8PiiPiS!iiirif^iitiiW'^ 4 INSECUTOR INSCITi:^ MENSTRUUS Jl MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY Vol. Ill JANUARY-APRIL. 1915 Nos. 1-4 CONDUCTED BY HARRISON G. DYAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. / ZZArH^^ xo^^^y'^ Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus Vol. Ill JANUARY-APRIL, 1915 Nos. 1-4 DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW AMERICAN THY- SANOPTERA By J. DOUGIvAS HOOD One genus and twenty species of Thysanoptera are described in the following pages. Twelve of these are from the United States, three are from Panama, four from Peru, and one from Porto Rico. The finding of five new Heterothrips is worthy of comment as it nearly doubles the number of known species of the family. And the existence in eastern United States of three undescribed species of Chirothrips when only an equal number of species are recorded from that region is also a matter of interest. The writer gratefully acknowledges his indebtedness to the many friends and correspondents mentioned in the description below for their painstaking collecting and their generous dona- tion of type material. Heterothrips borinquen, new species. (PI. I, fig. 1.) female (macropterous). — Length about 1 mm. Color, dark blackish brown, with tarsi, distal ends of tibiae, and third anten- nal segment pale grayish yellow; fore wings dark brownish gray except for a white transverse band just beyond scale. Head about 1.7 times as wide as median dorsal length, dis- tinctly shorter than prothorax, widest behind eyes, thence nar- rowing abruptly to eyes and tapering slightly to base; sur- face with a few minute spines, impressed and transversely rugose in front of anterior ocellus, smooth between ocelli, and with four or five anastomozing striae on occiput; frontal costa with deep, U-shaped emargination ; ocellar area delimited by I 2 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS two dark, transverse, chitinous lines, the posterior one of which extends entirely across the head behind the eyes. Eyes setose, two-thirds as long as head, as wide as their dorsal inter- val. Ocelli of posterior pair twice the diameter of anterior ocellus, a little less than half as wide as their interval. Antennae about three times as long as head; segment 3 very slender, subconical, about three times as long as greatest width, with deep incisions at basal sixth and basal two-fifths; 4 a little more than half as wide as long, roundly tapering to base ; 5-8 more or less barrel-shaped, with sense cones, 5 with indications of a brief pedicel ; 9 about three times as long as wide, nearly cylindrical ; segments 1 and 2 nearly concolorous with head ; 3 pale grayish yellow ; 4 blackish brown, sometimes slightly paler apically ; remainder of antenna blackish brown. Prothorax about one and one-third times as long as head and about 1.8 times as wide as long, sides and posterior margin rounded, anterior margin straight or slightly concave ; notum with a few short spines, its surface free from sculpture except for two or three anastomozing striae at anterior margin. Wings of fore pair half as wide at middle as near base, the greatest subbasal width (exclusive of scale) about one-eighth the length of wing; costal margin, anterior vein, and posterior vein with about 26, 22, and 18 short, stout spines, respectively, these be- ing closer together toward base of wing. Abdomen stout ; pubescence very sparse, as in H. flavicornis (PI. I, fig. 3), disposed on prominent, almost reticular, lines; posterior margins of abdominal tergites 1-7 fringed at sides with contiguous, chitinous scales or plates, whose apical mar- gins are very irregularly produced ; segment 1 unarmed on middle portion of posterior margin ; segments 2-5 with a few slender spines at middle of posterior margin; 6 and 7 with a regular fringe of similar spines between the lateral plates; sternites fringed posteriorly with regularly disposed plates whose apical margins are produced into about ten slender spines. Measurements of holotype : Length 0.960 mm. ; head, length 0.090 mm., width 0.154 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.121 mm., width 0.221 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.254 mm. ; fore wing. 6 7 8 9 24 16 15 31 14 11 9 7 6 7 8 9 34 17 15 19 14 12 10 7 INSECUTOR INSCITI/S; MENSTRUUS 3 length 0.612 mm., width at base 0.075 mm., at middle 0.036 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.324 mm. Antennal segments .... 1 2 3 4 5 Length i\x) 20 32 66 42 24 Width (n) 27 27 23 23 16 Total length of antenna, 0.257 mm. Male (macropterous). — Length about 0.8 mm. Color and structure essentially as in female. Tergite of abdominal seg- ment 9 with two pairs of long, strong bristles behind middle. Measurements of allotype : Length 0.840 mm. ; head, length 0.108 mm., width 0.163 mm.; prothorax, length 0.132 mm., width 0.233 mm.; pterothorax, width 0.252 mm.; fore wing, length 0.564 mm., width at base 0.072 mm., at middle 0.034 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.240 mm. Antennal segments .... 1 2 3 4 5 Length (n) 20 33 70 40 23 Width {\i) 29 25 23 22 15 Total length of antenna, 0.361 mm. Described from 12 females and 21 males "taken in the blossoms of an undetermined plant," at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, August 10, 1914, by Thomas H. Jones. Allied to decacornis Crawford by the type of armature of the abdominal tergites and the antennal coloration, but differing from that species conspicuously in the much shorter pedicel of the third antennal segment. It is named after the Island of Porto Rico which, when Ponce de Leon landed on its western coast in 1508, was called by the Indians the Island of Borinquen. Heterothrips flavicornis, new species. (PI. I, figs. 2 and 3.) Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.1 mm. Color dark blackish brown, with tarsi, proximal and distal ends of mid and hind tibiae, all of fore tibiae, tip of fore femora, and an- tennae except for extreme base and apex, lemon yellow. Head about 1.6 times as wide as median dorsal length and 0.7 as long as prothorax, widest just behind eyes, thence narrowing abruptly to eyes and tapering concavely to base; surface with a few minute spines, impressed and transversely 4 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS rugose in front of anterior ocellus, smooth between ocelli, and with four or five anastomozing striae on occiput ; frontal costa with deep, U-shaped emargination ; ocellar area delimited anteriorly and posteriorly by two dark, transverse, chitinous lines, the posterior one of which extends entirely across the head as a heavy chitinous line just behind the eyes. Eyes setose, about 0.7 as long as head, as wide as their dorsal inter- val. Ocelli of posterior pair twice the diameter of anterior ocellus, about half as wide as their interval. Antennae about 2.7 times as long as head; segment 3 slender, subconical, about three times as long as greatest width, with deep incisions at basal sixth and third; 4 a little more than half as wide as long, roundly tapering to base ; 5-8 more or less barrel-shaped, with sense cones, 5 with indications of a brief pedicel ; 9 a little more than three times as long as wide, nearly cylindri- cal ; segments 1 and 2 light yellowish brown, very much paler than head; 3-7 lemon yellow, or 5-7 slightly darkened with gray ; 8 and 9 shaded with gray. Prothorax about 1,4 times as long as head and about 1.7 times as wide as long, sides and posterior margin rounded, anterior margin straight; notum with a few short, incon- spicuous spines, its surface nearly rugose, the anastomozing lines of sculpture almost forming polygons. Wings of fore pair slightly more than twice as wide at base as near middle, the greatest subbasal width (exclusive of scale) about one- eighth the length of wing; costal margin, anterior vein, and posterior vein with 32, 23 and 18 short, stout spines, respec- tively. Abdomen stout ; pubescence very sparse, disposed on promi- nent, almost reticulate, lines; posterior margins of abdominal tergites 1-7, fringed at sides with contiguous, chitinous scales or plates whose apical margins are very evenly produced in short slender spines (PI. I, fig. 3) ; segment 1 unarmed on middle portion of posterior margin; segments 2-5 with a few slender spines at middle of posterior margin; 6 and 7 with a regular fringe of similar spines between the lateral plates; sternites fringed posteriorly with regularly disposed INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 5 plates whose apical margins are produced into many very fine, slender spines. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.10 mm.; head, length 0.110 mm., width 0.174 mm.; prothorax, length 0.156 mm., width 0.262 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.300 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.720 mm., width at base 0.091 mm., at middle 0.041 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.360 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Length (n) 28 39 73 46 30 28 17 17 19 Width (n) 31 28 24 24 19 15 11 10 7 Total length of antenna, 0.297 mm. Male (macropterous). — Length about 0.8 mm. Color and structure essentially as in female. Tergite of abdominal seg- ment 9 with two pairs of long, strong bristles behind middle. Measurements of allotype : Length 0,792 mm. ; head, length 0.085 mm., width 0.160 mm.; prothorax, length 0.152 mm., width 0.240 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.252 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.588 mm., width at base 0.079 mm., at middle 0.035 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.192 mm. Antennal segments 123456789 Length ([x) 24 33 64 45 28 27 18 17 20 Width (ji) 30 26 22 22 17 15 11 8 6 Total length of antenna, 0.276 mm. Described from 79 females and 36 males taken with Hetero- thrips minor sp. nov., in the flowers of a tree (Byrsonima crassifoliaf), at Sona, Panama, April 22, 1914, by Mr. James Zetek. Distinguished from all other known species of the genus by the antennal colorations. Heterothrips pectinifer, new species. (PI. I, fig. 7.) Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.2 mm. Color dark blackish brown, with tarsi, distal ends of tibiae, and third antennal segment grayish yellow; fourth antennal segment distinctly paler than fifth and with a pale band at apex and another just basal to middle; fore wings dark brownish gray, except for a white transverse band just beyond scale. Head about 1.3 times as wide as median dorsal length, dis- 6 INSECUTOR INSCITI^E MENSTRUUS tinctly shorter than prothorax, widest midway between eyes and base, cheeks gently rounded ; surface with a few minute spines, impressed and transversely rugose in front of anterior ocellus, smooth between ocelli, and with four or five anasto- mozing striae on occiput; frontal costa with deep, U-shaped emargination ; ocellar area not at all delimited by chitinous lines. Eyes setose, about 0.63 as long as head, about as wide as their dorsal interval, not bounded behind by a chitinous line. Ocelli of posterior pair twice the diameter of anterior ocellus, a little less than half as wide as their interval. Antennas about 2.5 times as long as head ; segment 3 very slender, subconical, about three times as long as greatest width, with deep incisions at basal sixth and third ; 4 about half as wide as long, roundly tapering to base ; 5-8 more or less barrel-shaped, with sense cones; 9 about 2.5 times as long as wide, narrowed to apex; segments 1 and 2 nearly concolorous with head ; 3 grayish yellow ; 4 blackish brown, paler apically and just basal to middle ; remainder of antenna blackish brown. Prothorax about 1.2 times as long as head and about 1.6 times as wide as long, sides and posterior margin rounded, anterior margin straight; notum with numerous short, dis- tinct spines, its entire surface with anastomozing lines which are heavier and more transverse toward anterior and posterior margins, particularly the latter. Wings of fore pair about half as wide at middle as near base, the greatest subbasal width (exclusive of scale), about one-ninth the length of wing; costal margin, anterior vein, and posterior vein with about 31, 27, and 23 short, stout spines, respectively, though this character is highly variable. Abdomen stout; pubescence disposed on faint anastomoz- ing lines, much more numerous than in flavicornis, which is shown in figure 3, Plate I ; posterior margins of abdominal tergites 1-7 fringed at sides with contiguous, chitinous scales or plates, whose apical margins are evenly produced in long, slender spines, giving a comb-like appearance; segment 1 un- armed on middle portion of posterior margin; segments 2-5 with a few slender spines at middle of posterior margin; 6 and 7 with a regular fringe of similar spines between the lat- INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 7 eral plates ; sternites fringed posteriorly, with long, slender spines, the lateral ones of which are sometimes fused at base in groups of 3 to 6. Measurements of holotype : Length 1.30 mm. ; head, length 0.132 mm., width 0.174 mm.; prothorax, length 0.156 mm., width 0.246 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.288 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.840 mm., width at base 0.096 mm., at middle 0.051 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.348 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Length (n) 24 38 83 54 35 34 23 17 20 Width (n) 33 28 28 26 20 17 12 11 8 Total length of antenna, 0.328 mm. Described from 11 females taken on "Indian Geranium," at Tempe, Arizona, April 25, 1913, by Mr. H. M. Russell. Easily distinguished by the armature of the posterior mar- gins of the abdominal tergites. Heterothrips minor, new species. (PI. I, fig. 6.) female ( macro pterous). — Length about 0.84 mm. Color dark blackish brown, with tibiae, tarsi, apices of fore femora, and antennal segments 1, 3, and 4 paler; fore wings dark brownish gray except for a white transverse band just beyond scale. Head about 1.4 times as wide as median dorsal length, slightly shorter than prothorax, widest about midway between eyes and base, cheeks slightly rounded ; surface with a few minute spines, impressed and transversely rugose in front of anterior ocellus, smooth between ocelli, and with about five anastomozing striae on occiput ; frontal costa with deep U-shaped emargination ; ocellar area not at all delimited by chitinous lines. Eyes setose, about 0.6 as long as head, about as wide as their dorsal interval, not bounded behind by a chitinous line. Ocelli of posterior pair twice the diameter of anterior ocellus, a little less than half as wide as their interval. Antennae about 2.4 times as long as head; segment 3 stout, subconical, about two and one-fourth times as long as greatest width, with deep incision at basal sixth and third ; 4 about 0.6 as wide as long, roundly narrowed to base ; 5-8 8 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS more or less barrel-shaped, with sense cones; 9 about 2.5 times as long as wide, narrowed to apex; segment 1 slightly paler than head, 2 concolorous with head; 3 grayish yellow, distinctly clouded apically ; 4 not abruptly darker than 3, more deeply infuscate in apical half and narrowly so at extreme base ; 5 slightly lighter than 6-9, which are blackish brown. Prothorax about 1.1 times as long as head and a little less than twice as wide as long, sides and posterior margin rounded, anterior margin straight; notum with a few inconspicuous spines, its surface free from sculpture. Wings of fore pair nearly twice as wide near base as at middle, the greatest sub- basal width (exclusive of scale) about one-ninth the length of wing; costal margin, anterior vein, and posterior vein with about 25, 22, and 18 short, stout spines, respectively. Abdomen stout; pubescence comparatively dense, disposed on close, anastomozing, transverse lines, almost as in H. serica- tus Hood ; posterior margins of abdominal tergites 1-5 fringed at sides with numerous slender spines which are not at all coalesced at base to form plates or scales; tergites 6-8 and sternites 2-6 with their entire posterior margins similarly pro- duced. Measurements of holotype : Length 0.840 mm. ; head, length 0.096 mm., width 0.132 mm. ; prothorax, length 0,106 mm., width 0.192 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.228 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.588 mm., width at base 0.066 mm., at middle 0,036 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.282 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 Length (ji) 19 32 52 36 27 Width (fi) 26 23 23 22 18 Total length of antenna, 0.225 mm. Described from one female taken by Mr. James Zetek from the flower of a tree at Sona, Panama, April 22, 1914. The Spanish name of the plant, according to Mr. Zetek, is "Nance," which probably refers to Byrsonima crassifolia H. B. and K. With this unique female were associated numerous individuals of Heterothrips flavicornis, new species. This is the only known species of the genus with a densely pubescent abdomen and a smooth pronotum. 6 7 8 9 24 14 9 12 12 10 8 5 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 9 Heterothrips analis, new species. (PI. I, figs. 4 and 5.) Female (macropterous). — Length about 1 mm. Color dark blackish brown, with tarsi, proximal and distal ends of mid and hind tibiae, all of fore tibiae, distal third of fore femora, and antennal segments 3-5, very pale grayish yellow. Head about 1.4 times as wide as median dorsal length and nearly 0.9 as long as prothorax, widest about midway be- tween eyes and base, cheeks rounded ; surface with a few minute spines, impressed and transversely rugose in front of anterior ocellus, smooth between ocelli, and with about eight anastomozing striae behind ocelli ; frontal costa with deep U-shaped emargination ; ocellar area not delimited by chitinous lines. Eyes setose, about 0.6 as long as head, slightly wider than their dorsal interval, not bounded behind by a chitinous line. Ocelli of posterior pair twice the diameter of anterior ocellus, about half as wide as their interval. Antennae about 2.7 times as long as head ; segment 3 very slender, about 3.6 times as long as greatest width, with deep incisions at basal fifth and third ; 4 about half as wide as long, roundly tapering to base; 5-8 more or less barrel-shaped, with sense cones, 5 with indications of a brief pedicel; 9 about three times as long as wide, obliquely truncate at base, its axis tipped out- ward from that of rest of antenna; segments 1 and 2 slightly lighter in color than head, 2 pale grayish yellow in apical half ; 3-5 very pale grayish yellow, or 5 slightly infuscate apically; 6 blackish brown, paler basally ; 7-9 blackish brown. Prothorax about 1.2 times as long as head and a little less than twice as wide as long, sides and posterior margin rounded, anterior margin nearly straight ; notum with a few incon- spicuous bristles, its surface closely transversely striate with anastomozing lines which are about half as numerous as in H. sericatus Hood. Wings of fore pair nearly half as wide at middle as near base, the greatest subbasal width (exclusive of scale), less than one-ninth the length of wing; costal mar- gin, anterior vein, and posterior vein with about 34, 28, and 22 short, stout spines, respectively. Abdomen stout ; pubescence dense, disposed on close anasto- 6 7 8 9 35 18 20 17 16 12 11 6 10 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS mozing strise, almost as in H. sericatus; posterior margins of abdominal tergites 1-5 fringed at sides with numerous slender spines which are not at all coalesced at base to form plates or scales ; tergites 6-8 and sternites 2-6 with their entire pos- terior margins similarly produced. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.020 mm.; head, length 0.113 mm., width 0.160 mm.; prothorax, length 0.132 mm., width 0.228 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.254 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.792 mm., width at base 0.084 mm., at middle 0.046 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.276 mm. Antennal segments .... 1 2 3 4 5 Length (^x) 22 38 72 43 33 Width (n) 29 25 20 21 17 Total length of antenna, 0.298 mm. Male (macropterous). — Length about 0.85 mm. Color and structure essentially as in female. Tergite of abdominal seg- ment 9 with a pair of heavy, finger-like chitinous processes between the usual two pairs of long bristles behind middle (PI. I, fig. 5). Measurements of allotype: Length 0.852 mm.; head, length 0.098 mm., width 0.146 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.121 mm., width 0.192 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.223 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.660 mm., width at base 0.072 mm., at middle 0.040 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.168 mm. Antennal segments 123456789 Length (n) 20 33 66 41 32 35 20 19 17 Width ([x) 26 23 18 19 16 16 12 11 6 Total length of antenna, 0.283 mm. Described from 5 females and 15 males taken by the writer at Plum Point, Maryland, June 21, 1914. The males of this species were swarming in numbers about a few females on the flowers of a wild rose in a low marshy area. The female may easily be distinguished by having the abdo- men closely pubescent, the thorax finely striate, and the middle and hind legs mostly blackish brown; while the male may be known by the armature of the ninth abdominal tergite. INSECUTOR INSCITI^E MENSTRUUS 11 Chirothrips insolitus, new species. (PI. II, figs. 1 and 2.) Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.1 mm. Color quite uniform dark blackish brown, with pterothorax tinged with orange, tarsi yellowish. Head about 0.9 as long as wide and O.G as long as prothorax, broadest across eyes, occiput with about three anastomozing lines ; cheeks straight and parallel, about one-sixth as long as head or about one-third as long as eyes ; front produced be- yond eyes, its sides slightly converging anteriorly, about two- thirds the length of cheek ; three pairs of minute bristles near base of antennae, in addition to a much longer pair near eyes in front of anterior ocellus ; three additional pairs of minute bristles at posterior margin of eyes on dorsal surface. Eyes about 0.6 as long as head. Ocelli approximate, equal in size, the posterior pair slightly more widely separated. Antennae nearly 1.9 times as long as head, nearly uniform blackish brown, apex of 2 and base of 3 yellowish ; segment 2 about 0.8 as long as greatest width, trapezoidal, with sides very slightly convex, the outer surface meeting the apical in an acute angle which does not bear a terminal spine; 3 only 0.9 as long as greatest width, with slender pedicel ; 4 and 5 slightly wider than long, very briefly pedicellate ; 6 about twice as long as wide, broadest at about basal three-tenths, thence tapering evenly to apex; 7 and 8 equal in length, each fully two-fifths as long as 6, 8 nearly four times as long as wide. Prothorax about one and two-thirds times as long as head and about 1.4 times as wide as long ; pronotum sparsely spinose, with rather close, distinct, anastomozing striae ; the two pairs of bristles at posterior angles unusually long for the genus, fully one-third as long as pronotum. Pterothorax nearly 1.2 times as wide as prothorax; mesoscutum with close, anasto- mozing striae in posterior half, the anterior half with the striae broken up into chitinous arcs. Wings of fore pair about six- teen times as long as width at middle, slightly curved through- out, blackish brown, paler near base ; costa, anterior vein, and posterior vein with 19, 9, and 7 bristles, respectively. Legs of fore pair with the femora deeply sinuate on outer surface at 12 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS apex, fully one and one-half times as long as wide ; fore tarsi nearly three times as long as wide. Abdomen broader than pterothorax, with transverse, anasto- mozing striae; tergites with posterior margin deeply dentate; tergite 1 with about six transverse rows of chitinous arcs in basal three-fifths ; chitinous line at basal sixth of tergite 2 interrupted in several places near median line ; sternites 2 and 3 with the transverse striae interrupted to form dark chitinous arcs ; on sternites 4-7 these coalesce to form normal transverse striae. Segment 10 slightly longer than basal width, angulate and pointed at apex, divided above. Measurements of holotype : Length 1.13 mm. ; head, length 0.109 mm., width 0.120 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.180 mm., width 0.254 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.304 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.756 mm., width at base 0.072 mm., at middle 0.048 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.324 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (\i) 21 28 26 26 20 44 19 19 Width (ja) 33 34 29 28 23 21 9 5 Total length of antenna, 0.203 mm. Described from one female taken by sweeping at Four Mile Run, Virginia, May 3, 1914, by Mr. W. L. McAtee. Remarkable for the form of the antennae and the long pro- thoracic bristles. Chirothrips spiniceps, new species. (PI. I, fig. 8.) Female ( macro pterous). — Length about 1.1 mm. Usually bicolored (brown and yellow) ; head and thorax yellowish to blackish brown, the head and sides of pterothorax darker and the latter often with reddish orange hypodermal pigment ; ab- domen usually lemon yellow, though sometimes heavily shaded with brown and nearly concolorous with head and thorax, apex of segment 10 always black ; two or three basal segments of antennae yellow; legs usually yellow, with basal half of fore femora and outer surface of middle and hind legs shaded more or less with gray, though sometimes nearly uniform brown with only the tarsi, fore tibiae, and apex of fore femora yellow. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 13 Head usually very slightly wider than long, broadest behind eyes, about 0.6 as long as prothorax, frontal costa narrow, occiput with three or four very faint striae, eyes bordered with a chitinous line behind ; cheeks slightly arched, usually about one-sixth as long as head ; front produced, its sides about two- thirds as long as cheeks ; about eight pairs of short, stout spines near base of antennae in addition to a slightly longer pair opposite anterior fifth of eyes; three additional pairs of minute bristles at posterior margin of eyes on dorsal surface. Eyes about half as long as head. Ocelli of posterior pair widely separated, equal in size to anterior ocellus. Antennae fully 1.7 times as long as head ; segments 1-3 yellow or yellow- ish, 1 usually infuscate throughout, 3 infuscate apically, 4-8 brown or with 4 paler ; segment 1 rounded, swollen, on ventral surface about two-thirds as long as wide ; segment 2 inverted foot-shaped, its axis about two-thirds as long as width along line parallel to apical margin; 3 pyriform, with rather long, slender pedicel, and three- fourths as wide as long; 4 and 5 suboval, slightly longer than wide ; 6 nearly twice as long as wide, broadest at basal two-fifths, roundly tapering to apex; 7 and 8 about equal in length, each about one-third as long as 6, 8 about three times as long as wide. Prothorax about one and two-thirds times as long as head and nearly one and one-half times as wide as long; pronotum sparsely spinose and with anastomozing striae ; hind angles with only one moderately long bristle, directed posteriorly. Ptero- thorax unusually broad, about one and one-fourth times as wide as prothorax and slightly wider than abdomen; meso- scutum with the striae broken up into chitinous arcs. Wings of fore pair about fourteen times as long as width at middle, slightly sinuate in form, rather strongly curved in apical third, shaded with gray, especially at base and apex and on scale, distinctly paler subbasally ; anterior vein with about 8 bristles and posterior vein with 3 to 5. Legs of fore pair with the femora not at all sinuate on outer surface at apex, the tibiae nearly as wide as long, and the tarsi about 0.6 as wide near base as long. Abdomen slightly narrower than pterothorax, almost per- 14 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS fectly smooth, without patches of accessory spines. Segment 10 sHghtly longer than basal width, acutely rounded at apex, divided above. Measurements of holotype : Length 1.09 mm. ; head, length 0.130 mm., width 0.128 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.212 mm., width 0.292 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.366 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.732 mm., width at base 0.075 mm., at middle 0.051 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.360 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (\i) 32 31 32 32 24 35 13 12 Width (n) 50 45 24 27 21 18 7 4 Total length of antenna, 0.211 mm. Described from 210 females, as follows : Glendale and Phoe- nix, Arizona, October 4 and 6, 1913, H. M. Russell, 200 fe- males on sugar cane; Brownsville, Texas, December 8, 1910, C. A. Hart, 1 female in sweepings ; Mission, Texas, June 26 and 30, 1914, J. W. Bailey, 3 females; Dallas, Texas, August 26, 1905, and August 8, 1906, W. A. Hooker, 2 females in laboratory ; New Orleans, Louisiana, December 1, 1914, C. B. Williams, 4 females from privet and bamboo. Type locality. — Region of Glendale and Phoenix, Arizona. This, one of the dominant species of Chirothrips in southern United States, is commonly labeled C. ohesus Hinds in collec- tions, so close is the superficial resemblance of the two. It may be separated without difficulty from that species, however, by the greater number of spines on the vertex, the longer pro- thorax, and the much larger size. The following is from Mr. Russell's notes : "I found this species first in the fall of 1913, feeding on sweet corn, Johnson grass, and sugar cane. On the first two food plants it occurred in small numbers, while on the sugar cane it was very abun- dant, those collected representing only about twenty minutes' work. Undoubtedly the 10 acres of cane were infested with millions. Each unfolded growing leaf-bud contained numbers of these minute creatures. At that time the growing season of the cane was about over, so that the species had had the entire season to increase in. They were feeding on the tender, moist leaves. When exposed to the light, they rapidly crawled INSKCUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 15 to shelter, still deeper into the buds. If this insect should attack the young cane in large numbers in the spring, it seems quite possible that considerable damage would result. We have in this insect what I should call a potential economic species. It seems, next to Frankliniella tritici, to be the most abundant thrips in this part of Arizona." Chirothrips vestis, new species. (PI. I, fig. 9.) Female ( macro pterous). — Length about 1.1 mm. Color yel- low ocher, with head and antennal segments 4—8 blackish brown, and thorax, outer surface of legs, and sides and tip of abdomen lightly shaded with gray. Head about 0.8fi as long as wide and a little more than half as long as prothorax, frontal costa wide, concave, occiput smooth, eyes bordered with a chitinous line behind ; cheeks nearly straight and parallel, about one-fifth as long as head, outline almost continuous with that of eyes ; front slightly produced, its sides parallel and less than half as long as cheeks ; about seventeen pairs of short, stout spines near base of antennas, in addition to a similar interocellar pair ; three addi- tional pairs of minute bristles at posterior margin of eyes on dorsal surface. Eyes about half as long as head. Ocelli of posterior pair widely separated, much larger than anterior ocellus. Antennae about 1.8 times as long as head; segments 1 and 2 clear lemon yellow ; 3 yellow, clouded with gray, more deeply toward apex ; 4—8 blackish brown ; segment 1 on ventral surface about 0.6 as long as wide; segment 2 inverted foot- shaped, its axis about 0.6 as long as width along line parallel to apical margin ; 3 pyriform, with brief pedicel, four-fifths as wide as long ; 4 and 5 suboval, about as long as wide ; 6 about 1.7 times as long as wide, broadest at basal third, roundly tapering to apex; 7 and 8 about equal in length, each about one-third as long as 6, 8 about twice as long as wide. Prothorax about 1.9 times as long as head and only about 1.2 times as wide as long ; pronotum without sculpture, closely and prominently set with short, stout spines along median fourth and in a pair of midlateral patches, the two usual bris- tles at posterior angles only slightly longer. Pterothorax 16 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS nearly 1.2 times as wide as prothorax; mesoscutum without sculpture but closely set with about 60 short, stout spines ; metascutum smooth, with about 26 similar spines. Wings of fore pair yellowish gray, about 23 times as long as median width, very slightly curved, nearly straight in apical half ; other characters obscured in the unique specimen. Legs of fore pair with the femora not at all deeply sinuate on outer surface at apex; width of tibiae at middle about 1.5 times their length, the fore tarsi about three-fifths as wide as long. Abdomen broader than pterothorax, without sculpture ; four or five of the basal tergites with transverse patches of about 15 spines similar to those on head and thorax. Segment 10 about as long as basal width, broadly rounded at apex, divided above. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.08 mm.; head, length 0.100 mm., width 0.115 mm.; prothorax, length 0.188 mm.-, width 0.220 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.272 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.756 mm., width at middle 0.033 mm, ; abdomen, width 0.296 mm. Antennal segments 12345678 Length (n) 27 26 30 27 22 32 11 10 Width (^) 46 42 24 25 21 19 7 5 Total length of antenna, 0.185 mm. Described from one female taken by sweeping at Vienna, Virginia, September 4, 1913, by Mr. R. A. Cushman and the writer. This is a very aberrant species, distinguishable by the pale coloration and the closely spinose head, thorax, and basal abdominal segments. Frankliniella annulipes, new species. (PI. II, fig. 3.) Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.7 mm. Color dark blackish brown, nearly black, with tarsi, fore tibiae, apex of fore femora, and bases of middle and hind femora and tibiae clear pale yellow; intermediate antennal segments yellowish; fore wings clear in basal third, blackish brown beyond. Head, 1.3 times as wide as long, conspicuously narrowed INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 17 posteriorly ; occiput with two heavy, uninterrupted, transverse chitinous ridges behind and numerous faint anastomozing lines in front of them ; all cephalic bristles long, stout, dark, the prominent interocellar pair nearly as long as eye, a large postocular pair two-thirds as long. Eyes about half as long as head and two-thirds as wide as their interval. Ocelli of pos- terior pair widely separated, distinctly behind middle of eyes, equal in size to anterior ocellus. Antennse about two and one- half times as long as head; segments 1 and 2 dark blackish brown, 2 slightly paler at apex ; 3 clear lemon yellow ; 4 lemon yellow, infuscate in apical half ; 5-8 blackish brown, 5 yellow at base ; segment 1 about as long as wide ; 2 twice as long as wide; 3 and 4 nearly fusiform, each a little more than three times as long as wide, 3 slightly longer and wider than 4; 5 slightly narrower and much shorter than 4 and 6, nearly three times as long as wide, slender in basal half ; 6 a little more than three times as long as wide, only slightly more than 0.8 as long as segment 4, not at all abruptly constricted at apex ; 7 and 8 small, cylindrical, 8 slightly longer and narrower than 7. Prothorax about 1.3 times as long as head and about 1.4 times as wide as long, suborbicular in form with anterior mar- gin straight ; pronotum smooth ; all bristles unusually long, stout, and prominent, black in color, nearly as long as head (PI. II, fig. 3). Wings of fore pair almost clear in basal third, blackish brown beyond, about thirteen times as long as width at middle, set with unusually long, heavy, black, nearly equidistant bristles, of which there are about 30 on the costa, 22 on the anterior vein, and 17 on the posterior vein. Abdomen broader than pterothorax; tergite of segment 1 with oblique anastomozing striae at base and sides, other seg- ments nearly smooth above ; segment 10 divided above ; ab- dominal bristles long, stout, black. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.680 mm. ; head, length 0.168 mm., width 0.218 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.216 mm., width 0.308 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.378 mm. ; fore wing, length 1.272 mm., width at base 0.126 mm., at middle 0.096 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.492 mm. 18 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (n) 39 60 88 80 57 66 14 17 Width (\i) 42 31 28 25 20 21 9 7 Total length of antenna, 0.421 mm. Described from one female collected by Mr. James Zetek at Bouquete, Panama, in February, 1914, from the "flowers of a common shrub, with large white flowers resembling those of trumpet creeper." Closely allied to Frankliniella insularis and F. auripes, but separable by the larger size, the enormous bristles, and the coloration of the legs. Frankliniella auripes, new species. Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.4 mm. Color dark blackish brown, nearly black, with all tibiae and tarsi and inner surface of fore femora, clear lemon yellow ; segment 3 of antennas, most of 4 and base of 5, yellowish ; fore wings clear in basal third, brownish gray beyond, becoming paler toward apex. Head about 1.2 times as wide as long, much narrowed be- hind ; occiput with about three quite distinct, transverse, chiti- nous, anastomozing lines and several fainter ones in front of them ; interocellar bristles moderately large, two-thirds as long as eye, a large postocular pair 0.8 as long. Eyes about 0.6 as long as head, about three-fourths as wide as their interval. Ocelli of posterior pair widely separated, distinctly behind middle of eyes, equal in size to anterior ocellus. Antennae about two and one-fourth times as long as head ; segments 1 and 2 dark blackish brown, 2 slightly paler at apex ; 3 yellow, sometimes slightly inf uscate apically ; 4 and 5 grayish yellow in basal two-thirds and half, respectively, remainder of antenna brownish gray ; segment 1 about as long as wide ; 2 three-fifths as wide as long; 3 narrowed in apical fourth, three times as long as wide ; 4 slightly shorter, nearly three times as long as wide ; 5 three-fourths as long, and about 2.5 times as long as wide, truncate and slightly narrowed at apex, where it is about as wide as 4; 6 slightly shorter than 3 and 4, less than three INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 19 times as long as wide; 7 and 8 small, cylindrical, 8 slightly longer and narrower than 7. Prothorax about equal in length to head and about 1.6 times as wide as long (this greater width may be due in part to the pressure of the cover glass), sides and posterior margin rounded, anterior margin straight ; pronotum with a few anastomozing lines along anterior margin and with the ex- treme posterior portion slightly rugose ; bristles long, nearly black, of the same number and arrangement as in F. annulipes (PI. II, fig. 3), but more slender and shorter, the anterior margnial pair noticeably shorter and more slender than the anterior angular. Wings of fore pair almost clear in basal third, brownish gray beyond, becoming paler toward apex, nearly thirteen times as long as width at middle, set with long, heavy, nearly equidistant, black bristles, of which there are about 27 on the costa, 20 on the anterior vein, and 16 on the posterior vein. Abdomen broader than pterothorax ; tergite of segment 1 with oblique, anastomozing striae, other segments with indis- tinct striae at sides ; segment 10 at least partially divided above ; abdominal bristles long, stout, black. Measurements : Length 1.36 mm. ; head, length 0.148 mm., width 0.180 mm.; prothorax, length 0.144 mm., width 0.228 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.348 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.856 mm., width at base 0.097 mm., at middle 0.069 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.288 mm. Antennal segments 12345678 Length (\i) 31 45 69 60 47 56 12 17 Width (jx) 34 28 22 21 19 20 8 6 Total length of antenna, 0.337 mm. Described from three females taken by Mr. E. W. Rust at Lima, Peru, January 13, 1913, from "Jerusalem cherry." Allied to F. insularis and F. annulipes, but easily distin- guished by the color of the legs. Frankliniella williamsi, new species. (PI. II, figs. 4 and 5.) Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.1 mm. Color nearly uniform pale yellow, with thorax, outer surface of l^s, 20 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS and apex of tenth abdominal segment darkened with orange ; antennal segments 6-8 largely blackish brown, remainder light yellowish, 2, 4, and occasionally 5 slightly infuscate apically; fore wings uniform light yellowish. Head only about one and one- fourth times as wide as long, sides almost straight and parallel, usually broadest across eyes ; occiput with a few faint anastomozing lines ; interocellar and one pair of postocular bristles alone prominent, slender, yel- lowish, the former longer; other bristles slender, pale, incon- spicuous. Eyes somewhat less than half as long as head, about three-fifths as wide as their interval. Ocelli of posterior pair distinctly behind middle of eyes, rather widely separated, equal in size to anterior ocellus; ocellar pigment orange red. An- tennae 2.3 times as long as head, form and structure as in figure (PI. II, fig. 5) ; segment 3 nearly as long as 6 and about 2.7 times as long as wide ; 4 slightly shorter, nearly three times as long as wide ; 5 still shorter, about 2.6 times as long as wide ; 6 a little longer than 3, slightly more than three times as long as wide, abruptly constricted at base ; 7 and 8 small, cylin- drical, 8 slightly longer and narrower than 7 ; segment 1 color- less, transparent; 2-5 yellowish, with 2, 4, and occasionally 5, slightly infuscate apically; 6 yellowish in basal third, blackish brown beyond ; 7 and 8 blackish brown. Prothorax about one and one- fourth times as long as head and nearly 1.3 times as wide as long, quadrangular with the angles rounded; pronotum smooth; bristles moderately long, pale in color (PI. II, fig. 4). Wings of fore pair uniform light yellowish gray, about fourteen times as long as width at middle ; spines brownish yellow, equidistant, about 23 on costa, 19 on anterior vein, and 16 on posterior vein. Abdomen of normal form; tergite of segment 1 with very faint lines of sculpture, other segments smooth above; seg- ment 10 divided above; abdominal bristles strong, yellowish brown. Measurements of holotype : Length 1.14 mm. ; head, length 0.124 mm., width 0.156 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.152 mm., width 0.196 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.264 mm. ; fore wing. INSKCUTOR INSCITI^ MKNSTRUUS 21 length 0.780 mm., width at base 0.072 mm., at middle 0.057 mm., abdomen, width 0,288 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (\i) 26 39 51 48 42 55 10 14 Width (fi) 30 25 19 17 16 18 7 5 Total length of antenna, 0.285 mm. Male (macropterous). — Length about 0.9 mm. Color and structure essentially as in female. Posterior margin of eighth abdominal tergite with a sparse, comb-like fringe ; ninth tergite with two pairs of short, stout, approximate spines arising from cup-like tubercles and disposed on an arcuate line. Measurements of allotype : Length 0.892 mm. ; head, length 0.108 mm., width 0.142 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.126 mm., width 0.169 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.226 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.600 mm., width at base 0.060 mm., at middle 0.049 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.204 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (|i) 24 34 49 41 36 50 10 14 Width (n) 26 22 18 17 16 16 6 5 Total length of antenna, 0.258 mm. Described from 110 females and 24 males, as follows: Vi- enna, Virginia, October 31, 1914, C. B. Williams, 3 females and 1 male; Georgetown, D. C, November 1, 1914, C. B. W. and J. D. H., 16 females and 8 males; Washington, D. C, November 3, 1914, J. D, H., 91 females and 15 males. Type locality. — Washington, D. C. The species was found abundantly between the husks of standing and freshly cut Indian corn. It is close to but entirely distinct from F. tritici and F. gossypii, as shown by the colora- tion and the form of the head, thorax, and antennae. The male differs from that of the two species just mentioned more par- ticularly in the armature of the ninth tergite of the abdomen. Named after its discoverer, one of the most able students of the Thysanoptera. Frankliniella tympanona, new species. Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.1 mm. Color dark blackish brown, with orange red hypodermal pigmentation in 23 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS thorax ; tarsi, apical two-thirds of fore tibiae, and third antennal segment brownish yellow ; fore wings dark grayish brown, with a small clear area at basal fifth ; ocellar pigment red. Head nearly 0.9 as long as wide, sides almost straight and parallel, usually very slightly broadest across eyes ; occiput with about three strong, anastomozing lines and several weaker ones ; interocellar bristles small, only a little longer than diame- ter of posterior ocelli, situated well within the ocellar triangle ; one pair of postocular bristles nearly as long as interocellars, all other cephalic bristles minute. Eyes four-sevenths as long as head and three- fourths as wide as their interval. Ocelli forming very nearly an equilateral triangle, posterior pair oppo- site posterior third of eyes and equal in size to anterior ocellus ; ocellar pigment red. Antennae about 2.2 times as long as head ; segment 1 nearly as long as wide ; 2 about three-fourths as wide as long ; 3 a little more than twice as long as wide, sides evenly rounded, not constricted at apex ; 4 nearly as long as 3 and about equal in width to it, slightly more narrowed at apex, twice as long as wide ; 5 about 0.8 as long as 4, nearly twice as long as ^yide, and wider at apex than 4; 6 a little longer than 3, about two and one-half times as long as wide; 7 dis- tinctly shorter and broader than 8 ; segments 1 and 2 nearly concolorous with head, 2 a little darker; 3 nearly uniform brownish yellow ; 4-8 blackish brown, basal portion of 4 paler. Prothorax about 1.1 times as long as head and about 1.5 times as wide as long, suborbicular in form, with sides flat- tened and anterior margin straight; pronotum slightly rugose along posterior margin and with a few indistinct, pale, anasto- mozing lines ; the two pairs of bristles on posterior angles sub- equal, longest, about one-third the length of prothorax; one pair at anterior angles slightly shorter; one anterior marginal and one posterior marginal pair subequal, a little more than half as long as posterior angulars ; a pair near posterior third of lateral margin slightly longer and stronger than about 36 other minute, usually paired bristles. Wings of fore pair fully fourteen times as long as width at middle, dark grayish brown, with veins darker and a small clear area at basal fifth; bris- INSECUTOR INSClTlyE MENSTRUUS 23 ties rather short and inconspicuous, costa with about 29, an- terior vein with 21, posterior vein with 16. Abdomen slightly broader than pterothorax ; tergites of seg- ments 1-8 at sides with a few oblique, anastomozing, dark lines, and a few short, rounded, chitinous teeth on posterior margin ; segment 8 fringed posteriorly with acuminate chitinous projections ; segment 9 about half as long as 10 ; sternite of segment 3 with a transversely elliptical pale area just before the middle, slightly smaller than first antennal segment; ab- dominal bristles rather short and weak. Measurements of holotype : Length 1.08 mm. ; head, length 0.108 mm., width 0.127 mm.; prothorax, length 0.120 mm., width 0.186 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.264 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.798 mm., width at base 0.069 mm., at middle 0.054 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.264 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (\i) 21 32 45 39 32 46 8 14 Width (yi) 23 24 21 20 17 18 7 5 Total length of antenna, 0.237 mm. Male (macropterous). — Length about 0.8 mm. Color and structure differing but slightly from that of female. Abdomi- nal segments 3-7 beneath with a nearly circular pale area basal to middle ; tergite of segment 9 at middle with a transverse row of four nearly equidistant bristles three-fourths as long as the segment, between the outer ones of which, and nearly on a line with their bases, are a pair of circular pits and directly distal to these a pair of minute spines. Measurements of allotype : Length 0.840 mm. ; head, length 0.108 mm., width 0.129 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.108 mm., width 0.158 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.204 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.648 mm., width at base 0.058 mm., at middle 0.045 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.180 mm. Antennal segments 12345678 Length (ji) 18 31 41 37 30 44 10 15 Width (n) 23 23 18 18 16 17 9 5 Total length of antenna, 0.226 mm. Described from 95 females and 9 males taken on a compo- 24 INSECUTOR INSCITL^ MENSTRUUS site in Chosica Canon, Peru, April 17, 1913, by Mr. E. W. Rust (No. A 3159). This species superficially resembles Frankliniella minuta (Moulton) very closely, but is easily distinguished by the ven- tral tympanum on the third abdominal segment of the female. Physothrips funestus, new species. (PI. II, figs. 6 and 7.) Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.1 mm. Color dark blackish brown, nearly black, with tarsi, middle apical portion of fore tibiae, apical fourth of antennal segments 3 and 4, and extreme bases of segments 3-5, distinctly paler ; fore wings nearly uniform dark gray-brown, with a minute, median, paler spot at basal fifth. Head 0.9 as long as wide, slightly broadest behind eyes, sides slightly arcuate, nearly parallel ; occiput with two or three anastomozing lines ; interocellar bristles very long, about one- third the length of head, situated well within the ocellar tri- angle, though not always as posterior as shown in figure (PI. II, fig. 6) ; a pair of approximate minute bristles in front of anterior ocellus and a slightly larger pair near inner margin of eyes ; postocular bristles minute, subequal. Eyes about 0.6 as long as head and about equal in width to their interval. Ocelli equidistant, subequal in size, posterior pair opposite posterior half of eyes. Antennae about 2.4 times as long as head, form and structure as in figure (PI. II, fig. 7), unusual in that the fourth segment is noticeably longer than the third and the eighth segment nearly half as long as third; entire antenna nearly concolorous with body, except apical fourth of segments 3 and 4 and extreme bases of 3-5, which are paler. Prothorax very slightly longer than head and about 1.5 times as wide as long; pronotum smooth; two strong dark bristles at posterior angles and a prominent smaller pair on posterior margin ; all other bristles small. Wings of fore pair about fourteen times as long as width at middle, nearly uni- form dark gray-brown, with a minute rtiedian paler spot at basal fifth ; costa with about 26 bristles ; anterior vein with three similar bristles in a basal group, followed immediately by another group of six, and then by two more in apical sixth; INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 25 posterior vein with about fourteen similar, equidistant bristles. Abdomen of normal form, without sculpture; segment 8 with a comb of unusually small, acuminate spines, wanting in median third ; segment 10 not divided above ; abdominal bris- tles long, strong, brown. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.06 mm.; head, length 0.134 mm., width 0.139 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.132 mm., width 0.196 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.240 mm. ; fore wing, length 0.708 mm., width at base 0.069 mm., at middle 0.051 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.312 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (n) 32 37 47 54 39 53 11 21 Width (^i) 26 24 18 18 16 18 7 5 Total length of antenna, 0.294 mm. Described from six females collected by Mr. J. W. Bailey at Brownsville, Texas, June 25, 1914, from an unidentified plant. Differs from both Ph. ehrhornii and Ph. longirostrum — the only other dark colored species of the genus known from North America — by the elongate fourth segment of the antennae. Thrips impar, new species. Female. — Length about 1.2 mm. General color brown ; head maize yellow,^ darkened with brown at sides and base, ocellar pigment carmine ; prothorax buffy brown, concolorous with darker parts of head, with orange hypodermal pigmentation ; pterothorax slightly paler than prothorax, with orange hypo- dermal pigmentation ; abdomen concolorous with or slightly darker than prothorax, the last three segments paler ; antennae mouse gray, second segments much the darkest and with decided orange tinge; fore wings nearly uniform light mouse gray; legs yellow, the femora often shaded with brown or gray. Head about 1.4 (1.33-1.5) times as wide as median dorsal length, about four-fifths as long or prothorax, broadest be- tween eyes and base, and with distinct anastomozing lines of 1 Ridgway. Color Standards and Color Nomenclature. Washington, 1912. 26 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ M^NSTRUUS sculpture; frontal costa notched at about 60°; cheeks rather strongly arched. Eyes about half as long as head and 0.7 as wide as their interval, prominent, protruding, pilose. Ocelli normal, opposite about middle of eyes. Antennae slender, about 3.7 times as long as head, of normal structure ; segment 1 about concolorous with paler portions of head ; 2 nearly cinna- mon brown ; 3 and 4 mouse gray, paler at extreme base ; 5-7 darker mouse gray, 5 usually pale at base. Maxillary palpi three-segmented. Prothorax 1.5-1.6 times as wide as long, without evident sculpture, sides gently rounded ; two pairs of long, slender bris- tles at posterior angles ; three additional pairs of smaller bristles, at anterior angles, at posterior third of lateral margins, and on posterior margin, respectively. Wings of fore pair about 15 times as long as wide, nearly uniform light mouse gray, appear- ing slightly darker in apical three-fourths because of the slightly darker veins ; costal margin with about 23 bristles ; anterior vein with 10 bristles, of which 7 are in the basal third, the remaining three at 9-15, 12-15, and 14-15 beyond base of wing, respectively; posterior vein with about 11 bristles, the first of which is usually opposite the last bristle in the basal series of the anterior vein, and the last of which is opposite a point nearly midway between the last two on the anterior vein. Abdomen of normal form, with tenth segment longitudinally sulcate above in distal half or two-thirds ; bristles on segments 9 and 10 long, brown. Measurements of holotype : Length 1.2 mm. ; head, length 0.114 mm., width 0.152 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.130 mm., width 0.210 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.276 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.324 mm. Antennal segments: 1, 30|x; 2, 40|x; 3, 60[x; 4, 53\i; 5, 44|i; 6, 61^; 7, 21^1 ; total length of antenna, 0.309 mm. ; width at segment 4, 0.018 mm. Male. — Length about 0.8 mm. Color nearly uniform deep chrome, prothorax and abdomen sometimes lightly shaded with gray ; segment 1 of antenna cream color ; 2 clay color, darkest in entire antenna; 3-7 light mouse gray, 3-5 pale at base. Head proportionately longer than in female, about 1.2 times as wide as long. EXPLANATION OF PLATES PLATE I I"*ir.. 1. — I [ctcrothrips horiiuiiicii. new species, riylit antenna of female, paratype. Fi(.. 2, — Hctcrothrifs fltn'icdniis, new species, right antenna of female, holotype. Fig. ;>. — Hctcrothrips flcn'icornis. posterior margin of sixth ahdominal tergite at right of median line, female, holotype. I'll.. 4. — Hctcrothrif^s uiialis. new species, right antenna of female, para- type. Fic. ."). — Hctcrothrips aiialis. tip of abdomen of male (segment 10 incomplete ) , allotype. Fig. (). — Hctcrothrips minor, new species, right anteinia of female, holotype. Fig. 7. — Hctcrothrips pcctinifcr, new species, posterior margin of sixth abdominal tergite at riglit of median line, female, paratype. Fi(.. s. — Chirothrips spiiiiccps, new species, head and prothorax of female, paratype. Fk.. U. — Chirothrips 7-cstis, new species, head of female, holotype. PLATE II Fig. 1. — Chirothrips iiisolitus. new species, head and prothorax of female, holotype. Fig. 2. — Chirothrips iiisolitus. right antenna of female, holotype. Fig. '■>. — I'rauklitiicUa aiinitlipcs. new species, head and prothorax of female, holotype. Fig. 4. — I'liiikliiiiclla williaiiisi. new species, head and prothorax of female, holotype. Fig. .5. — Fraiikliniclla ivillianisi, right antenna of female, paratype. Fig. (). — Physothrips funcstus. new species, head and prothorax of female, holotype. Fig. 7. — Physothrips funcstus. right antenna of female. INSECUTOR INSCITIAE MENSTRUUS. VOL. III. NOS. 1-4 NEW THYSANOPTERA :UTOR INSCITIAE MENSTRUUS. VOL. III. NOS. 1-4 PLATE II NEW THYSANOPTERA INSKCUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 27 Measurements of allotype : Length 0.83 mm. ; head, length 0.114 mm., width 0.137 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.100 mm., width 0.161 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.211 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.168 mm. Antennal segments: 1, 27^i; 2, 35[x; 3, 52^; 4, 48n; 5, 37n; 6, 66\i; 7, 17[x; total length of antenna, 0.282 mm. ; width at segment 4, 0.017 mm. Described from 25 females and 22 males, taken by the writer on Plummer's Island, Maryland, September 14, 1913, and August 16, 1914, in flowers of Impatiens sp. ; and from one female taken by Dr. H. E. Ewing, at Areola, Illinois, De- cember 30, 1907, hibernating in moss. Readily known by its sexually dimorphic coloration. Thrips aureus, new species. Female (forma brachyptera). — Length about 1 mm. Gen- eral color yellow ocher,i with head and middle of abdomen slightly paler, and prothorax, sides of pterothorax, and tip of abdomen darker; segment 1 of antenna cream color; 2-7 nearly uniform light mouse gray, 3-5 usually slightly paler, especially at extreme base ; ocellar pigment carmine. Head about 1.6 times as wide as median dorsal length, two-thirds as long as prothorax, broadest slightly in front of base ; cheeks gently arcuate to eyes and base of head ; frontal costa shallowly notched at about 120° ; cephalic bristles small and inconspicuous. Eyes about half as long as head, not pro- truding, pilose. Ocelli small, about opposite middle of eyes. Antennae three times as long as dorsum of head. Maxillary palpi three-segmented. Prothorax about 1.36 times as wide as long, without evident sculpture, sides somewhat flattened ; two pairs of brown bristles at posterior angles; three additional pairs of smaller bristles, at anterior angles, at posterior third of lateral margins, and on posterior margin, respectively. Wings short, grayish, about attaining first abdominal segment, distinctly rounded at apex ; fore pair set with about 12 long, stout, brown bristles, dis- 1 Ridgway. Color Standards and Color Nomenclature. Washington, 1912. 28 INSECUTOR INSClTIyE) MENSTRUUS posed as follows : Five along costa, the basal one smallest ; three on median vein, all in distal half ; three along anterior margin of scale, the distal one much the longest ; and one near apex of wing, on anal margin. Legs straw yellow, darker at sides of femora and tibiae. Abdomen rather short and broad ; tenth segment not sulcate above ; bristles dark brown, stout and conspicuous ; segments 3-6 each with three pairs of prominent dark brown bristles disposed in a transverse row across middle of notum ; 7 and 8 with two pairs of similar bristles. Measurements of holotype : Length 0.97 mm. ; head, length along median dorsal line 0.096 mm., width 0.154 mm. ; pro- thorax, length 0.144 mm., width 0.196 mm., pterothorax, width 0.222 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.306 mm. Antennal segments : 1, 24^1 ; 2, 38^; 3, 55^; 4, 46^; 5, 41ja; 6, 52^i; 7, 24[x; total length of antenna, 0.280 mm. ; width at segment 4, 0.018 mm. Male (forma brachyptera). — Length about 0.66 mm. Color paler than in female. Head proportionately longer than in female, about 1.4 times as long as wide, and about 0.8 as long as prothorax. Measurements of allotype : Length, 0.66 mm. ; head, length along median dorsal line 0.096 mm., width 0.132 mm. ; pro- thorax, length 0.108 mm., width 0.168 mm.; pterothorax, width 0.186 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.234 mm. Antennal seg- ments: 1, 24^1 ; 2, 30[x; 3, 42fx; 4, 37^; 5, 35pi; 6, 45n; 7, 19^; total length of antenna, 0.32 mm. ; width at segment 4, 0.015 mm. Described from 49 females and 2 males, taken by Mr. J. R. Malloch and the writer near Alexandria, Virginia, May 12, 1913, on the leaves of young plants of Anthemis cotula L. The short wings, broad head, long prothorax, and the color make this species easily separable from its North American allies, though it is to some extent suggestive of Thrips lac- tuccs Beach. It is perhaps more closely related to the European nigropilosus, but differs from that species in the form and armature of the fore wings and in the coloration of the an- tennae. INSECUTOR INSCITI.^ MENSTRUUS 29 Haplothrips halophilus, new species. Female (macropterous). — Length about 1.8 mm. Color dark blackish brown, nearly black, with bright crimson hypo- dermal pigmentation ; fore tarsi and middle of apical half of fore tibiae, lemon yellow ; middle and hind tarsi blackish brown ; antennse nearly concolorous with body, segment 3 yellowish brown, pale at base-. Head about 1.2 times as long as wide, sides evenly arcuate, about as wide at posterior margin of eyes as at base ; vertex distinctly produced, the anterior ocellus overhanging, attain- ing frontal costa ; dorsal and lateral surfaces with close anas- tomozing striae (very faint along median line) and a few minute spines ; postocular bristles short, a little more than half as long as eyes, pointed. Eyes nearly two-fifths as long as head and about 0.8 as wide as their interval, nearly con- tinuous in outline with cheeks. Ocelli anterior in position, the posterior pair opposite anterior third of eyes. Antennse about 1.6 times as long as head; segment 1 a little longer than wide; 2 about 1.6 times as long as wide; 3 about 1.7 times as long as wide, sides gently rounded throughout, nar- rowed evenly in basal half, the pedicel not at all abrupt but bent slightly outward ; 4 swollen, longest and widest in entire antenna, about 1.7 times as long as wide ; 5 nearly twice as long as wide; 6 about 1.8 times as long as wide, broadest a little before apex, pedicel only about half as wide as that of seg- ment 7 ; 7 about twice as long as wide, sides almost straight and parallel in apical three-fourths, pedicel with an abrupt, shoulder-like widening at extreme base, at this place about 0.8 as wide as apex or equal in width to base of segment 8 ; 8 about two-thirds as long as 7 and a little more than twice as long as wide ; sense cones : 3, 0-1 ; 4, 2-2 ; 5, 1-1+^ ; 6, 1+' ; 7 with one on dorsum near apex; segments 1 and 2 nearly black, about concolorous with head, 2 paler at middle of apex ; 3 with pedicel yellow, remainder brown; 4 darker than 3, yellowish brown at base ; 5 darker than 4, yellowish brown at base ; 6-8 blackish brown, but paler than ^segments 1 and 2. Prothorax three-fourths as long as head and (inclusive of 30 INSECUTOR INSCITI.^ MENSTRUUS coxae) about 1.8 times as wide as long, surface smooth; an- terior marginal bristles minute, barely distinguishable; mid- laterals small but much longer than anterior marginals, pointed ; the three remaining pairs of bristles blunt, anterior angulars shortest, twice the length of midlaterals ; posterior marginals about three times as long as midlaterals, slightly shorter than posterior angulars. Wings distinctly narrowed at middle ; fore wings clear, with a slight brownish cloud at extreme base and with about eight accessory hairs on posterior margin. Tarsal tooth short, slightly curved, arising at right angles. Abdomen slightly wider than pterothorax; tergite 1 with about a dozen anastomozing lines converging to anterior mar- gin ; tergites 2-6 closely transversely striate, the distal tergites very indistinctly so. Tube slightly expanded basally, about five-eighths as long as head, twice as long as basal width, and twice as wide at base as at apex. Abdominal bristles pointed, colorless; terminal bristles brown, slightly longer than tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.73 mm.; head, length 0.230 mm., width 0.187 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.174 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.312 mm.; pterothorax, width 0.384 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.420 mm. ; tube, length 0.144 mm., width at base 0.072 mm., at apex 0.037 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (n) 38 51 50 57 54 46 45 32 Width (\i) 31 31 29 33 29 26 22 14 Total length of antenna, 0.373 mm. Male (macr apterous). — Much like female but smaller (length about 1.5 mm.), and with more slender antennae. Fore legs often swollen ; tarsi strongly toothed, the stoutness of the tooth varying with the degree of enlargement of the fore leg. Measurements of allotype : Length 1.51 mm. ; head, length 0.210 mm., width 0.172 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.150 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.312 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.329 mm.; abdomen, width 0.322 mm.; tube, length 0.127 mm., width at base 0.062 mm,, at apex 0.034 mm. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 31 Antennal segments 12345678 Length (n) 35 46 46 53 52 47 41 27 Width (^i) 28 29 26 29 26 23 20 12 Total length of antenna, 0.347 mm. Nymph (in last instar.). — Bright orange to reddish orange, with head, pronotum, legs, antennse, abdominal segments 9 and 10, and the region of the spiracles on segment 8, nearly black ; the hypodermal pigment becomes red in at least the last three abdominal segments and often also in the head and thorax. Described from several adults of both sexes and 22 nymphs, taken at Bomitiful, Utah, August 5 and 6, 1914, by Mr. Alex Wetmore, where they were abundant on the fruiting heads of a sedge, Scirpus paludosus A. Nelson, growing in the alka- line marshes at the mouth of the Jordan River. The form of the third and seventh antennal segments should serve to distinguish this from the closely related Haplothrips jonesii Karny. Liothrips tessariae, new species. Female (macropterous). — Length about 3.3 mm. Color dark blackish brown or black, with segments 3-5 of antennae largely yellow; wings clear, the fore pair with a slight brown cloud in the region of the three basal spines. Head about 1.75 times as long as wide, sides nearly parallel, slightly flaring just behind eyes, and a little concave to basal fourth, then roundly narrowing to base; vertex slightly pro- duced, the anterior ocellus borne at its tip and overhanging, but not attaining frontal costa; dorsal and lateral surfaces closely transversely striate and with a few minute spines ; postocular bristles one and one-half times the length of eyes, situated far back of them, about midway between front and hind margins of head; no other prominent cephalic bristles. Eyes not prominent nor enlarged, one-third as long as head and about as wide as their interval, inner margins gently rounded, not prolonged on ventral surface of head. Ocelli of posterior pair situated in front of middle of eyes. Antennae slender, nearly 1.8 times as long as head, inserted on front of head and 32 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS of normal form ; segment 1 broadened at base ; 2 about twice as long as wide; 3 clayate, about 3.3 times as long as wide, inner surface slightly sinuate, outer surface nearly straight; 4 and 5 clavate, nearly three times as long as wide ; 6 and 7 oblong, pedicellate, three times as long as wide ; 8 three times as long as wide. Prothorax about 0.45 as long as head and (inclusive of coxae) about 2.6 times as wide as long ; all usual bristles present, near- ly pointed, midlaterals and the two pairs near the posterior angles subequal and as long as postoculars ; others shorter, the anterior marginals distinctly longer than the anterior angu- lars. Fore wings with about 20 accessory hairs on posterior margin. Fore tarsi unarmed. Abdomen about 1.3 times as wide as pterothorax. Tube 0.8 as long as head and about 3.4 times as long as basal width, which is about 1.75 times the apical, sides nearly straight. Terminal bristles about 0.8 as long as tube; bristles at apex of segment 9 nearly as long as tube. Measurements of holotype : Length 3.26 mm. ; head, length 0.426 mm., width 0.245 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.192 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.504 mm.; pterothorax, width 0.588 mm.; abdomen, width 0.756 mm.; tube, length 0.342 mm., width at base 0.102 mm., at apex 0.058 mm. Antennal segments 12345678 Length (ji) 72 81 129 120 115 106 86 53 Width (\i) 51 39 39 42 39 35 30 18 Total length of antenna, 0.762 mm. Male (macropterous). — Much like female but smaller (length about 2.5 mm.) and with more slender antennae. Measurements of allotype : Length 2.49 mm. ; head, length 0.384 mm., width 0.211 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.174 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.379 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.450 mm.; abdomen, width 0.468 mm.; tube, length 0.307 mm., width at base 0.084 mm., at apex 0.049 mm. Antennal segments 12345678 Length (|x), 66 72 117 108 107 99 82 51 Width (n) 45 35 35 35 34 31 26 17 Total length of antenna, 0.702 mm. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 33 Described from 3 females and 3 males taken on Tessaria sp. at Lima, Peru, December 18, 1912, by Mr. E. W. Rust. Liothrips tessaricB appears to approach most closely the L. seticollis Karny, from Paraguay, but may be separated by the absence of a brown, median, longitudinal streak on the wings as well as by the antennal coloration and the absence of a tarsal tooth. Ommatothrips, new genus. (Bufia, eye; dp((p, a wood worm) Head long, its length fully 1.5 times its greatest width, which is usually across eyes, with a pair of long bristles on vertex at inner angle of eyes. Eyes large, finely faceted, broadly rounded in front, on ventral surface of head nar- rowly prolonged posteriorly much beyond posterior dorsal margin. Vertex subconically produced, overhanging the frontal costa and bearing the anterior ocellus at its extremity. Antennse eight-segmented, inserted very close together on ventral surface of head; intermediate segments (4-6) obliquely truncate on inner surface at base and outer surface at apex; segment 3 elongate. Prothorax about half as long as head. Legs slender; fore femora not enlarged; fore tarsi unarmed in both sexes. Wings strong, of equal width throughout. Tube only slightly longer than the preceding segment, about half as long as head. Type. — Ommatothrips gossypii Hood. To Ommatothrips, in addition to the type species, must be assigned Liothrips elongatus Bagnall and L. intermedins Bag- nail. This Neotropical genus may at once be known from the allied Liothrips Uzel by the short tube, the prolongation of the eyes on the ventral surface of the head, the presence of distinct anteocular bristles, and the form of the intermediate antennal segments, which are obliquely truncate at both base and apex. Ommatothrips gossypii, new species. Female (macropterous). — Length about 3.2 mm. Color dark blackish brown, or black, with the second segment of 34 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS antennae brown at apex and the third segment clear yellow tipped abruptly with black ; wings clear, both pairs with a brown median streak in basal two-fifths. Head about 1.6 times as long as broad, widest across pos- terior angles of eyes, narrowest at base, sides almost straight ; vertex distinctly produced, the anterior ocellus prominently borne at its tip and overhanging; dorsal and lateral surfaces closely transversely striate and with a few minute spines; postocular bristles longer than eyes, pointed; anteocular bristles stout, three-fifths as long as eyes, postocellars one- third as long as eyes. Eyes very large and prominent, on dorsal surface about 0.3 as long as head and 1.3 times as wide as their interval, inner margins sinuate and converging posteriorly ; on ventral surface prolonged posteriorly fully two-fifths of distance to base of mouth cone. Ocelli of pos- terior pair set on a line through anterior half of eyes and close to their margins. Antennae stout, nearly 1.7 times as long as head, inserted very close together directly below pos- terior ocelli ; segment 1 about cylindrical, about one and three- fourths times as long as wide ; 2 a little more than twice as long as wide ; 3 about 3.7 times as long as greatest width, sides nearly straight, apex squarely truncate ; 4 about three times as long as wide, base squarely truncate, apex truncate on outer surface at an angle of about 45° ; 5 elongate- fusiform, 2.5 times as long as wide, inner surface of base and outer surface of apex obliquely truncate; 6 similar in form to 5 but stouter, twice as long as wide; 7 twice as long as wide, almost squarely truncate at base and apex; 8 about twice as long as wide. Pro thorax half as long as head and (inclusive of coxae) a little more than twice as wide as long ; all usual bristles pres- ent, nearly pointed, the two pairs at the posterior angles much the longest, the inner pair slightly longer than the outer and about 0.8 as long as prothorax; midlaterals half as long; an- terior angulars and anterior marginals successively shorter. Wings clear, both pairs with a brown median streak in basal two-fifths; fore pair with about 20 accessory hairs on pos- terior margin. Tarsi unarmed. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 35 Abdomen slightly wider than pterothorax. Tube short, about half as long as head, not quite twice as long as basal width, about twice as wide at base as at apex, sides straight. Terminal bristles a little longer than tube; bristles at apex of segment 9 nearly twice as long as tube. Measurements of holotype : Length 3.34 mm. ; head, length 0.444 mm., width 0.276 mm.; prothorax, length 0.216 mm., width (inclusive of coxse) 0.448 mm.; pterothorax, width 0.576 mm.; abdomen, width 0.612 mm.; tube, length 0.216 mm., width at base 0.120 mm., at apex 0.060 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length {[i) 87 90 153 134 98 78 65 38 Width (jx) 50 42 41 46 39 39 33 18 Total length of antenna, 0.743 mm. Male (macropterons). — Much like female but smaller (length about 2.8 mm.). Head much broader across eyes, which are more enlarged and more prominent than in female and with a narrower interval. Measurements of allotype : Length 2.80 mm. ; head, length 0.444 mm., width 0.252 mm.; prothorax, length 0.190 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.388 mm.; pterothorax, width 0.480 mm.; abdomen, width 0.409 mm.; tube, length 0.240 mm., width at base 0.100 mm., at apex 0.059 mm. Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (\i) 72 78 156 135 105 82 62 36 Width ([x) 44 37 36 40 35 35 31 19 Total length of antenna, 0.726 mm. Described from 11 females and 5 males taken on cotton, Department of Piura, Peru, by Dr. Charles H. T. Townsend. They were transmitted to Mr. Paul R. Jones, who determined the species as new and later forwarded the material to the writer for naming and description. O. gossypii, from the form of the head and antennae, the presence of long anteocular bristles, and the short tube, is closely related to O. elongatus and O. intermedius. Both of these were described by Bagnall from Venezuela. It appears to be distinct from them, however, by the color of the third antennal segment, which is yellow, abruptly tipped with black. 36 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS as well as by the much longer posterior marginal bristle of the prothorax and the larger eyes, which are broader than their interval. Dr. Townsend has kindly given me his notes on this insect, which I quote in full : "May 27, 1911. Several large black thrips found in cotton squares at Catacaos. "July 8, 1911. Many of this species issued from Catacaos squares of yesterday. ■'July 29, 1911. All through this month hundreds of this thripid have issued from lots of squares and newly-set bolls from twenty localities in the Rio Piura and Rio Chira valleys. Must cause considerable injur}^ by sucking the sap from the squares. "August 6, 1911. Hundreds of this species in tubes of various lots of squares, especially when newly brought in. Very abundant today, for example, in Santa Clara squares of yesterday. Also in Cumbivira squares and newly-set bolls of yesterday." Hoplandrothrips russelli, new species. Female ( macro pterous). — Length about 2 mm. Color dark blackish brown (almost black) with tarsi, apical portion of fore tibiae, and bases of intermediate antennal segments, yellow. Head about 1.5 times as long as wide and about one and three-fourths times as long as prothorax, sides abruptly rounded to eyes and with a slight subbasal constriction, inter- mediate portion parallel, with six large prominent, spinif- erous tubercles ; entire dorsal and lateral surfaces closely and strongly reticulate except along median line, and with a few minute spines ; vertex rounded, slightly produced, over- hanging; postocular bristles alone prominent, two-thirds as long as eyes, expanded at apex. Eyes about one-third as long as head, about equal in width to their interval. Ocelli of posterior pair distinctly in advance of middle of eyes and somewhat larger than the anterior ocellus, which is slightly more distant. Antennae about 1.6 times as long as head, slender ; segment 1 distinctly longer than broad ; 2 about twice INSECUTOR INSCITI.B MENSTRUUS 37 as long as broad ; 3 clavate, fully 2.5 times as long as wide, sinuate on inner side, pedicel curved outward ; 4 clavate, nar- rowed at apex, about equal in width to 3, broadest in advance of middle, about 2A times as long as wide ; 5 similar in form to and slightly narrower than 4, about 2.7 times as long as wide; 6 truncate-fusiform, wider in apical third, about 2.75 times as long as wide ; 7 slightly shorter and narrower than 6, wider toward base, about 2.6 times as long as wide ; 8 subconical, truncate, slightly narrowed at extreme base, near- ly three times as long as greatest width ; segments 1 and 2 concolorous with body ; 3 yellow, darker apically ; 4-6 yellow, shaded with brown in apical half or two-thirds ; 7 and 8 brown, the base of former pale ; sense cones : 3, 1-2 ; 4, 2—2 ; 5, 1-1+^ ; 6. 1-1+^; 7 with one on dorsum near apex. Mouth cone long, pointed, attaining mesosternum, the acute labrum surpassing labium. Prothorax slightly less than 0.6 as long as head and (inclu- sive of coxae) about 2.3 times as wide as long; pronotum about as closely and strongly reticulate as the head, anterior and posterior margins concentric ; all usual bristles present, dilated at tip, those at the posterior angles longest and about equal in length to postoculars. Pterothorax very slightly wider than prothorax. Wings slightly yellowish, darker at middle ; fore pair with 15 or 16 accessor^' hairs. Legs slender; fore tarsus with a stout curved tooth which is slightly shorter than width of tarsus. Abdomen very slightly broader than pterothorax. Tube about half as long as head, about 2.3 times as long as basal width, and a little more than half as wide at apex as at base, sides slightly concave. Lateral bristles knobbed, yellowish ; segment 9 with the lower lateral pair pointed and the upper lateral and dorsal one dilated at apex ; terminal bristles nearly 1.5 times as long as tube, brown. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.99 mm.; head, length 0.355 mm., width 0.236 mm.; prothorax, length 0.202 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.464 mm.; pterothorax, width 0.480 mm. ; abdomen, width 0.511 mm. ; tube, length 0.180 mm., width at base 0.078 mm., at apex 0.044 mm. 38 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Antennal segments 12345678 Length (\i) 53 71 102 95 85 74 61 40 Width (|x) 45 36 40 39 31 27 23 14 Total length of antenna, 0.581 mm. Described from one female taken at Tempe, Arizona, May 12, 1913, by Mr. H. M. Russell. The prominent genal tubercles and the deeply sculptured pronotum make this species unmistakable. It is dedicated to its collector in appreciation of his excellent biological work on Thysanoptera. Hoplandrothrips mcateei, new species. Female (macropterous). — Length about 2 mm. Color dark blackish brown (almost black) with tarsi and tip of tube paler and pedicels of antennal segments 3-6 yellowish. Head about 1.3 times as long as wide and twice as long as prothorax, broadest at middle; cheeks rounded abruptly to eyes and gently to near base, thence slightly diverging, form- ing a neck-like constriction which is slightly wider than great- est distance across eyes or about 0.9 the greatest width of head, set with about five large spinif erous tubercles ; entire dorsal and lateral surfaces closely and strongly reticulate ex- cept along median line, and with a few minute spines ; vertex subconically produced, overhanging; postocular bristles alone prominent, two-thirds as long as eyes, expanded at apex. Eyes about one-third as long as head, slightly narrower than their interval. Ocelli of posterior pair distinctly in advance of middle of eyes and larger than the anterior ocellus, which is slightly more distant. Antennae about 1.68 times as long as head, moderately slender; segment 1 very slightly longer than broad; 2 about 1.8 times as long as broad; 3 clavate, about 2.1 times as long as wide, sinuate on inner side, pedicel scarcely curved outward ; 4 very slightly shorter than 3, clavate, pedicellate, narrowed at apex, about equal in width to 3, broad- est in advance of middle, about 2.1 times as long as wide; 5 almost similar in form to but distinctly narrower and slightly shorter than 4, pedicellate, almost 2.2 times as long as wide; 6 clavate, more briefly pedicellate and less narrowed at apex INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 39 than 4 and 5, about 2.1 times as long as wide; 7 oblong, briefly pedicellate, truncate at apex, about twice as long as wide ; 8 about 1.4 times as long and half as wide as 7, conical, nearly three times as long as greatest width; antennas uniform dark blackish brown (nearly black) except pedicels of segments 3-6, which are yellowish ; sense cones : 3, 1-2 ; 4, 2-2 ; 5, 1-1+^ ; 6, 1-1+^; 7 with one on dorsum near apex. Mouth cone long, pointed, attaining mesosternum, the acute labrum surpassing labium. Prothorax about half as long as head and (inclusive of coxae) about 2.7 times as wide as long; pronotum reticulate, less distinctly so in front of middle, the lines less heavy than on head, anterior and posterior margins concentric ; all usual bristles present, expanded apically ; anterior marginals short- est, half as long as the posterior angulars which are the long- est ; anterior angulars and posterior marginals about equal in length, slightly shorter than posterior angulars ; coxal and mid- laterals about equal in length, longer than anterior marginals. Pterothorax very slightly wider than prothorax. Wings clouded with brown, more darkly at base and middle; fore pair with 12 or 13 accessory hairs. Legs moderately slender; fore tarsus with a long and nearly straight tooth. Abdomen very slightly broader than pterothorax. Tube 0.6 as long as head, about 2.4 times as long as greatest sub- basal width, which is about 1.8 times the apical; sides diverg- ing in basal sixth, thence abruptly converging for a short dis- tance, concavely tapering to apical fourth, which tapers a little more distinctly to apex. Lateral bristles spatulate at apex, almost colorless ; segment 9 with the lower lateral pair pointed and the upper lateral and dorsal ones dilated at apex; terminal bristles brown, nearly 1.5 times as long as tube. Measurements of holotype : Length 2.04 mm. ; head, length 0.331 mm., width 0.252 mm. ; prothorax, length 0.168 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.456 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.480 mm.; abdomen, width 0.504 mm.; tube, length 0.198 mm., width near base 0.083 mm., at apex 0.046 mm. 40 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Antennal segments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Length (n) 51 69 93 91 82 68 59 42 Width in) 48 39 44 43 38 32 30 15 Total length of antenna, 0.555 mm. Male (macroptcrous). — Length about 1.8 mm. Color and structure almost as in female. Postocular bristles nearly as long as eyes. Pronotal recticulation indistinct; anterior mar- ginal bristles almost obsolete, pointed ; anterior angulars long- est, expanded at apex, about equal in length to eyes ; remain- ing bristles distinctly shorter than anterior angulars, sub- equal in length, expanded apically; coxal bristle still shorter. Fore wing with 10 or 11 accessory hairs. Fore tarsus with a strong, slightly curved tooth. Abdomen very slightly nar- rower than pterothorax. Tube a little more than half as long as head, about 2.2 times as long as greatest subbasal width, which is about 1.9 times the apical ; sides very slightly sinuately converging to apex. Lateral abdominal bristles spatulate at apex; lower laterals of segment 9 long and pointed as in female ; upper laterals very short (two-thirds as long as basal width of tube), stout, pointed, and dark in color; dorsals dilated at apex. Measurements of allotype : Length 1.82 mm. ; head, length 0.308 mm., width 0.226 mm.; prothorax, length 0.168 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) 0.379 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.408 mm.; abdomen, width 0.403 mm.; tube, length 0.163 mm., width near base 0.075 mm., at apex 0.039 mm. Antennal segments 12345678 Length {\i) 47 63 88 82 75 65 57 39 Width (n) 43 36 40 40 35 30 27 14 Total length of antenna, 0.516 mm. Described from one female and one male taken from leaves on a felled elder at Oyster Bay, Washington, December 9, 1914, by W. L. McAtee, whose name it bears in commemora- tion of his zeal in entomology. The dark color of the antennse and the large spiniferous tubercles on the cheeks readily distinguish this form from its North American congeners. INSECUTOR INSCITItE MENSTRUUS 41 AN ACALYPTRATE GENUS OF MUSCOIDEA (Dipt era) By CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND Eucordylidexia, new genus. Genotype, Eucordylidexia ategulata Townsend, new species. This genus is remarkable for being practically a duplication of Cordyligaster, except that both scales of the tegulse are atrophied to a mere doubled rim. It is the only member of the Muscoidea so far known with vestigial tegulae. The petiole of the abdomen is more slender than that of Cordy- ligaster septentrionalis and the wings are usually wholly and deeply infuscate excepting only the glassy alula. The male forceps and claspers are much more delicate in structure than in that species. Eucordylidexia ategulata, new species. Length of body, 13 to 15 mm. ; of wing, 9.5 to 11 mm. Fif- teen specimens, 2 from Guatemala (Deam and A. P. Cock- erell), 6 from Costa Rica (Schild and Burgdorf), and 7 from Panama (Busck and Jennings). The descriptions by Wiedemann, Brauer and Bergenstamm, and Wulp of C. petiolata fit this species quite faithfully, and it agrees quite perfectly with septentrionalis in color. There is thus no necessity for color description. Comparison with septentrionalis shows no appreciable structural differences out- side of the tegulse and hypopygium. Holotype, No. 19219, U. S. Nat. Mus., female, Puerto Bar- rios, Guatemala, February 24, 1905 (Chas. C. Deam). Allo- type, male, San Carlos, Costa Rica (Schild and Burgdorf). It is taken for granted that petiolata, the genotype of Cordy- ligaster, has well-developed tegulae, since none of the authors just mentioned refers to this character and Wulp's figures all show normal tegulse. One specimen from Acapulco (Baker), which I determine as minuscula Wulp, and 35 specimens of septentrionalis Townsend from District of Columbia all show fully developed tegulse ; these two species are congeneric with nyomala Townsend from Peru, which also has large tegulae. 42 INSECUTOR INSCITL^ MENSTRUUS GRACILARIA AZALEA BUSCK = G. ZACHRYSA MEYRICK (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidce) By august BUSCK In January, 1914, the writer described Gracilaria asalecB (Ins. Ins. Mens., vol. 2, p. 1, 1914), a small moth, which during the last few years has been repeatedly bred in this country from hot-house Azalea imported from Europe. It was surmised at the time that the moth also was imported and that it might be already described ; but it could not be identified as any known European or American species and a name was desirable as a convenience. A specimen was since sent to Mr. Edward Meyrick in Eng- land and he has kindly informed me (letter of December 29, 1914) that the species is identical with Gracilaria sachrysa, de- scribed by him from Ceylon (Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 17, p. 983, 1907) and figured in his revision of the Gracilariidse (Genera Insectorum, fig. 4, 1912). The name G. asalece Busck hence falls as a synonym. A good synonym is rather an advantage than otherwise, and I have no apology to ofifer for my failure to recognize a Gracilaria species from New Jersey as one described from Ceylon and known from only two specimens without biological notes. Even if the iden- tity had occurred to me, it would have been preposterous to make such a determination, which could only be made hf an examination of the type specimens in Mr. Mey rick's collection. The colored figure is a hindrance rather than a help in the identification. This species was discovered in Boskoop, Holland, by Prof. Ritzema Bos in the fall of 1912, infesting in large numbers some young plants of Azalea indica, which had shortly before been imported from Japan. The larva first mines and later folds a leaf of Azalea and it appears to have done sufficient damage in Holland to be regarded as of some economic im- portance. It was pronounced by the Belgian specialists an undescribed species and was given the provisional name G. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 43 asaleella Brants (Tidsch. voor Entomologie, vol. 56, p. Ixxii, 1913). Thus we have a definite record of how this frail little moth has come from Asia and within a few years has successfully established itself in Europe in such numbers that it repeatedly has been reshipped to this country and has at least temporarily survived also here. The record is of the more value because the species may possibly also reach this country direct from Japan, and if it should establish itself, might eventually readily have been considered an American indigenous species, as it is closely allied to an American group of the genus. A POLISTIFORM GENUS OF MUSCOID FLIES (Diptera) By CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND Polistiopsis, new genus. Genotype, Polistiopsis mima Townsend, new species Belongs in the Penthosia group/ and strikingly counterfeits in both form and color the common reddish-brown forms of Polistes. Differs from Penthosia chiefly as follows : Second antennal joint of male decidedly more elongate, the third joint being less than three times as long as the second ; proboscis be- yond geniculation as long as lower border of head, corneous ; pal- pi absent. Abdomen of male consisting of six segments visible from above, polistiform, the first segment short and narrowed, second segment elongate and narrowed on basal half, third segment about as long as second and widening gradually from the posterior width of latter, fourth segment about same length and gradually narrowing from posterior width of third to about the width of second segment on middle, fifth segment much shorter and narrowing rapidly, sixth and last segment rather pointed and about as long as its basal width ; genitalia not prominent. A lateral marginal macroch^ta on first and third segments, several on second segment including a lateral discal, and a pair of lateral marginal on fourth segment; a median 44 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS marginal pair on second and third segments, and a vestigial pair on fourth ; fifth segment with some short marginal. Apical cell widely open considerably before wing tip; fourth vein rounded at bend, but bent rather sharply at a right angle ; no appendage at bend of fourth vein, last section bent in ; hind cross vein nearer bend, sinuate, its middle in line with last course of fourth. Hind scale of tegulas much elongated pos- teriorly, thinly fringed with rather long hairs. Wing of male with front margin bulged on second costal cell. Legs moder- ately slender, the hind pair elongated ; male claws of front and middle legs longer than last tarsal joint; those of hind legs about as long as last tarsal joint, all strongly bent at tip. Facial plate longitudinally arched, distinctly carinate, the crest of median line suturelike and similar to the crests of facialia. Front at vertex less than one-fifth head-width in male, epistoma prominent. Polistiopsis mima, new species. Length of body 19 mm. ; of wing, over 14 mm. One male, Tehuantepec ( Sumichrast ) . Head brown to blackish in ground color, the face and front varying from silvery white to velvet brown according to lights, frontalia dull brown; lunula and first two antennal joints rufous to brownish yellow, third antennal joint blackish, the arista concolorous with second joint; beard brassy grey. Thorax and abdomen reddish brown to brownish red, the pleurae and coxae thinly silvery; mesoscutum and scutellum thinly silvery, the former with two linear median vittae and an outer anterior blotch ill-defined. Only a faint indication of silvery pollen on narrow basal margin of second and third segments. Legs brownish rufous, the tarsi darker. Wings deep brown on costal half from base to tip, the brown follow- ing fourth vein, while fifth vein and hind cross vein are bordered with yellowish ; a light space in apical and discal cells. Tegulae subhyaline. Holotype, No. 19220, U. S. Nat. Mus. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 45 A GENUS OF HYSTRICIINE FLIES WITH WHITE MAGGOTS By CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND Peru, which is noted for its unique conditions and forms of life, affords us the following unique case of perfectly white first-stage maggots in a member of the tribe Larvcevorini, from the Andean altitudes. This fly is closely similar in ex- ternal characters to Andinomyia and Vibrissomyia, whose first-stage maggots are of the ordinary colored-platelet type, hitherto considered distinctive of the Hystriciinae. It inhabits the same high puna region, and occurs in company with those genera, but appears to be comparatively rare. Sorochemyia, new genus. Genotype, Sorochemyia oroya Townsend, new species. Differs from Andinomyia as follows: Third antennal joint of female about equal to the elongate second, or very slightly longer, moderately and evenly widened distally, truncate on apex but not strongly so ; that of male more distinctly but yet only slightly longer than second, more widened distally, the upper edge not as long as under edge in profile, more rounded on corners, obliquely subtruncate. Parafacials nearly as broad as eye in female, rather less in male, the head rather higher in proportion to length and thus not so conspicuously elongate. Two rows of frontal bristles, all directed inward; three or rarely four facio-orbitals, better separated from lowest frontals; female with only two proclinate fronto-orbitals. Proboscis not quite so long, the part beyond geniculation scarcely equalling or at most not exceeding head-height. The two strong lateral scutellar macrochaetae reach beyond middle of third abdominal segment. Abdominal macrochaetae longer and stronger, the anal segment with discal, submarginal, and marginal rows. Bristly hairs of abdomen conspicuously longer in both sexes, especially so in male, more of the nature of pile. Male claws elongate, those of female much shorter. Front tarsi of female distinctly widened, but only slightly so. Sorochemyia oroya, new species. Length of body, 11 to 12 mm. ; of wing, 9 to 9.75 mm. One 46 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS male and two females, Oroya, Peru, over 12,000 feet, May 7 and 8, 1914, on short herbage in Rio Mantaro valley bottoms above town (Townsend). Black. Front with thin silvery pollen, tending to faint brassy shade. Face and cheeks with pale golden pollen. Occi- put cinereous. Front, antennae and occiput blackish, frontalia not so dark ; face and cheeks yellowish in ground color. Moso- scutum thinly silvery, faintly showing four vittae that are nearly equal. Scutellum dark testaceous, blackish on sides, tinged somewhat dark on disk. Abdomen wholly black, subshining, without trace of markings or pollen. The abdomen shows a faint metallic luster, a trace of which is also perceptible on the thorax. Front femora very faintly silvery on outside. Wings very dilute smoky throughout, no yellow but rather a blackish tinge on base, veins showing yellowish. Tegulse deeply smoky. Holotype, No. 19221, U. S. Nat. Mus., female (TD4268). Allotype, male (TD4269). Paratype, female (TD4270). The male reproductive system shows the long vasa deferen- tia characteristic of the Larvsevorini and allied tribes, with very long accessory glands. The female system is character- istic of the same groups, the uterus being very long and truly straplike with eggs and maggots up to eight and ten parallel rows. The paratype at time of pinning showed four extruded white maggots, with black cephalopharyngeal skeleton, at- tached to larvipositor. The preuterus is of regular form, but bears on dorsal surface near base a pair of unequal saclike vesicles, of which the larger one may exceed in size the preu- terus itself. This structure is unique in the Muscoidea so far as yet known. SOME WEST INDIAN DIPTERA By FREDERICK KNAB The following notes and descriptions of new species have resulted from determination work. They are offered as a slight contribution to our knowledge of the highly interesting but neglected dipterous fauna of the Antilles. Mallophora macquartii Rondani. Mallophora scopifer Macquart (not Wiedemann), Dipt. Exot., vol. I, pt. 2, p. 89 (1838). INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 47 Mallophora macquartii Rondani, Nuovi Annali Sci. Nat. Bologna, ser. 3, vol. 2, p. 367 (18.50). Mallophora scopifera Bigot (not Wiedemann), in: de la Sagra, Hist. fis. de la Isla de Cuba, Spanish edit., vol. 7, p. 331 (1856). Mallophora scopipcda Rondani, Arch, per la Zool., vol. 3, p. 46 (1863). Mallophora macquartii Osten Sacken, Cat. Dipt. No. Amer., 2 edit., p. 78. 233 (1878). Mallophora macquarti Snow, Kans. Univ. Quart., vol. 4, p. 186 (1896). Mallophora scopipcda Aldrich. Cat. No. Amer. Dipt., p. 279 (1905). Macquart, as early as 1838, detected that Cuban specimens were specifically distinct from the Mallophora scopifer de- scribed by Wiedemann from Brazil, but he failed to propose a new name for the species. This was done by Rondani, who, twelve years later, proposed the name macquartii for the Cuban form. After a lapse of thirteen years Rondani pro- posed another name, scopipcda, for the same form, evidently having forgotten his previous action. Osten Sacken had the name macquartii from Loew and was under the impression that it was a manuscript name ; hence we find scopipcda given priority in the Aldrich catalog. Malloplwra macquartii, thus far, is known only from Cuba. There are before me two females and a male, all taken at Cayamas by Mr. E. A. Schwarz. The species may be best compared with the North American Mallophora orcina of Wiedemann. It agrees with this in the yellow-haired head, scutellum and anterior margin of the thorax ; as in that species the abdomen is dorsally yellow-haired, black at tip, the fifth to seventh segments being black-haired. The Cuban species differs by the absence of black bristles from the mystax ; the femora and tibice are ferruginous instead of black, and are pale yellowish-haired, only the apices of the tibise black- haired ; the venter on the first four segments shows a medium line of rather loose, long, erect yellowish hairs, while in orcina the venter is wholly densely black -haired. In the male macquartii the front tarsi are dorsally whitish haired, while in the female they are all black. Mallophora orcina shows an entirely different sexual dichroism. In the female all the legs are wholly black-haired, while in the male the hind tibiae are white-haired over a considerable portion of the lower sur- 48 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS face and the hind tarsi have the last three joints dorsally white-haired. Tabanus hookeri, new species. Eyes bare in the female, hairy in the male. Abdomen dor- sally with three longitudinal series of pale markings. Wings clear, the posterior cells all widely open, the upper branch of the third vein not appendiculate. Female: General color brownish gray. Frons broad, nar- rowing gradually toward the antennae, yellowish gray ; frontal callosity brown, roughly quadrate, as broad as high and con- tiguous with eyes, a narrow connected line reaching about one-third the way to occiput. Antennae bright ferruginous ; first joint with the dorsal apex black and with many short black hairs; third joint dorsally with a prominent but obtruse basal process, its apex and the annulate part of the joint black. Palpi yellowish white, with a few scattered black hairs. Face and cheeks clothed with white pollen and hair. Thorax dor- sally dark gray and yellowish brown, the latter color mostly laterally and in two narrow subdorsal stripes ; scutellum yellow brown tinged with gray ; pleurae grayish white and clothed with white hair; disk of thorax and scutellum clothed with white hair scales and fine black hairs. Abdomen dorsally blackish brown, a median series of yellowish brown contigu- ous triangular spots, narrow on anterior margins and broad- ened to posterior margins ; on each side, half-way toward lat- eral margins, a series of broad oblique bars of the same color, touching both anterior and posterior margins of the segments, but not the lateral margins ; extreme lateral margins with a narrow continuous brownish yellow stripe ; the pale markings are overlaid with whitish hair-scales ; venter pale ferruginous, tinted with pale gray at the sides, the seventh segment with short erect black bristles. Legs pale ferruginous, with pale gray pruinosity and whitish down, the anterior and middle coxae dark, the front tibiae blackened from just beyond the middle; tarsi blackish. Wings hyaline, the stigma long and brownish yellow. Halteres pale ferruginous, with creamy white knobs. The eyes show traces of two transverse pur- plish stripes. Length : Body, about 11 mm. ; wing 9 mm. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 49 Male : Eyes with the small facets forming a dark band along the lower margin, very broad posteriorly and tapering to a point above antennse. Third antennal joint with the basal process hardly larger than in the female, but distinctly acute. Abdomen with the dorsal markings less distinct, the median stripe obsolete. Length: Body, about 11 mm.; wing, 8.3 mm. Mayaguez, Porto Rico, 1 female, January 9, 1912 (C. W. Hooker), 1 male, October 24, 1914 (R. H. Van Zwaluwen- burg). Type, Cat. No. 19354, U. S. Nat. Mus. Named in memory of the late C. W. Hooker. The species agrees with none of the descriptions of species previously re- ported from the West Indies. Hyperalonia gargantua, new species. Antennse deep reddish brown to black, the style slightly shorter than the third joint. Head with the vertex dull black, the frons clothed mostly with pinkish brown scales and fine black hairs; posterior eye-margins white-scaled. Thorax blackish brown, anteriorly with a collar of erect maroon red hair-scales, followed by black ones; a large tuft of maroon red scales before roots of wings and another beneath posterior angles ; tufts of the same color upon the coxse ; disk of thorax clothed with small appressed blackish scales, becoming pinkish posteriorly, at the sides and upon the scutellum. Abdomen dorsally with the first segment black-scaled; second with a broad band of white scales anteriorly, slightly narrowed toward the middle, where it is about half the width of the segment; the succeeding segments wholly black-scaled, the scales at the posterior margins of the segments touched with dull pink, on the margin of the sixth segment a few white- tipped scales. Venter dark, with long maroon red hair-scales at the sides, longest and most dense anteriorly. Femora dark reddish brown tinged with black, the tibiae and tarsi black. Wings with four submarginal cells and three blackish bands similar to those in H. cerberus but less extensive. The first band is basal and involves the bases of the second basal and anal cells ; the second band crosses the wing over the anterior cross-vein, involves the base of the discal cell, the apices of 50 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS the second basal and anal cells and the bases of the third and fourth posterior cells ; the third band involves the furcation of the second vein, the posterior cross-vein, and sends a branch to the apex of the first posterior cell ; several small detached spots occur outwardly on the veins, but there is no spot at the apex of the upper branch of the third vein. Length : Body, about 20 mm. ; wing, 24 mm. St. Elizabeth, Santa Cruz Mountains,, Jamaica, altitude 1,500 feet, 1 specimen, October 14, 1899 (C. B. Taylor). Type, Cat. No. 19355, U. S. Nat. Mus. Nearest to Hyperalonia cerherus Fabricius, but differs by its much larger size, the more restricted black fasciae of the wings, black tibise, absence of white markings from the pos- terior portion of the abdomen and other details. The long red pubescence present at the sides of the venter in this species is absent in cerherus. In the wing of gargantiia the clear spaces between the black fasciae reach forward to the first vein, while in cerherus the black fasciae are more or less con- fluent in the anterior region. Heterostylum haemorrhoicum (Loew). Bombylius hcemorrhoicus Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., vol. 7, p. 300 (Centur. iv, species 46). 1863. Bombylius semirufus Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., vol. 16, p. 78 (Centur. x, species 41), 1872. A specimen in the U. S. National Museum collection bears the label "Grand Anse, Hayti, P. R. Uhler," and is evidently one of the original series from which the type of Bombylius semirufus was derived. The specimen is a typical Heterostyl- um in every respect; Loew compares the species with Bom- bylius hcemorrhoicus, which he had previously described from Cuba, and which therefore also belongs here. This view is supported by Loew's comparison of hcemorrhoicus with Bom- bylius ferrugineus Fabricius, which belongs to Heterostylum. In the descriptions of hcemorrhoicus and semirufus no tangible differences are apparent and both descriptions apply equally well to the specimen before me. While in the absence of Cuban material the synonymy cannot be made positive, it is at least highly probable and was already suspected by Loew himself. Date of publication. May, 15, 1915. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus Published monthly. Sold only by subscription. $2 a year in advance, payable to Harrison G. Dyar, 804 B Street SW., Washington. D. C. The editor will be glad to receive short original articles, especially in orders of insects other than Lepidoptera. Prompt publication of acceptable matter is assured. Twenty-five copies of the number in which the article appears will be furnished to contributors gratis, except in the case of short notes. Additional copies in any num- ber, at cost, on previous notice. • sa *. Contents of Vol. Ill, Nos. 1-4, January- April, 1915 Page Descriptions of New American Thysanoptera. By J. Douglas Hood . 1 An Acalyptrale Genus of Muscoidea. By Charles H. T. Townsend 41 Gracilaria azaleae Busck=G. zachrysa Meyrick. By August Busck . . 42 A Polistiform Genus of Muscoid Flies. By Charles H. T. Townsend . 43 A Genus of Hystriciine Flies with White Maggots. By Charles H. T. Town- send 45 Some West Indian Diptera. By Frederick Knab -. . 46 STANLEY SEARLES, PRINTER. 19 RANDOLPH PLACE N. W. INSECUTOR INSCITi:^ MENSTRUUS Jl MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY Vol. Ill MAY-JULY. 1915 Nos. 5-7 CONDUCTED BY HARRISON G. DYAR, WASHINGTON. D. C. ^ ' u%l MS ^f/Qnal^}^ ^J^ Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus Vol. Ill MAY-JULY. 1915 Nos. 5-7 NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS GRACILARIA AND NOTES ON TWO SPECIES ALREADY DESCRIBED (Lepidoptera, Gracilariidce ) By CHAS. R. ELY Gracilaria burgessiella Zeller. (Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxiii, 307, 1873.) This species was described by Zeller from a captured speci- men from Beverley, Massachusetts. During the latter part of July, 1912, the writer bred two specimens of this insect, and in July, 1914, four more, from typical Gracilaria cones in the leaves of Cornus candidissijna Marsh. The imagoes emerged July 3()-August 1. The mine which the larva makes is on the under side of the leaf, narrow and winding at first, but quickly terminating in a small, elongated blotch, next to a rib or vein. After emerging from the mine the larva rolls the tip of the leaf downwards into a small cone. It leaves the cone to spin its cocoon, which is similar to those of our common maple and willow feeders. On the same bushes, from which this material was collected, were found leaves which had been formed into cylindrical rolls, the leaf being rolled from the side. The inclosed larvse were badly parasitized and no imagoes were reared. These rolls may also be the work of burgessiella Zell., but the author's experience would lead him to believe that another species is represented. This insect is probably not very abundant. The numerous records of burgessiella Zell. in the various lists usually refer to the very common species which feeds on red maple. 51 52 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS The two species are, however, quite distinct. In burgessiella Zell. the costal spots are paler and the first one, as given in Zeller's description, and shown in his accompanying figure, is concave outwardly, ending in a point, and the second costal spot is greatly produced along the costa, being about three times as long as it is broad. Gracilaria vacciniella, new species. Face white, crown dark purplish, extending well over in front ; labial palpi white, the terminal joint well shaded with black outwardly just before apex; maxillary palpi white; antennae annulate with yellowish at the joints of the segments; thorax concolorous with the fore wings. Front and middle legs dark purplish, except the tarsi, which are white, with the joints tipped with black, the tibiae tufted ; the hind legs, with the basal portion of the femora, a shining, yellowish white, the apical portion quite dark ; tibiae and tarsi light yellow gray, the latter heavily shaded with brown on the upper side, espe- cially near the tarsal joint. Abdomen yellow gray above, shining pale yellowish below. The fore wings dark purple with irridescence, with two bright, shining costal spots ; the first spot triangular, with basal margin oblique and rounded, the posterior margin nearly perpendicular to the costa, the apex reaching the fold; the second spot, which is separated from the first one by a distance about equal to the width of the first costal spot, is broadest on the costa and is quite convex on the side directed toward the dorsum; base of wing below the fold yellow; cilia smoky gray, heavily shaded about the apex, almost concolorous with the wing, the usual lines in the apecial cilia being very indistinct. Hind wings dark, smoky gray, with cilia somewhat paler. Expanse 11 mm. Described from one of a number of specimens, bred by W. G. Dietz on vaccinium at Hazleton, Pennsylvania, July 29, 1888. Type, Cat. No. 19324, U. S. Nat. Mus. This species is near burgessiella Zell., but may be separated from it by the shape and color of the costal spots and the pres- ence of yellow at the base of the dorsal edge. The species which feeds on the leaves of the red maple has long been known, but heretofore wrongly placed under bur- INSECUTOR INSCITI^ ME:NSTRUUS 53 gessiella Zell. The following name and description is therefore given. Gracilaria bimaculatella, new species. Face white ; crown and thorax pale, mixed purplish and straw color ; antennae yellowish gray mixed with brown ; labial and maxillary palpi white, the former shaded outwardly with dark brown just before tip of apical point. Joints of first and middle pairs of legs, except the tarsi, concolorous with wings, tibiae tufted, tarsi white with a brown spot at the end of each joint; hind legs with tarsi and tibiae yellow gray, the former shaded slightly at the joints, femora near basal joint pale yellow. Abdomen dark yellow gray above, bright lemon yellow below, anal tuft straw color. Fore wings purple, but appearing brownish in some lights ; with two golden costal triangles, the first, extending from about the basal fourth to the middle of the costa, the indented apex reaching beyond the fold almost to the dorsal edge of the wing; the second costal spot is very close to the first one, the intervening space being somewhat darker along the costa, and is nearly semicircular in outline ; between this spot and the apex are two or three small spots similar to the wings in color, but somewhat darker ; the cilia about the apex are yellow gray with two distinct brownish lines, which begin just beyond the apex and end at a point which is directly beneath the posterior margin of the second costal spot. Hind wings yellow gray with paler cilia. Expanse, 11 mm. Type, Cat. No. 19325, U. S. Nat. Mus. Described from a specimen reared from a cone found on red maple, at East River, Connecticut. Adult emerged July 23, 1912. Gracilaria cornusella, new species. Face pale lemon yellow; crown purplish, with some straw- colored scales ; thorax dark purple ; labial palpi yellowish white annulate with black just before the apex which is whitish ; maxillary palpi whitish ; antennae brown annulate with yellow- ish at the joints of the segments. Abdomen dark smoky gray above, bright lemon yellow below. Front and middle legs 54 INSECUTOR INvSCITIyE" ME'NSTRUUS- with white tarsi, dark brown at the tips of the joints, middle tibiae tufted; hind legs with tarsi and tibise dark yellow gray- shaded with brown, femora 3'ellow at base. Fore wings dark purple, with two, tvidely separated, shining golden spots, on the costal margin ; the first spot extending to the fold, the costal edge of the triangle reaches from the basal fourth to nearly the middle of the costa; at a distance about as great as the width of the wing from the first spot is the second costal spot, very small and nearly semicircular in form ; the cilia are dark gray, with two distinct black lines extending around the apex and well into the dorsal cilia. Hind wings dark smoky gfay; cilia paler. Expanse, 10 mm. Type, Cat. No. 19326, U. S. Nat. Mus. The above description is; taken from one of a series of about twenty-five specimens, reared by the writer at East River, Connecticut, from mines and rolls in the leaves of Cornus stolonifera Michx. The material was collected about the mid- dle of July and adults emerged the last week in July and the first week in August. The mifie is short and winding, in the lower side of the leaf, ending in a somewhat elongated blotch about half an inch long, placed usually between and at the junction of two of the ribs or veins. After leaving the mine the larva rolls the leaf downward, from one side, into a cylindrical roll. The cocoon is of the usual boat-shaped form, and is made within the roll, near the first fold in the leaf. The work of this insect closely resembles that of Bxartema punctanum Wlsm., but the larva of the latter usually eats through the leaf forming the roll, in a number of places, while the gracilaria larva eats only one side of the leaf. A series of ten specimens was also obtained from Cornus alternifolia L. In habits and appearance these correspond so closely to those reared from Cornus stolonifera that they are believed to represent the same species. Three specimens reared by A. Busck from Cornus species at Washington, D. C, April 2, 1900, are also included under this species. This insect may be distinguished from its nearer relatives INSecUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRU0S 55 hy its dark color, wide separation of costal spots, yellow face and absence of yellow at base of dorsum. 'Gracilaria glutinella, new species. Face yellow; head and thorax reddish bronze; labial and maxillary palpi straw color, the labial palpi shaded with dark brown just before apex, darker outwardly. Antennae brown annulate with yellowish at the joints of segments. Abdomen pale yellow gray above, pale yellow below. Front and middle legs with white tarsi very faintly touched with a few dark scales at the joints, tibise and femora reddish bronze ; hind legs with tarsi and tibiae pale yellowish gray, the tibiae shaded with brown near the tarsal joint, femora and coxae pale yellow at their juncture, elsewhere reddish bronze. Fore wings red- dish bronze with some straw colored scales most abundant toward the apex, along the costa ; a shining golden triangle on the costal margin reaching from the basal fourth to just be- yond the middle of the costa, the apex extending to the fold where it is somewhat truncated; two dark lines in the cilia around the apex ; the rest of cilia gray. Hind wings dark gray ; cilia paler. Expanse, 12-13 mm. Type, Cat. No. 19327, U. S. Nat. Mus. The above description is taken from a specimen bred from a cone rolled in a leaf of Alnus glutinosa, collected July 3, 1912, in East River, Connecticut Adult issued July 14th. Four others collected July 3 to 22, issued July 14 to August 4. From material collected from the same food plant during August, 1914, imagoes appeared in September, which are be- lieved to represent a later brood of glutinella. In this form the bright yellow is dulled to a yellow gray or straw color, and the dark brown assumes a deeper purplish tint. The general appearance of the insect is so different from the typical glutinella that a description is here given. Face, and comb of scales over face, pale yellowish, edged with brown at the sides ; crown darker, somewhat more straw colored. Labial palpi straw colored, shaded throughout with dark purple, terminal joint with heavy annulation of nearly black scales just before tip. Maxillary palpi straw colored, 56 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS shaded outwardly with dark purple, except at the base of the terminal joint. Antennae dark brown annulate with whitish at the joints of the segments. Fore wings and thorax dark purplish, intermixed with straw-colored scales ; a costal tri- angle similar in form to that of coroniella or gliitinella is faintly discernible, with the help of a hand lens, the ground color pale straw, but almost completely overlaid with dark purple. Cilia gray, the apical cilia almost concolorous with the wings, with two dark lines about the apex. Hind wings smoky gray with paler cilia. Front and middle legs with nearly white tarsi, marked at the tips of the segments with dark purple, other joints dark purple, tibiae tufted ; hind legs straw color, heavily shaded with dark scales outwardly, femora concolorous with abdomen near coxal joint, the remaining portion shaded with dark purple outwardly. Abdomen straw color, somewhat shaded with dark scales above. Expanse, 13 mm. The larva in the late form has the following habits. A wind- ing linear mine is first made, on the under side of a leaf, ending in a small blotch which is generally near the edge of the leaf. After leaving the mine it turns the edge of a leaf downward, making a single elongated fold. Probably more than one of these folds may be made by the same larva. When nearly full grown it leaves this shelter and rolls the tip of a leaf downward into a rather long cone, which is abandoned when it is ready to spin its cocoon, which is of the usual form. This insect is very near coroniella, from which it can be dis- tinguished by its dark head and thorax and the darker ground color of the wings. Gracilaria flavella, new species. Face pale yellowish. Labial and maxillary palpi pale yel- lowish. Crown and thorax yellowish straw color with pur- plish irridescence. Antennae yellow gray annulate with brown. Fore wings a yellowish tan color bordered on the costa with bright straw color. Cilia about the apex straw intermixed with tan, elsewhere yellow gray. Hind wings and cilia yellow gray. Abdomen yellow gray above, anal tuft and lower side INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 57 of abdomen pale straw. Front and middle legs dark brown, except the tarsi, which are white, dotted at the tip of each joint, with dark brown. Hind legs with yellow gray tarsi and tibiae, femora straw color shaded with brown near base. Expanse, 10 mm. Type. Cat. No. 19328, U. S. Nat. Mus. Described from one of a series of four specimens reared from cones on Myrica cerifera h., collected on June 29, 1912. Adults emerged July 11 to 18. The mines made by this species are on the under side of the leaf and are very small. There is first a narrow linear mine, a few millimeters long, ending in a blotch about 3 or 4 mm. in length by 1^/2 to 2 mm. in breadth, usually near an edge of the leaf. The cones are made by rolling the tip of the leaf downward. The general appearance of this species is that of a very small and pale form of elongella L. Gracilaria flavimaculella, new species. Face pale yellow brown, mixed with dark brown ; head simi- larly marked, but with more dark brown ; thorax pale yellow- ish brown with a few dark brown scales ; antennae pale yellow brown, ringed with dark brown between the joints; labial palpi straw color heavily shaded outwardly with brown, the terminal joint completely brown outwardly, except at the ex- treme base and apex ; maxillary palpi straw colored shaded with brown ; fore wings brown, with somewhat diffuse mark- ings of pale yellow brown, the yellowish color being most evi- dent along the fold, the dorsal margin, and the costal margin beyond the middle, where it has the appearance of two indis- tinctly outlined spots ; abdomen dark brown above, with anal tuft and under side pale yellow brown tending toward straw color ; front and middle legs with straw colored tarsi marked with brown at the joints, the tibiae and femora dark brown ; hind legs straw color, the tarsi and femora slightly shaded and the tibiae almost completely covered with dark scales. Cilia gray with diffuse blackish lines toward the apex along the dorsal margin ; hind wings dark smoky gray, with paler cilia. Expanse, 10 mm. 58 IBTSECtTTOR INSCTTI^ MEKTSTRUtTS' Type, Cat. No. 19329, U, S. Nat. Mus. Described from one of a series of more than a dozen speci- mens taken at light in East River, Connecticut,, from July 15 to September 5, 1912. Gracilaria minimella, new species. Venation: fore wings with 11 veins, 4 and 5 connate, 3 absent; hind wings 7 veins, 4 absent. Face whitish ; crown and thorax ochreous ; antennae ochreous with darker annulations ; labial palpi yellowish, second joint black at apex and terminal joint annulate with black ; maxil- lary palpi yellowish white, tipped with black ; fore wings mixed dark brown and pale ochreous scales. There seems to be no definite pattern but the whole costal area of the wing is rather paler than the remaining portion. This gives the efifect of a pale, somewhat obscure, ochreous band, within which there are a number of small scattered black spots. Cilia of fore wings gray, intermixed with black about the apex. Hind wings smoky gray, cilia paler; abdomen dark brown gray above, slightly lighter with yellowish scales below, with anal tuft a contrasting straw color. Front and middle legs with whitish tarsi, the joints tipped with brown, other joints dark brown ; hind legs with yellowish tarsi and tibiae, dark smoky above. Expanse, 9 to 9.5 mm. Described from one of a series of about a dozen specimens taken at light in East River, Connecticut, during July and August, 1910. Type Cat. No. 19330, U. S. Nat. Mus. Gracilaria fraxinella, new species. Face nearly white ; crown and comb of scales over face gray, expansible tufts of scales on either side of crown; antennae whitish annulate with black ; labial palpi, with pronounced tuft on the second joint, gray in color shaded with black below and outwardly, apical joint much darker than second, except the extreme tip, which is white ; maxillary palpi whitish, marked with black toward the tip of the second and in the middle of the terminal joint. The fore wings are a mottled gray in color.- Under a hand lens the ground color is seen to consist INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 59 loi a mixture of white and ochre, with irregular patches of black. There are three very indistinct and broken fasciae of black, intermixed with white scales ; the first extends •obliquely inwardly nearly reaching the fold beyond which it continues half way to the costal margin ; the second begins at the costa one-third from base and continues obliquely out- wardly to near the fold beyond which there is a small patch of the same shading parallel to the first fascia ; the third parallel to the second, and near the middle of the wing, consists of barely more than a patch on the costa and another slightly elongated spot along the fold. Beyond these dark areas the shading is irregularly distributed, giving a very mottled ap- pearance. The apex of the wing is bordered with black ex- tending around the apex and well into the dorsal cilia, there are two black lines in the apical cilia, elsewhere the cilia are gray. Hind wings dark smoky gray, cilia paler. Middle and front legs covered with mixed black and white scales, the tarsi more white inwardly. Hind legs yellow gray, heavily shaded with black. Abdomen smoky gray above, whitish below. Ex- panse, 13 to 14 mm. This species is described from one of a series of more than a dozen specimens. Cones collected June 39, 1912, and imagoes issued July 13 to 21, 1912. On the leaves of Fraxinits species at East River, Connecticut. This insect has been bred from ash by W. V. Slingerland, at Ithaca, N. Y. (Can. Ent., p. 96, 1893), and by Miss A. F. Braun, near Oxford, Ohio (Can. Ent., p. 160, 1912). In each of the above cases the insect was identified as Coriscium culculipennellum Hb., to which it is indeed very similar. The fasciae are, however, much more broken in the case of fraxinella than in the European species, and lack the white shading, just before the fasciae, which is usually quite evident in the case of the latter. Although it is necessary to place this insect under the genus Gracilaria, as it is now defined by Meyrick, the genus Coris- cium not being recognized, it should be noted that it differs very widely from our other species of Gracilaria in its habits in forming its cocoon. This is spun suspended within the 60 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS cone, long and spindle shaped, and near one end of the cone the leaf is prepared for the emergence of the adult. Upon emergence the pupa is thrust through the previously-prepared portion of the leaf, and the empty skin is left protruding from the cone. (See figure in Kellogg's American Insects, p. 378, 1908.) Gracilaria quercinigrella, new species. Venation : Fore wings 12 veins, all separate, 3, 4 and 5 somewhat approximate, 2 far from angle of cell ; hind wings with 9 veins, 8 ending at the hump on costa and extra vein arising out of the base of 7 just below the hump. Face pale gray. Crown somewhat roughened, expansible tufts above eyes. Labial and maxillary palpi white with a few dark scales which are more abundant outwardly and toward the tips of the joints; the second joint of the labial palpi with a distinct tuft. Thorax and fore wings with a white ground color overlaid by numerous yellowish and black -tipped scales, giving an ashy gray appearance ; the markings very poorly defined, the basal area of the wing above the fold dark gray, below the fold much lighter, just beyond this dark area is a pale gray fascia which extends, slanting outwardly, clear across the wing, beyond this the pattern is indistinct, but there seems to be a faint indication of several concave, whitish fasciae toward the tip of the wing. The cilia are white with two lines about the apex. Hind wings pale gray. On the under side the fore wings, a portion of the hind wings and the legs are heavily shaded with red-brown. The front and middle legs have whitish tarsi annulate with rusty brown at the tips of the segments, the tibiae and femora nearly covered with red- brown, hind legs yellowish, tarsi and tibiae unshaded, femora and coxae shaded with red-brown. Abdomen yellow gray above, whiter on under side speckled with brown. Antennae about as long as fore wings, pale yellow gray annulate with brown. Expanse, 10 mm. Type, Cat. No. 19332, U. S. Nat. Mus. Described from one of a series of four specimens, bred from cones on Quercus nigra L. ; collected June 30 to July 1, INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 61 1912, at East River, Connecticut; adults emerged September 3 to 25, 1912. This insect appears difficult to rear, the four specimens having been obtained from a large number of cones containing active and apparently healthy larvae. A careful examination of the leaves on which the cones were found did not reveal anything which looked as if it might be the mine of this species. The cone is very peculiar. It is not made by rolling the leaf, but by bending under a single lobe and fastening down its edges to the flat surface of the under side of the main portion of the leaf. Along the margin where the cone is fastened together the leaf is eaten through in a row of small holes. The larva is whitish in color, but appears brownish between the segments, giving it a ringed appearance. It seems to be more active than most other Gracilaria larvae, and there is an unusually long interval between its early stages and the appearance of the imago. Larvae which were apparently full grown the first week in July, wandered about the breeding jars for nearly a month before spinning their cocoons, and did not emerge as adults until September. This species is probably also to be found on other oaks than Q. nigra L. Cones similar to those above described were found on red oak. None were, however, noticed on any of the white oak group. Gracilaria ostryaella Chambers. In the Ent. News for April, 1912, Miss A. F. Braun notes that the single specimen which she reared from a larva mining the upper side of a leaf of Ostrya, was identical with those obtained from larvae mining the under side of Carpinus. The writer was enabled through the abundance of the material afforded, during the summer of 1914, to obtain a series of 19 specimens from Ostrya and 25 from Carpinus. Although there was a great variation in the specimens, taken as a whole, it was not possible to find any satisfactory characters for separating the two series. It hardly seems possible that the same species should have such different habits when feeding 62 INSECUTOK INSGITl^ MEKSTRTJUS upon two closely allied food plants, but from the imagoes it is practically impossible to tell from which food plant they have been reared. No under side mines were found ort Ostrya, such as Miss Braun describes, but a single mine was found on the upper side of Carpinus, which was in all respects like the typical mine on the upper side of Osfrya. The writer wishes to here acknowledge his indebtedness to Mr. August Busck for his generous help and advice upon many occasions in the course of the preparation of this paper. TWO NEW LEPIDOPTERA FROM THE ANTILLES By HARRISON G. DYAR Ctenucha hilHana, new species. Black ; occiput and palpi orange-red. Fore wing black with blue-green reflection, strongest at base ; fringe narrowly white. Hind wing black with very bright blue reflection. Abdomen blue, last two segments above and half of venter orange-red. Expanse, 40 mm. Type, male, No. 19331, U. S. Nat. Mus. ; Columbia, Isle of Pines, April, 1914 (H. D. Hill). Laetilia portoricensis, new species. Gray; basal space light; inner line whitish, erect, inbent in cell, followed with deep black, which forms a patch in the indentation ; a whitish subcostal stripe from beyond inner line to near outer, with a central black dash on costa and annular black discal spot in its lower edge; black streaks more or less distinct along discal and submedian folds ; outer line pale, relieved by dark clouding, strongest subapically, gently outbent in middle third; margin light, with indistinct terminal dots. Hind wing dark fuscous. Expanse, 11 mm. Type, female. No. 19333, U. S. Nat. Mus.; Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, November 23, 1913 (T. H. Jones). INSECUTOR INSCITIJE MENSTRUUS 63 NEW ANDEAN SPALLANZANIINE FLIES By CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND Chaetocnephalia, new genus. Genotype, Chcetocnephalia alpina Townsend, new species. Differs from Cnephalia by the parafacial bristles being as strong as frontals and peristomals, and arranged in two ir- regular rows. Front tarsi of female not appreciably widened ; head longer, parafacials about two-thirds width of eye ; female with two proclinate outer and three or four reclinate inner orbital bristles, the latter closely approximated or bunched : second aristal joint about three times as long as wide, third antennal joint of female but little longer than the elongate second joint; two rows of inwardly directed frontal bristles on each side in the female ; beside the two rows of strong parafacial bristles there is a third row of weak ones along orbit. Facialia not ciliate, a few bristles immedately next vibrissas ; proboscis horny, stout, slightly longer than head- height ; palpi long, curved, a little thickened apically ; post- vertical bristles small and short, normal, only one pair; only one occipitocentral bristle on each side. Four sternopleural and four postsutural bristles. Abdomen of female flattened, macrochsetse only marginal. Apical cell closed in border far before wing-tip, hind crossvein nearer bend, last section of fifth vein nearly or quite one-half as long as preceding sec- tion, costal spine quite long, third vein bristly only at base. Chaetocnephalia alpina, new species. Length of body, 9.5 mm. ; of wing, 8 mm. One female, Oroya, Peru, March 7, 1913 (Townsend). On short herbage. Blackish in ground color, submarmorate with silvery white. Whole face and front strongly silvered, except the black ocellar area, the faintly silvery frontalia and the pale yellow- ish prominent epistoma ; the varying incidence of light presents successively dark parafacials except a silvery fleck above and below on orbital margin, a broad transverse band of dark from eye to eye across antennal base extending broadly along orbits to vertex, and lastly a broad dark stripe taking up the pos- 64 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS terior two-thirds of each parafrontal except the narrow inner margin. Antennae and palpi black; occiput silvery, with yel- lowish-white beard. Mesoscutum showing four broad black and nearly equal vittae, leaving five nearly equal silvery vittae, of which the middle one shows a decided yellow shade behind the suture; pleura very faintly silvery, showing principally as a spot on the front half of the pteropleura, another spot immediately below on the bristled area of the sternopleura, both of these with a faint golden shade in some lights, and a white fleck in front of the uppermost hypopleural bristles ; also a large silvery spot on the mesopleura, whose lower pos- terior portion is deeply golden ; humeri silvery ; scutellum tes- taceous, blackish at lateral angles, faintly silvery. Abdomen rather shining on last two segments and middle of second, showing faintly silvery on first two segments except middle ; narrow median stripe of dull golden pollen on second and third segments, four flecks of golden pollen on front border of third segment, four flecks of golden on front border of anal segment and a fifth rust-gold fleck on extreme tip ; the flecks of third segment change to silvery in some lights and spread over all of segment except middle. Venter largely shining, silvery on first segment with golden anterior margins or flecks on the other segments. Legs black, the femora and tibiae with a faint silvery bloom on the outside. Wings clear, the veins yellowish except apical and hind crossveins ; extreme base faintly tinged with yellowish. Tegulae white, narrowly bordered with pale yellowish. Holotype, No. 19415, U. S. Nat. Mus. Dolichocnephalia, new genus. Genotype, Dolichocnephalia puna Townsend, new species. Dolichocephalic type of the Spallanzaniine group. Head much elongated, the para facials but little less than eye-width. Front tarsi of female noticeably widened. Claws of male greatly elongated, especially front and middle ones which are far longer than last tarsal joint, being sometimes nearly twice as long; the hind ones shorter. Apical cell open, or rarely closed in margin. Last section of fifth vein nearly or quite INSECUTOR INSCITI.^J MENSTRUUS 65 half as long as preceding section. Second aristal joint only moderately elongate, rarely half as long as third joint even in male. Cilia of male facialia marked, always strong and quite thickly placed, ascending well over halfway ; often weaker in female. Male lacking outer proclinate fronto-orbitals, female with two. Both sexes with about three inner reclinate fronto-orbi- tals. Both verticals strong, inner ones a little convergent but not decussate, outer ones strongly divergent and shorter; same in both sexes. Two rows of convergent frontals on each side ; two rows of convergent macrochaetae on parafacials of equal strength with frontal rows. Third antennal joint of female only a little longer than the strongly elongate second, about one and one-third times as long ; that of male about two and one-half times as long as the much less elongate second. Second aristal joint is usually conspicuously longer in male than in female, sometimes twice as long. Cilia of facialia wholly or partly doubled in male, single-rowed in female. Proboscis about one and two-thirds times head-height, slender ; palpi slender, filiform, slightly thickened at extreme tip, dis- tinctly shorter than front metatarsi. Cheeks about two-fifths eye-height in both sexes. Front of male but little narrower than that of female, the front very gradually narrowing from face to vertex, the face at root of antennae about one-half head-width. Epistoma greatly and abruptly produced, sub- horizontal or faintly sloping, wedgelike in profile, the lower edge oblique. Four sternopleurals ; four postsuturals, but next to front one often atrophied. Scutellum with three strong laterals, an erect divergent shorter apical pair, and a still shorter discal pair. Abdominal macrochaetae only marginal. Costal spine vestigial. Apical cell ending far before wingtip. Hind crossvein near to bend, nearly parallel with apical, no stump but at most wrinkle at bend. Hind crossvein irregular. Abdomen with long bristly hairs, longest on anal segment. Macrochaetae very long, middle and hind tibiae also with long ones. Female claws strong, but not over half as long as those of male. The frontal and peristomal profiles are subparallel in male, only slightly convergent anteriorly ; in female they are 66 INSKCUTOR INSCITL=e MENSTRUUS conspicuously convergent anteriorly, due to shorter face in female, which in turn is due to shorter antennae. The genus may be distinguished at once from Dolichogonia, another doli- chocephalic form of the same group, by the facialia being wid- ened and flattened, and the palpi and postvertical bristles short. Dolichocnephalia puna, new species. Length of body, 9 to 10 mm. ; of wing, 7.5 to 8 mm. Five males and eight females, March 6 and 7, 1914; one female, May 7, 1914, Oroya, Peru, over 13,000 feet, on short herbage in Rio Mantaro Valley above town (Townsend), a pair in copula March 6, Black, first two antennal joints rufous, palpi and epistoma fulvous. Face, cheeks, and front silvery-white burnished, the parafrontals showing the dark ground-color and a faint brassy tinge in oblique lights. Frontalia blackish. Mesoscutum pol- linose with pale golden, leaving four heavy equal black vittae, uninterrupted and all reaching scutellum ; latter rufous to tes- taceous, narrowly blackish on base and sides. Abdomen show- ing silvery pollen on first three segments, the pollen fainter on third; with ill-defined median vitta of old-gold. Hind tibias testaceous. Wings nearly clear, faintly tawny on extreme base. Tegulae nearly white, the narrow margins tawny. Holotype, female; allotype, male, on same pin, being the pair in copula and still united. No. 19416, U. S. Nat. Mus, Germariopsis, new genus. Genotype, Germariopsis Townsend, new species. Differs from Dolichocnephalia as follows : Head only a little elongate, para facials only two-thirds eye-width. Front tarsi of female not widened. Claws of male no longer than last tarsal joint, but little longer than those of female, front ones a little longer than others. Apical cell rather long-petiolate to short-petiolate, rarely closed in margin. Last section of fifth vein almost always conspicuously less than one-half length of preceding section. Second" aristal joint much longer, in male often nearly as long as third. Cilia of facialia in both sexes weak, often straggling and even vestigial. iNs:ecuTOR insciti^ mienstruus 67 Third antennal joint of female one and one-half times as long as second, that of male nearly or about three times as long as second. Two reclinate inner fronto-orbitals in female, one in male. Proboscis about twice head-height, or somewhat more. Epistoma not quite so strongly produced. Four post- sutural bristles. Bristly hairs of abdomen shorter, normal. Claws of female not as long as last tarsal joint, those of neither sex strong. Head profile more nearly alike in both sexes. Germariopsis andina, new species. Length of body, 8 to 10 mm. ; of wing, 6 to 8 mm. Forty- three females and eight males, September 29 and 30, 1912 ; two females and one male, December 5, 1912, on herbage and flowers during cool moist season, upper slopes of San Cristobal Hill, Lima, Peru, and hills adjoining, about 800 to 1,200 feet (Townsend). Black, silvery pollinose. Face, cheeks, and front silvery- white^ parafrontals showing a decided golden shade, frontalia brown to blackish ; first two antennal joints rufous, palpi ful- vous, epistoma pale yellowish ; occiput cinereous. Thorax silvery with faint golden shade ; four equal broad black vittse, the inner pair reaching not quite halfway between suture and scutellum, the outer pair stopping a little short of scutellum ; latter testaceous, with silvery pollen, blackish on sides, dusky on base in middle. Abdomen silvery-white on narrow front margins of segments 2 to 4, widening a little on sides, the fasciae connected by a median vitta of silvery, the fascia of anal segment with a faint brassy tinge; the rest of tergum with an obscure subopaque to subshining brassy covering pro- ducing a submetallic effect ; venter thinly silvery. Hind tibiae faintly reddish, rest of legs black. Wings nearly clear, faintly tawny at base. Tegulse white, the hind scale pearly. Both sexes colored alike. Holotype, No. 19417, U. S. Nat. Mus., female. Allotype, male. Dolichogonia, new genus. Genotype, Dolichogonia aurea Townsend, new species. Differs from Dolichocnephalia as follows : Arista shorter. bS INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS second joint only about twice as long as wide. Three outer or lower proclinate fronto-orbitals in female, two inner or upper reclinate. Postvertical bristles as long and strong as ocellars. Palpi long, curved, slender, very gradually thickening toward tip, distinctly longer than front metatarsi. Parafacials rather wider than the deep facial depression (equals facial plate plus facialia), the facialia on edge and not widened or flattened. About three irregular rows of macrochaetse on parafacials. Four strong sternopleurals and four postsuturals. Apical scutellar pair of bristles little longer than the discal pair. Hind crossvein not so close to bend, no wrinkle at latter. Dolichogonia aurea, new species. Length of body, 10 mm. ; of wing, 8 mm. One female, Oroya, Peru, over 12,000 feet, March 7, 1913 (Townsend). Black, golden on upper parts. Head silvery pollinose, para- frontals deep golden. Frontalia black, broad, equilateral. First two antennal joints rufous, palpi light rufous. Three golden vittse on mesoscutum, also lateral vitta along edge golden, the golden humeri confluent with latter, and isolated golden spot on mesopleura ; four broad black vittae, equal and reaching scutellum ; latter testaceous on disk, golden pollinose. Abdomen thickly and densely golden pollinose on tergum, leav- ing a faint median black vitta and black spots on origins of macrochsetae ; anal segment black, with four large golden spots on front half which are confluent on extreme base of segment. Venter black, faint silvery bloom showing, with flecks of golden along incisures. Hind tibiae dark rufous, front femora silvery on outside. Wings nearly clear, deep yellow on base. Tegulae nearly white, margined with yellow. Holotype, No. 19418, U. S. Nat. Mus. TD4118. Chaetocraniopsis, new genus. Genotype, Chcetocraniopsis tchilensis Townsend, new species. Allied to ChcBtocrania, from which it differs by the less prominent front, less swollen head, narrower parafrontals and parafacials, arista shorter and thickened evenly to tip. The apical cell ends unusually far before wing-tip, the fourth vein is bent at a right angle, its last section strongly bent in. The INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MKNSTRUUS 69 bend of fourth vein is far removed from hind margin of wing, being almost as close to the front as to the hind margin. Chaetocraniopsis chilensis, new species. Length of body, 10 mm. ; of wing, 6.5 mm. One male, Chile (E. C. Reed). Dark brown or blackish, parafrontals and parafacials silvery white pollinose, cheek grooves brownish rufous, palpi yellow, second antennal joint rufous, third antennal joint and fascial plate blackish with a faint silvery bloom, arista soft black. Mesoscutum thinly silvery, leaving four equal vittae ; scutellum pale fulvous, thinly silvery ; abdomen rather thickly silvery pollinose on second and third segments except narrow hind margin. Legs wholly blackish, hind tibise with unequal bristles, claws slightly longer than last tarsal joint. Wings nearly clear, showing no yellowish at base ; tegulas white. First and second abdominal segments of male with a median marginal pair of macrochaetse, the first segment with one lateral marginal, the second with two or three lateral marginal, the third and fourth with closely set marginal row. Apical pair of scutellar bristles rather short, erect ; three long lateral pairs, and one shorter discal pair. Front of male about as wide as both eyes, face slightly wider; facial depression deeply exca- vated, about as wide as parafacials ; cheeks of male a little less than one-half eye-height. Holotype, No. 19419, U. S. Nat. Mus. NEW PERUVIAN HYSTRICIINE FLIES By CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND Neogymnomma, new genus. Differs from Gymnomma as follows: Cheeks of female about two-thirds eye-height. Parafacials with bristly hairs, one facio-orbital bristle present. No ocellar bristles. Third antennal joint no longer than the elongate second, very wide and truncate at end. Second aristal joint very elongate. No palpi. Front tarsi of female widened. Abdomen thickly beset with slightly curved subspinelike macrochc-eta, scutellum with same. Cubitus with wrinkle only. 70 INSKCUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRITUS- Neogymnomma rufa, new species. Length of body, 9.5 mm. ; of wing, 9.5 mm. One female^. Huariaca, Peru, high montanya of the Rio Huallaga Canyon., about 10,750 feet, December 21, 1913 (Townsend). Rufous to lighter. Face and cheeks h'ght in ground color, pale golden pollinose ; paraf rontals blackish, old-gold poUinose, Frontalia and first two antennal joints pale rufous, also a tinge of same on base of third, rest of third joint blackish. Occiput golden, with pale gold beard. Bristly hairs of parafacials, parafrontals and cheeks black, those of cheeks shorter. Mesoscutum old-gold pollinose; four narrow olive vittae, the inner ones stopping a little behind suture^ the outer ones in- terrupted and stopping short of scutellum. Mesopleurse old- gold, rest of pleurae paler golden. Scutellum light rufous, with pale golden pollen. Abdomen wholly rufous above and below, the tergum deeply colored and the venter paler, show- ing a very faint grayish bloom changing to pale golden along incisures, especially on base of anal segment. Legs pale rufous, about same as venter and hardly lighter than base of antennae. Wings uniformly smoky, with a barely perceptible flavous element. Tegulae smoky-blackish, with yellowish margins. Holotype, No. 19420, U. S. Nat. Mus. TD4215. Uruhuasiopsis, new genus. Genotype, Uruhuasiops^is analis Townsend, new species. Differs from Uruhuasia (Subgenus A) as follows : Male front at vertex decidedly less than eye width ; a long hair-like procli- nate pair of ocellar bristles ; proboscis about one and three- fourths times head height; palpi slender, nipple-like, tipped by two hairs. Frontal bristles anteriorly in double row; five pairs back of root of antennae not counting the strongly divari- cate tipper orbital pair in row with them. Three sternopleural, four postsutural, three postacrostichal, two preacrostichal, and three dorsocentral bristles. Abdomen no wider than thorax, narrow-oval ; second segment with a median discal and a median marginal pair ; third segment with median discal and marginal row; fourth with discal row, and submarginal and marginal INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 7J. bristles. Apical cell not so elongate, ending one and one-half times as far from wing-tip as length of fourth vein between hind crossvein and bend, said length being hardly one-third of length between hind and small crossveins. Lateral discals of second and third segments weak, especially those of second. Apical decussate moderately strong pair of scutellar bristles, hardly one-half strength and length of the two lateral pairs, about same as the four discals which are set in a transverse row. Claws longer than last tarsal joint in male, especially front ones. Epistoma extremely developed, about as long as clypeus and of same size. Uruhuasia (Subgenus B) has frontal bristles doubled an- teriorly, but otherwise agrees in main with Uruhuasia (A) as opposed to Uruhuasiopsis. Uruhuasiopsis analis, new species. Length of body, 9 mm., the abdomen being flexed ; of wing, 8.5 mm. One male, Huariaca, Peru, about 10,725 feet, De- cember 30, 1913 (Townsend). Head silvery pollinose with a faint golden reflection which is most pronounced on cheeks, the ground color of face and cheeks being light; parafrontals dark in ground color, with golden pollen ; frontalia and first two antennal joints fulvous, third joint and arista blackish, palpi fulvous. Beard deep brassy, extending over cheeks and parafacials ; the hairs of parafrontals black. Mesoscutum and scutellum covered with a thick coat of golden pollen of the same dull shade as that of front, no distinct vittse ; pleurae a little less thickly pollinose in an oblique band extending from the shoulder to the middle coxge. Abdomen deep purplish black, subshining, anal segment with coat of golden ashy pollen except narrow anterior margin. Venter concolorous with tergum. Legs blackish, tibiae except bases rufous. Wings evenly smoky throughout, slightly yellow on base ; both scales of tegulae rich brownish yellow. Holotype, No. 19421, U. S. Nat. Mus. Pictoepalpus, new genus. Genotype, Pictoepalpus clarus Townsend, new species. Differs from Chromoepalpus by the second aristal joint being T2 INSECUTOR INSCITI^' MENSTRUUS very elongate; third antennal joint not rounded at tip, but truncate and subangular, much widened apically especially in male ; wings shorter in proportion ; apical cell not so elongate and not so widely open, ending farther before tip ; apical cross- vein not bowed in conspicuously, a wrinkle at its origin which latter is not so close to hind margin ; discal macrochastse of second segment sparse, there being only a pair or two of discals the same as on third and anal segments. Anal segment with buttocks-bunches of macrochastae in both sexes. Front tarsi of female much widened. Pictoepalpus clarus, new species. Length of body, 10 to 11 mm. ; of wing, 9.5 to 10.5 mm. Three males, one taken at Tamboraque, Peru, about 9,000 feet, April 3, 1910 ; the others taken at Matucana, Peru, about 8,000 feet, August 16, 1913, and May 1, 1914, the last being TD4356 (Townsend). Ground-color clear light yellow. Head with silvery pollen, that of facial plate white, the rest of head with a golden tinge even including front. Frontalia and first two antennal joints rufous, third joint and arista black. Mesoscutum and scutel- lum wholly clear testaceous, silvery poUinose with a faint golden tinge, leaving more or less distinct remnants of seven narrow vittae ; pleurae, coxas, and femora practically the same testaceous shade as mesoscutum; tibiae rather more fulvous, metatarsi rufous, rest of tarsi black. Abdomen broadly light yellow on sides of first three segments, leaving a clear tes- taceous subtriangular marking on second and third segments, that of third segment larger than that of second, a small fleck of the same color on lateral hind angle of second segment, a patch of same color in middle of first segment beneath scutellum, the anal segment entirely the same color extending on hind lateral angles of third; the testaceous portions of abdomen are clothed with the same pollen as that of mesoscu- tum. Venter wholly clear light yellow, except anal segment and narrow hind corners of second and third segments. In some specimens the testaceous of thorax and abdomen is considerably darker, especially on median triangles of abdomen INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 73 and on buttocks spots of anal segment. Wings quite evenly smoky, a whitish oblique area extending from base of discal cell to end of first vein, sometimes invading the base of fourth posterior cell and most of second costal cell, often distinctly tinged with yellow ; extreme base of wing yellowish, a black- ish area immediately next to same. Tegulse yellowish tes- taceous, matching the color of the thorax. Holotype, No. 19422, U. S. Nat. Mus. Two females, measuring 12 to 13 mm., taken with the above male at Tamboraque, resemble same in the darker coloration of abdomen and thorax, and are probably the females of this species. The light patch of the wings is only faintly evident in the female. Vibrissoepalpus, new genus. Genotype, Vibrissoepalpus flavipes Townsend, new specie^. Differs from Vibrissomyia as follows: Female only de- scribed. Vertex one and one-fourth times eye-width. Cheeks about three-fourths eye-height. Two proclinate f ronto-orbitals. No ocellar bristles. Only one row of frontals. No isolated facio-orbitals, but parafacials with a row of rather closely set fine bristles of same strength as those of cheeks. Third antennal joint hardly longer than second, straight on front border, moderately widened, truncate at tip but truncation very slightly oblique. Proboscis below geniculation a little less than head-height. Two strong lateral scutellar bristles, a long hair-like nondecussate apical pair; rest of scutellum with spines, in about four irregular rows, the hindmost row sub- marginal. Abdomen much wider than thorax, rounded short- oval; second segment with median discal patch of spines not quite so wide as scutellar patch, the anterior middle ones shortest; third segment with a smaller median discal patch; second and third segments with marginal row interrupted opposite the discal patches, and with patch of lateral discals; anal segment covered with spines except from margin. Venter with bunches of spinelike macrochaetse. The macrochaetae of abdomen are truly spine-like but not heavily so. Heavy long spines on middle and hind femora and tibiae. Claws hardly 74 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS as long as last tarsal joint. Front tarsi of female widened. Vibrissoepalpus flavipes, new species. Length of body, 13 mm. ; to end of spines, 15 mm. ; of wing, 13 mm. One female, Pachacayo, Peru, about 12,000 feet, on flowers of Vigiiiera sp., March 37, 1913 (Townsend). Whole face and cheeks deep buff-yellow, satiny, with gold pollen ; paraf rontals dark olive, produced by the thin gold pollen over black. Frontalia testaceous-brown ; first two an- tennal joints nearly same shade of brown, third joint black- ish. Occiput brassy pollinose, with brassy beard. Thorax about same as paraf rontals, four dark olive vittae faintly show- ing. Scutellum rufous, thinly silverly pollinose. Abdomen deeper rufous, with faint suggestion of silvery pollen on median line and along incisures. Legs bright fulvorufous, tarsi light lemon-yellow. Wings evenly light smoky, darker at base. Tegulse deeply smoky. Holotype, No. 19433, U. S. Nat. Mus. TD4137. Eumelanepalpus, new genus. Genotype, Eumelanepalpus ruber Townsend, new species. Differs from Melanepalpus as follows: Proboscis beyond geniculation as long as head-height. Second abdominal seg- ment with discal bunch of macrochsetse covering median space from front margin back to marginal row. Hind marginal rows of second and third segments not broken. The last character also distinguishes the genus from Quadrat osoma. The abdomi- nal macrochaetse are quite as in Rhachoepalpus, but the genius differs from latter in absence of ocellar bristles, and in the elongate proboscis. The form of abdomen is quite as in Melanepalpus; and also nearly like that of Rhachoepalpus, but not so widened behind as in females of latter. Eumelanepalpus ruber, new species. Length of body, 13 mm. ; to end of spines, 14.5 mm. ; of wing, 13 mm. One female, Uruhuasi Bridge, Peru, montanya of the Rio San Gaban Canyon, about 6,500 feet, February 3, 1910, on flowers of Baccharis sp. (Townsend). Head dull yellowish, parafrontals black, whole head thinly INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 75 silvery pollinose. Frontalia brownish-rufous. Antennas black- ish. Thorax black, very thinly silvery, median pair of vittae visible only in front. Scutellum wholly rufotestaceous. Ab- domen deep rufous throughout above and below, segments 3 to 4 with median blackish triangle on base. Legs same rufous as abdomen, tarsi black. Wings deeply smoky through- out. Hind scale of tegulse yellow-rufous, with short whitish fringe ; front scale deep blackish-smoky, with long black fringe. Holotype, No. 19424, U. S. Nat. Mus. TD3938. Euquadratosoma, new genus. Genotype, Euquadratosoma rubrum Townsend, new species. Differs from Eumelane palpus as follows : Female only de- scribed. No reclinate inner fronto-orbital immediately inside of the posterior proclinate one. Front at vertex occupying fully one-third head-width. Cheeks fully two-thirds eye- height. Proboscis beyond geniculation about two-thirds head- height. Marginal row of macrochsetas of second segment arcuate in middle, being bulged forward from hind margin on median line. Marginal row of third segment broadly inter- rupted on median line. Buttocks bunches of spines not con- tinuous, well separated, the anal segment more deeply emar- ginate. Joints of all the tarsi rather wide, those of front and middle legs quite noticeably so. Apical cell much more widely open, ending a little nearer to wing tip. Euquadratosoma rubrum, new species. Length of body, 13 mm. ; to end of spines, 14.5 mm. ; of wing, 13.5 mm. One female, Ollachea, Peru, high montanya of the Rio San Gaban Canyon, about 9,500 feet, February 3, 1910, on flowers of an euphorbiaceous shrub (Townsend). Differs in color from description of Bumelane palpus ruber only as follows: Face and cheeks irregularly tinged with rufous or testaceous. Thoracic vittse scarcely distinguish- able. Scutellum narrowly edged with black on base. Abdomen with a broad blackish median vitta, broadest in front, grad- ually attenuate posteriorly. Femora black on basal half or '?6 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS more, coxae largely black. Wings and tegulae practically same. Holotype, No. 19425, U. S. Nat. Mus. Eusaundersiops, new genus. Genotype, Eusaundersiops notata Townsend, new species. Differs from Saundersiops as follows: Two short filiform palpal stubs, without bristlets. Proboscis one and one-half times head-height. Second aristal joint but little longer than wide. Abdominal macrochaetae practically spinelike, median discal patch on second segment but none on third, less than posterior half of anal segment spined. A few submarginal to discal lateral on second and third segments. Venter with spine bunches only on plates 1 and 3. Marginal rows of sec- ond and third segments continuous. A very weak hairlike pro- clinate pair of ocellar bristles. Parafacials and parafrontals thickly clothed with long hair. Eusaundersiops notata, new species. Length of body, 12 mm. ; to end of spines, 13.5 mm. ; of wing, 12.5 mm. Two males, east base of Huascaray Ridge, montanya of western edge of Jaen Province, Peru, about 7,000 feetj September 22, 1911, on foliage (Townsend). Black. Face and cheeks silvery-gray, satiny. Parafrontals blackish, only faintly pollinose. Frontalia brown, showing pol- len-bloom in oblique light. Antennae wholly blackish, articu- lations faintly rufous. Palpi testaceous. Occiput ashy, beard quite gray. Thorax and scutellum shining greenish-black, very thinly dusted with pollen, latter showing mostly in front where the beginning of three narrow median vittae is visible. Abdo- men shining black, segments 1 to 4 broadly dark rufous on sides; segments 2 to 4 with pair of silvery pollinose spots on base, one on each side of median line, the pair on second seg- ment small, those of anal segment extending over rufous lateral border on venter but appearing in certain lights to be inter- rupted by the rufous. Legs black, tibiae tinged with rufous. Wings evenly smoky, darker at extreme base. Hind scale of tegulae pure snow-white, with short white fringe; front scale deeply smoky, with long black fringe. Holotype, No. 19426, U. S. Nat. Mus. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 77 A NEW SIMULIUM FROM TEXAS (Diptera, Simuliidce) By FREDERICK KNAB Among the Diptera recently submitted by the Bureau of Entomology for determination occurred the following un- described species from the vicinity of Dallas, Texas. Simulium mediovittatum, new species. Female: Occiput, frons, and face densely whitish gray pol- linose, with numerous fine but long silvery hairs ; frons broad, above about one-third the width of the head, strongly nar- rowed toward antennae. Antennae rather stout dull ferrugi- nous, tinged with black beyond the second joint and with fine appressed white pubescence. Scutum short, convex, blackish, densely whitish gray pruinose, a median, rather broad, red- dish brown stripe extending from anterior margin to posterior fourth ; a pair of elongate whitish spots at anterior margin on either side of median stripe, indistinct and only visible in some lights; sublaterally a paler, indistinct brownish stripe, broad and nearly straight; vestiture of rather abundant, small and slender, evenly distributed, yellowish silvery hair-scales ; ante- scutellar area triangularly produced into scutellum, strongly impressed each side of middle. Scutellum narrow, compressed, blackish, gray pruinose, concolorous with scutum, clothed with long, yellowish silvery hairs. Postnotum black, gray pruinose. Pleurae gray with silvery luster. Abdomen dorsally yellowish gray marked with black; a median series of large, rounded, deep black spots on segments 2-6, touching bases of segments but pale margined at the sides and behind; laterally these segments are blackish with broad apical pale margins; distal segments gray ; venter gray. Front legs with the coxae brown- ish yellow, the femora blackish, yellowish at base and apex, tibiae dull yellowish basally and with a white reflection, shad- ing to black beyond the middle; tarsi wholly black. Middle legs with the femora dull ferruginous yellow; tibiae similarly colored basally and with a whitish sheen, the distal half black- 'i'8 INSDCUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS ish to near apex; first tarsal joint pale, black at apex, second joint with the basal third pale. Hind legs with the femora mostly blackish, the tibiae whitish to near the middle, black beyond; tarsi with the first joint white basally, black beyond the middle, the second and third joints basally white. Claws simple, slender. Wings hyaline, the venation normal, the coarse veins brownish yellow, the membrane slightly milky, iridescent, but without differentiated iridescent area in the anal field. Halteres pale yellow. Length : Body about 2 mm., wing 2.3 mm. Arlington, Texas, October 28, 1914 (F. C. Bishopp, No. 1938) ; 12 specimens. Type: Cat. No. 19635, U. S. Nat. Mus. Closely related to Simulium griseum Coquillett ; that species differs, among other characters, in the ferruginous scutellum and in the paler legs, the femora and tibiae of the middle pair being wholly yellow, those of the front legs with only the apices tinged with ferruginous. The male of 5. griseum shows dis- tinct broad blackish median and sublateral stripes on the scutum, but in a series of females before me (including the three type specimens from Colorado) the scutum is almost uniformly light gray, without trace of median pigmented stripe and only a median impressed line ; only one specimen shows a faintly darker median stripe; there are broad whitish lateral margins, absent in mediovittatum ; the two white spots on the anterior margin of the scutum are larger and more distinct in griseum. Simulium mediovittatum shows considerable variation in the thoracic coloration. The ground-color of the scutum varies from a very pale gray to a darker gray with distinct bluish or greenish blue cast. The median stripe varies from reddish brown through deep brown to black, and is rather broad, although slightly variable in width. The sublateral stripes are obsolete in the darker specimens and in some lights the extreme lateral margins show broadly dark ; the whitish anterior spots are also obsolete in the darker specimens. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 79 NEW AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA CHIEFLY FROM MEXICO By HARRISON G. DYAR Family AMATID^ (Syntomidae) Phoenicoprocta vacillans Walker. Eunomia vacillans Walker, Cat. Lep. Brit. Mus., vii, 1617, 1856. S Phoenicoprocta metachrysea Druce, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), i, 404, 1898. <^ Phoenicoprocta chrysorrhoea Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. Brit. Mus., i, 196, 1898. c? Leucotmensis thoracica Schaus, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxix, 186, 1905. 9 Leucotmensis albigutta Schaus, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxix, 185. 1905. 9 The above synonymy appears from a remarkably variable series bred from larvae by Mr. H. W. B. Moore in British Guiana. Phoenicoprocta lydia Druce. Dycladia lydia Druce, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), iv, 84, 1889. S- Dycladia thera Druce, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), iv, 85, 1889. e Dycladia demona Druce, Biol. Cent.-Am., Lep. Het., ii, 347, pi. 71, fig. 29, 1897. 9 I have no doubt of the correctness of this synonymy, judg- ing from analogy with P. vacillans, quoted above. Family SATURNIID^ Hylesia euphemia Dyar. Mr. W. Gugelmann reports that the larvae of this species live in colonies in a common nest, but that they separate before spinning, forming their cocoons separately in angles of branches, among leaves, etc. He finds them on Psidium pomi- ferum. Hylesia coinopus Dyar. Mr. Gugelmann finds this species in colonies of 40 to 50, and they all form their cocoons within the communal nest. Also on Psidiutn. (G. E. Ouinter) ; male and female in copula, Cropley, Mary- land, May 1, 1904 (F. Knab) ; and one male, St. Louis, Mis- souri, May 1, 1904 (W. V. Wanier). Female. Whole head silvery burnished, with faint shade of golden, especially noticeable on parafrontals. Frontalia brown, but covered with the golden pollen. Antennae rufous, third joint largely blackish. Palpi fulvorufous. Beard brassy-gray. Thorax and scutellum pollinose, two narrow vittje and two wider outer ones ; scutellum rufotestaceous apically. Abdomen thinly silvery above except the very densely pollinose narrow bases of second and third segments and whole of fourth. Venter thinly pollinose. In oblique lights the thin pollen ap- pears thicker. Legs black, femora silvery on outside. Wings clear, tegulae tawny-white. TWO NEW CRANE-FLIES FROM PORTO RICO^ (Tipulldic, Diptcra) By CHAR1.es p. AIvEXANDER, Ithaca, N. Y. The following insects are included in the collection of the United States National Museum and were kindly handed to me for identification by Mr. Frederick Knab, the custodian of the Diptera. These new forms may be characterized as follows : Eriocera ocellifera, new species. Antenna; pale ; head dark ; body orange, the tip of the abdo- men black ; wings light yellow with a rather sparse brown pat- tern including an ocellate mark having the origin of the radial sector as its center. Male. Length, 10.5 mm.; wing, 9.8 mm. Rostrum and palpi light brown, the latter a little more yel- lowish. Antennae short, the scapal segments dark brown, the first flagellar segment pale dull yellow, a little darker at the 'Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory of Cornell Uni- versity. INSECUTOR INSCIT1.-E MENSTRUUS 105 base ; the second flagellar segment dull yellow, the remainder of the flagellum sparsely hairy. Frontal tubercle broad and low. Head dark brown with a sparse grayish bloom on the occiput and sides of the vertex. Thorax clear light orange without stripes or darkening of any kind. Halteres short, the stem pale yellow, the knob dark brown. Legs with the coxje and trochanters bright orange, concolorous with the pleura ; femora dull yellow, the apex nar- rowly dark brown ; tibiae and tarsi blacl:, the claws yellow. Wings with a light yellow suffusion, the costal cell dark brown : a brown ocellate mark around the base of the radial sector ; a semilunar mark across the basal cells midway between the arculus and the origin of the sector, the concavity toward the wing-base ; an interrupted band along the cord ; stigma large, subquadrate, brown; the wing-apex narrowly margined v,nta brown ; the apical cells of the wings with pale grayish brown clouds in the neighborhood of the crossveins and deflections of veins ; the anal and cubital cells slightly grayish. Venation : Cell Ml absent ; crossveivi r inserted on R„ at a distance beyond the fork of R^ -f 3 about equal to one and one-half of r; cell 1st .Mo large, the basal deflection of Cu^ inserted before the mid- dle of the cell. Abdomen bright orange, darkening toward the apex, on seg- ments 8 and 9 shiny black. Holotype, male, Mayaguez, Porto Rico, December 4, 1913 (R. H. Van Zwaluwenburg). Type, Cat. No. 19660, U. S. Nat. Mus. The only species with which B. ocellifera v/ill be confused is Briocera trifasciata Roder,' likewise from Porto Rico. The two flies may be separated by means of the following key : 1. Wings with three bands, the first at the wing-root, the second at the origin of the radial sector extending across the wing and connected with the basal band in the anal cells; wing-apex largely dark, the cells /?3, Rs, Ml and Ms grayish hyaline at their middle; thorax yellowish with a grayish blue bloom especially on the pleura and coxae, abdomen with blackish liands on the anterior margins of the segments, the incisures yellowish trifasciata Roder ^Roder, V. von. Dipteren von der Insel Portnrico; Stott. entninoi. Zeit.. voL -}6, p. ;i3S, lS8ij. 106 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ ME'NSTRUUS Wings with an interrupted brown pattern which is ocelli form at the base of the sector; thorax orange, unmarked; abdomen without blackish bands on the anterior margins of the segments, ocellifera, new species Polymera geniculata, new species. Size medium ; flagellar segments of the male antennae bino- dose ; wings with cell M^ present ; tarsi uniformly brown^ similar in color to the rest of the legs ; thoracic pleura without a distinct stripe. Male. Length, about 4 mm. ; wing, 4.8 mm. ; antennae, about 7-8 mm. Rostrum and palpi light yellowish brown, the latter more infuscated. Antennze very long and slender, at least half again as long as the body, the flagellar segments with the long outstretched hairs as usual in the males of this genus ; flagellar segments binodose ; first segment dark brown, second segment conspicuously light yellow ; third segment dark brown, light yellow at the extreme base only ; remainder of the flagellum dark brownish black, the tips of segments 4 to 8 very indis- tinctly yellowish, this color becoming obsolete on the apical segments. Head dark gray. Eyes dull silvery gray, the om- matidia large. Thoracic dorsum dull light yellowish brown without mark- ings. Pleura similar in color with a broad indistinct sufifusion of brownish on the mesopleura, this not being in the form of a stripe. Halteres pale. Legs with the coxae and trochant- ers pale, whitish ; femora pale brown, darkened toward the apex, quite broadly and distinctly tipped with yellowish; tibiae brown with the extreme base pale ; tarsi dark brown, the pos- terior tarsi of a slightly lighter shade of brown. Wings sub- hyaline with a very slight grayish suffusion ; veins dark brown, the costa more yellowish. Venation : Crossvein r far out toward the tip of R-^ so that it is about one-half of that portion of i?i beyond it; basal deflection of i?4 4-5 slightly arcuated, a little longer than the crossvein r-m; basal deflection of Cmj just beyond the fork of M ; fork of Mj -f 2 shallow. Abdomen dark brown, the lateral margin still darker, black- ish ; hypopygium dusky yellow including the pleurites which are elongated and darkened on their outer half. INSECUTOR INSCITly-E MENSTRUUS 107 Holotype, male, Carolina, Porto Rico, altitude 100 feet. Crab-holes in under rocks, September 11, 1914. Through Dr. C. S. Ludlow. Type, No. 19G61, U. vS. Nat. Mus. This interesting fly agrees most closely with P. grisea Alex- ander^ . from Panama from which it differs in the venation, the lack of a distinct narrow pleural stripe, and in having the scapal segments of the antennae quite distinct in color ; the color of the posterior legs of grisea is still unknown. P. ptd- chricornis Alexander- from British Guiana is likewise allied to geniculata in the uniform brown tarsi but differs in the possession of a broad pleural stripe, the darker wings with the radial crossvein set far back from the tip of R-^^, etc. NEW NORTH AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA By J. C. CRAWFORD Superfamily CHALCIDOIDEA Halticoptera goodi, new species. Female. Length about 3.5 mm. Bright green, head and thorax coarsely reticulated, the reticulations coarsest in middle of mesonotum and becoming finer laterad ; those on outer margins of parapsidal areas and axillae finest ; antennae dark brown, scape metallic; clypeus with two blunt teeth near mid- dle, pedicel slightly longer than first joint of funicle ; scutellum near apex with a rather indistinct transverse furrow, the sculp- ture running across furrow ; propodeum with a strong median and lateral carinse and basad with a few short longitudinal rugae ; pitted between the rugae ; rest of propodeum between lateral carinae finely indistinctly reticulated; coxae green, fe- mora, except apices, dark brown with a greenish tinge; tibiae testaceous, medially slightly tinged with reddish ; tarsi red- dish-testaceous ; abdomen short, ovate, first segment occupy- ing about half the abdomen, incised at apex medially. Male. Length about 3.4 mm. Similar to the female ; basal 'Alexander, C. P. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 44, p. 535, 1913. ^Alexander, C. P. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vol. 40, p. 251, 1914, 108 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS b.alf of scape yellow, rest of anteniice reddish-testaceous; legs, except coxaj, yellow ; mandibles, except apices, yellow. Habitat: Smith's Cove, Nova Scotia. Type, Cat. No. 19761, U. S. Nat. Mus. Described from two of each sex received from Mr. C. A. Good, the two males with the date July 31, 1915, the type female August 7, 1915, the paratype female August 11, 1915. Superfamily APOIDEA Ccslioxys cockerelli, new species. C. altcrnata, Cwfd. not Say, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer , vii, l48, 149, 1914. Female. Distinguished by the characters given in the table cited above, to which may be added that it closely resembles C. hunteri Cvv^fd. especially in the shape of the last dorsal and ventral segments, but it is less closely punctured, especially on the abdomen, and the next to last ventral on the apical half is sparsely finely punctured (densely so in hunteri) ; impunctate areas along inner margins of eyes and around ocelli are less swollen and distinct. Described from one female labeled ''Colo. 1463," collection C. F. Baker. Type, Cat. No. 199G3, U. S. Nat. Mus. Named after Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell in recognition of the valuable work done by him on the North American Apoidea. Perdita bruneri Ckll. P. bruneri Ckll. male not female, Ent. News, viii, 23, 1897. P. cockerelli Cwfd. male and female, Can. Ent., xxxviii, 383, 1906, Professor Cockerell has recently presented the types of about 80 species of bees to the National Museum, among them the types of this species, and I am able to establish the above synonymy. In describing this species he has incorrectly associated the sexes and called both "type." I herewith select the male as the type of the species since it has place priority. The error in later determinations came about through my sending only females to Professor Cockerell for naming and having the INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 109 female, which did not belong to this species, called hnineri. Later when I had both sexes of the two species involved I de- scribed the second one, so that what I formerly called hruneri is still without a name. Perdita swenki, new species, P. hruneri authors, not of Ckll. P. bruneri Ckll., female not male. Male. Similar to hruneri male, but smaller, the yellow on base extending- some distance above insertion of antennae; hind femora brown with a yellow stripe above ; hind tibia brown, the base yellow. Length about 5 to 5^ mm. Female. Similar to hruneri female, but smaller, supraclypeal mark present, complete or at most slightly notched above, lab rum entirely yellow, apical margin of clypeus light, abdomi- nal markings whiter, separated medially by only a narrow space. Length about 6^ to 7 mm. Type locality : West Point, Nebraska. Type, Cat. No. 19964, U. S. Nat. Mus. Described from three pairs taken in copula, the type pair and one paratype pair taken September 11, 1901, on Solidago rigida; the other paratype pair taken September 6, 1913; all collected by the author. NEW CERATOPOGONIN^ FROM PERU (Diptera, Chironomidce) By FREDERICK KNAB The following species are described in order that their names may be available in a forthcoming paper by Dr. C. H. T. Townsend on the transmission of "uta," a little known disease peculiar to certain parts of Peru. While ordinarily the de- scribing of isolated species in a difficult group would be undesirable, their special interest in this case compels it. Furthermore, the species are well marked and will be recogniz- able without difficulty. Forcipomyia utae, new species. Female. Occiput black, with a few long, coarse, pale yel- low hairs. Antennas yellow-brown, darker distally. Palpi 110 J.NSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS blackish. Mesonotum rather dark brown, on the disk dusted with gray and with three indistinct brown longitudinal lines ; humeri and lateral margins creamy yellow ; scutellum brown ; vestiture of rather sparse, long, pale yellow hairs; pleurae blackish, some of the sutures broadly pale margined ; postnotum black. Abdomen elongate, depressed, nearly straight-sided, the fifth, sixth, and seventh segments distally broadened; color dull black, with narrow whitish bands at the bases of the segments ; vestiture of short pale hairs and scattered long whitish hairs laterally and distally. Wings smoky gray, clothed with dark brown hairs, the extreme base and a small spot on the costa before apex of first vein whitish ; costa clothed with dense black hairs to wing-tip ; first vein ending in the costa slightly before middle of wing. Halteres dull black. Coxae yellowish ; legs yellowish, the anterior pair without pro- nounced infuscations and with the first tarsal joint about two- fifths the length of the second; middle and hind legs with the apices of the femora and the bases of the tibiae broadly black- ened; hind tarsi with the first joint hardly more than half as long as the second; all the tarsi somewhat infuscated; all the legs clothed rather densely with short and moderately long pale hairs, some very long scattered ones on the tibiae and hind tarsi. Claws long and slender. Length : Body about 2 mm., wing 2 mm. Male. Differs from the female in the usual sexual char- acters. The mesonotum shows a more pronounced pruinose median zone, bounded by more distinct dark stripes at lateral thirds ; hairs shorter and finer. Scutellum with a fringelike row of very long pale yellowish hairs. Abdomen long, narrow, the second, third, and fourth segments with very broad whitish apical bands, the succeeding segments wholly black. Legs longer and more slender than in the female and with much more numerous very long hairs, almost forming a fringe on the hind tibiae. Wings much narrower than in the female. Length : Body about 2.5 mm., wing 2 mm. Matucana, Peru, 1 female, 1 male, April 22, 1914 (C. H. T. Townsend) . Type, Cat. No. 19955, U. S. Nat. Mus. INSECUTOR INSCITL55 MENSTRUUS 111 Forcipom5da townsendi, new species. Female. Occiput black, clothed with fine, rather short, yellow hairs. Antennae rather short and stout, brown basally, blackish distally. Palpi black. Mesonotum dark reddish brown, dusted with dull brown, the humeri and lateral margins pale yellowish ; vestiture of long, coarse, shining yellow hairs. Scutellum broadly margined with pale yellow and with very long brown marginal hairs. Pleuree light brown, pale at the sutures and broadly so beneath roots of wings. Postnotum blackish. Abdomen moderately long, broad, strongly de- pressed, tapered at tip, wholly black, subshining; dorsal ves- titure inconspicuous, lateral hairs, coarse and long, brown with golden lustre, the distal ones still longer. Wings broad, gray, whitish at extreme base, the surface clothed with rather long blackish hairs, a series of six opaque white bare spots on the margin, two large ones on the costal margin, the others smaller and less distinct, one each between veins 2 and 3, 3 and 4, 4: and 5, and between the forks of the fifth vein; the first costal spot is largest, is situated just beyond the end of the first vein and extends inward to the second vein ; the second costal spot is at the tip of the second vein ; the costal region, except where interrupted by these spots, is broad- ly darkened and much more heavily haired. Halteres with large white knobs. Coxae pale ; legs yellowish brown, the hind femora infuscated distally; hind tarsi with the first joint about two-thirds the length of the second ; femora, tibiae, and tarsi, especially the hind ones, with many very long brown hairs. Claws long and slender. Length: Body about 1.5 mm., wing ; .8 mm. Matucana, Peru, 1 female, April 32, 1914 (C. H. T. Towns- end). Type, Cat. No. 19956, U. S. Nat. Mus. This species shows a striking departure from the prevalent generic type in the pigment spots of the wing membrane. It gives me pleasure to dedicate this handsome species to Dr. Townsend, whose work in Peru has been fruitful of so many interesting results. 112 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS NOTES ON THE SPECIES OF CULEX OF THE BAHAMAS By HARRISON G. DYAR and FREDERICK KNAB Dr. Dyar visited the Island of New Providence in the Bahamas for his health early in 1915. A few observations that he was able to make seem worthy of record. The two species of mosquitoes commonly associated with man in the tropics, Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes calopus Meigen^ were abundant and troublesome. They bred together in artificial receptacles, such as rain-barrels and tubs and other collections of water, but not in any of the cisterns or wells. They were found only in the towns. With them was a psychodid, Psychoda alb {punctata Will., its black larvae occurring associated in nearly every culture. Outside of the towns, in holes in coral rock containing water, three species of Culex were found breeding: Culex similis Theobald. The larvse occurred in every pool, including wells in rock, drainage ditches from the road, and puddles in mud in a man- grove swamp, all, however, permanent water in an essentially natural condition. Females came to bite in the immediate vicinity of the pools, but were not taken in town. This species and C. quinquefasciatus did not occur in the same water in any instance under observation, as has elsewhere been ob- served to be the case (See Howard, Dyar and Knab, Mosq. No. and Centr. Amer. and W. Ind., iii, p. 342, 1915), nor was the water in any case foul, but frequently perfectly clear and cold. It would appear that C. similis prefers such clear nat- ural pools and is only forced into foul water and an association with C. quinquefasciatus by scarcity of its preferred breeding places. Culex aseyehae, new species. Female. Proboscis moderately long, nearly uniform, brown- ish black scaled throughout. Palpi short, black scaled. Occi- put black, clothed with rather sparse, narrow curved, creamy yellow scales, denser along median line, and two patches of INSECUTOR INSCITI.^ M^NSTRUUS 113 Upright forked black scales ; ocular margins and cheeks clothed with broad white scales. Mesonotum dark brown, clothed with rather coarse, narrow curved, shining yellowish brown scales, much paler ones along margins and about antescutellar bare space ; bristles rather sparse, long and black. Scutellum clothed with fine pale scales ; median lobe with six or seven long brown bristles, the lateral lobes with four bristles. Postnotum luteous brown. Pleurae pale brownish luteous, with patches of broad white scales. Abdomen depressed, blunt at tip ; dorsal vesti- ture of dull black scales, each segment with a broad, creamy white basal band becoming narrower toward the sides ; large triangular white patches laterally at bases of segments, not visible from above ; venter entirely soiled white scaled. Wings hyaline, moderately broad ; fork of second vein nearly twice as long as its stem ; scales along the veins blackish, the out- standing ones linear; third and fifth veins with dense, rather broad, truncate appressed scales which give these veins a dis- tinctly blacker appearance. Halteres pale, with blackened knobs. Legs rather long and slender, black scaled, the tarsi unhanded ; front femora with a broad white line along the whole length on outer side. Claws simple. Length : Body about 3 mm., wing 3.3 mm., Male. Proboscis straight, slightly enlarged toward apex, black scaled. Palpi exceeding the proboscis by nearly the length of the last joint, black scaled ; end of long joint and last two joints slightly thickened and bearing many rather long black hairs; last two joints subequal and with some pale scales at base. Antennae loosely plumose, the shortened joints slender and longer than usual ; hairs of whorls blackish. Abdomen long, depressed, rather narrow, slightly broadened beyond middle ; dorsal white bands broad, transverse, occupying nearly the basal halves of the segments. Wings narrower than in the female ; second vein with the fork and stalk subequal in length. Claws unequal; formula: 1.1-1.1-0.0. Length: Body about 3.5 mm., wing 3 mm. Type: Cat. No. 19978, U. S. Nat. Mus. The larvae occurred rarely in rock pools associated with the 114 INSKCUTOR INSCITI/E MENSTRUUS two species here discussed. They were not found in the deep rock pools nor in the mangrove swamp. The female, unfortunatel}' represented by but a single speci- men, presents a characteristic appearance in the abdominal banding, all the bands being nearly equally developed, broad and medianly produced. The peculiar scaling of the wing- veins will facilitate the recognition of this species. Culex sphinx Howard, Dyar and Knab. Larva : Head large, broad, rounded ; antennae large and prominent, rather slender, with a long hair-tuft at apical third, the part beyond attenuated and infuscated, the basal two- thirds spinose, three long bristles and a long spine apically; dorsal head-tufts four-haired. Skin of body nearly smooth, on thorax finely spinulose ; lateral hairs of abdomen in twos on segments 3 to 6. Lateral comb of eighth segment of many small scales in a large patch. Air-tube rather stout, subfusi- form, about six times as long as width at base; pecten of 17 to 20 rather long teeth, occupying basal two-fifths of tube; three pairs of long tufts composed of two or three hairs, the basal one just beyond end of pecten, the intermediate one near middle of tube and out of line. Anal segment slightly longer than broad, ringed by the plate ; lateral hair single ; ventral brush well developed ; and gills four, leaf-like, shorter than the segment, subequal. The larvae occur in rock pools associated with the two pre- ceding species. They are very different from those of Culex territans, with which this species was identified by the late D. W. Coquillett (see Coffin, in Shattuck, The Bahama Is- lands, 1905, p. 288). In the present species the breathing tube is rather stout and convex, while in the other it is slender and somewhat concave on the distal half ; furthermore, in that species the dorsal head-hairs are normally single or double, while the tracheae are very slender, these latter being broad in sphinx. Culex bahamensis Dyar and Knab. This species is known only from the peculiar larvae. Dr. Dyar was not fortunate enough to rediscover them. The habits INSECUTOR INSCITI.^ M^NSTRUUS 115 and the exact habitat of the original specimens remain un- known. Culex species. Dr. Dyar found some little larvae allied to C. reductor D. and K. and C. floridanus D. and K., but was not able to rear them. They occurred in a fresh-water swamp on coral rock. SYNONYMICAL NOTES ON MUSCOIDEA By CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND The following notes are offered at this time as a matter of record and for the purpose of aiding in the elucidation and synonymy of the various forms. Parahengalia Roubaud, 1913, Bull. Sc. Fr. and Belg., XLVII, 114 equals Ochromyia Mcq. (1835). Has same genotype. Calliphora R. D., 1830, Myod., 433-4 equals Musca L. (1758). Vide Townsend, Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., V, 433-4. Genotypes strictly congeneric. Trichocalliphora Townsend, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXVIII, 20 equals NeopollEnia Brauer, 1899, Sitz. M.-N. CI. Akad. Wiss., CVII, 496. Brauer (ibid. 524) confirms Schiner's belief (Novara Dipt. 309) that Calliphora villosa R. D., type of Trichocalliphora, equals Musca stygia Fab., t3'-pe of Neopol- lenia, recorded from Newfoundland apparently in error for New Holland. Compsomyia Rdi., 1875, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Genova, VIII, 425 equals Chrysomya R. D. (1830). Vide Townsend, Tour. Wash. Acad. Sci., V, No. 20. The genotypes are ap- parently strictly congeneric. Opsophasiops Townsend, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXVIII, 22 equals Palpostoma R. D., 1830, Myod. 429. Myiophasia flava Coq., 1900, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. for 1900, 390 equals Palpostoma testacea R. D. (1. c). A most re- markable character is present in this form, being nothing less than a supplementary pair of palpi developed on and articulated with the labella. This character was pointed out by Desvoidy in 1830 (1. c). It is unique, so far as known. 116 INSECUTOR INSCITI^T5 MENSTRUUS Buaraba Townsend, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXVIII, 20 equals Araba R. D. (1S30). Coquillett (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXXVII, 509) cites designation of R. D. for Argyria R. D. (Posth., II, 83) as applying to Araba R. D., under which ruling the latter genus would become a synonym of Metopia Meigen (1803). It was to fill the place which would be left vacant by the deposition of Araba that Buaraba was erected. Coquillett's ruling, however, can not hold, and B. B.'s designa- tion of fastuosa Meig. as type of Araba must be accepted (Muse. Schiz., II, 359; III, 168). Since tergata Coq., type of Buaraba, appears to be strictly congeneric with fastuosa Mg., the above synonymy results. Neophyto nocturnalis Walton, 1915, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., XVII, 162 equals Nkophyto anomala Townsend (1908). The wing-veins are normally deeply colored, and may be narrowly edged with smoky, especially in the female. Neophorichccta johnsoni PI. E. Smith, June, 1915, Psyche, XXII, 100 equals Tricogena setipennis Coq., 1897, Rev. Tach., 130, which is type of Eutricogena Townsend, February, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXVIII, 23. Laccoprosopa Townsend, 1891, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, XVIII, 365 equals Brachicoma Rdi. (1856). Genotypes strictly congeneric. Sarcotachinella Townsend, 1892, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, XIX, 110-11. Dr. J. M. Aldrich has called my attention (in litt. Sept. 16, 1915) to this form and states : "I have examined your type of Sarcotachinella intermedia and spread its genitalia. It is nothing but the European Sarcophaga sinuata Mg." In reply to my query as to probable differences in male genitalia of sinuata and carnaria, Dr. Aldrich writes (in litt. Sept. 30, 1915) : "Sarcophaga carnaria and sinuata are closely allied in most respects, differing most obviously in that the former has four, the latter three, postsutural dorsocentrals, and sinuata also has generally a very distinct patch of yellow tomentum on the front side of the middle femur near apex in both sexes (which, however, is bleached and rather pale in your type of Sarcotachi- nella). I do not think there is any generic difference between them." The genus may rest on the known characters, however, inse;cutor insciti^ menstruus 117 until its status can be definitely determined. It would appear to mark a good division of the old genus Sarcophaga. Carcinomyia Townsend, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXYIII, 21 equals Cynomya R. D. (1830). This genus was founded on the male forceps being nearly as long as middle femora, the second hypopygial segment greatly enlarged and elongated, and the very marked hairiness of tlie body ; male Cynomya cadaverina R. D., in absence of male mortuorum, being taken for comparison as typical of Cynomya. Dr. Aid- rich advises' me (in litt. Sept. 30, 1915) : "I find that Hough was in error when he stated that the terminal chitinous hooks in hirta are much smaller than in mortuorum ; they are of ap- proximately the same size and shape. The other characters exist as stated, (1) hairiness in the male, (2) slight chjetotactic characters in the female, but are purely specific in my opinion." 1 agree with Dr. Aldrich on this point, after examining male mortuorum sent me by him. Moreover, mortuorum shares with hirta the hairy character of the male, which is merely less developed in the former than in the latter. The differences between hirta and cadaverina exist, neverthe- less, as I saw them, and mark two valid groups. It only re- mains to name the cadaverina group, which is truly intermediate between Cynomya and Musca. I agree with Hough that Cyno- mya and its close relatives belong with Musca (Calliphora). Male reproductive-system characters prove this, the vasa de- ferentia being short and moderately slender in Musca (TD- 4338) and the cadaverina group (TD41:97), but long and microscopically slender on basal half or more in Sarcophaga and relatives (TD4190, 4482, 4503, 4527). The characters of the four genera of the Cynomya-Musca group are given below. Musca L. — Hind tegulse hairy in both sexes. Front femora not swollen in either sex. Male with legs and body not long- hairy ; second hypopygial segment extremely short, not longer than first or but little longer, hypopygium small ; forceps elongate, but not enlarged. Abdomen broadly rounded anally in both sexes. 118 INSECUTOR INSClTL^i MENSTRUUS Cynomyopsis, new genus. Genotype, Cyfioinya cadaverina R. D., 1830, Myod., 365, Hind tegulae hairy in both sexes. Front femora swollen in both sexes in the genotype, but only in the male in certain closely allied species. Abdomen subpointed anally in both sexes, usu- ally more so in the male. Male with legs and body not long- hairy, the femora without thick hair-brushes, femora and tibial not bowed ; second hypopygial segment short, not over ivncQ. the first, hypopygium prominent and conspicuous ; forceps elongate and enlarged. To this genus must be referred Calliphora texensis Town- send, C. popoffana Townsend, and Cynomya elongata Hough, all of which liave the front femora swollen in male but not in female. Cynomya R. D. — Hind tegula:^ hairy in both sexes. Front femora slightly swollen in female, considerably so in male. Male with legs and body long-hairy, femora with hair-brushes but tibi?e without, none of femora or tibiae bowed, hind and middle femora a little swollen ; second hypopygial segment much enlarged and elongated, normally nearly or quite three-fourths the length of middle femora, the hypopygium thus being especially massive and conspicuously developed ; forceps ex- tremely elongate and heavy, nearly as long as middle femora. Peckia R. D. — Hind teguhe bare in both sexes. Femora of female hardly swollen. Male femora greatly swollen, the hind pair especially so ; hind tibiae and hind femora strongly bowed, front metatarsi more or less bowed ; both femora and tibiae with thick hair-brushes ; second hypopygial segment short. Phrissopodia Mcq. has same genotype and is thus a synonym. This genus belongs with Cynomya in the Muscidse (Cal- liphoridae). The frontal and facial characters show this re- lationship conclusively. The following Sarcophagid form is here defined to distinguish it from Peckia, with which it has been confused : Paraphrissopoda, new genus. Genotype, Peckia lamanensis R. D., 1830, Myod., 335-6. Hind tegulse bare in both sexes. Male with all femora swollen. INSECUTOR INSCITIiE) MENSTRUUS 119 but front pair more swollen than hind pair ; hjnd femora and tibiae slightly arcuate ; hair-brushes of middle and hind tibiae extremely long; first and second hypopygial segments about equal in length, both rather elongate. The generic name has been on labels in the U. vS. Nat. Mus. collection for many years, and is adopted as very appropriate. Tricharcca Thomson, 1868, Dipt. Eug. Resa, 541. To this genus belongs Dexia albicans Walker, 1858, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., n. s., IV, 204, Amazon valley. Austen has examined the type and indicated it as Gen. Nov. afif. Sarcophaga, over- looking Thomson's description (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, XIX, 344). Walker's species appears to be distinct from Thomson's T. scatophagina, Rio Janeiro. OxYNOPS serratus Townsend, 1912, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XX, 110-11 equals Hypostena nitkns Coq., 1897, Rev. Tach. 63. External characters are given in a forthcoming paper. Schisotachina zntincrvis Thompson, 1911, Can. Ent., XIJII, 268. It is extremely doubtful that this is distinct from S. convccta Wlk. There is absolutely no constant structural dif- ference outside of the obliteration of the fourth vein. Males of convccta with entire fourth vein show third aristal joint no longer than second, and in one case it is shorter; also the facialia are ciliate only on lower fourth in some specimens with complete fourth vein. Some specimens, as noted by Thompson (ibid., 271), show the apical crossvein much fainter than the rest of the veins, indicating a stage in process of obliteration. Dichcetoneiira Johnson, 1907, Psyche, XIV, 9 equals Phyto- MYPTERA Rdi. (1845). Genotypes congeneric. Biicordylidcxia Townsend, 1915, Insec. Inscit. Menstr., Ill, 41. To this genus evidently belongs Cordyligaster tipuliformis Walker, 1858, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., n. s., IV, 205-6, So. America. It is a striking fact that Walker noticed the atrophied tegulse in this form, as witness his statement "alulse whitish, ver}^ small (alulis albidis minimis)," which should vindicate him from the charge of careless observation. The color description given by Walker indicates either a distinct species or a very pale and immature specimen of B. ategulata Townsend. One of the Guatemalan specimens mentioned in 120 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS the description of the latter was taken at Giialan, by W. P. Cockerell, who has pubHshed a vividly interesting account of her visits to that semidesert region (Can. Ent., XLIV, 277-81). Zygobothria Mik (B. B.) equals Schaumia R. D. (1863). Genotypes apparently strictly congeneric. Atropharista Townsend, 1892, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, XIX, 92. In addition to the antennal and macrochsetal characters, this form lacks the "short erect abundant black pile" of ab- domen and thinner pile of mesoscutum described by Williston for male of Melanophrys (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, XIII, 306). Dejeania plumitarsis Wulp, 1888, Biol. C.-A. Dipt., II, 10, pi. 1, fT. 5a, 5b equals Dejeania corpulEnta Wd., Mcq., Sch., B. B. (non Wulp) equals Echinotachina Townsend, 1913, Psyche, XX, 104-5. The revised characters are as follows: Third antennal' joint much enlarged apically (R. D. calls at- tention to this character as being of generic value — Posth., I, 655) ; female front tarsi widened; male front tarsi with row of long black hairs on inside of joints 2 to 4; anal segment of male with long black bristly hairs extending beyond the rufous pile and black spines. Dejeania corpidenta Wulp (non Wied. et al.), 1888, Biol. C.-A. Dipt., II, 9-10, pi. 1, f. 4 equals Dejeania vExatrix O.-S. equals TrichodEJEania Townsend, 1913, Psyche, XX, 104-5. Characters are : Third antennal joint not enlarged at tip, convex on upper edge ; female front tarsi not widened ; male front tarsi without inside row of long hairs, and anal segment with- out the longer bristles. Chcetotachina B. B., 1889, Muse. Schiz., I, 98 equals Eribea R. D. (1863). Has same genotype. Neothelaira dexina Townsend, 1912, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XX, 109-10 equals Masicera auriFrons Coq., 1897, Rev. Tach. 115. External adult characters will appear in forthcoming paper. Coquillettina Walton, 1915, Proc Ent. Soc. Wash., XVII, 104, stands solely on the character of the obliterated apical crossvein, and evidently equals Euacemyia Townsend, 1912, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., XIV, 163-4. It is doubtful if the obliteration of fourth vein carries specific value (vide Schiso- INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 121 tachina vitinervis above), much less generic. The forms agree closely in all other structural characters. The second aristal joint is no longer than wide in any of the specimens including the tibialis holotype, and a suggestion of the indentation of tip of third antennal joint occurs in both sexes of tibialis. A specimen from Colorado with obliterated fourth vein is other- wise absolutely identical structurally with the tibialis series in the U. S. Nat. Mus. collection. EuzENiLLiA aurea Townsend, 1912, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XX, 111-12 equals Hypostena variabiIvIS Coq., 1895, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, III, 57. External adult characters to appear in forthcoming paper. Clytia atra R. D., 1830, Myod., 288. Coquillett (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXXVII, 572) has indicated this as one of the Myiophasia group. This is highly improbable, since Desvoidy defines his genus Clytia on preceding page as having front broad in both sexes and records his specimen as male in description of atra, whose form he characterizes as cylindrical. Desvoidy cannot be considered as having mistaken a myio- phasiine female for the male in this case, since the female can not be described as cylindrical ; and the male in all of the Myiophasia group has the eyes nearly contiguous. More- over, it is practically inconceivable that Desvoidy should have referred a myiophasiine fly to his genus Clytia. The cylindrical form, broad male front, and shining metallic coloring strongly suggest Lydina (Polidea Mcq., Somoleja Rdi., B. B.), but the shorter antennae preclude this reference. Polistomyia Townsend, 1908, Tax. Muse. Flies, 132-3. In 1913 (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XXI, 147-8) I accepted Coquil- lett's designation of Thereva plumipes Fab. as type of Trichiopoda Latr. (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXXVII, 616). It appears, however, that the type selections made by Brauer and Bergenstamm in their classical work, "Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria schizometopa (exclusive An- thomyidae)" (Parts I to IV, Wien, 1889-1894), must hold as valid designations, provided only that the selected species are among those originally included in each case, and that no 122 INSECUTOR INSClTIy© M^NSTRUUS valid previous designation exists. The authors of this work state on page 5 of their introduction in part I : "In Betreff der Gatt'ungsnamen war fijr uns massgebend, jenen Namen zu be- lassen, welcher der altesten Art einer Gattung als Type zu- kommt."^ This statement clearly announces their intention and practice to cite type species for their generic concepts. In order to interpret the motif of this statement, we must under- stand the authors' conceptions of genera and genotype fixation. They were that the earliest described species currently and by common usage referred to a given genus, and necessarily agree- ing with it in general characters, must stand as the genotype and carry with it the generic name applied to it, regardless of considerations of priority. In other words, their concept of a genus took the name that went with the oldest species in- cluded in that concept, which automatically became the type, regardless of priority in generic names. Thus they meant to maintain the proper genotypes of the genera defined by them, and they did maintain and cite what they considered as such. When their action does not conflict with established procedure, as above noted, their citations appear to be valid designations under the International Code regulations. In 1889-1893 (I, 147; III, 67) these authors designated Thereva lanipes Fab. as type of Trichiopoda Latr. The sec- ond reference is to be interpreted by the first. This is the logical genotype, since it embodies the prevalent sense of the genus, while plumipes does not. Polistomyia thus stands with Trichiopoda trifasciata Loew as type, which species appears to be congeneric with plumipes Fab. Galactomyia Townsend, 1908, Tax. Muse. Flies, 135-6 equals Trichiopoda Latr. (1829), since its genotype, radiata Loew, is quite clearly congeneric with lanipes Fab. "'With regard to generic names, it was incumbent upon us to retain that name which falls to the oldest species of a genus as type." INSi;CUTOR INSCITI^ M^NSTRUUS 123 THE BEE GENUS HOLCOPASITES ASHMEAD By J. C. CRAWFORD This genus was established by Dr. Ashmead in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 26, p. 82, 1899, but no species was included. The material on which he based his description is in the U. S. National Museum and bears his manuscript name H. pratti. This, however, is the species described by Robertson as Philere- mus illinoiensis, which species I select as' the genotype. To this genus also belong Phileremus pulchelhis Cresson, P. heliop- sis Robert., and Neopasites robertsoni Cwfd. as well as the new species described below. In this genus the mandibles are not dentate, and Ashmead's generic description is erroneous in stating that the pygidium has a median carina. The labrum is rostriform and truncate at apex. The venation is quite variable in this genus, the transverse median vein in the same species being interstitial or received beyond the basal vein ; the first recurrent vein will be either some distance before the apex of the first cubital cell or ex- actly at apex. In the specimen of illinoiensis from Mississippi the first recurrent of the left wing is branched before reach- ing the discoidal vein, making a large extra complete cell ; in the right wing there is a minute stub on the recurrent at about the same distance from the discoidal. In a specimen of the species from Washington, D. C, the outer transverse-cubital of the right wing is branched before reaching the cubitus, mak- ing a minute longly petiolate third cubital cell. In the para- type male of stevensi from Bismarck, North Dakota, the first transverse-cubitus is missing in both wings, showing only a minute stub on the marginal vein, so that there is only one cubi- tal cell. KEY TO THE SPECIES female;s 1. Abdomen red 2 Abdomen dark 5 3. Last ventral segment deeply widely emarginate pulchellus Cress. Last ventral segment not deeply widely emarginate 3 124 INSECUTOR INSCITI^TJ MENSTRUUS 3. Labrum medially near base with a thornlike projection, acanthochilus, new species Labrum without such a thorn 4 4. Joint 3 of antennaeas long as 4 + 5 ; punctures of front, clypeus, mesonctum, and mesopleurse separated, the interspaces shiny, ilUnoiensis Robt. Joint o of antennae shorter than 4 + 5, mesonotum and mesopleurae rugoso-punctate, punctures of clypeus and front, coarse, close, stevensi, new species 5. Pleurae rugoso-punctate, with a lunule of white pubescence, heliopsis Robt. Pleur£e punctured, with a large patch of white pubescence, below this more finely punctured robertsoni Cwfd. MALES. 1. Abdomen red 2 Abdomen dark 4 2. Sixth dorsal segment at apex medially with a triangular pygidium- like proj ection texanus, new species Sixth dorsal segment without such a projection 3 3. Joint 3 of antennse as long as 4 -|- 5 ; labrum with hardly a trace of a median carina ilUnoiensis Robt. Joint 3 of antennae shorter than 4 + 5, labrum medially carinate for two-thirds its length stevensi, new species 4. Pleurae rugoso-punctate, with a white lunule ; truncation of basal segment of abdomen not sharply defined, laterally the punctures extending onto truncation heliopsis Robt. Pleurae punctured, with a large white patch, below this more finely punctured ; truncation of basal segment sharply defined, subcari- nate above ; laterally angulate, without punctures on truncation, robertsoni Cwfd. Ncopasites eatnia Ckll., which I do not know, is omitted from the above table. From its original description it does not appear to be any of the new species described in this paper. Holcopasites illinoiensis (Robt.). Specimens in the collection of the American Entomological Society from Robertson which are probably paratypes but are not labeled as such, show the following characters: Third an- tennal joint as long as 4 + 5 ; punctures on disk of mesonotum near middle well separated, the interspaces shiny ; fifth ventral segment quite deeply but narrowly emarginate. The specimens from the vicinity of Washington, D. C, which Ashmead had under the manuscript name pratti agree INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 125 perfectly with this. There is also in the collection a specimen from Louisiana and one from Agri. Coll., Miss., collected May 24, 1901, on Brigeron annuus by W. Dwight Pierce. Holcopasites acanthochilus, new species. Female. Length 6.5 mm. Head and thorax black with appressed white pubescence, face closely rather coarsely punc- tured, punctures of clypeus finer, on each side of face above clypeus a smooth shiny area with a few large punctures ; labrum near base medially with a short spine-like projection; mandibles red, lighter medially; antenns reddish, brownish above, most of scape dark brown ; mesonotum closely punc- tured, the punctures somewhat coarser than on face ; scutellum slightly bilobed, almost rugoso-punctate ; tubercles and tegulss reddish, coxse and basal half of femora dark, tibiae reddish, apical half of the mid and hind tibije and all of tarsi brown; tibial spurs whitish ; first recurrent received by the second cubital very near base ; abdomen red, truncation of first seg- ment poorly defined, covered with appressed white pubescence ; first four segments with a pair of basal spots of appressed white pubescence and a similar spot on lateral apical margins ; last ventral segment apically slightly emarginate. Type locality : Clarendon, Texas. Type, Cat. No. 19968, U. S. Nat. Mus. One specimen from the type locality with the record of June 11, 1910, on Monarda citriodora, F. C. Bishopp, collector; also one female from Cypress Mills, Texas. Holcopasites stevensi, new species. Neopasites ill'.noiensis auct. not Robertson. Female. Length about 6 mm. Black, abdomen red; very similar to illinoicnsis but larger, face above, mesonotum and mesopleurge coarsely rugoso-punctate; joint 3 of antennae not as long as 4-t-5 ; last ventral segment very slightly emarginate. Male. Length about 6 mm. Similar to the female except in secondary sexual characters. Type locality: Bismarck, North Dakota. Type female, allotype male and one male paratype from the type locality with the record August 6, 1913, on Grindelia 126 INSECUTOR INSCITI.^ MKNSTRUUS sqiiarrosa, O. A. Stevens, collector. Other localities in North Dakota (all taken by Mr. Stevens and all on G. squarrosa) are McKenzie, August 5, 1913, 1 female; Minot, August 32, 1915, 3 females; Drake, August 24, 1915, 3 males; Williston, Aug- ust 9, 1915, 1 female, 1 male. From Nebraska: West Point, September 6, 1900, on Solidago rigida, 1 female; Lincoln, September 2, 1901, on G. squarrosa, 1 male ; both collected by the author. From Alberta, Canada: Medicine Hat, one pair, J. R. Malloch, collector. Type, Cat. No. 199G9, U. S. Nat. Mus. This is the species which I and others have recorded from the above-mentioned localities as Neopasites illinoiensis. I take great pleasure in naming this species after Mr. O. A. Stevens, in recognition of his interest in the Apoidea. Holcopasites texanus, new species. Male. Length 5.5 mm. Head and thorax black, abdomen red, legs brown, darker basally ; tibial spurs whitish ; antennae brown, darker above and more reddish beneath toward base; tegulse and tubercles ferruginous ; head and thorax closely rather coarsely punctured; labrum with a thorn-like projection medially near base ; sixth dorsal abdominal segment medially on apical margin with a pygidium-like projection ; transverse median vein interstitial ; first recurrent vein received by first cubital cell near apex. Type locality, Cotulla, Texas. Type, Cat. No. 19970, U. S. Nat. Mus. Type taken May 10, 1906, on Verbesina encelioides ; para- type taken May 9, 1906, on Monarda punctata, both by F. C. Pratt. While this species resembles acanthochilus in having a spine on the labrum, I do not think they can possibly be the same species, especially since the location of the first recurrent vein is different and in this character I have found no such variation, although the venation of the different species is quite variable. Date of publication, December ii, 1915. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus Published monthly. Sold only by subscription. $2 a year in advance, payable to Harrison G. Dyar, 804 B Street SW., Washington, D. C. The editor will be glad to receive short original articles, especially in orders of insects other than Lepidoptera. Prompt publication of acceptable matter is assured. Twenty-five copies of the number in which the article appears will be furnished to contributors gratis, except in the case of short notes. Additional copies in any num- ber, at cost, on previous notice. Contents of Vol. Ill, Nos. 8-10, August-October, 1915 Page Nine New Tropical American Genera of Muscoidea. By C. H. T. Townsend. 91 New Genera of Muscoid Flies from the Middle Atlantic States. By C. H. T. Townsend ........... 97 Two New Crane-flies from Porto Rico. By Charles P. Alexander . . 104 New North American Hymenoptera. By J. C. Crawford . . . .107 New Ceratopogoninae from Peru. By Frederick Knab . . . .109 Notes on the Species of Culex of the Bahamas. By Harrison G. Dyar and Frederick Knab . . . . . . . . . .112 Synonymical Notes on Muscoidea. By C. H. T. Townsend . . . 115 The Bee Genus Holcopasites Ashmead. By J. C. Crawford . . 123 STANLEY SEARLES, PRINTER. 19 RANDOLPH PLACE N. W. INSECUTOR INSCITi:^ MENSTRUUS Jl MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY Vol.111 NOVEMBER-DECEMBER. 1915 Nos. 11-12 CONDUCTED BY HARRISON G. DYAR. WASHINGTON. D. C. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus Vol. Ill NOVEMBER-DECEMBER, 1915 Nos. 11-12 NEW NEARCTIC CRANE-FLIES IN THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM (Diptera, Tipulidce) By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER, Ithaca. N. Y.^ The following species of crane-flies are for the most part contained in the collection of the National Museum. The spe- cies will be figured in reports by the author now in course of completion. I am indebted to Mr. Frederick Knab for the privilege of studying the crane-flies of the National Collection. A number of the names of crane-flies of the genus Tipula of the eastern United States and Canada are preoccupied by earlier names in this genus and are renamed below. There is considerable difference of opinion as to what constitutes a pre- occupied name, but the rules of the nomenclatural codes are clear upon this point, and if we are ever to have stability we must conform to these rules. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1905), article 35, is stated, "A spe- cific name is to be rejected as a homonym when it has previ- ously been used from some other species of the same genus." The Entomological Code (1912), paragraph 61, is as follows: "In case of primary homonyms the later name shall be changed, no matter to what genus they/ are now referred." The papers cited below are Gmelin's "System"^ and de Villers' "Entomo- logia."3 ^Contribution from the Entomological Department of Cornell Uni- versity. 'Gmelin. Systema Naturae von C. Linnaeus. Edition 13, Tom. 1, pars. 5, 1792. _ Me Villers, Carolo. Caroli Linnaei Entomologia Faunae Suecicae de- scriptionibus aucta, vol. 3, 1789. 127 128 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Tipula ilUnoicns'is, n.n., for T. versicolor Loew (1863), non T. versi- color Gmelin (1792), p. 2S19. Tipula ignota, n.n., for T. discolor Loew (1863), non T. discolor Gmelin (1792), p. 2819. Tipula iroquois, n.n., for T. cincta Loew (1863), non T. cincta Gmelin (1792), p. 2820. Tipula labradorica, n.n., for T. tesselata Loew (1863), non T. tesselata de Villers (1789), p. 397. Tipula senega, n.n., for T. pallida Loew (1863), non T. pallida de Vil- lers (1789), p. 389. Tipula ultima, n.n., for T. flavicans Fabricius (1805), non. T. flavicans de Villers (1789), p. 403. Stygeropis unimicra, new species. Male. — Length, 10 mm. ; wing, 12.3 mm. Palpi dark brownish black. Frontal prolongation of the head short, light gray, the nasus long, slender. Antennae rather long, the basal segments dull yellow soon passing into dark brown ; the third to fifth segments are produced apically to give a subserrate effect; terminal segment tiny, attenuated. Head dull, dusky gray, narrowly lined with black, clearer on the sides of the occiput; a shallow depression behind the an- tennal bases ; front produced cephalad between the antennal bases as a slender tongue. Mesonotal prsescutum dull grayish brown with three dark brown stripes, the middle one of which is indistinctly bisected by a gray line ; scutum with the lobes gray marked with brown ; scutellum and postnotum gray. Pleura clear light gray with the dorso-pleural membranes brownish yellow. Halteres short, light yellow, the knobs elongated, brown. Legs with the coxae pale, densely gray pruinose ; trochanters yellow ; femora dull yellow, the apical half browner; tibice dull yellow passing into brown toward the tip ; tarsi brown. Wings brownish gray, the costal region slightly brighter ; stigma brown ; veins dark brown ; a broad vitreous band before the cord extending into the base of cell M^. Abdominal tergites dark brown with a sparse gray bloom ; segments 3 to 9 with the caudal margin narrowly ringed with silvery yellow ; lateral margins of the segments almost white ; sternites light gray, broadly ringed with paler caudally. Hy- TNSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 139 popygium with the ninth tergite very reduced, hidden, the lat- eral margins pale, the median area dark brown, shiny ; eighth sternite unarmed. Holotype, male, Colorado. (From the collection of C. V. Riley.) Type, Cat. No. 19979, U. S. Nat. Mus. Tipula satyr, new species. Male. — Length, 13 mm. ; wing, 15.3 mm. Palpi short, dark brown. Frontal prolongation of the head short, light brown, the dorsal surface light gray, the nasus prominent. Antennae with the first segment brown ; the second segment brighter, more yellowish ; flagellum with the segments almost unicolorous, dark brown, the basal enlargement a little darker. Head light gray with a distinct frontal tubercle that is indistinctly impressed medially. Mesonotal praescutum very dull yellow with three broad dark brown stripes; pseudosutural foveas low down on the lateral margin of the sclerite ; thoracic interspaces with abundant long pale hairs ; scutum, scutellum, and postnotum dull gray. Pleura gray, the dorso-pleural membranes more yellowish. Halteres brown, the knobs darker. Legs with the coxae light gray pro- vided with abundant long pale hair; trochanters brownish gray ; femora yellow at the base, soon passing into dark brown ; tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings light brownish gray, the costal cells similar, not brightened ; stigma brown ; veins dark brown ; a broad vitreous band before the cord extending into the base of cell M4. Abdominal tergites hairy, dull orange with three brown stripes, the lateral pair clearer ; segments 2 to 8 broadly ringed with silvery around the caudal margin, broadest and clearest on the second to fourth segments. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite having the lateral angles prominent, obliquely truncated, the outer lobe subacute, the inner lobe much shorter, blunt; the angles separated by a double median notch; from the outer margin of the base of the produced angles arises a prominent, acute, conical, orange-colored horn that is directed 130 INSECUTOIi INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS caudad; ninth pleurite and sternite largely concealed by the prominent eighth sternite ; eighth sternite prominent, the dorsal surface with a flesh lobe on each side near the apex, densely white pubescent, bearing at the apex sharp, reddish spines. Holotype, male, Colorado. (From the collection of C. V. Riley.) Type, Cat. No. 19980, U. S. Nat. Mus. Tipula pleuracicula, new species. Male. — Length, 11.3 mm. ; wing, 13 mm. The type is teneral and the colors are not deep. Palpi light brown. Frontal prolongation of the head rather short, dull yellow, the extreme base with a slight gray bloom; the nasus prominent, upturned. Antennae dull yellow, the flagellar seg- ments probably darkened at the base in fully-colored speci- mens. Head light gray with a delicate interrupted median line. Thoracic dorsum dull yellow without distinct darker stripes. Pleura with a sparse grayish bloom. Halteres long, slender, light brown, the base more yellowish. Legs with the coxae and trochanters dull yellow ; femora yellowish brown ; tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings subhyaline; costal region and the stigma darker ; veins brown. Abdom.en brownish yellow, the segments narrowly ringed with silvery around the caudal margin. Ninth tergite of the hypopygium broad, conspicuous, the caudal margin subtrans- verse, the sublateral angles prominent, short, directed caudad and strongly ventrad, the apices truncated and sparsely toothed; ninth pleurite small, complete, produced caudad as a long needle-like point ; eighth sternite prominent, the caudal margin almost straight across and with a broad fringe of coarse golden hairs. Holotype, male, Colorado. (From the collection of C. V. Riley.) Type, Cat. No. 19981, U. S. Nat. Mus. Tipula stalagmites, new species. Male. — Length, 14 mm. ; wing, 15.5 mm. Palpi with the first segment dull yellow ; the second segment INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 131 light brown ; the two distal segments dark brown. Frontal prolongation of the head rather elongated, light brown, the nasus prominent. Antennae with the first two segments light yellow; the third segment light brown; remainder of the an- tennae black, the segments slightly excised. Head pale brown- ish yellow with a sparse blue-gray bloom, less distinct on the sides of the occiput ; an indistinct brown median vitta. Pronotal scutum yellowish gray with a brown median spot. Mesonotal prsescutum light gray with four narrow dark brown stripes, the middle pair divided by a subequal vitta of the ground-color and beginning behind the anterior margin of the sclerite; a yellowish spot before the pseudosutural fovese; scutum with the lobes gray, indistinctly marked with brown ; scutellum pale brown, the postnotum gray, both with a very indistinct median brown vitta. Pleura with a light gray bloom, the dorso-pleural membranes and a blotch before the base of the halteres yellow. Halteres yellowish brown, the knobs darker. Legs with the coxae light gray; trochanters dull yel- low ; femora and tibiae yellow, the apices indistinctly darkened ; tarsi brown. Wings subhyaline to grayish, the costal region more yellowish; stigma indistinct; veins dark brown; a vitre- ous band before the cord extending into the base of cell M^. Abdominal tergites dull yellow, indistinctly trivittate with brown, the sclerites narrowly ringed with yellowish silvery on the caudal margin ; ninth tergite light brown narrowly mar- gined with yellow ; sternites dull yellow with the median area darker, this pattern broadest on the terminal sclerites. Hy- popygium with the ninth tergite large, transverse, with short, subacute, lateral lobes, the caudal margin with three notches, the median one shallowly concave, the lateral notches deeper, subrectangular ; ninth pleurite complete; ninth sternite deeply notched medially beneath, the base of the notch on either side with a sharp, elongated appendage that is directed dorsad; eighth sternite with prominent fleshy lobes directed proximad, provided with finger-like projections that almost meet on the median line beneath; the caudal margin with a median sub- membranaceous shield bearing a weak tuft of pale hairs. 132 INSECUTOR INSCITI.5; MDNSTRUUS Holotype, male, Dripping Spring, Organ Mountains, New Mexico, April 23, 1898 (T. D. A. Cockerell) ; at light. Type, Cat. No. 19982, U. S. Nat. Mus. This species suggests T. subtilis Doane, T. flavicoma Doane, and related species, but is readily separated by the structure of the male genitalia. Tipula rotundiloba, new species. Male. — Length, 12 mm. ; wing, 14 mm. Palpi dark brown. Frontal prolongation of the head dull yellow with a sparse grayish bloom; nasus short but distinct. Antennae with the three basal segments yellow, the third a lit- tle darkened at the tip ; flagellar segments quite elongated, very slightly excised beyond the basal enlargement, dark brown passing into brownish yellow at the tip of each segment, the terminal segments more uniformly dark brown. Head dull gray with an indistinct median line. Thoracic dorsum with the prssscutum dull gray with four dark brown stripes, the lateral pair shorter, the middle pair narrowly bisected by a gray line ; pseudosutural foveas a dusky point ; scutum grayish brown ; scutellum and postnotum light gray. Pleura yellow with a dull gray bloom. Halteres pale brownish yellow, the knob darker brown. Legs with the coxae light gray; trochanters light yellow; femora and tibiae dull yellow, narrowly tipped with brown ; tarsi brown. Wings with a strong grayish yellow tinge, the costal area dull yellow, the stigmal area brown; vein Cm yellowish, the remaining veins brav/n; a broad vitreous band before the cord, largest before the stigma in cell ist R^ and as a conspicuous blotch at the tip of cell R and base of cell ist M.,, extending into the base of cell M^ ; in the left-hand wing of the type, the base of vein M^ persists as a slight spur. Abdominal tergites dull brownish yellow with a dark brown dorsal line that broadens out at the end of the second segment so as to cover most of the sclerite ; segments 3 to 6 dark brown, narrowly margined caudally, and broadly laterally, with dull brownish yellow, this margin bocon-jing still broader on the ^NSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 133 terminal segments so as to include most of segments 7 and 8 ; sternites with segment 2 yellowish and having a dark brown subterminal ring ; segments 4 to 6 dark brown basally, the cau- dal margin broadly dull yellow, this area becoming broader on the terminal segments so as to include most of segments 7 and 8. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite rather extensive, the lateral lobes very broad, rounded, the caudal margin chitinized, shiny ; the median notch is very deep and narrow, U-shaped ; ninth pleurite complete ; the outer pleural appendage subspatu- late, enlarged distally; eighth sternite broad, rather narrowed toward the apex, the caudal margin slightly concave, bearing a dense tuft of short, golden hairs on each side of the median line and a few scattered hairs on the short, lateral lobes. Holotype, male. College Station, Texas, March 16, 1908 (E. S. Tucker). Type, Cat. No. 19983, U. S. Nat. Mus. Tipula georgiana, new species. Male. — Length, 11.8-14 mm.; wing, 11.5-15.3 mm. Palpi dull brownish yellow, the two terminal segments a lit- tle darker. Frontal prolongation of the head dull yellow with a sparse yellowish bloom; nasus obliterated. Antennae com- paratively short, the scapal segments yellow ; third segment dull yellow, the apical portion infuscated; remainder of the organ brown, the flagellar segments with the basal enlarge- ment a little darker, the pedicel lighter brown; flagellar seg- ments rather short, slightly constricted beyond the basal en- largement. Head light brown, the front and a narrow margin adjoining the eyes pale whitish gray. Thoracic dorsum very light brownish yellow, the praescutal stripes only a little darker, pale brown, the median vitta bi- sected by a delicate dark brown line ; lateral stripes indistinct ; pseudosutural fovese reduced to small colorless pits; scutum, scutellum, and postnotum dull yellow with a sparse whitish gray bloom. Halteres pale yellow, the base of the knobs brown. Legs with the coxae dull yellow, slightly gray prui- nose ; trochanters and femora dull yellow, the latter passing into 134 , INSECUTOR INSCITI.^ MENSTRUUS brown ; tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings hyaline or nearly so, the costal region and the stigma light yellow ; veins brown ; a vitre- ous band before the cord, extending from the end of vein Sc, brightest and largest before the stigma, passing into the basal portion of cell M^ ; very little or none of the vitreous area be- yond the stigma. Abdominal tergites yellow without distinct darker markings, the caudal margins of the segments narrowly ringed with sil- very; sternites bright yellow, on segments 6 to 8 rather more brownish. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite moderate in size, the lateral angles conspicuous, directed caudad and slightly proximad, the apices bluntly rounded and the margin narrowly chitinized; the median lobe broad, highly convex to obtusely pointed, shiny chestnut brown to yellow; ninth pleurite large, complete; outer pleural appendage somewhat spatulate with a very narrow base, the knobs clothed with sparse elongate hairs ; eighth sternite rather extensive, the caudal margin broadly concave with a brush of long golden hairs on each side of the base of the concavity and slightly smaller tufts behind them, these hairs concealing a very long, delicate, decussate, reddish bristle. Holotype, male, Georgia. Paratype, male, topotypic ; male, New Rochelle, New York ; male, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Type, Cat. No. 19984, U. S. Nat. Mus. The topotypic and the New York paratypes are in the col- lection of the author. The Massachusetts paratype is in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. The New York specimen appeared in the Loew collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology under the manuscript name of "in- ornata" in Loew's writing; the specimen has the antennal fla~ gellum very pale, more yellowish than the type. The Massa- chusetts specimen is the largest and here the antennal flagel- lum is a very dark brown. Tipula catavi^ba, new species. Male. — Length, 12.8 mm. ; wing, 13.7 mm. Palpi with the first segment pale brownish testaceous, the INSl^CUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 135 apical segments dark brown. Frontal prolongation of the head dull light yellow with a sparse pale whitish bloom. Antennae short, the first scapal segment elongate, dull yellow; second segment very short, brownish yellow ; flagellar segments very short, dark brown, little constricted beyond the basal enlarge- ment which occupies about a third to a quarter of the total length of the segment. Head light gray, the occiput browner, a very indistinct, narrow, median, brown line. Pronotum dull brownish yellow. Mesonotal prasscutum light gray with three very broad brown stripes which suffuse most of the dorsum, the lateral margins clear light gray ; pseu- dosutural fovea a semilunar subshiny pit; scutum clear light gray throughout; scutellum and postnotum dull brownish yel- low with a sparse grayish bloom. Pleura pale brownish yel- low with a clear light gray bloom. Halteres brownish yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs with the coxss dull yellow, sparse-gray pruinose ; trochanters light yellow ; femora brown- ish yellow becoming darker toward the tip ; tibi?e and tarsi dark brown. Wings grayish subhyaline, the costal area and stigma brownish yellow ; a slight yellowish suffusion along vein Cu ; veins dark brown ; a narrow vitreous band before the cord ex- tending from the end of vein Sc, largest and brightest before the stigma, passing into the base of cell M^. Abdominal tergites with the first two segments yellowish, the remaining tergites darker brownish; the sclerites with the caudal margin ringed with silvery; sternites brownish yellow, their caudal margins very narrowly silvery. Hypopygium rather enlarged, the ninth tergite quite similar to that of T. georgiana, the lateral angles produced caudad and slightly proximad into truncated lobes whose inner margin is sub- acutely angular, not evenly rounded; the median convexity rounded, shiny ; ninth pleurite rather large, complete ; the inner pleural appendage produced caudad in an elongate, subacute, pale, fleshy lobe, somewhat as in translucida Doane; eighth sternite with a broad median membranaceous shield on the caudal margin, the lateral angles produced proximad into fleshy lobes which bear dense tufts of rather coarse golden-yellow 136 inse;cutor insciti^ menstruus hairs and including one very long slender bristle on each side. Holotype, male, North Carolina. (From the collection of C. V. Riley.) Type, Cat. No. 19985, U. S. Nat. Mus. ^ Tipula winnemana, new species. Male. — Length, 19.5 mm. ; wing, 22.8 mm. Female. — Length, 20 mm. ; wing, 20.5 mm. Palpi dark brown, the tips of the segments somewhat paler. Frontal prolongation of the head quite short, light brown. An- tennse rather short, the two basal segments dull yellow; the third segment light brown, passing into dark brown at the apex; remainder of the antennas dark brownish black. Head yellowish brown, the inner margin of the eyes narrowly gray- ish ; a delicate, indistinct, brown median vitta. Pronotum light gray, the scutum with three broad brownish stripes ; scutelium light grayish white. Mesonotal prsescutum dull brownish yellow with three indistinct stripes, the median one very broad, narrowed behind, indistinctly bisected by a paler vitta; lateral stripes more grayish, reduced in area; the thoracic interspaces vv^ith abundant long yellow hairs ; scutum yellowish brown with a slight grayish bloom, densely provided with long yellow hairs and with two small areas unfurnished with hairs ; scutelium and postnotum brownish yellow. Pleura pale with a sparse grayish white bloom. Plalteres yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs with the coxae pale, whitish pollinose ; trochanters dull yellow ; femora yellowish brown, the apex narrowly dark brown ; tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings light gray, the costal region and seams along veins Cu and 2nd Anal yellow ; stigma and the veins dark brown ; a broad vitreous band before the cord extending into the base of cell M^. Abdominal tergites dull brownish yellow, indistinctly and narrowly trivittate with dark brown ; sternites yellowish brown. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite black, deeply notched me- dially, in the type-specimen the lateral angles bent strongly ventrad ; ninth pleurite complete ; ninth sternite bearing a sub- pendulous lobe which is practically hairless, tapering toward INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 137 the apex and bearing on the ventral inner side a chitinized knob ; guard of the penis and the subtending gonapophyses re- markably developed, the latter appearing as widely spreading arms, densely pale-hairy on the outer face, the apex cylin- drical, naked ; the penis-guard long, needle-like, extending dor- sad into the notch of the ninth tergite; eighth sternite with the broad median lobe abruptly truncated, chitinized, bearing be- neath two tufts of long whitish hairs ; lateral lobes short, bear- ing a small tuft of long whitish hairs and two or three long, curved, reddish bristles, one of which is more powerful than the others. The female is referred to this species with considerable doubt because of the very different color of the wings. The specimen is, in general, similar to the male, the antennae shorter, the flagellar segments paler brown but unicolorous as in the male ; wings strongly yellowish including the veins ; stigma dark brown, prominent; valves of the ovipositor extremely shortened, the tergal valves chitinized, short and broad, blunt, the sternal valves longer, broad, acutely pointed. Holotype, male, Plummers Island, Maryland, June 13, 1914 (W. L. McAtee). Allotype, female, topotypic, June 7, 1914 (W. L. McAtee). The type is in the collection of the author, the allotype in the collection of the United States Biological Survey. Tipula costaloides, new species. Male. — Length, 11.5 mm. ; wing, 12 mm. Female. — Length, 12.8-13 mm.; wing, 12.5-12.8 mm. Palpi dark brown. Frontal prolongation of the head light brown, the dorsal surface with a clear blue-gray bloom, the nasus elongate, distinct. Antennae with the three basal seg- ments dull yellow, remainder of the flagellum with the seg- ments rather short, the basal enlargement dark brown, the re- mainder of each segment brown, on the terminal segments be- coming darker, the sclerites unicolorous. Head light gray, on the occiput more suffused with brown; an indistinct delicate brown median line. 138 INSi;CUTOR INSCITI^ MKNSTRUUS Thoracic dorsum with the prsescutum dull light gray with a very broad brown median stripe, broadest in front, narrowed behind; lateral stripes indistinct; a few scattered brown spots on the interspaces indicating the position of hairs; scutellum light gray, the middle of each lobe indistinctly brown ; scutel- lum and postnotum light gray. Pleura clear blue-gray with the dorso-pleural membranes dull yellow. Halteres pale with the knobs brown. Legs with the coxae light gray ; the trochan- ters pale ; femora yellowish brown, scarcely darkened at the tip; tibiae yellowish brown, the apices narrowly dark brown; tarsi dark brown. Wings subhyaline, the costal area dark brown ; the stigma and a small spot at the origin of Rs brown ; veins brown ; a broad vitreous band from before the stigma, in- cluding the cord and extending into the base of cell M^. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal and lateral mar- gins paler, on the sixth to ninth segments brighter, more yel- lowish ; the eighth segment and the apices of the lobes of the ninth segment rather bright yellow; sternites dull yellowish brown. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite rather conspicu- ous, the lateral angles prominent, these lobes narrowed to the blunt apex, the median notch U-shaped and bearing a slender, subacute, median lobe which is directed caudad ; ninth pleurite complete, moderate in size; eighth sternite with the caudal margin shallowly concave, the tiny lateral lobes bearing three to four stout, reddish, decussate bristles. The female is similar to the male, with the flagellar segments not excised, the segments ranging from the yellow scape through two or three basal segments of the flagellum which are light yellowish brown to the dark brown of the terminal segments. Ovipositor with the tergal valves transverse form an opaque subrectangular plate, the blades acutely pointed, the dorsal sur- face with a prominent ridge extending from the apex back- ward ; the sternal valves are very slender, not reaching the tips of the tergal valves, bent strongly outward at about midlength, the tips bent inward and approximated. Holotype, male, Wolfe City, Texas, April 13, 1906 (F. C. Bishopp). INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 13'9 Allotype, female, topotypic. Paratype, female, topotypic. This insect bears a remarkable superficial resemblance to Tipula sayi Alex., but the subunicolorous antennas, the obliteration of the lateral prsescutal stripes, and the very different structure of the hypopygium of both male and female offer abundant points of difference. The type and paratype are in the collection of the United States National Museum, Cat. No. 19986 ; the allotype is in the collection of the author. Tipula megalabiata, new species. Male. — Length, 11 mm. ; wing, 13.5 mm. Palpi pale brown. Frontal prolongation of the head brown- ish yellow with a very sparse grayish bloom toward the base ; nasus distinct. Antennae pale yellow, the first flagellar seg- ment a little darker; remaining segments dark brown at the base, dull yellow beyond, the apical segments more brownish. Head light gray, the front more whitish. Thoracic dorsum light brown with the praescutal stripes dull gray, not clear-cut; the scutellum slightly brownish on the sides. Pleura light yellow with a sparse whitish bloom. Hal- teres light brown, the knobs darkened. Legs with the coxae yellow with a sparse whitish bloom; trochanters light yellow; remainder of the legs broken. Wings with a gray tinge, dark- est at the apex ; costal area light brown ; a large brown stigmal spot ; smaller brown spots at the base of Rs and the tip of 5*^ ; a broad vitreous band before the cord, extending from before the stigma into the base of cell M^; no vitreous spot beyond the stigma. Abdomen with the tergites rather bright yellow, the terminal segments more brownish yellow; a broad dark brown dorsal line, narrowest anteriorly, broadened out on the posterior seg- ments ; tergites narrowly ringed caudally with silvery ; seg- ments 2 to 5 with a large rounded dark brown spot on each side, on the last three segments basal in position, on the second segment at about midlength; first sternite dark brown; re- 140 INSI'CUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS maining segments dull brownish yellow without darker mark- ings. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite rather small and re- stricted, the narrow median area membranaceous ; the lateral angles of the tergite produced into enormous finger-like lobes which extend caudad, the apices bent inward and slightly vent- rad, the tips truncated; eighth sternite with the caudal margin produced into two elongate fleshy lobes, the median area with a tuft of elongate reddish hairs. Holotype, male, Ormsby County, Nevada, July 6 (C. F. Baker), No. 961. Type, Cat. No. 19987, U. S. Nat. Mus. Tipula bigeminata, new species. Male. — Length, 17 mm. ; wing, 19 mm. Palpi very dark brown. Frontal prolongation of the head elongated, light brown, the impressed lateral line slightly darker brown ; nasus very small, subobsolete. Antennse with the first segment brownish yellow ; second segment bright yel- low ; flagellar segments with the basal enlargement slight, dark brown ; the remainder of the segments almost concolorous or a little lighter. Head light gray with a delicate, subimpressed, median line. Thoracic dorsum light gray, the praescutum with four dark brown stripes, the lateral stripes a little broader than the very narrow median stripes which are indistinct in front but clear- cut posteriorly; an indistinct brown cloud on the sides of the sclerite just back of the pseudosutural foveas; scutum clear light gray with three brown marks on each lobe, a small rounded spot on the anterior lateral portion of the lobe, and two elongate marks, one of which adjoins the median area of the sclerite; scutellum and postnotum brown with a sparse light gray bloom. Pleura light gray. Halteres brown, the base yellowish, the knob dark brown with a pale apex. Legs with the coxae yellow, sparsely light gray pruinose ; trochanters dull yellow; femora brownish yellow, the apex narrowly dark brown ; tibiae dull yellow, the apex narrowly dark brown ; tarsi dark brown. Wings light gray; a dark brown spot at the INSECUTOR INSCITI^E MENSTRUUS 141 arculus ; brown spots at the stigma and end of vein Sc ; base of Rs and the apex of vein Cu and vein Cwj seamed with brown ; costal area not brighter ; a broad vitreous band before the cord extending from before the stigma including the base of cells 1st M2 and M^ ; a small vitreous spot at the apex of cell ist A near the vein 2nd A. Abdomen brown, indistinctly trivittate, the lateral stripes being the more distinct; caudal margins of the segments paler, this color becoming broader and clearer on the terminal seg- ments ; it is probable that fresh specimens exhibit a sparse gray bloom on the segments ; sternites brown, segments 4 and 5 broadly ringed with paler on the caudal margin, segments 6 and 7 much more narrowly ringed. Hypopygium powerful, compressed; ninth tergite very small and long; a deep dorsal median groove ; lateral angles produced caudad into long, sub- acute lobes which lie parallel, narrowly separated by a very deep U-shaped notch; eighth sternite with the lateral lobes bent strongly dorsad, at the apex with a strong, matted bunch of reddish bristles which are directed proximad and are decus- sate; a median lobe directed caudad and bearing at the apex a dense, rather short, fringe of golden hair. Holotype, male, Ormsby County, Nevada, July 6 (C. F. Baker), No. 960. Type, Cat. No. 19988, U. vS. Nat. Mus. Tipula alticola, nev/ species. Male. — Length, 15.5 mm. ; wing, 16.8 mm. Palpi short, black. Frontal prolongation of the head black with a dark blue-gray bloom ; nasus distinct, hairy. Antennae black, the second segment a little paler; flagellar segments ex- ceedingly deeply incised, the distal enlargement of each seg- ment only a little smaller than the basal swelling. Head dark blue-gray, more brownish on the sides of the occiput and ver- tex behind the eyes ; a narrow median brown line. Thoracic dorsum light gray with three very broad, dark blue-gray stripes, the median broadest, narrowly bisected by a delicate brown line; prasscutal interspaces with abundant 142 INSECUTOR INSClTlzU MENSTRUUS brown dots surrounding the bases of the numerous long pale hairs ; scutum blue-gray ; scutellum and postnotum gray with a narrow dark brown median line. Pleura dark blue-gray, the dorso-pleural membranes dark brown; sternites a little more brownish. Halteres pale at the base, the stem brown, the knob darker. Legs with the coxje dark, blue-gray pruinose; trochanters dark colored with a sparse blue-gray bloom ; femora deep brownish yellow passing into dark brown on the apical third ; tibi^ and tarsi dark brownish black. Wings light gray, the costal area brownish yellow, the membrane of the disk with dark brown and subhyaline blotches, arranged as follows : dark brown at the stigma, along the cord, along vein Cu and at the base of Rs; subhyaline blotches near the base of cells M, Cu and ist A ; near the tip of cell M, most of cell R, a large blotch in the middle of cell ist R^ ; beyond the cord in cell, 2nd i?i, base of R^, R^, i?,, and in ist M^. Abdominal tergites dull orange-yellow, trivittate with slate- gray to dark brown, the orange colors brightest on segments 2 to 4 and the base of 5 ; extreme lateral margins of the seg- ments paler; caudal margins of segments 3 and 4 pale yellow except along the median area; segments 6 to 8 dark brown; sternites with segments 2 to 4 dull orange, on the terminal seg- ments passing into dark brown. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite reduced to a narrow, transverse, chitinized band whose caudal margin is heavily chitinized, smooth, black, and very shallowly concave; eighth sternite subcarinate, unarmed. Holotype, male, Baldy Mountain, Boulder County, Colorado, July 24, 1915 (T. D. A. Cockerell) ; above timber line. Paratype, male, Manitou Pass, Colorado (F. H. Snow) ; from the S. W. Williston collection. The type is in the collection of the United States National Museum, Cat. No. 19989 ; the paratype is in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. INSECUTOR INSCITI.^ M^NSTRUUS 143 TWO NEW SPECIES OF COLEOPHORA (Lepidoptera, Coleophoridcs) By CARL HEINRICH The two following species were reared by the writer in con- nection with the work of the Branch of Forest Insects, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, at the eastern station. Coleophora lentella, new species. Palpi yellowish, slender ; third joint little more than half as long as second; very slight tuft on second joint. Antennag whitish yellow, annulated with light golden brown; basal joint tufted above with pale ochreous scales. Face, head and thorax, pale ochreous. Forewings light golden brown, shading to darker brown in apical portion, with white costal streak from base to costo-apical cilia; cilia golden brown. Hindwings brownish gray; cilia very light golden brown. Underside of fore and hind wings lead colored. Legs ochreous, dusted with dark brown on outer sides ; tarsi faintly annulated with light brown. Anal tuft light ochreous. Alar expanse, 8 mm. Habitat: Great Neck, Long Island. Food Plant: Betula lenta (Sweet-birch). Type, Cat. No. 19897, U. S. Nat. Mus. Described from moth reared June 22, 1915, from larva mining leaves of "sweet birch." This species is nearest to C. alniella Heinrich and belongs to the carycBfoliella group. The larval case is quite characteristic, being shorter and broader in proportion than that of any other species in this group. It is light brown, smooth; 4}^ to 5 mm. long by 1^^ mm. wide; a slightly flattened cylinder in form, the posterior end not so wide as middle of case and flattened to a straight edge ; mouth deflected to 45 degrees. Coleophora gaylussaciella, new species. Palpi creamy white, slender; third joint as long as second; second joint but slightly tufted. Antennae white, annulated with light brown ; conspicuous tuft of creamy white scales above basal joint. Face, head, and thorax creamy white. Forewings light buff shading to white at extreme base; apex 144 INSKCUTOR INSCITI^E MENSTRUUS of wing and apical cilia golden ; underside of f orewings brown- ish gray. Hind wings grayish ; cilia grayish white shading to yellow at apex. Underside of body, femora, and fore tibiae white ; tarsi, hind tibire, and anal tuft light buff. Alar expanse, 10 mm. Habitat : Falls Church, Virginia. Food Plant : Gaylussacia baccata.'^ Type, Cat. No.' 19898, U. S. Nat. Mus. Described from a single adult reared June 27, 1914, under Hopk. U. S. No. 121o0d from larva found feeding on huckle- berry. The larval case is light brown, 8 mm. long by 1 mm. thick ; cylindrical with widest portion just beyond the middle and tapering slightly to both ends ; posterior end rounded and flatly compressed ; mouth deflecting to 90 degrees. A NEW EASTERN BRACHYOPA (Dipt era, Syrphidce) By RAYMOND C. SHANNON Brachyopa flavescens, new species. Male. Rather robust, small, yellowish. Eyes strongly contiguous ; vertex yellowish gray, with pale, very short pile ; vertical triangle narrow and acute, reaching forward to about the middle of the eyes ; frontal triangle yellow, bare. Antennae orange-yellow; third joint ovate, longer than broad; arista darkened distally and with very fine microscopic pubescence along its entire length. Face moderately produced, light yellow, dusted with white and with fine light hairs; concave below antennae, the lower half produced and truncate, its upper angle slightly acute. Mesonotum dark ocher yellow, dusted with brownish gray, at the sides and behind broadly ferruginous and more shining; two narrow and approximated dark stripes medianly on anterior two-thirds, two broad, anteriorly and posteriorly abbreviated stripes outwardly; hairs rather short *Food plant determined by Mr. F. V. Coville of the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry. INSEJCUTOR INSCITI.E MENSTRUUS 145 and dense, yellow. Pleurae brown and black, thickly dusted with gray ; mesopleurse with somewhat longer hairs than those on mesonotum. Scutellum convex, broadly rounded, much broader than long, shining, ocher yellow, rather evenly punc- tured, with light yellow hairs and a few bristle-like ones on the posterior margin. Abdomen much broader than thorax, broadest at posterior margin of second segment ; color light yel- low, more or less stained with dark by body contents ; second segment more or less translucent. Coxae yellow. Anterior and middle pairs of legs yellow, with white pile. Hind pair some- what darker, the femora distally tinged with brown and with minute black spines along ventral surface; tibiae tinged with brown on distal half ; first tarsal joint grayish brown, paler distally and ventrally. Wings hyaline, faintly smoky, without trace of maculation, slightly darkened distally along anterior margin ; stigma yellow. Halteres pale yellow. Length about 3.75-5 mm. ; wing 3.75-5 mm. Dead Run, Fairfax County, Virginia, May 23 and June 9, 1915. Six males (R. C. Shannon). Type, Cat. No. 19681, U. S. Nat. Mus. This species is very distinct from the other North American species ; it is much smaller and different in general coloration. From notata O. S. it is easily distinguishable by the short scutellum and the clear wings ; the fourth vein is much less sinuate and its last section shows very shallow angulations, with very slight stumps in some specimens. The resemblance with vacua O. S. is more close, but, aside from the lighter coloration, the scutellum is shorter, the eyes more broadly contiguous, and the third antennal joint more ovate. Perhaps the resemblance is closest with media Will., known only from a single female from California, which is now before me. This has the mesonotum black, gray pruinose, only the humeri and narrow lateral margins yellow, the pile whitish. The scutellum is more prominent and flattened. The penultimate section of the fourth vein is more sinuate, the last section without pro- nounced angulations. All specimens were taken hovering near a chestnut log on a hillside with a northern exposure. 146 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS A NEW AMERICAN FRUIT-FLY (Diptera; Trypetidce) By frede;rick knab Anastrepha sylvicola, new species. Female. Body-color dull ocher-yellow ; bristles dark brown with yellow luster; pubescence yellow. Frons and face un- spotted; three pairs of fronto-orbital bristles; antennae short, their apices not reaching oral margin ; palpi brownish yellow, with short brown bristles. Wings hyaline, with a deep yellow pattern clouded with brown on distal portions ; second basal cell hyaline, a clear streak extending forward from it into first basal cell ; a clear spot beyond apex of first vein and extending from costa to third vein, not continuous with streak in first basal cell ; a yellow mark in the shape of an inverted "V," its inner arm following the posterior crossvein, the outer arm terminating marginally in the second posterior cell, this V-shaped mark broadly separated from the anal streak ; costal region deep yellow, along first vein extending inward to third vein and also occupying basal half of first basal cell. , Halteres brown. Ovipositor long and rather slender, slightly longer than abdomen. Proportions of ovipositor and wing, 1 : 2.3. Length: Body (without ovipositor) about 8 mm., ovipositor 3.5 mm., wing 8.5 mm. Trinidad, West Indies, June, 1914; a series of 17 specimens of both sexes reared from an unknown fruit found in the forest (F. W. Urich). Type : Cat. No. 20025, U. S. Nat. Mus. This species resembles Anastrepha fraterculus Wied. in the wing-pattern, which varies in the same manner as in that species. The V-shaped mark is sometimes connected with the large S-shaped streak, although usually free; rarely the clear streak extending forward from the second basal cell is con- fluent with the spot on the costal margin. Date of publication, December 31, 1915. Index to Volume III Acalyptrate genus of Muscoidea 41 acanthochilus Cwfd., n. sp. 124, 125 Aedes 112 albicans Walk. 119 albiguttata Schaus 79 albipunctata Will. 112 alboceptata Dyar, n. sp. 82 Alexander, C. P., articles by, 104, 12/ alpina Towns., n. sp. 63 alternata Cwfd. 108 alticola Alex., n. sp. 141 amelda Dyar, n. sp. 82 American fruit-fly, new, 146 American Lepidoptera chiefly from Mexico, new, 79 American genera of Muscoidea. nine new tropical, 91 American Thysanoptera, descriptions of new, 1 analis Hood, n. sp. 9 analis Towns., n. sp. 71 Anastrepha 146 Andean spallanzaniine flies, new, 63 andina Towns., n. sp. 67 annulipes Hood, n. sp. 16 anomala Towns. 116 Antilles, two new Lepidoptera from, 62 Apinocyptera 94 Apinops 94 Araba 116 Argyria 87, 116 oseyehas D. & K., n. sp. 112 Atacta 91, 92 Atactosturmia 92 ategulata Towns., n. sp. 41, 119 Atlantic States, new genera of muscoid flies from the Middle, 97 atra R. D. 121 Atropharista 120 aurea Towns., n. sp. (Dolichogonia) 08 aurea Towns. (Euzenilia) 121 aureus Hood, n. sp. 27 aurifrons Coq. 120 aurifrons Towns., n. sp. 95 auripes Hood, n. sp. 18 Austeniops 96 azalese Busck 42 azaleella Brants 43 Bahamas, notes on the species of Culex of, 112 bahamensis D. & K. 114 barbata Coq. 102 Bee genus Holcopasites Ashmead 123 Bermuda, Pyralida of, 86 bermudalis Dyar, n. sp. 87 bigeminata Alex., n. sp. 140 bimaculatella Ely, n. sp. 53 Blepharipa 92 Bombylius 50 borinquen Hood, n. sp. 1 Brachicoma 116 Brachycoma 91 Brachyopa, new eastern, 144 brunneri Ckll. 108, 109 bufalis Guen. 87 burgessiella Zell. 51, 52 Busck, A., article by, 42 cadaverina R. D. 117, 118 Calliphora 115 calopus Meig. 112 Calpodomyia 98 Camposiana 95 Carcinomyia 117 carnaria L,. 116 catawba Alex., n. sp. 134 cautella Walk. 89 CeratopogoninE from Peru, new, 109 Cerberus Fab. 49, 50 Chsetocnephalia 63 ChKtocrania 68 Chsetocraniopsis 68 Chaetoplagia 92 Chaetotachina 120 Chalcis, new species of the genus, 89 Chalcopasta 80, 81 chilensis Towns., n. sp. 69 Chirothrips, 1, 11 Chromoepalpus 71 chrysodidyma Dyar, n. sp. 85 chrysorrhoea Hamps. 79 Chrysomya 115 cincta Gmel. 128 cincta Lw. 128 clarus Towns., n. sp. 72 Clytia 121 cockerelli Cwfd., n. sp. (Ccelioxys) 108 cockerelli Cwfd. (Perdita) 108 Ccelioxys 108 Coenocharis 82 coinopus Dyar 79 Coleophora, two new species of, 143 columbrata Dyar, n. sp. 81 Compsomyia 115 convecta Walk. 119 Coquillettina 120 Cordyligaster 119 Coriscium 59 coruusella Ely, n. sp. 53 corpulenta Wied. 120 corpulenta Wulp 120 costaloides Alex., n. sp. 137 Crambus 87 Crane-flies from Porto Rico, two new, 104 Crane-flies in the United States Na- tional Museum, new Nearctic, 127 Crawford, J. C, articles by, 89, 107, 123 Cryptoblabes 88 Ctenucha 62 culculipennellum Hbn. 59 Culex of the Bahamas, notes on the species of, 112 Cynomya 117, 118 Cynomyopsis 118 147 148 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MEINSTRUUS Dejeania 120 delecta Schaus 81 demona Driice 79 Dexia 119 dexina Towns. 120 Dichaetoneura 119 diminutalis Walk. 86 Diptera, some West Indian, 46 discolor Gmel. 128 discolor Lw. 128 Dolichocnephalia 64, 66, 67 Dolichogonia 67 Dyar, H. G., articles by, 62, 79, 86 Dyar, H. G., & F. Knab, article by, 112 Dycladia 79 earaia Ckll. 124 Echinomyia 97 Echinotachina 120 Elasmopalpus 88 electellum Hulst 88 Elephantocera 98 ellica Dyar, n. sp. 80 elongata Hough 118 elongata Hulst 82 elongella L- 57 Ely, C. R., article by, 51 emarginata Towns., n. sp. 96 emissa Dyar, n. sp. 84 Ephestia 89 Ephestiodes 89 Eribea 120 Eriocera 104 escaria Grote 82 Euacemyia 120 Eiiaraba 116 Eucordylidexia 41, 119 Eulepidotis 81 Eumelanepalpus 74, 75 Eumicrophthalma 97 Eunomia 79 euphemia Dyar 79 Euquadratosoma 75 Eusaundersiops 76 Eustixia 86 Eutricogena 116 Euzenillia 121 Exartema 54 fascialis Cram. 86 fastuosa Meig. 116 ferrugalis Hbn. 86 flava Coq. 115 flavella Ely, n. sp. 56 flavescens Shann., n. sp. 144 flavicans Fab. 128 flavicans Vill. 128 flavicornis Hood, n. sp. 3, 8 flavimaculella Ely, n. sp. 57 flavipes Towns., n. sp. 74 florella Cram. 86 floridanus D. & K. 115 floridensis Towns. 103 , Forcipomyia 109, 111 , Frankliniella 15, 16 fraterculus Wied. 146 fraxinella Ely, n. sp. 58 Fruit-fly, new American, 146 funestus Hood, n. sp. 24 Galactomyia 122 gargantua Knab, n. sp. 49 gaylussaciella Heinr., n. sp. 143 geniculata Alex., n. sp. 106 georgiana Alex., n. sp. 133, 135 Germariopsis 66 Glaucina 82 glutinella Ely, n. sp. 55 Glyphodes 86 gnidiella Mill. 88 gonogramma Dyar, n. sp. 87 goodi Cwfd., n. sp. 107 gossypii Hood, n. sp. 33 Gracilaria 42, 51 Gracilaria, new species of the genus, and notes on two species already de- scribed 51 greeni Towns., n. sp. 99 grisea Alex. 107 griseum Coq. 78 Gymnomma 69 hremorrhoicum L,w. 50 halophilus Hood, n. sp. 29 Halticoptera 107 hammari Cwfd. 89 Haplothrips 29 hastiferellus Walk. 87 Heinrich, C., article by, 143 heliopsis Rob. 123, 124 Hellula 86 Herculia 88 Heterostylum 50 Heterothrips 1 hilliana Dyar, n. sp. 62 hirta Hough 117 Holcopasites Ashmead, bee genus, 123 Homceosoma 88 Hood, J. D., article by, 1 hookeri Knab, n. sp. 48 Hoplandrothrips 36 hunteri Cwfd. 108 hyalinata L,. 86 Hydriomena 83, 84 Hylesia 79, 80 Hymenoptera, new North American, 107 Hyperalonia 49 Hypertrophomma 99 Hypostena 99, 101, 102, 119, 121 Hystricia 95 Hystriciella 95 Hystriciine flies with white maggots, genus of, 45 Hystriciine flies, new Peruvian, 69 ignota Alex., n. sp. 128 illinoiensis Alex., n. n. 128 illinoiensis Rob. 123, 124 impar Hood, n. sp. 25 imperdata Dyar, n. sp. 83 indentella Dyar, n. sp. 89 insolitus Hood, n. sp. 11 intermedia Towns. 116 iroquois Alex., n. n. 128 johnsoni Smith 116 jonesalis Dyar, n. sp. 88 Knab, F., articles by, 46, 77, 109, 146 Knab, F., & H. G. Dyar, article by, 112 labradorica Alex., n. n. 128 I^accoprosopa 116 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 149 Lastitia 62 lamanensis R. D. 118 lanipes Fab. 122 lentella Heinr., n. sp. 143 Lepidoptera, new American, chiefly from Mexico 79 Lepidoptera from the Antilles, two new, 62 leucosigna Dyar, n. sp. 83 Leucotmensis 79 lignosella Zell. 88 Liothrips 31, 33 Lucilia 97 ludens Walk. Si? lydia Druce 79 Lydina 121 macquartii Rond. 46 Macromeigenia 103 magnicornis Coq. 99 magnitacta Dyar, n. sp. 83 Mallophora 46 manihotalis Guen. 88 Masicera 120 mcateei Hood, n. sp. 38 mediovittatum Knab, n. sp. 77 megalabiata Alex., n. sp. 139 Melanepalpus 74, 95 Melanophrys 120 metachrysea Druce 79 Metaplagia 101 Metavoria 101 Methypostena 102 meticulosalis Guen. 86 Metopia 116 Mexico, new Lepidoptera chiefly from, 79 Microphthalma 97 mima Towns., n. sp. 44 minimella Ely, n. sp. 58 minor Hood, n. sp. 7 Mintho 92 Minthoplagia 92 monetifera Dyar, n. sp. 81 monomania Dyar, n. sp. 85 Morellia 97 mortuorum L. 117 Musca 97, 115, 117 Muscoid flies from the Middle Atlantic States, new genera of, 97 Muscoid flies, polistiform genus of, 43 Muscoidea, acalyptrate genus of, 41 Muscoidea, nine new tropical American genera of, 91 Muscoidea, synonymical notes on, 115 mucidellum Rag. 88 Myiophasia 115, 121 Nearctic crane-flies in the United States National Museum, new, 127 Xeogymnomma 69 Neopasites 123, 124, 125, 126 Neophorichaeta 116 Neophyto 116 Neopollenia 115 Neothelaira 120 Nephelistis 80 nitens Coq. 119 noctuella Den. & Schiff. 86 nocturnalis Walt. 116 Nomophila 86 North American Hymenoptera, new, 107 notata Towns., n. sp. 76 oasis Dyar, n. sp. 84 obesus Hinds 14 ocellifera Alex., n. sp. 104 Ochromyia 115 Odontocyptera 94 Olceclostera 82 Ommatothrips 33 opaca Coq. 101 opaca Towns., n. sp. 100 Opsophasiops 115 orcina Wied. 47 orientalis Towns., n. sp. 101 Oroya Towns., n. sp. 45 ostryaella Chamb. 61 Oxynops 119 Pachyzancla 86 pallida Lw. 128 pallida Vill. 128 Palpostoma 115 Parabengalia 115 Paraphrissopoda 118 Parapyrellia 97 Peckia 118 pectinifer Hood, n. sp. 5 Perdita 108 perfurva Dyar, n. sp. 80 Perola 85 Peru, new Ceratopogoninje from, 109 Perua 98 Peruvian hystriciine flies, new, 69 phaeopteralis Guen. 86 Phantasiosiphona 93 Phasiostoma 93 Phassus 85 Phibalapteryx 83 Phileremus 123 Phlyctaenodes 86 phienicealis Hbn. 86 Phoenicoprocta 79 Phrissopodia 118 Physothrips 24 Phytomyptera 98, 99, 119 Pictoepalpus 71 Piletocera 87 Pionea 86 pleuraciculata Alex., n. sp. 130 plumipes Fab. 121, 122 plumitarsis Wulp 120 Polistiform genus of muscoid flies 43 Polistiopsis 43 Polistomyia 121, 122 politana Towns. 92 Polymera 106 popofifana Towns. 118 portoricensis Dyar, n. sp. 62 Porto Rico, two new crane-flies from, 104 pratti Ashm. 123, 124 Promusca 97 Pseudohystricia 95 Psychoda 112 pulchellus Cress. 123 pulchricornis Alex. 107 puna Towns., n. sp. 66 punctanum Wlsm. 54 pupula Hbn. 86 Pyralidae of Bermuda 86 Pyralis 88 Pyrausta 86, 87 Pyrellia 97 150 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MEJNSTRUUS Quadratosoma 74 quadristigmalis Guen. 86 quercinigrella Ely, n. sp. 60 quinquefasciatus Say 112 quinteri Towns., n. sp. 102 radiata l,w. 112 rafaeli Towns., n. sp. (Minthoplagia) rafaeli Towns., n. sp. (Siphosturmiop- sis) 91 reductor D. & K. 115 Rhachoepalpus 74 robertsoni Cwfd. 123, 124 robusta Towns. 103 Roeselia 84 Rolua 81 rostrata Coq. 91 rotundiloba Alex., n. sp. 132 ruber Towns., n. sp. 74, 75 rnbrum Towns., n. sp. 75 rufa Towns., n. sp. 70 ruficauda Wulp 91 russelli Hood, n. sp. 36 Sarcophaga 116, 117, 119 Sarcotachinella 116 satyr Alex., n. sp. 129 Saundersia 96 Saundersiops 76 scatophagina Thorns. 119 Schaumia 120 Schizotachina 119, 120 Scoparia 88 scopifer Macq. 46 scopifera Big. 47 scopipeda Rond. 47 semirufus Lw. 50 senega Alex., n. n. 128 serratus Towns., 119 setipennis Coq. 116 Shannon, R. C, article by, 144 shannoni Towns., n. sp. 98 signata Towns., n. sp. 94 similalis Guen. 86 similis Theob. 112 Simulium from Texas, new, 77 singularis Wied. 93 sinuata Meig. 116 Siphona 93 Siphosturmiopsis 91 Sorochemyia 45 Spallanzaniine flies, new Andean, 63 sphinx H. D. & K. 114 spiniceps Hood, n. sp. 12 stalagmites Alex., n. sp. 130 stevensi Cwfd., n. sp. 124, 125 Stomoxys 97 Stygeropis 128 stygia Fab. 115 Sufetula 86 sylvicola Knab, n. sp. 146 Syngamia 86 Syphosturmia 91 Tabanus 48 Tachina 93 Tachinomyia 103 Terastia 86 tergata Coq. 116 territans Coq. 114 tesellata Dyar, n. sp. 84 tessariae Hood, n. sp. 31 tesselata Lw. 128 tesselata Vill. 128 testacea R. D. 115 i texanus Cwfd., n. sp. 124, 126 Texas, new Simulium from, 77 texensis Towns. 118 thera Druce 79 Thereva 121, 122 thoracica Schaus 79 Thrips 25 Thysanoptera, descriptions of new American, 1 Tipula 127, 128, 129 tipuhformis Walk. 119 Torynotachina 102 Townsend, C. H. T., articles by, 41, 43, 45, 63, 69, 91, 97, 115 townsendi Knab, n. sp. 111 Tricharcea 119 Trichocalliphora 115 Trichodejeania 120 Trichiopoda Latr. 121, 122 Tricogena 116 trifasciata I^w. 122 trifasciata Rod. 105 tropica Towns., n. sp. 93 truncaticornis Wulp 96 tympanona Hood, n. sp. 21 ultima Alex., n. n. 128 umbrata Schaus 80 umbratula Dyar, n. sp. 80 undalis Fab. 86 unimicra Alex., n. sp. 128 Uruhuasia 70, 71 Uruhuasiopsis 70 utae Knab, n. sp. 109 vacciniella Ely, n. sp. 52 vacillans Walk. 79 variabilis Coq. 121 versicolor Gmel. 128 versicolor Lw. 128 vestis Hood, n. sp. 15 vexatrix O. S. 120 Vibrissoepalpus 73 Vibrissomyia 73 villosa R. D. 115 violacea Fab. 97 vitinervis Thomps. 119, 121 Voria 93 West Indian Diptera 46 wiUiamsi Hood, ri. sp. 19 winnemana Alex., n. sp. 136 zachrysa Meyr. 42 Zinckenia 86 Zygobothria 120 Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus A monthly journal of Entomology. Edited by Harrison G. Dyar and Frederick Knab. Price, $2 a year in advance. Volume IV will appear during 1916. The subscription price, $2, should be sent to Harrison G. Dyar, 804 B Street SW., Washington, D. C. The volume will be sent only to those whose subscriptions have been received. Contents of Vol. Ill, Nos. 11-12, November-December, 1915 Page New Nearctic Crane-flies in the United States National Museum. By Charles P. Alexander 127 Two New Species of Coleophora. By Carl Heinrich 143 A New Elastern Brachyopa. By Raymond C. Shannon . . . .144 A New American Fruit-fly. By Frederick Knab 146 Index to Volume III 147 STANLEY SEARLES, PRINTER, 19 RANDOLPH PLACE N.W. / INSECUTOR INSCITi:^ MENSTRUUS J MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY Vol. IV JANUARY-MARCH. 1916 Nos. 1-3 CONDUCTED BY HARRISON G. DYAR, WASHINGTON. D. C. / ZAn^i nsecutor Inscitiae Menstruus Vol. IV JANUARY-MARCH. 1916 Nos. 1-3 FOUR EUROPEAN DIPTERA ESTABLISHED IN NORTH AMERICA BY FREDERICK KNAB The following species of European Diptera appear to be unrecorded for North America, although they are well estab- lished and common under suitable conditions. All of them may be confidently considered introduced species rather than members of the holarctic series. Pegomyia hyoscyami Panzer. Numerous specimens of this species, reared from a number of different food plants, were submitted to the writer for identification by Mr. E. N. Cory, of the Maryland Agricultural College. As this species had not been previously recorded from America, and no European specimens were available for comparison, a male and female were sent to Dr. J. Villeneuve, the well-known French specialist in Cyclorhapha. He con- firmed the determination, writing under date of June 15, 1915 : "In my opinion it is surely Pegomyia hyoscyami that you have sent. I have carefully compared your specimens with those in my collection and I do not find any difference whatever." Further investigation tends to show that Pegomyia vidua Lintner is a synonym of hyoscyami. Specimens determined by the late D. W. Coquillett as vicina are certainly identical, and there is every reason to believe that Lintner had before him the same species. Lintner sent specimens to Meade in England for identification, who pronounced them a species distinct from het<2 Curtis (now recognized as a mere color-variety of hyoscyami), although closely related. Meade's opinion ap- I 2 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS pears to have been based upon differences in coloring, princi- pally of the legs, which have since been shown to occur in the one species. Pegomyia hyoscyami appears to be widely distributed in North America. In the East it occurs at least as far south as the city of Washington ; in the West it ranges well down into southern California, occurring probably wherever the sugar beet is cultivated. Western specimens are before me from Colorado, San Mateo County, California, Monterey, California, and Oxnard, Ventura County, California. Hydrotaea meteorica Linne. A series of this species, taken in Montana, was sent for identification in 1914 by Prof. R. A. Cooley. The specimens agree closely with European specimens from the vicinity of Berlin and with others of uncertain age from Colorado, de- termined by Coquillett as this species. Recently specimens have come to hand taken by Prof. W. B. Bell at Neche, North Dakota, August 10, 1915. Professor Cooley stated that in Montana the species is abundant and troublesome to cattle. Little appears to have been published concerning its habits. Linnaeus noted, in con- nection with the original description, that the flies swarm about the mouths of horses just before a storm and the specific name was evidently given in allusion to this habit. De Geer de- scribed the fly as Musca vaccarum and has the following ob- servation on the habits : "These little flies, which are of the size and figure of small house-flies, would not merit being distinguished from the many other species which also partake of sombre colors, black or brown, if one did not see them fly in such large numbers in the month of July and if they were not so annoying to men and beasts. It is they which then flutter in great swarms about the heads of horses and horned cattle, seeking ceaselessly to enter their eyes and ears, to nourish themselves with the moisture found there, in such fashion that they torment them continuously without allowing them the least repose. Persons INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 3 are no more protected from their obstinate pursuit. They fly continually around the head, doing all possible to enter the eyes, in such manner that these pitiless flies disturb equally the pleasures of the promenader in the woods and fields." Leptocera sylvatica Meigen. A specimen of this European borborid was submitted for determination by R. H. Hutchison. It was taken at Arlington, Virginia, October 11, 1914, on a compost heap. The specimen agrees in every detail with one collected in London, England, by E. Brunetti. Lynchia maura Bigot. This hippoboscid is a common parasite of the domestic pigeon in the Mediterranean region. Specimens taken from domestic pigeons at Key West, Florida, were forwarded to the Bureau of Entomology for determination by Dr. J. Y. Porter in February, 1915. Attention had been attracted to the parasites by the occurrence of a fatal disease among the pigeons. A specimen was sent to Prof. Dr. Bezzi, of Turin, who confirmed the determination of the writer. It appears that this species is widely distributed in America, although still unrecorded for the northern continent. The late D. W. Coquillett had determined the species as "Lynchia brunnea Oliv.," and in consequence the species figures in the Brazilian literature under this name According to Speiser, our best student of the Hippoboscidse, Olivier's Ornithomyia brunnea is unrecognizable. Specimens of Lynchia maura in the national collection show the following records, in addition to the one from Key West already mentioned : Ames, Iowa ; Savannah, Georgia, 28 Sept. 1896, on pigeon (W. Duncan) ; Havana, Cuba, on pigeon (J. R. Taylor) ; Ceara, Brazil, 1904 (F. D. da Rocha) ; S. Paulo, Brazil, on pigeon (A. Lutz) ; Campinas, Brazil, on domestic pigeon (A. Hempel). Dr. R. Gonzalez Rincones informs me that the species is an abundant parasite of the domestic pigeon at Caracas, Venezuela. Recently this species has made its appearance in the Hawaiian Islands. According to Mr. O. H. Swezey, from whom I have 4 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS received specimens, it was first noted in Honolulu on domestic pigeons in October, 1910 (Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc, vol. 2, 1912, p. 188). Mr. E. M. Ehrhorn reported that the species had become very common on the pigeons in Honolulu by De- cember. 1911 (1. c, p. 206). DESIGNATIONS OF MUSCOID GENOTYPES, WITH NEW GENERA AND SPECIES BY CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND The writer has recently completed a critical catalogue of all the generic names that have been proposed in the Muscoidea, embracing the world's fauna, recent and fossil, with validly designated genotype for each. Although the subject has been fully elaborated to include, among other things, the actual sense of the authors concerned so far as possible to determine same, ascertained at a cost of great labor, especially translating Brauer and Bergenstamm's sense throughout, and would thus be very useful for reference, yet its publication at this time would avail comparatively little else on account of the large number of nomenclatorial cases involved for which there are as yet no rules or decisions of the International Commission to cover, and which must be left open for future ruling. The designations of genotypes for those genera with status as yet unsettled will occupy but little space ; they are given in the present paper, together with a few new genera and species that are necessary in order to validate certain designations and establish the sense of authors concerned. The great majority of muscoid genera are monobasic, and a very large part of the remainder already possess validly designated genotypes. Less than 140 muscoid generic names remain without designations or with designations whose validity is at all doubtful. The writer has personally verified all the genotype designations of Latreille (1810), Curtis (1826-38), Macquart (1834-43), Westwood (1840), Blanch- ard (1840), Zetterstedt (1844), Rondani (1856), Desvoidy (1863), Brauer and Bergenstamm (1889-94), Brauer (1893), INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 5 Townsend (1908-15), and Coquillett (1910). A designation has been considered invalid, or at least doubtful, (a) when no originally included specific name is used to designate the geno- type, unless the name used is indicated in the context as equal to one of the originally included names; (•&) when two or more of the originally included specific names are so used, or indicated in the context as equal to the name used. When a designation of a previous author by a name not originally included is quoted in a purported list of genotypes, and one of the originally included names is mentioned as synonymous with that name, the quoting author, though not specifically stating his intention to make a genotype designa- tion, may reasonably be considered as doing so ; yet, since some doubt may arise on this point, I have repeated the desig- nations below in such cases. As to Brauer and Bergenstamm's designations, the writer holds that they are valid when not conflicting with the estab- lished procedure (vide Ins. Ins. Mens., Ill, 121-123) ; but, pending decision by the International Commission on this point, their designations are here repeated in cases not other- wise covered, in order to secure immediate finality for the same. In this connection, Coquillett has quoted a few of Brauer and Bergenstamm's designations because they used the word "Type" in connection with an originally included species, not understanding that in nearly all cases holotype (or para- type) was meant by them, as is evident from the context and the statements made by them in their introduction. Designations In order to economize space, only the essentials are given in the following list of genotype designations, the names of the authors of genera and species being intelligibly abbreviated, and the word genotype being understood to precede the species designated. No synonymy is indicated, either generic or spe- cific. This is all recorded in the literature, so far as deter- mined. A few cases are covered by new specific names at the end. The sense of previous authors is preserved so far as INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS possible, giving preference to that of Brauer and Bergen- stamm. Those genera marked with an asterisk are considered in the notes at the end. Acrophaga BB (1891) Acrophaga stelviana BB. Agria RD (1830) Agria punctata RD. Alophora RD (1830) Phasia hem- iptera Mg. Ananta Mg. (1838) Phasia lat- eralis Mg. Aplomya RD (1830) Aplomya nitens RD.* Araba RD (1830) Tachina fastu- osa Mg. Argyrella RD (1863) Argyrella dissimilis RD. Bengalia RD (1830) Bengalia labiata RD. Blissonia RD (1863) Blissonia C3esia RD. Blondelia RD (1830) Blondelia pallidipalpis RD. Bonellia RD (1830) Bonellia tes- sellans RD. Bonnetia RD (1830) Bonnetia oenanthis RD. Calcager Hutton (1901) Calcager apertum Htt. Callitroga Brauer (1883) Musca dux Eschsch.''' Calyptia RD (1863) Calyptia car- celi RD.* Carcelia RD (1830) Carcelia bom- bylans RD. Cerosomyia Htt. (1901) Mono- basic* Chsetophthalmus BB (1891) Mi- cropalpus brevigaster Mcq. Chsetostevenia Br. (1895) Stev- enia partenopea Rdi. Choeromyia Roub. (1911) Chcero- myia choerophaga Roub. Chrysomya RD (1830) Chrysomya regalis RD. Clytho RD (1830) Clytho auru- lenta RD. Comyops Wulp (ISQl) ComyopS nigripennis Wp. Cosmina RD (1830) Cosmina fuscipennis RD. Craticula Pand. (1895) Craticula frontale Pd. Ctenocnemis Kowarz (1873) Ma- sicera major Mcq. Ctenophorocera BB (1891) Cteno- phorocera experta BB. Cylindrosoma Rdi. (1856) Mono- basic* Cytoria RD (1863) Nyctia ser- villei RD. Dasyphora RD (1830) Dasyphora agilis RD. Dexia Mg. (1826) Musca volvulus F.* Dinera RD (1830) Dinera grisea RD. Disjunctio Pd. (1894-6) Sarco- phaga tetripunctata Duf. Duponchelia RD (1863) Duponch- elia silvestris RD. Elachipalpus Rdi. (1850) Mono- basic* Elomya RD (1830) Elomya clari- pennis RD. Elophoria RD (1830) Elophoria myoidea RD. Empheremyia Bisch. (1904) Em- pheremsria atra Bsch. Entomobia Lioy (1864) Tachina festiva Mg. Epineura BB (1891) Phasia helva Wd. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Erycia RD (1830) Erycia grisea RD. Estheria RD (1830) Estheria im- peratoriae RD. Etheria RD (1863) Etheria pedi- cellata RD. Eugenia RD (1863) Eugenia fu- gax RD. Euphoria RD (1863) Euphoria nitidula RD. Eurychaeta BB (1891) Mono- basic* Fausta RD (1830) Fausta nigra RD. Feria RD (1830) Feria rubescens RD. Gesneria RD (1830) Gesneria er5^hrocera RD. Gesneriella Villve. (1912) Ges- neriella unicolor Vve. Glossidionophora Bgt. (18 8 5) Glossidionophora nigra Bgt. Gymnodexia BB (1891) Dexia triangulifera Ztt. Gymnostylia Mcq. (1835) Macro- mya depressa RD. Halidaya Egg. (1856) Halidaya aurea Egg. Harrisia RD (1830) Harrisia scutellaris RD. Harrisia Mg. (1838) Tachina aenea Mg, Hermya RD (1830) Hermya afra RD.* Himera RD (1863) Himera scu- tellaris RD. Homodexia Bgt. (1885) Homo- dexia obscuripennis Bgt. Homogenia Wp. (1893) Homo- genia rufipes Wp. Icelia RD (1830) Icelia flavescens RD. Idia Wd. (1820) Musca lunata F. Illigeria RD (1830) Illigeria atra RD. Ismenia RD (1863) Erycia villica RD. Javetia RD (1863) Macquartia germanica RD. Kirkia Gdlst. (1914) Kirkia blanchardi Gdlst. Labidogyne BB (1889) Tachina forcipata Mg. Leptotachina BB (1891) Mono- basic* Leschenaultia RD (1830) Lesch- enaultia cilipes RD. Lilaea RD (1863) Lilaea aurozo- nata RD. Lissoglossa VUve. (1913) be- quaerti Vve. Macquartia RD (1830) Macquar- tia rubripes RD.* Macromya RD (1830) Macromya depressa RD. Marshamia RD (1830) Marshamia analis RD. Marsilia Moncx. (1863) Onesia floralis RD.* Marsillia Rdi. (1861) Marsillia collina Rdi. Megistogaster Mcq. (1851) Me- gistogaster fuscipennis Mcq. Melinda RD (1830) Melinda cae- rulea RD. Metallea Wp. (1880) Metallea notata Wp. Metopodia BB (1891) Milto- gramma grisea Mg. Micropalpus Mcq. (1834) Bon- netia cenanthis RD. Mintho RD (1830) Musca com- pressa F. Minthodexia BB (1891) Mintho- dexia gravipes BB. Mollia RD (1863) Mollia obscu- rella RD. 8 INSECUTOR INSaTI^ MENSTRUUS Morellia RD (1830) Morellia agilis RD. Mormonomyia BB (1891) Mor- monom3na laniventris BB. Myiophasia BB (1891) Mono- basic* Myobia RD (1830) Myobia fra- gilis RD. Myocera RD (1830) Myocera longipes RD. Nemoraea RD (1830) Nemoraea bombylans RD. Neocalliphora BB (1891) Calli- phora ochracea Sch. Neomintho BB (1891) Tachina macilenta Wd. Nyctia RD (1830) Nyctia carceli RD. Occisor Htt. (1901) Occisor in- scitus Htt. Oestroides Gdlst. (1912) Oestrus macdonaldi Gdlst. Omalogaster Mcq. (1834) Billaea grisea RD. Omalostoma Rdi. (1862) Omalos- toma fortis Rdi. Omotoma Lioy (1864) Tachina amcEna Mg. Onesia RD (1830) Onesia floralis RD. Opesia RD (1863) Opesia gagatea RD. Ophelia RD (1830) Ophelia gra- cilis RD. Orizia RD (1863) Orizia con- juncta RD. Orthellia RD (1863) Orthellia rectinervis RD. Pachygraphia BB (1891) Dexia virgata Wd. Pachymyia Mcq. (1843) Mono- basic* Pales RD (1830) Pales florea RD. Parachsta Cqt. (1897) Mono- basic* Paralucilia BB (1891) Mono- basic* Peremptor Htt. (1901) Peremptor egmonti Htt. Pexomyia BB (1891) Masicera rubifrons Perr. Phaenicia RD (1863) Phaenicia concinna RD. Phryno RD (1830) Phryno agilis RD. Phumosia RD (1830) Phumosia abdominalis RD. Phyto RD (1830) Phyto nigra RD. Pierretia RD (1863) Pierretia prsecox RD. Podotachina BB (1891) Tachina sorbillans Wd. Pcecilometopa Vllve. (1913) Sar- cophaga spilogaster Wd. Proscissio Htt. (1901) Proscissio montana Htt Ptilocera RD (1830) Ptilocera palpalis RD. Ptilops Rdi. (1857) Ptilops ado- lescens Rdi. Pyrellia RD (1830) Pyrellia vivida RD. Rhamphina Mcq. (1835) Sto- moxys pedemontana Mg. Rhinophora RD (1830) Rhino- phora gagatea RD. Roeselia RD (1830) Roeselia arvensis RD. Rutilia RD (1830) Rutilia vivi- para RD. Scotiptera Mcq. (1835) Sophia punctata RD. Senometopia Mcq. (1834) Car- celia aurifrons RD. Sepimentum Htt. (1901) Sepi- mentum fumosum Htt. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 9 Sericocera Mcq. (1834) Musca volvulus F. Silbomyia Mcq. (1843) Musca fuscipennis F. Solieria RD (1848) Solieria brun- nicosa RD. Sophia RD (1830) Sophia filipes RD. Spathipalpus Rdi. (1863) Spathi- palpus philippii Rdi. Sphixapata Rdi. (1859) Sphix- apata albifrons Rdi. Sphora RD (1830) Sphora nigri- cans RD. Syntomogaster Sch. (1861) Ta- china singularis Egg. Telothyria Wp. (1890) Telothyria cupreiventris Wp. Thelaira RD (1830) Thelaira ab- dominalis RD. Thelairodes Wp. (1891) Homo- dexia vittigera BgL Thelesina Moncx. (1863) Onesia floralis RD.* Theone RD (1863) Theone tri- faria RD. Thereuops BB (1891) Milto- gramma brevipennis Sch. Trichodischia Bgt. (1885) Tricho- dischia soror Bgt. Tripanurga BB (1891) Sarco- phaga albicans Wd. Tryphera Mg. (1838) Tachina lugubris Mg. Urophylla BB (1889) Urophylla leptotrichopa BB. Velocia RD (1863) Velocia cur- soria RD. Walkeria RD (1863) Walkeria lauta RD. Zaida RD (1830) Zaida agilis RD. Zophomyia Mcq. (1835) Musca temula Scop. Notes, New Names and New Genera Aplomya RD. — Desvoidy's designation is invalid as not originally included, being Phryxe sonata, Myod., 159 (not Aplomya sonata, Myod., 185). Callitroga Br. — On page 645, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., V, the writer stated that the publication of this name did not validate it for use, since it was cited in synonymy. It has nomenclatorial standing, but was published as a synonym of Compsomyia minus the Calliphora element. As such, it takes same genotype as Compsomyia thus restricted. Calyptia RD. — This genus is not to be confused with Calyptidia RD, misspelled on page 59, vol. II, Posth., and cor- rected in the errata at end of volume. Cerosomyia Htt. — The holotype of C. usitata seems to be a fly whose ptilinum has dried while exserted. It may easily prove to be a previously described species. Cylindrosoma Rdi. — Genotype, Cylindromyiopsis bEzzii Townsend, new name for Tachina sanguinea Rdi. (nee Mg.) 10 INSECUTOR INSaTl^ MENSTRUUS preocc, 1856, Prod. I, 79. Named in honor of Dr. M. Bezzi. Dexia Mg.— Designation by Westwood, Intr. II, 139. BB's sense is Dexilla Westw. Introduced to point out Coquillett's misconstruction of Westwood. Changes the family name Minthoidae to Dexiidae. Elachipalpus Rdi. — Genotype, EIvAChipalpus rondanii Townsend, new name for Micropalpus longirostris Rdi. (nee Mcq.) preocc, 1850, N. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna (3), II, 169. Named in honor of Camillo Rondani. It is to be noted that this species and the second preceding, also many others, will stand as genotypes only in case the sense of the author of the genus is adopted. Eurychasta BB. — The publication of this MSS. name (Muse. Schiz. II, 63) as equal to Theria RD not only gave it nomen- clatorial standing, according to Opinion 4 of the International Commission, but also validated it for use in place of the pre- occupied Theria RD, whose genotype it takes. Hermya RD. — According -to the sense of Opinion 6 of the International Commission, Brauer and Bergenstamm fixed Hermya afra as the genotype of Hermya by erecting Para- phania (1889) for Ocyptcra diabolus Wd., of which Hermya hottentota RD (the only remaining originally included species) is a synonym. The literal construction of the opinion may not accord. Leptotachina BB. — Genotype, Leptotachina braueri Townsend, new name for Tachina gratiosa BB (nee. Mg.) preocc, 1891, Muse Schiz. II, 26. Named in honor of Fried- rich Brauer. Macquartia RD. — Rondani's designation (1856) of chal- conota is invalid since he mentioned no originally included name. Coquillett's designation (1910) by quotation is at once excluded by his mention of two originally included names. The genotype designated in the present paper accords with Brauer and Bergenstamm's sense. Marsilia Monceaux. — This MSS. name, first published in footnote to page 535, vol. II, Posth., can not be accredited to Desvoidy but only to Monceaux, since the footnote was writ- INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 11 ten by the editor of the work. Being pubHshed as equal to an indeterminate part of Onesia RD, it must take same genotype. Myiophasia BB. — Genotype, Myiophasia austraus Town- send, new name for Tachina anea Wd. (nee Mg.) preocc, 1830, Auss. Zweifl. Ins. II, 298. Pachymyia Mcq. — Genotype, Pachymyia macquartii Townsend, new name for Stomoxys vexans Mcq. (nee Wd.) preocc, 1843, Dipt. Exot. II (3), 372, pi. 14, f. 3. Named in honor of Jean Macquart. Brauer and Bergenstamm examined the holotype of Stomoxys vexans Wd. and state that it is not Macquart's species. Parachseta Coq. — Genotype, Parach^ta fusca Townsend, new name for Blepharipeza bicolor Coq. (nee Mcq.) preocc, 1897, Rev. Tach. 123 ; equals Blepharipeza inermis Coq. (nee Bigot), 1897, 1. c, and 1910, Proc U. S. Nat. Mus., XXXVII, 583. Holotype, No. 20107, U. S. Nat. Mus., male, labeled "N. Y." and bearing Coquillett's label "Parachaeta inermis Bigot." Does not agree at all with Bigot's description. Paralucilia BB. — Genotype, Paralucilia braueri Town- send, new name for Calliphora fulvipes BB (nee Mcq.) preocc, 1891, Muse Schiz. II, 87. Named in honor of Brauer, who has explained (Sitz. Ak. Wiss. CIV, 599) how the misidenti- fication occurred. The holotype is a female on same pin with a male of Calliphora fulvipes Mcq., in the Vienna Museum. The statement on page 645, Joum. Wash. Acad. Sci., V, needs revision. Thelesina Monceaux. — What is said above under Marsilia Monceaux applies here word for word. Chrysosomopsis, new genus. Genotype, Tachina aurata Fall., 1820, Dipt. Suec. Muse 25, 52. — Europe. This is Brauer and Bergenstamm's sense of Chrysosoma, fig. 251 (1889). For characters, see Muse Schiz. I, 66. Discochaetopsis, new genus. Genotype, Discochceta incana BB., 1891, Muse Schiz. II, 51 ; and 1893, Ibid. Ill, 63.— Austria. This is Brauer and Ber- 12 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS genstamm's sense of Discochcota p. p. (1891-93, not 1889): For characters, see BB., 1. c. Eumedoria, new genus. Genotype, Tachina digramma Mg., 1824, S. B. IV, 346. — Europe. This is Brauer and Bergenstamm's sense of Medoria; also Meigen's sense S. B. VII, 203, sect, b, p. p. (not Desvoidy's sense). For characters, see BB., Muse. Schiz. I, 41; III, 78. Euphania, new genus. Genotype, Phania vittata Mg., 1824, S. B. IV, 219.— Europe. — This is Brauer and Bergenstamm's sense of Phania, fig. 291 (1889). For characters, see BB., Muse. Schiz. I, 75. Hineomyia, new name. Genotype, Nemorcua setigera Coq. Proposed in place of Hinea Townsend, January, 1916, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XLIX, 629, preocc. by Adams, 1905, in Tabanidae. Prohypostena, new genus. Genotype, Prohypostena braueri Townsend, new name for Tachina procera Rdi. (nee Mg.) preocc, 1859, Prod. IV, 84. — Europe. Named in honor of Brauer. This is Brauer and Bergenstamm's sense of Hypostena, fig. 100 (1889) ; also Ron- dani's and Macquart's sense. For characters, see BB., Muse. Schiz. I, 37 ; III, 63. NOTES ON THE LIFE HISTORY OF ECPAN- THERIA ERIDANUS CRAMER BY R. H. VAN ZWALENBURG This arctiid is fairly common throughout the island of Porto Rico and has a wide variety of host plants. Food plants on which the larva has been taken are: orange, Erythrina mi- cropteryx ("bucare," "madre de cacao"), Ipomcea sp., vanilla, banana, Cissus (?) sicyoides and Panicum sp. At the experi- ment station the larvse have done some damage by feeding on the blossom-buds of vanilla. "Malojilla" grass (Panicum INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 13 sp.) is probably only an accidental food plant, for larvse in cages at once deserted it for orange foliage. It is of interest to note that the synonymy of Ecpantheria eridanus Cram, and E. icasia Cr. has been substantiated by breeding both forms from the same egg cluster at Mayaguez. Dr. H. G. Dyar had previously expressed the opinion to the late Dr. C. W. Hooker of the Mayaguez Station that the two species were the two sexes of one insect, eridanus being known only in the female and icasia only in the male form. Fabricius in 1798 (?) described the synonymous Ecpantheria lantana, but whether from male or female the writer does not know. Description of Adult Male. — Antennae with short serrations formed by slightly curved bars attached transversely by their centers to the under- side of the flagellum. The ends of these serrations with a clothing of fine white pile which is more dense on the ends farther from the body. Face brown irregularly marked with white; eyes black. A pair of steel blue circular markings on the rear of the thorax, dorsal. Abdomen with long white hairs on first segment and on dorsum of second segment ; other abdominal segments on dorsum and sides vary- ing in color from light orange to reddish-brown; usually a pair of subdorsal transverse black lines on all segments but the first two. Clothing of white hairs on lower part of last segment. Ventral coloration generally white, with occasional orange on abdominal segments. Femora white edged with steel-blue ; tarsi steel-blue to brown. Primaries white with five irregularly curving rows of dark brown loops running transversely across the wing and vary- ing considerably in position. Generally these rows are ap- proximately equidistant, the first row always near the base of the wing. Often, however, the other four may be crowded on the apical two-thirds of the wing. Hind wings white with two, and sometimes three, rows of fuscous spots running backward from the costa for a short distance. Anal angle of the secondaries drawn out, and bearing a fuscous spot 14 INSECUTOR INSCITIJE MENSTRUUS which may vary to a streak more or less broken, running from the anal angle for some millimeters toward the humeral angle. In both wings the markings of the upper surface are dupli- cated beneath. Expanse of primaries 47-52 mm. Note. — Since writing the following paragraph a female has been bred bearing rows of fuscous loops on primaries and secondaries situated as in the male. These loops are pale brown in color. Female. — Antennae filiform, covered on dorsal surface with white scales. Eyes black, entire head and thorax white. Ab- domen white beneath; dorsum from yellow to red-brown, ex- cept first segment, which is covered with long white hairs as is the thorax. Small patch of white on center of dorsum of second abdominal segment. Succeeding segments with a pair of short subdorsal transverse white lines, except last seg- ment which is entirely white but for yellow or red-brown lat- erals. Legs entirely white except claws. Wings white with- out any markings above or beneath ; rub very easily, the prin- cipal light brown veins often showing rather conspicuously. The primaries in proportion to the size of the secondaries are somewhat longer than in the male. Expanse of primaries, 55-73 mm. Descriptions of Immature Stages Egg. — The egg is subspherical, being slightly flattened on side of attachment. The shell is covered with fine, irregular reticulations and the color, when the egg is first laid, is greenish yellow with a pearly irridescence. Color changes to steel gray shortly before hatching. Size, about 0.50-0.75 mm. in diame- ter, slightly less in height. Larval Stage I. — Head, lemon-yellow, width about 0.25 mm. ; clypeus rather narrow ; setae light brown, ocelli black. Body subcylindrical, colored as follows: Thoracic segments orange, first two abdominal segments reddish-brown ; third and fourth, orange; fifth, six, and seventh, reddish-brown; eighth and ninth, orange to yellow. All dorsal and dorsolateral hairs black and plumose; sublateral hairs white and plumose; all hairs long. Thoracic legs and prolegs pale yellow. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 15 Stage II. — Head bilobed, yellow, width about 0.50 mm. ; ocelli black. Body subcylindrical, general color "chrome orange" ; warts "chrome orange" on all segments except on the first two abdominal, and on the fifth, sixth, and seventh abdominal, where they are a dark brown. Black hairs in this instar more prominent than the white ones. Stage III. — Head bilobed, orange, width about 0.80 mm. General body color "burnt sienna" with warts of same color on thoracic segments and on abdominal segments 3 and 4, and 8 and 9. On the other segments the tubercles are black. Body densely clothed with black hairs except on third and fourth abdominal segments, which bear light brown hairs arising from the dorsal tubercles. A few short inconspicuous white hairs arise from the dorsal and lateral warts, excepting on the black- tubercled segments. Stage IV. — Head reddish brown, width about 1.25 mm. Clothing of thoracic segments, reddish brown ; of abdominal segments 1-7, inclusive, black, except for light brown arising from dorsal warts on abdominal segments 3 and 4. Last two abdominal segments clothed with reddish-brown hair. Stage V. — Head dark reddish brown, width about 1.5 mm. First two abdominal segments brown, with darker coloring around the bases of the warts. Hairs all black except those arising from the dorsal and subdorsal warts of abdominal seg- ments 3 and 4. Tubercles of last two segments, yellowish brown. Stage VI. — Head broader than high, "Indian red," width about 2.25 mm. A distinct inverted "Y" in pink on the face, clypeus small. Cephalic hairs coarse and light brown. Body black, tubercles "Indian red," all hairs black except a few dark-brown ones on the thoracic segments. A rather conspicu- ous lemon-yellow spiracle surrounded by a black ring on all segments but the last two thoracic and the last abdominal. Thoracic legs reddish brown, prolegs dark. Stage VII. — No noticeable difference between this and pre- vious instar. Width of head about 2.75 mm. Stage F///.— Width of head about 3.8 mm. Out of 15 maturing larvae only three reached this instar. 16 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Pupa. — The pupa is formed in a loose tough web of brown silk in which the larva molts for the last time, partially throw- ing the cast skin off the pupa. Rounded, elliptical, obtected; dark mahogany brown. Cremaster consisting of a group of short hairs each bearing a knob of spines at its tip. Female pupa 23 mm. long, 9 mm, broad, 14 inm. from tip of head to end of wing cases; male pupa somewhat smaller. (Color names are according to Smith's Glossary.) Life History and Habits The laying of an egg cluster may take considerable time. An adult female taken laying on orange in the field was ob- served 45 hours later to be still laying, and the number of eggs in the cluster was then about three times as large as when the insect was first observed. The eggs are piled in a large ir- regular cluster on the upper leaf-surface. Unfertilized females in captivity have each laid over 500 sterile eggs, beginning oviposition within 24 hours of emergence. In the case of fertilized females oviposition began about two days after emergence. Once the larvae began to emerge it required about three days for all the eggs to hatch. The egg stage varies from six to eight days. The young larva eats a portion of its shell and after a short time begins feeding, usually on the under leaf-surface. Dur- ing the first two instars the larva does not bite through the upper leaf tissue ; when disturbed it rolls itself into a ball and drops on a silk thread. From the fourth instar on, the larva is very active and a voracious eater. The instar of 15 larvae averaged as follows : First instar, 6 -\- days. Variations, 5-8 days. Second instar, 3.5 days. Variations, 3-8 days. Third instar, 4 -|- days. Variation, 3-6 days. Fourth instar, 4 -f- days. Variation, 3-5 days. Fifth instar, 7 days. Variation, 4-17 days. Sixth instar, 9 -|- days. Variation, 6-18 days. Some larvae had one, and a few even two, molts after the sixth instar. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 17 When ready to pupate the larva spins up a cluster of leaves, or a roll, if on banana, and spins a loose, tough web of brown silk, within which it undergoes its last molt. Males averaged 18.5 days for the pupa stage with a variation of 17-20 days ; females averaged 16.5 days with a variation of 15-18 days. Enemies The Ichneumon Eremotylus angtdatus Hooker is a parasite of the larva. Dead larvae are often found with a strong growth of what is apparently a species of Empusa. ELUCIDATIONS OF NEW ENGLAND MUSCOIDEA BY CHARLES H. T. TOWNSEND Certain forms that have been confused specifically, or wrongly referred generically, are elucidated in this paper. Various other forms, believed to be undescribed, are added. External adult-character descriptions are included of several forms that have thus far stood on reproductive and early-stage characters only. Family CALIRRHOID^ Ochrocera, new genus. Genotype, Ochrocera vaginalis Townsend, new species. Allied to Arctophyto, from which it differs as follows: Female. All the macrochastse strong, body not hairy ; no facial carina, the antennae not widely separated; frontal bristles closely placed, about 10 on each side ; front more produced, the parafacials broader; cheeks about three-fifths of eye- height ; three proclinate f ronto-orbitals ; two or three extra pairs of ocellars, shorter than front pair; palpi well dilated at tip; cubitus rectangular, with a strong stump; abdomen scarcely widened, with strong erect discals and marginals, including median marginal pair on first segment, otherwise with only short appressed microchaetae and no hairs. Bears a strong resemblance to Paramacronyhia, from which it may be dis- tinquished by the bare parafacials and the discal abdominal macrochaetae. 18 INSKCUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Ochrocera vaginalis, new species. Length of body, 11 to 11. o mm. ; of wing, 9.5 mm. Two females, Base Station, Mount Washington, New Hampshire, August 27 and 31, 1914, on flowers of Solidago canadensis (Townsend). Black, rather shining. Third antennal joint and tips of palpi ocherous or clear light orange; the first two antennal joints, arista, and rest of palpi rufotestaceous. Frontalia black, cheek grooves brown ; rest of head silvery-white, shading to blackish with incidence of light, leaving a rectangular dark patch on parafacials in direct view and the posterior half of pa^afrontals dark except the inner edge. Thorax and scutel- lum silvery, with three heavy equal uninterrupted black vittae. Abdomen silvery submarmorate, shining, the only tangible marking being a more or less defined median vitta. liegs black. Wings clear. Tegulae white. Holotype, No. 19595, U. S. Nat. Mus. Paratype, TD4333. Family SARCOPHAGID^ Protodexia Townsend. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. IV, 139, 151 (June, 1911)— As TD354, without name. Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. XX, 117-118 (June, 1912). Genotype, Protodexia synthetica Townsend, 1912, 1. c. DiflFers from Ravinia as follows : Female. Front equilateral, hardly over two-sevenths of head- width ; frontalia a little nar- rower than one parafrontal, very slightly narrowing posteriorly to divergence at ocellar area; two proclinate fronto-orbitals, one reclinate behind and in line with them; anterior pair of frontals slightly diverging from line of others. Parafacials very narrow, distinctly narrower than length of second anten- nal joint, with irregular row of fine hairs. Cheek grooves sub- triangular, well impressed, the upper and outer angles sharply pointed and elongate; cheeks much narrower, distinctly less than half eye-height. Face widens abruptly and rapidly from front, distance between lower ends of eyes being more than twice frontal width. Facial depression very rounded, widened . INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 19 below, but little higher than broad, the outer bowed edge of facialia with minute bristles half way up ; vibrissae inserted distinctly above the oral margin, the epistoma appreciably con- stricted by the vibrissal angles. Third antennal joint about twice the length of the rather elongate second. Only three postsuturals, only two preacrostichals and one postacrostichal ; three sternopleurals ; second abdominal segment with closely- set marginal row of short appressed bristles, third segment with marginal row of erect short ones, anal segment with only row of erect short microchaetae representing the usual marginal bristles. Front tarsi slender; the front claws much shorter, weaker and more curved than the others. Third vein with four or five bristles at base reaching nearly halfway to small cross- vein, strongly bowed upward on distal half. Protodcxia synthctica Townsend. Length of body, 6 mm.; of wing, 4.75 mm. One female, Melrose Highlands, Massachusetts, August 14, 1908 (D. H. demons). Blackish, pale golden pollinose all over, the parafrontals and para facials more deeply golden, the occiput ashy. Three fairly distinct vittae extending over thorax and abdomen. Legs thickly pollinose, except tarsi which are deep black. Wings clear. Tegulae whitish, with yellowish margins. Palpi and most of antennae light rufous. Frontalia brown. Holotype, No. 19476, U. S. Nat. Mus. TD354. Eubrachycoma, new genus. Genotype, Brachycoma apicalis Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach. 13L Differs from Brachicoma as follows: Male. Parafacials finely hairy, the hairs not disposed in rows. Palpi not appre- ciably enlarged apically. Cheeks about one-half of eye-height. About 16 bristles on hind margin of third abdominal segment. Scutellar bristles not so strong; abdomen rather more hairy. Claws very strongly elongate. Hind crossvein not quite paral- lel with apical crossvein, not at all in line with same. Vibrissae on or close to oral margin. The holotype is a male from Connecticut. 20 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Family SALMACIID^ Euceromasia Townsend. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. IV, 146 (June, 1911)— As TD390, without name. Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. XX, 112-113 (June, 1912.) Genotype, Euceromasia spinosa Townsend, 1912, 1. c. Runs to Masicera myoidcea in Coquillett's Rev. Tach. Differs from Paraphorocera radicis T. (subgenus B) as follows: Female. Front at vertex less than one-fourth of head-width, face below about one-half same. Outer vertical vestigial, not at all developed. Antennae slightly more slender, relative length of joints same ; second aristal joint not elongate. Cheeks a little narrower, parafacials narrower and more rapidly nar- rowed below; eyes with faint hairs that are a little more easily distinguished. Front not so produced in profile ; f ron- talia averaging as wide as one parafrontal. Practically the identical chaetotaxy of thorax, scutellum, and abdomen ; second segment without discals, the discals of third segment rather weak, anal segment with a scattering of short erect micro- chaetse. Abdomen deep, tip rather rounded. Apical cell ends a little nearer wing-tip, and the cubitus is well approximated to margin. Two to three bristles on base of third vein. Euceromasia spinosa Townsend. Length of body, 7.5 mm. ; of wing, 6.25 mm. One female. North Andover, Massachusetts, August 20, 1908 (demons). Differs in coloration from Paraphorocera radicis as follows : Palpi are obscure rufous, with black on tips and sides. Fron- talia are rich brown. All other coloration, including the dis- tribution of pollen, agrees perfectly except only that the tegulae are more nearly white. Holotype, No. 19471, U. S. Nat. Mus. TD390. Family CROCUTID^ Anthomyiopsis, new genus. Cknotype, Anthomyiopsis cypseloides Townsend, new species. Female. Tegulae small, the hind scale not twice as large as INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 21 the front one. Apical crossvein pushed close to margin of wing. Macrochsetae bristlelike. Front at vertex about equal to one eye, slightly widening anteriorly, the face widening therefrom at about same angle. Two proclinate orbitals, one reclinate one ; both verticals developed, proclinate ocellars pres- ent. Para f rentals each a little over half as wide as frontalia. Frontals stopping close to base of antennae. Parafacials nar- rowed below. Cheeks about one-fourth or one-fifth of eye- height. Epistoma cut off, vibrissse nearly level with oral margin. Facialia bare. Second antennal joint short, third hardly over twice length of second. Arista pubescent, thick- ened on basal third, basal joints short. Proboscis short and fleshy, palpi well thickened apically. Abdomen broad, short- ovate; second segment with weak marginal macrochsetse and a median discal, third and fourth segments covered with same moderately thickly and evenly disposed. Legs normal. Wings elongate, rather narrow. Costal spine very small, the costa well bulged basad of same. Apical cell very narrowly open, ending in exact wing-tip. Hind crossvein straight, at right angle to fourth vein, slightly nearer to small crossvein than to cubitus, latter rounded and much approximated to wing- margin; apical crossvein subparallel with margin. Anthomyiopsis cypseloides, new species. Length of body, 3.5 mm. (abdomen flexed) ; of wing, 4 mm. One female, Franconia, New Hampshire (Mrs. A. T. Slos- son). Shining black. Face silvery; frontalia dark brown, with slight bloom; parafrontals thinly silvery. Antennae and palpi light rufous. Thorax and scutellum very thinly dusted with silvery, thoracic vittse obsolete. Abdomen without bloom. Legs black. Wings nearly clear, veins yellowish. Tegulae yellowish-tawny, the front scale more whitish. Holotype, No. 19569, U. S. Nat. Mus. Psalidopteryx, new genus. Genotype, Psalidopteryx slossoncB Townsend, new species. Female. Head in profile subhemispherical, lower and frontal 82 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS profiles curved. Front view shows head to be much broader than high. Front almost equilateral, wider at vertex than one eye. Antennal and vibrissal axes about equal. Facial plate short, broad below, subtriangular, epistoma cut off, the vibrissse about level with oral margin. Facialia bare. Probos- cis short, fleshy; palpi subfiliform, slightly thickened at tip. Antennae inserted well above eye-middle, second joint short, third joint only slightly longer than second. Arista thickened on basal third, basal joints very short. Eyes bare, descending a little short of the vibrissal level. Frontals few, descending but little below base of antennae ; both verticals developed ; two proclinate f ronto-orbitals, and one reclinate ; proclinate pair of ocellars. Frontalia narrowing posteriorly, at widest much nar- rower than parafrontals. Parafacials much narrowed below, bare. Cheeks about two-fifths eye-height. Stemopleurals, 1 :0 :1, some very weak hairlike bristles between them ; post- suturals, 3; preacrostichals, 3 weak; postacrostichals, 4, but all except the hind one are weak. Three lateral scutellars, an equally long decussate apical pair, and a weak approximated discal pair. Abdomen almost perfectly ovate in outline from above, very bristly ; first segment with only a very weak median marginal pair of bristles and some stronger mraginal ones lat- erally; second with a long median discal, some lateral discals, and a marginal row of which the median pair is strongest; third and fourth segments with complete discal and marginal rows, the fourth segment being very convex and with extra bristles between the discal and marginal rows. All the macro- chaetae are erect or suberect. Costal spine small. Venation like Psalida, petiole of apical cell about as long as hind cross- vein, latter about in middle between cubitus and small cross- vein, cubitus almost but not quite evenly rounded. No veins bristled, except third at base. Tegulae normal. Claws short. Psalidopteryx slossonae, new species. Length of body, 3.75 mm.; of wing, nearly 3.5 mm. One female, Mount Washington, New Hampshire (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 23 Blackish, cinereous pollinose. Antennae, frontalia, palpi, and legs black. First two abdominal segments subshining brown- ish-black ; the second rather broadly pollinose on base except on median line, the pollen area of each side distended pos- teriorly next median line. All other parts thickly pollinose, the bristle origins of last two abdominal segments marked with black dots. Wings clear. Tegulas watery-whitsh. Thoracic vittae practically obsolete. Holotype, No. 19566, U. S. Nat. Mus. Named in honor of Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Family DEXIID^ Spathidexia Townsend. Genotype, Spathidexia clemonsi Townsend, 1912, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XX, 110. Differs from Thelairodes as follows: Both sexes with two proclinate fronto-orbitals. Hind claws of male about as long as others, all thickly pubescent. Costal spine vestigial, or slightly developed. Arista short-hairy above and below. Fe- mora not modified, tibiae not hairy. Male front at vertex about *.wo-thirds of eye. Palpi of male short, small, little swollen apically. Third antennal joint of male bulged on upper border. Female claws short. Female front and face about same width, as wide as one eye or slightly wider. Palpi of female elongate, much enlarged apically. Long heavily-chitinized blade-like larvipositor present, projecting posteriorly and not downward. This larvipositor can not be used for piercing skin of host, since there are no heavy muscles in connection with it. Spathidexia clemonsi Townsend. Length of body, 6.5 to 7.5 mm. ; of female wing, 5.5 mm. ; of male wing, 6 mm. Three females, Lexington, Kentucky; Melrose Highlands, Massachusetts (demons) ; Rock Creek Park, District of Columbia, May 23, 1915 (Townsend) ; one male, Riverton, New Jersey, May 30 (C. W. Johnson). 24 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS Black, with silvery-white pollen. Inner edge of parafron- tals, vertex, ocellar area, mesoscutum, and scutellum light golden. Pleurae, coxse, outside of front femora, rest of head, and broad bases of abdominal segments 2 to 4 silvery-white. Palpi and labella pale yellow. End of second antennal joint and base of third pale rufous. UnpoUinose parts of abdomen polished black. Legs black. Wings clear. Squamae and squamulae watery-white. The silvery-white pollen is seen in oblique view to cover the blackish f rontalia. Male with abdomen broadly yellow on base, showing in tergal lunule on each side extending back to front corner of third segment, and including whole venter to middle of same segment. Front tibiae of male are testaceous, those of female hardly less so. Holotype, No. 19467, U. S. Nat. Mus., female, TD371. Allotype, male. Paratypes include TD4453, female. Family LARV^^VORID^ Larvaevoropsis new genus. Genotype, Bchinomyia dakotensis Townsend, 1892, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XIX, 94. Differs from Larvcevora as follows : Whole body much nar- rower, the abdomen not especially broadened, form Peleteria- like. Second antennal joint of female hardly more than one and one-fourth times the third, that of male shorter. Front of male at vertex about two-thirds eye-width, that of female about equal to eye-width. Third antennal joint of male not strongly broadened apically. Cheeks of male about one-half of eye-height, those of female a little broader. Parafacials with sparse bristly hairs, not pilose. Strong apical decussate pair of scutellar macrochaetse ; four laterals, the alternating ones weak, especially so in female ; two discal pairs, the an- terior pair widely separated and forming with the other pair an arcuate row. No median marginal bristles on first abdomi- nal segment, only a median marginal pair on second, a loose marginal row on third, loose marginal and discal on fourth segment. Abdominal macrochsetse not nail-like or truly spine- INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 25 like. Anal segment not noticeably emarginate. Cubitus farther removed from hind margin of wing, almost as near front margin. Larvaevoropsis orientalis Townsend, new name. Larvccvoropsis orientalis Townsend new name for Bchinom- yia florum Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach. 144, Franconia, New Hampshire (nee Tachina florum Walker, 1849, List IV, 733). Holotype male, allotype female, on same pin. Type, No. 19596, U. S. Nat. Mus. Differs from dakotensis by the face and cheeks being golden pollinose. The female has the abdomen wholly black except anal segment. May be known from Fabriciodes montana by the anal seg- ment of male being rufous or yellowish-rufous with only a little black on median line basally. Macrochaetse strong, body not long-hairy. Scutellum dark testaceous apically, the base broadly black. First aristal joint short in both sexes. TD4365, 4378, both male. A common species in New England. Echinomyodes, new genus. Genotype, Echinomyodes piceifrons Townsend, new species, for Bchinomyia algens Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach. 144, pt., holotype labeled "Vermont," det. BB. as algens (nee Tachina algens Wiedemann, 1830, Auss. Zweifl. II, 385). Holotype, No. 19597, U. S. Nat. Mus., female. Differs from Larvcevora as follows : Form a little less heavily widened. Third antennal joint longer. Front of female at vertex conspicuously greater than eye-width, that of male a little less than eye-width. Ocellar area and parafrontals of both sexes heavily polished, black, without bloom in any light. Cheeks also with polished black area. Frontal profile hardly longer than facial. Frontalia broader, shorter, equilateral. Cheeks of female about one-half eye-height, those of male less than that. Third antennal joint of male not so broadened, longer than wide. Only two strong lateral scutellars, no thick discal pile. First abdominal segment without median macro- 26 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MDNSTRUUS chsetae in either sex; second with a median marginal pair nor- mally; third with a loose marginal row. Second segment heavily arcuate on middle of anterior border, bulged forward. Anal segment not emarginate. Marginal row of macrochaetse of anal segment not sagittate. Hypopygium of male much narrower. Second to fourth front tarsal joints of female more heavily widened. A female of B. piceifrons, collected by the writer at Mel- rose Highlands, Massachusetts, September 13, 1914, disclosed a uterus 70 mm. in length which was estimated to contain over 13,000 eggs and maggots. The eggs occurred in as many as 24 rows abreast. TD4377. Jurinia nitida Wulp, 1882, Notes Leyd. Mus. IV, 82, is a closely allied western form. Fabriciodes, new genus. Genotype, Fabriciodes montana Townsend, new species, for Echinomyia florum Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach. 144, pt., holo- type labeled White Mts., N. H. (nee Tachina florum Walker, 1849, List IV, 722). Holotype, No. 19598, U. S. Nat. Mus. Differs from Law (ev or op sis as follows: Male. All macro- chaetae weak, body long-hairy. Third antennal joint broadly rounded, nearly as long as second. First aristal joint may be somewhat elongate. Parafacials and parafrontals with hairs that are not bristly. Sternopleurals mixed with pile. Five lateral scutellars, with pile. Median marginal pair of bristles on first abdominal segment; discals and subdiscals on inter- mediate segments, but all weak; abdomen with long pile pos- teriorly and shorter pile anteriorly. Hypopygium heavier; claws not so elongate. The genotype is distinguished by the wide black vitta of ab- domen being spread over whole of anal segment, and the scutel- lum being wholly light testaceous. Rhachogastcr Townsend, 1915, Can. Ent. XLVII, 291. Genotype, Rhachogaster kermodei T., 1. c. The species may be distinguished from Bchinomyodes picei- frons T. as follows : Form much less broadened ; distinctly nar- INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 27 rowed, especially in male. Male vertex little over one-fifth head-width, that of female about eye-width. Ocellar area and posterior half of female parafrontals polished black, without pollen in any light ; the male showing bloom almost to vertex. Proboscis longer, palpi heavily thickened apically. Cheeks nearly three-fifths eye-height in female, one-half same in male. Anal segment with only marginal and submarginal macro- chaetas. Male hypopygium large, with comb-toothed flanges. Brush of heavy spines on sides of venter of anal segment of male, less marked in female but present. Male ventral plates 2 and 3 spined as described and ventral profile deeply hol- lowed. Male tarsi much shortened. The specimens referred to by Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach, 144, White Mountains, New Hampshire (pt.), both sexes; Oswego, New York, two females, and (Camel's Hump) Ver- mont, male, are this species. Eularvaevora, new genus. Genotype, Tachina algens Wiedemann, 1830, Auss. Zweifl. H, 285. Differs from Rhachogaster as follows: Second antennal joint of female longer and third somewhat smaller. Para- frontals pollinose in both sexes ; palpi less thickened at tip ; cheeks rather over one-half eye-height; both sexes with two to five median marginal macrochaetse on first segment and six to seven on second. Abdomen rather long-hairy in male, short- pilose in female. Macrochaetae somewhat weaker. Abdomen of female distinctly broadened, that of male a little less so. Male hypopygium much smaller and of distinct character, ventroanal spine-brushes not developed. Male tarsi not short- ened. Second and third ventral plates of male with long bristles instead of spines, the ventral profile not deeply hol- lowed. Dififers from Pahriciella by lack of ventroanal spine- brushes. Wiedemann evidently had a female with dark or discolored antennae. The specimens referred to by Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach. 144, Franconia, New Hampshire, male, and White Mountains, 28 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS New Hampshire (pt.), both sexes, are this species. The male abdomen is more or less reddish on sides, the palpi and first two antennal joints are yellowish to rufous. Otherwise fits Wiedemann's description. No other species known to me fits as well. It is quite probable that T. algens Wd. was a com- posite species, including the female of the present form and the male of the preceding, for the author probably had several specimens. In such case the species must stand restricted as above. Family EXORISTID^ Trisisyropa, new genus. Genotype, Trisisyropa vesiculata Townsend, new species. Differs from Winthemia as follows : Female. Much nar- rower in form, the entire length conspicuously over three times the greatest width. The whole head and appendages are so similar to those of Winthemia as to defy exact verbal differ- entiation, but the front is more prominent in profile, the fron- talia are nearly or quite as wide as one parafrontal, and the bristles of head are in general stronger. Anal segment prac- tically without hairs among the bristles both above and below. Abdomen narrowed, long-ovate. Hind tibiae not ciliate, only very loosely-pectinate with longer bristles present. Small cross- vein opposite point halfway between end of auxiliary and end of first vein or nearer to latter. Cubitus considerably greater than a right angle, the apical crossvein less bent in. No median marginal macrochsetse on first abdominal segment. Has a pair of large inflatable uterovaginal pouches in common with Winthemia. Trisisyropa vesiculata, new species. Length of body, 8.5 mm. ; greatest width, 2.5 mm. ; length of wing, 6 mm. One female, Lakehurst, Sebago Lake, Maine, September 6, 1914, on foliage (Townsend). Frontalia black, antennse blackish with some rufous on in- side of third joint, palpi pale rufous, face wholly silvery-white, parafrontals golden. Thorax shining black, with silvery pollen which is thinnest on disk, leaving five inconspicuous vittae. INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MIlNSTRUUS 29 Scutellum testaceous, except the black base, thinly silvery. Abdomen shining black, thickly silvery-white pollinose on bases of last three segments, the rest of surface showing thin bloom in oblique light, anal segment bright rufous on posterior half, a patch of obscure rufous on sides of second segment. Venter wholly blackish, except the pale testaceous hind borders of segments. Legs black. Wings clear. Tegulas white. Holotype, No. 19600, U. S. Nat. Mus. TD435o. Neothelaira Townsend. Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. XX, 109-110 (June, 1912). Genotype, Masicera aurifrons Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach. 115 (Syn. Neothelaira dexina Townsend, 1912, 1. c, holo- type. No. 19466, U. S. Nat. Mus., TD437). Front of female slightly exceeding one-third head-width at vertex, widening rather evenly into face; that of male hardly one-third same, with parallel sides on nearly posterior half ; face about one and three-fourths times vertex in female, that of male nearly twice vertex. Frontalia in middle a little narrower than one parafrontal at same point. Parafacials broad, averag- ing wider than length of second antennal joint. Front well produced in profile, facial profile equal to or slightly longer than frontal ; epistoma normally weakly prominent, not cut ofif, slightly constricted, the vibrissae inserted a little above the extreme oral margin. Vibrissal axis of head only a little shorter than antennal axis, due to the strong bulging of occi- put below ; the face very receding. Facialia practically bare, only a few short bristles next vibrissse ; facial depression not broad, rather long, shallow. Cheeks in both sexes nearly to fully one-half eye-height. Outer verticals but slightly de- veloped, strong pair of proclinate ocellars ; two proclinate and two reclinate fronto-orbitals in female, three or four reclinate in male ; five pairs of f rontals in female, seven or eight in male, which descend to point below root of arista. Second antennal joint moderately elongate; third narrow, about two and one-half to three times second; arista not longer than third antennal joint, well thickened on over basal half, tapered rapidly, sharply pointed, basal joints short. Proboscis about 30 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS head-height, stout; palpi rather stout, a little shorter than third antennal joint, thickened distally. Sternopleurals, post- suturals, and postacrostichals all three in number. Scutellum with four laterals, the front and hind ones longest, latter reach- ing to base of third segment; a weak erect decussate apical pair, and an approximated weak discal pair, with some addi- tional discals in male. Whole form narrowed, abdomen about same width as head and thorax. Venter of female is not carinate (stated by Coquillett to be carinate, 1. c). Abdominal macrochsetse discal and marginal, the latter long, the discals short, all erect ; median marginal pair on first segment ; no marginals on anal segment of female, except short ones like the discals, but anal segment of male is well covered with strong ones. Hind tibise not ciliate or pectinate. Apical cell ending well before wing-tip, closed or narrowly open; cubitus angular, with faint wrinkle ; apical crossvein only slightly bent in and subparallel with hind one, which is nearer to cubitus ; strong costal spine. Third vein spined nearly halfway or almost to small crossvein, other veins bare. Last section of fifth vein is almost half as long as preceding section. Legs of moderate length; claws of female nearly or quite as long as last tarsal joint, those of male distinctly more elongate. Neothelaira aurifrons Coquillett. Length of body, 9 mm. (females rather flexed) ; of wing, 6.5 mm. One female, holotype of dexina, TD427, Lynn, Massachusetts, August 28, 1908 (F. B. Lowe) ; holotype of aurifrons, female, Mount Washington, New Hampshire (Slos- son) ; allotype, male, White Mountains, New Hampshire (Morrison). Entire parafacials, cheeks, occipito-orbits, vertex, and para- frontals deep rich gold in female, the whole facial plate and facialia gold to gray-golden; in male more obscurely golden, the parafrontals largely blackish; frontalia and arista dark brown; antennae blackish, the first two joints and base of third rufous; palpi pale rufous. Occiput silvery- cinereous. Thorax, scutellum, and abdomen shining black, silvery pollinose ; mesoscutum with four vittae, the outer INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 31 ones of the semicolon type, the inner ones subHnear and reach- ing well behind suture, a fifth vitta showing in middle behind suture. First abdominal segment black, the broad hind borders of second to fourth shining black and without pollen. The silvery of bases of last three segments is narrower in the male. Legs black, femora pollinose, tibiae with a rufous-brown tinge. Wings clear. Tegulae nearly white. The anal segment of female may be slightly or broadly tipped with rufous. Masicera chcrtoneura Coquillett, 1897, Rev. Tach. 115, from the White Mountains, New Hampshire, belongs to this genus. Hylotomomyia, new genus. Genotype, Admontia hylotom Nomenclature of S. fasciata. Yellow Fever Bur. Bull., vol. 2, p. 3 (1912). 60 INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS of the next oldest specific name, calopus Meigen (1818). But no stability has been reached, many holding that the wide use of the name fasciatus justifies its retention. While engaged in bibliographic work, the writer made the discovery that there is a name for this mosquito which ante- dates any of those hitherto cited by systematists, and which, according to the laws of priority, will have to supplant the ones now in use. Under the name Culex argenteus, the Abbe Poiret, in 1787, in his "Memoire sur quelques insectes de Barbarie," gave a brief diagnosis of this insect. This, with the accompanying remarks, I quote herewith. Culex argenteus, dorsum squamis argenteis exornatum, pedi- bus fasciatis. "Quoique cet insecte ait ete detruit dans ma collection, j'ai cru devoir en donner la description. C'est le cousin le plus commun en Barbarie. II est de la grosseur du notre, mais si fichement pare, que je lui ai souvent pardonne ses piquures pour le plaisir de I'admirer, Tout son corps, particulierement le dos, est convert d'ecailles argentees, placees sur lui comme autant de paillettes orbiculaires & brillantes. Ses pattes sont ornees de bandes alternatives brunes & argentees." ^ There can hardly be a doubt that the insect thus described was the yellow fever mosquito; it was evidently already well established at that period in the coast towns of northern Africa. The ingenuous remark of the Abbe, that he was perfectly willing to tolerate its bite in order to be able to admire its beauty, is most interesting. The name Culex argenteus seems to have altogether escaped modem catalogers. We find it in Gmelin's Thirteenth edition of the Linnean Systema Naturae, vol. 1, part 5, p. 2888 (1792), and it is indicated in Hagen's Bibliotheca Entomologica. Much as another change is to be regretted, the yellow fever mosquito should now be called scientifically Aedes argenteus (Poiret). »Journ. de Physique, vol. 30, p. 245 (April, 1787). INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 61 EGGS AND OVIPOSITION IN CERTAIN SPECIES OF MANSONIA (Dipt era; Culicid