THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA

PRESENTED BY

PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND
MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID

ROBT. J. EVANS

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

A SHORT HISTORY OF
THE DUROG JERSEY
BREED OF SWINE

BY

ROBT. J. EVANS

Founder of the Duroc Bulletin, Former Secretary

of the National Duroc Jersey Record

Association; Present Secretary of the

American Swine Breeders'

Association

Published by

JAMES J. DOTY PUBLISHING CO.
(Duroc Bulletin) (Swine World)

Copyright 1918, by
JAMES J. DOTY PUBLISHING CO.

INTRODUCTION

The most frequent inquiry that has
come to my desk each week for the last
several years is, "Where can I find a book
that contains a history of Durocs?" In
order to answer many of the questions that
arise in the mind of the student of pedi-
gree, and in the mind of the man who has
embarked into Duroc breeding with the
intention of mating to produce improve-
ment, I have written this little book. No
man can be a breeder of hogs and make
headway with his work, and make im-
provement in the quality and character-
istics of his herd animals unless he knows
something of the commingling of blood
that produced his herd headers. Only a
few of the questions that have come to me
in the recent years about the breed are an-
swered in this book. Much of the early
history of the breed and the early herds
has been lost for the want of a man who
could devote his time to gathering up the
widely scattered bits of information.

I have tried to make the story readable,
and in as few words as possible give as
much information as could be boiled down
in so small a volume. It is by no means
a complete history of the breed. The
writer hopes to be able to take this larger
work up shortly and with the assistance
of the leading men who have been active
in the business in times past and with
those who are leaders now, bring out a
book that will give all of the history of the
breed, that can be learned by a search of
the records, and in conference with those
who have through the trying years of the
breeds' existence, been working for breed
improvement.

This book is dedicated to the interests
of the Duroc, a breed of hogs that has
come to the front as no other breed has
done in the history of livestock production.
The Duroc has brought fecundity, stamina
and size into the pork herds of the day and
a visit to the market centers will prove to
the most skeptical that he is the "Farmers
and Feeders Favorite." The prices of

Duroc breeding stock at this writing in all
sections where purebred hogs are raised is
evidence of the popularity of the Duroc,
and the reason for that popularity is his
ability to make good as a producer of pork
under all conditions and environments.

For more than 25 years the writer has
worked to scatter the gospel of "More and
Better Durocs," and it is with no little
pleasure that he sees the ever-widening in-
terest taken in his favorite breed. And
this work is put out with the intention and
sincere desire to help in still extending the
fields of the Duroc.

ROBT. J. EVANS.

HISTORY

-of
the

DUROC

IT IS conceded by the best posted men in
the Duroc business, both old and new,
that there is little that can be relied upon
in the early history of the Duroc as really
authentic. This one fact, however, is pretty
conclusively revealed by the examination of
everything that can be had on the subject,
that the Duroc- Jersey comes from what was
best in two or more strains of red hogs.
Among these were the massive, coarse Jer-
sey Reds of New Jersey, which are descend-
ants of a pair of pigs imported from Eng-
land in 1832; the more compact Duroc of
New York, so named by Isaac Frink of that
state, after a noted stallion which he owned ;
and from the Kentucky strain which f ounda-

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

tion was imported by the Honorable J. C.
Clay who was Minister to Portugal under
President Taylor in 1850.

Very naturally, it was some years before
there was any attempt to establish a type
of any kind. The Jersey-Reds grew to ex-
tremely large size when matured, some of
the records being as high as 1,053 pounds
as barrows, and one record is found of 30
head 22 months old that averaged dressed
at 685 pounds. The Duroc branch of the
family carried more finish, was more neat
in appearance, both in head and body. From
all that can be learned of the nature of the
J. C. Clay branch, it was a medium type of
red hog, and must have originally come from
the wild red hog of Northern Africa. Red
hogs were found in an early day in every
state on the Atlantic coast wjiere slave trad-
ing was carried on and it is fair to assume
that the original of these came from North
Africa.

The Jersey-Reds were named by the Hon-
orable Joseph Lyman in 1857, who was at

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

that time Agricultural Editor of the New
York Tribune and the words "Duroc" and
Jersey-Reds were used separately for a
number of years. The union of these
names under the Duroc-Jerseys and the
merging into the one breed was made
about the time the first steps were taken
to organize a recording association which
was about 1880.

In Saratoga county, New York, and in
Connecticut, and in Vermont, the same
type of red hogs was bred and not until
1877 were there any united efforts to agree
upon a standard of characteristics and
qualifications. This was brought about by
the breeders of Saratoga county. A table
of characteristics was completed by this
county association, and was the work
largely of W. M. Holmes, who later moved
to Iowa and continued the improvement
of the Duroc-Jerseys in his adopted state.
This firm was later known as C. H. Holmes
& Co., Chas. Holmes of the firm being the
first secretary of the American Associa-
tion, selected in 1883. However, a Wis-
consin organization had been formed pri-
marily with the purpose of a record, but
had never taken any definite steps towards
that end and was not doing any recording.

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

This organization was formed in 1882 with
Geo. A. Lytle of Elkhorn, as president,
and W. H. Morris from the same place as
secretary.

It was not until 1881-2 and -3 that there
was any particular -attention paid by the
breeders of Duroc-Jerseys to attend the big-
shows of the country as evidenced by the
record in the first volume in the extended
pedigrees given in the last part of the vol-
ume. These give the show record of these
various animals and do not date back
earlier than 1881, most of them being in
1882 and 1883. The first animal recorded
was Red Jacket No. 1, owned by Thos.
Bennett of Illinois.

This animal was a combination of the
breeding of Clark Pettit, New York, Sam-
uel Stark of South Bend, C. Burgen, Rich-
mond, Ky., and D. W. Zink of Illinois. It
was evident that the breeders were look-
ing everywhere and were buying from
different localities to secure the right cross
and improve these hogs. We need but cite
the pedigree of one of the show hogs of
1884 and 5, Climax 21. He was shown by
Railsback & Pittsford of Illinois through-
out the West and South. Climax was first
at Des Moines in 1884, Omaha 1884, Ot-

10

Great Orion 128377

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Boar at the Nebraska State Fair
and the National Swine Show, 1918

rOrion Cherry
King 42475

Great Orion
128377

Pal's High

Backed J

^ Lady 182760 ]

I

Throughout this book you will find a few photos of Grand
Champions and their extended pedigrees.

Cherrv King
25979

rCherry Chief
21335
< Stylish Per-
fection 3rd
59436

Orion Lady A.
- 39756

rOrion Chief
J 13333
1 Kinp Lady
v. 30758

Pal's Col.
29167

/"Premier Col.
J 24965
] Pal's Belle
52960

Fancy Flo
3rd 94714

fFancy Col.
J 27427
| Flo Orion
v. 60516

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

tumwa 1884, Oskaloosa the same year, and
second and Sweepstakes at Kansas City,
second at Sedalia the same year, and first
at New Orleans in 1885. This boar was
sired by John Jordan 297, the latter being
bred by Mr. Bradbury of Nasons, Va., the
dam, Tillie (no number), bred by Clark
Pettit. In the first volume of the Amer-
ican record will be found the pedigree of
animals that were winners in the big fairs
from New York to New Jersey, Virginia
and as far west as Omaha, Neb. The rapid
diffusion of this blood of the Duroc-Jersey
throughout the hog belt is evidence that
there was need for a better pork-growing
machine than found at that time. There is
no comparison of the Duroc-Jersey of that
day with the improved Duroc of today.
Yet he had within his makeup the char-
acteristics that were bound later to make
him a leader in swine production. There
were strength of character, ruggedness,
prolificacy and the ability to put on pounds
of pork on forage and concentrated feeds.
The Duroc has been developed through
more than three quarters of a century of
careful consideration for these qualifica-
tions, necessary to make the best machine
to convert grain and grass into pounds of

11

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

pork on foot. For the most part he has
been developed by men who had to make
their living from pork growing. The idea
in mind all the way up the line has been
the best possible money-making hog.

The development of a breed of live-
stock comes usually through a few leaders
adapted to that kind of wo^k and the im-
provement of the Duroc is no exception.
Early in the history you find the names of
Clark Pettit of New York, John S. Collins
of New Jersey, Morton of Ohio, Railsback,
Browning, Bennett and Stoner of Illinois,
Holmes of Iowa, formerly of New York.
Ingram of Illinois, Roberts, Stribling and
West of Iowa, Harris and Crabb of Ken-
tucky, Searle of Nebraska and Stonebraker
of Illinois, all of whom played an impor-
tant part in the early advancement of the
breed.

I fail to find in the first volume of the
record, issued by the American, which was
the first permanent record of Duroc-Jer-
seys issued by the breeders of this breed of
swine, a name that appears in the recent
records of either the American or National
records, but when we come to the second
volume we find in it the names of many
familiar present-day breeders. Only a

13

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

few, however, whose names are repre-
sented in that volume, are still active in
the work. The first volume was issued in
1885 and the second in 1890. The National
Association was formed in the Fall of 1891
and issued its first volume in October, 1893,
the first volumes being delivered at the
World's Fair show in .Chicago in October,
1893, at a called meeting of the Board, held
at that time. At that meeting strong reso-
lutions were passed, copies of which were
forwarded to every fair association of the
country, asking that a distinct class be
made for Durocs. Only in a few of the
leading state fairs were these classes made
prior to 1893, but the Durocs had been
showing against other small breeds at that
time.

Connected with the early history of im-
proved and recorded Durocs we find A. In-
gram, Pittsford & Railsback, J. M. Brown-
ing, G. W. Stoner, Thos. Bennett and C. J.
Stuckey in Illinois; Wm. Holmes & Son,
J. W. Doak, J. M. Shaw and A. Failor,
Iowa; Thos. Lovelock and Wm. Brad-
bury, Virginia; F. D. Curtis, New York;
H. C. Stoll, Nebraska; R. L. Williams,
Kentucky ; Clark Pettit, New Jersey ; P. C.
McClure, Samuel Taylor, Ohio; R. H.

13

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Gage and Geo. A. Lytle, Wisconsin. These
names appear very often in Volume I of the
American record. In the second and third
volumes we find the names of J. M. Stone-
braker, Jos. Vogel, Illinois; S. E. Morton,
Ohio; Amos Harris, Kentucky; Herring
& Hummer, Iowa; G. W. Witham, Illi-
nois; John S. Collins, N. J. ; I. M. Stansell,
Illinois; Rankin & Son, Illinois; William
Roberts and J. W. Stribling, Iowa. The
leading families of the breed and the hun-
dreds of noted animals produced by their
blood lines, with but few exceptions, trace
directly to animals recorded in Volumes
1, 2 and 3 of the American record, bred by
these breeders whose names we have here
listed.

J. M. Stonebraker's first recorded boar
was Ben Butler 1387, by Dan Voorhees Jr.
323, by old Dan Voorhees, unrecorded.
Dan Voorhees Jr. was used by Railsback
& Pittsford of Hopedale, 111., breeders who
in 1882-3 and -4 were showing Durocs at
the principal western shows.

J. M. Browning's foundation herd was
eleven sows, purchased from A. Ingram,
being a combination of Ingram's and
Bradbury's breeding, the latter a resident
of Virginia. One of these eleven sows was

14

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

later the dam of British Wonder 917, a
famous show hog in the Browning & Son
herd, grand champion at Illinois fair, 1890,
and other early shows. British Wonder
917 was by Perry Duke 185, the latter com-
ing from the Tom Bennett herd and was
sired by Red Chief, unrecorded, who was
also the sire of Red Jacket No. 1, the first
Duroc boar ever put on record. The dam
of British Wonder was Queen of the West
530, a sow from the Ingram herd.

William Roberts' first recorded herd
boar was Alexis, from the same herd men-
tioned above (Railsback & Pittsford), and
was first at St. Louis, 1882, second at Iowa,
1883, Nebraska 1883. Later he used Her-
man H. from the Herring & Hummer herd,
a boar tracing to Climax 21, winner at
New Orleans in 1885 and seven big fairs in
1884; further on in his work of construct-
ing Durocs, Mr. Roberts used Delay 3167,
by Troubadour and Supply 4563, both of
which he bought from the Morton herd,
the latter being sired by Col. M., the foun-
dation of the Colonel family. Columbian
Duke 3457 was also raised in this herd in
the early 90s and his get was at Chicago,
his breeding tracing to the C. J. Stuckey
herd of Illinois (now a breeder of Ohio).

is

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Mr. Roberts also used Exchanger 2539a-
159n, bred by N. Harrington of Iowa, and
sired by Imperial 2nd, by Monas Imperial
and out of the sow Mona 2nd. The dam of
Exchanger was a full sister of his sire,
making Exchanger an inbred boar. This
boar was later sold to Mr. Stonebraker of
Illinois and was shown in Chicago in 1893,
winning in the aged class, and he also
placed several of his get in the winnings.
Exchanger was an inbred Holmes boar,
tracing through both his sire and dam to
Mona 2nd, winner at New Orleans in 1885,
Des Moines '83, and Ottumwa '84, and
Chicago at the old exposition in '81. Fur-
ther along in the Roberts' herd Allison was
purchased of Walter Abernathy of Indiana
and about the time of the World's Fair in
Chicago Mr. Roberts purchased the great
show sow Ohio Anna 10068, foundation
sow of the Ohio Anna family and dam of
the Orions. Roberts & Sons' name became
synonymous with good Durocs, and this
firm was a leader in Iowa improvement for
a good many years. Old Orion was pur-
chased by them in 1895 and crossed with
Ohio Anna 8th, producing Orion 2nd.

The brightest light that guided the way
for Duroc improvement in pioneer days

1G

Long Gano 536804n

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Sow at the Nebraska State
Pair and the National Swine Show, 1918

Long Gano
536804n

rVictor Gano
171513

Special Queen
461218n

rCol. Gano
103963

1 Harding's
Model 5th
L 290426

fGolden Model
32nd 130865

-{

rKing the Col.
J 89533n
1 Crimson Lady
I 182778

rHarding's
King of
J Cols. 81189
"1 Harding's
Model 2nd
L 246670

fGolden Model
J 2nd 77339
1 Model Queen
^ 2nd 310150n

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

and the star that led through many trying
years, a man to whom Durocs and Duroc
breeders owe more than to any one man
for breed building and for swine leader-
ship in his day and time, came upon the
scene of action early in the /80s and by
his knowledge of mating and his master
mind in constructive breeding, laid the
foundation for several of the most noted
families the breed has ever known. The
world has produced no greater construc-
tive swine breeder than Sam Morton of
Ohio. The foundation of his recorded herd
was Derby 3962, Molly Ann 3964, Mora
3966, Java 3968 and Vernal 2nd 3970, pur-
chased from the Browning herd in Illinois,
and on the same trip to the Sucker State he
purchased Champion Wonder 1299 from
Andrew Ingram. The sows mentioned
were all daughters of British Wonder 917
and out of Vernal 998, tracing to Nero 205
from the William Holmes herd. Champion
Wonder was by the same sire as British
Wonder and out of Success 2nd 2668, by
Perry Duke, the latter sire of both British
Wonder and Champion Wonder. The fa-
mous Duchess sows of the Morton herd
were founded on one of these sows, Vernal
2nd 3970. She was mated to Granville 2nd

17

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

1301, whose dam was by Perry Duke, and
who on his sire's side was a great-grandson
of Perry Duke. Of this cross came Vernal
2nd's daughter. In four generations of
Vernal 2nd's daughter's pedigree, Perry
Duke, the foundation boar, appears four
times. Vernal 2nd's daughter was mated
to King Stoner 1661, producing Duchess
2nd 5932. King Stoner was from the G. W.
Stoner herd of Illinois, was sired by Prince
Apollo, a boar of the Holmes and Clark
pedigree. Duchess 2nd was later mated
to Troubadour 2255 by Doak 2nd, bred by
Mr. Doak, of Iowa, and produced Duchess
9th. Duchess 9th was second aged sow at
the Columbian Show of '93. There is little
doubt that this intense breeding brought
about by the commingling of these blood
lines and by the adding of an occasional
outcross produced as good a family of
sows as has ever been known. Duchess 9th
was bred to Colongues by Legal Tender,
by King Stoner ; Legal Tender's dam being
by Morton's Perfection, a sow tracing di-
rectly back to Mora, one of Morton's foun-
dation sows. Duchess 19th was produced
by this cross to Colongues, and she was
mated to Storm Kine, a boar tracing di-
rectly back to the Duchess sows and Duch-

18

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

ess 32nd resulted from this cross. Duchess
40th was produced by the mating of Walts
Col. to Duchess 32nd 13364, just men-
tioned in the preceding sentence. This
latter cross threw in another tracing to Trou-
badour, another to King Stoner, and an-
other still to Mora, the show sow men-
tioned previously. Duchess 40th 18958 was
mated to Protection and produced Ohio
Chief and Chief of Ohio. She was mated
to Orion 2nd and produced Top Notcher,
the head of the Top Notcher family, and
was mated to Morton's King and produced
Winchester Chief 10077, a boar that added
size and strength to Indiana Durocs.

Thos. Bennett of Illinois bought few
boars from other breeders, preferring to
line and interbreed, for during the '80s and
early '90s we find but two boars in use in
his herd from outside breeding. One was
Oswego 665 by old Dan Voorhees, un-
recorded, mentioned heretofore as being
used in the Railsback & Pittsford herd.
The other was Legal Tender 2179, pur-
chased from S. E. Morton after the latter
breeder had used him some time. Boars
of his own breeding used in these dozen
or more years were Chickasaw Chief 1551,
Choctaw Chief 1553, Conqueror 2181, Joe

19-

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

the Banker 1955, Cuckoo 3063, and the
latter's son, Hero 1955, grand champion
boar in his under year form at Chicago,
'93. The get of Cuckoo showed splendidly
at this fair and the old boar himself lacked
fitting or would have given Col. M. a hard
tussle for first honors in the top class.
Choctaw Chief was out of Minnesota 702,
a winner at the old exposition in Chicago
in '81.

Amos Harris of Kentucky was the most
southerly located of any breeder recording
in these early days, and he was using La-
foon 1315 from the Stoner breeding; Mor-
ton 2305, a King Stoner boar, from the
Morton herd; Edgemont 2625, a Trouba-
dour boar from the same herd; Hummer
3371 from the Herring & Hummer herd,
and Guy Wilkes 3459 from the Ingram
herd.

G. W. Stoner of Illinois used old Breck-
enridge 387, a boar produced at Brecken-
ridge, Mo., and a boar recognized at that
time as having wonderful stretch and size
and vigor. Prince Apollo, his son, was also
used in this herd and later on Royal Duke
1357 from Rankin & Son of Illinois; Cam-
den Prince 1615 from the Morton herd,

20

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

sired by Champion Wonder 1299, brother
to British Wonder, was also used.

Mr. J. H. Lathrop of Iowa used in his
herd a boar by Iowa Champion, from the
Hubbard herd, and sows from the Stuckey
and Morton herd.

Our object in giving these paragraphs
regarding these boars, is to bring to your
mind the amount of buying and selling of
herd boars that was going on between the
different sections of the country. With
the few exceptions we have given you the
breeding and the boars used in these herds
for ten or twelve years before the Colum-
bian Exposition, 1893, the first place that the
Durocs had been accorded a place worthy
of their standing in any show of world
wide significance. The show at Chicago
brought together the herds of Ohio, Illi-
nois, Nebraska and Iowa. The show was
judged by J. A. Countryman, of Rochelle,
Illinois, who was assisted by D. J. Spauld-
ing, of Black River Falls, Wisconsin. The
herds represented were that of Morton,
Bennett, Searle, Stonebraker, Chandler &
Son (Nebraska), Walter & Bro., Roberts
& Son, G. W. Trone, J. H. Lathrop. There
was a variety of type found among the
boars of the several classes but from the

21

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

best account of the show put in print at
that time, for which we are indebted to
the Breeders' Gazette, it would seem that
the judges succeeded in placing animals
worthy of the position he gave them.
Hero, the Grand Champion boar, was
surely best of the male section, and was
awarded that place after being placed at
the head of the under:year class. The
sows of the show, as they do many times
in our later contests, made more pleasing
appearance and showed more even type.
Lucy Wonder, the head of the great Won-
der family of sows was placed at the top
in the aged class. Duchess 9th, men-
tioned heretofore in these pages, being
second. Some mighty choice things in
the pig class came to light from the Ben-
net herd, daughters of Cuckoo, already
mentioned. They showed considerable
length, well backed, and hammed and lots
of finish and quality. In closing the ac-
count of this sow the Breeders' Gazette
states that the judge would not have gone
wrong if he had turned Lucy Wonder
down for Champion and placed the purple
on Bennett's under-twelve-month pig,
Brightness.

Two years after the Columbian Expo-

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

sition old Orion was farrowed on the N.
P. Clark farm at Monticello, Iowa, and
was shown with his litter mates at Des
Moines that Fall. The history of this boar
and his litter mates and their progeny
form a prominent part of Duroc lore from
1895 to 1900.

About 1890 in. Northwest Iowa another
breeder of Durocs was gathering a herd
destined to play an important part in de-
veloping the good feeding qualities and
increasing the popularity of Durocs in the
Corn Belt. O. S. West, of Iowa, gathered
his breeding hogs from the various good
herds. Among his first boars was one
called Crimson Wonder 2813, by Trojan,
from the Roberts herd. He also used
Banker Boy from the Morton herd, he by
Geo. W. S., by old Breckenridge, hereto-
fore mentioned; Banker and Highland
King, by Hoosier King, from the Stuckey
herd. Czar Nicholas, by Coulongues.
Some excellent constructive breeding was
done in this herd.

In the latter '90s many boars were
changing owners back and forth from East
to West and vice versa. Showing at state
fairs had continued with the impetus given
by the Columbian Exposition. At one

23

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

time Morton & Co., a firm composed of
S. E. Morton, Walter Abernathy and E.
M. Borradaile, bought four boars from
Wm. Roberts & Son. Two of these were
Allison, Jr., and Hustler, sired by Allison
5267, the latter sired by Panic 4107, a boar
that Roberts had purchased from Morton
& Co. a few years before. They also
bought Orion II 6537, by old Orion, out
of Ohio Anna 10068. Another one was
Bally Trally 6545, also by Panic. By this
purchase they secured boars of practically
the same line of breeding of their sows
and intensified that blood in their offspring.
This firm had previously produced, namely
in '94 and '95, Walts Col. 5795, and Pro-
tection 4697, the former a son of Col. M.,
and the latter a son of Coulongues, the
Bennett herd header. Around the story
and names in this paragraph lie the foun-
dation of the Protections, the Colonels,
and the Orion Chief families.

Besides using old Orion and Allison at
this time the Roberts were using to good
advantage the hog called Awake, by John,
the latter a son of Cuckoo 3063, from the
Bennett herd. Orion, Jr., about this time
went to an Indiana herd as did Orion R.,
both out of old Orion. These went to

24

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Finch and Pearson, of Indiana. Roberts
also bought a Protection boar called I See.
They also used Zeek, a winner in the pig
classes at the Columbian in '93. ]. W.
Stribling, of Iowa, had a Protection bred
boar called Ohio Tom, as did also J. Ben-
son & Son, of Iowa. During these years
from '80 to '90, the Browning herd in Illi-
nois was using such boars as Col. Wonder
3817, by British Wonder, and a grandson
of Iowa Champion 2443, and General Ly-
ons from the Morton 'herd. It was during
these years that the son, Harry E., so well
known in later years in the Duroc world
took the reins of the herd and continued
to build one of the most famous the breed
has ever known. Columbian Chief, by
Col. Wonder, by British Wonder, Vermil-
lion Prince, by Col. Champion, and Wal-
ters Onward from the Walters herd, were
used.

About this time, Walter & Bro., of Ohio,
had developed Tom Wonder 6061 and U.
S. Wonder 6057, out of Lucy Wonder
6334. These breeders perfected the Lucy
Wonder family and the Walts Duchess
family of sows. Mr. Mahan, father of the
present Duroc man, C. E., founded his
wonderful herd of sows on a litter sister

25

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

of Lucy Wonder. In the Bennett herd,
Referee, by the Grand Champion Hero,
was being used to good advantage and the
blood of this Grand Champion was dif-
fused into many of the prominent herds
of the time, one son going to the Reed
herd in Iowa in '99. In Nebraska the
Searles had developed Aksarben, Jr., and
in Ohio the Mortons had perfected the
Col. M's Variety family of sows and had
added a boar from the Stoner herd called
Royal LeGrande, a boar tracing back
through the H. W. Mumford herd of
Michigan and a boar that was almost an
entire outcross for Protection and Col. M.
sows.

It was late in the '90s when another man
entered the Duroc arena, a man who was
destined to be a leader, a man who had
the instinct of the constructive breeder and
the knowledge of the requirements of a
good hog and had the tenacity, vigor, and
push to get rapidly towards the front and
during all the years from the time he em-
barked in Duroc work and got well under
way, his herd has been in the lime light
and many noted breeding animals
have gone out from this headquarters.
The first recorded animals owned by Ira

25

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Jackson, of Ohio, was Longfellow 6815,
from the Walter & Bro. herd and Lord
Clinton, a Col. M. boar, from the Morton
herd. He also had sows from the C. C.
Brawley herd and the Morton herd, and
it was one of these latter, Agnes X. 15250,
that he crossed with old Longfellow that
produced Mabel, the dam of Orion Chief,
head of the Orion Chiefs and the Orion
Cherry King families, so popular at this
writing. The sire of Orion Chief, Orion
II 6537, and Chief of Ohio 9775, a litter
mate to Ohio Chief, were purchased from
Morton. Surprise, probably one of the
greatest individuals produced in the early
part of 1900, was by Chief of Ohio, out of
Mayflower, a daughter of Lord Clinton.

One of the early boars of the R. C. Watt
herd in Ohio was Moquette 3415, a son of
Duke of Star Herd, a winner at the Co-
lumbian Exposition. Mr. Watt had pur-
chased him from Walter & Bro., as he had
also Dora Wonder, a daughter of Lucy
Keever, and in this herd King Watt was
also used. Bob Watt developed the sow
family of Cedarville Queens, the original
Cedarville Queen being a daughter of Van-
Ausdal's Best, a sow tracing to Hoosier
King through the Abernathy herd and the

27

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Tom Bennett herd. The sire being Can-
non Ball, tracing directly back to old
North Star in the Stoner herd in Illinois.
Uncle Tom, a boar from the Tom Ben-
nett herd, was next used, he by Chica-
mauga by Rattler, a boar from the Stoner
herd. From the Morton herd Mr. Watt
purchased Top Notcher, then from the
cross of Top Notcher and the Cedarville
sows, many noted boars were sent to dif-
ferent sections of the country. One of
these that placed considerable improve-
ment in the Western and Northwestern
Durocs was Malcolm Model, a boar going
to Wm. Malcolm, of Minnesota.

It was about this time that Commodore
13385 came upon the scene in the Bennett
herd. He was produced practically from
the Bennett breeding, from early founda-
tion animals, and aside from Hero, the
Grand Champion at the World's Fair at
Chicago, 1893, was the most prominent
boar ever in the Bennett herd.

During this period of the eight or ten
years which we have covered in reciting
the advancement and improvement in the
blood lines of the herds in Ohio and other
Eastern sections, the interest in the West
had increased by leaps and bounds and

28

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

hundreds of new men were laying the
foundations of herds which produced the
animals whose history leads so intimately
into the story of Durocs in Western ter-
ritory. It was also during this period that
the public sale idea of pure bred animals
was developed in the Duroc breed, and as
far as the writer is able to learn, this was
developed both in the West and in the
East at about the same time. One of the
first public sales attempted was at the
Iowa State Fair grounds in 1894, by J. H.
Lathrop, of Oxford Junction. He was his
own auctioneer, and compelled to stop
before the sale was over on account of a
lack of patronage. In the winter of '96
this same man had a closing out sale, the
average being about $35 or $40, the top
sow bringing $60, and purchased by O. S.
West, of Paullina, Iowa. Mr. Wm. Rob-
erts & Son had held some early sales along
about the same years between '96 and '98.
I think the first public sale of Durocs in
the central hog states, at least in Illinois,
was the same of Geo. W. Trone in 1896.

^ In 1898, Mr. J. C. Woodburn, of Mary-
ville, Mo., held his first sale. In the East,
Morton & Co. lead with these public ven-
dues, and Dr. Burkhardt, of Cincinnati,

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Ohio, held several sales as did several com-
binations of Ohio and Indiana breeders
later on. It was not until after the World's
Fair at St. Louis in 1904 that these sales
throughout the hog belt became general
and were adopted by nearly all of the lead-
ing breeders.

During the interim between the Chicago
Exposition and the St. Louis Exposition
a world of new herds were developed. Es-
pecially was the business active in the
West in the territory where more hogs are
raised to the square mile than any place
else in the world. Such men as Geo.
Briggs, Gilbert VanPatten, H. B. Louden,
Smith and Arch Brown, of Nebraska; R.
J. Harding, Johnson Bros., H. C. Sheldon,
John Henderson, of Iowa; McFarland
Bros., W. L. Addy, J. C. Woodburn, of
Missouri; John L. Hunt, of Marysville,
Kansas, and many others had come to the
front with good herds, among them being
G. W. Seckman, of Illinois, who attended
his first public sale at Geo. W. Trones'
and paid $85 for a sow called Grace Dar-
ling, and lafd the foundation of a great
herd. He later attended the Andrew In-
gram sale and bought the sow, Hattie Gold
Dust, that laid the foundation for the Gold

30

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Dust herd and family of sows which were so
well represented in the winnings at St. Louis
in 1904. A. F. Russell, of Missouri; C. W.
and Wm. Reed, Iowa ; S. Y. Thornton, Mis-
souri ; C. R. Doty, Illinois ; O. W. Browning,
O. N. Woody, Harry Pfander, E. P. Wat-
son, O. E. Osborn, S. E. McCullough, David
Nauman, A. P. Alsin, H. L. Cantine, Iowa;
T. L. Livingston, Jacob Wernsman, the
Manleys and Wm. Stufrt, of Nebraska;
Kraschel & Son, of Illinois. All these were
building strong herd foundations as these
years passed.

Two of the early boars of Nebraska, to
which the breed is indebted for improve-
ment and especial recognition by the men
who were growing pork hogs, were Hig-
gins' Model 3251, and Improver II 13365,
both used in the Geo. Briggs herd, and
their blood was widely scattered through
the West. Higgins' Model came from a
combination of Indiana and Iowa breed-
ing. Improver II traces remotely to Cou-
longues, the sire of Protection, the head
of the Protection family, and his dam
traces through the Lathrop herd in Iowa
to the pioneer herd of Bennett, of Illinois.
Both these sires lived to a ripe old age,
and their progeny always found ready sale.

si

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Other boars used by Briggs in an early
day was Briggs' Choice, a descendant of
Trones' Hero (winner, Chicago, '93), Red
Chief I Am, a son of Protection, Billie K.,
from the O. S. West herd; Kantbebeat,
Lincoln Wonder, by Ohio Chief; Billie's
Wonder, Briggs' Crimson by Belle's Crim-
son Wonder; Crimson Wonder 4th, by
Crimson Wonder Again. He also used
a Golden Model boar by Golden Model
Again. The Briggs herd has for twenty
or more years been a leader in Nebraska
in producing improvement in Durocs. Dur-
ing the past few years, Illustrator II by
L. E.'s Valley King, and Joe Orion 5th by
Joe Orion 2nd, and a Great Wonder boar
have been in use.

With but few exceptions the main herd
material we find recorded in the National
record at that time in the West came from
the herd boars whose blood lines run back
to the Roberts, Clark and Hubbard herds of
Iowa, tracing to boars founded on the best
blood they could buy and produce any-
where in the hog belt. Old Crimson Won-
der had been produced on the Cantine
Farm in Iowa and sold to A. T. Cole, of
Nebraska, and in the latter's closing out
sale had gone to W. A. Kirkpatrick, of

32

Taxpayer's Model 56529

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Boar at the Southeastern Fair.
Atlanta, 1918

/Top Col. 25211

Col. 32591
rTaxpayer

\Fancy Top
Lady 553 SW)

39041

.

rKinar of Cols.

1 0. C. G. D.

J 16075-

Taxpayer's
Model

L 2nd 57830

1 Ohio Chiefs
t G. D. 33086

56529

rMorton's King-

fKins- to Be

J 8725

12653

I Nellie M.

Foust's Model

^ 24410

1 3rd 107214 -S

>
1 Golden Girl
I 2nd 53880

rGolden Rule
J 14101
| Our Pride 2nd

^ 32528

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Lincoln. This boar is head of the great
Crimson Wonder family that cut more
figure in the breeding of the Western
herds for the next twelve years than any
other one blood line. He changed hands
in the closing out sale mentioned above at
$695, the highest price at that time that
any one ever dreamed would be paid for
a Duroc boar.

Just before the World's Fair in St. Louis
one of the men in the West destined to cut
more figure in the production of good Du-
rocs and to lead in more shows for a longer
period of years than any one of the West-
ern breeders, and who is still actively en-
gaged in the business, tossed his hat into
the ring and has ever since that time been
a leader in not only shows and sales, but
in real constructive breeding. This man
is J. D. Waltemeyer. In Volume 13, (not
unlucky in this case), you will find the
first boar recorded in his name, No. 21523,
Iowa Chief. This boar was bought from
the Woody Herd, and he was a boar ahead
of his time. His sire came from the Addy
herd, tracing back directly to that great
sire, Awake, of the Roberts herd, one of
the foundation boars of that herd. Walte-
meyer later used a boar from the Russell

33

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

herd in Missouri, Bobby, a descendant of
old Referee, by Hero, the latter Grand
Champion at Chicago, 1893. Also a Mal-
colm Model boar and a boar called Bugal
Boy, by Keep On IV, tracing to Reed's
Banker, a boar that did excellent improve-
ment work in Iowa Durocs, a boar sired
by old Advance, sire of Proud Advance,
and whose ancestry traced through Ta-
coma to Old Orion. Model Boy, a Mal-
colm Model boar, was also used. In 1908
he bought Golden Model 2nd and since
that time the Waltemeyers have builded
one of the best strains the Durocs have
ever known — the Golden Models, using
sows of Ohio Chief and Crimson Wonder
breeding with a dash of Colonel blood and
such boars as Model Chiefs Last, by Mod-
el Chief 2nd by Model Chief by Ohio
Chief; Sensation Wonder, grandson of
Crimson Wonder Again, and Golden
Model 31st, I Am Golden Model 2nd,
Grand Model and others. More recently
they brought into the herd Great Wonder,
a boar bearing the blood of Ohio Chief,
Crimson Wonder, Orion, the Colonels and
Critics, a boar of splendid feeding and
breeding qualities. The Golden Models
through the Waltemeyer efforts took a

34

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

lead in Western Durocs, and are admired
for their smoothness, symmetry, and won-
derful feeding qualities. Among the show
and breeding boars produced from Golden
Model II are Grand Model, Golden Model
llth, Golden Model 34th, Chief Model 2nd,
High Model, Blue Ribbon Model, Chief
Model, Golden Model 17th, Chiefs Model
III, Golden Model 31st, Foxey Model,
Golden Model 30th, W. B.'s Golden Model
and Golden Model 5th. I Am Golden
Model 2nd was one of the good breeding
sons of Golden Model 2nd.

The St. Louis Duroc Show, 1904, seems
now like a small show in numbers with only
348 head on the grounds. A larger num-
ber of the breed had been counted in sev-
eral State Fairs in the West prior to that
time, but it brought the best from nearly
every section of the country, and it was a
really high class show, for the time which
the breeders had been constructively en-
gaged in perfecting this new breed of hogs.
It was the first time that the representa-
tive farmers from all corners of the globe
had the opportunity to see real Duroc hogs
in their good form, and I have heard lead-
ing men of other breeds say that our show
at St. Louis set the pace for the large type

35

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

hog which is in such demand today, and
for which every one is striving. Our
breeders at that show exhibited strong,
vigorous, somewhat coarse, boars, that
showed that they were real producers and
they attracted the attention of the visiting
farmers and feeders. The names of the
winners in that show and the names of
their progeny have become household
words wherever Durocs are known. Such
hogs as Ohio Chief, Kruger, Top Notcher
King, Kant Be Beat, Tip Top Notcher,
Commodore, Jumbo Perfection, Orion
Chief, High Chief, Crimson Wonder, Ad-
vancer, Top Notcher Chief, Medoc, Model
Chief, Tom Watson, Dotie (Grand Cham-
pion sow), Xenia Belle, Roberta, Lady
Advance, Lady Orion, Daisy Improver,
Cedarvale Queen 8th, Vic's Bell, Crimson
Lady, The Genevieves, Cols. Belle 2nd,
and S. E.'s Model 2nd. These are only a
few of the more than 300 winners in this
show whose places were picked by J. A.
Shade, of Kingsley, Iowa. There was
$5,110 hung up in the regular classes by
the World's Fair. The National Associa-
tion gave $1,000 more, the American a silver
trophy, and there were any number of
prizes furnished by the State Legislature.

33

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Johnson Bros., of Newkirk, Iowa, won the
Champion pen of barrows. The contend-
ers for that purple show being H. S. Allen,
of Iowa, with a pen of six and under
twelve; C. R. Doty, of Illinois, on a pen
under six. The champion barrow went to
C. R. Doty. The champion barrow, any
age, went to Doty. Messrs. Trone, of Illi-
nois; Sheldon, of Iowa, being the winners
in the other classes contending for the
championship. The champion grade by
recorded sire was won by Trone, of Illi-
nois. There were twenty-one members of
the National who participated in the spe-
cial prizes hung up by that organization.
The following are winners of 1st and 2nd
prizes and Grand Champions in the show:

Aged Boar — 13 shown; 1st, Ohio Chief,
owned by S. E. Morton & Co. ; 2nd, Kru-
ger, owned by Geo. W. Trone. Top
Notcher King, Kant Be Beat, Top Notcher
Again, Billie K., King of Kings, The Lad
For Me and others were lower in the class.

Senior Boars — 12 shown; 1st, Tip Top
Notcher, owned by Geo. Seckman ; 2nd,
Commodore, owned by Thos. Bennett.
Among the others in this class were Jum-
bo Perfection, Kant Be Beat Again, Gay
Advance, Searles Olympus.

37

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Junior Boars — 18 shown; 1st, Orion
Chief, owned by Ira Jackson ; 2nd, Goldie's
Top Notcher, owned by Seckman. Among
the others shown were Chief Orion, High
Chief, Belle's Chief, Matchless Chief.

Senior Boar Pigs — 23 shown; 1st, Joe,
owned by McFarland Bros.; 2nd, Perfec-
tion Chief, owned by Gilbert VanPatten.

Junior Boar Pigs — 32 shown; 1st, Top
Notcher Chief, owned by J. A. Teter ; 2nd,
Checkmate, owned by Seckman. Medoc,
Tom Watson, Lord Gold Finch, Ideal Top
Notcher, Ohio Col, He's Our Pride, after-
wards well known, were shown in this
class.

Aged Sows — 19 shown; 1st, Dotie,
owned by McFarland Bros. ; 2nd. Walt's
Belle, Morton & Co. Nellie A., Brooklyn
Mabel, Daisy Maid, Rubertha, Walt's
Model and Bessie H., were in this class.

Senior Sows — 14 shown; 1st, My Choice,
Ira Jackson ; 2nd, Moss Rose, McFarland
Bros.

Junior Sows — 19 shown; 1st, Lady Or-
ion, Ira Jackson; 2nd, Chic's Belle, Morton
& Co. Daisy Improver, Nellie Wonder
II, Orion Lady and May Advance were
sows that became great producers also in
this class.

33

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Senior Sow Pigs — 30 shown; 1st, Kant's
Best, Watt & Foust ; 2nd, Cedarville Queen
VIII, same. Orion's Choice, S. E. Model
IV., Lady Banker and others in this class
came into prominence later.

Junior Sow Pigs — 37 shown; 1st, Crim-
son Lady, by J. E. Mendenhall & Sons;
2nd, Top Notcher's Best, J. A. Teter. Our
Pride II, Queen Genevieve, Fashion Queen
XII, Cols. Belle II., S. E. Model VII., and
others in this class are well known to mod-
ern Duroc men. Our Pride II., in the
Watt & Foust herd, and later in the Mc-
Kee herd, produced excellent get.

Grand Champion Boar — Tip Top
Notcher, Reserve Champion, Top Notcher
Chief.

Grand Champion Sow — Dotie, Reserve
Champion, Kant's Best.

A perusal of these winnings will show
that the Top Notchers had the best of the
winnings. Old Top Notcher's descend-
ants were represented in seven of the first
and second prize winners: Tip Top
Notcher, Goldie's Top Notcher, Top
Notcher Chief, Checkmate (by Tip Top
Notcher), Kant's Best (dam by Top
Notcher), Cedarville Queen VIII (sired
by Top Notcher), and Top Notcher's Best,

39

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

and his progeny held Grand Champion and
Reserve Champion boar. Top Notcher
8803 was sired by Orion II., out of Duch-
ess 40th; Orion II., by Old Orion. By
adding the Jackson winnings to the above
the descendants of Old Orion led by quite
a margin.

That the public sale had come quickly
and had come to stay was evident when we
find that something like 75 auctions of
Durocs were booked for the winter of
1904-05, immediately after the World's
Fair. Several Fall sales had been held pre-
vious to that. Notably among these was
that of J. D. Nidlinger, of Decatur, Indi-
ana, on Nevember 1st, where the prices
ranged from $15 to $135, the top price be-
ing paid by Smith Brown, of Nebraska.
History was written very rapidly during
the next few months. One of the noted
sales of that winter was sows bred to
Proud Advance, averaging $80. Proud
Advance was a combination of Orion and
Protection breeding. His sire, Advance,
being by Tacoma, he by Orion Chief 6601
by Old Orion and out of Ohio Anna 10068.
Proud Advance's dam was by Malcolm
Chief 7811 by Jumbo Red by Protection
and his second dam traces to Legal Ten-

40

Colletta 3rd 179582

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Sow at Southeastern Fair,
Atlanta, 1918

Colletta 3rd
179582

'Cherry King
25979

.Orion Cherry J
King 42475 j

rCherry Chief
J 21335
) Stylish Perf.
t 3rd 59436

rOrion Chief

King1 Lady
Willetta
126342

I Orion Lady A J 13333
I 39756 1:

rCherry King
'Cherry King J 25979
2nd 37535 1 King Lady
^ 2nd 55658

("Jack's Friend
Willetta I. J. J 30379
115492 1 Willetta J.

^ 81796

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

der, a foundation boar used by Morton and
Stoner. The breed has never seen the
superior of Proud Advance as a sow sire,
and this wonderful stretch and smooth-
ness had much to do with advancing the
popularity of the breed. He was bred by
Johnson Bros, and Reed, of Iowa, was
later owned by H. C. Sheldon and the
Manleys. The highest priced sow of the
breed, and many others that sold well up to
the record top, carried his blood.

Kruger, winner of the second prize in
the aged herd at St. Louis, was purchased
by Jackson in the Trone sale for $550 in
February, 1905, and his get were widely
scattered, Iowa breeders securing one or
two of his noted sons. Nebraska Belle
sold that winter in the Brown sale (Ne-
braska) to R. J. Harding for $600, and the
next day he refused a check for $1,000 for
her from Gilbert VanPatten, who had
started for the sale to buy the sow, but
was blocked by a blizzard.

Old Orion made his owners, Manley &
Co., an average of $73 the same season.
In Ohio the breeders who had shown at
St. Louis staged a two-days public sale
and one sow of Cedarville Queen breeding

41

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

sold for $350. Others sold well up above
$100.

J. D. Nidlinger, of Indiana, had won
first at Ohio and Indiana with Hanley, an
under-year boar by None Such, from the
Stoner herd, his dam being from Echo King
breeding, and sold him at public auction
for $310 to McNeil Bros., of Illinois. Echo
King blood was later diffused in Nebraska
and became quite popular.

Crimson Wonder I Am, a son of old
Crimson Wonder 263 5 5n, was Grand
Champion, 1905, at Iowa, thus continuing
the champion record of the family begun
by his sire two years before.

Buddy K. IV., was Grand Champion of
Illinois, 1905, one of the largest, coarsest,
ruggedest sires the breed has ever known,
and while he was lacking in quality he had
many characteristics that the breed needs
— length, height, big bone and an all-over
big frame. After being used more than a
year at the head of the Ed Baxter herd,
after winning his Championship, he was
sold on Feb. 6, 1907, for $5,025 to McNeil
Bros., and today still holds the record of
being the highest priced boar of the breed
sold at auction.

In the winter of '05 and '06, in the

42

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Browning sale, Helen Blazes III sold for
$1,000, the highest priced sow at that time.
She came from a producing family of sows
and her new owner afterwards sold one
of her gilts at private sale for $1,200.
Browning's sale, in which this sow sold,
averaged $110.50 on 39 head. Eastern
sales were increasing in interest and such
prices as $121.50, paid by Col. Igleheart in
the Morton sale, and $317.50 by Thos.
Johnson in the Whitehall sale, were not
uncommon. In the Henry Allen sale in
Iowa, Allen's Maid brought $300, and R.
J. Harding bought Proud Lady by Proud
Advance for $1,275, bred to Old Orion in
the Manley sale.

The leading Fall shows of 1906 pro-
duced such champions as Oom Paul in
Illinois, a boar owned by George Trone
and sired by Jumbo Red, he by Protection.
Jumbo Red was a noted son of Protection
that went into Nebraska and did much to
popularize Durocs by producing not once,
but several times the top car lots on the
Omaha market. Crimson Wonder Again
was champion at Iowa, making three gen-
erations of grand champions early in the
history of that noted strain.

In Ohio King's Pal, by King to Be, by

43

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Morton's King, won the purple, and was
sold to Thos. Johnson at $1,000. He lived
only a few months, but left some unusually
good get, among them King Pal's Last,
a boar that headed the M. D. Harvey herd
in Indiana, and sired Pal's Prince and Col-
onade, Indiana Grand Champions; Colon-
ade being also Champion at the Chicago
International, 1912. At Illinois, Commo-
dore produced from the Bennett herd, but
purchased by Harris & Son, of Kentucky,
won the purple and was at once popular
with the breeders on account of his size,
vigor, bone and quality. He had come to
Illinois after winning at Kentucky and
Tennessee. In the winter following, his
owners made an average of $179.50 on
sows bred to him. Although he produced
some good sons and daughters, he was a
disappointment as a real herd header.

January 12, 1906, Old Orion died in Ne-
braska at the age of eleven years an un-
defeated boar. He was shown as a pig
in 1895, as a yearling in '96, and was
Champion at Iowa in '97, and a winner at
Omaha, 1898. Roberts & Son sold him to
S. E. McCullough, of Iowa, who later sold
him to Manley & Son, on whose farm he
died. The Orion Cherry Kings and many

44

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

of the Crimson Wonders of today trace di-
rectly to this great sire.

In November, 1906, a deal was consum-
mated that gave a decided impetus to Du-
roc enthusiasm, both East and West. R.
J. Harding and O. E. Osborn, of Iowa,
purchased of S. E. Morton & Co., Ohio
Chief, a boar sired by Protection, and out
of the noted sow, Duchess 40th, mentioned
in earlier pages of this history. Ohio
Chief won as a pig and as a yearling at
the Chicago Exposition in 1900 and 1901
and as aged boar stood at the head of his
class at St. Louis. He undoubtedly was
the best boar the breed had produced, as
well as the biggest, up to this time, and
although Tip Top Notcher was given the
purple at St. Louis on account of his show-
ing more excellent flesh, many at the ring-
side had picked the aged boar for the pur-
ple. In Hoarding's first sale after he pur-
chased the boar, sows averaged $98.30 with
a $730 top. Later the owners sold a third
interest to J. M. Morrison, of Nebraska,
for $2,000, the same amount they had paid
Morton & Co. for the hog. Morrison
broke a partnership agreement by selling
18 sows bred to him in one sale and Messrs.

45

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Harding and Osborn bought him out and
Ohio Chief died on the Harding farm.

Tip Top Notcher, the World's Grand
Champion at St. Louis, produced many
good sons and daughters, Helen's Tip Top
Notcher, one of the- former, selling at a
record price as a yearling at $1,000. He
transmitted to his progeny much rugged-
ness and prolificacy. Geo. Seckman, who
owned and showed him, sold him for
$5,000 to a company of Illinois breeders,
but before the hog died, Seckman re-pur-
chased him. Tip Top Notcher was by
Top Notcher 8803, he by Orion II., by Old
Orion, and was bred by R. C. Watt, of
Ohio. His sire was a winner in Ohio
shows, and his dam came from the Morton
line of Variety sows. A controversy over
the correctness of his pedigree came up
immediately after his winning at St. Louis,
and the American Association at one time
voted to not accept pedigrees from this
breeding, but the following year rescinded
their action, the directors not considering
the charge backed up by sufficient evi-
dence to warrant the former action. The
officers of the National Association found
insufficient grounds for any action, and its
Board accepted all pedigrees of his prog-

46

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

eny. Tip Top Notcher is one of the few
Durocs who boasts a marble slab to mark
his resting place. Close to the main road
on the Seckman farm in Brown County,
Ills., the headstone is plainly visible.

During the winter sale season of 1906-7
that inflation of prices that seems to come
in cycles, and which unerringly causes dis-
aster to breeds of live stock wherever it
attacks, took possession of all quarters of
the Duroc selling and laid the foundation
for the panic and depression in which
many breeders were mired. The bank
panic coming late that year, augmented
the losses and depression. No amount of
warning, nor numbers of wrecks visible
along the route of the pure bred industry
seems to be of any service in such times,
and although the breed paper threw out
signals against these "frameups" and
fictitious prices, and combinations invented
to boost prices, little or no heed was given.
We believe space given here to one of the
breed paper's articles will be well worth
the space taken, for it applies today as it
did in 1907. This is the article:

"Why readers .and breeders should get
a wrong impression from plain English
we don't know, but it seems some have.

47

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Our stand on the sale business is this: We
stand ready to encourage every breeder
who desires to make a sale of good, well
bred animals, we don't care how high the
prices are, so the money or its equivalent
changes hands. We are strictly against
'frameups' no matter whether made at
a big sale or a beginners' sale. No price is
to high for an outstanding individual with
blood lines that have shown worth. No
price is too low for a mean, inferior ani-
mal, no matter what the blood lines.
'Suckers' are not always men who pay
the high prices, for the men in the busi-
ness who have made money are the ones
who have paid high prices for good ani-
mals. 'Suckers,' so-called, are men who
have been influenced against their better
judgment to pay more than they can af-
ford to if the animal should die. If there
has been anything published by us that
can be interpreted as a discouragement to
the young breeder, please cite us to the
article. We are for high prices, but not
'balloon' prices. Somebody will stick a
pin in these prices some day, and then
what?"

Rosebud Lady sold for $1,575 in the
Briggs sale, an open Proud Advance sow

48

Pathfinder's Likeness 220343n

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Boar, Iowa State Fair, 1918

rCherry Chief

iProphetstown

J 21335

Chief

1 Fairfield Lady

146389n

I 367190n

Pathfinder

181615n

^S E 's Premier

Lucy of Elm-

J ' Col. 117563

hurst

408788n

1 Lucy Wonder
112th 296312

Pathfinder's

Likeness
220343n

f Cherry Chief
21335

fHigh Chief
J 13423
) Cherry Queen

Chief's Proud j

v. 35440

Ladv

•s

. 5T4326n

Proud Virda
^- 2nd 155950

rProud Col.
J 90909n
1 Virda Again

/

L 323854n

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

brought $500 in the Browning sale. Alix
II, the Iowa and Nebraska Champion, sold
for $2,200 in the Morrison sale. One-half
interest in Kant Be Beat sold in the same
sale for $1,500. Alix II was a sow bred
by Manley & Co., sired by Proud Advance
out of an Orion dam. She never proved to
be a real producer. Kant Be Beat was by
King Hustler out of a dam by Longfellow
6815, and was bred and shown by Watt
& Foust. He had forty or fifty Champion-
ships to his credit., and was a good boar
for his time. Ceres Belle, a noted Ne-
braska sow, brought $1,025. S. E.'s Model
30996, by Ohio Chief, a sow shown at St.
Louis and sold to the Proud Advance Stock
Co., was sold in their sale at $1,060.

Red Wonder, a Pilot Wonder bred hog,
Owned in Illinois, was Grand Champion at
Iowa, 1907, and Ruberta G., full sister to
Rubertha, the 1906 Champion, won the
female purple. Red Wonder was not an
even producer, but sired a few choice
daughters. In Indiana, Col. Scott by Carls
Col. was Grand Champion, and M. A/s
Model, shown by the Kraschels, of Illi-
nois, was sow Champion. She afterwards
sold in their sale for $1,001. She was a
line bred Ohio Chief sow. At Nebraska,

49

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Lincoln Top, shown by Putman, won the
lead, and Clay Center Belle, owned by
Briggs, was at head of the sow classes.
Lincoln Top traced to Red Chief I Am, a
Protection bred boar. Kelly's Pilot Won-
der won the purple at Ohio, and went to
Whitehall Farm where he proved to be a
great producer. He was a grandson of
Old Pilot Wonder, a Jackson show boar.
Pilot Wonder was by U. S. Duroc by
Walt's Col. out of a Lucy Wonder sow.
Inventor, by Climax II, won at Illinois,
1907. He was a McFarland bred hog,
coming from their herd to Illinois as a
pig. He was sired by II Climax, sire of
many of the McFarland winners. Gat-
ton's Perfection was Grand Champion sow
at Illinois, 1907, and afterwards sold at
auction for $1,200, a Kant Be Beat boar
selling in the same sale for $1,295.

During the winter of 1907-'08 the prices
tended to rise and among the notable sales
were Savannah Belle and her litter of Ohio
Chief pigs at the Sam Murphy sale for
$3,300, he having paid $780 for her at the
Harding sale. She was a daughter of the
noted Nebraska Belle. Ruberta, dam of
the Kant Be Beat boar, Dreadnaught, sold
to Manley & Co., for $2,500. Proud Zeda

50

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

by Proud Advance, sold in the Browning
sale, breaking all sale records, at $2,600.
A half interest in the Champion Lincoln
Top went for $2,650 in the Putman sale.
Sexsmith & Strong sold a granddaughter
of Nebraska Belle for $2,100. A sow was
sold in S. E. Morton's sale for $2,800. An
Eds Col. sow in the Jackson sale brought
$1,000. Johnson Bros/ sale in Iowa had
a $750 top. Some of these animals made
good and their progeny is still going on
record, but many were sold under enthu-
siasm and excitement and had little to
recommend them as valuable additions to
herds.

King of Cols. 16075 was ascending the
scale of popularity about this time, and a
complete history of his progeny for a
period of several years would cover a
goodly portion of the breed's history for
that time. He was bred by Carl Scott,
an Indiana breeder who did much to pro-
pagate good Durocs and incidentally pro-
mote that leading family, the Colonels.
Mr. Scott owned Eds Col, and from him
produced Carls Col. and in turn Prince of
Cols. In the Fall of 1905 he showed at
several fairs in Indiana a litter of Prince
of Col. pigs out of Love 35060, among

51

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

which was the boar afterwards known as
King of Cols. He was never better than
third, Muncie Chief and others of the litter
always leading him. When Scott had a
sale in the Fall, Muncie Chief went to Col-
bert & Stroud, of Indiana, and was the
first pick of a majority of the breeders
present. The old "War Horse," Sam Mor-
ton, attended the sale and had picked out
this undeveloped pig as one worth while,
and when he bid him in, a good many who
thought they knew hogs, wondered at his
choice. This hog brought Morton more
notice and more money than any he had
ever owned, and breeders from all quar-
ters of the hog kingdom were soon coming
to him for King of Col. get. A syndicate
of Illinois breeders offered him $10,000
at one time for the boar, but the offer was
turned down, and the boar died on the
Morton Farm in the height of his useful-
ness. Among the show boars he produced
were Chief's Col., Defender, King of Cols.
Ideal, Col. S., King Wonder, Ohio Col.
and Harding's King of Cols, and a num-
ber of his daughters were winners of the
purple. Many other breeding sons were
sent out by Morton into all section of the
hog belt to improve Durocs with size,

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

stretch and vigor. Among the most noted
of these was King the Col., but recently
dead, owned by Larson, of Iowa, for sev-
eral years. At one time there were 48
sons of King the Col. at the head of West-
ern herds, and his daughters have been
good producers and are still much sought
after to cross on top boars of the breed.

The get of old Crimson Wonder was
in the meantime in the lead in Western
herds and many prominent boars and pro-
ducing sows became noted in this work.
Among the best known progeny of old
Crimson Wonder were Crimson Wonder
I Am, mentioned in connection with the
Iowa Championship, his son, Crimson
Wonder Again (dam Orion bred). This
latter boar crossed with H. A.'s Queen
produced most of the noted Crimson
Wonder boars, such as Belle's Crimson
Wonder and Crimson Wonder III., I Am
Perfection Wonder, Nebraska Wonder,
Uneeda Crimson Wonder, Long Wonder,
I Am a Crimson Wonder, Crimson of
Crimson Wonders, Red Chief Wonder,
Allen's Wonder, B. & C.'s Crimson Won-
der, Belle's Wonder, Champ Crow and
others.

Crimson Wonder III, after winning cham-

53

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

pion at Nebraska Fair, 1908, and being used
some time, was brought to Illinois by Brown-
ing & Comer, and when campaigned again
won 1st in aged class in three of our largest
fairs. He was a medium sized hog, and
crossed only fairly well with the Colonels
and Protections used in middle section and
Eastern herds. His daughters were used in
many herds east of the Mississippi, but only
a very few of his sons proved valuable herd
sires.

Another family which deserves notice
here is the Critics. Glendale Critic, the
head of this family, was bred by E. Z. Rus-
sell, and traces through Tolstoi, and Hugh
Tucker to Protection, his dam being an
Ohio Anna sow, one of the same family
from which came old Crimson Wonder.
Malcolm Model, by Old Top Notcher, was
also used in building this family, as was
Gold Dust Jim by Liberty Jim, the latter
from the Roberts herd and tracing to Al-
lison 5267. He had another boar also
called Am Awake by Awake, a Roberts
boar mentioned heretofore. Jumbo Critic,
Glendale Critic, Jumbo Critic Jr., Critics
Echo and other boars of this line were used
to further intensify this blood. Later Mr.
Russell used Proud Chief by Ohio Chief,

54

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

injecting another line of Protection blood
in the herd. The Critic boars were shown
at Nebraska and Iowa State Fairs in their
early years by Mr. Russell and won many
high honors. Widle & Sons, of Nebraska,
and other breeders of that State have car-
ried the same blood lines to the big shows
and won coveted prizes. It is worthy of
note that the Grand Champion sows of
both National Swine Shows held so far
(1916 and 1917) were Critic bred sows.

One of the older herds of Durocs today
and one of note for the line of high class
sows produced therein, as well as a num-
ber of boars developed, and one that has
been known in the leading shows of the
East for a longer term of years than any
other, is the Mahan herd, founded by Mr.
Mahan, Sr., early in the history of the
breed's improvement, and continued by
his sons, C. E. and Pearl. Nellie Warren,
little sister to Lucy Wonder, of Colum-
bian Exposition purple honors, was one
of the foundation sows. She was by King
Keever by Ohio Bob, he by Rosemond's
Royal from the Stoner herd. Three sows
from the Abernathy herd tracing to the
Vernal sows of the Morton herd were
added early in the herd's history. King

55

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Hustler, a boar from the Morton herd and
Bon Ton, from the same source, were
boars in early use. Duchess Czarina and
Duchess Maud, sows by old Top Notcher
out of Duchess Gem, she from the O. Wal-
ter herd, were foundation blood. One of
the Protection boars they used was High
Chief by Chief of Ohio and they also had
Orion Boy by Orion II., also Top Chief
by Winchester Chief. Later King to Be
by Morton's King, out of a Protection
dam was used and Good Choice by Choice
Goods by Chief of Ohio by Protection.
From King to Be they produced King Vic-
tor and Maud Irene, well known state fair
winners. Mr. Mahan, Sr., took Champion
boar prize in the first State Fair in Ohio
with a boar of his growing. King's Lad,
litter mate to King Victor was also used.
Later they had another Ohio Chief bred
boar, Grand Success, he by S. S. Success
by S. S. Col. by Ohio Chief. Next came
Kruger's Corrector by Kruger, of St. Louis
Fair fame, and Chief to Be by Grand Chief
by Ohio Chief. In later years they bought
Fancy Col. in the Morton sale, he by King
of Cols. II., by Old King of Cols., and then
Pals Cols, by Premier Col., by King of
Cols., and The Chief Col. by Cherry Chief,

56

Grand Lady 66th 567778n

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Sow, Iowa State Fair, 1918

rGolden Model

2nd 77339

] Miss Wonder

rGrsir\a Model

^ 107692

161639n J

i

fH. A.'s Choice

W. B.'s Queen

J Goods 51197

I 1st 256858

1 Ohio Queen

Grand Lady

I 211842

66th 567778n

rGolden Model

.

rLynn's Golden
Model

130781

J 31st 125947
| Fancy Model
I- 3rd 289648

Miss Model J

2nd 402716n 1

(Model Ad-

1

vancer

Daisy S.

Choice

^ 258018

81513

Helen Wonder

234480

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Orion Col. M. by The Chief Col., out of a
daughter of Orion Chief and Florazel, the
noted show sow by Choice Goods.

The sows in this herd have always won
high places in our best shows and from
this herd many producing sows as well as
show sows went into all parts of the hog
belt. Mahan's have believed that no boar
is good enough to produce the kind of
hogs they wanted to grow by being
crossed on ordinary sows, and while they
have produced, grown and exhibited many
famous boars of the breed, they made it
possible by paying unusual attention to
selecting only the very best sows to keep
in their herd to produce this kind of get.
The Duroc breed has suffered for the want
of more breeders to carry out this same
idea.

After the death of King of Cols., Mor-
ton placed Premier Col., a son, at the head
of his herd, and he proved to be a good
producer, producing such hogs as Volun-
ter, Pal's Col. and others, and his daugh-
ters have produced many good Durocs.
Later he bought from Johnson & Son, of
Indiana, Morton's Top Col., a line-bred
boar, being by Top Col., out of an Orion
Chief dam, Top Col., his sire, being by

57

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

King of Cols., out of an Orion Chief dam.
This boar died at the height of his breed-
ing age, leaving several get that proved
him to be a sire of rare merit, among these
being American Top Col., still owned in
the Barker herd of Indiana; Perfect Top
Col., used as herd header by Morton, and
later sold to Truax; Walt's Top Col., the
latter used a good many years in the Jack-
son herd, and on the producing value of
Walt's Top Col. daughters, much of the
fame of old Orion Cherry King is founded.
Walt's Top Col. was out of a dam by
Royal Col., he by King of Cols., making
him an intensely Colonel bred boar. He
is still in use, being in the Wenger &
Studebaker herds in Ohio; Taxpayer was
another Morton's Top Col. boar and was
used by Watt & Foust, sire of Taxpayer
Thirteenth, Taxpayer's Model and others.

Orion Chief headed the Jackson herd for
several years after the St. Loui's Show.
Kruger was also used in the herd. Orion
Chief was sold to Thos. Johnson at $3,500,
the record price at that time for a boar at
private sale. He was later sold in John-
son's dispersion sale at 9 years of age, to
Messrs. Matern & Mumford for $500, and
died on the Matern farm. Jackson pur-

58

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

chased Cherry King, a Protection bred
boar, of Morton & Stewart Bros, in 1909,
and founded the famous Orion Cherry
Kings by crossing him on Orion Chief
sows, and sows by sons and grandsons of
Orion Chief. However, before this blood
line became known by that name he sold
his entire herd to Chas. Sprague, includ-
ing Cherry King, Jack's Friend, by Joe
Orion, by Orion Chief, and Joe Orion 2nd
by Joe Orion, and retired from the public
and private sale of Durocs by agreement
for two years. Getting back into the active
work after the elapse of the 24 months, he
showed Orien Cherry King and won Grand
Champion at Ohio in 1913, and from that
date until the present the Orion Cherry
King blood has been in the ascendency,
taking more Grand Champion prizes than
the Durocs of any other family of the
breed ever did. Orion Cherry King's dam
was Orion Lady A. by Orion Chief out of
King Lady, she by Chief Surprise by Chief
of Ohio a litter mate to Ohio Chief.

One of the most noted sons of Ohio
Chief, produced after Mr. Harding took
that noted hog West, was The Professor,
a boar purchased as a pig by Henry Ma-
tern, of Illinois. He proved an unusually

59

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

great breeding hog, and sows bred to him
commanded the highest prices. He pro-
duced such boars as Instructor, Grand
Champion Illinois; Superba, The Princi-
pal 4th (at one time head of Mumford
herd), and a long line of good sows. When
the hog was five years old Mr. Matern re-
fused $5,000 for him, the hog having made
his owner at least five times that amount
even at the low prices prevailing in those
days. He produced equally well on sows of
varied breeding, thus establishing the fact
that he was a real herd boar. Mr. Matern
won regularly with his get at Illinois and
the International for a number of years.
Another descendant of Ohio Chief that
came back from Mr. Harding to Illinois
was L. E.'s Valley Chief by Valley Chief
by Ohio Chief. He was owned in turn by
Sexsmith & Strong, Van Nice, L. E.
Thomas of Illinois. From him was pro-
duced L. E.'s Valley King, the sire of Illus-
trator, a boar that headed the VanMeter
herd and won grand champion Illinois and
sold to Dr. C. E. Still, of Missouri, for
$2,000, and in the latter's closing out sale
to Moats & Son, of Iowa. A litter brother,
Illustrator 2nd, went from Illinois and
headed the George Briggs herd. L. E.'s

60

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Valley King won as a pig, a yearling and
aged boar at Illinois, and was owned in
turn by L. E. Thomas, J. Young Caldwell
and Henry Matern.

For three or four years prior to the St.
Louis World's Fair, the Browning herd,
so prominent in early Duroc lore, was not
on the show circuit, as increasing age
forced the elder Browning to slack up his
work with the breed and for a time Harry
was connected with the Seckman herd.
He helped develop and show Tip Top
Notcher at the World's Fair, but soon after
that time was again managing a herd of
his own and the names Browning and
Idlewild Farm became familiar to every
Duroc man in America. Harry developed
that great family of sows the Helen
Blazes, and sold Helen Blazes III. for
$1,000, a record price, and during the next
ten years owned some of the most noted
hogs the breed has ever known. He was
a feeder, showman and builder of good
Durocs and was a leader in shows and
sales until 1915 when he closed out and
has applied himself to newspaper work
entirely. He was the first fieldman on the
breed paper in the early days of that pub-
lication and did untold good in spreading

61

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Duroc enthusiasm. He has always be-
lieved in Durocs, in gilt edged pedigree
and in publicity. When King of Cols,
came into the limelight, he and L. E.
Thomas purchased Chief of Cols., one of
the King's greatest sons, and developed
him into a Grand Champion and he proved
to be one of the best breeding boars of the
Colonel family, producing sows with high
backs and stretch with ability to produce
good litters. Browning's herd was strong
in Proud Advance blood lines. One of the
most noted sows he ever owned was Lucy
Wonder 21st, a daughter of Lucy Wonder
of World's Fair fame (1893). Her litter,
by Proud Advance, producing Proud
Fancy, one of the most noted dams of the
breed. Browning bought Defender as a
yearling, fitted and showed him, won first
at Iowa and Illinois and Grand Champion
International, 1909, and Grand Champion
International, 1910. In company with R.
L. Comer he purchased Crimson Wonder
III., a Nebraska show hog, and succeeded
in intermingling this Western blood into
his herd, which up to that time was of
Colonel, Ohio Chief and Proud Advance
breeding. The foundation of the Helen
Blazes sows, Helen Blazes 64S02n was

62

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

shipped to Iowa and mated to Ohio Chief,
giving him a Protection bred litter that
added much to the popularity of the herd.
Educator was one of this litter, and after
being used by Browning and sold West,
finally landed with the Fred Swan herd.
Soon after selling Defender he purchased
from S. E. Eakle the boar known as Dis-
turber, he having sold the dam to Eakle &
son, bred to Defender. This hog he fitted
and campaigned and won many honors.
Disturber was undoubtedly the smoothest
and largest big type Duroc boar produced
up to that time. He died soon after the
close of the fair circuit. Disturber's dam
was Lucy Wonder 112th, tracing to Chief's1
Col., Proud Advance and old Lucy Won-
der. Browning developed the Tattletale
family of sows and carried a number of
them to leading shows. These came from
the great line of brood sows Browning had
produced in his herd and many of them
were sired by Volunteer, a boar by Pre-
mier Col., by King of Cols., which Morton
had sold to Dr. Stanberry of Tennessee as
a pig. Stanberry developed and fitted Vol-
unteer and won grand championship at
Nashville, Tenn., 1911. Browning bought
him for $1,000, won grand championship

63

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

at the International, 1911, selling him to
J. W. Storm of Ohio later for $1,500, who
in turn sold the boar and his entire herd
of sows to Thos. Johnson, March, 1913.
Browning developed the public sale busi-
ness in his breeding of Durocs to a science
and held more noted auctions than any
other Duroc breeder, the most noted being
his sale of show and breeding boars in No-
vember, 1911, when he made an average of
$303.65, something undreamed of in aver-
ages at that date. Eleven consecutive sales
held by him in which he sold about 550
head made a grand average of $125.

One of the sons of Ohio Chief that went
West before Harding & Osborn bought the
old hog was Model Chief. This hog was
bought from Morton by Watt & Foust and
developed by them. As a yearling he sold
to J. Coy Roach, the man who afterwards
paid $1,000 for Helen Blazes III, the first
sow of the breed to sell at that price.
Through the efforts of the writer, Wm.
Reed of Rose Hill, Iowa, purchased this
boar of Roach and produced many hogs
that have made history for the breed, one
of which was Model Chief 2nd, Grand
Champion of Iowa, 1908. Through the ex-
cellent line of sows produced by Model

64

Perfect Defender

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Boar, Indiana State Fair, 1918

rKing of Cols.
16075
/-Defender

I Cols. 13571
< Love 35060

25893

rOrion Chief

^Lena J. 54360

j 13333
j Finch's Choice

Perfect

I I 42148

Defender

rGood E Nuff
Again

Lady Pal II \ 2"875

rGood E Nuff
I 22437
1 Our Pride 2nd

I 32528

1 Lady Pal
I 65302

fur Pal 27339
igh Chief's
Daughter
59062

HISTORY OF THETriTRO'C

Chief and his sons, much Protection blood
was injected into the Crimson Wonders
and Golden Models. .Among- tke other proi-
ducing, boars used in the^Wm. Reed herd
was ReedVBankec, a half brother.to Proud
Advance, out of >a dam by Malcolm :Chiefj,
!by Jumbo- Red by Protection. ^Following
the work of .Model Chief 2nd, Wm.. Reed
purchased Chief Select, from the Mahan
•herd, foe by Cherry .Chief and > later added
Reed's Top Coll, a; son of -Top- Col. -A soft
'of Orion Cherry -King was uSed;by him the
•past year arid a'iialf, a boaniiow owned by
•Kerns-r of Nebraska named Great Orion.
-Mr. Reed's 4ierd 'is not a large herd, but it
is doubtless the most uniform type herd in
.the United Slates, and as a real builder of
good hogs — a constructive breeder — he
[stands with few: Equals and no ^supierior.
^i One1 of the herds -whrch has cohi£ intb
•the greatest prominence nf the pdst fiv^
[years is the /herd ofrProf. H. W. Mumford
.of Ann Arbor, Mich.1 Hennas been breeding-
'Dufocs klmdst as long as^ bur1 oldest pio-
neer breeders, but was content t'6 breed
and build in his quiet unostentious way
runtil lie^had the foundation deep enough
and brGrad enough to conie before the pu!>
.lie with a .herd worthy of his pdsitibn

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

his ambitions. Owing to his position in the
Illinois University keeping him at a dis-
tance from his herd, the building has neces-
sarily been slower than if he had devoted
his entire time to the work. Away back in
the time of the early records he used a boar
by Red Jacket from the Talmadge herd
and the first recorded sow he owned was
Plissy J., from the Stonebraker herd of
Illinois. Ed's Eclipse, a boar from the
Walter's herd in Ohio and a Col. M. boar
and Liberty from the Morton herd were
later used. Then two boars by Kant Be
Beat from the Watt and Foust herd, one
of them out of a Variety bred sow and one
out of Rubertha, a winner in many fairs.
This latter boar was called Fearnaught.
Later a boar by Golden Rule was added,
and Ohio Chief Again, the latter by Good
Enuff by Golden Rule; King of Illinois
from the McFarland herd was used a year
or two. Then another Protection bred
boar, Cherry King, Jr., by Cherry King,
from the Jackson herd. This blood he
intensified by later buying Brookwater
Cherry King by the same sire. A few years
ago he added more Protection blood from
another source by purchasing The Prin-
cipal 4th by The Professor by Ohio Chief,

66

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

this boar's dam being Col. Stoner, he by
King of Cols., and his second dam tracing
to old Sensation 7393. Panama Special, an
intensely bred Colonel boar, is now being
used along with his Protection bred boars
and sows. There is probably more Protec-
tion blood in Mr. Mumford's herd than can
be found in any herd in the land. Prof.
Mumford is one of our greatest Duroc
judges and his work in the 1916 National
Swine Show did more to unify Duroc breed-
ers on proper type than any event of the
recent past.

Duroc history in the East would be in-
complete without a notice of the Johnson
& Son herd of Indiana. Among their first
noted boars was John's Ohio Chief. This
boar was out of Nellie Morton, she sired
by Morton's King. John's Ohio Chiefs
daughters were probably the best produc-
ing sows the East has ever known. They
were not a large type, but were smooth,
deep bodied, mellow and easy feeding.
Mated with Colonel boars, they have made
much history in shows and sales. Later
Johnson & Son purchased Chief's Top
Lady from Ira Jackson. This sow had been
shipped to Mortons and mated to King of
Cols., at the same time Lena J., dam of

67

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Defender, was mated to this noted boar.
From this litter came Top Col. He was
used until the herd was dispersed, when
he sold to Truax & Son of Ohio at $1,000.
The Messrs. Johnson also produced Cherry
Chief and sold him as an under year boar
to Morton & Co., and the old hog" later was
purchased by J. C. Droz, Hanks & Bishop.

Ernest Pancake of Illinois assembled a
herd soon after the World's Fair in St.
Louis and had at the head Ransom Chief,
by Ohio Chief, one of the litter mentioned
as produced by Browning, from old Helen
Blazes and Ohio Chief. He also bought
Prince Wonder, a boar by Decatur Boy of
Jackson. This was one of the most perfect
individual boars the breed has ever pro-
duced. He died whik being fitted for Illi-
nois. Prince Wonder sows were all good
producers. One of his sons, Prince Won-
der Again, was grand champion at Minne-
sota, 1911. Pancake later purchased De-
fender and in 1911 sold him and his entire
herd to East Bros, of Ohio.

One of the families that has come into
prominence in the last three years, and
which seems destined to be in the lead for
some time, is the Sensation family. At the
present writing more boars of this family

68

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

are before the public in the West than the
boars of all other lines combined. A large
majority of these boars have been bred and
developed by Wm. Moderow of Nebraska,
a hog man of the first rank. The name
Sensation is not new for we find back in the
early years of the breed the old boar Sen-
sation 7393, sired by Orion R. by old Orion,
Orion R. being farrowed in the Robert's
herd and sold to Moorman of Indiana, one
of Indianas pioneer breeders. Sensation
was out of Hoosier Girl, a daughter of
Winchester Chief, and the latter Is out of
old Duchess 40th, the dam of Ohio Chief
and Top Notcher. Sam Stewart of Ne-
braska secured a son of Sensation from
D. W. Brown of Indiana who had pur-
chased old Sensation from Moorman and
used him in his herd a number of years.
This young boar, called Chief Sensation,
was out of a sow that came from the Trone
herd in Illinois and whose lines trace to
Trones Hero, a winner at Chicago, 1893.
One of the noted sows produced in the
Stewart herd from this boar was Sensa-
tion Girl, her dam a great granddaughter
of old Top Notcher and Gold Dust Jim,
the latter a Roberts and Russell bred boar
that produced much improvement in Ne-

69

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

braska and Iowa Durocs in his time. Sen-
sation Wonder and Sensation Wonder II
came from a mating of Sensation Girl, with
Wallace's Wonder, one of the many noted
Crimson Wonder boars that came out of
the cross of H. A.'s Queen with Crimson
Wonder Again. Sensation Rose, the dam
of Great Sensation (Kern), King Sensa-
tion (Labert), and Top Sensation (Mode-
row & Toelle) is by Sensation Wonder,
out of Red Rose, carrying a combination of
Protection, Orion and Kruger breeding.
The name Sensation has been used with
all the prominent boars of that line, al-
though they are as much Crimson Wonder
as they are Sensation bred. Wallace's
Wonder was produced by Wm. Sells from
the Henry Allen boar, Crimson Wonder
Again. Clarence Wallace produced Sensa-
tion Wonder from Wallace's Wonder and
Sensation Girl. Sensation Rose was mated
by Moderow to Great Wonder I Am and
produced the three Sensation boars men-
tioned in the first of this paragraph as well
as many others of less note and some ex-
cellent sow stuff. Great Wonder I Am
carries eight crosses of Protection breed-
ing, seven of Crimson Wonder, two of
Golden Model blood as well as a touch of

70

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Orion and Critic lines. Great Wonder I
Am's top lines trace back as follows: Great
Wonder I Am, Great Wonder, B. & G.'s
Wonder, P. V.'s Wonder, Lincoln Won-
der, Ohio Chief and Protection, the name
"Wonder" in this line coming from the
dam of Lincoln Wonder, Morrison's Peach,
a daughter of old Crimson Wonder, a
noted sow of her day. The family of Sen-
sations came prominently before the gen-
eral public at the 1915 Nebraska Fair,
when under year boars by Sensation Won-
der 2nd won 1st, 2nd, 4th and Junior
Championship at the show. Since that
time the ascendancy of this line has been
rapid and some of the largest boars and
some of the best sows of the breed carry
this line.

The line of breeding known since 1912
as the Defenders is really an intensifying
of the Orion and Colonel blood. This De-
fender blood has been linebred and inbred
by the McKee Bros., who purchased old
Defender in 1913 and have continued to
improve and perpetuate this line. They
have proven themselves real swine build-
ers, and have produced a type peculiar to
that blood line and a type that conforms
in every particular to the large, stretchy,

71

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

high-backed hog which all breeders are
striving to produce. They had in their herd
as foundation material, sows of Ohio Chief,
Golden Rule, Proud Advance, Orion Chief
and Colonel lines, and produced many
noted boars by these matings, but are now
mating Defender boars to their Defender
bred sows and have continually increased
the size of their breeding animals, retained
their prolificacy and produced one of the
most prepotent lines of breeding which
.the breed has ever known. The Defenders
are more intensely bred than any other
family of the breed. Possibly the best
boars and sows produced in this herd have
been from the cross of Defender blood,
with granddaughters of Cherry King, al-
though the writer has contended that one
of the best breeding sons of old Defender
was Pilot Defender, his dam by Kelly's
Pilot Wonder, a grand champion of Ohio
several years ago.

Another of the boar progeny of the
Crimson Wonders that came into promi-
nence is old Model Wonder 53981 by Crim-
son Wodner I Am, out of a dam tracing
to Pericles of the Roberts' herd. Pericles
by old Orion. Hanks & Bishop bought this
Wonder boar from U. G. Davidson and used

72

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

him in their herd following Top Notcher
Again by old Top Notcher and other boars.
From Browning they purchased Proud
Col., a boar sired by Chief's Col., and out
of old Proud Fancy by Proud Advance,
and produced a wonderful lot of big,
smooth brood sows. Later they purchased
the old sire, Cherry Chief by High Chief, by
Ohio Chief, and a few years ago followed
with Pathfinder, one of the largest boars of
the breed, a boar carrying the blood of Pro-
tection and the Colonels, his sire being Pro-
phetstown Chief by Cherry Chief by High
Chief by Ohio Chief by Protection. His
dam is by S. E/s Premier Col., by Premier
Col. by King of Cols., his second dam by
Orion Chief.

We have, several times in the history,
referred to Cherry Chief 21335 and his
progeny play an important figure in mod-
ern Duroc history. He was sired by High
Chief, he by Ohio Chief and was out of
Cherry Queen, she by Baker's Bred Right,
the latter boar carrying the same blood
lines as old Orion. Johnson & Son of In-
diana bought Cherry Queen and after-
wards had her bred to High Chief. In No-
ember, 1907, Morton & Co., a firm com-
posed of S. E. Morton & Stewart Bros.,

73

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

bought him and had him on their farm
until he was six or seven years of age,
when they sold him to J. C. Droz of Iowa,
who in turn sold him to Hanks & Bishop.
Among noted hogs sired by him were
Chery King, one of the foundations of the
Orion Cherry Kings; Cherry Chief II,
owned a number of years by Trios. Johnson
of Ohio; The Chief Col., at head of Mahan
herd and later sold to Bartley and to Ger-
laugh; Chief Select, a boar sold by Mahan
into Iowa, and used in the Reed herd and
other prominent herds in that state.

One of the Duroc blood lines that was
on the top round of popularity for a time,
and a strain that showed as much easy
feeding qualities as any the breed ever de-
veloped, was the Golden Rules, perfected
and produced in the Watt & Foust herd
and carried by them to many high honors
in the Ohio State and other shows. Golden
Rule was sired by Choice Goods, a Protec-
tion bred boar in the Jackson herd, the dam
being Mayflower, a sow tracing to Col. M.,
the foundation of the Colonel family.
Golden Rule produced Choice Rule and
Good Enuff, both Grand Champions at
Ohio, and Good Enuff produced Good
Enuff Again, also Champion at the same

74

Fancy Orion M. 2nd 277198

Grand Champion Duroc Jersey Sow, Ohio State Fair, 1918

/•Fancy Col.

27427

rKing of Cols.
J 19921
| Fancy Finish

,-Fancy Col. ->

v. 164072n

2nd 61005 Highland
Lady 3rd

rHighland
J King 29217

I 120876

] Lady Ideal

Fancy Orion

^ 3rd 72252

M. 2nd

277198

{Premier Col.

fPal's Col.
29167

24965
Pal's Belle

- / . •

i
1

52960

•

Fancy Orion -s

<• M/196184
Fancy Orion
I 3d 120886

rFancy Col.
J 27427
| Goldie Orion

L 65922

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

state fair in 1910. The latter was sold to
W. H. Robbins of Ohio for $1,000 and this
boar weighed 925 pounds at 17 months of
age. Good Enuff Again produced Burke's
Good Enuff, a winner as a pig at Inter-
national and was sold to C. F. Burke of
Colorado. He won grand championship at
Colorado and afterwards was sold to
Economy Stock Farm, Iowa, and won for
them grand champion at Illinois, 1915, and
was used extensively in that herd. Good
Enuff was also sire of Pride Enuff, used in
the McKee herd a short time. The blood
line of these boars, produced by Golden
Rule, was founded on the noted Cedarvale
sows in the Watt & Foust herd.

In the McFarland herd of Missouri the
name Wonder has been extensively used.
This does not come from the Crimson
Wonder name, but from the fact that they
purchased some years ago descendants of
old Lucy Wonder, Grand Champion at
Chicago, 1893. They purchased at one
time six gilts of this breeding from O.
Walter & Bro., that were sired by Long-
fellow, Jr., by Old Longfellow 6815, and
were out of a grand daughter of Lucy
Wonder. They also used Oom Paul from
the Trone herd, a grandson of Jumbo Red.

75

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Also Gold Finch, a boar with same blood
lines as old Orion. They won grand cham-
pionship at St. Louis with Dotie, a sow
they had purchased of C. R. Doty and the
following year had her mated to Tip Top
Notcher and since that time boars of this
latter breeding have been used in their
herd.

76

SOME CHAMPIONS OF THE PAST

B. & C's Col. 80587n (Col. Carl 19265a)
was full brother to King of Cols. He was
grand champion of Iowa and Illinois, 1909,
shown by Baxter & Comer.

Rosemary Duchess, by King of Cols.,
champion sow of Ohio, 1908. Sired by
King of Cols., and was owned and shown
by Whitehall Farm, Ohio.

Col. S., by King of Cols., was grand
champion, Kentucky, 1908, shown by
Whitehall Farm.

Much Col., by Chief of Cols., he by King
of Cols., champion, Indiana, 1909, shown
by D. W. Brown.

Miss Orion, by Orion Chief, champion,
Indiana, 1909, shown by Mahan.

Medoc, Jr., grand champion, Nebraska,
1909, and grandson of Kantbebeat, out of
a Reed's dam, shown by Van Patten.

Golden Queen, grand champion sow,
Nebraska and Sioux City, 1909; shown by
Waltemeyer.

King of Col's. Ideal, by King of Cols.,
grand champion, Ohio, 1909; shown by
Cline.

Duchess Czarina 4th, grand champion,
Ohio, 1909, sired by Top Chief, by Win-

77

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Chester Chief and out of a dam by Choice
Goods, by Chief of Ohio, litter brother to
Ohio Chief, second dam by old Top
Notcher, shown by Mahan.

Crimson Jewell, grand champion sow,
Iowa, 1909, sired by Ohio Chief, out of a
Proud Advance dam; shown by Hanks &
Bishop.

Freed's Col., grand champion, Iowa,

1910, sired by Prince of Cols., shown by
Freed and afterwards owned by Freed &
Harding.

Golden Queen 3d, grand champion sow,
Iowa, 1910, sired by Golden Model 2nd,
out of a dam by Model Chief, by Ohio
Chief; shown by Waltemeyer.

Belle's Crimson Wonder, grand cham-
pion boar, Nebraska, 1910, sired by Crim-
son Wonder Again, out of a dam by Savan-
nah Belle's Chief, by Ohio Chief; shown
by Barnes.

Jack's Friend, by Joe Orion, by Orion
Chief, grand champion, Ohio, 1911. Dam
by King's Pal, by King to Be; shown by
Jackson.

Pal's Prince, grand champion, Indiana,

1911, sired by King Pal's Last, by King's
Pal, dam by Prince of Cols.; shown by

78

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Harvey and sold to Sprague of Ohio for
$1,010.

Colonade, full brother to Pal's Prince,
grand champion, Indiana and Interna-
tional, 1912. Shown at Indiana by Harvey
and sold to Goodwin, Illinois, for $900 and
shown by Goodwin at International.

Mc's Dream, grand champion sow, In-
ternational, 1911, and Wisconsin, 1912,
Illinois, 1913, sired by Fancy Orion Chief
by Orion Chief; shown by Browning.

Mo. Model Top, a grand champion Mis-
souri, 1911, sired by Model Top, by Golden
Model ; shown by Sheley & Clatterbuck.

High Model by Golden Model 2nd, out
of an Ohio Chief Dam, grand champion,
Iowa and South Dakota, 1912; shown by
Waltemeyer and afterwards sold to
Shanks, Minnesota.

Chiefs Maid by Valley Chief, by Ohio
Chief, out of a Top Notcher Again dam;
grand champion sow at Iowa, 1912; shown
by Davis.

Col's Pilot Wonder, by Kelly Pilot
Wonder, by Brock's Wonder, by Pilot
Wonder, grand champion, Ohio, 1912;
shown by McLaughlin and sold to Smith
& Rogers for $1,250.

Critic B., by Dusty Critic, by Glendale

79

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Critic, grand champion, Nebraska and
Kansas, 1912; shown by Danford and later
owned by Widle.

Sunbeam Girl, by B. & N. Chief, dam by
Neb. Critic, grand champion sow, Ne-
braska, 1912; shown by Hansen.

Valley King, by Valley Chief, by Ohio
Chief dam, by Top Notcher Again, grand
champion, Iowa and Nebraska, 1911;
shown by Harding.

Orion Cherry King, grand champion,
1913, shown by Jackson.

Fancy Flo, by Fancy Col., grand cham-
pion, Ohio and Kentucky, 1913; shown by
Mahan.

The Chiefs Model, by Cherry Chief,
grand champion, Indiana and Kentucky,
1913; shown by Mahan.

Big Wonder, by I Am Crimson Won-
der, out of a Kruger bred dam, grand
champion, Iowa, 1913; shown by Stevens
and sold to Economy Farm.

Golden Model 34th, by Golden Model
2nd, grand champion, Nebraska, 1913.

Fancy Advance 2nd, by Wallace's Won-
der, by Crimson Wonder Again, grand
champion sow, Nebraska, 1913, shown by
Wallace.

Illustrator, by L. E.'s Valley King,

80

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

grand champion, Illinois, 1913; shown by
VanMeter.

Lady Climax by II Climax out of Dotie,
the St. Louis grand champion sow, grand
champion, Missouri, 1913; shown by Mc-
Farlands.

Nebraska Belle, grand champion, Ne-
braska, 1904, sold to Harding for $600, a
record sow price at that time.

Joe Orion 2nd, grand champion, Inter-
national, 1913, by Joe Orion, by Orion
Chief; sold by Sprague to Enoch's Farm
at eight years of age at $5,000.

Grand Model, grand champion, Iowa,
1914; shown by Waltemeyer and retained
in their herd as herd header until his death.

Golden Queen 35th, grand champion
sow, Iowa, 1914; shown by Waltemeyer.

Echo's Crimson Wonder, grand cham-
pion, Nebraska, 1914; sired by Van's Crim-
son Wonder, by Crimson Again dam, by
Echo's Top King.

Imperator, grand champion, Kentucky,
1914, sired by Fancy Col., by King of Cols.
II, by King of Cols; dam by Col. J., by
Tippy Col., by Prince of Cols. ; shown by
Williams, sold to Mayfield Farms.

Royal King by Orion Cherry King,
grand champion, Ohio, 1914; shown by

81

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

Jackson and sold to Johnson Bros., Minne-
sota, for $2,650.00. "

Critic D., by Critic B., grand champion,
Nebraska, 1915; shown by Widle.

Grand Lady, by Grand Model, grand
champion, Nebraska, 1915; shown by
Waltemeyer.

Golden Queen 16th, by I Am Golden
Model 2nd, grand champion, Iowa, 1915;
shown by Waltemeyer.

Model Select 2nd, by Model Select, by
Chief Select, by Cherry Chief, grand cham-
pion, Iowa, 1915; shown by Spencer.

Gold Certificate, by Gold Bond, by Good
Enuff Again, grand champion boar, Ohio,
1915; shown by Robbins.

Pal's Lady, by Pal's Col., grand cham-
pion, Ohio, 1915; shown by Gerlaugh.

Taxpayer Thirteen, by Taxpayer, by
Morton's Top Col., grand champion at
San Francisco, 1915.

Crimson Elizabeth, grand champion
sow, San Francisco Exposition, sired by I
Am Perfection Wonder, by Crimson Won-
der Again ; shown by Hoover.

Taxpayer Model, grand champion, At-
lanta and other southern shows, 1917, sired
by Taxpayer by Morton's Top Col., bred
by Watt & Foust, winner as pig at Ohio;

82

HISTORY OF THE DUROC

sold to Mahan Bros, at public auction at
$550, record price for a six months' pig;
sold in Mahan closing sale to Coldstream
Farms.

Orion Cherry King, Jr., grand cham-
pion, Ohio and National Swine Show, 1916,
sired by Orion Cherry King, dam by Jack's
Friend; shown by Jackson & Foust, sold to
Peacock & Hodge, Georgia.

Joe Orion King ("Scissors"), grand
champion, National Swine Show, 1917,
sired by Orion Cherry King, out of dam
by Joe Orion II; shown by Jackson, sold
to Pine Crest Farms.

83

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