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IN TWO PARTS.

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MIDAME HERMAN.

PRICE, $3.00. See:

This Book can be had from the Author, at No. 113 West
Forty-First Street, New York. ~

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Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by
MADAME HERMAN, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at
Washington, D.C.

CONTENTS.

OF

PAR 2 if;

TSR WAC coc suervetne ce acttatne set eatent cute Mtecoet eine ee erenne 5
CHAPTER 1.—Materials used for Making Foliage...... 7
IL—Coloring of the Wax ...scs.s0-0 seuss sceee 9
IlI.—General Instructions ...................0006- 2

[V.—Steming and arranging of Plants....... 15

PREFACE.

This beautiful art of which I am thankful to Providence
to be the inventor, has been taught by me in New York with
great success, in fact it has been pronounced the greu/est
invention of the day.

Its great merit lies in its simplicity—no moulds nor scis:-
sors being used—every leaf in wax being made from the
natural leaf; and the greatest exactness and perfection,
every fiber, indenture, contour and even defect which are
on the natural plants are so well imitated that it is almost
impossible to know, unless by the touch, that it is only
wax.

Not any knowledge of painting or coloring is necessary,
the colors being mixed in the wax, the different shades of
colors being easily obtained to imitate to great perfection
the tints of all plants, thus copying the book of nature,

THIS ELDER SCRIPTURE, WRIT BY GOD'S OWN HAND.

Modelling in Wax is an art of great antiquity, combining
Sculpture and Painting together, two difficult studies, but
which are here rendered easy by the very plastic nature of
the materials used, which will yield well to the will of the
modeller who will be able to give that appearance of reality
or life which constitutes the true poetry of art.

The author indulges the hope that this art will not only
afford gratification to those who will learn the method
from this book, as it has done to those I have had the
pleasure of teaching, but will also be useful by preserving
such lifelike portraits of all plants which may be valuable
to lovers of Botany and to all who love nature.

6

The present book, as the book of Instruction in Wax
Flowers, has been composed more particularly to supply
the want of persons living at a distance and who can not
come to this city to learn this art.

[ shall be glad at any time to receive any one who would
like to have any explanation concerning this method.

SS

PEATE, L

CHAPTER: i:

MATERIALS FOR MAKING FOLIAGE.

A lamp with two burners is necessary to melt two cups
of wax ata time. Alcohol is the best liquid to use as it is
free from smell and is comparatively safe.

Five or six tin cups, costing five cents each, and which
can be had from any tin shop, are also wanted.

One pound of the best cake wax.

A few tubes of oil paints of different colors.

One spool wire for stems of small leaves.

One coil wire for stems of large leaves and plants.

A bottle of mucilage ; as a good quantity of this is re-
quired, I have found it cheaper to buy one pound of Ara-
bic gum and make the mucilage myself by mixing some
gum in cold water, it is not necessary to have the mucilage
very thick.

A few bottles of French down or Flock of different colors
are also wanted.

A stomp brush to finish the plants.

Half a dozen of Camel’s hair brushes to dip in the cups
ot wax. As the brushes are rather short, a piece of wood
trimmed with a knife and inserted into each brush will
give the desired length.

A small quantity of glycerine is also required.

All the above named articles, except the alcohol, the tin
cups, the mucilage and the glycerine can be had from me

at a much smaller price than could be had from any other
place.

The great quantity of materials that [am obliged to
have always on hand to supply the demand of all my pu-
pils, and also my knowledge of the best quality of all these
articles, enables me to defy competition.

A look at my price list compared with any other will
soon show the difference.

CHAPTER II.

COLORING OF THE WAX.

This branch of the method being the most important,
proper care should be taken to imitate as well as possible
the different colors of the natural plants.

Two cups of green wax, light and dark shades, are
necessary.

To prepare a cup of light green wax, break about two
cakes of wax and place them ina tin cup, and melt over
the lamp; then take the tube of Chrome Green, No. 1,
unscrew the lid and squeeze some of it in the same cup,
about a fourth of an inch in length as it comes from the
tube ; mix it well in stirring it with a camel’s hair brush.

When all the wax is melted in the cup, it is ready for
use, and should be taken off the lamp, but should never
be allowed to boil, as it spoils it.

The dark green is prepared in the same manner, but in
using Chrome Green No. 2, in same quantity.

Mixing Chrome Green, No. 3, and Chrome Yellow in
equal quanties make a beautiful shade of dark green, called
MOSS TEEN.

If a soft yellow green be wanted, as for geranium leaves,
ete., it is made by mixing Prussian Blue and Chrome Yel-
low, into a cup of wax, two parts of yellow and one part
of blue,

Wheu mixed in the cup, if the color be found too light,
add some more color to it,

10

Adding white cake wax to any colored cup reduces the
said color.

Put with two cakes of wax a small quantity of silver
white in a tin cup, and you will have a cup of wax beauti-
fully white.

If the white wanted has a little tinge of yellow in it, add
a very small quantity of Chrome Yellow to the silver white.

A very little quantity of Chrome Green, No. 1, to about
three times as much of silver white will sometimes be
wanted to imitate some leaves.

A nice gray color which is observable in some plants can
be imitated by mixing a very small quantity of Ivory
Black with twice as much of silver white in a cup of wax.

A cup of Carmine is desirable, as it is often used; a
very small quantity in a cup of wax. This beautiful color
is also used to give the last touch to the plants, to color
the veins and edges, and if mixed with Brown paint will
give a rich appearance to many leaves.

Many leaves, and particularly the autumn leaves are
partly yellow, which can be imitated with Chrome Yellow
in white wax, or sometimes Orange Chrome. <A look at
the different colors will soon show what is wanted.

When your cup of white wax becomes dirty, pour it in
a cup of green wax while it is hot.

The best way of cleaning a cup is with soft paper while
it is warm.

You can also mix the yellow wax with green, if you re-
quire an empty cup to melt something else.

Never waste any wax, as it can always be used.

Always keep your cups covered or turned over when
not in use, to keep the colors fresh.

Never let the brushes remain in the cups, but take them
out before the wax gets cold. Do not attempt to pull a
brush from the wax when it is set,

11

A little practice will soon give the student the idea of
mixing the colors which are suitable to the plants.
If not successful in the first attempt try again, for

as
Shakspeare says:

* What is worth doing at all
Is worth doing well.”

a a

CHAPTER IIL.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS.

tne Foliage being made from the natural leaf, it is neces-
sary to have a few natural leaves to work from. We will
suppose that the student has a Begonia Rex plant, which
can be easily procured, and which is very easy to make.

The student will perceive that this leaf is composed of
two prominent colors, green, dark or light, and white or
yray, ov of a greenish white.

Let it remain in cold water for a few minutes while you
prepare these two colors, as explained in the preceding
Chapter; the student will then place the natural leaf in
the left hand, with the wrong side wp, which is the back of
the leaf, and where all the veins are most conspicuous.
Having cut the stem close to the leaf, the next thing is to
cover well the back part of the leaf with glycerine, in
spreading it with a small camel’s hair brush.

Then taking the wA/te or gray hot wax from the lamp,
dip into this wax a camel’s hair brush, and with it spread
the wax over the white part of the leaf, thus covering with
white wax all the white part of the leaf. A look at Plate
I will show how to hold the leaf in the left hand and the
way of using the camel’s hair brush.

When all the white part of the leaf is well covered with
white wax, the student will then cover the rest of the leaf
with green hot wax, spreading it well with the camel’s hair
brush over the whole back of the leaf, that is to say, that
the green part of the leaf must be covered with green wax,

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and the white wax which is already on the leaf mnst also be
covered with the green wax. ‘T’o do this successfully it is
best to begin to spread the wax first from that part of the
leaf where the stem was, in following the largest vein to
the end of the leaf, and then cover the prominent veins in
that manner.

Give a good thickness of wax to the leaf, and then place
it in a basin of cold water for a few minutes to let it cool.

Taking it out of the water, you place it in your left hand
with the natural leaf upwards, and proceed by separating
it from the wax, which will be done easily, as the glycerine
has prevented the leaf from sticking to the wax. <A look
at Plate II will show how easily the natural leaf comes
apart from the wax leaf.

If you take it oat carefully, without breaking the natural
leaf, you will be able to make one or even several wax leaves
from it.

Wash the wax leaf of the glycerine with a moist linen
and wipe it dry, then with a stomp brush dipped in a little
carmine oil paint, color the veins very gently, and mix
carmine and brown to color the edge all around the leaf,
and it will be finished with the exception of the steming,
which is explained in the following chapter.

The careful student now knows that the prominent colors
of the leaves are not painted on the wax, but melted in
the wax, and used by spreading the wax on the back of the
leaf. But all leaves which are spotted, as the Glecoma
Varegata, etc., look better when all the spots are painted
over the wax ground with a stomp brush dipped in oil
paint.

I will now take a coleus leaf to explain the way of
making the beautiful downy or velvety leaves.

Melt a yellow cup of wax; and after having spread the
elycerine over the back of the leaf, cover the whole back
of the leaf with the yellow wax; then put it in a basin of

14

cold water to let it cool; taking it out of the water, and
separating the natural leaf from the wax, the wax leaf will
then be all yellow; the leaf will require now but the down
or velvet, which is put on in this way: spread some mucil-
age with a small brush over the wax leat, but leaving the
edge of the leaf dry all round, then scatter the maroon
French down or flock over the mucilage, which will
thus adhere to it, then turn the leaf over, so as to shake off
the extra down. Wash the edge or margin with a moist
linen to have the leaf yellow all round and the rest with
the velvet on it.

In winter I would recommend the pupil to put into each
cup of melted wax half a teaspoonfull of lard oil to soften
the wax.

a a

CHAPTER IV.

STEMING AND ARRANGING OF PLANTS.

For large leaves use coil wire and for small leaves spool
wire.

Melt some green wax, and place the wax leaf into your
left hand, with the back of the leaf upward and the
larger side near the end of the fingers, then place the wire in
the center or ridge of the leaf, not on. one side, and let it
come out about four inches long; then cover the part of
the stem which is on the leaf with the green hot wax. For
heavy leaves give a good thickness of wax, so as to cement
well the stem; cover also the wire forming the stem with
green Wax.

All velvety leaves should be stemed before putting the
down over them.

If you wish to branch the leaves together, take the two
smallest leaves, and place them opposite each other in pres-
sing the two stems together or twisting them together ;
then the two next leaves in size, in putting them lower
down under the two first leaves. The best way to do this
correctly is to look at the natural plants and observe the
way the leaves are put together. [ would request the
pupil to turn the leaves a little perpendicularly, just to
show but the r/ght side of the leaves.

Natural taste is very necessary for the arranging of rus-
tic baskets, stands, etc. Smilax or Ivy, or both, are gener-
ally climbing around the handles, the baskets are generally
filled with earth and then covered with moss; a nice plant
of Begonia Rex may be placed in it in sticking the stems

16

brought together into the earth of the basket. Put a few
of the plants, as Coleus in front of the basket, and geraniums
or other plants. A spray of Fern leaves looks also very
well. |

Plate IIT shows a basket of Foliage that I made, and
which has been much admired.

I shall be very happy to give to any one any explanation
which would not be generally understood by my Book of
Instruction.

The following is a list of the plants which are the most
sasy to make in wax, and which can be had very cheap
from any florist.

Abutilon Thompsons, the leaves are mottled or marked
with bright golden yellow.

Achyranthus Lindenii, leaves dark crimson aud carmine.

Aucuba Saponica.

Argyrites, a beautiful white spotted variety of Calediums ;
one of the smallest kinds growing.

Artemisia Stellaris, foliage of a silver gray hue.

Begonia, a beautiful stove plant, remarkable for the
varied and magnificent foliage of many of its varieties ;
they are admirably adapted to hanging baskets, ete.

Culadiums.

Catalonian Sessaniiie.

Cerastium Tomentosmin. Another white foliage plant,
with small, narrow leaves, well suited,for hanging baskets
or stands.

Centaurea Candida, a valuable plant to contrast with

; leaves downy white, forming a neat compact bush.
Massed either with Coleus or Archyranthes, or both, it
produces a most pleasing effect.

Coleus;

’

Cissus Amazonica.

CUssus Diseolor,

17

Coleus, the edge of the leaf fringed with yellow, the vel-
vety ground is dark maroon.
Crotons, fine plants, suitable for baskets.

Geraninn Zouale, Bicolor.

6 Lady Pollock.
“8 Loy Leaned,
oe Mountain of Snow, ete.

Glaucium Corniculatiun, @ fine ornamental plant, with
long velvety leaves, gracefully recurved, of a silvery white
color, deeply cut to the rib, forming two rows of leaflets,
each of which is again deeply cut and curled.

Glecoina Vareqata, ra trailing plant, with small, deep
ereen leaves, beautifully blotched and marbled with golden
vellow. It is invaluable for vases, hanging baskets, ete.

Hibiscus Cooperti.

Hydrangea Paniedata Grandi flora.

Lovies.

Perilla, this beautiful foliaged plant is of a deep mul-
berry or blackish purple, and forms a fine contrast to the’
silvery foliage of CVneraria Maritina, ov the lively green
of other plants. A variety of this plant is variegated and
striped with brilliant rosy carmine, sometimes with white,
producing a charming effect.

Pi ristropha A mgustizolia | gata.

Poinsettia Pulcherrimna.

Smilar (Myrsiphylan Asparagoides.) There is no
climbing plant in cultivation that surpasses this in the
graceful beauty of its foliage, and its peculiar wavy forma-
tion renders it one of the most valuable of all plants for
vases or hanging baskets, as it can be used either to climb
or to droop, as required.

PARTY 11

CONTENTS OF Parr Il,

PAGE.

Introdttcrion tomb artull Ltt. 2.5.008.1.cctec eeecesees oaveeareeeccen eh eeeee 21
Chapters -Amallysicvor “beayesie. c-cccseccasesectcsstene so ciesseatne see ceer 23
II, Flowerless Plants and Fall of the Leaves............... 27

* III, Manner of Taking Impressions of Leaves.............++ 29

Pricembistsotm Materials ccs ece ee ee-c cect ree orn aren nace enon nee eee 31

INTRODUCTION TO: PART Tl.

I have thought proper to introduce in this book some
instructions on Botany, treating more particularly of leaves,
thinking that it might be agreeable to the student who will
thus be enabled to learn a few technical terms, which are
so extensively used in that science.

Botanical names are chiefly taken from the Greek and
Latin, these being the common languages of the learned
world. All books on botany were for a long time written
in Latin; the original works of Linunzeus are in that lan-
guage. Although it is necessary to the interests of science
that there should be such a medium by which the learned
may communicate, it is also highly important to the general
improvement and happiness of mankind that their dis-
coveries should be inade accessible to all; it would be use-
less to attempt to divest botany of all its technical terms
and names borrowed from the dead languages; in doing
this we should destroy the science, and introduce confusion
in the place of order. But such facilities are now offered
that every young person can easily become acquainted
with the grand outlines of the vegetable world—and how
much are the beauties of nature enhanced when viewed
with the eye of a philosopher and the heart of a Christian-

The first account of plants may be traced to the history
of the creation by Moses. It was on the third day of this
great work that God said, “ Let the earth bring forth grass,
the herb yielding seed, and the fruit-tree yielding fruit
after his kind, WHOSE SEED IS IN ITSELF upon. the earth;
and it was so; and the earth brought forth grass, and the
herb yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding

22

fruit, whose seed was in itself, after his kind; and Gop
SAW THAT IT WAs GOOD.” After this, it is recorded, that
God gave to Adam every herb and every TREE BEARING
FRUIT; the latter was for him exclusively, but to the beasts
of the earth and the fowls of the air, and to every thing
wherein there is life, he also gave the GREEN HERB for
meat. Adam, according to Holy Scripture, gave names to
all the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air; and
Miltou imagines that Eve was assigned the pleasant task
of giving names to flowers, and numbering the tribes of
plants. When our first parents, as a punishment for their
disobedience, are about to leave their delightful Eden, Eve,
in. the language of the poet, with bitter regret exclaims:

~ Must [ thus leave thee, Paradise ?
BS Oh tlowers
That never will in other climate grow,

* Which | bred up with tender hand,
Irom the first opening bud, and gave ye names ;
Who now shall rear ye to the sun, or rank
Your tribes 7”

CHAP MERe[.*

(NALYSIS OF LEAVES.

The term PHYLLOTAXIS signifies LEAF arrangement.
Leaves arise from the nodes of the stem, and new buds are
formed in the axils of leaves. One leaf only arises from
the same organic point; a TUFT or FASCICLE ‘of leaves is
composed of the leaves of an axillary branch, so short that
the basis of the leaves are in contact; that is, the foliage
develops without any elongation of the axis or the inter-
nodes. The complete leaf consists of the LAMINA (BLADE
or LIMB), its PETIOLE and pair of stLPULES at its base.
Sometimes there is little expansion of this organ, but it is
STALK-LIKE; generally the leaf is expanded horizontally,
so as to present the under surface to the ground, the upper
to the sky. On examining the cellular texture with a
misroscope, it is found that there is in each leaf an upper
and an under stratum of differently arranged cells ; the
upper stratum has its cells compact, and so arranged as to
be least affected by the direct rays of the sun, while the
under stratum has a cellular arrangement more favorable
for evaporation or exhalation.

Leaves are furnished with pores called STOMATA, for ex-
haling and inhaling gases. They present to the air amore
extended surface than all the other vegetable organs, and
are of creat importance to the vitality of the plant, by im-
bibing suitable nourishment, and throwing off such gases

* The Second Part has, to a great extent, been copied from a valuable book by one
of our best botanists.

24
as would be useless or injurious. In other words, leaves
are organs of DIGESTION and RESPIRATION.

The new plant is called a pHyYTON ; in its simplest form
it consists of two leaves and a bud, which is the axis,
and forms the stem and root. SeEMINAL leaves first
appear above the surface of the earth, as in the garden
bean ; these leaves are the cotyledons, which, after nour-
ishing the phyton, decay. PRrMorDIAL leaves appear in
the axils of the seminal leaves, and resemble them in
position, form and size. ‘The primordial leaf, according to
the fanciful idea of a French botanist, is a sketch which
Nature makes before the perfection of her work. CHAR-
ACTERISTIC leaves are found in the mature state of the
plant. According to the idea above advanced, Nature here
perfects her design. It is not always, however, that this
process, with regard to change of leaves, takes place; as
in many cases the proper, or characteristic leaf, is the only
one which appears.

VENATION OF LEAVES.—The expanded part of the leaf
is called the LAMINA, or blade; the end of the blade next
the stem is the BASE, the opposite end the APEX. ‘The
PARENCHYMA is the cellular tissue which composes the
body of the leaf, or the filling of a frame-work or skeleton
composed of VASCULAR TISSUE. The bundle of vessels
which compose this frame-work are called VEINS, some-
times RIBS and NERVES. The MIDRIB is the principal vein
which passes from the leaf-stalk through the center of the
leaf; its branches are PRIMARY veins, which, when sub-
divided, are called SECONDARY veins, and a still more
minute division, veinlets, The distribution of veins in the
leaves is called VENATION, sometimes NERVATION. In suc-
culent plants the veins are sometimes obscure ; they are
called HIDDEN-VEINED. Leaves may be divided into three
great classes, according to their venation. RETICULATE or
NETTED leaves, in which the petiole is prolonged into the

25
leaf in the corm of the midrib, and there is an angular net-
work of vessels, as occurs in the leaves of exogenous plants,
as the oak, rose, ete. PARALLEL-VEINED, in which the
veins run in a straight or curved manner from base to
apex, or from the midrib to the margin of the leaf, and are
connected by simple transverse veins, aS appears in most
endogenous or monocotyledonous plants, as the lily, grasses,
ete. FORKED-VEINED, when the veins divide and subdivide
by forked divisions, which do not again unite, as in the
cryptogamous plants, of which the fern is an example,
RETICULATE-VEINED leaves are divided into the FEATHER-
VEINED, as the chestnut, and RADIATE-VEINED, as the
maple.

Form OF LEAVEs.—Leaves are SIMPLE Or COMPOUND. A
simple leaf is when the lamina consists of several parts,
each of which is articulated with the common petiole, as
the same manner as the latter is connected with the stem.
The parts of a compound leaf are LEAFLETS or FOLIOLES.
‘The shape and outline of leaves are found to depend chiefly
upon the arrangement of the frame-work or vascular por-
tion. The form of leaves is expressed by terms borrowed
from the names of different objects; as PALMATE, hand-
shaped; DIGITATE, from digitus, the finger, etc.

Leaves vary in MAGNITUDE, from the small leaves of some
of the forest-trees of our climate, to the spreading Palms and
Bananas of the torrid zone. As we approach the torrid
zone the leaves increase in magnitude.

Leaves, with respect to DURATION, are FUGACIOUS when
they fall early, or soon after their first appearance. Dxrci-
pUOUS, falling at the commencement of winter; this is the
case with the leaves of most plants, as far as 30° or 40°
from the equator.

In our climate the leaves are mostly deciduous, returning
in autumn to their original dust, and enriching the soil

from which they had derived their nourishment. In the
*6)

26

regions of the torrid zone, the leaves are mostly persistent
and evergreen; they seldom fade or decay in less than six
years, but the same trees, removed to our climate, some-
times become annual plants, losing their foliage every year.
The GREEN COLOR of leaves is owing to a coloring mat-
ter called CHLOROPHYL (from CHLOROS, green, and PHYL-
LON, leaf), which floats in minute globules in the fluid of
cells, accompanied by starch grains. The green color be-
comes lighter or deeper, according to the quantity of chlo-
rophyl and the aggregation of cells. Leaves have not that
brilliianey of color which is seen in the corolla or blossom ;
but the beauty of the corolla has only a transient existence,
while the less showy leaf remains fresh and verdant after
the flower has withered away. The substance of most
leaves is so constituted as to absorb all the rays of light
except GREEN ; this color is of all others best adapted to
the extreme sensibility of our organs of sight. Thus, in
evident accommodation to our sense of vision, the ordinary
dress of nature is the only color upon which our eyes, for
any length of time, can rest without pain. But although
green is almost the only color which leaves reflect, the
variety of its shades is almost innumerable. .

CHAPTER II.

FLOWERLESS PLANTS AND FALL OF THE LEAVES.

ACKOGENOUS, Flowerless Plants are propagated by
spores instead of seeds; these have a DISTINCT AXIS grow-
ing from the apex, with woopy and VASCULAR tissue, and
usually pisTiNncr foliage. ‘The orders in this class are
EQuISETUM (scouring rush), type of the Horsetail family ;
the fern, the type of the order Fiiices, divided into many
sub-orders ; | ground-pine or club-moss, the type of the
order Lycopodiacez.

The FALL OF THE LEAF has been thus explained: When
the leaf and stem are both in a healthy state, the base of
the former and the branch that bears it, both increase at
the same rate, but after the decay of the leaf, its base can
no longer adapt itself to the growing branch, which is con-
stantly increasing in diameter by the formation of the new
wood. ‘There is, consequently, a rupture of the connect-
ing vessels, the leaf is disjointed at the base, or articula-
tion, and falls off, as a dead part of a living animal is cast
off. Endogenous stems do not increase in diameter, there-
fore their leaves decay, but do not commonly fall; they
remain on the stem. .

The rich autumnal scenery of American forests is re-
garded by the European traveler with astonishment and
delight, as far exceeding anything of the kind which the
old world presents.

Painters, who have attempted to imitate the splendid
hues of our forests, haye, by foreigners, been accused of

28

exaggeration ; but no gorgeous coloring of art can exceed
the bright scarlet, the deep crimson, the rich yellow, and
the dark brown, which these scenes present.

The student who has learned something of the anatomy
and physiology of leaves, will be induced to pay atten-
tion to them in their different stages, from their situation
in the bud to their full growth and perfection—will feel a
new interest in their change of color, when the philosophy
of this change is understood; even the dry skeletons of
leaves, which the blasts of Autumn strew around us, may
not only afford a direct moral lesson, as emblematic of our
own mortality, but, in examining their structure, we are
led to admire and adore the power which formed them.*

* Carbonic acid gas is the food of plants ; this consists of carbon and oxygen, and
decomposed by the agency of light; the carbon becomes incorporated with the
vegetable, forming the basis of its substance, while the oxygen is exhaled, or thrown
off into the atmosphere.

CHAPTER III.

MANNER OF TAKING IMPRESSIONS OF LEAVES,

Hold oiled paper in the smoke of a lamp or of pitch, un-
til it becomes coated with the smoke; to this paper apply
the leaf of which you wish an impression, having previ-
ously warmed it between your hands, that it may be pliable.
Place the lower surface of the leaf upon the blackened sur-
face of the oil-paper, that the numerous veins, which are
so prominent on this side, may receive from the paper a
portion of the smoke. Lay a paper over the leaf, and then
press it gently upon the smoked paper with the fingers, or
with a small roller (covered with woolen cloth, or some
sinilarly soft material), so that every part of the leaf may
come in contact with the sooted oil-paper. A coating of
the smoke will adhere to the leaf. Then remove the leat
carefully, and place the blackened surface on a sheet of
white paper, not ruled, or in a book prepared for the pur-
pose, covering the leaf with a clean slip of paper, and pres-
sing upon it with the fingers, or roller, as before. Thus
may be obtained the impression of a leaf, showing the per-
fect outlines, together with an accurate exhibition of the
veins which extend in every direction through it, more
correctly than the finest drawing. And this process is so
simple, and the material so easily obtained, that any per-
son, with a little practice to enable him to apply the right
quantity of smoke to the oil-paper, and give the leaf a

30

proper pressure, can prepare beautiful leaf impressions,
such as a naturalist would be proud to possess. There is
another, and we think a better method of taking Luar
IMPRESSIONS than the preceding one. The only difference
in the process consists in the use of PRINTING INK instead *
of smoked oil-paper.

a $$

31

PRICE LIST OF MATERIALS.

A Lamp, with two burners, - - = - $1 00
1 Pound Cake Wax, - - - - - = 85
1 Spool Wire, - ~ : - : = = 10
1 Coil-Wire, - = = - : = = = 12
12 Camel’s Hair Brushes, for - - 2 = 50
3 Bottles Fr. Down, (Purple, Gray & Maroon, 10c. each) 30
| Stomp Brush, - - - - - - 25
1 Oil Tube Chrome Green No. 1}

1“ “6 rT: “ “6 I

lL « 3 |

I Yellow,

[Ps “Orange Chrome, | 15c. each or the 10

| Silver White, c bottles for 1 50
| Prussian Blue, |

| Ivory Black,

1 “« <“ Naples Yellow, |

be “Brown, ee

pte tt ‘* Carmine, - 2 = = = : 50

$9 12

N.B. The above list of materials is what is indispensable
to each student for learning ‘“ Foliage.” All those articles
sent to any part of America, and may be paid on delivery,
thus saving all trouble.

J=8~ Orders promptly attended to.

Wax materials always on hand.

32

Wax PLOW ERS.

The beautiful art of Wax Flower Making, which has
been tanght so successfully in New York in three hours’
time by MADAME HERMAN’s NEw METHOD, can be learned
uow for only $2.50, by buying her new Book of Instruc-
tion, with many Practical Plates, and an Entire Set of
Moulds being included in the price. This book has been
composed to supply the want of persons living out of New
York, and who cannot come to this city to learn the method.

Any one with the “love of the beautiful” cannot but ad-
mire well made Wax Flowers, which resemble nature so
well that many persons are daily deceived by them,
taking them for natural flowers; they are well adapted for
decorative purposes, and nothing is more pretty for pres-
ents than Wax Flowers.

The Flowers taught by this book are:

The Rose and Bud, The Tuberose,

The Pond or Water Lily & Bud The White Camelin.

The Lily of the Valley. The Fuschia,

The Morning Glory, The Sweet Pea,

The Dark Clove Carnation, The Green and Autumn Leayes

To reach all classes, this book is sold for only $2.50, in-
cluding a Full Set of Moulds, which would cost to manu-
facture, over one hundred dollars.

Agents wanted in every City and Town in America.

A Beautiful Portrait of Washington in Wax.

Taken from a painting presented by General Washington
to a member of the celebrated Chew family, of great 1e-
nown (of Germantown, Pa.), in a handsome oval frame, 11
inches long, 9 inches broad§ for only $5.00.

Sent to any part of the United States, and may be paid
on delivery, thus saving all trouble. Orders promptly at-
tended to.

Please address MapAME HERMAN, 113 W. 41st Street,
New York.

—= OO > ae ~~

34

THE AMERICAN CROSS.

This beautiful Cross which is an imitation of Parian
Marble, and which will last, with a little care, a life-time,
and is ten inches high, is sold for only $1.50.

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eee Le ee ae

Price, $3.00.

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THE BOOK OF INSTRUCTIONS

IN MY NEW METHOD OF :

WITH AN ENTIRE sur OF MOULDS,

——

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PRICE, $2.50.

{37 Agents wanted in every city and town in America.

PLEASE ADDRESS

ADAME HERMAN, 113 West 41st Street, New York,

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