,— Flossie May, Fleta and Marcus Lafay- ette, and Nannie J., who is the wife of J. P. Broomfield, of Galena, and has one child, — Maude Lee. The family belong to the Chris- tian Church.
Mr. Smith has taken an active part in Galena affairs. He has served on the Lowell township board, on the School Board and as a member of the City Council of Galena. Fra- ternally, he is an Odd Fellow and has passed all the chairs. He belongs also to the Frank P. Blair Post, G. A. R., of Galena. Politically a stanch Republican, he has many times b-?en honored by appointment as delegate to various conventions.
Mr. Smith has witnessed almost all of the development of this section. He can recall crossing from Spring River to Osage Mission, a distance of 60 miles, by ox-team, not a single dwelling the whole way and not a foot of it where he could escape those early pests, the green flies and numerous snakes, many of them of a poisonous variety.
EWITT CLINTON WILLIAMS, who resides in section 22, township 33, range 25, in Shawnee township, is one of the most prosperous agricul- turists of Cherokee County. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, August 1, 1841, and is a son of Rev. Joel and Sarah Jane (Swords) Williams, and a grandson of Joel Williams.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
The Williams family is of Scotch-Irish ex- traction. Joel Williams was a native of Penn- sylvania, and in early life had quite a reputa- tion as an Indian fighter. He moved to Cin- cinnati, Ohio, where he conducted the first hotel, and became a man of wealth and promi- nence in the young city.
Rev. Joel Williams was born in Pennsyl- vania, and when a small boy accompanied his parents to Cincinnati, Ohio, when that place was little more than a steamboat landing, and the inhabitants frequently found it necessary to seek shelter from the Indians in a block house. When Joel was 16 years old his father died, leaving a large estate, his share of which was a farm of 300 acres and $10,000 in money. He secured a good education, and after grad- uating from Oxford College, edited a paper in Steubenville, Ohio, for awhile. He later en- gaged in mercantile business and being obliged to leave the affairs of the concern to the care of his partners, much of his fortune disap- peared through their mismanagement. He was always a very religious man, and shortly after his marriage was ordained a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and became an itinerant preacher. In the fall of 1841, he set- tled upon the land in Clinton County which he had inherited, and in the meantime kept a store near the town of Sabina, Ohio. He did not re- main long in the Methodist Church, but soon became a preacher in the United Brethren Church. He removed to Williamsburg in 1852, and remained there until his death in 1856, con- tinuing to preach until the last. He was joined in marriage with Sarah Jane Swords, daughter of Kinsey Swords, a native of Steubenville, and a turner by trade. The following named children blessed this union : Charlotte I., deceased, who was the wife of William Rosser; Kinsey Swords, who died as a result of wounds received at the battle of Peach Tree Creek, near Atlanta. Georgia; DeWitt Clinton; Joel
Harris, of Rockford, Minnesota; Ann Eliza, second wife of William Rosser; Granville Franklin, of Bloomington, Ohio; and Emma Jane, wife of John A. Johnson, who lives near Sabina, Ohio. Mrs. Williams was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church from the time she was 1 1 years of age. She died in 1867, aged 54 years.
Owning to the loss of his father's fortune, DeWitt C. Williams received a very meagre education in the common schools. At an early- age he went to work in the chair factory at Williamsburg, and when 20 years old became apprenticed to the trade of tile and pottery making. He continued at this work for about eight years, but found it did not agree with his health. He then moved West to Carroll- ton, Missouri, where he stayed one winter, and was married April 1, 1869. On the night of his marriage he started with his bride for Kan- sas. That year he took a homestead in Salina County, where he farmed for 18 years. He greatly improved his farm, and sold it to good advantage. He served for a time on the School Board and as justice of the peace, while living there. In 1886 he came to Cherokee County and until 1894 rented and farmed different places. In that year he bought a tract of 80 acres, and by dint of hard work and good man- agement has increased his holdings to 547 acres in Shawnee township. He makes a spe- cialty of hay raising and cuts about 400 tons, being the largest hay producer in the county. His reputation as such is extensive, and he is sometimes called "Hay" Williams, letters fre- quently being thus addressed to him. He also has about 90 acres in corn and 70 in oats, and uses most of his grain for feed. He has 12 head of horses and 40 head of cattle. In busi- ness affairs he has displayed unusual ability. He is an untiring worker, and the success he has attained is due to his individual efforts.
On May 2, 1864, Mr. Williams enlisted in
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Company A, 154th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and was honorably discharged September 1, 1864. On April 1, 1869, Mr. Williams was united in marriage with Nancy A. Nevius, a daughter of William Nevius, a native of Indiana. To them have been born 10 children, as follows: Clement F. ; Mary Malvina, who died at the age of 16 years ; Jacob B. ; Benjamin N. ; Lutetia S., wife of J. Holmes Lucas, of Shaw- nee township; Sarah Jane; Ralph Waldo; Lottie E. ; Ruth E. ; and Olive Alberta, who was burned to death in April, 1900, at the age of six years. Of the living children, Mrs. Lucas is the only one not at home. Politically, the subject of this sketch is a stanch Republi- can, he has been a member of the School Board many years and at the present time is a director.
AMES O'MALLEY, a prominent farmer of Cherokee County, whose farm lies in section 3, township 32, range 23, in Ross township, was born March 4, 1847, m County Limerick, Ire'and. His parents, John and Mary (Clancy) O'Malley, were also born in Ireland, where they were married ; they lived in County Lim- erick until 1847. Emigrating to America, John O'Malley located in New Jersey, where, after the family joined him, they farmed for seven years. Then they moved to Bureau County, Illinois, where they remained until 1868. At this period they again turned their faces west- ward, and another year found them settled on 160 acres of wild land in Cherokee County, Kansas, where Scammon now stands. Besides being one of the pioneer farmers here, John O'Malley was also the owner of the first coal mine opened in this section. His death oc- curred in 1876, on the home place, to the im- provement of which he had given so much time and labor. The death of his wife occurred
some time earlier, in Bureau County, Illinois. Both were devout members of the Catholic Church. Mr. O'Malley was a Democrat, in politics, although never aspiring to office. The family consisted of 1 1 children, nine of whom were born in Ireland and two in America. Those living are: Patrick, of Montgomery County, Iowa; Catherine, of Henry County, Illinois ; James ; David, a resident of Scammon, and Fannie (Mrs. Michael Fleming), of Ross township.
James O'Malley came to America in 1849, with his mother and the children, the father having preceded them two years previously. In March, 1864, James enlisted in Company F, 53d Reg, Illinois Vol. Inf. He was with Sherman in his "March to the Sea" and was discharged at Chicago, Illinois, July 22, 1865.
Upon his return home, Mr. O'Malley stayed one year, and was employed in different occu- pations. He then rented and cultivated a farm in Bureau County, Illinois. Here he married, in 1868, to Mary Swain. To them have been born 1 1 children, nine of whom are living, as follows : John, a miner, who resides in Stone City; Jane, now the wife of Henry A. Rockefeller, an engineer, of Ross township; Rosie, now Mrs. Reno, whose husband is a miner at Stone City, Kansas; Lena, wife of Michael Wagner, a pit boss at Stone City; Kate, wife of George Lanning, a miner, of Scammon; William A., who lives at home, and is employed in the mines ; and Maude, Patrick and Mabel, who are at home. Two children, Margaret and Michael, died when very young.
After his marriage, the subject of this sketch farmed in Illinois until 1871, when he came alone to Cherokee County, Kansas, his wife following in June of that year. They located on the northwest quarter of section 3, township 32, range 23, in Ross township. The land was all wild, and only a small portion
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
was broken the first year. During the winter Mr. O'Malley moved to Scammon where he found employment in the coal mines. For three years the family spent their summers on the farm and the winters in Scammon. The crops put in on the farm were sod corn and fall wheat, which yielded well when the seasons were favorable. Their home consisted of a small, box house at first, to which additions were made later, until it was a comfortable home, and they occupied it until 1904, when a beautiful new, two-story house was com- pleted, which has nine large rooms.
The work of the farm comprises general farming, and the care of horses, hogs, cattle and mules. All kinds of fruit trees were planted some years ago, and now produce large quantities for home use and market. The im- provements on this farm were all made by the owner, and he justly deserves the peace and plenty which come from hard labor, persever- ance and pluck.
Mr. O'Malley has always been a man of in- fluence in the county, and has taken an active interest in affairs. As a Democrat, he is a familiar figure at all the local public gatherings of that party, although he does not care for office. He has been treasurer of the township 1 j years, and for 16 years has served on the School Board. He and his family are highly regarded in the county, where they have so long resided.
O. JOHNSTON, one of the promi- nent farmers of Crawford township, operating the west half of section 8, township 33, range 24, has been a resident of the county since 1885. He was born in Monroe County. Missouri, in i860, and is a son of John A. and Catherine (Link) Jolmsi 1 11.
John A. Johnston was born in what is now
West Virginia, formerly included in Virginia, and removed to Missouri in young manhood with his bride. He located in Shelby County in 1 88 1, and died there on his farm, February 7, 1 90 1, aged 76 years. His wife died in 1862. He was a prominent farmer and a good citizen. He was a member of the Baptist Church. The subject of this sketch has two brothers and a half brother, and a sister and a half sister, viz. : William R., of Aurora, Missouri; George L., of Paris, Missouri ; Mrs. Ella Wedding, of Maud, Missouri; Eva, of Maud, Missouri; and John T., of Macon, Missouri.
The subject of this sketch was reared in Missouri where he attended school and learned the practical details of farming, which he has successfully followed all his life, with the ex- ception of two years when he was engaged in mining in Galena. In 1885 he came to Chero- kee County, Kansas, and located one mile north of Columbus. He remained two years on the Housholder farm, and then moved to the Scovel farm in Salamanca township. There he con- tinued for seven years, — up to 1894, — when he spent one year on the Stanley farm. Thence he moved to the Cheney farm in Crawford town- ship, and six years later to the farm belonging to George M. Fisher, which he now cultivates. Mr. Johnston is a careful, scientific agriculturist and success has invariably attended his farm- ing operations, which have covered so many years that he may justly be considered an authority on the fertility and productiveness of Cherokee County soil.
On April 6, 1882, Mr. Johnston was mar- ried in Shelby County, Missouri, to Mollie Medley, who was born in Shelby County, De- cember 19, 1862, and is a daughter of Ashford and Mary (Heathman) Medley, early residents of the county. Later, they removed to the Indian Territory, where Mr. Medley is still engaged in farming. His wife died in the Indian Territory, May 9, 1902, aged 62 years.
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Mrs. Johnston has 12 brothers and sisters, namely : John \V., engaged in mercantile pur- suits in the Indian Territory ; Henry, who died there six years ago; Wesley and Frank, who are farmers in the Indian Territory ; Evans M., who is a resident of Missouri ; Ashley and Loen, who are farmers, — the former, in Missouri, and the latter in the Indian Territory ; Mrs. Georgia Rogers, who died in the Indian Territory, in December, 1894; Callie, who died in May, 1895; Mrs. Ava James, who died January 29, 1900; and Mrs. Jennie Burns and Mrs. Lucy Brewer, who live in the Indian Territory.
Mr. and Mrs. Johnston have seven chil- dren, viz. : Alta, born in Missouri, March 24, 1884, who is the wife of John Gray, and lives in Cherokee County; Lulu, born January 20, 1886; Carrie, born June 20, 1888; Fred and Gertrude (twins), born March 6, 1891 ; Ar- thur, born October 29, 1893; and Carl, born February 5, 1901. The six last named were born in Crerokee County, and reside at home. Mrs. Johnston is a member, and the rest of the family are attendants, of the Baptist Church.
Politically, Mr. Johnston is a Democrat, and is now serving as school director of Dis- trict No. 79, in Crawford township. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and belongs to he Anti-Horse Thief Associa- tion.
OHN PAGE, one of the oldest and most successful mine operators in Chero- kee County, is an influential citizen of Galena and has witnessed the city's growth from its infancy. He has aided ma- terially in its development and has frequently been called upon to accept some position ot public trust.
Mr. Page was born in England, January 21, 1848, and is a son of Richard Barmby Page. His education was very limited and at
the age of 12 years he left home to make his own way in the world. At the age of 19 years he sailed for America, landing in New York City. The same year he journeyed West to Kansas City, Missouri, and for a time clerked under H. C. Craig, agent of the old Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad at Paola. Mr. Craig is now general superintendent of the Western Union Telegraph for the "Frisco" system. Our subject removed to Joplin, Mis- souri, where he engaged in dyeing and clean- ing clothes and caps for some years, and is still well known there to the older settlers of the city. While there he also engaged in mining on the old Baker tracts. He came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1880, and located at Galena, where he sold peanuts on the streets for a time, at the same time being interested in mining. He would work all day and frequently until midnight, and it was by such industrious efforts that he forced his way to the front. For a period of 23 years he has been manager of the Illinois Lead & Zinc Company, formerly known as the Bloomington Mining Company, and was the man to sink the shaft where James Murphy is now excavating. He struck ore at 13 feet for the Bloomington company; its suc- cessor has 228 acres, which it leases in 10 and 20 acre tracts. Under the excellent manage- ment and supervision of Mr. Page, this com- pany has been very successful. He was one of the organizers of the Central Mining Company, which he still owns, the officers of the company being at the present time: Richard Page, president ; Mrs. Annie Page, vice-president ; Pearl Page, secretary, and John Page, treasurer and manager. This mining land was leased from the John M. Cooper M. & M. Company. This company is about to take up more land and its affairs are in excellent condition. The John M. Cooper M. & M. Company organized the New Century Zinc & Lead Mining Company in 1902 and Mr. Page was elected president.
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This company controls 1,000 acres of land. Our subject served seven or eight years as city sexton, two terms on the School Board, and from 1889 to 1892 was mayor of the city, its progress being marked during his administra- tion.
Mr. Page was first united in marriage with Barbara Ashenfelter, who died leaving one daughter, Mrs. Daisy Stough, who resides in Colorado and has five daughters and one son. He formed a second union with Annie Klein, a native of Buffalo, New York, and they are parents of five children, namely : Richard, Pearl, Irene, James and Marie. Mr. Page lives with his family in a comfortable home on Main street, south of Eighth. Fraternally, he has been an Odd Fellow for. many years and was a member of Unity Lodge, in Manchester, England. He is past noble grand of Galena Lodge and has passed all the chairs. He also belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America, and numerous insurance orders.
AMUEL OSCAR McDOWELL, one of the oldest and best known citizens of Columbus, which city he has served five times as mayor, was born March 3, 1848, in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, and is a son of Dr. Calvin C. and Eliza Jane (Yea- man) McDowell.
The McDowell family is of Scotch extrac- tion, but both parents of our subject were born in the United States, the father in Virginia and the mother in New Jersey. They migrated to Indiana in youth and the mother died when Samuel O. was a child of four years. Dr. Calvin C. McDowell was born September 20, 1820, and died in Cherokee County, Kansas, in October, 1883. He was one of the promi- nent men and eminent physicians of Cherokee County, to which he came in the fall of 1866.
He took a leading part in the early land strug- gles of that time, carried on farming and prac- ticed his profession and through his whole life was one of the notable men of this section. He was one of the founders of a town called YVirtonia, which has been absorbed by a stronger community. His father, who had been a salt manufacturer at Kanawha, West Virginia, and who was a veteran of the War of 1812, died at Dr. McDowell's home in Cher- okee County, in the fall of 1881, aged 87 years.
Samuel O. McDowell attended the schools of Indiana until the age of 14 years. When only 15 years of age, he enlisted in Company M, nth Reg., Indiana Vol. Cav., and served for the succeeding 16 months, mostly in Ala- bama. The fortunes of Avar fell heavily upon this loyal lad, for injuries came to him in the pursuit of duty which necessitated the amputa- tion of his left arm. After his return home, he completed his interrupted education at the Stockwell Collegiate Institute, Tippecanoe County, Indiana, and in the spring of 1869 was married. After marriage he engaged in teach- ing for a short time and then returned to Kan- sas, having made a prospective settlement in 1867. In the spring of 1870 he located at Columbus, Cherokee County, and took charge of the post office, his brother being postmaster, until the following January, when he was ap- pointed to the office and served in the same for 10 years, until January, 1881.
In 1876, Mr. McDowell purchased the Columbus Courier, then a reform paper, and changed the policy to that of ardent Republi- canism, successfully conducting it until 1887. With A. T. Lea he founded the Galena Miner, at Galena, and was one of the best known news- paper men in Southeastern Kansas for many years. As a zealous and trustworthy party man, he was honored by the Republicans on many occasions and
gave faithful service
JAMES T. SMALL
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through years of public agitation. For four years (1884-85-86-87) he was sergeant-at- arms of the State Senate; was executive clerk to Governors John A. Martin and L. U. Hum- phries (1887-88-89); and in 1889- 1890 and a part of 1891 he was chief clerk of the Kan- sas State Penitentiary. Since then Mr. Mc- Dowell has been an editorial writer and silently interested in various business enterprises. Formerly he was a member of the Republican State Central Committee and has served as a delegate to many important conventions, his leadership long being recognized.
On May 1, 1869, in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, he was married to Birdie McKinsey, daughter of John and Catherine McKinsey, who died in October, 1898, leaving a daughter, — Mrs. W. M. Pye, of Kansas City, Missouri. His second marriage in April, 1904, was to Mrs. Lucilla E. Walrod, of Indianapolis.
Mr. McDowell has long been a very promi- nent member of the Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias, serving as noble grand in the former order and has just retired from the office of grand chancellorship of the Knights of Pythias of the State of Kansas. He has been active in this organization since 1880, is a member of the Uniform Rank and commanded the Second Regiment for six years prior to becoming grand chancellor. He has also been one of the leading members of the Grand Army of the Republic, which he joined in Indi- ana, five months after its organization and is past post commander of John A. Dix Post, No. 59, of Columbus.
Mr. McDowell has been connected with the organization of many of the industries and the founding of many of the institutions in Colum- bus and none of these gives him more satis- faction or more redounds to his credit than the results from his earnest efforts in the estab- lishment of the Methodist Episcopal Church, now one of the largest religious bodies of the
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city. Few men are better known in Cherokee County and few in public life have met with more tokens of srenuine esteem.
AMES T. SMALL, president of the J. T. Small Lumber Company, of Scam- mon, and one of the county's promi- nent and influential citizens, whose portrait accompanies this article, was born in Miami County, Ohio, in 1836, and is a son of John and Margaret (Betson) Small.
John Small spent his whole life in Ohio, where he died at the age of 85 years. He was a successful farmer, and was called upon to occupy local positions of trust and responsi- bility. His wife, whose memory is cherished by the subject of this sketch with the greatest affection and gratitude, died also in Ohio, at the age of 95 years. They reared seven sons and two daughters to maturity. Four of these still survive, namely : Martha A., widow of Daniel Sutton ; David B. ; James T. ; and Lewis C.
James T. Small has had a most interesting career, and by tracing the gradual steps by which an ambitious youth overcame obstacles and perseveringly conquered adverse fate, a lesson may be learned by those similarly situ- ated. Mr. Small was born before the school privileges, now thrust upon the alien child as soon as he touches our shores, were within the reach of the common plowboy, and thus it was that he had reached the years of his legal ma- jority, without having had any educational ad- vantages, whatever. Although his father seems to have been a man of consequence in his local- ity, and the possessor of lands and stock, little provision was made for the education of the children. To his mother the youth turned, and she, with the maternal affection and sympathy which make mothers what they are, brought
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out a few hoarded gold pieces, and thus gave him a chance to attend the winter sessions of school in the neighboring town. His summers were devoted to farm work as usual, but in the winter, he willingly walked to the town in the morning, and back in the evening, three miles each way. He thus continued to attend school at Piqua, Ohio, and subsequently, by cutting logs and splitting rails, obtained the means to continue in the high school, his great desire being to gain sufficient knowledge to secure a certificate entitling him to teach. This he ac- complished, and taught his first term of school near Sidney, receiving for this service $25 a month.
After the closing of his school term, he returned home and again worked hard and at- tended school, but this proved too much of a drain on his health, and he was obliged to change his methods for a time. However, an- other examination was in view, and this he later passed by means of the same hard toil. He then secured a school three miles from home for a five months term, and walked to school and back every day. Finally he went to Day- ton, Ohio, and in that vicinity rented a farm of 30 acres, on which he raised corn and to- bacco. In the following fall, he secured a school in Montgomery County, which he taught about nine months, his remuneration being $40 per month. This was gratifying", as it was an advance on his former pay, but his pupils were not very intelligent. The work was not in the least inspiring, and he returned to farming, continuing thus until the outbreak of the Civil War. Mr. Small was one of the first to offer his services, but the state of his health caused him to be rejected by the recruiting officer, and he returned to Montgomery County and se- cured a school at $60 a month, which he taught three terms. In 1S62 he joined the Ohio Na- tional Guards, and in the spring of 1864 accom- panied his regiment when it was ordered out
for 100 days' service. His command had charge of Fort Federal Hill and Fort Marcy, as long as the danger of invasion was imminent. He returned for another term of school in Montgomery County, and in 1866 was married. After his marriage, he settled down on a rented farm in Miami County. This he operated dur- ing the summer, and taught school during the winter, for three years. Just about this time, the agents and prospectors of Western lands aroused the whole East as to the desirability of the country west of the Mississippi River as place for settlement, and Mr. Small, ever am- bitious and progressive, was easily convinced. He sold his property, and prepared to move to one of the newly opened regions of what was then considered "away out West." Before the time of departure came, however, his mother- in-law, fearing for the personal safety of her daughter and her grandchildren, made so many objections, and submitted so many valid rea- sons against the removal, that Mr. Small gave it up for awhile. As he had sold his property, he rented another farm, which he operated in connection with teaching.
In 1872, Mr. Small removed to Cherokee County, Kansas, and joined his brother-in-law, W. A. Wheatley, who had previously settled in Pleasant View township. Here Mr. Small settled on a section of land which was favorably located, but for which he could get no title for seven years, as the trouble between the Land League and the railroads was then at its height. The "pros" and "cons" of this conflict need not be discussed here as they are matters of State history.
Doubtless the little family many times re- membered the comforts of the old home in Ohio, as they were subjected to unaccustomed hardships, always incident to the settlement of a new country, and in this case made worse by the intrigues of the "land jumpers" and the depredations and threats of the still savage In-
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dians. In time, however, more settlers ven- tured into this goodly land, who took chances and secured farms after much trouble. The little settlement grew, fear was banished and law prevailed, and Mr. Small continued to peacefully and successfully pursue his agricult- ural operations until he gave up farming, in 1890.
For a time he remained at Baxter Springs, assisting his brother-in-law in his lumber busi- ness, and for a short time connected with a grocery store. Then he located at Scammon, Mineral township, and went into the lumber business for himself. Shortly afterward, he added a stock of furniture, hardware and builders' supplies, and built up a large business, which by 1895 required the admission of a partner. He accordingly associated with him his son-in-law, T. B. Pryor, the firm name be- coming, J. T. Small & Company. In the fol- lowing year the firm opened a lumber yard, furniture store, and builders' hardware store at West Mineral. The concern prospered to such an extent that, in 1903, it was incorpo- rated as the J. T. Small Lumber Company. The officers of the concern are: James T. Small, president ; Charles Switzer, vice-presi- dent and general manager of the West Mineral store; T. B. Pryor, secretary; and Alonzo Robb. treasurer. The business has a most en- couraging outlook, and is a testimonial to the enterprise, courage and ability of its founder. In its conduct and expansion, he has shown the same perseverance which marked his course as a youth, in the pursuit of his education.
Mr. Small's marriage to Hannah Wheatley took place in 1866. She was born in Mont- gomery County, Ohio. They have four chil- dren, namely: Emma R., born in Ohio, who married David Mackie, Jr., and has two chil- dren.— Elsie and Mabel, both born at Scam- mon; Mabel E., born in Ohio, who married Thomas B. Pryor, and has one child, — Irene,
born in Scammon ; Mary, born at Baxter Springs, Kansas; and Herbert E., who was born in Pleasant View township, Cherokee County.
Mr. Small and his family attend the Pres- byterian Church. He was one of the pioneers in establishing a church and Sunday-school in Pleasant View township, and has always taken an active interest in its affairs. The family is also prominent socially.
RANK R. McGREGOR, the acconv modating real estate agent at Baxter Springs, and a business citizen in the insurance line, was born in Kendall- ville, Noble County, Indiana, August 19, 1866, and is a son of Capt. Robert P. and Martha (Baker) McGregor.
The McGregor family is of Scotch extrac- tion, the name being still identified, after hun- dreds of years, with some of Scotland's best military representatives and its highest politi- cal and social circles. The grandfather of our subject crossed the Atlantic, from Scotland, in 1834, and settled at Montreal, Canada. His two sons, Robert P. and Adam, were born in the Dominion.
Capt. Robert P. McGregor was born at Toronto, Canada, July 4, 1835. His educa- tion was received there and when he had at- tained his majority he came to the United Stntes. locating at Kendallville, Indiana, where he followed the trade of a painter and paper-hanger. He enlisted for service in the Civil War, and became captain of Company B, 152nd Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf., and served three and a half years until the close of the war. He served mainly under General Grant, but was with General Sherman in the "March to the Sea." Captain McGregor returned to Kendallville after the close of the war, and
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
resumed his business there until 1877, when he removed to Baxter Springs, Cherokee County, Kansas, where he resided until his death, in 1897. He was one of the organizers of the Bordertier Brigade, which has since been changed to the Inter-State Reunion Associa- tion and was its quartermaster and general manager until his decease.
Captain McGregor was twice married, first to Martha Baker, a daughter of Alpheus and Mercy Baker, of Vermont and New York, re- spectively. Our subject was the only child of this marriage. The second union of Cap- tain McGregor was with Eliza Moore, and one daughter, — Mary, — is the survivor of their three children.
Captain McGregor was past commander of the Grant Army of the Republic post at Bax- ter Springs ; a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen ; Select Knights ; Patriarchs of America ; Select Friends and the Legion of Honor. He was a man highly respected by all who knew him and a representative citizen of Cherokee County. He also served a term in the State House of Representatives at Topeka.
Our subject obtained his education in the public schools of Baxter Springs and Colum- bus, and at the age of 18 years began his train- ing under his father in painting and paper- hanging and assisted in the filling of many large contracts. He continued in this work until 1 90 1, when he entered into the insurance busi- ness and later was appointed agent at Baxter Springs for the Adams Express Company, which he filled until August 22, 1904, when he gave up the agency to engage in other business.
Politically, Mr. McGregor is a Republican, and he has held the office of constable. He also served as quartermaster-general of the Inter- State Reunion Association for two years after the death of his father. He is very prominently identified with the Knights of Pythias, Knights and Ladies of Security. Ancient Order of
United Workmen, Select Knights and Ladies and Sons of Veterans and in all the organiza- tions has held many of the offices. Mr. Mc- Gregor has by strict attention to his business made and held friends with people of all politi- cal parties and has the confidence and good will of all.
RS. MARY ANN NEWTON, widow of the late William Carroll Newton, is one of the old pioneer settlers of Cherokee County, com- ing here in 1866, and she has resided on her farm of 160 acres in section 8. township 34, range 23, in Lyon township, for almost 40 years. Mrs. Newton was born in North Caro- lina, December 14. 1830, and is a daughter of James and Mary (Foster) Carroll.
The father of Mrs. Newton was born in Virginia and died in Tennessee, and her mother was born in North Carolina, and died in Ar- kansas. They lived many years in Tennessee. Mrs. Newton had four brothers and one sister. Mrs. Newton was a babe in arms when her parents moved to Tennessee and located some five miles distant from Paris, and there she grew to fair young womanhood, and in 1851 married William Carroll Newton. Mr. New- ton was born near Paris, Tennessee, February 11, 1828. and died in Lyon township, Chero- kee County, Kansas, March 13, 1894. Soon after their marriage the young couple drove overland to Marion County, Arkansas, and en- gaged in farming there until the outbreak of the Civil War, when they again fitted up their conveyances and made a second overland jour- ney in search of a new home. After a short time spent in Illinois, they continued on their way until they reached a point in Kansas, opposite St. Joseph, Missouri, where they spent the win- ter of 1865 and in the spring of 1866 entered Cherokee County. Mr. Newton took up a
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claim of 160 acres in section 8, township 34, range 23, in Lyon township. The first summer in Kansas was spent in a tent, but by the time cold weather came on a cosy shanty of logs, 16 by 18 in dimensions, was ready for occupancy.
Those were busy days for all members of the pioneer family. The father managed to break his land the first summer, but this was only a small part of his work. The family was kept supplied with food as turkeys and prairie chickens were very plentiful and an occasional deer could be killed, but in order to get other supplies a week or 10 days was the shortest time that could be made in the round-trip jour- ney between his home and Carthage and Springfield, Missouri. He went as far as Fort Scott to get his meal ground and Kansas City was the nearest railroad center. When Mrs. Newton receives the government official at her door with her mail she can nof help recalling the days when a long trip to Baxter Springs had to be made, through almost a wilderness, to get the letters and papers. Mr. Newton was a good farmer and a very industrious man, and Mrs. Newton materially assisted by her cheerful bearing of hardships and contriving to make the family comfortable by those little expe- dients a tender mother alone knows.
The 10 children born to this marriage were : Seely Elizabeth (Mrs. Thornton), of Nevada, Missouri, who has five children; James Jasper, who died aged 21 years; Mrs. Maria Narcissa Dennis, of Cherokee County, who has two chil- dren ; Mrs. Pardee Turner, who has three chil- dren and resides on the homestead with her mother; Miranda Clementine (Mrs. C. E. Mar- lette), of this county; Solomon D., of this county, who has five children; Frances (Mrs. Willie Frank), of Cherokee County, who has five children ; William, of Cherokee County, who has two children ; Lulu, a successful teacher for the past 12 years, who lives at
home; and Mrs. Orpha McEwen, of Cherokee County.
Mrs. Newton has a happy, united family, the greater number of whom are settled near in homes of their own. She has 20 grandchil- dren and three great-grandchildren and they find much entertainment in the stories she can tell of the early days when Indians were her most frequent, if unwelcome, visitors.
Mr. Newton was a Democrat politically and fraternally was a Mason. He was a member of the Baptist Church and an honest, upright man, a devoted husband and a loving- father.
AMUEL LIFTON HURLBUT, one of the leading citizens of Pleasant View township, residing in section 24, township ^2, range 25, and the owner of 320 acres of land, was born in Mason County, Illinois, October 13, 1864, and is a son of Lewis G. and Matilda (Till) Hurlbut. The father of our subject was born in Con- necticut, not far from Hartford, and died in Pleasant View township, Cherokee County, Kansas, November 28. 1903, aged 78 years. By trade he was a machinist, which he followed in Pennsylvania and later in Illinois. In March, 1866, he removed his family to Kansas, taking up a claim of 160 acres in Pleasant View township, on which he lived until his death. For some years prior to this event, he lived re- tired and spent his time visiting with his chil- dren, passing his last eight years with a daugh- ter, Mrs. Henrietta Maxey, of Hamilton, On- tario. He was one of the oldest settlers of the township, and in his day, a man of much promi- nence. He married Matilda Till, and they reared five children, viz: Dexter M., of- Waco, Missouri ; Harry, of Vesta, Arkansas ; Charles M., of Pleasant View township; Henrietta, of
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Hamilton, Canada; and Samuel Lifton, of Pleasant View township. The parents were consistent members of the Christian Church.
Samuel Lifton Hurlbut was two years old when his parents came to Kansas, and he has a very vivid recollection of pioneer times in Cherokee County. He assisted in improving and cultivating the home farm of 160 acres until his marriage, and then bought a farm of 1 60 acres for himself. To this he later added 160 acres and continued to operate this large body of land until 1891, when he rented it and since then has been interested in land and emi- gration work for the Southern Pacific Railroad Company.
In 1879 Mr. Hurlbut married Effie May Flinckinger, who is a daughter of William and Eliza (Buchanan) Flinckinger, and they have three children : Elvin Millar Herbert, Edith Pearl, and Gladys Gwinne. Mrs. Hurlbut is a member of the Christian Church.
The father of Mrs. Hurlbut was born in Perry County, Pennsylvania, in October, 1825. He came to Kansas in young manhood and set- tled near Emporia, in Lyon County, where he still lives, occupying the claim which he staked out when he had no neighbors except Indians. He always remained friendly with the savages and found that they responded readily to kind- ness and were entitled to be as fully trusted as many of the white settlers. For some years he Avas engaged in freighting from Emporia to Colorado, and on many occasions he took part in buffalo hunts. As one of the representative men of the locality, he was elected to office, and served for a considerable period as county commissioner. In 1864 he married Eliza Ann Buchanan, and they had three children, of whom Mrs. Hurlbut is the only survivor.
The Buchanans were early settlers in Mis- souri, and Mrs. Hurlbut's grandparents were farming people on Spring River. There the maternal grandmother still lives, at the age of
87 years, strong and well, having survived all her children. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Hurlbut have flowing in their veins the blood of some of the best pioneer stock of this sec- tion.
Mr. Hurlbut has been the means of attract- ing much capital and many homeseekers to this section. He is one of the well known and much respected citizens. He belongs to Colum- bus Lodge, A. F. & A. M. ; the Modern Woo 1- men of America camp, of Carl Junction; an! the Anti Horse Thief Association.
EORGE STOSKOPF, one of the prominent citizens of Spring Val- ley township and the owner of a fine farm in section 18, 'township 35, range 24, is also one of the pioneers of Chero- kee County. He was born April 16, 18.36, about 15 miles from Strasburg, Alsace-Lor- raine, at that time a province of France, and is a son of Leonard and Salome (Voltz) Stos- kopf.
The father of our subject was born in 1792, in Alsace-Lorraine, and there followed the occu- pations of blacksmith and farmer. He married Salome Voltz, of the same locality, a daughter of John George Voltz, a large farmer and grain dealer. The eight children of this marriage were : Valentine, a blacksmith and wagon- maker of Freeport, Stephenson County, Illi- nois, for many years, who died there in 1892, the wealthiest man in the county at one time ; Catherine, who is the wife of George Miller, a farmer in Alsace-Lorraine; Margaret, who is the wife of John Mallo, of Alsace-Lorraine; Salome, deceased, who was the wife of John Karcher, of Stephenson County, Illinois, also deceased ; Andrew, who is a blacksmith of Freeport, Illinois ; George, of this sketch ; and Mary, who is the wife of John Bastian, of Ste- phenson County, Illinois.
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Leonard Stoskopf died in his native land in 1848 and his widow brought her children to America, locating at Freeport, Illinois, where she died in 1872, at the age of 75 years. She was a woman of great capacity and reared her family carefully and well.
Our subject attended school in his native land until the age of 14 years and then assisted his mother in the management of the home farm. In 1856 he came to America with his mother and spent four years engaged in farm- ing in Stephenson County, Illinois, and four years in Hancock County, Iowa. He then sold his Iowa farm and returned to Stephenson County where he engaged for three years in a fire insurance business, and then came to Cherokee County, Kansas. Mr. Stoskopf has since been engaged very successfully in farm- ing and stock-raising here and also cuts a large area of hay in the Indian Territory. His home farm consists of 142 acres well improved and under a fine state of cultivation and he owns another farm of 160 acres, equally well culti- vated.
On May 2, 1875, Mr. Stoskopf was united in marriage to Louise Niemeier, who is a daughter of William Niemeier, a farmer of the Indian Territory, and they have had six chil- dren, viz : Leonard, a farmer of Cherokee County, married Hilda Anderson and has two children, — Opal and Helen ; Mary Evalena, who married Alva D. Chubb, a farmer of the Indian Territory, and has one child, — James; Valentine, a farmer of the Indian Territory, who married Maud Paxon and has one child, — George; John, a farmer of Cherokee County, who married Ethel Chubb and has one child, — Pros John ; and William and Andrew, who live at home. The family belong to the Lutheran Church.
For the past five years, our subject has been a justice of the peace in Spring Valley town- ship. Politically, he is a Republican of long
standing. Fraternally, he is a Mason. Mr. Stoskopf is a man held in very high esteem and is a worthy representative of the men who have done so much for the agricultural and educa- tional development of Cherokee County.
p OB A. ROGERS, one of the pioneer set- tlers of Sheridan township, and one of its most highly respected men, died on his farm of 160 acres, situated in section 13, township 32, range 32, on Septem- ber 30, 1903. Mr. Rogers was born in London, England, April 23, 1825, and lived in that great metropolis until he was 21 years of age.
In 1846, after the death of his mother, Mr. Rogers accompanied his father and sisters to America. The family settled in Des Moines County, Iowa, and there Job learned the first principles of farming. Prior to this his work had been in the city fish markets, where he had acquired business methods but no knowledge of tilling the soil. He was pleased with the new mode of life, learned every detail of farming, and, at his death, was considered one of the best farmers of his township. After his mar- riage, Mr. Rogers and wife decided to seek a home on the beautiful rolling prairies of Cher- okee County, Kansas, and with their house- hold goods drove across the country and settled in Sheridan township. They found the coun- try wild and unimproved, but this they had ex- pected, and they cheerfully went to work to clear and improve their land and make a good home. In the course of time, through Mr. Rogers' industry and good management and his wife's assistance and encouragement, the 160- acre farm was all cleared and placed under cultivation, a comfortable dwelling sheltered them and barns and other necessary buildings were erected, fences made and shade trees and orchards set out. For many years Mr. Rogers
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successfully carried on general farming and stock-raising here, becoming one of the sub- stantial men of his township.
In Des Moines County, Iowa, November 29, 1854, Mr. Rogers was married to Martha E. Barnes, who was born February 29, 1838, and is a daughter of Uriah and Pauline (Barn- hill) Barnes. Her parents were natives of Kentucky, who went as pioneers to Indiana, and later settled in Des Moines County, Iowa. By trade Mr. Barnes was a carpenter. Both he and his wife died in Des Moines County, highly respected by all who knew them. Five of their eight children still survive. The four children of Mr. and Mrs. Rogers are : James, a carpen- ter by trade, residing at West Mineral, who married Sarah Goldie; Sarah, who married Nathan Spencer, and has nine children ; Mar- tha, who married James Groves, of Sheridan township, and has 10 children; and Robert, re- siding at West Mineral, who also follows his grandfather's trade, — he married Mollie Dun- can and has one son. All the children are com- fortably settled and are respected members of society.
Mr. Rogers was a very intelligent man and took an interest in public affairs, but would never consent to hold any office, although being a man of such reliable character, he was often approached on the subject. In political views he was a Republican. For many years he was a consistent member of the Baptist Church. He was well known and was highly esteemed. In his death, the community lost a good citizen, his neighbors a kind and helpful friend, and his family a devoted father and loving husband. He will long be recalled for his many virtues.
After the death of Mr. Rogers, Mrs. Rog- ers rented her farm and removed to West Min- eral, where she now resides. She has pleasant companionship here in the midst of her chil- dren and grandchildren, and, in the ease and comfort which now surround her, she can al-
most forget the hardships of her early days in Kansas. She is a worthy and valued member of the Baptist Church.
EWTON J. HALE, one of the highly respected retired farmers of Sheridan township, who owns 231 acres of good land situated in section 20, township 32, range 22, was born November 24, 1838, in Washington County, Illinois, and is a son of Meshech and Elizabeth (Maxwell) Hale.
The father of our subject was born in Tennessee, June 23, 1774, and the mother was also a native of Tennessee. They married in that State and then removed to Washington County, Illinois, and settled among the pio- neers there. They were farming people and owned considerable land. The father served as colonel of a regiment in the War of 181 2 and was a man of importance in his township after his return, filling a number of the local offices. He died April 4, 1848, and the mother also died in Washington County. Of their nine children, the two survivors are : Newton J., and his sister Louisa, who is the wife of Levi Rogers, of Webb City, Missouri. In religious faith they were members of the Baptist Church. Our subject attended the district schools, as opportunity offered, and grew up on his father's farm, trained to agricultural work. He followed the life of a farmer, in Illinois, until the fall of 1870, when he came to Cher- okee County, Kansas, and secured a farm of 120 acres in section 20, township ^2, range 22, in Sheridan township, and then returned to Illinois, where on November 9, 1871, he was married to Serena J. Justice, of Perry County, Illinois. This was a wild section of country when Mr. Hale brought his bride here, but both were stout-hearted and industrious and ere long a fair beginning had been made toward
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the evolution of what is now one of the most comfortable homes and best farms of the town- ship. The farm now includes 231 acres of fine land, producing wheat, oats, corn and hay, and sustaining horses, cattle and hogs in large numbers. For some time the labor of the farm has devolved upon Mr. Hale's sons, the time having come for him to take a well earned rest. Mr. and Mrs. Hale have four children : William B., a farmer of Sheridan township, who married Dora M. Gordon; James x\lfred, a farmer of Sheridan township, who married Iva M. Pickering; Matilda E., who married Albert Dunn, a farmer of Sheridan township; and Alva Otto, who is also engaged in farm- ing in Sheridan township, who married Kate Nolan. Mrs. Hale is a consistent member of the Baptist Church. In politics, Mr. Hale votes as his judgment dictates, putting the man before the party. He has never sought office but has always been ready to do his part in public mat- ters, has taken an interest in the schools and in having good public highways, but has believed in a judicious expenditure of the township finances so that all may be equally benefited. He is considered a man of excellent judgment and his advice is often asked. Both Mr. Hale and his estimable wife have worked hard and have passed through many trying times, but their lines now lie in peaceful paths. They are able to take great comfort in the prosperity of their children who have grown up to be respected members of the community, and they are surrounded by friends who hold them in the highest esteem.
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HARLES M. JONES, M. D. The medical men of Baxter Springs are a band of enlightened, progressive men, devoted to their noble profes- sion and representing the best citizenship of the section. Among these, Dr. Charles M.
Jones takes a leading position. He was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, December 5, 1859, and is a son of Dr. William B. and Sarah C. (Strahn) Jones.
Amnion Jones, grandfather of Dr. Jones, was born and educated in Virginia, where he was an old-time planter. He married Matilda Browning and they had issue as follows : Wil- liam B., Porter E., Commodore, Martha, Dor- cas and Alice. In 1867 Ammon Jones removed with his family to Richmond, Missouri, and there continued to farm until his death.
Dr. William B. Jones was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, completed his literary edu- cation there and went to Missouri prior to the removal of the family. He read medicine at St. Louis and was graduated there in 1879. He subsequently practiced at Richmond, Mis- souri; Holton, Kansas; Florence, Kansas; and finally came to Cherokee County. He engaged in practice for two years at Columbus and then located at Galena, where he still resides. He married Sarah C. Strahn, of Fleming County, Kentucky, and they had seven sons, namely : Charles M., of this sketch; W. S. and Clemuel H., both physicians in practice at Galena; Am- mon K., a blacksmith located at Joplin, Mis- souri ; W. Dudley, a passenger engineer in the employ of the "Frisco" system, running from Sapulpa to Paris, Indian Territory; William, residing with our subject; and Porter, of Galena.
Dr. Charles M. Jones was educated in the schools of Florence, Kansas, and was graduated from the high school at the age of 17 years. He then entered upon the study of medicine under his father and took his first examination in 1879, when but 19 years of age, too young to be permitted to practice. On February 10, 1880, he was granted a license to practice as a one year's student. In 1882 he returned to college, took his second course and was grad- uated February 23, 1883. After graduation,
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Dr. Jones practiced at Florence for 1 1 years and then removed to Fall River for five years and then located at Baxter Springs. Here his ability has been generally recognized and his practice is a large and lucrative one.
On May 30, 1880, Dr. Jones was married to Elva Ladue, of Florence, Kansas, who died July 6, 1884, the one son of this marriage liv- ing but one short year. In 1885 Dr. Jones married Fannie Cowgill, of Florence, Kansas, who at death left one daughter, — Bertha. In September, 1894, Dr. Jones was united in mar- riage with his present wife, formerly Ella Ash- will, of Fall River, Kansas.
Politically, he usually votes with the Demo- cratic party in national affairs, but is otherwise not affiliated. He was twice elected mayor of Fall River. Fraternally he is a member of the Masonic bodies; Order of the Eastern Star; Knights and Ladies of Security; and Modern Woodmen of America. He is a member of the Christian Church and has served as Sunday- school superintendent. Devoted to his profes- sion, he has scarcely permitted himself any re- laxation since taking up its duties. In 1901 he made a visit to St. Louis and took that occa- sion to enjoy a post-graduate course. Person- ally he is held in the highest esteem at Baxter Springs and professionally belongs to Cherokee County's eminent physicians.
AMES P. PENDERGRASS. Among the many worthy veterans of the Civil War who turned theeir faces Westward after their noble struggle for the old flag, was James P. Pendergrass, now and for long years one of the prominent farmers in Lola township, who resides on the northwest quarter of section 27, township 33, range 22. The subject of this sketch arrived in this county on October 1, 1866, after an over- land journey of 17 days from Illinois.
Mr. Pendergrass was born in Athens Coun- ty, Ohio, April 2, 1844. The death of his pa- rents when he was quite young caused him to be taken into the home of C. A. McNeil, and under the guiding care of that gentleman, which was all that could have been expected even from a parent, he grew to manhood. The family moved to Macoupin County, Illinois, in 1858. and it was there that Mr. Pendergrass watched the gathering of the storm cloud of war, which in 1 86 1, burst with such fury upon the country. His resolve to do his duty by the Union was made good when, in 1862, as a youth of 18 years, he shouldered his musket and went to the front as a member of Company I, 122nd Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., Col. John I. Rinaker commanding. This regiment was brigaded in the right wing of the 16th Army Corps, and saw service throughout the West, from the campaign in Missouri against Price, to the Spanish Fort engagement at Mobile. The sub- ject of this sketch was in service for three years, and participated in several hot engage- ments and numberless skirmishes. He re- members Tupelo, Mississippi, and the scenes of Mobile, most vividly. A prolonged attack of that soldier's affliction, the measles, kept him away from his regiment while it helped to chase Price out of Missouri ; but with this ex- ception he was under arms during the entire period of service, and received an honorable discharge at Carlinville, Illinois.
After reaching home, Mr. Pendergrass made a lengthy visit to Ohio relatives. On re- turning to Illinois, he found that a brother of the gentleman in whose home he had been reared was about to move to the "Sunflower State," and he at once resolved to accompany him. Upon his arrival in the county he entered the quarter where he now resides, and im- mediately began its operation. During the first year he hired help to break 10 acres, at $4 per acre, and put up a log house, 14 by 18 feet,
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in dimensions. The first year or two he worked away from the claim a great deal, doing team- ing, as most of the supplies for the settlers had to be brought from trading points in Missouri. The country was, of course, sparsely settled. There were but three or four houses in Oswe- go, in Labette County, and a few shacks scat- tered about on the prairie. Game was plenty, consisting of deer, prairie chickens and turkeys ; there were many wild cats. Mr. Pendergrass soon established a reputation as a crack shot, and he and his chum, Charles Jackson, soon had the record of champion deer hunters.
But those days rapidly passed away. Set- lers became more numerous and game grew scarce and shy. Evidences of civilization be- gan to present themselves everywhere, and the adventures of the pioneer were soon a thing of the past. Mr. Pendergrass, after two years of bachelorhood, took unto himself a wife, and began in earnest the work of perfecting his home. Trees were planted," and shacks gave way to substantial buildings. The log house served until about 1881, when the present com- fortable farm house was erected. It is little wonder that the early settler only parts with his first farm under necessity, as it represents years and years of hard labor and thoughtful care. Indeed, it comes to be looked upon al- most as one of the children, whom he has nursed from a puny infant to a lusty maturity. Mr. Pendergrass expects to spend his days on the handsome farm property which stands as the result of his life's work, where he is surrounded by old friends and neighbors, who love and respect him for his true worth.
The father of the subject of this sketch was James P. Pendergrass, a carpenter and stone- mason by trade. He died while still in middle life. He married Mary Ann Buckston, of Eng- lish parentage, but a native of Ohio. Eight of the 13 children born to these parents lived to maturity, as follows : Catherine, the eldest
daughter, who died in early womanhood ; Ed- ward, the eldest son, deceased about three years ago, who was a veteran of the Civil War, having enlisted in 1861 in the 1st Reg., Ohio Vol. Cav. ; Franklin H., who resides at Shef- field, Missouri ; Maria, who is married and lives in Ohio ; Mrs. Marinda Crocket, of Neosho County, Kansas ; James P. ; Joel, of Pike County, Ohio; and Mrs. Mary Peterson, of Neosho County, Kansas.
As stated, Mr. Pendergrass married as soon after coming to Cherokee County as he could get things in what he considered proper shape, that event occurring in 1868. The maiden name of his wife was Rachel Mattocks. She was born July 19, 1842, in Missouri, and was a daughter of John G. and Elizabeth (Pitney) Mattocks. She proved an excellent helpmeet to her husband, and a kind and loving mother to their five children. She died September 22, 1903. Of the children, John F., born February 15, 1869, died December 11, 1877; Mrs. Mary E. Ballenger, born June 3, 1871, died January 11, 1892; Charles, born October 22, 1872, died August 22, 1873; Martha E., the youngest daughter, who is the wife of Maiden E. McKee, and who resides with Air. Pendergrass, to- gether with her husband and little daughter, Rachel Edith; and James J., the youngest son, a railroad fireman, living in Monett, Missouri, who married Tillie Martin, and has two chil- dren,—Lela and Charles.
In speaking of the life which Mr. Pender- grass has lived in Cherokee County, strong words of commendation may be used. His in- fluence has ever been thrown on the side of right, and during the earlier days, when men of strong moral character were needed to com- bat the evil influence of the rough characters who found it unhealthy to live in the more crowded sections of the country, he was a tower of strength in upholding the law and the rights of citizens.
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In his political belief, the subject of this sketch leans toward Republicanism. He joined the Union Baptist Church in early manhood, but later transferred his membership to the Christian Church, and this organization has received liberal support from him, financially and otherwise. Mr. Pendergrass is a worthy member of the G. A. R.. and was one of the organizers of the A. H. T. A.
OODFORD A. WARD, M. D. The medical profession of Chero- kee County will compare favorably with that of any other county in the State. In it are a number of practitioners who have established reputations for skill in particular lines which are of State-wide pub- licity. At Hallowell the biographer found in the gentleman mentioned above a young phy- sician whose success in the treatment of the respiratory organs, and notably of the dreaded disease of consumption, has been of such a char- acter as to attract attention all over the West. Dr. Ward was reared in the county, but is a native of Indiana, having been born in La Grange Center, La Grange County, September i, 1861.
In his early childhood the subject of this sketch accompanied his parents to Nebraska, where they resided about two years in Richard- son County, and thence went to Andrew County, Missouri. In May, 1873, the family settled in Cherokee County, Kansas, where Dr. Ward received the greater part of his boyhood's mental training in the common schools of Sher- man City. The earlier portion of his young manhood was spent in travel. He learned the paper-hanger's trade, and being apt at other occupations did not find it difficult to get work wherever he might be. This fact, together with a desire to see the world, led him to take a trip
over the Pacific Coast region. He was gone about six years, covering the entire coast to British Columbia, and many of the Rocky Mountain States. Upon his return he con- ceived the idea of becoming a physician. He was, however, without money to pursue a course of training. Nothing daunted, he began saving his earnings, and in 1887 was able to enter the Northwestern Medical College at St. Joseph, Missouri, and took his degree of M. D. in that institution in 1890.
Selecting as a field for practice the home of his youth, Dr. Ward came to Hallowell, where he has had a most marvelous success, and has built up a practice limited only by his physical power to give it attention. He was early at- tracted to the pathology of the respiratory or- gans, in view of the alarming prevalence of con- sumption, and his researches in this direction have been such as to bring him great success in the treatment of the dread disease. He has a record of having cured 75 out of 100 cases he has had under treatment, and so great is his fame that patients come to him from all parts of the West. For the treatment of dis- ease. Dr. Ward's office is finely equipped with all the latest discoveries known to medical sci- ence,— galvanic batteries, an X-ray machine, ozone, etc.
Our subject's brother, Dr. William H. Ward, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, Jan- uary 2"], 1828. His people were of English descent, coming to Pennsylvania in early colo- nial days. He was a graduate of the medical department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and practiced at different points in Ohio and the West, notably in Andrew County, Missouri. He spent some time in California in the gold fields when a young man, going overland and returning by way of the Isthmus of Panama. He suffered death by burning while on a trip to Oregon, May 27, 1903. His wife was Parmelia A. Randolph, a native of
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Wheeling, West Virginia, who survives him at the age of 66 years. Their family consisted of four children, as follows : John, the eldest, who is deceased; Woodford A.; William H., who resides in Hallowell ; and Nellie, who is deceased.
Dr. Ward is living with his second wife. Her maiden name was Madge G. Oglesby and she is a native of Missouri. His first wife was Eva L. Hazelton, a native of Illinois, and their marriage took place July 13, 1892. She died April 28, 1901, at 29 years of age, leaving a little son, — Don Carlos.
A courteous and agreeable gentleman, an astute and studious student of his profession, and a high minded Christian citizen, Dr. Ward holds the respect and esteem of the whole coun- try about Hallowell, and wherever he is known throughout Cherokee County.
HARLES L. MOLL, who has been a successful mine operator in Cherokee County for many years, is superin- tendent of the Merger Mining Com- pany. He has lived in the city of Galena since 1866, and is the pioneer living citizen at the present time. He was born in St. Louis, Mis- souri, September 16, 1852, and is a son of Egidious and Barbara (Hunt) Moll, both na- tives of Baden, Germany.
Egidious Moll, whose father was an officer of high rank in the German Army, came to the United States at the age of 10 years with his parents, who located in Buffalo, New York. His wife was three years old when she came over with her parents. With his parents, Egid- ious Moll removed to Perry County, Missouri, and there he followed farming during his early life and engaged in the mercantile business. In 1863 he located in Johnson County, Kansas, and farmed until 1866 when he came to Chero-
kee County, locating upon the quarter section which is included in the town-site of Galena. He farmed this tract until 1877, when he sold what is now known as the property of the Ga- lena Lead & Zinc Company and thereafter lived in retirement until his death in 1890. He was married in Perry County, Missouri, to Barbara Hunt, whose relatives died in one night during an epidemic of cholera, the house being burned and all family records destroyed. Of the five children born to them, two died in infancy and three survive, namely: William Henry, who married his cousin, Emma Moll, and resides on a farm in Johnson County, Kansas; Charles L. ; and J. E., who married Ida Effinger and re- sides on a farm in Johnson County.
Charles L. Moll was reared on his father's farm and when 14 years of age accompanied them to Cherokee County. He received his educational training in the public schools and lived on the home farm until it was sold, with the exception of three years spent in the livery business. He has since been continuously en- gaged in mining and has attained a high de- gree of success. He began at the lowest step as a miner and worked his way up until he had supervision of the interests of large mining companies. He was president of the Moll- Reid Paint Company, and at different times superintendent of the Cripple Creek Mining Company, the Pittsburg Mining Company; the M. & F. Mining Company ; the Merger Mining Company, and many other smaller companies. At the present time he is superin- tendent of the M. & F. Mining Company, which has large interests and a prosperous business. Mr. Moll is a member of the Commercial Club of Galena, and one of that city's public spirited business men.
In September, 1876, Mr. Moll was united in marriage with Nancy E. Casebeer, a daugh- ter of Miles and Elizabeth Casebeer of Iowa. She died in 1890, having given birth to nine
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children, six of whom are living, namely : John, who married Nettie Dorris, and lives at Galena; Irene Belle (Dillon), who lives at Ga- lena; T. C, of Galena, who married Bertha Dorris; David O., who is in the United States Army and is in the service in the Philippine Islands ; and Henry and Arthur, who both live at home. These children have all received good educational training and are useful citizens. In 1891, our subject formed a second union, mar- rying Mollie Baxter, who is a native of Holton, Kansas.
ENRY H. HARPER was born in Marion County, Missouri, June 9, 1843, and made his home there until after the war. In 1871, with his wife and child, he drove to Kansas in a wagon, and after many and varied experiences arrived at his destination, where he purchased 80 acres of "Joy" land from the railroad in section 12, township 33, range 22, in Lola township. There were only a few pole houses in the vicinity and between his farm and Columbus. The country being so new, there were no roads, and when starting out across the prairie, one could take any direction, or make a short cut, to suit his convenience. Rattlesnakes abounded and Mr. Harper killed numbers of them. Out in this seeming wilderness of prairie, a box house, 12 by 14 feet in size, was erected, and the fam- ily took possession, glad to leave the camp life in the wagon, and be in more comfortable quar- ters. Here they lived until 10 years ago, when the new dwelling, a substantial farm house, was completed, and they moved once more, this time into the comfortable home where they now reside. Good outbuildings and fences here be- speak the thrifty farmer.
Columbus was a convenient market, and there also the farmers got their mail. - One drawback was experienced in the chills and ma-
larial fever that were prevalent, and the family, with the exception of Mr. Harper, suffered in consequence.
During the war Mr. Harper saw active ser- vice as a member of the 1st Reg., Missouri Na- tional Guards, in which he enlisted in Lewis County. He served under many prominent leaders, among them being Col. Moses E. Green, and Lieut. -Col. Joseph Porter, of the Confed- eracy. He was in many skirmishes, the most important being at Athens and Lexing- ton, Missouri, under General Price. After the battle of Pea Ridge, he was discharged on ac- count of ill health. One of his experiences dur- ing the war was a two-months' imprisonment in a Federal prison in St. Louis, with three others; he escaped by jumping from an upper window. After the war he spent some time in Quincy, Illinois, before migrating to Kansas.
Mr. Harper is a member of the Christian Church and is active in church work. In poli- tics, he was a follower of Cleveland, and later has been a champion of Bryan. He served two terms as deputy sheriff under J. C. Babb.
The Harpers, who are of English descent, came to America in colonial times. The grand- father of Mr. Harper was a slaveholder, and at one time sold 10 slaves in order to pay a secur- ity debt. He died one year, after going to Mis- souri, leaving a widow and 14 children, and many slaves. The grandmother died in Ouincy, Illinois, during the Civil War, at the age of 90. She was born in North Carolina, was of German descent, and became one of Kentucky's pioneers. Among her varied ex- periences was that of flying to forts for refuge when the Indians made their raids. At one time, in company with a sister, she was captured and held seven years by the Indians.
George Washington Harper, the father of Henry H., was a native of Bourbon County, Kentucky, where he died at the age of 67 years. He was a veteran of the "Florida War,"
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where one of the greatest battles against the Indians was fought, and many brave officers were killed. Missouri found him among her settlers when she entered the Union as a State. The mother of Henry H. Harper, Martha Gas- saway, was born in Kentucky, between Lex- ington and Frankfort, and was the youngest of a large family of children. She died in Lewis County, Missouri, at the age of 55 years. She had seven children, four of whom lived to ma- turity, namely : Henry H. ; William, of East St. Louis, Ilinois; Mrs. Mary A. Zimmerman, of Lewis County, Missouri; and George W., who died at Hot Springs, Arkansas. George W. Harper was principal of schools at Galena, Kansas, for many years.
On February 21, 1864, Henry H. Harper was married to Mary E. Rardon, a native of Missouri, who died there July 16, 1865, leaving one child, Mrs. Lizzie Lee, of Hannibal, Mis- souri. The children of a second marriage, in 1869, to Arminda Blair, of Missouri, are George, who resides at home, is married and has one child; and Martha A. and Mary W., also living at home.
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COLES. One of the leading spirits of Galena and a gentleman who is fast becoming prominent in the county is Police Judge Coles. The high character which he has sustained since coming to the county in 1895 has made him a popular resident of his city and early brought him preferment in public office, the conduct of which is eminently satisfactory to his con- stituents.
Judge Coles is an Iowan, born in Des Moines County in 1838, the son of Robert and Lydia (Hunt) Coles. His father was for years a prominent Methodist preacher. Locating in Iowa in the territorial days, he became a leading factor in the events which preceded
the birth of that State into the Union. In his later days he was a merchant in that State. Our subject's parents reared to maturity a fam- ily of six sons and two daughters, six of them being still in life.
Judge Coles passed the period of child- hood and youth in a home, the atmosphere of which was permeated with religious feeling and fervor and where education was held in high regard. As he came to manhood he received a good business training in his father's store and was thus well fitted to take up the responsi- bilities of life on his own account when he arrived at maturity. He had hardly got down to the serious business of life, however, when that great event occurred which changed the lives and plans of so many young men of that day — the Civil War. At the full maturity of his powers some time before the war came on, he had settled in his own mind the course he would take and at once joined the army, becom- ing a member of the 13th Regiment, Iowa Vol. Inf., of which Col. (afterward Maj. Gen.) M. M. Crocker was commander. Judge Coles served his time with this organization, being discharged with the rank of 1st lieutenant of his company.
Returning from the war, Judge Coles spent seven years in California. Returning East, to Missouri, he soon thereafter became connected with the "Frisco" railroad system and was with it for a period of 18 years. He came to Cher- okee County, Kansas, in June, 1895, since which time he has been intimately connected with affairs in the county. He received the ap- pointment to his present office in November, 1902, and so satisfactory was his administra- tion of the office during the remainder of the term as to secure him election in 1903. Judge Coles is a stanch Democrat and is a prominent figure in the councils of that party in the county. He is well up in Masonic circles, hav- ing taken all the degrees of the York rite.
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In the State of Missouri in the year 1879, Judge Coles was happily united in marriage to Lucy Hunt, who has borne him four children, three of whom are living, as follows : Robert A., Lydia P. and Clarence B., all of whom are still inmates of the parental home.
OLOMON RYAN, one of the oldest residents of Lowell township, Cher- okee County, living in section 9, town- ship 34, range 25, and owning 400 acres of land in the township, is also a veteran of the Civil War and one of the most highly esteemed citizens of this section of country. Mr. Ryan was born in 1840, in New Brunswick, and is a son of Henry and Mary (Blakeny) Ryan.
Both parents of Mr. Ryan were born in New Brunswick, where the father followed farming until 1855, when he removed to Bureau County, Illinois, and spent two years, and in the fall of 1857 removed to Coffey County, Kansas. After farming there for nine years, he came to Cherokee County and in 1866 set- tled in Lowell township, on Spring River, where he started a ferry in 1 867 and continued to operate it for a number of years, greatly to the convenience of the public. Old letters and local histories have mention of this ferry as it became a general stopping place for travelers, many families camping near by for a rest be- fore penetrating farther into the Indian coun- try. The Indians were still very numerous here, but Mr. Ryan and his family soon estab- lished friendly relations and our subject can recall his father going out with them to spear and even shoot fish, which at that time filled the various streams. He also accompanied them to hunt deer and other game, and with them as companions spent many days in the hunt. Mr. Ryan bought an Indian "Headright," which
property adjoins our subject's farm. He con- tinued to operate his ferry long after Galena was founded. His wife died on the farm on Short Creek, in 1875, and his death took place in October, 1S86. Of their nine children, four grew to maturity, but the only survivors are our esteemed subject and his sister, — Martha, wife of William Stephenson, of Galena.
Our subject was the oldest member of the family and attended school in Illinois and in Coffey County, Kansas, and assisted his father in his farming. The call to arms, in 1861, found him ready to respond and in the fall of that year he enlisted in the 6th Regiment, Kan- sas Vol. Inf., being later transferred to the 8th Regiment Kansas Vol. Inf., and served three years in this regiment and one year as a veteran in Hancock's Veteran Corps. Mr. Ryan in his four years of army service saw hard work and participated in many battles and assisted in the triumphs on many fields. Under Capt. (later Col.) John Conover, he took part in the Atlanta campaign and belonged to one of the first regiments to enter the Southern city. Miraculously preserved through these adven- turous four years, he was honorably discharged in the spring of 1866.
The family now removed to Cherokee County and became identified with the interests of Lowell township. Our subject made a first purchase of 80 acres and now owns 400 acres in Lowell township, 200 in Linn County and an interest in 126 acres in Bourbon County on which two gas wells and two oil wells have been developed. In 1897 he purchased a flour- ing mill at Lowell, which he operated seven years when he sold out. In Lowell township, his land is situated in sections 16, 9 and 15, township 34, range 25. In 190 1 he erected a fine modern residence in section 9, one of the most comfortable and attractive ones of the township. When he first located here, the mat- ter of transportation was a very serious ques-
HON. EDWARD E. SAPP
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tion and the present excellent public highways and fine bridges have been constructed mainly through his continued efforts. To his public spirit many of the improvements of Lowell township are due and he is justly considered one of the representative men of this locality. One of the most successful farmers, he is also one of the most prominent township officials, hav- ing served for a number of years as township treasurer and as school treasurer of District No. 28, and has been a school officer for the past 28 years. During the first winter after settling in Lowell township, our subject and his father built the first subscription school house in this locality and the father served many years as a school director. Both father and son have been men whose advice and assist- ance have been of the greatest value to the community.
Our subject was married in 1876 to Maggie Welch, who was born in Indiana, and is a daughter of Patrick Welch, who, with his wife, resides in Texas. Eleven children were born to this marriage, namely : Lillian May, who married Charles Esterbrook, of Lexington, Missouri, and has one son, — Otto; George and Minnie, who are at home; Lenora Belle, who is a graduate of the Columbus High School and the Sedalia Business College, and a very accomplished young lady; Emily, who is at home; Charles and Edward (twins), both of whom are in the United States Navy; Frede- rick and John, who are at home; Clara, who died on Christmas Eve, 1900, aged four years; and Elsie.
There still remain traces in this section of the days when it was the home of the aborigines. One of these is a historic spot, an Indian grave- yard, in one of Mr. Ryan's pasture lots. Mr. Ryan's father purchased the claim from a well known Indian named Morgam, who was well known in Cherokee County and was a son of an Osage chief. In the early days Mr. Ryan
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has attended the Indian dances and his recollec- tions of the conditions in those days are in- tensely interesting. He belonged to a branch of the Land League which was organized by Frank McDowell and took an active part in many of the exciting conflicts between the League and the railroads.
Out of all those early troubles have come forth civilized conditions not to be excelled in the Middle West, and Mr. Ryan is a type of the class of resolute, earnest men whose labors have brought prosperity, comfort and security to this beautiful part of Kansas.
ON. EDWARD E. SAPP, an attorney and ex-Probate judge and ex-judge of the Court of Common Pleas, whose portrait is shown on the opposite page, is one of the large capitalists and leading citizens of Galena. He was born at Jackson, Michigan, July 12, 1858, and is a son of Rev. Rezin and Margaret (Peyreferry) Sapp.
Judge Sapp was educated in the schools at Grand Rapids, Michigan, where his father was a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church. When he came to Kansas, he spent some time herding cattle in the eastern part of the State. Later he located in Cherokee County and stud- ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1883. In January of the following year he removed to Galena and entered into partnership with his brother, W. F. Sapp, under the firm name of Sapp & Sapp, which continued until 1886. He then continued alone until 1891 when he en- tered into partnership with George Webb, under the firm style of Webb & Sapp, which continued from 1891 to 1896, when he was elected Probate judge. After holding the office three years, he resigned in the middle of his second term, and was then honored by elec- tion as judge of the Court of Common Pleas
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for Cherokee and Crawford counties, and con- tinued in this responsible position until 1900. Since July 5, 1904, Judge Sapp has been the senior member of the law firm of Sapp & Brown, having offices in the Opera House Block, which he erected in 1900. This firm has the most expensively furnished offices in the county, the suite consisting of public and private offices and a library of several thousand volumes.
The city of Galena has profited greatly by Judge Sapp's public spirit. It now has an Opera House of which it may be very proud, the seating capacity being 900, having a gallery and parquet circle and a stage with dimensions of 47 by 36 feet. All the equipments are mod- ern throughout and it compares favorably with like structures in much larger cities.
Judge Sapp was married in 1885, at Ga- lena, to Mary E. Andrews, who was born in New York, and they have three children : Dex- ter, Thomas and Viva. The family home is an elegant residence on Galena avenue and the family take part in the social life of the city.
Politically, Judge Sapp is one of the lead- ing Democrats of Cherokee County. He served as city attorney from 1885 to 1892 and again, from 1901 to 1903. His professional standing, either at the bar or on the bench, cannot be assailed. He served his fellow citizens for many years in high positions, with the justice, fairness and dignity which reflects upon him the greatest credit, both as an upright exponent of the law and as a man of high personal aims and character.
H. D. BROWN, who has been a resident of Galena since 1877, has been identified with the mining business for many years and has attained considerable success. He is a native
of New York City, where he was born July 7, 1830, and is a son of Thomas and Annie (Gol- den) Brown. His father was born in France and died in New York City in 1851. His mother was born in New York City and died there in 1853. They were parents of six sons and four daughters, of whom W. H. D. Brown was the third in order of birth.
W. H. D. Brown was educated in the pub- lic schools of New York City, and at the age of 18 years learned the trade of a machinist, which he followed for four years. He then ran as engineer on the old New York & Erie Railroad, which was equipped with the old six-foot guage. He took up the study of medi- cine and was graduated from the St. Louis Medical College in 1857, after which he en- gaged in the drug business in St. Louis. In 1 86 1 he enlisted as steward in the hospital serv- ice of the regular army and served for three years, a part of the time as surgeon. At the close of the war, he engaged in the oil business in Pennsylvania, then returned to Missouri, where he practiced medicine and served as post- master of the town where he lived during the administration of President Grant, the mail at that time being carried on horseback. Joplin. was at that time known as Blytheville. Upon the expiration of his term in office, he farmed near Harrisonville for a year, then went to Oronogo, Missouri, where he held a position as stationary engineer. He came to Galena, Kansas, during the great lead excitement in 1877, and has worked at mining ever since. He has been identified with the South Side Mining Company since 1888, and is now sec- retary of the company.
Mr. Brown was married in St. Louis to Margaret Russell, a native of Scotland, and they are the parents of the following children : William, who married Mamie Boden and lives at Galena; Margaret, wife of W. A. Potter, of Joplin, Missouri ; George, who is unmarried ;
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and Ora, wife of George F. Braun, of Galena. Mr. Brown served 16 years on the School Board and in the Council one year and has also worked for the good of the city. He is a mem- ber of the Grand Army of the Republic, and of the Elks. He resides with his family at No. 1 10 Galena avenue.
C. BAKER, a farmer and stock dealer of Cherokee County, who owns 320 acres of good land, situated in Lowell and Shawnee townships, re- sides on that portion of his property that lies in section 16, township — , range — , in Lowell township. He was born in Ohio in June, 1852, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Sebert) Baker. John Baker was born near Columbus, Ohio, while Mrs. Baker was born in Maryland. The father of our subject was a railroad contractor in his early days, but later engaged in farming. In 1872 he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and settled in Lowell town- ship, in section 16, township 34, range 25, where he purchased 80 acres of farming land, 10 of which had been already broken and a log house built on it. At that time the land was of so little value that Mr. Baker obtained it on a trade for a mule and a buggy and har- ness. This land he rented out and rented our subject's present farm, which the latter bought on the father's death. After ore was discovered on his farm, Mr. Baker took out $2,000 royalty and spent a large amount in the building of a shaft. About one and a half years later, he sold the property for $10,000. The mine is known as "Baker's Diggings" and is located on South and East Main streets, Galena. Mr. Baker became a prominent citizen of the min- ing town and was elected a justice of the peace, in which capacity he served until his death in 1883. His family consisted of two daughters
and three sons, the two survivors being the two oldest sons, — our subject and his brother John P., of Galena.
C. C. Baker was educated in the district schools of his native place and was reared a farmer. He has resided on his present farm since 1872, and has mainly devoted his at- tention to raising thoroughbred horses, and buying and shipping horses and mules. Since 1880 he has been almost exclusively en- gaged in buying and selling stock, handling only good grades, shipping east and west. He owns the old Leslie farm of 120 acres, which is partly located in Shawnee township, and 40 acres lying east of his home farm, and he rents a claim in the Indian Territory where he keeps his fine trotting stock. He is well known all over this section and does a very extensive business.
Mr. Baker married Mary Ann Wilder, who was reared in Cherokee County, and they have three children: Campbell C, aged 10 years; Lester C, aged six years; and Grace, aged two years.
Politically Mr. Baker is a Democrat. He is one of the representative citizens of this locality, is serving as clerk of the school dis- trict and takes an active part in local affairs.
ARRISON ANKRUM, one of the substantial and prosperous farmers of Pleasant View township, lives on a farm of 320 acres in section 26, town- ship 31, range 25. He was born in Vermilion County, Illinois, and is a son of David Ankrum, a native of Virginia, who died in Illinois. The family numbered nine children. Those living are : John, whose home is in Iowa ; Wesley, living in Pleasant View township; David, liv- ing in Iowa ; and Harrison, the subject of this sketch.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
David Ankrum's occupation was that of a farmer, although in early life, he was a hand- weaver. Many beautiful, old-fashioned articles has his loom turned out, and fortunate indeed is the possessor of one of these durable pieces of hand-made goods. Such a valuable relic, in the form of a coverlet is the property of the subject of this sketch, and it is needless to say that it is highly prized by the family as an heirloom.
Harrison Ankrum came to Kansas in 1868, and located on 160 acres of raw prairie land, which is now owned and occupied by his brother. The farm now occupied by Mr. An- krum comprises 320 acres of improved land, with a fine set of farm buildings, including a nice house, barn, granary, etc., which were erected at different times. As a farmer, he has been very successful. Most of his present farm is rented out, Mr. Ankrum working only a small part of it.
In 1895 tne subject of this sketch married India Manifold, a native of Hagerstown, Wayne County, Indiana. They have had one child, Charles Clifford, who was born on the old homestead in Pleasant View township, De- cember 27, 1896.
Mrs. Ankrum is a daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth Manifold, both of whom are living. Joseph Manifold, the father of Samuel, was a native of Tennessee, and died in Indiana in 1849, at llle aSe OI 62 years. His wife, Susan Butler, a daughter of Beale Butler, of Georgia, was born in the last named State, and died in Indiana in 1861, at the age of 60 years. Of the 10 children comprising this family of seven boys and three girls, but four are living, namely : Beale, who is 82 years of age, and lives in Kansas ; and Joseph, 74 years old, whose borne is in Indiana ; Samuel, father of Harri- son Ankrum's wife, living in Kansas; and Moses, of Missouri, aged 56 years. Mrs. An- krum's maternal grandfather was Charles Con-
way, a native of Kentucky, and a son of Richard Conway, who lived to the advanced age of 100 years.
The marriage of Samuel Manifold and Elizabeth Conway, a daughter of Charles and Malinda (Shaw) Conway, occurred in i860. Two of the three children born to them are living, namely : Charles F., who was born in Wayne County, Indiana, resides in Cass Coun- ty, Missouri, and married Frances E. Gille- land ; and India, wife of Mr. Ankrum. Having heard of a prosperous place called "State Line City," in the far West, Mrs. Aukrum's parents decided to make that the objective point in their journey Westward from Indiana. On September 20, 1869, they started in a spring wagon drawn by a good team of horses, and having pleasant weather and no serious acci- dents, made the trip in 28 days. On their ar- rival they found, very much to their disap- pointment, that the "city" contained only three houses, and one family, by the name of Davis. This family by their kindness and good will persuaded them to stay there through the win- ter. When spring came they located on 160 acres in section 25, township 31, range 25, in Pleasant View township, where they are now residing.
RA HEATON, one of the leading mem- bers of the Cherokee County Bar, and one of the early settlers of Columbus, was born near Peru, Miami County, Indiana, on the Miami Indian Reservation, August 26, 1856.
The parents of Mr. Heaton were not able to give him educational advantages, or assist- ance in the shaping of his career. His school days ended at the age of 12 years, and when he was 16 years old he left Indiana, and came to Kansas, reaching Humboldt on October 10,
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1872. Going still farther West in search of em- ployment, he stopped at what was then known as Howard, Kansas, and lived there until No- vember, 1876, when he went to Fayetteville, Arkansas. There he lived until the fall of 1879, when he came to Columbus, where he has resided ever since.
Mr. Heaton has no trouble in recalling con- ditions at that time. The city was then, as now, the county seat, but there was not one well settled farm in Cherokee County. All the fine rural residences, with their great barns and many improvements, have been placed here since 1879. In the present busy city, there were but three buildings of note on the public square, which is now the pride of its citizens, the others being merely frame structures which have since been destroyed by fire, or replaced by those more in keeping with modern ideas and public progress. When Mr. Heaton came to the county there were but two coal shafts. One of these belonged to the Scammon broth- ers, and was located at what is now Scammon ; and the other, at what was then known as Stillson, one mile south of Scammon, which was owned and operated by Gilbert Allen. Soon afterward Keith & Perry started in the coal business and other companies in that line rapidly formed.
In 1884, Mr. Heaton entered the office of Ritter & Skidmore and took up the study of the law. He was admitted to practice in June, 1889, and has successfully followed his pro- fession ever since.
Mr. Heaton was married September 1, 1878, to Calzonia Peck. They have had seven children, all except the eldest daughter being born at Columbus. This daughter is the wife of Harry B. Price, editor and proprietor of the Harrison Herald, a stanch Republican paper at Gotebo, Oklahoma. One son is a brakeman on the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway ; H. C, lives in Oklahoma, at Gotebo; and
Gertrude and Mary reside at home. Clarence and another son died in infancy.
Politically, Mr. Heaton is a very active and zealous Republican. He supports the adminis- tration, and believes in the gold standard, and a high protective tariff. Fraternally, he is a Knight of Pythias.
N. JOHNSON, M. D., a physician and surgeon at Columbus, has been identified with the interests of this city and of Cherokee County since 1887. Dr. Johnson was born near St. Louis, Missouri, in 1853, and is a son of P. B. and Rebecca (Patton) Johnson.
The late P. B. Johnson, father of Dr. John- son, was born near Richmond, Virginia, and settled in 1833, 'n Missouri, where he followed the trade of saddle and harness-making. He resided in different parts of the State and died in 1895, at the age of 89 years. He is sur- vived by his widow, who lives in Columbus, in her 80th year, her son, W. N., and two daugh- ters,— Mrs. Louisa Coxie and Mrs. Mary Miller, both of Columbus.
Dr. Johnson was reared in his native State, where he attended the common schools, and spent some early years on the farm. All his spare time was devoted to the reading of medi- cal works, his important study being done under the direction of Dr. A. M. Davy, with whom and other physicians he was associated, when beginning to practice in 1884. In 1887 he located in Crestline, Cherokee County, and in 1895 removed to Columbus. He continued to practice alone until May 1, 1904, when he formed a partnership with Dr. J. Dale Graham, the firm name being Johnson & Graham. Dr. Johnson attended the College of Physicians and Surgeons at St. Louis, and received his diploma in 1894 at the Kentucky School of Medicine at Louisville, Kentucky.
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Dr. Johnson has a large and lucrative prac- tice and has successfully handled many very serious cases. His skill, knowledge and faith- ful devotion to those in need of his services, have won him universal regard. He belongs to the Cherokee County Medical Society, the Southeastern Kansas Medical Society and the Kansas State Medical Society.
Dr. Johnson was married in Cherokee County to Mamie Patterson, who was born in North Carolina, of Virginia parentage. The four children of this marriage were all born in Cherokee County, namely : Sadie, Nelson, Margaret and Robert.
Dr. Johnson's fraternal associations are with the Elks and the Triple Tie. He is con- veniently located over Gettman & Prame's drug store, off the public square.
C. JOHNSON, who owns a fine farm of 179 acres in section 24, township 33, range 23, in Salamanca town- ship, was born in 1836 in Monroe County, Virginia, now West Virginia, and is a son of Jacob and Sarah Jane (Morris) Johnson.
Both the Johnson and Morris families are of Scotch extraction, and both are old and honored names in several States, particularly Virginia. An uncle of Mr. Johnson, Achalas Morris, set- tled in Illinois and at one time was an opponent of Abraham Lincoln for a seat in the Illinois Legislature. Jacob and Sarah Jane (Mor- ris) Johnson removed to Illinois in the fall of 1859. locating in McLean County, near Bloomington, where our subject's father be- came a prosperous farmer and stockman. He served with the rank of captain in the Black Hawk War. His death took place in 1879, at the age of 88 years, and that of his wife, in 1866, at the age of 66 years. They reared 12
of their 14 children to maturity, and six still survive, all being residents of Illinois except the subject of this sketch, a sister living in Kansas City, and a brother residing at Coving- ton, Kentucky.
A. C. Johnson grew to manhood in Illinois and as his father was in comfortable circum- stances, was afforded the advantage of an ex- cellent education, including a collegiate course at the Wesleyan University at Bloomington, where he remained until within three months of graduation. In that institution he had some noted schoolmates, including Bishop Hartzell, who is now in Africa, and Ex-Governor Fifer, of Illinois. After leaving school, he was en- gaged in farming and stock-raising in McLean County until the fall of 1892, when he removed to Chicago and embarked in the shoe business, at one time having three stores under his con- trol. In 1895 he came to Cherokee County and located in his present home, which was form- erly the property of a Mr. Townsend. Here Mr. Johnson has spared no expense in im- provements, and has made this one of the most attractive homes in the county. The residence is situated in the midst of a park of three acres, which has been improved with a well selected grove of beautiful trees, the varieties including hard maple, ash, elm, catalpa. syca- more and mulberry, while an artificial lake, well stocked with fish, is not the least orna- mental feature of the landscape. The home is one suited to a man of Mr. Johnson's literary tastes and acquirements. He carries on a gen- eral line of farming, and feeds a large number of hogs, which finally find their way to the large city stockyards.
In Illinois, Mr. Johnson married Laura Elberta Sells, who was born near Columbus, Ohio, and is a daughter of Joshua S. Sells, a cousin of the Sells brothers, the well known showmen. They have three children, namely : Elmo J., who is engaged in the shoe business
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in Chicago and in other enterprises ; Edden M., who is in the shoe business in Texas; and Clara, a young lady living at home. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have been deeply bereaved by the death of a daughter, Grace, aged 20 years, and of a son, Forda, aged 15 years. The fam- ily belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically, Mr. Johnson is identified with the Democratic party.
ON. GEORGE H. WILSON, judge of the Probate Court of Cherokee Coun- ty, and one of the prominent and sub- stantial citizens of Columbus, was born in Anderson County, Kansas, in Decem- ber, 1866, and is a son of John and Pruda A. (Towsley) Wilson.
John Wilson was born in Steuben County, New York, of Scotch parentage on the paternal side, and of Irish, on the maternal. He settled in Johnson County, Kansas, in 1856, and nec- essarily was identified with the border troubles of those early days. He removed to Anderson County and later settled at Cherryvale, Mont- gomery County, where he died at the age of 74 years. His occupation was farming, but the exigencies of the times brought him, more or less, into the prominence of public life, al- though he never accepted political office. Judge Wilson's mother was born in Michigan, and was married there to John Wilson in 1859. Her parents died in her infancy and her only brother has also passed away, although she still survives, at the age of 74 years, a resident of Kansas City, Missouri. The half brothers and sisters of Judge Wilson reside in various parts of the country, his father having married thrice, but the three other members of his par- ents' family are: Albert L., who is an attorney at Kansas City; May, who is a stenographer in that city; and J. A., who is a resident of
Cherryvale, and a traveling collector for the McCormick Harvester Company.
Judge Wilson was reared and mainly edu- cated in Anderson County, Kansas, but has made his own way in the world since he reached the age of 15 years. He was 19 years old when he went to Montgomery County, and, while studying law, he served a three year's appren- ticeship in a newspaper office. He continued his law studies until 1889, when he was admit- ted to the bar at Independence, under Judge John N. Ritter, who was a resident of Cherokee County where he served as judge of the District Court from 1 889 to 1 89 1 .
Judge Wilson practiced at Cherryvale until 1895 when, dissolving partnership with his brother there, he moved to Cherokee County, and opened a law office himself at Empire City, Kansas, and practiced law there until Decem- ber, 1899, when he moved to Columbus, and served as Probate judge 13 months, being ap- pointed to succeed Judge Sapp. He then en- tered upon the law practice again with C. W. Smith, at Columbus, under the firm name of Smith & Wilson. This partnership continued one year, being dissolved in January, 1902. In 1900, when a candidate for Probate judge, he met defeat at the polls, but was elected in the fall of 1902. He served for four years as city attorney of Empire City, and in 1901 was ap- pointed city attorney of Columbus, and served as such until the November election of 1902. His present position as judge of Probate is one for which he is eminently qualified.
In 1900, Judge Wilson was married to a daughter of Rev. W. H. Mulvaney. Rev. Mr. Mulvaney is now presiding elder of the Em- poria District. He was formerly pastor of the Columbus Methodist Episcopal Church for six years, and is now a resident of Emporia. Mrs. Wilson graduated from Baker University at Baldwin, and later taught private classes of vocal and instrumental music at Columbus.
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She is a lady of great musical talent and intel- lectual strength, and is prominent in social cir- cles. Judge and Mrs. Wilson have one son, Marion M., born at Columbus in 1902.
Like his father. Judge Wilson is identified with the Republican part)'. Fraternally, he is a member of the Masonic Blue Lodge at Ga- lena ; Lodge No. 3, Knights of Pythias, at Ga- lena ; and the camp of Modern Woodmen of America, at Columbus; while Mrs. Wilson be- longs to the Order of the Eastern Star and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
ILLIAM OSCAR KENNEDY, one of the prominent farmer-citizens of Cherokee County, owns a fine farm of 78 acres in section 18, township 33, range 25, in Shawnee township. He was born in Clinton County, Indiana, Oc- tober 17, 1849, an<l 's a son °f William A. and Sarah M. (Foster) Kennedy.
The father of Mr. Kennedy was born in Warren County, Ohio, February 7, 181 7, and was an early settler, with his parents, in In- diana. He learned the carpenter's trade, but devoted the greater part of his life to agricult- ural pursuits. Shortly after the birth of the subject of this sketch, he sold his property in Indiana and moved to Kansas, and on Novem- ber 7, 1866, located in Cherokee County, as one of the pioneers. He was a man of unusual physical vigor until within a few years of his death, which occurred on February 5, 1894. Fie had been one of the leading men of his lo- cality, and for two years served as treasurer of Shawnee township. He married Sarah M. Foster, a daughter of Greer Foster, who was born in Pennsylvania. Their three children were, — Melissa E.. now deceased, who was the vife of Sylvester Altic ; James Greer, whose tragic death occurred in the last battle at Nash-
ville, during the Civil War ; and William Os- car. Both parents were good, Christian people, and were devoted members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which the father had been a class leader for years. The family is of Scotch-Irish extraction, and was founded in America by James Kennedy, who settled first in the State of New York, and took part in the War of 1812.
William Oscar Kennedy enjoyed the best educational advantages offered by the district schools of his day and locality. His present fine farm was taken up as a claim by his father, and it has been his home all his life, although he has visited many portions of Missouri, In- diana, Illinois, Texas and the Indian Territory at various times. He has made a specialty of raising horses, and has met with good success in this industry. His land is fertile and pro- duces abundantly, but he makes hay, corn and oats his main crops, feeding the greater part of what he raises.
On March 30, 1876, Mr. Kennedy was married to Amanda A. Weaver, a daughter of James Weaver, of Shawnee township, and they have two children, — Charles E., of Silver City, New Mexico; and Ernest Greer. For over 35 years, Mr. Kennedy has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been an official during much of this time. In politics, he is a Prohibitionist. He was elected township clerk on the Greenback ticket, and served two years. Fraternally he is a member of Crest- line Lodge, No. 139, Ancient Order of United Workmen, an organization with which he has been connected for 20 years, and in which he has passed all the chairs.
Mr. Kennedy is one of the old settlers, and remembers the time when Shawnee township had neither church nor schoolhouse and few settlers to ask for the privileges of either. He has passed through many exciting times, and belonged to the old Land League. Despite
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strife, greed and injustice, Cherokee County has arisen in might and beauty, and her present status in the State is due to the preponderance within her borders of just such honorable, just and fearless men as the subject of this sketch.
OHN LUNDIN, one of the prominent farmers and extensive stock-raisers and cattle dealers of Cherokee County, is also one of the capitalists of Lyon township, where he owns 760 acres of improved land, and resides in a beautiful home in sec- tion 2, township 34, range 23. Mr. Lundin was born in Wermland, Sweden, December 6, 1850.
Until Mr. Lundin reached the age of 16 years, he attended the public schools in his native place, and then came to the United States in company with his half brother, An- drew Swensen, landing in New York. He was ready for any kind of honest work by which he could make a living, and in Mercer and Henry counties, Illinois, he secured employ- ment, first in railroad construction, and later as a farm hand. For two years (1870 and 1 871) he worked in Henry County, for $21 a month. He came to Columbus, Kansas, in 1872. For several winters he had work with Scammon Brothers, and spent his summers on neighboring farms. He then took up a claim located about one mile from his present farm. Here he broke the prairie and made some improvements, and then sold out in order to go to California. From 1875 to 1881, he was in the West, buying and selling horses on his own account, and was also employed on the big cattle ranch of Sawyer Brothers. After his return to Cherokee County, he first pur- chased a half section of land, and now owns 760 acres in Lyon township, situated as fol- lows : 520 acres in section 2, 80 acres in sec-
tion 1, and 160 acres in section 9, all in town- ship 34, range 23. This land is all finely im- proved, and he conducts it mainly as a stock farm. He keeps 200 head of cattle, 20 horses, six mules, and 100 head of hogs, and feeds and ships extensively. Mr. Lundin has, probably, the finest residence in Lyon township. He has also built two substantial barns, and has miles and miles of good fencing, and two or- chards. Considering that Mr. Lundin has made all this property through his own industry and good management, he is justified in tak- ing considerable pride in his success.
In 1884, Mr. Lundin was married to Han- nah Larson, who was born in his native place in Sweden, April 28, 1854, and came to Amer- ica, with her parents, in 1879. She is a daugh- ter of Lars and Elsie Larson. The three chil- dren of this marriage are : Edith May, a high- school graduate ; Maud Elizabeth, a high-school graduate and a teacher; and Helen Anna, a student in the high-school, — all intelligent and accomplished young ladies. The family be- long to the Christian Church. Politically, Mr. Lundin is a Democrat, and has served in various township offices ; he has been township treasurer, and a school officer for the past 19 years. He belongs to the Settlers' League, and to the Anti Horse Thief Association. He is one of the highly esteemed men of Lyon township, whose sterling qualities command the respect of his fellow citizens.
RS. MARGARET T. BULGER, who is residing on her fine farm in section 34, township 34, range 23, in Lyon township, is the relict of Philip Bulger, for many years one of the most prominent farmers in the western section of the county.
Philip Bulger was born in County W'ex-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
ford, Ireland, April 25, 1844, and is a son of James and Katherine Bulger, both natives of Ireland. His parents came to this country, and both died at Springfield, Illinois, where they are buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery. Four chil- dren were born to them, all of whom are now deceased. They were, — Philip, Patrick, Mary and James.
Philip Bulger was about five years of age when his parents brought him to this country. They located first in Delaware, but later moved to Sangamon County, Illinois, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Philip moved from there to Christian County, Illinois, where he first met the subject of this sketch. There he followed farming for a time, and was later engaged in the grain and feed business on ex- change in St. Louis. He came West to Chero- kee County, Kansas, in 1886, and purchased three 80-acre tracts in Lyon township, which thereafter constituted his home farm. He added to the original purchase until he had 520 acres, built fine bams and other necessary buildings, and set out an orchard of 1,000 trees, making it one of the best improved farms in the county. Although a man of good busi- ness ability, he had his pleasures, to which he gave much attention. He had a natural love for poetry, and writing was his favorite past- time. He was gifted as a poet, and the writ- ings left behind him, if gathered together and published, would make a good-sized volume. He was an ardent admirer of William Jennings Bryan, who was the subject of two of his poems. In 1892, he wrote a poem on Christo- pher Columbus, his first voyage, the discovery of America, and the Declaration of Independence. This he read from the grand stand at Columbus, Kansas, where the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus was cele- brated on the Fourth of July, of that year. The purport of this stirring poem is shown in the last stanzas :
These lines are compos'd from mem'ry
Of periods to and fro, To put into song the story
Of four hundred years ago, And with much show of sentiment
In an epic here to mix, The days of that found Columbia
With seventeen seventy-six.
Another, "Bulger's Comment on Burns," we consider of such merit as to be given in full. It follows :
Rich are the fields of Illinois,
And fair are the fields of Kansas. Could Burns tell of a fairer land
Than I've written in these stanzas'? He tells us of the woods' and flowers
In the song about his "dearie"— I wonder how he'd wrote that song
Had he lived on a Kansas prairie.
He tells us of the crystal streams
And the groves around Montgomery, And of the beautiful castle high
And where water never was "drumbly." These are the scenes of that great song,
Where the poet loved to "tarry," And where he coined the precious gems
For his lovely "Highland Mary."
No one but this Ayrshire bard
Where his like lands of the fairy, Could e'er entwine such laurels grand,
As his wreath for "Highland Mary." I need not tell in this comment
For it is well known in story, That he who ploughed in Scottie's fields'
Was plowing for fame and glory.
This one of his many gems,
I refer to in these stanzas, And I wish I could such garlands twine
To crown the poet of Kansas. When God shall close the end of time,
And with fire consume the prairie, Till then will live the famous lyre
From the ploughboy to his "dearie."
Philip Bulger was first united in marriage with Mary E. Kenehan, a sister of the subject of this sketch, who was born in Butler County, Ohio, and died at St. Paul, Minnesota, August
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27, 1883, at tne a&e °f 31 years, eight months and four days. Three children were born to them: James J., of Columbus, who is an at- torney-at-law ; Thomas, who lives at home ; and Katherine, principal of the Melrose School. In February, 1884, Mr. Bulger married Mar- garet T. Kenehan, who was born March 8, 1855, and is a daughter of Martin and Ellen (Davy) Kenehan.
Martin Kenehan and his wife were natives of Ireland. At an early day they came to America, and located at Springfield, Illinois, where the latter died in 1858. Mr. Kenehan enlisted in the Union Army and at the expira- tion of his term reenlisted. He died as the re- sult of a sunstroke received while on a hard march, shortly after his second enlistment. He followed farming as a vocation throughout his life. He and his wife were the parents of five children, namely: Daniel, who is interested in mining at Galena; Mary E. (Bulger) de- ceased ; Patrick, deceased ; Margaret T. ; and Thomas, who lives near Galena.
Mr. and Mrs. Bulger became the parents of five children, as follows : Nellie, a student at the Cherokee County High School in Co- lumbus; Philip; Robert; Anna; and Lillian. Mr. Bulger died October 30, 1902, and his death was mourned as an irreparable loss to the community. He was a Republican in poli- tics for some years, and then became an enthu- siastic Bryan Democrat. He served as town- ship trustee, and as a member of the School Board for some years. Religiously, he was a devout Catholic.
ON. W. B. GLASSE, who since the fall of 1902 has been judge of the Eleventh Judicial District of Kansas, comprising Cherokee County, is one of the leading; men of this section of the State.
He was born in Harrison County, Ohio, Au- gust 21, 184O.
On both paternal and maternal lines, Judge Glasse comes of pioneer ancestry. His paternal grandfather brought his family from Pennsyl- vania to Ohio in 1802, before it had been made a State, and located about 50 miles north of the Ohio River, in what was then the outer- most settlement. There he lived until his death. The father of Judge Glasse was the eldest son of this pioneer family, and his life was spent on his lands located near the dividing lines of Tuscarawas and Carroll counties. On the ma- ternal side. Grandfather Rouse brought his family to Belmont County, Ohio, from Mary- land, about 1809. He assisted in building the first church in the wilderness of Belmont County. Later the family settled in the vicin- ity of the Glasse homestead, in Carroll County. Of Judge Glasse's two brothers, one died in young manhood, and the other, Jacob Glasse, has been a farmer in Johnson County, Missouri, since 1867.
W. B. Glasse was educated in the common schools of his own locality and at the Hagers- town Academy, and began to teach school in his early manhood. The Civil War found him ready to lay aside the hopes and ambitions which he had been cherishing, and on August 2, 1862, he enlisted in Company A, 126th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., in which he was later commis- sioned sergeant. Hardships and exposure brought on a state of health which caused his discharge at Martinsburg, West Virginia, in 1863, but in 1864, he returned to the service, as Captain of Company B, 170th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and served through the succeeding four months.
In the fall of 1866, he went to Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he pursued the study of the law, and taught school at intervals, until the close of the college term in 1868. He then came West and spent a short time in Johnson
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
County, Missouri, and in 1869 settled at Os- wego, Kansas, where he was admitted to prac- tice. During his residence here, he became a prominent man of affairs, and was elected in the fall of 1880 to the State Senate from La- bette County. His abilities were soon recog- nized and made him an acceptable partner of some of the leading jurists of the State. In the fall of 1869, he formed a partnership, which continued for four years, with J. J. Brown, now of Spokane, Washington. This was fol- lowed by association, for nine years, with Hon. H. G. Webb, who was formerly judge of the Eleventh Judicial District. After the dissolu- tion of this partnership, in 1883, Judge Glasse practiced alone for two years, and then entered upon a partnership with Hon. Nelson Case, which continued for eight and a half years, and was terminated by Judge Glasse's removal to Columbus. In June, 1893, he entered into busi- ness with C. D. Ashley, at Columbus, a part- nership which continued for two and a half years. Judge Glasse again practiced alone until 1900, when he became associated with Col. R. W. Blue, and this connection was continued until Judge Glasse was elected to the bench. His long career has brought him the emolu- ments of successful business, and the valued confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. He is noted for just those qualities which bring honor upon his position, — profound legal knowledge, unerring judgment and rigid im- partiality in the consideration of judicial ques- tions.
Judge Glasse married a Miss Fuller, who belongs to a prominent Michigan family, and they have five children, viz: Amy; Carey S. ; Paul, a student of law; Millie; and Helen. The religious association of the family is with the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Fraternally, Judge Glasse belongs to the Masons, the Ancient Order of United Work- men and the Grand Army of the Republic. Per-
sonally, he is very popular, his circle of friends extending through a large section.
OSEPH H. COOPER, who is the capa- ble manager of the grocery depart- ment of the large general store of John M. Cooper, at Baxter Springs, is well known throughout Cherokee County. He was born in Pike County, Illinois, Septem- ber 5, 1843, and is a son of Isaiah and Eliza- beth (Sigs worth) Cooper.
Captain Isaiah Cooper, father of our sub- ject, was born in Virginia, June 18, 18 17, re- moved to Pike County, Illinois, in youth, and there married Elizabeth Sigsworth, daughter of Joseph and Anna (Jorden) Sigsworth. Captain Cooper gained his title through valiant service in the Civil War. He was captain of Company K, 99th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., and lost an arm at Black River Bridge, and was subsequently honorably discharged on account of disability. Prior to the opening of the war, he operated a large flouring mill and was a merchant at New Salem, Illinois. After the war he engaged in farming until 1867, when he removed to Cherokee County, Kansas, engaged for a short time in merchandising near Baxter Springs and then engaged in farming. His death took place on February 8, 1895, and that of his wife, on January 16, 1884.
Our subject was educated in the public schools of Pike County, Illinois. He worked on his father's farm from the age of 18 years until February 18, 1865, when he enlisted in the Union Army, as a recruit for one year in Com- pany D, 7th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., and was mustered out of the service on July 9, 1865. He was the third member of his family to give loyal service to his country, his father and brother, John Milton, having also proved their loyalty.
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On October 10, 1867, Mr. Cooper came to Baxter Springs and for two years engaged in farming and freighting, and then accepted his present responsible position as manager of the large grocery department in the general store of his brother, John Milton Cooper.
On December 3, 1877, Mr. Cooper was united in marriage with Anna West, who is a daughter of John West, of Indiana. They have four children : Lillie May, who married Caleb Shinn, of Peoria, Indian Territory, and has three children, — Charles, John and Joseph ; Edna Bell, who married Charles Stroup, of Baxter Springs and has two children, — Emma and Clarence Herbert; John M., Jr., a farmer living six miles west of Baxter Springs; and Joseph H., Jr., who resides at Baxter Springs.
While Mr. Cooper has been a loyal member of the Republican party for years, he has led too busy a life to consent to accept political promotion. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He belongs to that class of honest, upright citizens whose ability and character form the foundations upon which the commercial prosperity of a city stands. He bears a name which is held in honor and esteem in Cherokee County.
HARLTON E. MIDDAUGH, de- ceased, one of the prominent business men of Columbus, for two years its mayor and for a long period one of its most progressive citizens, was born Sep- tember 22, 1835, in Monroe County, New York, in what are now the suburbs of Roches- ter. His death occurred on April 10, 1903, at his home in Miami, Indian Territory.
In Monroe County, New York, he married Martha A. Curtice, who was born in that county in 1836, and died in Miami, Indian Ter- ritory, on April 30, 1898. They had three children, viz. : Carl A., who is cashier of the
Columbus State Bank; Anna, wife of W. C. Lykins, of Miami, Indian Territory, who was interested with Mr. Middaugh in the mercan- tile business; and Mrs. Mabel W. Milligan, who also resides at Miami.
The late Charlton E. Middaugh came to Cherokee County, Kansas, on August 1, 1869, locating at Columbus, where he immediately entered into a mercantile business, first in part- nership with C. A. Bliss, under the firm name of Bliss & Middaugh. Shortly after, however, Mr. Middaugh became sole proprietor. His was the first large establishment of the kind in this city and he continued its operation until 1880, when he sold his mercantile interests to his son-in-law, W. C. Lykins. Mr. Middaugh then engaged for a time in a stock business in the Indian Territory, but later returned to Co- lumbus, where he erected the Middaugh Hotel, which he conducted himself for several years. The building was used for hotel purposes until about 1899, when it was transformed into a store and office building.
Mr. Middaugh was not a politician in the common acceptation of the term, but he was a stanch Republican and a strong supporter of the administration. During the Civil War he had served as a member of the 1st Regiment, Wisconsin Light Artillery. From 1883 to 1885 he served as mayor of Columbus, and faithfully advanced the city's interests during this period. While not a member of any re- ligious body, he was liberal in his support of the Baptist Church of Columbus, and was ever ready to assist in the promotion and main- tenance of benevolent institutions as well as public organizations looking to the general wel- fare. He was a man of strict integrity and high moral character, one who, in furthering his own affairs never lost sight of those of the com- munity. He held membership with John A. Dix Post, No. 56, G. A. R., and fraternally he was an Odd Fellow.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Carl A. Middaugh, cashier of the Columbus State Bank, was born at Topeka, Kansas, No- vember i, 1867. He was educated in the schools of Columbus and later became a clerk in the post office and also in the office of the register of deeds. In 1886 he spent some months with the Equitable Trust & Investment Company, of Wichita, and in 1887 was inter- ested in a loan and real estate business at Leota, Kansas. In 1888 he entered the bank of H. R. Crowell, at Columbus, and has been with the institution ever since, the Columbus State Bank being the successor of the Crowell Bank. He is a director of the institution and since 1894 has been cashier.
Mr. Middaugh married Irean Rhine, who was born near Warsaw, Indiana, and is a daughter of Abraham Rine, who located on a farm in Cherokee County in the early "seven- ties." Mr. and Mrs. Middaugh have one daughter, Lora. Mr. Middaugh has been prom- inently identified with the city's affairs, has served as treasurer and is now a member of the City Council. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica, of Columbus, and for two years served on the finance committee of the Grand Lodge of the Knights of Pythias of Kansas.
OHN KLINE, one of the successful farmers of Cherokee County, who owns a fine farm of 240 acres, in sec- tion 9, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township, was born in Frederick County, Maryland, June 5, 1845, ar,d is a son of David and Charlotte (Warrenfeltz) Kline. The Kline family was established in Mary- land by our subject's grandfather, who was a native of Germany. At his death his large
property was divided
his children.
David Kline was born in Maryland, followed farming and the business of getting out staves and shingles from the timber lands, on his prop- erty, and became one of the substantial men of his section. His death occurred in 1897, at the age of 80 years. His wife was also born in Maryland, where she died, aged about 70 years. The children of David and Charlotte Kline were 12 in number, as follows : Zephaniah, deceased ; Hezekiah, who is engaged in fruit growing in Indiana ; Rose Ann, who is the wife of John Trigg, and lives in Ogle County, Illinois ; John, the subject of this sketch ; Julia A., who is mar- ried and resides in Maryland; Simon Peter, who is a farmer in Crawford township, Cher- okee County; Silas, who still resides in Mary- land; Sarah, Mrs. Judy, who lives in Ohio; Mary, who resides in Maryland; Joshua, who is engaged in mining near Scammon, Kansas ; Clara, who is married and lives on the old homestead in Maryland; and Sophronia, who died in Maryland.
The subject of this sketch was reared on the home farm in Maryland, and obtained his men- tal training in the public schools. By hard work and close economy, he had acquired enough capital, by the time he reached his majority, to take him to Indiana. There he worked at farm work in Miami County for some years, and then went to Ogle County, Illinois, where he lived for three years prior to coming to Cherokee County, Kansas, which he reached in December, 1880. His success in farming and fruit growing has convinced him of the great advantages the agriculturists of this region en- joy. He has made all the fine improvements on his place, including the erecting of the ex- cellent buildings, and has two orchards which promise well. He now has his farm under lease.
Mr. Kline was married in Cherokee County to Mary Forman, who was born in Indiana,
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475
and is a daughter of Jacob Forman, of Craw- ford township. He is a member of the German Beptist Church.
In politics, the subject of the sketch is a Democrat. When he lived in Indiana he was connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Kline is well known, and is considered one of the most upright and sub- stantial men of Crawford township.
ALDO B. PIXLEY, a general mer- chant of Scammon, was born in Marietta, Ohio, in 1842. At an early age he removed with his pa- rents to Iowa, where he lived until he was 18 years of age, when he entered the Union Army. He first enlisted as a musician in Company K, 1st Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf. During his service, he was in the battle of Wilson's Creek. He was discharged August 20, 1861, in St. Louis. He reenlisted in Company E, 10th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., as a private, and was detailed to do duty as a musician in the regimental band. Later he was transferred to Company A, 60th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., under Captain Rhodes. He continued in the service as a musician until the close of the war. During that time his regiment saw active service in 21 battles, hav- ing gone through the entire campaign from Nashville to Atlanta, and to the sea. He was also in the Carolinas and participated in the Grand Review in 1865. His discharge came by General Order, No. 55, in 1865.
After the war, Mr. Pixley returned to his home in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, where he was engaged in the manufacture of wagons and buggies for two years. Then he purchased a farm in that State, and pursued the occupation of farming for a few years. But there were other occupations more suited to him, and he sold his farm, purchased a stock of merchandise,
and settled down as a merchant in Vernon, Van Buren County, Iowa. After being engaged in mercantile business there until 1880, he sold out, came to Kansas, and locating at Winfield was engaged in the same business for eight years.
At this time stock-raising and the real estate business seemed to be the greatest sources of money making in Kansas, and Mr. Pixley invested his money in stock and went into the stock-raising business, and at the same time dealt in real estate. He remained at Winfield until 1895, when he removed to Scammon, Cherokee County, and again became a mer- chant. By hard work and untiring energy, he has built up a very successful business, and has firmly established himself as a leading mer- chant of Scammon. In 1901 he erected a large two-story building, so to be in better shape to attend to his ever increasing business.
Mr. Pixley is a member of the I. O. O. F., and is also affiliated with the Masons. His war record naturally drew him into the G. A. R., of which he has been a member for some time. Though not an active politician, he is a good, all-around Republican.
In 1865, Mr. Pixley married Augusta B. Lucrode, a native of Jackson, Missouri. To them have been born eight children, six of whom are living. The record follows : Josie, born in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, now the wife of F. W. McKinney, of Columbus, Kansas; Lucinda, born in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, who married F. W. Conrad, and has one child, — Frank; Minnie, born in Vernon, Iowa; Es- telle, born in Vernon, Iowa, who is the wife of J. E. Darby, and has two children, Earl and Glen; Frank, deceased at the age of 21 years; Marguerite, and Robert, both born in Win- field, Kansas; and Ralph, who died in infancy.
Mr. Pixley is a son of Benjamin Franklin and Lydia B. (Bennett) Pixley, who were na- tives of Ohio. The father died at Mount
476
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Pleasant, Iowa, February 12, 1882, at the ad- vanced age of 84 years. The mother died six years later, at the same age. The father was a wagon-maker, having learned the trade in Ohio, and followed it all his life, always doing honest, conscientious work for his customers.
Mr. Pixley's grandfather was a native of Massachusetts ; and his great-great-grandfather was a native of Scotland, who upon coming to America first settled in Massachusetts and later moved to Ohio.
Mr. Pixley is a man of wide knowledge of affairs, owing to the diversified character of his business career. He is courteous and agree- able in his dealings and these characteristics together with his strict integrity, are qualities that have brought to him a most flattering trade. He holds a secure place in the hearts of the citizens of Scammon and Cherokee County.
HHOMAS E. De VOE, one of the suc- cessful agriculturists of Cherokee County, owns a farm of 400 acres in sections 21 and 23, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township. He was born in 1867, in Noble County, Indiana, and is a son of Benjamin H. and Mary J. (Rosenbury) De Voe.
Benjamin H. De Voe was born in Wayne County, New York, November 14, 1826, and is a son of Jesse and Martha (Van Fleet) De Voe, also natives of New York, where they died, having reared five children. Mr. De Voe was raised on a farm in New York, and ob- tained a common-school education. In 1857 he moved to Noble County, Indiana, where he remained until 1878. Then he came to Cher- okee County, Kansas, and located on his pres- ent farm, the northeast quarter of section 28, in Crawford township, which he purchased from Henry Miller, who had bought it from
an early pioneer. Mr. De Voe has been a large and successful farmer, but now rents his land. He first married Ann Eliza Longyar, of New York, who died in 1858 in Indiana, leaving five children, viz: Mrs. Sarah Hall, of Cherokee County ; Jesse, a farmer and tile manufacturer of Indiana ; William, a farmer of Indiana ; Al- bert, a resident of New York ; and Eloise, who died about two years ago, in Cherokee County, Kansas, aged 40 years.
In 1859, Benjamin H. De Voe married, for his second wife, Mary J. Rosenbury, of Indiana, who is a daughter of Andrew and Justina ( Met- land) Rosenbury. She was born in 1841. in Ohio, and accompanied her parents to Indiana, where they died in 1892. Mr. and Mrs. Benja- min H. De Voe have six children, namely : Stephen, who is engaged in the poultry business at Long Beach, California; Mrs. Hattie Cap- ron, of Crawford township; Thomas E. ; Mrs. Tena Coe, of Fort Scott, Kansas; Mrs. Libbie Gager, of Joplin, Missouri ; and Frank, of Crawford township.
The subject of this sketch was 1 1 years of age when he came to Cherokee County, where he was mainly reared and where he attended the common schools. He spent the period be- tween 1887 and 1890 in California, and then returned to Cherokee County, purchasing his present excellent farm in 1895. He has im- proved his property and has it under a good state of cultivation. He raises hay as a spe- cialty, but meets with good success in all lines.
Mr. De Voe married Cassie Row, who was born in Owen County, Indiana, in 1872, and is a daughter of Jesse A. and Hannah (Nice) Row. Mrs. Row died in Cherokee County. March 5, 1883, aged 41 years. The childrer of Mr. and Mrs. Row were as follows: Lovina, wife of Warren E. Kale, who lives in the State of Washington; Ida, wife of A. Auman, who resides in Spring Val- ley township, Cherokee County; Chapman, who
JOSEPH WALLACE
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479
resides in South McAlester, Indian Territory, Lewis, deceased, who left a family, that lives in Columbus ; Mary, wife of Rainy Kyler, who lives in Monett, Missouri ; Cassie, who be- came Mrs. De Voe ; Abram, who lives at Weir City; Nora, wife of Milton S. Porter, who lives at Joplin, Missouri; and Altha, wife of Jack Graham, who lives in Cedar Point, Kansas. The second marriage of Mr. Row was to Sarah Dobbins, and they have two children ; Rilla, wife of Calvin Card, of Galena, Kansas; and Lena, who is at home. Mr. Row, for two terms, was assessor of Lyon township, where he re- sided from 1879 to 1890, when he removed to his present home, in Barton County, Missouri. He was born April 21, 1842, in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and removed to Indiana in 1851, and to Cherokee County, first, in 1867. He returned to Indiana, in 1870, but came back to Kansas in 1879.
Mr. and Mrs. De Voe have three children, — Clyde E., born January 5, 1894; Ralph C, born February 5, 1898; and Evan, born May 13, 1902.
In politics, Mr. De Voe is a Populist and his father votes independently. The family is well known in Crawford township and the townships adjoining, and all belong to the county's contingent of substantial citizens.
OSEPH WALLACE, city engineer of Galena, and one of the oldest and most highly esteemed residents of Chero- kee County, whose portrait accompa- nies this sketch, was born March 28, 1833, in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. After taking the common-school branches, he became a student in Ohio University and later in Mount Union College. This was followed by several years of teaching. Most of these were spent in Ohio, but he was one of the first to engage in peda-
26
gogy in Kansas, and taught the first school in his district. He also taught in Illinois and during one winter had charge of the Freed- men's University at Ouindaro, Kansas, a school for colored people. When the Civil War began, he was among the first to enlist, going to the front with Company D, 18th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf. Returning, he was chosen surveyor of Vinton County, Ohio, and served in that capacity for two years. Soon after this he moved to Kansas, locating in Cherokee County in 1867, since which time he has been one of of the county's most enterprising and valuable citizens, zealous of her improvement and al- ways ready to assist in her advancement.
Mr. Wallace settled on a claim six miles north of Baxter Springs when few cabins were to be found on the surrounding prairie and at a time when our "necessities of life" would have been esteemed as luxuries, but the pioneer was not easily daunted and expected to make his way in spite of privations and hardships, and it was this spirit of grit and endurance which has redeemed the great West from the hordes of savages and wild beasts and made it the pride of our American civilization. Mr. Wallace is a man of action and at once became identified with the leading men of his chosen State. In 1869 he was elected surveyor and has spent almost 30 years of his life in that employment, eight as a deputy and 20 as chief surveyor. In 1892 he moved to Columbus and in 1894 located in Galena, where he now re- sides. Here he became associated in business with W. H. Duncan, of Hutchinson, Kansas, under the firm name of Wallace & Duncan, and enjoys all of his old time popularity and pros- perity. He is the present efficient engineer of Galena, with headquarters at the city hall, and the capable manner in which he has discharged the duties of his office have won him general commendation. He is also interested in min- ing operations.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
In 1862, Mr. Wallace was married to Clara Saltz, of Ohio, a lady of excellent worth who encouraged and assisted him during their many varied experiences as only a kind and loving wife could. Not only the family, but also a wide circle of friends, were bereaved by her death which occurred in 1899. Nine children were born to this worthy couple, four of whom survive, namely: Edward F., who holds a responsible position with the American Pack- ing Company, of Chicago, — he married Anna Widman, for two terms county superintendent of schools of Cherokee County, by whom he has one child, Marie; Mrs. Lillian Mishler, who resides eight miles north of Galena and has a family of five children ; Rufus, who married Lilly Knox, of Missouri ; and Daisy, who lives at home and keeps the home for her father. Mr. Wallace has given all of his children the advantage of a good education, both in the public schools and in college, and now enjoys the satisfaction of seeing them fill their vari- ous stations in life creditably and well. He re- sides at No. 1019 Joplin avenue in a handsome modern residence which he erected. The house is nicely situated and surrounded with just sufficient shade to make it an inviting spot on a hot summer day. Mr. Wallace has been ac- tive in politics and has frequently been chosen to represent his party as delegate to county, congressional and State conventions. He is a member of the Royal Arch Chapter of Masons.
OSEPH ALLEN. Of the few old veterans of the Civil War who are still living in Cherokee County, per- haps no one bears more severe scars of battle than Joseph Allen, a farmer who lives on his farm in section 11, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. A soldier who fought in many battles, and wounded, fought
again, his history as a soldier of the war is only an example of his history in every-day life, for in the tips and downs of life he has always stood like a soldier with his face to the front, winning his way along the line.
Mr. Allen was born in Georgia, September 16, 1834, and is a son of Joseph and Katie (Mountain) Allen.
Joseph Allen, the father, was also a native of Georgia; his wife, Katie Mountain, was his playmate from childhood and a native of the same State. By occupation Mr. Allen was a farmer. In 1837 he removed to Franklin County, Illinois, where he purchased a farm. There he lived the remainder of his life. The mother also died in Illinois. Out of a family of 10 children, only five are living, and are named as follows : Guy ; McKilvie ; Godwin ; Wilson ; and Joseph.
Our subject had only a limited chance for obtaining an education. He lived at home until the age of 21, and had few of the opportunities offered the young man of today. As a good worker, he was in demand, and worked for dif- ferent people in Perry, Washington, Randolph and St. Clair counties, Illinois. In 1861 he was married to Mrs. Margaret (Logan) Allen, of Allen County, Kentucky. Mrs. Allen was the widow of Lewis Allen, a brother of our subject. The family consists of eight children, four by Mrs. Allen's first union and four by the second. The record is as follows : Riley, a farmer in the Cherokee Nation; Leonard, a teamster of Stippville, Cherokee County; Ma- tilda, wife of Charles Shinn, of the Paw Paw Nation; Lucinda, wife of William Kennedy, of Sheridan township; Lewis and John Alexan- der, farmers of Sheridan township; Delila (Mrs. Isaac Lour), deceased in 1900; and Agnes, wife of A. Wilson, a farmer of Sheri- dan township.
After his marriage, Mr. Allen lived in Washington County, Illinois, until he entered
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the army in February, 1864. He enlisted in Company D, 48th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf. A member of the 15th Corps, he was with Sher- man in the famous "March through Georgia." He was at Louisville, Nashville, and Scotts- boro, and participated in the battles of Atlanta, Macon, Buzzard's Roost, Lookout Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Savannah and many oth- ers, numbering 16 in all. On December 13, 1864, he was wounded at Fort McAllister, by being struck by a piece of shell which carried away part of his left arm. For seven days he was in the field hospital ; afterward at Hilton Head, South Carolina, 18 days; and at David's Island, New York, 28 days. Then he was given a 30-day furlough home.
Upon his discharge, April 11, 1865, after he had been in active service for two years, Mr. Allen returned to Washington County, Illinois. In 1867 he sold his farm in that State and moved to Cherokee County, Kansas. The country was very wild and unsettled as yet, be- ing without roads or railroads. His first loca- tion in Sheridan township was on 160 acres of land in Section 16, township 32, range 22. There he remained for eight years, when he sold out and went to Erath County, Texas, where he stayed but a short time, when he re- turned to Kansas and located on 160 acres in Sheridan township. In three years he sold again and purchased the land where he has lived ever since. The farm consists of 80 acres, on which is done general farming, all the small grains being raised. He also raises cattle, hogs and horses. All the improvements on the place have been made by the owner and the farm is under good cultivation.
Although when a youth, our subject was a blacksmith, he readily took up the work of the farm and has made it profitable. Part of the time has been spent in the city, but at present he is at home on the farm. In politics he is an
ardent Republican, believing the principles of that party are such as to safeguard the country's welfare.
ILLIAM R. MOORE, a prominent farmer who owns the southeast quarter of section 9, and the north- west quarter of the northeast quar- ter of section 16, township 33, range 25, in Shawnee township, was born near Galena, Kansas, May 1, 1880, and is a son of William R. and Margaret C. (Chambers) Moore.
The father of Mr. Moore was born at Greenville, Illinois, March 16, 1830, and died February 10, 1899, in Cherokee County. He was reared on the Illinois farm where he re- mained until 1849, when he started with the other "Argonauts" for California, crossing the plains on the old Santa Fe trail, with ox teams. He remained for two years in the gulch dig- gings, meeting with fair success. Then he re- turned to his native county, married and lived there until after the birth of his first child. He then sold his property, and started in a prairie schooner to locate in Texas. When he reached that State he found conditions different from his expectations, and, after a brief stop in Ar- kansas, came to Cherokee County, Kansas. He settled near what is now the city of Galena, buying a tract of 100 acres of railroad land. In 1888 he sold his farm to parties who wanted to work the zinc mines there, and removed across the line to Cave Spring, Missouri. There he devoted himself to farming and prospecting. He owned 160 acres, of which he sold 80 acres in 1898, and bought the place which the subject of this sketch is now operating for his sister. He raises mostly grain and stock.
Mr. Moore married Margaret C. Chambers, who is the daughter of a Methodist clergyman.
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Of their seven children, four still survive, namely : Nevada, wife of G. O'Hare, of Shaw- nee township ; Alice, who is on the home place ; Ida, wife of H. H. Schlessman, of Colorado; and William R. The father died February 10, 1899, his wife having passed away February 21, 1896.
The subject of this sketch grew to manhood on the home place in Cherokee County, and attended the local schools. In 1890 he pur- chased 200 acres of land in sections 9 and 16; this property he has rented out ever since, and has resided with his sister and operated her farm. Mr. Moore has been very successful in raising wheat, and makes a specialty of this grain, having 50 acres under cultivation in wheat. He also raises corn and oats, the greater part of which he uses to feed the stock on the farm. He has also given attention to the raising of mules.
In politics, like his father, Mr. Moore is a Democrat. The father took a leading part in all movements pertaining to the welfare of Kansas. He was very prominent in the party councils and served in many offices. He was a member of the School Board and served as justice of the peace for a long period. The subject of this sketch is an Odd Fellow, being a member of Crestline Lodge, No. 476. He belongs also to the Rebekahs, and to the Anti Horse Thief Association.
ICHARD W. TAYLOR, a highly esteemed citizen and prosperous farmer of Ross township, owns a well cultivated farm of 160 acres in section 33, township 7,2, range 27,. He was born Feb- ruary 4, 1839, in County Fermanagh, Ireland, and is a son of Richard and Alice (Reynolds) Taylor.
The parents of Mr. Taylor were also born
in Ireland, where they grew to maturity and married. They came to America in 1851, and after living in New York City for one year moved to Carroll County, Ohio, where they were engaged in farming throughout their lives. The mother died in 1863, and the father in 1884. They had eight children, namely: Elizabeth, deceased; William, of Clinton County, Missouri; Alice, who died in infancy; Joseph, deceased; Mary (Chase), of Columbus, Kansas; Richard W. ; Alicia (Patton), a resi- dent of Kansas; and Thomas, of Carroll County, Ohio. The father was always a con- sistent supporter of the Democratic party. The family was brought up in the faith of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church.
The subject of this sketch was reared in Carroll County, Ohio, and attended the local schools. In 1868 he left home and went to Clinton County, Missouri, where he remained until January, 1870, when he came to Ross township, Cherokee County. Together with John Reynolds, he bought and improved 320 acres of land which they disposed of. In 1875, he bought 80 acres of his present farm, which was partly improved. He subsequently bought the other 80 acres, making 160 in all. The greater part of this Mr. Taylor has placed under cultivation, successfully growing wheat, oats, corn, hay and flax. He has also raised many hogs, sheep, horses and mules, and herds of very valuable Shorthorn cattle. He has been mainly engaged in farming all his life, although he taught school for a time in Carroll County, Ohio, and in 1865 served eight months in Com- pany A, 1 86th Reg. Ohio Vol. Inf.
On September 17, 1873, Mr. Taylor was married to Eliza J. Edgmond, of Wayne, County, Iowa, who is a daughter of Marion and Elizabeth (Logan) Edgmond, of Wayne County, Kentucky. The family removed from Kentucky first to Wayne County, Iowa, and in 1866 to Ross township, Cherokee County,
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Kansas, and settled on section 33, town- ship 32, range 23, where the mother died in 1867, and the father, in 1873. Of their five children, the two survivors are Mrs. Taylor and John K., of Ross township. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have two children, — William E., a farmer of Ross township, who married Effie Davidson, and has one child, — Marion ; and Bessie, who resides at home. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor belong to the Methodist Church, while the children are members of the Presbyterian Church.
Politically, Mr. Taylor assumes an inde- pendent attitude, none of the great parties com- ing exactly to his high standard ; hence he votes for the man whom he deems best fitted for the office. For several years he has been a member of the School Board of Ross township, and takes an active part in local matters of public interest. He came to Cherokee County with little capital, and has acquired his fine farm through his own energy and industry. He is recognized as one of the leading men of the township.
AMUEL HASSON, one of the promi- nent farmers of Pleasant View town- ship, who owns the northeast quarter of section 6, township 32, range 25, was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Sep- tember 4, 1847, and *s a son °f Samuel and Elizabeth (Love) Hasson.
The parents of the subject of this sketch were both born in County Derry, Ireland. The father ran away from home in boyhood, and thus the family records were lost, but it is re- called that he was in his teens when Napoleon was made prisoner. By a first marriage he had four children, — Jane, Mary, Eliza and John. In 1844, after his marriage to Elizabeth Love,
in St. John's, New Brunswick, they moved to the city of Philadelphia, where Mr. Hasson se- cured employment in Norris' foundry, and afterwards, in Mathews' foundry, working in the former 14 years, and in the latter, 13 years. In 1850 he removed to Illinois and settled at Springfield, where he farmed rented land until 1869, when he came to Cherokee County, Kan- sas. He was one of the earliest settlers in the County. Before leaving Philadelphia, he had sustained a compound fracture of his left leg, and this prevented him from engaging in very active occupation of any kind. His death took place January 24, 1892. In politics he was a supporter of the Democratic party, but never took any very active part in political contests. The children of his second marriage were as follows : Samuel ; Alexander and Joseph, both deceased ; William, of Crawford County, Kan- sas; and Matilda, wife of Timothy Martin, of Crawford County. Mr. Hasson was a worthy member of the Catholic Church. His widow still survives, bearing well her weight of 80 years, and being still an active, interested mem- ber of the home circle.
The subject of this sketch was reared in Philadelphia and attended the excellent city schools. He accompanied his parents to Illi- nois and to Kansas, and with his brothers at- tended to the farming, remaining at home until his marriage, in 1882. In the spring of 1870 he bought his present farm, which is the north- east quarter of section 6, township 32, range 25, in Pleasant View township. This he has devoted to crops of wheat, oats and corn, and to stock-raising, doing considerable feeding. He is one of the prosperous farmers of his locality, as well as one of the township's representative men.
In 1882 Mr. Hasson was united in marriage with Rebecca Workman, who is a daughter of Peter Workman, of Northern Missouri. Of
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their five children, four survive, namely: Ja- cob, John, William and Lloyd. Religiously, Mr. Hasson is a Catholic. Politically, he is a Democrat.
ILLIAM W. WALKER. One of the families of Lola township, Kansas, that can rightfully lay claim to distinction as being among the pioneer element in Cherokee County, is that of Mrs. Catherine Walker, now represented by herself and several stalwart sons, the father, William W. Walker, having died in 1882.
Mr. Walker was born in Clay County, Indi- ana, in 1822. He grew to manhood in the "Hoosier State," and there married Catherine Lints, the lady who now survives him and whose birth occurred November 22, 1832. She was a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Renaud) Lints, the former being a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter, of Virginia. Mr. Walker was a son of Richard and Drusilla Walker, of Kentucky, and was one of a family of 10 children, — four boys and six girls.
Five sons and four daughters were born to Mr. and Mrs. Walker. Mrs. Maria E. Dobbs, the eldest, is deceased ; Henry C. and Robert manage the farm, and look after the interests of the home; James M. lives on the farm, and occupies a separate house; Mrs. Laura A. Payne is deceased; William S. is a farmer of Cherokee County ; Charles W. lives in Pawhaska, Oklahoma; and Mrs. Ida M. In- gersoll and Mrs. Nellie M. Troop reside in Columbus, Kansas.
Mr. Walker followed agricultural pursuits during his lifetime. In 1875 ne came to Kan- sas, using the wagon route, and taking six weeks to make the trip. The Walker farm comprises nearly 320 acres in section 12, town- ship t,2i- range 21, and section 7, township 33,
range 22, in Lola township. The breaking of the raw prairie, and the making of other early improvements occupied the father's attention until his death, since which time the widow and sons have worked to such advantage, that now they have a large farm under cultivation, and a good substantial farm house and buildings, — all standing as monuments to their hard labor, perseverance and energy.
Mr. Walker was a pensioner of the Mexican War, having served under Gen. Zachary Tay- lor. He was a stanch Whig, and although his party opposed the war, yet the chief military renown was won by it, — both Zachary Tayh r and Winfield Scott being Whigs.
Mr. Walker was a man of very liberal views, believing in working for principle and the right, regardless of friend or foe. He was possessed of many sterling qualities, and was highly esteemed by his neighbors. The family which he left are all occupying responsible positions in life, which is due to the early train- ing of the father, together with the excellent care of the mother in later years.
OHN W. SNIDER, one of the prosper- ous farmers of Cherokee County, who owns a finely improved and well cul- tivated farm, comprising the southeast quarter of section 14, township 33, range 24. in Crawford township, has been a resident here since 1869. Mr. Snider was born in Cayuga County. New York, September 2, 1825, and is a son of Daniel and Annie (Dean) Snider.
The parents of Mr. Snider removed to Wyandot County, Ohio, in 1835, where the father died aged 92 years, and the mother, aged 45 years. Daniel Snider was a harnessmaker by trade, but was engaged mainly in farming. The subject of this sketch had one brother and three sisters, viz. : Mrs. Lovina Parrigo, win >
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resides at Donovan, Iroquois County, Illinois; Mrs. Sally Ann Owens, who came to Cherokee County about 1869, and died in Shawnee town- ship in 1895 ; Mrs. Ruth Van Osdell, who is a resident of Wyandot County, Ohio; and Aaron, who died in 1894, in Wyandot County, Ohio.
John W. Snider was reared in Ohio, where he obtained his schooling and learned the trade of harness-making. This he never followed as a business, preferring agricultural pursuits. During the Civil War, he was in the service for a time, giving loyal support to the government. He is one of the old settlers of the county, hav- ing come here in 1868, and located on his pres- ent farm in 1870, in School District No. 71. He took up a claim which was deeded to him by the railroad company in 1880. His fine improve- ments include a comfortable and attractive residence, good, substantial buildings, fencing and orchards, and he feels that he could not have made a much better selection of a home than this.
Mr. Snider was first married, in Ohio, in
1847, to Katie Ann Van Osdale, who died in Ohio in 1857, leaving three children, namely: Isaac Luther, who is a railroad conductor, re- siding at Fort Wayne, Indiana; Lucy Ann, wife of James Adkins, who resides at Columbus, Kansas ; and Edwin, who lives with his father. Mr. Snider's second marriage was to Annie Ross, who died in Cherokee County, in 1888, leaving a daughter, — Idolia, — who married Melvin Watkins, and died in Cherokee County. Mr. Snider was married, third, to Mrs. Mary Jane Parsell, who was born in New York in 1827 and removed to Ohio in 1834, where, in
1848, she was married to S. S. Parsell, who died in 1890. Of the nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Parsell, three are now living, namely : Mrs. Nancy Robinson, a resident of Crestline; Mrs. Phcebe Owens, a resident of Shawnee township; and Mrs. Clara Barrett, of Joplin,
Missouri. Mrs. Snider buried six children of her first marriage.
Politically Mr. Snider is a Democrat, firmly adhering to the principles of the party. Since the fall of 1857, he has been identified with the Masonic fraternity, having joined it in Wyan- dot County, Ohio, from which place he brought a demit to Prudence Lodge, No. 100, A. F. & A. M., at Columbus, of which lodge he is now a valued member. He is a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has served many years as a class leader, both here and in his old home in Ohio. He is a very highly respected citizen, and a man of sterling character.
C. CHEYNE, a leading business man at Melrose, who does a large business as a general merchant and as a dealer in drugs and oils, was born in Tazewell County, Illinois, not far from Morton, February 22, i860, and is a son of William and Christiana (Duncan) Cheyne. The father of Mr. Cheyne was born in Aberdeen County, Scotland, and now resides at Weeping Water, Nebraska. He came to the United States with his wife, who was a daughter of Alexander Duncan, of Aberdeen, County, and she died at Morton, Illinois, when the subject of this sketch was two years old. They had six children, the three survivors being: William, of Council Bluffs, Iowa; John S., cashier of the Miami Bank, at Miami, In- dian Terirtory ; and M. C.
M. C. Cheyne remained on the home farm in Illinois, until he was 21 years of age. Then he came to Kansas, and has been a resident of this State ever since. He had but a small capi- tal and began working by the day, but subse- quently entered into the sheep business, with
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Richard Barber. They bought sheep in Arkan- sas which they sold in Missouri, and the busi- ness proved fairly profitable. Later, Mr. Cheyne sold his interest to his partner, and re- moved to Melrose, Kansas, and then to Ga- lena, where he worked two years for the Excel- sior crushing works. He then returned to Neosho township, secured land in the rich bottoms, and was engaged in farming for 20 years. After disposing of his farm to Samuel Reynolds, he bought out the established notion store of C. S. Bingham, putting in a stock of merchandise. Soon he was appointed post- master by President Cleveland. He conducted the store and post office in conjunction for 11 years, to the entire satisfaction of the commu- nity. He has added drugs and oils and does a large business.
On October 7, 1896, Mr. Cheyne was mar- ried to Olivia Minis, who was born in Texas. They have two children, — Hobart L. and Mary C.
Politically, Mr. Cheyne is a Republican, and he has served for one year as township clerk. He is a well known citizen, one who is held in very high esteem in Melrose and Neosho townships, both on account of his business qualifications and honest dealing, and for his sterling traits of character.
ASHINGTON WILLIAMS, who conducts a first-class blacksmith shop at Columbus, on Pennsylva- nia avenue, one block north of the square, was born in Brooke County, Virginia, now West Virginia, in 1852, and is a son of Thomas and Christina (Mendell) Williams.
In February, 1871, after the death of his mother, the subject of this sketch came, with the family, to Cherokee County, Kansas. The
father, however, soon returned to West Vir- ginia, where he remained until his death, in 1877. He was a cooper and farmer. The fam- ily consisted of eight children, the two others who located in Kansas being George, now of California, who resided for a time at Galena, and Valentine, who until his death was a far- mer in Salamanca township.
Washington Williams was schooled in his native locality, but learned his trade after com- ing to Columbus, working in the blacksmith shop of Ben. Dilworth, one of the early smiths and well known residents of the city. Mr. Williams afterwards formed a partnership with S. B. Jay and they continued to work together for two years ; a partnership with the late Rob- ert Neal lasted the same length of time. Then he and David Martin became associated and remained together for nine years, when Mr. Williams continued alone, and Mr. Martin opened a shop in another part of the city. Mr. Williams is thus one of the city's early business men, and one of the oldest. He has always had a large amount of work, and until the present time has had a skilled man in his employ. He is so well known here that he is familiarly and affectionately known as "Wash" Williams.
On January 1, 1878, at Columbus, Mr. Wil- liams was married to Lizzie Coble, and they have three children, — Bessie, Floyd and Lola, The family belong to the Presbyterian Church, in which Mr. Williams is a deacon.
Politically, Mr. Williams is a Republican. He has served for seven years as a member of the Board of Education, and in every way is a representative citizen. His fraternal and social connections are with the Odd Fellows ; Modern Woodmen of America : Sons and Daughters of Justice ; and, together with his wife, with the Rebekahs. He is also a member of the Anti Horse Thief Association. His long residence in Columbus makes Air. Williams an encyclo-
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pedia of information concerning this locality, and he has known personally many of the mak- ers of history in this part of Kansas.
ILLIAM H. EVANS, one of the representative citizens of Ross township, who owns a well culti- vated farm of 240 acres, situated in section 22, township 32, range 23, was born in Warren County, Ohio, March 6, 1844. He is a son of Aaron and Margaret Ann (Tucker) Evans.
The father of Mr. Evans was also born in Warren County, Ohio, and the mother, in the State of New York. Mr. and Mrs. Evans re- sided on their farm in Warren County until 1870, and then the father accompanied his son, William H., to Cherokee County, Kansas. The mother died in Iowa while on a visit, and the father returned to Ohio, where his last years were spent. Aaron Evans was twice married, the children of his first union, with Rachel Tucker, being as follows: Josephine, deceased; Eugene, of Warren County, Ohio ; and Arneen and Margaret Ann, both deceased. The sub- ject of this sketch was the only child of the second marriage. The family is of Welsh ex- traction, Joseph Evans, the grandfather, having been born in Wales.
William H. Evans was reared on the home farm in Warren County, Ohio, and was a pupil in the neighborhood schools. When he was 17 years old, his father gave a tract of land to him and his sister, in Wayne County, Indiana, and they lived there for eight years, Mr. Evans gaining some practical experience in general farming. He then came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and located on section 27, township 32, range 23, in Ross township, having bought 400 acres of railroad land. Of course, at that time, it was nothing but a prairie wilderness,
and presented many difficulties to the early set- tler. Here Mr. Evans has made every improve- ment, clearing his land and placing it under cul- tivation as rapidly as it was possible to do so, erecting substantial buildings, making fences and setting out orchards, and, in fact, accom- plishing, in a comparatively short time, all those marvels which transformed the wild tract of prairie into the home of prosperity and civili- zation. He has found it the best policy to fol- low general farming, his crops being corn, oats, wheat and flax, and he also raises cattle, horses and hogs. As time passed, Mr. Evans found he had more land than he cared to cultivate, and he disposed of all but 240 acres, which still leaves him with a good farm.
In 1868 Mr. Evans married Belle Helms, of Wayne County, Indiana, who died May 12, 1896, having been the mother of 10 children, of whom the survivors are as follows : Mrs. Cassie Seyburn ; Cornelius, a farmer, living near Sherwin Junction ; Eugene, who lives near Center Star, Kansas; and Arthur, Irving and Irene, who are at home. Mr. Evans was reared in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically, Mr. Evans is in accord with the Reform party, although his father was a strong Democrat. Be- fore all else, however, he is a good farmer and an honest, upright man, and enjoys the respect and esteem of all who know him.
HOMAS KUTZ, who is one of the best known of the pioneer farmers of Cherokee County, is located in sec- tion 11, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. He was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, February 3, 1837, and is a son of John and Mary (Fry) Kutz. The parents of our subject were both born and lived throughout their entire lives in Berks County, Pennsylvania. They became parents of n
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children, as follows : Margaret, deceased ; Eliz- abeth, of Berks County, Pennsylvania ; George, a blacksmith, of Berks County; Thomas; Mary, Hannah and Frank, of Berks County ; Nelson, of Stark County, Ohio; Rachel of Reading, Berks County; Charles, deceased; and John, of Berks County. In politics, Mr. Kutz was first a Whig and afterward a Republican. Relig- iously, he and his wife were members of the Lutheran Church.
Thomas Kutz attended the public schools and lived on the home farm until he was 19 years old. Having learned the blacksmith trade in Pennsylvania, he went to Stark County, Ohio, and followed it there for two years, then moved to Cedar County, Iowa. There he fol- lowed his trade and farmed four years, after which he went to Linn County, Iowa, and was married in 1862. He remained there and in Cedar County, Iowa, two years, and then re- moved to Nemeha County, Kansas. Leaving his wife with her people, he went to Silver Bow City and Virginia City, Montana, where he worked in the mines. He went with a large wagon train, driving an ox-team for Allen Green Campbell, the trip consuming 108 days. Upon his return from Montana, he took up 80 acres of land in Cloud County, Kansas, which he greatly improved and of which he planted 30 acres to corn. There were just eight families in the settlement and they had considerable trouble with the Indians who warned them to leave that country. They killed a Mr. Morgan and his two children, and captured Mrs. Mor- gan. Many are the exciting and interesting stories which could be told by Mr. Kutz and his wife concerning these early days on the West- ern plains. Our subject, accompanied by his wife, her parents and brother spent five weeks roaming over the prairie in search of a new home. Several of the party were taken sick when they were along Deer Creek in Cherokee County, and here they camped. They all took
up claims here, Mr. Kutz buying the 160-acre tract, where he now lives, in July, 1866. He built a temporary shack, 14 feet square, with no floor and a slab door, and then set about making a home. The party brought 52 head of cattle and seven horses with them. He has lived on this place ever since and has met with success, raising grain of all kinds and cattle, horses and hogs. He is well known over the county and well liked.
On February 13, 1862, Mr. Kutz was married to Mary C. Betzer, who was born in Vermilion County, Indiana, and is a daughter of Aaron and Esther (Ricketts) Betzer, her father a native of Ohio and her mother, of In- diana. Mr. Betzer was a farmer by occupation and died September 16, 1889. He and his good wife had seven children as follows : Anthony, deceased; Mary C, wife of our subject; Sal- isba, who lives in Missouri ; Isabelle, who re- sides in Galena ; Julia Ann, wife of William Rohrbough ; Isaac Wilson, of Oklahoma, and Josephine, deceased. Our subject and his wife have four children : Lovah E., who married John Pike of Columbus, Kansas, and has two children, — Fay and Floyd; Francis, of Sheri- dan township, who married Abbie Peters; Rosie E. ; and Daisy E., who married Wayne Ser- geant and has two children, Ruth Pauline and Olive Loretta. Religiously, they are mem- bers of the U. B. Church at West Mineral. Air. Kutz cast his first vote for Lincoln, and now casts his vote for the man best qualified for the office.
RANCIS EDWARD MILLNER, a prominent farmer and highly re- spected citizen of Cherokee County, is the owner of a fine farm of 160 acres in sections 19 and 20, township 7,^, range 25, in Shawnee township. He was born in
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Kings County, Ireland, June 13, 1839, and is a son of Francis and Hannah (Goodwin) Milkier.
Francis Milkier was born on the same farm as was the subject of this sketch. He was a farmer, miller and manufacturer of woolen fabrics, and also owned and operated a grist mill. His death was caused by falling from a horse, in 1841. In 1848 the widow, with her children, started for America, taking passage on the sailing ship, "Stephen Balway," and reaching their destination after a voyage of a little over six weeks. Their objective point was what is now Noble County, Ohio. There, a home was established, and there the devoted mother died, in 1856, having done all in her power to advance the interests of her children.
Mr. Milkier attended school as much as possible, but started very early to work on neighboring farms. He remained in Ohio until 1862, when he went to Idaho, where he se- cured work in the mines about 35 miles from Boise City. There he was employed two years and a half, and then returned to Noble County, where he resumed farming. He continued to farm in Ohio until 1887, when he sold his property and came to Cherokee County, Kan- sas. Three years after coming to this beautiful and fertile part of the State, he bought 80 acres of land, in section 19, in Shawnee township, and several years later purchased an adjoin- ing tract of 80 acres in section 20. This land has proven susceptible of a high state of culti- vation, and Mr. Milkier has successfully raised corn, potatoes, oats, hay and wheat. For the past five years, however, he has made hay his leading crop, cutting about 30 tons a season. He has also had very satisfactory results from raising cattle. On February 27, 1862, Mr. Milkier was married to Keziah Hamilton, daughter of Thomas Hamilton, of Noble Coun- ty, Ohio. They have had seven children, of
whom six survive, namely : Ada, wife of Ro- bert Settles, of Crestline; James Goodwin, of Shawnee township ; Hattie, who is at home ; Samuel S., of Sapulpa, Indian Territory; Francis Edward, Jr., of Miami, Indian Terri- tory, and William, of Weir City.
Politically, Mr. Millner is a Republican, but is not a seeker for political honors. He was made a Mason in Noble County, Ohio.
EORGE ROBINSON, a much re- spected retired citizen of Ross town- ship, where he owns 80 acres of rich mineral land in section 36, township 32, range 2^, was born in Westmoreland County, England, and is a son of John and Ann Robinson.
The parents of Mr. Robinson spent their lives in England and the subject of this sketch is the only member of his family who came to America. In the locality in which he was reared, the leading industry was iron ore min- ing, and before emigrating he worked in the ore mines there. In 1869 he came to the United States, and went to the mines in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, and subsequently to those in Co- lumbia County, where he remained four years ; thence he went to Stark County, Ohio, where he mined for six years. He then removed to Litchfield, Kansas, where he continued to work at mining until 1878, when he came to Cher- okee County. Mr. Robinson's experiences as a miner convinced him that much of the land in Ross township was rich in mineral wealth or coal deposits, and here he bought 80 acres of prairie land, in section 36, township ^2, range 23. This he made into a good home, but has devoted his energies mainly to the developing of the coal which underlies it. In 1882 he put down the Robinson shaft, which has proved a
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
source of large profit. This mine he has leased, and has erected a large number of miners' cot- tages on his place.
Mr. Robinson was married on July 18, 1861. to Mary Green, who was born in Cum- berland County, England, and they have had a family of six children, namely : John, a miner on the home place; James, a miner at Stippville, Cherokee County; George, Jr., a miner; Will- iam, a coal dealer; and Mary and Elizabeth, both deceased.
Politically, Mr. Robinson is identified with the Republican party, but has never accepted any office. He is a member of the Church of England, and Mrs. Robinson belongs to the Catholic Church. He has led a very active life, one of arduous labor, but he is now able to reap the rewards of his earlier industry. He is widely known, and is held in high regard by his fellow citizens.
HURSTON J. SKINNER. Of the in- dustries which have been developed in Southeastern Kansas in the past few years, that of raising small fruits and berries has become important. One of the most successful in this line is the gentleman whose name forms the caption of this review. Mr. Skinner lives in a beautiful suburban home near Columbus, embowered in shade trees, and with an ample lawn covered with flowering shrubs of every description. He is a pioneer in the busi- ness which he here conducts, having come to the county as a young man with his parents, in 1878. He came here from Noble County, Indi- ana, which was the place of his birth, in 1856. Mr. Skinner's father was H. H. Skinner, his mother, Julia M. Lisle (Skinner) ; both now deceased, the former, in 1899, the latter, in 1891. They were respected members of the agricultural class, and both were consistent
members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They came to the county with their five sons in 1878, and settled on a farm in Salamanca township, which they continued to cultivate until their decease. The names of the children were, — Harry, who died in 1897; Charles M., a farmer of Salamanca township; E. A., of Monmouth, Crawford County, Kansas; Ed- ward, of Monroe City, Missouri ; and Thurs- ton J., the subject of our sketch.
Thurston J. Skinner was reared amid rural scenes in the northern part of the "Hoosier State". His education consisted in what was taught in the ordinary country school. He be- gan life for himself while still in his teens, as clerk in a mercantile establishment, but since coming to Kansas has devoted himself to his present business. He met with success from the first and with each year's added experience, he has become one of the best "truckers" in Southeastern Kansas. In 1890, he leased the farm of 80 acres where he has since resided, and four years later became its owner by pur- chase. As he prospered, Mr. Skinner has con- tinued to improve this farm, planting fruit and shade trees in large quantity and variety. He has now nearly his entire farm of 80 acres set out in small fruits, vegetables and berries of various kinds, the whole comprising one of the most extensive fruit farms in this section. In addition to his own farm, he rents about 120 acres, which he uses for the same purpose. As an idea of the force required to operate an in- dustry of this kind, it is stated that in the win- ter, Mr. Skinner employs about a dozen men and in the summer anywhere from 25 to 50. In berry picking time, he has had as many as 300 people actively engaged on the place. The reader will rightly conjecture that Mr. Skinner is a man of splendid business qualifications, of progressive ideas and strictly up-to-date in his methods. He is a most courteous and com- panionable gentleman, a Presbyterian in re-
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ligious faith, and a Democrat in his political belief.
Julia Taylor, a daughter of William Tay- lor, of Salamanca township, became the wife of Mr. Skinner in 1889, and they have a daughter, — Frances Marie, — aged 9 years.
With a beautiful home, a charming wife and a lovely little daughter, with prosperity courting him on every hand, and with the re- spect and esteem of the whole county it would seem that the subject of this sketch has little need of the fabled Aladdin's lamp, in order that he may find happiness.
ILLIAM M. FRENCH, one of the representative citizens of Cherokee County, and deputy marshal of Weir City, was born in 1863 near Knoxville, Tennessee, and is a son of Jacob D. and Mary (McCammon) French.
Mr. French can trace his paternal line back to his great-grandfather, Frederick French, who was born in Pennsylvania and removed to Tennessee, where his five sons and three daughters were reared. Michael French, the grandfather, was born in 1800, near Lynch- burg, Virginia, and married Dorothy Kountz, who was also born in Virginia, but removed to Tennessee.
Jacob D. French, our subject's father, was born in 1836 in the vicinity of Knoxville, Ten- nessee, where he was engaged in farming until 1881, when he came to Kansas, and worked for a time in the coal mines at Weir City. He now lives in retirement in Kentucky. He mar- ried Mary McCammon, who was also born near Knoxville, Tennessee, and died at Weir City. Kansas, in December, 1901. The surviving members of their family of io children are as follows: William M., Samuel M., Eliza Jane, Martha, Marshall O., Albert B., Delia and
Arthur H., all of whom with the exception of the youngest were born in Tennessee. The mother of Mr. French was a daughter of Sam- uel McCammon, who came to America in 1802, settled near Knoxville, Tennessee, and became one of the prominent men of his day. In poli- tics, he was a Whig and served for six years as a member of the Tennessee State Legislature from Knox County ; he was also sheriff of the county for six years. He was the father of eight children, namely: Jane M., who married Caleb French, an uncle of William M. ; Wil- liam, who served through the Civil War in the Union Army as a lieutenant in the 2nd Reg., Tennessee Vol. Cav. ; Oliver P., a captain in the same regiment; Mary (Mrs. French); Thomas ; Samuel ; Martha and Clementine.
The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm in Tennessee until he reached the age of 18 years, and then accompanied his parents to Kansas, and assisted his father on a farm near Crestline, until he attained his majority. He married in 1884, and then farmed for himself in the same locality until 1887. At this period he became interested in coal mining at Weir City, and afterward at Waco, Missouri. In 1892 he went to Chicopee, Kansas, where he served as postmaster for two years, and worked in the coal mines until 1899. At this time he removed to Lansing, Kansas, and was con- nected, until 1902, with the penitentiary mines on the prison farm. Mr. French then returned to Weir City, where he was again interested in the coal mines until 1903. He was then ap- pointed deputy marshal of Weir City, a posi- tion he has filled ever since, with the utmost efficiency. In 1902, Mr. French went into partnership with his brother-in-law, H. M. Davis, in the furniture and undertaking busi- ness, but sold his interest in August, 1904.
In 1884, Mr. French married Norah A. Ferguson, a native of Illinois. They have four children, namely: Eveline, born in Weir City;
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Dorothy, born in Waco, Missouri; and Wil- liam E. and Naomi, both of whom were born in Chicopee, Crawford County. During Mr. French's residence in Crawford County, he served as one of the trustees of Baker township. In politics he is a Republican.
LEXANDER WADE, one of the rep- resentative farmers and good citizens of Mineral township, who owns a finely cultivated and well improved farm of 200 acres, situated in section 8, town- ship 32, range 24, was born in 1845 in Vir- ginia, and is a son of Govey and Susan (Bland) Wade.
Govey Wade was born in Indiana, and died in Lola township, Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1893, aged 75 years. His life had been de- voted to farming in different States. In 1851 he went to the southern part of Iowa, where he owned property and followed agriculture until 1875, when he came to Kansas, where he first took up 160 acres of land in Salamanca town- ship, and later, 160 acres in Ross township, both in Cherokee County. He married Susan Bland, who was born in Pennsylvania, and died in Lola township in 1895. They had 10 chil- dren, the survivors being: Lizzie Anna, Alex- ander, Thomas, Rachel, George, Palmira and Andrew. The two eldest, Elsah Jane (Baker) and Delilah (Harris), are deceased.
Mr. Wade was six years of age when his parents settled in Iowa, where he was reared and schooled, and was engaged in farming through the earlier part of the Civil War. In 1863 he enlisted for the war in Company G, 36th Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., and was honorably discharged in September, 1865, at Davenport, Iowa. In 1875 ne accompanied his father to Kansas and settled upon his present location, where he secured 160 acres, to which he added
40 acres in section 17, township 32, range 24. All this was wild prairie land, which the settlers had to break before they could begin to culti- vate. Mr. Wade now has a very fine farm which produces abundantly the grains of this climate, and he also has considerable stock and fine orchards. His life has been a busy one, but he has been rewarded in a very satisfactory manner.
On January 1, 1864. Mr. Wade was mar- ried to Adeline Marchbanks, who was born in Missouri. They have had a family of nine children, the seven survivors being : Mary, born in Iowa, who married G. W. Paxton, and has seven children, — Florence, Grace, Annie, Blanche, Doris, Jesse and William; Elijah M., born in Iowa, who married Maud Russem, of the Indian Territory, and has five children ; Alice, born in Iowa, who married Charles Wanger, and has one child, — Alexander ; Jesse, who was born in Iowa ; Laura, who was born in Kansas, who married Thomas Lotus, and has two children, — Mabel and John ; Andrew, born in Kansas, who married Mary Shoopman, and has one child, — Lawrence; and Annie who was born in Kansas and lives at home.
Mr. Wade takes considerable interest in politics, and now votes with the Populist party.
ENRY SHIDELER, one of the suc- cessful farmers of Cherokee County, who owns a fine farm in section 19, township 31, range 23, in Ross town- ship, consisting of 200 acres of good land, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, and is a son of Daniel and Sarah (Lower) Shideler.
Daniel Shideler was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, and his wife in Co- shocton County, Ohio. The father moved to Ohio in young manhood, following the trade of blacksmith. After his marriage, he moved
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to Jennings County, Indiana, where he lived from 1859 to i860, and then removed to Clay County, in the same State. In 1881 he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, where he died three months later. He was affiliated with the Republican party, but never accepted any politi- cal office.
Daniel Shideler's first wife died in Ohio, and the father married, for his second wife, Mary Culler, who was born in Holmes County, Ohio, and died in Clay County, Indiana. Both were members of the Dunkard Church. The four children of the first marriage were, — John, who died in the Civil War, at Mount Sterling, Kentucky; Henry; Alfred, who was also a soldier in the Civil War, being a member of the 71st Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf.; and Isaac. The children of the second marriage were as follows : George, William, Elizabeth and Clara, all deceased; and David O., who resides at Salmon, Oregon.
The subject of this sketch had few educa- tional opportunities in his youth, and attended subscription schools for but a short period. Through reading, observation and association with the world, he has cultivated his faculties until he is now able to rank in general culture with all with whom he is thrown in contact, but all his knowledge has been acquired by his own persistent efforts. He remained at home until the spring of 1864, when he was 18 years of age, and then enlisted as a private in Company G, 59th Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf. His service lasted a year and a half, during which time, he took part in the campaign made memorable by the "March to the Sea," with General Sherman. After the close of his army term, he returned home and went to work as a blacksmith and wagon-maker; he also taught school for a long period. In 1882 he came to Ross township, Cherokee County, and first bought 120 acres in section 19, township 31, range 23, in Ross township, which farm he has
increased to 200 acres. Here he has made sub- stantial improvements, and has one of the finest homes in the township. He raises wheat, oats and hay, and takes much interest in his cattle and stock, paying attention to their qual- ity as well as numbers. He is ranked with the superior farmers of this section.
In 1870, Mr. Shideler was married to Sophia Harbaugh, who was born in Coshoc- ton County, Ohio, and died in 1885, having been the mother of four children, namely: Capt. Harry W., a teacher for 14 years, and now county superintendent of schools of Craw- ford County, who was captain of Company F, 20th Regiment Kansas Infantry, U. S. Volun- teers, during the Spanish-American War; Daniel W., a teacher and farmer residing at Pittsburg, Kansas; John W., also a teacher; and Dora E., the wife of H. F. Painter, of Crawford County. In 1886 Mr. Shideler was married to Mrs. Susan E. Huffer, of Tippe- canoe County, Indiana, and they have two children, — Floyd and Goldie May, — both of whom are at home. The present Mrs. Shideler is the mother of two children by her marriage with Mr. Huffer, — Charles N., a teacher in Cherokee County, and Grace, wife of B. C. Marshbanks, of Labette County, Kansas. Mr. Shideler has given his children the best possible educational advantages, and they are a credit to him.
Politically, Mr. Shideler is a Republican, and has served on the School Board for 12 years. He is one of the leading members of the Dunkard Church in Ross township.
OHN B. PUTTKAMER, a prominent citizen, extensive land owner and suc- cessful prospector of Cherokee Coun- ty, has a well cultivated farm of 200 acres, in section 13, township 34, range 23, in
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Lyon township. He was born in the province of Pommerania, Germany, within 15 miles of the Baltic Sea, on August 30, 1855. He is a son of Baron Gustave and Johanna (Putt- kamer) Puttkamer.
Baron Gustave Puttkamer, father of John B., was born also in Pommerania, in the old home of the family, and on the estate which had been entailed since the days of serfdom. This estate comprised 7,000 acres of land, and the entail continued until 1864, when the value of the land was paid to the King of Prussia, and the entail was broken, according to the laws of Prussia. Baron Puttkamer spent his whole life in Germany. He had two brothers, both of whom were distinguished military men, one being a general and the other a colonel. His only sister married von Dorpophsky, who was a commander of the troops of Braun- schweig, in the war of 1870-71. Baron Putt- kamer disposed of 5,500 acres of the old estate, and the remainder is now owned by one of his sons. He was a man of strong political con- victions, and, although the wife of Prince Bismarck was his first cousin, he always opposed that statesman's methods of governing Germany.
The mother of the subject of this sketch was a relative of her, husband, — a cousin once removed. To their union 19 children were born, 10 of whom lived to maturity, viz : Anna, George, Jeskow, Helen, Erich. John B., Al- brecht, Elizabeth, Albertina and Fred. Anna (Richard) died in Germany. George and Jes- kow (twins) came to America, traveled through the Middle West, and took claims in Cherokee County, Kansas. Both returned to Germany, where George died and where Jes- kow is engaged in farming. Helen lives with a brother in Germany. Erich is a captain of police in Berlin, where he has been connected with the service for 25 years. Albrecht, form- erly a captain in the Germany Army, owns
2,500 acres of the old estate. Elizabeth is the wife of the owner of large estates in Germany. Albertina married an Austrian duke and died in Austria. Fred, who has been in America for 22 years, is now the owner of extensive timber tracts in the State of Washington.
The subject of this sketch had educational and social advantages in his own country, be- fore coming to America. He came to this country in November, 1873, w'tn tne purpose of joining a brother, with whom he worked for two years, but ill health discouraged him and he returned to Germany in 1875. After two years spent in his native land, he came back to Amer- ica and located in Texas. The next season he came to Kansas, and in the spring of 1878 made the deal by which he became the owner of his present fine property of 200 acres in Lyon township. When he settled here, only 15 acres had been broken, and all the cultivation and im- provement have been accomplished by him, or under his direction. He set out groves and orchards, erected a commodious home and substantial barns, and converted the place into one of the finest farms and most pleasant homes of the township. For the past two and a half years he has turned over the conduct of the farm to his sons, and with his eldest son has been actively engaged in prospecting in Colo- rado, Wyoming and California, and on Spring River, in Cherokee County.
On April 5, 1879, Mr. Puttkamer was mar- ried to Mollie Alsenz, who was born in Texas, April 20, 1858, and is a daughter of John and Sophia Alsenz, natives of Germany. The six children of this marriage who survive are: Gustave, who is prospecting with his father ; and Andrew, Herbert, Mabel, Joseph and Rose. One son, Cicero, died, aged three years.
Mr. Puttkamer has taken a very active part in township affairs, and has been a justice of the peace, road overseer and school official for a Ions; time. He is one of the solid, substantial
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men of his locality, — well known and highly esteemed. He is an active member of the Democratic party in Lyon township, and enjoys the confidence of many of the party leaders. Although Mr. Puttkamer was born in an- other country and still has a deep affection for the "Fatherland," he is in every essential, a loyal American citizen, who takes pride in his adopted land.
AMES MORROW, a prominent retired farmer who now resides at Columbus, but still owns his finely improved farm of 300 acres in Crawford township, was born in County Antrim, Ireland, in 1833, and is a son of George and Isabel (Dunlap) Morrow.
The parents of Mr. Morrow died when he was young and, as he was the eldest of the family of six children, more than the usual amount of responsibility fell upon his shoul- ders. Of this family he is now the only survivor, one brother, who also came to America, having since passed away.
In 1854, a young man of 21 years, Mr. Morrow came to the United States and found employment with the operator of a cotton mill in Pennsylvania, who had been a friend of the family in the old country. Two years later he went to Philadelphia, and there learned the trade of carpet weaver. This craft he followed for a time, but his ambition was to secure a tract of land and follow farming. Coming to the West, he located on a small tract in South- ern Michigan, at Tecumseh, and built a small house on it, which he later traded for 80 acres of land. Circumstances led him from Michi- gan to Missouri, where he managed a farm for two years. In 1862 he enlisted in Company A, 115th Reg. Illinois Vol. Inf., and served as a private soldier through the whole succeed- ing three years of the war, being mustered out
27
in 1865. He then returned to Illinois and later sold his Michigan land, which enabled him to buy a farm in Christian County, Illinois. There Mr. Morrow made his home until 1882, when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and lo- cated on a farm of 160 acres in Crawford town- ship, three miles south and a half mile east of Columbus. This he improved and enlarged, and engaged in a general line of farming.
Prior to coming to Kansas, Mr. Morrow married, in Illinois, Anna M. Ladd, who was born in Connecticut, but had resided in Illinois since childhood. At her death, one year later, she left one son, — William G., now of Colum- bus. Mr. Morrow married, for his second wife, Mary E. Throckmorton, who was born in Virginia, reared in Ohio, and later moved to Illinois. The only daughter of this marriage is Mrs. Ella M. Holcomb, who resides with her father at Columbus, and has two little daugh- ters,— Hazel and Theodora, — who are great pets and boon companions of their indulgent grandfather.
Formerly, Mr. Morrow was very active in the Republican party, but latterly has confined his interest to the mere duties of citizenship. For a long period he served as a justice of the peace in Crawford township.
While living in Missouri, Mr. Morrow joined the Masonic fraternity, and he belongs also to the Grand Army of the Republic. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and a citizen whose sterling traits of character command the respect of all who know him. Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Morrow ac- company this sketch.
ILLIAM WILLARD WHIT- MORE, who now resides on a compact little farm of 12 acres, in Cherokee township, has been a resi- dent of the State since 1872. having come to
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
this locality when pioneer conditions prevailed. Mr. Whitmore was born May 8, 1836, in Noble County, Ohio, and is a son of John and Eliza- beth (Archibald) Whitmore.
The father of Mr. Whitmore was born in Pennsylvania, and the mother, in Wheeling, Virginia, now West Virginia. Both died in Henry County, Illinois, the former, aged 96 years, and the latter, 76 years. The two sur- viving members of their 10 children are Will- iam Willard and his sister, Eliza, who is the wfe of William Bailey, and a resident of Ne- braska. John Whitmore was a millwright by trade, and built many grist mills and sawmills throughout Ohio and Illinois, a number of which are still standing and in use. He was well known as a reliable contractor and builder.
The subject of this sketch was only 13 years of age when he began to earn his living. He worked up from a humble position on a Mis- sissippi River steamboat until he became clerk, and for about seven seasons was employed in this capacity on steamers plying from St. Paul to New Orleans. In 1858 he married, and then settled in Henry County, Illinois, where he con- tinued to live until the fall of 1872. Then he moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, taking up a government claim of 160 acres of wild land. At that time there were no settlements in his vicinity. No roads had been laid out nor any public improvements made; nothing could be seen but miles and miles of undulating prairie. Here Mr. Whitmore put in some years of very hard work, and made a good farm. This he sold to advantage at a later period, with the proceeds of which sale he bought another which he also improved and sold. His present farm of 12 acres is highly cultivated. Here he lias made many substantial improvements, and here he is passing the evening of a busy, useful life, in the enjoyment of comfortable surround- ings.
In 1858, Mr. Whitmore married Julia
Stephens, who was born in Morgan County, Ohio. They have the following named chil- dren: Dora, Cora, Nora, Flora and Mora, (twins), Ora, Zora, Lora and Clora. Dora, who was born in Illinois, married John Mor- gan, and has one child, Lena. Cora, who was born in Illinois, married Arthur Goes, of Iola, Kansas, and has three children, — Blanche, Hazel and Xenia. Nora, who was born in Illinois, is the widow of Joseph Morgan, and has one child, — Juda. The twins, Flora and Mora, were born in Illinois ; the former married William Livingston, and has two children, — Bennett and Mora, — and the latter married Mary Naven, and has four children, — Lena, Joseph, Neil and Josephine. Ora was born in Miami County, Kansas. Zora, who was born in Cherokee County, Kansas, married Monty Arbuckle, and has two children, — Stewart and Fay. Lora, was born in Cherokee County. Clora, who was also born in this county, is the wife of Ross Reid, of Weir City, and has one child, Irene.
Politically, Mr. Whitmore is identified with the Democratic party. Since moving to his present location, he has not accepted any office, but while living on the farm he served for sev- eral terms as township trustee.
EORGE W. DOUGLASS, a pros- perous farmer of Cherokee County, who is located on a good farm in section 13, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township, was born in 1853 m Lucas County, Iowa, and is a son of Milton and Samantha (Bales) Douglass.
The father of Mr. Douglass was born in 1818 in Indiana and, after his marriage, on December 29, 1839, settled down to farming until 1 85 1, when he moved to Iowa, taking with him his teams and household possessions.
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In 1868 he again moved Westward, and lo- cated, with his wife and their 10 children, in Cherokee County, Kansas. He secured the southeast quarter of section 12, in Crawford township. He was one of the earliest settlers in this section, and at that time no one could have been found rash enough to predict that the present bustling city of Columbus would grow up on the prairie wilderness. His death took place July 26, 1897, at the age of 79 years. His wife was born in 1823, and died on the home farm in Crawford township, Cherokee County, January 23, 1899. For several terms Milton Douglass served as a member of the Board of County Commissioner? of Cherokee County, and he assisted in the organization of the Re- publican party, while in Iowa. This party he continued to support until President Grant's second administration. He was one of the lead- ing members of the Baptist Church in Lucas County, Iowa. He was the father of 12 chil- dren, namely: Mrs. Melinda Lane, born June 2, 1841, who lives in Columbus; Mrs. Eliza Vin- cent, born May 21, 1843, who resides in Brit- ton, Oklahoma; Martin, born June 26, 1845, who resides at Oswego, Kansas; Sylvia, born October 17, 1847, who died, aged 11 months; Lloyd Judd, born September II, 1849, who lives at Crestline, Kansas ; George W., who was born June 16, 1853; Mrs. Elizabeth A. Owens, born November 20, 1855, who lives near Crest- line; Joseph Benson, born April 9, 1858, who resides at Victor, Colorado ; Charles Ellsworth, born April 22, 1861, who was killed at Afton, Indian Territory, September 7, 1896; Noah Milton, born June 28, 1863, who resides at Shawnee, Oklahoma; William Walter, born January 27, 1867, who lives in Crawford town- ship; and one child who died in infancy.
The subject of this sketch has passed the greater part of his life in Cherokee County, the years 1874 and 1875. however, having been spent in Southeastern Missouri. Since he
reached the age of 20 years, he has made his own way in the world without outside assist- ance, and has met with deserved success. He is one of the substantial farmers and most highly respected citizens of Crawford town- ship.
On November 26, 1882, Mr. Douglass was married to Thula Ellis, who was born in Cocke County, Tennessee, August 6, 1863, and is a daughter of Richard Driskill and Sarah J. (Holdway) Ellis. They came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in April, 1869, and located two miles east of Crestline, where the father still resides, the mother having died in 1876. The three children of Mr. Ellis are: Mrs. Douglass; James Howard, of Columbus; and Elbert Hezekiah, a claim agent for the "Frisco" railroad.
Mr. and Mrs. Douglass have had four chil- dren, namely : Richard L., born February 9, 1884; Sarah E., born September 28, 1886; Walter, born August 27, 1890, who died No- vember 4, 1897; and Arthur Lloyd, born Feb- ruary 27, 1893. The children are all at home, and form a cheerful, intelligent family group.
Politically, Mr. Douglass is independent, or, as he facetiously puts it, "an orphan," — none of the great parties quite meeting the issues which he considers of paramount importance, while he thinks all have excellent ideas in their platforms. He is a man of domestic tastes, en- joys his home and his farm duties, and cares little for outside matters. He is a member of the A. H. T. A.
OHN RILEY BURROWS, one of the pioneer farmers of Cherokee County, resides in section 31, township 33, range 25, in Shawnee township, where he has a tract of 160 acres of land. He was born in Washington County, Ohio, September
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26, 1S37, and is a son of John and Electa (DaVal) Burrows.
Our subject's grandfather came to this country from Ireland and was shipwrecked during the passage, — being in the water a day and a half before he was picked up by a vessel. Upon his arrival he was indentured to pay for his passage, and finally settled in Ohio.
John Burrows was born in Washington County, Ohio, and followed farming there all his life. He hewed timber and hauled it to Beverly on the Muskingum River, and also farmed some on a tract of 40 acres that he owned. He was a member of the Sons of Honor. He married Electa DaVal and they became parents of 15 children, 13 of whom grew to maturity, as follows: James W., de- ceased ; Harriet, widow of Robert Mullin, who resides in Beverly, Ohio; Stephen D., deceased; Clarissa, wife of Jacob Stires, of Beverly, Ohio ; Elizabeth, deceased, who first married Ebenezer Voshel, and subsequently Benjamin I. McAtee; Jane, deceased wife of Shadrach Hall, of Galena, Kansas ; John Riley ; Polly, who died, aged 15 years; G. Royal, of Faulkner, Kansas; William H., deceased; Samuel, of Beverly, Ohio; Mary, wife of E. C. Sheehan, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; and Ellen, de- ceased. 1
John Riley Burrows lived on his father's farm until he was 18 years of age, and then paid his father $100 for the balance of his time. He worked for a time in the timber as a rail splitter, and then for four years, during the winter months, he was employed on flat-boats going down the river to New Orleans. These boats carried a line of general merchandise which they sold along the Mississippi. During his 2 1 st year he worked on a river steamboat be- tween Zanesville and Pittsburg, and in 1859 removed to Illinois, where he drove a stage dur- ing the winter. He was then employed on a farm until his marriage, on December 5, i860,
and shortly afterward contracted the ague, which resulted in his return to Ohio. In the spring of 1861, he again went to Illinois, and rented a farm, which he worked until 1864. In that year he enlisted in Company E, 61 st Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., and was sent to Murfrees- boro, Tennessee; he served with his regiment until it was mustered out. In the spring of 1866, Mr. Burrows started with his wife and two children, in a prairie schooner, for the Cherokee Neutral Lands in Southeastern Kan- sas. After numerous mishaps, and difficulties which confronted them on every hand, alter- nating with some pleasant incidents, they reached their destination and at first camped on the land which Mr. Burrows now owns. He was one of the first settlers and the country was virtually a wilderness. There were so few people that for a time Mr. Burrows feared no schools would be provided, and he was anxious that his children should receive a better educa- tion than he had been able to get. He raised wheat, oats and corn, and for a few years bought calves, which he shipped in car-load lots to St. Louis. On his property he has a good quarry of flagging sandstone, which he sells extensively. He furnished the stone for the walks, steps and porches of the Court House at Columbus.
On December 5, i860, Mr. Burrows mar- ried Nancy Wells Corey, a daughter of Thomas Corey of Hillsboro, Illinois, and they had eight children who grew to maturity, namely : Amanda M. ; William F., of Morrison, Okla- homa; Emma J., wife of William R. Nichols, of Shawnee township ; Electa H., wife of Grant Hicks, of Crawford township; Carrie, wife of Edward Walker, who lives near Hallowell ; James H., of Columbus; Julia, wife of Charles Noredike, of Columbus; and Charles H., of Crawford township. Mrs. Burrows was born February 6, 1838, and died August 19, 1903. She was first a member of the Lutheran Church
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and later joined the Christian Church, of which Mr. Burrows has been a member 36 years, and an elder, 30 years.
When the subject of this sketch first came to Kansas there was no civil law, and the set- tlers had to protect their claims. They held a meeting and elected a president, secretary and sheriff, Mr. Burrows being elected to the last- named office. As long as there was a G. A. R. post at Crestline, he was a member of it. He has written a detailed narrative of his trip from Illinois to Kansas, covering many interesting incidents, and describing the early experiences of the settlers in fighting railroad claims, and protecting themselves against horse thieves. Should this appear in print, it would prove of great interest to the public.
BIJAH PICKERING. Among the pioneers of the county, none can re- late more varied experiences of ear- lier days, of the wild, unbroken prairies, of failure of crops, and of many other hardships experienced by the first settlers of what is now the most progressive of all the great States found on the Western plains, than Abijah Pickering, pastor of the Friends' Church, whose home is located in section 29, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. He came to Kansas from Iowa, but was a na- tive of Tennessee, where he was born in No- vember, 1844.
His parents, John and Miriam (Beals) Pickering, were born, grew to maturity and were married in that State. In 1855 they moved to Jasper County, Iowa, where for 1 1 years John Pickering followed his chosen occu- pation of farming. In the fall of 1866, he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, having previously in the spring of that year, located a claim. He brought his family with him on his second trip
to his farm. The journey was made in a wagon and lasted six weeks. They took with them two ox teams and one mule team, four milch cows, two heifers and a drove of 30 sheep. The land on which they located in sec- tion 29, township 32, range 22, was wild, un- broken prairie, and he at once proceeded to put up a house and stable and began to make for himself and children a home ; the rest of his life was spent on this place, his death occurring here in January, 1895, an<^ tnat °f h's w^e in No- vember, 1882.
John Pickering was not very active in poli- tics, but always voted the Republican ticket in his early years, but later became a Prohibition- ist. He was the father of the Friendship Friends' Church, built in 1872, on the property he entered in Sheridan township, of which church he was for many years pastor.
The family numbered 10 children, as fol- lows : Mrs. Rachel Jones, living in Jefferson County, Tennessee; Abijah; Susanna E., who married Seth Janeway. and lives in San Diego County, California; William R., who resides in McCune, Kansas; Margaret A., the widow of E. A. Garrison, whose home adjoins the old place in Sheridan township ; Riley D., a farmer of Sheridan township; Rebecca, who died in 1873; Joseph, who died in April, 1902; Mrs. Hannah Gordon, now deceased ; and Luther J., principal of the Galena High School, of Ga- lena, Kansas.
Abijah Pickering, the subject of this sketch, had few opportunities of acquiring an educa- tion, as the schools of the early day were lim- ited in number and not of a very high grade. He lived at home until the age of 28, when he branched out for himself.
On March 1, 1874, Mr. Pickering was mar- ried to Vandela Wells, of North Carolina, a daughter of Solomon and Elizabeth Wells, who came to Cherokee County in 1868, and settled in Sheridan township. The father was a black-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
smith by trade, which occupation lie followed until within two years of his death. Our sub- ject and his wife have two children, as follows : Rhoda L., the wife of Rank Waugh, living on the old Waugh place; and Arthur T., who is single and lives at home.
After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Pick- ering located on their present farm in Sheridan township. The land cost $8 an acre, and was unimproved. It is now improved and all of the small grains are produced and horses and cattle are raised.
Our subject is a stanch Prohibitionist, and stands for all that is best in politics. As a pas- tor of the Friends' Church since 1895, he has been the means of bringing into the community higher ideals of Christian life and a consecra- tion to Christian work, seldom equaled in a country district. The church has a member- ship of about 140, all of whom are consistent Christians. Mr. Pickering's influence is not confined to his township but reaches even be- yond the limits of the county, and he is held in the highest esteem by all who know him.
ANIEL A. JESSUP, who is one of the enterprising and successful farmers of Ross township, where he operates a well improved farm of 160 acres in section 22, township 31, range 23, was born in Butler County, Kansas, October 16, 1871, and is a son of Solomon P. and Mary (Long) Jessup.
Solomon P. Jessup was a native of Michi- gan, and his wife, of Gosport, Iowa. In 1861 the father enlisted in Company E, 8th Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., which was recruited at Gos- port. With his company, he took part in many of the leading battles of the war, and at the battle of Shiloh. where so many of his com-
panions fell, he received a bullet through his left lung, which incapacitated him for further ser- vice. After his return from the army, he mar- ried and then removed to Butler County, Kan- sas, where he took up a homestead, and occupied it for 16 years. He sold that property and came to Cherokee County, where he located on what was known as the old Goodwin place, in the oldest settled portion of the county. Here he continued to farm until his death in 1889. His widow survived him until June 5, 1902. He was a valued member of the G. A. R. post at Cherokee, and always took an active part in its affairs. During his residence in Butler County, he served as a justice of the peace, and was one of the representative men of that section. In politics, he was a Republi- can. He was connected with the Christian Church.
Mr. and Mrs. Solomon P. Jessup had eight children, among whom the only death has been that of Doyle, the eldest, who lived but seven years. The others are as follows : Lillie, who is the wife of A. G. Bird, station agent at Noel, Missouri, for the Southern Pacific Lines; Dan- iel A.; Iva, who is the wife of Capt. Harry Shideler, superintendent of city schools at Girard, Kansas ; William, who is an employee on the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway, living at Cherokee; Frederick, who is a book- keeper at Stone City, Kansas; Purl, who is a member of Company G, 1st Reg., U. S. Inf., and is now stationed at Fort Wayne, Michigan ; and Grant, who is in the employ of the South- ern Pacific Lines at Spiro, Indian Territory.
With the exception of one winter, during which the subject of this sketch kept books for one of the local coal companies, he has been engaged in farming all his life, since he finished his school studies. He, like the other members of the family, had excellent educational advan- tages, completing both the common and high-
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school courses. He is serving as clerk of Ross township, and has been a school director for some time.
On September 23, 1900, Mr. Jessup was married to Alpha Entzminger. He and his wife are members of the Christian Church, and are liberal in its support. Politically, Mr. Jessup is a Republican, and takes quite a lively interest in public matters. His fraternal rela- tions include the Masonic Blue Lodge, No. 1 19, of Cherokee, and the Order of the Eastern Star. He belongs also to the Anti-Horse Thief Association.
EV. JAMES H. MOORE, a prosper- ous farmer of Lyon township, was for many years engaged in evangelical effort in this section, but has had no connection with such work during the past three years. He is a man of business ability and of recognized integrity, and stands very high among his fellow men. He was born in County Down, near Dublin, Ireland, in October, 1844, and is a son of James and Eleanor (Mena) Moore.
James Moore and bis wife were natives of Ireland, and both died in Johnson County, Kansas. The father was drowned in the Wa- karuso River in i860. They were the parents of five children, as follows : Mrs. Isabelle Gor- mel, of New York; Mrs. Margaret J. Jones, of Arkansas; James H. and George, of Cherokee County; and Robert, who died in July, 1903. The two last named were twins.
James H. Moore was three years of age when he was brought to the United States by his parents, who located in New York State, near Rochester. He was 13 years of age when he accompanied them to Johnson County, Kan- sas, making the trip to St. Louis by water, and thence overland to Kansas City. In July, 1862,
he enlisted from Johnson County in Company I, 12th Reg., Kansas Vol. Inf., under Colonel Adams, and during the first year was stationed at Fort Leavenworth, and at Wyandotte. He was then sent to Fort Smith, Arkansas, where the regiment remained one and a half years, being engaged in the Steele expedition. It was stationed at Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1865, and discharged at Lawrence, Kansas, in August of that year. At one time Mr. Moore was sent on detached duty to what is now Cherokee County, and arrived at Baxter Springs the day following the massacre, in 1864, receiving many impressions of the county which after- ward was to be his home. At the close of the war, he returned to Johnson County, Kansas, and afterward spent two or three years in At- chison County, Missouri, engaged in the lum- ber business. He then returned to Johnson County, where he remained for two years, and in 1870 started with his brother-in-law for Barry County, Missouri. They stopped, how- ever, at the wild border town of Baxter Springs, where Mr. Moore located on his present claim. He started a house, 14 by 16 feet in dimensions, but before its completion his money gave out, and he found it necessary to secure some work. He engaged in hauling freight from Columbus, Coffeyville and Chetopa, earning enough to complete his house. This house stood and was in use until three years ago, when it was torn down and the present comfortable home was erected. Mr. Moore broke 60 acres of land, and planted it to corn the first year. Vast changes have taken place since that early day, when the country was sparsely settled. He was obliged to go to Columbus for his mail, which is now delivered at his house. Among other improvements is the telephone, with which the up-to-date farmer is provided, and Mr. Moore has one in use. He owns 356 acres of land in sections 7 and 8, township 34, range 23, in Lyon township, and of this he has 15 acres set
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTS
out in fruit trees, which are yielding abund- antly. He was engaged extensively in stock- raising in past years, but at present devotes his attention principally to raising wheat. His place is known as "Valley View Farm." He is a Prohibitionist, in politics, and has been en- gaged in evangelical work for 17 years.
Mr. Moore was united in marriage with Perrylee Rochell. who was born in Tennessee, June 14, 1849, and is a daughter of James and Elizabeth Rochell. They have had nine chil- dren, namely: Ellen E., who died at the age of 22 years; Evaline M., who died at the age of 16 years; Vida M. L. ; Clyda M., wife of Homer Brewer, of Cherokee County; James J. ; Kate L. ; Isaac P. ; Rosa, who died at the age of three years; and Ruth E., who died in in- fancy.
T. LAIZURE. An example of what industry and intelligent management can accomplish in agricultural enter- prises in Southern Kansas is found in the career of J. T. Laizure, one of Cherokee County's prosperous farmers. Mr. Laizure has his residence on the northeast quarter of section 21, township 33, range 23, in Sala- manca township. He came to the county in the spring of 1874, from Madison County, Iowa, having moved there in 1856 from Ohio. Mr. Laizure was born in Harrison County, Ohio, on January 13, 1831.
The subject of this sketch was reared in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, to which county his parents removed when he was a child. Re- maining there until after his marriage, he went to Madison County. Iowa. There he rented land until 1864, when he purchased a farm in that county, which he continued to improve un- til failing health admonished him to seek a dif- ferent climate. On his arrival in Cher-
okee County, he settled on the southwest quarter of section 22, township 33, range 23, where he remained until 1901, the date of his removal to his present home. As he prospered, Mr. Laizure invested in land at different times. The place where he now lives, he purchased of James McEwan in 1876. He also owns a 40-acre tract in section 27 in Salamanca township. During his lifetime Mr. Laizure has been a very active worker. In his youth he first learned carpentering, and later blacksmithing, both of which he has utilized in connection with farming, having erected nearly all of his buildings, and having operated a blacksmith shop on the farm in his earlier years. His home farm presents a most thrifty appear- ance, with its fine orchards and well fenced fields, and the substantial character of its out- buildings.
Turning briefly to family history, the pa- rents of J. T. Laizure, William Laizure and Elizabeth (Trickle) Laizure, were natives of Ohio. The mother, who was of Irish ex- traction, died in 1838. The father was by oc- cupation a general tradesman, — shoemaker, carpenter, etc.,- — being especially noted for his skill in hewing timbers. His home was in Uhrichsville, Ohio, during the later years of his life. The subject of this sketch was the second of five children born to these parents, the others being now deceased.
Mr. Laizure was married, in 1854, in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, to Lovinia Gramm, who was born in that county in September, 1834, and was a daughter of Henry and Rachel (Prinkle) Gramm. Her parents, who were natives of Pennsylvania, removed to Ohio at an early day. The father was a miller by trade, and also followed farming. Later, they moved to Martin County, Indiana, in which county they made their home until their death. They had quite a number of children, most of whom are now deceased. Two sons, Henry
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and John, came to Cherokee County, Kansas, Henry being one of the earliest settlers of Salamanca township.
Of the 11 children born to Mr. and Mrs. Laizure, two died in infancy. The others are as follows : Mrs. Rachel A. Law, a widow re- siding in North Dakota; William H., of Canon City, Colorado; George W., who resides in Lyon township; James D., who is a farmer and resides near his father; Francis M., who resides in Salamanca township; Mrs. Mary Boston, of Hallowell ; Benjamin, who is connected with a railroad at Pittsburg, Kansas ; Edward, who is a Missouri farmer ; and Charles, a railroad man of Carthage, Missouri. These children are all filling responsible positions in their respective communities, and are a credit to their training.
Mr. Laizure, during his career in Cherokee County, has earned the commendation of all. He has ever been ready to forward the in- terests of education and good government, and has served with willingness in unsalaried minor offices at different periods. He supports, by his vote, the principles of the Reform party, is a member of the A. H. T. A., and both he and his family are worthy members of the Meth- odist Episcopal Cuhrch. His declining years are being spent among hosts of friends, who delight to do him honor.
E. SMITH, a prominent citizen of Mel- rose, who is engaged in general merchandising, also owns a fine farm of 160 acres in section 4, town- ship 35, range 22, in Neosho township. He was born January 1, i860, in Greene County, Pennsylvania, and is a son of Edward and Sarah J. (Graham) Smith.
The parents of Mr. Smith were natives of Pennsylvania. They were quiet farming peo- ple, and were highly respected in their locality.
where both died, the father having passed away when the subject of this sketch was a small boy. Of their 13 children, but three now sur- vive.
S. E. Smith was educated in his native township and remained on the farm in Pennsyl- vania until 1885, when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, which has been his home ever since. For 14 years he was engaged in farm- ing in Neosho township, but in 1900 he en- tered into mercantile pursuits at Melrose, where he has met with success, and has established an excellent business reputation.
In 1885 Mr. Smith was married to Martha J. Adams, who was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, January 14, 1853, and is a daughter of Elijah and Martha Adams. They have three children, — Gertrude A., Margaret L. and Albert R.
Politically, Mr. Smith is a Populist, and an influential member of his party. He was the first member of this party to be elected to office in the township, — serving two years as trustee. He has been selected as his party's candidate for county commissioner and county treasurer, and on both occasions received a flattering support. Fraternally, he belongs to the Woodmen and to the Home Builders.
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LLIS DAVIDSON. Twenty-seven years of residence in Cherokee coun- ty are sufficient to make one eligible to enrollment among the "Old Set- tlers," although there are a few that came to the county even before the Civil War. The gentleman whose honored name is mentioned above has been a continuous resident, engaged in farming, since the 18th day of July, 1877, and during the intervening years has estab- lished a most enviable reputation for industry, and for integrity of character. He came to
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
the county from Christian Count)-, Illinois, his birth having taken place in Greene County, Illinois, April 1 1, 1834. He lives at present on a farm in section 12, township 33, range 23, in Salamanca township, owned by Mrs. Anna Lisle.
Mr. Davidson is a son of Ellis and Mar- garet (Wright) Davidson, both of whom came from the "Blue Grass State," of which the mother was a native. The father removed to Kentucky with his parents, when a child, from the Broad River country in North Carolina, and settled in Barren County. In this county Mr. Davidson's parents were reared and mar- ried, and in 1829, with their two children, they removed to Greene County, Illinois. There the remainder of their family of 11 children were born, and there the mother died in the early "seventies," aged 69 years. The father in later years resided in Christian County, Illinois, where he died in 1877, aged 87 years. Of their children, there are now five sons and one daughter living, — all in Illinois except the sub- ject of this sketch, J. W., a former resident of Cherokee County, but now of Colorado, and Elijah, also a former resident of the county, but now of San Francisco, California.
Ellis Davidson was reared to man's estate in Greene County, Illinois, receiving a com- mon-school education. He remained dutifully at home until he was of age, when he began farming on his own account. His marriage took place in Greene County, Illinois. Mrs. Davidson was born in 1843, and is a daughter of Willis H. Springgate. To Mr. and Mrs. Davidson have been born the following chil- dren: Lou E. and Lou Allen (twins), the former being the wife of John E. Watts, of the Laflin-Rand powder works, and the latter re- siding at home; Ross W., a farmer of Ross township, and former register of deeds of Cherokee County ; Mrs. Effie Taylor, of Sheri- dan township; Ambrose L., deceased; Hobart,
who is in the lumber business near Blytheville, Arkansas ; Hazel A., deceased at the age of three years; and Clyde C, a former student at the Manhattan Agricultural College, now pre- paring for the teaching profession at the State Normal School, who has just reached his ma- jority.
Previous to his locating in Kansas, Mr. Davidson had made two trips to the State. In 1859 he followed the old Santa Fe trail as far west as the famous point known as Pawnee Rock. He crossed the Neosho River at what is now Council Grove, and while visiting there in later years was able to locate the ford by certain landmarks. Again, in 1869, he was in Cherokee and Labette counties, and visited for a period in Oswego. These trips so impressed him that in 1877 he decided to make this sec- tion his home. He purchased of a Mr. Brooks a farm in Sheridan township, three miles north of Hallowell. This he cultivated until 1 89 1, when he made a trade for the farm of A. D. Watts in Ross township, consisting of 320 acres, which he sold prior to his removal to his present home. In his different farming ventures Mr. Davidson has always succeeded where others failed, as he is a most observant student of agriculture in its various scientific phases.
Fraternally, Mr. Davidson has been a life- lond Mason, having been initiated at Mount Auburn, Illinois, in Kedron Lodge, No. 340. He was also one of the organizers of the A. H. T. A. He was formerly a member of the Baptist Church.
Three score years and ten finds Mr. David- son in the enjoyment of good health, the es- teem of friends and neighbors, and the love of his children. The life he has lived has not been spectacular, but it has been that of a good, honest, loyal citizen, whose greatest satisfaction is in the high regard in which he is held throughout the countv.
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EORGE BURTON, a prominent citi- zen of Cherokee County, has been for the past 24 years a resident of Hallowell. He is a member of the board of managers of the Kansas State Sol- diers' Home, and is identified with public offices and private business enterprises. He was born in Jasper County, Illinois, October 1, 1841, and is a son of Alfred and Hettie (Burch) Burton.
Alfred Burton was born in Greene County, North Carolina, in 181 1. and was 10 years old when he accompanied his parents to Indiana, and went with them, in 1839, to Illinois. There he entered land in Jasper County, and died, aged 56 years. In early life a Democrat, he later became a Republican. He married Hettie Burch, who was born near Louisville, Ken- tucky, in 1812, and died in Montgomery Coun- ty, Kansas, aged 60 years. They had nine chil- dren, the four who survived infancy being: George; Wesley, who died 16 years ago, leav- ing a wife and two sons ; John, deceased : and Mrs. Hettie Gooding, of the State of Wash- ington.
The subject of this sketch was reared on his father's farm in Jasper County, Illinois, and was living the quiet life of an agriculturist dur- ing the early years of the Civil War. On Jan- uary 11, 1864, he enlisted in Company B, 97th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., under Capt. G. W. Armstrong and Col. Victor Bifquin, and served two years and five months, mostly in the South. Before seeing any active service, he suffered from an attack of smallpox, at Springfield, Illinois. Upon the close of the war, he returned to Jasper County and in the fall of 1866 re- moved to Coles County. There he was engaged in farming until March, 1870, when he came to Kansas and settled in Neosho County. He followed farming there for three and a half years, and then bought a farm in Montgomery
County. During his residence there, he served several years as trustee of his township.
In 1880, Mr. Burton located at Hallowell and embarked in the hardware business with Columbus Thompson, under the firm name of Burton & Thompson. This continued one year, when Mr. Burton went into the grocery line and conducted a store for two years. He then became interested in insurance and real estate, a business he successfully handled until the election of President Harrison made him the appointee of the administration, as postmaster of the town. After serving five years he re- sumed his real estate interests, in the meantime filling many responsible political positions.
He took a very active part in promoting the party harmony which resulted in the elec- tion of Governor Stanley, by whom he was later appointed a member of the board of managers of the Kansas State Soldiers' Home, at Fort Dodge. To the work of the board Mr. Bur- ton gave such faithful attention that his services were deemed necessary through another term and after serving five and a half years, he is still holding this responsible position. Other offices in which he has acceptably served the people are of a local character, mainly as trus- tee of different townships, but the duties of all have been faithfully performed.
On November 8, 1868, Mr. Burton was married to Elizabeth Harris, who was born in Jasper County, Illinois, April 11, 1843, an^ died June 26, 1903. She was a daughter of Daniel and Ellen (Van Natta) Harris, of Ken- tucky. The only survivor of their five children is Ellsworth L., who is the present prosecuting attorney of Labette County, Kansas.
Ellsworth L. Burton was born at Mattoon, Illinois, in April, 1868, but was reared in Kan- sas. He attended the common schools, spent one year at the Fort Scott State Normal School, and then began the reading of the law at Co-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
lumbus, with Col. A. S. Dennison. After being admitted to the bar, be engaged in practice, forming the well known firm of Wheatley & Burton, of Columbus. He then went to Scam- raon, where he served two years as city attor- ney. Later he served one year in the same capacity at Oswego, and in 1902 was elected county attorney of Labette County. He occu- pies a very prominent position in legal circles in Cherokee and Labette counties.*
For the past 28 years, George Burton has been an elder in the Christian Church, during which time he had advanced its interests in many sections, founding churches and estab- lishing religious communities. For two years he traveled for the Southeastern Kansas Con- ference.
Politically he has been firm in his adherence to the Republican party, and is one of its con- fidential advisers in this locality. For more than 16 years he was a member, and a part of the time chairman, of the Republican County Central Committee and has had the pleasure of being a delegate to the conventions which nominated Governors Stanley and Bailey. He belongs to Colonel Givens Post, Grand Army of the Republic, at Hallowell, and was a dele- gate to the National Encampment held at Chi- cago. His fraternal associations include the Masons and various insurance organizations.
ILLIAM NORTH, formerly propri- etor of a general store and postmas- ter at Faulkner, but now living re- tired, is one of the sturdy old citi- zens of this county, where he has lived for many years. He is a veteran of the Civil War. and bears an honorable record for service in the Union Army.
Mr. North was born in Randolph County,
Illinois, March 1, 1835, and is a son of Levi North. The latter was born in Maine, and re- moved to Illinois when a young man. He was a shoemaker by trade, and for some years man- ufactured shoes and sold them at wholesale. He conducted a general store at Horse Creek, Randolph County, Illinois, for several years, and then went to Evansville, Illinois, where he conducted the first ferry across the Okaw River at that point. He subsequently went to Baldwin and taught school, dying there in 1851, at the age of 65 years. He was captain of the militia at Kaskaskia, Illinois, and had numer- ous skirmishes with the Indians. He married Catherine Allen (a daughter of William Allen), who was born in Georgia, but at an early age moved with her parents to Ohio, and then to Ilinois, where she died in 1849, aged 43 years. Twelve children, — six sons and six daughters, — were the result of this union. Five sons served in the Civil War, Thomas being in Company K, 81st Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., and Levi, Robert, Jasper and William serving in Company A, 31st Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., under Gen. John A. Logan. The five boys fought over 500 days in all and, although all were wounded, four of them returned to their homes, Jasper was wounded in the battle at Fort Donelson, and died soon after, but not of his wounds.
William North was 12 years old when he moved to Evansville, Illinois, with his parents, and six years later located at Baldwin, Ran- dolph County, Illinois. He remained there until 1852, and then went to Perry County, Illinois, where he farmed, and worked at the trade of millwright and carpenter. In Septem- ber, 1 86 1, he enlisted as a private in Company A, 31st Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf., under General Logan, and participated in the following en- gagements : Belmont, Fort Henry, Fort Donel- son, Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, Cut Levee at
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Lake Providence, Louisiana ; Raymond, Fort Gibson, Ingram Heights, Jackson, Mississippi ; Champion Hill, siege of Vicksburg, Kenesaw Mountain, Duck River, and Decatur, Alabama. He participated in the Black River expedition, lasting 40 days, and took part in 100 days of actual fighting, all told. He was wounded in the right shoulder at Fort Donelson, and was shot through the right thigh at Kenesaw Moun- tain, after which he was in the Rome hospital until his discharge. After three years and 15 days of service, he was mustered out with the rank of sergeant. He also served in the re- cruiting office for six months prior to the war's close. He returned to his home in Perry County, Illinois, and followed farming and his trade until 1880, when he came West to Kan- sas. He first located in Cherokee, Crawford County, where he followed farming for a period of eight years, after which he came to Chero- kee County and purchased a farm of 220 acres in sections 3 and 10, township 34, range 22, in Neosho township. He was engaged in rais- ing stock extensively until about 1898, having about 100 head of Shorthorn and Durham thor- oughbreds. In that year he located in Faulk- ner, purchased a stock of general merchandise, and followed this business successfully until September 5, 1904, when he sold out, and has since lived in retirement. He was appointed postmaster during President McKinley's first administration, and continued to serve until he disposed of his store.
In 1863, the subject of this sketch was joined in marriage with Nancy Maxwell, who was born in Missouri, June 10, 1843, an<^ died July 12, 1901. They were the parents of the following children : John Jasper, of Kansas City ; Charles A., born March 3, 1866, who was murdered on November 1, 1889; Malcolm James, of Kansas City; William Henry, of Kansas City; and Emma May, wife of George Crosby. On March 5, 1903, Mr. North formed
a second union, wedding Catherine E. Schetzer. Religiously, he and his wife are members of the Christian Church.
RS. MARY J. KANATZER, a well known and highly esteemed resi- dent of Shawnee township, Cher- okee County, Kansas, residing on a finely cultivated farm in section 12, town- ship t,^, range 25, was born in Greene County, Tennessee, November 10, 1850, and is a daugh- ter of Hiram and Esther (Reed) Proffitt.
The great-great-grandfather of Mrs. Kanat- zer emigrated from England. Her great- grandfather was born in Sullivan County, in Eastern Tennessee. Her father, Jeremiah Proffitt, was born in Sullivan County, Tenn- essee, as was his wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Cox. Jeremiah Proffitt's mother was born in Sullivan County and died there.
Hiram Proffitt was born in Sullivan County, Tennessee, June 13, 1829. He re- moved in boyhood with his parents to Greene County, that State, where he was reared. The opening of the Civil War found him a loyal and patriotic supporter of the government, and he enlisted at Cumberland Gap, Tennessee, on October 1, 1861, in Company C, 2nd Reg., North Carolina Vol. Inf., U. S. A., and was discharged on August 16, 1865, at Knoxville, Tennessee. On one occasion he was taken prisoner and was confined in a military prison at Mobile, Alabama, for eight months. Prior to the war he rented land and was engaged in farming. After the close of his military serv- ices, he bought a farm in Tennessee and oper- ated it until 1868, when he moved to Illinois. He continued to farm there until six years ago, when he moved to Neosho, Missouri, where he now resides, an honored citizen. Mr. Proffitt has been married three times. In
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1 848 he was married to Esther Reed, in Greene County, Tennessee, who was born in that county and was a daughter of Solomon Reed. She died in 1873 in Illinois. A family of 13 chil- dren were born to this marriage; 10 of these reached maturity, as follows : Mary J. ; Eliza- beth, deceased, who was the wife of Charles Alcorn; Jesse E., deceased; Rufus M., of Mc- Loud, Oklahoma; Eliza C, who was the wife of A. J. Pitman, of Smithfield, Missouri ; Mar- garet, the wife of Elijah Close, of Alton, Illinois; Solomon; John and Daniel (twins); and Charles E., of Santa Anna, California. On the 13th of August, 1878, Mr. Proffitt mar- ried his second wife. On June 13, 1894, he married Mrs. Matilda Proffitt Morris. This was a "runaway" match, as the bride and groom went from Rice County, Kansas, to Oklahoma, and were there married without the knowledge of his family.
Mrs. Kanatzer was reared in Tennessee and accompanied her parents to Illinois in 1868. She was married on March 1, 1869, to Joseph Kanatzer. The two children born to them are, — John, of Neosho, Missouri ; and Cordelia, who is the wife of John Phillip, and has two children, — Pauline and May. Mr. Phillip operates the farm in Shawnee township, left by the late Mr. Kanatzer, who was a successful farmer, and a much respected citizen. Mrs. Kanatzer was reared in the Baptist faith, her parents having belonged to that church.
HARLES D. ASHLEY, of Columbus, was born in Colebrook, Ashtabula County, Ohio, May 3, 1854. His father, Rev. John Ashley, who was for 40 years a minister of the Free Will Bap- tist Church, was born in Canada, but his pa- rents moved to Huron County, Ohio, when he was three years of age. His mother's name
before marriage was Betsy Vaughn, but she died when he was but two years of age and his father married Francis S. Proctor, when he was three years old and she was always a good mother to him. During Charles D. Ashley's boyhood days, his parents resided in Ohio and Michigan at places where his father was en- gaged in his ministerial labors and he was sent to the common schools and given a Christian training at home. When he was 15 years old, his father gave him his time that he might earn money to go to school and he afterwards at- tended school for some time at the North West- ern Normal School at Republic, Ohio, and later spent one year at Hillsdale College, at Hills- dale. Michigan. He supported himself and paid his own way at school. He taught school for several months and afterwards began the study of the law with Wickham & Wildman at Nor- walk, Ohio. He took a two-years course and was a close student, enjoying the work of fit- ting himself for his chosen profession. He was admitted to the bar before the District Court, at Cleveland, Ohio, after a very thorough ex- amination which was conducted by five of the ablest lawyers of that city, four of whom had been on the bench in that State.
Soon after he was admitted to the bar, Mr. Ashley came to Kansas, arriving in Cherokee County, about the first of April, 1879, and that spring he formed a partnership with C. O. Stockslager, who had a good law practice at Galena. Stockslager & Ashley had a good practice, but only remained together for one year, when Mr. Stockslager gave up the prac- tice for a time that he might attend to his min- ing interests. Mr. Ashley continued in the practice with much success at Galena, until the fall of 1882, when he was nominated by the Republican party and elected prosecuting at- torney of Cherokee County. He then removed to Columbus, where he has resided and prac- ticed law ever since. He held the office of
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county attorney for two years and although a young practitioner at the time he made one of the best public prosecutors in the State and was very successful in his cases. He was not a candidate for renomination, but in the fall of 1888, while he was in Ohio, visiting with his wife and daughter, the Republicans again nom- inated him for prosecuting attorney and he was elected by a good majority, receiving 200 more votes than Harrison was given in this county for president. During the last two years that Mr. Ashley was the public prosecutor, he only lost two cases which he prosecuted before a jury in the District Court of Cherokee County, and during that time he convicted many who were sent to the penitentiary. He was always ready to try his cases when they were called and never prosecuted any one out of malice or to satisfy the spite of any complainant. He has always been in favor of the enforcement of the prohib- itory liquor law of Kansas, having ardently supported the amendment to the Kansas Consti- tution when it was adopted, and he believed that the law should be enforced and whenever he had the evidence that it had been violated he prosecuted the violator and convicted many of this charge, collecting several thousand dollars in this way for the school fund of the State. Mr. Ashley has had much experience during the past 25 years in the prosecution and defense of criminal cases and is considered one of the most successful criminal lawyers of the State.
Mr. Ashley has recently filled the position of assistant attorney general for Cherokee County, Kansas, and has prosecuted success- fully some 26 out of 70 cases wherein indict- ments were returned by the grand jury and there are some 25 yet to try out of the num- ber, who have been arrested for violations of the prohibitory liquor law. He has not yet had a single acquittal and out of 10 cases which were taken to the Supreme Court of this class of
cases he has won nine and one is still pending in that court. The Attorney General of Kan- sas requested him to take full charge of the cases in the lower and in the Supreme Court, which he did.
As a lawyer, whether in civil or in criminal practice, Mr. Ashley has few equals in South- eastern Kansas. The success which he has at- tained has given him a high reputation, and he is widely known among members of the bar of the State. He is a close student, is of keen and ready perception, thoroughly prepares his cases and is a very earnest and able trial lawyer. He is strictly honest and bears that reputation wherever he is known. He insists that it re- quires integrity as well as ability to make a good lawyer. He always guards the interests of his client with much care and never begins a case simply to get a fee.
Mr. Ashley was married to Clara B. Keefer, in Kansas City, Missouri, May 20, 1880. They have two children, — a daughter 22 years old, now Mrs. Stacy Haines ; and Charles Dickens, a son, nine years old, — and one grandson who is but a few days old, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Haines.
Mr. Ashley's family are attendants of the Presbyteran Church and have been for many years; he is a member, but his wife and daugh- ter are not members of any church but are be- lievers in Christianity. Mr. Ashley is a mem- ber of the Modern Woodmen of America,. Woodmen of the World and Ancient Order of United Workmen. He has been successful in his business and has recently built a good, modern residence on his property, which is in the best part of the city. He has always taken an active interest in politics, being a Republi- can, but has refused every opportunity for office except that of public prosecutor, and he only accepted that as it was strictly in the line of his profession. He has a very high regard for his
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profession and believes that it furnishes as good an opportunity for usefulness as one could wish. He thinks a great deal of his family and can be found at his home almost any evening.
ICHAEL FLEMING, a well-known and highly respected farmer and stock dealer of Cherokee County, resides on his finely improved farm of 160 acres, situated in section 3, township 32, range 23, in Ross townshp. He was born in County Kerry, Ireland, September 29, 1828, and is a son of William and Margaret (Mc- Guire) Fleming.
William Fleming and his wife lived and died in Ireland. The father was a large stock dealer in County Kerry, and was considered a man of importance in his neighborhood. The four children of the family were : James and Patrick, both of whom died in Ireland; Mich- ael; and William, who retains his home in Ireland.
The subject of this sketch remained at home, assisting his father in the business of stock buying and selling, until he was 24 years of age. He attended the local schools during his boyhood, and grew up intelligent and am- bitious. A great desire possessed him to own a home and farm, and, realizing that Ireland at that time offered few such rewards of labor, he determined to cross the ocean to America, where thousands of acres of rich farming land awaited settlement. He arrived, on a sailing vessel from Liverpool, in the port of Boston. Massachusetts, on June 10, 1852, but several years of hard work intervened between him and his goal. Landing with only $2.50, the home and farm seemed very far distant. Through the succeeding 14 years which passed before he secured them, Mr. Fleming worked hard and lived economically. He lived in man)' places, —
Worcester, Massachusetts, different parts of the State of Indiana, and Newton County, Mis- souri. Late in the year 1873, he reached Cher- okee Count}', Kansas, and secured the farm of 160 acres, where he still resides. He mort- gaged his farm to stock it, but never had cause to regret this as he was soon able to put himself into comfortable circumstances, and free him- self of all debt. Mr. Fleming has bought and carried on general farming, producing wheat, sold much stock, has raised a great deal and has corn and oats. Out of wild prairie land he has made one of the best farms in his section of the county. His first home was a small farm house, which he bought and placed on his land ; later he built his present, comfortable residence. He has about 80 acres under cultivation, the rest being devoted to pasturage and other pur- poses.
Mr. Fleming was first married in Ireland, to Mary Reedy, who at death left one son, Patrick, now a farmer and stock dealer in Ire- land. The second marriage was to Johanna Denyen, of Cork, Ireland, who died without issue. His third wife, Hannah Sullivan, whom he married in Montgomery County, Indiana, was a native of Kings County, Ireland. They had four children, — Margaret, wife of John Carlson, of Ross township ; William, of Weir City; Ellen, wife of Patrick Wiwn, of Kansas City, Missouri ; and Mary, wife of James McNulty, who lives near Guthrie, Oklahoma. The fourth wife was Fannie O'Malley, a native of New Jersey. The children of this union are : John, who lives at Mineral ; Michael, who mar- ried Maggie Ryan, and lives in Ross township ; Theresa, wife of T. E. O'Brien, of Colorado; and Edward, Kate, Agnes and David.
The Fleming family are all members of the Catholic Church at Mineral. Politically, Mr. Fleming is a Democrat, but he has never sought office, preferring to give his time and attention to his personal affairs. He is widely known
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and much respected. While his life has been one of unremitting toil, he has reached a point when he can enjoy some ease and recreation. In 1884 he made a trip to Ireland and visited his brother and son, and the scenes of his boy- hood and early manhood.
EWIS R. WESTERVELT, a well known farmer of Sheridan township, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, March 9, 1841, and lives on 160 acres of land in section 22, township 32, range 22. He is a son of William and Isabella (McMur- ry) Westervelt, who were Eastern people, the mother being a native of Franklin County, Ohio, and the father, of New York. The pa- ternal grandfather, Matthew Westervelt, of New York State, died in Columbus, Ohio, and the maternal grandfather, J. McMurry, died in Franklin County, Ohio.
William Westervelt was married in the State of his birth and lived there many years engaged in farming and fruit raising. The town of Westerville was named for him. The family came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1867 and settled on a 160-acre tract of land, — the southwest quarter of section 34, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. By his own unaided labor our subject's father im- proved the land and made for himself and his family a good home. A stanch Republican in politics, he always stood for what was to him the right. Both Mr. Westervelt and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The family consisted of 10 children, as follows: Lewis R., subject of this review; Joseph, living in Bremer County, Iowa; Ezra, who was drowned in 1868; William, a farmer of Labette County, Kansas; Israel R., who lives on the old place in Sheridan township; Clara (Mrs. Joseph Brown) , of Lola township ;
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Emma (Mrs. Hodgin), deceased; Dora (Mrs. Henry Dewey), of Independence, Kansas; Sarah (Mrs. Alford Dawson), of Ross town- ship; and Mary (Mrs. Jacob Carpenter) of Lola township. Before settling in Kansas, the family moved to Bremer County, Iowa, where the father secured a large farm and was con- sidered a wealthy farmer.
Lewis R. Westervelt, as one of a large fam- ily, had little chance to acquire an education. He remained with his parents until the Civil War, when he enlisted in Company B, 14th Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., at Waverly, Iowa, Au- gust 15, 1862. He participated in the fighting at and around Vicksburg and took part in many skirmishes. He was in one of the three new- companies added to the 16th Army Corps. After his discharge at Davenport, Iowa, in 1864, he went back to the old home in Bremer County.
On August 30, 1862, Mr. Westervelt was united in marriage to Martitia Tibbetts of Iowa. Their family consists of eight children, as follows: Martha L. (Mrs. M. Hall), of Sheridan township, who has three sons, — Hugh, Ross and Carl ; Asa, who married Sarah Peters and is a farmer in Sheridan township; Arthur, who married Orvilla Hall and has two children, — Glen and Ruth; Cora (Mrs. Ed. Smith), of Sheridan township, who has four children, — Carrie, Elsie, Homer and Elda; Clayton Lewis, a teamster of Ross township; Nellie (Mrs. James Hall), of Sheridan town- ship, who has four children, — Zona Mabel, Myrtle, Ray and Ernest; Fred, a farmer of Sheridan township, who married Mattie Pick- ering; and Simon, who lives at home. By a second union, with Mrs. Annie Freeman, nee Bavard, a son, Harry, was born, who resides at home. The third wife bore the maiden name of America M. Lovelace; she is a native of Missouri, and still survives.
In October, 1867, Mr. Westervelt located
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on the place where he now lives. The land was wild, only seven acres being under cultivation and there were no roads. The buildings on the place consisted of a small log house. However, there was plenty of game, and the man who could make a "Figure 4" trap could have quail on toast every morning if he so desired, or if he could handle a gun he could have baked wild goose or duck for dinner during the spring or fall, while as to rabbit stew, that could be be served at any hour in the day, for rabbits were as common as grasshoppers.
Our subject, not satisfied with only 160 acres of land, added to the original property from time to time until he now has 460 acres of fine land, about 300 acres of which is under cultivation. All the small grains are produced and large quantities of hay put up every year. Horses are raised for use on the farm, besides other stock.
Mr. Westervelt takes a great interest in politics, always voting the Republican ticket. A member of the Baptist Church of Sheridan township; he stands for that which is for the good of the community always, and is well known throughout the county as a man of up- right character and honesty of purpose, a man trusted and liked by all. Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Westervelt accompany this sketch.
ALTER L. BRADSHAW, the pro- prietor of a general merchandise store at Crestline, is a well known citizen of Cherokee County. He was born in Maries County, Missouri, Decem- ber 9, 1866, and is a son of Henry C. and Nancy A. (Fritz) Bradshaw.
The subject of this sketch is a grandson of Skelton Bradshaw, whose father came to this country from Scotland, locating in New York State. Henry C. Bradshaw was born in New
York State and died near Lowell, Kansas, July 28, 1895, aged 56 years. When a small boy he was taken by his parents to Illinois, near Bloomington, where he was reared to manhood. He was 18 or 19 years old when the family moved to Muscatine, Iowa, and when the Civil War broke out he was living in Missouri. He enlisted at St. Louis, in Company H, 24th Reg., Missouri Vol. Inf., and immediately saw ac- tive service. He was wounded at Tupelo, Mis- sissippi, and for a time was confined in a hos- pital, afterwards rejoining his regiment. He served three years and six months, and was mustered out at St. Louis. He then took up farming in Maries County, Missouri, and con- tinued in that occupation until he removed to Galena, Kansas, in 1879. Here he mined one year, and then purchased a farm on which he continued until his death. During the last 12 years of his farming, he made a specialty of the raising of potatoes. He planted from 10 to 20 acres in potatoes each year, being the lar- gest producer in the county, and disposed of them in the home market. His death was the result of an accident, brought about by his team becoming frightened and running away. He was a Republican in politics. Fraternally, he was a member of the Galena Post, G. A. R. ; and of the A. O. U. W.
Henry C. Bradshaw was married, in Mis- souri, to Nancy Fritz, a native of Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Philip Fritz. Four children were born to them, namely : Walter L. : Laura, deceased wife of J. L. Phillips, of Galena ; Rob- ert A., of Crestline; and John E. They were members of the Christian Church, of which Mr. Bradshaw was a deacon.
Walter L Bradshaw remained with his parents until he was 22 years old, working on the farm during the summer and in the mines in winter. At that age he prospected for him- self, with some success, and subsequently farmed for four years. After mining again for
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18 months, he went to the Cherokee Nation, In- dian Territory, and was engaged in general merchandising for two and a half years. He next returned to Galena, and in 1891 purchased the general merchandise store of V. K. Hocket, at Crestline, which he has since conducted with good results. He also has a farm of 80 acres, which he has rented out.
In September, 1891, Mr. Bradshaw was united in marriage with Jeanette Wentzell, a daughter of William Wentzell, of Lowell, Kan- sas. They had five children, three of whom are living, namely : Ira O., Ray and William H. Politically, the subject of this sketch is a Re- publican. He was trustee of Garden township one year, and takes an earnest interest in party affairs, although never a seeker for political honors. He is a member of Crestline Lodge No. 476, I. O. O. F. ; the Rebekahs ; Lodge No. 139, A. O. U. W. ; and the Anti-Horse Thief Association. Mrs. Bradshaw is a member of the Christian Church.
F. SMYRES, a very successful fanner and breeder of fine horses, who is lo- cated on the northwest quarter of sec- tion 27, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township, and is a large land owner in other parts of the country, was born April 13, 1855, in Hocking County, Ohio, and is a son of Lewis and Martha (Fink) Smyres.
Lewis Smyres, who came of French ances- try, was born in Hocking County, Ohio, and lived there until he was about 48 years old, when, in 1861, he moved to Wabash County, Indiana, where he made his home until his death, in 1894. He was a farmer and stock- raiser and was widely known as a breeder of of fine, heavy-draft horses. His farm was lo- cated in the Hocking Valley coal district, the underlying coal beds being still undeveloped
when he sold out. His wife was also born in Hocking County, of Scotch parentage. Her father, who died at the age of 98 years, was a Methodist preacher, and was the father of five preachers, three of whom still survive. Two of his sons served in the Civil War, one as a general and one as a colonel, while the father had served in the Mexican War. Mrs. Smyres died in Hocking Valley while the sub- ject of this sketch was a babe. She left two other children, viz : D. P. Smyres, of Rice County, Kansas ; and L. A. Smyres, an attorney in Champaign County, Illinois. By a second marriage, the father reared eight other chil- dren, who reside in Wabash County, Indiana.
H. F. Smyres was reared and educated in Indiana, where he attended Valparaiso Col- lege under the noted Professor Brown. His active life has been devoted to the breeding of fine standard horses, but he has also taught school and farmed extensively. He first came to Kansas in 1884 and settled in Rice County, where he secured a farm and made his home for nine years. Then he sold that property and removed to Ellsworth County, where he still owns 320 acres of land, which is known as the "Smoky Hill Ranch." He also has 400 acres, known as the "Frenchman's Valley Stock Farm," in Phillips County, Colorado. In March, 1900, Mr. Smyres came to Cherokee County, and purchased his farm of William Duncan. He has taken a deep interest and much pride in his high-bred horses, among the most valuable of which were : "Gray Harry," a pacer, with a record of 2:14, and the sire of over 40 horses which have made records be- low 2:25; "Billy, the Twister," 2:15; "Prairie Girl," 2:19 1-4; "Lydia R. Smyres," 2:24 1-4; and "P. D. 0.," 2:12 (in a trial heat).
Mr. Smyres was married in Indiana, to Emily E. Ridenour, who is a daughter of John and Lydia (Elwood) Ridenour, of German and English ancestry, respectively. John Ride-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
nour was one of the oldest residents of Wabash County, Indiana, where he died aged 82 years, being survived by eight children. He was one of Wabash County's most esteemed and sub- stantial men. Mr. and Mrs. Smyres have one daughter, — Lydia R., — who is an instructor in vocal and instrumental music, and a performer of ability. Her talent is well known, and her services are frequently given in the cause of charity. Mrs. Smyres is a member of the Ger- man Lutheran Church.
Politically an adherent of the Republican party, Mr. Smyres has always refused office, his attention being devoted to his personal business. He is fraternally connected with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Improved Order of Red Men.
ENRY BENJAMIN BOGGS. A work devoted to the history of Cherokee County and the men to whom she owes her marvelous development, would be incomplete without mention of Henry Benjamin Boggs, a prominent farmer, living on the southwest quarter of section 7, township 33, range 23, in Salamanca township. Mr. Boggs came to the county March 20, 1875, from the State of North Carolina, where he was born September n, 1851, in Alamance County.
The family of which Mr. Boggs is a worthy member, has been represented in North Caro- lina since the earliest colonial days. His pa- rents were Allen and Caroline (Isley) Boggs, both of whom died when he was a child. In the family were one brother and two sisters, all of whom came to Cherokee County. They were as follows : Jerry A., a former merchant, but now a clerk for a coal company at Weir City ; Cornelia Ann, who married Henry Isley, and died at Weir City in 1902 ; and Mary Jane,
deceased in 1882, who was the wife of J. Pick- ering, also deceased.
Mr. Boggs remained in his native State until he was 23 years of age. He passed his boyhood on a farm, and was later apprenticed to the carpenter's trade. As before stated, he came to Cherokee County, in the spring of 1875, drawn by the possibilities here existing for the poor man. He located first in Sheridan township, but after two years, rented land in section 9 in Salamanca township, where he re- mained about five years, and then purchased from the railroad company the east half of the northeast quarter of section 8. This farm remained his home until 1895, when he sold it and purchased the piece of land on which he now resides. Mr. Boggs, since coming to the county, also resided for a period of two and a half years in Columbus, during which time he was engaged in carpenter work and bridge building. Indeed he has at various times made use of his knowledge of carpentry, since coming to his present location, having assisted in the construction of the Larlin-Rand powder mills. The different farms with which Mr. Boggs has had to do have all shown the marks of his in- dustry and intelligent management, in their im- proved condition. He is looked upon as one of the best farmers in the county.
During his residence in Cherokee County, the subject of this sketch has always been alive to the interests of the different communities in which he has resided. His hand and his purse have been at the disposal of his neighbors, when it came to the building of school house or church, or any other improvement which had for its object the betterment of society. Not an office seeker, he has never yet shirked the duties of the minor and unsalaried offices in the township and school district. He was for 1 1 years a member of the School Board in District No. 74, and has for the past eight years been a member of the School Board of his home
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district, No. 101. He was also a member of the board of trustees of Salamanca township, having been clerk of the board for several years. In matters of business, Mr. Boggs is wide awake and up-to-date, hailing the advance of each new idea with a helping hand. He was actively interested in securing the advantages of a telephone system in his neighborhood, and was secretary of what was known as the Sher- win Junction Telephone Company. Mr. Boggs has been quite a traveler, having been across the continent to Portland, Oregon, — up to Vancouver Island, going via Seattle, Washing- ton, and returning to Kansas by way of Spokane, Washington, and visiting other points of interest.
In political action, Mr. Boggs inclines to the Democratic party, although he demands clean men and sound principles ; otherwise he reserves the right to vote independently. He is a firm believer in the fraternal principle, and has been a potent factor in building up the A. H. T. A., serving his local lodge as presi- dent. In Masonry, also, he has taken a deep interest, and at present is serving as master of Prudence Lodge, No. 100, of Columbus.
Mr. Boggs was married in 1877 in Cher- okee County. Prior to that period, Mrs. Boggs was Barbara J. Isley. She is a native of North Carolina, from which State her parents moved, about 1867, to Kansas. They first located in Lyon County, but after a short period came to Cherokee. To Mrs. Boggs five children have been born, namely : John A., Dora, Elmer, Gertrude and Jerry S., of whom the three last named live at home. John A., the eldest son, who has passed his majority, has traveled ex- tensively on the Pacific Coast, and was for a year in the employ of the Central Coal & Coke Company at Bonanza, Arkansas. Dora, the elder of the two daughters, is the wife of Ed- ward Best ; they reside at home with Mr. Boggs, together with their little daughter, Gertrude.
Gertrude, the younger daughter, is a member of the class of 1905 in the County High School at Columbus.
The foregoing will serve to acquaint the reader with the standing of the subject of this sketch in Cherokee County. Both he and his family receive, as they merit, the highest es- teem of all citizens of the county.
HOMAS W. DORSEY, secretary of the Democratic County Central Com- mittee, and a successful real estate dealer and leading business man of Faulkner, was born in New York City, Febru- ary 22, 1872, and is a son of Andrew and Catherine (Welch) Dorsey.
Thomas Dorsey, his grandfather, was a na- tive of Ireland, and was one of the first school teachers in County Mayo, while his maternal grandfather, James Welch, was game warden on one of the large preserves situated in the same county.
Andrew Dorsey was born in 1849 in Frank- fort, Kentucky, but was taken to New York by his parents when they became residents of that State. Being of a roving disposition, he determined to see something of the world, and became quite a traveler, working his way and visiting England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and many points on the Continent. Returning to the United States, he became a contractor in Indianapolis, and continued in that business until he had accumulated sufficient capital to enable him to retire from active pursuits. He then purchased a fine farm near Joplin, Mis- souri, upon which he resided until his death, which occurred August 28, 1904. He also in- vested in city property. He was a stanch Demo- crat, and a man of sterling character and worth. He was married to Catherine Welsh, who was born in County Mayo, Ireland, in 1856. Their
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
marriage was solemnized in Edinburgh, Scot- land, and was blessed by the birth of seven children, namely: Thomas W. ; William A., a resident of Neck City, Missouri; Peter J., who lives in Kansas City; Mrs. Margaret Coonts, of Joplin, Missouri ; Mrs. Katie Porgen, of Coffeyville, Kansas; Mrs. Fannie Richards, of Joplin, Missouri ; and Mary, who died at the age of 1 6 years.
When Thomas W. Dorsey was but a few months old, his parents moved to Indianapolis. In the fall of 1878 they located in Caldwell County, Missouri, which was his home until the spring of 1897. He was there extensively engaged as a stock-raiser and agriculturist, fine stock being his especial pride. Indeed, he has not been able to entirely give up his pleasure in this respect and annually raises about half a hundred fine, pedigreed Poland-China hogs, al- though he has been mainly interested in buy- ing grain since coming to Faulkner. He erected a building 38 by 16 feet, in dimensions for scales, granary purposes, etc., and has built up a good, paying business. In addition to this, he is frequently asked to act as auctioneer, and the sale of many farm properties has re- sulted through his instrumentality. Besides two lots in Faulkner, he owns a fine farm of 80 acres in Neosho township, and has been closely identified with the public spirited, enter- prising men who have been such important factors in building up the county. Mr. Dorsey is a Democrat, and has exerted no little in- fluence in politics, being a stump speaker of force and vigor. He has held the office of justice of the peace since he has been a resident in Faulkner, and for the past four years has been the efficient secretary of the Democratic County Central Committee. Through his ex- ample and influence he has raised the standard in the schools of his township, and is a man who may always be relied upon to favor any public improvement. He is a member of the
Roman Catholic Church, and a prominent Odd Fellow, having passed through the chairs. He is corresponding secretary of Lodge No. 108, Anti-Horse Thief Association, and has assisted in capturing some of the many thieves who at one time infested the State, and were a menace to its prosperity and order.
AMES R. PETERS. Among the wealthy and influential citizens of the county, none stands higher in the public esteem and can count more real friends, than James R. Peters, a farmer living in section 15, township 32, range 22, in Sheri- dan township. He was born in Dutchess County, New York, November 4, 1839. His father, John Cotton Smith Peters, was the owner of and ran a cotton factory for many years. Going South when our subject was only six months old, he died there of yellow fever.
The mother married a second husband, Stephen Griffin, whose occupation was milling. The two children of her first marriage are : George A., deceased, and James R., our sub- ject. To the second marriage were born a son and a daughter, both of whom are living: John, a miller at French Creek, New York; and Ella, who lives in Pennsylvania.
In 1844, Mrs. Griffin and the children moved to Chester County. New York, where she died in 1846 and our subject was left alone in the world when only seven years of age. From the time of his mother's death, he lived out among relatives, and received rather harsh treatment, and had no advantages whatever. His schooling was sadly neglected, and little chance if any was given him to obtain even a common education.
Mr. James R. Peters married Harriet A. Morgan, a native of New York State. She was born in Clymer, in the aforenamed State,
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on February 17, 1842. The family consisted of five children, three of whom are living, as fol- lows : Sarah A., the eldest child, born Novem- ber 15, i860, who is the wife of Asa Wester- velt, a farmer of Sheridan township; Ella O., born October 15, 1862, who died two years later; Abbie C, born September 9, 1869, who married Francis Kutz, of Sheridan township, and had six children, of whom five are living; Emma E., born May 15, 1878, and deceased August 28th of the same year; and Pearl Estella, born December 18, 1879, who married Henry Bucklen, of Kansas, and has one son, — Gordon.
Ahasuerus Peters, the grandfather of our subject, was a Methodist Episcopal minister in Connecticut.
After his 15th birthday our subject went to work for himself and by selling stock and doing different kinds of work in and about Clymer, New York, he, by the hardest labor, accumu- lated enough to buy a farm of 130 acres. He started with the small sum of 50 cents and is now possessed of about ten thousand dollars. In October, 1879, he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and located on 80 acres of land in Sheridan township. Later he added another 80 acres to his first purchase, and has now nearly 160 acres of improved land. The first year of his residence in the county he raised 40 bushels of wheat, 114 bushels of oats and 1,800 bushels of corn. His farm now produces all of the small grains besides large quantities of hay. Mr. Peters has dealt in stock quite ex- tensively and keeps numbers of horses, cattle and hogs. He has also been engaged in the loaning business, having large amounts out at a time.
In politics our subject is a stanch Republi- can and is very active as he is one of the leaders of his party in the county. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and is well known in religious circles.
His success here as well as during his more youthful days is due to his habits of industry and to his perseverance and well directed efforts, the latter being the keynote of success in any line.
OHN T. CARVER, a representative of the pioneer days of Kansas, is a prominent agriculturist of Garden township, and has witnessed the won- derful transformation of this section from a wide stretch of prairie to cultivated farms and populous communities. He was born on Shoal Creek, Newton County, Missouri, April 4. 1840, and is a son of Richard and Mary Jane (Simmons) Carver, the former a native of Ohio and the latter, of Virginia.
Richard Carver came of a well known Ohio family, and of a large family of children but .one survives, who lives in Neosho, Missouri, at the advanced age of 92 years. The father of our subject followed farming in his native State until 1838, then came West with his fam- ily to Newton County, Missouri, making the trip in a covered wagon. He later moved to what was then known as McGee County, Kan- sas, then a part of Bourbon County, but now Cherokee County, settling one mile east of Baxter Springs on what is known as Starr Prairie. He lived there, except during the war, and engaged in farming and stock-raising until 1866, when he moved to the farm on which our subject is located in section 36, township 34, range 25, in Garden township. They had vis- ited this claim as early as 1849, ar>d hired a young Indian and a white man named Lee to spear two barrels of fish, which they did at the lake at Cedar Bluff, the fish being so plentiful that they had a great plenty within the short space of two hours. The claim was owned by Ira Goddard, a quarter-blood Cherokee Indian.
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During the Civil War, Goddard died and the property came into the possession of his son James, who was a i6th-bood Cherokee. He had "head-right" to a tract of 320 acres. The Cherokee Neutral Lands were incorrectly sur- veyed and upon a new survey being made it was found that the new line was a half mile south of the one established before by the gov- ernment. James Goddard put in his claim for the 320 acres due him under the treaty, which took up the claim previously purchased by Richard Carver. Thus this tract became an Indian reservation until the Carver family com- promised with Goddard, paying him $1,000 to relinquish and give Mr. Carver the right of preemption and immediate possession. Since that time the Carvers have been in continuous possession of this tract of land. Two double, hewed-log houses, now in use as barns, sur- rounded by a rail fence, were on the place at that early date, having been built by the In- dians. This section abounded in deer, wild turkeys, prairie chickens and ducks, and prai- rie wolves were numerous west of Baxter Springs. Richard Carver was an Odd Fellow and a Mason. He died on this claim March 23, 1872, his wife having died near Lawrence, Kansas, in 1862. Six children blessed their union, namely: William, deceased; Joel, de- ceased ; Stephen, of Quapaw, Indian Territory ; John T. ; Mrs. Rebecca J. McGinnis ; and Al- mira, deceased.
John T. Carver was reared on the farm and received a very limited amount of schooling, such education as he received being through his individual efforts. In the latter part of June, 1 86 1, when the first Federal soldiers came to Southwest Missouri under General Sigel, he accompanied his father to Neosho, Missouri. Being so well acquainted with the country, he was engaged by General Sigel to act as guide on July 3rd of that year. The forces moved
north to Carthage and at a forking of the road he was detailed as guide for two companies to go north of Neosho on Shoal Creek. On the morning of July 4th, they went along the La- mar road until Coon Creek was crossed, when they came in sight of the Confederate Army on a high hill. A line of battle was formed and the skirmish following was in favor of the Con- federates. General Sigel returned with his army to Carthage on his way to Springfield, and as Mr. Carver was not needed further as a guide he was discharged. In 1862 he en- gaged as a spy and scout for General Double- day and continued throughout the remainder of the war in that service. He then returned to his home and has since given his attention to agricultural pursuits. A fine orchard was set out, which is now yielding well, and in 1898 he erected a comfortable home. He has been very successful as a business man and is a pub- lic spirited citizen. He was elected township trustee for a term of two years, but did not serve the full term, resigning the office on ac- count of poor health. He was also a school officer, and was clerk of the school district for a period of 26 years. Politically, he is an enthusiastic supporter of the Republican party. In 1867, Mr. Carver was united in marriage with Clemsey Clark, and after her death mar- ried, in 1870, Kate Gandy, a native of Kansas. They became the parents of six children, two of whom died in infancy ; those living are : Charles, who married Cleo Tindall and has two children, — Lila and Ever; Emma, who mar- ried Charles Porter, and has three children, — Roy, Ray and John ; John, who lives at home with his parents ; and Myrtle, the wife of Charles Smith, of Joplin, Missouri. Mr. Car- ver is a member of the Old Settlers' Associa- tion of Cherokee County. A picture of the Carver family accompanies this sketch, being shown on a preceding page.
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ARRY H. BROOKHART, M. D., one of the most successful and well known physicians of Cherokee Coun- ty is Dr. Harry Brookhart, of Scam- mon. He was born in Hainesville, Missouri, in 1872. His early mental training was ob- tained in the public schools of his native place, and he graduated from the high school when very young. Later, he attended the Medical Department of Washington University, in St. Louis, Missouri. He finished the course, grad- uating in medicine in 1895. After graduating, he immediately began the practice of his pro- fession in Missouri, where he lived for four years. In 1899, being convinced that a greater opportunity awaited him farther West, he moved to Kansas, locating at Scammon, where he has since made his home.
His marriage occurred in 1891. His wife's maiden name was Maggie Miller, of Pittsburg, Kansas. They have only one child, Harry Carter, born in Scammon.
Mr. Brookhart's parents were Dr. Jacob F. and Mary (Bryant) Brookhart, the father being a native of Maryland, and the mother, of Kentucky. The parental family consisted of eight children, five of whom are living, — Cecilia, Ella, John, Iva and Harry H. Dr. Jacob F. Brookhart was a graduate of the Louisville (Kentucky) Medical College, in the class of 1847. He immediately began the prac- tice of medicine, and was engaged in that pro- fession all his life. As a Southern Democrat, he was very prominent in the politics of his State, having been a member of the Legislature at one time. During the war he was a surgeon in the Confederate Army under Lee, and served during the entire conflict. At one time he was taken prisoner in Arkansas, but was later ex- changed. His death occurred in 1888. at the age of 64 years. His wife died in 1877, at the age of 49 years.
David Brookhart, the grandfather, was of German descent, and a native of Pennsylvania, but removed to Maryland, afterward living in Kentucky and Missouri. He died in Missouri, at the age of 87 years. The father of David Brookhart came from Germany with two brothers; one settled in the South, one in the North and one in Pennsylvania.
Dr. Brookhart's residence in Scammon has been most helpful to the community, as he has taken a keen interest in everything that is for the advancement of its financial and social in- terests. He is a good "mixer," courteous and agreeable, painstaking and careful in his diag- nosis of cases, and has built up an extensive practice.
R. STROTHER, a prominent and popular citizen of Galena, was born at Louisa, Lawrence County, Ken- tucky, September 7, 1853, and is the oldest of a family of six sons and one daughter born to his parents, Anthony S. and Aura (Reeves) Strother, all of Kentucky.
Mr. Strother's boyhood was passed on his father's estate in the country and his educational advantages were only those to be secured in the little log, country school house. Although he came of old and honored ancestry and bears a name well known in his native State, the state of the family fortunes in his early manhood made the ambitious young man dependent upon his own resources for advancement. The home of the youth for a time, during the Civil War, was on the border, where he could see the out- posts of the Federal Army on one side and those of the Confederate on the other. With less ambition his life might have been one of vast difference, for his days were necessarily- spent in exhausting work and his preparation for the bar was made entirely by himself, in the
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evenings. Thus undirected he succeeded and in 1 88 1 was admitted to practice law, begin- ning in Grayson, Carter County, Kentucky, where he soon was elected police judge and served there until 1884. In the following year he moved to Southwestern Kansas, entering into practice at Ashland and Englewood, Clark County, serving as the first city attorney of the latter place and two years as justice of the peace at the former. Removing then to Jasper County, Missouri, he settled at Webb City and was soon elected justice of the peace there and served as such for six years, when he came to Cherokee County and located at Galena in 1900, entering upon the practice of his profession. In August, 1904, he was appointed to fill out the unexpired term of Justice of the Peace Spiva and is performing the duties of this office at present.
On December 20, 1878, Mr. Strother was married to Rebecca S. Nethercult, who was born in Carter County, Kentucky, and they have two children, viz : George S. and Ora B., aged respectively 18 and 15 years.
Mr. Strother has been an active public man since he reached his majority and has been a masterful force in the Democratic party and closely identified with party leaders. His fra- ternal connections include membership with the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Eagles. Since locating at Galena Mr. Strother has taken a public spirited interest in the city and its development. He has established his permanent home in the city, purchasing the valuable property on the corner of Sixth street and Bellevue avenue, in East Galena. His office is located on the corner of Fifth and Main streets, opposite the City Hall.
Mr. Strother was called upon in early life to endure some rough discipline, but the re- sults have proved that this only made his char- acter stronger. His wide experience in the law, his legal knowledge and a judicial temperament
have brought him unusual professional success, while his high sense of honor and unsullied integrity have brought him the confidence and esteem of his professional brethren and the pub- lic. A particularly genial personality has al- ways insured him a wide circle of friends.
ASIL WIGGINS. Among the prom- inent and wealthy farmers of Chero- kee County who have retired from ac- tive work on their farms, is Basil Wiggins of Crestline, Shawnee township. He was born May 25, 1829, in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and is a son of John and Eliza- beth (Jeffries) Wiggins, both natives of Penn- sylvania.
John Wiggins was reared on a farm in Pennsylvania, and after arriving at man's es- tate followed farming most of the time, al- though for several years he carried freight be- tween Baltimore and Brownsville, over what was then called the "National Pike." In 1836 he moved to Holmes County, Ohio, and was there engaged in farming, until he was so ad- vanced in years that he was compelled to give up the heavier work of the farm. He died in 1868 at the age of 65 years. Some time before his death, he became a member of the Metho- dist Church, the family having previously been Friends. He always evinced a great interest in politics, being in earlier years a Whig, and later a Republican. For seven years, he served in the capacity of treasurer of his township. His first wife, Elizabeth Jeffries, who was a daughter of Elias Jeffries, of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, died in April, 1830. Their family consisted of three children, namely : Margaret, who married P. C. Bolsinger, and lived in Colesburg, Iowa, where the deaths of both occurred ; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of Maxwell Dearth, of Fayette County, Pennsylvania ; and Basil.
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A second marriage was consummated in Febru- aiT, ^35, the bride being Martha Buchanan, of Pennsylvania. Of the children born to this union, eight grew to maturity, as follows: Jane; Harrison, deceased; Eunice; Ellen; Henry ; Albert ; John and Robinson, a member of the Union Army, who was killed at South Mountain, Maryland. Henry came to Kansas in 1869, and founded the town of Crestline.
Basil Wiggins was reared on a farm in Ohio, and lived with his parents until 185 1, when he went to Colesburg, Iowa, where he was engaged in farming for 14 years. In the fall of 1865 he concluded to find a home farther West, and moving to Kansas located near Fort Scott. There he farmed for 18 months, and then bought a claim in Shawnee township, Cherokee County, where he has farmed the greater portion of his time for many years. In 1882 he was given the place of mail carrier be- tween Crestline and Pleasant View, and later Weir City was added to the route. For 15 years and seven months, his coming was the harbinger of good or bad news to many people. His face became a familiar and welcome one to all on his route, while he numbered among his numerous acquaintances many people, who were not residents of the towns where the mail was delivered. Mr. Wiggins owns 104 acres of fine farm land, all under cultivation, and all at present rented out. In 1900 he added to his possessions by the purchase of the Dr. Adams place, where he now resides.
In politics, Mr. Wiggins was formerly a Democrat, but later became a Populist. He was at one time honored with the office of treas- urer of his township, in which capacity he served for four years. For 47 years, he has been a member of the I. O. O. F., having held all the chairs ; he belongs to Columbus Lodge, No. 387. He has been a member of the Re- bekahs at Crestline, and of Western Star En- campment No. 26, of the I. O. O. F.
On August 22, 1 86 1, Mr. Wiggins married Rebecca E. Craig, a daughter of Curtis N. Craig, of Clermont County, Ohio. Her mother was a native of Kentucky, her father of Penn- sylvania. Mrs. Wiggins is a consistent mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and when possible has been an active worker in that church during her membership.
Mr. Wiggins has reached an age when most men lay aside all interests and cares, but al- though in feeble health, and suffering some- what from asthma which he has had from childhood, he is still active to a large degree. One of the early settlers of the county, he is now left almost alone, many of the friends of former days having passed away. But in the decline of life, in a pleasant home, surrounded by all the comforts of our modern times, he may be happy in the satisfaction of having lived a good life and of duties well done, and in the en- joyment of the esteem of neighbors and friends.
E. SKINNER, secretary and head bookkeeper of the A. Hood & Sons Implement Company, at Columbus, is also one of the most successful poultry raisers west of the Mississippi. He was born in 1855 in Albion, Indiana, and is a son of Alfred and Samantha (Cary) Skinner. The parents of Mr. Skinner were residents of Indiana until 1881, when they removed to Labette County, Kansas, and settled near Os- wego. Both of them are now deceased. The members of the family now living are the sub- ject of this sketch and his brother and sister. His brother is freight agent for the Santa Fe & Colorado Southern Railroad Company, at Pueblo, Colorado; and his sister, Mrs. Lillie Smith, is a resident of Lola township, Cherokee County.
O. E. Skinner was reared and schooled in
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Indiana, and took a complete business course at an Indianapolis commercial college. He came to Cherokee County in 1880, and began car- penter work for the firm of Branin & Bunch, but gradually drifted into his present occupa- tion of a poultry fancier. He owns 40 acres of suitable land on which he has 45 buildings, miles of poultry fence, and all the equipment necessary for the successful carrying on of this business. Mr. Skinner pays particular atten- tion to fancy stock, and poultry from his yards brings fancy prices. He enjoys the work and it affords a relaxation from his duties as cashier and bookkeeper with one of the large business concerns of Columbus.
In Indiana, Mr. Skinner married Ella Buchan, who was born in Ohio, and is a cousin of former State Senator Buchan, of Wyan- dotte County, Kansas. The only child of this marriage is deceased.
Politically, Mr. Skinner is one of the active Democrats of this section.
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ES. F. WOLFE. The rapid commercial development which has come to South- eastern Kansas in the last decade has attracted to the centers of its popu- lation a stirring, energetic class of young pro- fessional men, who always prove the life of the community. They are fresh from the seats of education, generally of good birth and breed- ing, and bubbling over with enthusiasm in the line of their different professions. They are of course first anxious about their own success, but as that is always more or less dependent on the prosperity of the communities with which they cast their fortunes, they can always be depended on to put their shoulder to the wheel and "push the town along." In this volume will be found mentioned a number of these young men, and we here present, as one of the most worthy members of the bar of Cherokee
County, Jes. F. Wolfe, the only member of the legal fraternity in the stirring village of Scam- mon.
Mr. Wolfe was born in Salem, Marion County, Illinois, in 1876. His parents came to the "Sunflower State" when he was but a child, so that he is a product of Kansas, in education and training. His elementary study was pursued in the common schools at McCune, Crawford County. He then matriculated at McPherson College and later took a course with the Sprague Correspondence School. His mind being now well settled in regard to a pro- fession, Mr. Wolfe took up its formal study in the law office of Charles Stephens, at Colum- bus, Mr. Stephens being then prosecuting at- torney of Cherokee County. In due time he passed a creditable examination, and was ad- mitted to practice in 1901. Having faith in the future of Scammon, he selected this point as a place to take up the practice of his profession, and has since been closely identified with the progress of the place. Mr. Wolfe is making rapid advancement, and building up a practice which might well be the envy of older members of the bar. He is city attorney of the corpora- tion and treasurer of the Board of Education, and has proved himself alive to the interests of the town at all times. His friends will not be disappointed in their prediction of a success- ful future for this talented young man.
The parents of Mr. Wolfe were "Hoosier State" people, who, soon after their marriage, settled on a farm in Marion County, Illinois. They subsequently came out to Kansas, in 1883, and settled in Cher- okee County, where they have since re- sided. To these parents, Leonard and Anna (Neher) Wolfe, were born eight children, as follows : Daniel, Jacob, William, Francis, Jes. F., Emma and Eli and Kate (twins). Leonard Wolfe is a son of Eli and Barbara (Mussel- man) Wolfe, who were early residents of the
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"Buckeye State." On his mother's side of the family, a great number of Mr. Wolfe's relatives lived to a ripe old age, there being several of Mr. Wolfe's uncles and great-uncles who were above 80 years old, and some lived beyond go years. His maternal grandmother (Mrs. Neher) is yet living, and is hale at the age of 89 years.
The subject of this sketch is a man of fam- ily, having entered the matrimonial state in 1898. Mrs. Wolfe's maiden name was Kan- sas Rebecca Hogue, and she is a native of La- bette County. She has two lovely children, — Elgiva and Elswitha.
With an excellent start in the race of life, and with conditions and circumstances most favorable, Mr. Wolfe gives every evidence of a bright future. In political affiliation, he is a Democrat, although he has never aspired to office.
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ONATHAN R. WRIGHT was for many years one of the best known ag- riculturists of Garden township, and his death, which occurred December was sadly mourned as a loss to the community. He was born in Wayne County, Indiana, January 20, 1820.
Jonathan R. Wright was educated in the public schools of Winchester, Indiana, after which he taught school at different times, teach- ing nine years in all. On November 5, 1877, he came West to Cherokee County, and settled three miles northwest of the present family homestead, in Spring Valley township. He farmed there one year, then removed to section 20, township 34, range 25. in Garden town- ship, where Mrs. Wright now lives, it now being an improved farm of 120 acres. He was very successful as a farmer, being an industrious man and a capable manager of his affairs. Mr. Wright was twice married, his second
union being with Mary J. Gates, October 9, 1859. She is a daughter of John L. and Eliza (Ennesly) Gates, and of nine children she is one of three surviving sisters. Her father was a native of North Carolina and her mother, of Wayne County, Indiana. Mr. Gates moved from Wayne County, Indiana, to Miami County, that State, before the Indians had left and was one of the earliest settlers, helping to clear and develop that country. He died there before the Civil War, and Mr. Gates died about 1868.
Mrs. Wright was seven years old when she was taken by her parents to Miami County, In- diana, and there she received her education. Her marriage resulted in no issue, but she raised the daughter of Mr. Wright by his first marriage, giving her a mother's care. She rents her farm on shares and has displayed much ability in the handling of her affairs. Her trading is now done at Galena, but in the early days Baxter Springs was the trading point. In 1893, she had the misfortune to lose her home by fire, and many valuable records were de- stroyed, among them being a diary of current events and all business that had been kept by her husband, as well as his law books. Relig- iously, she is a member of the Friends' Church. Her estimable character has won the love and friendship of many acquaintances throughout the county.
LBERT WESLEY COOTER. One of the leading business men of Colum- bus, and a gentleman widely and favorably known throughout the county, is Elbert Wesley Cooter, at present en- gaged in the real estate business. He came to the county in December, 1880, located on a farm in Lola township, 10 miles southwest of Columbus, on Center Creek, comprising 240 acres, partially improved, in section 35, town-
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ship 33, range 22. Mr. Cooter was born in Greenville, Greene County, Tennessee, Novem- ber 21, 1831.
In his early childhood, the parents of Mr. Cooter moved to Lewis County, Missouri, where he was reared to manhood. He received a good common-school education, so applying himself that he was able to enter the school room as a teacher, a profession that he followed successfully in Lewis County, from 1853 to 1859. He had married in 1857, and two years later removed to Holden, Missouri, where he continued to teach until the breaking out of the war. Being a Union man, and Holden being "ultra-secesh," he found it desirable to remove to Douglas County, Kansas, where he resided until the sacking of Lawrence. He then re- turned to Lewis County and resumed teaching, In 1864 Mr. Cooter secured the appointment of surveyor of the county, and for the succeed- ing 10 years was kept exceedingly busy in that office. In the meantime he had become the possessor of a farm of 160 acres, and operated that in connection with his other duties. He had become favorably impressed with the op- portunities afforded in Southeastern Kansas, and in 1880, as stated, he moved with his fam- ily to Cherokee County. He resided on Center Creek for about seven years, during which time he brought his farm to a high state of cultiva- tion. Then he sold it, and bought the 80-acre farm near the city, now owned by Thomas Keethler, the photographer. This he sold in 1894, and has since been a resident of the city. During the period from 1881 to 1887, inclusive, Mr. Cooter was county surveyor, during which period an immense amount of important work was required, the sale of large bodies of govern- ment land to the railroad company, which in turn sold the land to the settlers, making it necessary to divide the sections. Since 1894, Mr. Cooter has been active in the real estate business. Few in the county are so well quali-
fied to talk Cherokee County lands, as there is hardly a foot of this section with which he is not intimately acquainted.
Briefly referring to family history, — Mr. Cooter is a son of James and Lavina (Jones) Cooter, the former, a native of Westmoreland County, Virginia, and the latter, of Johnson County, Tennessee. James Cooter was by trade a blacksmith. In 1846 he moved to Lewis County, Missouri, where he died in May, 1864, at the age of 56 years. He was an active member of the Methodist Church, of which he was for years a class leader and Sunday-school superintendent. His wife died in Johnson County in 1841, at the early age of 31 years. She was the mother of the following children : Elbert Wesley: Jasper M., a blacksmith, who was born in 1833, and died at Holden, Mis- souri, in June, 1902; Philip C, born in 1835, who was pension agent at Cape Girardeau, Missouri; John, Ixirn in 1838, who was a justice of the peace in Cedar County, Missouri ; and Elizabeth A., born in 1840, who married Thomas Maddox, and resides in Birmingham, Alabama.
Mr. Cooter has twice entered the matri- monial state. He married his first wife, Julia Hamilton, in Lewis Count}'', Missouri, Sep- tember 15. 1857. She was a native of that county, born April 7, 1836, and a daughter of Andrew and Nancy (Chowning) Hamilton, formerly of Bourbon County, Kentucky. Her parents died in Lewis County, their children be- ing as follows : Tabitha, who died at Mr. Cooter's home, aged 46 years; Jackson, a farmer of Lewis County ; Elizabeth, who mar- ried Andrew Young, of Johnson County, Mis- souri, both of whom are now deceased ; Will- iam, a farmer, who went to California, where he died in 1852; Martha (Mrs. Thomas Tur- pin), of Lewistown, Missouri; Margaret (Mrs. Henry Newman), deceased in 1877; Julia, wife of Mr. Cooter; Lucy (Mrs. Edward
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Buckles), residing near Dallas, Texas; Mary, who married Thomas Bowles (now living near Peoria, Illinois), and died in Lewis County in 1892; Nancy, who married William Luckett, a farmer, and lives in Lewis County; Minerva, who married William Reagan, a farmer, and lives in Lewis County ; and Amanda, who mar- ried Frank Cheatum, now sheriff of Kingman County, Kansas.
Julia (Hamilton) Cooter died in Columbus September 4, 1895. She was the mother of seven sons and three daughters, as follows: James T., Ida M., William H., John H., De- Witt, Guy, Andrew M., Mary M., Hugh P., and Julia Belle. James T., born December 2, 1858, became a minister. He is now president of Washington College in Tennessee, to which position he was elected in 1891. He was edu- cated at Wabash College, Princeton Theologi- cal Seminary, of New Jersey, and McCormick Theological Seminary, of Chicago, and holds the degrees of B. A., M. A., and D. D. He be- gan preaching in 1883, while at McCormick Seminary. He married, in June, 1894, Sadie Gilbert, of Terre Haute, Indiana, and has three children, — Helen, William and James. Ida M. was born September 14, i860; she married John N. Elliott, a farmer of Sheridan township and her children are, — Elbert Ernest and Julia F. William H. and John H. (twins) were born December 14, 1861, and were educated at Wabash College. John chose the profession of the ministry (Presbyterian), and William, that of the law. Both were exceptionally prom- ising, when death claimed them, William dying May 22, and John, August 23, 1893. DeWitt, born September 15, 1865, graduated at Wabash College and is now an attorney at Miami, Indian territory; he married, in 1893, Grace Moore, of Columbus, and his children are, — Ben Hur, Leland J. and Catherine L. Guy, born January 11. 1867, an attorney by pro- fession, is now acting as deputy sheriff of
Cherokee County and resides at Columbus. An- drew M. and Mary M. (twins) were born De- cember 4, 1868 ; Andrew, a physician at Miami, Indian Territory, married Miss Williams, and after her decease married Alice Moore. Mary married Dr. Frank Rainier, who was killed in an accident at Fort Scott, Kansas, where she now resides with her two children, — Rea and Frank. Hugh P., born August 13, 1872, a graduate of Washington (Tennessee) College and McCormick Theological Seminary, is now a Presbyterian minister at Harper, Kansas. Julia Belle, born November 17, 1874, resides at home with her father.
The second marriage of Mr. Cooter oc- curred January 11, 1897, the bride being Mrs. P. Ann Haley, nee Thomas. Her two children by her first marriage are Mary (Mrs. Dr. P. J. Hendrickson), of Columbus, whose children are Ethel and Hattie; and O. G, a merchant at Trenton, Missouri. Mr. Cooter's second wife died in St. Louis, Missouri, June 20, 1904, while attending the World's Fair. She was aged 65 years, having been born April 15, 1839.
Politically, Mr. Cooter is a Republican, and boasts of having raised seven other voters for that party. He has been a member of the Presbyterian Church since 1859, has served as an elder many years, and is now trustee of the church at Columbus. The solid character of the subject of this sketch causes him to be universally respected and esteemed, not only in Columbus, but thoughout all the countryside.
PHRAIM EDWARD HOLT, a well known citizen and successful business man of Weir City, and the owner of a first-class grain and feed store, was born at Portland, Maine, June 24, 1840, and is a son of Ephraim and Julia A. (Kemp) Holt.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Ephraim Holt was born at Bethel, Maine, where he died in 1843; his wife was born at Gorham, Maine, and died in 1848, leaving three orphan children, of whom the subject of this sketch is the only survivor. For some years Ephraim Holt was engaged in the coal and wood business in the city of Portland.
Ephraim Edward Holt attended the schools of Gorham, Maine, to which place he had re- moved, with his mother, at the age of five years, and began his business career in boyhood on the old Cumberland and Oxford Canal, at Gorham. Several years later he learned the shoemaker's trade and followed this in that city. When he was 21 years of age, he worked in lumber camps and at other occupations. In 1865, he enlisted in the Civil War, entering the 29th Unassigned Regiment, Maine Vol. Inf., under Captain Ring, in which he remained from February until the following May, with- out, however, seeing any active service.
In 1868 Mr. Holt came to the West, set- tling first in Grundy County, Iowa, and for one year worked by the month for farmers. In October, 1869, he came to Kansas and bought a partly improved quarter section of land in Crawford County. He made many improve- ments here and followed farming until 1880, when he sold out and went to Colorado. There he worked for a year in the silver mines near Bakersville, in Clear Creek County. Upon his return to Kansas, he worked for a time in a general store at Monmouth, and then went on the road in the interest of a nursery house. He continued to sell nursery stock over the country for five years, seeing much of the coun- try and learning its resources. In 1887 he lo- cated at Weir City, embarking in the confec- tionery and lunch-room business, in which he continued for seven years. In 1894 he pur- chased the already established grain and feed business of W. R. Colean, and this he has made an important feature of the city's business life.
In 1892, Mr. Holt was married to Mrs. Anna (Perry) Godfrey, widow of Joel God- frey. In politics, he is a Republican and dur- ing the administration of the late Dr. D. W. King, as mayor, he served four years as treas- urer of Weir City. Previously, while residing in Crawford County, he served as one of the trustees of Osage township. He is a Mason and a United Workman, and belongs also to the Grand Army of the Republic.
ON. LORENZO D. BREWSTER, mayor of Baxter Springs, one of the prominent and influential citizens of Cherokee County, was born May 10, 1855, at Minneapolis, Minnesota, and is a son of Joel and Jane L. (Hathaway) Brewster.
Joel Brewster, who is a native of New York, is now a retired resident of Montrose, Colorado. Formerly he was extensively engaged in lum- bering, and at one period of his life owned the majority of the boats operated on the Erie Canal. He has been a lifelong Republican, but on no occasion has held official position. The eight survivors of his family of 12 children are: Lorenzo D., of this sketch; Arthur, of Colo- rado; Frank, of Portland, Oregon; Jennie, James and Grace, all of Colorado; Robert, of the Republic of Mexico; and Edward, of Arizona.
In 1866 the parents of our subject came to Baxter Springs, and here Lorenzo attended school until 16 years of age, when he became interested in surveying and spent almost a year in this work. He then went to the West and for something like 12 years was engaged in farming, stock-raising, mining and freight- ing, and during this period he visited almost every State and Territory in the West and pen- etrated into Mexico. After these many years of varied experiences, he returned to Baxter
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JOHN CLABOURN HUBBARD
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Springs, where he now lives, engaged in vari- ous enterprises and carrying on farming and cattle-raising.
On May 27, 1885, Lorenzo D. Brewster was united in marriage with Jennie Van Gundy, who is a daughter of Samuel Van Gundy, a well known citizen of Colorado, who for 20 years was a justice of the peace in that State. One son has been born to this marriage, Frank L., who is still a student.
Mr. Brewster is serving his second term as mayor, having been elected as the choice of the Democratic party, of which he has been a lifelong member. His administration has been marked by great civic improvements, and the inauguration of a general era of good feeling and laudable public spirit has been notable.
Fraternally, Mr. Brewster is a Mason and belongs to other leading organizations. He is a man of sterling character, devoted to his city, county and State and a representative of the highest kind of citizenship.
OHN CLABOURN HUBBARD, whose portrait is shown on the oppo- site page, is one of the most successful farmers in Shawnee township. He has a farm of 200 acres in section 23, township 33, range 25, which he conducts according to modern and approved methods, and the general appearance of the place indicates good manage- ment and prosperity. He is a native of Wash- ington County, Indiana, where he was born December 16, 1839, and is a son of Joseph and Mary Ellen (Franklin) Hubbard.
Joseph Hubbard was born in Indiana and died there when the subject of this sketch was 10 years old. He was a carpenter by trade and followed that occupation in connection with farming and stock-raising. Politically, he was a Democrat. He married Mary Ellen Frank-
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lin, a daughter of Clabourn Franklin, and a native of Kentucky. Of the nine children born to them, four grew to maturity, namely : John Clabourn; William G, a member of the 66th Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf., who was killed during the Civil War at Collierville, Tennessee; Da- vid, who is deceased ; and Nancy, who is the widow of Thomas Weir, of Indiana. Relief- iously, Mr. and Mrs. Hubbard were originally Methodists and later belonged to the Christian Church, in which they were very active work- ers. The family removed to Indiana from Ten- nessee, but were originally from Virginia.
John C. Hubbard was reared after his fath- er's death by his uncle, P. C. Franklin, a far- mer, and later by his uncle. Rev. Aaron Hub- bard,—a very prominent elder in the Christian Church, who gave him employment in a store for about two years. After this, he farmed on his own account until the war, tenting different places. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany C, 38th Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf. He vet- eranized at Rossville Gap, Tennessee, in 1864. He was honorably discharged in August, 1865, having received but slight wounds in the serv- ice. The 38th Regiment belonged to the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, of the 14th Army Corps and was one of the "star" regiments of the Civil War. It was in 17 battles, in which men were killed and wounded. Mr. Hubbard was in every battle in which his regiment was en- gaged, and was with Sherman on his famous "March to the Sea." He fought in the last battle of the war at Bentonville, North Caro- lina, in 1865. After the close of the war, he opened a grocery store at Little York, Indiana, which he conducted a year and a half. In 1867 with his wife he moved to Iola, Allen County, Kansas, where he purchased a farm and con- ducted it for six or seven years. While resid- ing at Iola, in 1872, he was elected trustee of Deer Creek township, at that time six by 1 1 miles square. Having sold this farm, he went
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
to Granby, Missouri, and engaged in the grocery business with Jacob Mingus under the firm name of Mingus & Hubbard. He dis- posed of his interest in the store to his partner in 1879, and went to Leadville, Colorado, where he furnished a transportation service for a railroad survey from Georgetown to Lead- ville. remaining there one year. When snow came on, he went from the mountains to Lead- ville, and bought a feed store, which he con- ducted until the following spring. In 1880 he returned to Granby. In the spring of 1883 he went to Texas, but as he did not like it there he came North within a few months. He lo- cated at Galena, Kansas, and was engaged in prospecting and mining there until 1892, meet- ing with fair success. In that year he was elected register of deeds. During the four years he held that office, he resided at Colum- bus. In 1896 he bought his present farm of 200 acres and engaged in general farming and stock-raising, having more stock than the aver- age farmer, and of very fine blood. He has from 50 to 60 head of cattle, and as many Po- land-China hogs. He has a Poland-China boar, registered, from "Western Wilkes," and is the owner of "Albion Duke Second," No. 202.385, an American Shorthorn bull. He has as fine buildings as any farmer in this section, and is well fixed for raising both grain and stock. In 1903 he built a splendid bank barn, with 1 4- foot posts on one side and 20-foot posts on the other, and with a capacity for 75 tons of hay and eight head of horses. He has the finest corn crib and granary in the county, and an implement building of the same size as the barn, with the exception that it has 10-foot posts. It is equipped with grain bins, and space for hay overhead. Mr. Hubbard has a young orchard of 700 trees, consisting of ap- ples, peaches, cherries and plums. He also has an excellent vineyard, with four of the best varieties of early and late grapes. Although
a man given to hard work and close applica- tion to business, Mr. Hubbard has never been a slave to the accumulation of money, but be- lieves in partaking of the pleasures of life, and in relaxation from work. He has always been partial to the comforts of home life, and the companionship of his family. In 1903 he re- modeled his residence, the frame of which is of white pine and was erected in 1877. There are 10 large, airy rooms, well provided with closets and other conveniences, making it one of the best country homes in the county.
Mr. Hubbard was united in marriage with Olive Maynard, a daughter of A. K. Maynard, of Indiana, and of the 1 1 children born to them seven grew to maturity, namely: Flora, prin- cipal of the First Ward School at Galena ; Fran- cis M., a mechanic of St. Louis; Walter G., who is in the undertaking and livery business at Bisbee, Arizona; Calvin, a general merchant of Appalachie, Oklahoma; David Albert, who is on the farm ; Annie, a music teacher, who is the wife of John McMillin, of Joplin, Missouri, who conducts a music store ; and Arthur Leroy, a farmer of Spring Valley township. Mrs. Hubbard died November 9, 1888, at the age of 44 years. She was a member of the Chris- tian Church. On August 15, 1900, the subject of this sketch formed a second union, wedding Minnie Van Metre, of Wisconsin.
OHN SAMUEL McCORMICK. presi- dent of the Sherwin-Mineral Local Telephone Company, of Cherokee County, and the owner of a farm of 105 acres in section 29, township 32, range 23, in Ross township, was born in Todd County, Kentucky, April 24, 1857. He is a son of Dr. Walter B. and Belle (Holcomb) McCormick.
Both parents of the subject of this sketch were born in Kentucky, the father, in Todd County, and the mother, in Logan County. Dr.
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McCormick was twice married, the children of the first union having been, — Theodore A., a farmer of Ross township; Christina J., Mar- garet and R. F., deceased ; and Rebecca, of Ross township. The children of the second mar- riage were : John Samuel ; Walter A., of Ross township; Esther F., of Vernon County, Mis- souri; and Mary E., Lulu and Martha, de- ceased.
In May, 1867, Dr. McCormick and his family left Kentucky, and, after six weeks of traveling, stopped near Galena, Kansas. A de- sirable location was sought on which to settle, and on July 28th they permanently located on the farm which the subject of this sketch now occupies. The family secured 240 acres of wild land, but few other pioneers having yet located there. Dr. McCormick had brought with him four yoke of oxen, two wagons, 17 cows and two Kentucky blooded mares. The family and stock needed immediate shelter, and as expe- ditiously as possible a house was built, the ma- terials for which had to be brought by ox teams from Kansas City. This home was known far and wide as the "White House" as it was the first house to be painted white in the county, and probably one of the first which was painted at all. It became a landmark, and its hospitality was enjoyed by many a traveler of that day.
During the first year, about five acres of ground were broken, for the year was well ad- vanced before they could begin work, and in the following spring a crop of oats was put in. In 1868, 40 acres were broken, which were de- voted to wheat and sod corn, the former being sold for $2, and the latter, for $1 a bushel. Their cattle multiplied, and the family grew very prosperous. Dr. McCormick continued to practice his profession, and was known and esteemed all over the county. In politics, he was a Republican. In religious belief he was a Presbyterian, and an upright, Christian man.
He died November 16, 1884, and his widow survived him until March 5, 1898.
The subject of this sketch enjoyed the best educational advantages which the schools of Ross township afforded, and he remained at home until he was 22 years of age. Then he started out for himself as a farm hand. He worked for $13 a month for about three years, and then bought 40 acres of land in Ross town- ship, in section 8, township 32, range 23. After selling this, he bought 80 acres in section 29, township 32, range 23, which he also sold, and purchased 80 acres in section 31. On this he lived for five years, building a house, barn and other structures, fencing, etc., and then traded it for his brother's share in the old homestead, to which he removed in 1890. He has sold off a part of the home land, and since 1898 has de- voted the larger part of his attention to dairy- ing, keeping 30 head of milch cows, and selling Jersey milk at Mineral. He also raises horses, mules and Poland-China hogs.
Mr. McCormick was first married on No- vember 8, 1893, in Vernon County, Missouri, to Minnie Dunn, and they had one child, John S. The second marriage was in Caldwell County, Missouri, August 14, 1901, to Mrs. Sarah Belle Campbell. Like his father, Mr. McCormick has always enjoyed the sports of fishing and hunting. He is a well known citi- zen, who is very highly esteemed throughout the county.
LARK W. HOAG, M. D., who has the distinction of being the oldest physi- cian in Weir City, and has long been one of the leading members of the profession in Cherokee County, was born in 1847 in Illinois, and is a son of Ashel W. and Celestine (Dye) Hoag.
The father of Dr. Hoag was born in 18 16
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
in New York, and died in Cass County, Mis- souri, in 1900, aged 84 years. The mother was born in Illinois in 181 5, and died in Missouri in 1 89 1, aged 76 years. They had five children, the three survivors being Clark W., and two older brothers, viz : Wilber C, who still resides on the old homestead in Missouri, and has three children,- — Laura, Arthur and Wilbur; and Oscar, living in the State of Washington, who married Laura Hoag and has three children.
Dr. Hoag's parents removed to Illinois in 1849, when Chicago had but a few log houses resting on her mud flats, and when business prospects were not encouraging enough to in- duce Mr. Hoag to remain any longer than was absolutely necessary. He pushed on into Iowa and settled in Allamakee County, where he se- cured a homestead grant and lived upon his land for 13 years. Thence he moved to Bu- chanan County, Iowa, where he lived until 1867, when he went to Cass County, Missouri, and there became a prominent farmer.
Dr. Hoag was reared in Iowa and obtained his literary education at Iowa City. In 1867 he came to Kansas, and bought and improved land in Miami County. This he subsequently sold, and then took a medical course in the Eclectic Medical Institute, at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was graduated in 1868. His parents had set- tled in Cass County, Missouri, and he entered into practice there and remained two years. His attention was then attracted to the lately opened mining districts in Cherokee County, Kansas, and in the spring of 1871 he decided to engage in practice at a place first named "Coal Field," and later changed to "Stillson", — a point lo- cated about a mile from Scammon. The Doc- tor was made postmaster at Coal Field and gradually became one of the leading spirits of this locality. His profession made him ac- quainted with almost every family, and his strong personality, sense, judgment and capac- ity, brought him naturally into close contact
with the business affairs and social arrange- ments of the little community.
Dr. Hoag has been called the father of Scammon. He came here when but one coal shaft blackened the prairie, and bestowed upon the little settlement the name it bears to-day, as a prosperous little city of 2,000 inhabitants. He was not only instrumental in obtaining post office facilities here, but for years was a prime mover in all public spirited enterprises. In 1 88 1 he removed from Scammon to Weir City, again being one of the early settlers, and has witnessed the city's growth from a few scattered homes to a population of 3,000. The wonder- ful changes taken place here, the great indus- tries put in motion and the immense influx of capital, have all come since Dr. Hoag came to the little settlement to give his professional help to the workmen, who then labored under much more dangerous conditions than at present. He is city physician, and president of the Board of Health.
In December, 1866, Dr. Hoag married Ag- nes Beith, who is of Scotch ancestry, and they had two children : Evelyn, born at Coal Field, wife of Dr. J. C. Adams, of Weir City; and Arthur C, who was torn in 1869, in Miami County, Kansas, and died at Weir City, De- cember 21, 1893; he was a very promising young business man of this city. He married Maud Wagner, at Pittsburg, Kansas, and they had three children, — Harold, Hazel and Fred. The death of this son was a source of great sor- row to his parents, and occasioned deep regret in the community, by whom he was much es- teemed.
At one time Dr. Hoag was one of the three physicians of Cherokee County, the others be- ing Dr. Bailey of Cherokee and Dr. Barry of Weir City. The records of those early days contain matter for a thousand romances, all dealing with the sternest realities of life and death.
MR. AND MRS. ANDREW DWIGHT WATTS
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Politically, Dr. Hoag is and always has been a stanch supporter of the principles of the old Democratic party, but has desired no politi- cal preferment for himself. In the early days here he had to serve in many positions, and was the first justice of the peace at Scammon, but his professional dutes have more than filled the limit of his health and time. Fraternally, he is a Mason and a Kniedit of Pvthias.
NDREW DWIGHT WATTS, ex- County Treasurer and one of the leading farmers of the county, re- sides in section 33, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. Mr. Watts has for many years made a specialty of raising fine stock, his imported horses being especially famous. He is a native of the "Green Moun- tain State," where he was born in Addison County, May 22, 1843.
The parents of our subject, John G. and Mary (Foster) Watts, resided in their early youth at Gardner, Massachusetts, whence they moved up into Vermont. In the summer of 1844, they moved out to Leesburg, Indiana, where they continued to reside the remainder of their lives, the mother dying in 1871, the father two years later. Both were consistent mem- bers of the Christian Church during their life- time, and the father was a Democrat in politi- cal belief. He was a maker of wooden pumps and followed the business quite extensively and with considerable success. He was a man of strong characteristics and always took quite an active part in affairs, having been for 18 years justice of the peace at Leesburg. Of Nebraska ; Hannah, of Wabash, Indiana ; Mary- rick, a retired carpenter residing at Humboldt, Nebraska ; Hannah, of Wabash, Indiana ; May- ett, of Andrews, Indiana; Marinda, of Ligo-
nier, Indiana; and Andrew Dwight, the hon- ored subject of this review.
Owing to untoward circumstances in his early youth, Mr. Watts had poor advantages of education. He attended school but three months each season in his boyhood, and later took a commercial course at Bryant & Strat- ton's Business College at Troy, New York. This, however, has not been a bar to his success, as he was possessed of an unusually observant mind and as years passed has become a well informed man. He learned the pump business at home and later, leaving home at 17 years, took up the carpenter's trade. For the follow- ing 1 1 years he followed this occupation with success in Indiana. Finally, in June, 1869, Mr. Watts resolved to see what was in the stories which were being circulated concerning the rich land that could be had for a "song" in Kansas. Fort Scott was the first town at which he stopped and there he spent the year 1870 as a patternmaker in a foundry at that point. In the meantime he picked a location four miles north of Columbus, preempting the southeast quarter of section 26, township 32, range 2^, in Ross township. In company with his friend, William Benham, he erected thereon a sod shanty and thus humbly began his career as an agriculturist in the "Sunflower State." He soon brought to this primitive home the wife who has been so faithful a helpmeet in the ensuing years, Mary E. Wall, a native of Day- ton, Ohio, but at that time residing with her father, John L. Wall, in Newton County, Mis- souri. Together they took up the task of mak- ing a home on the bare prairie, and a task it was, indeed. They passed through all the trials and privations of those early pioneer times, but by faithful toil succeeded in the 20 years which they passed on that farm in developing a most productive property. In 1891, Mr. Watts traded it for the farm where he now resides, —
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
the east half of section 33, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township. This farm was only partially improved, the general appearance of thrift now seen about the farm being entirely the result of Mr. Watts' labors. About 200 acres of this place is under cultivation, the crops raised being such as can be best used in feeding the blooded stock in which Mr. Watts deals.
Of late years, our subject has given much attention to blooded stock and always keeps on hand something fine in imported blood. At present, besides a fine jack, he has the splendid Shire horse "Nailor,"and a German coach horse named "Dorn." In the line of hogs he favors the red Poland stock. The name which Mr. Watts has established in Cherokee County is the result of painstaking care in the selection of stock, never allowing anything inferior on the place.
As a citizen, the life of our subject has been one which has been helpful along the lines of general uplift. He has never shirked his duty in the matter of administering the minor offices in the township and school district and in the support of religious institutions. Reared a Democrat, he became the nominee of his party in 1892 for the office of County Treasurer, and such was his popularity that he received the certificate of election. Again in 1894 he was chosen to the office and served, in all, a period of four years with satisfaction to his constitu- ents. Mr. Watts is a member of Prudence Lodge, No. 100, A. F. & A. M., of Columbus. His wife is a member of the Friends' Church. To them were born four children, whose names in order are : John Earl, who married Ollie Waller, has two children, — Myrle and Marie, — and resides on part of the home place; Carl K., who married Allie French, has two children, — Eva and Lucile, — and is farming part of the old farm; Lora, who is the wife of Laburtis Smith, of Sheridan township; and Judd D., re-
siding at home, who is a barber at Hallowell. Mr. Watts and his entire family are much es- teemed in the county. Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Watts accompany this sketch.
ILL E. SPIVA, a successful attor- ney of Galena, was born in Freder- icktown, Missouri, August 11, 1 87 1, and is a son of J. C. and Mary (Anthony) Spiva.
J. C. Spiva was born in Madison County. Missouri, and is a son of Elzalf- and Mariah (Craddock) Spiva, his father being of Dutch and his mother, of Scotch stock. He has been very successful as a mining operator, and was among the first in Galena when ore was discov- ered here in 1877. He first mined and pros- pected on "Bonanza" ground, and later got a piece of ground on East Galena Hill, where he mined successfully. Prior to coming to Galena, he had been identified with silver and gold mining in Colorado, California and Oron- ogo and Mine La Motte, Missouri, and under- stands mining in all its details. In 1886 he moved from Galena with his family and pur- chased his old homestead in Madison County, Missouri, where he now lives. His wife, Mary Anthony, is of German and French ancestry ; by their union they became the parents of 10 children, nine of whom now live. The record is as follows : Edward, who is mining at Galena ; Will E. ; George, who is married and connected with a powder factory at Joplin, Missouri ; L. A., who is married and lives at Aurora, Mis- souri; the fifth child died at the age of 18 months ; Olive, wife of Lawrence Matthews, of St. Louis, Missouri; J. A., who is in the em- ploye of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Rail- way; and Lena, May and Frank, who live at home.
Will E. Spiva lived with his parents in and
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about the Joplin-Galena mining district until 15 years old, and attended the district schools and the first public school in Galena. Upon returning with his parents to their old home in Missouri, he entered the schools at Frederick- town. During the fall and winter of 1893 he taught a country school, and in 1894 completed a coursei of study in a business college at Quincy, Illinois. Immediately thereafter he returned to Galena, Kansas, and remained two years, then returned to Fredericktown, in 1896. He had read law at times during these years and from 1896 to 1898 read at home, being ad- mitted to the bar in March of the latter year by Hon. J. D. Fox, now one of the Supreme Court judges of Missouri. He remained in Madison County for the September term of court, and on February 25, 1899, settled permanently in Galena for the practice of his profession. He began without capital, and during the first six weeks worked as bookkeeper for Rush & Ken- nedy. When he opened his office, his library consisted of the Kansas Statutes, and he is steadily gathering a very fine working library. His success in practice was assured from the start. On April 6, 1901, he was elected justice of the peace on the Democratic ticket, an office he filled until August 16, 1904, when he re- signed. He is an enthusiastic Democrat and works hard for party success, frequently repre- senting his precinct as a delegate to county conventions.
On January 1, 1902, Mr. Spiva was united in marriage to Beatrice Harrison at Sulphur Springs, Texas. She is a daughter of I. H. Harrison, a second cousin of Benjamin Harri- son, ex-President of the United States, and comes of old Kentucky stock. Two children were born to them : Mary Gladys, and Will E., Jr. Fraternally, our subject is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and has served as venerable consul.
OHN MELANCHTHON McNAY, one of the leading citizens of Cherokee County, who is secre- tary and general manager, at Co- lumbus, of the Inter-State Mineral, Oil & Gas Company, which is operating in the Chan- ute oil and gas field, also enjoys an enviable reputation as a successful newspaper man. Mr. McNay was born near Waynesburg, Greene County, Pennsylvania, July 20, 1848, and is a son of Brown and Rachel (McConnell) McNay.
The McNay family is of Scotch-Irish ex- traction. At an early day seven brothers of the name came to America and all of them took part in the Revolutionary War. It has been distinguished in military affairs ever since, each American war finding members of the McNay family in the ranks of its loyal soldiery. One of the prized possessions of our subject is the sword, wielded by his father in the Mexican War.
The grandparents of Mr. McNay were John and Mary (Smith) McNay, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania ; the former was born December 9, 1781, and died June 16, 1864, and the latter was born March 9, 1782, died May 22, 187 1. They had nine children.
Brown McNay, father of our subject, was born February 14, 18 16, and died August 4, 1880. His wife was born September 1, 1828, and died February 5, 1870. Their nine chil- dren were : John Melanchthon ; James S. B. ; Alexander T. ; Nancy M. J. ; Chauncey S. ; Maggie M. ; Sarah J. ; Anderson H. and Delia M. Brown McNay followed agricultural pur- suits all his life. In 1856 he moved to Iowa with his family, settled on a farm and continued to reside there the remainder of his life.
John M. McNay was reared on his father's farms in Pennsylvania and Iowa and had limited school opportunities. He at-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
tended the district schools at intervals and was assisted at home in the pur- suit of knowledge by his mother, who had been a teacher prior to her marriage. But being the eldest of the large family many of the heavy responsibilities of the 'farm fell upon him. In 1864, although but 15 years of age, he enlisted for service in the Civil War, entering Company B, 45th Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf., in which he served until the close of the Rebellion. After his return to Iowa, he took an academic course of three years at Washington, Iowa, and then taught school for one year in Knox County, Illinois. On November 29, 1870, Mr. McNay came to Kansas, and spent the suc- ceeding 15 years in Ottawa and Clay counties. Soon after removing to Phillipsburg, in 1885, he established the Phillipsburg Dispatch, which soon became the Republican organ of that con- gressional district, and there he remained until June, 1894, when he removed to Columbus, and ere long became the editor in chief of the Columbus Advocate.
When Mr. McNay took charge of the Advocate, he had behind him a State-wide rep- utation as an editorial writer. He found here a poorly equipped office, old and worn out ma- chinery, a load of indebtedness and but a luke- warm interest in what should have been the leading organ of the Republican party in this intelligent portion of the State. Under his able management, which continued through eight and a half years, conditions were so changed that at the time he disposed of the property in order to give his entire time to other interests, in 1902, no office in South- eastern Kansas was better equipped. Mr. Mc- Nay's policy and his judicious management had resulted in not only the advancement of the paper to a front rank in the State, but in add- ing to his laurels in the profession.
The Inter-State Mineral, Oil and Gas Com- pany, in which Mr. McNay is the largest holder
of stock, has a capital stock of $500,000, all fully paid in and absolutely non-assessable. Its principal holdings consist of a liberal lease on 160 acres of land owned by one of the directors of the company, which is located four miles southwest of Chanute, within three-quarters of a mile of the main pipe line leading from Chan- ute to the Neodesha oil refineries, and in the center of the West Chanute and Earlton fields, with oil wells on all sides, and as good pro- ducers as any yet discovered in this oil dis- trict.
The development of this field has proved so successful that a lease paying one-eighth royalty, covering three quarters of a section, one mile north of this land, recently sold for $30,000 and one quarter section, one mile northeast, sold for $25,000. This company thus has very solid grounds for believing that this particular section will prove to be one of the most productive in the State. The officers of this important concern are : J. Wilbur Logan, president, now engaged successfully in the farm, loan and abstract business at Colum- bus ; George W. Rains, vice-president, an exten- sive mine owner and operator in the Joplin- Galena lead and zinc district, at Galena ; John M. McNay, secretary and general manager; W. M. Barbee, treasurer, a prosperous and sub- stantial real estate dealer, at Chanute; A. A. Godard, attorney, ex-Attorney General of Kan- sas, and president of the Topeka Savings Bank at Topeka ; and J. W. Clayton, director, a capi- talist and also a director in the Manhattan Min- ing & Milling Company of Wichita, Kansas.
Mr. McNay was married on December 21, 1875, to Ada B. Keeler, who was born on a farm near Valparaiso, Indiana, May 20, 1858, and is the youngest daughter of Alonzo R. and Mary J. (Brown) Keeler, natives of New Jer- sey and Ohio, respectively. Two sons have been born to this marriage, both of whom are successful business men, viz: Arthur S. and
DENNIS KENNY
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Claudian H. The former was born November 4, 1876, and is a clerk in a large hardware store in Columbus. The latter was born August 20, 1878, and is deputy district clerk of Cherokee County. He married Nellie Leeper and they have one son, — John L. In continuance of the military record of the family, Claudian H. Mc- Nay was its representative in the Spanish- American War, serving as a member of Com- pany F, 22d Regiment, Kansas Infantry, U. S. Volunteers.
Mr. McNay has been one of the active citi- zens of Columbus ever since locating here. During his career as an editor his pen was fearlessly employed to point out evils and to support improvements and he could always be depended upon to exert his influence to foster substantial, public spirited enterprises of the city. His pleasant social qualities have at- tracted men to his friendship and he possesses the faculty of keeping the friends once made. He has been offered many public offices by his party leaders, but the large business interests, over which he has had more or less supervision for some years, have given him little time to devote to public affairs.
Mr. McNay is a Mason, an Odd Fellow and a member of the Improved Order of Red Men and of John A. Dix Post, No. 59, Grand Army of the Republic. He is also connected with several beneficiary organizations, and he and his family take part in much of the city's pleas- ant social life.
ENNIS KENNY, formerly a promi- nent and highly respected citizen of Cherokee County and the owner of one of the best farms in Ross town- ship, consisting of 200 acres in section 36, township 31, range 2^, died February 16, 1904. He was born April 25, 1856, in Bureau
County, Illinois, and was a son of Patrick and Bridget (Tollett) Kenny.
Both parents of Dennis Kenny were born in Ireland, and both came in youth to Bureau County, Illinois. The father carried on farm- ing there until his death, and was survived by his widow, who died at Joplin, Missouri. Their children were : Dennis ; Jennie, widow of Socrates Sanders, of Iola, Kansas ; and Rodger and William, of Kansas ; all of them were born in Illinois.
The late Mr. Kenny remained in Bureau County, Illinois, where he attended the local schools until he reached the age of 17 years, when he came to Kansas. He remained at Stillson, in Cherokee County, until he pur- chased the present home farm, which was then wild prairie land. This he improved and culti- vated, set out beautiful groves and fruitful or- chards, and made the improvements here which converted it into one of the very best farms in the county. He dealt extensively in stock, and fed a large number of cattle and hogs. While he acquired much other property, he always re- tained his farm and continued to take an inter- est in its development. For about 12 years he conducted a meat market at Scammon, owned a store and a bank building there, and was one of the owners and a director of the Scammon State Bank. The family home has been on the farm since 1878. The homestead has always been considered valuable property, and promises to become much more so on ac- count of its underlying vein of coal, the Mackie Coal Company being in operation here.
In 1878 Mr. Kenny married Mary Griffin, who was born in Bureau County, Illinois, and is a daughter of John and Jane (Webb) Griffin. In 1854 Mr. and Mrs. Griffin moved from New York to Bureau County, and in 1870 came to Cheroke County, where they located in section 1, township 32, range 23, in Ross township, having purchased a half section of wild land.
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
This Mr. Griffin improved into a fine farm, and worked also as a carpenter. He died in 1893, his wife having passed away in 1876. Mr. Griffin was one of the brave defenders of his country, during the Civil War, being an hon- ored member of Company B, 8th Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf. Mrs. Kenny is the fourth member of his family of nine children, the others being as follows : Ellen, wife of Edward Scammon, of Columbus ; Margaret, wife of Samuel Scam- mon, of Cherokee County; Edward, who first married Edith Walton, and afterwards, Ann Dawson, all of whom are deceased; John, who married Maggie Milroy, and lives at Moberly, Missouri ; Jane, who married William Harned ; Anna, who is deceased ; James, who married Lillian Harris, and lives at Dodge City, Kan- sas ; and Emma, who married Alonzo Wade, of the Indian Territory.
Mr. and Mrs. Kenny had 12 children, viz. : Ellen Jane, who is deceased ; Ada, who gradu- ated from the Columbus High School in 1897, and from the State Normal School in 1901, and has been one of the successful teachers in Cherokee County for the past four years; Ed- ward ; Gertrude, who teaches music, having graduated from the Columbus High School in 1899, and from the State Normal School, in 1904 ; William, who graduated from the Co- lumbus High School in 1903; Frank, who is a student in the Crawford County High School ; Mary ; Angie, who died, aged three years ; John, deceased ; George ; Clarence, deceased ; and Charlotte. The family belongs to St. Bridget's Catholic Church, at Scammon.
Politically, Mr. Kenny was a stanch Re- publican, and was well known all over the county. He belonged to the Modern Wood- men of America at Weir City; the Ancient Order of United Workmen, at Scammon ; and the Knights of Pythias. Devoted to his family and faithful to his friends, he left many to
mourn the death of a good man. His portrait accompanies this sketch.
ICHARD DRI SKILL ELLIS, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits in section 16, township 33, range 25, in Shawnee township, is one of the pio- neers of this county and has been located on his present farm for more than 35 years. He. was born in Cocke County, Tennessee, Febru- ary 26, 1838, and is a son of Elbert and Tem- perance (Driskill) Ellis, grandson of Samuel and Mary (Howard) Ellis, and great-grand- son of Isaac Ellis. The last named was a native of England and came to this country before the Revolution, settling in North Carolina.
Samuel Ellis was born in Rutherford County, North Carolina, and although still in his teens served in the latter part of the Revo- lutionary War under Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox," famous as a scout and soldier in the Carolinas. He was wounded at the battle of Cowpens, South Carolina, and carried the bullet in his shoulder throughout life. About 1824, he removed from Tennessee, where he had resided for some time, to Polk County, Mis- souri, where he was was one of the pioneers. He first married Mary Howard, who was of Scotch birth, and of their children the youngest was Elbert.
Elbert Ellis was born in North Carolina in 1795, and was a youth When his parents moved to Sullivan County, Tennessee, where he grew to maturity. He was reared on a farm and fol- lowed farming all his life. He was 28 years old when he was joined in marriage with Temper- ance Driskill, who was born in Cocke County, Tennessee, in 1805, and was a daughter of Richard and Amanda (Young) Driskill. He conducted the Driskill farm of 360 acres until
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after Mrs. Driskill's death, then purchased it of the heirs. Mr. and Mrs. Ellis became the pa- rents of 14 children, namely: Mary, deceased, who was the widow of James Breeden of Jeffer- son County, Tennessee; William H., deceased; Martha Louisa, widow of William B. Reams, residing in Hamblin County, Tennessee ; Eliza- beth, widow of Drewry Dawson, now living in Cocke County, Tennessee; Lucinda, wife of Alexander Fowler, of Cocke County, Tennes- see; Patrick Howard, deceased; Sarah Ann, deceased; Richard Driskill; Catherine Jane, wife of J. L. McMillan of Shawnee township ; Dorcas M., widow of Pleasant Poe, residing in Jefferson County, Tennessee; Elbert A., of Shawnee township; Samuel Jefferson, of Shaw- nee township ; Moses L., of Shawnee township; and one who died in infancy. Mr. Ellis was an Old Line Whig. Religiously, he was a Primitive Baptist and his wife a Missionary Baptist.
Richard D. Ellis received such educational training as could be had in the township schools and was reared on his father's farm, on which he lived until he reached the age of 23 years. He then rented a neighboring farm which he cultivated, and the following year was married. Shortly afterward, he enlisted in Company C, 8th Reg., Tennessee Vol. Inf., and served with it nine months, when he was advanced to a 1st lieutenancy in the 1 ith Regiment, Tennessee Vol. Cav., participating with that regiment in all its battles until the spring of 1865. The regiment was then consolidated with the 9th Regiment, Tennessee Vol. Cav., and our sub- ject was promoted to the position of captain of Company M., serving as such until mustered out, October 19, 1865. After the war he re- turned to Greene County, Tennessee, and en- gaged in farming and buying and selling stock and grain. In April. 1869, he came West to Kansas and purchased his present farm of 240 acres, which he devoted to grain and stock
raising. He met with excellent success and continued until 1891, since which time he has been in practical retirement.
On August 3, 1862, Mr. Ellis married Sarah J. Holdway, a daughter of Hezekiah Holdway, and they had five children : James H., of Columbus ; Thula, wife of George W. Doug- lass, of Crawford township; Elbert H.,( of Springfield, Missouri; Samuel J., deceased; and Sarah F., deceased. Mrs. Ellis died Decem- ber 2, 1877. On September 26, 1878, Mr. Ellis was married to Martha Chestnutt.a daughter of Thomas Chestnutt, of Shawnee township. Re- ligiously, both are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, of which he has been an elder for many years. Politically, he is inde- pendent, but has served as township trustee and for 15 years or more served on the School Board. He does not care for office but was the nominee for the office of township treasurer, the nomination coming unsought.
ALTHER von WEDELL, one of the prominent citizens of Garden township, now living retired at Lowell, was born in German}-, January 30, 1850, and is a member of one of the prominent families of the German Empire. He received his educational training in his native land. In 1875 he came to America, leav- ing four sisters in Germany. In 1876 he was attracted to Kansas, when ore was discovered here in large quantities, and he was one of the early settlers of Garden township and has been more or less interested in the agricultural and mineral development of the county ever since. He owns a large amount of valuable land, — 160 acres in Garden township; 160 acres in Spring Valley township ; and 80 acres of min- ing land in Lowell township. He has been one of the extensive farmers and stock-raisers of
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
this section and continued to operate his farm until 1885, since which year he has resided at Lowell. He is interested with Hon. E. B. Schennerhorn and others in the Galena Devel- opment Comptny. Although never a politician, he has always been prominent in his township and on many occasions has had the duties of minor offices placed officially in his care.
In 1876, Mr. von Wedell was united in marriage to Mary E. Murray, who was born in Missouri. Seven children were born to this marriage, viz: F. W., engaged in farming in Garden township, who married Carrie Cum- mings, and has three children, — Florence, Alva and Ethel ; and Clara, Ella, Victor, Harry, Arthur and Icie.
Fraternally our subject is a member of a number of the leading organizations, among these being the Modern Woodmen of America and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
OHN T. and ROBERT McCOMBS. These gentlemen represent a family which is a somewhat late arrival in the county, but they have by their courteous bearing and upright conduct already established themselves in the affections of the early settlers. They are from the "up-State" country, McPherson county, where they settled with their parents in 1872 from Mahaska County, Iowa. They came to Cherokee County in 1897 and purchased a quarter section near Columbus. In 1901, Robert McCombs pur- chased a farm in sections 15 and 16, township 33, range 22, in Lola township. These gentle- men are the sons of David McCombs, who was born in Harrison County, Ohio, in 1809.
David McCombs, who was of Scotch-Irish lineage, followed the occupation of farming
during the 74 years of his life, until the close of the war in Harrison County, then in Ma- haska County, Iowa, and from 1872 to the year of his death, 1883, in McPherson County, Kansas. He was a great worker and succeeded well in life, always being in possession of con- siderable property. In the different communi- ties where he resided, he was always influen- tially connected with affairs, holding many of the minor offices. In politics be was a Jackso- nian Democrat. In Harrison County, Ohio, he married Isabelle Ferrell, a native of the county, born in 181 2. She was a daughter of Charles and Mary Ferrell, who were from the Emerald Isle, and were early pioneers in Ohio. She died in Mahaska County, Iowa, November 19, 1 87 1. In the family born to these parents were 12 children, 10 of whom lived to maturity. Four of the sons served their country faith- fully and loyally during the Civil War. In order of birth, the 10 children who grew to maturity were as follows : Charles, James, John T., Samuel, Mrs. Mary M. Todd, Wil- liam, Mrs. Sarah J. Sales, Robert, R. Wesley and David Alexander. Charles, at present re- siding in Monroe County, Iowa, served 90 days in the Civil War as a member of the Ohio militia. James, who died in Iowa, sent a sub- stitute to the war, as conditions were not such as to permit of his leaving home. Samuel re- sides in St. Clair County, Missouri ; he first enlisted with his brother John T. in Company F, 98th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., in which he served some nine months ; during this service he was injured by a horse and spent some time in the hospital at Louisville; returning home after his discharge, he soon again enlisted, this time in Company H, 185th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., in which he served to the close. Mrs. Mary M. Todd was the eldest daughter ; she died in Har- rison County, Ohio. William, now a resident of Custer, Nebraska, served in the militia three
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months during the war. Mrs. Sarah J. Sales resides in Cherokee County. R. Wesley lives in Oklahoma.
Of the two brothers now residing in Chero- kee County, the elder, John T., single, and liv- ing with his brother Robert, was born in Harri- son County, Ohio, October 3, 1832, and during the life of his parents resided with them. On the 8th of August, 1862, he enlisted in Com- pany F, 98th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., Captain Butts commanding the company and Colonel Webster, the regiment. He participated in the battles of Perryville, Missionary Ridge, Look- out Mountain, Buzzard's Roost, Nashville, and many minor engagements, being mustered out June 30, 1865. During this service he was twice wounded, once in the left hand and again in the right heel, necessitating his spending some eight months in the hospital.
Robert McCombs, who is much younger than John T., was born in Harrison County, Ohio, January 3, 1846. He remained at home until the war was nearly over, being too young to enter earlier. However, on February 13, 1865, he succeeded in passing muster and be- came a member of Company H, 185th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf. There was little to do but guard the railroads in Kentucky, and he was mustered out at the close of the war after seven months of service.
After the war, he accompanied the family to Iowa and on to Kansas, coming to Cherokee County as stated above. Mr. McCombs was rather deliberate in choosing a life partner, his marriage not occurring until 1884. Mrs. Mc- Combs was born in 1866 in McLean County, Illinois, and is a daughter of Lawrence and Christiana (Price) McHaffey, her Christian name being Adella. To her have been born six children, all of whom are at home, as follows : David E., Myrtle, Belle, Robert J., Edith and Joseph.
In the matter of politics the McCombs fam-
ily were stanch Democrats prior to the war, since which time they have supported the poli- cies of the Republican party. When a resident of McPherson County, John T. McCombs acted as deputy sheriff and held other minor offices. Both brothers are members of the G. A. R. and of the A. H. T. A., and both are regarded most highly by their friends and neighbors.
OSES F. MERRILL, a prominent farmer of Cherokee County, who lives in section 24, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township, was born in Warren, Grafton County, New Hampshire, January 15, 1826, and is a son of Nathaniel and Betsy (Bixby) Merrill. His parents were both New Englanders; the for- mer a native of New Chester, New Hampshire, and the latter of Vermont. The father lived all his life in Warren, and was married there, and there is where both the father and mother died. A successful farmer, he was the proud owner of one of the largest farms in his sec- tion. Besides the occupation of farming, he could, like the typical New Englander, turn his hand to anything. In politics he was a Democrat, though never taking a very active part in the affairs of his party. A member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, he was a leader in all religious affairs. He was widely known and highly esteemed for his strict re- ligious views, his upright character and his charity for all.
The family numbered seven children : Mo- ses F., our subject; Nathaniel, living in Graf- ton County, New Hampshire; Asa B., who also makes his home in New Hampshire; Laura, who married Ira Weeks of Grafton County, New Hampshire ; Sabina, the widow of Joseph Snow, who was a farmer of Crawford County, Kansas; Ruth D., wife of Levi Whitcher, of
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Hollis, New Hampshire; and George B., of Grafton County, New Hampshire.
Mr. Merrill acquired his education in the home schools of his native State and in Brook- lyn Center, now included within the city of Cleveland, Ohio. The first 20 years of his life was spent at home, working on the farm. On April 20, 1846, he went to Brooklyn Center, Ohio, where he attended school for two years and taught for awhile, afterwards becoming a teacher in the Illinois schools where he taught for two winters in Will County. Later he spent some time in Mississippi and Louisiana cutting wood for a living. Returning to Illi- nois and later going to Iowa, he entered 360 acres of land in the latter State and bought 160 acres. This land he improved a great deal, making farms out of the wild expanse of prai- rie, and at the same time he became interested in sawmills. Returning to Will County, Illi- nois, he spent some time there, and later in Indiana worked in a nursery, where he grafted over 50.000 trees and the second season he took charge of the business in the absence of the proprietor. He remained there four years and then returned to Guthrie County, Iowa. Mr. Merrill has owned several farms and improved many acres of land. At one time he was owner of three farms in Atchison County, Missouri.
In 1867, Mr. Merrill purchased land in Kansas. His farm now comprises 320 acres in Sheridan township, in sections 23 and 24, township 32, range 22. He is now retired from active work and rents his farm out. But with his knowledge of planting and sowing, of different varieties of land, and his experi- ence in different States, he keeps alive his in- terest in his farm and other farmlands, though not actively engaged in the work. During the Civil War, Mr. Merrill was a member of Com- pany H, 58th Reg., Missouri State Militia. He is a Republican in politics though he has never been active in the work of his party. In
religious affairs he has always been active as a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Mr. Merrill married Mary H. Snow, of Bangor, Maine, in Guthrie County, Iowa. Mrs Merrill died June 16, 1900, aged 59 years, two months and four days. Our subject started in life a poor boy and made his way up, until he is the owner of fine farms and a good home. He has won success by attending strictly to business, and by honest and upright dealings, has well earned the respect and high esteem in which he is held by all who know him.
Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Merrill accom- pany this sketch, being presented on foregoing pages in proximity to this.
AMES PORTER, who can claim the distinction of being one of the oldest settlers of Cherokee County, having come to his present farm in Garden township, with his pioneer father, in 1858, was born October 15, 1847, m Jefferson County, Missouri, and is a son of James and Anna (Carr) Porter.
The father of our esteemed subject, who was also a native of Jefferson County, Mis- souri, died at his home in section 35, township 34, range 25, in Garden township, January 30, 1897. The mother was born in Virginia and died in 1872. Of their three children who reached maturity, our subject is the youngest and the only survivor.
In the fall of 1857, the father of the subject of these lines crossed the Missouri line into Cherokee County, Kansas, in search of a home on these fertile, undulating prairies. Although many early settlers found the Indians vengeful and dangerous, Mr. Porter soon established friendly relations with them which continued through life and were of material benefit to him, whether in bartering for their skins and
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pelts, at the Falls, on Shoal Creek, or in being their companion on fishing and hunting ex- peditions. The first winter spent on the banks of beautiful Spring River, east of Baxter Springs, but early in 1858 he purchased of a Cherokee Indian, named John Blythe, the pres- ent farm of our subject, — a quarter section in section 35, township 34, range 25, in Garden township. About 20 acres of the land was under cultivation and a log house and stable had been built. Mr. Porter and family lived on this farm until 1863, when the troubles in this section incident to the Civil War forced many Union men and sympathizers to become refugees. Mr. Porter and family remained in the vicinity of St. Louis, Missouri, until 1866, when they returned to the farm in Garden town- ship and began making improvements. This has been his son's home ever since. In 1900, James Porter, our subject, erected a substantial farm residence and for many years has enjoyed the abundant products of his fertile, well tilled acres.
In January, 1872, Mr. Porter married Armilda Allen, who was born in Missouri, and they have five children, viz: Queen (Mrs. Oscar Barter), of Webb City, Missouri; Charles, who married Emma Carver, and has three sturdy sons, — Roy, Ray and John; Stephen, who married Annie Beach, and re- sides in the Indian Territory; Nora (Mrs. Charles Hollingsworth), who resides at Galena, and has two children, — Mabel and Ivan; and Fannie, the latter living at home with her parents.
Mr. Porter remembers the little log school house where he received his tuition. Its ac- commodations were meager, for the residents of this country were still struggling with the problems of existence. He has always re- cognized the claims of education and much of the excellence of the present public school
system in Garden township is owing to his in- telligent work as a member of the School Board. He has also always been an advocate of good roads and has used his influence in their construction in the township, casting his vote for public improvements, regardless of fear or favor. He recalls the time when the woods teemed with interest, when deer and wild tur- keys were abundant and the streams were full of fine fish. He is one of the well known men of Garden township and feels almost a fatherly interest in it, by reason of his long residence here.
ICHARD ORLANDO THOMAS, a well known farmer living near Baxter Springs, in Spring Valley township, was born in Morrow County, Ohio, September 12, 1857. His farm is located in section 15, township 35, range 24, in Cherokee County. He belongs to an old and honored family of Ohio, who originally came from Wales. The first family bearing that name, upon coming to America, settled in Harmony township, Morrow County, Ohio. At the or- ganization of the township, it contained only one family that was not related to the Thomases. The earlier settlers bearing this name followed the occupation of farming, though the grandfather of our subject became a minister of the Gospel and for many years was a preacher in the "old-time" Baptist Church.
David Thomas, the father of our subject, was born in Wales in 1809, and moved with his parents to this country. He grew to man- hood in Ohio, receiving his education in the schools of Morrow County. Following the example of his ancestors, he became interested in farming and followed that occupation all his life. He married Mary Jane George, a
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
daughter of Enoch George, both of whom were natives of Wales. Their family consisted of the following children: Enoch G., who died in Cherokee County in 1902; Mary Jane, widow of James Ogden, now the wife of Rev. Mr. Shumacker, a Baptist minister of Morrow County, Ohio; Annie, wife of Joseph Denman, a farmer of Morrow County, Ohio; Richard Orlando, subject of this review ; and a child that died at the age of two years. David Thomas and his wife lived their lives in Mor- row County, dying within a few weeks of each other, in 1862.
Richard Orlando Thomas received his early education in Morrow County, Ohio, and later completed it in the schools of Mercer Count}', of the same State, at the age of 21. After leav- ing school he learned the trade of carpenter, and followed that occupation for several years, part of that period being spent in Noble Coun- ty, Indiana. In 1883 he concluded that the West held greater opportunities for the trades as well as the farmer, and moving to Kansas, located in Cherokee County. Here he engaged in farming and stock-raising and later became interested in the putting up of hay in the Indian Territory, and but recently acquired valuable mining lands there.
On June 14, 1882, just one year previous to his removal to Kansas, Mr. Thomas was united in marriage to Jennie Cordell, daughter of George Cordell, a farmer of Marysville, Missouri. To this marriage seven children were born, all of whom are living, as follows : Annie Myrtle, Mary Bernice, Bessie, Grace, Lee, Charles and Howard. These children are all at home attending school.
Fraternally, Mr. Thomas is a member of the A. O. U. W. He is a lifelong Democrat. As members of the Baptist Church, all of this family are interested workers. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas are well known and are held in the highest regard by all who know them.
H. TROTTER. Of the rural fam- ilies whose close connection with the development of Cherokee County merits special mention in this volume, is that of the gentleman whose name is used as the caption of this review, which is one of the most worthy. Mr. Trotter has been a citizen of the county since 1883. coming from Indiana, the State of his birth. He resides in section 27, township 33, range 23, in Salamanca township.
The Trotters are an old and honorable fam- ily in America, and are originally of Scotch- Irish extraction. The father of W. H. Trot- ter, John Trotter, was born in 1798, in County Armagh, Ireland, where his parents had set- tled upon their removal from Scotland. When W. H. was 17 years old, the family sailed from Belfast, for America, the three-months trip in a sailing vessel being in marked contrast with the seven or eight day voyage of the present time. The "Great West", which at that time was the Ohio Valley, then proved a stronger attraction than the crowded city, and they journeyed to Harrison County, Indiana, using the route then common, from Baltimore to Pittsburg, and down the Ohio by flat-boat. They settled on a farm, where the parents passed the remainder of their lives. Their fam- ily consisted of eight children, the youngest of whom, James, is still living in Indiana at the advanced age of 73 years. John Trotter followed farming, and flat-boating on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, during his lifetime, dying in 1862 at the age of 64 years. He was a man of influence and standing and served as county commissioner and township trustee. Like his father, he was of the Scotch Presby- terian faith, and a strong pro-slavery man. He married Mary Fleshman. a native of Harrison County, Indiana, whose parents were Virginia Dutch, from Shenandoah County, Virginia. She lived to be Jj years of age, dying in 1892.
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in Harrison County. Of their eight children, four died in Indiana, as follows: James H., at the age of 48 years; Leslie C, in 1901, at the age of 60 years; Mrs. Mollie L. Martin, in 1897; and Henry Clay, in infancy. Those liv- ing are : Mrs. Lucy Lopp, of Indiana ; Jonas B., a stone and brick contractor, who lived in Cherokee County from 1884 to 1901, and now resides in Joplin, Missouri; Embree T., a con- tracting carpenter at Louisville, Kentucky ; and VV. H., the subject of this sketch.
W. H. Trotter was reared on the Indiana farm and had the advantage of a good school and refined home surroundings. A course in the high school was followed by a year's study in the university. For several years thereafter he taught school successfully, but was induced to turn his attention to agriculture, an occupa- tion he has since followed. Upon coming to Cherokee County he spent about three months in Columbus, in the meantime looking about for a favorable location. He finally purchased 80 acres of unbroken prairie, a part of his present farm, and later the northeast quarter of section 34, township 33, range 23. This farm of 240 acres, in all, well fenced and cultivated, with its eight acres of orchard and its many shade trees, and with a fine modern house and good outbuildings, stands to-day as a sample of what intelligent and consistent "Down East" farm- ing will accomplish in Kansas. For, Mr. Trot- ter uses the system of rotation of crops, and the good old "Hoosier State" methods, which, with proper variation as to climate, will always prove successful.
Mr. Trotter became a family man in 1882, in his home county. Mrs. Trotter was Mary M. Highfill, born in Harrison County, Indiana, in 1852. She is a daughter of James F. High- fill, a farmer, and also a native of Harrison County. Her brother, Cary M. Highfill, spent several years in Cherokee County, and farther West, and then returned to Indiana, where he
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died in 1892. Mrs. Trotter's three sisters, — ■ Mrs. Martha Stonecipher, Mrs. Katherine Stevens and Mrs. Helen Taylor, — all reside in Harrison County, Indiana.
To Mr. and Mrs. Trotter have been born four children as follows: One who died in in- fancy; James S., who was born in 1888, and died three years later; Elsie C, born in 1891, and Chester H., who was born in 1892, and died July 12, 1904.
During his career in Cherokee County, Mr. Trotter has been very much alive to the in- terests of the community in which he resides. Anything that promotes the public interests finds in him a warm supporter. He is an en- thusiastic advocate of good schools, having been for the past 18 years a member of the local School Board. He has also served two terms as treasurer of the board of township trustees. As soon as the rural telephone was demon- strated to be a possibility, Mr. Trotter became earnestly interested in it, and he is now presi- dent of the Mitchell Telephone Line. Politi- cally, a stanch Republican, he follows in the footstqDs of his father in religious affiliation, and is an elder of the Presbyterian Church at Columbus. Both he and his family are of the type that prides itself in the qualities of good citizaiship, — uprightness, industry and in- tegrity.
MURRAY PERKINS, a record of whose life is an unusual and exceed- ingly interesting one, is one of the best known citizens of Baxter Springs, Kansas. He traces his ancestry in the Perkins line to John Perkins, who arrived at Nantucket in Captain Pierce's ship "Lion." in 1 63 1. He died at Ipswich, Massachusetts, in 1654. His son, Jacob Perkins, was the father of Joseph Perkins, "The Deacon," who was the
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
first of that name to settle in Norwich, Con- necticut.
Joseph Perkins was born June 21, 1664, and died in August, 1726. On May 22, 1700, he married Martha Morgan and their son, Joseph, who was a physician, was born October 25, 1704, and died in 1794. Dr. Joseph Per- kins was the father of Dr. Elisha Perkins, who was born January 16, 1741, and died Septem- ber 6, 1799.
On September 23, 1762, Dr. Elisha Perkins was married to Sarah Douglas, who was born April 18, 1744, and died August 10, 1795. She was a daughter of Lieut.-Col. John Douglas and a granddaughter of Deacon William Doug- las, of Plainfield, Connecticut. The last named was a great-grandson of Robert Douglas, who was born in Scotland in 1 588. William Doug- las, a son of Robert, and known as "Deacon," was also born in Scotland, in 1 610. In 1640 he landed at Cape Ann and settled in Boston. He moved to New London, Connecticut, in February, 1660, and became the head of one of the most worthy families in the colony. His education for those times was very liberal. His son, also named William and known as "Dea- con," was born in April, 1643, ar,d his grand- son, Deacon William Douglas, the grandfather of Sarah (Douglas) Perkins, was born Feb- ruary 19, 1672. Among the Probate Court records, saved after the burning of Plainfield, Connecticut, in 1781, by the British, was found the will of the last named, Deacon William Douglas. His son, Lieut.-Col. John Douglas, was born July 28, 1703, and was a man of no little importance in his day. He was lieutenant- colonel of the 8th Connecticut Regiment, the best equipped of any in the colony; they wore scarlet coats, which had been taken from a prize vessel. Two of Colonel Douglas's sons, — Gen. John Douglas and Col. William Doug- las,— acted with distinction in the Revolution- ary War. As noted above, his daughter Sarah
married Dr. Elisha Perkins, the great-grand- father of our subject.
Dr. Elisha Perkins was the father of 10 children, and of these the one in direct line of descent to L. Murray Perkins was Benjamin D., born June 24, 1774. He was educated at Yale and finally went to London, England, to study medicine, and our subject still preserves the card, dated January 1, 1799, that entitled him to admission to the lectures on anatomy. Dr. Benjamin D. Perkins married Mary Mur- ray, a daughter of John Murray, Jr., of New York, and Catherine Bowne, his wife. Dr. Perkins died October 13, 18 10. He was the father of two children : Caroline, who died unmarried and in her minority; and Benjamin D., Jr.
Through the marriage of Dr. Benjamin D. Perkins and Mary Murray, our subject traces his descent from Robert Murray, who was owner of the famed country home called Mur- ray Hill, now included in New York City, and for many years considered the most aristocratic residence portion of the metropolis. Robert Murray's father, John Murray, who was familiarly known and spoken of as "The Good," was born in Perthshire, Scotland, in 1699. He was a gentleman of Clan Athol and a Presbyterian by birth and was active in the Wars of the Pretenders. He came to America with his son Robert in 1722. John Murray, Jr., was the brother of Lindley Murray, the grammarian, and author of the English gram- mar which bears his name and is a universal textbook. Mrs. Robert Murray, the mother of Lindley and John, is said by Rev. T. Dewitt Talmage to have saved American independence by detaining Lord Howe to dine with her, long enough to permit Israel Putnam to cross the lower end of Manhattan Island and join the forces of George Washington, before Howe was able to overtake him. This detention and the stories told by the fair friend- saved 4,000
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men, who otherwise would have been cut off and captured. Through John Murray, Jr.'s wife. Catherine Bowne, the subject of this sketch is descended from Thomas Bowne, who was born in England in 1595, and landed in Boston in 1649. In company with his son John, he erected in 1661 the house in Flushing, Long Island, known as the Bowne house, in which George Fox, founder of the Society of Friends, preached in 1662. Because the house was used for Friends preaching, John Bowne was de- ported for trial to Holland by the Dutch Gov- ernor, Peter Stuyvesant. However, after an investigation by the authorities, he was returned to his home, and Governor Stuyvesant was severely censured for his action in the matter. Benjamin D. Perkins, Jr., was born in 1807 and died in September, 1831. He received his education in New York City, where he was bom, but lived with his parents in their home at Flushing, Long Island, where he was occu- pied in farming on a large scale. He married Mary Shotwell of Railway, New Jersey, who was born February 2, 1809, and died Decem- ber 25, 1876. They were the parents of two children: L. Murray, our subject; and Ben- jamin Douglas, who was born April 2, 1832, and died August 3, 1888.
L. Murray Perkins was born at Flushing, Long Island, September 6, 1829. His educa- tion was obtained in West Town Boarding School and Haverford College, institutions of the Society of Friends, located near Philadel- phia. He finished these courses of study at the age of 16 years. Since early childhood he had evinced a desire to visit the country where coffee grew, and in 1 847 he made a trip on the bark "Z. Ring" to Rio Janeiro, Brazil, where he remained some time. In 1849 ne went around Cape Horn to California. Before leav- ing New York he had obtained a map of the world and each day's run was marked upon it, as well as the ship's course. This map went
around the world after our subject left the ship at California and it was later returned to him. It is preserved among many other souvenirs of his travels. He returned home in 1850, but soon went to Europe, and again went to Europe after a short visit home in 185 1. In 1852, he returned to America and on December 24th of that year was united in marriage with Caroline Campbell of Railway, New Jersey, who died February 4, 1861. On February 24, 1874, he t formed a second union with Elizabeth R. Enders, also of Railway, New Jersey. The time intervening had been spent in farming in New Jersey. In 1882, he came West to Baxter Springs, Kansas, where he has since resided.
By his first marriage he became the father of four children, namely : Benjamin Douglas, born January 16, 1854, and deceased February 24, 1861 ; Frank Marbury, born May 16, 1856, who married Nettie Mullin, of Iowa, and has two children, — Grace E. and Frank M. ; Ira Campbell (who resides in Sapulpa, Indian Ter- ritory, of which city he is mayor) , born Decem- ber 25, 1858, who married Ella Burgess, of Ohio, and has three children, — L. Murray, Jr., Caroline C. and Ruth E. ; and Carrie Campbell, born September 16, i860, deceased August 14, 1861.
Mr. Perkins has a palatial residence in Bax- ter Springs, surrounded by beautiful and well kept grounds. His home is adorned with many curios collected during his travels in almost every country on the globe, rivaling in some re- spects those of the Smithsonian Institution. Included in this collection are antiquities from Rome ; articles from the ruins of Pompeii ; curios from Ceylon ; a large ebony spear inlaid with ivory from India ; a beautiful robe from Canton, China ; a variety of things from Scan- dinavia, including a pair of mounted owls and a reindeer ; a Turkish water pipe ; Persian rugs ; Japanese jinricksha and a set of shoes for house and street wear; Egyptian relics; a variety of
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mounted heads of elk, moose and bison from Norway and America ; a snake-covered cane from the Philippines; Turkish, Egyptian, Chi- nese and Japanese embroideries; and giant clam-shells from New Guinea, weight 405 pounds. This is a very valuable collection and excells anything of the kind in the State of Kansas.
A cousin of our subject, Hon. George Per- kins Marsh, born in 1801, was resident minis- ter at Constantinople, also minister at Turin when it was capital of Italy, and later at Rome, being appointed by President Lincoln. He died at Val Ambrosia, July 24, 1882, and was buried in a Protestant cemetery at Rome. Members of all legations united in showing him honor by attending his burial. Another cousin, Susan Marsh Lyman, is wife of United States Sena- tor Edmunds, of Vermont.
Mr. Perkins is a member of the Friends' Church, but the rest of the family are Presby- terians. Fraternally, he is a member of the Masonic Blue Lodge and Royal Arch Chapter. His portrait accompanies this sketch.
AMES RICHARD HISLE. senior member of the firm of J. R. Hisle & Son, general merchants at Scammon, was born in Kentucky in 1850 and is of German descent. When he was three years old, his parents moved to Missouri, and there he grew to man's estate on his father's farm.
Upon attaining his majority, Mr. Hisle went to Ray County, and worked in the coal mines there for two years. Then he went to Platte County, Missouri, and worked on a farm until his removal to Cherokee County, Kan- sas, in 1876. Here he worked on a farm near Crestline, and followed mining at the same time. Three years later found him settled in Scammon, where he followed mining for two
years. After many years of hard labor, he slowly worked up to the position of mining boss for Keith & Henry, later the Keith & Perry Coal Company. This position he held for 11 years. In 1893 the Keith & Perry Coal Company became the Central Coal & Coke Company, the largest coal operators in this sec- tion. In 1891 the subject of this sketch went into the general merchandise business, handling everything, — chiefly groceries. This business he has continued with great success. Mr. Hisle has taken his son into partnership recently, and the firm is now known as J. R. Hisle & Son.
Mr. Hisle married Martha Ann Wooten, December 16, 1869. She was born in Illinois and was raised in Missouri. They had 1 1 children, six of whom are now living, as fol- lows : Ernest, who married Hannah Dunbar, and has two children, — James R. and an infant; Oscar ; Clara ; Ada ; George ; and Harry. In politics Mr. Hisle is an independent voter.
Mr. Hisle's father was Richard Hisle. He was born in Kentucky, and died in Scammon, Kansas, at the age of 68 years. His wife was Amanda Jane Todd. She was also born in Kentucky, and is still living. Their nine chil- dren all grew to maturity. They are as fol- lows: Sarah, Frances, James R., Belle, George, Levi, Willie, Laura and Ida. The father was a shoemaker by trade, and followed that occupation all his life. He was in the Union Army during the Civil War, as a private in a Missouri regiment. His widow gets a pension at the present time.
The grandfather, Joseph Hisle, was a shoe- maker all his life, and died in Missouri at the age of 84 years. He married Julia Thurman, who had a brother who was an early settler in Cherokee County, Kansas.
As one of the early settlers of Cherokee County, Mr. Hisle is much revered. By a con- sistent and upright life he has secured the re- spect and esteem of all. He has ever proven
•!*•,*'
LESLIE PATTERSON
MRS. OLIVE C. PATTERSON
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himself ready to give his support to any meas- ure that is for the benefit of the community. In business he is courteous and obliging, and the strict honesty with which he conducts his dealings has brought him a large and well established trade. His family are held in the highest regard in Scammon, and throughout this vicinity.
ESLIE PATTERSON, one of the pio- neer, settlers of West Mineral, Ross township, and an honored veteran of the Civil War, was born September 15. 1844, near Johnstown, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, and is a son of Cams and Sarah (Cole) Patterson.
The father of Mr,. Patterson was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, in 1786, and came to America May 31, 1823, landing at Balti- more, Maryland. His occupation was farm- ing and teaming, and he resided in Porter township and at Alexandria, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania. His death occurred July 27, 1857. He was twice married, the mother of Leslie Patterson, his second wife, dying May 24, 1858. The five children of the first marriage are not noted in this record. The eight born of the second marriage were as fol- lows: Johnson, a retired farmer residing at Seattle, Washington; Nancy T., wife of Capt. Daniel Killen, of Indiana County, Pennsyl- vania; Anna Eliza, wife of J. N. Kincade, both of whom are deceased ; Catherine, wife of B. R. Lowrey, of Columbus; Lucinda, wife of Archibald Parker, of Pennsylvania; Maria, wife of William Van Horn, of Harding, South Dakota; James, who was born June 3, 1842, and died April 11, 1846; and Leslie.
Leslie Patterson attended the home schools and resided with his parents until both passed away. In i860 Leslie accompanied his brother
Johnson to Linn County, Missouri, where they remained one year, and then located in Mercer County, Illinois. There, in the fall of 1862, the subject of this sketch enlisted for service in the Civil War, in Company E, I02d Reg., Illinois Vol. Inf. His command was sent to Louisville, Frankfort and Bowling Green, Ken- tucky, and joined General Sherman's forces at Chattanooga, — the remainder of his service, which continued until the close of the war, be- ing in this branch of the Union Army. He participated in five great battles, and 13 skir- mishes of a serious nature, but was never wounded, although, occasionally, he was dis- abled by sickness. He was finally mustered out at Washington, being discharged June 15, 1865.
Mr. Patterson remained in Mercer County, Illinois, until the fall of 1866, when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, accompanied by his brother Johnson. They provided for future comfort by bringing with them their household goods, six horses and two cows. The subject of this sketch took up 160 acres of land, situ- ated in section 6, township 32, range 23, in Ross township, — he and his brother being the first settlers in the township. The village ot West Mineral now occupies all but five and a half acres of his old homestead. At a later date Mr. Patterson spent some time at other points, living about two years at different points in the South, — at Jefferson, Texas; Little Rock, Arkansas; New Orleans and Memphis, and returning to Cherokee County in 1 87 1. He erected a small house on his land, and his sister made it a home for him until his own marriage, on November 1, 1874. to Olive Carter.
Mrs. Patterson was born in Bureau County, Illinois, and is a daughter of Leonard and Mary (Lane) Carter. The father was born in Ver- mont, and the mother in Maine. They were married in 1853 in Bureau County, Illinois, to
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
which locality they had been brought in child- hood. Later, Mr. and Mrs. Carter moved to Benton County, Iowa, and still later, in 1858, to Pottawatomie County, Kansas, where Mr. Carter died in i860. Mrs. Carter resides at Gibson, Michigan. The two survivors of their four children are Mrs. Patterson and Freder- ick, a farmer living near Gait, Michigan. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson have had five children, namely: J. Leslie, who was born May 4, 1876, and died, aged 15 years; Janet, born October, 29, 1877, who married William Parsons, of West Mineral, and has four sons, — Lee, Joseph and Leslie J. and Samuel R. (twins) ; George Lowrey, born September 2, 1879, who married Stella Schnoor, resides at West Min- eral, and has one son, — Horace Joseph; Lyle Edward, born October 17, 1884, who resides at home; and William Lee, born December 24, 1890, who died March 30, 1891. Mrs. Patter- son, before her marriage, resided with her uncle, Jacob Gailor, one of the well known residents of this county, who died in 1885. He came to Cherokee County from Iowa, by way of Fort Scott, on the old Missouri trail, and settled two and a half miles southeast of Os- wego, where he owned a "treaty right" farm, and raised much stock. His death took place at Seattle, Washington.
Mr. Patterson has been one of the extensive farmers of this section, and has also been a suc- cessful raiser of horses, cattle and hogs. His land has proved fertile, and is also of mineral value, the Crescent Coal Company having put down a coal shaft here on May 13, 1903, with excellent results.
Mr. Patterson may almost be called the father of West Mineral. The original plat was made April 16, 1895, and now constitutes a thriving village, the population of which is constantly and rapidly increasing. Mr. Pat- terson owns a great deal of the valuable real estate in the village, and has laid out three addi-
tions, viz. : one on May 4, 1901 ; the second on June 10, 1903; and the third on May 4, 1904. It is interesting to trace the growth of an enter- prising place like West Mineral. Following the completion of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway through the place, March 17, 1897, N. M. Smith started a general store ; James T. Small started a lumber yard ; Mrs. Henderson, now Mrs. McLeod, opened a hotel, and F. M. Wade was made the first postmaster. In 1 90 1 , Mr. Patterson built the Patterson Opera House Block, which is now occupied by the general store of A. O. Mattox. In 1904, the State Bank of West Mineral was organized. In all these enterprises Mr. Patterson was more or less interested, his public spirit and personal and financial prominence continually making him an important factor.
Politically, Mr. Patterson is in sympathy with the Populist party. His hospitable home is presided over by a lady of much refinement and social attractiveness, and together they re- call very vividly to the visitor the trials and hardships, as well as the pleasures and advan- tages, of the early settlement of Cherokee County.
Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Patterson are shown on preceding pages, in connection with this sketch.
HARLES M. SWEENEY, of Weir City, was born in Illinois in 1864. He came to Kansas in 1866 with his parents. His father, George R. Sweeney, was an old pioneer coal man of Kan- sas, having engaged in the coal business near Fort Scott in 1872.
Charles M. Sweeney, who holds a responsi- ble position with the greatest coal corporation in Kansas, was raised in Fort Scott, Kansas, where he lived until 1880, at which time he
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accepted a position with the Keith & Perry Coal Company, the predecessor of the Central Coal & Coke Company. He was transferred to Weir City in 1892, and is at present district agent of the Central Coal & Coke Company.
Mr. Sweeney is a Republican in politics, and held the position of city clerk for three years by appointment of Dr. D. W. King, when the latter was mayor of Weir City.
HRISTOPHER COLUMBUS SPARLIN. Among the extensive farmers of Cherokee County, who have been residents of the State 25 years or more, Christopher Columbus Sparlin stands as an example of the more progressive class of the world's providers. Mr. Sparlin was born in Newton County, Missouri, De- cember 15, 1852, and came to Kansas in 1879, and for a few years lived north of Columbus and then located on his present farm of 160 acres in section 31, township 34, range 24, in Spring Valley township.
His father, Jonathan Sparlin, who was a native of Ohio, was reared as a farmer and received the usual common-school education to be obtained in the country schools of his day. After reaching manhood, he followed the oc- cupation of farming, for which the experience of his younger days so well fitted him. Some time before the opening of the Civil War, he moved to Newton County, Missouri, and later to Jackson County, of the same State, being en- gaged in farming in both places. In 1858 he removed to Wyandotte County, Kansas, and at the opening of the Civil War enlisted in Troop A, 15th Reg., Kansas Vol. Cav., and served for nearly three years. Nine years later, in 1867, he returned to Newton County, Missouri, where he remained until 1879, when he again moved to Kansas, locating this time in
Cherokee County, where he engaged in farm- ing and stock-raising. Here he remained until his death, which occurred in 1884.
Jonathan Sparlin, our subject's father, mar- ried Rachel Wells, and their family consisted of six children, as follows : Christopher Colum- bue, the subject of this sketch ; Thomas D., who died in 1874, at the age of 21; Martha, who died in 1892; Mrs. Cedelia Parsons, of Baxter Springs; Julia (Mrs. Benjamin Rhodes), who resides in Joplin, Missouri ; and Joseph, who died when young. Mrs. Sparlin is still living, and resides in Baxter Springs.
Christopher C. Sparlin received his early education in the schools of Wyandotte County, Kansas. For some years after leaving school, the work of which was completed at the age of 15, he worked for his father on the farm. Later he located in Johnson County, Missouri, where he farmed for one year and in the fall of 1875 removed to his native county, remaining there for four years. Believing that greater success and better fortune awaited him farther West he removed to Kansas in 1879 and located in Cherokee County, where he has since resided, engaged in farming and stock-raising.
Mr. Sparlin was united in marriage, on September 25, 1874, to Margaret Beagle, of Wyandotte County, Kansas. To this union eight children were born, only two of whom are living, namely : Fredonia, the wife of Harry Hooper, a clerk, of Parsons, Kansas ; and George, who resides in Oregon. The mother of these children died in 1886. On July S, 1888, our subject married Belle Osborne, a native of Indiana, and the daughter of James W. Os- borne, of that State.
Mr. Sparlin's life in the community has been most exemplary, living the life as set forth by his faith — for as a well known worker in the Methodist Episcopal Church and for some time past one of its trusted officers, his influence is always for the best welfare of the community.
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Politically, Mr. Sparlin is a Democrat and so- cially he affiliates with the A. O. U. W. and the M. W. A.
ON. WILLIAM SMITH, postmaster at Galena, who is one of the prom- inent men of Cherokee County both in politics and in business, was born April 22, 1844, m Leicestershire, England.
The parents of Mr. Smith, who were farm- ing people, came to America in 1852 and set- tled in an agricultural region of the State of New York. Their six children all survive, our subject being the second youngest in order of birth. Both parents died at Wichita, Kansas, at advanced ages.
Mr. Smith was 10 years old when his pa- rents removed from Oneida County, New York, to Kansas. After a residence of two years at Lawrence, the family moved to Wa- baunsee County, and our subject was engaged in farming when he enlisted as a private, in the nth Kansas Vol. Caw, for service in the Civil War, in which he remained two years. In 1869 'he accompanied the family to Sedgwick County, where they were among the early set- tlers and were identified with the founding of the city of Wichita. Mr. Smith served as city marshal of Wichita in 1873 ar*d later was elected sheriff of Sedgwick County. In those days of political unrest and social disturbance, there was urgent need of men of undaunted personal courage and unswerving loyalty, and such a man was found in William Smith and for a number of years he was a United States marshal, a position he filled with the greatest fidelity and efficiency. He was one of the founders of the city of Galena, in 1877, becom- ing interested in its mining industries at a very early date, operating individually. He was one of the first mavors of the city, and has been
identified with almost all of its important public affairs. On May 5, 1898, he was appointed postmaster at Galena, a position he still fills, one which has yearly grown in importance and responsibility.
Mr. Smith married Millie A. Taylor, born at Seneca, Missouri, who at her death left a family of nine children, viz : Frederick, chief clerk in the Galena post office, who married Daisy Dickson of Galena ; Albert, a mining en- gineer, who married Maggie Grider, of Colum- bus; Mamie, who is her father's accomplished housekeeper; Pearl, who is a graduate of the High School, class of 1904; and Charles, Minerva, George, Edna and Beulah, all stu- dents in school.
Ever since attaining his majority, Mr. Smith has been an active worker in the Repub- lican party, and his fidelity has been such that he has been chosen very many times as delegate to county, congressional and State conventions, and keeps closely in touch with other party leaders over the country.
Mr. Smith is prominent also in a number of fraternal and social organizations, the chief ones being the Masons ; the Knights and La- dies of Security ; the Ancient Order of United Workmen ; and Select Knights and Ladies. His long residence at Galena and his prominence in promoting the city's commercial activity, in aiding its material development and advancing its general welfare, have made him widely known and he is very justly considered one of Galena's most representative men.
HRIS RICKNER, one of the earliest settlers of Cherokee County, has a fine farm in sections 33 and 34, township 34, range 25, in Garden township, but is not now actively engaged in business. He was born in Washington County,
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Missouri, in December, 1833, and is a son of Samuel and Permelia (Baker) RSckner, the father a native of Switzerland and the mother, of Kentucky.
Samuel Rickner carried on a tan-yard and was engaged in farming about four miles east of Carthage, Missouri, for many years. He came to Cherokee County, when Kansas was still a Territory, and lived here until his death in 1861. His wife died in Jasper County, Mis- souri.
Chris Rickner was the oldest of 10 children born to his parents, of whom five are now liv- ing. He was reared on the farm and accom- panied his parents when they removed to Jas- per County, Missouri. In 1861 he settled upon his present farm in Garden township, Cherokee County, but soon after returned to Missouri where he remained five years. In 1866, he again came to this farm on which he has lived continuously since. At the time of his becom- ing a resident of the county the country was in a very wild and unsettled condition, and the streams and prairie were alive with wild geese, ducks, turkeys and prairie chickens. He has always been fond of hunting, and has fre- quently in late years had friends out from Bax- ter Springs and Joplin on hunting trips. There were many Indians here in the early day, with whom he was friendly, being a great friend of Davey Harlem, a 16th blood Cherokee, and Tommy Fields and John Blythe, who were half-blood Indians. It was necessary to go to Baxter Springs or Carthage to trade and, as there were no bridges or flat-boats, the cross- ing of the streams was attended with a great deal of danger. Our subject was always in favor of locating the Court House at Baxter Springs and was one of those who fought against its present location. His present farm was purchased from the government by our subject. The old log house on the claim is the oldest house in the township, having been built
by George Grimmett for the Cherokee Indians. An interesting feature of this old place is its old-fashioned fireplace, in which big logs can be placed and burned without cutting. Mr. Rickner has been very successful as a farmer, although in the early days he experienced con- siderable difficulty with the 'coons, which ate his corn crop. He continued actively in the management of his farm until 1901, when he retired and was succeeded by his son.
In 1856, Chris Rickner was united in mar- riage with Catherine Scott, of Illnois, who died February 19, 1902, and they became the parents of six children, four of whom are living, namely : Peter, a resident of the Indian Terri- tory, who married Nancy Ball and has six children ; Thomas E., who was married in Col- orado and has seven children; Nancy (Mrs. John Manly), who has three children; and An- drew S., farming the home place, who married Annie Brookshire, and by whom he has two children. One child died at the age of 12 years, and the other in early infancy. Our subject is a member of the Anti-Horse Thief Association, and belongs to the Old Settlers' Association. He is widely known throughout this section of the country, and the number of his friends is limited only by his acquaintances.
ON. SAMUEL W. SMITH, formerly a member of the Kansas Legislature, from Cherokee County, and now a prominent business man of Hollo- well, was born in Kentucky, August 10, 1848, and is a son of Rev. William B. and Mary (Wilson) Smith.
Rev. William B. Smith was a well known Baptist clergyman, and for 13 years was pastor of the Pilgrim Church, of Louisville, Kentucky, which had a congregation of 600 members. Dr. Smith built this church up from a mission, and
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
his memory is kept green in its annals. The death of Dr. Smith and that of his wife were occasioned by accidents. The former was thrown from a horse, and died at the age of 70 years. The latter was the victim of a railroad accident, in Indiana, at the age of 65 years. They had five children, — three sons and two daughters.
Samuel W. Smith remained in Kentucky until he reached the age of 24 years, teaching school for some time after he had completed his education. He then engaged in clerking in a general store, at La Grange, Kentucky. Four years later, he removed to Columbus, Kansas, and has been a resident of Cherokee County ever since. After coming here, Mr. Smith bought a farm of 160 acres which he operated for eight years, and then removed to Hallowell. Here he entered into a partnership, in the general mercantile business, with Jesse Forkner, which continued three years. The business was then discontinued on account of a disastrous fire which destroyed store and con- tents. Mr. Smith later went into the drug business, and subsequently engaged in a job- bing business in feed and flour. For the past nine years he has been a large grain buyer.
Mr. Smith is well known throughout Cher- okee County, having been in public life for many years. He has served two terms as township trustee, and three years on the Board of County Commissioners, during two of these years being chairman. He was elected to the State Legislature at the same time that P. B. Plumb was elected to the United States Senate. During his term in the Legislature, he served on the committee on county seats and county lines, and was able to control legislation to the extent of preventing Labette County from se- curing a portion of Cherokee.
In 1870, on Christmas Day, Mr. Smith was married to Elizabeth Smith, who was born in Kentucky, and died at the age of 50 years, in
1902. The only child of this marriage is Mrs. Agnes Brock, of Columbus. Mr. Smith's sec- ond marriage was to Mrs. Eva Wood, who was born in Cherokee County. She has one daugh- ter,— Lucy.
Mr. Smith, who is a Democrat, served as postmaster at Hallowell during President Cleveland's last administration. He is a man of sociable instincts, and is connected by mem- bership with the Odd Fellows and the Home Builders. His portrait accompanies this sketch.
ICHAEL McMAHON, one of the substantial citizens and extensive farmers of Mineral township, who owns 400 acres of fine well im- proved land, in section 30, township 31, range 24, was born in Ireland, May 22, 1845. He is a son of John and Bridget (Ryan) Mc- Mahon.
John McMahon was a native of Ireland, who immigrated to America in 1849, tne }'ear of the failure of the potato crop, and of the great famine. He found work on the construc- tion of the New York & Erie Railroad, and was promoted to be a foreman and section boss. His death took place in New York, at the age of 52 years. He had come to America alone, having barely enough funds to pay his own passage. He soon sent for his wife and their child, Patrick, the latter being now deceased. The subject of this sketch was one of three children, and the only one to live in Cherokee County. His mother died in New York, at the age of 34 years.
Michael McMahon was 19 years of age when he came to America, and until 1870 was engaged in working at various stone quarries in Ohio, Indiana, Pennsylvania and Missouri. In the above named year, he came to Mineral township, Cherokee County, Kansas, and set-
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tied on the land he now owns, which was known as "Joy" land. On account of the trouble about land titles, which discouraged im- migration into this locality for years, he was not able to secure his title until the question was finally settled. Then he acquired a clear title to 1 60 acres. Subsequently, he bought ad- ditional land, and now has 400 acres. Mr. Mc- Mahon was one of the very first settlers in Mineral township, and his little cabin was re- mote from neighbors and highways for a long time. He had scarcely any capital, but had strength and energy. He secured work on the railroads and in the vicinity of the mines, in- vested sensibly and now occupies a position as one of the substantial men of the township.
In 1876, Mr. McMahon was married to Maggie Connelly, who was born in Ohio, and died in 1890, aged 34 years. Three of their four children survive her, namely: Mary; Honora B., who married William Murphy, and has one son, — William Michael ; and John P.
Very recently Mr. McMahon has entered into negotiations with The Central Coal & Coke Company, for the sale of his first pur- chase of 160 acres of land, there being a fine prospect of developing a coal mine on the prop- erty. Drilling was commenced on this farm on July 25, 1904, and there is every promise of a large deposit. A large sum has been paid Mr. McMahon for an option on the land, and it will doubtless soon pass into the hands of this large corporation.
Mr. McMahon's life has been one of activity and frugality. His present possessions did not- come by any special good luck, but rather are the results of years of toil. Still in the prime of life, he may reasonably expect to be able to enjoy the fruits of his labor for years to come, and his many friends wish that such may be the case.
OHN C. OGLESBY. One of the solid citizens of Lola township, and a vet- eran of the war which "cemented the State into an indissoluble union," is John C. Oglesby, who resides on a splendid farm of 240 acres in sections 21 and 29, town- ship 33, range 22. Mr. Oglesby was born in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, March 12, 1842.
The first event of importance in the life of Mr. Oglesby was the great Civil War. As a boy, he had watched the march of events with absorbing interest, and when the call was made, he was eager for the fray. It was not until August 7, 1862, that he enlisted in Company G, 72nd Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf. He saw serv- ice under Captain Pinkerton and Col. A. O. Miller, and in the Army of the Cumberland under Sherman. After the battle of Stone River he was with Sherman, except at Lookout Mountain, when he was on special duty in Tennessee. He was at the front at the battles of Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga and Atlanta. The close of the war found him still at the front, for, at the time of Lee's surrender he was at Macon, Georgia, in the very heart of the Confederacy.
After his return from the war, Mr. Oglesby spent three years at home in Indiana. At the end of that time he went to Dallas Count}-, Missouri, where he lived for 18 years, or until 1886, when he removed to his present home in Kansas. Mr. Oglesby's farm comprises 160 acres in section 21, and 80 acres in section 29; 200 acres of the property are under cultivation.
In politics, the subject of this sketch is a Populist. He is very naturally, a member of the G. A. R. With fraternal orders he has never affiliated, except to become a Mason. In church circles he is known as a Methodist, that iiurch having always claimed him as a member.
James Oglesby, the father of John C, was a native of Oldtown, Virginia. With his
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widowed mother, he moved to Indiana when a young man and followed the trade of shoe- making- all his life. His death occurred at his home in Indiana at the age of 60 years. He be- longed to the old Oglesby family of Virginia, who were well known and honored even be- yond the confines of that State. His wife, Rebecca Conroe, was born in Ohio and re- moved with her parents to Indiana, when a child. She died in that State in 1859. John C. Oglesby is one of eight children, namely : Mrs. Sarah J. Beck, of Neosho township; John C. ; Job, deceased in 1904; Mrs. Eliza A. Foster, of Illinois ; Mrs. Susan E. Shideler, of Cherokee County; Mrs. Alice Campbell, of Indiana ; Charles, living in Cherokee ounty ; and Paton, of Sumner County, Kansas.
Mr. Oglesby was married in 1868 to Har- riet Roudebush, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of Michael and Mary Roudebush, the former a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter, of Indiana. To them were born the following children, namely: James P., who lives at home and has two children ; Philip of Cherokee Coun- ty, who has one child ; Mrs. Alta Lauther, de- ceased; Emma, who died at the age of 10 months; Joseph, who resides in Rocky Ford, Colorado, and has one child ; Mrs. Susan Clev- enger, of Cherokee County ; Minnie, living at home; Mrs. Madge Ward, of Cherokee County; Mollie and Harry, who are at home ; and Richard, who resides in Danville, Illinois.
The subject of this sketch has a good resi- dence, which he built, and to his efforts and good management may be attributed the ac- cumulation of property, and the possession of the comfortable home which the family now occupy. The years which have passed since his settlement in the county have served to estab- lish for Mr. Oglesby an unsurpassed reputa- tion for uprightness and fair dealing. He is a kind neighbor and a patriotic and loyal citi-
zen, and he and his family are held in the highest regard by all classes.
AMES H. ARMSTRONG, formerly a member of the Board of County Com- missioners, is one of the leading far- mers of Cherokee County, where he has resided since January 18, 1883, on a farm of 160 acres, — the southeast quarter of section 4, township 33, range 23, in Salamanca town- ship. Mr. Armstrong was born in Caldwell County, Kentucky, in 1851.
James Armstrong, his father, was also a native of the "Blue Grass State," where he was reared. He was twice married prior to his union with the mother of the subject of this sketch. His second marriage (to Mrs. Max- well, who died in Kentucky) resulted in a son, William, of Atchison, Kansas. His third wife was Catherine L. Jackson, of Irish descent, and a Kentuckian by birth, her people having been wealthy planters in that State. Her later years were spent for the most part in the home of her son, James H, her death occurring at Co- lumbus January 15, 1892. She was born in 1 810, and at death was 81 years, 9 months and 27 days old.
Soon after the birth of Mr. Armstrong, his parents removed to Montgomery County, Illi- nois, and settled on a farm near Hillsboro. There they remained three years and then joined the movement to people Kansas with citizens for and against slavery. They settled in Shawnee County, not far from Topeka, where in the following year (1855) James Armstrong was stricken with malarial fever and died. He had many sterling qualities, was an enthusiastic Free State man, a Whig in politics, and a follower, in religious belief, of his Scotch Presbyterian ancestry. He and his
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CAPT. RICHARD H. STOTT
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wife had five children, as follows : Mary, born in 1842, who married Thomas Goodfellow, and died in Missouri in 1898; Logan, born January 13, 1843, who died in infancy; Samuel J., born February 27, 1846, who is a barber living in Baxter Springs, Kansas; Malinda Jane, born June 21, 1849, who married Imbert Denny, and lives in Bond County, Illinois ; and James H., born July 22, 185 1.
After the death of his father, Mr. Arm- strong's mother sold the claim in Shawnee County, and moved to St. Francois County, Missouri. There in 1861, the eldest daughter was married, and as she went to live in Bond County, Illinois, the mother also took up her residence there the following year. In this county and the adjoining one, Montgomery, the family lived until the different members made homes of their own.
The subject of this sketch was married in Bond County December 31, 1877, to Lizzie Lindley (born in Bond County, Illinois, July
22, 1855), a daughter of Ransom and Mary (Bigham) Lindley. Her father was a native of Bond County, and her mother of the State of- Maryland ; and both died in Bond County. Their children were: Lizzie; Samuel F., of Pocahontas, Illinois; Alfred R., of Bond County; Mary A. (Mrs. Peter Mann), of Co- lumbus, who had previously been married to Edward Stephens, and has six children ; Naomi (Mrs. J. C. Williams), of Pocahontas; and Minnie C. (Mrs. W. H. Smith), of St. Louis, Missouri.
To Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong were born the following children : Mamie, born September
23, 1878, in Montgomery County, Illinois, who married A. L. Jewett, and resides near Colum- bus, with one son, — Delbert Leon ; Earl, born in Montgomery County, September 14, 1880; Archie, born July 14, 1882, in Pocahontas, Bond County, who is married and resides in Lola township, Cherokee County; Frank Oli-
ver, born October 6, 1885, in Cherokee County; and Charles H., born in Cherokee County, July 10, 1889.
As stated, Mr. Armstrong settled on the farm that he now cultivates, in 1883. At that time its improvements were scant indeed, con- sisting of a small house, a few trees, and a few acres broken out. Under the intelligent direc- tion and the hard labor of the subject of this sketch and family, the farm gradually assumed its present appearance, with its comfortable and commodious buildings and hundreds of fruit and shade trees. It is now one of Chero- kee County's model farms.
During the years of his residence in the county, Mr. Armstrong has established an ad- mirable character. His voice has always been for the uplifting of humanity, and he has ever been found ready to promote educational and religious institutions, both in his home neigh- borhood and elsewhere. His superior judg- ment and business qualifications have caused his selection, at different times, for the admin- istration of office, and he has served as town- ship trustee and as a member of the Board of County Commissioners. In matters of politics, he favors the Populists, and he has been active in the work of the A. H. T. A., serving as the secretary of the local lodge. Having joined the Cumberland Presbyterian Church at the age of 15 years, he was for years an elder in that denomination. There being no organiza- tion of the kind near when he came to Kansas, he joined the Presbyterian Church, of which he is now an elder.
APT. RICHARD H. STOTT. Cher- okee County lost one of her most worthy and honored citizens in the death of Capt. Richard H. Stott, whose life closed at his home in Columbus,
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April 2, 1899. He was born at Vernon, Jen- nings County, Indiana, in 1836, and was a son of Richard and Polly (Allen) Stott.
Captain Stott's parents were natives of Lawrenceburg, Kentucky, but both died at Vernon, Indiana, his father, aged 71 years, and his mother, almost 95 years old. His father was a prominent citizen in Jennings County, which he served as sheriff, and was noted for his honesty and personal integrity. At one time he owned a farm, with a tannery and shoe store attached, as was the case with many of the substantial men of his day and locality. Coming of Scotch ancestry, he in- herited all of the sturdy qualities which have marked the Scotch the world over.
The late Captain Stott was the youngest of six children, all of whom have passed away. His mental training was obtained in the public schools, and was supplemented by a commer- cial course at Bartlett's College, at Cincinnati. He then accepted a clerkship in a mercantile house, married in 1858, and had entered upon a successful career, when the breaking out of the Civil War brought all his plans to a close. Loyalty to his country he put before every other consideration, and he was one of the first to respond to the call for soldiers for three years, enlisting in Company H, 26th Reg., Indiana Vol. Inf., as a private in the ranks. His enlistment in August, 1861, was soon followed by promotion in camp as orderly sergeant, and soon after going to the seat of war, as second lieutenant. At the close of almost four years of most strenuous service, including capture, imprisonment and wounds, he was mustered out with the well earned rank of cap- tain, having been promoted to that position shortly after he was made 2nd lieutenant.
Captain Stott's service was mainly confined to the territory west of the Mississippi River, and he participated in all of the campaigns in that part of the country. After a six-weeks
siege at Vicksburg, where his command had fought behind the levee until all their ammuni- tion was exhausted, he was captured by the enemy, and was incarcerated for six months at Tyler, Texas. The story of the escape of himself and one other officer is one of thrilling interest. Its details are, unfortunately, too long for the limits of the present sketch, but the narrative is filled with incidents of such courage and self-sacrifice as to stir the most sluggish soul to admiration. Of the 15 officers who managed to escape from prison bounds, he and Lieutenant Reynolds were the only ones who were not recaptured. They managed to secretly reach the home of a Union sympathi- zer, who at the risk of his life hid them, pro- vided them with Confederate scrip and gave them civilian clothes. With many hardships and additional adventures, they finally reached General Franklin's headquarters, and were then transported to New Orleans. Captain Stott was given a furlough of 30 days, but returned to his command in time to take part in the capture of Mobile. He was dangerously wounded by a spent ball at Prairie Grove, Ar- kansas. His command was sent as a provost guard to General Polk after the battle of Cor- inth, which duty occupied four months, and was then sent to Batesville, Arkansas, to guard a wagon train of 1,000 oxen. His final dis- charge took place at Selma, Alabama, with a soldier's record of which his family may be justly proud.
Captain Stott returned to his family in In- diana, entering into business at Vernon, where he continued until 1869, when he moved to Kansas and bought a farm in Sheridan town- ship, Cherokee County. For about 1 1 years he was engaged in farming and stock-raising, taking much interest in agricultural pursuits, and enjoying its labors and returns. He bought more land, his holdings aggregating 400 acres at the time of his decease, and, al-
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though he moved to Columbus in 1880, he con- tinued to be deeply concerned with his lands and stock. His removal to the city was neces- sitated on account of his election, in the fall of 1879, to the office of county treasurer, which was followed by a reelection.
In 1858 Captain Stott married Mary Z. Johnson, who was born at Niles, Michigan. Captain Stott was one of the strong Republi- cans of this section, and Mrs. Stott earnestly shared his political zeal, having been reared in this party, with which her father was actively identified from the time of its formation.
Captain and Mrs. Stott had five children, four of whom died in infancy. One daughter, Helene (Mrs. Walter Scott), died August 17, 1902, leaving two little daughters, — Helen and Ethel, — who live with their grandmother. Mrs. Stott capably manages the large estate left by her husband. She is well known in Co- lumbus, where she and Captain Stott were long hospitable hosts, and interested in the city's social life. A portrait of Captain Stott accom- panies this sketch. .
OUIS LAFAYETTE DEAN, post- master and merchant at Neutral, and manager for the branch office for the Long-Bell Lumber Company at this place, was born at Osceola, Clark County, Iowa, July 30, 1868, and is a son of Newton Jasper and Mollie M. (Zink) Dean.
Moses Dean, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was born at Schenectady, New York. At an early day he moved to Ohio and later to Iowa, farming and following his trade of shoemaking. Subsequently he devoted his attention solely to agricultural pursuits. He married Priscilla Suddith, who still survives and resides with her son, Newton Jasper Dean. Newton Jasper Dean, father of Louis L.,
was born in Newton County, Ohio, where the family lived until he was 12 years of old, when the family home became established in Iowa, and in the "Hawkeye State" he completed his education. Until 1855 he followed farming in Iowa and then removed to Kansas City, Mis- souri, where he successfully engaged in a livery business. Upon leaving that city, he was occu- pied in farming for one year in Leavenworth County, Kansas. After a short stay at Argen- tine, Kansas, he settled at Gardner, where he was engaged in the butcher business until 1899, when the whole family came to Cherokee County. Mr. Dean in association with his sons is now engaged in a mercantile business at Neu- tral, handling a large line of dry goods and gro- ceries. He married Mollie M. Zink, a daughter of Louis Zink, a farmer of Iowa. The two sons of this marriage are Louis Lafayette and James Moses.
Louis L. Dean attended school in Iowa and later spent two years in Kansas City, Missouri, completing a very liberal course of instruction at the age of 19 years. For some time after leaving school, he followed the carpenter's trade in and around Kansas City, but in 1888 removed with his parents to Gardner, Kansas, where he was employed by the G. B. Shaw Lumber Company and continued with that firm for 18 months. At the time of the opening of the Cherokee Strip, he went to Coffeyville and entered into the lumber business for C. S. Pellet at Enid and Pond Creek, Oklahoma, where he remained four months and then engaged with The Long-Bell Lumber Company and in their interest remained one year at Kingfisher, Okla- homa. Since then he has been located at Neu- tral where he has full charge of the branch of The Long-Bell Lumber Company. He is in- terested with his father and brother in merchan- dising at Neutral and since January 1, 1898, has been postmaster at Neutral.
On August 21, 1895, Mr. Dean was mar-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
ried to Mary Ida Sizemore.who is a daughter of James C. Sizemore, of Spring Valley township. They have one daughter, — Marjorie Louise.
Politically, Mr. Dean is a strong Republi- can. Fraternally he belongs to the Odd Fel- lows and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is recognized as one of the progressive busi- ness men of this section and one of its represen- tative citizens.
EORGE EWERS, one of the best known men and oldest settlers of Cherokee County, is located on a fine farm in section 33, township 34, range 25, in Garden township. He was born in Belmont County, Ohio, December 22, 1834, and is a son of John and Martha (Wood) Ewers. His father, who was a fanner and boatman, plying on the Ohio River, is now de- ceased. One brother of our subject resides in the Indian Territory and one in Galena, Kansas. George Ewers was reared on a farm and received his educational training in an old hewed-log school house. He did not attend school beyond the age of 14 or 15 years, but worked with his father on the farm and at boat- ing, running on a steamboat between Cincin- nati, Ohio, and Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. He came to Kansas March 28, 1857, and located in Labette County, where the town of Chetopa is now located, being one of a company of three sent to locate a town. It was supposed this was government land, but the town-site proved to be on Osage Indian land. There were but four houses in Chetopa at that time, and Mr. Ewers lived in a little log cabin, rudely built. After the excitement of the Civil War had subsided, in 1865, he located on Shoal Creek, where he has since resided. Game was very plentiful in those days and the country wild, and it was
no uncommon occurrence for him to go out and shoot a deer or a bull buffalo. Wild ducks and turkeys abounded and the streams were plentifully supplied with fish. Many times he has seen the creek rise out of its banks, and in 1875 it rose to a depth of 37 feet. On his present farm he lived in a cabin, 18 by 20 feet in dimensions, until 1900, when he erected a good, substantial residence. He has always en- gaged in general farming and stock-raising, and has been a very successful business man. He has played his part in the development of this section of the State and has always been found in support of such measures as tended to that end. He is a man of wide acquaintance and a representative farmer.
Mr. Ewers was first married to Peggy Ann Field, a quarter-blood Cherokee Indian, by whom he had two children : George and Peggy Ann. The children being i6th-blood Cher- okees received Indian rights in the treaty with the government. Mrs. Ewers died in 1866, and on June 7, 1867, he formed a second union with Ellen Dixon, a daughter of Enoch and Elizabeth (Keel) Dixon, natives of Tennessee. Mr. Dixon and his family removed from Ten- nessee to Missouri in 1866. Mrs. Ewers has one sister and one brother living, namely : Alexander Dixon, of Galena, Kansas, com- mercial traveler for a wholesale grocery, who married Alice J. Thatcher, and has had four children, two of them living, — George Alex- ander and Wade; and Mary (Mrs. Samuel Fisher), of Indiana.
Our subject and his wife became the pa- rents of five children, three of whom are living, as follows : Amer, who lives at home ; Maud, who married Henry Card of the Indian Terri- tory, and has one son, — Charles Harold ; and Charles, who lives at home. The two oldest children died within three hours of each other, Joseph Henry at the age of eight years, and
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Mary Alice at ten years. Their death was very sudden and it was a sad blow for their parents. Mr. Ewers has always interested himself in public affairs but has never sought nor accepted office.
AMUEL H. SMITH, a prominent citi- zen of Baxter Springs and a leading lawyer of Cherokee County, whose portrait appears on the opposite page, was born in Washington County, Pennsyl- vania, July 24, 1859. He is a son of Clark D. and Lydia Rodgers (Bryce) Smith. His father died in 1878; his mother is still living at the age of 74.
Samuel Smith, the great-grandfather, of our subject and the first of the family of whom we have a definite record, in his early manhood came from "over the mountains" in Eastern Pennsylvania and settled in Washington County, that State, in the latter part of the 1 8th century and became a large land pro- prietor. Among the children born to him and his wife, Huldah Rush, was Hiram Smith, the grandfather of our subject, who followed the occupation of a millwright and lived his life in honor, prosperity and peace in Washington County. Hiram Smith was married to Huldah Rodgers, who bore him seven children, viz. : Albert; Edmund; Samuel H. ; Clark D. ; Alex- ander V. ; Benjamin Franklin and Huldah.
Clark D. Smith, our subject's father, was born September 5, 1829. He received a thor- ough common-school education and turned his attention to teaching, an occupation in which he was eminently successful. He was joined in marriage December 10, 185 1, to Lydia Rodgers Bryce, daughter of Andrew and Lydia (Van Nort) Bryce, of Fayette County, Pennsylvania. To this marriage eight chil- dren were born : Charles Andrew, who died in 1877; James Hiram, a well-known lawyer of
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Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, prosecutor of the no- torious "Armor-plate Frauds;" Ada Kate (Markell), of Connellsville, Pennsylvania; Samuel H. ; Sarah Helen (Williams), of St. Louis, Missouri ; Alexander Vail ; William Bryce, who died in January, 1893, while at- tending Harvard; and Thomas Herbert, who died in February, 1904, in the city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.
Andrew Bryce, our subject's maternal grandfather, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, where he married Jean Gilchrist. They came to this country soon after their marriage and settled in Indiana. For many years Mr. Bryce carried on a profitable business as a trader along the Ohio River. His wife died and soon thereafter he moved into Western Pennsyl- vania and engaged in the milling ("grist mill") business in Fayette County, where he married Lydia Van Nort, daughter of Peter Van Nort and his wife Mary Rodgers, who was of English descent. There were born to Andrew Bryce and his wife Lydia : Lydia Rodgers, mother of the subject of our sketch, born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, in November, 1 831; Andrew Van Nort, of Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania; Sarah Elizabeth (McCormick). de- ceased; and Helen Marr (Phillips), of East End, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.
Samuel H. Smith received his early educa- tion in the public schools of his native countv. A student by nature, he made rapid progress in his studies and at the age of 18 years began teaching school, for which work he was ex- ceptionally well qualified and in which he con- tinued for six years ; then for a time he turned his attention to civil engineering, in railroad location and construction work. But for, years< it had been his fixed purpose to take up the study of law, and to this end he entered the Law Department of the University of Michi- gan, at Ann Arbor, and graduated therefrom in 1885. The following year he accepted the
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principalship of the schools at Jackson, Minne- sota. In 1886 he opened a law office in Win- throp, Minnesota, and in November, 1888, came to Baxter, Springs, Kansas, where he has ever since made his home, with the exception of three years (1894-97) spent in Joplin, Missouri.
Mr. Smith possesses an exceptionally thor- ough knowledge of the underlying principles of the law ; is noted for his being a "safe" counsellor and one who seeks to keep his clients out of litigation, preferring to be known as a "suit-settler" rather, than a "suit-fighter;" but when once entered into a case Mr. Smith brings to his command such skill and pertinacity and such masterful argument that the opposition always knows there has been a "fight."
Ever since his advent into Cherokee Cnunty Mr. Smith has been active in its political his- tory. He has never sought political office or favor, but in the year 1900, without his sug- gestion or initiative, he was presented by his Cherokee County party friends as their candi- date for the Fusion nomination for Congress- man. Mr. Smith is a pioneer Anti-Imperialist and has written several articles that were re- produced in the Eastern press and favorably commented upon. In recognition of his serv- ices, the National Anti-Imperialist League made him an honorary vice-president of that body — a considerable honor. Mr. Smith is a strong and unyielding advocate of the rigid enforcement of law. He has no respect for the political "trimmer" and naught but loath- ing for the public officer who takes his official oath lightly. In 1902 Mr. Smith, having be- come satisfied that economic justice to all can l)e attained only through the application of the principles of Socialism, announced himself a Socialist.
Mr. Smith is a member of the MasoniG order, the Ancient Order of United Workmen
and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is a well read, courteous, polished gentleman.
Mr. Smith was married June 27, 1885, to Esther Julia Pitkin, daughter of Edward P. and Julia A. (Gott) Pitkin of Ann Arbor, Michigan. Edward P. Pitkin is a direct de- scendant of William Pitkin, colonial Governor of Connecticut from 1766 to 1769. Two chil- dren have been born to them : Margaret Gott, born August 25, 1887; and William Bryce, born July 30, 1889. Mrs. Smith is a lady of education, refinement and pleasant personality. The family are church members.
ON. JOHN STAUFFER. On a farm in section 19, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township, lives ex- Probate Judge John Stauffer, for 34 years one of the leading spirits of the county, and a gentleman to whom all citizens unite in according a very high reputation. For four years he served the county faithfully and ef- ficiently as chief officer of the Probate Court ; he has also served as trustee of his township and held other offices. He was born in Mont- gomery County, Ohio, near Dayton, in 1834. and located on his present farm July 25, 1870. Judge John Stauffer is a son of John and Elizabeth (Kelly) Stauffer, both parents being natives of the "Keystone State", the father, of Lancaster County, and the mother, of Dauphin County. With their respective families they, early in childhood, removed to Ohio, where they married, and where the mother died in young womanhood. In 1850 the father moved to Carroll County, Indiana, where he married again and continued to reside until his death. To his first wife were born three sons, of whom Judge Stauffer is the second in order of birth. The eldest was Samuel, who died in Indiana in
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January, 1903. The youngest, Henry K., is now a resident of the "Hoosier State." To the second marriage was born a daughter, now Mrs. Naomi Nelson, of Caney, Kansas.
In the common schools of his native State, Judge Stauffer received the basis of an educa- tion to which an unusually observant mind has added until men refer to him as a "well-read man." He is a thorough student of men and nature, and a most pleasing conversationalist. He has been a farmer the greater part of his life, although in his younger years he followed the carpenter's trade for a period. He remained in Indiana until matters had adjusted them- selves after the great Civil War, when he turned his face toward the undeveloped West. The land on which he located in Cher- okee County was virgin soil. Not a tree nor shrub, nor any improvement seen upon it to-day but is the work of his hand. As the years have passed, the farm has re- sponded to his intelligent efforts, and it now presents a most pleasing appearance in its well kept fields and commodious buildings. As be- fore stated Judge Stauffer has always taken a keen interest in affairs about him. He aided in the organization of Crawford, his home township, of which he has been a trustee at different times, aggregating about 15 years. Prior to the rise of the Reform party, Judge Stauffer had always been a stanch Republican, casting his first vote for the "Pathfinder", Gen. John C. Fremont. But in the late "eighties", he was among those who felt that relief could come in no other way than in the reformation of party lines, and he therefore became a Popu- list. His well known strength in the county brought him the nomination for the Probate judgeship in 1891, and again in 1893 he helped to carry the banner of that party to victory.
Judge Stauffer has always been a willing and liberal supporter of religious and educa-
tional institutions. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church and has been an Odd Fel- low for the past 40 years, having been a charter member of the first lodge of that order at Columbus, and being instrumental in or- ganizing the second one.
Judge Stauffer was married on April 8, 1856, his bride, Elizabeth King, being his pres- ent companion. Mrs. Stauffer was born in Carroll County, Indiana, September 21, 1831, and is a daughter of James and Jane (Mc- Elhaney) King. She is one of three children born to her mother, who died young. The father married a second time, and is also de- ceased. Eight children have come to the home of Judge and Mrs. Stauffer, as follows : Jennie; Harriet; Eva; one, unnamed, who died in in- fancy ; James K. ; Samuel K. ; Thaddeus ; and Millie. James K., a farmer of Crawford town- ship, married Lulu Crane, a daughter of A. W. Crane, formerly of Cherokee County, but now of Missouri ; her children are, — Lulu, Mollie, Samuel, Maggie and Imogene. Sam- uel K., who resides on the home farm in a separate house, married Addie Medlin, daugh- ter of Littleton Medlin, who resides with them. Their children are, — John, Juanita, Paul and Dorothy. Thaddeus is a clerk in the Roberts store in Columbus ; he married Maggie Thomas, and has one child, — Fleta. Millie is the wife of T. W. Thomason, former county clerk of Cherokee County, but now in the mining busi- ness at Galena ; her children are, — Thaddeus and Madeline.
LBERT E. WENZEL, one of the prominent citizens of Garden town- ship, is township trustee, in which capacity he is serving with credit to himself and to the lasting good of the com- munity. He is enthusiastic in improving the
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country roads, working hand in hand with the road overseer, and it is to his credit that greater improvements along this line have been made during his incumbency than during that of any of his predecessors.
Mr. Wenzel was born in Franklin County, Missouri, February 25, 1869, and is a son of William and Mehala (Roy) Wenzel, his father being a native of Germany and his mother, of Indiana. William Wenzel removed to Mis- souri at an early day and for some time en- gaged in merchandising. He engaged as gen- eral merchant at Bloomington, Missouri, the goods being hauled from St. Louis. He lived in Missouri until his death, and his wife also died there at the age of 51 years.
Albert E. Wenzel was one of 11 children born to his parents, seven of whom are now liv- ing. He received his education in the public schools and in the Friends' School at Lowell. He came to Cherokee County, July 2, 1887, and has since engaged in mining with some suc- cess. He has also farmed some and is now lo- cated on the 160-acre tract of the Bonanza Lead & Zinc Company in Garden township. He is a Republican in politics, and has held all of the township offices, serving one term as clerk, one year as treasurer, three terms as road overseer, and for the past two years has been township trustee, for which office he is now a candidate, having been recently nom- inated on the Republican ticket. He frequently has been chosen as delegate to county and con- gressional conventions, and is an active party worker. As township trustee he has exchanged ideas with the road overseer, and working in harmony, they have been enabled to accom- plish the best results. One road direct to Galena has been surveyed and they are now- cutting through the hill, an improvement others have sought to accomplish but failed. The season promises many other important im- provements, the different roads being graded
and graveled, particularly the road from the Lowell school house to Baxter Springs.
In 1893, Mr. Wenzel was joined in mar- riage with Prudence Rice, who was born on Tennessee Prairie in Garden township and was 10 weeks old when her mother died. She was taken to raise by her aunt, Mrs. Rebecca Gross- man, who gave her a mother's care. Mrs. Grossman was born in Livingston County, New York, September 20, 1828, and is a daughter of Jonathan and Comfort (Shumuay) Agard, being one of five living children, four of whom reside in Galena. Her father was a native of Connecticut, and her mother, of Eastern New York. Mrs. Grossman came to Cherokee County in 1871. Religiously, she is a member of the Congregational Church. She first mar- ried Samuel H. Archer, who was born in Salem, Massachusetts, and died in Tennessee, and they had three sons : Cleveland, a resident of Galena, who married Margaret Lee and has five children; George D., who lives at home; and James A., who married Delia Cook and has five children. In 1862, Mrs. Archer was mar- ried to William Grossman.
Mrs. Wenzel received the best of schooling and home training. She was graduated from the schools of Garden township, then attended Galena High School two years and Columbus Normal School three years, after which she took a three-years college course in music. She received a certificate of qualification to teach the piano, organ, guitar and banjo, and has since engaged in teaching. Our subject and his wife are parents of one son, Orval. Religiously, they are members of the Christian Church.
WEN FINLEY, one of the early set- tlers of Mineral township, and one of its most respected citizens, was born in Ireland in 1843, and died in Kan- sas, February 5, 1904.
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The late Air. Finley had been a resident of the United States ever since he reached the age of six years, and of Kansas, for 35 years. His father died in Ireland and the mother, with her five children, came to America and located in Bureau County, Illinois. There the family lived until 1865, when Mr. Finley was married to Kate Murphy, a daughter of Patrick and Mary (McDonald) Murphy, both of whom died in Ireland. Mrs. Finley's brother, Wil- liam Murphy, had preceded his two sisters, Kate and Mary, to America, and had settled at Arlington, Illinois, where Mary still resides.
In 1869, Owen Finley and William Murphy came to Kansas. They selected farms in Mineral township, Cherokee County, which was then but sparsely settled. Mrs. Finley well recalls the loneliness of living in a box house, removed several miles from neighbors, and the other hardships which met the pioneer settlers. For miles and miles, as far as the eye could see, rolled the prairies, at that time unbroken by highways or by improvements of any kind. It took years of hard work on Mr. Finley's part to get into first-class condition his farm of 160 acres, but he was a man of great industry, and finally accomplished it, and was permitted to live long enough to enjoy the fruits of his hard labors.
Mr. and Mrs. Finley had a family of 1 1 children born to them, seven of whom grew to maturity, and of these six are living, as follows : Mary, born near La Moille, Illinois, who mar- ried Daniel Grant, and has four children, — Catherine, Lizzie, Daniel and John ; Ann, born in Mineral township, who married John Toner, and has four children, — John, Joseph, Edwin and Anthony ; and Maggie, John, Edward and Kate, all of whom were born in Mineral town- ship, and still reside here. William died aged five years ; and Ellen, wife of John Grant, died aged 33 years.
Mrs. Finley still owns the homestead farm, where she and her husband spent so many years of hard work. She conducts the farm and is able to live at ease. Mr. Finley was known for his high character, and was universally re- spected. He reared a most estimable family, (and gave them all the advantages possible in this locality, to fit them for the duties of life. Industry and frugality had been his lifelong characteristics, and these habits he instilled into his children. He was a man of kind heart and generous impulses, and gave in charity where he knew it was deserved.
„ ETER GRAHAM, postmaster at 9 is Scammon, and a popular and highly respected citizen whose portrait ac- companies this sketch, was born in Scotland in 1844, and is a son of James and Jeane (Currie) Graham.
Both parents were natives of Scotland, and the father died there at the age of 65 years and the mother at the age of 73 years. The father was a tanner by trade, and a much esteemed business man in his locality. He had three children, — Peter, Robert and Jennie. The last named is a widow, still living in Scotland, while Robert is a very prominent citizen of Glasgow, Scotland, where he occupies a posi- tion of trust and responsibility.
Peter Graham was reared in his native land, and there learned the business of a currier. In 1 87 1, with his family, he came to America, seeking a desirable location in which to estab- lish himself and carry on his business. Not finding it in Boston, Massachusetts, where he landed, he came as far West as Chicago, reach- ing that city during the great fire of 1871. This of itself prevented his finding an opening there, and he removed to Milwaukee, Wiscon-
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sin. For a time he found work in dressing leather in a tannery there, and then went to Illinois and was employed in a blacksmith shop. He then secured employment in the mines about Braidwood. Illinois, where he continued until the great flood of 1882 wrecked the prop- erty and deluged the mines, causing the death of 68 people.
In 1884 Mr. Graham reached Kansas and settled at Scammon, Cherokee County, becom- ing a coal miner, for the Keith & Perry Coal Company, now the Central Coal & Coke Com- pany, and worked for a year and a half. In 1886 he was called from the mines to accept from President Cleveland the appointment of postmaster at Scammon. Mr. Graham ac- cepted the office and efficiently performed its duties for 18 months, when a question of politi- cal preference arose and he was superseded by a stanch Democrat. The election of President- Harrison caused his reappointment to the office in which he was retained by President McKin- ley and President Roosevelt. The many years of his public service have demonstrated his usefulness to the good people of Scammon, who have learned to place implicit confidence in his integrity, and to feel grateful for the faithful- ness with which the duties of the office are performed.
Mr. Graham was married in 1866, in Scot- land, to Annie Kerr, who was born in that country. Three of their children were born there, and the others, five in number, were born in America. Those living are as follows: James C, who married Lee Ann Evans, of Weir City, Kansas, and has four children. — Ada, Tira, Peter and James ; Jennie, who mar- ried Charles Quarton, of Scammon, and has two sons, — Robert and Thomas; Kate Smith, born in Illinois, who married W. P. Allen, of Scammon, and has three sons, — Peter, Gilbert and James; and Thomas R., born in Scammon, •who attends the Cherokee County High School
at Columbus. Four children died in infancy, — Thomas dying in Edinburgh, Scotland, and Ann, Kate and a babe, in Illinois.
OUIS SCHMELL, a prosperous farmer of Salamanca township, owning an 80-acre farm consisting of the north half of the southeast quarter of sec- tion 3, township 33, range 23. came to the county from the "Buckeye State" in 1880 and located on his present farm. He is a native of Wurtemberg, Germany, born May 2, 1837.
The parents of Mr. Schmell died when he was a babe, and he was reared by relatives. He was, however, well cared for, provided with a good schooling, and apprenticed to the black- smith's trade. At the completion of his term of apprenticeship he resolved to seek his fortune in the New World, and in i860 became a citi- zen of Columbus, Ohio. There he obtained work in a brewing establishment, and was en- gaged in that business when he yielded to the .promptings of patriotism, and gave his serv- ices for the suppression of the Rebellion. He enlisted in Company F, 85th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., in January, 1863. In this regiment, which became part of the 17th Army Corps, he did faithful service until October, 1865, when he received an honorable discharge at Lexington, Kentucky. Mr. Schmell participated in several important engagements with no bodily harm, though the hardships of the service caused him to spend some time in hospital.
Mr. Schmell returned to Columbus, and re- mained in Ohio until his settlement in Cherokee County. His marriage occurred in Dayton, Ohio. The maiden name of his wife was Catherine Schmid. She, too, was a native-born German, her parents having been natives of Wurtemberg. She came to America in 1S59, and died in Cherokee County November 18,
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1903, at the age of 61 years. She was a devoted wife and mother, and is sincerely mourned by her husband and children. She had three sons and three daughters, as follows : Callie, wife of Albert Cline, a farmer residing three miles east of the home farm ; William, a stock-raiser at Yuma, Arizona; Henry, of Walla Walla, Washington ; and Louis, Bertha and Emma, who are still at home.
Mr. Schmell votes the Republican ticket. Fraternally, he is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, John A. Dix Post, No. 59, of Columbus. In the matter of religion he is lib- eral in his views, not being a member of the church, but ever ready to give aid to any insti- tution, either religious or educational. His record in Cherokee County has been such as to gain the esteem of all classes.
MERSON HULL, deputy county clerk of Cherokee County, and the owner of a finely improved farm of 160 acres, situated a mile and a half south of Columbus, was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, October 19, 1850, and is a son of Samuel and Maria (Watts) Hull.
In 1880 Samuel Hull and his family re- moved to Russell, Russell County, Kansas, where he purchased a farm and was engaged in its development until his death in 1894. His widow still survives and resides on the home farm. Emerson Hull's three brothers and four sisters have homes of their own in different localities. Mrs. Elizabeth Weaver resides in Pennsylvania ; Isaac is a farmer, of Russell County; Levi conducts a hotel at Excelsior Springs, Missouri ; Martin Douglas is a mer- chant, of Kansas City, Missouri ; Clara, wife of Lute Wilson, lives in Russell County; Mrs. Ida Overholser resides with her mother in Russell County ; and Anna is the wife of Rev. E. Can-
non, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, now residing at Lincoln, Kansas.
Mr. Hull lived in the State of Illinois for about eight years, becoming a resident of Will County, where, at the age of 2 1 years, he was married to Sarah Moyer, who was born in that county. He then came to Cherokee County, and resided on his farm until he accepted his present office, when he leased the farm and lo- cated in Columbus. Mr. and Mrs. Hull have one daughter, Maude, nine years old, who was born in Cherokee County.
Politically, Mr. Hull was reared a Demo- crat, but is now identified with the Populist party. He is one of the trustees of the Chero- kee County High School, having first been ap- pointed when the school was started. Later, he was elected trustee, and has served ever since with the greatest zeal and efficiency. He is a member of the New Light Christian Church, in which he is an ordained minister.
Mr. Hull is one of the very successful farmers and fruit growers of Salamanca town- ship, and owns an ideal Kansas home. Dur- ing the winters, he was formerly engaged in teaching. He and his family are well known and popular residents of this section.
OX. ROBERT MARION MARK- HAM, M. D., mayor of Scammon, an eminent physician and one of the most prominent men of Cherokee County, was born in 1862 in Illinois, and is a son of Dr. Wesley and Ann (Minier) Markham.
Dr. Wesley Markham was born in Ken- tucky, came to Cherokee County in 1870, and is now engaged in the practice of his profes- sion at Lawton, Missouri. He married Ann Minier, a native of Tennessee, who died at Fort Scott, Kansas, in 1899. They had four children : Ella, born in Illinois, who married
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R. S. Gilfillan and has three children, — Dessie, Alvin and Pearl; Robert Marion, our subject; Charles C, born in Illinois, who married Jessie Newberry; and Effie, born at Columbus, Kan- sas, who married Andrew J. Davis, and has three children, — Opal, Erma and John.
Robert Marion Markham came to Cherokee County with his parents and received his prim- ary education in the common schools, in early manhood beginning the study of medicine. He was graduated at a medical college of Kansas City, Missouri, receiving his degree in 1892, al- though he had done some practicing at Scam- mon as early as 1890. He has been in active practice ever since, although he has many out- side business interests. In 1896 he opened a drug business, mainly for his own accommoda- tion but its scope so expanded that in 1901 he incorporated the Markham Drug Company, of which he is president and his wife, secretary and treasurer.
In 1894 Dr. Markham married Jennie P. Mackie, daughter of David Mackie, Sr., an old settler and very influential citizen of Scammon. They have one son, David Wesley, who was born at Scammon.
Dr. Markham is one of Scammon's most prominent and enterprising citizens. He is a stanch Republican and in 1903 was elected on that party's ticket as mayor of Scammon for a term of two years ; his administration has been of such a character as to win him still greater public esteem than that which he has enjoyed for a long period. He has been very active in promoting the commercial interests of the town and has found time to take part in much of its pleasant social life. He was one of the organizers and is a director of the State Bank of Scammon ; owns a half interest in the Fa- mous Dry Goods Company ; is vice-president of the Peacock Mining Company of Kansas; and is treasurer and a director of the Eisenhart Min- ing Company.
The Cherokee County Medical Society, the Southeastern Kansas Medical Association, and the Kansas State Medical Society all claim Dr. Markham as a valued member, and he is medi- cal examiner at Scammon for the New York Life Insurance Company, the Equitable Insur- ance Company of Iowa and various Kansas benevolent associations.
The Doctor's fraternal connections include the Masons, the Knights of Pythias and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and he is serving in the office of president of the Scam- mon Commercial Club, an organization having on its membership rolls the leading business men of the place.
F. BUSH, D. D. S., who has been practicing dental surgery at Colum- bus since September, 1903, has gained recognition as a practitioner of skill, and has become very popular person- ally. Dr. Bush was born in 1876 at Meshop- pen, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, and is a son of Sylvester and Lavantia (Cole) Bush.
The Bush family is one of the oldest in Pennsylvania. The maternal line, which reaches back to England, has been established in the "Keystone State" for many generations. In 1888 Dr. Bush's father removed to Scran- ton, Pennsylvania, and still resides in that beautiful city, engaged in contracting and building. The family consists of the parents and two sons, — Dr. Bush and his brother, David V. Bush, who has made a reputation as a comedian on the stage.
Dr. Bush was reared and primarily edu- cated at Scranton, but when he had chosen his profession he went to Philadelphia and was graduated at the Philadelphia Dental College on May 1, 1903, although he has practiced for 12 vears. He located at Columbus in the fall
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of 1903, and has met with the most satisfactory success. His well appointed offices are located in the Benham Block, where all modern im- provements in dental practice are made use of.
Dr. Bush was married in Scranton, Penn- sylvania, to Ella May Whitbeck, who was born in Scranton, and is a daughter of J. E. Whit- beck, a carpenter by trade, and a member of an old and well known family of that section. Dr. and Mrs. Bush have one daughter, Ruth Ger- aldine, who was born in Scranton. Both pa- rents attend the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Fraternally Dr. Bush is associated with the Masons, Ancient Order of United Workmen, Knights of Labor, Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Heptasophs, and he is also a mem- ber of the State Dental Association. He was a very popular fraternal member while at col- lege, and was president of the Garretsonian Society, and a member of the Psi Omega Den- tal fraternity. During his senior year at col- lege, Dr. Bush was selected as demonstrator, a much desired position.
. ETER DRESIA. During the month ■* Js of August, 1857, there came to Amer- ica, in the stream of emigration from Germany, the gentleman whose name is at the head of this review, who lives on the southwest quarter of section 16, township 32, range 23, in Ross township. He was born in Germany on January 17, 1825, and is a son of Francis and Agnes (Wimmer) Dresia. His father was a farmer all his life, which was spent with his wife in Germany. Peter Dresia is one of seven children as follows : William, Mathias, Peter. Anton, Henry, Cathrena, and Petronella. Of all this family, Peter is the only survivor.
Mr. Dresia was reared in the "Fatherland" and attended the schools of Germany, France,
and Italy. He worked on the farm while yet a young man. He served for three years as an officer in the Prussian Army, and was in the war of 1848, where he received two wounds. He is the proud possessor of a medal of honor, for faithfulness in the service under King Fred- erick Wilhelm IV. He was in several battles, among them being those of Frankfort, West Baden and Mogerstorm. In 1852 he left the army and went to Rome. He was there nearly four years, studying for the Catholic priest- hood, and at the same time studied medicine. He had to abandon his studies because of ill health, and went to he mountains for three months.
As before stated, the subject of this sketch came to America in 1857. He did not come directly to Kansas, however, but stayed in Cleveland, Ohio, for three months, and then went to the country for his health, as his lungs were weak. A little later his father was taken sick, and sent for him to come back to the old country. He stayed there for four weeks and then returned to the United States. He again went to Ohio and farmed for two years. Thence he went to Lenawee County, Michigan, where he stayed for three years and farmed. From there he went to Nashville, Tennessee, and operated a truck garden. Mr. Dresia then turned his face Westward, and 1871 found him in Cherokee County, Kansas, where he was the first settler in his section. This section was wild land at that time. Mr. Dresia put up a small house and at once began to improve his farm. The people of the present day can hardly imagine that where his farm stands, with its first-rate farm house and buildings, and well tilled fields, was a bare prairie 30 odd years ago.
Mr. Dresia was married in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1859 to Christine Pickol, of Germany. To their marriage have been born eight children, as follows : Wilhelmina, wife of George Eades,
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of the Indian Territory ; William, a farmer of Ross township ; Herman, of this county ; Frank, a miner of Ross township ; Christina, of Ross township; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of Joseph Gordan, and two infants, a son and daughter, deceased.
Besides his farm, which he now rents, the subject of this sketch formerly had 80 acres more, but sold that much of his estate. He also has town lots in Jacksonville, Florida, and in Miami, Indian Territory, and is interested in a lumber yard in Columbus.
Mr. Dresia has been a school officer and road overseer. He is a member of the Republi- can party, and belongs to the A. H. T. A. The Catholic Church has always found him a ready supporter, financially and otherwise. He always keeps a stock of medicines on hand, and doctors his own family.
These pages will serve to acquaint the reader with the main facts in the history of Mr. Dresia, but any of his close friends and neighbors will tell of many little acts of kind- ness, for which- the whole community respects and esteems him. A picture of Mr. and Mrs. Dresia, taken with two of their children, ac- companies this sketch.
OHN W. STONE. Inseparably asso- ciated with the early history of the State of Kansas as the son of one of its martyrs, is John W. Stone, a farmer living near Baxter Springs, in section 12, township 35, range 24, in Spring Valley township, where he resides on a farm of 80 acres. He was born in Grayson County, Texas, February 10, 1851.
Joseph Stone, his father, a native of Ten- nessee, was born in 1817. After acquiring a common-school education, he engaged in the occupation of farming. While still a young
man, he removed to Texas, where he was occu- pied in stock-raising along with his farming, as was the custom of the farmers of that State. Before leaving Tennessee, he was united in marriage to Ruth Armstrong of the same State. To this union were born eight children, as fol- lows; James, living in Ohio; Caroline (Mrs. John Shields), who lives in Texas; Elijah, who died in Galena, Kansas, in 1902; Mary Jane (Mrs. James Mordica) ; Martha, who resides in Texas; Joseph, whose home is in California; Amanda, who died in childhood ; and John W., our subject.
After having spent a number of years in farming and stock-raising in Texas, Joseph Stone, in 1853, removed to Barton County, Missouri, where he remained until the fall of 1863. Being a loyal Union man, he was com- pelled to leave Missouri, in order to escape the bitter hatred of his pro-slavery neighbors, the life of a Union sympathizer being held of very little value by them. After moving to Douglas County, Kansas, an attempt was made by his former neighbors to take him back to Missouri on some false charge, but it was frustrated by the prompt action of his friends. The band known as "Ouantrell's Guerrillas," knowing that he resided somewhere in Douglas County, then made up their minds to get him at any cost. Surrounding his home one night, they de- manded his surrender. He arose and tried by reasoning with them to allay their hatred, but they would have nothing but unconditional surrender, or in all probability the house would have been burned, so Mr. Stone, realizing the futility of trying to resist such numbers, gave himself up. The band condescended to allow him to dress, before he began the journey which he knew was to end in his death. About a half a mile from his home, the band stopped and he was ordered to prepare for death. Mr. Stone's fortitude and bravery so enraged one of the band, that he struck his victim with a
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musket and broke his arm, just before another ruffian drew near and shot him through the temple, instantly killing him. This occurred in 1864 and is only one of the many instances when men became martyrs to this State, through the fierce vengeance of that ruffian band of guerrillas. To-day, near Trading Post, on the line between Kansas and Missouri, stands a monument to the men who suffered martyrdom.
A year after the death of her husband, Mrs. Stone, leaving the scene of her sorrows, moved with her family to Cherokee County, locating in Garden township, where she died in 1879.
John W. Stone received a common-school education in the schools of Missouri and Kan- sas. At the time of the removal of the family to Cherokee County, he was 14 years of age. He remained at home working on the farm until he was 17 years old, when he went out as a laborer. On May 8, 1870, he was united in marriage to Mary Berger, daughter of Adam and Eliza Berger, of Cherokee County. To this union were born five children, as follows, — William, a farmer in the Indian Terri- tory, who married Eliza Rigsby and has five children, named as follows, — Goldie, Elsie, Ray, Paul and Hazel; Albert, living in Labette County, who married Carrie Ray- mer and has one child, — Floyd ; Etta, who married G. W. Dale, engaged in the wholesale feed business in Joplin, Missouri, and has these children,— Grace, Essie, Otho, Opal, Earl and Marie; Dora, who married William Geary, a salesman living in Iola, Kansas, and has two children, — Murl and Weymouth ; and Minnie, wife of Arthur Leroy Hubbard, — they reside with our subject.
After his marriage, Mr. Stone went to farming for himself. He also engaged in rais- ing hay and stock, and has for nearly 20 years been a successful farmer. He also has large mining interests. He is a stanch member of
the Republican party, for the principles of which his father suffered martyrdom. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. The farm on which our subject resides comprises 40 acres of well improved farm land, all under cultivation. It is one of the most desirable and comfortable of homes for himself and wife as they advance in years. Here they live, esteemed by neighbors and friends and enjoying the results of their labor in earlier years.
AMUEL JEFFERSON ELLIS, one of the most prosperous farmers of Shawnee township, is well known to the older settlers of the county, among whom he has lived for so many years. He came to this vicinity as early as 1869, and has wit- nessed the wonderful change from prairie to cultivated fields, from sparsely settled commu- nities to populous cities and towns. He was: born in Cocke County, Tennessee, August 15. 1845, and is a son of Elbert and Temperance (Driskill) Ellis, coming of English and Scotch ancestry.
The great-grandfather of our subject was Isaac Ellis, who came from England to this country, locating in North Carolina. He served in the Revolutionary War and was a man typi- cal of our colonial settlers, strong in character, strong in deed and of the highest sense of honor.
Samuel Ellis, grandfather of Samuel J., was born in Rutherford County, North Caro- iina, and served in the latter part of the Revo- lutionary War. being under Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox." He was wounded at the battle of Cowpens. He early moved to Ten- nessee, and about 1824 came West to Folk- County, Missouri, where he was one of the pioneers. He married Mary Howard, oi
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Scotch birth, and of their children Elbert was the youngest.
Elbert Ellis was born in Burke County, North Carolina, in 1795, and grew up on the home farm in Buncombe County. In his youth he moved with his parents to Sullivan County, Tennessee, where he grew to maturity. He followed teaming to Baltimore until he was about 26 years of age, and after his marriage located upon the farm of his wife's mother, which he later bought of the other heirs. This farm, consisting of 360 acres, he devoted to the raising of hay, grain and stock. He was a Whig in politics but, while he spent time and money in politics, never aspired to office. He was later a Republican until the Reconstruc- tion, after which he was a Democrat. He mar- ried Temperance Driskill, a daughter of Rich- ard and Amanda (Young) Driskill, and they became the parents of the following children : Mary, deceased, who was the wife of James Breeden, of Jefferson County. Tennessee, a Union man in his sympathies during the Civil War, who was conscripted into the Confederate Army, captured by Federal soldiers and died in a Northern prison in 1864, before the proof of his Union sympathies reached his captors; William H., deceased; Martha Louisa, widow of William B. Reams, of Tennessee: Elizabeth, widow of Drewry Dawson, of Tennessee; Lu- anda, wife of Alexander Fowler, now living on the old homestead in Tennessee; Patrick Howard, deceased ; Sarah Ann, deceased ; Richard Driskill, of Shawnee township; Cath- erine Jane, wife of J. L. McMillan, of Shawnee township; Dorcas M., widow of Pleasant Poe, of Tennessee; Elbert A., of Shawnee township; Samuel Jefferson ; Moses L.. of Shawnee town- ship; and an infant, deceased. Religiously, Mr. Ellis was a Primitive Baptist and his wife a Missionary Baptist.
Samuel J. Ellis lived on the home farm until June 1, 1863, when he enlisted in Company L,
nth Reg.. Tennessee Vol. Cav., U. S. A., which regiment was later consolidated with the 9th regiment, his company becoming Company M. He continued with his command until the close of the war, being discharged October 12, 1865. He returned home and worked on the farm until April 12, 1869, when he came West to Cherokee County, Kansas, settling on the northwest quarter of the northwest quarter of section 24, township 33. range 25, in Shawnee township. The country was at that time in a wild state, game of all kinds abounded, and there was much outlawry. At that period courts were not so efficient as in the present day, and many of the best men of the commu- nity organized for the purpose of taking the law into their own hands. Mr. Ellis was al- ways opposed to drastic measures and always exerted his influence toward the adoption of better methods. An instance of this is found in his conduct at the time when feeling was very strong against the railroad company. He stood on the floor two hours one evening argu- ing with the infuriated settlers to spare the life of Dr. Oaks, a settler whose influence on behalf of the railroad company had been used to a point where they felt hanging was the only fit punishment. The counsel of Mr. Ellis and one other conservative and eloquent young man prevailed and resulted in the Doctor being pre- sented with a set of resolutions instead of a rope. Our subject remained on his original farm for some 10 years, then sold out to good advantage and purchased his present farm of 98 acres also located in section 24, township 33, range 25. He makes wheat his principal crop, usually having 40 or 50 acres in that cereal, while the remainder is devoted to the raising of corn, oats and hay. He is a practical far- mer and expends his energy in such manner as to bring forth the best results. He was a Dem- ocrat for some time and then became a Populist. He was township assessor two years, and for
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20 years has served as justice of the peace, being the present incumbent. He is a member of the Anti-Horse Thief Association.
Samuel J. Ellis married Kate Chesnutt, a daughter of Thomas Chesnutt, of Tennessee, and they had two children who grew up : Wil- liam R., of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma ; and Robert B., of Joplin, Missouri. Mrs. Ellis died in 1 87 1, aged 25 years, and he married her sis- ter, Sarah J. Chesnutt, by whom he had three children : Samuel J. ; Martha, wife of Charles McCumber, of Joplin, Missouri; and Frank P. His second wife died in 1899, aged 35 years, and in 1901 Mr. Ellis married Hattie Evans, a daughter of Nathaniel H. Evans, of Shawnee township. Religiously, he has always been a Presbyterian. He was a member of the old Land League, which was organized to protect the homes of the settlers from the railroad.
\MUEL HAMBLIN. In the year 1867 Cherokee County gained one of her most substantial and pro- gressive men in the advent of Sam- uel Hamblin, and in 1891 she lost one of her most esteemed citizens in his death. He was born in Pennsylvania December 13, 1821. A farmer all his life, at the time of his death he owned and lived on what is known as the old Harold place, consisting of 160 acres of fine farm land in section 2"j, township 32, range 22, in Sheridan township.
Mr. Hamblin was a son of David Hamblin, a native of Pennsylvania. The father was mar- ried in New Jersey and spent the rest of his life there. Our subject grew to manhood in New Jersey and then thinking that better for- tune awaited him farther West, he went to Fayette County, Indiana, and worked as a mill- hand in the mills of Fayette. Later he mar- ried Lucy A. Rockefeller, of Hunterdon Coun-
ty, New Jersey. She was a daughter of Age- silaus and Pamelia (Young) Rockefeller, both natives of New Jersey. Mrs. Hamblin's father was a carpenter by trade, and later became a farmer. After spending some time in Ohio and Indiana, in the year 1868 he came to Cher- okee County, Kansas, where he took a section of land in Ross township, where Mineral P. O. is now located. He lived on the place until he died, his wife's death having occurred some time before. He was a man well known throughout the county and held in the highest esteem by all who knew him.
The subject of this sketch had 12 children, as follows: Amelia (Mrs. C. L. Albin), of Columbus; Sarah Jane (Mrs. L. W. Crain), of Labette County, Kansas; Margaret (Mrs. G. W. Graver), of Crawford County, Kansas; Mary, who is living at home; Charlie, living in Columbus ; David, living in Crawford Coun- ty, Kansas; William, of Lola township; Clara Belle, who is living at home; Ellen (Mrs. J. C. Stonecipher), deceased; Lola (Mrs. H. H. Todd); Dora Mabel (Mrs. Joseph Todd), whose husband farms the old home place for Mrs. Hamblin; and Bertha (Mrs. Joel Spriggs), of Ross township. After their mar- riage, our subject and his wife lived in Greene and Fayette counties, Indiana, and later moved to Bureau County, Illinois, where Mr. Ham- blin owned a general merchandise store. In 1869 they moved to Cherokee County, Kansas, and settled on 160 acres of land, where they lived for 12 years, making improvements and turning the wild prairie farm into a home. This was traded for 160 acres in Ross township, where the family lived for a while, when it was sold to a coal company. In 1895 they removed to the present home in Sheridan township.
In politics, Mr. Hamblin voted the Demo- cratic ticket; though never holding office, he was interested in politics. Both Mr. and Mr*. Hamblin have always been members of the
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Methodist Episcopal Church, and always used their influence for good, whether in family, church of community. Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Hamblin accompany this sketch.
AMES N. McDONALD, cashier of the Scammon State Bank, and ex-mayor of Scammon, was born in 1859 on his father's farm in Howard County, Missouri, where he grew to manhood. In 1881 he struck out for himself, first entering the office of Keith & Henry, coal operators, now the Central Coal & Coke Company. He stayed with them for nearly 20 years, as assistant in the Rich Hill office for two years, and in charge of the office in Scammon for more than 17 years. Later, he had charge of the Mackie- A I c Donald Lumber Company, of Scammon. In 1901 the Scammon State Bank was organized, and he was appointed to the cashiership, which position he still holds. The present officers of the bank were its organizers; they are David Mackie, Sr., president, A. H. Slanger, vice- president, and James N. McDonald, cashier.
The subject of this sketch entered the matri- monial state in 1885, marrying in that year Jennie Coman, who was born in Bureau County, Illinois, and is a daughter of James and Joanna (O'Mally) Coman. Mr. Coman came to Cherokee County in 1868, being one of the very early settlers, and this county contin- ued to be his home until his death. His wife's father was also an early settler in Kansas. James N. McDonald and his wife have one child, — Mary, born in Scammon.
Mr. McDonald is a son of James Russell McDonald, who was born February 1, 1821, in Howard County, Missouri, and died August 1, 1897, near Rich Hill. His wife was Iantha Hill. She was born in December, 1820, in
Howard county, Missouri, and died there in 1878.
James N. McDonald was one of eight chil- dren, all born in Howard County. One died in infancy and five are still living, as follows : James N. ; Elizabeth; Laura (Mrs. L. N. Dinkle) ; Thomas A., who married Susan Hol- lenback ; and Edward H. , who married Maggie Ewing. The father was a farmer all his life. He was a Democrat in politics, was elected county commissioner at one time, and held various other offices.
Mr. McDonald follows in his father's foot- steps as to political matters, and takes an ac- tive interest in city, county. State and national politics. He moved to Scammon before the town was laid out, and has been the agent of the town company ever since it was organized. He has served four terms as mayor. So use- ful a citizen as Mr. McDonald deserves the re- spect and esteem in which he and his family are held by the entire community.
AMES M. ROBINSON, one of the prominent farmers and large land owners of Cherokee County, who has a farm of 620 acres (the home place), situated in section 26, township 31, range 24, in Cherokee township, was born in 1843 m Gallia County, Ohio, and is a son of John and Ritta (Matthews) Robinson.
Both parents of the subject of this sketch were born in Ohio, and both died in Illinois, the father, at the age of 64 years, and the mother, aged yy years. They reared a family of four sons and four daughters, namely : James M., of this record ; William, who mar- ried Phene Farwell, and resides near Hunts- ville, Illinois; Mary (Mrs. George Roberts), who lives at Augusta, Illinois; Phineas W.,
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who married Tillie Ingalls, and lives near Au- gusta, on the old homestead; Hettie (Mrs. Mitchell Woods), who lives near Huntsville, Illinois; and Emma (Mrs. John Ellis) who also resides near Augusta, Illinois.
James Robinson, grandfather of James M., was born in Virginia, whence he went as an early settler into Ohio. He took part in the War of 1 81 2, and at the battle of New Or- leans contracted a sickness which caused his death, at the age of 35 years. He was survived by three sons and one daughter, of whom some are still living.
John Robinson, our subject's father, came to Kansas and bought some land, but decided to return to Illinois, where his death took place as before recorded.
James M. Robinson was about five years old when his parents located in Illinois. He remained at home until he reached the age of 27 years, assisting on the home farm, which was conducted as a large stock farm. In 1869, attracted by the fertile soil and equable climate of Cherokee County, Kansas, he decided to make a home here. He secured a large tract of land but could not purchase at that time, on ac- count of the trouble between the Land League of the settlers and the railroads, which is a matter of State history. He was given suf- ficient assurance that he would finally be per- mitted to purchase, to induce him to settle on the land and improve it, and at a later date it came into his possession. He has devoted him- self to the business of stock-raising, making a specialty of "White-Face" cattle, Poland-China hogs, horses and mules, and has met with much success.
In 1870, in Illinois, Mr. Robinson married Ellen Andrews, who was born in New York. They have had three children, the two surviv- ors being, — Herbert P., who has one son, — James H. ; and Hartell, who is the wife of Will- iam Kaher.
Although Mr. Robinson is a very busy man. he gives some time to recreation, and has lately returned from a trip of 8,000 miles through California, Arizona, New Mexico, Washing- ton, Oregon and portions of the Southwest. So pleased was he with its beauties and attrac- tions, that he sent his wife and daughter to make the same trip in the summer of 1904. The family is one of social prominence in this sec- tion, and Mr. Robinson is one of the most sub- stantial citizens of Cherokee County.
ILLIAM M. BENHAM, the leading liveryman at Columbus, and a farmer and stock-raiser of Chero- kee County, has been a resident of the county since 1869, and has been established in his present business at Columbus since 1873. He was born in 1844 at Niles, Michigan, and was reared in Indiana, to which State his pa- rents moved, and where both of them died.
Mr. Benham attended the common schools of Indiana, and prior to coming to Cherokee County, in 1869, followed farming in that State. After locating on a claim in Ross town- ship, two miles north of Columbus, he spent about two years in hauling freight between Columbus and Independence. In 1873 he started his livery at Columbus, and has been in the business continuously ever since, being the oldest operator in this line within a radius of 100 miles.
Mr. Benham first located on the northwest corner of the square, and there erected a build- ing in 1876, which he used for 26 years. The site is now occupied by the Benham-Scovel Block, which affords accommodations for stores and offices. Mr. Benham purchased a corner property on Maple street, one block west of the square, on which he erected his present building, which he occupied since August, 1902.
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This is a modern, sanitary building and con- tains quarters for a large number of horses. He uses about 24 in his own business, and keeps on hand conveyances of every kind, and suit- able for every occasion. In addition to this business, he has been interested in a number of successful mining enterprises.
On November 12, 1874, Mr. Benham was married at Columbus to Hattie L. Potter, who came to Cherokee County, locating at Baxter Springs, about 1871, but moved with her pa- rents to Columbus at a later date. They have one son, Mortimer, who is associated with his father in the livery business. Mrs. Benham is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Politically, Mr. Benham is a Democrat, and has always taken a lively interest in the ad- vancement of his party, in which he is highly regarded. Formerly, in his younger days, he was active in a number of fraternal orders, but now confines his interest to the Masonic Blue Lodge, the Knights of Pythias, and various in- surance organizations. He is widely, one might almost say universally, known through this section of Cherokee County. His friends are found on every side.
_ URTIS RANDALL, a prominent KPjgl fanner of Cherokee County, residing on his farm of 160 acres in section 9, township 33, range 23, in Sala- manca township, and a leading and influential member of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, of which there is a flourishing branch in the township, came to the county March 21, 1871. He was born in Chautauqua County, New York, in 1832.
Curtis and Sarah (Bailey) Randall, his pa- rents, left New York when the subject of this sketch was five years of age. They stopped in Erie County, Pennsylvania, for a period of six
years, and then removed to Boone County, Illi- nois, where they spent the rest of their lives. They were respected middle-class farmers, and reared a family of eight children, to whom they left as a legacy a name unstained by any dis- honest act. The children were: Curtis; Oliver B., William, Mary and Martha, deceased; James, a farmer in Fremont County, Iowa; Marvin J., of Antelope County, Nebraska: and John, a farmer of Janesville, Wisconsin.
Curtis Randall passed his young manhood in Illinois, engaged in farming. His opera- tions, although carried on with a fair degree of success, were not such as to satisfy a man of his ambition, and in 1871 he yielded to the in- ducements held out by the "Sunflower State" in the matter of cheap lands, and joined the stream of settlers that had been flowing past him in ever increasing volume, since the close of the war. Southern Kansas had begun to lose its claim to distinction as an exclusively cattle country, and the tide of population was pouring into the southern tier of counties at a rapid rate. After carefully looking over the ground, Mr. Randall entered a claim in Chero- kee County in section 17, township 2i3> range 23, now owned by David Coble, and began the hard labor of reclaiming it from its wild and virgin condition. Three years later, however, he saw fit to sell out, and purchased his present farm of 160 acres from its original owner. It was little better than bare prairie, few improve- ments having been placed upon it, so that its present highly improved condition is due almost entirely to the labors of Mr. Randall and of his family.
Mr. Randall was first married in Illinois, being wedded to Sarah Cecilia Alderman. She was born in 1834 in Connecticut, from which State her parents moved when she was a young girl. She died in 1874, shortly after the fam- ily had settled on their present farm, leaving four children, as follows : Euretta I., who mar-
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ried William Martin, and died in die Indian Territory, about 15 years ago, leaving four children, — Ethel, Bertha, Morris and Allie; Charles, who is conducting a dray line in Co- lumbus; Newton John, of Webb City, Mis- souri ; and Orson Oliver, who lives in Iowa. William Martin is now in the meat business at Webb City, Missouri.
Mr. Randall's present consort was Sallie E. Rhynearson, formerly of Ohio. She has had four children as follows : Cora E., Ida, Ada and Curtis, Jr. Cora E. is the wife of F. H. Haynes, a farmer residing at Sherwin Junc- tion; they have three children, — Lloyd, Artie and Rosie. Ida is the wife of James Davis, a farmer residing near Angola, Labette County, Kansas; they have two children, — Opal, aged four years, and Viola Mabel. Ada died when six years old. Curtis, Jr., is 13 years old. An adopted son, Herman, was taken by Mr. and Mrs. Randall about three years since.
Formerly a Populist, Mr. Randall now acts independently in politics. For a number of years he has been identified with the Reorgan- ized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. In this organization he has acted in the capacity of a priest of the Aaronic priest- hood, and has been influential in collecting a membership of 64 in the local church.
Throughout the county Mr. Randall is known as a man of the strictest probity of char- acter, and he is a citizen whom all esteem most highly.
LISHA C. CRAWFORD, one of the large mine operators of Cherokee County, and a citizen well and favor- ably known in the district about Galena, is also an honored survivor of the Civil War. He was born at Strawberry Plains, near Knoxville, Tennessee, March 18, 1831,
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and is a son of William and Matilda (Church- man) Crawford.
The great-grandparents on both sides of our subject's family came .from the Highlands of Scotland and settled in Culpeper County, Vir- ginia. William Crawford, one of the de- scendants and the father of our subject, re- moved to Tennessee, where he married Matilda Churchman, and in 1838 they removed to Indiana. They had 1 1 children, eight of whom reached maturity, but Elisha C. and three brothers in Iowa are the only survivors.
Although at present Mr. Crawford's busi- ness is far removed from tilling the soil, he was reared on a farm and followed agricultu- ral pursuits for a number of years. When about 23 years of age, he married and shortly afterward moved to Iowa, followed farming there for a time, and then went to Indiana and engaged in the brick business. In July, 1862, he enlisted for service in the Civil War, enter- ing the 70th Regiment, Indiana Vol. Inf.. which had Benjamin Harrison for its colonel for three years. He served all through the Georgia campaign and accompanied General Sherman on the famous "March to the Sea." He was one of the scouts mustered out at Raleigh, North Carolina, and subsequently dis- charged at Indianapolis, Indiana.
Mr. Crawford removed then to Illinois and settled for a few years at Mattoon, and then, in 1875, came to Cherokee County, Kansas. Since 1877 he has devoted himself exclusively to mining interests, at various points, at pres- ent being particularly interested in a zinc mine at Empire City. When Mr. Crawford came here first, he found nothing but a great stretch of timber, his cabin being the only one in the bottoms. He was the first marshal of Empire City and has been a prominent man of Lowell township ever since.
In 1854 Mr. Crawford was married to Mary A. Syler, and they have had five cliil-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
dren, viz. : Lucian A., a conductor on the Mis- souri Pacific Railway ; William M., a machin- ist and mechanic on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway; Ada Lincoln, who was accidentally burned to death, at the age of 22 months; and Minnie, who is the wife of Colonel Woodward, of Cincinnati, Ohio. In politics, Mr. Crawford is a Republican. He is quite a violinist and is the proud possessor of a beautiful Stradivarius violin, which he re- fuses to sell for $500. A portrait of Mr. Craw- ford, executed from a photograph taken in the fall of 1904, accompanies this sketch, being shown on a preceding page.
OHN A. RAWLINGS, owner of the "Long Branch Stock Farm," which is located in Pleasant View township, is one of the early settlers and promi- nent citizens of the county. Since the spring of 1903, he has been a resident of Columbus. He was born in Rush County, Indiana, in 1844, and is a son of the late Coleman and Eliza (Decker) Rawlings.
Coleman Rawlings was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, and died at his home in Pleasant View township, Cherokee County, July 4, 1903, aged 87 years. At the age of 21 years, he accompanied his father, Aaron Raw- lings, to Rush County, Indiana. In 1861 he moved to Champaign County, Illinois, where he followed farming until 1871, when he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and made his home in Pleasant View township for the re- mainder of his life. He was a Democrat in his political views. He belonged to the Methodist Church. His wife died when John A. was in his infancy, and he married again. Of the eight children born to these two marriages, three were sons and five daughters. Rev. James Rawlings, a brother of our subject, was a school
teacher and a local minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He taught school from the age of 16 years; he came to Cherokee County in 1867, and died here in 1899. He is sur- vived by a widow and five children, who reside at Pittsburg, Kansas, and still own the farm in Pleasant View township. He assisted in the building on his farm of a fine church edifice, known as the Rawlings Chapel. A half brother of our subject, A. P. Rawlings, lives in Illinois, having formerly been a resident of this county. A sister of our subject, Sophia Hortense, mar- ried Walter Merrick, but is now deceased ; an- other sister, Isabel, afterward became the wife of Mr. Merrick, and resides in Pleasant View- township. Mrs. Lizzie Hickson (a sister of our subject) and two half sisters live in Illinois.
John A. Rawlings came to Cherokee Coun- ty, May 16, 1866, and located in Pleasant View township, where he took up a "treaty right" of 160 acres. This he developed into a fine farm, adding to it until he now owns 440 acres in one body, which he leases as two farms. He was interested particularly in Shorthorn cattle and high grade Poland-China hogs, but has sold his stock since moving to the city, having conducted a very successful stock farm for many years. From 1896 to 1903, the Pleasant View post office was located on his land. His pres- ent handsome home on Minnesota street, Co- lumbus, he erected prior to removing to the city.
John A. Rawlings was married in Illinois, to Sarah E. Rice, who was born in Wood County, Virginia, now West Virginia, and is a daughter of Sheldon and Elizabeth (Brown) Rice. Mrs. Rawlings comes of old and dis- tinguished ancestry, — from Revolutionary Vir- ginia stock on one side, and from Plymouth Rock derivation on the other. Her grandfather was a soldier in the Revolutionary War who lived to the age of 90 years, dying at his home in Virginia. The mother of Mrs. Rawlings was a descendant of the Carvers, one of the families
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represented on the "Mayflower." Sheldon Rice followed farming and stock-raising in Illinois, where he died January u, 1863. Of his chil- dren, the survivors are, — Mrs. Rawlings; David, a farmer in Illinois ; and Mrs. Martha Lavina Harrison, of Los Angeles, California. A son, Arthur, died May 30, 1903.
Mr. and Mrs. Rawlings have had four chil- dren, all of them born in Cherokee County, namely: Oscar, who died February 23, 1873, aged five years ; Frank, who died January 1 1 , 1889, aged 19 years; and Cora, born in 1871 and Bertha, born in 1874. who are at home. These ladies are very accomplished musicians, and are social favorities. They have taught school, as did their mother, who prior to com- ing to Cherokee County was a teacher for three years in Champaign County, and for one year, in Piatt County, Illinois.
Politically, Mr. Rawlings is a Democrat. Since 1870 he has been a member of the Anti Horse Thief Association, and has served as treasurer of the local organization for 25 years. Mrs. Rawlings is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
IRAM F. RAINS, a retired farmer of Cherokee County, residing in a com- fortable home in Columbus, opposite the Cherokee County High School building, is one of the old settlers, having lo- cated on Cow Creek, in what is now Pleasant View township, May 10, 1866. He was born in Whitley County, Kentucky, June n, 1848, and is a son of Greenbury B. and Elizabeth (Vanoy) Rains.
The parents never came to Cherokee Coun- ty, and the subject of this sketch never returned to the old home, so that he never saw them after leaving with his bride for Kansas, in 1866. One brother, Milton Rains, came to
Cherokee County after his brother had settled here. He remained several years, and at a later date was accidentally killed by being thrown from a horse, and was interred in Pleasant View Cemetery.
Hiram F. Rains was but 18 years of age when he took upon himself some serious re- sponsibilities, among them being his marriage, and his search in a strange locality for a perma- nent home. His discharge of both of these ex- emplified his good judgment, and much of his success in the latter undertaking must be at- tributed to that in the former. He settled on a claim in Cherokee County, afterward spent two years in Bourbon County, and finally made a permanent home in Cherokee County. He has been a very successful man, engaging mainly in farming and in the buying, selling and shipping of stock. Coming here with prac- tically no capital, it must be a matter of much satisfaction to Mr. Rains to recount his posses- sions, all earned in the lines of legitimate busi- ness. When he felt ready to retire from active agricultural operations, in January, 1903, he sold his farm of 360 acres, which was located in four different sections in Pleasant View township. Recently, however, he has purchased another farm, this being located in Salamanca township. Since removing to Columbus, he has served the city as night policeman.
Mr. Rains was married to Nancy M, Skeen, who was born in his native county, and wil- lingly accepted the hardships she knew were awaiting her in the new country which was to be their home. She still survives, and has reared a family of five children, namely : Emily Jane, who married Riley Anderson, and died in 1899 in the Indian Territory, leaving five children; W. B., who is a farmer in Tayne County, Oklahoma, six miles southwest of Still- water; Julia Bell, who is the wife of John Ed- dington, a farmer of Pleasant View township ;
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Mattie F., who married Isaac Williams, and re- sides near Joplin, Missouri; and Hattie May, who resides at home.
The family belong to and liberally contri- bute to the support of the Baptist Church. In politics, Mr. Rains has always been an active Republican, and has frequently served in the township offices, — as school director and road supervisor, — always carefully and faithfully performing a citizen's full duty. He was a charter member of the Cow Creek Minute Men, which body was developed into the Anti-Horse Thief Association. He has long been a mem- ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is connected with Lodge No. 387 at Columbus.
OLOMON D. NEWTON. A thor- oughly representative product of Cherokee County is found in the per- son of Solomon D. Newton, a farmer residing a mile west of Columbus. Mr. New- ton is a member of one of the oldest families in the county, and was brought here in 1866 when he was four years of age. In connection with farming, he is extensively interested in real es- tate, in Benton, Madison and Carroll counties, Arkansas.
Mr. Newton was born in Marion County, Arkansas, in 1862, and is a son of William C. and Mary Ann (Carroll) Newton, both parents having been born and reared near Nashville, Tennessee. After their marriage they moved to a plantation in Marion County, Arkansas, where, at the breaking out of the war, they had accumulated considerable property. Being in an ultra pro-slavery neighborhood, Mr. New- ton soon found it desirable to move up into Illi- nois, where he would be permitted to hold views of neutrality concerning the war. He remained in that State until the fall of 1865, when he
moved into Northern Kansas, and in the spring of 1866 took up a claim on Fly Creek, in Lyon township, Cherokee County. He died in 1892 at the age of 64 years ; his wife at the age of 74 years, still residing on the old homestead. Will- iam C. Newton was a man of the strictest in- tegrity and of firm religious principles, and wielded a powerful influence for good in the early days, when the crude civilization of the time demanded men of the sternest and most unflinching moral probity. To these parents were born seven girls and three boys, as fol- lows: Celia E. (Thornton), of Nevada, Mis- souri; James Jasper, deceased in 1875, at the age of 21 years; Maria, who married Ami Dennis, a farmer living on property adjoining the homestead ; Mrs. Ditha Paralee, a widow residing with her mother ; Miranda Clementine (Mrs. C. E. Marlette) living near the home- stead; Solomon D. ; Mary Frances (Mrs. W. M. Frank), of Lyon township; William B., a farmer of Neosho township ; Lulu, a teacher in the Scammon schools; and Orpha A., wife of Ed McEwen, of Salamanca township.
Solomon D. Newton is a type of the true Westerner, breezy and enterprising, and with many of the qualities of his father shining in his makeup. He received a fair mental training in the schools of the home district, and remained dutifully at home until he was of legal age. He then began farming on his own account, and by untiring industry soon became the possessor of a fine body of land, amounting to about 400 acres. This he continued to improve in vari- ous ways known to the intelligent farmer, until, in March, 1902, he sold the property and pur- chased his present farm of 160 acres, his re- moval to a point so near the city being prompted by his desire for better school facili- ties for his children. Here he carries on di- versified farming, giving particular attention to the handling and feeding of stock. As stated above, Mr. Newton is interested in Arkansas
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real estate, in which he deals in connection with his brother-in-law, Fred Deem.
-The wife of Mr. Newton's youth was Jen- nie Walker, who died in 1896, at the age of 29 years, leaving him with four children, as fol- lows : Lonnie J., born in 1889 ; Frederick Earl, born in 1890; Ethel Pearl, born in 1892; and Floyd, born in 1896. The lady who now pre- sides over his home was prior to her marriage Mattie Deem, who was, for about seven years, one of the popular and successful school teach- ers of the county. She is a daughter of John W. Deem, of Columbus. She is the mother of a baby boy, — Johnnie Carroll.
Mr. Newton has always taken an active in- terest in neighborhood affairs. While in Lyon township, he was one of the trustees, and was always the prime mover in any movement look- ing to the betterment of society. The present efficient rural mail delivery service in the county is to a certain extent the result of his ef- forts, as he was one of the prime movers in securing it. Politically, he favors the Populist party, and is a worthy and active member of the A. H. T. A. He and his family move in the best social circles of the county, throughout which they are held in the highest esteem.
AMUEL CUNNINGHAM. There is something ennobling and elevating in the occupation of farming. It is a sordid temperament, indeed, that can commune with Nature in all her varied moods, and not be influenced to live a pure and virtuous life. It is for this reason that the agricultural class is the salvation of the nation. The close association of men in the larger centers of pop- ulation has a tendency to make them mercenary and selfish, but a life-time on the farm is almost certain to bring out the best traits in a man's character. Cherokee County is no whit behind
the sisterhood of counties in Kansas in the pos- session of a solid and morally correct body of yeomanry, and as one of the best examples of these it is our pleasure to present the brief record of the career of Samuel Cunningham, residing at present on an 80-acre farm in sec- tion 1, township 33, range 23, in Salamanca township.
Carroll County, Ohio, was the birthplace of Mr. Cunningham, and the date of his birth was June 14, 1843. He is of Irish extraction, his parents, Matthew and Sarah (Walkup) Cunningham, having been natives of County Tyrone, Ireland. Some time after their mar- riage, they came to America, stopping for sev- eral years in Philadelphia ; thence they went to Carroll County, Ohio, where they spent the rest of their lives engaged in farming. They reared but three children. Of these, Mary is the wife of Robert Logan, of Shelby County, Ohio, while John is a farmer in his native county.
Samuel Cunningham came to man's estate amid scenes common to life on a farm in his time, securing a fair education in the rather in- different schools of his day. When he became his own master, he learned the trade of black- smith, and followed it for a number of years in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, before coming to Kansas. It was in the spring of 1884 that Mr. Cunningham came to the county. With the in- tention of "trucking" he purchased a 10-acre tract a mile south of Columbus, and pursued that occupation until about five years ago, when he moved to his present location. He had pur- chased this farm some years previously, but had continued to reside on the smaller tract. He is engaged in diversified farming, and with good success.
Mr. Cunningham is a veteran of the Civil War, that fratricidal struggle finding him a boy yet in his teens. He enlisted as a private sol- died in his home county in 1862, going out in Company I, 98th Reg.. Ohio Vol. Int. This
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
regiment became part of the 14th Army Corps, and saw service in the Middle West and in the South. His first action was at the bloody battle of Perryville, his last at Jonesboro, Georgia, al- though he continued with General Sherman in his famous "March to the Sea." His service covered a period of three years. He was mus- tered out at Cleveland, Ohio, June 5, 1865. He received no serious wounds, but the rigorous life of the campaigns left him in an impaired state of health. He returned home with the satisfaction of having done his duty, but glad indeed to "turn his sword into the pruning hook of peace."
Mr. Cunningham has twice entered the mat- rimonial state. The wife of his youth was Charity Leckner, of Malvern, Ohio, the mar- riage taking place in 1868. She died in 1873, leaving two children, — Annie, who married Elmer Unum, and lives in Darke County, Ohio; and Alice, who married John Fishley, and is now deceased. Mr. Cunningham's pres- ent wife was before marriage Catherine Mc- Clure, of Ohio. To her have been born three children, namely: William, a telegraph operator in Texas, who is married; Robert, residing at Gardiner, Johnson County, Kansas; and Mar- garet, who lives at home.
Mr. Cunningham and his family are worthy members of the Presbyterian Church, and in a social way he holds membership in the Grand Army of the Republic, John A. Dix Post, No. 59, of Columbus. Politically, he is a stanch Republican.
F. RITTENHOUSE. Of the many solid and substantial citizens of Cherokee County, few stand higher in the public estimation than the gentleman whose name is here presented. Mr. Rittenhouse is a farmer living on the northwest quarter of section 3, township ^^. range 23,
in Salamanca township. His residence in the county dates from 1886, his former home hav- ing been in St. Clair County, Illinois, where he was born in 1853. The parents of Mr. Ritten- house, John and Sybil (Barker) Rittenhouse, located in St. Clair County "in its infancy," as they were wont to remark ; they were young children in their respective families when the settlements were made. The father was born in Illinois, and died in St. Clair County in Feb- ruary, 1 901, at the advanced age of 90 years. The mother was a native of Maine, and her death occurred at the age of 87 years. They were married in St. Clair County, and passed their lives in farming. John Rittenhouse was a man of many sterling qualities, and during his long life was a power for good in the communi- ties in which he lived. In political affiliation he was first a Whig, and later a Republican. It was always a source of satisfaction to him, that he helped to elect the Immortal Lincoln to the presidency. He was also proud of the fact of having voted for both the Harrisons.
The family born to these parents consisted of six sons and two daughters, of whom three of the former and two daughters are still living, all in Illinois, save the subject of this sketch.
O. F. Rittenhouse was the youngest of this family. He was reared to farm life and had a good common school education. He has always followed the occupation of an agricult- urist, and success has attended him. The first marriage of Mr. Rittenhouse took place in St. Clair County, Illinois. His wife, whose maiden name was Julia Higgins,died in Illinois, leaving Mr. Rittenhouse with a daughter, Estella. This daughter now resides in Columbus, and is the wife of C. H. Briggs, a business man of that city; they have three children, — Bessie, Roscoe and Mabel. Mr. Rittenhouse was joined to his present wife after he came to Kansas. She was reared in the same neighbor- hood in Illinois as her husband, her maiden
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name having been Rachel H. Kraft, and came to Cherokee County in May, 1 886. To her have been born three children, — Reuben R. and Lucy, both still at home, and one that died in infancy.
The success of Mr. Rittenhouse may be attributed to his untiring industry, a penchant for keeping "everlastingly at it," and to a keen grasp of the financial end of the farming in- dustry. He cares nothing for political prefer- ment, but is a stanch Republican, when he drops his ballot in the box on election day. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church. In the fraternities, he holds membership in the Odd Fellows and Modern Woodmen of America.
ESSE BUZARD, one of the excellent farmers and well known citizens of Ross township, who owns a finely im- proved farm of 210 acres in sections 35 and 36, township 32, range 23, was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, September 15, 1833, and is a son of Daniel and Susanna (Ran- dies) Buzard.
The parents of Mr. Buzard belonged to old agricultural families of Fayette County. They moved from there to Guernsey County, Ohio, where Daniel Buzard followed farming some 30 years. He then moved with his family still farther West, locating in McLean County, Illi- nois, and later in Cherokee County, Kansas. Here he bought a farm in section 32, township 31, range 2^, in Ross township, on which he died in March, 1904, at the age of 93 years. His wife passed away in 1884. They had nine children, as follows : Margaret, deceased ; Jesse; Sarah, wife of Thomas Haynes, of Ross township; Elizabeth, wife of John Arbuckle, of Ross township ; John, a farmer of Ross town- ship; Ann, wife of Daniel Stucky, of Harper County, Kansas; Holts, of McLean County,
Illinois ; Susan, wife of William McGowan, of Salamanca township; and Samuel, of Craw- ford County, Kansas. The parents of these children were worthy members of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church. Politically, Daniel Buzard was a Democrat.
The subject of this sketch remained with his father until he was 23 years of age. His mental training was obtained in the schools of the localities where the family lived, and he grew to young manhood, well equipped both mentally and physically for the burdens of life. He remained in Guernsey County, Ohio, for some years after his marriage, following farming, accompanied his father to McLean County, Illinois, and in 1877 came to Cherokee County. Here he secured 160 acres of land in Ross township, on which some breaking had been done, but no improvements had been made. To this he subsequently added land, until he now owns 210 acres. This land he now rents, and is thus relieved from the active duties of farming. It has proved a valuable property, producing satisfactory crops of wheat, oats, corn and flax, and some excellent cattle, horses, mules and hogs. He has made many substan- tial improvements here, and has carried on his operations with modern machinery, and by modern methods of agriculture.
In 1856 Mr. Buzard married Rachel Le Page, who was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, and died in May, 1894, being the mother of the following named children : Elizabeth, wife of William Beebe, of Oklahoma ; Catherine, de- ceased, who was the wife of Peter Yordy ; Mary, wife of Samuel Baker, who operates the Buzard farm ; John, deceased ; William, of Crawford township; Susan, wife of Danial McCune, of Lyon township ; Ellen, wife of Emanuel Sweet, a miner at Mineral ; Thomas, a farmer of Sheridan township; and an infant, deceased.
Mr. Buzard has always voted the Demo-
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
cratic ticket, and has filled some of the local offices. He takes an interest in local matters, and his judgment is considered of value in connection with public improvements, and other movements in the township. As one of the old settlers, he has watched the wonderful develop- ment of this section of Kansas, and at all times has done his share in making Ross township an important portion of Cherokee County. His children have been reared in the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which their mother was a consistent member.
ILLIAM R. NASH, a prosperous farmer and stock-raiser of Neosho township, owning 160 acres situ- ated in sections 15 and 16, town- ship 34, range 22, belongs to that class of citi- zens who have done much to improve and de- velop this portion of Kansas. He was born September 15, 1852, and is a son of Judah and Helen M. (Smith) Nash, residents, at that time, of Licking County, Ohio.
The Nash family is of English extraction, and was founded in America in colonial days. It is one which has always been noted for its loyalty, and has numerous prominent repre- sentatives all over the country.
When the subject of this sketch was about two years of age, his father bought a farm in Delaware County, Ohio, which he operated six years. Judah Nash was a native of New York, and moved to Ashtabula, Ohio, with his pa- rents, when young. When the Civil War broke out, he was a resident of Champaign County, Ohio, and in the fall of 1861 he enlisted in Company E, 95th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and served until the spring of 1862, when he was struck by a piece of shell and also shot through the wrist with an ounce ball, which injured him so severely that he was in the hospital for a long period. He lost the use of his arm, but
believed he would recover, and so refused his proffered discharge until 1864. He was a loyal soldier and became an honored member of the Grand Army of the Republic. Politi- cally, he was a Republican. He understood the trade of gunsmith, which he followed in Ohio. Later, he became a farmer, and settled on a farm in Crawford County, Illinois, in the fall of 1870. In 1876 he came to Cherokee County, Kansas, and died at Baxter Springs, August 17, 1885, aged 54 years. Prior to his death, he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church.
The mother of Wrilliam R. Nash was born in Licking County, Ohio, and now resides at Baxter Springs, in her 70th year. The six children of the family were : William R. ; Al- bert R., of Neosho township; Helen Gould, of Oregon; Charles F., of Baxter Springs; Dora, residing with her mother, in Baxter Springs; and Frances, of the same place.
The subject of this sketch accompanied his parents to Crawford County, Illinois, in 1871, but later spent a year in Ohio. After staying one year in Illinois, he returned to his native State where he remained until 1879. Since then he has been a resident of Cherokee County, and at one time owned three farms near Baxter Springs. He has resided on his present farm since 1895. He is largely interested in the breeding of good cattle and stock, raising an- nually 40 head of cattle, 20 head of horses and mules and 100 head of hogs. He is a large dealer also in hay, having a hay press which, handles about 1,200 tons annually.
In 1875, Mr. Nash was married to Char- lotta Jane Miller, who was born in Illinois, January 17, 1855, and is a daughter of John and Sarah Miller. A family of nine children resulted from this union, namely : Frederick ; Airs. Edith Tiney, of Oklahoma; Mrs. Minnie North, of Neosho township; Charles; William Albert ; Arthur ; Edward ; Everett and Ida.
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ALEXANDER CALDWELL, one of the leading business men of Galena, where he is engaged in a livery busi- ness, is also one of the best known stock-raisers of Cherokee County. Mr. Cald- well was born January 9, 1853, and ls a son °f Robert and Lucy (Wallace) Caldwell.
Robert Caldwell, father of our subject, was born at Belfast, Ireland, and came to Canada prior to his marriage. In 1850 he removed to the United States, settling at Ogdensburg, New York, where our subject was born, three years later. Robert Caldwell was a scholar and for a number of years followed the profession of teacher. He was the first teacher employed in Winchester township, County Dundas, Can- ada. After his removal to Ogdensburg, he en- gaged in merchandising. He married in Can- ada and became the father of nine children, of whom four sons are the only survivors, viz : James, who is a farmer in Arenac County, Michigan ; Robert, who has been a member of the Dominion of Canada Parliament for the past 30 years ; L. Alexander ; and George, who is a resident of Detroit, Michigan.
L. Alexander Caldwell received a good, common-school education in the public schools of Ogdensburg, completing his schooling when 19 years of age. He served an apprenticeship to the carriage-maker's trade, worked a short time as a journeyman and then located at Sag- inaw, Michigan, where he conducted a large establishment, from 1881 to 1885, employing 22 men. In the latter year he moved to Stand- ish, Arenac County, Michigan, where he en- gaged in a lumber business until 1895, and then went to the South, where he lived from 1896 to 1900, engaged in a tea and coffee business at Newport News, Virginia.
In June, 1900, Mr. Caldwell came to Ga- lena, Kansas, where he embarked in a livery business and became interested in stock-raising. The latter enterprise is conducted with a part-
ner and they make a specialty of raising stand- ard horses only from registered stock. They own some very valuable animals, with unques- tionable pedigrees, and among these may be mentioned: "Elnora C." by "Shadeland On- ward," record 2:1834 ; dam by "Rushville" by "Blue Bull" (75). Her first offspring was "Enora's Pride," a gray filly by "Pridewood," record 2:1454, he by "Manager," record 2 :o6}4. She is a very promising filly and now can trot a 2 :20 gait, as a two-year old. Her second foal, "Doctor Knox," — also owned by our subject, — is by "Anteross," he by the great "Electioneer." The mare "Enora C." is now in foal by "Heirloom," record 2:11^, dam "Hope So" by "Blue Bull" (75), he by "Strathmore." The progeny of "Enora C." up to 1904 have earned an aggregate of $92,000 in stakes and engagements. This animal is con- sidered by competent judges to be the best bit of horseflesh ever brought into Cherokee County. She is handled by an experienced and skilled horseman in addition to the care given by Mr. Caldwell, whose experience enables him to guard his valuable property well. The sani- tary conditions and modern improvements in- troduced into his livery barn, which is located on the corner of Fifth and Short streets, make the best kind of a home for his large number of horses. His business is a large one and he is prepared, with animals and vehicles of every description, to meet all demands.
At Saginaw, Michigan, Mr. Caldwell mar- ried Emma Daughartv, who was born at Belle- ville, Ontario, and they have one daughter, Lil- lian, who is one of the accomplished musicians of Cherokee County, and teaches all kinds of instrumental music. She graduated from the public schools of Saginaw, Michigan, and i^ .1 graduate in music from Professor Markshaus- en's conservatory, at Saginaw. She has taken a prominent place in the social ami musical cir- cles at Galena. In addition to her great musical
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
gifts, Miss Caldwell has been endowed with wonderful artistic talent, and many valuable works of her brush are to be seen in her own and other homes. She is the center of the beau- tiful home which is located at No. 816 Short street.
Mr. Caldwell is one of the popular citizens of Galena and deservedly so, for he has shown public spirit and civic pride ever since locating here. He has accepted no public office, but while living in Michigan, for a period of 10 years, he served during six of these as sheriff of Arenac County, being elected to the office by the Democratic party.
ACOB BUERGIN, a well known farmer of Ross township, residing on his farm in section 26, township 32, range 23, was born in August, 1866, in Woodford County, Illinois, and is a son of Frederick and Gertrude Buergin, both natives of Germany.
Thinking that in America there might be opportunities awaiting a young man, that would never come to him in the "Fatherland," Frede- rick Buergin came to this country and located in Woodford County, Illinois. There a farm was bought and he became an American farmer and merchant, for he also owned a general store, and attended to it along with his farming. When the son, Jacob, was five years of age, the family moved to Cherokee County, Kansas. This section of the State was at that time a boundless prairie with dwellings widely scattered here and there, and no fences to speak of. Very little of the land was then under cultivation, as the farmers were learn- ing, by experimenting, how to bring the best results from the new prairie. On this wild and unbroken prairie in Ross township a farm
of 160 acres was bought, a substantial and com- fortable farm house and out-buildings were put up, and the family enjoyed a more comfortable home than many who became settlers at that time. Here they lived, and Frederick Buergin continued his farming until the day of his death, which occurred in 1897; his wife passed away six years later, in 1903. They were mem- bers of the German Lutheran Church, and were highly esteemed in the county. There were but two children in the family: Kate, wife of Frederick Hiller, of Ross township ; and Jacob, who is the subject of this review.
Jacob Buergin has always resided at home. His mental training was obtained in the local schools of Ross township, and his life has been one of peace and contentment. He has always been faithful in the performance of his duties, which, although they may have been lowly and humble, are yet the necessary part of a well- ordered farm life. In 1893 he was united in marriage to Carrie Naffziger, of Ross town- ship, a daughter of John Naffziger. They have four children, — Gertrude, Esther, Fred and Ruth.
The subject of this sketch is what might be termed a rock-ribbed Jacksonian Democrat. He takes a keen interest in the success of his party, but has never aspired to nor held office. His time has always been taken up with the multi- farious duties on the farm. He owns 80 acres of the old home place, near Columbus, where he now resides amid the friends of his youth. and where he will in all probability pass the remainder of his days, as he is not of a roving disposition. The excellent character which he sustains in Cherokee County is one which may well be emulated by any young man who is starting in life. Steady, persistent industry, coupled with upright dealing and a courteous bearing toward all men, will always bring their reward in the end.
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LBERT A. ELLIS,* residing on the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter and the northwest quarter of the southeast quarter of section 15, township 33, range 25, in Shawnee township, is a prosperous farmer and a man of recognized business ability. He comes of a prominent family, which has been established in this coun- try since the Revolutionary period and is of English extraction.
Mr. Ellis is descended from Isaac Ellis, who was born in England and came to this country prior to the Revolutionary War, in which he served, and located in North Caro- lina. His son, Samuel Ellis, the grandfather of our subject, participated in the American Revolution as well as in the War of 181 2. He was wounded at the battle of Cowpens, South Carolina, and carried an English bullet in his shoulder the remainder of his life. He re- moved to Tennessee, thence to Kentucky. Illi- nois and finally to California, where he died in 1849, aged 84 years. He married Mary How- ard, a native of Scotland.
Elbert Ellis, father of our subject and youngest son of Samuel and Mary (Howard) Ellis, was born in Burke County, North Caro- lina, in 1795, and spent the most of his boy- hood years on the home farm in Buncombe County. He lived there until 12 years old, then removed with his parents to Jonesboro, Wash- ington County, Tennessee, where he grew to manhood. He was married in Cocke County, Tennessee, in 1827, to Temperance Driskill, who was born in that county in 1805 and was a daughter of Richard and Amanda (Young) Driskill. Mr. Driskill being dead, Mr. Ellis took the management of the estate of 360 acres, residing with his wife's mother. Upon the lat- ter's death, he purchased the interests of his co- heirs, and thereafter followed farming and Politicallv, he was a Whig. He
stock-raising.
and his wife became parents of 14 children, as follows: Mary, deceased in 1887, who was the widow of James Breeden, a Confederate sol- dier who died in a Federal prison in 1864, — he was a Unionist at heart but was conscripted into the Confederate Army, was captured by the Union soldiers and died the day before the proof of his Northern sympathies reached his captors; William H., who died in Butler, Mis- souri ; Martha Louisa, residing in Tennessee, who is the widow of William B. Reams, who was killed by a Confederate in December, 1863 ; Elizabeth, widow of Drewry Dawson, now liv- ing in Cocke County, Tennessee; Lucinda. the wife of Alexander Fowler, of Cocke County, Tennessee; Patrick Howard, deceased; Sarah Ann, who died at the age of 14 years; Richard Driskill, of Shawnee township, Cherokee County; Catherine Jane, who married Isaac Fowler, deceased in 1871, and later married J. L. McMillan of Shawnee township, Cherokee County; Dorcas M., whose first husband, Will- iam Kelley, was a Confederate and was killed at Vicksburg, subsequently married Pleasant Poe, a Union soldier now deceased, and lives in Jefferson County, Tennessee; Elbert A., whose name heads this record; Samuel Jefferson, a record of whose life appears elsewhere in this work ; Moses L. of Shawnee township, Cher- okee County ; and one who died in infancy. Mr. Ellis was a Primitive Baptist, and Mrs. Ellis a Missionary Baptist. She died in Shawnee township in January, 1888, aged 83 years.
Elbert A. Ellis was born in Cocke County. Tennessee, November 26, 1840, and was reared at home. He received such education as the public schools afforded, but through his own research and reading has provided himself with a liberal education. He knew President An- drew Johnson very well, as that gentleman was an intimate friend of his father. On June 22, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, 8th Reg..
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
Tennessee Vol. Inf., at Camp Nelson, Ken- tucky, and spent eight months in service in Eastern Kentucky, then went to Tennessee under Burnsides. He served in the 23d Army Corps under Scofield, and continued with his regiment until July 7, 1864, when near Atlanta he was wounded by the concussion of a shell. He was obliged to remain in the hospital for three months ; upon reentering the service he was placed in the nth Regiment, Tennessee Vol. Cav., being made 2d lieutenant of Com- pany G, but before he saw much service was taken captive by Breckenridge's command and held until the war was over, being released under parole on February 22, 1865. On June 8, 1864, Mr. Ellis was wounded by a spent ball at Burnt Hickory, and on the 14th of the pre- ceding month was wounded by a piece of tim- ber cut from a tree by a cannon ball. All told, he participated in 33 engagements, in which ar- tillery was used. He returned home at the close of the war and continued there until 1882, when he came West to Cherokee County, locating in Shawnee township. Here he rented different farms which he cultivated and in 1893 pur- chased his present farm in section 15. He is engaged in the pursuits of general farming, and his principal crops are wheat, oats and corn. He stands well in the community and is a good, substantial business man.
On June 22, 1865, Mr. Ellis was united in marriage with Darthulia Smith, a daughter of David Smith, of Cocke County, Tennessee, and they have five children, as follows : Elizabeth, wife of C. M. Hudson of Texas; Julia, de- ceased, who was the wife of John F. Kiser; Samuel J., of Shawnee township, Cherokee County; James, deceased at the age of 19; and Sarah Jane, wife of Edward Smith of Empire City. Cherokee County. Mrs. Ellis died in 1878, aged 34 years, and in 1880 he formed a second union with Tennessee Harrison, by
whom they had a son, Herman. His second wife died in 1883, and he formed a third union with Frances Lenora Easterly, a daughter of Philip Easterly of Cocke County, Tennessee, and they have five children : Otia Bell ; Philip Alexander; Montie T. ; Edna M. ; and Ura B. Mrs. Ellis belongs to the Lutheran Church. Mr. Ellis is a Republican in politics, and in Ten- nessee served as deputy sheriff and as justice of the peace. He was a member of the Masonic lodge at Knoxville, Tennessee ; he is a member of Crestline Lodge, No. 476, I. O. O. F., has passed through all the chairs and is now deputy grand. He belongs to the Rebekahs, was a member of the G. A. R. post at Crestline until it disbanded and is a member of the Sons and Daughters of Justice.
ENJAMIN L. MURPHY,* one of the prosperous business men of Weir City, engaged in the manufacture of ice, was born in 1869 in Perry County, Illinois, and is a son of James B. and Martha (Moore) Murphy.
The late James B. Murphy was a well known citizen and substantial farmer of Chero- kee County, in which he settled in 1884. He was a native of Illinois, where he grew up to be a successful agriculturist and continued farming operations after coming to Kansas. His death occurred in 1889 at the age of 68 years. He was a strong Democrat and some- thing of a political leader. His educational and oratorical talents caused him to be much in demand as a campaign speaker and he was well known over various sections of the State. He married Martha Moore, who was born in Tennessee and still resides at Cherokee, Craw- ford County, Kansas, at the age of 72 years. Thev had 12 children, the survivors being:
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Maggie, who married Edward Crowley, and has four children, — Vinnie, Edna, Ruby and Agnes; Joseph S., who married Blanche Ke- nair, and has four children, — Rosa, Ralph, Lloyd and Ray; Benjamin L., of this sketch; and Samuel, who married Maggie Durshane, and has two children, — Minnie and Douglas.
Benjamin L. Murphy accompanied his par- ents when they came from Illinois to Kansas, in 1884, and he followed farming in Cherokee County until 1892. Then, in partnership with his brother-in-law, Edward Crowley, he en- tered into the ice business, under the firm name of Crowley & Murphy, at Weir City, Kansas. The business until 1901 was the buying and selling of ice, but at this time their territory had extended and their patronage grown to such extent and volume that they felt justified in forming what is now the Scranton-Murphy Ice Company, the officers being : L. G. Scran- ton, W. L. Weir, Edward Crowley and Benja- min L. Murphy. They erected an artificial ice plant, 84 feet long, 44 feet wide and 17 feet high, with cold storage capacity of 15 tons every 24 hours. This enterprise met with suc- cess from the very first, the plant being the pioneer in this line in this section.
In 1890, Mr. Murphy married Nannie North, who was born in Cherokee County, Kansas, and is a daughter of William North, who was a soldier of the Civil War, a member of the Federal Army. William North came to Cherokee County in 1871 among the early settlers, and followed farming until his death, at Weir City. He married Lucretia Longer, who still survives, aged 64 ; her mother is still living, at the age of 84 years. Mr. and Mrs. Murphy have two children : Clarence and Lena, both born at Weir City.
Mr. Murphy stands high in the business world of Weir City and is connected with one of the most prosperous business concerns of this section.
1854-
LEXANDER WALKER,* one of the most popular and best known men in Cherokee County, was born in Wash- ington County, Illinois, May 12, He is an extensive farmer and land owner, his present holdings aggregating 340 acres, about 160 of which comprise the home farm in section 24, township 32, range 21, in Sheridan township.
Nicholas Walker, his father, was a native of Johnson Count}-, Illinois, and was a son of William Walker, of the same State. Nicholas Walker's wife, whose maiden name was Mar- garet Rule, was a native of Tennessee, having been born near Marshall. Nicholas Walker grew to manhood in Washington County, and followed the occupations of farming and stock- raising, and by his success proved himself to be a born farmer. In later years he became pos- sessed of considerable property, among his ac- quisitions being an extensive farm and a large stone quarry. In 1866 he came to Kansas, lo- cating on 160 acres of land in Sheridan town- ship, Cherokee County, and one year later moved his family to the new home in the West. The country was wild, unbroken prairie and bottom land, but a log cabin and stables were built, and the family proceeded to make the place habitable. From time to time more land was added to the original purchase, until he became possessed of 810 acres in Cherokee and Labette counties. Many improvements were made and all but 160 acres was sold before his death, which ocurred in Labette County, .April 12, 1888; his wife survived him some five years, dying in February, 1893. He voted the Re- publican ticket but took no active interest in politics, although always interested in anything pertaining to the welfare of his township or county. The family numbered 14 children, six of whom grew to maturity, as follows : Dempsy R., a farmer of Labette County, Kansas; Alex- ander; Martha, wife of Matt. Xissley, both of
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
whom died of fever in 1877; Kate, deceased; Margaret, wife of Aaron Greenfield, of Mc- Cune, Kansas; and Nicholas, who lives at Sherman City, Kansas.
Alexander Walker received his education in the schools at Sherman City. The first 29 years of his life were spent with his father on the farm. During youth and early manhood he worked on the farm and dealt in stock to some extent.
In February, 1881, Mr. Walker married Estella Montagne, of Washington County, Illinois, a daughter of Captain Montagne, who died shortly after the Civil War. Of the seven children born to this union, three are living, as follows : Fred, a farmer who is married and lives in Sheridan township; Annie, who died at the age of three years ; Wayne, who died at the age of 14 months; Bertha and Harry.
In 1 88 1, Mr. Walker bought 160 acres of wild land, only 27 acres of which were broken, the only building on the place being an old log cabin. Ten years were spent making improve- ments on this place, which he then sold and pur- chased the 160 acres where he now lives and a 40-acre tract in Labette County. All of the land is improved and under cultivation. Of another 160-acre tract owned by our subject, 1 10 acres are in pasture and low land. Mr. Walker manages his land himself, and each year raises many bushels of wheat, corn and oats, besides raising large quantities of hay, having 60 acres devoted to meadow. Besides general farming, he is interested in the shipping of stock, of which he buys large numbers, be- sides raising graded stock. The shipping point for all the stock and products of this farm is Sherman City. Having inherited the instincts of the true farmer, and having become pos- sessed of the real knowledge of farm manage- ment in his earlier training, our subject has all the qualities of the successful farmer of to-day.
His close attention to business, his upright
dealings and his exemplary life in the com- munity have won him more than ordinary re- gard. He has made true friends and many of them, and he is held in the highest esteem by all whom he meets. He is a Republican and a member of the A. H. T. A.
OHN R. BURROWS,* a representa- tive farmer of Lola township and prominent in the affairs of his neigh- borhood, is a son of one of Cherokee County's Civil War veterans, George R. Bur- rows, who has also been a leading spirit among the agricultural class of the county for some 35 years. They came to the county from Ohio, where John R. Burrows was born in Washington County, November 6, 1862. He now resides in section 22, township — , range — , in Lola township.
George R. Burrows was born in Ohio in 1841, and is a son of John Burrows, who died in Ohio at the age of 80. He was reared to farm life and has never known other occupa- tions, except during the period he was defend- ing "Old Glory" from the attacks of traitorous hands. He had not yet reached his majority when in 1861 he went forth "to do and to dare" in a cause which he felt then and knows now was a righteous one. Enlisting under the first call for three months, he again put down his name, this time "for the war." In the Army of the Potomac he found plenty to do, — why repeat the story — from the first battle of Bull Run to Appomattox, and then sweeping up beautiful Pennsylvania avenue in the beau- tiful capital of a saved country in the Grand Review that will live in history as long as the triumphal marches of a Xerxes or an Alexan- der. If he ever forgets those memorable years, he needs only to glance at the maimed hand minus its full complement of fingers to bring
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back the days when the "Johnnie Rebs" were abroad in the land.
After the war, Mr. Burrows took up the battle of life in the State of his birth, but after several years yielded to the allurements of the "Sunflower State" and in 1869 came to Chero- kee County. Here he has since resided, loved and respected by all. In political action he favors the Republicans and is a worthy member of the Christian Church. Before he went to the war, Mr. Burrows married Mary Biniger, a native of West Virginia, who died in Chero- kee County 10 years after coming out, leaving a family of five children. Of these, John R. is the eldest ; Sylvester G. is a farmer in Lola township; Mrs. Eva Stover lives in Joplin, Missouri, while her twin sister, Mrs. Iva Van Fliet, lives in Chitwood, Missouri; the youngest is Mrs. Thula Bean, of Galena, Kansas.
John R. Burrows, the eldest of the above family, was but a child when they drove over the wild prairies of the county which was to be his future home, but he remembers vividly the scene as it presented itself in such strange contrast to "Buckeye" farms at home. Having passed his subsequent years here, Mr. Burrows is really a product of the county as much as if he was "to the manor born." He received a good common-school education and on reach- ing manhood took up the occupation which his ancestry has honored from time immemorial. His fine farm shows the master hand of the agriculturist in its generally thrifty ap- pearance. Mr. Burrows has always entered with great zest into the social and religious life of the neighborhood. He is one of the pillars in the Christian Church at Faulkner, having served as deacon for a number of years. The comfortable church building at Faulkner re- ceived strong support from him at the time of its building, and he still continues to make it the object of his munificence. He is active in
the A. H. T. A., and is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and the I. O. O. F.
Mrs. Burrows, the estimable wife of our subject, was Jessie Brown prior to her mar- ' riage, and she is a native of the county. The wife of Mr. Burrows' youth was Mary I. Crosby, a native of Illinois, who died at the age of 38 years, leaving a family of four children : Effie, Maude, Belle, and Harry. Mr. and Mrs. Burrows are most highly esteemed by all their friends and neighbors throughout the county.
OTHAM LOWELL HAMLET,* one of the pioneer settlers of Kansas, where he first located in 1853, is a resident of Shawnee township, Cher- okee County, where he owns the southeast quar- ter of section 20 and the east half of the north- east quarter of section 29, township 33, range 25. He was born in Bedford County, Virginia, March 8, 1833, and is a son of Theodore and Susan (Williams) Hamlet.
The Hamlet family was established in this country by John Hamlet, who came from Den- mark and located in Virginia. He was the father of John Hamlet, grandfather of our subject, who was born in Virginia where he followed farming for some years. His brother Thaddeus entered a claim for a whole town- ship in Maine, about 15 miles south of Moose- head Lake, when that State was cut off from Massachusetts, paying therefor three cents an acre. This property John Hamlet inherited from his brother and removed to Maine, where he engaged in lumbering in addition to farm- ing. He served as postmaster of South Solon for many years, also as selectman. His wife was a Hunnewell.
Theodore Hamlet, our subject's father, was born in Norfolk, Virginia, and was about three
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
years of age when he accompanied his father to Solon, Maine, where he was reared. He en- gaged in the lumbering business until his death in 1864, and for some years owned mills for the manufacture of his lumber, but this did not prove a successful venture. He married Susan Williams, a native of Virginia, by whom he had three children: Aura (Mrs. John Walker) of Maine, deceased; Jotham L. ; and Susan Jane (Mrs. James Rowell) of Maine, deceased. Both parents were members of the Congregational Church.
Jotham L. Hamlet was reared in the State of Maine and worked with his father in the lumber business, driving a four-horse team between Solon and the lumber camp. As the trip could be made between Saturday and Mon- day, it gave him opportunity to attend school, and he received a superior education. He con- tinued at this work until he came of age, and in 1853 came West to Manhattan, Kansas, which town he helped to lay out. The following spring he took up a claim and planted some corn, breaking 20 acres. While there he cast his first vote at the first election held in the State of Kansas for the notorious Lecompton Legislature. Before his crop matured, he grew homesick and went East to the little town of Parkville, near the present city of Kansas City. There he remained until 1881 and en- gaged in farming, then removed to Shawnee township, Cherokee County, and purchased his present farm. For six terms he taught at the Brighton school house in Pettis County, Missouri. He followed farming with a great deal of success and at the present time is liv- ing in practical retirement, the farm being in charge of two of his sons. At the time of the Civil War he lived eight miles above Kansas City, which was the scene of forage raids by both Northern and Southern troops. O. H. P. Morse secured permission from the United States government to organize a regiment of
Home Guards for Missouri, which our sub- ject promptly joined. It was made up chiefly of Southern sympathizers and they would not allow a bushwhacker to come nearer than the river. It was called the "Paw Paw Regiment," and was made up of Platte and Clay County men. They were finally disbanded by the gov- ernment because of a clash with Federal troops.
On January 12, 1856, Mr. Hamlet was united in marriage with Emily Williams, a daughter of William and Olive (Shelton) Will- iams, and they are parents of four children, as follows : William L. ; Cora, who married Ed- ward Prather of Kansas City, and has six chil- dren,— Arthur, Herbert, Lowell, Emma Lou, Estella and William; Henry Clay, who lives at home ; and Edward Willis, of Shawnee town- ship, who has three children, — Harry, Cora and William T.
William L. Hamlet, oldest son of our sub- ject and his wife, was born in Worth County, Missouri, August 15, 1858, and was reared on the home farm in Platte County until grown. He attended Park College at Parkville,. Missouri, and always farmed until he come to Crestline, Cherokee County, in 1884, when he entered the hardware establishment of Henry Wiggins, which he purchased in 1895. It is the only business of the kind for some distance and commands an extensive patronage. He is a Democrat in politics. He is a member of Crestline Lodge, No. 476, I. O. O. F. ; and Shawnee Camp, No. 7,800, M. W. A., of which he has been clerk since its organization. In February, 1885, he was united in marriage with Emma Jones, a daughter of R. M. Jones of Crestline, and they have five children : Robert L., Charles C, Don, and Dean J. and Jean J. (twins). Religiously, they are members of the Christian Church.
Religiously, our subject and his wife are members of the Christian Church. In 1855, Mr. Hamlet helped organize the first Masonic
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625
lodge in Kansas, at Wyandotte, all of the mem- bers being Indians. He had been made a mem- ber that year at Parkville, and is at the present time a member of the lodge at Galena. Politi- cally, he has always been a Democrat, as were his father and grandfather before him.
<m
PETER KLINE,* one of the success- ful farmers and representative citizens of Cherokee County, who owns the south half of section 13, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township, was born May 18, 1849, >n Frederick County, Maryland, and is a son of David and Charlotte (Warren- feltz) Kline.
Jacob Kline, the grandfather, was born in Germany and established the family in Mary- land. Our subject's parents lived in Frederick County the whole of their lives, the father sur- viving to the unusual age of 98 years. They had a family of 12 children, namely : Zephaniah, Hezekiah, Joshua, Silas, Daniel, Rosa, John, Julia, S. Peter, Sarah, Mary, and Clara. Of these, 10 still survive and one brother, Joshua, is a resident of Scammon, Kansas.
Our subject spent his boyhood and early youth in his native place, where he attended school. When 20 years of age, he left home to look out for himself, the family being so large that the home farm could not offer any chance for the sons to secure any capital of their own. He went to Miami County, Indiana, and there worked one year with his brother Hezekiah in getting out shingles, and then hired out to a farmer for a season. An attack of ague sent him home to recuperate, but in the following spring he went into the lumber regions :n the Alleghany mountains and in the following spring returned to Indiana, locating in Warren County. There he worked two seasons on a
farm and remained in Indiana until 1876. Fol- lowing an enjoyable visit at the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, he went to Mary- land to visit his parents, but in November again left home, and spent the winter of 1876-77 chopping wood in Ogle County, Illinois, return- ing then to a former employer in Indiana, where he remained until coming to Cherokee County, in 1880. He purchased, first, the southeast quarter of section 9, township 33, range 24, in Crawford township, but one year later re- moved to his present farm, selling the former one to his brother John, who still owns it. In the comparatively short time which has passed since Mr. Kline located on his present farm, wonderful changes have been brought about. The little log cabin he found on the property has given place to a handsome residence, with all the commodious buildings which denote the prosperous condition of a Kansas farmer, and Mr. Kline may be justified in taking pride in his beautiful shade trees and bearing orchards, for his hand sowed the seeds and nurtured their growth.
In August, 1881, Mr. Kline married, in Cherokee County, Ethel Truxel, who was born in 1 86 1, in Westmoreland County, Pennsyl- vania, and is a daughter of Eli and Hannah Truxel, both now deceased, who came to Kan- sas in 1867 and located in Shawnee township. Mrs. Kline's two brothers are : Benjamin, a farmer in Crawford township; and Thomas, who lives in California. Mr. and Mrs. Kline have four sons, all born in Cherokee County: James M., born September 24, 1883; Simon, born November 10, 1886; Silas Edward, born January 25, 1892; and Claudus, born June 20, 1894.
In former days, Mr. Kline was identified with the Democratic party, but now, facing so many important issues, he prefers to vote independently. He is a member of the A. O.
33
626
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
U. W. organization at Crestline and also be- longs to the A. H. T. A. He is well known and much respected in Crawford township.
W. YOUNGMAN,* who is engaged in an abstract, loan and insurance business at Columbus, was born in Bracken County, Kentucky, in 1871, and is a son of William and M. O. (Yates) Youngman.
The parents of Mr. Youngman came to Cherokee County in 1877. William Young- man is now engaged in a meat market business at Columbus, having previously been for 20 years a contracting carpenter and builder. He was born in Bracken County, Kentucky, in 1845 and married in Brighton County. Both the Youngman and Yates families originated in Pennsylvania and were among the early settlers in Kentucky. Our subject has one brother, Bert R. Youngman, who is associated with his father in business.
E. W. Youngman has been a resident of Cherokee County since he was six years of age, and he obtained his education in the Columbus schools. His first business experience was as a clerk in a grocery house. He filled a clerical position for eight years, and during 1893-94 was clerk in the office of the register of deeds of Cherokee County. He then embarked in his present business, which has been in existence for the past three years, establishing his offices in an excellent location, on the north side of the square. He gives his whole time and atten- tion to his work and has built up a fine record as a business man. He represents some of the most reliable insurance companies in the coun- try, including the Germania of New York; the Security of New Haven, Connecticut; and the St. Paul of St. Paul, Minnesota; and four old
line companies in fire, lightning and tornado insurance.
Mr. Youngman was married at Columbus to Lyda Roberts, who is a daughter of J. A. Roberts, one of the old residents of Sheridan township, Cherokee County. They have one son, Harold, a bright little fellow of four years.
Politically, Mr. Youngman is a Democrat, and one of the effective party workers. In 1897 he was elected city clerk and served for three consecutive terms. His fraternal associa- tions include the Masonic Blue Lodge ; I. O. O. F. ; A. O. U. W. ; Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica; Knights of Pythias and the Knights and Ladies of Security. Both he and his wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Young- man possesses all the qualities which go to the making of a first-class citizen and he enjoys business success and personal popularity.
<m
ILAS L. PAUL.* The biographer is privileged to present to the reader a short review of the life and family of Silas L. Paul, one of Cherokee Coun- ty's most worthy citizens, who lives in section 14, township 35, range 24, in Spring Valley township. Mr. Paul was born in Kosciusko County, Indiana, January 19, 1862.
The Paul family came originally from Ger- many, locating first in Maryland and later re- moving to Hancock County, Ohio, where Jack- son Paul, our subject's father, was born. Jack- son Paul attended the schools of Hancock County, Ohio, until he was 20 years of age. He was then granted a teacher's certificate and taught two terms of school in Hancock county. In 1849, during the first rush for the gold fields of California, Jackson Paul became one of the number who braved the perils of a jour-
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627
ney to this new "Mecca" of the West. Instead of joining one of the overland caravans moving across the Great Western Plains, he took ship and passed to the southward, rounded Cape Horn and reached the land of his dreams by way of the Pacific. He remained in California for three years engaged in gold mining. Then, having secured enough of the yellow metal to make a comfortable fortune, he returned to Warsaw, Indiana, to enjoy the results of his hard labor in a new country.
After a period in Chicago, Illinois, where he was studying medicine, he settled down to farming near Warsaw, and at the same time practiced medicine in and about the neighbor- hood in which he lived. Then, after he had made several trips to Kansas to look up a desir- able location, he removed to Cherokee County in 1872 and located on a farm near Baxter Springs, where he engaged in farming until his death, which occurred May 10, 1881. His wife had passed away some time before the re- moval of the family to Kansas. Jackson Paul married Elizabeth Blodgett, daughter of Joseph and Helen Blodgett, of Indiana. Their family consisted of 10 children, as follows: Ed, a liveryman of Hedrick, Iowa ; Charles, a physi- cian of Elkhart, Indiana ; Frank, a farmer of Mason County, Illinois; Joseph, engaged in orange growing in California ; Bert, employed in a wholesale house in Kansas City; William, living in England ; Silas, subject of this review ; Clara, wife of James Hobson, a resident of Louisiana; Eva (Mrs. Arthur Scott), of Bax- ter Springs ; and Nellie, who lives in Kansas City.
Silas Paul came to Kansas with his father in 1872 and lived and worked on tbe farm, while he was acquiring an education in the schools of Baxter Springs. At the age of 18 he left school and began the management of a creamery on the place where he now lives. He was employed in this manner about four years,
and then turned his attention to farming, which has claimed his attention ever since, with the exception of about three years, during which he was in the employ of the "Frisco" Railroad, helping to put in ballast and laying rails. A farm at Carthage, Missouri, purchased some time ago, is rented out, as the farm at home claims his attention.
Mr. Paul's married life began on Decem- ber 25, 1898, when he was united in marriage to Bessie Murray, daughter of Ewing and Sarah (Robertson) Murray, of Missouri. The family consists of Mr. and Mrs. Paul and her mother, Mrs. Murray, and three sons, — Jack- son, Roy and Arthur.
Our subject is a Republican in politics and at all times he stands for the principles of that party. In religious circles he is prominent as a member of the Presbyterian Church. He affiliates with the I. O. O. F. Mr. Paul is a man of real worth and good standing in the community, and highly esteemed by his many friends.
HARLES S. and FRANCIS F. DOWD,* prominent fanners of Cherokee County, are located in sec- tions 19 and 30, township 34, range 27,, in Lyon township, where they have 320 acres of land.
Charles S. Dowd was born in Macomb County, Michigan, July 31, 1863, and is a son of Joseph S. and Emily (Mather) Dowd. He was two years of age when taken by his parents to Gull Lake, thence to Battle Creek, thence to Decatur, Michigan, where he attended the public schools until he was 14 years of age. He accompanied his parents to Rolla, Missouri, and later returned to Decatur, where he fol- lowed farming. He came West, to Kansas City, Missouri, in 1881 and for six years
628
HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
worked in the brickyard of Drury Underwood. He then went still farther West, to Boulder County, Colorado, and worked at gold and silver mining 13 years. He came to Cherokee County, Kansas, in 1900. He purchased a farm of 320 acres in sections 19 and 30, town- ship 34, range 23, in Lyon township, and in connection with his brother, Francis E., is en- gaged in general fanning and stock-raising. They built a fine barn, 56 by 36 feet, and a corn crib 40 by 36 feet, and have made many other extensive improvements, having one of the best improved farms in the township.
Francis E. Dowd was born in 1867 in Decatur, Michigan, and moved with his pa- rents to Missouri. He later returned to Mich- igan and engaged in farming until he joined his brother in Boulder County, Colorado, since which time they have been associated in busi- ness.
The Dowd family is of North of Ireland stock, and was founded in this country in the early colonial days. William Dowd, a great-uncle of our subjects, was once a candidate for mayor of New York City. Joseph S. Dowd, father of our subjects, was born in Macomb County, Michigan, April 17, 1836, and was reared on a farm. He bought a farm at Gull Lake and also worked in a flour- ing mill there for two years, after which he en- gaged in the grocery business at Decatur for 13 years. He then went to Missouri and fol- lowed farming two years, after which he went ot Colorado and engaged in gold and silver mining with some success, living in a camp there for 18 years. He returned to Rolla, Mis- souri, where he died April 26, 1902. He was a son of Horace Dowd, who was born in Litchfield, Connecticut, November 1, 1803. The latter removed to Pontiac, Michigan, where he farmed and in 1877 went to Rolla, Missouri, where he died at the age of 84 years. Joseph S. Dowd married Emily Mather,
who was born in New York, January 2, 1843, and is a daughter of Sidney and Lucretia Mather, both natives of New York. She now resides in Columbus, Kansas. This union was blessed with the following children : Adelia, who died at Greene, Michigan, December 18, 1895; Charles S. ; Francis E. ; and Melvina A., who was born in Decatur, Michigan, No- vember 7, 1874, and died at Mount Clemens, Michigan, November 2, 1881.
Charles S. Dowd was first united in mar- riage with Susie Whipple, October 6, 1891. She was a daughter of Joseph W. and Elmira (Potter) Whipple, and was one of 13 children, six of whom are now living in Cherokee Coun- ty. Joseph W. Whipple died in Colorado, and his family came to this county in 1901. Charles S. Dowd and his wife became the parents of three children : Charles Joseph, Grace and Mabel. Mrs. Dowd died February 25, 1900, aged 26 years, and on February 4, 1903, he formed a second union with Ida M. Allen, a daughter of James and Frances Allen. Charles S. Dowd is a Republican in politics, whilst fra- ternally, he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.
Francis E. Dowd was united in marriage, June 22, 1897, at Elmira, Colorado, with Effie L. Whipple, a sister of the first wife of Charles S. Dowd. Three children have blessed this union : Clara Belle, born March 15, 1898; Fred Houston, born May 2, 1902; and Oliver F., born May 9, 1904. Francis E. Dowd is also a stanch supporter of Republican principles, and is a member of the Odd Fellows.
OHN OSCAR JOHNSON,* station and express agent at Crestline, was born in Warren County, Illinois, Au- gust 16, 1859, and is a son of Alex- ander and Martha (Godfrey) Johnson.
The father of Mr. Johnson was born in
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629
Ohio and removed to Illinois with his parents, when young, and lived there until just prior to the Civil War, when he came to Johnson County, Kansas. He was a merchant and con- ducted a store at Spring Hill until 1889, when he retired, on account of failing health. A few months prior to his death, in 1896, he came to Shawnee township, Cherokee County, and passed away at the home of our subject, at the age of 72 years. He married Martha Godfrey, a daughter of Elijah Godfrey, of Warren County, Illinois, and they had two children : Josephine, wife of J. R. Matteson, of Grenola, Kansas; and John Oscar, of this sketch. The mother of these children passed away in 1888, at the age of 56 years.
John Oscar Johnson was his father's chief assistant in his business and attended the local schools. When he had attained his majority, he entered into a business of his own, at Spring Hill, where he continued until 1887 and then went to Arkansas City and continued in busi- ness there for a short time. Mr. Johnson next became interested in farming which he carried on in Chautauqua County, Kansas, until 1892, and then came to Shawnee township, Cherokee County. Mr. Johnson embarked in a grain and mercantile business and still continues inter- ested in the former, which he has expanded into a large and important industry. Mr. John- son ships annually 125 car-loads of grain. In 1897 he bought 45 acres of good land, a half mile east cf Crestline, and to this he has added 80 acres. This property is managed by his sons, who do general farming and dairying.
In 1882, Mr. Johnson was married to Edith Arter, who is a daughter of John Arter, of Warren County, Illinois. They have five chil- dren : Clarence A., Mabel M., Dean A., Walter W. and John H.
Mr. Johnson is identified with the Republi- can party and has at various times filled official positions. For several terms he was clerk of
Spring Hill township, and for two years he was postmaster at Crestline. He is well and favor- ably known to the community and in his present capacity of station and express agent gives sat- isfactory service.
RANK L. BALL, M. D.* One of the successful practicing physicians of Cherokee County is Dr. Frank Ball, of Hallowell. Dr. Ball first entered upon a career in the mechanical trades, having learned the milling business with an uncle. After a period at that trade and as a salesman of milling products, he matriculated at the University Medical College at Kansas City, taking the degree of M. D. in 1900. Dr. Ball is a Missourian by birth, born in Johnson County, January 20, 1868. He began practic- ing in Cherokee County on the 22nd of April, 1900.
Dr. Ball is a son of Guy T. Ball, who was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, on the nth of April, 1839. The father of our subject re- moved to Fayette County, Ohio, when he was 17 years old, and lived there until the war broke out, when he enlisted in Company C, 20th Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf. He served three years under John A. Logan and U. S. Grant, in the Army of the West, throughout Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri, taking part in the bloody battle of Shiloh and the siege of Vicksburg. After the war, in 1867, Mr. Ball settled in Johnson County, Missouri, lived at that point for nearly 30 years, and then he removed to Hallowell. Mr. Ball now resides with his son and is en- gaged in the grain and flour business. He is a Republican, and affiliates with the G. A. R.. the Masons and the Knights of Pythias, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our subject's mother was Anna E. Larrimer, a native of Fayette County, Ohio, where she
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HISTORY OF CHEROKEE COUNTY
was born on the 18th day of July, 1841. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Ball consisted of seven children : Frank L. ; Mary A., who died when about 22 years old ; Mrs. Livia Kiddoo, of La- bette County; Ora H., a physician of Dennis, Labette County; Earl, a druggist of Parsons, Kansas; Guy, a law student; and Mrs. Maude Kiddoo, of Coffeyville, Kansas.
The name of the grandfather of our subject was Guy Ball, and he was a native of Pennsyl- vania. He was a blacksmith by trade, and spent his life in Pennsylvania and Ohio, dying when he was about 60 years old.
Dr. Frank L. Ball is a single man of most genial and frank personality, and in a social way he affiliates with the I. O. O. F., A. O. U. W.,Woodmen, and Home Builders' Union. In politics he votes with the Republican party, and his religious views are those of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he is a member.
OSEPH BATTEN,* one of the success- ful business men of Scammon, en- gaged in the grocery and bakery line, who is also one of the city's highly esteemed citizen, was born in 1858. in England, and is a son of Richard and Mary (Richards) Batten.
The parents of Mr. Batten were both born in England and came to America in 1872, set- tling in Pennsylvania, where the father and sons found work in the coal mines. Our sub- ject is one of the seven survivors of the family of 16 children, viz. : William, Mary, Richard, Phillius, Emily and George.
In 1880 our subject, accompanied by other members of the family, came to Kansas and set- tled in Mineral township, Cherokee County, where Joseph worked in the mines for two years. As this business did not agree with his health, he went to Meade County and there took up a homestead claim, but through some misunderstanding he lost this land and then located at Scammon.
Mr. Batten then accepted a position in the store of the Central Coal & Coke Company, beginning as driver of their delivery wagon, and, through faithfulness and energy, was pro- moted to be head clerk, a position he filled for five years. He was associated with this com- pany for 11 years, enjoying the friendship and esteem of David Mackie, Sr., during all this time. In 1899, Mr- Batten established his grocery and bakery and has met with excellent success. He is regarded as one of the leading business men of the place and reliance is placed in his methods and his goods.
In 1882 Mr. Batten was married to Julia Hooper, who was also born in England, and all of their six children were born at Scammon, the five survivors being: Walter J., Albert E., Ernest H., William J. and Wesley J.
Politically Mr. Batten is a Republican and during 1902 was city clerk. He is assistant secretary of the Scammon Commercial Club and is fraternally connected with the Masons, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He de- serves much credit for his manly perseverance in the face of many early difficulties and the success he has attained is the result of his own efforts.
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