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ILLUSTRATIONS

OF

TYPICAL SPECIMENS

OF

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

IN

THE COLLECTION

OF

THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

Part VII—By ARTHUR GARDINER BUTLER.

LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
SOLD AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, 8.W.;

AND BY

LONGMANS & Co., 39 PATERNOSTER ROW ;
B. QUARITCH, 15 PICCADILLY ; ASHER & Co., 13 BEDFORD STREET, COVENT GARDEN ;
anp TRUBNER & Co., 57 LUDGATE HILL.

1889.

FLAMMAM,

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET,

PREFACE.

Tue present part of the ‘ Illustrations ’ contains an account of a collection of Macro-Lepi-
doptera Heterocera made in the district of Kangra by the Rev. J. H. Hocking in the years

1877-79, chiefly at Dharmsala.

Mr. Hocking has kindly supplied me with the following particulars as regards the district
and localities where he collected the insects:—‘‘ The Kangra district extends from the
Ravee to the Sutlej, and comprises 8000 square miles of country. In addition to Kangra
proper, extending from Hooshiarpur to Bygnath on the Mundi boundary, the district includes
Kulu, a valley at the foot of the Rotang Pass, where the Blue Beas, one of the five rivers of
the Punjab, takes its rise and spends its infancy and youth, and has in its immediate neigh-
bourhood, and under the District Officers, the important and picturesque States of Mundi,
Suchet, Chumba, Goleir, Lumbagiraon, &e. Dharmsala is the Headquarter Station of the
District Officers, and is 6200 feet above the level of the sea; Kangra Fort standing some
2300 feet in the valley, which slopes gradually from Puthankote, on the plaims of the
Punjab, to Palampore, where the elevation is 4000 feet. The district extends to the boun-
daries of British Thibet at the head of the Kulu valley, and its highest mountains reach

to 18,000 feet, those in Lahore (just over the boundary) rising to 21,000 feet.”

The number of species amounts to upwards of 780, and many of them were reared from
larvee, of which a very instructive series was prepared by Mr. Hocking by inflation and is in

an admirable state of preservation.

As the collection is evidently sufficiently complete to give a good idea of the composition

of the Lepidopterous Fauna of this district, it seemed useful not to limit this part of the

lv PREFACE.

‘ Tllustrations’ to the description of the types of the new species, but to add a nominal list of

all the species contained in the collection. >

It was at first intended that Mr. F. Moore should undertake the examination of this
collection ; but as his other engagements would have delayed the publication for some years,
this work devolved upon Mr. Butler. However, Mr. Moore had examined and named some
of the specimens some time previously and published diagnoses in the ‘ Proceedings of the
Zoological Society,’ 1888, pp. 890-412. In some instances there are discrepancies between
that paper and the present work as regards the localities at which certain species were
obtained. The localities are given here on the authority of Mr. Hocking, who has been kind

enough to look over the proof-sheets.

With reference to the characteristics of the Lepidopterous Fauna of Kangra, Mr. Butler
states that, “with the light thrown upon certain forms by the series of variations secured by
Mr. Hocking, it has been found impossible to keep some of these forms distinct from those
of Europe and Japan; the Lepidoptera of these countries are, indeed, more numcrously

represented at Dharmsala than in any other part of India which has been equally well

explored.”

ALBERT GUNTHER,
Keeper of the Department of Zoology.

British Museum, N. H., January 22, 1889.

ILLUSTRATIONS

OF

TYPE SPECIMENS

OF

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA.

SYSTEMATIC LIST

OF

SPECIES COLLECTED BY THE Rry. J. H. HOCKING, CHIEFLY AT DHARMSALA AND KANGRA.

[ When not otherwise stated, Dharmsala is the locality of the species. |

SPHINGID. | RHOPALOPSYCHE, Buti.

HEMARIS, Dalm. nycteris, Koll.

saundersiil, Walk.
CHAROCAMPA, Dup.

macromera, Buti.

Kila.
fuciformis, Zinn.

simillima, Moore. thyelia, Linn.

Kangra. alecto, Linn.
celerio, Linn,

CEPHONODES, Hith. oldenlandiz, Fab.
hylas, Linn.

AMPELOPHAGA, Brera.

MACROGLOSSA, Scop.
fasciosa, Moore. De Zoe ble CXR

stellatarum, Linn.
Kuala.

belis, Cram. | DAPHNIS, Hud.

bombylans, Bdv. nerii, Linn.
Kangra. | Cashmere.

DEILEPHILA, Ochs.
livornica, Leach.
Kula.
ACOSMERYX, Biv.

naga, Moore.
Kala.
DILUDIA, Grote.
abietina, Bd.
Kangra.
melanomera, Butl.

Kangra.

PROTOPARCE, Buri.

orientalis, Butl.

NEPHELE, //iih.

morpheus, /wb.

ACHERONTIA, Hub.
styx, Westw.
Kuala.
morta, Hub.
LANGIA, Moore.

zenzeroides, Moore.

TRIPTOGON, Prem.
dyras, Walk.
albicans, Butl.

Kangra.

POLYPTYCHUS, Hu.

trilineatus, Moore.

CLANIS, Hub.
exusta, Butl.
IKangra.
AMBULYX, Schac{y.
placida, Moore.

rubiginosa (as Dahira), Moore *.

rubescens, Butl.

Mundi.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

pAzonPl CROML a |

p. 25, Pl. CXXI. f. 1.

p. 26, Pl. CXXL f. 2.

COSSIDA.

COSSUS, Mab.
leuconotus, Walk.
Kangra.

ZENZERA, Latr.

multistrigata, Moore.

PSYCHID.

BARANDRA, Moore.

fumata, Moore.
DASARATHA, Moore.

himalayana, Moore f.

MAHASENA, JVoore.

hockingii, Moore.

p. 27, Pl. CXXI f. 5.

Succoor, Kangra Valley.

AGARISTID AL.

MIMEUSEMIA, Butl.
peshwa, Moore.

ZEGOCERA, Latr.

venulia, Cram.

| CHALCOSIIDA.

CHALCOSIA, Hib.
ideoides, H.-Sch.
albata, Moore.

SORITIA, Walk.
leptalina, Koll.

var. pulchellu, Koll.

CAMPYLOTES, Westw.

histrionicus, Hope.

GYNAUTOCERA, Guér.

papilionaria, Guér.
Kangra.

fraterna, Moore.
Calcutta.

p. 27, Pl. OXXI. f. 7.

* This species was labelled “| Dahira rubescens,” and consequently was figured as Ambulyw rubescens :

the reason for the change of name does not appear in Mr. Moore’s description.

+ The types of Moore’s genera Barandra and Dasaratha are in such very poor condition and so dis-

torted, that it is impossible to figure them.

SYSTEMATIC LIST. 5)

BORADIA, Moore.

earneola, Moore.

p- 27, Pl. CXXI. f. 8.
Kangra.

AGALOPE, Walk.
basalis, Walk.

ANOM@OTES, eld.
basalis (as Akesina), Moore.
p. zo, Pl CXXT. £9.

TRYPANOPHORA, Ao//.

semihyalina, Koll.

Kangra.
ZYG/ENID 2.

ZYGAENA, Fab.

kaschmirensis, Aol/,

SYNTOMIS, Ochs.
bicincta, Koll.
Kangra.
liberta, Walk.
Kangra.
cyssea, Cram.

Kangra.

ERESSA, Walk.
confinis, Walk.
Kala.
TASEMA, Walk.
bipars, Walk.

ARTONA, Buti.
fulvida, Butl.
Kangra.
zebraica, Butl.
Kangra.
quadrimaculata, Moore.

PROCRIS, Fad.
stipata, Walk.

ARCTIID A.
ALPENUS, Walk.

multiguttatus, Walk.
larva.

p. 120, Pl. CXXXYVIII. f. 9.

ANDALA, Joore.
unifascia, Walk.
Kangra.
larva. p. 120, Pl. CXXXVIIT. f. 11.
DIPHTERA, Ochs.
fasciata, Moore.
Laka.

p. 30, Pl. CXXIT. f. 1.

PLATAPLECTA, Butl.
soluta, Walk.

RHODOGASTRIA, Jib.

sanguinolenta, Drury.

SPILARCTIA, But.
lacteata, Bul. (larva only).
p- 121, Pl. CXXXVIII. f. 2.
dalbergee, Moore. p. 28, Pl. CXXII. f. 2.
howqua, Moore. p. 28, Pl. CXXIL. f. 3.
casigneta, Aol,

THYRGORINA, Moore.
p. 29, Pl. OXXIL. ff. 4, 5.
p. 121, Pl. CXXXVIIL. ¢. 4.

dorsalis, Moore.
larva.

SEIRARCTIA, Pack.
quadriramosa, Koll,
larva. p. 121, Pl. CXXXYVITII. f. 1.
PHISSAMA, Moore.
transiens, Walk.
vacillans, Walk.

LACHANA, Moore.
ladakensis, Moore. p. 30, Pl. CXXI. f. 6.
Ladak,

RAJENDRA, Moore.
pannosa, Moore.
larva.

p. 121, Pl. CXXXVIII. f. 8.
tripartita, Walk., var. ?

ALOPE, Walk.
ricini, Fab.

Kangra.

4 SYSTEMATIC LIST.

MELANARKEAS, Buti.
imperialis, Aoll.
Kangra.

HYPERCOMPA, Jit.
plagiata, Walk.
principalis, Aol,
larva,

LITHOSIIDA.
DIGAMA, Moore.

hearseyana, Moore *.

ARGINA, Walk.

argus, Koll. (from Capt. Reed’s coll.).

MILTOCHRISTA, Hi.
pretiosa, Moore. Dol BION t. O.
congerens, Fuld.
Kangra.
excurrens, Walk.
Kangra.
linga, Moore.
Kangra.
palmata, Moore.

Kangra.

DEIOPEIA, Steph.
pulchella, Linn.
Kangra.

BIZONE, Walk.
puella, Drury.
guttifera, Walk.

Kila.
adita, Moore.
gazella, Moore.

DOLICHE, Walk.
gelida, Walk.
Kangra.

CYANA, Walk.
detrita, Walk.

p. 122, Pl. CXXXVIIL f.

3. |

SETINOCHROA, Jd.
infumata, Feld.

SETINA, Schr.
dharma, Moore.
dasara, Moore.

Kala.

p. 32, Pl, CKXIL #f. 7, 8.

CHALLA, Joore.
quadrimaculata, Moore.
p- 32, Pl. CXXII. f. 9.
calamaria, Moore (Setina).
Palampore.

AEMENE, Walk.
subcinerea, Moore.
Kala.
inconstans, Moore. p. 33, Pl. CXXII. f. 11.

p. 88, Pl. CX XM: f, 12)

sagittifera, Joore.

CALLINOLA, Buti.
scripta, Moore (Reeselia).
p. 34, Pl. CXXII. f. 13.

LEBENA, Walk.
angulata, Moore (Reeselia),
p. dt, Pl. CXXIn GA:
fraterna, Moore (Reselia).

CAPISSA, Moore.
pallens, Moore.
vagesa, Moore.

KATHA, Moore.

nigrifrons, Aoore.

COSSA, Walk.
pallida, Moore.

CHRYSORABDIA, Buti.
bivitta, Walk.

SIMAREEA, Moore.

lurida, Butl. p. 34, PI. CXXII. f. 10.

* Mr. Moore had distinguished the examples of this species by two different names, some being

smaller and darker than others; as, however, these specimens have not been characterized in his recent
paper, it seems probable that he has since seen reason to estimate them at their true value.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

HYPSIDA.

LACIDES, Walk.
ficus, Fab.
Kangra.

DAMALIS, Hib.
plaginota, Butl.

TRIPURA, Aoore.

prasena, Moore.

CALLIDULIDA.
PTERODECTA, Bul.

anchora, Pagens. *

LIPARID.
HIMALA, Moore.
argentea, Walk. (Capt. Reed’s coll.).

GAZALINA, Walk.
chrysolopha, Koll.

EUPROCTIS, Hub.
antica, Walk.
abdominalis, Moore.
Kula. p. 35, Pl. CX XIII. ff. 4, 5.
lunata, Walk. (Capt. Reed’s coll.).

PORTHESIA, Steph.
xanthorrhiea, Koll.

Kangra.

CH@ROTRICHA, /uld.
sulphurescens, Aoore.
poo, Pl CXXUL i. 6:7.
Kangra Valley, 4000 ft.
vitellina, Aoll,

larva. pale, PIC XX XVINE tf 13.
plana, Walk.
larva. p22, Pl CXX AV IT. £..5,
Kangra.

corr

ARTAXA, Walk.
pusilla, AZoore.
Kangra.
euttata, Walk.
Palampore.
scintillans, Walk.
justicie, Moore.
larva. p. 123, Pl. CXXXVIIL. f. Le.

PANTANA, Walk.

circumdata, Walk.

TRISULOIDES, Bul.
sericea, Butl.
cerulea, Butl. p. oo, Pl. CXXYVIIL £. 3;

CHARNIDAS, Walk.
litura, Walk.

Kula.
umbrina, Moore.
Kula.
exclamationis, Aol.
larva. p. 123, Pl OXXX VIL: f, 6:

p. 36, Pl. CXXIIL. f. 8.

PARORGYIA, Puch.
dalbergie, Moore. p. 37, Pl. CXXIIL. tf. 9-11.
larva. p. 123, Pl, CAXXVILT £12:
Kangra Valley.

PORTHETRIA, Hub.
aryama, Moore.
Kangra.
obfuscata, Walk.
Kulu.

LYMANTRIA, Hub.
concolor, Walk.
carnecolor, Moore.
superans, Ialk.
nigra, .Woore. Derg CNCXGMM ate 2s

Kangra.

mathura, Moore.

* Named by Mr. Moore about 25 years ago, but only described in his recent paper on Mr. Hocking’s

Lepidoptera, too late to secure priority.

6 SYSTEMATIC LIST.

DASYCHIRA, Steph. SATURNIIDA.
kausalia, Moore. ANTHERAA, Hiib.
larva. p. 124, Pl. CKXXVIII. f. 7. sivalica, Hutt.
Kangra. | Kangra.
nebulosa, Hutt.
Kangra.

LASIOCAMPID A.

EUPTEROTE, iid.
fraterna, Moore. p38, Pl. CAXIMT-f 1,

Q var. fraterna, Moore.
Kangra.

roylei, Moore.

CALIGULA, Moore.

simla, Westw.

SANGATISSA, Joore.

triseriata, Budi. a
assama, Westw.

Kangra. *
Kangra.
GANISA, Walk. ACTIAS, Leach.
plana, Walk. selene, Hib.
Kangra.
ES GU SATURNIA, Schr.
nobilis, Walk. hockingii, Moore. pp. 39, Pl. CXXIV. ff. 2, 3.
Kult.

ODONESTIS, Germ.

Ving t
lata, Walk. PHILOSAMIA, Grote

canningil, Hutt,

Kangra.
Kangra.
TRABALA, Walk. LIMACODIDA..
sulphurea, Koll. EURABILA, Butl.
lignea, Butl. p. 40, Pl. CXXVIIL f. 6.
ESTIGENA, Moore.
nandina, Moore. PARASA, Walk.
pastoralis, Butl.
GASTROPACHA, Ochs. lepida, Cram.
undulifera, Walk. | Kangra.
hockingii, Moore. p. 40, Pl. CXXIV. f. 4.
TARAGAMA, Moore. angre:
castanoptera, Moore, p. 38, Pl. CXXIV. f. 1. APHENDALA, Walk.
Kangra. fasciata, Moore. p. 41, Pl. CXXIV. f. 6.
transversata, Walk.
BHIMA, Moore. var. tripartita, Moore *.
undulosa, Walk. nararia, Moore (Parasa).
conspersa, Butl.
VARMINA, Moore. quadrinotata, Moore (Miresa).
indica, Walk. Kuala.

* Some of Mr. Hocking’s examples are intermediate between the two forms.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

CANIA, Walk.
bilinea, Walk.
suffusa, Moore (Miresa).

p. 41, Pl. CXXIY., f. 5.

BOMBYCIDA.

BOMBYX, Schr.
huttonii, Westw.

ERNOLATIA, Walk.
lactea, Hutt.

TRILOCHA, Joore.
albicollis, Walk.

DREPANULIDE.

DREPANA, Schr.
lilacina, Moore. p- +1, Pl. CXXIV. f.
simillima, Moore. p. 42, Pl. CXXIV. f.

AGNIDRA, Moore.
violacea, But. p. 42, Pl. CXXLY. f.

PERIDREPANA, Buil.
hyalina, Joore (Drepana).

oe

Kula. p. 43, Pl. CXXY, f. 1.

AUZATA, Walk.
semipavonaria, Walk,

Kulu.

MACRAUZATA, Buti.
specularis, Moore.
Kangra.

MACROCILIX, Butl.
mysticata, Walk.

PROBLEPSIS, Hub.
delphiaria, Giuén.

Kangra.

vulgaris, Butl. p. 43, Pl CAV. £2.

Kangra.
apollinaria, G'uén.
Kala.

CERURIDA.
MOMA, Jib.
champa, Moore.

DICRANURA, Latr.

|

himalayana, Moore (Cerura).

NYCTEOLID.
EARIAS, Hib.
frondosana, Walk.
Kala.

chromataria, Walk.

fervida, Walk,
Kula.

marginata, Walk.

NOTODONTIDA.

STAUROPUS, Germ.
berberisee, Moore.

PERIDEA, Steph.

p. 44, Pl. OXXV. f. 3.

p. 44, Pl CXXYV. f. 4.

basistriga, Moore (Heterocampa).

TRIANA, Hib.
denticulata, Moore.
maxima, Moore.

Kala.

HYBOMA, Hib.
divisa, Moore.
umbrifera, Butt.

EUSCOTIA, Buti.

inextricata, Moore.

CALLZENIA, Hib.
albescens, Moore.
Kulu.

PHEOSIA, Hub.

fasciata, Moore.

ICHTHYURA, Hub.
fulgurita, Walk.

p. 45, Pl. CXXV. ££. 5, 6.

p. 45, Pl. CXXV. f. 8.

p. 45, Pl. CAXYV. f. 7.
p- 46, Pl. CXXVI. f. 1.

p. 47, Pl. CXXYV. ff. 9, 10,

8 SYSTEMATIC LIST,

CALPE, Treit. LEUCANIID/.
rectistria, Guén. ALETIA, Ji).

HYPOCALPE, Bul. | exanthemata, Moore.

| p. 50, Pl. CXXVI. f. 6.
rudis, Moore. Dp: 50; BIC XSVAy th eienee
fraterna, Moore. p. 50, Pl. CXXVI. f. 9.
ORASIA, Guén. albicosta, Moore.

emarginata, Fab. |

fasciata, Moore.
Kangra.

var. tentans, Walk.
3 alliciens, Walk.
Kangra.

LEUCANIA, Fuh.

l-album, Gmel. *

rufistrigosa, Moore.

ROSAMA, Walk. | var. rufescens, Moore.

mae | > A Vea
plusioides, Moore. nareda, Feld.

Kangra. sinuosa, Moore.

nigrolineosa, Moore.

INGURA, Giuén. | duplicuta, Bul.
TaGUITenes HIE prominens, Moore (nec Walk.) +.
venalba, Moore.

| percisa, Moore. p.51, Pl. CXXVI. ff. 10, 11.
bifasciata, Moore.

subapicalis, Walk.

CYMATOPHORIDZ. p: ol, bl. CXX VIE fala:
HABROSYNE, Aiih. | commoides, Gueén.
fraterna, Moore. p47, Pl COON. 11. TSC CECA NC SRC:
irrorata, Moore. p. 51, Pl. CXXVI. f. 12.
THYATIRA, /iib. loreyi, Dup.
collecta, Walk.

batis, var. cognata, Moore. ;
p. 48, Pl. OXXV. £12 unipuncta, Haw.

. Os . aha . « tae
extranea, Guén.

POLYPLOCA, Hib.
orbicularis, Moore (Palimpsestis).
p. 48; PI-CXXVIVE. 2:
albidisea, Warr. p. 49, Pl. CKXVL £3. indica, Walk.
* renalis, Moore (Palimpsestis). |
p. 49) Pl CXXVI, f.4.7)

RHIZOGRAMMA, Led. +.

TYMPANISTES, Moore.

BRYOPHILA, 7'reit. rubidorsalis, Moore.
literata, Moore. p52, Pl OXeXCVeata 5:

\

* Mr. Warren has very rightly sunk ZL. penicillata and bistrigota of Moore as synonyms of this
species ; with a good series of both European and Indian examples none of the supposed distinctive charac-
ters prove to be constant; the Indian specimens appear to be frequently darker on both surfaces than
those from Europe.

7 Exactly like Z. nigrolincosa, excepting that it is much redder in colouring.
¢ Barely separable from Leucania (2. inextricata is not a Rhizogramma).

SYSTEMATIC LIST, y

XYLOPHASIID,

AXYLIA, Hib.
putris, /’ab.
triseriata, Moore.
renalis, Moore.
fasciata, Moore.

var. irrorata, Moore.

Kalu.

XYLOPHASIA, Steph.
repetita, Butl.
sodalis, Butl.

SPODOPTERA, Guén.

nubes, Guén. *

LAPHYGMA, Guén.

exigua, Guén.

PRODENIA, Guén.
retina, Guén.
eiligera, Guen.
glaucistriga, Walk.

CHIRIPHA, Walk.
involuta, Walk.
Kala.

NEURIA, Guén.
auripicta, Butl. p. 53, Pl. CXXYVILI. f. 3.

APAMEIDA.
MAMESTRA, Ochs.

brassice, Linn.
siderifera, Moore (Hadena).
p53, POX. £10:
niveiplaga, Walk. (Hadena).
Kala.

terranea, Butl.

APAMEA, Ochs.
undicilia, Walk.

ps o2, PL CXXVIL ff, 1, 2:

APAMEA.
consanguis, Walk. (Hadena).
latifasciata, Moore.
indistans, Guén. (Hadena).
oculea, Linn.

PERIGEA,
centralis, Walk. t
galaxia, Butl.

BERRESA, Walk.
natalis, Walk.

RADINACRA, Bul.

lineosa, Moore.

CARADRINA,
kadenii, Frey.
farinacea, Moore.
himalayica, Koll.
arenacea, Moore.
fragilis, Butl. (Spelotis).
externa, Walk. (Orthosia).

AMYNA, Guén.

selenampha, G'uén.

ILATTIA, Walk.
renalis, Moore.
cephusalis, Walk.
var. flavigutta, Walk. (Celena),
tornata, Walk. (Miana).
stellata, Butl. (Miana).

var. apicalis, Moore.

NOCTUIDA.

AGROTIS, Ochs.
suffusa, G'mel.
intracta, Walk.
costigera, Moore.

* Described by Walker as Prodenia infecta, insignata, venustula, and permunda ; Laphygma squalida ;
Celena bisignata ; Agrotis transducta and bisignata; and Hadena obliqua.
+ Subsequently described by Walker as Celena serva; Perigea inexacta, cunorufa, and illecta ; Cara-

drina conducta ; Hadena leonina and pauperata.

10 SYSTEMATIC LIST.

AGROTIS. GRAPHIPHORA.
segetum, Schiff*. canescens, Butl.
aversa, Walk. rubicilia, Moore.
certificata, Walk. basistriga, Moore.
repulsa, Walk. cerastioides 2 ?, Moore r.
corticea, Schiff.
fraterna, Moore. OCHROPLEURA, Hii.
biconica, Koll. consanguinea, Moore.
exigua, Koll. triangularis, Moore.
spieulifera, Guén. flammatra, Gimel.

aristifera, Gueén.
Kangra. ORTHOSITDE.
SEMIOPHORA, Steph.
ochracea, Walk. (Oxira) +.
orthosioides, Butl. p. 56, Pl. CNRXVITI. f. 1.
SPELOTIS, Bdv. {Maas Mundi.
ambigua, Butl. p. 54, Pl. CX XVIII. ff. 10, 11. |

TIRACOLA, Joore.
violacea, Butl. p. 54, Pl. CXXVIL. f. 5.

ANCHOCELIS, Guén.
tenuis, Butl. p. of, Pl. CXXYV Mii 2:

CHERSOTIS, Bdv.
Laka.

quadrisigna, Moore.

nivisparsa, Butl. | ORTHODES, Guén.

p. 54, Pl. CXAXVIL f. 11. divisa, Moore (Ipimorpha).

OPIGENA, Bdv. XANTHIA, Ochs.
Species near O. arenosa (rubbed). | sp.? (much worn).
| Kalu.
TRIPHANOPSIS, Buti. |
inepta, Butl p. 55, Pl. CXXVIT. ff. 6, 7. XESTIA, Hub.
diminuta, Butl. p. 55, Pl. CXNXVIL. ff.8,9. | melonina, Butl. D: D1, Ply CXXev lls tae
TRIPHENA, Ochs. | COSMIIDA.

pee sae | COSMIA, Ochs.
uscicollis, Bu . ee ee ey | albipennis, Butl. p. 58, Pl. CXX VII. £.13.

semiherbida, Walk.
HADENID.

GRAPHIPHORA, (cis. | DIANTHACIA, Bav.
c-nigrum, Linn. | auroviridis, Woore (Hadena).
subdolens, Butl. | nivescens, Butl. 105 they Jee COOCIUUE, 1 2

* A. injuncta and turbulenta are probably dark females of this species.

+ The single example obtained corresponds with the male on the upper surface, but the line across
the secondaries on the under surface is nearer to the middle of the wing.

~ This is one of the most variable of the Noctwites ; so much so that Mr. Hocking had separated his
specimens under eight different numbers,

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

BAMRA, Moore.
mundata, Walk. (Agrotis).
Kangra.

EPUNDA, Dup.

mamestrina, Butl p. 59, Pl. CXXVIII. f. 5.

bicolor, Moore (Acronycta).

CANNA, Walk.

splendens, Moore. pp. 59, Pl. CN XVIII. f. 4.

RAPHIA, Hub.

viminalis, Fab.

EUPLEXIA, Steph.
cuprea, Moore.
pectinata, Warr.

HADENA, Schr.

lubrica, Butl. joes (630), 1 (ODO \INEES a OE

KARANA, Moore.

similis, Moore.

p. 60, Pl. CXXVIIL. f. 8.

EUROIS, Hub.
auriplena, Walk.
virens, Butl.

XYLINID A.
AUCHMIS, Hib.

sikkimensis, Moore.

HELIOTHID At.
HELIOTHIS, Ochs.

armigera, Hub,

marginata, Aléem.

scutosa, Schiff.
Kula.

ACONTITDE.

XANTHODES, Guén.
intersepta, Guén.
Kangra.
transversa, Guén.
Kangra.

11

XANTHODES.
stramen, Guén.
kali.

ACONTIA, Ochs.
solaris, Schiff.

Kala.

inda, Feld.
bipunctata, Walk.
vialis, Moore.
meridionalis, Walk.
maculosa, Walk.

plebeia, Butl. p- 61, Pl. CXXIX. f. 3.
plumbata, Butl. p. 61, Pl. CXXIX. f. 4.
nivosa, Swinh,

signifera, Walk.

excisa, Butl. pe Ol, PIO OX MX wil, 556,
picata, Buti. p-. 62, Pl. CX XIX. f. 2.
tegulata, Butl. p. 63, Pl. CXXIX. f. 1.

quadripartita, Walk.
imbuta, Walk. (Erastria).
acerba, Feld.

BANKIA, Guén.

obliqua, Moore. CXXIX. f.

1

p» 63, Pl

renalis, Moore.

ERASTRIDA.
ERASTRIA, Ochs.

unduligera, Butl. pp. 63, Pl. CXXIX. f. 9.

ANTHOPHILIDA.

HYDRELIA, Guén.
auripalpis, Butl. op. 64, Pl. CXXIX. f. 8.

opalescens, Buti, p. 64, Pl. CXXIX. f. 10.

LEPTOSIA, Guén.
contingens, Moore (Metachrostis).
p. 65, Pl. CXXIX. f. 13,

THALPOCHARES, Led.
p. 65, Pl. COXXX. f. 1.
p. 65, Pl. CXXX. f. 2.
p. 66, Pl. CXXX. f. 3.

argentifrons, Buil.
hypenoides, Butl.
roseana, Moore.

ANTHOPHILA,
trilatalis, Walk. (Pyralis).
p. 060; Plo CXXIX£ Ii.
c 2

wa

12 SYSTEMATIC LIST.

NARANGA, Moore.
ferruginea, Moore.
diffusa, Walk. (Xanthopteryx).

MASALIA, Moore.
tosta, Moore. p:
Kali.

GG Pls CAKE, fs

PRADATTA, Moore.
bimaculata, Moore. _p. 67, Pl. CXXIX. f. 12.
beatrix, Moore. Psi Gifin) Dell of CLXEXEXE hens
artaxoides, Moore. op. 68, Pl. CXXX.f. 8.
Kala.
decorata, Moore. p. 68, Pl. CXXX. f. 11.
CURUBASA, Moore.

cruentata, Moore. p: 08; PISO XXX. 1.9)

HICCODA, Moore.

dosaroides, Moore. 269) 7b) CORO 10:

=
UC

OZARBA, Walk.

incondita, Butt. ps 09, Pl CXXX £13;
punctigera, Walk.
venata, Butl. p: 70; "Pl CXXX.f, 12:
ERIOPIDL.
METHORASA, Moore.

latreillei, Dup.

CALLOPISTRIA, Hub.
minuta, Butl. p. 70, Pl. CKXX. f. 4.

yerburii, Budl.

repleta, Walk.

rivularis, Walk.

EURHIPID.
EUTELIA, Hub.

inextricata, Moore.

EUTELIA.
excitans, Butl.
flavillatrix, Walk.

PENICILLARIA, Guén.

maculata, Budl. p. 71, Pl. CXXX. f. 5.

PLUSIILD.
ABROSTOLA, Ochs.

transfixa, Walk.

PLUSIA, Ochs.
orichalcea, Fab.
ornatissima, Walk.
verticillata, Guén.
pyropia, Butt.
albostriata, Walk.
purissima, var., Butl.*

Kali,
nigrisigna, Walk.
ni, Hub.
extrahens, Walk.
ciliaris, Walk.

Kala.
furcifera, Walk.

hebetata, Butt. p. (1, Pl. CXXXE ££.

PLUSIODONTA, Guén.

auripicta, Moore.

GONOPTERID.

COSMOPHILA, Bdv.
xanthindyma, Bdv.
Kala.

ANOMIS, Hub.
figlina, Butl. p. 71, Pl. CXXXI. f. 2.
cervina?, var. instabilis, Buti.
7, 1s (OO.0G 5% 8

ocellata, Budi. p. 72, Pl. CKXXXI. f. 4.

* Only differs from the type in the variable character of the undivided condition of the gamma-like

marking.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

GONITIS, Guén.*
fulvida, Guén.
combinans, Walk.
mesogona, Walk.
Dharmsala and Kula.
involuta, Walk.
Kula.
subulifera, Guén.

AMPHIPYRIDA.
AMPHIPYRA, Ochs.
magna, Walk,
monolitha, Guén.

DINUMMA, Walk.
bipunctata, Motsch.
deponens, Walk.
largetaui, Oberth. (Amphipyra).
varians, Butl.

CALLYNA, Guén.
siderea, Guén.
jugaria, Walk.

Kala.

ELIOCHROEA, Walk.
opulenta, Moore (Epilecta).

curtipalpis, Butl. p. 74, Pl. CXXXI.

TOXOCAMPIDAS.
APOPESTES, Hub.

spectrum, Hsp.

TOXOCAMPA, Guén.
vicixe, Hub.
orientalis, Butl.
cucullata, Moore.

p. 73, Pl. CKXXI. ff. 9, 10.

p. 73, Pl. CXXXI. ff, 5, 6.
ff. 7, 8.

PLECOPTERA, Gueén.

reflexa, Giuén.

POLYDESMIDA.
PANDESMA, Guén.

quenayadi, Guén.
Kangra,

sublimis, var., Meld.

lepida, Moore (Agriopis).

GIRPA, Walk.
sobria, Walk. + (Hriceia).

HOMOPTERID.
ALAMIS, Guén.

umbrina, Guén.

var. albicincta, Guen.

HOMOPTERA, Bdv.
dispila, Walk.

PANILLA, Moore.

apicalis, Butl. p. (4,-PL. CX XAT, £1.

CATEPHIID &.
COCYTODES, Guén.

modesta, Guén.

CATEPHIA, Ochs.

flavescens, Butl op. 74, Pl. CKXXI. f. 12.

ANOPHIA, Guén.

acronyctoides, var., Guén.

ERYGIA, Guén.
usta, Guén.

sigillata, Budl. p. 75, Pl CXXXI. f. 11.

* A single example of apparently a new genus allied to Gonitis was with Mr. Hocking’s examples of
G. mesogona ; the specimen is, however, somewhat stunted in growth, and may prove to be only a distorted

sport of the species.

+ Also characterized as Girpa optativa, G. comitata, Remigia compressa, R. congreguta, R. pertentens,
and &. optatura. Gt. comitata is a yellowish form of the female, which is extremely variable; the male also

varies not a little.

14

LOPHOPTERA, Guén.

costata, Moore.

ODONTODES, Guén.
aleuca, Guén.*
inordinata, Walk.

var. bolinoides, Walk.
subfasciata, Walk.
var. ferruginea, Walk.

STEIRIA, Walk.
chalybea, Buil.

HYPOCALIDA.
HYPOCALA, Guén.

puera, Cram.
subsatura, Guén.

var. aspersa, Butl.

var. limbata, But]. p. 76, Pl. CXXXI. f. 13.
deflorata, Fab.

CATOCALID.
CATOCALA, Ochs.

afghana, Swinh.
inconstans, Butl. p. 76. Pl. CX XXII. ff. 2,3.
dotata, Walk.
distorta, Butl.

Kala.

De (15 BU CXX XIE te 4,

OPHIDERIDA.
OPHIDERES, Bdv.

fullonica, Linn.
tyrannus, Guén.
salaminia, Cram.

POTAMOPHORA, Guén.

manlia, Cram.

EREBID.X.
SYPNA, Guén.
dubitaria, Walk.
punctosa, Walk,

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

SYPNA.
ocularis, Moore.
constellata, Moore.
obscurata, Butl.
saturata, Moore.
pannosa, Moore.
Dharmsala and Kula.
kirbyi, var., Buti.
Kula.
rubrifascia, Moore.
curvilinea, Moore.
eyanivitta, Moore.
var. brunnea, Moore.

ANISONEURA, Guén.

hypocyana, Guén,

OMMATOPHORID As.

SPEIREDONIA, Hub.
substruens, Walk, (Tavia).

PATULA, Guén.

macrops, Linn.

NYCTIPAO, Hii.
exterior, Walk.
var. obliterans, Walk.
albicincta, Koll.
glaucopis, Walk.
crepuscularis, Linn.

HYPOPYRIDA.
SPIRAMA, Guén.

retorta, Linn,
p. 78, Pl. CXXXII. ff. 6-8.
p. 78, Pl. CX XXII. ff.9,10.

confusa, Butl.
rosacea, Butl.
triloba, Walk.

HYPOPYRA, Guén.
shiva, Guén.
extricans, Walk.
vespertilio, Fab.

feniseca, Guén.

* Seven forms of this extremely variable species were separately numbered as distinct.

ENTOMOGRAMMA, Guén.
fautrix, Giuén.
Kangra.

BENDID.

HULODES, Guén.
drylla, Guén.*

OPHIUSIDA.
LAGOPTERA, Guén.

magica, Hub.

elegans, Hoev.
var, juno, Dalm.

dotata, Fab.

OPHIODES, Guen.
tirheea, Cram. T
var. hottentota, Guén.
separans, Walk.
triphxenoides, Walk.
cuprea, Moore.

ACHAEA, Hib.
melicerte, Drury.
combinans, Walk.

CALESIA, Guén.
dasypterus, Koll,
leucostigma, Koll.

DYSGONIA, Hud.
albivitta, Guén.
olympia, Swinh.
latifascia, Warr.
crameri, Moore.

arctoteenia, Guén.

SYSTEMATIC LIST. 15

DYSGONIA.
analis, Guén.

Kangra.

GRAMMODES, Guén.
stolida, Guén.
Kala.
mygdon, Cram.
Kala.

FODINA, Guén.
pallula, Guén.
Kangra.

EUCLIDIID.

TRIGONODES, Guén.
hyppasia, Cram.
var. compar, Walk.
Kangra.
cuneigera, Butl. p. 79, Pl. CXXXIL f. 5.

Kangra.

EUCLIDIA, Ochs.
captata, Butl. pe 79; ELV CAAA fois

Kangra.

| REMIGIIDA.
REMIGIA, Guén.

archesia, Cram.t
discios, Koll.

frugalis, Mab.

AMPHIGONIID A.
_ EPISPARIS, Walk.
varialis, Walk.
| PSIMADA?, Walk.

| cineracea, Butl.

* Unrecognized by Walker, and consequently confounded with H. saturniotdes and H. restorais, the

latter being a combination of both species.

+ The European 0. vesta is very close to, but may be distinct from this. The description of O. hotten-

tota was taken from a faded specimen.

+ Very variable: described as 2. pellita, mutuata, jugalis, associata, inconcisa, diffundens, bifasciata,
and demonstrans. HR. mayeri is probably a male of the same, and R. gregalis may be an extreme variety.

16

LACERA, Guén.
capella, Guén.
var. procellosa, Butl.*

THERMESIIDA.

SELENIS, Guén.
divisa, Walk.
lauta, Butl.

MAGULABA, Walk.
mestalis, Walk.
diminutiva, Walk. (Homoptera).

RAPARNA, Moore.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

HYPENIDZA.
DICHROMIA, Guén.

orosia, Cram.
sextalis, Walk.
trigonalis, Guén.

RHYNCHINA, Guén.
pionealis, Giuén.
plusioides, Butl. p. 82, Pl. CKXXIITI. f. 9.
sagittata, Butl. p. 83, Pl. CX XXIII. ff.10, 11.
cerulescens, Butl. p. 83, Pl. CX XXIII. f. 12.
angulifascia, Moore.
cramboides, Butl. (Hormisa),
morosa, Butl. (Hormisa).
striga, Held. (Thalpochares).

undulata, Moore. Pp. 80, PI CXXOCTME 2: uniformis, Butl. p- 84, Pl CXXXX Ti flss
Mets Bud pr 60; El COeenrT ted. rivuligera, Butl, —_p. 84, Pl. CXXXIIL. f. 14.

CAPNODES, Guén.
trifasciatus, Moore.
cremata, Butl.

DAXATA, Walk.

angustata, Buti. p. 84, Pl. CX XXIII. f. 15.

HYPENA, Schr.
indicalis, Guén.
indicatalis, Walk.
semiclusalis, Walk.

glaucescens, Butl. p. 81, Pl. CXXXIIL. f. 4. abducalis, Walk.
lilacina, But. p. 81, Pl. CXXXIII. f. 5. undulalis, Walk.

GATHYNIA, Walk.

vigens, Butl.
erassipalpis, Butl, p. 85, Pl. CK XXIII. f. 16.

simulans, Butl, _p. 81, Pl. CXX XIII. ff. 6, 7. veronica, Butl, p. 85, Pl. CXXXIIT. f. 17.

Kangra.

EROSIA, Guén.
bicaudata, Moore.
Kangra.

ruptaria, Moore.

ORUDIZA, Walk.

columbaris, Buti. p. 82, Pl. CXXXIIL. f. 8.

DIRADES, Walk.
theclata, Guén.

curviferalis, Walk.

narratalis, Walk.

symethusalis ?, var., Walk.

lesalis, var., Walk.

biplagiata, Budl. p. 86, Pl. CX XXIV. f. 1.
urticicola, Butl. p. 86, Pl. CXXXIYV. f. 2.

longipennis, Walk.

BOMOLOCHA, Hub.
obductalis, Walk.

HYPENODES, Doubl.
altivolans ?, Butl.

* The Dharmsala form corresponds with that of Japan; when compared with a good series it appears

to be hardly specifically distinct.

+ Two much-worn specimens, either of this or a nearly allied species.

SYSTEMATIC LIST. Aly)

HERMINIID™.
BYTURNA, Moore.

cucullata, Moore.
digramma, Walk.

RIVULA, Guén.

biatomea, Moore.

EPIZEUXIS, Hub.

discisigna, Moore.
p- 87, Pl. CXXXIV. f.
p. 87, PL. CXXXIV. i.

saccharivora, Butl.
maculifera, Butl.

PSEUDAGLOSSA, Grote.
fulvipicta, Butl.
atrata, Buti, p. 88, Pl. CXXXIV. f. 6.

APPHADANA, Walk.

sp. ? (worn).

CHUSARIS, Walk.
punctilinealis, Walk.

AGINNA, Walk.
robustalis, Guén.
kali.
niphona, Butl.

HERMINIA, Latr.
innocens, Butl.

palumbina, Buti. jtyptoter ya tee OPO, O.G1 NG et)

MESOPLECTRA, Buti.
lilacina, 2, Budi.

HYDRILLODES, Guén.
lentalis, Guén.
uliginosalis, Walk.
cleobisahs, Walk. (Gizama).

BLEPTINA, Guén.
dubia, Buti. p-. 89, Pl. CX XXIV. f. 4.
NODARIA, Guén.

externalis, Guén.
esopusalis, Walk. (Bocana).

Sal

ioe)

p- 87, Pl. CXXXIYV. f. 5.

EGNASIA, Walk.

cinerea, But. p. 89, Pl. CXXXYV. f. 1.

RHASENA, Walk.

transcissa, Walk.

DRAGANA, Walk.
pansalis, Walk.

EPIPASCHIIDA.
CENODOMUS, Wism.

hockingii, Wlsm.
Kangra.

BELONEPHOLIS, But.
striata, Butl. p. 90, Pl. CX XXIV.

as
Ww

PYRALIDA.
TAMRACA, Joore.

torridalis, Led.

STEMMATOPHORA, Giuén.
subustalis, Led.

AGLOSSA, Zatr.

pinguinalis, Led.

PYRALIS, Linn.
marmorea, Buti. p. 91, Pl. CXXXTY. f. 10.
Devi ble OX NOE te

p. 91, Pl. CXXXIV. f. 12.

fumipennis, Buti.
princeps, Butl.
platymitris, Butl.
mauritialis, Guén.

Dharmsala and Kult.
lucillalis, Walk.

EUCLITA, Hiih.
incongrua, Bul.
dharmsale, Butl.
fortis, Butl.

Kalua.

p. 92, Pl. CXXXIV. £. 13.
p. 92, PL CX XXIV. f 14.

HERCYNID.
HERBOLA, Gvén.
cespitalis, Schiff.

D

18 SYSTEMATIC LIST.

ENNYCHIIDE.
HELIOTHELA, Guén.
silhetalis, Guén. (Pyrausta).
pangialis, Feld. (Botys).
pusilla, Butl.

PORPHYRITIS, Muh.

maculata, Butl. p, 93, PL CXXXTY. f.. 16;

ASOPITD AS.
DANAGA, Moore.
“ster, ARH p. 94, Pl. CXXXIV. f. 17.
biformis, Butt. p. 94, Pl. CXXXYV. ff. 2, 3.

CINDAPHIA, Led.

tricolor, Butt. p90, PE CXXNLY, ets:

CHNAURA, Led.
octavialis, Walk.

SAMEA, Guén.
yerburii, Butl.

DIPLOTYLA, Mey.

longipalpis, Buti. p. 95, Pl. CXXXYV. f. 4.

THYSANODESMA, Butl.
major, Butl. p. 96, Pl. CXXXYV. f. 5.

costisignalis, Moore.

SALBIA, Guén.
perspicualis, Walk.
Kala.
GADESSA, Joore.

ossea, Butl. p: 90, PL CX XAY : 1.6;

HEDYLEPTA, Led.
falsidicalis, Walk.
vulgalis, Guén.
abruptalis, Walk.

PACHYZANCLA, Meyr.
stultalis, Walk.

AGATHODES, Guén.
diversalis, Walk.
ostentalis, Gey,

p. 93, Pl. CXXXTV. f. 15,

LEUCINODES, Guén.
sigulalis?, Guén.
Kula.

HYMENIA, Hib.

fascialis, Cram.

PTERYGISUS, Butl.
fredalis, Guén.
Kala,

STENIID.
DIASEMIA, /Zih.

geometralis, Guén.

accalis, Walk. (Scopula),

RHIMPHALEA, Led.

ommatalis ?, Snell.

HYDROCAMPID.
PARAPONYX, Hib.

linealis, Guén.

OLIGOSTIGMA, Guén.
hamalis, Snell,
locuples, Butl,
dives, Butl.

p. 97, Pl, OX wxVatee
p. 97, Pl. OXXXV. f. 8.

CYMORIZA, Guén.
ustalis, Walk.

CATACLYSTA, Hib.
blandialis, Walk.
peribocalis, Walk.
sabrina, Pryer.

var. ? dominalis, Walk.

TALANGA, Moore.

sexpunctata, Moore.

HYDROCAMPA, Latr.

depunctalis, Guén.

SYNCLERA, Led.

multilinealis, Guén.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

PYCNARMON, Led.
jaguaralis, Gvén.
virgatalis, Moore.

STEGOTHYRIS, Led.

transversalis, Led.
Palampore.

PHALANGIODES, Guén.

neptis, Cram.

HARITALA, Moore.
obrinusalis, Walk.
aurolinealis, Walk.
definita, Butl,

Dad fa ble CORY fo9:
MARGARODID.

GLYPEHODES, Guén.
pyloalis, Walk.
erithealis, Walk. (Desmia).

HETEROCNEPHES, Zed.

venosa, Butl.

COPTOBASIS, Led.
emealis, Walk.
quadrimaculalis, Koll.
concatenalis, Walk. (Botys).
tropicalis, Walk.

MARGARONIA, Hub.

transvisalis, Walk.

PYGOSPILA, Guén.

tyres, Cram.

EUGLYPHIS, Hub.

procopia, Oram.

MARUCA, Walk.
aquatilis, Bdv, (Hydrocampa).

Dy 98; PICO 1, LO:

BOTIDID.

HAPALIA, Moore.
indistans, Moore.
bipunctalis, Warr.
lutealis, Dup.
lupulina, Clerck.
signatalis, Walk.
butyrina, Meyr.
strenualis, Walk,
ochrealis, Moore (Pyralis).

BOTYODES, Guén.

aslalis, Guén.

COTOCHENA, Moore.
histricalis, Walk. (Botys).

PACHYZANCLA, Meyr.
stultalis, Walk, (Botys).

CADARENA, Moore.
patulalis, Walk. (Botys).

JETHALOESSA, Led.
ilusalis, Walk, (Botys).
fervidalis, Led.

ACHARANA, Moore.

otreusalis, Walk. (Botys)*.

OMPHISA, Moore.

monecusalis,. Walk. (Botys).

PIONEA, Guén.

forficulis, Zinn.

SPILODES, Guén.

anaxisalis, Walk. (Botys).

SCOPULA, Schr.
martialis, Guén.
var. testacea, Butl.
bisignata, Butl.

* Also described as B, triarealis, neloalis, abstrusalis, pharaxalis, and immundalis by the same author.

19

p. 98, Pl. CXXXV. f. 11.

20 SYSTEMATIC LIST.

SCOPARIA, Haw.

*truncicolella?, Staint.

sEGERIIDA.
MELITTIA, /iib.
kulluana, Moore. p. 98; Pl CX RXV f 12,
Kalu.

URAPTERYGID_E.

URAPTERYX, Leach.
yerburii, Buti.
excellens, Buti. oe WIS HE OD.ONO.OVG 1 sy

Cashmere.

THINOPTERYX, But.
crocopterata, Guén.
nebulosa, Butl.

ENNOMID.
PSYRA, Walk.
spureataria, Walk, (Hyperythra).
angulifera, Walk, (Scotosia).
cuneata, Walk.

TETRACIS ?, Guén.
indica, Butl. p. 99, Pl. CXXXY. f. 16.

NIHONISSA, Buti.
lentiginosaria, J/oore (Crocallis).
similaria, Moore (Crocaliis).

Dharmsala and Kulu.

bivittaria, Moore (Crocallis),

LAGYRA, Walk.
decipiens, Walk.
humiferata, Walk.
apicatus, Moore (Auzea).

PSEUDOMIZA, Bul.
argillacea, Butl. p. 100, Pl. CXXXV. f. 15.
cruentaria, Moore (Cimicodes).

CORYMICA, Walk.

vitrigera, Butl. p. 101, Pl. CXXXY. f. 14.

OMIZA, Walk.

patularia, Walk.

CAUSTOLOMA, Led.

ennomosaria, Walk.

OPISTHOGRAPTIS, /7it).

mimulina, Butl. (Rumia),
ablunata, Guén. (Rumia).

pangiaria, Feld.

PYRINIA, Hib.

pheenicoteniata, Aoll.
faleonaria, Walk. (Aspilates).

HYPERYTHRA, Guén.
lutea, Cram.*
var, fluvata ?, Fab.t
ennomaria, Guén.

suscept ria, Walk, (Aspilates).

HYPEPHYRA, Buti.

terrosa, Butl. Dsl OURS IEE CXCXONGV Sf lt7

CABERODES, Guén.

achromaria, Guén.

ABACISCUS, Butl.

tristis, Butl. p. 102, Pl. CXXXY. f. 18.

AMPHIDASYID-Z.
AMPHIDASYS, Zeit.

cognataria, Guén.t
regalis, Moore.
Dulchee Pass, 6500 feet, Kangra district.
porphyria, Butl. p.102, Pl. CXXXVI. f. 1.
Kangra.

* Represented by the 1. limbolaria and penicillaria of Guénée.

+ Smaller; primaries with shorter costal margin; wings yellower and with better defined markings

= Hitherto only known from N,. America.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

BOARMIID.

HEMEROPHILA, Steph.
subplagiata, Walk.
senilis, Butl.

CHORODNA, Walk.

metaphearia, Welk.

LYCAUGES, Buil.
lactea?, Butt.

CLEORA, Curt.
venustularia, Walk.
semialba, Moore (Pseudocoremia).
ochrifasciata, Moore. ’

ALCIS, Hib.
trikotaria, Feld.* (Boarmia).
var. iterata, Butl.
var. nudipennis, Warr.
sublimis, Buti.
Dharmsala and Trioon.
ferrolavata, Walk.

BOARMIA, 7reit.
promptaria, Wadk.
sublavaria, Guén.
albidaria, Walk.
comparataria, Walk.
alienaria, Walk.
gelidaria, Walk.
illustraria, Walk.

TEPHROSIA, Bdv.

susceptaria, Walk.

CHOGADA, Moore.

latipennis, Butl. p. 103, Pl. CXXXVIL. f. 2.

HYPOCHROMA, Guén.
pseudoterpsaria, Guén.
muscicoloraria, Walk.

basiflavata, Moore.

p. 103, Pl. CXXXV. f. 19. |

21

OPHTHALMODES, Guén.

diurnaria, Guén.

BUZURA, Walk.

multipunctaria, Walk.

XANDRAMES, Moore.

dholaria, Moore.

GNOPHOS, 7eit.
obtectaria, Walk.
pilicostata, Walk. (Scotosia).
perlita, Butl.
vitreata, Moore.
dispunctata, Walk.

PSEUDOCOREMIA, Buti.

quadrifera, Walk.

GEOMETRID.
TANAORHINUS, Buti.

dimissus, Walk.

confuciaria, Walk.

LOXOCHILA, Butt.
mutans, Buti,

variegata, Butl.

p 104, Pl.OXAXVI. £. 3.

NEMORIA, Hid.
earnifrons, Butt.
gracilis, Buél.
gelida, Budl.

p. 104, PL CXXXVI. f. 4.
p. 104, Pl. CXXXVI. f. 5.

OMPHAX?, Guén.

marina, Butl. (Thalassodes)7.

THALASSODES, Guén.
unduligera, Buti. p. 105, Pl. CXXAYVI. £6.
Kala.
glaucaria, Walk.
quadraria, Guén.
dissita, Walk. (Geometra).

* With Mr. Hocking’s series it is impossible to regard A. iterata, pleniferata, and nudipennis as more

than varieties.

T Differs from Thalassodes in the simple antenne of the male.

22 SYSTEMATIC LIST.

COMIBENA, Hib.
quadrinotata, Butl. p. 105, Pl. CXXXVI. f. 7.

inductaria, Guén. (Phorodesma).

RACHEOSPILA, Guén.
strix, Butl.
nympha, Bul.

p. 105, Pl. CXKXXVI. f. 8.

AGATHIA, Guén.
lyceenaria, Walk.
hilarata, Guén.

THETIDEA, Bdv.
radiata, Walk.

Kala.

CHLORORITHRA, Buti.
fea, Butl. p. 106, Pl. CKXXVL. f. 9.

PALYADIDA.
EUMELEA, Dunc.

florinata, Guén.

SCARDAMIA, Walk.

metallaria, Walk.

CYCLOPHORIDA.

CYCLOPHORA, Steph.
werata, Moore (Acidalia).
Kula.
var. grata, Butl. (Ephyra).
Kala.
invexata, Walk. (Epione).
monochromaia, Walk.
cleoraria, Walk. (Acidalia).
dharmsale, Buti.
Kalu.

ANISODES, Guén.
pluristriaria, Walk.
similaria, Walk.
moorei, Butl.
similaria, Moore (nec Walk.).
annulifera, Butl,

ps LOZ, BC XX Vit ALO!

IDAID.

EOIS, Hib.
lacteipennis, Butl. p.107, Pl. CXXXVI. f. 11.

protensa, Butl. p: 107, PlVCXXXV Efi:

HYRIA, Steph.
bicolorata, Moore.

PSEUDASTHENA, Buti.
p: 108, Pl. CXX XY Eis:

cinerea, Butl.

IDEA, Treit.
plurilinearia, Moore.
strigilata, Schiff.
marginepunctata, Goeze.
beckeraria, Led.
sylvestraria, Dup.
coenosaria, Led.
attentata, Walk.
cerussina, Butl. p. 108, Pl. CXX XVI. f. 14.
lacernigera, Butl. p. 109, Pl. CXXXVI. f. 15.
holosericeata, Dup.
insuavis, Butl. p. 109, Pl. CXXXVL. f. 16.
CRASPEDIA, Hib.
insolata, Butl.
ornata, Scop.

p. 109, Pl. CXXXVI. f. 17.

TIMANDRA, Dup.

convectaria, Walk.

RHODOSTROPHIA, Hub.
stigmatica, Budl. p. 110, PLOXXXVI. ff. 19, 20.
tristrigalis, Butl, p.110, Pl. CXXXVIL. f. 1.
rara, Butl. p: 11), Pl. CXXXViInt:
herbicolens, Buti. (Phyletis).
inconspicua, Butl, ( Phyletis).

MICRONIID As.
MICRONIA, Guén.

aculeata, Guén.

CABERIDA.

STEGANIA, Guén.
subtessellata, Walk. (Macaria).

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

HYDATA, Walk.

amplipennis, Butl. p.111, Pl. CXXXVI.f. 18.

CABERA, 7'rcit.

margarita, Moore.

MACARITD.
EILICRINIA, Hii.

signigera, Butl.

Kala.

p. 112, Pl. CXXXVIT. f. 3.

BITHIA, Walk.
contigaria, Walk. (Acidalia).

GUBARIA, Moore.

eleonora, Cram,

MACARIA, Curt.
cacavena, Walk.
sp. near maligna (broken).

GONODELA, Bdv.
myandaria, Walk.
2 fuscomarginata, Warr.

Kala.

EVARZIA, Walk.

trilinearia, Moore.

AZATA, Walk.
ferruginata, Moore.

OZOLA, Walk.

microniaria, Walk.

FIDONIID.
FIDONIA, Treit.

strenuata, Walk. (Macaria).
Umballa.

STERRHA, Hub.

sacraria, Linn.

ASPILATES, rect.
obliquaria, Moore.
Kala.
hastigera, Butl.
Laka and Afghanistan.

p. LL2, Pl. CXXXVILT, ff. 4, 5.

{

i)
tse)

NADAGARA, Walk.
grisea, Butl.

ZOMIA, Moore.
incitata, Walk.

ZERENIDAB.

ICTERODES, Buti.

conspersa, Butt, p. 113, Pl. CXXXVIL. f. 6.

MICRABRAXAS, Buti.

punctigera, Butl, p.113, Pl. CXRXXVIL.f. 7.

ABRAXAS, Leach.
virginalis, Butl.
Cashmere.

martaria, Guén.

LIGDIA, Guén.
adustata, Schiff.

costata, Guén.

PERCNIA, Guén.
guttata, ub.

belluaria, Guén.

NELCYNDA, Walk.

substigmaria, Walk.

LARENTITD.
LARENTIA, Dup.

exliturata, Walk.
ramularia, /eld, (Cidaria).
Laka.

granitalis, But. p. 114, PL. CXXXVIL.£. 5.

PHRISSOGONUS, Bul.

sp.?, 9 (much worn).

EUPITHECIA, Curt.

signigera, Butl.

rufescens, Butt.
p. 114, Pl. CXXXAVIT. £9.
p. 114, Pl. CXXXVIT. f. 10.

fulvipennis, Butl.
atrisignis, Butl,
silenata, Sidf.
isogrammata?, Z'reit.

24

EUPITHECIA.
haworthiata, Dbl.

lucigera, Butl. | ope Ways cl OD. O.@. QA Us ha Lie
hockingii, Butl. pe lib Ely CXS V2:

LOBOPHORA, Curt.
lucinda, Butl, (Hupithecia).
julia, Bul.
viretata, Hib.

SYSTEMATIC LIST.

PHOTOSCOTOSIA, Warr.
miniosata, Walk. (Scotosia).
amplicata, Walk.
trisignata, Moore (Cidaria).

Laka.

CIDARIA, 7reit.
russata, Schiff.
var. cinereata, Moore.

rufinotata, Buél, p.116, Pl. CXXXVII. f. 13. | umbrosaria, Motsch.
Kali. | nivicincta, Butl, p. 119, Pl. CXXXVII. f. 20.
seriata, Moore.
LYGRANOA, But. | var. afinis, Moore.
cinerea, Butl. . | perpulchra, Budl.
| ahena, Butl,
THERA, Steph. signata, Moore.
consimilis, Warr. p.116, Pl. CXXXVILf. 14. | thomasata, Warr.
| albigirata, Koll.
MELANIPPE, Dup. | multistriata, Butl. p.119,PLCXXXVIL.f. 21,
eymaria, Wall. (Coremia). | DOCIRAVA, Walk.

albofasciata, Moore (Cidaria). Fasten TVA Camaro)

pose eee uvaria, Walk. (Aspilates).

minuta, Butl. p.117, Pl. CXXXVII. ff.15,16.

i eequilineata, Walk.
despicienda, Butl. p. 117, PL. CXXXVII.f. 17.

medmaria, Walk. (Orsonoba).
reciproca, Walk. (Hubolia).
macrocalata, Walk, (Anaitis).

COREMIA, Guén.
divergens, Butl. P18 Pls CROCE aS:

| EUBOLIID.
CAMPTOGRAMMA, Steph. EUBOLIA, Dup.
fluviata, Hib. niphonica, Butl.*

gemmata, Hub. neemata, Meld. (Cidaria).
signataria, Walk.

PHRATARIA, Walk.

triangulifera, Moore (Eustroma).

PHIBALAPTERYX, Steph.

plurilinealis, Moore.

SIONIDAL.
SCOTOSIA, Steph. STAMNODES, Guén.
dubiosata, Walk. | pamphilata, Feld.
indistincta, Buil. p.118, Pl. CX XXVII.f. 19. Laka.

* Tt is possible that this may be a dark and slightly differentiated form of EH. naemata; the outline of
the central belt of primaries, however, differs somewhat.

AMPELOPHAGA.—AMBULYX, 25

SPHINGID A.

AMPELOPHAGA, Brem.

Ampelophaga fasciosa. (Plate CXXI. fig. 3.)
Ampelophaga fasciosa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 391.

Closely allied to the A. rubiginosa of Bremer from Japan and China, but differing
constantly in its more acuminate primaries with longer outer margin; indistinct and more
diffused markings ; the distinctly ash-coloured external border of primaries, and absence of
the fuscous markings on this border. Expanse of wings, ¢ 85-90 millim., ? 96 millim.

Dharmsala.

Mr. Hocking only obtained this species at sugar.

POLYPTYCHUS, Hiibn.

Polyptychus trilineatus. (Plate CXXI. fig. 4.)
Polyptychus trilineatus, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 390.

@. Allied to P. timesius, but with all the paler parts of the wings of a pale whitish-buff
colour instead of grey; the first line of primaries further from the base; the central diffused
belt less prominent, olivaceous brown; the second line wholly wanting ; the internal quadrate
spot of secondaries brown instead of black ; all the other markings paler and more olivaceous
than in the female of P. timesius. Expanse of wings 103 millim.

Dharmsala.

AMBULYX, Schaef.

Ambulyx placida. (Plate CX XI. fig. 1.)
Ambulyx placida, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 390.

?. Nearest to A. maculifera, but the primaries, abdominal border of secondaries, and
body of a pale chalky-greyish colour; the lateral belts on the thorax dark olive-brown : the
basal spot on primaries small but sharply defined, as is also the larger spot placed obliquely
beyond it towards the inner margin; a minute black dot on the lower discocellular veinlet ;
the premedian line single as in A. liturata; the discal lines very indistinct, partly lost in a
purplish-grey belt which commences on the inner margin and gradually fades away as it

crosses the radial interspaces; submarginal arched line distinct and broadly bordered inter-
E

26 SPHINGIDA’.—PSYCHIDA.

nally with ochreous and whitish: secondaries more ochreous and with the markings grey
instead of rufous brown: abdomen without a dorsal line. Expanse of wings 114 millim.

Solon, Himalaya.

Said to be a rare species.

Ambulyx rubescens. (Plate CX XI. fig. 2.}

Dahira rubescens, Moore, MS.
Dahira rubiginosa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1888, p. 391.

Most like the A. eos group: primaries rosy brown with cupreous-brown apical border and
bands, the latter ill-defined, six or seven in number, four or five of which are undulated and
cross the dise from the end of the cell to the apical border; two or three basal spots, three
costal between the discal bands, an oblique angular apical dash and a series of dots on the
fringe whitish grey : secondaries dark lurid orange, the abdominal half and margin dusky ;
abdominal and costal borders whitish ; fringe white: body purplish brown, the margins of the
antennee, eyes, and sides of abdominal segments whitish. Primaries below dull brick-red, with
grey external border tapering to apex and external angle and with undulated inner edge:
secondaries paler red, whitish on abdominal border, traversed from this border to the costa by
four equidistant slightly sinuous parallel deeper red lines : body below bright chrome-yellow ;
palpi reddish; legs greyish white, middle and posterior tibiz reddish, posterior tarsi barred with
reddish ; venter reddish barred with segmental grey lines at the sides; two series of reddish
spots ; anal claspers reddish with white bases. Expanse of wings 75 millim.

Mundi, an independent native state in the Himalayas. Taken in March at sugar.

Apparently most nearly allied to 4. turbata; though slightly differing in the contour of
the secondaries, it scarcely can be regarded as a distinct genus from Ambulyx.

The description of this species was prepared and the Plate illustrating it printed off before
Mr. Moore’s paper was received, and therefore it has been necessary to retain the name written
by him on the type-label.

PSYCHIDA.

MAHASENA, Moore.

Allied to Bambalina, Moore, from Ceylon: costal vein of primaries terminating at second
third of costal margin; subcostal quinqueramose ; the first branch emitted from outer third
of the main vein and reaching the costal margin just beyond the costal vein; second branch
emitted just before the end of the cell and terminating near to the apex; third and fourth
branches emitted from a Jong footstalk at the upper angle of the cell; fifth branch emitted
close to the latter; discocellulars strongly angulated; upper radial emitted from a little

|
’

MAHASENA.—BORADIA. Qe

triangular false cell, of which the upper discocellular veinlet forms the base; lower radial
emitted with the third median branch from a footstalk at the inferior angle of the cell;
submedian vein looped as in the allied genera: costal vein of secondaries aborted, running
downwards into the subcostal, so as to form a prediscoidal cell; discoidal cell extremely
broad and divided by two slender forked recurrent veins; its outer margin irregular and
oblique, the subcostal thick and simple; two veins, perhaps modified subcostal branches,
emitted separately as radial veins ; the true radial vein emitted with the third median branch
from a short footstalk : antennz short, pointed, and with ciliated pectinations broader than

in Baméalina.

Mahasena hockingii. (Plate CXXI. fig. 5.)
Mahasena hockingii, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 397.

$+» Smoky brown; secondaries with whitish subhyaline abdominal border ; body blackish
piceous, with paler antennze and ventral surface. Expanse of wings 31 millim.

Succoor, Kangra valley, 4000 feet. Larva on Toon tree.

CHALCOSIID&.

GYNAUTOCERA, Guér.

Gynautocera fraterna. (Plate CXXI. fig. 7.)

9. Allied to G. papilionaria, but with the white spot on the secondaries widened and
extended into a band, interrupted above the radial vein and below the first median branch,
the two spots thus separated from it being somewhat obscured; the outer edge of the band
zigzag ; the outer half of the median vein and its branches, the outer half of the interno-
median fold and of the submedian vein green; the apical spot of the band with diffused blue
borders. Expanse of wings 78 millim.

Two examples, Calcutta.

BORADIA, Meore.

Boradia carneola. (Plate CXX1I. fig. 8.)

Semitransparent yellowish white; the base of the primaries more distinctly yellow ;
thorax dull stone-yellowish ; antennz with black pectinations; abdomen black ; wings below
whiter than above; ventral surface of body black; anal claspers of male horn-yellowish.
Expanse of wings 33 millim.

Kangra valley.

28 CHALCOSIIDA.—-ARCTIID.

ANOMOTES, Felder.

Mr. Moore considers A. basalis the type of a distinct genus, which he calls Akesina, but it
corresponds almost exactly, in both colourmg and structure, with a species of Anomeotes
which we have from Ambriz collected by the late Mr. Monteiro; the only differences in
structure are that Akesina has slightly shorter wings, the upper discocellular veinlet of the
primaries is a trifle longer and the minute terminal furcation of the second subcostal branch
is wanting, thus practically reducing the number of subcostal branches from four to three.

Anomeotes basalis. (Plate CXXI. fig. 9.)
Akesina basalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 396.
Wings hyaline; the primaries, excepting the basi-internal area which is tinted with
orange, grey; secondaries with the basal half orange, the external half grey; body orange-

fulvous, antenne brown. Under surface similar, Hxpanse of wings 28 millim.

Kangra valley.

ARCTIIDA.

SPILARCTIA, But.

Spilarctia dalberge. (Plate CXXII. fig. 2.)
Spilarctia dalbergize (part.), Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1888, p. 394.

é 9. Nearest to S. nydia; the arrangement of the spots on the wings almost exactly
the same, but the primaries and thorax pale pinky buff, the latter with a longitudinal black
dorsal line; secondaries much whiter than in S. nydia ; abdomen orange-ochreous instead of
carmime-red. Expanse of wings, ¢ 47 millim., ? 47-50 millim.

Dharmsala. (Larva on Geranium, April 12th, spun up at once; imago 24th May.)

The type-label was written S. dalberge (sie).

Spilarctia howqua. (Plate CX XII. fig. 3.)

3g. Allied to S. confusa, from which it differs in its much whiter wings and thorax; the
postmedian series of spots on the primaries more prominent and less smuous ; the submarginal
spots of the secondaries placed further from the outer margin, the first from the abdominal
margin elongated so as to reach the outer margin near the anal angle; the third and fourth
less prominent; the secondaries show no trace of the rosy colouring of S. confusa; the
abdomen has no dorsal series of spots, but this is often the case with S. confusa. On the

THYRGORINA.—LACHANA. 29

under surface the primaries are white, the costa and discoidal cell shghtly tinted with rose-
red; the spots of the postmedian series are distinct, and those nearest the costa much
enlarged: the secondaries are whiter than above, with similar markings: body below white ;
a tuft at the base of the primaries; the anterior coxee and upper surface of femora rose-red ;
tibie and tarsi greyish brown, but the posterior tibiz varied with white; venter with two
lateral series of black spots. HExpanse of wings 39 millim.

Kangra valley.

S. sagittifera of Moore does not appear to be distinct from S. casigneta, Kollar, and
therefore is not described here.

THYRGORINA, Moore.
Thyrgorina dorsalis. (Plate CXXII. figs. 4, 5.)
Icambosida dorsalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 394.

Allied to T. rhodophila; the wings more elongated ; the secondaries of the male with a
grey spot at the end of the cell, those of the female sometimes with three widely separated
submarginal spots, the first indistinct, subcostal, the second subapical, the third close to the
outer third of the first median branch; thorax of male above ochreous, of female white ;
abdomen of the female with a broad central carmine belt, with dorsal and lateral black spots ;
the basal and anal segments snow-white ; abdomen of male wholly carmine: wings and body
below white ; costa of primaries cream-coloured, not orange as in 7. rhodophila. Expanse of
wings, ¢ 36 millim., 9 43-50 millim.

Dharmsala.

The Euprepia imperialis of Kollar (collected by Mr. Hocking) has hitherto been placed
in the genus Areas: in neuration it is very similar, excepting that the lower half of the disco-
cellular veinlet is comparatively slightly longer, and the lower radial of primaries and radial
of secondaries are emitted from the same point with, instead of close to, the third median
branches ; the antennze, however, are decidedly longer and more closely pectinated, and the
palpi much longer and coarser in Kollar’s species, which may be separated under the name of
Melanareas.

LACHANA, Moore.

Form and neuration of Phaos; pattern very similar but obscure ; body similar to that ot
P. huttonii, with a number of long and rather straight pale hairs from the tegule and abdomen ;
antenne much more broadly pectinated. Type ZL. ladakensis.

In his ‘ Revision of Australian Lepidoptera,’ part 1, Mr. Meyrick has separated two species,
one of which is P. huttonii, under the generic name of Metacrias ; an examination of the

30 ARCTIIDZA.

wings of this species, when saturated with benzine, shows no difference whatever from those
of Phaos vigens, nor are any of the characters by which it is separated at all reliable. The
genus Phaos is also described as the Spilosoma of Stephens (the type of which is S. menthastri
of Europe): the latter differs in the much more woolly clothing of the thorax ; broader and
comparatively shorter tegule ; more slender and longer antennz ; narrower, longer, and more
scantily clothed palpi ; much more slender legs; more robust abdomen, without lateral or
anal tufts ; comparatively longer and narrower wings, which are also less densely scaled ; more
nearly approximated veins; and totally different style of coloration,—in short it would be
difficult to find two genera of Arctiide less alike, excepting in the general distribution of the
veins ; but if this character alone were recognized, the bulk of the genera of this family would
probably have to be placed together.

Lachana ladakensis. (Plate CXXI. fig. 6.)

Lachana ladakensis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 398.

Primaries pale yellowish brown; basal third grey, bounded externally by an ill-defined
oblique darker band; an ill-defined dusky spot at centre of costa, followed beyond the cell by
a second lunate costal spot; a black spot on the discocellular veinlet ; an irregularly zigzag
submarginal greyish-brown band and a regular border of the same colour; fringe spotted
with brown: secondaries greyish brown, with a broad dark brown external border and pale
fringe : body black, clothed with long silver-grey and pale brown hairs; antennz with orange
basal joint, shank pale brown, pectinations dark mahogany-brown. Wings below paler, most
of the markings on the primaries obliterated; the secondaries pale yellowish brown, with
smoky-brown external border and buff-coloured fringe: body below blackish, clothed with
pale brown hairs. Expanse of wings 26 millim.

Ladak.

At first sight one would suppose this species to be more nearly related to Antarctia or
Cycnia than to Phaos; but a close examination of its structure proves its affinity to the latter;
Mr. Moore unaccountably refers it to the Liparide.

DIPHTERA, Ochs.
Diphtera fasciata. (Plate CX XII. fig. 1.)
Diphtera fasciata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 408.

Nearest to D. pallida: primaries dull greyish green; seven mostly equidistant black
costal markings, the third and seventh broad and elongated, the others mere dots or small

spots ; three additional basal spots; an irregular white-edged black marking at base of inner

MILTOCHRISTA. 31

margin; external third slightly darker than the rest of the wing, especially internally,
bounded on its inner edge by a partly black doubly arched undulated line; outer edge of
fringe lunulated, bronze-brown spotted with silvery white: secondaries white, sericeous,
semitransparent: body white, the head, thorax, and base of abdomen tinted with green.
Under surface sericeous greenish white : primaries with five costal black spots, the third and
fifth large and elongated; outer edge of fringe ornamented with black ]unules: secondaries
with two series of black spots, one of which, in the inner series, closes the cell; a few
scattered black submarginal scales and one or two on the fringe: legs white, barred with
black ; venter dark brown, with whitish anus and white lateral dots. Expanse of wings
42 millim.

“ Laka, above Dharmsala, 11,000 feet; at light in June.” *

LITHOSIID As.

MILTOCHRISTA, Hiibn.

Miltochrista pretiosa. (Plate CX XII. fig. 6.)

Near to M. gratiosa, but the three series of grey spots on the primaries so much widened
as to give the impression of three distinct transverse grey bands, the longitudinal nervular
grey Tines on the disc widened so as to be partly confluent, forming a broad grey belt which
is only interrupted by yellow-edged internervular scarlet lines extending into an irregular
yellow external border; secondaries paler and more transparent than in M. gratiosa. Expanse
of wings, ¢ 35 millim., ? 45 millim.

Dharmsala, taken at sugar.

The group to which this species belongs forms another of those oft recurring groups of
constant though nearly allied forms which the too hasty worker is tempted to associate as
varieties : the series of M. pretiosa collected by Mr. Hocking sufficiently proves the constancy
of the Dharmsala type.

A worn female of Miltochrista congerens bears the label “ Lyclene artocarpi, Moore ;”
as it corresponds exactly in pattern with Felder’s species, it can hardly be distinct.

L. artocarpi is described by Mr. Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 80, and again in
Descr. Ind. Lep. Ins. Atkinson, p. 33, where it is said to be most nearly allied to L. huinilis,
Walk.: whether the example in Mr. Hocking’s collection is identical with the latter may be
considered doubtful.

(sy)
bo

LITHOSIID.

SETINA, Schr.

Setina dasara, (Plate CXXII. figs. 7, 8.)
3. Setina dasara, Moore, Cat. Lep. EI, Comp. ii. p. 303. n. 698.

Primaries ochreous, crossed by two irregular grey bands, broad in the male, but narrow
in the female; a black spot near the base and a second at end of cell: secondaries cream-
coloured, the male with a diffused grey subapical spot: body ochreous ; anal segment of the
male partly clothed with blackish hairs; thorax with black shoulder-spots. Under surface,
excepting the costa of primaries (which is ochreous), cream-coloured ; the grey markings
more diffused ; tibiz and tarsi of anterior legs grey; tarsi of middle and posterior legs
blackish. Expanse of wings, ¢ 24 millim., ? 27 millim.

Kulu.

The types of this species consisted of a rather large male and the fernale of Mr. Moore’s
Challa quadrimaculata, described by him as Setina calamaria.

CHALLA, Moore.

Near to Setina ; the body rather more robust, the antenne of the male pectinated instead

of finely ciliated; the subcostal branches pf the secondaries emitted from a shorter footstalk,

*
Challa quadrimaculata. (Plate CXXII. fig. 9.)

do. Challa quadrimaculata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 395.

@. Setina calamaria, Moore, l. ¢. p. 392.

3g. Primaries ochreous, with brighter costal border; a black spot within the anterior
angle of the discoidal cell: secondaries paler, with a grey spot on the upper half of the
discocellular veinlet: body ochreous; shank of antenne white, pectinations dark grey;
abdomen with an ill-defined lateral series of black dots; anterior pair of legs with a black
line down the front ; second pair black at the knees and at the distal extremity of the tibie
and tarsi; third pair black at the end of the tarsi. Expanse of wings 33 millim.

2. Nearly resembling the male, but the primaries with a black spot at the base of the
cell and an indistinct dot at the base of the costa. Expanse of wings 27 millim.

Palampore.

A small male (28 millim. in expanse), without the grey spots on the secondaries, was
labelled by Mr. Moore as his Challa bimaculata ; if this is correct the species should perhaps
take the latter name, although four spots are usually present: the female (from Java) was
originally described as that sex of Setina dasara, the true sexes of which are figured on
Plate CXXII. of this part.

AEMENE.—CALLINOLA. 33

EMENE, Walk.

Zimene inconstans. (Plate CXXII. fig. 11.)
mene inconstans, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 3938.

Primaries above pale buff; two blackish dots, on each side of the median vein, at about
basal third ; two brown dots placed obliquely below the cell just beyond the middle of the
wing; a conspicuous C-shaped black spot at the end of the cell; a transverse subapical costal
brown spot ; a marginal series of minute black dots and a black dot at about the centre of
the costa; base of costal margin greyish: secondaries cream-coloured: body above pale buff,
with the base of the antenne, shoulders, and centre of thorax brownish. Under surface
cream-coloured: primaries inclining to buff, clouded with greyish brown; a brown spot at
the end of the cell and a marginal series of brown points: secondaries with the costal area
irrorated with brown; an interrupted slender marginal brown line; a brown dash at the end
of the cell: pectus and anterior femora silvery whitish. Expanse of wings 18 millim.

Dharmsala.

mene sagittifera. (Plate CX XII. fig. 12.)
Aimene sagittifera, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 392.

Primaries creamy white; base of costal margin black, confluent with an oblique subbasal
bar ; immediately beyond this, three black dashes in an oblique series—the first of these is
costal and is followed by two smaller costal spots, below each of which is a linear black dot ;
below the first costal spot and within the cell is a large subcuneiform black spot, and below
this again two small black spots parallel to the first oblique series ; at the end of the cell is
an irregularly formed hastate spot followed by a group of five dots, and from below the latter
to the inner border are two parallel oblique series of three dots ; a black triangular subapical
costal patch interrupting an arched series of black points ; a marginal series of black spots
and three grey spots on the fringe: secondaries greyish white in the male, pearl-grey in the
female: thorax white, abdomen grey. Underside pearl-grey: secondaries pale. Expanse
of wings 18 millim,

Dharmsala.

CALLINOLA, gen. nov.

Allied to Nola, but readily distinguished by its shorter palpi, strongly pectinated incurved

antenne, more arched thorax, and comparatively shorter wings. Type C. antennata.

The pattern of the wings in the species of this genus differs considerably from that of
Nola, the outer line of the central band of the primaries being falciform instead of denticulated
or zigzag, whilst the central band itself is crossed in both the known species by a series of
sharply defined black dashes partly united, and thus tending to form an acutely denticulated
line. '

34 LITHOSIIDZ.

Callinola scripta. (Plate CXXII. fig. 13.)
Reeselia scripta, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 393.

Very near to C. antennata from the Amazons; it chiefly differs in its superior size, in the
straight instead of arched black inner edge to the median band of primaries, in the outer line
of the band being continuous instead of being formed by a series of black spots, in the
presence of two brown lines outside each of the black ones, and of an irregular submarginal
series of unequal black spots. Expanse of wings 19 millim.

Dharmsala.

LEBENA, Walk.

Lebena angulata. (Plate CXXII. fig. 14.)
Reselia angulata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 393.

Closely allied to L. trinotata (=sexmaculata, Grote) from North America; it differs only
in being smaller,-with slightly narrower primaries, and in the wider sinuations of the sub-
marginal line of these wings; the markings are also a little less strongly defined. Expanse
of wings 16-17 millim.

Kangra valley.

“ Reselia fraterna”’ of the same collection appears to be simply a suffused example of
Lebena angulata.

SIMAREEA, Moore.

Simareea lurida. (Plate CXXII. fig. 10.)
Lithosia basinota (part.), Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 798.

Smaller in both sexes than S. dasinota of Darjiling: the primaries usually considerably
redder to beyond the middle and thence decidedly greyer and paler: secondaries much paler,
almost pure white instead of pale smoky brown, and with a distinct suffused blotch of pale
ferruginous from the costa to the median vein; outer border slightly browner than the rest
of the wing: head, base of abdomen, and anal segment whiter. Under surface considerably
paler, all the wings with the costal area to beyond the middle broadly suffused with ferruginous :
primaries with a shorter dark costal streak: body below pale brown. LExpanse of wings
42 millim.

3 ?, Dharmsala; at light, June.

There are seven examples of this species in the Museum collection.

EUPROCTIS.—TRISULOIDES. 35

LIPARIDA.

EUPROCTIS, Hiibn.

Euproctis abdominalis. (Plate CX XIII. figs. 4, 5.)
Euproctis abdominalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 398.

3 @?. Nearly allied to E. antica; the wings and thorax of the male cream-coloured,
the primaries and thorax of the female more cream-coloured than in E. antica; the abdomen
in both sexes blacker, the anal tuft of the female brownish yellow. Expanse of wings, ¢ 28
millim., ¢ 33 millim.,

Kulu.

From the fact that the male is somewhat malformed and both sexes in poor condition
generally, it seems not unlikely that this form may turn out to be nothing more than E. antica

underfed ; the abdomen, however, is decidedly darker, nearly as black as in 4. melanophila,
and the duller colouring of the anal tuft would appear to be a good distinctive character.

CH@ROTRICHA, Feld.

Cherotricha sulphurescens. (Plate CX XIII. figs. 6, 7.)
Artaxa sulphurescens, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 399.

Allied to C. dersa of Java and C. inconcisa of Darjiling. Primaries varying from pale
creamy sulphur-yellow to pale ochreous ; a few brown scales, indicating the commencement
of an oblique band, between the cell and inner margin of the male, wholly absent from the
primaries of the female : secondaries sericeous white, the abdominal area and fringe tinted
with the colouring of the primaries: thorax distinctly ochreous or pale yellowish white ;
abdomen greyish black, but the two or three basal segments of the male and all the segments
of the female covered above with pale buff or whitish hair; the centre and edges of the
following segments in the male and the anal tuft ochreous. Under surface creamy white,
centre of venter purplish black, anal tuft ochreous. Expanse of wings, ¢ 38-41 millim., 9
48 millim.

Kangra valley, 4000 feet. Larva at Palampore, 26th April, on willow.

TRISULOIDES, Buti.

Trisuloides cerulea. (Plate CX XVIII. fig. 3.)

Primaries steel-grey, sericeous ; pattern almost identical with that of 7. sericea, but the
pale oblique belt beyond the middle more complete, with more distinct, grey, lunulated stripes
across it; the patch near external angle quite white, with the spots upon it grey : secondaries

F2

36 LIPARID ZA.

prussian blue; the base, costal area, and external margin dark brown shot with purple ; fringe
white towards anal angle, spotted with white between the anal patch and the apex: body
much blacker than in 7. sericea, but the male with whitish collar. Under surface blackish,
tinted with purple: primaries with a large, quadrate, ochreous patch in the cell and
abroad irregular ochreous band beyond it; apical portion of costal borders and fringe
regularly spotted with whitish; fringe at external angle white: secondaries shot with
blue on abdominal half; two very oblique blue-black stripes from costa to first median
branch, where they are united, the outer stripe being continued to anal angle; fringe as
above: ventral surface of body dull blackish grey. Expanse of wings, d 69 millim.,
? 73 millim.
Dharmsala; at sugar in August.

“The pair, a male and female, caught on one evening: the only specimens met
with.”

This beautiful species was evidently regarded by Mr. Hocking as one of the Noctuites,
with which he associated it in his boxes; consequently it was not discovered until the
Bombyces of the collection had been worked out and the plates prepared. It bears some
resemblance to the American genus Hypogramma; but structurally it corresponds more
nearly with the Liparid genus Trisula, to which there is no doubt of its affinity. In
Trisuloides the proboscis is well developed (as, indeed, itis in many Bombyces), and therefore
the fact of its having been obtained by sugaring is not surprising.

CHARNIDAS, Walk.

Charnidas umbrina. (Plate CX XIII. fig. 8.)
Procodeca umbrina, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 398.

3. Allied to C. exclamationis and ochracea. Primaries vinous brown; an angular series
of black-centred spots slightly paler than the ground-colour across the disc: secondaries
thinly scaled on the basal two thirds (giving the wing a greyish appearance), smoky brown,
slightly vinous on the fringe: thorax dull rufous brown; abdomen dark smoky brown.
Under surface smoky brown; veins and borders of the wings paler, inclining to buff: palpi,
tibie and tarsi of front pair of legs and tarsi of other legs ochreous. Expanse of wings
34 millim.

Kulu.

“‘Larve under stones, March 22nd, on which date were found larva, pupa, and imago.”
According to Mr. Moore Charnidas litura was confounded with it.

The genus Procodeca was founded by Mr. Walker for the reception of his supposed new

species P. guadrata, which consisted of three examples of Lelia cenosa and eight poor
specimens of L. obsoleta.

PARORGYIA.—LYMANTRIA. ol

PARORGYIA, Pack.

Parorgyia dalbergia. (Plate CX XIII. figs. 9-11.)
Dasychira dalbergie, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 399.

Allied to P. inclusa. Primaries dull copper-brown, with a faintly indicated, paler, sub-
basal spot ; an angulated, black-edged, pale marking at the end of the cell, two or three black
spots at base ; a cluster of whitish scales before the middle of the costa; an undulated black
line, white-edged on the costa, bounding a discal series of black-pupilled, oval, pale brown
spots; a marginal series of pale-bordered, subconical, black spots: secondaries whity
brown: thorax slightly greyer than the primaries; abdomen whity brown, with blackish
dorsal tufts on the basal segments. Under surface whity brown: discoidal area of
primaries greyish ; a grey spot at the end of the ‘cell and an oblique grey stripe starting
just beyond the third fourth of the costal margin and crossing the disc to the first median
branch ; a series of grey spots on the fringe: secondaries with a minute greyish dash at the
end of the cell and a subangulated, grey, discal stripe at third fourth: palpi, front of pectus,
and anterior legs smoky brown. Expanse of wings 37 millim.

@. Considerably larger than the male: the primaries more elongated; the discocellular
spot and the pale discal spots widened, confluent ; the submarginal black pupils of the
marginal spots modified into lunules and with white inner edges: antenne and front legs
sprinkled with whitish scales. Expanse of wings 66 millim.

Kangra valley.

3g, var.? Broader and much darker than the type: the primaries irrorated with white ;
a conspicuous white subbasal spot ; black centres of the discal series of spots more prominent,
partly white-edged; submarginal, white-edged, blackish lunules more nearly as in the
female; the discal stripe on under surface of all the wings further from the outer margin.
Expanse of wings 41 millim.

Kangra valley.

The caterpillar of this species (see Plate CX XXVIII. fig. 12) is of a brown colour and is
considerably more like that of Orgyia than of Dasychira.

LYMANTRIA, Hiibn.

Lymantria nigra. (Plate CX XIII. figs. 2, 3.)

Lymantria nigra, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 399.

Near to L. marginata, Walk., from Silhet and Darjiling. The male much darker owing
to the fact that all the brown intervals between the black lines on the primaries are much
narrower and of a deeper brown colour. The female differs in the greater width and

consequent confluence of the black lines across the primaries ; the secondaries sometimes have

38 LASIOCAMPID.

an oblique 7-shaped black dash on the discocellulars. In all other respects the two species
agree. Expanse of wings, d 41-47 millim., 2 66 millim.
Kangra valley.

Taken at rest on the bark of mango trees.
The L. carnecolor of Moore, described in the same paper as the above, seems identical
with Walker’s L. concolor.

LASIOCAMPIDA.

EUPTEROTE, Hiibn.

Eupterote fraterna. (Plate CXXIII. fig. 1.)
Eupterote fraterna, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 406.

3g. Allied to EZ. subdita. Fox-brown, tinted with pink: basal area of primaries crossed
by about six parallel indistinct greyish lines (only visible when examined from the side) ; a
dark wavy central stripe, wide on costa, very oblique and almost straight from costa to lower
radial vein; two regularly crinkled lines parallel to the central stripe beyond the middle ; the
commencement of two other barely visible lines beyond the latter; two parallel, nearly
straight, dark grey lines across the disc; two subapical, grey, ocelloid spots and a faint
indication of the usual submarginal line: secondaries with three scarcely visible, parallel, central,
wavy lines; two grey paraliel lines across the disc and the usual submarginal line, but
indistinct ; head and collar ochraceous. Under surface with all the markings excepting the
two discal lines obsolete. Expanse of wings 90 millim.

Dharmsala; on a wall.

Although at first sight this species might be taken for a pale example of E. cupreipennis
an examination of the markings on the wings and the colouring of the head and collar show
it to be more nearly related to E. subdita ; it is, however, quite distinct from any species in
the Museum series.

TARAGAMA, Moore.

Taragama castanoptera. (Plate CXXIV. fig. 1.)
Taragama castanoptera, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 404.

@. Allied to 7. repandum. Considerably larger and of a deep reddish-chocolate colour,
upon which the whitish markings show up strongly ; the secondaries and abdomen similarly
coloured to the primaries or only a little paler; the whitish band on the primaries narrow,
the veins beyond the band whitish; the fringe cream-coloured as on the primaries: the
thorax is creamy whitish, with a large patch of reddish chocolate on the tegule ; the abdomen

4
.
q

SATURNIA.—EURABILA. 39

deep reddish chocolate, with whitish fringes to the segments. Under surface similar to 7,
repandum, but with the veins whitish. Expanse of wings 91 millim.

¢, Kangra valley ; from pup spun in fern.

We have what seems to be the male of this species in the Museum collection; like the
female it is larger than the corresponding sex of T. robustum, the primaries being compara-
tively longer and narrower. The entire insect is greyer, darker, and more uniformly coloured.
T. igniflua of Ceylon, the female of which much resembles that sex of T. castanoptera, may
be distinguished by its whitish abdomen and paler secondaries. The male is too dissimilar
to be confounded with that sex of the Kangra species, inasmuch as it closely resembles its
female.

SATURNIIDA,

SATURNIA, Schr.

Saturnia hockingii. (Plate CX XIV. figs. 2, 3.)
Saturnia hockingii, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 402.

Intermediate in character between S. anna and S. pavonia-minor: form of S. anna;
coloration of S. pavonia-minor 2, but without the white patches and borders; the first
black-edged band of the primaries placed nearer to the base, the ocellus transversely
ovate; a brown nebula above and below the ocellus and a whity-brown nebula beyond
it; the two undulated black discal lines much more deeply sinuated; a third, but less
sharply defined line inside the ordinary lines from inner margin to median vein; no
red spot below the variegated apical patch; ordinary submarginal line very slender and
more irregular than in S. pavonia-minor; a second blacker line beyond it, limiting the
brown external border: secondaries with only one dusky stripe across the basal third,
ocellus coloured similarly to that of the primaries, paler than in the European species
and enclosing a prominent pure white lunule; area beyond the ocellus pink; discal and
submarginal lines differing somewhat as on the primaries: banding of abdomen obsolete.
The under surface differs much as above. Expanse of wings, ¢ 96 millim., 2 103 millim.

Kula. — Cocoon under stones.

The female is a little darker than the male.

LIMACODID 2.

EURABILA, gen. nov.

Nearest to Rabila, but in some respects corresponding with Thyatira and Gonophora.
The thorax higher ; the tegule longer and more pointed; the metathorax with a cup-like

40 LIMACODID&.

crest; abdomen very similar to Thyatira, with the same tufts; palpi short, thick, with very
short terminal joint ; antenne slender, tapering, with extremely short and fine ciliation ; legs
very robust, with very woolly femora; wings longer than in Aadbila, with very similar

neuration.

Eurabila lignea. (Plate CXX VIII. fig. 6.)

Most like the genus Becula, from Venezuela, in the style of coloration of the primaries ;
the latter are pale olive-brown, varied with whitish; the basal fifth vinous brown, varied with
whitish and with slaty grey on the costa, bounded towards inner margin by two conspicuous
dark brown spots ; centre of costal border white, barred with slaty grey ; central belt repre-
sented by two very irregular divergent white stripes edged with olive-brown; four dark
mahogany-brown oblique lines in the cell, the first and fourth edged externally, and the
second internally, with white; reniform marking narrow, elongated, white with olive-brown
central and mahogany-brown external line ; two stripes between the cell to the inner margin,
the first angulated, mahogany-brown, abbreviated, the second for the most part olive-brown,
zigzag ; veins on each side of the central belt white spotted with black; an irregularly
sinuated, dark mahogany-brown, submarginal band commencing in a partly slaty-grey
triangular costal patch and bounded externally by a whitish line ; apex pale olivaceous spotted
with mahogany-brown ; remainder of external border varied by blackish lines and pyriform
slaty-grey spots upon the veins: secondaries pale greyish brown, with slightly darker external
border and discocellular spot; basi-costal area pearly white: head dark grey irrorated with
whitish, back of head and centre of collar whitish; thorax whitish; shoulders and tegulez
purplish brown ; dorsal crest with purplish and buff edges ; abdomen pale brown with reddish
tufts. Wings below sericeous whitish, the costal borders slightly reddish and speckled with
blackish scales ; centre of primaries greyish in. certain lights; all the wings with two greyish
discal lines; a marginal series of blackish dots; fringe of primaries tipped with black;
secondaries with a grey discocellular spot divided by the whitish veinlet ; pectus pale smoky
grey ; tibiz and tarsiin front blackish, barred with whitish ; venter pale brown, slightly reddish.
Expanse of wings, ¢ 42 millim., 2 49 millim.

Dharmsala;: at sugar in July; a rare species.

This is one of the most puzzling species in the collection ; it is therefore not surprising
that it was placed with the Noctuites in Mr. Hocking’s boxes; in many of its features it
resembles them, but it appears to have more affinity to the Limacodide.

PARASA, Walk.

Parasa hockingii. (Plate CX XIV. fig. 4.)
Parasa hockingii, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 403.

Near to P. lepida: base of primaries rufous brown instead of blackish, outer edge

APHENDALA.—DREPANA. 4]

of central green belt sigmoidal instead of nearly straight; external area paler, greyer
internally ; secondaries paler; thorax with a smaller central brown patch. Expanse of
wings 28 millim.

“Dharmsala: at sugar in June; rare species.”

APHENDALA, Walk.

Aphendala fasciata. (Plate CXXIV. fig. 6.)
Aphendala fasciata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 403.

Mouse-brown, with bronze reflections: primaries sericeous, crossed in the middle by a
broad lilacine-greyish belt ; apical border washed with the same colour; a blackish spot at
the end of the cell and a few black scales scattered over the wing: body slightly yellower
than the wings. Under surface sericeous grey; secondaries paler than the primaries,
irrorated with black scales. Expanse of wings 31 millim.

Dharmsala.

CANIA, Walk.

Cania suffusa. (Plate CXXIV. fig. 5.)
Miresa suffusa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 403.

Near to C. sericea and C. bilinea, but smaller than either; the primaries less silky in
texture, more distinctly flesh-coloured, with only one brown line parallel to the outer margin;
thorax more rosy than in either of the above. Expanse of wings 24 millim.

Dharmsala.

In this species the palpi are unusually large ; so that it may eventually be separated as a
distinct genus from Cania: the character is, however, probably only of specific value.

DREPANULIDA.

DREPANA, Schr.
Drepana lilacina, (Plate CXXIV. fig. 8.)
Drepana lilacina, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 401.

Varying from silver-grey to pale straw-colour ; wings crossed by two slightly divergent,
straight, slender, yellow-edged, brown lines; the outer line commencing on the costa of
G

42 DREPANULID.

primaries close to the apex; costal margin of primaries ochreous ; two dark brown costal
spots, one at the commencement of the inner line, the other at apical third; two to five
submarginal blackish dots; fringe dark brown at base and outer edge: face greyish brown;
antenne golden brown, the base of the shank stcel-blue or black. Under surface deeper in
colour and more sericeous than the upper surface, unmarked. Expanse of wings 33-
41 millim.

Dharmsala, in September ; taken at sugar.

Very closely allied to D. japonica; of a different tint and with narrower and deeper
yellow edging to the brown lines ; the primaries rather longer.

Drepana simillima. (Plate CXXIV. fig. 9.)
Drepana simillima, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 402.

Closely allied to the precediug ; pale sandy buff, with paler-edged brown lines as in D.
lilacina: primaries with similar brown costal markings; a minute oblique brown litura on
the upper discocellular veinlet and a brown spot at the inferior angle of the cell: costal area
of secondaries whitish: face golden brown; antennz golden brown, the base of the shank
steel-blue. Under surface pale sericeous golden brown, the primaries suffused in front with
greyish ; the female with a grey discal line across the wings and a small grey lunule at the
end of the cell of primaries. Expanse of wings, ¢ 38 millim., 9 43 millim.

Dharmsala.

It is possible that this may prove to be a variety of D. lilacina; it was, however, kept
separate by Mr. Hocking.

AGNIDRA, Moore.

Agnidra violacea, sp. n. (Plate CX XIV. fig. 7.)

Violaceous grey ; wings crossed by two divergent pale ochreous lines, the inner one of
primaries transverse, angulated on the median vein, slightly sinuous below it, starting at
basal fourth of costal margin and terminating at about the basal third of inner margin ;
outer line oblique, elbowed towards costa, crossing the disc; the lines on the secondaries are
nearly straight, the inner one at basal third, the outer one just beyond the middle of the
wing ; costal margin of primaries ochreous ; head and antenne brown. Wings below greyer
and more sericeous than above, the lines wanting; fringes brownish, tipped with testaceous ;
anterior cox whitish. Expanse of wings 39 millim.

Dharmsala.

Somewhat like the Geometrid genus Noreia.

>

PERIDREPANA.—PROBLEPSIS. 43

PERIDREPANA, gen. nov.

Allied to Drepana and Auzata ; the primaries less falcated than in Drepana ; the discoidal
cell of the secondaries a little more elongated; the antennz of the male broadly plumose to

the tips, as in the genus Nyssia amongst the Geometrites.

Peridrepana hyalina. (Plate CXXV. fig. 1.)
Drepana hyalina, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 401.

Semitransparent white: the primaries crossed at basal third and again just beyond the
middle by two parallel undulated grey lines, the outermost of these lines is dotted with little
blackish dashes upon the veins from the subcostal to the median vein, and thence to the
inner margin it is widened, the third line in the male is interrupted beyond the cell; a fifth
black-dotted submarginal line is indicated; two black dots placed obliquely at the end of
the cell, and a more or less complete marginal series at the end of the nervures ; costal margin
ochreous: secondaries crossed from the middle to the abdominal margin by four ill-defined
undulated grey lines, the outermost one dotted with blackish; a more or less defined slender
grey marginal line; two blackish dots placed obliquely at the end of the cell: antennze pale
creamy yellowish, with grey ciliation. Face, legs, and underside of costal margin of primaries
pale ochraceous ; veins slightly ochraceous, markings below obsolete. LExpanse of wings
40-41 millim.

Kulu, on trunks of trees in March.

The Comibena fenestraria of Moore, which seems to be the specularis of the same author,
to judge by our examples, is a Drepanulid, closely allied to Auzata; one example was in
Mr. Hocking’s collection, The genus differs from Auzata chiefly in the long and acutely
angulated upper discocellular veinlet in the primaries, the upper radial beimg emitted from
the angle, also in the much greater distance between the emission of the subcostal branches
of the secondaries and the consequent prominence of the anterior extremity of the discoidal
cell. This genus may be called Macrauzata.

PROBLEPSIS, Hiidn.
Problepsis vulgaris, sp.n. (Plate CXXV. fig. 2.)

The commonest species in the genus: snow-white, with markings somewhat as in
P. deliaria, but the central ocelloid patches darker, more black-spotted, more brilliantly
spangled with silver, a little more elongated, that of the secondaries frequently as distinct as
those of the primaries; antennz paler than in the Ceylonese species. Expanse of wings
33-34 millim.
Kangra.
G2

4g CERURIDA.—-NOTODONTID£.

This species, according to Mr. Hocking, lies flat on the exposed side of a leaf, a habit
rather suggestive of affinity to the group of Geometrites, with which M. Guénée associated
the genus ; the genera Auzata and Macrocilix nevertheless seem to link Problepsis to the
Drepanulide, ot which it is certainly the most Geometriform genus.

CERURID.

DICRANURA, Latr.

Dicranura himalayana. (Plate CXXV. fig. 3.)
Cerura himalayana, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 400.

Nearly allied to D. menciana of China; the black markings even more indistinct, some
of them almost obsolete ; the ground-colour of the wings scarcely darker than in D. felina of
Japan; the prothorax darker, the black spots on the thorax small ; the abdomen black, with
white edges to the segments, dorsal, lateral, and anal tufts. Expanse of wings, ¢ 58 millim.,
2 75 millim.

Dharmsala. Larve on willow.

The pattern of the wings is practically the same in all the species of the D. vinula group ;
in the present species the lines are formed as in D. menciana, the two deeply zigzag discal
lines being much nearer together than in D. vinula; the third imperfect line between the
above and the cell is, however, wholly wanting in D. himalayana.

NOTODONTIDA.

STAUROPUS, Germ.

Stauropus berberise. (Plate CXXYV. fig. 4.)
Stauropus berberisie, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 400.

Closely allied to S. alternus. The primaries darker, with a pale-edged, black, oblique,
zigzag, subbasal line; discoidal spots black-edged ; spots across the disc and marginal spots
black, edged with white, instead of brick-red: thorax darker. Expanse of wings, J 40 millim.,
9 67 millim.

Dharmsala. Larva on Berderisa and wild pear, July and August.

Mr. Moore records the altitude as 6200 feet.

a ee

PERIDEA.—HYBOMA. 45

PERIDEA, Steph.
Peridea basistriga. (Plate CXXV. figs. 5, 6.)

Heterocampa basistriga, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 400.

9. Closely allied to P. sikkima: primaries a little wider, much blacker, and with all the
black markings more prominent ; the yellow scaling obsolete ; the central belt wider, so that
its outer edge approaches nearer to the outer margin: secondaries without the reddish tinge
of P. sikkima: thorax and abdomen corresponding in colouring with the primaries and
secondaries respectively. Under surface greyer, the yellowish tinge of P. sikkima being absent.
Expanse of wings 56 millim.

Two very worn examples of the male have the white markings on the primaries more
pronounced than in the female, and the secondaries almost wholly pure white. Expanse of
wings 47-49 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar.

Said to be a rare species.
The genus Peridea is quite distinct from Heterocampa in structure, and though there is
a general resemblance in pattern between the two genera, they are not even nearly allied.

TRIANA, Hiibn.
Trizna denticulata. (Plate CXXV. fig. 8.)
Trizena denticulata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 408.

Nearest to 7. furcifera from Florida, but the narrow primaries suffused with brown, and
with a black basal streak in the female connected with the “ dagger ” streak by an intermediate
dark brown shade, a second more or less pronounced dark brown shade or streak on the
radial interspaces connecting the discal denticulated black line with the outer margin, thus
producing a fair copy of the primaries of Destolmia insignis of Japan: the secondaries, unlike
those of T. furcifera, are pearly white, the outer half of the veins, a few marginal lunules, and
afew small spots on the frmge dark brown: body grey; the thorax brownish in front.
Primaries below silvery whitish, tinted on the costal half with brown; costal margin pure

white, crossed by a few brown dashes: secondaries almost as above. Expanse of wings 40
millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar. Rare.

HYBOMA, Hiibn.

Hyboma divisa. (Plate CXXV. fig. 7.)

Hyboma divisa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 409.

Basal half and outer border of primaries whitish, clouded with smoky greyish brown; a

46 NOTODONTIDA.

basal irregular longitudinal black streak, excavated in front, below the cell; three or four
black costal markings and two oblique, zigzag, blackish lines from costa to inner margin
across the basal third ; orbicular spot outlined in black ; the whole disc smoky greyish brown,
bounded internally and traversed externally by two zigzag denticulated black lines; the
costa black-spotted, a longitudinal black streak below the first median branch; a dentate-
sinuate, submarginal, white stripe; several small black spots at external angle: secondaries
pale sericeous brown, the fringe spotted with white: thorax silvery whitish, clouded with
smoky brown and edged with black; abdomen pale smoky brown. Under surface sericeous
whitish : costa of primaries white, spotted here and there with blackish: secondaries almost
white ; costal area and apex slightly browner, speckled with blackish and crossed in the
middle by a short transverse blackish bar; a spot at end of cell, an arched discal series, and
a series on the fringe blackish: femora black above; tibiz and tarsi banded with black.
Iixpanse of wings 35 millim,

Dharmsala; taken at sugar.

This species has the general coloration of H. striyosa of Europe, but the separation of
the primaries into two distinct areas, light and dark, and the far superior size would be
sufficient to distinguish it at a glance, apart from the many differences in pattern which
characterize it.

Hyboma umbrifera. (Plate CXXVI. fig. 1.)

Pale brown: basal fourth of primaries dark cupreous brown, bounded externally by the
inner black line of the central belt which occupies the central two fourths of the wing, and is
bounded externally by an irregular arched and sinuated black line, acutely projected on first
median interspace, below which it turns abruptly backwards and then transversely to the
imner margin, so as to leave a quadrate pale patch at external angle; the lower third of the
central belt to above the projecting portion blackish brown; a distinct, oblique, black dash
from the costa to the reniform spot; both the discoidal spots large, pale brown with whitish

margins and brown edges ; the “ orbicular”

spot almost triangular, the “reniform” spot
8-shaped ; a black spot edged with silver-grey near base of interno-median area, and an
oblique, similarly-coloured dash beyond it, but below the submedian vein ; a black longitudinal
dash at about the middle of the external border; outer margin slenderly black ; fringe white,
tipped with brown: secondaries shining, witha pale cupreous lustre ; basi-costal area whitish :
body whitish brown, the collar traversed by a black line. Under surface of wings pale
shining cupreous brown; the secondaries with an oblique dash at the end of the cell, and an
arched denticulated discal stripe blackish: body below whity brown, the palpi and legs
slightly testaceous. Expanse of wings 33 millim.
Dharmsala,

Mr. Hocking only obtained one specimen of this very singular and distinct species.

ee ee ey

PHEOSIA.—HABROSYNE. AT

PHEOSIA, Hiibn.
Pheosia fasciata. (Plate CX XV. figs. 9, 10.)
Pheosa (sic) fasciata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 401.

-g. Pale stramincous, sericeous: primaries darker than secondaries, edged with dark red-
brown, interrupted on the costa and fringe; a narrow dark brown dash in the cell, its apex
terminating on the second median branch; upper radial dark brown towards its base: secon-
daries with the fringe dark brown at anal angle: thorax pale ash-grey, irrorated with dark
red-brown scales; abdomen greyish white; anterior tarsi barred with dark red. Under
surface shining white with golden reflections ; costa and fringe redder than above: pectus
sprinkled with reddish hairs. Expanse of wings 39 millim.

?. Either resembling the male or much darker, the primaries suffused with sepia-brown,
clouded on costal half with darker brown, varied with whitish as follows :—a whitish inter-
rupted band at basal fourth, a second oblique angular patch at the end of the cell, an oblique
subapical streak continuous with a submarginal stripe and the inferior edges of the median
branches ; the veins, excepting where interrupted by the whitish bands or patches, black ;
this colouring being expanded into a series of prominent dashes on the dise: secondaries with
a dusky border ; fringe spotted and partly edged with dark brown; thorax cinereous, without
reddish irroration ; abdomen with two confluent dark brown spots forming an imperfect semi-
circle on the basal segment. Primaries and border of secondaries below pale sepia-brown,
the former with a pale arched diffused whitish band across the disc, the usual dark spots on
the costa and fringe. Expanse of wings 47 millim.

Dharmsala (6200 feet). Larva feeds on cherry.

The Rhizogramma inextricata of Moore is nearly allied to the genus Callenia, but has
much elongated palpi with naked terminal joint (Callenia saga from Japan is probably
identical though slightly darker) : the genus may be called Huscotia.

CYMATOPHORID.

HABROSYNE, Hiidn.

Habrosyne fraterna. (Plate CX XV. fig. 11.)
Habrosyne fraterna, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 406.

Closely allied to H. derasa of Europe, slightly larger and duller in colouring: primaries
with the white subbasal costal patch (commencing the two ordinary divergent white lines) and
the grey patch below it as broad and prominent as in H. scripta of the United States ;

central area bronze-brown instead of ochraceous; the parallel discal lines dark brown and

48 CYMATOPHORID.

less acutely crinkled ; the white submarginal line less prominent, and the border a little paler :

secondaries slightly paler: prothorax less rufous. Expanse of wings 44-47 millim.
Dharmsala; July.

This species will stand between H. derasa and H. indica; in colouring, though not in
marking, it is nearer to the latter.

THYATIRA, Hiibn.

Thyatira batis, var. cognata. (Plate CXXV. fig. 12.)

Thyatira cognata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 406.

A little duller than typical 7. batis, and with the central dorsal spot of the primaries
obsolete, giving the insect nearly the character of 7. vicina of Java; secondaries darker than
in most examples of 7. datis. Expanse of wings 40-45 millim.

Dharmsala.

* At sugar, and from larvee on raspberry ; the larve found 16th June, pup 20th. A
curiously twisting larva.”

Although Mr. Hocking’s collection contained six examples of this form, all differing
from the European type in the above noted characters, there was also one example of the
normal pattern and coloration, showing that although T. cognata is the prevalent form at
Dharmsala, it is not at present a constant and therefore distinct species.

POLYPLOCA, Hiibn.

Polyploca orbicularis. (Plate CXXVI. fig. 2.)

Palimpsestis orbicularis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 407.

Nearly allied to P. flavicornis of Europe, but much browner; the wings more sericeous ;
the inner black line of the central belt of primaries more angular, the four lines across the
basal area better defined and more irregular ; the discoidal spots smaller and better defined ;
the secondaries darker and more uniformly coloured; the collar frequently reddish. Under
surface darker and more uniformly coloured. Expanse of wings 41-43 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar.

“Very like Thyatira (batis, var. cognata) in its movements and manner of flight.”

The genus Polyploca was founded by Hiibner for the reception of the single species
P. xanthoceros=ridens, Fabr.; it only differs from Palimpsestis, subsequently described by the
same author, in the narrower primaries of all the species.

POLYPLOCA. 49

Polyploca albidisca. (Plate CXXVI. fig. 3.)

ie)

Palimpsestis albidisca, Warren, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 299.

General aspect and coloration of P. ocularis. Primaries grey, varied with pale reddish
brown, crossed by eleven sinuous lines, the fourth and part of the sixth black, the others
dark grey; a black basal patch, crossed by an oblique interrupted white dash; the interval
between the first and second lines whitish on costa and at inner margin; the interval between
the fourth and sixth lines white from the median vein to the inner margin; the interval
between the ninth and tenth lines whitish at its extremities; a submarginal series of blackish
lunules with pale edges ; marginal line lunulated, black ; fringe grey, with a whity-brown
basal line and a silvery-white edge: secondaries pale sericeous grey, with brown external
border ; costa whitish; fringe as in primaries » head and prothorax whity brown, sprinkled
with little black lines, remainder of body almost white. Under surface very like that of the
preceding species. Expanse of wings 38 millim.

?, Dharmsala ; at sugar, in October.

A second female of this species was obtained by Major Yerbury at Berham Gulley,
Campbellpore, in September.

Polyploca renalis. (Plate CXXVI. fig. 4.)
Palimpsestis renalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1888, p. 407.

Most like P. ocularis. Primaries grey, tinted with rose-pink ; a basi-costal whitish patch,
below which is a black and grey <-shaped marking; three or four slightly oblique, irregular
dark grey lines, followed by the black inner line of the central belt, this line is irregularly
undulated ; central belt whitish, enclosing a y-shaped, alternately black and orange marking
in place of the reniform stigma; outer line of central belt black, irregularly sinuated and
unequally biangulated ; four imperfect irregular discal lines, blackish at their extremities ;
outer border dark grey, tapering to apex and inner angle, and bounded internally by an
undulated black line ; a submarginal series of black dots; fringe whity brown flecked with
blackish : secondaries dark bronze-brown, with the costa pale; fringe whitish, traversed by a

grey stripe: head whitish or white, barred with black; antenne ochraceous ; thorax whitish
varied with rufous brown ; a brown line in front, crossing the base of the tegule; abdomen
silvery brownish grey. Under surface similar to the preceding species. Expanse of wings
40 millim.

@, Dharmsala; at sugar.

A worn example of this species was confounded with the series of P. orbicularis.

50 LEUCANIIDA.

LEUCANIID:.

ALETIA, Hiibn.
Aletia exanthemata. (Plate CX XVI. fig. 6.)

Aletia exanthemata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 410.

Nearest to A. vitellina of Europe; a little deeper in colouring: the secondaries more
suffused with brown ; the two lines limiting the central belt closer together and much less
angular ; an additional oblique line beyond the central belt, its upper extremity uniting with
the submarginal line on the last subcostal branch; the submarginal line more distinctly
undulated; all the lines dotted with black upon the veins; a marginal series of black dots :
collar of the male traversed bya blackish line. Expanse of wings, ¢ 35 millim., 9 40 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar, July and August.

Aletia rudis. (Plate CXXVI. figs. 7, 8.)

Aletia rudis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 411.

Closely allied to A. lithargyria of Europe; both sexes coloured like the female of that
species, but without a trace of the dark transverse lines indicating the limits of the central
belt of the primaries, but with a series of small black lunules across the disc; the whole
surface of these wings being, moreover, more or less distinctly transversely striated with
ochreous ; secondaries greyer. Expanse of wings, ¢ 37 millim., 2 41 millim.

s

Dharmsala ; at sugar.

Aletia fraterna. (Plate CX XVI. fig. 9.)

Aletia fraterna, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 410.

Near to A. lithargyria; rather larger and more pink in colouring ; the primaries without
the ordinary lines or black dots, but striated as in the preceding species ; the veins and costal
margin white. Expanse of wings 48 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar.

It is possible that A. fraterna (the unique specimen of which was associated by Mr.
Hocking with A. albicosta of the same author) may turn out to be nothing more than a well-
marked variety of A. albicosta: it differs, nevertheless, in the absence of the orange markings
and black dots on the primaries, and in its generally more rosy coloration, in which
characters it more nearly approaches A. rudis.

=. -7 =

ee ee ee

LEUCANIA. 51

LEUCANIA, Hiibn.

Leucania percisa. (Plate CX XVI. figs. 10, 11.)
Leucania percisa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 410.

Near to L. straminea of Europe and still nearer to L. venalba of India. It differs from
the latter in its slightly longer primaries, the costal border of which is of the clear sericeous
whity-brown tint of the submedian area, instead of being greyish as in L. venalba; in the
more ivory-white median vein with its third branch and the much darker shade enclosing
them: the secondaries more or less clouded with grey, especially at the outer margin, but
usually without the black marginal dots of L. venalba ; the fringe in dark males traversed by
a dusky stripe. Expanse of wings 36-38 millim.

6 ?, Dharmsala; at sugar in July.

It seems a little doubtful whether this is really a distinct species from L. venalba ; but
as Mr. Hocking only obtained one example of the latter, the question must at present remain
unsettled ; a longer series might render the separation of the two forms impossible, as in the
case of L. l-album, penicillata, and bistrigata.

Leucania irrorata. (Plate CXXVI. fig. 12.)
Leucania irrorata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 409.

Primaries sericeous whity brown, irrorated with fine black scales; a short longitudinal
blackish basal line below the median vein, a black spot at the end of the cell followed by two
or three small irregular blackish markings; the end of median vein and commencement of
its third branch white; a marginal series of black dots: secondaries sericeous silvery grey
with faint golden reflections ; veins and margin dusky ; fringe yellowish at base, traversed by
a grey stripe and tipped with silvery white: thorax whity brown; palpi blackish at the sides ;
collar traversed by three squamose blackish lines; abdomen greyish. Wings below silvery
white, the primaries strongly and the secondaries slightly tinted with brassy yellow; costal
borders irrorated with black; a marginal series of black dots: body below whity brown,
slightly greyish. Expanse of wings 38 millim.

Dharmsala.

Leucania bifasciata. (Plate CXXVI. fig. 13.)
Leucania bifasciata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 410.

Primaries sericeous reddish clay-colour, washed with purplish lake in the discoidal cell,
which is flanked in front and behind by a broad streak of cream-colour; outer half of median
vein and veins on the disc slenderly pure white, the basal half of the median vein and a
longitudinal streak curving upwards to near apex grey; a black dot at the inferior angle of

H 2

Or
bo

LEUCANIIDA.—xXYLOPHASIIDA,

the cell; a transverse series of short elongated blackish dots on the veins; fringe grey,
sericeous, shot with pink: secondaries pale brownish grey, silvery on costa; fringe whitish,
traversed by a grey stripe; margin and fringe tinted with pink: body white; head, collar,
and anus slightly greyish, edged with pink; the collar traversed by two dark grey lines.
Primaries below shining rosy whitish, the discoidal area, excepting the median streak,
blackish, the internal borders white; frimge dark grey: secondaries shining white; costal and
apical areas pink irrorated with black; fringe tinted with pink at apex: body below dull
flesh-pink. Expanse of wings 35 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar.

TYMPANISTES, Moore.

Tympanistes rubidorsalis. (Plate CXXVI. fig. 5.)
Tympanistes rubidorsalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 409.

Nearly allied to 7. pallida: primaries broader, with more angulated outer margin, pale
yellowish brown irrorated with dark brown, sericeous, more or less tinted with pink, thinly
scaled; a brown annulus at the end of the cell and two very faintly indicated, irregularly
sinuated, grey lines representing the central belt: secondaries white, transparent, with rosy
abdominal area: head and thorax whity brown ; abdomen rose-red, with the margins of the
posterior segments and the sides pure white. Under surface white; wings sericeous, pearly ;
tarsi brownish. Expanse of wings 50 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar.

“ Makes a noise like a small policeman’s rattle.”

XYLOPHASIID.

XYLOPHASIA, Steph.

Xylophasia repetita. (Plate CXXVIT. figs. 1, 2.)

Allied to X. hepatica of England, redder, the black markings replaced by red-brown ;
the reniform spot blackish with a pale border; the pale subbasal stripe of the primaries
crossing the wing, not interrupted by a blackish internal patch as in X. hepatica; the
outlines of the central belt more oblique; the submarginal pale stripe indistinct, bounded
internally by a complete series of red-brown spots in pairs and followed by a series of longi-
tudinal blackish dashes instead of the black marginal spots: secondaries gradually darker
from the middle to the outer margin, but with no defined external border; a series of dusky
marginal lunules followed by a pale tawny line at the base of the fringe. Female like the
male, or else almost exactly like X. ateritia of Europe. Expanse of wings 42-50 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in July: a rare species.

=

oa
oo

NEURIA.—MAMESTRA.

NEURIA, Guén.

Neuria auripicta. (Plate CXXVII. fig. 3.)

Nearest to N. incisa: primaries sepia-brown, tinted with slaty grey on costal border and
most of the veins and varied with black patches and spots between the veins somewhat as
in N. saponarie ; a line across the base, a narrow interrupted stripe across the basal fourth,
a broad internal streak, the outlines of the discoidal spots, several costal dots, an oblique
conical spot (enclosing afew dusky scales), a submarginal stripe, acutely angulated close to
external angle, and two narrow undulated lines on the fringe, golden yellow; the median
vein and a streak along its first branch silvery white: secondaries sericeous pale brown, with
a darker discal arched line and diffused external border; fringe yellow at base, white
externally and traversed by a central series of dusky lunules: body similar to the allied
** Heliophobus”’ dissectus of Walker, but the thorax much blacker. Under surface darker
and better marked than in any other species. Expanse of wings 40 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in July.

APAMEID.

MAMESTRA, Ochs.

Mamestra terranea. (Plate CXXVII. fig. 10.)

Nearest to WM. brassicae, having the same general coloration ; smaller, the wings tinted
with lilac in certain lights; all the lines across the primaries decidedly less irregular; the
black lines limiting the central belt bordered with pale brown lunules; the denticles of the
outer line extending along the veins and spotted with white ; the orbicular spot larger and
with angular outer edge, the reniform spot terminating in two clear white dots as in most
examples of M. brassice, but neither of the discoidal spots pale-bordered ; the submarginal
line grey instead of white; the marginal black spots small. Wings below with two parallel
externo-discal dark grey lines parallel to the outer border. Expanse of wings 43 millim.

Dharmsala; taken at sugar.

Three examples only were in Mr. Hocking’s collection.

54 NOCTUIDA.

NOCTUID.

TIRACOLA, Moore.

Tiracola violacea. (Plate CXXVII. fig. 5.) *

General aspect of a Graphiphora, but with broader wings and quite different pattern ;
nearest to 7. spectabilis from Australia, the pattern quite the same: primaries shining dark
violet grey with cupreous reflections; the discocellular patch and hastate discal spots
chocolate-brown ; lines of the central belt grey, indistinct, the black dots terminating the
denticles sharply defined ; the white costal dots sordid, but that at origin of lower radial vein
pure and distinct : secondaries deep shining bronze-brown; basi-costal area shining, brassy ;
fringe pale, with a grey central band: thorax purplish brown; abdomen grey-brown, anal
tuft golden brown. Underside shining smoky greyish brown with golden reflections ; a grey
line, darkest on secondaries, across the disc ; secondaries with reddish costal area. Expanse
of wings 58 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar: rare,
g to)

Three examples were obtained, but only one in good condition.

SPELOTIS, Boisd.

Spzlotis ambigua. (Plate CX XVIII. figs. 10, 11.)

Closely allied to S. “ Graphiphora”’ valida (the Japanese representative of S. ravida*); of
the same size ; the primaries slightly more sericeous and without the black dart-like marking ;
the secondaries bronze-brown, nearly as dark as the primaries; thorax rather darker than in
S. valida. Expanse of wings 42-48 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar,

A beautiful variety occurs in which the primaries are rosy, flecked with dark brown ; the
ordinary markings for the most part yellowish white ; the thorax yellowish in front, inclining
to sienna-red behind, and with the black and grey lines consequently strongly defined.

CHERSOTIS, Boisd.

Chersotis nivisparsa. (Plate CXXVII. fig. 11.)

Q. Nearest to C. multangula; similar in pattern, excepting that the denticulation of
the outer line of the central belt is more pronounced: ground-colour of primaries similar,

* The Agrotis cilis of Staudinger is probably the same thing poorly figured.

a

‘
‘
;

TRIPH ENOPSIS. 55

but all the veins sprinkled with white scales ; the discoidal spots larger, their margins partly
yellow, forming the characters G K; submarginal spots also yellow: secondaries darker and
more sericeous than in C. mu/tangula. Costal borders of wings below whitish, irrorated with
black scales; a dusky discal stripe across all the wings; primaries with a diffused dusky
submarginal band followed by a whitish-speckled border and a marginal series of black lituree ;
fringe whitish, with a dusky central stripe: body fuliginous brown; tarsi above black, with
pale ochraceous bands. Expanse of wings 39 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar.

TRIPHENOPSIS, Buti.

Triphenopsis inepta. (Plate CXXVII. figs. 6, 7.)

Allied to T. lucilla of Japan: primaries with the same pattern, but entirely different
colouring, purplish grey, slightly suffused with golden brown beyond the central belt; the
black markings less prominent than in T. lucilla, the central belt dark throughout, the
reniform spot whity brown, clouded with grey in the male, white in the female: secondaries
paler than in 7. lucilla, the central patch pale stramineous, much larger and traversed
externally by a badly-defined brown line ; fringe stramineous, flecked with brown: thorax of
male smoky grey, palest behind the collar; abdomen pale dust-grey, with dark dorsal tufts
and rufous-brown anal tuft: entire body of female sordid whitish. Under surface paler
throughout than in T. lucilla, the blackish belt of secondaries reduced to a submarginal
stripe. Expanse of wings, ¢ 44 millim., 2? 43 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in October.

Triphenopsis diminuta. (Plate CXXVII. figs. 8, 9.)

On the upper surface almost exactly like the preceding species in colour and marking,
but much smaller; the central belt rather narrower below the middle and the head and
thorax uniformly paler than in males of 7. inepta: on the under surface the primaries and
the submarginal band of secondaries are blacker, throwing the paler portions of the wings
into bolder relief; the cell of the secondaries is considerably longer and the discocellular
black spot consequently farther from the base ; lastly, the discal blackish lunulated line is
invariably absent. Expanse of wings 32-37 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar.

Extremely like the preceding; but nevertheless rightly regarded by Mr. Hocking as a
distinct species. Six examples were obtained, varying a little inter se, yet agreeing in the
characters noted above; one very much worn male has the reniform spot white as in the
female of 7. inepta.

56 NOCTUIDA.— ORTHOSIID.

TRIPHENA, Ochs.

Triphena fuscicollis. (Plate CXXVII. fig. 4.)

Nearest to T. fimbria. The primaries a little broader, pale reddish clay-coloured; the
costa and basal two thirds smeared with brassy bronze, two divergent slender grey lines
limiting the central area, the inner line oblique, the outer transverse, slightly incurved
towards costa; a rounded black spot at the posterior fourth of the outer line; a marginal
series of blackish dots and a slender undulated deep ochreous line at base of fringe:
secondaries bright ochreous, basi-costal area brassy ; a zigzag abbreviated black band
running obliquely from the second subcostal to the submedian vein ; a tapering series of six
subconfluent black spots close to outer margin from first subcostal to first median branch :
head and collar deep chocolate-brown; thorax grey, shining ; abdomen testaceous, with
greyish lateral and anal tufts. Wings below ochreous, the costal and external areas suffused
with brownish grey: primaries with a broad triangular blackish patch forming a broad belt,
with straight outer edge, from costal vein to near the inner margin; marginal dots and fringe
as above: secondaries with a black dot at end of cell and a black band as above, but continued
as a straight tapering stripe to costal vein; fringe grey, with a yellow basal line: body below
brownish grey. Expanse of wings 55 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in July.

‘A very rare species. The only pair taken in three years’ pretty constant sugaring in
the same place and thirteen years’ collecting in the district.”—Hocking.

T. fuscicollis is the only species of the genus which has the head and collar deep brown
and in which the band of the secondaries does not form a broad external border.

ORTHOSIID A.

SEMIOPHORA, Séeph.

Semiophora orthosioides. (Plate CXXVIII. fig. 1.)

Upperside smoky cinereous ; pattern very similar to Orthosia lota of Europe, excepting
that the submarginal whitish line is still more regular and, instead of having a red inner
edging, shows only three or four small spots of this colour at intervals; the fringe also is
considerably wider, the thorax darker and the abdomen paler. The colouring in many
examples is much paler than in the type and resembles that of Orthosia kindermanni, but
still with the same straight submarginal whitish line edged with red spots. The under
surface, again, resembles that of O. dota. Expanse of wings 29 millim.

Mundi; at sugar in March,

Evidently a common species.

Qn
~J

A NCHOCELIS.—XESTIA.

ANCHOCELIS, Guén.

Anchocelis tenuis. (Plate CXXVII. fig. 12.)

Colouring of A. carneago: primaries coffee-coloured, washed with sericeous pinky
lilacine excepting between the discoidal spots, where there is a darker dull patch of coffee-
colour ; the discoidal spots themselves quite normal in form, of the same colour as the ground-
tint ; lines of the central belt ill-defined ; submarginal line macular, well marked from the
costa to the third median branch ; fringe dull coffee-coloured: secondaries pink with a pale
golden gloss ; fringe foxy red, with pale basal line: thorax dull chocolate-coloured ; antenne
with whitish shank; abdomen pale brown, with foxy-red lateral and terminal tufts. Wings
below with foxy-red borders ; remainder of primaries grey with cupreous gloss, of secondaries
whitish with golden gloss; indications of two discal lines; secondaries with a dusky disco-
cellular dot: body below foxy red. Expanse of wings 38 millim.

Laka; taken at light in June.

XESTIA, Hiibn.

Xestia melonina. (Plate CXXVIII. fig. 7.)

Primaries above bright ochreous, crossed by seven slender dark rufous-brown lines; the
first four in pairs across the basal third, the fifth more strongly defined, almost central, tri-
sinuated, with the middle sinuation deepest, the sixth and seventh subangulated, almost
parallel, crossing the disc, bounded externally by pale lunulated stripes; discoidal spots pale ;
a brownish-ferruginous spot between them bounded by the central line; an ill-defined
ferruginous band bounded externally by each of the discal lines and a less-defined squamose
submarginal streak ; a dark brown undulated marginal line; fringe tipped with ferruginous :
secondaries paler and more sericeous than the primaries, the costa silvery; an abbreviated
purplish-brown central line from median vein to abdominal margin ; a streak above the latter
and a second submarginal streak; fringe darker ochreous: thorax deep ochreous, with the
shoulders and a stripe across the back of the tegulz purplish brown ; abdomen paler, sprinkled
with brown scales ; anal tuft bright ochreous. Under surface uniform pale shining ochreous ;
wings crossed by three more or less interrupted irregular brown lines; pectus deep ochreous
in front. Expanse of wings 43-48 millim.

Dharmsala ; taken at sugar.

More nearly allied to X. ochreago than to any other species; but in colouring much
more like Xanthia citrago.

58 COSMIIDA.—HADENID.

COSMIID&.

COSMIA, Ochs.

Cosmia albipennis. (Plate CXXVII. fig. 13.)

Nearest to C. trapezina: primaries with the same arrangement of lines, pale vinous
brown, the “orbicular” spot slightly paler, oblique, slenderly outlined in dark brown, a
similar spot between the latter and the base; a small blackish annulus below the “ orbicular ”’
spot; outer half of the central belt darker brown, especially towards costa, including the
reniform spot, which is outlined in blackish brown ; inner line of central belt oblique, slightly
irregular, slender, but commencing in a black costal spot ; central line strongly defined,
especially at costa, oblique, elbowed on interno-median interspace ; outer line strongly
defined, subangulated ; an interrupted abbreviated black subbasal dash from costa almost to
submedian vein ; a well-defined slightly undulated submarginal line, shaded internally with
dark brown, from upper radial vein to costa; the costal margin above this shade blackish
brown, interrupted by three pale dots; a slender blackish marginal line: secondaries of male
creamy white, the fringe towards apex usually tinted with vinous brown, of female grey, with
pale fringe ; basicostal area silvery: body pale vinous brown; abdomen of female grey, with
vinous lateral and anal tufts. Under surface of wings creamy whitish, with the costal and
apical areas more or less suffused with red; the centre of the primaries, especially in the
female, suffused with grey ; discocellular dots and discal line much as in C. trapezina: pectus
and venter of female more or less red, venter of male whitish. Expanse of wings 37-38
millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar: rare.

Although structurally a Cosmia, and not much unlike C. trapezina in pattern, the form
of the wings in this species reminds one rather of T’eniocampa. The white secondaries of the
male are characteristic, somewhat resembling 7’. miniosa.

HADENIDA.

DIANTHACIA, Boisd.

Dianthecia nivescens. (Plate CX XVIII. fig. 2.)

Closely allied to D. auroviridis, from which it may at once be distingished by the silvery-
white instead of whitish lines on the primaries, the more oblique and white costal dashes, the
pure white spots in place of the minute angular whitish dashes in the cell, the large diffused
bluish-edged white spot immediately beyond the cell, a pure white triangular spot below the
latter, a squamose white apical streak, and the white edges to the marginal black spots. On

EPUNDA.—CANNA. 59

the underside the primaries are greyer without the pinkish costal suffusion ; the discocellular
blackish spot is bounded on both sides by whitish spots, and the discal stripe is more arched :
the secondaries are considerably whiter, without pinkish costal suffusion, and the discal stripe
is further from the outer margin. [Expanse of wings 31 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar.

EPUNDA, Dup.

Epunda mamestrina. (Plate CX XVIII. fig. 5.)

Allied to EH. nigra, of the same form and pattern, but im colouring more like Valeria
oleagina: primaries smoky grey, with black lines as in E. nigra; the costa varied with
whitish spots to the end of the cell, and with three white dots beyond it; reniform spot white,
black-edged and with greyish inner streak ; the dashes at the extremity of the denticles along
the outer edge of the central belt dotted with white; a submarginal series of black spots
enclosing white crescents; fringe dotted with white; a bright yellow spot terminating the
black-edged abbreviated subbasal stripe: secondaries more sordid than in E. nigra, all the
veins, border, and submarginal stripe being more decidedly smoky grey: body dark smoky
grey; the thorax also irrorated with black. Under surface rather darker than in LF. nigra,
with a decided dark grey discal line through all the wings: primaries without discocellular
spot: secondaries with black discocellular lunule. Expanse of wings 49 millim.

Dharmsala.

CANNA, Walk. *

Canna splendens. (Plate CXXVIII. fig. 4.)
Canna splendens, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 412.

Allied to C. pulchripicta; the green markings bluer, bordered with silver and edged with
black ; the green spot near base of inner margin larger, and bounded internally by a quadrate
black spot enclosing a white dot; the base itself white; the angular brown band broader,
more irregular, more olivaceous, varied with black and green; a pure white dash at the end
of the cell; the olivaceous stripe from the elbow of the brown band to the costa widened and
diffused; apex blue-green, bounded internally by a white line; the brown ocelloid spots
replaced by white-edged black spots with white pupils, but followed by brown spots on the
fringe ; the remainder of the fringe is green, tipped here and there with brown: secondaries
pearly white, external border bronzy grey, widest towards apex, tapering to a mere line at
external angle ; centre of external margin pale; fringe white: head green, white between the

* Incorrectly placed in the Acontiida by Walker ; it is doubtful whether it is distinct from the

European genus Jaspidea.

60 HADENID.

antenne; collar green, margined with white and rufous brown on the shoulders; remainder
of thorax pale rufous brown, edged behind with dark brown; abdomen whitish, with one or
two triangular black dorsal tufts. Primaries below with the basi-internal half sericeous
greenish white ; the subapical area grey, with bronze reflections ; the costal border pale sandy
buff, with three subapical white costal dots; a white dash at the end of the cell; external
border and fringe white, interrupted by two brown spots; the outer margin and edge of
fringe dotted with black : secondaries sericeous white ; costal border brownish irrorated with
black ; external border grey, with bronze reflections and traces of two parallel darker lines ;
a marginal series of black dots; fringe white: body below whity brown; tibiz green in
front, anterior femora and tarsi of all the legs black, the tarsi spotted with white. Expanse
of wings 37 millim.
Dharmsala; at sugar from July to September.

HADENA, Schr.

Hadena lubrica. (Plate CXXVIII. fig. 9.)

Allied to H. saporte of Europe; larger and granite-grey ; the rufous markings absent,
the pale patch below the discoidal spots much whiter; the submarginal grey band wider.
Under surface altogether of a much more silvery shining grey colour. Expanse of wings
44 millim.

Dharmsala.

KARANA, Voore.

Karana similis. (Plate CXXVIII. fig. 8.)

Nearly allied to A. gemmifera and K. letevirens*, but differs constantly in the form of
the transverse silver band, the central loop of which is much shorter in front and has a
decidedly longer termination behind the band; the golden-green markings are fewer and less
prominent, but the disc is crossed by a distinct sinuous lunulated silver-greyish stripe; the
submarginal golden spots are elongated so as to enclose the series of black spots, of which, in
K. gemmifera, they form the anterior margins. Expanse of wings 39 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in August.

Said to be a rare species. Four specimens were obtained.

* Diphtera letevirens, Oberth. Etudes, x. pl. 11. fig. 6. It differs only from A. gemmifera in its

brown secondaries ; probably not a constant character.

}
3
q
%
Ee
:
:

ACONTIA. ol

ACONTIID&.

ACONTIA, Ochs.

Acontia plebeia. (Plate CX XIX. fig. 3.)

Fuliginous brown: primaries with the basal third dull whitish, sprinkled with testaceous
and brown scales, bounded in the centre of its outer edge by a bisinuated blackish marking ;
reniform spot whitish, with black margin and central brownish litura; an ochreous spot
beyond it, and above the latter a cuneiform costal patch ; submarginal and marginal series
of blackish spots and a white-edged blackish stripe on the fringe: secondaries uniformly
coloured, with the fringe white, traversed by a blackish stripe and tipped with blackish: body
whitish. Under surface greyish brown, with golden reflections, mottled and irrorated with
whitish ; a slender interrupted black marginal line; fringe as above: primaries with ochreous
costal margin: palpi and collar ochraceous. Expanse of wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala.

Acontia plumbata. (Plate CXXIX. fig. 4.)

Primaries pale golden stramineous ; the basal two sevenths of the costal border leaden
grey, opposite to the extremity of which is a fragment of a black-edged pink stripe shot with
leaden grey and representing the inner line of the central belt ; the outer line represented by
a complete angulated and undulated stripe of the same character, from which an oblique
dusky streak runs to apex ; an almost marginal irregular leaden-grey streak ; three or four
costal grey dots towards apex; a series of short black dashes along the outer margin; fringe
whity brown glossed with gold, traversed by a black-edged greyish stripe and edged with
grey : secondaries pale dead golden ; fringe pale yellow at base, with a central grey stripe
and white outer edge: body pale golden stramineous; head, collar, and anus testaceous.
Under surface creamy whitish, with golden reflections : primaries broadly suffused with grey ;
indications of a postmedian discal grey stripe followed on the costa by grey spots as above ;
a marginal series of blackish spots; fringe paler than above: secondaries irrorated with
grey; a brownish discocellular spot and angulated discal stripe; a slender interrupted
black marginal line; fringe with a grey central stripe and outer edge: tarsi banded above
with grey. Expanse of wings 23 millim,

Dharmsala; taken by beating.

Acontia excisa. (Plate CX XIX. figs. 5, 6.)

Nearest to 4. signifera=subfira ; smaller: the base of primaries rather broadly sepia-

62 ACONTIID A.

brown, with partly black-edged undulated boundary followed by three grey dashes indicating
an irregular transverse line; central belt more uniform in width and less irregular than in
A. signifera, cupreous-brown varied with leaden grey and black instead of pale olivaceous
and grey ; the reniform stigma smaller, transverse oblong, black or grey with a white edge ;
the white band beyond the central belt continuous, enclosing a sinuous grey line, this band
in the male is very narrow, but in the female broad,—consequently the discal belt, which in
the male is broad and of the same colours as the central belt, is restricted in the female and
forms a zigzag grey band; external border grey, bounded internally by a zigzag white line ;
a marginal series of black or grey dots, more or less edged with white; fringe white at apex,
otherwise metallic leaden grey, with paler stripes in certain lights: secondaries pale shining
brownish grey ; fringe silvery grey. Under surface leaden grey in the male, pale shining
brown in the female: primaries with a costal spot and the apex whitish or yellowish; abdo-
minal half of secondaries whitish ; male with marginal black dots. Expanse of wings,
3 16 millim., ? 17 millim.
Dharmsala.

Acontia picata. (Plate CXXIX. fig. 2.)

Primaries above pure white; a spot close to base of costa; an almost central belt with black
= -shaped inner edge and irregular furcate outer edge partly enclosing two spots to repre-
sent the reniform stigma; a small dot on the costa above the latter, an irregular apical patch,
another near centre of external area varied with black, and a few scattered squamose spots oliva-
ceous brown; two costal dots and an oblique dash on the apical patch white; a golden-brown
marginal line; fringe spotted and mottled with grey : secondaries silvery grey ; fringe yellowish
at base: thorax and basal two fifths white, remainder of abdomen pale brown, with two black
dorsal tufts ; anterior tibiz and tarsi above banded with black and yellow. Under surface
creamy whitish: wings sericeous with golden reflections; primaries partly suffused with
grey ; basal two thirds of costa blackish, varied with ochreous and sprinkled with white,
terminated by an angular white marking ; remainder of costa ochreous; costal fringe spotted
with black ; faint greyish indications of two stripes representing a central belt, and a greyish
spot at the end of the cell ; outer border white, excepting at apex; a marginal series of black
dashes ; fringe grey, the base ochreous, the centre enclosing two imperfect white lines, the
outer edge varied with black and white spots: secondaries with grey-speckled costal third ;
the basal third of costal border yellowish: a spot at the end of the cell and an arched discal
line dark grey ; a marginal series of slender blackish liture ; fringe rather paler than in the
primaries : palpi blackish at the sides. Expanse of wings 21 millim.

Dharmsala.

“Found on rocks and in roadside cuttings; cocoon of dry earth.” <A. picata comes
nearest to A. signifera, but is a larger and more boldly marked species.

ACONTIA.—ERASTRIA. 63

Acontia tegulata. (Plate CX XIX. fig. 1.)

Primaries shining white, a broad dark brown central belt, increasing in width from
costal to inner margin, its inner edge bounded by a slightly undulated black line, its onter
edge emitting an irregular streak from the middle almost to the costa; this streak is more or
less confluent with an irregularly cunciform external patch or border; three subapical costal
dark brown dots (sometimes absent) connected, by a diffused ochraceous spot, with the external
patch ; fringe pale brown, traversed by two darker brown lines: secondaries sericeous whity
brown, darkest towards outer margin; fringe pale stramineous, sometimes traversed by a
grey line: thorax and base of abdomen shining white, anal extremity pale ochraceous.
Under surface shining, pale brassy brown, costal borders with golden reflections: costa of
primaries ochraceous, flecked with dark grey towards apex ; fringes of all the wings with lines
as above: secondaries with the costal area irrorated with dark grey; a grey discocellular
spot: body below yellowish. Expanse of wings 20 millim.

Dharmsala.

Nearest to A. quadripartita.

BANEIA, Guén.

Bankia obliqua. (Plate CX XIX. fig. 7.)

Primaries above with the basal third white; external two thirds dull copper-brown,
crossed obliquely from costa to external angle by a white stripe ; costal margin towards the
base brownish ; four whitish costal dots towards apex; a whitish line at the base of the
fringe: secondaries pale sericecous greyish brown; fringe white, traversed by two brownish
lines : head, collar, and antennez pale sandy brown, the collar margined with white ; thorax
and abdomen silvery whitish; anal tuft and claspers testaceous. Under surface silvery
whitish. Expanse of wings 18 millim.

Dharmsala.

ERASTRIIDA.

ERASTRIA, Ochs.

Erastria unduligera. (Plate CXXIX. fig. 9.)

Fuliginous brown: primaries suffused with lilac ; basal third irregularly marked with
black-edged spots and bounded by two parallel undulated black-lines, the interval between
which is somewhat silvery ; discoidal cell blackish, with the ordinary spots shining lilacine

64 ANTHOPHILID.

grey, with pale edges spotted with ochreous; two pale zigzag discal lines; costal margin
black spotted with ochreous ; a marginal series cf ochreous-edged black dots: secondaries
shot with cupreous ; fringe grey, with a whitish basal line: head and abdomen ochreous ;
collar and thorax dark fuliginous brown, with a transverse white bar on the metathorax.
Wings below grey with golden reflections, irrorated with white; costal margin of primaries
ochreous spotted with black: body below pale ochreous; tarsi banded above with black.
Expanse of wings 17 millim.

Dharmsala.

ANTHOPHILID.

HYDRELIA, Guén.

Hydrelia auripalpis. (Plate CXXIX. fig. 8.)

Primaries dull chocolate-brown, traversed by four series of white dots, the first and third
of which represent the outlines of the central belt ; the second dots of the second and fourth
series attached to small black spots; four yellowish costal dots beyond the cell; fringe
traversed by two dusky lines : secondaries greyish brown ; fringe slightly golden: body purplish
brown; head and collar brownish testaceous; palpi, front legs, and tibiz of second pair of
legs bright saffron-yellow ; pectus grey ; remainder of under surface shining brown. Expanse
of wings 18 millim.

Dharmsala.

Hydrelia opalescens. (Plate CXXIX. fig. 10.)

Allied to the preceding species ; larger: the primaries more acuminate ; pale coffee-brown
washed with lilac, the belt enclosed between the ordinary lines paler and therefore showing
the lilac tint more perfectly ; a short comma-like costal dash near the base ; a widely zigzag
line commencing at basa] third of costa and terminating before the middle of inner margin ;
a second line commencing obliquely before the middle of costal margin, then turning and
following the subcostal vein almost to apex, then curved downwards, forming an elbow above
upper radial vein and returning obliquely to just beyond the middle of inner margin ; lastly,
a submarginal series of points, all pale lilac; reniform stigma represented by two small black-
centred lilac spots, almost forming a figure 8; a black apical spot; fringe with a tawny basal
and a whitish subterminal line: secondaries whitish, with greyish diffused external border
and golden-testaceous fringe: thorax bright coffee-red ; abdomen opaline grey, with coffee-
coloured crest; palpi bright saffron-yellow, legs paler. Primaries below cupreous brown,
costal border golden, inner border dead white ; fringe as above: secondaries with the apical

LEPTOSIA.—THALPOCHARES. 65

half ochraceous, speckled with testaceous, abdominal half white; a spot at end of cell and an
arched disco-costal stripe testaceous ; pectus silvery, venter pearly white. Expanse of wings
20 millim.

Dharmsala.

LEPTOSIA, Guén.

Leptosia contingens. (Plate CX XIX. fig. 13.)
Metachrostis contingens, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 412.

Closely allied to ZL. velox ; the primaries with straighter costal and shorter inner margin,
so that they appear narrower; on the upper surface the dark lines are broader and more
macular, and the third complete line (crossing the disc) has-its upper half denticulated instead
of obtusely angulated ; palpi more erect. Expanse of wings 18 millim.

Dharmsala.

The name of the genus was altered by Mr. Moore subsequent to the labelling of his type.

THALPOCHARES, Led.

Thalpochares argentifrons. (Plate CX XX. fig. 1.)

Primaries cream-coloured ; basal fifth, a dot on costal margin beyond it, a central trian-
gular costal spot, a small subapical costal cuneiform spot, and a narrow, interrupted, irregular
outer border blackish; a transverse dash near the external angle and a submarginal stripe
whity brown; fringe dark grey, with a pale basal line: secondaries shining grey; fringe
paler, with a whitish basal line: vertex of head, palpi, and thorax blackish; face metallic
silver; abdomen whitish. Wings below shining whitish: primaries suffused with grey:
secondaries with the costal half irrorated with grey; an irregular abbreviated streak from
costa to second median branch and an apical dash greyish ; fringes grey: primaries with the
fringe dark: body below yellowish; anterior legs greyish above. Expanse of wings
22 millim.

Dharmsala ; on walls.

Not nearly allied to any known species.

Thalpochares hypenoides. (Plate CXXX. fig. 2.)

Basal two fifths of primaries pale vinous brown, bordered externally by a dusky zigzag
stripe enclosed between two lines, the inner line grey, the outer one black ; two black-brown
dashes near the base and traces of a slender black line, commencing in a well-defined costal

K

66 ANTHOPHILID.

spot, across the basal fourth; a second ,-shaped costal spot commencing the black line of
the dusky stripe mentioned above, an almost heart-shaped black-edged brown spot beyond
the cell, its apex towards the outer margin, a black subapical longitudinal dash connected by
a grey shade with the costa; costal margin beyond the middle dark grey, regularly dotted
with white; disc whity brown, slightly vinous towards costa; external border irregularly
greyish ; a marginal series of black dots followed by a whitish line at base of fringe: secon-
daries grey ; basi-costal area and a line at base of fringe white: body grey ; thorax slightly
vinous ; collar and tegule barred with dark grey. Under surface silvery white, the primaries
and costal border of secondaries with faint golden reflections. Expanse of wings 21 millim.

Dharmsala.

Thalpochares roseana. (Plate CX XX. fig. 3.)
Thalpochares roseana, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 870.

Primaries golden olivaceous, a very oblique white belt from base of inner margin to
basal third of costa, enclosing a short subbasal dash of the ground-colour; a broad oblique
belt beyond the middle, its inner edge straight, its outer edge defined by an unevenly arched
blackish line, rose-pink shaded with grey externally and spotted with white on costa; a white
stripe partly bounding the oblique belt, a white costal dash immediately beyond it, and a
subapical white spot on outer margin; a subquadrate internal patch close to the external
angle and a marginal line dusky; fringe with a white basal line: secondaries greyish brown,
white at base ; fringe paler brown, with white outer edge: head and collar pure white ; thorax
pearly white ; abdomen pale shining brown. Wings below silvery greyish : secondaries almost
pure white; fringes of all the wings white: body below pure white; antennz testaceous.
Expanse of wings 1] millim.

Dharmsala.

ANTHOPHILA, Ochs.

Anthophila trilatalis. (Plate CX XIX. fig. 11.)
Pyralis ? trilatalis, Walker, Lep. Het., Suppl. 4, p. 1237 (1865).

Basal fourth of primaries bright yellow-golden, edged externally by a dark brown
dentate-sinuate transverse line; a patch of lilacine grey at base of costa; a broad belt of
purplish grey immediately beyond the golden area, bounded again externally by a reversed
dentate-sinuate brown-edged golden stripe; costal margin beyond the middle spotted with
grey and yellow; remainder of the wing lilacine grey ; fringe traversed by a dark stripe :
secondaries shining whity brown; fringe slightly yellowish, traversed by a grey line and
tipped with grey: thorax and anal tuft ochreous; 2bdomen vinous brown. Wings below
shining whity brown ; basal area greyish, extreme base slightly reddish : body below vinous

MASALIA.—PRADATTA. 67

brown; legs whity brown, front legs greyish at the sides, femora greyish above, the tibie
and tarsi golden cupreous in front; palpi ochraceous; antennz pale golden. Expanse of
wings, ¢ 13 millim., ? 15 millim.

Dharmsala.

MASALIA, Moore.

Masalia tosta. (Plate CXXX. fig. 7.)
Masalia tosta, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 411.

Primaries above pale cupreous brown suffused with pink; costal margin narrowly cream-
coloured ; a whitish longitudinal streak filling the basal half of the upper radial interspace
and tapering backwards almost to the middle of the cell; base of fringe rosy, with a broad
subbasal rosy-purplish stripe, tips of fringe silvery white: secondaries sericeous creamy white,
the veins and a stripe on the fringe rosy: thorax pale brown; abdomen whitish. Under
surface sericeous whitish, the veins and costal borders rosy ; a rose-coloured stripe on the
fringe, but confined to the apex of the secondaries : body below brownish in front. Expanse
of wings 32 millim.

Kult.

PRADATTA, Moore.

Pradatta bimaculata. (Plate CX XIX. fig. 12.)
Pradatta bimaculata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 411.

Primaries above shining creamy whitish, the median vein and the other veins beyond the
cell indicated by pale rose-pink streaks extending into the fringe; a black dot at the end of
the cell: secondaries silvery white: head and front of collar sandy brown, remainder of
thorax brownish; abdomen white, preanal segment edged with red-brown, anal segment
silvery with yellowish central tuft. Under surface silvery white; knees of anterior legs
blackish. Expanse of wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala.

Pradatta beatrix. (Plate CXXX. fig. 6.)
Pradatta beatrix, Moore, Lep. Atkinson, p. 138 (1882).

Primaries above rose-pink, a longitudinal streak through the cell, a broader diffused
streak below the cell, the costal margin and veins creamy whitish : secondaries shining white,
the veins and outer border tinted with pink: head and collar rufous brown; tegule rosy ;
remainder of thorax white; abdomen whity brown. Wings below silvery white, veins

K 2

68 ANTHOPHILIDA,

brownish ; costal borders rose-red, external areas tinted with pink: body below pink ;
knees of anterior legs blackish; an acute black spine at the extremity of the tibie pro-
jecting over the tibio-tarsal joint. Expanse of wings 29 millim.

Dharmsala.

The example quoted by Mr. Moore as in Lord Walsingham’s collection is labelled as the
type: it is one of Mr. Hocking’s spécimens.

Pradatta artaxoides. (Plate CXXX. fig. 8.)
Pradatta artaxoides, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 365.

Primaries above pale golden stramineous, slightly glossed with pink and with a greyish
subtint ; secondaries paler, excepting the external border, which is greyer ; costal area white ;
fringes of all the wings pale shining stramineous: head and thorax ochraceous; abdomen
pearly whitish. Primaries below shining grey, base of costal margin blackish ; remainder of
primaries and whole of secondaries pale golden stramineous : body slightly darker, especially
in front ; femora and tibize brownish in front. Expanse of wings 27 millim.

Kult.

Pradatta decorata. (Plate CXXX. fig. 11.)
Pradatta decorata, Moore, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1881, p. 365.

Pale shining stramineous: primaries with a streak in the cell; a second streak from
base to external angle through the interno-median interspace, an oblique band from apex
across the disc to the interno-median streak and the fringe rose-pink : thorax creamy whitish,
abdomen slightly greyer, a brown preanal bar. Under surface sericeous creamy whitish :
primaries with the rosy markings partly obsolete; fringe at apex of secondaries rosy: pectus
silvery white, almost concealed by the creamy-whitish legs. Expanse of wings 19 millim.

Dharmsala.

CURUBASA, Moore.

Curubasa cruentata. (Plate CXXX. fig. 9.)
Curubasa cruentata, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 367.

Sericeous cream-colour: primaries with the costal margin and internal border dull pink ;
fringe with pink outer half; head and collar brownish: primaries below suffused with grey to
beyond the middle; costal margin and costal veins tinted with pink ; anterior legs slightly
tinted with vinous brown. LExpanse of wings 25 millim.

Dharmsala.

as. ee ee eee ee

eee = LE

HICCODA,—OZARBA. 69

HICCODA, Moore.

Hiccoda dosaroides. (Plate CXXX. fig. 10.)
Hiccoda dosaroides, Moore, Lep. Atkinson, p. 135 (1882).

Primaries stramineous, crossed in the middle by two or three zigzag testaceous lines; an
irregular dentate-sinuate white discal line edged with testaceous ; a tapering submarginal
testaceous stripe and a marginal series of testaceous spots enclosing black dots ; an oblique
squamose blackish patch from costa to end of cell, two or three black costal dashes between
the latter and the base, and two close together before the middle of the inner margin; a dot~
at the commencement of the white discal line; two subapical longitudinal dashes and a
sprinkling of scales on the fringe black : secondaries grey, with a dark marginal line; fringe
pale stramineous, traversed by two grey lines. Under surface paler than above ; primaries
clouded and secondaries irrorated with grey; tarsi above barred with grey. Expanse of
wings 19 millim.

Dharmsala.

OZARBA, Walk.
Ozarba incondita. (Plate CX XX. fig. 13.)

Primaries above grey, shot with pmk; a dull grey patch at base of costa, followed by an
olivaceous patch, below which is a small round spot of the same colour; an irregular pale
stripe edged with olivaceous across the basal two fifths, representing the inner border of the
central belt, the outer border represented by a similarly-coloured 3-shaped stripe beyond
the middle; outer half of the central belt olivaceous, but interrupted by a blackish and
greyish patch at the end of the cell; a small black crescent beyond the latter on the inner
edge of the second pale stripe and a well-marked irregular black patch or two longitudinal
dashes beyond it; three costal dots beyond the middle and an irregular submarginal line
yellowish; a dusky marginal line more or less spotted with black and followed by a yellowish
line at base of fringe: secondaries shining grey, changing to brown in certain lights; fringe
paler, with yellowish basal line: body grey, the thorax somewhat pearly. Under surface of
wings shining grey with brown reflections ; fringes with yellowish basal line: primaries with
the costa yellowish towards apex; inner margin silvery white: secondaries irrorated with
white : body below whity brown. Expanse of wings 16-20 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in July.

Nearly allied to O. ttwarra, Swinhoe; smaller, more rosy in colouring, with less strongly
defined and less irregular central belt on the primaries, with other minor differences of pattern.

Ozarba venata. (Plate CXXX. fig. 12.)

Nearest to O. punctigera: primaries ash-grey, base of costa spotted with black ; the

double line representing the inner border of the central belt undulated ; the brown and black

70 ANTHOPHILIDZ.—EURHIPIDA.

ornamentation of the outer half of the central belt nearly as in O. punctigera; the outer
border of the central belt much more angular and gently sinuated ; disc copper-brown varied
with lilacine grey, the veins and a submarginal line similar to that in O. punctigera white; a
marginal series of white-bordered black spots; fringe grey irrorated with brown, with a
white basal line and a yellowish subterminal line: secondaries greyish brown, with cupreous
reflections. Body and under surface very similar to O. punctigera. Expanse of wings
21 millim.

Dharmsala.

. Ozarba venata is allied to O. malarba of Swinhoe, but quite distinct.

ERIOPID ZA.

CALLOPISTRIA, Hiibn.
Callopistria minuta. (Plate CXXX. fig. 4.)

Primaries dark sepia-brown, veins whitish; a broad central pale ochreous belt with
blackish edges and whitish borders, enclosing a large costal patch of the ground-colour, on
which the discoidal spots are represented by two opposed oblique whitish-edged dashes ; the
central belt is, moreover, gradually contracted from the median vein downwards ; two oblique
apical dashes, two acute angulated lines the apices of which touch the central belt, a minute
sagittate submarginal marking between them (forming part of a slender straight submarginal
line), and a line at the base of the fringe whitish: secondaries pale vinous brown; fringe
grey, with a whitish line at base: thorax ochraceous ; collar black-speckled; abdomen grey.
Primaries below shining grey, with cupreous-tinted costal border; a whitish spot at apical
third and an angular white submarginal marking; fringe blackish, with white basal line:
secondaries sericeous white, the costa, veins, a discocellular spot, and two discal lines brownish :
body below pearly. LExpause of wings 18-21 millim.

Dharmsala.

EURHIPIDA.

PENICILLARIA, Guén.

The species of this genus are all of sombre colours ; they all have the basal two thirds
or even more of the secondaries pearly white, and the remainder black. Whether they can
ve eventually kept separate from Eutelia, excepting as a colour-group, seems doubtful ; it is
certain that the greater part of the species hitherto described as belonging to Penicillaria
must be referred to Hutelia; of those named by Guénée P. jocosatriz and P. nugatriz only
can remain in Penicillaria.

ee

*

PENICILLARIA.—ANOMIS. vil

Penicillaria maculata. (Plate CXXX. fig. 5.)

Nearest to P. jocosatriz, with a somewhat similarly formed central belt : basal third of
primaries with the inner half testaceous and the outer half dark chocolate-brown, bounded
by a white line; beyond this is a tapering purplish band from inner margin, bounded exter-
nally by an angular diffused testaceous band traversed by two ill-defined blackish lines; the
central belt is bronze-brown, shading into purple on the costa and slate-grey towards the

inner margin ; it encloses the “ orbicular”’

spot, which is purple and almost triangular, and
from above which a longitudinal white line runs outwards to the outer edge of the belt ; the
external portion of the belt is also clouded with black and bounded by two irregular parallel
elbowed white lines enclosing a stripe of brown and grey; apical area purplish brown with
cupreous reflections, crossed by a slender oblique white line; centre of external area pale
olivaceous brown, enclosing a conspicuous semicircular black spot below the elbow of the
central belt ; inferior half of external area pearl-grey internally, purplish brown externally,
divided by a white line; a marginal series of depressed pale-edged dusky lunules; fringe
purplish brown: secondaries nearly as in P. jocosatriz, but with two conspicuous subanal
white dashes. Body and under surface as in P. jocosatriz. Expanse of wings 31 millim.

Dharmsala.

PLUSIIDE.
PLUSIA, Ochs.

Plusia hebetata. (Plate CXXXI. fig. 1.)

Nearly allied to P. agramma=P. inchoata, but the primaries and thorax of a rosy-
purplish colour, the former with paler olivaceous instead of blackish and grey diffused bands,
and with the two discal lines sharply defined, the inner one very dark. The under surface of
all the wings with a bright golden-cupreous lustre, and with no dusky clouding between the
discal lines. Expanse of wings 42 millim.

Kulu.

Three examples were obtained. A Japanese insect hitherto identified with P. inchoata

is a large example of this species; but P. agramma occurs also in Japan. The almost black
discal line across the primaries and the different coloration readily separate the two species.

GONOPTERID.

ANOMIS, Hiibn.
Anomis figlina. (Plate CXXXI. fig. 2.)

Primaries dull earthy red, clouded with purplish grey ; a blackish oval subbasal patch

(Or PLUSIIDZA,

below the submedian vein ; the imner edge of the central belt indicated by a very oblique
undulated blackish line; the outer line slender, black, and dentate-sinuate from costa to
second median branch, where it is interrupted and recommences near the origin of the first
median branch as a zigzag blackish line ; an internally diffused dusky band limiting the
external border ; discoidal spots large and dusky : secondaries smoky greyish brown: thorax
earthy red; abdomen dark smoky grey. Under surface like A. grandipuncta, but much
darker. Expanse of wings 37 millim.

Dharmsala.

Anomis cervina?, var. instabilis. (Plate CXXXI. fig. 3.)
Briarda cervina, Walker, Lep. Het., Suppl. 5, p. 1968 (1866),

Allied to A. iconica: primaries pale shining dun-coloured, sometimes with the costal
half to beyond the cell brick-red, the central belt indicated by oblique wavy purplish-grey
stripes, two on each side of it ; between these there is a conspicuous purplish-grey discocellular
crescent ; an ill-defined angulated dentate-sinuate grey submarginal line spotted with black ;
outer margin golden ochreous ; fringe rosy, spotted with cinereous : secondaries grey with
golden reflections ; basi-costal area silvery whitish; fringe pale golden, tipped with white :
body greyish olivaceous. Under surface of wings sericeous, pale golden ; the primaries with
a subcostal streak, and the discocellular spot blackish ; discoidal area greyish ; external area
of all the wings crossed by wavy impressed lines: body below chalky white; legs more or
less brown above, the tarsi banded ; palpi testaceous. Expanse of wings 27-34 millim.

Dharmsala.

The type of 4. cervina is larger than the above supposed variety ; it is in very bad con-
dition, and the description is incorrect. The insect is decidedly not fawn-coloured, though
slightly yellower than A. instabilis ; it shows but little trace of the undulating lines, but they
are five in number (not six); the “very slightly hyaline” character of the secondaries
described by Walker is due to the worn state of the specimen; the veins and border are
slightly greyer than the remainder of the wing-surface, but are certainly not fawn-coloured :
the legs are similar to those of A. instabilis, and, lastly, the species does not bear the remotest
resemblance to the typical forms of Briarda.

The following species, confounded with A. cervina by Mr. Hocking, is undoubtedly very
distinct, although of the same general tint and found with it ‘on the plank lining of the
verandah roof.’ Both species seem to have been fairly common.

Anomis ocellata. (Plate CXXXI. fig. 4.)

Nearest to the preceding species. Wings a little paler: primaries with a large shining
grey spot at the end of the cell, usually with a black ring round it; costa spotted with grey ;
a black spot near the base; remainder of the wing irrorated with black scales; fringe of

ee ee ee a ee a

DINUMMA.—ELIOCHROEA. 73

primaries greyish, tipped with cream-colour, of secondaries cream-coloured, slightly greyer in
the central portion. Primaries below grey, with brownish-white costal and external borders
and silvery-white internal border ; costa irrorated and spotted beyond the middle with dark
grey, a similar dark grey discocellular spot : secondaries sordid white, irrorated with grey and
black, and with a black spot at the end of the cell: body below as in A. cervina. Expanse
of wings 31-33 millim.

Dharmsala,

The above description is drawn up from seven examples.

AMPHIPYRIDA.

DINUMMA, Walk.*

Dinumma varians. (Plate CXXXI. figs. 9, 10.)

Allied to “ Ortheaga” combusta and Dinumma placens: primaries varying from dark
bronze-brown shot with purple, to flesh-colour shot with rosy lilac ; the central belt of about
the width and general character of D. placens, but with its external prominence at about the
middle of the wing instead of towards costa; in dark specimens this belt is scarcely distin-
guishable excepting with a lens, when its two marginal black lines become clear; the discal
lines obsolete as in D. combusta, but the submarginal spots as in D. bipunctata: thorax varying
from pale to very dark brown. In other respects the species corresponds with D. combusta.
Expanse of wings 20-28 millim.

Dharmsala; taken at sugar.

It is possible that the pale form may be characteristic of the female.

ELIOCHROEA, Walk.
Eliochroea opulenta. (Plate CX XXI. figs. 5, 6.)

3 9. Nearly allied to EL. pulcherrima (P. Z.S. 1867, pl. vi.), the wings comparatively
broader ; the reniform spot always larger, and never so white; the central belt with more
decidedly angulated outer edge; a well-defined irregular black-edged macular green submar-
ginal stripe: black external belt of secondaries broader. Expanse of wings 52-56 millim.

Var. The basi-internal area, the central belt beyond the reniform spot, and a broad
patch forming a continuous belt with the latter to the inner margin pale greenish ; orbicular
spot white, sharply defined, Expanse of wings 50 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in August.

* Ortheaga, Walk., is a synonym of this genus.

74 AMPHIPYRIDA.—-CATEPHIID#.

Eliochroea curtipalpis. (Plate CXXXI. figs. 7, 8.)

3 ?. Allied to the preceding species ; of the same size and general aspect, but the palpi 7
with short terminal joint, asin Triphenopsis : the primaries varying from sepia to clay-brown
with black markings; no green markings whatever; the inner line of the central belt ill
defined, the outer line well marked and more often than not bounded by a series of pure
white lunules; the “reniform” spot quadrate, diffused externally, usually pure white, but
sometimes only represented by a few scattered white scales: secondaries differing from
those of EH. opulenta in having a submedian streak of orange as in Hypocala. On the under
surface the primaries differ in having the base and internal area broadly yellow, and the
secondaries in the whitish colour of the apical half of the fringe. Expanse of wings, ¢ 37,
9 50 millim.

?, Dharmsala (two examples only): ¢, N.W. Himalayas.

This species has been confounded with E. pulcherrima, a species nearer to E, opulenta.
It is much nearer to the “ Agrotis ? hyblea” of Felder.

HOMOPTERID.

-

PANILLA, Moore.

.
|
|

Panilla apicalis. (Plate CX XXII. fig. 1.)

Pale reddish testaceous ; the wings crossed in the middle by two parallel undulated
greyish-brown stripes, followed by a sinnous black line ; black marginal dots terminating the
veins and connected by a slender undulated marginal black line; a dusky discal band edged
internally on the secondaries by a more or less defined zigzag slender black line ; discoidal
markings crescentic, rufous brown: primaries with black-spotted costal border ; a broad sub-
basal black-speckled rufous-brown §-shaped marking; a broad blackish and rufous oblique
interrupted subapical belt : body varied with rufous brown and speckled with black. Under-
side golden stramineous, with the markings less distinct than above; mternal borders of
wings whitish; anterior legs blackish in front, the tarsi barred with testaceous. Expanse of
wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala taken at sugar.

CATEPHIID.

CATEPHIA, Ochs.
Catephia flavescens. (Plate CXXXI. fig. 12.)

Primaries above pale testaceous, washed in front with pale green; internal and external

—I

Or

ERYGIA.

areas burnt-sienna clouded with blackish grey ; costa crossed by numerous short black dashes ;
the double outlines of the central belt ill-defined, excepting where they cross the sienna area,
where they are intense velvety black; the inner lines regularly dentate-sinuate, the outer
lines falciform and strongly denticulated ; the discoidal spots large, greenish, with grey-brown
and pearly centres and slender but sharply defined black outlines; a patch at apex, a second
at external angle, and several intermediate longitudinal dashes blackish grey varied with
intense black and sprinkled with pearly-blue scales : secondaries pale buff, with the outer two
fifths (excepting two or three apical spots) dark cupreous brown; fringe with the apical two
fifths buff, the remainder black with a yellowish basal line and tipped with white towards
anal angle: head and collar testaceous, shaded with sienna, changing in certain lights to rose-
pink and barred with blue-black ; tegulee burnt-sienna, obliquely banded and bordered with
dark brown ; thorax and abdomen dark brown, with velvety-black dorsal tufts. Underside
of wings whity brown with golden reflections, the costal borders slightly tinted with sienna ;
three or four subbasal spots and two or three subcostal central spots in all the wings blackish ;
a broad grey arched discal band, bounded internally by a denticulated blackish line ; a very
indistinct submarginal series of greyish spots ; a marginal series of <-shaped black markings
and a series of black spots on the fringe: primaries with a large blackish spot at end of cell :
body testaceous, tinted with sienna in front and greyish behind; tarsi banded with blackish.
Expanse of wings 39 millim. .

Dharmsala; at sugar. Rare.

ERYGIA, Guén.*

Erygia sigillata. (Plate CXXXI. fig. 11.)

Nearest to EL. apicalis ; smaller: primaries ash-grey, clouded with greyish olivaceous; a
small white spot at base of primaries followed by a whitish cup-shaped spot, the latter limited
externally by two ill-defined slightly irregular blackish lines, which form the inner boundary
of the central belt ; a sprinkling of coarse black scales on the lower half of the central belt,
the upper portion enclosing a black-edged dusky orbicular spot and bounded by the outer
edge of the so-called “ reniform ”’ spot, the interval between these spots being blackish; the
“yveniform ” spot rounded, white, enclosing a grey and black reniform outline; a white costal
spot above it; beyond this the costal margin is barred with black; an ill-defined pale sub-
apical crescent and three or four longitudinal black dashes in an oblique series ; external
angle dark grey, bounded in front by a black longitudinal dash ; a marginal series of black
lunules; fringe dark grey, dotted with whitish behind each marginal lunule: secondaries

greyish brown, whitish on costal area; a dusky marginal line; fringe pale at base: body

* Calicula of Walker (Lep. Het. xv. p. 1807) is congeneric with Hrygia. . apicalis, Calicula
squamiplena, and Dianthecia geometroides are one species; and ££. usta is probably only a slight
variety of the same.

L2

76 HYPOCALIDA.—CATOCALIDA.

grey; thorax black-speckled. Under surface pale brown, wings with golden reflections:
primaries with greyish discoidal area; a pale crescent at end of cell; costa irrorated with
white almost to the middle, and thence alternately black and white to apex ; a slender black
marginal line; fringe as above: secondaries with whitish abdominal area; a spot at end of
- cell and a lunulated discal line brown; costal half of wing irrorated with the same colour; a
slender blackish marginal line, followed by a whitish line at base of fringe: body below
whitish, irrorated with grey; anterior and middle legs with blackish upper surface; tarsi of
all the legs above blackish barred with white. Expanse of wings 32 millim.
Dharmsala.

HY POCALID.

HYPOCALA, Guén:

Hypocala subsatura, var. limbata. (Plate CXXXI. fig. 13.)

There can be little doubt that this is a variety of H. subsatura. The primarics are,
however, wholly dissimilar, and, excepting that they are greyer, correspond closely in marking
with those of H. rostrata: the secondaries and body agree with typical H. subsatura. Expanse
of wings 43 millim. .

Dharmsala. (Three examples.)

It seems highly probable, from a study of the genus, that the species of Hypocala are
trimorphic, and may be arranged consequently under their varieties thus :—

Primaries uniform : variegated, pale bordered.
HI. subsatura : var. aspersa, var. limbata.
H, violacea : var. (unknown), var. (unknown).
H. deflorata : var. angulipalpis, var. rostrata.
A. guttiventris : var. lativilta.

And so on throughout the genus.

CATOCALID.

Catocala inconstans, (Plate CXXXIIJ. figs. 2, 3.)

Allied to C. jonasii and C. patala; form and almost the pattern of the former, but in
coloration nearer to the latter; from C. jonasii it differs in its much darker primaries, which
are ash-grey, with the lighter markings whity brown, sometimes edged with white ; the lines
are black instead of blackish brown; the inner line of the central belt is irregularly and
deeply crinkled instead of being slightly trisinuate ; the outer line is very acutely bidentate

CATOCALA, Le

on the radial interspaces, these teeth and also the shorter denticles which follow, tem being
considerably longer than in C. jonasii ; the line runs inwards and almost divides the belt with
a black streak on the submedian vein ; the reniform spot is usually better defined, and its
outer edge is always dentate-sinuate, whereas in C. jonasii it is represented by a slightly
curved series of brown spots or dashes; the submarginal line is usually more strongly
defined, and much more acutely zigzag ; the outer margin is less convex: the secondaries are
comparatively wider; the black belt differing in length and form much as that of C. afgyhana
does from that of C. concubia ; the apical spot is of twice the width, and the fringe beyond it
is white varied by a series of five brown spots, a sixth broader brown spot terminating the
submedian vein. On the under surface there is no decided white apical patch, but the whole
external border is whitish ash-coloured ; the belt, apical patch, and fringe of secondaries differ
as above. C. patala, as figured (Reise der Nov., Lep. iv. pl. exii. fig. 23) has shorter and less
acute primaries with very scant markings, the belt of primaries with much more transverse
and less irregular inner line; the denticulation of the outer line much less pronounced, and
with only one prominent tooth; the angulation on the submedian much less acute, and not
terminating in a black dash; the reniform spot quite ordinary in character, and the large
spot below it almost pure white: the secondaries with a black abdominal bar joining the
central belt. Expanse of wings 74-82 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar, September and October.

Catocala distorta. (Plate CXXXII. fig. 4.)

Nearest to C, dotata, but smaller. The primaries paler, browner, and more uniformly
coloured ; the inner line of the central belt much less defined; the reniform spot pale,
represented by a lunate grey outline through which is a buff dash or streak, and followed by
a diffused dark grey patch ; the outer line of the central belt undulated, but not acutely
denticulated as in C. dotata; the submarginal denticulated line obsolete, replaced by a dusky
diffused streak: the central band of secondaries narrower, slanting inwards instead of out-
wards, and gonsequently forming an obtuse instead of an acute angle towards inner margin ;
the outer border less excavated internally, and therefore wider in the middle, though narrower
at anal angle; the apical ochreous spot smaller, duller, and bifid. The under rface paler,
with narrower blackish bands ; the subbasal band of primaries obsolete. Expanse of wings
50 millim.

Kulu.

The above description is taken from six examples obtained at Kili, compared with nine
specimens of C. dotata from Dharmsala: the latter vary in one character, and that a remark-
able one—the looping of the outer line of the central belt shifts its position from the
submedian vein to the first median branch (so as to include the spot below the “ reniform ”
marking), or is duplicated, or disappears altogether. In C. distorta, however, the loop is
always formed on the first median branch, the spot below the “reniform” marking being
consequently invariably absent.

78 HUYPOPYRIDA.

HYPOPYRID.

SPIRAMA, Guén. -.

Spirama confusa. (Plate CXXXII. figs. 6-8.)

3. Nearest to S. ginchuena: a little longer and paler in the wings; the black discal
lines of primaries more divergent at the extremities and more regularly curved ; the thorax
with two distinctly defined pale transverse bands. The under surface slightly more ruddy,
with the dark stripes across the wings decidedly straighter, less arched. LExpanse of wings
67 millim.

9. Very like S. japonica: larger, comparatively longer and paler, the pale areas less
clouded; the central pale band of secondaries wider, almost as wide as the succeeding brown
and black band; fringe wider. Under surface much brighter, brick-red; the first line not
interrupted by black spots, its lower half bent inwards towards the inner margin ; the second
line regularly dentate-sinuate throughout, the third line duplicated throughout. Expanse of
wings 71 millim.

Dharmsala: taken at sugar.

Females of this species have long stood in the Museum collection without a name ;
Mr. Hocking regards them as varieties of S. retorta, he says :—“ They vary greatly, and the
species is always abundant. Great numbers were taken, and the conclusion come to was that
there was one species which varied.””? Unfortunately Mr. Hocking only retained one male
and two females of S. retorta, typical m every respect of that species, and four males and
three females of S. confusa, so that the supposed variation would appear to be due to the fact
that two species, the males of both of which are considerably darker in colouring than their
females, were confounded as one. If S. retorta and S. confusa were to be associated, nearly
the whole genus would have to be massed under one name. 8S. confusa should stand next to
S. coherens of Burma.

Spirama rosacea. (Plate CX XXII. figs. 9, 10.) *

2. Neéitest to S. mollis of Java: of the same size; it differs in the whole of the wings
above being suffused with rose-pink; the three obliquely placed spots in the middle of
primaries larger, subconfluent, silver-grey, and not pupillated, the inner arched line across
the disk indistinct, and interrupted by the silver-grey spots: on the secondaries the band
across basal fourth is barely visible and diffused; the series of dots across the middle is
slightly convex instead of prominently concave, and the dots themselves are grey instead of
black, the pale band bordering the series of dots externally is better defined and narrower ;
the abdominal border is clear rosy salmon-coloured : the vertex of the head is tinted with
pink. The under surface is decidedly redder, of a fiery orange-red colour, with the two grey
discal stripes wider apart. Expanse of wings 74 millim.

Dharwsala.

ee

TRIGONODES.—EUCLIDIA. 79

» HUCLIDIIDA.

TRIGONODES, Guén.

Trigonodes cuneigera. (Plate CXXXII. fig. 5.)

Primaries above pale sandy brownish; costal border purplish grey ; two white-edged
cuneiform dark olive-brown patches, one with its point cut off near the base of the inner
margin, the other smaller, with its point ending at the apex of the wing: secondaries
fuliginous brown: head and collar ferruginous, edged with white; front of thorax and tegule
blackish ; remainder of thorax and whole of abdomen fuliginous brown. Under surface pale
sandy brown; primaries with a greyish patch near the middle, and a more elongated paler
greyish patch near the outer margin; secondaries with an ill-defined dusky submarginal band.
Expanse of wings 40-43 millim.

Kangra; taken, by beating, in July.

EUCLIDIA, Ochs.

Euclidia captata. (Plate CXXXIII. fig. 1.)

Primaries above silver-grey; slightly clouded on the disk and external border with
brown ; an oblique, slender, black line across the basal two sevenths, a second line commencing
at the origin of the first median branch, running to inner margin, and then returning across
the disk parallel to outer margin to third median branch, whence it bends inwards and
continues obliquely to about the outer third of costa; an irregular black central costal patch
running to median vein, its outer edge bounded by a white 9-shaped line; beyond the latter,
above the commencement of each of the median branches, are three small black spots; an
almost triangular subapical costal black spot ; a slender black marginal line; fringe brown:
secondaries dark bronze-brown, base paler; fringe paler, excepting in the middle, and with
a whitish basal line; thorax grey; abdomen whity brown. Wings below pale brown, with
cupreous reflections; dusky discocellular spots and discal lines: body whitish. Expanse of
wings 30-33 millim.

Kangra.

A nearly allied species occurs at Delagoa Bay.

80 THERMESIIDZ.

THERMESIIDZ.

RAPARNA, Mooress
Raparna undulata. (Plate CX XXIII. fig. 2.)

3 2. Raparna undulata, Moore, Lep. Atkinson, p. 178 (1882),
@. Asthena querula, Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1885, p. 859, pl. lvi. fig. 16.

Bright Indian-yellow, mottled with ferruginous. Wings with ferruginous (almost copper-
red) fringes, and a more or less prominent discal series of spots of the same colour; an almost
marginal series of blackish dots; a more or less sinuous, ferruginous-bordered blackish
stripe beyond the cell; black discocellular dots: primaries with two more or less defined
macular undulated blackish and ferruginous subbasal lines. Primaries below golden testa-
ceous ; markings less distinct, broader and greyer than above : secondaries similar, but whitish
towards the abdominal margin: body below whitish. Expanse of wings, ¢ 23, 2 26 millim.

Dharmsala.

The blackish postmedian band is almost straight on the primaries of the male. Mr.
Moore places the genus in the Thermesiide.

Raparna usta. (Plate CX XXIII. fig. 3.)

Allied to R. fragilis (“ Aglossa”’ fragilis) from Natal. Primaries pale sandy buff, faintly
mottled with grey; a tapering dull testaceous external border, partly bounded internally by
a slightly bisinuated golden-brown stripe, enclosing a submarginal series of spots of the same
colour, and bounded externally by a marginal series of semicircular, red-bordered, grey spots ;
fringe white, mottled with red and with a central grey stripe; basal fourth of costa leaden
grey, edged with dark red ; remainder of costa cupreous; a zigzag, subbasal series cf grey
and reddish spots, and a discal bismuated stripe, terminating in two spots, of the same
colours ; a minute black dot at the inferior angle of the cell: secondaries pale golden brown,
becoming greyish towards outer margin, streaked between the veins and margined with dull
red; a marginal series of grey spots; fringe reddish tipped with grey: body flesh-coloured ;
head, palpi, and collar rosy, barred with dark grey ; abdomen slightly yellowish. Under surface
for the most part dull rose-red, varied with ochraceous ; the wings sericeous, with cupreous
reflections ; the basi-internal half of primaries grey, the basi-abdominal half of secondaries
white ; fringes greyish, shining, with a pale marginal line. Expanse of wings 27 millim.

Dharmsala.

Catada ? detersalis of Walker appears to belong to the same genus. As the latter is an
Australian species it was necessary to ask Mr. Meyrick whether he had founded a genus for
its reception ; it appears that he has not done so, but presumes that it belongs to the

Noctuina. Walker placed it amongst the true Deltoids.
The genus Aglossa was formerly used as a temporary asylum for much heterogeneous

material.

DAXATA.—-GATHYNIA. 81

DAXATA, Walk.

Daxata glaucescens. (Plate CXXXIII. fig. 4.)

3. Primaries above sericeous lilacine grey, traversed by irregular dark brown lines and
bands ; costal border dark brown, crossed by grey bars to beyond the middle, beyond which
it is spotted with transverse white dashes; a subbasal irregular band, a central belt, and a
discal band brown, clouded with grey, edged with black-brown ; the intervals between these
bands traversed by single black-brown lines; reniform spot B-shaped on the left wing, partly
orange and partly sericeous grey; a black sinuated marginal line: secondaries sericeous
smoky brown: body smoky brown; the abdomen greyish at the sides. Under surface
smoky greyish brown ; wings with cupreous reflections, costal borders densely irrorated with
whitish, interrupted by one or two transverse bars of the ground-colour ; a slender sinuated
black marginal line; costal margin of primaries with four white dots beyond the middle;
cell and veins of secondaries irrorated with whitish; fringe greyish, with a darker central
stripe and white basal line. Expanse of wings 25 millim.

Dharmsala.

Daxata lilacina. (Plate CXXXIII. fig. 5.)

9. Primaries above sericeous lilac, partly suffused with brown ; the basal fourth crossed
by three closely approximated, irregular dark brown stripes ; reniform spot outlined in dark
brown, and followed by two almost parallel irregularly angulated stripes, beyond which is a
tapering brown band, dotted on the costa with white, and followed by a series of black
lunules, almost parallel to outer margin; a marginal series of conical black spots: secon-
daries sericeous dark brown, crossed by a slightly darker discal band, and with dusky conical
marginal spots: thorax dark brown ; abdomen sericeous brown. Underside smoky brown ;
wings shining, with cupreous reflections ; the costa of primaries and whole of secondaries
irrorated with darker scales and crossed on the dise by two darker bars; fringe greyish,
undulated (so that it appears to be spotted with darker spots), with a slender whitish basal
line: body below paler than the wings. Expanse of wings 23 millim,

Dharmsala.

In both of these species the palpi are shorter than in the type of the genus.

GATHYNIA, Walk. .

Gathynia simulans. (Plate CXXXIII. figs. 6, 7.)

Primaries whity brown, slightly tinted with pink and irrorated with grey ; two greyish
patches with blackish edges and cupreous-brown borders representing a central belt (as in

Dirades theclata) ; costal margin mottled with blackish; a blackish-edged whitish marginal
M

82 THERMESIIDA.—HYPENIDA.

line and a small black subapical spot close to outer margin: secondaries rosy greyish,
irrorated with blackish, and crossed by a cupreous-brown arched central stripe; a slender
blackish marginal line: body pearl-grey ; the head and collar smoky grey; thorax slightly
rosy. Under surface rosy greyish: the secondaries almost wholly white in the male,
irrorated with dark grey, and with a very slender blackish marginal line. Expanse of wings
3 23, 2 26 millim.

Kangra valley.

“The male folds its wings curiously, flutters like a cripple until approached, then flies
a short distance and repeats the performance.”’ The species was confounded with Dirades
theclata, the male of which it much resembles.

ORUDIZA, Walk.

Orudiza columbaris. (Plate CXX XIII. fig. 8.)

Sericeous dove-grey ; the wings, especially on the basal half, mottled with smoky grey,
tending to form transverse lines; fringe ochraceous, spotted with blackish: primaries with a
dusky discocellular spot; costal margin with golden reflections: antennz and anal valves
creamy whitish. Wings below less mottled than above ; venter whitish. LExpanse of wings
26 millim.

Dharmsala.

The irregularity of the outline and the markings on the wings of this species are far
less pronounced than in the larger O. protheclaria.

HYPENIDA.

RHYNCHINA, Gueén.

Rhynchina plusioides. (Plate CX XXIII. fig. 9.)

Primaries with the basi-costal half greyish brown, suffused with silver-grey and more
or less irrorated with white, its outer edge biangulated and very oblique ; crossed at basal
third by a single or double, more or less distinct brown 3-shaped line; discoidal spots ill-
defined, outlined in black, or wholly obliterated ; remainder of wing dark greyish or reddish-
brown; the bases of the second and third median branches and of the lower radial vein
snow-white ; a double oblique central black line from the inner margin to the cell, and a
diffused, more or less pronounced, biangulated, smoky-grey tapering band, enclosing several
short black dashes, from the inner margin (beyond the double line) to the apex; a white
transverse crescent limiting the band near external angle; a marginal series of depressed

RHYNCHINA. 83

connected-conical brown or black spots, followed by a white stripe at the base of the fringe ;
remainder of fringe grey, darker at the end of the veins, and traversed by a slender whitish
line: secondaries pale sericeous grey, slightly darker at apex ; frmge creamy whitish: body
grey; palpi brown. Primaries below shining grey, with golden brown reflections; costal margin
beyond the middle black, spotted with pure white; fringe more uniformly coloured and more
sericeous than above: secondaries sordid whitish or whity brown, irrorated with darker
scales, and with a slender black marginal line: body below whitish grey. Expanse of wings
29 millim.
Dharmsala.

A common species, somewhat resembling a Plusia or Plusiodonta.

Rhynchina sagittata. (Plate CX XXIII. figs. 10, 11.)

Primaries reddish to greyish brown, the basal half dotted with black scales; an irre-
gularly sinuated, partly black-edged silver-greyish stripe (obsolete in the male) across the
basal third ; a short, oblique, ill-defined costal bar united to an indistinct B-shaped “ reni-
form” spot, and followed immediately by an unequally angulated, oblique, partly black-edged
subsigmoidal central stripe ; an acutely denticulated discal stripe near outer margin, and a
squamose external border (all these markings are silvery or ash-grey in the female; in the
male they are indistinct or wanting) ; three black subapical sagittate markings, the central
one continued in an oblique line to apex; costal margin towards apex blackish with pale
spots ; fringe nearly as in the preceding species: secondaries pale brownish grey; basi-costal
area and fringe sordid white: thorax corresponding in colour with the primaries; abdomen
grey. Primaries below sericeous grey ; costa irrorated with paler scales: secondaries sordid
white, irrorated with greyish-brown scales and with a discocellular lunule of the same colour ;
a slender blackish marginal line: body below silvery white. Expanse of wings, ¢ 28, 2 31
millim.

Dharmsala; taken by beating.

Somewhat allied to R. plusioides, and equally abundant; a singular variety occurs in
which there is a large basi-internal whitish oblong patch on the primaries.

Rhynchina cerulescens. (Plate CK XXIII. fig. 12.)

Primaries pale pearly bluish, irrorated and banded with coffee-brown; two dark grey
conical spots dividing the costal border into three nearly equal parts; discoidal spot rounded,
outlined in brown, and connected with the inner margin by two oblique coffee-brown lines,
the inner one opposite to the inner costal grey spot and connected with it by a pearly-white
angular stripe, the outer one followed by a pearly-white stripe enclosing a darker brown
line ; a diffused brown band tapering from inner margin near external angle to the outer
margin just below the apex; three longitudinal costal blackish dashes just before the apex ;

M2

84 HYPENID4.

an undulated black line followed by a white line along outer margin; inner half of fringe
dark brown; outer half testaceous ; secondaries brownish grey; fringe testaceous: body
and under surface pale greyish brown: the wings below sericeous, with golden reflections.
Expanse of wings 29-31] millim.

Dharmsala.

Rhynchina uniformis. (Plate CX XXIII. fig. 13.)

Primaries pale golden brown, fringe white ; basal half of costal margin narrowly black,
apical half white ; secondaries darker and greyer than primaries, fringe white ; body pale
greyish brown, the abdomen rather darker than the thorax, with slender white edges to the
segments : primaries below greyish, secondaries whity brown; body below pearly whitish.
Expanse of wings 25 millim.

Dharmsala.

Rhynchina rivuligera. (Plate CX XXIII. fig. 14.)

Primaries above rose-pink, sparsely irrorated here and there with black scales and
traversed by four more or less distinct, very oblique, grey stripes, the fourth of which is
parallel to outer margin; a large, cuneiform, golden-cupreous patch, the point of which
commences at the base below the cell, and the termination is bounded by the submarginal
stripe ; a silvery-white stripe, commencing at the base below the cupreous patch, which it
bounds as far as the middle of the wing, whence it curves upwards in the male, but turns
with a well-defined angle in the female, and terminates at apex; fringe grey, with a very
slender basal and a submarginal! line white: secondaries sericeous whity brown in the male,
greyish in the female, with greyer external area; fringe creamy whitish : body above whitish
in the male, greyish in the female. Under surface brassy whitish, the centre of the primaries
more or less suffused with grey. Expanse of wings, ¢ 35, 9 29 millim.

Dharmsala.

This species seems to be rare, as there is only a single pair in the collection, It appears
to be most nearly related to R. morosa ; but, on the other hand, it is possible that the male
of the latter may prove to be totally dissimilar.

Rhynchina angustata. (Plate CX XXIII. fig. 15.)

Closely allied to R. cramboides : of the same colouring and nearly the same pattern ; the
primaries are, however, decidedly narrower, the costa comparatively longer, the apex more
acute, and the outer margin more oblique and less convex ; the pale stripe beyond the middle
is straighter, has a slightly wider grey external border, and is followed by only one well-
defined (straight instead of undulated) dark grey line; the external area is not greyish as in
R. cramboides: the secondaries have a less arched outer margin and are much more

HYPENA. 85

sericeous ; and the under surface is paler, with more sericeous wings. Expanse of wings
31 millim.
Dharmsala.

“The straight instead of undulated submarginal stripe on the primaries is probably the
most reliable character by which this species may be distinguished from 2. cramboides.

HYPENA, Schr.

Hypena crassipalpis. (Plate CX XXIII. fig. 16.)

Size, outline, and general pattern of H. rostralis: primaries pale lilacine greyish irro-
rated with olive-brown; the broad belt represented by two olive-brown lines similar to those
of H. rostralis, the outer line slenderly white-edged ; no trace of the oblique costal dashes of
the European species; ‘ orbicular”’ spot represented by a small white-edged black spot ;
“reniform ”’ spot indistinct, 8-shaped ; two approximated zigzag olive-brown discal stripes
and a more or less diffused, imperfect, submarginal stripe ; costa towards apex blackish,
spotted with white; a pale-edged, subapical, black spot, an oblique black and grey bidentate
patch, forming the upper part of the external border, below apex; a marginal series of white-
edged, conical, black dots; fringe whity brown, traversed by two parallel, undulated, dark
grey lines: secondaries pale greyish brown, darker towards outer margin; basi-costal area
whitish; an interrupted black marginal line; fringe rather paler than in primaries: body
lilacine grey, abdomen with white edges to the segments. Primaries pale grey-brown ; costal
and external borders irrorated with whitish; a short, transverse, bisinuated, brown stripe
across the costal border beyond the cell ; two short, longitudinal, black, costal dashes before
the apex; margin and fringe nearly as above, but the outer undulated line on the fringe
blacker; internal border whitish: secondaries whity brown, irrorated with dark brown; a
dark brown discocellular spot; an angulated, macular, discal, grey-brown stripe; a diffused
external border of the same colour; six conical marginal black spots terminating in two black
dashes towards anal angle: body below whity brown, the palpi and front of pectus greyish
brown. LExpanse of wings 29-33 millim.

Dharmsala.

The palpi of this species are very deep and densely scaled, with erect terminal joint.

Hypena veronica. (Plate CXXXIII. fig. 17.)

Primaries above bright reddish chocolate, with silvery-blue markings as follows :—an
oblique stripe from base of median to basal third of submedian vein ; an incurved line starting
from beyond the middle of the costal margin, united just above lower radial vein to a nearly

2

straight line which runs obliquely inwards to just beyond the middle of the inner margin ; a

86 HYPENIDZ.

sprinkling of scales in two streaks beyond the incurved line above mentioned and above these
a large, almost conical, blackish-brown patch, followed immediately by two pale blue spots
and an oblique streak of blue scales; the whole external area between the veins irrorated
with blue scales which tend to form three series of spots; external border towards apex
irregularly blackish ; fringe with two blackish central lines: secondaries greyish brown, with
bright golden reflections ; a marginal line and two lines on the fringe dark grey: thorax
rufous brown; abdomen grey, with darker dorsal tufts towards the base. Under surface
grey, sprinkled with brown ; wings with golden reflections and whitish internal areas ; fringes
as above; secondaries with a blackish discocellular spot and a faint indication of an arched
brownish stripe beyond the cell. Expanse of wings 33 millim.

Dharmsala.

Very close to an unnamed species from Darjiling, but broader in the wings, brighter
in colouring, with no oblique streak connecting the elbowed blue line with the apex, but
with more continuous series of blue spots on a distinctly wider external area; the form of
the palpi also differs considerably. In spite of these differences, to a superficial observer
these two species would appear to be identical, and therefore it is necessary to point out the
characters which distinguish them.

Hypena biplagiata. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 1.)

Primaries whity brown, slightly tinted with lilac in front; a small black oval spot near
base of costal vein ; an oblique subquadrate dark brown patch with white margin (its outer
edge sinuated) extending from costal margin to submedian vein; a second large triangular
patch with a very irregularly-undulated whitish margin extending from the costa beyond the
middle to below the second median branch ; between these two patches is a chain-like series of
small whitish-edged spots, all brown excepting the last, which is black; external area ash-
grey, bounded internally by a darker white-bordered stripe ; a marginal series of black dots ;
fringe greyish brown, with a cream-coloured basal line: secondaries pearl-grey, darker along
external border; fringe paler than in primaries; head, collar, and prothorax dark brown ;
remainder of body pale greyish brown. Under surface pale golden brown; primaries
suffused with grey, secondaries with white; fringes nearly as above. Expanse of wings
32 millim.

Dharmsala.

Hypena urticicola. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 2.)

Nearly allied to H. tripunctalis of Japan. Of the same colours and general pattern ; but
the lines of the central belt are very indistinct below the cell, the dark costal patch forming
the upper half of this belt has a more oblique hinder margin and a more concave auterior
margin, the inferior portion being consequently more oblique and the angle much more
acute ; the outer or bidentate edge of the reniform spot forms a distinct black 3-like line,

AY

EPIZEUXIS.—PSEUDAGLOSSA. 87

which is never the case in H. tripunctalis, and the pale apical costal patch is narrower and
more elongated ; the primaries are comparatively longer with more acute subfalcate apex : on
the under surface the grey discal stripe is distinctly angular instead of being simply arched.
Expanse of wings 42-47 millim.

Dharmsala ; amongst nettles in October and at sugar.

The dark type of this species has been confounded with H. narratalis; the latter is,
however, uniformly darker, with differently formed and well-defined black lines representing
the central belt of primaries.

HERMINIIDA.

EPIZEUXIS, Hiibn.

Epizeuxis saccharivora. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 7.)

Pale greyish brown; wings with faint lilac reflections; markings blackish, very similar
to those of E. discisigna and E. egrota, but the third transverse line much less denticulated ;
secondaries almost as in H. egrota. Expanse of wings 26 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in July.

Epizeuxis maculifera. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 8.)

Nearly allied to H. lignea of Japan; much smaller, paler, whitish and grey: primaries
with a cuneiform black spot in the cell between the second and third lines (representing the
orbicular spot), reniform spot larger, black, edged with white; postmedian line less
denticulated, white-edged; marginal border internally pale-edged: base of secondaries
whitish ; internal half of the area between the central band and outer border white; other-
wise very similar. Expanse of wings 21 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in July.

PSEUDAGLOSSA, Grote.

Pseudaglossa fulvipicta. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 5.)

Primaries above sericeous lilacine grey, crossed by four nearly equidistant dark brown
stripes, the second arched, the others smuated, the third with pale external edge, the fourth
grey-edged, with pure white irroration commencing in two unequal subcostal white spots ;
discoidal spots bright ochreous, the “reniform”’ spot Q-shaped, enclosing two small black
dots ; a marginal series of triangular black spots followed by a slender white line at the base

88 HERMINIID.

of the fringe: secondaries greyish brown, darker and tinted with lilacine below the subcostal
vein ; crossed by three blackish stripes, the outermost being darkest, angular, and edged with
whitish ; marginal spots and fringe as in primaries: body dark purplish brown; abdomen
paler. Wings below brown, irrorated with white, stripes wider than above, rufous brown ;
discoidal spots black: body brown. Expanse of wings 33-35 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar during the rains.

Pseudaglossa atrata. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 6.)

Primaries bronze-brown, slightly tinted with lilac ; a black subbasal costal dash followed
by an irregularly sinuated black line across the basal fourth; a sinuous blackish central
band enclosing a yellow-centred black reniform spot ; an angular black marking beyond the
cell and an irregularly zigzag black submarginal line commencing in a quadrate subapical
spot; three yellow costal dots towards apex; a marginal series of black dots: secondaries
silvery grey : thorax brown; abdomen grey, with a brown and black dorsal tuft on basal
segment. Under surface grey; costal margin of primaries dark, with four pale dots towards
apex ; fringes with a pale white basal line. Expanse of wings 18 millim.

Dharmsala.

Only two slightly worn examples of this little species were obtained. The genus
Pseudaglossa seems to be much more nearly allied to Epizeuxis than to Aglossa.

HERMINIA, Latr.

Herminia palumbina. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 9.)

Near to H. duplexa of Moore (Lep. Atk. pl. vi. fig. 18) ; larger: the primaries slightly
yellower in tint ; the reniform spot narrower and filled in with black; the black central
costal dash longer, more oblique, running parallel to but beyond the reniform spot, forming
the commencement of a regularly-arched, denticulated, discal line, whereas that of H. duplexa
starts independently from costa and is irregular; the submarginal black and white stripe
abruptly and widely incised below apex, a diffused blackish shade, tending to unite it to the
dentated line, below the incision : secondaries apparently very similar: antennee less strongly
ciliated in the male. Expanse of wings 28 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in July.

Four examples were obtained by Mr. Hocking, all of them differing from Mr. Moore’s
figure of H. duplexa in the above characters.

a a

BLEPTINA.—BELONEPHOLIS. 89

BLEPTINA, Guén.

Bleptina dubia. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 4.)

Q. Brownish grey: primaries darker than the secondaries; a dusky trisinuated line
across the basal fourth and an irregularly-undulated central line followed immediately by a
pale band from costa to inner margin ; a zigzag discal series of white points; a grey apical
oblique streak ; a marginal series of conical blackish spots followed by a pale line at the base
of the fringe : secondaries with similar marginal spots and fringe. Primaries below pale grey ;
costa darker, with three whitish dots towards apex ; marginal spots black : secondaries whitish,
especially towards the basi-abdominal area; a discocellular spot and two ill-defined bands
across the disc greyish brown; margin and fringe as in. primaries. Body greyish white.
Expanse of wings 35 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in September and October.

Unfortunately there are only four slightly worn female examples of this species in Mr.
Hocking’s collection.

EGNASIA, /Valk.

Egnasia cinerea. (Plate CXXXYV. fig. 1.)

Closely allied to E. vaga (“ Thermesia” vaga) from Silhet, but slightly larger and of a
greyish ash-colour, slightly tinted with brown and with white or whitish-edged black markings
(E. vaya, on the other hand, is lilacine grey varied with ferrugimous and ochraceous; the
markings less black) ; in pattern it chiefly differs in having larger and more prominent
discoidal spots ; the two lines beyond the cell much wider apart in the primaries, but rather
closer together in the secondaries; the white submarginal line broadly bordered internally
with a diffused black and dark grey shade; and the fringes more distinctly black-spotted.
Jixpanse of wings 40 millim.

Dharmsala.

EPIPASCHITDZ.

BELONEPHOLIS, gen. nov.

General form of Cardamyla: costal vein of primaries running to beyond the middle of
costa; subcostal vein five-branched, first branch emitted at about the basal third, running
close to the main vein to about the apical third, and thence obliquely upwards to costa, the
second starting just beyond the first and running to about the apical fourth, the third and
fourth forming a short apical furca and forming a fork with the fifth, which starts about

N

90 EPIPASCHIIDA.

halfway between the end of the cell and the outer margin ; the upper radial is emitted from
the anterior angle of the cell; the discocellular veinlet is inarched, very delicate, and only
partially developed; the lower radial is emitted from the posterior angle of the cell close to
the second and third median branches; the first median is emitted rather nearer than usual
to the second ; submedian vein looped towards the base: secondaries with the costal vein
straight, passing so close to the subcostal vein beyond the cell that it almost seems to fork
from it: subcostal with two branches which run parallel and close to each other for about
one fourth of the distance between the cell and outer margin; discocellular veinlet unequally
angulated ; median branches and radial vein arranged as in the primaries: the wings are
coarsely scaled towards the base on the upper surface, and the secondaries are ornamented by
about four long, black, needle-like scales emitted above the lower subcostal branch. Body
robust ; head large, crested between the antenne, the male with long recurved plumes, with
prominent eyes and thick erect palpi with long needle-like terminal joint ; the abdomen
barely exceeds the secondaries in length ; antennz simple, slender; legs thick, but tolerably
long and with well-developed spurs.

Belonepholis striata. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 3.)

Wings above rose-pink, basal area broadly whity brown speckled with black, and followed
on the primaries by a black-edged angulated pale band which tapers towards inner margin ; a
broad and slightly arched, central, golden-testaceous band; a slender, arched, discal line
followed by a purplish-edged chrome-yellow band; external border dark glossy red, crossed
by black-edged silvery-blue veins; fringe with a cream-coloured basal line, followed by a
glossy red stripe; the outer half silvery white ; costal border of primaries whitish, speckled
with black to beyond the middle: body whity brown, speckled with black ; the head, collar,
and anal segment reddish. Under surface sericeous, pale golden with pink reflections, the
outer borders and a discal line rosy purplish; inner border of primaries and pectus silvery.
Expanse of wings 31 millim.

Dharmsala.

We have a small and imperfect specimen of this species (24 millim. in expanse), obtained
in Japan by Mr. George Lewis; also a second male example in good condition from the same
locality.

The above genus is one of the most tedious to describe, the subcostal branches being so
much crowded together and the costal border so densely scaled that, even when the wing is

denuded, the coarse ribbing of the surface and the character of the veins render examination
extremely difficult.

PYRALIS. il

PYRALIDS.

PYRALIS, Linn.

Pyralis marmorea. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 10.)

Allied to P. farinalis : primaries with *the basal fourth black, with a paler basal spot ;
outer edge of basal area slightly sinuous, bordered with white, which forms the inner boundary
of the central belt, the latter occupying rather more than the central half of the wing, whitish,
its outer half irregularly suffused with dull sienna-brown and speckled with black ; a more or
less pronounced black crescent in the cell; outer border of central belt white, arched and den-
ticulated ; costa between the two white borders narrowly black spotted with white; external
area blackish internally, whity brown with a submarginal series of blackish spots outwardly ;
fringe with two smoky-brown stripes: secondaries silvery brownish white, with pale brown
lunules towards outer margin and a marginal series of blackish-brown lunules ; fringe traversed
by a smoky-brown stripe, and with traces of a second stripe towards anal angle: head, collar,
and prothorax reddish brown, speckled with purplish black ; remainder of body greyish white,
the abdomen broadly barred with black and with red-brownish anal segment. Under surface
silvery whitish, the markings indistinct, grey discocellular spots; blackish marginal spots :
primaries with the basal three fourths of costa black-spotted: body below silvery greyish, the
tarsi and the anterior tibiz above black barred with whitish. Expanse of wings 28 millim.

Dharmsala.

A common species, breeding in skins &c. in the house : it is very distinct from any of the
allied forms of the P. farinalis group: from P. elongalis, Kollar, it differs in the much darker
aud duller colourig of the upper surface and the whitish under surface of its wings.

Pyralis fumipennis. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 11.)

Coloration of primaries similar to that of P. farinalis, but the central belt much less
irregular, its outer margin forming a regular arch from costa to below first median branch,
below which it is >-shaped: secondaries smoky grey, with markings nearly as in P. farinalis :
body similar to the lighter examples of P. farinalis. Expanse of wings 19 millim.

Dharmsala.

Only one example was in the collection; it is, however, so dissimilar from P. farinalis in
the pattern of the primaries that it has been necessary to name it.

Pyralis princeps. (Plate CX XXIV. fig. 12.)

Primaries with the basal third, internal border, and posterior two thirds of outer border

lilac, remainder of ground-colour golden ochraceous, the portion within and immediately
N 2

92 PYRALID.

beyond the central belt streaked with blood-red ; an oblique metallic silver bar bounding the
upper two thirds of the central belt internally and a tapering silver dash from costa bounding
the upper third externally ; the costal margin between these two silver markings spotted with
pale metallic gold; the outer edge of the belt is indicated below the silver dash by a pale
sinuous line bordered on both sides with chocolate ; fringe lilacine, shading into rosy cupreous
and with a dark brown basal stripe: secondaries with the basal third purplish lilac, and
bounded externally by a slender sigmoidal silvery-lilac line ; central belt cupreous brown,
enclosing a small blackish and lilacine ocelloid spot towards.costa, and bounded externally by
a subanguiated undulated black and silvery lilac line followed by a cupreous-brown stripe ;
external area lilac, glaucous in the centre; a blackish apical submarginal streak and two or
three subanal cupreous-brown lunules; frmge much as in primaries: head and collar dull
clay-coloured ; thorax purple; abdomen greyish brown. Wings below shining silvery, with
indications of the colouring and pattern of the upper surface: body below pale golden-brown.
Expanse of wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar: a rare species.

This is the most beautiful Pyralis hitherto described ; we have two examples of it in the
Museum from Yezo, and Mr. Hocking obtained four at Dharmsala. It is evidently a local
representative of P. regalis, but the golden colouring extends over a much greater portion of
the primaries.

EUCLITA, Hiidn.

Euclita dharmsale. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 13.)

Allied to P. platymitris, of the same colours, but rather smaller; the central belt of
primaries one third narrower, its inner edge showing no trace of angulation, its outer edge
much more oblique, slightly bisinuate ; basal half of secondaries whitish, the central white
line more irregular than in P. platymitris, undulated. Expanse of wings 20-26 millim.

Dharmsala.

This appears to be a much rarer species than P. platymitris.

Euclita fortis. (Plate CX XXIV. fig. 14.)

One of the largest species in the genus, with smooth densely-scaled porrected palpi,
somewhat as in EH, rubidalis but more robust and less deflexed. Primaries rosy flesh-coloured,
so densely irrorated with dark grey atoms as to appear to be rosy brown; central belt slightly
darker than the basal and external areas, occupying about a third of the wing, wider on costal
than on inner margin, and with slightly sinuous pale borders, dotted on the costa with whitish ;
discocellular veinlet blackish ; fringe pale buff, tipped and banded with dark grey : secondaries

pale sericeous bronze-brown, changing in certain lights to grey; a central abbreviated pale-

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HELIOTHELA.—PORPHYRITIS. 93

edged dusky line from submedian vein; fringe as in primaries: thorax rosy brown, greyish in
the centre; head and palpi slightly redder; abdomen bronze-brown. Under surface greyish,
with golden-bronze reflections; costal borders slightly rosy ; discocellular spots and a discal
curved stripe grey ; fringes slightly paler than on the upper surface: upper surface of tibize
blackish. Expanse of wings 29 millim.

Kulu.

This species somewhat reminds one of the Chilian Blepharocerus rosellus, Blanch.
Mr. Hocking only obtained one example of it.

HERCYNIDA.

HELIOTHELA, Guén.

Heliothela pusilla. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 15.)

Primaries sericeous, dark cupreous brown, sprinkled in certain lights with shining bluish-
plumbaginous scales ; the reniform spot of the same colour; the central belt indicated by two
irregular black lines partly relieved by pale spots, the costal spot of the second series creamy
white : secondaries black-brown, with a large bright ochreous patch extending from the base
to beyond the cell, and enclosing a conspicuous subcuneiform black spot ; costal area greyish :
body black. Primaries below dark sericeous brown, slightly purplish at apex in certain lights ;
inner border greyish white ; base whitish; a smail subbasal pale golden tuft ; an oblique white
band from costa beyond the middle; fringe dark grey, with a pale basal line: secondaries
nearly as above, but the basal third of costa ochreous and the remainder of costa black: body
below pale bronze-brown. Expanse of wings 1] millin.

Dharmsala ; a day-flier,

ENNYCHIID.

PORPHYRITIS, Hiibn.

Porphyritis maculata. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 16.)

Primaries dark purplish brown; orbicular spot small, ochreous, placed between two very
irregular zigzag ochreous bands sprinkled with red scales; the second of these bands is formed
by the union of two unequal spots by means of a narrow oblique stripe of the same colour ;
fringe tipped with silvery white on apical half, and with a continuous black subbasal stripe :
secondaries black ; a subbasal trifid ochreous patch and an oblique central malleiform ochreous

band ; a small submarginal ochreous lunule ; fringe with the basal half, apex, and a patch in

D4, ASOPIIDA.

the centre blackish, remainder pale creamy yellow: body black, with the whole of the divisions
outlined in pale yellow ; abdomen ochraceous at the sides. Under surface chrome-yellow ;
costa of primaries black-edged and brown-speckled to beyond the middle ; a large purplish-
black Q-shaped patch at the end of the cell; external border, excepting a spot connected
with the ground-colour at external angle, shining dark copper-brown ; fringe much more
shiny and greyer than above: secondaries with the base yellow, otherwise nearly as above,
excepting that the dark portions are browner and shot with fiery cupreous and purple tints :
palpi, collar, and under surface of anterior femora and tibiz white ; centre of pectus and of
venter brownish. Expanse of wings 14 millim.

Dharmsala; a day-flier.

Allied to P. fermosana.

ASOPIIDA.

DANAGA, Moore.
Danaga picata. (Plate CXKXXIV. fig. 17.)

Wings grey, sprinkled with blackish atoms: primaries crossed before the basal third by
a black stripe; a small pure white transverse spot in the cell, followed by a G-shaped blackish
marking; a white band broken into two portions and bounded by a white-edged undulated
discal black line; base of fringe white spotted with black, outer half black with two white
patches: secondaries with a G-shaped marking at end of cell connected by a black line with
abdominal margin ; a short irregular white band from costa beyond the cell connected by a
white line with abdominal margin, and followed by a white-edged undulated black line;
fringe white, spotted with black at base; otherwise blackish on apical half, white with an anal
blackish spot on anal half: body dark grey: antenne and proboscis pearly white; head
whitish ; abdomen with pure white edges to the segments. Wings below nearly as above:
body below whitish; legs pearly white. Expanse of wings 17 millim.

Dharmsala.

Danaga biformis. (Plate CXXXV. figs. 2, 3.)

3d. Sericeous smoky brown; fringes pale ochreous, with a central dark grey patch, a
central series of partly confluent black spots, apex of primaries dark grey ; costa of primaries
pale ochreous, crossed by seven black spots, the fifth and sixth annular; lines of central belt
very irregular, blackish, the centre of the belt occupied by a transverse ochreous band inter-
rupted in front by the discoidal spots, which are black and annular; inner line of the central
belt bordered with ochreous; a marginal ochreous spot near external angle: secondaries

black at base, followed by a broad, very irregular, externally blackish-edged belt enclosing a

CINDAPHIA.—DIPLOTYLA. 95

black discocellular spot; towards the abdominal margin the yellow extends slightly beyond
the blackish edging; a yellow spot below the middle of outer margin: antennz whitish ;
thorax spotted with creamy whitish ; abdomen with a pale yellow basal band, anal segment
orange with a central silver-grey spot. Wings below cream-coloured to about the middle,
with the markings blackish, remainder of wings greyish bronze with a cream-coloured
marginal spot; costa of primaries cream-coloured with black markings ; fringes as above:
body below creamy white. Expanse of wings 21 millim.

?. The primaries partly suffused with pale ochreous to the outer edge of the central
belt; the black lines limiting the belt are consequently much more prominent: body suffused
with yellow throughout ; otherwise very similar to the male. Expanse of wings 20 millim.

Dharmsala; taken at sugar.

Evidently a common species. The dissimilarity of the sexes is unusual in this genus.

CINDAPHIA, Led.

Cindaphia tricolor. (Plate CXXXIV. fig. 18.)

Purplish brown: primaries with a small triangular spot near the middle of the cell and
a large oval spot across the end of the cell hyaline white ; two yellowish costal spots on the
outer half of the wing, and a large diffused ochreous spot below them and just beyond the
oval hyaline spot; fringe blackish with two pale lines, the outer half alternately blackish and
white : secondaries with silvery basi-costal area; a large hyaline white oval spot in the cell,
connected with the abdominal margin by an irregnlarly-denticulated narrow pale yellow line ;
an irregularly arched discal series of dots aud a submarginal spot of the same colour; fringe
similar to that of the primaries: body blackish, head and collar sprinkled with yellowish
scales ; abdomen with white edges to the segments. Primaries below with the basal two thirds
ochreous ; markings as above: secondaries with the base and a lunate patch on costal half
beyond the middle pale yellow; otherwise as above: pectus and legs whity brown; venter
silvery white. Expanse of wings 18 millim.

Dharmsala.

Although four or five distinct tints occur in the colouring of this insect, they all resolve
themselves into shades of dark brown, ochreous, and white.

DIPLOTYLA, Meyr.

Diplotyla longipalpis. (Plate CKXXYV. fig. 4.)

Primaries smoky greyish brown, suffused over basal two thirds with reddish ; a pale spot
in the cell; mner stripe of central belt slightly oblique, sinuated in the middle, ill-defined ;
outer line somewhat as in D. ochrosema, but less irregular though more minutely denticulated ;

U6 ASOPIIDA.

fringes of all the wings pale buff, traversed by a series of black dashes on basal half, otherwise
smoky grey with silvery tips : secondaries fuliginous brown, with whitish costa: body bronze-
brown*, Wings below pale bronze-brown, with white-edged grey discocellular spots and
irregular discal stripe; fringes as above: pectus and legs bone-whitish; the femora with a
brownish central spot on their inner sides. Expanse of wings 24 millim.

Dharmsala.

The palpi of this species are unusually long for the genus.

THYSANODESMA, gen. nov.

Allied to Nacoleia, but the antenne of the male moniliform, tapering, with fine ciliations,
each joint being terminated by two fine hairs, one from each anterior angle. Type 7. pre-

teritalis (Asopia? preteritalis, Walk.).

In his ‘ Lepidoptera of Ceylon’ Mr. Moore correctly characterizes the genus Nacoleia ;
but, in all probability, his descriptions of the species were drawn up from female examples,
and consequently will have to be transferred to the present genus. The males seem to be
rare, as both of the specimens collected by Mr. Hocking, viz. “‘ Nacoleia costisignalis ”
the following new species, are females.

and

Thysanodesma major. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 5.)

Nearly allied to 7. preteritalis, but much larger, less brown in colouring; markings
much blacker; the primaries with the costal margin only black-spotted between the two
black lines representing the central belt. Expanse of wings 19 millim.

Dharmsala.

GADESSA, Afoore.

Gadessa? ossea. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 6.)

Bone-whitish, clouded with patches of grey scales; pattern very similar to Hedylepta
vulgalis, but the reniform spot of primaries broad; the orbicular spot nearer to the inner
stripe of the central belt, and the outer stripe of the secondaries more irregular and divided
in the middle. Expanse of wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala.

This species bears considerable resemblance to some of the American forms placed by

Lederer in his genus Blepharomastix ; but the structure of the palpi is entirely dissimilar.

* The abdomen has been stuck on and may not belong to the specimen; it is pearl-grey, white
below.

aa

OLIGOSTIGMA.—HARITALA. oF

HYDROCAMPID &.

OLIGOSTIGMA, Guén.

Oligostigma locuples. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 7.)

Nearly allied to O. iambealis; the wings shorter, bright silver with golden-ochreous
bands, for the most part narrowly edged with blackish: primaries with the pattern of
O. iambealis: secondaries with four ochreous bands, the first subbasal, abbreviated, the
second angulated, before the middle, the third discal, tapering at anal angle, united at both
extremities to the fourth, which is marginal and unequally trisinuated ; a marginal blackish
edging to all these bands excepting the short subbasal one: body silvery white, with an
ochraceous band across the back of the tegule and thorax. Expanse of wings 14 millim.

Dharmsala.

Evidently rare, as Mr. Hocking only obtained one example.

Oligostigma dives. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 8.)

Smaller than the preceding species; black-edged discocellular spots on all the wings ;
the second band of secondaries quite different, in form P-shaped, enclosing the discocellular
spot; otherwise almost exactly the same in pattern. Expanse of wings 12 millim.

Dharmsala.

Five specimens of this little species were obtained.

HARITALA, Moore.

Haritala definita. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 9.)

Most like H. trigalis; pale stramineous. Wings with a continuous band across the basal
sixth and a submarginal band pale greyish brown: primaries with three black stripes, the first
subbasal, the second crossing the middle of the cell, the third commencing at about the apical
fourth of costa, running in aslightly oblique sinuous line to first median branch, where it bends
abruptly inwards and disappears, recommencing near the base of the same nervule and running
obliquely inwards to inner margin; a black discocellular lunule ; fringe traversed by a black
line and tipped with white and black: secondaries with an oblique black stripe across basal
third united to a slender black abdominal line, and an abbreviated black stripe from costa to
first median branch across external third; a diffused brownish patch between these stripes ;
fringe as in primaries: body pale golden stramineous varied with silvery white; collar and
tegule spotted with black. Under surface creamy white ; markings much less distinct than
above; costal border of primaries golden stramineous. Expanse of wings 33 millim.

Dharmsala.

98 MARGARODIDA.— ZAGERIIDA.

MARGARODID&.

HETEROCNEPHES, Led.

Heterocnephes venosa. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 10.)

Bronze-brown: wings shining; fringes silvery, with a slender central greyish line; outer
margin black: primaries with a large cuneiform costal patch beyond the middle, the front of
this patch is golden ochreous and the back part white ; external area greyish white, crossed by
black veins and internervular streaks: secondaries with the costa and apical border whitish :
head above with a semicircular patch in front and the margins pearly white; edges of abdo-
minal segments and anus with golden reflections. Wings below paler than above, the bases
and internal areas greyish white: body below pearly white. Expanse of wings 28 millim.

Dharmsala.

BOTIDID &%.

SCOPULA, Schr.

Scopula bisignata. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 11.)

Primaries sericeous, pale golden or cupreous, with black discocellular spots; the
dentate-sinuate discal line almost or altogether obliterated; fringe slightly paler than the
rest of the wing: secondaries sericeous, greyish with golden reflections, darkest at apical
border ; fringe pale golden; costa white: body pale golden, the thorax slightly brownish.
Wings below pale shining bronzy grey, frmges paler: body below creamy whitish, palpi
ochraceous ; antenn pale golden. Expanse of wings 24 millim.

Dharmsala.

A common species.

AGERIIDA.

MELITTIA, Hiidn.

Melittia kulluana. (Plate CXXXYV. fig. 12.)
Melittia kulluana, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 392.

Near to M. chalciformis from Moulmein and Java; it chiefly differs in the much
narrower dark external border of primaries, and consequently in the much greater width of
the hyaline area preceding it. EExpanse of wings 30 millim.

Kula.

Mr. Moore compares this with M. nepcha and M. indica; the former is not in the
Museum collection, the latter is less closely allied to it than M. chalciformis.

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URAPTERYX.—TETRACIS. 99

URAPTERYGIDA.

URAPTERYX, Leach.

Urapteryx excellens. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 13.)

Creamy white: primaries slightly tinted with sulphur-yellow ; costal margin narrowly
black ; an oblique dark grey band, commencing just beyond the basal fourth of costa, and
running to about the external fourth of inner margin, continued as a slender blackish line
almost to external angle, where it unites with a second similar band from third fifth of costa ;
between these two bands is a dark grey discocellular stripe; a longitudinal dark grey stripe
along the submedian vein from the base to the first oblique band; fringe of inner margin
grey, tipped with white ; costal area towards the base crossed by short dark grey lines, two
of which are also present between the two grey bands; disc transversely striated with blackish
lines; outer margin, excepting at external angle, black, with dark grey fringe: secondaries
with a bright yellow band near outer margin from first subcostal to first median branch,
bounded internally by an oblique blackish streak and a series of groups of black scales ; first
median branch mottled with black ; submedian vein black ; five black marginal spots; fringe
dark grey, excepting at anal angle; an apparently grey arched central band produced by the
transparency of the wing, which renders the markings of the under surface visible above :
face spotted with brown in each corner. Under surface of wings pale stramineous, shading
into ochraceous; grey and blackish markings as above, but better defined, costal borders
blotched with blackish: secondaries with a small black spot at the end of the cell followed by
an arched black band from third fifth of costa to extremity of interno-median fold: body
below white; legs mottled with black. Expanse of wings 52 millim.

Cashmere.

In form this species comes nearest to U. maculicaudaria; but in colouring it is unlike
any other described Urapteryx; it somewhat reminds one of Tristrophis veneris, but the
ueuration is that of the typical genus.

ENNOMIDA.

TETRACIS, Guén.*

Tetracis indica. (Plate CX XXV. fig. 16.)

Pale brown, the primaries and abdominal half of secondaries slightly suffused with pink ;

a slightly darker central band with dentate-sinuate greyish edges, the denticles indicated here

* Represented by a female example only, the palpi of which are injured; it is therefore possible
that it may represent the type of an allied new genus.
02

100 ENNOMID.

and there by blackish points on the nervures; a sinuous discal line, conspicuously spotted
with black on the primaries, excepting between the median branches; a submarginal series
of minute black dots; fringe with a pale basal line, central and terminal grey lines: primaries
with an oblique line, spotted with black on the veins, across the basal fourth ; this and the
two lines of the central band commencing in oblique blackish costal dashes; external area
slightly darker than the prevailing ground-colour and irrorated with blackish atoms:
secondaries with pale costal area; the whole surface irrorated sparsely with blackish and
grey atoms: head and antenne pale buff, palpi black ; thorax tinted with ash-grey. Under
surface sericeous straw-yellow ; the lines of the upper surface represented by series of blackish
spots, excepting the inner line of the central band, which is obsolete on the primaries, but.
represented by a mottled grey stripe on the secondaries; the irroration of the wings more
prominent than above: pectus speckled with black; abdomen with a lateral series of black
spots. Expanse of wings 54 millim. |

9, Dharmsala.

The form of the wings in this species is identical with that of Tetracis, but the colouring
of the wings much more nearly resembles Zethenia; from what remains of the palpi the
species would seem not to be a typical Tetracis, but until more examples are obtained it
would be premature to separate it generically.

Psyra debilis of Warren must be placed next to T. indica, from which it principally differs
in its straw-coloured wings and inferior size; neither of them correspond strictly with Psyra
in the angulation of their wings.

PSEUDOMIZA, gen. nov.

Form of wings as in Cimicodes (C. torquataria) ; antennee of the male varying from the
ciliated to the pectinated type, as in that genus; but the palpi angulated, with naked terminal
joint : the primaries with the second and third median branches much wider apart at their
origins.

Nearly allied to Omiza: the antenne less strongly pectinated : the primaries much more
acute, the costa less convex or even sinuous, the furea of the subcostal vein much shorter ;
the outer margin more convex: the secondaries wider, with the second and third median

branches nearer together at their origins, Type P. castanearia.

This genus will contain Ellopia formosa and i. pulchra, Cimicodes sanguiflua, C. flava,
C. cruentaria, C. castanearia, and perhaps Ennomos spilotelaria.

Pseudomiza argillacea. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 15.)

Clear ochraceous clay-coloured irrorated with black atoms; a straight oblique ferruginous
line, bordered internally by a pale pink sericeous stripe, from apex of primaries to just beyond
the middle of the abdominal margin of secondaries ; outer border rosy lilacine; fringes ferru-

ginous, edged with ochreous in the primaries ; costal border of primaries deep dull orange, the

es ee a) all

~ CORYMICA.—HYPEPHYRA. 101

margin ochreous flecked with black ; a barely perceptible trisinuated reddish line across the
basal fourth ; a black spot at the end of the cell : head and collar dark red-brown ; antennie
and abdomen much paler, the former rosy. Under surface pale rufous brownish, sericeous :
the wings mottled with black ; a black spot at the end of each discoidal cell; the oblique
stripe darker than above, bordered internally with ochreous and pink ; outer margins llacine
pink ; fringes darker than above; costa of primaries paler than above: legs slightly black-
speckled. Expanse of wings 37-40 millim.
Dharmsala; at sugar in September.

CORYMICA, Walk.

Corymica vitrigera. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 14.)

Nearly allied to C. pryeri of Japan : of the same colours and general pattern ; it, however,
differs constantly in the fact that the dark spots on the inner margin are united at their inner
extremities by a longitudinal brown bar, the two inner ones invariably, but all three usually ;
the spot, below these markings, on the costa of secondaries is also widened upon the margin,
so that it is funnel-shaped instead of forming a short transverse band, and the spot on the
abdominal margin is decidedly larger. Expanse of wings 35-40 millim.

Dharmsala; obtained by beating.

All the species of Corymica are very closely allied; but if Mr. Hocking had not retained
eight examples of this species, it would have been impossible to be sure of the constancy of
the shght characters which distinguish it from the Japanese form.

; HYPEPHYRA, gen. nov.

Nearest to the New-World genus Acrosemia, of the same form and with very similar
neuration, palpi, and antenne; the body is, however, altogether weaker and much shorter ;
the tegulz smaller and without the long fringes of Acrosemia, and the anal tuft is less deve-
loped; the coloration is intermediate between Hyperythra and Ephyra or Anisodes, from all

of which genera the short and delicate ciliation of the antenne at once distinguishes it.

Hypephyra terrosa. (Plate CXXXYV. fig. 17.)

Whity brown suffused with pink, irrorated with darker brown ; external third of wings
darker than the rest of the upper surface, bounded internally by an indistinct brownish-edged
slightly irregular transverse paler line: primaries with the costa pale, flecked with blackish :
secondaries with a grey discocellular spot. Under surface pale creamy stramineous, sparsely
irrorated with grey; external area of primaries deeper yellow, with a greyish patch towards
inner margin ; fringes grey, with bronze reflections. Expanse of wings 40 millim.

Dharmsala.

102 ENNOMIDA..—AMPHIDASYID.

ABACISCUS, gen. nov.

Aspect of Hypochroma; of similar form and markings; but structurally nearest to
Angerona, there being no radial to the secondaries; the antenne finely ciliated, not pecti-
- nated as in Angerona; the palpi broader ; the tibiz of the posterior legs almost twice the
length of those of Angerona, more uniformly thickened and flattened ; the tarsi shorter :
neuration of primaries very similar, but the costal and subcostal veins of secondaries are

distorted so that they are contiguous for about a quarter of their length from the base.

Abaciscus tristis. (Plate CXXXV. fig. 18.)

Primaries smoky blackish, crossed at basal fourth by a zigzag black line and at centre of
disc by a subangulated dentate-sinuate black line edged externally with white crescents and
dots, and terminating on inner margin in a mottled patch of white ; a transverse black disco-
cellular litura ; a submarginal series of white spots; a patch of white scales, bounded inter-
nally by a white crescent, on the outer border within the second median interspace; fringe
spotted with white: secondaries white mottled with blackish, apical border blackish, traversed
by three white crescents; anal border less distinctly blackish, also enclosing three white
erescents ; central belt represented by two dentate-sinuate black lines, the inner one oblique
and slightly arched; the outer one strongly arched ; an oblique black discocellular dash
between the two lines; fringe spotted with black: thorax dark smoky grey, with whitish
bands across the end of the tegulz ; abdomen brownish, with two dorsal series of black spots
and more or less prominent transverse whitish bands. Under surface chalky white, irrorated

with dark grey; other markings nearly as above, but almost wholly silver-grey instead of

blackish: antenne below orange. Expanse of wings 40 millim. .
Dharinsala.
AMPHIDASYID.

AMPHIDASYS, Trect.

Amphidasys porphyria. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 1.)

6. Allied to A. robusta of Japan; a little smaller, with narrower wings; the outer
borders paler, with irregularly dentated internal white edges ; the central belt much wider on
the primaries, and bordered by considerably thicker and blacker lines: the outer line of the
secondaries also thicker, blacker, less angulated, and nearer to outer margin: the thorax
decidedly blacker ; the antennz shorter and much less red in colouring. Expanse of wings
70 millim.

Kangra district; reared from pupa.

ALCIS.—CHOGADA. 1038

BOARMIIDA.

ALCIS, Hiibn.
Alcis sublimis. (Plate CXXXYV. fig. 19.)

Primaries above with the basal third granite-grey, mottled with whitish and traversed
externally by two sinuous black stripes; central third white, striated with grey, and in the
male suffused with pale buff; an imperfect series of black or blackish spots on the veins near
the outer edge of this whitish belt ; a grey and blackish blotch at the end of the cell; external
third granite-grey varied with blackish or black; an interrupted zigzag whitish or white
stripe across the middle of this area, and a pale buff or whitish diffused spot near outer margin
on second median interspace ; fringe whitish, spotted with smoky grey: secondaries pale
granite-grey, fading into white towards costa; two divergent widely separated darker grey
streaks and a spot at the end of the cell, all obsolete in the male, but fairly well-defined in
the female; a zigzag submarginal white stripe, bordered internally with dark grey or black
towards the abdominal margin: thorax granite-grey ; shank of antennz dotted with white ;
abdomen more or less grey, with white hind margins to the segments, anal tuft pale buff.
Under surface sericeous white ; a broad grey border spotted with white as in the allied species ;
fringes as above; slight grey traces of the upper surface markings visible through the wings ;
costa of primaries mottled with black ; anterior tibia and tarsi black, barred with cream-colour
above. LExpanse of wings 40-48 millim.

Dharmsala, and at Trioon above Dharmsala, 9000 feet elevation, where it flew out of the
grass.

The pattern of this species somewhat resembles that of A trikotaria; it is nevertheless
much more nearly allied to A. noctivolans of Japan; it appears to be a common species, is
Mr. Hocking retained nine examples.

CHOGADA, Moore.

Chogada latipennis. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 2.)

do. Whity brown, irrorated with smoky brown ; external area slightly browner, bounded
internally by a dark brown dentate-sinuate band enclosing a pale stripe ; a second somewhat
similar band, bounded internally by a black line, beyond the middle ; this line on the primaries
is elbowed and strongly denticulated from the costa to the angle; a more regular dentate-
sinuate dark brown central line; avery irregularly angulate black line across the basal third ;
“yeniform ” spot blackish-bordered, elongate-pyriform :; secondaries with an elbowed line
across basal fourth ; the discocellular spot cuneiform: abdomen crossed by abbreviate white-

edged black transverse bars. Underside pale sericeous brown ; blackish discocellular dashes ;

104 GEOMETRID.

an arched postmedian series of blackish dots on the veins, and a diffused greyish submarginal
band ; costa of primaries ochraceous. Expanse of wings 47 millim.
Dharmsala.

GEOMETRIDA.

LOXOCHILA, Butl.

Loxochila variegata. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 3.)

Emerald-green, streaked and banded with pale pinky brown with whitish edges: the
primaries with two bands diverging on the costa: the secondaries with a broad belt occupying
the greater part of the outer half of the wing; fringes alternately brownish and silvery white ;
costa and apex of primaries clear golden yellow varied with purplish brown ; costa of secondaries
silvery white; palpi rufous brown; vertex of head whitish; antenne yellow; abdomen with
white edges to the segments. Under surface of wings with the markings of the upper surface
white, partly lost in the white colouring of the basal area; external areas pea-green ; a brown-
dotted dusky denticulated discal line across the wings; costa and apex of primaries nearly as
above ; basal area of wings opaline: body pearl-white. LExpanse of wings, ¢ 40 millim.,
9 51 millim.

Dharmsala.

NEMORIA, Hiibn.*

Nemoria gracilis. (Plate CXX XVI. fig. 4.)

Pale emerald-green ; an indistinct sinuous narrow silvery-white line across the disc of the
wings almost as in N. viridata; a second less distinct line just before the middle: costa of
primaries and basal half of fringe on all the wings pale creamy yellow; outer half of fringe
silvery white: vertex of head white, the antennz slightly yellowish; face, anterior cox, and
inner side of anterior tibize and tarsi reddish testaceous ; inner side of other tarsi shining ochre-
ous. Wings with a slender golden-ochreous marginal line. Expanse of wings 22-24 millim.

Dharmsala.

The lines across the upper surface of the wings in this species are so indistinct, but more

especially the inner line, that they might easily be overlooked in worn or faded specimens.

Nemoria gelida. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 5.)
Silvery whitish, densely irrorated with emerald-green; fringes tipped with white:

primaries with the base of the costa and two stripes, dividing the wing into three equal parts,

* This genus is said to have pectinated or ciliated antenne in the male; in NV. viridata and allies
the antenne are simple.

THALASSODES.—RACHEOSPILA. 105

silvery white : secondaries crossed just beyond the middle by a single white stripe: vertex of
head, palpi, upper surface of antenne and abdomen, excepting at the base, white; face
brownish testaceous. Wings. below greenish white: body white, legs creamy white. Hxpanse
of wings 27 millim.

Dharmsala; in June.

Three examples only were obtained.

THALASSODES, Guén.

Thalassodes unduligera. (Plate CXKXXVI. fig. 6.)

Pale sea-green; the angulation of the secondaries very slightly defined, so that the form
of the wings closely resembles that of Nemoria: primaries with the costa narrowly pure white ;
two undulated indistinct slender white lines similar to those of 7. ambigua of Japan ; fringe
of outer margin white : secondaries with a single line as in 7. ambigua and white fringe ; face
chestnut-red, pale in front; vertex of head and shaft of antennze white; pectinations of
antenne pale brownish testacecous. Wings below grecnish white, sericeous, without markings,
fringes white; costal margin of primaries pale yellow: body below pearly white. Expanse of
wings 27-32 millim.

Kult.

COMIBENA, Hiibn.

Comibena quadrinotata. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 7.)

Pale pea-green ; costal margins of wings silvery white; a black spot at the end of each
cell; a few blackish marginal points ; a large purplish-grey spot at external angle of primaries
and another at apex of secondaries ; fringes greyish white, flecked with purplish grey opposite
to the spots of that colour, and with a pure white basal line: primaries crossed by two widely
separated extremely indistinct irregular whitish lines: body white, the antennze with greyish
pectinations, the thorax and base of abdomen suffused with green. Under surface of wings
opaline greenish white, fringes as above; black discocecllular spots as above: secondaries with
a narrow brown apical streak: body pure white. Expanse of wings 28 millim.

Dharmsala.

2

RACHEOSPILA, Guén.

Racheospila strix. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 8.)

Allied to R. albociliaria of the New World: pea-green, the wings crossed by a strongly
denticulated pale red-brown discal line, the denticles of which are tipped with dark brown ;
fringes pale yellow, spotted with dull rose-reddish and tipped with pink: primaries with silvery-
white costa; a trisinuated arched pale red-brown line across the basal fourth; two brown

18

106 GEOMETRIDZ.

dots, the lower one with blackish centre at end of cell: secondaries with a conspicuous sub-
quadrate dark purplish slate-coloured patch on the abdominal margin just above the middle :
vertex of head, shank of antenne, and probably the abdomen white. Under surface pearly
white, without markings. Expanse of wings 31 millim.

Dharmsala.

The body of this species has already partly faded to the usual uniform buff tint.

CHLORORITHRA, gen. nov.

Nearest to Thalassodes: of the same form and with similar antenne; the palpi,
however, are broadly fringed and the terminal joint is shorter; the hind legs are slightly
longer: in the primaries the upper radial does not form a branch of the subcostal vein, but
is emitted from the anterior angle of the cell, and the second and third median branches are
emitted together from the posterior angle of the cell, instead of from a footstalk: in the
secondaries the discoidal cell is lengthened and prolonged in front, emitting the subcostal
branches and radial vein separately, and the second and third median branches from
one point at its posterior angle; the discocellular veinlet consequently is strongly
inangulated.

The only figured species of Guenée’s genus (and therefore the type) is T. pilaria of
Tahiti, specimens of which were acquired in a collection purchased from Mr. Gervase
Mathew. 7. pilaria, which is very imperfectly figured by M. Guenée, turns out to be
identical with 7. opalina of Darjiling.

Chlororithra fea. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 9.)

Somewhat similar to Asthena ondinata in coloration, very pale olive-green with white-
bordered testaceous markings ; the wings crossed by four white stripes forming two chain-
like bands; the two central stripes bounding the lines of the cextral belt which have the
irregular character of those in Tanaorhinus dimissus ; these lines commencing in the primaries
in quadrate spots on the costa; a third similar spot between them; a triangular spot in the
posterior angle of the cell, and three white spots also within the central belt ; costa white,
crossed near the base by four little greenish striz; the outermost stripe on all the wings
bounded here and there on both sides by brownish-testaceous spots ; fringes white: antenn
with grey pectinations. Under surface white: primaries with greyish indications of the
markings of the upper surface : secondaries with a blackish subapical spot. Expanse of wings
36 millim.

Dharmsala.

Mr. Hocking reared C. fea from larve found on oak (Quercus alba) ; he says that it is
so much like the flower of this tree as to be with difficulty distinguished from it.

The neuration of Chlororithra is very similar to that of Pseudoterpna; but the antenne
and palpi are quite dissimilar.

ANISODES.—EOIS. 107

CYCLOPHORIDA. JDoore.
ANISODES, Guén.

Anisodes annulifera. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 10.)

Closely resembling A. metaspilata of Venezuela, but with much shorter palpi ; much
less red, of a dull rosy clay-colour ; the front of thorax and costa of primaries lilacine; edge
of costa golden orange; discocellular spot larger; the discal greyish transverse streak
replaced by an irregular zigzag grey line, the spots beyond it larger and less black ; marginal
spots larger: secondaries with the discocellular spot smaller; otherwise differing as in the
primaries. Under surface of both species almost identical. Expanse of wings 37 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in October.

This species should stand between A. metaspilata and A. carnearia of Ceylon.

IDAID A.

EOIS, Hiibn.
Eois lacteipennis. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 11.)

Primaries sericeous cream-whitish, faintly irrorated with rose-colour; a rosy or lilac
band, bounded internally by a carmine or purple-edged, irregularly sigmoidal, whitish stripe,
from external angle to lower radial vein: secondaries cream-whitish, densely irrorated,
excepting on outer margin and fringe, with blood-red, shading into lilac towards outer margin ;
a macular bisinuated central crimson-bordered whitish band: body and under surface cream-
whitish; wings with an internally sinuated lilacme-grey submarginal band. Expanse of
wings 16 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in July.

Allied to E. ostrina of Europe.

Kois protensa. (Plate CXX XVI. fig. 12.)

3. Intermediate between LE. ostrina of Europe and E. jakima of Japan; but smaller
than either; it differs from EH. jakima in its more produced primaries, paler colouring,
narrower costal border to the primaries, in the middle line of these wings being more central,
passing through the discocellular litura, which is much more strongly marked, the sub-
marginal line angled towards the costa, less irregular in other respects, much darker; the

P2

108 IDAID.

marginal line continuous and purplish black and the external area not rosy but crossed by
dark veins and enclosing two marginal brown spots, one central, the other at external angle :
in the secondaries the lines are formed as in L. ostrina, but the external area is not rosy, and
the marginal line is purplish black. Expanse of wings 19 millim.

Dharmsala.

There is a small faded female, with greyish external area to the primaries, which may
be referable to this species.

PSEUDASTHENA, Moore.
Pseudasthena cinerea. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 13.)

General aspect of a small Cyclophora: wings grey, the outer half of secondaries white,
with a grey Innulated submarginal stripe ; all the wings with black-edged yellow discocellular
spots, and two irregular more or less macular black-dotted yellow stripes; the outer stripe
bounded above the middle by a blackish spot ; a marginal series of conical black spots ;
fringe yellow at base, followed by a grey stripe ; outer half of fringe white spotted with grey :
primaries with an additional black-dotted yellow stripe across the basal third: thorax grey,
face brown, antennez and vertex white; abdomen silver-grey, with yellowish-white claspers.
Primaries below shining grey, discal bands and discoidal spot darker, but ill-defined :
secondaries silvery white, striated with grey; discocellular spot and a discal angular stripe
dark grey ; marginal spots almost obliterated: palpi ochreous; pectus white, venter sordid
white. Expanse of wings 16-18 millim.

Dharmsala.

IDEA, Treit.
Idwa cerussina, (Plate CXX XVI. fig. 14.)

Superficially somewhat resembling J. filicata, but allied to I. contiguaria: dull white, the
markings very similar to those of J. contiguaria, but of a slightly more golden-brown colour,
the lines of the central area and a small patch at the end of each cell enclosing the discocellular
black spot ochraceous ; the discocellular spots larger and blacker; the basal half of costal
border of primaries and a costal spot just beyond the cell sooty black: face black, vertex of
head white; collar and shoulders more or less brown ; abdomen brownish, with white margins
to the segments. Primaries below silvery greyish, the base of costa darker grey ; marginal
blackish dashes visible in certain lights; fringe white: secondaries, legs, and venter sericeous
sordid white ; pectus greyish. Expanse of wings 16-21 millim.

Dharmsala; on walls.

5

IDA#A.—CRASPEDIA. 109

Idea lacernigera. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 15.)

Primaries silvery white, faintly tinted with tawny; basal sixth dark grey, irrorated and
bordered with black ; three nearly equidistant grey costal spots, black upon the costal margin,
the third almost black throughout, the second forming the commencement of a slightly
irregular central brownish band, and the third of a similar discal band which is only separated
from a broad brownish external border by an interrupted series of white spots; fringe with
ochreous basal half, a central black line and white tips ; black discocellular spots : secondaries
silvery white, the external third grey ; fringe paler than in the primaries; black discocellular
spots: thorax dark grey, irrorated with black; face and a patch at the base of each antenna
white; palpi and antenne whitish, black-speckled. Under surface silvery white: primaries
with indications of the upper surface markings ; three white spots of the submarginal series
towards apex bounded on both sides by black dots: secondaries with similar spots; two
abbreviated series of blackish spots from abdominal margin beyond the middle: body below
smoky grey with plumbaginous anal claspers. Expanse of wings 16 millim.

Dharmsala.

Idea insuavis. (Plate CXX XVI. fig. 16.)

?. Sericeous whity brown, irrorated with greyish. The primaries crossed by three
pale stripes only visible in certain lights, the first from cell to inner margin across basal
third; the second from costal vein to inner margin beyond the middle, angulated on the
second median interspace ; the third submarginal, unequally trisinuated, the shortest sinua-
tion at the posterior extremity ; a slender imperfect dark grey marginal line; fringe pale at
the base and between the veins: secondaries without the innermost stripe, but otherwise
similar to the primaries: head, excepting the vertex, red-brown ; collar crossed by a brown
stripe. Under surface silvery greyish white; costal borders of wings and legs slightly tinted
with golden buff: primaries showing indications of the stripes of the upper surface. Expanse
of wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala.

One specimen of this very distinct but obscurely marked species stood in Mr. Hocking’s
collection with the series of J. holosericeata.

CRASPEDIA, Hiibn.
Craspedia insolata. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 17.)

Closely allied to C. paludata of Europe: much smaller; wings more glossy white ; the
external area wider, with more angular inner edge, and enclosing a black patch near external

angle ; a second smaller black subapical spot: secondaries with a wavy dark brown line

110 IDAIDA.

across the basal fourth ; external area much narrower than in C. paludata, the submarginal
pale brownish stripe almost wholly obliterated; fringe uniformly white; markings on the
under surface barely indicated. Expanse of wings 21-22 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in August and September.

It is just possible that Felder’s figure of his “ Acidalia pedilata”’ may be intended to
represent this species; but as there is no description, and both drawing and colouring are
perfectly unlike C. insolata when examined in detail, it is impossible to assume that such is
the case: in some respects it is more like C. ligataria.

RHODOSTROPHIA, Hiibn.

The genus Phyletis, Guen., proves to be synonymous with Rhodostrophia ; when denuded
wings of R. vibicaria are compared with those of species of Phyletis, the neuration is seen to
be essentially the same ; the antennal and other characters are also identical.

Rhodostrophia stigmatica. (Plate CXXXVI. figs. 19, 20.)

Nearly allied to R. vibicaria ; of the same colours: the innermost rose-red line forming
a single angle on the primaries and continued across the secondaries; the discocellular red
litura replaced by conspicuous black spots; the second line slightly sinuous instead of
straight, narrower than in R. vidicaria ; the submarginal lme much more wavy ; the marginal
line thicker and darker, the costa of primaries more widely red; the fringes rose-red to the
base, with dark central and terminal stripes. Under surface yellower, less irrorated with
red; the two discal lines formed as above, but much darker; the base of the fringes
ochreous ; discocellular spots as above. Expanse of wings 30 millim.

Dharmsala.

The females of R. stigmatica have a faded appearance, all the rose-red markings being
replaced by brown ; the species appears to be common, but about half of Mr. Hocking’s
examples were worn and faded, owing perhaps to the species having been long on the wing
when he came across it.

Rhodostrophia tristrigalis. (Plate CXX XVII. fig. 1.)

d. Pale testaceous; primaries and thorax above slightly duller in colouring; wings
crossed before the end of the discoidal cells by an oblique rose-red line, and beyond the cells
by a band of the same colour, sharply defined internally, but diffused externally, a rose-red
line halfway between the latter and the outer margin; fringe rose-red, with the base and
outer edge pale testaceous ; discocellular dots black and rose-red ; face red-brown. Under
surface suffused with reddish, especially on the veins; blackish discocellular dots, and two
deep red parallel discal stripes, outer margin blackish ; fringes shining, greyer than above :
palpi rosy ; legs streaked with pink. Expanse of wings 27 millim.

RHODOSTROPHIA.—HYDATA. ay

@. Larger: the stripes on the wings almost wholly greyish brown instead of rose-red ;
the discocellular spots indistinct. The under surface paler and much less suffused with red ;
the stripes below are nevertheless almost as red asin the male. Expanse of wings 30 millim.

Dharmsala.

Rhodostrophia rara. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 2.)

6. Primaries ochreous ; an abbreviated dusky stripe at basal third from inner margin :;
a black discocellular dot ; a dull rosy discal band with dark inner edge ; a submarginal series
of dusky <-shaped markings; a dark red-brown marginal line; fringe shining cupreous
brown, with a dark leaden-grey central stripe : secondaries creamy ochreous, whitish towards
base; a black discocellular dot; a double rosy-brown band represented by two parallel
stripes beyond the cell; a submarginal series of rosy-brown dashes, and a marginal series of
darker brown dashes ; fringe paler than in primaries : body creamy ochraceous, with slightly
darker bands ; face red-brown; antenne pale golden with testaceous pectinations. Wings
below shining golden ochraceous, with purplish discocellular liture ; a darker bordered rosy
band beyond the middle, a submarginal series of rose-red <-shaped markings, and a marginal
series of dashes of the same colour; fringes shining rosy lilacine, traversed by a dark grey
stripe and with yellow basal line; front of pectus deep ochreous. LExpanse of wings 29
millim.

Dharmsala.

Of this very distinct species Mr. Hocking only obtained one male, which he included in
his series of R. stigmatica.

CABERID.

HYDATA, Walk.*
Hydata amplipennis. (Plate CXXXVI. fig. 18.)

g. Very similar in form to that sex of H. subfenestraria, the primaries having the inner
border expanded so as to cover a great part of the costal half of the secondaries, as in the
Eupleine among the Rhopalocera; the antenne, however, are less distinctly pectinated than
in the New-World species ; very pale buff, the wings, excepting towards the middle, irrorated
with purplish brown, a slender dark brown marginal line, interrupted at the extremities of
the nervures ; black discocellular dashes. Primaries crossed just beyond the basal third by

an indistinct straight brown line; an irregularly undulated dark brown line near the outer

* This genus may be placed next to Stegania.

112 MACARIIDA.—FIDONIID-A.

margin: secondaries with two parallel sinuous abbreviated brown lines from abdominal
margin to centre of wing; fringe pale yellow: vertex of head and antennx white, remainder
of head and collar brownish. Under surface paler, the lines on the primaries abbreviated,
not reaching the inner margin ; those on the secondaries continued to the costa. Expanse
of wings 19 millim.

Dharmsala.

Only a single male of this remarkable little insect was obtained.

MACARIIDA.

EILICRINIA, Hiibn.
Eilicrinia signigera. (Plate CX XX VII. fig. 3.)

Nearly allied to H. cordiaria, var. animaria: the colouring above more ochraceous ; the
lines across the wings not undulated, greyer and wider, the “ reniform ” spot on the primaries
narrower, browner, and transverse ; the apical crescent narrower and browner. On the under
surface the wings are much more ochreous; the cell of primaries densely irrorated with
blackish ; the discocellular spots linear ; the undulated discal line continued across both
wings and greyish; the apical crescent on the primaries confined to the fringe. Expanse of
wings 35 millim.

Kuli.

Evidently a rare species.

FIDONIID.

ASPILATES, Trcit.
Aspilates hastigera. (Plate CXXXVII. figs. 4, 5.)

Primaries above sericeous, stramineous, sparsely irrorated with black; base of costal
margin black ; three unequal black dashes on the veins at basal third; a triangular black
spot in the posterior angle of the cell ; an unequally angulated oblique brown band, enclosing
eight hastate black spots across the disc; outer border brown, bounded internally by nine
more or less hastate black spots; paler externally, and enclosing eight marginal black dots ;
fringe clear silky stramineous: secondaries creamy white, irrorated with grey, more especially
towards the outer margin; a black dot at the end of the cell and seven at outer margin ;
fringe yellowish : body stramineous, the abdomen paler than the thorax. Primaries sordid
cream-coloured, greyish towards the base, and irrorated with black on outer half; costa and

fringe stramineous ; a discal grey band, and a darker submarginal band, both bi-angulated in

ICTERODES.—MICRABRAXAS, 113

the middle, and brownish towards costa, in certain lights showing the black spots of the
upper surface; a marginal series of black dots: secondaries cream-coloured, rather densely
irrorated with brown and with a submarginal series of squamose brown lunules ; discocellular
and marginal black dots ; fringe slightly yellowish, traversed by a grey line: pectus and legs
dull stramineous ; venter cream-coloured. Expanse of wings 41 millim.

“ Laka, above Dharmsala, 11,000 feet; came to light in the tent, June.”

Only one example of this very distinct species was obtained ; we have a second specimen
from Afghanistan in which the primaries are of a golden-ochreous colour, with less defined
bands and smaller black spots, and the secondaries of a purer white, with pale yellow fringe.
The species comes nearest to A. obliquaria, which varies in a similar manner.

ZERENID &.

ICTERODES, Buti.
Icterodes conspersa. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 6.)

Allied to J. sordida ; differmg im its more uniformly silver-grey primaries, the blackish
spots on which are more or less confluent ; the “ reniform” patch forming part of the central
belt ; it also differs from I. sordida, transectata, and fraterna in having the pale bands dotted
over with more or less numerous black spots; the basal two fifths of the secondaries grey and
the central series of blackish spots less curved. Expanse of wings 52 millim.

Dharmsala.

Two damaged specimens and fragments of a third were all that Mr. Hocking’s collection
contained of this interesting species.

MICRABRAXAS, gen. nov. -

Nearest to Abraxas tenebrosaria; but the antenne formed as in the genus Nelcynda;

instead of being pectinated or ciliated, they are flattened and tapering.

Micrabraxas punctigera. (Plate CXX XVII. fig. 7.)

General aspect and size of Larentia kollariaria, but in pattern more like Adraxas tene-
brosaria: primaries grey, clouded with brownish, shot with pale brassy yellow, densely
irrorated with black and grey and traversed by five series of black spots, the last two series
formed of white-edged conical spots; the fourth series interrupted, the fifth continuous and
marginal ; three black spots at the end of the cell; fringe grey, with basal and central zigzag
yellow lines: secondaries slightly sericeous, creamy white mottled with brownish grey; a

Q

114 LARENTIDA.
4

marginal series of more or less lunate black spots; fringe stramineous, with a central grey
line : body sericeous greyish brown, the thorax slightly yellowish. Under surface sericeous,
cream-coloured, mottled with smoky grey and with a discal series of larger smoky-grey black-
centred spots on the veins ; blackish discocellular spots ; fringes rather yellower than above ;
costa of primaries yellowish; basimedian area suffused with sericeous brownish grey : body
below whitish. Expanse of wings 39 millim.

3. Dharmsala.

Looked at casually this species might be mistaken for a Pseudocoremia; structurally,
however, it is closely allied to Abraxas, with which the pattern of its wings agrees far more
closely.

LARENTIIDA.
LARENTIA, Dup.
Larentia granitalis. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 8.)

Nearly allied to L. aptata of Europe: smaller, the central band of primaries browner, its
inner edge regularly crenulated, its outer edge with only one, instead of two well-defined
angles ; the basal area suffused with brownish ; a double dusky subapical costal spot; the two
more central submarginal black spots hastate instead of oval; the outer border not grey: the
secondaries crossed at basal third by an angular grey line and the body much more dusky in
colouring. Expanse of wings 24 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar in June.

Only one example was obtained.

EUPITHECIA, Curt.
e Eupithecia fulvipennis. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 9.)

Closely allied to KE. subfulvata of Europe ; but the primaries less produced, less distinctly
marked, less grey, and consequently more completely fulvous; the lines across the wings less
oblique and the submarginal zigzag white line replaced by a series of small white spots.
Expanse of wings 20-23 millim.

Dharmsala.

Three females only were in the collection.

Eupithecia atrisignis. (Plate CXKX XVII. fig. 10.)

Nearest to E. lariciata of Europe: silvery whitish, the primaries with faint lilacine gloss ;
markings, with the exception of a large oval black -discocellular spot, greyish brown ; a line

EUPITHECIA. 115

across the basal fifth angulated within the cell and arched below it; oval costal and sub-
costal spots, continued by a straight transverse stripe to inner margin immediately beyond
the subbasal line; two faintly indicated central lines enclosing the discocellular spot; a
discal stripe formed almost exactly as in EH. lariciata and followed by a feebly indicated
slender line across the disc and an interrupted submarginal stripe ; a very slender interrupted
marginal blackish line; frmge traversed by a brown stripe: secondaries with the costal third
sericeous white; seven brownish, more or less angulated stripes, abbreviated on basal half,
the basal one and the sixth linear, the seventh with zigzag outer edge; margin and fringe as
in the primaries ; adark brown discocellular spot: body greyish brown. Under surface silvery
greyish white: markings ill-defined. Expanse of wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala.

Eupithecia lucigera. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 11.)

Apparently nearest to E. irriguata of Europe: primaries lilacine grey; a broad sordid
white longitudinal smuous band commencing below the costa at base of inner margin and
passing through the cell to the centre of the disc and then upwards to the costal margin, so
as to enclose a semicircular costal patch, at the bottom of which is a large black discocellular
‘spot; five or six ill-defined parallel dusky lines across the wing, slightly interrupting the
white band; a slender black marginal line interrupted at the extremities of the veins and
followed by a slender whitish line at the base of the fringe; a white spot near external angle :
secondaries silver-grey, traversed by about six slightly darker stripes: meso- and metathorax
whitish ; remainder of body above blackish. Under surface silver greyish; markings very
ill-defined. Expanse of wings 21 millim.

Dharmsala.

Eupithecia hockingii. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 12.)

Aspect of E. centawreata: primaries sericeous, sordid white, irrorated with greyish
brown; basal sixth greyish brown edged with black ; an undulated ill-defined greyish-brown
line across the basal third ; central band narrow; the costal extremity broader, unequally
quadrate, dark brown; posterior extremity pale brown; lines of the band double, the outer
Imes brown and ill-defined, the inner ones black, the lines forming the inner edge of the
band angulated, those of the outer edge angulated towards costa, undulated from third median
branch to inner margin; a narrower ill-defined irregular band, commencing in a biackish
quadrate costal spot, halfway between the central band and the outer margin; outer border
greyish brown, the interval between it and the discal band occupied towards apex and external
angle by one or two black-bordered white spots; fringe spotted with grey and traversed by a
blackish line : secondaries shining white, the female with a blackish dot at the anterior angle
of the discoidal cell and an imperfect series of grey lunules; external border very pale greyish,

Q2

116 LARENTIIDA.

enclosing four or five white spots: thorax greyish, blackish at the sides and with a black
band behind; abdomen white. Under surface silver-grey; markings indistinct. Expanse
of wings 20-21 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in October.

A series of examples was obtained, but all more or less worn.

LOBOPHORA, Curt.

Lobophora rufinotata. (Plate CKX XVII. fig 13.)

Q. Primaries white, irrorated with pale greenish grey and crossed by numerous zigzag
parallel lines of the same colour; an angular subbasal black line emitting spurs on the veins,
central band represented by two or three ill-defined forked interrupted undulated black lines ;
two irregularly undulated black parallel submarginal lines; external area traversed by two
reversed undulated greenish-grey lines, enclosing four central brick-red rounded spots; a
black marginal line; fringe sprinkled with black scales: secondaries sericeous white, with
two parallel greyish lines near the outer margin; a blackish marginal line; fringe with
greyish outer edge: body sordid pale buff varied with grey. Under surface pearly white ;
markings of primaries indicated by greyish bands, secondaries with only one grey line; legs
banded with grey. Expanse of wings 41 millim.

Kulu, 9000 feet ; on wall of house ; October.

THERA, Steph.

Thera consimilis. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 14.)
Thera consimilis, Warren, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 326, n. 146.

Nearly allied to 7. juniperata of Europe ; of the same colours ; considerably larger; the
subbasal black line more acutely angulated in the male, in the female unequal, zigzag, and
shaded internally so as to form an ill-defined subbasal band; the postmedian band edged
internally from costa to median vein by a straight oblique black line, the corresponding outer
edge of the band is also oblique and much more regular; the lower portion of the band is
narrower in the male and partly divided into contiguous spots, but in the female it is wider,
the lowest division is blackened and its inner edge is very oblique ; the whole of the markings
on the external area are more strongly defined and the grey line on the secondaries is undu-
lated: the under surface of the secondaries is white. Expanse of wings, ¢ 32 millim.,
@ 38 millim.

3g, Dharmsala (Hocking) ; 9, Afghanistan in September (Capt. A. Fortescue); 3 9,
Thundiani and Nandar (Major Yerbury),

?
*

MELANIPPE. Uy

MELANIPPE, Dup.

This genus is characterized as having the antenne of both sexes simple ; nevertheless not
a few forms having pectinated or ciliated antenne in the male have been erroneously added
to the genus.

Melanippe minuta. (Plate CXXXVII. figs. 15, 16.)

Nearest to M. rivata of Europe: very similar in pattern, nearly one third smaller,
sericeous, more or less suffused with grey; the basal fourth of the costa of primaries occupied
by an irregular white-edged dark brown patch; the subbasal transverse undulated lines of
M. rivata either wanting or only partially indicated by two or three black spots towards costa
and a tapering streak from inner margin ; the central belt usually well-defined, but in some
females with diffused inner edge; the lines on the disc usually better defined and denticu-
lated ; the subapical costal dark brown spot continued to apex, but divided in the centre by
the submarginal white line; two well-defined dark brown spots on the outer margin, bounded
internally by the submarginal line; the broken black marginal line better marked ; the
fringe broader, its inner half blackish, its outer half grey, with basal and postmedian white
lines; and with apical and central white spots: secondaries grey, crossed beyond the middle
by white-edged darker bands; marginal line and fringe similar to those of the primaries, but
without the white spots: palpi black, tipped with white; head white ; collar brown, with two
small central white spots ; thorax white, crossed in front by a dark brown stripe; abdomen
grey, with more or less defined darker transverse bands. Under surface grey; wings seri-
ceous, with black discocellular spots as above; an angular, partly blackish-edged white discal
line, an undulated submarginal series of white spots; a slender broken marginal blackish
ne, followed by a whitish line at the base of the fringe; legs bone-whitish. Expanse of
wings 19-20 millim.

Dharmsala.

Melanippe despicienda. (Plate CKXXVII. fig. 17.)

Fuligmous brown, primaries darker than secondaries; the central band formed as in
M., intermediata, grey with black margins and bounded by a grey-edged white line; a simi-
larly edged grey basal patch followed by two dark grey or blackish irregular lines ; an oblique
discocellular black dash within the central band followed by a short bisinuated grey-brown
line from the costa to the second median branch ; two undulated parallel dusky lines beyond
the central band anda similarly formed white submarginal line; a slender black marginal
line interrupted at the end of each vein; fringe whitish tipped with grey and traversed by a
grey stripe: secondaries whitish towards base and costa, dusky towards outer margin,

118 LARENTIIDZ.

traversed by seven or eight darker lines, the central one and sometimes one or two of the
others blackish. Under surface whitish, shinimg ; the wings with black discocellular dashes
followed by an angulated black-dotted dusky stripe, two discal stripes and the outer margin
grey ; fringe and marginal line as above: primaries with costal and subcostal blackish dashes
towards the base. Expanse of wings 24-28 millim.

Dharmsala.

COREMIA, Guén.

Coremia divergens. (Plate CXX XVII. fig. 18.)

Nearest to C. propugnata of Europe: smaller; the primaries grey, varied with whitish-
cinereous transverse undulated lines ; the central belt much broader than in C. propugnata,
less irregular, bordered inside by a black stripe excepting on the lower half of its outer edge,
where it is only represented by a dark grey and whitish line ; the two black lines on the belt
of the European species are absent in C. divergens ; the basal area is bounded externally by
a blackish band in place of the two lines on C. propugnata; there is a dark patch on the
external area just above the middle, but the lines across this area are not blackish at the
costa: the secondaries only show one angular grey line halfway between the cell and the
outer margin; on the under surface, however, there are three parallel lines. The under
surface is sericeous whitish, the primaries somewhat greyish; the markings indistinct.
Expanse of wings 22 millim.

Dharmsala ; at sugar in August.

SCOTOSIA, Steph.

Scotosia indistincta. (Plate CXKXXVII. fig. 19.)

9. Primaries above sericeous, dull silvery grey; markings, excepting the black subbasal
line, the black spots and dashes on the veins, and the triangular marginal spots, indistinct
from the median vein downwards; the pattern somewhat resembles that of S. sabaudiata of
Europe, but the lines of the central belt are placed nearer to the base and there are two dark
subapical spots, one on the costa, the other near the outer margin, on the radial interspaces :
secondaries paler silver-grey, almost white on the costa; an abbreviated darker wavy line
from the centre of the abdominal margin to the cell; two continuous parallel lines beyond
the middle; anal angle occupied by a whitish patch crossed by two dark grey bisinuated
lines ; the remainder of the external border broadly grey, slightly darker than the ground-
colour; a marginal series of black lunules; fringe creamy whitish, tipped with grey and
regularly spotted with blackish ; vertex of head and metathorax white; abdomen brown,

barred with white. Under surface shining silver-grey, crossed beyond the middle by three

‘
f
,
a

CIDARIA. 119

or four ill-defined darker irregular lines, scarcely perceptible on the primaries; black disco-
cellular dashes and marginal lunules: pectus white ; legs banded with grey; venter dark
grey, banded with white. Expanse of wings 36 millim.

Dharmsala.

This species is represented by one perfect and one imperfect specimen; it is not very
nearly allied to any species in the Museum series, indeed its general aspect is rather that of
a Gnophos than a Scotosia.

CIDARIA, Treit.
Cidaria nivicincta. (Plate CXXXVII. fig. 20.)

Allied to C. substituta, altogether darker, more purplish; the inner white edging of the
central belt forming a long spur upon the first median branch instead of an obtuse angle on
the median vein; the two middle black lines of the central belt wider apart ; the outer white
edge of the central belt with its lowest indentation below the first median branch instead of
upon it; the line following it and the veins cupreous red instead of ochreous ; the inner edge
of the black-brown patch on outer margin almost regularly convex instead of zigzag: the
secondaries suffused, excepting on the costa, with purplish grey: body with all the darker
portions deep bronze-brown instead of paler brown or testaceous. Under surface similar to
C. substituta, but slightly greyer. Expanse of wings 36 millim.

Dharmsala.

Cidaria multistriata. (Plate CXKXXVILI. fig. 21.)

Alhed to C. complicata: the triangular patch of the ground-colour following the three
subbasal white lines extended forwards and backwards so as to form a band; the fifth and
sixth lines diverging from the cell to the costa; the blackish reniform spot bordered with
white followed by a broad angular dark brown central band, the upper half of which only is
present in the Japanese species ; the seventh white line bounding this band more slender, less
angular, followed by an additional pale line; the eighth and ninth lines closely approximated,
only separated by a tremulous black line; the tenth line acutely dentate-sinuate, widely
separated from the ninth but coalescing with the eleventh, so as to leave an apical patch of
yellowish olivaceous, and a large dark brown irregularly triangular patch near outer margin ;
a marginal series of more or less confluent white-edged black spots ; fringe white, traversed
by a central grey stripe: secondaries with the abbreviated white lines nearer to the outer
margin and partly zigzag ; margin and fringe as in the primaries. Expanse of wings 24 millim.

Dharmsala; at sugar from July to October.

This species and C. complicata have rather long palpi for the genus, but hardly seem
sufficiently distinct to require the erection of a separate genus for their reception.

120 ARCTIIDA,

DESCRIPTIONS OF LARVAE.

The following larvee have been selected for illustration, from the large series preserved by
Mr. Hocking, chiefly on account of their not having been previously figured.

ARCTIID &.

Alpenus multiguttatus. (Plate CXKX XVIII. fig. 9.)

Larva green: head dull orange, mouth-parts bordered with black ; each segment with a
greyish dorsal patch heavily mottled with black, divided by a central longitudinal green line
and widely interrupted by a transverse oblong shield covered with reddish-orange woolly tufts
emitting stiff divergent black hairs; the third and fourth segments with a subdorsal longi-
tudinal black dash, forming part of the subdorsal stripe, which is otherwise pale yellow, and
encloses a series of small reddish warts emitting three or four black hairs ; spiracles small,
transverse oval, pale yellow edged with black; one or two small orange warts emitting black
and white hairs either in front or behind each spiracle; subspiracular stripe pale yellow; a
ventral series of pale orange warts, bearing numerous silky white hairs, just above the legs ;
legs tipped with shining reddish brown. Length of preserved larva 42 millim.

“ Dharmsala, 7000 feet. Food-plant unknown.”

Andala unifascia. (Plate CXXXVIII. fig. 11.)

Larva deep purplish brown, paler between the segments: head shining black, the face
and mouth-parts mahogany-reddish ; a cream-coloured longitudinal dorsal line running from
between the eyes to near the middle of the third segment, the back part of it almost divided
into three spots; from this point to the front of the eleventh segment it is represented by two
unequal cream-coloured spots, the larger one at the back and the smaller at the front of each
segment; a similar series of spots along each side ; spiracles very small, blackish edged with
yellowish ; every segment encircled by a zigzag series of nine to twelve small black tubercles
bearing tufts of stiff radiating dirty-white hairs; prolegs and claspers mahogany-brown.
Length of preserved larva 35-39 millim.

Kangra district; 12th May, 1879.

No note as to the food-plant accompanies the lary, and therefore it would appear to
have been unknown to Mr. Hocking.

SPILARCTIA.—RAJENDRA. 12]

Spilarctia lacteata. (Plate CXXXVIII. fig. 2.)

Larva dull black, mottled with velvet-black ; purplish between the segments : head orange-
chestnut ; spiracles transverse, elliptical, cream-white ; the second, third, and fourth segments
with two, and the remaining segments with four, dorsal warts arranged in the form of a tra-
pezium and bearing long black and short radiating white hairs, the anterior tubercles of the
third and fourth segments also with a very long central white hair; the posterior tubercles
of the eleventh, and all the tubercles of the twelfth and thirteenth, segments with bright ferru-
ginous hairs; two lateral series of tubercles bearing radiating white hairs ;_ prolegs and claspers
mahogany-red. Length of preserved larva 35-45 millim.

Dharmsala; 20th April, 1878.

No note as to the food-plant. The perfect insect was not in the collection; it was
probably sent off for identification when reared.

Thyrgorina dorsalis. (Plate CXX XVIII. fig. 4.)

Larva with the dorsal region vinous brown varied with paler striz; a central longitudinal
interrupted cream-whitish stripe, the third and fourth segments with four, and the remaining
segments with two, shining purple dorsal tubercles bearing black hairs: head bright mahogany-
red, blackish in front ; sides cream-coloured, obliquely striated on each segment with purplish-
brown speckles; the second segment with a black subdorsal and a yellow tubercle; the third
and fourth with two, and the remaining segments with four, yellow tubercles bearing white
hairs; spiracles extremely small, white; ventral surface cream-coloured, the anterior segments
with a central blackish dot; legs and claspers amber-yellow. Length of preserved larva
27 millim.

Dharmsala; ‘ July 1884; on cherry at 6200 feet, gregarious.”

Seirarctia quadriramosa, (Plate CXXXVIII. fig. 1.)

Larva smoky brown with a velvety-greyish sheen: head and legs shining piceous;
spiracles small and black ; the segments encircled by eight black tubercles bearing numerous
shining mahogany-red spine-like radiating bristles. Length of preserved larva 57 millim.

Dharmsala; 4th March, 1878.

Rajendra pannosa. (Plate CXXXVIIL. fig. 8.)

Larva dark brown: head shining blackish; lower half of eyes reddish; a well-defined
longitudinal dorsal stripe and a double lateral stripe cream-coloured ; a slender subdorsal
pale brown line ; each segment with three shining tubercles, bearing short radiating black

R

122 ARCTIIDA.—LIPARID.

bristles, upon the dark brown subdorsal area, and three lateral reddish tubercles bearing
white hairs and forming a zigzag series with the subdorsal tubercles ; ventral surface cream-
coloured ; legs pale shining chestnut-red. Length of preserved larva 29 millim.

Dharmsala; 13th November, 1878.

Hypercompa principalis. (Plate CXNXXVIII. fig. 3.)

Larva black: head shining, base of antennee and mouth-parts whitish; tubercles and
bristles upon them similar to those of the preceding species; a narrow orange and yellow
dorsal stripe, whitish between the segments; a mottled white lateral stripe, and below it an
irregular whitish band composed of partly confluent transverse striz; legs shining amber-
yellowish. Length of preserved larva 52 millim.

Dharmsala; March 6th: on plantain.

LIPARID A:

Cherotricha vitellina. (Plate CXKXXVIII. fig. 13.)

Larva dull black: head shining, piccous at the back ; an imperfect dorsal series of white
dots and a few scattered white lateral dots ; each segment encircled by eight woolly foxy-red
tubercles emitting whitish hairs; tubercles small and inconspicuous, as on the two preceding
species ; legs dull shining amber-yellowish. Length of preserved larva 37-47 millim,

Dharmsala, 4000-7000 feet ; on Lolus corniculatus.

Cherotricha plana. (Plate CXXXVIII. fig. 5.)

Larva dull black, covered with irregular yellowish-edged red strie: head bright shining
red ; each segment encircled by eight red tubercles, but those of the four dorsal series almost
concealed by testaceous wool, and emitting short woolly whitish hairs ; those of the lateral
series dotted with small oval pearl-white processes and emitting white hairs ; the dorsal series
on the second, third, and fourth segmeuts less woolly and dotted with white processes similar
to those of the lateral series; the two central series elongated on the fifth, sixth, and twelfth
segments; spiracles inconspicuous; legs shining red. Length of preserved larva 46-60
millim.

Kangra valley ; May, 4000 feet.

The moth is said to have been found about the base of the “ Papul tree” (Ficus religiosa)
in June,

ARTAXA.—PARORGYIA. 12

os

Artaxa scintillans. (Plate CXXXVIII. fig. 10.)

Larva, anterior segments greyish brown, middle and posterior segments blackish flecked
with yellow : head shining blackish or brown, with the mouth-parts yellow ; second segment
with the anterior half yellow, and with two large subdorsal scarlet tubercles bearing long grey
hairs and small carmine lateral tubercles bearing short white hairs; a trapezoidal transverse
yellow dorsal patch on the fourth segment, traversed by a series of small subconfluent carmine
tubercles which extends downwards to a lateral yellow stripe which extends to the last segment,
and is regularly interrupted by conspicuous scarlet tubercles bearing white hairs; the third

- segment with grey-brown tubercles, the fifth and sixth segments woolly, prominent, brown,
with long hairs, and encircled by a yellow line; the dorsal tubercles on the remaining segments
much less prominent, blacker, and separated by a broad double longitudinal yellow band; the
subdorsal tubercles on the fifth and following segments black edged with yellow, the first two
with one, and the succeeding series with two, white spots, which give them the appearance of
raised ocelli; below the lateral yellow stripe is a broad greyish band mottled with yellow and
interrupted behind the claspers by an oblong blackish spot on each segment; ventral surface
occupied by an irregular yellow band spotted down the middle with grey ; anal segment banded
in front with yellow, encircled by a series of small carmine tubercles bearing grey hairs; legs
shining amber-yellowish. Length of preserved larva 30 millim,

Dharmsala ; 6200 feet, in June: on wild barberry.

Charnidas exclamationis. (Plate CXKX XVIII. fig. 6.)

Larva blackish: head pale buff; two dorsal stripes of contiguous yellow and red spots
interrupted on each segment by a whity-brown spot or tubercle bearing long hairs, on the
fifth to eighth segments these tubercles are very large, prominent, and woolly, and bear long
hairs ; those on the thirteenth segment are not prominent, but bear long tapering pencils of
hair; the tenth and eleventh segments bear a small central dorsal carmine tubercle ; an
imperfect rose-pink stripe bearing tubercles of the same colour emitting pale brown hairs ; a
broad lateral rose-pmk band, on and below which are small tubercies bearing white hairs ;
ventral surface yellow, streaked in front and at the sides with black; legs shining vermilion-
red. Length of preserved larva 28 millim.

Diarmsala; March 1879: food-plant unknown.

Parorgyia dalbergia. (Plate CXXXVIII. fig. 12.)

Larva pale smoky brown: head shining chestnut-red, labrum yellow; each segment
encircled by brown tubercles bearing long hairs; the second segment with six arranged im

the form of a triangle on each side, the anterior of the three tubercles bearing a long curved

124 LIPARIDZ.

- <

pencil of hairs as in Orgyia; the third and fourth segments with eight tubercles, all small,

ae

and emitting radiating hairs; the remaining segments with ten tubercles, the dorsal pair of
which on the fifth to eighth segments emit dense brush-like tufts of hairs as in Orgyia; the
tenth and eleventh segments have a small hard central dorsal reddish tubercle without hairs :
the tubercles of the last segment bear long curved hairs directed backwards; between the
fourth and fifth segments are two irregular whitish mottled patches ; legs and claspers shining
chestnut-reddish, shading into blackish. Length of preserved larva 41-51 millim.

Kangra valley ; 3000 feet, May Ist: on Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo).

Dasychira kausalia. (Plate CXXXVIII. fig. 7.)

Larva yellowish buff, shghtly tinted with greenish between the segments : head slightly
shining, mouth-parts shining amber and black; second segment with six and remaining
segments with ten small tubercles, bearing long straight lemon-yellow hairs; the dorsal
tubercles of the fifth to eighth segments bearing dense confluent pencils of long hair; a broad
oblong-ovate black silky transverse patch between the fifth and sixth segments; the eleventh
segment slightly orange on the dorsal region ; the dorsal tubercles of the twelfth segment
bearing very long weak pencils of hair directed slightly backwards ; legs shining chestnut-red.
Length of preserved larva 60 millim.

Kangra district ; June 20th, 1878: on rose and willow at 6200 feet.

|
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—————

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.

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Diphtera fasciata
Spilarctia dalbergee
Spilarctia howgua

Thyrgorina dorsalis.

6. Miltochrista pretiosa
7,8. Setina dasara

J. Challa quadrimaculata
10. Simareea lurida

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Nintern Bros . Chromo.

|. Hupterote fraterna 6,7, Cheerotriche sulphurescens.
é,0.Lymantria nigra 8. Charmdas umbrina..
4..9.Euproctis abdominalis. J-ll. Parorgyia dalbergie.

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1. Taragama castanoptera. 6. Aphenda

2,0, 9aturma hockingu 7, Agnidra viola:

4. Parasa hockingn . 8. Drepana hlacina.
©. Camia sutfusa. 2. Drepana simillima..

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R.Mintern del.et lith.

Mintern Bros. Chromo

|, Fermdrepana hyalina. 4. Stauropus berberise. 9, 10.Pheosia fasciata.
é. Froblepsis vulgaris 0,6. Peridea basistiga. \l. Habrosyne fraterna.
38.Dicranura himalayana 7. Hyboma divisa. I2. Thyatira cognata

8. Trizena denticulata.

Me tahier leokleh tl Zeal 169,0,014l

5
F.W.Frohawk del. et hth Mintern Bros. Chromo
L. Hyboma umbrifera ©. Tympanistes rubidorsalis. 10,]l. Leucania percisa.
2. Polyploca orbicularis. ©. Aletia exanthemata. I@. Leucania irrorata.
3.Polyploca albidisca 7,8. Aletia rudis. 18. Leucania bifasciata

4 Polyploca renalis. 9. Aletia fraterna.

2.

hhracola violacea

Mintern Bros. Chrome

FW Frohawk del et lith

/. Trriphaenopsis
J. Triphzenopsis dimunuta
Mamestra terranea

4. Anchocelhs tenuis

l
Id. Cosma albipennis

3. Neuria auripicta. « inepta
4. Tripheena fuscicollis 8

1, 2. Xylophasia repetita 5.
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10

WU peneee Vente Al IE (OD ,O.Qvsuit:

F W.frohawk del.et hth

Mintern Bros. amp.

i} «¢ — Fir a =
| Semophora. orihosioides

eB 4. Canna splendens 8. Karana similis

Liantheecia nivescens 5 Epunda mamestrina 9. Hadena lubrica
UT : ie WA) Gea) pene cy ae
d. risuioides ccerulea 6. Eurabila hgnea IU,H. opeelolis amoigua

7. Xestia melonina.

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F W Frohawk del et lith A Mintern Bros. imp
18
1. Acontia. tegulata. 5,6. Acontia excisa 10. Hydrela opalescens.
2 Acontia picata 7, Banka obliqua. ll. Anthophila trilatalis.
3. Acontia plebeia 8. Hydrelia auripalpis. 12.Pradatta bimaculata

4 Acontiaplumbata. 9. Erastria unduligera. 13 Leptosia contingens.

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E,W. Frohawk del. et hth :
Mintern Bros, Chromo
1 Ja Ta ata nee ae tn tac go) ents aaa a aa eee fe) ara ol bvayeuey (mest aye en
deere halpochares ATeenLil rons 5) f eniclliaria maculata. J lrubasa cruentata
2) Tk slnochares hynenoide a Jeet ol Sy Ci minmciacinica aoanninicae
G laipocnares Nnypenoldes OO Inn alOdtlae Die cult ix NJ LI CCOGES, GOSarolracs
Umea es ars ie sex Sesto te c] eee ral leer Seen } = les Ft eae | AE
oO [halpo chares roseana. /. Masalia tosta ll. Pradatta decorata
gg 2 i | 1 ; fa Patera ete
8. Pradatta artaxoides io. Jzarba venata

4 Callopistria mimuta
arba mconaita

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peanilla: aorcalis 5. Trigonodes comgéera.
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2,3.Catocala inconstans. 6-8. Spirama confusa.

_Catocala distorta.. UW Mopiisama GoSacea.
A Cat la distort oD UG. aay

R.Minterre del. et ith

LEP. He. Pl, CxXXAM

z
Mintern Bros, Chromo
],Euclidia captata. 6,7. Gathynia simulans 13. Rrynchina uniformis.
2,Raparna undulata. 8. Orudiza columbaris 14. Rhynchina rrvuligera
3.Raparna usta J. Rhynchina plusiocides 15. Raynchina angustata
4 Daxs.s slaucescens. 10,1]. Rhynchina sagittata. lo.Hypena crassipalpis

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1. Hypena biplagiata 7. Epizeuxis saccharivora. 13. Euchta dharmsale

2. Hypena urticicola 8. Epizeuxis maculifera. 14.Euchta fortis

3. Belonepholis striata . 2. Hermimia palumbina. 5.Heliothela pusilla

4 Bleptina dubia. 10. Pyrals marmorca. lo.Porphyritis maculata
5. Pseudaglossa fulvipicta. ll. Pyralis furmpennis 7. Danaga picata

6. Pseudaglossa atrata. le. Pyralis princeps 8.Cindaphia tricolor

FW Frohawk del. et ith

|. Egnasia cimerea 8. Ohgostigma dives
2,0.Danaga biformis. 92. Haritala definita

4 Diplotyla longipalpis. 10. Heterocnephes venosa

5. Thysanodesma major. ll. Scopula bisignata.
6. Gadessa ossea Ie. Melittia kulluana
7, Ohgostigma locuples. 18. Urapteryx excellens

or

.Corymica vitrigera
Pseudomiza argillacea.

.Tetracis indica
Hypephyra terrosa.
Abaciscus tristis.
Alcis-sublimis.

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|. Amphidasys porphyrea. 7. Cormbsena quadrinotata. 13.Pseudasthena cinerea

2. Chogada latipenms. 8.Racheospila strix. 4. Ideea cerussina

3. Loxochila variegata 2. Chlororithra fea. 15. _Idaza lacernigera.,

4 Nemoria gracilis. 10. Anisodes annulifera. 16, ldaea insuavis.
5.Nemoria gelida. ll. Eois lacterpenmis. l7. Craspedia msolata.
©. Thalassodes unduligera 12,Eots protensa. 18. Hydata amphpennis.

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Eupithecia atrisigmis
Eupithecia lucigera
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|. Seirarctia quadriramosa. 5, Cherotricha plana 9.Alpenus multiguttatus

¢.opuarctia lacteata. 6. Charnidas exclamationis.10.Artaxa scintillans

3.Hypercompa principalis 7. Dasycmra kausalia ll. Andala unifascia.

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