a “S 4 ; ¢ 4 =} 2 £ A | iene Naat Se i ts A ike Sa Pe ety > Weye we Yyy Uae eee co ngtG TSG RA nee A fe NM WIN WIERS ie uu Nd ee ~ Fue AAA WY oY Wiis SME YI ae Sy vey GIADA GYM GW Wie WW SMO cy Y ; YY en eye { aa NOG V iv ARIAS UN u Vow iJ wi hg \ iS Vi. 4. VIS A Si V i'd Wi i YUAN ~ Wd WN a WOR INNS vessel uy hadhabi te nH iyngAtIN iY cv gig i WN Wd Wu yuviey Wie ety Sas ws AWW iy, Bi Ls UY ii Ses WOU OY Wise YY SN cae ied Aes yur You ‘Y YA. AWS MSc ere OMe cote ivy SOO Ue co NY AR igaaiaee: oA J WAM Ae Ww Kuvguy wey MV SCeL on WW A ve VUES Toe oS | eee Gow YUE SUSU MENS og AG oe Te ive Mu Wy aids “wus Yue u ur gy AV4 ‘ v Vi We } MOON Niadd COM ATSN My Yyvy ey hi A wide Nevv vee niu? ¥ wy egw a e aley Dall C )§ } l of 1 K )| } a) A id fl evloné e C t Divisiotr é —— VJ ie NIC UTE. OTOL Te =< Wy GUUS OU YOON ¥ ty ia) May WW hoi vove aight NYY MiNi Waren Weta Meee eek AeA J Mi vi uss. PIGS VIN) VY ye, Am Ese ) hs) hereon PINS; Wey eee EN YM AGG SM euerr AN ic i, jee "4 i, ee lee Cac sicswee ic < diam. majug.. Apertime alt 5 malin Hab.—Galle, Ceylon. Pyramidella (Oscilla) suburbana, n. sp. Pini, fig. 26. Shell elongate fusiform, pale brownish-yellow ; whorls 7—8, rather flattened, sculptured with three spiral lirae on the middle whorls ‘increasing to seven on the body-whorl; peristome simple; aperture ovate; columella arched and expanded outwards below, bearing a strong plait above. Alt. 3.5 millim. ; diam. maj. 1.5. Aperture. alt .5 millim. Hab.— Kalpetti (a suburb of Colombo), Ceylon. Pyramidella (Mormula) humilis, n. sp. Piya, tie. 277. Shell elongate fusiform, white ; whorls 8 - 9, somewhat coarsely transversely costate and spirally striate giving the shell a finely cancellated appearance ; suture impressed ; peristome simple; aperture ovate ; columella twisted. Alt. 4.75 millim. ; diam. maj. 1.5. Aperture, alt. .5 millim Hab.—Ceylon, NEW SPECIES OF MARINE SHELLS FROM CEYLON. ai Pyramidella (Actaeopyramis) ceylaniea, n. -p Pl. 11, figs. 28 —28a. Shell elongate, white, thin, transparent; whorls 10—r1, rather flattened, sculptured with opaque coarse spiral striae and finely cancellated by very fine transverse striae ; suture well impressed ; peristome simple ; aperture oval, somewhat elongated ; columella plait oblique. Alt. 10 millim. ; diam. maj. 2.25. Aperture, alt. 2 millim. ; diam. 1. Hab. —Kandakulh, Ceylon. Pyramidella (Actaeopyramis) sykesi, un. sp. Pi siieties 20: Shell elongate, tapering, transparent white ; whorls 8 —9, flattened, sculptured with fine spiral grooves intersected by very fine transverse striae giving the surface of the shell an almost punctate appearance ; suture impressed ; peristome thin ; aperture elongate oval ; columella slightly curved. Alt. 6 millim.; diam. maj. 1.5. Aperture, alt. 1.5 millim.; diam. .5: Hab.—Ceylon. Pyramidella (Actaeopyramis) suavissima, 1. s). Riv iy fie.) 30: Shell elongate cylindrical, thin, white; whorls 7, spirally striate and can- cellated by very fine transverse striae; suture deep; peristome simple ; aperture oval. Alt. 3.5 millim. ; diam. maj. 1.25. Aperture, alt. .5 millim. Hab.—Wandakulli, Ceylon. Turbdnilla coeni, n. sp. Flin tio. Qe Shell elongate, thin, dirty-white ; whorls 12—13, flattened, closely costate ; suture impressed ; peristome simple ; aperture oval ; columella straight. Alt. 5 millim.; diam. maj. .75. Aperture, alt. .25 millim. Hub,— Kandakulhi, Ceylon. Turbonilla sinhila, n. sp. Pl. ui, figs. 32—32Aa. Shell elongate, whitish ; whorls ro, costate, the costae on the last whorl much finer and more numerous than on the whorls above ; suture well impressed ; peristome simple ; aperture oval ; columella descending obliquely. Alt. 3.75 millim. ; diam. maj. 1. Hab.—Kandakulli, Ceylon. Turbonilia |?) prineeps, ». sp. Pie assis 32k Shell elongate fusiform, bright yellow, ornamented with a rich reddish-brown band just below the suture, and appearing on the body-whorl well below the periphery ; whorls 1o—rr, flattened, very finely costate and bearing traces 8 NEW SPECIES OF MARINE SHELLS FROM CEYLON. of microscopic spiral striae ; suture scarcely impressed ; aperture auriform ; columella fold fairly well developed. Alt. 8 millim. ; diam. maj. 2.25. Aperture, alt. 1.5 millim. ; diam. .75. Hab.—Ceylon. Gena Ziczae, n. sp. Pl. u, figs. 34a—34d. Shell haliotoid, oval, polished, yellowish-pink, painted with zigzag flame markings and blotches of reddish-brown, and bearing a regular line of oblong dark-brown blotches at the periphery ; whorls 3—4, sculptured with fine radiating lines of growth and spiral striae which become coarser at the base ; interior of shell iridescent, the spiral striae showing very plainly ; suture shallow ; peristome simple ; columella arcuate ; aperture oblong ovate. Alt. 9 millim. ; diam. maj 5. Aperture, alt. 5.5 millim.; diam. 4. Hub.—Ceylon. Callista (Calloecardia) birtsi, n. sp. Rita figs ig. Shell rather thin, ovate, white, concentrically sculptured with fine regular striae ; extremities of umbones tinged with very pale pink ; anterior side pro- duced ; posterior side somewhat obtuse. Alt. 28 millim. ; length 34.5. Hab.— Ceylon. Cultellus (Ensiculus) maculatus, n. sp. Bi fess: Shell thin, elongated, strongly curved, pale flesh-colour, irregularly blotched and spotted with white, and covered with a thin, brown, periostracum ; anterior margin rounded and bent outwards; posterior margin somewhat obtuse. Alt. rt millim. ; length 48. Hab.—Ceylon. Gastrana (Metis) bridgmani, n. sp. Ply. de. 3i7: Shell white, oblong ovate, sculptured with fine, concentric, rather irregular striae ; left valve much depressed towards the centre, anteriorly flexuous ; right valve less depressed ; anterior side descending abruptly at an obtuse angle ; posterior side rather attenuated, rounded, umbones small. Alt. 25 millim. ; length 29.5. Hab.—Ceylon. Anatina smithi, n. sp. Pl. u, fig. 38. Shell elongate, thin, yellowish-white, concentrically striated with somewhat irregular lines of growth ; anterior side slightly attenuated, rounded, gaping ; posterior side rounded, moderately gaping. Alt. 20 millim. ; length 38. Hab.—Ceylon, DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES OF DIPLOMMATINA FROM CEYLON. BY Ba PRESTON EZ-o- (Plate ii, figs. 39, 40). Diplommatina (Nicida) lankaensis, ». sp. Pini tion 20: Shell dextral, pyramidal, somewhat transparent, pale horn colour ; whorls 8, rather coarsely spirally striate throughout, the penultimate whorl being narrower than the antepenultimate ; suture impressed ; umbilicus broad ; peristome continuous, slightly reflexed, reddisk-brown, irregular ; aperture subcircular. Alt. 3 millim.; diam maj. 2. Aperture, alt. 1 millim.; diam. .75 Hab.—\inidun, Ceylon. Diplommatina (Nieida) deleetabilis, n. sp. Pl. ni, fig. 41. Shell dextral, sub-ovate, pale horn colour; whorls 7, very finely spirally striate, the antepenultimate whorl much inflated, the body-whorl ascending gradually so as to finally cover the penultimate whorl just behind the peristome ; suture impressed ; umbilicus narrow ; peristome continuous, thick, reflexed, reddish- brown, very irregular and projecting above at the point where it overlaps the penultimate whorl ; aperture subcircular ; columella straight. Alt. 2 millim. ; diam. maj. 1.25. Aperture, alt. .5 millim. Hab.—\inidun, Ceylon. Io EXPLANATION OF PLATES I and II. lied iS) ws) US} I4—T4a. 15. 10. M7: 18—18a. 19—19a. Plate I. Tornatina tenuistriata, n, sp. Rettusa serendibcnsis, 1 sp. Clavatula gaylordac, . sp. Mangilia mangert, n. sp. Mangilia (Glyphostoma) caztoti, . sp. Mangilia (Glyphostoma) ecolorata, n. Sp. Mangilia (Clathurella) cornicolor, n. sp. Mangilia (Cythara) brinneolineata, n. sp Cancellaria exquisila, 0. Sp. Columbella (Mitrella) imultistriata, n. sy). Cerithium tomlin, vn. sp. Cerithtopsis abjecta, n. sp. Cerithiopsis brunneoflavida, nv. sp. Cerithiopsis orientalis, 1. sp. Diala polita, n. sp. Diala semipellucida, n. sp Rissoia pellucida, n. sp. Rissoina delicatula, n. sp. Rissoina oscitans, n. sp. Rissotna (Rissolina) filicostata, n. sp. Rissoina (Morchiella) lankaensis, n. sp. Fenella purpureoapicta, vn. sp. Plate Il. Eulima exasperata, n. sp. Eulima indica, n. sp. Pyramidella (Oscilla) mirabilis, n. sp. Pyramidella (Oscilla) suburbana, ny, sp. Pyramidella (Mormula) humilis, n. sp. Pyramidella (Actaeopyranis) cevlanica, p. sp Pyramidella (Actaeopyramius) sykesi, n. sp. Pyramidella ( Actaeopyranils) Suavissinia, nN. sp. Turbonilla coeni, n. sp. Turbonilla sinhila, n.sp. Turbonilla (7?) princeps, n. sp. . Gena ziczac, n. sp. Callista (Callocardia ) birts:, 1, sp. Cultellus (Ensiculus) maculatus, n. sp. Gastrana (Metis) bridgmani, n. sp. Anatina smithi, n. sp. Diflommatina (Nicida) lankaensis, 1. sp Diplommatina (Nicida) delectabilis, v.sp. ¢ \ / PLL Journ.of Malacology, 1905, Vol, XII, pt 1. Huth, imp S A.H, Searle, delet Jith NEW MARINE SHELLS FROM CEYLON. Journ.of Malacology, 1905 Vol All, pt lL. PLO A.H. Searle, del.et lith. NEW MARINE SHELLS FROM A.5.Huth, imp. CEYLON. ge > DESCRIPTION OF NINE NEW SPECIES OF HELICOID LAND SHELLS. Bre iG ke GUDES Ee S: (Plates iii & iv.) WHEN the first portion of Dr, J. C. Cox’s collection of Shells came under the hammer last year, Mr. E. R. Sykes acquired ¢nfer alia about 50 boxes of small Helicoids (mostly from Polynesia) which he kindly entrusted to me for examination. |The majority pertain to known species, but six appear to be undescribed, and another undescribed species was found, with a number of Badistes bednalli, acquired by myself from the same source. I avail myself of the opportunity afforded by the publication of deserip- tions of these new species to describe also (1) a Chloritis from Aru, of which a single specimen was recently sent to me by Miss Linter for identification, and which differs from any species as yet known ; and (2) a new Plectotropis from Java received from Mr. Gerrard.. Moreover, two species of Cathaica described by me in this Journal (vol. xi, p. 93) are likewise figured. When describing these species I unfortunately overlooked the fact that one of them (C. sturany?) had already been published by Dr. Kobelt in Rossmaessler Iconographie, New Series (1893), VI. p.75, pl. 169, fig. 1086. Sitala pudiea, n. sp. Pl. iu, figs. 3a 240); Shell perforate, conoid, smooth, a little shining, pellucid, thin, corneous ; spire convex, suture impressed, apex obtuse; whorls 4, a little convex, increasing slowly ; last whorl not descending in front, angulated at the periphery, tumid below. Aperture scarcely oblique, roundly lunate ; peristome thin, straight, acute ; margins distant, columellar margin slightly dilated and overhanging the narrow perforation of the umbilicus. Diam. 2 millim. ; alt. 1.5. Hab.—Cape Byron, Byron Bay, New South Wales. Type in Mr. Sykes’ collection. Alhed to Sitala sublimis, Hedley, which, however is more rounded at the periphery. It also resembles S. starke’, Brug., but that species is more sculptured above. Several shells were found to contain a number of young. Thalassia ecookensis, n. sp. Pl. ii, figs. 4a— 4b. Shell umbilicated, conoid, finely striated, smoother and shining below, pellucid, pale corneous, spire depressed, suture margined, apex obtuse. Whorls 5, convex, increasing slowly, last whorl not descending in front, slightly flattened below, rounded at the periphery. Aperture oblique, semilunate ; peristome thin, straight, acute ; margins approaching, upper and outer arcuate, colum- ellar ascending, slightly dilated over the moderate umbilicus. Diam. 4.5 millim. ; alt. 2.5. Hab, —Aitutake, Cooks Islands. (Garrett). ‘Type in Mr. Sykes’ collection, TE GUDE: NINE NEW SPECIES OF HELICOID LAND SHELLS. Thalassia eyrtochila, n. sp. Pl. iui, figs. 2a—zb. Shell umbilicate, depressed, conoid, very finely arcuately striated, densely covered by excessively minute spiral lines, giving the shell a silky lustre, a little more shining below, amber coloured. Spire depressed, suture margined, apex obtuse. Whorls 4—45, a little convex, increasing slowly and regularly at first, the last rather suddenly, and dilated at the mouth, not descending in front, rounded at the periphery, convex below, swelling towards the mouth. Aperture a little oblique, roundly lunate, margins approaching ; peristome thin, straight, acute, columellar margin arcuate, dilated, slightly overhanging the moderate umbilicus. Diam maj. 9 millim., min. 7.5; alt. 5.5. Hab.—Long Reef, South Australia. With Badistes bednalli. Type in my collection. Allied to Thalassia villaris, Pfr., but more elevated, more rounded at the periphery and more swollen at the base. Trochonanina sykesi, n. sp. Pl. iv, figs. 7a—7b. Shell imperforate, finely striated, smooth, shining, pale, more or less radiately streaked transversely and covered above with crowded spiral opaque creamy lines which become sparser and darker below. Spire convex, suture linear becoming crenulate at the last whorl, apex obtuse. Whorls 5, flattened, in- creasing slowly and regularly, last whorl not descending in front, bluntly keeled at the periphery, convex below, excavated at the umbilical region. Aperture a little oblique, securiform ; margins distant ; peristome thin straight acute, columellar almost vertical, thickened, slightly dilated, white. Diam. maj. 8.5 millim., minor 8 ; alt. 6. Hab.—Marquesas. (Garrett 1879). Type in Mr. Sykes’ collection. Allied to 7. subrutila, Pfr., and chamisso7, Pfr., but more elevated in the spire than either The keeled periphery and the vertical columellar margin further separate it from 7. chaméssov. Charopa lifuana, n. sp. Pl. iv, figs. 6a—6c. Shell umbilicated, discoid, finely ribbed, fuscous, opaque, solid, spire flattened, suture rather deep. Whorls 5, increasing slowly, convex above, rounded at the periphery, tumid below, obtusely angulated round the wide umbilicus. Aperture scarcely oblique, subrotundate, margins approaching ; peristome straight, acute, sinuous ; upper margin arcuate, columellar receding over the umbilicus, not dilated. Diam. 3.5 millim. ; alt. 1.5. Hab.—Lifu, Loyalty group. Type in M. Sykes’ collection. Allied to C. vetula, Gass., but it possesses a wider umbilicus. GUDE: NINE NEW SPECIES OF HELICOID LAND SHELLS. 13 Charopa oehracea, 0. sp. Pl. iv, figs. 8a—8c. Shell umbilicated, lenticular, finely ribbed, pale ochreous, opaque, rather thin. Whorls 44, convex above, subangulated at the periphery, rounded below, spire flattened, suture channelled. Aperture a little oblique, subauriculate, margins approaching ; peristome straight, acute ; upper margin a little inflected, colum- ellar arcuate, slightly dilated ; umbilicus perspective. Diam. 2.5 millim. ; alt, 8. Hab.— Artillery Point, New Caledonia. Type in Mr. Sykes’ collection. Endodonta ('h.iun atodon) quadridens, n. sp. Pl. iv, figs. ga—gd. Shell umbilicate, lenticular, fulvous corneous, finely striated, thin, trans- lucent. Spire depressed, suture deep, apex obtuse. Whorls 4, convex, rounded at the periphery, last whorl not descending in front. Aperture scarcely oblique, semilunate, margins convergent, united by a thin callus ; peristome scarcely thickened, columellar margin slightly dilated. Within the aperture occur on the parietal wall two slender entering lamellae, at first parallel, but becoming anteriorly elevated and divergent ; on the parietal wall near the peristome four denticles : two on the outer margin, the first thin and conical, the second flattened semicircular, parallel with the peristome ; one on the basal margin, thin, conical; one on the columellar margin, flattened semicircular and also parallel with the peristome. Umbilicus moderate, showing three-quarters of the penultimate whorl. Diam. 1.5. millim. ; alt 0.5. Hab.— Artillery Point, New Caledonia. Type in Mr. Sykes’ collection. The nearest ally is £. derbesiana, Crosse, but that species has one broad tooth on the columellar margin and four conical denticles on the basal and outer margins. Chloritis linterae, n. sp. Pl. in, figs. 5a—s5d. Shell widely umbilicate, dark rufous above, lighter below. Spire plain, apex sunken, suture channelled. Whorls 4#, the first 2} increasing slowly, the last widening rather suddenly and slightly dilated at the mouth, obscurely angulated above, tumid below, obscurely angulated round the latter half of the wide umbilicus, which is steeply sloping near the mouth ; finely striated under a deciduous cuticle, densely covered with short stiff bristles, arranged in quincunx. Last whorl deeply descending in front. Aperture semiquadrate ; peristome thickened and reflexed, margins slightly convergent and united by a thin callus ; upper margin angularly curved, fuscous, ascend- ing shortly at first, then descending, outer margin also fuscous, rounded ; columellar whitish, straight, dilated and slightly overhanging the umbilicus. I4 GUDE: NINE NEW SPECIES OF HELICOID LAND SHEL! S. Diam. maj. 30 millim. ; min. 24; alt 19. Hab.-—Aru. Type in Miss Linter’s collection. This new species is allied to C. ino leomorpha, ‘Tapp., but it is higher in the axis, the aperture 1s less dilated transversely, the last whorl descends more deeply, and the umbilicus is considerably wider. ‘The absence of spiral grooves, and the angulated sutural channel further distinguishes it from that species. The rows of bristles are also placed at a different angle. Figures 5a—5c exhibit the shell in three different positions, while figure 5d shows the periostracum enlarged. Pleetotropis leucochila, n. sp. P]. in, figs. 1a—1c. Shell umbilicated, depressed conoid, rather thin, dull corneous, becoming whitish near the mouth and below; finely striated and decussated with crowded wavy spiral striae under 1 deciduous cuticle, which is densely covered with transverse rows of elongated raised scales. Spire conoid, suture im- pressed, apex obtuse. Whorls 5}— 5}, convex above, tumid below ; the last a little dilated towards the mouth and shortly descending in front, obtusely angulated at the periphery and round the widely perspective umbilicus. Aperture subcircular, oblique, margins convergent; peristome white, polished, thickened and reflected ; columellar margin dilated, slightly overhanging the umbilicus. Diam. maj. 16 millim., minor 13.5 ; alt. 8.5. Hab.—Java. ‘Type in my collection. In shape the present species resembles P. swmatrana, Mart., but that shell is much smaller, has an acutely keeled periphery and exceedingly minute scales. From P. rofatoria, Busch., it differs by the more depressed spire, more rounded periphery. more reflected peristome and by the umbilicus being more widened near the mouth, showing more of the penultimate whorl. A second specimen is darker than the type and measures: diam. maj. 17.5, min. 15; alt. 9.5 millim. EXPLANATION OF PLATES Ill & IV. Plate ili. Figs. ta, tc. Plectotropis leucochila, n. sp Figs. 2a, 2b. Thalassia cyrtochila, n. sp. Figs. 3a, 3b. Sitala pudica, n sp. Figs. ga, 4b. Thalassia cookensis, n. sp. Figs. 2a--5d. Chloritis linterae, n. sp. Plate iv. Fizs, 6.—6c. Charopa lifuana, n. sp. Figs. 7a, 7b. TVrochonanina sykesi, 1. sp. Pigs. 81—8e. Charopa ochracea, 1. sp. Figs. Qi—gd. Endodonta (Thaumatodon) guadridens, . sp. Figs. 10a—10c Cathaica hermanni, (Mildff.), Gude. Figs. l1a—iic Cathaica sturanyana (Rolle), Kob. Journ.of Malacology, 1905, Vol. XIL p*] PL 5 b. Src: A.H. Searle, del et lith A.S. Huth imp MEET RD BAND. “SEE Iss, ve &- Journof Malacology, i905, VoLXIL pth. PLIV. Tray. Palsy. Sis Srey 10 b. 10 a. 10c. AH. Searle, delet lith. REEIGOD? LAND Seis: NOTE ON A VARIETY OF PALUDESTRINA JENKINSI, E. A. SMITH. By H. OVERTON, Sutton Coldfield. THE shell here figured was collected by me some short time ago with other specimens of P. jenkinsi, E. A. Smith, many of which of were the keeled form, from the canal at Muckley Corner, near Wall, Staffordshire. As will be seen from the figures there are a number of minute spikes irregularly distri uted around the keel of the different whorls. In size and practically in all the other characters the shell is typical. If no such variety has hitherto been described I would suggest the name aculeata, var. nov. I am more interested, however, in learning something as to the probable cause which give rise to this very striking peculiarity, and should esteem the opinion of other Malacologists who are interested in the members of this genus. Paludestrina jeikinsi, ©. A. Smith. 16 CURRENT LITERATURE. NOTES. Names of Ammonites.—Several preoccupied generic names have lately been proposed for ammonites. as follows :— (1.) Platvtes, Mojsisovics, Abh. Geol. Reichsanst., vi, Abth. 1, p. 332, not of Gueneé, 1845 ; this may be called Protopflatytes, type P. neglectus (Platytes neglectus, Mojs.). (2.) Canavaria, Buckman, Emend. Ammonite Nomencl., 1902, not of Oppenheim, 1899 ; this has been changed by Cossmann to Canavariceras. (3.) Walkeria, Buckman, t.c., not of Desvoidy, 1863, ete. (4.) Braunsia, Buckman, t.c., not of Kriechbaumer, 1804. (5.) Deltoceras, Buckman, t.c., not of Hyatt, 1894. T. D. A. CQCKERELE. CURRENT LITERATURE. Pilsbry, H. A.—Manual of Conchology, ser. ii, vol. xvii (pt. 66), pp. 65—112, pls. 11—23. Philadelphia : Academy of Natural Sciences. Continuing the account of the genus Aclatina, Lamarck, the sub-genus Leptocala, Ancey, iS dealt with, also the genera Cochlitoma, Fér., Pilsbry, and Archachatina (Alb.), Pilsbry. Fleure, H. J.—On the Evolution of Topographical Relations among the Docoglossa. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., 1904, vol. ix, pp. 269—290, pls. 15—17. The affinities of the Docoglossa are difficult to trace on account of the antiquity of the group. Dr. Fleure, however, after a valuable study of the group, comes to the conclusion that we are only justified in hinting that they and the Bellerophontacea are two ot the earliest off-shoots from the Gastropod stem. In this paper the common ancestor of the Prosobranch Gastropods ; the foot and edge of shell, visceral hump, branchial cavity and heart, and consolidation of the visceral mass in the Docoglossa are discussed, and a valuable summary of Docoglossan evolution and affinities given. Fleure, H. J.—Zur Anatomie und Phylogenie von Haliotis. Jena. Zeitschr., 1904, Bd. xxxix, pp. 245—322, Tfn. ix —xiv. Simroth, H.—Ueber die von Herrn Dr. Mrazek in Montenegro gessammelten Nacktschnecken unter Hinzunahme verwandten Materials. Sitzber. Gesell. naturwiss. Prag, 1904, No. 26, pp. 1—25, 1 Tf. The new species, are: Liniax corcyrensis, L. mrazekt, and Agriolimaw attemsi. Murdoch, R.—On the Anatomy of Paryphanta fumosa, Tenison-Woods. Trans. N. Z. Inst., 1904, vol. xxxvi, pp. I156—1091, pl. vi. The specimen upon which the author worked was collected at Mount Farrell, north-west Tasmania, and is one of the rarest members of the genus. Its general anatomy does not appear to present any important differences, except in the form of attachment of the buccal-mass retractor. Nierstrasz, H. F.—Die Chitonen der Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie, Monog. xlvili, 1905, pp. {—114, Tin. i—viil. Dr. Nierstrasz in describing the Chitons of this Expedition has confined himself to the systematic side, and a description of the morphology of the shell. That the work is well done the author’s name isa sufficient guarantee. CURRENT LITERATURE. 17 The new genera, species, etc., are: Lepidopleurus giganteus. Acanthochites intermedius. Lepidopleurus simplex. A. (Notoplax) rubromaculatus. Lepidopleurius rissot. A. (Notoplax) unicus. Lepidopleurus lineatus. A. (Loboplax) holosericeus. Lepidopleurus planus. A. (Cryptoconchus) burrow. L. (Pilsbryella, n. sect.) setiger. Chiton speciosus. Ischnochiton variegatus. Chiton imbricatus. Callochiton sulcatus. Chiton reticulatus. Callistochiton carpentert. Tonicia sowerbyt. Craspedochiton tesselatus. Tonicia variegata. Squamophora oviformis, gen.etsp.nov. Tonicia reticulata. Leptoplax varius. Tonicia tvdemani. Acanthochites biformis. Squamopleura tmitator, gen. et sp.nov. Suter, Henry.—New Land-Shells from New Zealand. Proc. Malac. Soc. Lond., 1904, vol. vi, pp. 155—157, figs. I—6, The new species are Riiytida dufplicata, and Endodonta (Charopa) transenna, A sinistral specimen of Laoma moellendorffi is also recorded, and a new sub-species (lepida) of Realia turriculata, Pir. Dautzenberg, Ph.— Observation sur le genra Vaucheria, Pallary. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1904, t. xxix, p. 211. According to M. Bavay the shell for which M. Pallary constituted the new genus Vaucheria, is only a calcareous plate, the tergum, of the Cirripede Pollicipes cornucopia, Leach, Jensen, Ad. S.—Studier over nordiske Mollusker. iii. Tellina (Macoma). N.E, Vidensk. Meddel. Kbhvn., 1905, pp. 21—52, T. 1. Jensen, Ad. S.—Pecten frigidus, nomen Pecteni profundorum maris polaris incolae novum datum. Ibid., 1904, pp. 305—311, 2 figs. Wilson, E. B.—Experimental Studies in Germinal Localization. il. Experiments the Cleavage-Mosaic in Patella and Dentalium. Journ. exper, Zool., 1904, vol. i, pp. 197—2061, 118 figs. Glaser, 0. C.—Excretory Activities in the Nuclei of Gastropod Embryos. Amer, Nat., 1904, vol. 38, pp. 513—519, 2 figs. Baker, F. C.—Spire Variation in Pyramidula alternata. Ibid., pp. 661— 668, 4 figs. Jensen, C. A. & Sell, C.—Beitriige der Molluskenfauna Danemarks. Nachr. Deutsch. Malak. Gesell., 1904, pp, 117—123. Casteel, D. B.—The Cell-Lineage and Early Larval Develcpment of Fiona marina, a nudibranch, Mollusk. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1904, vol. lvi, pp. 325— 405, pls. Xxxi—xxxv. Gulick, A —The Fossil land Shells of Bermuda. Ibid., pp. 406—425, pl. xxxvi. Pilsbry, H. A. & Vanatta, E. G.— On certain Rhachiglossate Gastropoda eliminated from the Aguillidae. Ibid,, pp. 591—595, figs. I—5. Pilsbry, H. A.—New Japanese Marine Mollusca : Pelecypoda. Ibid., pp. 550—561, pls. xxxix—xli. 18 CURRENT LITERATURE. Dautzenberg, Ph. et Bavay, A.—Description dun Amussiuim nouveau dragué par le Siboga dans la mer de Celebes. Journ. de Conchyl., 1904, vol. lii, pp, 207—211, fig. Dautzenberg, Ph.—Variations et cas teratologiques chez le Murex brandaris, Linne. Ibid., pp. 285—287, pl. viil. Cockerell, T. D. A—Note on the Nomenclature of the Snails usually called Pupa. Naut., 1905, vol. xvili, pp. 103, 104. Pilsbry, H. A.—Notes on the Nomenclature of Pupillidac, Ibid., pp. 105—107. Piisbry, Henry A.—New Clausiliidae of the Japanese Empire.—x. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1904, pp. 809—8328, pls. lii—lvii. In this, the tenth article upon Japanese Clausiliidae Dr. Pilsbry describes a series of specialised forms from the Ryukyu Islands and Satsuma and its islands. As a who'e they are more specialised than those of either China or Japan, and bear out the proposition the author has elsewhere advanced, that insular faunas age more rapidly than those of larger or continental areas. There are six new sections described, twenty-four new species, nine sub-species, and one variety. EDITOR’S NOTES. During the year 1905 the science of Malacology has been robbed ef two distinguished students in the persons of Dr. Eduard von Martens, of Berlin, and D. F. Heynemann, of Frankfort on Main. Scarcely had the New Year entered than we re- ceived the sad news of the death of Professor G. B. Howes, a past President of the London Malacological Society. There are few zoologists who have not at some time or other sought Professor Howes’ aid or advice, and his removal will leave a blank which will not easily be filled. THE TOUR AL. OF WAL ACOE OGY. No.2. JUNE 29TH, 1905 Vor err DESCRIPTION OF A NEW FLAMMULINA FROM NEW ZEALAND. 3y HENRY SUTER. (Plate v.) Flammulina (Thalassohelix) laingi, n. sp. Pl. v, figs. 1—8. Shell (figs. 1—3) globosely depressed, semitransparent, smooth, imperforate, with very fine close set lines of growth, which are crossed by numerous microscopic spiral lirae, more distinctly visible on the base. The colour is rufous-horny, whitish round the umbilical region. ‘The epidermis is thin, slightly shining. Spire but little elevated, conoidal ; the pullus consists of 14 obtuse whorls, which are very faintly radiately striate, and show indis- tinct microscopic spiral lines. _Whorls 4, the last rapidly increasing, they are flatly convex, broadly rounded at the periphery and slightly impressed in the centre of the base. Suture impressed. Aperture oblique, broadly lunately oval. Peristome simple, straight, outer lip rounded, basal margin and inner lip slightly arched, the latter is strongly callous above and reflexed over the umbilical region, a broad thin callus unites the converging margins. There is no umbilicus, not even in the young stage. Diam. maj. 14, min. 11.5 ; height 9 millim. Hal.—One adult specimen, containing the animal, and a young empty shell were found on Longwood Range near Otautau, Southland, New Zealand, and kindly presented to me by Mr. Rob. M. Laing, M.A., B.Sc., of Christchurch, and I have much pleasure in uniting his name with the species. Type in my collection. ‘This very handsome shell is most nearly allied to our Hlammulina (s. str. ) compressivoluta, Reeve, and also to F. ( Thalassohelix) fordei, Brazier, from ‘Tasmania, both of which, however, are about one-third smaller. It is Journ. OF MALAC., 1905, vol. xii, No. 2. 20 DESCRIPTION OF A NEW FLAMMULINA FROM NEW ZEALAND. the only imperforate species of the sub-genus Thalassohelix I know. The animal is of a yellowish brown colour, with a black band and spots on the mantle, distinctly visible through the shell on its periphery. The caudal pore (Fig. 4) 1s very distinct in this species, and is surrounded by a number of roundish papillae. The jaw (Fig. 5) is arcuate, thin and fragile, com- posed of exceedingly fine vertical lamellae. ‘The radula (Fig. 6) is tongue- shaped, composed of many, about roo, transverse rows of teeth which have the formula 28—7—1—7—28. The rhachidian tooth has a mesocone ex- tending a little beyond the base, and two minute ectocones. ‘The lateral teeth are very similar to the rhachidian ; the transition teeth show the entocone and mesocone fused together into one, a small ectocone being left. The marginals have apparently only the mesocone left, and there is on most teeth a minute ectocone present, which sometimes is split up into two. This dentition is that characteristic of the sub-genus Thalassohelix, in which, however, the ectocones of the rhachidian tooth are mostly obsolete and the marginals with a mesocone only. The digestive and reproductive organs (Figs. 7-8) are those we usually find in Flammulina, Endodonta and Laoma. ‘Vhe salivary glands are fused tozether and the stomach is rather large. The vas deferens enters the distal end of the penis sac exactly at the place where the retractor muscle is affixed ; the penis is covered with rugosities of irregular shape. REFERENCE LETTERS. b.c. Buccal mass. rs. Receptaculum seminis. di. gl. Digestive gland. s.d. Salivary duct. int. Intestine. s. gl. Salivary gland. p. Penis. st. Stomach. Ws Rectum. v.d. Was deferens. rm. Retractor muscle. EXPLANATION OF PLATE V. Figs. 1, 3, Shell of Flammulina laing/, n. sp. Fig. 4. Caudal pore, magnified. Bigs 5: Jaw, greatly magnified. Eig! Teeth of Radula, x 240. Fis. 7: Digestive organs, magnified, Fig. 8. Reproductive organs (part only), magnified. Journ.of Malacolo gy.1905, Vol. All pte. Pl: ‘ di gl H.S., del. at nat. Huth Lith? London FLAMMULINA (THALOSSOHELIX) LAINGI, n.sp. ON CHLORITIS (AUSTROCHLORITIS) PELODES, PFR., AND PSEUDOPRUNUM, PILS. By HUGH C. FULTON. In Vol. wim, p. 271, pl. 55. figs. 13—15. of the ‘“ Manual of Conchology,” Dr. Pilsbry describes and gives the name of psewdoprunum to the form identified by authors as prunwm, Veér., which form is, no doubt, as Pilsbry suggests, a species of Baclistes. After the description Pilsbry adds a note :—‘“This form might be referred to H. pelodes Pfr., were it not for the fact that the colour and measurements given by Pfeiffer do not correspond with it.” Having examined the type specimen of H. pelodes in the British Museum, I have no hesitation in saying that it is the same form as pseudoprunum, Pils. With regard to the measurements, the species varies, some specimens being more globular than others, and as to colour, I can quite understand some describing the shell as reddish-brown, (Pfeiffer puts it rubello-fusca”) or as light-brown, as Pilsbry puts it, others might term it a dirty-white colour. ON DRYMAEUS EURYOSTOMUS, PHIL., AND HAMADRYAS, PHIL. By HUGH C. FULTON. The British Museum has recently acquired a fine series of specimens from Chanchamayo, Peru, which show that the above species are one and the same. D. euryostomus differs only in coloration from hamadryas, the former being of a uniform creamy-white colour, whilst hamadryas has the same ground colour, but is ornamented with irregular brown stripes. Judging from the series in the British Museum, this species varies greatly in coloration, much in the same way as membielinus, Cr., and coynata, Pils. Mr. Edgar A. Smith, LS.O., and Mr. S. I. Da Costa also agree as to the identity of the two forms in question. s0th were described in the Malak Blatt., 1867, xiv. p 68., but the name euryostomus appears first on the page. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF PAPUINA, PLANISPIRA (CRISTIGIBBA), STROPHOCHEILUS (BORUS), AND DRYMAEUS. By HUGH C. FULTON. (Plate vi.) Papuina lilium, n. sp. Pl. vi, fig. 4. = zganthochila var. Cox: P.Z.S., 1873, p. 567, pl. 48, fig. 7; Tryon’s Man. of Conch., vol. vii, p. 15, pl. 9, fig. 69. This shell, although it bears a general resemblance to «wanthochila, Pfr., is quite distinct. It differs from that species in the following respects :—it has one whorl less (54), the whole shell is broader in proportion to its height, the peristome is pure white, much more widely expanded, and is strongly scored or crenulated behind. Maj. diam. 31, alt. 42 millim. Hab.—Solomon Islands. (ex coll. Dr. J. C. Cox). Papuina (Dendrotrochus) pumila, n. sp. Pl vi, fig-75 Shell trochiform. imperforate, rather thin, covered with a slight yellowish- green epidermis, white beneath suture thread-margined ; whorls 5, convex. the last acutely carinated at the periphery, swollen and then constricted just before its termination, not descending; aperture sub-ovate, glassy-white within ; peristome very oblique, thin and scarcely expanded at right margin, but somewhat thickened and expanded at the basal portion, slightly decreas- ing in width towards point of insertion. Maj. diam. 13, alt. 9 millim. Hab. — New Ireland. In its general character, especially in having the constriction at rear of aperture, similar to py«ts, Hinds, but quite distinct by its different form (pyxis being almost as high as it is broad), its larger size and non-descending last whorl, SPECIES OF PAPUINA, PLANISPIRA, STROPHOCHEILUS AND DRYMAEUS. 23 Papuina suprapicta, n. sp. Pie vi, tie. 7. Shell moderately solid, imperforate, broadly trochoid, whitish above, the upper surface of last whorl greenish-yellow, irregularly covered with a mottled dark-brown somewhat deciduous periostracum, the under-side being of a greenish-yellow colour sharply separated at the periphery by a narrow white band which is continued above at the suture of the last whorl, rather sharply carinated at periphery of | ody whorl ; whorls 55, moderately convex, regular- ly increasing, smooth except for the somewhat conspicuous lines of growth, on the under-side of the last whorl there are traces of impressed spiral lines ; aperture very oblique, white within ; peristome rather broadly expanded and slightly reflected, leaden whitish colour, descending somewhat at its termina- tion. Maj. diam. 26, alt. 18 millim. Hab.—New Mecklenburg (New Ireland). Comes next to humilis, Fult., but is of a flatter form, further, the more oblique aperture, carinate last whorl, and different coloration above separate it from that species. Planispira (Cristigibba) tectorium, n. sp. Pl; vi, ie. 3: Shell discoidal, moderately depressed, umbilicus about 2 millim. wide, sub- transparent white with a narrow, pale yellowish brown band encircling the last whorl just above the periphery and continued at the suture of the penultimate whorl, spire convex, almost smooth, the oblique lines of growth not very conspicuous ; whorls 5, slightly convex, last descending to the periphery ; aperture very oblique, outer band shewing through ; peristome rather thin, constricted behind the last whorl, slightly above, but deeply behind the columellar portion, right margin slightly expanded, rather broadly so at columellar portion, which has a slight tubercular swelling about the middle. Maj. diam. 20, alt. 12 millim. Hab.—New Guinea (coll. Dr J. C. Cox). By its coloration and non-planate spire, this species differs from any other of the group known to me. Strophocheilus (Borus) rugosus, n.n. = santacruzi, Pfr.: Monog. Hel,, Vol. 11, p, 23., Novit. Conch., vol. i, p. 416, pl. 95, figs. 1, 2. = santacruzt, Pilsbry: Tryon’s Manual, vol. x, p. 17, pl. 4, fig. 3. Strophocheilus santacruzi, Orbigny, of which I have seen type in the Orbigny collection, and also a co-type from the Morelet collection (ex Paris Museum), is quite distinct from the specimens identified as that species by Pfeiffer and Pilsbry. 24 SPECIES OF PAPUINA, PLANISPIRA, STROPHOCHEILUS AND DRYMAEUS. S. santacruzi, Orb., described in the “Mag. de Zool,” 1835. Moll., p. 15, and figured in the ‘ Voyage dans L’Amerique meridionale ” p. 302, t. 38, figs. 1, 2, is a much smoother shell, the two lower nepionic whorls are sculptured with fine close-set raised striae, and the post-nepionic whorls are covered with a fine spiral granulation. The lower nepionic whorls of ;wgosus have rather distant strong radial riblets, the penultimate whorl is granulated, but the last has no granulation, but strong rugose oblique striae or lines of growth. Comparatively speaking, ruyosus is a rough-looking shell, while santacruzt is a smooth one. Strophocheilus (Borus) versatilis, n. sp. Pl Vij Aas Shell almost imperforate, the opening consisting of a slight chink, oblong- ovate, solid, yellowish-brown with darker oblique stripes, spire short ; whorls 5}, moderately convex, the first two smooth, the next 15 having rather distant, strong, oblique riblets, the middle whorls finely granulated, the last conspicuously malleated, more especially on the last half-whorl, nepionic whorls 34; aperture narrowly ovate, whitish within ; peristome white, thick- ened and rather expanded, slightly depressed at base of columellar margin, right margin suddenly thickening about half-way down, causing a somewhat tubercularlike projection ; a thick white callus over the parietal wall con- necting the margins of the peristome. Alt. 98, maj. diam. 49 millim. Hab.—(Brazil ?). This partakes of the characteristics of several known species ; in form it is similar to awritus, Sowb., the sculpture of the middle whorls is like that of cantagallanus, Rang., and its nepionic and last whorls have similar sculp- ture to that of bronni, Pfr. Strophocheilus (Borus) semimalleatus, n. sp. IPAS vis, tiene: Shell imperforate, solid, oval, yellowish-brown cuticle below, reddish-brown above ; whorls nearly 6, first one smooth, the next three with rather con- spicuous close-set oblique striae, last whorl with more distant, irregular lines of growth and plainly malleated, slightly ascending at its termination ; aperture oval, light brown within ; peristome thickened but expanded only at the collumellar margin, white, continued across the parietal wall by a white callus connecting the right margin. Maj. diam. 51, alt. go millim. Hab.—Peru. Type in collection of J. J. MacAndrew, F.L.S. LAND SHELLS. SPECIES, OF NEW SPECIES OF PAPUINA, PLANISPIRA, STROPHOCHEILUS AND DRYMAEUS. No On Readily distinguished from huascar?, ‘Tschudi, to which it bears some resemblance in form and coloration, by its finely obliquely striated proto- conch and by the absence of the spiral granulation found on that species. Drymaeus regularis, n. sp. PR vig cite yG: Shell very narrowly umbilicate, oval acuminate, moderately solid, almost smooth, numerous microscopic, close-set spiral lines, which are (under the lens) more conspicuous on the last whorl, cream-coloured ground orna- mented by a spiral series of small dark-brown spots just above the periphery, and zigzag stripes below ; the nepionic whorls are horn-coloured, with the usual characteristic Drymaeus sculpture ; whorls 6, moderately convex, last about as long as the spire, and slightly ascending at termination ; aperture oval, violet within, exterior markings shewing through ; peristome broadly expanded, violet, paler at margin, thin, columellar margin dilated at point of insertion. Maj. diam. 16, alt. 31 ; peristome, maj. diam. 13, alt. 17 millim. Hab.—Chanchamayo, Peru. Near s?milaris, Moric., from which it can be readily distinguished by its broader and lilac-coloured peristome. The colour-markings of regularis are smaller and more spirally arranged than in s¢mdlaris, in which the stripes are longitudinally ziczag. EXPLANATION OF PLATE VI. Fig. 1. Strophochetlus (Borus) versatilis, un. sp. Fig. 2. Strophocheilus (Borus) semimatlleatus, n. sp. Fig Planispira (Cristigibba) tectorimm, n. sp. 3 Fig. 4. Papuina lilium, n. sp. 5. Papuina (Dendrotrochus) pumila, n. sp. Fig. 6. Bulimulus (Drymacus) regularis, n. sp. Fig. 7. Papuina suprapicta, o. sp. NOTE ON THREE SPECIES OF PEEECYPODS: By EDGAR A. SMITH, LS.O., British Museum (Natural History) London. 1.—Crassatellites ponderosus (Gmelin). In the Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 1904, part 1, Mr. C. Hedley, in a valuable paper on some Australian Mollusca, has questioned the propriety of calling a species of Crassatellites, C. kingicola, Lamarck, substituting the name of ponderosus of Gmelin. This species was founded by the latter author on figures and a descrip- tion published by Chemnitz in “ Der Naturforscher,” Stiick xix (1783) pp. 185, 186, pl. viii, and in the ‘‘Conchylien Cabinet ” (1784), vol. vi, pp. 61, 62, pl. Ixix, figs. A—p, the latter figures being rough copies of those in “ Der Naturforscher.” 1 feel quite certain that the shell figured by Chemnitz is not the same as the well-known C. kingicola, Lamarck. In the first place the form is different, being shorter and squarer, and the posterior end is both less narrowed and prolonged. Then again, in Aingicola the posterior ad- ductor scar is invariably of a very dark brown colour which is not mentioned by Chemnitz and is not likely to have been overlooked by him if it existed in his specimen, and still further, why should the artist draw a crenulated edge to the valves, a feature non-existent in C. kinyicola, if it were not present in the shell before him, and why did Chemnitz write “‘ margine subcrenulato ” in his latin diagnosis, and refer, in his further description, to “‘den feinen Kerben ihres Randes und Umrisses ” ? Mr. Hedley states that Gmelin incorrectly gives “ margine crenulato ” as a character, and that his error arose from the fact that Chemnitz’s artist used a dotted line to represent the inner edge of the valve-margin. He also observes ‘‘the pallial line, which could hardly be ‘crenulated,’ is indicated by a similar dotted line.” Mr. Hedley never saw the original figures in the ‘““ Naturforscher,” and apparently could not have closely followed the descrip- tion given by Chemnitz or he could not have made these statements. Gmelin evidently had both seen the figures and read the description, and consequently was quite justified in writing “margine crenulato.” For the information of those who may not have the opportunity of seeing the work in question, I may mention that the pallial line is properly drawn in both figures of the in- terior of the valves and not dotted as it appears inthe rough copies in the ‘“Conchylien Cabinet.” I am of opinion that Lamarck, followed by Deshayes and others, was quite right in considersng Gmelin’s species the same as the Grignon fossil, ©. tumida, Lamarck. It agrees in form, sculpture, the enormously thick hinge and the crenulated margin. NOTE ON THREE SPECIES OF PELECYPODS. 27 Chemnitz’s specimen was presented to him by the Messrs. Favanne de Montcervelle who were not certain of its locality, but merely state that it was given to them as having been collected on the coast of New Guinea. This I regard as altogether erroneous, and I have no doubt as to its being the fossil shell. 2.—Area pistachia, Lamarck. Mr. Hedley (l.c. supra, p. 202) regards this species the same as A. radula which I described in the Report upon the ‘‘ Challenger” Lamellibranchiata, but I cannot admit that he is the least justified in so doing on the grounds stated by him. Lamarck’s description is altogether inadequate for the de- termination of any species, and he neither gave nor referred to any figure. He described his shell as “‘ ovata” and “ extus grisea,” characteristics which certainly are not applicable to A. radula. Mr. Hedley also observes,— ‘‘Tamarck’s “intus fusco-nigricante; natibus proximis ” are recognition-marks which distinguish the species from Australian congeners.” This, however, is not true, for both A. fasciata, Reeve, and A. fusca, Bruguiere have the interior more or less dark coloured, and the umbones quite as close together as they are in A. radula. Perhaps M. Lamy, who is studying the Arcida, may throw some light upon this subject, but at present I cannot see there are any grounds for uniting the species in question. Mr. Lamy does not quote A. pistachia in his list of species preserved in the Paris Museum with Lamarck’s labels, but merely refers to Deshayes’s opinion that it differs little from A. fusca. Timor and King Island, the localities given by Lamarck, do not assist us in the identification as they are in different seas on opposite sides of Australia. i 3.—Cardium bechei, Reeve. This very fine Cardiwm was originally described by Reeve (Proc. Zool. Soc., 1847, p. 25), the description subsequently being reproduced in the Zoology of the Samarang with the word “we” substituted for “JZ”; hence it is that Adams and Reeve have generally been regarded as the joint authors of the species. The original reference, however, has not been entirely overlooked, as stated by Mr. Hedley (1.c. p. 95), for Tryon in his catalogue of Carddidae (Amer. Journ. Conch., vol. vil, p. 268) gives it correctly although he places the authors’ joint names after the species probably in deference to Reeve’s wish that the species should stand under his own and Adams’s name, for we Cannot suppose that he was unaware of having a year previously described the species when he reproduced the original description with the slight alter ation referred to. The two very fine specimens in the British Museum mentioned by Melvill and Standen (J. Linn. Soc. Zool., vol. xxvii, p. 192) were received from the Chinese Court of the International Fisheries Exhibition of 1883. They are quite as large and in as perfect condition as the shell figured by Dunker in his Index Moll. Maris Japonici, pl. xv, figs. 1—3. 28 CURRENT LITERATURE. Correction. In the April number of the Journal an unfortunate error crept into Mr. G. K. Gude’s paper. On page 13, under Charopa ochracea, n. sp., the eighth line should read Diam. 2.5 millim. ; alt 1. and not alt. 8 as printed. CURRENT LITERATURE. Pilsbry, H. A.—Manual of Conchology, ser. ii, vol. xvii (pt. 67), pp. 113—208, pls. 24—43. Philadelphia : Academy of Natural Sciences. The present part continues the account of the Achatinidae. Under Archachatina a new variety of A. rhodostonia (Phil.), v. splendida is described and v. adelinae, nov. of A. papyracea (Pfir.), both from West Africa. The following genera are then dealt with : Columina, Perry, Callistoplepa, Ancey, Homorus, Albers, under the sub-genus Subulona, Marts. of the last-mentioned genus H. pattalus is a new species from Cape Palmas, Liberia, also H. opeas. Then follow accounts of the genera Ceras, Dup. and Putz., Pseudoglessula, Boettg., Chilonopsis, F. de Waldh. (and the sub-genus Cleos/yla, Dall), Trichodina, Ancey, with T. aratispira a new species from Liberia (?), the part concluding with accounts of Clavator, Marts., and Rrebeckia, Marts., in part. Hoyle, William E.—The Cephalopoda. From the Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, vol. ii, supplement i, pp. 975—988, pl. xcv, text-figs. 144—153. The actual number of specimens identified in this collection is thirteen, of which the prize is undoubtedly a specimen of Ancistrochirus lesueurt, which was found floating on the surface. One new species is described, Polypus gardinert. Bloomer, H. H.—On the Anatomy of certain species of Siliqua and Ensis. Proc. Malac. Soc. Lond., 1905, vol, vi, pp. 173 —196, pl. xii. Mr. Bloomer describes the anatomy of Siliqua patula (Dixon), from which S. costata (Say) differs only in certain points in the shell. Emsis directus (Conrad), he finds closely resembles E. ensis, as does also E. minor, Dall. Eliot, C. N. E.—Notes on two rare Nudibrauchs, Hero formosa, var. arborescens, and Staurodoris maculata. Proc. Malac. Soc. Lond., 1905, vol. vi, pp. 239—243. From St. Andrews, N.B., the author has received specimens of a well marked variety (arborescens, n. var.) of Hero formosa, which possibly may merit specific rank. The other species, Staurodoris maculata (Garst.), is from Plymouth. Possibly this is von Thering’s St. psewdoverrucosa, {rom Naples, and the Doris eubalia of Fischer, from Arcachon, the young of this species. Blanford, W. T.—Descriptions of Indian and Burmese Land-Shells referred to the Genera Macrochlamys, Bensonia, Taphrospira (gen. nov.), Microcystina, Euplecta, and Polita. Proc, Zool. Soc., 1904, pp. 441—447, pl. xxv. The new species are Bensonia nepalensis, Nevill MS., Taphrospira (gen. nov.), type 1. convallata, Bs., T. excavata, Macrochlamys kuluensis, Nevill MS., M. superflua, M. (?) atoma, Fairbank MS., M. prava, M. rutila, M. chaos, M. notha, M. noxta, M. curvilabris, M. spreta, M. patens, M. pseudochoinix, Microcystina stuarti, Godwin-Austen MS., M. shevaroyana, Euplecta pulchella, and Polita (2) turbinata. CURRENT LITERATURE. 2g Nierstrasz, H. F.—Bemerkungen ueber die Chitonensammlung im Zoologischen Museum zu Leiden. Notes from the Leyden Mus., 1905, vol. xxv, pp. 141—159, pl. 9, 10. The author describes and figures the following new species: Callistochiton Ieidensis, and C. porosus, and gives notes and figures on other species. Farran, G. P.—Report on the Opisthobranchiate Mollusca collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. From Rpt. on Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Roy. Soc. Lond., 1905, pp. 329—304, pls. i—iv. The collection comprises thirty species of Nudibranchs, of which nine are new, twelve are fairly well-known tropical species, four are identified with species described by Abraham or Quoy and Gaimard, but of which little was known, and five are too small to identify satisfactorily. The new speciesare: Hervia ceylonica, Galvina producta, Linguella cinerea, Platydoris herdmani, P. (7) spinulosa, Halgerda punctata, Thordisa (?) caudata, Chromodorts tenuilinearis, and Aegires villosus. Of the Tectibranchiata there are seventeen species, of which seven are described as new, viz., Aplysia intermedia, Phyllaplysia albomaculata, P. pellucida, Aplysiella mollis, Dolabrifera marginata, Notarchus ceylonicus, and Pleurobranchus hornellt. An Appendix records Onchidium verruculatum, Cuv., and Marsenta perspicua (Linn.). Eliot, C.—On some Nudibranchs from East Africa and Zanzibar. Part vi. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1905, pp. 268—208, pls. xvi, xvii. The following new species are described : Orodoris striata, Doto africana, Hervia lineata, Phidiana tenuts, Facelina lineata, Stiligar varians, S. irregularis, and Elysia dubia, Nineteen other species are recorded with notes thereon. Eliot, C. N. E.—On some Nudibranchs from the Pacific, including a new genus, Chromodoridella. Proc. Malac. Soc. Lond., 1905, vol. vi, pp. 229—238. The author states that the type of this new genus (C. mirabilis) ‘““may be succinctly described as a Cliromodoris with the branchial pocket situated, not on the dorsal surface, but on the under side of the body, and pointing downwards.” The author confesses to considerable doubt as to whether it is a normal form or a monstrosity. Saeeo, F —I Molluschi dei terreni terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguita, Torino, 1904, pp. i—XXxvi. Lebour, M. V.—Additions to the List of the Marine Mollusca of Northumberland. Rpt. Sci. Inv. Northumberland Sea Fish. Comm., 1904, p. 85. Ihering, H. von.—On the genus Tomigerus, Spix, with descriptions of new species. Proc. Malac, Soc. Lond., 1905, vol. vi, pp. 197—199, figs. 1—3. Suter, Henry.—Notes on some New Zealand Pleurotomidae. Ibid., pp. 200, 201. Suter, Henry.—Notes on some species of Chione from New Zealand. Ibid., pp. 202—205. Dall, W. H.—An arrangement of the American Cyclostomatidae, with a revision ot the nomenclature. Ibid., pp. 2o8—210, figs. 1, 2. Jukes-Brown. H. J.—A Review of the genera of the family Mytilidac. Ibid., pp. 211—224. Melvill, J. C. and Standen, R.--Rostellaria delicatula, Nevill. Note upon its dis- tribution and limits of variation. Journ. Conch., 1905, vol. ii, pp. 161—163, pl. ii. 30 CURRENT LITERATURE. Melvill, J. C.—The sub-genus Casmaria, H. and A. Adams, of Cassis, Lamarck. Ibid., pp. 176—178. Melvill, J. C.—Four Colour Varieties of Cypraea. Ibid., p. 192. Vayssiere, A.—Etude sur les coquilles de quelques Cyfraea. Journ. de Conchyl., 1905, Vol. lili, pp. 5—17, pl. 1. Bavay, A.—Sur quelques espéces nouvelles, mal connues on faisant double emploi dans le genre Pecten. Ibid., pp. 18—30, pl. ii. Vignal, L.—Note sur la section Pyrazus dans le genre Potaniudes, et description d’une espece nouvelle. Ibid, pp 31—45, fig. THE JOURNAL OF MALACOLOGY. = a Noi: SEPTEMBER 29TH, 1905. Vou. XII. NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. By Prorrssor T. D. A. COCKERELL anp SIR C. ELIOT, K.C.M.G. (Plates vii and viii.) The animals described below were collected by Mr. Cockerell at San Pedro and La Jolla in South California (about 33° S). He also supplied the coloured sketches and accounts of the living animals which added much to the value of the present paper, and I have, therefore, coupled his name with mine as one of the authors, since it was not always possible to quote his descriptions as they generally take the form of a few words written at the sides of rough sketches. But he is not responsible for the descriptions of the preserved specimens or for any of the views expressed in the following pages. The new specific names are due to him, the generic names to me. Some of the specimens had been deposited in the British Museum, and I have to thank Mr. E. A. Smith for kindly allowing me to examine them. The collection contains the following species :— 1. Tritonia palmeri, Cooper. 2. Archidoris montereyensis juv. (Cooper). 3. Cadlina favomaculata, MacFarland. 4. C. marginata, MacFarland. 5. Chromodoris calyforniensis, Bergh. = Chr. universitatis, Cockerell. 6. Doridopsis vidua (?), Bergh. 7. WD. reticulata, n. sp. 8. Acanthodoris rhodoceras, n. sp. 9. Laila cockerelli, MacFarland. to. Triopha sp. t1. Aegires albopunctatus, MacFarland. 12. Dirona picta, MacFarland. 13. Janolus coeruleopictus, n. sp. 14. Spurilla chromosoma, n. sp. 15. Hermissenda opalescens (Cooper). 16. Phyllobranchopsis enteromorphae, gen. et spec. noy. Journ. oF MALac., 1905, vol. xii, No. 3. ho NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. The specimens are small and the majority are not well preserved. This is especially regretable in the case of the two rather remarkable new genera Dirona and Phyllobranchopsis, but the characters which can be established with certainty seem to warrant the descriptions here given. The small size of the specimens, particularly the Dorids, is noticeable. It does not appear to be charactistic of the Californian fauna for it is not supported either by Mac Farland’s observations or by my own made when visiting this coast in 1899. Mr. Cockerell collected both at San Pedro and La Jolla in July and August. It seems probable that the animals spawn early in the summer so that at this period young and half-grown individuals are prevalent. The specimens of Hermissenda on the other hand are larger than those recorded hitherto. The latitude of San Pedro and La Jolla is about the same as that of the Canary Islands, and as far as the nudibranchs of this part of the Atlantic are known, the character of the fauna in this group seems much the same in both Oceans. The northern element appears to be the stronger, as shown by the prevalence of forms like Archidoris, Cadlina, Acanthodoris, Aldisa, Rostanga and various Polycerids, while such tropical genera as Chromodoris and Dorid- opsis are sparingly represented. Platydoris, so common in the Indo-Pacific, has not yet been found in California, but Chromodoris appears to extend further north than in the Atlantic, being recorded from Puget Sound. Specially characteristic of this coast is the number of Polycerids, both in species and individuals, such as Triopha and Laila. Aeolids are also abundant. Another remarkable feature of the nudibranch fauna of the Pacific coast of North America is the number of species closely resembling or even iden- tical with those found in the northern Atlantic. Bergh considers that Archidoris tuberculata, Acanthodoris pilosa, Lamellidoris bilame/lata, Den- dronotus arborescens as found in these waters are not specifically distinguish- able from the Atlantic forms. Spurilla chromosoma is nearly related to Sp. neapolitana, Aeolidia herculea to Ae. papillosa, Tritonia palmeri to T. plebeia and T. lineata, Aegures albopunctatus to Ae. punctilucens, Adalaria pacifica to A. proxima. It is noticeable also that the fauna of New Zealand and the extreme south of the Pacific as far as it is known presents many analogies to that of the northern Pacific and northern Atlantic. On the other hand, some of the commonest Californian nudibranchs belong to genera which have not been found elsewhere, such as Triopha, Laila, Hermissenda The nudibranchs of this coast were first noticed by Cooper and Stearns, but the most important contributions to our knowledge of them, are con- tained in Bergh’s Nudibranchiate Gastropoda of the North Pacific (1879), published in Dall’s Scientific Results of the Exploration of Alaska, and Mac Farland’s Preliminary account of the Dorididae of Monterey Bay, California (Proc. Biological Society of Washington, Feb. 2nd, 1905, vol. xviil.). It is understood that the latter author is about to publish a fuller account of the NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. 3 Dorididae with plates, and will also deal with the Aeolididae. Even the preliminary diagnoses are models of lucidity, but I must confess that I yo not at present see why a new genus is required for Montereina, or why Hopkinsia is separated from Idalia. Tritonia palmeri, Cooper. Bi ivai, figs: 1,2: Cooper: Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1863, II. p. 207; Cockerell: Nautilus, 1902, xv. p. 117. One small specimen from Dead Man’s Island, San Pedro, found be- tween tides. The notes on the living animal state that it was about 17 millim. long, white, but strongly suffused with yellow dorsally. ‘The back is des- cribed as rugose with small warts. There were five or six “ ramose branchial lamellae ” on either side. The alcoholic specimen is 10 millim. long, nearly 5 broad, and 4 high. It is very badly preserved and little can be made out of the external charac- ters except that the shape is square and thick set, and that the oral veil bears about 10 digitate processes. The tail is short and broad. The central nervous system is whitish and granulate, apparently much as in 7’. Hombergi. The eyes are large and black ; the jaws are long, yellow- ish with 4—6 rows of very strong and distinct denticles on the edge and a mosaic pattern behind them. The formula of the radula is 36 x about 35. 1. 1. 1. 35 asa maximum, but many of the rows are considerably shorter. The median tooth (Fig. 1a.) bears three very distinct thick cusps, that in the centre pointed, those at the sides rounded. The first lateral (Fig. 14) has a broad base, but is distinctly hamate, the hook coming over the side of the median tooth. The remaining laterals (Fig. 2) are rather straight and not very thick. Those near the out- side are longer but the outermost are shorter. No armature was discovered in the stomach. This form appears to be clearly distinct from 7. tetraquetra, gigantea, exsulans, and diomedea recorded from the Pacific coast of North America and to be allied to 7. (Candiella) plebetaand lineata. It is distinguished by its coloration and the larger number of processes on the velum. The den- tition appears to resemble that of 7. lineata rather than 7. plebeia, but the teeth are not a very certain criterion in this genus. The genus T’ritonia is recorded chiefly from the temperate parts, north- ern as well as southern, of both the Atlantic and Pacific. Nearer the Equator it appears to be replaced by Marionia, though its absence cannot be re- garded as certain. Including the sub-genus Candvella, it contains about 24 species, some of which are doubtful. ‘To the sixteen enumerated in Bergh’s System der Nudib. Gasteropoden, the following may be added: 17. 7. dio- medea, Bergh. 18. T. exsulans, Bergh. 19. 7. incerta, Bergh. 20. 7. australis, Bergh. 21. 7. gigantea, Bergh. 22. T. ingolfiana, Bergh. 23. T. villafranca, Vayssiere. 24. 7. appendiculata, Eliot. Tritonia alba, described but not fig- ured, by Alder & Hancock, is a somewhat doubtful form, 1S) 34 NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. Archidoris montereyensis, juv. (Cooper). Three small specimens from La Jolla may be immature individuals of this species ; they are all less than a centimetre long, yellowish in colour, and indistinctly tuberculate. ‘The tentacles are flattish and grooved, the branchiae seven and tripinnate ; the radula is about 30 x 45. 0. 45 ; the teeth are colourless, hamate, crowded near the rhachis and bear a lateral wing- like expansion. There is no labial or genital armature. The genus Archidoris is recorded chiefly from temperate seas, but is perhaps cosmopolitan in its distribution, as two species are found in equat- orial East Africa. The common British A. tuberculata appears to be also found on the Californian coast. Bergh, in his System recognizes five species, or six if A. marmorata is considered distinct, and the following have since been added :— 76 . stellifera, Jher. . rubescens, Bergh. . incerta, Bergh. . nyctea, Bergh. . africana, Eliot. 12: . violacea, Bergh. 13. A. minor, Eliot. 14. nanula, Bergh. Rabb Rb bP 15. A. wellingtonensis, (Abraham). Bergh has created separate genera for Anisodoris and Homovo- doris, both of which resemble Archidoris externally, but are distinguished from it by the presence of a prostate, and from one another by the vagina having an armature in Homotodoris which is absent in Anisodoris. If these genera are retained, I cannot see why Montereina, Mac F. (Mac Farland, l.c. p. 38) is separated from Anisodoris. It appears to have the same essential characters both internal and external, and to differ in being larger, more arched, and in bearing larger tubercles, all of which seem differences of degree hardly amounting to generic characters. Cadlina, Bergh. This genus, which is distinguished from most cryptobranchiate Dorids by the presence of a median tooth, is recorded only from the cold and temperate seas of the northern hemisphere. The known species are :— C. repanda ( A. & H.). N. Atlantic. ©. glabra (Friele & Hansen) N. Atlantic. 3. ‘C.-clarac, |her. Med: 4. ©. pacifica, Bergh. West Coast of N. America. 5 ©. flavomaculata, Mac F. West Coast of N. America. 6. C. marginata, Mac F. West Coast of N. America. The genus will, perhaps, prove charactsristic of the Coasts of North West America, since three species are already recorded. The animal described I iS) NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. 35 below as C. maryinata (?) is certainly a Cadlina, but perhaps a new species. Tyrinna, Bergh. from the West Coast of South America has a similar dentition. Cadlina flavomaculata, Mac Farland. Mac Farland: Prelim. account of Dorididae of Monterey, pp. 43—4- Two small specimens from La Jolla, one elongate (8 x 3 millim) the other almost circular and with an ample margin. Neither are well pre- served and the colours have almost entirely vanished, though it can still be seen that the rhinophores were very much darker than the rest of the animal. The back is tuberculate ; the oral tentacles flat ; the branchiae are about 10, and apparently simply pinnate. ‘The labial armature is yellowish and con- sists of close-set deeply bifid rods. The radula is narrow, the formula being about go x 27. 1. 27, but many rows are shorter. The central tooth is large and strong, and bears 4—5 distinct, long denticles of much the same size. The first laterals are stout, with 2—3 denticles on the inner side, and 5—6 on the outer side of the central cusp. The remaining laterals are denticulate on the outer side only, and near the rhachis bear 12—15 minute serrulations whice increase in size and prominence about the middle of the row, so that the teeth of the outer-half have, as Mac Farland says, a saw-like appearance. Cockerell says the living animal which was found in kelp roots washed up on shore was white, with 5 sulphur yellow spots on each side. ‘The rhinophores were very conspicuous dark-reddish brown, with about six per- foliations on each side and white tips. The skin was spiculous, and the oral tentacles short and triangular. Externally this species seems characterised by the dark rhinophores, contrasting markedly with the otherwise pale colouration, internally by the large and deeply denticulate central tooth. The simply pinnate branchiae are also noticeable. Cadlina marginata, Mac Farland. (?) Mac Farland: l.c., p. 43. Three small specimens from La Jolla are probably referable to this form in virtue of their buccal parts, though none of their external characters can be traced, the animals being much contracted, smooth and of a uniform purplish-grey. _The labial armature consists of bifid hooks. The radula consists of about 80 rows, containing 40—50 teeth on each side of the rhachis. The rhachidian tooth is not conspicuous, and bears 4—5 small blunt denticles. The innermost laterals are strongly hooked with 3 denticles on the inner and 6—7 on the outer margin. The remaining laterals become longer and slenderer towards the end of the rows, and bear about 12 denticles on the outside only. The outermost teeth are rudimentary and irregularly jagged. 36 NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. Chromodoris, Ald. & Hanc. This large'genus, the most numerous in species of all the Dorididae crypto- branchiatae, is chiefly found in warm seas, and is specially characteristic of the tropical Indo-Pacific. It occurs in the Mediterranean, and is probably found in the adjacent parts of the Atlantic, though it appears to be recorded only from the Cape Verde Islands and the Bermudas, the latter record not being very certain. In the Pacific it is recorded from as far north as Japan, and on the American Coast from Puget Sound and Monterey: in the south from New Zealand, ‘Tasmania and Juan Fernandez. The brilliant coloration, common in the genus, has caused a great number of species to be figured and described, often very inadequately. Burgh’s list in the System includes ro5 species, and about 18 have been described since. Chr. universitatis, Cockerell, as explained below, appears to be Chr. californiensis, B., and Chr. tenuilinearis, Farran (1905), 1s, I think, the same as Chr. nigrostriata, Eliot (1904). Bergh has shown that Chr. elizabethina should be called Chr. quadricolor (Rippel & Leuckart), and Chr. petechialis (Gould) 1852, 1s probably identical with Chr. twimulifera, Collingwood and Chr. pallescens, Bergh. — Chr. aureo-marginata, Cheeseman (Trans. New Zealand Institute, 1880, xi, p. 223.) is probably identical with one of the many previously described species which have a similar coloration. The following species are more or less valid :— 106. Chr. agassizii, Bergh. 107. Chr. porterae, Cockerell. 108. Chr. macfarlandi, Cockerell. tog. Chr. sykesi, Eliot. 110. Chr. cavae, Eliot. 111. Chr. annulata, Eliot. 112. Chr. splendens, Eliot. 113. Chr. vicina, Eliot. 114. Chr. nigrostriata, Eliot. = Chr. tenuilinearis, Farran. 115. Chr. inconspicua, Eliot. — 116. Chr. (2?) flava, Eliot. (Anatomy unknown.) 117. Chr. tasmaniensis, Bergh. 118. Chr. figurata, Bergh. 119. Chr. aegialia, Bergh. 120. Chr. atopa, Bergh. Chr. (2) roseo-picta, Verrill, is an interesting form, but some doubt must remain as to its genus, since the dentition is unknown, and it bears papillae on its back which is unusual in Chromodoris.. The Chromodorids recorded from the North West Coast of America are Chr, dalli, californiensis, agassizii, macfarlandi, porterae and aegialia (Gulf of California.) NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. 37 Chromodoris ealiforniensis, Bergh. = Chr. universitatis, Cockerell. Bergh: Exploration of Alaska: Nudibranchiata part I, 1879, p. 112; id. Bull. of Mus. of Comp. Zool. Harvard, 1894, vol. xxv. no. 10; Cockerell : Nautilus, June 1902, p. 19. One specimen marked by Mr. Cockerell “one of the type lot,” captured at San Pedro, California, August 1901. It is unfortunately very much wrinkled and contorted, so that little trace of its former appearance remains. Length 28.5 millim. ; height 15.5 ; breadth 12; length of tail 11 millim. The colour is a dirty bluish-grey, which shows traces of yellow here and there, though no spots can be distinguished. ‘he mantle has disappeared entirely at the sides, but it is ample behind, where it bears on its lower surface seven large brown globes, 2.5 millim. in diameter. They are hollow and filled with a mass of yellowish granules, which is not attached to the walls, but lies free, like the contents of a stomach. The mantle is not ample over the head, the tentacles are fairly large, partially retracted, with pits at the tips. The edge of the rhinophore pockets are raised, but not those of the branchial orifice, which is small, with a flat thickened rim. The branchiae are entirely re- tracted and set in a circle open behind. One plume is trifid, one quadrifid and the rest simply pinnate. The foot is grooved in front but not notched. The internal organs and membranes are greenish, much hardened, but apparently as usual in the genus. ‘The liver is large; the labial armature consists of two olive coloured plates, composed of mace-shaped elements, set so as to form a tessellated pattern. ‘The radula consists of 106 rows, con- taining more than 100 teeth on each side of the naked rhachis. The first ten rows or so are deep brown, the rest yellowish. The teeth are bifid, with about 8 denticles on or below the lower prong. The upper prong is not denticulate. The inner teeth are smaller, lower, and bear fewer denticles. ‘The outermost are also lower and rather irregular. If this is the type of Chr. wniversitatis, Cockerell, there would appear to be no sufficient ground for separating that species from Chr. calzforniensis, Bergh, which is recorded from the Santa Barbara Islands, Monterey and San Diego. The buccal parts of the two agree, and both have conspicuous spherical projections on the under side of the posterior mantle. The color- ation also is similar. Chr. universttatis is described by Cockerell as ‘‘ dark rich ultramarine blue; the edge of the mantle and foot bright cobalt blue ; mantle with two longitudinal series of oblong very bright orange spots, about 7 in a series ; five round orange spots on the anterior part of the mantle in front of the rhinophores.” Dall described the living Chr. californiensis as ““mazarin blue with golden spots,” and according to Bergh the preserved specimen was “greenish blue. On the back were several yellowish-white round spots. On the anterior part, they were chiefly in the median line, on the rest, in two longitudinal series . . . a brighter fine line seemed to border 38 NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF CALIFORNIAN NUDIBRANCHS. the margin of the mantle edge, and that of the foot.” The branchiae are recorded as 12 in Chr. universitatis, and g—10 in Chr. californiensis, but this variation can hardly be regarded as specific. Acanthodoris, Gray. This genus, and indeed the whole family to which it belongs, (including Akiodoris, Doridunculus, Adalaria and Lamellidoris) has hitherto been found only in the cold or temperate seas, but penetrates into Arctic waters and probably also Antarctic, as it is recorded from far south. Only the rather doubtful. Lamellidoris (?) graefii, Bergh, is recorded from the Mediterranean. Bergh enumerates 8 species of Acanthodoris in his System, but of these A. stellata, Verrill’ seems to owe its existence merely to a question of nomen- clature.* Since then, the following species have been added :— 8. A. metulifera, Bergh. 9. A. hudson, Mac Farland. 10. A. brwanea, Mac Farland. t1. A. (?) vatheleti, Mabille & Rochebrune. 12.