1

THE

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK

SKETCHES OF THE DIFFERENT BREEDS
OF VERMONT HORSES .

By ALLEN W. THOMPSON

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OLD GREEN MOUNTAN MORGAN (HALE'S).

Ch. li., bred by Nathaniel Whitcomb, Stockbridge, Vt. Foaled 1834; sire, Old Gifford Morgan
(Wier's). Died 1862.

\_E}igraving locincd by yoJin H. JVal/ace, Esq., Ed. " Wallace's l\Io>ithlyy\

THE

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK

WITH

SKETCHES OF THE DIFFERENT BREEDS OF
VERMONT HORSES

BY

ALLEN W. THOMPSON

ILLUSTRATED

CAMBRIDGE

^rintcti at tJjc I5i)jcr^itie ^re^^

1887

Copyright, 1887,
By ALLEN W. THOMPSON.

The Riverside Press, Cambridge:
Electrotyped and Printed by H. 0. Houghton & Co.

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

As far back as we have the history of the horse, he has played an im-
portaut part in the welfare of man, whether in the time of peace or
war. Almost a companion with some, a pet and idol with many. When
the most of the horses of the country were down with the great epizootic
of 1872 ; when the streets of the cities were blockaded as it were with
, all kinds of merchandise ; when mail-carriers had to carry the mails on
their backs, — then all could see, realize, and appreciate the value of the
horse to man. It would have been well if some of the past generations
had told more in regard to his good traits and qualities. The Arab
takes pride in claiming that his horse traces in his breeding to the stud
of Solomon. Though it is not true, it shows that he realizes the value
of blood and the quality of his horse. In the history of the settle-
ments of nations, cities, and towns much is said as to the first settlers,
but scarcely anything of their domestic animals. This is not right ; it is
selfish. Yet the horse is spoken of more in history than any of the
other domestic animals, and it shows a little how he has been regarded.
Now, when we have blood cattle, sheep, and hogs, as well as blood
horses and pure-bred fowls of all kinds, each should have their share
of praise. Yet the horse will, for some time to come, receive the lion's
share.

It is well known that the soil and climate have much to do with pro-
ducing poor or fine animals. It is said of Vermont that she is noted for
producing fine horses as well as great men ; that her horses are much
sought for in the markets, on account of their tough, wiry, enduring
constitutions and their fine style and make. This makes it desirous to
know more as to the first horses of Vermont, their breeding and origin.
The first settlers of the State came from Rhode Island, Massachusetts,
Connecticut, and New Hampshire, and they took with them their horses
and other stock. From Rhode Island was introduced the blood of the
Narragansett pacer ; from the valley of the Connecticut, the thorough-
bred English horse. At this time the English thoroughbred had been
quite largely bred in the Connecticut Valley. A number of the purest
blood had been imported from England, and quite a number from New

2 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

York, New Jersey, and Virginia. The Barb horse Ranger was imported
to New London, Conn., about 1765. He was kept at Hartford and
vicinity for several years. Was at first a dapple gray fifteen hands high,
and of the finest form, symmetry, and finish. His great value was that
his descendants inherited in a marked degree his rare qualities. It is
admitted that he was the best Arabian ever taken to America. There is
quite a story as to his origin, and how it was that he was taken to Con-
necticut. It may be and it may not be true. The ridges on his legs
show that they were broken, and it may have been the cause of his
being taken to this country. The reason of his being taken to Virginia
shows his great value as a stock horse. It was at the siege of Boston
that the attention of Washington, his officers and staff, was attracted
by the superior horses that composed the cavalry from the Valley of the
Connecticut. Upon inquiry it was found that they were mostly by an
Arabian horse called Ranger. This caused the Virginians to believe
that Ranger would improve their horses at home, and, through the advice
of Washington and Lee, Captain Lindsey was sent to see and buy the
horse, if he thought best. This he did, and took him to Virginia. The
thoroughbred mares of Virginia and Maryland were largely bred to him,
and the cross is highly prized in the racer. In Virginia, Ranger was
known as Lindsey's Arabian.

There was a large number of young Rangers kept and advertised in
the Connecticut Valley, and it is known that one or more of them was
taken to Vermont. One was kept at Stowe and Morristown, owned by
a Mr. Stewart, a counterfeiter. He said he was never afraid of the offi-
cers catching him if he could get the start of them on his horse. The
horse General Putnam rode down the declivity of one hundred steps,
when he escaped from the British, was by Ranger, One writer states
that Washington's celebrated gray charger was, too. This must be con-
sidered doubtful, unless Washington obtained him when at Boston, or
soon after. Some writers have claimed, because the northern part of
Vermont bordered Canada, her first horses must have been largely of
French or Canadian origin. It can be seen how absurd this claim is
from the fact that the southern part of the State was first settled, and
by settlers from the South, who took their horses with them. As the
southern part became settled, the settlers pressed North from the South.
The southern towns were settled fifty years earlier than the northern
towns. The border towns of Canada were mostly settled by settlers
from Vermont.

In the first settling of the country, horses could only be used as beasts
of burden. The settlers in breaking into the wilderness, unless by the
side of large rivers, could go but a short distance, as there were no
roads, only the paths of the wild beasts and the red man, and the lined

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. o

trees marked by the hunter and woodman. Another reason why they
could not go far from the borders of civilization was, that they must be
near a market. The first few settlers of many of the towns of Vermont
had no horses at first ; they came into the State on foot. They knew,
before they could have the horse, something must be raised and provided
for. When this was accomplished, then the horse was procured. The
horse then wanted was the one the easiest to ride, as there were no wagons
and but few roads ; the one that was the surest-footed, that was the safest
to get over the rough, bad routes they had. The people were poor, and
could not at first enjoy the luxury of the saddle, so the horse wanted
must have a good wide back ; no rail-backed horse was warrted. In the
winter the good roads on the snow and the cold weather made it more
pleasant to ride behind the horse on the sled than on his back. After
a while the rich substituted the pung for the sled : this was considered
a little aristocratic. Woolen blankets were used instead of "buffalo
robes." Now the sled and pung have given way to the sleigh, and it
is hard to say what the sleigh will give way to.

Though the horses of the eastern and western part of the State had
a common origin, their type and characteristics did not continue the
same. The western part of the State borders on New York, and this
caused many of the inhabitants to do their marketing at Troy and Al-
bany. Horses were taken to New York, and furthermore horses were
brought from New York to the western part of Vermont, and it caused
the horses of the two sections to be somewhat alike.

The first important cross upon the horses of the western part of the
State was from a son of imported Messenger, called Bishop Hamble-
tonian. He was foaled on Long Island in 1806 ; he was a bay, fifteen
and a half hands high, and weighed about eleven hundred pounds ; had
quite a reputation as a racer. He was taken to Granville, N. Y., in 1822,
and there kept, with the exception of two or three seasons, until his death,
which was in 1834. Some of the seasons he was kept part of the time
at Pawlet, Wells, Poultney, and Burlington, Vt. The Hambletonian
blood was largely bred and highly prized. It gave size and speed, but
with this there was often a coarseness and a lack of style and beauty.
The cross is highly valued in the pedigree of the trotters. But few
Hambletonian horses were taken across the mountain to the eastern part
of the State, so that, comparatively speaking, the blood was not bred
on the eastern side of the mountain ; yet, wherever it was, it did leave
quite an impression in transmitting speed. The Morgan blood was the
first cross upon the horses in the eastern part of the State, and so popu-
lar was it that at one time nearly all the horses of the eastern part could
be called Morgans. Their popularity commenced about 1820, and it
continued until 1860 ; then the dema.nd was for horses having more size

4 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

and speed. Had the Morgan horses been bred to average in weight
ten hundred and fifty pounds, and fifteen and a half hands in height,
the demand for them must have always been great. It was their small
size that cost them their popularity (there were too many small ones).
They were not bred at first to any extent upon the west side of the
mountain. The Morrills seemed to be what the market demanded, and
they have been largely crossed upon the Morgans. The Morrills, prop-
erly speaking, are a branch of the Morgans, as their founder, Old Mor-
rill, traces on his sire's side to Bulrush Morgan. Yet the characteristics
of the two classes of horses ai'e very different every way. The Morrills
are more rangy, larger made, and have more speed than the true Mor-
gan ; their manes and tails are not as full ; nor do they have the style,
spirit, and endurance of the Morgans proper. Their founder. Old Mor-
rill, was bred in Walden, Vt., foaled in 1843, was a black, sixteen hands
high, and weighed at times thirteen hundred pounds. He was kept the
most of the time at Danville, Vt., and died there in 1862. The first
cross upon the Hambletonians was the Black Hawk cross. Old Black
Hawk, the founder of the family that takes his name, was bred and
raised in Durham, N. H. ; was foaled in 1833 ; was taken to Lowell,
Mass., when five years old, where he was owned by Benjamin Thurston
until 1844, when he was purchased by David Hill, of Bridport, Vt,,
who took him to Bridport and there kept him until his death, which
was in December, 1856. His being owned so long in Vermont gave
him his name, Vermont Black Hawk. He was called, when Hill owned
him. Old Black Hawk, Hill's Black Hawk, and Morgan Black Hawk.
Black Hawk was a jet black, not quite fifteen hands high, and weighed
about nine hundred and fifty pounds. He was a very smooth, fine-made,
handsome horse ; was stylish and fine driving, and was considered fast
in his day. He was largely patronized at Bridport, and had the greatest
reputation of any horse of his day. He was a remarkable preponent
sire, and stamped his characteristics in a marked degree on his progeny.
The Black Hawk cross gave beauty and style, with speed ; many of his
sons were from fifteen and a half to sixteen hands high, and weighed
from eleven hundred to twelve hundred pounds. The Black Hawks were
not bred to any extent on the east side of the mountain; one of the
sons. Captain Lightfoot, was kept at Bethel in 1854, and sired that sea-
son the dam of Draco Prince ; blk. h. rec. 2.24J. Rattler (Bigart's) left
some stock in the southern part of the State. "Was foaled at Danlw,
Vt., in 1844 ; was a bay, fifteen and three-quarter hands high, and
weighed eleven hundred and fifty pounds. He won the stallion race
on Long Island in 1850, in straight heats, best time 2.46. He resem-
bled the Hambletonians, as he had one or more crosses of Hambletonian
and Messenger blood, though his sire was Sir Henry, grandson of the
Garret horse, and he by Leonidas.

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. 5

The Columbus blood had something of a run on the west side of the
mountain. Old Columbus, the founder of the family, was a French
horse taken from Canada to Bakersfield, Vt., about 1842 ; from there he
was taken to Massachusetts, and in 1854 to Orwell, Vt. He was a
chestnut with white feet and a white face, fifteen hands high, and
weighed one thousand pounds ; was a converted pacer and was fast.
His blood has given speed, but not beauty or style. The Columbuses
are not free, good drivers or roadsters.

The next cross was the Ethau Allen. He was kept several years at
Shoreham, Vt., as was his great-son Daniel Lambert. The Ethan Allen
and Daniel Lambert blood has been and is very popular. It has given
beauty, style, and finish, with great speed. They are free, pleasant,
fine roadsters and drivers ; yet there is too often a lacking of size among
the Ethan Aliens and Lamberts, which should be rectified by a cross of
some larger strain of trotting blood. A number of sons and grandsons
of Rysdyk's Hambletonian have been brought into the State, both in
the eastern and western part, and have been quite largely bred from ;
some were used as early as 1870. It is hard to say now what the re-
sult of the cross will be. In some instances expectations have not been
realized.

The Clay blood has not been bred to any extent in Vermont. Bal-
lard's Cassius M. Clay 54 is the only one of note that has been used.
He was foaled in 1854, at Contoocookville, Hopkinton, N. H. ; sire,
Jones's 1st Cassius M. Clay, by old Cassius M. Clay 18; dam by a
pacing horse that came from Maine. "Was bred and was owned at one
time by President Pierce. One account is that he was bred by Judge
Perkins. Was purchased in 1859 by Jones & Ballard, and taken to
Hartford, Vt., where he was kept until his death, which was in 1878.
He was a dark mahogany bay with star, fifteen and three-quarter hands
high, and weighed over eleven hundred pounds ; rec. 2.37. He was
largely used, and proved a valuable cross for the Morgan and Morrill
mares. Four of his get are in the 2.30 list, and quite a number have
trotted in 2.40, or better. The mares by him have proved very pre-
potent in transmitting speed. Lady Barefoot, rec. 2.26J, dam, was by
him, and the dams of several of the fast ones. '

Thus briefly have been stated the facts, from the beginning to the pres-
ent time, as to the horses of Vermont, and they can apply in a general
sense to the horses of the different towns of the State.

This fact can be understood, that many of the noted horses have been
kept in a certain section, so that their progeny for a time is the most
numerous in the section where they have been kept ; for instance, the
Justin Morgan was kept several years at Randolph, Harris Hamble-
tonian at Bristol, Old Morrill at Danville, Black Hawk at Bridport,

6 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

Ethan Allen and Lambert at Shoreham, Ballard's Cassius M. Clay at
Hartford, and Woodstock at Woodstock.

The inference is plain, that the stock of the horses named was, at
first, the most numerous in the towns where they were kept ; yet it does
not always remain so, as more or less of it is sold and taken away, and,
too, it is allowed to die out.

Much interest is felt at the present time in regard to the horse Old
Papineau, which was brought from Canada to Vermont about the year
1833, kept at Danville and Groton till about 1838, and then taken to
New Hampshire. This renewed interest in Old Papineau has been
called out from the fact, learned the present year (1887), that Taggart's
Abdallah 16 traces to him on his sire's side. Farmer's Beauty, the sire
of Abdallah 16, was purchased by David M. Taggart, of Goffstown, N.
H., at Wells River, Vt., in 1845. Taggart states that at the time of the
purchase he was told the horse was bred and raised at Wells River
by Dr. Thatcher from the doctor's celebrated mare, afterwards sold in
Boston. It has been ascertained, however, that Farmer's Beauty was
raised at Groton, Vt., by Dr. Horatio W. Heath, and was foaled in 1839
or 1840. After the death of Dr. Heath, the horse, then called simply
Beauty, was sold to Alden G. Heath, of Topsham, Vt., who sold him in
1845 to E.Baldwin, of Wells River. Very soon after the purchase,
Baldwin disposed of him to D. M. Taggart. Farmer's Beauty, as Mr.
Taggart called him, was sired by J. J. Peck's Young Papineau ; dam.
Dr. Heath's mare, — a large bay mare of great endurance as a roadster;
breeding unknown, though called a Morgan mare. Young Papineau
was the son of Old Papineau ; dam, a chestnut by Young Bulrush or
One Eye.

Very little is known as to the first horses that were taken to Wood-
stock. It is remembered that, when Ephraim Brewster moved into
town, he drove a yoke of cattle, and his wife rode a horse, with one child
before and one behind. No description of the horse is given. It is
known, too, that Dr. Stephen Powers, in 1774, rode a horse to Middle-
borough, Mass., and it is stated he assisted in caring for the wounded
after the battle of Bunker Hill.

As the first settlers came mostly from Middleborough and Salem,
Mass., and Lyme, Conn,, it is understood that the first horses of Wood-
stock came from those places. Lyme lies on the Connecticut and joins
New London, where a large number of the blood-horses that have been
brought to this country were imported. It has been stated Ranger, or
Lindsley Arabian, was imported there. It is safe to infer that some of
the thoroughbred horses that were taken to New London were kept at
Lyme, and that the horses that were taken from Lyme to Woodstock
were some of their descendants.

"V.

WOODSTOCK, 873.

Blk. h., bred by Mr. Rider, Topsham, Vt. Foaled 1S57; sire, Young Morrill, iiS; dam, a graymare.
Quicksilver blood. Record 2.40. Died August, 1877.

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. 7

From 1725 to the breaking out of the Revolution there was much
more racing done in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island than
has been recorded. The feelings of our strict Puritan fathers were
against it, which is why so little has been said or is known in regard to
the practice. Yet their own sons very often indulged in the pleasures
of the race, as is ascertained from some old letters and notes written at
the time, which have come down to the present day.

The pleasures and amusements of a people have to be given up in
war, and it was so during the Revolution. The war absorbed the whole
thoughts and energies of the people. "When it was over and things re-
sumed their usual course, then the pleasures that had been laid aside
were in part indulged in again. It is understood that some of the first
settlers of Vermont, before removing to the State, had something to do
with the race, and that, when circumstances favored, the old pastime
was revived. The exact year they commenced racing horses at Wood-
stock is not stated ; but as it was a central place for the people of the
adjoining towns to come to before it became the county seat in 1787, it
is safe to say racing was taken up soon after peace was declared. The
reason why there was more of this sport going on at Woodstock than at
many of the other towns was, that it was something of a hub or center
for the people to come to. The street now called River Street was the
race-course. The horses were started near Mr. Myers's house, and ran up
the river as far as the schoolhouse. The length of the race-course was
about equal to the distance by the road between the two lower bridges.
Eighty rods was the distance most generally run then in Vermont^
The races were mostly scrub races, and the stakes the drinks for the
crowd, which was not large. No time was taken, so it is not known how
fast they ran. But two horses were started, and there was more or less
of it done as late as 1835. The following are the facts as to one of the
races. One who will be called Mr. A was so confident that his horse
was the fastest that he offered to bet one dollar and a gallon of rum that
his horse would beat the crowd. The offer was taken, and Mr. A's
horse was beaten. It is supposed that most of the races run were very
similar to the one described. Some may ask, What benefit was the
racing ? The benefit was that it improved the speed, the endurance,
and quality of the horses. It brought in a better class of horses, higher
and better bred. Every one could see what horses had the most speed
and bottom, and these were the ones which must have been mostly bred
from, as it is plain to every one that, to improve a race of domestic ani-
mals, the best must be bred from. The old files of Spooner's " Vermont"
Journal " show a large number of horses advertised to stand at Wood-
stock. Every one can see how valuable the advertisements are now, and
how much more they would be if among the number there could be found

8 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

y

one of a horse that was kept at Woodstock from 1798 to 1800, — a horse
that proved the most remarkable and famous ever owned in Vermont.
If the facts known about him then could have been put into an adver-
tisement, it would have saved much trouble and discussion as to his ori-
"gih and blood. The horse meant was " the Just^ Morgan," the original
Morgan horse, the founder of the race of horses called Morgans. All
agree that he was owned by William Rice, of Woodstock, during the
time named. F. A. Wier, of Walpole, N. H., who spent much time in
looking up the facts in regard to the Morgan horses, states, in a letter
that was published in the January number of the "Albany Cultivator"
for 1846, that Justin Morgan was on a visit to William Rice's, having
his horse with him ; that he was taken sick, and died there ; that shortly
before his death the horse was made over to Mr. Rice as security for the
expense of Mr. Morgan's sickness. The records of the probate office
at Randolph rather show this, as they show that there was no horse ap-
praised with Mr. Morgan's property. There was a saddle, bridle, and
whip. It shows strongly that the horse had passed out of the hands of
Mr. Morgan at the time of his death.

Mr. Morgan advertised the Figure Horse, the seasons of 1793 and 1794,
to stand at Randolph, Lebanon, and Royalton. The age, color, or size
of the horse is not given in the advertisements, but they state that he is
from near Hartford, Conn. These advertisements were not discovered
until 1878. It is claimed now by some that the Figure Horse was " the
Justin Morgan," from the fact that recent investigations show that " the
Justin Morgan" was taken to Randolph in 1791, instead of 1795 as first
stated. The year 1795 was given from the memory, the recollections of
several, some fifty years after the event took place ; though some said
that it was earlier than 1795. It is nothing strange a mistake was made
in the year, under the circumstances, as they had no dates to refer to.
Mr. Morgan broke up keeping house in 1793, and had no grand list at
Randolph after 1794. It was understood he had the horse when he was
keeping house. < John Morgan stated that he was living at West Spring-
field, Mass., when Justin Morgan got the two-year-old colt ; that he was
sired by a horse called True Briton ; that he, John Morgan, kept two
seasons, and that he kept True Briton the season that he sired Mr. Justin
Morgan's colt. John Morgan's advertisements for True Briton have
been recently found, and they show he kept the horse the seasons of

1788 and 1789, and it was understood the colt was sired the first season.
This shows that "the Justin Morgan," instead of being foaled in 1793
and taken to Randolph in 1795, as was first stated, was in fact foaled in

1789 and taken to Randolph in 1791.

Another mistake was made as to Mr. Morgan's horses. When he
took the colt to Vermont, he took another one too, that was called, fifty

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. 9

years after, a three-year-old gelding colt. Recent investigations show-
that the three-year-old gelding was a four-year-old bay colt, or stallion,
and was the horse that he advertised as the Figure Horse. Mr. Mor-
gan's two brothers, Caleb and Stephen, and his sister Eunice, lived at
Randolph when he did. His sister was a widow. Her name was Wil-
liams, and she had a son and daughter. When Mr. Morgan was on his
way home with the colts from Springfield, he stopped all night with his
sister, who lived about a mile from the center of Randolph, towards the
East Branch. The next morning Mr. Morgan went over to Mr. Moul-
ton's, his sister's near neighbor, and had him and his son Jude Moulton
come over and see the colts. They were shown a four-year-old bay
stallion. They did not notice the little one until Mr. Morgan called 1
their attention to him. They then saw what they called a little runt of U
a colt that did not look to be worth ten dollars, and so told him. Mr.
Morgan tapped the colt on the shoulder, and said, " A good deal there,
sir ; a good deal there, sir." This incident has been handed down in
I Mr. Moulton's family, as Jude Moulton married Mrs. Williams's daugh-
' ter, and his sons and grandsons and others have often heard him re-
late it.

There is some interest felt in Mr. Morgan's four-year-old bay stallion,
the Figure Horse, as it is understood that Mr. Rice took him to Wood-
stock. This appears from a statement given of a horse in D. P. Thomp-
son's " History of the Town of Montpelier." He says (p. 91) : "Jona-
than Shepard built the first blacksmith shop in Montpelier village. Some
years after, he sold out his shop and custom to James Hawkins, taking
Mr. Hawkins's farm, and letting Hawkins have, too, the first Morgan horse
ever known in Vermont or elsewhere." In a note at the bottom of the
page he states: "Mr. Shepard is still living [this was in 1860], and his
' statement is that he purchased the horse of a man in Woodstock for
about two hundred dollars, a very large price at that time. The man in
Woodstock had the horse of one Justin Morgan, a man of that section,
who reared him from a colt. Mr. Shepard states from his own knowl-
edge that Justin Morgan owned the mare that brought the colt ; that she
was a great traveler ; that he [Morgan] had driven her to Canada,
where he had relatives, in a day, the distance being seventy miles ; that
it was on one of these visits that the colt was sired by a common Cana-
dian stallion ; and that it was from this colt growing up and being kept
at Randolph and other places, that the whole race of the noted Vermont
Morgan horses originated."

The town records of Montpelier show that Mr. Shepard's deed of Mr.
j Hawkins's farm was dated February 14, 1797. This shows that the
I horse was not " the Justin Morgan," as Mr. Morgan had the horse at
j that time. Mr. Shepard's son, George C, now of Montpelier, says h^

10 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

has often heard his father speak of getting the horse of a man in Wood-
stock, but cannot now remember the name of the man his father said he
had the horse of. Being asked if the name Rice sounded like the name
his father gave, he said it did. He said he did not think his father kept
the horse more than a year. It is supposed " the Justin Morgan " sired
stock when owned by Mr. Rice. It is stated he ran one race on the
race-course when in Mr. Rice's hands, and won.

The horse was taken through Woodstock by his owner, Mr. Goss, of
Randolph, the season of 1807, when he made a short season at Clare-
mont, N. H. The horse was kept at Woodstock part of the season of
J.813, at Mr. Taylor's hotel.

The Blazing Star blood had something of a run, and there are horses
now in Woodstock that have a cross of the blood in their pedigree.
Blazing Star was bred and raised by William Bridge, of South Wood-
stock ; foaled, 1813. His sire was a large bay horse, said to be of Eng-
lish and Dutch blood, and is believed to be the horse advertised as Slow
and Easy in the " Woodstock Observer," the seasons of 1822 and 1823,
by Simon Smith of Hartland. The advertisement states the horse drew
the premium at the Windsor County Fair in 1822 ; that his sire was
the noted horse Traveller, owned by Charles West, of Providence,
R. I. ; grandsire, imported Old Traveller ; Slow and Easy's dam, a bay,
full-blood Dutch mare, known by the name of Slow and Easy, bred by
Judge Vanderloop of New York, and purchased of him by Charles
West for three hundred dollars.

Blazing Star's dam was a very fine black English mare that was
often ridden on the parade. Her son took her color, had a white stripe in
the face that gave him his name, was about 15;^ hands high, and weighed
a little over one thousand pounds. Was a very muscular, fine-acting
horse, resembling in his style and actions the Morgans, as did his stock.
Mr. Bridge sold him when three years old, for two hundred and fifty
dollars. His new owners, thinking to improve the looks of the horse,
had his large handsome tail cut off. When the horse got up with it off,
and it was seen how it hurt his looks, his owner said he would give fifty
dollars to have it back. The horse was often ridden at musters and
trainings, was taken to Canada, and back. One of his sons was kept
for stock, owned by Sullivan Cady, — a brown, and not as large as
his sire. Some claim that the dam of Dorsey, Green Mountain Black
Hawk, was Blazing Star blood. She was owned by Mr, Fletcher, South
Woodstock.

It was about 1814 that the horse Tally-ho was taken to Woodstock,
from Connecticut, by a Mr. Dyer. The horse was an imported Norfolk
trotter, and must be the one recorded in the first volume of the " Trot-
ting Register." It states: "Tally-ho was foaled in 1791 by Sportsman ;

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. 11

dam by Papist. Imported in 1793 ; stood in several of the Hudson
River counties." Jacob Boyce, of Woodstock, traded for the horse, but
he soon became afraid of him, and traded him to William Hutchinson, of
Pomfret. Tally-ho vfas a handsome mahogany bay, with black points ;
off hind-foot partly white ; mane and tail full ; fifteen hands high, and
weighed one thousand pounds. Was a high-headed, handsome, well-
made horse, with great muscular power and fine trotting action, and had
speed, which his stock inherited. Tally-ho was owned by Mr. Hutchin-
son as long as he lived; died in 1820 or 1822 ; was largely patronized.
His colts were all bays and natural trotters, and many were fast. A
number of his sons were kept for stock ; one called Young Tally-ho.
He was larger than his sire, and had great speed. His dam was ridden
by Colonel Dana in the war of 1812.

It was a mistake letting the Tally-ho blood die out in the male line,
as it was trotting blood. Imported Bellfounder was a Norfolk trotter.
The great popularity of the Morgan blood was the cause, as all other
classes of horses had to give way for a while to the Morgans. The
Walker horse, or Morgan Tally-ho, was one of the best stock horses
ever owned in the State. His dam was by Tally-ho, as was also the dam
of the fast-trotting gelding raised by Isaiah Lee of Hartland, Vt. He
was the fastest trotter in the county. He was taken to New York, and
made a very fast trotter. Was sold for two thousand dollars. It is be-
lieved that the old trotter Ripton, that was the champion of the trotting-
course in 1842, was the Isaiah Lee horse. The Walker horse sired
many fast ones. When the mare that was bred to him had speed or was
of trotting blood, the produce was sure to have speed.

Several of the most noted of the Morgan horses have been kept at

Woodstock. First, as has been stated, " the Justin Morgan ; " next, his
most popular son, Woodbury, made several seasons at Woodstock, the
last one in 1830, when the price was ten dollars the season. Woodbury's
best son, Old Gifford, made several seasons at Woodstock, as did his
famous son Old Green Mountain. His last seasons were in 1850, 1851,
and 1862, when the price was twenty-five dollars to warrant. The
horses named were great parade horses, and were often ridden at the
musters held on Mower's meadow. Major Charles Dana, Jr., rode Old
Gifford at one of them.

At one of the musters when Woodbury was ridden, the big Jersey colt
and one of his sons were, too. The two last rather took the attention at
first, on account of their black color and great size, they standing sixteen
hands high, and weighing fourteen hundi-ed pounds ; but before night it
was seen Old Woodbury outlasted them in style, spirit, and action. The
fact that the Morgan horses named made several seasons at Woodstock,
and that their sons and daughters were largely bred from, shows that the

V

12

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

horses of Woodstock were once very strong of the Morgan blood. Some
could have been called inbred Morgans, as they inherited several crosses
of the blood, and this may be the cause why Woodstock has not the
' credit of raising one of the 2.30 horses. The true Morgan horse is one
of great spirit, life, and endurance ; a great roadster, and all-day horse ;
but his form and shape are such that he cannot go fast for a mile, and,
with his lack of size, has caused his popularity to set. The demand has
been, since 1860, for larger, more rangy horses, with more speed ; and
now, where once they nearly all were Morgan sires, there are but few
that trace to Woodbury.

The best one of the Walker horse's sons was the Ransom horse, and
he was one of the best, if not the best one, ever raised in Woodstock.
He was bred by Elder Jacob Holt ; foaled about 1839. His dam was a
Hambletonian mare brought from Washington County, New York, about
1835, when two years old, by Marshall My rick. She was a large, rangy,
brown mare, a fast trotter, and went in fine style. Her son rather in-
herited her color, form, style, and travel. He was sixteen hands high,
and weighed eleven hundred pounds. Daniel Ransom bought the horse
when six years old, but his value was not realized or appreciated ; for
about 1849 he was sold for a song to Dr. Bissell, a peddler of medicine,
and his great worth lost to the horse-breeders of Woodstock. His value
has been since discovered by the prices his colts have brought on account
of their speed, and the value of his daughters as brood mares. This could
have been known at first, as he inherited two crosses of trotting blood,
the Tally-ho and the Hambletonian. His sire, the Walker horse, was by
the Moulton horse, a son of Bulrush. When a horse inherits two or
more crosses of trotting-blood, he is sure to transmit speed. The Jerome
Cox horse was by the Ransom horse ; dam, Blazing Star blood ; foaled,
1849 ; resembled his sire ; not quite as large ; left excellent stock, but
was not any more appreciated than was his sire.

It was in the fall of 1855 that George Harpin took to Woodstock a
horse that he called the French Prendergast ; called also the Harpin
horse, or Young St. Lawrence. Mr. Harpin purchased the horse in Can-
ada; foaled about 1850; sired by the Old St. Lawrence; dam called
Morgan blood. The horse was a sorrel, fifteen and three fourths hands
high, and weighed over eleven hundred pounds ; was a good traveler,
and could trot close to 2.50. He was kept at Woodstock and vicinity
until 1860 ; was then taken to St. Louis, Mo., where his sire had stood
at two hundred dollars the season. Draco stood near him the season of
1861, but the Harpin horse drew the most patronage. He left excellent
stock at Woodstock. Some trotted better than three minutes, were sold
for a large price and taken away, and nothing more was known of them.
He sired the dam of Susie Taylor, one of the most promising trotters

HORSES OF AVOODSTOCK.

10
o

ever raised in "Woodstock. She was by the Pinney horse, a son of Old
Green Mountain. The Pinney horse left excellent stock.

About the year 1860 the family of horses called Morrllls began tcT
attract attention. Their large size and fast way of going seem to indi-
cate that they were the horses the market demanded. Though they;
trace back on the sire side to " the Justin Morgan," and are classed as
Morgans, they have inherited so many out crosses that they are a very :
different type of horses, not having the form, style, spirit, and action of ,
the true Morgans. It is mostly through Young Morrill that the Merrills {
have obtained the reputation in which they are held. He was a remark- '
ably fine horse, and he transmitted his good qualities to his stock. Draco,
his best son, was kept at Royalton the season of 1859. His large size and
fast way of going caused something of a feeling for the Merrills. One of
Draco's sons was kept several seasons at Woodstock, called Young Draco, \
or the Henry horse ; was foaled in 1859 ; was a bay, fifteen and one half ;
hands high, and weighed ten hundred and fifty pounds. Was a fine- \
looking and acting horse ; could trot close to 2.40 ; did not prove a very j
good stock horse ; was burnt in the fire of 1867.

In the spring of the year 1864 Frederick Billings purchased the horse~
John Morrill, by Young Morrill. The horse had gained quite a reputa-
tion in a race that he trotted the fall before with Draco, in which he was
a close second, and it was believed that he would make the fastest horse.
The price paid was four thousand four hundred dollars ; but it took two
or more paper dollars then to bring one of gold. The season of 1864 he
was kept at Hartford, Vt., at thirty dollars to warrant. He trotted a
few races the season of 1865. He won his record, 2.40, this year, in a
race that he won at Hartford, Vt. He was shown at the Windsor
County Fair this year held at Woodstock, and trotted a public trial in
2.33 ; the first half in 1.14. About this time the horse's name was
changed to Woodstock. He trotted a few races the season of 1866 ;
was kept at Woodstock the season of 1867 at fifty dollars to warrant,
and each season thereafter until his death, excepting the season of 1869,
when he was kept at Stowe, Vt. The horse changed owners in the
spring of 1873, and the price changed to twenty -five dollars to warrant.
He died in August, 1878.

Woodstock was a noble-looking horse. A coal-black, without a white
hair, mane short and tail full, nearly fifteen and three quarters hands
high, and weighed over eleven hundred pounds. Was better made for-
ward than most of the Merrills. A good head, wide between the eyes,
neck rather short and heavy, but arching; withers prominent; body
round and rather short ; back the very best ; hips long and smooth.
One would not expect a horse that was so heavy made forward, with his
rather short body and blocky build, could have the great speed that he

14 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

showed. The secret of his speed was his great stride, caused by the great
propelling powers of his hind parts ; but his way of going was heavy
and tiresome, and no horse could live to carry it in a race. He had a
mean, cross, treacherous disposition, which he inherited from the side of
his dam ; and when he broke in his great bursts of speed, he broke to
run away, and it took a man then to stop him. Woodstock did not
prove as good a trotter or a stock horse as was expected. As a class of
horses, his colts did not prove free, pleasant roadsters and drivers. He
transmitted a certain amount of speed, but it was not of the high type
and quality wanted. He has one in the 2.30 list, — Royal John, gr. g.,
rec. 2.26^, with twelve heats in 2.30 or better. His next fastest one
was Fred Billings, b. g., rec. 2.40, though he showed trials in 2.32,
and a half in 1.14.

Woodstock blood, through his sons and daughters, has been largely
bred upon the horses of Woodstock and vicinity. Quite a number of
I his sons were kept for the stud. The following are some of the most
prominent ones: Robert Bonner, b. h., foaled 1863, rec. 2.40; Killing-
ton, b. h., foaled 1863, rec. 2.42 ; the Gifford, or Wheat horse, b. h.,
I foaled 1863, trotted in 3.00; Young Woodstock, blk. h., foaled 1864,
rec. close to 3.00 ; Hermit, br. h., foaled 1865, rec. 2.40 ; Woodstock
j Prince, blk. h., foaled 1865, rec. close to 2.40 ; the Sherwin horse, blk.
h., foaled 1865 ; the O. E. Taylor horse, ch. h., foaled 1875, trotted
close to 2.40 ; Black Diamond, foaled 1867, rec. close to 2.40. All the
! horses named, excepting Young Woodstock and Woodstock Prince, are,
i or were, large horses, averaging fifteen and three quarters hands, and
I weighing from eleven hundred to twelve hundred pounds. Hermit
I proved the best sire for trotters, as he can be registered as standard on
I account of his record and the record of his get.

"^ The Vermont Horse Stock Company started their breeding stud at
Shelburne in 1871. They introduced some very high-bred horses. A
horse now owned by C. Morgan, of South Woodstock, was by one of
them, — " The Woodburn Pilot." Mr. Morgan's horse is a bay, foaled
in 1873, dam Morgan blood, and is the only Pilot horse that has been
owned or kept at Woodstock. His stock is promising.

The Hambletonian blood has been bred to a certain extent at Wood-
stock since 1876. The cross promises speed, and it is believed Wood-
stock will soon have the credit of raising one or more of the 2.30
horses.

Frederick Billings owned several seasons Gilroy, 1185, blk. h., foaled
1875, by Messenger Duroc, 106 ; dam by Harry Clay, 45. Gilroy is of the
same blood as Prospero, blk. g. ; Elaine, b. m., rec. 2.20 ; and Dame Trot,
b. m., rec. 2.22. Messenger Duroc has fourteen of the 2.30 horses to his
credit ; and fourteen of the 2.30 horses' dams are by Harry Clay, includ-

W. J. Dana Sc.

DRACO, I 16.

Blk. h., bred by Robert Lane, Danville, Vt. Foaled 1S53 ; sire, Young Morrill, 118 ; dam by the Josiah
Hoyt Horse. Record, 2.28^4, and is credited with siring three of the 2.30 horses. Dead.

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. 15

ing the dam of St. Julian, rec. 2. 11 J. Gilroy has shown trials better
than 2.30. His stock indicates great. promise of speed.^

The stock of A. W. Thomson's bay horse Extra, 1126, is showing
very promising as to speed. The first one of his get, as a six-year-old,
showed a trial in 2.36|, and a half in 1.16. Extra is sixteen hands
high, and weighs eleven hundred pounds; was by Lockwood, 1125;
dam by Woodstock, 873 ; grandam, the dam of Susie Taylor, by the
Harpiu horse, or Young St. Lawrence ; great-grandam by the Walker
horse. Lockwood sire, Aberdeen 27, is the sire of thirteen of the 2.30
horses, and is of the same blood as Dexter, 2.17^. Woodstock, Gilroy
and Extra are the only standard horses that have yet been owned or kept
at Woodstock. _

With the exception of the years 1848, 1849, 1851 and 1854, the pres-
ent Windsor County Fair has been held constantly at Woodstock. The
fine show exhibited each year in all the departments has made them very
attractive, and has caused a very large attendance, averaging from five to
eiffht thousand yearly. It was said at the time there were ten thousand
people present in the year 1856. Upon the whole this fair is one of the
best and most successful held in the State, and having been held so long
at Woodstock, it may be considered as almost a part of the town.

The trotting has been, and is, one of the great attractions, and if the
summaries of all the races were published in book-form, with a descrip-
tion of some of the best ones, it would be a work of much value and
interest. Only the best time made, and a notice of a few of the best
horses, can be given here. It should be remembered that the fairs at
first were not what they now are, or what they came to be in a few
years. The pens for the cattle, sheep, and hogs were arranged around
the Park. The horses were shown in the street, and were driven on
River Street to show their speed. The fact that no horses were driven
to sulkies at the first two or three fairs, shows how little speed in the
horse was thought of and considered then. The horses were ridden or
were driven to the road wagon to show their speed.

The first fair was held in the fall of 1846, and the Southgate or Whit-
ney horse, a son of Old Gifford Morgan, was awarded the first premium
as the best stock horse. In 1847 this was given to the Walker horse or
Morgan Tally-ho. In 1848 the fair was held at Springfield. The Bar-
nard horse, a son of Old Gifford, took the first premium. The Ken-
tucky Gold-dust horses sprang from this horse, as he was the grandsire
of Dorsey's Old Gold-dust.

In 1849 the fair was held at Windsor, and the Harlow horse, or Gray
Hawk, took the first premium. He was by the Walker horse, and a i
very strong, powerful-going horse ; was considered one of the fastest i
1 See " Queries and Answers " in The Turf, Field and Farm, Feb. 4, 1887.

16 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

ones. It is doubtful if he could have beaten three minutes much. At
first he was ridden in his trials of speed. Mr. Harlow had a sulky made
for him in 1850. In 1850 the Buckman horse, or Green Mountain, Jr.,
took the first premium. In 1851 the fair was held at Hartford. Edward
Collamer's five-year-old chestnut gelding made the fastest time, 2.57, on
a third of a mile track. In 1852 the horses were shown on Mr. Blake's
meadow, on a track a trifle over a third of a mile. The Benson horse,
a son of the Harlow horse, a large gray horse, showed quite well, as did
a bay one driven by Mr. Cook. The Fraser horse, a son of Old GifEord,
drew the first premium.

In 1853 the horses were shown again on Mr. Blake's meadow. Gard-
ner Winslow's five-year-old bay gelding, by the Harlow horse, made the
fastest time, 3.23. Jason B. Pierce's four-year-old bay mare, by the
Ransom horse, trotted in 3.25. A $15 purse was trotted for and won
by Mr. Pike's horse, of Cornish, N. H. The horses trotted on time.
The Weston horse, or Gray Eagle, five years old, was first seen at the
fair this year, and was sired by a son of a spotted horse owned in Pom-
fret, known as the Perry horse. A gray horse, owned by Mr. Morrill of
Sharon, was given the first premium as the best stock horse.

In 1854 the fair was held at Hartford, and several purses were trotted
for. Mr. Dotie's horse made the fastest time, 2.57. Holden Hatch's
three-year-old chestnut stallion won one purse, his best time 3.08 ; he
was a grandson of Vt. Black Hawk. In 1855 the present grounds were
purchased, and the fair has been held upon them every year since. The
fair was a great success this year. The trotting was very interesting, and
was all for premiums. J. J. Bowen's five-year-old black gelding made
the fastest time, 2.58. Mr. Weston's Gray Eagle trotted in 3.00. Ver-
mont Boy, owned at this time by Mr. Gilson, trotted in 3.10.

The fair for 1856 was the largest one that had been held ; the show
in all the departments the very best. The show of horses and cattle
never was larger or better. The grand cavalcade of all horses reached
nearly around the track, and was a very imposing sight. The Carter
horse, or Quechee Boy, won the premium over Cheney's Lightfoot, time
3.00 ; he was by Old Green Mountain ; was sold the next spring and
taken to Tennessee. J. J. Bowen's little roan mare Bethel Maid was
first seen this year at the fair, and made the fastest time, 2.54. She was
beaten in a trial of speed by Ballard's b. g. Ratler. They trotted a race
the next day after the fair, and Ratler won ; his fastest heat was 2.52.
They trotted another race that fall on the Woodstock track, and the
Maid won in straight heats, her fastest one 2.51.

In 1857 Vermont Boy, then owned by Wm. Sturtevant, made the
fastest time, 2.52 ; he won the purse and also the race with Cheney's
Lightfoot. He was taken to Tennessee the next spring, and sold to the

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. 17

parties that bought the Carter horse. The Carter horse, or Quechee
Boy, lived but a short time after he was taken to Tennessee.

In 1858 Ballard's Telegraph, or Kentucky Hunter, b. h., made the
fastest time, 2.51 ; he won over Gray Eagle or the Weston horse. A
gray horse from Rochester was awarded the premium as the best stock
horse. There were three purses trotted for after the fair on the track.
C. B. Ballard's gr. g. Franklin won over Bethel Maid ; his fastest heat
2.49. Wm. Sturtevant's b. g. Thunderbolt beat Brattleboro' Maid, best
time 3.00 ; and Cheney's b. h. Lightfoot beat the Strong mare and one
other ; his fastest heat 2.54.

In 1859 the trotting for the premiums was very interesting and ex-
citing, much more so than usual. Telegraph, or Kentucky Hunter, won
the big purse in five heats, his fastest one 2.46. Thunderbolt took one
in 2.46. Flying Cloud, or the Davis horse, won the premium as the best
stock horse. In 1860 the fair was not as successful as usual, on account
of the weather. Telegraph, or Kentucky Hunter, won the big purse
again ; his best time 2.44. Old Green Mountain, twenty-six years old,
was shown at the fair, and he passed around the track followed by some
dozen of his sons. Their handsome shape and color, fine style, life, and
action, caused them to attract much attention and to be greatly admired.

In 1861 C. B. Ballard's ch. h. Wellington won the purse after a very
exciting contest ; best time 2.45. Draco trotted a race on the track this
fall, which was not much of a race ; fastest time 2.41;^. L. T. Tucker's
blk. h. Draco won the $100 purse in 1862; his best time 2.33|. This
was a very exciting race, as the little bay mare Empress took the first
heat in 2.31. The rest of the trotting was very interesting. In 1863
Draco won the $100 purse over Woodstock ; best time 2.39. His son,
Draco, Jr., or the Henry horse, won a purse ; best time 3.00. The trot-
ting in 1864 was rather a failure on account of the rain, and some being
afraid to trot their horses. Woodstock won the big purse ; his com-
petitor was a mare called Lakeshore Maid, but really the old trotter,
Miller's Damsel. Draco was on the ground, but was not entered. He
trotted the next week after the fair on the track in 2.34 ; his son Draco
Prince, then four, trotted a race with Alpine Boy. Alpine Boy won the
first heat in 3.07. Woodstock trotted a public trial at the fair in 1865 in
2.33 ; first half 1.14. Draco, Jr., or the Henry horse, won the race over
Green Mountain Banner ; best time 2.53. Banner has proved a much
better sire for trotters than the Henry horse, as he has two of his get in
the 2.30 list. In 1866 the big purse was trotted for by the W. H.
Walker bay gelding Richmond, and General Stark, when the bay gelding
won ; best time, 2.49, being made by General Stark. Two races were
trotted on the track after the fair, W. H. Walker's bay gelding winning
over Richmond, best time 2.46, and the Henry horse taking the other,

18 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

which was a sham race. In 1867 C. B. Ballard's gray mare Snow-
flake won her first race at the fair ; best time 2A0^. The five-year-old
chestnut gelding Joe Hunker won a very interesting race ; best time
2.49. He has since trotted close to 2.30. In 1868 Mountain Girl, ch.
m., won the big purse over Snowflake in four heats ; her best time, which
was the fastest, 2.36. Snowflake was lame. It rained so the third day
that the fair was postponed one week. In 1869 Snowflake won the big
purse ; best time 2.38f . The five-year-old bay gelding American Boy,
by Woodstock, showed quite well, winning two races over Susie Taylor
and Maggie Mitchell, and getting a record of 2.47^.

The trotting for the big purse in 1870 was a failure as far as any time
being made or any interest felt in the trotting. The six-year-old bay
gelding Fred Billings, by Woodstock, won a very interesting race in
straight heats ; fastest time 2.50. In 1871 Snowflake won the big purse,
and made her fastest time on the track, 2.34. Henry Wood's four-year-
old Cassius Prince got a record of 2.57^, and was but a neck behind
Young Cassius in 2.55.

In 1872 Fred Billings won the big purse ; best time 2.40^. The track
was lapped for him. The brown stallion Hermit, by Woodstock, won the
stallion race ; best time 2.39. General Lyon, 2.3 6|^, br. h., by Old Mor-
rill, was shown at the fair.

In 1873 Fred Billings won the big purse over American Boy ; fastest
heat 2.40. The little bay stallion Tarn O'Shanter, by Green Mountain
Banner, dam by Ethan Allen, won the stallion race over Cassius Prince,
Hermit, and Robert Bonner in straight heats ; best time 2.37^.

In 1874 the bay mare Kitty Cook, by Abraham, won the big purse ;
her fastest heat 2.34 ; if she had not been held in the last quarter, would
have trotted in 2.31 or 2.32. Cassius Prince won one race; best time
2.39. The track was made full length this year.

In 1875 A. H. Danforth's chestnut gelding Gifford Boy won two races,
beating Snowflake ; his best time 2.36. In 1876 there were over $600
offered in four purses. The large purse was $300, and was won by the
chestnut gelding Unknown in four heats, beating Bristol Bill and Young
Ratler, Bristol Bill taking the first heat in 2.33^. The fastest heat was
2.30^.

In 1877 Jeremiah, blk. g., by Hermit, won the $150 purse ; best time
2.44. The b. m. May Day, by Ballard's C. M. Clay, won one purse, best
time 2.42 ; and Ruby, ch. m., by Ballard's C. M. Clay, won a purse, fast-
est time 2.42i.

In 1878 Quechee Maid, by Ballard's C. M. Clay, won the big purse;
her fastest heat 2.33. Annie Lou, by Daniel Lambert, won a race, her
fastest time 2.40 ; and the black stallion Lyon Slasher won a purse, his
fastest heat 2.46.

DANIEL LAMBERT.

Ch. h., foaled 1858, by Ethan Allen; dam Fanny Cook, by Abdallah I. Second dam by Stockholm's
American Star. Bred by W. H. Cook, Ticonderoga, N. Y. ; now owned by Joseph Battel!, Middle-
bury, Vt. At the close of 1886 twenty-eight of his get in the 2.30 list.

\,E7igraving loaned by Joseph Battell, Esq.'\

HORSES OF WOODSTOCK. 19

In 1879 Annie Lou won the big purse ; her fastest heat 2.35 J. Ruby
won a race, best time 2.42J. Tommy, by Daniel Lambert, won two
heats, and made a dead heat in 2.43. The bay stallion Lockwood, by
Aberdeen, won a race in straight heats ; best time 2.47J.

In 1880 Colonel Peabody's b. g., by Daniel Lambert, won the big
purse; his fastest heat 2.36^. Susie L., ch. m., by Daniel Lambert, won
two races ; her fastest heat 2.39|. Wild Dandy, gr. g., won a purse ; his
best time 2.38. Green Mountain Boy, b. h., by Thomas Jefferson, won
a race ; his fastest heat 2.41.

In 1881 the bay mare Topsy D. won the big purse ; her fastest heat
2.36. Jessie, b. m., by Hermit, won a purse ; her best time 2.40. Lock-
wood won the stallion race ; his best heat 2.48.

In 1882 E. A. Perry's b. m. Susan P., by Cassius Prince, won two
races ; her fastest heat 2.41^. Hermit won the stallion race ; best time
2.54.

In 1883 Mountain Boy, b. h., by Daniel Lambert, won one purse ; his
fastest heat 2.37. Chromo, b. h., by Ballard's C. M. Clay, won the large
purse, his best time 2.38, and he won the stallion race. Frank D., b. g.,
by Defiance, won a purse ; best time 2.37.

There were eight hundred dollars in four races trotted for this fall on
the Woodstock track, October 26 and 27. The chestnut mare Ellen, by
Daniel Lambert, won the big purse in a hard race of six heats, beating
Ned Hastings, Frank D., and Fanny P. ; her fastest heat 2.36. Ned
Hastings won the second and fourth heat in 2.36 and 2.37. Frank D.
took the third in 2.37. Frank D. won one purse, his best time 2.38 ;
and Limber Jim won two, his best time 2.44.

In 1884 Driver, b. g., 2.19^, by Volunteer, won the large purse; his
fastest heat 2.30^. Dasie Dean, gr. m., won one purse ; her fastest heat
2.44^. Joel Todd, gr. g., won a purse ; his best time 2.43.

In 1885 Driver won the big purse again ; fastest heat 2.36. Little
Hopes, b. h., by Blackstone, won two races ; his best time 2.41. The
trotting for the premiums was very close and interesting.

In 1886 the brown gelding John S., by DeLong's Ethan Allen, made
the fastest time, 2.36. He won two races. The chestnut gelding Ben,
by Almot, won two races ; his fastest heat 2.40. The trotting premiums
were closely contested for, and good time was made by the winning
horses.

The trotting up to about 1860 was for premiums and for county horses.
This protective policy gave the owners of the county horses a fair chance,
which they improved, as the trotting for the premiums was very close,
interesting, and exciting, much more than it has been since for some of
the big purses. The trotting premiums were cut down for a few years,

20 HORSES OF WOODSTOCK.

and then were dropped, and the trotting was for purses open to all
horses. This was hard on the county horses, as they stood no chance
with the trained horses and ringers that were allowed to come in. The
result was that a large share of the purses were won by horses owned
out of the county and out of the State. This anti-protective policy has
greatly discouraged the training of the county horses. The trotting for
the large purse has often been a mere farce, not so interesting as the
trotting for some of the ten-dollar premiums. The large purse has been
considered the property of the owner or owners of a certain horse, as it
has been won for several successive fairs by a certain horse. A county
horse can win the premium but once, and why should a horse from any
part of the country be allowed to win the big purse more than once ?

Within a few years premiums for trotting have been offered again, and
<^e trotting for them has been very interesting and fast, and it has greatly
encouraged and stimulated the owners of county horses to show their
horses, and it would still more encourage them if part of the purses were
only for county horses.

A premium of $100 has been offered, open to all stallions, to be shown
with five or more of their get. It must be a very interesting sight to see
a number of the best horses in the country shown together with five or
more of their colts. Breeders would have a good chance to judge of their
respective merits.

STANDARD OF ADMISSION TO REGISTRATION.

ESTABLISHED BY THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF TEOTTING
HORSE BREEDERS.

In order to define what constitutes a trotting-bred horse and to estab-
lish a breed of trotters on a more intelligent basis, the following rules are
adopted to control admission to the records of pedigrees. When an ani-
mal meets the requirements of admission and is duly registered, it shall
be accepted as a standard trotting animal.

1st. — Any stallion that has himself a record of two minutes and thirty
seconds (2.30) or better, provided any of his get has a record of 2.40 or
better, or provided his sire or his dam, his grandsire or his grandam, is
already a standard animal.

2d. — Any mare or gelding that has a record of 2.30 or better.

3d. — Any horse that is the sire of two animals with a record of 2.30
or better.

4th. — Any horse that is the sire of one animal with a record of 2.30
or better, provided he has either of the following qualifications: 1. Rec-
ord himself of 2.30 or better. 2. Is the sire of two other animals with
a record of 2.40 or better. 3. Has a sii-e or dam, grandsire or grandam,
that is already a standard animal.

5th. — Any mare that has produced an animal with a record of 2.30
or better.

6th. — The progeny of a standard horse when out of a standard mare.

7th. — The progeny of a standard horse out of a mare by a standard
horse.

8th. — The progeny of a standard horse when out of a mare whose
dam is a standard mare.

9th. — Any mare that has a record of 2.40 or better, and whose sire
or dam, grandsire or grandam, is a standard horse.

10th. — A record to wagon of 2.35 or better shall be regarded as equal
to a 2.30 record.