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HORSE-MASTERSHIP

^"^ V

BY THE SAME AUTHOR

WAR WITH DISEASE

(FIFTH EDITION)

SERIES OF LECTURES ON HYGIENE AND THE

PRESERVATION OF THE HEALTH OF THE

INDIVIDUAL

DELIVERED TO THE

OFFICERS AT THE STAFF COLLEGE

Crown 8vo., pp. xvi + 130
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LONDON
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HORSE - MASTERSHIP

_ ^TTT^TT AM APPENDIX

OF
W

..P.H.

BAILLlfeRE, TINDAi^i^ f\iyiy ^OX

8, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN
1911

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HORSE - MASTERSHIP

A LECTURE WITH AN APPENDIX

INCLUDING SOME NOTES ON THE SCHOOLING OF
JUMPERS, THE BACTERIOLOGY OF COUGHING, AND .
THE DISEASES CARRIED BY HORSE-FLIES, TICKS,
AND TSETSE FLIES

BY

FREDK. F. MacCABE, M.B. (Dub. Univ.), F.R.I.P.H.

Surgeon-Captain South Irish Horse ; Late Surgeon
H.M. Field Force, South Africa

AUTHOR OF "war WITH DISEASE," "BREEDING RACEHORSES
ON A COMIMON-SENSE SYSTEM "

LONDON
BAILLlfeRE, TINDALL AND COX

8, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN
1911

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DEDICATED BY PERMISSION
TO

COLONEL THE MARQUIS OF WATERFORD

K.P., M.F.H.
Commanding Officer South Irish Horse

IN RESPECTFUL APPRECIATION OF HIS SUCCESSFUL EFFORTS
TO IMPROVE THE LIFE CONDITIONS OF

HORSE AND OF HOUND

PREFACE

Although this little book consists of a
lecture originally prepared for the members
of the South Irish Horse, and afterwards
delivered to them and to the officers of the
Dublin Garrison, it is hoped that all owners
of horses will find something of interest and
something that is new and useful by a careful
reading of its pages. The lecturer is fortunate
enough to have been able to learn some of
his experience in Horse-mastership from the
training of horses whose deeds have left
their mark on the history of the English
turf during the past few years, and as these
horses are mentioned, and their trials and
troubles in some cases related, it is hoped
that the sporting public will find these pages
not without some interest to them.

vii

viii PREFACE

Of course, the great purpose of the publica-
tion is to show how preventable disease can
be prevented in the horse, and if in the next
and succeeding years our sick lines of horses
in a state of war — i.e., picketed out or on
annual manoeuvres — is materially reduced,
and if the reports of coughing and fever
from the racing stables are of less frequent
appearance in the sporting columns, then
the object of the work will have been fully
attained.

I have to acknowledge my indebtedness to
Major J. Burns-Lindow, South Irish Horse,
for his notes on the schooling of jumpers,
which I have included in the Appendix ;
and to Messrs. Pathe Freres for the use of
their cinematograph films, with which the
lecture was illustrated.

F. F. M.

Febntary, 191 1.

HORSE-MASTERSHIP

In introducing the subject of Horse-master-
ship to the officers and men of the South Irish
Horse, I feel that while, as your Medical
Officer from the starting of the regiment under
its old name and less onerous responsibilities,
I need no introduction to any of you ; still,
when I stand up to talk to you of what is the
most important subject to you — namely,
Horse-mastership — I feel that I do need
some introduction, and perhaps, apology for
my presumption. Let me, however, before
I approach the subject proper of my lecture
to-night, first of all thank Major-General
Campbell, G.O.C. the 5th Division, for the
very great honour he has done me and
the regiment generally by his presence with
us here to-night, and, having said that,

10 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

let me apologize for venturing to address
you on this important subject. As most
of you know, all the time I have been
with you I have had, either in Ireland or
in England, from half a dozen to twenty
race-horses under my own charge and care.
I have lived for over two years at New-
market, the headquarters of the horse in his
highest development. There is no trainer —
I prefer the word horse-master — there with
whom I am not on terms of personal friend-
ship and with many of whom I have discussed
questions of horse-mastership. Add to this
the fact that, while we are now, I think, com-
plete in our list of combative officers, if you
look at the Army List you will see two
spaces that have never been filled in the
South Irish Horse. I refer to the spaces
under the headings of '* Veterinary Officer "
and " Chaplain." Now, I fear that my well-
known fondness for the horse has for ever
disqualified me — to say nothing of other
disabilities — from taking the place of your
sky-pilot ; still, I do think that my medical

ABSENCE OF SICKNESS AMONGST MEN ii

qualifications and my subsequent studies
have well qualified me to take the place of
your **Vet," and I propose for one night
only to do so, and to leave it to you to
judge how I act the part.

I have a particular reason for wishing to
act that part for you. I do not know if I am to
take it as an actual compliment or not, but as I
have lectured to you and other regiments and
officers on the subject of preventive medicine
as applied to man, I do flatter myself — we
all have our little weaknesses, and mine is
that I have prevented some of you and
others from getting sick — well, I do flatter
myself that the very small daily sick-parade
which I have to attend to while on training
compares very favourably with that to be
seen in any other regiment in the British
Army. I have learned to note, for instance,
on days when there is either "no parade " or
an interesting field-day's work to look forward
to, that it is permissible for me to stay in bed
till it is almost time to appear on the parade-
ground, for I am quite safe to have no sick

12 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

to attend to — a consideration of some im-
portance, I may add, to an officer who has
been known to sit up late calling "no
trumps " with frequency. We have, indeed,
during the whole of our eight trainings
together, been practically free from any more
serious cases for me to see than saddle sore-
ness and the results of accidents, generally
received more in play than at work. But,
while our men have been free from sickness
during the training, I cannot say the same
of the horses, and the growing number of
occupants of our sick lines has always been a
worry to me. The most important part of
my lecture to-night will be directed to show-
ing you how you may prevent all this sickness,
and as what I am about to tell you on that
subject represents the results of many years
of study and thought, I feel that perhaps
when you have heard me you will grant that
no apology is due from a Medical Officer who
for one night presumes to take on the duty
of Veterinary Officer to a regiment which
never had a Veterinary Officer of its own.

THE HORSE TO CHOOSE 13

I am sure, as we are not in any hurry to-
night, that some of you would like to learn
something of my ideas of the right sort of
horse to get hold of to master. Here, how-
ever, I wish it to be clearly understood that
I am only giving my ideas on what is, after all,
a matter of opinion, and perhaps, too, I am
prejudiced. I believe in the thoroughbred
horse, and my advice to the man about to buy
a horse is '' get as much blood as you can,"
provided, of course, that he is free of the tear-
away faults which too often follow his early
experiences, and is, of course, in other ways
suitable as to size, etc. In other words, my
ideal of the horse for your purposes is the
small thoroughbred, or, perhaps best of all,
the horse by a thoroughbred sire out of a
half or three-quarters bred hunter mare.

But you will ask. What is this ideal ?
How are we to know it when we see it ?
To that my reply is, go to a race-meeting
if you cannot get any other opportunity of
having a good look at a race-horse, and try
to get a picture of his points in your mind

14 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

before you go out to search for your mount
for the coming campaign. I myself have a
great fancy for the horses that win races. It
is said " they win in all shapes." But they
don't. You never saw a horse with a really
bad shoulder win a race. Therefore, as you
can't very often get a good look at the winner
— everyone wants to crowd round him — go to
the second or third. One of these may have
been trying to give the winner 14 pounds,
and have been only beaten by a head or a
neck ; but nobody looks at him, and you can
walk round him and thoroughly study his
points. Of course, I only want you to take
these points as an ideal, and avoid horses that
differ very materially from the type. Look
for good long sloping shoulders ; look for
horses that stand well and evenly on their
fore-legs ; look for something shorter in the
leg than Is usually the young thoroughbred ;
look for the small graceful head of the race-
horse, the good neck, and the long sloping
quarters. Indeed, it is almost a case of, in
the words of the comic opera :

COMMANDING OFFICER'S OPINION 15

" Of course you can never be like us "

(meaning by ** us " the thoroughbred type),

" Of course you can never be like us,
But be as like us as you are able to be."

It may strengthen your courage in your
choice if I tell you that our Commanding
Officer, Lord Waterford, although himself
more of a believer in the hunter than the
race-horse, likes to see the thoroughbred in
the ranks. I remember a few years ago I
sold a very beautiful litde race-horse, called
Rubric, to one of our most sporting N.C.O.'s,
Sergeant Franks. This horse was quite
capable of winning high-class races, only
that he early took it into his head that
racing was a silly game, and decided not to
try. Well, at the first mounted parade the
Colonel called my attention to this horse, as
being his ideal mount for our game. I
believe Rubric found heart enough to win
our Troopers' Race, and I saw him win other
contests of a more rough-and-tumble kind ;
but I only mention him here to show that
you will not be wrong, in your Commanding

i6 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

Officer's opinion, if you " be as like the
thoroughbred as you are able to be." It is
wonderful what an amount of weight an
apparently undemvelght thoroughbred can
carry all day and come in fresh, while the
heavy-headed, hairy -heeled, ill-bred horse
appears to collapse once he is asked to do
anything out of his usual jog-trot.

It may interest you to know, too, that the
Germans, F'rench, and Italians, whose cavalry
are now wonderfully trained, are filling their
ranks more and more with the light-boned
thoroughbred to the exclusion of the heavier
type of horse.

Now that you have fixed upon what is
your ideal of a horse, and we shall suppose
you have succeeded in finding the horse that
comes up to that ideal, you want to know if
he is sound — or, rather, I should put it, sound
enough for your purpose.

I have often been asked the most silly
questions on this subject. People appear to
think that there is some mystery about
soundness, or the want of it, that takes a

THE TEST OF SOUNDNESS 17

veterinary surgeon, or at least a trainer of
racehorses, to make head or tail of. Let me
trouble you with one definition — the defini-
tion of unsoundness, which is "the existence
of disease or alteration of structure which
does or will interfere with the horse's
natural usefulness." Now, if a horse has a
disease, such as coughing, which is an un-
soundness while it lasts, it is very easy to
detect it when you examine the horse ; and
as to alteration of structure, if you only make
a thorough examination of the joints and
tendons of a thoroughly sound horse, and
remember what his formation is like, you
will very easily note any marked difference
which is likely to interfere with your horse's
natural usefulness. The test of soundness
for your purpose is freedom from lameness
in all his paces ; and when you have tried
him in this way, it is well to put him back in
the stable, and bring him out again when he
has had time to cool off If he walks out
without any " feeling," then he is sound for
your purpose ; and, assuming that you have

2

i8 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

satisfied yourself that the horse can see all
right, and does not make too loud a noise,
and has good feet to stand on, you may buy
him if the price is right, and you have re-
ceived assurances that he is free from "vice,"
when a horse is returnable to the seller if you
find that he is given to bolting, crib-biting,
rearing up, or marked shying. In any of
these cases a horse, although bought, must
be taken back if the purchaser decides to
insist upon his rights.

Now we have at last come to the stage
when our trooper has bought his mount, and
has him in good health and sound for military
purposes. He has done this, I hope, some
months before the annual training ; and he
wants to know how to keep his horse sound,
and bring him to the camping-ground fit for
the hard work before him, and looking so
healthy and well that his squadron officer
and his Commanding Officer will cast an
approving eye on the trooper and his horse.
To show him how to do this is the great
object of my lecture to-night. The trooper

CONDITION OF STABLE 19

brings his gallant war-horse home, but before
he does this I have a lot to say to him.
What sort of a stable does he propose to
put him in ? What is to be the condition
of that stable when it is ready for the
horse ? And at this point I beg of you to
give me all your attention. It is here
that all the harm is done. You may be
disposed to say, " Oh, I can't build stables
to suit you ! I have to put up my horse
in the best I can manage." Yes, I grant
you all that, but it is the condition of
your stable I want you to change, not to
rebuild it. You remember how the length
of our sick lines grew and grew during our
last training ? You may remember, even,
seeing dead horses removed from our lines ?
Died of strangles, you said. Perhaps so.
Exposure to cold and wet, you all said, and
you speak of the awful time we had for ten
days. I say, and I hope to prove to you
before we leave here to-night, that every one
of those sick horses brought the germs of
their sickness from out of their dirty, ill-

20 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

ventilated, and dark stables, and that, had
they not had these germs on the linings of
their nostrils and throats, not one of them
could possibly have got the specific fever
from which they all suffered. No cold or
wet could possibly give that, any more than
cold or wet could produce a new animal. To
prove this, let me go back awhile, and tell
you something of the hard work and thought
which brings me before you to-night.

Some eight years ago I had a small stable of
race-horses under my charge. Coughing was
reported from neighbouring stables, and pre-
sently my horses caught it. All got a tem-
perature, in some cases as high as io6°; all
looked sick ; were coughing and running from
the nose — in a word, all had the disease which
caused the long sick lines at our camp in last
and previous trainings. I then formed the
opinion that this was a bacterial disease, and
have since proved this by taking specimens
of the nasal discharge, and submitting them
to bacteriological examination. The usual
pus-forming bacteria were found, as well as

THE BACILLUS OF COUGHING 21

a bacillus very like the Klebs-Loffler bacillus,
which causes diphtheria in mankind.

Recent experiments proved that this
bacillus lives for many months in dry dust
in dark stables, but dies very quickly if left
in the light. The same bacillus was found
in the crusts of bran round the feeding-
pots, and on the bridles of sickening horses.
Direct sunlight killed it at once, and fresh
air inhibited its growth.-^ I am trying to

1 I had intended publishing at the end of this little
volume the full notes on the bacteriology of coughing
in horses, and the isolation of the colonies of the many
micro-organisms obtained from the discharge taken
from horses suffering from cough, with notes on the
culture of some of these and the effect of their in-
oculations into other animals. This research, however,
not yet being complete enough to prove to demon-
stration which of the organisms found is the cause
and origin of the mischief, investigations are being
continued in this direction, and will be subsequently
published. The bacillus to which I refer above was
found in all cases of coughing taken from horses in
the early days of the disease, and an identical bacillus
has been isolated from the many found round all
neglected mangers or feeding-pots, so that although
the third condition of bacteriological proof has not yet
been fulfilled, I have no doubt whatever as to the true
cause of the disease. — F. M.

22 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

avoid big words, but shortly it behaved
as all pathogenic or disease-causing germs
behave, and from its behaviour I learned my
lesson. I got all feeding-pots disinfected
daily, all dusty ledges and walls weekly, all
bits immediately on removal from the horse's
mouth. I insisted upon having the top
doors of the stables always open winter and
summer, and in summer I left the whole front
of the box open. Result : I have never since
heard a horse under my charge start coughing,
nor have I ever seen one run white matter
from the nose, nor have any horses suffered
from fever or illness of any sort, except on
one occasion, and that occasion actually helps
to prove my case.

In 1907, those of you who follow racing
matters may remember, I had charge of a
most successful string of horses. Some of
you may remember it, because it was the
only training that I missed, and I am told
you had a lot of sickness. Well, in that
year I took over Rhodora and a few com-
panions with the view of winning the Middle

LET SLEEPING MICROBES LIE 23

Park and Dewhurst Plates at Newmarket.
They arrived at Newmarket all right, but
the disinfectant, *' Eukotas," which I always
used, because I found it killed the microbes
without injuring the tender surface of the
horse's mouth if a little of It got In, did
not arrive as soon as the boys I had sent
on to clean down and disinfect the stables.
Now, these boys knew that there would be
a frightful row if I could find any dust or cob-
webs about the stables. So, as they had not
any disinfectant with them, they broke one of
my rules, which Is, let sleeping microbes lie,
unless you kill them with strong disinfectants
before you disturb them. They swept down
the stables dry — in other words, they filled
the air of the stable with the germs of
coughing, and gave my poor horses no
chance of avoiding them. I at once pre-
dicted what would happen, removed the
horses to other boxes across the yard, which
I had had meanwhile properly disinfected
and cleaned ; but, alas ! in five to ten days
every one of these horses was coughing

24 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

badly, and although by means of fumigations
I got them well very quickly, and they were
able to fulfil their engagements, Rhodora,
although sufficiently recovered to win a good
trial, had not, I suppose, recovered her
strength sufficiently to win the Middle Park
Plate, and she caused me great disappoint-
ment by running very badly in it. That the
coughing microbes alone cost her owner that
valuable race was proved by the easy way in
which she won the Dewhurst Plate after she
had had fourteen days more to recover her
strength. But this is wandering very far
from the condition of your stables, although
I hope you have never lost sight of the point
or the moral I am trying to drive home. I
am absolutely convinced — and I have worked
at this problem almost ever since our last
training, for my principal Newmarket patrons
resented every year my coming over to you
for the training, and took away their horses
— that this disease, which caused so many
of our horses to earn their ^8 hiring fees in
the sick lines, which caused some of them

WHERE THE GERM GETS 25

to die, and sent home numbers of them
roarers for life — for this is the great cause of
non-hereditary roaring — is caused by nothing
but this germ, which Hves in the dirt of
stables, gets from there into the nostrils and
backs of the throats of our horses, and then
when they are lowered by the cold and
wet sets up this disease, which the horse's
strength might have been sufficient to fight
down had he been left all the time in his
warm — perhaps too warm — stable, although
they all would probably have developed the
disease when the changeable and depressing
weather of autumn set in. But my point
is that, if these microbes were not allowed
to get into the horse's nostril he could not
possibly get the disease ; and I go further, I
pledge my reputation on these matters, that
any man who takes the following simple
precautions will not have a sick horse in the
forthcoming training, and if anyone finds his
horse sick, and thinks he has carried out my
directions, I hope that he will speak to me
about it, and for our mutual information

26 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

discuss what point has been missed. Always
remember that although I discourage sick
parades and sickness amongst horses and
young people as being unnecessary and quite
out-of-date, I am always delighted to discuss
any points on prevention. My rules, then,
that I want you to adopt if you would be
sure to have a healthy horse on parade are
as follows :

1. Thoroughly disinfect the whole surface
of your stable — before you put your horse into
it — the feeding-pots, and walls with Eukotas,
Jeyes' Fluid, Izal, or any thoroughly tested
and reliable disinfectant, and the ceilings and
white parts with lime-wash. The floor should
be thoroughly swept out and fresh lime
brushed over it.

2. Wash in and around all feeding-pots
thoroughly daily with any reliable disin-
fectant— Eukotas for choice, as it does not
injure the horse in any way.

3. Leave top doors always open day and
night.

4. Have the floor of the stable exposed

RULES FOR PREVENTING SICKNESS 27

to the air, with the whole door open every
morning while the horse is out.

5. Keep your " kit " to yourself, and
don't allow anything that may have touched
any improperly cared-for horse to touch
you or your horse.

6. If your nose-bag is not a new one, have
it washed and steeped in strong disinfectant
before you use it, and allow to thoroughly dry.
Always after use turn it inside out, and leave
the inside exposed to the sunlight whenever
possible. Nose-bags require frequent clean-
ings and dryings. Caked food at the bottom
of the bag is, being dark and damp, an ideal
culture medium for germs.

Now, in a word, these six rules only
mean — get your stable thoroughly clean,
and keep it so, but you must not forget
that, when you go on a railway journey, a
horse-box is your stable for the time being.
I always sent on a boy in advance to disin-
fect the horse-box before any of my race-
horses were allowed to go on a journey.

About these rules — I do not think they

28 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

will present any difficulty in carrying them
out ; but I am sure, before you agree, you
would like to argue about the top doors
open. Many of my Newmarket friends
argued that this is impossible in winter, and
almost refused to believe that I stuck to it
during cold wet nights. They told me that
if I did I could not expect to have my two-
year-olds ready before the autumn. Well,
as I had my witnesses to prove, my horses
never had their top doors closed ; and when
I was argued with this way, I could only say,
" Wait and see." As those of you know who
follow racing matters closely, the Brocklesby
Stakes run for in March at Lincoln is the
first big two-year-old race. It is a race that
every trainer likes to win. I won it this
year for Lady de Bathe with Footguard, who
never knew what it was to be in a closed-up
box till he left me.

I may add that, in all the years I have
been training, I have had 50 per cent, of my
two-year-old charges out and under colours —
many of them winning colours, too — before

THE IMPORTANCE OF LIGHT 29

the end of May, and I never in my life have
shut out the air or the light from them. This
matter of light, by the way, is one I attach
the greatest importance to. So much so,
that in my place at Newmarket I had the
lower part of the door so arranged — the
whole door was made of strong galvanized
wire netting — that sheets of plate-glass could
be inserted in winter on the outside of the
wire netting, so as to let in the full benefit of
the sun's rays, and yet not have the horse
too cold. You remember the importance
I attach to light as being the best of all
germicides. From your point of view — for
you are not in Newmarket, where coughing
is endemic — you need only have the top
door always open, or, better still, taken away
altogether.

Many bad stable habits are at once cured
if you let the horse see out all day ; and,
when we think of it, is it not terribly bad
treatment for the poor horse to leave him
twenty hours out of the twenty-four in almost
or in complete darkness ? I should like to help

30 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

to do something towards securing more light
for the horse during his long hours of what
must be equal to imprisonment for an animal
who loves exercise and is full of curiosity
about his surroundings. Military stables, as
a rule, are fairly well lighted by means of
windows, and some of the newly-built stables
at Newmarket — such as Mr. P. P. Gilpin's
and the Hon. George Lambton's — are well
lighted ; but, as a rule, even at Newmarket,
and certainly all over the country, stables are
far too dark. Never forget that light and
disease germs cannot long exist together ;
and, were we to be by some means cut off
from the sun's rays, a few months of darkness
would see the complete victory of disease in
its war with highly organized life.

In a word, then, what I want you to do,
if you would escape coughing, fever, and all
such diseases when you go on training, is
simply to get your stable absolutely clean
before you put your horse into it ; keep it
clean, and always allow plenty of Nature's
own best tonics and germ-killers — fresh air

HIRED HORSES A GREAT DIFFICULTY 31

and sunshine — Into your stable. If you do
this really and thoroughly, you will bring
your horse to camp without any disease germs
in his nose or throat, which means that, no
matter what the weather Is like, he will get
no cough or fever. Of course, while in camp
you will be careful not to hand him on these
germs by wiping out his nostrils with another
man's sponge, which may, for all you know,
be full of the germs of cough or fever.

I hope that I may pass from this subject,
having convinced you all that It is worth
while to try my prescription of absolute
cleanliness as a preventive of disease for
horses ; and if I have succeeded in this, I
can promise you that you will all notice how
short the sick lines appear in next and future
years. Of course I know that, in view of
the number of horses hired out of dirty and
dark stables, It is impossible, as we are at
present constituted, to hope that the South
Irish Horse could do without sick lines,
except for horses suffering from the results
of accidents. But might I suggest to those

32 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

who even hire horses that they should do
something as missioners of health by insisting
upon the hiring stables carrying out my
simple directions ? You cannot succeed with
old-fashioned men and places, but it is worth
trying in view of the importance of prevent-
ing sickness amongst our fast-diminishing
number of possible war-horses. They tell me
that a few years will see us involved in a
great war with a European Power, and they
talk of '' defeat or more Dreadnotightsy As
one who has seen something of the frightful
wastage which war makes on the horse-
supply of a country, my own idea is that, if
we are to be defeated, it will not be for want
of Dreadnottghts, but for want of mounted
men and remounts for them. This is to my
mind the most difficult problem any Secre-
tary of State for War is called upon to face ;
but with these questions we have nothing to
do here. What we have to do we can do —
that is, that we know and make full use of
the knowledge of how to take care that these
horses which are placed in our charge, either

PREVENTABLE DISEASES 33

in actual war or our training for war, are
kept free from preventable disease and death
while we are in the field with them.

These diseases are, I repeat, preventable,
and if somebody should ask, as the late King
Edward asked, "If preventable, why not
prevented ?" I say that, if not prevented in
the case of the horse who lives in an easily
looked-after space, and does not mix with
other horses in overcrowded stables, the
reason is, and can only be, because man is
too lazy to protect his best friend from
unnecessary and perhaps fatal sickness.

And now we pass from the subject of pre-
ventable sickness. You have your horse and
you know how to keep him well. You must
also make him fit for the work that is before
him ; you must attend to his necessities and
comfort generally, and you must know how
to treat those accidents and little ailments
which horse-flesh is heir to — a lot, perhaps
you will think, to face in one lecture, but
really not so, as everything about the horse is
simple and common sense and easy if you do

3

34 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

it the right way. The first necessity, of
course, is food and drink, and I am not going
to assume that any of you who have paid me
the compliment of coming here to listen to
me to-night are so ignorant of the horse that
you need to be told what to feed him on.
None of you would complain to your com-
pany officer that your horse had failed to
" pick up his seed." You all know, too, that
you should always water your horse before
you feed him, but I wonder if you all know
why you should do this ? The reason is very
simple. The horse's stomach is, for the size
of the animal, remarkably small, and has a
remarkably large opening into the duodenum
or first stage of the small intestine. If,
therefore, you water your horse when his
stomach is full of *'seed," the water which
passes at once from the stomach to the
intestines carries with it much of the oats
before the latter has had time to be properly
acted upon by the gastric juices. It therefore
passes along through the animal undigested
and passes out with the waste. And this

THE NEED OF BRAN 35

very fact, that the horse's stomach is small,
gives the reason for the next hint I want to
give you, which is that your horse wants to
be fed often. Four feeds per day is the train-
ing-stable rule, and it is most important to
remember that a horse cannot go on long
journeys for hours without receiving frequent
feeds. In a state of Nature his head is
always down eating when he is not moving
about. In the artificial state in which we
keep them all horses need more or less bran.
If you give plenty of this with an occasional
addition of linseed oil or well-cooked linseed,
you will keep your horse in such a state of
health that he will never need any medicine.
I may tell you here that I thoroughly dis-
approve of all medicine, as being not only un-
necessary but harmful to the horse. Watch
the state of his droppings and give and keep
giving as much bran and linseed as you can
get the horse to take, while keeping his
droppings from getting too soft. Of the two
states it is far better to have them too soft
than too hard. A horse suffering from con-

36 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

stipation is never well or fit for work. If
you must give medicine, give linseed oil or a
couple of ounces of Epsom salts in a bran
mash. I always mix plenty of chaff with
the oats which, for most horses, are best
crushed. If you give plenty of chaff the
horse must chew his oats properly and
thoroughly, and, as I explained to you in my
lectures on " War with Disease," the most
important and essential part of digestion is
carried on in the mouth. Unchewed food is
never digested, and this is particularly the
case with the horse who has splendid grinders
for the purpose. These grinders, by-the-by,
sometimes require a little filing, and I have
known bad (apparently) horses converted
into good ones by a little attention to the
state of their mouths, and, indeed, in the case
of young horses, I have seen the simple
removal of lampas from behind the incisor
teeth cause immediate improvement in form.
About hay, give as much as you find your
horse eats, and give it to him as good as
you can afford to buy. Don't give spiced

SELECTION OF HAY 37

hay or hay showing the least sign of mould
or smelling in the least bit that way. This
tends to upset your horse's digestion. We
in training stables pay great attention to our
hay supply. Horses seem to run into form
when they get hay that they really like, and
to lose it as soon as they cease to enjoy their
hay. You will find the use of hay nets a
great saving, as they prevent waste which
otherwise always goes on if hay is thrown
loose in a box or stable ; and, of course, out of
doors they are, I consider, a necessity, as they
prevent all chance of your horse's supply of
hay being taken off by the wind, a result
which is otherwise sure to happen. Hay to
a horse is like bread to a man ; he wants
plenty of it, good and sweet, with each meal
and between meals, otherwise he overgorges
with oats and suffers from indigestion.

With that remark we pass from the diges-
tive system, and having that in order, we
now can consider what training our horse
requires to make him fit for his military work.
Here so much depends upon what the horse

38 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

has been doing before he came into your
hands it is impossible to lay down anything
like hard-and-fast rules. I can only give
you the general hint by reminding you of the
old saying : "It is not the miles we travel,
but the pace that kills." That should be
always ringing in your head when you are
training your horse for military work. You
won't overwork him as long as you keep
slow, and notice how he gradually begins to
sweat less freely and show anxiety for
faster work as he gets more and more fit.
A horse enjoys his work, and you should keep
him out of doors as long as you can. Two
hours every morning and half an hour in the
afternoon is my training-stable rule, but you
ought, if you can, get your horse able to do
three hours every morning, varying the work,
walking, now trotting, now leading him,
occasionally a slow steady canter, and then
his head down to pick grass.

This last, by the way, is one of the little
things that tells with a horse. He likes
being made much of, and I strongly advise

HOW TO EXERCISE 39

every trooper to spare himself no trouble to
become " pals " with his horse and get to
understand him thoroughly. This will pay
you well and you will find, if you try it, that
the horse, and particularly the thoroughbred
horse, has far more brains and affection for
his master than most people are disposed to
give him credit for. A horse that has been
really well looked after by his owner will
almost speak and will certainly make you
understand what he wants and that he is
thankful for what he gets. A horse is, I
find, always anxious to please, and although,
when he is well, he may wish to play in a
way you do not want or appreciate, still to
my mind all the vice and badness in a horse
is put into him by bad management and
darkness.

After exercise comes grooming, and here
again I presume that all my hearers have
had practical lessons and do not wish to
waste time talking about it. One thing only
1 must say, and that is that I am a believer
in what is called the ''American system" of

40 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

grooming — that is, get the horse thoroughly
clean in every part of him and then don't
worry him any more. The object of groom-
ing is to get the skin clean, so that it may
perform its functions unimpeded by any dead
skin or dirt which would otherwise stop the
pores ; and when you have got your object
attained, I think it is a mistake to go on, with
the idea of massaging the horse's muscles.
Exercise in the open air is the best massage ;
and about the so-called '^ American system "
of looking after horses, I should like to say
one word. It consists of open top doors ; no
rugs in summer, and in some cases none in
winter ; plenty of cut grass, and in fine
weather plenty of time spent picking grass
on the roadside. A sand-bath when the
horse returns from work, quick effective
grooming, and no worrying of the horse
afterwards, and a walk out for half an hour
in the afternoon to air the stables and vary
the monotony of the day — that is the
" American system " in as few words as I
can put it. It was first introduced into this

''AMERICAN SYSTEM " OF TRAINING 41

country by Huggins and the Messrs. Duke
and Wishard. They won a lot of races, and
theideas were called the "American system."
It will interest you to know that every one
of these ideas was in daily use by me in
a small stable I had out at Kilgobbin, Co.
Dublin, for years before the Americans came
to England, except the sand-bath, which I
learned about from my friend Mr. W. Duke,
as well as several other very useful hints,
particularly as to working — " breezing " and
''stepping," as he calls it — and timing horses
in their fast and steady work. I won plenty
of little races, too, but I suppose my ways
were unknown, and hence what ought to
be known as the " Irish system " became
known as the " American," and so will be
till the end of time.

The Americans, too, by the way, let their
horses' tails grow very long, and do not, as a
rule, square off the ends of them. I also did
this in Ireland before an American trainer
ever appeared in England, where, by-the-by,
the fashion of leaving the tail long has never

42 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

been taken up to any extent. You may
remember that when Orby went over from
this country to win the Derby of 1907, the
Press were very loud in their expressions of
opinion that nothing so good as a Derby
winner could possibly come out of Ireland ;
and indeed, almost the only piece of en-
couragement— if it was encouragement — we
got was the statement which went the rounds
of the papers, to the effect that "no matter
where Orby finished, he would have a long
tail behind him." He and Volodyovski were
the only two horses, I think, that ever won the
Derby with long tails ; but I am rather keen
on the long tail left to grow in Nature's way,
and, in any case, I have a perfect horror of a
docked tail — a barbarous cruelty for which I
would give a man " time " if I had my way —
or any tail so cut and squared off that it looks
like a docked tail. I got the idea of leaving
horses' tails long and flowing from seeing the
use they made of these instruments to flick
off flies during the summer months, and I
heard a traveller's tale of horses' tails which

A TALE OF HORSE TAILS 43

you may take from me as true and is very
interesting, as showing that ** horse sense "
is perhaps more rational than you may have
been indined to credit it with being.

In a district of Australia, a lot of thorough-
bred horses were as usual out on the plains
doing for themselves when a perfect plague
of flies came down upon them, and worried
the horses, as they did the men looking on,
by landing all over them. The flies proved
particularly annoying by the persistency with
which they kept crowding round the eyes of
the horses. But the horses soon formed a
plan of campaign to defend their eyes. They
lined up in single file, the first horse looking
north while the next looked south, and so on
alternately, so that each horse's head had his
next-door neighbour's tail to flick the flies off
his head and eyes. This is a perfect fact, and
not a fairy-tale. They stood in this position
for hours, and, what is more, it was noticed that
if one horse ceased to use his tail as a " fly-
flicker " for a moment, he was at once called
to order by a bite from his neglected mate,

44 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

which was perfectly understood, as it immedi-
ately caused the tail to wag again. Thus the
'' kicking-end," controlled by a reminder from
the " biting and thinking end," completely
overcame the worst effect of the plague of
flies. Another instance of " horse sense " and
horse learning and evolution is supplied to us
all by the behaviour of horses nowadays when
they meet a motor-car, electric tram or other
horseless carriage. I remember the day — it
is not so many years ago — when my brother,
now chief city engineer in Calcutta, bought
the second motor-car that ever ran in Ireland.
It was an awful production that required to
have some part of its internal anatomy made
red-hot before you could start it. He took
me for a ride on it, and we caused such con-
sternation amongst the horses as we passed
along that I registered a vow — which vow I
have long ago broken — that I should never
again drive in such abominations. I remem-
ber at the Stillorgan railway bridge a most
beautiful pair of horses half jumped over the
bridge on to the railway-line. That incident

INSTANCES OF "HORSE SENSE" 45

finished me, and I completed my journey on
foot. But take a yearling out now, or take
any country horse that has never seen a
motor-car upon our roads before. He does
not pay the slightest attention to them, pro-
vided he has been associating with horses
which have already seen motor-cars in action.
In other words, their actions leave no room to
doubt but that horses have some way of talk-
ing to and teaching each other. I can well
imagine the mare telling her foals that when
they go on the roads they will see wonderful
cars that move without the aid of horses, but
although noisy and emitting a most unpleasant
odour, she, we may be sure, tells them that
these things are harmless. I can remember,
too, although that is a long time ago now, in
the days of the old high bicycle, horses often
took fright at bicycles, and especially at
tricycles. They hardly look upon them now,
and the last horse I have seen seriously
alarmed at a motor-driven means of loco-
motion was out at Sandyford, where the
thoroughbreds took serious alarm at the fly-

46 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

ing-machines when they saw them and heard
them above them in the air. I have no doubt
but that in a few years the mothers will have
told their offspring that cars parading about
in the air need not be a cause of serious
worry as they but seldom — comparatively —
fall, and there is no case on record of their
having fallen on a horse yet, so that in future
they need not stop grazing to worry about
flying-machines. I hope, too, that when
my principles are more universally adopted
horses may even show their resentment if put
into an undisinfected stable. I am satisfied
already that they like the smell of these, and
give a snort of satisfaction as they are led into
a freshly-disinfected stable. This sense of
smell, is, I am sure, very strongly developed
in the horse. In the late war in South Africa
my first mount there was a Boer pony,
and I am perfectly convinced that he could
smell barbed wire. He certainly gave me
ample notice of it by a peculiar snort
whenever we approached it on our night
marches. But I must not wander on giving

DISEASES OF FOREIGN SERVICE 47

you these instances of '* horse sense " — which
really does exist — or I shall never get to the
end of my labours of to-night. I think I
have told you enough to show you that the
character of the horse is worth studying as
well as its habits and wants.

I should add a few words about such
diseases of foreign, or active service, as surra,
which is common in India, and which is
conveyed by the bite of a blood-sucking fly ;
nagana, or horse-sickness, of Africa, which
is carried by a species of the tsetse fly ;
the annoyance caused by ticks, the carriers
of relapsing fever in man, and many as yet
imperfectly understood diseases in horses
and in hounds. At the close of this lecture
I have arranged to show you a very remark-
able series of pictures, which I have called
*'some battle scenes from the war with
disease,"^ and when we have the actual
carriers of these diseases walking and moving
about on the screen, and the actual causes —

1 I am indebted to the kindness of Messrs. Pathe
Fr^res for the use of their ultra-microscopical cinemato-
graph films with which this lecture was illustrated.

48 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

the Trypanosoma Brucei and Lewisi — on view
and in fighting trim, I shall say more about
them. When you see, for instance, the ap-
palling battle which goes on in the blood
between the trypanosomes and the white
corpuscles in the blood of rats dying of
sleeping sickness, you will, I feel sure,
resolve, if you go on active service, to take
every possible precaution to protect yourself
and your horse, as far as possible, from
the attentions of ticks and tsetse flies, and
even from horse-flies. This is an extremely
difficult problem, but you can do something
with a " fly-flicker," always handy and in use ;
and no one should ever travel without a
bottle of disinfectant with which to wash
off ticks as soon as they are seen on a
horse's flanks. When washed with dis-
infectants they at once drop ofl". If pulled
off, their nippers are sure to remain in the
tissues, and cause a small open sore, which
sometimes is the starting-point for the
inoculation of another disease. I should
like, too, to get reports from any of you

HOW TO KILL TRYPANOSOMES 49

who may happen at any time to have an
opportunity of trying the idea of your carry-
ing with you a small box of the ointment I
recommended to you in " War with Disease "
as a preventative of syphilis — i.e., an oint-
ment consisting of one part calomel and two
parts lanoline. If you rubbed this well into
the site of the bites of the tsetse, horse-flies,
or ticks, it seems certain that the trypano-
somes would be killed before they could get
too deep and multiply. It is an interesting,
though a useless, piece of consolation for
you to know that the ticks, like the mosquito,
which I shall show you in life and motion
to-night, are always female. The females
of these alone suck blood. The male dies
practically immediately after he has com-
menced married life. In insect life, indeed,
the rule generally is to treat the male
horribly badly. The female spider, for
instance, eats her husband as soon as he
has done his duty by her ; and the female
scorpion out-Crippens Crippen by tearing her
*'worser half" into several joints and frag-

4

50 HORSE- MASTERSHIP

ments, which she proceeds to scatter about
and then eat up ; while the drone bee, if he
succeeds in captivating a queen on the wing,
actually dies in the act ; and if he fails to
capture a queen, and wishes to remain a
bachelor bee, living on honey which he does
not help to gather, he is stung to death by
the suffragettes — I mean the working bees,
which are sexually undeveloped females.
The female tick, too, is of interest to us here
in Ireland, because an epidemic of relapsing
fever, which she, as well as the common
louse, is the carrier of, was described as long
ago as the time of Hippocrates, that great
physician having well described the symptoms
and physical signs of the disease. From his
time the disease dropped out of medical
literature, until it was re-described at the close
of the eighteenth century as a peculiar
*' Dublin fever." It was very common in
Ireland during the famine years, and up to
the present day ticks give a fever to hounds
in this country which is pretty sure to be
caused by a spirochaete, such as you will

FIGHTING INCIPIENT DISEASE 51

see presently on the screen. The tsetse
fly, which you will also see, may be either
male or female. Both suck blood freely,
the tsetse fly being one of the very few flies
which does not lay eggs, but carries her
young and feeds them on blood till they are
through the larva and ready to enter upon
the pupa stage. I like to mention these
little points, because one of the most gratify
ing results of my former course of lectures
has been that I have received such interest-
ing letters from former members of the
regiment who have gone to other countries,
and are kind enough to write to me of their
experiences of fighting disease and of dealing
with accidents where surgeons are hopelessly
ungetatable. To know how disease is caused
is generally to avoid it, if you will take the
trouble. The Trypanosoma Brucei, which I
shall also show you on the screen, alive and
full of motion, is the cause of horse-sickness,
which those of you who have followed
history in South Africa must have read
much of. But this, I fear, is all wandering

52 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

with our heads down, picking at the fresh
spring grass, and thinking of forms of life
which are much lower than the horse ; and
as there is still much to say before we can
be said to have completed the subject of
horsemanship, so the order is once again,
** Stand to your horses."

Now we have learned to feed our horse,
to exercise him, to groom him, and to
know something about his character, and a
little of the parasites which may get into his
blood and destroy his health. What remains
but to know how to treat the results of
accidents and those minor ills and discom-
forts which horse-flesh is liable to suffer
from ?

Let me dispose of the results of accidents
first. On these I do not propose to detain
you long. A few general principles will do
to treat all ordinary cases. I want you never
to forget that in dealing with a horse you are
dealing with an animal built in all respects
of the same flesh and blood as you your-
selves are composed of. Those of you who

FIRST AID TO THE HORSE 53

remember my lectures on anatomy and first
aid will not have forgotten that I traced the
bones in the horse to the corresponding bones
in man. Well, his flesh and blood is just the
same, too. He has the same, or correspond-
ing, nerves of sensation, and the treatment I
give you for wounds and injuries is in all
cases suitable and proper to the horse. That
is to say, if he has a cut it must be got
perfectly clean ; bleeding must be stopped
by pressure, as in man, and wounded joints,
tendons, etc., all require rest and hot
fomentations as the first condition. Nature
heals ; we only put the parts in the best posi-
tion and circumstances for Nature to do her
work. We can really do but little to aid
her, and by unnecessary interference we too
often do actual harm where we wished to
do good. In treating any injury or disease,
always be sure that you know all the effects
of the drug or treatment you propose to
adopt. If you think deeply over this, and
know enough of the actions of the agents
you propose to employ, it is wonderful how

54 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

often you will decide to leave the case to
Nature, and when you are asked by curiosity-
hunters as to what will be the effect, you
will reply in the words of the wise physician,
*' A few days will tell a great deal."

So much, then, for the results of ordinary
accidents and wounds. I still must tell you
something of the care of the feet, and the
avoidance of saddle wounds and sores on the
horse. With feet I have had a lot of trouble
in the early days of my training — sore, hot feet,
cracked heels, brittle feet, and even actual
lameness and loss of many races. Here,
again, I have learned that the secret of
health is perfect cleanliness, and the removal
of every sign of moisture from the hoof and
heels, and otherwise a policy of non-inter-
ference with Nature's ways. All the cutting
and paring of hoof and frog simply does
harm. Put on good shoes if you are doing
road work. A horse worked on grass alone
is better without any shoes, and of course
you will, whenever possible, remove all shoes
when you are turning your horse out on

CARE OF THE FEET 55

grass for a rest. But beyond the application
of good shoes by an experienced man, your
work about your horse's feet is only : keep
clean, absolutely clean, and get dry, abso-
lutely dry, before you leave him in his stable.
Leaving a horse's heels imperfectly dried is
the cause of cracked heels. I dismiss my
groom if the horse gets cracked heels. I do
not believe in washing the feet too often
When I agree to it, I always put a littk
Eukotas, or permanganate of potash, in the
water, as both these tend to soothe, and
afterwards to harden, the skin. When per-
fectly clean and dry, I always have the feet
stopped with " Leucoid," a putty-like prep-
aration which keeps them aseptic and in
health. When I began to study horses, cow-
dung was always used for this purpose. It
is still the resort of the insanitary, and only
shows into what ignorant hands the care of
the poor horse has fallen.

Now as to saddle-galls. These are always
caused by carelessly-fitted saddles, or by
saddles which have spread and lost their shape.

56 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

The principle to bear In mind is not to allow
the central line of the back to carry any
weight. The weight must be borne each side
principally on the ribs, which are protected
for the purpose by muscles.

Have I, then, not spoken of all the ills
you will be likely to be called upon to deal
with ? I think I have, except perhaps colic,
or gripes. No properly fed and watered
horse should get these. Your treatment is
at once to give a hot drink. Water with
a little flour mixed in it, and given luke-
warm, is all the treatment you should
attempt.

Do not give opiates or drugs of any sort.
You do not know enough to risk these things,
which often do one part good and ten parts
harm. Above all, when you think, or are told,
your horse's kidneys are wrong, avoid giving
nitre. This is the first resort of the ignorant
stableman. It is always given in doses which
are far too large. I have known young race-
horses who promised great things, and who,
I know, were good horses, whose careers

WHAT TO DO IF ILLNESS COMES 57

ended in that oblivion which is the penalty
in man and in animals of want of health,
because they overeat themselves, and suffered
from indigestion, and were drugged with nitre
till their kidneys suffered incurable damage.
Drugs in the hands of the semi-ignorant are
like firearms in the hands of children — neither
should ever be played with. Send for a
veterinary surgeon if anything is seriously
wrong. His opinion, at any rate, is sure to
be of use to you, especially if you can get the
opinion of an up-to-date one, such as are now
being yearly turned out by our Royal College
of Veterinary Surgeons in Ireland, or from
one of the Fellows of the College. In the old
days veterinary surgeons' treatment was too
much confined to the idea of balls or bullets.
I never give a horse a ball, except for the
purpose of expelling worms, if the state of
his skin and general health suggest that he
has them. And as to a bullet — the " friendly
bullet " as it is called — if some part of a
horse's structure has undergone such an
injury that he cannot regain his usefulness,

58 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

or any part of it, then the merciful bullet is,
unfortunately, the *' only way." A broken
leg in the horse is, I am sorry to say,
in 99 cases out of lOO, best treated this
way. The horse cannot be got really to
rest the painful part, and, even if slung, he
soon, with a broken leg, renders himself an
object of pity, from which death, mercifully
given by the bullet In the middle of the fore-
head. Is indeed relief.

I fear that by this I must have thoroughly
tired you out, so let me, before we separate,
recall your minds to the most important part
of this lecture by reminding you of a very
well-worn story taken from the classics.
You have all, I am sure, heard of the twelve
labours of Hercules, which were imposed
upon him by his enemy Eurystheus. The
fifth of these labours was to clean out the
stables of Augeas. These stables contained,
in addition to some horses, many thousands
of oxen and goats, and they had never been
cleaned out. The poor animals were buried
in their own excrement, and, although history

THE LABOURS OF HERCULES 59

does not relate it, I am quite sure they must
have been all coughing, and in a high state
of fever. Now, Hercules was a bit of a
wonder in his time, and he won great glory
from the way he executed all his labours
successfully. In this case he seems to have
had a river handy, and he simply altered the
course of it, so that it ran through the stables
and cleared out all the dung, and left the
stables and the animals clean and healthy.
Why they weren't all drowned, if the waters
rose high enough to make the stables clean,
according to my idea, I can't tell you. The
event is too far off; and perhaps they all got
a swim, and then the river was changed back
again. It is the moral of the story brought
up-to-date that I wish to impress upon you.
Go to any stables you like, and, remembering
the light which the modern microscope has
thrown on the meaning of the word dirt, and
I say the celebrated Augean stables were
not one bit worse than is nearly every
stable in the United Kingdom to-day. Look
round the corners of their mangers, along

6o HORSE-MASTERSHIP

their dusty cracks, and their cobwebbed
corners, and remember the diphtheroid
bacillus to be found there. Cast your minds
back to our sick lines at the Curragh in the
third week of our training last year. No
accurate record of numbers of sick was kept,
but I am sure there were 60 or 70 horses
there out of our 450 horses which should
have been on parade. Will you, the South
Irish Horse, act the part of the modern
Hercules, and resolve to conquer in this
labour? You have the river handy, as we
had — nay, you have an ocean of fresh air,
and streams of sunlight, only waiting to be
let in, and your horses in their prison-cells
eagerly waiting for them. These are better
than any river, if you first thoroughly clean
out and disinfect the whole of the inside of
your stables. It is original work ; no one
has ever before, as far as I know, pleaded
for the light of day and the fresh air to be
let in to the horse in his hours of darkness.
No regiment has had such a chance to be
first to do something for the health and

SUCCESS OF IRISH-BRED HORSES 6i

comfort of our fast-diminishing war-horses.
If each man can do his share — that is, to
protect his own horse from bringing microbes
into our camping-ground — the whole Army-
must notice that the South Irish Horse have
conquered disease. And in doing this you
will do something for your country as well.
We all know that Irish-bred horses win far
more than their share of races on the turf,
both in England and all over the world.
Why ? has often been asked. My answer
is — and I have visited the great studs in
England as well as Ireland — because the
Irish-bred horse gets more fresh air and less
confinement in his dark box than is ever
given in the English fashionable studs. If
to their natural freedom, which our horses
get, you add — I almost fear to use the word
— surgically clean stables — stables containing
fresh, not used-up, air and rays of sunshine —
then the example of the South Irish Horse
will have done something substantial, not
only to add to the health and happiness of
the noblest animal on this globe, but you

62 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

will also, by preventing sickness and unneces-
sary deaths, have done much to add to the
wealth of the nation, and you will score a
big point for those who have fought, and are
still fighting, to remove the insult which
enacts that Irishmen are unworthy to bear
arms except in the ''first line," or when a
state of war makes our rulers glad to take
anyone who is ready to fight.

APPENDIX

BEING NOTES TAKEN OF THE PROCEEDINGS AT
A MEETING OF N.C.O.'s AND MEN OF THE
SOUTH IRISH HORSE AT THEIR HEAD-
QUARTERS IN DUBLIN

At the conclusion of the lecture reported in
the foregoing pages, Major- General Camp-
bell, for whose very kind remarks the lecturer
has to express his indebtedness, asked if any-
one had any questions to put. None were then
suggested, but conversations during the next
few days made it clear that there were points
upon which young horse -masters desired
further information. Another meeting of the
members of the regiment was then decided
upon, and subsequently held at headquarters
in Dublin. This further meeting was all the
more necessary as, in arranging the scope of
the lecture, it had been intended to make a

63

64 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

feature of " Notes on Schooling Jumpers,"
by Major J. Burns Lindow, M.F.H., O.C,
C Squadron, South Irish Horse ; but these,
owing to a mistake in the address they were
sent to, had not been received in time. These
notes are given below ; and it may be men-
tioned that the fact was recalled, amidst great
applause, that Major Lindow had won on a
horse of his own and schooled by himself the
open jumping competition at the last Dublin
Horse Show, held by the Royal Dublin
Society in August, 1910, and had been placed
fourth at the same show in the competition
confined to the military. His instructions
on the making of jumpers are bound to be
read with great interest by all horse-masters ;
and it was pointed out at the meeting that
no horse should be considered qualified to
take his place as a war-horse unless he had
been properly schooled to jump, if necessary.
I give Major Lindow's notes as he sent them,
with a letter, in which he begged me to be
sure to make it clear that he '' only sent them
on to oblige me, and in no way wished to
appear to want to lay down the law to men
who could give him seven pounds and a
beating over any course." Readers of the

THE TRAINING OF JUMPERS 65

following can judge of the value of these
notes for themselves :

Jumpers.

Nearly every horse can be trained to
jump, I believe. Of course there are ex-
ceptions, but undoubtedly a horse which has
been bred by the breaker, and known and
loved him since foaled, Is the easiest to school.

Any remarks I am now making are to be
understood to have reference to the school-
ing of hunters. I will briefly refer to show-
jumpers later, but It Is an art apart, of which
I know little, and care almost less.

All training for jumping is better con-
ducted by interesting the animal in what you
wish to teach It than by forcing it to learn it
by punishment. No animal, including man,
puts forth its best efforts under compulsion
or through fear of punishment. There are
two " schools " of training jumpers^ — the
single-rein school and the double. Many
good men swear by each, so I do not presume
to recommend either, but personally I prefer
the single rein, as savouring less of com-
pulsion.

In the single-rein method, all that is re-
quired Is a cavesson or head-collar and a
long rope, or, better still, a web rein. The
rope or rein should be thirty or forty yards

5

66 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

long, so that it can be allowed to run through
the trainer's hands when the horse jumps,
and so avoid pulling up the animal short
immediately it lands. The rein must be
fastened to the cavesson, and on no account
on to the bit, as any unintentional jerk on
the rein would hurt the horse's mouth if
fastened to the bit, and make the horse shy
of jumping in future. As a matter of fact,
few horses require anything in the mouth at
all when schooled in the single-rein method ;
but it is sometimes better to have a head-
collar under the cavesson, with a plain snaffle
in the mouth, if the animal is very excitable ;
the reins on the snaffle are knotted up on
the neck, and not touched unless absolutely
necessary. Though I hate bandages for
hunters as a rule, I always school with ban-
dages on the fore-legs, and sometimes all
round ; young untrained horses sometimes
knock themselves about terribly at first if
not bandaged.

Now, having got your horse ready for
schooling, it only remains to choose your
country and begin. The education should
be very gradual, and a young horse should
never be asked to jump anything which he is
frightened of or doubtful about until he has
grasped the idea that when he is presented
at a fence he is to jump it, and that it is
also possible and safe for him to do so. If

METHOD IN ACTUAL PRACTICE 67

he is forced over obstacles or put down early
in his education, he may become frightened
or cowardly, and will never make a really
bold, willing jumper. When he has once
learned what is required of him, and ceased
to be nervous at the novelty of the proceed-
ings, "spilling" him will not matter, but he
will see that he isn't put down often if he can
help it.

The actual mode of training is as follows :
Taking the cavesson rein in one hand, close
up to the horse's muzzle, and with the loose
end of the rein coiled in the other hand
ready to run out when necessary, the trainer
leads the young horse quietly up to the
obstacle, and encourages him to jump " out
of hand." The trainer's assistant should
follow at a safe distance behind the animal,
and should carry a whip with a thong on it.
The less this implement is used the better,
but a crack or two keeps an unwilling animal
up to his work, and it is seldom necessary to
actually hit the horse ; if by any chance it is,
the punishment should never be inflicted just
before the horse takes off, as it will probably
cause him to bungle his " lep." The trainer
must from the first teach his horse to jump be-
fore he (the trainer) jumps, and on no account
should he ever jump before the horse : it is a
most dangerous proceeding. While the horse
is being presented at the fence, the assistant

68 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

should be most careful not to get on the far
side of the horse from the trainer, as by so
doing he would probably cause the animal to
swerve on to the man who is leading him.
If much difficulty is experienced in leading
the horse up to the fence, a snaffle bridle can
be used for this purpose, the cavesson being
put on over the head-collar. From the be-
ginning the horse must be trained to jump
everything quietly from his hocks ; almost
every sized obstacle can be got over in this
manner by a riderless horse. Later on, when
the horse jumps freely, and you want to
smarten him up a bit, you can run in with
him to the fence for the last few yards, and
teach him to jump from a trot and a gallop.

The moment the horse jumps the rein
should be allowed to run out of the dis-
engaged hand, and the horse should have
perfect freedom while jumping and until well
into the next field. Very soon he will not
require pulling up at all on landing, but will
stop of his own accord and graze. Some
horses have a trick of swerving on to the
man who is leading them at the moment
they should take off; for this reason the
trainer should carry in the leading hand a
light switch, and if the horse tries to swerve
towards him tap him smartly on the muzzle.
One or two taps will soon prevent this trick,
and if the horse tries to swerve in future it

DOUBLE-REIN OR DRIVING METHOD 69

will be away from the trainer and not on to
him ; this is easily prevented by the rein.

As far as I can, I have in the above
remarks touched on any distinctive features
of the single-rein method, and will now go
on with the double-rein or driving method.
For this way two light ropes or reins are
attached, as in ordinary driving, to the rings
of the snaffle, and carried back through a
" D " on either side of the surcingle, each
" D " being well down the horse's ribs to give
greater power, and not on top of the back.

The trainer then takes a rein in each hand
— he must be careful on no account to join
the loose ends — and, walking as close behind
the horse as safety permits, he drives the
horse towards the fence it is to jump. The
loose ends of the reins are allowed to trail
on the ground ; the reins should be of suffi-
cient length to avoid pulling up the horse
immediately he lands. On arrival at the
obstacle, when the horse jumps the trainer
allows both reins to run through his hands
until the horse is well into the next field,
and then, by gradually putting pressure on
one rein only, brings the horse round in a
circle and stops him. Should a horse at any
time fight or try to bolt, by dropping one
rein and keeping tight hold of the other, he
can be brought round in a circle, and kept in
it until he becomes amenable again.

70 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

I forgot to mention that the surcingle,
which I previously mentioned in the double-
rein method of schooling, is in Ireland
generally omitted, and its place taken by a
saddle with leathers and stirrups. These
latter are secured under the horse's belly by
a strap or cord, and the driving-reins are run
through the stirrup - irons instead of the
" D's." Such, briefly, is the double- rein
method, which its patrons claim gives them
greater control over a horse than the single
rein. I cannot but think, though, that if all
horses were schooled carefully on the single
rein, the control which is claimed for the
double rein would not be required. It is
urged against the double-rein method that,
owing to the control of the horse being
accomplished through the medium of the
mouth, horses are liable to be made shy of
jumping through being jerked in the mouth,
either when they fall or when any accidental
tightening of the reins takes place.

All that has previously been said about
care in selection of obstacles, the gradual
increase in the size of the fences, and not
hurrying or forcing young horses, applies
equally to either method of schooling, and
in both cases kindness is the only real
method of successfully teaching jumping.
A young horse should always be encouraged
rather than scolded, and should be petted

NECESSITY OF CHANGE OF COUNTRY 71

and made much of when he has done what
is asked him.

Finally, whenever you are schooling, never
go alone, and never school on fences which
you don't know both sides of, or, better still,
have looked at both sides of. The first
precaution is necessary, because any accident
to yourself — such as a sprained ankle from
jumping — puts you in a very unpleasant
position if there is no one with you, as does
an accident to the horse if your presence
with him is required and you have no one
to send for assistance. The second pre-
caution may save you a promising horse
which would otherwise have jumped into a
trap and been injured.

There is just one other thing which I
want to mention, and that is, change your
country as often as possible when schooling,
and never disgust a horse by jumping him back
and forward continually over the same obstacle.
After a horse which has been schooled by
either of the above methods has acquired
confidence and knows how to look after
himself, you can put up a quiet horseman on
him. Begin again from the beginning with
small obstacles and at a walk, and gradually
increase the size of the jump and then the
pace. I forgot to mention earlier that broad
banks should be chosen always for the
first lessons ; narrow banks at this time of

72 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

the horse's education are apt to make him
fly them, which is fatal. Any horse which
can jump banks can be taught to fly later,
but the converse by no means holds good.

After you are satisfied that with a man up
the horse can be taught nothing further,
send him out with hounds, but insist on the
man riding him quietly. On no account let
him be shoved along for several weeks, or
you will almost to a certainty make him pull.

Now just a few lines on show^ -jumpers,
which I am even less qualified to write about
than hunters.

The class of jumper (as far as I can learn
from the foreigners, who know much more
about it than we do) that scores in the show
ring is an animal with a certain natural
balance and carriage during the act of jump-
ing. Of course he must be a good performer
in the sense of getting over the obstacles
correctly and safely, but it is his carriage
which scores from other equally good jumpers
in the hunter sense. A blood horse seldom or
never has this carriage, which is another argu-
ment to my prejudiced mind showing what
a poor game show-jumping is. It is impos-
sible, I believe, to drill this particular carriage
into a horse, but all good show-jumpers over
the class of fences they meet in Olympia are
constantly put over the obstacles the show-
jumper is required to negotiate. (These

TRAINING OF SHOW-JUMPERS 73

obstacles, as far as the ordinary hunting man
can see, are specially selected as being the
most unlikely things that a horse will ever
be required to jump outside of a show-ring.)
During this training abroad, where the most
successful show-jumpers are taught, I believe
it is no uncommon thing for considerable
cruelty to be exercised.

When writing of show-rings, of course I
am not alluding to Balls Bridge, or the
majority of Irish shows, where horses and
riders get as nearly as possible a natural
country. Even here, however, the show-
jumper with carriage will score from an
equally good jumper without it, but it by
no means denotes that he is the best hunter.

Having by now, if any of my readers have
got so far as this, shown plainly how little
I know about the subject, I think I had
better stop before I get farther out of my
depth. I only wish to emphasize again that
any of the above views, which I have put in
the first person for convenience, are only my
own dim personal lights, and would never
have been put on paper except at the request
of a friend.

«1# ^ ^ *|« •Sfi

r|% ij% *f» *l» *f*

The next point upon which it was evident
men, and particularly the recruits, wanted
information was the names given to the

74 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

different parts of the external anatomy of the
horse. The picture given opposite explains
these. Every trooper should learn off these
points ; otherwise, if something is wrong, he
will be quite at a loss to explain himself
intelligibly to anyone. Many people wanted
information on the treatment of such surgical
conditions as splints, curbs, spavins, and
bowed tendons, and the general principle
was laid down and agreed to that, when
such had ceased to do harm — i.e.^ cause
lameness — they should be left alone. On the
other hand, pain, heat, swelling and lame-
ness, once localized, was always to be treated
by removing the cause where possible, and
treating effects by the application of heat,
locally applied, first by means of hot bathing,
or the application of bandages wrung out of
hot water, and this was to be followed by
the application of hot poultices of " Leu-
coid" or " Antiphlogistine." When the
acute stage had passed, and Nature required
further help to carry on her repair by the
presence of an extra supply of blood, blister-
ing with such preparations as ''Equamint"
or ''Reducine" was recommended. Firing
and the application of the old - fashioned

POINTS OF THE HORSE

75

Head.

1. Muzzle.

2. Nostril.

3. Forehead.

4. Jaw.

5. Poll.

Neck.

6. 6. Crest.

7. Throttle or wind-

pipe.

Fore-Quarter.

8. Shoulder-blade.
Point of shoulder.
Bosom or breast.
II. True-arm.
Elbow.

Fore-arm (arm).
Knee.
Cannon-bone.

8,

9.

10.

II,

12.

13.
14.

15-

16. Back sinew.

17. Fetlock or pastern-

joint.

18. Coronet.

19. Hoof or foot.

20. Heel.

Body, or Middle-
Piece.

21. Withers.

22. Back.

23. 23. Ribs (forming

together the barrel
or chest).

24. 24. Circumference

of the chest at this
point, called the
girth.

25. Loins.

26. Croup.

27. Hip.

28. Flank.

31

Sheath.

Root of the dock or
tail.

Hind-Quarter.

Hip-joint, round, or

whirl-bone.
32. Stifle-joint.
33i 33' Lower thigh or

gaskin.

34. Quarters.

35. Hock.

36. Point of the hock.

37. Curb-place.

38. Cannon-bone.

39. Back sinew.

40. Fetlock or pastern-

joint.

41. Coronet.

42. Hoof or foot.

43. Heel.

44. Spavin-place.

(From Stonehenge's " Horse in Stable and Field.")

76 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

severe and painful blisters was condemned
as being both brutal and useless, and the
hope was expressed that firing as a treatment
for horses would soon be as completely-
abandoned as it has long since been for man,
although it was once the fashionable resort of
surgeons — but that was before the days of
chloroform, when people liked giving pain.
The necessity of rest for all cases involving
pain was insisted upon, pain being, as was
pointed out, Nature's hint to stop.

Disinfecting in actual practice was dis-
cussed, and here great ignorance was shown.
There is nothing simpler. Procure a gallon
of any disinfectant, read the directions on
the cask, mix in the proportions indicated,
and simply wash the parts with a sponge.
For example, order a gallon cask of J eyes'
Fluid or "Eukotas" from any chemist, pour
a cupful of the fluid into a bucket of hot
water ; wash all parts as directed with this,
wipe up thoroughly, and pour the remaining
fluid down the sink when finished. The
more disinfectants there are about the stable
the better : horses like them ; micro-organ-
isms die at the touch of them.

WATER-BORNE INFECTION 77

Many men expressed their fear that dis-
ease was spread at camp by means of the
water in the troughs becoming infected. It
was agreed that this possible line required
guarding by the early isolation of cases to
the sick lines and a separate drinking trough ;
but the men were urged not to try to put the
blame of a spread of disease on this possible
cause, as they were again reminded that the
most important result of their temporary and
honorary veterinary officer's investigations
was to show that the cause of coughing — the
dark-stable bacillus — could not live in the
light. Therefore, while it was allowed that
this was a possible explanation of some of
our cases last training, when we had ten
days' continuous rain, during which the sun
hardly shone out from behind the clouds, the
fact was emphasized that, as the water troughs
were in the sunlight, no such organisms could
long live there. Whether the microbe could
even live in water is more than doubtful,
but troopers were requested to report to the
medical officer cases of coughing next train-
ing, so that investigations to settle this point
might be undertaken then.

H: * * * *

78 HORSE-MASTERSHIP

Major Burns Lindow, who has been kind
enough to read through the proofs of this
book, has written as follows : " I think there
is just one weak spot in your work, so far as
we are regimentally concerned. I do not
doubt your treatment, and, provided a man
has his horse before the training, I think you
have shown us how sickness can be pre-
vented and how a man can bring his horse
clean to camp and free from bacteria in his
nose and windpipe ; but the horse which you
don't allow for, and which, in our case, is
nearly always the infection carrier, is the
dealers horse, either just bought or hired.
Can you tell men of any treatment which, im-
mediately the horse is in their hands, will
clean out the latent microbes before the horse s
lowered vitality gives the bacteria a chance of
starting work ?" This is a most important
question, and I am particularly glad to have
been asked it, as it reminds me of one thing
I forgot, and also gives me a chance to
explain. My answer will not, I fear, be
considered quite satisfactory. Major Lindow
suggests syringing out the nose and throat.
I am sorry to say that I fear this could do no
good. A disinfectant strong enough to kill

THE DEALER'S HORSE 79

bacteria on, and partly embedded in, the
tissues would so injure the tissues, if locally
applied, as to actually lower their resisting
powers. If possible, the enemy must always
be prevented from effecting a landing. But
if he does land, as he is sure to do in the
case of horses kept in the dark, dirty stalls of
the average dealer, then our difficulties and
the dangers to our territories are enormously
increased, and if the horses' resisting powers
are at the same time lowered, as no anti-
serum has yet been perfected, I fear in our
present state of knowledge coughing and
fever — which really means a fight in the
blood — must follow. I can only say what I
do when a new horse comes under my
control from any other stall — and I am extra
particular in the case of horses which have
been in show-yards, or yearling sale-ring
stables. Immediately on his arrival home
the horse gets a hot bran mash, with plenty
of hot boiled linseed mixed through it. His
throat and lungs are then fumigated by the
burning of a disinfectant. This operation is
carried out as follows : The horse is led into
a box by his attendant ; the box is closed up,
and another attendant brings into the stable

8o HORSE-MASTERSHIP

a shovel which had just been made red hot
in the saddle-room fire. Crude Sanitas or
crude carbolic acid is placed on this, and the
attendant stays with the horse in the box,
now full of these fumes, as long as he feels he
can stand it. By this means antiseptic fumes
are passing down the nostrils and back of the
throat of our horse ; and while I do not say
that this is enough to kill germs, I repeat
that, since I investigated the cause of this
disease and took these precautions, I have
not had any of my chargers suffer from it. I
therefore recommend that all hired horses
should be fumigated in this way before being
taken to camp. As a further precaution, and
one I have more belief in, I have on several
occasions ordered a large hot " Leucoid "
poultice to be applied to the throat of the
horse coming out of specially dirty-looking
stables. This substance holds the heat even
longer than linseed and draws blood to the
part, so helping to defeat the invaders.

I hope that men will take these two pre-
cautions with all hired horses this year. I
do not say they are infallible, but they have
succeeded so far with me. Further, I pro-
pose at our next training to have a note

CONCLUSION 8i

taken of the place whence all horses develop-
ing sickness at our camp have come. By
this means it is hoped that we may get up a
''black list" of dealers to avoid. I have
very little doubt but that this sickness can be
stopped ; but I fully agree with Major Lindow
that the hired horse is our greatest difficulty,
and is a difficulty so great that no blame can
be attached to anyone in the regiment for
the large numbers of our horses absent from
parade through preventable sickness. But
the men can do much to force the dealers to
clean out their stables, and, with all ranks
helping, a satisfactory result is assured in
the future.

Baillikre, Tindali &= Cox, 8, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, London

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Veterinary College, Edinburgh.

Outlines of Veterinary Anatomy. Pp. 236, with 13

illustrations. Price, cloth, los. 6d., postage 4d. [1897

BURNETT, S. Howard, M.S., D.V.M., Instructor in Comparative Path-
ology and Bacteriology, New York State Veterinary College, Cornell
University, Ithaca, N.Y.

The Clinical Pathology of the Blood of Domesticated

Animals. Pp. xii-f 156. With 4 coloured plates and 24 figures.
Price 12s. 6d. net, postage 5d. [1908

CADIOT, P. J., Professor, and J ALMY, Adjunct in the Veterinary School,
Alfort.

A Treatise on Surgical Therapeutics of Domestic

Animals. Translated by A. Liautard, M.D., V.M., (Hon.)
F.R.C.V.S.; Dean of, and Professor at, the New York Veterinary
College, etc. Vol.1. Pp. xviii + 580, with 118 illustrations. Price
20s. net, postage 5d. (To be completed in two volumes.) [1907

Veterinary Journal. — " A volume of information which cannot but be of the
utmost possible value to every practitioner."

Veterinary Record. — " It is well worth reading."

CADIOT, P. J., Professor at the Alfort Veterinary School.

Exercises in Equine Surgery. Authorised Translation

by A. W. Billing, D.V.M., Veterinarian to Purdue University and
Agricultural Experiment Station. Edited by A. Liautard, M.D.,
F. R.C.V.S. {Hon. causd). Principal of the American Veterinary Col-
lege, New York, etc. Pp. 122, with 56 illustrations. Price 12s. 6d.
net, postage 4d. [1897

Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works. 3
CADIOT and DOLLAR.

Studies in Clinical Veterinary Medicine and Surgery.

Pp. 619, with 98 illustrations. 15s. net, postage 6d. [1903

CALKINS, Gary N., Ph.D., Professor of Protozoology in Columbia Uni-
versity, New York.

Protozoology. Pp. 349, with 125 Illustrations and 4 full

paye coloured plates. Price 15s. net, postage 6d. [i9^0

CASTELLANI, Aldo, M.D. Florence, Pr. Doc. Naples, Director of the
Clinic for Tropical Medicine, Ceylon ; Physician, Seaman's Ward, General
Hospital, Colombo ; Professor of Tropical Diseases and Lecturer on
D rraatology, Ceylon Medical College; Member of the Royal Society's
Commission on Sleeping Sickness in Uganda, 1902-1903 ; and Albert J.
CHALMERS, M.D. Vict, and Liverpool, F.R.C.S. Eng., D.P.H.
Camb , Registrar and Lecturer on Pathology and Animal Parasitology,
Ceyln Medical College; Pathologist, General Hospital, Colombo ; Late
Medical Officer, Gold Coast Colony.

Manual of Tropical Medicine. Pp. xxviii+ 1242, with 14

coloured plates and 373 illustrations, mostly original. Price 21s. net,
postage 6d. [1910

University Series.

CHAUVEAU, A., M.D., LL.D., Member of the Institute ; Inspector-General
of Veterinary Schools in France ; Professor at the Museum of Natural
History, France.

Comparative Anatomy of the Domesticated Animals.

Second Edition. Translated and Edited by George Fleming,
C. B., LL.D., F.R.C.V.S. Pp. xxxvi-f 10S4, with 585 illustrations.
Price 31s. 6d,, postage 7d. [1891

COURTENAY, E., M.R.C.V.S.

The Practice of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery.

Second Edition. Edited by F. T. G. Hobday, F.R.C.V.S., Mem-
ber of the Examining Board of the Royal College of Veterinary
Surgeons, and late Professor at the Royal Veterinary College, London.
Pp. viii + 574. Price iOs> 6d. net, postage 4d. [1902

CTJYER, Edouard, Supplementary Professor of Anatomy at the School of
Fine Art, Paris ; Professor of Anatomy at the School of Fine Art, Rouen.

The Artistic Anatomy of Animals (Comparative).

Authorised Translation. Edited by G. Haywood, Lecturer on Anatomy
at the Royal College of Art, South Kensington. Pp. xx + 314, with
147 plates and illustrations. Price 8s. 6d. net, postage 6d. [1905

4 Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works.

DALRYMPLE, W. H., M.R.C.V.S., Principal of the Department of Veter-
inary Science, Louisiana State University and A. and M. College ; Veter-
inarian to the Louisiana State Bureau of Agriculture.

Veterinary Obstetrics. A Compendium for the use of

Students and Practitioners. Pp. xiv + 164, with 51 illustrations.
Price I2S. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1898

DE BRUIN, M. G., Instructor of Obstetrics at the State Veterinary School of
Utrecht.

Bovine Obstetrics. Translated by W. E. A.Wyman, M.D.V.,

V. S. Pp. xii + 384. With 77 illustrations. Price 21s. net,
postage 6d. [1901

DOLLAR, J. A. W., M.R.C.V.S., and A. WHEATLEY, F.R.C.V.S.

Handbook of Horse-Shoeing, with Introductory Chapters

on the Anatomy and Physiology of the Horse's Foot. Pp. xxiv + 438,
with 405 illustrations. Price 15s. net, postage 6d. [1898

See also Cadiot, Moller, Dollar, and Moussii.

DUN, Finlay, F.R.C.V.S., formerly Lecturer on Materia Medica and Dietetics
at the Edinburgh Veterinary College ; Examiner at the Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons. Revised and Edited by Professors James Maqueen,
F.R.C.V.S., and Harold A. Woodruff, M.R.C.V.S., of the Royal
Veterinary College, London.

Veterinary Medicines; their Actions and Uses.

Twelfth Edition. Pp. xii + 822. Price 15s., postage 6d. [1910

EDELMANN, Richard, Ph.D.

Text-Book of Meat Hygiene, with special consideration

to Ante-Mortem and Post-Mortem Inspeciion of Food-producing
Aniirals. Authorized Translation by J. R. MoiiLER, D.V.S. and
A. EiCHiiORN, D.V.S. Pp. xiv 4- 404. With 8 coloured plates and
157 illustrations. Price 20s. net, postage 6d. [1908

FITZWYGRAM, Lieut. -General Sir F., Bart.

Horses and Stables. Fifth Edition. Pp. viii + 560, with

56 plates. Price 3s. net, postage 5d. [1903

FLEMING, George, C.B., LL.D. Glasg., F.R.C.V.S., F.R.G.S., late Prin-
cipal Veterinary Surgeon of the British Army ; Examiner to and late
President of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.

Text-Book of Veterinary Obstetrics : including the

Diseases and Accidents Incidental to Pregnancy, Parturition, and
Early Age in the Domesticated Animals. Second Edition. Pp.
xxxvi + 758, with 226 illustrations. Price 25s., postage 6d. [1896

Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works. 5
FLEMING, George— co?i^inued.

Text- Book of Operative Veterinary Surgery.

Second Edition. Edited by J- Macqueen, F.R.C.V.S., Professor at
the Royal Veterinary College, and Professur W. Owen Williams,
F.R.C.V.S., late President of the Royal College of Veterinary
Surgeons. Pp. xliv + 716. With 687 illustrations. Published at
22s. 6d. net ; reduced to los. 6d. net, postage 6d. [1903

Practical Horse-Shoeing. Tenth Edition. Pp. viii+136,

with 37 illustrations. Price 2s. 6d. net, postage 3d. [19CO

Practical Horse-Keeper. Price 3s. 6d., postage 4d.

FRIEDBERGER and FROHNER.

Veterinary Pathology. Sixth Edition. Authorised Trans-
lation by M. H. Hayes, F.R.C.V.S., with Notes on Piacteriology
by Professor R. Tanner Hewlett, M.D., D.P.H. Pp. xxiv+1434.
In 2 Volumes. Price 21s. net, postage 7d. {Aoi sold separately.^

[1908

GALVAYNE, Sydney.

The XXth Century Book on the Horse. Second

Edition. Demy 4to. Pp. xxvi + 346, with 200 original illustrations.
Price 2is. net, postage 9d. [1907

Country Life. — " No more complete and practical work dealing with the
management of the horse has been issued."

Farm., Field and Fireside. — "A veritable gold-mine of information with
reference to the breaking, training, and management of a horse."

GOUBAUX and BARRIER.

Exterior of the Horse. Translated by Simon J. J. Harger,

V.M.D. Pp. 943. With 364 figures and 34 plates. Price 15s.
net, postage 6d. [1904

GRESSWELL, Albert, B.M. Oxon., M.R.C.S. ; Charles GRESSWELL,

M.R.C.V.S., late Deputy-Examiner Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons ;
George GRESSWELL, M. A. Oxon., L.R.C.P., L.R.C.S.Eng., L.F.P S.
Glasg., late Lecturer in Physical Science at the Diocesan College, Cape of
* Good Hope ; and James Brodie GRESSWELL, F.R.C.V.S.

The Veterinary Pharmacopoeia and Manual of Conn-

parative Therapy, according to the British and United States
Pharmacopoeias. With Description of the Physiological Action of
Medicines. Second Edition. Enlarged. Pp. xiv 4- 458. Published at
I2S, 6d. net ; now reduced to 5s. net, postage 6d. [1903

Veterinary Journal. — " It will be found a great benefit to pharmacy."
Field. — " It may be taken as an epitome of what is known on the subject."

A Manual of the Theory and Practice of Equine

Medicine. Second Edition. Pp. xx + 540. Price los. 6d.,
postage 5d. [1890

6 Baiilierc, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works.

GRESSWELL— ri7////««^r/.

The Equine Hospital Prescriber. For the Use of Veteri-
nary Practitioners and Students. Third Edition. Pp. i66. Price
2s. 6J., postage 3d. [1S98

The Bovine Prescriber. Drawn up for Veterinnry Prac-
titioners and Students. Second Edition. Pp. xiv-H 102. Price 2s.6d.,
postage 3d. [1894

Diseases and Disorders of the Horse. A Treatise on

Equine Medicine and Surgery, bring a Contribution to the Science of
Comparative Pathology. With 86 illustrations. Price 3s. 6(1. net,
postage 4d. [1886

HAMILTON, Edward Seeley, V.S.

The Stable Manual and Horse Doctor. A Complete

Practical Guide. Second Edition. Pp. 448. Illustrated. Price 5s.
net, postage 4d.

HAYES, Capt. M. Horace, F.R.C.V.S., late of "The Buffs."

Horses on Board Ship. Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1902
Illustrated Horse-Breaking. Third Edition. Price 12s.

net, postage 4d. [1905

Points of the Horse. A Familiar Treatise on Equine
Conformation. Third Edition. Price 34s., postage 8d. [1904

Stable Management and Exercise. A Book for Horse-
Owners and Students. Second Edition, revised and enla'ged. Illus-
trated. Price I2S. net, postage 5d. I '909

Training and Horse Management in India. Sixth

Edition. Price 8s. net, postage 4d. [1905

Veterinary Notes for Horse Owners. A Manual of

Plorse Medicine and Surgery^ written in Popular Language. Seventh
Edition. With 274 illustrations. Price 15s. net, postage 5d. [1906
See also Frieaberger and Frohner.

HEKZOG, Maximilian, M.D,, Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology in
the Chicago Veterinary College.

A Text-book on Diseases Producing Micro-Organ-

isms. Especially intended for the use of Veterinary Studenis and
Practitioners. Pp. 644, with 214 illustrations in black and 14
coloured plates. Price 21s. net, postage 6d. [191 1

HILL, J. Woodroffe, F.R.C.V.S., late Professor of Veterinary Science at
the College of Agriculture, Downton.

Diseases of the Cat. Pp. 124. With 8 plates. Price

3s. 6d. net, postage 3d. [1901

Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works. 7
HILL, J. Woodroife — continued.

Management and Diseases of the Dog. Sixth Edition.

To which are added the Standard of Points forjudging. Pp. xii + 532,
with 17 plates and 39 illustrations. Price los. 6d., postage 5d. [1905

HOARE, E, Wallis, F.R.C.V.S., Member Court of Examiners, Royal
College of Veterinary Surgeons.

A Manual of Veterinary Therapeutics and Pharrpa-

COlOgy. Second Edition. Pp. xxiv + 780. Price15s.net. [1906

Field. — "A valuable contribution to a much neglected side of veterinary
science."

Veterinary Journal. — " The whole work is full of information."

HOBDAY, F. T. G., F.R.C.V.S., F.R.S.E., Member of the Board of
Examiners of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, and late Professor
at the Royal Veterinary College, London ; Editor, Veterinary Journal.

Surgical Diseases of the Dog and Cat. With Chapters

on Anaesthetics and Obstetrics. Second Edition. Pp. xxiv + 366.

With 243 illustrations. Price los. 6d. net. [1906

Our Dogs. — " A welcome addition to the veterinary surgeon's library."
Veterinary Record. — "A really useful summary of present-day surgery as
applied to these two animals.'

Castration of Cryptorchid Horses and Ovariotomy

of Troublesome ^ylares. Price 5s. net, postage 3d. [1903

See also E. Ccurtenay.

HODGINS, J. E., V.S., V.D., Honorary Graduate of Ontario Veterinary
College; and HASKETT, T. H., D.V.D., Secretary of Veterinary
Science Association.

Diseases of Live Stock. A Practical Handbook for

Farmers and Stock Owners, dealing fully with the Diseases of Horses,
Cattle. Sheep, Pigs, Dogs, Cats, Poultry, etc., and their treatment.
Pp. 666, with 118 illustrations. Price los. 6d. net, postage 6d, [1910

HUNTING, William, F.R.C.V.S., Ex-President of the Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons.

The Art of Horse-Shoeing. Third Edition. Pp. 172,

with 133 illustrations. Price 5s., postage 4d. [1905

Glanders: A Clinical Treatise. Pp. 104, with 3 illustra-
tions and 14 Plates. Price los. 6d, net, postrge 6d. [1908

JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY AND THERA-
PEUTICS.

Quarterly. Price 2s. 6d. Annual Subscription, prepaid, 10s.

post free.

8 Bailliere, Tindall and Coxs List of Veterinary Works.

JOWETT, Walter, F.R.C.V.S., D.V.H., formerly Demonstrator of Com-
parative Paihology and Bacteriology in the University of Liverpool.

Notes on Blood-Serum Therapy, Preventive Inocula-
tion, and Toxin and Serum Diagnosis, For Veterinary

Practitioners and Students. Pp. viii + 204, with 47 illustrations.

Price 5s. net, postage 4d. [1907

Veterinary Record. — " The best work available."

Veterinary Journal. — "A compilation of the latest work of many investi-
gators."

KITT, Prof. Dr. T., Munich.

Text Book of Comparative General Pathology for

Practitioners and Students of Veterinary Meaicine.
Translated and edited by W. W. Cadbury, M.D., and Allen Smith,
M.D., Professor of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania. Royal
8vo. Pp. xiv + 472, with 4 coloured plates; 132 other illustrations.
Price 25s. net, postage 5d. [1906

Veterinary Record. — "The volume may be recommended to both student
and pracliiioners as a really excellent treatise upon general pathology."

Dublin Medical Journal. — " It is one to be much commended to all
pathologists."

KNOX, E. Blake, B.A., M.D., B.Ch., D.P.H., etc.

Aids to Microscopic Diagnosis (Bacterial and Parasitic

Diseases). Pp. viii+158. Price, cloth, 2s. 6d. net. [1909

LAVERAN, A.. Membre de I'Institut et de I'Academie de Medecine ; and
F. MESNIL, Chef de Laboratoire a I'Institut Pasteur.

Trypanosomes and Trypanosomiases. Translated and

edited by David Nabarro, M.D., B.Sc. Lond. ; Assistant Professor

of Pathology, University College, London ; late Royal Society Com-

mis>ioner on Sleeping Sickness in Uganda. Pp. 538, with coloured

plate and 81 illustrations. Price 21s. net, postage 6d. [1907

Veterinary Record. — "No up-to-date veterinary surgeon can afford to be

without it, and certainly nobody who takes up a Government appointment, either

in the Colonies or in Indiii, who has not mastered its contents beforehand, is

doing his duty to himself, his profession or his employers."

British Medical Journal. — " A compendium of knowledge which no student
of the subject should be without."

LAW, James, F.R.C.V.S., Director of the New York State Veterinary
College, Cornell University, Emeritus, New York State, Ithaca.

Text Book of Veterinary Medicine. In Five Volumes.

Vol. I : General Pathology ; Diseases of the Respiratory and Circula-
tory Organs, of the Bloodvessels and Lymphatic Sysitm. Pp. 559.
Third Edition. 1910. — Vol. II. : Diseases of the Digestive Organs, Liver,
Pancreas, and S leen. Pp. 596. Second Edition. — Vol. III. : Diseases
of the Urinary and Generative Organs, Skin, Eye, and Nervous System ;
Constitutional Diseases. Pp. 600. Second Edition. — Vol. IV.:
Infectious Diseases ; Sanitary Science and Police. Second Edition.
Pp. 718. — Vol. V. : Parasites and Parasitism. Second Edition.
Pp.621. Price 20s. each volume, net, postage 6d. each. [1905-1910

Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works. g

LEBLANC, P., Chef de Travaux, licole Veterinaire, Lyons.

Diseases of the Mammary Gland of the Domestic

Animals. Translated by Colonel J. A. NuNN, CLE., D.S.O.,
A.V.D., F.R.C.V.S., F.R.S.E., Deputy Director-General Army
Veterinary Department. Pp. xii+ii2, with 32 illustrations. Price
3s. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1904

Home Doctoring of Animals. Fourth Edition, revised

and enlarged. Pp. vi + 344. Price 7s. 6d. net, postage 6d. [1910

LIAUTARD, A., M.D., V.M., Hon. F.R.C.V.S., Principal and Professor of
Anatomy and Surgery at the American Veterinary College, New York.

Manual of Operative Veterinary Surgery. With 563

illustrations. Price 30s., postage 6d. [1891

Lameness of Horses, and Diseases of the Locomotor

Apparatus. Pp.314. Price los. 6d., postage 4d. [1888

Animal Castration. Twelfth Edition. Pp. xii+ i66, with

53 illustrations. Price 7s. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1902

See also Cadiot.

LIVE STOCK HANDBOOKS.

Sheep : Breeds and Management. Second Edition.

By John Wrightson, M.R.A.C, F.C.S., etc. With 24 plates.
Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 4d.

Light Horses : Breeds and Management. Second
Edition. By W. C. A. Blew, M.A. ; William Scarth Dixon ;
George Fleming. C.B., F.R.C.V.S. ; Vero Shaw, B.A., etc.
With 28 plates. Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 4d.

Heavy Horses : Breeds and Management. Second

Edition. By Herman Biddell; C. I. Douglas; Thomas Dykes;
George Fleming, C.B., F.R.C.V.S.; Archibald Macneilage ;
Gilbert Murray ; and W. R. Trotter. Wiih 29 plates. Price
3$. 6d. net, postage 4d.

Cattle : Breeds and Management. By William Hous-

man. With a Chapter on Diseases of Cattle, by Professor J. Wortley
Axe. With 34 plates. Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 4d.

Pigs : Breeds and Management. By Sanders Spencer.

With a Chapter on Diseases of the Pig, by Professor J. Wortley Axe,
and a Chapter on Bacon and Ham Curing, by L. M. Douglas.
Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 4d.

IjUNGWITZ, a., Director of the Shoeing School of the Royal \'eterinary
College, Dresden.

A Text-Book of Horse-Shoeing. Translated from the

Tenth German edition by J. W. Adams, A.B., V.M.D. Pp. 178,
with 141 illustrations. Price 75. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1904

lo Bailliere, Tmdall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works.

liUPTON, J. Irvine, F.R.C.V.S.

Horses: Sound and Unsound, with the Law relating to

Sales and Warranty. Pp. viii + 212, with 30 illustrations. Published
at 5s. ; reduced to 2s. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1893

MACEWEI^, Hugh A., M.B., D.P.H.

Food Inspection. A Practical Handbook. Pp. viii + 256.

Illustrated. Price 5s. net, postage 5d. [1909

McFADYEAN, J. M., M.B., B.Sc, CM., M.R.C.V.S., Dean of Royal
Veterinary College, Camden Town.

Anatomy of the Horse. A Dissection Guide. Second

Kdiiion. Pp. XX + 388. Price 24s., postage 5d. [1902

The Comparative Anatomy of the Domesticated

Animals. Part I.— Osteology and Arthrology. With 132 illus-
trations. Price, cloih, los., postage 4d.

MALKMUS, BERNARD, M.D., Professor of Theory and Practice and
Director of the Clinic ior Interna'l Diseases at the Royal Veterinary
College of Hanover, Germany.

Outlines of Clinical Diagnosisof the Internal Diseases

of Domestic Animals. Second Edition, revised and enlarged.
Authorised Translation by David S. White, D.V.M. (Ohio). Pp.
237, with 57 illustrations. Price 12s. 6d. net, postage 5d. [1909

MARTIN, Vet. Lieut. E. E., A.V.D., M.R.C.V.S.

The Transport of Horses by Sea. Price 2s. 6d. net,

postage 2d. [1902

MAYALL, G., M.R.C.V.S.

Cows, Cow-houses, and Milk. Pp. xii-1-102. Illustrated

with 16 plates and 8 other illustrations in text. Price 2s. 6d. mt,
postage 3d. [1909

Pigs, Pigsties, and Pork. Pp. xiv + 204. Illustrated with

14 plates and 55 illustrations in text. Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 4d.

[1910
MAYHEW, E.

Dogs : Their Management. New plan of Treatment,

based upon a considei atioii of the Temperament of the Animal. Edited
by A. J. Sewell, iM.R.C.V.S. Pp. 318. Illustrated. Price, half
bound, 5s., postage 4d. [1897

MERILLAT, L. A., V.S., Professor of Veterinary Surgery in the Chicago
Veterinary College ; late Presi<ient of the Chicago Veterinary Society, etc.

Animal Dentistry and Diseases of the Mouth. Royal

Svo. Pp. 262, with 160 illustrations. Price I2s. 6d. net, postage 4d.

[1905

The Principles of Veterinary Surgery, including an

Authorized Translation, enlargement, and rearrangement of General
Veterinary Surgical Pathology. By Cadeac, Leblanc and
Carougkau, of the Veterinary High School at Lyons, France.
Pp. x+ 669, with 114 illustrations. Price i8s. net, postage 6d. [1907

Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works, ii

MEYRICK, J. J., F.R.C.V.S., Army Veterinary Inspector ; formerly Assistant
Superintendent of Horse-Breeding for the Punjab.

Stable Management and the Prevention of Disease

among Horses in India. Pp. iv + 92. Price 2s. 6d., postage 3d.

[1882

MOLLER and DOLLAR.

The Practice of Veterinary Surgery.

Vol.1. — Operative Technique. Second Edition. Pp. x + 269, with
273 illustrations. Price 12s. 6d. net, postage 6d. [1905

Vol. II.— General Surgery. In preparation.

Vol. III.— Regional Surgery. Pp. xvi + 853, with 315 illustrations
Price 2 IS. net, postage 6d. [19^4

MOUSSU and DOLLAR.

Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Goats, and Swine. Pp.

xviii + 786, with 333 illustrations. Price 25s. net, postage 7d. [1905
MCJLLER, Prof. G., Director of the Clinic at the Veterinary High School,
Dresden.

Diseases of the Dog and their Treatment. Translated

by A. Glass, M. A., V.S. Third Edition, revised and much enlarged.

Pp. XX + 700, with 100 plain and coloured, illustrations. Price 25s.

net, postage /d. [i9^i

NEUMANN, L. G-,, Professor at the National Veterinary School of Toulouse.

Treatise on the Parasites and Parasitic Diseases

of the Domesticated Animals. Tramlated by George
Fleming, C.B., LL.D., F.R.C.V.S. Second Edition, revised and
edited by James Macqueen, F.R.C.V.S., Professor at the Royal
Veterinary College, London. Pp. xvi + 698, with 365 illustrations.
Price 2is. net, postage 6d. [i905

British Medical Journal.—" The reader will gather from this treatise a mass
of information not to be acquired elsewhere in so handy a form."

Journal of Comparative Pathology. — " No member of the veterinary profession
can afford to do without this valuable book."
NOCARD, E., Professor of the Alfort Veterinary College.

Animal Tuberculoses, and their Relation to Human

Tuberculosis. Translated by H. Scurfield, M.D. Edin.,

D.P.H. Cantab. Pp.144. Price 4s., postage 3d. [1895

NUNN, Colonel J. A., F.R.C.V.S., CLE., D.S.O., A.V.D., F.R.S.E.,

Army Veterinary Department.

Veterinary Toxicology. Pp. iv + 200. Price 5s net, postage
4d. [1907

OSTERTAG, Robert, M.D., Professor in the Veterinary High School, Berlin ;
Member of the Imperial Office of Hygiene and Director of the Veterinary
Section, Berlin.

Handbook of Meat Inspection. Translated by E. V. Wil-
cox, M.A., Ph.D., with an Introduction by J. H. MoHLER, M.A.,
D.V.M. Third Edition. Pp. xxxvi + 886, with coloured plate and
260 illustrations. Price 31s. 6d. net, postage yd. [19^7

Veteri?tary Journal. — "The translator is to be congratulated for placing
such a masterpiece at the command of Enslish-speaking veterinary surgeons."
Lancet. — " The standard work on the subject."

12 Baillieve, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works.

PALLIN, W. A., F.R.C.V.S.

A Treatise on Epizootic Lymphangitis. Second Edition.

Pp. 74, with 17 plates. Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 3d. [1905

PATON, D. Noel, M.D., B.Sc, F.R.C.P. Edin.

Essentials of Physiology for Veterinary Students.

vSecond Edition. Price 12s. net, postage 8d. [1908

KEEKS, H. Caulton, F.R.C.V.S., Member of the Board of Examiners,
Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.

The Common Colics of the Horse: their Causes,

Symptoms. Diagnosis, and Treatment. Second Edition. Pp.xvi + 260.
With 15 illustrations. Price 5s. net, postage 4d. [1909

Veterina)y Journal. — " Mr. Reeks can justly claim to have written the best
book we have on colic."

Veterinary Record. — " Mr. Reeks discusses cases which appeal directly to
every practitioner, and he discusses them in a thoroughly practical manner."

Diseases of the Foot of the Horse. Their Causes,

Symptoms, and Diagnosis, with their Treatment, Operative and
Medicinal. Pp. xxi + 458, with 165 illustrations. Price los. 6d. net,
postage 5d. [1906

Mark Lane Fxpres'i. — " A welcome addition to the veterinary library."
Veterinary Journal. — " A very useful, practical, and serviceable manual."

REGISTER OF VETERINARY SURGEONS.

Published according to Act of Parliament. Containing
Charters, By-laws, Regulations, etc., of the Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons. Annual. Price 3s. 6d. net, postage 4d.

ROBERGE, David.

The Foot of the Horse ; or, Lameness and all Diseases of

the Feet traced to an Unbalanced Foot-bone. Prevented or Cured
by Balancing the Foot. Pp. viii + 270, with 44 illustrations. Price
21S., postage 5d. [1894

ROBERTSON, William, M.D., CM., D.P.H., F.P.S. Glasg., Medical
Officer of Health, Le th ; formerly Medical Officer of Health of Paisley
and of Perth.

Meat and Food Inspection : A Handbook for Medical

Officers of Health and Sanitary Inspectors. Pp. x-}-372. With 40
illustrations. Price los. 6d. net, postage 5d. [1908

RXJSHWORTH, W. A., D.V.M., Sheep Inspector, Larimer Co., Colorado ;
Inspector at the Bureau of Animal Industry, Department of Agriculture,
U.S.A.

Sheep and their Diseases. Second Edition. Pp. 410,

with 52 illustrations. Price 7s. 6d. net, postage 5d.

SESSIONS, Harold, F.R.C.V.S., F.R.G.S., Formerly Lecturer Oxford
University Extension and Sussex County Agricultural College.

Cattle Tuberculosis. A Practical Guide to the Farncier,

Butcher, and Meat inspector. Second Edition. Pp. vi+120. Price
3s. net, postage 3d. [1905

Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works. 13

SEWELL, A. J., M.R.C.V.S.

The Dog's Medical Dictionary. An Encyclopaedia of

the Diseases, their Diagnosis and Treatment, and Physical Develop-
ment of the Dog. Illustrated. Price 5s., postage 5d. [1907

SEWELL, Edward, M.R.C.V.S. Lond.

The Examination of Horses as to Soundness;

and Selection as to Purchase, Pp. 86, with 8 coloured plates.
Price 5s., postage 4d. [1898

SISSON, Septimus, S.B.V.S., Professor of Comparative Anatomy in Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Text-Book of Veterinary Anatomy. Pp. 826, with

588 superb illustrations, many in colours. Cloth. Price 30s. net,
postage 9d. [^910

SMITH, Major- General F., C.B., C.M.G., A.V.D., F.R.C.V.S., F.I.C,
Director-General, Army Veterinary Service ; Examiner in Physiology, Royal
College of Veterinary Surgeons,

Manual of Veterinary Physiology. Third Edition.

Pp. xvi + 715, with coloured plate and 160 illustrations. Price 15?.

net, postage 5d. [1907

Veterinary Record. — " We have nothing but praise for the book."
Veterinary News. — " It distinctly fills a want that has long existed,"

Manual of Veterinary Hygiene. Third Edition.

Pp. XX +1036, with 225 illustrations. Price 15s. net, postage yd.

[1905
Veterinary News. — " The work teems with valuable information."

Lancet. — " A book which on all grounds we can recommend with confidence
to the medical and veterinary professions."

SMYTHE, Reginald H., M.R,C.V.S.

Veterinary Parasitology. Pp. xiv+ 130, with 29 illustra-
tions. Price 4s. net, postage 3d. [1911

STEEL, J. H., F.R.C.V.S., F.Z.S., A.V.D,, Fellow of University of Bombay ;
Professor of Veterinary Science, and Principal Bombay Veterinary College,

Treatise on the Diseases of the Sheep; being a Manual

of Ovine Pathology. New Edition. With 99 illustrations. Price 12s.,
postage 6d. [1893

Treatise on the Diseases of the Ox. With 109 illustra-
tions. Price 15s,, postage 5d. [1887

STRANGE WAYS, Prof.

Veterinary Anatomy. Eighth Edition. Revised and

Edited by J. Vaughan, F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.R.C.V.S. Pp. 629,
with 218 illustrations and 6 plates. Price 24s., postage 5d. [1907

14 Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works.

THOMPSON", H., M.R.C.V.S., Lecturer on Veterinary Science at the Aspatria
Veterinary Agricultural College.

Elementary Lectures on Veterinary Science. Third

Edition. Pp. xiv + 412, with 56 original plates and 6 illustrations in
the text. Price lOs. 6d. net, postage 5d. [1908

TUSON, R. V.

A Pharmacopoeia ; including the Outlines of Materia

Medica and Therapeutics, for the Use of Practitioners and Students
of Veterinary Medicine. Revised by J. Bayne, F.G.S., Professor
of Chemistry and Toxicology at the Royal Veterinary College. Sixth
Edition. Pp. x + 876. Price 7s. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1904

VACHER, F., F.R.C.S. Edin., M.R.C.P. Edin. M.O.H. for Cheshire.

The Food Inspector's Handbook: A Practical Guide for

Medical Officers of Health, Meat Inspectors, Army Officers. Students,
and others. Fifth edition. Thoroughly revised and greatly enlarged.
Pp. 268, with 74 illustrations and coloured frontispiece. Price 7s. 6d.
net, postage 4d. [1909

VAN MATER, Geo. G., M.D., D.V.S., Professor of Ophthalmology in the
American Veterinary College, etc.

A Text-Book of Veterinary Ophthalmology. Pp. 158.

Illustrated by i chromo-lithograph plate and 71 engravings. Price
15s. net, postage 5d. [1897

VETERINARTf DIAGRAMS.

With coloured and plain engravings. Size of sheet, 28^ in.
by 22 in.

1. The External Form and Elementary Anatomy of the Horse.

Price 3s. 6d. : mounted, 6s. 6d.

2. The Age of Domestic Animals. Price 2s. 6d. ; mounted, 5s. 6d.

3. The Unsoundnesses and Defects of the Horse. Price 2s. 6d. ;

mounted, 5s. 6d.

4. The Shoeing of the Horse, Mule, and Ox. Price 2s. 6d. ;

mounted, 5s. 6d.

5. The Elementary Anatomy, Points, and Butcher's Joints of the

Ox. Price 3s. 6d. ; mounted, 6s. 6d.
Price per set of Five, 12s., postage 4d. ; mounted on rollers and
varnished, 27s., postage is.

VETERINARY JOURNAL. A Monthly Review of Veterinary Science.
Established 1875. Edited by Frederick Hobday, F.R.C.V.S., F.R.S.E.,
formerly Professor in the Royal Veterinary College, London ; and Geo. H.
WoOLDRiDGE, F.R.C.V.S., Profess'ir of Hygiene, Materia Medica and
Therapeutics in the Royal Veterinary College, London ; Member of
the Royal Irish Academy. Editor for Australasia:], A. GiLRUTH,
D.V.Sc, M.R.C.V.S., F.R.S.E., Dean of the Veterinary Faculty Uni
versity of Melbourne.

Vols. L-VL out of print. Vols. VH.-XLIX., price los. 6d. each.
. New Series, enlarged and improved, started January, 1900.

Monthly, 64-80 pages illustrated, price is. net. Annual subscription,

I2S., post free.

Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works. 15

VETERINARY NEWS. Established 1904. Edited by H. A. Woodruff,
M.R.C.V.S., Professor in the Royal Veterinary College, London; assisted
by J.S. Lloyd, F.R.C.V.S., U.V.S.M.,in the Public Health Section ; and
by Llewyllen Blvan, M.R.C.V.S., Khode:^ia; O. Charnock Bradley,
M.D., M.R.C.V.S., D.Sc, Edinburgh ; J. Craig, M.A., M.R.C.V.S.,
Dublin; M. Henry, M.R.C.V.S., New South Wales; G. D. Lander,
D.Sc, F.LC, London; R. E. Montgomery, iM.R.C.V.S., British East
Africa; J. T. Shake-Jones, F.R.C.V.S., Liverpool, as Correspondents.
Published every Thursday Morning. Price 2d. Annual Subscription,
IDS. 6d. post free.

WALLEY, T., M.R.C.V.S.

A Practical Guide to Meat Inspection. Fifth Edition.

Revised and enlarged by Stewart Stockman, M.R.C.V.S., Pro-
fessor of Pathology, Lecturer on Hygiene and Meat Inspection, Dick
Veterinary College. Pp. 296, with 10 plates and 79 other illustra-
tions. Price IDS. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1909

WELLCOME RESEARCH LABORATORIES, REPORTS OF, at the

Gordon Memorial College, Kfiartoum, Sudan. Issued for he Department
of Education by Andrew Balfour, M.D , B.Sc, F.R.C.P. Edin.,
D.P.II. Camb., Director of the College, Medical Officer of Health,
Khartoum ; and Sanitary Adviser to ihe Sudan Civil Medical Department.

First Report. Demy4to. Pp. iv-f84. With 64 plain and

35 coloured illustrations, I map and 4 charts. Price 12s. 6d. net,
postage 4d. [1904

Second Report. Demy 4to. Pp. 256. With 193 plain

and 67 coloured illustrations, 4 maps, and 8 charts. Price 17s. 6d.
net, postage 6d. [1906

Third Report. Demy 4to. Pp. 478. With 33 coloured

plates and 218 other illustrations in the text. Price 21s. net
postage 7d. [1909

Supplement to the Third Report. Being a Review of some

of the Recent Advances in Tropical Medicine, Hygiene, and Tropical
Veterinary Science. By A. Balkouk, M.D., B.Sc, F.R.C.P. Edin.,
D.P.H. Cantab., and R. C. Archibald, M.B., R.A.M.C, attached
Egyptian Army. Demy 4to. Pp. 252. Price los. 6d. net, postage
5fi- [1909

WILLIAMS, William, F.R.C.V.S., F.R.S.E., late President of the Royal
College of Veterinary Surgeons.

The Principles and Practice of Veterinary Medicine.

Ninth Edition. Revised by W. Owen WilliajMS, F.R.C.V.S."
F.R.S.E., President of the Ro)al College of Veierinaiy Surgeons'
1902-4 ; Professor of Veterinary Medicme and Surgery at the
Univcr.sity of Liverpool ; and F. S. H. Baldrey, Major I.C.V D
F.R.C.V.S., D.V.H. Liv. Pp. xviii + 9^6, uith 25 plates, mostly
coloured, and 90 illustrations in the text. Price 25s. net, postage 7d.

[1909

i6 Bailliere, Tindall and Cox's List of Veterinary Works.

WILLIAMS, WiWiSira— continued.

The Principles and Practice of Veterinary Surgery.

Tenth Edition. Revised by W. Owen Williams, F.R.CV.S.,
F.R.S.E,, late President Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons,
Professor of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery at the Veterinary
School, Liverpool University. Pp. xxxviii + 743, with II plates and
108 illustrations. Price 30s., postage 6d. [1903

WILLIAMS, W. L. , Professor of Surgery and Obstetrics in the New York
State Veterinary College, Cornell University.

Veterinary Surgical and Obstetrical Operations.

Second Edition. Pp. x + 230, v^ith 39 plates and 14 other figures.
Price los. 6d. net, postage 4d. [1907

WINSLOW, K., B.A. and S., M.D.V., M.D. Harv., Formerly Assistant
Professor of Therapeutics in the Veterinary School of Harvard University ;
Surgeon to the Newton Hospital, etc.

Veterinary Materia Medica and Therapeutics.

(According to the British and United States Pharmacopoeias.) Fifth
Edition. Pp. vii + 857. Price 25s. net, postage 6d. [^907

III the p7-eparation of this new edition very considerable pains have been
taken to render it a reflection and epitome of all that is most modern and
progressive in veterinary science.

The Prevention and Treatment of Diseases of

Domestic Animals, including Etiology and Symptoms. Pp. 300.
Price 20s. net, postage 6d. [1910

The Production and Handling of Clean Milk, includ-
ing Practical Mdk Inspection and the Essentials of Milk Bacteriology.
Second Edition. Pp. 368, with coloured plates and loi illustrations.
Price I2s. 6d. net., postage 6d. [1909

YOUATT, W.

The Horse. Revised and enlarged by W. Watson,
M.R.C.V.S. With 52 illustrations. Price 7s. 6d., postage 5d.

The Dog. Revised and enlarged. With 33 illustrations.
Price 6s., postage 5d.

Books not included in tliis List may be had to order, as well as Veterinary
works in French and German.

Subscriptions received for all Journals, English and Foreign.

■»fr': ■.I.:, -y.

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