MS eau NOILNLILSNI NOILNLILSN LIBRARIES INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3ZIYVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI SAIMVUAIT LIBRARIES INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI INSTITUTION Saluva9l Ydi7_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN NOILNLILSNI INSTITU S3IYVYSIT LIBRARIES NVINOSHLINS S3IYV NVINOSHLINS SAILYV INSTITUTION NVINOSHLINS S31YVYSII LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLINS SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI saluvugi LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN IES SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS NOILNLILSNI LIBRARIES NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS: S31YVYUAIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI SalyvudIT_LIBRARIES SaINVYSIT_LIBRARIES Ss3zluvyudl INSTITUTION INSTITUTION 1ES_ SMITHSONIAN NOILNLILSNI S SHIYVYUEIT_LIBR SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLINS S3IYVUEIT LIBRARIES NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLINS ee NVINOSHLINS SaluvudI7 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILS INSTITU NOILNLILSNI Salayv INSTITUTION INSTITL SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLINS S31YUV NOILNLILSNt LIBRARIES NOILNLILSNI NOILNLILSNI INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI SaluYvudil LIBRARIES : x SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN ”, SaIYVUAIT LIBRARIES INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI INSTITUTION INSTITUTION INSTITUTION Saluvudly NVINOSHLINS SJ INSTITL S31YVYGIT LIBRARIES NVINOSHLINS S3Iluyv NVINOSHLINS S31YVYEITLIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLINS SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN -1ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN ES NOILNLILSNI NOILNLILSNI LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILONLILSNI NWINOSHLINS INSTITL NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS SJIYV NVINOSHLINS S3I1yYvuait 4917 LIBRARIES YgI7 LIBRARIES ITION NOILNLILSNI Ygi1 LIBRARI Ya lt LIBRARIES TION Ss ITION a TION quis {eo} RIES SMITHSONIAN. INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31uYvVYNaIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTI ” S ” = (79) = n = wo us SE & a uw ca LN LA = Pe NG ne = = a am ne Jp am a — Wigs Sd joa _ fad a < YY Lb x \ = 5 ANY = LD: 5 = S NW = 5s NS \ S 2 . AE: 8 Wi pz ce e a SS ze Py 4 “he “2 E WW" 2, Uf fe! = Z F ‘NAY’ 2 eS : > ‘ - » SS — — SY eo = a. 3 A 2 a 2 oe = ILSNI —NVINOSHIIWS S3IYVHEIT_LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI_NVINOSHLIWS S318 a x = ? 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NVINOSHLIWS S31uvugi7_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _ INSTI o = wo = a o S he 2 bas 4 aD es a Ks uw o a > Ay = 2 WWE = LO ~ 2 WWE = Ww as - 4/ Be 2 E Ge QQ & m WW g mi oe & 2 a Wg ad on — (op) — = RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNINVINOSHLINS, SA1YVYGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTI : Sa. 5 = fy,,3 S x's 4 x ear = Ul t =t x NE 2 \g : 3 2 YGy.% “xi = QO n (79) ae Ss Sw ane) wn Cpe Wiig a \& WN wn a - SA SY oO 50 13 Bs SAN fo) ip fo) Op fe i SRN [e) x= a wr 2 E No" 2. : 247 fh = NS 2 e ISN? Fea hae, a 2 otunaiisnt@ ee LILSNI_NVINOSHLINS S31YVYGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN STITUTION: .NOLAL SN Nee S ES ae 2% ” = ” z i 2 * ul wn es w lu wo = an ¥ ve : : : : “ - 4 We = ot 4 = Oe, x 4a VSSQ < =f a S a c oc 4 _ ce = a = = ree] = m ) = 3 an fe) _ 4 = 4 Zz al = = = \RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNINVINOSHLIWS S31uvuaI7 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INST! = os on™ Oo 2 Se a eee = ote = CUO Mr SOOO Ts A aS a wer Nieleo url Wwe ( auto 7 ‘i may aoe NS a abe a OF EXOTIC ENTOMOLOGY, CONTAINING UPWARDS OF SIX HUNDRED AND FIFTY FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF FOREIGN INSECTS, INTERSPERSED WITH REMARKS AND REFLECTIONS ON THEIR NATURE AND PROPERTIES. BY DRU DRURY. = A NEW EDITION, BROUGHT DOWN TO THE PRESENT STATE OF THE SCIENCE, WITH THE SYSTEMATIC CHARACTERS OF EACH SPECIES, SYNONYMS, INDEXES, AND OTHER ADDITIONAL MATTER. BY JO Wiis TW OOD. EyEss. Soc. C/ES, NAT. CUR. MOSQ. SOC. ETC. KETC. 1A QA LONDON: HENRY G. BOHN, 4, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. MDCCCXXXVII. vie A i? 7 yy ¥ : Cia * ae aan on a _ i Aa) _ 7 h _ a a A is io p 4 _ var fj on to ny _ ; nm a 7 a : one opi We ‘e i: ron vel bist y Ki hy ¢ 7 Nl ane ; by ? rw bx - ¥ th an es | 7 i “i es mo) : 7 os : 7 o ” aay mm p pr _ ui ™ ; ile 7 a _ v4 , i? - Uae As a n an eee 2 Call a a i =) a) ANG Fras ih : ion fal nf Uy A ae ih: ca eae F _ iv si 7 a) 2h vat AN Ff 7 ‘ : . —— ‘ iM, i ee i min " 1 Y Me i ya an " bi: wie iD; ue ge , Te hal Af a by 7 % Mc ie " Ned oo Gat ‘ ‘a A ip in 7 a > ~ : cn a “ y a) = fs Tied ai 7 _ ] 7 a i 5 iL a ably a (tise! i ~ - OG i ay eT? : “0 pa io a, ~ ; amen. rm he a ee cay 7) se * fe oN) ee a ie i ath c el ir Pp 7 eae _# 4) 4 n - 7 mn ar a oe © = i Nie i, i , take : - a) 7 7” u ; : ae en i | uy a nn f f _ . aa : rae Ja a he ren i * = - : a 7 : i> I ae th _ ‘ rel "1 ¢* : a ; ° "y . ‘1 rar i iy be ‘i Ws tk 4 i’ - 7 U ; 7 ~— a a pow . as - - 40 Pa f Py iden 7 ¥ a . ’ ; a si ‘ome ry bors aie im a a ony rn i ¥ "s 7 > a ; - a) ii 1 Me i) : D 7 i ‘ a My i v . : : tie 5 i i, 7 y | a ed a ° aad nite i j TT ier? a a ¥ iy _ 4 Oke? ine 7 7 ; : ie \ a 7 . id ui ids a . ST a : on rn oa, 7 d a riaw i : 7 " te ry : I ay ie da) iy ob A, bili i ie ra Ty ra > a i 7 , ay) V1 “qi 7 tbe oT Ain j a : fy z| 7 oe : , UN te. se ia ‘D 7 ve ye - ay, ae Pre er i 7 7 i Se’ e ie tar ie! qqeeeie ai i : tis ay a> ae Oke ay 7 : ts ak i id il mary a - ; ! ‘5 m » 4h om o pho - iis x (i : i tng wl ke “(ee Su eg a ny (0, = lan 7 ¥) ie 7° 7 7 vi _ ie a he i et Sade ees ant ta ia m4 fia Ny uw an). . E Me : i. sett iin ie a k a) i@ oo dhs i y : 7 pe ta es! Pel np, : al . * reer iio hiv iia hicdreent aa an : io. _ wo id 7 ri f , “A ; wh aa , mi. : a. : ; si 7 eau! —— ) ad vi A a 7 a wt) : ; ; : : _ i ' 7 a } 1S ' " is — i . 7 : oo ST a 7 an on pe 7 / ee er 7 ae As Mi a Tye . By 4 : ! , & > our rr i : . : LG Hii, y 4 s 4h, : fe ot) rs > Altes | - - _ = va : <1, ah. ih 7 4 aia: % h i; - le - P : y ; 7 ts 0 > a 7 co a 7 , maT, - ‘ el aT ho) : 7 on a - 7 ’ _ my, a4 —— » t ae oh S j is - iu : a 7 ‘ | : a y i : - 1] Pa: - n} 7 \ ie P 7. Burm yer? ir : fi cen 5 en a - uy a. _ ; ue Py ef _ > ae © : | mies ay Ly - 7 ; oft 7 ena, hae » oe ound th : i ‘eo Si, oan ' 7 e ae ; ; nN ye i, ; mM 7 : a roe a f ‘i A of a. 7 - f vw i a wh 1 i - 7 7 i ny ? : 7 Mi " " 7 J pe - 7 PREFACE TO THE PRESENT EDITION. Tue acknowledged value of the figures contained in Drury’s “ Illustrations,”* the extreme rarity of many of the insects figured therem, which continue up to the present day to be unique, and the scarcity of the work itself, which appears almost unknown to Continental Entomologists, having induced the proprietor of the plates to republish the work, I have consented to undertake the charge of bringing it forth in a form more adapted to the present greatly advanced state of Entomology. How far I have succeeded must be left for the candid Entomologist to decide. It is fit however that, by way of be- speaking indulgence for the numerous errors into which I fear that I have, notwithstanding all my care, fallen, I should mention the obstacles which have operated against my giving the work that perfect style which I could have wished it to possess. Of these the chief difficulty has arisen from the non-possession of the specimens which served for the origmal illustrations, without which it may be readily conceived that it has been impossible to ascertain with precision many of the more minute characters, of which the present state of the science requires the investigation ; thus in many cases I have been obliged to remain in ignorance of the particular structure of the antennz, trophi and legs, and the disposition of the ves of the wings, in many of the smaller species of Lepidoptera, so that the precise genera may not in some instances be correctly stated ; and to many I have been compelled to attach marks of interrogation for the like reason. Another and equally strong obstacle has been produced from the little attention paid to exotic * The original title of this work, Vol. I., was “ Illustrations of Natural History, wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred and forty figures of Exorric Insxcts, according to their different genera, very few of which have hitherto been figured by any author, being engraved and coloured from nature, with the greatest accuracy, and under the author’s own inspection ; on fifty copper-plates ; with a particular description of each Insect, interspersed with remarks and reflections on the nature and properties of many of them, by D. Drury, 1770.’ The second volume containing upwards of two hundred and twenty figures, on fifty copper- plates, appeared in 1773 ; and the third containing upwards of two hundred figures, also on fifty plates, was not published until 1782. The majority of the plates were drawn and engraved by the celebrated Moses Harris, but some of the plates in the last yolume were by a different hand. . 1V Lepidoptera by modern Entomologists. More than two-thirds of these Illustrations are illustrative of that beautiful order of insects ; and yet, with the exception of some of the showy butterflies and moths, scarcely a reference is to be found even in the works of Fabricius, the personal friend of Drury, whose Entomologia Systematica, published in 1793 and 1794, contains the last general summary of the species of this order ; Gmelin also, whose Systema Nature it has been the fashion to decry, but which, as a laborious compi- lation from the works of preceding and chiefly Continental authors, is of great service,” was only acquainted with these illustrations through the early works of Fabricius.+ It is true that M. M. Boisduval and Guérin have respectively published various new exotic Lepidoptera, especially of the Nocturnal group, in the Voyages of the Coquille and Astrolabe ; but we still want a general revision, not only of the species but of the genera of this order. It was to have been hoped that, as regarded the Javanese species, this would have been effected by Dr. Horsfield, whose work upon the Lepidoptera of Java, as far as published, leaves nothing to be desired of the structural details of the species illustrated therein. M. Boisduval also, in his Histoire Naturelle des Lépidopteres, has treated the subject in a masterly manner, availing himself both of the preparatory states and veining of the wings; but we greatly miss those beautiful details which render the works of Horsfield and Curtis invaluable. It is im this comparative ignorance, both of the structural and metamorphotic details of exotic Lepidoptera, that we may attribute the want of a sound and philosophical distribution of the order in question ; and which at the same time prevents us from determining the situation of many remarkable and anomalous groups. Of these the genera Castnia, Urania, &c. and the whole tribe of the Zygenide may especially be mentioned ; and it is with the view of inciting enquiry into this part of the subject, that I have introduced many of the latter species into the genus Callimorpha amongst the Nocturnal moths. Another obstacle has been produced by the little attention paid by the Entomologists of the last century to the geographical situation of their insects ; as an instance of this, it will be sufficient to mention that Linneus and Fabricius made use of the term “ In Indiis” generally, to indicate that an insect was an inhabitant either of the West or East Indies. Drury indeed appears to have paid more than the ordinary degree of attention to this part of the subject, as appears from the Catalogue of his Insects, which I obtained at the sale of Mr. Donovan’s collections, to whom, as appears by a note, they were presented by Mr. Drury. Thus under Lucanus interruptus, (Genus Passalus, Fabricius,) we find the following entries :— * A similar compilation bringing down the science to the present time would be invaluable, even with all the inaccuracies charged to Gmelin. + This is evident from Gmelin’s occasionally copying some of Fabricius’ erroneous references, e. g- Bombyx ornatrix, Gmel. p. 2444, with a reference to Drury, y. 1. t. 74. as in Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 586. instead of tab. 24. Vv 7. 38. Interruptus, Muskito Shore, Capt. Keay, also at Maryland, New York, Caro- 8. 3. Interruptus, Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, \ lina, where they are very large. 9. 3. Interruptus, Maryland, Mr. Milward, 1756, Lin. Syst. p. 560, f. 4. 10. 4. Interrupt. var. Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775, that on the right hand from Mr. Laing, at Tobago. 12. Interrupt. var... . . . . Bought at Seymour’s sale. Here it is quite evident that Drury had carefully noted down the localities of all the specimens of this insect which he possessed, and which are now described as distinct species; and this extract will I think be quite sufficient to shew, that from the careful manner in which these Catalogues were kept by Mr. Drury, we are entitled to regard them, when there happens to be a difference between the works of Drury and Fabricius, Linneus, &c. as at least of equal authority with the writmgs of these authors. I regret that these Catalogues did not come into my hands until after the first and second volumes of this edition were printed off. I have incorporated the notes in the third volume ; and have given, as an Appendix, extracts from these Catalogues, where there happens to be any variation or doubt as to the locality of any of the species figured in the first two volumes. I have almost invariably adopted the very proper principle of referring to that name, either generic or specific, which has the priority in point of date. In the first edition, the first volume appeared without specific names, which were at that time a novelty but recently introduced by Linneus. In the second volume, however, an appendix was given, containing specific names both of the first and second volumes, and a similar appendix was given at the end of the third volume ; but no specific names appeared in the body of the work. To many of the names contained in the appendices Fabricius referred, many he entirely omitted, and for many he substituted others. These last I have of course rejected ; and have in many instances given the dates when the names were first imposed by the different authors—a plan which would be very serviceable if generally adopted. I have, likewise, made a point in many cases of restoring the specific proper names, where, in consequence of a change in the sex of the generic name, a corresponding change had been made in such specific name. ‘This alteration had been carried to a great extent in the Encyclopédie Meéthodique ; and many male and female proper names had been completely altered, in order to suit them to the sex of the new genera in which they were placed. This was, however, an error on the wrong side ; because it is admitted as an established principle, that if it should be thought necessary to subdivide a genus, the names of the subdivisions should be of the sex of the original generic name. The plan upon which the first edition of this work was published may be seen from the following specimen, which is one of the shortest given, but which will be sufficient to shew not only the style of the former edition, but also the manner in which I have treated the subject and the additions which I have introduced. vi Vol. I. Plate 11. Fig. I1].—Expands about three inches. Fig. I1I.—I] deploye ses ailes environ trois pouces. Upper Side.—The antenne are black. The Le Dessus.—Les antennes sont noires. La téle head, thorax, and abdomen brown. All the wings le corcelet et ’abdomen bruns. Les ailes (dont les (the edges of which are even not dentated) are of bords sont unis ou point dentélés) sont dune a deep brown, with a shade of clay colour, rising couleur brune foucée, avee une nuance couleur near the anterior edges of the superior ones, runs d’argille se levant proche des bords antérieurs des along near the tips and ends at the external edges. ailes supérieures, qui court le long prés des bouts et finit aux bords extérieurs. Under Side.—The eyes are black, the palpi Le Dessous—Les yeux sont noires, les anten- yellow. All the wings are the same brown colour nules jaunes. Toutes les ailes sont de la méme as the upper side, with the clay-coloured shade near couleur brune que en dessus, avec la nuance d’ar- the tips as on that. The superior wings have five gille proche des bouts chacune des ailes supérieures whitish spots on each placed on a row near the a cing taches blanchatres, placées sur une ligne external edges, the inferior ones have on each some- pres des bords extérieurs. Les inférieures ont times five and sometimes seven spots of the same chacune quelquefois cing et quelquefois sept taches colour placed in a circular row, that meets near the de la méme couleur rangées circulairment et se extremity of the body. rencontrant prés de ’extrémité du corps. I received it from China. I cannot find it any Il lai recue de la Chine. Je ne le trouve point where described. décrit. The name of Papilio Eumeus was consequently proposed for this insect in the Appendix to the second volume. Amongst the manuscripts with which I have been favoured by the relatives of Mr. Drury, or have obtained elsewhere, are comprised a variety of notes relative to the pub- lication of this work, and of observations from which the following are selected. He notices that “his descriptions are only intended to assist the reader in ascertaining the different species; and that they are not intended to be so complete as to give a perfect idea of the animal without the help of the figure.” He alludes to the difficulty not only “ of ascertaining true colours or calling them by their proper names,” but also of ‘colouring the prints so, as to exactly represent the natural specimens,’—that he has mentioned and given English names to no more parts of insects than had suited his purpose for describing them,—that ‘there are some parts mentioned in the descriptions which cannot be seen in the plates, such as the Gorget (Sternum), &c. which may serve not only to assist in classing them, but to ascertain their species.” ‘* The descriptions of the Hymenoptera are not intended to be so complete as to give a perfect idea of the insect, but are only given to assist the reader in observing the figures.” «« All the descriptions are taken from the insects themselves ; whatever defects, there- fore, are to be observed in comparing them with the coloured figures must be imputed to the artist, as it would not be proper to describe them according to the prints, but to nature.”— vil It is in consequence of this last remark that I have been careful to omit nothing of the original edition in this edition of the least importance, but have given the description as much as possible in the words of the author himself. I have also added a general Systematic Index to the entire work, and an Alphabetic Index, in which the names employed in the first edition are distinguished by an asterisk. The collection formed by Drury was exceedingly choice, and had occupied nearly thirty years in its formation ; for although, as Drury himself says (in one of the printed circulars which he distributed with a view to its sale) ‘there may be in Holland collections more nume- rous, having in many instances a great number of a single species) yet no collection abounds with such a wonderful variety in all the different genera as this. All the specimens of which it is composed, are in the highest and most exquisite state of preservation, such an extensive collection can be supposed to be, and a very considerable number are unique, such as are not to be found in any other Cabinet whatever, and of considerable value ; many of which, coming from countries exceedingly unhealthy, where the collectors, in procuring them, have perished by the severity of the climate, give but little room to expect any duplicate will ever be obtained during the present age; and the learned quotations that have been taken from it by those celebrated authors Linneus and Fabricius, in all their late editions, are incontestable proofs of the high degrees of estimation they entertained of it.” This statement was made in 1788, when the author had consumed upwards of twenity- five years in its formation, and at which period no less a sum than £4,000. had been expended upon the collection. At this period the collection consisted of— Subjects. Different Species ae COleopteradecccoses tJ 5 ? I Pp torum nigrorum divisa; anticis apice productis, posticis subeaudatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Charonia, Drury, App. v.2. Cramer, Pap. tab. 4, pl. 47. fig. A. B.C. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.p. 119. No. 364. Ene. Méth, ix. p. 308. 27 (Vanessa Ch.). Haprrat: China (Drury). India (Fabr.). Upper Side. The thorax and abdomen black, and furnished with grayish hair. The ground of all the wings is black; but towards the body inclines to copper. On the anterior wings, near the tips, is a white spot placed close to the anterior edge. This edge is narrowly bordered with blue, and dappled with little wave-like stripes of black; from whose middle an oblique blue spot, almost half an inch long, extends down the wings. A little below this, arises a light blue bar of lunules, which runs even with the external edge, and is continued transversely across the posterior wing, excluding the anal angle. On this blue bar, in the posterior wings, are placed six small black angular spots. Beneath these is a E 2 28 narrow double border of blue, running along their external margin. All the wings are deeply dentated and angulated. ; Under Side. The ground of the wings is of a dark orange, with various broad transverse purplish shades, and with a variety of irregular small wave-like markings, and different tints of brown, intermingled with orange shades. The under side of the male is of a very dark brown, almost black, with some faint wavings, which are not so strong and beautiful asin the female. ARGYNNIS ERYMANTHIS. Plate XV. fig. 3. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Faminy: Nymphalide. Genus. Areynnis, Fab. Latr. God. Argyreus, Scop. Papilio (Danai Festiv.), Drury. ARGYNNIS ERYMANTHIS. Alis subrotundatis, subdentatis, fulvis, anticis fascia flavescenti transversa media nigro muculata, apice nigris; posticis serie punctorum, duabusque lunularum nigrorum. (Expans. Alar. fere 3 une. [Drury], 2 unc. [ Enc. Méth.]). Syn. Papilio (Dan. Fest.) Erymanthis, Drury, App. v. 2. Cramer, pl. 238. fig. 9. Fab. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 139. 427. Ene. Méth. ix. 257. Papilio Lampetia, Cram. Pap. pl. 148 fig. E. Hasitat: China (Drury). Coromandel, Java (Enc. Méth.). Upper Side. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings, next the body, of a dark tawny orange, which colour occupies about half the wings, and is bounded by a very irregular line. A broad black patch occupies the tips of the wings, beginning about the middle of the anterior edge, and extends along the external one to the interior angle; on which, near the tips, are two clay-coloured round spots; and below them, in some specimens, are two more spots near the external edge. The space between the black patch and the tawny orange is of a clay colour, with three round black spots on it, the lower one the largest. Posterior wings tawny orange, the posterior edges being of a dirty brown; and above them are seen two rows of black crescents irregularly placed, over these are five round black spots. The wings are slightly dentated, the inferior ones most. Under Side. All the wings clay colour. A dark, faint, engrailed line, composed of a number of crescents, joined together, runs transversely across the superior and inferior wings, extending to the anal angle. HIPPARCHIA LEDA. Plate XV. fig. 5. 6. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FamiLy: Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus. Hrpparcurta, Fabr. Stephens. Satyrus, Latr. et God. Argus p. Scop. Orcades, Hubn. Papilio (Nymphales Gemmati), Drury. HIPPARCHIA LEDA. Alis angulatis supra corticino-fuscis ; anticis ocello apicis sesquialtero in plaga magna lutea, posticis ocellis duobus ; omnibus subtus griseo-reticulatis striga ocellorum. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Gemm.) Leda, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2.773. No.151. Drury, App. v.2. Fabricius, Ent. Syst. 3.1. p. 108. 333. Cramer, Pap. pl. 196. C. D. and pl. 292. fig. A. Encycl. Meth. ix. 478. No.4. (Satyrus L.) Papilio Solandra (var.?) Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 106.828. Donovan Ins. New Holl. pl. 23. f. 1. Hazitar: China (Drury). Ind. orient. (Weber MSS.). Sierra Leone (Fabr. 22). Mauritius (Encyel. Meth.). Otaheite and New Holland (Fabr. and Donovan, P. Solandra). 29 Upper Side. Antennze, thorax, and abdomen of a dark brown colour. All the wings dark olive brown. On the anterior wings, near the tips, are two black circular spots united together: the lower one being the largest, each having a small white one in its centre. On the posterior wings are two black circular eyes, towards the anal angle; their irides being of a gold colour, and the pupils white. The superior wings are a little dentated, the inferior ones being angulated. Under Side. All the wings, on this side, are of a very pale brown, marked all over with short, crooked, wave-like stripes, of a dark brown colour, almost black. On the anterior wings are four eyes, the largest, situated near the middle of the wing, is encircled with yellow, its centre being white; below this is a small one, and two other small ones are placed near the tips. Posterior wings, with a row of six black eyes near the external edge, whereof two are much larger than the rest; the irides of all being yellow, and the pupils white. That next the anal angle is sesquialterate. In some specimens these eyes are less distinct than in others; in some there are not more than five to be discerned, and only one on each superior wing; in others not more than three can be distinguished, the small ones being entirely wanting. Drury observes (Introd. to vol. iii. p. 16.) that this insect very much resembles a species sent by Mr. Smeathman from Africa, which comes out only about sunset, and is then to be found in dark shades, wavering about amongst the early flyimg noctue, and other nocturnal species. In some manuscripts of the late Professor Weber of Kiel, in my posses- sion, the East Indies are given as the habitat of this species. CASTNIA LICUS. Plate XVI. fig. 1. 2. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Section ; Hesperi Sphinges (Latr.). Faminy : Castniide. Westw. Genus. CastTNnIA, Fabricius, Latr. God. Dalman. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.), Drury. Castyta Licus. Alis integris, supra atris nitidis ; anticis sesquifascié alba, posticis serie marginali punctorum rubrorum fasciaque obliqua alba. (Expans. Alar. fere 4 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Licus, Drury, App. v. 2. Cramer, pl. 223. fig. A.B. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 45, No. 137. (Licas.) Papilio Lyeus, Herbst. Pap. tab. 134. f.1.2. Merian Surinam, tab. 36. Castnia Licus, Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 797. HABITAT : Surinam. Upper Side. The antenne are dark brown, at the tips paler; and terminating in a point. The head, thorax, and base of the abdomen dark chocolate brown; the extremity and sides of the latter dark. Anterior wings of a fine deep chocolate brown. A narrow, irregular, and oblique cream-coloured bar runs across the wing; between this and the tip, from the anterior edge, runs another crooked irregular bar, of a much darker colour, reaching almost half across the wing towards the interior angle, the external margin being of a lighter shade. Posterior wings, having a white bar running transversely across the wing, widening by degrees, and ending at the anal angle. Six square orange spots also» of different sizes, are placed within the external margin of these wings. Under Side. Anterior wings, in the middle, dark chocolate; the tips dark fawn colour, lighter next the shoulders. The two irregular bars, on the upper side, are here a little broader. Within the external edge are three rather pearly white spots. Posterior wings greyish fawn colour, with the 30 external edges darker. A pale pearl-coloured bar runs across the wing beyond the middle, widening gradually; below this are some very faint brown spots, and near the external edge some faint orange ones, scarcely visible. The edges of all the wings are entire. The genus Castnia is another of those curious anomalous forms, which exhibit the characters of several groups. The general form of the wings is that of a moth, whilst the variegated colours, indicating diurnal flight, and the structure of the antenne are those of a butterfly. It is much fo be regretted, that travellers in South America have not ascertained the preparatory states of this extraordinary group, which alone will enable us satisfactorily to ascertain its real relations. GASTROPACHA? OTUS. Plate XVI. fig. 3. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Suction: Nocturna. Faminy: Bombycide, Steph. GENUS. GASTROPACHA? Ochsenh. Sphinx, Drury. GasTROoPACHA? Otus. Alis elongatis integris luteo-fuscis, anticis fasciis duabus denticulatis nigris. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Otus. Drury, Append. v. 2. Bombyx Agrius, Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 39. 56. Hapitat: Smyrna (Drury). Upper Side. The antennee and head are of a reddish brown; the former are strongly pectinated, and very broad in the middle, but at the extremities very narrow and curled. Thorax dark brown. Abdomen reaching half an inch below the wings of a reddish dun colour. Anterior wings dun colour; with a large spot or patch, of a darker colour, situated on the posterior margin, near the base. Two indented black lines run obliquely from the anterior edge, near the tip, to the posterior near the middle ; the space between them being rather lighter than the rest. Posterior wings dun colour, immaculate. All the wings, both on the under and upper sides, appear very shining and glossy; the scales or feathers appearing, when viewed through a microscope, very coarse and long. There is no tongue discoverable in this moth. Under Side. Breast and sides bright dun. The abdomen reddish dun. All the wings dun-coloured. The lower indented line appears faintly through the wing, of a dark brown colour, also a faint reddish brown indented line runs across the posterior wings. The edges of all the wings are entire. This insect, which appears to have been overlooked by modern authors, seems to form a connecting link between Zeuzera and Gastropacha, agreeing with the former in the general form, and with the latter im the transverse denticulated fascia on the anterior wings, and the curved antenne feathered to the tips. PAPILIO POLYDAMAS. Plate XVII. fig. 1. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. FamiLy: Papilionide, Leach. GENus. PaPpiuio (Equit. Troj.) Linn. Pap. PotypAmAs. Alis dentatis, nigro-virescentibus, fascia communi interrupta flava, posticis subtus maculis linearibus flexuosis rubris, tribus argenteis adjectis. (Expans. Alar. unc. 4.) Syn. Pap. Polydamas. Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 747. No. 12. Merian. Surinam. pl. 31. Cramer Pap. 18. p. 33. pl. 211. f.D.E. Herbst. Pap. t. 10. f.6.7. Boisd. et Leconte Icon. des Chen. de V Amer. Sept. pl. 1. Boisd. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. 321. No. 162. Hasitrat: America, from Georgia to Brazil, Antigua (Drury). Upper Side. The head and thorax are black; with two red spots on the neck, and two small white spots at the base of the antennz. All the wings are scolloped, and of a dark green colour. The anterior wings have a row of yellow spots rising near the tips, which, running across the middle of the inferior ones, in a circular manner, meet at the extremity of the body; some of them being shaped like the bearded points of arrows. The hollow or concave part of each scollop, in the inferior wings, is edged with yellow. Under Side. The head, breast, feet, and abdomen are black; with several red spots on the sides, abdomen, and shoulders. All the wings are black; the anterior having some of the yellow spots that are seen on the upper side; with seven irregular red spots, placed along the edge of each posterior wing, and three silver spots or marks joining to the second, third, and fourth. Linneus states, that this insect inhabits the Hibiscus mutabilis. By other authors it is stated to feed upon the Aristolochia Serpentaria, or Virginian snake-root. The cater- pillar is brown, with fleshy spines of the same colour, and red stripes, each segment also being ornamented with four eye-like spots, half yellow and half red. NYMPHALIS ASSIMILIS. Plate XVII. fig. 3. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NymPpuHALtis, Latr. et God. Papilio (Nymphalis Phal.), Linn. Drury. NYMPHALIS ASSIMILIS. Alis subrepandis nigris concoloribus, lineis maculisque albo-virescentibus, posticis striga apicali punctorum coccineorum. (Expans. Alar. fere 5 une. [Drury] 3} unc. [Enc. Méth.]). Syn. Papilio (Nymphal. Phal) assimilis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. p. 782. No. 194. Cramer, pl. 154. A. Esper. Pap. Exot. t.57.f.1. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 39. No. 114. (Papilio Eq. Ach.) HABITAT: China, Upper Side. Head black, with two white frontal spots. Thorax black, with three white stripes. Abdomen black, marked on the sides with white. Anterior wings sooty black, having a number of large spots and stripes on them of different forms and dimensions, of a greenish-grey colour. Near the external edge is a double row of sixteen small spots of the same greenish grey, and above them are five larger of a more circular shape. Posterior wings resemble the superior, but have a bread border of clearer black running along the external edge, whereon are five spots of a scarlet colour, ‘«clining to pink, one having a small black spot in the middle. The wings are slightly dentated. 32 Under Side. Body black, and ornamented with round spots of clear white. At the base of the wings, is a remarkable round spot of a clear white, about the size of a pin’s head. The wings are spotted as on the upper side, the greenish spots being rather larger, and in the inferior wings inclining to a yellow, the general ground of all the wings appearing more sooty on this side. LIMACODES? ARENACEA. Plate XVIII. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycide. Genus. LimacoprEs? Latr. Apoda, Haworth. Heterogenea, Knoch. Phalena Bombyx, Linn. LIMACODES? ARENACEA. Lutea, alis superioribus supra atomis nigris adspersis. (Expans. Alar.1 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) arenacea, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2.p.828. No. 65. Hapitat: Cape of Good Hope. Upper Side. Antennze pectinated, and of a yellow clay colour. ‘The head and thorax yellow, but covered over with hairs in such manner that the former cannot be distinguished. The abdomen, superior and inferior wings yellow. On the anterior wings appear some very minute black spots scattered thereon in a very irregular manner. ‘The wings are entire Under Side. The thighs, breast, and abdomen are very hairy. The superior and inferior wings of the same yellow colour as on the upper side, without a mark of any kind. 3 This insect appears most nearly to approach the genus Limacodes, Latr. SATURNIA CECROPIA. Plate XVIII. fig. 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Famity: Bombycide. Genus. Saturnia, Schrank. Latr. Attacus, Germar. Phalena (Bombyx), Linn. &e. SATURNIA CECROPIA. Alis anticis subfalcatis, posticis rotundatis ; omnibus griseis fascia communi fulva maculaque reniformi ocelloque apicali (in anticis) ornatis. (Expans. Alar. 6 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Linn. Syst. Nat. v. 2. p. 809. No.3. Cramer, Ins. 4. tab. 42. f. A. B. Catesby Carol. 86. t.86. Abbot and Smith, Ins. Georgia, tab. 45. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 408. No. 4. Gmel. Linn. 8. N. 2401. 3. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. p. 25.5. Hapitat: New York (Drury). North America (Linn. §c.). Upper Side. Antenne very broad, pectinated and black. The head is small and red. Neck white. Thorax covered with long orange-brown hairs. Abdomen alternately with broad stripes of white and orange brown, the latter being edged behind with black. Anterior wings, with two bars crossing from the anterior to the posterior edges. one at about three-fourths of an inch from the shoulders, whitish, edged on the outside with black; the other is orange, at about an inch distance from the external margin. The base of the wing is a fine orange brown. The middle is deep rusty brown, which, towards the upper part, is powdered with buff-coloured hairs. In the middle of this is a large white spot verged with black, somewhat resembling a kidney bean, and is broadly tinged behind with red brown. The extremity of this wing, next the bar, is the same dark brown, and powdered, having a black spot about 33 half an inch from the tip, having within it a semicircular mark ofa pearl colour. From this spot to the anterior edge runs a serpentine line of white, bordered on the outer side with red. Between this and the orange bar is a broad tinge of light purple. The other side, next the tip, is light brown, stained with blood colour. From the black spot to the interior angle runs a black serpentine line, inclosing a space of dark buff, between which and the dark buff margin is a light buffirregular stveak. Posterior wings similar to the superior, but the orange bar is redder and broader, running parallel with the external edge, and is bordered on the inner side with white; the part of the wing within this is deep rusty brown, with a larger white spot in the middle, verged with black, and tinged behind with red brown. ‘The colour below the red bar is deep rusty brown, the border along the external edge being of a dark dirty buff, whereon are two small dark lines, having an irregular indented line of the same dirty buff above them. The wings are entire. Under Side. The markings on all the wings are more distinct, and brighter than on the upper. The posterior wings, and the major part of the anterior, being covered with dust-like buff hairs, except the spots and buff margins round the edges. ‘The posterior wings along the anterior edges being verged with white, which becomes broader as it approaches the shoulders. The caterpillar of this fine moth feeds upon the wild American plum (Prunus Pensyl- vanica), garden plum, &c. It is thick and fleshy, of a pale green colour, with a pair of small blue spots on each segment, and with two rows of short and setose yellow dorsal tubercles. One observed by Abbot, spun up on the 17th of June, and the moth came out on the 30th of March following. The cocoon is attached to a twig. The outside web is coarse, and the inner covered with silk, like a silk-worm’s cocoon. Abbot states that this silk has been carded, spun, and made into stockings, and that it will wash like linen. The species is, however, too rare to be of any utility in Georgia. It is, however, much more abundant in the neighbourhood of New York, and has been bred in England from some brought over in the chrysalis state. It is difficult to rear it in confinement. SPILOSOMA ARGE. Plate XVIUL. fig. 3. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIon: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiidae, Steph. Genus. Sprtosoma, Steph. Arctia, Latv. Eyprepia, p. Ochs. Phalena (Noctna), Drury. SPILOSOMA ARGE. Allis albidis, nigro-maculatis et lineatis, posticis incarnatis linea marginali fulya; abdomine concolori maculis nigris. (Expans. Alar. | une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Arge, Drury, App. v.2. Oliv. Enc. Meth. 5, 92. 232. Bombyx Dione, Fabr. Ent. Syst.111. 1. p. 442. No. 106. Abbot and Smith, Ins. Georg. t. 63. Hasitat: New York; taken on the 20th day of May. Upper Side. Antenne filiform, and cream-coloured at the base, but black at their extremities. The tongue is small, and curled up. The neck red, having two small black streaks above it. The thorax and abdomen cream-coloured. On the former are three black streaks. On each annulus of the abdo- men is a black spot, and another on each side. Anterior wings cream-coloured, with many black spots and marks thereon, of different forms and sizes, and varying very greatly in different specimens. The I F 34 anterior margin red. Posterior wings almost transparent, dirty cream-coloured, tinged with red, whereon are many oblong sooty spots. Ciliae cream-coloured, within which is a narrow red line. Under Side. ‘The colours are more faint and dirty than those on the upper. Anterior femora red, with two black spots thereon, close to the head. ‘Tarsi black and cream-coloured. The caterpillar of this insect is brown, with five pale longitudinal lines, and with long hairs arising from fulvous tubercles. It feeds, according to Abbot, upon plantain, corn, peas, and many other plants. A specimen observed by this author was hatched on the 23d of July, spun up on the 28th of August, and the moth appeared on the 9th of Septem- ber. It is said occasionally to make great devastation among Indian corn. Sir J. E. Smith ascertained the specific identity of this insect from Dr. Hunter’s Museum, examined by Fabricius, who has neglected to cite Drury’s figure. SPILOSOMA CUNEA. Plate XVIII. fig. 4. OrpvER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiidae. Genus. Sprtosoma, Steph, Arctia, Latr. Eyprepia, Ochs. Phalzna (Noctua), Drury. SprnosoMaA CUNEA. Alis albis, anticis maculis permultis, posticis duabus nigris, abdomine concolori nigro-maculato. (Expans, Alar. 1 unc. 5 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) Cunea, Drury, App. v. 2. Phalena punctatissima, Abbot and Smith, Ins. Georg.t. 70? Hasitar: New York (Drury). Georgia and Virginia (Abbot and Smith). Upper Side. Antenne pectinated and black. There is no appearance of any tongue. Head white. Back and abdomen ash colour. Anterior wings white, with a great number of spots differently shaped of a sooty black colour. On the external margin are five spots, those nearest the tips being shaped like triangles. Posterior wings white, with a sooty spot on each near the external edge, and a very faint small mark near the exterior angle, Under Side. Legs black. Breast and abdomen ash colour. The wings marked as on the upper side. There seems little reason for doubting that this is identical with the Phalena puncta- tissima of Abbot and Smith, of which the female is entirely white. The last named species feeds upon the mulberry, persimmon, willow, and wild cherry of America. One observed by Abbot spun up on the 16th of May, and came out on the Ist of June. The whole brood of caterpillars feed together in a web, and will often entirely destroy the leaves of a small tree. The name proposed by Drury evidently alludes to the triangular spots on the margin of the anterior wings, and seems quite as expressive as that employed by Sir J. E. Smith, who seems to have treated Drury’s work on several occasions as scarcely deserving of notice. , NOCTUA (ACONTIA?) NUNDINA. Plate XVIII. fig. 5. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Noctuidee, Steph. Genus. Noctua, Auct. (SUBGENUS, Acontia? Ochsenh. Treit.) Phalena (Noctua), Drury. Noctua (AcontiA?) NunpinA. Alis anticis pallide cinereis albido variegatis, litera nigra ante apicem notatis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Nundina, Drury, App. v. 2. Hasitat: New York. Upper Side. Antenne thread-like, of a reddish brown. ‘The tongue curled spirally. Head and thorax ash colour. Anterior wings the same, whereon are several faint marks of a light sand colour. Close to the anterior margin, about a third from the tips, is a black mark, resembling an % of the German text characters. Posterior wings silvery white, with a small, faint, light, sandy border, and a small oblong brown discoidal spot. Under Side. Anterior wings silvery white, with a faint indistinct dark brown border running along the external margin, and two dark marks opposite the German text character. Posterior wings silvery white; the oblong brown spots are here plainly seen as on the upper side. PAPILIO PALAMEDES. Plate XIX. fig. 1. 2. ORDER : Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Papilionide, Leach. GENUS. PAPILIO, Auct. PAPILIO PALAMEDES. Alis dentatis nigris, fascid maculari maculisque marginalibus flavis ; posticis caudatis, his subtus ad basin vitta alba transyersa recta Iunulisque rufis. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Achiv,) Palamedes, Drury, App. v. 2. (1773). Cramer, pl. 95.fig. A. B. Pap. (Eq. Ach.) Calchas, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 453. No. 44, (1775). Ent. Syst. 3.1. p. 30. No. 90. Herbst. Pap. tab. 42. Boisduval, Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. 337. No. 178. Bdv. et Leconte, Icon. Lep. Amer. Sept. pl. 5. Hasirat: Carolina (Drury). Georgia, Virginia (Bdv.). Upper Side. ead, back, and abdomen dark brown; the latter striped on the sides with yellow. Two yellow lines, beginning at the palpi, encircle the eyes, and, running along the shoulders, end at the base of the inferior wings. Anterior wings brownish black; the external margin with small yellow crescents, above which are nine yellow round spots. Above this is another irregular row of yellow angular spots. Posterior wings brownish black, each with a tail. Above it are six yellow spots, reaching from the anal to the upper corner, with five small blue spots above them, above which a yellow irregular bar runs across the middle of the wing, having a black spot, whose upper edge is verged with blue, placed at the anal angle, with a small tinge of orange above and below it. Under Side. Breast and thighs yellow. Abdomen striped with yellow and dark brown. Anterior wings brownish black, with the same yellow spots and marks as on the upper side. Posterior wings brownish black, with six yellow spots near the external edge, having a mark of orange in the middle of each, above which is a row of orange crescents joined together, whose upper edges are silver, and below each of them is a black circular spot, whose inner part is a fine shining blue, from whence appears a great number of powder-like gray spots. The anterior edge next the shoulders, has a small orange streak, near which an orange-coloured line begins, running parallel with the abdomen. F2 36 The caterpillar is described by Boisduval as living upon several species of Laurus, and of a green colour, with pale blue spots, and scarlet belly and legs, with a scarlet eye-shaped spot on each side of the third segment. The chrysalis is gibbous, ferruginous on the back, with the belly rose-coloured, and four rows of pale blue dots. I have reverted to Drury’s specific name, which has certainly the priority, as appears from the dates which I have introduced amongst the synonyms. Dr. Boisduval has given another species of this genus under the name of Palamedes, described by Fabricius under that name, but considered by him to be a Nymphalis. This latter species must consequently receive a new denomination, MILITAA PELOPS. Plate XIX. fig. 3.4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FamiLty: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. MeELitma, Fabr. Argynnis, Latr. God. Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Drury. MELIT#A PeELops, Alis subrotundatis, integerrimis, supra fulvis nigro reticulatis; posticis subtts carneis fusco undatis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Pelops, Drury, App. v. 2- Argynnis Pelopsa, Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 290, No. 62. Hasirat: St. Christopher’s (Drury). Upper Side. ‘Thorax and abdomen brown, the latter spotted with faint brown orange. Wings black, with several rows of large brown orange spots, crossing the wings, of different shapes and sizes. Under Side. Anterior wings orange brown, spotted with black, having the appearance of indented lines running across them. Posterior wings dark flesh-coloured, marked and spotted with brown, and having five minute silver spots at equal distances, parallel with the external edge. The wings are entire. HESPERIA ARCAS. Plate XIX. fig. 5.6. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAamiLy: Hesperiidae, Steph. Genus. HeEsperta, Latr. Godart. Battus, p. Scop. Papilio (Pl.rurie), Linn. HESPERIA ARCAS. Alis nigricantibus immaculatis, margine integro, anticis subtis margine interno dilutiore macula parva unica alba. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. ruric.) Arcas, Drury. App. v.2. Papilio (Pl. urb.) Philemon, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 534. No. 392. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 346. No. 314. Hesperia Ph. Latr. God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 788. Papilio Flyas, Cram. pl. 328. E. HABITAT: St. Christopher's. Upper Side. ‘Thorax and abdomen black. Wings very dark brownish black, immaculate. gins entire. Mar- Under Side. Legs, breast, and abdomen dark brown, but rather lighter than on the upper side, immaculate, except a small white spot on the anterior, placed near the anterior edge towards the tip. EREBUS CREPUSCULARIS? Plate XX. fig. 1. 2. OrpxrR: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Noctuidx, Steph. Genus. Eresus, Latrielle. Thysania, Dalman. Noctua, Fabr. Phalena (Attacus), Linn. EREBUS CREPUSCULARIS? Alis griseis, fascié maculisque albis, anticis ocello fusco, posticis fasciis duabus dentatis fuscis fulvo marginatis. (Expans. Alar. 4 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Crepuscularis? Linn. S. N. 2. 811. No.13. Drury, App. v. 2. Oliv. Ene. Meth. 8. 255, 19. HAsitat: China (Drury). America (Linn.). Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Palpi standing erect above the head. ‘Tongue spiral. Neck with a narrow ring of white. Thorax dark brown. Abdomen dirty buff colour. Anterior wings dark nut brown at the base; paler at the external margin. On the anterior margin, next the tip, is a white subtriangular spot; and from the middle arises a white bar, which runs obliquely to the middle of the wing, but suddenly turns and runs to the base of the posterior margin; from the inner angle of this bar, near the middle of the wing, a black line runs towards the front of the wing, forming a large eye. Within the external margin are many dark and white marks. All the wings are scolloped. Posterior wings, next the shoulders, are of a dirty buff colour; remainder nut brown, separated by a narrow line of darker brown, beneath which runs a small narrow line of buff, and a quarter of an inch below this is another line, crossing the wing. From thence, to the external edge, are several darker coloured clouds, and white marks of different shapes and forms; particularly a white angular spot on the anterior edge, near the corner. Under Side. All the wings of a pale clay colour, inclining to buff. On the anterior, the two white spots at the tips, visible on the upper side, appear here also; and several smaller ones on other parts of the wings. The white bar being less distinct than the other white marks; but on the posterior wings the white angular spot, near the upper corner, is very plain and strong. The diversity of the habitats, given by Drury and Linneus, render it doubtful whether that figured by the former be identical with that described by the latter. NOCTUA LUNATA. Plate XX. fig. 3. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Noctuidae. Genus. Noctua, Auct. SUBGENUS. —? Noctua Lunata. Alis fuscis, strigis multis transversis; anticis macula centrali, alteré angulata apicali, fascidque obliqua postica nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Lunata, Drury, App. v. 2. HABITAT: Carolina, Virginia. Upper Side. The antenne light brown and setaceous. The tongue spiral. Palpi not very hairy. The head, thorax, abdomen, and wings hazel-coloured. Anterior wings with a waved line, of a dark brown colour, placed near the anterior angle, beginning at the posterior and ending at the external edge. At the shoulders, and along the anterior margin, are several small dark brown clouds and marks, that 38 produce a darker shade. Posterior wings with a series of narrow transverse waved lines, extending from the middle to the external edges. All the wings are dentated. Under Side. The breast, abdomen, and wings are all of a paler hazel colour. Anterior wings dappled with dark brown on the middle of the anterior edge, and spotted with minute short brown streaks, as well as the posterior. GEOMETRA (ANGERONA) SERRATA. Plate XX. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Geometride, Steph. Genus. GEOMETRA. Subg. Angerona, Duponch, Steph. Hipparchus p. Leach. Curt. Grom. (ANGERONA) SeRRATA. Alis Juteo-fulvis dentatis, fascia lata apicali macula basali anticarum fasciaque basali posticarum ferrugineis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin ) Syn. Phal. (Noctua) Serrata, Drury, App. v. 2. Habitat: New York; taken on the 26th of June. Upper Side. Antennee and head of a reddish buff colour, the former setaceous. Tongue very small and spiral. Thorax and abdomen yellow buff colour; as are all the wings in general. ‘The anterior having a bar of brown red colour, which begins at the tips, and runs across the wings, almost to the middle of the posterior edge; occupying all that space along the external margin. At the base is a small cloud of the same colour, but much fainter. Posterior wings with a broad marginal bar of the same brown red. A small faint line likewise crosses these wings. The buff ground is sprinkled all over with faint, irregular, dark brown spots, that in some specimens are scarcely visible. All the wings are dentated; the lower ones most deeply. Under Side. Wings yellow buff, with brown red markings, as on the upper side, but less distinct. The irroration stronger and plainer, being also sprinkled over the brown bars. ARGYNNIS PHALANTA. Plate XXI. fig. 1. 2. OrDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. FAminy: Nymphalidw, Swains. GeENus. ARGYNNIS, Fabr. Latr. et Godart. Argyreus, Scop. Dryades, Hubn. ARGYNNIS PHALANTA. Alis subdentatis, fulvis nigro maculatis, posticis subtus ad extimum argenteo-purpuras- centibus, ocellis aliquot fulvis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Phalanta, Drury, App.v.2. Fabr. Ent. Syst.111.1.p. 149. Latr. et God. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 259. Papilio Culumbina, Cram. pl. 337. D. E. (@) pl. 238. A. B. (9). Hasitar: China (Drury). East Indies (Fabricius, §c.). Isle Mauritius (I. O. W.). Upper Side. Thorax and abdomen of a dirty clay colour. Anterior wings of a fine deep clay colour, the tips being of a dirty black; which colour is continued, by irregular and indented marks, along the external edges, almost to the interior angle, where are several clay-coloured spots and marks. Above these are four round spots, running obliquely toward the shoulders. Several other black marks are dispersed on different parts of the wings, particularly near the anterior edges. Posterior wings deep clay-coloured, with two black waved or indented lines, running along the external margin. Over these 39 are four small, round, black spots, placed two and two. Above these, nearer the shoulders, are several small, black, oblong spots, placed irregularly. The wings, particularly the posterior pair, are a little dentated. Under Side. Anterior wings, at the base and along the posterior edges, clay-coloured. Near the interior angle of each wing is a round black spot; several others which are very small, oblong, and fainter, being scattered about on different parts. Posterior wings, at the base, fainter clay-coloured. About half the wings, from the external edges, are of a blueish clay colour, which is separated from the other part by a faint waved line of a reddish hue. Two other faint waved lines also run along the external edges, answering to the black ones on the upper side; and the four black spots seen there are very small on this side, being but just perceptible. MELITHA PHAETON. Plate XXI. fig. 3. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmriy: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. MELIT&A, Fabr. Argynnis, Latr. et God. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.), Drury. MELIT#ZA PHAETON. Alis subrotundatis integerrimis, nigris, singularum extimo supra, pagina omni subtis fulvo flavoque maculatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin. fere.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Phaeton, Drury, App. v. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 46. No.140. Cramer, pl. 193. f.C.D. Argynnis Phaetontea, Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 288. Boisduv. Hist. nat. Lep. pl. 7. B.f. 3. Hasirar: New York; taken in June and September, whence there are probably two broods in the year. Upper Side. Body and wings black. The anterior pair of the latter with nine red spots placed near the external edges ; above which are two rows of spots, of a lemon colour, with some other small ones placed near the upper edges. Posterior wings with eight red triangular spots, placed close to the external edges. Above these is a row of lemon-coloured crescents; and above that is another row of lemon-coloured round spots. The wings are entire. Under Side. Anterior wings black, with a red indented margin; within the external edge is a row of lemon-coloured crescents. Near the costa, about the middle of each wing, are two larger red spots, and a smaller one at the corner, next the shoulders. The remainder of the wings is sprinkled with lemon-coloured spots, of different shapes and sizes, in all about twenty-six on each. Posterior wings black, having their external edges margined with triangular red spots; above which is a row of lemon-coloured crescents; and over these is a row of round lemon-coloured spots. The remaining part of the wings is covered with lemon-coloured and red spots; the former very small, and the latter rather large, and angularly shaped. MELITMHA THAROS. Plate XXI. fig. 5. 6. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmrny: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. Meirma, Fabr. Argynnis, Latr. et God, Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Drury. MeELir#a TuHaros. Alis subrotundatis integerrimis, supra fulvis, lineis plurimis trausversis limboque communi nigris, posticis utrinque ad extimum strigd punctorum nigrorum. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. G lin. fere.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Tharos, Drury, App.v.2. Cramer, pl. 169. fig. E. F. Argynnis Tharossa, Latr. et God. Encycl. Méth. ix. p. 289. No. 61. Hapirat: New York. 4.0 Upper Side. Head, body, and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings varied with dark brown and orange; in some the dark brown occupying the greater part of the wings, in others the orange colour is predominant; but the tips and external edges in all are dark brown; in some two ocelli are seen close to the anterior edge, and near the lower corner; but in others these ocelli are not to be discovered. Posterior wings dark brown and orange. Round the edge is a waved dark border, through which a small waved white line, runs from the anal angle about half way; above this are placed, in a row, five round ocelli, and one oblong, next the anal angle; the pupils being black, and the irides orange colour. Above these is a broad orange-coloured band, and next the body the wings are dark brown. All the wings are entire. Under Side. Anterior wings, at the base, deep clay-coloured, with some dark brown clouds on the anterior edges and interior angles; but in some these clouds are hardly perceptible. In some a small scolloped line runs along the external edges, from the tips to the lower corners, of a reddish hue; in others this is not to be seen, having a dark brown border in that part. Posterior wings very pale clay-coloured, with a cloud on the middle of the external edges, of a reddish brown; where (in some) is a silver spot like a half moon. The black pupils of the six ocelli, seen on the upper side, are, in some specimens, very small here, and just perceptible; in others they are not to be seen. “ In short, nature forms such a variety of this species, that it is difficult to set bounds, or to know all that belongs to it.”— Drury. PAPILIO THOAS. Plate XXII. fig. 1. 2. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Secrion: Diurna. FAminy : Papilionidee, Leach. GENUS. PAPILIO, Auct. PapiLio THoAs. Alis supra nigris, fascid communi lunulisque submarginalibus flavis, posticis caudatis, his subtus macula discoidali ferruginea lunulisque cceruleis. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Equ. Ach.) Thoas, Linn. Mant. p. 536. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p.32. No.94. Cramer, pl. 167. fig. A. B. Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 62. 103. Boisduval et Leconte Icon, Lep. Amer. Sept. pl. 12.et 13. Boisd. H.n. Lep. 1. p. 355. Var. Pap. Cresphontes, Cramer, 165, 166, A. Hawirat: Surinam (Drury). Paraguay to Georgia (Boisd.). Upper Side. Thorax black. Two small yellow streaks extend from the eyes to the shoulders. Abdomen yellow, with a black dorsal line; apex red brown. Wings black, with deep yellow spots on them. A yellow bar, near half an inch broad, begins at the middle of the superior wings, and running parallel with the anterior edges, crosses the inferior ones just below the shoulders. Several oval and oblong yellow spots are placed between the tips and this bar. One also is situated close above it, near the middle of the wing; being separated from it by the tendon, which is black. Below the bar are four small spots, beginning at the interior angle (the first being double). Posterior wings furnished with two black tails, having a long yellow stripe in the middle. About a quarter of an inch above the external edge is a row of six yellow spots, whereof one is obscured by the anterior wing; there being but five shewn in the plate. Under Side. The breast is ash colour. Anterior wings partly soot colour, but principally yellow. A row of eight yellow spots is situated within the external margin, and the yellow bar, observable on the upper side, is not to be distinguished on this. Several small yellow lines rise at the shoulders, and expanding like the sticks of a fan, occupy almost the chief membrane of the wing. 41 Between these, and the row of eight spots, are two large yellow patches, which nearly take up that middle space, with black tendons crossing them like fine threads. Posterior wings, next the shoulders, yellow, coutinuing to about the middle of the wings. External margin soot-coloured; having a broad bar of yellow above it, whose upper side resembles a row of arches. Above this is an irregular black bar, running from the anterior edges, across the wings, with two small scarlet streaks at the anal angles. On this bar isa row of blue crescents, answering to and placed just above the arch-like bar before-mentioned ; and in the centre is a faint mark of scarlet. The caterpillar of this butterfly feeds upon the orange-trees, from Paraguay to Georgia. Its back is covered with large irregular white spots, with brown marks, which extend along the middle and posterior parts of the body. The chrysalis is of a bright brown, with several black dots. PAPILIO SINON. Plate XXII. fig. 3. 4. OrveER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIon: Diurna. FAmILy: Papilionide, Leach. GeNus. PAPILIO, Auct. Papinto Stnon. Alis nigris, fasciis communibus virescenti-albis, posticis lunulis sex submarginalibus virescenti- albis anguloque ani rubro. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. fere.) Syn. Papilio Sinon, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 452. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.p.26.75. Cramer, tab. 317. fig. C. D. E. F. Ency. Méth. ix. p.53. Boisduv. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. p. 260. Papilio (Eq. Achiv.) Protesilaus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: Jamaica (Drury). Florida, Cuba ( Botisduv.). North America (Eine. Meéth.). Upper Side. The thorax black; the hair thereof greenish. Abdomen black. All the wings black; posterior ones being furnished with two tails, edged with white. Close to the shoulders, in the anterior wings, rises a stripe of sea-green, which crosses the inferior ones; and, running parallel with the abdominal margin, ends near the extremity of the body. A little below this is a small scarlet spot, placed near the anal angle; with two smaller spots, of a green colour, below it. At a little distance from the shoulders, a second green stripe, rather broader than the first, begins at the posterior edge of the anterior wings, and crosses the inferior ones, parallel with the first, being continued a little lower. On the anterior wings, about the middle of the anterior edge, rises a bar, of a fine sea-green colour, which crossing both wings, terminates at the middle of the posterior, being narrowest at each end. A row of eight white spots runs parallel with the external edge, ending at the lower corner. Near the external edges of the posterior wings is placed a row of five crescents, of a green colour. Under Side. Breast and abdomen grey-coloured. Anterior wings light chesnut, having a darker cloud near the anterior angle. All the green spots and marks, seen on the upper side, are also visible here. The ground of the posterior wings is rather paler than the anterior; and the green marks and stripes are rather larger here, than on the upper side. ‘The scarlet spot, on the abdominal edge, is considerably larger on this side. A scarlet stripe also begins on the anterior edge, and fills completely the space between the broad green bar and the second stripe, mentioned above, extending as low as the extremity of the body. The two scollops, next the abdominal corner, are black; whereon appear a few blue powder-like specks. I G 42 M. Boisduval states that Drury’s figure is ‘‘ peu exacte.” It is true, indeed, that the figure does not agree with the description given by that author, who describes the fourth pale fascia as ‘ bifide dans la cellule discoidale des premicres ailes.” ‘The exact uniformity in the shape of this fascia, in both of Drury’s figures, renders its correctness evident, and consequently the insect figured by Drury must be regarded as a variety of the species described by Boisduval. NOCTUA MELICERTA. Plate XXIII. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Nocturna. FAmiILy: Noctuide. Genus. Noctua, Auct. Noctua MELICERTA. Allis anticis variegatis, posticis nigris, fascia maculisque tribus marginalibus albis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Melicerta, Drury, Append.v. 2. Cramer, tab. 62. fig. C. D.? Noctua mercatoria, Fab. Ent. Syst. 111. 2. p. 62. No. 175.? Gmelin, Linn., S..N. 2544, 1039. Noetua tigrina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 2. p. 40. No. 105. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 8, 277. 131. Noctua vulpina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 2. p. 39. No. 102. Phalena Melicene, Cram. tab. 323. fig. C. D. Hasitat: India, Bombay (Drury). Upper Side. Antenne filiform. ‘Tongue small and spiral. Thorax and abdomen light brown. Anterior wings light greyish brown, and, when held in some particular directions, having a hue like mother-of-pearl. Several irregular bars, of a deeper brown, cross the wings, and the external margin is bordered with pale purple or pearl colour. Posterior wings dark liver-coloured, grey-brown at the base, and hairy. In the middle is a broad bar, of purplish white, running across the wing. On the external edge are three white square spots. ‘The anterior wings are a little dentated; the inferior ones entire. Under Side. Palpi remarkably long and pointed. Anterior wings dark brown; the external edge being purplish grey, with a whitish separated bar, running from the middle of the anterior edge to the interior angle. Posterior wings light greyish brown, palest at the base, and grey at the external edge, having a dark spot at the anal angle, and a smaller faint one near the shoulders; with several indented lines crossing the wings in different places. Fabricius appears to have described this insect in his Entomologia Systematica, under three different names. It probably forms the type of a distinct subgenus in the family Noctuide. CATOCALA EPIONE. Plate XXIII. fig. 2. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Nocturna. FAamILy: Noctuide, Steph. Genus. CarocaLa, Schrank. Blephara, Hubn. Phalena (Noctua), Linn. CatocaLa Eprone. Alis anticis fuscis, strigis transversis dentatis ferrugineis et atris, posticis nigris, cilia alba. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Epione, Drury, App. vol.2, Oliv. Encycl. Méthod. 8. 288. No. 190. Hapitat: New York (Drury). Philadelphia (J. O. W.). Upper Side. Thorax and abdomen of a sooty ash colour. Anterior wings dark chocolate, with an undulated ferruginous line, running from the anterior edge to the posterior, and near the middle of the wings; with several other lighter not very distinct marks thereon. Posterior wings black ; cilia white. Under Side. Anterior wings, at the base, dark ash colour, which as it extends further on the wings, becomes black; and next the tips is soot-coloured. Seven white spots run along the external margin. Above them is a white line, running from the anterior edge, narrowing as it goes, and ending near the posterior; between which and the shoulders is a rather large oblong white spot. Posterior wings, next the shoulders and abdominal edges, very dark ash colour, which deepens along the wings to black; cilia white. A faint white streak runs also a little way down the wing from the anterior margin. All the wings are a little dentated. NOCTUA PALES. Plate XXIII. fig. 3. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FamiIty: Noctuide. Genus. Noctua, Auct. Noctua PA.Es. Alis luteis, anticis striga transversa punctoque apicali fuscis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalzna (Noctua) Pales, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: St. Christopher’s. Upper Side. Antenne filiform. Tongue spiral. Head small. Thorax, abdomen, and wings light orange clay-coloured, without any markings, except on the anterior wings, where a faintish bar crosses the middle; and, near the tips of the wings, is a small dark spot. The wings are entire. Under Side. The same colour as the upper, immaculate. CALLIMORPHA? VINOSA. é Plate XXIII. fig. 4. OxveER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Nocturna. Famriiy: Arctiide. Genus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Sphinx p. Drury. CALLIMORPHA? ViNosA. Alis nigris subdiaphanis, anticarum marginibus anticis et posticis rufo fulvis macula magna externa (in medio alba margine nigro); posticis fascia submarginali rufo-fulya. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. fere.) Syn. Sphinx Vinosa, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Antigua. 44 Upper Side. ‘The antenne are black, small, and pectinated. The tongue not discoverable. ‘Thorax and base of abdomen yellow orange; the remainder of the abdomen rusty grey, with a black stripe down the top of it. Anterior wings black and transparent, like gauze; the anterior and posterior margins bordered with orange. The tips of the wings are likewise broadly orange, through the middle of which runs a broad bar of white, from the anterior to the middle of the external edge, where it is narrowest, being edged with black. Posterior wings black, and like gauze; the external edge having a narrow orange stripe running from the anal margin, half way to the exterior angle. The wings are entire. Under Side. The abdomen is grey, with a black line running from the thorax to the tail. Anterior wings not edged with orange; the tips are black, where the white bar is plainly seen, having an orange spot on the edge, near the external and lower corners. Posterior wings as on the upper side. This insect seems to form the type of a distinct subgenus between Nudaria and Callimorpha. NOCTUA NUMERIA. Plate XXIII. fig. 5. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAminy: Noctuide. Genus. Nocrua, Auct. Noctua NumeERIA. Alis fuscis, anticis vitta longitudinali alba, anticé strigis undulatis transversis; posticis macula externa alba. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalzna (Noctua) Numeria, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne filiform. Tongue spiral. Head, thorax, and abdomen fine brown. Anterior wings fine brown, through the middle of which runs a small longitudinal bar of white or pearl, beginning just below the shoulders, and losing itself just below the tips. Above this bar the wings are watered with various marks of dark and light brown. Behind it they are of a darker shade, except a spot near the middle of a yellowish brown. Posterior wings dark brown, with two white marks on the edges, about a third of an inch long; beginning on the anterior edge, and crossing the corner to the external edge. Under Side. Breast, legs, abdomen, and wings greyish brown or russet, with some faint, dark indented lines running across all the wings in different parts. "The white marks on the edges of the posterior wings are very visible on this side. The wings are entire. CATOCALA AFFINIS. Plate XXIII. fig. 6. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAamiLy: Noctuide. Genus. CarocaLa, Schr. Blephara, Hiibn. Phalena (Noctua), Linn. CatocaLa AFFINIS. Alis anticis fuscis maculis ordinariis discoidalibus strigisque dentatis obscurioribus ; posticis fulvis fascia centrali margineque postico laté nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Paranympha, Drury, App. vol. 2. (excl. syn. Linnean.) Hasitar: New York; taken on the 27th day of July. 45 Upper Side. The thorax and anterior wings dark chocolate, with a small, narrow, irregular black line crossing the wings, near the external edge; having near it, just above the fringe, a row of seven small grey spots. Posterior wings pale orange; having a deep black border. A rather broad black fine runs in a circular direction from the anterior edge, through the middle of the wings, to the lower part of the interior margin. At the outer angle is a small spot of a pale orange. Under Side. Anterior wings at the base of a dark clay colour, with a large yellowish cloud occupying all the middle part; in which is a large black streak running across the wing. Posterior wings marked as on the upper side, but all the colours fainter. ACTIAS LUNA. Plate XXIV. fig. 1. OrbDER: Lepidoptera. SgcTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycide. GENUS. ActTras Leach. Saturnia, Schrank. Attacus, Germar. Phalena (Attacus), Linn. Actias Luna. Alis caudatis flavo-virentibus concoloribus, ocello disci lunato, margine antico anticarum purpureo. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Luna, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2.810. No.5. Catesby Carolina, 2nd vol. p. 85. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 414. No. 22. Gel. Linn. S. N. 2404. 5, Abbot § Smith Ins. Georgia, pl. 48. Oliv. Ene. Meth. 5. 29. 20. Pal. Bauv. Ins. Afr. § Am. Lep. pl. 22. f.3. Leach Zool. Mise. v. 2. (Actias L.) Hasritat: New York, Carolina, Virginia, Maryland. Upper Side. Antennz brown, and strongly pectinated. The head white, small, and almost hid under the shoulders and neck, having a small brown ring encircling it. Thorax pale yellow, having a chocolate or dark brown line crossing it, parallel with the margins of the anterior wings. All the wings are of a beautiful pea-green colour; the nerves being of a pale red brown. Along the anterior margin of the anterior wings runs a chocolate line, which is narrowed towards the tips. About an inch from the shoulders springs from this line a small curved one, which, bending towards the middle of the wing, terminates in a small eye, pointed in the lower part, whose pupil is transparent like glass; the iris being partly red and partly black, within which are semicircles of white; external margin of the wings, red brown; the posterior being white. Posterior wings furnished with two broad tails, which, at their extremities, appear as if they were crimped ; their external edges being red brown. In the middle of each of these wings is likewise an eye, similar to, but rather larger than those in the anterior ones. Abdomen white. Under Side. Abdomen white, the sides being of a dark clay colour. All the wings are of the same colour as on the upper side; the nerves being browner and more conspicuous, without the brown edge on the anterior pair; the eyes themselves are the same as on that side. The anterior margin of the inferior wings is white, and the eyes strongly resemble those of an animal having them half shut. Drury’s correspondent informed him that the caterpillar of this handsome moth is red, and feeds on the leaves of the sassafras tree. When they are full-fed they inclose them- selves in a strong case composed of the substance of the tree, and a glutinous matter which they secrete. They appear in June and August. The caterpillar, however, figured by Abbot is green, with short hairs scattered over the body, and with about eight small red 46 spots on each segment, placed transversely. ‘This author also states that it feeds upon the sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua, Linn.), different kinds of walnut, and the Persimon (Diospyros Virginiana). One of them spun up on the 31st of May, and came out on the Sth of June; another on the 23rd of June, and came out on the 10th of July; and a third, which did not spin up until the 6th of September, remained in the chrysalis till the 3rd of March. It continues breeding throughout the summer, but is not very plentiful. DEIOPEIA ORNATRIX. Plate XXIV. fig. 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Lithosiide. Genus. DeEropeta, Stephens. Euchelia, Botsduval. Eyprepia p. Ochs. DEIOPEIA ORNATRIX. Alis convolutis aibidis, anticarum margine rubro atropunctato, posticis albo nigroque variis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) ornatrix, Linn. S. N. 2. 839. No. 110. Bombyx ornatrix, Fab. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 480. No. 225. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2444. 110. Oliv. Ene. Méth. 5.100. No. 258, HasitaT: Antigua (Drury). America (Linn. Fabr.). Upper Side. Antennz black, filiform. Head with a black frontal spot; tongue spiral. Thorax flesh-coloured, with small black spots. Anterior wings fine flesh-coloured; the anterior edges being bordered with scarlet, except four small white places, in each of which is a small black spot; near the base is a red cordate spot, with a small black one above it; near the external margin is a row of small black spots; above this is a row of red ones, nearly joining together, and nearly united to the red border at the anterior edge, and above this is another row of black ones. Posterior wings clear white, their external edges with large angular spots of black, one of them running to the anterior edge. Under Side. Anterior wings fine deep scarlet, but next the shoulders white, as is the cilia, where, joining to it, is a row of very small black spots; a little above this is a black irregular line, running from the anterior edge to the lower angle; above this line is another, shorter, reaching half way across the wings. Posterior wings clear white, spotted with the same black angular spots, as on the upper side ; the anterior edges being of the same scarlet colour as the superior wings. DEIOPEIA BELLA. Plate XXIV. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SxrcTion: Nocturna. FAMILY: Lithosiide. Genus. DeE1opeta, Stephens. LEuchelia. Boisduval. Eyprepia p. Ochs. DertoPE1A BELLA. Alis anticis“albidis, fasciis sex punctorum nigrorum fasciis fulvis divisis ; posticis rubris apice nigris. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Tinea) bella, Linn. S. N. 2. 884. No. 348. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 479. No. 223. Gmel. Linn. 8. N. 2447. 348- Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 99.256. HAsitat: New York. 47 Upper Side. Antennz black and filiform. Head with a small black spot between the antenne. Thorax and abdomen white; on the former are several small black spots. Anterior wings of a fine yellow, with several white, narrow, irregular bars crossing them; having on each several small black spots; cilia white, and above it is a row of small black spots that almost joins it. Posterior wings faint scarlet, externally edged with a narrow black border; cilia white. Under Side. ‘The anterior wings fine scarlet, inclining along the anterior edge to yellow; where are several angular black spots, each lengthening as it approaches the tips; along the external margin is a row of small black spots. Posterior wings scarlet, edged with the same black border as on the upper side ; on the anterior edge are two white spots, with black ones in their centres. In the ‘ Systema Nature’ this and the preceding most nearly allied species were placed far apart in the genera Noctua and Tinea. ‘This species appears in May and August. The caterpillar is of the same colours as the anterior wing of the moth, and feeds on the blue lupine. SPHINX CAROLINA. Plate XXV. fig. 1. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SzecTIon: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GENUS. SPHINX, Auct. Spuinx Carouina. Alis anticis fusco cinereoque variis, posticis fasciis 3-4 fuscis exterioribus dentatis ; cilia albo nigroque varia, abdomine maculis 10-12 lateralibus luteis. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Carolina, Linn. 8. NV. 2.798. No.7. Brown. Jam. 438. t. 43. f.17. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 363. No. 25. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2377. No.7. Stephens Ill. Brit. Ent. H: 1.118, Abbot § Smith, Ins. Georg. tab. 33. Curtis Brit. Ent. y. pl. 1.197. Hasrrat: New York, Maryland, Virginia. Upper Side. Antenne internally white, but externally brown. The head, thorax, and abdomen of a rusty grey brown; the sides of the latter having five oblong yellow spots, intersected by black lines, on each of which is a small white spot placed between the yellow ones, Anterior wings rusty grey brown, with a white spot at the base, and another small discoidal white one ; a narrow irregular indented line of white begins near the interior angle, and runs nearly to the tip; several indented lines, nearly black, cross the wings, more or less distinct. Cilia brown, spotted with white. Posterior wings brown, darkest in the middle, the shoulders being nearly black, with an indented narrow bar of ash colour run- ning across them, from the middle of the anterior edges to the anal angle; below this is a narrow black one, answering and joining to it. Under Side. Breast and abdomen ash-coloured. Anterior wings brown, without any marks or shades, except two very faint undulated dark lines crossing them. Posterior wings, next the body, ash- coloured; the remainder being like the anterior, with some faint dark lines crossing them. According to Abbot the caterpillar is pale green, with white lateral oblique stripes, and a pink tail. It is said to feed on the potato, tobacco, red pepper (Capsicum ?), &c. One of these caterpillars, observed by Abbot, went into the ground on the 19th of June, and came out on the 15th of July; whilst another went in on the Sth of July, and came out 48 on the Ist of August. The caterpillar is stated by the same author to be very destructive in plantations of tobacco, the cultivators being obliged to pick them carefully off the young plants. The chrysalis is of a chesnut colour, with a long nearly straight tongue case, extending to the middle of the breast, and clubbed at the end. The moth is generally seen in an evening, sucking the James-town weed and gourd blossoms, and continues breeding all the summer ; the moth is common in the West Indies, as well as in Georgia and Carolina. Dr. Brown says it is called the musquito hawk, from its appearing at that time of the evening when those insects abound, and being vulgarly but erroneously sup- posed to prey upon them. Abbot and Smith, loc. cit. Specimens of this American insect have from time to time been captured in this country. ‘It unquestionably cannot,” however observes Mr. Stephens, ‘be considered as indigenous, and ought to be rigidly excluded from our cabinets ; otherwise the most per- plexing consequences must inevitably arise, to the total confusion of our inquiries into the geographical distribution of insects. If this be admitted, as well might ‘the noble monarch of the forest,’ because a captive lioness which had escaped from her prison was retaken on Salisbury Plain.” SYNTOMIS PHEGEA. Plate XXV. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia.? FAMILY: Zygenide, Leach. GENus. SyNTomis, Illiger. ZYGMNA, Rossi. Fabr. Sphinx, Linn. Synromis PuEGeA. Viridi-atra alarum punctis fenestratis, anticarum sex, posticarum duobus ; abdomine cingulo luteo. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syx. Sphinx Phegea, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2.805. 35. God. Lepid. du Frane. pl. 22. f. 14. Zygena Quercis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 388. No. 6. Syntomis Queretis, Latr. Genera Crust. et Ins. 4. p. 213. Sphinx du Pissenlit, Engram Pap. d’ Eur. HaBiTat: Germany. Upper Side. Antenne black, filiform, with the tips white. Head and thorax black. Abdomen dark green, almost black; on the top, next the thorax, is a deep yellow spot like gold, and near the extremity a ring of the same golden yellow extends just below the sides. Anterior wings dark green; having six transparent spots, one next the shoulders, two in the middle, and three next the tips. Poste- rior wings of the same colour as the superior, with two transparent spots on them. Under Side. Breast and abdomen dark green; on each side the breast are two golden yellow spots. All the wings are coloured and marked as on the upper side. GLAUCOPIS FENESTRATA. Plate XXV. fig. 3. OrpER: Lepidoptera. SEcrion: Crepuseularia? FAMILY : Zygwnide, Leach. Genus. Guaucopis, Fabr. Charidea, Dalm. Sphinx, Linn. GiAucoris FENESTRATA. Alis anticis nigris, maculad magna discoidali fere ocellata fenestrata, posticis fenestratis margine nigro, pedibus palpisque coceineis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Fenestrata, Drury, App. v. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne nearly black, and pectinated. Head and eyes black. Palpi small and long, and of a fine scarlet. Tongue spiral. Thorax blueish green, almost black. Abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings the same, the middle part being perfectly transparent like glass, wherein is a dark cloud which is joined to the anterior margin. Posterior wings small, transparent, with a dark brown narrow border running round their edges, which at the upper corners is broad where it becomes cloud-like. Under Side. Breast dark brown. Legs and thighs scarlet, which colour extends along the middle of the abdomen, almost to the tail, where it becomes a little fainter, being crossed by the rings of the abdomen, which are black and very narrow. All the wings of the same colour as on the upper side. SPHINX CINGULATA. Plate XXV. fig. 4. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. Srcrron: Crepuscularia. FAmILy : Sphingide, Leach. GeENus. SPHINX, Auct. SPHINX CINGULATA. Alis anticis cinereo atroque undatis, puncto parvo diseoidali ; posticis nigro fasciatis, basi sanguineis, abdominis fasciis alternis interruptis sanguineis et atris. (Expans. Alar. 4 une. 6 lin.) SyN. Sphinx Cingulata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.395. No. 56. Sphinx Conyolyuli var. Drury, Append. vol. 2. (Exclus. Syn. Gel. Linn. S. N. 2376. No. 6.) Abbot and Smith Ins. Georg. 1. tab. 32. Hasirat: St. Christopher's. Upper Side. Antenne white on one side, and brown on the other. Thorax dark brown, with several curved lines running across it from one shoulder to the other. ‘The abdomen, on the upper part is beautifully encircled with five rings of rose colour, and six of black, extending to its sides, having on the top of it a line of a rusty brown, which runs from the base to the extremity. Anterior wings brown chesnut, marked with lighter and darker clouds, some of which are almost black; having a lighter spot near the middle, and not far from the anterior margin. Posterior wings at the base black, but along the external edges of a grey brown, the middle being occupied by three bars of red, ash, and faint rose colours, separated by three black waved lines crossing them from the anterior to the interior. Cilia brown spotted with white. Under Side. Breast and abdomen ash-coloured ; along the latter are five dark spots (the middle ones the largest) placed at the bottom of the five segments near the breast. Anterior wings dark hazel, immaculate. Posterior wings of the same colour along the anterior and external margins; but next the shoulders and inner edges are of a grey ash colour; a dark coloured line begins near the anal angle, I H 50 where it is almost black, and runs across the wing, ending at the middle of the anterior edge; from whence to the middle it resembles a row of arches joined together. The caterpillar of this insect, according to Abbot and Smith, is brown, with four dorsal dark flesh-coloured lines, and a series of short lateral oblique cream-coloured marks united together over the legs. It feeds upon the sweet potatoe plant (Convolvulus Batatas, Linn.), and is sometimes frequent though the moth is rare. ‘The chrysalis is chesnut, with a long curved tongue case, the extremity of which is recurved. It is often dug up with the potatoes. In Virginia one of these insects buried itself October 3rd, and came forth m the perfect state on the 30th of May ; whilst one observed in Georgia went mto the ground on the 20th of August, and came out the 11th of September. This species was considered by Drury and Smith as a climatal variety of the European Sphinx Convolvuli. Fabricius, however, considered it distinct, and designated it by the specific name adopted above. GLAUCOPIS POLYMENA. Plate XXI. fig. 1. OrDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIon: Crepuscularia? Famity : Zygenide, Leach. GreNus. Guaucoris, Fabr. Sphinx, Linn. Drury. GLAUCOPIS POLYMENA. Nigra, alis maculis luteis, anticis tribus, posticis duabus; abdomine cingulis coccineis. (Expans. Alar. fere 2 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Polymena, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 806. No. 40. Cram. Ins. t. 13. f.D- Zygeena Polymena, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 396. No. 34. Gimel. Linn. S. N. 2394.40. (Sphinx.) HABITAT: China. Upper Side. Antenne black and pectinated, being smallest at their extremities; between them is a white round spot placed on the front of the head; above them, on the neck, is a round spot of bright scarlet. Thorax black. The first segment of the abdomen scarlet; the two next are black, verged on their lower edges with a beautiful sky blue colour; behind this the abdomen is of a fine vermilion, separated by two small black lines, the extremity being black. Anterior wings dark brown, having next the shoulders a small spot of shining blue, and three spots of a deep yellow; the two largest of which appear as if divided by the tendons, which are black and run across them. Posterior wings dark brown, with two deep yellow spots; the smaller one near the shoulders, the other near the middle. Under Side. Breast black, spotted with white at the base. The abdomen dark brown at the base, behind which is pale red tinged with white; the extremity dark brown. Anus pale red. The wings are the same colour as on the upper side. SYNTOMIS CERBERA. Plate XXVI. fig. 2. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia? FAMILY: Zygenide, Leach. Genus. Syntomis, Fabr. Sphinx, Linn. Drury. SynTomiIs CERBERA Viridi-atra, alis anticis punctis sex fenestratis, posticis duobus, abdomine cingulis duobus sanguineis (postico latissimo). Syn. Sphinx Cerbera, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 806.38. Cramer, tab. 83. fig. F. Zygeena Cerbera, Fabr. Ent. Syst.111. 1. p. 391. No. 16, Sphinx Cerbera, Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2393. 38. Syntomis Cerbera, Boisduv. Monogr. Zygen. pl. 7. f. 6. HABITAT: Cape of Good Hope. Upper Side. Antenne and head black. Thorax and abdomen shining blueish green; the latter having on the middle three rings of scarlet extending from side to side, but not meeting underneath. Anterior wings dark green, with six transparent spots like glass on them; the smallest, near the base, is round; three others, placed next the external margin, are oblong; the other two, which are in the middle, are oval and triangular. Posterior wings dark green, with two transparent spots; the largest next the shoulders; the other, which is round and small, beyond the middle. Under Side. Breast, abdomen, and legs shining mazarine blue, inclining to green; on the former is a small red spot, close to the shoulders of the superior wings. ‘The hinder legs have one joint white. Wings of the same colour as on the upper side. DEILEPHILA CHIRON. Plate XXVI. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SrcTron: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. Genus. DEILEPHILA, Ochsenheimer. Spectrum p. Scop. Sphinx p. Linn. DEILEPHILA CHIRON. Alis anticis castaneis, fascia obliqua pallida utrinque fusco marginata, posticis nigris inaculis quinque albidis. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Chiron, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antennze and head chesnut; a flesh-coloured line encircles the eyes, running to the shoulders, where it becomes white. Thorax chesnut. Abdomen rather paler on the top; underneath very light clay colour. Anterior wings sorrel chesnut, having two faint oblique waved lines crossing them from the tips to the middle of the posterior edges, where is a small cloud the colour of blue clay, and next the shoulders is a small narrow cream-coloured mark. Posterior wings dark brown, with a row of yellow cream-coloured spots running from the anal angle towards the middle of the anterior margin. Under Side. Breast and abdomen very pale clay colour. Anterior wings at the base pale clay- coloured, towards the middle darker; from thence to the tips prettily clouded with orange and clay- coloured marks, divided by dark lines, and many small dark brown spots. Posterior wings along the interior margin clay-coloured, and along the extreme part of the anterior edges the same ; the remainder of the wings dull orange, faintly shaded and spotted with brown marks and dots. H 2 ZYGAENA? THETIS. Plate XXVI. fig. 4. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia? Faminy: Zygeenide, Leach. Genus. ZyG@NA? Fabr. Anthrocera, Scop. Sphinx, Drury. ZYGRNA? TuHeET1s. Ccerulea, thorace anticé rubro punctato, alis nigris, anticis apice, posticis disco, hyalinis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Thetis, Zinn. Mantiss. 1. 539. Zygena Thetis, Fabr. Ent. Syst.111. 1.391. No. 17. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2393. 115. (Sphinx T.) ‘ HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne black. Head and thorax black. On the neck are two small scarlet spots just above the eyes, and one on each side below them. Abdomen silvery shining blue, having a triangular black mark at the base. Anterior wings dirty black, immaculate; tips whitish. Posterior wings dirty black, with a white discoidal transparent cloud. Under Side. Breast and sides dirty black. Abdomen white; its sides and tip dirty black. Wings of the same colour as on the upper side. MACROGLOSSA ZONATA. Plate XXVI. fig. 5. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY : Sesiidew, Steph. Genus. Macroauossa, Ochs. Macroglossum, Scop. Sphinx, Fabr. Drury. MacroaiossA ZonaTA. Alis nigricantibus, anticis punctis tribus subapicalibus, abdominisque fascia albis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Zonata, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitar: St. Christopher's. Upper Side. Antenne dark brown, hooked at the extremities; the under sides being paler. Thorax and abdomen dark greyish brown; the extremity of the latter broad and hairy, with a white transverse central fascia; between which and the extremity are three small lateral white spots. Anterior wings very dark brown, with three transparent minute spots beyond the middle; above which, near the anterior margin, is a single black one. Posterior wings dark brown, immaculate. Under Side. The middle of the abdomen at the base ash-coloured, extending about half way, nar- rowing gradually; the middle of each of the segments being the same. Posterior wings coloured as on the upper side; the posterior, along the interior margin to the shoulders, being ash-coloured. SPHINX ALOPE. Plate XXVII. fig. 1. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia. FAminty: Sphingidee, Leach. Genus. SPHINX, Auct. Spuinx AtLopr. Alis dentatis fuscis, strigis dentatis nigris, posticis fulvis apice laté nigris ; abdomine nigro cingulis interruptis pallidis. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Alope, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, 26, tab. 301. fig. G. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 362. No. 20, Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2375+ 62. HasiraT: Jamaica. 53 Upper Side. Antenne red brown above, white underneath. Head and thorax dark brown ; head and thorax with a black dorsal line. Abdomen encircled with rings of brown and dark ash colour, divided on the top by a dark ash-coloured line running from the thorax to the extremity. Posterior wings dark brown coloured, having some dark irregular lines, almost black, crossing them from the anterior to the posterior margin, and a row of small black angular marks running along their external margin; these wings are a little dentated. Posterior wings yellow, with a deep black border. Under Side. Abdomen dark ash-coloured. Anterior wings brown, spotted along their external edges with long yellowish spots. Posterior wings brown, with a deep border; the middle of the wings and abdominal edges being yellow; a narrow black indented line begins at the abdominal corners, and crossing the wings ends at the anterior margin below the middle. Fabricius, on the authority of Dr. Pflug, states that this insect frequents the Carica Papaya. The larya is tailed, without hairs, the back cinereous anteriorly, with a broad fascia of a brown colour, ocellated in the middle and ending in a black spot. The chry- salis is brown, with red annuli and strie. SPHINX PINASTRI. Plate XXVII. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GENUS. SPHINX, Auct. SpHINX PINAsTRI. Allis cinereis, anticis lineolis tribus confertis nigris ; abdomine fusco, cingulis atris supra albo marginatis et dorso interruptis. (Expans. Alar, 3 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Pinastri, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 892. No. 22. Sepp. Ins. 3.23. t.5. Roesel. Ins. Belust. 1. Phal. 1. ¢.6. Donov. Engl. Ins. ix. 10. pl. 296. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 367. No. 35. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2385. 22. Stephens Illust. Brit. Ent. Haust. 1.121. Hasyrat: Germany (Drury). England, and other parts of Europe. Upper Side. Antenne white on one side, and brown on the other. Head and thorax brown grey: the latter at the base being ash-coloured, having a black -line running on each side. Abdomen brown grey, encircled with rings of a dirty black, divided on the top by a broad line of brown grey, through which runs a black line from the base to the extremity. Anterior wings brown grey, with three short black lines in the middle of each wing; at the tips rises another irregular narrow black line, running towards the middle of the wing, and chequered with white and black. Posterior wings brown grey, immaculate. being a little paler towards the shoulders; the wings are entire. Cilia alternately black and white. Under Side. The breast and abdomen are ash-coloured. All the wings brown grey, immaculate. Cilia spotted as above. This insect is attached to the pine, and is consequently found in the great forests in Germany, and other parts of Continental Europe. This accounts for its scarcity in England, and for its having been occasionally found in the pine forests of Scotland by Dr. Leach and Mr. Wilson. The larva is described by Mr. Stephens as being entirely yellow in its first skin, in the second green with yellow stripes, in the third deeper green, with three longitudinal lemon-yellow lines on each side, and finally of a rich green with a 54 brown dorsal line; the sides with two deep yellow ones; the anterior and first segment of the body yellow, the latter spotted with black ; the horn, which was previously straight, becomes curved and black. It feeds on various species of pine, as Pinus abies, sylvestris, Strobus, &c. The chrysalis is dark brown, changing to maroon; the tongue-sheath is short. SPHINX ELLO. Plate XXVII. fig. 3. OrpER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GENUS. SPHINX, Auct. é SpuHinx ELLo. Alis subdentatis cinereis; posticis rufis margine nigro ; abdomine pallido cingulis (dorso inter- ruptis) nigris. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Ello, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. p. 800. No. 13. Cramer, tab. 301. fig. D. Merian Surin. t. 61. f. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 362. No.21. Gimel. Linn. S. N. 2375. 18. Hasirat: St. Christopher’s (Drury). Surinam (Mad. Merian). Upper Side. Antenne white on one side, and brown on the other. Head and thorax ash-coloured ; the latter having some faint narrow dorsal and lateral black lines. Abdomen ash-coloured, encircled with black rings extending to its sides, divided on the top by an ash-coloured line. Anterior wings dentated and ash-coloured, having an irregular shade of black and dark brown running from the tips to the shoulders, and a few small black spots dispersed on different parts of the wings. Posterior wings red, with a black border. Cilia reddish white. Under Side. Breast, thighs, legs, and abdomen ash-coloured. Anterior wings, in the middle, ferruginous ; but toward the external edges and the tips dirty red brown. Posterior wings next the shoulders and interior margin ash-coloured, but in the middle of a reddish colour; along the anterior margin they are of a brown grey, and along the external margin they are of a dirty red brown. These wings are a little dentated. SPHINX VITIS. Plate XXVIII. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GeENus. SPuHINx, Auct. SpHinx Vitis. Alis anticis olivaceo-fuscis, fascia, vitté lineisque pallidis ; posticis cinereis fascia nigra mar- gineque roseo. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Vitis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 801. No.16. Merian Surin. tab. 47. f.1. Cram. Ins. tab. 267. fig. C. Fabr, Ent. Syst. 111.1. 369. No.41. Gimel. Linn. 8. N. 2380.16. Abbot and Smith, Ins. Georgia, 1. t. 40. HapitatT: Antigua, Jamaica, St. Christopher’s (Drury). ‘In yite Americes” (Linn.). “ Magnolia glauca” (Fabr.). “ Sussizea erecta” (Abbot and Smith). Upper Side. Head and thorax dark flesh-coloured; on the latter, near the neck, is a long spot of olive brown, with another on each side. Abdomen dark flesh-coloured, having two olive brown streaks above, extending from the base to the extremity, being intersected by narrow flesh-coloured annuli or 55 rings. The ground of the anterior wings is a fine olive brown; a flesh-coloured bar begins at the tips. and running parallel with the anterior margin at the middle of the wing, divides into two branches, one continues to the shoulder margin, the other terminates at the middle of the posterior margin; on the upper part of the bar is placed a small flesh-coloured mark, discoidal, the middle being black; near the tips arises also from the upper side a second smaller branch, which runs to the anterior edge, which, with the external margin, has a narrow border of a rusty clay colour. Posterior wings with their external edges bordered with red; above which is a black bar, extending from the anterior edge to the anal angle, where it is much fainter; the inner margin also red, with a large black patch thereon. The upper parts of the wings are of a blueish ash colour. Nerves pale. Under Side. Breast, thighs, and abdomen dark flesh-coloured. The colours of all the wings on this side are faint, being principally of a clay colour; the inferior ones, next the abdominal edges, being tinged with red. The caterpillar of this beautiful Sphinx is remarkable for having only a slight protube- rance at the extremity of the body in place of the erect spine or tail, which is possessed by the majority of the caterpillars of the Sphingide. It is of a pale yellowish colour, with numerous slender transverse black lines, and white oblique lateral marks directed towards the head. Its food is very various. One, observed by Abbot, went into the ground on the 14th of August, and came out on the 7th of September; whilst another which went in on the 29th of September, did not come out until the 18th of July following. The moth is rare ; but may occasionally be seen sucking the gourd blossoms in the evening. The chrysalis has a pointed tail, but is destitute of a porrected tongue-case. THYREUS LUGUBRIS. Plate XXVIII. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GENus. THYREUS, Swains. Zool. Illustr. vol. 1. Tuyreus Lueusris. Alis brunneis, anticis strigis undatis parallelis punctoque subocellari atris. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Lugubris, Linn. Mant, 2.537. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.356. No.5. Gmel. Linn. 8. N. 2372. 50, Abbot and Smith Ins. Georg. 1. t. 30. Swainson Zool. Illustr. 1st Series, vol. 1. Hapirat: Antigua (Drury). Georgia (Abbot). Upper Side. Antennee, head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. ‘The tail very broad and hairy. All the wings dark brown chesnut; having very few distinct marks or lines, except the anterior pair, which have a small black discoidal spot, and a very narrow line next the shoulders of a lighter brown, crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges. The posterior wings are slightly, the anterior deeply, dentated. Under Side. Thorax, legs, abdomen, upper and lower wings rather paler than on the upper side. On the anterior wings are two very faint brown lines, crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges, situated between the middle and the external margin. On the posterior wings also are two small faint waved lines of a darker colour, beginning at the anterior edges and ending a little above the abdominal corners, 56 The caterpillar of this hawk-moth was found by Abbot on the Virginian Creeper. It went into the ground on the 18th of August, and the fly came out on the 11th of September. | The tail of the male spreads like a fan. ‘This is a very rare species ; one was caught in the evening on a gourd blossom. It flew exceedingly swift, making a noise like a humble bee. The caterpillar is of a very pale greenish colour, with two dark dorsal lines, termi- nating at the base of the straight tail; the sides of the body are also ornamented with pale yellow oblique stripes, margined with brown. The chrysalis is chesnut, with a short point at the extremity of the body, and without any tongue-case. DEILEPHILA TERSA. Plate XXVIII. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEctTIoN: Crepuscularia. Famity: Sphingide, Leach. GeENuS. DEILEPHILA, Ochs. Eumorphe p. Hibn. Sphinx p. Fabr. DEILEPHILA TERSA, Alis anticis griseis, lineis nonnullis obliquis parallelis nigris ; posticis nigris fascia maculari luteo-alba. (Expans. Alar, 3 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Tersa, Linn. Mant. p. 538. Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, tab. 397. fig. C. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 378. No. 69. Gimel. Linn. S. N. 2379, No. 71. Abbot and Smith Ins. Georg. 1 tab. 38. HapiratT: Maryland, Jamaica, St. Christopher, Antigua (Drury). South America (Fabricius). Georgia (Abbot). Upper Side. Head flesh-coloured ; which colour, separating at the neck, runs on each side of the thorax to the abdomen. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark clay colour. Abdomen pointed; the sides being of a yellower colour than the top. Anterior wings greyish olive brown; from the tips to the middle of the posterior margin run several narrow lines of lighter and darker colours, parallel with each other. Posterior wings, at the base, black; but along the external margin brown; having a row of narrow angular marks of a cream colour running from the anal angle to the anterior edges. Cilia white. Under Side. Thorax and abdomen clay-coloured; paler on the middle than the sides. Wings red clay-coloured; the anterior brown in the middle, and the posterior having some faint waved lines crossing them; each wing having a row of faint small spots along their external margin. The caterpillar of this insect, figured by Abbot and Smith, is of a pale green colour, with the three anterior segments elongated and attenuated in front, having seven beautiful white eye-like spots on each side, with a red pupil, and margined with black ; the anterior ocellus being the largest. ‘These ocelli are united by a lateral white line, terminating at the base of the straight red tail. It feeds upon the wild thyme (Spermacoce Hyssopifolia, Sm.) Some of them are stated by Abbot to be brown. One was observed by the same author to spin itself up on the 31st of July, from which the moth appeared on the 15th of August ; whilst another which spun up on the 11th of September, remained in the chrysalis state until the 9th of May. When disturbed, the caterpillar contracts the anterior seg- ments of the body.* The chrysalis is of a pale brown colour, freckled with darker marks. It is not provided with a porrected tongue-case. * From the peculiar power of contraction and elongation possessed by these segments, and which is found in the caterpillars of other species of Deilephila, these insects have obtained the name of Elephant-hawk Moths. SPHINX STRIGILES. Plate XXVIII. fig. 4. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. Genus. SPHINX, Auct. SPHINX STRIGILES. Alis integerrimis griseis, margine externo anticarum obscuro ; posticis fulvis strigis tribus transversis fuscis. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Strigiles, Linn. Mant. p. 538. Cramer, tab. 106. f. B. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.364. No. 26. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2377. No. 66. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Head, thorax, and abdomen fawn-coloured ; having on each abdominal segment a semi- circle of a paler colour. A brown red spot is placed on each side the thorax, near the base of the upper wings, which are fawn-coloured ; haying a round spot of olive brown on each near the shoulders, and another on the middle of the posterior margin, between which and the anterior angle is a patch of a blueish brown; from this angle to the tip runs a small narrow border of yellow brown, with several short, faint, brown circular marks placed on different parts of the wing. Posterior wings pale orange; having three brown, narrow, waved lines crossing them in the middle, and with a narrow brown border. Under Side. The mouth, thorax, thighs, abdomen, superior and inferior wings are all of a red clay colour. The border, along the external margin of the anterior wing, is of a much paler colour. Several reddish brown lines and marks are also placed on different parts of the wings. SPHINX SATELLITA. Plate XXIX. fig.1. 9.—fig. 2. ¢. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SecTron: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingidee. Leach. GeENus. SpPHINX, Auctorum. SPHINX SATELLITA. Alis integris, fuscis badio griseoque variis, anticis puncto nigro ocellari sesquialtero maculaque triangulari ad angulum analem nigra; posticis basi griseis. (Expans. Alar. 4; unc. ¢.— 5; unc. 9.) Syn. Sphinx Satellita, Zinn. Mant. p. 539. Fab. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 370. No. 42. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2301. 74. Sphinx Licaon, Cramer. ? HABITAT : Jamaica. FemaLe.—Upper Side. Head and thorax pale olive brown, with dark brown dorsal and lateral lines ; the latter edged with white, extending to the abdomen, where two small white streaks run obliquely across it. Abdomen light olive brown, paler on its sides; with two rows of dark brown dorsal spots, reaching almost to the extremity. Anterior wings olive grey; but from the middle of the anterior margin runs a shade of olive brown, ending at the external margin, and continuing towards the tips. ‘Two small black dis- coidal spots, and a large squarish spot on the middle of the posterior margin of a very dark red brown ; from whence to the shoulders extends a shade of paler brown. Posterior wings, next the shoulders, grey, but at the anal angle reddish ash colour; from whence runs a row of small black spots, which lose themselves in a very dark, brown, olive colour, occupying a large part of the wings near the exterior angle. Cilia pale brown. Under Side. Thorax, thighs, and abdomen dark brown. Wings reddish brown, the posterior palest ; and along the abdominal edges ash-coloured. There are very few marks of any sort observable on I I 58 this side, except a faint waved line which, crossing the superior and inferior wings, ends near the anal angle. Matre.—Upper Side. Head, thorax, abdomen, and anterior wings sandy yellow. The shades and clouds, which in the female are of olive brown, in this are of fine red brown; the two discoidal black spots being distinct. Posterior wings, next the shoulders, grey, as in the female ; but along the external margin sandy yellow. Under Side. The breast, abdomen, thighs, superior and inferior wings are, as on the upper side, the same sandy yellow; the faint waved lines, crossing both superior and inferior wings, being rather more conspicuous than in the female. DEILEPHILA EUPHORBIA. Plate XXIX, fig. 3. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. Genus. DEILEPHILA, Ochs. Steph. §c. Eumorphe, Hiibn. Sphinx, Linn. DEILEPHILA EUPHORBI#. lis anticis virescentibus vitta lata luridaé maculaque disci virescente, posticis nigris fascia margineque exteriori roseis, abdomine cingulis (interruptis) albis. (Expams. Alar. 2 une. 10 lin. ¢. 3 unc. 1 lin. 9.) Syn. Sphinx Euphorbie, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2.802. Donov. Brit. Ins. 3. pl. 91.92. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 367. No. 37. Gimel. Linn. S. N, 2383.19. Haworth Lep. Brit. 61. The Spotted Hawk Moth, Harris Aurelian, pl. 44. f. a. ¢. Deilephila Euphorbiz, Ochs. Schmett.iv. p. 48. Curtis Brit. Ent. 1. pl. 4. Hasirat: Holland, Germany ( Drury). England, and other parts of Europe. Upper Side. Head and thorax olive, having a white stripe on each side, which, beginning at the palpi and running across the shoulders, ends at the base of the abdomen; the olive colour extending along that part to its extremity. The first segment of the abdomen is black, the second cream colour, the remainder alternately cream colour and olive. The superior wings are of a flesh colour, having a narrow olive bar beginning at the tips, which, crossing them, ends at the posterior margin, widening gradually ; an olive patch, the size of a small pea, is also placed on each next the shoulders, and another on the middle near the anterior edge. Cilia cream colour. The posterior wings black at the base ; below which is a rose-coloured bar crossing them, next that is a narrow black indented bar, and beneath these the wing is flesh-coloured, with white cilia. Under Side. The breast rose-coloured. ‘The abdomen flesh-coloured, with cream-coloured rings. Wings faint rose and flesh-coloured; the anterior having a black spot in each, near the middle, and not far from the anterior edge. Since the days of Drury this handsome insect has been ascertained to be a native of our island. It has, however, until lately been deemed one of the rarest as well as most beautiful species in the rare family to which it belongs. Entomologists are indebted not only for a considerable number of specimens, but, what is more interesting, for a knowledge of the habits of the insect to William Raddon, Esq. the celebrated engraver, by whom an inte- resting notice has been published in the Entomological Magazine. It feeds upon the sea 59 spurge (Euphorbia paralias), which grows in plenty on the sand hills in the neighbourhood of Barnstaple and Braunton Burrows, in Devonshire. These sand hills are of great extent, and, as suggested by Mr. Curtis, must have been collected by the winds and storms to which they are constantly exposed. During the winter the whole soil is frequently removed, so as completely to alter the surface of the country ; a great number of the pupe must consequently be destroyed or buried at a considerable distance below the surface, where probably they lie hid until they are brought to light and life by the influence of the elements. ‘These circumstances account for the great irregularity in the appearance of the insects. In 1814, for instance, they were so plentiful that Mr. Raddon found not less than one hundred minute larvee upon an armful of spurge, which he had cut at dusk the preceding evening. The rarity of the insect is also increased by the difficulty of rearing it. The late Mr. Fuseli, the royal academician, who was a zealous entomologist, was enabled only to obtain one moth from twenty chrysalides. The larve are full grown in September, and the moth appears in the following June. DYNASTES HERCULES. Plate XXX. fig. 1. ¢.—2. 9. OrvDER: Coleoptera. Sect1on. Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastidee, Mac Leay. Genus. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabricius. Scarabeus, Latreille, Linneus, §e. Dynastes HercuLes. Thoracis ¢ cornu incurvo longissimo subtus barbato utrinque unidentato, capitis reeurvato dentato. (Long. Corp. 5 unc. 9 lin. g.) Syn. Scarabeus Hercules, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 541.1, Oliv. Ins. 1.3.6. 1. tab. 1. f. 1. tab. 23. fig. 1. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 2. No.1. Naturalists’ Library, Beetles, pl.11. Edwards, Birds, t. 334. Gronov. Zooph. 412. Johnst. Ins. t. 16. f.l. Petiv. Gaz. t. 70.f.1. Roesel. Scar. tom. iv. t. 5. f.3. Pal. Bauv. Ins. @’ Afr. § d'Amer. Col. Pl. 1. e. f.1. Maregr. Braz. 247. fig. 3. HaBitTaT: Gaudaloupe (Drury). South America. Male. Black, except the elytra, which are of an olive colour ; having a number of black spots on them of different shapes and sizes, varying considerably in different individuals. Thorax, above, smooth, and shining, the sides covered with a multitude of small punctures. Its front is produced into a long shining horn, near three inches in length, which gradually bends downwards from the base to the extremity, where it is slightly forked; the under side being covered with short fine hairs of a yellowish colour, resembling the pile of velvet, and having about two inches from its extremity a strong short spine placed on each side. The head is furnished with another horn, about two-thirds the length of the first, sharp and thin on its upper side, and towards the end bending upwards; having on the upper edge, near the middle, three or four teeth or strong spines, and another near the extremity. Eyes shining, red brown. Tibiz armed with spines, particularly the anterior pair, which have four; three near the tips, and one near the middle. The middle and hinder tibiae have each two strong spurs, and several smaller spines, surrounded with hair on the other parts. The edge of the abdomen is covered with a row of dark orange-coloured hairs. Several other parts of the body, joints, kc. are also clothed with the same I2 60 coloured hairs. Each of the ungues has a little tuft of strong hairs issuing from the extremity of the terminal joint of the tarsi. Female. 'This sex is unfurnished with horns. The elytra are the same colour as in the male, not spotted so much, if at all, and more rugose. Thorax black, with a few yellowish spots, formed like stars or rays on it. In other respects it resembles the male. Drury adds to this insect the following remark—‘“TI have observed many species of beetles whose males have been furnished with horns, either on the head or thorax, but in which the females have none, but have those parts quite smooth and plain ; and my obser- vations incline me strongly to think that this rule subsists in every one of them, through the whole class. The instances I could bring in support of this opimion are too many to be admitted in this place.” The circumstance observed upon in the preceding note is certainly very interesting in a physiological point of view. In quadrupeds we find both sexes of cornuted species armed with horns ; but in insects almost universally the males alone are provided with these appendages. It is also worthy of remark, that although in the majority of insects the females considerably surpass the males in size, yet in those species in which the males are cornuted, the females are almost invariably smaller than their partners. Burmeister lays it down as a rule, that with regard to the differences of the sexes, their whole character may be thus distinguished ; viz. that the male displays a preponderance of evolution, and the female a preponderance of involution ; and observes, ‘ that some beetles have processes upon the head and thorax, which, like the mandibles, can meet, like tongs, and thus serve as a weapon. ‘This is asserted of Hercules and its large comrades.” ‘This opinion as to the uses of these horns can, however, scarcely be maintained, since the number of species in which the horns really meet is very few. Kirby and Spence observe, ‘* What may be the use of these extraordinary appendages to the males, has not yet been ascer- tained. Whether the individuals of this sex are more exposed to the attack of birds and other enemies, in consequence of being more on the wing than the females, and are there- fore thus provided with numerous projecting points of defence, is a question worth considering.” It is also to be observed that these appendages, instead of being deciduous, as in many of the higher animals, are in insects component parts of the external skeleton. There are a few exceptions to the observation of Drury; thus in the Lamellicorn genus Hoplites Dej. Catal. (Scarabeeus Pan,) the females are cornuted as well as the males ; and in the genus Osmia, belonging to the section of wild bees, Dasygastres, Latr., the females alone have the head furnished with two porrected horns. BUPRESTIS (CHALCOPHORA) VIRGINIENSIS. Plate XXX. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTroN: Serricornes. Famriy: Bnprestide. GENus. BupreEstIs, Linn. SuBGENusS. Chaleophora, Solier. BUPRESTIS (CHALCOPHORA) VIRGINIENSIS. Thorace lato fusco, punctis cupreis; elytris serratis atris, maculis cupreis, saturaque metallica. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 14 lin.) Syn. Buprestis Virginiensis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Herbst. Col. ix. p. 114. 63. t. 148. f. 1. Buprestis Virginica, Linn. (Gimel.) 1. iv. p. 1940. No. 110. Rossi (Hellw.) Fn. Etr. 1. p. 211. not. HABITAT: Virginia. Head smalland broad. Antennze about the length of the thorax, and small. Thorax broad and rugged, having the elevated parts of a dark coppery colour; but the depressed ones lighter, covered with very small punctures, and joining close to the wing-cases. Scutellum very small and triangular. Elytra of the same colour with the thorax; the dark parts in the figure being those that lie highest. They are margined on the sides and suture, extending even with the anus; which near their edges are slightly serrated. Under side shining and coppery, but on the sides with a tincture of flesh colour. Legs the same; with two tibial spurs. GOLIATHUS GIGANTEUS. Plate XXXI. fig. 1. OrpeR: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniide. Genus. GouriatHus, De Lamarck. Cetonia, Oliv. Scarabeeus, Linn, Xe. GontaTHus GIGANTEUS. Thorace piceo, nudo, holosericeo-albo lineato ; elytris glaucis, clypeo porrecto bifido. (Long. Corp. 4 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Goliathns Giganteus, Kirby in Introd. to Ent. vol. 3. p. 33. v. 4. p, 493. Scarabeeus Goliathus, Linn. Mant. 5.30. Cetonia Goliata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1.2. p. 124. 1. Cetonia Goliathus, Olivier, 1. No. 6. pl. 5. f. 33. Goliathus Magnus, Naturalist’s Library, Beetles, pl. 16. Goliathus Africanus, De Lamarck Anim. sans Vert. Hapitat: Western Africa, near the Equinoctial line. Head, above, flesh-coloured; beneath, black; about three-fourths of an inch in length, terminating in two blunt, obtuse, and irregular horns. Two other thick and jagged horns also arise from its sides, much shorter than the former. Its breadth at the base is half an inch; having a small projecting ridge running along the middle, from thence to the extremity, at the base of the horns. Thorax an inch and a half long, being principally black; but along the sides is flesh-coloured. It has also five narrow and irregular waved lines of a flesh colour running from the anterior to the posterior edges; one of which, being in the middle of the thorax, is narrower than the rest; the two next this terminate at the posterior edges in a fine rose colour; these next the lateral edges are broadest, having likewise a patch of rose colour next the wing-cases. About the middle of the thorax, these external lines separate and divide, continuing so almost to the anterior edges, where they again unite. ‘The under part of the thorax is flesh colour; but in the middle of a yellowish brown. The scutellum is triangular and black ; with a clear white central oblong mark truncated in front. Elytra beautiful chocolate-coloured, and 62 covered with a great number of short fine hairs, resembling the pile on velvet ; the anterior part, with a narrow and indented margin, of a cream colour, also surrounding the scutellum. ‘The elytra are two inches broad at the base. Legs very dark green colour, almost black. Intermediate and posterior femora and tibiz with dark yellow hairs. Abdomen very dark green, furnished on the sides and edge with dark yellow hairs. Sternum rather long. This magnificent insect may be regarded as one of the rarest species figured in these Illustrations. Drury states, that the specimen here represented was brought from Africa by Mr. Ogilvie, surgeon of His Majesty’s ship the Renown, being found floating, dead, in the river Gaboon, opposite Prince’s Island, near the equinoctial line. Nearly seventy years have elapsed since the insect was first described, and yet the insect remains, as far as my knowledge extends, unique.* It would appear that the specimen either belonged to or passed into the hands of Dr. Hunter after the death of Mr. Drury, for Fabricius describes the species with a citation of the museum of Dr. Hunter alone; and Olivier’s figure was taken from the specimen whilst it was in that gentleman’s possession. After his decease it passed, with his collection, by bequest, into the possession of the University of Glasgow, where it now forms one of the most interesting objects in the Hunterian Museum. Joseph Hooker, Esq., son of Sir W. Hooker, the highly distinguished botanist of Glasgow, tells me that the individual in question was picked up by a sailor in the river above mentioned, and that it is stated in the MSS. of Dr. Hunter that it cost Mr. Drury £10. In the Catalogue of the Insects of Mr. Drury, which were sold by auction at the Natural History Sale Rooms in King Street, Covent Garden (now occupied by Mr. J. C. Stevens), on the 23rd of May, 1805, and two following days, the 95th lot is described as ‘* Scarabzeus Goliathus, var.” Whence it would appear that the insect here figured was not in the possession of Mr. Drury at his decease, and that he only possessed the insect figured in the 3rd volume of these Illustrations, pl. 40, which evidently on the authority of Fabricius he had regarded as a variety only of the specimen here figured. The genus Goliathus is exceedingly interesting, not only on account of the gigantic size and singular form of the species of which it is composed, but also from the geographical range of the group. Mr. Kirby observes upon this subject, “ Mr. W. S. Mac Leay has remarked to me that Goliathus Lam. appears to belt the globe, but not under one form. The types of the genus are the vast African Goliaths (G. giganteus, &c.), which, as well as G. Polyphemus, and another brought from Java by Dr. Horsfield, have, like Cetonia, the scapulars interposed between the posterior angles of the prothorax and the shoulders of the elytra, while the South American species (G. micans,t &c.) have not this projection of the scapulars ; in this resembling ‘Trichius; Mr. Mac Leay further observes, that the * Since this was written, I have been favoured by Mr. Mac Leay with an inspection of his magnificent collection, whieh possesses a Goliathus, nearly resembling the insect here figured, and which that gentleman considers as a variety of this. It is, however, considerably smaller, and the horns of the head are not so much developed. + Goliath. micans is an inhabitant of Africa, and not of South America, it is figured in the 2nd vol. of these Illustrations, pl. 32. 63 female of the Javanese Goliathus is exactly a Cetonia, while that of the Brazilian is a Tri- chius.”—Introd. to Entomology, vol. 4. p. 494. Since the publication of this passage, the genus Goliathus has undergone a considerable revision ; the South American species, Cetonia Ynca, abr. barbicornis, Mac Leay, &c., have been separated from the genus by Saint Fargeau and Serville in the Encyclopédie Méthodique, under the generic name of Ynea, and the Javanese species above noticed (Gol. Rhinophyllus* Wiedemann) is stated by Latreille in the Régne Animal, 2nd_ edition, not to belong to the genus Goliathus, but to that of Cetonia. The genus is thus restricted to the African species,t with the exception of a Mexican insect which Dejean has named Goliathus Hoffneri. The genus Ynea may thus be regarded rather as a geographical sub- genus, or type of form belonging to and representing the African species of Goliathus. DIAPREPES SPENGLERI. Plate XXXII. fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionidae. SuBFAMILY: Brachyderides. Genus. DIAPREPES, Schonherr. Chlorima, Dej.. Curculio, Linn. Se. DIAPREPES SPENGLERI. Niger, thorace albo-squamoso, elytris squamositate flava vestitis, satura, margine striisque tribus elevatis, nudis, nigris, notatis. (Long. Corp. 7 lin.) Syn. Curculio Spengleri, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 2. 609.32. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 532. No. 149. Oliv. Ent. 7, 83.311. No. 345. ¢. 2. f. 15. C. 7. 20. f, 254. Herbst. Col. 6. t. 68. f. 11. § 7’. 69.. f.. 1. Schonh. Syn. Inse Curcul. 2. p. 8. No. 1- Curculio Aurifer, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Head black, long, and rostrated; as long as the thorax, which is also black. ‘They are both striped underneath with streaks of a shining, golden, green colour. Scutellum very small. Elytra dark brown, extending very low down the sides, and terminating in a point, double margined. The abdomen dark brown, and, with the wing-cases, adorned with many oblong spots or streaks, of a golden green colour. Femora simple, and dark brown. ‘Tibia hairy, particularly within. Underside of the tarsi brown yellow. The golden spots, or streaks, on this insect vary very much; in some individuals being ash-coloured. some blue, and in others nearly white. The colour also of the wing-cases in some is almost black, in others of a red brown. * The female of this insect and two other new species of Goliathus, are described by M. L. Buquet, in the Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, for 1835 and 1836. + Hence I have not adopted De Lamarck’s specific name Africanus, which is of course applicable to all the species. COPRIS MOLOSSUS. Plate XXXII. fig. 2. OrpeER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabeide. Genus. Copris, Geoffroy. Scarabeus, Linn. Copris Monossus. Thorace retuso bidentato, utrinque impresso; clypeo lunato unicorni integro, elytris levibus. (Long. Corp. 2 une.) Syn. Scarabeeus Molossus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 543, No. 8. Fabricius Ent. Syst. 1. p. 51. No. 167. Olivier, 1. 3.t. 5. f. 37. . t. 4. fig. 25. De Geer. Ins. 1. t. 32. f.2. Schonherr Syn. Ins. p. 43. HapitaT: China. Entirely black. Head broad and thin, rounded in front and margined; having a strong erect horn, near half an inch long. Thorax margined, and much elevated, terminating upwards in an high ridge, whose sides are furnished with two short horns, varying very much in their length (the females being entirely hornless) ; it is also, as well as the head, regularly covered with innumerable small pustules, which are scarce visible to the naked eye. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra margined, short, and almost smooth. Femora broad, hairy, and strong. Tibiz with strong spurs. Ungues very small, scarcely visible. PHILEURUS DIDYMUS. Plate XXXII. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section : Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastide. Genus. Puiteurus, Latreille. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabzeus, Linn. PHILEURUS DipyMmus. Depressus, thorace fossula excavata, capite tricuspide, elytris striatis. (Long. Corp. 2 unc.) Syn. Searabeus Didymus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p.545. No. 19. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 20. No.61. Oliv. Ent.1.3. p. 42. No. 46. t. 2. fig. 9. Schonherr Syn. Inst.1.p.19. No. 85. Pal. Bauv. Ins. Col. pl. 16. f. 3. HABITAT: ( 2? Drury). America (Fabricius). Head, black, small, and triangular, having three tubercles issuing from it, of which the anterior is pointed, the others blunt. Thorax black, which is the general colour of the insect, rounded, smooth, and margined, haying an impression in front, with a short tubercle situated on it near the edge; from whence runs a hollow grooye or channel to the posterior margin. Scutellum small. Elytra shining, margined and furrowed. Abdomen smooth and shining, without hair. ‘Tibize furnished with spines, as are the first joints of the middle and posterior tarsi. BRACHYCERUS GLOBOSUS. Plate XXXII. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionide. SUBFAMILY: Brachycerides. Genus. BracuyceRvus. Fabr. Curculio, Linn. &e. BRACHYCERUS GLOBOSUS. Ovatus niger, rostro varioloso, subcarinato, medio bifoviolato, basi bi-tuberculato, thorace utrinque spinoso, quinque suleato, postice truncato, elytris levibus. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syn. Curculio Globosus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 413. No.6. Oliv. Ent. V. 82. p. 47. No.6. t.2.f.10. Schonh. Syn. Ins. Curcul. 1. 392. No. 9. HABITAT: Cape of Good Hope. 65 Antenne short, gradually increasing in size from the base. Head black, long, and rough above. Elytra black, Thorax black, and very rough; each side terminating in a thick spine or tubercle. smooth, and round, and reaching so far down the sides of the abdomen as almost to meet underneath, being rather longer than the head and thorax. Femora and tibiz partly black, and partly of a dirty orange; being covered in several parts with a kind of pile of the colour last mentioned. Scutellum obsolete. Each of the ungues furnished with a spine. HIPPORHINUS VERRUCOSUS. Plate XXXII. fig. 5. OrpDER: Coleoptera. Section: Rhyncophora. FAmiLy: Curculionidee. SUBFAMILY: Entimides. Genus. Hrprorninus, Schonh. Bronchus, Germar. Curculio, Linn. Se. Elongato-ovatus niger, eeneo-micans, rostro quasi abscisso, quinque sulcato, HIPPORHINUS VERRUCOSUS. (Long. thorace confertim tubereulato, elytris seriato-tubereulatis apice singulatim verruca crassa anctis. Corp. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Curculio Verrucosus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 12. p. 618. No.90. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 534. No. 161. Herbst. Col. 6. 308. t. 84. fig. 6. Schonh. Syn. Ins. Curcul. 1. 481. 27. Hasrrat: Cape of Good Hope. General colour brassy black. Head long, and furnished with a thick rostrum, whereon are placed the antenne. Thorax rounded, and regularly covered with small pustules. Head and thorax almost the length of the elytra, which are long, brassy, and covered with several rows of tubercles; some being small and round, others larger and oblong; they extend very deeply down the sides of the abdo- men, and at their extremities terminate in two swellings: Scutellum obsolete. Femora simple. Pos- terior tibiae very crooked. LAMIA (STERNOTOMIS) PULCHRA. Plate XXXII. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera, Section: Longicornes. FamriLy: Lamiide. Genus. Lanta, Fabr. §c. Cerambyx p. Linn. §c. SUBGENUS. Sternotomis, Percheron. Lamia (STERNOTOMIS) PuLCHRA. Nigra, thorace transversé fulvo trifasciato, elytris fulvo maculatis et variegatis, maculis interdum viridi-cinctis. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc. 3 lin.) Cerambyx Pulcher. Drury, App. vol. 2. (nee C. pulcher Fabr. qui ad C. mirabilem Drurii pertinet.) Lamia blanda, Schonh. Syn. Ins. 3. 373. Lamia ornata, Pal. Bauv. Ins. d’ Afr. et d’Amer. Col. Pl. 37. f. 1. Lamia regalis, Fabr.? Syst. Eleuth. 2. 286. HABITAT: Jamaica. Head orange colour, encircled with black stripes. Antenne black, being a little longer than the insect. Thorax orange-coloured, encircled with black rings; having a single spine on each side. Elytra with orange-coloured clouds and spots on them, separated by black partitions, some being mar- gined with green. Abdomen orange-coloured, the middle being of a dirty green. Femora simple, dark green. ‘Tibiz the same. I K CETONIA AURATA, var. y. Plate XXXIII. fig. 1. OrpDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniide. Genus. CeEtonts, Fabricius. Scarabeus, Linn. Creronr1aA AuRATA, Segmento abdominis primo lateribus unidentato, elytris lineolis transversis albis. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syn. Scarabzeus Pallidus, Drury, App.v. 2. Herbst. Col. 111.p. 247. 35. tab. 31. fig. 2. Cetonia Aurata, Duftschm. Fn. Aust. 1. p. 166.3. Schonh. Syn. Ins. 111.p.119. No. 37. y. Hapirat: Smyrna (Drury). General colour above, rusty copper; beneath, shining purple. Thorax smooth, margined, and narrow in front. Elytra margined, and near their extremities a little protuberant. On the first joint of the abdomen are two scales lying close under the hinder thighs, which are thin and sharp on their edges, but next the body are thick and strong.* The breast is a little hairy. ‘Tibize dentated and hairy, except the fore ones. Each of the tibize with two spurs. CETONIA FASCICULARIS. Plate XXXIII. fig. 2. OrbDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY : Cetoniide. Genus. CETONIA, Fabricius. Scarabzeus, Linn. CETONIA FascrcuLaris. Thorace lineis quatuor albis, elytris viridibus, abdominis incisuris barbatis. (Long. Corp. 1 une.) Syn. Scarabeeus Fascicularis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 557. 75. Cetonia F, Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. 2. p. 144.45. Olivier Ent. 1. 6. p. 16.12. t. 11. f 108. Schonh. Syn. Ins. 3. 126. 67. Petiv. Gazoph. t. 8. f.6. Roesel. vol. 2. tab. B. f. 6. HABITAT: Cape of Good Hope. Head black, small, and quadrangular. Antenne black. Thorax black, smooth, and shining: with a white margin on its sides, and two white lines running from the neck to the posterior edge, being placed nearly at equal distances. Scutellum triangular, black, and shining. Elytra dark green. Each joint of the abdomen is covered with tufts of orange-coloured hairs on its sides. Temora and tibiz, particularly the fore ones, hairy. The middle of the breast and abdomen is black and shining. Anterior tibize with four spines and teeth; the middle ones with six, and the hind ones with five. * These scales, which Drury in his description called “the abdominal scales,” are the dilated trochanters of the posterior pair of legs. CETONIA CAPENSIS. Plate XXXIII. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTIoN: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniide. Genus. CeErontA, Fabricius. Scarabeeus, Linn. CeToniA CAPENSIS. Rufa hirta, punctis albis adspersa. (Long. Corp. 10 lin.) Syn. Scarabzeus Capensis, Linn. Syst. Nat.1. 11. p.556. 73. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 144.48. Olivier Ent. 16. p. 27. 28. t. 6.38. ab. Herbst. Col. 111. tab. 29. f.12. Schonh. Syn. Ins. 111.127. 71, Scarabzeus albo punctatus, De Geer Ins. vii. p. 640. 40, ¢. 48. f. 2. HapitaT: Cape of Good Hope. Head margined, black, and nearly quadrangular. Antenne black. Thorax margined, and of a dark chocolate colour; which, with the elytra and scutellum, are hairy, and embellished with a great number of white spots. The latter is black and shining. Elytra fine chocolate-coloured, and faintly margined (the suture being black), not covermg the anus. ‘The under part of the insect is covered with pale clay-coloured hairs; but on the fore femora, and next the head, the hairs are browner. CETONIA FASTUOSA. Plate XXXIII. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniide. Genus. CeEtonia, Fabricius. Scarabzeus, Linn. CETONIA FAsTuosaA. Enea nitidissima, immaculata. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.) Syn. Cetonia Fastuosa. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p.137.10. Panzer Faun. Ins. Germ. xii. 16. Cetonia Aurata var. Olivier Icon. 6. tab. 1.1. f.1.f- Scarabzeus eruginosus, Drury, p. 72. (Exclus. Syn. Linn.) Hasitat: Smyrna (Drury). South of Europe (Fabricius). Entirely shing golden green-coloured, except the antenna, which are blackish. Head margined, anall, and quadrangular. Thorax smooth and margined. Scutellum triangular. The elytra margined, having two little swellings near the extremities, and not extending beyond the anus. The breast and abdomen are smooth. Mesosternum extending beyond the middle thighs. Tibize armed with spines at the tips, and the fore ones deeply dentated. GYMNETIS NITIDA et var. Plate XXXIII. fig. 5. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniide. GENus. GYMNETIS, Mac Leay. (Hore Ent.1.p.1.p.152.) Scarabseus, Linn. GyMNETIS Nitrpa. Glabra viridis, thoracis et elytrorum marginibus testaceis, tibiis haud dentatis, capite spina recumbente. (Long. Corp. fere 10 lin.) Syn. Gymnetis Nitida, Mac Leay Hore Ent. Cetonia Nitida, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 139.24. Olivier Ent. 1. 6. p. 18. 14. t. 3.f. 16. § tab. 7- SJ. 56. a, b, ¢. Searabeeus N. Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 552. No. 51. De Geer, vol. 14. ¢. 19. f.8, 9. Hasirat: Antigua, St. Christopher’s, Jamaica, Maryland, New York, Virginia, &c. (Drury). K 2 68 Head green, small, quadrangular, and margined. On the front is a tubercle, like a short thick horn ; in the middle is another lying flat. Thorax margined, and of a dark green colour, but round the sides of a dirty clay colour. Elytra faintly margined; in some specimens being of a dark green, with a dark orange border on the sides; in others almost entirely of a dark orange, and in others party-coloured. Thorax terminating between the wing-cases, like an obtuse angle; but a microscope discovers something like a scutellum. Breast and abdomen shining green, and not hairy. The femora and tibiz clay- coloured ; but when held in particular positions, seem of a shining green. Posterior trochanters distinct. MACRASPIS TETRADACTYLA. Plate XXXIII. fig. 7. OrvDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAmILy: Rutelide. Genus. Macraspis, MacLeay. Cetonia, Fabr. Scarabeeus, Linn. MACRASPIS TETRADACTYLA. Atra, scutello elytris dimidio breviore, pedibus triunguiculatis, pollice fixo. (Long. Corp. cire. 1 une.) Syn. Scarabeus Tetradactylus, Linn. Mant.530. Sloane Jamaica, t. 237.f. 2. Cetonia T. Fabr. Syst. El. 11. p. 151.80. Olivier Enc. 1.6. p. 74. 93. t.2. f. 8. § t. 7. f. 53. HABITAT: Jamaica. Entirely deep shining black. Front of the head margined, from whence underneath appear two lips. Thorax margined. Elytra not margined, nor covering the anus. Scutellum remarkably large and long, reaching half way down the wing-cases. Posterior trochanters distinct. Sternum long. ‘Tibi dentated, and armed with spines, particularly at the tips; tarsal joints also furnished with spines. Ungues composed of two principal hooks, which divide and separate as usual; but one has an immoveable lesser hook within it, and likewise a long spine fixed to the last tarsal joint of equal length with the hooks, as shewn in the figure near the insect. GYMNETIS LANIUS. Plate XXXIII. fig. 8. ORDER: Coleoptera. SecTron: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniide. Genus. Gymnetis, Mac Leay. Secarabeus, Linn. Cetonia, Fabr. Gymvetis Lantus. Livida, thorace punctis duobus, elytris maculis plurimis nigris, sterno antice cornuto. (Long. Corp. fere 1 une.) Syn. Scarabzeus Lanius, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 557. No. 77? Cetonia L. Fabricius Syst. El. 11. p. 141. 34. Olivier Ent. 16. p.19.15. t. 2.f. 4. Sloane Jamaica, 11. tab. 237. f. 7.8? HABITAT: Jamaica. Head quadrangular, with a black margin. Antenne brown. General colour dirty clay. Thorax faintly margined, terminating between the wing-cases in a blunt angle, having four black spots on the top near the head. Elytra with a great number of black spots of different shapes sprinkled all over them. Scutellum concealed. Femora hairy. ‘Tibia the same, except the fore ones; all of which are party-coloured, being at the base clay colour, and at the tips black. The tarsi and ungues black. Posterior trochanters large and strong. Sternum long, and inclined from the body. DYNASTES SATYRUS. Plate XXXIV. fig. 1. ¢.—2. 9. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastide. Genus: DyNaAsTES, Mae Leay. Geotrupes, Fabricius. Scarabeus, Linn. Se. DyNastEs SaTyrus. Thorace inermi antice truncato; capitis cornu recuryo capite longiori ¢ ; clypeo tuber- culato, thorace plano. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Geotrupes Satyrus, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1.15. No. 49. Scarabzeus 8. Fabr. Spec. Ins. 1.12. No. 42. Olivier Ent. 13. p.39.t. 11. fi 94. a. b. Searabeeus Jamaicensis, Drury, App. vol.2. Jablonsky, Nat. 8.11. p. 83. No. 68. t. 9. fig. 8. 9. (nee Sear. Jamaicensis, Fabr. Oliv.) Hapitat: New York. Male. Head black, and furnished with a single horn terminating in a point, and bending back- wards, having in front two small protuberances; hairy beneath. ‘Thorax black, shining and margined ; the upper part elevated, and appearing almost perpendicular. Elytra margined and furrowed; also black, as is the anus. Abdomen reddish brown, with dark yellow hairs. Thighs brown, almost black ; broad, strong, and hairy. Anterior tibia deeply dentated with a strong spine at the tips, and hairy. Middle tibiae strong, and very spinose; particularly at the tips, where there are two long ones on each. which are likewise very hairy. Ungues very small. Scutellum triangular and small. Female. Resembles the male in every part but the thorax and head; the former being quite smooth and convex without any prominence, and the latter, in the room of a horn, has a small protuberance, just discernible by the naked eye. DYNASTES ANTZEUS. Plate XXXIV. fig. 3. g¢.—4. 9. OrvDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastide. Genos. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabricius. Scarabeus, Linn. §e. DyNAsTEs ANT#HUS. Thorace tricorni; cornu intermedio longiori simplici, capite mutico, elytris levissimis. (Long. Corp. fere 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Searabeus Anteus, Drury, App. vol.2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1, p.12. No. 31. Olivier Ent. 1. 3. 24. No. 23. ¢. 12. f. 105. § t. 13. f. 124. a. b. Geotrupes A. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1.p. 12. No. 36. Pal. Bauv. Ins. d’ Afr. et @Amer. Col. Pl. 1. Jig. 5. 6. HABITAT: Jamaica. Male. Head black, with two small protuberances like teeth in front. Thorax black, smooth, shining, and margined; having three horns on it, each of which is about a third of an inch in length; two of which are placed near the elytra, almost erect, inclining towards each other, but with their points inclining to the wings; the third arises from the front of the thorax, bending backwards in a curved direction. Elytra brown, very smooth, shining, and margined. Scutellum triangular. Abdomen red, brown, and hairy. Tibiee the same colour, and hairy, all of them being armed with spines, principally about the tips. Female. Resembles the male in every respect except the horns, which are wanting in that sex. PELIDNOTA PUNCTATA. Plate XXXIV. fig. 5. OrpER: Coleoptera. SEcTIoN: Lamellicornes. FamiLy: Rutelide. Genus. Pevipnota, Mac Leay. Scarabeus, Linn. PrELIDNOTA PuncTaTA. Testacea, elytrorum singulo punctis tribus fuscis distantibus. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.) Syn. Scarabeeus Punctatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 557. 76. Melolontha P. Fabricius Syst. El. 11. p. 166. 28. Olivier Ent. 1. 5. p. 22. t. 1. f.6.a. b. Herbst. Col. 111. p. 69. 16. t. 23. f. 6. Hasrrat: New York, Virginia, Maryland, Antigua. Head brown orange; but round the eyes (which are black) and next the thorax of a shining brassy green. Thorax and elytra brown orange, and faintly margined ; the former with two small black spots, and the latter with three on each side, one close to the thorax, another near the corner of the wing- cases, and the third in the middle. Scutellum shining bright green. Abdomen and legs greenish black. Tibie spinose and denticulated, especially at the tips: the three middle articulations of the tarsi are also furnished with spines. AREODA LANIGERA. Plate XXXIV. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. Sectron: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Melolonthide. GeENus. AReEODA, Leach, Mac Leay. Melolontha, Fabr. Scarabeus, Linn. AREODA LANIGERA. Capite thoraceque aureis, elytris luteis, corpore subtus lanato. (Long. Corp. fere 1 une.) Syn. Scarabzeus Lanigerus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 555. 67. Melolontha L. Fabr. Syst. El. 11. p. 165. 26. Oliv. Ent. 1.5. p. 21. 17. t. 4.f. 39. a.b. Herbst. Col. 111. p. 152. 109. ¢. 26. f. 8. Areoda L. Mac Leay Hore Ent. 1. part 1. p. 158. Hasrrat: New York, and other parts of North America. Head brownish yellow, being divided in the middle by a transverse suture, the front or fore part being margined, and very plain or even; posterior part shining green or pearl colour, according to the various directions in which it is held. Thorax and scutellum of a changeable brown yellow colour. Between the thorax and the elytra is a row of pale yellow or white hairs. Elytra lemon-coloured, sur- rounded by a very small, narrow, black margin, and minutely punctured. Abdomen shining green black, covered with a multitude of grey hairs. Legs red brown. Anterior tibiae broad and thin; being black on the outside, where they are armed with three strong spines or teeth. Intermediate and posterior tibiae with two spurs. Ungues remarkably bent and long. ORYCTES NASICORNIS. Plate XXXIV. fig. 7. J.—8. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastidze. Genus. Orycress, Iiliger. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabzeus, Linn. OrycTEs NASIcORNIS. Thorace prominentia triplici, capitis cornu recurvo, elytris levibus. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Scarabzeus Nasicornis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 544. No.15. Oliv. Ent. 1.3. p. 37. No. 41. t. 3. f. 19. a-d. Panzer Faun. Ins. G. 28. No.2. g. Roesel Ins. 11.1. p. 41—65. n. 5. t.7.f. 8. 3. f. 10. &§ t.6,859. Larva, Pupa, &e. Stephens Illustr. Brit. Ent. Mandibulata, 3. p. 216. Hasirat: Holland, and other parts of Europe. Male. Head black, with a horn terminating in a point, and bending backwards. Eyes red brown. Thorax brown, almost black, margined and prominent, terminating upwards in three pointed tubercles. Scutellum black, and nearly triangular. Elytra red brown, smooth, shining, slightly margmed. ‘The abdomen, legs, and all the under parts of a red brown, and hairy. ‘Tibize spined. Female. Resembles the male in every thing but the head and thorax; having on the former, instead of the horn, a small tubercle, and on the latter a small impression in the place of the pointed knobs. This insect has been introduced into the list of British species on the authority of the late Mr. Haworth, who recorded the fact of a livmg specimen having been taken by a bricklayer amongst old timber, on pullig down the roof of a building at Chelsea, (Entom. Trans. vol. i. p.76.) Mr. Stephens, however, (loc. supra citat.) thinks it very doubtful whether the species be really indigenous, as it appears highly probable that the specimen above alluded to, may have been imported amongst some of the Conti- nental plants which abound in the above vicinity, the insect occurring very copiously in rotten bark, the refuse of conservatories, and putrid wood in various parts of the Continent. COPRIS SULCATUS. Plate XXXV. fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabeide. Genus. Copris, Geoffroy. Scarabeus, Linn. Copris SuLcatus. Ater, capitis tuberculo unico, elytris striatis, thorace anticé linea irregulari dorsali impresso. (Long. Corp. 1 une.) Syn. Scarabzeus Suleatus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Scarabeeus Suleator, Oliv. Ins. 1.3. 142. 171. tab. 26. f. 225? Copris Suleata, Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. \. p. 53. No. 104. Ent. Syst.1.p.61. No. 200. HABITAT: Jamaica. Head broad and thin, hairy underneath; terminating in a short straight horn, inclining backwards, with a small tubercle on each side. Eyes almost surrounded by the thin sides of the head, being placed so as to see both above and below it. Thorax margined, with several protuberances on its front; and on the top with a strong indented line running from the front to the suture of the elytra, where likewise 72 its margin is interrupted by two smaller impressions, forming an appearance like a square escutcheon. Elytra as long as the thorax, margined, and deeply furrowed, scarcely reaching to the anus. General colour above black or raven grey, but not shining. Thighs very strong, black, and broad. Anterior tibia strong, with three teeth and a spine. ‘Tarsi and ungues very small. Middle and hinder tibiz small at the base, but broad and thick with strong spines at the tips. Scutellum obsolete. COPRIS CAROLINA. Plate XXXV. fig. 2. OrpErR Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabwide. GENUS. CQOPRIS, Geoffroy. Scarabeus, Linn. Copris CAROLINA. Thorace retuso binodi, capitis cornu erecto brevissimo, clypeo integro, elytris sulcatis. (Long. Corp. cire. 1 unc.) Syn. Scarabeeus Carolinus, Linn. Syst. Nat.1. 11.545. No. 16. Fabr. Syst. Bleuth. 1. p. 43. No. 60. (Copris C.) Oliv. Ent. 1.3. p. 134. No. 160. ¢. 12. f. 113. De Geer Ins. 4. p. 310. t. 18. f. 13. Pal. Bauv. Ins. ad Amer. et d'Afr. Col. pl. 3. a. f. 7. Hasitat: Maryland, New York. Head broad and thin, not hairy underneath. Near the front is a thick tubercle (not rising to an horn, as in Fig. I.) projecting forward, being in some specimens (probably females) very small. ‘Thorax margined, lying very high above the head, having protuberances in front, which in some are very faint, and with a small impression on each side near the margin on the lower part. Elytra longer than the thorax, margined and furrowed, (but not so deeply as in Fig. I.),and reaching to the anus. General colour deep black, and shining like pitch, both on the upper and under sides. ‘Thighs very strong, not hairy. The anterior tibiee strong, with four teeth, and a strong spine to each. The tarsi and ungues very small. The other tibiz are like those in the preceding figure. Scutellum obsolete. PHAN/EUS CARNIFEX. Plate XXXV. fig. 3.4. ¢.—5. 9. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabeide. Genus. PHAN#US, Mac Leay. Copris, Fabr. Scarabseus, Linn. PHAN@US CARNIFEX. Thorace mutico angulato postice igneo-cupreo, capitis cornu longo reflexo, corpore eneo, (Long. Corp. 8—10} lin.) Syn. Searabzeus Carnifex, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p.546. No. 22. Fab. Syst. Eleuth. 1. 48. 84. Oliv. Ent. 1.3. p 135, No. 161. t. 6. f 46. a. b.t. 10. f. 86. var. 9. Brown Jamaica, 428. t. 43. f.5. Pal. Bauv. Ins. d@ Afr. et @ Amer. Col. pl.3.a.f. 8.9. Mac Leay Hore Entomol. vol. 1. Phaneus C. Scarabzeus Pillularius Americanus, Catesby Carolina, 3.p.11. tab. 11. Hasrirat: New York, Maryland, Virginia, Carolina, &e. There is no doubt that all these figures belong to one species; though differing, not only in size, but structure. Antenne: light red brown. Head thin, rounded, margined, and of a green golden colour ; some (which are evidently males) being furnished with a smooth, round, black horn, almost as long as the thorax, and inclining backwards ; others have only a small tubercle in the place of the horn ; and others have a small horn, about one-fourth the length of the first mentioned, as in Fig. IV. Thorax rQ 73 next the head golden green; behind and on the upper part is golden red, and margined, rough and shagreened. In the horned specimens this part terminates on each side the posterior margin in a pro- jecting angle, which is more or less conspicuous, in proportion as the horn is long or short. Those which are quite hornless, as Fig. V., are entirely destitute of these angulated risings, having the thorax rounded, but in its front a small black protuberance or swelling is seen. Elytra golden green, inclining to a blue, and very much channelled, with small striae placed between others of larger size, extending almost even with the anus. Abdomen black, the sides shining green. Anterior femora and tibiee black and hairy; the latter very strong and dentated, having a long moveable spine fixed on the inner edge of each, extending somewhat beyond the tarsi, which are very short and small. Intermediate and posterior thighs shining golden green, broad and strong. ‘Tibi black, with two spines (one very long) at the tips. Tarsi five-jointed, ungues single, and not divided as most insects have them. Scutellum obsolete. COPRIS MINUTUS. Plate XXXV. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabzeide, Mac Leay. Genus. Copris, Geoffroy. Scarabeeus, Drury. Copris Minutus. Niger, capitis cornu parvo erecto, thorace anticé eleyato et tuberculato, elytris striatis. (Long. Corp. 43 lin.) Syn. Scarabzeus Minutus. Drury, App. vol. 2. Copris Leevis. Schonh. Syn. 1.54. 126. (Nee Levis, Drury, tab. 35. f. 7. sec. cit. Sch.) Hapitat: New York. Entirely black. Head broad and black, extending on each side beyond the eyes, having a small horn on it projecting forwards. Thorax margined, high and prominent, with some small protuberances on its front. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra furrowed, longer than the thorax, and margined; extending beyond the anus. Femora strong and round. ‘Tibiz small at the base, thickened towards the tips, and armed with spines. COPROBIUS LA‘VIS. Plate XXXV. fig. 7. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabwide, Mac Leay. GeENus. Coprosius, Latr. Ateuchus, Fabr. Scarabzeus p. Linn. Coprosius La&vis. Niger opacus levis, clypeo emarginato, thorace postice rotundato, elytrorum lateribus humeralibus haud incisis. (Long. Corp, 9 lin.) Syn. Scarabeus Levis, Drury, App. vol. 2. (1773.) Oliv. Ent. 1.3. p. 160. No. 197. t. 10,f. 89. Searabeus Volvens, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 66. No. 221. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 60. No. 26. (Ateuchus y.) (Exclus. syn. Sear. pilularius, Linn.) Schon. Syn. Ins. 1. 1. p. 62. Habitat: New York, Maryland. Entirely black, shining like pitch on the under side. Head broad, flattish, and smooth. Thorax margined, smooth, and convex. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra margined, smooth, not reaching to the anus, and rather longer than the thorax. Anterior tibie having three teeth on their outer sides, above I L 74 which are several very minute ones, Intermediate and posterior thighs and tibia smaller than are usually observed among those lamellicorn beetles which have no scutellum, The advantages resulting from the modern method of investigation adopted in Natural History in general, and especially in Entomology, are no where more conspicuous than in the case of the present species of dung-rolling beetles or pillularti, as they were aptly termed by Pliny and other old writers; the present species inhabiting North America, having been long confounded with an inhabitant of Southern Europe, which indeed pos- sesses a similarity in general appearance and habits, but belongs to a distinct genus. Linnzus applied the term pilularius specifically to the species inhabiting Italy and Spain , referring, however, to Catesby’s Carolina, pl. 11., so that it is evident that this writer had never seen the North American insect. Schonher however remarks, “ scarabeus pillularius Linn. pertinet ad At. volvens Fabr ;”* whilst Fabricius, although quoting Drury and De Geer (who both figure the North American species) has increased the confusion by giving Southern Europe as its habitat. Under these circumstances I have done our author the justice to revert to’ his specific name; his being certainly the earliest systematic specific reference to the American species, which may be distinguished from the European one by the following particulars :— Genus. Coprobius, Latreille. Genus. Gymnopleurus, Liliger. (Elytra entire at the sides; intermediate tibiz (Elytra with a deep lateral notch near the with two spurs.) shoulders ; intermediate tibice with one spur.) Coprobius levis, Drury. (Scarab.) volvens, Gymnopleurus pilularius, Zinn. (Scarab.) Fabr. Fabr. Oliv. Hasirat. North America. Hasirat. Southern Europe. ONITIS SPINIPES. Plate XXXV. fig. 8. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTIoN: Lamellicornes. FAmILy : Scarabeide, Mac Leay. GENus. Oniris, Fabr. Scarabeus, Linn. Drury. ON1ITIs SPINIPES. Exscutellatus niger opacus, capite subcornuto, pedibus intermediis dilatatis et incisis. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.) Syn. Scarabeus Spinipes, Drury, App. vol. 2. (1773). Scarabeeus Sphinx, Fabr. Ent. Syst. p. 25, No. 98. (1775.) Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 29. 9. (Onitis Sp.) Schonh. Syn. Ins. 1. p. 31. 10. : Hasitat: China. Entirely black. Head margined and rough, having two small protuberances entirely surrounding the eyes. Palpi rather long. Thorax convex, smooth, and margined, being as long as the elytra, and having on each side near the lateral margin a small impression. On the posterior margin next the suture are two more impressions, and a longer one between them. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra furrowed, * Ifthis had really been the case, the Fabrician name ought surely to have yielded to that of Linnzeus. 75 and extending to the anus, having a double margin on the sides. Anterior tibiz as long as the thorax, and remarkable for not having any tarsi, but being bent inwards at their extremities and dentated on their outer sides. Middle femora very broad and flat. Tibiz short, very narrow, and small at their base, but broad at the tips. Hinder thighs and tibiae not so broad as the middle ones. ‘Tarsi five-jointed. DYNASTES CENTAURUS. Plate XXXVI. fig. 1. OrpER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastidee, Mac Leay. Genus. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabeeus, Linn. Latr. DyNAsTES CENTAURUS. Thoracis cornu incurvo basi dentato apice bifido, capitis recurvato unidentato. (Long. Corp. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Scarabeus Centaurus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1.p.4. No. 5. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 4. No. 5. Oliv. Ent. 1.3. p- 14. n. 9. t. 11. f. 104. Sablonsk. Nat. Syst. 1. 228. No. 4. t. 2. f. 1. Schon. Syn. Ins. 1. p. 4. No. 10. Scarab. Gideon, Drury, App. vol. 2. (Exclus. Syn. Linn.) Hasirat: Sierra Leone (Drury). ‘In India Orientali, Africa’ (Fabricius). Head and thorax black; the latter terminating in a horn near an inch and a half long, standing almost erect, but bending forward and diminishing towards the end, which is forked, having a strong spine on each side of the front near the base. The head is furnished with another horn that inclines backwards towards the other, and at the extremity is curled and pointed, having a square knob placed on each side near the curl. Elytra dark brown, almost black, smooth and shining. ‘Tibize armed with spines and hairs. Drury states that this sect was brought from Sierra Leone, and that it lives in the mangrove trees ; many specimens having been taken from thence. TRICHIUS FASCIATUS. Plate XXXVI. fig. 2. ORDER : Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAmILy: Cetoniide. Genus. Tricuius, Fabricius. Cetonia p. Oliv. Scarabzeus, p. Linn. TRICHIUS FAsciATuUs. Niger, flavo-rufo-tomentosus, elytris atris fasciis duabus luteis interné confluentibus. (Long. Corp. 7-8 lin.) Syn. Scarabeus Fasciatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 11. p.556. Fabricius Ent. Syst. 1.119. Donovan Brit. Ins. 4. pl. 140. Steph. Illustr. Brit. Ent. Mandibulata, 3. p. 230. Trichius Succinctus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 11. p. 132 (variety). HABITAT : Germany, France, England. Head and thorax black, but thickly covered with yellow hairs. The scutellum black and triangular. Elytra tawny yellow, not reaching to the anus; having a black margin, and three large black spots situated on the lateral margin. Abdomen and breast black, and covered with hairs of a very light or pale yellow. Femora and tibie black and hairy. L2 76 The insect here figured is regarded by most authors as a variety only of the Trichius fasciatus. Fabricius, however, considered it as a distinct species, which he named Trichius succinctus. Dessau also, in the Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles (February 1829), has published some observations, in order to prove the specific distinctness of this and two other species with which it is generally regarded as identical. Its habits are different from those of the other Trichii; being generally found upon flowers, a peculiarity, with which its hirsute body and bee-like appearance apparently offer some indicatorial connexions. It is extremely rare in this country. DYNASTES TITANUS. Plate XXXVI. fig. 3. ¢.—4. 9. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAmriny: Dynastide, Mae Leay. Genus. DynastEs, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabzeus, Linn. Drury. DyNAsTEs TITANUS. Thorace tricorni, intermedio longiori apice bifido, lateralibus subarcuatis acutis, capite mutico. (Long. Corp. cum corn. thorac. 1 unc. 7} lin.) Syn. Scarab, Titanus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1.p.13. No. 36. Syst. El. 1. p. 13. No. 39. Jablonsk. Nat. Syst. 1. p. 282.¢.6.f.2. J. Olivier, 1.3. ¢. 5. f. 38. Scarabeeus Simson, Drury, App. vol.2. (Exclus. Syn. Linn.) Searabieus major niger tricornis, Sloane Jamaica, vol. 2. t. 237. f. 4. 5. The Great Brown Sawyer, Brown’s Jamaica, p. 428. t. 43. f. 6. HABITAT: Jamaica. Male. Head black. Antenne dark brown. Thorax black, smooth, and shining, and armed with three horns ; two of which, being about one-third of an inch in length, are placed on the upper part on each side, lying almost parallel with the body. Beneath these, near the head, rises another from the middle of the thorax, which is a little longer than the two first, bending upwards, and forked at the extremity. Elytra rather rough and furrowed, but shining and black. Tibie armed with spines, especially at the extremity, which facilitate the animal in its passage. Abdomen black; anus with a row of light brown hairs. Female. Differs from the male chiefly in the thorax, which is entirely unarmed. Black and shining, but rather less so than the males; and in the front, Just above the head, isa small impression. All the under parts of the insect which in the males are black, in this sex are of a dark reddish brown. In other circumstances it resembles the male. DYNASTES GIDEON. Plate XXXVI. fig. 5. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAMILY : Dynastide, Mac Leay. Genus. Dynasres, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabzeus, Linn. Drury. DywastEes GipEON. Thoracis cornu incuryo maximo apice bifido, capitis recurvato bifido supra unidentato. (Long. Corp. cum corn. 2 une. 43 lin.) Syn. Scarabeus Gideon, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 541. No.2. Swammerdam Book of Nature, t. 30. f. 2. Fabr. Syst, Eleuth. 1. p. 4. No.3. Olivier Ent. 1.3. p.14.t.11. f. 102. Searabeeus Oromedon, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p.4. No. 4. (Var. preecedentis.) HAnirar: East India. 77 General colour dark brown, almost black. Thorax smooth and shining, as if polished, and termi- nating in a strong thick horn, which inclines forward in a curved position, and is forked at the end. From the head also springs another strong horn, forked at the extremity, which in length corresponds with the first; its outer side being broad and round, but its inner side, or that opposite the other horn, is thin and sharp, having a small swelling in the middle. Elytra smooth and shining, with a narrow margin. Anterior tibize with four teeth; two being at the tip, and two a little above them. The other tibize are furnished with several sharp spines (five or six), chiefly about the tips; which, as noticed in D. Titanus, assist the animal in its passage. Anus not hairy, as in many other species. CYCLOCEPHALA SIGNATA. Plate XXXVI. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Rutelide, Mac Leay. Genus. CYCLOCEPHALA, Latreille. Chalepus, Mac Leay. Scarabeus, Drury. CYCLOCEPHALA SIGNATA. Glabra, pallidé lutea, thorace lineis duabus, elytris maculis tribus, duabus aut nullis. (Long. Corp. 7-8 lin.) Syn. Melolontha Signata. Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. 11.p.169. No. 51. Oliv. Ent. 1, 5. t. 4. f. 33. & 36. Herbst. Col. 111. p. 79.f, 2. 82. , Scarabeus Amazonus? Drury, App. vol.2. Sloane Hist. Jamaica, 11. p. 206.8. t. 237. f.38. (Exclus. Syn. Linn.) Habitat: Antigua, New York, Virginia, St. Christopher's. Entirely dark dirty straw-coloured. Thorax margined, with two oblong black spots on it. Scutellum triangular. Elytra margined, with two small faint brown spots on each. Abdomen and legs hairy, the former extending beyond the ends of the elytra. Anterior tibize spinose; the internal spur being remarkably long. COPROBIUS TRIANGULARIS. Plate XXXVI. fig, 7. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabeeide, Mac Leay. Genus. Coprosius, Latr. Scarabeeus, Linn. Drury. Ateuchus, Fabr. CopRoBIUS TRIANGULARIS. Niger; clypeo bidentato, thoracis margine fulyo obtusé angulato, femoribus posticis brunneis. (Long. Corp. fere 6 lin.) Syn. Scarabeeus Triangularis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 30. No. 122. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 63. No. 42. Oliv. Ent.1.3. p. 166. t. 15. f. 139. HABITAT: Surinam. Head dirty green. Thorax very convex and broad, dark yellow all round the edge, but black in the middle, and of a coppery hue. Elytra black and margined. Abdomen yellow. Anus black. Thighs yellow. ‘Tibiee and tarsi black. Scutellum obsolete. ONTHOPHAGUS SERRATIPES. Plate XXXVI. fig. 8. OrDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabeide, Mac Leay. Genus. ONTHOPHAGUS, Latreille. Copris, Fabricius. Scarabeus, Drury. ONTHOPHAGUS SERRATIPES. Niger, capite lato, abdomine subzneo, elytris striatis luteo marginatis. (Long. Corp. lin. 5.) Syn. Scarabzus Serratipes, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: China. Head and thorax black; the former very broad. Antenne are black. Abdomen dark green, almost black. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra rather longer than the thorax, furrowed and black, slightly mar- gined; just above which, all round their external edges, they are of a dirty clay colour. Anus the same. PRIONUS (ORTHOSOMA) PENSYLVANICUS. Plate XXXVIL. fig. 1. OrvER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. Famity: Prionide, Leach. GENUS. Prionus, Fabr. Cerambyx, Linn. SusGEnus: Orthosoma, Serv. Prionus (ORTHOSOMA) PENSYLYANICUS. Obscurus, thorace marginato tridentato, pectore abdomineque ferrugineis, antennis brevibus. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Pensylvanicus, De Geer Mem. 5. p. 99. t. 13. f. 13. Cerambyx unicolor, Drury. App. vol. 2. Cerambyx brunneus, Forster Cent. Ins. p. 37. Linn. Syst. N. (Gmel.) 1. iv. 1828. Cerambyx cylindroides, Linn. Syst. Nat. (Ed. Gmel.) 1. iv. 1818. Prionus cylindricus, Fabr. Sp. Ins. 1. p. 207.14. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 261. Oliv. Ent. iv. 66. p. 23. ¢. 1. f.6. Latr. Gen. Cr. 111. p. 33. Serv. Ann. Soe. Ent. Franee, 1.156. (Orthosoma c.) HAsBitatT: New York. Head dark chesnut-coloured. Antenne about two-thirds of the length of the insect. Thorax some- what darker, rounded, and margined; having three small spines on each side. Scutellum semi-oval. Elytra light chesnut, margined, and flattish ; being about three times the length of the thorax and head, and broad at their extremities. Abdomen, thighs, and tibize red chesnut, shining as if polished. PRIONUS (DEROBRACHUS) LATICOLLIS. Plate XXXVII. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Prionide, Leach. Genus. Prionus, Fabr. Cerambyx, Linn. SusG@ENus : Derobrachus, Serv. Prionus (DEROBRACHUS) LATICOLLIs. Niger latus, thorace marginato transverso, tridentato, atro nitido ; antennis brevibus. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Laticollis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Prionus brevicornis, Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. 2. p. 260.15. Sch. Syn. Ins. 3. 339. Pal. Bauv. Ins. d’ Afr. et d’Amer. Col. Pl. 34. f. 3. HaAsitat: New York. Head black. Antenne 12-jointed, about half the length of the insect. Thorax black, broad, short, and shining; thick in the middle, but on the sides thin and jagged. Scutellum bell-shaped. Elytra io rough, black, and margined on the sides and suture; extending in one of the sexes beyond the anus. Abdomen and under parts black and shining, Tibi with two short spurs. Tarsi beneath of a dirty clay colour. STENOCORUS (EBURIA) QUADRIMACULATUS. Plate XXXVII. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. SecTIoN: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycide, Leach. Genus. SrEeNnocorus, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. SUBGENUS: Eburia, Serville. STENocorus (EBURIA) 4-MACULATUS. Pallidé luteus, thorace spinoso scabro, elytris bidentatis maculis binis glabris albidis. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.) Syn. Cer, 4-maculatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 626. 27? Fabricius Syst. El. 11. p. 308. 16. Syst. Ent. p. 180.11. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1.p.83. Oliv. Ent. iv. 67. p. 45. 58. t. 21. f. 164. Sloan, Hist. Jamaica, 1. p. 209. 20. § 11. tab. 237.f. 21. Serville Ann. Soc. de Franc. 3. p. 9. (Eburia q.) HABITAT: Jamaica. Head pale clay-coloured. Antenne (being the length of the insect) of a redder colour, and at their bases almost surrounded by the eyes. Thorax of the same colour as the head, very cylindrical ; having a sharp spine on each side, and two short black ones on the top. Seutellum small, and semi-oval. Elytra pale clay-coloured, having on each two spines at the tip of each, the inner one being the smaller ; and having also four oblong yellow spots, two placed at the middle and two at the base. Each of these spots appears to be composed of a large and a small one joined close together; the largest (in the upper spots) being the inner one, and in the lower spots being the outer one. Abdomen and legs of the same colour as the head, &c.; the four posterior femora with two small spines at the tips. CLYTUS LONGIPES. Plate XXXVIL. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY : Cerambycide, Leach. GeNus. Cuiytus, Fabr. Cerambyx, Linneus. Ciytus Lonerpes. Obscuré rufescens; thorace cylindrico, elytris pallidé sericeis, lnnulis quatuor fuscis apiceque dentato. (Long. Corp. fere 1 une.) Syn. Cerambyx longipes, Drury, App. vol. 2. Sch. Syn. Ins. 3. 409. 43, Cerambyx lunulatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. (@mel.) 1. iv. p. 1864. HABITAT: Jamaica. General colour dark red brown. Antenne about half the length of the insect. Thorax cylindrical, and covered with a fine short down or hair; having on each side a small tubercle or swelling, without any spine. Scutellum small, and semi-oval. Elytra party-coloured; the lighter parts (as seen in the plate) being covered with the same kind of short hair as the thorax; with four spines at their extremities, the two inner ones being the smallest. Abdomen with three yellow spots on each side, and another at the anus. The body has likewise a large one on each side, and another near the breast, Joining to the middle legs. Four hind legs long. Femora rough, with two short spines at the tips. Tibi with two spurs. STENOCORUS (CHLORIDA) FESTIVUS. Plate XXXVII. fig. 5. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycide, Leach. GENus. STENocorus, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. SuBeEnus. Chlorida, Serv. STENOCORUS (CHLORIDA) Festivus. Thorace utrinque bidentato, elytris bidentatis viridibus linea laterali lutea. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.) Syn. Cerambyx Festivus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 623.11. Fabricius Syst. Ent. p. 179. 4. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 305.3. Herbst. Arch. p. 92. t. 25. f.12. Serville Ann. Soc. Ent. de Franc. 3. 32. (Chlorida f.) Cerambyx Suleatus, Oliv. Ent. iv. p. 67. p. 28. 32. t. 16.f. 113. Cerambyx Spinipes, De Geer Ins. v. t. 13. f. 14. HABITAT: Jamaica. Head clay-coloured. Antenne about two-thirds the length of the insect, very dark brown; first articulation clay-coloured. Thorax also clay-coloured; having two spines on each side of it, one larger than the other Scutellum small, and nearly triangular. Elytra margined at the sides and suture, each with two spines at the extremities, the inner ones being the smallest; green, and deeply furrowed or grooved, having a yellow line running along their lateral margins. Legs, abdomen, and all the under side clay-coloured. Tibiz armed with two spines at the tips. STENOCORUS (CERASPHORUS) BALTEATUS. Plate XXXVII. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Longicornes. FamiLy : Cerambycide, Leach. Genus. SrEeNocorus, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. SuBGENus. Cerasphorus, Serv. SrENocorUS (CERASPHORUS) BALTEATUS. Thorace cylindrico 1-spinoso; elytris-bidentatis griseis macula oblonga obliqua. (Long. Corp. fere | une.) Syn. Cerambyx balteatus, De Geer Ins. v. p. 111. t. 14. f. 3. Stenochorus garganicus, Fabricius Syst. Ent. p. 178.3. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 305.2. Oliv. Ent. iv. 67. t.15.f.105. Pal. Bauv. Ins. d’ Afr. et d Amer. Col. pl. 37. f. 3. Cerambyx cinctus, Drury, App. vol. 2. HasitTat: Virginia, New York, Maryland, Antigua. General colour greyish hazle. Antenne longer than the insect. Thorax cylindrical, with a single short spine on each side. Scutellum triangular, and of a yellowish colour. Elytra margined; having an oblong spot, of a faint yellowish colour, running transversely cross each, near the thorax, with two small spines of equal size at the tip of each. It is covered all over with short hair, or down. PRIONUS (STENODONTES) DAMICORNIS. Plate XXXVIII. fig. 1. OrDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Prionide, Leach. Genus. Prionus, Geoffroy. Cerambyx p. Linn. SuBGENUS. Stenodontes, Serv. PRIONUS (STENODONTES) DAMICORNIS. Thorace marginato denticulato, mandibulis porrectis bidentatis, elytris brunneis. (Long. Corp. mandib. inclus. 3 unc. 7} lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Damicornis, Linn. Mant. 1. p. 532. Fabricius Syst. Ent. p. 162.10. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 262. 23. (Prionus d.) De Geer Ins. v. p. 97.2. Lueanus fuscus maximus, Browne Nat. Hist. Jamaica, p. 429. t. 44. f. 8. Sloane Jamaica, vol. 2. tab. 37. fig. 6. Hapitar: Jamaica (Drury). America (Fabricius). 81 Head dark brown, almost black, broad, large and rough on the top; mandibles triangular and sharp pointed, bending or inclining towards each other ; somewhat longer than the head, and a little hairy within; having a tooth or spine on the inner edge, near the point, and another near the base. Thorax of the same colour as the head; very rough and uneven at top, being margined on the anterior and posterior edges ; the sides being thin and serrated. Antenne, rather shorter than the insect, and placed before the eyes. Scutellum triangular. Elytra brown and margined, not reaching to the anus. Abdomen and legs dark red brown. ‘The tibiae with three small spurs. The larva of this beetle is a great fleshy grub, which lives in the stumps of tree. It is eaten by many persons, by whom it is considered a great dainty. The perfect insect is called by the natives the macokko beetle. The following observations, published by Mr. Drury in the introduction to his third volume, will be read with interest from the spirit of practical utility in which they are written. “The larve or caterpillars, not only of this but of all the beetles that feed on decayed wood, seem to be rich and delicate eating, particularly those of the Curculio palmarum (vid. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 606. 1.), and in general all those of the Cerambyces. So that every forest in the torrid zone affords a man plenty of very wholesome and hearty nourish- ment, who has an instrument strong enough to cut in pieces the decayed trees. This knowledge might have saved the lives perhaps of many seamen who have been shipwrecked on desert equinoctial shores, which are generally covered with thick woods. Mr. Smeath- man has met with many maritime people, who, by living on a scanty allowance of unripe fruits, crude roots, coarse seeds, nuts, and other trash, after a shipwreck, or in other cases of distress so frequent with people in the African trade, have made themselves exceeding sick, and much increased their hardships, which by means of these caterpillars only, might have been greatly alleviated. The very best kind of vegetable food is but poor nourishment for the labouring Europeans, if not accompanied with animal flesh, or at least with animal or vegetable oils ; and such foods as seamen in distress meet with, as above mentioned, have oftentimes very acrimonious qualities, and are dangerous even in small quantities to those who eat them at intervals, either out of mere curiosity or to gratify their appetites ; while these kinds of insect foods, abounding with a very rich and delicious oil, are conse- quently the most wholesome and nutritious which men in the situation above described could possibly procure, requiring no other preparation than roasting in any manner. (See Philosophical Transactions.) To this kind of food may be added that of the termites and locusts in general among the insect tribes, which are not only wholesome to all, but palatable to many. At any rate they are sufficient to support life; and the knowledge of such a resource universally extended, might in many instances be the means of saying the lives of adventurers to distant climes. Besides these means of subsistence, if the botanists could point out a plain and obvious method for men in general to distinguish the noxious roots and herbs from those which are edible, men thrown on any thing but mere rocks and sand- banks would readily find subsistence, the kind hand of nature being extended all over the I M 82 surface of our globe to every one who will accept the friendly invitation, and use the means she has with such a motherly tenderness offered for our benefit and support. « Mr. Smeathman has assured me, that in clearing the ground in Africa he has found great quantities of roots of the yam and potatoe kind (Convolvulus Batatas), that grew spontaneously, and which the slaves from distant interior regions knew exceedingly well, and sought for with great avidity. He lived near two years in Africa before he found that the most excellent greens for boiling grew wild in every open glade of the island, and even close to his very door. I mention these things because they are all within the power of men in the most naked, unarmed, and unprepared situation, and require neither fire-arms or other powerful apparatus to obtain them ; and shew that in these cases, as well as many others, the study of natural history is of no small importance to mankind, since it may not only promote trade, arts, and sciences, but be conducive to the immediate happiness and safety of men’s lives.” My PRIONUS (MALLODON) MELANOPUS. Plate XXXVIIL. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTIoN: Longicornes. FAMILY: Prionide, Leach. Genus. Prrionus, Geoffroy. Cerambyx p. Linn. SuBGENuS. Mallodon, Serv. Prronus (MALLODON) MELANoPUS. Thorace marginato denticulato, mandibulis porrectis multidentatis, elytris ad apicem mucronatis. (Long. Corp. mandib. inclus. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syx. Cerambyx Melanopus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 623.8. Fabricius Sp. Ins. 1. p. 208.20. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 264. 34. Oliv. Ent. iv. 66. p. 18. t. 12. f. 46. Merian Ins. Surinam. t, 24. f. 1. Cerambyx crenulatus, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica (Drury). “In America Meridionali” (Fabr.). Head short and black. Mandibles short. Antennz dark brown, almost black; shorter than the insect. The thorax broad, rough and black, margined on the posterior and anterior edges; having many small sharp spines on its sides, the two last of which are larger than the rest, and having two tubercles on the upper side. Elytra dark brown, almost black, margined on the sides and suture, with a small spine on each, at the extremities, and extending a little beyond the anus. Abdomen smooth and shining, and of a dark brown colour, nearly black. Sides of the breast hairy. Legs dark brown, almost black, smooth and shining, with three small tibial spurs. PRIONUS (MALLODON) MAXILLOSUS. Plate XXXVIII. fig. 3. OrpDER: Coleoptera. SEcTrIon: Longicornes. FAmILy: Prionidwe, Leach. Genus. Prionus, Geoffroy. Cerambyx p. Linn. SuBGENUs. Mallodon, Serv. PrRIoNUS (MALLODON) MAXILLosus. Thorace marginato crenato, mandibulis porrectis intus hirsutis quadri- dentatis, elytris ad apicem mucronatis. (Long. Corp. fere 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Maxillosus, Drury, App. vol, 2. Fabricius Syst. Ent. p. 163.151. Syst. Hleuth. 11. p. 264. 31. Prionus m.) Oliv. Ent. iv. 66. p. 16. t. 1. f. 3. Hasrrat: Barbuda, near Antigua, “where it was found dead at the foot of a tree.” (Drury). America (Fabr.). 83 Head black, broad, and very rough above, with two strong, thick, black triangular mandibles, nearly as long as the thorax; having the inner margin very hairy, and armed with teeth; sharp pointed at the tips, with their points bending towards each other. Antenne about half the length of the insect; close underneath which on each side is a strong spine. Thorax black, as broad as the elytra; very rough on the sides, but shining in the middle, the surface being very uneven; the anterior angle projecting beyond the edge. Scutellum semi-oval. Elytra dark red brown, shining, and margined deeply on the edges, but faintly along the suture; having a very short and small spine at the extremities, and extending a little beyond the anus. Abdomen red brown, smooth and shining. Legs red brown, and smooth, being furnished with three very small tibial spurs. CERAMBYX (HAMATICHERUS) HEROS. Plate XXXIX. fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycide, Leach. GENus. CERAMBYX, Linn. SuBaenus. Hamaticherus, Zeigl. Cerambyx, Serv. CERAMBYX (HAMATICHERUs) HEROS. Thorace spinoso rugoso, niger, elytris subspinosis piceis, antennis longis. (Long. Corp. 2 unc.) Syn. Cerambyx Heros, Fabr. Mant. 1. p. 132. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 270. 21. Oliv. Ent. iv. 67. p. 12. t. f. 1. Panzer F. I. G. 82. pl. 1. Cerambyx cerdo (var. major), Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 629.39. Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: Italy, Smyrna, Scandaroon, Sicily, Gibraltar (Drury). Central and Southern Europe. Head dirty black. Antenne black, much longer than the body. Thorax very rough, round, black and shining, having a spine on each side; the fore-part, next the head, appearing as if surrounded by a groove. Scutellum small and triangular. Elytra black and margined, dark brown at the extremities, and narrow, covering the anus; having a small spine on each, and being very rough, and shagreened. Abdomen and legs black. Tibize clothed with short brown hair, and terminated by two spines; under side of the tarsi cushioned. TRACHYDERES SUCCINCTUS. Plate XXXIX. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera, SEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycide, Leach. GENus. TRACHYDERES, Dalm. (in Sch. Syn. 111. p. 364.) Cerambyx p. Linn. TRACHYDERES Succinctus. Thorace bispinoso rugoso, elytris fascia flava, antennis longioribus compressis. (Long. Corp. 1 une.) Syn. Cerambyx succinctus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 627.32. Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 168. 16, Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 274. 20. Oliv. Ent. iv. 67. p. 20.t.7.f. 43.a.b. De Geer Ins. v.t. 14. f. 6. Cerambyx Zonarius, Voet. Col. Ed. Panz. 111. p. 20. t. 7. f. 17. Quici, Macgr. Brazil, Lib. vii. p. 25. 4. Jonston Hist. Nat. Ins. t. 14. Hasitat: Surinam (Drury). “ In America meridionali” (Fabr.). Head dark brown, or dirty black, and very rough. Antenne longer than the insect, with the two basal joints blueish black; the rest red brown, the extremity of each joint being blueish black. Thorax dark brown, shining, and very rough, with large swelling in the middle; having two short thick tubercles M2 84 on each side. Scutellum large and long. Elytra dark brown, margined and shining, rather broad at their extremities, and spineless; having a narrow transverse yellow bar in the middle. Abdomen dark brown. Femora dark brown at the base, black at the tips. Tibiz and tarsi red brown; the latter cushioned beneath with yellow pile. LAMIA CAPENSIS. Plate XXXIX. fig. 3. OrpveER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILy : Lamiide. Genus. Lamia, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. Drury. Lamia CAPENsIs. Thorace bispinoso; nigra, elytris fasciis quatuor rufis, antennis mediocribus. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 43 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Capensis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 628. 36. Fabricius Syst. Ent. p.173. 14. Syst. Eleuth. 11.296. 78. Oliv. Ent. iv. 67. p. 121. t. 8. f. 51. a. b. Hasitat: Cape of Good Hope. Head black; face vertical. Antennz black, and about the length of the insect. Thorax black and rugged, with two obtuse spines on each side. Scutellum small, black and triangular. Elytra black, rounded and margined at the sides and suture, extending beyond the anus; being rough next the thorax, with a multitude of small round pustules. Each elytron has four red bars crossing it, placed at equal distances, and inclining toward each other; the two first, next the thorax, almost joining at the suture ; the two last separated by a small space. In some specimens there are five of these bars. Abdomen and breast black; the latter having between the middle and hinder feet, two oblong red spots. Legs black. Tarsi cushioned beneath and lighter coloured. CERAMBYX (CALLICHROMA) AFER. Plate XXXIX. fig. 4. OrvDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycide, Leach. GeNus. CERAMBYX, Linn, SuBGENUs. Callichroma, Latr. CERAMBYX (CALLICHROMA) AFER. Thorace rotundato spinoso, corpore viridi, sutura elytrorum aurea, antennis pedibusque rufis. (Long. Corp. 103 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx afer, Linn, Mant. p. 532. Fabr. Syst. Ent.166. 9. Ent. Syst. 1.11. p. 252.4, Syst. Hleuth. 11. p. 268.7. (C. ater, lapsu calami.) Sch. Syn. 111. App. p. 150. HasitaT: Sierra Leone and Calabar. Head golden green. Mouth and palpi dirty orange. Eyes black. Antenne longer than the insect, orange brown. ‘Thorax round, golden green, with many small lines or waves crossing it; and having on each side an obtuse spine. Scutellum small and triangular, golden green. Elytra margined, extending beyond the anus; and, next the thorax, of a golden green, but becoming less brilliant towards their extremities, where they are spineless, having a yellow narrow line running on each side the suture. Breast and abdomen golden green. Legs dark orange. CERAMBYX (CALLICHROMA) VIRENS. Plate XL. fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycide, Leach. Genus. CERAMBYX, Linn. SuBGENUS. Cailichroma, Latr. Serv. CERAMBYX (CALLICHROMA) VIRENS. Thorace rotundato spinoso, corpore viridi, femoribus rufis, antennis pedibusque nigris. (Long Corp. fere 2 unc.) Syn. Linn. Syst. Nat.1. 2. p. 627. 33. Fabr, Syst. Ent. p. 166.8. Syst. Eleuth. 2. p. 267. 3. Oliv. Ins. 4. 67.t. 11. 7.78. ¢t. 18. f. 188? Browne Nat. Hist. Jamaica, p. 430. t. 43. f.8. Sloane Hist. Jamaica, 1. 1. p. 208. t. 237. f. 39. 40. HABITAT: Jamaica. Head green and shining. Palpi orange brown. Eyes black. Antenne black, and twice the length of the body; the last joint very long. Thorax green and round, the upper part transversely rugose, and armed on each side with a spine, before which is a small tubercle. Elytra green, and margined:; taper- ing gradually towards their extremities, where they are narrow and pointed; being covered with an infinite number of very small pustules. Abdomen and breast covered with small short hairs, and appearing of a grayish green colour. Thighs dark red, black at the tips. Tibize black, and compressed. Tarsi black beneath, cushioned, and orange-coloured. PRIONUS (ORTHOMEGAS) CINNAMOMEUS. Plate XL. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Prionidze, Leach. GENUs. Prrionus, Geoffr. Cerambyx, Linn. Sus@ENnus. Orthomegas, Serville. PRIONUS (ORTHOMEGAS) CINNAMOMEUS. Thorace marginato denticulato, corpore ferrugineo, elytris ad apicem denticulatis. (Long. Corp. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Cinnamomeus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1, 2. p. 623. 10. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 2. p. 264. 33. Syst. Ent. p- 163, 16. Merian Ins. Surinam, tab. 24. Prionus corticinus, Oliv. Ent. 4. 66. p. 21. t. 9. f. 34. HABITAT: (——? Drury). Surinam (Merian). General colour like that of cinnamon. Head covered with hair in front. Eyes black, extending almost round the head, being only separated both above and beneath by a narrow space. Antenne shorter than the body ; flattened towards the tips. Thorax thin on the sides, and margined; having two spines, the posterior largest; and on the top are two round tubercles, covered with very short fine hairs or down. Scutellum small and rounded. Elytra margined deeply on the sides, but more faintly at the suture, extending beyond the anus; having a small spine at their extremities, where they are nearly as broad as at the thorax; clothed with exceeding short fine hairs, as are likewise the abdomen and breast. Tibiz with two spurs. LAMIA VERRUCOSA. Plate XL. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiide. Genus. Lamia, Fabr. Cerambyx, Linn. Lamra VERRUCOSA. Fusea; thorace griseo lateribus angulatis, disco verrucoso ; elytris basi rudé punctatis apice levibus. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 43 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx verrucosus, Drury, App. vol. 2. (nec Oliv. Ent. 4. t. 20. f. 148.) Lamia verrucata, Schon. Syn. Ins. 3. p. 396. 189. HaAsitat: Barbadoes. Head black, inclining downwards. Antenne greyish or dirty black, as long as the body. Thorax dirty grey; and, next the elytra, encircled with a hairy collar, of a red brown colour; very rough above, with short hairs on it; having a strong thick spine on each side, and underneath covered with short red brown hairs. Scutellum small, triangular, hairy, and red brown. Elytra margined at the sides and suture, not covering the anus; rough on the top and sides next the thorax, with deep punctures; but at the tips smooth and shining. Abdomen, breast, femora, and tibize covered with short red brown hairs; the latter with a single spur. Tarsi cushioned, and dirty yellowish coloured beneath. SAPERDA TRILINEATA. Plate XLI. fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiide. GENUS. SAPERDA, Fabr. Cerambyx, Linn. SAPERDA TRILINEATA. Grisea seu luteo-rufa, vittis tribus longitudinalibus dentatis albis, antennis longis. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.) Syn. Cerambyx trilineatus, Linn. Mant. p. 532. Fabr. Sp. Ins. 1. 226. Syst. Ent. 179. 6. (Stenochorus t.) Saperda vittata, Fabr. Mant.p.231. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 322.30. HABITAT: Jamaica. Head dark brown, the top being tawny yellow, the sides striped with white. Antenne greyish brown, much longer than the insect. Thorax very cylindrical, without spines, yellowish brown, having a white stripe on each side, and another on the top. Scutellum very small, semicircular, white, with a black spot in the middle. Elytra margined from the middle to their extremities, where each terminates in a spine, having a white line running on each side from the thorax to their extremities, internally serrated; another white line (also internally indented) runs along the suture, being parallel with those on the thorax and head. Abdomen greyish, with some tawny yellow hairs on each ring. Breast tawny yellow. Legs greyish brown, (the fore ones in one of the sexes being elongated) without any spines at any of the joints. CLYTLUS PICTUS. Plate XLI. fig. 2. OrvER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. FamiLy : Cerambycide, Leach. Genus. Cuiytus, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. Leptura p. Drury. Ciytus Pictus. Thorace rotundato flayo-fasciato, elytris fasciis septem flavis; anticis antrorsum, posticis retrorsum areuatis. (Long. Corp. fere 9 lin.) Syn. Leptura picta, Drury, Append. vol. 2. Clytus flexuosus, Fabr. Syst. El, 2. 345. 1. Syst. Ent. 191. 22. (Callidium f.) Oliv. Ent. 4. 70. 34. ¢. 6. f. 76. Leptura Robiniz, Forster Cent. Ins. p. 43. Hasitat: New York; where they are found upon the Locust tree (Drury). Head black, surrounded by a yellow line; front yellow, with a black spot between the anteme. Antenne red brown, Thorax black, cylindrical, and smooth, without spines or risings ; being encircled with four yellow rings. Scutellum yellow and oval. Elytra black, with six irregular angulated streaks crossing them at equal distances ; and another regular and even yellow line crossing them at the joming of the thorax. Abdomen yellow, with dark brown rings. Breast greyish yellow. Legs light red brown, with a small tibial spur. STENOCORUS (ELAPHIDION) IRRORATUS. Plate XLI. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcT1oN: Longicornes. FAMILY : Cerambycide, Leach. Genus. STENOcORUS, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. SuBGENus. Elaphidion, Serv. STENOCORUS (ELAPHIDION) IRRORATUS. Thorace mutico inequali, elytris apice bidentatis, albo irroratis, antennis longis aculeatis. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syx. Ceramb. irroratus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 2. p. 633. 62. Oliv. Ent. 4. 67. t. 21. f. 163. Fabricius Syst. Ent. p. 180.9. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 307.9. Serville Ann. Soe. Ent. de Franc. 1835. p. 67. (Elaphidion i.) HABITAT: Jamaica; residing in the mahogany trees (Drury). Head very dark brown, almost black; front dappled with cream colour. Antenne dark brown, and about the length of the insect ; having spines at each joint, except that next the head. Thorax spineless, brownish black, with white patches on its sides; and, when viewed through a microscope, punctured. Scutellum very small, and nearly triangular. Elytra brownish black, margined at the sides and suture, with whitish patches thereon, punctured; having two spines at the extremity of each. Abdomen and breast black, and covered with short grey hairs like pile. Legs reddish brown, with a small spine at the tip of each of the femora (except the fore ones), and another at the tips of the tibie. STENOCORUS (ELAPHIDION) SPINICORNIS. Plate XLI. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Longicornes. FAMILY: Cerambycide, Leach. Genus. SteNnocorvs, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. SusGEnvs. Elaphidion, Serv. STENOCORNUS (ELAPHIDION) SPINICORNIS. Thorace inermi tuberculato; elytris bidentatis, antennarum articulis bispinosis, corpore luteo-griseo, fusco variegato. (Long. Corp. cire, 10 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Spinicornis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Ent. p.179.7. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 306.5. Oliv. Ent. 4. 67. t. 17. f. 130. Serville loc. cit. sup. (Elaphidion s.) Cerambyx insularis, Linn. (Gimel.) 1. 4. p. 1859. HABITAT: Jamaica. 88 Head clay-coloured. Antenne red brown, about as long as the insect, each joint having two spines, except that next the head. Thorax clay-coloured and cylindrical, without spines; having a small red brown streak extending along the middle and down the head. Scutellum triangular. Elytra clay- coloured, with many small red brown streaks crossing them; margined on the sides and suture, each having two spines at its extremity. Abdomen and breast greyish clay-coloured, with a small red brown spot on each side of each of the segments. Legs red brown, having a strong spine at the tip of each of the femora, except the fore ones, and another at the tips of each of the tibiz. SAPERDA CARCHARIAS. Plate XLI. fig. 5. OrvDER: Coleoptera. Section: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiide. Genus. SAPERDA, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. SAPERDA CARCHARIAS. Griseo-pubescens, nigro-punctata, antennis mediocribus griseo nigroque annulatis. (Long. Corp. 5.-8 lin.) Syn. Ceramb. Carcharias, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.2. 631.52. Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. 2.317.1. Oliv. Ent. 4. 68. t.2. f. 22. Panzer F. I. G. 69.1. Stephens Ill. Brit. Ent. Mand. vol. 4, 238. Hasitat: Germany (Drury). ‘ In Europe Sylvis” (Fabr.). Head dark clay-coloured. Antenne clay-coloured, with black rings, and about the length of the insect. Thorax cylindrical and clay-coloured, without any spines or risings on it. Scutellum nearly square. Elytra dark clay-coloured, and margined along the sides; when viewed through a microscope they appear to be covered with a great number of small black pustules. Abdomen and breast clay-coloured ; as are the legs, on each of which is a small spine at the tip of the tibia. This fine insect has, within a few years, been found in considerable abundance in the fenny districts of Cambridge and Huntingdonshire, upon low sallows. STENOCORUS ATOMARIUS. Plate XLI. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. SrcTIoN: Longicornes. FAMILy: Cerambycide, Leach. GeENus. SrENocorus, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. STENocoruS ATOMARIUS. Nigricans, sericie lutea indutus; thorace cylindrico nec tuberculato nec spinoso ; elytris fusco cinereoque variegatis. (Long. Corp. 8 lin.) YN. Cerambyx atomarius, Drury, App. vol.2. (nee De Geer, 5. p. 65. 4. nee Fabr. Syst. El. 2. 287. nec Oliv. 4. 67. t. 9. 59. d.) Stenochorus marylandicus? Fabr. Syst. Ent. 179.5. Syst. Bleuth. 2. 306.4. Oliv. Ent. 4.70. t. 1... 5. Mm Hapitat: New York. Head brownish black, covered with short yellowish grey pile. Thorax dirty black, covered with yellow grey pile; cylindrical, and without any spines or risings. Antenne: dusky brown; having a spine on each joint, except that next the head, and about the length of the insect. Scutellum very small. Elytra black, mottled with yellow grey; being margined at the sides and suture, and not reaching or covering the anus, each having two spines at the extremity. Abdomen and breast greyish brown, as are the legs, each of which is furnished with a spine at the tip of the tibie. SCUTELLERA DRURJI. Plate XLII. fig. 1. 5. OrpeER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Scutati, Burmeister. Genus. ScuTELLERA, Latreille, Burmeister, Tetyra, Fabr. Cimex. Linn. ScUTELLERA DruR#I. Supra rufa, capite, pronoti maculis duabus, scutelli fasciis duabus irregularibus maculisque duabus subapicalibus nigris. (Long. Corp. 7} lin.) Syn. Cimex Drurei, Linn. Mant. 534. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 4. 83. 18. Syst. Rhyng. 132. 17. (Tetyra D.) Sulzer Hist. Ins. t. 10. f. 5. Hasitat: China (Drury). America (Fabricius, incorrectly ). Head black and small. Antenne rather longer than the thorax, black, 5-jointed, the two basal joints being shortest. Thorax convex, and slightly margined at the sides; of a fine scarlet colour, with two black spots thereon; somewhat oval, but the outline forming with the head an obtuse angle, the points on the sides being cut off. Wings defended by a thick scaly scutellum, which is very convex and smooth, without any suture, entirely covering the abdomen and extending to the anus, of a scarlet colour, with two broad, black, indented and irregular bars crossing it; one next the thorax which is broadest, and on which are two small scarlet spots; the other placed just below the middle, and seeming to be com- posed of four spots united together ; beneath this are two small black spots, nearly round, situated near the anus. Fig. a. represents one of the hemelytra, which when at rest are concealed beneath the scutellum, having the basal portion or corium strong, thick, and opake; and the terminal portion beyond the transverse rib membranaceous. The wing at 6. is very thin and membranaceous; being more transparent than the hemelytra. Abdomen scarlet, with an oblong black spot at the anus, and four others on each side joining to the edge. The breast appears in a strong light of a deep mazarine blue, almost black. Legs, the same. The proboscis is also blue, lying close to the breast, and extending to the beginning of the abdomen. GALERITA AMERICANA. Plate XLII. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTrion: Adephaga. FAMILY: Carabide. SvuBFAMILY: Brachinides. GeNus. GALERITA, Fabricius. Carabus p. Linn. §e. GALERITA AMERICANA. Nigra, thorace antennis pedibusque ferrugineis, elytris cyaneis. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syn. Carabus Americanus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 671. No.19. De Geer Ins. iy. t.17. f.21. Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. 1, 214. 1. (Galerita a.) Olivier Ent. 111. 35. n. 77. t. 6. f. 72. Carabus Janus, Fabr. Ent. Syst.1. p. 136. No.1, Carabus bicolor, Drury, App. vol. 2. De Jean Spec. General, 1. p. 187. 1. Habitat: Virginia (Drury). North America. Head very long, black, with a red brown spot on the middle. Antenne dark brown, the basal joint being longest, thickest, and lightest coloured; the others are nearly of equal length; the whole being a little longer than the elytra. Neck distinct and black. Thorax light red brown, and almost oval, about the length of the head, and a little broader; it is also a little margined, and next the body truncate. Scutellum mimute, black, and triangular. Elytra black, margined and furrowed, oval next the thorax, but more square at their extremities, and not covering the anus. Abdomen black. Breast light red brown ; as are all the legs. The basal joint of the posterior tarsi is very long. I N BRENTHUS MINUTUS. Plate XLII. fig. 3. natural size, and 7. magnified. ORDER: Coleoptera. SrcTIoN: Rhyncophora. FAMILy: Cureulionide. SuBFAMILY : Brenthides, Schonh. Genus. Brentuus, Jiliger. Brentus, Faby. Curculio p. Linn. BRENTHUS Minutus. Niger, elytris striatis nigro-brunneis. (Long. Corp. fere 6 lin.) Syn. Cureulio minutus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Herbst. Col. 7. 200. t. 108. f. 9. B. (Brentus m.) Schonh. Sys. Ins. Curcul. 1. 368. 6. HABITAT: Virginia. Head black, with a long, horny, slender beak. Antenne placed near the head, near the base of the beak, black, and about the length of the thorax, the first and last joimts being the longest. Thorax black, smooth, and shining; being almost the length of the body, and nearly round, but thickest towards the middle. Scutellum indistinct. Elytra dark brown, with some patches on them of a lighter colour; margined on the sides and suture, and with rows of small punctures thereon. Abdomen dark brown, smooth and shining. ‘The fore legs are longer than the rest, and at the tips of the tibia are furnished with a spine. All the thighs are very thick in the middle. CASNONIA LONGICOLLIS. Plate XLII. fig. 4. natural size, and 6, magnified. OrpeER: Coleoptera. Srcrron: Adephaga-Geodephaga. FAMiILy: Carabide. SuBFAMILY : Brachinides. Genus. CasnontA, Latrielle. Attelabus p. Linn. Drury. CasnonrA Lonercouiis. Nigra, elytris punctato striatis, singulo tuberculo parvo subapicali luteo ; thorace fere longitudine elytrorum, pedibus luteo nigroque variis. (Long. Corp. 43 lin.) Syn. Attelabus longicollis, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Virginia. Head black, long and broad over the eyes, but narrow next the thorax. Antenne: dark brown, about the length of the head and thorax. Thorax nearly the length of the wing-cases, black, slender and shining, rising a little circularly from the body. Scutellum wanting. The elytra are margined and shining, not covering the anus, with rows of very small punctures on them, and near their extremities have a small papilla or swelling of a yellow colour. Abdomen black. Legs partly yellow, and partly black. XYLOCOPA VIRGINICA. Plate XLIII. fig. 1. OrDER: Hymenoptera. SEcTION: Mellifera. Famity: Apide, Leach. Genus. Xyuocopa, Fabr. Apis, Linn. Drury. XyLocopa Virernica. Hirsuta pallida; abdomine, excepto primo segmento, atro. (Magn. Bomb. terrestr. ) Syn. Apis Virginica, Linn. Mant. p.540. Fabr. Syst. Piez. 346. 14. (Bombus v.) Ent. Syst. 2. 318. 15 Hasitat: Virginia. Head, between the eyes, black, with a cream-coloured spot in front, just above the mouth. Antenne black, and shorter than the thorax, which is covered at top with hairs of a pale yellowish colour. All the four wings are membranaceous and transparent. Abdomen composed of six rings, 91 entirely black, except the first, which is pale yellow above, but black underneath. The breast and legs are black and hairy, the hairs on the fore legs being rather dark brown. The under parts of all the tarsi are light brown. TESSERATOMA PAPILLOSA. Plate XLIII. fig. 2. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBoRDER: Heteroptera. Section: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Scutati, Burmeister. (Longilabres, Latr.) Genus. TEssERATOMA, St. Farg. § Serv. in Enc. Meth. Latr. Lap. Burm. TESSERATOMA PAPILLOSA. Lutea, thoracis lateribus subrotundatis, antemnis fuscis basi subferrugineis, abdomine supra purpureo-ferruginoso subtus luteo. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.) m la A Cimex Papillosus, Drury, App. vol. 2. (nee Fabr. Burmeist. Saint Farg. § Serv. Sc.) Tesseratoma Sonneratii. St. Farg. § Serv. Enc. Méth. 10. 590. Guérin Icon. R. An. Ins. pl. 55. f. 4. Cimex Chinensis, Thunb. Nov. Ins. 45, t. 11. f. 59. Laporte Class. Hemipt. p. 60. Cimex papillosus? Donovan Ins. India, pl. 13. fig. 2. Hapirat: China (Drury). e Head small, yellowish olive-coloured. Antenne black. Thorax yellow olive, lying high above the level of the head, and projecting at the ligature of the wings. Scutellum triangular, terminating in a point near the middle of the abdomen; the basal part lying underneath the thorax. Hemelytra crossing each other when at rest; with the basal portion opake, and yellow olive-coloured; the apical membrane being almost transparent. Wings entirely membranaceous, and yellow brown. Abdomen above, dark red, but underneath clay-coloured ; furnished with a sharp tooth at each of its segments. Anus terminating in two angular points, with a small spine on each side. Breast pale clay colour ; having a black spot directly under the fore legs, and another on each side the middle ones. Legs brown yellow colour. Proboscis brown. This very common Chinese insect has been confounded by Fabricius, &c. with an African species (‘Tesseratoma confusa Westw.) and by Saint Fargeau and Serville, with another from Java (‘Tesseratoma Javana, Klug. Burm. 2. 350. figured by Stoll. t. 1. fig. 2.) As, however, Drury’s specific name, as applied to the Chinese species, has the priority in point of date, I have here reverted to it, and would apply a new specific name to the species from Sierra Leone. ‘The Fabrician species belongs to a different section of the genus having the terminal joint of the antenne elongated. The only specimens which I have seen of it are those contained in the Banksian Collection in the possession of the Linnean Society of London. Wolff figures the Chinese species. I have little doubt that Donovan’s figure is intended to represent the true papillosus, although it is given as an inhabitant of India. LEPTOSCELIS BALTEATUS. Plate XLIII. fig. 3. OrpER: Hemiptera. SusorDER: Heteroptera. SEcTION: Geocorisa, Latr. FAMILY: Coreide, Leach. (Anisoscelites, Laporte.) Genus. LxeproscEeLis, Laporte. 2 HApitart: Sierra Leone (Fabr.). Gold Coast (Drury). Upper Side. Antenne ringed with white and black. Anterior wings greyish brown, without mark- ings. Posterior wings of the same greyish brown. Cilia white. A little above the abdominal corners are four white spots, placed close together; the two inner ones being smallest. Each of these wings is furnished with three tails, the upper parts of which are black, the other parts white; the middle one being almost as long as the wing, the other two are about half that length. Under Side. Palpi, head, and breast white. Legs white and brown. Wings fine silvery white A small, narrow, orange-coloured line begins at the middle of the anterior edge of the fore wings: which, crossing them and the hind ones, runs almost to the abdominal commer, where it suddenly turns back and ends at the abdominal groove. Near this part are two small black spots, one placed between the two outer tails, and the other on the abdominal edge. Fabricius gives the sexes of this insect as distinct species, under the names cited above, stating India to be the habitat of Hesiodus (or the male). Paliset de Bauvois has, how- ever, satisfactorily cleared up the error, by figuring both sexes from Africa. The male has the disc of the wings, on the upper side, of a rich blue colour. EREBUS HIEROGLYPHICUS. Plate II. fig. 1. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Noctuidae, Steph. Genus. EreEBus, Latr. Thysania, Dalm. Noctua, Fabr. Erebus HIEROGLYPHICUS. Alis dentatis atris; anticis fascia abbreviata albida maculaque subocellari, posti- carum margine bisinuato. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 7 lin.) Syn. Phalana (Noctua) hieroglyphiea, Drury, App. vol. 2. Donovan Ins. India, pl. 54. fig. 3. Oliv. Ene. Méth. 8. 253. 11. Noctua hieroglyphica, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 2. p.11. Wo. 10. Phalena Magdonia, Cram. Ins. 2. t. 174. f. F. HABITAT: Madras. Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Tongue spiral. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Wings beautiful mellow dark brown, or deep chocolate, appearing like velvet. Anterior wings with two long, square, yellow spots on each, joined together at their corners, placed near the tips, and joming to the anterior edges of each wing; and also a rather large central eye, almost joining to the anterior edge; iris black and narrow, the pupil large, andthe same colour with the wing. Posterior wings immaculate. Under Side. Palpi filiform at their extremities, and standing erect over the head. Breast, sides, and abdomen dark brown. Wings dark brown, rather lighter than on the upper side. Anterior with three yellow spots on each. Posterior wings immaculate. All the wings dentated; the scollops of the anterior wings being small, and those of the posterior very large. DEJOPEIA? PUELLA. Plate II. fig. 2. OrpeER : Lepidoptera. Suction: Nocturna. FAMILY: Lithosiide, Steph. Genus. DeEropPera? Steph. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. DEIOPEIA? PUELLA. Alis anticis albis, macula parva discoidali nigra, fasciisque 4 transversis rubris, posticis abdomineque carneis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Puella, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Madras. Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Head white. Tongue spiral. Neck red. Thorax red and white. Abdomen grey. Anterior wings white, having a small black central spot in the middle of each, with four narrow red lines crossing them. Posterior wings yellowish flesh-coloured, immaculate. Under Side. Breast, sides, and abdomen light grey. Anterior wings having the anterior edges tinged with red at the base, the four narrow red lines being faintly seen on this side. Posterior wings coloured as on the upper side. NOCTUA MYRTALA. Plate II. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section : Nocturna. FamiLy: Noctuidae, Steph. GrENus. Noctua, Auct. Noctua Myrrma. Testacea, alis strigis nonnullis undatis fuscis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Myrtwa, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Madras. B2 4 Upper Side. Antenne brown and setaceous. Palpi, head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and wings reddish flesh-coloured; the latter having some very faint waved lines crossing them. Cilia dark brown. i Under Side. Breast, sides, legs, and abdomen coloured as on the upper side. Wings yellowish, with many small narrow streaks. On the external edges of the anterior wings is a dark brown patch, near the tips. Cilia dark brown. I do not know to which of the modern genera of Noctuide this insect belongs. HELEONA PAPILIONARIS. Plate II. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIon: Diurna. FAMILY: Arctiidae? Steph. Genus. HELEONA, Swains. (Zool. Illust. N. Ser.116.) Gymnautocera? Guérin. (Mag. d’ Entomol. t. 12.) HELEONA PAPILIONARIS. Alis albido-flayis; margine yenisque dilatatis, ramosis, nigris et versus medium coalitis, maculas albas efformantibus. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Papilionaris, Drury, App. vol.2. Cramer, t. 29. fig. A- Phalena venaria, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.2. p. 156. No. 96. Gel. Linn. S. N. 2470. No. 701. Hasiratr: China (Drury). ‘ In Indis” (Fabr.). Upper Side. Antenne dark blue and pectinated. Tongue spiral. Head, neck, and thorax dark mazarine blue, spotted with white. Abdomen deep blue, with six white rings. Wings black, covered with a number of streaks and spots of a dusky brimstone; those nearest the body being much longer than those next the external edges; where eight of them form a kind of border on each wing, and are all placed on the membranous parts between the nerves. Margins of the wings entire. Under Side. Breast and sides blue. Legs blue and white. Anterior wings with the anterior edges fine mazarine blue. The remaining parts of all the wings are exactly the same as on the upper side. PAPILIO ANTENOR. Plate III. fig. 1. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SrEcTion: Diurna. Famriy: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. PAPILIO, Auct. Papilio (Eq. Troj.) Drury. PAPILIO ANTENOR. Alis dentatis concoloribus albo maculatis ; posticis caudatis; disco atomis viridibus lunu- lisque marginalibus rubris. (Expans. Alar. 6 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Troj.) Antenor, Drury, App. vol.2. Donovan Ins. of India, pl.15. f.1. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 40, No.9. Boisd. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1.p. 189. No. 2. Hapirat: Central Africa. Upper Side. Antenne red brown, but thickening gradually to the tips. Head fine scarlet. Thorax velvety black. Abdomen white with scarlet rings. Anterior wings black, with three rows of cream- coloured spots on each; the two upper ones next the anterior edge being a little confused by running into each other; the lower one, running parallel with the external margin, is more regular. These spots, being nineteen in number, are of different sizes and shapes; some being round, some oval, trian- gular, &e. Posterior wings black, with two tails; having four rather broad scarlet crescents placed above 5 each of them, the ends of which are verged with cream. On the middle of each wing is placed a great number of small powder-like spots of a golden green colour; and on the abdominal edges, just below the body, are two scarlet and cream crescents placed opposite each other. The upper part of each wing exhibits ten cream-coloured spots of different shapes and sizes, whereof three are larger than all the rest. Under Side. Breast scarlet. Sides black. Abdomen scarlet, with white rings. Wings coloured nearly as on the other side; the spots being rather more distinct, the crescents broader, and the cream edges stronger than on the upper side. All the wings are dentated; the superior very faintly, the inferior very deeply. Drury states that he was ignorant from what part of the world his specimen (which was given to him by Mr. Leman) came from. No other individual of this species is recorded to exist in the modern collections, and it is from the figure and description of Drury that all subsequent writers have derived their knowledge of this splendid and unique insect. Donovan, however, figured this butterfly, or rather copied Drury’s figure in his beautiful work upon the Insects of India, observing merely that it might be ‘* mentioned with much ’ propriety amongst the rarest of the Papilio tribe found in India,” without giving any account of the source from whence his figure and information had been obtained. At the sale of Mr. Drury’s collection, this butterfly composed lot 4 of the first day’s sale, May 23, 1805, and was purchased by Mr. Latham at the price of £2. 12s. 6d. The Rey. F. W. Hope, however, possesses a specimen, which he has informed me, that he obtained in a small collection of rare insects from tropical Africa, collected by the late Mr. Ritchie. THECLA SYLVANUS. Plate III. fig. 2, 3. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMiILy:; Lycenide, Leach. GeNus. TueEcLa, Fabr. Polyommatus p. Latr. § God. Hesperia p. Fabr. olim. Papilio (Pleb. ruric.) Linn. Drury. THECLA SyLyANus. Alis supra maris obscuré violaceis, feminze albido ccerulescentibus ; subtus fuscis, annulis numerosis albis seu albidis; posticis.ocellis duobus anguli ani argenteis rufo cinctis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Sylvanus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Pap. Larydas, Cramer, pl. 282. fig. H. Herbst. tab. 290. f. 1. Latr. § God. Enc. Méth. ix. 619. (Polyommatus Larydas.) Hasitat: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Wead, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings of a dark mazarine blue, tinged with brown; immaculate. Posterior wings with three small narrow tails to each, which appear to be clusters of small hairs, extending from the wing below the cilia. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and thighs grey. Wings russet or hair-coloured. Anterior near the tips with a few faint markings. Posterior wings irregularly spotted with black, dark brown, and whitish 6 spots and marks; two black ones being situated next the abdominal corners, and sparkling with small sapphire-coloured specks placed thereon, being scarcely discernible. All the wings are entire. POLYOMMATUS ISIS. Plate III. fig. 4, 5. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAminy: Lycsenide, Leach. Genus. Potyommatus, Latr. § God. Hesperia (rur.), Fabr. Argus p. Scop. PotyomMatus Isis. Alissupra violaceo-ccerulescentibus, disco anticarum macula, posticarum fascia albis ; subtus albis ; posticis fasciis duabus repandis, et macularum serie nigris, harum duabus internis argentatis ¢. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Isis, Drury, App. vol. 1. Hesperia Isarchus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 316.198. Herbst. Pap. 320. f.8,9. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 679. No. 194. (Pol. Isarchus.) Papilio Camillus, Cramer, pl. 300. fig. A. B. Hasitat: Sierra Leone (Drury). “ America, Dom. Drury” (Fabricius). Timor (Enc. Méth.). Upper Side. Head, black. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark blue. Anterior wings fine violet, a. little inclining to purple; round the external edge runs a small narrow black line. Cilia white and black. On the middle of these wings is a white patch, with two small faint dark spots on its upper side. Pos- terior wings violet-coloured, with the same narrow black line running along the external edges as on the anterior. An irregular white bar crosses these wings from the anterior to the abdominal edges, beginning near the upper corner and ending near the extremity of the body. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and sides white. Legs black. Abdomen white. Anterior wings white, with some dark brown markings running along the anterior and external edges, whereon are some white streaks and patches. Posterior wings white, whereof one-third next the external edges is dark brown, but next the cilia is whitish; whereon are six small round brown spots, two of which, next the abdominal corners, sparkle with blue like a sapphire; the upper parts of these wings, next the shoulders, have a brown double streak on each. All the wings are entire. PAPILIO NIREUS. Plate IV. fig. 1, 2. ORDER. Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmiIny: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. Pariuio, Linn. $c. (Section Equit. Achiv.) PapiLtio Nrreus. Alis dentatis, nigris, fascia communi maculisque viridibus ; posticis breviter caudatis ; his subtus fascia subargentea, marginali, nervis divisa. (Expans. Alar. unc. 4. lin, 8.) Syn. Papilio Nireus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. p.750. No. 28. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 36. No. 106. God. Enc. Méth. ix. p.48. No. 67. Cram. 187. A. B. § 378. E.G. Herbst. Pap. tab. 37. f.1.2. Boisduval. Hist. Nat. Lepid. 1. 224. Hasitat: Sierra Leone (Drury). Coast of Guinea, Caffraria, Madagascar (Bdv.). India (Linn. § Fabr.). Upper Side. Head, thorax, and abdomen velvety black. Wings fine deep black; with two narrow bars of a beautiful Saxon or blueish green colour, which begin about the middle of the anterior edges of the anterior wings, and crossing both them and the posterior, meet at the abdominal edges near the 7 abdominal corners, running parallel with the external edges. Anterior wings with two small blue spots placed on each near the tips, and another, larger, divided into three by the nerves, near the middle of the anterior edge; being placed at the top and even with the bar, but divided from it by a small separa- tion of black. The edges of these wings are entire. Posterior wings with six blue spots on each, placed along the external edges; the four lower ones being in pairs, and another small one at the abdominal corners; margins deeply angulated. Under Side. Breast and sides dark brown, spotted with white. Abdomen brown. Wings dark brown hair-coloured, immaculate, except the posterior ones, which have a row of eleven cream-coloured spots running along the external edges. The female differs from the male in being somewhat larger in size, with the spots on the upper side of a brighter green colour, and with the marginal row of spots on the under side of the posterior wings of a pearly greyish hue, and with a tinge of this colour upon the disk of the wings. Cramer has figured the male as the female, and vice versa. Mr. Smeathman informed Mr. Drury that this insect feeds upon the orange and lime trees, about which the butterfly is always seen flying, considermg it as remarkable that most of the insects which feed upon the orange or citron tribes, have some tinge of green upon them ; in like mamner the beautiful green snake, so common about Sierra Leone, is always to be found about these kind of trees. ‘These circumstances led our author ito a series of observations which, though upwards of half a century old, may still be read not only with pleasure, but with the hope of beneficial results. “The particular qualities, dispositions, and uses of by far the greater part of insects, as well as of plants, are at present totally unknown to us, nor are the methods by which we are to acquire that knowledge at present ascertained. “« Their colours have hitherto been of no further use to us than merely to discrimimate one genus or species from another ; and yet it is possible that, by a combination of obser- vations even on the colours of insects, we may form some ideas of their natures and pro- perties. “The observation of Mr. Smeathman, if well founded, supposing it did not lead to a discovery of the nature and properties of an insect itself, might at least indicate those of the plant on which it feeds. | The various species of the Danat Candidi, among which are included the different white butterflies of Europe, feed chiefly on such plants as are reckoned not only nourishing, but salutary to the human body, such as the various species of cabbages, coleworts, turnips, &c. Every foreign country produces butterflies of that family ; some of them so very like those of Europe, that it is a fair ference they feed on plants of a similar property. This is countenanced by many corroborating circumstances. The Papilio Iris, and the various Fritillary butterflies fly exceedingly swift ; and it appears from Mr. Smeathman’s observations, that foreign butterflies that bear a resemblance to them, also fly exceedingly swift. The green and golden Scarabet of this country are found to delight m flowers ; those of the hot climates are also found on flowers ; while the black, 8 purple, and darker coloured Scarabei, are generally found frequenting the excrements of animals, and are, in every quarter of the globe, called Tumble dung-beetles, from their making balls of those substances, and rolling them to their holes. The locust tribes feed here chiefly on grasses and roots ; so it appears they do in the torrid zone. Those of the torrid zone are found to be wholesome food. The inference is plain, that those of this climate, in case of necessity, or perhaps even as an article of luxury, might be found the same. «« The caterpillars of certain beetles, from his account, are the greatest delicacies of the hot regions. They might, m some degree, be found to be so here. The palm-worm of the West Indies, which is sought at a monstrous expense, is the caterpillar or maggot of a beetle, of the same genus with that small beetle, which is produced from the maggot or caterpillar in a hazel-nut or filberd. This is often eaten here, and esteemed by those who do so as more delicate than the nut itself. «© The Cantharides is a green beetle. A green beetle of our own, Cerambyx Moschatus, is found capable of raising blisters ; and other gveen beetles may probably have the same effect. «The butterflies that are found in the cultivated spots of Africa, have in shape and appearance a strong resemblance to many of ours, particularly the white ones. These seldom visit the thick woods; but, when seen in any number, are certain indications of neighbouring plantations. This observation might save the lives of bewildered travellers : as in some instances it might be dangerous to enter into a very large wood, or a thick part of it; in others again, immediate safety might be the consequence of leaving a forest, by following the indications of an open or cultivated spot. The analogy between the colours, the dispositions, and the qualities of insects, may yet be greater, and between insects, and the plants on which they feed, still more useful ; for if an insect is found in one part of the world to feed on a plant useful in food, medicine, or manufactures, an insect of a similar appearance, in another part of the world, will in all probability be found to feed on a plant of similar virtues. We do not know but insects may affect, when perfect, to frequent different soils; or to visit the recesses, where valuable drugs remain hid from human search, and useless to mankind. «« As, however, observation and experience have demonstrated, through length of time, that useful hints may be drawn from very trivial properties in the smallest insects, it seems that none are unworthy of being noted. Future travellers may draw useful inferences from those now given, and may add to the number, for the benefit of those who follow after them. There can be no doubt that every species of insect has its use in the creation, and probably there are few from which mankind might not derive some advantage, if their nature and properties were ascertained. We know of a few direct methods, and must therefore in general wait with patience, till a variety of observations, such as Mr. Smeath- man has given us, by being frequently compared, strike out new lights upon this part of Y) science, and elucidate matters at this time buried in obscurity. The uses of many insects in the creation are obvious at the first sight: such, for instance, are those which feed on putrid animal or vegetable substances; while others promote the general good by such remote means, that we cannot immediately see to what end their operations verge. We are not therefore, however, to suppose them mere expletives in the great system of beings , neither are we rashly to attribute an importance to them which they do not deserve, or ridiculously affect to admire circumstances in them of little moment, and praise the Creator for dispositions of a secondary nature. “ When I recommend observations to be made on the most trivial circumstances, it will readily be conceived I do not wish to derogate from experiment, from which alone solid hopes are to be formed, and those which have been hitherto made give great encouragement. Mr. Reaumur has found that the moth, which feeds on clothes, refines the colour with which they are dyed in a wonderful manner ; for the excrement of the animal is the colour of the cloth on which it is fed; and therefore, for miniature paintings, infinitely surpasses all others. How far this kind of experiment can be refined on, must be left to the curiosity and diligence of travellers and experimental philosophers, who may perhaps, in some part of the world, realize and improve this reasoning upon a large and useful scale,” MELITHA CYTHERIS. Plate IV. fig. 3, 4. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Diurna. FAmiILty: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Mevirxa, Fabr. Argynnis p. Ochs. Latr. § God. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Drury, Meuit®A CyTHERIS. Alis supra fulvis nigro maculatis, subtus anticis fulvis apice fusco, striga alba, posticis fuscis striga discoidali maculaque marginali albis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Ph.) Cytheris, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hapirat: Falkland Islands. Upper Side. Head, eyes, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings brown orange, with a number of small black spots thereon (not less than twenty) of various shapes and sizes. Next the body these wings are darker and pilose. Posterior wings are the same colour as the superior, and spotted with many small black spots of different shapes dispersed all over the wings; they are also darker next the body and hairy. Under Side. Palpi reddish. Anterior wings sandy orange-coloured, rather paler than the upper side. Near the tips is a white streak placed next the anterior margin, and close thereto is a cloud of a dark red colour. Most of the small black spots are seen on this side, but less distinctly. Posterior wings dark red, with several faint clouds. A narrow white streak, about a quarter of an inch in length, is placed near the middle of each of these wings; and another much shorter is placed on the anterior edge, near the upper corner. All the wings are entire, II Cc SATURNIA MYLITTA. Plate V. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEction: Nocturna. FamILy: Bombycide, Steph. Genus. SarurniA, Schrank. Attacus, Germar. Phalena (Attacus), Linn. SATURNIA Mynirra. Alis cervino-fulvis, striga ferruginea submarginali ocelloque fenestrato, in medio linea diviso. (Expans. Alar. 6 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Mylitta, Drury, App. vol. 2. Oliv. Ene. Méth. 5, 26.9. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 411. No. 11. Gel. Linn. S. N. 2403. 463. Phalena Paphia, Cramer, t. 146. f. A. HABITAT: Bengal. Upper Side. Antenne pectinated, reddish fox-coloured. Neck grey. Thorax and abdomen greyish yellow. Wings reddish fox-coloured, having a round transparent eye in the middle of each; those in the superior being largest. These eyes are encircled with a narrow yellow edging, then with a greyish band, and lastly with a narrow black line; the transparent pupil appearing as if a fine hair crossed it. ‘The anterior edges of the superior wings have a grey margin from the shoulders almost to the tips, where the reddish colour is paler than on the rest of the wing. A narrow dark line begins near the tips, and runs along the external edges to the lower corners, which is continued along the external edges of the posterior wings to the abdominal corners. On these wings a faint arched line of a dark colour is observable over each eye. Under Side. Breast, feet, and abdomen grey. ‘The wings greyish brown; eyes appearing as on the upper side. A faint dark-coloured bar, beginning at the anterior edges of the anterior wings, and running across the lower parts of the eyes, is continued along the posterior ones; where it crosses the middle of the eyes, and ends at the abdominal edges below the body. All the wings are entire; the superior ones being arched, or hooked at the tips. NOCTUA ? SPECIOSA. Plate V. fig. 2. OrvrER: Lepidoptera. Suction: Nocturna. Famizty: Noctuide? Steph. Genus. Noctua? Auct. Noctua? Sprcrosa. Fulya, alis anticis medio, posticisque albidis, illarum basi fulvo, maculis 6 parvis nigris, dimidio apicali obscuriori. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Speciosa, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black, setaceous. Tongue long and spiral. Head, neck, thorax, and abdomen yellow. Anterior wings pale clay-coloured; but next the shoulders yellow, gradually changing to a white towards the middle of the wings, and occupying almost half of them; each wing having six small black spots on the yellow part, three being placed on the anterior edge, and the other three near the shoulder, where likewise is another small spot. Posterior wings white, immaculate. Under Side. Palpi long and yellow at the base, but the ends are black and filiform. Legs white, striped with brown. Breast and abdomen white. Anterior wings with the tips pale clay-coloured, as on the upper side; all the remaining part being white. A small black bar begins about the middle of 1a the anterior margin, and crossing the wing ends at the lower corner. Next the shoulders is a small tuft of hairs of a silver colour placed on each wing. Posterior wings white and immaculate. ‘The margin of the wings entire. This and several nearly allied species of tropical moths constitute a very distinct sub- genus characterized by the prevailing colour, the spots at the base of the wings, the elon- gated palpi, and the peculiar neuration of the anterior wings. I have not, however, ventured to propose the establishment of a subgenus for them. They appear in some respects to be allied to the genus Leucania. CALLIMORPHA? PYLOTIS. Plate V. fig. 3. OrveER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Famity : Lithosiidae, Steph. Genus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Setina p. Schr. Phalwena (Bombyx), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? Pyzoris. Alis atro-ceruleis, anticis fascia lata’ media alba. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalewna (Bombyx) Pylotis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Oliv. Enc. Meth. 5.99. No.255. Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 263. Syst. Ent. 585. Phalena cribraria, Clerck. Ins. 54. f. 4. Hasirat: Bay of Honduras. Upper Side. Antenne black and pectinated. Tongue orange-coloured, and spiral. Head, thorax, and abdomen fine mazarine blue. Anterior wings dark mazarine, having a single white bar running from the middle of the anterior edge to the lower corner. A small part of the cilia at the tips is white, the rest being of the same colour as the wings. Posterior wings of the same colour as the superior, and immaculate, except the cilia, which is entirely white. Under Side. Palpi black. Neck white. Breast and sides mazarine. The legs black and white. Abdomen orange, ringed with mazarine. Wings coloured as on the upper side; but next the body of a finer and stronger blue. The white part of the tips is also stronger and more distinct. “The margins of all the wings are entire. BOTYS (DESMIA?) SERICEA. Plate VI. fig. 1. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Faminy: Pyralide. Genus. Borys, Lair. SuscEenus: Desmia? Westw. in Guer. Mag. d’Ent. Borys (DEsMIA?) SeRICHA. Alis sericeis viridi-margaritaceis, anticarum margine antico luteo. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalana (Pyralis) Sericea, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: Gold Coast of Africa. Upper Side. ead light green. Eyes black. Antenne thread-like, and very long; appearing at the middle as if they had been broken, and had branched out again to their proper length. ‘Thorax and abdomen light green. Tail dark brown. Wings fine light green, almost transparent, and resembling mother of pearl. Anterior edges of the anterior wings pale orange-coloured. ce 12 Under Side. Palpi, neck, breast, abdomen, and legs light green; except the anterior tibiee, which are pale orange. ‘Tail dark brown. Wings of the same colour as on the upper side, immaculate. Wings entire. The curious structure of the antennee of this insect (which is, doubtless, peculiar to the males alone) is very similar to that of Desmia maculalis, (Westw. in Mag. Zool.) but the larger size, pearly wings, and different quarters of the globe in which these two species are found, make it doubtful whether the two insects belong strictly to the same subgenus. It is evidently nearly allied to the British genus Margaritia. Mr. Smeathman informed Drury that this is one of the Phalena which fly during the day. A little noise or rustling disturbs it, when it takes rapid flights of twenty or thirty yards, hiding itself with great ingenuity, which makes it difficult to catch. SATURNIA CYNTHIA. Plate VI. fig. 2. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycide, Steph. GENUS. SATURNIA, Schrank. Attacus, Germar. Bombyx p. Fabr. SATURNIA CyNnTHIA. Alis falcatis luteo-fuscis, fascia communi albida striga basali lunulaque discoidali ; anticis ocello parvo apicali. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Cynthia, Drury, App. vol. 2. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 30. 26. Hasirat: China. Upper Side. Head greyish brown. Antenne strongly pectinated. ‘Thorax and abdomen greyish. Anterior wings with a bar rising near the middle of the anterior margin, continued along the posterior wings parallel with the external edges, and ending near the abdominal corners; the inner part forming an equilateral triangle. The outer part of this triangle is ash colour, the inner part pale brownish grey, but darker than the rest of the wings. ‘The tips of the superior wings are adorned with a small eye, the lower part of which is black, and the upper part white ; from whence a faint white serpentine line runs to the very extremity of the wing. The spaces between the ash colour mentioned above, and the external edges of all the wings, are filled up with light brownish grey, appearing as if powdered thinly with black dust. A small narrow black line runs along the external edges of all the wings, which, beginning at the abdominal corners and ending at the tips, appears as if broken or interrupted just below the eyes. A narrow ash-coloured bar begins on the posterior edges next the shoulders of the superior wings, which, running towards the tips, suddenly turns off, and ends on the anterior edges about half an inch from the shoulders. On the middle of the posterior wings is an ash-coloured crescent, verged at top with black; and about a quarter of an inch above this is another crescent, larger and much fainter, running from the anterior to the abdominal edge, and ending at the extremity of the body. Under Side. All the parts on this side are nearly of the same colour as on the upper, but not quite so distinct and bright. The angular bar on the anterior wings next the shoulders, and the faint crescent on the posterior, not being discernible. ‘The margins of all the wings are entire; the superior ones being hooked at their tips. 13 From Dr. Roxburgh’s interesting memoir upon the silk-producing moths of the East Indies,* it appears that this species is named the Arundi or Arrindy silk-worm, the cater- pillars feeding upon the Arrindi, Ricinus, or Palma Christi. It is capable of being reared in the same way as the common silk-worm, the eggs are hatched in about ten or fifteen days; in about a month the caterpillars attain their full size, durmg which period they cast their skins three or four times. ‘The caterpillar is from two and a half to three inches in length, each segment being furnished with several small soft conical tubercles, the pre- vailing colour being pale green. In this state they are very voracious, devouring daily many times their own weight of food. The cocoons are white or yellowish, of a very soft and delicate texture; in general about two or three inches in length, and three in circum- ference, and pointed at both ends. In this cocoon the chrysalis remains from ten to twenty days, the moth appearing at one end, the period of its final state not extending beyond from four to eight days. ‘The moths are quiet, seldom attempting to fly from the apartment in which they are reared. The silk is so exceedingly delicate and flossy, that it is impracticable to wind it off; it is, therefore, spun like cotton, and the thread thus manufactured is woven into a coarse kind of white cloth, of a loose texture, but of surprising durability, the life of one person seldom being sufficient to wear out a garment made from it, the same piece descending from mother to daughter. It is used not only for clothing, but also for packing light clothes, &c. Some manufacturers in England to whom it was shewn seemed to think that it could be made here into shawls equal to any received from India. DEIOPEIA ASTREA. Plate VI. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Famiy: Lithosiidwe, Steph. Genus. DEIoPEIA, Steph. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. DEIOPEIA ASTREA. Alis fulvis; anticis fasciis septem albidis nigro-punctatis, posticis fulvis uigro-punctatis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 7 lin.) Syn. Phalwena (Noctua) Astrea, Drury, App. vol. 2. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 8. 261. (Noctua A.) Phalena (Bomb.) Pylotis? Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.479. Gmel. Linn. 8. N, 2440. 576. Phal. Geometra cribrata, Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2482. 751. Hasitat: The Gold Coast, Africa. Upper Side. Head deep yellow. Antenne filiform, dark brown. Neck and thorax yellow, with two small black spots on the former, and four on the latter. Abdomen yellow. Wings deep yellow : the anterior being nearly orange-coloured, and having several rows of small black spots crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges, most of which are very irregular and uneven; the two last next the external edges being the least so. ‘The number of spots on each of these wings is forty. Posterior wings with black spots, but much larger than those on the anterior, except three, which run along the external edges ; the whole number being eleven. * Trans. Linn. Soc. Vol. 7. 14 Under Side. Palpi yellow, tipped with black. Tongue spiral. Legs, breast, and abdomen yellow, the last spotted with black. Wings deep yellow. The anterior spotted with forty black spots, larger and stronger than on the upper side. Posterior wings also spotted as on the upper side. Edges of all the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA? GLAUCOPIS. Plate VI. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiidw, Steph. Genus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Zygena p. Fabr. Phalena (Bombyx), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? GuAvcoPis. Collari sanguineo, alis nigricantibus, anticis fascia obliqua nivea. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx Spiriling.) Glaucopis, Drury, App. vol.2. Cramer, tab. 322. f. D. Zygena Glaueopis, Fabr. Ent. Syst.111. 1. p. 400. No. 47. Gimel. Linn. S. N. 2397. 140. (Sphinx.) Hasitat: Bengal (Drury). Carolina (Fabr.). Upper Side. Head black. Antennz black, and very large and deeply pectinated. Neck fine scarlet. Thorax and abdomen black, tinged with mazarine. Wings black, immaculate; except the anterior, whereon is a white bar, beginning near the middle of the anterior edge, crossing the wing, and ending at the lower corners. Under Side. Palpi small and black. ‘Tongue spiral. Breast mazarine, intermingled with black. Legs long and black. Thighs mazarine. Abdomen black, tinged with mazarine. Wings coloured as on the upper side. Edges entire. IDHA LYNCEA. Plate VII. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAminty: Nymphalid, Swains. Genus. Ipma, Fabr. God. Papilio (Dan. Fest. or Eq. Hel.), Drury. Ipma Lyncea. Alis elongatis integerrimis cinerascentibus, venis maculisque permultis nigris; anticis sub- faleatis. (Expans. Alar. 6 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio Lynceus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Papilio Idea, Stoll. Suppl. Cramer, pl. 42. f. 1. Idea Lyncea, Ene. Méth. ix. p. 195. Hasitat: The Island of Johanna, near Madagasear. Upper Side. Antenne black and subfiliform. Head, neck, and thorax black, spotted, and streaked with white. Abdomen black. Wings almost transparent, and of a glassy hue, much resembling common glass; having a great number of black spots like velvet on them of different shapes and sizes, some being round, some oblong, and others like streaks; there being on each of the anterior wings twenty-eight distinct ones, besides those placed next the anterior edges, which are not easily ascertained, from their running into one another. Posterior wings with thirty-three distinct spots like those on the anterior, whereof some appear double. Under Side. Palpi white. ‘Tongue black, and spiral. Breast, sides, and legs streaked with black and white. Abdomen white. Wings coloured as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. 15 The Linnean specific name of the type of the present genus was Papilio Idea, a name admirably expressive of the delicate transparent structure of these butterflies. As several closely-allied species were discovered in addition to the original type, all partaking of the same appearance, Fabricius transposed the original specific name into that of the genus ; a new specific name, Agelia, being given to the original species, which is beautifully figured by Donovan, in his Insects of India, Pl. 24, and is by him considered identical with the insect figured by Drury. I have adopted the opinion of the authors of the Encyclopédie Méthodique, who consider the two insects as distinct. ACRAA CAMCENA. Plate VII. fig. 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera, SECTION: Diurna. FAmriy: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. Acr®A, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Helicon.), Fabr. se. AcrmA CAMa@NA. Alis oblongis fuscis, posticis basi nigro-punctatis ad extimum fascia flavescente transversa extus nigro-marginata. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Helic.) Camena, Drury, App. vol. 2. Herbst. Pap. t. 81.f.3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p- 173. No. 539. Enc. Meth. ix. p. 234. (Acriea C.) Hasirat: Cape Coast, Africa. Upper Side. Antenne black. Neck, thorax, and abdomen black, spotted with white. Anterior wings dark snuff colour, immaculate. About two-thirds of the posterior wings (upwards) also snuff- coloured, having some faint black spots thereon, seen more distinctly on the other side ; beneath this is a yellow clay-coloured bar, running from the abdominal corner and ending near the external edge by the upper comer; below this bar is a black indented margin running along the external edge, with some small faint spots thereon, which are much stronger on the other side. Abdominal groove clay- coloured; and on each wing next the shoulders is a small triangular clay spot. Under Side. Palpi clay-coloured. Breast and sides black, with white spots. Anterior wings coloured as on the upper side. Posterior wings clay-coloured, with twelve black distinct spots, two near the upper corners being small and round. These wings next the breast are black, with some white spots thereon : and along the external edges is a black indented margin, with eight small white spots on it, two of which next the abdominal corners are joined together. Margins of the wings entire. HELICONIA DIAPHANA. Plate VII. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famriy: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. Hexiconta, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Eq. Helicon.), Drury, Se. HELIconIA DIAPHANA. Alis oblongis integerrimis hyalinis, margine omni fasciaque transversa abbreviata anticarum fusco-nigris, posticis subtus costa baseos sulphurea. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Helic.) Diaphanus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, pl. 231. C, and pl. 315.D.E, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 184. No. 570. HawBitat: Jamaica, Brazil to Virginia (Enc. Méth.). 16 Upper Side. Antenne black, and very long. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Wings trans- parent, vitreous. Anterior ones with the posterior edges bending as it were inwards. A small narrow border of dark brown runs entirely round the edges of these wings; and on the anterior edges, about a third from the tips, runs a dark brown streak towards the middle of the wing, close to which is a small white spot joining to the anterior edge. Posterior wings having also a very narrow border running about two-thirds round them, and stopping at the abdominal edges; some long yellowish hairs are placed on the anterior edges near the body. Under Side. Palpi, breast, sides, ash-coloured. The dark brown borders surrounding the wings appear on this side of an orange brown colour; the rest as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. NYMPHALIS SALMACIS. Plate VIII. fig. 1, 2. OrDER: Lepidoptera, SEcTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. Nympuatis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis Phal.), Drury, §c. NYMPHALIS SALMACIS. Alis dentatis, supra nigris disco cceruleo-radiatis, subtus fuscis; fascia strigaque maculari albidis (9). (Expans. Alar. 4 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Nymph. Ph.) Salmacis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Herbst. tab. 166. f.5.6. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p- 132. No. 405. Papilio Omphale, Stoll. Suppl. Cram. pl. 26.f.1. 1. A. Hapitat: Sierra Leone (Drury). Amboina (Stéoll.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Neck spotted with grey. Thorax and abdomen black. Anterior wings next the body black brown, but at the tips russet, or dark hair-coloured; about a quarter of an inch from thence are two small white spots placed on each wing, near the anterior margin; near the middle is a short white bar, crossed by the black nerves of the wing, whose under part joins to a patch of blue which runs to the posterior margin. Posterior wings next the body black brown, but along the external edges a little lighter. A white bar on each rises at the abdominal groove, and runs to the middle of the wing towards the anterior edge, being margined with blue which seems to shoot in rays; a row of twelve small white spots runs along the external edge in pairs. Under Side. Palpi, neck, and breast black brown, spotted with white. Anterior wings russet, darkest next the body; the white spots and bar being very plain on this side, with the addition of a row of white spots running half way along the external edges. Posterior wings russet, with the same marks and spots as on the other side, but rather of a pearl colour. Margins of the wings dentated, the in- dentings being white. PIERIS PASITHOE. Plate VIII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmrny: Papilionide, Leach. Genus, PreErRIs, Schrank. Latr. God. Boisduval. Pontia p. Ochs. Japilio (Dan. Cand. or Heliconii), Linn. Drury, Se. PrERIS PAstTHoE. Alis suboblongis nigris, supra’ ccerulescenti-albo-maculatis, posticis subtis disco flayo, nigro venoso, fasciaque baseos ferruginea incurya. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Helicon.) Pasithoe, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2.755. No. 53. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 179, Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Dione, Drury, App. vol. 2. Papilio Porsenna, Cramer, pl. 43. fig. D. E. § pl. 352. fig. A. B. Pieris Pasithoe, Ene. Méth. ix. p.148. Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. p. 451. Hasirar: India (Drury). China, Bengal (Botsduval). 17 Upper Side. Antenne. black. Head, thorax, and abdomen dirty black. Wings soot-coloured, or dirty black, having a small white spot in the middle of the anterior; a row of oblong white spots runs from the anterior edge to the lower corner, some being pointed and placed a little distance from the tips; base of the wings powdered with white dust, increasing to a clear white as it recedes from the body. The posterior wings powdered in the same manner; and having four pointed white spots on each, crossing them from the upper to the abdominal corners. Abdominal groove yellow, extending towards the middle of the wing. Under Side. Palpi, sides, and breast sooty. Neck and abdomen grey. Anterior wings as on the upper side, but the white more distinct. Posterior wings next the body black, and surrounded by a red circle. The remainder of the wings principally yellow, having the nerves and also a margin running along the external edges soot-coloured. Margins of the wings entire. PAPILIO MENESTHEUS. Plate IX. fig. 1, 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Sectron: Diurna. FAmity: Papilionidwe, Leach. Genus. Papiuio, Auct. Papilio (Eq. Ach.) Drury. PapILio MENESTHEUS. Alis dentatis, caudatis, nigris, fascia maculari maculisque marginalibus flavis, omnibus subtus basi albido striatis, posticis lunulis rufis ccerulescentibusque. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc. 8 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Ach.) Menestheus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cram. pl. 142. fig. A.B. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p-. 31. Ene. Meth. ix. p. 59. Boisd. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. p. 236. Hasirat: Sierra Leone (Drury). India (erroneously, Fabr.). Upper Side. Antenne brown. The head, thorax, and abdomen greenish black. Anterior wings black, covered with minute green spots, the tips like black velvet. Some long russet-coloured hairs, occupying a space the size of a sixpence, are situated close to the posterior margin, near the lower corner; there are also twenty lemon-coloured spots on each, eight of which are very small and marginal ; eight other oblong spots form a bar, rising on the anterior margin and running obliquely across the wings, meeting near the extremity of the body. Posterior wings velvety black, covered at the base with small green spots, and having five lemon spots running along the external edges. [ach of these wings is furnished with a tail, having a lemon spot on each side ; and on the abdominal edge is an eye, whose under part is red, and the upper blue. Near the upper corner is a red spot, hidden in the figure by the superior wings. Under Side. Head and breast ash-coloured. All the spots and marks which on the upper side are lemon colour, on this are pale cream-coloured. Anterior wings soot-coloured, the spots very distinct ; those next the external edges being larger, with many cream-coloured stripes at the base running longitudinally parallel with the tendons both of the anterior and posterior wings. These are adorned with several eyes of velvety black; the upper sides being blue, and the under orange verged with cream, The marginal spots are considerably larger than on the upper side. II D THECLA THETIS 9. Plate IX. fig. 3, 4. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Srction: Diurna. FAminy: Lycenidw, Leach. Genus. TuEcLA, Fabr. Polyommatus p. Latr. God. Hesperia p. Fabr. Linn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.), Drury. THECLA THETIS. Alis integris; maris supra fulvis margine exteriori nigro; fa2minz fuscis disco albo: subtus albis. (Expans. Alar, 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio Thetis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, pl. 238. fig. D. 9 - Hesperia Phedrus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 307. g. Hesperia Msopus, Fabr. op. cit. p. 307. 9+ Papilio Ginyra, Cram. pl. 238. C. g. Polyommatus Pheedrus, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 675. No. 181. HasBiratT: Bombay (Drury). Bengal, Coromandel (Enc. Méth.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Wings russet, or dark hair-coloured, with a white spot in the middle of each, of an oblong shape in the anterior wings, and much smaller and placed transversely in the posterior. Cilia and abdominal groove white. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and legs white. Wings on this side fine silvery white, immaculate. Margins of the wings entire. I have reverted to the original name first proposed by Drury. BIBLIS UNDULARIS. Plate X. fig. 1, 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. Brus, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio(Nymphalis), Fab. olim. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. Brsuis UnpuLaris. Alis dentatis nigris aut fuscis; anticis supra fascia apicali cyanea, posticis externe ferrugineis, omnibus subtus ferrugineo undulatis, punctoque costali posticarum albo. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 7 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Undularis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, pl. 256. fig. A.B. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 127. No. 389. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 326. (Biblis Und.) Hasrrat: East Indies (Drury). Coromandel, Jaya (Enc. Méth.)- Upper Side. Antenne brown. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown. Superior wings dark brown, somewhat lighter along the external edges, with an oblong subapical blue streak, beneath which are four oval blue spots placed along the external edges, discernible only when the light falls in a particular direction. Posterior wings reddish clay-coloured, surrounding a dark brown patch placed on the upper part. Under Side. Breast, abdomen, and legs brown. Wings dark reddish clay, with short red streaks all over the wings, and a white spot placed at the middle of the anterior edges of the posterior wings. Margins of the wings dentated. NYMPHALIS (LIMENITIS) ARTHEMIS. Plate X. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalidae, Sw. Genus. NyMPHALIS, Latr. Papilio (Nymphal. Phal.), Linn. Drury, §c. SuBGENUS: Limenitis. Fabr. Steph. NYMPHALIS (LIMENITIS) ARTHEMIS. Alis dentatis fuscis ; utrinque fascid communi alba strigisque duabus lunularum ccerulescentium, subtus rufo-maculatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.—8 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Nymphal. Phal.) Arthemis, Drury, Append. vol. 2. Say. Amer. Entomol. 2. pl. 28. Papilio Lamina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 118. 361. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 380. (Nymphalis L.) HABITAT: New York. Upper Side. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings black, at the base surrounded by a white band, separating it from the external part, which is black likewise. On the anterior wings, near the tips, are four small white spots, the two uppermost being largest; along the external edges is a narrow marginal row of small blue crescents, continued along the posterior wings, where it is double, having above it a row of brown orange spots, verged at top with blue. A white bar begins on the middle of the anterior edges of the anterior wings, which, crossing them and the posterior, ends at the extremity of the body. Under Side. Palpi, head, breast, and legs brown. ‘The parts that on the upper side are black, are of a fine red brown. ‘The basal parts having some brown orange spots on both wings, verged with black. Margins blue; scollopings edged with white. Margins of the wings dentated; the inferior ones most. Mr. Say observes of this beautiful species that it occurred sparingly in the North- western territory, during the advance of Major Long’s expedition toward Lake Winnepec. He also found it at that lake as well as at the Lake of the Woods, and in other parts of Upper Canada. He procured specimens likewise from Arkansaw, in the expedition to the Rocky Mountains, and received it from Cambridge (Massachusetts). PIERIS EUCHARIS. Plate X. fig. 5, 6. OrpveER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. Prerts, Schrank. Latr. God. Boisduval. Pontia p. Ochs. Papilio (Dan. Cand. or Heliconii), Linn. Drury, §¢. PrERIs EvcHaris. Alis suboblongis integerrimis, supra albis, omnibus utrinque venis limboque nigris : posticis subtus flavis, maculis marginalibus coccineis alboque cinctis. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 2 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Dan, Cand.) Eucharis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, pl. 201. B.C. g. 202. C. 9. Papilio (D.C.) Hyparete, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p.176. (Exelus. Syn. Linn.) Pieris Epicharis, God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 153. No. 122. Boisd. Hist. N. Lepid. 1. p. 456. HABITAT: Bombay. Upper Side. Antenne black. Head grey. Thorax and abdomen grey. Anterior wings white: nerves black, with seven white oblong spots placed along the external edges and tips on a black ground. Posterior wings cream-coloured, with six oval flesh-coloured spots placed along the posterior margin on a black ground, separated by the black nerves. D2 20 Under Side. Palpi, breast, and abdomen grey. Anterior wings white, with very broad and black nerves, forming white oblong spots on the upper side. Posterior wings yellow, with a broad black margin along the external edges, whereon are placed six oval scarlet spots, edged or surrounded with white. Nerves black and broad. Margins of the wings entire. Drury correctly considered this species as distinct from the Linnean Hyparete, and accordingly named it Eucharis. Fabricius, notwithstanding, united the two species, and applied the name Eucharis to another Indian species (Anthocaris Eucharis of Boisduval, but which it would be more correct to name Aurora after Cramer). Godart, in order to obviate the confusion arising from two distinct species having the same specific name, altered the oldest name (Eucharis, Drury), instead of the incorrectly imposed name of Fabricius. I have therefore reverted to the name proposed by Drury, the other species being now removed to the genus Anthocaris. SATURNIA PROMETHEA. Plate XI. fig. 1,2. ¢.—Plate XII. fig. 1,2. 9. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna FAMILY: Bombycide, Steph. Genus. SATURNIA, Schrank. Attacus, Germar. Phalena(Attacus), Linn. SATURNIA PROMETHEA, Allis subfalcatis, maris fuscis, foeminz ferrugineis, fascia tenui undataé communi pallida margine griseo, anticis utrinque ocello atro. (Expans. Alar. 4 une. ¢.4 unc. 3 lin. 9.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Promethea, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 411. No. 12. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2403. 464. Cram. Ins. tab. 75, A. B. f. 76. A. B. 9. Abbot & Smith Ins. Georgia, 1. tab. 46. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 27.12. Pal. Bauv. Ins. d’ Afr. et @Amer. Lep. pl. 21. Hasitat: New York, Virginia, Georgia. Mae.— Upper Side. Antenne strongly pectinated, dark brown. Head, thorax, and abdomen the same. Anterior wings very dark chocolate, hooked at the tips; having a margin of light hair colour running along the external edges from the tips to the lower corners, through the middle of which runs a narrow black serpentine line like a hair, dividing the margin into two shades, the external one being darkest ; near the tips is a black spot like an eye, partly surrounded by a blue iris; a narrow waved line of a light hair colour begins at the anterior edge, about one-third from the tips, and, crossing both the anterior and posterior wings, ends about half an inch below the body. Posterior wings of the same colour as the anterior, having a hair-coloured margin running round them; being also divided in the middle by a waved narrow line, above which are several dark-coloured spots and marks. Under Side. Breast, legs, and abdomen of a beautiful dark chocolate colour. Anterior wings at the base dark chocolate, with a small single spot in the middle of each; about a third part of these wings, next the external edges, is hair-coloured, appearing next the chocolate part to be. thickly powdered with grey, so as to form a margin along the chocolate part of that colour. The black eye, and hair- coloured margin, as on the upper side. ‘The middle of the posterior wings fine chocolate, surrounded, except at the abdominal edges, with hair colour, and like the superior finely powdered and verged with grey; about the middle of the chocolate field is a small transverse white streak; the hair-coloured margin less distinct. Margins of all the wings entire. 9 ~ FrmaLe.—Upper Side. Antennze brown and pectinated. Thorax and abdomen red brown. An- terior wings dark red next the body, from whence a narrow light-coloured bar begins at the anterior edge, and running towards the posterior suddenly turns off and ends at the body, forming an obtuse angle; another light-coloured waved bar crosses the wings, ending on the abdominal edges a little below the body; the imer side of this bar is a dark chocolate, and between it and the angle of the first bar is placed a light-coloured triangular mark; near the tips is placed a small black eye, partly surrounded by a blue iris; along the external margins of all the wings runs a dark buff edge, through the middle of which runs a small narrow line; the space between this margin and the waved bar is of a dark red, finely powdered next the bar with grey. Posterior wings, within the waved bar, dark brown chocolate ; the hairs along the abdominal edges greyish; and on the middle of the chocolate ground is a light- coloured triangular mark ; several submarginal red spots of different sizes, with a small narrow irregular line running between them and the cilia; the space between this margin and the waved bar is dark red, that next the bar is powdered as it were very thickly with small grey spots like dust. Under Side. Breast, legs, and abdomen dark red, the sides streaked with white. Anterior wings having only two divisions, separated by the waved bar mentioned above: the inner division of a fine bright chocolate, whereon the small triangular marks are faintly seen; the external division as on the upper side, but with the markings more distinct. Posterior wings with the part answering to the dark brown chocolate being of a fine dark red, verged with black and white, and surrounded entirely, except the abdominal edges, by the grey powdered field. Margins entire. The transformations to which Lepidopterous insects are subject are amongst the most remarkable phenomena of insect life. In the different states to which each is lable, a series of changes is exhibited which has been compared, by an admired writer, to what might be supposed to be undergone by an animal which for the first five years of its life, exhibited the form of a serpent, which then penetrated into the earth, spun for itself a silken coffin, contracting itself into a limbless form resembling, more than any thing else, an Egyptian mummy ; and which, lastly, after remaining in this state for a length of time, burst into the air a winged bird. Of these states, it may well be conceived, that the second requires, from its inactivity and helplessness, a secure retreat, where, removed and secure from the attack of its enemies, it can rest its appointed period during which the organs of flight acquire their full development. We accordingly find that the varied man- ner in which the caterpillars of the different species prepare their retreats, affords one of the most interesting branches of investigation in the natural history of the Lepidoptera. And in this respect, the species now under consideration certainly exhibits one of the most interesting manceuvres hitherto recorded amongst the insect tribes, and which is described by Mr. Peale in his beautiful “‘ Lepidoptera Americana.”* This moth is very abundant in the vicinity of Philadelphia, at least, judging from the number of cocoons seen hanging from the branches of the Sassafras (Laurus Sassafras), and Spice-wood (L. Benzoin); and which, by an ordinary observer, would be readily mistaken for withered leaves which had withstood the blasts of winter. After the caterpillar has attained its full size, and lost the voracious * Quoted in the British Cyclopzdia of Natural History, Vol. 1. p. 748. 22 appetite which had hitherto been its predominant character, it begins its preparation for the great transformation it has to undergo, by selecting a perfect leaf, the upper surface of which it covers with a fine light yellowish brown silk, extending this coating with great skill and foresight, over the footstalk of the leaf, and attaching it firmly to the branch, so as to secure the leaf from being separated by any accident. This preliminary operation having been accomplished, the caterpillar next draws the edges of the leaf together, thus forming a perfect external covering or mantle, in which it spins a fine strong and durable cocoon of fine silk. In this habitation the little architect passes the winter secure from birds and other enemies. As soon as the cocoon has been completed, the caterpillar sheds its skin, and is transformed into a chrysalis. At first the leaf enveloping the cocoon re- mains green, but soon changes to a red or brown, when it becomes brittle, and is gradually carried away by the winds and storms of winter, until, finally, nothing remains except the cocoon itself, which is firmly suspended by the silk which once covered the footstalk of the leaf. Mr. Abbot states that the caterpillar also feeds upon the Snowdrop-tree (Halesia tetrap- tera, Linn.) Poplar, Bay, &c. Some individuals spin up in May, and the moth appears in June ; others, as above described, pass the winter in the chrysalis state. CALLIMORPHA? FAMULA. Plate XI. fig. 3. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. SxcTion: Nocturna. Faminy: Arctiide, Steph. Genus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Zygena p. Fabr. Phalwna (Bombyx), Drury. CALLIMORPHA FAMULA. Alis albis, dimidio apicali margineque externo nigris, anticarum macula oyvali obliqua alba, collo fulvo. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx spiriling.) Famula, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasrrat: Calabar, in the Bight of Benin, Africa. Upper Side. Antenne long and pectinated. ‘Thorax spiral. Neck orange-coloured. Thorax and abdomen dusky grey. Anterior wings about half way from the tips black, but at the base are of a pellucid white ; being surrounded along the anterior edge and part of the posterior with black; an oblong white spot is placed near the tips on the black part. Posterior wings black and white ; the white entirely surrounded by the black, which on the anterior and abdominal edges is very narrow. Under Side. Palpi orange-coloured, black at the tips. Neck, breast, and sides orange. Feet black. Thighs white. Abdomen white, annulated with dusky grey. Anterior wings as on the upper side, the black parts being of a russet hue. Posterior wings differ a little, the white part running down to the middle of the external edges, with a white spot at the upper corners. Margins of the wings entire. ODONESTIS? SERVULA. Plate XI. fig. 4. OrpER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycide, Steph. GeENus. ODONESTIS? Germar. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. OvonesTIs? ServuLA. Alis luteis, macula parva discoidali marginibusque externis tenué fuscis. (Expans. Alar, 4 unc.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Servula. Drury, Append. vol. 2. Hapirat: Madras. Upper Side. Antennz slightly pectinated. Tongue short. Head, thorax, and abdomen light yellowish sand-coloured. Wings yellow buff-coloured; the anterior having a small brown spot in the middle of each, and the external edges margined with brown. Posterior wings having a brown patch in the middle of each, with the external edges of the same colour. Under Side. Breast, legs, abdomen, and wings buff-coloured, immaculate. Margins of the wings entire. NOCTUA ANILIS. Plate XII. fig. 3. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FamiLy: Noctuide. Genus. Noctua, Auct. SUBGENUS. ——? Noctua ANILIS. Alis badio-fuscis ; strigis duabus obliquis, externa abbreviata, albis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Anilis, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Virginia. Upper Side. Antenne small, filiform. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark hair-coloured. Wings dark hair-coloured. Anterior having a narrow white line crossing them, about the middle, from the anterior to the posterior edges; between this and the tips is another short white streak placed on the anterior edge. Posterior wings immaculate. Cilia ash-coloured. Under Side. Palpi, breast, legs, and abdomen russet-coloured. Wings also russet-coloured, with some faint marks, occasioned by the white limes on the upper side appearing through. Margins of the wings entire. NEMEOPHILA FIGURATA. Plate XII. fig. 4. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SrEcTtion: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiide, Steph. GENUS. NEMEOPHILA, Stephens. Eyprepia p. Ochs. Chelonia p. God. NEMEOPHILA FIGURATA. Alis anticis nigris, fascia longitudinali duabus alteris convergentibus connexa, albis, posticis sanguineis margine maculaque externa nigris. (Expamns. Alar. 1 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) figurata, Drury, App. vol. 2. Pal. Bauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d Amer. Lep. pl. 24.f.4. 9. (Alis posticis nigris puncto rufo.) HABITAT: Virginia. Upper Side. Antenne dark brown and pectinated. Thorax cream-coloured and black. Abdomen black, the sides red. Anterior wings black; having a cream-coloured line running from the shoulders, 24, parallel to and at a small distance from the posterior edge, towards the lower corner; stopping at about one-third from the external edge, from whence near the end of this line arises two others, which run almost to the anterior edges. Posterior wings red in the middle; surrounded, except on the abdominal edges, by a broad black margin. Under Side. Palpi hairy and _ black. Breast, legs, and abdomen black. Wings as on the other side; but the colours are not so bright and distinct. Margins of the wings entire. SATURNIA EPIMETHEA. Plate XIII. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycide, Steph. GeENus. SAtTuRNIA, Schrank. Attacus, Germar. Phalena (Attacus), Linn. SATURNIA EPIMETHEA. Alis subfuscis striga communi subapicali alba, posticis acute angulatis, ocello disci fulvo margine nigro. Syn. Phalzena (Attacus) Epimethea, Drury, Append. vol. 2. Fab. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 414. No. 23. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2404. 472. Cramer, Ins. 15. tab. 176. f. A. Oliv. Ene. Méth. 5. 29. 21. Hapitat: New Calabar, Coast of Guinea. Upper Side. Antenne strongly pectinated; the extremities appearing like threads. Thorax light brown, tinged with red. Abdomen grey brown. Anterior wings light grey brown, tinged with red at the base; having a narrow dark-coloured bar verged with grey running from the anterior to the posterior edges, parallel and at a little distance from the external margin. Posterior wings grey brown, termi- nating behind in points like acute angles; a dark narrow bar, edged with white, crosses these wings from the upper corners to the abdominal edges, dividing them into two compartments; in the uppermost of which are placed two eyes, whose centres are yellow, surrounded with black irides edged with red, and which also are encircled with ash-coloured rings. Above these eyes the wings are dark-coloured, almost black; but next the body are of a reddish hue. Under Side. Legs black. Thorax and abdomen same colour as on the upper side. Wings nearly the same colour as on the upper side; the bars being plain and distinct, but the eyes are not observable here. DRYOCAMPA VIRGINIENSIS. Plate XIII. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Faminy: Bombycide, Steph. Genus. Dryocampa, Harris in Hitchcock's Report on the Geology, §c. of Massachusets (Amherst Mass. 1834. roy. 8yo.) DrRYOCAMPA VIRGINIENSIS. Alis cervinis, anticis puncto parvo discoidali albo, fasciique obliqua pallidiori. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 7 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) Virginiensis, Drury, Append. vol. 2. Phalena pellucida, Abbot § Smith Ins. Georg. t. 58? Phalzena Astynome? Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 43. 73. HABITAT: Virginia. Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark orange. Wings faint. fox- coloured ; immaculate, except the anterior ones, which have a faint light spot on each, about a third of 95 ~ an inch from the shoulders, and a faint line which runs from the tips to the middle of the posterior edges. Under Side. Legs, sides, thorax, and abdomen dark orange. Wings with a faint narrow bar crossing them near their external edges, dividing the wings into two partitions; the lower ones being of the same colour as on the upper side, but those above the bar are of a yellowish fox-colour. Margins of the wings entire. It is questionable whether this figure represents the Phalena senatoria or pellucida of Abbot and Smith, by whom the transformations of both species have been illustrated ; Smith citing Drury’s figure with doubt, as belonging to pellucida. I have much pleasure in adopting the present well-marked genus proposed by Dr. Thaddeus W. Harris, one of the most distinguished American entomologists, in the appendix to the work above referred to; and respecting which I am indebted to that gentleman for the following communi- cations :—‘ The male of Dryocampa senatoria, of Abbot and Smith, has the basal half of the antennx pectinated on both sides, and the apex simple, as in Bombyx (Cerocampa, Kirby ; Ceratocampa, Harris’s Cat.) regalis and imperialis ; and as they are described to be in the genus Zeuzera. The larve are naked, striped, rigid, with acute tubercles, and two thread-like horns on the second segment. They devour the leaves of forest trees, particularly oaks, and enter the earth to become pupx. ‘The edges of the segments of the pup are denticulated. On account of these peculiar characters, I have ventured to assign to this a new generical name ; under which will be included also Bombyces pellucida, and Stigma, Fabr., figured in Abbot and Smith’s Lepidopterous insects of Georgia; together with B. rubicunda, I. all of which are now found to inhabit Massachusets.” In addition to the characters mentioned by Dr. Harris, the peculiar form of the posterior wings of the males of these moths may also be noticed, and which are of a trian- gular form, somewhat like those of Erycina menetas (see vol. 3. pl. 8. fig. 3.), but extending to the extremity of the abdomen. This genus is not far removed, in its natural affinities, from that of Ceratocampa, (see vol. 1. pl. 9.) AEGOCERA AMABILIS. Plate XILI. fig. 3. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia? FAMILY: Sesiidee, Steph. GENus. McGoceRA, Latr. Boisduval. /SGoceRA AMABILIS. Alis anticis rufis, maculis (nigro marginatis) margineque interno, albidis ; posticis fulvis macula discoidali margineque postico nigris. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalawna (Noctua) Amabilis, Drury, App. vol. 2. #gocera Amabilis, Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lepid. pl. 10. B. f.6. HABirTaT: Coast of Guinea. Upper Side. Head brown. Antenne filiform. Thorax and abdomen yellow brown. Superior wings fine darkish red, with several yellow spots thereon of different shapes, each encircled with black ; the posterior and external edges having yellow margins. Posterior wings deep yellow, inclining to II E 26 orange, with a black oval spot near the middle of each. Along the external edges is a black margin, reaching from the upper to the abdominal corners; the upper edge being scolloped. Under Side. Legs, sides, thorax, and abdomen pale orange. Anterior wings entirely pale orange and dusky black, without any mixture of red, &c. Posterior wings as on the upper side; the colours being less distinct. Margins of the wings entire. TRIPH/NA MATERNA. Plate XIII. fig. 4. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAamiiy: Noctuide, Stephens. Genus. TRIPH®NA, Ochs. Treit. Steph. Phalena (Noctua), Linn. Drury. TRIPHENA MATERNA. Alis anticis grisescentibus aut luteis, fusco irroratis et undulatis, posticis fulvis, macula margineque (albo punctato) atris. Syn. Phalzena (Noctua) Materna, Linn. Syst. Nat. 11. 840.117. Drury, App. vol. 2. Noctua Materna, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.2. p. 16. No. 27. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2588. 117. Oliv. Ene. Meth. 8. 259.39. Noctua hybrida, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 593. 11. Hasirat: Bengal. Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Tongue spiral. Palpi yellow, blue at the tips. Head tinged with blue. Thorax olive. Abdomen yellow. Anterior wings light brown and shining; appearing of several colours according to the position they are held in. Posterior wings yellow, with a round black central spot. Margins black, beginning at the middle of the anterior edges, and ending at the abdo- minal corners where the margin is narrowest; having eight small white spots thereon, placed on the external edges. Under Side. "Thorax, abdomen, and sides yellowish ash-coloured. Anterior wings yellow; tips brown, and separated from the yellow by a black streak running from the lower corner to the anterior edge. Posterior wings coloured as on the upper side; the black margin being rather fainter. Margins of the wings dentated. EREBUS FLUCTUOSUS. Plate XIV. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Srctrron: Nocturna. FAMILy : Noctuide, Steph. Genus. Eresus, Latr. Thysania, Dalm. Noctua, Fabr. Eresus Fiuctuosus. Alis fuscis, fascia communi pallida, marginibus laté nigris interné dentatis, anticis ocello magno auriformi. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 1} lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) fluctuosa, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Head and thorax brown. ‘Tongue spiral. Wings dark hair- coloured, or russet brown; divided into two compartments by a clay-coloured line, which beginning at the anterior edges of the anterior near the middle, and crossing them and the posterior, meets at the extremity of the body: the inner compartment being brown, the outward one clay; which is again separated by an irregular waved line, beginning at the tips and ending at the abdominal corners. All the outward part is brown. ‘Two black spots are placed on the anterior wings next the anterior edges, and near the middle. 27 Under Side. Palpi distinct, and like bristles at their extremities. Breast, legs, and wings light brown. A row of cream spots, angularly shaped, are placed along the wings; the outward part being furnished with about twenty-eight small cream spots irregularly placed. Margins of the posterior wings dentated, of the anterior entire. According to Mr. Smeathman this species is easily disturbed during the day. It flies exceedingly rapid, and has a method of striking a leaf or bough at two or three feet distance from the place where it really settles. Whether this be done to break the violence of its motion, and enable it to settle without injury to its body; or for the purpose of deceiving its pursuers, is not easily ascertained ; it has, however, the latter, and probably both effects ; most of the locusts do this, for they certainly strike some branch with a good deal of violence just before they alight, the motion of which deceives the eyes and baffles the pursuer, GEOMETRA ARGENTATA. Plate XIV. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Nocturna, FAMILY : Geometridae, Steph. 9 GENUS. GEOMETRA, Auct. SUBGENUS. GEOMETRA ARGENTATA. Alis pallidé griseis, anticis fasciis duabus, posticis unica flavis, utrinque argenteo-mar- ginatis his ocello marginali obscuro. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Geometra) Argentata, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne filiform. Body grey. Wings pale yellowish grey. A narrow yellow bar rises near the middle of the anterior wings, which, crossing them and the posterior, ends a little below the body on the abdominal edges; another small bar crosses the anterior wings near the shoulders, both of them being verged with silver. A small dark spot, surrounded with silver, is also placed close to the external edges of the posterior wings; and above it is a yellowish patch reaching to the upper corners. Under Side. Wings pale light-coloured, almost white, immaculate. Margins of the wings entire. PETASIA? MINISTRA. Plate XIV. fig. 3. OrDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Famity: Nolodontide, Steph. GENUS. PgETASIA? Stephens. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. Perasta? MINIsTRA. Alis anticis rufescenti-fulvis, strigis quinque transversis, posticis pallidioribus 9. (Expans. AJar. 2 unc.) Syn. Phalena Noctua Ministra, Drury, App. vol. 2. Phalena Ministra, Abbot §& Smith Ins. Georg. t. 81. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 69. 155. HasiratT: New York. Upper Side. Antenne filiform. Head and thorax reddish brown. Abdomen clay-coloured. An- terior wings brown orange, with five small dark lines crossing from the anterior to the posterior edges. Posterior wings clay-coloured, fringed with orange brown. E2 28 Under Side. ‘Tongue indistinct. Breast and legs red brown. Abdomen and posterior wings clay- coloured. Anterior ones brown orange, without any marks or lines thereon. Wings a little dentated ; especially in the anterior wings. The larva of this insect is long, smooth, and shining, of a black colour, with eight longitudinal continuous yellow lines, with the base of the legs and a spot on the neck red. When alarmed it throws up its head and tail into the air. From the structure of the larva it is therefore nearly allied to Ptilophora and Petasia, Steph., and not to the buff tip-moth (Pygera bucephala). Its food, according to Abbot, consists of the Andromeda mariana, vulgarly called the male hackleberry, which grows round ponds and on the margins of running streams; it eats also several species of walnut and oak. One went into the ground on the 31st of July, and the moth came out the 23rd of August ; another went in the 8th of June, and came forth the 3rd of July. They likewise sometimes go into the ground in autumn, and come out in the spring. The whole brood of caterpillars feed together in society. Abbot also states, that when they eat walnut leaves they are always black, with white hairs ;* when their food is the oak, they are more yellow. HYDROCAMPA? NIVALIS. Plate XIV. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Srctrron: Nocturna. FAMILY: Pyralidw, Leach. Genus. HyprocamMpa? Latr. Cataclysta, Hubn. Steph. Phalena (Pyralis), Drury. HyprocaMPa? NiyAuis. Alis margaritaceo-albis, cilia anticarum fusca. Syn. Phalna (Pyralis) Nivalis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hapitat: New England. Upper Side. Antenne filiform and brown. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings white. ‘The latter of a fine glossy hue, and immaculate. Cilia of the anterior wings brown. Under Side. ‘Tongue spiral. All the parts on this side are of the same white glossy colour as on the upper. LIPARIS? RIVULOSA. Plate XIV. fig. 5. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTiIon: Nocturna. FamiLy: Arctiidae, Steph. Genus. Lirarts? Ochs. Phalena (Bombyx), Drury. Liparis? Rryunosa. Alis fuscis, strigis transversis undulatis pallidioribus et obscurioribus, anticis fascia lata centrali alteraque basali badiis. (Expans. Alar. 8 une.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) rivulosa, Drury, App. vol. 2. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 38. 54. (Bombyx r.) HABITAT: Surinam. Upper Side. Antenne pectinated. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings pale reddish brown, or * Neither in Abbot’s figure, nor in my specimens of this larva, is there any appearance of hair upon the body, and it cannot be supposed that a variation in the nature of the food could have the effect of clothing some specimens with hair whilst the rest are naked. CS) 9 fawn-coloured. The latter with several indented and waved lines, some being darker and some lighter than the general colour of the wings. On the anterior is a large chocolate patch, situated on the middle of the wings, and joining to the anterior edge; between which and the shoulders is another that is much smaller. Under Side. ‘Tongue obsolete. Palpi, breast, abdomen, and wings brown, as on the upper side; the latter immaculate, except a dark patch on each wing near the shoulders. Margins of the wings slightly dentated. NYMPHALIS ERITHONIUS. Plate XV. fig. 1, 2. OrpeER: Lepiduptera. Section: Diurna. FAmMiLy: Nymphalide, Svwains. Genus. Nympuatis, Latr. God. Papilio (Dan. Festivi), Linn. Drury. NyMPHALIs Mepon. Alis dentatis, supra fuscis ; anticis utrinque fascia obliqua lutea, apice albo ; posticis fascia violaceo-cerulescenti, singulis subtiis punctis tribus, (Expans. Alar. 8 unc. 7 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph.) Erithonius, Faubr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 82. No. 255, Latr. & God. Ene. Méth. ix. p- 390. No. 142. (Nymphalis Er.) Papilio (Dan. Festivi) Eupalus, Fubr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 48. No. 148. Papilio Harpalyce, Cram. pl. 145. fig. D. E. Papilio (Equ. Achiv.) Medon, Drury, App.vol. 2. (Exclus. Syn. Linn. § Fabr.) HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black, lighter at the tips. Head black. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings dark red brown, tipped with white; but next the shoulders of a purplish hue, with a dark yellow streak near the tips, extending obliquely from the anterior towards the external edge. Posterior wings also red brown; but towards the middle and shoulders of a purplish blue, which they reflect more or less according to the position they are held in. Under Side. Palpi and breast yellow. Anterior wings olive brown, tipped with white ; but along the external edges of a hazel colour, and near the shoulders having three round black spots on each. Posterior wings similar to the anterior, being of a brown olive, variegated, and clouded, with three small spots placed near the shoulders, as in the superior ones. All the wings are a little dentated. There are several African species closely allied to the present insect, which was re- garded by Drury as the Medon of Limneus. I have followed the Encyclopédie Métho- dique in rejecting this reference ; although it will be seen that the Linnean description of that insect, “‘alis supra nigris primoribus fascia lutea apiceque albo; posticis disco cceru- lescentibus,” does not disagree with the character of this insect. According to Mr. Smeathman this species was taken at some distance inland upon the continent of Africa ; adding, ‘‘ there are several Papiliones nearly of this colour, that is to say, with the upper sides of the wings having a changeable purple, and the under sides being inclinable to green, sometimes with marks of the most beautiful crimson. The differences between them arise so gradually, that he thinks them varieties of the same species, some, apparently very different, being found coupled together. They are all found congregating in the paths, and in the thick shade of a forest, ten or a dozen in a circle round a little puddle or moist spot, and seem to like the most gloomy places.” HESPERIA IPHIS. Plate XV. fig. 3, 4. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SecTIoN: Diurna. FAMILY: Hesperiide, Steph. Genus. Hesperta, Latr, God. Papilio (Pleb. Urbic.) Linn. Se. HespPerrIA Iputs. Alis supra viridi-atris; infra aureo-virescentibus venis margineque postico nigris, capite sanguineo. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc.) m YN. Papilio (Pleb. Urb.) Iphis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hesperia (Urb.) Jupiter, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 336. No.279. Ene. Meth. ix. p. 733. (Hesperia J.) Papilio Phidias, Cram. pl. 244. A. B. Hasrrat: Senegal, Gambia, Sierra Leone, Anamaboe, and the Bight of Benin, on the Coast of Africa. Upper Side. Antenne thickest in the middle. Head scarlet. Thorax and abdomen black. All the wings green brassy-coloured, the nerves black, those parts that surround the body being of a raven black. The tips of the anterior wings orange-coloured. Under Side. Palpi scarlet and hairy, the extremities being small and black. Breast, legs, sides, and abdomen black. Anus scarlet, Wings of a yellower brassy hue than on the upper side. Superior wings tipped with orange, but next the body greenish black; the same colour occupying the external edges of the posterior wings. The male differs in having the upper side entirely of a fine raven black without the orange tips; the under side is also darker, and less brassy than the female. Drury states, that when this insect is at rest it sits with its wings erect; and Mr. Smeathman considers it “ very remarkable that this imsect, which seems an inter- mediate species between Papilio and Phalna, associates with the little assemblages of Nymphalis Erithonius, and is frequently seen sipping water with them.” NYMPHALIS (LIMENITIS) SIBILLA. Plate XLV. fig. 1, 2. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympuHatis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Linn. Drury. SuseENus: Limenitis, Fabr. Steph. Naiades, Hiibn. NyYMPHALIS (LIMENITIS) SIBILLA. Alis subdentatis supra atro-ceeruleis ; fascia maculari alba ; posticis subtus basi cinereo-ccerulescente immaculatis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio Sibilla, Linn. Syst. Nat. ii. 781. N. Camilla, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 408. and of the German Lepidopterists. Papilio (Nymph.) Sibilla var. Drury. Hasirat: Smyrna (Drury). Upper Side. Antenne black. Head, thorax, and abdomen black. Between the eyes are four small white spots. Wings raven black, tinged with green. Anterior with ten white spots, of different sizes, placed in various parts; four being next the anterior edge, near the middle of the wings, and divided only by the nerves. Posterior with a row of long white spots, placed together, running from the middle of the anterior edges, and ending a little above the abdominal corners, divided by the nerves. A range of small black spots, edged with grey, runs parallel with the external edges of the wings, from the tips to the abdominal corners, where the last spot is encircied with orange. 31 Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, and abdomen grey. Anterior wings, next the body, grey; the re- maining parts being dusky olive, with some dark redstreaks placed on various parts; the white spots being very distinct on this side. Posterior wings, at the base, light grey; extending almost to the row of white spots, which are seen on this side as well as on the upper. The remaining parts are dusky olive, with two rows of faint dark red spots running along the external edges. A range of small black spots runs parallel with the external edges of all the wings. All the wings are dentated. There is a diversity of opinion amongst the German and English Lepidopterists, relative to the names of this species and the English White Admiral, to which latter Haworth, Stephens, &c. give the name of Camilla, but which [hger, Hubner, &c. term Sibilla. I have adopted the former nomenclature, although it will be seen that the figure of Drury, which is the Sibilla of the English nomenclature, exhibits a red spot at the anal angle, which Curtis considers as the most satisfactory mark of distinction between the two species. (Brit. Ent. p. 124.) PAMPHILA METIS. Plate XVI. fig. 3, 4. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna, Latr. FAMILY: Hesperiide, Steph. Genus. PAampuita, Fabr. Hesperia p. Latr. § God. Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Linn. PAMPHILA Metis. Alis anticis utrinqué posticisyue supra nigro-fuscis, maculis fulyis, plurisque punctiformibus ; alis posticis subtis brunneo-fuscis immaculatis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 1 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Metis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 792.245. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 329. No. 249. (Hesperia Th.) Pap. Metis, Cramer, pl. 162. f. G. U Lac} Hapirar: Cape of Good Hope. Upper Side. Antenne brown, yellow beneath. Head hairy. Thorax and abdomen brown; the extremity of the latter yellow. Wings dark brown. Anterior having four orange spots, two of which next the body are double. Posterior with a row of six orange marginal, and two discoidal spots. Under Side. Tongue black. Palpi orange. Legs, breast, and abdomen brown. Wings coloured as on the upper side. The anterior having five orange spots, that next the body being long and double. The posterior immaculate. Margins of the wings entire. NYMPHALIS OPIS, var. y. Plate XVI. fig. 5, 6. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIonN: Diurna. FAmMILy: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. NymPpHALtis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis), Linn. NympuHalLis Opis. Alis supra fuscis, fascid communi caracteribusque ochraceis; anticis striga punctorum alborum. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Crithea, Drury, App. vol.2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 132. No. 406. Cramer, pl. 16. f. 5. 6. Nymphalis Opis, Ene. Méth. ix. p. 381. No. 104. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 131. No. 405. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. 32 Upper Side. Antenne brown. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark brown, with four yellowish lines crossing them. Anterior wings dark purplish brown, having many marks and spots of different shapes and sizes placed thereon of a deeper shade; four being round, and gradually diminishing in size, and placed along the external edges; two others also, that are small, are situated at the shoulders. Posterior wings dark brown; the upper parts along the anterior edges dull yellow, reaching almost to the thorax. Two indented ash-coloured lines cross these wings; one beginning at the upper corners running circularly, and meeting below the body; the other running in a straight line above the first, and meeting a little above the extremity of it. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and abdomen ash-coloured. Legs yellowish. Anterior wings dull yellow, but next the tips brown, where there are some greyish spots and marks; in the centre are two small round spots, almost black; and along the anterior edges, next the shoulders, are some other brown spots variously and irregularly shaped. Posterior wings entirely dull yellow, immaculate ; the margins of these being a little dentated, the anterior ones entire. The authors of the Encyclopédie Méthodique consider the insect here figured, and that represented in Pl. XVII. fig. 5, 6, as varieties of the same species. Mr. Smeathman states, that this species is found in the same gloomy recesses, and often congregated together in the same manner as Nymphalis Erithonius, figured in Pl. XV. BIBLIS ILITHYIA. Plate XVII. fig. 1, 2. OrverR: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus. Brewis, Fabricius, Latr. § God. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. Breuis InirHyra. Alis rotundatis denticulatis fulvis fascia baseos margineque fulvo maculato nigris ; posticis subtus fasciis duabus albis transversis nigro-punctatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Ilithyia, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabricius Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p.131. No. 403. Cramer, pl. 213. fig. A. B. §.—214.C. D. 9. Pap. Polinice, Cramer, pl. 375. fig. G. H. (var-) Biblis Ilithyia, Lne. Méth. ix. p. 327. Hapitat: Senegal, and Coast of Africa. Upper Side. Antenne brown. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Wings fine deep or brown orange. The anterior deeply verged with black along the external and anterior edges; the former having a row of oblong orange spots running parallel with them, which is continued, together with the deep black margin, along the posterior wings to the abdominal corners; the spots being larger along these wings than on the anterior. A black, irregular, and indented line rises near the middle of the anterior wings, and ends at the posterior edges. Under Side. Palpi and breast orange. Legs brown. Anterior wings orange ; the external edges with a small, narrow, white indented margin. Four small white spots are placed near the tips, that next the anterior edge being least; and along the same edge are several other long black spots, margined with white. Posterior wings with a rew of white crescents placed along the external edges; over this is an orange bar, next is a row of cream-coloured spots almost round, being seven in number, with a row of yery small ones above them, consisting of fourteen; above this is an orange bar, with a cream one over it, being divided by a narrow black line. Above these are two other bars; the first orange, the next cream colour, separated by long narrow black spots ; the colour of these wings, next the body, being orange. All the wings are dentated. PIERIS CALYPSO. Plate XVII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. FAmriLy: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. PrxERIs, Schrank. Latr. God. Papilio (Dan. Cand.), Linn. Drury. Preris CALypso. Alis rotundatis subintegris albis extimo nigro; posticis subtus flavis seu nitenti-grisescen- tibus, limbo punctorum nigrornm serie duplici, maculis flavis interjectis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Calypso, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 191. No. 592. Cramer, pl. 154. C.D. (¢.) E. F. (@) Ene. Méthod. ix. p. 130. (Pieris C.) Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. 504. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne brown. Thorax and abdomen nearly black. Wings white; margined ex- ternally with dusky black. The anterior edges of the anterior ones are also margined with black, from the middle of which runs a black line to a round spot placed on the middle of the wings; the mixture of the colours on these wings somewhat resembles the profile of a human face. Posterior wings having a round spot placed near the middle of each, with several fainter ones along the external edges, and two stronger ones near the upper corners. Under Side. Palpi and legs black. Breast ash-coloured. Anterior wings as on the upper side; three oblong yellow spots being placed at the tips, and four round white ones along the external edges. Posterior wings much tinged with yellow, having a yellow margin running from the abdominal to the upper corners along the external edges, appearing like crescents placed on a row; above this is a row of seven square black spots placed circularly with the margin, and in the centre is a conspicuous round black spot. Mr. Smeathman states that this insect loves chiefly to sport in the sunshine. It is therefore very difficult to catch at that time of the day when the sun is powerful; but towards sunset it 1s more easily caught, when it congregates in great numbers, in parti- cular spots most sheltered from the breeze. NYMPHALIS LAURE. Plate XVIIL. fig. 5, 6. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna, FAmiILy: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Nymphalis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. NYMPHALIS LAURE. Alis supra nigris; fascid media anticarum fulva interrupta ; posticarum alba, et a latere ceruleo nitida. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Nymph. Phal.) Laure, Drury, App. vol. 2. Papilio (Nymph.) Laura, Fabr. Ent. Syst.111. 1. p. 1384. Wo. 415. Nymphalis Laure, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 376. HABITAT: The Bay of Honduras, Drury. TI 1p 34 Upper Side. Antenne brown. Thorax and abdomen brown. Anterior wings fine ochre brown ; having two faint, dark, indented lines running along the external edges. An oblong yellow spot is placed on the anterior margins near the tips. Three others, one being small, are situated near the middle of the wings; beginning at the anterior edges and reaching almost to the posterior, where it becomes white. Posterior wings ochre brown; but when held in a certain position exhibiting a fine purplish blue. A white bar crosses these wings obliquely from the middle of the anterior edges, and meets a little below the body. Two indented black lines are placed on the external edges, running from the upper to the abdominal corners, where are placed two small crescent-like blue spots or lines, one double, the other single. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and legs white. Anterior wings having some short black irregular lines placed cross-ways, and some brown orange marks near the shoulders. Three small triangular black spots are placed at a little distance from the external edges, near the lower corners; above which is a brownish patch resembling polished metal. Posterior wings entirely of the colour of polished metal, except the external edges which are ash colour; and a white bar running from the middle of the anterior edges to the abdominal corners. All the wings are deeply angulated. Latreille and Godart question whether this be not the female of Nymphalis Laurentia, of which they had only seen the males. NYMPHALIS CADMA. Plate XVIII. fig. 1, 2. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmiLy : Nymphalide, Leach. Genus. NympuHA.is, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. NyMPHALIS CADMA. Alis denticulatis luteis, anticis utrinque area apicis nigra, maculis duabus flayescentibus ; posticis subtis ocellis duobus cceruleis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Gemm.) Cadma, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabricius Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 241. No. 751. (Papilio Sat. C.) Ene. Méth.ix. p. 421. (Nymphalis C.) HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne black. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Wings tawny yellow. The anterior having the extreme parts, near the tips, black; with two yellowish spots thereon, joining the anterior edges; also a round black spot situated at the lower corners on the posterior edges. Posterior wings immaculate, except a black streak placed on the anterior edges next the upper corners. Under Side. Tongue black. Breast, legs, and abdomen ash-coloured. The superior wings marked and coloured as on the upper side, but less distinctly. Posterior wings tawny orange, having a broad ash-coloured bar crossing them from the anterior to the abdominal edges. On this bar are placed two eyes, with double pupils; the lower one being of a fine blue with a yellow iris; the upper one, next the anterior edges, blue and black, with a brown iris. Margins of the wings dentated. VANESSA TEREA. Plate XVIII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTron: Diurna. FamtLy: Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus, Vanessa, Fabr. Latr. God. Steph. §c. Papilio(Nymph.Gemm.), Drury, Se. VANESSA TEREA. Alis dentatis supra fuscis, fascid communi fulva linea nigra divisa; anticis subfalcatis punctis apicalibus albis, posticis intus subeaudatis, ocello anali gemino. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Nymph. Gemm.) Terea, Drury, App. vol. 1,2. Fab. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 92. No.288. Cramer, pl. 138. fig. E. F. Encyl. Méth. ix. p. 314. (Vanessa T.) HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen greenish brown. The shoulders of all the wings surrounded by a broad patch of a yellowish brown; joining to this is a yellow clay-coloured bar, rising near the anterior edges. The remaining part of the wings is occupied by a dusky black border, situated along the external edges; having some very small white spots thereon, whereof four are placed near the tips. Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, and sides pale clay-coloured. Anterior wings pale clay-coloured ; having three irregular indented bars crossing them, from the anterior to the posterior edges. Along the external edges is a dark cloud, whereon are four or five exceeding small white eyes, and a small white spot like an arrow’s point near the tips. Posterior wings pale clay-coloured, clouded along the external edges, where there are three exceeding small white eyes. A small reddish line crosses these wings from the abdominal corners to the middle of the anterior edges. All the wings are dentated ; the anterior being a little angulated. This butterfly, according to Mr. Smeathman, delights to sport in the sunshine, and is frequently found in company with Pieris Calypso about cultivated spots, as old rice planta- tions and cassava grounds. NYMPHALIS OPIS. Plate XVII. fig. 5, 6. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalide, Sw. Genus. Nympua.ts, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis), Linn. NympuHatts Opts. Alis supra fuscis, fascid communi caracteribusque ochraceis ; anticis striga punctorum alborum. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Opis. Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, pl. 138. fig. A. B. Encycl. Méth. ix. p. 381. Wo. 104. (Nymphalis O.) HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne brown. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown. Wings dark brown, or choco- late colour, formed into divisions by lines of a yellowish colour crossing and intersecting them in various directions. A yellow bar rises on the anterior wings, near the middle, and crossing them and the poste- rior, meets at the extremity of the body. Close to where the bar rises on the anterior wings are six very small white spots, placed between the nerves, reaching to the anterior edges. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and sides greyish brown. Anterior wings greyish, clouded with red brown, particularly at the tips; on the middle of the external edges is a patch of yellow, and on the F2 36 middle of the posterior edges is a patch of a pale clay colour, with six small white spots. Posterior wings having a third part, next the shoulders, greyish and dark brown ; the remainder pale clay, with a reddish brown patch next the upper corners; from whence runs an undulated brown line to the abdominal edges at the extremity of the body, and another fainter along the external edges. The wings are dentated. NYMPHALIS C/ENIS ¢. Plate XIX. fig. 1, 2. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SecTIon: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Nympuatis, Schrank. Latr. God. Boisd. Papilio (Dan. Cand.), Linn, se. NyMPHALIS Cants. Alis subrotundatis albis, margine postico et ante hanc marginem linea angulata maculisque nigris ; subtus omnibus strig& communi brunned. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Canis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Encycl. Meéth. ix. p. 142. No. 85. (Pieris C.) Nymphalis amphiceda, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 113. No. 348. 9. Cramer, pl. 146. D.E. Ene. Meéth. ix. 384, 113. Hasirat: Calabar, Africa. Upper Side. Antenne black. Eyes red brown. Thorax greenish. Abdomen sooty brown. Wings white, haying a narrow border running along the external edges of a soot brown; over which is an indented, angulated, black line, appearing in some places like two points of arrows united. Along the anterior edges of the anterior wings also runs an exceeding narrow black line. Under Side. Palpi, breast, sides, and legs white. Wings white; being divided as it were by a brown line, which, beginning near the middle of the anterior edges of the anterior wings, and crossing them and the posterior, meets near the abdominal corners. The inner part of the division having many brown lines thereon, shaped like angles, circles, kc. A faint angulated brown line runs along the ex- ternal edges of all the wings; whereon are some short faint brown streaks placed on the upper angles. The wings are a little dentated. NYMPHALIS MELICERTA. Plate XIX. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FamiLty : Nymphalide, Swains. GreNus. NympHatis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Linn. Drury. NYMPHALIS MELICERTA. Alis denticulatis utrinque fusco-nigris, fascia lata strigisque albis, anticarnm basi macula cuneiformi alba. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Melicerta, Drury, App.vol. 2. Herbst. Pap. tab. 238. f. 5. 6. Nymphalis Melinoe, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 432. No. 261. Papilio Blandina, Cramer, pl. 237. fig. E. F. Hasirat: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings sooty brown, with two white narrow lines running along the external edges. From the shoulders runs a long white streak to the middle of the wing, and a small one at the end of it; where are also six other white streaks placed transversely, one of which is very small. Posterior wings sooty brown, having the two narrow lines continued along the external edges from the anterior wings. A broad straight white bar crosses these 37 wings, being a little indented on the lower side ; beginning at the anterior edges near the upper corners, and meeting at the body on the abdominal edges. Under Side. Palpi, breast, sides, and legs ash-coloured; all the white parts appearing broader and larger on this side than on the upper; the lines along the external edges are broader, and the dark parts of the wings have a few whitish marks on them that are not seen on the other side. The wings are a little dentated. The Melicerta of Fabricius and the Encyclopédie Méthodique appears to be a distinct species, having the base of the anterior wings spotted with white. I have restored Drury’s name to the present insect, as it has the priority. ANTHOCARIS ARETHUSA. Plate XIX. fig. 5, 6. OrveER: Lepidoptera. Sxctron: Diurna. FAMILY: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. AnTHocaARIS, Boisduval. Pieris, Latr.§ God. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Drury. ANTHOCARIS ARETHUSA. Alis rotundatis integerrimis albidis; supra anticis apice maculaque, posticis striga incurva punctisque marginalibus fuscis ; anticarum subtus apice fulvo. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 10 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Arethusa, Drury, Append. vol. 2. Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lepidopt. 1. p. 582. (Anthocaris A.) Pieris Amytis, Zne. Méth. ix. p. 123. (Exclus Syn. Crameri.) Pieris Evippe, 9. Enc. Méth. Sup. p. 805. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne brown. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings white, brown at the base; having a small black round spot near the centre of each ; the tips are dark brown, occupying a third of the wings; near the middle of the posterior edges is a brown patch, and a small round spot at the lower corners. Posterior wings white, but clouded a little near the body. Along the external edges are placed five brown spots, that next the upper corners being double: also a brown line, like an obtuse angle, begins on the anterior edges, and ends just below the body. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and legs ash-coloured. Anterior wings white, whereof the tips are orange-coloured, verged with yellow; on each wing are two black spots, one being very small and answering to that on the upper side; the other larger, and placed near the posterior edges. Posterior wings pale yellow, with an exceeding small spot, surrounded with orange colour, placed near the middle of each; the brown obtuse angle appears faintly on this side, but of an orange colour. All the wings are entire. CALLIMORPHA? SANGUIFLUA. Plate XX. fig. 1, 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Famity: Arctiidze, Stephens. GreNos. CaLLimorPHA? Latr. SUBGENUS: 2 Phaleena (——?), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? SANGUIFLUA. Allis nigris, antieis albo et flavo punctatis nervisque posticis sanguineis ; posticis nigris margine cceruleo 4 albo-punctatis. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 13 lin.) Syn. Phalena (——) Sanguiflua, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Surinam. 38 Upper Side. The head is wanting. Thorax blueish black. Abdomen very dark blue, with five small white spots on each side. Anterior wings black, with a number of small spots dispersed all over them, whereof five next the body are yellow, the rest white. The nerves, from the middle to the extre- mities of the wings of a dark red, or crimson colour. Posterior wings at the base of a blueish black, but along the external parts deep mazarine blue; whereon are placed twelve faintish white spots. Under Side. Nearly corresponds with the upper, except in the number of spots, which are more numerous ; some being surrounded with blue, those next the external edges being double. The crimson colour on the ribs of the superior wings is wanting on this side. All the wings are entire. Notwithstanding the imperfect state of this insect, it is evident that it is nearly allied to many other species figured by Drury (including those represented in Pl. 11. fig. 4., Pl. 6. fig. 4., Pl. 11. fig. 3.), and which appear to form the connecting links between the aberrant Sphingide (Zygenide) and the Arctiide. The smgular neuration of the upper wings of this insect is nearly similar to that of a remarkable Indian species, which I have described and figured in Mr. Royle’s work on the Natural History of the Himalaya. SPILOSOMA EGLE. Plate XX. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiide, Steph. GeENus. Sprnosoma, Steph. Arctia, Latr. Eyprepia p. Ochs. Phalzena (Noctua), Drury. Sprnosoma EGuLe. Alis griscis immaculatis; abdomine luteo, maculis dorsalibus nigris. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 10 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) Egle, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: New York. Upper Side. Antenne grey, slightly pectinated. Head grey. Neck cream-coloured. Thorax grey. Abdomen yellow, with seven small black spots placed along the middle. Wings grey ash-coloured, immaculate. Under Side. Palpi small. Tongue spiral. Abdomen pale yellow. Wings grey-coloured on this side, immaculate. Margins of the wings entire. NOCTUA CHERA. Plate XX. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAmMILy: Noctuide, Steph. Genus. Noctua SuBGENUS. —— Noctua CugErA. Alis griseo-badiis, anticis fascia irregulari longitudinali (cum marginibus externis et posticis) parallela fusea. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 5 lin.) Syn. Phalzna (Noctua) Chera, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Surinam. Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish russet. Wings coloured nearly as the preceding insect. The anterior having a dark brown irregular line running near the posterior and external edges to the anterior near the tips. Posterior wings immaculate. 39 Under Side. All the parts on this side are of the same colour as the upper, without any marks whatever on them. Margins of the wings entire. I have placed this insect in the family Noctuide with doubt, as it seems to have some resemblance with Galleria Mellonella. NYMPHALIS JACINTHA. Plate XXI. fig. 1, 2. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympuHatis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis Phal.), Drury. NYMPHALIS JAcINTHA. Alis dentatis fuscis, anticis maculis albo-cceruleis omnibusque strigé punctorum, fascia intiis crenata, lunnlisque apicalibus albidis. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Jacintha, Drury, App. vol.2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 111. No. 342. 9? Papilio N. Liria, Fabr. Ent. Syst.111. 1. p. 126. 385. 6? Ene. Meth. ix. p. 395. (Nymphalis Liria). Papilio Perimale, Cramer, pl. 65. fig. C. D. pl. 67. fig. B. Hapitat: Bombay (Drury). Upper Side. Antenne black; having two small white spots placed at the base, and three others behind them. Thorax and abdomen blackish brown. Anterior wings, at the base, very dark brown, tinctured with liver colour, but at the external edges lighter, and of an orange tinge; having six small white spots placed parallel with the edge, but at a small distance from it. Near the middle of these wings are four small blue spots, when the insect is held in a particular direction. Posterior wings darkest at the base, but the other parts are of an olive brown; the external edges are fringed with white, having a row of cream-coloured crescents above, and another row of cream spots above that, placed two and two, with seven small white spots placed above the whole. All the wings are dentated. Under Side. Legs brown. Thighs white. Breast and abdomen whitish. Wings brown olive, darkest next the body, with the same cream-coloured spots as on the upper side, but a little fainter. NYMPHALIS PERSEIS. Plate XXI. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalide, Swans. Genus. NympHA.is, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis Phal.), Drury. NYMPHALIS PERSEIS. Alis dentatis, utrinque nigris disco communi testaceo ; anticis maculis duabus fasciaque, posticis punctis marginalibus ochraceis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymphalis Phal.) Perseis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Herbst. tab. 137. fig. 5. 6. Papilio (Nymph.) Persea, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 137. No. 423. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 391. HAsiratT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen black, spotted with white. Anterior wings black, the tips edged with white; two pale lemon-coloured spots are situated in the centre of the wings, one being long, the other round ; between which and the tips is a long lemon streak, extending from the anterior almost to the external edges; a large patch of a dull red is also placed on the hinder part of the wings, extending along the posterior edges from the shoulders almost to the lower corners. Posterior 4.0 wings dull red-coloured, bordered with black, whereon are seven small white spots placed along the external edges, and reaching from the upper to the abdominal corners. All the wings are dentated. Under Side. Palpi yellow. Breast white. Legs brown. Thighs white. Anterior wings marked as on the upper side, but the colours are much duller. Posterior wings dirty red, bordered with black, whereon are eight white spots, larger than those on the upper side; the colours of the whole being much duller and fainter than on that side. ALCIS SCOLOPACEA. Plate XXII. fig. 1. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SEctron: Nocturna. FamrLy: Geometride, Steph. Genus. Aucis, Curtis. Boarmia, Treit. Phaleena (Noctua), Drury. ALCIS SCOLOPACEA. Alis dentatis griseis, fusco atomosis, strigisque dentatis et undulatis communibus albidis et fuscis. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 5 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Seolopacea, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne filiform. Thorax, abdomen, and wings brownish grey; the latter varied with dark indented brown streaks and lines, contrasted with white and ash colour, crossing them from the anterior to the posterior and abdominal edges. Under Side. Legs, sides, abdomen, and wings yellow wainscot-coloured. About half the anterior ones, from the tips towards the shoulders, are marked with faint dark browr lines and streaks. Posterior wings having a faintish dark brown cloud, situated near the upper corners. All the wings are deeply dentated. CALLIMORPHA ? MARGINATA. « Plate XXII. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEection: Nocturna. FAmiLy: Arctiide, Steph. Genus. CALtimorpHa? Latr. Phalena (Bombyx), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? MARGINATA. Alis anticis fusco-nigris, margine antico baseos luteo, posticis atris basi macula discoidali, punctisque marginalibus, ccerulescenti albis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalzna (Bombyx) marginata, Drury, App. vol.2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne pectinated. Head black. Neck yellow. ‘Tongue distinct. ‘Thorax and abdomen black; the latter having two rows of grey spots placed along the upper side of it, and reaching towards the anus, which is yellow. Anterior wings deep black, the anterior edges next the shoulders bemg yellow. Posterior wings sooty black, with a whitish cloud next the shoulders, and a white spot near the centre of each; a row of whitish spots are also placed along the external edges, which become fainter as they approach the upper corners. Under Side. Breast, sides, legs, and abdomen black. All the wings are the same; the anterior ones being edged with yellow next the shoulders, and two faint grey spots near the middle; a small whitish streak is also placed on the posterior ones, next the abdominal edges, about a quarter of an inch from the shoulders, where is a small yellow spot on each wing. Margins of the wings entire. VENILIA? SOSPETA. Plate XXII. fig. 3. OrveER: Lepidoptera. SEecTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Geometride, Steph. Genos. VENILIA? Duponchel, Stephens. Macaria p., Curtis. VENILIA? SospetA. Alis flavis; anticis punctis duobus parvis discoidalibus maculisque tribus marginalibus ; posticis macula unica versus angulum ani, brunneis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Sospeta, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne filiform. Head pale yellow. Eyes dark brown. Tongue spiral. ‘Thorax, abdomen, and wings pale yellow. On the posterior edges of the anterior wings are placed two faint brown streaks; one, which is smallest, being about a quarter of an inch from the shoulders, the other the same distance from the lower corners; about the same distance from the tips, on the anterior edges, is placed another very small one. Posterior wings having likewise two of these faint spots, one on the anterior, the other on the abdominal edges. Under Side. Sides, breast, and abdomen pale yellow. Legs brown and yellow. Wings pale yellow, with the same spots and marks as on the upper side, but more distinct. The wings are a little angulated. EREBUS? OPIGENA. Plate XXII. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Noeturna. FAmMILy: Noctuidae, Steph. Genus. EreEsus? Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. EREBUS? OPIGENA. Alis angulatis badio-fuscis, strigis nonnullis undulatis et dentatis communibus obscurio- ribus. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Opigena, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne filiform. Head dark brown. Neck ash colour. Palpi long and greyish, the extremities being black. ‘Tongue spiral. Thorax, abdomen, and wings dark russet or grey brown ; the latter having some faint dark indented lines crossing the middle of them, from the anterior to the posterior and abdominal edges. The tips of the anterior wings terminate in an obtuse angle. Under Side. Breast, sides, abdomen, legs, and wings very dark brown. A dark narrow line begins at the anterior edge of the superior wings, about a quarter of an inch from the tips, and crossing them and the posterior ones ends at the abdominal edges, just below the body; dividing each wing into two compartinents, that above the line being a degree darker than that below it; in the centre of each of these divisions is placed a faint black spot, and along the external edges are several of a smaller size, and equally faint. Margins of the wings entire. Il G URANIA RHIPHEUS. Plate XXIII. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIOoN: Crepuscularia? FamiLy: Uraniide. Genus. Urania, Fabr. (Syst. Gloss.) Latr. Cydimon, Dalm. (Prodr. Mon. Castniz.) Leilus & Rhipheus, Swainson Zool. Illustr. UrAnIA RuIPHeEvs. Alis nigris, anticis utrinque lineolis transversis fascidque media bifid’ aureo viridibus, posticis area anali cuprea violaceo micanti nigroque maculata. (Expans. Alar. 4 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Troj.) Rhipheus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Esper. Pap. Exot. t. 21. f. 1. 2. Rhipheus dasycephalus, Swainson Zool. Illust. N. Ser. pl. 131. Hapitar: China (Drury). Bengal (Cramer). Coromandel ( Fabricius). Madagascar (Enc. Méth.). Upper Side. “The antenne are black, and knobbed at their extremities.” Eyes dark brown. Thorax and abdomen black. The ground of the anterior wings is a lovely deep green, marked or striped all over with irregular streaks of a deep black, almost all of which run in a direction from the anterior to the posterior edges. Posterior wings, next the body, black; but towards the anterior edges are of a fine light blue green, clouded with black. The other parts, next the abdominal and external edges, are of a curious, deep, blood-red, shining with gold, and spotted with black. Under Side. Palpi grey. Breast and abdomen ash-coloured. Wings light sea-green, clouded or marked as on the upper side with black. Posterior wings, next the body, of a most brilliant golden green, with small spots of black, which green softens into a fine purple, from that into a crimson, then into a blood-red, and lastly to an orange; which colours occupy the greater part of these wings: that part which lies next the upper corners being ofa fine blue green, clouded with black; all the colours on this side have a rich glow of gold, and appear changeable, according to the position in which the light strikes on them; from the abdominal corner runs a narrow black border along the external edge, the width of three membranes, stopping at the angle, and communicating with a large black spot situated near the abdominal edge. “The whole exhibiting the most beautiful colours I ever saw united in one insect.” The splendid insect, from which these figures were taken, has been considered by most Lepidopterists to have been in a mutilated and mended state; having the head, concealed palpi, and clavate antenne of a true Papilio, and the posterior wings nearly truncated at the lower part. These authors have supposed that the insect was a specimen of the Papilio Rhipheus of Cramer (pl. 385. fig. A. B. Leilus orientalis, Swainson Zool. Hlustr. N. Ser. pl. 130.), in which the head and antennz are similar to those of Nyctalemon Orontes, figured in the first volume of this work, and the posterior wings are termi- nated by three tails. Mr. Swainson has however adopted a different opinion, figuring Drury’s insect under the name of Rhipheus Dasycephalus, and Cramer’s under that of Leilus Orientalis; considering that this view of the subject ‘ will clear up one of the most intricate and perplexing questions that has hitherto impeded the natural arrangement of the Linnean Papiliones and even the entire Lepidoptera.” Drury’s insect exhibiting the nervures of Urania, and the head, &c. of Papilio, is thus considered as establishing as close an affinity as can possibly be imagined between Papilio and Leilus (i. e. the Rhipheus of Cramer). It is true that there are many Lepidopterous insects which, on a 43 casual glance, appear identical, but which belong to distinct groups, especially distinguished by the neuration of their wings, but when we consider the almost perfect identity, in the very peculiar markings and colours, of these two supposed distinct insects, the identity in the nerves of their wings ;* the shght scruple which the old collectors had in patching up their insects, and the truncation of the hind wings in Drury’s figure, which may be exactly imitated by placing a slip of paper over the tails of perfect tailed specimens of Rhipheus, I think we are authorised in rejecting, without hesitation, the views of Mr. Swainson. That this group of insects is one of the most interesting amongst the Lepidoptera, and at the same time exceedingly difficult, with respect to its natural relations, cannot be denied. Modern authors, Mr. Swainson observes, have been unfortunate in their location of this group, of course alluding to its beg placed by Latrielle in the family Hesperiide. Mr. Swainson, however, is not less unfortunate in his introduction of it into the family Papilionide, with which the structure of the fore legs is said peculiarly to rank it. This character, nevertheless, together with its day-flying habits and brilliant colours, are the only points im which an affinity can be traced between the Papilionide and Uraniide. But the structure of the hind legs (having spurs in the middle, as well as at the tips of the tibie), and of the nerves of the wings, antenne, and palpi, all exhibit a very slight degree of rela- tionship with Papilio. Mr. Swainson has, indeed, endeavoured to make the affinity more evident by introducing Papilio Curius, Fabr. as a subgenus (Leptocircus) in the genus Leilus (or Urania), but the relationship between these is of the slightest and most unsatis- factory kind. Mr. Newman has suggested another view of the affinities of this group. In his sketch of the circular distribution of the Lepidoptera,t he has introduced into the But- terfly circle, the genera Coronis and Urania, the last forming the connecting link with the Geometridee, by Leach’s genus Ourapteryx, or the Swallow-tail Moth. The whole struc- ture of the latter insect indicates, however, most clearly that the relation is but an analogical one. Had, indeed, the observations of M. Sganzin,t relative to the transformations of Urania Rhipheus been confirmed, this would certainly have been its more appropriate locality, its caterpillar beg said by him to be a semi-looper, and its chrysalis to be naked, suspended by the tail, and girt round the centre. But the elaborate memoir of Mr. MacLeay,{ upon the habits and changes of Urania Fernandin, prove most clearly that the larva closely resembles that of Agarista ;|| and that the pupa, as in that genus, is inclosed in a cocoon. Now this latter character exists in some species of Hesperia. In these, however, the chrysalis is still attached by its tail. Mr. MacLeay does not mention whether such is the case in Urania; but since his return from Cuba he has had the kind- ness to shew me the cocoon, and to inform me that the chrysalis is loose. This character, * Mr. Swainson’s figure of Leilus orientalis is incorrect in this respect. + Sphinx Vespiformis, an Essay, table opposite p. 31. ¢ Anomalie du Genre Urania par M. Boisduval Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1834, p. 248. § Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. vol. i. || Figured by Lewin in his Lepidopt. of New Holland, and republished by Guérin Icon. Régne. An. Ins. pl. 83. fig. 2. G2 44 therefore, with the entire structure of the imago, removes it from the Diurnal Lepidoptera, and associates it most satisfactorily with the Hesperi-sphinges of Latrielle, especially Agarista and Coronis, which last is very near Urania Lunus. Thus the situation proposed for these insects by Latreille, between Hesperia and Agarista, &c. is found to be most fortunate ; Mr. Swainson himself admitting a relationship with the Hesperiide, by calling them the ‘‘ Hesperian” type of the Papilionide. They also appear to have some relation with Erebus. ‘The original specimen here figured is stated by Mr. Drury to have been in the possession of Captain May, of Hammersmith, when the drawing was made. It is now in all probability destroyed, and cannot be traced. THECLA PAN. Plate XXIII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAmILy: Lycenide, Leach. Genus. THECLA, Fabr. (Syst. Gloss.) Polyommatus p. Latr. Papilio (Pleb. rural.), Linn. §c. THECLA PAN. Alis fuscis bicaudatis ; subtus fuscescentibus, ocellis duobus anguli ani, externo nigro iride rufa. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Pan, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax, abdomen, and wings dark brown, or dark hair-coloured ; the latter being furnished with two small tails like hairs, the extremities being white. Under Side. Palpi white. Breast greyish. Wings nearly the same colour as on the upper side. The posterior haying two eyes on each at the abdominal corners; one being black with a red iris, the other grey and faint; above them is a small indented white line, pointing to a spot of the same colour placed at the middle of the anterior edge. Fabricius, without referring to this figure of Drury, described an Indian species of the same genus from Drury’s collection, under the same specific name, which must of course be rejected. The French encyclopedists consider the latter as identical with the Fabrician Hesperia Isocrates. EREBUS HERCYNA. Plate XXIV. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Nocturna. FAmILy: Noctuide, Steph. Genus. EreEBus, Latr. Thysania, Dalm. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. Eresus HEeRcyNA. Alis dentatis fuscis obscuré undulatis, anticarum disco (puncto nigro) posticarum striga media undulata pallidé cinereis. (Expans. Alar. 4 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Hereyna, Drury, App. vol. 2. HasitaT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne filiform, brown, and thread-like. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings greyish brown. The anterior wings haying about two-thirds, next the shoulders, of a lighter brown, being 45 separated from the darker part by a narrow, black, undulated line, similar to one which runs along the external edges from the tips to the lower corners; near the shoulders are placed two brown spots on each wing, one round, the other squarish. Posterior wings having two narrow, black, undulated lines crossing them, one next the external edges, the other about a quarter of an inch above them; the latter being edged with white. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and sides greyish brown. Tongue spiral. Anterior wings rather lighter than on the upper side; having a dark undulated line crossing them, near the middle, from the ante- rior to the posterior edges; near the shoulders are two brown spots, one exactly like a comma, the other round and smaller; a white streak, edged at the top with brown, is placed near the lower corners; and along the external edges is a row of faint angulated brown spots placed over each scollop. Posterior wings greyish brown; having a small, square, brown spot near the shoulders, and a patch of a whitish colour at the upper corners. A dark brown undulated line, edged with white, begins near the middle of the anterior edges, which crossing the wings ends at the extremity of the body; and along the external edges runs a series of brown spots, placed over each scollop. All the wings are dentated. SATURNIA MAIA. Plate XXIV. fig. 3. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycide, Leach. Genus. Saturnia, Schrank. Attacus, Germay. Phalzna (Attacus), Drury. SATURNIA Mara. lis rotundatis nigris ; fascia alba, macula subocellari nigra, ano rufescenti. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalzena (Bombyx) Maia, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer, Ins. 2. tab. 98. fig. A. Bombyx Proserpina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 419. No. 40. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2407. 480. Abbot § Smith Ins. Georg. pl. 50. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5.37. 48. Pal. Bauv. Ins. d’Afr. et @ Amer. Lep. pl. 24. fs 2.3. Hapitat: New York (Drury). Georgia (Abbot). Upper Side. Antenne black, and strongly pectinated. Neck ash-coloured. ‘Thorax and abdomen black, the extremity being orange. Wings pellucid. The anterior being black, with a white bar crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges; whereon is a semi-eye placed near the former. Posterior wings black, with a broader white bar crossing them from the anterior to the abdominal edges ; having near the former a black triangular spot thereon. Under Side. Palpi and tongue indistinct. Legs and thorax black. Thighs orange. Abdomen grey, having its sides spotted with white; the extremity orange. Wings coloured as on the upper side, but rather more distinct. The thinness of the wings occasions the colours to be less distinct and clear than in most others of this kind. Margins of the wings entire. The caterpillar of this very conspicuous moth feeds upon the red oak (Quercus rubra, Linn.), and other species of the same genus. The caterpillars represented by Abbot are considerably different in colour; one being dark-coloured, but covered over with minute yellow spots ; and the other yellow, with a slender, dorsal, and two broader lateral black lines. The head is red, and each segment is furnished with a transverse series of tubercles, 46 emitting spinose seta. It is, I presume, by the assistance of these sete that ‘ the cater- pillar stings very sharply,” as stated by Abbot. When small the whole brood lives together, but they disperse as they grow larger. One of these larva, in Virginia, went into the ground on the Ist of July, andthe moth came out on the 20th of October ; whilst in Georgia another buried itself on the 14th of June, and the fly did not appear until the 8th of December ; after which other individuals kept coming out from time to time until the 16th of February. The male appears by day, and flies very swiftly, mounting and descending. The moth is called in America the Buck-fly, from an erroneous idea that its caterpillars are bred in the heads of the buck, which blow them out of their nostrils. This opinion originates from the fly coming out in the rutting season whilst the bucks are pursuing the does; the hunters therefore take notice of the insect in order to know the proper season for their sport, which is later in Georgia than in Virginia, as is also the appearance of the moth. They are much more plentiful in the last-mentioned country. (Abbot, loc. cit.) The specific name of Drury having the priority, I have retained it; although that subsequently proposed by Fabricius is far more expressive, recalling, as Sir J. E. Smith observes, the idea of a fair flower which had “ by gloomy Dis been gathered,” now become as grizly as the grim monarch of the infernal regions himself. EREBUS EDUSA. Plate XXIV. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAamiLy: Noctuidae, Leach. GeENus. EReEBus, Latr. Thysania, Dalm. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. EREBUs EpusA. Alis castaneis fusco irroratis, anticis maculis nonnullis baseos alterisque duabus majoribus apicalibus ; apiceque posticarum (nigro punctato) albis. (Expans. Alar, 2 une, 2 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Edusa, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: New York. Upper Side. Antennz brown and filiform. Thorax, abdomen, and wings of a fine red sandy brown colour; the first rg of the abdomen with an ash-coloured spot. Anterior wings with two whitish oblong spots on the external edges of each; one near the tips, the other at the lower corners. A small whitish bar crosses these wings about a quarter of an inch from the body; and next the shoulders is a spot of the same whitish colour. Posterior wings brown, with an oblong whitish spot placed along the external edges, reaching from the abdominal almost to the upper corners. Cilia brown. Under Side. Palpi brown. Tongue short. Breast, sides, and legs paler than on the upper side. Wings pale sandy-coloured, except a few small, round, dark spots dispersed over them, but scarcely dis- cernible. Margins of all the wings dentated. SPHINX ANTALUS. Plate XXV. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GENUS. SPHINX, Auct. SpHinx AnTzUvS. Alis anticis cinereis nigro undatis, posticis nigris basi rufis fasciaque fenestrata, capite bicorni. (Expans. Alar. ¢.6 unc.— 9.7 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Anteus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Sphinx Hydaspes, Cram. Ins. tab. 118. fig. A. Sphinx Jatrophe, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 362. No, 22. Gmel. Linn. 8. N. 2376. 63. Merian Ins. Surinam, tab. 38. HABITAT: Jamaica (Drury). “ In Americ Jatropha gossypifolia,” Fabr. Upper Side. Antenne white underneath, and brown above. Head and thorax dark rusty brown. Abdomen the same on the upper part, but on each side of the second, third, and fourth rings are three yellow spots. Anterior wings dark rusty brown, with several black, waved, and indented lines placed in different parts; and in the middle, near the anterior edges, are two small, round, white spots placed on each wing. The middle of the posterior wings transparent like glass; with a deep brown or black border running along the external edges from the abdominal to the upper corners; the part next the body being yellow. Under Side. Breast and abdomen cream-coloured. Legs white and brown. Anterior wings, next the body, with two yellow longitudinal streaks; the remaining parts being red brown (differing from the colour on the upper side) without any other marks or clouds on them. Posterior wings coloured as ov the upper side, except in the black border, which on this side is red brown. SMERINTHUS JAMAICENSIS. Plate XXV. fig. 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Crepuscularia. FAmrLy : Sphingide, Leach. Genus. SMmERINTHUS, Latr. Laothoé, Fabr. (Syst. Gloss.) Sphinx, Linn. SMERINTHUS JAMAICENSIS. Alis anticis fusco, griseo, olivaceoque variis, posticis roseis ocello cceruleo nigro marginato. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 5 lin.) Syn. Sphinx ocellatus Jamaicensis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Sphinx ocellatus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.355. No.1. Gimel. Linn. Syst. N. 2371. 1. HapitaT: Jamaica (Drury). ‘ In Europe Americee Spiraea, Salice, Pomona.” Fabr. Upper Side. Antenne pectinated and brown. Head and thorax soft dun-coloured, but dark brown above. Abdomen dun. Anterior wings delicate fine greyish, light brown next the shoulders and tips: the remaining parts being clouded with dark olive brown colours. Posterior wings red in the middle, but along the external edges dun-coloured; having a large black spot placed near the abdominal corners, the middle of which is blue, and imperfectly resembling an eye. All the wings are angulated. Under Side. Breast and abdomen dun. Anterior wings red in the middle; but along the anterior edges ash-coloured, which runs to the tips where it forms a crescent, the inner part being dark olive brown; the external edges are olive brown, but lighter than the crescent. Posterior wings clouded with olive brown and ash-colour; having a double ash-coloured bar crossing them, which rises at the anterior edges of the anterior wings, and, running circularly, ends at the abdominal edges of the posterior. 48 Fabricius cites the present figure amongst his synonyms of the common English iyed-hawk moth (Smerinthus ocellatus), notwithstanding its very different habitat. It is evident, however, from the diversity in the outline of the wings of this insect and other English species, and from the circumstance of several species very closely allied to this being found in America (two of which are figured by Abbot and Smith in “ the Insects of Georgia,” pl. 25. and 26.), that Fabricius overlooked the minute characters which distinguish these species, and confounded them under the name of Ocellatus. Drury’s insect very nearly approaches Sphinx Myops of Smith, but differs in the markings, espe- cially of the posterior edge of the wings, and the colour of the posterior pair. Sir J. E. Smith notices the very slight difference which exists between the caterpillars of nearly allied species of Sphingide, compared with the diversity in the larve of the genus Papilio of Limeus. SPHINX FICUS. Plate XXVI. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GENUS. SPHINX, Auct. SpuHinx Ficus. Alis anticis cinereo fuscoque nebulosis, macula apicali albida; posticis nigris basi fasciaque media luteis angulo ani albo. (Expans. Alar. ¢.5 une.— 9. 6 unc.) Syn. Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 800.15. Cramer, tab. 246. fig. E. Merian Ins. Surin. t. 33. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1, 366. No. 31. Gmel. Linn. S. N, 2380. 15. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne ash-coloured. Head, thorax, abdomen, and anterior wings dark olive; the extremities of the latter ending in a point, where is situated a cream-coloured spot, close to the ante- rior edges, whose extremity runs to the tips; a patch of a dark cream colour is also placed on the external edges, joining to the lower corners. Posterior wings, next the body, dark cream-coloured ; below this is a black bar, and another at the external edges, with a dark cream bar between them. The abdominal corners terminate in a point, which is of a fine white silvery hue. Under Side. Breast, abdomen, legs, and wings pale olive brown, with three faint mdistinct lines crossing them from the anterior to the abdominal edges. ‘The anterior wings having a faint whitish streak placed at the tips. SMERINTHUS ASTYLUS. Plate XXVI. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. Genus. SmeERINTHUS, Latr. Laothoé, Fabr. (Syst. Gloss.) Sphinx, Linn. _SmERINTHUS AsTYLUS. Alis subangulatis cinnamoneo-roseis, anticarum apice strigisque subapicalibus fuscis, posticarum ocello ccerulescenti. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 10 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Astylus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: New York. 4.9 Upper Side. Antenne reddish. Thorax and abdomen reddish cmnamon; having a dark line run- ning from the head along the back to the tail. Anterior wings reddish cinnamon; having a dark apical margin, and a paler streak running circularly from the tips to the lower corners; where, at each of those places, is a yellowish indistinct mark. Posterior wings reddish cinnamon, paler at the base; near the abdominal corners is a round black spot, with an indistinct centre. Under Side. Breast, thighs, and abdomen cinnamon. Legs black. Wings nearly coloured as on the upper side; the pale streaks and yellow marks, at the tips and lower corners, being more distinct and plain on this side; the black spots on the posterior wings being wanting. Drury considered it as a distinct species from that in the foregoing plate. SPHINX HYL/ALUS. Plate XXVI. fig. 3. OrvbeR: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide. GENUs. SPHINX, Auct. SpHInx Hyntaus. Alis anticis fuscis margine interno apiceque variegatis; posticis nigris macula basali fasciaque media transyersa cinereis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Hyleus, Drury, App. vol.2. Cramer Ins. pl. 107. fig. C.? Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 373. No. 53. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2383. 81. Sphinx Prini, Abbott § Smith Ins. Georg. tab. 35. Hasritat: New York. Upper Side. Antenne: white within, brown without. Head, thorax, and abdomen rusty grey brown; the latter having on the sides of each ring a narrow white streak, and two small white spots on the upper part. Anterior wings rusty grey brown ; having several dappled white marks dispersed on different parts, particularly at the shoulders and external edges; a narrow black line rises near the lower corners, run- ning from thence to the anterior edges, and ending near the tips; cilia brown, spotted with white. Posterior wings black; cilia white, having some whitish marks thereon, particularly near the abdominal corners. Under Side. Breast and abdomen white. Legs brown. Wings brown; having two faint indented lines crossing them, near the tips and lower corners. Posterior wings brown, with some faint undulated dark lines crossing them from the anterior edges to the abdominal corners. The caterpillar of this insect, observed by Abbot, feeds upon the evergreen winter- berry, or gall-berry (Prinos glaber, Linn.), whence Sir J. E. Smith altered the name of the species from Hyleus to Prini. It is of a pale green colour, with six lateral oblique pink lines, the last of which extends to the base of the nearly straight tail, which is of the same colour; the chrysalis is chesnut, without any porrected tongue-case. One of these caterpillars, observed by Abbot, went mto the ground on the 17th of May, and appeared as a moth on the 19th of June; whilst another buried itself on the 25th of August, and remained in the earth until the 26th of April. The caterpillar is subject to the attacks of a small Ichneumon, the larvee of which, when full grown, eat their way out of its body and spin themselves up on the outside. The moth is occasionally seen sucking the blossoms of gourds in the twilight, but is not common. Ir H DEILEPHILA NESSUS. Plate XXVII. fig. 1. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Sxrctron: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. Genus. DEILEPHILA, Ochs. Spectrum p. Scop. Sphinx p. Linn. DEILEPHILA NEssus. Alis anticis cinerascentibus apice externo albido, posticis nigris fascia fulva, abdominis lateribus fulvis. (Expans. Alar. fere 5 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Nessus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer Ins. tab. 226. fig. D. Sphinx equestris, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 365. No, 29. HasitatT: Madras. Upper Side. Antenne white above, and brown beneath. Head, neck, and thorax olive brown, with an ash-coloured streak running on each side thereof. Abdomen, next the thorax, very dark, from whence a brown list runs along the upper part to the extremity; the sides being of a golden yellow. Anterior wings dark green next the shoulders, softening to a nut brown as it runs along the anterior edges; the tips cream-coloured, from whence run two faint lines to the middle of the posterior edges ; and also a lightish bar running in the same direction. Along the external edges they are of a delicate, soft, nut brown colour, and near the middle of each is a small black spot, placed near the anterior edge. Posterior wings black next the body, but nut brown along the external edges (about half way); the abdominal corners and adjoining parts being cream colour, as are the cilia and anterior edges. Under Side. Breast, sides, and abdomen deep golden yellow; the middle of which and the legs are ash-coloured. Wings deep yellow. The anterior, next the body, greenish black, and cream-coloured next the tips. The posterior having several faint, dark, and undulated lines crossing them from the anterior to the abdominal edges. GLAUCOPIS COARCTATA 3. Plate XXVII. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTIoN: Crepuscularia? FAMILY: geriide, Steph. Genus. Guaucoris, Fabricius. (Syst. Gloss.) Zygana, Fabr. olim. Sphinx p. Drury. Guaucopis CoarcraTa. Alis flayo-hyalinis, marginibus maculaque anticarum fuscis, abdomine basi coarctato, maculis aureo-ceerulescentibus. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Sphinx coarctata, Drury, App. vol. 2. Cramer Ins. tab. 4. f. F. G. Zygzena caudata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 403. No. 58. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2398. 147, Pallas Spicel. Zool. 1. tab. 2. fig. 8. B. Hasirat: Bay of Honduras (Drury). “ In America meridionali” (Fabr.). Upper Side. Antenne pectinated, and thickest in the middle. Head black, with a blue spot in front. Neck blue. Thorax black, with an orange spot on each shoulder. Abdomen black; smallest next the thorax, with a row of golden blue spots on each side, and another at top; at the extremity is placed a hairy bristle, about a quarter the length of the abdomen. Wings yellowish, and transparent. _ The anterior haying a black narrow border running round all their edges, except the anterior ones; and in the middle of each is an oblong black spot, joining to the anterior edge, which reaches almost half across the wing. Posterior wings with a black border along the abdominal edges and the upper corners; the anterior and external edges having none. Under Side. Palpi externally white, but internally black. ‘Tongue curled up. Breast black, the sides being blue. Legs black. Thighs white within, and blue without. Abdomen, next the thorax, 51 white ; the remainder being black, with four white spots on each side; that next the anus being the smallest. Wings as on the upper side ; except the anterior, which have a yellowish border running along the posterior edges. The extremity of the body of the male is furnished with a villose tail, as long as the body. AGLAOPE PLUMIPES. Plate XXVII. fig. 3. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Srctron: Crepuscularia? FAMILY: Mgeriidew, Steph. Genus. AGLAOPE, Latr. Sphinx, Drury. AGLAOPE PLumrIpEs. Nigricans, thorace maculis abdomineque fasciis albis, alis immaculatis, tibiis posticis plumosis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Sphinx plumipes, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasirat: Bay of Honduras. Upper Side. Antenne black, but whitish at the tips; being thickest in the middle. Head black, with a white spot in front between the antenne. Neck black, with three white spots on it. Thorax black, with several white spots thereon. Abdomen black, with several narrow white rings. Wings dark brown, immaculate. Under Side. Palpi white. Tongue spiral. Breast black, spotted with white on its sides. Abdomen black, having one broad white ring on it, and several narrow ones. Legs long and black. Thighs white. Hinder legs furnished with tufts of hairs of a black colour, placed in such manner as to resemble the shaft of an arrow; the legs, above and below these tufts, beimg white. Wings coloured as on the upper side. DEILEPHILA ALECTO. Plate XXVII. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTrIon: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. GENUS. DEILEPHILA, Ochs. Spectrum p. Scop. Sphinx p. Linn. DEILEPHILA ALECTO. Alis anticis griseis, strigis nonnullis obliquis apicalibus obscurioribus ; posticis rubris basi margineque atris. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Alecto, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 802. No. 20. Cramer, tab. 137. fig. D. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 376. No. 59. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2384. 20. HAsBitatT: Madras. Upper Side. Antenne white above, brown underneath; hooked at the extremities. Head and thorax olive brown, with a white stripe running on each side from the front to the shoulders. — Abdo- men greyish brown; having a black spot on each side, near the thorax. Anterior wings soft olive brown ; having a dark line running from the tips to the posterior edges, near the middle. Posterior wings, next the shoulders, black ; the remainder being red, except the abdominal edges and corners, which are cream- coloured ; and a brown margin running along the external edges. Under Side. Breast, sides, legs, and abdomen yellowish clay-coloured. Wings dark orange, mar- gined with faint brown. H 2 DEILEPHILA CLOTHO. Plate XXVIII. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTron: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingidwe, Leach. Genus. DEILEPHILA, Ochs. Spectrum p. Scop. Sphinx p. Linn. DEILEPHILA CLoTuo. Alis cinereo-olivaceis, linea recta e margine postico ad apicem ducta nigra ; posticis nigris externé fuscis, angulo ani pallidiori. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Clothe. Drury, App. vol. 2. Sphinx Butns, Cram. tab. 152. A. Sphinx Gnoma, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 376. No, 61. (nee Clotho, Fabr. loc. cit. No. 60.) Hasitat: Madras. Upper Side. Antennz cream-coloured. Head brown olive, with a cream-coloured stripe running on each side to the abdomen. ‘Thorax brown olive. Abdomen paler, having a black spot on each side near the thorax. Anterior wings light olive brown, with a line running from the tips to the middle of the posterior edges, and a small black spot next the shoulders. Posterior wings, next the body, black ; but along the external edges brown, and palest at the abdominal corners. Under Side. ‘Tongue curled up. Breast and sides cream-coloured. Abdomen darker. Wings ~yellowish clay-coloured and freckled. The anterior having a dark cloud in the middle of each, near the shoulders; and the posterior having a faint indented line crossing them from the anterior to the abdo- minal edges. JEGERIA TIBIALIS. Plate XXVIII. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTION: Crepuscularia? FAMILY: #geriide, Steph. Genus. MaeERIA, Fabr. Sesia, Latr. Sphinx, Drury. Zygwena, Fabr. JAGERIA TIBIALIS. Alis anticis fuscis immaculatis, posticis hyalinis ; tibiis posticis plumosis testaceis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 1} lin.) Syn. Sphinx tibialis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Zygiena tibialis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 404, No, 62. Gimel. Linn. S. N. 2399. 151. HABITAT : Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black, slightly pectinated; being thickest towards the extremities, and end- ing in a point; where, by the assistance of a microscope, may be observed a small tuft of hairs. Head ash-coloured. Thorax and abdomen dark hair colour; the latter being encircled with small white rings. Anterior wings narrow, and of a dark hair colour, without any marks or spots. Posterior hyaline. Cilia dark brown. Under Side. Palpi yellowish. ‘Tongue curled up. Breast and abdomen yellowish, having some grey hairs placed between them. Fore and middle legs dark brown. Hinder legs remarkably hairy ; being scarlet on the out sides, and black on the inner and under sides, with some white tufts intermixed. Wings as on the upper side. GLAUCOPIS PHOLUS. Plate XXVIII. fig. 3. OrDER: Lepidoptera. SxEcTION: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Zygzenide. Genus. Guaucopis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. (Zyguena, Fabr. olim.) GLAUCOPIS PHoLUs. Atra, alis omnibus basi fulvis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Pholus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Zygzena Pholus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. 406. No. 27, Gmel. Linn. 8. N. 2399. 155. (Sphinx). HasitaT: New England, New York, Maryland, Virginia, Carolina. Upper Side. Antenne black, and thickest in the middle. Head, eyes, thorax, and abdomen black. Shoulders and half the superior wings deep orange yellow; the apical half black. Posterior wings, next the body, paler yellow; the remaining two-thirds black. Under Side. Tongue curled up. Breast, sides, abdomen, and legs black. Wings coloured as on the upper side, but not quite so brilliant. GLAUCOPIS? ASTREAS. Plate XXVIII. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTIon: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Zygenide. Genus. QGuaucopis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. (Zygena, Fabr. olim.) GLAvcoPiIs? ASTREAS, Alis subhyalinis albidis, macula media apiceque fuscis, thorace nigro maculato, abdo- mine roseo, (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Astreas, Drury, App. vol. 2. Noctua Astrea, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.2. p. 19. No. 35. Gimel. Linn. S. N. 2534. 593. Hapitat: Bengal (Drury). New Holland ( Fabricius ). Upper Side. Antenne filiform, light brown, being thickest in the middle. Head cream-coloured, spotted with black. Neck the same, with a red cleft in the middle, and a black spot on each side. Thorax cream-coloured, spotted with black. Abdomen scarlet. Anterior wings transparent, whereof a third next the tips is opake and of a light hair colour, running about half way up the anterior edge of each wing; where is a streak of the same colour running half way across the wing. Anterior and poste- rior edges dark cream-coloured. Posterior wings transparent, the anterior edges and upper corners being dark cream-coloured. Under Side. Palpi white externally, but red within; the extremities being black. ‘Tongue curled up. Breast white, with a black spot on each side. Legs red. Under sides of the thighs white. Abdomen cream colour; having a narrow white streak on each side, whereon are several black spots, Wings coloured as on the upper side. This insect is evidently the type of a subgenus, sufficiently distinct from any of the preceding. SYNTOMIS FENESTRATA. Plate XXVIII. fig. 5. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTron: Crepuscularia? FAMILY: Zygznide. Genus. Syntomis, Jllig. Latr. Zygena, Fabr. Sphinx, Drury. SyntToMIs FENESTRATA. Alis fuscis, anticarum maculis quatuor, posticarum unica hyalinis, abdomine fulvo nigroque annulato. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 2 lin.) Syn. Sphinx fenestrata, Drury, App. vol. 2. Zygzna fenestrata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 392. Vo. 21. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2394. 119. (Sphinx). Hapitrat: China. Upper Side. Antenne filiform, black, white at the tips, and thickest in the middle. Head tawny yellow. Neck black. Thorax and abdomen tawny yellow; the former having three black spots thereon, and the latter encircled with six black rmgs. Anterior wings having four transparent spots in each; the two next the shoulders being divided only by the nerves, in one of which appears two dark spots, one next the shoulders, and the other a quarter of an inch from it, crossing the transparent part. All the edges of these wings are very dark brown, the external and posterior ones being broadest. Posterior wings also having one large transparent spot in each; all the edges of these wings brown, the external and anterior ones being broadest, nerves yellow. Under Side. Tongue curled up. Sides, breast, and abdomen yellow, with black rings. Legs dark brown and yellow. Wings as on the upper side. GLAUCOPIS? PHALAINOIDES. Plate XXVIII. fig. 6. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SEcTron: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Zygenide. Genus. Guaucopis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. (Zygena, Fabr. olim.) GLAUCOPIS? PHALSNOIDES. Alis anticis cinereis apicem versus subpellucidis, posticis parvis truncatis macula basali obscura. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Phalenoides, Drury, App. vol. 2. Hasitat: Bay of Honduras. Upper Side. Antenne pectinated and grey, being smallest at the extremity, which is white. Head grey. Neck white. Thorax ash-coloured. Abdomen pale yellow. Anterior wings ash-coloured next the shoulders, and along the anterior and posterior edges; the remaining parts being nearly trans- parent. Posterior wings singularly shaped; ash-coloured next the body, but the anterior parts are sub- pellucid. On these parts is placed a small triangular spot, of different colours when held in different directions, in some being yellow, in others ash-coloured. Under Side. Tongue curled up. Breast yellow. Sides and abdomen white. Anterior wings appearing more pellucid than aboye. Anterior and external edges white; and near the shoulders is placed a white oval spot on each. Posterior wings ash-coloured, but round the edges are white ; appearing to be less pellucid than on the upper side. The triangular spot is scarcely discernible on this side. SPHINX ACHEMON. Plate XXIX. fig, 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Crepuscularia, FAMILY : Sphingide. Genus. SPHINX, Auct. SPHINX ACHEMON. Alis anticis griseo-fuscis maculis tribus marginalibus et apicalibus brunneis, posticis roseis externe fuscis, maculis nigris submarginalibus. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Sphinx Achemon, Drury, Append. vol. 2. Sphinx Crantor? Cramer, tab. 104. fig. A. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 375, 58. HABITAT: Jamaica. Upper Side. Antenne reddish ash-coloured. Head and thorax greyish brown, with a large patch of a deep chocolate on each shoulder. Abdomen grey brown, but lighter on the sides. An- terior wings, next the shoulders, grey brown; but of a dark olive brown towards the tips and external edges. Near the middle of the posterior edges is placed a large square spot, of a deep chocolate colour: at the lower corners is a small triangular one; and a third somewhat larger than the last at the tips. Posterior wings rose-coloured next the shoulders and anterior edges, but grey-brown along the external edges; having a short row of black spots lying parallel thereto, and rising from the abdominal corners. Under Side. Breast and abdomen grey brown, but lighter than on the upper side. Wings rusty red, immaculate, except a dark border running along the external edges; and also a faint narrow line crossing them, from the anterior to the abdominal edges. MACROGLOSSA PASSALUS. Plate XXIX. fig. 2. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide, Leach. Genus. MacroGLossa, Ochs. Sesia p. Fabr. Sphinx p. Drury. MACROGLOSSA PAsSsALUS. Alis anticis badio fuscis, in medio fascia lata pallidiori, posticis luteis margine lato fuseo. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Passalus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Sphinx Pandora, Fab. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. 380. No. 6. Hasitrat: China (Drury). India orientalis ( Fabricius). Upper Side. Antenne brown, and thickest near their extremities. Head and thorax greyish-brown, with a dark line running down the middle. Abdomen red brown, with two yellow spots on each side. Tail broad and hairy. Anterior wings, next the body, dark chocolate, occupying a third part; next to this they are of a light red brown, growing darker as it approaches the tips. Inferior wings yellow next the shoulders; the apical half being of a fine dark chocolate. Under Side. Head white. Tongue curled up. Breast and thighs yellow clay-coloured. Legs, sides, and abdomen dark clay-coloured. Wings, next the body, yellow clay-coloured; the remaining parts being red brown, with a faint darker border along the external edges. GLAUCOPIS? PULCHRA. Plate XXIX. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SeEcTIoN : Crepuscularia? FaminLy : Zygenide. Genus. Guaucopis, Fabr. Latr. Sphinx, Drury. GLavcoPis PutcuRA. Alis anticis nigris, strigis sex fulvis; posticis nigris basi fulyis; abdomine fulvo annulato. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Pulehra, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: China. Upper Side. Antenne black, and smallest at their extremities. Head yellow. Thorax the same, streaked longitudinally with black. Abdomen black, having one ring near the middle; the extremity of the tail being yellow. Anterior wings black, with six yellow spots and streaks on each; one streak being the longest, running parallel and near to the posterior edge; another is placed on the edge itself. The space between these streaks and the anterior edge is occupied by the remaining four spots: the foremost being much narrower than the others. Posterior wings yellow next the shoulders, with a broad black margin running along the external edges. Under Side. Tongue curled up. Breast and sides yellow. Legs black. Thighs yellow. Abdo- men yellow; the extremity black, with two yellow rings. Wings as on the upper side, but the colours less brilliant. SPHINX BRONTES. Plate XXIX. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Crepuscularia. FAMILY: Sphingide. GENUS. SPHINX, Auct. SpHinx Brontes. Alis griseis puncto discoidali albido, strigisque transversis undatis fuscis, posticis nigri- cantibus margine interno et ad angulum ani pallidioribus. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Brontes, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: New York. Upper Side. Antenne white within, brown outside. Head and neck dark brown. Thorax and abdomen grey ; on the hinder part of the former are two black spots, and on each ring of the latter are two small black streaks, placed on its sides, down to the tail. Anterior wings grey, with a white spot in the middle of each near the anterior edges, and a small white cloud next the tips; having several curved and indented black lines crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges, some being faint, others very distinct; cilia brown, spotted with white. Posterior wings very dark brown; but along the abdominal edges and corners grey; cilia white and brown. Under Side. Breast white. Legs mottled. Abdomen white, with four reddish spots placed along the middle. Anterior wings dark grey brown, without any marks on them, except at the tips, where is “laced a narrow white streak joining to the anterior edges. Posterior wings dark grey brown; but next he abdominal edges white, without any marks on them, except two faint lines crossing them from the anterior edges to the abdominal corners. TRICHIUS (ARCHIMEDIUS) DELTA. Plate XXX. fig. 1, natural size—fig. 2, magnified. OrpDER : Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Cetoniide, Mac Leay. Genus. Tricutus, Fabr. Scarabeus p. Drury. SuBsGenus: Archimedius, Kirby in Zool. Journ. No. 10. TRICHIUS (ARCHIMEDIUS) DELTA. Thorace nigro, triangulo albo, elytris testaceis puncto fusco. (Long. Corp. 5 lin.) Syn. Scarab:eus Delta, Drury, App. vol.2. Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 41.7. Syst. El. 11. p. 133. 14. (Trichius D.) Oliv. Ent. 1.6. p. G4. t. 11. fig. 107. HAsBitTat: Virginia, North America. Head rather large and quadrangular; black and cream-coloured on the upper part, red brown near the mouth. Eyes large, black, and prominent. Antenne red brown. ‘Thorax margined with cream colour, the extreme edge being black; having a black circular patch thereon, and a cream-coloured triangular mark within it. Scutellum cream, surrounded or edged with black; having a black streak down its middle, and just below it the suture is cream colour. Elytra dull orange, with a black spot near the middle of each. Body and abdomen ash-coloured. Thighs and tibiae tawny orange. Tarsi 5-jointed ; the hinder ones being remarkably long. CHASMODIA? VIRENS. Plate XXX. fig. 3. OrpeER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Rutelida, Mac Leay. Genus. CuasmopiA? Mae Leay. Cetonia p. Fabr. Searabieus p. Drury. CHASMODIA? VIRENS. Ferrugineo-flavescens, elytris virescentibus, sterno cornuto. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Scarabzeus virens, Drury, App. vol. 2. Herbst. Col. 111. p. 162. t. 27. f. 2. (Melolontha v.) Cetonia smaragdula, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p.143. 44. Syst. Ent. p. 45. No. 11. Schon. Syn. Ins. 3. 157. (Hoplia sm.) HaApiratT: South America, Schonherr. ‘ America, Mus. Dr. Hunter” (Fabr.). Head and thorax brown olive, the former margined. Elytra olive, not covering the abdomen. Anus yellowish brown. Abdomen dark brown, the sides and middle being lighter. Legs dirty olive. Sternum long, extending beyond the fore legs. ‘Tarsi short. CETONIA (GNATHOCERA) AFRICANA. Plate XXX. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEctron: Lamellicornes. FAmIny : Cetoniide. Genus. Ceronra, Fabricius. Scarabeus p. Drury. SuBGENUs: Gnathocera, Kirby, Gory § Percheron, (Mon. Ceton.). CrTonta (GNATHOCERA) AFRICANA. Enea nitens, capitis spina incumbente, sterno porrecto, elytris punctis nigris, striatis. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syn. Scarabeeus Africanus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 48. 20. Syst. El. 2. p. 149. 73. (Cetonia Afr.) Oliv. Ent. 1.6. p. 31. t.8.f. 70. Cetonia Smaragdina, Herbst. Col. 111. p. 258. 47. t. 32. f. 5. HAasitat: Sierra Leone. Entirely of a fine green colour, except the tarsi, which are black. The colour, which is very bril- liant, appears not to be reflected from the surface, but seems as if covered with a fine transparent Il I 58 varnish. Head quadrangular, margined and furrowed. Thorax smooth and finely polished. Scutellum large and triangular. Elytra slightly striated, with punctures, and margined. Sternum long and slender. ‘Tibize with two spurs. This species, according to Mr. Smeathman, frequents flowers ; thus resembling in its habits the British species of the family to which it belongs. DYNASTES AEGEON. Plate XXX. fig. 5. OrpvER: Coleoptera. SEcTION : Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastide, Mac Leay. Genus. DynastEes, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabeeus p. Linn. Scarabeus, Latreille. DYNASTES /EGEON. Rufus, thoracis cornu brevi incurvo subtus barbato, capitis recurvo subulato. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Scarabeus Mgeon, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst.p.4. No. 4. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 5. No. 8. (Geotrupes Eg.) Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 26. No. 26.t. 1.f.4. Jabl. Nat. Syst. 1. p. 228. No. 6. t. 1.f.4. Sch. Syn. Ins. 1. p. 4. No. 13. Hasitat: “ In Indiis” (Fabricius). Peruvia (Dejean.). Head small and black, from whence springs a horn that bends towards the body. Eyes red brown. Thorax red brown, with a black margin; having a short thick horn issuing from it, that inclines towards the head: it has also a faint black spot on each side. Scutellum black and triangular. Elytra red brown ; the margins and suture being black. Abdomen black, covered with olive brown hairs. Legs black. Hinder and fore tibize with three short spines, placed on the external part of each; and with two spurs, those of the middle ones being shortest. Ungues having a single hair issuing from between the hooks, forked at the end. DYNASTES GERYON. Plate XXX. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Dynastide. Genus. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabzeus p. Linn. DyNASTES GERYON. Thorace excavato tricorni; lateralibus compressis unidentatis; capitis recurvo sumplici. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 73 lin.) Syn. Scarabeeus Geryon, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Ent. 1.p.9. No.21. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p.11. No. 31. (Geotrupes G.) Schonh. Syn. Ins. 1. p.10. 41. Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 30. t. 24. No. 208. Hasirat: “ In Indiis” (Fabr.). Head small, and margined in front; being furnished with a single horn that bends towards the thorax. Thorax margined, and dark brown (the general colour of the insect); being armed with three remarkable horns, whereof two are placed in front, one on each side ; being very strong and broad one way, but thin the other, and branched at their extremities. The other horn is placed on the hinder part of the thorax, being short and thick at bottom, but sharp and pointed at top; springing from a protuberance that almost covers the escutcheon, which is small and triangular. All these horns are immoyeable, and their situations occasion a most remarkable hollowness or cavity in the thorax, which d9 is smooth and shining; but the protuberance, next the scutellum, is full of punctures, and the edge notched. Elytra shining, punctured, and slightly striated. Abdomen and legs red brown, and hairy ; the hinder ones being remarkably thick and strong, with two broad tibial spurs. The middle and fore tibiz are strongly dentated, each being furnished with a thick spur. Anterior tibize with the first joint long and slender, but in the middle and hinder tibize, exceeding thick and strong. LAMIA (STERNOTOMIS) MIRABILIS. Plate XXXI, fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. SxEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiide. Genus. Lamia, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. (SusGenus: Sternotomis, Perch.) LAMIA (STERNOTOMIS) MIRABILIS. Nigra, thorace spinoso, antice fasciis, elytris punctis viridibus, his basi mucronatis. (Long. Corp. 10} lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Mirabilis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Lamia pulchra, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 285.25. Syst. Ent.171.6. (nee C. pulchra, Drury, vol. 1. t. 32. £6.) Oliv. Ent. 488. 115. t. 22. f. 167. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Varied with beautiful green and black colours, the former exceedingly bright. Head green, with two others running downwards from the eyes. Jaws with the upper part green, the extremities black, with four green palpi. Antenne black, ten-jointed, the basal joint being thickest. Thorax green, with black streaks running round it, the sides terminating in an obtuse point. Scutellum very small, black, and triangular. Elytra black and margined, beautifully streaked and spotted with green: the former run- ning across the anterior part, the latter placed near the extremities. Abdomen green, with black rings. Legs green, streaked with black. Tarsi green at top, brown beneath. LAMIA (AGAPHANTIA) BIPUNCTATA. Plate XXXI. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Lamiide. Genus. Lami, Fabr. Cerambyx p. Linn. (SuBGENUs: Agaphantia, Serv.) LAMIA (AGAPHANTIA) BrpuncrTatTa. Grisea; thorace spinoso, frontis cornu porrecto apice emarginato incurvo, elytris puncto nigro posticé flavo. (Long. Corp. fere 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx bipunctatus. Drury, App. vol. 9 Lamia fronticornis, Fabr. Sp. Ins. 1. 216.2. Syst. Bleuth. 2.281.3. Oliv. Ent. 4. 67.79. 163, ¢.8.f. 54. Cerambyx notatus, Voet. Col. Ed. Panz. 3.32. 46. t. 11. f. 46. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. General colour brownish grey. Head deep and grey; one of the sexes having a remarkable thick and strong tubercle issuing from the middle of the face, terminating in two black acute angles, like horns. Mouth armed with two strong black jaws, and four grey palpi. Antenne grey, and longer than the insect. ‘Thorax grey, the sides terminating in a thick spine; having a broad, white streak crossing it on each side, and extending along the abdomen, beyond the middle legs, narrowing to its extremity, Scutellum small and triangular. Elytra grey and margined, having two round black spots on each, the 12 60 largest placed about the middle near the suture; the other (a small one) is on this side joined to the margin. —__ A NEW EDITION, BROUGHT DOWN TO THE PRESENT STATE OF THE SCIENCE, - WITH THE SYSTEMATIC CHARACTERS OF EACH SPECIES, SYNONYMS, INDEXES, AND OTHER ADDITIONAL MATTER. BY J. O. WESTWOOD, F.L.S. SOC. CAS. NAT. CUR. MOSQ. SOC. ETC. ETC. VOL. III. LONDON: HENRY G. BOHN, 4, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. MDCCCXXXVII. MRS DR UW RY S hee BA CE TO THE FIRST EDITION. VOL. III. Graterut for the favourable reception the two preceding volumes of this work have met from the lovers of Natural History, it is with pleasure that I now present them, though late, with this my third and last volume, which has been completed in opposition to greater disadvantages and disappointments than attended either of the others. It may not be superfluous to inform my readers, that this publication is the result of such leisure hours only as could be spared from an indispensable assiduity to immediate business, and a necessary attention, at that time, to an impaired constitution. This being taken into consideration, little apology will be required for the length of time I have been in bringing it out, by those who know what trouble we must necessarily have with the various artists, who are employed in executing the different parts of such a work, and with what scrupulous exactness and care every minute part ought to be examined and corrected. This unavoidable delay, however, has been productive of another circum- stance, which compels me to entreat all their candour and indulgence. I have always made it a rule of my conduct to promote Natural History by every method in my power. My cabinet has therefore been open to all those gentlemen, from whatever part of the world they came, who made Entomology their study. In consequence of this permission, descriptions of many of the insects now published have got abroad some time since, and even figures of several of them have made their appearance. This I did not expect, as many of my plates were entirely finished some months, and even years, before those above-mentioned could have got forth. This will account for the seeming contradiction in many places, upon comparing the descriptions with the Index, where many insects are described and mentioned as new ones, but in the Index have their synonyms given in various authors. The truth is, the descriptions were made about the year 1775, between which time and the present those authors published their respective works. But who can foresee disappointments, or avoid their effects ? It may be urged, that these plates might have been omitted, and others substituted. In so doing, however, I could 1 b iv not have been justified, either to the purchasers of the former volumes, or to myself. Many of them, there is no doubt, would not have the figures of those insects alluded to, unless in this work ; and, as to my part, without considering the loss, neither my business, my health, nor my leisure, would have enabled me to supply their place. This very circumstance I have mentioned in the Preface to my last volume, wherein I bespoke the candour of my readers for an anticipation of a similar kind, which got abroad before I could bring out that volume. In the present case, I have the greatest reason to request the same indulgence from a motive still stronger, which is, that almost all the figures given by other authors, and which I have quoted in the index, were taken from specimens origi- nally in my possession. As it is, I hope, the novelty, the beauty, and the curiosity of the other insects herein published, will, by affording large gratification to the inquisitive natu- ralist, make some amends, and that the nature of my situation will procure me a full acquittal from any kind of premeditated imposition. In regard to the manners and economy of the insects now published, I have been able to get little information. There are very few, even of those who collect abroad, who will give themselves the trouble of making observations ; and such as do not want inclination or ability, and even travel expressly for the purpose, find great, and to us almost incon- ceivable impediments. Mr. Smeathman, who has been many years in Africa and the West Indies, has fur- nished me with a few remarks on this subject, together with observations on some particular insects, published in the preceding volumes as well as this. These observations, I am of opinion, will afford information and entertainment to my readers, and, at the same time, throw some light on the nature, qualities, or dispositions of many kinds of insects, of which, hitherto, we know nothing more than the external figure. He informs me, that in hot climates, especially such as are not well settled, the difficulties attending every kind of study, and every species of collecting, are infinitely ereater than those who have not visited them can possibly suppose. In those countries, either from the scarcity and high price of the materials, or the dearness of labour, the traders or settlers are obliged to calculate for little more than necessary house-room, with such conveniences only as are absolutely necessary for their different occupations and pursuits; im which they are, from these circumstances, frequently much cramped and embarrassed. If this is the case with those who have all the best means in their power of providing for themselves, how must it be with transient persons and speculative travellers, who are seldom profitable visitors, and whose studies consequently meet with little partiality from such as are assiduously engaged in the sole pursuit of wealth or power ? As to the breeding of insects, and observing their changes and dispositions with care and circumspection, it seems almost impossible in the nature of things to be practised, except, comparatively speaking, with a very few. (The ravages of the tropical ants and cock-roaches are then detailed from the informa- V tion given by Mr. Smeathman, which I have thought it more interesting to introduce with the descriptions of those insects in the second volume. ) The termites are another genus of insects, which some time or other injure the traveller, and at least add to the number of his cares. These wonderful creatures were little known till Mr. Smeathman developed their extraordinary history. They were generally supposed to be a species of ant, and in consequence so frequently confounded with the natural history of that great genus of insects, that it has thrown much obscurity into both. The ravages of these insects are so insidious, that travellers frequently suffer irreparable damage before they are aware of them. When they are previously informed, the depreda- tions of those insects may be greatly prevented ; but constant care and caution are required, which is no small addition to the number of cares that a collector must always have upon his mind. I shall not pretend to go any further into the history of this genus of insects, as I must necessarily borrow it from my ingenious friend’s very entertaiming account of them, published last year in the seventy-first volume, Part I. of the Philosophical Transactions, to which I refer my reader. ‘To these obstacles, Mr. Smeathman adds others, some of which we can have little idea of in these climates. The Morway rats are so numerous and so bold, that they will come and feed by the side of the table at supper, and during the still hours of night, search every corner for plunder, making a continual uproar, and often, in a kind of furor, carry away small utensils, and other articles, which they can turn to no advantage either for food or shelter. They are very mischievous to the naturalist’s collection of plants and seeds, tearing them and the books, in which they are kept, to pieces, as it were in wanton- ness, and carrying away such as are edible, in which they are often assisted by the land- crabs. ‘These amphibious insects frequently make holes for themselves, or use those made by the rats under ground, and enter through the floors of the negroes’ cottages. In the rainy seasons many small animals are apt to take shelter in the thatch ; among others, various species of snakes, who most probably get there in pursuit of the rats. Mr. Smeathman when on the African shore observed, that the former were very harmless ; and, as he found the latter very mischievous and destructive, he would not suffer the snakes to be killed or hunted out. The patient natives there, it seems, as well as the rational travellers, are not without consolation amidst this heterogeneous crowd of inmates. They see with pleasure the spiders always on the watch for the wasps and cock-roaches, the last of which are intolerable. The Lizards, again, attack all sorts of msects, the large Tarantula, as it is called, not excepted. The lizards not unfrequently fall a prey to the fowls, and the rats to the snakes. Hence lizards, rats, snakes, and land-crabs occasionally serve as delicious repasts to the improvident inhabitants, who thus “ thrive under evil.” Sometimes indeed the land-crab becomes, as in the West Indies, a part of the stock of the provident and luxurious inhabitants, who inclose a small piece of ground in the manner vi of a yard, and feed them with fruit, herbs, Indian corn, and other grain, on which they fatten exceedingly, and stewed in any manner are most delicious eating. Thus a speculative man can find few opportunities of securing his collections, or of making observations, while surrounded by the hospitable chief, the trader, the planter, and their families, who scarce finding room enough in their houses for themselves, think all time lost that is not spent in lucrative business, active pleasures, or social festivity. If to this we add frequent sickness, the want of boats or cattle for conveyance in cases where moving without is impracticable ; the want of information, of guides, of assistance, the means of transporting things, of candlelights, or even a table to write on, it will not be surprising we have so little knowledge of the uncultivated tropical regions. Even travellers, who go expressly to make observations, have other great difficulties to encounter. They are sometimes obliged to pass much of their time in providing the mere necessaries of life, and some in securing themselves from danger, while their industry is always exposed to the avarice, the neglect, or the ill-will of ignorant people, whose services, though poor, are not to be easily dispensed with. Sometimes the cottages have no windows, and the larger houses, which they contrive to form in such manner as to receive the breezes, are generally without glass ; so that the student frequently has his subject, his pen, or his paper blown away, with various other disappointments and vexations too numerous and too trivial to mention, but altogether distressing, and in many instances insurmountable. As this is the case, we have not much reason to wonder that our accounts of some foreign countries, and their natural productions, are so short and imperfect. We must content ourselves with slight sketches, which, repeated and corroborated by various travellers, may at last amount to one great descriptive and useful work, of which those contained in this Preface are offered only as so many scattered seeds. (The various observations upon the economy of different species figured in these Illustrations, and inserted in this Preface, have been respectively introduced under the species to which they belonged. ) ILLUSTRATIONS OF EXOTIC ENTOMOLOGY. PAPILIO ANTIMACHUS. Plate I. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna, Latr. FAmrny: Papilionide, Leach. GENUuS. PAPILIO, Linn. (Section Equit. Troj.) Sc. PAPILIO ANTIMACHUS. Alis nigris, anticis elongzatis maculis fulvis, posticis subdentatis disco radiato rufo, nigro Sris, 5 vt - punctato ; apice nigro Innulis marginalibus fulvis. (Expans. Alar. 83 unc.) Syn. Papilio Antimachus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 3. pt. 1. p. 11. No. 31. Donov. Nat. Repos. pl. 100. § 101. God. and Latr. Ene. Méth. ix. p.28. No.8. Esper. Aus. Schm. t.22.f. 2. Boisd. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. p. 188. Hasirat: Sierra Leone (Drury). Upper Side. Antenne brown. Head black, with eight whiteish spots on the top. Thorax black, with four white spots at the base of the anterior wings. Abdomen black at the base and at top, clay- coloured on the sides and extremity. Anterior wings black at the base, but at the extremities more of a brown colour, with eighteen different shaped marks and spots; those next the body dark orange, the others yellow clay-coloured, some being so faint as to be hardly discernible. Posterior wings slightly dentated, the inner scollops being edged with clay-coloured crescents. These wings, next the body, are of a dark orange; the remainder clay-coloured, with a broad black border running round each wing, from the upper corners to the abdominal ones; the inner sides being deeply indented, and the outer ones scolloped, with eight roundish black spots near the middle of each wing, one of which is supposed to be hid in the figure. Under Side. Head black, with two white spots in front. Palpi seareely discernible. Breast and sides black, spotted with yellow. Abdomen clay-coloured. The middle of the superior wings has a black patch, on which are three orange-coloured spots, answering to three on the upper side; a long angular dark orange mark joins the anterior edges next the body, close to which are two roundish black spots; the extreme parts of these wings are of a dark greyish ash colour, the ribs being black. Posterior wings clay-coloured, with eight black spots, answering to those on the upper side: the black border being narrower on this side, and the inner edges much deeper indented. Il B g This magnificent butterfly is so exceedingly rare that M. Boisduval, whose knowledge of the European Collections is very extensive, questions whether there exists any other specimen than that originally figured by Drury. Mr. Jones also, whose splendid Collection of Drawings are so frequently quoted by Fabricius, copied this insect, figuring both the upper and under sides, which figures have been lately published by Mr. Donovan in his Naturalist’s Repository. Mr. Donovan also adds, that from the manuscripts of Mr. Drury, “we find that he received this insect in 1775, from Mr. Smeathman, an assiduous and very intelligent naturalist stationed at Sierra Leone.” “From the observations of Mr. Smeathman it may be imagined that this insect is not unfrequent in that particular part of Africa, but that its capture is attended with con- siderable difficulty, as well from the manner of its flight, as the time when it appears on the wing ;. it is seen only in mid-day, when every exertion under the direct influence of a vertical sun must be painful to an European. Its flight is also remarkable for its velocity, and to increase the difficulty of taking it, the insect frequents only the upper branches of the trees, from whence it darts and glances from one branch to another, and never descends nearer to the ground than the height of eight feet. Mr. Smeathman observes also, that it turns its head about instantly to the glade or path, and will not suffer any person to approach within ‘ striking distance’ of it, but will dart away on the least motion of the body; if the naturalist however exerts his patience, it will at last become more familiar and careless, and is then to be caught upon some particular branch, to which it will appear more attached than to another.” Mr. Donovan however suggests, that the insect must be not only exceedingly local, but also of great rarity. HEPIALUS CRASSUS. Plate Il. fig. 1. OrveER: Lepidoptera. SrcTion: Nocturna. FAminy: Hepialide, Steph. GeNus. HeEptauus, Fabr. Hepiolus, Liliger. Phaleena (Noctua), Drury. HEPIALus Crassus. Alis anticis albis, fuseo, cinereo, badioque variis, apice irregulariter albo, lunula magna fusca; posticis griseo-fuscantibus. (Expans. Alar. 7 une.) Syn. Phaleena (Noctua) crassa, Drury, App. vol. 3. Habitat: Sierra Leone, Upper Side. Antenne filiform, whiteish at the base, black at the tips. Head whiteish, small. Thorax whiteish, having two black tufts of hair on the shoulders, and two next the abdomen; upper part yellowish brown. Abdomen dark brown, almost black, being ringed and edged with dark grey. Anterior wings whiteish, intermixed with many patches and irregular spots of grey and dark brown. Posterior wings darkish grey brown, but lighter along the posterior edges. Under Side. All the parts on this side are of a dark yellow brown, of the same colour with the upper side of the inferior wings. Abdomen rather lighter, with a dark brown line running along its middle from the thorax to the anus. SPHINX IDRIEUS. Plate II. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Crepuscularia. FAmMInLy: Sphingide, Leach. Genus. SpuHrnx, Linn. Spuinx IpriEvs. Corpore alisque anticis viridibus, posticis fulvis margine nigro. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Sphinx Idrieus, Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783. ) Sphinx Medea, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 363. No. 23. (1793.) Hasitat: Africa (Drury). ‘‘ Africa equinoctiali”’ (Fabr.). Upper Side. Antenne yellow brown. Head olive green, with a cream-coloured stripe running on each side to the wings. Thorax and abdomen olive green; the latter having six small cream-coloured spots on each side near the anus. Anterior wings entirely olive green. Posterior orange-coloured, edged with black. Under Side. ‘Tongue spiral. Sides, breast, and abdomen paler green than on the upper side. Wings next the shoulders dark orange, but green at the extremities. Posterior wings greenish and mottled, the fringes being yellow. JEGERIA? PLUMIPES. Plate II. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTion: Crepuscularia? Faminy: geriide, Steph. Genus. McGeERIA, Fabr.? Sesia, Latr. Sphinx, Drury. ZEGERIA? PLUMIPES. Alis cyaneis, abdomine fulvo-cingulato, apice barbato; pedibus fulvis, femorum posticorum apice plumoso. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Sphinx plumipes, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hapitat: Africa. Upper Side. Antenne black, smallest at the tips. Eyes grey and shining. Palpi black. Head and thorax black. Abdomen black, with orange-coloured rings; the extremity being very small and long, and furnished with a tuft of hairs expanding like a star. Under Side, Tongue spiral. Head and palpi orange. Breast black. Legs orange, furnished with long tibial spurs; the two hinder thighs having tufts of black hairs issuing from the tips above. Abdomen orange, sides black. COSSUS LAOCOON. Plate III. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAmiLy: Hepialide, Steph. Genus. Cossus, Fabr. Phalwena (Bombyx), Linn. Cossus Laocooy. Alis rufo-badiis, apice obscurioribus macula media albida, nigro punctata, lunulisque submar- ginalibus pallidis. (Expans. Alar. 6 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Laocoon, Drury. Cramer, pl.117. B.? HABITAT : Rio Janeiro, Brazil. B 2 4 Upper Side. Antenne brown, and filiform. Head brown, with two white spots beneath the antenne. Thorax cream-coloured, with a red-brown spot arising at the head. Abdomen red-brown, with cream-coloured rings. Wings red-brown; the anterior ending along the external edges in a greyish brown, where there is a row of faint cream-coloured crescents ; at the shoulders there is also a round cream-coloured spot, and in the middle, near the anterior edges, is another large patch of that colour, with darker marks thereon; several other spots are likewise dispersed on these wings. Posterior wings, along the external edges, grey brown; but next the body cream-coloured, with a row of faint cream-coloured crescents along the bottom, and two small spots on the abdominal edges. Under Side. Breast and legs red-brown ; the two fore legs having two cream-coloured spots on the fore joints. Abdomen red-brown, and cream intermixed. Wings, next the body, cream-coloured, but towards. their extremities red-brown, more strongly marked than on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. ARCTIA? MENEA. Plate IIl. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAmILy: Arctiidae, Stephens. GENus. AkRcTIA? Schrank. Callimorpha, Latr.? Phalena (Noctua), Drury. ArRcTIA? MENEA. Flava, alis anticis basi, fascia lata media apiceque margineque postico posticarum nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Phalzena (Noctua) Menea, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Brazil. Upper Side. Antenne filiform and black. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow. Wings yellow and black. Anterior having two round black spots at the shoulders, and two long ones at the tips. Posterior having a broad black border, beginning at the abdominal corners and running round the wings, crossing the fore wings and ending at the anterior edges. . Under Side. Palpi and tongue black. Legs black. Breast and abdomen yellow. Wings coloured as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA? MOPSA. Plate III. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiidae, Steph. Genus. CALiimorPHA? Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? Mopsa. Alis anticis fuscis fascia recta subapicali ; posticis sanguineis, basi, fascia media undata margineque nigris. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalzena (Noctua) Mopsa, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Madras. Upper Side. Antenne filiform and black. Thorax and abdomen chocolate, the latter edged with red. Anterior wings entirely of a dun chocolate colour, having a lemon-coloured streak crossing them from the lower corners to near the middle of the anterior edges. Posterior wings next the body almost 5 black; the remainder carmine, with a waved black line crossing them from the upper to the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi grey. Breast red, with two black spots on each side. Legs grey. Wings coloured as on the upper side; the red colour on the inferior ones reaching to the body. Margins of the wings entire. VANESSA ANACARDII. Plate IV. fig. 1, 2. ORDER : Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Vanessa, Fabricius, Latr. God. Wamadryades, Hiibn. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.) Drury. (Dan. Cand.) Linn. VANESSA ANACARDII. Alis subdentatis; supra margaritaceis extimumque versus nigro punctatis, anticis faleatis, posticis extis caudatis ocelloque ad angulum ani notatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Anacardii, Linn. Syst. Nat.11.758. No. 74.2 Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p, 183. 567.? Papilio (Nymph. Gemm.) Parrhasius, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio Ethiops, Pal. Beauv. Lep. pl. 3. fig. 1. 2. Papillon Opale, Pal. Beauv. texte. p. 22. Vanessa Aglatonice, Latr. God Enc. Meth. ix. p. 299.8. HABITAT: Sierra Leone (Drury). ‘ In Anacardio Americes,” (Zinn.) an recte? Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen dark green, the sides being white. Wings of a beautiful changeable colour, exhibiting, according to the direction im which the light falls upon them, a purple, red, blue, green, and white, the two latter beg the predominant colours. Anterior wings, along the external edges, black, with two pale blueish spots thereon near the tips, and two round black spots on the light part of the wings near the lower corners. Posterior wings with two tails, and edged with a border of a brownish blue running from the upper to the abdominal corners, having thereon a row of small black angular marks placed between the tendons; three round black spots are also placed near the upper corners, the lowest being the smallest; and at the abdominal corners is a small eye. whose pupil is red, and iris black. Under Side. Palpi, breast, legs, and abdomen white. The beautiful changeable colour is not seen on this side, all the wings being of a pale green. The anterior having two small eyes, the pupil being red, the iris white; the smallest of which is placed near the tips, the other lower, and towards the middle of the wing. A round black spot is also placed on these wings near the body, which in the figure is hid. A shade of a darker green, resembling a line, rises on these wings near the middle, and, crossing the inferior ones, meets below the abdomen. Posterior wings with two little eyes, placed near the upper and abdominal corners, having a faint resemblance of a border of a brighter green placed along the external edges. Wings angulated. Linnzus appears to have confounded this African insect with an American butterfly, figured by Mad. Merian, giving the name to the African species, with the additional habits of the American one. The copy of Drury’s work, which belonged to Linnzus, late in the library of Sir J. E. Smith (by whom the collections of the great Swede were pur- chased), and now in that of the Linnean Society, contains a pencil note, by its late possessor, of reference of this figure to the Anacardii of Linnzus. CALLIMORPHA? CAFRA. Plate V. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiide, Steph. GENUS. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Phalzena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA ? CAFRA. Alis albis, anticis strigis duabus transyersis, und humerali alteré medida, apiceque marginali nigricantibus, posticis lunulis punctisque submarginalibus atris. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) Cafra, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antennz deeply pectinated and brown. Head white. Thorax and abdomen yellowish grey. Anterior wings white, edged with a dull blackish colour, and a large patch of the same at the tips, with two streaks also running from the anterior edges almost across the wings; one near the shoulders, the other in the middle, both narrowing as they go, and ending in points. A little group of spots is also placed at the lower corners. Posterior wings white, but next the body yellow, with a very irregular dark border running along the external edges, on which are several white spots unevenly dispersed, and of various forms. Under Side. Palpi white, tipped with black. Fore legs red underneath, and black above, the ends being black: the other legs grey, the tips black. Breast and abdomen yellow grey. Wings coloured as on the upper side, but fainter. Margins of the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA? NERINA. Plate V. fig. 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Faminy: Arctiide, Steph. Genus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? NERINA. Alis anticis nigris, nervis basalibus luteis, fasciis duabus punctisque submarginalibus albidis, posticis fulyo-brunneis apice nigro, punctis submarginalibus albis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) Nerina, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne strongly pectinated and brown. Head brown, the front being white. Thorax brown, with two white streaks along it. Abdomen brown. Wings black, streaked with light brown from the shoulders along the tendons, and two light yellowish patches, almost crossing the wings from the anterior edges, with a row of white coloured spots placed along the external edges. Posterior wings dark yellow, with a deep black border running along the external edges from the upper to the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi black. Mouth white. Neck and breast yellow. Legs brown, and yellow at top, and white beneath. Abdomen white, streaked longitudinally with brown. Anus yellow. Wings coloured as on the upper side, but brighter. Margins of all the wings entire. NYMPHALIS DECIUS. Plate VI. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. FamiLy : Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus. NyMPHALIsS, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NyMPHALIS DeEcius. Alis supra fuscis, fasciaé communi alba; posticis caudatis, ad angulum ani rufis ocellis duobus. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio Decius, Cram. pl. 114. A.B. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 67. No. 210. Herbst. tab. 56. f. 112. Nymphalis D., Ene. Méth. ix. p. 363. Donovan Nat. Repos. 4. 109. Hapitat: Sierra Leone (Drury). Interior, near the Gold Coast (Donovan). Upper Side. Antenne black. Eyes, head, thorax, and abdomen brown. One-third of the superior wings next the body brown; apical half brownish black. These two colours divided by a white band or bar, which, beginning at the anterior edges, crosses these wings, and runs half way down the posterior ones, being edged with blue. Posterior wings furnished with two tails, the lower part of them being of a dark orange; next the body brown, and next the upper corners almost black. There are also two small eyes on these wings; one near the abdominal corners, the other at the middle of the external edges. Under Side. Palpi and tongue yellow brown. Breast and abdomen brown. Legs next the body brown, the extreme joints almost white. Wings next the body brown for about half an inch, when they suddenly become white, and gradually alter in colour to a blueish, and then to a dark brown all along their external edges, where the inferior wings have several small spots and eyes. Wings dappled with an innumerable quantity of small streaks. Wings angulated. Mr. Smeathman states that this species was taken at a considerable distance from the coast, and that it is exceedingly scarce. NYMPHALIS EUPALE. Plate VI. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SkEctTron: Diurna. FamiLty: Nymphalide, Swains. GENus. NYMPHALIS, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NyMPuHALIs EupALE, Alis supra argenteo-virescentibus, apice saturatiore, subtiis gramineis, punctis margina- libus nigris ocellatis. (Expans, Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. Urbic.) Eupale, Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783.) Papilio (Nymph.) Amasia, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 136. No. 419. (1793). Encyclop. Méth. ix. p. 389. (Nymphalis A.) HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Head and thorax dark greenish brown. Abdomen light green. Half the anterior wings next the body pea-green, the other half much darker green. The posterior wings also pea-green, but next the body paler, with a row of small different shaped brown spots placed along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi white. Tips black. Tongue green. Legs, breast, and abdomen white. Wings beautiful pea-green, with some different shaped silver spots, very small and dispersed over 8 different parts, particularly two near the tips. Abdominal groove white. These wings are slightly dentated. The anterior ones are entire. Mr. Smeathman states, that this species was obtained at a considerable distance from the coast, and that it is frequently seen in company with the groups of Nymph. Erithonius described in vol. ii. pl. 15. fig. 1. NYMPHALIS CAMILLUS. Plate VI. fig. 4. OrvER: Lepidoptera. Sxcrion: Diurna. Faminy: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympuHatuts, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NYMPHALIS CAMILLUS. Allis albis, fasciis fulvis nigro-marginatis, posticis bicaudatis angulo ani fulvo, punctis nigris albo marginatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio N. Camillus, Fabr. Spec. Ins. tom. 2. p. 11. No. 42. (1781). Ene. Méth. ix. p. 361. No. 39. (Nymphalis C.) Papilio (Eq. Ach.) Pantheus, Drury, App. vol. 2. (1783.) Hasirat : Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen brown, streaked with white. Wings white, edged with black. Anterior ones having a yellow streak next the shoulders, edged with black. Two others a little broader also rise at the anterior edges, and crossing these wings, are continued down the posterior ones almost to the abdominal corners, where they end in points; tips of these wings brown, edged with black, forming six square white spots. Posterior wings having two tails, abdominal corners yellow, with two round extensions of the wings like tails, with a singular group of small, black, white, and blue spots prettily contrasted. Under Side. Palpi yellow above, and white beneath, tipped with black. Breast, abdomen, and legs white. Wings nearly coloured as on the upper side; posterior having two remarkable oval black velvety spots at the abdominal corners. Wings dentated. NYMPHALIS ISIS. Plate VII. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurnae FAMILY: Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus. Nympuauis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. Nympuatts Isis. Alis fusco-nigris, anticis integris utrinque macula disci chermesina ; posticis dentatis, supra striga marginali albida. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6G lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Fest.) Isis, Drury, App. vol. 3, (1783.) Papilio N. Isis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 124. No. 377. (1793.) Donovan Ins. India, pl. 7. fig. 1. 2. HABITAT: Rio Janeiro. Under Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen brownish black. Wings very dark brown ; the anterior having a large triangular patch of carmine red situated near the posterior and external edges. The posterior have also a narrow white streak at the abdominal corners. 9 Upper Side. Palpi black above, white beneath. Breast, abdomen, and legs ash-coloured. Wings lighter brown than on the upper side; a pale flesh-coloured bar crossing the wings from the anterior to the external edges, being about half an inch broad, between which and the body are several small bloody spots and streaks. Anterior wings entire, the posterior dentated. It is by mistake that Donovan has introduced this Brazilian species into his work upon the Insects of India. NYMPHALIS ANTIOCHUS. Plate VII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna, FamiLty: Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus. NympHAtis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NYMPHALIS ANTIOCHUS. Alis supra holosericeo-nigris, fascia communi nitidé aurantia ; anticarum abbreviata. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc, 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Fest.) Antiochus, Linn. Mant. 1.537. Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabricius Ent. Syst.111. 1. p. 44. No. 134. Don. Ins. China, pl. Papilio Eupalemon, Cramer, tab. 143. fig. B.C. Le Velonté Daubenton pl. Eulum. 68. f. 3. 4. HABITAT: Brazil. Upper Side. Antennee, head, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings fine velvety black. An orange- coloured bar, about one-fourth of an inch broad, rises in the middle of the superior wings, running circularly and crossing the inferior ones, meeting about the middle of the abdominal edges. Under Side. Palpi white. Tongue brown. Breast and legs white. Abdomen yellow-brown. Wings shining brown, exhibiting various shades of changeable colours; the tips terminating in an ash colour. Wings scarcely dentated. Donovan has, in like manner, introduced this species into his work on the insects of China. HIPPARCHIA CLUENA. Plate VII. fig. 5, 6.” OxpdeER: Lepidoptera, Section: Diurna. FAaminy: Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus. Hipparcuia, Fabr. Satyrus, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. Hipparcuia CLuENA. Alis teneris, cinerascenti-violaceis, posticis dentatis utrinque ocellis quinqne atris, subtis lineis tribus fasciaque brunneis a costa anticarum deduetis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Cluena, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio (Satyrus) Clueria, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 229. No. 716. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 492. Hapirat: Brazil. Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antennze brown. Thorax and abdomen grey-brown. Wings blueish grey-brown, with two narrow dark lines crossing the anterior ones from the anterior to the posterior edges; one in the middle of the wings, the other near the thorax; the posterior ones having five oval eyes placed near the external edges, the pupil being white, the iris dark, almost black. Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, and abdomen grey. Wings blueish flesh-colour, with a line crossing them, rising at a small distance from the tips, ending a little above the abdominal corners, Tit Cc 10 the external part of it being brown. A small eye is placed near the tips of the superior ones, having a black and yellow iris and white pupil. Five eyes of the same kind are also placed on the inferior ones along the external edges. Margins of the wings slightly dentated. NYMPHALIS ARETHUSA. Plate VIII. fig. 1, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmILy: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NyMPpuHAtts, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NYMPHALIS ARETHUSA. Alis integris supra nitidé atris, virescenti-cceruleo multimaculatis; posticis subtis punctis baseos angulique ani rubris ¢. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio Arethusa, Cramer, pl. 77. E. F. (%.) pl. 130. fig. A. (Q Pap. Laodamia.) Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 43. Wo. 130. Nymphalis Arethusus. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 427. Donovan Nat. Repos. 2. pl. 48. fig. super. HABITAT: Brazil. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax-and abdomen black, spotted with light blue. Wings black, having a great number of small light blue spots sprinkled over every part, and variously shaped. Under Side. Palpi black, with a white streak on each. Tongue, legs, and breast black, the latter with bloody streaks on the side. Abdomen dark brown. Wings reddish dark brown; the anterior ones having two faint blue spots near the lower corners; and the posterior having a little group of bloody spots at the shoulders, with a row of the same coloured spots (five in all) placed along the external edges near the abdominal corners. Margins of the wings entire. ERYCINA JARBAS. Plate VIII. fig. 2. ORDER. Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Lyczenide? Steph. Genus. Erycrna, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Dan. Fest.), Drury. ERYCINA JARBAS. lis integerrimis atris, ceeruleo micantibus singulis utrinque fascia fulva, transyersali, media. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Fest.) Jarbas, Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783.) Hesperia (rur.) Ferditus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 323. No. 222. Erycina Perditus, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 590. No. 127. Hasitat: Brazil. “Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen nearly black. Wings brownish black. An orange-coloured bar, about a quarter of an inch broad, crosses the anterior wings from the middle of the anterior edges to the lower corners, from whence another of half that breadth crosses the posterior wings, meeting just below the anus. Under Side. Tongue, legs, breast, and abdomen dark brown, the latter having a small orange streak on each side. Wings coloured as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. ERYCINA MENETAS. Plate VIII. fig. 3. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famity: Lycwenide? Steph. Genus. Erycina, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Dan. Fest.), Drury. EryYCINA MENETAS. Alis chermesinis, limbo tenuissimo nigro, margine antico et externo anticarum latiori, flavoque maculato, posticis triangularibus. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. urb.) Menetas, Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783.) Hesperia R. Tacitus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 308. 168. (1793.) Erycina Tacitus, Ene. Méth. ix. p. 588. Donovan Nat. Reposit. 4, 134. Hasitat: “ Brazil, Mr. Bonifas, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Surinam ( Fabricius). Upper Side. Antenne black. Front of the head yellow. ‘Thorax black, with two yellow streaks at the base of the wings. Abdomen dark brown. Half of the superior wings black, beginning at the shoulders, and running to the external edges, on which are seven cream-coloured spots variously shaped. The other half of these wings is scarlet, without any marks. Posterior wings entirely scarlet, edged with black. Under Side. Palpi cream-coloured. Breast and abdomen light yellow. Legs black, but under- neath pale yellow. Wings coloured as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. Mr. Donovan has lately published ‘figures of the upper and under side of this butterfly (which closely resemble each other) in his Naturalist’s Repository. These figures do not however represent the peculiar character of the posterior pair of wings, neither is the author correct in his chronological account of this species, as Drury’s account and figure were published ten years previous to the Entomologia Systematica, in which work alone of Fabricius is the species mentioned. I have consequently retained the specific designation imposed by Drury, and adopted by the authors of the Encyclopédie Méthodique. PAPILIO ASCANIUS. Plate IX. fig. 1. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. Sect1on: Diurna. FAMILY: Papilionide, Leach. GeNus. PaprLi0, Auct. Papilio (Equit. Troj.), Linn. PapPitio Ascantivs. Alis nigris, fascié communi alba, posticarum rubro inquinata; his caudatis, maculis marginalibus chermesinis. (Expans. Alar. 4 une.) Syn. Papilio Ascanius, Cramer, pl. 14. fig. A. Fabricius Spec. Ins. tom. 2. p.2. No.6. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 3. No. 8. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 73. Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lepid. 1. 806. 141. HasBitat: Brazil. “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the latter tinged with orange. Anterior wings sootty black, having a broad white bar rising near the middle of the anterior edges, which crossing them and the anterior ones, meets just below the abdomen. These wings are furnished with two tails, and scolloped, the scollops being white. All the lower part of these wings is of a fine deep black, whereon are placed five red streaks between the tendons, running along the external edges. This black margin is separated from the white bar before mentioned by a carmine red one, and the space between the white bar and the shoulders is of a soot black. C2 12 Under Side. Palpi reddish. Tongue and legs black. Breast black, with red spots on the sides. Abdomen black, with the sides and anus red. Wings on this side coloured as on the upper side, but rather more brilliant. ERYCINA AMPYX. Plate IX. fig. 2, 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FamiLy: Lyecenide? Steph. Genus. Erycina, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Dan. Fest.), Drury. Erycina AMpyx. Alis subintegris supra fuscis, anticarum maculis duabus flavis ; subtus omnibus flavis, maculis ferrugineis auro-pupillatis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pl. urb.) Ampyx, Drury, App. vol. 3. Eryecina Ampyx, Latr. § God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 586. No. 105. Hasitat: Brazil. “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1776” (Drury’s MS3.). Upper Side. Antenne white, brown at their extremities. Thorax, abdomen, and wings brown; the anterior wings having two oval straw-coloured spots placed near the middle, and the anterior edges of the posterior ones streaked with the same colour. Under Side. Palpi, breast, legs, and abdomen straw-coloured. Wings straw-coloured, being spotted and streaked with red brown, each of these markings appearing to have a gold spot or streak in its centre, forming a very beautiful and singular appearance. Margins of the anterior wings entire, but of the posterior ones a little dentated. PAPILIO AGAVUS. Plate IX. fig. 4. OrvER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Diurna. Famriiy: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. Paprxio, Auct. Papilio (Equit. Troj.), Linn. Papitio AGAvus. Alis atris concoloribus ; anticis fascia, posticis disco, albidis ; his caudatis lunulis marginalibus anguloque anali chermesinis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Achiv.) Agavus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Stoll. Suppl. Cram. pl. 32.1.1. A. Latr. & God. Enc. Méth. ix. p.73. Boisd. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. p. 306. 142. Papilio Lysander? Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 9 HapitTatT: Brazil. Upper Side. Antenne black. Neck red. Thorax, abdomen, and wings black. A narrow straw- coloured bar runs from the anterior edges of the superior ones near the tips, and, crossing the posterior edges, terminates in a large spot of the same colour on the posterior wings, situated near the shoulders. Posterior wings furnished with two short and two longer tails, and having two large carmine-coloured spots placed near the abdominal corners, and three others, that are smaller, along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi and tongue black. Breast the same, the sides having streaks of red on them. Abdomen black, and the sides streaked with red. Wings nearly the same colour as on the upper side; the red spots on the posterior ones being more numerous, and those at the abdominal corners not so large. NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) ETESIPE. Plate X. ORDER: Lepidoptera, Linn. SEcTION: Diurna, Latr. FAmiLty: Nymphalidw, Swainson. Genus. NympuHauis, Latr. Papilio (Eq. achiy-) Zinn. Drury. Papilio Nymphalis, Fabr. (SuBpGENvs Charaxes, Boisduval.) NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) ETESIPE. Alis supra atro-ceeruleis, subtus albo griseo nigro ferrugineoque marmo- ratis; utrinque fascia alba, media, anticarum interrupta. (Expaxs. Alar. 3 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Nymphalis Etesipe, Latr. §& God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 355. No. 19. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Etheocles, Drury, App. vol. 3. (nee Fabricius.) Hasirat: “Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. ‘Thorax and abdomen nearly black. The external part of the wings black, but next the body of a blueish cast. A blueish white bar, about a third of an inch in breadth, rises in the superior wings, and, crossing the inferior, meets just below the abdomen. At the tips of the former are five small oblong whiteish spots, and two larger, placed close to the forementioned bar, but separated from it by the tendons of the wing. Posterior wings furnished with four short tails of equal length, having four small white spots at the abdominal corners, and a small yellow crescent about the middle of the external edge. Under Side. Palpi, legs, and breast white. Abdomen brown. Anterior wings next the body of a blueish ash-colour, which becomes darker as it approaches the external edges. Half these wings next the body, is adorned with many differently shaped spots of a dirty red, verged with black. A range of not less than seven oblong black spots is situated along the external edges, and the whiteish bar, visible on the upper side, is here to be seen, but not so regular. The ground of the posterior wings is the same colour as the anterior, with several reddish spots differently shaped, and verged with black. Anterior edges white, and along the external edges are a number of small black spots and streaks not to be distinctly described. The name of Etheocles, which Drury applied to this insect, without any reference to Fabricius, had been previously employed by that author for a distinct but nearly allied species, which he indeed regarded as identical with Drury’s insect. The distinctions between the two species were first pointed out in the Encyclopédie Methodique, in which work the name adopted above was given to Drury’s insect. NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) BERENICE. Plate XI. fig. 1, 2. OrprER: Lepidoptera, Linn. Section: Diurna, Laty. Faminy: Nymphalidae, Swainson. Genus. NympuHatts, Latr. Papilio (Eq. achiv.) Linn. Drury. Papilio Nymphalis, Fabr. (SUBGENUS : Charaxes, Botsduval.) NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) BERENICE. Alis supra nigris, fascia communi rufa, disco nigro maculato ; posticis subtus albo, flavo ferrugineoque maculatis- (Expans. Alar. 3 une, 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Berenice, Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783.) Fabr. Mant. Ins. 2. p. 48. No. 471. (1787.) Papilio Zingha, Cramer, pl. 315. fig. B. C. Herbst. t. 151. fig. 3.4. Donovan Nat. Repos. 3. 107. Hapitat: “Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). 14 Upper Side. Antennee black, with four white spots at the base and four on the sides of the neck. Thorax and abdomen yellow brown. Wings black, like velvet; anterior having the middle occupied by a large triangular space of a deep orange, crossing the posterior ones, and meeting at the body: on the anterior edges of this orange division are two distinct black spots, and a third very faint, situate in the middle of these wings. Posterior wings having two projections at the abdominal corners, like the rudiments of tails, with four yellow spots, and two very small white ones above them. A range of red spots, some of them very small, runs along the external edges of these wings, reaching from the upper to the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi yellow. Breast black, with yellow and white streaks and spots on its side and front. Fore legs very short and black, the tips being white. Anterior wings along the anterior edges of a dark yellowish grey, the tendons being black; posterior parts of these wings reddish, verged with black, and having a number of different shaped black spots on them. Posterior wings black, but along the anterior edges cream-coloured, with five distinct round black spots on each; the remaining parts of these wings being beautifully adorned with a variety of different colours running among each other. Wings dentated. BIBLIS ARIADNE? Plate XI. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Faminy : Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Brpuis, Fabr. Latr. God. BIBLIs ARIADNE? Alis denticulatis, anticarum apice truncato, griseis, strigis nigris undulatis ; subtus rufescenti- fuscis nigro yariis, anticis apice puncto costali albo. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 5 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph.) Ariadne, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2.778? Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 883.? Papilio Coryta, Cramer, pl. 86. E. F. Papilio Merione, Cramer, pl. 144. G. H.? Biblis Ariadne, Enc. Méth. ix. 327. HapitatT: Coromandel, Java (Enc. Méth.). “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antennee black. ‘Thorax and abdomen grey brown. Wings grey, and appearing mealy, shaded with blackish brown, particularly the anterior ones along the external edges, and next the body along the anterior margin. Posterior ones also strongly shaded along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi rather long, and dark brown, almost black. Breast, legs, and abdomen dark brown. Wings dark reddish brown, faintly shaded with streaks and marks of a darker brown, having two small white spots at the anterior edges of the anterior wings near the tips. Wings dentated. Drury refers this insect to the Linnean Ariadne, which is from Java. It is therefore with doubt that I give it the preceding synonyms, especially as Lepidopterists have neglected to cite Drury’s figures. NYMPHALIS ELEUS. Plate XII. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. FAmILy: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympuHAuts, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NYMPHALIS ELEvs. Alis utrinque testaceis, apice supra eeneo, anticarum fascia, posticarum punctis in simplici serie, albis. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Eleus, Drury, App. vol.3. Fabr.. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 51. No. 156. Eneycl. Meth. ix. 391. Nymphalis Eleus, Donovan Natur. Repos. 4. 113. Hapirat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1774” (Drury’s MSS.). “ America” ( Fubricius incorrectly ). , y y Upper Side. Antenne black, with two small white spots at the base. Thorax and abdomen black, spotted with two rows of white spots, in pairs, from the neck to the anus; those on the abdomen being the least. Half the superior wings next the tips black, with two white streaks thereon placed obliquely; the other half next the body dirty orange, the anterior edges being black. Posterior wings dirty orange, bordered along the external edges with black, whereon is a row of seven oval white spots on each wing, placed at equal distances. Under Side. Palpi and breast orange. Fore legs orange, the rest white. Wings on this side dark orange-coloured. The white streaks near the tips of the anterior ones are very plain. Anterior edges of the posterior wings white, and the row of white spots along the external edges are here very conspicuous, each being verged with black. Mr. Donovan has satisfactorily proved, from information derived both from Jones and Drury’s MSS., that Fabricius erroneously gave America as the habitat of this insect. ERYCINA BAUCIS. Plate XII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Lycenide? Steph. Genus. Erycina, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Drury. ErycinA Baucts. Alis anticis fuscis, ocello minuto apicali, fascid communi abbreviata alba, posticis caudatis ocello auriformi externo. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Baucis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hapirat: “Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS8.). Upper Side. Antenne, thorax, and abdomen black. Anterior wings next the body nearly black, a third next the tips greyish brown, with a circular eye thereon; the iris being black and yellow, the pupil blue. A white streak rises on these wings, which crossing the posterior edges, ends at the middle of the posterior ones in a sharp point. Posterior wings blackish brown, the upper corners being greyish brown, where is a yellow mark, not unlike a human ear, the inner part being tinged with a shining blue colour. These wings are furnished with two broad tails, which suddenly become narrow and short, the tips white, and along the edges streaked with blue. 16 Under Side. Palpi wanting. Feet yellow. Breast white. Anterior wings lighter coloured than on the upper side. The white streaks are very conspicuous, and near the tips is another streak of ash-colour. The eye at the tips is very discernible. Posterior wings lighter coloured on this side, being chiefly ash-colour, with a brown streak longitudinally placed, verged at the bottom with yellow and blue streaks. The ear-like mark is also very plain on this side. ACRAA HYPATIA. Plate XIII. fig. 1, 2. OrveER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famity: Heliconiide. Genus. AcraA, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Helicon.), Drury. Acr@A Hypatra. Alis oblongis integerrimis fulvis, punctis plurimis margineque externo nigris, posticarum eodem margine supra immaculato, subtus flavo maculato. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin ) Syn. Papilio (Helic.) Hypatia, Drury, App. vol. 8. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 168. No. 504. Ene. Méth. ix. p- 232. (Acrea H.) HapitaT: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Head yellowish. ‘Thorax and abdomen brown; the former having two white spots near the neck, and two more at a little distance. The latter having several white spots, placed in pairs down to the anus. Wings fine flesh-coloured ; anterior tipped with black, and verged with the same colour along their anterior and external edges. They are also clouded with black next the body, and have eleven distinct black spots on each, one of which next the tips is very long. Posterior wings having a broad black fringe along the external edges, and eleven distinct black spots on each, some of which are very small. Under Side. Palpi yellow brown. Legs black and yellow. Breast black, spotted with white on its side. Wings nearly coloured as on the upper side; the anterior being not quite so brilliant, nor so strongly tipped with black. All the black spots on the outside of these wings are also seen here; but the black clouds next the body are wanting. Posterior wings next the body tinged with orange, and the black spots are much larger and more distinct and numerous than on the outside. Black fringe on the external edges, with seven white spots placed regularly, close to each other. According to Mr. Smeathman, this butterfly and that represented in figures 3 and 4 of this plate, and indeed all the ‘ Heliconii,” are found in great numbers in those places where they breed, and are observed to bask and sport as much as possible in the sunshine, retiring towards sunset in great crowds to particular bushes. ‘They breed chiefly in recent plantations, and near towns in general, so that, comparatively speaking, few of them are found in the ancient forests. Such however as inhabit them fly about the tops of the highest trees, seeking the honey from their flowers, and are seldom seen below. ACRAIA MENIPPE. Plate XIII. fig. 3, 4. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. FAmtny: Heliconiide. Genus. Acrma, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Helicon.), Drury. AcR#%A MENIPPE. Alis oblongis integerrimis, anticis supra fuscis nigro-punctatis ; ad apicem fascia abbreviata maculisque marginalibus albidis ; posticis fascia fulva lata transversa. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Helic.) Menippe, Drury, App. vol. 3. Stoll. Suppl. Cram. pl. 28. fig.1. Herbst. tab. 81.f. 4. 5. Papilio H. Zetes? Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 766. No. 110 Acrea Zethea, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 236. HABITAT: Sierra Leone, and other parts of the Western Coast of Africa. Upper Side Antenne black. Thorax black, with a row of four faint white spots next the neck. Abdomen at the base black, with yellow spots on the sides, the extremity being yellowish. Anterior wings very dark brown, almost black, clouded with faint dark orange marks and dark yellow spots, particularly along the external edges. Posterior wings deep orange, clouded with black next the body, and a deep black border along the external edges, with a row of eight small red spots running along the middle of it: these wings have also seven, eight, or more black spots on them. Under Sire. Palpi yellowish. Breast black, spotted with white on its sides. Anterior wings dusky orange-brown along the external edges, whereon is a row of dark orange oval spots, a whiteish cloud next them, and several different shaped black spots on the other part of the wings. Posterior wings cream- coloured, verged along the external edges with black, whereon is a row of white spots, and above it a row of small and very faint red ones: these wings next the body have a patch of a deep black, spotted with white, and verged with faint orange, and also several black spots. This insect has been regarded as the Zetes of Linneus ; it does not appear however to agree with the Linnean description, in which the anterior wings are said to be “ nebulosis, punctatis :’ oJ > nor with the habitat ‘in Indiis” given of that species. HELICONIA GAZORIA, Plate XIII. fig. 5, 6. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Faminy: Heliconiide. Genus. Heviconta, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Helicon. ), Linn. §e. HexiconrA GAzor1A. Alis oblongis integerrimis, dimidiatim flavis hyalinisque margine exteriori fusco, posticis subtus (@ ) macula baseos aurantiaca (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Heliconia Gazoria, Latr. § God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 214. No. 35. Papilio (Hel.) Euriteea, Drury, App. vol. 3. (exclus. Syn. Crameri.) HABITAT: Rio Janeiro, Brazil. Upper Side.” Antennx black. Head black, with small white spots. Neck orange. ‘Thorax black, with grey marks. Abdomen black at top, and grey on the sides. Wings yellowish white, verged and tipped with black, without any marks or spots on them. Under Side. Palpi and breast grey. Legs black. Abdomen white. Anus yellowish. Wings coloured as on the upper side. Ill D BIBLIS HIARBAS. Plate XIV. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. GeENus. Brsuis, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphal. Phal.), Drury. BrBiis HIARBAS. Alis dentatis, fuscis; fascia utrinque communi alba, posticarum latiore, anticarum abbreviata. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Ph.) Hiarbas, Drury, App. vol.3. Donovan Ins. India, pl. 3. fig. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 128. Wo. 391. Biblis Hiarba, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 824, 2. Hasirar: Sierra Leone (Drury). Cape of Good Hope (J. O. W.). Upper Side. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings deep brown, almost black : a white bar rises on the anterior ones near the tips, and running parallel with the external edges crosses the posterior ones, and ends just below the abdomen, gradually widening. Posterior wings at the abdominal corners tipped with orange, and haying a double row of narrow white crescents along the external edges; the anterior wings having only a single row. Under Side. Palpi white. Breast and legs grey-brown. Abdomen yellowish. The white bar and row of crescents nearly as on the upper side, but all the brown parts are prettily spotted and variegated with red-brown spots of different shapes; the general colour of the wings being a greyish brown. Wings dentated. Fabricius cites Drury’s collection alone for this species, incorrectly giving India as its habitat. Drury had previously stated it to have been received from Sierra Leone. Donovan, relying upon the former rather than the latter, figured the insect in his ‘ Epitome of the Insects of India.” NYMPHALIS SEMIRE. Plate XIV. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Nympuauis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NYMPHALIS SEMIRE. Alis subdentatis fuscis, fascia utrinque viridi interrupta, posticis ad angulum ani ferru- gineo maculatis ; subtus omnibus basi luteis, nigro punctatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (N.) Semire, Fabr. Spec. Ins, tom. 2. p. 88. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 114. No. 351. Cramer, pl. 194. Jig. B.C. Papilio (N. Ph.) Hippolyte, Drury, App. vol. 3. Nymphalis Semire, Latr. § God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 392. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen yellowish brown. Wings dusky greenish brown, and spotted with round black spots at the base. Anterior having ten distingt spots of a pea- green, of different sizes and forms. Posterior wings with a large central patch of pea-green, which being divided by the tendons appear like six distinct long spots; below this patch is a row of faint reddish triangular spots. Under Side. Palpi and legs pale yellow. Breast grey. Abdomen yellowish. Wings with the ees 19 black spots much stronger, and the green spots more distinct than on the upper side. The general colour of the wings is much lighter, with a broadish cream-coloured bar running along the external edges, which, being separated by the tendons of the wings, appear like distinct streaks. | Wings dentated. VANESSA DELIUS. Plate XIV. fig. 5, 6. OrveER: Lepidoptera. SEcTion: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalidew, Swains. GeNus. VANEsSA, Fabr. Latr. God. Hamadryades, Hiibn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Drury. VANESSA DeELius. Alis dentatis supra fulyis basi extimoque fuscis, anticis apice strig& punctorum alborum ; posticis macula discoidali oblonga ocellisque duobus analibus nigris, his extus caudatis, illis falcatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une, 5 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Delius, App. vol. 3. (1783.) Papilio N. Eurocilia, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 79. No. 247. (1793.) Vanessa Demonica, Latr. § God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 301. No. 14. (1819.) HasiraT: Sierra Leone, with the two preceding (Drury). “ In Indiis” (Fabr.). America? (Ene. Méth.). Upper Side. Antenne black. ‘Thorax and abdomen red-brown. Anterior wings nearly black at the base, and also half of them next the tips, whereon are five small white spots, the middle of them being of a dark orange. Posterior wings also black at the base; each of them is furnished with two tails, the outward ones the longest; the external edges being bordered with dark brown, almost black, and all the middle part of the wing is dark orange. Under Side. Palpi and legs yellowish. Breast dark brown. Abdomen yellowish. Wings with blackish and dark brown spots and marks, not to be distinctly described. Anterior wings with a broad yellowish bar crossing them from the anterior edges to the lower corners; while the posterior are also remarkable for a blueish patch placed between the outer tails and the abdominal corners. The locality given by our author is evidently correct, because he was furnished with information respecting its habits by Mr. Smeathman, who stated that it breeds chiefly near open and cultivated spots, or in recent plantations, and sports in the sun like the Acree. MORPHO LAERTES. Plate XV. fig. 1. OrvER: Lepidoptera. SecTrron: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalid~, Swains. Genus. Morpuo, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Equit. Achiv.), Drury. Morruo LakErtes. Alis subdentatis, utrinque margaritaceo-albis, anticarum fascia costali nigra, posticis subtus striga ocellorum lunulisque marginalibus. (Expans. Alar. 6 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Achiv.) Laertes, Drury, App. vol.3. Esper Pap. Exot. tab. 43. f. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 84. Wo. 262. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 444. (Morpho L.) Papilio Epistrophus, Fabr. Ind. Alphab. to Ent. Syst.p.124. Donovan Nat. Repos, 4. 148. HABITAT: Brazil. Upper Side. Antenne white. Thorax and abdomen whiteish. Wings blueish white ; anterior tipped with dark brown, with half the front edges next the body verged with dark brown, which, at the extremity, D2 20 joins to a streak about three-fourths of an inch long, running from these edges towards the centre of the wing, near to which is placed two darkish round spots. Posterior wings having a row of dark crescents placed along the external edges, which becomes double near the abdominal corners; and a row of faint whiteish streaks crossing them from the anterior to the abdominal edges, meeting about an inch below the body. Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, and abdomen white. Wings coloured as on the upper side. The two round spots on the anterior ones are black; and the row of faint-coloured streaks crossing the posterior ones are here very strong; each streak being white, and placed on a brown ground, edged with yellow. Margins of the wings slightly dentated. Fabricius, in the Entomologia Systematica, described two butterflies under the name of Papilio (N.) Laertes, No. 226. from Surinam figured by Cramer, and No. 262, from South America, figured by Drury. As the former species had the priority in point of date, Fabricius, in the alphabetical index to that work, altered the name of Drury’s insect to Kpistrophus. By the establishment, however, of the genus Morpho, comprising the insect figured by Drury, the difficulty is obviated, and as the species is universally known under the name of Laertes, it does not appear requisite to adopt the name of Epistrophus. NYMPHALIS (CATAGRAMMA) HYDASPES. Plate XV. fig. 2, 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FamiLy: Nymphalide, Swains. GeNus. Nympuatis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis), Fabr. SuBGENUS: Catagramma, Boisduval. NYMPHALIs (CATAGRAMMA) HyDAspEs. Alis subdentatis, nigris, basi supra nitidé cyaneis, anticis utrinque fascia chermesina abbreviata; posticis subtis aunulis duobus flavis punctisque quatuor ocellaribues. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 10 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Hydaspes, Fabr. MSS. cited by Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783.) nee Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 54. No. 167. (1793.) Nymphalis Hydaspes, Latr. § God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 424. (nee Cat. Hydaspes, Boisd. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. pl. 9. f. 2., Donovan Nat. Repos. vol. 2. pl. 60.) Biblis Hesperia, Perty Delect. Anim. art. Bras. pl. 30.f. 4. a.b. HAsitaT: Brazil. Upper Side. Antenne black. Eyes, thorax, and abdomen dark brown, nearly black. Anterior wings black, but of a fine shining blue at the base. A streak of a beautiful red colour crosses these wings from the middle of the anterior edges to the lower corners, stopping at a little distance therefrom. Posterior wings black, with a most beautiful blue patch on them next the body. Under Side. Palpi black. Mouth white. Tongue and breast black. Abdomen white. Anterior wings nearly coloured as on the upper side, but next the body verged with white. A white streak also crosses them near the tips; and at a small distance from the body is placed a small round spot of a most beautiful red colour. Posterior wings black, with white lines running along the abdominal and outer edges. The centre is adorned with four small round spots, three blue, one white, surrounded by a white line in a oval form. Wings slightly dentated. (9) iL < Drury referred this insect to the then unpublished Papilio Hydaspes, on the authority of Fabricius’s handwriting, (his specimen having most probably been thus labelled by that author.) The authors of the Encyclopédie Méthodique also cite Drury’s figure under Hydaspes. Fabricius, however, cites only the Banksian Cabinet, and Mr. Donovan’s figure taken from the Banksian specimen, and published in the Naturalist’s Repository, Vol. 2. Pl. 60. convinces us that Drury’s insect is specifically distinct from that described by Fabricius, although evidently identical with the insect described as Hydaspes in the Encyclopédie Méthodique. Under these circumstances I have considered it most advisable to retain the name of Hydaspes for Drury’s insect, under which name it was known for the space of ten years before the publication of the Fabrician Hydaspes, to which a new specific name must be applied. As there are several other nearly allied Brazilian species, it is not impossible that Fabricius, from recollection alone, applied the name of Hydaspes to Drury’s specimen, having previously described the insect from the Banksian Cabinet, the under surface of which especially is very different from that figured by Donovan. NYMPHALIS HIPPONA. Plate XVI. fig. 1, 2. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna FAminty: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympuHatis, Latr. God. Pupilio(Nymphialis), Fabr. NyMPHALIS Hippona. Alis supra nigris, anticis fulvo flavoque variis: posticis caudatis basi fulvo apice nigro strig’ marginali punctorum alborum. (Expans. Alar. 4 une.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph.) Hippona, Fabr. Sp. Ins. 2. p. 54. No. 258. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 180. No, 559. Donovan Ins. India, pl. 35. fig.* Encyel. Meth. ix. p. 362. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Cramer, pl. 90. fig. C. D. Stoll Suppl. Cramer, pl. 2. fig. 1. & 1. A. B.C. Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasrrat: Brazil (Drury). Guiana, Antilles ( Anc. Méth.). Upper Side. Antennz black at the base, but yellow at the extremities. Thorax and abdomen greenish brown. Anterior wings angulated, and black, but orange-brown at the base ; posterior edges verged with black. An irregular indented yellow bar crosses them from the middle of the anterior edges to the middle of the external ones; and near the tips are placed two white spots, one large, of an oval shape, and asmall round one. Posterior wings with two tails, chiefly of a yellow-brown colour, but having a black circular patch placed along the external edges, and reaching nearly from the abdominal to the upper corners, whereon are placed three white crescents and a small round spot. Under Side. Palpi yellowish. Tongue dark brown. Legs yellowish. Breast dark brown. Abdomen yellowish. Wings ornamented with such a variety of soft colours, as renders it impossible to describe them minutely. The transformations of this curious species have been figured by Stoll in his supple- mentary volume to Cramer. The caterpillar is of a dark green, with a black dorsal lme and lateral spots of the same colour. The head is black, with two yellow spots, and furnished with two short obtuse spines. It lives upon a plant called “ poirvier,” feeding 22 only by night, remaining during the day concealed in a kind of case, which it forms by rolling up a leaf. The chrysalis is short, and thick, without angular prominences, of a grey colour, with black dots. It attaches itself by the tail to the stem of the plant upon which it feeds. Fabricius erroneously gives India as the habitat of this species, whence Donovan has introduced it into his work upon the insects of that country. NYMPHALIS ORSIS ¢. Plate XVI. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTIoN: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympuHAtis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis), Fabr. NYMPHALIS ORsIs. Alis nigris, (in mare ceeruleo-micantibus) strigis tribus macularibus albis, prima et secunda corpus secantibus. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Nymph. Phal.) Orsis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio (N.) Oisis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 124. No. 378. (g.) Ene. Méth. ix. p. 381, No. 102. (Nymphalis O.) Papilio N. Blandina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p.129.(9-) Donovan Ins. India, No. 2. pl. 1. f. 3. HABITAT: Brazil (Drury, §c.). In Indiis (Fabr.). East India (Donovan, erroneously). Upper Side. Antenne, thorax, and abdomen brown, the latter having six spots on it. Wings very dark changeable blue; anterior having a pale streak crossing them a little way on each side the thorax, with several other small ones on other parts. Under Side. Palpi very small, hairy, and white. Thorax, legs and abdomen white. Wings pale red-brown, having a shade of darker colour running along their external edges, and on the anterior ones are placed two faint-coloured streaks, running from the external edges towards the middle of the wings. Margins of the wings angulated and dentated. CASTNIA THAIS. Plate XVI. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: 2? (Hesperi-Sphinges, Latr.) FAMILY: Castniide. Genus. Castnia, Fabr. Latr. God. Dalm. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.), Drury. CastNIA THAIS. Alis anticis supra fusco-viridibus, nitidis, basi fasciisque duabus carneo-griseis ; posticis rubris fasciis duabus margineque nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Thais, Drury, App. vol. 3. Castnia Thalaira, Latr. God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 800. No. 14. HABITAT: Brazil. Upper Side. Antenne brown. Thorax, abdomen, and anterior wings red-brown; the latter having two streaks or bars of a lighter colour crossing them from the anterior edges to the posterior and external ones; one crossing the middle of the wing, the other nearer the tips. Posterior wings orange; the lower part black along the external edge, whereon are placed a row of square orange-coloured 23 spots, those next the upper corners reaching to the edge; a black line also crosses these wings, beginning just below the body, and running almost across to the upper corner. Under Side. Palpi and thorax red-brown. Abdomen yellowish. Anterior wings yellowish clay- coloured, with three black lines crossing them transversely, the middle one being the broadest. Posterior wings orange-brown, with a small white spot placed near the centre. Margins of the wings plain. HESPERIA OPHION. Plate XVII. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SECTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Hesperiidz, Steph. Genus. Hesperia, Fabr. Latr. Erinnys p. Schr. Papilio (Pleb. Urb.), Drury. HESPERIA OpHION. Alis fuscantibus, anticis utrinque punctis quinque discoidalibus alterisque tribus sub- apicalibus albis ; posticis subtis albis margine antico nigro 3-maculato serieque punctorum submargi- nalium. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 10 lin.) : Syn. Papilio (Pleb. Urb.) Ophion, Drury, App.vol. 3. Stoll Suppl. Cram, pl. 26, f. 4. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Head with five small white spots. Thorax, abdomen, and wings dark greyish brown; anterior wings having a cluster of five small oval transparent white spots placed near the middle of the wings, and three very small round spots of the same kind nearer the tips. Several faint dark spots are also dispersed on these and the inferior wings. Under Side. Palpi above brown, beneath white. Breast, legs, and abdomen white. Anterior wings coloured as on the upper side. Posterior white, but along the anterior edges brown, where are three black spots placed on each wing. A row of brown spots is also placed along the external edges, and another row of very small ones above them. Margins of the wings entire. The African species of Hesperiide (according to Mr. Smeathman), including those represented in these and the two following figures, sport in the sun, and are remarkable for their very sudden and rapid short flights from bush to bush. HESPERIA (EUDAMUS) ORION. Plate XVII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAmity: Hesperiide. Genus. Hesperia, Latr. Fabr. Thymele p. Fabr. (Syst. Gl.) Heteropterus, Dumeril. SUBGENUS: Eudamus, Swains. Boisd. HESPERIA (EUDAMUS) ORION. Alis nigro fuscis, anticis fascié tenui maculari subbifidé punctisque subapica- libus ; posticarum limbo externo caudisque albis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Papilio Orion, Fabr. Mant. Ins. 2. p.85. No.774. Cramer, pl. 155. f. A. B. Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio (Pleb. Urb.) Proteus, var. B. Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 333. Enc. Méth. ix. p.729. No. 4. (Hesp. O.) Eudamus Doryssus, Swainss Zool. Illustr. N. Ser. pl. 48. Habitat: Sierra Leone (Drury, correctly ?). Brazil, Surinam (Fabr. Enc. Méth. Se. ). Upper Side. Antenne black. ‘Thorax, abdomen, and wings dark olive brown. Anterior wings having a small narrow transparent white line crossing them from the anterior edges to the lower corners, 24, intersected by the brown tendons of the wings. Posterior wings terminating in two white, short, and broad tails. Under Side. Palpiwhite. Breast, abdomen, and wings coloured as on the upper side; the posterior differing merely in having their outward edges bordered with white. This insect belongs to the subgenus Eudamus proposed by Mr. Swainson, im the new series of his beautiful Zoological Ilustrations, and appears in no respect to differ from that which he has figured under the name of Eudamus Doryssus. He observes that the type of this group is the Hesperia Proteus Fabr. ; that all the species, of which there are nearly thirty, are from America; that their flight is exceedingly rapid in the morning and evening, and that they rest with their wings perpendicular. Drury, on the other hand, gives Sierra Leone as the habitat, and adds, moreover, on the authority of Mr. Smeathman, that this species, like the last, sports in the sun, and is remarkable for the very rapid short flights it takes from bush to bush, so as to be caught with great difficulty. In his manuscripts, however, I find this species marked as being from ‘“ Madras, Mr. Skeene, 1772.” NYMPHALIS JANAIS. Plate XVII. fig. 5, 6. OrDER: Lepidoptera, SecTron: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympuHatis, Latr. God. Papilio (Nymphalis), Fabr. NyMPHALIs Janats. Alis subdentatis, nigris ; anticis utrinque albo-punctatis ; posticis supra disco rubro, subtus basi flavo et nigro, punctato. (Expans. Alar, 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Janais, Drury, App. vol. 3. Nymphalis J., Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 392. No, 146. Hasrrat: “ Sierra Leone” (Drury, intext). “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne, thorax, abdomen, and anterior wings black, the latter with a number of small white spots dispersed over different parts of the wings. Posterior wings black; the middle part fine carmine red, the scolloping next the abdominal corners being verged with white. Under Side. Palpi black. Legs brown. Breast and abdomen black. Anterior wings coloured as on the upper side. Posterior wings as on the upper side, but next the body having a large patch of a yellow colour, on which are several small black spots. The red part of these wings is surrounded by a row of small white spots, placed on the black ground. ACRAIA UMBRA. Plate XVIII. fig. 1, 2. OrvER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. Famity: Heliconiide. Genus. Acr@aA, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Heliconii), Fabr. olim. Acrk&A UMBRA. Alis oblongis integerrimis brunneis, extimo supra laté fusco, posticis subtus ad basin nigro punctatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Fest.) Umbra, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio (Hel. U.), Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p.172. No.535. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 236. (Acreea U.) HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. ‘Thorax black, with several white spots. Abdomen black, with five dark yellow spots on each side, and five rings of the same colour placed between them. Apical half the anterior wings a very dark brown, almost black; basal half, dark yellow-brown. One-third of the posterior wings, next the outer edges, almost black ; the remainder of a dark yellow-brown. The black spots described on the under side are discernible on this side. Under Side. Palpi black above, but whiteish underneath. Legs the same. Breast nearly black, with white spots. Abdomen yellowish. Anterior wings a very dark brown of a yellowish tinge; the posterior having a number of small black spots (about 18) situate near the body. Margins of the wings nearly entire. The minute black spots at the base of the posterior wings, described by Drury and Fabricius, are not represented in the figure. ACRZEA DICE. Plate XVIII. fig. 3, 4. OrveER: Lepidoptera. SecTIoN: Diurna. FAMILY: Heliconiide. Genus. AcCR#HA, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Helicon.), Fabr. olim Acrk#A Dice. Alis oblongis integerrimis concoloribus, anticis hyalino-cinerascentibus ; posticis fulvis nigro- punctatis, margine exteriori laté hyalino. (Expans. Alar 2 unc. 1} lin.) Syn. Papilio (Helicon.) Dice, Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783.) Papilio (H.) Quirina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 159. No. 492. (1793.) Ene. Méth. ix. p. 231. No. 2. (Acreea Q.) Hasrrat: “Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury'’s MSS.). Madras (Fabricius ). Upper Side. Antenne, eyes, thorax, and abdomen black; the latter having a row of white spots on each side, extending to the anus. Anterior wings thin and diaphanous; with a red streak along their posterior edges, reaching to the body from the lower corners, whereon is a small black line close to the body, with a small black round spot just below it. Posterior wings red, having a diaphanous border running along the external edges from the upper to the abdominal corners. These wings next the body are dark brown, and on the red are dispersed several small black spots, varying in number. Under Side. Palpi brown. Fore legs yellow; the others yellow and brown. Breast spotted black and white. Abdomen ringed with yellow. Wings coloured as on the upper side, but the red is fainter ; the dark brown part on this side is grey, and the black spots larger and more distinct. Margins of the wings entire. Ill E ACRAA CIRCEIS. : Plate XVIII. fig. 5, 6. OrperR: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famiiy: Heliconiide. Genus. AcrmaA, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Heliconii), Fabr. olim. Acr#A Crrcets. Alis oblongis integerrimis; anticis hyalinis, nervis margineque fuscis, posticis fuscis fascia flavescenti, transyersa media, his subtus basi cinereis nigroque punctatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Papilio Cireeis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Herbst. Pap. tab. 81. fig. 6. 7. Papilio (Parnass.) Mandane, Fabr. Syst. Ent. 111.1. p. 183. No. 565. Eneycl. Méth. ix. p. 239. 29. (Acreea M.) Hasirar: ‘Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen black, the latter spotted with white. Anterior wings diaphanous, the edges bordered with brown. Posterior wings russet brown, having a broad yellow bar crossing them about the middle of the abdomen, and reaching almost from one upper corner to the other; above the bar, next the body, are a number of black spots. Under Side. Palpi, legs, and abdomen yellowish. Breast brown. | Anterior wings coloured as on the upper side. Posterior wings grey in those parts where they are brown on the upper side; the yellow bar being fainter, but the black spots stronger, and amounting to ten in number. Margins of the wings entire. Here, as in many places elsewhere, I have reverted to Drury’s name, which Fabricius unwarrantably changed in the subsequently published Entomologia Systematica, and which in most cases the authors of the Encyclopédie Méthodique have adopted. SATURNIA ALINDA. Plate XIX. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Bombycide, Steph. GENus. SATURNIA, Schrank. Attacus, Germar. Bombyx p., Ochs. Phalena (Attacus), Drury. SaTurNIA ALinDA. Alis rufo-brunneis margine saturatioribus signisque nonnullis undulatis obscuris, anticis macula discoidali fenestratata ; posticis ocello magno centrali. (Expans, Alar. 7 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena Attacus Alinda, Drury, App. vol. 8. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. p. 26. 10. (Bombyx A.) Hasirat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne pectinated. Neck buff-coloured. Thorax and abdomen brownish red, the centre of the former being grey. Anterior wings brown-red, darkest along the external edges, with two faint dark indented lines crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges. A transparent spot is placed near the middle of the wings, about a quarter of an inch from the anterior edges, without any iris of a different colour. Posterior wings brown-red, and darkest along the external edges, having a few faint waved lines. Near the middle is a small transparent spot, edged with buff at the bottom, surrounded by a dark brown border, and which is also encircled by another quite black. Under Side. Breast red-brown. Legs, abdomen, and wings entirely of a dark buff. All the faint waved lines, hardly discernible on the other side, are here very conspicuous. Close to the transparent spots, on the anterior wings, are two of a dark brown, and two larger are also placed close to the trans- parent ones in the posterior wings, without any of the circular ones which are on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. NYMPHALIS ALTHEA. Plate XX. fig. 1, 2. OrpER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION : Diurna, Famity: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NymPpuHAa.is, Latr. God. Papilio( Nymphalis), Fabr. NYMPHALIS ALTHEA. Alis dentatis supra fuscis, fascia strigaque angulato-dentatis albis ; subtus flavescentibus lituris atris fascia strigisque iisdem. (Expans, Alar. 3 unc. 3 lin. ) Syn. Papilio (N.) Althea, Fabr. Spec. Ins. 2. p. 88. No. 389. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 113. No. 347. Cramer, pl. 89. fig. E. F. Nymphalis A., Enc. Meth. ix. p. 383. No, 111. Hanrtat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS8.). Upper Side. Antenne brown. ‘Thorax, abdomen, and wings dark brown; a row of ash-coloured crescents cross the latter from the middle of the posterior to the anterior edges, uniting with a bar of the same colour, which crosses the posterior wings, meeting below the abdomen: another row of ash-coloured marks, like beards of arrows, are placed between the above-mentioned row and the external edges, which are bordered with some faint lightish marks. Posterior wings with an additional row of light arrow beards running along the external edges, which are also bordered with faint lightish marks like the anterior. Under Side. Palpi white. Breast and legs light clay-coloured. Wings paler than on the upper side, being greyish brown. The light-coloured bar, crossing the wings and meeting below the abdomen, is very conspicuous on this side. ‘The markings are much the same as on the upper. Margins of the wings dentated. VANESSA AMESTRIS. Plate XX. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmriLty: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. VANeEssA, Fabr. Latr. God. Hamadryades, Hiibn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. VANESSA AMESTRIS. Alis dentatis, anticis falcatis posticis rotundatis ; omnibus supra fuscis ad extimum fasciis tribus macularibus transversis, intermedia ferruginea, (ad apicem maculis duabus albis) czteris ceerulescentibus subtus marmoratis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (N. P.) Amestris, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio (N.) Amestris, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 116. 360. Papilio (N.) Zingha, Fabr. loc. cit. No. 358. Vanessa Erinna, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 315. Hasirat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). “In Indiis, Dom Drury” (Fabr. sub P. N. Amestris, incorrectly). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen very dark. Anterior wings dark brown, with a row of red crescents inverted, placed near the external edges; above them are several blueish marks and dashes. ‘Two square reddish spots are placed near the shoulders, having blueish borders. Two small round white spots are situated near the tips of each wing, and along the external edges are several blueish spots. Posterior wings nearly corresponding with the anterior. The row of red crescents is continued along these wings, and meets below the abdomen. The rows of blueish spots are also continued along the borders. E 2 28 Under Side. Breast and legs dark brown. Wings very dark brown, variegated with many brown markings, in such manner as not to be described. A single white spot is situate at the tips of the anterior ones, and a series of small round spots run along the borders of all the wings. Margins of the wings deeply dentated. NOCTUA TRISTIS. Plate XXI. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SrcTIoN: Nocturna. FAmiLy: Noctuide, Steph. Genus. Noctua, Auct. SUBGENUS 2 Nocrua Tristis. Alis fuscis nigro-atomosis, dimidio basali saturatiori strigaque ad angulum internum anticarum nigra. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 10 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Tristis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasirat: “ Cape of Good Hope” (Drury, in text). “ Jamaica” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne brown and setaceous. Thorax and abdomen grey-brown. Anterior wings grey-brown, having a small streak of a very dark colour placed near the lower corners, and two smaller ones at the tips; a large patch of the same colour occupies the middle of the wings, extending some way towards the shoulders. Posterior wings greyish-coloured, without any marks. Under Side. Tongue not observed. Legs, breast, and abdomen greyish. Anterior wings darker on this side than on the upper; the anterior edges being white, and the dark streak at the lower corners very observable. Posterior wings coloured as on the upper side, and haying two dark-coloured marks placed near the middle of the wings. Margins of the wings entire. GNOPHRIA? COLLARIS. Plate XXI. fig. 2. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Srctron: Nocturna. Famiy: Lithosiide, Steph. GENus. GNoPpuHRIA? Steph. Lithosia p., Fabr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. GnopuRIA? Cotiaris. Alis nigris, anticarum macula pone medium alba, collari sanguineo. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Collaris, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: Brazil. “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black and setaceous. Thorax, abdomen, and wings blueish black, immaculate, except an oval white spot placed on the anterior ones, about a quarter of an inch from the tips. Under Side. Palpi black. Tongue and neck yellow. Legs, breast, and abdomen grey. Anus yellow. Wings black, the anterior having a small white longitudinal streak near the shoulders, and the oval spot seen on the upper side. Posterior wings also fringed with white. Margins of the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA C/AENEA. Plate XXI._ fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Faminy: Arctiide, Steph. Genus. CALLImorpHA, Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA C2NEA. Alis nigris, anticis fascia lata transversa, margineque antico posticarum flavescentibus. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena Noctua Cenea, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: Drury (incorrectly?) states that he received this insect both from Madras and Brazil. ‘* Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black and setaceous. Thorax and abdomen nearly black. Wings deep brown, nearly black; the anterior having a yellow band crossing them from the anterior edges to the lower corners ; and the posterior having a broad yellow streak on the anterior edges. Under Side. Coloured as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. GEOMETRA (PASCILOPHASIA) FULVATA. Plate XXI. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTion: Nocturna. FAMILY: Geometridx, Steph. GENUS. GEOMETRA, Steph. (SUBGENUS: Pecilophasia? Steph.) GEOMETRA (P2CILOPHASIA) FuLVATA. Alis fulvescentibus fascia lata communi dilutiori, anticarum puncto subdiscoidali. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 7 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Geometra) fulvata, Drury, App. vol. 3. wee . Hasirar: Africa. -‘“ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antennz setaceous “and yellow. ‘Thorax and abdomen yellow. Wings deep straw- coloured, the anterior having a small black spot placed near the middle of the anterior edges. A small narrow line of a silverish colour runs along the external edges of these wings, beginning near the tips, and continuing along the edges of the posterior ones, ends at the abdominal corners. Under Side. Breast, legs, and abdomen whiteish. Wings coloured as on the upper side, but dappled with minute reddish streaks. Margins of the wings entire. NOCTUA (CALYPTRA) LUGUBRIS. Plate XXI. fig. 5. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Nocturna. FAMILY: Noctuide. Genus. Noctua, Auct. SUBGENUS: Calyptra, Ochs. Gonoptera, Latr. Noctua (CALYPTRA) Luausris. Alis anticis dentatis subfalcatis, brunneo-fuscis basi saturatioribus, macuilis dentatis submarginalibus. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 7} lin.) Sywn. Phalena (Noctua) lugubris, Drury, App. vol. 3. HApsiTat: Madras. Upper Side. Antenne brown and setaceous. Thorax ash-coloured. Abdomen and wings rusty iron, without marks, except the anterior, which have some faint blueish marks close to the external edges. Under Side. Tongue not noticed. Breast, legs, and abdomen dark red. Wings redder-coloured than on the other side, without marks: anterior wings dentated, the posterior entire. NOCTUA (ACONTIA) MARGARITATA. Plate XXI. fig. 6. OrpDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAmILy: Noctuide. Genus. Nocrua, Auct. SuBGENus: Acontia, Ochs. Steph. Curtis. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. Noctua (AconTra) MARGARITATA. Argenteo-alba, alis anticis pone punctum ordinarium fuscis, macula magna alba costali margineque postico albo, lunulis punctisque nigricantibus, posticarum margine fusco. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena Noctua Margaritata, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: New York. Upper Side. Antennz brown and setaceous. ‘Thorax and abdomen silvery white. Anterior wings at the shoulders silvery white, the remainder being of a shining red-brown, with the edges fringed with white; a large spot of silver colour is situate near the tips, on the anterior edges. Posterior wings silvery white, but along the external edges darker coloured. Under Side. ‘Tongue not noticed. Breast, legs, and abdomen white. Anterior wings silvery grey, being edged and fringed with yellow. Posterior wings coloured as on the upper side, without markings. Margins of the wings entire. NOCTUA GUTTATA. Plate XXII. fig. 1. | OrpDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Nocturna. FAmMILy: Noctuide, Steph. Genus. Noctua, Auct. (SUBGENUS: gy) Nocrua Gurrata. Alis griseis punctis nonnullis discoidalibus strigisque apicalibus obseurioribus. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 7% lin.) ‘ Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Guttata, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasirat: “ Brazil” (Drury, intext). “ Cape of Good Hope, Mr. Foster, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Thorax and abdomen grey. Anterior wings light-coloured, almost grey, the middle having some dark spots on them, and a few dark streaks near the tips. Posterior wings darker coloured, without spots. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and abdomen grey. Anterior wings coloured as on the upper, immaculate. Posterior wings lighter-coloured than on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. NOCTUA ? HESIONE. Plate XXII. fig. 2. OxvDER: Lepidoptera. SxEcTron: Nocturna. FAMILY: Noctuids, Steph. 2) Noctua? Hestone. Alis anticis brunneis strigd longitudinali subcostali lutea, fasciaque transversali diluta, strigis undulatis nigris marginatis, angulis posticis productis; posticis fulvis margine laté nigro. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Genus. Noctua? Auct. (SUBGENUS: Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Hesione, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasirat: Brazil, ‘‘ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne brown and setaceous. Thorax clay-coloured. Abdomen reddish. Anterior wings reddish-brown, with two darker bands crossing them; the anterior edges pale clay-coloured; a 31 small narrow clay-coloured line rises near the posterior edges close to the shoulders, and extends in a circular manner to the anterior edges: the lower corners of these wings are remarkably prominent. Posterior wings deep yellow, deeply bordered from the upper to the abdominal corners, with black. Under Side. Palpi orange, remarkably long. Tongue spiral. Legs, breast and abdomen clay- coloured. Anterior wings dark-brown as on the upper side, the anterior edges yellow. Posterior wings paler yellow than on the upper side, and the black border not so distinct. Margins of the wings entire. This insect is evidently the type of a distinct genus from any hitherto described, especially distinguished by the lively colours of the wings, the produced posterior angle of the anterior pair, and the form of the palpi. ENDROMIS RHODOPE. Plate XXII. fig. 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycide. GeENus. Enpromis, Ochs. Germar. Dimorpha, Hiibn. Phalena (Bombyx), (Drury.) Enpromus Ruopope. Alis albis pellucidis; strigis duabus undulatis parallelis submarginalibus, maculisque nonnullis discoidalibus anticarum virescentibus. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) Rhodope, Drury. App. vol. 3. Hasirar: Brazil, “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne pectinated. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark-brown, with some faint whiteish marks. Wings transparent white, having two rows of greenish crescents running along the external edges, the anterior wings having some faint marks of the same kind in the middle also. The anterior edges are of a yellow hue. Under Side. Palpiwhite. ‘Tongue not observed. Legs, breast, and abdomen white. Anus dark- brown. Wings coloured as on the upper side; the posterior ones having two brown spots on each near the abdominal corners. Margins of the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA ? DIAPHANA. Plate XXII. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiidae, Steph. GeENus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? DIAPHANA. Alis diaphanis, marginibus anticis et externis strigique transversa e margine antico ad angulum posticum ducta, nigris. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Diaphana, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: Brazil, “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bomfas, 1774” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne pectinated. Thorax brown. Abdomen black, brown above. Wings diaphanous, the edges being bordered with black, a black band also crosses the anterior, from the anterior edges to the lower corners. Under Side. Tongue spiral. Breast and legs black. Abdomen grey. Anus yellowish. Wings coloured on this side as on the upper. Margins of the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA ? PHILETA. Plate XXII. fig. 5. OxpeER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAmILy: Arctiide, Steph. GENus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? PHILETA. Alis anticis oblongis fuscis, fascia transversi pone medium alba, posticis fulvis margine externo nigro, thorace sanguineo. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalzna (Noctua) Phileta, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black and setaceous. Thorax red, spotted, and striped with black. Abdomen yellow, with black streaks crossing it. Anterior wings sooty black, with a white band crossing each from the anterior edges to the lower corners. Posterior wings yellow, with a black border running along the external edges. Under Side. ead and neck red. Legs streaked black and white. Breast and abdomen yellow, the latter spotted with black on each side. Wings coloured as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA ? EUCHARIS. Plate XXII. fig. 6. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY. Arctiide, Steph. GENus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? EUCHARIS. Alis sulphureis, margine postico lato punctoque medio anticarum fuscis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Eucharis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: Brazil. Upper Side. Antenne setaceous. Thorax and abdomen brown. Anterior wings greyish yellow, with a single spot placed near the middle, almost close to the anterior edge. Posterior wings of the same colour as the anterior, and like them surrounded with a deep black border. Under Side. Tongue spiral. Legs, breast, and abdomen grey. Wings coloured as on the upper side, the borders being fainter. Margins of the wings entire. NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) TIRIDATES. Plate XXIII. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera, Zinn, SecTION: Diurna, Latr. FAmMiILty: Nymphalide, Swainson. Genus. Nympuatis, Latr. Papilio (Eq. achiv.) Linn. Drury. Papilio Nymphalis, Fabr. (SUBGENUS > Charaxes, Boisduval.) NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) TIRIDATES. Alis supra atro-cceruleis, margine postico lunulis ochraceis, Omnium dimidio apicali punctis ccerulescentibus. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (N.)Tiridates, Fabr. Spec. Ins. 2. p.11. No. 43. Cramer, pl. 162. f. A. B. Herbst. Pap. tab. 62. f. 3.4. Donovan Ins. India, 3. pl. 2. f. 3. Nymphalis T., Ene. Méth. ix. p. 354. 14. Hapirat: Amboyna, Java (Fabr. § Enc. Méth.). Brazil (Drury, in text). “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1766” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Head dark brown, with four white spots on the crown. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Wings fine dark blue, with a number of small light blue spots sprinkled on each wing. The anterior being edged with a row of yellow spots. Posterior wings furnished with four short tails and deeply scolloped, each scollop being edged with yellow. Under Side. Palpi and abdomen clay-coloured. Breast and legs light hair-coloured. Anterior wings hair-coloured, with several small waved and irregular black lines half crossing them, from the anterior edges to the middle of the wing, each line being edged with blue. A black kidney-shaped spot is also situate next the lower corners, being also edged with blue. Posterior wings coloured as the anterior, and furnished with four short tails, having several irregular black lines on them near the body, which are edged with blue as on the anterior ones. NYMPHALIS PYRAMUS ¢. Plate XXIII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SxcTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NyMmPpHALis, Latr. Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Drury. NYMPHALIS PyraMus. Alis nigris (in mare supra violaceo-micantibus) anticis utrinque fascia laté miniata ; posticis subtus irroratis strigaque marginali ccerulescenti. (Expans. Alar. 1] unc. 7% lin.) Syn. Papilio Pyramis, Fabr. Sp. Ins. 2. 130.590. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 323. 223. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Pyramus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Stoll Suppl. Cramer, pl. 32. f. 3. 3e. Enc. Méth. ix. p- 422. (Nymphalis P.) Donovan Nat. Repos. 1.t.3.f. 2. 2. Hapirat: Brazil, “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1774” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne brown. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings at the extremities black, but next the body red-brown, the middle being occupied by a band which crosses them of a beautiful red, extending to the middle of the posterior ones, the remaining parts of which are of a fine blueish purple. Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, and abdomen white. Anterior wings next the body yellowish brown, the tips the same. The red band is not so strong on this side as on the upper, neither does it extend to the inferior wings, but is bordered with black on that side near the tips. Posterior wings yellowish brown, prettily variegated with very small lighter marks and spots, with a small faint blueish indented line running along the external borders. The original Fabrician description of this msect is stated to have been derived from an insect from Cayenne in the collection of Mr. Yeats ; and in the Fabrician detailed descrip- tion, we find the wings characterized thus—“ macula magna, in medio, fulva, anticee subtus concolores.” It appears, however, from the observations of Donovan that the celebrated iconographer Jones had made a drawing of Yeats’s specimen, from which drawing Donovan published his illustration of the species in the Naturalist’s Repository, with the following observations :—‘ There was a variety of this insect pretty nearly, but not exactly, according with this in the collection of an old and well-known entomologist, a figure of which appeared shortly after the publication of the Fabrician writings as the true Papilio tl F 34 Pyramus. It was not precisely the same as it appeared to us from an inspection of the specimen in the Cabinet of Mr. Drury.” Making due allowance for Donovan’s over-charged colouring, there is still considerable difference between the figures of Drury and Donovan ; in the former the fore-wings being almost entirely red on the under side, whilst in the latter, the upper side of same wings is red, except at the tips. In both these particulars, as will at once be seen from the above quotation of Fabricius, Drury’s figure perfectly agrees with the character given of Yeats’s specimen; whilst Donovan’s differs in each respect. The female of this species is destitute of the purple gloss on the upper surface of the wings, and the red band does not run into the posterior pair. SATURNIA PH/EDUSA. Plate XXIV. and XXV. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Bombycide, Steph. Genus. SATURNIA, Schrank. Attacus, Germ. Phalena (Attacus), Drury. SATURNIA PHapusA. Alis griseo-fuscis, anticis strigis tribus transyersis saturatioribus maculaque-parva trian- gulari fenestraté media; posticis obscurioribus ocello magno nigro, margine carneo-rufo cincto. ° (Expans. Alar. 7 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Pheedusa, Drury, App. vol. 3. Bombyx Saturnus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p.409. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 27.11. Haprrat: Sierra Leone (Drury). ‘ In Indiis” ( Fabricius). Upper Side. Puiarr XXIV. Antenne broad in the middle and strongly pectinated, terminating in a point both at the base and extremity, the latter being like a thread. Head dark brown. The neck surrounded with a white collar. Thorax and abdomen greyish clay-coloured. Anterior wings the same, but towards their extremities becoming darker; the tips are angulated, and the edges a little scolloped ; a dark line rises near the tips, which running across the wings ends near the middle of the posterior edges, but is there much fainter than at the tips. A small triangular transparent spot is situate near the centre of these wings, about three-eighths of an inch from the anterior edges. Posterior wings a little scolloped, being the same colour with the anterior next the abdomen, but darker towards the external edges. In the middle of these wings is a large eye, the pupil being black like velvet, surrounded with a narrow circle of a dark orange, round which is another cream-coloured circle, and this likewise is surrounded by a large border of a fine red-brown. Under Side. Puatrr XXV. Tongue not noticed. Thighs of the fore legs dark brown, the other legs lighter. Breast and abdomen light clay-coloured. Anterior wings the same, being next the body paler than towards the extremities; along the external edges is a pale indented border, running from the tips to the lower corners. Two dark brown spots are placed next the transparent one mentioned in the preceding description, and the dark lime there mentioned is conspicuous on this side. Posterior wings coloured as the anterior, becoming darker towards the external edges. A pale indented border runs along the external edges, similar to that on the anterior wings. On the middle of these wings are four dark brown spots, two small and two large, being placed opposite to the eyes observed on the upper side ; and just below them a dark line runs across from the upper corners to the middle of the abdominal edges. 35 In Mr. Drury’s manuscripts I find the insect referred to these two figures is stated to have been obtained from the Duchess of Portland’s Museum, and to be an inhabitant of New York. NYMPHALIS LAODICE. Plate XXVI. fig. 1, 2. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAminty: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Nympuatis, Latr. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Drury. NyMPHALIS Laopics. Alis supra atro-cceruleis, limbo postico serie lunularum ccerulescentium ; subtus fascia media communi saturatiori, posticis punctis marginalibus albis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Laodice, Drury, App. vol. 3. (1783.) Papilio Lycurgus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 67. No. 209. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 364. No, 49. Nymphalis Lyc., Paul. Beauv. Ins. d’Afr. et d’Amer. Lep. pl. 4. f. 2. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax black. Abdomen dark brown. Wings very dark blue, almost black, the edges being dark brown; the anterior ones are angulated, and the posterior ones furnished with two short tails. A row of blue crescents, forming a line, runs along the posterior wings near the external edges, extending along part of the anterior ones, which also have two small oval blue spots, almost joined together, placed at the middle of the anterior edges, and one single one near the tips. Under Side. Palpi not noticed. Legs brown above, and white beneath. Breast and abdomen dark brown. Wings soft brown, with some irregular and indented bands of a darker colour crossing them, particularly the posterior ones, which have a rather broad one running from the upper to the abdominal corners. These wings have also seven very small white spots placed along the external edges. THECLA PHALEROS 4¢. Plate XXVI. fig. 3, 4. OrpER: Lepidoptera. SrEcTIon: Diurna. FAMILY: Lyewnide, Steph. Genus. TuHeEcta, Fabr. (Syst. Gloss.) Polyommatus, Latr. God. Hesperia p. Fabr. (olim.) Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Drury. THECLA PHALEROS. Alis ¢ yiolaceo-ceeruleis nitidis, Q albidis apice fusco, subtus albis fasciis transversis margineque nigris ad angulum ani conjunctis. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. urb.) Phaleros, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. p.796. No. 272. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 628. (Polyomm. Ph.) Hesperia R. Chiton, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 262. Donovan Ins. India, 1. pl. 3. f. 1. Papilio Silenus, Cram. pl. 282. E. Papilio Agis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasrtat: Brazil (Drury, in text). “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Surinam (Ene, Méth.). India (Linn. Fabr. Donov.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen dark blue. Wings blue, without marks. Posterior furnished with four small black tails, the tips of which are white. The abdominal corners are also edged with white. Under Side. Palpi long, thin, and black, white at the base, as is the neck. Legs brown above and white beneath. Breast yellow. Abdomen blue. Wings yellow; the anterior having some brown, F2 36 irregular, and uneven lines crossing them from the anterior to the posterior edges. ‘The external edges are also verged with brown, and at the lower corners have an orange-coloured patch. Posterior wings with three dark brown lines crossing them from the anterior edges to the abdominal corners, and exter- nally edged with dark brown. VANESSA PELARGA. Plate XXVII. fig. 1, 2. OxpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. VANESSA, Fabr. Latr. God. Hamadryades, Hiibn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Drury. VANESSA PELARGA. Alis anticis faleatis, posticis inthis subcaudatis, omnibus supra fuscis, fascia ccerulescenti- alba, nigro-punctata, extrorsumque fulvo inducta; subtiis xerampelinis linea fusca communi media. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (N.) Pelarga, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p.513. No.296. Drury, App. vol.3. Stoll Suppl. Cram. pl. 27.f.2. Vanessa P., Enc. Méth. ix. p. 313. No. 37. Haprrar: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne brown. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Wings at the base dark olive brown; the anterior having two red and one blue crooked lines, a quarter of an inch long, placed near the anterior edges, which are also red. A white bar encircles all the brown part, beginning at the anterior edges, meeting just below the anus; the lower part of it being tinged with red or orange, on which are eight small round black spots, three on the anterior and five on the posterior wings. The external edges of all the wings are deeply bordered with olive brown, and near the tips are placed three small white spots, one larger than the rest. Abdominal groove orange. A few blue streaks are placed at the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi long and white, but reddish above. Legs white. Breast and abdomen orange. Wings dark reddish brown, with very little variegations. The three white spots near the tips of the anterior wings are observable, and the five black spots on the posterior ones are faintly seen. Wings deeply angulated. The under side varies considerably in different specimens. NYMPHALIS MELEAGRIS. Plate XXVII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna, Faminy : Nymphalide, Svains. Genus. Nymphalis, Latr. Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Drury. NyMPHALIS MELEAGRIS. Alis supra olivaceo-fuscis, subtis lutescentibus; utrinque albo, in triplici serie, multipunctatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 43 lin.) Syn. Papilio Meleagris, Cramer, pl. 66. f. A. B. Herbst. t. 145. f.1. 2. Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1.p. 128. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 387. (Nymphalis M.) Hasrtar: “ Sierra Leone” (Drury, in text). “ Brazil, Mr. Skeene, 1772” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne brown. ‘Thorax, abdomen, and wings olive-brown, spotted with a number of round white spots edged with black; the anterior wings having twenty-five, the posterior eighteen, besides those placed on the external edges. 37 Under Side. Palpi white. Legs white. Breast yellowish. Abdomen olive-brown. Wings dusky orange; the white spots described on the upper side being here very discernible with the addition of a few others next the body. Margins of the wings entire. NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) ANTICLEA. Plate XXVII. fig. 5, 6. ORDER: Lepidoptera, Linn. SEctTron: Diurna, Latr. Famity : Nymphalide, Swains. GeENUs. NyMPHALIS, Latr. Papilio (Eq. achiv.), Linn. Drury. Papilio Nymphalis, Fabr. (SUBGENUS: Charaxes, Boisduval.) NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) ANTICLEA. Alis supra fuscis fascia terminali fulva, in anticis maculari et abbreviata, in posticis ocellis 4, anali sesquialtero. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Anticlea, Drury, App. vol. 3. Nymphalis Ant., Ane. Méth. ix. p.353. No. 9. Hasrtat: Sierra Leone (Drury, in text). ‘“ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1766” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antennz black. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings chocolate- coloured; the lower corners being tipped with orange, to the upper part of which joins a spot of the same colour, and another small one is placed nearer the tips. The basal parts of the posterior wings chocolate, the apical parts orange; they are doubly angulated, and at the abdominal corners have a black ocellus with two white pupils, and a small orange spot below them ; three other small eyes are also placed along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi and legs buff-coloured. Breast russet. Abdomen dark orange. Wings russet- coloured, with bands of lighter and darker shades running from the anterior edges of the anterior wings, and ending below the body on the abdominal edges, some of the bands being verged with black. Anterior wings having three small black spots placed near the shoulders, and the posterior with two small white spots at the abdominal corners, and four others placed along the external edges, growing fainter as they approach the upper corners, till at length they are quite lost. ACRAA HORTA. Plate XXVIII. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Heliconiide. Genus. AcrmA, Fabr Latr. Papilio (Heliconii), Fabr. olim. Acr®A Horta. Alis oblongis integerrimis, supra fulvis ; anticis ad extimum hyalino-cinerascentibus, posticis utrinque nigro punctatis subtusque albidis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 73 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Helic.) Horta, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. p.755. No.54. Drury, App. vol. 3. Cramer, Pap. pl. 298. Jig. F.G. Herbst. Pap. tab. 83.f.1.2. Ene. Meth. ix. p. 231. 1. Hanirar: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Cape of Good Hope, and other parts of Africa (Enc. Méth.). Upper Side. Antenne, thorax, and abdomen black, the latter spotted on its sides. Anterior wings. next the body dark orange, but at the tips about two-fifths are pellucid. Near the middle, towards the anterior edge, is a small black spot, and a streak of the same colour. Posterior wings dark orange, black at the base, with a narrow border of orange and black running along the external edges, and a group, consisting of fifteen different shaped black spots, occupying the middle. 38 Under Side. Palpi hairy and light coloured. Legs and breast black. Abdomen light brown. Anterior wings very glossy, the marks on the upper side being so faint as to be scarcely discernible. Posterior wings cream-coloured, with the same number of black spots, but stronger and more distinct than those on the upper side. The external edges bordered with orange, within which is a small narrow black border, with light cream spots. Margins of the wings entire. ACR/ZA GEA ¢. Plate XXVIII. fig. 3, 4. OrpeER. Lepidoptera. SEecTION: Diurna. Famity: Heliconiide. Genus. Acrma, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Heliconii), Fabr. olim. AcR&A GEA. Alis oblongis integerrimis, anticis utrinque fuscis, fasciis duabus fulvis aut albidis, una versus apicem, altera connexa disco posticarum, his subtus rufescentibus, basi nigro-punctatis, postea striatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Hel.) Gea, Fabr. Spec. Ins. 2. p.32. No. 136. $. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 238. (Acraea G.) Papilio (H.) Jodutta, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 175. No. 554. 9. Papilio (Hel.) Hiree, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio Epzea, Cramer, pl. 230. f. B.C. HAsirat: Sierra Leone (Drury). “ Calabar, in Africa, Capt. Parker, 1771” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax black, with four white spots on each side. Abdomen dark orange, spotted on the sides with black, and a black streak running along the top. Anterior wings fine dark brown, almost black. A large patch of dark orange is placed at the middle of the posterior edges, and between that and the tips is a streak of the same colour, divided into three parts by the tendons of the wings. Near the body are six round black spots hardly discernible, on one of which, nearest the body, is a very small white one. Posterior wings near the body orange, but along the edges black, the space between being covered with rays, composed of those two colours. Next the body are ten round black spots, some larger than others, on one of which is a small white one, as on the upper wings. Under Side. Palpi orange. Thorax black, spotted with white. Legs black above and white beneath. Abdomen orange. Anterior wings much lighter on this side than on the upper, the orange-coloured marks being, on this side, of a dark yellow. All the black spots on this side are more distinct than on the other, as is that with the small white one on it. Posterior wings next the body orange, from whence to the edges issue rays of a dusky yellow and black, there being no black border. The black spots next the body are also very strong. ‘The edges of the posterior wings are a little dentated. NYMPHALIS HOSTILIA. Plate XXVIII. fig. 5, 6. ORDER: Lepidoptera, Linn. SECTION: Diurna, Latr. FamiLty : Nymphalide, Swainson. Genus. Nympuauts, Latr. Papilio (Eq. achiv.), Linn. Drury. Papilio Nymphalis, Fabr. NyMPHALIS HostiLiaA. Alis dentatis subconcoloribus, fulvis, basi nigro-maculatis; anticarum apice fusco punctis flavescentibus. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Fest.) Hostilia, Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 180, No. 399. Nymphalis H., Latr. God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 393. HABIraT: “Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). 39 Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings next the body dark tawny orange, but next the tips dark brown, almost black, the darkest part of the wings having several dusky yellow spots, while the orange part has a number of black ones. Posterior wings dark orange, and next the body streaked with black, and a black zigzag border running along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi, neck, legs, and breast pale yellow. Abdomen orange. Anterior wings much lighter than on the upper side, being, next the body, cream colour; the part next the tips dark russet. All the spots are very discernible on this side, the yellow ones being here much lighter. Posterior wings cream-coloured, having the black border and streaks equally as strong and discernible as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. SATURNIA ARGUS. Plate XXIX. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTion: Diurna. FAMILY: Bombycide, Steph. GENUS. SATURNIA, Schrank. Attacus, Germ. Phalena (Attacus), Drury. SATURNIA ArGts. Alis pallidé testaceo-albidis punctis ocellaribus fenestratis numerosis, caudis longissimis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 5 lin.) Syn. Bombyx Argus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 414. No. 24. Donovan Nat. Repos. 5. 178. Oliv. Ene. Méth. 5. 29. 22. Phalzna (Bombyx) brachyura, Cramer Ins. tab. 29.f.1. Drury, App. vol. 3. Hapirat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne almost black, and pectinated. The neck and head flesh-coloured. Thorax ash-coloured. Abdomen pale flesh-coloured. Wings dingy flesh-coloured, the anterior ones having five or six small transparent spots situated in the centre of them. ‘The posterior ones furnished with two long tails about two inches and three-quarters long, the extremities being cream-coloured, the upper part red-brown ; with five small yellowish round spots, edged with black, placed in the centre of the wings. Under Side. Palpi brown. Tongue concealed. Legs red-brown. Breast, sides, and abdomen cream. Wings coloured as on the upper side. I have adopted the Fabrician specific name, notwithstanding its subsequent date, that proposed by Cramer bemg exceedingly inapplicable. Drury states, on the authority of Mr. Smeathman, that this curious insect was found on the island of Banana. Its flight is exceedingly slow, and its tails seem rather to impede it. Mr. Donovan states that several specimens of this insect had been received from Sierra Leone (which habitat is given by Drury in the body of his work, but corrected as above in the observations communicated to him by Mr.Smeathman) and that he is not aware of the species having occurred in any other part of Africa, neither had he understood that any other collector smce Mr. Smeathman had met with the species. Of the original specimens a pair belonged to Mr. Drury, which came into the hands of Mr. Donovan, who also mentions a fine specimen as existing in the Banksian Cabinet at the Linnean Society ; adding, that some few other specimens passed into different continental Cabinets, all of which, however, were those collected by Mr. 4.0 Smeathman. ‘The late Mr. Haworth, however, (the sale of whose magnificent collection by public auction lasted for ten days,) possessed four specimens of this rare moth, a pair of which were purchased by W. Swainson, Esq., and the remaining pair by myself. CALLIMORPHA EPIMENIS. Plate XXIX. fig. 2. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna, FAMILY : Arctiide. Genus. CALLIMORPHA, Latr. Phalzna (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA EPIMENIS. Alis nigris, anticis macula magna pone medium albida, posticis basi nigris apice fulvis margine atro. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalwena (Noctua) Epimenis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasrrat: “ Virginia, Mr. Abbot, 1774” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black and setaceous. Eyes, head, thorax, abdomen, and anterior wings black, the latter with a large straw-coloured patch placed near the ends, and reaching across the wings from the anterior edges almost to the lower corners. Posterior wings nearly black, with a large orange-coloured patch, occupying one-third of the wings, and placed along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi, head, legs, breast, sides, and abdomen, black. Wings coloured as on the upper side, with the addition of two small straw-coloured spots placed between the large ones and the shoulders; the colours being also rather brighter. Margins of the wings entire. LITHOSIA? INO. Plate XXIX. fig. 3. OrveER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Nocturna. FAmILy: Lithosiide, Steph. Genus. LrrHosta? Fabr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. LiruostA? Ino. Alis albidis, anticis punctis duobus humeralibus maculisque duabus magnis nigris (scil. ante et pone medium); thorace nigro punctato. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Noctua) Ino, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasirat: “ Madras, Mr. Skeene, 1772” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne brown and setaceous. Head cream-coloured. Neck black. Thorax and abdomen cream-coloured, the former having some black spots on it. Anterior wings cream-coloured, with a large triangular black spot placed at the tips, another on the middle of the wings, extending across from the anterior edges almost to the lower corners. ‘There are also two small ones next the shoulders. The external edges have a row of small black spots placed thereon. Posterior wings cream- coloured, tinctured with red, with a faint black border, rising at the upper corners where it is broadest, and running half-way to the abdominal ones, gradually narrowing. Under Side. Palpi, breast, legs, sides and abdomen cream-coloured. Wings reddish cream, without any marks; the black marks, &c. on the upper side being faintly perceived. Margins of the wings entire. CALLIMORPHA? HELCITA. Plate XXIX. fig. 4. OrpdeER: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. FAMILY: Arctiidae, Steph. GeNus. CALLIMORPHA? Latr. Phalena (Noctua), Drury. CALLIMORPHA? HeExcira. Allis testaceis apice nigris, fascia maculari alba. (Expans, Alar. 3 unc. 5 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Heleita, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 763. 94. Phalena fascelis, Linn. Mus. Ulr. 390. No, 25. Pheeleena (Noctua) H., Drury, App. vol. 3. Phalena macularia, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 2. p. 140. No. 40. Hasirat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). “ In Indiis” (Linn.). India ( Fabr. incorrectly). Upper Side. Antenne black and setaceous. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the two last having a row of white spots running along the middle, and another on each side down to the anus. Wings fine dark red. Almost half the anterior next the tips being black, with five oval white spots thereon ; three of which being the largest are joined together, the other two, being small and behind, are at a little distance apart. Posterior wings with a broad black border running from the upper to the abdominal corners, whereon are placed eight oval white spots at equal distances, two, being the outer- most, very small and close together. Under Side. Palpi yellow. Tongue spiral. Legs, breast, and sides black, spotted and streaked with white. Abdomen yellow. Wings coloured and marked as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. Mr. Smeathman states that this insect is found in the savannahs. It is a sluggish creature, and easily taken. A specimen of this very rare insect was sold in the collection of the late Mr. Stothard, on the 18th May, 1835 ; and was purchased by Thomas Norris, Esq. M.E.S. at the price of fourteen shillings. NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) POLLUX. Plate XXX. fig. 1, 2. OrpvER: Lepidoptera, Linn, Section: Diurna, Latr. FAMILY: Nymphalidie, Swains. Genus. Nympuatis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. (SusGenus: Charaxes, Boisduval.) NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) PotLux. Alis supra fulvis, limbo postico late nigro, subtus ad basin ferrugineis, annulis fasciaque albis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio Pollux, Cram. pl. 37. fig.C. D. Herbst. Pap. t. 63. f.3. 4. Papilio (N.) Castor, Fabr. Gen. Ins. Mant. p.251. Donovan Nat. Repos. 4. 116. Papilio (Nymph. Ph.) Camulus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasrrat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen red-brown. Anterior wings brown-orange, with a small round black spot near the middle, and another fainter and smaller a little beneath it. Along the anterior edges are several black marks and patches joining together; these wings are bordered with black, having along the external edges some small faint orange-brown spots. Posterior wings corres~ ponding exactly with the anterior, and furnished with four short tails. Il G 42 Under Side. Palpi yellow, bordered with white. Breast dark brown, with white streaks. Legs brown. Abdomen red-brown. The ground of the anterior wings next the body is a light chocolate, which is separated from a dusky brown border running along the external edges by a white and orange band, which, being the chief colours on this side, are continued along the posterior wings. The base is adorned with black streaks, surrounded with white, placed along the anterior edges, and others of different forms on the middle of the wings. Along the external edges, on the dusky border, is placed a row of black triangular spots, which at the lower corners are doubled. Posterior wings of the same colour as the anterior, the chocolate ground having a number of smal! black marks and streaks, bordered with white, in a very irregular manner. At the lower corner is placed a dark grey eye, with a black iris and a white longitudinal streak in the centre, two rows of small black spots, some being edged with white, of different forms, are also placed along the dusky border. We learn, from the observations of Smeathman and Drury, that this is the insect noticed in the observation upon Charaxes Jason, as possessing exceedingly strong powers of fight. Vide Vol. I. Pl. 1. fig. 1. NYMPHALIS VARANES. Plate XXXI. fig. 1, 2. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SeEcTIoN: Diurna. FamiLy: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NymPpuatis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NYMPHALIS VARANES. Alis supra basi albis immaculatis, apice ferrugineis fulvo et fusco punctatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (N.) Varanes, Fabr. Sp. Ins. 2. p.14. No. 55. Papilio (Nymph. Gemm.) Veranes, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio V., Cramer, pl. 160. D. E. 3. pl. 888. A.B. @. HApitaT: “Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Caffraria (Enc. Méth.). India (Fabr. incorrectly ). Upper Side. Antenne black. ‘Thorax greenish. Abdomen white, spotted on the upper part with black. Basal half of the wings ash-coloured, and bordered ,with deep red-brown. Anterior wings having a row of six orange spots along the external edges, and two oval ones near the middle of the anterior edges; two black spots, shaped like the beards of arrows, are situated in the centre. Posterior wings angulated and furnished with two short tails, having a row of five black spots running parallel with the external edges. Wings not indented. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and legs buff-coloured. Abdomen white. Wings next the body dark ash-coloured, but along the tips and external edges darker. A narrow line of a brown colour rises from the posterior edges of the anterior wings, and, bending towards the tips, is lost in the general colour of that part of the wings. A row of small faint black spots runs parallel with the external edges, being situated between them and the fore-mentioned dark line ; the inner divisions of these and the posterior wings have a number of small black marks, like Hebrew characters, regularly dispersed on them. Posterior wings with a dark narrow line rising on the anterior edges, which crosses the wings, meeting below the abdomen. A small black eye, with a white pupil, is placed near the middle of the anterior edges, and a row of faint oval dark spots runs parallel with the external edges, ending at the abdominal corners. 4:3 This insect, like the last, flies exceedingly swift, and is observed sometimes to settle upon human excrement, a peculiar habit which is also adopted by other species of insects belonging to different orders. PIERIS EUDOXIA. Plate XXXII. fig. 1, 2. OrvDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAmILy: Papilionide, Leach. GeENus. PreERIs, Schrank. Papilio (Dan. Cand.), Linn. Se. Preris Eupoxt1A. Alis rotundatis, anticis diluté fulvis posticis albis; omnium limbo communi nigro maculato. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.), Cramer, pl. 213. fig. C. Herbst. tab. 107. f.1.2. Drury, App. vol.3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 199. 620. Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lepid.1. 510. No. 105. Papilio (D. C.) Rhodope, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 196. No. 609. Donovan Nat. Repos. 3. pl. 86. HABITAT: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” ( Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen grey-brown. Anterior wings dark yellow, shaded along the anterior edges with dark brown; a black border occupies the tips and external edges of these wings, whereon is a row of dark yellow spots of an oblong form. Posterior wings entirely white, with a row of black spots placed along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi grey. Breast, legs, and abdomen white. Anterior wings yellow, but next the body orange-coloured, with a row of triangular black spots placed along the external edges. Posterior wings white, but orange next the body, having a row of black round spots placed on the external edges, corresponding with the anterior wings. Margins of the wings entire. PIERIS CHLORIS. Plate XXXII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmiIty: Papilionide, Leach. GeENus. PIERIS, Schrank, Papilio (Dan. Cand.), Linn. Se. PrEeRIs Cutoris. Alis suboblongis, integerrimis, teneris, albis apice nigro, subtus anticis basi calthacea, posticis luteo radiata, his limbo laté nigro. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (D.C.) Chloris, Fabr. Syst. Ent. 473. No. 129. Drury, App. vol. 2. Herbst. tab. 99, f..1. 4. Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 160, Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lepid. 1. 516. Papilio Thermopyle, Cramer, pl. 207. fig. F. G. Hapirat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1774” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Eyes dark brown. Thorax and abdomen dark grey. Anterior wings entirely white, with a black patch at the tips, the anterior edges being also black. Posterior wings also white, with a black border running along the external edges from the upper to the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi grey. Legs, breast, abdomen, and anterior wings white; the latter black at their tips, as on the upper side, but next the body tinged with red. Posterior wings yellow, but one-half next the external edges is black; and on the upper part, next the body, having a streak of fine red. Margins of the wings entire. G2 PIERIS HYPATIA. Plate XXXII. fig. 5, 6. Orver: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Diurna. FAMILY: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. Preris, Schrank. Papilio (Dan. Cand.), Linn. §e. Preris Hypatia. Alis rotundatis integerrimis, supra nigris, fascia alb&é communi sinuata, subtus anticis macula apicali albida, posticis basi fulvo radiatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Pap. (Dan. Cand.) Hypatia, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio Epaphia, Cramer’, pl. 207. fig. D. E. Pieris Higinia, Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 135. No. 45. Pieris Saba, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 201.627. Latr. God. loc. cit. No. 46. Pieris Malatha, Boisd. Faun. Madagascar, pl. 1. f. 4, 5. Pieris Orbona, Boisd. loc. cit. pl. 1. f. 3. Hasirart: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” (Drury's MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen black. Anterior wings sooty black, having a white indented bar rising at the middle of the anterior edges, which crosses them, and ends on the middle of the posterior ones ; at the tips are two small white spots. Posterior wings white and black, the upper half being white and the lower one black. Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, and abdomen white. Anterior wings tinged with yellow next the body, the white bar being the same on this side as on the upper; the black colour on this side partaking more of a brown, and at the tips havyimg a white patch instead of the two spots seen on the upper side. Posterior wings marked as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) EUDOXUS. Plate XXXII. fig. 1, 4. OrverR: Lepidoptera, Linn. SEcTIoN: Diurna, Latr. FamMiLy: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NympHAtis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.), Drury. (SuBGENUs: Charaxes, Boisduval.) NYMPHALIS (CHARAXES) Eupoxus. Alis supra fascia media maculisque marginalibus fulvis, subtiis ad basin ferrugineis annulis argenteis ; posticis tantiim fascia alba. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Equ. Ach.) Eudoxus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Papilio (N.) Eudoxus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 65. No. 203. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 352. No. 6. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Eyes, head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Anterior wings dark chocolate, red-brown at the base; a row of brown orange-coloured spots is placed on the external edges of these wings, those next the tips being smallest; a brown-orange bar also rises on the anterior edges near the tips, and crossing these and the posterior wings meets at the extremity of the abdomen, increasing in width as it approaches the abdominal corners. Posterior wings likewise dark chocolate, but next the body red-brown. Each of them is furnished with two tails, and has an indented line of brown-orange running along the external edges, from the upper to the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi and breast orange. Feet ash colour. Sides and abdomen red-brown. One half of the superior wings next the body is chocolate, but next the external edges brown-orange, with a large black streak at the lower corners, and three others of different shapes in the middle of the wings ; 45 the chocolate division is adorned with a number of black streaks and marks, margined with fine silver white. Posterior wings chocolate, with an indented line of brown-orange placed along the external edges, verged at top with black ; these wings are marked with a number of silvery white lines and streaks, placed against each other in different directions. ‘Iwo small white spots, joined together, are placed on a black- ground at the abdominal corners. HESPERIA HELOPS. Plate XXXIIL. fig. 2, 3. OREDR: Lepidoptera. SecTIoN: Diurna. FAmIbLy: Hesperiidae, Steph. Genus. Hespertsa, Fabr Latr. God. Papilio (Pleb. Urb.), Linn. Drury, Se. HESPERIA HeExops. Alis anticis fuscis maculis hyalinis (tribus minutis) subapicalibus ; posticis supra flavis, fascia submarginali atra arcuata, subtis fuscis disco albo. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 2 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Pleb. Urb.) Helops, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hesperia (U.) Ennius, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 337. No. 283. Enc. Méth. ix. 749. No. 54. Donovan Ins. Ind. 11. pl. 3. fig. 1. HapitaT: Brazil, “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). “ In Indiis” (Fabr.). India ( Donovan). Upper Side. Antenne black. Head, thorax, and abdomen greenish brown. Anterior wings very dark brown, but next the body lighter, and having four diaphanous spots of different shapes on each wing; and also two yellow triangular ones, situated at the middle of the posterior edges. Posterior wings nearly black, with a large yellow patch on the middle of the wings, and two other yellow spots at the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi ash-coloured. Legs yellow-brown. Breast and abdomen brown. Anterior wings dark brown, the lower parts along the posterior edges being lighter coloured; the diaphanous spots conspicuous, and the tips prettily tinged with red-brown. Posterior wings dark brown, the middle being occupied by a large silver white patch; the edges next the abdominal corners yellow, the other parts of the wings marked by paler and different coloured tints. Margins of the wings entire. SATURNIA LUCINA. Plate XXXIV. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Nocturna. FAMILY: Bombycidie, Steph. GeENUS. SATuRNIA, Schrank. Attacus, Germ. Phalena(Attacus), Drury. Saturra Lucina. Alis albido-griseis fusco multi-rivulosis, strigis undulatis submarginalibus, anticis maculis nonnullis mediis ocelloque parvo apicali nigris. (Expans. Alar. 6 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Phalena (Attacus) Lucina, Drury, App. vol.3. Oliv. Ene. Méth. 5. 31, 27. Habitat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1775” ( Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne yellow and pectinated. Thorax and abdomen brown. Wings russet-brown and cream-colour, disposed in a great variety of different shaped marks. Anterior wings next the body with a number of angulated lines following each other in a regular succession; the middle being com- posed of another succession of undulated lines crossing the wings from the anterior to the posterior edges : a black oval spot is placed at the tips, and a row of different sized oval marks runs along the external 46 edges. Posterior wings next the body dark brown, the middle and bottom having a series of undulated lines crossing them in regular succession from the anterior to the abdominal edges, while a row of light and dark oval marks is placed along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi brown. Legs cream-coloured. Breast, sides, and abdomen brown. Tongue not observed. Wings differing but slightly from the upper side; the general manner of marking being still preserved here. On the upper part of the posterior wings, next the body, is a triangular cream spot, the inner space being brown. Margins of the wings entire. THECLA ORCAS. Plate XXXIV. fig. 2, 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SrcTion: Diurna. FamiLy: Lycenide, Steph. GENus. THECLA, Fabr. (Syst. Gloss.) Polyommatus, Latr. God. Hesperia p. Fabr.(olim.) _ Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Drury. THECLA ORCAS. Alis supra virescenti-cceruleis, limbo maculisque nonnullis subcostalibus anticarum_nigris ; subtus ferrugineo-fuscis maculis numerosis argenteis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Pleb. Rur.) Oreas, Drury, App. vol. 3. Enc. Méth. ix. 645. 102. (Polyomm. 0.) HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne brown and thickest at their extremities, where they are white. Head black, but between the eyes white. Thorax and abdomen dark blue, almost black. Wings golden blue, bordered and fringed with black; the anterior having along the anterior edges three small black marks, besides the border. Posterior wings furnished with four tails, and having two singular red spots placed at the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi and legs white. Sides, breast, and abdomen red and white. Wings fine red- brown, almost as deep as chocolate, adorned with a variety of different shaped silver spots; the anterior having eight, placed all over the wings, and the posterior eleven; the latter having an orange mark at the abdominal corners. Margins of the anterior wings entire, but of the posterior slightly dentated. PAPILIO THYASTES. Plate XXXV. fig. 1. OrpER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILy: Papilionidw, Leach. Genus. PaprLio, Auct. Papilio(Eq. Ach.), Drury, Fabr. PaApILio THYASTES. Alis caudatis nigris, fascia maculisque flavis, angulo ani sanguineo, posticis subtus linea sanguinea. (Expans, Alar. 4 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Ach.) Thyastes, Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Enc. Méth. 111.1. p. 26. No.77. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 54. Boisduv. Hist. Nat. Lepid. 1. p. 349. 191. Hasitat: Brazil, “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). : Upper Side. Antenne black. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings black-brown; the anterior wings having the middle occupied by a triangular yellow space, continued to the middle of the posterior ones; four yellow spots are placed at the tips, and several others along the anterior edges. Posterior wings furnished with two black tails, edged and tipped with yellow, and having four yellow marks 47 situated along the external edges; they have also three blue crescents at the roots of the tails, and above them a square yellow spot on the abdominal edges, and three small red ones placed above it. Under Side. Palpi not observed. Legs black. Breast and abdomen yellow. Wings paler brown than on the upper side, marked in the same manner as above, the yellow colour being here of a paler and greener hue. The posterior wings having the same marks here as above, with the addition of a row of short straight red lines placed along the external edges, but at a little distance from them. HIPPARCHIA NEREIS ¢. Plate XXXV. fig. 2, 3. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. Famity: Nymphalidae, Swains. Genus. Hipparcuia, Fabr. Satyrus, Latr. God. Papilio (Helic. Parn.), Drury. HipparcHIA NEREIS. Alis fuscis subhyalinis, vitta communi alba; posticis ad apicem fulvis, ocellis duobus atris. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.) Syn. Papilio (Hel. Parn.) Nereis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Herbst. Pap. tab. 84. f..1.2. Stoll Suppl. Cramer, pl. 26.f.3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1.184. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 483. (Satyrus N.) Hasirat: Brazil, “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown. Anterior wings grey- brown, thin, and slightly diaphanous, with a small light-coloured bar running from the anterior edge near the tips to the posterior. Posterior wings having one-third next the body grey-brown, divided by a line drawn across the wings from the anterior to the abdominal edges; next to this is an angulated white patch, the rest of these wings being orange-coloured, with two black eyes, having white centres, placed one at the upper, the other at the abdominal corners, the former having a small white spot joining to its upper part. The edges of these wings are bordered with dark brown. Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, and abdomen cream-coloured. Anterior wings next the tips tinged with red-brown ; the remainder of the wings being of the same colour as on the upper side. Posterior wings next the body pale clay, which occupies half the wings; below which is a white bar, the remainder of the wings being dark orange: the two black eyes are very small on this side, and the white spot above them not so distinct. These wings are larger than is generally observed among insects of this tribe. and are dentated, the anterior ones being entire. PAPILIO ASIUS. Plate XXXV. fig. 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SecTION: Diurna. FAmILy: Papilionide, Leach. GENUs. PAPILIO, Auct. Papilio (Eq. Achiy.), Drury, Fabr- PaPILio Asius. Alis nigris fascidé communi flavescenti-alba ; posticis caudatis, his subtus basi anguloque ani chermesino maculatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 une.) Syn. Papilio (Eq. Troj.) Asius. Fabr. Spec. Ins, 2. p. 5. No.17. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 8. No.21. Ene. Méth. ix. p.55. No.84. Boisduv. Hist. Nat. Lepid. 1. p. 309. 146. Papilio (Eq. Tr.) Astyagas, Drury, App. vol. 3. [Papilio Manlius, Perty Del. An. Art. Braz. Ins. pl. 29. f. 1. Hasitar: Brazil, “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). 48 Upper Side. Antenne, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings raven-black, having a pale yellow bar rising at the anterior edges near the tips of the superior wings, and crossing these and the inferior ones, meeting even with the abdomen, becoming wider gradually. Posterior wings furnished with two tails, and along the external edges having four small yellow crescents, and another at the abdominal corners ; above which are two long square red spots, and another yellow crescent on the abdominal edges. Under Side. Palpi, legs, and breast black. Abdomen black, with a white longitudinal stripe on each side. Wings marked nearly as on the upper side; the posterior having several red spots and streaks more than on the upper side, and placed next the body from the shoulders to the abdominal corners. NYMPHALIS AFER. Plate XXXVI. fig. 1, 2. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Nympuatis, Latr. Papilio( Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NyMPHALIS AFER. Alis supra violaceo-cceruleis margine externo nigro, anticis utrinque striga apicali punctorum alborum, posticis fusco nebulosis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 13 lin.) ’ Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Afer, Drury, App. vol.3. Stoll Suppl. Cramer, pl. 27. fig. 3. Papilio (N.) thiopa, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 136. No. 420. Ene. Meth. ix. p. 385. No. 119. (Nymph. #th.) Hasirat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Y Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax and abdomen blueish black. Wings, when viewed in a particular direction, fine shining light blue; but in any other are blueish brown. The anterior ones with six small white spots placed near the tips, the four uppermost being the smallest, and placed in a zigzag direction, parallel with the external edges, and with a few faint shadows. Posterior wings having, like the superior, only some faint shadows. ; Under Side. Palpi, legs, and breast clay-coloured. Abdomen brown. Wings having a variety of soft brown tints, of a light grey and dark brown colour, gradually softening into each other in a most agreeable manner. ‘The six white spots in the superior wings are observable on this side; but there are no other marks either in the anterior or posterior wings sufficient to be regarded as characters. Margins of all the wings slightly dentated; the inferior ones being angulated. We learn from Mr. Smeathman that this butterfly is found in the gloomy paths of the forests on the continent of Africa. NYMPHALIS ALPHA. Plate XXXVI. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Diurna. FAmiLy: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Nympuatuis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.) Drury. NYMPHALIS ALPH&A. Alis lutescentibus strigis undulatis communibus fuscis, puncto dilutiori anticarum sub- apicali, subtiis brunneis fasciis nigricantibus. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Nymph.) Alpheea, Drury, App. vol. 3, : Hasitat: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). 49 Upper Side. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Wings clay-coloured, with only a light spot on the anterior ones near the tips, and a number of small faint waved lines crossing the wings from the anterior to the posterior and abdominal edges. Under Side. Palpi long, grey brown. Breast and abdomen the same. Wings rather darker than on the upper side, being of a reddish brown. The two spots on the anterior wings are more conspicuous on this side than the other; and the waved lines here become bars in the posterior wings of a darker colour than the general ground, having two conspicuous ones, the lowest being the broadest. Margins of the wings slightly dentated. NYMPHALIS DORICL/AMA. Plate XXXVI. fig. 5, 6. OrveER : Lepidoptera. SEcTIoN: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NyMpuAtis, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NYMPHALIS DortcLmA. Alis Intescenti-fuscis supra strigis duabus punctorum nigrorum, posticis subtus puncto baseos atro. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Doriclea, Drury, App. vol.3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 248. No. 772. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 386. 124. HABITAT : Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne brown. Thorax and abdomen dark brown. Wings dark clay-coloured. The anterior ones having three black marks placed at the middle of the anterior edges, being about a quarter of an inch long, and a few very faint dark marks at the external edges. Posterior wings with only two rows of small faint dark crescents placed along the external edges. Under Side. Palpi, legs, breast, abdomen, and anterior wings light clay-coloured; the latter having two black streaks placed close to the anterior edges, near the middle, and a shade of dark brown along the external edges. Posterior wings along the upper part light clay; but towards the abdominal corners are darker. A dark-coloured narrow band rises at the middle of the anterior edges, which runs circularly towards the abdominal groove, but is lost in the general colour of the wing before it reaches that part. About the middle of this inner compartment is a small round black spot, being the only one either on the upper or under side. Margins of the wings entire, the posterior being slightly angulated. PIERIS (LEPTALIS) CRISIA. Plate XXXVII. fig. 1, 2. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna, Latr. FAMiILy: Papilionide, Leach. Genus. PreErRis, Schrank. Latr. God. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Leptalis, Botsduval.) Preris (LEPTALIS) Crista. Alis oblongis, anticis faleato-acuminatis fuscis, fascia ante apicem flavescente, posticis integerrimis flavescentibus, limbo fuseo. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 9 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Crisia, Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 166. No. 515. Ene. Méth, ix. p. 197. (Pieris Cr.) Boisduval Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. p. 422. (Leptalis Cr.) HAsBItTaT: Brazil. “ Rio Janeiro, Mr. Bonifas, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Ill H 50 Upper Side. Antenne spotted white beneath. Thorax and abdomen grey-brown.’ Anterior wings dark brown, almost like chocolate, the tips forming an obtuse angle; a white streak crossmg them obliquely towards the lower corners, having a very small black spot thereon near the upper part. The posterior edges are white, extending from the body almost to the lower corners. ‘Three small faint white spots are situated near the tips. Posterior wings white, deeply edged with brown from the upper to the abdominal corners. Under Side. Palpi, breast, and abdomen grey. Anterior wings not so dark as on the upper side: but having the same marks, with the addition of a white streak at the tips. Posterior wings white, with a few patches of a very light brown, the lower edges being dappled with that colour. Near the shoulders are two small yellow spots. Margins of the wings entire. ACR/EA ETHOSEA. Plate XXXVII. fig. 3, 4. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAmity: Heliconiide, Swains. Genus. AcrzaA, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Heliconii), Fabr. olim. Acr@A ErHoseA, Alis oblongis, supra fuscis disco albo, anticis integerrimis, posticis subdenticulatis, his infra basi punctis nigris, margine exteriori maculis albis trigonis serie digestis, (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio(Nymph. Phal) Ethosea, Drury, App. vol. 3. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 235. No. 17. HapitTatT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antenne black. Thorax, abdomen, and wings deep brown, almost black; the disk of the anterior being white, and extending to the shoulders, all the middle part of the posterior being white likewise. Under Side. Palpi grey. Breast and abdomen brown. Anterior wings next the body yellowish brown, but towards the tips inclining to grey; nerves black; the disk white, with a round black spot near the body, and another of a smaller size below it. The middle of the posterior wings is white, surrounded with brown, that part along the lower edges being darkest; next the body are five distinct black round spots, and an irregular shaped one at the middle of the upper edge; along the lower edges are a number of small triangular white spots. Margins of the posterior wings slightly dentated. Although Sierra Leone is given by Drury in his published account of this insect as the locality for this species, I find it mentioned in his manuscript Catalogue as being received from “New Zealand, Mr. Banks, 1775.” The authors of the Encyclopédie Méthodique evidently knew the species only from Drury’s figures and descriptions, and therefore have given the former locality. It is difficult to account for this contradictory statement, or to assert which of these localities is the correct one. ACRAHIA CYNTHIA. Plate XXXVI. fig. 5, 6. OrpeER: Lepidoptera. SecTION: Diurna. Famrny: Heliconiidwe, Swains. Genus. Acr&A, Fabr. Latr. God. Papilio (Heliconii), Fabr. olim. Acrma Cyntuia. Alis oblongis integerrimis fuscis, fascia communi anticarumque macula apicali, albidis ; posticis supra punctorum fulvorum serie postica. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 8 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Hel.) Cynthius, Drury, App. vol. 3. Herbst. Pap. tab. 80. f. 1. 2. Acrza Cynthia, Enc. Meth. ix. p. 234. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Upper Side. Antennz brown. Eyes, thorax, and abdomen black. Anterior wings dark brown; a dark cream-coloured band rises at the middle of these wings, and crossing the posterior meets at the abdominal edges a little above the anus; a dark cream-coloured patch is also situated near the tips, and a narrow reddish line runs from the body to the disk. Posterior wings dark brown, having a row of five oblong lightish spots placed along the lower edges. Under Side. Palpi grey. Breast and abdomen streaked and spotted with dark cream and black. Wings paler than on the upper side; the band and patch not so conspicuous as on the anterior ones; a row of marks, like acute angles, are placed along the edges of all the wings, the posterior ones having a cluster of ten small black spots placed near the body. Margins of the wings entire. In Drury’s manuscripts, which have come into my hands, it is stated that this insect was brought from Sierra Leone by Mr. Smeathman, and that ‘“ the original insect from which this figure was taken is destroyed, and was of a much’ livelier colour than those which I judge to be varieties of Cynthius.” HELICONIA IRENE. Plate XXXVIII. fig. 1. ORDER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. FAMILY: Heliconiide, Swains. Genus. HeExiconta, Latr. God. Papilio (Helicon.), Fabr. HELICONIA IRENE. Alis oblongis, anticis nigris basi ferrugineo radiatis, 4 medio ad extimum flayo-maculatis, posticis fulvis limbo exteriori maculisque ante apicem nigris, singulis infra punctis marginalibus albis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Irene, Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p.165. No. 510. Ene. Meéth. ix. p. 223. No. 60. HABitat: “Jamaica, Mr. Shakespear, 1779” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black at the base, but yellow at the tips. Thorax black. Abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings black, with twelve different shaped spots, occupying half the wings next the tips; these spots are principally yellow, (one next the body being orange), and differ very much in form and size; next the body are two narrow faint reddish longitudinal streaks. Posterior wings dusky orange, the edges being bordered with black from the middle of the anterior edges to the abdominal corners ; a square black spot is placed near the upper corners, and two very small ones by the side of it. Under Side. Palpi black. Breast streaked with white. Abdomen yellow. Wings less brilliant ; H 2 52 but having much the same markings as on the upper side; the black border on the posterior ones having a row of white spots thereon, and another row is observable on the edges of the anterior. Posterior wings dentated. NYMPHALIS IOLE. Plate XXXVIII. fig. 2. OrveER: Lepidoptera. SEcTION: Diurna. FAMILY: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. NyMPHALIS, Latr. Papilio (Nymph. Gemmat.), Drury. NympuHatis IoLE. Alis supra basi fulvis, tune nigris cceruleo-micantibus, subtus nitenti-ferrugineis, strigis duabus nigris undulatis, posticis caudatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Iole, Drury, App. vol. 3. Stoll Suppl. Cram. pl. 29. fig. 4. 4. D. Papilio (N) Fureula, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111.1. p. 79. No. 246. Ene. Méth. ix. p. 360. 36. (Nymphalis F.) Donovan Nat. Repos. 5. 151. Hasrrat: “ Jamaica” (Drury, in text). ‘‘ Madras, Mr. Skeene, 1772” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Eyes, thorax, and abdomen brown. Wings brown-black, a consider- able part of them encircling the body being dark orange. Posterior wings furnished with two tails, rather lighter than the other part. Under Side. FPalpi, legs, breast, and abdomen cream-coloured. Wings brown, having a blueish as well as a reddish hue, several waved lines crossing them from the anterior to the abdominal edges : five small white spots are placed next the tips, and several small black ones are situated along the external edges of both wings. HIPPARCHIA ANDROMEDA. Plate XXXVIII. fig. 3. OrpvER: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna, Famity: Nymphalide, Swains. Genus. Hrpparcuia, Fabr. Satyrus, Latr. God. Papilio (Helic. Parn.), Drury. HIppARCHIA ANDROMEDA. Alis hyalinis, anticis strigis duabus fuscantibus, posticis apice chermesinis ocello utrinque unico. (Expans. Alar. 2 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (P.) Andromeda, Fabr. Syst. Ent. 467. No.107. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 184. No. 569. Papilio (Hel. Parn.) Menander, Drury, App. vol. 3. Herbst. Pap. t. 84. fig. 6. Papilio Philis, Cramer, 387. fig. E. Papilio Pireta, Cramer, pl. 315. fig. A. Hapitat: Jamaica (Drury). Surinam (Enc. Méth.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Two small white spots on the neck. Eyes, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings perfectly transparent, the lower part of the posterior beautiful carmine-red ; close to the upper corner of these wings is a round black spot encircled with yellow, and a small white one on its edge; another white one, very minute, is also situated just below it, which is barely discernible. Under Side. Palpi white. Breast and abdomen grey. Wings are exactly the same as on the upper side. Margins of the wings entire. HELICONIA SAPPHO. Plate XXXVIII. fig. 4. Orp»R: Lepidoptera. SecTIoN: Diurna. Famity: Heliconiide, Swainson. Genus. Hexiconia, Latr. God. Papilio (Helicon.), Fabr. HELICONIA SappHo. Alis oblongis, supra atro ceeruleis infra nigris ; anticis utrinque fascia transversa bifida ; posticis margine exteriori albis, his subtis basi sanguineo radiatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 3 lin.) Syn. Papilio (Hel. Parn.) Sapho, Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 1. p. 165. No. 511. Stoll Suppl. Cramer, pl. 30. 2. § 2. B. Herbst. Pap. tab. 75. f. 7. Hasitat: “Jamaica, Mr. Shakespear, 1779” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne black. Eyes brown. Thorax and abdomen black. Wings mazarine blue ; the anterior ones having a white band crossing them from the middle of the anterior edges to the lower corners; the posterior edged with a white border, intersected by the blue tendons of the wings. Under Side. Palpi grey. Breast and abdomen black, streaked with white. Wings black where they are blue on the upper side, with the same white markings; but next the body are adorned with beautiful red streaks, ending in points resembling rays issuing from it. Margins of the wings entire. EREBUS ZENOBIA. Plate XXXIX. OrpvER: Lepidoptera. Suction: Nocturna. FAMILY: Noctuidse, Stephens. Genus. Erxsus, Latr. Thysania, Dalm. Noctua p. Fabr. EREBUS ZENOBIA. Alis cinereis strigis dentatis et undulatis fuscis et brunneis variegatis, subtis ferrugineis nigro- undatis. (Expans. Alar, 5 une. 6 lin ) Syn. Phalena (Bombyx) Zenobia, Drury, App. vol. 3. Cramer? tab. 115. A. B. Noctua Zenobia, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 111. 2. p. 8. No.1. Gmel. Linn. S, N. 2529. 969. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 8. p. 251. 1. Haxitat: “Jamaica, Mr. Keuchan, 1775” (Drury’s MSS.). Upper Side. Antenne setaceous and dark brown. Head the same. ‘Thorax and abdomen grey : having a tuft of black hairs standing between them. General colour grey, faintly tinged with red. Anterior wings with a remarkable irregular black bar running from the tips to the shoulders, crossing the thorax horizontally, and parallel with the anterior edges; on the middle of this edge is a triangular dark brown spot edged with black, and nearer the body is a smaller one of the same shape and colour: a second narrower black line is situate about half an inch below, and parallel with the first, rising on the posterior edges, and extending across the wings almost to the external ones. Posterior wings with a black irregular bar arising near the external corners, and crossing them in a straight direction, meeting at the extremity of the abdomen ; just above this, and almost close to it, is a very small and narrow waved black line running parallel with it, but towards the end suddenly turns off, and reaches the anterior edges. Besides the above markings there are a number of lighter and darker shades interspersed on the different parts of the wings. Under Side. Palpi reddish, the extremities brown. Tongue spiral. Legs dark brown, mottled with red. Breast, abdomen, and sides red. Wings greyish red, with black indented lines and bars running parallel with the edges of the wings, and regularly placed one above another. Anterior wings o4 having a black spot near their centre shaped like a kidney-bean, with a small round one at a little distance nearer the body. Posterior having likewise a small black spot about half an inch from the base. Margins of the wings rather deeply scolloped. GOLIATHUS DRURIL. : Plate XL. OrpDER: Coleoptera. SrcTion: Lamellicornes. FAmity : Cetoniide. Genus. GoxratHus, De Lamarck. Cetonia, Fabr. Scarabeus, Linn. Drury, §c. GotraTHus Drurit. Albidus, thorace lineis sex et disco elytrorum irregulariter nigris, pedibus seneis, capite porrecto bifido. (Long. Corp. 4 unc.) Syn. Goliathus Maximus var. Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 2. 135. Cetonia Goliata, Oliv. Ent. 1.6. p. 71. t. 9.f. 33. ¢. Hasitat: Sierra Leone, Africa (Drury). Head cream-coloured at top, and black underneath, being full three-fourths of an inch in length, from the neck to the extremity of the two horns which issue from the fore part of it, the sides of which are furnished with two other thick horns which are shorter than the former. Eyes black, and situated so as to discern above and beneath. Antenne black. ‘Thorax an inch and a half long, cream-coloured, having a thin, sharp, black edge all round; on the top are six longitudinal black streaks Wifferently shaped, separated by cream-coloured lines, the middle ones being narrowest, on each side of which near the lateral edge is a small single black spot; the under part of the thorax is cream-coloured. Scutellum of a longish triangular shape, and cream-coloured. Elytra cream-coloured, with a broad black streak like vélvet, about a third of their breadth, running near the lateral edges from the shoulders to the tips. On each side the scutellum is a small black oblong spot, at about one-third of an inch from it. Legs dark green, finely polished. The hairs on the middle and hind thighs and tibiz dark orange. Abdomen dark green. Abdominal scales [posterior cox] the same; on which, close to the joints of the hinder thighs, are two small cream-coloured spots. Sternum long, and of a dark green colour. I have ventured, on the authority of several distinguished entomologists, to give this insect as a species distinct from Goliathus maximus, figured in the first volume of these Illustrations, Pl. 31. It is true, indeed, that both are from the tropical districts of the western coast of Africa, and that both exhibit the same general structure and form of the horns, (the variations of which constitute the chief specific differences in these cornuted species). Drury evidently at first regarded it as specifically distinct, for he says, in his observation upon it, “This insect is of the same genus with that described in Vol. I. Pl. XXXL. but I judge it to be a different species,” although in the synoptical appendix to the volume he calls it ‘‘a variety of Goliathus,” the markings are very different, as may be seen by comparing the two figures; but it might be considered that the specimen represented in the first volume was a rubbed individual of that here figured ; this, however, is evidently not the case, because in both descriptions Drury expressly describes the dark part of the elytra as resembling velvet, which could not be the case if the specimen was YS) rubbed. Moreover, a very fine and recent specimen corresponding with the present figure has lately been received by Mr. Havill, of Oxford Street, printseller and naturalist, who has demanded the sum of fifty pounds for it. The individual here figured is in the collection of Mr. Mac Leay, to whom I have been indebted for a sight of it, and by whose father it was purchased at the sale of Mr. Drury’s collection at the price of £12. 1s. 6d., forming lot 95, in the first day’s sale, Thursday May 23, 1805, and described in the catalogue as *« Scarabeeus Goliathus, var.” I have also seen in the Royal Museum at Berlin a female of this genus having the head unarmed, and agreeing in colour and markings with the insect here figured, but which is regarded by Dr. Klug as a species distinct from the Goliath. maximus, and which he has recently described in Ermann’s Voyage. ‘ MYRMELEON TORRIDUM. Plate XL1. OrpeER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Filicornes. FAMILY: Myrmeleonidie, Leach. GENUS. MyYRMELEON, Linn. Se. MYRMELEON ToRRIDUM. Capite thoraceque fulvescentibus, linea dorsali nigra, hoc griseo-pubescenti, abdomine fusco, alis fusco-punctatis et maculatis, maculis posticarum majoribus et versus apicem crucem irregularem formantibus. (Expans. Alar. 6 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Myrmeleon Libelluloides var., Drury, App. vol. 3. HaBiratT: Sierra Leone. Antenne black, slender, and thickest at the extremities. Head, neck, and thorax yellowish brown, with a black longitudinal stripe running along the middle. Four palpi, two of which are short; the other two long, slender, and knobbed at the extremities. Thorax nearly covered with grey hairs. Abdomen yellowish brown; but, when the insect was living, was probably green. Wings of equal length, the anterior being broadest, all marked with a great number of red-brown spots, and clouds of various shapes and sizes, and appearing to be composed of fine lattice-work like gauze, and perfectly transparent where they are not clouded. Legs nearly of equal length, having two strong tibial spurs. This is the insect referred to in the observations upon Myrmeleon Libelluloides figured in Vol. I. tab. 46. fig. 1. as having been regarded by Drury and Fabricius as a variety of that South-Europzan species. ‘That they are specifically distinct both in their habitat and characters will not, I think, be doubted. The peculiar dilatation of the extremity of the posterior wings is a curious character not found in the Libelluloides. PEPSIS ATROX. Plate XLII. fig. 1. ORDER: Hymenoptera. SEcTION: Fossores. FAmiLy: Pompilidw, Leach. Genus. Pepsis, Fabr. Latr. Sphex, Linn. Drury. Prpsts ATROX. Nigra, alis fusco-diaphanis, pedibus fulvis. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 3 lin. Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Sphex atrox, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Head dark brown. Jaws strong: two of the palpi are long, the other two short. Tongue dilated, and tufted at the tips. Eyes oblong, shining and prominent. Thorax and abdomen brown-black. Abdominal peduncle short. In the specimen figured the sting was exserted, curved, and furnished with two short clavate instruments at its base. Wings thin, and diaphanous. Legs yellow-brown, and furnished with a great number of short spines from the claws to the base of the tibize. Tibize with two spurs, except those of the fore-legs, which have but one. Fabricius has described an insect from South America, under the name of Pepsis Heros, which nearly agrees with this species, with the following reference—‘ Sphex Securus, Drury Ins... tab. ~—. fig. = ”_—s It will be sufficient to observe that Drury has described no such insect, although it is probable that Fabricius, who was on terms of intimacy with our author, might have seen the unpublished figure of such insect in his possession. Mr. Smeathman informed our author that he was once stung in the finger by one of these insects, but the pain was not so severe as might have been expected from a wound made by so large a creature belonging to this genus. His method, when stung by any insects in Africa, was to open the puncture with a lancet, and squeeze out the blood and venom together, which, when effectually done, soon caused the pain to abate. CHLORION FEROX. Plate XLII. fig. 2. ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAMILY: Sphegidwe, Leach. Genus. CHLoRION, Latr. Sphex, Drury. CHLORION FEROX. Viridi-cyaneum, nitidissimum, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis fuscescentibus. (Expans. Alar. fere 2 unc.) Syn. Sphex ferus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Sphex lobata? Fabr. Ent. Syst. 2,206. 30. Syst. Piez. 217. HABitTaT: China. Head fine green. Jaws strong. ‘Tongue not observed. Eyes oblong. Antenne black. Wings thin and diaphanous. ‘Thorax and abdomen beautiful shining emerald green. Legs black. The description given by Drury of this insect entirely agrees with a very common Chinese insect, the Chlorion lobatum, Latr. This figure is however hardly to be recognized, ATTA FERVENS. Plate XLII. fig. 3. ORDER: Hymenoptera. SEcTION : Heterogyna. FAmILy : Formicide, Leack. Genus. ATra, Fabr. Latreille. Formica, Linn. Drury. ATTA FERVENS. Fusea, sericea, alis fuscis, capitis angulis posticis rotundatis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Formica fervens, Drury, App. vol, 2. Say in Journ. of Nat. Hist. Soc. of Boston, p. 290. Hasitat: Musquito Shore, on the Bay of Mexico. Antenne small, setaceous, and shorter than the thorax. Head dark brown, small and flat, armed with strong jaws. Eyes small, round and black. ‘Thorax and abdomen dark brown, and velvety. Wings brown and diaphanous. Legs coloured like the body, without any spines at any of the joints; neither is there any abdominal peduncle. This msect (which appears to be a queen or female ant) is nearly allied to a very celebrated South American species, which, from visiting the houses of the inhabitants in great swarms, is termed the visiting ant. (Atta Cephalotes, Fabr.) The late Mr. Say, however, pointed out the differences between the two species in his manuscripts, which have been published in the Journal of the Natural History Society of Boston for 1836. PEPSIS SEVERA. Plate XLII. fig. 4. ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAamMILy: Pompilide, Leach. Genus. PeEpsis, Latr. Fabr. Sphex, Linn. Drury. PrEpsiIs SEVERA. Atra, alis fulvo-diaphanis apice fuscis, pedibus fulvis femoribus nigris. (Expans. Alar. 3 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Sphex Severus, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Coast of Africa. Head black. ‘Tongue not observed. Palpi four. Eyes oblong, prominent and shining. Wings yellow-brown, diaphanous, the tips black. Thorax, abdomen, and thighs black. Tibie and tarsi yellow-brown. MANTIS (HARPAX) OCELLARIA. Plate XLIII. fig. 1. ORDER: Orthoptera. SEcTIoN: Cursoria, FAMILY: Mantide. GENUS. Mantis, Linn. (SuBGENuUs: Harpax, Serville.) MANTIS (HARPAX) OCELLARTA. Capite inermi, femoribus posticis lobo apieali, elytris viridibus ocello magno discoidali flavo nigro-cingulato. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syn. Mantis ocellaria, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Coast of Africa. 58 Antenne setaceous. The insect, when living, was probably green, but is now of a yellowish brown; the eyes, head, and thorax being of that colour. One-third of the tegmina, next the tips, is transparent, the remainder being green. In the centre is a yellow spot resembling an eye, encircled with black, whose centre is dark green, with a black margin at top. Wings transparent. Fore-legs yellow-brown. Femora strong, with two rows of spines, and a groove between to receive the tibiae, which are furnished with a strong spine at the tip. Middle and hind legs having a small flap placed at the tips of the femora, and two tibial spurs. “¢ This rare and beautiful mantis was found in a savanna.”—Smeathman. PENTATOMA BICOLORATA. Plate XLIII. fig. 2. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBoRDER: Heteroptera. SEcTION: Geocorisa, FAMILY: Pentatomide. GENUS. PxENTATOMA, Latreille. Cimex, Fabricius, Drury. PENTATOMA BrIcoLoRATA. Fusca, pronoti lateribus in spinam obtusam utrinque productis, scutello versus basin et ad apicem elytrorumque macula costali fulvis. (Long. Corp. lin. 7.) Syn. Cimex rostratus, Drury, App. vol. 2. La punaise a sept taches, Stoll, pl. 14. fig. 97. Hasirat: Sierra Leone (Drury). Coast of Guinea (Stoll). Head and eyes brown. Thorax dark yellow in front; the hinder part brown, the sides terminating in two obtuse spmes. Scutellum yellow, brown in the middle. Hemelytra brown, with a yellow spot on the middle of the anterior edges. Legs yellow-brown, the fore ones having a remarkable spine on the thighs, placed near the tips. Rostrum strong, extending as far as the middle legs. Abdomen with two lateral dark indented lines extending to the anus. I have been compelled to propose another specific name for this insect, that given to it by our author being quite inexpressive. CERBUS? FLAVEOLUS. Plate XLIII. fig, 3. OrPER: Hemiptera. SuBoRDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Coreide, Leach. Genus. CxarBus? Hahn. Cimex, Drury. CreRBUSs? FLAVEOLUS. Fuscus, pronoti marginibus fasciaque angulata elytrorum fulvis; abdomine rufo, nigro marginato. (Expans. Alar. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Cimex flaveolus, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Head dark orange. Antenne filiform, four-jointed, about three-fourths the length of the insect. Thorax brown, edged with yellow. Scutellum triangular, not large, brown. Hemelytra brown, one- half of the posterior edge next the body having a yellow line running along it, crossing the middle, and 59 ending at the anterior edge. Wings diaphanous. Abdomen red, edged with black. Rostrum slender, and extending just below the fore-legs. Legs yellow-brown. Tibie and tarsi almost black. DIASPIDIUS SCAPHA. Plate XLIII. fig. 4. ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Heteroptera. SEcTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Reduviidee, Leach. GrENus. DiAsprpius, Westw. Cimex, Drury. DrAsPrpIus ScapHA. Fulvus; ecapite, antennis, pronoti lobo antico, membrana elytrorum pedibusque nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Cimex Scapha, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Head very small, black, hairy, and long. Antenne filiform, about half the length of the insect. ‘The fore part of the thorax is hairy and black; the remainder and the scutellum yellow-brown. Basal half of the hemelytra orange-coloured, the remainder dark brown. Wings diaphanous. Abdomen brown- yellow. Rostrum short and black, not reaching to the fore-legs, which are black. Middle and hind legs partly black and brown. This insect differs so much from the other species of the extensive family Reduviide, that I have been compelled to raise it to the rank of a distinct genus, the characters of which are as well marked as those of the majority of the genera recently proposed by the Continental Entomologists in this group. Its characters as a genus are— Caput parvum. Antenne breves vix longitudine thoracis, 4 ?-articulate:; articulo 2°¢°., 1™°. et 3°. breviori. Pronotum posticé in lobum magnum depressum, supra scutellum et basin alarum productum. Hemelytra marginem lateralem abdominis haud tegentia. Tarsi ut videtur 1-articulati. PYRRHOCORIS PRINCEPS. Plate XLIII. fig. 5. OrpDER: Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Lygeide. Genus. Pyrruocorts, Fallen, Burmeister. Astemma, St. Farg. § Serv. Platynotus, Schill. PYRRHOCORIS PRINCEPS. Sanguineus; pronoti lobo antico in medio, elytrorum fascia versus basin maculaque costali media nigris, membrana apicali fusca, femoribus in medio nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.) Syn. Cimex longirostris, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Head yellowish-brown. Thorax in front black, and brown behind. Antenne black and slender, about half the length of the insect. Scutellum triangular and black. Corium yellow-brown, having a black streak crossing the middle, and a black spot near it; apical membrane opake and dark brown. Wings diaphanous. Rostrum long and slender, reaching to the middle of the abdomen. Legs partly black and brown. ‘Tarsi three-jointed. 12 60 The name applied to this species by Drury is so inexpressive that I have been induced to propose for it a new specific designation, which has allusion to its large size and rich colouring. CETONIA TORQUATA. Plate XLIV. fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAamIny : Cetoniide. Gunus. CrETontA, Fabricius, Sc. Scarabeus, Linn. §e. Ceronta TorQuATA. Obscure viridis, thoracis margine antico luteo, pygidii maculis duabus albis; elytrorum apice suturali spinoso. (Long. Corp. 2 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Sear. torquatus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Herbst. Col. 111. p. 198. t. 28.f.1. Schon. Syn. Ins. 3.117. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Head rather square, depressed above; dusky in front, grey behind. Eyes round and prominent. Antenne black. The thorax dusky green, margined. Scutellum large, triangular, and green. Elytra dusky green, the sides and suture margined, having two swellings near the extremities, and two short thick spines at the end of the suture. The abdomen covered above with a fine brown pile like velvet. Hind part of the abdomen green, with two silvery white spots of a squarish form. All the under side of the insect green, and of a more lively or shining colour than the upper. Legs strong and thick, the tibiae furnished with thick spines, both in the middle and at the tips, the hinder ones being hairy. This splendid and exceedingly rare insect flew on board a ship at Sierra Leone, and was taken on the awning on the following morning. It seems to be unknown to the French Entomologists, and is omitted in the “ Monographie des Cétomes” of Messrs. Gory and Perchéron. PELIDNOTA UNICOLOR. Plate XLIV. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAmriLy: Rutelide, Mac Leay. GENus. PELIDNOTA, Mac Leay. Searabzeus p., Drury. PELIDNOTA UNIcoLor. Tota lutea; elytris tenuiter striatis. (Long Corp. 1 une. 14 lin.) Syn. Searabzeus unicolor, Drury, App. vol. 3. Melolontha Druryana, Herbst. Col. 11. p. 163, 121. t. 27. f. 3. Melolontha lutea, Olivier Ent. 1. 5. p, 23. t.19. 1. f. 2. Pelidnota testacea, Deg. Cat. HABitat: Brazil. Brown. Thorax margined. Scutellum small and semi-circular. Elytra margined, and faintly striated. Anterior tibize dentated. Tibi with two spurs, except the fore ones, which have only one. RUTELA LINEOLA. Plate XLIV. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Ratelidz. Genus. Rurexa, Latreille. Scarabeus p. Drury. Cetonia p. Fabr. RuTELA LinEOLA. Nigra, linea a capite ad scutellum ducta, lateribusque flavis, elytrorum plag&d magna flavida. (Long. Corp. 73 lin.) Syn. Scarabzeus Lineola var. Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 552.53. Fabr. Syst. Bl. 11. p. 145. 53. (Cetonia L.) Syst. Ent. p. 46.17. Oliv, Ent. 1.6. p. 78. 98. t. 11. f. 106. var. 8. Cetonia Ephippium, Fabr. Mantiss. 1. p. 29. 31. Scarabeeus Hespera, Drury, App. vol. 2. HABITAT: Brazil. Antenne brown. Head black, with a deep yellow stripe down the middle, which is continued across the thorax; that part being black, the sides yellow, whereon is a black spot in the middle. Seutellum yellow and triangular. Elytra black, with a large yellow patch in the middle of each. Podex yellow, the middle being black. Abdomen ringed with black and yellow above; black beneath, with two yellow spots on it. Sternum yellow, extending to the posterior coxee, which are brown. Posterior femora broad, yellow and brown; the other legs brown. The specimen here figured appears to differ from the ordinary character of the species in having the thorax more strongly marked with dark yellow. MACRASPIS FUCATA. Plate XLIV. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTIoN: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Rutelide. Genus. Macraspis, Mae Leay. Cetonia p., Fabricius. Scarabeus p., Drury. MACcRASPIs Fucara. Atra nitida, thoracis margine omni elytrorumque vittis duabus flavis. (Long. Corp. 103 lin.) Syn. Cetonia fueata, Fabr. Syst. El. 11. p.151.82. Ent. Syst. 1.11. p.145. 69. Sch. Syn. Ins. vol. 3. p. 158. Cetonia quadri-vittata, Oliv. Ent. 1. 6. p. 73. 92. t. 7. fi 65. Searabeens Cinctus, Drury, App. vol.2. Herbst. Col. 111. p. 249. 38. t. 31. 7.5. (Cetonia c.) HABITAT: Rio Janeiro. Head black and circular. Thorax black, margined with yellow. Scutellum very large, black, and triangular. Elytra black, the sides brown, between which colours is a narrow yellow line, which, running round the extremities, returns back pretty broad up to the anterior edge. Podex and abdomen brown. Sternum long and black. Legs black. ‘Tibiae with two long spurs at the tips, the fore-legs having only one. Ungues having a long slender spine fixed to the joint, of equal length with the hook itself. ECTRICHODIA BARBICORNIS. Plate XLV. fig. 1. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBoRDER: Heteroptera. Section: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Reduyiide, Leach. Genus. Ecrricuopra, Laporte. Ectrichotes, Burmeister. Loricerus, Hahn. EcrricHopia BarBIcorNIs. Nigra; thorace, abdominis lateribus pedibusque rufis, scutello nigro nitido. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 1} lin.) Syn. Reduvius barbicornis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 4. 194.4. Syst. Rh. 267.4. Drury, App. vol. 3. (Cimex b.) Hasitat: Sierra Leone. 62 Head small and dark brown. Antenne filiform, black. Thorax dark orange. Scutellum small, black, rough, and shining. Hemelytra black, velvety; but edged next the body with orange. Abdomen black, edged with orange. Rostrum short, not reaching to the fore-legs, and brown. Legs slender and orange-coloured. CERBUS FALX. Plate XLV. fig. 2. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Heteroptera. SrcTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Coreidee, Leach. Genus. CrErBus, Hahn. Anisoscelis, Latr. Lygeus, Fabr. Cersus Faux. Fuscus, thoracis lateribus compresso-lunatis serratis, femoribus posticis dilatatis haud dentatis, tibiisque posticis membranaceo-dilatatis. (Long. Corp. 9} lin.) Syn. Cimex falx, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hapsrtat: Coast of Africa. Head small, dirty brown, which is the general colour of the insect. Antenne slender, about two-thirds the length of the insect. Thorax brown, the sides terminating in two broad and thin protuberances, bending forward towards the head, the edges being serrated. Scutellum triangular. Wing-cases, wings and legs muddy-coloured, the hinder legs having the tibize very broad, and thin. This insect is very nearly allied to Lygeus Tragus Wolff, fig. 188, which is, however, an inhabitant of China. . DIACTOR LATIPES. Plate XLV. fig. 3. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Heteroptera. Section: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Coreidw, Leach. Genus. Dractor, Burmeister. Acanthocephalus, Laporte. Cimex, Drury. Lygzeus, Fabr. Dractor LatipsEs. Fuscus sive brunneus, unicolor; pronoto cano granoso, elytrorum venis rufis, tarsis posticis pallidis. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 1} lin.) Syn. Cimex latipes, Drury, App. vol. 3. Lygzeus compressipes, Fabr. Syst. Rh. 209.24. Stoll Cim. t. 2. f. 14. Burmeister Handb. 2. 334. (Diactor ec.) Hasitat: Jamaica (Drury). South America. Head black and very smal]. Antenne slender, and almost as long as the msect. Thorax dark muddy green, almost black, which is the general colour of the insect. Next the head there is a white mark, somewhat resembling a crown, the sides terminating in two angles. Scutellum triangular. Hemelytra and wings of the same dark colour with the other parts. Rostrum slender, extending to the middle legs. Fore and middle legs slender, the thighs being dentated. Hinder legs very long, the thighs very thick and strong, and much dentated; the tibize being very broad and thin, and the inner edges serrated. ‘Tarsi dark orange. HAMMATOCERUS PURCIS. Plate XLV. fig. 4. OrpeER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Heteroptera. SrcTron: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Reduviide, Leach. Genus. HAmMATOCERUs, Burm. Hammacerus, Laporte. Cimex, Drury. HamMatocerus Purcts. Niger, undique granosus, elytris basi albis, femorum posticorum basi sanguinea. (Long. Corp. 1 une.) Syn. Cimex Pureis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Brown Ill. tab. 70. f. 2. Reduyius Nychthemerns, I/dig. Burm. vol. 2. 236. 1. (Hammatocerus n. ) Hammacerus conspicillaris var. Laporte Hem. 79. Hasirat: Virginia (Drury). Georgia (Burmeister). Head, eyes, and thorax black; the latter rough. Antenne setaceous, consisting of immumerable articulations. Scutellum triangular and black. Corium white, terminal membrane black. Wings white and transparent. Abdomen black, the edges marked with scarlet and black spots. Rostrum black and short, not reaching to the fore legs. Legs black, the hinder thighs next the body scarlet. CERBUS SANCTUS. Plate XLV. fig. 5. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Heteroptera. SEcTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Coreidwe, Leach. Genus. CrErBus, Hahn. Anisoscelis, Latr. Lygeus, Fabr. CERBUS SANCTUS. Fuscus, thorace maculaque eruciata elytrorum fulvis, thorace inermi, pedibus nigris femoribus posticis maximis, tibiis mediocribus. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.) Syn. Cimex Sanctus, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Head dark brown. Antenne almost as long as the insect. Thorax orange brown, having a black streak on it next the head. Scutellum triangular and black. Corium orange brown, apical membrane black. Rostrum small and slender, not reaching to the fore legs. Legs black. Hinder thighs strong and thick, having a strong spine on the under part, and another longer, near the tip of the tibiae. Fabricius has applied the specific name of Sanctus to one of the species of thick-legged Coreide, from Brazil, which is placed by Burmeister in the Genus Crinocerus. Drury quoted the Fabrician description as belonging to his species, but the diversity in their locality would alone be sufficient to prove them to be distinct. RAPHIGASTER VALIDUS. Plate XLV. fig. 6. For the description of this species, and a representation of an individual with expanded wings, see Vol. II. plate XXXVIII. fig. 4. The following are the only material variations noticed in the descriptions of this specimen as compared with that referred to above, and which can only be regarded as indicating slight variety. Head very small and black. Antenne black, about half the length of the insect. Thorax shining, punctated, and of a deep blue, almost black, being surrounded with a circular line of a cream colour, and which is divided in the middle, the sides terminating in two black angular spines. Scutellum large. 64 glossy, triangular, and black, the tip being cream-coloured and punctated. Hemelytra brownish, tinged with blue, the extremities being blueish black. Abdomen red above, edged with orange and black ; deep yellow beneath, with black spots on the edge. Legs deep yellow, tibia black. Tarsi black above, yellow beneath. CERBUS UMBROSUS. Plate XLV. fig. 7. OrpER: Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Heteroptera. Section: Geocorisa. FaMIzy : Coreidi, Leach. Genus. CeERBUS, Hahn. Anisoscelis, Latr. Lygzeus, Fabr. Crrsus UmBrosus. Obscuré fulvescens, pronoti disco striis tribus nigris, antennarum articulo ultimo fulvo, elytris striis obliquis nigris notatis, membrana apicali cenea nitida, femoribus tibiisque posticis serratis. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Cimex umbrosus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hapitat: Brazil. Head and thorax dark orange, the latter with three longitudinal streaks of a darker colour. Antenne dark orange and black, the last articulation orange. Scutellum triangular, and dark brown. Hemelytra striated with dark orange and brown, the extremities being of a bronze-colour and glossy. Abdomen darker than the other parts. Rostrum extending to the middle legs. Legs orange-brown, the hinder ones having the thighs and tibiz serrated. HAMMATOCERUS CONSPICILLARIS. Plate XLV. fig. 8. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Heteroptera. Suction: Geocorisa. Famity: Reduviide, Leach. Genus. HamMaAtocEerus, Burm. Hammacerus, Laporte. Cimex, Drury. HAMMATOCERUS CONSPICILLARIS. Niger, elytris basi albis, macula irregulari nigra, abdominis marginibus rubro-maculatis. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 14 lin.) Syn. Cimex conspicillaris, Drury, App. vol. 3. Laporte Hemipt. p.79. Burmeister Hem.p. 236. 2. Hapitat: Brazil. Head small and black. Antenne setaceous, black, and about half the length of the insect. Thorax black. Scutellum triangular and black, but tipped with white. Hemelytra black, the base white, whereon is an oblong black spot. Abdomen dark red, edged with dark red and black. Rostrum short and curled, not reaching to the fore legs. _ Legs black. PENTATOMA CATENA. Plate XLVI. fig. 1. OrpDER: Hemiptera. SuBoRDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Pentatomide. Genus. Prntatoma, Latreille. Cimex, Fabr. Drury. PENTATOMA CATENA. Albida, pronoti dorso macula magna nigra, linea tenui alba in medio divisa, scutello macula basali, altera subapicali, membranaque elytrorum nigris. (Long. Corp. lin. 7}. Syn. Cimex catena, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Brazil. 65 Head cream-coloured and black. Antennze about half the length of the insect. Thorax flesh- coloured; a large black spot occupying the middle, which is divided by a cream-coloured line. Scutellum shaped like a bell, black, surrounded with cream colour, and divided transversely by a line of the same colour. Hemelytra flesh-coloured, the extremities black. Beneath cream-coloured, with a great many black spots. Rostrum black, extending below the fore legs. Legs cream, streaked with black. EDESSA VIRENS. Plate XLVI. fig. 2. OrpER: Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa, FAMILY: Scutati, Burm. Genus. Epessa, Fabr. Centroproctus, Hahn. Cimex, Drury. EpeEssA VIRENS. Obscure virescens, elytris fuscis margine externo pallido, pronoto lateribus utrinque in spinam longam rectam et acutam productis. (Long. Corp. 10} lin.) Syn. Cimex virens, Drury, App. vol. 3. Edessa ceryus? Fabr. Syst. Rh. 146. 2. HasitTatT: Brazil. Antenne small, about two-thirds the length of the insect. Head, thorax, and scutellum dirty green ; the latter large and triangular. The thorax on each side ends in very acute angles. Hemelytra brown, but were probably green when the insect was living. Beneath dirty green. Rostrum extending beyond the hinder legs. LARGUS LINEOLA. Plate XLVI. fig. 3. ORDER: Hemiptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Lygeide, Leach. Genus. Lareus, Hahn. Euryopthalmus, Laporte. Cimex, Drury. LarGus LINEOLA. Ferrugineo-niger, profunde punctatus, pronoto postice luteo, membrana albido-cinerea fusco venosa limbo fusco. (Long. Corp. 6 lin.) Syn. Cimex Lineola, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 721. No. 52. Cimex punctatus, De Geer Mem. pl. 34. fig. 17. 18. Cimex humilis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hahn. Wanzen. Art. Ins. t. 2. f. 6. (Largus h.) Stoll, tab. 27. Sig. 265. Euryopth. puncticollis, Laporte Hemipt. 38. 4. Lygeus Mutilis, Perty Del. Art. Braz. pl. 34. f. 9. HABITAT: Brazil. Head black. Antennz small and black, and about half the length of the insect. Thorax black in front, orange behind; with many minute black spots, the under part being edged with cream. Scutellum triangular, small and black. Hemelytra black at the base: white at the extremities. Abdomen black, edged with cream both above and beneath. Rostrum black, extending to the hinder legs, all of which are black likewise. PENTATOMA SPECTABILIS. Plate XLVI. fig. 4. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBporDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Pentatomide. Genus. PeEnratoma, Latreille. Cimex, Fabr. Drury. PENTATOMA SPECTABILIS. Capite rufescenti postice nigro, pronoto albido, antice maculisque duabus posticis nigris, scutello et corio albidis fascia lata communi membranaque apicali nigris. (Long. Corp. 7} lin.) Syn. Cimex spectabilis, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Brazil. Head red. Eyes, neck, and antenne black. ‘Thorax cream-coloured, edged in front with black, having two smali black spots on the shoulders, and two larger on the hinder part, which are continued on the front of the scutellum, which is large and triangular; the tip being cream colour, the middle having a broad black band crossing it and the hemelytra, which are cream-coloured at the base, the hinder part being black. Beneath red, with small black spots along the sides. Rostrum long and black, extending below the hinder legs. ‘Thighs red, the tibia and tarsi black. PENTATOMA RUTILANS. Plate XLVI. fig. 5. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBorDER: Heteroptera, SeEcTIoN: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Pentatomide. GeENus. PENTATOMA, Latreille. Cimex, Fabr. Drury. PENTATOMA RuTILANS. Cyanea aut viridi nea, pronoti fascia transversé dantica, scutelli apice elytrorumque basi interné sanguineis, abdomine sanguineo maculis marginalibus pedibusque nigris. (Long Corp. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Edessa rutilans, Fabr. Syst. Rh. 151. 26. - Cimex anchorago, Drury, App. vol. 3. (nee Fabr. Ent. Syst. 4. 86. 25.) HABITAT: Sierra Leone. Head dark blue. Antenne black. Thorax deep shining mazarine blue, the fore part with a scarlet transverse streak. Scutellum triangular, appearing swelled in the fore part, which is of a dark greenish blue, the hinder part being scarlet, and continued along the edges up to the shoulders. Hemelytra dark blueish green. Abdomen scarlet, edged with dark blue spots. Rostrum black, extending to the hinder legs. Beneath deep yellowish flesh-colour, spotted on the sides with blue. Legs black. PENTATOMA REGIA. Plate XLVI. fig. 6. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBoRDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Pentatomide. Genus. Prntatoma, Latreille. Cimex, Fabr. Drury. PEeNTATOMA ReerIA. Lutea; capite, pronoti maculis duabus oblongis, seutelli basi, elytrorum macula centrali membranaque apicali nigris. (Long. Corp. lin 73.) Syn. Cimex regius, Drury, App. vol. 3. Pentatoma catena var. vel sexus alter? Drury, in text. HapBitat: Brazil. 67 The principal difference between this insect and Pent. catena, is two black spots on the flesh- coloured part of the hemelytra; the scutellum not having the black part divided by the cream-coloured line, and the under part of the insect being rather more spotted than that. ASPONGOPUS JANUS. Plate XLVI. fig. 7. ORDER: Hemiptera. SusorpER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FamMiLy: Pentatomide. GENUs. Asponcopus, Lap. Burm. Edessa, Fabr. Cimex, Drury. Asponaorus JANus. Niger, supra ruber; capite, pronoti macula antica, seutelli basi, membranaque nigris. (Long. Corp. 10 lin.) Syn. Cimex Janus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 4.107.105. Syst. Rhyng. 151. 23. (Edessa J.) Stoll Cim. 2. t. 6. f. 41. Wolff. Cim. 1.13. t. 2. f. 13. Burmeister Hemipt. p. 852. 3. (Aspongopus J.) Cimex Afer, Drury, App. vol. 3. HapiTat: Coast of Coromandel (Drury). ‘ In Americe insulis” (Fabr. haud recte). Head and antenne black. ‘Thorax red and margined, having a black triangular spot situated near the head. Base of the scutellum black, the hinder part and sides being red. Hemelytra red, the extremities black. Abdomen red. Rostrum short, extending only to the fore legs. Beneath black, edged with red. Legs black. The specific name, Afer, given to this insect, although having the priority in point of date over that of Fabricius, is so completely inappropriate that I have not hesitated in adopting the latter. PENTATOMA PULCHELLA. Plate XLVI. fig. 8. OrpER: Hemiptera. SuBoRDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Gevcorisa. FAMILY: Pentatomide. Genus. Pentatoma, Latreille. Cimex, Fabr. Drury. PENTATOMA PULCHELLA. Sanguinea, supra ceeruleo nigra, fasciis duabus sanguineis, antica arcuata, antennis pedibusque nigris. (Long. Corp. 10 lin.) Syn. Cimex pulchellus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Stoll, pl. 5. fig. 80. & pl. 21. fig. 142. Cimex concentricus, Klug, Burmeister Hemipt. 365. 5. Haprrat: Bay of Honduras (Drury). Para (Burmeister). Guiana (J. O. W.). Head flesh-coloured. Antenne black. Thorax dark blue, the angulated corners red. Scutellum scarlet, with a dark blue band crossing it near the middle, and two small blue spots adjoining to the thorax. Hemelytra, next the thorax red, below which is a broad dark blue band crossing them, and a narrow scarlet one beneath it; the remainder being dark blue. Rostrum black, extending below the hinder legs. Abdomen scarlet at the base, with two rows of white streaks; the extremity next the anus dark blue. Legs black. SPHASROCORIS ANNULUS. Plate XLVI. fig. 9. OrvER: Hemiptera. SuBorDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Pentatomide. Genus. SpHmRocORIS, Burmeister. Tetyra, Fabr. Cimex, Drury. SpHmRocoris ARGUS. Lutea, guttis 15 pallidis sive rubris nigro-cinetis. (Long. Corp. lin. 4.) Syn. Cimex annulus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 4.82.10. Syst. Rh. 132. 20. (Tetyra A.) Cimex Argus, Drury, App. vol. 3. (nec Fubr. Syst. Rh. 533.) Stoll Cim. pl. 7. fig. 50. Spherocoris Argus, Burmeister Hemipt. 391. No. 2? Scutellera gibbosa, Pal. Beauv. Ins. d’ Afr. et d’ Amer. Hemipt. pl. 5. b. f. 3. HasiTat: Sierra Leone. Head dark cream colour, with two black lines from the front to the hinder part. Thorax dark cream, with two waved bands crossing it from side to side, of a darker colour. Scutellum very large, and entirely covering the abdomen. This part is high and rounded, of the same colour with the rest of the insect, having a number of oval, circular, and other shaped marks thereon. Beneath dark-cream ; breast and fore-part lightest. Rostrum extending below the hinder legs, all of which are of the same dark cream colour with the other parts. There is some confusion as to the specific names of the insects composing the present genus. The Tetyra Argus of Fabricius, with which the species here figured (from Sierra Leone) was considered identical by Drury, is an inhabitant of South America. Dr. Burmeister has also confused it with a species from the Cape of Good Hope. ELATER (TETRALOBUS) FLABELLICORNIS. Plate XLVII. fig. 1. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILy: Elateride. Genus. ELATeR, Linn. $c. (SUBGENUS: Tetralobus, Encycl. Méth.) ELATER (TETRALOBUS) FLABELLICORNIS. Fuscus, antennis 8-laminatis, elytris nitidis levibus. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 6 lin.) Syy. Elater flabellicornis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 651. 1.2? Fabr. Syst. Ent. 1. App. p. 824. 1.2 Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 221.2.? De Jean Catal. Col. 2nd Edit.85. Oliv. Ent. 11.31. p.8. t. 3. fig. 28.2 Herbst. Col. ix. p. 320. t. 127. f. 1.? Elater Gigas, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 221. 1.2 Haprrat: Sierra Leone (Drury, Afzelius, Schonh.). Guinea (De Jean). India (Linn. Fabr. Oliv.). Head rather small, square, surrounded with a small black margin ; palpi very short. Antenne black; those of the male laminated, having eight distinct plates or laminz laying close to each other, which, when closed together, appear to be of equal thickness. General colour dark or dirty brown. Thorax with a black margin, terminating on the sides in two sharp spines. Scutellum small. Elytra smooth and glossy, without any margin, and rounded at the extremities, without spines. Sternum black and small. Beneath of the same colour as the upper side. 69 This figure has been usually cited as the Elater flabellicornis Linn., the habitat of which is said to be India, whereas the real habitat of Drury’s imsect, as confirmed by Afzelius and De Jean, is Sierra Leone and Guinea. This insect was sometimes found by Mr. Smeathman in the evenings, having flown into the houses, to which it was attracted by the lights. ELATER (AGRYPNUS) QUADRI-MACULATUS. Plate XLVII. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Elateride. GeNus. ELATER, Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Agrypnus, Eschscholtz.) ELATER (AGRYPNUS) QUADRI-MACULATUS. Cinereus, thoracis punctis quatuor, elytris fasciis duabus undulatis nigris. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syn. Elater quadri-maculatus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. 11. p. 219.14. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 224.13. Oliv. Ent. 11. 31. p. 20. #.8. f. 79. Herbst. Col. x. p. 105. t. 168. f. 3. Klug Ermann’s Voy. App. p. 31. pl. 15. f. 3. Elater fasciatus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: Coast of Africa (Drury). ‘ In Africa eequinoctiali” (Fabr.). Head grey. Antenne serrated and black; much shorter than the thorax, which is grey, with two small round black spots on the middle, and two square ones next the scutellum, which is black, surrounded by a patch of the same colour. Elytra grey, with two waved irregular bands crossing them. one near the middle, the other near the tips. Beneath black, and, when viewed through a microscope. appearing to be powdered as it were with grey. Legs black. ELATER (CARDIOPHORUS?) PICTUS. Plate XLVII. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Elateride. GENus. ELATER, Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Cardiophorus, Eschsch.?) ELATER (CARDIOPHORUS?) PrcTus. Fulvus, antennis nigris serratis, thorace elytrisque nigro-lineatis et undulatis, his etiam macula utrinque triangulari nigra. (Long. Corp. 9 lin. ) Syn. Elater pictus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Schonh. Syn. Ins. 3. 277. Hasitat: Coast of Africa. Head yellow-brown. Antenne deeply serrated and black, being shorter than the thorax. “Thorax yellow-brown, with several black longitudinal streaks. Scutellum very small and yellow brown. Elytra of the same colour, with several faint black marks thereon, particularly two situated near the middle of a triangular shape, and reaching to the sides; they are a little striated, and terminate in four blunt spines, two to each. Beneath of a greyer colour than on the upper side. Sternum remarkably large. ELATER (SEMIOTUS) LIGNEUS. Plate XLVII. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Elateride. Genus. Eater, Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Semiotus, Eschscholtz.) Pericalus, Ene. Méth. ELATER (SEMIoTUS) LIGNEUS. Ferrugineus, elytris mucronatis vittis duabus lateralibus suturaque obscurioribus, thorace linea media nigra. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Elater ligneus, Linn. Amen. Acad. vi. p. 395. 24. Syst. Nat. 1.11. p. 652. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 224. No. 20. Oliv. Ent. 11. 31. p.17. t. 2. f.15. Herbst. Col. ix. p. 339. 14. t. 158. f. 8. Elater serraticornis, Drury, App. vol. 3. Elater conicus, Voet Col. Ed. Panz. 11. p 110. 9. t. 42. f. 9. Hasitat: Rio Janeiro. Head red brown. Antenne black, shorter than the thorax, which is red-brown, with a dark longitudinal streak running along the middle from the head to the scutellum, the sides terminating in two angular points. Scutellum small and brown. Elytra red-brown, marginated and ending in two spines; they are a little striated, with three longitudinal streaks of a dark brown colour; one in the middle along the suture, the others on each side. Breast and base of the abdomen red-brown colour; hinder part of the latter is darker, having two oval spots of a lightish colour near the anus. ELATER (SEMIOTUS) SUTURALIS. Plate XLVII. fig. 5. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Elateridz. Genus. ELATER, Linn. §c. (SuBGENuUS: Semiotus.) ELATER. (SEMIoTUS) SUTURALIS. Thorace utrinque unidentato ferrugineo, linea dorsali punctisque duobus ; coleoptris testaceis vittis tribus atris. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 5 lin.) Syn. Elater Suturalis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1.11. p. 224.35. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 231. 52. Oliv. Ent. 11. 31. p. 18. t.1.f.3.a.b.e. Herbst. Col. ix. t. 158. f. 5. 6. Elater angulatus, Drury Ins. App. vol. 3. Hapirat: Brazil. Head black, with two thick and short spines. Antenne black, strongly serrated. Thorax orange, with a broad black streak down the middle; two black lozenge-shaped spots are placed near the middle of the thorax, and united to the black streak; close to these are two protuberances, on the sides of the thorax. Scutellum black. Elytra pale orange, the sides and middle having three black stripes running along them, the extremities ending in two sharp spines. Breast orange, with two long black spots on the sides. Abdomen dark cream-coloured, with two black stripes running along the sides from the breast, and joining at the anus. Legs orange. ELATER (CHALCOLEPIDIUS) PORCATUS. Plate XLVII. fig. 6. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Elateride. Genus. ELATER, Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Chalcolepidius, Eschscholtz. ) ELATER (CHALCOLEPIDIUS) Porcatus. Viridi-eneus, elytris suleatis ; sulcis villoso-albis, thoracis marginibus luteis. (Long. Corp, 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Elater poreatus, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p.211.8. Syst. Eleuth. 11. p. 225. 26. Oliv. Ent. 11. 31. p. 14. 10. t.7.f. 74. Herbst. Col. ix. p. 323. t. 157. f. 3. Drury, App. vol. 3. Hasitat: Bay of Honduras. Head dark green. Antenne black. Thorax yellow at the sides; having a broad bar of a green colour running longitudinally from the head to the hinder part, being margined with black. Elytra deeply furrowed with green and yellow lines, the sides having a broad yellow stripe along them, and margined with black, the extremities being round, and not ending in a spine. Breast, abdomen, and legs dark green. Sternum black and large. FLATA——? PUPA ? Plate XLVIII fig. 1. ORDER: Hemiptera. SuBorDER: Homoptera. FamILy. Fulgoride. Genus. Fuata, Fabricius, §c. Aphis, Drury. Fiata—— Pura? Corpore toto albo pulveroso vel lanoso. (Long. Corp. Ins. haud declar. 9 lin.) Syn. Aphis lanosa, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Head appearing united and fixed to the body, and furnished with a horny beak, about one-fourth the length of the whole insect. Antennz of equal thickness, and apparently only two-jointed; one next the head, which is white, another in the middle, the extreme part being black; the length being about a tenth part of the whole insect. Body white, and covered with a very fine cottony substance. Legs white at the base, the remainder black. The insect above is round, beneath flat; a fine soft white substance, like down, intermixed with hairs of different sizes, some being very small, others very coarse, arises from the abdomen. “I am not certain it is a complete insect.”— Drury. This figure represents an insect belonging to the genus Flata (probably Flata nigricornis from South America) in an imperfect state, being most likely a pupa. The species of this genus are ascertained to be similar to this figure in their preparatory states, and especially the Flata nigricornis which is represented by Stoll, both in the winged and apterous condition, as well as by Donovan, in his Insects of China. CHOLUS URBANUS. Plate XLVIIII. fig. 2. OrDER: Coleoptera. Srction: Rhyncophora. FamiLy: Curculionide. SuBrAMILY: Cholides. Genus. CuHoLus, Germar. Rhynchenus, Fabr. Cureulio p. Linn. §e. CHoLUs URBANUS. Fusco-viridis, thorace elytrisque flavo marginatis. (Long. Corp. rostr. inclus. 1 unc. 1} lin.) Syn. Curculio urbanus, Oliv. Enc. Méth. vy. p. 503. Sch. Syn. Ins. Curcul. 3. 571.17. (Cholus u.) Cureulio cinctus, Drury, App. vol. 3. (nec Cholus cinctus, Oliv. Rhynchenus.) Herbst. Col. vi. p. 478. t. 79. fig. 7. HABITAT: Musquito Shore, near Honduras. Head black. Rostrum half the length of the insect. Antenne black, arising near the end of the beak. ‘Thorax dirty green, with a cream-coloured stripe running on each side, which is continued along the sides of the elytra, meeting at the anus. Beneath cream colour. Legs the same, being dirty green above. Every part of the insect appears covered with innumerable small black pustules, like spots, some smaller than others, those on the upper side being largest. Each of the femora is furnished with a single spine. DYNASTES CLAVIGER. Plate XLVIII. fig. 3. ORDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Lamellicornes. FamiIty: Dynastide. Genus. Dynastes, Mac Leay. Geotrupes, Fabry. Scarabeeus, Linn. Latr. DyNASTES CLAVIGER. Rufus, thoracis cornu eleyato apice dilatato; capitis longo, subulato recurvo. (Long. Corp. fere 2 unc.) ; Syn. Scarabzeus claviger, Linn. Mant. 1. p. 529. Fabr. Syst. Ent.1. p.5. No.7. Syst. El. 1. p.6. No. 11. Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 20. No. 18. t. 5. fig. 40. a. b. Jabl. Nat. Syst. 1. p. 239. No. 10. t. 8. f. 1. Pal. Beauv. Ins. d’Afr. et d’ Amer. Col. ix. pl. le. f. 1. HABITAT: Cayenne. Head small, margined, and armed with a long horn which bends upwards. ‘Thorax dark brown and wargined, having a very remarkable erect and black horn issuing from it, which bends forward towards the head, the extremity of which is trifurcate, hollowed beneath, and covered with a brown pile like that of velvet. Elytra brown, the margin and suture being black. Legs black. Thighs brown. Tibi with two spurs. Anterior tibize with three spines placed on the external part. HISTER (OXYSTERNUS) MAXIMUS. Plate XLVIII. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Clavicornes. FAMILY: Histeride. Genus. HisTer, Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Oxysternus, Hrichson.) HIstER (OXYSTERNUS) MAXIMUS. Depressus ater nitidus; elytris striatis, mandibulis exsertis capite longioribus. (Long. Corp. eum mandib. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Hister maximus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 2. 566. 1. Hololepta maxillosa, Park Mon. Hist. 111. 9. t. ix. f. 7. Hister maxillosus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Oxysternus maximus, Erichson in Jahrb. der Ent. 1.100. O. maxillosus, Guérin §& Percheron Genera des Ins. 1. Col. pl. 7.( 92) Fabricius Ent. Syst. vol. 4. Append. p. 437. Schonh. Syn. Ins. 1. p. 98. HABITAT: Cayenne. 73 Black. Head furnished with two horn-like mandibles, being thicker near the head, and terminating in a point; that fixed on the left side of the insect being longest. Thorax broad and margined. Elytra slightly striated. Scutellum not to be seen. Posterior tibie rather long. ‘Tarsi short. PHANAKUS FESTIVUS °. Plate XLVIII. fig. 5. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. FamiLy: Scarabeide. Genus. PHanxus, Mac Leay. Copris p. Fabr. Scarabeeus p. Linn. i PHAN&US Frstivus. Thorace gibbo bicorni, capitis cornu erecto ¢, elytris rubro-eneis; 2 thorace mutico zequali nigro-maculato, eapite mutico. (Long. Corp. 1] une. 15 lin.) Syn. Scarabzeus festivus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1.2. p. 552. 252. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 42. No. 139. Syst. El. 1. 32, No. 10. Oliv. Ent. 1. 8. p. 110, No. 127. t. 3. f. 21. a. b. De Geer Ins. iv. p. 315, t. 37. fig. Si giade gl HapitaT: Cayenne. Head black, broad, rounded in front and margined. Thorax red and margined, having several black patches thereon. Scutellum not distinct. Elytra red and striated, being margined with black. Beneath black and shining. Legs thick and strong. COPRIS FAUNUS. Plate XLVIII. fig. 6. OrpDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Lamellicornes. FAMILY: Scarabeide. Genus. Copris, Geoffroy. Scarabzeus p., Linn. Copris Faunus. Thorace quadricorni, cornubus mediis brevissimis, lateralibus dilatatis, capitis cornu recuryo serrato. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Scarabeeus Faunus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1.p.47. No. 155. Syst. El. 1. p. 38. No. 36. Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. 108. t. 10. f. 87, . 22. f. 87. b. Jabl. Nat. Syst. 11. p. 61. t. 9. f. 3. HABITAT: Cayenne. Entirely black. Head rounded in front and margined; armed with a long horn that inclines towards the body, the inner part of which, near the top, is dentated. Thorax terminating at the corners, next the body, in two projections like horns, extending in an horizontal position, being very obtuse, and wider at the ends than the middle. The central part has two small projections which are bifid, and two dents on the middle of the posterior margin. Scutellum not distinct. Elytra deeply furrowed. Legs thick and strong. Fore and hinder tibize dentated. III L RHIPICERA DRURAI. Plate XLVIIL. fig. 7. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Cebrionide. Genus. Rurpicera, Latr. Kirby. Hispa, Fabr. Drury. Ptilinus, Fabr. Polytomus, Dalman. Ptiocerus, Hoffmansegg. RHIPICERA DruraI. Thorace griseo sericeo; elytris brunneis albo-punctatis scutelloque albido, pedibus supra * fuscis subtus griseis. (Long. Corp. 7} lin.) Syn. Hispa mystacina, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 70.1.2 Syst. Eleuth. 1. p.328.1.? (Ptilinus m.) Herbst. Col. vy. p. 45. t. 46. f. 13.2 Laporte in Ann. Soc. Ent. de France, 1834. p. 235.2 (Rhipicera m.) Haprrart: “ Sierra Leone, Mr. Smeathman, 1776” (Drury’s MSS.). Head small, black, thin, and margined from the part where the antenne are placed; but behind them to the thorax growing suddenly thick and round. Antenne strongly pectinated, each ramification increasing from the base towards the middle, and then gradually decreasing in length; they are about a third part of the insect’s length, and entirely black. Thorax grey, rounded, having a ridge on each side, and seeming covered with a fine pile or down. Scutellum grey and round, appearing like a whiteish spot. Elytra dark red-brown, covered with a multitude of small whiteish spots, furrowed and margined at the sides and suture. Breast and abdomen grey, each ring of the latter having some black spots on it. Legs brown above, grey beneath. _ Thave attached a mark of doubt to all the synonyms quoted above, Ist. on account of the difference of locality between Drury’s Insect, and that described by Fabricius, which is from New Holland. 2ndly. Because Drury’s description does not agree with the true Rh. mystacina: and 3dly. because as there is another spotted species of the genus found in North America, described by Laporte, it is most probable that Drury’s insect is altogether distinct, in which case I have proposed for it the name of Rhipicera Drurei. Mr. Kirby speaks of the New Holland species of this genus as though there were more than one, and he has described one from that country under the name of R. femorata, in the 12th volume of the Linn. Trans. No. 9. in which the thorax, as well as the elytra, is spotted with white, whereas the thorax of Mystacina is described by Fabricius as being “cinereus.” The Rh. mystacina of Laporte entirely agrees with Mr. Kirby’s Rh. femo- rata. ‘The Kh. femorata of Dalman is a totally distinct species from Brazil, and as it is necessary that a new specific name should be given to it, I would suggest that it should be termed Rh. Dalmanni. SAPERDA SPECTABILIS. Plate XLVIII. fig. 8. ORDER: Coleoptera. Srctron: Longicornes. FAamMiLy: Lamiide. GENUS. SAPERDA, Fabr, Cerambyx p., Drury. (SUBGENUS: 2) SAPERDA SPECTABILIS. Nigra, thorace flavo punctis tribus nigris, elytris fasciis duabus flavis, apiece truncato et spinoso. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx spectabilis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Sch, Syn. Ins. 3. 421. (Saperda s.) HaApirat: Bay of Honduras. 75 Head black, with a large yellowish spot between the eyes. Antenne black, and almost the length of the insect, having a row of short hairs running along the under side. Thorax black beneath, lemon- coloured above, with three black spots. Scutellum small, triangular, and black. Elytra black, with two broad straw-coloured bars crossing them, each having a spine at the extremity near the suture. Beneath black, except the middle of the abdominal rings, which is grey. PRONUS (TITANUS) GIGANTEUS. Plate XLIX. fig. 1. OrpDER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILY: Prionide. Genus. Prionus, Geoffroy. Cerambyx p., Linn. (SuBGENus: Titanus, Serv. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1. p. 133. Prionus (TITANUS) GIGANTEUS. Thorace utrinque bidentato, corpore nigro, elytris ferrugineis, antennis breyibus, (Long. Corp. 6 une. 9 lin.) Syn. Cerambyx Giganteus, Linn. Mant. 1. 531. Shaw Nat. Mise. t. 280. Fabr. Syst. El. 2. 261. 17. (Prionus g.) Oliv, Ent. 4. 66. p. 12. ¢. 6. f. 21. HaBiItaT: Cayenne. Head and thorax black; all the rest of the insect dark brown. Jaws broad and thin, the extremities bending inwards towards each other. Antenne thickest at their base, and about half the length of the insect, gradually diminishing in size to the extremities. Thorax smooth and rounded at top, the middle appearing as if polished; the sides rough, like shagreen, and armed with two short and pointed spines, like horns; it is also margined. Scutellum small and bell-shaped. Elytra deeply margined on their sides and suture; faintly ribbed, each having: five placed longitudinally, the surface very rough. Sides of the abdomen covered beneath with a dark brown velvety pile. Legs with short strong tibial spurs. HEILIPUS? SCALARIS. Plate XLIX. fig. 2. OrvDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionide. Genus. HEILIPUS? Germar. HeEILiIPus? ScaLaris. Niger; thoracis lateribus et elytrorum disco irregulariter flavescentibus. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 1} lin.) Syn. Curculio sealaris, Drury, App. vol. 3. Hapitat: Bay of Honduras. Head, eyes, and rostrum black, slender, and nearly half the Jength of the insect ; antennee arising near the end of it. Thorax black, with a yellow streak running along each side from the eyes to the corners of the elytra. Scutellum small, black, triangular. Elytra black, with a yellow zigzag streak running along the sides, all the black part being full of small punctures. Beneath entirely black. CERAMBYX (COSMISOMA) PLUMICORNIS. Plate XLIX. fig. 3. OrveER: Coleoptera. SEcTION: Longicornes. FAMILY : Cerambycide. GENUS. CERAMBYX, Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Cosmisoma, Serv.) CERAMBYX (CosMISOMA) PLUMICORNIS. Fulvus, elytris cruce nigra, pedibus antennisque nigris, his scopiferis. (Long. Corp. 73 lin.) Syn. Leptura plumicornis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Sch. Syn. Ins. 3. 429. (Saperda p.) HasitatT: Musquito Shore, Bay of Honduras. Head dark brown. Antenne longer than the insect, and slender; basal joint thickest; furnished with remarkable tufts of hair, four on each antenna; the smallest is on the first articulation from the head; the next articulation has a pretty large one surrounding entirely the joint of the antenna, and is black. On the next joint is a very small one, standing on the joint in the form of an acute angle, and is also black. At a little distance from this, the largest tuft is situated, which, like the second, entirely surrounds the antenna, part of it next the head being black, the remainder orange colour. ‘Thorax round, without lateral spines, orange-coloured. Elytra orange, with a broad black patch crossing them in the middle, where are two lines in the form of a cross. Legs black, the hind ones very long. Femora thick at the tips. CYPHUS 16-PUNCTATUS. Plate XLIX. fig. 4. ORDER: Coleoptera. SECTION: Rhyncophora. FAMILY: Curculionids. SUBFAMILY: Brachyderides. Genus. Cypuus, Schonherr. Chlorima, Dej. Curculio p., Linn. Cypuus SepEciImM-Puncratus. Ccerulescens, thorace punctis nigris quatuor, coleopteris duodecim. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.) Syn. Curculio sedecim-punctatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 2. 618.92. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 3. 509.10. Oliv. Ent. y. 83. ¢. 2. f.17.a.b. Schonh. Syn. Ins. Curcul. 1. 625. 8. HABITAT: Cayenne. Entirely fine blue-coloured. Antennze somewhat longer than represented in the plate, and black. Thorax with five black spots on it; one in the centre, and two on each side. Elytra having twelve spots of the same colour, the apices terminating in two sharp points. SOLENOPUS CACICUS. Plate XLIX. fig. 5. ORDER: Coleoptera. Section: Rhyncophora. Famrniy: Curculionide. SuBramity: Cholides. GeENus. SoLENoPUS, Schonherr. Odontoderes, Sahlberg. Curculio p., Drury. SoLENopus Cacicus. Ater sulphureo-squamosus, thorace bivittato, lateribus granulatis, elytris punctis magnis oblongo-quadratis et striatis. (Long. Corp. rostr. inclus. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Cureulio morbillosus, Drury, App. vol. 3. Solenopus cacicus, Schonh. Syn. Ins. Curcul. 3. 597. 1. Dionychus granicollis, Germ. Ins. Spec. 315. 454. Haprrat: Cayenne. fa) Head, eyes, and rostrum black, the latter being about the length of the thorax. Antenne arising near the end of the beak. Thorax dirty brown, having a number of very small pustules on it. Scutellum small and triangular. Elytra the same colour with the thorax, with patches of lighter brown on them. They are also margined and furrowed, having a great number of black pustules. Legs black, tibia with two spurs, the outer ones being the thickest. LESTES C/Z2RULEATA. Plate L. fig. 1. ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAmuity : Libellulide. Genus. LeEstEs, Leach. Libellula p., Drury, Donovan. Lrestes C@RULEATA. Ccerulea, thorace pallidé vittato, alis hyalinis fascia lata subapicali ccerulescenti, stigmate nigro. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc. 6 lin. Long. Corp. fere 4 unc.) Syn. Libellula ceruleata, Drury, App. vol. 3. Libellula cerulea, Donovan Nat. Repos. 4. 110. Hasitar: Bay of Honduras (Drury). ‘ Muskito Shore, Mr. Shakespear, 1779” (Drury’s MSS.). Kyes large, projecting from the head. Thorax dark blue. Wings reticulated and transparent, having a broad patch of a deep mazarine blue crossing them near the extremities, the tips being trans- fo) } p t=) I fo) parent. Abdomen three inches and an eighth in length, dark blue. Under side of the head, thorax. &e. grey. LAMPYRIS GIGANTEA. Plate L. fig. 2. ORDER: Coleoptera. SxEcTION: Serricornes. FAMILY: Lampyride. GeENus. LAMmpyRIs, Linn. §c. LaMPyRIS GIGANTEA. Ovyata depressa, thorace semi-circulari fulvo, disco irregulari, elytris fuscis yitta laterali albidaé. (Long. Corp. 1 une. 3 lin.) Syn. Lampyris gigantea, Schonh. Syn. Ins. 3. 66. No. 46. Lampyris splendida, Drury, App. vol. 3. Lampyris Savignii? Kirby Trans. Linn. Sc. v.12. Guérin. Icon. R. An. Ins. pl. 14. fig. 7. HABITAT: Rio Janeiro. Antenne setaceous, with a small spine, like a short hair, at each of the joints. Head withdrawn, and entirely hid by the shield-like thorax. Thorax yellow, margined and semicircular, with a rugged projection in the middle. Scutellum small, yellow, and triangular. Elytra dark red-brown, with a cream-coloured line running longitudinally from the thorax towards the apex, and having a small cream- coloured margin. Breast orange colour. Legs partly orange and black. Abdomen, which is rather thick, black, with a cream-coloured streak crossing it near the anus. BLATTA (PHORASPIS) PICTA. Plate L. fig. 3. ORDER: Orthoptera. SEcTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Blattide. Genus. Buarra, Linn. §c. (SUBGENUS: Phoraspis, Serville.) BuaTraA (PuorAsPis) Prora. Atra; elytris vittaé sanguinea thoracisque margine antico flavescenti. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.) Syn. Blatta picta, Drury, App. vol. 3. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 2. p.10. Serville Revis. Orthop. p. 17. (Phoraspis p.) Lampyris rufo-yittata, Schonh. Syn. Ins. 3. p. 66. No. 47. Hasirat: Rio Janeiro, Brazil. Antenne filiform, orbicular. Head dark brown, and retracted under the shield-like thorax, which is black, the anterior margin being yellowish. Elytra black and margined, semi-coriaceous, and cross- ing over one another, having a red streak from the shoulders to the apex. Abdomen black, having two spines at the extremity near the anus. Legs black and cursorial, the tibia being furnished with many spines. FULGORA DIADEMA. Plate L. fig. 4. ORDER. Hemiptera. SuBORDER: Homoptera. FAmILy: Fulgoride. GENUS. FuLeora, Linn. FuLGorA DIADEMA. Fusca, vertice, pronoti medio, elytrorum fascia luteis; alis purpureis, apice nigris, capitis cornu in medio dentato apice dentibus tribus majoribus. (Long. Corp. cum capitis cornu, 1 une. 9 lin. Expans. Alar. 3 une. 6 lin.) Syn. Fulgora diadema, Linn. Syst. V.1. 2. 708.2. Fabr. Syst. Rh. 2. 3. Stoll, fig. 22. Donovan Nat. Repos. vol. 5. fol. 145. Fulgora armata, Drury, App. vol. 3. HABITAT: Cayenne (Drury). Head extending almost half an inch above the eyes, having many tubercles, like stubbed horns, on the sides, trifurcate at the tip. It is likewise furnished with two short pointed and black horns that are placed directly over the eyes, and two smaller ones a little below them. It appears as if it had four eyes; two fixed, and of a grey colour like horn; just below which the other two (seeming eyes) are placed. They are black and moveable, but are the antennz, and are perfectly round. Hemelytra dirty green at the base, with some dusky red patches irregularly placed; but near the extremity having a large patch of a dark orange colour. The wings are black, but next the body red, with some red spots in the centre of them. Rostrum horny, lying between the legs, even with and close to the breast. Tongue seeming to proceed from the mouth, and much smaller than the other instrument (labium), being as small and fine as a hair. Feet formed for walking. There is a confusion in the works of the earlier authors relative to the native country of this species; Linneus and Fabricius stating it to be India, whilst Stoll records Surinam, Drury, Cayenne, during that it and others figured by him were collected by Mons. Mallouet, 79 who sent them to Europe, but in their passage they were taken by the Shaftesbury privateer, and afterwards sold by public auction, where he purchased them. Donovan states that two specimens he possessed were taken in Brazil; and Dr. Burmeister still more satisfactorily says, ‘‘Gleichfalls aus Sud- Amerika findet sich besonders haufig auf den Cautschuck-Baumen (Siphonia elastica).” NOTES SELECTED FROM THE MANUSCRIPT CATALOGUES OF MR. DRURY, RELATIVE TO SPECIES OF DISPUTED LOCALITY Contained in Vol. 1 and 2 of these Illustrations. (The Notes relating to the Species of the third Volume are incorporated in the text. GENUS. SPECIES. LOCALITY. FROM WHOM RECEIVED. DATE, ILLUSTRATIONS. Searabzeus Gideon yar. . : : . Africa . 9 : - Mr, Smeathman 1775 ~—-Vol. 1. plate 36, fig. 1. — Didymus . ¢ : 5 - St. Vineent’s . ; . Mr. Kearton . 1773 —-Vol. 1. plate 32, fig. 3. tetradactylus : . - Brazil . 5 . . Mr. Bonifas : 1774 ‘Vol. 1. plate 87, fig. 7. — cordatus Swederus, Cet. olivacea Sierra Leone . : . Mr. Smeathman 1773 —-Vol. 2. plate 32, fig. 5. ———- suleatus . A A 5 - Georgia . , : . Mr. Abbot 5 1785 Vol. 1. plate 35, fig. 1. Cerambyx cinnamomeus — . . : - Jamaica . 7 9 - Mr. Keuchan . 1775 ~=Vol. 1. plate 40, fig. 2. (5 Caught in a Timber-yard — notatus . in Bunhill Row; sup- p Mr. Haller 2 1768 Vol. 2. plate 35, fig. 2. t posed to be bred in fir*® 5 ————- araneiformis . . : - Jamaica . ¢ : . Mr. Felton : 1765 Vol. 2. plate 35, fig. 4. — atomarius . : . : - Georgia . - ° - Mr. Abbot . 1785 Vol. 1. plate 41, fig. 6. § Bay of nthe aon | ——_-—— longipes 5 live in the mahogany p By the Acton . 1771 ‘Vol. 1. plate 87, fiz. 4. e trees . ° . . — irroratus . : . 5 - Jamaica . 5 2 . Mr. Dupont : 1765 ‘Vol. 1. plate 41, fig. 3. Papilio Dione. C z . c - Batavia . : 5 - General Rengers 1776 ~—- Vol. 2. plate 8, fig. 3, 4. Licus 6 , : é ¢ - Madrast . . . - Mr. Skeene 0 1772 ~=Vol. 1. plate 16, fig. 1. —— Arethusa . : 2 . - Madras . . . - Mr. Skeene : 1772 ~—- Vol. 2. plate 19, fig. 5,6. —— Bolina . . : : 5 . Sierra Leone . : - Mr. Smeathman 1775 ~—-Vol. 1. plate 14, fig. 1, 2. — Philantha ; 0 : c . Sierra Leone . 3 - Mr. Smeathman 1776 ~=—~-Vol. 1. plate 21, fig. 1, 2. —— Iphicla . Q 0) : 5 - Jamaica . : 6 + Mr. Keuchan . 1772 ~=Vol. 1. plate 14, fig. 3, 4. —— Laure. ; : 0 : - Jamaica . 5 : . Dr. Fothergill . 1777. ~—s«*Voil. 2. plate 17, fig. 5, 6. —— Leda : : 5 ° c - Madras . : : . Mr. Skeene 9 1772 ~+=Vol. 1. plate 15, fig. 5, 6. — Pan : ¢ r ¢ . . New York 5 : - Mr. James 5 1766 Vol. 2. plate 23, fig. 3, 4. —— Isis : c 0 5 . Sierra Leone . . . Mr. Smeathman 1775 ~—-Vol. 2. plate 3, fig. 4, 5. —— Acis C : 6 , : . New York ¢ . - Mr. James 0 1766 Vol. 1. plate 1, fig. 2. Phyleus . 3 D ; : . Madras . c . . Mr. Skeene : 1772 ~=«*Voil. 1. plate 13, fig. 4, 5. Phalena Chera - - G . 6 - Madras . : - . Mr. Skeene . 1772 Vol. 2. plate 20, fig. 4. Egle . 0 5 : : - Antigua . C : . Mr. Archer - Vol. 2. plate 20, fig. 3. Myrtxa ‘i ‘ 3 . - RioJaneiro . . - Mr. Bonifas : 1776 ~—-Vol. 2. plate 2, fig. 3. Cimex inearnatus 0 z . . - Madras . a ° - Mr. Skeene : 1773 ~—~*Vol. 2. plate 3, fig. 5. Libellula Lucretia 2 : 0 . - Muskito Shore . . . My. Shakespear 1779 ~~‘ Vol. 2. plate 48, fig. 1. Formica barbara? 5 0 0 : . Island of Johanna . . Mr. Richardson 1772 ~=Vol. 2. plate 38, fig. 3. Sphex ceruleata . ’ : : . Boston, New England . Mr.4J. Harris . 1768 Vol. 2. plate 39, fig. 4. maculata : : . - . Coromandel Coast} . . General Rengers 1770 ——-Vol. 2. plate 40, fig. 3. plumipes . 3 . : ; . Jamaica . ¢ é - Mr. Dupont . 1760 ~=Vol. 1. plate 44, fig. 4, 5. * Thus confirming my observations on this insect in vol. 1. p.68. (J. O. W.) + Drury however received many insects from Brazil as well as Madras by Mr. Skeene. t “ Banks of the Morea, up the Mediterranean,” in the text, Edit. 1. GENERAL ALPHABETICAL INDEX. Obs.— The names to which an * Acheta membranacea, vol. 2. pl. 43. f. 2. p. 91. pl. 48. f. 1. p. 90. Acrea Cameena, vol. 2. pl. 7. f. 2. p. 15. Circeis, vol. 3. pl. 18. f. 5, 6. p. 26. Cynthia, vol. 3. pl. 37. f. 5, 6. p. 51. Dice, vol. 3. pl. 18. f. 3,4. p. 25. Ethosea, vol. 3. pl. 37. f. 3,4. p.50. Gea, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. cogs p. 38. Horta, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. 1, fie ate Hypatia, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. 1 Menippe, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. 3 ——— Umbra, vol. 3. pl. 18. f. q, Actias Luna, vol. 1. pl. 24. f. 1. p. AB. Egeria? plumipes, vol. 3. pl. 2. f. 3. p. 3. tibialis, vol. 2. ap 28. f. 2. p. 52. Egocera pee bilig’ vol. 2 £shna Junia, vol. 1. pl. 47. fds. p> 116: Aglaope plumipes, vol. 2. pl. 27. f. 3. p. 51. Agrion Caia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 2. p. 92. Titia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 5. Be 94. virginica, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. Alcis scolopacea, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 1s p- 40. Anthocaris Arethusa, vol. Qa pli l9.0£55;/6. p- 37. Aphana lanata, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 3. p. 75. * Aphis lanosa, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 1. *Apis annularis, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 7. a cornuta, vol. 2. pl. 48. f. 3. = grossa, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 3. *——~ latipes, vol. 2. pl. 48. f. 2 surinamensis, yol. 1. pl. 43. f. 4. Virginica, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 1. Arctia menea, vol. 3. pl. 3. f.3. p. 4. Areoda lanigera, vol. 1. pl. 34. f. 6. p. 70. Arilus serratus, vol. 3. pl. 36. f. 6. p. 73. Argynnis Erymanthis, vol. 1. pl. 15. f.3, 4. p- 28. Idalia, vol. 1. pl. 13. f.1, 2, 3. p- 24. — Niphe, vol. 1. pl. 6. f. 1. p. 12. ——— Phalanta, vol. 1. pl. 21. f.1, 2 p. 38. — Tephnia, vol. 1. pl. 6. f. 2. p. 13. Aspongopus Janus, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 7. p. 67. Atta fervens, vol. 3. pl. 42. f. 3. p. 57. *Attelabus longicollis, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 4, 6. 122. Baridius? ovalis, vol. 2. pl. 33. f. 1, 2. p.64. Bacteria linearis, vol. 1. pl. 50. f. 3. p — (Schizodactyla) monstrosa, yol. 2. 2. pl. 13. f. 3. p. 25. 2. p. 118. introduced for convenience of reference. are attached are those employed in the first edition of this work, and which are here | Biblis Ariadne? vol. 3. pl. 11. f.3, 4. p. 14. —— Hiarbas, vol. 3. pl. 14. f. 1 p- 18. —— llithyia, vol. 2. pl. Wieetenl 2. Ds 32. —— undularis, vol. 2. pl. 10. f. ite 2, p. 18. Blatta (Polyphaga) Agyptiaca? va 2. pl. 36. f. 3. p. 71. (Blaberus) gigantea? vol. 2. pl. 3 Px2ope ke nivea, vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 1. p. 70. (Phoraspis) picta, vol. 3. pl. 50. f.3. p- 78. Bombylius plumipes, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 3. p. 83. Botys (Desmia) sericea, vol. 2. pl. G. f. 1. p- 11. Brachycerus globosus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. 4. p. 64. te Qe Pls G4 fends p- 66. Brenthus minutus, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 3, 7. p. 90. Bupalus catenarius, vol. 1. pl. 8. f. 3. p. 16. Buprestis (Chalcophora) Virginiensis, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 3. Celioxys? annularis, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 7. p: 77. Calandra serrirostris, 9 ? vol. 2. pl. 33. f. 3. p. G4. Callimorpha Coenea, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 3. p. 29. ——? Cafra, vol. 3. pl. 5. f. 1: p. 6: — ? Diaphana, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 4. p- 31. —— Epimenis, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 2. p- 40. ? Eucharis, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 6. p- 32. ? Famula, vol. 2. pl. 11. f. 3. p. 22. —— ? Glaucopis, vol. 2. pl. 6. f. 4. p- 14. —— ? Helcita, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 4. p: 41. —— ? marginata, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 2. p- 40. ——_——— ? Mopsa, vol. 3. pl. 3. z 4. p. 4. ? Nerina, vol. 3. pl. 5. f. 2. p- 6. 2 Phileta, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 5 p- 32. 6. kek ee ee A OK K Callimorpha Phyllira, vol. 1. pl. 7. f. 2. p- 1d. ae ? Pylotis, vol. 2. pl. 5. f. 3. p- ll. ——? sanguiflua, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 1, 2. p. 37. ? Venosa, vol. }. pl. 23. f. 4 p. 43. : *Carabus bicolor, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 2. Casnonia longicollis, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 4, 6. p- 90. Castnia Liecus, vol. 1. pl. 16. f. 1, 2. p Thais, vol. 3. pl. 16. f. 4. p. 22. Catocala affinis, vol. ]. pl. 23. f. 6. p. 44. Epione, vol. 1. pl. 23. f. 2. p. 43 Centris grossa, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 3. p. 102. 29. Surinamensis, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 4. p. 92. Cerambyx (Callichroma) afer, vol. 1. pl. 39. f. 4. p. 84. (Rosalia) alpina, f.5. p. G1. araneiformis, vol. 2. pl. 35. f4. atomarius, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 6. ———— bipunctatus, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 2 ———— Capensis, vol. 1. a 39. f. 3. Carcharias, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 5. ‘__—— Cerdo, vol. 1. pl. 39. f. 1. —— cinctus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 6. cinnamomeus, vol 1. pl. 40. crenulatus, vol. 1. pl. 38. f. -———— damicornis, vol. 1. pl. 88. f. farinosus, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 4. festivus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 5. Gigauteus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 1. —— (Hamaticherus) Heros, vol. 1. pl. 39. f. 1. p. 83. MY —— irroratus, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 3. *—_-—— Jaticollis, vol. 1. pl. 37. f.2. vol. 2. pl. 31. r + | mw lo xe * bs longipes, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 4. *+__ maculatus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 3. + maxillosus, vol. 1. pl. 38. f. 3. *—_____ mirabilis, el 2. pl. 31. f. 4 — po, vol. 2. pl. 35. f. 3. pl. 49. f. 3. p: 76. na -- pulcher, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. 6. *__. pustulatus, vol. 2. pl. 35. f. 1. -. spectabilis, vol. 2. pl. 48. f. 8. +__ spinicornis, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 4. *Cerambxy spinosus, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 3. - succinctus, yol. 1. pl. 39. f. 2. *————. trilineatus, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 1. *—__ unicolor, vol. 1. pl. 37. f.1. * 40. f.1. p. 85. Ceratocampa imperialis, vol. 1. pl. 9. f. 1,2. 17 p- 17. Cerbus falx, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 2. p. 62. ——? flaveolus, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 3. p. 58. sanctus, vol. 3. pl. 45. f.5. p. 63. umbrosus, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 7. p. 64. Cethosia Biblis, vol. 1. pl. 4. f. 2. p. 9. Cyane, vol. 1. pl. 4. f. 1. p. 8. Cetonia(Gnathocera) africana, vol. 2 f.4. p. 57 ——— aurata, var. vol. 1. pl.33. f.1. p. 66. | ——— capensis, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 3. p. 67. ——— cordata, vol. 2. pl. 32. f. 5. p. 63. ——— fascicularis, vol. 1. pl. 33.f. 2. p. 66. ——— fastuosa, vol. 1. Br 33. f. 4. p. 67. ——— marginata, vol. 2 — torquata, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 1. p. 60. Chasmodia ? virens, vol. 2. pl. 30. f.3. p.57. pl. 46. f. 3. Chauliodes virginiensis, vol. 1. p- 108. Chlorion ferox, vol. 3. pl. 42. f. 2. p. 56. Cholus urbanus, vol. 3. ie 48. f. 2. p. 72. *Cicada catenata, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 2. *———. lanata, vol. 2 pl. eitsios oS b * sanguinea, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 5. — Stridula, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 2. p. 75. *Cimex afer, vol. 3. pl. 46. £7. — ‘Anchorago, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 5. ——— Argus, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 9. ——— balteatus, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 3. barbicornis, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 1. carinatus, vol. 2 - pl. 36. f. 6. catena, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 1. conspicillatis, ou 3. pl. 45. f. 8. corticatns, vol. 2. pl. 40. f. a ———. Druraiy, vol. 1. ay 42. f. 1, ——— falx, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 2. ——— flav eolus, vol. : pl. 43. f. 3. flavicollis, vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 4. ——-— humilis, vol. 3. pl. 46. £.5. ——— inearnatus, vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 5. ——— latipes, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 3. ——-— longirostris, voi. 3. pl. 43. f. 5. —— papillosus, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 2. ——— fictus, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 1. ——— pulchellus, vol. 3. pl. 46. variegatus, vol. 1, pl. 4 ——— variegatus, vol. 2. bee — pureis, vol. 3. pl. 45. ———,regius, vol. 3. pl. 46. ——— rostratus, vol. 3. pl. 4 sanctus, vol 3. pl. 45 scapha, vol. 3. pl. 43. spectabilis, vol. 3. pl. umbrosus, vol. 3. pl. 45. ‘f. validus, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 6. virens, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 2. Clytus longipes, vol. 1. pl. 37. f.4. p. 79. —— pictus, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 2. p. 87. Colias (Callidryas) Pyranthe, var. vol. 1. pl. 12. f. 3, 4. p. 24. Copris Carolina, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 2. p. 72. Faunus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 6. ae 73. minutus, vol. 1. pl.35. f. 6. p. 73. ——— Molossus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f.2 2, p- 64, — Suleatus, vol. 1. pl. 35, f. 1. p. 71. Coprobins levis, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 73. — triangularis, p. 77. # xe e eRe K 4 # * hk x oe * x me He ow RBars cs i) xe k®¥ eK He H —— verrucosus, vol. 1. pl. 40. f. 3. —-——— (Callichroma) virens, vol. 1. pl. . pl. 30. - pl. 32. f. 1. p. 61. —— maculata, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 1. p. 74. vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 7. 82 Cordulegaster Sabina, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 4. p- 119. Cossus Laocoon, vol 3. pl. 3. f.1. p. 3 1 2 *Curculio aurifer, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. * — cinctus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 2. globosus, vol. 1. us 32. f. 4. ——— imperialis, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 1 minutus, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 3,7. longipes, vol. 2. pl. 33. f.3. morbillosus, vol. 8 3. pl. 49. £.5 - muricatus, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 4. ——— niger, vol. 2, pl. 34. f. on ovalis, vol. 2. De 33. f. 1, — ornatus, vol. 2 27ipl: 34. f. 5 *———__ rpufescens, vol. 2 2. pl. 33. f. 4. —- scalaris, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 2. * ee HK KK AE KH HK KR He -—- similis, vol. 2. pl. 33. f. 5. —-~ verrucosus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. 5. Cyclocephala signata, vol. Deeds Cynthia Huntera, vol. 1. pl. 5. f.1. p. 10. ——— Laomedia, vol. 1. pl. 5. f. 3. p. 12. Cyphus 16-punctatus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 1. p- 76. Deilephila Alecto, vol. 2. pl. 27. f. 4. p. 51. Chiron, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 3. p.51. Clotho, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 1. p. 52. Euphorbize, vol 1. pl. 29. f. 3 p- 58. tersa, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 3. p. 56. Deiopeia astrea, vol.2. pl. 6. f. 3. bella, vol. 1. pl. 24. f. 3. p. 46. ornatrix, vol. 1. pl. ? puella, vol. 2. pl. 2. Diactor latipes, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. p- - 62 Diaprepes Spengleri, vol. 1. pl. "32. Peele p- 63. Diaspidius seapha, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 4. p. 59. Dryocampa Virginiensis, vol. 2. pl. 13. £2 p. 24. Dynastes geon, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 5. f. 58. —- Antzeus, =o 1. pl. 34. f. 3, 4. p- 26. Centaurus, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 1. p- 70. — Claviger, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 3. p. 72. = Geryon, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 6. p. 58. Gideon, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 5. Pe 76. —— Hercules, vol. 1. pl. 30. f. 1, 2. p. 59. Satyrus, vol. I. pl. 34. f. 1, 2. p. 69. — Titanus, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 3, 4, p. 76. Echinomyia hirta, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 4. — pilosa, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 7. Ectrichodia barbicornis, vol. 3. pl. 4 p- 61. Edessa virens, vol. 3. pl. 46.f. 2. p. 65. *Elater angulatus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 5. — auratus, vol. 2. pl. 35. f. 3. p. 69. * fasciatus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 2 pl. 47 f. 1. p. 68. ——— (Semiotus) ligneus, f. 4. p. 70. ——— (Chaleolepidius) poreatus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 6. p. 71. ——— (Cardiophorus) pictus, vol. 3. pl. 47. £.3.p 69. ——— (Agrypnus) 4-maculatus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 2. p. 69. —— serraticornis, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 4. — (Semiotus) suturalis, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 5. p. 70. * ———- 16-punctatus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 4. 1. pl. 36. f. 6. Nessus, vol. 2. pl. 27. f. 1. p. 50. 24. f. 2. p- 46. 3. p. 102. p- 104. 5. f. 1 — (Tetralobus) flabellicornis, vol. 3. vol. 3. pl. 47. Empusa Gongylodes, vol. 1. p. 122. —- pennicornis, vol. 1. pl. 50. f. 1. p. 121. Endromis Rhodope, vol. 2. pl. 22. f.3.p. 31. Entimus imperialis, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 1. p. 65. Erebus crepuscularis ? vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 1, 2. p- 37. Edusa, vol. 2. ne 24. f.4. p. 46. ——— fluctuosus, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. ue p- 26. —— Hercyna, vol. 2 pl: 24.f.1,2 p.44. ——-— hieroglyphicus, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. is p- 3. ——— odora, vol. 1. pl. 3. f. 1. p. 6. -——-—? opigena, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 4. p. 41. Zenobia, vol. 3. pl. 89. p. 53. Eristalis cinctus, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 6. p. 108. pl. 50. f. 2. Erycina Ampyx, vol. 3. pl. 9. f. 2, 3. p. 12. — Baucis, vol. 3. pl. 12. f. 3, 4. p. 15. —— Jarbas, vol. 3. pl. 8. f. 2. p. 10. ——— Lysippus, vol. 1. pl. 2. f. 2. p. 4. Menetas, vol. 3. pl. 8. f. 3. p.11. Eumenes abdominalis, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 2. p- 102. Euptilon ornatum, vol. 105. Flata ? pupa, vol. 3, pl. 48. f. 1. p.71. *Formica barbara, vol. 2. i 38. f. 3. 1. pl. 46. f. 2 3 bihamata, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 7, 8. p- 82. *—______ fervens, vol. 3. gio 42. f. 3. — rubripes, vol. 2. pl 38. f. 3. p.7 * armata, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 4. Fulgora Diadema, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 4. p. 78. Galerita Americana, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. p. 89. Gastropacha? Otus, vol. 1. pl. 16. f. 3. p. 30, wow Geometra argentata, vol. 2 . pl. 14. f. 2. p 27. — (Peecclophasia) fulvata, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 4. p. 29. (Angerona) serrata, vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 4. p. 38. transversata, vol. 1. pl. 8. f. 2. p. 16. Glaucopis? astreas, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 4. Ye Hi -—————_ coarctata, vol. 2. pl. 27. f. 2. p- 50. fenestrata, vol. f. pl. 25. f. 3. p. 49. ————? Phaleenoides, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 6. p- 54. — Pholus, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 3. p, 53. ————— Polymena, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 1. p- 50. ——_——? pulchra, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 3. p. 56. Gnophria? collaris, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 2 28. Goliathus Drurii, vol. 3. pl. 40. p. 54. Giganteus, vol. 1. pl. 31. f. 1. p. 61. micans, vol. 2. pl. 32. f.3. p. 62. *Gryllus Americanus, vol. 1. We 49. f. 2. Ra — Aer. Braziliensis, vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 1. *—____ Locust. coeruleus, vol. 2. pl. 42. f.1. * Loe. centurio, vol. 2. pl. 41. f. 3. *——— Loc. Dux. vol. 2. pl. 44. * — Ach. membranaceus, vol. 2. pl. 43. f. 2. *—__ Loe. Miles, vol. 2. pl. 42. uae *—_— Ach. Monstrosus, vol. Saf 43. re ils ——— (Phyllopterus) myrtifolius, vol. 2 pl. 41. f. 2. p. 88. Locust. obseura, vol. 2. ——— Loe. punctatus, vol. 2. pl. 41. f. 1. pl. 41. f. 4. * *Gryllus squarrosus, vol. 1. pl. 49. f. 1. —(Gryllacris) tesselatus, vol. 2. pl. 42. f. 3. p. 90. Gymnetis Lanius, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 8. p. 68. nitida & Var. vol. 1. pl. 33. f.5, 6. p- 67. 83 Leptoscelis balteatus, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 3. p. 92. —— pictus, vol. 1. LOL. | *Leptura picta, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 2 | * Heetera Philoctetes, vol. 2. pl. 1. f. 1, 2, 3. | | ip. ts Hammatocerus conspicillaris, vol. 3. pl. 45 f. 8. p. 64. purcis, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 4. p. 63. Heilipus? scalaris, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 2. p. 75. Heliconia papilionaris, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. 4, p- 4. diaphana, vol. 2. pl. 7. f. 3. p. 165. | — Gazoria, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. 5, 6. p. ive Irene, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 1. p. 41. Sappho, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 4. Pi ‘Dos *Hemerobius ornatus, vol. 1. pl. 46. = — Virginiensis, vol. 1. Ph 4 £3. Hepialus crassus, vol. 3. pl 2. £. 1. p. 2. Hesperia Arcas, vol. 1. Nee 19. f. BS b p- 36. —— Helops, vol. 3 45. - pl. 33. f. 2, 3. p. —— Ophion, vol. 3. pl. 17. 23 f. 8, 4. p. 23. Hipparchia Andromeda, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 3. p- 52. ———— Cluena, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 5, 6. p.9. Eumea, vol. 1. pl. 2. f. 3. p: 0. ————— Leda, yol. 1. pl. 15. f. 5, 6. p. 28. ——— Nereis, vol. 3. pl. 35. f. 2, 3. p- 47. Hipporhinus ? muricatus, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 4. p- 67. ——— Verrucosus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. 5. p- 65. *Hispa Mystacina, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 7. *Hister Maxillosus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 4. — Caieemne) maximus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f.4. p. Hoplia ccer ae vol. 2. pl 32. f. 4. p. 63. Hydrocampa ? nivalis, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 4. p- 28. *Ichneumon Macrurus, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 5. Polyturator, vol. 2. pl.40. f. 4. Idea Lynewa, vol. 2. pl. 7. f. 1. p. 14. *Julus virginiensis, vol. 1. pl 43. f. 8. Lamia (Acanthoderes) araneiformis, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 4. p. G9. (Agaphantia) bipunctata, vol. 2 31. £2. p. 59. (Polyrhaphis) cancriformis, vol. 2 pl. 35. f. 1. p. 68. Capensis, vol. 1. pl. 39. f.3. p. 84. (Monochamus) dentator ? vol. 2 pl. 35. f.2. p. 68. pl. (Sternotomis) mirabilis, vol. 2. pl. 31.2.0. p.59. (Sternotomis) pulchra, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. 6. p. 65. punctator, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 4. p. 60. (Acanthocinus) spinosa, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 3. p. 60. verrucosa, vol. 1. pl. 40. f. 3. p. 86. Lampyris Gigantea, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 2. p. 77. = Splendida, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 2 Largus Lineola, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 3. p. 65. Lepisma collaris, vol, 2. pl. 37. f..5. p. 76. sacharia, vol 2. pl. 37. f. 5. —— Iphis, vol. 2. pl. 15. f. 3, 4. p. 30. f. 1, 2. p. —(Eudamus) Orion, vol. 3. pl. 17. - plumicornis, vol. 3. pl. “9. f. 3. Lestes ceeruleata, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 1. p. 77. Lucretia, vol 2, plate lps *Libellula Arria, vol. 2. a 46. f. 1. — Axilena, vol. — Berenice, vol, 1. pl. 48. f. 3. p. 118. *—_-— Caia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 2. ———— Carolina, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 1. p. 117. * — cceruleata, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 1. ——— Domitia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 4. p. 93. _ Eponina, vol? 2. pl. 47.f. 2. p96. —— Fulvia, vol. ‘ 2, pl. 46. f. 2. p. 98. - — Junia, "vol. 1. ap 47. f. 5. Lucia, vol. 2. Be 45. f. 1. D. 92. *—_____- Lucretia, vob 2. pl. 48. f. 1 *_____ Lydia, vol. 2. pl. AVata lls Lydia, vol. 1. es 47. f. 4. p. 116. ———— Marcia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 3. p. 93. Paulina, vol. 2 2. pl. 46. f. 4. p. 95. ——-— Portia, vol. 2. pl. 47. f. 3. p. 96. — Pulchella, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 5. p 119. ss - Sabina, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 4. —— Servilia, vol.1. pl. 47. f.6. p. 117. Sophronia, vol. 2. pl. 47. f. 4. Den97- *—______ Titia, vol. * nn 45. £.5. —— Tullia, vol. 2. pl. 46. f. 3. p. 95. —_— variegata, vol. 2. pl. 46. f. 1. p. 94. * virgo, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 2. Limacodes? Arenacea, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 1. p. 32. Liparis? rivulosa, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 5. p. 28. Lithosia? Ino, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 3. p. 40. Locusta ccerulea, vol. 2. pl. 42. f. 1. p. 89. 41. f. 3. p. 88. p92. Fe apres —~— obscura, vol. 2. pl. 41. f. 1. DP et ——— (Phymatea) punetata, vol. 41. f. 4. p. 89. 49. f. 1. p.119. — Tartarica, vol. 1. pl. 49. f. 2. p- 68. Macroglossa Passalus, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 2 p- 50. zonata, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 5. p. Mautis cingulata, vol. 2. pl. 49. f. 2. p. « Gigas, vol. 2. pl. 50. Gongylodes, vol. 1. pl. 50. 2. Jamaicensis, vol. 2. pl. 49. f. 1. linearis, vol. 1. pl. 50. f. 3. minuta, vol. 2. pl.39. f. 5. ‘99. * ke * f. 1. p. 57. ———- (Thespis) parva, vol. p- 84. M4 pectinata, vol.1. pl. 50. f. 1. Melitwa Cytheris, vol. 2. pl. 4. f. 3, 4. p. 9. - Pelops, vol. 19. f. 34. p- 36. 39. pl. 45. f. 1. p. 2: pl..47..f. I.p.96. (Rutidoderes ) Centurio, vol. 2. pl. — (Rutidoderes) Dux, vol. 2. pl. 44. (Rutidoderes) Miles, vol. 2. pl. 42. 2. pl. Rutidoderes) Squarrosa, vol. 1. pl. 1 ? Pp p: 121. Macraspis fucata, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 4. p. G1. tetradactyla, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 7. 52. —- (Harpax) ocellaria, vol. 3. pl. 43. 2..pl. 39. f. 5. - Phaeton, vol. 1. pl. 21. f. 3, 4. p- - Tharos, vol. 1. pl. 21. f.5, 6. p. 39. Melolontha occidentalis, vol. 2. p- 62. Milesia Virginiensis, vol. 2. Pp: 77. Morpho Laertes, vol. 3. pl. 15. f. 1. p. 19. *Musca cincta, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 6. pl. 82, f. 2. pl. By ae elit *_-—— clavata, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 1. *_-— hirta, vol 1. pl. 45. f. 4. *$__-_ pilosa, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 7. * — Virginiensis, vol. 2. pl, 37. f. 6. Mydas clavatus, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 1. p.97. Myrmeleon Americanum, yol. 1.pl. 46. f. 6. p- 106, * —_______ Libelluloides, var. vol. 3. pl. 41. —— Libelluloides, vol. 1. pl. 46. 7. 1. p. 104. torridum, vol. 3. pl. 41. p. 55. Nemeophila figurata, vol. 2. pl. 12. f. 4. p- 23. Noctua anilis, vol. 7. pl. 12. f. 3. p. 23. chera, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 4. p. 38. ——- guttata, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 1. p. 30. —? Hesione, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 2. p. 30. (Calyptra) Ingubris, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 5. p.29. lunata, vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 3. p. 37. (Acontia) margaritata, vol. 3. pl. 21. 6. p. 80. Melicerta, vol. 1. pl. 23. f.1. p. 42, myrtza, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. 3. p.3. Numeria, vol. 1, pl. 23. f. 5. p. 44. (Acontia?) nundina, vol. 1. pl. 18. f, 5. p. 35. ——— Pales, vol. 1. pl. 23. f. 3. Ay 43. ? speciosa, vol. 2. pl. 5. f. 2. p. 10. _ squamularis, vol. 1. pl. 9. f 3. p. 18. tristris, vol. 3, pl. 21. f. 1. p. 28. undula aris, vol. 1. pl 9s f4. pe 19: Nymphalis Afer, vol. 3. pl. 36. f. 1,2. p. 48. Alpheea, yol. 3. pl. 3 8 3, 4. p- 48. ae — Althea, vol. 3. pl. 20. f. 1, 2 p- 27. (Charaxes) Anticlea, vol. 3. pl. 27. f. 5, 6. p. 37. Antiochus, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 3, 4. p: 9. Arethusa, vol. 3. pl. 8. f.1, 4. p- 10. ————— (Limenitis) Arthemis, pl. 10. f. 3, 4. p. 19. -_—_— — agsimilis, vol. 1. pl. 17. f. 3, 4. p. 31. vol. 2. —_—_— (Charaxes) Berenice, vol. 3. pl. TSfaUS 2.sp. 13. — Bolina, vol. 1. pl. 14. f. 1, 2. p- 26. Cadma, vol. 2. pl. 18. f. 1, 2. p- 34. — Cenis, vol. 2. pl. 19. f. 1, 2. p. 36. Camillus, vol. 3. pl. 6. f. 4. p. 8. -—_—_—— Decius, vol. 3. pl. 6. f. 1, 2 p- 7. ———— Doriclea, vol. 5. pl. 86. f. 5, 6. p. 49. ——— Eleus, vol. 3. pl. 12. f. 1, 2. p- 15. — Erithonius, vol. 2. pl. 15, f. 1, 2. B- 29. (Charaxes) Etesipe, vol. 3. pl. 10. p. 13. — (Charaxes) Eudoxus, vol. 3. pl. 32. f. 1, 4. p. 44. ————— Eupale, vol. 3. pl. 6. £.3. p- us —_—_——— Feronia, vol. 1. pl. 10. f. 1, p- 19. Nymphal Hippona, vol. 3. pl. 16. f. 1, 2. | p. p- 38. ———_-— (Catagramma) Hydaspes, vol. 3. pl. 15. f. 2, 3. p. 20. — Jacintha, vol. p- 39. aN ais mvOlsosnplenl 71 f- p- 24. fil. p.1 ———— lole, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 2. p. 52. ————— Isis, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 1, 2. p.8. ————— Iphicla, vol. 1. pl. 14. f. 3, 4. p- 27. = — Laodice, vol. 3. pl. 26. f. 1, 2. p. 35. — — Laure, vol. 2. pl. 18. f. 5, 6. p- 33. = — Meleagris, vol.3. pl. 27. f. 3,4. p. 36. —— — Melicerta, vol. 2. pl. 19. f. 8, 4. p- 36. ODS VO 2 Dll GatapiGapaole ———.— Opis, vol. 2, pl.17. £.5, 6. p.35. = OER NG BE GIG TRICE pee Nyctalemon Patroclus, vol. 1. pl. 7. f. 1. plies etadljp. ds. Nymphalis Perseis, vol. 2. pl. 21. f. 3, 4. p. 39. —— pi(Charaxes) Pollux, vol. 3. pl. 30. f. 1, 2. p. 41. eo ue vol. 3. pl. 23. f.3, 4. p. 33. Salmacis; vol.2. pl. 8. f. 1, 2. p- 16. ————— Semine volo plein fas: (Limenitis) Sibilla, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 1, 2. p. 30. — (Charaxes) Tiridates, yol. 3. pl. 23. f. 1, 2. p. 32. Varanes, vol. 3. pl. 31. f. 1, 2. PY 42. Odonestis? Servula, vol. 2. pl. 11. f. 4. p. 23. Onitis Spinipes, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 8. p. 74. Onthophagus serratipes, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 8. p- 78. Ophion macrurum, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 5. p. 92. Oryetes nasicornis, vol. 1. pl. 34. f. 7, 8 1s (2G Pamphila Metis, vol. 2. pl. 16. f. 3, 4. p- 31. Phileus, vol. 1. pl. 13. f. 4, 5 p. 20. *Papilio Pleb. Rur. Acis, vol. 1. pl. 1. f. 2. * Al = Nazaph: Ph. afer, vol. 3, pl. 36. aes 3. pl. 9. £. 4. p. 12. *——— Pleb. Rur. Agis, vol. 3. pl. 26. f. 3, 4. “——— Nymph. Phal. Alphzea, vol. 3. pl. 36. f. 3,4. re — Nymph. Ph. Althea, yol. 3. pl. 20. 2 “——— Nymph. Phal. Amestris, vol. 3 pl. 20. £. 3, 4. ae Pleb. Urb. Ampyx, vol. 3. pl. 9. f. 2, 3- -——— Antenor, vol. 2. pl. 3. f. 1. p. 4. 27. f.5, 6. aa Ue *____ Dan. Fest. petocnes vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 3, 4. —— Hostilia, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. 5, 6. 2. pl. 21. f. 1, 2. eee users) Jason, vol. 1. pl. 1. Nymph. Ph. Antielea, vol. 3. pl. 84 *Papilio Nymph. Phal. Areas, vol. 1. pl). 19. | 2865 GR | *, Dan. Cand. Aretheusa, vol. 2. pl. 19: f15,765 *——_— Dan. Fest. Arethusa, vol. 3. pl. 8. faite *. 6. f. 2. Nymph. Phal. Argynnis, vol. 1. pl. 11. f. 3, 4 Nymph. Phal. Arthemis, vol. 2. pl. 10. f. 3, 4. ——-— Ascanius, vol. 3. pl. 9. f. 1. p.11. — Asius, vol. 3. pl. 35. f. 4. p. 47. * * 17. f. 3, 4. * f. 4 ——— Asterias, pl. 11.f. 2, 3 *. fo y4. * — Eq. Ach. fia. *——\.. Pleb. Rur. 3, 5. p- 21. Eq. Troj. Astinous, vol. 1. pl. 11. Athamas, vol. 1. pl. 2 Baucis, vol. 3. pl. 12. %, Nymph. pl. 11. f. 1, 2 Phal. Berenice, vol. 3. ~ — Nymph. Phal. Biblis, vol. 1. pl. 4. F725 = — Nymph. Phal. Bolina, vol. 1. pl.14. 12 *____ NES Gemm. Cadma, vol. 2. pl. TBS Gals a Dan. Cand. Cenis, vol. 2. pl. 19. fe i2 * — Dan. Cand. Calypso, vol. 2. pl. 17. f.3, 4. ms — Eq. Hel. Cameena, vol. 2. pl. 7. ep ze Nymph. Phal. Camulus, vol. 3. pl. 30. *—_—_ Nymph. Gemm. Cardui Virgi- niensis, vol. 1. pl. 5. f. 1. *—____ Nymph. Phal. Charonia, vol. 1. pl. Hayes Wye ~ Dan. Cand. Chloris, vol. 3. pl. 32. f. 3, 4. = Dan. Cand. Chryseis, vol. 1. pl. 12. f. 2. Hel. Circeis, vol. 3. pl. 18. f. 5, 6a * — Nymph. Phal. Cluena, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 5, 6. ie Dan. Cand. Crisia, vol. 3. pl. 37. foe +—____ Nymph. Phal. Crithea, vol. 2. pl. 16. f. 5, 6. * Nymph. Phal. Cyane, vol. 1. pl. 4. * —_ Helie. Cynthius, vol. 3. pl. 37. f. Nymph. Ph. Cytheris, vol. 2. pl. 4. f. 3, 4. * — Nymph. Gemm. Decius, vol. 3. pl. (78 4 OF a — Nymph. Ph. Delius, vol. 3. pl. 14. f. 5,6. *——— kq. Hel. Diaphanus, vol. 2. pl. 7. f.3. Helic. Dice, vol. 3. pl. 18. f. 3, 4. *—___ Dan. Cand. Dione, vol. 2. pl. 8 f. 3, 4. *—— Nymph. Ph. 36. f. 5, 6. ~ Nymph. Phal. Eleus, vol. 3. pl. 12. Doriclea, vol. 3. pl. Dan. Fest. Erymantis, vol. 1. pl. 15. f. 3, 4. vat Nymph. Phal. Ariadne, vol. 3. pl. Nymph. Phal. assimilis, vol. 1. pl. *——— Eq. Troj. Astyagas, vol. 3. pl. 35. *Papilio Nymph. Ph. Etheocles, vol. 3. pl- 10. *—___ Nymph. Phal. Ethosea, vol. 8. pl. 37. £.3, 4. im — Dan. Cand. Eucharis, vol. fro; (6. * —__ Pan. Cand. Eudoxia, vol. 3. pl. 32. f.1, 2. *—_— Kq. Ach. Eudoxus, vol. 3. pl. 33. feoliy4: 2. pl. 10. ss Dan. Fest. Eumeus, vol. 1. pl. 2. f. 3. ‘a Pleb. urb. Eupale, vol. 3. pl, 6. f. 3. 3 Hel. Euritea, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. 5, 6 * Dan. Cand. Evippe, voll. pl. 5. f.2. * Nymph. Phal. Fabius, vol.3. pl. 16. fale el Pleb. rur. Faunus, vol. 2. pl. 1. f. 3,4 “2 Ra Gemm. Feronia, vol. 1. pl. 10. f. 1, Dan. iCand. Glaucippe, vol. 1. pl. 10. f. 3, 4 * Pleb. urb. Helops, vol. 3. pl. 33. f.2, 3. z Nymph. Phal. Hiarbas, vol. 3. pl. 14.f.1,2. - Hel. Hirce, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. 3, 4. = Helic. Horta, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. 12. i — Dan. Fest. Hostilia, pl. 28. f. 5, 6. * PL Rur. Hydaspes, vol. 3. pl. 15. f. 2,3. ze Helic. Hypatia, vol.3. pl. 13. f. 1,2 * Dan. Cand. Hypatia, vol, 3. pl. 32. f.5, 6. a Nymph. Phal. Hyppolite, vol. 3. pl. 14. f. 3, 4. * ——— Nymph. Phal. Idalia, vol. 1. pl. 13. iL eE BE *——_ Nymph. Phal. Ilithyia, vol. 2. pl. 17.f.1, 2. et Nymph. Phal. Tole, vol. 3. pl. 38. 9 fee Nymph. Phal. Iphicla, vol. 1. pl. 14. f.3, 4. - Pleb. urb. Iphis, vol. 2. pl. 15. f. 2. *—___ Nymph. Phal. Irene, vol. 3. pl. 38. fouls *—__. Dan. Fest. Isis, vol. 2. pl. 3. f.4, 5. 3 — Dan. Fest. Isis, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 1,2. na Nymph. Phal. Jacintha, vol. 2. pL 21. fol. 1,2. x — Nymph. Phal. Janais ,yol. 3. pl. 17. f.5, 6. - — Dan. Fest. Jarbas, vol. 3. pl. 8. f. 2. *—__— Eq. Ach. Jasius, vol. 1. pl. 1. f. 1., *—__._ Kq. Ach. Laertes, vol. 3. pl. 15. f..1 a ice, vol. 3. pl 26. f.1, 2. *____ Nymph. Gemm. Laomedia, var. vol. 1. pl. 5. f. 3. 3 — Nymph. Phal. Laure, vol. 2. pl. 17. f.5, 6. 4 — ‘Dan. Cand. Leda, vol. 1. pl. 15. f. 5, 6. ts — Dan. Fest. Licus, vol. 1. pl. 16. f. 1, 2. ‘a — Dan. Fest. Lynceus, vol. 2. Pp 7. Ole * Pieb. rur. Lysippus, vol. 1. pl. 2 f. 2. “2 Eq. Achiv. Medon, vol. 2. pl. 5. f. 1. ae Dan. Fest. Meleagris, vol. 3. pl. 27. f. 3, 4. *—____ Nymph. Phal. Melicerta, vol. 2. pl. 19.f. 3, 4. Helic. Parn. Menander, vol. 3. pl. 38. f.3. * “Papilio Menestheus, vol. 2. pl. 9. f. 1, 2. p- 17. - — Pleb. urb. Menetas, vol. 3. pl. 8. py *—__ Eq. Hel. Menippe, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. 3, 4. *____ Pleb. urb. Metis, vol. 2. pl. 16. f. 3,4. z — Helic. Parn. Nereis, vol. 3. pl. 35. f. 2,3. *—— Nymph. Phal. Niphe, vol. 1. pl. 6. fave bs — Nireus, vol. 2. pl. 4. f. 1,2. p. 6. *—_ Pleb. Urb. Ophion, vol. 3. pl. 17. f. 1, 2. i ae Nymph. Phal. Opis, vol. 2. pl. 18. f. 5, 6. * ”"Pleb. rur. Oreas, vol. 3, pl. 34. £.2,3. =i — Pleb. urb. Orion, vol. 3. pl. 17. f. B}, Ze : — Nymph. Phal. Orsis, vol. 3. pl. 16. f. 3. -— Palamedes, vol. 1. pl. 19. f. 1, 2. p- 35. * — Pleb. rur. Pan. vol. 2. pl. 23, f.3, 4. * Eq. Ach. Pantheus, vol. 3. pl. 6. f.. 4. *—___ Nymph. Gemm. Parhassus, vol. 3. pl. 4. ~— Paris, vol. 1. pl. 12. f. 1,2. p. 23. * Eq. Ach. Patrocius, vol. 1. pl. 7 f.1. pl.8.f. 1, 2. *# 27. f.1, = Pleb. Pelops, vol. rur. f. 3,4. * 21. f. 3,4. Dan. 21. f.3, 4. Nymph. fo 2s * Fest. Phaeton, vol. 1. * pl. 21. *—_ Kq. Ach. Philoctetes, vol. 2. pl. 1. f. 1,2. f. 4, 5. Polydamus, vol. 1. pl. 17. f. 1,2 Protesilaus, vol. 1. pl. 23. f. "}aq. Troj. Rhipheus, vol. 2 2 1. Nymph. Phal. Salmacis, vol. 2. pl Ss pale) *_____ Helic. Sapho, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 4. bs pe Phal. Sibilla, var. pl. 16. f.1, * Pleb. Rur. Simiaethis, vol. 1. pl. 1. f, 3. ——— Sinon, vol. 1. pl. . — Pleb. Rur. Sylvanus, vol. 2 f.2, 3. 22. f.3, 4. p.41. - — Nymph. Gemm. Terea, vol. 2. pl. 18. f. 3, 4. : Dan. Fest. Thais, vol. 3. pl. 16. | f. 4. * Dan. Cand. Thetis, vol. f.3, 4. —— Thoas, vol. 1. pl. 22. f..1,2. p. 40. — Thyastes, vol. 3. pl. 35. f. 1. p. 46. = Nymph. Phal, Tiridates, vol. 3. pl. 22, f. 1,2. Nemnh Phal. Pelarga, vol. 3. pl. 1, pl. 19. Nymph. Phal. Perseis, vol. 2. pl. pl. Phal. Phalantha, vol. 1. — Philenor, vol.1.pl. 11. f. 1, 4. p. 20. *—_— Pleb. Urb. Phyleus, vol. 1. pl. 13. 3, 4. . Pleb. rur. Pyramus, vol. 3. pl. 23. . pl. 23. Nymph. Phal. Rumina, yol. 1. pl. vol. 2. . pl. 3. 2. pl. 9: + Bomb. Caprotina, vol. 1. pl. 3. f. 3. *—_____ Geom. catenaria, vol. 1. pl. 8. f. 3. * Attae. Ceeropia, vol. 1. pl. 18. fo 2 * — Noct. Chera, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 4. * —— Noct. Collaris, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 2. * Noct. Crassa, vol. 3. pl. 2. f. 1. es Attac. Crepuscularis, i, Tip: 20. f. 1, 2. z — Bomb. Cunea, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 4. *—_____. Attac. Cynthia, vol. 2. pl. 6. f. 2. *_______ Noct. Diaphana, vol. 3. pl. 22. f45 *_______ Noct. Edusa, vol. 2. pl. 24. f. 4. - — Bomb. Egle, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 3. *_______ Noct. _Epimenis, vol. 3. pl. 29 £2525 *_______ Attac. Epimethea, vol. 2. pl. 13. | foals ee — Noct. Epione, vol. 1. pl. 23. f. 2. be — Noct. Eucharis, vol. 3. pl. 22. £Ga ihe — Bomb. spiril. Famila, vol. 2, pl. 11. f. 3. *______ Bomb. figurata, vol. 2. pl. f. 4. 85 *Papilio Eq. Troj. Troilus, vol. 1. pl. 11. f. 2, | 3,5. be Dan. Festiv. Umbra, vol. 3. pl. 18. fh; * Nymph. Phal. Undularis, vol. 2. pls LO tale 2s = — Nymph. Gemm. Varanes, vol. 3. pl. 31. Pelecinus Politurator, vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 4. p. 87. Pelidnota punctata, vol. 1, pl. 34. f. 5. p- 70. —~ unicolor, vol. 3. pl.44. f. 2. p. 60. Pelopzeus cementarius, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 6, 7, 8. & pl. 45. f. 8, 9, 10. p. 99. petiolatus, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 7 p. 85. Pentatoma bicolorata, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 2. p- 58. — catena, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 1. p. 64. — flavicollis, vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 4. p- 72. —-- pulchella, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 8. p. 67. — regia, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 6. p. 66. — rutilans, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 5. p. 66. spectabilis, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 4. | p- 66. Pepsis atrox, vol. 3. pl. 42. f. 1. p. 56. — ceruleana, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 4. p. 83, —-~— rubra, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 6. p. 84. — severa, vol. 3. ple 42. f. 4. p. 57. Petasia? ministra, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 3. p. 27. *Phalena Bomb. Acrea, vol. 1. pl. 3. f. 2. od Attae. Alinda, vol. 3. pl. 19. *— - Noct. Amabilis, vol. 2. pl. 13. fos *_______ Noct. anilis, vol. 2. pl. 12. f. 3. Ml — Bomb. aranacea, iol Teepllgs fale *______. Noct. Arge, vol. 1. pl. 18. f.3. * —— Geom. argentata, vol. 2. pl. 14. £..2; *______. Noct. astrea, vol. 2. pl. 6. f. 3. *______ Tinea bella, vol. 1. pl. 24. f. 3. *______ Bomb. brachyura, vol. 3. pl. 29. P15 4 *_____ Noct. Cenea, vol. 3. pl. 21. f.3. *_______ Bomb. Cafra, vol. 3. pl. 15 f. 1. *Phalena Noct. fluctuosa, vol. 2. pl. 14. *—_—_——. Geometra fulvata, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 4. *—____ Bomb. spiril. Glaucopis, vol. 2 pl. 6. f. 4. — Noct. guttata, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 1. - Noct. Helcita, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 4 * *—_____ Noct. Hercyna, vol. 2. pl. 24. f.1, 2. *___. —_ Noct. Hesione, vol. 3. pl. 22. f.3. ‘a — Noct. Hieroglyphica,vol. 2. pl. 2. fide “3 Attac. imperialis, vol. 1. pl. 9. f.1,2 Ea Noct. Ino, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 3. *______ Attac. Laocoon, vol. pl. 3. f. 1. *—______ Attac. Lucina, vol. 3. pl. 54. f. 1. *____— Noct. lugubris, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 5. *_______ Attac. Luna, vol. 1. pl. 24. f- 1. i -- Noct. lunata, vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 3. * Bomb. Maia, vol. 2. pl. 24. f. 3. *.______ Noct. margaritata, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 6. | * — Bomb. marginata, vol. 3. pl. 22. oe Eat ls |) * — Noct. Materna, vol. 2. pl. 13. Pts; bd Noct. Menea, vol. 3. pl. 3. f. 2. ~ — Noet. Melicerta, vol. 1. pl. 23. aA + Noct. Ministra, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 3. * —____ Noct. Mopsa, vol. 3. pl. 3. f. 3. *_____— Attac. Mylitta, vol. 2. a Oeiteil *_______ Noct. Myrtea, vol. 2. pl. 2. f.3 *____—. Noct. Nais, vol. 1. pl. F . 3. * *. — Bomb. Nerina, vol. 3. pl. 5. f. 2. Pyral. nivalis, vol. 2 a 14. f. 4. —— Noct. Numeria, vol: 23. = pls, f. 5. & — Noct. Nundina, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 5. ne —— Attac, Odora, vol. 1. pl. 3. f. 1. *_______ Noct. Opigena, vol. 2. pl. 22. f4, be — Noct. Ornatrix, vol. 1. pl. 24. fa2° - —— Noct. Pales, vol.1. pl. 23. f. 3. “< — Noct. papilionaris, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. 4. —— Paranympha, var. vol. 1. pl. 23. £6. * Attac. Phedusa, vol. 3. pl. 24, 25. ws — Noct. Phileta, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 5. lee —— Bomb. Phyllira, vol. 1. pl. 7. f. 2. ‘i Attae. Eee AE vol. 2. pl. 11. f.1, 2, & pl. 12. f. 1, *—__—_— Noct. Puella, ‘vol. 2. pl. lef 2. *—__— Bomb. Pylotes, vol. 2. pl. 5 f. 3. es — Bomb. Rhodope, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 3. *—_____ Bomb. rivulosa, vol. 2. pl. 14 sanguiflua, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 1, 2. —_—— Noct. serrata, vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 4. Noct. Scolopacea, vol. 2. pl. 22. Pele + — Pyral. sericea, vol. 2. pl. 6. f. 1. bd Noct. servula, vol. 2. pl. 11. f. 4. | *___—— Noct. Sospeta, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 3. * Noet. speciosa, vol. 2. pl. 6. f. 2 . pl. 9. ~— Noct. Squamularis, vol. 1. f. 3, *Phalena Geom. transyersata, vol. 1. pl. 8. fe * — Nott. tristis, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 1. % tig Ps *, -— Bomb. Zenobia, vol. 3. pl. 39. Phanzeus Carnifex, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 3, 4, 5. p- 72. ——— festivus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 5. p. 73. Phasma (Diapherodes) Gigas, vol. 2. pl. 50. p- 100. —-— (Platycrana) Jamaicensis, vol. 2. p. 49. f. 1. p. 99. Phileurus Didymus, vol. 1. pl. 32. p- 64. Phiea corticata, yol.2. pl. 40. f. 2. p. 86. Pieris Calypso, vol. 2. pl. 17. f.3, 4. p. 33. —— Chloris, vol. 3. pl. 32. f. 3,4. p. 43. —— (Leptalis) Chrisia, vol. 3. pl. 37. f. 1, 2. p. 49. —— Eucharis, vol. 2. pl. 10. f. 5, 6, p. 19. —— Eudoxia, vol. 3. pl. 32. f.1,2. & pl. 43. —— (Iphias) Glaucippe, vol. 1. pl. 10. f. 3, 4. p. 20. —— Hypatia, vol. 3. pl. 32. f. Des p. 44. —— Pasithoe, vol.2. pl. 8. f. 3, 4. p. 16. —— (Thestias) Pyrene? yol.1. pl f, 2. p.tk. Polistes annularis, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 6. p. 95. — squamosa, vol.1. pl. 43. f. 7. p. 96. Polydesmus (Fontaria) virginiensis, vol. 1. pl. 43. f.8. p. 96. Polyommatus Isis, vol. 2. pl. 3. f. 4,5. p. 6. ——_ Thero, vol. 1. pl. 2. f. 1. p. 4. Prepodes? Cameleon, v. yol.2. pl. 33. f. 4 5. p. 65. Prionus (Orthomegas) Cinnamomeus, vol. 1. pl. 40. f. 2. p. 85. (Stenodontes) damicornis, vol. 1. pl. 38. f. 1. p. 80. (Titanus) Giganteus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f.1. p. 75. ——— (Derobrachus) laticollis, vol. 1. pl. 37.f. 2. p. 78. (Mallodon) Maxillosus, vol. 1. pl. 38. f. 3. p. 82. (Mallodon) melanopus, vol. 1. pl. 88. f. 2. p. 82. (Orthosoma) pensylvanicus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f.1. p. 78. Pyrrhocoris Princeps, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 5. p. 59. Raphigaster incarnatus, vol. p. 72. 1% Bh or ? 2. pl. 36. f. 5. validus, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 4. p. 81. — vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 6. p. 68. Reduvius (Conorhinus) variegatus, vol. 1 pl. 45. f. 5. p. 103. Rhina barbirostris, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 2. p. 66. Rhipicera Drurzi, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 7. p. 74. Rutela lineola, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 3. p. 60. Sagra femorata, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 5. p. 67. Saperda carcharias, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 5. p. 88. Saturnia Alinda, vol. 3. pl. 19. p. 26. Argus, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 1. p. 39. Cecropia, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 2. p. 32. ——_ Cynthia, vol... pl. 6:f. 2. p-12. Epimethea, vol. 2. pl. 13. f. 1. p. 24. Lucina, pl. 34. f. 1. p. 45. ———— Maia, vol. 2. pl. 24. f. 8. p. 45. Mylitta, vol. 2. pl. 5. f. 1. p. 10. —— Noct. undularis, vol. 1. pl. 9. f. 4. -——— Bomb. Virginiensis, vol.2. pl. 13. ~ spectabilis, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 8. p. 74. — trilineata, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 1. p. 86. 86 Saturnia Pheedusa, vol. 3. pl. 24, & 26. p. 34. Promethea, vol. 2 —pl. 12. f. 1, 2. p. 20. *Scarabzeus geon, vol 2. pl. 30. f. 5. JEruginosus, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 4. Africanus, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 4. —— Amazonus? vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 6. —~— Antzeus, vol. 1. pl, 34. f. 3, 4. ——— Capensis, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 3. Septet 1, 2° Carolinus, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 2. cinetus, vol, 3. pl. 44. f. 4. — claviger, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 3. cordatus, vol. 2. » Pls 82. f. 5. ceeruleus, vol. 2. pl. 32. f. es ———— Delta, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 1, ——— Didymus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. a fasciatus, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 2. fascicularis, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 2 faunus, vol. 3. pl. 41. f. 6. —— festivus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 5. Geryon, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 6. ——- Gideon, vol. 1. pl. 36. f.1. Goliatus, vol. 1. pl. 31. var. vol. 3. pl. 40. — Hercules, vol. 1. pl. 30. f. 1,2 ———— Hespera, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 3. , RH HK HK KEK KH KEK KE DK HK KK EM SE ——- levis, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 7. —-— lanigerus, vol. 1. pl. 34. £6. Lanius, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 8. —— marginatus, vol. 2. pl. 32. f. 1. micans, vol. 2, pl. 52. f. 3. minutus, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 6. — Molossus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. 2. nasicornis, vol. 1. pl. 34. f. 7,8. — unitidus, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 5, occidentalis, vol. 2, pl. 32. —— Oromedon, vol. 1. ple 36. f. —— pallidus, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 1. —— punctatus, vol. 1. pl. 34. f. f. 3 if 6. f. 2. 5. — serratipes, vol. 1. pl. 36. Simson, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 3, suleatus, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. ——- —— tetradactylus, vol. 1. pl. 33. — torquatus, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 1. — triangularis, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 7. — spinipes, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 8. —— unicolor, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 2. — virens, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 3. Seolia flavifrons? vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 3. p. 86. fossulana, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 5. p. 98. ——- Mautilleformis, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 4. p. 76. ——- 4-maculata, vol. 2. pl. 39. f.. 2. p. 83. Scutellera Drurei, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 1, 5. p- 89. *Sirex cinctus, vol, 2. pl. 38. f. 2 Smerinthus Astylus, vol. 2. pl. 26. f.2. p. 48. 5. 8. 4. ff 7. Hee MRR eH HEH EK KR HH OH AHH HH — Jamaicensis, vol. 2. pl. 25. f. 2. p. 47. Solenopus Cacicus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 5. p. 76. Spherocoris Annulus, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 9. p: 68. *Sphex abdominalis, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 2. *—___ atrox, vol. 3. pl. 42. f.1. *—__ ceementaria, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 6. ve cerulea, vol. 2. oC 39. f. 8. *—__ ceeruleana, vol. 2. pl..39. f. 4. * — ferus, vol. 3, pl. 42. fae Jamaicensis, vol. 1. pl. 44 f. 4. p. 98. x ——- maculata, vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 3. * — Mutilleformis, vol. 2, pl. 37. f. 4 earnifex, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 3, 4, 5. Jamaicensis, vol. 1. pl. 54. f. 1, Sphex Pensylvanica, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 8. p. 85. * — petiolatus, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 7. *——— plumipes, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 5. fe — rubra, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 6, *-— — severus, vol. 3. pl.'42. f. 4. *—___. speciosus, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 1. Sphinx Achemon, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 1. p. 55. *——. Alecto, vol. 2. pl. 27. f. 4. — Alope, vol. 1. pl. 27. f. 1. p, 52. — Antzeus, vol. 2. pl. 25. f. 1. p. 47. is Astreus, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 4. *___. Astylus, vol. 2. pl. 26. f. 2. x Brontes, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 4. p. 56. - Carolina, yol. 1. pl. 25. f. 1. p. 47. vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 2. *___ Chiron, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 3. vol. 1. pl. 25. f. 4. p. 49. *—— Clotho, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 1. * coarctata, vol. 2. pl. 27. f. 2. “ conyolvuli, vol. 1. var. pl. 26. f. 4. =— Ello, vol. 1. pl, 27. f. 3. p. 54. Euphorbia, vol. 1. pl. 29. f 3. * fenestrata, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 5. vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 3. ——— Ficus, vol. 2. pl. 26. f. 1. p. 48. —— Hyleus, vol. 2. pl. 26. f. 3. p. 49. ——- ldrieus, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. 2: p. 3. lugubris, vol. ae pl. 28. f. 2. *—__ Nessus, vol. § 2. pl. 27. f. 1. ss ocellatus Tamaicensia\ vol. 2. pl. 25 £22: Otus, vol. 1. pl. 16. f. 3. x Passalus, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 2 *-— Phalenoides, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 6. * Phegea, vol. ue pl. 25. f. 2. *——. Pholus, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. oe —~— Pinastri, vol. 1. pl. 27. f. 2:. p. ———— Plumipes, vol. 2. pl. 27. re 3. *—__________ yol. 3. pl. 2. f. 3. * —_ Polymena, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 1. *—. pulchra, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 3. —— Satellita, vol. 1. pl. 29. f. 1, 2 —— Strigiles, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 4. p. 57. - tersa, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 3. —— Thetis, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 4. -— tibialis, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 2. vinosa, vol. 1. pl. 23. f. 4. —— Vitis, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 1. p. 54. hd zonata, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 5. Spilosoma Acrea, vol. 1. pl. 3. f. 2, 3. p. 7. Arge, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 3. p. 33. Cunea, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 4. p. 34. Egle, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 3. p. 38. Nais, vol. 1. pl. 7. f. 3. p. 15. Stenocorus atomarius, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 6. p- 88. ——— —- (Cerasphorus) balteatus, vol. pl. 37. f. 6. p. 80 (Chlorida) festivus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 5. p. 80. (Elaphidion) irroratus, yol. 1. pl. 41. f. 3. p. 87. — (Eburia) quadrimaculatus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f..3. p. 79. (Elaphidion) spinicornis, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 4. p. 87. Stizus speciosus, vol. 2. pl. 38, f. 1. p. 77. Synagris cornuta, vol. 2, ¢ pl. 48. f. 3. p- 98. Syntomis Cerbera, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 2. p. 51. fenestrata, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 5. * * * p- 54. ——-- Phegea, vol..1. pl. 25. f. 2. p. 48. Tabanus Americanus, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 3. plumbeus, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 2. p. 97. *Tenebrio femoratus, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 5. Tesseratoma papillosa, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 2. p. 91. Tettigonia sanguinea, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 5, 6. p- 81. Thecla Acis, vol. 1. pl. 1. f. 2. p. 3. Faunus, vol. 2. pl. 1. f. 4, 5. p. 2. Orcas, vol. 3. pl. 34. f. 2, 3. p. 46. Pan, vol. 2. pl. 23. f. 2, 4. p. 44. —_——~ Phaleros, vol. 3. pl. 26. f. 3, 4. p. 35. Simaethis, vol. 1. pl. 1. f. 3. p. 3. Sylvanus, vol. 2. pl. 3. f. 2, 3. p. 5. Thetis, vol. 2. pl. 9. f. 3, 4. p. 18. Thyreus lugubris, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 2. p. 99. Trachyderes succinctus, vol. 1. pl. 59. f. 2. p. 83. 87 Tremex Columba, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 2. p. 78. Trichius fasciatus, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 2. p. 75. —(Archimedius) Delta, vol. 2. pl. 30. Ll s2s'p..o7. Triphzena materna, vol. 2. pl. 13. f. 4. p. 26. Truxalis Brasiliensis, vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 1. p. 8d. Urania Rhipheus, vol. 2. pl. 23. f. 1, 2. p. 42. Vanessa Amestris, vol. 3. pl. 20. f. 3, 4. p. 27. Anacardii, vol. 3. pl. 4. f. 1, 2. p. — Charonia, yol. 1. pl. 15. f. 1,2. 27. Or p. *Vespa cincta, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 6. *_—~ Jamaicensis, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 4. *——- maculata, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 2- orientalis, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 1. p. 82. *_—- squamosus, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 7. *_—_~ turcica, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 1. Xylocopa latipes, vol. 2. pl. 48. f. 2. p- 98. — Virginica, vol. 1. pl. 43, f-. p. 90. Zygeena Thetis, vol. & pl. 26. f. 4. p. 52- SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF \ THE INSECTS FIGURED IN THESE ILLUSTRATIONS. NorE.—The Species are arranged alphabetically under the Generic Names, independently of the Subgenera, which are in brackets thus, ( yy Order: COLEOPTERA, Linneus. Section: ADEPHAGA. Family; CARABID®. Sub-Family : BRACHINIDES, Casnonia longicollis, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 4, 6. p- 90. Galerita Americana, vol. 1. p- 89. Section : Family : pl. 42. CLAVICORNES. HISTERID. Hister (Oxysternus) maximus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f.4. p. 72. Section: LAMELLICORNES. Family : SCARABAIDA. Coprobius levis, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 7. p. 73, triangularis, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 7. p- 77. Onthophagus serratipes, vol. 1. pl. 36, f. 8. p- 78. Onitis Spinipes, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 8. p. 74. Phanzeus Carnifex, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 3, 4, 5. p- 72. —— festivus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 5. p. 73. Copris Carolina, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 2. p. 72. Faunus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 6. p. 73. minutus, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 6. p. 73. — Molossus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f.2. p. 64. Sulcatus, vol. 1. pl. 35. f. 1. p. 71. Family: DYNASTIDA. Oryctes nasicornis, vol. p. 71. Dynastes Egeon, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 5. f. 58. Anteus, vol. 1. p- 26. Centaurus, yol. 1. pl. p- 70. Til f. 2. 1. pl. 34. f. 7, 8. pl. 34. £.3, 4. 36. f. 1. CoLEOPTERA continued. Dynastes Claviger, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 3. p. 72 Geryon, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 6. p. 58, Gideon, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 5. p. 76. —-— Hercules, vol. 1. pl. 30. f. 1, 2. p. 59. Satyrus, vol. 1. pl. 34. f. 1,2 p- 69. Titanus, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 3, 4, p. fos 76. Phileurus Didymus, vol. Me pl. 32. p. 64. Family. RuTvEvIDa. Rutela lineola, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 3. p. 60. Cyclocephala signata, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. 6. Denese Pelidnota punctata, vol. 1. p- 70. _ unicolor, vol. 3. pl.44. f. 2 p. 68. Family: MELOLONTHIDE. Areoda lanigera, vol. 1. pl. 34. f. 6. p. 70. Melolontha occidentalis, vol. 2 p- 62. Hoplia ceerulea, vol. 2. pl. 32. f. 4. p. 63. Family: CETONIID. Trichius (Archimedius) Delta, vol. f. 1,2. p. 57. — fasciatus, vol. 1. pl. 36. f. Goliathus Drurii, vol. 3. pl. 40. p. 54. Giganteus, vol. 1. 61. ——- micans, vol. 2. pl. 32. f. 3. p. 62. Gymnetis Lanius, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 8. p. 68. nitida & Var. yol. 1. pl. 33. f. 5, 6. p. 67. N ply 34. £25: - p. 60. Chasmodia ? virens, vol. 2. pl. 30. f. 3. p-o7. Macraspis fucata, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 4. p. 61. tetradactyla, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 7. . pl. 32, f. 2. 2. pl. 30- 2. p. 75. pl. 31. f. 1. p. COLEOPTERA continued. Cetonia (Gnathocera) africana, vol. 2. pl. 30. f.4. p. 57 ——— aurata, var. yol. 1. pl. 33. f.1. p. 66. ——-—- capensis, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 3. p. 67. ——— cordata, vol. 2. pl. 32. f. 5. p. 63. —— fascicularis, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 2. p. 66. fastuosa, vol. 1. pl. 33. f. 4. p. ‘67. ——— marginata, vol. 2. pl. 32. f. 1. p. 61. ——— torquata, vol. 3. pl. 44. f. 1. p. 60. Section: SERRICORNES. Family: BUPRESTIDA. Buprestis (Chalcophora) Virginiensis, yol. 2. pl. 30. f. 3. Family: ELATERIDA. Elater auratus, vol. 2. pl. 35. f. 3. p. Oi (Tetralobus) “flabellicornis, vol. pl. 47. f. 1. p. 68. (Semiotus) ligneus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 4. p. 70. —— — (Chaleolepidius) poreatus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 6. p. 71. ——-— (Cardiophorus) pictus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f131pNG9: ——— (Agrypnus) 4-maculatus, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 2. p. 69. (Semiotus ) suturalis, vol. 3. pl. 47. f. 5. p. 70. Family : CEBRIONID&. Rhipicera Drureei, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 7. p. 74. Family: LAMPYRIDA. Lampyris Gigantea, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 2. p. 77. Section: RHYNCOPHORA. Family: BRENTHIDZ. Brenthus minutus, vol. 1. pl. 42, p- 90. £8, 7. CoLEOPTERA continued. Family : CURCULIONIDE. Brachycerus globosus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f, 4. p. 64. p. 66. Rhina barbirostris, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 2. p. 66. Hipporhinus ? muricatus, vol. 2. pl. 34.f. 4. p- 67. ornatus, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 3. Verrucosus, vol. 1. pl. 32. f. 5. p- 65. Heilipus? scalaris, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 2. p. 75. Entimus imperialis, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 1. p. 65. Diaprepes Spengleri, vol. 1. pl. 82. f. 1. p. 63. Cyphus 16-punctatus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 1. p. 76. Cholus urbanus, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 2. p. 72. Solenopus Cacicus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 5. p.76. Prepodes? Cameleon, v. vol. 2. pl. 33, f. 4, 5. p. 65. Baridius? ovalis, vol. 2. pl. 33. f. 1, 2. p.64. Calandra serrirostris, 9 ? vol. 2. pl. 33. f. 3. p. 64. Section: LONGICORNES. Family: PRIoNIDm. Prionus (Orthomegas) cinnamomeus, vol. 1. pl. 40. f. 2. p. 85. (Stenodontes) damicornis, vol. 1. pl. 38. f. 1. p. 80. (Titanus) Giganteus, vol. 3. pl. 49. f.1. p. 75. ——— (Derobrachus) laticollis, vol. 1. pl. 37.4. 2. p. 78. (Mallodon) Maxillosus, vol. 1. pl. 38. f. 3. p. 82. (Mallodon) melanopus, vol. 1. pl. 38. f..2. p.82. (Orthosoma) pensylvanicus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 1. p. 78. Family: CERAMBYCID. Cerambyx (Callichroma) afer, vol. 1. pl. 39. f. 4. p. 84. (Rosalia) alpina, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 5. p. 61. (Hamaticherus) Heros, vol. 1. pl. 39. f.1. p. 83. —— (Cosmisoma) plumicornis, vol. 3. pl. 49. f. 3. p. 76. Stenocorus atomarius, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 6. p- 88. —— —— (Cerasphorus) balteatus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 6. p. 88. (Chlorida) festivus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 5. p. 80. ———— (Elaphidion) irroratus, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 3. p. 87. ——— (Eburia) quadrimaculatus, vol. 1. pl. 37. f. 3. p. 79. — (Elaphidion) spinicornis, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 4. p. 87. Trachyderes succinctus, vol. 1. pl. 39. f. 2. p. 83. Clytus longipes, vol. 1. pl. 87. f.4. p. 79. —— pictus, vol. 1. pl. 41. £2. p.87. > Family: LamMiipa. Lamia (Acanthoderes) araneiformis, vol. 2. pl. 35. f. 4. p. 69. (Agaphantia) bipunctata, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 2. p. 59. (Polyrhaphis) cancriformis, yol. 2. pl. 35. f. 1. p. 68. 90 COLEOPTERA continued. Lamia Capensis, vol. 1. pl. 39. f.3. p. 84. (Monochamus) dentator? vol. 2. pl. 35. f. 2. p. 68. (Sternotomis) mirabilis, vol. 2. pl. 31. f.1. p. 59. (Sternotomis) pulchra, vol. 1. pl. 32. £.6. p. 65. punctator, vol. 2. pl. 31, f. 4. p. 60. (Acanthocinus) spinosa, vol. 2. pl. 31. f. 3. p. 60. verrucosa, vol. 1. pl. 40. f. 3. p. 86. Saperda carcharias, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 5. p. 88. — trilineata, vol. 1. pl. 41. f. 1. p. 86. Family : CRIocERIDz. Sagra femorata, vol. 2. pl. 34. f. 5. p. 67. Order: ORTHOPTERA. Section: CURSORIA. Family: BUATTID2. Blatta (Polyphaga) Hgyptiaca? vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 3. p. 71. (Blaberus) gigantea? yol. 2. pl. 36. f. 2. p. 71. nivea, vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 1. p. 70. (Phoraspis) picta, vol. 3. pl. 50. f.3. p- 78. Family: MANTIDz. Mantis cingulata, vol. 2. pl. 49. f. 2. p. 99. ——— - (Harpax) ocellaria, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 1. p. 57. ———-- (Thespis) parva, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 5. p- 84. Empusa Gongylodes, vol. 1. pl. 50. f. 2. p. 122. pennicornis, vol. 1. pl. 50. f. 1. p. 121. Family: PHASMIDZ. Phasma (Diapherodes) Gigas, vol. 2. pl. 50. p- 100. —- (Platyerana) Jamaicensis, vol. 2. p. 49. f. 1. p. 99. Bacteria linearis, vol. 1. pl. 50. f. 3. p. 122. Section: SALTATORIA. Family: ACHETID2®. Acheta membranacea, vol. 2. pl. 43. f. 2. We WHE pl. 43. f. 1. p. 90. Family: GRYLLIDA. Gryllus (Phyllopterus) myrtifolius, vol. 2. pl. 41. f. 2. p. 88. 42. f. 3. p. 90. Family: Locust1p. Locusta coerulea, vol. 2. pl. 42. f. 1. p. 89. —— (Rutidoderes) Centurio, vol. 2. pl. Al. f. 3. p. 88. ——— (Rutidoderes) Dux, vol. 2. pl. 44. p- 92 ————— (Rutidoderes) Miles, vol. 2. pl. 42. f. 1. p. 89. —~—— obscura, vol. 2. pl. 41. f. 1. p. 87. ——— (Phymatea) punctata, vol. 2. pl. 41. f. 4. p. 89. — spectabilis, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 8. p. 74. (Schizodactyla) monstrosa, yol. 2. — (Gryllacris) tesselatus, vol. 2. pl. ORTHOPTERA continued. Locusta (Rutidoderes) squarrosa, vol. 1. pl. 49. f. 1. p.119. — Tartarica, vol. 1. pl. 49. f. 2. p. 121. Truxalis Brasiliensis, vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 1. p 85. Order: NEUROPTERA. Family : LipELLULID®. #shna Junia, vol. 1. pl. 47. f. 5. p. 116. Libellula Axilena, vol. 2. pl. 47. f. 1. p. 96. — Berenice, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 3. p. 118. ———— Carolina, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 1. p. Tabs Eponina, vol. 2. pl. 47.f. 2. p.96. ———— Fulvia, vol. 2, pl. 46. f. 2. p. 95. Lucia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 1. p. 92. Lydia, vol. 1. pl. 47. f. 4. p. 116. -———— Marcia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 3. p ——— Paulina, vol. 2. pl. 46. f. 4. p — Portia, vol. 2. pl. 47.f. 3. p. 9 — Pulchella, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 5. p. 93. 95. 6. 119. —— Servilia, vol. 1. pl. 47. £.6. p.117. — Domitia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 4. p. 93. ——— Sophronia, vol. 2. pl. 47. f. 4. pois ———— Tullia, vol. 2. pl. 46: f..3. p.,95. variegata, vol. 2. pl. 46. f. 1. p. 94. Subfamily : AGRIONIDES. Agrion Caia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 2. p. 92. Titia, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 5. p. 94. virginica, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 2. p. 118. Cordulegaster Sabina, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 4. p- 119. Lestes cceruleata, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 1.p. 77. Lucretia, vol. 2. pl. 48. f. 1. p. 97. Family: MyRMELEONID. Myrmeleon Americanum, vol. 1.pl. 46. f. 6 p- 106. —— Libelluloides, vol. 1. pl. 46. f. 1. p. 104. torridum, vol. 3. pl. 41. p. 55. Euptilon ornatum, vol. 1. pl. 46. f. 2. p- 105. Family: HEMEROBIIDE. Chauliodes virginiensis, vol. 1. pl. 46. f. 3. p- 105. Order: HYMENOPTERA. Family: Str1crpaz. Tremex Columba, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 2. p. 78. Family: EVANUIDz? Pelecinus Politurator, vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 4. p- 87 Family : [CHNEUMONID. Ophion macrurum, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 5. p. 92. Family: ForRMtcip x. Formica bihamata, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 7, 8. p- 82. — rubripes, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 3. p. 78. Atta fervens, vol. 3. pl. 42. f. 3. p. 57. Family: Scouirp2. Scolia flavifrons? vol. 2. pl. 40. f. 3. p. 86. — fossulana, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 5, p. 98. HYMENOPTERA continued. Scolia Mutilleformis, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 4. p. 76. ——~ 4-maculata, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 2. p. 83. Family: SPHEGIDE. Sphex Jamaicensis, vol. 1. pl. 44 f. 4. p. 98. Pensylvanica, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 8. p- 865. Pelopzeus ceementarius, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 6, 7, 8. & pl. 45. f. 8,9, 10. p. 99. petiolatus, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 7. p.- 85. Pepsis atrox, vol. 3. pl. 42. f. 1. p. 56. ceruleana, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 4. p. 83. rubra, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 6. p. 84. — severa, vol. 3. pl. 42. f. 4. p. 57. Chlorion ferox, vol. 3. pl. 42. f. 2. p. 56. Family: BEMBECID&. Stizus speciosus, vol. 2. pl. 38. f. 1. p. 77. VESPID. Eumenes abdominalis, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 2. p. 102. Polistes annularis, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 6. p. 95. — squamosa, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 7. p. 96. Vespa orientalis, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 1. p. 82- Synagric cornuta, ¢@, vol. 2. pl. 48. f. 3. p- 98. Family: APIDZ. Celioxys? annularis, vol. p- 77. Xylecone latipes, vol. 2. pl. 48. f. 2 Virginica, vol. 1. pl. 43, f.1 Centris grossa, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 3. p. 102. Surinamensis, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 4. p- 92. Family : Ph iNb Bylo 18 Ue p- 98. Order: LEPIDOPTERA. Section: DIURNA. Family : PAPILIONIDZ. Papilio Agavus, vol. = igs 9. £..4. p. 12. —— Antenor, vol. 2. pl. 3. f. 1. p. 4. ——— Antiochus, aah 3. play peplic ——— Ascanius, vol. 3. pl. 9. f. ie p- 11. ——— Asius, vol. 3. pl. 35. f. 4. p- 47. ——— Asterias, pl. 11.f. 2, 3, 5. p. 21. Menestheus, vol. 2 . pl. 9. f. 1, 2. p. 17. Nireus, vol. 2. pl. 4. f. 1,2. p. 6. ——— — Paris, vol. 1. pl. 12. f£.:1,.2: p.23. Philenor, vol.1.pl. 11. f. 1, 4. p. 20. —-— Polydamus, vol. 1. pl. 17. f. 1, 2 p- 31. Sinon, vol. 1. pl. 22. f. 3, 4. p.41. —-— Thoas, vol. 1. pl. 22. f. 1,2. p. 40. ——— Thyastes, vol. 3. pl. 35. f. 1. p. 46. Colias (Callidryas) Pyranthe, var. vol. 1. pl.12. f.3, 4. p. 24: Pieris Calypso, vol. 2. pl. 17. f.3, 4. p. 33. —— Chloris, vol. 3. pl. 32. f. 3, 4. p. 43. —— (Leptalis) Chrisia, vol. 3. pl. 37. f. 1, 2. p. 49. —— Eucharis, vol. 2. pl. 10. f. 5, 6, p. 19. —— Eudoxia, vol. 3. pl. 32. f.1,2. & pl. 43. —— (Iphias) Glaucippe, vol. 1, pl. 10. f. 3, 4. p. 20. —— Hypatia, vol. 3. pl. 32. f.5,6. p. 44. — — Pasithoe, vol.2. pl. 8. f. 3, 4. p. 16. —— — (Thestias) Pyrene? vol.1. pl. 5. f. 2. p. 11. -p. 90. Ol LEPIDOPTERA continued. Anthocaris Arethusa, vol. 2. pl. 19. f. 5, 6. p- 37. Family : HELICONIID#. Heliconia diaphana, vol. 2. pl. 7. f. 3. p. 15. — Gazoria, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. 5, 6. p. 17. Trene, vol. 3. aE 38. f. le p. 5 —_— Sappho, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 4. p. é Acrzea Cameena, vol. 2 . pl. Users P- 1 Circeis, vol. 3. pl. 18. f. 5, Cynthia, vol. 3. pl. 37. f. 5, Dice, vol. 3. pl. 18. f. 3,4. 3 4. Whe oP, Ethosea, vol. 3. pl. 37. f. Gea, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. 3, Horta, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. 1, 2. Pp. 37. Hypatia, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. 1 16. Menippe, vol. 3. pl. 13. f. Ive Umbra, vol. 8: ple 18st 24, Idea Lynewa, vol. 2. pl. 7. £1. p. So Py 1,2. p. 3, 4.p. ae 14 Family: NYMPHALID. Melitzea Cytheris, vol. 2. pl. 4. f. 3, 4. p. 9- - Pelops, vol. 19. f. 34. p. 36. - Phaeton, vol. 1. pl.21. f. 3,4. p. 39. - Tharos, vol. 1. pl. 21. f. 5, 6. p. 39. Argynnis Erymanthis, vol. 1. pl. 15. f.3, 4. p- 28. Idalia, vol. 1. pl. 13. f.1, 2, 3. p- 24. — Niphe, vol. 1. pl. 6. f. 1. p. 12. — Phalanta, vol. 1. pl. 21. f.1, 2 p- 38. — Tephnia, vol. 1. pl. 6. f. 2. p. 13. Cethosia Biblis, vol. 1. pl. 4. f. 2. p. 9. — Cyane, vol. 1. pl. 4. f. 1. Be 8. Nymphalis Afer, vol. 3. pl. 36. f. 1,2. p. 48. Alpheea, vol. 3. pl. 36. f. 3, 4. p- 48. p- 27. Althea, vol. 3. pl. 20. f. 1, 2 (Charaxes) Anticlea, vol. 3. pl. 27. f. 5, 6. p. 37. Antiochus, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 3, 4. p- 9. p. 10. ————— (Limenitis) Arthemis, vol. 2 pl. 10. f. 3, 4. p. 19. — assimilis, vol. 1. pl. 17. f. 3, 4. Arethusa, vol. 3. pl. 8. f. 1, 4. p- 31. ————— (Charaxes) Berenice, vol. 3. pl. USES oa paglos — Bolina, vol. 1. pl. 14. f. 1,2. p. 26. — Cadma, vol. 2. pl. 18. f. 1, 2. p- 34. — Czenis, vol. 2. pl. 19. f. 1, 2. p- 36. =— Camillus, vol. 3. pl. 6. f. 4. p. 8. —— Decius, vol. 3. pl. 6. f. 1, 2. Ds4- —— Doriclea, vol. 3. pl. 36. f. 5, 6. p. 49. ————— Eleus, vol. 3. pl. 12. f. 1, 2 p- 1d. — Erithonius, vol. 2. pl. 15, f. 1, 2. p. 29. ——~——~— (Charaxes) Etesipe, vol. 3. pl. 10. p. 13. ————— (Charaxes) Endoxus, vol. 3. pl. 32. f. 1, 4. p. 44. ———— Eupale, vol. 3. pl. 6. f. 3. p. 7. N 2 LEPIDOPTERA continued. Nymphalis Feronia, vol. 1. pl. 10. f. 1, 2. p- 19. —— Hippona, vol. 3. pl. 16. f. 1, 2. Hostilia, vol. 3. pl. 28. f. 5, 6. p- 38. ———-— (Catagramma) Hydaspes, vol. 3. pl. 15. f. 2, 3. p. 20. -——_——— Jacintha, vol. 2. pl. 21. f. 1, 2. p- 39. — — Janais, vol. 3. pl. 17. f. 5,6. p- 24. —— (Charaxes) Jason, vol. 1. pl. 1. teal erpeille ————— lole, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 2. p. 52. ——_——-— Isis, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 1, 2. p. ————— Iphicla, vol. 1. pl. 14. f. 3, 4. p: 27. —— ——— Laodice, vol. 3. pl. 26. f. 1, 2. p. 3. — Laure, vol. 2. pl. 18. f. 5, G6. p- 33. ————-— Meleagris, vol.3. pl. 27. f. 3,4. p. 36. ————— Melicerta, vol. 2. pl. 19. f. 3, 4. p- 36. ——_——— Opis, vol. 2. pl.16. f. 5 ————— Opis, vol. 2, ~pl.17. £.5 ————— Orsis, vol. 3. pl. 16- f. ———- — Perseis, vol. 2. pl.2i. f z p- 39. —_—— Se) Pollux, yol. 3. pl. 80. f. 1, 2. p. 41. — - Pyramus, vol. 3. pl. 23. f.3, 4. p- 33. — Salmacis, vol.2. pl. 8. f. 1, 2. p- 16. —— Semire, vol. 3. pl. 14. f. 3, 4. p. 18. (Limenitis) Sibilla, vol. 2. pl. 45. f. 1, 2. p. 80. — a cherare) Tiridates, vol. 3. pl. Q3y delguesipoiaee — Varanes, vol. 3. pl. 31. f. 1, 2. p- 42. Vanessa Amestris, vol. 3. pl. 20. f. 3, 4. p. 27. Anacardii, vol. 3. pl. 4. f. 1, 2. p. 5. Charonia, vol. 1. pl. 15. f. 1,2. p. 27. Delius, vol. 3. pl. 14. f. 5, 6. p. 69. Pelarga, vol. 3. pl. 27. f. 1, 2. p. 31. Terea, vol. 2. pl. 18. f. 3, 4. p. 36, Cynthia Huntera, vol. 1. pl. 5. f. 1. p. 10. — Laomedia, vol. 1. pl. 5. f. 3. p. 12. Hipparchia Andromeda, vol. 3. pl. 38. f. 3. p- 52. ————-— Cluena, vol. 3. pl. 7. f. 5, 6. p.9. Eumea, vol. 1. pl. 2. f. 3. p- o. ——v— Leda, vol. 1. pl. 15. f. 5, 6. p. 28. ———— Nereis, vol. 3. pl. 35. f. 2, 3. p. 47. Heetera Philoctetes, vol. 2. pl. 1. f. 1, 2, 3. p.- 1. Biblis Ariadne ? yol. 3. pl, 11. f.3, 4. p. 14. —-— Hiarbas, vol. 3. pl. 14. f. 1,2. p. 18. —— llithyia, vol. 2. pl. 17. f. 1, 2. p. 32. —— undularis, vol. 2. pl. 10. f. 1, 2. p. 18. Morpho Laertes, vol. 3. pl. 15. f. 1. p. 19. Family: LyC®NIDZ. Erycina Ampyx, vol. 3. pl. 9. f. 2, ¢ oie 125 ——— Baucis, vol. 3. pl. 12. f. 3, -p. 15. LEPIDOPTERA continued. Erycina Jarbas, vol. 3. pl. 8 —_— Lysippus, vol. 1. pl. 2 2 Menetas, vol. 3. pl. 8. f. Polyommatus Isis, vol. 2. pl. 3. —_— Thero, vol. 1. pl. Thecla Acis, vol. 1. pl. 1. f. 2. p. 3. Faunus, vol. 2. pl. 1. f. 4, 5. p. 2. Oreas, vol. 3. pl. 34. f. 2, a p. 46. Pan, vol. 2 2. pl. 23. f. 2 cae Phaleros, =a 3. pl. 26. Simaethis, vol. 1. pl. 1. e 5 Sylvanus, all 2. pl. 3. Thetis, vol. 2. pl. 9: f. HESPERIID. D- 3. f. 2, 3, 4. Family . Hesperia Arcas, vol. 1. ae 19. f. 5, o p- 36. —— Helops, vol. 3. pl. 33. f. 2, 3. p. 45. ———— Iphis, vol. 2. pl. 15. f. 3, 4. Me 30 — Ophion, vol. 3. pl. 17. f. 1, 2. p. 23. f. 3, 4. p. 23. Pamphila Metis, vol. 2. pl. 16. f. 3, 4. p-31. —— Phyleus, vol. 1. pl. 13. f. 4, 5 p- 20. Section : 2 Family : URANIIDE. Urania Rhipheus, vol. 2. pl. 23. f. 1, 42. Nyctalemon Patroclus, vol. pl. 8. f. 1. p. 13. Family: CASTNIIDAB. Castnia Licus, vol. 1. pl. 16. f. 1, 2. p Thais, vol. 3. pl. 16. f. 4. p. 22. 29. Section: CREPUSCULARIA. Family : SPHINGID®. Sphinx Achemon, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 1. p. Alope, vol. 1. pl. 27. f. 1. p. 52. Anteeus, vol. 2. p. 25. f. 1. p. 47. —— Brontes, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 4. p. 56. —— Carolina, vol. 1. pl. 25. f. 1. p. 47. —— — cingulata, vol. 1. pl. 25. f. 4. p. 49. ——— Ello, vol. 1. pl. 27. f. 3. p. 54. Ficus, vol. 2. pl. 26. f.1. p. 48. —— Hyleus, vol. 2. pl. 26. f. 3. p. 49. Idrieus, vol. 3. pl. 2. f. 2. p. 3. ——— Pinastri, vol. 1. pl. 27. f. 2. p. 53. ——— Satellita, vol. 1. pl. 29. f.1,2. p.57. Strigiles, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 4. p. 57. ———- Vitis, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 1. p. 64. Deilephila Alecto, vol. 2. pl. 27. f. 4. p. 51. —— Chiron, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 3. p.51. Clotho, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 1. p. 52. Euphorbie, vol. 1. pl. 29.. f. 3: p- 58. Nessus, vol. 2. pl. 27. tersa, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 3. p. ¢ Smerinthus Astylus, vol. 2. pl. 26. f 48. p. 47. Macroglossa Passalus, vol. 2. pl. 29. f. 2. p- 55. — zonata, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 5. p. 52. Thyreus lugubris, vol. 1. pl. 28. f. 2. p “BD. — (Endamus) Orion, vol. 3. pl. 17. re) z Teaple 7eet ae f 1. p. 50. — Jamaicensis, vol. 2. pl. 25. f. 2 92 LEPIDOPTERA continued. Section: ——? Family: ZYG#NIDR. Zygena Thetis, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 4. p. 52. Z£geria? plumipes, vol. 3. pl. 2. f. 3. p. 3. tibialis, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 2. p. 52. Glaucopis® astreas, vol. 2 pole 28.f.4. p. 5 3. —coarctata, vol. 2. pl. 27. f.2 p-50. fenestrata, vol. 1. pl. 25. f. 3. p. 49. ———— ? Phaleenoides, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 6. p- 54. — Pholus, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 3. p. 53. ——-—-— Polymena, vol. 1. pl. 26. f. 1. p- 50. Zgocera amabilis, vol. 2. pl. 13. f. 3. p. 25. Syntomis Cerbera, vol. ig pl. 26. f. 2. p. 51. — fenestrata, vol. 2. pl. 28. f. 5. p- o4. Phegea, vol. L. pl. 25. f. 2. p. 48. Aglaope plumipes, pl. 27. f. 3. p. 51. Section : NOCTURNA. Family : HEPIALIDA. Hepialus crassus, vol. 3. pl. 2. f. 1. p. 2. Cossus Laocoon, vol. 3. pl. 3. f. 1. p. 3. Family: BoMBYCID® (AND NoTo- DONTIDZ.) Saturnia Alinda, vol. 3. pl. 19. p. 26. Argus, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 1. p. 39. Cecropia, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 2. p. pe ———— Cynthia, vol. 2. pl. G. f. 2. p. Epimethea, vol. 2. pl. 13. f a p- 24. — Lucina, Io! 34. f. 1. p. 45. ———— Maia, vol. 2. pl. 24. f. 3. p. 45. Mylitta, vol. 2. pl. 5. f. 1. p. 10. Pheedusa, vol. 3. pl. 24,’ & 25. p. 34. Promethea, vol. 2. pl. 11. f. 1, 2. go pl. 12. £.1,2. Q p. 20. Actias Luna, vol. 1. pl. 24. f. 1. p. 46. Ceratocampa imperialis, vol. 1. pl. 9. f. 1, 2. p- 17. Dryocampa Virginiensis, vol. 2. pl. 13. f. 2. p- 24. Odonestis? Servula, vol. 2. pl. p- 23. Gastropacha? Otus,* vol. 1. pl. 16. f. 3. p. 30. Endromis Rhodope, vol. 2. pl. 22. f.3.p. 31. Petasia? ministra, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 3. p. 27. Family: ARncTtIrp® (& LITHOSIIDE.) Arctia menea, vol. 3. pl. 3. f. 3. p. 4. Spilosoma Acrea, vol. 1. pl. 3. f. 2, 3. p. 7. —— Arge, vol. ]. pl. 18. f. 3. p. 33. Cunea, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 4. p. 34. Egle, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 3. p. 38. Nais, vol. 1. pl. 7. f. 3. p. 15. Nemeophila figurata, vol. 2. pl. 12. f. 4. . 23. Tapaet rivulosa, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 5. p. 28. Limacodes? Arenacea, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 1. p. 32. Heleonia papilionaris, vol. 2. pl. 2. f.4. ae . Callimorpha Ccenea, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 3. p. 29. ik, se 2b LEPIDOPTERA continued. Callimorpha? Cafra, vol. 3. pl. 5. f. 1. p. 6. ? Diaphana, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 4. p-. 31. —— Epimenis, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 2. p- 40. ? Eucharis, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 6. p- 32. ? Famula, vol. 2. pl. 11. f. 3. p. 22. ? Glaucopis, vol. 2. pl. 6. f. 4. p- 14. —————? Helcita, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 4. p- 41. —— ? marginata, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 2. p- 40. — ? Mopsa, vol. 3. pl. 3. f. 4. p. 4. ? Nerina, vol. 3. pl. 5. f. 2. p.6. ? Phileta, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 5. p. 32. Phyllira, vol. 1. pl. 7. f. 2. p- 15. —— ? Pylotis, vol. 2. pl. 5. f. 3. p- 11. ——? sanguiflua, vol. 2. pl. 20. f.1, 2. p. 37. — ? Venosa, vol. 1. pl. 23. f. 4. p- 43. Lithosia? Ino, vol. 3. pl. 29. f. 3. p. 40. Deiopeia astrea, vol.2. pl. 6. f. 3. bella, vol. 1. pl. 24. f. 3. p. 46. ornatrix, vol. 1. pl. 24. f. 2. p. 46. ? puella, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. 2. p. 3. Gnophria? collaris, vol. 3. pl. 21, f.2. p. 28. Family : Nocturp2. Noctua anilis, vol. 7. pl. 12. f. 3. p. 23. chera, vol. 2. pl. 20. f. 4. p. 38. guttata, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 1. p. 30. —? Hesione, vol. 3. pl. 22. f. 2. p. 30. (Calyptra) Ingubris, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 5. p.29: lunata, vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 3. p. 37. (Aconutia) margaritata, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 6. p. 30. —— Melicerta, vol. 1. pl. 23. f.1. p. myrtea, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. 3. p.3 Numeria, vol. 1, pl. 23. f. 5. p. 44. (Acontia?) nundina, vol. 1. pl. 18. f. 5. p. 35. Pales, vol. 1. De 23. f. 3. p. 43. 2? speciosa, vol. 2. pl. 5. f. 2. p. 10. squamularis, vol. 1. pl. 9. f. 3. p.18 tristris, vol. 3. pl. 21. f. 1. p. 28. undularis, vol. 1. pl. 9. f. 4. p. 19. Catocala affinis, vol. 1. pl. 23. f. 6. p. 44. Epione, vol. 1. pl. 23. f.2. p. 43 Triphzna materna, vol. 2. pl. 13. f. 4. p. 26. Erebus crepuscularis? vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 1, 2. p. 37. Edusa, vol. 2 aE 24. f. fluctuosus, vol. 2. pl. —w— Hercyna, vol. 2 pl. 24, —— hieroglyphicus, vol. 2. pl. 2. f. il p. odora, vol. 1. pl. 3. f. 1. p. 6. -——-—? opigena, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 4. p. 41. Zenobia, vol. 3. pl. 39. p. 53. Family : GEOMETRID. Gsawe se argentata, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 2 27. 42. 4. 4. f. * I believe this species to belong to the genus Magasoma. Bdv. LEPIDOPTERA continued. Geometra (Peecilophasia) fulvata, vol.3. pl. 21. f. 4. p. 29. (Angerona) serrata, vol. 1. pl. 20. f. 4. p. 38. transversata, vol. 1. pl. 8. f. 2. p. 16. Bupalus catenarius, vol. 1. pl. 8. f. 3. p. 16 Alcis scolopacea, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 1. p. 40 Venilia Sospeta, vol. 2. pl. 22. f. 3. p. 41. Family: PYRALID2. Botys (Desmia) sericea, vol. 2. pl. 6. f. 1. p- 11. Hydrocampa ? nivalis, vol. 2. pl. 14. f. 4. p- 28. Order: HEMIPTERA. Suborder: HETEROPTERA. Family: SCUTELLERID. Scutellera Drurei, vol. 1. pl. 42. f. 1, 5 p- 89. Spherocoris Annulus, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 9. p- 68. Pentatoma bicolorata, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 2. p.- 58. — catena, vol. 3. Be 46. f. 1. p. 64. flavicollis, vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 4. p- 72. —. pulchella, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 8. p. 67. — regia, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 6. p. 66. ———_ —— rutilans, vol.) 3. pl. 46. f. 5. p. 66. — spectabilis, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 4. p- 66. Raphigaster incarnatus, vol. 2. pl. 36. f. 5. p. 72. validus, vol. 2. pl. 38. f.4. p.81. vol. 3. pl. 45. f.6. p. 63, 93 HEMIPTERA continued. Edessa virens, vol. 3. pl. 46.f. 2. p. 65. Tesseratoma papillosa, vol. 1. pl. 43. f. 2 p. 91. Aspongopus Janus, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 7. p. 67. Phizea corticata, vol,2. pl. 40. f. 2. p. 86. Family: CorE1p2. Cerbus falx, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 2. p. 62. —? flaveolus, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 3. p. 58. sanctus, vol. 3. pl. 45. f.5. p. 63. umbrosus, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 7. p. 64. Diactor latipes, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 3. p. 62. Leptoscelis balleatus, vol. 1. pl. 48. f. 3. p. me —— pictus, 101. Family : LYGmIpR. Pyrrhocoris Princeps, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 5. p. 59. Largus Lineola, vol. 3. pl. 46. f. 3. p. 65. Family: Repuvi1p2. Reduvius (Conorhinus) variegatus, vol. 1 pl. 45. f. 5. p. 103. Arilus serratus, vol. 3. pl. 36. f. 6. p. 73. Diaspidius seapha, vol. 3. pl. 43. f. 4. p. 59. Ectrichodia barbicornis, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 1. p- 61. Hammatocerus conspicillaris, vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 8. p. 64. purcis, 63. Suborder : Family : Cicada maculata, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 1. p. 74. — Stridula, vol. 2. pl. 37. f.2. p. 75. HOMOPTERA. CICADID. Family : FULGORID®. Fulgora Diadema, vol. 3. pl. 50. f. 4. p. 78. THE END. vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 1. p. vol. 3. pl. 45. f. 4. p. HEMIPTERA continued. Aphana lanata, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 3. p. 75. Flata ? pupa, vol. 3. pl. 48. f. 1. p. 71. CERCOPIDA. 2. pl. 38. f. 5, 6. Family : Tettigonia sanguinea, vol. p. 81. DIPTERA. TABANID. Tabanus Americanus, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 3. plumbeus, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 2. p. 97. Order : Family : Family: MYDASID. Mydas clayatus, vol. 1. pl. 44. f. 1. p..97. Family: BOMBYLIID®. Bombylius plumipes, vol. 2. pl. 39. f. 3. p- 83. Family: SYRPHIDA. Eristalis cinctus, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 6. p. 103. Milesia Virginiensis, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 6. p- 77. Family: Muscrp&. Echinomyia hirta, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 4. p. 102. pilosa, vol. 1. pl. 45. f. 7. p. 104. Order: THYSANURA. Family. LEPISMIDZ. Lepisma collaris, vol. 2. pl. 37. f. 5. p. 76. Order: CHILOGNATHA. Family: SULIDA. Polydesmus (Fontaria) virginiensis, vol. 1 pl. 43. f. 8. p. 96. G. NORMAN, PRINTER, MAIDEN LANE, COVENT GARDEN. ERRATA. Vol. I. p. 2. Mote. The African species here alluded to is Nymphalis (Charaxes) Pollux figured in Vol. 3. pl. 30. fig. 1, 2. p- 40. Glaucopis Polymena, Plate XXVI. fig. 1. p- 71. dele Copris—lege onitis. —— Syn. Olivierii et Fabricii, et adde Syn. Onitis Nicanor, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 29. Tabl. Col. 2. t. 15. f. 8. p- 89. Sub. galerita Americana. Confer. Klug. Jahrb. der Entomol. 1. p. 63. et adde Syn. Galerita bicolor. Klug. loc. cit. p. 97. Tabanus americanus, Plate XLIV. fig. 3. p- 106. line 10. pro seems lege seem. Myrmeleon americanum, Plate XLVI. fig. 4. Passim pro Bauvois lege Beauvyois. Vol. IL. p. 27. line 30, pro Nolodontide lege Notodontide. p. 30. line 25. pro Plate XLV. lege Plate XVI. p- 33. line 31. pro Plate XVIIL. lege Plate XVII. p. 35. line 26. pro Plate XVII. lege Plate XVIII. p- 71. line 5. adde ? post gigantea. p- 81. line 16. pro Vol. 2. lege Vol. 3. p- 97. line 17. pro Plate XVIII. lege XLVIII. a , - eo ~ “> is at = - . aad . F e ee Cole Th LSNI NVINOSHLINS Saluvyugi7_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSN! 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