mete a eT ASA eet rey Boars Aca NTedeavneae ne he a 4 =H - . nen thd “ * y recut ae Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/insectweedplan196567univ == of mn /, FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 23, 1965 S965 -6 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 1 This is the first in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey, and cooperating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These re- ports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. European corn borer survival over the winter has been at or above normal in all areas. Although the population is no greater than it was a year ago, with the exception of the southern tip counties, the incidence of parasitism and disease among the borers is very low. Therefore, borers are healthy; populations this spring and summer could increase rapidly and damage could be severe, However, strong winds or beating rains when overwintering moths are emerging could still eliminate the problem. The potentially threatened area lies south and west of a line from Kankakee to Rockford, north and west of a line from St. Louis to Springfield to Hoopeston, and south of a line from Murphysboro to Ridgway. Farmers in these areas should plow cornstalks cleanly, if possible. This will eliminate over 99 percent of the over- wintering borers. Thorough disking, or stalk choppers or shredders should be used on stalk fields not plowed. This will eliminate about 92 percent of the overwinter- ing borers. Farmers should avoid early planting particularly on highly fertile soils and use hybrids adapted to their area. Midseason plantings of corn will have less injury from both first- and second-generation corn borer. Corn soil insects - A broadcast application of 11/2 pounds of aldrin or heptachlor, disked in immediately except on dairy farms and fields with northern corn rootworm resistance problems, is more dependable than row treatment. This is particu- larly true in fields of first-year corn following a grass or legume sod, fields in third-year or more of corn, corn grown in bottomland or having a history of cutworm or other soil insect problems. However, for fields with average infestations of soil insects and without a history of cutworm problems, row treatments with aldrin or heptachlor have been highly satisfactory. No insecticide seed treatment is needed when aldrin or heptachlor is used. Dairy farmers or farmers having a known or suspected field of resistant northern corn rootworms should use diazinon, phorate parathion, or thiodemeton as gran- ules in the row at planting time. In addition, when a phosphate insecticide is banded, the seed corn itself should be treated with dieldrin or heptachlor to protect against seed-infesting insects. Alfalfa weevil larvae are feeding on the terminal leaves and this feeding is evident in many fields in the southern two tiers of counties. Alfalfa weevil lar- vae have a partly black head, feed in the terminals, and are smaller than the clover leaf weevil larvae which have tan heads and hide at the base of the plants during the day. Overwintering adult alfalfa weevils are laying eggs, so worm feeding will continue for another four to six weeks. At present fields are not seriously affected, but the situation will bear wetching. SALTS STALCEMME aot Lf OW MITE LIDG YEVAUa Tokar : yA 23 at no Lows dria yrovelk fesotes 1 { a ; TUS HoM atid uwserfo bloodea Lf vino steoibni adrog ,olyibaes Lssot snimreteb. thy adv toevo Lavivase sstod ov0s mssqoiud f .265%8 ifs of to moksqsoze sit si> ,saitavon gis mrsdiivos Used rod staf .wol yrev svee od Sives speneh sos yilSiqsy sesstont fi: ‘tonmoua Bas 5iOO Ine SYS siSom ma tdorg sacle soy SSASAISA MORL Mas .tosesqoo LSLIASS vaow Bus divon .brotaool od “i oartl ee To diwoe ef rim ‘ esffat rinseals saflstsaros Le SURI Porn ee cal ree eb oe [ stowdoor estt yirel ay-By int “sito tO etosant roLow te YWrores t Baad 5 OH enidsed to- ae Some clover leaf weevil larvae are also present, but they are nearly through feeding and beginning to pupate in this area. Collections show that between 20 and 40 percent of these are parasitized by a wasp. Clover leaf weevil populations else- where in Illinois remain low and it does not appear that insecticide treatment will be needed. Fungus flies are appearing in wheat fields, particularly wheat grown on soy- bean stubble. These small, black, gnat-like flies are developing in wet, decaying organic matter and are usually not pests of the wheat plant. Armyworm moths are moving northward from states to the south of us. These first moths will lay eggs in grass, fence rows, ditchbanks, roadsides, and pastures where plant growth is thick and rank. It is too soon to predict whether or not army- worms will present a problen, Face flies are present on cattle in small numbers. These are the over- wintering adults leaving their hibernating quarters to begin laying eggs for the first spring generation which will emerge in late May or early June. Cattle pastured near wooded areas generally are more heavily infested at this time than cattle pastured in prairie areas away from woods. In addition to overwintering in homes and farm build- ings, some face flies apparently hibernate in wooded areas as well. Spring cankerworms may appear soon in many areas in trees where tanglefoot bands were not used late this winter to prevent some of the moths from migrating up the trees and laying their eggs. They particularly like American elm and apple trees but will also attack other fruit and shade trees. Many trees may be partly or com- pletely stripped of their new spring foliage by these measuring worms. When full grown the worm drops to the ground by means of a silken thread. In a wind these threads become tangled and appear as streamers, but by this time it is usually too late for control. When the worms are still small (less than one inch), an application of a spray containing 1 1/2 pounds of 80 percent carbaryl wettable powder or . pounds of lead arsenate wettable powder per 100 gallons of water will control them. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- iow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate residue hazards. KEE KXHKX KKK This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Illinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. HBP:SM:RR:CEW:m1 4/23/65 dguotdd yitsss ars sevyolo smo? - bas OS neowded 3 ~oels. anorteluvog m1 ieG Sis 9 if t = ,, . 2. LLSHST o to sasotedp \¢ atoniffl of everw .bobeem ad a ‘Yesgqas eis 2erlt ensnoul eee ifawe onadt .elddyta oeed~ foyer ste bas veddhen VYoR To co: ew Ya he Sor vl 6 crrowyiaxA ne nae flew actom text SINS +t, ota tasig sitesi fl iw escrow an ive doiw sis ga iuge asate beboow 2601s olsiexg Sen heisias droayeorre & » aco axow act aworg : sroosd obsawit .Lortaco “et sdal ae | FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 30, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 2 This is the second in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the Uni- versity of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey, and co- operating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These reports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to deter- mine local conditions. Alfalfa weevils are common in alfalfa fields in the extreme southern coun- ties. The larvae resemble the clover leaf weevil which feeds only at night or on cloudy days. However, alfalfa weevil can be readily found feeding on the leaves during the day. The feeding appears as skeletonizing on the new terminal leaves which then dry rapidly and take on a whitish cast. Alfalfa will soon be cut, thus killing many of the worms, but damage on the new shoots may still occur. Feeding will continue for the next few weeks but will start to decline by mid-May. At pres- ent we are not recommending an insecticide control program but may have to do so by next yeare Pea aphids are common in many alfalfa fields but not numerous enough to be of economic importance. If weather remains unseasonably cool, aphid parasites and predators will not multiply fast enough to help control these aphids. However, a fungus disease was killing aphids this week. This disease could spread causing an aphid-disease epidemic, and will occur if the weather warms up. Clover leaf weevil populations are low this spring. This is the green worm with the white or yellow stripe down its back which is found in the debris around clover plants during the day. It feeds on leaves at night or on cloudy days. Furthermore, a parasite present for the past two years has killed many of them. With warm, humid weather, a fungus which attacks this pest will become prevalent. It will infect these larvae and reduce their numbers very rapidly. The rapid growth of al- falfa and red clover is encouraging as it enables plants to recover rapidly from any feeding injury of aphids or clover leaf weevil. Potato leafhoppers, 2a pest of alfalfa in Illinois, migrate into the state each year from the south. The first migrant leafhopper was found in Illinois this weeke European corn borers have overwintered successfully and seem to be quite healthy. Between 10 and 20 percent of the wintering borers in southern Illinois pupated this week, Pupation in this area will now proceed rapidly if the weather becomes warmer. No pupation has occurred in other areas of the state. Armyworm moths have been present for the past 3 weeks. No large numbers have been observed. Bagworm eggs have overwintered successfully as usual. Right now it is possible to pick these bags off the shrubs and trees; destroy them,as they are full of eggs which will hatch in about 4 weeks. If you hand pick now, you may not have to spray your evergreens for newly hatching bagworms in June. @aeL .OF Lisg SCAGIEA ATATCEMME AOL .OM WIPHIIUE YOVAUS TOMSML Lagat + a - broosa ody ak ail : etonkL[t ok sonia te _ epol tod atontill to yiarev teah ak ¢L .xebonegs ae cal rivigon toevank at aogcarlo bueyt Isroseg ulno otsstbat senor? ibros Issel om bor 3 peer EY SIOQISL | 1 ark ron Loxdnoo peobcnenie9 Hoo sroddvea nomnoa sie nilvsew si tst ta | moore ddpia a SYOLOMO SMS out pobthesrdtea 2foniilt to yibarev aE F ,satoners an hhere unoe oy Dra yhivicos sogank ik busts Leveneg yfao- Hhseisysia , studeli alentLy alqosg ayswotot o¢ Ww ot o F nce ae LWO ein + @MOLTLBAOD fisue to ehast fad fob itlO s et Lu.bs ' sdomkdy isle mort anil e to ifita sys sod yitveed anisuy fouw OBemeb 2: ; 8 -OStuEnr od yam ititata 3 Biitsm ove edinbe gud dont: taelg antyxb to etdoga Cyn tae eres teen edd ck axe esxel 3 ed bilyoos dLus auane't 3 ad ayiaybro mais WIbD Jesiduos al .roidetecog veonls seo Bos molaveh yud - ets siexy ‘to # 939 anort¢rbrie r srersags ef sacmeh a i- 4. ss et) VW tas c=] NL3E Sols vged mw .estoeew wh ae To Pare OO Ps foshay ae het RoI e 3 cag SHsoved ATSsaay ee a ego ren Sertt bad SOLIS Soe Ee Vice y Pfs, é Yeti ds eas nen res onarereo ti cetera ohh eso iheol fqn a. 2800 to oslo ak wis Wireworms are reported to be damaging corn in some areas. They drill holes in the stalk just below the ground level, or bore directly into the seed itself, and usually kill the plants they attack. If replanting is necessary, either leave the old stand and straddle the rows to replant,or if disking up the old stand, broadcast aldrin or heptachlor at 1-1/2 pounds per acre before disking or apply 1 pound per acre as a row application at planting. Larger wireworms will usually survive broadcast treat- ments of 1-1/2 pounds of aldrin or heptachlor per acre, while the small,half-grow wireworms will die. If there is a high percentage of larger wireworms, broadcast 3 pounds of aldrin or heptachlor per acre ahead of disking. Black cutworm moths have been present and laying eggs for the past few weeks. The wet soil in certain areas could cause good survival of newly hatched cutworms and subsequent damage to newly emerging corn plants. Preplamting broadcast applications of 1-1/2 pounds of actual aldrin or heptachlor per acre, disked in immediately, is the best protection against cutworms. Row applications of soil insecticides at plant- ing time have failed to control this insect satisfactorily. Be on the watch for cut- worms in corn for the next few weeks, particularly in low or poorly drained spots in fields. Flea beetles are feeding on corn in some areas. No damage has been observed. However, if there are fields where plants are being killed, apply 1-1/2 pounds of toxa- phene or, for dairy farms, 3/4 pound of carbaryl per acre as a band over the row. Newly emerged alfalfa weevil adults are now appearing in alfalfa fields in southern Illinois. These adults will feed for about two weeks and then become inactive through the summer. Most of the remaining larvae are nearly fully grown and ready to pupate, although some small worms are still present. In addition, overwintering adults are still laying some eggs. Alfalfa fields in the threatened area (southern two tiers of counties) are being cut or will be cut soon. Cutting will kill many of the larvae. However, after cutting, watch the new growth for possible injury from surviving larvae. If 20 per- cent of the new growth terminals show feeding damage, treatment may be justified. Use 1 pound of either malathion or diazinon per acre. Allow seven days to elapse be- tween treatment and harvest if diazinon is used; no interval is required with mala- thion. Spittlebugs averaged two per stem in some clover and alfalfa fields in ex- treme northwestern Illinois this week. For maximum hay yields, the time to apply in- secticides is now. To determine the need for treatment, carefully examine 10 stems of clover or alfalfa in each of five places in a field. Examine leaf sheaths, folded leaves and stems for the tiny yellow to orange nymphs that will be in tiny droplets of froth. For chemical control to be profitable, you should find an average of at least one nymph per stem. If plants are taller than 10 to 12 inches, treatments may not be successful. However, if insecticides are justified, apply 1 pound of actual methoxychlor per acre, and allow one week to elapse between application and harvest or grazing. Mosquitoes have already been troublesome in many areas of the state. To reduce the mosquito nuisance around your home, follow these suggestions: (1) Elimi- nate standing water such as accumulates in eave troughs, old tires, cans, children's toys, etc. (2) Spray the shrubbery and tall grass with 1.0 percent malathion. To mix, use 3 ounces of 50-57 percent malathion emulsion concentrate per gallon of water. Repeat the application every week or two if necessary. (3) Keep screening on all doors and windows in good repair. In addition, hang a plastic resin strip (2" x 10") Fy = ‘ ar =e * ans met sh Focy fing eae > caracr t — 29155 youT ,289%s omoe ml ofoo Rnataneh sd of Hadtroge BLOWS LLY be . - i cress - {3 i a ro evel Bavers ans veut, Hfete odd mk wosdie weds a2 islyot as awox echt it aurtower Ey ‘ko abrasog mo gos alg. ; nigiro9 at Ltoe dew sAtT ai er, ok rage tasd ae re yeas anit moos mf amrow »eblst? ok a caak UE pa re a , Lsvewoll TG snarig Poste ‘yfwoll :e£ rontely a sentiment ost LLite BUS aed gaisd HMO3ew ,atdoue sat ‘bo dao Sravog f. t gqeaaws Moids feayran 2 he ee DD re ae ug heart sts containing 20 percent dichlorvos (DDVP) at the rate of one strip per 1,000 cubic feet or about one per room. These strips are effective for six to elght weeks. The di- chlorvos vaporizes slowly and kills mosquitoes and flies. They are safe to use around children and pets. A 0.1 percent pyrethrin space spray or fog may be used in the house for quick knockdown in place of the dichlorvos resin strips. Repeat treatments will be needed with the spray. (4) When entering mosquito-infested areas, apply a repellent to exposed parts of the body. The best mosquito repellent to use is DEET (diethyl toluamide). Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate insecticide residue hazards. KEM KKEKHKX KK Special Reminder to Farm Advisers and Assistants (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) A special field training meeting on corn borer identification and damage for you and your dealer guests will be held at the farm adviser's office at Mounds, Illi- nois, Tuesday, May 18, beginning at 1:00 DM. KEK HEN Ke HH RK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey NHR HHH HH NOS Paty — Extension Specialist in Entomology ~Ee xeq qiidy ene ‘to ager edd te (SVGE) aovroltohs tuesrsq O8 smite: Si@gis od axle vot ovidestts sis eqiude saedf . moor teq sno duo ais ved? .ssilt Bas escsinnaom sili bas awe aasriogev aovTo. “VN BOL to Yetde oosge mitdiswyq tasots OA .stog Sas ae vagqisde sige govioldoth sit to soalg ai Fee aAoiup tot pees Ps ylaos asain betestal-odiypsom gaivedie sedV (#) .ysvge ont ddiv bobsen og W THaT af say o¢ Sooilsges otinpeom Saod sAT .ybod oft to efreq bssogqxs ot dis is -(ebimsutods Lydtebb) ¥ aohioiteseat aniylaqgs sioish# inotdusd A 3 {fiw vino fon ef? Varo LIUBIONY ffs ,sbissed subtest ebkotdosent (HOTTRADT ; mT} vibe te: ‘ eed ding easaivbdA smet of robe hom fstosqa oo 2 ave r emcee is. " #1 fO7 spesh Bre ic 35 swoy, bas soy rita trod aL _ ot eyebeouT .aton & peers at so *S i: - ot te ehtigoM TR soltto 3s tase atee met ra VET USI VWiOTe £ % Se A? Me ae % \ sé Nay 5 A sfadcsaxg. Pee ey ae olomodhed cu if 7 Cooperative Extension Service, University of ee Tllinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation with the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 21, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 5 This is the fifth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These re- ports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Corn borer pupation is complete in the southern six to 10 Illinois coun- ties; 50 percent of the moths have already emerged, and egg laying has started. Advanced fields had a maximum of one egg mass per plant this week. Egg laying will continue for two weeks, taper off and be complete in three weeks. After most of the eggs have hatched, decide whether an insecticide application will be profitable Only the earliest fields will warrant use of insecticide. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, measure the tassel ratio of the field and count the percent of plants with recent whorl leaf feeding. To determine the tassel ratio, measure the height of the plant with leaves extended; split the stalk open and measure from the tip of the developing tassel to the base of the plant. Divide the tassel height by the plant height, and multiply by 100. This figure is the tassel ratio. If the tassel ratio is at least 35 (preferably 40 to 45) and at least 75 percent of the plants show recent whorl feeding, then treatment is justified. Use 1 pound of actual diazinon in granular form per acre or 1 1/2 to 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as granules. For spraying, use the same amount of actual insecticide per acre, and direct the spray to the upper third of the plant. Aerial applications should be granules, not sprays or dusts. Follow the label precautions in harvesting and feeding treated corn. DDT can be used as granules or sprays, but not on or adjacent to dairy farms. In central and northern Illinois, 10 to 50 percent of the overwintering borers have pupated, but no emergence of consequence is expected for at least 10 days or perhaps two weeks. In general, except for an occasional early field, borer development is ahead of corn development. Borer moths may concentrate in extremely advanced corn in the area north and west of a line from St. Louis to Springfield to Hoopeston and south of a line from Kankakee to Rockford. Starting in mid-June, be prepared to examine these fields regularly. Armyworm populations do not approach those of last year, but the worms are still very small in most fields and some eggs are still hatching. Only an oc- casional field of extremely luxuriant wheat in the southern half of the state has enough worms to warrant application of an insecticide. Fields of wheat averaging one or two armyworms per linear foot of drill row are not uncommon throughout this area, but this population neither requires the use of an insecticide nor can it be justified unless the worms concentrate on cutting heads. ine LIBRARY GF THE MAY 2.2 7965 PRIVERSITY RE cienunes to whkarevind ,sotvisd motensiml avid srenoad faitiw noitereqood mr ae hearer To agesfod estos rt lit ~Awt.€.U Das yevrua yroveltt Isxuersi efoarift ont POCL 4S eM G2AMIZG TRALCAMMY fot . ~ C .0M WITT YEVEUE TOESUT j Gd @ SE OMARS guideragoos se 08 nactk mk aegnento oe adsoibat adrog Jsool snkorateb o¢ soy seollT .estvesom Loutnos awo etd aoedo Bisorfe aoltequg aetod mio) utiton off to a9 aorag O¢ 22 i Hsowev LissOu mrcyray rere re 2 anSew ‘aetds oe f ordeal Gs sob forsoss " 3 to Of Yeteab of .s3akbestt “ohusixe zavsol ad oft of Loaast OL yd woe kd Lon a ee Coral nemstesiws sods .antbhest "LS.fUNS TS a ‘tte Gd C8) aCe ip ane od tts asa odd s xo aysiges orids 08 Mi aro Reed sod]auk au Boa sd sso eyrovod so aed ai tromroLleveb PARA) seeeaiee Hoda aoa pi aee yee at BL, ite. 6x8 Lenoteso + goss ments Ow ro sro aidy dod relegs beak Porites ale To warrant treatment, you should find a minimum of six worms per linear foot. Use 1 i/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre, but not on dairy farms or fields adjacent to dairy pasture or forage crops. If you use dieldrin, do not apply more than two ounces of actual per acre, and do not apply on dairy farms or fields ad- jacent to dairy forage crops or pasture. Do not harvest for one week or use the straw for livestock feed. Trichlorfon (Dylox) has label approval for use on wheat, but can not be used within 21 days of harvest, the field can not be used for graz- ing livestock and the straw can not be fed to dairy or beef animals. We have not tried it for armyworm control in Illinois, so we have no records on its effective- ness, but some states are recommending its use for this purpose. The best advice about armyworms is not to panic and let anyone talk you into applying an insecticide uniess you have actually counted the worms in several areas of the field. Also, remember that armyworms will be present in large numbers in lodged spots in grain fields and may be difficult to find in the remainder of the field. Sawflies are yellowish-green, velvety, transparent-appearing worms. They are abundant in wheat fields at the same time as armyworms, which are distinctly striped. Do not confuse the sawfly larvae with armyworms. Black cutworms have been found in low, wet areas of many cornfields throughout eastern, central and western Illinois. Most of them are small to half grown, but some are still hatching. In a few instances they have been serious enough to cause replanting even where fields have had a broadcast treatment of soil insecticide. But most of the small corn plants are cut off above the growing point or heart and will recover from the damage. If post-planting treatment is needed, use either 1/2 pound of actual dieldrin or 3 pounds of actual toxaphene. Do not use dieldrin or toxaphene on dairy farms or allow the drift to reach dairy pastures or hay crops. for dairy farms, use 2 pounds of actual carbaryl per acre. It will be helpful, but not highly satisfactory. If replanting is necessary, apply a broadcast application of a soil insecticide. Row applications of soil insecticides at planting time have failed to control cutworms,. Chinch bug adults are in thin stands of wheat in eastern and central Illinois. In some fields 10 to 50 adults can be found per linear foot of drill row. Much of the wheat in this area is winter-damaged; as a result, some fields have been plowed under and planted to corn. Some eggs have been laid and could produce a large buildup of nymphs, which may appear in wheat or on corn planted where wheat has been plowed under. Dry weather is favorable for chinch bug development. Do not apply insecticides unless damage is being caused by the new hatching nymphs. Flea beetles are still present in cornfields in the southern half of Illinois, but corn is growing away from the damage and the beetle numbers are dimin- ishing ° Alfalfa weevil larval populations are decreasing rapidly, and damage is almost over. Adults that are now emerging will feed a little and then hibernate until next spring. seentl ‘req anrrow xia To mwmiacm s Balt Divote soe .dnomdse rs tretrsw of ‘ to abrwog S\i 10 sIwT28G £ age ‘ Sak iS atclsk bea ad tom Ro aoodtaevil mrowyrre ‘sot ti Bs. asters smoa tod Do \evne ee ah “rey pat ¥, ee Porogws: 2nofcn abrotd i np getylqes oft odujanes ,0afA .bfolt oft To daems foxy stoqa Beahol nt HLeit ont LS v alias ae we BES ri dre Bersehs ats vod of + bse. te ayst sutrows yD 2 o6.f8 noo ,fistaoe dvorsvondd te ave smoe dud .cwory aefger aauso ot darous dao dud .ebtolvosent mort tavooax Lfliw bas dvsed to gd sven york ote os J tesodsord wees v, fee SVU: ELO Sina Tauro fo is sog S oar amrst Prax, ET sVTocosta tése gas wor eae ote satomtlit ar at NE dssiw its zo douM ‘tefuar Soywole ied To qubLig yo tormbty ennidsk ——— 25 Pec aviya\ .xavo daomnis ntga dxuon Lttny oS For) eat 3- This week we found alfalfa weevil for the first time in Champaign, Coles, Macon, Moultrie, Christian, Montgomery, Bond and Madison counties. Potato leafhoppers migrated into the state this week and can be found in numbers in alfalfa fields north of a line from St. Louis to Champaign up to Route 6 No control measures other than early cutting are recommended. Sod webworms are occasionally being reported from lawns. Generally no control is needed until July or August. However, if control is needed now, use diazinon or carbaryl. Bagworms will be hatching in another week in southern Tllinois. Now is the time to hand-pick the bags that overwintered on the trees. They are full of eggs. A thorough job of hand-picking may eliminate the need for a spray. If, however, it becomes necessary to spray, apply carbaryl, diazinon, lead arsenate or malathion early while the newly hatched worms are still small and easy to kill. Cereal leaf beetle was found in Illinois for the first time this week. No control is recommended at this time. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all. precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. xX KKXEKKXK Farm Advisers’ Special Notice (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) We will meet at the following farm advisers' offices, at 1:00 p.m. on the dates listed, for field meetings on chinch bugs and other current insect pests: June 1 - Tuscola June 2 - Clinton June 3 - Watseka KR¥KeHRKK HK KK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey KKK N KKH REE Extension Specialist in Entomology San ~2elod arimtsomedi? mf amit gexlt off aot Liveow stlstis onvot ow Agow atdT seolsiroo nosis Bas oro8 .yrenogiioM .asivekat) .studtych eile ia old cdat bedarygin eteggodtsel otsioL it : 4 c 2, ty 7 So as 22 aaa a mu ‘a moet enftfl a to idnon ebiokt etfatis ar axe exe aniguwa yluse usdd tedtc aowasem Loxtaoos wel tout Psirogsy siisd ylisnotesooo ers amxowdsw 608 fLowtnca th wrsvevaH .deuguA to yiet lisa fabsas ef Lox. wlvisdieo TO morks gainotst ed £fiv emrommel vo tet apad elt Aotg-Baad of ombkd arin nekiiokg-Bnerd To cub Gonosert A “yisdiss wfc Lyszas ot yxsnpoaen samoosd SE .teveworl ats uomiew bedoded viwen oft olichr vinse notdtedain afesi Oil mi Sovot aew olfesti Iset isoxs0 ae ae vor sine Te Sabranetcess af fordcoo of © tect notes eerie td S927 "Gee wolflot SS fe suble an eseniats pees aa 552m Ne By MENA Li yew Yio (AOTTAOLIGUT AOU TON} sotto Cetseq@ tstestvbA area ean wine 9 o a? “Pca ET bon eee TE Oe a , = Py Sy ae Tey i ee Poa ~ gO e.g OOPE te ,eseFito 'arseivbs aioet aotvoliot oft ae an! ; ‘sesame HRs . HEeeePOr rec Oeicned aby < Per ge fara ke ae ar ae i Poet =). - (RWeay COLENE Tistigs tensto ove auyod dornitio mo gentigan black cot satdeb edt ~ ff gout ey weep oe Ir £' et” On EL = © anyt n> mloacell o« -£ senil rood syed ~yddet .& 2 yd hersqord ‘ eda igolonotnd, uclenedxd msi Qe se cir ee yf Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 28, 1965 te INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 6 This is the sixth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These re- ports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Armyworms continue to hold the spotlight. However, only a very few fields have enough worms to justify treatment. Here is what has happened: Moths were depositing eggs a few weeks ago and searched out the luxuriant stands of grains and grasses. Such fields were few and far between, but they now have 6 to 15 worms per linear foot of drill row and can be treated profitably. The moths also deposited some eggs in other fields of wheat. You can find armyworms in small, thick spots in each field. In some cases there are as many as 2 per linear foot throughout the field. These populations do not warrant applica- tions of insecticides. In the larger populations, examine worms carefully for signs of disease. Sick worms respond very slowly to any stimulus, such as heat. Their skin may break with a slight touch. After death they soon shrivel up. If there are many sick worms, do not apply an insecticide. Above all, do not panic and be talked into using an insecticide unneces- sarily. Do not justify insecticide applications on the basis of worm counts from lodged spots in fields, as the worms concentrate in these spots. Use an average worm count for the entire field to determine need for treatment. Use 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre, but not on dairy farms or fields adjacent to dairy pasture or forage crops. If you use dieldrin, do not apply more than two ounces of actual per acre, and do not apply on dairy farms or fields adja- cent to dairy forage crops or pasture. Do not harvest for one week, and do not use the straw for livestock feed. Trichlorfon (Dylox) has label approval for use on wheat, but it cannot be used within 21 days of harvest, the field cannot be used for grazing livestock and the straw cannot be fed to dairy or beef animals. We have not tried this material for armyworm control in Illinois, so we have no records on its effectiveness, but some states are recommending its use for this purpose. Also, 1 1/4 pounds of malathion can be used up to within one week of wheat harvest and may be helpful in controlling armyworms on dairy farms. Sawflies are yellowish-green, velvety, transpearent-appearing worms. They are abundant in wheat fields at the same time as armyworms, which are distinctly striped. Do not confuse the sawfly larvae with armyworms. fi STALGIMME HO, OID oO si —= 7 Od Oo 4 On PF 255 a8 ; 0 o> Stet S68 OO 4 & i tp 7 Bh 4 4.9 + coll = fa 4 oe! 0 ra) ta 2 Oo 4 te} a @ S a oo 4—Hig & aS) Ay ss; +} as op tt a th nea ge ny Fe ; nat t “ TSS wm © = a & (oy ral ‘ S yine vad Quais 9 ow a Hed od es i) w Orb oO aMmYOw c 5 as ei ads Black cutworms are very severe in many fields of corn throughout central and south-central Illinois. They are generally found in fields where no soil in- secticides were used prior to planting, but they are also commonly found in fields where insecticides were applied in the row at planting. Also, there have been nu- merous reports of cutworm outbreaks in fields where the soil insecticide was broad- cast and disked in prior to planting. The worms vary in size, but most of them are more than half grown and will mature within 10 days. There is usually not another generation in the same locality, but one can develop as it did in 1958, when moths of the first generation remained and did not migrate northward. Continued rains with wet spots in fields in about two weeks could prove attractive to the newly emerging moths for laying eggs. If post-planting treatment is needed, use either 1/2 pound of actual diel- drin or 3 pounds of actual toxaphene. Do not use dieldrin or toxaphene on dairy farms or allow the drift to reach dairy pastures or hay crops. For dairy farms, use 2 pounds of actual carbaryl per acre. It will be helpful, but not highly satisfactory. If replanting is necessary, apply a broadcast application of a soil insecticide. In general, surface applications of dieldrin or toxaphene may vary in ef- fectiveness from no control to perfect control. The results will depend upon soil moisture at spraying, or on rain immediately after spraying. If it is dry, the worms will be several inches deep in the ground and the spray will stay on the surface-- thus no kill. Corn borer emergence should be nearing completion in the southern tip of Illinois. This week will be the time to decide whether it will pay to apply an in- secticide to the earliest and most mature corn. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, measure the tassel ratio of the field and count the percent of plants with recent whorl leaf feeding. To determine the tassel ratio, measure the height of the plant with leaves extended; split the stalk open and measure from the tip of the developing tassel to the base of the plant. Divide the tassel height by the plant height, and multiply by 100. This figure is the tassel ratio. If the tassel ratio is at least 35 (pref- erably 40 to 45) and at least 75 percent of the plants show recent whorl feeding, then treatment is justified. Use 1 pound of actual diazinon in granular form per acre or 1 1/2 to 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as granules. For spraying, use the same amount of actual insecticide per acre, and direct the spray to the upper third of the plant. Aerial applications should be granules, not sprays or dusts. Follow the label precautions in harvesting and feeding treated corn. DDT can be used as granules or sprays, but not on or adjacent to dairy farms. In northern, northwestern and western Illinois, pupation of overwintering borers ranges from 50 to 95 percent, with an occasional moth already emerged. Borer development is normal for this area, but corn development is slightly later than in the past few years. Egg laying will start in the next few weeks. Be prepared to examine those exceptionally early fields from mid-June to July 4. Chinch bug populations in eastern and central Illinois may have been greatly affected by the rains, but the extent cannot be determined for another week. Alfalfa weevil has now been found in Vermilion county. " a: 20 Bo G+ 200 ots tp ns) >, cI ga S20 5 wom He HD > iQ eo. Ae. O a Srl “oo ; on 2 q | 4 0 wat ty ra © BS From = “4 Oo or O° o % & Get H OH > 8 t oO % oO 23 my nO 7 oO 2 so HS olt . = HQ KS sy = 4 oP “ct oy 4 OG u Gs m3 ‘S9 Ca) ! toute} _» © ts G +t e+ ni oO OM [at = wee i bee a Homo eH +3 "E} SH oe Oy Get eo] oon £ coer aa) oot Qj ne ang 2 : ¢ ros nu On > 9 4) unt co cs) “AL ee Q fo eh > ce 3 ‘o 2 o Oe om mr a Chet gt os at — oy oad 3 Qo 3 Bw O a Da thet © a a ot £3 Biel .O & 2 ex a > Ol rt mw Oa of a { = El. < & a fa rt % Fo Rad hy th ay ch Gah =, & sth 3 = - el wo 2 Gg pa io) » wee HS = Q 3} tb fim bo Seif a Sal Kea : : : Mt as FY) a oy et re Dn be gi A band a ed be = ee Ba Tr D ot Oud #+ © ¢ i Oo it f a bee a) = = 7) Q bal <> aC) 47 SS : st t Ci gy ee wt 1 | % ' ral e = te = ri a) —o Spider mite injury has been appearing on evergreens, especially in founda- tion plantings around homes. These minute eight-~legged mites are usually red spider mites, spruce spider mites or some similar form. The evergreens wili show pale patches and even some killing of branches. Silken threads of webbing are usually present. For positive detection, hold a sheet of white paper or white dish under a branch and shake the branch sharply. If spider mites are present, you will be able to see them moving about on the white background. Three miticides, Aramite, dicofol (Kelthane) or chlorobenzilate, will give control. Malathion can also be used. Thor- ough spray coverage is important. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- low all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate residue hazards. * *® ¥ ¥ Special Note to Careless Sprayers (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) You are not listening to warnings. Therefore, please give the following message to your family doctor. Some orchardists, commercial vegetable gardeners and custom sprayers are complacent and careless. They no longer respect certain highly toxic organic phos- phates, since they have used them for some time with no trouble. Among these organo- phosphates are the parathions, azinphosmethyl (Guthion), the demetons (Systox and Di-Syston), phorate (Thimet) and others. We say to wear rubber or plastic gloves and other protective clothing when handling and mixing these concentrates. Some people are handling them bare-handed and then even rolling cigarettes. They are also disregarding other precautions listed on the container. Doctor, when your patient arrives, decontaminate him with soap and water and inject (severe cases) atropine sulfate. Underdosing has failed. The Clinical Handbook of Economic Poisons says one treatment to use in severe cases is "Atropine suifate, 2 to 4 mg. (1/30to1/15 grain) intravenously as soon as cyanosis is over- come. Repeat at 5- to 10-minute intervals until signs of atropinization appear (ary, flushed skin and tachycardia as nigh as 140 per minute)." We have had four suspected (not confirmed) cases of minor symptoms reported to us this week. If you want to be careless, that is up to you. But please give your doctor the above information first. Farm Advisers' Special Notice (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) We will meet at the following farm advisers' offices, at 1:00 p.m. on the dates listed, for field meetings on chinch bugs and other current insect pests: June 1 - Tuscola June 2 =— Clinton June 3 - Watseka * ¥ ¥ X¥ * Fe KK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey MOB Oth H. B. 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Di ce VY O35. PTO f Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation with the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE June 4, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 7 This is the seventh in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the Uni- versity of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and co- operating agencies. It is designated to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These reports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to deter- mine local conditions. Chinch bug adults prefer open thin stands of grain; they have had a wide selection of fields this year and until recently they were diluted over a large acre- agee But as growth continued and the ground became more shaded, the adults moved to field borders, low spots, drill skips, and other thin open spots. Here they have been laying eggs. In most instances the newly hatched nymphs are being killed by beating rains. As the adults die and the rains kill the tiny nymphs, our chinch bug potential problem decreases. There undoubtedly are isolated areas that were missed by the recent rains. In these areas chinch bugs may be a problem, and migrations from grain to corn may take place later. Corn borer egg-laying is complete in the southernmost counties. Counts in- dicate that 1 to 3 percent of the fields in the southern tip of the state would profit from protection. These, of course, are the most advanced fields. If a field indi- cates a need for insecticide protection, now is the time. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, measure the tassel ratio of the field and count the percent of plants with recent whorl leaf feed- ing. To determine the tassel ratio, measure the height of the plant with leaves ex- tended; split the stalk open and measure from the tip of the developing tassel to the base of the plant. Divide the tassel height by the plant height, and multiply by 100. This figure is the tassel ratio. If the tassel ratio is at least 35 (preferably 40 to 45) and at least 75 percent of the plants show recent whorl feeding, then treat- ment is justified. Use 1 pound of actual diazinon in granular form per acre or l 1/2 to 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as granules. For spraying, use the same amount of actual insecticide per acre, and direct the spray to the upper third of the plant. Aerial applications should be granules, not sprays or dusts. Follow the label pre- cautions in harvesting and feeding treated corn. DDI can be used as granules or spreys, but not on or adjacent to dairy farms. In northwestern and western Illinois, pupation is rapidly nearing comple- tion. In some instances up to 50 percent of the moths have emerged. However, some of the wintering larvae have not yet pupated. This means that some moths will still be laying eggs four weeks from now. In the meantime, carefully examine the most ma- ture fields. Need for insecticide protection may be apparent in two to three weeks. Black cutworms are causing the most serious insect problem this week. We continue to have reports from south-central Illinois and have also had calls from the northern tier of counties. Control of this pest has been erratic. to wketevinU ,seivred foinneacxd sévic srecou) ivtw noitsreqood ai sustiveivgA to esetiod skunbiit “AU.5.0 has yevwe yrotetH feudal ehon tilt edt ORL. souk CAS LEA y € Ov ae id it al eins cfd nn Ce AAS er ek npee 9 extveliud ywileey Te asiess a ut Sie, Sy ( tqeotes BUSoRME sist) igi CLE ..suanhics.i y or T2398 “OD gee YS rae itineeog, a oper aasnl 4 suodeh oF sbofar 2h ,shuiexwt Isys aqo uvisud ediuhs nod dontdd nie taoy eldt eolett To nodes eurkitrion ddwors af if ~ gl kab .ssoqa wol ,svebrod £ 1£ team al «anys anivel. ah jak .emier aoe ganceaTosh seldorg daliwedea rit snake: taseor oft yd you aos od ahem is pe] & G be as : wT NSCs AE CATS art ae i = w 3 0D bye 3. Pei oe Gl ion t ‘ aeanie : ; Bay pr h ee a 8 YW & sovrod sarod ; Becds conk sear F& od I seus aheske | so te “and? .oktoasorg mort z ebboitosent tot Been s natee PEtune Hiyow ofits. oAd a Ee ids sbtosh of etd to ottex Iseest + onkeretob of > spat » of dtfee 2bebned wJuslg sad ‘to sasd | ‘=i ef everett atal tesel ta Bue (2d of .veitggert al dyam- stabines a a 5 oF. 5 ee | | ee on ESSE nian fabrea ‘gevued ik anokouce no don dud .2yorge 4 ~ Sl ire i PEM Be sownsiom mt ca ‘ yi 6 sven en prt es SHOR ME whioes a hee ¢ Sarxsl aubverniy ate ZO “eit 7G tip torg akGO SuoT apan eatyetl od unt tot ose wnblerl otsd at os sumkdvtea to sHiy rasdicas ea In general, farmers who used 1 1/2 pounds of aldrin or heptachlor per acre broadcast and disked it in prior to planting have escaped serious damage. But we have had a few complaints that even the pre-planting broadcast treatment failed to control cutworms in extremely severe infestations. As usual we have had many com- plaints that row or band treatment at planting has not controlled the cutworms. In estimating damage, remember that over half of the damaged small plants will recover rapidly, as they are usually cut off above the growing point. Only when they are cut off below the growing point will they die. Worms that are 1/4 to 1/2 inch long will feed for another 7 to 10 days; worms 1 1/2 to 2 inches long have almost finished feeding. Base the need for protective treatment on the damage, location of growing point in relation to cut on plant, and length of time the worms will continue to cut. If post-planting treatment is needed, use either 1/2 pound of actual diel- drin or 3 pounds of actual toxaphene. Concentrate the spray at the base of the plants. The more water you use per acre, the better the results will be. If possi- ble, cultivate immediately to cover the spray deposit. Do not use dieldrin or toxa- phene on dairy farms or allow the drift to reach dairy pastures or hay crops. for dairy farms, use 2 pounds of actual carbaryl per acre. It will be helpful, but not highly satisfactory. If replanting is necessary, apply a broadcast application of a soil insecticide. In general, surface applications of dieldrin or toxaphene may vary in ef- fectiveness from no control to perfect control. The results will depend to some ex- tent upon soil moisture at spraying, or on rain immediately after spraying. If it is dry, the worms will be several inches deep in the ground, and the spray will stay on the surface--thus no kill. Armyworms are still present, but the need for treatment is rapidly decreas~ ing. In general, only occasional fields warrant treatment, and even here the worms are rapidly approaching maturity. Parasites are also rapidly increasing in number and are killing worms before they get large enough to do severe damage. Armyworm and cutworm development during the next two weeks will be important. Cool, wet weather may tempt the moths to stay where they are rather than to migrate northward. This remains to be seen. Sod webworm moths are abundant in east-central Illinois. We are not en- couraging use of insecticides at this time, but if the moths are extremely thick in your yard, watch carefully for signs of damage. If treatment is needed, use carbaryl or diazinon. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- low all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate residue hazards. XXX HK KKK Special Note to Careless Sprayers (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) Some of you may want your family doctor to have more information on treat-~ ment of organic phosphate poisoning and description of symptoms. After all, they do resemble such illnesses as heat exhaustion and many others. 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It is Public Health Service Publication No. 476. Send 55 cents to the U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., along with your order. Farm Advisers’ Special Notice (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) Special corn borer and corn earworm meetings for farm advisers and insecti- cide dealers: June 21 = June 22 - June 23 - Watseka Jacksonville Monmouth Eureka Edwardsville Morrison DeKalb Meet at the farm adviser's office at 1:00 p.m. ¥ XK KKK HK KK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey Ke XX KK HK HK K ME Cite He B ° Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology 1 ~ < “> * ton 4 oe Sw er a: ‘e hee Al nu + a Ailsoli ofldvD ef gf wenon tot simonood mo Nosdbast Leokntld” ‘to yqoo 8 mid ebro. » ee " ~ “9 we ye i Ax ceapaiaa P % TO antininT duommrovod .2 .U edt oF atnge fo one@ dyad of notdaot dul aosy stebro swoy ddiw gools ..0 . .otgoas sattoll fetosaa tavoaks % got onritsem mrowres aroo bas seiod_ayvoo Isrosg@ seteiseb abfo. 1p Fyoh / fimied - Po mee epetinte ein, alDe dame hashes were be Gn ne ee St og = x ees me Sol & 6 se Bo nef tos 4 ing QDe-n-j i> > & ait M4 = BO te G3 cles | 4 9) fot Oe +S ok Soe OF pd bd OS Rett te “ay o ct es a a Ca By Of .3 ty ne 2 3 Qk . 4 Hic do Oo soo > of ots it A dob Hl Sho ; ao of 0 Pa mt CSt 8 : G 2 rf % “4H HW CSS: ts QU tO o 8 a be ow rs : cf, tt 4 a a] g ie 2 Fe] - Moa eke pps 4 Tab ee SF Boek oo ag a & 3 Ly & a of O is ts} a> 8 “4 a i BY Daa HO se oa eS a uy SS OHO hz a fe aa G _ cma ast: x : 2 =") ee ee gee9e aa b 5 = a * Ga Gee 2 a ca se © i Bonn GG ye ™ a beet) G G bel oo td 8 = : ea Pe <$ SO 2 0 a Ba rel at £ x Bh ® 6) Pa Es ag § te ca = - < G) Pe} o +> ' = “ Oo ge oO Oo: ye uk tig 2 7 ob eyed 3 © hn ee: : tS yp 4 a = mod yo ebb 7 ae es 5 ey EP “y oo ci v3 Rm a te ts ge a x ne Go bes = ; A pu] i & a rey] ty es a wed in Ni ber | xe “Py cl ; q . 4 a3 j wu? we 3 2 o on ‘5 y4 “9 1) ae ta? & . ts >. a if : ba val ‘ he] ig Black cutworms continue to be a problem in cornfields in the northern one- third to one-half of the state. In estimating damage, remember that over half of the damaged small plants will recover rapidly, as they are usually cut off above the grow- ing point. Only when they are cut off below the growing point will they die. Make counts to determine stand losses. Worms that are 1/4 to We inch long will feed for another 7 to 10 days; worms 1 1/2 to 2 inches long have almost finished feeding. Base the need for protective treatment on the damage, location of growing point in relation to cut on plant, and length of time the worms will continue to cut. If post- planting treatment is needed, use either 172 pound cf actual dieldrin or 3 pounds of actual toxaphene. Concentrate the spray at the base of the plants. The more water you use per acre, the better the results will be. If possible, cultivate immediately to cover the spray deposit. Do not use dieldrin or toxaphene on dairy farms or allow the drift to reach dairy pastures or hay crops. For dairy farms, use 2 pounds of ac- tual carbaryl per acre. It will be helpful, but not highly satisfactory. If replant- ing is necessary, apply a broadcast application of a soil insecticide. Do not expect a spectacular kill of cutworms overnight. Compute control three or four days after treatment. Do not look for dead worms, since they soften and disintegrate rapidly as soon as they die. You may find only a spot of slimy mud where a dead worm has been. Evaluate kill of cutworms by new damage and presence of live worms. Sod_webworm damage to corn appears in cutting of the plants or ragging of the leaves. These worms are common in corn after grass sods. Close examination of damaged plants will show webbing, and in a webbed-up mass of dirt you will find 2 spotted, gray to brown worm. If an insecticide spray is indicated, use toxaphene or carbaryl. It is doubtful that control will be required at this late date. Southern corn rootworm adults seem to be more numerous in cornfields than in the past few years. This insect is also called the spotted cucumber beetle. It migrates from the south and deposits eggs in cornfields, The white larvae that hatch from these eggs feed on the roots of the corn. If infestations are severe and the roots are destroyed, the plants will tip over. Do not confuse this pest with the northern corn rootworm, which winters in Illinois and is a root pest of continuous corne Controls are not recommended for either of these pests at this time. Chinch bugs are still hatching, but the beating rains are continuing to kill them. However, in the eastern Illinois area from Joliet to Bloomington to Paris, examine thin stands of grain, particularly in areas missed by the continual hard rains of the past two weeks. Potato leafhoppers have been abundant in some fields of alfalfa, particu- larly those that are being cut late. The damage shows in yellowing of the leaves and is usually quite apparent. The tiny wedge-shaped, fast-moving green insects can be found by shaking the plants over a piece of paper. No control is recommended. Bean leaf beetles are feeding on soybeans. We have an occasional report of severe defoliation. If it is necessary to protect the stand, apply toxaphene or carbaryl. - suatdaoa amrowtyo aos le ee ond to tledestio od Build oset Iftw ateasfla Cleme bogemsb so ous Youd nenw vind .dakeg gal 29a20L Dasde antsistes ot at \f £ amrow rayeb Of o¢ J ontons 15 ovidostorg rot been srt sesh ae no duo o¢ noiteLlox Susutsend gottnelg ,snadgsxed Lagos. .9198 Taq sey Loy Yerge oft roves ot disosst ot Phinb ods oq fywediso Laut Lgas € yrseaeosd ak Sat Pay Fasutssé) nesstasq yrkeb oS ft fe . as Lptger eM ach dosqxe ton of : eyel “rot ro sends dj es moo. ae yihiqe: sternednkerb bras i merow nash s -srorly earrrow svi es e we ac av isvid vos nverkhy - magennapctpass eamanebnaAfeyremee pe OF Stes aioe cay a , 2S tkOVy tesgq odd of : So.ery tat 2 apott mort SxoO atoor H strowFooT syroeo myreddroarn effZOD ; cevewoR onrarih Sigal is 1g Ret: SULLDAKS pecrat Qe Dbysad os boyy TOS 2 ATO ny SOLED yiteuey et vd boot -3- Sod webworms in lawns are a common topic. The moths now flying will de- posit eggs in the sod. But in general fertility and moisture will enable the grass to grow faster than the worms can eat it. In July and August a new generation will be present and the growing conditions will be less favorable. At that time the web- worms will damage the sod. Plan to treat with diazinon or carbaryl in the forepart of July if inspection reveals tiny worms, but do not treat after the worms are full grown and the damage is already done. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. Ke KKKKeKX KK Farm Advisers’ Special Notice (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) Special corn borer and corn earworm meetings for farm advisers and insecti- cide dealers: June 21 Watseka - Jacksonville June 22 - Monmouth - Eureka - Edwardsville June 23 Morrison - DeKalb Meet at the farm adviser's office at 1:00 p.m. ¥**XXK* KKK KX Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey eRe KX KKK KK A Ce Gitte H. Be Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology P eu te adgom edt .ofgod nomieo s ors amet ak smmtodeny Boe iw sustetom bis yiilidvet Lsrones si gud Vbos edé a2 ags 39, dtaog 8 JsauRy enrcow edt celt retest wor iat x Ag SLs as cS IoD 8 edd Bas os edrs90 ta) is G Boa oft sasmsb LL. rests elsgever nokd¢ssqant % vybsexis ef sgansb oft Ses sworg THOLTESO ee et ee eenotthsosya fs rabysssd eybiasyr {IWESISD ¢ CLiw ww TOR MMC es (HOTTADLUSUT ACT MCLOWTSS cites it: Fee hE Heyl, oo 6 92.2 1 m7 Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation with the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE June 18, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 9 This is the ninth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These re- ports indicate only general trends, Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. European corn borer moths have been somewhat inactive because of cool temperatures. They have remained in weed patches and other protected areas. With the first warm, calm nights, moths will become active and deposit eggs. During the past week, the corn has been growing and is now becoming more favorable for borer survival. Apparently egg laying is nearly complete south of a line from Carthage to Macomb to Champaign. From 25 to 50 percent of the corn in much of this area is now acceptable to moths for egg laying. Thus the few eggs yet to be laid will be scattered over many fields rather than concentrated in a few. From this line north to a line from Rock Island to LaSalle, moth emergence is practically complete, but a few moths will be laying eggs until about July 1. In many areas there is no early corn; here borers will lay eggs cn the short corn, weeds, flowers and small grains, and survival will be low. But in other localities some fields are much more mature than others in the vicinity. Watch these fields, as moths may concentrate their egg laying here. In the area north of the line from Rock Island to LaSalle, there are still some moths to emerge and egg laying will probably continue until July 4. Although the situation does not appear serious, observe the most advanced fields closely for the next two weeks. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, measure the tassel ratio of the field and count the percent of plants with recent whorl leaf feeding. To determine the tassel ratio, measure the height of the plant with leaves extended; split the stalk open and measure from the tip of the developing tassel to the base of the plant. Divide the tassel height by the plant height, and multiply by 100. This figure is the tassel ratio. If the tassel ratio is at least 35 (preferably 40 to 45) and at least 75 percent of the plants show recent whorl feed- ing, then treatment is justified. Use 1 pound of actual diazinon in granular form per acre or 1 1/2 to 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as granules. For spraying, use the same amount of actual insecticide per acre, and direct the spray to the upper third of the plant. Aerial applications should be granules, not sprays or dusts. Follow the label precautions in harvesting and feeding treated corn. DDI can be used as granules or sprays, but not on or adjacent to dairy farms. Black cutworms continue to be a problem in north-central Illinois, and we have had occasional reports of this pest from northern Illinois. Continue to watch for spots in fields where stands suddenly appear thin. Look for signs of this pest cutting off the corn. Le yoetevidd (ooiries soja ie ane ae aidiw mofteraqesd at . oO skort €L ere ee: Dae Verne ekomi(ly ata adorn 88 ones GRARITA AATOOMME Pom k£il mt sok a LSet TEEE to eee ont _— gtidevegoos — : dozani at seymedo - avo eff foacs blyodts Dsubiris ina 2 Bh suey yine ateotbrt adtog ‘itan Fsool eakersdab ot = be +B OTHAIOM j c Blo MOL ero : Sa ra ae, 9 te Shen ot mmnvn avecd vert! astucetaqmed on riaw Jaukh sdd too Jeez ods Lavivee Setod OM .saste Bede: © ae oo grou « eee ey a BNE SO wor Bf sors susstor 1 ad disooalt - act Dar a or ats ht a oldsigooos “ami bedsudnsctso csdt + DEMIS SUMSe Tole Ar ees ok pee yen Ferg de PE ais as Bi doOn SMa itsotie sid deen orf | ation Tonesd 2 an ibest ye jbebseadcae “fy ‘he sand ond mime goaG ZO Over half of the plants cut off above the growing point will live; plants eut off below the growing point will die. If post-planting treatment is needed, use either 1/2 pound of actual dieldrin or 3 pounds of actual toxaphene. Concen- trate the spray as a band at the base of the plants, The more water you use per acre, the better the results will be. If possible, cultivate immediately to cover the spray deposit. Do not use dieldrin or toxaphene on dairy farms or allow the drift to reach dairy pastures or hay crops. For dairy ferms, use 2 pounds of actual carbaryl per acre. It will not be as effective as diedrin or toxaphene, but it should be of some help in controlling cutworms. Chinch bug nymphs can be found in thin stands of grain in a few east- central Illinois areas as far north as Joliet. They can also be found occasionally in cornfields where grain or grass was plowed down just before the corn was planted. So far these infestations are limited to areas where there has been comparatively little rain during the past weeks. If migration from small grain to corn appears imminent, you can apply 1/2 pound of dieldrin per acre as a barrier treatment. Apply it to a strip two rods into the grain and the same distance into the corn just as migration begins. Do not apply within one week of harvest. Dairy farmers should not use diedrin but might try one pound of carbaryl per acre on the corn. Direct the spray to the bottom half of the plants. Repeat applications may be needed during migration. The results will not be so satisfactory; with carbaryl as with dieldrin. Grape colaspis larvae are the small comma-shaped grubs often found on corn planted after clover or lespedeza, These worms eat the roots, causing the corn leaves to turn purple, a phosphate deficiency symptom. Damage has appeared on occasional fields this year; the larvae are almost full-grown, and plants should soon be growing away from the effects of this root pruning. White grubs eating the roots of corn present an even more difficult con- trol problem than the black cutworm. If you went to attempt control, apply 2 to 3 pounds of aldrin or heptechlor as a spray directly to the base of the corn plants. Cultivate immediately, throwing dirt up around the plents. This treatment will be only partly effective, but it may kill enough grubs to prevent severe damage and thus allow the plants to partly recuperate. Grasshoppers are now hatching. Hard, beating rains kill. the tiny "hoppers, but hatch will continue for about three more weeks and some undoubtedly will survive. Although we are not expecting any severe or widespread grasshopper infeste- tion, we know that some localized infestations may be severe. Since grasshoppers are usually concentrated in these small spots, they can be easily controlled now with a minimum amount of insecticide. If you observe high concentrations of small "hoppers, apply 3/4 pound of carbaryl, 1/2 pound of diazinon, 1 pound of malathion or 3/4 pound of naled per acre. Follow time intervals between application and crop harvest as listed on labels. Seed corn maggots have been reported from one field of soybeans. This maggot drills into the bean seed or into the tender sprout. Damage is most noticeable when corn or soybeans germinate slowly. It is usually too late for con- trol by the time it is discovered. j nit eénalg ed? to tis ys) bebascr hremat aang famy TL .elo Lf iy én tog gniworg siy woled Yto : to A eiriszored c SuMs bisl6 faudoe to bauer a\i rerfdte asa eis ts ored es ae yeuqe ond ody i) oO iy Bo oe ‘ToC san ‘luo ,sitiiesoy Ti .ad ifliw etivaer aft sodted sft .evor “uo aneigexot “o miahietd sex gor of .tisogqeb yerge ee tovtish vot 9 yal ~o sourtasgq. vrisb doser od Hhiab HotS 28 evivoatis ss ad von Iitv~tl .otos ted Lynedzaos ,aamewdsn saitlovtaos at gled amee to sd biyots t ay: nid dog td) ex 29018 SfogElil Landnso isss3 aiedw ebfettoroo mt ancitedeetal eeedé tet 08 eq addy nolvoh aier oLteks STBSGns wide of mise Disae meth fo WCegde el & to basog S\L. aAteys ada odnkt ebor eno aidtiw yiqas ton of aivhotii sess tom Bios ay soci yrisd > ONT fo s¥xos TS am scoitsoilags as iyrsdyso didi ait te hedasiq axao od sevestl mroo fi, ep aE q oe it Danolessaq ao ag veon eidd ‘so efostta sit mort yows patwors sd nove - twee acy vise D cae woe & id moidowg Low 3 senor =o edavog au sisvidipo ie 5 oneal elo . act wolts eps ~acinffodsl vor sis 23 : Was ttuods rot ithe doted god acoaed” ‘i wvivie Siw & yYLgqe .axsacorl* Si ese sian to Penvog i\e vac) 0 tetdarl es gesvred 1 Roe Hsse oa? Gtakl ealfish sogsar “EOS 0 moo nedw sldseotitud ai 2b amit edd wd Lov ee ee ee -3- Clover root curculios and clover leaf weevil acults are brown or gray snout beetles that often eat small soybean plants. This damage occurs to beans planted after clovers or beans in marginal rows next to a clover field that has been recently plowed. If needed, use 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre as 4 spray. Other insecticides may be equally effective. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. KKH KEKEK KKK Farm Advisers' Special Notice (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) Special corn borer and corn earworm meetings for farm advisers and in- secticide dealers: June 21 - Watseka - Jacksonville June 22 = Mommouth - Eureka - Edwardsville June 23 - Morrison - DeKalb Meet at the farm adviser's office at 1:00 p.m. FX KK EHH HK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E, White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey A. Cok Getz H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology XK KEK RK KH KK goltesd duos totis hednalq : 1 (linsost nesd foivosank redso sext griyiqqs sxotei :notsitsd w vino gon ais .anotiusosra [fe wolfot sebysssd subissy stentmifs I TOM) sotto Letoog® 'steeivbA myst std inn some — sbiotiose ua J ad “4 r f Se Le 2a 1S oF a is ah oft us - Me Re j 4 / : % reins . X ~ — - ‘ nird ‘. . a . Soon Ny NS ‘ j oe PM) a : \ Yo. . rk Noss ~ 4 At Sia: ¢ Cooperative Extension Service, University of ag Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE June 25, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 10 This is the tenth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the Uni- versity of Iilinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and coop- erating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These reports indi- cate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. European corn borer is less important now than it was last week. The storms of the past week killed many moths, especially through the centrai and north-central sections. Only these moths in highly protected areas were able to survive. Moth emergence is complete except north of Interstate 80, where a few pupae remain. In the area south of Route 136, egg laying is complete, and even the more advanced fields show only a light incidence of corn borer. It is unlikely that chemi- cal control will be needed in this area. In the area between Route 136 and Interstate 80, the percentage of fresh eggs is small, but a few eggs will still be laid next week. However, because a higher percentage of the corn is acceptable to moths for egg laying, the eggs will be scattered over many fields rather than concentrated in a few. Occasional fields in this area may justify treatment. In the area north of Interstate 80, egg laying will continue for another 10 days to two weeks. In general, corn growth here is below normal, so borer sur- vival will be low. Occasional early-planted fields show economic infestations. Watch these early-planted, more mature fields (over 50 inches), as moths will concentrate their egg laying here. First-generation corn borers are beginning to pupate in extreme scuthern Illinois. Three generations could occur in this section this year. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, count the per- cent of plants with recent whorl leaf feeding, and measure the tassel ratio of the field. To determine the tassel ratio, measure the height of the plant with leaves extended; split the stalk open and measure from the tip of the developing tassel to the base of the plant. Divide the tassel height by the plant height, and multiply by 100. This figure is the tassel ratio. If the tassel ratio is at least 35 (pref- erably 40 to 45) and at least 75 percent of the plants show recent whorl feeding, then treatment is justified. Use 1 pound of actual diazinon in granular form per acre or 1 1/2 to 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as granules. For spraying, use the same amount of actual insecticide per acre, and direct the spray to the upper third of the plant. Aerial applications should be granules, not sprays or dusts. Follow the label pre- cautions in harvesting and feeding treated corn. DDT can be used as granules or sprays, but not on or adjacent to dairy farms. Chinch bug nymphs are abundant in thin stands of grain and in thin spots of | thicker stands in east-central Illinois. They can also be found on corn where a grain | | | / or grass crop was plowed down before planting. Hot, dry weather favors chinch bug development; wet weather promotes the spread of a fungus disease that kills many of them. igs nt é oie to ydtavevial ,svivied golanasdxad svidaragood ; mgiW moitsyeqocd ak syutivelysA to ggoifod etontii{T ~t.,, -A.0.8.0 Bee youve yroterH Lexvedsl stomtlil oft PCL 2S ont ROATIAA TTATGHMME AT, enld sacle ze ak dénet eft ef atdTl ; fontftl at snotdeuste atoniSsI Yo ydtarev Se foness gutiers. tivitor fosanr at istanee yine sdso ,anoidtonos LssoL ci oo B amyvese act! .foew fest tay I NSAG WGss NSotc i geet £4 to10d cmro05 nsagoued favdasoe sou ane feytueo ots dauerds wilstooges .antom yosm Seflia asew tesq et To ; ; i mt anton seodt vind .enettose ryon vysoxs adelgmos ef sonsytSsne 4 “4 SBS ads at adloett Ssonevbe. hess ed {liw Lowtaos Lan seve adit gud =, Liane ak agas Jo sgatnsorse todgid wana “oye Sexedgisoe od sets atdd mr ot aysb OL: Iliw faviv ties seedy £ sue throat sara Fol HEME nogs WINGS { ddiw cineig Io ded Sri bors bLort sit ¢ ;babastxse BLq 2 io Sad dt etm it eior .OOL yd i as (ei! ot Os! vidsre tigedut et toendsert o abavog S of S\L £ totiosent Lemos to adeitsotiqgs Larrea 28 tt "aoneee stonotdst sla eaw qoyro eesra tO, qaiiteew gow ;dtnomoloveb Mans aoe If migration from small grain to corn appears likely, apply 1/2 pound of dieldrin per acre as a barrier treatment. Apply it in a strip two rods wide into the grain and the same distance into the corn just as migration begins. If the grain is being damaged and the entire field is to be sprayed, use only 1/4 pound of actual dieldrin per acre. Do not apply dieldrin within one week of harvest, and do not feed the straw to dairy cattle or livestock being fattened for slaughter. Dairy farmers should not use dieldrin but might try one pound of carbaryl per acre on the corn. Direct the spray to the base of the plants. Repeated treat- ments may be needed during migration,as carbaryl is not so effective as dieldrin. Thrips, which are tiny yellow or black insects (about 1/16 inch) with rasp- ing, sucking mouth parts, are common in the whorl leaves of corn. Their feeding ap- pears as tiny streaks of white on leaves. When thrips are abundant, the leaves take on a silvery appearance. The plants usually outgrow the damage, and rain helps. (Al- though it has not been verified, thrips must be listed as a potential vector for maize dwarf mosaic virus.) If control became necessary, carbaryl at 1 pound of actual chem- ical per acre should be satisfactory. Stored-grain insects: With the beginning of wheat harvest, stored-grain insects are preparing for the big feast. Prevent damage from these pests by sweeping up and cleaning out all old grain and other debris from inside and around the bin. Then spray all inside surfaces to runoff with 1.5% premium-grade malathion or 2.5% methoxychlor. Also treat the wheat, as it is being binned, with a liquid or dust form of premium-grade malathion. These three steps will insure insect-free wheat for a year or more. Bagworms have hatched and are attacking evergreens and other shrubs. In the central section, the worms are about 1/4 inch long and are enclosed in a brown, cone- shaped sack that they carry with them. Larger worms in their protective sacks are difficult to kill and in another two or three weeks spray results mey be unsatisfac- tory. Therefore, apply the sprays immediately if worms are present. An insecticide like malathion, carbaryl or diazinon will control bagworms. Follow the directions on the label for treatment. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- low all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate residue hazards. %¥ * & FX 8 ® RH Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey * %* ¥ ® 8% FF HK Steve Moore III Extension Specialist in Entomology as te Saveq S\I yicgs .¥fealri evssqgs oroo of mists Lieme mort noite gin t1 jni ebiw abot ows giuda a mi gi ylagA .sremtse nd +o mS & 28 eyvos teq akibioekb add ogy f ei nistea ofc Tih .entusd neldeyain as taut uyoo sig ogmk sonsderbh amse add bas sists festos to Savor #\I vino sau ,baysyge od oF at BLait eueane eid bas boysmeb gated. hest ton oh Suns ,sacvind to Neew eno ciddiw winbfisib vidas gen of .svos teq ottbIstb od S} “sitiguale sot baredde? anied doosaevil to eldteo ywiteb od wande eddt- fyrsdtso to &2u bferbh say ton bisote acomest yrisd -tgois Lodsed alg to sesd edd of ystga ands Foortd .atoo aft ao syoe tag ntauiteifk ae avitositts on gon el Iyysd+so as qoitevzim soatueb bebsen od yam edmon a~aasY ddiv jAdace oL\L tues} foidw ,agiadT “TSB Bifkveasl iwe3nt *HAGo TO eivsq digem amiaove ‘¢ QoL f and .dasbruds s to axteotse yaks as exyesd WLS ITT S yiovliz 8B 0 cesd soy asd sit dayvodt: {.avetiv ofseom trswb one stos weg Lact ¢ raye—fs-1 4 72S8 iiLaiy-betosa sh Susverd .daeseat aid eid sot gaiisqsitq iq 818 avosent eiydob tanto bre atews blo ifs two yatnselo bare qu Q.f Sdiv Worst of asastyye shiant fs yauda gent wated al ti as ,dsodv edt tesid ofA .roldoyKodden tw egote setds sesi? .noldtslem absitg-mimstg ‘to “210M to SRST w Jo goioniaed add ava enounsd 48 gafow sdd ,noisose Leudass oo yauid tsdd dose boqade ne af fas {Lid oF sLugsytib HE Eyorge one viggs .svotersdT -. trot v Seger P80 Hobos Ett obtns soste ifs wolf ebhyoaand oublesk: oten of of Ot se Pan Pam ee: 2.570 peas ,BYOcM evard .Wited .& .H yd Sotsqaerd taofomota nofensdxat © i atonglii ak sigooq atsworot od bedatoob & BYE Lov badetverdds tesague of Bas wdivigsos page Ht © gogo 9 Biuede feysivibar doad E (f j Od yore ee ot 2 snottsivgoq 3 aad ea sa! oF teiieaL mov nel & yd 8 isbrod sfigmon te ails fsus saane at legen a - TO ROYSSe AL Ssenvito oF mead esvd sit ,pyebh Of tesq sto acta £ ; 9 658 taoty az ifaw es ebosw seavs Boilin ovad oat. ; 8 bobs af yfbadsodex bie on oe 7 toe pleth to basog s\t a 88 ies eid offi aisvg to Nesw ono | "08 benettat gated. — ~. saad ent - {toe wol. — separ Wotad ; ‘ ee - 8T98 T8q gariuh bakeon ¢ yeni ad i foo vissi eee wHsow ov isesuous foa9 yer ae RCE yw shoud d tL anad tesy gid sabtres Vilaiy 1670 r ‘ fee Sigg tay yf tsa t melestonas baoose esitignoe of yiewit =0= appear in late August. No control measures are being recommended at this time. Half-grown worms can now be found in corn in central and north-central Illinois. Pupation for a second generation should take place the last week of July. Armyworm moths have been abundant around lights for the past two weeks in central Illinois. If they follow the usual custom, they will migrate north- ward to deposit eggs in grassy areas. Whether this oviposition will occur in Il- linois cornfields, as it did last year, remains to be seen. Black cutworm moths are also migrating northward. Where they will de- posit eggs also remains to be seen, but we do not expect a new generation to de- velop in corn this year. Scavenger beetles, commonly referred to as picnic beetles, are now emerg- ing and will soon be a nuisance in many areas. Areas that were dry in May should have fewer beetles than normal, while areas having moderate moisture or above should be more heavily infested. These beetles are about 1/4 inch long, are shiny black and have four yellow spots on their backs. Food odors attract them. They get into food at picnics and cookouts. They swarm onto overripe or injured fruits and vege- tables in gardens. They appear around garbage containers and on screen doors and kitchen windows. Keep vegetables and fruits picked, and dispose of overripe or damaged produce. Malathion or diazinon will give a degree of control on fruits and vegetables. Check the label for application directions for each crop. If you want to eat on an unscreened patio or on the lawn, it will help to apply malathion or diazinon on shrubbery in the morning. The odor will dissipate by late after- noon. Pyrethrins may also be used for control. Potato leafhoppers are small, wedge-shaped green insects that suck sap from alfalfa =s well as potatoes. Damaged alfalfa is yellow to purple and stunted. The yield of damaged alfalfa may be similar to that of undamaged alfalfa, but the quality is quite different. Damaged alfalfa makes stemmy, poor-quality hay. Damage from this pest is now showing up in centrel and north-central Tl- linois. After damage is apparent, cutting is the only answer, since the damaged growth will not recuperate. The new shoots will grow normally after cutting. If leafhoppers are numerous and damage is not yet apparent, apply 1 pound of methoxy- chlor per acre. Do not harvest for one week. House flies may soon become a nuisance now that many areas nave had some moisture. Control programs should be started now. Follow these three steps: (1) Praetice good sanitation; clean out fly-breeding areas, such as manure, rotting straw, wet hay and feed as cften as is practical (preferably once a week). (2) Ap- ply a barn spray material, such as dimethoate (Cygon), diazinon or ronnel (Korlan), to runoff on ceilings and walls of all iivestock buildings. Use only ronnel in poultry houses. Always cover all water and feed troughs before spraying, and do not spray animals. (3) You may also want to apply a supplementary spray bait, using the same insecticide mixed with corn sirup and water (2:1 ratio). Other insecticide baits may be used as supplements to good sanitation and barn spraying. This treatment will also control stable flies resting in and around livestock buildings. Steble flies and horn flies are numerous on pastured cattle in many areas. Face flies are still few in number but should increase from now until September. sites MMODSY Wied sts sexvenso foxrginos cH .tauavA sisi ait wwegd9s nm bas fendaso mi ctoa af base? ed won aso asrow mworg-Tiek s silot hivona Horsss sad eved adcom mrowyrrtA Wi aéfemilil Isitaes at oi @nys traogeb of Brow iT-as ,2bLoitates afoatl fever sag yerntonW .: .m99e ef of anise: . 33) visaw ows gesaq eis ict eddnrl Sravows Sadana é na _tnewel tror etidum srrowiyo wos le aY ov aitemex oefls agge tkeoq .tTeey eidd mroo ak qolev_ WOR OTS ae ; ad aocee {fiw Bae gat SHELOMT tian Pere Yswet oved i yviivaod stom sd fisy wot sved bas LATO OTTO 3 rotsota ts boot % —_ c= pad "2 Ons ero3cb nsatiee pit DNS syentatnos sesdres bayors was robyea mk astdes TO sgityevo to seoueib Bas ,Sedera aetiuct Res £ yoy Fy " eects redotixn gxt no foudeco tu gerneb # svin ifiey sortsetl wo noted: ral lia tntig bonameh gnotdsstrb soivseifags 9? .saidetdesov Dias [ilw +c .cwsl arf “209 ie ado tee od grew aa) 108 : j @ sD somessih ro QE tery .f00n cece ack ‘ Pind vo WO mi. if Layagneo af any mre ely mont spane oy ens* jas vd .oredeatom gotsoasd (£) vow .weire 2ated s wig nc Piosuy of b Ione .Beuikind + isn baoose & tot aoltaqud =o To control flies on pastured dairy cattle, apply 1 to 2 ounces of an oil-base spray of 2% ciodrin, 1.0% dichlorvos (DDVP) or 0.1% pyrethrin as needed. Pay particular attention to the legs and undersides when spraying. For pastured beef cattle, apply 0.5% toxaphene water-base spray at 1 to 2 quarts per animal every three weeks. Allow 28 days to elapse between treatment with toxaphene and slaughter. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. eX * EK KH HE X Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey A 8 Gill H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology *¥ * &® ¥ Xe He HER KE soiag ite aroma i. -bsbosr ae siudtoryy ie nabymene, ietbe ieceunnr he spe ot at oo £ te yasge osad-~redew enenqaxadt 2é.0 itera .iétao teed S¢ tromisstt saewsed saqgie ot ayst 8% wollA -edeow oot h Snes vilsetetso elsdsi ous bset , sigoarst guiviggs cafe {fiw tod ,ysetse Lenoatar i {fiw vino toa @: eee ae eR ES ogi! .4 sonal) bas Lisboed aessch Jexool aves? soetaos oe ewilveiinaa te siti ockian ers be aca a ered godonss eS ae ee ee ee west a ef getleisead notsagtx® WROL mA grat af 6522 THE LIBRARY a Tae 7m ) Cooperative Extension Service “Ve University of Illinois College of Agriculture JUL s “ner in cooperation with the Illinois Natural oe History Survey and U.S.D.A. URIVERSATY og HuNors FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 9, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. le This is the twelfth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general in- sect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impend- ing changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These reports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Chinch bugs are still migrating from small grains to corn but in general migrations are about completed. The rains this week undoubtedly killed many of the small red nymphs, and now nearly mature black nymphs and adult bugs are pre- dominant in most fields. The winged adults will soon fly to weak, thin spots in cornfields and to other grasses and sorghums. Here they will deposit eggs and another generation will develop. We can predict that a moderate to heavy second generation will develop and be demaging in an area bounded by a line from Joliet to Peoria to Paris to the Indiana border. Greatest numbers of bugs will be present in areas that had the least rain in the past month. Dieldrin provided excellent control of first generation. It cannot be used for second generation bugs in any fields except those to be used for cash grain. The organic phosphates such as diazinon and malathion were tried on first generation bugs and were comparatively ineffective. We used carbaryl (Sevin) as 80 percent sprayable at 11/4 pounds per acre and it was effective. This can be used on sorghums with no time limitation if it is to be used as forage, but allow an interval of 21 days between application and harvest for sorghum to be harvested as grain. Corn borer moths can be found in the southern tip of Illinois. About one- third of the first generation have now emerged as moths. This moth emergence will continue for at least two more weeks. The moths will deposit eggs for a second generation in fields now in pretassel to early silk stage. There undoubtedly will be a third generation in this area. Pupation has begun in central and south-central Illinois, and emergence of moths will begin in about two weeks. Moth emergence for a second generation in northern Illinois will not take place for three weeks. However, there has been some late emergence of moths from overwintering borers during the past ten days. At present, we do not expect a generally severe second generation corn borer infestation. Northern corn rootworm damage has been reported in a few fields where corn has been grown each year for several years and soil insecticides have been used annually. These white worms devour the corn roots. Such isolated instances indicate an enlargement of the resistant corn rootworm area we have reported during the past years. In most instances the worms are nearly mature and there will be little to gain by applying one pound of diazinon per acre at the base of the plants. If the worms are still small it may pay to make this application. A mature root- worm larva is about 1/2 inch long. So.ivree so alee avisertsqood ane ¢ JUL surckivetogA to 9 i ormpale 2 atomEltT to ys tenovin YS Ah a iswisll efloni fit t od? Atiw noidarsqocs at ee Gee a8) tag S YSaVINs. wrote ti HLARISS ELATCUMMT AOL Si .O% MITA 4 ares sino rsqaig .(b aton iff efgosg mrs bases phage s af ddtlawd oft af eh? i atoniiltT ak notisutte gaoe fi to ytiereviall onde nisas guitersqoos frre facies a _Bogrtedo oad A to sgolLot bongtasb ei 3: BOO at estos ded o aes agua domi) -9 dvods ars eanokteradn “BNS ,egayea Box ILeme sit abistt daom ac taemimob int ta Fam visor os Bosetw 108 ins 3 pas eblolinnoo ot a¢evs so oll ot sroanes radions RAL HSuBD ease, role¢eredes Brod saskh ad? o¢ eivel of sinost ot i 1G tect esets re bsbivoug iy aren sO% Hoass siiqeodc obusg to off tier woo axew bose enud go tisreanossy swe a TEq o8 iy amuiigyoe so boas - yeh IS to Lawrodnt ms tera as 3 to Drisdt 3 euntdnos | notis tentsg, | Sukdd ¢ od” sp eddonm CT ETBTILE aon oud aed ffbw edsom | MELE reraddxon | sosagioms otel | solttatsetat rored evSeLl.ag Sh Hasog Scio et sie oho, = . o» - macs wsin of ileme <0 SER tan saol doat S\f duods eb aviel mow Pom Fall armyworms have been feeding in the whorls of late corn. This insect which can be found deep in the whorl is the one which literally riddles the leaves of the corn plant. Several plants in one area of a field are attacked by worms. Ordinarily there is only one worm in each plant. The corn rapidly grows away from the damage. By contrast, true armyworms stay in the soil during the day and migrate up onto the plants at night stripping the leaves as they go. Common stalk borers are striped worms with a purple area on the middle of the body. They riddle corn leaves also and can be found deep in the whorl but only individual plants along fence rows, ditchbanks and grass waterways are attacked. Thus far none of these worms have been abundant enough to warrant the use of insecticides as a protectant. Spruce bud scales are mahogany-brown globular scales clustered at the buds and nodes of spruce. The eggs which have overwintered under the mature scales are now hatching in central and northern Illinois. Spray infested spruce trees now with two teaspoons of malathion concentrate in a gallon of water. This is one quart in one hundred gallons. Oak kermes (kermez) are the spherical scale insects now commonly found clustered at the base of new shoots of oaks, particularly bur oaks. Apply malathion as for spruce bud scale. Mimosa webworms attack the leaves of honey locust and mimosa. A small pale-gray to brown,active, striped caterpillar can be found in a bunch of leaves tied together with a silken thread. They skeletonize these leaflets and then form a new nest. The old nest turns brown and the leaves die. Those worms now feeding are the first generation. There will be a second and possibly even a third generation this year. Use malathion sprays as for spruce bud scale. Sprays of lead arsenate may also be used. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate insecticide residue hazards. KREREKEEEE Special Note to Farm Advisers (NOT FOR PUBLICATION) If you have reports of suspected rootworm resistance to aldrin or hepta- chlor, check the reports. If the field has been in corn for several years, has aiso been treated with soil insecticide almost every year, and you find rootworm larvae feeding heavily on the roots or you find dozens of green beetles feeding on the silks, let us know. We need to know about these instances now. KKEEREKEKEEK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randall and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey MOB Gl H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology KR IKEKIE ~Qu ae eines etd oi axivest aosd ovad earowyers [fst tits smo sid et fxoriw oft at goad Bruot 3d cen ode 8 ‘to sexs ono ni ctinesfa Tevevea .dnsla moo adt to WS eworn yt ans _ ab aa ast ak wed Fishes te etaalq oft ofao qu itiw acuow boginde ors ed ten hos o#ls esveel etusddosib ,awot sonst sgend to onon «tst andl ~tasdoadoug 3 as eshtottosent to ar i Yom on eet fe Bay std Jasyrew as Mauens JISE. ig Gi ee wee ahwd oda ea frecfa fay XSLUGOLS aye asfsoa Bad SMe) nee nen nn nrengrnnaremaieds epys POEs “To-ashor bre bye Levdies of antdotend wor exe relent +0 ancogeses ows Adiw aiolisy bexrbaud emo mr oro whet reidtelem “loot wees. (eso oe fe leroy: Q ¢ ds beredento. olssa birch gorge sot 2s Noss wesw saomil RIgCiy7TeS 2 ar a ot yerg-slsa beer? ses i 8 dstiw sodtogot daar Sfo ei? teen ortsiares dexntl odd E es ayant - ine sieettiait moa .esey aint a whee ed outs Yam 3 swotss tnotéus AEE ae Keo ad Lis woLfLot | fasy abtottossnt oteatatle | IT TADLISOL ay at. Soe ivi oA yet og = es Ls “Co J ve Bioltos LE : yw ub Va hd . ieee od Po 3 Cooperative Extension Service, University of 7 Illinois College of Agriculture, in Cooperation with the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 30, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 15 This is the fifteenth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the Uni- versity of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and co- operating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These reports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to deter- mine local conditions. Fall armyworms are the brown to dull green smooth-skinned worms that can be commonly found in cornfields. These worms feed in the whorl, giving plants a ragged appearance as the leaves emerge. These fall armyworms, which appeared earlier than usual (Bulletin No. 12), have increased greatly, and larvae are easy to find in 3 to 5 percent of the corn- fields in the southern half of the state, with the greatest infestations south of Highway 50. Fields in the pretassel or earlier stages have from 10 to 80 percent of the plants infested. In some fields the worms have already matured and left the plants; in others, the worms are still small; in still others, eggs, all sizes of larvae, pupae and adults are present. Many fields will completely recuperate, while others may be noticeably damaged. Before applying control measures, be sure that the worms are still present and that most of them are not more than one inch long. If the majority of the worms are one inch long or longer, they are about mature and their feeding is over. Several materials will kill these worms if they can be reached deep in the whorl. Carbaryl (Sevin) granules or diazinon granules should provide control with a minimum interval between application and harvest as ensilage, stover or grain. DDT or toxaphene granules can be used if the corn is to be used only as grain. We empha- size the use of granules if the worms are moderately deep in the whorl, since the granules may penetrate the whorls better than a spray. If the worms are high in the whorls, then sprays will give adequate control. Corn hybrid seed producers especially should be concerned about this fall armyworme It is the worm that often attacks seed corn just before harvest and scars the top of the kernels. (However, mice and earworms will do the same thing.) To avoid damage, look for the gray scaly egg masses of the fall armyworm., Examine the plants and be ready to apply carbaryl or DDT as a spray in mid- to late August (do not use DDT on dairy farms), We cannot at this time provide any better timing infor- mation. Corn leaf aphids are decreasing in the southern half of the state, particu- larly in the earlier maturing corn. The sticky honey-dew secretions and the white cast-off skins of the aphids are present, but aphid populations in these fields are low. Infestations may develop in some of the later maturing fields. In the northern half of the state, aphid infestations are increasing rapidly. In some fields, 100 percent of the whorls or tassels are infested. At to Ywrerevia’ pon tvrst fokensixe ovitsrsqcod i fol pol t 5 £09 efor tit \" a: fonrLfl oct af = one Tt att ar git “ekonil£l at soktsudce eloailil to ywtrtaersv -episnesss antterogo dosant ak asanedo fevares ylno steorbai spor tacos LssolL orto ots ancowyirs List Pocnoaaceneatiee Snes period ianie st irresay on ~2nLskinros ai Sivek yinomnoo od ot add as sonstseqqs DSAQLTS 3 stat Wee 42s5L'. © DBT fi Suit cednele LANG SSRIRE — ed yen slush OW 7 bate oes " LW soe canes 29 Hse nec mes wTSnMtol «xe Pe eects Letvadaal pectrs0 «Crock odak mumbo to ansiqexog “x6 gay od sate yan es Lunsy3 edd .afssocw aft tuods pemroonca ed Bi praa h @ 7 id oe ew ge", cSuenisn DLOVS Is bt es vor aa ooh Mord em a 5 hes oD wt Boe ot Sak ibaa eae Te a enolrdsrasia oWOs. dn deAhigh GTALGEMME HOW 225 Very severe infestations of aphids may result in barren plants and shriv- eled ears. As a rule of thumb, value of control, except under extreme infestations, is questionable if corn is pollinating or has pollinated, However, if corn is pre- tassel or younger and 25 percent or more of the whorls are severely infested, control may be profitable. In general, we believe that corn leaf aphids present a greater problem to the seed producer than to the commercial grain producer. Both 1 pound of phorate (Thimet) and 1.25 pounds of diazinon as granules in pretassel corn provided excellent control in tests this past week. Sprays of diazi- non, malathion, mevinphos (Phosdrin) and parathion will control these aphids. Do not use phorate if it was used as a soil insecticide, and even then do not apply later than whorl stage. Mevinphos and parathion sprays should be applied only by operators prepared to use protective clothing. Phorate granules can be used by the individual, but extreme care must be taken when handling. Diazinon granules can be used to within 2 days of harvest, malathion to within 5 days, parathion to within le days and mevin- phos to within 1 day. Corn borer moths have been depositing eggs in late cornfields in the south- ern fourth of Illinois for some time. The average is about 15 egg masses per 100 stalks. In general, second- and third-generation borer populations will probably be higher this year than last. Pupation of first-generation borers in the northern third of the state varies from 25 to 75 percent, with emergence just starting. First-generation populations are lower than in previous years, so we do not expect a second-generation corn borer problem. Spider mites are present in some soybean fields in south-central Illinois. These tiny mites rasp the undersurfaces of leaves, giving them a mottled appearance. In addition, they spin webs on the undersides of the leaves. These mites increase during dry weather. The best control is carbophenothion (Trithion), which can be used to within 7 days of harvest of beans as graine Spotted alfalfa aphids are present in numbers in alfalfa fields in southern Illinois. If dry weather continues, damage could become severe. One pound of mala- thion, 1/2 pound of diazinon or 1/4 pound of demeton can be used. Do not apply diazi- non within 10 days of harvest. Do not apply demeton more than once per cutting or within 21 days of harvest. Potato leafhopper damage has become more apparent in alfalfa fields. Some reports of severe damage to this year's seedings have been received. Malathion or methoxychlor will provide control. Unfortunately, it will do little good to kill the leafhoppers after they have been feeding for some time. They inject a toxin into the plant which produces the purpling, yellowing and stunting. Northern corn rootworm adults are becoming more numerous. They are the green beetles that feed on corn silks. This insect is showing signs of general re- sistance to the soil insecticides. White grubs are still feeding on soybeans, and patches of dead beans in fields are getting larger, Little can be done to control this pest. aA sree bole eldsenoktaapyp ef aS Sore ysanroy ro Losesd eaidsetitorg sd yen OM SO S Sneestg eb steoubora utays Le busog £ ditog Sopkverd ro abs sg es. SLSM. fOr ns eh in ave Oe Se UM oe gp fade Sogn see SUD ae FLAT EW OF vor stetod moo exists it cody rl LIST TSIx ey SED es mae iserense- bao 5 dooqxse ae seertl! E}EDBS ot aw Seo. soeiioh wsacotioss ps ae oe Lanteceanat cweremarenn ro ba -3- Simyra henrici, an orange and brown spiny caterpillar, is common in corn- fields throughout the state. It eats the leaves of corn, but has been more of a curiosity than a serious pest. Bagworms are now evident in evergreens. In some instances it is too late to control them; but if the worms are still small, use carbaryl, lead arsenate, mala- thion or toxaphene sprayse Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- low all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate insecticide residue hazards. ¥ Xe XHKKKX KK KK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey i i i i A AE. et H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology EE — 8% eat tt rites oe ba) ca, a ak gnobiea wor aerey SINC OK StS altow ood spo tdyad eR i ene ifs wol ani acsr WT .a eenevsl Bis Llobasl soouof cooM owsd8 .yddel .&@ J vd bersqerd eyo luo tes Chas : i ookenedxad Cooperative Extension Service, University of GAKVERSITY GF ILLINGIS Bie 7 Illinois College of Agriculture, in Cooperation with . oe the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE August 6, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 16 This is the sixteenth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the Uni- versity of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and co- operating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These reports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to deter- mine local conditions. Western corn rootworms were found in numbers in one field of corn in west- ern Illinois this week. There was no commercial. damage to the corn, but it was quite easy to collect dozens of beetles. Whether or not there are other similarly infested fields is a matter for conjecture; however, individual specimens were also found in three other fields. This rootworm is new to Illinois and is the one that has caused the severe problems in western Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota, as well as in localized areas in Missouri and Minnesota. The beetles in those states are highly resistant to the soil insecticides aldrin and heptachlor, and the beetles collected in Illi- nois are probably also resistant. We can see no reason for farmers -to become excited at this time. Larval damage by both northern and western corn rootworms is over and wil’. not occur again until next year. We will have an opportunity to examine research results of control methods obtained by other states before next year, and no control measures can be applied now. Northern corn rootworm adults are abundant in.some fields, but in a survey of 30 fields we found only two that had large numbers of beetles. In neither case was resistance to soil insecticides involved. We do expect, however, to run into. some problems of resistance. Corn leaf aphids continue to be a problem. ~- Unless a high percentage of the plants are severely infested, we do not believe it will be profitable to apply in- secticides to fields that are already pollinated or are pollinating. Plants in pre- tassel or younger can be damaged more readily. Phorate granular applications of two weeks ago-have continued to be effec- tive in preventing aphid build-up, but the diazinon granular applications have begun to break down and aphid populations in these plots are increasing. Sprays of diazi- non, malathion, mevinphos (Phosdrin) and parathion will also control these aphids. Do not use phorate if it was used as a soil insecticide, and even then do not apply later than whorl stage. Mevinphos and parathion sprays should be applied only by operators prepared to use protective clothing. Phorate granules can be used by the individual, but extreme care must be taken in handling. Diazinon granules can be used to within 2 days of harvest, malathion to within 5 days, parathion to within 12 days and mevinphos to within 1 day. to ydtareviad ,eolvre® notensdxS ovidereqood a nk .sutLvorisA to syeflod atom lit ee .U bas yeviue qrovalH Lede etoniLil ontt bog eee G9Gi 3 daugeA HARING MTALCUMME AOL TTSLIUE YEVAe ™ af Cay ks 2 Ly y9iey ott so antieLliud yhloew to selves 8 ak diénssdxbscedt ek aid? wha ant to ares ee aa page Iq eae avooant dingtt) eslomEL0t mt a. 3 ie cot pee to utters gaboneys guntereno os dosent ak aeynacto stonsg veo. efeatbnt sccottibnes Lseol srie atoatf ‘ut een ares os Lovdaoo Phi iverdds s20% ore zoero SFuods Les iythat 4 fLOsm iret aewe tre wesw eid F etonbLey ae enesod cog ot Yass’ cot vedten s el abfert. »whIskt « ae sould J avewor 3s wen of asrrowdcont eal whi o8/ porsnsM pra “ Pry en : Pre cae aes raoank oo. ost od f x ws r 1 « r, bs £ ~OMET o bat fowa aeooe MIT Ot C2 sy of see gen oW dod yd gut aad tesa Orde ihetdo aborldait qi "s rie eSyree aay ht fhe 27 Fem ae fL5D 2 nase Bie OF ; oh a ae lasy ,oonstefasy to esreLdorg tat ylovrevse oxs ednelg ; itase OTs ae ster So et e"r¢ a a3 rtw' ob . seons kadeveq i croyes BM ft . oy eel ads Faty te r Sot ene ot “Os Corn borer moths are common in the northern half of Illinois, and egg masses can be found particularly in fields of later maturing corn. About 90 percent of the first-generation worms have pupated, and two-thirdsof them have emerged. Although we do not expect severe corn borer damage, second-generation corn borer feeding will be evident in many fields. Fall armyworms are now appearing in a few late cornfields in the northern half of the state. These worms are small and not numerous. But moths will be abun- dant during the next three weeks and will be depositing gray scaly masses of eggs on corn leaves. These egg masses contain 50 to 100 eggs and can be found on the under- sides of leaves. They attack the whorl and later the ear. Several materials will kill these worms if they can be reached deep in the whorl. Carbaryl (Sevin) granules or diazinon granules should provide control with a minimum interval between application and harvest as ensilage, stover or grain. DDT or toxaphene granules can be used if the corn is to be used only as grain. We empha- size the use of granules if the worms are moderately deep in the whorl, since granules may penetrate the whorls better than a spray. If the worms are high in the whorls, then sprays will give adequate control. Seed producers should be on guard, as this insectas well as corn earworms and mice will scar the tips of the kernels of seed. To avoid damage, look for those gray scaly egg masses of the fall armyworm. If they are present be ready to apply carbaryl or DDT as a spray in mid- to late August (do not use DDT on dairy farms). At this time we cannot give any better timing information. Elm leaf beetle larvae are defoliating Chinese elms. They are the second generation and can be controlled with carbaryl, DDT or lead arsenate sprays. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- low all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate insecticide residue hazards. xX KX KKH KK Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E, White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey AOE Gil H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology KKK KKK KX KX MOMENOD SSS Bf o ablolt ak sd mes any Save ma ton of Yi Toebive : IBTSMS © eee = .SReb to —— a STE SLeLow Nee —_* i SHS BAS ,atede addy gatuh disk pesuT ,.paveed mazos eUOVEE 2 aob fr " e are! aty Fh - eid wads LE am 13 » abiverng Bivola gol eousiian mes Sayed afs web eld Nak 29 sw entity spent appear SMES Tacs sbLottos ; seed So ew SEGe ae 632-2 sare Ci Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation with the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE August 13, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 17 This is the seventeenth in a series of weekly bulletins on the general in- sect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These re- ports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Corn leaf aphid control with insecticides will probably not pay from now on, as infestations are declining. Shortly after pollination, corn plants become less favorable for aphid survival. Winged ahpids develop and leave the plants; most of the wingless ones die. Also, both larvae and adult lady beetles that devour quanti- ties of aphids each day are abundant in many fields. This week occasional fields averaged as high as 20 or more lady beetles per plant. Other predators are also pres- ent. Brown swollen, hardened aphids that have been killed by a wasp parasite are also numerous. A fungus disease is also killing aphids. Hard rains have helped in control. Only extremely late fields of corn not yet pollinated and not having these natural controls will profit from insecticides. Several non-related observations can be made. The white specks remaining on aphid-infested plants are the cast-off skins of aphids. The green maggots are larvae of flower flies; they eat aphids. The sticky material on the corn leaves is the aphid secretion called honeydew. The blackened appearance is a mold that grows on this sugary honeydew. Some fields have many plants that were actually coated with aphids and the tassel leaves turned brown. Many of these plants are stunted, the internodes are shortened, and the leaves are yellow mottled. When cool weather ar- rives this fall, such plants will turn purple, closely resembling those infected with maize dwarf mosaic. Thus severe damage by aphids may be confused with maize dwarf mosaic infection. Northern corn rootworm adults are very common in many cornfields throughout the northern half of Illinois. These small green beetles are thick in some fields, and they eat the silks of the corn. If pollination has occurred, the most they will do now is to eat the tip of the ear, If pollination has not taken place, several beetles per silk can interfere with pollination. (We refer to beetles on all silks of one ear, not several beetles on one individual silk. We are sorry that we were not more explicit last week.) So if there are several beetles per silk and pollina- tion is just beginning, an application of carbaryl (Sevin) or diazinon may pay. Southern corn rootworm adults are also known as spotted cucumber beetles. They are yellow to green beetles with about 12 spots on their backs. Their young also eat corn roots, causing the plants to lodge. The beetles also eat corn silks, but ordinarily the problem is not so severe as with northern corn rootworm. Three pests of soybeans may soon be evident. Bean leaf beetles are red, green or yellow beetles that ordinarily, but not always, have black spots on their wings. Green cloverworms are green worms with white slripes, and they jump when ‘To ywietevint ,sclvret woLeretxt svidersqood we noldsreqaqd ¢ ap wert iuot ae bas eyoitod a beac ag A.C.2.7 Sue ysrard yrote tt Cewirdell elon kLly eng eaef ff vaeqwaé MARIS S i ee itnssegeven bet we abe? b Shere) Bt Loti 8 ak age fe pieties sonra - & IMT Que ee ed Oey ec or ep he e 1 BO fo eS SEE Vaid soe Galoves gh Pavi Bidete sot ofdsiovet vod .ontk «pe sence gaetauiw edt: og v¥ab dosa ebfels tho gerd exo ya Of oe uid as bsssteva besebuadt .ccitowe nwowl whee A ,euoxernut coals sixe win howtos g litw sioutnas Leven aegovad Hoo astal- Badge ito n> It to savcal soos Bises orit WweeguE Sidr wo eth Bre ; abincrs aus eshorrediik 22 LSE enti novity Te Sti i rxsdivron sag ht 582 Nee Gis “ }.. fe 3? re] 9 2 o & Su WOLESY, os disturbed. They seem to bounce around on the ground when knocked from the plant. Garden webworms are green worms with black spots that web the undersides of leaves. The beetles eat holes in the leaves and feed on blossoms and pods; the green clover- worms eat the edges of leaves, giving the plants a ragged appearance; and the webworms skeletonize the leaves. Carbaryl or toxaphene should adequately control all three, although an insecticide is recommended only under extreme infestations. Corn earworm moths are now appearing and will lay eggs on fresh silks. Fall armyworm moths are also increasing in number. Hybrid seed corn producers should watch for these insects and their eggs and be prepared to apply control measures if necessary. Crickets should not be so abundant this fall as they were a few years ago. However, if migrations increase, an application of chlordane to the outside founda- tion of the house will help to control these pests, although they may enter the house before they die. For details about foundation sprays, ask your county farm adviser for Circular 887, "Keep Outdoor Pests Out of Your House." Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- low all precautions. ‘his not only will insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate insecticide residue hazards. x Xe KK KH KH KX Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey Kee Ke HH RK KH WB. Cet H. B. 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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE August 20, 1965 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 18 (FINAL ISSUE) This is the eighteenth and final issue in a series of weekly bulletins on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by ento- mologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural His- tory Survey and cooperating agencies. It is designed to forewarn people in Illinois of impending changes in insect activity and to suggest abbreviated control measures. These reports indicate only general trends. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Corn leaf aphids are being killed by parasites, predators and disease. Fields observed this week showed from 20 to 90 percent mortality of aphid populations. Insecticide treatments will no longer be needed to control this pest. Chinch bugs were observed damaging spots in cornfields and may also be nu- merous in such grasses as millet, sudan and sudan-sorghum crosses in eastern Illinois. Most of them are second-generation nymphs, but some first-generation adults are still present. Carbaryl at 1 1/b pounds per acre has proved effective against chinch bugs. Fall armyworm damage is now evident in many late-maturing cornfields. Some fields of corn still in the whorl stage or just now tasseling showed 70 to 80 per- cent feeding damage. However, many of the worms are full grown (1 1/4 inch) or have already left the plant to pupate in the soil. Unless at least 20 to 25 percent of the plants still have worms less than one inch long, treatment is not justified in field corn. Carbaryl or diazinon as granules will provide control. Allow two days to elapse between treatment with diazi- non and harvest of the corn for ensilage, stover or grain. Carbaryl has no waiting period. Corn borer moth emergence is complete in the central and western sections and is nearing completion in the northern section of Illinois. Egg laying will con- tinue for another two or three weeks, but we do not expect severe corn borer damage. Occasional fields of late-maturing corn may be damaged, since moths will concentrate their egg laying here. Fields averaging one egg mass or more per plant can be profitably treated at first hatch with either carbaryl (Sevin) or diazinon as granules. Special Note to Seed Producers: Corn earworms are now hatching in many cornfields in central and northern Illinois. Moth egg-laying activity has increased this past week, but the overall infestation should be less than that of last year. These second-generation worms are hatching from eggs laid on the silks, Seed pro- ducers may wish to protect their late-maturing fields with sprays or dusts of DDT or carbaryl. Make the first application when the field is in full silk, and treat again seven days later for best results. Some fall armyworm and corn borer are also in ear tips. neh im 20 WOE ae fe of: Larenay ork *Luoies!. Lick a ys av i est to atatgofon regdo ebfer' “i hist itooanl Ted floe Mf eLrotran ee » ALS to Fach PL Ste BO tne a6 evra fy orr cn tel awe weet NA te noo to sbhioi4 snliset dnes ai? dial vbs ole : Senet Has ron sterstare odo ou 1S. af Tyrese °C! =. Garden webworms are green worms with black spots that can be found feeding in alfalfa, where they strip the leaves and web them together. In severe infesta- tions, new seedings of alfalfa may be killed. If the worms are numerous and damaging plants, apply 1 1/2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) per acre. There is no waiting period for carbaryl. Face flies increased in numbers on pastured cattle this past week in the northern half of the state. A continued build-up can be expected for the next three or four weeks. To control face flies on pastured dairy cattle, apply 1 to 2 ounces of 2.0% Ciodrin as often as needed. For pastured beef cattle, use 5.0% toxaphene in oil in a head oiler or back oiler. Allow 28 days to elapse between treatment with toxa- phene and slaughter of the animals. Ronnel and phenothiazine as feed additives are not effective in reducing adult face fly numbers. Mosquitoes are troublesome in many areas, To reduce this nuisance around your home, follow these suggestions: (1) Eliminate standing water that may accumu- late in eave troughs, old tires, children's toys, cans, etc. (2) Spray the shrubbery and tall grass with a 1.0% malathion water-diluted spray. To mix, use two ounces of the 50-57% malathion emulsion concentrate per gallon of water. Repeat the applica- tion in two weeks if needed. (3) Keep screening on all doors and windows in good re- pair. (4) In addition, hang plastic resin strips (2" x 10") containing 20% dichlor- vos (DDVP) at the rate of one strip per 1,000 cubic feet, or about one per room. These strips are effective for four to six weeks. The dichlorvos vaporizes, slowly killing mosquitoes, gnats and flies. These strips are safe to use around children and pets. An 0.1% pyrethrin space spray, fine mist or fog may be used indoors for quick knockdown in place of the dichlorvos resin strips. Repeat treatments will be needed with the pyrethrin. (5) When entering mosquito-infested areas, apply a repel- lent to exposed parts of the body. The best mosquito repellent is DEET (diethyl toluamide ). Fleas are causing problems to returning vacationists. The adult fleas have developed from the worm stage in dog or cat beds or resting areas. The worms will hatch in such places as rugs or upholstered furniture and in dirt in flower and shrubbery beds from eggs laid by adult fleas that drop from the dog or cat. Hungry adult fleas will spread throughout the entire house and yard. For control, treat areas where fleas occur with carbaryl (Sevin) or mala- thion as a dust or spray. The dog or cat can also be treated with the same material. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and fol- low all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also elimi- nate insecticide residue hazards. eR K RX KKK RX Prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell and Clarence E. White Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey x Ke K KK KHKHK KK WCB Cathe H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology ae aero em er mal coe ~ sage SIS sitvowdsyw wobisd ae sees ee rele ro vetw ,stisifis o£ agiibos, wen .anory 6 ,otrnelgq ~lyrsdrss x0't evtocgn vd besakinaos aromt askit sped weatodu od to Tled seedtrort ~adsew “tot “ro fstvtess ITE BE t Loadnoo of tedto as akebold P0.S fro qofte bse s ak ) xetaguale bos srtaric yostis tos rn Ponveypyne-3 . P he Paw a tf amozeldyors sus eeodtinacl ree SL wollot smo! O ee ips -. < eee = <1 c ¥ s Sao y 3 id Ei ote 7 B ; Ss HH Oo © G) 2 a “4 bed “tt 09 a mo =i a ¢ O-o hemes st ge 24) a a chy sty “OG 1 +5 a + ae x pe wm td yo ON od z ‘ ha iss ‘s oh 2 os ; &@ Pt / Rar reins sal 2 & Oo t4 O fi ca 5 = tf c en oo _ -_ a = a > oO 9 fx} tt &! tH Q List ai a be c 1 © a ssa G Y tal ~ ‘ td ay eee pyre oe If you wait too long to decide to treat, it may be wiser to cut the alfalfa early, remove the hay, and then treat the new growth. Clover leaf weevil larvae are also green worms with stripes down their backs, but they feed on clovers and alfalfa during the night and hide in the ground cover during the day. In some instances they are abundant in western and south- western Illinois, but no damage was observed this past week. If the weather re- mains warm, the crops will outgrow the damage and a fungus disease will kill these larvae. No control is presently needed. European corn borer survival was higher than normal this past winter. The area south of Highway 40 had the highest overwintering borer populetion in Illinois. White grubs may injure the roots cf crops planted in fields where corn or soybeans were severely damaged last year. These gruts will mature and stop eating by late May or early June. If you plant corn in fields that had white grub damage last year, apply up to 3 pounds of actual aldrin or heptachlor per acre and disk it in immediately. If you plant soybeans in such a field, do not use aldrin or heptachlor; wait until after the first week in June to plant beans. Spring cankerworms will be hatching soon and stripping the leaves of elms and other deciduous trees. Often these worms do not even wait for buds to unfold before starting to feed. They may partly or completely strip the foliage in a short time, For best results, spray the tree while the worms are still small with either carbaryl (2 1b. 50% wettable powder per 100 gal. water) or lead arsenate (4 lb. per 100 gal. water). Clover mites are reported to be causing annoyance in some homes. These mites are tiny orange to black, moving specks about the size of the period at the end of this sentence. They cover furniture, walls, window sills, etc., in attempt- ing to find their way outdoors. Pick them up with a vacuum cleaner or use a space spray containing 0.1% pyrethrin. Before fail, remove grass and weeds next to the foundation, leaving a strip of bare soil at least 18 inches wide. Replanting this strip to such flowers as zinnia, marigold, chrysanthemum, rose, and salvia, which do not attract clover mites, will prevent clover mite problems next year. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. * + *# KF This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Ran- dell, and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Illi- nois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and coopera- tors who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology HBP :SM:RR:CEW:be ~ oog tiow voy tT st cent bas ,yed sdt evomer .ylise tafe ae Oe Ok ~Udwors vena and LOW Livasy “eat s9vol9 t eis 3 avevely > hoot ved dud ,adosd fi dnabauds sts yous sesuateari amoe of .yed oft yobah revos stesw Teaq 3: vieedo aaw sesmsh as Fes! ,afont oll avetesw B Lie exoeh ett worgiwo fliw aqeds off .artew enism ssavitet OED) sexe off -e@bon Et (Tt Bre mee tecture SOL “Lees CAME TES OF tr wee to ebayog ¢ od ap YASS TO ic pss 42 ean Ney, Lae PERE re HETTOW'T tao Bite ee ee ete ee el eee od YEuTe ativeay wy reeset Y sx TVS oL0 coe ere cir neiey avant Macs EI ge ,iwolsphagsoy SBA tama args [hee tee Vee A ads ia): Ase GAT oie ch soew Penk? ony ae te . ,asatt asvoulrosb yosito Bas) , agne te ‘wre aodtim: ro Ags Tnf Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 29, 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 2 This second weekly bulletin of 1966 on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated con- trol measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. The alfalfa weevil is seriously damaging alfalfa fields in an area south of Highway 13. Infestation and damage vary considerably from field to field, but it is obvious that treatment is already too late for some fields. In many fields the terminal leaves are completely destroyed, and the larvae are now feeding on the lower leaves. Overwintering adults are still laying eggs and will continue to do so for several weeks. Some larvae are just beginning to pupate (feeding stops in this resting stage) but, with continued egg laying, populations of larvae can be expected to remain high for the next two or three weeks. In the area between Highways 13 and 50, the infestations are lower, but some fields are showing as high as 50% terminal feeding. Fields showing 75% or more terminal feeding and live larvae should be treated immediately. Serious damage can occur within a few days after the 75% feeding level is reached, so treatment must be made promptly. Some fields may need to be retreated in two or three weeks if problems recur. However, by that time it may be wiser to cut the alfalfa, remove the hay and then treat the new growth. Parathion or azinphosmethyl (Guthion) at 1/2 pound per acre is effective, but because both are toxic they should be applied only by experienced applicators. Azinphosmethyl should not be applied within 21 days of harvest or more than once per cutting, and parathion should not be applied within 15 days of cutting. If you wish to make your own applications and temperatures are prefer- ably above 60°, use 1 pound of malathion per acre or a commercially prepared diazinon-methoxychlor mixture. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per acre when spraying. There is no waiting period between application of malathion and harvest. Allow one week to elapse between application of diazinon-methoxychlor and harvest. For pastures, use malathion or the diazinon-methoxychlor mixture. You can put animals right back on pastures sprayed with malathion, but wait one week when using diazinon-methoxychlor sprays. Clover leaf weevil are large, tightly curled green worms with white stripes down the back that hide at the base of both clover and alfalfa plants during the day. They can be easily confused with alfalfe weevil larvae. The clover leaf weevil larva has a tan to brown head, while the alfalfa weevil larva has a black head. Parasites and a fungus disease have in the past killed many clover leaf weevils, preventing serious buildups. The rapid growth of alfalfa and red clover is encouraging, as it enables plants to recover rapidly. No seri- ous damage by this insect has yet been observed. isgenstxd evistaysgoecd rs ee nA to saeifed atoniii{t AE bee yYevrnd yrotali Ceyutell eftoent Ili eds S$ .Ch WITHLIVE YEVRUR TAIeKT i L to micailed yinesw Daosss aLAT atachondene “iB Bowsqenc .(betasoxs aedfsank disss't) atometsr anidatesc wroserH is u ft ,atudgiueizsaA 3¢ susf{lod atenr£f[I wis efontlir , fos Fosani af eanewt Letoney aiticqey ,aebonegs subivibrt dost .estvesem fort -anoidibaos WfO5 bose : Sf Nogde blrerde presen ered COMETS Cal elas ae? ei tivoow stistfs oAT satgstestul .&f yewdait to dssvs dsdt evoivde ai tf P elqggco oss egevael Lsnimyed ode ive eis etiubs opens »soveol towol adit f gevin! emoG .exeew Lussvee rot oa ob o¢ aint mi agocge atosgse ed aso L Lftw oss anas saiyel cS Od aotauined g suged goats edd alt r pp a Ledirgroae 8 a 5 1) hedsert i fovel gethest botsgiter ad og haon teeiv od yam tf omtt itworg “Vis a. avs djod saysosd dud 2 IoitomaodantsA endisive rsq ” apeiieeht wtescvisd bree nolidisieam ger 20 Tu nSY 0% Hinks efasiis duc ass idenenonisst&’ nales sediw at re Sant bn28 2idd wl ausmeh suo Jf es 2amtiz = ryan fo Tay BSS finid es natvode ovs shlott smoe aos Armyworm moths are becoming more abundant. They migrate northward from the states to the south of Illinois. Migrations wiil continue for several weeks. This cool, wet weather is favorable for ermyworms, The moths will be laying eggs for the next few weeks. The early moths lay eggs in timothy and bluegrass fields, while moths arriving later lay eggs in winter barley, rye, and wheat in that order. It is too soon to predict the abundance of armyworms by the extent of moth flight. Accurate predictions can be made only by the number of worms in the fields by the middle to latter part of May. Black cutworm moths have also been appearing at our light traps for the past two weeks. The wet weather favors worm development. It will be necessary to observe cornfields beginning in early to mid-May to determine the extent of cutworm populations. Low, wet areas and poorly drained sections in a field are the preferred sites for black cutworms. Face flies were observed in low numbers on pastured cattle for the first time this week. These are overwintering adults that have recently come out of hibernation. They will mate and begin laying eggs for the first generation due to arrive about the end of May. Face fly numbers have been declining steadily since 1962, and there is no reason to expect any serious problems this year. Time will tell. Aphids and mealy bugs are presently attacking some hawthorne trees. The aphids are small, green sucking insects that congregate and feed on developing buds and leaves. Tiny white cocoons on the trunk are an indication of mealy bugs. If the insects are numerous, a spray using 2 teaspoons of 50-57% malathion emulsion concentrate per gallon will effectively control both types of insects. Ants are now entering homes in search of food. To prevent them from entering, spray the outside foundation with 2 percent chlordane or 1/2 percent dieldrin. Buy the liquid emulsion concentrete and dilute it with water to the proper strength. Spray the foundation to the point of runoff from the sill to the soil. Aiso spray two or three inches of soil next to the foundation wall. Spray cracks or expansion joints along porches and around steps. In houses with crawl spaces, it would be best to treat along the inside of the foundation wall as well as the outside. Do not spray near wells or cisterns. Do not spray shrub- bery or flowers, as the oil may burn the foliage. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This not only will insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. * *¥ &* ¥ HF HH H This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Tllinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and coopera- tors who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. 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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 6, 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 3 This third weekly bulletin of 1966 on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey, and cooperating agencies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated con- trol measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Alfalfa weevils have seriously damaged alfalfa fields south of Highway 13. Overwintering adults will continue to lay eggs, so populations of larvae can be ex- pected to remain high during the next three weeks. It is too late to treat fields where the terminal leaves and lower leaves of the plants are almost completely de- stroyed. Cut the alfalfa and remove the hay, then immediately apply an insecticide to protect the new growth. The sooner you remove the hay after cutting, the better the weevil control will be. You will remove many eggs and kill many larvae. In the area between Highways 13 and 50, infestations are lower, and feed- ing damage is not as noticeable. Each field must be rated on its own infestation. Fields showing 75 percent or more terminal feeding should be treated immediately if live larvae are present. Since serious damage can occur withina few days after the 75-percent feeding level is reached, treatment must be made promptly, but it may be wiser at this stage of growth to cut the alfalfa a little earlier than normal, remove the hay, and then treat the new growth. It is almost too late to apply parathion as most first-cutting alfalfa is within 15 days of harvest. If temperatures are above 60°, use 1 pound of mala- thion per acre or a commercially prepared diazinon-methoxychlor mixture. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per acre when spraying by ground. No waiting pve- riod is required between application of malathion and harvest. Allow one week to elapse between application of diazinon-methoxychlor and harvest. For pastures, use malathion or the diazinon-methoxychlor mixture. You can put animals right back on pastures sprayed with malathion, but wait one week when using diazinon-methoxychlor sprays. This past week we visited experimental control plots at the University of Kentucky. The weevils in the untreated areas had turned to alfalfa stems for food as all the leaves had already been eaten. We are convinced that this pest will be a serious alfalfa problem in Illinois. Alfalfa growers south of Highway 13 have seen severe damage this year. Damage to alfalfa south of a line from St. Louis to Champaign will be severe and general in 1967. Clover leaf weevils are green worms with white stripes down their backs. They resemble alfalfa weevils but have brown heads instead of black and are found in the soil debris during the day; alfalfaweevils are up on the plants during the day. toe yterevicl ,soivisd aotenstxa evidessqaod AtiW aelkdsreqend at syutinoiraA to sysliod eiomfifl AW.8.U bas yovrrd yrotellH lexus etonif[fLI ont Q0CL 3 yell @OARISA XTATCIMMT & .OW WISGICUE YHVAN2 TOWSKT wk goitecvta toveat Leveneg oft ap 3901 To abtelfLud yltsew fridt eidT ers ad? to atelpeloundus yd beteaay7 citations: adooeut dius?) etontLit ome .~Yavure yiotelh Laivrsif efonis li .svsttusitgh to sgelied elonk Ll pereneey etuszave bas ydiviges tosedi ni ebsmers Lsvanen- oe .aologsgs m9 Bed tsool onieredsS ot abisti awo eid xoede biwoda leubivibat desl .2eiwessm Loat -atoisibaos ot outtdaos flow eotube “ge bratalwrove Jxen ort achveb dein nismet of bedoeg Y GE pot a fra sevens! Laniomed edd oxedw riggs vloedsi bome .4Gn ot ovoma7 bos siisils est tuo .beyorts tuo tette yet ect everex soy vscooe oT -ityous wen sat toesorg oF) « Lid bas caso wnam svomer [fiw ue¥ ad iLiw fottnoy Liveew ont -ef vs tH 40 disoe ehiart siist ner yisvertes aved Blivesiy 99% StistlA + ; i : Ray Peer = ' 7 159% see enoitsdestat ,fe bnew £1 eyawige at f0/ ati 0 beter at gaum Distt dosg pe cmc at ze van si sysmeh gat “late tbomil bedeors sd piueris ahines fanimzst sucom ta suenisg 2) natwode ebfot® icici 300 joao asemeb anes ognie .tussang sys savisl evil tk - aout ,betossy af favel aniveel Imesareq-éy end duo of ddwoup to senate ekdt ts iseiv gauy sedt Sas .ysi edd eVvome’s eloret ers, ood tuouwie ef TT Sistis aakstum-sarit & a ger ; “2180 TO Hai ree . 2 ‘ sors r 42 savesd to avysb ei atddiw 2k a en vansoxtn ip i cen ps rsdsyy eiissrtencensa 4 0 etos teaq mords woo uatiiew of Jhavern vi anivesae sodw orem sey fevew to saciflen Of to cnr ben bans ot Mest oro w -sasvre a bes pee tes 10 wetjgeoriygs usawred boriuper af hogs eevial fue tolroyxodiam-nonine lS Io sobtesiiqas nsevted seqels seclenieogcr ene. 6 eis vo sofiutelem sau .26uceeq oF sis fitow heyenis eesvtsec oo Hosd adeiy eflenfias duq ass .cyenge roldoyxodten-aooiseih gate nesdw ead afg te syola foteaas esq akat cok emede Sasi f " asy sd'l .gd¥ourrsd to fw a eugrrnion Wo aos “eh ee goveel siz ile eas boot Yo H f .chomiill wf meidovg stletis enmmfise s ed Y wins StS ii , fh ‘to dduoa etaworyn etistis GS ack S anil 6s te msuce stisite oF gassed Joel al fereneg etistle aldmosst yo? antvub efadeh Lroe sit mt Yeh a No economic damage from the clover leaf weevil is expected since the good growing conditions enable the plants to rapidly outgrow the feeding. Also moisture and moderate temperatures are favorable for the spread of a fungus dis- ease that kills these weevils. Spittlebugs have been hatching in northern Illinois but economic demage is not expected. Pea aphid populations have not as yet begun to increase in alfalfa fields. In fact, these aphids are present only in low numbers thus far. Armyworm and black cutworm moths continue to be abundant. They are or will soon be depositing eggs, but worm abundance cannot be predicted now. White grubs can easily be found during seedbed preparation in those fields where they damaged soybeans or corn last year. They are hungry and will eat the roots of plants as fast as they develop and may even chew on the seeds before ger- mination. Aldrin or heptachlor, 3 pounds per acre, should be applied to corn soil during seedbed preparation to control grubs in these occasional fields. Do not use these two insecticides for insect control in soybean fields. Do not plant soybeans in these grub-infested fields until early June. The Homeowner's Insects of the Week Bean leaf beetles are damaging newly emerging garden beans. These beetles are green, yellow, tan, or red insects with black bands around the outer edges of their wing covers. They usually have black spots on their backs. The beetles feed on the undersides of the leaves, eating irregular holes in the leaves. Sometimes plants are completely defoliated in a few days time. These adults will continue to feed for several weeks. Carbaryl (Sevin) as a spray or ready-prepared dust is effective. For sprays use 2 tablespoons of the 50 percent wettable powder per gallon of water. A second application may be needed if more beetles appear. Good leaf coverage, on both under and upper sides, is important for best control. Ants are now entering homes in search of food. Now is an ideal time to spray the outside foundation with 2 percent chlordane or 1/2 percent dieldrin. Buy the liquid emulsion concentrate and dilute it with water to the proper strength. Spray the foundation from the sill to the soil to the point cf runoff. Also spray 2 or 3 inches of soil next to the foundation wall. Spray cracks or expansion joints along porches and around steps. In houses with crawl spaces, it is best to treat the inside of the foundation wall as well as the outside. Do not spray near wells or cisterns. Do not spray shrubbery or flowers, as the oil may burn the foliage. This treatment will control other insects that migrate into the nouse from the lawn and eliminates the need for sprays in the house. Caution: Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will elso eliminate residue hazards. This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Ran- dell, and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Tllinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Kesearch Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. Petty Extension Specialist UND -AnN.DD«cNnTMI. LL in Entomology Qe tovelo ond movil exsmsh oimonoos olf of admela adv aidene anoidibaos antvotsg boo »nhiveew seedd ellie stedd 2888 egemen ofmenoos dvd sionif{l araddcon ot antdoted weed evsd exudalstigs .botosqzuea ton ef ton eved ancoitdetugoq- binge sod mioyloo tdassetg sis abridge 223 ans Pe fo) Ye at adfom orrowsue fosid ore srcowymrA ids mrow gid gan atttieoqsab ed cooe Lliw Pavot ed yiiese neo adurte stidW taal wroe 10O emeoeTyoe ive eee yods syedw qoleveo yeds es fast es atnsig to atoor Holts nates eof i. ‘a a esata to si blaA ? noObtsiusesta bedbsse xuniruub ioatene Recast “ot sabioftesent owt sagdt vices Listes cbleta bestestar-dutz sasdt ot L2esyoo co. xisdt o esbtatebau oft mo Lateiquos ats atnald isyevae tot bsst ot 9nG aysTya : booose A vio Ated mo sofas won ers odaA YVE oriws fy ihe WV aofrishavot shtasvo adt ysage a idastnsonss é £ ie “ft rid Moy Bias naols flay aoistsSavot arid ng ofienk edt i CUMS Ye Tce ~enustaro x1o Wi sho ees aeetns o £ ‘tonvo. LorsAaor nemdso1? eft eet sda sok been ost mits bus swat DOA “Wiiwtotaa e.edel sdf be ee 2b yaividas stotot corded Sis 24.2t- 3 aNSSTes Lenaetsg sts dou iLiw eict! .anoituaosaq Ife wollot .ehbtsnsd subtee: atantarte “at Sy anw tyoqs1 vitesw eid? to fift ,edinW .a sonesewlO bes ,ffeb cme ‘ & ft eLonrL[l ios eda: ‘ .aokvrs3 OFAITIGOOS # t toed edit o-So- ME: Tak Igrovst sis eeivteisqie? stersbom hase stuctelom a } ) ) | | | | Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 13, 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 4 This fourth weekly bulletin on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. The Present Farm Insect Problems Alfalfa weevil feeding may have been slowed down a little by cold weather and the cold snap may have killed some larvae, but it was not enough to alleviate the weevil problem. Many larvae are now pupating, and some new adults have already emerged in southern Illinois. They will feed on the alfalfa for a week or two and then remain quiet during the heat of summer; in the fall they will become active and deposit some eggs before winter hibernation. Next March they will come out of hibernation, feed, and lay eggs. This year it is already toc late to save the first cutting in heavily in- fested fields south of Route 13. Here, cut the hay, remove it, and immediately spray to protect the second growth. This week we saw economic damage as far north as Robinson on the east to Clinton County (Carlisle) on the west. North of this line, weevil feeding is noticc- able but not of economic importance. If 75 percent of the terminals show evidence of feeding, you may still want to apply an insecticide, but applications should be made right now. If you do not apply one immediately, harvest the crop a little earlier than normally, remove the hay, and then protect the new growth with an insecticide. For first growth, use one pound of malathion per acre or a commercially prepared diazinon-methoxychlor mixture when temperatures are above 60°. Use a mini- mum of 10 gallons of water per acre when spraying by ground. No waiting perioc is required between application of malathion and harvest. Allow one week to elapss be-~ tween application of diazinon-methoxychlor and harvest. For pastures, use malathion or the diazinon-methoxychlor mixture. You can put animals right back on pastures sprayed with malathion, but wait one week when using diazinon-methoxychlior sprays. After the first cutting is removed, azinphosmethyl (Guthion), methyl para- thion, or parathion can be applied by those equipped to follow safety precautions in handling these materials. Malathion and diazinon-methoxychlor may also be used. Pea aphid numbers in alfalfa fields remained low this week. English grain aphids are reported to be abundant on the undersides of wheat leaves. No control need be applied unless the plants show wilting. After wheat heads appear, it takes an average of 30 to 50 aphids per head to cause measurable damage. Ordinarily the aphids will leave the wheat head as it enters the dough stage. If control is absolutely necessary, use one pound of malathion per acre. Although you | can apply malathion to within one week of harvest, that would be far too late for profitable control of grain aphid. Operators equipped with protective clothing can | apply one-fourth pound of parathion to within 15 days of harvest. to Ytkevevial ,soafvisc molenedxd svitereqood AdiW noitarsqoed al stat iuoltgA to egeifod sloniiti -A.G.¢.U Soe yevrued yvrotell fexvrudst afonilfl sat : Ide if. : oe vel TOASTING PALCAMMT é .OW MITMIWUE YEvaue TOFenT afocitfl!tY mi aotesetie dosent Isvanos sdt ao aid Softer yideow diyvyyot efAaT elonifiil to esieravial sit Yo ateargolomogas yd bexscaeya .(Bsdqooxa etovenk gio) .boiovwags eiittevoccos bas yevivd yroderH tswygeh eioniill ,oudiuotraA to szeLiod »Pevuessm foudnocs boselverdds atesagye pi “tivigos sneent at ebuaxt Istanoy ip wie 18 eagoid i asos facsof animyetsh at ebiezt mwo ake doois blyode Lesbivibat dosh emeidovd tossei mst gaenes sit ~~ Jrii @ vob Sewole mead sved yan saibseat [iveer stistIA +3 ogee Gor aaw df dud ,esvrel smog hballid ovad yem gqane bloo edd bas sneidniq Liveay amoa bax ,gafisaig wor sis sevial yosM aX P istis edt se Beet Ifiw ved .atonilil mredduee ¢ afet oft ob gerouitie to deat sat gaiyub tetsp = ‘ tio emos [Lie vadd dovsh gxe j mottesusdin taciniw sioted egys emos -aeye yell bas , best okt sstrge ty oft evse of adsl cod vosatia eft gi — aga “4 sreciemnr far , ok svoet .wed edd duo ,ayrsil .fL egy of to ddvoe aifekt bodact sStwors pane aig dossoug of Oo? 38s¢ ide es cibrow tat es gasmsh ofmcaose wae gw veow eid? : : : f tiae0) yvtaued aogtet lo" Civeaew ,sogil cide io goaall) . tse sat no (otetl simenoss te ton tud aids tusotsa ¢7 AT , nN apoebbenans: ns YLlags oF | er a¥eesy ,¢lismvee sede ve kites 2thL s goto add geevisn sibeanh otto vigge- siw diwessn wen ecg foasorg seady bie .ysd br god ne seu ,froerg ferks «oF ' elit i soLdovxondomaconiselh Betsqete, wig eatew ‘to anolisa Of to ; to noltsollags usewisd beer ty . H >a ~ » f To Hoo har x x -2tnteiar tots enon! Teu— nO sie ayerds voldoyueienesontestd paiew mocw feaw sito thaw tad .noritefiam atiw bayerge TF SFT A notitatad va .moLat fou sagen yaoi toned BAP erodmia Sings sat ad. i foqedes of . event t+ of ,tssque absam virnenibyO maw ‘irLosde ai Lovinoy F thidow ot moid¢eiam yiges ms ft2 ninvty to fowlnos sfdast te basveg Sfivoel—sno ¥ is “Oe Flies thus far have not been a problem on livestock farms. However, the lesser house fly is now appearing in numbers in poultry houses. Gather the eggs, cover the water and feed troughs, and apply a one percent ronnel spray to the walls and ceilings for control. The Upcoming Farm Insect Problems Variegated cutworms are present in some legume fields in south-central and southern Illinois. All worms found this week were very small. Later these greyish worms with yellow or white dots down their backs will feed on the leaves at night and hide in the debris during the day. Their feeding does not become apparent until just before time to cut clover for hay. Baies of hay often have dozens of these worms underneath them. In addition to defoliation of first growth, the shoots of the second growth may be seriously damaged. Armyworm moths are still present, and larger flights are expected. It will soon be time to examine lodged spots in wheat fields. Shake the plants vigorously, and look on the ground underneath. If small striped worms are present, they will probably be armyworms. Do not use this count as a field average. If you find no armyworms in lodged spots, no further examination will be necessary. If you find lots of them, make a field check. No control is needed unless the population aver- ages six or more per linear foot. Even then, do not apply insecticides until the worms are about one-half inch long. Black cutworm moths have been present for several weeks, and eggs collecved from these moths in late April have now hatched. We can expect these tiny cutworms to appear in cornfields any time from now on. Examine soil in and around corn plants in the low spots. The next three weeks will be critical for effective control. Ap-- plications of 3 pounds of toxaphene, 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin),or 2 to 3 pounds of diazinon, directed at the base of the plants, will control the small worms. Worms that are 1 to 2 inches long are very difficult to control. After the damage has been done, it is too late to do anything but apply a soil insecticide like aldrin or heptachlor at 3 pounds per acre, disk it in, and re- plant. This year let's get the cutworms early. Pupation of overwintering corn borer larvae has begun as far north as Decatur. The Homeowner's Present Insect Problems Aphids are now abundant on roses and some shrubs. Malathion sprays will control them. Fungus flies or gnats will soon be present in some numbers. A common sight will be to find these flies clinging to upper leaves of plants. Most of them will be dead or dying. The young or maggots matured in rotting plant material in the soil and emerged as harmless flies or gnats. Caution to Those Using Insecticides Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all pre- cautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Illinois Col- lege of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Piant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. 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Oo “erm S vis Scots at Th i ais vam tenn A mie viedstosumt eu aeeb ius BedW Yiggs fen of a4 ik eecy yl .MOLTRSL) sregndae fe —_ ce ssprovdrs 25ste ara 3 a $ stialg quoy t1 .tixelugs1 abisltmies ng asoge wol fosgernk 4 Powe phe aheaeseis bo Mus Ae & ylows ,P este [lies sts garow ‘ : 3% ‘3 vietetteamgi tavie—@ stigeiv ald To seed sd9 os i oe b ae : wrodvi'y TO alavon = seer ,earret aybeb “ts Tit Seep WDE Pant wees Liar odes aor : a rs Satyr veer 26 bes ainyowday bos fea wat gn sreigp Nine ee Lasveys ofiw arr sed ee 2 {Oh Mee curnewitrs : wo re & ied poyoloy tominti eta Youd .Dereney ol etal Gye @ west wi ae iy te"tass Goa ah goldesiqna fae tain ear ae) doe fe feo 4 eats @ se inivwehs Eyrsdsas me vateg L pe ; f ; igebivds 9G of deoyoqsy ate smowyarrA » ra ree ess Bear eo ot willtteres abtoary eed 4% fini Five eve notdenkioge Yata svt roldevxouwtes bee teaiserh to ovednto. Lek. a a an. To find armyworms in wheat fields, first examine lodged spots. Shake the plants vigorously, and look on the ground underneath. If small, striped worms are present, they will probably be armyworms. Do not use this count as a field average. If you find no armyworms in lodged spots, no further examination will be necessary. If you find lots of them, make a field check. No control is needed unless the field population averages six or more per linear foot. Even then, do not apply insecticides until most of the worms are over one-half inch long. Do not confuse the striped armyworms with the transparent yellow to green sawflies. An armyworm has five pairs of abdominal prolegs; sawflies, six or more pairs. Sawflies do not damage wheat plants enough to require control. Apply 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene for armyworm control in small grains. There are no restrictions on use of grain. Do not feed the straw to dairy animals or livestock fattening for slaughter. Do not apply toxaphene to fields adjacent to dairy pastures or hay crops. Do not contaminate fish~bearing waters with toxa- phene. We have suggested that dairy farmers not use chlorinated hydrocarbons on their farms. Toxaphene belongs to this family of chemicals. However, the offi- cial label permits its use on dairy farms. If it is used on or adjacent to dairy farms, avoid drift onto pastures and hay crops. Trichlorfon (Dylox), an organic phosphate insecticide at 1 pound per acre, may be used to within 21 days of har- vest, but the straw cannot be used for livestock feed. Malathion, 1 1/4 pounds per acre, may be beneficial for armyworm con- trol in areas where drift may be critical. It may be used on grass pastures and hay right up to the day of harvest. Allow one week to elapse between application and harvest of grain. Examine grassy pastures and hay fields. If armyworms are extremely abundant and devouring the grass, apply 1 pound of carbaryl (Sevin) per acre. There is no waiting period between application and harvest. Warn beekeepers that you are applying carbaryl. Wheat growers often panic at the word armyworm. Do not be stampeded into applying insecticides unless necessary. This year the wheat may be mature enough to keep the leaf stripping of armyworms from affecting yield, and the worms may be forced to migrate. If migration occurs, watch adjacent crops. However, as the leaves mature, the worms may begin to feed on the stems, causing the heads to fall to the ground. Also remember that small armyworms do little damage. The worm eats about 80 percent of its food after it is over 3/4 inch long. Two factors may help this year. Armyworms are killed more rapidly by diseases when temperatures are high. Since armyworm development is about 10 days later than normal, this disease may be a factor. If you find dead, soft, mushy- looking worms, they have died from this disease. Watch for little white capsules on the backs of armyworms. These capsules are fly eggs, and the maggot that hatches penetrates the body of the worm, killing it. Predatory insects are also numerous in wheat fields and are killing some armyworms. Upcoming Farm Insect Problems Corn borer moth emergence has reached 20 percent in the extreme south; pupation in central Illinois has reached 40 to 50 percent, and first emergence oc- curred this week. 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Te Pow CEre 3o> sHUEBYET, <: wis Sie: : lies eat 4 Lice at ae! Sar sae yath, bs Se seedlings and seriously retard or kill older plants. Carbaryl (Sevin) used as a dust or spray will control these teetles. Apply late in the day. Repeated appli- cations may be necessary. Aphids are present on green beans, tomatoes and some other vegetables. These small, green, usually wingless insects suck sap from the underside of the leaves, causing them to curl downward. Aphids usually give off a sticky substance called honeydew. This substance plus cast skins can be found sticking to the leaves. Malathion is an effective spray for controlling aphids in the home garden. Black flea beetles are present on potatoes, egg plants and tomatoes. Tiny brown pinpoint spots on the leaves are indications of feeding. These beetles jump at the slightest disturbance and may be difficult to find on the plants. Regu- lar application of carbaryl (Sevin) sprays or dusts may be needed to obtain con- trol. Apply late in the day. Oystershell scale, a common pest of lilac bushes, can be controlled at this time of year with malathion. The scale insects are not encased in their shells. Also pine needle scale, a pest of many pine tree and shrub species, can be controlled at this time of year with malathion. Pine needle scale appears as white specks on the needles, and some needles turn brown and drop off. Sod webworms are not a problem so far this year; if they are going to be, it will be August before the damage shows up. But another similar insect, which has no common name, is damaging lawns. The larva burrows into the soil and then emerges to feed on grass blades around the burrow. Damage first appears as a pencil-sized hole with damaged grass around it. These holes increase in size and turn brown as root damage occurs. No control is as yet being recommended. Caution to Those Using Insecticides Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. * HX #8 KX & KR KR OK This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, Don Kuhlman and Ciarence E. White, illinois Natural History Survey and University of Illinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agri- cultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own locali- ties. Sent by: H. B. 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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE June 24, 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 10 This tenth weekly bulletin on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Present Farm Insect Problems Armyworm populations are decreasing rapidly, and we are recommending insecticide control measures only in special instances, as it is now too late to reap maximum profit by controlling the worms. Armyworm adults are heavy-bodied brown moths that are now emerging. They are attracted to lights in large numbers. Black cutworm moths are present and will continue to be for some time. Damage from the worms of this generation is practically over. European corn borer is not expected to present a general problem, and only an occasional exceptionally advanced field will be damaged. In many areas, there are no exceptionally advanced fields, as most fields were planted at the same time. Thus moths will scatter small numbers of eggs in many fields instead of concentrating on a few fields, as often happens. Moth flight and egg-laying are about complete in the south half or two- thirds of Illinois. Where needed, insecticide applications should be made before July 1. In general, moth flight in the north one-third of the state will peak this week, and egg-laying should be declining rapidly or even be completed by July 4. We do not now anticipate much need for insecticide applications on com- mercial field corn. Sweet corn and early-planted fields of seed corn should be observed to determine need for treatment. Potato leafhoppers are not so abundant this year as previously. No yellowing of second-growth alfalfa was noted this week due to their feeding. Start your stored grain insect control program now. Sweep out the bin. Clean up grain debris outside the bin, and destroy it. Then spray the bin with premium-grade malathion or methoxychlor. As you bin the wheat, treat it with a premium-grade malathion spray or dust. Flies are becoming more numerous on pastured cattle. Horn flies are heavy on some herds, particularly in the southern section. Stable flies are numerous, and populations will continue to increase until September. Occasional horse and deer flies are also attacking cattle. ’ Re Hi senacood af LoD efourlry : eronrl tt sls : (8 aah HEART YATOMMMT §OW TEEN wyie ay Saye. sbtoboeant Vid MM lXsm qeox ant adidom awoxd hues york ¢ ito HOBLE. ReisieelitSis eerie tap eat they uscaneeyey echt mont an 93 Says BOG C8 YLLO S5xs ON BLS atorit _ ; Sais suse eat ‘ Keoaoa Ro wea rt Lit oan a uo5 For pastured dairy cattle, apply 1 to 2 ounces of an oil-base spray of 2 percent Ciodrin, 1.0 percent dichlorvos (DDVP) or 0.1 percent pyrethrins as needed. Water-base sprays of the same materials may be used, but control is less effective. Pay particular attention to the legs and undersides of animals when spraying. For pastured beef cattle, apply 0.5 percent toxaphene as a water-base spray at 1 to 2 quarts per animal every three weeks. Cover the animals thoroughly with the spray. Allow 28 days to elapse between treatment with toxaphene and slaughter. Upcoming Farm Insect Problems Black cutworm moths are present and may be depositing eggs in low spots in cornfields where water has stood during the past few weeks. In the north one- third to one-haif of Illinois, look for cutworm damage in such spots during the next few weeks. If small black cutworms should appear, apply 3 pounds of toxay~.1 or 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as a spray directed at the base of the plants. Armyworm moths are extremely abundant. They may deposit eggs in grassy cornfields. Check such cornfields for worms in the north one-third of the state in two or three weeks. If it becomes necessary to control the armyworms, apply 1 pound of carbaryl per acre. Corn leaf aphids in small numbers are in cornfields. Now present in grassy weeds, particularly foxtail, they will transfer to corn later. Many people believe that damage from these aphids is greater in grassy fields than in clean cornfields. We have no data on this point. No control is recommended now. Corn rootworms can now be found feeding on the corn roots in an occa- sional cornfield. The worms are less than half grown. It is still too early to predict overall abundance and consequent damage. The Homeowner's Insect Problems Mosquitoes are troublesome in many areas of the state. To reduce mos- quito problems, follow these steps: (1) Eliminate standing water in poorly drained eave troughs, old tires, children's toys, etc. (2) Spray shrubbery and tall grass and also walls in storm sewers with 1.5 percent malathion. To mix, use 3 ounces of 50-57 percent emulsion concentrate per gallon of water. Repeat the treatment every week or two if necessary. (3) Keep door and window screens in good repair. (4) Hang plastic resin strips (2' x 10") containing 20 percent dichlorvos (DDVP, Vapona), one strip per 1,000 cubic feet of space, or about one per room. These strips will kill mosquitoes and flies for four to six weeks. Do not use where tropical fish are present or in pet shops. A 0.1 percent pyrethrin space spray or fog applied from a pressurized can, can be used for quick knockdown in place of the dichlorvos resin strips. Repeat treatments will be needed with the spray. (5) When entering mosquito-infested areas, apply a repellent to ex- posed parts of the body. The best mosquito repellent to use is DET (diethyl toluamide). to yetys send-Cio os to esonve 8 oo f vicas ,elidss yaish bewyrdesg tot as atttundexyq daasreg SL. Oo Cai id) feta fe ip tasoteq O.L .atxholo tusorsq $ eae! ei Lovinos dud Jose od vam alesinatem snusc add to syeyqa sasd-yedeaW .bebeon = sotysiga. ansiigexos gneorses ¢.C vows salidss teed horuvesq s4'd EE add xeve) .siseew gaudh yreve ssmins teq ekresp S ot LT ds yerge bas sroreomet agin ceomtsoes aesweed sageis od ave SS wollA ,yerca odd adiw wreddguala anmaldor jnacil mie'l on iroogt wot ih a mrowdus Soelé @ hear, acht of yotay oueny eolottoros at = pegetete ‘isd-ono od Srtdd ; JOG ¢ Rs 2 if ,ateew wot txea ie ae (eryod} fysndtss to sbivog 9 xo Of advos tictowyarrAa sno rove aosto . ableltaros out tL, ailesw mang so owd ot iyyadtso to Devo Sots eet moO yi ifisg ,25eew yeasty tT See jet svetied -ubisrhoaroo bierieros Lenote Lisisve Jo lberg wldowg otivp ayes heaterh neaetg Lied asnneo € Sep taomiaoid scit ero Boom sf To asbtatebey bos epel addy of motinecte sslyuotiveag ysl .evidestis -3- Chiggers or red bugs are annoying picnickers, campers, hikers and berry pickers. These tiny mites burrow into a skin pore and cause a red blotch. These blotches and the consequent itching may not subside for a week or more. There is little that can be done to alleviate this problem. The mites attack where cloth- ing is tight against the skin, such as in crotch and belt-line areas. To repel chiggers, spray or rub DEET (diethyl toluamide) where clothing fits tightly, such as the top of socks, pant cuffs, waist and neck bands. Benzyl benzoate will also protect against chiggers, but it should not be used on the skin. Take a warm, soapy shower or bath immediately upon returning from a chigger- infested area. Themites take several hours to settle down and begin to feed, and they can often be washed off before becoming embedded. Potato flea beetles are still a problem in home gardens, as they feed on the leaves of eggplants, potatoes and tomatoes. Sprays of carbaryl (Sevin) will control them. Caution to Those Using Insecticides Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. XX HEX KR This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, Don Kuhlman and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Illinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agri- cultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own local- ities. Sent by: H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology HBP:SM:RR:DK:CEW: gpg Nerrenctn gemeate uit o298? .arefotq nemo ae eat bos. sedotold ateivelle ot enob sd amo tert oLsoEl digit at aati enero a ~ > ~—: wake, serfs) Goes me si 26 foue ,aise sot geat roietret fe pay neha GA feast of Honma ,vittigid ett't 7 — Os 2 denser ittw streosaed yoooe tev 6. galeT 8208 hataslat ad mesto aso yods eset cf malted o Pitts eye eafteatd salt ed ,atne te tS esveel and send Lortnaos a 4 ya 3 Weerinrrtde 26d oy braoy 29D LILTOIIALCE » Ful (ge: i ,Jfsicsh Slavev oad Perle ie 210. Comodirs NG saetot Ma: TSH Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 1, 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN No. Le tS! OF fits: J iA 40, This eleventh weekly bulletin on the general insect JUL 14.196, Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the CER ity of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and coop Lites agencies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Present Farm Insect Problems European corn borer moth emergence is about complete in northern Illinois. Eee laying is being spread over the more advanced fields, and in general these fields are not being seriously affected. Fields were observed in which up to 50 percent of the plants were infested, but 75 percent is used as the threshold for treatment. We do not expect much need to apply insecticide on commercial field corn for first- generation corn borer. In the south-central and southern sections, many of the borers have already tunneled into the stalks and it is too late for effective control. Thrips are common in the whorl leaves of corn. They are tiny (about 1/16 inch) yellow or black insects with rasping, sucking mouth parts. Their feeding appears as tiny streaks of white on leaves. Corn leaves take on a silvery appearance from heavy feeding. Plants will usually outgrow the damage, and rain helps. If plants are being seriously injured, carbaryl at 1 pound per acre will provide control. Small numbers of newly hatched alfalfa weevil larvae can still be found feed- ing on alfalfa in the southern counties, but no controls are needed. We strongly suspect that these are second-generation worms. Flies continued to increase this week. Horn fly populations are heavy on some herds, and stable flies are beginning to build up. No problems with face flies have been observed. For pastured dairy cattle, apply 1 to 2 ounces of an oil-base spray of 2.0 per- cent Ciodrin, 1.0 percent dichlorvos (DDVP) or 0.1 percent pyrethrins as needed. Ciodrin will provide effective control for two or three days, while dichlorvos and pyrethrin are effective for only a day at most. Water-base sprays of the same materials may be used, but control is less effective. Pay particular attention to the legs and undersides of animals when spraying. For pastured beef cattle, apply 0.5 percent toxaphene as a water-base spray at 1 to 2 quarts per animal every three weeks. Cover the animals thoroughly with the spray. Allow 28 days to elapse between treatment with toxaphene and slaughter. te ybiswevinl ,soivrs® aalensixt avitesaqoo" ddiW dolsetsgoo) ak owtivotyad to egeilod sioni£fy 8.0 bite yong winded’ Laxudall olomkLiy sutt oes Geek ft yigt HOA OH ona a ae 2 : t hy VE YEA TORT = ‘ 7 edd no sitoliocnd yietssy cthaevele ett ote vd bodoyece Teadae os adosent tinty) leurs abo fcll ,esuilyciegA To speltod } t eo. ar no a atoms CL of oliaws va nia: > Sanit ht te Seo". frs 2a2) AGH Ase SiGe ee Eeleacy diy fovsak Gi choow Levetog adoqos one re Enayos heood meta: gbiait svo ats xoede Siveds Taubivibat dost wu anueldovh toneal gael sreserl separates ee RE LD ats mt eR A HOARE siege cer oa eos ites segeosusal P eu parade bo. be ee yeu? ,fton ee eqrrd? fuser asitos i» wie aogke YO so wollery adsorts att os -aribest yvaed rotven gutted ous ees cies fi sig satiate wo gad ud etch doaqaiie moras tyre rs ~ ie ae be ¢ abyor z 4 ee USES ® : host ulterea Boss " reit plariaad ant rm te Foz se Upcoming Farm Insect Problems Black cutworm moths are being taken in light traps in increasing numbers and may be depositing eggs in low spots in cornfields. Be on the lookout for cutworm damage in such spots in the northern half of Illinois during the next few weeks. If small black cutworms should appear, apply 3 pounds of toxaphene or 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as a spray directed at the base of the plants. Corn leaf aphids can be found in the whorl of corn in the south-central and southern sections. Individual aphids--not colonies--are present in corn in the northern half of the state. Aphids can also be found in small numbers in grassy weeds like foxtail and will soon move to the corn. It is too soon to predict over- all abundance and problems with this insect. Armyworm moth flight has been heavy for two weeks. Carefully observe grassy cornfields, grass pastures and late-maturing oats in the northern one-third to one- haif of the state in the next week or two. The moths may deposit eggs in these fields. If it becomes necessary to control armyworms, apply 1 pound of carbaryl per acre to corn and grasses. Spotted alfalfa aphids are present in many fields of alfalfa, but ponulations are not yet alarming. Hot, dry conditions favor their development, and danege in the past has occurred from late July through August and into September. More on this insect later. The Homeowner's Insect Problems Ants, spiders, sowbugs, roaches and other crawling insects continue to enter homes. If you sprayed tne outside foundation wall of your house in May, it will need another application now. Spray the foundation from the siil to the soil to the point of runoff with either 2 percent chlordane or 1/e percent dieldrin. Also spray 2 or 3 inches of soil next to the foundation wall. Buy the liquid emulsion concentrate, and dilute it with water to the proper strength. ‘Soray cracks or expansion joints along porches and around steps. In houses with crawl spaces, it is best to treat the inside of the foundation wall as well as the outside. Do not spray near wells or cisterns. Do not spray shrubbery or flowers, as the oil may burn the foliage. This treatment will control many crawling insscts that migrate into the house from outside and will help to eliminate the need for sprays indoors. Mosquitoes are troublesome in many areas of the state. To reduce mosqiito problems, follow these steps: (1) Eliminate standing water in pocrly drained eave troughs, old tires, children's toys, etc. (2) Spray shrubbery and tall grass and also walls in storm sewers with 1.5 percent malathion. To mix, use 3 ounces o7 50-57 percent emulsion concentrate per gallon of water. Repeat the treatment every week or two if necessary. (3) Keep door and window screens in good repsir. (4) Hang plastic resin strips (2' x 10") containing 20 percent dichlorvos (DDVP, Vapona), one strip per 1,000 cubic feet of space, or about one per room. “hese strips will kill mosquitoes and flies for four to six weeks. Do not use wheres tropical fish are present or in pet shops. For quick knockdown you can use a O.1 percent pyrethrin space spray or fog, applied from a pressurized can, in place of the dichlorvos resin strips. Repeat treatments will be needed with the spray. (5) When entering mosquito-infested areas, apply a repellent to exposed parts of the body. The best mosquito repellent to use is DEET (diethyl toluamide). =e auatdort Josanl wrest arinosoll #ed goisd exc edtom miowdus foaled af eduqn vol ni apne noidtaogsh ed 1 itrongian a wi adoge dopa ni a Legs vrssqqs biveve amrowto assid renee a$ te hodootks yore eas (shred) L ™ moo le Issa edd ak Bact sd oso ebides tael ood Wf ste--asinelos goa--abidgs eed es sanottsea moni hevet od onie mao ebingA .egeada sdt To ILed mend ek IE .eves ait of savor acos [Ltr dns Cledxot ofkl abeow .vesanl eidt déhy ameldorg bie sonesbauds Ile ies ayodhiio Suigroionit mi aqexd digit aio arewus sou deyostool ary so if 2bL neee yi deen ane 4 greeter aicneLit To ochriuo¢ pe searrotlo ood to i yey Lord a Or. iy So . ar ows tot yrssd need sal dip tit ddom mrow 2 Bo8o 2S Pasene ~Sial DIS AStvdesT aesxR dou att .ows uo veew xeon of ak odads and 46 tees” fwwwrs Lovsroo oF vieicevem aemoned Ti TL + ahlert -88a5c%y Dre nyoo ot stos teq tiiges vib Jon” Cnatmrats fey dom ors nny vin ots! mowt beravoec ast tasq oft Eins hi % " pblathimves. bas ‘wt03 uo Ssaneqes = 4 a Bigot: ergisnat oe eusti Ses msd. sank “odie arrenm Bars niylags » seed aged SDowsel font ot Ls : Syleoo Sis - i ae ed ee ms ' i oan tag afte tt “ta es air | oa WAG e £ mT areca Brus Piet! cia bi o> peytattyas EF sOPar4 bo P a Ath : 3 gog a - : S.ANEV yy WED ae YT] A ' ) ‘s bd ras + ” i! *) ' = 5S ay i ‘ ~ § a at ' : 7 ek LG tern Tee o ihe we na Vee MRL Rad -2— Grasshoppers are numerous in occasional hay fields and heavy along some roadsides, ditch banks, and fence rows. Most of the eggs should have hatched by now. Hot, dry weather is favorable to grasshopper development. If ‘hoppers are numerous, spray immediately before they have a chance to migrate to corn or soy- beans. Carbaryl at 3/4 pound per acre as a spray is best for grasshoppers. Di- azinon at 1/2 pound, malathion at 1 pound, and naled (Dibrom) at 3/4 pound per acre are also effective. When treating forage crop fields, allow 10 days between treat- ment and harvest with diazinon and 4 days with naled. There is no waiting period for carbaryl or malathion. Potato leafhoppers are small wedge-shaped green insects that suck the sap from alfalfa as well as from potatoes. Damaged alfalfa is yellow to purple and stunted. The yield of damaged alfalfa may be close to that of undamaged alfalfa, but the quality is quite different. Damaged alfalfa makes stemmy, poor-quality hay. Damage from this pest is now showing up in southern Illinois on second- cutting alfalfa. After damage is apparent, cutting is the only answer, since the damaged growth will not recuperate. The new shoots will grow normally after cut- ting. If leafhoppers are numerous and damage is not yet apparent, apply 1 pound of methoxychlor or carbaryl per acre. Do not harvest or pasture for one week if methoxychlor is used. There is no waiting period with carbaryl. Alfalfa weevils have been found for the first time in 36 counties. At present, the weevil is as far north as Hancock County in western Illincis and Lake County in eastern Illinois. The northernmost counties where the weevil is present include Hancock, McDonough, Knox, Henry, Bureau, LaSalle, DeKalb, Kane, and Lake. Since the spring of 1964 when it was first found in Illinois, it has spread into 83 counties (four-fifths of the state). We expect it to spread into the remaining counties by next year. Economic damage can be expected on alfalfa in much of the southern half of Illinois in 1967. Wasp parasites of the alfalfa weevil have been released in various areas for two years with the hope they will establish and help as a natural force to sup- press alfalfa weevil populations. It is too soon to evaluate this program. Upcoming Farm Insect Problems Corn leaf aphids can be found in the whorl of corn. Colonies are estab- lishing but as yet numbers are not heavy. Aphids can also be found in small numbers in grassy weeds like foxtail and will soon move to the corn. It is too soon to pre- dict overall abundance and problems with this insect. Corn borer moths are emerging in the southern tip of Illinois. This moth emergence will continue for at least another 2 to 3 weeks. The moths will deposit eggs for a second generation in fields in pretassel to early silk. Pupation has begun in south-central Illinois, and emergence of moths will begin in about another two weeks. Moth emergence for the second generation in northern Illinois will not take place until early August. Black cutworm and true armyworm moths have been heavy in light traps the past three weeks. Thus far no problems have been observed or reported. foR won — Ge , eo Tea ee a ft de aontas “te oals sis ceavied bas oreo divrsdig5 “ot scConise.. osEdod pol Ser Rees eee Fe ie eae ae ee vo) an Liew 26 atistle mort Liely ath .bedaute i eat gud asics ge idsiro boxsaah - fi yosituce res a ~ i s - ey : i to Lo oceimerraera 2, 5) Eee yor gl pet a io” tne : - 7 or a4 EHS SS Sf y , | 4 : iives Shei? eel ; i aa « Sopa! weye oS Bares Tepe eae The Homeowner's Insect Problem Picnic beetles or scavenger beetles are now emerging and may soon become a nuisance in many areas. The general wet conditions occurring in most areas in May should result in moderate to heavy populations of these insects. Dry conditions during May will reduce beetle numbers. These beetles are about 1/4 inch long, shiny black with four yellow spots on their back. They are attracted to the odor of food and get into food at picnics and cookouts. They swarm onto overripe or damaged fruits and vegetables in gardens. They congregate around garbage containers and on screens of doors and windows of the kitchen. Keep vegetables and fruits picked before they become overripe and dispose of damaged produce. Sprays of malathion, diazinon, or carbaryl will help to control the beetles, but it may be necessary to repeat the applications as beetles move into the area. Check the label for application directions for each crop. For cookouts, spray the shrubbery and any nearby tall grass or weeds with one of these same in- secticides several hours before eating. A space spray of pyrethrins or dichlorves (DDVP) applied from a pressurized spray can just before eating will provide quick knockdown of the beetles. Mimosa webworms attack the leaves of honey locust and mimosa, A small pale gray to brown, active striped caterpillar can be found in a tunch of leaflets tied together with silken threads. They skeletonize these leaflets and then form a new nest. The old nest turns brown and the leaflets die. The worms now feeding are the first generation. There will be a second and possibly even a third generation this year. Spray infested trees with malathion using 2 teaspoons of emulsion con- centrate per gallon of water. This is 1 quart in 100 gallons of water. Elm leaf beetles are skeletonizing the leaves of Chinese elms, and to some extent other elm species are affected. These small, dirty, yellow to black worms can be found on the undersides of leaves. If control becomes necessary carbaryl or lead arsenate sprays are effective. The sticky substance found on leaves of shade trees, sidewalks, and auto- mobiles is most likely honeydew produced by aphids. Aphids are small green, red, or black sucking insects that suck sap from plants and excrete a sticky substance called "honeydew." A sooty mold often grows on the honeydew to blacken stems and foliage. This mold does not harm the plants. Leaves and stems being fed on by aphids may wilt and become shrivelled. For control, spray infested trees and shrubs thoroughly and with force. Use 2 teaspoons of 50-57 percent malathion emulsion concentrate per gallon of water or 1 quart per 100 gallons. Repeat the treatment as needed. Caution to Those Using Insecticides Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow ail precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. * %¥ %# # # ¥ & * % ¥ This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, Don Kuhlman, and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Illinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA, Agri- cultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology a mi fvord Feasil 2 epitome eT scaeceaeeen mene MO OED Moo We wee eM ad ee S"TROSL? 8 wba teas ay Legas ag ont sLuGouU Yess eS tecdmun atoethite ais yeui osesd tradi 4 sabeirs - iyay Dbataws steysipuioa youll afbarog ia sty wis. Goes mien |. porate ant seob 0 ani a eioted hetoiq diiust ies caluateonev qook qsHo5 oF a enieaaen cons Feu ta ayes . sorhorg Pastis ‘to moti tud.,89 aeltesd ond b edt aoedd sate oft : “ ‘veredonida ont 7 ad Loverae asbioktoss # on? betigge (TVG) ‘oad add to swobasoaa ten Yee — aevaol ant woiligdaseo deriuio avidoe eer oo Yay ‘eae yet? .gihsesa? asdise {iw serdsegod bent ay bie woud coiad oder bio ad? pice worl ‘ ao | +a porrom tavit a hub wesaa es rseey > 20 wi dreict ete femmes wi vant rile ~aenhte Fyre abe Ae oF ac Sano stS Demet S300 et solid ag nerd iv ,Stoxy pools to sevenl ae Srernh henihade LIESOLG ee Lo Aa ig ere " wabvongsd" ‘ised BE Lye k don aseb bfom ekdT vin onoogd bore HL = i. woe tty Bris Peers = si mEha Sela Then og toy : £ aivisvéd aubiges ¢ 2 # Fy BY He te Beg . y BEN 4 ee iat god ,ffobas aa . : ifil to yt hetey hi i as Potes eal dastt dt oe tae ; wpe gs fh 7 were ; Boed a PYG Thue en / Cooperative Extension Service, University @fic LiBRARY OF THE Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With ere the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A}| i 1900 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE JNIVERSTY BEEMNGS | 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 13 This thirteenth weekly bulletin on the general insect situation in Illi- nois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of T1ili- nois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agen- cies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated control measures. Each individual should cheek his own fields to determine local condi- tions. x 4 %¥ X% ¥ The most frequent question this week was what effect the hot weather might have on insects. The heat has probably hurt the crops more than the bugs. However, a siege of hot weather can cause insects to do strange things. To escape the heat and sun, some species may seek shelter in places where they normally would not be. So you can expect to find a few insects "out of place." For some species the op- timum conditions for survival may have been greatly exceeded, and populations may decrease to non-economic levels. But for some species the heat merely speeds up body processes, adds a few extra generations to the normal annual number and thus increases the insect problem. There is no “yes or no" answer to how hot weather affects insects. But unfavorable growing conditions for crops tend to accentuate the damage caused by insects. Fresent Farm Insect Problems European corn borer can be found in tne more mature fields of field corn throughout the state, but only an occasional field has enough first-generation borers to cause measurable damage. First-generation feeding may reduce yields in a few of these fields by 2 to 4 percent, but most yields in fields we have investigated will be cut no more than 0 to 2 percent. Some moths have emerged as far north as a line from St. Louis to Lawrence- ville. Pupation and moth emergence will progress northward until emergence begins about August 5-10 in northern Illinois. We can anticipate three generations of corn borer inthe southern 1/3 to1/2 of the state this year, but only two generations in the remainder of the state. It would be useless to apply insecticides now in the northern half of Il- linois for control of first generation. In southern Illinois, egg laying of second generation may be starting now in fields in late whorl to early silk. Remember that the moths will migrate from field to field. When a field becomes unfavorable for egg laying, the moths search for a favorable one. Carbaryl (Sevin) or diazinon granules can be used to control corn borer. Apply only if you find an average of one egg mass per plant when hatching has just started. Chinch bugs can be found in small numbers on corn plants in a few border rows of an occasional cornfieid. No damage is anticipated. ‘te whigweviall a7il mod te rsqood Fame AD, @.0 bap years spss Pi ° oO “EL ,OW WITRIIUE YaVae, TSaeHT wt Jawsneg ext ao nitoliqd yfieaw ddaaaswtat eid? .< “9 atelaolomodis we Pacentees Ad sigesxs adooant $hort) waviia YLIOTZEH fewdch etonfill -sistivobsnd ‘to saellod wteewnre ne whivitss toes of abner? lensesg adtoqet 2) shlatt avo aod desdo Biuods.tembivibel doah .2s i EAeep sila geam ont -— “i goa #gon ed? ,adosent oo rigs sit eynoas of .anmdds snueo ass ysideow dod Yo ageta 25 to. biuow vyileaien vaedt svat gesat¢ ge/Tore Stan vam selosqe omoe af af ads rt i msorn athf ong , Asan aria £3 ise If fields are just beginning to pollinate and there are at least 10 beetles per ear, kernel set may be impaired. It might pay to control these beetles with an applica- tion of 1 pound of carbaryl (Sevin). However, in fields where pollination is com- plete, control will not be profitable. This insect is a pest only in fields where corn has been grown four or more years in succession, Western corn rootworm adults are already present in the limited area of infestation in western Illinois. Corn leaf aphids are still present, but numbers are low. Only a few colo- nies can be found on occasional plants in northern Illinois. The aphids are more numerous in southern Illinois, but no populations of importance have been seen. The Homeowner's Insect Problem Picnic beetles, 1/4-inch shiny black beetles with four yellow spots on their backs, are attracted to food at picnics and cookouts and to overripe or dam- aged fruits and vegetables in gardens. They also congregate around garbage con- tainers and on screens of doors and windows of the kitchen. To control this insect, pick vegetables and fruits before they become over- ripe and dispose of damaged produce. Sprays of malathion, diazinon or carbaryl wiil help to control the beetles, but you may need to repeat the applications as beetles migrate into the area. Check the label for application directions for each crop. For cookouts, spray shrubbery and nearby tall grass or weeds with one of these same insecticides several hours before eating. A space spray of pyrethrins or dichlorvos (DDVP) applied from a pressurized sprayer just before eating will pro- vide quick knockdown of the beetles. Mimosa webworms are small pale gray to brown, active striped caterpillars that feed on honey locust and mimosa. There will soon be a second and possibly even a third generation this year. Spray infested trees with malathion, using 2 tea- spoons of emulsion concentrate per gallon of water (this is 1 quart in 100 gallons of water). A slug or sawfly has been feeding on hawthornes in northern Illinois. This worm eats the epidermis, and the foliage turns brown. Use carbaryl (Sevin) as a spray or dust to control this insect. Caution to Those Using Insecticides Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. Recently a city was being sprayed with malathion, a comparatively safe insecticide, to control mosquitoes. By mistake, a can of 4 toxic material, para- thion, with a label that looked like that on the malathion can, was used acciden- tally. Fortunately no harm was done. But this incident does stress the need to read the label each time you use an insecticide. %* %¥ % & This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Ran- dell, Don Kuhlman and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and Uni- versity of Illinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA, Agricul- tural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. Petty Extension Specialist in Entomology wil’ &. : 480 Tad os ete sxotd bee aganii fog of ankantgad gtr nae sre ebLeftt IL. ~SoLLUaS agents foxytie: of Mod dean cl .botisgmt a yam ooe met 2hfett at .(niveS) ivyteduss to bavegq £ to m0 idaditoxy od goa ffew foxdneo . ais PLGey EIOM to Wot mwory asad asd oxo. ese rere taal reserbaecobeeateey nee wi sottsdeotat it Teosorg YDaetis ate adaihe or MEO ache ~: ere atodmun dud D oeens iLise Jeol Amx0D »Rtenilil? oxs sua iq Lanotusnso boss ed moo aedo S Pere pegart ries ebtonktit nrsclivioa i avoyamuynt bagos to oxogali bas eqit elteed ets fortcos ot gle Mm .seys aly odal ocdery tar gontl amen oaed? ) govvolrfoib ro we sloiup siiv Sex I fame saomith mi no Seok. tad aide coftexrsasa Byridt s time ta Anaooge (sadew te th aera iso smiow dash to ysuge Pyer otek sy A a alt oS tiseant vg MOS Yi fast eared - Basset Povpgers AG Sas afsigofomedas ah Cooperative Extension Service, University of \ ee * Illinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 22, 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 14 This fourteenth weekly bulletin on the general insect situation in Illinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Present Farm Insect Problems Emergence of European corn borer moths has reached its peak in the area south of a line from Harrisburg to Carbondale (Highwey a3 )y and egg laying is pro- gressing rapidly. Moths were abundant this week as far north as Highway 50 from Lawrenceville to St. Louis, and more than 80 percent of the first-generation borers had pupated. Moth emergence in this area will reach a peak this week (week of July 25) and egg laying will progress rapidly. In central Illinois, pupation ranges from 50 to 75 percent. Some moth emer- gence has occurred, but the peak will not be reached for about another 10 days. Pupation of first-generation corn borers has just begun in north-central and northern Illinois. Thus moth emergence and egg laying will not occur in this area until about August 10. The general picture for second-generation corn borer in Illinois is not good, but neither is it devastating. In general, 1 to 2 percent of the fields of corn will have three or more mature corn borers per plant by October 1. This number indi- cates a loss of 1 to 2 percent in yieid in these fields. However, in a few areas as many as 33 percent of the fields may have an average of three or more borers per stalk by October 1, and some individual fields may lose 5 to 10 percent in yield. To decide whether or not to apply an insecticide, count egg masses per plant. If the average is one or more per plant, applications may be profitable. Use 1 es pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) or 1 pound of diazinon per acre as granules, applied by air or ground equipment. Sprays applied by ground machines will be as effective as granules in borer control, but sprays applied by airplane will be somewhat less effective. Northern corn rootworm adults are now present in numbers throughout the state, They are numerous in fields where corn has been grown consecutively for three or more years. Although these green beetles can be found in southern Illinois corn- fields, they become more noticeably numerous as you go northward in the state. In the northern two to four tiers of counties, they are quite abundant. These beetles feed on silks. If pollination has not occurred, kernel set can be affected. But if pollination has occurred, then large numbers of these beetles feeding on silks will do no damage. If pollination is just beginning and there are 10 or more beetles per ear, or silking has not started and there are 10 or more beetle: per plant, it may be profitable to apply one pound of carbaryl (Sevin) per acre. to yrievavint ,soivrel solansiud ovlieteqood fei woldsragood mi -eudiuoivpA to sgallod weiooti tt AVG. GA bos yavanG yrodet Leunds ciontirl ede Leaf 1 rg OW sade aba 7 _(astaeo%9 séssant tivyt) na yawn Wiad LL .wioetivotiyA to sgelilod : fi ; ered Agee syn E ) thos ehcoss Javonea adroge:’ ine b oF gblebt cwo- fois Slued: Learblivibrt dowd r t " cron F ad (ho Be ee ee et Penh eared 3% an fazory LP by 21S twal vet ; Lexsns 3 “id Gs figsex Livy sore eiift ri -becsequa bast loiga rivel mo ona. Sak Sons, 4 3 rereriod Bess | 3 Lic sets reaeg off io Taasten dud , hao eo serdd everh Ll be nook 8 gates is teotst rok staelq: ebmog S\fl Lf Gx to Ties yd- rotuicagy BB) tae ae sev Id 9S3TS a vadt jetove. ee WILE OU neq galdeoou oten wo 0 ‘trong el yaa gr hneald vo ati Corn leaf aphids have suddenly become abundant. This week we saw one field that had 40 percent of the tassels heavily infested. These aphids will disappear in most instances upon polien shed. Occasionally, however, the aphids will persist until harvest. We do not know why this difference occurs. Swollen light brown aphids are those that have been parasitized by wasps. Lady beetles that devour aphids may become abundant. If you notice them in great abundance, it may not be wise to apply an insecticide. Seed producers can profitably apply 1 if2 pounds of malathion per acre to control aphids. Diazinon can also be used. If the corn is still in the whorl stage and is male-sterile, 10 pounds of 10 percent phorate (Thimet) granules is the best control if all precautions are followed. We can supply only limited advice to the commercial corn farmer. With the dry weather in some areas, aphids siphoning moisture from the plant may be adding to the stress put on the corn plant. If you use an insecticide, use malathion or diazinon, but do not expect to eliminate the aphids. Armyworms are present in an occasional field of grassy corn in northern Illinois. Carbaryl (Sevin) will give adequate ccatrol where needed. Spider mites are present in some soybean fields. They cause leaf mottiing and stunting of plants. For control, hire an experienced sprey applicator to apply 3/4 pound of carbophenothion (Trithion) per acre. The mite situation is spotted, as only areas of severe moisture shortage show damage. Thrips damage can still be observed in soybeans. Ssverely infested fields have a silver sheen. Toxaphene, malathion and several other insecticides will con- trol this pest. Upcoming Farm Insect Problems Green cloverworm moths are abundant in some soybean fields. If they lav eggs in these fields, pale green worms with white stripes will defoliate the plavts. This worm "springs" or jumps by rapidly curling and uncurling its vody. It hes been a pest in Illinois in previous years. Grasshoppers are still present in some numbers on roadsides and ditchbarks but should not be confused with long-horned grasshoppers or katydids, which are also abundant on roadsides. The Homeowner's Insect Problems Picnie beetles are attracted to food at outdoor gatherings and to overripe or damaged produce in home gardens. These beetles are 1/4 inch long with four yellow spots on their backs. To control this insect in your garden, pick produce before it becomes over- ripe, and dispose of spoiled fruits and vegetables. Malathion, diazinon or carbaryl sprays will control insects when applied around garbage containers. Repeat treatments every 10 days to two weeks to control migrating beetles. You can also use these insecticides to spray shrubbery and tall grass several hours before you plan a cookout. An aerosol bomb containing pyrethrin or DDVP is also handy to control picnic beetles and other crawling or flying insects. Lfsrt see eek vd Paw As Tey i, Pas ~ Qf “Sti ye) Pee tang oie her iad * a-ls ar ay ta yest 2 ne fy = ra Sue ta NG ae. aw dea eilt .d¢aebavds anoosd ylnaschoe oved Lie ie ras . 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Evergreens defoliated by this insect usually die. Bags hanging from trees and shrubs during the winter produce many larvae the following season. These larvae emerge in the southern part of Illinois at the end of May, in central Illinois the first week or two in June and in northern Illinois at the end of June Sprays applied now in the southern areas of the state will not be effective. To control small to one-half grown bagworms, spray with 50-57 percent malathion emulsion concentrate, carbaryl or diazinon at the rate of 2 teaspoons per gallon of water, or 1 quart per 100 gallons of water. You may use 1 tablespoon of lead arsenate per gallon of water. Now is the time to spray in the north-central and northern parts of the state. Large infestations of bagworms are difficult to control, but they can be reduced by picking and burning. Spruce spider mite. This small insect can do much damage to arborvitae, spruce and juniper by sucking the juices from these plants. When the green color of the plants gives way to gray and then brown, control must be initiated immediately before serious damage occurs. Use either Aramite 15 percent wettable powder at a rate of 2 pounds per gallon of water or dicofol {Kelthane) 18.5 percent emulsifiable concentrate at a rate of 2 teaspoons per gallon or 1 quart per 100 gallons of water. Spray foliage thoroughly, especially the undersides of the leaves. Caution to Those Using Insecticides Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, Don Kuhlman and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and University of Illinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. 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Soyo Be Ou Ses Ss ol. deecsetTh ad of Deiscaee eye enaitarvesiat eo’? oe Bas ogsudcucn ative! .¢0 movl wcitn off Jo abia gaaw eid anole sbi Lad semua, fhaghs Secacgve at Moig~edaoint oA asides “Lo Tete al vel oo! Gad cae, Sen ayerce age? ugidedenes-Prvoee 1. saotteivesd .baerol foot ac ae gtiogs Losrads-teas sift vingtuetacesg oie Tsdinos sna Ta lost f ieatitted noiiewsrey-tark? opvortes horgows ey Jietisivgsg, noideransy-bitoese “Ywronl yi leisE se ayy fers ad ot ante =e To decide whether to apply an insecticide, count the egg masses on several plants in several locations in the field. Observe each leaf closely. If the average is one or more egg masses per plant, treatment may be profitable. Use 1 1/2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) or 1 pound of diazinon per acre as granules, applied by air or ground equipment. They will be equally effective. Sprays applied by ground machines will be as effective as granules against corn borer, but sprays applied by airplane will be less effective. True armyworms are feeding on corn leaves and in some caseson the silks in some grassy cornfields. In general, the worms are about full grown or have already pupated and feeding damage should soon lessen. It is too late for control in most cases. Carbaryl at 1 pound per acre will control armyworms if needed. Simyra henrici, the cattail caterpillar, which is orange and brown, is common in cornfields throughout the state. These insects eat the leaves of corn, but they have never been serious enough to justify control. Two-spotted mites are still damaging soybeans. The mites appear as small black spots on the undersides of the leaves. The problem is most acute in areas where soil moisture remains low. ffected soybeans show stunting, yellowing and browning of leaves, but the infestation is usually spotty within a field. If a field is severely affected, the mites can be controlled by applying 3/4 pound of carbopheno- thion (Trithion) per acre. This insecticide is highly toxic and should be applied only by experienced operators. Allow 7 days to elapse between treatment and harvest. Alfalfa webworms and some green clover worms are feeding on the leaves of soybeans. In the central section, however, most of the worms heve matured and are already emerging as moths. You can see these small buff-colored moths flying from the plants as you walk the rows. The moths may continue to lay eggs in the same field or scatter them in adjacent fields of soybeans or alfalfa. In another week or two it may pay to check soybean fieids again for this insect. Webworms can be readily controlled in soybeans by applying 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre. In alfalfa, use 1 pound of carbaryl per acre to control webworm and other leaf-feeding cater- pillars. Carbaryl can be used on soybeans, but it may contribute to mite buildup. Face flies and stable flies are increasing on pastured cattle. Some indi- vidual herds are averaging 10 to 20 of each of these flies per animal, and the cattle are being noticeably bothered. Horn flies are also present in moderate numbers. For pastured dairy cattle, apply 1 or 2 ounces of an oil-base spray of 2 percent ciodrin per animal every two to three days for best results against the pasture fly complex. A 1.0 percent dichlorvos (DDVP) or 0.1 percent pyrethrin oil- base spray applied at the rate or 1 or 2 ounces per animal per day dces not give as effective control as ciodrin, particularly against the face fly. Water-base sprays of the same material may be used, but control is less effective. Pay particular attention to the animal's legs and undersides when spraying. For pastured beef cattle, head oilers or backrubbers made of cloth, burlap or canvas and saturated with 5.0 percent toxaphene in oil are partly effective in suppressing face flies. However, for stable and horn flies, a water-base spray of 0.5 percent toxaphene, applied at the rate of 1 or 2 quarts per animal every three weeks, may be needed. Allow 28 days to elapse between treatment with toxaphene and jslaughter. A 2.0 percent ciodrin oil-base spray, appliea at the rate of 1 or 2 ounces (per animal every two to three days from an automatic sprayer, is an excellent way to ‘control flies on pastured beef cattle if the situation permits its use. } | | ) em . 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So koa Meet git of Dress cu > ESodeTSdO hee gs ae ep Hp pe 7 tte oa Cooperative Extension Service, University of Tllinois College of Agriculture in Cooperation With the Illinois Natural History Survey and U.S.D.A. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE August 19, 1966 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 18 This eighteenth weekly bulletin on the general insect situation in Jllinois (fruit insects excepted), prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Illinois Natural History Survey and cooperating agencies, reports general trends in insect activity and suggests abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Corn leaf aphids have disappeared from most fields south of Highway 6 ex- cept for an occasional field where, for some reason, numbers continue to hold up and the aphids are transferring to the ear and lower part of the plant. Numbers in fields north of Route 6 increased this past week but should decline this coming week. In general aphids this year have been most damaging in cornfields that have been under various combinations of stress, such as extremely thick stands, drought and weeds. Those fields with moisture available to the plants suffered the least damage. Undoubtedly this will go down as the worst corn leaf aphid year on record. Low populations of natural enemies, weather favorable for aphid survival, fertility practices and perhaps other factors have contributed to this build-up. Corn rootworm beetles are increasing in abundance in cornfields, where they are concentrating on the ears. In most fields, pollination has been completed and silk feeding is not important, but the beetles are feeding on and damaging ear tips slightly. Pollination in very late fields may be affected by silk feeding. Treat- ment with insecticides at this time will not be profitable. Do not confuse these green beetles with the small, wingless, soft-bodied green tarnished plant bug nymphs. Corn borer egg laying is progressing rapidly in northern Illinois. It appears that second-generation numbers will not be much greater than in previous years. Two-spotted mites have been present on soybeans and are now present in num- bers in some cornfields. Whether control would be profitable is open to question at this late date. Many chemicals highly effective on mites are not approved for use on soy- beans or corn. Carbophenothion (Trithion) can be used on beans at 3/4 pound per acre to within 7 days of harvest, 1.0 pound of methyl parathion, can be used to within 20 days of harvest and 1/2 pound of parathion to within 15 days of harvest. For corn do not use carbophenothion more than once per season nor closer than 21 days of har- vest or 1/2 pound of parathion closer than 12 days of harvest. These chemicals should be applied only by experienced operators. Grasshopper development is later than normal, and half-grown ones are still present. However, only rarely would control pay because numbers are small. Homeowner's Insect Problems Leafhoppers are abundant around street lights and houselights. These wedge-shaped insects may appear in swarms at night. Also, crickets are migrating from pastures and wastelands and can be found around and in houses. PULVIBe solsaoind sv ireusqood sun fissetgh to Suedlnd atomki tt We sorove 4): fevatel alomelin sas vey kage ol = wets mass V2 RL ROE eS AVS ea ait F ‘ * Pa Siitsied. 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These many-legged, brown, wirelike insects migrate from waste areas to areas in and around houses. If they become a problem, use carbaryl as a spray on the foundation of the house and out into the yard for three or four feet. Sod webworm moths can be seen flying over lawns at dusk. These buff- colored moths have been laying eggs for the past two or three weeks. If sod webworm larvae are going to be a problem, they should be causing damage now. Brown, irregu- larly shaped patches will appear in the lawn. Examine the lawn carefully for larvae. The silken cases or tunnels and freshly cut pieces of grass are the easiest means of detection. During July when there was little rain, the well-watered lawns remained green and moths laid eggs in them. But since many lawns have become green again after the rains, egg laying has spread over a more general area. First-generation sod webworm numbers were much lower this year than in the three previous years. If treatment is necessary, use 2 pounds of carbaryl or one pound of diazinon per 10,000 square feet in at least 25 gallons of water. Caution to Those Using Insecticides Before applying insecticides, read the labels carefully and follow all precautions. This will not only insure personal safety, but will also eliminate residue hazards. i i i i i i i a This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Ranvat1 Don Kuhlman and Clarence E. White, Illinois Natural History Survey and Universis, of Illinois College of Agriculture, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Reséa: Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Sent by: H. B. 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FSO yleres you “A oneta aitaso.weotel to solisriote Ito) at alicia’ lo wore eo ee Meas to BIT © aA -PevRet oo 08 meseaP 2 \ sip yor BULLETIN College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois state §=—/ County / Local Groups / U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 5, 1967 J INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NQw4, This series of weekly bulletins provides a general look at the insect situation (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Forage Insects The alfalfa weevil continues to hold the spotlight. Economic damage is occurring in most alfalfa fields south of a line from Paris to Alton. North of this line, weevil feeding is noticeable, but is not of economic importance as yet. In the area south of Highway 13, larval populations continue at the same high peak they reached a month ago. In this area, populations should begin to decline in a week or two, as egg laying slows and larvae continue to pupate. In the meantime, many fields are already overdue for their second treatment. In addition to tip feeding, larvae are also feeding on the new crown shoots. In most of the problem-fields, it would be best to cut the alfalfa (if flower buds are showing), remove the hay, and spray the new growth of the second crop. Other- wise, fields should be treated immediately when 25 to 50 percent of the terminals show apparent feeding and larvae are still present. Malathion is the preferred material to use when treating close to harvest, since no waiting period is required. However, malathion performed poorly during the cool weather this past week. Plan on applying 20 gallons of water per acre with the correct amount of insecti- cide, except for stubble sprays where 10 to 12 gallons per acre is adequate for coverage. We have observed good results with aerial applications, using 4 gallons of finished spray per acre. Rain--especially right after spraying--may reduce ef- fectiveness, requiring a repeat treatment. The following insecticides are suggested for alfalfa weevil control: 1. Methoxychlor, 1 pound, plus diazinon, 1/2 pound (Alfatox) per acre. Effective for approximately I0 to 14 days. Do not harvest for 7 days after treatment. 2. Malathion, 1 pound per acre. Effective for approximately 3 to 7 days. Do not apply if air temperature is below 60° F.; failure may result. There is no waiting period between treatment and harvest, making this an ideal choice for pasture treatment. 3. Methoxychlor, 1 pound per acre. Effective for approximately 5 to 8 days. Do not harvest for 7 days after treatment. Results from Dr. Ed Armbrust's research plots show methoxychlor to be less effective than malathion or Alfatox. ae a 4, Methyl parathion, 1/2 pound per acre. FOR USE ONLY BY EXPERIENCED APPLICATORS. Effective for approximately : to I2 days. It is already too late to use this material on fields that are to be harvested within 15 days. 55 EEE (Guthion), 1/2 pound per acre. FOR USE ONLY BY EXPERIENCED AP- PLICATORS. Effective for approximately 10 to 14 days. Do not apply more than once per cutting. It is already too late to use this material on fields that are to be harvested within 16 days. Water temperature for the spray mix should be above 55° F, Carbaryl (Sevin) recently received new label registration for use against alfalfa- weevil larvae. Field trials in Illinois showed carbaryl to be less effective than the insecticides now recommended. Pea aphid populations in forages are lower than last week. Aphid predators--such as larvae and adults of lady beetles, syrphid fly maggots, and aphis lions--are becoming numerous. Wasp parasites are also killing aphids. It appears that these natural enemies will alleviate the problem in most fields. Potato leafhoppers, a pest of alfalfa, migrate several hundred miles into the state each year from the south. The first migrant leafhoppers were found this week. They are small, green, wedge-shaped insects that skid sideways when disturbed and cause the yellowing on second and third cutting alfalfa. Spittlebugs have been hatching in northern sections. Occasional large-froth masses with green to yellow nymphs inside are present in forages in the southern sections. No economic damage is expected from spittlebugs. Snall-Grain Insects Small, recently hatched armyworms have been found in thick stands of wheat in southern and southwestern sections. They are not yet numerous enough to be a prob- lem, but they may increase as more eggs are laid and hatch. It will be another week or two before the infestation can be assessed correctly. Cool weather favors this pest. Corn Insects Black cutworm moths have been present for several weeks, and we can expect tiny cutworms to appear in comfields anytime from now on. Watch for cut plants in the low or poorly drained spots for the next several weeks. Applications of 3 pounds of toxaphene, 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin), 2 pounds of diazinon (granules are best), or 1 pound of trichlorfon (Dylox) per acre--directed as a spray at the base of the plants--will control the small worms. Worms that are one to two inches long are more difficult to control. For best results, use at least 20 gallons of water per acre, and cultivate immediately to cover the spray deposit. Follow the pre- cautions and restrictions on the label of the insecticide you use. Let's get the cutwoms early this year. Preplanting broadcast applications of 1 1/2 pounds of actual aldrin or heptachlor (do not use on dairy farms) per acre is the best insurance against a cutwom prob- len. Row treatments at planting time with these same insecticides provide erratic results against cutwoms. 23. NOT FOR PUBLICATION: SPECIAL NOTE TO FARM ADVISERS Dyfonate (N-2790), which is suggested for control of resistant corn rootworms and cutwomms in Illinois Circular 899, has not received federal label approval to date. Until label approval is granted, dyfonate should not be used for this purpose. Label approval is not expected in time for use this year. Corn borer pupation reached 40 to 50 percent in extreme southern sections, and the first moths emerged this week. Peak egg laying will probably take place in late May and early June in this area. No pupation has been recorded in the central sec- tion as yet. Homeowner Insect Problems Bean leaf beetles are damaging newly emerging garden beans. These beetles are green, yellow, tan, or red insects with a distinct black band around the edge of the wing covers. They usually have black spots on their back, but not always. They feed on the undersides of the leaves, eating irregular holes. Sometimes plants are completely defoliated in just a few days. These adults will continue to feed for several weeks. Carbaryl (Sevin), as a spray or ready-prepared dust, is effective. For sprays, use 2 tablespoons of the 50-percent wettable powder per gallon of water. Repeat treatments may be needed, if more beetles appear. Spray both the upper and lower sides of the leaves for best results. Treatments can be applied up to the day of harvest if needed. If you have a history of soil insect problems in your vegetable garden, apply diazinon at 1 ounce per 1,000 square feet before planting. To do this, mix 1/4 pint (4 fluid ounces) of 25-percent diazinon emulsion in enough water (usually 2 to 3 gallons) to cover 1,000 square feet, then rake into the soil. Clover mites are still troublesome in some homes. The cold weather slowed their activity and has prolonged the problem. These mites are tiny, orange-to-black moving specks about the size of the period at the end of this sentence. They are commonly found on window sills, curtains, walls, furniture, etc.--especially on the south and west sides of the building. They move actively about in search of a way outdoors. Pick them up with a vacuum cleaner, or use an 0.1l-percent pyre- thrum spray from a pressurized spray can for quick knockdown. Before fall, remove grass, Clover, and weeds next to the foundation, leaving a strip of bare soil at least 18 inches wide. Replanting this strip with such flowers as zinnia, marigold, chrysanthemum, rose, or salvia (which do not attract clover mites) will prevent clover-mite problems next year. Clothes moths and carpet beetles are looking forward to a summer's feast on im- properly cared for woolens. To protect woolens during the warmer months, follow one or more of these suggested programs: 1. Dry-clean or wash woolens and place them in clean, plastic storage bags or other insect-tight containers. 2. Woolens that are not dry-cleaned or washed should be hung in bright sunlight for a full day and brushed thoroughly before storing. Pay particular atten- tion to pocket interiors, cuffs, and folds when brushing. =i 3. If the storage area is not insect-tight (as is true of most closets, trunks, and boxes), vacuum the container thoroughly and spray all inside surfaces with either 5-percent DDT or 0.5-percent lindane, applied from a pressurized spray can. 4, Cedar-lined chests are usually insect-tight, but all fabrics need to be insect- free before storing. The cedar oil vapors destroy small larvae, but do not kill larger ones. As added insurance in cedar chests, you can spray the inside surfaces as suggested above or use a fumigant material. Either napthalene or PDB (paradichlorobenzine) is the fumigant commonly used in moth crystals, flakes, or balls. Use at least 1 pound of crystals, flakes, or balls for every 100 cubic feet of space. 5. The clothing itself can be protected by treating in light amounts with DDT (5-percent 0il spray or 10-percent dust) or liberally moistening with a fluoride-base fabric solution. Protection will last a year or more, unless the clothes are washed or dry-cleaned. Caution: Infants clothing should be washed or dry-cleaned before use. Keep outdoor insects out of your home by spraying the outside foundation wall of your home with 2-percent chlordane. Ants, spiders, centipedes, crickets, and other insects invade homes in search of food or for shelter. You can reduce the use of insecticides in the home by controlling these insect invaders before they enter. Buy chlordane as a liquid emulsion concentrate and dilute it with water to the proper strength (1 pint of 45-percent chlordane liquid concentrate in 3 gallons of water gives a 2-percent solution). Spray the foundation from the sill to the soil until the spray runs off. Also, spray 2 to 3 inches of soil next to the foundation wall. Spray cracks or expansion joints, along porches and around steps, also along the edges of sidewalks and driveways. In houses with crawl spaces, treat the inside of the foundation wall, as well as the outside, and spray support pillars. The average house requires about 3 gallons of finished spray. Do not spray near wells or cisterns. Do not spray shrubbery or flowers, because the oil may burn the foliage. Repeat the treatment in late sumer for protection in the fall, CAUTION: BEFORE APPLYING INSECTICIDES, READ THE LABELS CAREFULLY AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS. THIS WILL NOT ONLY INSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, BUT WILL ALSO PREVENT RESIDUE HAZARDS. kK KKK KK KKK This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Don Kuhlman, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. gt My, INSECT SURVEY 4 wr C00P¢, G Vays. ay xv BULLETIN any og College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural Histor Survey, Urbana, Illinois tate / County / Local Groups / U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating MAY Lo 1967 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE UNIVERSTY OF ILLINOIS May 12, 1967 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 5 This series of weekly bulletins provides a general look at the insect situation (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Forage Insects The alfalfa weevil feeding has slowed to some extent with the cool temperatures, but not enough to alleviate the problem. Economic damage is still occurring in most alfalfa fields south of a line from Paris to Alton. However, populations are still expected to be damaging for another two to four weeks in this area. It appears that the peak has been reached and populations are now beginning to decline in southern sections. North of this line (Paris to Alton), weevil feeding is no- ticeable, but not of economic importance. Many larvae are now pupating; new spring adults are already abundant, particularly in southern sections. These adults will feed for awhile on the alfalfa, move to wooded areas, and then remain quiet through the summer. In the fall, they will become active and deposit some eggs before hibernating for the winter. Adult feed- ing damage appears as a feathering of the leaf margins (see picture), in contrast to the skeletonizing injury of the larvae. There is no satisfactory control available for adult alfalfa weevils. In most of the current problem fields, it would be best to cut the alfalfa if flower buds are showing, remove the hay, and spray the new growth of the second crop. If the crop has been cut, but the new growth of the second crop not sprayed, watch it closely for evidence of weevil damage. If it does not green-up in two or three days and worms are present, treat Damage by adult alfalfa weevil it promptly. Other fields should be treated (feathering of leaf margins) immediately when 25 to 50 percent of the ter- minals show apparent feeding and larvae are still present. For control of alfalfa-weevil larvae, farmers making their own applications should use either malathion or a commercially prepared methoxychlor-diazinon (Alfatox) mixture. Commercial applicators can use either of the above materials or one of the more toxic insecticides like methyl parathion or azinphosmethyl (Guthion). Be sure and follow label directions for dosages, harvest limitations, and precautions when using insecticides. -2- Special note: Mr. C. E. White of the Illinois Natural History Survey recovered wasp and nematode (round worms) parasites from larvae and pupae (cocoons) of the alfalfa weevil. These parasites were killing the weevil, but not in sufficient numbers to provide control of the weevil as yet. This is encouraging; perhaps in another few years, these natural enemies or others yet to establish may help to alleviate problems somewhat. Small Grain Insects Armyworms are present in thick, rank stands of grains (wheat, barley, rye) and grasses south of Highway 40. They are still small, and only occasional fields have populations which could present problems. Along the north edge of this area, the worms were just hatched (1/16-inch) in the grain fields and about a week old in the grasses (1/4-inch to 1/2-inch). In the area south of Highway 13, the worms are generally larger, and treatments may be needed by the end of the week (May 19) in some fields. To find armyworms, examine lodged spots or the thick, rank areas first. Shake the plants vigorously, and look on the ground for the worms. If small striped worms are present, they will probably be armyworms. Do not use this count as a field average. If you find no armyworms in these spots, no further examination is neces- sary. If you find lots of them, make several additional counts over the entire field. No control is needed unless the population averages six or more per linear foot. Even then, do not apply insecticides until most of the worms are over one- half inch long. Do not confuse the striped armyworms with the transparent yellow-to-green sawflies. An armyworm has five pairs of abdominal prolegs; sawflies, six or more pairs. Sawflies do not damage wheat plants enough to require control. Apply 1 1/2 pounds per acre of toxaphene for armyworm control in small grains. There are no restrictions on use of grain. Do not feed the straw to dairy animals or livestock fattening for slaughter. Do not contaminate fish-bearing waters with toxaphene. We have suggested that dairy farmers not use chlorinated hydrocarbons on their farms. Toxaphene belongs to this group of chemicals. However, the offi- cial label permits its use on dairy farms. If it is used on or adjacent to dairy farms, avoid drift onto pastures and hay crops. Carbaryl (Sevin), 1 pound per acre, may be applied to fields adjacent to dairy pastures, but not after the heads have begun to appear. Use carbaryl on grass pastures or hay fields if armyworms are extremely abundant. But warn area beekeepers that you are applying carbaryl. Trichlorfon (Dylox), an organic-phosphate insecticide, may be used at 3/4 pound per acre to within 21 days of harvest, but the straw should not be used for livestock feed. The puparia or "flax seed" stage of the Hessian fly is abundant in some wheat fields in the southern sections. The wheat was stunted and the stands looked poor. The dark-brown flax seeds can be found behind the lower-leaf sheaths. Nothing can be done at this time for control. If Hessian flies are found to be numerous ina wheat field, the field should be harvested as soon as the moisture content reaches a safe level for storage. Otherwise, more of the straws weakened by prior feeding of the maggot stage will break over and make combining difficult. Corn Insects Flea beetles continue to feed on small corn. Newly emerging corn should be watched for the presence of small, shiny, black beetles that jump readily when disturbed and leave white scratch marks on the leaves. For control, apply 3/4 pound of -3- carbaryl (Sevin) or 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre as a band over the row. Carbaryl would be the preferred material for use on dairy farms. Black cutworms have been reported damaging corn this week. The caol, wet weather is 1deal for cutwom survival. Watch for cut plants in the low or poorly drained spots for the next several weeds. Applications of 3 pounds of toxaphene, 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin), 2 pounds of diazinon (granules are best), or 1 pound of tri- chlorfon (Dylox) per acre--directed as a spray at the base of the plants--will control the small worms. Worms that are one to two inches long are more difficult to control. For best results, use at least 20 gallons of water per acre and culti- vate immediately to cover the spray deposit. Follow the precautions and restric- tions on the label of the insecticide you use. Let's get the cutworms early this year. Preplanting broadcast applications of 1 1/2 pounds of actual aldrin or heptachlor (do not use on dairy farms) per acre is the best insurance against a cutworm prob- lem. Row treatments at planting time with these same insecticides provide erratic results against cutworms. Corn borer pupation is nearly complete in the southern tip of the state this week; moth emergence has begun and will progress rapidly during the next two to three weeks. Our best guess is that peak egg laying and hatch will occur late this month or in early June. At that time, observe early, rapidly growing cornfields for borer infestations. The area of the state expected to be most seriously affected by first-generation corn borers lies west of a line from Savana to Pontiac to Petersburg to Chester, Illinois. Pupation of overwintering borers is just beginning in the central and western sec- tions this week. Moth emergence should start by June 3 to 7 in this area, with peak egg laying and hatch between June 15 and 30. There are a few early-planted fields in this area that may bear the brunt of the egg laying; borer survival in these fields will be high. Homeowner Insect Problems Bean leaf beetles are damaging newly emerging garden beans. These beetles are green, yellow, tan, or red insects with a distinct black band around the edge of the wing covers. They usually have black spots on their back, but not always. They feed on the undersides of the leaves, eating irregular holes. Sometimes plants are completely defoliated in just a few days. These adults will continue to feed for several weeks. Carbaryl (Sevin), as a spray or ready-prepared dust, is effective. For sprays, use 2 tablespoons of the 50-percent wettable powder per gallon of water. Repeat treatments may be needed if more beetles appear. Spray both the upper and lower sides of the leaves for best results. Treatments can be applied up to the day of harvest if needed. European pine shoot moth larvae and pupae are in the tips of some mugho, scotch, and red pine. The infested tips are beginning to turn brown; they usually curl and will eventually die. No insecticide control is effective at this time. For small trees in home yards, break off the damaged tips and destroy them. -4- Are uninvited house guests having lunch in your kitchen cabinets? Many kinds of beetles and moths attack stored Food products. They can be found not only in pack- ages or containers of food, but also in the cracks and crevices of cabinets or cup- boards. At the same time you do your spring housecleaning, you can give these pests their eviction notice. Follow these three simple steps: 1. Remove all food packages from the cabinets and examine a small amount from suspect packages under a bright light for signs of insects. 2. Vacuum or carefully brush out cabinets and shelving. 3. Spray the entire inside inside surface of the empty cabinets with a 5-percent DDT or methoxychlor 011 solution from a pressurized spray can. NOT FOR PUBLICATION: SPECIAL NOTE TO RADIO AND TELEVISION STATIONS You can have University of Illinois entomologists on your station each week telling farmers how to best control their insect pests. All you do is telephone (217) 333-2614 each Friday. An automatic answering device will play a 1:40 tape summarizing the week's insect activity and forecasting next week's problems. The summary gives only the highlights. We hope you will continue to use these in-depth written reports. Contact your county farm adviser for the local angle. Have your recorder running when you call. If you are in the northern-half of I1li- nois, call between 9 a.m. and 1l a.m. each Friday. If you are in the southern-half of the state, call between 11:05 a.m. and 1 p.m. each Friday. For more information or in case of difficulty, call Mr. Cliff Scherer, Agricultural Communications Office, 330 Mumford Hall, University of Illinois, Urbana. Phone (217) 3535-47835. CAUTION: BEFORE APPLYING INSECTICIDES, READ THE LABELS CAREFULLY AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS. THIS WILL NOT ONLY INSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, BUT WILL ALSO PREVENT RESIDUE HAZARDS. A eK RE KKK RRR EK This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Don Kuhlman, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. INSECT | goulty SURVEY BULLETIN College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois 7s yw Le = i=} o Ss %, o> tity og tate / County / Local Groups / U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 19, 1967 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO.ij:6 This series of weekly bulletins provides a general look at the insect situation (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Forage Insects Alfalfa weevil populations continue high in most alfalfa fields south of a line from Paris to Alton. Populations are expected to be damaging for another two to three weeks. The prolonged period of cool weather slowed weevil development and populations did not increase greatly. With warm weather, populations could still increase before the final rapid decline occurs. North of this line (Paris to Alton), weevil feeding is noticeable, but is not of economic importance. Many larvae are now pupating; new spring adults are already abundant in many fields. Generally, these adults will not lay eggs until fall or next spring. Adult feed- ing damage appears as feathering of the leaf margins, in contrast to the the skele- tonizing injury of the larvae. In most of the current problem fields, it is too late to spray the first-growth alfalfa. Cut it, remove the hay, and spray the new growth of the second crop im- mediately. If the crop has been cut, but the new growth of the second crop not sprayed, watch it closely for evidence of weevil damage. If it does not green-up in two or three days and worms are present, treat it promptly. Other fields should be treated immediately when 25 to 50 percent of the terminals show apparent feeding and larvae are still present. There are many second-crop fields in southern sec- tions that need another spraying. For control of alfalfa weevil larvae, farmers making their own applications should use either malathion or a commercially prepared methoxychlor-diazinon (Alfatox) mixture. Commercial applicators can use either of the above materials or one of the more toxic insecticides like methyl parathion or azinphosmethyl (Guthion). Be sure and follow label directions for dosages, harvest limitations, and precau- tions when using insecticides. Potato leafhoppers continue their migration into the state from the south. These tiny, green, wedge-shaped insects that skid sideways when disturbed cause yellow- ing of second and third cutting alfalfa. No control measures are recommended at this time. -?- Small Grain Insects Amyworms are present in most thick, rank stands of wheat, barley, rye, and grass in the southern half of the state. Only occasional fields have potentially damag- ing numbers. Some fields of thick wheat averaged as many as 4 to 6 worms per linear foot of row over the entire field, but this is still a borderline count for treatment. In lodged spots, counts were as high as 15 to 20 worms per linear foot of row. Populations of armyworms vary considerably from field to field, and each field should be judged on an individual basis. In general, armyworm development in southern sections is behind normal, while wheat development is normal or slightly ahead. This could lead to more head-cutting by the worms if the wheat begins to ripen before they mature. Also, there would be a greater likelihood of armyworm migrations from wheat to corn under these conditions. South of Highway 50, armyworms are large enough in some fields for treatments to begin this week; to the north of this line, armyworms are still small (1/4-inch) and treatments should not be applied for another 10 days (May 29) or longer. Damage from mice or other rodents is noticeable in wheat fields. They cut the stems in 3- or 4-inch lengths and leave them in piles. This is not the work of armyworms. They strip the leaves and beards and sometimes cut the stem just be- low the head. To find armyworms, examine lodged spots or the thick, rank areas first. Shake the plants vigorously, and look on the ground for the worms. If small striped- worms are present, they will probably be armyworms. Do not use this count as a field average. If you find no armyworms in these spots, no further examination is necessary. If you find lots of them, make several additional counts over the entire field. No control is needed unless the population averages 6 or more per linear foot. Even then, do not apply insecticides until most of the worms are over one-half inch long. Apply 1 1/2 pounds per acre of toxaphene for armyworm control in small grains. There are no restrictions on the use of the grain. Do not feed the straw to dairy animals or livestock fattening for slaughter. Do not contaminate fish-bearing waters with toxaphene. We have suggested that dairy farmers not use chlorinated hydrocarbons on their farms. Toxaphene belongs to this group of chemicals. However, the official label permits its use on dairy farms. If it is used on or adjacent to dairy farms, avoid drift onto pastures and hay crops. Carbaryl (Sevin), 1 pound per acre, may be applied to grain fields adjacent to dairy pastures, but not after the heads have begun to appear. Use carbaryl on grass pastures or hay fields if armyworms are extremely abundant, but warn area beekeepers that you are applying carbaryl. Trichlorfon (Dylox), an organic phos- phate insecticide, at 3/4 pound per acre may be used to within 21 days of harvest, but the straw should not be used for livestock feed. Common stalk borers (whitish-brown, striped worms with a purple band around their middle) and wheat stem maggots (pale-green maggot) feed inside the wheat stem caus- ing the heads to turn white prematurely. Stalk borers concentrate more along field margins, whereas stem maggots are scattered throughout the field. Infesta- tions are spotty and not of economic importance. as anaes ~ -3- The cereal-leaf beetle preventive spray program was completed on May 15. This is a cooperative program involving the USDA, Plant Pest Control Division, and the Illinois Department of Agriculture. A total of 74,879 acres were treated by air with 4 fluid-ounces per acre of technical malathion (9.7 pounds per gallon); 40,883 acres were treated in Vermilion County, 5,120 acres in Kankakee County, and 28,876 acres in Will County. These areas were treated last July (1966) when a few, live cereal-leaf beetles were found following the 1966 spring treatment. The treatment just applied will provide further guarantee that the beetle has been eradicated from Illinois for the present. Corn Insects Black cutworms are damaging corn. Check the low spots in cornfields regularly and watch for missing plants, cut plants, or wilting plants. It may have been too wet in the usual low spots for moth-egg laying, so watch for possible damage on higher ground as well. If the stand is being threatened, apply 3 pounds of toxaphene, 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin), 2 pounds of diazinon (granules preferred and cover by cultivating), or 1 pound of trichlorfon (Dylox) per acre--directed as a spray at the base of the plants. For best results, use at least 20 gallons of water per acre and cultivate immediately to cover the spray deposit. If replanting is necessary, apply and disk-in 3 pounds of aldrin or heptachlor per acre for corn. (Heavier than normal rates areneeded for the larger worms.) Do not use aldrin or heptachlor if soybeans are to be planted, or on dairy farms. On dairy farms, broadcast and disk-in 2 pounds of actual diazinon per acre to con- trol cutworms. Flea beetles were observed damaging small corn. Newly emerging corn should be watched for the presence of small, shiny, black beetles that jump readily when disturbed and leave white scratch marks on the leaves. For control, apply 3/4 pound of carbaryl (Sevin), or 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre as a band over the row. Carbaryl would be the preferred material for use on dairy farms. Corn borer pupation is complete and moth emergence has reached 20 to 30 percent in the extreme south. In the central section, approximately 10 percent of the borers have punated. In northern sections, no pupation or moth emergence has occurred. In general, borer development in the southern-half of the state is near normal, but the corn is more delayed. Therefore, low survival of first-generation borers is expected in this area. It is too soon to assess the situation for the northern- half of the state. Soybean Insects Bean leaf beetles were observed eating holes in the leaves of newly emerging soy- beans in extreme southern sections. Damage was not severe as yet. If control becomes necessary, apply carbaryl (Sevin) or toxaphene. Homeowner Insect Problems Don't let fleas get a start in and around your home. Fleas develop in debris in the resting areas of dogs and cats. The worm stage (larva) of fleas will live and feed in such places as rugs, upholstered furniture, and dirt in flower and shrubbery beds. The worm stage is usually not noticed and is harmless, but adult is ee i ' 7 fe o = ; - +s ‘ -~ i oy _ -4- fleas suck the blood of warm-blooded animals. Your dog or cat constitutes a walk- ing bait station for fleas. Dust your dog or cat at least once each month during the warm periods (May to October) with either 4-percent malathion or 5-percent carbaryl (Sevin). This will usually prevent fleas from becoming a nuisance in your home or yard--a frequent problem by late summer. Once or twice during the cooler months (November to April), dogs and cats should also be dusted with one of these same insecticides for additional protection. Bagworms have begun to hatch in southern sections and will begin to hatch soon in the central sections. Egg hatch should be complete by June 1 in southern sections, and treatments can begin at that time. Target date for spraying in the central sections is after June 15, in northern sections after July 1. Treatments applied after the worms form l-inch or larger sacs are less effective; often, the damage has already been done. For control, spray evergreens and other shrubs having a history of problems with carbaryl (Sevin), diazinon, lead arsenate, or malathion. Read the label and follow prescribed dosages and all precautions. Are uninvitedhouse guests having lunch in your kitchen cabinets? Many kinds of beetles and moths attack stored food products. They can be found not only in packages or containers of food, but also in the cracks and crevices of cabinets or cupboards. At the same time you do your spring housecleaning, give these pests their eviction notice. Follow these three simple steps: 1. Remove all food packages from the cabinets and examine a small amount from suspect packages under a bright light for signs of insects. 2. Vacuum or carefully brush-out cabinets and shelving. 3. Spray the entire inside surface of the empty cabinets with a 5-percent DDT or methoxychlor-oil solution from a pressurized spray can. CAUTION: BEFORE APPLYING INSECTICIDES, READ THE LABELS CAREFULLY AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS. THIS WILL NOT ONLY INSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, BUT WILL ALSO PREVENT RESIDUE HAZARDS. KKK KK RK RK RK KK This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Don Kuhlman, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey, in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. tate Ra INSECT SURVEY wt (00? p, Ys jyyv? BULLETIN “ary gS College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois / County / Local Groups / U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 26, 1967 Ga INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 7 Y OF TH 96 if This series of weekly bulletins provides a general look at the insect situatio (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. HE Ligh, 1 Forage Insects Alfalfa weevil populations are beginning to decline as larvae rapidly pupate (resting stage) and overwintering adults lay fewer eggs. Spraying of the new growth of the second crop will still be needed in some alfalfa fields south of a line from Paris to Alton. Fields never treated and fields treated only once are the most likely to have problems. Small larvae are still present, so damage is expected to continue for another two to three weeks. Watch the new growth of the second crop closely; if it does not green up in a few days and worms are present, treat it promptly. Preliminary results from Dr. Ed Armbrust's research plots indicate that one-half the normal recommended rate of insecticide in as little as 5 gallons of water per acre is effective as a stubble treatment. Other more advanced second-crop fields should be treated in a conventional manner when 50 percent of the terminals show apparent feeding and larvae are still present. For control of alfalfa weevil larvae, farmers making their own applications should use either malathion or a commercially prepared methoxychlor-diazinon (Alfatox) mixture. Commercial applicators can use either of the above materials or one of the more toxic insecticides, like methyl parathion or azinphosmethyl (Guthion). BE SURE AND FOLLOW LABEL DIRECTIONS FOR DOSAGES, HARVEST LIMITATIONS, AND PRECAU- TIONS WHEN USING INSECTICIDES. Lesser clover-leaf weevil larvae can be found feeding behind leaf sheaths on red clover in the southern half of the state; they will soon hatch in northern sections. The larvae are small, gray-to-dirty-green worms with a black head. They can be found in a dirty groove or tunnel in the stem behind the leaf sheaths, in the axil of the stem, or in terminal buds. Infested plants are often stunted and stems may wilt and die. Blooms may dry up and brown prematurely. No practical control measures are known at this time. Small Grain Insects annywoms can be found in most thick, rank stands of grains and grasses in the southem half of the state. Infestations are heavy in some localized areas (as high as 20 to 30 per linear foot of row), but infestations are not generally heavy. FAlftirmmaerus - .. -2- Stands in most wheat fields are not thick enough to attract and provide good sur- vival for armyworms. In the central and south-central sections, the worms are still small (1/4-inch), and it is more difficult to assess the situation. Treat- ments will not be needed in this area until about May 31 or after. Damage from mice or other rodents is noticeable in wheat fields. They cut the stems in 3- to 4-inch lengths and leave them in piles. This is not the work of armyworms. They strip the leaves and beards and sometimes cut the stem just be- low the head. The find armyworms, examine lodged spots or the thick, rank areas first. Shake the plants vigorously, and look on the ground for the worms. If small striped- worms are present, they will probably be armyworms. Do not use this count as a field average. If you find no armyworms in these spots, no further examination is necessary. If you find lots of them, make several additional counts over the entire field. No control is needed unless the population averages 6 or more per linear foot. Even then, do not apply insecticides until most of the worms are over one-half inch long. Apply 1 1/2 pounds per acre of toxaphene for armyworm control in small grains. There are no restrictions on the use of the grain. Do not feed the straw to dairy animals or livestock fattening for slaughter. Do not contaminate fish-bearing waters with toxaphene. We have recommended against dairy farmers using chlorinated hydrocarbons on their farms. Toxaphene belongs to this group of chemicals. However, the official label permits its use on dairy farms. If it is used on or adjacent to dairy farms, avoid drift onto pastures and hay crops. Carbaryl (Sevin), 1 pound per acre, may be applied to grain fields adjacent to dairy pastures, but not after the heads have begun to appear. Use carbaryl on grass pastures or hay fields if armyworms are extremely abundant, but warn area beekeepers that you are applying carbaryl. Trichlorfon (Dylox), an organic phos- phate insecticide, at 3/4 pound per acre, may be used to within 21 days of harvest, but the straw should not be used for livestock feed. Corn Insects Flea beetles are numerous in many cornfields and more widespread damage was ob- served this week. Small corn should be watched for the presence of small, shiny, black beetles that jump readily when disturbed. They strip the green from the surface of the leaves, leaving white stripes. These beetles may transmit a bacterial-wilt disease (Stewart's disease) to corn which can reduce yields. Disease symptoms do not usually show on field com until late summer. Damage is most severe on corn under 10 inches high. If damage is severe and plants are being killed, apply 3/4 pound of carbaryl (Sevin), or 1 1/2 pound of toxaphene per acre as a band spray over the row. Only scattered reports have been received of black cutworms damaging corn. Check cornfields regularly; watch for missing plants, cut plants, or wilting plants. If the stand is being threatened, apply 3 pounds of toxaphene, 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin), 2 pounds of diazinon (granules preferred and cover by cultivating), or “35 or 1 pound of trichlorfon (Dylox) per acre--directed as a spray at the base of the plants. For best results, use at least 20 gallons of water per acre, and cultivate immediately to cover the spray deposit. If replanting is necessary, apply and disk-in 3 pounds of aldrin or heptachlor per acre (heavier than normal rates are needed for the larger worms) for corn. Do not use aldrin or heptachlor if soybeans are to be planted, or on dairy farms. On dairy farms, broadcast and disk-in 2 pounds of actual diazinon per acre to control cutworms. Corn borer moth emergence has reached 30 to 60 percent and egg laying has started in southern sections. In the central section, approximately 30 to 80 percent of the borers have pupated and first-emergence occurred this week. In northern sec- tions, pupation is just beginning. In general, first-generation corn borers are not expected to be a problem in the southern third of the state. Corn borer development is slightly ahead of normal and corn is delayed; this will result in low survival of the borers. In the area west of a line from Savana, to Pontiac, to Petersburg, to Edwardsville (where high overwintering populations exist), borer development is delayed to about the same extent as com. This could still result in good survival of first-generation corn borers on the early planted corn. Be prepared to examine these fields in late June and early July for borer feeding. Strong winds or beating rains during the time of peak moth flight could still reduce the corn borer threat in this area. Soybean Insects Bean leaf beetles continue to feed on the leaves of newly emerging soybeans in southern sections; damage is not yet severe. If control becomes necessary, apply 1 pound of carbaryl (Sevin) or 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre. Homeowner Insect Problems In southern sections, bagworm hatch will be com- plete by the end of this week (June 3). Spraying is effective after this time. In central sections, the target date for spraying is after June 15; in northern sections, after June 30. Make plans to apply treatments early this year, while the worms are small and easy to kill and before damage is evident. Carbaryl (Sevin), malathion, diazinon, or lead arsenate is effective. Follow label directions and check the plants that may be injured if sprayed with the insecticide you are using. Aphids are now abundant on some flowers and shrubs. Aphids suck the sap from the plants causing leaves to curl, turn yellow, and eventually brown if severe. They secrete a sticky substance called "honey dew'' and deposit it on leaves. Apply mala- thion or diazinon thoroughly and with force as a — See | eee -4- Spray to the foliage. Use 2 teaspoons of 50-to-57 percent malathion or 25-percent diazinon per gallon of water. Do not use malathion on African violets or cannaert red cedar. Do not use diazinon on ferns or hibiscus. Repeat treatments may be needed. Oystershell scale hatch is about complete in the central and southern sections, and the new crawlers are getting ready to set up housekeeping on shrubs like lilac, dogwood, etc. In the northern sections, it will be another two weeks (June 15 be- fore hatch is complete. They can be controlled by a careful and thorough spraying with malathion (2 teaspoons of 50-to-57 percent concentrate per gallon of water). An additional treatment will likely be needed in mid-August for second-generation crawlers. Even though scales are killed by spraying, the scale covering will per- sist for several months. Spruce spider mites are attacking evergreens. Injured evergreens show pale patches, even some killing of branches. Silken threads or webbing are usually present. To detect mites, hold a sheet of white paper under a branch and strike sharply. If mites are present, you will be able to see them moving about on the paper. To control spider mites, spray with dicofol (Kelthane) at the rate of 2 teaspoons of 18.5-percent emulsion concentrate per gallon of water, or aramite at the rate of 1 teaspoon of 15-percent wettable powder per gallon of water. Malathion is also partially effective against spider mites. Chiggers may be a problem soon. They annoy campers, picnickers, hikers, fisher- men, berry pickers, and even homeowners in their own yard on occasion. When entering possible chigger-infested areas, use a repellent such as DEET (di- ethyltoluamide). Take a warm, soapy shower or bath immediately after returning from a chigger-infested area. It takes the mites several hours to penetrate into the skin; they can often be washed off before becoming embedded. To reduce chigger infestations in a home yard, spray lightly over grass, low flowers, and shrubs with either malathion or diazinon. Don't let fleas get a start in and around your home. Fleas develop in debris in the resting areas of dogs and cats. The worm stage (larva) of fleas will live and feed in such places as rugs, upholstered furniture, and dirt in flower and shrub- bery beds. The worm stage is usually not noticed and is harmless, but adult fleas suck the blood of warm-blooded animals. Your dog or cat constitutes a walking bait station for fleas. Dust your dog or cat at least once each month during the warm periods (May to October) with either 4-percent malathion or 5-percent carbaryl (Sevin). This will usually prevent fleas from becoming a nuisance in your home or yard--a frequent problem by late summer. Once or twice during the cooler months (November to April), dogs and cats should also be dusted with one of these same insecticides for additional protection. Caution to Homeowners Using Lindane Vaporizers These electrical vaporizing units containing pelleted or crystalline lindane are being used as a means of controlling certain insects in homes and commercial es- tablishments. There are two types of vaporizers that have federal label clearance. 1. One is a continuously operated type for use in industrial or commercial build- ings only, not for home use. Prominent warnings against home use are required. -5- Homeowners are purchasing and using these units. This unit is designed to uniformly vaporize Iindane at the prescribed rate of 1 gram per 15,000 cubic feet of space per day, with a tolerance of 25 percent. Certain flying insects like flies (if not resistant to lindane) and mosquitoes are killed, but such devices have little value against roaches, carpet beetles, and other crawling insects. 2. The other type of vaporizer is one designed to vaporize a fixed amount of lindane within a short period of time. This "one-shot'' vaporizer can be used in the home, providing certain restrictions are followed. The room to be fumigated should be tightly closed; all food, persons, pets, fish, and birds should be removed before and during the treatment period. The room should be thoroughly aired before reoccupancy. The total dosage should be vaporized in 1/2 to 4 hours and should not exceed 2 grams per 1,500 cubic feet of space. The primary value of this treatment is for killing nonresistant flies, mosqui- toes, and other small flying insects. They also have some value in killing roaches, ants, silverfish, and spiders that are present and exposed at the time of application. We do not recommend the use of these devices. We consider them a possible health hazard and generally ineffective. There are other safer, more effective means of controlling insects in homes and conmercial establishments. (See University of Illinois Circular 900 'Insect Control by the Homeowner."') CAUTION: BEFORE APPLYING INSECTICIDES, READ THE LABELS CAREFULLY AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS. THIS WILL NOT ONLY INSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, BUT WILL ALSO PREVENT RESIDUE HAZARDS. Re KKK KK KEKE This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Don Kuhlman, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey, in cooperation with USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. Liv tate INSECT _ iy SURVEY Os anv? BULLETIN ary gS College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois SYN / County / Local Groups / U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE eae “June 2, 1967 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 8 This series of weekly bulletins provides a general look at the insect situation (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Small Grain Insects A orms hold the spotlight this week. They can be found in most thick, rank ae of grains and grasses. Infestations are heavy in some localized areas, but they are not generally severe. As wheat begins to ripen, watch for head cut- ting or migration of the worms into corn. Adjacent cornfields can disappear over- night under the onslaught of a hungry horde of armyworms. Severe head cutting and migrations into corn are occurring in some areas. In the area south of Highway 50, the worms are maturing rapidly and the time for treatment will be past by the end of this week (June 9). Do not panic and spray unnecessarily for armyworms. Do not make applications until most of the worms are over 1/2-inch long. An armyworm eats 80 percent of its food supply in the last 4 or 5 days of the worm stage. Predators, parasites, and dis- eases also take their toll of small armyworms and can lessen the threat in a few days. Parasites have already been killing some worms. No control is needed unless the population averages 6 or more per linear foot. Apply 1/2 pounds per acre of toxaphene for armyworm control in small grains. At the first sign of migration, treat a strip 1 to 2 rods wide in the wheat and a strip in the cornfield, using 2 pounds of toxaphene per acre. There are no restric- tions on the use of the grain. Do not feed the straw or corn forage to dairy ani- mals or livestock fattening for slaughter. Do not contaminate fish-bearing waters with toxaphene. We have suggested that dairy farmers not use chlorinated hydrocarbons on their farms. Toxaphene belongs to this group of chemicals. However, the official label pemits its use on dairy farms. If it is used on or adjacent to dairy fams, avoid drift onto pastures and hay crops. Carbaryl (Sevin), 1 pound per acre, may be applied to grain fields adjacent to dairy pastures, but not after the heads have begun to appear. Use carbaryl on grass pastures or hay fields if armyworms are very numerous (also in cornfields if migration occurs), but warn area beekeepers that you are applying carbaryl. Trichlorfon (Dylox), an organic phosphate insecticide, at 3/4 pound per acre, may be used to within 21 days of harvest, but the straw should not be used for live- stock feed. —_ ‘7; . epics tame Dire + seis See re ae a is 2-58 ow Re DW mae hE Got io) Corn Insects Flea beetles continue to damage small corn. Damage is most severe on corn under 10 inches high. If dam- age is severe and plants are being killed, apply 3/4 pound of carbaryl (Sevin) or 1 1/2 pounds of toxa- phene per acre as a band spray over the row. Seed corn beetles and a_ ground beetle were observed damaging germinating corn. The seed corn beetles (about 1/4 inch) are brown with a light tan border on their wing covers or a uniform chestnut brown; the larger ground beetle (nearly 1/2 inch) is metal- lic green. Both move about rapidly and can be found around the seed in cracks or on the surface. On the average, from 1 to 10 percent of the stand had been destroyed in fields, generally in spots. Most prob- lem fields had received a row treatment with either aldrin or heptachlor and we suspect that seed corn beetles are becoming resistant to these insecticides. Damage is greatest when germination is slow, as during cool periods. Warm temper- atures and rapid germination and growth of the seedling plant will lessen problems. No chemical control is recommended at this time. Black cutworms are causing damage in occasional cornfields. Continue to check fields and watch for missing, cut, or wilting plants. If the stand is being threat- ened, apply 3 pounds of toxaphene, 2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin), 2 pounds of diazi- non (granules preferred and cover by cultivating), or 1 pound of trichlorfon (Dylox) per acre--directed as a spray at the base of the plants. For best results, use at least 20 gallons of water per acre, and cultivate immediately to cover the spray deposit. If replanting is necessary, apply and disk-in 3 pounds of aldrin or heptachlor per acre (heavier than normal rates are needed for the larger worms) for corn. Do not use aldrin or heptachlor if soybeans are to be planted, or on dairy farms. On dairy farms, broadcast and disk-in 2 pounds of actual diazinon per acre to con- trol cutworms. In the central section, corn borer pupation ranges from 60 to 90 percent, emergence from 4 to 20 percent. In northern sections, 20 to 60 percent of the borers have pupated and first emergence occurred this week. Some larvae have not yet pupated in these sections so that egg laying will still be taking place 4 to 5 weeks from now. In the area west of a line from Savana to Pontiac to Petersburg to Edwards- ville, where high overwintering populations exist, an average of approximately 3 percent of the field corn acreage could still warrant treatment for first-generation borers. Be prepared to examine early planted fields in late June and early July for borer feeding. Forage Insects Alfalfa weevil damage is about over. As the woms mature, they stop feeding and pupate (resting stage). Spraying of the new growth of the second crop may still be justified in occasional alfalfa fields south of a line from Paris to Alton. New spring adults of the alfalfa weevil were observed for the first time laying eggs ber SPEER Es -3- in the laboratory this past week. These adults were reared from pupae collected in early March. A small percentage of the spring adults in the field will probably lay eggs. Therefore, we can expect to see small numbers of larvae on alfalfa for another month or more. It was encouraging to find as high as 8 percent of the alfalfa weevil in one field recently being killed by a parasitic nematode. Wasp parasites have also been found killing the weevil. Wasp parasites of the alfalfa weevil were released this past week in Fulton, Champaign, Christian, Logan, Macon, Mason, McLean, Menard, Piatt, Pike, Sangamon, Scott, and Vermilion Counties. During the last 2 years, this same parasite has been released in counties in the southern sections of the state. In future years, these natural enemies and others will help suppress problems somewhat. For control of alfalfa weevil larvae, farmers making their own applications should use either malathion or a commercially prepared methoxychlor-diazinon (Alfatox) mixture. Commercial applicators can use either of the above materials or one of the more toxic insecticides like methyl parathion or azinphosmethyl (Guthion). BE SURE AND FOLLOW LABEL DIRECTIONS FOR DOSAGES, HARVEST LIMITATIONS, AND PRECAU- TIONS WHEN USING INSECTICIDES. Potato leafhoppers have migrated into the state from the south and are laying eggs in alfalfa. These small, green, wedge-shaped insects that skid sideways when dis- turbed cause yellowing of second and third cutting of alfalfa. They not only re- duce hay yields, but also reduce the quality of hay by lowering its Vitamin A and protein content. Leafhopper abundance can be detected by shaking the plants over a piece of paper. If swarms of these insects are observed at cutting time, treatment of the new growth is indicated. Spray when the new growth is 2 to 6 inches tall with either 1 pound per acre of actual carbaryl (Sevin) or methoxychlor. Allow 7 days to elapse be- tween treatment and harvest when using methoxychlor. There is no waiting period for carbaryl. Stored Grain Insects Stored grain insects are lying in wait for wheat harvest, which is just around the corner in southern sections. To protect stored wheat from insect damage follow these steps: 1. Sweep up and clean out all old grain, chaff, and other debris inside and around the storage bin. 2. Apply a water-base spray of 1.5-percent premium-grade malathion (mix 3 ounces of 50-57 percent malathion emulsion concentrate per gallon of water) or a 2.5-percent methoxychlor water base (mix 14 ounces of 25-percent methoxychlor-emulsion concentrate per gallon of water) to the ceiling, walls, and floor. If the wheat is to be stored for 1 month or longer, treat it with a premiun- grade malathion dust (40-60 pounds of l-percent dust per 1,000 bushels) or spray (1 pint of 50-57 percent emulsion concentrate in 3 to 5 gallons of water). The dust is best applied on the surface of the wheat in the combine hopper; the spray, as the wheat is augered or elevated into the bin. Ww -4- Livestock Insects Its time to begin your barn fly control program before flies become too numerous. The following suggestions will provide the best results: 1. Practice good sanitation. Eliminate fly breeding sites--such as manure, rot- ting, straw, wet hay, and feed--as often as possible, preferably once per week. Spreading this refuse where it can dry makes it unsatisfactory for fly develop- ment. 2. Apply a barn spray to the runoff on ceilings and walls in all livestock build- ings. Also spot-spray outside around doors and windows and along fences in the lot. The following insecticides are suggested for this purpose: Insecticide Amount per 100 gallonsofwater Length of control dimethoate, 25 percent. (Cygon). . . « » + «4 gallons. « « « « « » «4-6 weeks diazinon, 48 percent, . . 2s «+ » « ss «2 gallons. . 4 « . «+ «2-4 weeks diazinon, SU percent. «.« 4 4 .« «4 » « « MO galions, +. 2. s.% + 42-4 weeks ronnel, .24- percent: (Korlan) a meet let -5- Infested areas in homes and buildings should be sprayed with 2-percent chlordane or 5-percent DDT from a pressurized spray can. In addition, apply 2-percent chlordane as a water-base spray to the outside foundation wall of your home in the spring and fall to help prevent spiders and other insects from enter- ing. Chiggers annoy campers, picnickers, hikers, fishermen, berry pickers--even homeowners in their yard on occasion. These tiny mites burrow into a skin pore and cause a red blotch. The blotches itch and do not subside for a week or more. There is Black wtdow little that can be done to alleviate the problem once the mites sptder become embedded. The mites attack where clothing is tight against the skin. When entering possible chigger-infested areas, use a repellent such as DEET (di- ethyltoluamide). Take a warm, soapy shower or bath immediately after returning from a chigger-infested area. It takes the mites several hours to penetrate into the skin; they can often be washed off before becoming embedded. To reduce chigger infestations in a home yard, spray lightly over grass, low flowers, and shrubs with either malathion or diazinon. First-generation mimosa webworms will be hatching soon on honey locust and mimosa trees. These are small, gray-to-brown, striped, active caterpillars that use a silken thread to tie abunch of leaflets together. They skeletonize these leaflets and then form a new nest. The old nest turns brown and the leaflets die. There will be a second generation and possibly a third generation later on. Spray in- fested trees with malathion, using 2 teaspoons of emulsion concentrate per gallon of water. This is 1 quart in 100 gallons of water. Repeat treatments may be needed. Euonymus scale crawlers are setting up housekeeping on the branches and leaves of euonymus. The male scales are white and quite conspicuous; the female scales are brown and less readily seen. Infested plants should be sprayed immediately and again in about two weeks. Apply malathion, using 2 teaspoons of 50-to-57-percent emulsion concentrate per gallon of water. Begin bagworm spraying in the central sections this week. Carbaryl (Sevin), mala- thion, diazinon, or lead arsenate are all effective. Follow label directions and check the plants that may be injured if sprayed with the insecticide you are using. In the southern half of the state, first generation elm leaf beetles are skele- tonizing the leaves of Chinese elms, and to some extent other species of elms. These small, dirty yellow-to-black worms can be found on the undersides of leaves. If control becomes necessary, spray with carbaryl (Sevin), using 2 pounds of 50- percent wettable powder per 100 gallons of water; with lead arsenate, use 4 pounds of wettable powder per 100 gallons of water. An additional treatment may be needed for second-generation worms in late July or August. CAUTION: BEFORE APPLYING INSECTICIDES, READ THE LABELS CAREFULLY AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS. THIS WILL NOT ONLY INSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, BUT WILL ALSO PREVENT RESIDUE HAZARDS. AK RK KK KK KKK This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Don Kuhlman, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey, in cooperation with USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. aa ee He INSECT om, SURVEY e fy: BULLETIN College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois *airy og State / County / Local Groups / U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE wisht Z S6f June 23, 1967 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO, dali ius This series of weekly bulletins provides a general look at the insect situation (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Corn Insects European corn borer egg laying is declining in the central sections; egg laying 1s presently at its peak in the northern sections (north of Highway 6). In the west-southwest and west-central sections, egg counts ranged from 30 to 100 per 100 plants; 20 to 90 percent of the plants were showing recent whorl feeding in the most advanced fields. The average height of the corn in these fields was 40 to 57 inches, with tassel ratios of from 8 to 26. Egg counts in the northern sections varied from 20 to 100 per 100 plants (mostly unhatched); 5 to 20 percent of the plants were showing recent whorl feeding in the most advanced fields. The average height of the corn in these fields was 35 to 44 inches, with tassel ratios of from 5 to 12. Examine the rapidly-growing, most-advanced fields in west-southwest (especially in bottom land areas) and west-central sections for com borer infestations. Treatments, if needed, should be underway in the west-southwest section and should be started this week in the west-central section. Begin checking the advanced fields in the northern sections this week for corn borer infestations. Treatments, if needed, should begin about July 1. In many areas, there are no exceptionally advanced fields, and the moths are scat- tering their eggs over many fields instead of concentrating them in a few. The heavy rains this week may have killed many moths. In addition, a protozoan dis- ease is quite common in recently collected pupae and adults (60-percent infection). The rains plus the disease could shorten the egg-laying period and help reduce the number of corn borers. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, measure the tassel ratio of the field and determine the percent of plants with recent feeding in the whorl leaves. To determine the tassel ratio, measure the height of the plants with leaves extended; split the stalk open and measure from the tip of the develop- ing tassel to the base of the plant; divide the tassel height by the plant height; and multiply by 100. That figure is the tassel ratio. If the tassel ratio is at least 35 (preferably 40 to 45) and at least 75 percent of the plants show whorl feeding, treatment is justified. Use 1 pound of actual diazinon in granular form per acre or 1 1/2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as granules. For spraying, use the Same amount of actual insecticide per acre, and direct the spray to the upper third aa of the plant. Aerial applications should be granules, not sprays or dusts. Allow 10 days between treatment and ensiling of corn when applying diazinon; carbaryl has no waiting period. Commercial applicators may prefer to use EPN or parathion; they also provide good control of the corn borer. Parathion has a 12-day waiting period between treatment and harvest; EPN, a 14-day waiting period. Black cutworm populations are declining as the worms pupate. Damage from this generation 1s practically over, with the possible exception of the northern sec- tions. Corn rootworms can be found feeding on corn roots in occasional cornfields. The worms are less than half grown. It is too soon to predict overall abundance and damage. Common stalk borers are feeding in the whorls of some corn plants and the stalks of oats. These whitish-brown striped worms with a purple band around their mid- dle cause irregular holes in unfolding corn leaves; in oats, the heads turn white prematurely. Damage is most common along the edges of fields--especially adjacent to fence rows, ditch banks, roadsides, grass waterways, etc. Yellow striped army- worms (velvety black with yellow stripes) are also present in the whorls of occa- sional corn plants. Injury is of little consequence and by the time the stalk borers or armyworms are found, it is too late for an insecticide to be effective. Small Grain Insects Armyworm populations have decreased rapidly and control measures need only be ap- plied in a few special instances. It is now too late for maximum benefits from control programs. Armyworm moths are large buff-colored insects; they usually have a tiny white dot on the top of each front wing. In a week or two, they will emerge in large numbers and fly northward, unless unseasonably cool or extremely wet weather keeps them from flying. In the northern sections, late-maturing oats, grassy cornfields, and grass pastures should be watched from early-to-mid July for the presence of armyworms. Soybean Insects Clover root curculio and clover leaf weevil are damaging small soybeans planted after Clovers. Damage has also been observed in marginal rows of soybeans next to a clover field that has been recently plowed or cut. The weevils are gray- or brown-snout bectles that play dead when disturbed. They eat notches in the leaves and gouge holes in the stem near ground level. The larvae of the clover root curculio are grayish-white legless worms that feed on the roots, pitting and scar- ring the surface and occasionally burrowing into the root. No control is avail- able for the larvae. If needed for adults, band spray 1 pound of carbaryl or 1 1/2 pounds of toxaphene per acre. Carbaryl may result in a mite build-up in occasional fields. Other insecticides may also be effective. Yellow and black grass thrips (about 1/16-inch long) are abundant in the whorl leaves of corn and on soybean leaves. A few fields have been reported as being damaged by these insects. The thrips rasp the surface of the leaves, making sil- very patches. Plants will usually outgrow the damage and rain helps. If plants are being seriously injured, use carbaryl (Sevin) at 1 pound per acre in corn or malathion at 1 pound per acre in soybeans. Carbaryl may result in a mite build- up if used on soybeans. ais Forage Insects Spittlebug adults are numerous in many clover and alfalfa fields in northern sec- tions. Some froth masses are still present. But as the bugs mature, these masses will disappear. The adults are tan, brown, black, or brown-and-white mottled, wedged-shaped, jumping insects (1/4-inch). They will spread out now and feed on a variety of crops until late August. Then they will return to the clover fields to lay their eggs. Homeowner Insect Problems Plan your home fly control program now before flies become too numerous. Follow these steps: 1. Be sure garbage and refuse containers have a solid bottom and a tight lid. They should be emptied at least once (preferably twice) each week. 2. Scatter boron (Borax) powder on the soil beneath garbage or refuse containers to kill any maggots that may pupate on the soil. 3. Keep window and door screens in good repair to prevent flies from entering. 4. In attached garages, under breezeways, or on porches, hang one dimetilan fly band (Snip fly band) per 75 square feet. Wipe the bands about once each month with a damp rag to remove dust deposits. Flies landing on the bands will be killed before they can enter the house. The bands will kill flies for a full season. 5. Hang one 20-percent dichlorvos (DDVP Vapona) plastic resin strip for every 1,000 cubic feet of space (about one perroom) in the kitchen and in other rooms where flies congregate. The dichlorvos vaporizes slowly, killing flies and mosquitoes without harming people or pets. These strips are effective for about 4 to 6 weeks. As an added precaution, hang the strips out of the reach of children and away from fish bowls or food counters. In place of the dichlorvos resin strips, you can use a 0.1-percent pyrethrum space spray, applied from a pressurized can for quick knockdown of flies and mosquitoes. Repeat treatments will be needed with the space spray. First-generation elm leaf beetles are skeletonizing the leaves of Chinese elms in the central sections. The small dirty yellow-to-black worms feed on the under- sides of the leaves. Commonly, they congregate in large numbers next to the trunk at ground level when ready to pupate. A spray of carbaryl (Sevin)--using 2 pounds of 50-percent wettable powder per 100 gallons of water--or lead arsenate--using 4 pounds of wettable powder per 100 gallons of water--is effective. An additional treatment may be needed in late July in southern sections, in August in the central sections, for second-generation worms. Cottony maple scales are present in some areas on soft maples and other trees and shrubs. the appearance of white waxy masses (contain hundreds of eggs) on twigs and branches is the identifying characteristic. (Heavily infested branches may look somewhat like they are decorated with popcorn.) These eggs laid by the - ’ \ ™ \ 7 a 7 al ~ — a a 6f - -4- overwintering female will now hatch, and the young scales will move to the leaves to suck sap. At times, infestations may be heavy enough to kill twigs and branches-- even entire trees. Apply a malathion spray (1 quart of 50- to 57-percent emulsion concentrate per 100 gallons of water) in early July (central sections) after the eggs have hatched. CAUTION: BEFORE APPLYING INSECTICIDES, READ THE LABELS CAREFULLY AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS. THIS WILL NOT ONLY INSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, BUT WILL ALSO PREVENT RESIDUE HAZARDS. This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Don Kuhlman, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey, in cooperation with USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. A\3 UTE Ny INSECT SURVEY a BULLETIN “ary og > College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois (0 ne ey “01s ayy County / Local Groups / U. S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating CRUSE Gey FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE “oS TT OF Wee sume 30, 1967 / “mi ¢ ad 79 INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 12° ~ ‘47 k wile F This series of weekly bulletins provides a general oct the insect situation (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Corn Insects European corn borer moth flight and egg-laying are almost complete in the southern two-thirds of Illinois; egg hatch is more than 90 percent complete in this area. Egg-laying is declining in the northern sections (north of Highway 6). In the west- southwest and west-central sections, some fields had 30 to 60 percent of the plants showing recent whorl feeding; a few advanced fields had 100-percent whorl feeding. Corn heights in these fields ranged up to 78 inches, with tassel ratios of 22 to 53. Many cornfields are over 50 inches in height in the western part of the state. Examine the rapidly-growing, most advanced fields (especially in bottonland areas) for corn borer infestations. For optimum results, treatments in the southwest sec- tion should be completed by now. Treatments, if needed, should be underway in the west-central section. In the northern sections, treatments, if needed, should be- gin about July 1. Many fields of advanced corn now have 30 to 60 percent of the plants showing whorl feeding and a tassel ratio of 30 or over. These fields do not justify treatment for control of first-generation corn borers. However, in these fields that have an adequate tassel ratio for borer survival (35 or more), there is a high potential for a second-generation brood to appear in late July. The combination of rains, delayed planting, and earlier-than-usual borer develop- ment has thwarted the corn borer in most areas. The mortality rate of newly hatched larvae has been high on corn with a tassel ratio of less than 35. Many plants with whorl feeding 10 days ago are now free of it, due to the high mortality rate of the larvae. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, measure the tassel ratio of the field and determine the percentage of the plants with recent feeding in the whorl leaves. To determine the tassel ratio, measure the height of the plants with leaves extended; split the stalk open and measure from the tip of the developing tassel to the base of the plant; divide the tassel height by the plant height; and multiply by 100. That figure is the tassel ratio. If the tassel ratio is at least 35 (preferably 40 to 45) and at least 75 percent of the plants show whorl feeding, treatment is justified. Use 1 pound of actual diazinon in granular ee form per acre orl 1/2 pounds of carbaryl (Sevin) as granules. For spraying, use the same amount of actual insecticide per acre, and direct the spray to the upper third of the plant. Aerial applications should be granules, not sprays or dusts. Allow 10 days between treatment and ensiling of corn when applying diazinon; car- baryl has no waiting period. Commercial applicators may prefer to use EPN or parathion; they also provide good control of the corn borer. Parathion has a 12-day waiting period between treatment and harvest; EPN, a 14-day waiting period. Corn rootworms are feeding on corn roots in occasional cornfields. The woms are less than half-grown. An exception was a field of 4- to 8-inch corn in the west- central section; in it, almost full-grown northern corn rootwom larvae were caus- ing damage. If corn borers and rootwoms are a problem in the same field, a granular applica- tion of a phosphate insecticide will give some protection against both pests. Some of the granules will stick in the whorl and kill the borers. The rest will drop to the ground. Use hillers to throw the soil around the base of the plants. This method will not give maximum control of either rootwom or corn borers. For rootwom control, it would be better to concentrate the phosphate at the base of the plants and incorporate by cultivation. Garden symphylids were found in the second field of corn on record in Illinois. This is a small, white, centipede-like insect with a pair of legs on each body segment and bead-like antennae. No known insecticide will give good control. Soil insecticides such as aldrin or heptachlor are ineffective. As near as can be de- termined, there is no relation between cropping practice and the incidence of this pest. Corn leaf aphids have been found in a few fields in southwestern Illinois. It is still early to determine how serious this insect will be in 1967, since it migrates into Illinois. Pale-green leafhoppers have been observed in some young stands of corn. When they are numerous, damage can occur. If they are damaging young corn, carbaryl (Sevin) at 1 pound per acre will control them. Livestock Insects Stable flies on cattle (both in pasture and drylot) are more numerous than is nor- mal for this time of year. At the same time, face flies are few in number, as are horn flies. Flies on cattle kept in drylot are best controlled by good sani- tation practices (to eliminate breeding sites) and by using barn sprays. Apply a barn spray to the point of runoff, using either dimethoate (Cygon), diazinon, or ronnel (Korlan). All are cleared for use in dairy, beef, swine, sheep, and horse barns. Cover feed and water troughs before spraying. Do not spray the animals themselves. Flies on animals on pasture are best controlled by spraying the cattle with an in- secticide. For pastured dairy cattle, apply 1 to 2 ounces of an o01il-base spray of 2-percent Ciodrin per animal every 3 to 4 days. A 1-percent dichlorvos (DDVP) or a 0.1-percent pyrethrin oil-base spray applied at the rate of 1 to 2 ounces per animal every day or two can also be used. Water-base sprays of the same material may be used, but control is less effective. Pay particular attention to the legs and underside of the animals when spraying. eu For pastured beef cattle, apply a water-base spray of 0.5-percent toxaphene, using 1 to 2 quarts per animal every three weeks. Allow 28 days to elapse between treat- ment and slaughter. Compared with spraying, back rubbers are only partially effec- tive against horn flies and stable flies. A 2-percent Ciodrin oil-base spray-- applied at the rate of 1 to 2 ounces per animal every 3 to 4 days fran an automatic sprayer--is an excellent way to control flies on pastured beef cattle, if the situ- ation permits its use. Forage Crop Insects Striped blister beetles have been observed feeding on alfalfa. They rarely do much damage to the plants, but can cause alfalfa that is used as green chop to be un- palatable when these beetles are mixed in the forage. If these beetles are numer- ous in forage, cut and fed in drylot, they can be controlled with 1 pound of car- baryl (Sevin) per acre. There is no limitation between spraying and harvest. Soybean Insects Thrips, commonly found last week on the whorl leaves of corn and on soybean plants, have been reduced by rains and rapidly growing corn. These insects rasp the leaves and give the leaves a silvery appearance. Homeowner Insects Squash bugs are appearing on vine crops in vegetable gardens. As adults, these in- sects are very difficult to kill. Carbaryl (Sevin) will control newly hatched nymphs. Apply as dust or as a thorough spray to both sides of the leaves. Insec- ticides should be applied late in the day to vine crops to avoid bee kill. Ants entering homes at this time of year can be successfully controlled with a foundation spray of 2-percent chlordane. For the average-sized house, use 1 pint of 45-percent chlordane in 3 gallons of water and spray the foundation to the point of runoff. Spray cracks and expansion joints around walks and steps. This treat- ment will also reduce many other nuisance insects such as crickets and waterbugs. First-generation elm leaf beetles are skeletonizing the leaves of Chinese and other elms in the central and northern Illinois areas. The small, dirty yellow-to-black worms feed on the undersides of the leaves. Commonly, they congregate in large numbers next to the trunk at ground level when ready to pupate. A spray of car- baryl (Sevin)--using 2 pounds of 50-percent wettable powder per 100 gallons of water--or lead arsenate--using 4 pounds of wettable powder per 100 gallons of water--is effective. An additional treatment may be needed in late July in south- em sections for second-generation worms. Bagworm hatch is complete in northern Jllinois and larvae are feeding. Treatments should be made when the worms are young and easy to kill, before severe damage is done. Carbaryl (Sevin), malathion, diazinon, or lead arsenate are effective. Fol- low directions on the label and check the plants that may be injured if sprayed with the insecticide you are using. pes CAUTION: BEFORE APPLYING INSECTICIDES, READ THE LABELS CAREFULLY AND FOLLOW ALL PRECAUTIONS. THIS WILL NOT ONLY INSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, BUT WILL ALSO PREVENT RESIDUE HAZARDS. This weekly report was prepared by H. B. Petty, Steve Moore, Roscoe Randell, and Don Kuhlman, University of Illinois College of Agriculture and Illinois Natural History Survey, in cooperation with USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Branch, from information gathered by entomologists and cooperators who send in weekly reports from their own localities. INSECT gt SURVEY BULLETIN — nas College of Agriculture University of Illinois and Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois Nw wt C00P¢, Z 4, % 3\ pe apt Sidicig Eby state / County / Local Groups / U. S. Deparment of Agriculture Cooperating fl BicM ad Tir FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE «9 1387 guly 7, 1967 } i Ghity: yeTY [is php epives INSECT SURVEY BULLETIN NO. ik faa VU OSELLNEDS This series of weekly bulletins provides a general look at the insect situation (fruit insects excepted), along with suggested, abbreviated control measures. Each individual should check his own fields to determine local conditions. Corn Insects Corn leaf aphids can be found in the whorl of corn in the southern half of the State. Individual aphids--not colonies--can be found in some cornfields in the northern half of the state. Aphids are also present on grasses and will soon move to the corn. Many winged forms were observed this week indicating that aphids are migrating at this time. Occasional fields of corn in the late whorl stage (occasional tassels showing) in the southern half of the state have heavy aphid numbers. Leaf aphid infestations usually begin when the tassel is deep in the whorl, reaching their peak between tassel emergence and the end of pollen shed. Infestations decline rapidly after pollen shed except for occasional fields where populations remain high until harvest. To decide whether an insecticide can be profitably applied, examine fields of corn grown for grain when a few tassels begin to show. If 50 percent or more of the plants have some aphids (a few heavy) and corn is under stress (as from low soil moisture, fertility, disease, etc.), treatment is justified. If growing condi- tions are good, continue to watch the infestation; if 15 percent or more of the plants become heavily loaded with aphids, then treat immediately. Seed fields should be treated if 50 percent or more of the plants have some aphids (only a few heavy), even if the corn is not under stress. In general, applications after all the silks have dried are disappointing. Spray treatments by ground or air with 1 pound of malathion or diazinon per acre will control the aphids. Allow 5 days between treatment and harvest for grain, ensilage, or stover when using malathion. There is no waiting period between treatment and harvest for grain when using diazinon, but allow 10 days to elapse before making ensilage or stover. Seed producers may prefer to use either diazi- non or phorate (Thimet) as granules at 1 pound per acre of actual insecticide if corn is still in the late whorl stage. Use phorate only on male-sterile corn to avoid potential hazards to detasselers. European corn borer egg laying is about complete in northern sections, and some borers are beginning to tunnel into stalks. Insecticide effectiveness is greatly reduced once the borers leave the whorl and enter the stalk. Treatments should ae have been completed by this week in this area. Many fields were observed with from 20 to 50 percent of the plants infested, but a 75-percent infestation of plants is the threshold for treatment. A large seed crop of first-generation borers exists so that second-generation populations could be high in August. The second-generation moths will concentrate their egg laying in the late-maturing cornfields. The area most likely to experience second-generation corn borer dam- age lies west of Highway 51 and north of Highway 460. Corn rootworm larvae continue to feed on corn roots. Damage has been reported in a few fields of continuous corn where aldrin or heptachlor have been used for sev- eral years. This indicates a continued buildup and spread of the resistance prob- lem reported in past years. Two reports of rootworms killing small, newly emerg- ing corn have been received. The worms were feeding on the underground portion of the stalk, much like a wireworm, eating the heart and killing the plant. A basal treatment with a phosphate insecticide cultivated-in may be helpful if dam- age persists. In general, the woms are maturing rapidly and there will be little to gain from applying a granular phosphate or carbamate insecticide (diazinon, phorate, para- thion, disulfoton, Buxten) at the base of the plant as a lay-by treatment. The exception to the rule is if the majority of the worms are still small. A mature rootwom larva is about 1/2-inch long. Soybean Insects Leafhoppers are damaging both soybeans and small corn, particularly in western sections. These small, green, ''gnat-like'’ insects are the same leafhopper that attacks alfalfa. They cause leaves to yellow and brown (die back from tip) when severe. The term "hopper burn'' is used to describe their injury on potatoes. If needed, a spray containing 1 pound of malathion per acre for soybeans or 1 pound of carbaryl (Sevin) per acre for corn will control this insect. Yellow and black grass thrips are still present on soybeans and in the whorl leaves of corn. Their feeding appears as tiny, white streaks on the leaves. They also can be found feeding in the flowers, and there is some evidence that they may cause a distorted pod formation. Some soybean fields in southern sec- tions have high populations (20 per leaf) and damage is evident. If plants be- come seriously affected, use a spray of malathion at 1 pound per acre in soy- beans or carbaryl (Sevin) at 1 pound per acre in corn. Two-spotted spider mites have been reported damaging soybeans in the west- southwest section. Mites are more likely to become numerous when the weather turns hot and dry. These mites appear as small black spots on the undersides of leaves. Usually, a fine web is also apparent. Affected soybeans show stunting, yellowing, and browning of leaves, but the infestation is usually spotty within a field. Severely affected fields should be sprayed with 1/2-pound of azinphosmethyl (Guthion) or 3/4-pound of carbophenothion (Trithion) per acre to control the mites. These insecticides should be applied only by experienced operators, as they are highly toxic. Azinphosmethyl has a 21-day waiting period between treatment and harvest, carbophenothion a 7-day waiting period. Do not feed soybeans sprayed with either of these insecticides as forage to dairy animals or livestock fatten- ing for slaughter. sae Small-Grain Insects An aerial spray program to eradicate the cereal leaf beetle was started this week, according to Mr. Robert Bills, Plant Pest Control Division, Agricultural Research Service, USDA. Technical grade malathion (9.7 pounds per gallon) was applied by air at 4 fluid ounces per acre. Mile-radius areas will be treated at each site where a few cereal leaf beetles (1 to 3) were found recently in Will, Kankakee, Iroquois, Vermilion (overlap on treatment into Champaign County), Edgar, and Woodford Counties. These infestation sites in Will, Kankakee, and Vermilion Counties are different from those treated this spring. The beetle had not been found in Iroquois, Edgar, and Woodford Counties until just recently. By contin- ued detection and treatment, it is hoped that the insect can be prevented from becoming established in Illinois. Forage Insects Potato leafhoppers are damaging alfalfa in some areas. These small, green, wedge- shaped insects (1/16-inch) cause yellowing, purpling, and stunting of alfalfa, and reduce both the quantity and quality of the hay. If swarms of these leafhoppers are observed at cutting time, treatment of the new growth is indicated. Fields with severe damage will not recover. Thus, clip and remove; then spray the new growth. Spray when the new growth is 2 to 6 inches tall with either 1 pound per acre of actual carbaryl (Sevin) or methoxychlor. Allow 7 days to elapse between treatment and harvest when using methoxychlor. There is no waiting period for carbaryl. Carbaryl is toxic to bees and should not be applied to alfalfa in bloom. Small grasshoppers are abundant in fence rows, ditch banks, roadsides, grass waterways, and hay fields in some localized areas. The infestation is not gen- erally heavy. The areas of high infestation were most likely those that rain showers missed in June when the overwintered eggs were hatching. Most of the eggs should have hatched by now. If young ‘hoppers are numerous, spray immedi- ately before they have a chance to migrate to corn or soybeans. Carbaryl (Sevin) at 3/4 pound per acre as a spray is best for grasshoppers. Di- azinon at 1/2 pound, malathion at 1 pound, or naled (Dibrom) at 3/4 pound per acre are also effective. When treating forage crops, allow 7 days between treat- ment and harvest with diazinon, 4 days with naled. There is no waiting period for carbaryl or malathion. Homeowner Insect Problems Evergreens (not treated in early-to-mid June) are being injured by bagworms in the southern and central sections. The leaves turn brown and large numbers of worms in their protected cone-shaped brown bags (about 1/2-inch long) can be found clinging to the leaves and branches. Sprays of carbaryl, malathion, diazi- non, or lead arsenate are effective. Follow directions on the label, and check plants that may be injured if sprayed with the insecticide you are using. Mala- thion would be the preferred insecticide if mites are also present. To check for mites, hold a piece of white paper beneath a branch and jar the branch. The mites appear as small, black, moving specks on the paper. Ants, spiders, crickets, millipedes, sowbugs, roaches, and other crawling insects continue to enter homes. If you sprayed the foundation wall of your house in May, it may need another treatment now. -4- Buy chlordane as a liquid emulsion concentrate and dilute it with water to the proper strength (1 pint of 45-percent chlordane liquid concentrate in 3 gallons of water gives a 2-percent solution). Spray the foundation from the sill to the soil until the spray runs off. Also, spray 2 to 3 inches of soil next to the foundation wall. Spray in cracks or expansion joints, along porches and around steps, also along the edges of sidewalks and driveways. In houses with crawl spaces, treat the inside of the foundation wall, as well as the outside, and spray support pillars. The average house requires about 3 gallons of finished spray. Do not spray near wells or cisterns. Do not spray shrubbery or flowers, because the oil may burn the foliage. Repeat the treatment in late summer for protection inthe fali. If you have noticed a sticky substance on the leaves of trees, shrubs, or flowers, chances are that aphids are present. Cars parked beneath infested trees become covered with these sticky spots. These small, green, black or red, soft-bodied sucking insects secrete a sticky substance called "honeydew.'' White specks are usually visible on the leaves; these are the cast-off skins of the aphids. Ants are often attracted to the sugary material, and an abundance of ants on plants may indicate aphids. The leaves of heavily infested plants will curl, yellow, and turn brown. Damage is accentuated when soil moisture is low. For control, spray foliage thoroughly, using 2 teaspoons of 50- to 57-percent malathion or 25-percent diazinon emulsion concentrate per gallon of water. Do not use mala- thion on African violets or cannaert red cedar. Do not use diazinon on ferns or hibiscus. Tomato hornworms and tomato fruitworms (corn earworm) are attacking tomatoes in the southern half of the state. Spray with carbaryl (Sevin), using 2 tablespoons of 50-percent wettable powder per gallon of water. Repeat the treatment every week if worms persist. There is no waiting period between treatment and harvest. Mosquito populations continue to be high in many areas. This is fast becoming a record year for this insect, probably as a result of the wet weather during May and June. To reduce the number of mosquitoes, follow these steps: (1) Eliminate standing water in such places as eave troughs, old tires, tin cans, childrens' toys, stom sewers, etc. (2) Apply a water-base spray containing l-percent malathion (2 ounces of 50- to 57-percent liquid emulsion concentrate per gallon of water) to shrubbery and tall grass. Repeat the treatment every week or two if needed. (3) Keep the screens on doors and windows in good repair. (4) Hang plastic resin strips (2" x 10") containing 20-percent dichlorvos (DDVP)--one strip per 1,000 cubic feet of space, or about one per room. These strips will kill mosquitoes and flies for 4 to 6 weeks. As an added precaution, hang the strips where children can't reach them and away fron fish bowls and food counters. - ™ thet. 7 "ai 9 » 44 an : ") { are ' Oye Weed ee awe are ct ie roe ‘ cee a ee ec ee ee ree ae ae a “ ‘ ¢ ot : * o% iiaSne —wanasenimes amen snl Shes larmn ebaicisinceneatSla fie ne: ne Se — —_ == FARMS WITH CONTINUOUS CORN Northern and western corn rootworm populations increase rapidly in fields where corn is grown for 3 or more years in succession. The beetles emerge in late July and August, feed on silks and pollen, and deposit eggs in the soil. The eggs hatch into larvae the following June. The larvae feed on the corn roots and by early August, the corn begins to lodge. Until recently, aldrin or heptachlor (as soil insecticides applied at or before planting) provided excellent protection. However, in 1962, northern corn rootworms highly resistant to aldrin and heptachlor appeared. By 1965, there were individual problem fields in almost every county in the northern half of Illinois. This trend continued in 1966, and the extent of the resistance problem increased. By 1967, failures to control rootworms were common in the northern half of Illinois, and corn lodged in many fields where corn had been grown for 3 or more years continu- ously. At present, if you have grown corn for 3 years or more in succession in the field and if there were lots of green beetles in the fresh silks during August, you probably have resistant northern corn rootworms. In 1967, western corn rootworm attack caused severe lodging and yield losses in many fields in Mercer County and neighboring counties. This rootworm species is now present in all counties north and west of a line from Quincy to Peoria to Bel- videre, and an occasional specimen could be present in every county in the north- erm half of Illinois. Furthermore, all western corn rootworms in Illinois are highly resistant to aldrin and heptachlor. In 1968, commercial damage from this rootworm may occur in Hancock, Henderson, Mercer, Rock Island, Whiteside, Lee, Bureau, Henry, Knox, McDonough, Peoria, Stark, Fulton, and Warren counties. Viewing the extent of the population and the resistance to aldrin and heptachlor of both the northern and western corn rootworms, we can assume that all fields (particularly those in the northern half of I1linois) planted to corn for 3 or more consecutive years could have moderate to severe lodging from rootworm attack in 1968. Although the use of aldrin or heptachlor may provide satisfactory control in some fields, attempts to control corn rootworms with these two, previously effec- tive soil insecticides will meet with failure in the majority of cases. Therefore, tf articularly those in the northern half of Illinois, who have fields that armers , are to be planted to corn for the third consecutive year or longer should consider some program other than the conventional use of aldrin or heptachlor to control northern and western corn rootworms. Unfortunately, there is no insecticide presently available that will control root- worms on all dates of planting when applied at planting time. Therefore, a crop rotation may be the easiest method for corn rootworm control; grow some other crop in the field for 2 years. When rotating to control resistant corn rootworms, use a crop other than soybeans in 1968 if you have used aldrin or heptachlor annually for 5 or more years (including 1967). If you have applied aldrin or heptachlor amnually for several years, but not in 1967, you can plant soybeans in 1968. Research entomologists of the Illinois Natural History Survey have shown that pho- rate (Thimet), BUX ten (0-5353), and diazinon granules applied in a 7-inch band ahead of the press wheel to late-planted corn will control the rootworms that hatch in late June and early July. Phorate and BUX ten applied to mid-season plantings usually last long enough to provide a reasonable degree of root protection during rootworm attack in late June and early July. No insecticide used at planting on early-planted corn has given practical rootworm control. afl To control rootworms on early-planted corn, the entomologists of several Midwestern states have shown that a basal application of insecticide during cultivation will provide protection against rootworm attack. A special applicator on the cultivator directs organic phosphate insecticide granules at the base of the plant. This kills rootworms for about 6 inches on each side of the plant, allowing roots to establish themselves and secure the plant. The three most effective insecticides for basal applications appear to be phorate, diazinon, and disulfoton granules. Several organic phosphates and carbamates are being sold for planting-time appli- cation for rootworm control. Of the ones tested in Illinois, only those above gave consistent and satisfactory results. Others failed to provide root protection to the corn when conditions were slightly adverse. Fertilizer-insecticide mixtures are discouraged at this time; band fertilizers are generally applied to only one er of the row and results from such treatments have been no better than untreated plots. POLLINATION INJURY BY ROOTWORM BEETLE FEEDING Corn rootworm beetles feed on silks. When these beetles are numerous during pol- lination, kernel set can be affected, particularly in late-planted fields where silking has just begun. If beetle emergence occurs during dry silk, then polli- nation is not seriously hurt. Control will be profitable when 5 to 10 or more bee- tles per ear are present and not more than 50 percent of the plants have silked. CONDENSED SOIL INSECTICIDE SUGGESTIONS General non-dairy farms: In a normal rotation, continue to use aldrin or hepta- chlor broadcast and disked-in before planting (or in the row at planting time) to control white grubs, wireworms, grape colaspis, and seed-infesting insects. Broad- cast applications generally control cutworms. But if a row treatment is used, plan to apply a post-planting or emergency application of carbaryl, diazinon, toxaphene, or trichlorfon for cutworms if necessary. (See page 5, 1968 revised Circular 899 for details.) Dairy farms: Use an organic phosphate or carbamate insecticide as described for rootworm control. For early-planted corn, use a planter-box seed treatment to sup- plement early-June basal applications; but take precautions not to interfere with the seeding rate. In some instances, you may have to apply a post-planting or emer- gency application of one of the insecticides listed in the table for cutworm control. Soybeans: Do not apply aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, or heptachlor as a soil or foliar treatment for soybean insects. If you have applied aldrin or hep- tachlor annually for 5 or more years for corn soil insect control, skip 1 year be- fore planting soybeans. Continuous corn and control of resistant corn rootworms: When planting early, plan to use a basal insecticide application in the fore part of June. With mid-season lantings, you may wish to try a planting-time treatment of phorate or BUX ten Cay in a 7-inch band ahead of the press wheel. For late-planted corn, use phorate, BUX ten (0-5353), or diazinon granules ahead of the press wheel. For early-planted corn, you may want to use an aldrin or heptachlor preplanting or planting-time treatment, or at least a planter-box seed treatment. 2G. ALFALFA WEEVIL Suggested insecticides are methyl parathion, azinphosmethyl, malathion, malathion plus methoxychlor, or diazinon plus methoxychlor. (See page 7, 1968 revised Cir- cular 899 for details.) Use of flamers or burners during the dormant winter period to burn alfalfa stems and debris has met with varying success. Special burners are available for this purpose. Their success in alfalfa weevil control will depend on the extent of fall and winter egg laying by the adults, as they deposit eggs in alfalfa stems. When these are burned during the winter months (or in the early spring before plant growth begins), the attack by weevil is delayed. Thus, burning replaces the first insecticide application. Because the value of this method depends on fall and win- ter egg laying, it may be limited in use to the southern third of Illinois. Few eggs will be laid before spring in the northern half of Illinois. HBP: ph 11/29/67 a an -URBANA UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 3 0112 033755668