^

!>^

JOURNAL

NEW YORK

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

gjewjcrtjctl t0 ^ntotaoXoQv; in (f^tnzx^l

VoluLi-ne XXVI, 1918

NEW YORK

Published by the Society

Quarterly

1918

PRESS OF

THE NEW ERA PRINTING COMPANY

LANCASTER, PA.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXVL

Alexander, Charles P.,

New Species of TipuHne Crane-flies from Eastern Asia. . 66
Barber, H. G.,

Concerning Lygasidse — No. i 44

Concerning Lygaeidre — No. 2 49

Blatchey, W. S.,

The Home of Hormops and its Proper Position among

other Rhynchophora 155

Davis, Wm. T.,

Charles Edwin Sleight 47

Mississippi Cicadas with Key to the Species of the South-
eastern United States 141

Dickerson, Edgar L., and Weiss, Harry B.,

The European Mole Cricket, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L., an

Introduced Insect Pest 18

Fall, H. C,

North American Species of Apion 218

Glaser, R. W.,

The Aerobic Nature of Insect Tissue i

HUNGERFORD, H. B.

Notes on the Oviposition of Some Semi-aquatic Hemiptera 12

Knight, Harry H.,

Synoptic Key to the Subfamilies of Miridse 40

Leng, Charles W.,

Microlytus' — A Correction 8

Description of a New Species of Piezocorynus 11

History of the New York Entomological Society 129

A New Race of Cicindela with Notes on Other Races and

Species 138

Notes on Some Changes in the List of Coleoptera 201

Nicolay, Alan S., and Weiss, Harry B.,

A Review of the Genus Buprestis in North America .... 75

NoTMAN, Howard,

Boreaphilus, A Genus of Staphylinid Coleoptera New to

North America 182

iii

iv Contents of Volume XXVI.

Parker, R. R.,

A New Species of Sarcophaga from Niaga ' 28

Robinson, Wirt,

Beetles Collected on a Dead Black Oak . .

SCHAEFFER, ChARLES,

On Some Genera and Species of the Family Ostoin.
Miscellaneous Coleopterological Notes and Descriptions . .
Sharp, D..

Studies in Rhynchophora VI. "The New York Weevil" 215
Slosson, a. T.,

Reminiscences of the Early Days of the New York Ento-
mological Society 134

Sturtevant, a. H.,

Acalypterse (Diptera) Collected in Mobile County, Ala-
bama 34

VanD.yke, Edwin C,

A Review of the Species of the Coleopterous Genus Silis

Latr., which are found in America, North of Mexico . . 161
A New Genus and Species of Cave-Dwelling Carabidae

from the United States 179

Watson', Frank E.,

A Large Number of Species of Butterflies Observed in

One Day's Collecting 3

Weiss, Harry B., and Dickerson, Edgar L.,

The European Mole Cricket. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L., an

Introduced Insect Pest 18

Weiss, Harry B., and Nicolay, Alan S.,

A Review of the Genus Buprestis in North America .... 75
Wheeler, William Morton,

Ants Collected in British Guiana by ]\Ir. C. William Beebe 2^

Book Notice 112

Miscellaneous Notes 48, 1 10, 224

Proceedings of the New York Entomological Society . . 113, 229

Vol. XXVI.

No. I

JOURNAL

OF THE

NEW YORK

Entomological Society

BevoteD to Bntomoloo^ in (Bcueral.

MARCH, 1918.

Edited by CHARLES SCIIAEFFEK

Piihl nation Committee.
W. P. CoMSTUfK. CllAKI i;s

F. K. LuTz. I' III N 1 ) :-

Publislneci Quarterly by ttie Socitity.

lancastp:r, pa. new vork c\\\

19 1 8.

[Entered April 21, 1904, at Lancaster, Pa., as second-class matter utitler Act ot Congress ol July 16, 1894.

THE NEW ERA PRINT

CONTENTS

The Aerobic Nature of Insect Tissue. P>y R. W. Glaser i

A Large Number of Butterflies observed in One Day's Collecting, hy Fkank

K. Waisdn . 3

Microclytus —A Correction. By Chas. W. Lenc 8

Description of a New Species of Piezocorynus. By Chas. W. Leng . . ii

Notes on the Oviposition of Some Semiaquatic Hemiptera. By H. B. Hinger-

KORl). 12

The European Mole Cricket, Gryllotalpa Gryllotalpa L., an Introduced Insect

Pest. By Harry B. Weiss and Edgar L. Dicker.son i8

Ants Collected in British Guiana by Mr. C. William Beebe. By Wii.i.iam

Morton Wheeler 23

New Species of Sarcophaga from Niagara Falls, l^y R. R. Parker .... 28

Beetles Collected on a Dead Black Oak in Virginia. By Wiri Rof.inson . . . 30

Acalypterse Collected in Mobile, Alabama. By A. H. Stirtevant ... 34

Synoptic Key to the Subfamilies of Miridae. By Harry H. Knight .... 40

Concerning Lygaeidae. By H. S. Barber . 44

Charles Edwin Sleight. By Wm. T. Davis ... 47

Miscellaneous Notes 48

JOURNAL ^^'s'

OF THE

]OFtD JBopk ^nj^omologiral ^oriFJ^g.

Vol. XXVI. MARCH, 1918. No. i

THE AEROBIC NATURE OF INSECT TISSUE.

By R. W. Glasf.r,
Forest Hills, Mass.

It is. a well-known fact that insect tissue is aerobic, /. c, tubes
called trachea; ramify the entire body and supply air directly to the
cells. There is no medium, like the mammalian erythrocytes, which
transfers the oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.

During the course of some work on the cultivation of insect blood
cells in vitro. I made some observations that clearly showed insect
tissue to be dependent upon direct air. Since the method could be
very nicely used in entomological class demonstration work, I thought
it well to present the observations. The method for preparing tissue-
culture slides is familiar to all biologists, so I will not dwell on very
many of the technical details.^ Suffice it to say, that I used depres-
sion slides with thin No. o cover slips so that I could work effectively
with the oil immersion lens. Both army worm (Cirphis nnipuncta)
and gipsy moth caterpillar {Porthctria dispar) blood was found suit-
able for the experiments.

All work must be done under sterile conditions. The animals to
be operated upon are held in one hand and bent back so that the ven-
tral side can be washed off with alcohol. When this evaporates, the
tip of a proleg is then quickly cut oft' with sterile sc'ssors and the drop

1 Those interested in the cultivation of insect tissue are referred to: R.
^^^ Glaser, " The Growth of Insect Blood Cells i>i vitro." Psyche, Vol.
XXIV, Xo. I, 1917.

1

2 Journal New York Entomological Society, [^'o'- >^>^\'I-

of blood which oozes forth is caught on a sterile cover slip. The
cover slip is then placed over a sterile depression slide, and the edges
are sealed with melted vaseline.

Insect blood cells grow^ very well in their own plasma, but Locke's
solution can be added if desired. Locke's solution is isotonic with
insect tissue, but has no particular advantage except that its addition
thins out the plasma and produces a greater transparency in the prep-
arations.

If we carefully place the drop of blood in the center of the cover
slip the cells grow very slowly. Many disintegrate entirely, and others
do not show any visible growth for two or three weeks. ' Even the^i
no large syncj-tial masses are formed, and sooner or later, as soon as
the supply of oxygen in the depression slide is diminished, begin to
disorganize. At first I supposed that the death of the cells was due
to the exhaustion of the required nutrition, but such was not the case.
Insect blood cells can be kept alive for a surprisingly long time with-
out the addition of fresh media. If the preparation, in which the cells
are disintegrating, is shaken a bit so that the drop of blood flows
over along the edges of the cover slip a change will soon become ap-
parent. On reexamination after about two or three weeks the cells
lying in close proximity to the vaseline will appear healthy, and beau-
tiful large syncytial masses will be found.

In order to be certain that the vaseline was not giving off some-
thing which stimulated the cells to grow, the following experiments
were performed : Blood was placed in the center of the cover slips and
a small piece of sterile vaseline added to each drop. Six such slides
were prepared, but I failed to notice any large syncytial masses even
after six weeks. The preparations were then shaken so that the blood
flowed over along the edges of the cover slips and in two to three
weeks more the syncytial masses were obtained.

We can conclude from these observations that direct air is abso-
lutely necessary for the growth of insect tissue. The blood cells kept
in the center of the cover glass soon exhaust the oxygen present and
cease to grow. However, if they are brought in contact with the
vaseline through which the air undoubtedly filters, they become reju-
venated and form syncytia. Of course air filters through the vaseline
also when the cells are confined to the center of the cover slip. Init it
is not so readily nor so rapidly obtained l)y the cells. The latter are

March, 19 iS- J WaTSON : BUTTERFLIES OBSERVED IN OnE DaY. 3

highly metabolic and require oxygen very rapidly. My contentions
were further proven by preparing slides and sealing the edges of the
cover slips with a thick ring of paraffin. The blood was made to flow
over along the edges as usual, but no syncytial tissue-like masses
were formed. Apparently the air was unable to filter through this
thick layer of paraffin.

A drop of blood permitted to remain in the center of the cover
slip usually will assume a light yellow or light brown color. How-
ever, if the preparation is manipulated in such a way as to permit the
drop of blood to come in contact with the edges of the cover-slip it
rapidly turns black in color. This is due to the fact that the air
filters through the vaseline and the tyrosinase present in insect blood
oxidizes the colorless tyrosine producing a dark pig-ment.

A LARGE NUMBER OF SPECIES OF BUTTERFLIES
OBSERVED IN ONE DAY'S COLLECTING.

By Frank E. Watson,
New York, N. Y.

This paper might be entitled Butterflies of Fort Montgomery, as
it deals exclusively with those observed at that locality, except that
no attempt has been made to list all the species known to occur there.
The writer simply wishes to bring out what he believes to be an ex-
traordinary number of forms observed on the wing in one day in a
single locality.

Fort ^Montgomery, Orange Co., N. Y., is a small historic town
situated on the west bank of the Hudson River, some five miles south
of West Point and al)out forty-three miles, on an air line, north of
New York City. It is practically in the heart of the Highlands, with
Anthony's Nose looming up on the opposite shore and Bear Moun-
tain a mile or two to the west.^ The region is well watered and
rather rugged; the hills are steep and attain an average altitude of
about 1,200 feet; the vegetation is rich and diversified. The collecting

1 Those interested should consult the U. S. Topographical Maps — West
Point and Schunemunk Quadrangles.

4 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxvi.

is naturally excellent and this, together with the charming scenery,
makes a day spent there of great delight to the naturalist.

It would not be fair to speak of Fort Montgomery without a word
of thanks to Mr, Wm. T. Dav.is, the first of our local entomologists
to collect there and the one who induced the writer, among others, to
visit the region.

On July I, 1906, Messrs. Gaylord C. Hall, Harvey Mitchell and
the writer journeyed to Fort Montgomery via the West Shore R. R.
and arrived about 9 A. M. We followed the road running west to
The Torne, taking the left-hand fork which traverses the region back
of Bear Mountain. We collected mostly on the road but the adjacent
fields, meadows and open places were also examined. It was a clear,
beautiful day, just nicely hot for butterflies, and they were in great
abundance.

Papilionid-E.-

Papilio polyxenes asterius Cramer.=^

Papilio glaucus glaucus Linne. Common about the wet spots along
the road and also on dung.

Papilio troilus troilus Linne. Very common, under the same con-
ditions as the preceding species and often in company with it.

Papilio marcellus Cramer. A single specimen was seen by Mr.
Mitchell feeding at a damp place in the road, in company with glaucus
and troilus; it immediately took wing and, although followed some
distance down the road, it escaped by flying into the thick woods.

PlERID.E.

Pieris rapae (Linne). Common everywhere.
Eurymus philodice (Godart). Connnon.

Danaid.e.
Danaus archippus (Fabricius).

Satyrid.e.

Enodia portlandia (Fabricius). About five or six specimens were
seen. They may be found on dung or damp spots along roads.

2 For convenience the Check List of Barnes and McDunnough is here
followed.

3 Nomenclature after Rothschild and Jordan.

March, 19 18.] WaTSON : BUTTERFLIES OBSERVED IN OnE DaY. 5

Cissia eurytus (Fabricius). Common.
Satyrodes canthus canthus (Linne).
Cercyonis alope (l-'abricius).

Nymphaijd.Ti:.

Argynnis idalia (Drury). One freshly emerged male was cap-
tured and forms the only record.

Argynnis cybelle cybelle (Fabricius). Very common along the
road at mud-puddles, on dung and on milk-weed blossoms.

Argynnis aphrodite aphrodite (Fabricius). Very common and
generally in company with the preceding species.

Brenthis bellona (Fabricius).

Euphydryas phaeton (Drury). The only specimens recorded were
two females captured by Mr. Hall.

Phyciodes nycteis nycteis (Doubleday and Hewitson). Common
along the road and rather old and worn.

Phyciodes tharos tharos (Drury). Common.

Polygonia interrogationis f. Kst. umbrosa (Lintner). Rather com-
mon at springs, damp places along the road and on dung.

Polygonia comma f. sest. dryas (Edwards). Very common at the
same places as the preceding species.

Polygonia progne (Cramer). About nine specimens were cap-
tured by us and a few others were noted. Found under the same con-
ditions as the preceding species.

Aglais j-album (Boisduval and Le Conte). Seven were taken by
us ; only a few others were seen. Observed in similar situations as
the preceding species. One individual trapped itself in Mr. Hall's net.
^litchell who was a few yards ahead, struck at this specimen anq
missed; it flew into Hall's net. which he was holding above his head
at the time, and perched complacently in the bottom.

Aglais antiopa (Linne). At wet spots along the road, etc.

Vanessa atlanta (Linne). On dung, damp places, etc.

Vanessa virginiensis (Drury) =rhuntera (Fabricius). Habits
similar to those of the preceding species.

Basilarchia astyanax (Fabricius). Rather common. It is found
on dung, muddy places, etc.

Basilarchia archippus (Cramer). Very common.

6 Journal New York Entomological Society. [\o1. xxvi.

Lyc.enid;e.

Strymon titus titus (Fabricius). Not common. Very fond of
milk-weed blossoms.

Strymon edwardsi (Saunders). Scarce. Found on the milk-weed
(lowers.

Strymon calanus (Hiibner). Exceedingly common, especially in
the mid to late afternoon. Mitchell took a very large and fine series.
They are very fond of flitting about the low terminal branches of
butternut-trees, which is one of its food-plants. These butterflies may
also be found sitting about on the vegetation and feeding on the milk-
weeds.

Heodes hypophlaeas hypophlseas (Boisduval). Common.

Everes comyntas comyntas (Godart). Common.

Lycaenopsis pseudargiolus pseudargiolus f. sst. neglecta (Ed-
wards). Rather common. On damp places along the road.

Hesperiid.e.

Epargyreus tityrus (Fabricius). Common. On flowers, dung, etc.

Achalarus lycidas (Smith and Abbot). Rather common. On milk-
weed blossoms.

Cocceius pylades (Scudder). Common.

Ancyloxypha numitor (Fabricius). Common.

Polites manataaqua (Scudder). The two females captured were
the only ones seen.

Polites mystic mystic (Scudder). In damp meadows and marshes.

Polites peckius (Kirby). Common. On flowers, etc.

Catia otho egeremet (Scudder). Common. On flowers, etc.

Poanes hobomok (Harris). Common. The specimen observed
were very old.

Euphyes vestris (Boisduval) =metacomet (Harris). Rather
scarce. The individuals taken were in fresh condition. To be found
at damj) places and on dung along the roads, as well as on various
flowers, es])ecially those of Asclcpias. This species had become com-
mon l)y July 4.

Atrytonopsis verna (Edwards). Common. Habits similar to the
preceding species.

It will be noticed that the above list contains forty-four species.

March, igiS.] WaTSON : BUTTERFLIES OBSERVED IN OnE DaY. 7

I believe that there were fifty, possiljly one or two more, species flying
on this day and that, with a little more luck, the list would have
reached the half-hundred mark. The following notes will, I think,
bear out my contention.

On July 4. of the preceding year, the writer took lb flown spec-
imens of Mitoura damoii damon (Cramer) at the same locality. As
we did not have time to visit that section of the territory where the
dainoii were previously taken and where there is a station of red-
cedar trees, we may have missed this species. It is possible, of course,
that 1906 was not a damon year.

On July 4, 1906, or three days later than the date of the above list,
I again visited the same region. It was expected that even a larger
number of forms would be recorded but in this I was disappointed.
The day was clear and fine but for some reason butterflies were not
so numerous as they were on July i and only thirty-nine species and
one variety w^ere noted. The varietal form being a single worn
specimen of Poanes lioboiiiok form pocahontas (Scudder). This
species, as is well known, is most common during early June. Two
old specimens of this dimorphic form were also observed by me
at this locality on June 24 of the same year, so that it was certainly
flying on July i although not observed by us. Three additional species
which were captured on the July 4 trip were : Fcniseca tarquinius
(Fabricius), two specimens, somewhat flown, one of which alighted
on my hand and fed on the perspiration; Strymon acadica (Edwards),
several individuals, somewhat worn; and Enphyes conspicua (Ed-
wards) = pontiac (Edwards), two specimens, condition not noted.
Of these three species, tarquinius and acadica were surely flying on
July I and more than likely conspicua was as well.

It was with considerable reluctance that we quit such good col-
lecting, about 4 P. M., in order to catch our train. The forty-four
species were, therefore, collected in about six and one half hours
(allowing half an hour for lunch) and probably over less than five
miles of territorv.

Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'"'- >^-^\'i'

MICROCLYTUS— A CORRECTION.

By Charles W. Leng,
Staten Island, N. Y.

According to the Classification of the Coleoptera of North Amer-
ica (S. M. C. no. 507, 1883), the genus Microclytiis has the following
characters, viz. : second joint of antennae equal to fourth, antennae
not spinose. The type of the genus is Cyrtophonts gazellula Hald.,
and it is pointed out, p. 305, that it has the form and coloration of the
European Anaglyptus mysticus but differs " essentially by the second
joint of the antennae being fully half as long as the third and scarcely
shorter than the fourth joint."

In 1887 I noticed that in my two specimens of Microclytus from
Canada the antennre were not as described in the Classification but
had the second joint short as usual in the Anaglypti. The discrepancy
was discussed with Dr. George H. Horn, in whose collection were
two specimens from Ohio like those on which the Classification was
based, and we concluded that the difference was a sexual matter, and
exchanged specimens so that each should have both sexes. The
amended key to the genera of Anaglypti (Ent. i\m., II, 1887, p. 195)
and the treatment of the species of Microclyfits (Ent. Am., III. 1888,
p. 23) by which M. gibhuhis and M. nigcr of Leconte were sunk in
synonymy, were based upon the theory that they were identical with
-1/. gazcUula Hald. in which species the antennte dift'ered in the sexes.

I regret to say that this appears now to have been entirely wrong,
for recently ]Mr. Frank Morris, of Peterborough, Ontario, has called
my attention to a considerable number of specimens of Microclytiis
that he has caught on the blossom of choke-cherry in which the sec-
ond joint of the antennae is only half the length of the fourth joint in
both sexes, thus disproving the supposed sexual character of the dis-
crepancy noted thirty years ago. The antennae in the specimens as-
sumed to be males are nearly as long as the body, while in those
assumed to be females they barely attain the middle band of the elytra.
In both cases the antennae bear the same long hairs that are to be
noted in M. gazcUnla, and to which Casey has called attention (Mem-
oirs, III, p. 375) as characteristic of the genus. The specimens sent

March, i9i8.] LeNG : AIlCROCLYTUS. 9

by 'Sir. Morris differ liowever from .1/. yaacllula in the relative length
of the antennal joints and represent apparently the gibbulus of Le-
conte erroneously sunk in synonymy.

In seeking a name for these specimens of Microclytiis one has to
choose between gibbulus Lee, niger Lee, insinuans. Csy., frosti Csy.,
and comprcssicollis Gory. Of these niger Lee. may be discarded as a
clerical error because in the Melsheimer Catalogue, 1853, appears
" Cyrtophonis gibbulus Lee. (Clytus) L. Sup. 234; niger Lee. (err:
cler.) J. Acad. 2^ 2. 20." Li regard to compressicollis Gory the de-
scription (copy of which I owe to the kindness of Mr. H. S.
Barber) reads: "Niger; thoracis medio elevato; elytris basi gil^bis
postice dimidio obscuris ; pedibus rubris. Long. 4 lig. Larg. i lig.
Noir et pubescent. Corselet elcve au milieu, comprime sur les cotes,
avec un point brun. Elytres d'un brun rouge, elevees a la base, avec
deux traits oblique cendres, un semblable transversal vers le milieu,
suivi d'une tache noire. Extremite obscure, couvertes de polls cen-
dres. Dessous du corps et pattes d'un brun rouge. Premier article
de I'abdomen avec le bord posterieur noirs, et une tache blanche de
chaque cote; les autres articles noirs ainsi que les jambes." It seems
to me impossible, with no mention of the antennae, to say whether this
description antedates that of ga::ellula or of gibbulus. Aurivillius in
the Junk Catalogue includes both the latter as synonyms of comprcs-
sicollis, but as they are not identical, his course cannot be followed.
Casey's description of insinuans was written under the belief (pre-
sumably) that gibbulus was actually a synonym of gacelliila as had
been published and appears to cover the Ontario specimens which we
now consider as representing gibbulus. His description of frosti ap-
pears to cover at best but a race of insinuans occurring in Maine. I
have not seen the types and my opinion is based upon the descriptions
and the following specimens; which illustrate the distribution of the
genus :
Two .1/. gazellula, St. Vincent, Pa., and Wilmerding, Pa., in collection

of V. J. Zahrobsky.
Two M. gazellula, Ohio, in my own collection.
One .1/. gazellula, Pa., in collection of Chas. Schaeffer, all of which

are apparently females.
Six ,1/. gibbulus, Peterborough, Ont., in collection of Frank Morris.
Four M. insinuans, Adirondack ]\Its., N. Y. in collection of Howard

Notman.

10 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxvi.

3 ^1/. frosti, IMaine. in my own collection.

I M. gasellnla ^ (as formerly identified), Canada, in my own col-
lection.
Both sexes are represented in the specimens of gihhiiliis and its syn-
• onyms.

IMr. Morris states that he has seen a specimen of true gaccUiila
from Canada. Dr. Hamilton in his Catalogue of the Coleoptera of
Southwestern Pennsylvania says gazcUula is rare at Allegheny, Pa.,
but common at St. Vincent, and Henry G. Klages in his supplement
thereto (Ann. Carn. Mus., I, 1901, p. 290) adds gihhulus "believed to
be a distinct species by Dr. Hamilton." It seems therefore impossible
to consider gazcllnla and gibbulus as geographic races of one species,
since there is evidence that their ranges overlap.

The bibliography and synonymy should stand as follows :
Microclytus gazellula Hakl, Trans. Am. Phil, X. 1847, P- 4^ {gazel-

luta err. typ.) ; Proc. Ac. Phil.. IV, 1847, P- 37-5 Lacard. Gen. Col.,

IX, 1869, p. 89, note 3; Leng (in part), Ent. Am., Ill, 1888, p. 23.

Pa., Ohio, Canada.
Pcompressicollis Gory., Monogr. des Clytus, 1835, p. 106.
M. gibbulus Lee. Agassiz, L. Sup., 1850, p. 234; uigcr (err. cler.).

J. A. P., ser. 2, II, p. 29; Leng (in part), Ent. Am., Ill, 1888, p.

23; i)isiiiiiaiis Csy., 1893, N. Y. Ac, VII, p. 591; L. Sup., Ont..

Adirondacks, Pa.(?).
var. ( ?) frosti Csy., ]\Iem. Coleop., Ill, 1912, p. 375. Maine.

I am not unaware that Aurivillius treats the genus Microclytus as
a synonym of Anaglyptns; but in this he stands opposed to all Amer-
ican authors, Leconte, Horn, Hamilton, Casey and Schaeffer, who has
quite recently (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XII, 1904, p. 223) given a key
to the genera of Anaglypti ; and his course cannot therefore be
adopted.

March, I9i8.] LeNG : A Nf.W PiEZOCORYNUS. 11

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF
PIEZOCORYNUS.

By Charles W. Leng,
New York, N. Y.

Piezocorynus virginicus new species.

Oblong, thorax narrower in front, as wide as the elytra at base, sides
straight and oblique, body rounded behind with parallel sides ; dark brown,
legs and antenna; with paler bands, pubescence irregularly condensed in pale
spots especially towards sides of elytra. Head nearly black, finely confluently
punctured, punctures forming fine transverse rugae on the occiput ; irregularly
and sparsely clothed with short yellow hairs. Antenna shorter than the body
in the female (male not seen), slender with a loose, three-jointed, flattened
club; basal joint short and stout, pale; second joint longer, elongate, conical;
joints three to seven very slender but each thickened apically ; joint eight
elongate, triangular; joints nine to eleven wider and fringed with hairs, nine
strongly triangular, black, emarginate at apex, ten wider than long, black,
obliquely emarginate at apex, eleven elongate-oval, pale. The joints two to
eight are each paler apically. Thorax as long as its basal width, tapering
obliquely to about half as wide at apex, finely granulate, the basal ridge
finely elevated, forming an acute angle at its extremities with the acute
lateral margin, which extends nearly to the apex ; disk without elevations or
channels; a few yellow hairs are seen above, sometimes feebly condensed
into spots, more at the sides, and enough beneath to clothe the surface fairly
thickly. Elytra parallel, with rows of distant punctures, punctuation how-
ever obscured by dense pubescence, of which the yellow hairs are usually
concentrated at the sides and apex, leaving the disk darker. The elytra are
conjointly rounded at apex. Body beneath and abdomen clothed rather
sparsely with pale hairs. Length 3.25-5.00 mm.

Btickingham county, near Wingina, Virginia.

Described from fifteen specimens collected by Col. Wirt Rol)inson,
July 12, 1917, ovipositing on a recently killed black oak, and four
specimens collected from the same tree by Wm. T. Davis.

This species resembles P. dispar in the oblique emargination of
the joints of the antenna! clul), but differs in the more strongly tri-
angular form of the joints of the club and in their marginal hairs. It
also lacks the thoracic elevations of dispar; the yellow pubescence of
the elytra is differently arranged, being concentrated on the disk in
dispar, on the sides in z'irgiiiiciis. ^Tr. Davis has pointed out further

12 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'"'- >^>^v^-

than ill ilispar and nurstiis all the tibiie are annulated near the middle,
while in virginicns the annulations are nearer the base of each tibia
and more irregular in form, some of the paler hairs extending to the
basal part of the tibit on its inner side.

From })iixtiis and ma^stus, P. z'irgi>nciis differs so greatly in the
form of antennae that there is no risk of confusion. The anteimie of
P. dispar ^ are one half longer than body (not one half the length of
the body as erroneously stated in " Rhynchophora of N. E. Amer-
ica") and it is possible that the male of virgiuicus has also antennae
longer than the body.

NOTES ON THE OVIPOSITION OF SOME SEMI-
AQUATIC HEMIPTERA (HEBRUS, SALDA,
LAMPROCANTHIA).

By H. B. Hungerford,
Lawrence, Kansas.

In 191 1 the late Doctor Heidemann published "Some Remarks
on the Eggs of North American Species of Hemiptera Heteroptera,"^
in which he listed the eggs of the Hebrids, Saldidce and Mesoveliidse
as unknown. Since that time Renter in his " Neue Beitrage zur
Phylogenie und Systematik der Meriden, nebst einleitenden Bemer-
kungen fiber die Phylogenie der heteropteren Familien, 1910" at-
tempted to show the phylogenetic relationships of the families of heter-
optera. In 1912 he modified his system in the light of added evidence.
It is in his '' Bemerkungen fiber mein neues Heteropteran System,
1912" that he quotes Bergroth to the effect that Bueno had examined
the egg of Mesovelia and established its great similarity to the Na-
bidae. Since that time the writer has figured and described the egg of
Mesovelia mulsanti, White.

In reviewing Kirkaldy's splendid papers on British water bugs,
1894-1908, Wesenberg-Lund's " Fortpflanzungsverhaltnisse : Paarung
und Eiablage der Siisswasserinsekten," as well as such texts as Bade,
'09, Brauer, '09, Ulmer, '11, and Brocher, '13, it would appear that
the egg stages of Hebrids and Saldids are as vet unnoted.
1 Proceedings Ent. Soc. Wash., XTII, Xo. 3, p. i2<S.

IMarch, i9i8.] HuNGERFORIK OviPOSITION OF HeMIPTERA. 13

Lii connection with his work in the limnological lal)oratory at
Cornell University it was the waiter's good fortune to observe the
oviposition of several of the aquatic and. semi-aquatic bugs. It is con-
cerning the latter that he wishes to report herewith.

To one accustomed to collecting in the sluggish streams and arti-
fical ponds in Kansas the environs of Ithaca, N. Y., afforded a rare
opportunity. Here within easy reach of Cornell University are to be
found all gradations from sparkling brooks, broken by waterfalls
and rapids, to dark-colored sluggish streams of the upland bogs, from
spring-fed pool to lake conditions.

It was on the border of a spring-fed pool in an upland meadow
near Ringwood Hollow that Hebrids and two species of Saldids w^re
found in numbers. The Hebrids were numerous in the moss and dead
grass by the water's edge while the Saldids were about the grass and
sedge clumps and upon the moist earth of the exposed areas.

HEBRUS.

On June 4 Mr. C. H. Kennedy brought to the writer an adult
Hebrus from Ringwood Hollow. Subsequently they were found about
several water bodies in the neighborhood of Ithaca. By June 22 at
Ringwood these little bugs were mating in numbers and many were
brought into the laboratory.

On June 28 the pool was visited again and a goodly number taken
on the moist earth at the water's edge. By disturbing the moss it
was found that they would take to the open areas, even venturing
upon the water for a short run. They are not as safe upon such foot-
ing as are the little Microvelia which they superficially resemble, al-
though when one became submerged accidentally it walked upside
down under the surface film as upon a ceiling, stopping now and then
to clean the antenn?e and limbs as it frequently does when in its nor-
mal environment. The body was surrounded by a layer of air which
held it up to the surface film. It finally came upon a bit of moss
projecting from the water and escaped.

The live bugs taken June 22 and June 28 were jilaccd in large
petries prepared for them l)y placing some moist sand in the bottom
and adding a few bits of moss.

On June 26 the moss in the petric containing those captured June
22 was examined superficially under the binocular and no eggs dis-

14 Journal New York Entomoi.ogical Society. l\oi. xx\"i.

covered. A more careful examination with dissecting needles re-
vealed some of the yellowish-white eggs already showing the red eye
spots, hidden between the closely approximated leaves. Some of them
seemed to lie on the upper concave side beneath the pale green sheath
of the moss leaf, as shown in the figure (PI. I, fig. 2). For the most
part they were concealed as shown in fig. 8, between the leaf and the
stem.

In an endeavor to determine whether the female would ever place
the eggs in the tissues of plant stems, some females were confined in
a small stendcr dish with a leaf of moneywort, a soft stem of a dead
sedge, and a variety of moss having the leaf axils far apart, thus pro-
viding no hiding place for the eggs. Eggs were laid in the mat or
tangle of rootlets at the base of the moss and, in some instances, the
tip of one leaf was glued to the one above it and here two or three
eggs would be found as shown in the sketch (PI. I, fig. 4).

Description of the Egg.

Size. — .625 mm. by .325 mm. This represents the size shortly be-
fore hatching. Somewhat more slender when deposited. The eggs
are large for the size of the bug. One female measuring .925 mm.
across the prothorax contained four well-developed ova each meas-
uring .625 mm. Ijy .25 mm. The figures of the female abdomen and
the egg are drawn to the same scale (PI. I, figs. 3 and 2).

Shape. — Elongate oval, ends rounded, length about two times the
width.

Color. — Pearly white changing to yellowish white as embryo de-
velops within. Some appear to be surrounded by transparent gelatine.
Under the low power compound the surface of the egg is seen to be
covered by short iregularly arranged elevations. In the case of those
containing well-developed embryos the eyes show as pink spots and a
pair of black dots lie on the ventral side near the apex of the head.

Newly Hatched Nymth.

The nymph upon issuing from the egg casts a thin transparent
membrane which surrcnmds each appendage separately and is of the
nature of a true moult. This the writer proposes to designate the
postnatal moult. It is possessed by many hetero])tera and some other
insects observed by the writer.

March, igiS.] HuNGERFORI) : OviPOSITION OF HeMIPTERA. 15

Habits of Adult.
The Hebrids were fed. in captivity, upon newly killed midges, mos-
quitoes, and plant lice. They are cleanly little creatures grooming
themselves much after the fashion of Microvelia as reported by Bueno.
They were observed to be positively phototropic to electric light.
When a light was brought to one side of the petrie containing many
individuals they would promptly move to side of greatest illumination.

SALDIDS.

The two species of Saldids observed were Sahia aiitliracina Uhl.
and Lampracanthia crassiconiia Uhl. Both of these are shiny black,
slightly hirsute species with tegmina coriaceous. The former is
plump bodied and of fair size, the latter a smaller, more slender form,
covered sparsely with stiff hairs.

They have the same habitat and attempt to escape by running and
by quick short jumps rather than by flight. Their food, mating, and
oviposition habits are much the same. When first observed about the
Ringwood pool on June 22 only adults were found of the L. crassicor-
iiia while the .S". aiithraciiia were all in the nymphal stage. June 28
many of the latter were in the last nymphal stage. Eleven of these
were brought in alive, placed in a large stender dish and fed Hies,
Jassids, etc. July i one became adult and by July 5 there were four
adults, the remainder following shortly. Mating took place and eggs
were found between the leaves of the moss on July 16.

It was noted above that the smaller species was in the adult stage
when first taken. These were at once placed under observation in
jelly glasses containing a quarter inch of moist sand. One pair was
placed in each glass in order to get a record of mating and egg,-
laying. Most of the ol)servations relate to this species, although they
apply almost equally well to the larger form.

Habits of the Adults.
They are shy, cautious creatures which hide among the clumps of
shore grass and moss patches. They feed upon such insects as they
mav chance to meet, even the disabled of their own kind.

16 Journal New York Entomological Society. l^'"i- x^vi.

Mating.

The male follows the female about for some moments, often min-
utes, before mounting her with a sudden pounce. He appears to keep
at a respectful distance and if his first clasp is not secure he gets away
quickly. And well he may, for in some of the glasses the males were
killed and in one case the female was observed still feeding upon her
unlucky mate. The males are smaller and more slender than the
females and take a position on the left side of the female (as a rule)
and a litle below, appearing to perch upon the middle femur of the
female's left leg. The middle and right hind legs of the male lie along
the left margin of the female. With the antenna? directed backward
he remains rigidly in place while the female moves about with an-
tennae directed forward. It was not possible to ascertain how the male
could retain his position so firmly in place. All efforts to be certain
that his legs were involved in clasping failed. Mating took place at
short intervals and often lasted for half-hour periods. One pair was
observed to mate repeatedly every day from June 28 to July 16 when
the male was found dead. Eleven eggs had been laid during this
time.

OVIPOSITION.

The eggs were hidden away, one in a place as a rule, between the
leaves of moss or benath the sheaths of the shore grasses. When in
the moss they are exceedingly inconspicuous and when at the base of
grass clumps remain concealed until disturbed. Two illustrations
are submitted herewith to indicate the manner in which they are to be
found. (See PI. I, figs. 6 and 10.)

Egg of S. anthracina.

Size. — Length 1.05 mm., diameter .375 mm.

Shape. — Elongate cylindrical, one end broadly rounded, the other
constricted near the end and curved upward in such a manner that in
profile one side appears slightly concave and the other considerably
convex.

Color. — Pearly white and shiny. Smaller end slightly whiter.
Surface finely granular as seen under low-power compound.

March, 19 18.] HUNGERFORD : OviPOSITION OF HeMIPTERA. 17

Nymph of S. anthracina.

When this species was first taken all the specimens were in the
last and next to last instar. The nymphs are somewhat more flattened
than the adults. The antennal segments are thicker in proportion to
their length and the eyes much less protuberant. Ocelli are lacking
in the nymph while the adult possesses a pair of prominent ones. The
tarsi are two-segmented in the nymph, three in the adult. Secondary
sexual characters not apparent in the nymph.

Egg of Lampracanthia crassicornis Uhl.

Size. — Length i mm., diameter .3 mm.

Shape. — Elongate cylindrical. Both ends bluntly pointed, one
more than the other and curved upward. Camera-lucida drawings of
the eggs of both species are shown drawn to the same scale on PL

. figs. 7 and II.

Summary.

Hchrus concinnns, Salda anthracina, and LainpracaiitJiia crassi-
cornis were found about the moss and clumps of shore grasses bor-
dering a swampy pasture pool in New York. All three bugs hide
their eggs between the leaves of the moss. The Saldids often place
their eggs at the bases of the grasses growing on the moist banks of
the pool. L. crassicornis appeared as adults some ten days before
S. anthracina.

The Hebrids are but little disturbed by close confinement and the
Saldids can be kept in the laboratory if provided proper quarters.

These few notes are submitted at this time in view of the need for
even meager information concerning the shore bugs herein discussed.

Explanation of Plate I.

Fig. I. Hebnis, ventral view of male abdomen.

Fig. 2. Hebnis, egg partially dissected from a bit of moss. Egg shows
the red eye spots of embryo within.

Fig. 3. Hebms, ventral view of abdomen of female. (Drawings i, 2
and 3 made to same scale. Note the relatively large size of the egg.)

Fig. 4. Hebnis. Eggs in loose-leaved moss showing attempt to conceal
by fastening the tip of one leaf to the one above it with some gelatinous
material.

Fig. 5. Hebnis. Egg freshly laid, surrounded by the hyaline tissue of
a moss leaf.

18 Journal New York Entomological Society, t'^'^^i- >^xvi.

Fig. 6. Lainprocantliia crassiconiis. egg in situ between the leaves of
moss.

Fig. 7. Salda anthraciiia egg. Camera liicida drawing. (Same scale

as Figs. 6 and 11.)

Fig. 8. Hebrns. Egg in situ between the leaf and stem of a close-
growing moss.

Fig. 9. Lamprocanthia crassiconiis, ventral view of abdomen of male.

Fig. 10. A clump of sedges showing the eggs of C. crassicornis in situ.

Fig. II. L. crassicornis egg. Compare with Fig. 7.

Fig. 12. L. crassicornis, ventral view of abdomen of female.

THE EUROPEAN MOLE CRICKET, GRYLLOTALPA

GRYLLOTALPA L., AN INTRODUCED

INSECT PEST.

By Harry B. Weiss and Edgar L. Dickerson/
New Brunswick, N. J.

The occurrence of Uie Etiropean Mole Cricket in this country has
already been recorded (Jour. Econ. Ent., Vol. VIII, p. 500) but as
the insect still maintains its existence in the place where it was first
observed and as it may be introduced into other localities, it seems
worth while to give a brief account of its habits and development.
As previously noted the insect was first observed in this country in a
nursery at Rutherford, N. J., where a large number of plants are
yearly imported from Europe. " This infestation, which is undoubtly
of several years' duration, extends over several acres planted to her-
baceous and ornamental stock, a considerable portion of which is used
for show purposes only. The soil is rather light and porous and con-
tains a variety of shrulis, shade trees, etc., such as one would naturally
find in a nursery. No preference is shown by the cricket for any
particular plant, its zig-zag burrows being found in different parts of
the area irrespective of the kinds of plants growing there. The in-
sects have been numerous enough for the nursery to detail several
men at certain periods to hunt them out and destroy as many as pos-
sible every few days."

1 The arrangement of the authors' names has no significance and indi-
cates neither seniority nor precedence.

Vol. XX VI. PL I.

March, 1918.] Weiss & Dickerson : Mole Cricket, 19

In regard to its occurrence in the Old World, Step states that it is
plentiful in central and southern Europe and extends through Egypt
and Western Asia to the Himalayas. In some localities, at least, it
is abundant enough to cause more or less injury and accounts of its
life history and habits may be found in various European publica-
tions. A few of these references are noted at the end of this paper
and it is from these and from our observations at Rutherford that
material for this account has been obtained.

The adult hibernates in horse manure or other warm places and
becomes active in March. Mating occurs above ground in May and
shortly afterward oviposition takes place. For this purpose, the
female burrows into the ground and two or three inches below the
surface, makes an oval chamber about the size of a hen's egg. Ac-
cording to Wood, the chamber is placed near the surface so that the
eggs may be affected by the sun's heat. In this cavity eggs are laid
from time to time, the total numbering from 100 to 400. The indi-
vidual egg measures 2.5 mm. in length, is of an oval shape and dirty,
grayish yellow in color. At Rutherford, in mid July, both eggs and
young nymphs were collected, in some cases from the same nest.
In about thirty days the young appear and remain in or near the nest
under the supervision and protection of the female until after the first
molt, according to some authors and until after the second molt, accord-
ing to others. Step states that the female has to protect the young from
the male. According to Van Den Broek and Schenk, the third molt
occurs near winter and in April of the next year, the fourth molt
takes place and wing pads appear. The fifth and last molt occurs
about a month later and soon afterward mating takes place. Some
authors believe that four years are required for the completion of
the insect's development. -

In both sexes the wings are folded close against the body ; the
elytra or fore wings are comparatively broad and short and reach
about half the length of the abdomen, while the under wings com-
pactly folded extend posteriorly between the anal cerci. Figuier
says ''they make little use of them (the wings), and it is only at
nightfall that the mole cricket is seen to disport himself describing
curves of no great height in the air." Wood states that " the flight
of the mole cricket consists of a series of dips."

Thus while the insect may be found above ground in flight and at

20 Journal New York Entomological Society, [^'o'- x>^vi^-

mating time, it exists for the most part l)elo\v the surface, burrowing
in the soil and is active principally at night. Many times the burrow
of the insect is found just below the surface so that the earth is
raised above the gallery resembling a miniature mole burrow and by
these the presence of the insect may be detected. Many of these
surface galleries, extending irregularly through the soil, were noted
at Rutherford and one of the workmen who had been acquainted
with the insect in Europe stated that they were made by the male.
When these were followed, they would frequently be found to extend
down into the soil, especially where they came in contact with an
obstruction such as a flower pot. In some cases they ended blindly
near the surface. The burrow made by the female and connected
with the egg chamber was quite different. In this case a channel
about one inch below the surface extended in the form of a circle
five or six inches in diameter. A burrow led from this somewhat
downward and toward the center of the circle and terminated in the
egg chamber. Another channel extending outward and downward
from the circular one was apparently a place of retreat for the
female since it was always in this latter burrow that the female was
found whenever the ground above the egg cavity was disturbed and
the egg chamber removed from the ground.

These galleries may occur in a variety of soils. Van Den Broek
and Schenk state that the insect prefers soils rich in humus and may
be found in different parts of Holland, sometimes in clay soil which
is not too stiff. Wood says the insects prefer a loose sandy soil, but
this does not ajjpear probable for as Figuier suggests " the chamber is
scooped out in soil stiff enough to resist the action of rain." An
examination of the arrangement and structure of the anterior legs
shows how well these insects are fitted for working in the soil. These
legs fit closely against the lower outer margins of the thorax and
sides of the head, being broadened dorso-ventrally. The outer ex-
tremity of the tibia is provided with four well-developed teeth, while
the modified tarsus also possesses two tooth-like projections and
these are so arranged that they may move over some of the teeth of
the tibia forming a shear-like arrangement, which it has been sug-
gested is useful in cutting roots as the insect works its way through
the ground. Moreover, an examination of living specimens shows
that they can exert consideral:)le pressure outward with the forelegs.

March, 1918.1 WeISS & DiCKERSON : MOLE CrICKET. 21

It has further been suggested that the anterior portion of the pro-
notum which covers the posterior portion of the head like a hood is
used in shaping the gallery.

The object of the insect in burrowing through the soil is to obtain
food, but there is a difference of opinion as to what it prefers. Some
writers state that the normal food is vegetable matter while others
assert that it is of an animal nature. Whichever mav be the case,
the insect is certainly harmful, causing consideralile injury to plants.
Van Den Broek and Schenk record it as injurious in truck gardens
and nurseries, getting into heated frames and seed beds and destroy-
ing carrots and other plants, the roots of which it cuts ofif with its
fore legs. Step states that the insect is not entirely vegetarian and
probably only very slightly so. He says that while the insect has
been accused of eating raw potatoes, it was probably after the insects
associated with these vegetables. As indicative of its cannibalistic
habits he states that the male has to be kept from the young nymphs
and cites the fact that when three male crickets were shipped together
with some terrestrial insects and pieces of potato, the terrestrial
insects were devoured and two of the mole crickets were injured,
while the pieces of potato were untouched. Wood, on the other
hand, suggests that the normal food is plant tissue and that much
damage is done to root crops where the insect is common. He
states, however, that they will eat raw meat and are on occasion
cannibals, as the males are quarrelsome and will fight to death, the
victor always eating his conquered adversary.

Another investigator states that they are injurious to root crops
but may prey upon underground insects and reports that a Air. Gould
"fed a mole cricket for several months upon ants." One Russian
investigator found that the mole cricket is useful in destroying the
larvae of Mclolontha but concludes that the damage done in fields and
orchards outweighs the beneficial work. In Russia, the insect has
been recorded as injurious in market gardens, orchards and even
forests, attacking tomatoes, cabbage, turnips and other vegetables,
hops, tobacco, plum and forest trees. In France similarly, the insect
is injurious in market gardens and chicory seedlings, onion and
lettuce are cited as particularly sul)ject to injury while rice is men-
tioned as being attacked in Italy.

From these foregoing records, it is very evident that the mole

22 Journal New York Entomological Society, ["^'oi- xxvi.

cricket is a considerable pest in numerous localities and, as one might
imagine, a number of remedies or methods of dealing with it have
been suggested. Among these, the following may be noted. First,
using poisoned baits such as corn treated with arsenic, or cornstarch,
water and phosphorus, these to be put in burrows or scattered on the
ground l)eforc seeding time. Second, by injecting some substance
into the burrows such as naphtha, petroleum, a 25 per cent, emulsion
of petroleum, soapy water or calcium carbide. In this latter case,
the moisture present liberates acetylene gas. Third, trapping the
insects by a pot sunk into the soil and covered with a board or ])y
means of holes filled with manure or vessels filled with water placed
in the soil at different distances. Fourth, placing material on the
surface such as lime at the rate of 16 cwt. to the acre or the use of
naphthalene in the ground as it is being tilled. Fifth, by destroying
the nests of the insects.

At Rutherford, a workman who was employed in the nursery, and
who was engaged part of the time in dealing with this pest, used the
following method to destroy the eggs and female. A circular gallery
of the female was located by its exit hole, then the circular burrow
followed around and with a trowel a cone-shaped mass of earth was
removed, including the egg chamber and its contents, which were de-
stroyed. The surface of the cone-shaped depression thus left was
smoothed down and the gallery running from it, into which the
female retreated, located and its opening cleaned out. Then a spoon-
ful of kerosene was poured into the depression and , following this,
enough water to fill up the depression and gallery. The kerosene
rising to the surface flowed with the water into the gallery in which
the female was hiding and forced her to emerge.

It might be added that the mole cricket is capable of producing
a sound which is said to be not so shrill as that of the domestic
cricket. Figuier states, '' from the month of April the males betake
themselves to the entrance of their burrows and make their cries of
appeal. Their notes are slow, vibrating and monotonous and re-
peated a long time without interruption and somewhat resembling
the cry of the owl or goatsucker." Step describes it as a dull sound
like "the churring of the goatsucker among birds." In consequence
of this sound, according to Wood, it has received the following

J num. X. ]'. E)it. Sor.

Vol. XX VI. PI. II.

0 • »

* 4

f i I

Gryllotalpa.

^^^l•cll, igis.] "Wheeler: Ants Collected in British Guiana. 23

popular names: churr-worm, jarr-worm. eve-churr, croaker. It is
also known as the earth crab on account of its structure.

Bibliography.

BoucART, E. Insecticides, Fungicides and Weedkillers, p. 394- I9i3-
FiGUiER, Lewis. The Insect World. A New Edition Revised and Corrected

by P. Martin Duncan, p. 296.
Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, Vol. I-V, 1913 to 1917 (numerous

references).
Step, Edw. Marvels of Insect Life, p. 217.
Van Den Broek, M., en Schenk, P. J. Ziekten en Beschadigingen der

Tuinbouwgewassen, I, p. 87; II, p. 127. igiS-
Wood, J. G. Insects at Home, p. 245.
Weiss, H. B. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa,' The European Mole Cricket in New

Jersey, Jour. Econ. Ent., Vol. VIII, No. 5, p. 500, 1915.
Library of Entertaining Knowledge, Insect Architecture, p. 242, London, 1830.

Fig. I
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Explanation of Plate II.
Eggs.

Young nymphs.
Adult Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa.
Inner view of fore-leg (enlarged).
Outer view of fore-leg (enlarged).

ANTS COLLECTED IN BRITISH GUIANA BY
MR. C. WILLIAM BEEBE.

By William ^Morton Wheeler,
Forest Hills, Mass.

]\[r. C. William Beebe of the New York Zoological Park recently
sent me for identification a series of ants from British Guiana. The
specimens had been collected with an umbrella Sept. 15 to 20, 1917,
near the Penal Settlements in the Bartica District from an area of
only twenty square feet of bushes in a clearing. There are 156 spec-
imens representing 42 distinct forms. Most of these are well-known
neotropical species commonly found running over foliage, but fifteen
of them (indicated by asterisks in the list) have not before been re-
corded from British Guiana and two of them are new to science.

24 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'"'- >^XVL

Probably many minute species l^elonging to such genera as Bracliy-
myniic.v, Solcnopsis, StriDiiigciiys. etc., escaped detection owing to the
method of collecting. Among the specimens are three strikingly
myrmecoid Heteroptera and two myrmecoid Attid spiders. The col-
lection as a whole presents a vivid picture of the number and variety
of ants which in the tropics continually explore even the smallest
patch of foliage.

Subfamily Ponerin.i:.

1. Ectatomma/ tuberculatum (Olivier). Fourteen workers.

2. Neoponera commutata (Roger). One worker.

3. Neoponera villosa (Smith) subsp. inversa (Smith). Two

workers.

4. Neoponera carinulata (Roger). A single worker.

5. Neoponera unidentata (Mayr). Three workers and four de-

iilated females.

6. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) emarginatus (Fabr.). Nine workers

of the typical form, with the middle of the pronotum more or
less shining and the head paler than the thorax and gaster.

Subfamily Myrmicin.e.

7. Pesudomyrma laevigata Smith. A worker and a dealated female.

8. Pseudomyrma gracilis (Fabr.). A single worker.

9. Pseudomyrma gracilis (Fabr.) var. With only the petiole red,

the mandibles and cheeks yellow and the remainder of the body

black. Two workers.
*io. Pseudomyrma rufa Smith? A single worker.
*ii. Pseudomyrma elongata Mayr. Three workers.
*i2. Pseudomyrma decipiens Forel. A single worker.
*i3. Pseudomyrma dolichopsis Forel. A single worker.

14. Solenopsis lasvissima (Smith). Six workers.

15. Solenopsis geminata (Fabr.). A single very small worker.

16. Pheidole sp. Ten workers of a species closely related to falla.v

Mayr, but impossible of identification without the cospecific
soldiers.

17. Crematogaster limata Smith subsp. ludio Forel. Eight workers.

18. Crematogaster limata Smith subsp. parabiotica Forel. Six work-

March, igiS.] WhEELER : AnTS COLLECTED IN BRITISH GuiANA. 25

*i(j. Crematogaster ornatipilis sj). nov.

Worker. — Length 1.7—2.2 nun.

Head subrectangular, distinctly l)roader than kjng, as broad in front as
behind, with straight sides and very feebly concave posterior border. Man-
dibles narrow, their apical borders oblique, 4-toothed. Clypeus broad, evenly
convex, ecarinate, with the anterior border straight and entire in the middle.
Eyes rather convex, moderately large, just behind the middle of the head.
Frontal carinae short, slightly diverging behind. Antennae rather stout ; scapes
reaching a little behind the posterior corners of the head; funiculus with, a
2-jointed club, shorter than the remainder of the funiculus; first joint as long
as the three succeeding joints together, joints 2-8 distinctly longer than
broad. Thorax short and robust ; pronotuni, without the neck, as broad as
long, broad through the humeri which are rather angular, rapidly narrowing
behind, rather con\ex above, submarginate on the sides. Promesonotal suture
obsolete ; mesonotum very short, sloping rapidly to the narrow and rather
deep mesoepinotal constriction, on each side with a blunt denticle. Epinotum
broader than long, nearly as broad as the pronotum through the humeri ; the
base very short, with an acute denticle on each side, the declivity large, con-
cave, sloping, occupying all the space between the slightly diverging spines
which are as long as the base, shorter than their distance apart, with slender,
blunt, and slightly deflected tips. Petiole fiat, a little broader than long, with
semicircular anterior border, straight parallel sides and straight, transverse
posterior border; in profile cuneate, less than twice as long as high at the
posterior end. Postpetiole transversely elliptical, as broad as the petiole
and nearly twice as broad as long, convex above, with a very faint longitu-
dinal impression, distinct only at the posterior border. Gaster rather large,
with straight, transverse anterior border, convex sides and pointed tip.

Shining; mandibles very sparsely punctate. Clypeus and head very
smooth and shining, with very sparse, piligerous punctures; cheeks rugose in
front, the space behind them and between the eyes and frontal carina sub-
opaque and densely and finely punctate. Neck smooth and shining; pronotum
above finely longitudinally rugose and punctate; epinotum densely punctate
and subopaque. Upper surface of petiole smooth, its posterior border and the
postepetiole finely punctate. Gaster very smooth and shining, with very sparse,
piligerous punctures, segments behind the first very feebly and finely sha-
greened.

Hairs on the body very conspicuous, sparse, erect, clavate, obtuse, yellow
at the base, black at the tip, shorter on the head than on the thorax, pedicel
and gaster. Mandibles, scapes and legs with numerous, rather long, pale,
appressed and pointed hairs.

Black or very dark brown ; mandibles, legs, antennal funiculi, insertions
of scapes, epinotal spines, petiole, except at the posterior border, neck and
articulations of the pedicel, reddish brown.

26 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'*^''- >^>^vi.

Described from four specimens.

This species is closely related to C. abstiiiciis Forel, originally de-
scribed from Panama (Biol. Centr. Amer. FormicidEe, 1899-1900, p.
85) and agrees well, except in the darker color, with the original
description. When compared, however, with a specimen in my col-
lection from Cayenne labelled " abstiucns " by Forel, I note consid-
erable differences. In the latter specimen the antennal scapes and
joints 3-8 of the funiculus are decidedly shorter than in ornatipilis,
the humeri are much rounder, there are no denticles at the sides of
the mesonotum and base of the epinotum, the epinotal spines are
smoother and more acute, the hairs on the body are not black at the
tip and are less coarse and not clavate, the hairs on the legs and scapes
are shorter and much less abundant and the color is darker. Addi-
tional material may show that oniatipilis is to be regarded as a sub-
species of abstiucns. Forel has described a subsp. siitiiralis from
Venezuela, with the promesonotal suture very distinct (Mem. Soc.
Ent. Belg., 19, 1912, p. 216).

20. Cryptocerus spinosus :\Iayr. A single worker.

21. Cryptocerus minutus Fabr. Four workers.

22. Cryptocerus pusillus Klug. A single worker.
2^^. Cryptocerus maculatus Smith. A single worker.

24. Cryptocerus (Cephalotes) atratus (Linn.). Nine workers.

25. Cryptocerus (Cephalotes) oculatus Spinola. A single worker.

Subfamily Dolichoderin.e.

26. Dolichoderus atellaboides (Fabr.). Three workers and a winged

female.
*2/. Dolichoderus imbecillis Mann. Two workers.
2S. Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) bidens (Linn.). Five workers.
*29. Azteca trigona Emery. A major and a minor worker.
*30. Iridomyrmex iniquus (Mayr. ) var. nigellus Emery. A worker
and a male.

Subfamily Camponotin.e.

31. Gigantiops destructor (Fabr.). Five workers.

^2. Camponotus (Myrmothrix) abdominalis (Fabr.) subsp. ustulatus

Forel var. mediopallidus Forel. A single media and four minor

workers.

March, 19 18..1 WhEELER : AnTS COLLECTED IN BrITLSH GuIANA. 27

33. Camponotus (Myrmothrix) femoratus (Fabr.). Eighteen work-
ers.

*34. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) fastigiatus Roger. Five workers.

*35. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) pittieri Forel. A single worker
minor.

*2(^. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) auricomus Roger. A single worker
minor.

*T,y. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) crassus Mayr. var. near the subsp.
vesenyi Forel. A major and a minor worker.

*38. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) beebei new species.

Worker »i{nor. — Length about 3 mm.

Head subrectangular, a little longer than broad, scarcely narrower in
front than behind, with straight sides and posterior border and rectangular
posterior corners, convex above, with subtruncated occipital region. Man-
dibles small and narrow, rather convex, 5-toothed. Clypeus broader than
long, evenly convex, ecarinate, with straight anterior border, slightly emargi-
nate on each side. Frontal area and groove obsolete. Frontal carinae sub-
parallel behind. Eyes feebly convex, large, well behind the middle of the
head. Antennal scapes moderately stout, extending about J their length
beyond the vertical margin of the head. Thorax rather low, evenly arched
above in profile, with very distinct promesonotal and mesoepinotal sutures.
Epinotum with subequal base and declivity, the former in profile slightly
convex and continuing the even curve of the pro- and mesonotum, the latter
concave, sloping and forming a blunt obtuse angle with the base. Seen from
above the pronotum is flat, twice as broad as long and distinctly margined
on the sides, the mesonotum and base of the epinotum similarly flattened and
each submarginate anteriorly. Sides of thorax flat. Petiole thick, nearly as
high as the epinotum, its posterior surface flat in profile, its anterior surface
formed of two planes, the ventral short and parallel with the posterior sur-
face, the dorsal bevelled off to the superior border which is rather blunt.
Seen from the front the scale is much narrower than the epinotum, its sides
much contracted below, its superior border broadly rounded and entire.
Gaster very broadly elliptical. Legs rather stout, fore femora incrassated.

Rather shining; head and thorax densely and finely punctate, their dorsal
surfaces and the mandibles also with sparse, piligerous punctures. Gaster
more finely punctate-shagreened ; legs and petiole more shining and more
superficially shagreened.

Hairs golden yellow, glistening, short and coarse, erect only on the fore
coxae, tips of femora and tips of antennal scapes, absent on the petiole and
sides of the thorax, appressed and rather sparse on other parts of the body,
more abundant on the gaster but not concealing the sculpture.

Dull orange yellow, mandibles with brown teeth. Head and thorax with
black markings as follows : the vertex and occiput within a space bounded by

28 Journal New York Entomological Society, f"^'"'- >^x\'j.

a line connecting the anterio.r orbits and an oblique line on each side running
from the posterior orbit to the occipital border mesial to the posterior corner
of the head. The gular surface has a large black triangular area, broad
behind and narrowed in front. The pronotum has two black dots on its
upper surface, each in the center of one of its halves. The meso- and epi-
notum are black, with three large orange yellow spots on the dorsal surface
of the former and a similar spot on the angle of the latter. The petiolar
scale is black below and dark brown on its anterior surface above.

I have described this beautiful little species from a single minor
worker, because its coloration is so striking that it can be readily
recognized. It is placed in the subgenus Myruiobrachys with some
misgivings as it may prove to be a Colobopsis when the worker major
is brought to light.

*39. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) bidens r^layr. Two workers.

40. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) rectangularis Emery. A single

worker.

41. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) latangulus Roger. Two workers.
*4J. Camponotus (Myrmosphincta) sexmaculatus (Fabr.) var. near

bimaculatus (Smith), but with the two spots at the base of the
second gastric segment confluent.

A NEW SPECIES OF SARCOPHAGA FROM NIAGARA.
FALLS.'

By R. R. Parker,

BOZEMAN, M0NT.\NA.

Sarcophaga niagarana new species.

Holotype (male) : Collection of writer.

Arista plumose to tip (at least beneath) ; vestiture of back of head black
except for yellowish hairs just below foramen ; \ibrissae inserted on line with
oral margin ; leg vestiture short throughout ; anterior and posterior ventral
rows of bristles of middle femur not complete ; submesotial bristle absent ;
anterior dorsocentraJs and acrostichals present ; four pairs posterior dorso-
centrals ; vestiture of fourth ventral plate decumbent ; posterior margin of
fourth notum dull orange ; genital segments orange-colored, first without
marginal bristles (if present, very weak), second bristly.

1 Contribution from the Department of Entomology, Montana State
College, Bozeman, Montana.

March, igiS.] PaRKER : A New SaRCOPHAGA, 29

Length. — lo nun.

Head. — Parafontals, gena: and transverse impression dark. Breadth of
front at narrowest part about one third eye width ; check height one third
that of eye. Front prominent ; frontal vitta at its narrowest part fully twice
the width of each parafontal, its sides almost parallel. Second antennal seg-
ment blackish, its prominent bristle more than one half length of arista;
third segment more than twice length of second ; arista plumose to tip (at
least on under side). Vestiture of back of head black except for some yel-
lowish hairs just below foramen. Cheek vestiture black and coarse. Gena
with a row of hairs or hair-like bristle near lower eye orbit (the two or three
lowermost in the holotype quite long). Palpi dark.

Chsetotaxy. — Lateral verticals absent ; vibrissa inserted on line with oral
margin ; each row of frontals extends below base of vitta and diverges from
inner edge of gena.

Thorax. — Mesonotum clothed with short, reclinate bristles. Spiracular
hairs dark, except that tips may be light colored. Epaulets blackish.

Wings. — Bend of fourth vein a right angle ; anterior cross-vein more
basal than end of first longitudinal ; third vein with bristles ; costal spine
absent; sections III and V of costa about equal; calypters whitish, fringed
with white hair.

Legs.— Dark, vestiture short. Anterior face of posterior femur with
three rows of bristles, those of intermediate row few and present on proximal
half only ; posterior face without ventral row of bristles ; femur cylindrical ;
tibia straight, anterior lateral surface with a single bristle : tarsus not shorter
than tibia. Anterior and posterior rows of bristles of middle femur present,
posterior present on proximal half only and the two proximal bristles stoutest,
anterior row extending slightly farther proximally : submesotibial bristle
absent, a single bristle on posterior surface (near medium dorsal ridge).

Chsetotaxy. — Anterior dorsocentrals scarcely weaker than the two anterior
postsuturals, much longer than vestiture of prsescutum ; acrostichals present ;
inner presuturals absent : four pair posterior dorsocentrals, last two the
stronger; prescutellar acrostichals present: scutellar apicals present: three
sternopleurals ; lower sternopleura with bristles only.

Abdomen. — Clothed above with short reclinate bristles, beneath with
longer, more erect hair. Vestiture of fourth ventral plate decumbent, with
long appressed marginal hairs. Posterior margin of fourth notum dull
orange.

Chaetotaxy. — Second segment without marginal bristles, third with two.

Genital Segments. — First dull orange, faintly yellowish polinose, sparse
hairy vestiture posteriorly', marginal bristles absent or very weak : second
polished, orange-colored, rotund, anteriorly with long slender bristles, pos-
teriorly with shorter hairy vestiture, anal area small. Forceps same color as
second segment ; base with long, curly haiis, and without upward prolonga-
tions ; in profile the prongs narrowed near tips, the latter blunt and approxi-
mated.

30 Journal New York Entomological Society, t'^'o'- -^x^■^•

The holotype was taken at Niagara Falls, New York, on June 25,
but the year and collector are not recorded.

The genital segments of the type specimen were somewhat dis-

/=^ forceps; g.s.^ and <7..j.o := first and second genital segments; a.p.^ acces-
sory plate.

torted and the claspers were not visible, but the characters of the
penis and forceps are sufficiently distinctive to inake the recognition
of the species easy.

BEETLES COLLECTED ON A DEAD BLACK OAK IN
VIRGINIA.

By Wirt Robinson,

West Point, N. Y.

In the Entomological News for March, 1905, Mrs. Slosson gave
an account of the insects found in an old gumbo-limbo log at Miami,
Florida, and in the Journal of the New York Entomological So-
ciety for June, 191 2, Messrs. Davis and Leng gave a list of the in-
sects which they took upon a recently felled pine at Cleveland, Florida.

During the past summer I was fortunate enough to discover near
my home in Virginia a dead black oak with a large insect population
and it may prove of interest to contrast the following list of my cap-
tures with those mentioned above.

The locality is Buckingham County on James River about 100
miles west of Richmond. The level and fertile bottom land on both
sides of the river is under cultivation, but the steeper bordering hill-
sides are in many places wooded.

March, 1918.] RoBINSON : BEETLES COLLECTED IN VIRGINIA. 31

At a shady spot where a little stream breaking? throuj^h these hills
supplies a clear pool to which the farm hands resorted for their mid-
day rest, there stood a black oak a foot or so in diameter and some
thirty feet in height. Under this tree horses had been fed and they
had browsed down the underbrush, making about it a small opening.
Finally, some thoughtless boy had chopped a belt around the tree and
killed it. This had been. done about the middle of May, as the with-
ered leaves which still clung to the twigs had not reached full size
when death overtook them.

I visited the spot first on July 9 and took a number of beetles, but
did not pry off any of the loose pieces of bark, as I was expecting a
visit from Mr. Wm. T. Davis and wished to defer a thorough ex-
amination until I could make it in his company. On July 12 we visited
the tree together and took some thirty-odd species, and on July 23 I
passed by late in the afternoon and took a few more.

My list follows:

Carabid.e.

1. No. 657, Amara impuncticollis, 5 taken under debris at foot of

the tree.

2. No. 904, Coptodera aerata, very abundant in crevices in the bark.

CORYLOPHID^-E.

3. No. 3017, Sacium lunatum, several taken.

COLYDIID.E.

4. No. 3248, Synchita fulginosa, one.

5. No. 3255, Ditoma quadricollis, four.

6. No. 3272, Auloniuni parallelopipedum, one.

7. No. 3276, Colydium lineola, five.

8. No. 3285, Penthelispa reflexa, two.

9. No. 3287, Bothrideres geminatus, eight.

10. No. Cerylon sp. Differs from C. castaneum in shape and

punctuation of thorax and in striation of elytra.

Rhyssodid.e.

11. No. 3297, Clinidium sculptile, three.

32 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'°1- xxvi.

cucujid.e.

12. No. 3300, Silvanus bidentatus, several.

13. No. 3310, Catogenus rufus, one.

14. No. 3320, Laemophlaeus biguttatus, three.

15. No. 3330, Laemophlseus punctatus, eight.

16. No. 3349, Brontes dubius, three.

MyCETOPHAGID.tE,

17. No. 3391, Mycetophagus punctatus, three.

18. No. 3393, Mycetophagus fiexuosus, two.

19. No. 3404, Litargus sex-punctatus, five.

HiSTERID.E.

20. No. 3516, Hister vernus, one.

21. No. 3520, Hister lecontei, three.

22. No. 3533, Epierus regularis, two.

23. No. 3564, Paromalus bistriatus, one.

NiTIDULID.E.

24. No. 3725, Prometopia sex-maculata, abundant.

OSTOMID^E.

25. No. 3831, Airora cylindrica, three.

26. No. 3836, Tenebrioides mauritanica, five.

MONOTOMID.E.

27. No. 3869, Bactridium ephippigerum, two.

Elaterid.e.

28. No. 4093, Alaus oculatus, one.

Buprestid^e.

29. No. 4573, Chalcophora campestris, three. This species more fre-

quently breeds in sycamore and in sugar maple.

30. No. 4598, Buprestis rufipes, one July 9. Usually breeds in sugar

maple and in gum in Virginia.

March, i9i8.] RoBINSON : BEETLES COLLECTED IN VIRGINIA. 33

Ptinid.e.

31. No. 5350, Bostrychus bicornis, four.

SCARAB.EID.E.

32. No. 5608, Clceotus aphodioides, three.
23. No. 5609, Clceotus globosus, four.

Cerambycid.^e.

34. No. 5985, Smodicum cucujiforme, six.

35. No. 6443, Urographis fasciatus, one.

Tenebrionid.e.

2,6. No. 7391a, Nyctobates barbata, three.
27. No. 7413. Xylopinus saperdioides, one.

38. No. 7414, Xylophinus rufipes, one.

39. No. 7546, Helops micans, two.

Calandrid.e.
4c. No. 9026, Cossonus concinnus, abundant.

AxTIIRIBID.i:.

41. No. Piezocorynus virginicus Leng, abundant.

42. No. 9235, Choragus nitens, abundant.

This beetle gave me an instructive lesson. The little, rounded,
shiny-black creatures were abundant on the bark of the trunk and I
could easily have taken a large number, but the casual glance that I
gave to the first led me to think that it was a common species of
Triaclnis and I therefore took only three, this in spite of the fact that
dead bark was no place to find Triachits and also that there was such
great variation in the size of the individuals. Later in the fall I
failed to identify the specimens as belonging to the Chrysomelida?,
and I sent them to Mr. Leng, who was at first misled by my attempt
to place them in Triaclnis, but who finally ran them down.

34 Journal New York Entomological Society, t"*'"'- -^>^vi-

ACALYPTER^ (DIPTERA) COLLECTED IN MOBILE
COUNTY, ALABAMA.

By a. H. Sturtevant,
New York.

Localities.

Gulf crest. Twenty-five miles northwest of Mobile. Elevation loo
feet. The records are all the result of one afternoon collecting, Nov.

4, 1916. The locality was a sandy hillside, and a stream bordered by
a narrow swamp.

Saraland. Ten miles north of Mobile. At edge of Mobile River
swamp. Oct. 26 and 2j, 1916. Two collecting grounds: one was along
the banks of a stream and in the open bog near it, just at the limit of
the tidewater region ; the other was a few miles west, and on a dry
sandy hillside.

Mobile. All collecting was done the morning of Oct. 24, 1916,
along a road through the thick swamp north of the city. Garbage
heaps were investigated in this swamp.

Springhill. Ten miles west of Mobile. Nov. i, 1916. Chiefly dry
sandy hills, but some specimens from open bogs.

Coden. On the coast, ten miles east of the Mississippi line. One
afternoon, Oct. 22, 191 6. Beach, brackish marsh, and fresh-water
bog back half a mile from the shore.

Kushla. Eleven miles northwest of ^Mobile. June and July, 1914;
April, 1915; Oct. 18-Nov. 8, 1916. Collecting in various kinds of
localities. Fruit and fungi were very carefully examined for Droso-
philida;.

MiCROPEZID.E.

Calobatr, lasciv?, Fabr. Kushla.

Sepsid.ti.

Sepsis violacea Meig. Kushla.

5. violacea similis Macq. Kushla, Coden.
S. pectoralis Macq. Kushla.

March, I9i8.] StURTEVANT: AcALYI'TER.E COLLECTED IN ALABAMA. 35
PlOPHILID.E.

Prochyliza xanthostoma Walk. Kushla.
Piophila casei Linn. Kushla.

Ortalidid.e.

Rivellir. variabilis Loew. Kushla.

Camptoneurr, picta Fabr. Kushla.

Pseudotephritif; vau Say. Kushla.

Chrysomyza aenea Fabr. Kushla. An Oriental species, recorded
from Louisiana by Knab (Science, n.s. 43; 76). I found it com-
mon about cut sugar-cane.

Euxesta notata Wied. Kushla, Mobile, Springhill.

Chaetopsis fulvifrons Macq. Kushla, Mobile.

Zacompsia fulva Coq. Kushla, Mobile. I have the species also from
Florence, S. C. There is evidently a slip in the generic descrip-
tion given by Coquillett. The third antennal joint is said to be
twice as wide as long, but more slender than in Euxesta — an ob-
vious contradiction. It should be " twice as long as wide." The
error appears also in the table of genera given in Willdston's
Manual (3d edition, 1908, p. 278). The form differs from all the
ten species of Euxesta known to me in having no prescutcllar
bristles.

Trypetid.'E.

Peronyma sarcinata Loew. Saraland (2 specimens), Kushla (3 spec-
imens), Springhill (i specimen). The species does not seem to
have been recorded since Loew described it from South Carolina.

The following notes are therefore presented.

Two subequal orbitals, convergent and slightly proclinate ; a third
reclinate one near vertex. An inner convergent and a shorter outer
divergent vertical. A long, widely divergent ocellar. Postverticals
subparallel. One humeral ; two notopleurals ; one large and one small
presutural; one supraalar; two postalars; two dorsocentrals ; one
scutellar pair. Two mesopleurals ; one pteropleural; one sternopleural.
A number of fine black hairs on lower and posterior portion of sterno-
pleura. A tuft of small white hairs in center of propleura, and sim-
ilar hairs scattered over mesopleura ; no hairs on pteropleura.

One specimen has only one lower orbital on one side, 3 on the

36 Journal New York Entomological Society, [^""i- -^XVT.

other. One has two outer divergent verticals. In one the postver-
ticals are black; in the others they are white, sometimes with grayish
tips. In some specimens the small supraalar is missing. The posterior
notopleural is always on a polished black tubercle.

There is no trace of the third dorsocentral and second scutellar
pairs of bristles suggested by Loew. The scutellum has a number of
white hairs.

Oedaspis atra Loew. Gulf crest, Saraland, Kushla, Springhill.

Neaspilota achilleae Johnson. Saraland.

Ensina picciola Bigot. Kushla, Gulfcrest.

Euaresta bella Loew. Kushla, Gulfcrest.

Urellia mevarna Walk. Kushla, Gulfcrest. My series of this species
and of Ensina picciola are not uniform in wing pattern. The
two wings of the same specimen are frequently different. I am
inclined to suspect that some of the species in these two groups
that have been based on such differences are not valid.

Lauxaniid.e.

Steganopsis (Lauxania) latipennis Coq. Gulfcrest, Kushla, Saraland.

Lauxania trivittata Loew. Kushla, Springhill.

Minettia valida Walk. {Saproiiiy:;a macula Loew.) Kushla.

Camptoprosopella vulgaris Fitch. Kushla.

Trigonometopus reitculatus Johnson. Saraland (one specimen).

T. vittatus Loew. Kushla (two specimens — Oct.), agreeing with the

notes made by Knab (Psyche, 21 : 126) on his specimen from

Florida.

MiLICHIID.E.

Pholeomyia pseudodecora Becker. Saraland.
P. leucogastra dispar Becker. Kushla.
?Phyllomyza approximata Malloch. Kushla.

Agromyzid^.

Agromyza virens Loew. Kushla. This is apparently the form de-
scribed as A. gibsoni Malloch.
?A. longipennis Loew. Kushla.

March, igiS.] StURTEVANT : ACALYPTER.K COLLECTED IN ALABAMA.

37

Geomyzid.e.

Diastata pulchra Loew. Gulfcrest.
Mumetopia occipitalis r^Ielander. Kushla, Gulfcrest.
Rhicnoessa albula Locw. This is apparently a seashore form. I have
collected it also at Key West, Fla.

Drosoi'iiilid.^.

Aulacigaster leucopeza ]\Ieigen. Kushla.

Pseudophortica obesa (Drosophila obcsa Loew; Phortica hirtifrons
Johnson). Kushla, on persimmons. The genus Psciidoplwrtica
is a new one. The following are its characters.

Pseudophortica new genus.

Arista plumose. Three large orbitals; upper two reclinate, lower
proclinate and situated above middle of front. A pair of large
divergent ocellars; two pairs of verticals; a pair of small widely
separated convergent postverticals. Front covered with black hairs
except at vertex; broad, sides nearly parallel. Face with well-
developed carina; clypeus moderately large. A large vibrissa; and
a stout bristle on the lower occiput, just above the lower rear corner
of the head. Eyes nearly bare.

Two dorsocentrals; one prescutellar ; acrostichal hairs in more
than ten irregular rows; one humeral; one presutural ; two noto-
pleurals; two supraalars ; two postalars; two pairs of scutellars, pos-
terior ones crossed; one small propleural ; two sternopleurals ; meso-
pleurae bare.

Several apical bristles on each tibia, those on the second pair
larger; a few short stout apical bristles on each of the four basal
tarsal joints of the second and third pairs of legs.

Costa twice broken, reaches tip of fourth vein, but is weak beyond
third. x-Yuxiliary vein rudimentary, but a shadow continues to dis-
tal costal break. Discal and second basal cells confluent. Third and
fourth veins slightly divergent at tips. Wing tip rounded. Anal cell
and anal vein present.

Type and only species, Drosophila obesa Loew,

I have examined the types of obcsa and of hirtifrons, and am cer-
tain of the synonymy. I have also seen specimens from Georgia,
Tennessee, and Virginia.

38 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^^'o'- -'^^'^'i-

Leucophenga varia Walk. {Drosophiki quadrimaciilaia Walk.).
Kushla.

L. maculosa Coq. Kushla. I have given this as a synonym of qiiad-
ri))iaciilata Walk. (Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 9; 324.) This is an
error, due to carelessness in checking up Walker's description.

Chymomyza amoena Loew. Kushla.

C. procnemis Williston. Kushla. Mobile.

Mycodrosophila dimidiata Loew. Kushla. The genus Mycodrosoptiila
Oldenberg (Arch. Naturgesch., 80 A, 2, 4) has not hitherto been
recognized from North America. Drosophila dimidiata Loew.,
D. thoracis Williston, and D. projectans Sturtevant all belong
here. The genus is characterized by having the anterior pair
of dorsocentrals minute or missing, and the distal costal break
unusually deep. The known species are all shining black with
pale-yellow markings.

Drosophila affinis Sturtevant. Kushla.

D. busckii Coq. Kushla.
D. funebris Fabr. Kushla.

D. guttifera Walk. Kushla, Gulfcrest.

D. melanica Sturtevant. Kushla.

D. melanissima Sturtevant. Kushla. In October, 191 6, I found this
species in large numbers around moist sawdust made from a liv-
ing pine tree (Pimis palusfris) by a boring beetle.

D. melanogaster Meig. Kushla. Mobile.

D. modesta Sturtevant. Kushla.

D. putrida Sturtevant. Kushla.

D. quadrata Sturtevant. Kushla.

D. repleta Wollaston. Kushla.

D. robusta Sturtevant. Kushla.

D. sigmoides Loew. Kushla, Gulfcrest.

D. transversa Fall. Kushla.

D. tripunctata Loew. Kushla.

D. alabamensis new species.

Arista with 5 branches above and i below. Antennae large, brown ; third
joint large, oval, dark. Front about one half width of head, wider above;
brown, triangle and orbits grayish. " Second " orbital over one half other
two, placed a trifle below third. Only one prominent oral bristle. Carina
very small, confined to upper part of face ; face light brown. Proboscis

March, i9i8.] StURTEVANT : ACALYPTER.E COLLECTED IN ALABAMA. 39

brown, palpi dark brown, large. Cheeks brown; their greatest width about
one third greatest diameter of eyes. Eyes with short pile.

Acrostichal hairs in 6 rows ; no prescutellars. Mesonotum dull brown ;
humeri, median stripe, pair of stripes in dorsocentral rows, and posterior pair
of stripes outside the latter and joining them at the suture, grayish. Scutel-
lum brown, with grayish border. Pleurae dull brown. Legs yellowish brown.
Apical and preapical bristles on first and second tibiae, preapicals on third.

Abdomen dark dull brown.

Wings clear. Costal index about 2.^, fourth vein index about 2.3, 5X
index about 2.0, 4C index about 1.3.

Length body 2^4 mm., wings 2^^ mm.

Holotype: Kushla, Ala., April 9. 1915. Deposited in the Ameri-
can Mttseum of Natural History.
Scaptomyza adusta Loew. Kushla, Gulf crest.
S. graminum Fall. Kushla.

Ephydrid.^.

Mosillus aeneus Fall. Kushla.
Paralimna appendiculata Loew. Kushla, Saraland.
Ochthera mantis deGeer. Gulfcrest, Kushla, Saraland.
0. tuberculata Loew. Kushla, Saraland, Mobile.
Parydra quadrituberculata Loew. Kushla.

There are a number of other Ephydridse in the collection, not yet
identified.

Chloropid.e.

Elliponeura debilis Loew. Kushla.
Chloropisca glabra ]\Ieig. (assiiiiilis ISIacq.). Kushla.
Diplotoxa microcera Loew. Kushla.

D. versicolor Loew. Gulfcrest, Kushla, Saraland, Coden.
Ceratobarys eulophus Loew. Kushla.
Elachiptera costata Loew. Kushla.
Melanochaeta longula Loew. Kushla.
M. nigricornis Loew. Kushla. Mobile.
Hippelates flavipes pusio Loew. Kushla.
H. subvittatus Malloch. Kushla, Saraland.

H, texanus Malloch. Gulfcrest. Kushla, Saraland, Springhill, Mo-
bile, Coden.
Siphonella cinerea Loew. Springhill.
Tricimba (Notonaulax) cincta Meig. Kushla.

40 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'oi. xxvi.

Oscinella coxendix Fitch. Gulf crest, Kushla, Saraland, Springhill,

Alobile, Coden.
0. frit pusilla Aleig. (carbonaria Loew). Kushla, Mobile.

B0RBORID.E.

Borborus equinus Fall. Kushla.

? B. neglectus Malloch. Kushla, Spriughill.

? Leptocera ferruginata Stenh. Kushla.

Also a number of unidentified species of Leptocera.

SCIOMYZID^.

Sciomyza nana Fall. [Mobile, Coden.

S. pubera Loew. ^Mobile.

Tetanocera umbrarum Linn. Kushla, Mobile.

T, arcuata Loew. Saraland.

Helomyzid.e.
Helomyza quinquepunctata Say. Kushla (April).

SYNOPTIC KEY TO THE SUBFAMILIES OF MIRID^
(HEMIPTERA-HETEROPTERA).

By Harry H. Knight,
Ithaca, New York.

In preparing a paper on the Miridae of Connecticut the writer was
confronted with the necessity of preparing suitable keys for the
determination of the species. The first big problem was to prepare
a workable key for separating the subfamilies and the respective
tribes. Renter (1910) in his " Phylogenie und Systematik der Miri-
den " has given a classification of the subfamilies and divisions of
[Mirids but no other worker has as yet been able to make practical
use of his keys. We must give Renter great credit for pointing out
the characters by which the subfamilies should be separated but it is
unfortunate he was unable to prepare tables that could be readily

March, igiS.] KnIGHT: SyNOPTIC Key TO AflRID.E. 41

used In- later workers. Renter found that the structures of the
aroHa, corresponding to the pulvilliE between the tarsal claws of flies,
in their modifications showed fundamental relationships between the
species and groups within the family.

The present writer has spent much time studying and making
drawings of claws and arolia in all the genera obtainable from North
America and in this way is able to present a graphic record of the
characters used in the classification with the hope that the same may
make the keys more usable. Mr. Van Duzee has recently published
(Univ. Calif. Pub., Vol. i : 199-216, 1916) practical keys to the
genera of MiridcC but has not made much use of the subfamily group-
ing.

Dr. W. E. Britton has kindly given his approval to the publica-
tion of the present key in advance of the work on Connecticut
Hemiptera and it is hoped by so doing, other workers may test it out
and suggest improvements.

Key to the Subfamilies of Mirid.s:.

1 . Arolia present ^

Arolia absent (sometimes two parallel bristles simulating arolia, figs.

47-49) 8

2. Arolia arising distant at the base (fig. 42) or upon the inner angle of the

claw (fig. 14) ; or pseudo-arolia connate upon the inner curve of the

claw (figs, i-i 3 ) 3

Arolia always arising approximate at the base between the claws (figs.
15-36, 50-55), not connate with them but sometimes minute pseudo-
arolia are also apparent on the inner curve of the claw (figs. 27-29,
53-55) ; free, more or less linear, converging or diverging at the

apices

3. Prothorax simple, without an annuliform apical stricture 4

Prothorax with an annuliform apical stricture, sometimes obsolete above

in the middle 5

4. Lorse distinctly separated from the genre ; ultimate segment of the tarsi

linear, tibiae generally spinose Phylinae.

Lorse confluent with the genae ; ultimate tarsal segment incrassate (fig.
43), rarely linear, tibiae destitute of spines Bryocorinae.

5. Lorx linear, distinctly separated from the genae ; ultimate tarsal segment

linear, tibiae finely spinulose Dicyphinae.

Lorae confluent with the genae ; ultimate tarsal segment incrassate. tibiie
destitute of spines Bryocorinae.

6. Arolia converging at their apices (figs. 15-36) Orthotylinae.

Arolia diverging at their apices (figs. 37, 38, 50-55) 7

42 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxvi.

7. Claws sharply bent (figs. 37, 38), arolia broadly divergent and more or

less thickened Dicyphinae.

Claws normal, arolia more or less linear, erect and diverging from the
apical half (figs. 50-55) Mirinae.

8. (i) Prothorax simple, destitute of an apical stricture P'hylinag.

Prothorax provided with an apical stricture, sometimes fine and shallow ;

when apparent only at the sides an impressed line extends back to the
rear of the calli 9

9. Claws simple and slender, rarely spread widely (figs. 40, 41); tibiae not

strongly spinose. long and tapering at the apex or else greatly short-
ened, in the latter case segment I of the tarsi is unusually long, the

head transverse and eyes strongly protruding Cylapinae.

Claws thick, usualy sharply curved or bent, toothed near the base or thick
and broadly curved (figs. 39, 45-49) 10

10. Pronotum with an apical gibbosely convex area; stricture apparent only

at the sides from which an impressed line extends to the rear of the

calli Clivineminae.

Pronotum with an annuliform apical stricture 11

11. Hemelytra hyaline, glassy, ovate, with a sharply defined inverted Y-

shaped red or fuscous mark (Hyaliodes) Dicyphinae (pars).

Hemelytra not hyaline or glassy ; claws more or less toothed, destitute of
arolia but often with two stiffs parallel bristles evident between the
claws at base (figs. 46-49) Deraeocorinae.

The writer has found in addition to the arolia which arise normally
between the bases of the claws, a translucent horn-like development
occurring on the inner curve of the claws to which he has given the
name pscndo-aroUa. In certain species it is perfectly apparent that
the pseudo-arolia is nothing more than the thin transparent edge of
the claw (figs. 18-20. 27-29, 32, 33. 53-55). In the PhylincT, how-
ever, this claw development of the pseudo-arolia is so prominent that
Renter and others have referred to "' minute arolia " or " arolia con-
nate with the claw." In Oncotyhts and Macrotylus (figs. 13-14) we
see the most confusing development of pseudo-arolia. In Macrotylus
there is an unusual development of the pseudo-arolia and claw, a
condition that has been regarded as " arolia attached at the base of
the claw.'" To be true arolia the writer believes the origin of the
same should be between the bases of the claws, and not upon the
claw. In Pycuodcrcs and Sixcouotiis is seen the most confusing
condition of all, arolia or pseudo-arolia being greatly developed and
broadly united with the claws. The morphological development of

Journ. N. Y. Eiil. Soc. Vol. XXVI. PI. I] I.

,<*>^ .^i^ Si-^ 'fi-r' ,Van/ ^-nr^

ii^uuv4p

Mirid^.

March, 19 iS.] KnIGHT: SyNOPTIC KeY TO MlRID.E. 43

the arolia and pseudo-arolia offers a good field for investigation and
the writer hopes in the future to do some work along that line.

The hamus. a cross vein occurring in the hind wing of Phylini
and a few higher forms, is used by Renter in his diagnosis of the
subfamilies. This is an obscure and not easily used character, the
writer not finding it necessary or of advantage to use in a key.

EXPL.WATION OF FIGURES ON PlATE III.

Figs. I-I2. Claws of Phylin.*: (Tribe Phylini).

1. Chlamydatns associatus (Uhl.).

2. Reuteroscopns ornatus (Reut.).

3. Europiella rnbida (Uhl.).

4. Microsyanima bohemani (Fall.).

5. Rhinocapsus vanduzeii Uhl.

6. Criocoris canadensis V. D.

7. Apocremnus ancorifer (Fieb.).

8. Apocremnus sp.

9. Campylomma verbasci (Meyer).

10. Plagiognathus fuscosus (Prov.).

11. Plagiognathus annulatits Uhl.

12. Microphylellus modestus Reut.
Figs. 13-14. Claws of Oncotylini.

13. Onchumenus decolor (Fall.).

14. Macrotylns sexguttatus (t*rov.).
Figs. 15-36. Claws of Orthotylin.^.

15. Labops hesperius Uhl.

16. Semiuni hirtiun Reut.

17. Parthenicus vaccini V. D.

18. Halticus citri Ashm.

19. Halticus intermedins Uhl.

20. Strongylocoris stygicus (Say).

21. Orthocephalus mutabilis Fall.

22. Sericophanes noctuans Knight.

23. Alcpidia gracilis (Uhl.).

24. Pilophorns amocnus Uhl.

25. Pseudoxenetus scutellatits Uhl.

26. Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhl.).
2y. Lopidea robinicE (Uhl.).

28. Hadronema militaris Uhl.

29. Ilnacora malina (Uhl.).

30. Orthotylus flavosparsus (Sahlbg.).

31. Orthotylus catulus V. D.

32. Orthotylus dorsalis (Prov.).

44 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxvi.

33. Heterocordylns malinus Rent.

34. Mecoinma gilvipes (Stal).

35. Rcutcria irrorata (Say).

36. Diaphnidia pelhtcida Uhl.
Figs. 37-39. Claws of Dicyphin.?;.

37. Dicyphus agilis (Uhl.) (also lateral).

38. Dicyphus famelicns (Uhl.).

39. Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say).
Figs. 40-41. Claws of Cyl.^pin^.

40. Cylapus tenuicornis Say.

41. Fnlvius bntnneus (Prov.).
Figs. 42-44. Claws of Bryocorin^.

42. Monalocoris filicis (Linn.).

43. Pycnoderes dilatattis Reut.

44. Sixeonotus insignis Reut.
Fig. 45. Claws of Clivinemin.^.

45. Largidea davisi Knight, claws and hind tarsus.
Figs. 46-49. Claws of Der.iocori.n.e.

46. Cimatlan venatoriiim (V. D.).

47. Eurychilopterella luridula Reut.

48. Camptobrochis grandis Uhl.

49. Dercrocoris ruber (Linn.).
Figs. 50-55. Claws of Miring.

50. Pithanus maerkeli (H. S.).
61. Stenodcma trispiiwsuiu Reut.

52. Zoshippus sp.

53. Platytylellus insitiva (Say).

54. Phytocoris lasiomenis Reut.

55. Lygus vanduzeei Knight.

CONCERNING LYG^IDiE.— NO. i.

By H. G. Barber.
roselle p.\kk, n. j.

Tribe Myodochini Stal.

In Biol. Cent. Amer., 1882. p. 399, Distant described a new
genus Pscudopamcra m^Lkxng his auririiUana the type; eleven years
later in the Supplement, 1893, P- 399- he added Pscudopamcra forrcri.
The former species in all probability belongs to the genus Ligyro-

Marcli. I9i8.] BaRBER : CONCERNING LyG.EID.E. 45

coris. although the ventral strigose lunate vitta: are not mentioned;
possibly my L. psciidolicnciis is synonymous with it. Even if the
genus Psciidopamcra should not fall into synonymy, P. forrcri has
no affinity to it and a new genus must be erected to receive it.

Caenopamera new genus.

Type Psciidopamcra forrcri Dist. 1893.

Head slightly longer than wide, lightly exserted ; space between
l)ase of antenna and eye about three times as long as the postocular
space, very lightly and gradually contracted back of the eyes; sides
of head before eyes nearly parallel. Antennx pilose; basal segment
incrassate, a little longer than basal segment of rostrum, apex of
tylus not reaching middle of this segment; second segment elongate,
over twice as long as first, longer than third and fourth together,
third segment a little shorter than fourth. Rostrum with basal seg-
ment scarcely reaching base of head, second segment longer than
third. Pronotum transversely; angularly constricted; impunctate
anterior lobe much narrower and twice as long as the posterior pro-
fusely punctate posterior lobe, provided with a depressed series of
punctures within the anterior margin. Scutellum longer than wide,
posteriorly carinate. Clavus with three irregular series of punctures.
Costal margin of the corium expanded and concave before the middle.
Membrane reaching apex of abdomen. Posterior margin of the
metapleura concave. The incrassate fore femora; provided with two
series of spines, the outer series confined to the subapex. The
posterior tibije provided with a few scattered setose hairs, similar to
those of antennae. Hind tarsus with basal segment about twice as
long as second ahd third together.

Cccnopamcra (Psciulopaincra) forrcri Dist. Biol. Cent. Amer., p.
399, 1893, Pit. XXXV, fig. 5. ^Mexico; 8 J's Phoenix, Ariz. (U. S.
N. M.).

Zeridoneus new genus.

Type Pcrigciics costalis Van Duz., 1909.

Head, with the antocular space to base of antenna a little longer
than the postocular space, gradually constracted Ijack of eyes. An-
tennae almost nude; apex of tylus reaching beyond middle of basal
segment. Basal segment of rostrum much longer than basal segment
of antenna and about reaching the base of head, second segment
longer than the third. Bucculae extended to line across eyes. Pro-

46 Journal New York Entomological Society, ["^'oi- xxvi.

iiotum shallowly, obtusely constricted just behind middle, provided
with a distinct ring-like collar. Scutellum much longer than wide,
carinate throughout, more obscurely so in front. Costal margin of
corium not at all concavely arcuated. Posterior margin of the meta-
pleura nearly straight. Incrassate fore femorse provided with two
or three subapical teeth intermixed with several smaller ones. Legs
longer than in Pcrigencs. Posterior tibix provided with long rigid
bristles. Posterior tarsus with the basal segment fully three times as
long as the second and third together.

Zcridoneus (Perigencs) costalis Van Duz.. Canad. Entomol.. 373,
1909. Northeastern United States and Canada.

Genus Ligyrocoris Stal.
I find m.yself obliged to retain this genus, although outside of the
ventral strigose vittK the characters are those of OrtJia-a Dall. for
inost of the contained species. But these finely strigose vittre seem
to me to be a sufficiently definite character to warrant us in keeping
this genus distinct.

Ptochiomera (Carpilis) ferruginea Stal.

The genus Carpilis was erected by Stal, 1874, from a brachypterus
male specimen from Texas to which he gave the specific name ferru-
ginea. Apparently the macropterous form was unknown to Stal and
is indeed very rare. The long-winged form is very different in ap-
pearance from the short-winged form, but an examination of it proves
beyond question that it is a true Ptochiomera. I have recently re-
ceived a macropterous female from Prof. H. M. Parshley. taken at
Orono, Me. In this specimen the head is imbedded to the eyes, the
pronotum anteriorly is without a ring-like collar and is transversely
constricted a short distance behind the middle ; the anterior lobe is
much narrower and twice as long as the posterior lobe. The clavus
is distinct, deflected to the corium and provided with three rows of
punctures. The membrane is fully developed and reaches to the apex
of the abdomen. The second joint of the antennre is twice as long
as the third.

This seems to be a rare species. Mr. J. R. de la Torre-Bueno has
taken a J* and 5 (brachypt.) at Yaphank, L. L, Sept., 191 1. The
J* has the anterior tibia armed with a strong, sub-median tooth as in
Ptochiomera piibcrula Stal from Texas.

March, ipis.] Davis : Charles Edwin Sleight. 47

CHARLES EDWIN SLEIGHT.

By Wm. T. Davis,
New Brightox, Statex Island, N. Y.

A real naturalist is generally a born one and the life of Charles Edwin
Sleight is only another illustration of the accepted statement. He was born
May 26, i860, in Yonkers, Westchester County, N. Y., and started to make
natural history collections at an early age. He attended the public schools,
and later became an architect, establishing himself in business at Paterson,
New -Jersey. In his spare time he took great pleasure in mounting his birds
and mammals in natural positions, and was always much interested in the
technical part of the treatment and preservation of specimens. Later when
he became more of a collector of insects, he devised a cheap and effective
type of box for his specimens, a box of the same size for the preservation of
alcoholic material in bottles, and a simple plan for mounting small insects
on the usual card points. This last consists of an oblong block of wood with
two parallel rows of holes about an inch apart. After laying the specimens
on their backs in a row on the edge of the block, it is only necessary to apply
the freshly glue-tipped point in the usual way and drop the head end of the
pin in one of the holes. The insect will thus be held in position while drying,
which takes but a few minutes. The Sleight method is a neat and speedy
one for mounting small insects, and worthy of being generally followed.

When the warm days of summer came Mr. Sleight often went camping.
As he generally had several buildings to look after, he thought it best not to
go too far away from home, and so was content to have his camp in some
near retreat where he could reach his business when necessary, and ramble
about the woods the remainder of the time. Of recent years he had a regular
summer camp on the shores of Lake Hopatcong, N. J., to which many of his
entomological friends were invited. This was his chief camp, which was also
visited by his family, but on occasions one or both of his sons, and generally
a friend, would seek some out-of-the-way place for the mystery or adventure
that lingers about a forest pond or a lonely valley. It was through Mr.
Sleight's cooperation in loaning tents that the camp of entomologists at Lake-
hurst, N. J., in July, igog, was made possible, and it was he who suggested
the wagon journey devoted to collecting entomological material in northern
New Jersey, which took place in May, 1910.

Mr. Sleight was interested in entomology in general, but more particularly
in the Trichoptera, and he spent much time in rearing a number of species
that frequented the brooks and ponds about his home at Ramsey, N. J. An
interesting paper of his observations on these insects is to be found in the
Journal of the N. Y. Ento. Soc. for March, 19 13.

He was a member of the Brooklyn and New York entomological societies,
and ser^•ed the former as its delegate to the council of the New York Academy

48 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'o'- xxvi.

of Sciences, to which society he had the honor of being elected a Fellow
in 1913, In September, 1913, Mr. Sleight visited the east coast of Florida,
collecting at several points from Jacksonville to Key West. At that time he
was not in good health and was able to be afield but part of each day.
Gradually he grew more feeble, and died at Ramsey, May 20, 191 7.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Records of Butterflies from Ft. Wadsworth, Staten Island, N. Y. —

Basilarchia nrsula,iorm albofascinata'Newc. A female was collected,
September 4, 1917. Two others have been recorded from Staten
Island. See List of the Macrolepidoptera of Staten Island, N. Y.,
Proc. S. I. Assn. of Arts and Sciences, Vol. Ill, p. 5, and Journal
N. Y. Ent. Soc, Vol. XXIV, p. 93. Libythea bachmani Kirt.,
August 29, 1917. Papilio cresphontes Cram., August 26, 1917, and
September 2, 1917. The last two species have also been recorded
from Staten Island in the list above referred to, but following Dyar's
list of 1902 the Papilio was there given as thoas L., cresphontes being
at that time considered a synonym. — Edward J. Burns.

Cicindela abdominalis Fab. — On August 5, 1913, a single spec-
imen of this tiger beetle was collected near Bald Hill, southwest of
Riverhead, Long Island. On August 21, 1914, seven specimens were
collected on a sand path that runs parallel to the Permic River on its
southerly side. In August, 1917, no specimen could be found on
the sand path, but two were taken near Great Pond, one on the road
leading from Riverhead. — Wm. T. Davis.

Holcaspis centricola Osten Sacken. — From Farmingdale, Long
Island, N. Y., Sept. 27, 1917. Found on post oak (Quercus minor).
When fresh the gall is marked very beautifully with reddish spots.
It has been reported from Washington, D. C, New Jersey and In-
diana. We have found it on several occasions at Lakehurst, N. J.,
but never before in N. Y. State. — Wm. T. Davis.

Rhodites gracilis Ashm. — Collected on rose leaves at Litchfield,
Conn., Aug. 25, 191 7, by Louis B. Woodruff. This appears to be a
rare gall and is figured by Beutenmuller in Bulletin Am. ]\Ius. Nat.
Hist., Vol. XXIII, p. 47, and Bull. Br. Ent. Soc, IX, pi. 5, fig. 10.
It has been found at Evanston, 111., and Toronto, Can., on species of
Rosa. The gall flies were reared in ^lay, 1S70. — Wm. T. Davis.

Jouni. X. Y. Eiit. Soc.

Vol. XX VI. PI. I V.

Camp near Ramsex , N.J.

Startino; a Fire at Terrace Pond, N. J,

Cliarlcs E. Sleioht.

XH K

NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Organized June 29, 1892. — Incoiporated June 7, 1893.

The meetings of the Society are held on the first and third Tuesday of each month
(except June, July, August and September) at 8 p. M., in the American Museum of
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Annual dues for Active Members, $3.00.

Members of the Society will please remit their annual dues, payable in January, to
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Officers for the Year 1918.

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Stcretary, CHAS. W. LENG 33 Murray St., New York.

rr/'<Tj«r^r, WM. T. DAVIS 146 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighton,

Staten Island, N. Y.

Lihraria*i^Y^S.^\^ E. WATSON American INIuseum of Natural History^

New York.

Curnfor, A J. MUTCIILER. . . American Museum of Natural History, New York.

EXFXUriVE COMMITTEE

R P. Dow, Geo. P. ENGF.LHARnx, H. B Wiiss.

E. Shoemaker. H. N(rr\i.\N.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE

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>v

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Vol.. XXVI.

J OURN AL

OF THE

NEW YORK

Entomological Society

2)evote^ to JEntomoloQp in (Beneral.

JUNE, 1918.

Edited by CH.\RLES SCHAEFFER

PubUcation Coiinniitfe.
W. P. COMSTOCK. Chaklks Schaeffer.

W K.LuTZ. John' D. Sherman. Ji;.

F^iablistied. Quarterly t>y thie Society.
LANCASTER, PA. NEW YORK CITY.

[Entered April 21, 1904,31 Lancaster, Pi

I918.

econd-class

■Act ot Congress of July iC, 1894.]

THE NEW ERA PRINT

CONTENTS

Concerning Lygaeidae. — No. 2. By H. G. Barber 49

New Species of Tipuline Crane-flies from Eastern Asia.

By Charles P. Alexander 66
A Review of the Genus Buprestis in North America.

By Alan S. Nicolay and Harry B. Weiss 75

Miscellaneous Notes no

Book Notice 112

Proceedings of the New York Entomological Society 113

JOURNAL

OF THE

Jlf\a 39orh ^nl-oraoIogirHl JSoriptg.

Vol. XXVI. JUNE, 1918. No. 2

CONCERNING LYG^ID^.— NO. 2.

By H. G. Barber, > i i^ 191'

RosELLE Park, N. J.

Kolenetrus new genus.

Shining. Punctures set with fine incumbent hairs. Head lightly
transverse ; across eyes, which almost touch margin of pronotum,
wider than anterior margin of pronotum, subequal to anterior rounded
submargin ; coarsely and closely punctate. Antennae very shortly
pilose; first segment rather short, extended but little beyond apex of
tylus; second and third segments subequal. Pronotum a little longer
than wide, strongly constricted transversely just behind middle, lateral
margins gradually rounded back of eyes, the edge of this margin
obtuse, terete; both lobes closely punctate, the central disk of an-
terior lobe more sparsely so ; anterior margin straight, without an
impressed collar; posterior margin lightly concave; humeral area
nodosely elevated. Scutellum much longer than wide, posteriorly
obtusely carinate, punctate elsewhere. Clavus with three regular
rows of punctures. Corium rather closely punctate without the
median vein ; costal margin anteriorly lightly concave. Membrane
never entirely absent. Pleurre coarsely punctate. Posterior margin
of metasternum concave. Incrassate fore femur dissimilar in the
two sexes, male armed with a single stout post-median tooth, female
with two smaller teeth. Fore tibia straight. Hind tibia almost nude,
shortly pilose apically. Posterior tarsus with basal joint only a trifle

49

50 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'o'- ^>^vi.

longer than second and third together. Venter finely and closely
punctate, with a coating of fine incumbent hairs.

Type — Rhyparoclu'omits plenns Distant, Biol. Cent. Amer., p. 216,
pi. XIX, fig. 23, 1882. Central America, Ariz., N. Y. (U. S. N. M.),
Mass., Mt. Washington (Mrs. Slosson's coll.), Georgetown, Conn.
(A. M. N. H.), Huachuca Mts., Ariz, (my coll.).

Because of the character of the lateral margins of the pronotum
this genus should be referred to the tribe Myodochini, closely related
to Ptochiomera Say. It has no affiliation whatever with the other
species listed by American authors in the genus Rliyparochromus; in
fact this genus does not appear to occur within the United States.

Valonetus new genus.

Body, antenn?e and legs strongly pilose, not shining. Head lightly
exserted, a little wider than long, the width across eyes subequal to
anterior submargin of pronotum. Basal segment of antenna shorter
than basal segment of rostrum, well extended beyond apex of tylus.
Bucculse lightly elevated, running to base of head, first segment of
rostrum reaching base of head. Pronotum without any evidence of
a collar anteriorly, obtusely constricted just behind the middle; lateral
margins obtuse, terete ; anterior lobe finely and obscurely punctate,
posterior lobe wider and more coarsely and sparsely punctate. Scu-
tellum equilateral. Clavus deflected to corium, with three regular
rows of punctures. Costal margin of corium convexly arcuated. An-
terior incrassate femur provided with three or four sul)ap:cal teeth
and pilose throughout. Posterior tibia with short pilosity. Posterior
tarsus with basal segment longer than second and third together.

Because of the character of the pronotal margins, position of the
ventral opaque spots of the fourth abdominal segment and the ab-
sence of a collar this genus must be placed close to Ptochiomera in
the tribe Myodochini.

Valonetus pilosus new species.

Color ranging from ferrugineous to pale castaneous ; posterior margin of
pronotum, costal margin of corium, acetabulse, legs, antennae and rostrum
ochraceous. Head triangular; eyes strongly protruding; preocular sides of
head to base of antennae very short, scarcely longer than the postocular space.
Antenna with first segment extended beyond apex of tylus by nearly one-half
its length, this segment subequal to third, which in turn is slightly shorter

June, igiS.l BaRBER : CONCERNING T.YG.EID.'T:. 51

than second, fourth segment pale castaneous, subequal to second. Posterior
lobe of pronotum sometimes a little paler, more coarsely and sparsely punctate
than anterior lobe. Scutellum sparsely punctate and apically carinate. Clavus
with three regular rows of punctures. Commissure about one-half the length
of the scutellum. Corium unicolorous, sparsely punctate, costal margin very
lightly expanded and convexly rounded. Membrane decolorous, reaching apex
of abdomen. Length 3 mm.

Type — ^ ? U. S. N. ^T. labelled Tex.; Paratypes — 2 specimens
from Texas and one labelled Lavaca Co., Tex (U. S. N. M.). The
genital segment is so firmly glued to the point that it is impossible to
determine the sex of the type. This species resembles a very small
pale Pcrigcncs.

Genus Esuris Stal.
Stal placed this genus, based upon his E. tcrgina from Brazil, in
the tribe Leth^aria. I have carefully examined numerous specimens
of my E. castanea from Arizona and two specimens of the new species
described below and can find but two widely separated glandular
opaque spots on the side of the fourth ventral segment, placed in
reference to each other exactly as they are in the other genera of the
Myodochini. I would therefore transfer this genus not only because
of the position of the opaque spots but furthermore because the
obtuse, terete character of the lateral margins of the pronotum
would serve to place this genus among its natural relatives close to
Ptochiomera in the tribe Myodochini. Furthermore in diagnosting
the characters of this genus Stal depended upon the brachypterous
character of the hemielytra and the fact that the clavus was connate
with the corium. These characters will not serve except for differ-
entiating the brachypterous forms as I have recently discovered in
my collection two macropterous females of E. castanea in which the
clavus is distinct from the corium and the membrane fully developed.
I have recently seen a specimen of E. castanea Barb, from Ft. Collins,.
Colorado, in the collection of Dr. E. D. Ball.

Esuris fulgidus new species.

Dark brown or piceous, very shining; second and third segments of
antenna;, rostrum, apices of femur, tibia and tarsus ochraceous. Head tri-
angular, a little wider than long, across eyes as wide as across anterior sub-
margin of pronotum, finely punctate. Antennse finely pilose, basal segment
piceous, short, scarcely exceeding tylus, shorter than basal segment of rostrum,

52 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xxvi.

second segment one-third longer than third, fourth segment pale castaneous,
nearly as long as second. Rostrum with basal segment reaching base of head,
second segment considerably longer, a little longer than third segment.
Pronotum a little longer than wide, parallel sided, very lightly constricted near
posterior margin, disk of anterior lobe impunctate, posterior margin straight.
Scutellum wider than long, very finely punctate and not carinate. Clavus
connate with the corium, level with it and with four rows of punctures paral-
leling the scutellum. Corium finely and sparsely punctate, its oblique, trun-
cated apical margin reaching to the fourth abdominal incisure. Membrane
entirely wanting. Beneath concolorous with dorsal parts. The incrassate fore
femur with two or three minute median teeth. Anterior tibia lightly cur^'ed.
Length J 2 mm.

Described from 5 Catal. Sprgs., Ariz., July 4, E. A. Schwarz
(Type U. S. N. A1.), and $ Salton, Calif., H. G. Hubbard Collector
(Paratype— U. S. N. M.).

Ozophora ampliatus new species.

Very closely related to Ozophora nnicolor Uhl. Pale castaneous; lateral
expanded margins of corium stramineous; lateral margins of pronotum, an-
tennae except apex of second and third and all of the terminal segment, ros-
trum and legs, ochraceous.

Head impunctate ; diameter of vertex between eyes about three times as
■wide as eye itself; ocelli placed closer to the eyes than to the middle point of
vertex ; viewed from the side, the eyes only slightly higher than wide, not con-
spicuously emarginate behind. Preocular sides of head to tip of antenniferous
tubercles about one half the length of eye, longer than post-ocular space, not
contracted back of eyes. Buccula; meeting on an imaginary line drawn across
just back of the anterior margin of eyes. Antennre nude, apices of second
and third and all of terminal segment embrowned, not pale ringed ; second
•segment very long, almost twice as long as basal, third one-third shorter,
fourth a little shorter than third. Rostrum reaching the intermediate coxse,
basal segment reaching base of head, subequal to basal segment of antenna, a
little shorter than second, the latter one-third longer than third segment.
Pronotum broad, similar to O. nnicolor, with a series of punctures behind the
depressed anterior margin and within the widely reflexed paler lateral mar-
gins ; posterior lobe rather closely punctate more depressed than the anterior
lobe, the disk of which is impunctate ; posterior lobe sometimes slightly paler.
Scutellum with the central disk punctate and depressed, posterior to which
obtusely carinate ; apex not conspicuously paler. Clavus wide, provided with
numerous punctures not arranged in regular rows. Pale costal margin of
corium rather widely expanded and reflexed, its edge not concavely arcuated.
Membrane uniformly embrowned. Legs pale ; apical half of anterior femur
armed with four equidistant, sharp spines. Hind tibia provided with rigid
bristles. Posterior tarsus with basal segment twice as long as second and
third together. Length 8.5 mm. Width of pronotum 3 mm.

June, igiS.] BaRBER : CONCERNING LyG-EID-E. 53

Type — ^ "Arizona" (Coll. U. S. N. M.) ; Paratypes — one speci-
men in collection Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia and one J (my coll.)
both collected by Dr. Henry Skinner in Carr Canyon, Huachuca
Mts., Arizona.

This species is generally paler than O. unicolor Uhler with the
terminal segment of the antenna not pale ringed at base. In Uhler's
species the width of the vertex of head is not more than twice that
of eye, the ocelli are placed almost midway between eyes and central
point of vertex, the eye viewed from the side is almost twice as
high as wide and plainly emarginate behind, and the head more
strongly contracted behind the eyes.

Apparently Mr. Distant was unfamiliar with the genus Ozophora
as he made no mention of it in the Biologia Centrali-Americana and
erected two genera synonymous to it. Uhler properly placed Dis-
tant's Davila as a synonym of Osophora and it appears probable,
judging from the characters and illustration, that BaJboa will also
have to be referred to the above genus.

Stygnocoris rusticus Fall, and pedestris Fall.

The former of these two species has been recorded from North
America by Horvath, 1908. and from Oueliec by Van Duzee in his
recent Catalogue. In the collection of the U. S. N. M. is a specimen
from St. Johns, Quebec, and recently I have received a specimen from
Prof. H. M. Parshley taken at Truro. Nova Scotia. This species
has not yet been found within the United States but it should occur
in the mountainous parts of New England and New York.

Still another European species, S. pedestris Fall., which has not
hitherto been reported from this continent must be added to our
fauna. I am indebted to Prof. Parshley for a specimen of this species
from Truro, N. S., and to Mr. Wm. T. Davis for one from Cape
Breton, N. S. Unlike the former species this has been found to occur
in the fauna of the United States as Prof. Carl J. Drake has taken
three specimens of it at Cranberry Lake, Adirondack Mts., N. Y.,
Aug., 1917, and four specimens at Elka Park, Catskill Mts., N. Y.,
Aug., 1917. This is a smaller paler brown, subshining species, with
the pronotum less closely punctate and quite pilose;' the lateral
margins of this part are lightly carinate. The legs are testaceous.

54 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxvi.

Acompus rufipes Wolff.

This is another palsearctic species which must be added to our
list of North American species as in the U. S. N. M. ; from the col-
lection of P. R. Uhler are two specimens, one labelled " Victoria "
[Vancouver Is.] and the other " N. R. R." which probably refers to
Northern Pacific or Canadian Pacific of Brit. Col. This species
is likely to be confused with Stygiiocoris pcdcstris, which it resembles
in general appearance. The eyes are however more protruding, the
lateral edge of the pronotum is more evidently carinate or lightly ex-
panded and the whole surface of both lobes of this part and the head
closely punctate and not at all pilose.

Genus Rhyparochromus Curt.

This genus as diagnosed by various European authors and typified
by R. chiragra Fab. does not appear to occur upon this continent.
Yet owing to the diverse interpretation put upon the diagnostic char-
acters of Curtis, this genus has been a sort of dumping ground for
numerous species of American hemiptera at one time or another.
It becomes necessary then to break up this assemblage of species
which has been placed under this genus and assign them to their
true affinities. Rhyparochronuis soldaliciiis Uhl. (not soldalicus, Van
Duzee) and angustatus Van D. will have to be transferred to the
Tribe Beosini and affiliated with Trapezonotiis rufipes Stal to form
a new genus. This gives an assemblage of species falling in a natural
group closely related to but structurally distinct from the true Trqpe-
zonotus which must be retained to include such forms as T. arenarhis
Linn, and caUginosus Dist. For this new genus I have adopted the
name Malc::onotus of which Malczonotus ( Trapcaonoliis) rufipes
Stal must be the type.

Malezonotus new genus.
Not pilose. Head transverse, across eyes as wide as anterior
margin of pronotum; antenniferous tubercles, seen from the side,
strongly oblique. First segment of antenna short, stout, barely ex-
ceeding tylus. First segment of rostrum reaching base of head,
second segment distinctly longer than third. Pronotum transverse,
dull black, unicolorous except most often the lateral explanate margins
and sometimes the posterior margin, scarcely or very indistinctly

June, igiS.] BaRBER : CONCERNING LVG.^ilD.E. 55

separated into two lobes, the anterior one impunctate and the posterior
one either impunctate or very finely and obsoletely so; lateral margins
evenly expanded throughout, most commonly pale and always im-
punctate, subparallel or very gently converging anteriorly, very
lightly or not at all sinuate behind the middle ; anterior margin nearly
straight; posterior margin strongly sinuate before the scutellum, this
margin sometimes more or less pale. Scutellum black, unicolorous,
flat, longer than wide, not at all or very finely punctate. Corium
pale, more or less suffused with fuscous and finely punctate. Clavus
with three irregular rows of punctures. Costal margins expanded,
subparallel to each other or very gently rounded. Fore femur in-
crassate, armed with two or three teeth lietween middle and apex, one
of which is frequently larger. Fore tibia nearly straight in both
sexes. Hind tibia with short rigid bristles. Posterior tarsus with
basal segment very much longer than second and third together but
not twice as long.

Type Trape^onotus riifipes Stal. Here also should be placed
Rhyparochromus soldalicnis Uhl. and R. angustatus Van D. and a new
species from Lakehurst, N. J., described below.

From Rhyparochromus Curtis (type chiragra Fab.) this genus
differs as follows : not pilose, pronotum transverse, lateral margins
more nearly parallel and the edge more evenly expanded, both lobes
either impunctate or the posterior one must delicately punctate, fore
femur not so incrassate and without the very prominent single tooth,
rostrum with second segment longer than third, fore tibia nearly
straight, posterior tarsus with basal segment not twice as long as
second and third segments together.

From Trapesonotus Fieb. (type agresfis FaW. ^ arenarins Linn.)
this genus difl'ers as follows : both lobes of the pronotum concolorous,
at most with only the posterior margin pale, lateral margins more
nearly parallel, posterior lobe not so coarsely punctate, the fore
femora are differently armed, and the anterior tibia more nearly
straight.

I have examined twelve specimens of Uhler's R. soldalichis from
Oregon, Nevada and California. I have recently received a single
specimen taken near the Agricultural College Station, Miss., and two
others collected by W. L. McAtee at Dyke, Va., which, except for the
more infuscated antenna, I cannot differentiate from Uhler's species.

56 Journal New York Entomological Society. [\'o1. xxvi.

Prof. John B. Smith in his List of Insects of New Jersey inckided
on my authority T. rufipcs from Lakehurst, N. J. But after a care-
ful comparison of these Lakehurst specimens with authentic speci-
mens of rufipes from Texas in the U. S. N. M., I am convinced that
these will have to be placed as a new species.

Malezonotus fuscosus new species.

Head, pronotum, scutellum and beneath dull black ; apex of third segment
and all of fourth segment of antennae, all of hemielytra except outer anterior
margins and membrane, piceous ; remainder of antenna, rostrum, acetabulae
and legs rufo-testaceous. Head, as usual, transverse, embedded to the eyes,
a little narrower across the eyes than across anterior submargin of the pro-
notum, finely punctate in front. Antenna finely pilose, basal segment short,
exceeding tylus by one-third its length, about one-third the length of second
segment, which is one-third longer than third segment, fourth segment one-
fourth longer than second segment. Pronotum, as usual, transverse, with a
sparse covering of whitish incumbent hairs ; lateral margins pale, not sinuate,
subparallel to a short distance behind eyes, where they are suddenly rounded ;
anterior lobe impunctate, posterior lobe very finely punctate and transversely
lightly furrowed just before posterior margin, this margin strongly concave
and concolorous. Scutellum closely and finely punctate. Clavus piceous with
three somewhat confused rows of punctures. Corium finely punctate, costal
edge expanded for the anterior two-thirds, this and area within to subcostal
nervure, pale. Membrane abbreviated in brachypterous forms, reaching apex
of fifth abdominal segment, entirely piceous. Fore femur provided with a
single short post-median tooth, sometimes preceded by a minute tooth. Hind
tibia armed with short bristles. Venter very finely punctate. In macropterous
individuals the membrane attains apex of abdomen. Length (^ 3.5 mm.

Described from eleven J^'s and five J's (all brachypterous) from
Lakehurst, N. J., April 2, 1916, collected by sifting the leaves under
huckleberry bushes and a single macropterous (Paratype) Smith's
Pt., Fire Island Beach. N. Y., VII, 19, 191 5, in washup (Coll. of J.
R. de la Torre-Bueno). Type ^ in my collection.

This species is closely related to 71/. rufipes Stal. Besides being
generally smaller it differs in that the pronotum is posteriorly trans-
versely wrinkled or furrowed, the hemielytra except outwardly and
the membrane entirely infuscated or piceous. M. angustatus Van D.
differs from the other species of the genus in having the head less
transverse, the lateral narrowly expanded edge of pronotum not
pale and the hemielytra differently colored. This species is usually
brachypterous. I have only seen a single marcopterous male labeled

June, i9i8.] BaRHER : CONCERNING LyG.EID.E. 57

" Cal." in the collection of the U. S. N. M. One of the ms. names
of Uhler for soldalicius was ocnlatus as a specimen of that species
from Ornisby Co., Nevada (collection of C. F. Baker), bears a label
to that effect.

Trapezonotus derivatus new species.

Very closely related to and similarly colored as Trapeconotus caliginosus
Dist. but uniformly larger and the shape relatively more elongated. The
head is less transverse ; antennae more pilose, pronotum relatively longer ;
disk of anterior lobe finely and sparsely punctate with the sides not profusely
punctate ; lateral margins of pronotum a little more widely expanded ; these
margins anteriorly straighter and converging more gradually, not being so
abruptly rounded back of eyes, the diameter of the submargin just back of
eyes only a little wider than head across eyes. This species will average
6-6.5 mm-

Described from four J^'s and thirteen ^"s. (Type J my collec-
tion.) Huachuca Mts., Ariz. — collected among dead leaves and one
5 from Ft. Grant. Ariz.— H. G. Hubbard collector, in the U. S. N.
M. Both of the above species are closely related to the European T.
uUricJii Fieb. T. caliginosus Dist. also occurs in the Huachuca Mts.,
Ariz., where I took seven specimens in similar situations to the above
species. As indicated by Distant it varies considerably in coloration
of legs and antenna? as does T. dcrii'atiis.

Trapezonotus diversus new species.

Head, anterior lobe of pronotum, scutellum and beneath, black; narrow
anterior and lateral margins and posterior lobe of the pronotum, hemielytra
anteriorly, narrow anterior margin of pronotum, posterior angle of meta-
sternum and acetabulae, ochraceous ; antennae with three basal segments, ros-
trum and legs, ferrugineous ; apex of second and third segments and all of
fourth segment of antenna, sub-apex of posterior femur, piceous. Apical part
of corium and membrane embrowned.

Head transverse, across eyes as wide as anterior sub-margin of pronotum
just back of eyes, finely punctate and provided with a rather dense coating
of incumbent whitish hairs ; antenniferous tubercles visible from above.
Antenna rather slender, finely pilose; basal segment short, exceeding apex of
tylus by about one-third its length, second segment one-third longer than
third, fourth segment about one-fourth shorter than second. Rostrum reach-
ing between middle coxae, second segment a little longer than third. Pronotum
provided with a fine coating of incumbent tawny hairs; lateral expanded pale
margins straight, gradually converging anteriorly, gently rounded back of
eyes; posterior lobe profusely punctate with fuscous; posterior margin strongly

58 Journal New York Entomological Society, [^'o'- >^xvi-

sinuate. Scutellum elongate, finely and sparsely punctate, with incumbent
tawny hairs. Clavus with three irregular rows of punctures, middle row
abbreviated. Corium rather closely punctate with fuscous and clothed with
incumbent tawny hairs ; costal margins anteriorly pale and impunctate ; outer
lateral margins gently rounded. Membrane unicolorous, extended about to
apex of abdomen in macropterous form. Incrassate fore femur, along the outer
three-fourths, armed with five or six short teeth tipped with setae, between
which are several most minute teeth or serrations. Anterior tibia strongly
curved and expanded apically, there armed with a short tooth inwardly. Pos-
terior tibia with two rows of short setose bristles. Posterior tarsus with
basal segment only a trifle longer than second and third segments together.
Venter finely and closely punctate and clothed with incumbent whitish hairs.
Length ^ 4 mm.

Type J*, Los Angeles Co., California, from the Coquillett collec-
tion in the U. S. N. M.

This is a small species rather closely related to T. arcnarhis Linn.,
from which it differs in being more narrow, in its clothing of fine
incumbent hairs, more slender antennae, with relatively shorter apical
segment, punctate head and relatively shorter basal segment of the
posterior tarsus. T. arenarms introduced from Europe is confined
to the mountainous parts of N. E. United States and Canada. The
following records for this species may be of interest: Hampton, N. H.
(collection of Nathan Banks), Casco Bay, Me., and Claremont, N. H.
(collected by G. P. Engelhardt), Top of Whiteface Mt., Adirondack
Mts., N. Y. (collected by Wm. T. Davis). The antenna and legs
vary in coloration as in the other species from ferrugineous to
piceous.

Sphragisticus simulatus new species.

Head, anterior lobe of pronotum, scutellum, fourth segment and some-
times apex of second and third segments of antenna and beneath black ;
lateral margins and posterior lobe of pronotum, hemielytra, acetabulae and
narrow posterior margin of metasternum, ochraceous ; first three segments of
antenna, rostrum and legs, ferrugineous ; posterior lobe of pronotum and
hemielytra profusely punctate with fuscous.

Head transverse, across eyes a little narrower than anterior margin of
pronotum, impunctate at base, finely punctate in front. Antennae setose ;
basal segment short, little exceeding the apex of tylus, second segment one-
third longer than third, fourth segment a triflie longer than second. Pronotum,
with disk of black anterior lobe impunctate, finely punctate in front ; pale pos-
terior lobe punctate with fuscous ; lateral expanded pale margins provided
with a single row of punctures fitted with setose hairs some twelve in number,

June, igiS.] BaRBER : CONCERNING LyG.EID.E. 59

these margins almost straight and slightly converging anteriorly to just behind
the eyes where they are abruptly rounded ; anterior margin almost straight ;
posterior margin strongly arcuated before scutellum. Scutellum elongate,
unicolorous, black, not bivittate with pale, finely punctate on the disk in front
and along the margins. Clavus with about four rows of fuscous punctures,
the inner rows somewhat abbreviated and confused. The corium rather pro-
fusely punctate with fuscous; the costal margin very narrowly expanded and
anteriorly impunctate. Membrane embrowned. Rostrum with basal segment
reaching base of head, second segment one-third longer than third. Incras-
sate fore femur armed with several irregular teeth along the outer two-thirds ;
all of femur sometimes more or less piceous. Anterior tibia gently curved.
Hind tibia provided inwardly and outwardly with a row of short oblique
bristles and with a row of longer setae. Hind tarsus with basal segment a little
longer than second and third together. Length 4 mm.

Described from three examples J* Las Vegas Hot Springs, N. M.
(type), ^ Taos Valley, N. ^L. and $ labelled N. Mex. (Coolidge),
all from the collection of the U. S. N. ]M.

This species is smaller than 6". nebulosns Fall, the only other
member of the gentis in our fauna. The scutellum is not, as in
nebulosus, bivittate with pale, the lateral margins of the pronotum
less widely expanded and provided with a greater number of setiger-
ous punctures, the hind tibia have a number of long setae besides the
rigid bristles.

Cligenes delineata Dist.

No member of this genus has hitherto been reported from the
United States. However, in the collection of the U. S. N. M. are
four specimens of the above species from Los Angeles and one from
Palm Springs, California, and another labelled Texas, Belfrage. One
of these bears on the label the ms. name Beosus (?) modestns Uhler.
Distant placed this species in the genus Salacia Stal, but as shown
by Bergroth (Ann. Soc: Entomol. Belg., 153, 1913) this name is pre-
occupied and must give way to Cligenes Dist. In this same paper
the author gives the synonymy of the closely related genus — Antil-
locoris Kirk.

These two genera containing our smallest Lygseids are readily
separated by the fact that Cligenes is commonly somewhat shining,
not at all or very sparsely pilose; the two lobes of the pronotum
plainly separated by an obtuse transverse constriction, the anterior
lobe being impunctate ; the anterior femur more obviously incras-

60 Journal New York Entomological Society. [\'oI. xxvi.

sate and armed with fine teeth; the first segment of the antenna is
longer than the basal segment of the rostrum. Both genera belong
to the Rhyparochromini.

Peritrechus saskatchewanensis new species.

Head, anterior lobe of pronotum, scutellum and beneath, dull black;
antennae, basal segment of rostrum, legs except apices of femora, middle por-
tion of tibia and basal segment of tarsus, piceous ; narrow anterior and lateral
margins and posterior lobe of pronotum, two spots on scutellum, hemielytra,
narrow anterior and posterior margins of prosternum, posterior margin of
metasternum and acetabulse, ochraceous ; second and third segments of ros-
trum, knees of femora, middle part of tibiae and basal segment of tarsi
testaceous.

Head transverse, across eyes as wide as anterior margin of pronotum.
Antennje finely pilose, first segment short, barely exceeding apex of tylus,
second segment one-third longer than third, fourth segment almost equal to
second. Rostrum with basal segment reaching base of head, second segment
only slightly longer than third. Pronotum very transverse, almost twice as
wide as long, black impunctate anterior lobe about equal to the length of pale
posterior lobe, the latter punctate with fuscous ; anterior margin very lightly
arcuate, almost straight ; lateral edge carinate, these marginj almost straight
and converging gradually, abruptly rounded back of eyes. Scutellum longer
than wide, fasciate with ochraceous on either side, behind middle, finely and
sparsely punctate on the disk, coarsely punctate on either side of the apical
portion. Clavus with four irregular series of fuscous punctures, the two
inner series confused and abbreviated. Corium except for central discal spot
and costal margin anteriorly rather closely and evenly punctate on a pale
ochraceous background. Membrane reaching apex of abdomen, pale, mottled
with fuscous towards base. Fore femur with a short median tooth, another
larger one midway between this and apex, followed by two or three smaller
teeth towards apex. Anterior tibia gently curved. Posterior tibia with two
rows of short setose bristles, especially towards apex. Posterior tarsus with
basal segment almost equal to second and third together. Venter very finely
and closely punctate and clothed with fine incumbent hairs. Length 5 5 rnm

Type 5 Oxbow, Sackatchewan (coll. by F. Knab). Paratype 5'
Los Angeles Co., Cal. (coll. by Coquillet), both in the collection of
the U. S. N. M.

In the paratype the second and third segments of the antennae
are only black at apex. This species differs from the three other
described species in being broader in proportion to length. Further
differences are found in the more widely carinate lateral margins of
the pronotum which are pale, the edge not at all sinuate ; the prono-

June, ipis.] Barber: Concerning Lyg.eid.^. 61

turn is more transverse, the anterior submargin being wider in
diameter than the width of head across eyes; first segment of an-
tenna shorter, barely exceeding tykis and less than half the length of
basal segment of rostrum.

Aphanus umbrosus and illuminatus Dist.

Dr. Horvath was undoubtedly correct in suggesting (Ann. Mus.
Nat. Hungar., 561-562, 1908) that Distant's pale legged var. illumi-
natus was a distinct species from his more common widely distributed,
all black form — umbrosus. While the latter species is pretty gen-
erally distributed over the entire United States except possibly the
extreme northern areas, the former seems to be confined to the ex-
treme southern part of the country. I have examined a male of this
in the collection of the U. S. N. M. from Buck Key, Fla. (G. Brainard
collector). It differs from umbrosus as follows: the lateral edge of
the pron'otum more sharply impressed, the posterior lobe and the an-
terior lobe of the pronotum except the central disk more closely and
coarsely punctate, first and apical part of second segment of antenna
(third and fourth broken off), rostrum and legs, ochraceous. Uhler
commonly referred to Aphanus umbrosus as Microtonia carbonaria
Rossi which is a synonym of airata Goeze.

It is just as well to leave these in the genus Aphanus as placed by
Horvath in the above named paper, but there is some question in my
own mind but what Distant was correct in making these the bases
for a new genus (Dorochosa) which, because of its preoccupation,
was later changed to Delochilocoris by Dr. Bergroth.

Microtoma atrata Goeze.

I have omitted the above from my key to the Rhyparochromini
and I include it in our fauna with some doubt as I have only seen
one specimen of it in Uhler's collection (U. S. N. M.). But if
Uhler's locality datum is correct this species should be accredited to
the United States, for this single male specimen of this species is
plainly labelled R. I., undoubtedly meaning Rhode Island. I have
carefully compared this with European specimens in my own col-
lection and there is no question of its identity. We cannot altogether
trust Uhler's published records for this species as we know that he
applied the above name or M. carbonaria Rossi to American speci-
mens of A. umbrosus Dist., a much smaller species.

62 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

Valtissius new genus.

Shining. Pronotum and hemielytra sparsely pilose. Head tri-
angular, scarcely transverse, width across eyes almost subequal to
width of anterior margin of pronotum. Eyes touching pronotum.
Antennae shortly pilose, set close to eyes, first segment rather long,
only a little shorter than third, apical third exceeding apex of tylus,
third and fourth subequal. Rostrum reaching posterior coxse, basal
segment reaching base of head, subequal to basal segment of an-
tennae, second segment longer than third. Pronotum very short and
transverse, without semblance of a collar in front, almost twice as
wide as long and subequal to length of scutellum, scarcely separated
into two lobes, disk of anterior lobe impunctate, posterior lobe sparsely
punctate, anterior and posterior margins straight, two lateral margins
straight, gradually converging anteriorly, the edge acute, beneath
on the propleura with this edge longitudinally, linearly impressed.
Scutellum a little longer than wide. Clavus with three regular rows
of punctures. Commissure much shorter than the scutellum. Corium
rather closely punctate. Moderately incrassate fore femur pro-
vided with a few very minute teeth and several long setse. Hind
tibia with a few fine setose bristles. Basal segment of posterior
tarsus much longer than second and third together.

Type — Pctissius dn'crsiis Distant, Biol. Cent. Amer. Heteropt.,
I, 407, Pit. 35, fig. 22, 1893.

This genus having quite different characters than those detailed
by Distant for his Pctissius assitiiilaiidus, it becomes necessary to
erect a new genus to receive P. difcrsits which as the only repre-
sentative so far known, becomes the type. Because of the position
of the glandular opaque spots of the fourth ventral abdominal segment
this genus should be placed in the Lethaeini. Distant recorded this
species from Panama and Guatemala, Van Duzee lists it for Florida
and Texas. I have a specimen from Brazos Co., Texas, presented
to me by Mr. Nathan Banks. In the U. S. N. ]\I. is a specimen from
Victoria, Texas, and another from IMilwaukee Co., Mich., which
carries its range far to the north.

Cryphula Stal (= Trapezus Dist.).
Distant apparently did not recognize this genus at the time he
erected Trapc::us, which is entirely synonymous with the above genus

June, I9i8.] BaRBER : CONCERNING LyG.EID^. 63

of Stal. Not only that, but Distant's T. trimacidatiis is undoubtedly
our common Crypliiila parallclograiiima Stal. Cryphnla (Trapcziis)
opicafus described by Distant from Mexico and Guatemala, occurs in
the southwestern United States, with the following records : San
Diego, Calif., Santa Rita Mts., Ariz., and Ft. Grant, Ariz. (U. S. Nat.
Mus.) ; Huachuca INIts., Ariz., July 20, 1905 — 20 specimens taken by
sifting dead leaves in the cafions (my coll.). This is very closely
related to C. parallelogrmnma but besides the differently marked
scutellum, the antennae are shorter, more slender and generally paler.
Like the type it occurs in lioth long and short winged forms.

Cryphula abortiva new species.

General color pale castaneous, darker beneath ; narrow costal margins,
antennae, rostrum, apices of the femora, tibiae and tarsi more ochraceous.
Antennae, whole upper surface and venter, finely pilose. Head nearly as long
as wide, impunctate. Basal segment of antenna exceeding apex of tylus by
one-half its length, second segment longest of all, one-fourth longer than
fourth, third a trifle shorter than fourth. Pronotum, parallel sided, the mar-
gins rather abruptly rounded in front and at this anterior rounded angle pro-
vided with the usual seta common to the other members of the genus, lateral
edge very narrowly carinate, concolorous ; posterior lobe concolorous, finely
and obscurely punctate ; anterior margin straight. Scutellum almost impunc-
tate, concolorous with pronotum, not pale fasciate. Clavus flat, level with the
corium from which it is rather poorly differentiated (brachypterous form),
provided with four irregular series of fine punctures. Corium rather finely
and closely punctate, apex reaching nearly to middle of fifth abdominal seg-
ment. Membrane very much abbreviated, reduced to a mere line along inner
apical margin of corium. Commissure and inner margin of corium nearly of
equal length, forming a straight line with each other, these together nearly
equal to the length of the scutellum. Incrassate fore femur unprovided with
developed teeth, merely with a few tubercles and long setae. Hing tibia pro-
vided with two rows of four long, rigid, oblique bristles each. Posterior tarsus
with basal segment nearly twice as long as second and third together. Length
c? 3-5 mm-

Type — Brachypterous ^ in my collection from Huachuca Mts.,
Ariz., July 20, 1905, where I took it with C. apicafiis sifting among
dead leaves. This species is quite distinct from the other known
species. The upper surface being distinctly pilose and nearly con-
colorous. the scutellum non-fasciate and the membrane almost absent
in the brachypterous form.

64 Journal New York Entomological Society. \-^'°^- xxvi.

Togodolentus new genus.
Dorsal parts dull. Head not transverse, submerged to eyes, across
eyes as wide as anterior margin of pronotum ; preocular sides of head
to base of antennse nearly as long as eye. Bucculas lightly elevated,
meeting in an obtuse angle on a line drawn across middle of eyes.
Rostrum with basal segment extended to base of head, second seg-
ment long, more than one-third longer than third, apex of fourth
segment reaching just past middle coxje. Antennae very long, slender
and nude; first segment long, longer than head, apex of tylus not
reaching middle point of this segment, second segment not twice as
long as basal, third segment about one-fourth shorter than second,
apical segment one-third shorter than third. Pronotum not trans-
verse, rather parallel sided, the lateral edges widely expanded and
reflexed, a little widened between the lobes; anterior lobe subquadrate,
disk obsoletely punctate ; anterior margin lightly concave, submargin
depressed and bounded behind by a series of punctures; posterior lobe
coarsely punctate; posterior margin strongly concave. Scutellum
longer than wide, punctate. Clavus not deflected to corium, widened
posteriorly, rather closely and irregularly punctate. Commissure
nearly as long as scutellum. Corium flattened, closely punctate ; costal
margin lamellary expanded, reflexed, pale. Membrane (in brachyp-
terous forms) aborted, exposing fifth and sixth abdominal segments.
Anterior femur much incrassate, armed with a few well developed
teeth. Anterior tibia nearly straight. Posterior tibia not pilose but
provided with a few fine very short bristles. Posterior tarsus with
the basal segment twice as long as second and third segments together.
Fourth ventral segment of the abdomen laterally provided with but
two anteriorly placed opaque spots, therefore this genus should be
placed in the tribe Lethseini, close to the genus Ercmocoris.

Togodolentus genuinus new species.

Form narrow ovate. Head except apex, anterior lobe of the pronotum,
scutellum, hcmielytra except laterally, apex of the third and all of the fourth
segment of the antennae dull fusco-ferrugineous ; apex of tylus, two basal
segments and basal half of third segment of antennae, rostrum, explanate
lateral margins and posterior lobe of pronotum for the most part, costal mar-
gins of the corium, second and third pairs of legs and anterior tibia, ochra-
ceous. Anterior femora, sub-apex of posterior femora and body beneath,
castaneous ; acetabulffi, posterior margin of pro- and metasternum slightly

June, I9i8.] BaRBER : CONCERNING LyG^ID^E. 65

paler than the venter. Head impunctatc. Antennjc long, basal segment ex-
ceeding the apex of the head by more than half its length, relative lengths of
other segments stated in generic characters. Pronotum longer than wide,
with the anterior lobe subquadrate, disk finely punctate, more plainly punctate
just within the laminate, reflcxcd, pale lateral margins ; with a scries of punc-
tures just within the rather strai.ght anterior margin ; posterior lobe more de-
pressed, closely and coarsely punctate ; posterior margin lightly sinuate. Scu-
tellum punctate with extreme apex pale. Clavus flat, level with the flattened
coriuni and punctate in irregular series. Commissure long, almost as long as
scutellum. Costal margin pale, expanded, and reflexed. Membrane fuscous,
aborted, apical margin scarcely reaching beyond apical angle of the coriinn.
Venter with long seta posteriorly. Anterior femur with a large subapical
tooth, between which and apex are several smaller teeth. Hind tibia with
short bristles. Hind tarsus with basal segment twice as long as second and
third together. Length c? 6.5 nuu.

Type (^ Los Angeles, Co., Cal. ; Paratype 5 same locality (U. S.
N. M.).

This has much the appearance of a pale Ercmocoris but its char-
acters are quite distinct.

Scolopostethus pacificus new species.

Head, except apex of tylus, anterior lobe of pronotum, except lateral
margins, humeral angles and two spots in the middle of the posterior lobe of
pronotum, scutellum and sternum for the most part, dull, piceous-black ; nar-
row anterior margin and posterior lobe of the pronotum for the most part,
corium behind the middle, extreme apex of second, apical three-fourths of
third and all of fourth segment of antenna, anterior and posterior margins
of the prosternum, posterior margin of metasternum, acetabulie and coxae,
f errugineous-brown ; apex of tylus, first segment, basal part of second and
third segments of antenna, rostrum, anterior two-thirds of lateral margins of
pronotum and propleura, anterior part of hemielytra and lateral spot behind
middle, and legs, pale ochraceous. Membrane piceous-brown with a large
white spot on either side. Venter shining, dark-castaneous brown.

Head slightly wider than long, finely punctate ; eyes not quite touching
pronotum, apex of tylus reaching to the middle of basal segment of antenna,
second segment twice as long as first, third about one-third shorter than
second, fourth segment about equal to third. Pronotum a little wider than
long, transversely impressed through the middle, making the two lobes sub-
equal ; disk of anterior lobe impunctate, a series of punctures within the
lateral edge which is only carinate in front, gradually more expanding pos-
teriorly to become widest at the sinus between the two lobes, behind which it
suddenly terminates before the elongate humeral elevation of the posterior
lobe; anterior margin depressed, followed by a series of fine punctures; pos-
terior lobe more closely and coarsely punctate. Scutellum with the central

66 Journal New York Entomological Society, t'^'o'- xxvi.

disk depressed and finely punctate, posteriorly obsoletely carinate. Clavus
with three rows of punctures, the two outer anteriorly converging to form a
single row. A little less than anterior half of corium, ochraceous with fer-
rugineous punctures along veins; more than posterior half of corium em-
browned, sparsely punctate, with a large pale "spot on either side opposite the
apex of the commissure; the entire costal margin rather widely expanded,
lightly refiexed and impunctate. Membrane piceous-brown, with some of the
veins, particularly at base, pale, with a large white spot at the outer basal
angle and another opposite to it at the inner apical angle. Fore femur
armed with a single large post-median tooth, between which and apex is a
row of four or five minute even teeth. Venter shining, provided with a
coating of fine, white, incumbent hairs. Length ^ 3.5 mm., $ 4-5 mm.

Described from 11 J^'s and 3 J's from Palm Springs, Cal. (coll.
by Hubbard) ; 4 J^'s and 4 J's Los Angeles Co., Cal., collected by
Coquillett in the collection of the U. S. N. M. Type a ^ from
Palm Springs, Cal. (U. S. N. INI.). These are all macropterous indi-
viduals. This is the largest member of the genus thus far known to
our fauna. It is most closely related to S. atlanticus Horv., having
much the same general markings and armature of the fore femora.
But besides being larger, the relative length of the antennal segments
is different, the legs and antennce paler, the pronotum relatively
wider, etc.

NEW SPECIES OF TIPULINE CRANE-FLIES FROM
EASTERN ASIA. (TIPULID^, DIPTERA.)

By Charles P. Alexander,
Lawrence, K.-\nsas.

The following new species of crane-flies belonging to the sub-
family Tipulinse have been received from various sources. The
Kamchatka material was collected by Dr. L. Stejneger, the Siberian
specimen by Dr. Dall. The Japanese crane-flies were included in
material sent to me through the kindness of Dr. Akio Nohira, these
latter specimens being in my collection, the other material in the col-
lection of the United States National ]Museum.

I have recently seen a copy of Matsumura's " Thousand Insects
of Japan, addition two, 1916," and the following observations on
svnonvmv should be made :

June, igiS.] ALEXANDER: New CrANE-FlIES FROM AsiA. 67

Nippoiipula Mats. = Tipida L.

A', mihifcra {Co<l.)=T. coqnillctti End.

Platytipiila Mats. = Tipula L.

Yamatotipula Mats. = Tipula L.

Daimiotipnla Mnts. = Pedicia Lat.

Glohericcra Mats. = Erioccra Macq.

Gagamha Mats. = Limnophila Macq. (Eutouia v. d. W.).

G. fakci Mats. = L. (Eutouia) satsuuia (Westvv.).
Formofipula Mats, may be a valid genus, and Togotipida Mats,
may be a valid subgenus of the genus Tipula. Ptychoptcra scutcl-
laris Mats, is homonymous with P. scutcllaris Meig. and. to judge
from the descriptions of the two species, may well be synonymous
with it.

Genus Oropeza Xeedham.
Oropeza satsuma new species.

Male. — Length 11.3 mm.; wing 12.6 mm.
Female. — Length 12.8 mm.; wing 12.7 mm.

Alcoholic :

Frontal prolongation of the head short; palpi brown, the last segment
largely pale. Antennae with the scape light yellow ; flagellum dark brown. Head
brown with a distinct tubercle on vertex.

Mesonotal prsescutum dark brown, the humeral angles paler, more yellow-
ish-brown ; scutum with the lobes almost entirely dark brown. Pleura yellow,
with large brown spots including, also, most of the sternum and the extreme
base of the fore coxze. Legs brown, the coxre, trochanters and base of the
femora more yellow. Halteres pale, knobs darker, the extreme tips pale.
Wings with a distinct brown tinge ; stigma dark brown ; a yellow obliterative
mark before and beyond the stigma ; inner end of cell ist Mn with a similar
obliterative streak.

Abdominal tergites with a smooth basal area and a setiferous apical por-
tion ; segments light yellow with a broad interrupted median brown stripe, on
each segment connected near its anterior end with a transverse bar to form
a T. Sternites with the basal glabrous portion dark brown, the apical por-
tion yellow.

Habitat : Japan.

Holotype, J", Kioto, Japan, July, 1916 (Nohira).

AUotopotype, 5, May, 1916.

This is the first Old World species of the genus to be described.

G8 Journal New York Entomological Society. [N'oI. xxvi.

Genus Tipula Linnasus.
Tipula asio new species.

Male. — length 13.3-14 mm.; wing 17.5 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head rather elongate, yellow, with a narrow
brown dorso-median line; palpi dark brown. Antennae short; four basal seg-
ments yellow, the apical segments of the flagellum blackish basally, the re-
mainder of each segment a little paler; flagellar segments with the basal en-
largement inconspicuous, with about four long verticils that exceed the
segment.

Thoracic prjescutum gray with three broad grayish-brown stripes that are
narrowly margined with darker, the median stripe narrowly bisected ; scutum
with the lobes largely dark gray ; scutellum and postnotum yellow with a nar-
row brown median line. Pleura gray. Halteres pale at the base, the stem
darkened, the knob dark brown, orange at the apex. Legs with the coxje,
trochanters and base of femora yellow ; remainder pf femora yellowish-brown,
the apices dark brown ; tibise brown, the apical half dark brown ; tarsi dark
brown. Wings marbled with gray, brown and subhyaline ; cell C yellowish-
brown ; stigmal area largely dark brown ; a brown spot at the origin of Rs
and another in the end of cell R.^ and the middle of R^; base of cells R and M
brownish ; remainder of the wings grayish with large whitish spots and
blotches; a large blotch extending across the wing near the base; a large spot
near the end of cell M ; other spots at the end of vein ist A, 2d A, end of
cell 1st A and in the anal angle of the wing. Venation : R^ persistent ; petiole
of Ml short, less than cross-vein ;;/ ; cross-vein m-cu obliterated or punctiform.

Habitat : Japan.

Holotype, ^, Shinafio, Japan, Sept. 9, 191 6 (Nohira).

Paratopotype, J", Aug. 9, 191 6.

Tipula tateyamse new species.

Male. — Length 11. 5-12. 2 mm.; wing 14-15. 5 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head dark, gray pruinose ; nasus short; palpi
dark brown. Antennae moderate in length ; first scapal segment dark brown ;
second segment yellowish ; flagellum black. Head brownish-gray, paler gray
along the inner margin of the eye; a more or less distinct median brown mark
on the vertex.

Mcsonotum dull yellowish-gray with three prasscutal stripes, the median
one indistinctly bisected by a pale line ; scutum and postnotum gray ; scu-
tellum testaceous gray. Pleura clear light gray. Halteres pale brown, the
knobs dark brown. Legs with the coxa; dusted with light gray ; trochanters
dull yellow ; femora dull yellow, broadly tipped with dark brown ; tibiae dark
brown, the apices narrowly blackish-brown ; tarsi dark brown. Wings with a
strong reddish-brown suffusion ; cells C and Sc and the base of the wing yel-
low ; stigma small, ill-defined, dark brown ; veins dark brown ; obliterative
streak yellowish, beginning before the stigma, running to about mid-length of
cell M^; a pale suft'usion beyond the stigma.

June, igiS.] ALEXANDER: New CrANE-FlIES FROM AsiA. 69

Abdominal tergites dull yellow, the basal segments brighter, on the ter-
minal segments passing into light gray ; a broad dark brown median stripe
beginning at the base of segment two ; shorter sublateral stripes beginning at
mid-length of segment two ; lateral margins of the tergites broadly pale clay-
color ; stcrnites dark brown, the terminal segments blackish-gray.

Habitat: Japan.

Holot3^pe, J*. Mt. Tateyama, Taj)an, Jtily 3, 1914 (Nohira).

Paratopotype, J*.

Tipula kuzuensis new species.

Male. — Length 19 mm.; wing 21.4 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head rather elongate, dark brown, the nasus
prominent ; palpi dark brown. Antennae rather short ; scape bright yellow ;
flagellum almost unicolorous dark brown, the basal enlargements a little
darker than the remainder of the segment. Head dull gray, the middle of the
vertex indistinctly more brownish.

Pronotum dull yellow, the sides more infuscated. Mesonotum dull light
yellowish-gray, the prjescutum with the four darker grayish-brown stripes
poorly defined; scutum with the lobes grayish-brown; scutellum and post-
notum yellowish-brown. Pleura pale, dull yellowish pollinose. Halteres rather
short, brown. Legs with the coxae pale, yellowish pollinose ; trochanters dull
yellow; femora brownish-yellow, the tips broadly dark brown; tibize similar
but the tips more narrowly darkened ; tarsi with the three basal segments pale
yellowish-brown, the apices darkened ; last two tarsal segments brown. Wings-
heavily suffused with yellow, passing into gray on the caudal and apical cells ;
cells C and Sc and the base of the wing yellowish ; stigma brown, poorly
defined ; obliterative streak very broad, conspicuous, extending well into the
base of cell M^ ; similar pale areas at the base of the wing in cells R and M
and in cells M and Cn at about one-fourth the length of vein Cu ; vein Cu
beyond this last mark broadly but indistinctly suffused with brownish.

Abdominal tergites dull yellowish passing into brown on the terminal
segments ; a blackish sublateral stripe beginning on segment two ; lateral
margins pale, clay-colored; basal sternites yellowish, terminal sternites dark
brown, narrowly and indistinctly ringed caudally with paler; hypopygium dark
brown, the outer pleural appendage pale, whitish.

Habitat : Japan.

Holotype, J*. Kuzu, Province Shinano, Japan, August 4, 1914
(Nohira).

Tipula bubo new species.

Female. — Length 21-23 mm.; wing 19-20.5 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head light brown ; palpi dark brown. An-
tennae bicolorous, the three basal segments uniform yellow, the remaining
segments yellow with the basal swelling dark brown. Head dark gray.

70 Journal New York Entomological Society. C^'o'- xxvi.

Pronotuni yellowish. Mcsonotal prsescutuni dull brownish-yellow, the
usual three stripes gray, the median one broadly divided by a pale line of the
ground-color and confluent with the lateral stripes or nearly so ; pseudo-
sutural fovea very deep and prominent ; scutum obscure brown, the lobes
gray ; scutelluni and postnotum dull brownish-yellow. Pleura pale, very
sparsely whitish pruinose. Halteres light brown. Legs dull brownish-yellow,
the tips of the femora broadly, those of the tibiae narrowly, dark brown ; tarsi
yellowish-brown, the segments tipped with dark brown, the last two segments
uniform brown. Wings with a heavy yellowish-brown to brown pattern ;
costal and subcostal cells more yellow ; remainder of the wings brownish,
more gray in the caudal cells ; white areas as follows : a broad band before the
cord extending from in front of the stigma across the basal half of cell
1st Mo almost to the wing-margin in cell Cmi ; base of cells M-y, Mj, and M3
and the apical half of R^ of this color; a large blotch in the middle of cell M,
extending caudad into cell Cu ; a large blotch in the" base of cell Cii, indis-
tinctly suffusing the base of the anal cells. Venation : tip of R-. strongly per-
sistent.

Abdominal tergites light yellowish-brown with a broad dark brown sub-
lateral band becoming indistinct on the seventh tergite ; lateral margins nar-
rowly and indistinctly yellowish ; sternites brownish-yellow, the caudal mar-
gins narrowly paler and with an indistinct brown subterminal ring. Oviposi-
tor chestnut.

Habitat : Japan.

Holotype, J- Akakitra, Province Echigo, Japan, August 6, 1914
(Nohira).

Paratype, 2' Yoshino, Japan, August 2, 1913 (Nohira).

Tipula aluco new species.

Male. — Length 12.5 mm.; wing 11.5 mm.

Female. — Length 14-18 mm.; wing 13-15. 5 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head and palpi dark brown. Antennae indis-
tinctly bicolorous, the first three segments yellow, the remaining segments of
the flagellum having the basal enlargement dark brown, paler brown apically.
Head dark.

Mesonotal prsescutum grayish with three dark brown stripes, the median
one broadest in front, narrowed behind ; lateral stripes narrow, slightly
curved ; thoracic interspaces with numerous tiny brown dots ; scutum gray,
the lobes with two dark brown marks; scutellum dark; postnotum paler with a
delicate brown median vitta. Pleura light-colored with dark brown areas.
Halteres pale, the knobs dark brown. Legs dark brown, only the trochanters
and the extreme bases of the femora pale yellow. Wings whitish subhyaline
with four brown cross-bands that are darkest anteriorly, becoming paler in the
caudal cells, the first occupying the base of the wing just beyond the arculus ;

June, igiS.] ALEXANDER: NeW CrANE-FlIES FROM AsiA. 71

the second at the origin of the sector, the third along the cord and the last
at the wing-tip; cells C and Sc dark brown. Venation: tip of A', atrophied.
Abdominal tergites in the female with the basal segment dark brown, the
remaining tergites pale cream yellow, each segment with a triangular brown
median mark with the point directed backward ; on segments 3 to 8 the disk
of the tergites gradually darkens until on the terminal segments only the
caudal and lateral margins remain pale; sternites pale with a triton-shaped
brown mark on each segment, the points directed backward ; on segments 6
to 8 darker colored. In the male the abdomen is paler on the three basal seg-
ments, the rest of the organ dark brown, the segments narrowly margined with
paler. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite deeply notched medially, the ad-
jacent lobes obtusely rounded ; ninth pleurite complete, extensive.

Habitat : Japan.

Holotype, J*, Kioto, Japan, Jnly, 1916 (Nohira).

Allotopotype, 5-

Paratopotypes, 2 22-

Tipula strix new species.

Female. — Length 17 mm.; wing 15.4 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head dark brown ; palpi similar, the tip of
the second segment and the third and fourth segments paler. Antennas bicol-
orous ; scape dark brown ; flagellar segments yellow, the base of each segment
darkened, less distinctly on the basal segments. Head dark brown.

Head very deep reddish or liver-colored, darker on the prsescutal inter-
spaces. Halteres pale, the bases of the knobs a little darker. Legs with the
coxae deep liver-red, concolorous with the pleura ; trochanters light yellow ;
femora bright yellow, tipped with black ; on the fore legs the dark tips in-
clude the outer half; on the middle and hind legs only the broad tip is
darkened ; tibiae black, the bases yellowish ; tarsi black. Wings whitish sub-
hyaline, sparsely marked with brown; base of the wings light yellow; veins
dark brown, ist anal slender, yellowish ; cells C and Sc dark brown ; stigma
dark brown ; wing-apex and the outer longitudinal veins narrowly seamed with
dark brown ; dark clouds at the origin of the sector and along the cord and
the outer two-thirds of cell R^ ; somewhat paler clouds in the middle of cells
i?3 and 7?5, the base and middle of cells R, M and Cu; tip of cell M clouded;
gray clouds in the anal cells. Venation: vein R.. persistent; cell ist M-, small,
pentagonal ; cell il/j deeper than its petiole.

Abdomen shiny liver-brown, the genital segment and the ovipositor more
yellowish; ovipositor with the tergal valves acicular, straight, parallel; sternal
valves shorter but higher.

Habitat : Japan.

Holotopye. 5- Tokuhara, Province Shinano, Japan, August 31,
1915 (Nohira).

72 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'°'- xxvi.

Tipula kamchatkensis new species.

Male. — Length 20 mm.; wing 14.5 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head moderately elongated, dark brown, with
a distinct nasus ; palpi dark brown. Antennae long and slender, dark brown ;
the second scalpal and extreme base of the first flagellar segment a little red-
dish ; flagellar segment with the basal swelling from two-fifths to one-third the
length of the segment, with four long verticils ; an additional verticil at about
mid-length of the segment. Head light gray.

Thorax discolored, in the type almost entirely blackish, but in fresh speci-
mens probably gray ; humeral region and the dorso-pleural membrane yellow-
ish. Halteres brown. Legs with the coxae dark colored ; trochanters yellow ;
femora light brown, the tips broadly dark brown ; tibiae and tarsi dark brown.
Wings subhyaline, costal cell not brighter ; stigma large, brown. Venation :
cross-vein ni-cii present, situated near the inner end of cell ist M^-

Basal abdominal segments yellowish, the tergites with a broad black
median line ; tergites four to nine blackish, with the lateral margin broadly
yellowish, the caudal margin narrowly silvery. Sternites similar, the caudal
margin of the segments narrowly silvery, the spatula on segment eight pale.
Hypopygium closely resembling that of T. pribilofensis Alex, and related
species. Ninth tergite ample, the dorsal surface gently convex, caudal margin
evenly and roundly notched, the lateral angles produced into conspicuous
chitinized horns ; a tiny median notch on the caudal margin, and a pale yel-
lowish median line extending the length of the tergite. Ninth pleurite incom-
plete, fused with the sternite ; outer pleural appendage a very long, slender,
cylindrical lobe, that tapers to the blunt apex and is covered with long coarse
hairs, meeting its fellow of the opposite side on the median line; inner pleural
appendage complex, the caudal angle produced into a slender flattened yel-
low blade. Eighth sternite produced medially into a broad, flatttened, pale,
shovel-shaped lobe, the tip with a deep U-shaped notch, which is filled with
fimbriate hairs.

Habitat : Kamchatka.

Holotype, 1^, Kamchatka, No. 1255 (L. Stejneger).

Tipula gynaptera new species.

Female> — Length 16.8 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head moderately elongated, dark gray, the
sides reddish-brown, shiny; nasus lacking; palpi dark brown. Antennae dark
brown throughout, the flagellar segments, short, cylindrical, the third segment
about twice the length of the second. Head gray with a narrow interrupted
brown median line. Eyes very small, not protuberant. A distinct tubercle on
the vertex.

Thoracic praescutum light gray, with three indistinct brown stripes, the
middle one margined with two cinnamon-brown lines that are better indi-
cated behind. Postnotum blackish. Pleura brownish-gray, the dorsal pleural
membranes brown. Halteres short, brown, the knobs distinctly darker. Legs

June, igiS.] ALEXANDER: New CrANE-FlIES FROM AsiA. 73

short and powerful ; cox?e dark gray ; trochanters brown ; femora strongly
incrassated, reddish-brown, the tips dark brown ; tibis brown, the spurs very
long ; tarsi very short, brown. Wings greatly atrophied, short and broad,
about equal in length to the halteres, appressed to the postnotum.

Abdomen reddish with a broad black median stripe on the dorsum that is
almost continuous, lateral stripes less distinct. Ovipositor with the dorsal
basal shield blackened, heaxiiy chitinized ; the dorsal valves of the ovipositor
slender, divergent, reddish horn-colored ; sternal valves short, the tips pointed.

Habitat: Northeastern Siberia.

Holotype, J, Plover Bay, Siberia, July ii, 1899 (Dall). (The
Harriman Alaska Expedition, 1899.)

This species is close to T. zvhifneyi Alex, of the Pribilof Islands,
off the Alaskan coast. This latter species, however, has the eyes
much larger and more protuberant ; the antennae much more elongate,
the third segment especially being much longer; the praescutum is
without distinct stripes, the second antennal segment reddish, etc.

Tipula subcentralis new species.

Male. — Length 20 mm. ; wing 20.5 mm.

Frontal prolongation of the head elongate, pale brown, thinly dusted with
gray; nasus stout; palpi light brown. Antennae with the scalpal segments and
the first flagellar segment light yellow ; remaining segments of the flagellum
with the enlarged base black, the stem yellow, on the apical segments becom-
ing more dusky; flagellar segments rather deeply incised, the enlarged bases
a little shorter than the apical swelling of each segment. Head gray, the
tubercle on the vertex more reddish ; a very narrow median brown line extend-
ing the length of the head.

Mesonotal praescutum light gray, the usual stripes concolorous, narrowly
and somewhat indistinctly margined with brown, the broad median stripe
bisected by a brown line ; thoracic interspaces with a few short setre, set in
black punctures ; pseudosutural foveje large, triangular, pale in color ; scutal
lobes gray; scutellum pale brown, with an indistinct median stripe; post-
notum brownish, thinly dusted with gray. Pleura gray, the dorso-pleural
membrane more yellowish. Halteres pale, the knobs brown. Legs with the
coxae dull brownish-yellow, thinly dusted with a gray pollen ; trochanters yel-
low ; femora yellow, a little darkened at the tip ; tibiae yellowish-brown, tipped
with darker; tarsi brown, the tips of the metatarsi dark brown. Wings with
a brown, gray and whitish pattern, the ground color brown ; a large white
area beyond the stigma; apex of cell 7?^ white; a large irregular blotch before
the cord, extending across the sector and across cell ist M. nearly to the wing
margin; a large white area on cell M and another near the base of the wing;
basal half of anal cells conspicuously whitish. Venation: Rn persistent; Rs
elongate ; petiole of Mi a little longer than m ; m-cu obliterated or punctiform.

Basal abdominal tergites rich yellow, with a broad median brown stripe,
on the fifth to seventh segments expanded to include most of the segments;

74 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^'°^- xxvi.

lateral and caudal margins of the segments narrowly silvery ; an indistinct
brown sublateral line. Basal sternites light brown, the caudal margin silvery,
with an indistinct subterminal median brown spot; sternites five to eight
much darker, purplish-brown, ringed caudally with silver. Alale hypopygium
with the ninth tergite hollowed out into a strongly chitinized saucer, the lat-
eral and posterior margins narrowly raised and blackened (as in centralis
Lw.) ; the caudal margin is concave and roughened into irregular teeth or
denticles ; viewed from the side the margin of the tergite shows two teeth
at the ends of the rim, the innermost acute, directed dorsad and caudad, the
outermost flat, directed caudad. Ninth pleurite complete or nearly so, the
ventral caudal angle produced into flattened plates that bear the inner pleural
appendages in their concavity ; outer pleural appendage flattened, broadly oval.
Ninth sternite profoundly incised by a very narrow notch. Eighth sternite
weakly carinate, unarmed.

Habitat : Kamchatka.

Holotype, J*, Kamchatka (L. Stejneger).

Genus Nepjirotoma IVleigen.
Nephrotoma stejnegeri new species.

Alale.- — Length 17 mm.; wing 14 mm.

Frontal prolongation of head short, shiny yellow; nasus slender. An-
tenna of moderate length, the first segment yellow, the remainder of the
organ dark brown ; flagellar segments slender, the basal swelling equal to
about one-third the length of the segment. Head orange-yellow, on the pos-
terior part of the vertex and on the occiput with a broad brown stripe.

Mesonotal prasscutvim yellow with three broad black stripes, the lateral
pair straight (as in Ittnulicornis, aculeata, etc.), not curved at their anterior
ends, crossing the suture and occupying the anterior parts of the scutal lobes;
another large brownish-black mark on the posterior inner portions of these
lobes ; scutellum brownish-yellow ; postnotum yellow with a narrow, distinct
brown line. Pleura yellow with reddish blotches. Halteres brown. Legs
with the coxae light yellow, the base of the fore coxa reddish ; trochanters
yellow; femora yellowish-brown, the tips narrowly dark brown; tibiae and
tarsi brown. Wings with a very faint brownish-yellow tinge, the costal cell
very indistinctly yellow ; stigma oval, brown ; veins dark brown. Venation :
Rs oblique ; cell Mj petiolate, the petiole about equal to r-m ; m-cu punctiform,
located far before the fork of M. In both wings of the type a nearly or en-
tirely complete cross-vein near the end of cell R^.

Abdominal tergites yellow with a broad blackish-brown median stripe that
is narrowly interrupted at the caudal margin of each segment, on segments
7 to 9 occupying almost the entire segment; extreme lateral margins of the
tergites with an elongate dark brownish mark, on the basal segments with two
such marks, one basal, the other near mid-length of the segment; sternites
dull yellow with a narrow brown median line. Eighth sternite dark brown,
the caudal margin yellowish. Hypopygium with the ninth tergite rather

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 75

small, each half bulging, convex ; a V-shaped median notch ; outer pleural
appendage flattened, elongate, tapering gradually to the apex, the outer face
with numerous hairs of moderate length. Ninth sternite deeply notched.

Habitat: Kamchatka.

Holotype, J*, Kamchatka (L. Stejneger).

A REVIEW OF THE GENUS BUPRESTIS IN NORTH
AMERICA.

By Alan S. Nicolay and Harry B. Weiss.^

New Brunswick, N. J.

The genus Biiprcstis, which contains some of the most beautiful
and rarest beetles of our fauna, was very much neglected by the
early coleopterists. Since Le Conte's revision of the family in 1859,
there was no serious attempt made at classification until 1909, when
Colonel Thomas L. Casey made an exhaustive study of the genus.
The result of this was a multitude of new species, the validity of most
of which may be justly questioned by students who demand at least
one good, constant character. Common and well known species were
split in such a way as to cause one to wonder whether a species was
erected on an evident character or on the geographical limits of a
state. No one will deny that there is considerable variation in all
of these large, brightly colored forms and it has been demonstrated
that the amount of food available to the larva influences the develop-
ment and size of the adult. Mv. W. J. Chamberlin, who has carried
on extensive experiments in the breeding of various buprestids, has
secured from one female of Buprcstis mirulenta, a series of forms
ranging from entirely green to a uniform bronze. Owing to floods,
commerce, etc., infested w^ood is constantly being distributed over the
country. These taken together with the fact that the adults are
strong fliers make it absurd to limit each species to a certain re-
stricted area.

Colonel Casey's work has been of considerable value to students

of the Buprestidje, as it was the first careful treatise of the group

and on account of the many new facts and painstaking descriptions of

the species. On the other hand, we feel that there is no good founda-

1 The arrangement of the authors' names is alphabetical.

76 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

tion for the many new species and sub-species described and have
taken the liberty of placing his forms in synonymy when no good
character could be found to warrant the erection of a species or inter-
polation of a new name.

" The Buprestis of the ancients, as its name signifies in Greek,
was a poisonous insect which being swallowed with grass by grazing
cattle, produced a violent inflammation, and such a degree of swelling
as to cause the cattle to burst" (Harris). Linnaeus applied this name
to the family in spite of the fact that none of its members is poison-
ous and they are rarely if ever taken on grass. The name "burn-
cow" has been applied to them by certain English writers, and the
French named them " richards " on account of the brilliancy and
richness of their colors. The native chieftains in South America
evidently admired the colors of some species of Buprestidse, inasmuch
as the elytra of Etichroma gigantca were used by them as leg orna-
ments, a large number being strung so as to form a circlet (Sharp).

In Europe, some species of wasps are known to store their nests
with Buprestidje. Dufour unearthed in a single field, thirty nests of
Ccrceris bupresticida which were filled with several species of Bu-
prestis^ comprising 400 individuals and none of any other genus
(Packard). In a fascinating account of the habits of Cerccris
bupresticida, Fabre quoting Dufour mentions Buprestis octogutta, B.
tarda, B. bifasciata, B. pruni, B. biguttata, B. inicans. B. flavomac-
idata, B. clirysostigma, B. novcm-maculata as being dug from the
cells of this wasp and states that the cleanliness and freshness of the
beetles which she buries testify that they are seized just as they
emerge from their wooden galleries.

In fossil forms, the family Buprestidce is rich, no less than 28 per
cent, of the Mesozoic beetles found by Heer in Switzerland being
referred to this family (Shaip). In Scudder's "Fossil Insects of
North America," three Tertiary species of Buprestis are mentioned,
Buprestis tertiaria Scudd., B. saxigena Scudd., and B. sepidta Scudd..
from " Nicola River, below main coal seam, British Columbia," all
being represented of course by elytra or fragments of elytra. Scudder
states that all " agree closely together but do not seem to be plainly
referable to any recent American genus, although approaching nearest
Buprestis " and that " they seem to be nearly related also to the

2 Certain species mentioned by Dufour have since been placed in closely
related genera and a few in synonymy.

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BUPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 77

Tertiary species from Sieblos described by Heyden under the name
of B. scnccta." Wickham (Bull. ]Mus. Comp. Zool.. vol. LVIII, no.
11) describes two Miocene species from Florissant, Col., B. fiorissan-
tensis and B. scnddcri.

According to Kerremans, the genus Bnprcstis contains 51 species,
scattered over all of the northern hemisphere. Temperate Europe,
Siberia, and the United States furnish a large number and two species

Fig I. Work of Buprestis upricaiis in long leaf pine wood (reduced).
(After H. E. Burke in U. S. Dept. Agric. Yearbook, 1909.)

Fig. 2. Buprestis apricans larva. A, dorsal view; B, de.xtral view; C,
ventral view. (After H. E. Burke in Bull. 437, U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Ent.)

extend as far south as the equator. In their catalog of " The Coleop-
tera of Europe" (1906), Heyden, Reitter and Weise list 13 species,
6 varieties and 7 aberrations and Wollaston in his " Coleoptera At-
lantidum" lists one species {B. hertheloti) from the Madeiras,
Salvages and Canaries, this being exceedingly rare. Several speci-
mens were taken in spider webs in the remote island of Hierro of
the Canary Group. There is no representative of the genus in Great
Britain.

78 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxvi.

The larvK of the Bupresticte are miners in the tissue of dead,
dying and Hving plants, and on account of the enlarged and flattened
prothoracic segment which is common to one type, they have re-
ceived the names, " flat-headed borers " and " hammer heads." Some
live in decaying wood, while others infest orchard and other trees
and are of economic importance. Their work in general consists of
a "' flattened oval, gradually enlarging, more or less tortuously wind-
ing mine or wormhole. which when completed widens out into an
elongate oval pupal cell. This cell connects with the outer surface
by a short, oval exit hole. The mine has its surface marked by fine,
transverse, crescentic lines and is usually tightly packed with sawdust-
like borings and pellets of woody excrement. The injury may be
entirely in the bark, entirely in the wood, or as is usually the case, in
both bark and wood" (Burke). These mines may completely en-
circle the trunk and when this occurs, the circulation of sap is stopped
and the tree dies. According to Burke, who has added much to our
knowledge of the life history and habits of these insects, the life
history in general is as follows.

Eggs are deposited singly during the spring or summer, in crevices
in the bark or under the bark at the edge of a wound and the larva
mines the inner bark or wood until it reaches maturity, which may
be the following or second fall. It then forms a cell in the bark or
wood in which it pupates and transforms to the adult. The winter is
passed in the larval, pupal or adult stage, and in nearly all cases the
adult emerges the following spring or summer. The beetles usually
feed on the foliage of some plant, sometimes on that of the host,
but often on that of another. After mating and egglaying, death soon
takes place. The beetles are active, fly readily and like to bask in the
sunshine. According to Fletcher, a specimen of B. aurulenta was
found in the act of emerging from its burrow in the wood of a desk
which had stood in the Office of Works at Guildhall for twenty-two
years.

There are two general types of buprestid larvae, one. the hark and
wood borers, "flat-headed borers'" with a long, slender, sub-cylin-
drical body and the other, leaf miners, with the body flattened, rather
oval, deeply notched and gradually tapering to the last segment. Ac-
cording to Burke, both types are distinguished by the following char-
acters. Body composed of thirteen flattened segments. Head small

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeiSS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 79

and more or less retracted into the first segment. Antenn:ie medium
sized, three-jointed; ocelli lacking; labrum large, arched and pro-
truded; mandibles short and strong, usually toothed and rather spoon
shaped; maxillae well developed; maxillary palpi two jointed; labium
well developed arched, protruded; labial palpi minute and unseg-
niented, almost obsolete. First segment with large well developed
plate on both ventral and dorsal surfaces; legs absent, ambulatory
tubercles sometimes present ; cerci absent ; spiracles crescentic, one
large one on either side of the second segment and cnc sma'l one
on either side of each of the fourth to eleventh segments on the
anterior dorso-lateral surface.

The possession of a well developed ambulatory plate on both dorsal
and ventral surfaces of the first segment behind the head is the prin-
cipal distinguishing character of the buprestid larva. Both plates are
alike and the dorsal plate has a central line groove or V. Burke
states that similar plates occur on some eucnemid larvae but that the
markings on the dorsal plate consist of two lateral lines; that cer-
ambycid larvae never have the ventral plate as well developed or
similar to the dorsal one and that cucujid larvre are very flat and
possess well-developed legs. In Burke's table for separating the
genera, the following larval characters of the genus Buprcstis are
given. Larva somewhat flattened, club-like in form; first segment
distinctly larger and broader than following segment ; last segment
without a distinct chitinous fork ; plates of first segment with dis-
tinct chitinous rugosities; rugosities of first segment pointlike; plates
with indefinite margins, markings light, appearing more as grooves
than as definite lines; dorsal plate marked by a short trunked inverted
Y or U. the apex and trunk of which are often faint, rugose area
forming more or less of a hood around the Y ; ventral plate marked
with a median groove that extends from the posterior margin of the
plate two-thirds or three-fourths of the distance to the anterior
margin, not bisecting the plate. Burke also states that the larval
characters strongly indicate that the genus Buprestis should be split
into three genera.

The family Buprestidre is represented in our fauna by eight tribes
— Polyccsfiui. Scliiaopiiii, Thniicopygiiii. CJialcophorini, Chrysoboth-
riiii, Biiprcstiiii, Agrilini and Mastogcnini. The tribe Buprcstini con-
tains those forms having the hind cox?e with plates distinctly dilated

80 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'°'- x.W'i.

near the base, the mesosternum divided so that the sternal cavity is
formed by the meso- and metasternum and the antennal pores inferior
in small pits. The genus Bnprestis may be distinguished by the fol-
lowing characters — mentum pale, membranous in front; mesosternal
suture distinct; posterior lateral metathoracic sclerite uncovered, tri-
angular; prosternal spine obtusely rounded at apex and obtusely
angulated behind the front coxre ; scutellum small ; elytra regularly
striate throughout, moderately narrowed posteriorly, usually marked
with yellow ; medium sized species.

For those forms {adjecta, silicic oJ' is, aiirulenta, striata) having
the pronotum uniformly impressed along the middle, labrum more
chitinous and metallic at its basal part and a complete absence of true
elytral strice, with the substitution of a few longitudinal ribs sepa-
rated by wide and uniformly punctured intervals, Casey erects the
subgenus Cypriacis and for those {decora, salishurycnsis, apricans)
with elytra having no vestige of regular discal costje and but feeble
traces of impressed stride, but in their place a series of large perforate
punctures with the general surface closely, deeply and confusedly but
evenly crihrate with smaller punctures, while the prothorax seldom
has any trace of an impressed line, he has . erected the subgenus
Stereosa. This would divide Buprestis into three groups and ratify
Burke's conclusion arrived at through the study of the larvae.

Burke states that the larvae of Bnprestis proper " have a small
rugose hood around the apex of the V-shaped markings on the dorsal
plate of the first segment and very slight rugose markings along the
groove on the ventral plate " and that in this group, " pupation takes
place in the spring and the beetles emerge soon afterwards." In the
subgenus Cypriacis, "the rugose hood around the apex of the V is
much larger and the rugose area along the ventral marking is broad.
Pupation in this group takes place during the summer and the beetles
remain in the pupal cells until the following spring." In the sub-
genus Sfcrcosa, '" there is no distinct rugose hood around the apex
of the V but almost the entire dorsal plate is rugose, as is also the
ventral plate. Pupation takes place in the summer and the beetles
winter over in the pupal cells."

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BUPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 81

Key to the Species.

I — Prosternum not or weakly and shortly sulcated, anterior tibite of male

internally emarginate and armed with a reflexed tooth at apex 9

Prosternum broadly sulcated, anterior tibiae of both sexes simple 2

2 — Elytra punctate-striate (Subgenus Stereosa Casey) 7

Four or more elytral costse, suture and margin elevated (Subgenus

Cypriacis Casey) 3

3 — Elytral costas flat, punctured 6

Elytral costx convex, ihcir summits polished and not or \ery feebly

punctate 4

4 — Third of the true elytral costa: very short, costie feebly punctate.

sulcicollis Lee.

Third costa long, sutural costa at least inipunctate 5

S — Elytra with four costx, tips of elytra not bidentate, head with median

costa aurulenta Linn.

Elytra with eight costa:, tips of elytra sub-bidentate, head with faint

median sulcus adjecta Lee.

6 — Above, dark, coppery brown striata Fab.

Above with more or less green var. impedita Say

7 — Bright green above 8

Color uniform dull cupreous brown apricans Hbst.

S — Tips of elytra bidentate, form narrow elongate decora Fab.

Tips of elytra not bidentate, form short and stout. . . .salisburyensis Hbst.

9 — First segment of abdomen not sulcated 19

First segment of abdomen sulcated 10

10 — Elytra with distinct spots or vittre 13

Elytra immaculate 11

II — Elytra strongly furrowed, often with a dull shine 12

Elytra not strongly furrowed, polished brassy to greenish.

maculativentris Say

12 — Black, often with a dull shine var. rusticorum Kirby

Elytra and pronotum uniform green to dull green. .. .var. subornata Lee.

13 — Interstices of elytra alternately convex 16

Interstices of elytra flat 14

14 — Elytra each with two vittse more or less confluent and united 15

Elytra with flavous spots or blotches maculipennis Gory

15 — Vittas brick-red or fulvous, never or at most but slightly united.

lineata Fab.
Vittas flavous, generally united except at humerus and apex.

var. davisi n. var.
16 — Abdomen coarsely punctate, yellow markings of elytra interrupted by

striae, interstices of elytra alternately strongly convex 17

Abdomen feebly punctate, yellow markings of elytra usually not inter-
rupted by striae, surface smooth and polished, interstices of elytra
alternately feebly convex laeviventris Lee.

82 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^^^- xxvi.

17 — Sides of thorax sinuate or parallel, often swollen at base 18

Sides of thorax arcuate nuttalli Kirby

18 — Elytral intervals alternately strongly convex, abdomen coarsely punctate.

var. alternans Lee.
Elytral intervals not so strongly convex, abdomen moderately punctate.

var. consularis Gory
19 — Elytra green to violaceous blue or bronzed ; wholly immaculate or marked

with distinct spots or vittc-e 20

Elytra green to violaceous blue, entire surface evenly sprinkled with small

confluent yellow spots COnfluenta Say

20 — Legs metallic or black with metallic lustre 21

Legs wholly or in part pale rufipes Oliv.

21 — Elytra green, bluish, purple or bronzed, immaculate or marked with vari-
able yellow spots 22

Predominating color of elytra fulvous or reddish with suture or a few

spots along suture green viridisuturalis n. sp.

22 — Elytra green or bronzed, immaculate or with yellow markings which are

never touched with orange 23

Elytra purplish, yellow spot just behind middle and subapical one always

touched with orange laterally gibbsi Le C.

23 — Elytra and pronotum uniformly green or bronzed, elytra either immaculate

or with variable yellowish markings 24

Elytra greenish, lateral margins and pronotum always a brilliant cupreous.

connexa Horn
24 — Elytral strias moderately deep, intervals broad, without a glossy shine.

fasciata Fab.
Elytral strire deep, intervals narrow, with a distinct glossy shine.

var. langi Mann.

The following brief descriptions deal only with the essential and
striking- ditTerences and general appearance of the insects and used in
connection with the key, should enable one to locate the species with
some degree of certainty.

Buprestis aurulenta Linne, 67-661.
lauta (Le Conte), 54-17.
radians (Le Conte), 54-17.
villosa (Le Conte), 73-331.
fabulosa Casey, 3 09—120.
aemula Casey, 09-121.
tacomce Casey, 09-121.
mipta Casey, 09-121.
venusta Casey, 09-122.

3 Described from Mexico, specimens collected by Townsend at Chihuahua.

June, 19:8.] NiCOLAY & WeiSS : RuTRESTIS IN NORTII AMERICA. 83

prospera Casey, og-122.

affinis Casey, 09-123.

adulans Casey, 09-123.

Elongate, sub-oval. Elytra pale green to ultramarine, suture and lateral
margins generally cupreous but absent in extreme forms, feebly inflated sub-
posteriorly, tips not bidentate, four elytral cost^e, suture and margin elevated,
elytral costae convex, their summits polished and not punctate. Antennae
metallic green or bronzed. Head and pronotum green with more or less
bronze at sides, head deeply and confluently punctate with a distinct median
costa, pronotum deeply, densely but distinctly punctate, more or less im-
pressed medially. Beneath metallic green or bronzed, presternum coarsely
and densely punctate, abdomen finely punctate. Male slightly narrower than
female and having abdomen more closely punctate, abdomen of female
sparingly punctate. Tip of abdomen sub-truncate in both sexes. Length
14-19 mm.

Records. — Yellowstone Park. July 21 (Zabriskie) ; Wyoming,
Divide, Lane County; Ashland: Sulphur Springs, August 2 (Jones):
Dilley; Corvallis, May (Green); Ranier, July, August; Coast Mts.,
April (Chamberlin) ; Oregon. Priests River. June 21 (Wickham) ;
Atalanta, June, 7800 ft.; Idaho. Utah (Barfoot). Santa Fe
(Snow); Gallinas Caiion (Snow); Las Vegas (Ward); Las Vegas
Hot Springs (Schwarz & Barber) ; New Mexico. Carrville, Trinity
County, July l (Van Dyke) ; San Bernardino Mts., July 3 (May) ;
Camp Nelson, Tulare County, 4700 ft., August i (Beardsley) ; Quincy,
July I (Radcliffe) ; Mendocino County; Mt. Lowe, August 8 (Coxey) ;
Tulare County; Sylvania, Huckleberry Meadow, Fresno County,
August; McCloud, July 2 (Van Dyke); Yreka (W. Duenkel) ;
California. Nevada. Montana. Arizona. Yuka, August; Colo-
rado. Port Townsend, August (Seaton) ; Seattle, July; Washing-
ton. Victoria, B. C, July 20 (Osborne) ; Vancouver Island, B. C,
July 7 to 12; Calapooia Mts., 1400-1600 ft., August 11; Kaniloops,
B. C. ; Beaver Mouth, B. C, July 14; Canada. Common from Br.
Col., to southern California. (Chamberlin.) Breeds in Douglas fir,
yellow, lodge pole, sugar and Monterey pine and western red cedar
(Thuja pUcata). (Chamberlin.) This species mines yellow pine
and Jeffrey pine in the Rocky Mountains and Pacific States. Injury
similar to that of Biiprcstis apricaiis. Entrance is made through
wounds in the bark. Lightning struck trees are especially subject to
attack. Adults emerge in spring and early summer. (Burke.)

Mr. W. J. Chamberlin informs us that he has bred extensive

84 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoL xxvi.

series of this insect and that all of the various species from the
Pacific Coast, erected on size, color and individual variations are
nothing but extreme forms. From one female he secured a series
showing an extensive enough variation in size, shape and color rang-
ing from entirely green with no cupreous markings to entirely cupre-
ous, to warrant the above synonymy. Aurulenta is very common
along the Pacific Coast and one of our most beautiful buprestids.

Mr. Gilbert Arrow states that there are no European specimens
of this species in the British Museum and knows of no reason for
supposing that it occurs in Europe. Kerremans also treats it as a
strictly American insect. This will make B. laitta of Le Conte a
synonym and correct the present mistaken idea that aurulenta is Euro-
pean. Van Dyke states that the form vUlosa described by Le Conte
is identical with aurulenta except for its more pubescent prosternum
which character is very variable and by means warrants the erec-
tion of a species.

Buprestis adjecta (Le Conte), 54-17.

brcvis Casey, 09-118.

intricata Casey, 09-1 iS.

Stout, more oval than preceding. Elytra entirely deep or light green
with a faint brassy luster ; suture and lateral margins often narrowly
cuprescent ; tips bidentate, elytral costs intermediately elevated, convex, their
summits polished and not punctate. Antenna dark, more or less metallic.
Head and pronotum green, often with a brassy tinge, densely punctate, head
with a distinct median sulcus, pronotum not, to distinctly impressed along
median line, broadly rounded at sides. Beneath metallic with a distinct
cupreous shine, prosternum and abdomen coarsely and densely punctate,
scarcely truncate. Length 13-1S mm.

Records. — Gallinas Canon (Snow) ; New Mexico. Idaho. Tahoe
Tavern, July 10; Tallac, elevation 6300 ft., July 16 (Reynolds) :
Weed, July 20 (Chamberlin) ; Sierra Nevada Mts. ; California. Ft.
Klamath; Oregon (Packard), (Chamberlin), Oregon. Washing-
ton (Leng Coll.). Nevada. Bullion Peak, August (Oslar) ; Mani-
tou, August; Colorado Springs (Wheeler); Colorado. National
Park; Wyoming. Beaver Foot Range Rocky Mts. (Wenman) ;
Peachland, B. C, August; Field, B. C, August l (Brown); Van-
couver; Canada. Ohau, Honolulu, one specimen on flowers (Black-
burn & Sharp) ; H. I. Occurs from Washington to Tulare County,
California. (Chamberlin.) Probably breeds in yellow, Jeffrey and
lodge pole pine. (Chamberlin.)

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeiSS : BUPRESTIS IN NORTII AMERICA. 85

This species appears to be both local and rare. Few of our eastern
collections have it represented by more than one or two examples.
The two forms (intricata and brevis) described by Casey have no
good constant characters and should be placed in synonymy.

Buprestis sulcicollis (Le Conte), 59-20S.

lateralis Casey, 09-119.

Convex. Elytra obliquely narrowed and slightly prolonged at apex, uni-
form, dull, dark, coppery brown usually with a very slight tinge of green,
four elytra! costse, suture and margin elevated, third of true elytral costae
very short. Antennae dark, first two segments bronzed. Head and pronotum
dark coppery brown, latter deeply channeled, pronotum becoming arcuate
toward base. \'entral surface dull cupreous, densely punctate, punctures of
presternum coarse, those of abdomen fine, tip broadly rounded. Length
1 3-1 5.5 mm.

Records. — Lake Superior (Le Conte). Monmouth, June 24;
Paris (Frost) ; Maine. Hampton (Shore) ; New Hampshire.
Marquette, June 25 in wash up (Sherman); Michigan. Keene
Valley, Essex County, July (Notman) ; New York. Nova Scotia.

Food plants, white and pitch pine.

This species is exceedingly rare and appears to be confined to the
northeast. The occasional records from Florida and the south un-
doubtedly refer to the true Buprestis striata which is also a uniform
dark coppery brown above, but which is easily separated by the char-
acters given in the key and also by the pronotum not being channeled
as it is in sulcicollis. Dr. E. C. VanDyke who examined the type in
the Le Conte collection finds that it is not a brassy green insect as
claimed by Casey but of a uniform dull, coppery brown with a very
slight greenish reflection. This places the dark form described by
Casey as lateralis in synonymy.

Buprestis striata (Fab.), 75-267.

obscura Casey, 09-125.

Elongate. Elytra dark coppery brown with a cupreous shine, four elytral
costae, suture and margin elevated, costas flat and punctured, intervals densely,
coarsely and confluently punctate. Antennas greenish, more or less bronzed.
Head and pronotum uniform dark coppery brown with a cupreous or brassy
luster. Head and pronotum densely and coarsely punctate, sides usually
parallel, slightly sinuate, rarely arcuate or broadened posteriorly. Ventral
surface and legs bronzed or cupreous. Prostermnn densely and coarsely, ab-
domen, finely punctate. Male narrower than female with tips of abdomen
more broadly rounded. Length 13-20 mm.

86 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

Records. — West Indies. Vowell's ]\Iill (Coverdale) ; Louisiana.
La Grange, Brevard County; Jacksonville, beaten from pine saplings
(Dury) ; Florida. Texas. Cobham; Virginia, Southern Pines,
May, September (Manee) ; North Carolina. Georgia. Lake-
hurst, May 28 (Davis); Ft. Lee, in hemlock (Joutel) ; Newark;
Westville (Liljeblad) ; Da Costa, May 30 (Smith's List); Alloway,
July (Hornig) ; New Jersey. Minnewaska, Ulster County, July 27,
from dead pine (Nicolay) ; Valhalla, April 2 from pitch pine
(Schott); Keene Valley, Essex County, June, July, August (Not-
man) ; New York. Cincinnati (Dury) ; Ohio. Hummelstown, May
5, April I chopped from Pinus rigida log (Knull) ; Pennsylvania.
Cook County; Illinois. Mineral Springs, July 4, under bark of
living tamarack (Wolcott) ; Pine, May 3; Miller, July 2, 15, August
7 (Liljeblad) ; Indiana. Pentwater, August 20 (Liljeblad) ; Pe-
quanning, August 10, ovipositing on pine (Hebard) ; shore of
Keweenaw Bay, August 10 (Hebard) ; Michigan. St. Louis, No-
vember 27; Missouri. May 4, June 5 (Blanchard) ; Mass. San-
born, July 16; New Hampshire. Quebec, August 5; Levis County
(Roy) ; Terrebonne County (Hausen) ; Montreal Island (Chagnon) ;
Vaudreuil County, July (Winn) ; Canada. From pitch pine cord-
wood, Oct. 27, Nov. 22; from late March to early April among
needles of young long leaf pine; mid April to early May rather active
and often above reach on denuded trunks of blasted pines where they
mate and oviposit. (Manee.) Dug from white pine stumps.
(Blanchard.) Remains in wood as adult from late October to spring
and emerges in early April, seeks pine in its second death year.
(Manee.) Larva sometimes found in sound pine logs but more fre-
quently in decaying stumps. (Saunders.) Appears upon pine and
spruce trees in May and June; prefers dead wood of logs and stumps
to living trees; has been met with in two instances at the tips of the
limbs of young spruce trees and probably feeds upon young tender
buds of pine and spruce. (Fitch.) According to "Insect Life"
(Vol. II, p. 369), Buprcstis striata is mentioned as having been re-
ceived from T. C. Harris, Raleigh, N. C, together with the state-
ment that it had been found in a clothing store and had died after
cutting eight holes through a pair of heavy woolen pantaloons. The
editor replied that it had probably emerged from wood-work and had
cut the clothing in an effort to escape.

June.^ipiS.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BUPRESTIS IN NORTII AMERICA. 87

Food plants, Piinis strohns, rigida and probably all the southern
yellow pines.

Buprestis striata var. impedita Say, 36-160.

canadensis Casey, 09-124.

Identical in form and structure with preceding. Separated by dorsal
surface being more or less green with suture and sides of elytra cupreous,
pronotum and head green with bronze luster. Ventral surface and legs bright
green to bronzed cupreous. Length 13-17 mm.

Records. — South Paris (Frost); Water ford; Cumberland County,
July 8 (Nicolay) ; Monmouth, June 23, ovipositing beneath chip pro-
truding from scarf of a white pine stump cut previous winter
(Frost) ; Maine. Sanborn, July 16; New Hampshire. Minnesota.
Essex County (Wiltbank) ; Bayshore, Long Island (Shoemaker);
Catskill Mts.; New York. Ft. Lee; New Jersey. Hummelstown,
April I, chopped from Pinus rigida log (Knull) ; State College, May
13 (Knull) ; Rockville, April 24 (Champlain) ; Pennsylvania.
Horn Mtn. Club (Sherman) ; Marquette, June 25, in wash up (Sher-
man) ; Michigan. Sudbury, Ont. ; Hymens, Ontario, Sept. i;
Canada.

The fact that the variety occurs with the true striata prevents it
from being regarded as a good geographical race. In a large series
there are indistinguishable intermediates which prevent the raising of
impedita to specific rank. Impedita should be placed in collections as
a distinct color variety of striata but we believe the line should be
drawn here. In our experience this species is never met with in
numbers but Sherman has taken it quite commonly in wash up along
the shores of Lake Superior during June.

Shelford in his work '' Color and Color Pattern Mechanism of
Tiger Beetles" (111. Biol. Mon., Vol. HI., No. 4) concludes that the
brilliant colors of the group are due to thin surface films of material
having the properties of metals. Prof. Michelson is inclined to at-
tribute differences in the colors to differences in the chemical con-
stitution of the film and color changes during ontogeny to changes in
chemical constitution but states that this would be difficult to demon-
strate on account of the minuteness of the film. In view of this, it is
extremely probable that buprestid colors and color changes are due
to similar causes.

88 Journal New York Entomological Society, ["^'o'- xxvi.

Buprestis apiicans Hcrbst, 01-125.

nigricornis (Sturm), 26-105.

bosci Castelnau & Gory, 37-146.

cribripennis Casey, 09-127.

Oblong, oval. Elytra uniform dull cupreous brown, punctatc-striate.
Antennse dark, first two segments bronzed. Head and pronotum coarsely
densely and confluently punctate. Sides of pronotum slightly arcuate. Ven-
tral surface cupreous with greenish reflections, presternum coarsely and
densely, abdomen more finely and distinctly punctate. Tip of abdomen trun-
cate and subsinuate in male, broadly rounded in female. Length 16-23 mm.

Records. — Southern Pines, April 25, May 9 (Manee) ; North
Carolina. Grand Bay; Alabama. South Carolina. Vowell's
Mill (Coverdale) ; Louisiana. Jacksonville, beaten from pine sap-
lings (Dury) ; Deep Lake, April 12 (Davis) ; Florida. Tyler County;
Texas. Billy's Is., Okefinokee Swamp (Bradley) ; Georgia. Late
March to early April among needles of young long leaf pines, prob-
ably feeding; mid-xA.pril to mid-May on dead blaze of big, living long-
leaf pines. Oviposits exclusively in cracks of dry dead spots or
blazes of large living long leaf pines. (Manee.) Known as the
flat-headed turpentine heartwood borer. Lijures longleaf pine of
Southern States when boxed for turpentine, fire-scarred or otherwise
injured. Larval mines are oval, 6X10 mm. in diameter and wind
back and forth through sapwood and deep into the heartwood. This
shortens the life of the tree as a producer of turpentine and spoils
part of it for lumber. Trees often so badly riddled that they are
broken over by the wind. Adults emerge during late winter and
spring. (Burke.)

There is nothing in the description to warrant the retention of
the name cribripennis even as a slight variety. The species is
southern and rarely taken north of the Carolinas. It is probable that
a record such as one from New Jersey (Boonton, N. J.), Jan. 31,
under bark of dead pine (G. M. Greene), refers to a straggler and
should not be included in the regular distribution of the species.

Buprestis decora (Fab.), 75-217.

Elongate, narrower than preceding species. Elytra punctate, striate,
green or occasionally with a distinct indigo-blue median vitta, suture and
lateral margins always cupreous, tips bidentate. Antennre black, slightly
metallic, first three segments light green. Head and pronotum green, often
with a cupreous luster, densely and coarsely punctate, pronotum occasionally

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BUPRESTIS IN NoRTH AMERICA. 89

with a faint median sulcus, more often entirely wanting, widest at base, gradu-
ally narrowing toward apex, about two-thirds wider than long. Ventral sur-
face and legs entirely greenish to bronzed, densely punctate, punctures of
presternum coarse, those of abdomen fine. Ventral surface of male slightly
more hairy, tip of abdomen truncate and subsinuale, that of female sub-
truncate. Length 11-18 mm.

Records.— Sotithern Pines, April 6, May 7 (Manee); Wrights-
ville, April 6 (Davis) ; North Carolina. Grand Bay, April, March
(Loding) ; Taylor Co., y\pril (Gentmg) ; Mobile, March (Loding) ;
Alabama. Jacksonville, beaten from pine saplings (Dury) ; Big
Pine Key (Davis) ; Orlando (Pearsall) ; Florida. Louisiana.
Thomasville, April I (Hebard) ; Georgia. Tyler County; Texas.
Cobham; Virginia. Gloucester County; New Jersey, Pa. Little
Rock; Ark. Larv?e and adults split out of rotted pine railway ties
in late October ; in December, they may leave their fuel home on ac-
count of the warmth of the woodbox; from mid-March to early May
among needles of young long-leaf pines probably feeding; in May on
denuded trunks of dead and semi-decadent pines; an occasional stray
specimen in June. Remains in wood as adults from late October to
spring emerging about March i. Decora prefers rotted pine.
(Manee.)

This species is not at all rare in the south and on account of its
remarkable constancy in color, form and size, can be readily dis-
tinguished from all other species.

Buprestis salisburyensis (Herbst), 01-174.

nltramarina Say, 36-160.

Short, oval. Elytra with practically the same markings as those of pre-
ceding species, tips rounded, not bidentate, only about two-thirds longer than
wide. Antennse blackish green, first two segments bronzed. Head and
pronotum as in decora, pronotum shorter, sides more arcuate. Beneath,
similar to decora. Length 11-14 mm.

Records. — Southern Pines, March 26 (Leng) ; North Carolina
(Horn Coll.). Georgia (Le Conte). Da Costa, July 4 (Skinner);
Clementon, May 7 (Coxey) (G. M. Greene); Sumner, May 13
(Coxey) ; Lakehurst, April 30 (Davis) ; Sea Isle, May 24 (Boerner) ;
Westville, April 19; Atlantic City, June 28 (Smith List) ; Gloucester,
April 20 to yiay 5 (Tolman) ; New Jersey. Carlisle Jc, August 9
(Champlain) ; Southwestern Pa. (Hamilton) ; Pennsylvania. Wis-

90 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxyi.

CONSIN. Sandy Plain near Au Sable Forks (Leng), June; New
York. May, rare (Blanchard) ; Mass. Breeds in pine. Beaten
from pitch pines and split from pitch pine knot. (Blanchard.) Food
plant, Finns rigida.

This little species is one of the first if not the first buprestid to
appear during the spring in the Atlantic States. It is by no means
common but can be beaten from the needles of young healthy pines.
The earliest record for New Jersey is April 14.

Buprestis maculativentris Say, 24-272.

sexnotata Castelnau & Gory, 37-129.

maculiventris G. & H., 69—1378.

lecontei Saunders, 71-40.

Elongate, slightly oval. Dorsal surface polished green to bronzed, shin-
ing. Elytra moderately smooth and evenly convex, not strongly furrowed,
sparingly punctate. Head densely and coarsely punctate, usually with a small
yellow spot above and with one or more spots between the antennas. An-
tenna bronzed to greenish. Pronotum coarsely densely and unevenly punctate
with a smooth median line. Anterior angles generally with a slight touch of
yellow but often immaculate, sides parallel, straight or broadly arcuate at or
before the basal half. Ventral surface and legs bronzed to greenish, deeply
densely and evenly punctate, immaculate except for a row of lateral yellowish
spots on abdomen. Length 14-20 mm.

Records.- — ^Jackman (Harvey & Knight) ; Harrison, July (Pol-
lard) ; Monmouth, June 24, from dead stump of Abies halsamea, July
16 (Frost) ; Redding, July 14 (Frost) ; Wales, July 14 (Frost) ;
Maine. Summit Mt., Washington, July 2, 6290 ft. (Dodge) ; White
Mts. ; Sanborn, July, August; Jefferson, August (E. D. Harris);
New Hampshire. Lowell (Blanchard); Hubardston; Mass. Cat-
skill (Joutel Coll.) ; Whiteface Mtn. Trail (Davis) ; Saranac Lake
(Leng) ; Wilmington, August (Davis) ; Lake Placid, July 10 (Felt) ;
Keene Valley, July, August (Notman) ; New York. Pennsylvania.
Putnam Co., rare, June 18; Indiana. Pequaming, August 14
(Hebard) ; Point Abbaye, August 13 on hemlock (Hebard) ; Isle
Royal; Marquette, June 25, common in washup (Sherman); Mich-
igan. Duluth (Doggett) ; Minnesota. Keshena (Skinner) ; Wis-
consin. Mac Nabs Island; Nova Scotia; Halifax; Cape Bretton
(Leng); Hudson Bay Territory, Lake Superior; New Foundland
(Le Conte) ; Victoria Beach; Winnipeg, Man., August 7 (Wallis) :
Grimbsy, Ont., July 7 (Brimly) ; Aweme, Man.; Port Credit, Ont.,

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BuPRESTIS IN NoRTH AMERICA. 91

August 22; Toronto. Out.; Montreal, Que., July 14; Levis Co., Que..
August 12; Matane Co., Que., August (Winn) ; Terrebonne Co., Que
(Hansen); Sherbrook, Que. (Begin); Montreal Isle, July (Chag-
non) ; Vaudreuil Co., Que., July (Stevenson); Argenteuil Co., Que.
(D'urban) ; Canada. Common on old and young spruce trees in
June and July. Beetles have emerged from pine timbers about the
end of June. (Harrington.) This species is locally common and
has a wide range.

Food plants, balsam and spruce.

Buprestis maculativentris var. rusticorum (Kirby), 37-151-

paganonim (Kirby), 37-152.

acomana Casey, 09-100.

morosa Casey, 09-101.

fusca Casey, 09-101.

sublivida Casey, 09-102.

caliginosa Casey, 09-102.

nigricans Casey, 09-102.

lyrata Casey, 09-103.

adducta Casey, 09-103.

Broader and more oblong than preceding species. Upper surface black
with more or less of a bronzed or greenish shine. Elytra strongly furrowed,
numerous minute punctures in furrows, more scattered on interstices. An-
tennae dark metallic green to bronzed. Head densely and coarsely punctate
with only a small spot above the antennas to the entire anterior part being
yellowish or reddish. Pronotum sometimes impressed, more often not at all
so, but with a distinct median line, coarsely and unevenly punctate, sides rang-
ing from nearly parallel and slightly arcuate at basal half to uniformly broadly
rounded, anterior angles yellowish to reddish. Ventral surface and legs dark
with a bronzed or greenish shine, densely, evenly and moderately punctate.
Immaculate except for a row of lateral yellowish or reddish spots on abdomen,
frequently wanting except on last segment. Apex of abdomen broadly emar-
ginate in male, truncate in female. Length 15-23 mm.

Records. — Ranier, April, June ; Sedalia ; Dilley ; Divide, Douglas
County; Blue Mts., August 6 (Chamberlin) ; Grant County, June 22;
Oregon. Ft. Wingate, August i (Woodgate) ; Beulah (Cockerell) ;
Cloudcroft (Knaus) ; Las Vegas Hot Springs (Schwarz & Barber) :
High Rolls, JMay 31; Albuquerque; New Mexico. Texas
(Schaupp). Boulder, July 13; Colorado Springs (Oslar) ; Creede,
8844 ft., August (Hunter) ; Alanitou, July 16 (Packard) ; Colorado.
Northern California (Chamberlin); Fresno County; Stanford Uni-

92 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xxvi.

versity, October lo (Trimble) ; Sierra Nevada ^Its., summit, Lake
Tahoe; California. Helena, July lo (Mann); Montana. Nevada.
King County, 2800 ft. August 5; Tacoma, September 14 (Fernecke);
Port Townsend; Seattle; Washington. Moscow ]Mts., July 8;
Idaho. Kansas. Glacier B. C. (Schaeft'er); Beaverfoot Range,
Rocky Mts. (Wenman) ; Field, B. C, August i (Brown) ; Beaver
Mouth, B. C, July 14; Peachland, B. C, August 3 (Wallis) ; Golden,
B. C, August, Latitude 54, B. C. ; Cross Lake, Oxford House, Man,
(Bell); Cumberland House, Saskatchewan; Vancouver Is.; Canada.
Abundant in pine woods of Oregon and Washington. (Packard.)
Rather abundant in certain situations; of 79 specimens collected 63
were taken feeding on the needles of Piiiiis ponderosa; many ob-
served copulating during August; breeds in yellow pine and Douglas
fir and occurs in all northern counties of California. (Chamberlin.)
Pscudotsugce taxi folia, Abies grandis.

This is a geographical variety of the preceding, from which it can
be readily separated by the strong elytral furrows, broader form
and blackish coloration. Although confined to the west, it has a
wide range north and south, examples having been taken from British
Columbia to New Mexico. This form has recently been split into a
number of species but the characters by which they are separated
such as impression along the pronotum and shape of thorax are vari-
able and unreliable.

Buprestis maculativentris var. subornata (Le Conte), 59-20S.

rubronotans Casey, 09-97.

adonea Casey, 09-97.

histrio Casey, 09-98.

piinctiventris Casey, 09-99.

violescens Casey, 09-99.

Broad, moderately convex. Dorsal surface green to dull metallic green
or violaceous, slightly shining. Elytral intervals strongly and alternately
convex, sparsely punctate. Head deeply and distinctly punctate, anterior
portion variously marked with orange-yellow. Antennae green to dark green-
ish black. Pronotum coarsely, distinctly and unevenly punctate with a
smooth median line, sides nearly straight, often broadly arcuate at basal half,
anterior angles orange-yellow. Ventral surface and legs metallic green to
bronzed, moderately coarsely and closely punctate ; immaculate except for
two discoidal orange-colored spots on each abdominal segment more or less
connected with the lateral ones. Last segment truncate in female. Length
17-19 mm.

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTII AMERICA. 93

Records. — Weed. August ; California. Kansas. Utah. Ore-
gon. Montana. Las Vegas Hot Springs (Schwarz & Barber) ;
New Mexico. Colorado Spgs. (Oslar) ; Colorado. Food plants are
Pimis pondcrosa (Chamberlin) and Douglas fir (Garnett).

This variety can be readily distinguished from the preceding by
the uniform green to violet hue and the arrangement of the spots
on the abdomen. The species described by Casey are undoubtedly
individual variations.

Buprestis maculipennis Gory, 40-119 (Plate I, Figs, i and 2).

inconstans Melsheimer, 46-146.

deficiens Casey, 09-90.

fusiforniis Casey, 09-91.

scripta Casey, 09-91.

reducta Casey, 09-92.

leporina Casey, 09-92.

Elongate oval. Elytra black with a distinct brassy tinge, yellowish mark-
ings extremely variable ranging from a few scattered spots to large confluent
patches covering entire elytra except humerus, suture, lateral margins and
triangular spot in center running from lateral margins to suture and apex
which are brassy black ; striae finely and closely, intervals coarsely punctate.
Antennae brassy to piceous. Head densely and coarsely punctate (J') having
anterior portion yellowish with two central spots and small dot at base of
each antenna brassy black; ($) entirely dark except for small yellowish spot
between the eyes and antennae. Pronotum brassy black rarely with greenish
tinge, deeply to distinctly punctate, anterior angles yellowish. Under side
and legs bronzed often with a greenish tinge ; entirely immaculate to irregu-
larly spotted with yellow, deeply and distinctly punctate. Anterior margin
of prosternum entirely pale to dark with pale dots ; prosternal spine bronzed
rarely entirely yellow distinctly and sparingly punctate. Last abdominal seg-
ment with a transverse yellowish to orange-red spot at sides near base, in
rare cases entirely wanting. Males with last abdominal segment truncate,
females rounded. Length 10-14.3 "''i''''-

Records. — Big Pine (Davis) ; Florida. Vowell's Mill (June) ;
Louisiana. Cape Henry; Virginia. Belleport, L. L, July 23, Au-
gust 30, occurs with Uncata but not so abundant (Nicolay) ; Mas-
sapaequa, L. L, June 29 (Shoemaker) ; Sandy Plain near Au Sable
Forks; New York. Pennsylvania. Jamesburg, July 2 (Davis);
Lakehurst, July 11 (Davis); New Jersey. Miller's, July 21
(Selinger); July 2, 11 (Liljebald) ; Mineral Springs, July 4 (L. &
G.) ; Indiana. White Sulphur Springs, July 18 (Robinson) ; West

94 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xxvi.

Virginia. Pentwater, July 24 (Liljeblad) ; Michigan. Paris, July
18 (Frost) ; Maine. Mass. N. Carolina. Missouri. On dead
pine logs. (Nicolay.) This species is certainly distinct and should
never have been united with Uncaia, from which it may be readily
distinguished by the yellowish elytral spots, more oval form and the
distinct brassy tinge. Occurs with lincata but rarer. Owing to the
wide variation in this species Casey has seen fit to describe five new
forms. Two {dcficiens and inconstans) he has returned to macuH-
pcnnis (Mem., V, 1914, p. 355). As the remaining four {fusiformis,
scripta, reducta, leporina) do not represent either good geographical
varieties or species with constant and distinguishable characters, they
should be placed as synonyms of iiwculipcnuis.

Buprestis lineata (Fab.), 75-217.

More elongate than preceding. Elytra black not so distinctly brassy, each
with two more or less connected brick red to fulvous vittse, which although
sometimes entirely wanting are never broken up into distinct spots (Plate
I, Fig. 4) ; striffi finely and intervals coarsely punctate at sides becoming
finer approaching suture. Antennae coppery to bronzed green. Head densely
punctate, bronzed, anterior portion more or less marked with fascice or spots
which are fulvous. Pronotum bronzed except anterior angles which are brick
red to fulvous, deeply and distinctly punctate. Prosternum densely punc-
tured, bronzed, anterior margin fulvous, prosternal spine sparingly punctate.
Ventral surface and legs distinctly punctate, punctuation varying from fine
to coarse. Last ventral segment marked with reddish near each anterior
angle, sometimes quite large and almost united into a fascia but more com-
monly small and almost wanting. Males with last abdominal segment trun-
cate, females rounded ; a small tooth on each side. Length 12-17 mm.

Records. — West Indies. Enterprise; Et. Capron ; Tampa
(Schwarz) ; Jacksonville, beaten from pine saplings (Dury) ; Lake-
land, May 6; Gainesville; La Grange, Brevard County, September
(Davis) ; Elorida. Opelika, August 2 (Hebard) ; Vernon Ph.
(Davis); Vowell's Mills; Louisiana. Cobham; East Eall's Church,
August 22, 30 (Gabrielson) ; Virginia. White Sulphur Springs,
July 19 (Robinson) ; W. Virginia. Maryland. Billy's Island, Oke-
fenokee Swamp, June (Loding) ; Jesup, Wayne County, September i
(Rehn & Hebard); Georgia. Mobile, August; Grand Bay, May 25
(Loding) ; Alabama. Texas. Southern Pines, June to July, on
blasted pines, occasionally on pine logs (Manee) ; North Carolina.
Bayshore, L. L. July 22 (Shoemaker) ; Yaphank, L. L, July (Davis) ;

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeTSS : BUPRESTIS IN NoRTH AMERICA. 95

Long Pond, Wading River, L. I., July 27 (Davis) ; Belleport, L. L,
July 23, August 8, common on dead pine logs (Nicolay) Karner, July
10 (Joutel Coll.) ; 'Nzw York. Lakehurst, July 28 (Davis) ; Sea
Isle, April 26 (Luccareni) ; Malaga, August 4 (G. M. Greene) ;
Nevi^ark (Bischoff) ; Da Costa, July 28 (Daecke) ; Brigantine Beach,
in drifted wood (Hn.) ; Jamesburg, Aug. 4 (Joutel) ; Anglesea,
June 14 (Brn.) ; New Jersev. Lake Co., rare, June 29. July 25;
Indiana. Providence, under bark of white and pitch pine (Packard) ;
Rhode Island. Lehigh Gap, July 3 (G. M. Greene) ; Inglenook,
April 18 (Kirk) ; Pennsylvania. Dartmouth, June 13 (Easton) ;
Framingham, dug dead out of white pine stump (Frost) ; Lowell,
July (Blanchard); Mass. Nova Scotia (Hall); Toronto, Ont.
(Crew) ; Terrebonne Co., Que. (Hansen) ; Canada. Not common
in Canada. Prefers pine in first death year. (Manee.)

Food plants, Pinus strohus, rigida. Mines wood of injured,
dying and dead trees; loblolly pine {Pinus tcrda) ; scrub pine (P.
virginiana), and long leaf pine (P. palustris) ; pupates and transforms
to beetle stage from April to June, flies from April to August,
(Burke).

Buprestis lineata var. davisi new variety.

Similar in form to preceding. Elsrtra brassy black each with either two
more or less connected yellowish vittse or having yellowish markings spread
over entire surface, except for shoulders, lateral margin, suture and just
behind the apex. Striae and intervals finely punctate. Antenna: green, usu-
ally slightly bronzed. Punctuation and markings of head same as in lineata.
Pronotum bronze to green with faint touch of bronze, anterior angles marked
with yellowish to fulvous which often extends along lateral margins as far as
posterior angles. Prosternum densely and deeply punctate, anterior margin
yellowish to slightly fulvous ; prosternal spine sparingly punctate. Ventral
surface and legs variable bronze to green, distinctly, densely and deeply
punctate. Last ventral segment having a small yellowish spot near each an-
terior angle. Males with last abdominal segment truncate, females rounded;
a small tooth on each side. Length, male 15-18 mm., female 16.5-18 mm.

Described from a series of two males and three females collected
by Mr. W. T. Davis at Cocoanut Grove, September 14, and Big Pine
Key, Florida. Holotype (J*) and two paratypes (J) in the collection
of Mr. Davis. Allotype ($) and one paratype (J^) in the Nicolay
collection.

This form can be readily recognized by the light yellowish mark-

96 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'o'- >^-^vi.

ings, more confluent than in lincata. It seems to ht a distinct
geographical race and as no specimens of the true lincata were taken
in the same locaHty, we believe the form should receive a varietal
name.

Buprestis nuttalli (Kirby), 37-152.

" Body black-bronzed, glossy, punctured ; underneath with a few pale
decumbent hairs. Head confluently punctured with several irregular con-
nected levigated spaces ; labial palpi, spots on the mandibles, labrum, lower
margin of the eyes and frontal spots yellow. Prothorax bisinuate both at the
apex and base, grossly punctured with several levigated spaces ; lateral margin
except the base and parts of the anterior yellow, elytra slightly furrowed,
furrows punctured, interstices alternately convex and plane, the sutural one
is convcxed and forked at the base, the flat ones are most punctured but the
convex ones more grossly ; in the disc of the elytra are three equidistant ir-
regular yellow spots arranged longitudinally, and nearer the base, on the
second ridge a line of confluent yellow dots : the apex of the elytra is trun-
cated; on each of the ventral segments of the abdomen the sides are marked
with a triangular orange-colored spot, those on the anal segment being larger
and irregular: the coxae also and tmderside of the thighs are partly of the
same color.

" Variety B. Without the yellow line of confluent dots at the base of
the elytra and with the spots arranged longitudinally indistinct.

" C. With all the ventral orange spots large and irregular.

" D. Front with a large central spot. Base of the belly bluish.

" E. Elytra without yellow spots. Front as in D.

" F. With only one distinct yellow spot.

"Length 15-17 mm. (Latitude 65 and Rocky Mts.)"

Records. — Port Yucan, Sahnon River (Blasse), Alaska?. Mon-
tana. Telegraph Creek; Hudson Bay; Edmonton, Alta., July 3
(Carr) ; Banff, Alta., June i ; Dawson, Yukon; Canada. On pine.

The above original description is presented in order to clear up
the now existing confusion in correctly identifying the true nuttalli,
which is strictly a northern species. The elytra varies in color
from black with a distinct greenish tinge to plain black. This species
can be separated by the rounded pronotum and the spots at the side
of each abdominal segment. The yellowish markings of the head
are variable and cannot be relied upon ; the lateral margins of the
thorax also vary from entirely yellow to black with just the anterior
tips yellowish. Tip of abdomen is truncate in the female without
prominent teeth.

Jun€, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 97

Buprestis nuttalli var. alternans Le Conte, 59-207.

conicicauda Casey, 09-93.

diriiptans Casey, 09-94.

contorta Casey, 09-94.

gravidula Casey, 09-95.

torva Casey, 09-95.

boulderensis Casey, 09-96.

Similar in form but usually larger and broader than preceding, without
metallic luster, abdomen coarsely punctate. Similar in markings and general
appearance to consitlaris, in fact specimens from Washington could easily be
mistaken for the eastern form. Can be separated from preceding by the more
strongly convex alternate interstices of the elytral striae, its large size and
coarser punctures of the abdomen. Length 16.5-20 mm.

Records. — Washington. Gallinas Canon (Snow) ; Water Canon
(Snow); Ft. Wingate, June; Grant County (Howard); Las Vegas
Hot Springs (Schwarz & Barber); New Mexico. Willow Creek,
Cusack Ranch; Colorado. Arizona. California.

This is a western and southwestern variety. There is a need of
additional material especially from the southwest, which we believe
will prove our contention that there is a single species with an ex-
tremely wide geographical range and individual variation. In a series
of specimens from one locality in the collection of Mr. Chas.
Schaeffer, there is considerable difference in the shape of the prono-
tum, which varies from broadly arcuate to sinuate with posterior half
inflated. This makes it extremely difficult to separate from the
other forms, as certain specimens have the characters of nuttalli
while others agree with the description of alternans. From this it
would appear that there is but a single species.

Buprestis nuttalli var. consularis Gory, 40-120.

flavopicta Casey, 09-96.

Elongate oval, black without metallic luster. Elytra with three or four
orange yellow fasciae, one at base, another just before and behind the center
and one before apex, often broken up and interrupted by black elytral striae.
Alternate interstices convex. Beneath bronzed, more or less marked with
orange red, moderately and distinctly punctate. Legs bronzed. Last ab-
dominal segment truncate in both sexes. Length i3-5-i7 mm.

Records. — Marquette; Michigan. New Hampshire. I\Ion-
mouth, July 17, on stump of dead Abies balsamca (Frost) ; Paris,
July 18 (Frost) ; Maine. Lowell, July, August (Rlanchard) ; Mass.
Keene Valley, Essex County (Notman) ; New York. Lahaway,

98 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

July 5 (Smith) ; Lakehurst. July 22 (Davis) ; New Jersey. Great
Falls, July 4, adults found on pine slash (Knull) ; Virginia. Duluth
(Doggett) Minnesota. Cincinnati; Ohio. State College, July 19
(Knull) ; Harrisburg, July 31 (Knull) ; Pennsylvania. White Sul-
phur Springs, July 8, August 11, on pine (Robinson) ; W. Virginia.
Ottawa; White Fish Point, Lake Superior; Sudbury, Out.; Gory,
Ont. ; Levis Co. (Fyles) ; Vaudreuil'Co. (Ouellette) ; Montreal Island,
July (Beaulieu) ; Canada.

On pitch pine. (Blanchard.) Breeds in decayed Piniis rigida
and z'irgiiiiana. (Knull.) This is the eastern form separated by the
convex alternate interstices of the elytral strire and the pronotum
usually being sinuate and with a distinct swelling at the base.

Buprestis leeviventris (Le Conte), 57-43.

pugctana Casey, 09-94.

This is a western species which can be readily separated by the smooth
surface of the elytra, the variable yellowish markings usually uninterrupted
by the black striae and the feeble punctuation of the abdomen. This species
quite often has a distinct greenish luster. Length 14-20 mm.

Records.— ]\It. Shasta. July: Northern California (Chamberlin) ;
Truckee, 5800 ft., August (Wickham) ; Weed, August (Chamberlin) ;
McCloud, July 2 (Van Dyke) ; California. Tacoma; Washington.
Oregon. Arizona.

Numerous in northern California, prefers old dry logs and poles
without bark; eggs deposited in or on logs where there is no bark;
many taken on railroad ties and in dust along road. (Chamberlin.)
On Phuts pondcrosa. Yellow, lodgepole, digger and sugar pines
(Garnett).

Buprestis confluenta Say, 23-159.

confiiiens Le Conte, 59-206.

tessellafa Casey, 09-104.

Elongate, slightly more oval than preceding species. Above bright
emerald green to bluish, elytra thickly and confluently spotted with yellow,
striae closely and intervals sparingly punctate. Antennae green. Head and
pronotum green, coarsely and thickly punctured. Prosternum green, densely
and coarsely punctured at sides, less so toward center. Ventral surface green-
ish with coppery luster, abdominal segments sparsely and finely punctate.
Legs green. Males with broad yellow vitta extending from the anterior
margin of the prosternum to near the apex of the first abdominal segment;
females without pale markings. Length 14. 7-1 6 mm.

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BUPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 99

Records. — Wallace County, 3000 ft. (Snow) ; Kansas. Clear
Creek, July (Oslar) ; Littleton, June 24, July 7 (Frost) ; Colorado.
Miller, July 16 (Liljeblad) ; Indiana. Peoria, Illinois. I'uffalo
Gap (Hall); Dakota. Utah. Badger (Colt); Nebraska. Lusk,
July (Williams) ; Wyoming. Texas. Nevada. Great Basin
(Chamberlin) ; Lake Tahoe (Van Dyke) ; California. Oweme,
Man. (Griddle); Makinak, Man.; Montreal Island, Que.; Rouville
Co., Que., July 10; Leduc, Alta., August 3; Wabamun, Alta., July 2
(Carr) ; Canada.

B. con fluent a mines the wood of injured, dying and dead aspen
{Popiihis trcmnloidcs) and Cottonwood (P. delfoidcs) ; flies from July
to September; attacks planted cottonwood. (Burke.)

B. tcsscUafa described from Texas by Casey has no good character
even to warrant the erection of a subspecies and such forms should
be placed with confliienta. Specimens of conflucnia from Alberta,
Canada, and other northern localities appear to be more elongate and
parallel and less spotted than specimens from Nebraska, Texas and
the south.

Buprestis rufipes (Oliv.), 90-16.

virens Casey, 09-105.

elongata Casey, 09-105.

Elongate parallel, above metallic green, more rarely with a bluish violet
luster. Elytra having a basal stripe, two spots behind middle and tips yellow
and bidentate, strise narrow densely, intervals sparingly punctate. Antennas
pale brown. Head and pronotum green or bluish, coarsely punctured. Hy-
pomera yellow ; prosternum metallic green except anterior margin and broad
median vitta brownish yellow. Beneath green, last three ventral segments
reddish brown with more or less of a purplish tinge, the last one generally
marked with a large spot of yellow; a median stripe usually broken into
spots and a row of dots along the sides yellow. Legs brown, rarely in part
black to metallic green. Males distinguished by having last abdominal seg-
ment truncate, females sinuate. Length 17.5-25 mm.; extreme, 12 nun. in
male and 28 mm. in female.

Records. — Crescent City ; Enterprise, not rare in oak trees
(Schwarz) ; Steinhatchee River; Florida. Comal County; Browns-
ville, July; New Braunfels, May 5 (Mittendorf) ; Texas. Newport
News (Bailey) ; Cobham ; Nelson County, July 9 (Davis) ; Virginia.
Near Little Paint Brook, Prince Georges County (Davis) ; Mary-
land. Southern Pines, June 30 (Manee) ; North Carolina. Cov-

100 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^'°^- x>^vi.

ington, Vowell's Mills, August; Louisiana. Kentucky. Seashore
(Liebeck) ; Anglesea, July, on oak and flying around dead wood; Cape
May (Smith's List); New Jersey. Ardmore, August 14 (Mrs.
Skinner); Frankford, July I, August 14 (Schmidt); Angora, Au-
gust 18, on dead beech (G. M. Greene) ; Overbrook, July 28 (G. M.
Greene) ; Lancaster County (Beer) ; Harrisburg, July 13, adults taken
on dead hickory (Champlain) ; Hummelstown, July 5, 15, on dead
tulip poplar and beech (KnuU) ; Phila Neck, July 9, 30, on maple and
beech (Hornig) ; Pennsylvania. Southern half of state, scarce,
July 4; Indiana. Georgia. Douglas County, 900 ft. (Snow);
Kansas. Cincinnati (Dury) ; Ohio. Missouri.

Breeds in oak and beech. (Chittenden.) In dead beech and
maple (Dury), and the southern yellow pines. Mines chestnut,
hickory, tulip (Burke).

In his Memoirs, V, 1914, p. 355, Casey states that virens is the
female of rufipcs. The form described as elongata by Casey on its
possession of blackish legs should be referred to rufipcs, as in the
examination of extended series the color of the legs was found to
exhibit considerable variation. The markings of this species are
remarkably constant, the greatest degree of variation being in the
size.

Buprestis viridisuturalis n. sp.

Elongate parallel. Predominating color of elytra fulvous or reddish.
Male with suture narrowly greenish, large spot just behind middle extending
from suture almost to lateral margin green, occasionally with a very small
greenish dot in center of elytra midway between suture and margin. Female
with suture broadly green, usually with large spot in middle and another just
behind the middle extending from suture almost to lateral margin green, often
with one or more small greenish dots just behind humerus. Antennce me-
tallic, first segment from two to three times as long as the second. Eyes
large and prominent. Head and pronotum bright metallic green, densely and
coarsely punctate. Sides of pronotum (male) nearly parallel, slightly arcuate,
(female) more arcuate and inflated basally. Elytra parallel, slightly sinuate
behind base, tips bidentate. Beneath metallic green often with purplish re-
flection. Prosternum not sulcated, sparingly punctate in center, more densely
so toward sides. First abdominal segment not sulcated, tips bisinuate to trun-
cate with a small tooth on each side. Legs, sides of prosternum and abdomen
covered with long silvery pubescence. Legs finely and moderately punctate,
metallic except tarsi which are brownish. Male, length 11-13 mm., width 4
mm. Female, length 22 mm., width 7 mm.

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 101

Holotype (J*) in the Nicolay collection and one paratype (^) in
the Weiss collection. Allotype (J) and one paratype (5) in the Leng
collection. Two paratypes (5 J*) in the Schaeffer collection. Tulare
Co., So. California. Dilley (Miss F. Dennis) Oregon.

This species has long been placed in collections under the name
gibbsi. How it was originally identified as this insect is a puzzle as
there is not the slightest resemblance between it and Le Conte's de-
scription and figure (Report of Pacific Exploration, 1857, Plate I,
fig. 17). It is distinct from all other members of the group and
could never be mistaken for anything else. On oak (Van Dyke).

Buprestis gibbsi (Le Conte), 57-42.

Elongate parallel. Elytra purplish with anterior pale spot extending:
obliquely to the base and enveloping the humeral callus, another transverve
spot just behind the middle not attaining the suture but extending to the
margin and a subapical spot extending nearly to the suture and dilated along
the margin ; the last two spots always touched laterally with orange. Striae
deep, punctate, the intervals sparsely punctate. Antennae testaceous, the first
joint senescent. Head purplish, punctate, the front carinate, base bisinuate.
Pronotum more or less evidently impressed along the middle, sides parallel
to slightly arcuate. Length 15 mm.

Records. — Tulare County; Garl)erville. August (Chamberlin) '
Sonoma County (Rivers); Nevada City; Lake Ellann (Van Dyke);
San Diego County (Coquillet) ; Palm Springs (Hubbard & Schwarz) ;
Yosemite Valley, June 14, elev. 4000 to 5000 ft. (Mason) ; Sequoia;
Station, Tulare Co. (Hopping) ; California. Corvallis (Chamber-
lin) ; Oregon. Manitou, July 6 (Neubarth) ; Colorado. Steilacoom
(Gibbs) ; Washington.

Not common, found occasionally on oak and poplar and. probably
breeds in these trees (Chamberlin). On black oak and black cotton-
wood (Burke). The above description was copied from Casey's
translation of Le Conte with slight alterations and additions. Gibbsi
is practically unknown in eastern collections. However Mr. Frank
Mason of Philadelphia is fortunate in possessing two females. This
species can be readily distinguished by the purplish elytra and the
yellowish posterior spots being touched with orange, a character that
is not clearly brought out in Le Conte's description.

102 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

Buprestis connexa Horn, 75-148.

Elongate oval. Elytra brilliant green shading to blue along suture, lat-
eral margins cupreous, elytral intervals moderately convex more so near
suture, sparingly punctate. Antennse dark blackish cupreous, first two seg-
ments purplish. Head and pronotum cupreous with more or less of a green-
ish luster, head densely and coarsely punctate, pronotum more distinctly
punctate, not impressed at middle but with distinct median line, sides feebly
arcuate, narrower in front. Ventral surface and legs brilliant cupreous with
greenish reflections, densely but finely punctate. Length 15 mm.

Records. — Blue Mts., August 6, on yellow pine (Chamberlin) ;
Oregon. Northern California (Chamberlin) ; California (Horn
Coll.) ; Donner Lake (Garnett) ; California. Nevada (Horn
Coll.). Idaho.

Never found in numbers; a specimen was found July 28 on the
foliage of yellow pine and one embedded in pitch on end of a j^ellow
pine log; another was taken on July 18 from the sapwood of yellow
pine (P. ponderosa) fully mature and would have emerged in a few
days; the gallery traversed the cambium for some distance, winding
around in a very irregular way, then entered the sapwood to a depth
of two inches; the pupal cell was just within the sapwood. (Cham-
belrin.) On Jeffrey pine (P. jcffrcyi) (Burke).

This is one of the rarest species of the genus, less than a dozen
examples being known; all of these, including the type and series in
the Horn collection, are remarkably constant in size and color. Mr.
W. J. Chamberlin has been fortunate in collecting soine half dozen
specimens.

Buprestis fasciata (Fab.), 87-177.

scxniaculata Herbst, 01-163.

Iherminieri Chevrolat, 38-68.

sexplagiata ^ (Le Conte), 59-205.

fill gens Casey, 09-106.

fortunata Casey, 09-107.

saturata Casey, 09-114.

Above bright green to blue. Elytra (female) with yellow fascia behind
the middle and a yellow spot between apex and fascia, also occasionally with a
yellow discal spot before the fascia. Male with large oblong or oval discal
yellowish spot just before the fascia and not quite attaining the base. Male
is smaller, usually with a more cupreous shine and the elytra are uniformly
darker green than in the female. Tips either bidentate or with only a sutural
toofh, external angle being rounded. Stride moderately strong, evenly and

June, 1918.] NiCOLAY & WeISS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 103

closely punctate, intervals broad. Antenncc dark greenish black or bronzed.
Head and pronotum closely and coarsely punctate, sides of pronotum some-
times almost parallel, often arcuate and slightly swollen at base. Ventral
surface and legs bright cupreous to greenish or violaceous, densely punctate.
Length 11 to 18 mm.

Records. — West iNrfiES. Southern Pines, in lowlands, July to
late August, very rare (Manee) ; Cranberry (Thomas) ; North Caro-
lina. Clayton, 2000-3700 ft.; Georgia. Cobham ; Virginia. Ken-
tucky. Gloucester County, rare ; New Jersey. Cataraugus County,
July (Davis) ; Lake Minnewaska, July (Davis) ; Wilmington, July 6
(Shoemaker) ; Keene Valley, Essex County, July, August, September
(Notman) ; Binghamton, Sept. (Ellsworth) ; New York. Endeavor,
July 12 to 30 (Kirk) (KnuU) ; State College, August 11 (Knull) ;
Monroe County (Davis) ; Pocono Lake, July 10 (C. T. Greene) ;
Crooked Creek, July 7; Pennsylvania. Maryland. Waterford;
Monmouth (Frost) ; Maine. Whitehall, July 29 (Liljeblad) ; N.
Muskegon, July 13 (Hill) ; Pentwater, July 18 (Liljeblad) ; Pequam-
ing, August 8 (Hebard) ; Baraga County, August 21, July 27
(Hebard); Paw Paw Lake, July 18 (Liljeblad); Charity Island,
July 18 (Andrews) ; Muskegon, July; Grand Beach, June; Marquette,
June 28, common in washup (Sherman); Michigan. Brule River,
Douglas County, August 16 (Stone); Keshena, July (A. Skinner);
Wisconsin. Duluth (Doggett) ; Minnesota. Indiana. Cincin-
nati (Dury) ; Ohio. Toronto, Ont. ; Shawbridge; Matane County,
August (Winn) ; Charlevoix County, August (Lyman) ; Levis
County (Fyles) ; Terrebonne County (Hansen) ; Montreal Is., July
(Chagnon) ; Vaudreuil County (Desnochers) ; Quebec; Parry Sound,
July; Kearney, Ont., July 26 (Van Duzee) ; Canada. Breeds in
maple ? and poplar ? (Chamberlin).

This is an eastern species, local and not usually taken in numbers
except along the shore of Lake Superior during the end of June.
Dr. E. C. Van Dyke finds that sexplagiafa is merely the male of
fasciata. The males are rare in collections because they are taken
only accidentally on shrubbery and bushes and sometimes in copula.
The females can be taken on logs when they are ovipositing.

Buprestis fasciata var. langi (Manncrheim), 43^237.
ornata Walker, 66-324.
bistrinotata Casey, 09-108.
angusta Casey, 09-108.

104 Journal New York Entomological Society.

[Vol. XXVI.

callida Casey, 09-109.

fastidiosa Casey, 09-109.

mediocris Casey, 09-109.

crenata (^ Casey, 09-110.

seditiosa Casey, 09-110.

leviceps Casey, 09-110. «

depressa Casey, 09-1 11.

viridimicans Casey, 09-1 11.

incolumis Casey, 09-112.

oregona Casey, 09-112.

obliqua Casey, 09-113.

patruelis Casey, 09-113.

graminea Casey, 09-114.

Elongate parallel. Above bright green to golden or bluish, occasionally
purplish. Elytra in female ranging in color from entirely immaculate to
variously spotted with yellow. Male marked with three large pale spots.
Elytral tips bidentate, or with only a sutural tooth, external angle being
rounded. Striae deeper, more densely punctate, intervals narrower, more
convex and more sparingly punctate than in fasciata. Antennas dark green
or bronzed. Head and pronotum densely and coarsely punctate, sides of pro-
notum variable, arcuate to sinuate or parallel, usually impressed medially.
Ventral surface and legs more finely punctate, greenish always with a more
or less cupreous luster. Tip of abdomen variable, either broadly rounded or
sinuate each side with angle slightly prominent or truncate. Length 15-19 mm.

Records. — Quincy, June 10 (Radcliffe) ; Weed, August (Chamber-
lin) ; Tulare County; St. Helena, Napa County, June, July (Fuchs) ;
McCloud, July 2 (Van Dyke) ; Santa Clara County; California.
Seattle, June 10 (Fernecke) ; Tacoma, JtHy i (Fernecke) ; Port
Townsend (Seaton) ; Washington. Cascade, June 31; Dilley; Cor-
vallis, April 20 (Chamberlin) ; Oregon. Senator, in mts., July;
Arizona. Manitou, June 28 (Skinner); Sierra Nevada; Colorado.
Atalanta; Idaho. Gallinas Canon (Snow); Beulah (Cockerell)
(Beyer) ; New Mexico. Montana. So. Dakota. Nevada.
Wandamere, Salt Lake City, May 18 (Sasko) ; Utah. Alberta
(Schaeffer); Beaver Mouth, B. C, July 14; Golden, B. C, August;
Victoria, B. C, July 17; Kamloops, B. C. ; Manitoba; Sitkha, Stikino
River, B. C. ? (Hamilton); Vancouver Island; Telegraph Creek, B.
C. ; Hudson Bay; Beaverfoot Range, Rocky Mts.; Winnipeg (Bell);
Beren's River, Man., August, Peachland, B. C, July ; Canada.

Dug from Douglas fir (Van Dyke). Probably breeds in yellow
pine; often seen on bright green foliage of poplar and willow (Cham-

June, 191S.] NiCOLAY & WeiSS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 105

berlin). Although strictly a western variety, this has in common
with others, a wide range from north to south. The pigment of the
elytra is extremely variable and this together with the difiference in
size and sinuations of the elytra and thorax has unfortunately been
the cause of the numerous new names recently erected by Casey.
The same peculiarities in sexes exist here as in fasciafa. The males
of fasciata and langi are sometimes indistinguishable, but in the
females, the difference in elytral sculpture and shine will readily
separate the two.

List of Species.
Buprestis Linne, 60-408.

Ancylocheira Eschscholtz, 29-8.
Anoplis Kirby, 37-151.

B. aurulenta Linne, 6/-661.

lanta (Le Conte), 54-17.

radians (Le Conte), 54-17.

villosa (Le Conte), 73-331.

cemula Casey, 09-121.

tacomcc Casey, 09-121.

nupta Casey, 09-121.

venusta Casey, 09-122.

prosper a Casey, 09-122.

affinis Casey, 09-123.

adtilans Casey, 09-123.
B. adjecta (Le Conte), 54-17.

brcvis Casey, 09-117.

iiitricafa Casey, 09-118.
B. sulcicollis (Le Conte), 59-208.

lateralis Casey, 09-119.
B. striata Fabricius, ys-^^y.

obscura Casey, 09-125.
V. impedita Say, 36-160.

canadensis Casey, 09-124,
B. apricans Herbst, 01-125.

nigricornis (Sturm), 26-105.

bosci Castelnau & Gory, 37-
146.

cribripeniiis Casey, 09-127.
B. decora (Fabricius), 75-217.
B. salisburyensis (Herbst), 01-
174.

nltramariua Say, 36-160.
B. maculativentris Say, 24-272.

sexnotata Castelnau & Gory,
37-129.

maculiventris G.&H., 69-1378.

Iccontci Saunders, 71-40.
V. rusticorum (Kirby), 37-151.

paganorum (Kirby), 37-152.

acomana Casey, 09-100.

morosa Casey, 09-101.

fusca Casey, 09-101.

sub livid a Casey, 09-102.

caliginosa Casey, 09-102.

nigricans Casey, 09-102.

lyrata Casey, 09-103.

addiicta Casey, 09-103.
V. subornata (Le Conte), 59-208.

nibronotans Casey, 09-97.

adonea Casey, 09-97.

histrio Casey, 09-98.

106

Journal New York Entomological Society.

[ \-ol. XXVI.

puiictivcntris Casey, 09-99.

violescens Casey, 09-99.
B. maculipennis Gory, 40-119.

iiicoiistans Mclsheimer, 46-
146.

dcficicns Casey, 09-90,

fusiformis Casey, 09-91.

scripta Casey, 09-91.

rcdiicta Casey, 09-92.

Icporina Casey, 09-92.
B. lineata Fabricius, 75-217.
V. davisi nov. var,
B. nuttalli (Kirby), 37-152.
V. alternans (Le Conte), 59-207.

conicicaiida Casey, 09-93.

diriiptans Casey, 09-94.

contorta Casey, 09-94.

gravidiila Casey, 09-95.

torva Casey, 09-95.

hoiddcrcnsis Casey, 09-96.
V. consularis Gory, 40-120.

flavopicta Casey, 09-96.
B. Iseviventris (Le Conte), 57-43.

piigelana Casey, 09-94.
B. confluenta Say, 23-159.

coiifliicjis ( Le Conte), 59-206.

tessellata Casey, 09-104.
B. rufipes (Olivier), 90-16.

virens J Casey, 09-105.

elongata Casey, 09-105.
B. viridisuturalis nov. sp.
B. gibbsi (Le Conte), 57-42.
B. connexa Horn, 75-148.
B. fasciata (Fab.), 87-177.

sexmaculata Herbst, 01-163.

Iherminieri Chevrolat, 38-68.

scxplagiata J^ (Le Conte), 59-
205.

fidgens Casey, 09-106.

fortunata Casey, 09-T07.

saturafa Casey, 09-114.
V. langi (Mannerheim), 43-237.

oriiata Walker, 66-324.

bistrinotata Casey, 09-108.

angusta Casey, 09-108.

callida Casey, 09-109.

fastidiosa Casey, 09-109.

mcdiocris Casey, 09-109.

crcnata J* Casey, 09-110.

scditlosa Casey, 09-110.

Icz'iccps Casey, 09-110.

dcprcssa Casey, 09-111.

viridimicans Casey, 09-11 1.

incohimis Casey, 09-112.

orcgona Casey, 09-112.

obliqua Casey, 09-113.

patruclis Casey, 09-113.

graiiiiiica Casey, 09-114.

List of the North American Fossil Species of Buprestis.

B. florissantensis Wickham
B. saxigena Scudder

Florissant, Colo. (Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zo51., vol. LVIII, No. II," 1914).

Nicola River, B. C. (Rept.

Geol. Survey Can., il

-8).

B. sepulta Scudder Nicola River, B. C. (Rept.

Geol. Survey Can., 1877-8).

4 Kindly furnished by Prof. H. F. Wickham.

Progr.
Progr.

June, I9i8.] NiCOLAY & WeiSS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 107

B. scudderi Wickham Florissant, Colo. (Bull, Mus. Comp.

Zo51.,, vol. LVIII, No. II, 1914).
B. tertiaria Scudder Nicola River, B. C. (Rept. Progr.

Geol. Survey Can.. 1877-8).

Additional Notes.

Viridtihi Oliv., 90-27, is a Philippine species placed in the genus
HoplotriiicJuis b}- Kerremans.

Bibliography.

Bethune, 1871, Can. Ent., Ill, p. 230.
Blanchard, 1889, Ent. Amer., Vol. 5, p. 29.
Blatchley, Coleoptera of Indiana.
Bowditch, 1896, Psyche, VII, Suppl. 11, p. 6.
Burke, 1909, Yearbook U. S. Dept. Agric, p. 399.

191 7, Bull. 437, U. S. Dept. Agric.

1917, Jour. Econ. Ent., Vol. 10, No. 3.

191S, Jour. Econ. Ent., Vol. 11.
Casey, 1909, Studies in Amer. Bup. (Proc. Wash. Ac. Sci., XI).
Castelnau & Gory, 1837, Mon. Bup., Vol. i.

1840, Mon. Bup., Vol. 4.
Chagnon, 1917, Preliminary List Ins. Quebec.
Charaberlin, 191 7, Ent. News, Vol. 28, p. 129.
Chevrolat, 1838, Silb. Rev. Ent., Vol. 5.
Chittenden, 1889, Ent. Amer., Vol. 5, p. 217.
Cockerell. (See Fall & Cockerell.)

1898, N. Mex. Bull. 28.
Crotch, 1893, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XXV, p. 88.
Eschscholtz, 1829, Zool. Atlas i.
Fabre, 191 3, Insect Life.
Fabricius, 1775, Syst. Ent.

1787, Mant. Ins., Vol. i.
Fall, 1895, Ent. News, V, p. 98.

Fall & Cockerell, 1907, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. 33, p. 179.
Felt, 1906, N. Y. State Mus. Mem., 8, 1906.
Fitch, 1858, 4th Rept. Noxious and Other Ins., N. Y.
Fletcher, 1878, An. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., 1878-9, p. 46.
Frost, 1912, Can. Ent., XLIV, p. 305.
Garnett, 1918, An. Ent. Soc. Amer., Vol. XI, p. 90.
Gemminger and Harold, 1869, Catalogus Coleopt., Vol. V.
Gibson, 1910, An. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., p. 114.

191S, 45th Rept., p. 137.
Glover, 1S69, U. S. Dept. Agric. Rept., p. 91.

108 Journal New York Entomological Society, tvoi. xxvi.

Gory. (See Castelnau & Gory.)

Hamilton, 1894, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. 21, Jan.

1895, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. 22, Oct.

1894, Ent. News, IV, p. 187.
Harrington, 1879, Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., p. 30.

1884, Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., p. 16.

1890, Canad. Ent., XXII, p. 159.

1890, 20th Rept., p. 51.
Harris, 1862, Treatise on Insects Inju. to Vegetation.
Herbst, 1801, Col., Vol. 9-
Hopkins, 1893, W. Va. Bull., XXXII, p. 181.

1904, Bur. Ent. Bull., XL, p. 39.
Horn, 187s, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. 5.
Huguenin, 1915, Ent. News, XXVI, p. 364.
Kerremans, 1903, Genera Insectorum, Fas. XII.
Kirby, 1885, Text Book of Ent.

1837, Fauna Boreal Amer., Vol. 4.
Kiviat, 1915, Ent. News, XXVI, p. 237.
Knaus, 1903, Ent. News, XIV, p. 175.
Le Conte, 1854, Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Vol. 7.

1859, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, Vol. XI (Rev. Bupres. U. S.).

1857, Report of Pacific Exploration.

1873, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.
Linne, 1760, Sys. Nat. (ed. 10).

1767, Sys. Nat. (ed. 12).
Lintner, 1894, loth Rept., p. 516.
Lugger, 1884, Psyche, IV, p. 203.
Manee, 1913, Ent. News, Vol. 24, p. 167.
Mannerheim, 1843, Bull. Soc. Mosc.
Melsheimer, 1846, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Vol. 2.
Nicolay, 1917, Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc, Vol. 12, p. 92.
Olivier, 1790, Ent., Vol. 2, Gen. 32.
Packard, 1890, Fifth Rept. U. S. Ent. Com.

1877, Am. Nat., XI, p. 22.

1878, Guide to Study of Insects.
Pettit, 1870, Can. Ent., II, p. 102.

Say, 1823, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Vol. 3.

1824, Long Expedition, Am. Ent., II, p. 60.
Saunders, 1871, Cat. Buprestidse.

1883, Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., 1883-4, PP- 52-9-
Schwarz, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, Vol. 2-j, loi, 22.
Scudder, 1890, Fossil Ins. of N. A., Vol. II.

1877-8, Rept. Progr. Geol. Survey Can.
Sharp, 1909, Cambridge Nat. His., Vol. II, part 2.
Skinner, 1902, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc, XXIX, p. 40.
Slosson, 1892, Ent. News, p. 6.

Joiirn. X. Y. Ent. Soc.

Vol. XXVI. PL V.

Buprestis.

Joiirn. N. Y. Ent. Soc.

Vol. XXVI. PL VI.

Buprestis.

June, 19:8.] NlCOLAY & WeISS : BuPRESTIS IN NORTH AMERICA. 109

Smith, 1909, State Mus. Rept. Ins. X. J.

Sturm, 1826, Cat. Ins. Sam.

Tolman, 1888, Ins. Life, I, p. 343-

Watson, 191 1, Nat. Resources of N. Mexico, p. 73.

Walker, 1866, Nat. Van. Couv., Vol. 2.

Wenzel, 1908, Ent. News, XIX, p. 343.

1910, Ent. News, p. 259.

1909, Ent. News, XX, p. 45.
Wickham, 1894, Ent. News, IV, p. 2.

1899, Ent. XTews,.X, p. 7.

1909, Iowa Lab. Nat. His., Bull. VI, p. 23.

1914, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Vol. LVIII, No. 11, p. 43S.
Woodworth, 1913, Guide Calif. Ins., p. 195.
Wright, 1908, Ent. News, XIX, p. 67.

Acknowledgments.

To Mr. C. W. Leng, Mr. Chas. Schaeffer, Dr. E. C. Van Dyke,
Mr. C. A. Frost and Mr. H. E. Burke we are especially indebted for
valuable help and assistance in the preparation of this paper. Our
thanks are also due Mr. A. J. Mutchler, who through the courtesy of
Dr. F. E. Lutz allowed us to see the material in the American
Museum of Natural History, to Dr. Henry Skinner for placing the
Horn collection at our disposal, to Mr. Schaeffer for similar courtesies
in connection with the collection at the Brooklyn Museum, to Messrs.
Schwarz and Barber in connection with the National Museum col-
lection and to Mr. W. J. Gerhard for sending us the records in the
Field Museum.

For locality records and other help we take pleasure in express-
ing our thanks to Prof. H. F. Wickham, Mr. W. S. Fisher, Mr. Chas.
Dury, Mr. W. T. Davis, Mr. J. N. Knull, Mr. H. Hornig, Mr. Geo.
M. Greene, Mr. E. Liljeblad, Mr. A. B. Wolcott, Mr. E. Shoemaker.
Mr, Howard Notman, Mr. W. J. Chamberlin, Prof. W. Lochhead,
Mr. G. Chagnon, Mr. J. B. Wallis, Mr. F. S. Carr, Prof. E. M.
Walker and INIr. Gilbert Arrow of the British Museum.

Plate I.
Figs. I and 2. B. iiiaculipciniis.
Figs. 3 and 4. B. Uncata.
Figs. 5 and 6. B. Uncata var. davisi.

Plate II.
Fig. I. B. z'iridisutnralis n. sp. male.
Fig. 2. B. viridisuturalis n. sp. female.

110 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xxvi.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Cicindelidse of Chile. — Seiior Eduardo Varas Arangua, an officer
of the Chilean Navy, whose address is casilla 1142, Valparaiso, Chile,
has sent me the following notes on Chilean Cicindelidse. Five species
only are found in this country (a statement confirmed by Dr. Walther
Horn's work in Genera Insectorum) as follows:
Cicindela trifasciata, subsp. peruviana Cast.
Cicindela chilensis Br. Found from Coquimbo to Valdivia, in the

mountainous region, extending to the coast only at Concepcion

al Sur.
Cicindela gormazi Reed. Southern Chile.
Tetracha Carolina, subsp. chilensis Cast. Northern Chile.
Tetracha Carolina, subsp. latreillei Cast. Northern Chile.
Pycnochila fallaciosa (Chev.). Southern Chile.
All except C. cliilciisis are of very restricted distribution. — C. W.

Leng.

A Note on Cremastochilus. — Whatever may be the basis of the
association which subsists between beetles of this genus and ants, the
fact that such association is desired not only by the ants, which have
often been observed dragging their unresisting " captives " to their
nests, but is actively sought by the beetles themselves, seemed to me
clearly indicated by an occurrence which fell under my observation
this spring.

On May 5, 1918, a warm sunny day on which nuptial flights were
generally prevalent, I stood on the summit of a ridge near Greenwood
Lake, N. J., watching the struggles of several Euphoria iiida which
were beset by hordes of Formica cxscctoidcs, on whose high heaped
home these blundering beetles floundered. Presently a Cremasto-
chilus appeared flying rapidly, and upon reaching the vicinity of the
ants' nest began circling about it in ever-diminishing circles, and
continually lower, until when about ten inches from the surface it
closed its wings and dropped on to the heap. It was immediately
seized by three or four ants, and without oflfering any resistance
suffered itself to be dragged about more or less aimlessly, but on the
whole upward and away from the margin of the nest. In a minute

June, 19 1 8.] MISCELLANEOUS NoTES. Ill

another one appeared, and then another, each repeating above the
ant hill the circling flight performed by the one first noted, finally
dropping on to its sloping sides and undergoing a like capture. In a
few minutes I had deprived the ants of this hill of seven specimens,
and there were several other hills in the immediate neighborhood
which were receiving their quota and supplying the cyanide bottles
of my companions, Messrs. Wm. T. Davis and Ernest Shoemaker.
The conclusion seems irresistible that the beetles in this instance
deliberately sought the nest of the ants, with the purpose, presum-
ably, of enjoying the association for which the genus is famed.

The species taken thus were C. variolosus, Kirby, C. canaliculatus
Kirby, and C. castanccr Knoch, the latter predominating in numbers.
— Lewis B. Woodruff.

The Moth Anacampsis innocuella at Cold Spring, Long Island,

N. Y. — On June 21, 1917. twenty-nine curled leaves, each one con-
taining a larva or pupa, were found under a single tree of Populus
grandidcntata at Cold Spring, Long Island. The larva when ready
to pupate had apparently severed the leaf from the tree by cutting
the petiole quite close to the blade, thus causing the leaf and itself
to fall to the ground. The petiole was usually cut obliquely and
about three millimeters from the blade.

]Mr. Frank E. Watson has kindly compared the moths which
emerged from these curled leaves in early July with allied species in
the collection of the American ]\luseum of Natural History and
with the description, and identifies the insect as Anacampsis innocuella
Zeller, of the family Gelechiidae. The species is reported in Dyar's
List of Lepidoptera, 1902, from Colorado and Texas, and in the
Proceedings of the U. S. Nat. Museum, Vol. XXV, p. 406, the same
author states : " The larvx occurred as leaf rollers on the broad-
leaved Cottonwood (Populus frcniontii ivislezeni) at Denver. The
leaf is neatly rolled to several turns, forming a remote spiral, held
with cross bands of silk throughout. The end is open, and the larva
can be seen in the center. Sometimes several leaves are involved."

In the Proceedings of the U. S. Nat. Museum, Vol. XXV, pp. 767-
938, 1903, Mr. August Busck gives a revision of the American moths
of the family Gelechiidae, and says of A. innoctiella that it closely
resembles the European A. populella, and continues: "In the National

112 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'°'- >^-^vi.

Museum is a series, identical wtih the types, bred from leaves of
Cottonwood received from Wyoming; also a large series bred from
Cottonwood in Colorado by Dr. Dyar. The larva rolls the leaves in
the same fashion as does the European populclla. Zeller's types are
from Texas."

In the New Jersey List, 1910, W. D. Kearfott reports the insect
from Essex County, larvae in " curled leaves of poplar, not rare."

None of these authors report the curled leaves lying on the ground
under the tree, as at Cold Spring, which may have been an unusual
occurrence and due to the effect of some particularly vigorous summer
breeze. — Wm. T. Davis.

BOOK NOTICE.

A Year of Costa Rican Natural History. By Amelia Smith Cal-
vert and Philip Powell Calvert. Octavo, pp. 577, with numer-
ous half tone illustrations and map. The Macmillan Co., New
York, 1 91 7. Price $3.00.

This is a book of details and is carefully written. There is rarely
an animal or a plant mentioned that is not accompanied by at least
a short description of its more striking features. The accounts of
plants are particularly numerous, and many of the illustrations are of
interesting trees and flowers. A systematic list of plants and animals
mentioned, occupies twelve pages near the end of the volume, and
the list of Odonata is no doubt most complete, as that order received
considerable attention among insects. There is a list of literature
relating to the natural history of Costa Rica; also a list of the papers
based in whole or in part on the collections made by the authors
during their journey. The features of the country are described
with much care, and the different localities compared. This is also
very useful, for there have been but few naturalists or observers who
have given sufficient details to satisfy future generations. Every
country changes gradually, the forests often disappear, even some of
the insects become extinct, and we can well imagine the lasting
interest that will be taken in the natural history of Costa Rica as it
was in the davs of the Calverts. — W. T. D.

i9i8.] Proceedings of the Society. 113

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMO-
LOGICAL SOCIETY.

Meeting of November 26.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held No-
vember 26, 1917, at 8:15 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural History;
President Harry G. Barber in the chair with nineteen members and four
visitors, including Mr. Fred Muir, Entomologist of the Sugar Planters' Asso-
ciation of Hawaii, present.

The Secretary read notices of the death of Mr. Wm. D. Kearfott and
Charles Palm which will be printed in the Journal, and was instructed to send
letters of regret to their respective families.

Mr. Davis presented photographs for the Album of several entomologists
in the field.

The President called upon Mr. Muir to speak of his experiences in dis-
tant parts of the world. Mr. Muir said that in view of the length of the
regular program he would speak briefly of the Hawaiian Islands, which he
considered isolated oceanic islands to which during a tremendously long time
the flotsam and jetsam of ocean drift had brought a few forms of vegetable
and animal life from which have since been evolved the numerous species
that in a few tribes only now characterize its flora and fauna. It is note-
worthy that in this evolution no degree of adaptation is exhibited, species
have gone on forming regardless of adaptation.

The peculiar simplicity of the biological conditions with known factors
make these islands the finest center for the study of evolution, which is also
encouraged by the existence of the Bishop Museum. From an economic point
of view, it may be said that introduced insects, from the absence of their
parasites, are liable to play an important role. As an example, a leaf hopper
damaged the sugar crop $5,000,000 in a year; but the introduction of an tgg
parasite from Fiji reduced this to $15,000. The absence of secondary para-
sites has caused such introductions of parasites to be attended with unusual
success. Other instances have been the introduction of a Tachinid fly from
New Guinea to combat a Rhynchophorous beetle, whereby a gain of 15 per
cent, has been effected ; and of Scolia manilcE to combat Anomala orientalis,
whose grubs do much damage to the roots of sugar cane. 300 Scolias were
introduced and have now increased to millions, having no parasites to reduce
their spread.

Mr. Muir also referred to some of the insects conspicuous by their ab-
sence, there are for instance no indigenous Lamellicorn beetles, no Photoph-
agous beetles, no Cicindelidas, just as in plants there is a total absence of
coniferous trees ; and said that he considered such absence an evidence of the
islands having always been an isolated area without connection with any con-
tinent. Nothing has got there by walking or flying and everything that has
reached Hawaii could ha\e done so by ocean drift.

114 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

Mr. Davis exhibited the list of New York State Lepidoptera by Dr.
Forbes and spoke on " Some Interesting Cicadas." His remarks were illus-
trated by distribution maps and eight large boxes of specimens, containing
i6 species of Cicadas from Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, collected in the
summer of 1917 by Mr. Harry H. Knight and Dr. Joseph Bequaert of the
Cornell Biological Expedition. An account of these insects was published in
the December, 19 17, number of the Journal. He also exhibited four species
of Cicadas collected in the early part of 1917 by Mr. E. B. Williamson, of
Bluffton, Indiana, along the Magdalena River in Colombia, S. A., and two
species collected at Suretka, Costa Rica, by Mr. Alanson Skinner and Mrs.
Skinner, in April, 191 7. In the collection made by Williamson Proarna in-
signis Dist. were represented by 127 females and but 2 males. Many of these
came to light. Mr. Skinner had a like experience at light, collecting 54
females and but one male of Proarna championi. A box of miscellaneous
insects collected in Costa Rica by Mr. Skinner was also shown.

Mr. Sherman, under the title " Entomological Literature " exhibited many
rare old books among which were the

F. V. Melsheimer Catalogue of 1806,

Say's American Entomology of 181 7 and 1824,

Say's Descriptions of New Species of 1829,

Catalogue of Animals and Plants of Mass. of 1835,

Provancher's Coleoptera of Canada,

Lepidoptera Cubana of Gundlach, 18S1.

All of these were copies of unusual interest from their excellent condition
and accompanying autographs and letters of Say, Gravenhorst, Harris,
Edwards and others. Peal's original portrait of Say was also included.

Mr. Sherman gave an interesting account of the causes that make such
books valuable, primarily their intrinsic merit, leading to a demand for them,
then their date, the destruction of copies by fire or constant use, the original
small edition published, sometimes their status as part of a series, giving
examples of each class. He referred to the presidential address by Mr.
Schwarz (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., II, 1891) as an excellent presentation of
the facts respecting the earliest American literature, and spoke of the expe-
dients, such as photographing pages needed, reprints, as of Kirby's and Say's
works, for supplying demand for some of special importance, and said the
value of certain books, of which few copies were available though their merit
made their acquisition imperative, like Packard's sth Report and LeConte's
Classification, was rapidly advancing.

Mr. Dow mentioned a list of insects in the History of New Hampshire
which from its early date deserved a place in Mr. Sherman's list.

Mr. Woodruff after speaking of Mr. Williamson's illness in Pittsburgh
gave " Notes on Some Local Dragon Flies " illustrated by specimens. He
called attention to the uncertainty with respect to the identity of the nymph of
Lanthus albistylus Hagen, and the fact that in Muttkowski's Catalogue nota-
tion is made that the nymph is unknown. After presenting such evidence as
was available, he offered as his conclusion that Hagen had himself described

June, 191S.] Proceedings of the Society. 115

this nymph in 1885, under what he supposed to be Tachoftcryx thoreyi. He
also exhibited to the Society cxuvia of an undoubted nymph of the species in
question, which he had taken and reared the past summer at Litchfield, Conn.

In the course of general comments with respect to the distribution of
various species of the Agrionidx, he particularly referred to Enallagiiia
pisciuarium Williamson, which has a very local distribution, of which a con-
siderable colony thrives at Lakehurst, N. J. He also called attention to the
comparatively brief period of the life of the imago of this species and of
Euallagma recitrvatnm, also found at Lakehurst, N. J., as recorded by Mr.
Davis in his original description, the period of flight of each at that locality
being substantially confined to the last three weeks of June.

Mr. Davis said there were now 122 species in the Local List.

Mr. Leng exhibited Gonotropis gibbosus Lee, collected on dead hemlock
at Peterborough, Ont., in July, by Mr. Frank R. Morris.

Mr. Burns exhibited Miitilla occidcnlalis collected at Fort Wadsworth,
Staten Island, August 11, 1917, and commented upon its being apparently con-
fined to that part of the island.

Mr. Davis exhibited a cartoon by Burrill illustrating the farmer's diffi-
culties in combating insect pests.

Meeting of December 4.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held De-
cember 4, 1917, at 8:15 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural History,.
President Harry G. Barber in the chair, with 23 members and three visitors
present.

Letters from Miss Rosa C. Palm, thanking the Society for its action
respecting the death of Charles Palm and enclosing his photograph, and froni.
the associates of the late Wm. D. Kearfott were received.

Mr. Davis read an obituary notice of Chas. E. Sleight that he had pre-
pared for the Journal.

Mr. Davis exhibited Bull. 391, C. U. Agl. Exp. Sta., containing "Revision
of Genus Lygus " by Harry H. Knight and subnaittcd for publication in the
Journal a " Key to subfamilies of Miridse " by the same author.

Mr. Mutchler exhibited two boxes of Lycidse and described "Some Pe-
culiar Structures in West Indian Lycidas," consisting of processes projecting
from the abdomen of two undescribed species of Thonalmus, found in the
island of Montserrat by the late H. G. Hubbard. They occur only in the
female and only in the Montserrat species, issuing from the sides of the
third segment as pubescent peduncles and terminating in enlarged punctulate
lobes. The form of the lobe differs in the species. The margin of the second
segment in these species is emarginate laterally opposite the processes. Mr.
Mutchler also pointed out that throughout the genus Thonalmus a correspond-
ence between the characters of the species and their distribution can be
traced, those of the Greater Antilles being red and blue, the remainder
orange and blue in color, the described species of Jamaica having acuminate

116 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

scutelluni, the remainder siibquadrate scutellum, those of Hispaniola only
forming crests apically from the clytral costs, those of other islands more
feebly developed in that respect. Some African Lycidse with subhumeral
spines were also shown. The peculiar abdominal structures were also ex-
hibited in enlarged drawings made by Mr. Olsen and were discussed by Dr.
Bequaert and Mr. Schaeffer, both of whom disclaimed any knowledge of
homologous structures, and by Dr. Lutz, who said that search of the litera-
ture had so far failed to disclose anything similar. Dr. Bequaert said they
might possibly be scent organs and Mr. Davis called attention to certain
auricular appendages in male dragonflies as being distantly similar.

Mr. Schaeffer exhibited all the known species of Amblychelia of the United
States reviewing the previous disputes respecting certain forms and giving as
his opinion the following list of species, varieties and synonyms :

A. cylindriformis Say.

ssp. piccolomini Reiche.

A. baroni Rivers.
enodis Casey,
var. longipes Casey.

A. schwarzi W. Horn.

Mr. Schaeffer also recorded the following additions to the known distribu-
tion of Cicindelidc-e, viz. : Cicindela striga, St. Petersburg, Fla., collected at
light by Mr. J. Doll. Cicmdela deccmnotata, Alaska, received from Mr. B.
Preston Clark, and spoke of specimens of Cicindela arisoncc taken at the type
locality by Mr. Englehardt and of Cicindela parozvaua found by Mr. Engel-
liardt at a new locality in Utah.

His remarks were discussed by Mr. Harris and by Dr. Bequaert. On
reference to Merriam's favinal map it appeared that Amblycheila cylindriformis
-was confined to Sonoran regions, while the other species occurred in the
higher Transition regions or near their junction with the Sonoran. Dr.
Bequaert mentioned finding one specimen at light in July and another after
rain, but could not corroborate their abundance.

Mr. Barber read a paper on " Some Hemiptera from the Adirondack Mts.
collected by Mr. Notman," exhibiting a collection of 56 species of Heteroptera
from Keene Valley, Essex Co., N. Y. He mentioned the thoughtful generosity
of Mr. Notman in giving his time and attention to further the knowledge of
the distribution of insects of the State other than the Coleoptera, in which He
was especially interested. Comparison of the number of species was made
with the number of species listed in Smith's New Jersey List (409) and in
Parshley's List of New England (419)- Reference was also made to the
various lists of Hemiptera of similar regions in the northern United States.
Mr. Barber referred to the comment of Dr. Wm. L. Bray in the " Develop-
ment of the Vegetation of New York State," 1915, on the character and origin
of the flora and insect fauna of Keene Valley in the Adirondacks. Though
in the main the hemiptera fauna belonged to the Canadian Transition, the

June, igiS.] PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 117

northward trend of more southern and austral species could be explained on
the ground of a north and south cleft, which give rise to so-called " warm
pockets." Several strictly boreal forms were mentioned and others referred
to which were more southern in their occurrence.

Mr. Nicolay exhibited a part of his collection of exotic Buprestidae com-
prising the brilliant Julodini of southern Europe, Asia, Africa and Malay
Archipelago.

Mr. Leng called attention to an article in " Science " of November 9 by
Ralph C. Benedict, establishing again Tiucola bisellicla as the common clothes
moth of the vicinity, and giving results of treatment in storage warehouses;
also to Charles Dury's " Synopsis of Cisidse " in Journal Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
XXII, No. 2.

Meeting of December 18.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held on
December 18, 1917, at 8:00 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural His-
tory, President Harry G. Barber in the chair, with twenty members and four
visitors, including Lieut. W. J. Chamberlin, present.

Mr. C. William Beebe, N. Y. Zoological Park, was elected an active
member.

The date of both January meetings was, on motion, seconded arid carried,
postponed for one week each.

The President appointed as a Nominating Committee, Messrs. Dickerson,
Watson and Sherman.

Mr. C. H. Richardson read a paper " Comments on the Choice of Food by
Insects " in which the observed facts were summarized and analyzed. Dur-
ing the discussion that followed Mr. Richardson said that in Nevada he had
watched large Cicadas, start from the top of a sagebrush and an Asilid fly,
evidently prompted by the movement, start out and catch them ; but Mr. Davis
objected that in his wide experience in Cicada hunting he had never had
similar experience, the Cicada Killer in the East being guided neither by
sound or movement.

Dr. Bequaert, with the aid of blackboard tables and several boxes of
specimens, offered " Some Remarks on the Distribution of Wasps " which will
be printed in full in the Museum Bulletin.

Mr. Shoemaker read a paper on " Collecting in Big Indian Valley " illus-
trated by several boxes of the insects he caught, among which were so many
of northern distribution that Mr. Sherman said they looked like the wash-up
on the shores of Lake Superior; Mr. Shoemaker said in part that from Big
Indian Station on the D. & H. R. R. a road follows the valley to and beyond
Slide Mt., 4,200 ft. high, with some of the highest and wildest mountains of
the Catskill region rising on either side. He spent ten days in 1915 and the
week between July i and July 7, 19 17, at Johnson's farmhouse on this road,
collecting principally on the flowering shrubs by the roadside. The first trip

118 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxvi.

this year, on July i, will long be remembered, for only a few minutes after
opening the umbrella a couple of sharp whacks at a flowering tree brought no
less than four Anthophilax, one of which was nearly black, into the umbrella
besides a number of other beetles, elaters, longhorns, etc. Mr. Shoemaker
continued " I will not try to describe my feelings and anxiety to grab them
all at once, for all of you have doubtless had the same experience — suffice
it to say that not one of the four escaped me ; that trip decided my method of
collecting for the entire week and, with the exception of two dozen jars that
I planted for Cychrus (which yielded about 20 canadensis and one fiduits),
the daytime was spent beating into the umbrella, the nights in sugaring and
light collecting."

Mr. Dickerson corroborated the excellence of the region which offered
the best opportunity for collecting northern species near New York, and Mr.
Davis humorously objected that few, if any of us, had experienced the ex-
citement of seeing four live Anthophilax at once.

Mr. Davis exhibited two lots of Cicadas. From Dulzuras, San Diego Co.,
California, Professor Wm. S. Wright had sent his many specimens of
Okanagana vanduzeci. with varieties consobrina and californica, all collected
in June, 191 7. O. californica has often been considered a distinct species, but
is probably but a variety of vandiiseei, as first suggested by Mr. Van Duzee.
Twenty specimens of Tibicinoides cuprosparsa and three Clidophleps distanti
were also collected in June at Dulzura by Professor Wright.

The second lot of Cicadas were received from Mr. Morgan Hebard and
consisted of nine species, among them the beautiful Ugada nutti from Africa.
Of American species Tibicen rcsouans was represented by 22 individuals,
collected at Indian Rock Beach, Pinellas Co., Florida, September 17, 1917,
by Mr. Hebard and Mr. Rehn, who found the insects in great numbers in a
grove of small oaks. The males were in full song and the noise produced was
considerable. Owing to their fresh condition the specimens were very beau-
tiful and the pruinose spots on pronotum and tergum were present and
conspicuous.

Mr. Dow read a paper criticizing the methods of publication employed
by the owners of the " Lepidopterist " which will be published elsewhere.

Lieut. Chamberlain, upon invitation by the President, spoke of collecting
Buprestis connexa in the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon and northern
California, always in the vicinity of yellow pine, once by actually cutting it
out of the wood. Buprestis laiita appeared to have several host plants but
cedar was surely one.

In reply to a question by Mr. Dow, Lieut. Chamberlin said that his
personal experience in collecting Trachykele was limited to three specimens,
but from Mr. Hopping's information and other sources, he believed Incense
Cedar and Redwood were its food plants.

Mr. Sherman said he learned by letter from Col. Casey that no further
"Memoirs on the Coleoptera " would be published until the fall of 1918.

June, 1918.] Proceedings of the Society. 119

Meeting of January 8.

The annual meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8.00 P. M., January 8, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History.
President Harry G. Barber in the chair, with fifteen members and four
visitors present.

The Nominating Committee reported the following nominations for offi-
cers for 1918: President, Lewis B. Woodruff; Vice-President, Edward D.
Harris; Treasurer, William T. Davis; Secretary, Charles W. Leng ; Librarian,
Frank E. Watson; Curator, Andrew J. Mutchler; Executive Committee, R. P.
Dow, G. P. Engelhardt, H. B. Weiss, E. Shoemaker, H. Notman ; Publication
Committee, C. Schaeffer, F. E. Lutz, W. P. Comstock, John D. Sherman, Jr.;
Delegates to New York Academy, Wm. T. Davis. There being no further
nominations, the Secretary was instructed to cast an affirmative ballot for
the persons above named who were thereby elected.

Mr. Notman exhibited nine boxes of Adirondack Carabid;e including 169
species, all, with one exception, iiersonally collected, mounted and identified,
and called attention to the following as being apparently peculiar to high alti-
tudes and elevations :

Sphcprodcrus brcvoorti Lee. Maine, Canada, Lake Superior.

Loricera cccriilescens Linn. No. Eur., No. Asia.

Nebria sahlbergi Fisch. Alaska, Br. Col, Labrad., N. H.

Nomius pygmcciis Dej.

Bembidium nitidnni Kby. Can. to Pacific Coast.

Bembidium scopulinnm Kby. Labrador, Canada, N. H., N. Eng., N. Y.,
Mich., Man., Colo.

Bembidium oblonguliDii Mann. Canada, Maine, N. H., Vt., Mass., Ohio,
Mich., Alaska.

Patrobus septentrionis Dej. No. Eur. and Amer., Labr.

Pterostichus pnncfatissinnis Rand. Maine, L. Sup., Nfld., Mass., Canada.

Pterostichus (Cryobius) luidsonicus Lee. H. B. T., N. H., L. Sup.
(Alaska?).

Pterostichus (Cryobius) falinis Mann. Alaska.

Pterostichus {Cryobius) mandibularis Kby. Canada, Lat. 54.

Amara arenaria Lee. Canada, Maine, N. H., Mass., L. Sup.

Amara longula Zimm. Br. Col. to So. Cal.

Amara pallipes Kby. Can., L. Sup., Mt. Wash., Mass., N. J., la., Wis.

Amara polita Lee. L. Sup., Colo., Pa.

Calathus advena Lee. Canada, Alaska.

Platyuus deceptivus Lee. Nova Scotia, L. Sup.

Platynus 4-punctatus Deg. Alaska.

Miscodera arctica Payk. Scotland. Lapland, Newfoundland, Maine, Alaska.

Harpalus spadiceus Dej.

Harpalus sp. near laticeps Lee.

Stenolophus scitulus Csy. Philadelphia.

Tachycellus nigrinus Dej. Alaska.

TachyceUus tibialis Kby. Canada.

120 Journal New York Entomological Society.

[Vol. XXVI.

mentioning for each its distribution, as given above, outside the Adirondack
Mts. In reference to certain species Mr. Notman also added some interesting
information, Cryobius mandibtilaris being for instance found between 3,000
feet and the tree line, while Cryobius hudsonicus and fatiius were found only-
above the tree line, where in fact most of the boreal species listed occurred.
An exception, however, was Miscodera arctica of which two specimens were
found on the cement steps of the Club House in Keene Valley, about 1,000
ft. elevation. These steps were surrounded by grass and as Tachyccllus
nigriinis was invariably found flying over lawns and never under stones, the
two may have similar habits. Mr. Notman also mentioned that in identifying
his Adirondack Carabidse by original descriptions, he was forced to dissent
with some published synonymy. Tachycellus tibialis Kby. was certainly not
synonymous with nigrinus, nor Stenoloplnis scituhis Casey with conjunctus
Say. The Miscodera of the Adirondacks looked also very different to the
European specimens and the name insignis applied by Mannerheim to Alaska
specimens should probably be reinstated ; or possibly the name hardyi given
by Chaudoir to Newfoundland species.

In the discussion that followed Messrs. Barber, Sherman and Leng re-
ferred to similar species occurring in Maine, Labrador and Newfoundland,
adding some of the distribution data included above.

Mr. Weiss read a paper on " Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, the European Mole
Cricket," which will be printed elsewhere. It was illustrated by specimens
of all stages from egg to adult and photographs and was discussed, especially
in comparison with native mole crickets, by Messrs. Davis, Barber, Engel-
hardt and Richardson.

Mr. Dow, after reading an entomological poem by Sir Joseph Banks, read
his own paper, entitled "How Long Does an Insect Live?" in which the
great difference between the adult life of mayfles, beetles like Meloe, etc.,
was contrasted with the prolonged adult and larval existence of certain wood-
boring species.

In the discussion that followed, other instances of long larval existence
were recalled, Lieut. Chamberlin in particular giving one of Bnprestis latita
emerging after sixteen years from the door-jamb of a house in Oregon.

Mr. Dow also exhibited correspondence with S. E. Cassino regarding the
" Lepidopterist."

Mr. Sherman gave some facts regarding the sale of Dr. Leconte's books
and letters from the widow of Thomas Say. Mr. Davis recorded that she
had lived on Staten Island in 1880.

Mr. Engelhardt exhibited Cicindela parozvana Wickh. taken at Iron
Spring, Iron Co., southwest Utah, 5.500 ft. elevation, July 20, 1917, on sandy
soil covered by sparse grass, near a small reservoir, the water of which was
heavily impregnated, and said that this locality was 25 miles southwest from
Lake Parowan, the type locality, and that doubtless it occurred in suitable
places throughout the Parowan Valley and possibly even to Shirt's Lake ; but
that none were found on bare sandy ground.

June, 1918.] Proceedings of the Society. 121

Mr. Davis, after pointing out that the boxes exhibited were probably part
of those used by Dr. George H. Horn, and therefore parent of the Schmidt
boxes, exhibited 26 Cicadas collected in July, August and September, 19 17,
by Mr. M. R. Harrington, at Hot Springs, Arkansas, and pointed out how
clearly it was shown by the species represented, that nearly the same natural
conditions appertained as in southern New Jersey and surrounding country.
The species represented were the following: Tihiccn pruinosa Say, 17 speci-
mens; Tibicen linnei S. & G., two; Tibicen sayi S. & G., one; Tibiccn lyricen
DeGeer, four; Tibiccn davisi S. & G., one; Tibicen auletes Germ., one.

Meeting of February 5.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held Feb-
ruary s, 1918, at 8:00 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural History,
President Lewis B. Woodruff in the chair, with twelve members present.

Mr. E. L. Bell, 438 Amity St., Flushing, N. Y., was proposed for active
membership by -Mr. Watson.

The President appointed Messrs. Bequaert and Nicolay on Field Com-
mittee and Messrs. Wiegmann and Notman on Auditing Committee.

Mr. Leng exhibited Microclytus gasellttla and M. gibbula, two longhorn
beetles of similar appearance, and read a correction of previously announced
synonymy ; together with a paper by Frank R. Morris, of Peterboro, Ont.,
explaining how the error had occurred and had been detected.

Mr. Nicolay exhibited a complete collection of the species of the genus
Buprestis, reviewing its history, larval characters and taxonomy. It was note-
worthy that Burke, from study of the larvas, had proposed to divide the genus
into three sections, which course had also been suggested by Casey, from
study of adult characters.

Dr. Avinoff on invitation exhibited a box of rare Rhopalocera, Anthocaris
orientalis, from Banff, Alberta, indistinguishable from the Siberian species,
Argynnis from Alaska, Papilio machaon, Alaska variety and many species of
Parnassius, remarking that the occurrence of Palsearctic forms in the northern
parts of Aiherica was of much interest.

Mr. Weiss exhibited Idiocerus scitrra Germ, a leaf hopper, of which he
gave briefly the life history.

Mr. Davis exhibited " Fieldbook of Insects " just published by Dr. Lutz.

Mr. Leng exhibited " Color and Color-Pattern Mechanism of Tiger
Beetles " by Victor E. Shelford.

Mr. Dow mentioned that C. W. Howard, Canton Christian College, Can-
ton, China, was prepared to supply Chinese insects to those interested.

Mr. Davis exhibited four species of Cicada, hieroglyphica, pruinosa,
lyricen and auletes, collected by A. E. Brower near Willard, Missouri, and
read extracts from Mr. Brower's letters in reference to their being taken by
yellow-billed cuckoo, as follows :

" I found three or four species to be common this season, but found my-
self unable to compete with the yellow-billed cuckoo in securing them." —
From letter of A. E. Brower, Willard, Mo., December 9, 1917.

122 Journal New York Entomological Society, ["^'o'- xxvi.

Referring to a Tibicen aulctes with part of its thorax eaten, Mr. Brower
writes under date of January 30, 1918, " Yes, I rescued the specimen of
Tibicen aiiletes from a cuckoo and I have seen them chase many specimens
and eat some. I spent the month of August and early September in the hills
and both the Cicadas and the yellow-billed cuckoo were common. The
cuckoo is usually shy, but when after a Cicada it is not so, as I have often
thrown rocks at them to chase them away. I have seen them listen to the
Cicada singing for a moment, and then fly to the tree and begin an immediate
search for the insect, and the Cicadas certainly dread the presence of the
Cuckoo.

Meeting of February 19.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held Feb-
ruary 19, 1918, at 8:00 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural History,
President Lewis B. Woodruff in the chair, with seventeen members and five
visitors present, including Dr. Avinoflf of Russia.

Mr. E. L. Bell, 438 Amity St., Flushing, N. Y., was elected an active
member of the -Society.

Mr. Olsen read a paper on '" Collecting at Woods Hole, Mass.," illustrated
by photographs of the locality and several boxes of specimens. After de-
scribing the physical characteristics of the boulder-stream coast and adjoining
marsh and woodland, and the equipment of the Marine Biological Laboratory,
Mr. Olsen spoke of the Hemiptera captured, of which a list is appended to
the original minutes.

Dr. Avinoff, after exhibiting 100 original colored plates by John Abbott,
spoke of the " Boundary of the Paljearctic Region as illustrated by the Dis-
tribution of Rhopalocera " saying in part that precision in zoogeography was
best attained by studying the distribution of species, being careful, however,
to note the territory in which the species was abundant as opposed to that in
which it was occasional. By combining such studies for many species, certain
regions and subregions might be delimited, each surrounded by an additional
area in which its influence was appreciable. Dr. Avinoff exhibited a number
of maps on which the distribution of individual species of Rhopalocera had
been indicated and a map of the Palsearctic Region with its boundaries ascer-
tained from the combined distribution data. On this map a Transition area,
in which the Palaearctic influence was appreciable but not dominant, was ex-
cluded ; and in a general way it was found to coincide better with the early
ideas of Wallace than with the recent map of Dr. Pagenstecher. Dr. Avinoft'
regarded the Chinese subregion as a part of the Indo-Malayan, and the Arabian
as a modification of the African, rather than of the Palaearctic, though in
both the Palsearctic influence could be traced.

The area of dispersion outside a province often results in its influence
being superimposed upon the indigenous fauna, so that in Turkestan, for in-
stance, two such areas of dispersion can be traced in one place.

Touching the American Fauna Dr. Avinoflf said the Palaearctic influence

June, 1918.] Proceedings of the Society. 123

in its northern parts was evidently very great, so that the study of Siberian
species became essential, especially that part of Siberia extending from Lake
Baikal and the Altai Mts. eastward to the Paciiic, of which the fauna was
closely allied to ours.

His remarks were discussed by Dr. Lutz and Dr. Bequaert, the latter say-
ing that the new method of fixing limits was very interesting and in northern
Africa its results were corroborated by those of botanists, based upon the dis-
tribution of Acacia. However, he thought it difficult to agree about Arabia
and the Sahara, the latter having possibly been at one time less arid than at
present.

Mr. Leng mentioned the work of Poppius on the genus Cryobiiis as sup-
plying evidence of the strong relation between Siberian and Hudsonian
beetles.

Mr. Dow spoke of the great interest attached to John Abbot's plates and
their superiority to the reproductions, also of the price he was paid for his
work by John Francillon, viz.: 6^ cents for each figure.

Dr. Lutz spoke of Westwood's original drawings presented by Mr. Hyde
to the Museum.

Mr. Watson read a paper on " A Large Number of Species of Butter-
flies observed in One Day's Collecting," which will be printed elsewhere.

Mr. Notman exhibited and distributed specimens of Protheca pubcritla,
a Ptinid beetle, of which he had bred more than 100 from rotten wood at
Keene Valley, N. Y.

Meeting of March 5.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8:00 P. M., March 5, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History,
President Lewis B. Woodrutf in the chair, with 22 members and two visitors,
Messrs. F. G. Carnochan and J. Tee Van, present.

The Secretary read a letter from War Savings Society Bureau and ex-
hibited enclosures accompanying same.

Mr. Engelhardt spoke of " Collecting in the Plateau Region of South-
western Utah," illustrating his remarks by a large number of photographs
and specimens of the Lepidoptera mounted by his companion, Mr. Jacob
Doll. Mr. Engelhardt said in part that their headquarters from about April
19 to July 22 were at Gregerson's Ranch, Bellevue, Iron Co., Utah, from
whence many excursions were made into the surrounding mountains, which
in beauty of rugged sculpture and coloring, were among the most remarkable
natural features of the continent. Bellevue is midway between Parowan and
St. George, Utah, where H. F. Wickham collected, but the great differences
of elevation in southwest Utah, ranging from 3,000 ft. in the Virgin River
Valley to 10,000/12,000 ft. on the plateaus, cause great faunal differences, and
his efforts were largely devoted to the more elevated sections, hitherto unex-
plored by entomologists. A full account of the expedition, with a map, is
given in the January number of the Brooklyn Museum Quarterly. The in-

124 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

sects have been only partly worked up but, besides the discovery of an ex-
tended range for Cicindela parotvana, already noted in the minutes, Mr. Engel-
hardt mentioned the capture of Amblycheila schwarzi, of four Sphinx dolli
on evening primrose and of Lyccrna and Carabus at 8,000 ft. elevation in the
Pine Valley Mts. on June i, though there had been is inches of snow the
night before. The aspens showed many workings of Saperda in these moun-
tains, but it was too early to obtain specimens. On the Kolob Plateau the
larvae of Hemileuca ( ?) were found on Indian Currant, and are being reared
by Mr. Doll, also a small Sphinx on dandelion. At St. George, where the
mild climate permits the cultivation of sugar cane, figs, etc., the yucca was
abundant and Mr. Engelhardt secured larvre, pupae and adults, the latter very
rapid at midday, of the skipper that breeds on it, ^giale yttccce var. colora-
densis, and exhibited specimens, including the food plant and galleries made
by the larva.

Near the little town of Hurricane, he visited a cave which served as a
natural trap and on the countless mummied remains of the animals caught,
found the Tenebrionid beetle Cryptoglossa verrucosa common. Much atten-
tion was paid to Cicadas on account of Mr. Davis's interest in them ; one was
remarkable for the similarity of its song to the noise of the rattlesnake.

Mr. Davis stated that five species of Cicadae had been collected by Mr.
Engelhardt and that it was the song of Okanagana schaefferi that resembled
the whir of a rattlesnake, and in this instance occasionally deceived the
listener. Mr. Englehardt collected 17 males and two females of this species
in the foothills of the Kolob Mts., in Washington Co., Utah, June 24, 1917.

In reply to a question by Mr. Schaeffer, Mr. Englehardt said the two
specimens of Amblycheila shwarsi were found drowned in a pool in the nearly
dry bed of an arroyo and were perhaps washed down the canon, so that little
could be safely said of the environment.

Mr. Engelhard't experience with coyotes, mormons and rough travel were
very interesting, and illustrated, as well as the insects shown, the possibilities
of a little known region.

Mr. Nicolay as Chairman of Field Committee, presented the following
schedule of outings: March 31. Palisades; April 7, Staten Island; April 14,
Central Park, L. I.; April 21, South River; April 28, Great Notch; May 5,
Greenwood Lake; May 12, Jamesburg; May 19, Ft. Montgomery ;. May 26,
Central Park, L. I.

Mr. Notman exhibited the following Adirondack dragon flies :

Lestes ungniculatus Hagen. ... (Keene Valley.)

Lestes disjuncius Selys (Keene Valley.)

Lestes uncatus Kirby (Mt. Marcy, 4,500 ft. Keene Valley.)

Argia putrida Hagen (Keene Valley.)

Chromagrion conditum Hagen.. (Mt. Marcy, 4,500 ft.)

Nehalennia irene Hagen (Mt. Marcy, 4,500 ft.)

Enallagma hageni Walsh (Keene Valley.)

Enallagma ebrium Hagen (Mt. Marcy, 4,500 ft. Keene Valley.)

June, 1918.] Proceedings of the Society. 125

Enallagma carunciilatnin 'Morse. (Keene Valley.)

Enallagma piscinarium Wmsn..(Mt. Marcy, 4,500 ft. Keene Valley.)

Enallagma exsulans Hagen. . . . (Keene Valley.)

Enallagma antennatum Say.. .. (Keene Valley.)

Ischnura verticalis Say (Mt. Marcy, 4,500 ft. Keene Valley.)

Platheniis lydia Drury (Keene Valley.)

Leucorhinia hudsonica Hagen.. (Mt. Marcy, 4,500 ft.)

Nannothemis bella Uhler (Mt. Marcy, 5,000 ft.)

Sympetrum semiciiictum Say. . . (Keene Valley.)

Meeting of March 19.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8:00 P. M., March 19, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History,
President Lewis B. Woodruff in the chair, with 14 members and four visitors
present.

Mr. Leng called attention to the approaching twenty-fifth anniversary of
the Society's incorporation on June 7, 1893, and suggested that a special meet-
ing be held June 7, 1918, to celebrate it.

On motion the matter was referred to the Executive Committee.

Mr. Davis read a paper on the " Introduction of Palsearctic Mantids in
the North Atlantic States " illustrated by many specimens of Tenodera sinensis
and Mantis religiosa and the native Stagtnomantis Carolina, with their egg
masses and nymphs. This will be printed in full in the Bull. Br. Ent. Soc.

In the discussion that followed, Messrs. Engelhardt, Barber and Watson
gave further details of their captures, recorded by Mr. Davis. Mr. Davis also
described his journey from Farmingdale to Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island,
in June, 1917, particularly in reference to the West Hills and Millville. The
most interesting capture resulted from finding 2y curled leaves under a poplar,
near Cold Spring Harbor, from which emerged a tortricid moth, Anachampsis
innoctiella. As will be printed in Miscellaneous Notes, the discovery that the
leaves are deliberately cut off by the larvae seemed new. Other notes made
by Mr. Davis are as follows : Along the road in the West Hills, first a female
and then a male of the beautiful geometrid moth Nacophora quernaria was
found. The black and white color pattern, conspicuously contrasted in the
female, is most intricate ; and a careful comparison of the wings will show
that to a certain e-xtent the bilateral resemblance is not maintained in every
particular.

A colony of grasshoppers, Eritetti.v carinatus was found on top of High
Hill (410 ft.), one of the West Hills, and Long Island's highest ground.

In the Cicindela field at Cold Spring five Cicindela generosa, one tranqtte-
barica, three rugifrons, and eight modesta were found on June 21. Since the
destruction of the Aqueduct locality, this is the only known place on Long
Island where Cicindela modesta can be found, and all the specimens from
Cold Spring are spotted like those found on Staten Island, and no immaculate
individuals, such as used to occur at -Aqueduct, have been collected.

126 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxvi.

Dr. J. Beqnacrt spoke " On New and Interesting Bees, chiefly from Ari-
zona " captured by him while a member of the Cornell Transcontinental Auto-
mobile Expedition. These were Emphor bombiformis Cress., found on mud
road on left bank of Sabine River in Louisiana, which showed that Emphor
ftiscojubartus Ckll. found near Arlington, N. J., by Grossbeck, and Cape May,
N. J., by Davis, was distinct, not a synonym.

Dietinomia marginipennis found on flowers of Helianthus annmis near
Tempe, Ariz., which proves to have a pollen gathering brush beneath the
abdomen as well as on the legs.

Perdita ? n. sp. An exceedingly small bee, 4 mm. long, found near Tempe,
Ariz., on the flowers of a trailing euphorbia. It was abundant but too small
to be caught in the net and the great heat made the labor of catching them by
crawling up with a collecting bottle, too arduous to be long continued.

Caxipolxcana yarrozvi Cress., a crepuscular bee taken about 5 :oo A. M.
in Texas on desert willows, where it was detected by its buzzing before it
became light.

Heiuisia morsel Ckll. and rhodopus Ckll. were found on Centaurea flow-
ers near water tanks east of Sierra Blanco, Texas, while carrying water
around the end of a freight train, but the absence of a net necessitated catch-
ing them by hand. Dr. Bequaert said that the females had very good stings.

Xenoglossa particia Ckll., another crepuscular species, was found on flow-
ers of wild squash which open in the evening and close before morning. Often
they could be found by day hidden in the closed flowers.

Dr. Bequaert pointed out in connection with these crepuscular bees cer-
tain characters in the ocelli and the color common to all.

Protoxcra gloriosa Fox was shown for its beauty and five other insects,
a syrphid fly, Sphixiiiwrplia loezvii Williston, a Polistes navajoe Cress., and
three Megacanthopus flavitarsis Sauss., for their similar coloration, which is
even more apparent in life than in dried specimens.

Mr. Davis said the colony of Emphor he knew of at Cape May occurred
in a path worn hard by constant use.

Mr. Engelhardt said the primrose and low euphorbia flowers were very
attractive to crepuscular insects in southwest Utah, as he had observed while
collecting specimens of Sphinx.

In reference to the activity of Hymenoptera at night, Mr. Davis said his
experience in hunting at night with a lantern indicated more activity than
might be suspected. Camponotus americanus was certainly more active at
night than by day. He quoted also the following passage from Rev. J. G.
Wood's " Insects at Home," p. 354, to show the activity on moonlight nights
of Vespa crabro : "The successful capture of a hornet's nest is a very diffi-
cult business and that of a wasp's is child's play to it. In the first place it is
much more difficult to cut a nest out of a hollow tree than to dig it out of the
earth, and in the next place the horxiet zcorks all nigJit, provided the moon
shines, whereas the wasp stays at home."

Mr. Woodruff exhibited a number of depauperized Spermophagus rohinia;

June, 1918.] Proceedings of the Society. 127

hatched from honey locust beans in June. The beans had been gathered in
October and kept very dry so that all the specimens were much smaller than
usual.

Mr. Nicolay exhibited specimens of Pediciilus vestimciiti, parasitic lice,
locally common in New York City and known there as " cooties."

Mr. Olsen exhibited a Japanese work on Cicadellidas and an interesting
collection of that family from the U. S. N. M. in which were specimens of
several interesting species.

NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Organized June 29, 1892. — Incorporated June 7, 1893.

The meetings of the Society are held on the first and third Tuesday of each month
(except June, July, August and September) at 8 p. M., in the American Museum of
Natural History, 77th Street and Eighth Ave.

Annual dues for Active Members, J53.00.

Members of the Society will please remit their annual dues, payable in January, to
the treasurer.

Officers for the Year 191 8.

Fresident, L. B. WOODRUFF 14 East 68th Street, New York.

Vice-PrtsUent, EDWARD D. HARRIS Yonkers, N. Y.

Secretary, CHAS. W. LENG 33 Murray St., New York.

Treasurer, WM. T. DAVIS 146 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighton

Staten Island, N. Y.

Z.»(^rrtrj«w, FRANK E. WATSON American Museum of Natural History

New York.

Curator, A J. MUTCHLER. . . American Museum of Natural History, New York.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

R. P. Dow, Geo. P. Engelhardt, H. B. Weiss

E. Shoi:maker. H. Notman.

PUBLICATION COMMIT! IE

F. E. LuTz, W. p. CoMSTocK; John D. Sherman, Jr.,

Chas. Schaekfer.

AUDITING COMMITTEE.

G. W. J. Angei.l, H. B. Wiegmann, H. No-tman

FIELD COMMITTEE
A. S. NicoLAY, Jos. Be<,iuahrt.

delegate to the n. y. academy of scienceh.
William T. Davis.

aouRN AX.

?ublished quarterly by the Society, at 41 North Queen St., Lancaster
Pa.; and New York City. All communications relating to the Journal
should be sent to the Publication Committee. New York Entomological
Society, American Museum of Natural History, New York City; all
subscriptions to the Treasurer, Wm. T. Davis, 146 Stuyvesant Place, New
Brighton, Staten Is., New York, and all books and pamphlets to the
librarian. Frank E. Watson, American Museum of Natural History,
New York City. Terms for subscription, $2.00 per year, stiictly in ad
ance. Please make all checks, money-orders, or drafts oayable to
NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Authors of each contribution to the Journal shall be entitled to 25
separates of such contribution without change of form. If a larger num-
ber be desired they will be supplied at the following rates, provided
notice is sent to the Publication Committee before the page proof has
been corrected :

4r for each reprint of a i to 4 pp. article.

5'- " " " " 5 " 8 "

6c " " " "9 " 12 " '^

8^ " " '< " 13 " 16 "

10? " " " " 17 " 20 " "

I2C " " " " 21 " 24 " "

13c " " '< " 25 " 28 " "

I4«? " " " " 29 " 32 "

One cent additional for each half-tone print. Covers on same paper
as the Journal, with printed title page, $1.50 for 50 covers, and 2 cents
for each additional cover.

Vol. XX\1.

Xos.

3-4-

JOURNAL

OF THE

NEW YORK

Entomological Society

Devoted to 2Entomoloai> in (BeneraL

SEPTEMBER-DECEMBER, 1918.

Edited by CHARLES SCHAEFFER

Puhlication Coiniiiittee.
V. K LuTz. John D. Sherman, Jk.

W. P. CoMSTOCK. Charles Schaei-fek

Published. Quarterly by ttie Society.

LANCASTER, PA. NEW YORK CITV.

1918

[ Entered April 21, 1904,31 Lancaster, Pa., as second-class matter under Act ol Congress ot July 16, 1894.]

THE NEW ERA PRIN

CONTENTS

History of the New York Entomological Society, 1893-1918. By Charles

W. Leng . 129

Reminiscences of the Early Days of the New York Entomological Society.

By A. T. Slosson 134

A New Race of Cicindela with Notes on Other Races and Species. By

Charles W. Leng 138

Mississippi Cicadas with a Key to the Species of the Southeastern United

States. By WiLLLAM T. Davis ... 141

The Home of Hormops and its Proper Position among other Rhynchophora.

By \V. S. Blatchley ........ 155

A Review of the Species of the Coleopterous Genus Silis Latr. which are

found in America, North of Mexico. By Euwin C. \'ak Dyke . . iGi

A New Genus and Species of Cave-Dwelling Carabidas (Coleoptera) from the

United States. By Edwin C. Van Dyke . . 179

Boreaphilus, a Genus of Staphylinid Coleoptera New to North America. By

Howard XoTiMAN ....... . . 182

On Some Genera and Species of the Family Ostomidae. By Chas. Schaeffer 190
Notes on Some Changes in the List of Coleoptera. By Charles W. Lexg 201
Miscellaneous Coleopterological Notes and Descriptions. By Chas. Schaeffer 211
Studies in Rhynchophora. VI. "The New York Weevil." By D. Sharp 215

New North American Species of Apion. By H. C. Fall 218

Miscellaneous Notes 224

Proceedings of the New York Eotomological Society 229

JOURNAL

OF THE

jOFiD ]Boph ^InJ^omologiral %mM^.

Vol. XXVI. SEPTEMBER— DECEMBER, 1918. Nos. 3 and 4

HISTORY OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL
SOCIETY, 1893-1918^

By Charles W. Leng,

Staten Island, N. Y.

The certificate of incorporation was presented to the Society on
June 7, 1893; it was signed by Neumogen, Ottolengni, Pahn, Beyer
and Angell, and provides for a term of existence of fifty years from
February i, 1893, the date on which it was executed. The Com-
mittee on Incorporation consisted of Pahn, Dietz, Groth and Dr. W.
C. Prime, a relative of Mrs. Slosson's.

Preliminary to its incorporation, the embryo of the Society had

1 Read at a special meeting held June 7, 191 8. to commemorate the
twenty-fifth anniversary of the incorporation of the Society. The meeting
was held in the Hotel Colonial and was preceded by a dinner in which many
visitors participated, including representatives of the New York Academy of
Sciences, the Philadelphia Academy of Science and the Brooklyn Entomolog-
ical Society. Letters of congratulation were read from E. A. Schwarz, the
Society's only honorary member, from The Entomological Society of Wash-
ington, the Entomological Society of Canada and from many of the Society's
corresponding members and former presidents. Interesting reminiscences of
the Society's early days were presented by letter or in person by Mrs. Annie
Trumbull Slosson, Charles Dury, Henry Bird, Dr. R. Ottolengui, Dr. Henry
Skinner, A. C. Weeks. Dr. E. E. Smith, President of the New York Academy
of Sciences, spoke of the importance of insects in relation to disease, and Mr.
R. P. Dow, editor of the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, of
the future of the Society, urging specialization in restricted fields of investi-
gation. These letters and speeches are filed in the minutes of the Society.

129

130 Journal New York Entomological Society. t'^'fi- ^>^\'i-

been in existence for about two years. Several meetings had been
held during 1891 by Dietz, Beyer, Tunison and Schaeffer, devoted
entirely to Coleoptera, at which Mr. Schaeffer had often suggested
the organization of a Society. Mr. Dietz, taking up the idea ear-
nestly, finally succeeded in interesting several other men, and on June
29, 1892, the Society was organized with Charles Palm as temporary
chairman. This meeting was held at Mr. Palm's house. Those
present were Palm, Beutenmuller, Dietz, Tunison and Rabe. They
elected as members Neumogen, Beyer and Mrs. Annie Trumbull
Slosson. The next meeting was held after the summer vacation on
September 7. 1892, when seven more members were elected, namely:
Ottolengui, Angell, Havell, Meitzen, Seibelt, Bradford and Julich.
Regular meetings were held thereafter, sometimes at the homes of
Palm, Neumogen or Mrs. Slosson, sometimes at the German-Ameri-
can school, 244 East 53d St., and finally, through Mrs. Slosson's
intercession with the late Morris K. Jesup, in the American Museum
of Natural History. Many active and associate members were
elected at these meetings prior to the incorporation of the Society of
whom the following survive and are still members : Mrs. Slosson,
Beyer, Ottolengui, Angell, Fillion, Groth, Schaus, Schaeffer, Kudlich
and Bird. During this preliminary period the Journal was started
by subscription, to which Mrs. Slosson was the largest contributor,
with Beutenmuller as editor; it was supported in part by the proceeds
of auction sales of the insects; here again Mrs. Slosson was the
donor of many of the specimens sold. It will be seen, therefore, how
important her assistance was in the inception and establishment of
the Society and its Journal.

Following its incorporation, the Society continued a successful
career for about ten years, with Mr. Beutenmuller as editor of the
Journal. The average attendance was about eight persons and only
occasionally a meeting was informal for lack of quorum; the Journal
was published regularly. Scientific matter of great value was con-
tributed to it and presented at the meetings by Dyar, Beutenmuller,
Schaeffer, Zabriskie and Joutel. The late Louis H. Joutel became
a member of the Society February i, 1893; he was for many years
thereafter a most valuable member, serving the Society as secretary
for four years and as treasurer for five years. His artistic talent,
made him an efficient member of the Publication Committee and his

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] LeNG : HiSTORY OF THE SoCIETY. 131

wide knowledge of the life history of insects a most interesting con-
tributor to the meetings. By his long illness and death, the Society
and entomology have suffered a great loss and one of our few sor-
rows on this occasion is that Joutel is not with us.

During these first ten years the following of our present members
were elected, namely : Shoemaker, Love, Lagai, Davis, Barber, Wun-
der, Cammann, Weeks, Comstock and Watson, all of these before the
year 1900. Subsequent to 1900, Green, Leng, Graef, Southwick,
Sherman, Engelhardt and Harris. During this period also the So-
ciety became a member of the Scientific Alliance and in consequence
is now one of the Societies affiliated with the New York Academy of
Sciences, whereby the members receive the weekly Bulltin. The
social gatherings after the meeting adjourned became also an impor-
tant feature that though seldom referred to in the minutes is at least
once commemorated in the entry on April 17, 1900: "A very pleasant
time was spent yet after adjournment."

The annual meeting of January 6, 1903, in developing two tickets
for election of officers reflected a political tinge in the Society's
affairs that was novel and for a time disconcerting. Proxies were
used and their use afterward disapproved. The Society lost the
support of a few members but gained in the more earnest support of
the remainder. The attendance increased and a remarkable good
feeling between the members was the result. The Society's affairs
have prospered ever since. When Professor Wheeler came to the
American Museum he became a regular attendant at the meetings,
always full of information on every subject that came up. Still later,
Dr. Lutz became a member and immediately took a most active in-
terest, instigating the Local Collection, the Environment Symposium
and speaking frequently of the broader aspects of entomology, and
since the war. Dr. Bequaert, with his intimate knowledge of the flies
and wasps of three continents, has added greatly to our strength.

Without attempting to recite the dates when each member was
elected. May 21, 1907, may be mentioned as a memorable one, for
then R. P. Dow became a member of the Society with most pleasant
consequences in the field, at Lahaway Plantation and elsewhere, and
at the meetings, where we have heard him tell of the insects of Egypt
and other ancient countries and of the entomologists of olden times.

The connection between the Society and the American Museum

132 Journal New York Entomological Society. l\oi. xxvi.

has always been a close one and an advantageous one to the Society,
for it has light, heat, meeting place, storage for its own library and
the use of the Museum, all free of cost, so that all its funds are avail-
able for publication. The insect collections of the Museum and its
exploring expeditions become more or less Society affairs. Whereby
the history of our recent years includes some studies in the fauna of
distant regions, Dr. Bequaert and James Chapin have told us some-
thing of Africa. Dr. Lutz and Dr. Crampton of South America and
the West Indies; Messrs. Mutchler, Watson and Barber have also
spoken of the West Indies, while Dr. Lutz again has investigated the
fauna of Florida and Arizona. Mr. Davis also has become an ento-
mological explorer in Florida and I have been able to contrast the
conditions in Labrador and Cuba. Apart from Museum expeditions,
our members have individually wandered far from home, and thanks
to Schaeffer, Beyer, Hall, Engelhardt, Davis, Sherman, Barber, Hal-
linan, Notman, Osburn and Wright there are few parts of the United
States unmentioned in the minutes. We also derive benefit from
visitors to the Museum, as when Mr. Fred Muir drops in from
Hawaii, Dr. Azinoff from Central Asia or Dr. Van Dyke from
California.

We have perhaps been more interested in pure entomology than
in its economic features, but the latter have been represented by
Messrs. Dickerson and Weiss and the too infrequent visits of Dr.
Felt. In the distribution of our discussions over the various orders
of insects rather than in the concentration on Lepidoptera and Co-
leoptera only, we have been particularly fortunate, especially of late
on account of the interest that Messrs. Barber and Olsen take in the
Hemiptera, Dr. Lutz and Dr. Bequeart in the Hymenoptera and Dip-
tera, Dr. Osburn and Mr, Woodruff in the Odonata, while Mr. Davis,
though specializing in cicadas, is apparently ready to furnish speci-
mens and information on each and every order.

You must not imagine that such results have been attained with-
out work, much of it so unobtrusively done that it is scarcely well
enough known even to members. In this connection I would call
your attention to a few men who have given much attention to the
Society's affairs ; the late Louis H. Joutel has already been men-
tioned. Of those living, I think Mr. Charles Schaeft'er heads the
list with three years' service as secretary, ten as librarian and twenty-

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] LkNG : HiSTORY OF THE SoCIETY. 133

two on the publication Committee, making a record of service in
some capacity ever since the Society was incorporated. Mr. Wil-
liam T. Davis has been treasurer for fourteen years and the present
balance, with the establishment last year of the Permanent Fund, tells
how 'good a one. Mr. Harry G. Barber was secretary for nine years.
Dr. Lutz was curator for five years, Mr. Mutchler has been curator
for the last four years; the late John A. Grossbeck was librarian for
three years, during which time he partly arranged the back numbers
of our Journal. Mr. Frank E. Watson has been librarian for the
last three years and has completed the arrangement of our stock of
Journals. Mr. C. F. Groth was treasurer for three years. At vari-
ous times Dr. Wheeler, Dr. Dyar, Dr. Love, Dr. Lutz and IMr. Com-
stock have served on the Publication Committee. The Society has
honored the following men in succession by election to the presi-
dency: Angell, Beutenmuller, Zabriskie, Palm, Love, Groth, Roberts,
Leng, Osburn, Barber, Woodruff and would ha^ve elected Mr. Edward
D. Harris long ago if he had been willing to accept the office.

To these men I think that we owe much but there are also some
whose steady attendance make for our success, though modesty pre-
vents their taking office. The records I have kept for exactly one
hundred meetings show that the following have been present at forty
or more : Davis 95, Mutchler 95, Dow 93, Barber 82, Lutz 79, Wood-
ruff 71, Sherman 64, Watson 62, Schaeffer 61, Olsen 60. Dickerson
59, Shoemaker 58, Angell 55, Engelhardt 50, Wunder 47, Nicolay 41,
while the steady attendance during late years of Weiss, Notman,
Burns and Dr. Wiegmann promises to qualify them later for inclu-
sion in the ranks of the steady.

Reviewing the progress of twenty-five years, the Society may con-
gratulate itself upon an increased, active, and harmonious member-
ship, made up of seasoned veterans and ambitious youngsters, upon
its twenty-five volumes of Journals filled with valuable contribu-
tions, upon its accumulations of books and money, its happy memories
of past meetings and vivid hopes for future ones. It seems to be
solidly established in connection with this great Museum and capable
of extending its future usefulness in the language of its certificate
of incorporation " in the advancement of the science of entomology
in all its branches."

134 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. Xxvi.

REMINISCENCES OF THE EARLY DAYS OF THE
NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.^

By a. T. Slosson,

New York, N. Y.

I am very sorry and really mortified to find that I can give you so
few details of the early days of our New York Society. For I am
one of the small remnants left of the members who entered it at the
beginning, twenty-five years ago. But I had probably already gone
from the city to my summer home in Franconia before our first meet-
ing and did not return until October. I think only a few meetings, at
irregular intervals, had been held during the summer. Soon after
my return from the mountains I attended a meeting at the residence
of Mr. Palm. My brother-in-law's old Arab butler escorted me that
evening, calling for me later to see me home. I shall never forget
the sensation produced by my unexpected entrance into that scientific
meeting ! Through the smoke of pipes and over mugs of some bev-
erage which foamed in the gaslight in a sudsy sort of way I saw
startled, embarrassed faces. " A woman ! — and finding us like this ! "
So their expressions seemed to say. The host himself, good Mr.
Palm, seemed somewhat embarrassed. After seating me in the most
comfortable chair unoccupied he hastened away to order coffee for
me as more appropriate and fitting drink for a feminine throat. We
were the weaker sex then, you see — for those were our voteless days
— and we must be kept carefully apart from the ways and habits of
men in their idle moments. I was not at all shocked at this orgie,
for I had five brothers and spent much of my time in a tobacco-
smokv atmosphere, seen many a foaming beverage poured and
quaffed, and so we were all at our ease in a few minutes and chatting
over our summer's adventures and their net profits. I recall a few
of those present at that time — Dr. Ottolengui, Messrs. Angell. Siebalt
and Julich. After that I attended the meetings quite regularly and
came to know very pleasantly most of our members. We met at
different houses, Mr. Palm's, Mr. Neumoegen's and at my brother-in-

1 Read at a special meeting held June 7, i^^iS, to commemorate the twenty-
fifth anniversary of the incorporation of the Society.

Sept.-nec, ipis.] Si.ossoN : Reminiscences of the Society. 135

law's residence on 23d street, where I then Hved. Dr. Zabriskie
became a member that same year, '92, I think, a charming, genial man,
with a young heart even as he waxed old. I remember well my first
encounter with him at one of our meetings. I had, some months
before, printed in Harper's Magazine, a story entitled " Aunt Randy."
The heroine was an elderly White Mountain woman with a love for
insects. She watched them, studied their habits and, though all un-
conscious of it. was a sort of natural entomologist. She had her own
names for the insects who frequented her small garden and knew them
individually as she would know her human neighbors. The mourning
cloak butterfly, Vanessa antiopa, she spoke of as belonging to the
Tough family, giving it the name to express its hardiness and ability
to endure the winter's cold, it being one of our few hibernating butter-
flies. To one of this species who had slept through a Franconia
winter near her home and which she knew by a torn wing she gave
the Christian name of Mary Ann. So when Dr. Zabriskie and I were
introduced one evening his first remark was " How is Mary Ann
Tough?", with that twinkle in his eyes we who knew and loved him
all remember. I had come to know Mr. BeutenmuUer before this
through my friendship with Harry Edwards, he having assisted "him
in the care of his valuable collection and other entomological work
and we had talked together in the insect rooms at the Museum of
Natural History of the Society's starting some sort of magazine.
This was effected, a subscription list started and the first number of
our Journal published in March, 1893. The opening article in the
first number happens to bear my name as author. It was a paper I
had read at one of our meetings held at the German American School
on East 52d Street. Because of certain reasons I can give you with
confidence the name of one member present. As I finished reading
the paper — it was entitled " Common versus proper " and discussed
the use of scientific nomenclature as opposed to popular — and modestly
left the stage (as a fact we had no stage, then or ever afterward, l)ut
that seems a more classical way of putting it) Dr. Roderigues Otto-
lengui sprang to his feet and burst into words. Such a tribute ! I
cannot recall details but my poor, simple little paper was extolled to
the highest heavens. Not only was it far, far superior to any article
read hitherto at any of the meetings of our society, but — well, Cicero,
Demosthenes, Patrick Henry and other oratorical stars rated some-

13() Journal Xew York Entomological Society. t^'oi- xxvi.

what highly in the opinion of the world before this would have
blushed with shame at their inferiority had they been with us that
evening- and heard the gallant Doctor's comparisons. I was naturally
pleased — what woman does not dote on flattery, however gross? — and,
you see, I did not at that time know that the doctor was a maker of
fiction ! " About these days," as the Farmers' Almanac used to say,
we began holding auctions for the sale of rare and desirable insects,
the proceeds to be applied to the expenses of the new Journal. As
I had been so fortunate as to travel each winter to the extreme south-
ern part of our country and to spend summers in our high northern
altitudes, in Franconia and on the summit of IVIt. Washington I had
duplicates of many rare species and gladly contributed them for the
good cause. Those auction sales were most amusing things. I should
like to attend one now ; the " movies " are nothing compared with
them. One evening, at a sale at the residence of Mr. Neumoegen, a
reporter from one of the city dailies was present. He was a most
puzzled and astonished man. Wandering about the room he asked one
after another the meaning of the affair but evidently could not at all
understand the attempted explanation given him. Now I belonged
to a family of journalists and had been accustomed to reporters and
interviewers from childhood. So I beckoned the poor news seeker
to my side, telling him I would explain the whole thing to him as it
went on. And, knowing the particular jargon of the cult I kept my
word and made clear to him — that is as clear as it could be made to
a non-entomological person — the meaning of what went on. Only a
few weeks ago I came across that article of his, clipped from the
newspaper he sent me. I laid it aside and have now looked for it in
vain. It was fairly correct, owing to my lucid explanations, but typo-
graphical errors were innumerable, as was natural, and the whole
article was mildly sarcastic. I find among my papers a letter from
Mr. Beutenmiiller giving results of one of these auctions held in '98.
I see by that specimens of lepidoptera donated by me brought in ^yS.
Sphinx canadensis brought $5.00, the purchaser having authorized
bidding as high as $12.00 if necessary to secure the desired specimen.
Other prices obtained were $2.45 for Anchocelis digitalis, $1.50 for
Enhalisidota longa, $1.15 Thecla martialis, 50 cents Plusia vaccinii,
55 cents Plusia mappa, P. viridisigma, 60 cents. There was much

Sept-Dec, I9i8.] Sl.OSSON : REMINISCENCES OF THE SOCIETY. 137

rivalry, and to an outsider like my rcportorial friend the sight of
mature, often elderly men, shouting- l)ids excitedly like brokers on the
stock exchange, for the purchase of mere bugs instead of bonds
seemed very funny, not to say absurd. One evening, after, through
the late Mr. Jessup's kindness, we were allowed to hold our meetings
in the Museum of Natural History, my next neighbor at one of the
meetings was a youth with whom I fell into conversation. He owned
that he was not a real entomologist but liked all sorts of creatures
and was devoted to natural history. In the course of our talk he
finally confessed that he liked snakes better than any other creatures
and told me sadly that he had his trials in the pursuit of ophidian
study for, oddly enough, his mother and other female relatives ob-
jected strongly to the presence of rattlesnakes in the house ! Though
I could see their side of the story I expressed warm sympathy with
the lad and we became very good friends. That, in spite of feminine
and family opposition, he mastered the reptilian subject and became
an expert in his line of research you will not doubt when I tell you
that the boy's name was Raymond Ditmars, our famous snake charmer
and student. He began young, you see, as do all real naturalists and
was as a baby, I am sure, " Pleased with a rattler, tickled with its
fang." Well, you have had enough of these wandering reminiscences,
I am sure. If you have looked for something historical on this won-
derful anniversary and found only something hysterical and frivolous,
please make allowances. I am a woman and an aged one, and such
are apt to be garrulous.

But let me just add my warm appreciation of the courtesy and
kindness uniformly shown me by the masculine element, so largely in
the majority, in this society. I never forget it, can never fail to re-
member it, and I herewith thank from my heart all you "boys," as I
love to style you, who have been such friends and comrades to me
these many years.

138 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxvi.

A NEW RACE OF CICINDELA WITH NOTES ON
OTHER RACES AND SPECIES.

By Charles W. Leng,
Staten Island, N. Y.

In " The Cicindelinse of North America " published by Mr. E. D.
Harris and me, and distributed by the American Museum of Natural
History in 1916, the treatment of the American species by Dr.
Walther Horn in " Genera Insectorum " was made known to our
fellow students without any interpolation of our own views. That
some difference of opinion should exist is, however, natural, and it
is the purpose of the present paper to point out such differences as
they appear to me. My notes will refer to the genus Cicindela only
for Mr. Schaeffer has reviewed Amblycheila with more material in
hand than any other author has assembled, and Colonel Casey has
done the same for Omiis, so that Dr. Horn's treatment of those genera
has already been revised.

In Cicindela there are a few instances in which I can not agree
v>'ith Dr. Horn's interpretation of the literature and the synonymy he
consequently proposes. These are :

Cicindela scutellaris var. lecontei.

Dr. Horn alters this to modesta because Dejean in 1825 (Spec.
Col., I, p. 52) described the color of modesta as " f usco-aenea " and
as " brun-obscur un pen bronze." giving an erroneous locality,
*' Saint-Domingue." His words fit better a faded specimen of var.
modesta than they do any specimen of var. lecontei. Dejean was
more likely in 1825 to have specimens from the Atlantic coast reach
him through Palisot de"Beauvois than from Nebraska, Manitoba,
Ontario, where var. lecontei occurs. Finally in 1831 Dejean (Spec.
Col., V, p. 210) says that modesta "noted in error in the collection
of Palisot de Beauvois as coming from Saint Domingo " is " probably
only a variety of rugifrons in which the color has become 'noir
obscur.' " Haldeman did not describe var. lecontei until 1853 and
there seems to me every evidence that Dejean knew nothing about
that variety. I propose, therefore, to retain Haldeman's name for
var. lecontei.

Sept.-Dec, ipiS.] Lkxg: NeW RaCE OF CiCINDELA. 139

Cicindela obscura Say.

This name, cited by Dr. Horn for the race we call modcsta, was
preoccupied. Dr. Horn gives the citation " Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
1818, p. 418, pi. 13, fig. 7." and differentiates the insect there described
from the modest a of Dejean 1831 and subsequent authors. To me
they seem synonymous as they did to Dejean and, obscura being pre-
occupied, the use of the name modesta is justified for the black form
of sciifcUaris.

Cicindela trifasciata var. tortuosa Dej.

Dr. Horn changes this to asccndens Lee, remarking that in the
Banks Collection there is a specimen of ascendcns labelled Jamaica
under trifasciata. Dejean described tortuosa in 1825 from North
America and the Antilles as differing from the South American tri-
fasciata. Leconte's description of ascendcns was made in 1851. I
can not see any reason for preferring it to Dejean's name.

There are also a few instances in which Dr. Horn points out the
double use of a name without supplying a new name for the second
use. These are :

Cicindela purpurea var. auduboni Lee.

This name was first assigned by Leconte (Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., V, 1845, P- 207) to a green variety of purpurea from Yellow-
stone River. Later (Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, XI, 1856, p. 37) he
used the same name for the black variety, in which he has been fol-
lowed by subsequent authors till now. Unfortunately the first use
will have priority and I propose nigcrrima in place of auduboni
Lee, 1856, for the black variety of purpurea. The Cicindela grami-
nea of Schaupp will come close to being a synonym of auduboni as
originally defined, but Dr. Horn retains both names.

Cicindela cartagena var. hentzi Geo. H. Horn.

I propose for the Lower Californian insect the name lientziana,
which Dr. Horn in Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci.. 1894, p. 307, wrongly called
hentzi Dej.

Cicindela spreta Lee.

This name was originally applied (Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y.,
1848, p. 177) to a dark form of limbalis occurring in Maine, for

140 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

which it should be retained. Later (1. c, 1856, p. 37) Dr. Leconte
applied it to a black form from New York not since recognized,
which may be sunk in synonymy.

There are a ninnber of instances in which the relative rank as-
signed to various specifes does not accord with American ideas.
Perhaps our being on the spot and possessed of large series from
definite localities should give our judgment preference. Perhaps Dr.
Horn viewing such matters from a distance and with his great knowl-
edge of the Cicindelse of the world is the better judge. I have no
wish to assume to know better than he how our species and varieties
should be ranked and willingly accept his judgment in,many instances.
There arc, how'ever, a few cases in which I feel so confident that
he has erred that I would here record my opinion that
C. dnodechnguttata and C. repanda are distinct species.
C. scxguttata and C. patruela are distinct species.
C. spcrata and C. cuprascens are distinct species.
C. mirabilis is entitled to a higher rank than Dr. Horn gives it.
C:lantsi " " " " "

C. horeaUs " " " " "

C. criddlci " " "' " "

C. Carolina " " " " "

C. levettei " " " " "

C. Snozvi " " " " "

C. woodgatci " " " "

C. media " " " "

On the other hand the vibex of Geo. H. Horn, 1866, can not prop-
erly be ranked as subordinate to the sierra I described in 1902. Pri-
ority would make vibex the species if the two were closely related;
but I believe both are distinct species.

The following is a form of longilabris occurring in Newfoundland
which requires a name :

Cicindela longilabris novaterrse new ^ ar. :

Size and form of C. longilabris, but brilliant green bronze above and be-
neath, the labrum white, the legs dark, as usual. Markings of elytra comprise
white humeral spot (sometimes very small or lacking), subhumeral spot, middle
band, bent, not reaching the margin, and subapical spot. The markings are
all narrow ; the subapical spot is not at all enlarged as in the green forms from
Colorado, nor are any of the white markings broad as in pcrviridis from the
Pacific Coast.

Sept.-Dec, i9i8.] DaVIS : MISSISSIPPI CiCADAS. 141

Type (in my collection) collected by W. S. Genung near Bay St.
George, Newfoundland, in July. Additional specimens in my collec-
tion were collected by Geo. P. Engelhart at the same place, also in
July. Typical C. longilahris was found by Mr. Genung at Bay of
Islands, but only the green form at Bay St. George. Mr. Engelhardt
tells me that both forms may be found at Channel Village.

The Cicindelidae of Newfoundland as far as known include the
above described forms of longilahris and C. traiiqncbarica var. Itori-
conoisis, Stephensvillc, C. limbalis, Bay of Islands, C. duodccimgiit-
tata, Little Codroy, Nicholsville, Stephensvillc, C. scxgitttata ( Le-
conte, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, XI, i860). The exact locality for the
last is unknown ; all the others come from the west coast where
Fernald (Rhodora, XIII, 191 1, p. 117) found Carolinian plants on
the sandy beaches and dunes. As far as we now know the localities
named above mark the most northern limit of the family on our
Atlantic coast.

MISSISSIPPI CICADAS, WITH A KEY TO THE

SPECIES OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED

STATES.

By Wm. T. Davis,

New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y.

For several years Professor R. W. Harned has kindly sent to me
for identification the cicadas collected by the students of the !Missis-
sippi Agricultural and Mechanical College. It has been a pleasure
to go over the specimens, and now that records for eighteen species
have accumulated, including a new one, it seems desirable to make
a list of those known to occur in the state. Mississippi is rich in
cicadas, and as far as the present records show, has even more spe-
cies than Florida. This is easily explained, for some of the western
species reach as far eastward as the valley of the Mississippi River.
The discovery of the green-colored Okanagana, described in this
paper, from the delta section of the state, has been a great surprise.
It suggests that other unknown forms may still exist and emerge
from time to time from their unseen feeding places beneath the sur-

142 Journal Nkw York Entomological. Society. f^'oi- xxvi.

face of the ground. As far as is known this is the first species of
Okanagana found in the Gulf States east of Texas.

The key to genera and species not only covers the cicadas from
Mississippi, but the southeastern United States in general. The only
species of the region not occurring in Mississippi are Tibiccn canicu-
lar is (Harris), found at least as far south as Cape May County, New
Jersey, and Tibicen biconica (Walker) of Florida and the West
Indies. These two species are figured as a further aid to their identi-
fication.

The Tcttigonia varicgata Fabricius. from " Carolina," has not
been identified, owing to faulty description. It may be one of several
of our well-known species. Francis Walker described Cicada reso-
nans, Cicada viridifascia, Fidicina figurata and Fidicina olympusa
without locality, but the species have been credited to North America
by Distant in Genera Insectorum, who placed them in two instances
as synonyms of Tibiccn aulctcs. All four names have here been
applied to species native to Mississippi and nearby states. It is hoped
that this has been done correctly, but whether correctly or not it has
seemed preferable to use the names until the matter can be settled,
as it will be in tiine by the growth of more extensive collections, and
perhaps by the examination of the specimens described by Walker,
if they at this time can surely be identified as his material.

Of the twenty species mentioned in the present paper, sixteen be-
long to the genus Tibicen and are so listed by Mr. Van Duzee in his
Catalogue of the Hemiptera. The remaining four genera contain
but one species each.

Thanks are due to Dr. Wm. H. Wiegmann, of the New York
Entomological Society, who has kindly subjected the keys to the test
of determining specimens, and it is hoped that they w'ill be found of
service.

Key to Genera of Cicadas of the Southeastern United States.

Tympanal coverings concealing tympanal orifices.

Head large and broad, body walls of abdomen thickened ; opercula

large Tibicen Latreille.

Head small, abdomen translucent ; opercula \ery small. .Cicada Linnaeus.
Tympanal coverings absent.

Cells of median area of fore winss longer than marginal cells.

Head (including eyes, which are red in life) nearly as broad as base

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] DaVIS : MISSISSIPPI CiCADAS. 143

of mcsonotum. Opcrcula rather large, nearly touching on inner

margin Tibicina Kolenati.

Head, including eyes, much narrower than base of mesonotum. Oper-

cula small with extremities far apart Okanagana Distant.

Cells of median area of fore wings of about the same length or shorter
than the marginal cells.
Very small species Melampsalta Kolenati.

Key to Species of the Genus Tibicen founb in the Southeastern
United States.

A. Large, heavy bodied species ; head broad, uncus simple, and first cross
vein in the fore wings starting from radius 3 far back, or about one
third distant from base of first marginal cell.
B. Uncus longer than broad. Black species with green or greenish
markings and black area on the central part of the abdomen
beneath, except in sayi, and new variety of davisi.
C. Hind margin of pronotum or collar, green or greenish.

A narrow irregular area of black on the under side of the ab-
domen ; opercula short and broad, and usually in the males
an attenuated, pruinose stripe each side on the dorsum of

segment three pruinosa (Say).

Dorsum of abdomen with the hind margin of the segments
more or less brown and generally but a trace of pruinose
stripe each side on segment three.

pruinosa var. winnemanna (Davis).
Dorsum of abdomen shining black with a broad pruinose
mark each side on segment three ; blackened area on under
side of abdomen more in the nature of an even stripe.
pruinosa var. latifasciata (Davis.)
A longitudinal band of black on the under side of the ab-
domen, the opercula more lobate, and the margin of the
front wings suddenly bent near the middle.

linnei (Smith & Grossbeck).

A definite longitudinal band of black on the under side of

' the abdomen ; head with the front rather prominent. Not

a large species canicularis (Harris).

An irregular band of black on the under side of the abdomen,
head rounded in front ; a rather small species.

davisi (Smith & Grossbeck).
Abdomen greenish centrally on under side, blackened area
wanting, marginal cells of fore wings clouded.

davisi var. harnedi new variety.
CC. Hind margin of pronotum or collar black or nearly so (except in
sayi \ar. austral is).
D. Central area of the abdomen beneath black.

144 Journal New York Entomological Society. f^'o'- xxvi.

Opercula long and with the legs usually somewhat chest-
nut colored ; the uncus when seen in profile forked,
resembling the open mouth of a snake.

similaris (Smith & Grossbeck).
Opercula much shorter, more rounded, and the black
area on the under side of the abdomen in the nature
of an even stripe. I'ncus not forked.

lyricen (De Geer).

Blacker than typical lyricen, lacking the considerable

amount of fulvous markings on the pronotum and

mesonotum. A fulvous somewhat anchor-shaped mark

centrally on the pronotum.

lyricen var. engelhardti (Davis).
DD. Central area of the abdomen not black beneath, often
pruinose, as well as the long opercula.
Collar black, often with a greenish spot each side near

the outer angles sayi (Smith & Grossbeck).

Collar all green or nearly so, as well as the pronotum

and mesonotum sayi var. australis (Davis).

BB. Uncus broad at the base, triangular in shape and generally about as
broad as long. Opercula broad and rounded at the extremities ;
no definite black area on the central part of the abdomen be-
neath, usually unicolorus.
E. Wings long and narrow, collar 2 mm. or less in breadth at cen-
tral portions ; dorsum of abdomen black or nearly so.
Basal cell of fore wings rusty in color, anal cells (mem-
branes) of both pair of wings gray; usually expands no

mm. or more resonans (Walker).

Basal cell of fore wings often black' or nearly so, anal cells
of both pair of wings yellowish. Expands about 100

mm figurata (Walker).

EE. Wings broad, hind margin of the pronotum or collar green or

greenish and more than 2 mm. broad.

F. Anal cells or membranes at base of fore and hind wings gray.

Dorsal segments of the abdomen not margined with

brown ; in fresh specimens the basal segments pruinose,

also the terminal segments, leaving the four middle

segments black. A large species expanding over no

mm auletes (Germar).

FF. Anal cells or membranes at base of fore and hind wings

light orange, two prominent marks on the mesonotum

resembling the Hebrew letter resh inverted.

Fore wings with the first and second cross veins clouded,

and the dorsum of the abdomen brownish or brownish

black resh (Haldeman).

Fore wings with the first and second cross veins but

Sept-Dec, 19 18.] DaVIS : MISSISSIPPI CiCADAS. 145

faintly or not at all clouded and the abdominal seg-
ments margined posteriorly with brown. In fresh
specimens there is usually a median row of white spots
on the dorsum of the abdomen, .marginalis (Walker).
AA. Small species ; uncus wish-bone shaped, and first cross vein in the fore
wings starting from about the middle of the first marginal cell.
G. First and second cross veins of fore wings clouded.

Expanse of wings about 90 mm biconica (Walker).

Expanse of wings about 60 mm olympusa (Walker).

GG. First and second cross veins of fore wings not clouded, wings clear
throughout and expanding about 70 mm.
Head rather large, front rounded, collar greenish or yellowish and
contrasted in color rather sharply with the brown and black of

pronotum and mesonotum viridifascia (Walker).

Head proportionately smaller than in the last ; front more pro-
truding;- collar not so contrastingly colored and fore wings
narrower vitripennis (Say).

Tibicen pruinosa (Say).

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 191 5, PI. 2, fig. 2.
This is one of the most common species in Mississippi, and forty-two
specimens have been examined, twenty-two of them from Agricul-
tural College, Oktibbeha County. The other localities are luka. Cold-
water, Okolona, Rosebloom, Strongs, Greenville, Starkville, Jackson,
Forkville and Norris. The dates of capture range from June to
October. So far none have been received from the southern part
of the state.

The known distribution of this species is the general region of the
valley of the Mississippi as far north as eastern Nebraska, and as
far east as Indiana. In the more elevated regions of Virginia, North
Carolina and southwestward, the variety winnemanna Davis, with
the posterior margins of the segments generally brownish, is to be
found, while the variety latifasciafa Davis, with a broad white, prui-
nose mark on the third al)dominal segment, occurs along the Atlantic
coast, close to the ocean. These two varieties may possibly be found
in Mississippi, the first in the higher parts of the state, and the second
along the coast.

The song of pruinosa is quite unlike that of any of the other large
native cicadas, and may be rendered as z-sape, z-zape, z-zape. The
insect often remains quiet all day, singing from about 3 or 4 P. M.
until dark.

146 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^"'- >^-^\'i-

Tibicen linnei (Smith & Grossbcck). PI. VII, fijr. i.

Ratliff, summer, 19 15, female (A. Mcintosh). There is consid-
erable uncertainty about this specimen, for the reason that locality
labels may have become mixed, but as the species occurs in Tennessee
there is no reason why it should not occur in Mississippi as well.

The female of this species often closely resembles that of T. prui-
nosa, but in linnei the fore wings are abruptly Ijent near the middle,
whereas in prninosa the curve is more rcg-ular. The song is very
different from that of prninosa and is a continuous z-ing. but gener-
ally of short duration.

Tibicen davisi (Smith & Grossbeck). PL VII, fig. 3.

Longview, September, 1916, female (T. H. Oswalt) ; Vimville,
August 2, 1914, female (E. R. Raney) ; Columbia, July, female (B.
Morris) ; Hattiesburg, August, 1916, male (W. H. Cook) ; Caesar,
summer, 1916, male and female (R. H. Stewart) ; Anner, July, 1915,
male, and summer, 1916, male (H. P. Smith) ; Long Beach, July 10,
1916, male (W. J. Frederich).

In addition to the above there is a female which represents a
variety of davisi. We also have two others from Arkansas. This
variety may l)e described as follows :

Tibicen davisi var. harnedi new variety, PI. VII, fig. 4.

Type male, Helena, Arkansas, June, 19 16 (K. D. Jacob). Davis
collection.

Allotype female, Rodney, Jefferson Co., Miss.. August, 1917 (O.
A. Hammett). Collection, Miss. Agri. and Mechanical College.

More robust than typical davisi, with broader wings, the first
seven marginal cells of the fore wings being clouded much as in
Tibicen superba Fitch. The dorsal markings are quite green in color,
the central, green, wedge-shaped mark on the pronotum is not sepa-
rated from the hind margin, but is confluent with it; the collar is
bright green. The dorsal surface is less rusty in appearance than in
typical davisi. Beneath the abdomen is greenish, without the ''nar-
row black portion in the center," as in typical davisi.

In addition to the type and allotype we have a female from Hot
Springs, Arkansas, September, 1917 (M. R. Harrington).

We figure a typical T. davisi from North Carolina, and the type
of var. harnedi.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] DaVIS : MISSISSIPPI CiCADAS. 147

Measurements in Millimeters.

Male Type. Female Allotype.

Length of body 33 30

Width of head across eyes 13. S 14

Expanse of fore wings 81 87

Greatest width of fore wing 13 13

Greatest width of operculum 6

Tibicen davisi occurs throughout the southeastern states as far
north as New Jersey. Its song- is a continuous z-ing of short dura-
tion, and is more sharp in tone, though not as loud as that produced
by the larger, related black species.

Tibicen similaris (Smith & Grossbeck). PI. VIII, fig. 2.

Agricultural College, October 11, 1914, male, October 14, 1914,
female, and "summer," male. Anner, summer, 1916, male (H. P.
Smith); Kiln, summer, 1916, male (H. W. Lee),

This species occurs from Mississippi to Virginia, and is very
common in parts of Florida, where it may be heard singing in the
small turkey oaks and elsewhere. In fresh specimens there is a
pruinose lateral mark along the base of the abdomen often observable
when the insect is in flight.

Tibicen lyricen (De Geer). PI. VIII, fig. i.

Red Bank, August, 1917, male (J. G. Kizer) ; Logtown, summer.
1917, female (A. Lutken) ; Rienzi, August 23, 1915, male (H. Y.
Jumper).

This is a widely distributed insect in the eastern half of the
United States, being found from Texas to Florida, and Kansas to
Massachusetts. In the higher parts of Virginia, North Carolina,
Tennessee and Georgia, the variety engcUiardti (Davis) is the pre-
vailing form of the species. This is characterized by having the pro-
notum and mesonotum nearly all black, except for the somewhat
anchor-shaped, tawny spot on the former. It will perhaps be found
in the uplands of Mississippi.

The song of lyricen is a rather monotonous zing.

Tibicen sayi (Smith & Grossbeck).

Figured in Howard's Insect Book under the name of tibicen, PI.
2y, fig. 20.

148 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxvi.

This is probably the most common of the large cicadas found
in Mississippi, and has been reported from all parts of the state.
Eighty-one specimens have been examined, and the dates of cap-
ture are from June to September, but it will also be found in Oc-
tober. The localities from which these speimens came arranged
from north to south are : Nesbitt, Kossuth, Corinth, Coldwater, Blue
Mountain, Sledge, Ratliff, Charleston, Houlka, Pace, Buena Vista,
Cleveland, O'Reilly, Pheba, Greenville, Leland, Winona, Vaiden,
Long View, Sturgis, Agricultural College, Columbus, McCool, Good-
man, DeKalb, Ferns Springs, Flora, Jackson, Forkville, Lake, Vim-
ville, Montrose, Fayette, Ellisville, Columbia, Hattiesburg, McComb,
Picayune, Anner and Kiln.

This species is distributed over most of the eastern half of the
United States from eastern Texas and Kansas northward to Michigan
and New York. We have collected it as far south as the Caloosa-
hatchee River, Florida. The variety australis Davis, which is much
greener colored, occurs not uncommonly in parts of Florida and
Georgia, and should be found in Mississippi.

The song of this species is more impetuous than that of most of
the related species, rising to a rapid ::ing and then gradually sub-
siding.

Tibicen resonans (Walker).

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 1915, PI. i, fig. 2.

Agricultural College, July 11, 1914, male (G. W. Bacot) ; October
14, 1914, male (W. E. Vernon) ; female of no date (J. C. Holton) ;
Ora, July 20, 1914, male (F. Rogers) ; Laurel, July 17, 1916, female,
and August 12, 1916, male (M. G. Dyess) ; Ellisville, August, 1916,
male (O. W. Collins) ; Clara, July 21, 1916, female (F. B. Pittman) ;
Hattiesburg, August, 1916, female (W. H. Cook) and August 13,
1916, female (T. R. Hearon) ; Columbia, July, 1915, female (B.
Morris) ; Wiggins, August 16, 1916, male (H. T. Powers). Caesar,
summer, 1916, male and three females (R. H. Stewart) ; Anner, July,
1915, female (H. P. Smith), and male without date (R. H. Stewart) ;
Kiln, summer, 1916, two males (H. W. Lee), and July, 1915, female
(A. B. Curet) ; Ocean Springs, September 13, 1915 (C. E. Wilson).

So far no specimens have been reported from further north than
Agricultural College, but as the insect is found in the sand ridges in

Sept.-Dec, igiS.] DaVIS : MISSISSIPPI CiCADAS. 149

North Carolina, there is no reason why it should not occur quite
far north in Mississippi, provided soil conditions are right.

Tibicen figurata (Walker).

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 1916, PL 3, fig. i.

Quincy, August 8, 1915, female (K. L. Cockerham) ; Montgomery
Co., summer, female, and July 29, 1916, female (L. J. Liston) ; Long-
view, August 30, 1916, female (F. Oswalt) ; Agricultural College,
August, 1916, female (N. C. Oakes), and October 19, 1916, female
(C. C. Greer) ; West, July, 1915, female (F. L. Craft) ; Meridian,
September 10, 1915, female (Rehn & Hebard) ; Gloster, May 17,
1916 (C. F. Yllander) ; Anner, summer, 1916, female on pine (H. P.
Smith).

So far this species has been examined only from Arkansas, Louis-
iana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida.

Tibicen auletes (Germar).

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 1915, PI. i, fig. i;
Howard's Insect Book, under name of marginata, PL 28, fig. 19.

This is an abundant species in Mississippi and forty-seven speci-
mens have been examined, the dates of capture ranging from June
to November. The June record is for a female collected at Lake in
1916, by W. C. Parker, and the November 4, 1916, record is a female
from Agricultural College, collected by J. E. Vaughn. The other
localities are Red Banks, luka, Coldwater, Okolona, Webb, Egypt,
Walthall, Lexington, Flora, Jackson, Meridian, Stonewall, Ollie,
Mount Olive, Ellisville, Laurel, Columbia, Hattiesburg, Moselle,
Ovett, Picayune, Anner, Gulfport and Ocean Springs.

This species is widely distributed, being found from eastern
Kansas and Nebraska to Michigan and Massachusetts, and southward
along the coast to Florida.

Its song is monotonous in tone and not loud, considering the size
of the insect. It often commences to sing late in the afternoon and
continues off and on until dark.

Tibicen resh (Haldeman).

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 1915, PL i, fig. 3.

Greenville, August 17, 1916, male (W. M. Crumpton) ; Fayette,
July 25, 1917 (J. T. Shelton).

150 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

Specimens from Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Alabama,
Louisiana, and a great many from Texas, have been examined in
addition to those mentioned above. The type locality given by Halde-
man is '" the Great Salt Lake Valley," but no cicada filling the de-
scription has been seen by the writer from Utah. In the preface to
his article containing the original description, Haldeman states that
owing to the small number of insects collected by the Stansbury
expedition, specimens from Texas have been included in his paper,
so there may be an error in locality. If in time a species from Utah
is found that more closely fills the description of resh, we still have
the name of robertsonii Fitch for the Mississippi insect.

Tibicen marginalis (Walker).
Cicada inarginata Say.

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 191 5, PL 2, fig. i,
and Decem-ber, 191 5, PI. 18, fig. 2.

Nesbitt, August, 1915, male (L. E. Lea), Flora, August, 1916,
male (H. B. Greaves) ; Hattiesburg, September 11, 191 5, male and
female on willow (Rehn and Hebard) ; two males with no labels.

This* species seems to be more particularly confined to the central
part of the United States, reaching northward to Kansas and Iowa,
and eastward to western Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee.

Tibicen olympusa (Walker).
Cicada sordidata Uhler.

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 1916, PI. 5, fig. 5.

Long Beach, July, 1916, two males (W. J. Frederich). While
this is so far the most western record, the insect will probably be
found in Louisiana. It is common in Florida, especially near the
coast, occurs in southern Georgia, and Mr. H. P. Loding has sent me
four males from Mobile, Alabama, collected July 2, 1916.

In this, as well as in probably all the remaining species of Tibicen
here mentioned, the song may last for a long time. In the present
species it much resembles the stridulation of some of the Neocono-
cephalus grasshoppers or Tettigoniidee.

Tibicen dclicata (Osborn), found in Louisiana and Texas, may
poss bly be found also in Mississippi. It is figured in the Journal
N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 191 6, PL 6, fig. 2.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] DaVIS: MISSISSIPPI CiCADAS. 151

Tibicen viridifascia (Walker).
Cicada repcria Uhlcr.

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 191 6, PI. 6, fig. i.

Long Beach, July, 1916, female (W. J. P>ederich) ; Ship Island,
August 24, 191 5, female (Rehn and Hebard).

The specimens from Mississippi so far examined belong to the
variety bcquaerti Davis, though not typical, described and figured in
the Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, December, 191 7.

Tibicen viridifascia occurs from Virginia southward along the
coast, and is quite common in eastern Florida. The song is con-
tinuous and may be rendered .zcckie, .zcckic, zcckic.

Tibicen vitripennis (Say).
Cicada erratica Osborn.

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 1916, PI. 6, figs.
3 and 4-

Friar's Point, July 2, 1910, male (E. C. Crockett) ; Saltillo, sum-
mer, female, collected in the middle of a large swampy woods (T. P.
Cassidy) ; Rosebloom, August, 1915, female (Rex Buchanan) ; Green-
ville, June, 1916, male and female (W. F. Wheatley) ; July 12, 1916,
female (G. S. Vincient), and August, 1916, female (W. H. McClain) ;
Lexington, September i, 1916, female (Wm. W. Broome) ; Vicks-
burg, July, 1915, female (E. L. Brien), and July, 1916, two females
(A. E. Bonnelli) ; Palmyra, July, 1912, five males and five females
(R. N. Lobdell). In addition to the above mentioned Mr. Lobdell
has personally sent to the writer three males and two females, also
some pupae and pupae cases " collected during July at Palmyra Island,
Mississippi," which he states is subjected to periods of inundation, so
the young insects are evidently able to live in very wet soil.

Prof. R. W. Harned has contributed the following note : " In regard
to the distribution of Tibicen vitripennis I am inclined to think that
this insect will only be found on low ground or in swampy places.
This insect seems to be fairly prevalent in what is known as the delta
section of Mississippi or the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. This is the
alluvial western part of the state. This species is also fairly abun-
dant in similar soils in Arkansas and Louisiana. The first time that
I ever noticed this species was late in June, 1912. I found them
quite numerous in fields at Palmyra Island, south of Vicksburg. I

152 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'oi- xxvi.

was surprised to find them coming out of the ground several hundred
yards away from any perennial plants. They were also emerging
from soil that had been under water a few weeks before. The spe-
cies is quite common in the cotton fields of the delta."

The distribution seems to be confined to the central United States.
Specimens have been examined from Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkan-
sas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska and Indiana.

Cicada hieroglyphica Say.

Figured in Journal N. Y. Ento. Soc, March, 1916, PI. 6, fig. 5,
and Howard's Insect Book, PI. 28, fig. 11.

Corinth, summer, 1917, male (R. M. Lancaster). Osyka, June 12,
1914, male (E. A. Morgan) ; Pascagoula, June 10, 1915, female (R.
O. Vaughn).

Occurs from Riverhead, Long Island, N. Y., to eastern Kansas
and southward. In peninsular Florida the variety johannis Walker
replaces the typical form. The black marks on the head, pronotum
and mesonotum are more in the form of spots than of continuous
lines as in typical hieroglyphica.

The song does not continue long, but sometimes, as in the Pine
Barrens of New Jersey, the insects appear in numbers, when their
united effort produces a considerable noise.

Tibicina septendecim (Linnaeus).

Figured in Howard's Insect Book, PI. 2"/, fig. 16.

Only the thirteen-year race is known from Mississippi, and the
following notes on distribution within the state have been taken
from Bulletin No. 71, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Bureau of Ento-
mology, 1907, C. L. Marlatt:

Brood XIX (1907-1920) ; fairly well distributed over the state.

Brood XXI (1909-1922) ; recorded from the eastern part of the
state only.

Brood XXII (1910-1923) ; southwestern Mississippi.

Brood XXIII (1911-1924) ; distributed over the state but particu-
larly in the northern half.

Brood XXIV (1912-1925); recorded from Franklin and Holmes
counties.

Brood XXVI (1914-1927); "an outpost in Mississippi is also

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] DaVIS : MlSSISSirPI CiCADAS. 153

reported by Mr. George H. Kent, Suffolk, Franklin county, who re-
ports their appearance throughout the southwestern portion of the
county in the month of May."

Brood XXVII (1915-1928) ; '"a small brood was reported for
Franklin County, Miss., as appearing about May 20, 1902, by Mr.
George H. Kent, of Suffolk."

Variety cassinii (Fisher) is smaller than the typical form, with
the ventral surface of the abdomen generally much darker in color.

Okanagana viridis new species. PI. VIII, figs. 4 and 5.

Type male, O'Reilly, Mississippi, July 10, 1917 (Ernest Wal-
dauer)). Davis collection.

Ofcanagatia uiridis

A green insect, almost unicolorous, with the membranes or flaps at the
base of the wings yellowish. The venation of the wings is green, except the
costal margin, which is yellowish to the end of the radial cell. The basal cell
is nearly clear. There is also a slight indication of yellow about the head, the
tympana and the uncus. The front of the head is rounded and not prominent,
the eyes are not prominent, and the uncus is straight, as shown in the figure.
Beneath the insect is green about the head and fore legs, and yellowish green
centrally to the end of the valve. The sides are green. The colors are the
same in both the type and allotype. The notch in the last ventral segment of
the abdomen of the female is simple, that is not doubly notched as in some
species of Okanagana.

Measurements in Millimeters.

Male Type. Female -Allotype.

Length of body 25 22

Width of head across eyes 7.5 7.6

Expanse of fore wings 64 64

Greatest width of fore wing 10 10

Greatest width of operculum 2

Length of valve 4.5

154 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'o'- xxvi.

Allotype female of same locality and date. Collection Mississippi
Agricultural and Mechanical College.

In coloring this is a remarkable species and reminds one of the
green phases of Melampsalta calliope to be found in Florida and else-
where. Mr. Waldauer writes as follows of the capture of the in-
sects: "At the time, July lo, 1917, I was working a crew of day
hands in a piece of new ground corn, about one mile northwest of
the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley railroad station at O'Reilly, Mis-
sissippi. One member of my crew was attracted by the singing of
one of these insects and knowing that I was making a collection
called my attention to the same. Upon investigation I found one of
these cicadas on the under side of a blade of corn. This was evi-
dently the male. Near this place in the same field, a few minutes
later I found the other."

Melampsalta calliope (Walker).
Cicada parvula Say.

Figured in Howard's Insect Book, PI. 28, fig. 8.

Thirty-one specimens have been examined, the dates of capture
ranging from May 14, 1915, at Fontainbleau (J. Chaffin), to August
5, 1916, Hattiesburg (T. R. Hearon). The other localities are:
Houlka, Verona, Egypt, Stonewall, Laurel, Columbia, Lucedale, An-
ner, Caesar, Ocean Springs, Kiln, Long Beach, Nugent and Pas-
cagoula.

This is the smallest cicada occurring in the state, and is rather
plentiful, as indicated by the above records. The species has a wide
distribution and shows considerable variation. The females are gen-
erally a little larger than the males and with broader heads. There
are both green and brown individuals. Cicada calliope Walker was
described from North Carolina; Cicada parvtda Say was described
frorh Missouri, probably that part of it now included in eastern
Kansas.

Explanation of Plates.
Plate VII.
Fig. I. Tibicen linnei (Smith & Grossbeck).
Fig. 2. Tibicen canicularis (Harris).
Fig. 3. Tibicen da^'isi (Smith & Grossbeck).
Fig. 4. Tibicen da^isi var. harnedi Davis. Type.

Joiini. .V. 1'. Ent. Si

Vol. .VAT/. Fl. VI 1.

Cicada.

Jotini. X. ]'. Ii)it. Sac,

Vol. XXVI. Fl. VIII.

Cicada.

Sept.-Dcc, igiS.] BlATCHLEY : HoME OF HORMOPS. 155

Fig. I
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Plate VIII.
Tibicen lyricen (De Geer).
Tibicen similaris (Smith & Grossbcck).
Tibicen biconica (Walker).
Okanagana viridis Davis. Type.
Okanagaiia viridis Davis. Allotype.

THE HOME OF HORMOPS AND ITS PROPER POSI-
TION AMONG OTHER RHYNCHOPHORA.

By W. S. Blatchley,

Indianapolis, Indiana.

Anyone who has had much experience in collecting Coleoptera
knows that one of the most successful methods of taking them is by
beating into an inverted umbrella. Aside from the use of the
sweep-net, more species can be secured by beating than by any other
method of collecting and in general the species so taken are more apt
to be rare or especially desirable than those taken with the net.

In beating, however, much rubbish, as dead leaves, twigs, etc.,
falls into the umbrella, so that it is often half full or more of debris
among and beneath which many of the beetles attempt to hide, while
others, more active, crawl to its top and take quickly to wing. All
of us remember how often many a fine specimeii has suddenly ap-
peared and escaped while we were attempting to balance the ungainly
receptacle on some support, and perhaps at the same time trying to
bottle an example of a rather common and much less desired species.
The collector can only make a wry face and perhaps utter a cuss
word as he sees the prize slip away, but neither the facial expression
nor the expletive will lure it back.

It has been my custom, and perhaps is that of most collectors, to
sort over in a rather crude manner this debris and pitch it over the
side onto the ground, taking meanwhile any desired individual uncov-
ered, and finally reaching the " pay dirt " at the bottom, among which
the smaller and often the rarer species are to be found. In so doing
we have doubtless cast aside many a rare specimen whose color and
lack of movement did not betray its presence.

156 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^oi. xxvi.

In Florida, during the winter months, I have found umbrella col-
lecting a most excellent method of securing beetles which at that
season live in or on dead branches, among bunches of dead leaves
and in the pendent masses of Spanish moss. Many kinds of Elate-
ridse, Tenebrionidse, and especially Anthribidse, Curculionidae and
Scolytidae have thus been taken which would have been gotten in no
other way. Although oak, bay, pine and numerous other kinds of
trees and shrubs are there dressed in their evergreen foliage through-
out the winter, yet beating this foliage at that season yields far fewer
species than does the dead and dry material above mentioned, for,
during the winter months, most of the beetles are not active and
feeding but dormant and hibernating beneath the most available
cover.

On February ii, 1918, I spent the afternoon collecting in and
about the edges of Skinner's Hammock, a densely wooded wet tract
of several hundred acres located about one mile northeast of Dune-
din, Florida. I had with me both sweep-net and umbrella, using the
former on the numerous ferns and other low herbage growing beneath
the tall bay and oak trees of the hammock, as from this undergrowth
I have swept many rare species of Anthicidse and other families.
The beating among the tangled undergrowth of the hammock is
strenuous, for

Overhead the wandering ivy and vine,
This way and that, in many a wild festoon
Run riot,

and having had three hours or more of it I was ready to quit after
one more trial. I was then near the northwest corner of the ham-
mock and within fifty yards of where I had the winter before found
Monccdus guttatns Lee. in numbers on the tangled masses of the
slender twining milkweed, Metastelma scoparia Nutt. In making
the final beating I struck a number of living as well as numerous
dead branches, and also the edges of a large bunch of dead leaves
and fine twigs, whose base, about eight feet above the ground, was
supported by a tangle of the branches of an Anipelopsis, a vine of
the grape family. Finding the umbrella more than half full of
debris, through a sudden impulse, and for the first time in all my
collecting, I spread out a small rubber blanket which I carry with
me and as I searched the contents, threw the refuse onto the blanket
instead of on the ground.

Sept-Dec, ipiS.] BlATCIILEY: HoME OF HoRMOPS. 157

There was little of interest in the umbrella but on searching over
the material on the blanket I found at the bottom of it two weevils,
one rather large one, Conotrachelus serpentinus Boh., not uncommon
in the hammock on the red bay, Pcrsea horbonia L., the other a much
smaller uniform brown species which I did not recognize, but as it
was then late I made no farther search for additional specimens.
Being very tired that evening when I assorted the afternoon's catch,
I gave little attention to the weevil, but placed it in a capsule with
an accession number and for the corresponding note wrote : " Cur-
culid new to collection ?, beating in Skinner's Hammock near big
maple."

Four days later, February 15, I was back at the hammock, one
of my objects being to obtain if possible additional specimens of the
weevil. I did not know from just what I had beaten it, but I knew
the spot and thought the bunch of debris in the vine, which was twice
as large as a bushel basket, a likely abiding place, so I tackled it the
first thing. My surmise was correct, for after two beatings, during
which I knocked down half the bunch, I had found eighteen of the
w^eevils, partly in the umbrella and partly on the blanket, which I
was careful to spread out to catch the discarded material. The
beetles were at all times very difficult to see, being almost the color
of the dead leaves and twigs and feigning death for a long time.
When one of them finally concluded to " come to " it moved more
slowly than any weevil I have ever known, and it was only by watch-
ing for motion, much as one does when using a sifting net, that it
was discerned.

That evening I took my copy of the " Rhynchophora of N. E.
America," and in a few minutes discovered that I had captured a
real prize, it being none other than Hormops ahdnccns Lee, de-
scribed^ forty-two years before from a single specimen taken at
Capron, Fla., by Hubbard and Schwarz and otherwise known by
only one other specimen, the latter beaten by Schwarz from a dead
branch on Plummer's Island, Md. It was from this Maryland speci-
men in the U. S. National Museum collection that the description in
the " Rhynchophora of N. E. America " was in part drawn up.

The next day, February 16, found me back at the hammock, deter-
mined to make a " clean-up." I first went over the debris which I

1 In "The Rhynchoi)hora of America North of Mexico," 1876, 321.

158 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^"'- xxvi.

had cast aside into a heap the day before, crushing it into finer bits
over the rubber blanket. From this I got ten specimens which had
escaped my previous search. I then cut a long pole and beat down
the remainder of the original home, getting therefrom twenty-five
additional specimens. I had, therefore, secured altogether fifty-four
of the weevils from the one bunch or colony, and put the species
securely on the map as an inhabitant of Florida. During the six
winters I have spent at Dunedin, I have beaten similar bunches of
dead leaves and twigs many times, not only in Skinner's Hammock
but in numerous others, and had never happened upon Hormops.
Why it waxed fat and flourished in numbers in that one particular
bunch of rubbish only the fates and the weevils know and they are
forever silent.

I sent a brief announcement of my discovery and a pair of the
weevils to friend Leng, and shortly afterward left for a collecting
trip in the Okeechobee region. When I returned three weeks later
I found awaiting me a letter from him saying : " I certainly congratu-
late you upon this remarkable capture and it happens most oppor-
tunely, for Dr. David Sharp is at work upon an exhaustive study of
the genitalia of weevils and I have been trying to supply him with
the genera he lacked, of which, of course, Honuops was one. He
says that specimens killed in ether and afterwards transferred to
distilled water give much better results than dried specimens, because
in such the delicate muscles are too stiff for manipulation under the
microscope. I hope that you may be able to find more of this inter-
esting insect, so as to send Dr. Sharp specimens killed as he suggests."

Now both ether and distilled water were difficult to obtain about
Dunedin, and I concluded that the best thing I could do would be to
try and find some living specimens and send them to Dr. Sharp. On
the day after my return, therefore, I sought again the hammock, and,
working over the old pile of debris, found three more specimens which
I started alive across the Atlantic to him. Taking home three or four
quarts of the comminuted rubbish, I put it into some covered jars, and
later, on each of two different occasions, found in it a pair of the
beetles, the total catch for the season being sixty-one individuals. It
is probable that the weevils had clung closely to one side or hidden
beneath a folded edge of a leaf, and so escaped observation. It is
possible also that some were in the pupal stage and emerged as adults

Sept.-Dcc, I9i8.] BlATCHLEY: HoME OF HoRMOPS. 159

during the six weeks the debris was under investigation, though no
larvse or pupae were seen at any time.

The beetle is but 3.5 to 4 mm. in length, dark reddish-brown in
hue and thinly clothed with long, prostrate yellow hairs. It is the
more interesting in that it is the sole representative of the tribe Hor-
mopini, the principal distinguishing character of which is the very
large eyes which are coarsely granulated, widely separated and almost
invisible above and nearly contiguous beneath. This character led
Dr. LeConte {loc. cit.) to make the following remarks regarding its
relationship to other weevils:

"The subfamily of genuine CnrcuUonincc fitly closes with a very
anomalous insect, which while having relations with several of the
earlier tribes, exhibits in addition a character which is otherwise
seen in .one of the subfamilies of the Calandridcc." He then described
this character, viz., the peculiar eyes above mentioned, and after
giving an extended description of the tribe adds : " It is possible that
this insect may have relation with some of the anomalous genera
placed by Mr. Wollaston among the Cossonidcc, but as I have had no
opportunity of studying them in nature, I can but timidly suggest the
propriety of comparing this genus with those genera of Cossonidce
in which the eyes are disposed to become confluent beneath. The
entire facies of this insect is so purely Curculionideous that (the
sexual characters being unknown) I would be unwilling to place it
in any other family."

In the " Rhynchophora of N. E. America" Mr. Leng, to whom
fell largely the arrangement of the primary divisions into subfamilies
and tribes,^ retained the insect in the subfamily Curculioninae, but
placed the tribe Hormopini between the Hylobiini and Erirhinini,
this placement being largely based on the form of the antennte.

After returning to Indianapolis I had a letter from Dr. Sharp,
who lives in Brockenhurst, England, and, in spite of his advanced
years, is still an active and enthusiastic worker. He wrote : " I have
been in London for some w^eeks and on returning home find the
Hormops you were so good as to send, two males and one female.
One of the males was dead, the other pair alive, though five weeks in
the little vial. I give a description of the genital structure, which is
Cossonid-like, as follows:

1 See p. 5 of that work.

160 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

"Eighth ventral divided into two transverse plates; eighth dorsal
voluminous, the hind margin not reflexed in the middle, but distinctly
so at the sides. Spiculum long and slender. Tegmen forming a
slender capacious ring, the junction of the sides being V-like, and
not prolonged as a strut; superior appendages apparently obsolete.
Median lobe very peculiar, broad, rather short, very strongly arched,
lower face prolonged and truncate ; upper face membranous and
transparent, allowing a complex armature of the sac to be seen ; struts
as long as the body, slender, strongly elbowed, but with the point of
attachment only membranous.

" If the sac could be everted and restored to the functional con-
dition it would be very interesting, as the armature is clearly very
remarkable.

" I find the creature to be an aberrant genus of Cossonidae ; it
should stand as a separate group Hormopini, somewhere near Rhyn-
cholini. It has not the slightest relation to Calandridse. In Wollas-
ton's System it would come somewhere near Tomolips, but according
to Champion in the Biologia that has a 5- jointed funiculus, though
Wollaston placed it in the 7-jointed lot; he knew, however, that it
had only 5 ! "

It will thus be seen that Dr. LeConte was wrong in placing this
curious weevil in the subfamily Curculioninse and wrong also in sup-
posing that it was closely related to the Calandridse, but right in his
supposition that it might be closely related to some of Wollaston's
genera. Since he had only a single specimen for examination, his
error can be readily condoned. I am not sure that Mr. Leng had
access to even one specimen when he placed the tribe near the Eri-
rhinini. Certain it is that in antennal characters and general facies
it bears a close resemblance to several of the genera of the subtribe
Erirhini of that group. Now that Dr. Sharp has, by his examination
of the male genitalia, fixed its relationship, it can without question
be given its proper location in our future lists of American Coleoptera.

My discovery of the colony of this weevil was purely an accident,
based upon the impulse to spread out a blanket and so search more
closely the cast away material from an umbrella. Such discoveries
are the chief joys of a naturalist's life, and give true zest to his
outings. As Thoreau has somewhere said : " We look for a thing for
a long time and at last come upon the whole family all at once at

Sept.-Dec, i9i8.] VaN DyKK : REVIEW OF GeNUS SiLIS. 161

dinner." While not looking for Hormops, I was overjoyed at meet-
ing it and its capture will long be remembered as one of the most
interesting episodes of my collecting days.

A REVIEW OF THE SPECIES OF THE COLEOP-
TEROUS GENUS SILIS LATR. WHICH ARE
FOUND IN AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO.

By Edwin C. Van Dyke,

Berkeley, Cal.

In this paper are included under Silis, not only all of those spe-
cies which were listed as such by LeConte in his last revision,^ but
also those of Ditcmnus Lee, for as has been shown by Gorham, Pic,
Champion, and other recent workers, the members of the one grade
gradually into the other. As stated by Champion,- the latest to dis-
cuss the genus, Silis may be defined as having the " prothorax with
the lateral margins incised or constricted at or towards the base, and
sometimes (Ditemnus) deeply incised at about the middle also, the
margins more or less lobed, lamellate, or dentate, the lobes often im-
bricate, the tarsal claws uncle ft, and the seventh ventral segment
divided down the middle in J*."' In our fauna, two related genera,
Discodon Gorh. and Polcmins Lee, which have in common with it
the divided seventh ventral segment in the male, form with it the
group Silini. The genus presents many attractive features such as
the peculiar prothoracic armature in the males, the dichromatic and
polychromatic races, and the peculiarities of distribution. The arma-
ture is often grotesque in structure, is always of a distinctive type in
each species and so most useful in classification, and no doubt houses
certain of the special sense papillae. The female as a rule is without
any indication of this structure, having a prothorax with simple out-
lines. She is, therefore, hard to definitely identify unless found in

1 " Synopsis of the Lampyridae of the United Stcites," by John L. LoConte,
M.D., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), pp. 56 and 57.

2 " Revision of the Mexican and Central American Telephorinse (Fam.
Telephoridae), with descriptions of new species," by George Charles Champion,
F.Z.S., Trans. Ent. Soc. London, Vol. 1915, p. 99.

162 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

association with her mate. In the eastern and southern parts of the
country the species are very constant as to color but on the Pacific
coast certain of them are very plastic. Some are truly dichromatic,
with the two color phases in the same territory. Others have their
different color varieties in different though adjacent territories, true
color races, while still others have intermediate as well as the ex-
treme color phases within the same territory and are thus only varia-
ble species. This color plasticity is no doubt due to climatic influ-
ences for other groups of Coleoptera within the same region share
it, such as Pedilus (Corphyra) and certain of the Elateridse such as
some Athoits, Limonms and Agriotes. The lighter colored phases
are generally to be found in the warmer lowlands while the darker
are more restricted to the cooler coastal areas and the high moun-
tains. Another peculiarity with regard to the distribution of this
genus is that many of the more or less isolated mountain ranges of
the southwest are apt to have their own distinctive species.

The genus as now constituted is world wide in its distribution.
There are, however, certain groups which seem to be more or less
definitely restricted to certain localities. With us, the species of the
more typical part of the genus, those with the prothoracic armature
about or close to the posterior angles, are dominant on the Pacific
Slope, but three species being found in the more northern or moun-
tainous part of the Eastern States. Those which belong to the sub-
genus Diteninus and have the prothoracic armature distinctly in front
of the posterior angles, are more southern as a rule in their distri-
bution and quite closely related as a group to those in Mexico and
farther south. As to color, the members of this latter group are gen-
erally bicolored, but one species in our fauna being entirely black,
and quite constant as far as our species are concerned.

The prothoracic armature in general is formed by a portion of
the posterior part of the lateral margin of the prothorax being in-
cised and bounded in front by an angular process or an extension
outwards of the same in the form of a lobe, and bounded posteriorly
by another process which projects outwardly from the side itself or
from just beneath. This latter may be in the form of a spine, a lobe,
or a broad plate, sometimes so large as to completely fill up the
incisure. The inner surfaces of these lobes are usually fringed with
fine erect hairs. The construction of this body varies with each

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] VaN DyKE : REVIEW OF GeNUS SiLIS. 163

species and is in fact the most conspicuous differential character, so
the details of its structure are particularly dwelt upon in the defini-
tion of the species.

In this paper, complete descriptions of only the new species will
be given. The others will, however, be discussed in some detail
which, with the synoptic table and outline drawings of the male pro-
thorax, will. I think, make their identification possible. A large
number of specimens has been at my disposal and served as the basis
for this paper. Besides my own large series, chiefly from the Pacific
Coast, I have examined the specimens in the collections of Dr. F. E.
Blaisdell, Mr. H. C. Fall, Mr. Ralph Hopping, Cornell University,
and the bulk of those in the United States National Museum, the last
received through the courtesy of Dr. E. A. Schwarz and Mr. H. S.
Barber. The LeConte types in the Museum of Comparative Zoology
at Harvard University, I have also been enabled to study through
the kindness of Mr. Samuel Henshaw and Mr. Nathan Banks, and
have likewise seen accurately determined specimens of Mr. Charles
Schaeffer's species received through the generosity of the describer
himself. To the above-mentioned institutions and friends, as well as
others who have helped me in my work, I therefore now wish to
express my thanks.

Table for the Determination of the Species of Silis Latr.
Based Mainly upon Male Characters.

Lateral prothoracic armature situated at or close to the hind angles i

Lateral prothoracic armature situated distinctly in front of the hind

angles (Ditemnns Lee.) i8

I — The posterior appendage of the armature slightly ante-basal and con-
spicuously spinose 2

The posterior appendage of the armature either basal or slightly ante-basal

but not sharply spinose 5

2 — Prothorax narrower than base of elytra and with the process in the form
of a broad plate derived from the side of the prothorax and to a great
extent filling the incisure, its outer face prolonged into a superior
horizontal spine and an inferior prong, the latter close to the hind angle
of the prothorax. Length 8 mm 3

Prothorax fully as wide at base as base of elytra and with a distinct
ante-basal process that is spiniform and that arises close to but below

the posterior angles. Length 6-7 mm 4

3 — Yellow testaceous, head, antennae, and legs more or less duslcy, prothorax
orange yellow. Length 8 mm. (Or., high Sierras of Cal., and
Utah) S. spinigera Lee.

164 Journal Nkw York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxvi.

Black with orange yellow prothorax. (Atlanta, Ida., Garland, Col., and

high Sierras of Cal.) S. spinigera var. munita Lee.

4 — Black with disc of prothorax reddish yellow. (L. Superior, Hudson Bay
Region, Col., N. Mex., Northern Ariz., Cascades of Wash., Kaweah,

Cal.) S. difficilis Lee.

Black with pronotum orange and elytra except apices and most of legs
testaceous. (Cascades and Sierra Nevada Mts.)

S. difficilis var. flavida Lee.
Entirely black. (Very high Southern Sierras of Cal.)

S. difficilis var. carbo n. var.
5 — The anterior angle of armature not conspicuously projecting, the pos-
terior appendage always slightly ante-basal, at least at origin 6

The anterior angle of armature formed into a more or less projecting

appendage, the posterior appendage basal 15

6 — The ante-basal process a more or less compressed process, blunt at apex../

The ante-basal process a mere filament 13

7 — The lateral incisure narrow and moderately deep 8

The lateral incisure broad 10

8 — Ante-basal process arising close to base, moderately long, narrow and
straight, but blunt at apex, antennae over % length of body, color en-
tirely black. Length 5 mm. (Wash., Mt. Jefferson, Ore.)..S. atra Lee.
Ante-basal process broad, antennae barely reaching % length of body.... 9
9 — Upper surface pale yellow, ante-basal process straight and rather long,
elytra simply punctured. Length 5-7 mm. (Western Ore. and most

of Cal.) S. cava Lee.

Upper surface black with disc of pronotum yellow, ante-basal process
short and curxed, elytra scabrous. Length 4.5 mm. (Coastal area of

North. Cal.) S. rugosa n. sp.

10 — The incisure deep, the ante-basal process long, broad, and hardly curved,
black with disc of prothorax orange, antenna; barely reaching •)4
length of body. Length 5-6 mm. (Can., Mich., Ind., Ohio, Mass.,

Tex.) S. percomis Say.

The incisure shallow, the ante-basal process short, narrow, and curved

forwards, antennae longer than 3-4 of body 11

II — Upper surface mostly pale yellow. Length 6 mm. (Western Ore. and

north to Sitka, Alaska) S. pallida Mann.

Upper surface black except disc of pronotum which is orange margined

with black 12

12 — Disc of prothorax without longitudinal impressed line, antennae robust,
elytra simply punctate, not rugose. Length 5 mm. (Coast belt of

Oregon.) S. pallida var. maritima n. var.

Disc of prothorax with distinct longitudinal impression, antennae finely
filiform, elytra coarsely punctate and rugose. Length 5 mm. (Eastern

Wash, and Ore. to Col.) S. vulnerata Lee.

13 — The ante-basal filamentous process long and cur\ed. reaching the an-
terior angle and completely enclosing the incisure 14

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] VaN DyKE : REVIEW OF GeNUS SiLIS. 165

The ante-basal fllamentous process very short and but slightly curved.

Length 4.75 mm. (Panamint Valley, Inyo Co., Cal.)..S. filicornis n. sp.

14 — Upper surface mostly pale yellow. Length 5-6 mm. (Western Ore. and

North. Cal.) S. lutea Lee.

Upper surface black with pronotal disc yellow. Length 5-6 mm.
(Locally along extreme coastal strip from Santa Barbara Cal. to

Wash.) S. lutea var. filigera Lee.

15 — Prothoracic incisure widely opened externally 16

Prothoracic incisure almost completely closed by anterior and posterior

process . ^ 17

16 — The anterior process angulated and directed slightly backwards, the pos-
terior, long, straight, and narrow, directed directly outwards from be-
neath posterior angles. Length 7 mm. (Argus Mts., Cal.)

S. deserticola n. sp.

Both anterior and posterior processes lobed and directed outwards. Black

with pronotum orange red. Length 4.5 mm. (111., Ind., East. N. Y.

to N. Car.) S. spatulata Lee.

17 — Apex of prothorax much narrower than base, sides widely diverging back-
wards, the anterior process of incisure projecting outwardly beyond
normal side line of prothorax and curving backwards until it almost
meets the basal process. Length (>-■] mm. (Northern Ariz.)

S. arizonica n. sp.
Apex of prothorax but little narrower than base, sides but slightly di-
verging backwards, the anterior process projecting obliquely backwards
without interrupting the normal side line of prothorax and meeting the
hook-like extension of the basal process. Length 5.5 mm. (San Ja-
cinto Mts., Cal.) S. fenestrata n. sp.

18 — Posterior margin of prothorax broadly rounded, posterior angles small
but evident, both processes broad, the anterior always ear-like, the

antennas quite filiform 19

Posterior margin of prothorax more or less truncate at middle, antennae

robust and quite serrate 23

19 — Disc of prothorax convex without deep median fossa 20

Disc of prothorax with deep and broad median fossa 22

20 — Species bicolored, black and orange 21

Species entirely black, the anterior and posterior processes both long and
approaching each other, antennae as long as the entire body. Length
6.5 mm. (Huachuca and Pinaleno Mts., Ariz.)...S. nigerrima Schaef.
21 — The anterior process not reaching the blunt triangular posterior process,
the incisure therefore open, the antennae reaching slightly beyond mid-
dle of body. Length 5 mm. (Huachuca and Chiricahua Mts., Ariz.)

S. abdominalis Schaef.

The anterior process overlapping apex of long posterior process, thus

making a fenestra of the incisure, the antennse almost reaching end of

body. Length 6 mm. (Tex.) S. perforata Lee.

22 —The anterior process hardly projecting backwards, the posterior long.

166 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^°^- xxvi.

narrow, bifid at apex, and projecting obliquely backwards, the elytra

margined with yellow. Length 4.5 mm. (Tex.) S. fossiger Lee.

The anterior process projecting well backwards and overlapping the pos-
terior, the posterior a broad plate that ends outwardly in a blunt
tooth and a sharp spine, elytra unicolorous. Length 3.75 mm. (Hot
Springs, Ariz.) S. tricornis n, sp.

23 — Prothorax entirely orange, apical margin of same reflexed and extended
laterally, so as to form well defined lobes, the posterior process broader
than the anterior (of armature), the pronotal disc with shallow lunar

fossa 24

Prothorax an orange-red margined with black, apical prothoracic margins
less reflexed and not expanded laterally into lobes, the posterior
process much narrower than anterior, the pronotal disc with shallow
circular fossa 25

24 — Posterior process but little wider than the anterior, the posterior angles
some distance from process, black with dull yellow prothorax. Length

3.5 mm. (Eastern States.) S. bidentata Say.

Posterior process more than twice the width of anterior, the posterior
angles overlapping base of posterior process, black with reddish yellow
prothorax. Length 4.5-5.5 mm. (Ind., Kan., Mo.).. .S. latiloba Blatch.

25. — (Middle and Southern Cal.) S. obtusa Lee.

Silis spinigera Lee.

Silts spinigera Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. V (1S74), p. 61;

Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., Vol. IX (1881), p. 56.
Silis munita Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., Vol. IX (18S1), p. 56.

These two, as surmised by LeConte, are merely color phases of
one species. It is truly dichromatic in most parts of its range. It is
also our largest species and the only one in which the prothorax of
the male is always distinctly narrower than the base of the elytra.
The eyes are prominent, together as broad as the interocular area;
the antennae fully three fourths the length of the body; the prothorax
one fourth broader than long, with the sides slightly rounded in front
and shallowly excavated at the posterior angles, the anterior bound-
ary of the incisure rounded and the process a broad plate bifurcating
externally into an anterior sharp horizontal spine and a posterior
prong, the hind angles small and blunt, almost concealed by the prong
of the process, the base broadly rounded, the disc feebly convex with
the longitudinal impression defined posteriorly and a deep fovea just
within the incisure as well as an acute tubercle just anterior; the
elytra at base one fourth wider than prothorax and seven times as
long and slightly scabrous. (Plate IX, fig. i.)

Sept-Dec, I9i8.] VaN DykE : REVIEW OF GeNUS SilIS. 167

In the original descriptions, the two spiny projections of the
process were given as the anterior and posterior angles of the in-
cisure, hence have misled those dependent upon them for their
determination. I have therefore thought it best to redescribe it. Of
the first, spinigcra, I have seen besides the type from Oregon, speci-
mens from the following localities in the Sierras of California, Lake
Tahoe, Tuolumne Co., Mariposa Co., Fresno Co., and Tulare Co. ;
and of the second, miinita, besides the type from Atlanta, Idaho,
specimens from Lake Tahoe and the high Southern Sierras of Tulare
Co., Cal., as well as from Utah and from Garland, Col.

Silis difficilis Lee.

Silis difficilis Lee, Agassiz, L. Superior (1850), p. 230; Trans. Amer. Ent.

Soc, Vol. V (1874), p. 60; Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881),

P- 57.
Silis flavida Lee., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., Vol. V (1874), p. 61; Trans.

Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57.

After critically examining a large series of the two forms given
above, I have finally come to the conclusion that they are only phases
of one species. The first, difficilis, is black with the disc of the pro-
thorax an orange red, and is to be found not only in the Lake Supe-
rior region but farther north into the old Hudson Bay Territory,
south through the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and into New
Mexico and northern Arizona, west into British Columbia, the North-
ern Cascades of Washington, and as a stray in the Southern Sierras
of California, probably overlapping from Arizona. The Lake Supe-
rior and more northern specimens are apt to be slightly smaller, with
prothorax less laterally expanded, the antennae more filiform, and the
elytra more scabrous than those of the Rockies and Cascade-Sierra
ranges, though they grade into each other. Flavida is the light
phase, found in the Northern Cascades and the high Sierras. On
Mt. Ranier, Washington, I found it in company with the preceding
phase, but in the major part of the Sierras it is found alone. In
some of the specimens, the prothorax is apparently less broad and
with the anterior angles of the incisure more obtuse than in typical
specimens. Some specimens are also more densely pilose than others.
In the LeConte collection the first specimen of difficilis, the one with
the label, cannot be the type as it bears a New Mexico locality label.
It was described as from the Lake Superior region. Specimen No.
2 is presumably the type. (Plate IX, fig. 3.)

168 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^°^- xxvi.

Silis difficilis var. carbo new variety.

Size, shape, and sculpturing of difficilis but entirely black.

Type and paratype in my collection, the type from Bubbs Creek
Canon, Kings River, California, altitude 9,700 feet, collected July 9,
1910, paratype Rea Lake, Fresno Co., Cal., altitude 10,500 feet, col-
lected July 20, 191 o. Besides these, I have twelve more specimens
in my callection, all males, collected at the some general time and
in the same region, the high Southern Sierras, and have also seen
others in the collections of Mr. Ralph Hopping and of Cornell
University, the specimen in the latter collected by Professor J. C.
Bradley. This dark variety seems to somewhat replace the variety
flavida at the higher altitudes of the Sierras.

Silis atra Lee.

Silis atra Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. XII (1884), p. 22.

This species superficially resembles S. difficilis var. carbo, but it
has a narrower and less explanate prothorax, with sides more par-
allel and straight, the incisure less deep and the marginal angles less
pronounced, the ante-basal process shorter and blunt, not spiniform,
the antennae finer, and the size generally smaller. From cava, to
which it is compared by LeConte, it differs not only in color, but in
having longer antennae, a more broadly opened incisure, and nar-
rower ante-basal process.

Silis cava Lee.

Silis cava Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. V (1874), p. 61 ; Trans.
Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57

We have in this species the palest member of the genus, it having
the legs to a great extent yellow, a feature which the females share
with the male. It is also quite constant in character and quite dis-
tinct. Its range is throughout most of the lowlands of western
Oregon and northern and central California, and it invades the
Sierras to a certain extent. Certain specimens from the hot slopes
of Mt. Pinos, western Kern Co., Cal., are larger and lighter in color
than the general run. (Plate IX, fig. 4.)

Silis rugosa-new species.

Elongate, slightly shining, black with orange pronotum. Head as broad
as apex of prothorax, depressed between the eyes ; eyes moderately prominent
and widely separated; antennae three fourths length of body, quite filiform,

Sept-Dec, 19 is.] Van Dyke : Revif.w OF Genus Silis. 169

the median joints hardly serrate. Prothorax about one fourth broader than
long, as broad as base of elytra, apex broadly rounded, sides straight in front
and but slightly divergent backwards, moderately excavated posteriorly, the
anterior angle of the incisure rounded, the posterior small but acute and de-
cidedly carinated, the ante-basal process short, compressed, rounded at apex
and slightly curved forwards, the base lobed, the disc feebly convex, with the
longitudinal impression fairly well defined posteriorly, the basal foveoe rather
shallow, and the anterior and posterior margins but moderately reflexed.
Elytra about four times as long as prothorax, with sides quite straight but.
slightly diverging backwards, the disc scabrous and finely pilose. Beneath
shining in front, abdomen finely transversely wrinkled and subopaque, the
seventh ventral segment deeply excavated as usual. Length 4.5 mm., breadth
1.7s mm. (Plate IX, fig. 5.)

The female differs by having the prothorax orange with darker
margining, the sides straight and almost parallel to the nonexcavated
but obtuse hind angles, and the antennre but about half the length of
the body.

Type male and female in my collection, taken by myself on Mt.
Tamalpais, Marin Co., Cal., March 14, 1909. A series of eighteen
more specimens from the same locality and one specimen from Fort
Bragg, Mendocino Co., Cal., collected December 21, 1914, are also
in my collection, and I have seen besides good series from Marin
Co., Cal., in the collection of Dr. F. E. Blaisdell.

This species is structurally closest to cava but easily separated
from that by color as well as the details of the armature. Super-
ficially it resembles vidnerata and S. pallida var. maritima, but can
be distinguished by being smaller and proportionally shorter, by
having the pronotum entirely orange except for a black margin, by
having smaller and more filiform antennae, the prothoracic incisure
narrower and with the posterior angles of the same more prominent,
the basal thoracic foveas shallower, and the elytra decidedly scabrous,
not merely punctate, a character which will assist in separating the
females. It seems to be confined to the coastal belt of Middle
California.

Silis percomis Say.

Cantharis percomis Say, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., Vol. I (1835), p. 159;

Ed. Lee, Vol. IL, p. 636.
^Podabriis curtus Lee, Agass., L. Superior (1850), p. 229.
^ Silis longicornis Lee, Agass., L. Superior (1S50), p. 230.
Silts percomis Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe, Vol. V (1874), p. 61 ; Trans.

Amer. Ent. Soe, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57.

170 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

This, apparently the most common of the species in northeastern
America, varies but sHghtly. The anterior angles of the prothoracic
incisure are somewhat more prominent in certain specimens than in
others, where an approach is made towards the condition found in
spatulata. In the latter, the angles are, however, definitely prolonged
into lobes and the posterior processes proceed more definitely from
the base. Percomis is to be found in the Great Lakes region and the
northeastern tier of states. One specimen, from Texas in the Na-
tional Museum collection, has been seen. In the LeConte collections
the specimen bearing the names is not percomis but spatulata. Speci-
mens two and three, the types of longicornis and ciirtus, are correctly
placed. (Plate IX, fig. 6.)

Silis pallida Mann.

Silis pallida Mann., Bull. Mosc, Vol. II (1843), p. 246.
Silis pallida Esch., Dej. Cat., 3 Ed., p. 121.

Silis pallida Leo., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. V (1874), pp. 60 and 62;
Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57.

This Species is black with the pronotum orange margined with
black and with a large median basal black spot as well, and the elytra
of a light yellow suffused with black along the margins and at the
apex. From other light species it can be readily separated by its
shallow incisure and small slightly hooked ante-basal process. It
ranges from Sitka, Alaska, the type locality, south through western
British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. In the last two, the
typical form is most common in the country between the Cascades
and the Coast Range Mountains, the melanotic variety taking its
place west of the coastal mountains. Specimens from Sitka as well
as good series from other parts of its territory have been seen.
(Plate IX, fig. 7.)

Silis pallida var. maritima new variety.

Elongate, shining, black with yellow mandibles and the sides and front
of pronotal disc an orange yellow. Head as broad as apex of prothorax, de-
pressed between the eyes ; eyes moderately prominent and widely separated ;
antennae fairly stout and almost reaching to apex of elytra. Prothorax
broader than long, as broad as base of elytra, apex broadly rounded, sides
in front almost straight and slightly diverging posteriorly, the region of the
posterior angles shallowly incised, the anterior angle of the same obtuse and
the posterior angles small and acute, with a small and short hook-like ante-
basal process projecting outwards from just in front of the posterior angle.

Sept-Dec, 19 18.] VaN DykE : REVIEW OF GeNUS SiLIS. 171

the base broadly lobed, all margins rcflexcd, the disc with deep foveae at base
just within the incisures and with a shallow depression at middle but with-
out a longitudinal impressed line. Elytra about four times length of pro-
thorax, with sides almost parallel and apex quite truncate, the surface dis-
tinctly though discretely punctate, and finely, sparsely pilose. Length 5 mm.,
breadth 1.5 mm.

The female has the antennae finer and shorter, barely reaching to
the middle of the body, the prothorax larger than in the male, as usual
distinctly broader at base than base of elytra, much broader at base
than apex, with sides gradually arcuate to rounded basal angles, color
entirely reddish yellow, the elytra somewhat broader than in male.

Type male and female in my collection, collected by myself at
Marshfield, Oregon, June ii and 12, 1914. Besides these, I have a
series of thirty-three specimens in my collection, from the same place,
all quite constant. This variety is exactly like pallida in every par-
ticular except color, differing in that in having the elytra entirely
black instead of a pale yellow darker at the margins. Specimens of
the typical species are occasionally found with the variety. S. vul-
nerata Lee. is very similar to the above but differs as a rule in having
the median prothoracic black spot prolonged to the apex, thus com-
pletely dividing the reddish yellow area, in having finer and more
filiform antennae, the prothoracic incisure deeper, with its anterior
angle a right angle, the ante-basal process broader and not hooked,
the disc with a distinct though fine longitudinal impressed line, and
the elytra more coarsely closely punctate and scabrous and with apices
more broadly rounded.

Silis vulnerata Lee.

Silis vulnerata Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol V (1874), p. 61 ; Trans.
Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57.

This species which I at first took to be the same as the preceding,
should, however, be readily separated once the very rugose elytra are
noticed. It was described from Oregon. I have seen specimens
from Pullman and Wawawai, Wash., Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, and from
Colorado. It is probably an offshoot of pallida, but has diverged
sufficiently to be quite distinct and has as its territory the upper part
of the Great Basin, or the country east of the Cascades, as pallida
and its variety, the region to the west.

172 Journal New York Entomological Society. f^'°'- -^xvi.

Silis filicornis new species.

Elongate, delicate, slaty black with yellow prothorax. Head as broad as
apex of prothorax, depressed between the eyes; eyes prominent; antennae fili-
form, slender, extending almost to end of body. Prothorax about one fourth
broader than long, apex broadly rounded, sides in front almost straight and
slightly divergent backwards, the incisure but a small rectangular notch at
the posterior angles, with a depressed lamina from the lateral margin form-
ing its anterior boundary and a small thread-like process slightly curving
forwards, its posterior boundary, this process only partially enclosing the
incisure, the posterior angles blunt and not projecting, the disc with a slight
longitudinal depression at middle, a transverse sulcus near posterior margin
ending each side in a small fovese, and with prominent tubercles overhanging
the armature and the posterior margin lobed. Elytra about five times as long
as prothorax, slightly broader behind, narrowly margined, and with disc
rather coarsely, closely, and rugosely punctured, and finely, sparsely pilose.
Beneath uniformly dull and finely rugose, the seventh ventral normally divided.
Length 4.75 mm., breadth 1.75 mm.

Type, a unique male in the collection of the U. S. National Mu-
seum, secured in the Panamint Valley, Inyo Co., Cal, April, 1891, by
Albert Koebele, marked Type, Cat. no. 21694, Panamint Valley
(Koebele).

This species best belongs near S. liitca var. filigera Lee, but it is
narrower and more delicate in every way, with the posterior margin
of the prothorax lobed, not broadly rounded, the posterior angles
almost rectangular and not conspicuous, the incisure a mere notch at
the posterior angles, and the posterior process a very minute thread
which only partially encloses the incisure. It is a most interesting
product of the desert.

Silis lutea Lee.

Silis lutca Lee, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phila., 2d Ed., Vol. V ( ), p.

333; Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. V (1S74), pp. 61 and 62; Trans.

Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57.
Silis pallens Lee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phila., Vol. V (1851), p. 339.
var. filigera Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. V (1874), p. 62; Trans.

Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IV (1S81), p. 57.

These two are simply color phases of one species as is the case
with pallida and maritima and superficially they closely resemble
them. Besides the entirely different type of prothoracic armature,
lutea has in addition as a differentiating character from pallida, the
elytra simply blackened apically, not margined with black as well.
Filigera can best be separated from maritima aside from the arma-

Sept.-Dec, i9i8.] Van Dyke: Review OF Genus Silis. 173

ture, by its having the red area of the pronotum completely bisected.
In the female, the spot is almost bisected. The more rugose elytra
of vulnerata will generally enable that to be separated as will also
the rugose elytra of riigosa that species. Lutea is found more or
less widely distributed throughout western Oregon and the more
western parts of northern and central California, while filigera is
confined to a narrow coastal strip of land. Specimens have been
taken at Santa Barbara, Cal., the type locality, Carmel Bay, Cal.,
Fieldbrook, Humboldt Co., Cal, and Tenino, Wash. Of the three
coastal black forms, this therefore has the greatest distribution for
rugosa only ranges from Marin to Mendocino Co., Cal., and maritima
along the coast of Oregon. (Plate IX, fig. 8.)

Silis spatulata Lee.

Silis spatulata Lcc, Trans. Amer. Eiit. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57.

This eastern black species resembles percomis, as I have stated
before, but it appears to be much scarcer. It has been recorded from
Illinois, the type locality, and Indiana (Blatchley), and I have seen
specimens from Ithaca, N. Y., Plummers Is., Md., and Tryon, N. C.
(Plate IX, fig. 9.)

Silis deserticola new species.

Elongate, large, rather dull, slaty black with entire thorax orange. Head
as broad as apex of prothorax, depressed between the eyes ; eyes prominent,
antennae filiform and reaching three fourths length of body. Prothorax almost
a semicircle in outline, one fourth broader at bast than long, apex broadly
rounded, sides in front almost straight and widely divergent backwards, the
posterior incisure deep and broadly opening almost directly outwards, the an-
terior angle of the same acute, prominent, divergent, and with its posterior
margin reflexed and cariniform, the posterior angles small and acute, the
posterior process a blunt spine of moderate length projecting directly out-
wards from beneath the posterior angles, the base broadly lobed and including
processes, of same breadth as base of elytra, the disc with deep foveae just
within the incisures and with distinct longitudinal sulcus at middle. Elytra
about six times as long as prothorax, slightly wider posteriorly, moderately
coarsely, closely punctured, somewhat scabrous, and with an evident though
short white pubescence. Beneath shining in front and dull and rugose over
abdomen. Length 7 mm., breadth 3 mm.

Type and paratype in the collection of the United State Museum,
collected in the Argus Mountains, a desert range of southeastern
California, May, 1891, by Albert Koebele and marked Type and Para-
type, Cat. no. 21694, Argus Mts., Cal. (Koebele).

174 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

This species is one of the largest in our fauna, only exceeded in
size b}- spinigcra and equaled by arizonica. Like the latter, it has a
prothorax which is very much broader at base than at apex, but has
an armature of a different type. The prothoracic incisure is more
nearly that of difficilis but the anterior angles of the incisure are
strongly reflexed along their posterior margins, whereas that char-
acter is lacking in the latter, and the posterior process is broader and
blunter. The general shape of deserticola is also different, very
broad behind, and the basal fovese are several times larger and the
disc deeply sulcate as against one that is unimpressed.

Silis arizonica new species.

Elongate, large, moderately shining, black with an entirely orange pro-
thorax. Head as broad as apex of prothorax, depressed between the eyes;
eyes prominent ; antennae filiform and reaching fully three fourths length of
body. Prothorax over one fourth broader at base than long and broader than
base of elytra, apex broadly rounded, sides in front almost straight and
widely diverging backwards, the posterior incisure a small fenestra bounded
in front by a hook-like process, the extension of the anterior angles, and
posteriorly by a broad and rounded process which extends directly outwards
from beneath the moderatly developed acute hind angles, this process having
at its middle a crest that extends forward and almost meets the anterior
process so as to partially close the incisure, the entire armature protruding
outwardly from the posterior angles, well beyond the line of the lateral mar-
gin, the posterior margin narrowly lobed, and the disc with small deep fovese
just within the lateral armature but otherwise without any sculpturing of
note. Elytra about 5.5 times as long as prothorax, wider posteriorly, coarsely,
closely punctate, and scabrous, with short, fine, and sparse ashen pubescence.
Beneath slightly shining in front and dull and rugose over abdomen. Length
7 mm., breadth 2.75 mm. (Plate IX, fig. 11.)

Type in my own collection, captured at Prescott, Ariz., August,
1910, by Mr. J. August Kusche. In the National Museum series of
specimens are nine males and three females of the same species, all
collected in May and June, at Williams, Ariz., by Barber and
Schwarz. They are all somewhat smaller than the type, averaging
but 6 mm. in length. The females are slightly broader than their
mates, with finer and shorter antennae, and with the prothorax quite
transverse, almost twice as wide as long, the apex broadly rounded,
sinuate just before the anterior angles, the angles themselves ob-
liquely truncate, sides straight except just in front of posterior
angles where slightly sinuate, the posterior angles nearly rectangular,
and the posterior margin broadly lobed.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] VaN DyKE : REVIEW OF GeNUS SiLIS. 175

This species is somewhat suggestive of deserticola, particularly
as regards the greater breadth of the prothorax posteriorly, but its
armature is much like that seen in fenestrata. It is a species of the
highlands of northern Arizona, a region where S. difficilis Lee. is
also to be found.

Silis fenestrata new species.

Elongate, but slightly shining, black with disc of prothorax orange.
Head as broad as apex of prothorax, depressed between the eyes ; eyes mod-
erately prominent and well separated; antennae reaching over three fourths
the length of body, quite filiform, the median joints not serrate; prothorax
about one fourth broader than long, as broad as base of elytra, apex broadly
rounded, sides in front almost straight, divergent posteriorly, the posterior
incisure small and almost entirely closed, the acute anterior angle bounding
it extending obliquely backwards, overlapping, and partially locking with the
hook-like process of the posterior appendage, this latter projecting outwardly
from the base itself, the outer part of the armature not extending beyond the
normal lateral margin, the base lobed, the disc feebly convex with a poorly
defined longitudinal' impression and rather deep basal fovese, and the anterior
and posterior margins moderately reflexed. Elytra four and a half times
as long as prothorax, widest one third distant from apex, the disc rather
coarsely and closely punctured, somewhat rugose and dull, and rather finely,
sparsely clothed with cinereous pile as usual. Beneath shining in front and
dull rugose over abdomen. Length 5.5 mm., breadth 2 mm. (Plate IX,
fig. 10.)

Type, a unique male in my collection, given to me by Mr. J. C.
Bridwell, who captured it on Mt. San Jacinto, southern California,
July, 19 1 2.

It is a species which has its closest relative in arizonica but its
non-protuberant armature will readily separate it from that.

Silis nigerrima Schaef.

Silis nigerrima Schaef., Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Vol. XVI (1908), p. 66.

This species forms, with the three following, a group which while
having the general facies, type of antennae, and so forth, character-
istio of the species which precede, yet shares with the succeeding
three and more typical members of the subgenus Ditemnus their most
important features, and thus serves as a connecting link between
the two groups. It is entirely black and the most distinctly charac-
terized of the three all black forms found within our territory. So
far, it has only been found in the mountains of southern Arizona,
such as the Huachuca and at Camp Grant in the Pinaleno Mountains.
(Plate IX, fig. 12.)

176 Journal New York Entomological Society. n'"i- xxvi.

Silis abdominalis Schaef.

Silis abdominalis Schaef., Journ. X. Y. Ent. Soc, Vol. XVI (igo8), p. 66.
The color, the less protuberant armature, smaller posterior lobe,
and shorter antennae, will readily separate this species from the pre-
ceding. It was described as from the Huachuca Mountains, but has
also been taken in the Chiricahua Mountains, also in southern Ari-
zona. (Plate IX, fig. 13.)

Silis perforata Lee.

Silis perforata Lee, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 57.

This Species is very closely related to abdominalis, but is gener-
ally more elongate, grayer, more coarsely pilose, with only the front
of head, prothorax, and abdomen yellow, whereas the other has the
base of the antennae and basal portion of legs also similarly colored,
the prothorax proportionally broader, the anterior lobe of the arma-
ture longer and more distinctly truncate apically, the posterior lobe
more posterior, longer, broader, and more lamellate, extending out-
wardly well beneath the apex of the anterior so that a definite fenestra
appears when the view is from above, the basal foveae distinct though
small in contrast to the other where they merge with the basal sulcus.
The female has the prothorax transverse, completely and broadly
margined, with the apical margin broadly arcuate, the basal more dis-
tinctly arcuate, the sides slightly sinuate, and the hind angles small
and obtuse. The antennae are also shorter than in the male, as usual,
extending barely to the middle of the body in contrast to the male
where they extend fully three fourths the length of the body. The
species seems to be limited to Texas, specimens before me being from
San Antonio, Corpus Cristi, and San Diego.

Silis fossiger Lee.

Ditemnus fossiger Lee, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 58.

This very pretty species, the only definitely vittate one in our
fauna, has in common with the following, the deep median pit in the
male pronotum and similar type of armature but it differs in detail
by having the anterior lobe not produced backwards, by the posterior
process being distinctly separated from it and by extending back-
wards as a narrow parallel-sided process with a deep emargination
at apex. The process also is distinctly separated from the posterior

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] VaN DykE : REVIEW OF GeNUS SilIS. 177

angles as in nigcrrima. The males have the elytra laterally mar-
gined with yellow. The prothorax of the female is almost squarely
truncate in front, broadly rounded posteriorly, and with sides almost
straight but divergent to the obliquely truncated hind angles, the
elytra distinctly rugose whereas they are not so in the males, and
with both lateral and sutural margins yellow. It is found in Texas,
specimens from Dimmit Co. and Brownsville having been seen.
The Mexican, 6\ dilaccrata Gorh. is its closest relative and is in fact
but a mere variety of this as comparison with an authoritatively
determined specimen has shown. The latter has only the black
median longitudinal pronotal stripe to separate it. In the LeConte
collection the specimen bearing the label is undoubtedly not the type.
In fact it is not fossigcr at all but the following, tricornis. The type
from Texas is probably in the Horn collection. LeConte retained an
Arizona specimen for his collection but did not carefully compare it
with the Texas type.^

Silis tricornis new species.

Small, short, but slightly shining, black with prothorax orange, slightly
maculated in front and behind with black. Head as broad as apex of pro-
thorax and depressed between the eyes. Prothorax about one third broader
than long, apex straight and not reflexed, sides diverging from apex for an-
terior third, then merging with the lateral armature which consists of a broad
horn-like process extending backwards from in front of the middle and a
broad plate extending outwardly from behind it terminating in an anterior
tooth and a posterior spine, the opening between the two processes narrow,
the basal angles small, very acute, and somewhat posterior to the armature,
the base truncately lobed, the disc with a broad, deep fossa at middle, and
transverse sulcus close to basal margin. Elytra slightly more than four times
length of prothorax, somewhat wider posteriorly, broadly rounded apically,
distinctly margined, the disc scabrous and with a sparse yellowish pile. Be-
neath opaque and finely rugose. Length 3.75 mm., breadth 1.5 mm.

Type, a unique in the National Museum collection, taken at Hot
Springs, forty-five miles north-northwest of Phoenix, Ariz., June 22,
by Barber and Schwarz, and marked Type, Cat. no. 21696, Hot
Springs, Ariz. (Schwarz and Barber). The specimen is somewhat
mutilated, the antennse having been lost. A second specimen is in
the LeConte collection, labeled as fossiger.

1 Upon examining the Horn Collection, I iind that niy surmise is correct.
The Texas specimen upon which the description is based is there. Tt is there-
fore the true type. With it are five other specimens, all from Arizona, and all
like the LeConte specimen.

178 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'°i- xxvi.

The peculiar armature of this insect makes it very distinct but the
deeply pitted pronotum shows its relationship to the preceding. In
the characteristics of the posterior lobe it shows an approach to the
Mexican 5". hiauriciilata Champ., but it has a much simpler type of
anterior lobe than has the species from farther south. The uni-
colorous elytra also separates it. (Plate IX, fig. 2.)

Silis bidentata Say.

Cantharis? bidentata Say., Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Vol. \^, p. 169 ;
Ed. Lee, Vol. II, p. 278.

Silis lepida Dej., Cat., 3d Ed., p. 121.

Silis bidentata Say, Proc. Acad. Nat. So. Phila., Vol. V (1851), p. 339.

Ditemniis bidentatus Lee, Class. Col. N. Am., Smith. Mis. Coll., Vol. Ill
(1861-62), p. 189; Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX (1881), p. 58.

This common Eastern species seems to be distributed throughout
the Middle and South Atlantic States and along the western flanks
of the Alleghany Mountains, but from Indiana west to the Rockies
it appears to be replaced to a great extent by the following. It is
also fairly constant though the color of the head is apt to be red in
the northern specimens and piceous in the southern specimens. (Plate
IX, fig. 14.)

Silis latiloba Blatch.

Ditemnus latilobus Blatch Col., Indiana, p. 837.

This differs from the preceding mainly in being larger, in having
the head uniformly piceous, the posterior lobe of the lateral thoracic
armature more than twice the width of the lobe in front and with its
outer margin obliquely truncate, and the lateral extension of the
apical margin less lobe-like. It was described from Indiana but speci-
mens have also been seen from Minnesota, Iowa, Nebraska, and Mis-
souri. It seems to be rather common in Missouri.

Silis obtusa Lee.

Ditemnus obtusns Lee, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. V (1874), p. 62.

The prothorax broadly bordered with black, the entire absence of
lateral lobing to the anterior margin, the broader anterior lobe of the
armature and its projection backwards, the smaller and more hook-
like posterior lobe, and the deep and rounded median fossa, distinctly
separates this species from either of the preceding two. It is found
in both middle and southern California, but is more common in the
latter region. (Plate IX, fig. 15.)

Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc.

Vol. XXVI. PL IX.

O o

Sept.-Dcc, igis.j Van Dyke : New Cave-Dwelling Carabid/E. 179

Explanation of Plate IX.

Outline, slightly diagrammatic, drawings of male prothorax of the species
of Silis in America, north of Mexico.

Fig.

I.

Silis spinigera Lee.

Fig.

2.

Silis tricornis n. sp.

Fig.

3.

Silis difficilis Lee.

Fig.

4.

Silis cava Lee.

Fig.

5-

Silis rugosa n. sp.

Fig.

6.

Silis percoiiiis Say.

Fig.

7.

Silis pallida Mann.

Fig.

8.

Silis lutea Lee.

Fig.

9-

Silis spatulata Lee.

Fig.

10.

Silis fenestrata n. sp.

Fig.

II.

Silis arisonica n. sp.

Fig.

12.

Silis nigerrima Schaef.

Fig.

13.

Silis ahdominalis Schaef.

Fig.

14.

Silis hidentata Say.

Fig.

IS-

Silis obtusa Lee.

A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF CAVE-DWELLING

CARABIDiE (COLEOPTERA) FROM THE

UNITED STATES.

By Edwin C. Van Dyke.
Berkeley, Cal.

While working over the collection of Coleoptera belonging to the
department of entomology, Cornell University, this last year, I found
among the unassigned material, a very peculiar Carabid which I
immediately recognized as something entirely new. This through
the courtesy of the department and the discoverer I am permitted to
describe. The beeitle was kindly figured for me by Mr. C. H.
Kennedy.

Comstockia, new genus.
Elongate, slender. Antennte slender, very long, three basal joints
glabrous, first joint stout, second narrow and but two thirds length
of first, third three times length of second, fourth to eleventh grad-
ually shorter and fifth to eleventh increasingly stouter. Head elon-
gate elliptical, much prolonged posteriorly and narrowed to a distinct

180

Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxvi.

neck with posterior part a semiglobular condyle ; front with two su-
praorbital setigerous punctures, the posterior with distinct setae, the
anterior faint and without setae; clypeus moderately prolonged and
with setigerous punctures each side; labrum transverse, feebly emar-
ginate, margin sexsetose. Eyes absolutely wanting. Mandibles mod-
erately prominent, prognathous, arcuately acute at tip, and without
setigerous puncture in scrobe. Maxillae slender, ciliate and spinose
within, the outer lobe slender and with two equal joints, the palpi
slender and long, joints two and three about equal in length, the
terminal one three fourths length of third, fusiform, and somewhat
robust. Submentum moderately deeply emarginate and with blunt
tooth at center; the ligula slender, rounded at apex and bisetose; the

Fig. I.

palpi slender, last joint oval and acute, the penultimate bisetose in
front. Thorax elongate, a bit wider at widest part than head, margin
distinct, sides without setae but with very vague signs of numerous

Sept.-Dec, 19I8.J Van Dyke : New Cave-Dwelling Caraiud^. 181

punctures. Body subpedunculate, scutellum acutely triangular and
prolonged between the elytra. Elytra elliptical, not margined at base,
lateral margin distinct and entire, without internal plica, apices with-
out sinuation, acute and divergent, disc striate, without evident dorsal
punctures. Prosternum carinate in front and slightly prolonged at
tip. Alesosternum oblique, the epimera narrow. Metasternal epi-
mera distinct, posterior coxae supposedly contiguous (specimen some-
what injured at this point). Legs very long and slender; middle and
posterior tibiae slightly ciliate externally, the anterior deeply emargi-
nate one fourth distance from apex, the apical spurs distinct and slen-
der; the tarsi slender, all joints long, slender and simple, the first
longer than the two following together, the claws simple.

Genotype : Comstockia subterranea n. sp.

This genus is founded upon a peculiar cave-dwelling beetle of the
family Carabidae. Judged by its major characters, it would fall in
the tribe Ctenodactylini as defined by Horn,i but it differs rhaterially
from any of the known genera included within that. In general, it
has the elongated head of one of the more highly specialized species
of Anophfhalmus like A. tellkampfi Er., a cave beetle belonging to
another and quite widely separated tribe ; a prothorax which simu-
lates in outline that of an Agra, a genus of arboreal beetles which
show a decided affinity with the Ctenodactylini; and elytra which are
very similar to certain members of the genus Platynus, especially P.
myrmecodes Horn. It shows in a high degree its adaptation to a
cave life as indicated by its bleached-out appearance, its lack of
eyes, its extremely long and slightly clubbed antennae, and very long
and delicate legs. It is also interesting as being the first typical cave
beetle from North America that shows relationships with genera of
southern rather than of northern origin, as indicated by having
affinities with Casiionia and Agra, characteristic genera of South
America.

The generic name is given in honor of its discoverer. Professor
J. H. Comstock, a man who has contributed so much to the advance-
ment of American entomology.

1 '' On the Genera of Carabidas with special reference to the fauna of
Boreal America," by George H. Horn, M.D., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. IX
(1881-82), pp. 145-146.

182 Journal New York Entomological Society.

[Vol. XXVI.

C. subterranea new species.

Pale rufo-testaceous, head and thorax shining. Elytra dull. Head ellip-
tJl^l excluding the globular basal part, about three times as long as broad and
three fourths as broad as prothorax, broadly and shallowly grooved at sides
of front and with a few fine striae within the grooves and posterior to the
same; the antenn^e fully three fourths length of body and with outer joints
somewhat enlarged. Prothorax about three times as long as broad, base
slightly emarginate. Apex truncate and three fourths width of base, the sides
gradually divergent and almost straight from apex to beyond middle where
they become slightly arcuate and then gradually sinuate to base, the lateral
margin finely but distinctly and acutely defined, more evident hasally, the disc
smooth and but slightly convex, the median longitudinal line fine and extend-
ing from base to close to apex, the anterior and basal transverse lines vaguely
defined. Elytra elliptical, over twice as long as broad and two and a half
times as broad as thorax, apices of each elytron obtusely pointed and di-
vergent, the lateral margin clearly defined and slightly reflexed, the disc barely
convex and with striae fine and complete, the surface minutely alutaceous.
Body beneath dull. Length 8.5 mm., breadth 2 mm.

Type, a unique female captured March 12-18, 1903, in a cave
near Austin, Texas, by Professor J. H. Comstock. The specimen is
now deposited in the collection of the entomological department of
Cornell University at Ithaca, N. Y.

BOREAPHILUS, A GENUS OF STAPHYLINID
COLEOPTERA NEW TO NORTH AMERICA.

By Howard Notman,
Brooklyn. N. Y.

The genus Borcaphilns was first described by Sahlberg. (Ins.
Fenn. I, 433, i.) It has not been possible to consult this description.
It is stated by Lacordaire, however, that Erichson's description is a
repetition of the original. (Erich. Gen. et Sp. Staph., p. 899; Lac.
Gen. des Col.. II, p. 138.) It is as follows:

"Palpi anteriores 4-articulati, articulo tertio clavato, ultimo parvo,
subulato, posteriores minuti, filiformes. Mandibula elongata, tenuis,
falcata, Integra. Antennae subfiliformes, extrorsum paulo crassiores.
Corpus postice dilatatum. Caput orbiculatum, subexsertum. Thorax
oblongus."

Sept-Dec, 1918.] NOTMAN : BoRKAPHILUS. 183

The type species is B. hciiiiiiigianiis Sahib. (Erichs., /. c. ; Kraatz,
Berl. Ent. Zeits., I, 1857, p. 41.)

The genus was enlarged by Lacordaire to include Coryphinm
Steph. (Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., V, p. 344; Lac, I. c, p. 137)— a change
suggested by Erichson (/. c, p. 900). Neither of these authors
had seen specimens of Coryphimn (angusticoUc, Steph.), nor are
specimens now at hand. A good figure, however, is given in a paper
by Dr. Kraatz (Berl. Ent. Zeit., I, 1857, taf. I), where it may be seen
that Coryphinm differs much in form from Borcaphihis but bears a
strong resemblance to Eudectns, differing from the latter in the less
sharply angulate sides of the thorax. The thorax of Coryphinm is
obcordate (Steph., I. c. ; Muls. et Rey, Soc. Linn. Lyon, p. 392) ; that
of Boreaphilus is oblong and subangulate a little before the middle.
A difference in the antennae is also given ; in Coryphinm scarcely
thicker towards the extremity with the first two joints scarcely in-
crassate ; in Boreaphilus distinctly thicker towards the extremity with
the first joint strongly incrassate, the second a little less so. (Muls.
et Rey, /. c.) However, this thickening of the outer joints of the
antennas is more apparent in B. velox than in B. henningianus, which
is not included in the work of Mulsant and Rey here cited. Coryphinm
is placed as a distinct genus in the Catalogus of Gemniinger and
Harold (H, p. 664), and in subsequent authors.

These genera, Boreaphilus, Coryphinm, Endectus and the genera
Niphetodes and Ephelinus {Ephelis) are placed together in a well-
marked group of the Omaliini, differing by the strongly incrassate
and truncate third joint of the maxillary palpi and the small subulate
fourth joint.

Another genus now regarded as a synonym of Boreaphilus de-
serves mention — Chevrieria was described by Heer. (Fn. Helv., I,
1838-1842, p. 188.) It has been impossible to consult this descrip-
tion, but the genus is said to have been separated from Boreaphilus
by a character — the presence of a strong tooth on the mandibles (Kr.,
I. c., p. 36), since found to be also present in Boreaphilus. The type
species, B. vclox Heer, differs from the other Boreaphili in the pres-
ence of fully developed wings, which seems to have escaped notice,
for none of the authors consulted, with one exception mention the
fact that the under wings in B. henningianus are almost entirely
aborted and unsuited for flight; the exception being the description

184 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

by Haliday of B. henningianns in the Entomologist, Vol. I, p. 187, as
follows : " Bor. hcnningianus. Aptcrus, thorace oblongo capita an-
gustiore et elytris thorace parum longioribus fortiter punctatis."

Niphctodcs was described by Miller (Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien,
XVIII, 1868, p. 16), and made a subgenus of Boreaphilus by Gangl-
bauer. (Kaf. v. Mittleu., II, p. 700.) The genus was subsequently
recognized as valid by Ganglbauer. (Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien, II,
1896, p. 174.) The species placed in this genus are said to be wing-
less; a fact which has not been verified from lack of material. It has
been ascertained that in Niphetodes deubeli Gangl. the elytra are
solidly anchylosed, which is not the case in B. hcnningianus.

Miller's description of Niphetodes is as follows:

" Mandibulje tenues, falcatae, medio dente longiore armatse.

" Maxillae malis elongatus, mala interiore intus apice ciliata.

" Palpi maxillares articulo tertio tumido, quarto minimo, subulato.

" Palpi labiales articulo primo secundo duplo longiore.

" Prothorax lateribus rotundatus.

" Elytra prothdracis longitudine ; alse desunt.

" Tibiae muticre, tarsi articulis quatuor primis longitudine sub-
aequalibus."

To which may be added, as Ganglbauer states, that the ocelli are
lacking, a fact which distinguishes the species from the rest of the
Omaliini.

An examination of specimens of A'', deubeli Gangl. and N. eppel-
sheimi Gangl. shows that the thorax of deubeli is like that of Borea-
philus henningianus, and that of eppelsheimi is like that of Coryphiiim
angusticolle, being more or less cordate. It is, however, slightly nar-
rower than the head. B. deubeli is placed in a subgenus Hypsono-
thrus by Ganglbauer,

The genus Ephelinus Cock (EpJielis Fauv.) is of interest as con-
taining three species described by LeConte, placed originally by him
in Coryphium. (Lee. New Sp. Col., I, 1863, p. 57.) The only struc-
tural character given by him is that of the shape of the thorax, thus :
(i) pallidum, "thorace latitudine baud breviore, postice parum an-
gustato lateribus serrulatis." (2) gutfatum, "thorace latitudine baud
breviore, postice modice angustato, lateribus obsolete serrulatis, callo
dorsali pone medium laevi." (3) notatum, "thorace latitudine baud
breviore, postice paulo angustato, lateribus serrulatis, callo postico
dorsali."

Sept.-Dcc, igiS.] NOTMAN : BOREAPIIILUS. 185

The species were later placed in a new genus, Ephelis, by Fauvel,
who redescribed two of the species, guttata and notata, from speci-
mens in his possession. He distinguishes them thus :
a. Corselet subcordiforme, non transverse, nettement dilate au ler

tiers anterieur guttata

h. Corselet subquadrangulaire, legerement transverse, a peine elargi

au ler quart anterieur notata

He comments on the genus thus : " Ce genre me parait bien dis-
tinct des Coryphium et des genres voisins par la forme des palpes
maxillaires et surtout la structure de ses tarses anterieurs et pos-
terieurs. Son facies est aussi tres different et special." The palpi
of Ephelis are described thus: "Palpi maxillares articulo penultimo
apice truncato, ultimo brevissimo, minus gracili, vix conspicuo."
According to Leconte the first joint of the posterior tarsi is slightly
longer. (Lee. Horn, Class. Col., p. 104.) The genus is changed to
Ephelinus Cock, in the latest catalogue for nomenclatural reasons.
(Coleopterorum Catalogus, Pars 19, p. 83.)

The description of the head and thorax given by Stephens and
Mulsant and Rey for Coryphium and Fauvel for Ephelis are as fol-
lows: Stephens — "head triangular, unequal above; thorax not so wide
as the head, obcordate, with the sides somewhat margined " ; Mulsant
and Rey — "Tete grande, proeminente, subtriangulaire, environ de la
largeur du prothorax, bifoveolee en avant, subechancree et forte-
ment resserree a la base, portee sur un col tres court mlis bien
tranche, aussi large ou a peine plus large que la moitie du vertex";
Fauvel — " Caput basi non constrictum, insertum, linea basali trans-
versal! nulla"; and in the redescription of guttata Lee. — " thorace
paulo longiore quam latiore, latitudine maxima capite paulo latiore."
From these descriptions it would seem that in LeConte's three species
the head is as wide as the thorax or slightly narrower and that the
thorax is not or less strongly transverse than in Coryphium.

It is worth noting that the description of Coryphium given by
Ganglbauer (Kafer, Mittleu., H, p. 701) is not in accord with the
original description in Stephens or the later one in Mulsant and Rey.
" Halsschild quer, breiter als der Kopf und viel breiter als lang, vor
der Mitte gerundet erweitert, massig gewolbt, mit sehr schmall aber
deutlich gekehlt abgesetztem, fein gekerbtem Seitenrand."

Four specimens labelled Borcaphilus henningianus Sahl. have been

186 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'"'- xxvi.

examined. Three of these are alike in every respect and are taken
to be the type species. One of two specimens in the collection
of the American Museum of Natural History is different and is iden-
tified as B. sahlbergi Popp. That species is distinguished as follows:
" Sehr nahe verwandt mit B. heimingianus Sahib, unterscheidet sich
aber durch schmaleren Kopf, der sparlicher punktiert ist, besonders
aber durch den bedeutend schmaleren und etwas langeren Halsschild,
der nach hinten etwas starker verengt ist. Die Fliigeldecken sind
etwas langer, viel weitlaufiger und etwas feiner punktiert und starker
glanzend." The two American specimens at hand most closely re-
semble this specimen, which carries the pin label " Fennia. Reitter."
They differ in having smaller heads, shorter and more strongly dilated
elytra with less prominent shoulders and the elytral punctures are
coarser and less closely placed. They differ in these respects from
B. henningiamis and also in the thorax more strongly narrowed be-
hind. In one of the specimens the ocelli are very indistinct.

Omaliini.
Boreaphilus, Sahib.

Body subelongate or oblong, scarcely convex, pubescent, alate or
apterus.

Head large, prominent, suborbicular, larger than the thorax, bifo-
veolate in front, subemarginate and very strongly constricted at the
base with a short, rather narrow neck, one half the width of the
head at the vertex or scarcely narrower. Ocelli very distinct, distant,
more or less behind the posterior margin of the eyes. Tempora
mutic at the sides, genae rather strongly mammillate beneath, gula
strongly impressed. Epistoma convex, front broadly and feebly bi-
impressed between the eyes, truncate and obsoletely margined in
front. Labrum very short, broadly truncate at apex. Mandibles
elongate, slender, very acute, strongly falcate, unidentate internally.
Maxillary palpi strongly developed, first joint small, second elongate,
subarcuate, subclavate, third large strongly incrassate, pyriform,
truncate at apex, the last minute, subulate. Labial palpi small, three-
jointed, the last slender, the first stouter, subequal in length, slightly
larger at apex. Mentum large, transverse, truncate or scarcely sin-
uate at apex, anterior angles visibly projecting. Eyes moderate or
rather small, semiglobular, projecting, more or less distant from the

Sept. -Dec, I9i8.] NoTMAN : BOREAPHILUS. 187

neck. Antennae short, more or less robust, almost straight, distinctly
thickened externally, first joint strongly incrassate, very shortly oval,
second slightly less incrassate, stouter than the third, the latter ob-
conic or elongate conic, the following submoniliform, the outer joints
more or less transverse, the last very shortly oval.

Prothorax oblong or suboblong, subattenuate in front, slightly
rounded at apex, truncate at base, subangulate-dilate on the sides
before the middle, scarcely narrowed or somewhat narrowed behind,
very much narrower than the elytra, very finely margined at base
and on the sides. Epipleurse large, visible at the sides, rather narrow
in front, dilated and rounded behind.

Scutellum rather small, subogival.

Elytra rather large, suboblong, a little longer than the breast,
longer than the thorax, truncate at apex, broadly rounded at the
postero-external angles, subrectilinear and distinctly margined at the
sides, more finely at apex. Epipleuras rather strongly inflexed, sub-
arcuate, acute posteriorly. Shoulders prominent.

Prosternum rather strongly developed before the anterior coxae,
angulate. and submucronate posteriorly. Mesosternum moderate,
subacute behind, the prolongation hardly reaching the middle of the
intermediate coxa;. Mesepisternum rather large, separated from the
mesosternum by an obsolete margin. Mesepimera moderate, oblong,
oblique. Metasternum rather large, not sinuate at the insertion of
the posterior coxae, feebly angulate between them, angulate between
the intermediate coxae and linearly prolonged to the point of the
mesosternum. Metepisternum acutely elongate. Metepimera con-
cealed.

Abdomen rather short, shorter than the elytra, large, subacumi-
nate posteriorly, side margins broad and elevated, more or less cov-
ered at base, segments subequal, the sixth rather well developed, the
armature (J*) sometimes apparent. The sixth ventral rather well
developed, the seventh sometimes very distinct.

Anterior coxse moderate, shorter than the femora, projecting,
conic, subcontiguous. The intermediate almost as large, scarcely
projecting, conic-suboval, slightly distant. The posterior rather large,
subcontiguous within, upper lamella transverse, narrow exteriorly,
suddenly dilated interiorly, lower lamella rather narrow subvertical.

Feet moderate. Anterior and intermediate trochanters small, sub-

188 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^oi. xxvi.

cuneiform, the posterior slightly larger, subelongate. Femora sub-
compressed, rather narrow, scarcely enlarged at middle. Tibise slen-
der at base, scarcely larger at apex, very finely ciliate, niutic, armed
with two very small and indistinct spurs. Tarsi ciliate beneath, last
joint clavate, subequal to the three preceding united. First four
joints rather short, subequal. Claws small, slender, arcuate.

B. americanus new species.

Subelongate, dilated posteriorly, pubescence moderately long, somewhat
coarse, rising from the punctures. Color dark piceo-ferruginous, abdomen
darker, legs, antennae, mouth, palpi and indefinite spots on head, thorax and
elytra paler. Head, thorax and sterna strongly coarsely and somewhat
sparsely punctured, interspaces smooth, shining, anterior margin of the cly-
peus, a median area near the posterior margin of the thorax and inner edge
of the gense beneath impunctured. Elytra more coarsely and sparsely punc-
tured, deeply longitudinally impressed on the disk. Abdomen finely, sparsely

Fig. I.

and indistinctly punctured above, finely, sparsely, indistinctly and subasper-
ately punctured beneath.

Head suborbicular, subemarginate posteriorly, subequal in length to the
thorax and somewhat wider.

Elytra about as wide as long, strongly narrowed anteriorly, at base about
as wide as the head.

Abdomen one fourth longer and wider than the elytra.

Head broadly transversely impressed in front of the eyes, with two small
and rather deep fossae equidistant from each other and the eyes, clypcus broad,
truncate at apex, labrum very broad and short with a row of short setae along
the anterior margin, mandibles long, slender, falcate. Mentum rather short,
broadly and shallowly emarginate and perceptibly bisinuate. Labial palpi
three jointed, terminal joint slender, first two joints subequal in length,
stouter and slightly longer than the terminal, both slightly broader at apex.
Maxillary palpi much longer, first joint small, second elongate, arcuate-sinuate
and incrassate at apex, third very strongly and evenly incrassate from base
to apex which is transversely truncate, last joint small, slender, subulate,

Sept.-Dec, 1918.] NoTMAN : BOREAPHILUS. 189

second and third joints pubescent. Gense beneath very convex or mammillate,
the gula strongly impressed slightly narrowed in front and behind. Eyes
rather small, strongly projecting, coarsely facetted and pubescent. Antennae
equal in length to the head and thorax united, somewhat slender, gradually
thickened, first joint large, oval, incrassate, second slightly shorter and less
incrassate, third more slender, elongate-conic, four to seven subglobular, eight
wider and slightly transverse, nine and ten quadrate as wide as eight and
eleven, eleven longer than wide, apex acutely rounded.

Prothorax longer than wide, subcylindric, posterior margin slightly wider
than the anterior, sides subangulate, slightly compressed in front and indi-
stinctly toothed a little in front of the middle, side margin much depressed,
descending to the angulation from the anterior and -posterior margins, an indi-
stinct impression on the median line before the middle.

Scutellum somewhat large, acutely triangular, with a few coarse punc-
tures.

Elytra with the shoulders rounded, not very prominent, posterior-external
angles widely rounded, posterior margin slightly retracted at the suture.

Tibiae and tarsi pubescent and ciliate, the first four joints of the posterior
tarsi subequal, fifth joint equal in length to the three preceding. Length 2.75
mm., breadth i mm.

Type 5 in the collection of the author, paratype.J i" the collection
of Mr. C. W. Leng.

Collected at Roselle Park, Union Co., N. J., by Mr. C. W. Leng.

The species of Borcaphilns are found in leaves and moss in damp
localities. The American specimens were found with Stemis.

Eight species of Boreaphilus are listed in the Coleopterorum Cata-
logus of Junk and Schenkling (Pars 19, 1910, p. 84), of these hen-
ningianus, sahlbergi and velox have been mentioned; astur Sharp
from Asturia is probably allied to velox, having rather short and
stout antennae (An. Soc. Esp., I, 1872, p. 266) ; carinthiacus Gangl.
is a winged form also allied to z'elox (Gangl. Kaf. Mitteleur., II, 1895,
p. 700) ; japonicus Sharp from Japan resembles henningianus , but
has a smaller head and longer elytra, the latter would distinguish it
from amcricanus ; lewisianus Sharp, also from Japan, is distinguished
from henningianus by its broader thorax and longer antennal joints —
all the joints being longer than broad (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1874,
p. 96). The description of nordcnskioeldi Makl. (Oefv. Finsk. Vet.
Soc. Forh., XIX, 1876-77, p. 25) could not be consulted. B. volans
J. Sahib., described after the publication of the Coleopterorum Cata-
logus, Pars 19, is a winged species resembling velox, but having more
slender antennce (Medd. Soc. Fauna. Fenn., 37, p. 47, Nov., 1910).
These species are from Eastern Siberia and Finland respectively.

190 Journal New York Entomological Society. ["^'q'- xxvi.

ON SOME GENERA AND SPECIES OF THE FAMILY
OSTOMID^.

By Chas. Schaeffer,
Brooklyn, N. Y.

At the request of Mr. Chas. Leng I prepared a list of the genera
and species of this neglected family for his new checklist of Coleop-
tera. In this a new genus, several new species and some synonymy
were included which have never heen published. Therefore it was
thought advisable to publish this short paper in advance of a revision
of the family which I hope to publish in the near future.

Two tribes occur in our fauna, two more, the Nemozomini or
Nemosomatinse and Leperini or Leperininae, are recognized by Reitter,
Sharp and Leveille, but the characters given are rather vague.

Inner lobe of maxillae very short, much shorter than the outer lobe and with-
out hook at apex. Head large, as wide, or nearly as wide as the pro-
thorax at apex ; eyes not prominent. Elytra with narrow side-margin
and narrow epipleuras. Form more or less elongate Tenebroidini

Inner lobe of maxillae as long or nearly as long as the outer lobe, terminating
at apex into a sharp, curved, hook-like process. Head small about
half as wide as the prothorax at apex ; eyes prominent. Elytra with
lateral margin more or less explanate ; epipleuros wide. Form oval or
elliptical Ostomini

Tribe Tenebroidini.

1. Anterior margin of prosternum separated from the anterior margin of

pronotum by the more or less projecting apical angles 7

Anterior margin of prosternum not interrupted at sides by projecting
apical angles but continuous with the anterior margin of pronotum.. 2

2. Head with a rather deeply and longitudinally impressed line at middle ;

apex emarginate, each side of the emargination produced into a sub-
acute lobe; mandibles deflexed ; antennal club bilaterally dilated.... 3
Head wthout impressed longitudinal line at middle ; apex more or less
trisinuate; mandibles porrect; antennal club dilated only internally. .4

3. Prosternum flat, not compressed between the coxs ; prothorax with

distinctly raised lateral margin Nemosoma Latr.

Prosternum compressed and narrow between the coxae ; prothorax
without distinctly raised lateral margin Cylidrella Sharp

4. Elytra at base with a deep and more or less rounded, sub-humeral

impression ; last joint of antennal club elongate-oval and not wider

Sept.-Dec., I9i8.] SCHAEFFER: OsTOMID^. 191

than the tenth joint ; head subtriangularly flattened from a little
below occiput to apex and sometimes more or less distinctly ex-
cavated ; metasternum normally convex 5

Elytra at base without deep subcircular subhumeral impression 6

5. Last joint of labial palpi at apex narrower than the maximum thickness

of the joint; last two ventral segments equal in length and much
shorter than the preceding segments ; punctuation of elytra serially

arranged Corticotomus Sharp

Last joint of labial palpi broad at apex, rectilinearly truncate and
about as wide as at the middle, rather rapidly narrowed basally ;
ventral segments one to three gradually and evenly decreasing in
length, the fourth subequal to the third, or even a little longer and
the fifth much the shortest of all ; elytral punctures irregularly ar-
ranged, not in series Parafilumis Casey

6. Last joint of antennal club subquadrate and wider than the tenth joint;

head convex, obliquely declivous just before the apex; metasternurn
relatively strongly convex at middle, sides somewhat compressed and
shallowly excavated for the reception of the middle femora.

Stenodema Schaef.

7. All the tibife with distinct spines externally ; antennae short, extending

backwards a little below the anterior angles Airora Reit.

Middle and hind tibiae not spinous externally ; antennae longer, ex-
tending backwards to about middle of prothorax 8

8. Lateral margin of prothorax behind middle more or less angularly

deflexed ; basal marginal head of elytra entire ; labium very deeply,

triangularly emarginate Temnochila Westw.

Lateral margin of prothorax straight, not angularly deflexed behind
middle ; basal marginal bead of elytra distinct near humeri but ob-
literated near scutellum ; labium feebly emarginate at apex.

Tenebroides Pill. & M.

Nemosoma schwarzi new species.

Cylindrical, convex, black or piceous, antennae, palpi, legs and abdomen
paler, each elytron with a large, oblique yellowish basal spot not quite attain-
ing sides nor suture and a slightly smaller subsutural spot of the same color
behind middle. Head moderately coarsely punctate, punctures somewhat elon-
gate and more closely placed near apex. Antennae eleven-jointed. Prothorax
rather feebly narrowed posteriorly; lateral margin feebly deflexed in front'
apical angles obliterated, basal angles obtuse; surface moderately coarsely but
not closely punctate. Elytra convex ; sides parallel, surface confusedly punc-
tate, punctures moderate. Prosternum moderately coarsely punctate, punc-
tures more numerous and a little coarser at sides. Metasternum at sides
coarsely punctate, punctures smaller at middle. Ventral segments of abdomen
apparently impunctate. Length 3 mm.

192 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'"i- ^^vi.

Fort Yuma, Arizona, type in coll. Hubbard and Scbwarz, U. S.
Nat. Museum.

An easily known species by its decided elytral maculation. The
elytra is also relatively shorter than in our other species. The anten-
nae are apparently eleven-jointed, which will put this species with
fissiccps Fall and punctatum Van Dyke in the subgenus Monesoma.
N. attenuatum Van Dyke which has ten -jointed anteniicT belongs in
the subgenus Nemosoma s. st.

Cylidrella championi Wickh.

This species is described from Colorado but occurs also in Arizona.

Corticotomus caviceps Fall and laeviventris Casey.

After examining a large series from different localities including
California, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, etc., I can't do otherwise
than unite the two. The excavation of the head is very variable in
the large series before me. In some it is very pronounced, in others
less so and some of the specimens have no indication of it: these latter
I take to be the females. Similar variations occur in cyliiidricits but
not as strongly pronounced as in caviceps. The punctuation of elytra
is also variable, in some specimens very faint in others relatively
strong.

Corticotomus depressus new species.

Elongate depressed, color uniformly brown or piceous, legs, antennae and
palpi paler.

Head flat in front, relatively coarsely punctate, punctures on the disk well
separated but more closely placed at sides near the eyes. Prothorax about as
long as wide; sides slightly arcuate; at apex not wider than the head; surface
relatively very densely and coarsely punctate, the punctures mostly separated
by less than their own diameter. Elytra very feebly arcuate at sides ; punc-
tures of the regular series coarse, close and deeply impressed but gradually
finer towards apex ; intervals narrow, more or less uniseriately punctate, punc-
tures very distinct and moderately coarse. Underside coarsely punctate, punc-
tures on prosternum moderately close, those on metasternum very dense and
separated by less than their own diameter ; punctures on ventral segments of
abdomen moderately close. Length 4 mm. ; width i mm.

Alabama (Loding, type) ; Pennsylvania (Horn collection, teste

Liebeck) ; New Jersey (Liebeck) ; Lakehurst, N. J. (Engelhardt).

This species is more depressed and much more coarsely punctate

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] SCHAEFFER : OsTOMID/E. 193

than any of our other species. In the type specimen the intervals are
regularly uniseriately punctate ; however, in some of the few specimens
seen a few adventitious punctures are present, especially on the
second interval. The scutellum is more visible in this than in the
other species. As far as known it occurs only on pine.

Corticotomus cylindricus var. texanus new variety.

Form and size of cylindricus but color normally black or piceous and
intervals more or less distinctly uniseriately punctate.

Brownsville, Texas.

The intervals in this variety are clearer and generally more
sparsely and finely punctate than in typical cylindricus, though speci-
mens of the latter occur which approach the var. texamis in this
respect. The size is generally smaller and the form slightly narrower
than in cylindricus.

Stenodema new genus.

Head as wide as the prothorax, subconvex,. near apical margin
obliquely depressed; frontal margin trisinuate; eyes small, trans-
versely oval, distant from the apical margin of prothorax; antennae
eleven-jointed, reaching backwards a little below the apical margin of
prothorax, club three-jointed, ninth and tenth joints rather strongly
serrate, last joint much larger than the tenth, nearly quadrate and
with apex obliquely truncate; last joints of maxillary and labial palpi
subconical; submentum trisinuate. Prothorax convex, parallel sided;
apical margin feebly arcuate; apical angles obliterated; basal angles
rounded. Scutellum indistinct. Elytra as wide as the prothorax;
sides parallel ; surface punctured in irregular rows. Prosternum be-
hind coxae convex, arcuately declivous behind; metasternum convex
and slightly compressed at sides. Tibiae without spines on the outer
margin; tarsi slightly longer than the tibiae.

Type — Stenodema kicoricc n. sp.

Stenodema hicoriae new species.

Cylindrical, convex, shining, color imiformly castaneous ; antenna;, palpi
and legs slightly paler. Head convex obliquely declivous a little before
apical margin ; moderately not closely punctate, the declivous apical part
rather coarsely striate. Prothorax apparently longer than wide, sides parallel,
surface rather sparsely punctate. Elytra cylindrical, sides parallel ; surface
punctured in irregular rows, punctures moderately coarse, finer towards apex;

194 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'°'- ^xvi.

intervals smooth. Prosternum smooth at middle with only a few coarse punc-
tures, at sides more closely punctate ; nietasternum at sides coarsely punctate,
more sparsely at middle ; abdominal segments moderately closely punctate
except the last which is nearly smooth. Length 2 mm.

Tryon, North Carolina.

The type is in the National Museum Collection, marked 3i92d
Hopk. U. S. and was bred from hicoria by W. F. Fiske. Paratypes
in the Forest Insect Collection.

This interesting minute new species has the cylindrical form of
Airora but the form of the head and of the last joint of the antenna!
club separate it from this as well as from any other North American
genus.

Airora minuta new species.

Cylindrical, convex, shining, color pale castaneous. Head somewhat
remotely but not coarsely punctate; shallowly transversely impressed below
the occiput. Prothorax not wider than the head ; sides parallel ; apical margin
truncate ; apical angles feeble ; basal angles distinct but obtuse ; lateral margin
angularly reflexed a little below apex ; surface rather coarsely punctate at
sides ; punctures finer and more sparse at middle. Elytra as wide as the
prothorax ; sides parallel, broadly rounded at apex ; surface somewhat trans-
versely wrinkled with rows of moderate punctures, intervals scarcely punc-
tate. Prosternum and metasternum feebly punctate ; ventral segments of ab-
domen rather coarsely punctate; tibiae scarcely spinous. Length 3 mm.

Fort Yuma, Arizona.

Type, one specimen in coll. Hubbard and Schwarz, U. S. Nat.
Museum, which bears the note '"' preying on Hylocorus."

Besides the small size this species differs from (cqualis Reitt. and
allies by having the apical angles of prothorax not produced, the lat-
eral margin of prothorax angularly reflexed near apex and the elytral
striae not impressed.

Temnochila edentata new species.

Generally smaller than yucca Cr., front tibias evenly convex and not mar-
gined on each side of upper edge and without toothlike projections on outer
margin, otherwise as in ynccce. Length 14-15 mm.

Prescott, Arizona.

Most of the specimens seen were collected by Dr. Kunze and dis-
tributed by Mr. Chas. Palm. They differ constantly from typical
yucccc by the characters given above. Specimens of the latter species

Sept.-Dec, igiS.l ScHAEFFER : OSTOMIDTE. 195

in the Leconte collection which I examined and in the collections of
Dr. Horn and the American Entomological Society, kindly examined
at my request by Mr. Chas. Liebeck, all have the anterior tibire mar-
gined and the outer margin with one or two teeth. They all came
undoubtedly from the original lot collected by Crotch in the Mohave
desert.

Temnochila acuta Lee.

This is a distinct species and not synonymous with viresccns as
given in our lists. The head is dull, the abdominal segments finely
alutaceous, the sensitive spaces of the joints of the antenna! club are
larger than in any of our other species and the posterior margin of
the prosternum in most of the specimens is more convex and ap-
parently feebly produced at middle. The males have the ventral seg-
ments at sides with a rather finely and closely punctate area which
extends almost to middle and with very few larger punctures inter-
mixed.

This species occurs also in Mexico and was considered by Dr.
Sharp in the " Biologia " to be Fabricius' viresccns. While there is
a possibility that viresccns is wrongly identified it is also possible that
Dr. Sharp's identification is wrong as he gives no tangible reason why
this species should be the true viresccns of Fabricius. Drury who
sent the specimen to Fabricius, received his American insects either
from North or South America as far as I know, but Dr. Sharp did not
give any South American locality for his viresccns. If the specimen
sent to Fabricius came from North America it was collected on the
Atlantic coast and could be nothing else than our common species
which occurs from Long Island to Florida.

Fabricius gives America only as locality and his rather vague
description might fit almost any metallic green species of Temnochila.
However, the size he gives — " triplo major L. caraboidcs" — restricts
it only to the larger species. I have seen a great number of speci-
mens of our common species but all are not nearly three times as
large as Tenehroides mauritanica, which is the same as Fabricius'
Lucamis caraboidcs, except one specimen from Florida which is about
19 mm. long. The examination of the type would settle the matter,
but unfortunately I was unable to locate it. Mr. Champion and Mr.
Arrow wrote me that the type is not in the British Museum collection

196 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

nor is it in the old collection of Fabricius in Kiel as I was informed
by Dr. Walther Horn.

Not being able to clear this point at present it is better to follow
the determinations of Leconte, Reitter, Horn and others in calling our
common Atlantic coast species virescens.

Temnochila virescens var. chlorodia Mann.

The specimens from the Pacific coast, which are the chlorodia of
Mannerheim, are certainly distinct enough to be listed as a variety of
virescens. They differ from virescens by being shorter, stouter and
more convex, apical angles of prothorax more prominent and acute,
basal angles of prothorax less prominent and humeral angles of elytra
more or less acute. T. cyanca Reitt. and T. viridicyanea Mann, are
synonyms of this form.

The specimens from the Atlantic coast are always more elongate
and more depressed and the humeral angles of elytra are never as
acute as in those from the Pacific coast.

Temnochila peninsularis new species.

Very near acuta Lee. in size, form and color but joints of antennal club
relatively smaller with the sensitive spaces narrower than acuta. Length

Santa Rosa, Lower California (Beyer).

The three males before me are a little more robust than acuta and
(vrca and the head and abdominal segments are a little less alutaceous
than acuta but these parts are not as shining as in ccrea.

Temnochila aerea Lee.
Temnochila nyeiita Dow.

Leconte's specimen is described from San Francisco, Cal., but I
have no doubt that this is a mistake. The species, as far as known
occurs only in southern California and Arizona. The type of ccrea
is a male and has the same ventral characters as Dow's nycnta. In
the majority of specimens the frontal impression of the head is faint
or absent but specimens occur in which it is more or less distinct.
This distinct species is also erroneously placed as a synonym of
virescens, but is a larger species and the male has the ventral seg-
ments of abdomen as in acuta.

Sept.-Dcc, i9i8.] Schaeffer: Ostomid.e. 197

Temnochila prosternalis new species.

Elongate, subparallel ; color of upper and under surface metallic green,
blue or purple; antennae and palpi piccous. Head shining, rather densely and
relatively coarsely punctate especially in front ; front with a deep, longitudinal
median impression. Prothorax densely and rather coarsely punctate on the
disk, less densely near lateral margin ; anterior angles acute, slightly pro-
duced ; lateral margin feebly rotundate-angulate slightly behind middle ; basal
angles obtuse, not prominent. Elytra with rather coarse deep and closely
placed punctures ; intervals with slightly smaller punctures. Presternum with
moderately large not densely placed punctures, behind the coxae with a more
or less distinct transverse impression. Metasternum punctured as the pro-
sternum. Abdominal segments shining, with moderately large punctures ;
males with a very small area of finer punctures intermixed with larger punc-
tures at sides of each segment. Length lo— 11.25 'iirii-

Williams, Arizona. (Barber & Schwarz coll.)

The type is in the Nat. Musettm collection, paratypes in the collec-
tions of the Museum of the Brooklyn Institute and in Prof. Wick-
ham's collection.

This species looks very much like small specimens of vircsccns
var. cJilorodia but has a much more densely and relatively coarsely
punctate head, prothorax and elytra and the prosternum behind the
coxae at apex more or less distinctly impressed.

It is apparently closely related to fraudulenta from Mexico and
planicollis from Guatemala. The metallic green species in this genus
differ much individually in color, sculpture, etc., and it is possible that
these three species are all one.

Temnochila obscura Reitt.

This species does not occur in North America.

Tenebroides crassicornis Horn.
Trogosita plcuralis Horn.

This is not a variety of mauritanica but a distinct species. It is
always smaller, relatively less elongate and the joints of the antennae
are shorter and more closely placed than in mauritanica. T. pleuralis
Horn does not seem to differ except in coloration.

Tenebroides sorer Duv.
T. foveata Blatch.

I have several specimens from Florida (Key Largo and Key
West) which agree closely with the description of the West Indian
T. soror. Blatchley's foveata is the same thing.

198 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'"'- x.wi.

Tenebroides arizonensis new species.

Elongate, moderately depressed ; color rufo-piceous, elytra with distinct
brassy tint.

Head rather finely and sparsely punctate; eighth antennal joint oval. Pro-
thorax transverse ; anterior angles broad and rather moderately produced ;
lateral margin arcuate, moderately convergent posteriorly ; basal angles obtuse,
acute and very feebly produced; basal marginal head broadly interrupted at
middle ; surface somewhat coarsely punctate at sides, punctures a little smaller
and less close at middle. Elytra oblong-oval ; punctures of the regular series
moderately large ; punctures of the intervals very fine and mostly obliterated ;
surface with short, transverse or oblique impressions as in rugosipennis.
Prosternum, metasternum and ventral segments sparsely and rather finely
punctate. Length 5 mm. ; width 2 mm.

Arizona.

A single specimen, apparently a female, in the O. Dietz collection,
which I had placed with rugosipennis. It is very close to that species
in form, color and elytral scnlpture but the prothorax is not as
strongly arcuate at sides as in that species, the posterior angles are
distinct and acute, the basal marginal bead is broadly interrupted at
middle, the under surface is shining with fine punctuation and the
maxillary palpi are narrower and more elongate than in rugosipennis.

Tenebroides americanus psp. laticollis Horn.

T. laticollis differs from typical americanus in the relatively larger
head, shorter and more transverse prothorax, clearer elytral sculpture
with the punctures of the intervals mostly always small and the punc-
tuation of prothorax and underside generally finer. It is also smaller
than amcricanns. It is almost entitled to specific standing but in the
absence of a distinct, strong and independent character and the posses-
sion of the same unique, secondary male character and the antennae
with the sensitive spaces formed as in americanus I prefer to place it
as a subspecies of the latter.

Tenebroides sonorensis Sharp.
T. dcbilis Fall.

Through the kindness of Mr. Arrow I received from the British
Museum one of the three typical specimens from which Dr. Sharp
described his sonorensis and from Mr. Fall a specimen of his dcbilis
which enabled me to settle the synonymy without a doubt.

The shape of prothorax and punctuation in this, as in many of the
other species differ considerably.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] SCHAEFFER : OsTOMID/E. 199

Tenebroides semicylindricus Horn.
Tenebroides subccnca Reit.
Tenebroides helophorus Sharp.

Of the correctness of the proposed synonymy I have scarcely a
doubt. Dr. Sharp's good description of the Mexican T. helophorus
agrees with our insect perfectly and Reitter's description of T. suh-
cenea, as far as it goes, does not fit any other North American species
except semicylindricus.

Tenebroides floridanus new species.

Elongate, moderately depressed ; color piceous ; prothorax dull with feeble
aeneous tint ; elytra shining and more distinctly aeneous. Head moderately
closely punctate, punctures hot very large; eighth antennal joint oval. Pro-
thorax transverse ; apical angles moderately produced ; lateral margin arcuate,
feebly convergent behind, not sinuate before the basal angles; basal angles
small, obtuse and subacute ; basal marginal bead entire ; surface moderately
coarsely punctate at sides, punctures smaller at middle. Elytra slightly
dilated below middle ; punctures of the regular rows rather fine but moder-
ately coarse near base. Prosternum rather finely punctate in front more
coarsely punctate posteriorly and at sides. Metasternum finely punctate at
middle, moderately coarsely and sparsely at sides. Ventral segments of ab-
domen moderately closely punctate, punctures finer posteriorly. First ventral
segment of the male moderately densely and finely punctate and with a few
larger punctures intermixed ; second and following segments as in the female
Length 5-6 nun.

Florida. Key West, U. S. Nat. Mus. type.

This species resembles in form T. americanus ssp. laticoUis but
has a slightly longer prothorax, the basal marginal bead is generally
entire and the male has only the first ventral segment densely punc-
tured.

Tenebroides marginatus Pal. Beauv.
Tragosita cucujiformis Horn.

Palisot de Beauvois' species can not be identified with certainty
from his poor descriptions and figures. However, one of his species,
marginatus, is recognized in our list and if correctly so Dr. Horn's
cucujiformis is a synonym of this species. The latter species was
described from an immature specimen. The form of prothorax as
well as the punctuation of the upper surface is very variable in this
as well as in the other species of this genus.

200 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'o'- xxvi.

Tenebroides opaca Reit. Verd. Nat. Vcr. Briinn XIII, 1875, p. 6g.

The localities given by Reitter for this species are " Columbia et
Amer. bor." The male has on each side of the submentum a fulvous
hair-pencil, a character vi^hich is found only in our americaniis. The
description, however, does not agree with americanus nor any of the
described varieties. Many localities of Reitter's material are wrong
and I believe that the N. Amer. locality for this species is also a
mistake.

Tenebroides patruelis Reit. Verh. Nat. Ver. Briinn XIII, 1S75, p. 70.

Reitter's specimens from which he described the species are said to
be from " Brazilia and Carol, merid." The N. Amer. locality is very
likely wrong as I am unable to apply his description to any of our
North American species.

Tribe Ostomini.

1. Front coxal cavities closed Calitys

Front coxal cavities open behind 2.

2. Mentum transverse ; antennal grooves feeble 3-

Mentum oval, minute ; antennal grooves deep 5-

3. Elytra with more or less distinct costse, upper surface smooth 4.

Elytra without costae, irregularly punctate ; upper surface distinctly pubes-
cent Ostomodes

4. Hook-like process of inner lobe of maxillae situated externally ; antennal

club loosely jointed, last joint ovate, narrowing towards apex; larger

species about 5-10 mm Ostoma

Hook-like process of inner lobe of maxillae situated internally ; antennal
club compact, last joint short, widening towards apex, small species about
3 mm Lophocateres

5. Elytra without costae, irregularly punctate ; metasternum on each side below

middle coxk with an arcuate line; convex species Th3rmalus

Ostoma grossa and oblonga.

These two European species are wrongly included in our list.

Ostoma oregonensis new species.

Very close to quadrilineata Melsh., color castaneous, prothorax more shin-
ing, less strongly narrowing towards apex and punctures more widely sepa-
rated than in quadrilineata; intervals of elytra with three rows of moderately
coarse and well separated punctures between the costae, the row next to each
costa regular, the punctures of the median row rather widely separated and
irregular. Length 7.5 mm.

Dillev, Oregon.

Sept.-Dcc, I9i8.] LeNG: CiIANGES IN LlST OT COLEOPTERA. 201

This is the Grynochris orcgonensis of our list which has never
been described by Crotch.

Lophocateres americanus Mots.

The species of this genus are very small and closely related to
Ostoma subg. Grynocharis.

NOTES ON SOME CHANGES IN THE LIST OF
COLEOPTERA.

By Charles W. Leng.

Staten Island, N. Y.

A few happy days in September, 1918, were spent with Mr. Wm.
T. Davis in the U. S. National Museum, where Dr. E. A. Schwarz
and Mr. Herbert S. Barber very kindly examined the manuscript of
my List of Coleoptera and gave me the benefit of their fund of infor-
mation on some groups as they looked over the pages. These notes
result, and as much of the information is otherwise unpublished, they
are now printed with the permission of my informants.

Other unpublished notes have also been received in correspondence
with Mr. J. M. Swaine and other friends and are likewise included.

On November 24, Colonel Casey's Memoirs VIII was received
and several notes in the Carabidse result therefrom, since it is devoted
principally to that family.

I have not adopted Colonel Casey's view that the genus Ptcro-
stichus of Bonelli does not occur in America. I am fully in accord
with the restriction of its meaning to the western forms he includes
under Hypherpcs Chd. ; but until a revision of the Pterostichini of
the world is made, it seems premature to announce (in substance)
such an important fact in distribution as is implied in asserting that
our species belong to dififerent genera than the Palaearctic species.

Pterostichus agonns Horn, by the description, which mentions its
near relation to punctatissimus, evidently belongs in Lypcrophcrns
Mots, if punctatissimus does.

It is unfortunate that Colonel Casey did not compare the species
described by Poppius, 1905 and 1907, in the genus Cryobius; there are

202 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'c'- xxvi.

already a considerable number of described species and the addition
of four more regardless of preceding work may not improbably enrich
the synonymy.

Colonel Casey (Memoirs, VIII, p. 243) says: "If the genus Bra-
dy tns [heretofore regarded as a subgenus of Amara] is to be main-
tained, the name septcntrionalis of Leconte [heretofore replaced be-
cause of previous use in Amara] is to be restored." This is contrary
to Art. 36 of The International Code by Stiles, 1905, and Art. 26 of
The Entomological Code by Banks & Caudell, 1912; it is also contrary
to the traditional maxim, "once a synonym always a synonym," though
the names here referred to would now be called homonyms, and I
think Colonel Casey is wrong.

Bembidion pngctamini Csy., 1918, p. 148, is preoccupied by puge-
tanum Fall, 1916 (Bull. Br. Ent. Soc, XI. p. 13), and may be changed
to cascyi n.m.

The name blaisdclli proposed on page 222 for Bcmhidion concin-
nimi Blaisdell is unnecessary. Dr. Blaisdell having himself changed
the name fourteen years ago to perconcinmim (Ent. News, XV, 1904,
p. 349). In this connection it has been suggested to me by Mr. Fall
that when the original author is accessible it is perhaps better to
give him the opportunity of changing any preoccupied name himself
than to seize the opportunity of doing so ; especially as the change
may already have been made in some overlooked item, as in the pres-
ent instance.

Colonel Casey's revision of Pogonini, issued November 12. 1918,
was of course in the printer's hands before Dr. V^an Dyke's article in
the October number of Ent. News had appeared. I have been obliged
to alter some of Colonel Casey's conculsions in the tribe Pogonini on
account of this article of Dr. Van Dyke's and for other reasons.

In Loxandrus, I believe Colonel Casey has misapplied the name
rectus Say, in citing laticoUis as a variety thereof. As I have pre-
viously shown (Bull. Am. M. N. H., XXXIV, 191 5, p. 578) rectus
Say and velox Dej. are closely related if not identical and laticoUis
Chd. belongs with lucididus Dej. and erraticus Dej. in that section of
the genus having obtuse hind angles to the prothorax. Since only
nine out of twenty-seven previously described species are recognized
by Colonel Casey, I have thought it best to follow the manuscript I
had prepared, interpolating his new names.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] LkNG : ClIANGES IN LiST OF CoLEOPTERA. 203

Sclcnophorus cvcisus Lee, 1878, is said by Horn. 1880. and in Mr.
Henshaw's Bibliography of Leconte's writings to be a preoccupied
name. If this is so and Casey's paragraph (p. 413, Mem., VIII) is
correct, we must cite S. mustus Csy. as the species.

The varieties of Scaphinotns andrewsi and guyoti described by
Mr. Beutenmnllcr (Bull. Br. Ent. Soc, 1918, p. 89) do not profess
to be more than color forms, and should be treated as such.

Elaphnis politiis Casey, 1897, is preoccupied by E. politus Le-
conte, 1850 (a synonym of E. dairvillci Kirby), and may be changed
to cascyi n.m.

Galcrita thoracica Casey, 1897, is preoccupied by G. thoracica
Chev. (Col. Mex. Cent., I, fasc. 2, No. 34) and may be changed to
cascyi n.m.

PlatyuHS dcplanatus Alen., 1844, is preoccupied by P. dcplanatus
Chaud., 1843 (a synonym of ciiicticollis) , and may be called P. fal-
lianus n.m.

T achy pus Lacordaire, 1854, is preoccupied by T achy pus Weber,
1801, a synonym of Carabus. Redtenbacher credits Tachypus to
Megerle, as a synonym of Bcmbidium. Casey credits it to Dejean,
but that author cites Weber's use of the name. I have followed
Gozis in regarding the name as preoccupied and replaced by Asaphi-
dioii Gozis.

In the Carabidc-e of Florida the reference to a Carabid beetle feed-
ing on Metachronia larvae on leaves is erroneous because all Mcta-
chroma larvae live under ground, as I am told by Dr. Schwarz.

The genus Omophron should be placed, as indicated by Lameere,
between Carabidae and Haliplidae, and treated as a family.

Pseudaptinus Castelnau, 1835, must be used in place of Diaphorus
Dejean, 1831, because the latter name was first used by Meigen in
1824. See Maindron, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1906, p. 252.

Agahns scmivittatus occurs in Florida. The mention of St. John's
Bluff, East Florida, by Dr. Sharp was overlooked in preparing the
'■ Water-beetles of Florida."

Sphccritcs should be removed from Silphidse, as indicated by Gangl-
bauer and other authors, to form a family near Histerida;.

Brathiniis should be removed from Scydmsenidse. Colonel Casey
thinks it should form a genus of Staphylinidae near Lcstcva on ac-
count of ocelli, but the entire elytra appear to forbid this course. It
seems best placed as a family in Staphylinoidea.

204 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'o'- xxvi.

Bledius dissimilis Fall, 1910, is preoccupied by B. dissimilis Er.,
1839 (Gen. Spec. Staph., p. 769), and has been changed to " phila-
delphicus" by Mr. Fall in Ent. News. B. fratellus Fall, 1910, is also
preoccupied by B. fratellus Eppelsch., 1885 (D. E. Z., XXIX, p. 144),
and has been changed to " transit us" by Mr. Fall in Ent. News.

Mycetoporns tenuis Horn, 1877, is also preoccupied and may be
replaced by Jiorni n.m.

In Aleocharin?e certain changes have been made on the basis of a
letter from Colonel Casey which will be filed in the minutes of the
N. Y. Ent. Soc.

The name Megalops Erichson, 1840, is preoccupied by Me galops
Lacep., 1803, for a genus of fish. The name Megalopsidia may be
substituted.

In Coccinellidffi I assume responsibility for such synonymy as has
not already been published ; such being as I believe in harmony with
the known variability of the maculation, and with studies on the geni-
talia to be published by Mr. P. H. Timberlake.

Spilota Burm., 1844, is preoccupied by Spiluta Billberg, 1820
(Enumeratio Insectorum in Mus. Billberg, p. 61). The latter, ac-
cording to a manuscript by Mr. P. H. Timberlake, is a synonym of
Coccinclla. It seems as if Pachystctluis Blanchard, 1851, should be
used in place of Spilota Burm.

In Hippodamia the work of Mr. P. H. Timberlake indicates that
the study of the genitalia will show that, while the division of the
genus into sections based on the form of the claws is confirmed, a
larger number of forms are entitled to specific rank than I had sup-
posed; and that in the convergens group some of the varieties named
by Casey and Johnson have been erroneously placed by them. How-
ever, the variability of the genitalia in Lachnosterna has been shown
by Glasgow to be rather greater than Smith supposed in his first
enthusiastic treatment of that genus; and, as ]\Ir. Timberlake's manu-
script (which I have been allowed to read before publication) indi-
cates that he desires to confirm his conclusions by the study of more
material, I am unwilling to accept a few of the changes immediately.

The tribe Tetratomini has been transferred from Melandryidse to
Mycetophagidse. This reverses Casey's idea (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc,
VIII, 1900, p. 166), but with his verbal approval, when I visited him
in Washington.

Sept.-Dec, igiS.] LeNG : CHANGES IN LiST OF CoLEOPTERA. 205

The name Acolpus Jayne, 1882, is very close to Acolpos Brandt
(Act. Acad. Pet., 1835), but, if the original spelling of the latter is
followed, no change seems necessary.

Acritus atonius Lee. described from Cuba, occurs at Lake Worth
and Biscayne Bay, Florida. There are Florida specimens in the
Blanchard collection as well as those in the Nat. Mus.

Hetccr'ms helence Mann, described from Mexico, occurs also at
several places in Arizona. H. cannistriatus Lewis (teste W. M.
Mann) is a synonym of H. blanchardi Leconte.

Carpophilus (subgenus Urophorits) Immcralis Murray known
from Philippines, Seychelles, Java and Africa, has been introduced
at Oneco. Florida. As it can live in decaying fruit it is liable to be
spread further by commerce.

Coluocera maderce Woll. This species, described from Madeira,
has been found in Brazil, Trinidad and Haiti and is very likely to
occur in Florida. It is nearly cosmopolitan, having reached India as
well as the countries named.

Eubrianax Kies. {=Placoiiyc]ia Horn) has a larva superficially
like that of Psephenus, as I was informed by Dr. Schwarz. Pro-
fessor Wickham, who was present, added that the adult occurs on
stones in water like Psephenus. The genus should perhaps be trans-
ferred from Dascillidse to Psephenidse.

Cryptohypnus planatus Lee, 1866, is preoccupied by C. planatus
Esch., 1829, and may be changed to C. lecontci n.m.

Melanotus longicornis Blatchley, 191 o, is preoccupied by -1/. loiigi-
coniis Cand, i860, and may be called il/. hlatchleyi n.m.

Ludius (Corymbites) elegans Cand., 1888, is preoccupied by L.
elegans Kby., 1837, and may be called L. candesei n.m.

Octinodes Cand., 1863, should be used for the American species
heretofore called Plastocerus. The type and only species of Plas-
tocerus Schaum, 1852, is angulosus Germ, from Asia Minor. Dr.
Leconte sent an American species which he believed belonged to that
genus to Schaum and, upon receiving his confirmatory reply, described
in 1853 Plastocerus schainni. This species is not congeneric with the
Asiatic species but apparently belongs to the genus erected by Can-
deze in 1863, as do several others from Central and South America.
The type of this genus is Octinodes capillatus from Venezuela. Eu-
ropean authors have incorrectly treated Plastocerus as Dr. Leconte's

206 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxvi.

genus, unnecessarily proposing several new names for the Asiatic
species. Mr. H. S. Barber has furnished these facts.

Mr. J. A. Hyslop has by letter called attention to the following
preoccupied names in Elateridse:

Monocrcpidms finitimus Csy. is preoccupied by M. finitimus (Say)
Lee, and may be called M. caseyi n.m.

Elatcr discoideus Fab., 1801, is a primary homonym of Elater
(Adelocera) discoidca Weber, 180 1, and may be called sella tiis Dej.
Cat. 3, ed. p. 104.

Ectomenogonus {Elater) hepaticus Melsh. is preoccupied by Crig-
mus {Elater) hepaticus Germ, and may be called melsheimeri n.m.

Anchastus horni O. Schwz., n.m. for A. sericeiis Horn is unneces-
sary, the name having been already changed to sericans by Candeze
(Cat. Meth., 1891, p. 106).

In Buprestidse certain changes are based upon studies made at
the American Museum of Natural History, where several large col-
lections were assembled for the purpose, and upon conversation with
Colonel Casey, though he is not in any way responsible for them.

Attains subtnarginatus Lee, which was not recognized when Dr.
Horn's revision was written, has been found by Dr. Schwarz at Cata-
lina Springs, Arizona. It is, however, not an Attains, but represents
a new genus, nearer to Chcctococlns than to Attains, which may be
called Attalnsimis.

Catorama tahaci has been introduced in tobacco; also Thanero-
clerns girodi, its Clerid enemy; see Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., XV, 1913,
p. 89.

Sitodrcpa apparently has to be replaced by Stegobinm Mots., i860,
a prior name. Priobiuni Mots., 1845, must also replace Trypopitys
Redt., 1858.

Bostrichiis fasciculatns Fall is a synonym of Lichenophanes peni-
cillatus Lesne, described in Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1895, p. 171, and figured
in the same publication, 1898, p. 495. The type locality for Lesne's
species is Durango, Mexico, and it is probable that many of the spe-
cies described therefrom will ultimately be found in the United States.
L. verriicosusX Gorh. Biol. C. Am., 1886, p. 353, is the same species.

Berg inns seems best placed in Lyctidse, as proposed by Colonel
Casey in 1900 and approved by Champion (Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1913)-

Sept.-Dcc, i9i8.] LeNG : CHANGES IN LiST OF CoLEOPTERA. 207

Cis piisilliis Dury, 1917, is preoccupied by C. piisillits Gorham,
1898 (Proc. Zocil. Soc. Lond., p. 330), and may be clianged to C. diiiic-
dincnsis n.m. Cis bicolor Dury, 1917, is also preoccupied by C. bi-
color Sharp, 1879 (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ]). 93), and may be changed
to (". dnryi n.m.

Aphodius V. nigcr Ckll., 1888, is preoccupied by A. nigcr Panz,
1797 (Faun. Germ., 2,7, i)? and may be changed to cockerclli n.m.

Dichelonyx Harris (Mass. Agl. Repository, X, 1826, p. 6 (note))
antedates Dichelonycha Kirby, 1837. The name has not been used
because no description accompanies it ; but as Dr. Harris designated
linearis as its type, it must be valid under International Rules of No-
menclature.

The genus Adctus must be added to our fauna as a species, at
present unidentified, occurs in Lower California.

The figure (No. 125) of Anaglyptus compressicornis given by
Gory shows the antennae with very short second joint. All the figures
on the plate indicate that the artist was careful in representing the
relative length of the antennal joints. Therefore it seems probable
that it is our Microdytiis gibbulus that is a synonym of Gory's species
and not M. gazelhdus.

The figure of (CEdionychisf) litiirata given by Olivier, p. 707,
seems, from its outline and peculiar maculation, to represent a species
of Ora.

In Lcptinotarsa nine names proposed by Tower, 1906 (Investiga-
tion, etc., of Leptinotarsa), and defined by figures or description are
included under L. dcccinlincata. They cannot be dismissed as labo-
ratory products for outdoor localities are given for seven. The name
selected for one (torinosa) is preoccupied.

Pachybrachys instabilis Fall, 1915, is preoccupied by P. instabilis
Weise, 1887 (D. E. Z., XXXI., p. 330), and has been changed to "P.
hector n.m." by Mr. Fall in Ent. News.

Leptinotarsa vielanothorax does not occur in the United States.
The specimen so called in Geo. H. Horn's collection has been pro-
nounced simply a discolored lo-lineata by Dr. Tower.

Leptinotarsa violascens, as identified by the late Frederick Knab,
occurs in Arizona. This species, with rubiginosa, behrcnsi, haldcmani,
dahlbomi and lineolata, may belong to the genus Myocoryna.

The group of species related to what we have heretofore called

208 Journal New York Entomological Society. ["^'oi- x.wi.

Crcpidodcra hclxiiies seem to belong to the genus Clialcoidcs Foudras
(Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon., VIL i860, pp. 17, 1281). It is possible also
that our species of Holtica belong in part to his genus Heninrophaga.

The name Moiiaclnis Suffr., 1852, is preoccupied l)y Kaup, 1829,
for a genus of birds and may be changed to Monachnhis n.m.

Longifarsus varicornis Suffr., L. subcinctus Harold, L. hcliophyti
Horn should be united under the first name, which is the earliest.
The food plant is Heliophytiim indicmn; and, since where it grows a
house stands or stood, it usually serves an unintended purpose of
marking a trail.

Graphops bicolor Lef. and simplex Lee. are synonyms. The spe-
cies should be known as bicolor, which is the earlier name.

Cassida bivittata Say is, fide Mr. Barber, certainly not a Cassida.
Its nearest relative seems to be certain vittate Central American spe-
cies of Metriona, in which genus it should be placed for the present.

Agelastica alni Linne is a European species that has been found
in New Jersey. A. ca^ndca Baly, credited to Japan and North
America, is probably identical. See Weise, Naturg. Ins. Deutschl.,
VI, 580.

Chlamys nodulosits Blatchley is a synonym of Exema gibber
(Oliv.), as the latter has been identified in the U. S. National Museum
collection. E. gibber is abundant in Florida.

Agelasa halcnsis has not been found in North America.

Malacosoma Chevrolat is a preoccupied name which has been re-
placed by Exosouia Jacoby. See Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1903, p. 25.

In the course of some general remarks on Halticin?e Dr. Schwarz
said that as advocated by Harold (Col. Hefte) a study of the tibiae,
especially in reference to the emargination near its apex, might pro-
duce a more natural arrangement than that at present in use, which
seems to separate some apparently closely related forms. In Paria,.
a new study of the varieties of canclla, in conjunction with food
plant, would perhaps show some to be of specific rank; in Halfica
also he thought more study of food plants should precede further
descriptive work ; since which Bull. 273, Maine Agl. Exp. Sta., deal-
ing with species allied to ignita has appeared.

Siciiiits guatemalensis is an earlier name for Giiatlwccnis dciiiigcr
Chitt. Dr. Chittenden assigned his species to EcJwcerits. It is com-
mon in Cuba.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] LeNG : CHANGES IN LiST OF COLEOPTERA. 209

Leichenum varicgatum Klug, as identified provisionally by AI.
Lesne of Paris, is to be included on account of many specimens found
by Mr. H. P. Loding: at Mobile, Ala.

The genera Paratciicttis, Pratccus and A need us of the family Tene-
brionidce seem to be near the Lagriid^e on account of the similarity
in their larval stages and the tropical forms intermediate between
them and Lagria.

Cistcla Fab. has been replaced by Pscudocistcla Cr., 1873. The
genus Gonodera Muls., Col. Fr. Pectin., 1856, p. 41, may cover our
species and if so would antedate Crotch's name.

Anthicus currax Champ., a maritime species, is common at
Brownsville, Texas. Casey's A. floridanns is synonymous.

Acanthinus spinicollis Laf., described from Brazil, occurs through
Central America and at Brownsville, Tex. An allied West Indian
species, identified by Dr. Schwarz as A. trifasciatiis Fab. occurs also
at Key West, Fla.

Anthicus hcroicus Casey is common in the egg masses of Corx-
dalus cornutus.

Dcndroidcs testacca Lee. is probably not an absolute synonym of
ephcmeroidcs Mann. At the suggestion of Dr. Schwarz. prompted
by Mr. Blair's paper in Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1914, I asked Mr.
Fall to investigate the material at Cambridge. His comparison of
the Sitka example there with Dr. Leconte's type discloses certain
small differences ; but further examples might lead to a change of
opinion.

Poiuphopcca fcnwralis Lee. is made a variety, not a synonym, of
P. polita Say on comparison of a specimen recently collected in Flor-
ida by Mr. Blatchley.

The family Stylopidae has been recently treated by Dr. W'. Dwight
Pierce as an order, Strepsiptera. While it is doubtful if all Coleop-
terists are in accord with his views, the family is placed as an appen-
dix in the new Check List, in deference to his opinion.

Orchesfcs scntcllaris is a European species that has to be added
to our introduced fauna. It has been recorded from Canada (Bro,
Germain in Cat. Ent., 1915, p. 309) and has also been found in
Connecticut.

Hormops abducciis occurs in Texas, at Waco, Basque Co., as
shown bv a letter of Dr. Leconte's to the late Geo. W. Bel f rage.

210 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'"'- xxvi.

This Texas specimen should still he in the Leconte collection. This
extends its distribution previously known to cover only Florida and
the District of Columbia.

The name Eiidocimus Schonherr, 1836, is preoccupied by Wagl.,
1832, for a genus of birds and may be changed to Eudocimimis n.m.

Calendra (not Calandra) seems to be the spelling used by Clair-
ville in Ent. Helv., I, 1798, p. 62, and throughout the text and expla-
nation of plate on pages following. The word is spelled with an " a "
once at the top of plate II.

SCOLYTID^.

The name Ipoidea is used instead of Scolytoidea, and Eccopto-
gastcr instead of Scolytus by Mr. J. M. Swaine, the most recent au-
thority on bark beetles, because, in his opinion, Geoffroy's description
of Scolytits, though the earliest, is not binomial and does not desig-
nate any species definitely.

The contrary opinion has, however, been expressed in letters from
other friends by which it appears that the word " uninomial " in Art.
2, International Code, was used to cover such cases; and that the
word " binary " in Art. 25, having a different significance from bi-
nomial, is of importance. Opinion 20 (Smithsonian Publ. No. 1983,
p. 48) and Opinion 46 (Smithsonian Publ. No. 2060, p. 105), both
ratified at ensuing International Congress, have also been cited.
Under such rulings Geoffroy's genus Scolytus, containing one un-
named species, dates from 1762 and the name has priority in deter-
mining the name of the genus and family.

Scolytus is certainly the earliest name, and its rejection under the
Rules of Nomenclature depends upon their interpretation, in which
opinions differ. I have therefore adhered to the earliest name;
though I have followed Mr. Swaine's classification otherwise.

Thysanoes quercus Hopk. cited in Smith's List is omitted because
it has never been described.

Ips terminatiis (p. 148, under Tomicus) of the Henshaw List is
omitted, being probably an error for tcrminalis Mann.

The following names are omitted at the suggestion of Mr. J. M.
Swaine, for lack of reliable American records, north of Mexico:
Platypus cylindrns Fab.
Crypturgus pusilliis Gyll.
Rhopaloplcurus pumilus Chap.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] SciIAKFFER : CoLKOl'TKROLOGICAL NOTES. 211

Lepcrisinus fraxini Panz.
Hylurgops glabratits Zett.
Trypodcndron lineatns Oliv.
Cryphalus picccc Ratz.
Cryphalns abietis Ferr.
Anisandrus dispar Fab.
Xyleborus viduus Eich.
Xylocleptes bispiniis Duft.

MISCELLANEOUS COLEOPTEROLOGICAL NOTES
AND DESCRIPTIONS.

By Chas. Schaeffer.
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Languria denticulata new name.
Languria apicalis Schaef.

The name apicalis is preoccupied in this genus. Motschutsky,
i860, described L. apicalis which is considered a synonym of iiio::ardi.

Languria convexicollis Horn.
Languria infcrstitialis Casey.

Colonel Casey differentiates his species from convexicollis princi-
pally on the form of the sixth joint of the antemial club and on the
punctuation or sculpture of the elytral intervals. The former char-
acter is sexual and the latter, the punctuation or sculpture of the
elytral intervals, is variable. The irregular rugiform creases of the
intervals when present obscure or obliterate the very fine punctua-
tion. In a moderate large series specimens may be found which have
some of the intervals smooth and some more or less rugosely creased.

Acropteroxys divisa Horn.
Acropteroxys thoracina Casey.

I have taken a number of specimens of this species in the Huach
Mountains, Arizona, in which the black basal markings of the pro-
thorax are extremely variable in extent and are almost obsolete in
one specimen. The difference in the form of the antennal joints

212 Journal Nkw York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxvi.

described by Colonel Casey for drrisa and bis iutcrsfitialis are present
in my series from Arizona and are tbose of tbe male and female
respectively.

Acropteroxys gracilis var. texana new variety.

A form taken rather commonly at Brownsville. Tex., agrees with typical
gracilis except that the prosternum around the front coxa is black as in divisa
Horn. The black prothoracic spot is as in gracilis, that is, longitudinal. In
divisa it .generally covers more or less the entire base.

Brownsville, Texas. '

Triplax mesosternalis Schaef.
Triplax vwnostignia Casey.

Typical mcsostcrualis bave tbe protborax with three anterior black
spots, one at tbe middle of anterior margin and one on each side near
tbe lateral margin. Tbe central spot is always distinct but tbe two
lateral spots are sometimes only faintly indicated or entirely absent.
I have specimens from Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico.

Chrysobothris sexfasciata new species.

Very similar in form and coloration to C. chrysala. Head feebly convex
in front ; eyes relatively narrowly separated and connected above by an arcuate
carina, occipital carina faint ; clypeus more or less distinctly triangularly
emarginate at middle, subtruncate each side ; antennas nearly as in chryscela
but with the third joint slightly shorter. Prothorax transverse, sides arcuate
each side ; disc moderately convex without depressions or callosities ; punctua-
tion moderately coarse, punctures at sides near base larger and separated by
more or Uss distinct narrow ridges. Elytra wider than the prothorax; the
margin serrulate; disc without trace of costse ; basal fovea. deep, median fovea
faint ; a green basal fascia connected at sides with a slightly arcuate submedian
fascia ; a slightly oblique postmedian fascia and the extreme apex of the same
color; surface moderately coarsely punctate, disc without costse ; near the'
lateral margin from the submedian to thesubapical fascia a more or less dis-
tinct and more coarsely and closely punctate impression. Ventral segments
moderately coarsely punctate ; lateral margin of last segment entire, apex en-
tire and slightly arcuate, without acute angles. Prosternum rather truncate ;
anterior femur with an acute tooth, not serrulate within. Length 4.5 mm.

Key West, Florida.

Type in the collection of tbe Brooklyn Museum, received tbrotigh
the kindness of Mr. Alan S. Nicolay.

This species is apt to be taken for a small clirysivla, which it re-
sembles very closely. It differs, however, from that species in having

Sept-Dec, 19 18.1 SCHAEFFER : COLEOPTEROLOGICAL NoTES. 213

the sides of clypeus not rounded l)ut truncate, the eyes above rela-
tively more closely placed, the prothorax with rounded lateral margin
and anterior ang'les not truncate and the elytral ai)ex always of the
same bright green color as the other fasciae

I am uncertain of the sex but whether male or female the apex of
last ventral segment is different from those of C. clirysa:la. >

Mastogenius puncticollis new species.

Black, bronzed, glabrous. Head convex with a more or less distinct median
impression ; moderately coarsely and not closely punctate ; antennae extending
about a little below the hind angles, serrate from the fourth joint, second joint
short, globose, third elongate about as long but much narrower than second,
shorter than the fifth and scarcely half as long as the fourth. Prothorax a
little wider than long, widest a little behind middle ; feebly converging towards
base, more rapidly towards apex ; surface rather coarsely and moderately
closely punctate, intervals between the large punctures densely punctate with
much finer punctures : at middle a more or less distinct, elongated, narrow,
feebly elevated line. Elytra as wide at base as the basal margin of prothorax;
sides subparallel : surface glabrous, rather less coarsely punctate than the pro-
thorax, and with the punctures a little more widely separated. Presternum
and metasternum rather coarsely punctate: ventral segments more finely punc-
tate, the punctures more widely separated. Posterior margin of hind coxal
plate broadly sinuate. Length 3 mm.

Huachuca Mountains, Arizona.

DiiTers from all our species in the shape and punctuation of
prothorax.

Trigonogya new genus.

Head convex, very feebly impressed ; antennae dentate from the
fourth joint. Eyes oval, nearly parallel. Prothorax truncate at base.
Scutellum small, subtriangular. Elytra convex, truncate and deeply
impressed at base. Prosternum truncate in front, laterallv with dis-
tinctly limited antennal cavities and w^ith a fine carina on each side
of middle. Mesosternum invisible. Metasternum truncate in front.
Posterior cox<e nearly contiguous; coxal plates feebly dilated inter-
nally and externally.

Type — Mastogenius rcticitlaticollis Schaef.

This new genus differs from Mastogenius and, judging from the
descriptions, from all the known genera of the tribe Mastogenini by
the distinct antennal cavities of the prosternum and seemingly also
by the carinate prosternum.

214 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'o'- xxvi.

Table of the North American Species of the Tribe Mastogenixi.

1. Presternum with distinctly limited, subtriangular antennal cavities and dis-

tinct carina on each side of middle ; posterior margin of hind coxal plates
feebly emarginate ; third joint of antennie small : i)rothoracic sculpture
reticulate; color black, elytra bluish . .Trigonogya reticulaticollis Schaef.
Prosternum without antennal cavities and without carins at middle,

Mastogenius 2

2. Posterior margin of hind coxal plates more or less sinuate or emarginate;

the exterior and interior angles slightly prominent ; front convex and

more or less distinctly impressed 3

Posterior margin of hind coxal plates oblique and internally rather broadly
dilated ; color jeneous ; front convex and sometimes with feeble median
impression; third antennal joint shorter than fifth.. M. robustUS Schaef.

3. Third antennal joint shorter than fifth ; prothorax widest below middle ;

coarsely and rather closely punctate, punctures as large, or a little larger,
as those on elytra ; intervals between the large punctures very finely and

densely punctulate M. puncticollis Schaef.

Third joint of antennas about as long or slightly longer than the fifth ; inter-
vals l)etwecn the large prothoracic punctures not densely punctate,
smooth 4

4. Prothorax widest at apical third ; a small fo\eiform impression near middle

of side margin and a very fine and faint median impressed line which
reaches neither base nor apex ; third joint of antennae scarcely more than

half as long as the fourth M. impressipennis Fall.

Prothorax widest at about middle, without small foveiform impression near
side margin at middle and without median impressed line ; third joint of
antennse more than one half as long as the fourth. . .M. subcyaneus Lee.

Haltica scutellaris Oliv.

Specimens which tindotibtedly are this species occur at Browns-
ville, Texas. It is very near our H. rufa and colored like that species
but the upper surface is very shining and much more finely punctate
and the antennal joints are a little longer and narrower with the third
and fourth joints nearly equal in size.

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] ShARP: StUDIES IN RhYNCHOPHORA. 215

STUDIES IN RHYNCHOPHORA, VI. "THE NEW
YORK WEEVIL."

By D. Sharp,
Brockenhukst, England.

Ithyccrus novcboraccnsis was termed the New York weevil by
Riley. It is the only species of its genus, and at the same time the
only species known of a very distinct subfamily. It is therefore of
much interest and importance, and my object in writing this brief
paper is to make known its extremely peculiar sex characters and to
point out that by these, as well as by some of the body-characters, it
is allied to the Australian Belidse. This affinity is exhibited more
strongly by the male than it is by the female. Such of the female
Belidae as I have examined possess a well-developed ovipositor, while
this structure is absent in Ithyccrus, the vaginal plates and palps
being attached to the margin of the membranous vulva. Hence I
believe it will be best to treat Ithyccrus at present as an isolated sub-
family of Belidae. This family is largely represented in Australia
by quite a variety of remarkable forms, very few of which have been
well investigated, hence it is not improbable that the subfamily
Ithycerides may later on not be found to be so distinct from other
Belidse as appears at present to be the case.

Two or three species of Belidse are known from South America;
I have not been able to obtain specimens of them for study as they
are at present very rare in collections, but judging from superficial
inspection it would seem that they have very little relation to
Ithyccrus. No Belid occurs in Central America, and in fact none
but Ithyccrus occurs in the whole of the northern hemisphere: there
are a few representatives of the family in New Guinea and New
Zealand.

The body characters of Ithyccrus, though agreeing in important
characters rather strongly with Belidse, depart in certain particulars,
the most important of which are the definite club of the antenna;, and
the thicker rostrum with much larger mouth-parts.

The genitalia of the Belidse are at present known only by the fig-
ure and brief description of the male parts given by F. Muir and

216 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

myself (Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1912, p. 571, pi. LXXVI, f. 223)
where the sac is not extended, and consequently is only imperfectly
shown; those of Ithyccriis I believe are quite unknown, and I give
below the best sketch I can manage from the material at my disposal,
and for which I am much indebted to Mr. C. W. Leng. The illus-
trations accompanying are due to Mr. and Mrs. F. Muir.

The male characters. — On superficial inspection of the abdomen
six segmental plates are visible ventrally, that is one more than is
usual in Rhynchophora. On dissection, however, it is seen that the
apical one is really a part of the dorsum. This has already been ex-
plained by Dr. G. H. Horn, and will readily be understood by looking
at our Fig. i. In Bcliis the arrangement is similar except that the
last segment is withdrawn into the penultimate one. Extraordinary
as is the last dorsal plate the corresponding ventral (Fig. 2, VIII) is
even more remarkable. It is reduced to an undivided, sinuous, half-
ring, very hard, and prolonged in the middle in the anterior direction
as a short strut, above which reposes the fork of the speculum which
is like a Y with a very long stalk, and on this fork there is a fold of
membrane, having on each side a slender streak of chitin (.r in Fig.
4) ; just beyond and between the fork and the rods is the distal ex-
tremity of the genital tube — the genital orifice. Owing to this dis-
position of the parts of the last segment, the anal and genital orifices
are placed in a cleft anteriar to the termination of the body instead
of at its extremity as usual (Fig. 3).

The asdeagus (Figs. 6 and 7) is very remarkable; the delicate
membrane that forms the apical part of the genital tube is of unusual
elongation, and permits the asdeagus to be withdrawn far into the
body, the tip of the median lobe (the so-called "penis") being then
2.5 millimeters away from the spot where it finds exit. This mem-
brane being severed and removed, the sedeagus can be taken out and
then, in its contracted form, presents the appearance shown in Fig.
6, the outer part being the tegmen {t f. 6) through which the median
lobe plays {ml) : this tegmen is of peculiar form; the bridge (dorsal
part, or cap-piece) consisting of two chitinizations connected into
one piece by strong membrane, but each projecting distally as a long,
free, illiate lobe, with a U-like space between them; the strut (ts)
ventrally placed is long and nearly straight and the sides forming its
fork are large and continued dorsally as the lobed plates of the cap

Sept.-Dcc, i9i8.] Sharp: Studies ix Rhynciiopiiora. 217

just described. The tegmen can be easily dissected off and then the
median lobe (ml) and its sac (is) can be seen; this lobe ("penis")
is tongue-like in form ; its dorsal aspect is of tough, transparent mem-
brane, with a stronger, chitinized yellow strip along the middle : the
lower aspect is membranous basally, but the sides and tip are hard
and dark; the struts (ms) are long, flat plates, a little longer than the
body of the lobe, and where they join the body a strong chitinous
band passes all across the dorsal aspect and from it departs the me-
dian dorsal strip described above, and it is also continuous with the
strong margin of the lowest aspect.

The sac (is) is highly peculiar; it is shown in contraction in Fig.
6, and extended (but not completely) in Fig. 7, where it is seen to
be an elongate membranous tube, rendered irregular by projecting
lobes, and bearing apically a long slender flagellum (fl) at the ter-
mination of which is the functional orifice ; in Fig. 7 this termination
cannot be seen as it is twisted under the sac, but it is shown in Fig. 6.
This flagellum is however probably not really the termination of the
organ, for there is nearly certainly within it another very delicate
and protrusible flagellum that bears the true functional oriflce.

The female genital structures. — The abdomen has seven visible
dorsal plates, six of which are membranous, the seventh, or appar-
ently terminal one, being chitinized and black, grooved along the
middle. Ventrally only 5 segments are apparent, but on taking off
the abdomen two others can be distinguished in close apposition with
the metasternum and coxae. The five visible plates are subequal in
length, the sutures (or rather lines of separation) are slight, and
have very little mobility, so that curving of the abdomen is imprac-
ticable. On taking off the abdomen, and examining the apex an
eighth abdominal segment is disclosed. The eighth dorsal is rather
long and hard, and its base is connected by membrane with an eighth
ventral, which is shovel-like in shape, and has a slender handle or
strut about as long as itself. This eighth ventral is connected with the
seventh by a very ample membrane which is folded forwards ; along
the middle of the shovel there is a membranous space that anteriorly
does not extend so far as the beginning of the strut. From within
the eighth segment there protrudes the termination of the genital
tube in the form of a pair of large corneous plates or vaginal palps,

218 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoL xxvi.

each of which is a two-segmented structure, of which the basal part
is a hard, narrow, long plate, ciliate at the margin and bearing a
minute, terminal, freely-articulated segment.

The alimentary canal terminates just al)ove the base of these
vaginal plates, so that just above the anus is the termination of the
genital tube, there being nothing between the two orifices but a little
membrane. The genital orifice is membranous, ample, and proceed-
ing forwards very soon divides into two branches, one of which is
soon strongly elbowed, and then narrows to form a spiral duct that
bears the spermatheca; this is of very remarkable and unusual form,
a bent, long tube, with a round head ; the duct enters close to the
head, and at the same place there is connection with a rather long,
tubular gland.

Explanation of Plate X.
(AH of the male.)

Fig. I. Profile of abdomen.

Fig. 2. Ventral aspect of last segment.

Fig. 3. Connection of dorsal and ventral plates of last segment (dia-
grammatic) .

Fig. 4. Terminal portion of genital tube.

Fig. 5. Last ventral plate, spiculum and terminal portion of genital tube.

Fig. 6. ^deagus as extracted, in contracted state.

Fig. 7. Internal sac ; appro.ximation to its functional condition of ex-
tension : dorsal aspect.

The lettering is uniform throughout, viz. : Numerals, i-S, dorsal sclerites
of abdomen; I-VIII, ventral sclerites.

Letters, a, strut of last \entral ; b, anus; on i, first connecting membrane;
ej, duct from the testes ; /. fork of speculum ; fl, flagellum ; is, sac ; "(/, median
lobe ; ms, median lobe struts ; s, spiracle ; sp. spiculum ; t. tegmen ; ts. strut of
tegmen ; .\\ chitin rod at termination of genital tube.

NEW NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF APION.

By H. C. Fall,

Tyng-sboro, Mass. ,

Specimens of an Apion bred from galls on Hibiscus mosclieutos
at Arlington, N. J., have recently been sent me for identification by
Mr. H. B. Weiss. An examination shows that they can not be re-

Jonrn. N. Y. Ent. Soc.

Vol.XXVI. FIX.

Ithycerus.

Sept.-Dec, igiS.] FaLL : NeW SpECIES OF APION. 219

f erred to any of our previously known species, and at Mr. Weiss'
request I give herewith a description of the species in order that
it may be properly referred to in his and Mr. Dickerson's paper on
Hibiscus insects. The opportunity is taken to make known several
other new species of Apion that have come to hand since my revision
of the genus. Single examples, mostly females, of some four or five
other apparently new species are in my collection, two of which,
from their appearance, I suspect are importations. These must await
the turning up of additional specimens, including males, before they
can be properly made known.

Apion hibisci new species.

Moderately robust, black, tibise and tarsi brownish piceous, pubescence
thin, white, somewhat condensed at the base of the third elytral interval.
Beak stout, cylindrical, moderately curved, subequal in length to the head and
thorax in the male, a little longer in the female, rather densely punctate
throughout in both sexes, a somewhat larger elongate puncture over the base
of the antennae; first joint of latter one and one-half ($) to twice ($) the
length of the second, and not quite reaching the eye. Front subequal in
width to the tip of the beak, not sulcate. Prothorax obviously wider than
long, sides parallel in about basal three-fifths then rather suddenly narrowed,
the apex subtubulale : punctures coarse and moderately close, basal fovea not
very conspicuous. Elytra one-third longer than wide, humeri quite broadly
prominent, sides nearly parallel in rather more than basal half, intervals flat,
one-half to three-fourths wider than the striae. Metasternum and first two
ventral segments moderately punctate, the fifth vaguely more finely so.
Length 2.4 to 2.- mm.

Hab. : Arlington, New Jersey ; taken from galls on Hibiscus
moscheutos by Mr. H. B. Weiss, from whom I have received a good
series of specimens.

This species belongs to Section IV of my Synopsis (Trans. Am.
Ent. Soc, 1898) and would by the table fall near attenuatum, after
which it may best be placed; differing by its stouter form, broader
thorax, more parellel elytra, more basally inserted antenna^, and
paler tibiae and' tarsi. The sexual differences are very feeble, con-
sisting only in the slightly longer beak in the female.

A. albidulum new species.

Form rather stout, black, clothed quite densely with elongate appressed
white squamules. Beak slender, cylindrical, slightly longer than the thorax
in the male, a little longer but shorter than the head and thorax in the female,

220 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'"'- >^xvi.

polished and sparsely punctate beyond the basal dilatation, which is distinct in
the male, feeble in the female. Antenn;e inserted near the base, the first joint
almost reaching the eye. Thorax not quite as long as wide, sides moderately
rounded behind the middle, slightly sinuate before the base, punctuation
moderate but largely concealed by the vestiture. Elytra nearly twice as wide
as the thorax, not more than one-fifth longer than wide, sides distinctly di-
vergent to behind the middle, intervals apparently flat, much wider than the
strise. Body beneath and legs densely squamose. Length 2 to 2.2 mm.

Hab. : California. Described from a single pair (type 5) com-
municated by Mr. E. P. Van Duzee, taken at Coachella, Riverside Co.,
and a single specimen from Palm Springs (collected by Hubbard)
erroneously placed with varicorne in my collection. The middle and
hind tibial of the male are armed at tip with a moderately long mucro
which bears a denticle beneath. This species is to be associated with
propinqiiicoriic and modestum, the latter of which it should follow.
It is much more densely and coarsely squamose than modestum and
is withal a larger and stouter species. Superficially it more nearly
resembles propinqueconic, but the latter has a finer and less dense
vestiture and a slightly longer undilated beak w^ith more basally
inserted antennae. Superficially also it resembles quite strongly the
densely squamose form of varicorne which occurs in the same region,
but this latter belongs to an entirely different section of the genus.

A. eccentricum new species.

Very similar in form, size, and general aspect to griseum. Black, pubes-
cence conspicuous but not dense except on the sternal side pieces. Beak (J)
as long as the head and thorax, a little thicker at the middle as viewed from
the side, slightly dilated at the antennal insertion, polished and sparsely
finely punctate apically, more closely so at sides ; 5 longer than the head and
thorax, a little more slender and scarcely dilated. Antennae rather distant
from the base of the beak, first joint subequal to the next three, the third
attaining the eye. Front scarcely to feebly sulcate. Prothorax a little wider
than long, sides arcuate medially, moderately constricted in front, sinuate
before the basal margin, which is evidently expanded ; punctuation rather
close, basal fovea present. Elytra about one-third longer than wide, sides
subparallel or feebly divergent basally in the male, more evidently diverging
posteriorly in the female. Punctuation beneath moderate. Length 2 to 2.2 mm.

Hab.: Arizona (Santa Rita Mts., Clemence; Huachuca Mts.,
Slevin). The type is a male from the first named locality.

In addition to the sexual rostral differences, the males have the
middle tibiae armed with a simple acute apical mucro, the front and

Sept.-Dec, I918.J FaLL : NeW SpECIES OF ApiON. 221

hind tibise unarmed ; the tibiae in the female are unarmed as usual
and the femora are noticeably more slender than in the male.

The presence of a terminal mucro on the middle tibiae only is a
unique character thus far in the genus, but it occurs again in the fol-
lowing species.

This species should follow griscum, and may most certainly be
distinguished from it and allies by the peculiar male tibial armature.

A. brunnicornis new species.

Similar in most respects to the preceding species, notably so in having the
middle tibias alone of the male mucronate. It differs from eccentricum as fol-
lows. Size obviously smaller; beak shorter and stouter in the male, shorter
than the head and thorax, and more evidently thickened medially when
viewed in profile; antennas brownish testaceous, basal joint less elongate, the
second joint reaching the eye; tibial mucro curved inward a little at tip, not
so in eccentricum.

In the female the beak is also stouter, and is a little more strongly curved
than in the same sex of eccentricum.

The femora are more slender in the female than in the male as in
eccentricum.

Length 1.6 to 1.9 mm.

Hab. : Arizona. Chiricahua Mts. Collected by H. G. Hubbard.

This species is definitely separable from all others except the pre-
ceding by the peculiar male tibial armature and from that by the
color of the antennae, in itself a very unusual character.

A. eriogoni new species.

Very closely related, and extremely similar to ventricosum, but averaging
a little smaller, and slightly less ventricose than the latter. The pubescence
is a little better developed than in ventricosum, and the beak is evidently
longer and more slender, being as long as the head and thorax in the male, and
a little more elongate in the female. The elytral interspaces are, as a rule, a
trifle wider and flatter in ventricosum. Length 1.4 to 1.55 mm.

Hab. : Arr:.ona. Described from two males and two females
taken by Dr. E. A. Schwarz on Eriogoniim at Oracle and in the Santa
Rita Mts., June 5-30. The type a male from the first named locality.

Ventricosum occurs abundantly on Prosopis in the Southwest.

A. frontellum new species.

Moderately robust, black, with grayish aspect, due to the dull lustre and
white appressed hairs which, though sparse, are somewhat conspicuous. Beak

222 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

($) shorter than the head and thorax, moderately stout, cylindrical, closely
rather coarsely punctate almost throughout ; ($) scarcely as long as the head
and thorax, a little longer and more slender than in the male, similarly sculp-
tured. Antennae moderate, basal joint not longer than the next two and almost
reaching the eye. Front a little narrower than the tip of the beak, with lines
of subconfluent punctures. Prothorax a little wider than long, narrowed in
front, feebly constricted at apex, sides subparallel in basal half, very feebly
sinuate before the basal margin which is only very slightly expanded ; punc-
tuation moderate.

Elytra scarcely one-third longer than wide, sides subparallel basally in the
male, a little divergent to middle in the female intervals very little wider than
the striae, distinctly convex. Metasternum and first two ventral segments
coarsely punctured. Legs moderate. Length 1.8 to 2 mm.

Hab. : Texas. El Paso, June 7 (Kiiaus) ; Marfa, July 3-6 (Wick-
ham). The type is a male from the first named locality.

There is no apparent sexual difference other than in the length
of the beak. The species belongs in Sec. IV and should precede
stibornafum.

A. perlentum new species.

Subelongate, black, thinly pubescent, hairs feebly condensed at the base
of the third elytral intervals. Beak rather stout, as long as the head and
thorax (J), distinctly longer ($), cylindrical, moderately curved, not appre-
ciably dilated at the antennal insertion, dull and moderately punctate through'
out in both sexes. Front as wide as the tip of the beak (J), slightly nar-
rower (5), not broadly sulcate but with one or two narrow striae. Basal joint
of antennae not quite twice as long as the second, the latter more than attain-
ing the eye (J) or not attaining the eye (J). Prothorax about as long as
wide, sides feebly arcuate in basal two-thirds, slightly narrower at base than
at middle, basal margin not appreciably expanded. Elytra not quite twice as
long as wide, humeri moderate, sides feebly divergent in basal half in male,
more obviously so in the female, intervals more flat and nearly twice as wide
as the striae. Beneath rather sparsely punctate; legs normal. Length 2.4
to 2.85 mm.

Hab.: California (Poway, San Diego Co.). Described from a
single pair collected and contributed by Dr. Blaisdell.

If I have properly interpreted the sexes, there are no differences
of a sexual nature other than in length of the beak.

If the front is held to be narrower than the tip of the beak, and
it is slightly so in the male, this species would follow filum in Section
IV of my Revision, but if it be not so considered, and it is not at all
so in the female, then it would properly come after elutipes, where I
would prefer to place it.

Sept.-Dec, i9i8.] Fall : New Species OF ApiON. 223

A. disparatum Slip.

Specimens taken by the late Prof. Snow in the Santa Rita Mts.,
Arizona, were so identified by Wagner. It should follow nasutum
in my arrangement of species, judging from one example sent me
by Snow.

A. nunenmacheri Wagner. Novitates Zoologies, XIX, April, 19 12, p. 97.

Specimens sent me by Nunenmacher show this to be not separable
from proclive Lee.

A. haplopus Wagner, loc. cit., p. 99.

This is said to be near ventricosiim, differing by its smaller size,
lack of metallic lustre on the elytra, and especially by the shorter,
more robust beak, and shorter, more robust antennce and shorter
elytra. Described from a pair from Benson, Arizona, sent by Nunen-
macher. This must be near eriogoni described above but the dis-
tinctive characters given do not especially apply and the beak in
eriogoni is really less stout, than in ventricosiim, instead of inore so.

An appeal to Mr. Nunenmacher for a specimen of haplopus for
study brought the reply that he had no more. It is unfortunate that
a collector should send all his specimens of a doubtful thing like this
to Europe, and especially so that it should be described there without
depositing a paratype in this country. American entomologists have
been put to no end of trouble in attempting to identify American
insects described by European systematists, more often than not with-
out any adequate representation of our species for comparative pur-
poses. A like action on our part would be considered highly pre-
sumptuous, but it would really be much easier in normal times for an
American student to get a working representation of the European
species of almost any genus than for the European student to get an
equally complete series of ours. If they continue to describe our
species, the least they can do is to place types or paratypes in some
available collection in this country.

224

Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'oi. xxvi.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Guenee's Herminidse revived. — I have been studying at odd times
recently the basal abdominal and thoracic structures of the Noctuidx.
At present my conclusions are still amorphous in most of the series
but a group of the Deltoids stand out strongly in contrast to all the
other Noctuidse, in having the first abdominal spiracle exposed on the
edge of the tympanic hood, as noted in my description of the Arctiidae,
etc. (Psyche, 23, 186, 1916), while in all others, including the Hypenid
Deltoids it is enclosed within the hood wherever any hood is de-
veloped. This Arctioid group is approximately the Herminidae of
Guenee, or the Heliini plus Herminiini of Smith, and may be known
as the Herminiinae. It includes the following genera :

Canipiylochila Steph. (Epiaen-

xis auct. ) ,
Pscudaglossa Grt.,
Epizcnxis Hbn. {Zanclognatha

Led.),
Hormisa Wlk.,
Philometra Grt.,
Phalcunostola Grt.,
Chytolita Grt.,
Renia Gn.,
Blepiina Gn.,

Tctanolita Grt.,
Phalcrnophana Grt. (Hctero-

gramina),
Hypenula Grt..

Lascoria Wlk. {Gahcrasa\N\\i.) ,
Rejectaria Gn.,
Palthis Hbn.,
Dcrcetis Grt.,
Herminia ( Europe ) ,
Nodaria (Europe),
Pechypogon (Europe).

Numerous South American genera evidently also belong here, —
all those with modified fore legs and perhaps a few others, like our
Camptylochila and Pseudaglossa. The following genera are cer-
tainlv excluded :

Scoliopteryx,

Plusiodonta,

Sylectra,

Hypsoropha,

Alabama,

Anomis,

Scolccocampa,

Rivula,

Mycterophora,

Pleonectyptera,

Phytometra {Prothyinia),

Pangrapta,

Spargaloma {Hyamia ) ,

Melanofnma,

Menopshnns,

Capis,

Sail a,

Bomolocha,

Lomanaltes,

Ancpischetos,

Plathypcna,

Sept.-Dec, I9i8.] MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. 225

Pseudorgyia, Dyspyralis, Hypciia,

Gahra (Eucalyptra) , Mclalectra (Homopyralis),
Par or a, Hypcnopsis,

W. T. M. Forbes.

Liophlceus tessulatus Miiller. — A specimen of this European in-
sect was received in December, 1917, from New Rochelle, accom-
panied by the statement that: "In winter it eats the roots (green-
houses) and in summer the leaves of Rhododendron and Taxus."
Only one specimen was obtained and the recorded food habits lead us
to suspect that most of the damage in this greenhouse may have been
caused by the somewhat similar appearing black vine weevil, Otio-
rhynchus sulcatiis Fabr., another European species which has been
received from several New York State localities. Fowler, in his
" Coleoptera of the British Islands," 5: 198, states that Liophloriis
occurs on hedges, young trees, nettles, etc., and may be obtained by
beating ivy which seems to be the special food plant. — E. P. Felt.

Nemobius. — The name of the genus Ah^mobiits, Chapuis 1869 in
Scolytidse has been altered to Nomchius by Longinos Navas because
Nemobius was first used in Orthoptera (Serville, 1839). The altera-
tion appears in Boletin de la Soc. Aragonesa de ciencias nat., XIV,
1915, p. 34, and is liable to be overlooked. — John D. Sherman, Jr.

Extract from Letter of Dr. David Sharp re Rhynchophonis pal-
marum. — Just now I am giving much attention to Calandridx. I see
that in your nice book you have been unable to give information
about Rhynchophonis palmarnm in North America. I can give in-
formation about this and will do so as it involves several points of
considerable importance. Upwards of fifty years ago, the late Edwin
Brown, G. R. Crotch and myself contributed to sending a young col-
lector, J. R. Hardy, to California to get beetles for our collections;
and it fell to me to arrange and name what we received. I could
only do this by sending a set to Dr. Leconte, which I did, giving him
permission to keep whatever he liked. Among them was a unique
specimen of a large black Rhynchophonis which he said was R.
palmarnm, but expressed the opinion to me that it was not N. Amer-
ican but had got into the lot by some error.

226 Journal New York Entomological Society. [V°1- xxvi.

Enquiry of Hardy showed that it was certainly not an error. He
did what at that time was a marvel, viz. : penetrated on foot from
San Diego to Fort Yuma, and found this specimen in a grove of palm
trees there. Leconte was quite satisfied and so R. palmarum was
placed in your lists. But is the specimen really R. palmarum? I
doubt it. I find that R. palmarum is a different genus from the
Asiatic Rhynchophorus, and so far as I can judge from your book
(I have no specimens) your R. criientatus agrees with the Asiatic
forms, and not with R. palmarum. It would be worth while to have
the specimen examined as it is probably still extant in the Leconte
collection. R. palmarum instead of having the pronotum simply
curved at the base, is sinuate on each side there, so as to be lobed in
the middle, and it has the rostrum extremely coarsely sculptured at
the base beneath, while it is smooth in the other species. I may add
that I have an idea from your book that R. cruentatus may be a dif-
ferent genus from the Asiatic Rhynchophorus. — D. Sharp.

Tandem Dragonflies. — At one of the smaller ponds close to Long
Pond, Wading River, Long Island, N. Y., on July 26, 191 7, the writer
saw a most unusual sight, namely three dragonflies attached and fly-
ing together. The species was the common Gomphus lividus Selys
(sordidits Hagen). First there was a male, which was holding an-
other male just behind him by the prothorax, this male in turn being
in copulation with a female of the same species. The three insects
were flying together along the margin of the pond and were easily
captured. On one occasion on Staten Island we saw a male Libellula
luctuosa {basalts) seize a female auripcnnis, and at another time a
male auripennis grasp a female L. semifasciata, but never before had
we witnessed three dragonflies flying tandem.

Long Pond and the nearby Deep Pond are among the best locali-
ties for dragonflies on Long Island, and at the time of our visit in
June, 1917, we captured at the former such desirable species as Lestcs
eurinus, Enallagma minusculum, Gomphoidcs ohscura, Anax longipes,
Dorocordulia lepida, Ladona exusta deplanta, Libellula flavida, Cell-
themis monomelana, while at the latter were taken Dorocordulia
libera and Leucorrhinia frigida. Some of the species mentioned are
common in the Pine Barrens of New Jersey, but rare on Long
Island. — Wm. T. Davis.

Sept-Dec, 1918.] MISCELLANEOUS NoTES. 227

Hapithus agitator Uhler. — Several specimens of this species were
collected at Ocean Beach, Fire Island, Long Island, N. Y., August,
1917, by Mr. Henry Thurston. This species is an addition to the
known fauna of Long Island and its range has thus been extended
northward. A female of this cricket was collected on Staten Island
at Tottenville, September 21, 1902. — Wm. T. Davis.

Papilio marcellus Cramer. — A specimen of this species alighted on
my office window in the Grand Central Station Building, 42d street,
New York City, on the eighth of last July. — C. H. Sunderland.

The Honey-dew of Aphids very Attractive to Moths and Roaches.

— On June 27, 1917, the writer was walking at night along a road
near Wading River, Long Island, N. Y., examining the wayside vege-
tation with an acetylene lantern, when suddenly a small bush was
seen to be aflutter with moths. The bush proved to be a species of
Pyrus, the terminal branches of which \vere infested by a species of
black or blackish aphid. The excrement of these creatures was very
attractive to scores of other insects, probably more so than the usual
"sugar" bait used by entomologists. In all 45 moths were taken of
24 species, but a number of kinds escaped, and no especial effort was
made to collect all of the specimens seen, in fact \t would have been
impossible, for they were most wary and quickly left the bush. Geo-
metrids and microlepidoptera were present, as well as Noctuids ; also
roaches of three species, and numerous caddis flies. By visiting the
little bush the next evening and approaching more cautiously, some
of the species were collected that got away on the first occasion.

The insects identified are as follows: Moths; Rhynchagrotis nifi-
pectus, Noctua plecta, Mamesfra detracta, M. stibjuncta, M. grandis,
M. renig^ra, Heliophila multilinea, Orthodcs creniilata, 0. cynica,
Graphiphora oviduca, Ogdoconta cinereola, Eustrotig, carneola, Pro-
thymia semipu'purca, Tarachc erastrioides, Pangrapta .decoralis, Pho-
bcria 'atomaris, Orthofidonia vcstaliata. Sciagraphia heliothidata,
Caherodes confusaria, Sabulodes lorafa and Dcsmia fnneralis. The
three roaches are Parcoblatta fnk'cscens, P. I'irginica and P. uJdcr-
iaiia. Not only were there many male roaches present, but also a
number of females, which in this genus are wingless. — Wm. T. Davis.

228 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'°'- x>^vi.

Anacampsis innocuella.— In connection with this species and Mr.
Davis' note in the June, 1918, number it may be well to record the
following observation. In June, 1912, I found large numbers of
rolled leaves of Populus grandidentata, and a good many of P. tremii-
loides, lying on the ground as described by Mr. Davis, and bred this
species from them. In this case they were evidently cut off long
before maturity, often very soon after the last molt, and the cater-
pillar fed for several days on the withered and partially decayed
leaves. The localities were Mt. Toby, Sunderland, and the Notch,
Mt. Holyoke Range, Mass. I have found it many times since, here
at Ithaca and elsewhere. — Wm. T. M. Forres.

Butterfly Collecting for the Season of 1918. — Spring collecting was
very poor and the season apparently backward. The poor collecting
at Greenwood Lake on May 5 has already been reported.

Early summer, i. e., June collecting, was very good and the season
was ahead of normal. At Fort Montgomery, N. Y., on June i, the
collecting was excellent, 30 species and 2 varieties being positively
identified; there were 2 or 3 additional forms which escaped. In-
sects of other orders were apparently plentiful.

Summer cottages are being erected and encroach on the collecting
territory. Military guards are all through the region : they examine
the autos but do not molest the pedestrians.

Several trips to Van Courtlandt Park, New York City, through
this month showed good collecting, but there was a decided falling
off during the last few days.

From the last days of June to the present time, the collecting has
been poor and the season backward, at least during July. On the
other hand the vegetation was ahead, golden rod and iron-weed being
in bloom two to three weeks earlier than during normal seasons.
Perhaps the extremely dry weather during July and August is re-
sponsible.

Eurymns pliiludice (Godart), which was quite scarce last season,
is with us this year in its normal abundance.

The remarks on the poor collecting seem also to apply to the
Heterocera.

Lepidopterous larvae, so abundant last fall, are relatively scarce
now. — Frank E. Watson.

Sept.-Dec, 1918.] PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 229

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOG-
ICAL SOCIETY.

Meeting of April 2.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held April
2, 1918, at 8:00 P.M. in the American Museum of Natural History, President
L. B. Woodruff in the chair, with 16 members and four visitors, including
Dr. Edwin C. Van Dyke, present.

Upon invitation by the chairman. Dr. Van Dyke spoke of certain taxo-
nomic matters he had noticed and generally of the interesting modifications
of beetles found in a few sp^ial environments. He pointed out in particular
that the W. I. Acmccoderci found in South Florida is cubcecola and not pul-
cherrima as it is commonly labelled, illustrating his remarks by showing the
specimens, the original descriptions and the figures given by Kerremans.

He exhibited also a blind cave beetle collected near Austin, Texas, in
March, 1903, by Prof. Comstock, which is undescribed and especially interest-
ing because allied to Casnonia instead of Anophthalmus.

In this connection Dr. Van Dkye spoke of the terricolous fauna of Cali-
fornia, exhibiting Pterosticlnis caligans Horn and related undescribed species,
pointing out their pallid color and restricted habitat ; also of the interesting
association of certain species with Ncotonui the bush or wood-rat. He re-
ferred also to the intertidal habitat of the aberrant species of Trcchus found
on the Pacific Coast, saying a new genus would eventually be needed for such
between Tree litis and Pogomts.

Several new species of Cyehrini allied to subtilis were also shown.

His remarks were discussed by several members.

Mr. Barber read a paper on " New Species and Varieties of "Chinch-Bug
from the United States " with blackboard illustrations and diagrams to show
the dispersal routes suggested by Webster. This paper will be printed in full.

Mr. Watson exhibited recent donations received from Mr. B. Preston
Clark, of Oberthiir and also Argentine butterflies and read a paper, " Miscel-
laneous Notes and Records of Local Lepidoptera," which will be printed in full.

Mr. Notman exhibited a box of Coleoptera collected March 31 at Chaun-
cey, Westchester Co., N. Y., pointing out a number of interesting species
included.

Mr. Dow exhibited and donated to his fellow members a number of
beetles and other insects collected March 31 at Claremont, N. H.

Meeting of April 16.

.\ regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
S:oo P.M., April 16, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History, Presi-
dent Lewis B. Woodruff in the chair, with twenty members and three visitors,
including Mr. F. G. Carnochan, present.

230 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. x\vi.

The Field Committee through Mr. Dow reported that seven members took
part in the excursion to Central Park, L. I., where the capture of Brephos
infans was the feature of the occasion.

Mr. Engelhardt spoke of the " Faunal Zones in S. W. Utah," saying in
part that they were governed by the elevation and canons and exceedingly
varied. Primarily three zones, Virgin River Valley at about 3,000 ft.. Great
Basin at about 5,000 ft., High Plateau at about 10,000 ft., might be dis-
tinguished. But the canons act as arms of the more elevated zones ; the
vegetation of which will descend to even 3,000 ft. in the canons ; and an
intermediate region at 6,000/7,000 ft. may be less distinctly distinguished, as
well as another at 4,000/5,000 ft.

After speaking of the trees and animals that inhabit each zone, Mr.
Engelhardt exhibited the tiger beetles as an example of insect distribution :
Virgin River Zone: Cicindela prcctextata, arisoncc ; Transition Region: Cicin-
dela kirbyi, oregona (green form) ; Great Basin : Cicindela tenuisignata, paro-
wana, chihuahuw, oregona (black form) ; High Plateau ; Cicindela longilabris,
cimarrona, and a form of longilabris from Duck Lake and Cedar Mts.

Mr. Englehardt also exhibited from the Hymenoptera he had taken
Polistes flavus, Bombus Morrisoni, Xylocopa ariaonensis and tabaniforiiiis, the
latter crepuscular in habit, and spoke of previous collecting in the same
region by Wickham (1904), Weidt (1900), and particularly Lieut. Wheeler's
U. S. Geol. Survey, 1S71-1874, which turned up some species like Satynis
wheeleri, Argynnis nokomis and Sphinx elsa, that remain very rare. These
species were also shown and caused Mr. Engelhardt to close with an enthu-
siastic praise of a region so varied in character and so promising as a field
for future work.

Mr. Nicolay exhibited a collection of syrphid fleas and read a memo, on
the lunate onion fly which will be published elsewhere.

Dr. Bequaert also exhibited Syrphidae, calling attention to a number of
special interest including the different color of the hairs noticed in a Cali-
fornia specimen of Arctophila flagrans. The allied European species is. how-
ever, very variable in color. Others spoken of were Criorhina humeralis Will,
from Yaphank, L. L (Mr. Engelhardt), Xanthogramma aqnalis Loew, Catskill,
N. Y., Brachypalpus rileyi Will., Staten Island (Mr. Davis), and Red Bank,
N. J., Chrysotoxiim ventricosum Loew, Keene Valley, N. Y. (Mr. Notman),
Sphiximorpha loewii (Williston), Fort Grant, Ariz. Seven species of Micro-
don were shown, including the true M. baliopterus Loew from Texas. Speci-
mens from Petersburg, Va., were at first believed to be M. baliopterus, but
the specimens caught on the Cornell auto trip at both localities showed the
difference ; the Virginia species is probably undescribed.

Dr. Bequaert also exhibited a crepuscular bee of the genus Ptiloglotta
taken at San Juan, Porto Rico, and received through Mr. Engelhardt.

Mr. Halinan spoke of the countries into which his engineering work had
taken him since his last attendance, including Panama, where the rich tropical
fauna had enabled him to collect great numbers of insects ; and Chile, where

Sept.-Dec, 1918.] Proceedings of the Society. 231

in the semi-arid regions about Coquimbo and in the nitrate deserts he had
found it hard to gather about 2.500 specimens. The best opportunities for
collecting were around the small rivers and in the scattered cases, but some
insects were also found on cactus blossoms, at the arc light and in the tarantula
holes, though the latter were seldom perfect.

He also spoke of the efforts made since his return to dispose of the
Sleight Collection in connection with the establishment of a public museum
in Paterson, and present prospects of their success.

Mr. Carnochan, being invited to speak by the president, said that he had
been able to do little in entomology since August, when he entered the Army,
but he was glad to report receipt of a letter from Prof. Wheeler, detailing
the success of the students at the Bussey Institution.

Mr. Bischoff placed on record the capture by Mr. Barber, at Vienna, Va.,
August II, 1916, of a specimen of Neoclytus jouteli. This longhorn was de-
scribed by Mr. Davis from LakeJiurst, N. J., and has since been known mainly
from specimens beaten from post oak in New Jersey and by Mr. Bischoff.

Mr. Davis exhibited Cimex vicarius, a hairy bed bug from the nests of
cliff swallows at Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, collected at his request by Mr. Har-
rison F. Lewis on July 29, accompanied by other species for comparison.

Mr. Dow exhibited insects from under stones and beetles recently col-
lected which he placed at the disposal of his fellow members.

Mr. Comstock exhibited Monthly Bulletin of the California Development
Board for March, 1918, containing a report on " Harvesting a Most Unusual
Crop," viz. : 60 to 75 billion lady bugs, which are packed in quarts = 33,000
lady bugs, stored until summer, and then shipped to growers of cantaloupes
and other vegetables to feed on the injurious aphis.

Meeting of May 7.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8:00 P.M., on May 7, iqtB, in the American Museum of Natural History,
President Lewis B. Woodruff in the chair, with 19 members and three visitors
present.

Mr. Davis read a paper, " Collecting Notes from Virginia," and exhibited
several boxes of the insects referred to therein. The larva and cocoon of
Dynastes tiiyus from roots of black oak showed how varied was its food,
for it has also been found by Manee in pine roots and by others in ash. A
large number of beetle elytra, etc., from toad excrement showed that Cychrus,
Dicwlus, Geotrupes, Elater, Chccridium, Allorhina, Meracantha, Hippodamia,
Pterostichus were among the genera contributing to the toad's food. A great
series of the genus Calopteron, all bred from one bunch of larva?, will be the
basis of a later article on the confused varietal names.

Among other interesting beetles were Coptodera errata. Pyrota Uneata,
Lndhis attenuatus, all uncommon in local collections, and Arthromacra robin-
soni, named in honor of Col. Wirt Robinson, who was Mr. Davis' host and
companion in Virginia.

232 Journal New York Entomological Society. f^'oi- xxvi.

Among other insects shown from Wingina, was a Mantispa brunnca Say.

In this connection Mr. Davis exhibited specimens of Mantispa interrupta,
Mantispa floridana, Mantispa sayi and Mantispa viridis. He called attention
to the synopsis of the species by Nathan Banks in the Trans. Am. Ento. Soc,
February, 1897, and stated that some of the specimens of M. brunnea in his
series of forty-six individvials had the " anal vein furcate in fore wing " ;
some had it furcate on one side only and in others it was simple in both wings.
He stated that he had compared his four specimens of M. floridana with the
type in Mrs. Slosson's collection and found them to be alike except that in the
type the anal vein is furcate in fore wings, while in the other four it is
simple.

Dr. Bequaert exhibited three flies, new to New Jersey List, that had
been collected by Mr. Nicolay, viz. : Helophilus bilinearis Williston, Secaucus,
N. J., April :7; Myiolepta nigra Loew, Huntingdon Co., N. J., April 19;
Chrysochlamys buccata Loew, Malaga, N. J., April 26 ; of which the first had
been described from Colorado.

Dr. Bequaert also presented a paper on " Maggots of Flies Parasitic on
Birds " which will be published later. He referred to the early work of Leon
Dufour and other authors, commending especially Albert F. Coutant's paper
in Journal of Parasitology, 1915, on "The Habits, Life History and Struc-
ture of a Blood Sucking Muscid Larva." His remarks referred especially to
Protocalliphora sordida (Zetterstedt) the species whose maggots live in the
feathers and suck blood at intervals, whereas Protocalliphora azurea (Fallen)
maggots bore in the skin of young birds and usually kill them in a short time.

Mr. J. A. Weber, of the Linnsean Society, present as a visitor, inquired
about the flies parasitic on owls and Dr. Bequaert explained that they be-
longed to a different group, Ornithomyida;, with spherical larva, mistakable
for eggs.

Mr. Woodruff exhibited Cremastochilus found flying about ant hills at
Greenwood Lake, N. J., on May 5, as will be published in Miscellaneous
Notes.

Mr. Davis referred to Euphoria inda L., saying that six individuals were
found on the same nests of Formica e.vsectoides at Greenwood Lake on May
5, 1918, and the ants were pulling them about in the same manner as they do
Cremastochiltis. All six were alive and active when let alone by the ants.
In one instance a male and female were found together.

Mr. Davis also contributed a note on Alypia octomaculata Fab. A male
collected May 5, 191 8, near Greenwood Lake, N. J., was shown. Mr. Wood-
ruff had also collected a specimen at the same time. Mr. Davis called atten-
tion to the discussion in the Journal for June, 1917, p. 147, as to whether this
species was double brooded, and stated that as several specimens had been
captured early in the year, there was every reason to suppose that it was
double brooded at times.

In further reference to early dates for Lepidoptera, Mr. Davis exhibited
Papilio turniis L. Two males were seen, one of which was captured on top

Sept-Dec, 1918.] Proceedings of the Society. 233

of the Palisades, N. J., April 24, 1918, while in company with Dr. Wiegmann.
This is quite an early date.

Mr. Woodruff spoke of a faded Monarch butterfly seen in Central Park
on April 28.

Mr. Dow exhibited Cremastochilus taken at Fort Lee.

Meeting of May 21.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
S:iS P.M., May 21, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History,
President Lewis B. Woodruff in the chair, with 17 members and one visitor
present.

Mr. Bird read a paper on " The Decline of the Hickory Bark Beetle,
Scolytus qitadrispinostis," in which the operations of nature by which the
balance is restored between an indigenous food plant and its enemies were
traced. The paper will be printed in full.

It was discussed by Messrs. Dickerson, Woodruff', Davis, Engelhardt and
Olsen, especially in reference to the rise and fall in the severity of insect
attacks.

Mr. Woodruff' read a paper on '' Our Local Species of Ophidernia," in
which two new species were described and all the species were discussed.
This paper will also be printed in full.

Mr. Harris recorded the fact that of Omns vandykei the only known ex-
ample was in the W. Horn collection in Berlin. The specimens distributed
under that name are the most up-country form of Omus ciipreonitens and
•come from Dyerville in Humboldt Co., Cal., about 75 miles southeast of
Areata Beach, the type locality for ciipreonitens.

Mr. Davis exhibited a list of Long Island Longhorns which he had com-
piled for Mr. Nicolay from his many trips on the island. He called particular
attention to the records for Elptroleptus floridanns, beaten from Querciis nana
at early dates and found also in washup at Rockaway. This species extends
€ven to Massachusetts.

Mr. Davis also exhibited beetle remains from skunk excrement, consist-
ing largely of three species of Carabus, serratus, vinctus and limbatus.

Mr. Engelhardt recalled also finding remains of Cychrus elevatiis in
raccoon excrement.

Mr. Leng exhibited Chilean Coleoptera collected by Eduardo "Varas
Arangua.

Mr. Mutchler exhibited Adelocera vicxicana Cand. collected by Dr. Lutz
in Baboquivari Mts., Arizona, in August, 1916, identified by Dr. 'Van Dyke.

Mr. Comstock spoke of the deleterious effect on mules of mosquito bites,
half the quantity of feed sufficing when they were protected from the insects.

Messrs. Davis and Engelhardt spoke of good results of drainage ditches
and damage thereto by recent high tides.

234 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxvi.

Mr. Woodruff spoke of his recent visits to Washington and Ithaca and
conveyed greetings to the members from Messrs. Schwarz, Barber, Knight,
Forbes, Needham, Kennedy and Funkhouser.

Dr. Bequaert spoke of insects used as food by African natives, mentioning
especially caterpillars and termites as a regular diet, the latter usually sold in
the markets ; he spoke also of the extraordinary clouds of small midgets
(Corethra) observed at Lake Nyassa and also used as food and of the occa-
sional use of grasshoppers and longhorn larvse. The methods of capture and
preservation, mainly by smoking, and of cooking were described and the flavor
extolled. Termites were said to resemble in flavor lobster salad mixed how-
ever with sand if their wings had been imperfectly removed.

Meeting of October i.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8:is P.M., October i, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History,
President L. B. Woodruff in the chair, with eleven members and one visitor
present.

The Librarian reported his completion of the segregation of the signa-
tures that are part of our stock of Journals.

Mr. Watson moved the investment of $200 in Fourth Liberty Loan.
Carried. Mr. Davis and Dr. Bequaert signified their intention of becoming
life members, to partly meet such investment.

Mr. Barber moved to add the bonds purchased under Mr. Watson's motion
to the Permanent Fund. Carried.

Mr. Leng gave an account of a recent visit with Mr. Davis to Washing-
ton and conveyed the compliments to the Society of many of the entomologists
they met there, including Messrs. Schwarz, Barber, Fisher, Mann, Chittenden,
Caudell, Casey, Crawford ; also Popinoe and Wickham, who happened to be
visiting the National Museum at the same time.

In a discussion of the desirability of numbering the species in the new
Check List, invited by Mr. Leng, the affirmative view appeared to prevail.

Mr. Olsen exhibited Bruchiis calvus, which he had found abundant at
Wood's Hole, Mass., and its food plant Cytisus scoparhis, identified by Mr.
Davis. The plant is introduced from Europe and commonly known as broom.
Mr. Engelhardt spoke of a colony of the plant at Richmond Hill, L. I. Mr.
Leng mentioned that Dr. Morgan had also found the Bruchus at Wood's Hole.

(In Kleine's paper on " Die Lariiden und Rhynchophoren und ihre
Nahrungspflanzen " (Ent. Bl., 1910, pp. 4-12) the European B. villosa Fab.
(atra Marsh and cisti Payk.) is said to live on Sarothamnus (Cytisus)
scoparius, and it is therefore possible that our species is identical and an
introduction.)

Mr. Sherman spoke of his visits to Boston, where the hatching of beetles
from the trees in the bear group, prepared by Dr. Johnson and the preserva-

Sept.-Dec, 1918.] PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 235

tion of the spiders with inflated abdomens by Mr. Emerton, still good after
forty years, excited his interest; and to Brunswick where the disposition of
Dr. Packard's library became known to him, part of it being in Bowdoin and
part in Brown University.

In the discussion of his remarks by Messrs. Davis, Olsen and Engelhardt,
Mr. Leng stated that Mr. Schwarz has emphasized the importance of saving
cast skins of Coleopterous larvae, which often showed the mouth parts better
than alcoholic preparations.

Mr. Dow spoke of the wholesale destruction of Cynthia cocoons by the
intense cold of last December. Messrs. Engelhardt, Bell and Woodruff cor-
roborated his statements, Mr. Engelhardt attributing the damage to wet and
cold combined. All agreed that the moth was scarce this season as a result.

Mr. Engelhardt exhibited a living walking stick insect from Setaukct,
L. I., which Mr. Davis said might be Manomera blatchleyi, though in the
absence of the two sexes, identification remained doubtful.

Dr. Bequaert exhibited nest of Bombus separatus and bumble bees there-
from, collected at Orient, L. I., from the inside of a log lying on the beach.
He referred to Putnam's paper in Proc. Essex Inst., Salem, Mass., 1S64,
" On the Habits of some species of Bumble Bees " and to later papers in the
Annals of Ent. Society of America. Many mites were found in the nest but
no other parasites. A specimen of the beetle Mesium gibbuni was found in
the nest later. The habit of the male of an allied Bombus to hover long about
the bushes was also mentioned.

Mr. Bell exhibited collections of grasshoppers, cicads, etc., made during
the summer.

Mr. Watson exhibited for Mr. Bell Hesperidae captured by the hemip-
teron Phymata erosa and read a note on butterfly collecting for the season
of 1 9 18 which will be printed in full.

Mr. Davis read a note on Anacampsis by Dr. Forbes and one on Hapithus
by himself, which will also be printed in full. He also exhibited a number of
photographs of Pluramer's Island, donated by Mr. Clarence Shoemaker to the
Society's album.

Mr. Woodruff spoke of his excursion to the Catskills, where he met
Messrs Shoemaker and Davis and made many captures of northern insects.

Meeting of October 15.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8:15 P.M., on October 15, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History,
President L. B. Woodrufl: in the chair, with seventeen members and one visi-
tor, present.

The Treasurer reported that he had purchased two $100 Liberty Bonds
as instructed, Nos. 527199/200 and added same to the Permanent Fund. He
also reported that Dr. Joseph Bequaert and Wni. T. Davis had qualified as
life members by payment of $50 each.

236 Journal New York Entomological Society. fVoi. xxvi.

The President announced that they had become life members thereby.

Mr. Ernest Neilson, c/o C. E. Olscn, Maspeth, N. Y., was elected an
active member.

Mr. Fred M. Schott, 854 Bushwick Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y., was nominated
for membership by Mr. Burns, seconded by Mr. Dow. On motion by Mr.
Dow, the by-laws were suspended and Mr. Schott was immediately elected an
active member.

Letters were read from A. S. Nicolay, referring to his life at Camp Upton,
and from H. H.Brehme, announcing the loss of his effects by the explosion
at Morgan, N. J.

A note from Dr. Felt, referring to the introduction of a European
weevil, was referred to the Publication Committee.

Mr. Leng read a paper on " The New Check List of Coleoptera," exhibit-
ing the manuscript and explaining the methods of compilation. He also re-
viewed the alterations in the Leconte classification that have been proposed
and distributed copies of the sequence of families that seemed desirable in
accordance with such of those alterations as appeared to be well founded.

Mr. Notman exhibited a large box of beetles found at Moores', Clinton
Co., N. Y., 280 ft. elevation, and close to the Canadian border, saying that the
boreal element appeared to be less in evidence there than in the Adirondack's. "

Mr. Hall exhibited butterflies from Sussex Co., N. J., found on May 26,
commenting upon the great numbers seen in that early part of the season.
One was new to the New Jersey list, viz. : Amblyscirtes sainoset Scudd.

Mr. Barber exhibited a box of ground ginger from his home, in which a
large number of the drug store beetle, Sitodrepa panicea, had developed. He
also spoke of his collecting experiences in Virginia during August when the
hot, dry season proved unfavorable.

Mr. Davis exhibited a portrait of our former president, Mr. C. F. Groth,
in "The Guide to Nature" for August, 1918, with an account of the last
meeting of the Agassiz chapter in which Mr. Groth was interested. He re-
called the meetings held about 1902 in the cellar of Mr. Miller's house, 141 E.
40th St., where Mr. Groth then lived.

Mr. Davis also called attention to the humorous entomological references
in a pamphlet called the " War Garden Guyed."

Mh Schott exhibited insects found at Rockaway Beach, October 12, in-
cluding Solubea pugnax and other Pentatomids and Lebia bivittata.

Mr. Leng exhibited Bull. No. 14 of the Canadian Dept. of Agr., contain-
ing Dr. Swaine's " Canadian Bark Beetles " with a complete classification,
account of habits and abundant illuslrations of unusual merit, the latter being
by Mr. A. E. Kellett.

Meeting of November 5.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8:15 P.M., on November 5, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History,
Mr. E. L. Dickerson in the chair, with ten members present.

Sept.-Dec, 1918.] PROCEEDINGS OF THE SoCIETY. 237

Mr. Leng submitted a paper from Dr. David Sharp on " Studies in
Rhynchophora, VI, The New York Weevil," which was referred to the Pub-
lication Committee.

Mr. Notman exhibited 1,336 specimens of Coleoptcra, representing 163
species, collected by himself August 22-30 at Cochrane, Ontario, a new set-
tlement and railroad station in the Timiskaming district, 911 ft. elevation,
and about 70 miles from Hudson Bay. The region had once been swampy
and heavily forested with balsam, larch and poplar (or birch on the sandy
ridges) but has been badly burned by the settlers. Large patches of the
original forest remain on either side of the road a half mile south of the
station ; and there are five small ponds nearby, so surrounded by swamps as
to be difficult of access. One very small pond yielded many waterbeetles and,
along its edges, also many Carabidje and Staphylinida:. North of the station
for three or four miles there was nothing but burned forest and settlers'
fields. Tiger beetles in four species were abundant on the roads and a patch
of decaying toadstools was very productive, but the sweeping was poor and
the beating, on account of dense swamps, almost impossible. The general
result, although the vegetation was distinctly more northern than that of the
Adirondacks, particularly in the absence of a varied deciduous forest was a
collection duplicating in great part, that made by Mr. Notman during several
recent years near Keene Valley, N. Y. Perhaps 10 per cent, of the species
were different, six seemed to be undescribed and five, viz. : Hydroporus
acutanguhis Thoms. (very near glabriusculus Aube), Colpodota aterrima Grav.,
Atheta euryptera Steph. (previously reported from Pennsylvania and Cali-
fornia), Atheta nigritula Grav. (previously reported from Long Island, Penn-
sylvania, West Virginia and California), Olophrum consimilis Gyll., appeared
to be identical with European species, and except as reported by Bernhauer
(D. E. Z., 1906, p. 348, and 1907, p. 392) additions to our fauna. The entire
collection, comprising many very small species, was exquisitely mounted and
carefully identified and was greatly admired by the members.

Mr. Harris exhibited Cicindelae collected in the White Mts., N. H., in-
cluding the following species, viz. : C. duodecitnguttata, common on roads ;
C. repanda, common on sandy patches ; C. se.vgitftata, rare on mountain
patches; C. purpurea^ not common on northern slopes but more so on south-
ern ; C. generosa, not common on gravel bank at Conway in June. A speci-
men taken at Guildhall, Vermont, was also shown as illustrating perhaps the
most northern locality for this species. C. punctulata, sparingly found late in
August. C. longilabris, often found with ancocisconensis ; less heavily marked
than Canadian specimens. C. tranquebarica, not as black as New Jersey
specimens, but less brilliant than var. horiconensis. C. limbalis, not actually
collected in New Hampshire, but known from Quebec and Vermont. C.
patruela, not actually collected in New Hampshire, but known from Burling-
ton, Vt. C. ancocisconensis, described from Conway in 1852 by T. W. Harris.

In reference to the last, Mr. Harris said he had taken special pains to

238 Journal New Ycrk Entomological Society. [VoL xxvi.

ascertain its range and could now state positively that it occurred on the
watershed of the three rivers draining the White Mts., viz.: the Saco, Andros-
coggin and Connecticut. The type locality was on a tributary of the first and
he had found it also on the Ellis River, another tributary. Two years ago
he had found it on the Israel River, a tributary of the Connecticut ; and this
year he had found it on the Peabody River, a tributary of the Androscoggin,
between Gorham and Pinkham Notch, also east of Gorham on the Andros-
coggin itself. Sandy stretches by the river bank are its favorite haunt, but
it is occasionally found on the automobile roads.

Mr. Harris said his collecting was between 1,300 and 2,000 ft. elevation,
but some species, sexguttata especially, would doubtless occur at greater ele-
vations. Mr. Sherman said he had found one longilabris at Lake of the
Clouds, and Messrs. Davis and Shoemaker said that on Whitefast Mt. it
occurred all the way to the summit. In reference to the scarcity of punctulata,
Mr. Notman said it was abundant at the lower elevations, as at Crown
Point, N. Y.

Mr. Harris closed by speaking of the good prospects for tiger beetles
along the Connecticut River.

Mr. Davis exhibited some interesting Staten Island Lepidoptera, including
Papilio turnus and glaucus with two intermediate specimens, one caught by
Mr. Burns, August 18, at Fort Wadsworth, the other by himself, August 16,
at Watchogue, and a very small specimen caught May 13, some years ago,
by Mr. Leng. He also exhibited a series of Epimecis virginaria including
examples, male and female, of the dark form carbonaria.

Mr. Mutchler exhibited volumes 20-26 of Marseul's " L'Abeille," calling
attention to the valuable bibliographies it contained, covering the work of 7a
of the older authors in even more complete detail than Hagen.

Mr. Shoemaker exhibited the dark form of Phyciodes pharos, caught in
the Catskill Mts.

Mr. Schott mentioned the capture of Carabus sylvosus, October 12, in a
potato lot at Half Way Hollow Hills, Long Island.

Mr. Sherman exhibited the first page of the new Check List just received
from the printers as a sample of type, etc.

Meeting of November 19.

A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held at
8:15 P. M., November 19, 1918, in the American Museum of Natural History,
President L. B. Woodruff in the chair, with sixteen members and one visitor
present.

Mr. L. R. Reynolds, of Brockton, Mass., and Sergeant Wm. B. Richard-
son, of Richmond, Va., were proposed for active membership by Messrs.
Davis and Sherman.

Sept.-Dec, 1918.] PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 239

A letter from Col. Thos. L. Casey, mentioning the forwarding of 25
copies of Memoirs VIII to the members interested in Coleoptera, was read.

A letter from Lieut. James P. Chapin was read by Mr. Davis conveying
greetings from France.

Mr. Howard Notman presented a $100 Liberty Bond to the Permanent
Fund of the Society.

On motion by Mr. Davis, seconded by Dr. Lutz, Mr. Notman was elected
a life member and thanked for his gift.

Mr. Wm. T. Davis gave a short account of his visit to Wading River,
Long Island, N. Y., in June, 19 17, and exhibited five boxes of insects and
some photographs. He stated than Cicindela 6-guttata was the tiger beetle of
our fauna most likely to be found on wayside shrubs, etc., and exhibited a
specimen that he had taken on the trunk of a tree about three feet from the
ground. He said that a good many caterpillars were killed at night by
spiders, and with the aid of an acetylene lantern he had discovered a Pyrus
bush, the terminal twigs of which were covered with aphids and attractive to
many moths and roaches as a consequence. This matter and the observa-
tion on the dragonflies collected, will be printed in Miscellaneous Notes. He
further stated that he had enjoyed some cooked eggs of a bonefoot crab,
which was his first experience in eating anything belonging to that ancient
type of animal.

Mr. Davis also showed photographs of a remarkable nest of Vespa macu-
lata with elongate neck.

Mr. Davis also spoke with regret on the recent death of Mr. Daecke.

Mr. Dickerson read a paper on " Rliccboscelis tenuis on Hibiscus " illus-
trated by specimens of the beetle, its larva, the workings in the stems of the
plant and on the leaves. The larva of this species, previously unknown, dif-
fers from other Buprestid larvae and will be described in Weiss & Dickerson's
paper when printed.

Messrs. Davis, Shoemaker and Leng joined in the discussion as to the
distribution and varieties of the food plant and the beetle, which has been
usually found by sweeping in the damp meadows where rose mallow grows.

Mr. Schaelifer spoke of the genus Mastogenius, pointing out that its type
was a South American species with which our species may not be congeneric,
in which case Leconte's generic name Haplostethus should be substituted.
The species reticulaticollis, possessing antennal grooves on the prosternum,
in any case seems generically distinct. Mr. Schaeffer exhibited all the United
States species except impressipennis Fall, and said that his material would re-
quire the description of a new species from Arizona.

Mr. Olsen exhibited a long series of Draculacephala noveboracensis Fitch
and manitobiance Ball taken by Mr. Notman in his recent journey to Cochrane,
Ont. He said it was interesting to note that the introduced species from
Quebec was not included.

240 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'o'- xxvi.

Mr. Weiss exhibited and donated to the members specimens of Zeugophora
scutellaris, a beetle he had found locally common at Arlington, N. J., on
poplar in June. His exhibit included the larva in alcohol.

Mr. Sherman exhibited two copies of Thomas Say's " Description of
North American Insects " originally printed in a New Harmony newspaper
and then bound in book form between 1830 and 1834. One copy contained
73 pages the other 65 pages and both were of unusual interest from the evi-
dence in handwriting of their having passed through the hands of Scudder
and Leconte.

Index to Names of Insects and
Plants in Volume XXVI.

Generic names begin with a capital, specific names with a small letter.
New genera, subgenera, species, subspecies, varieties and nomina nova are
printed in italics.

Abies balsaniea, 90, 97

grandis, 92
Acanthinus spinicollis, 209

trifasciatus, 209
Acmaeodera cubsecola, 229

pulcherrima, 229
Acolpus, 205
Acompus rufipes, 54
Achalarus lycidas, 6
Acritus atomus, 205
Acropteroxys divisa, 211, 212

gracilis, 212

t ex ana, 212

thoracina, 21 1, 212
Adelocera mexicana, 233
Adetus, 207

yEgiale yuccae coloradensis, 124
Agabus semivittatus, 203
Agelasa halensis, 208
Agelastica alni, 208

coerulea, 208
Aglais antiopa, 5

j-album, 5
Agra, 1 8
Agriotes, 162
Agromyza gibsoni, 36

longipennis, 36

virens, 36
Airora, 191

cylindrica, 32

niinuta, 194
Alabama, 224
Alaus oculatus, 32
Alepidia gracilis, 43
Alypia octomaculata, 232
Amara arenaria, 119

impuncticollis, 31

longula, 119

pallipes, 119

polita, 119

Amblycheila baroni, 116
longipes, 116
enodis, 116

cylindriformis, 116
piccolomini, 116

schwarzi, 116
Amblyscirtes samoset, 236
Anacampsis innocuella, iii, 125,

pipulella. III, 112
Ansedus, 209
Anaglyptus compressicornis, 207

gazellulus, 207

gibbulus, 207
Anax longipes, 226
Anchatus horni, 206

sericans, 206

scriceus, 206
Anchocelis digitalis, 136
Ancyloxypha numitor, 6
Anepischetos, 224
Anglyptus mysticus, 8
Anochetes emarginatus, 24
Anomala orientalis, 113
Anomis, 224

Anophthalmus tellkampfi, 181
Anthicus currax, 209

heroicus, 209
Anthocaris orientalis, 121
Anthophilax, 118
Aplianus illuiiiinatus. 61

umbrosus. 61
Aphodius cockerelli, 207

niger, 207
Apion albidulum, 219

attenuatum, 219

briinnicornis, 221

disparatum, 223

excentricum. 220, 221

elutipes, 222

erigoni, 221, 22^

228

241

242

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

Apion filum, 222

fronteUum, 221

haplopus, 223

liibisci, 219

modestum, 220

nunnenmacheri, 223

pcrlentum, 222

procHve, 223

propinguicorne, 220

subornatum, 222

varicorne, 221

ventricosuni, 221, 223
Apocremonus ancorifer, 43

sp., 43
Arctophila flagrans, 230
Argia putrida, 124
Argynnis, 121

aphrodite aphrodite, 5

aphrodite 5

cybele, 5

idalia, 5

nokomis, 230
Arthromacra robinsoni, 231
Asaphidion, 203
Athous, 162
Atrytonopsis verna, 6
Attains submarginatus, 206
Attahtsinus, 206
Aulacigaster leucopeza, 37
Aulonium parallelopipedium, 31
Azteca trigona, 26

Brachypalpus rileyi, 230
Bactridium ephippigerum, 32
Basilarchia astyonax, 5

archippus, 5

Ursula

albofascinata, 48
Belus, 216
Bembidium blaisdelli, 202

caseyi, 202

concinnum, 202

nitidum, 119

oblongulum, 119

perconcinnum, 202

pugetanum, 202

scopulinum, 119
Beosus modestus, 59
Berginus, 206
Bledius dissimilis, 204

fratellus, 204

philadelphicus, 204

transitus, 204
Bleptina, 224
Bombus morrisoni, 230

Borborus equinus, ■ '

neglectus, 40
Bombolocha, 224
Boreaphilus, 182,

americanns, i

carinthiacus,

henningianus,

japonicus, i8g

levisianus, i8c

nordenskioeldi, 189

velox, 189
Bostrychus bicornis, 33

fasciculatus, 206
Bothrideres geminatus, 31
Bradytus, 202

septentrionalis, 202
Brathlnus, 203
Brenthis bellona, 5
Brephos infans, 230
Brontes dubius, 32
Bruchus atra, 234

calvus, 234

cisti, 234

villosa, 234
Buprestis acomana, 91, 105

adducta, 91, 105

adjecta, 80, 81, 84, 105

adonea, 92, 105

adulans, 83, 105

asnula, 82, 105

affinis, 83, 105

arigustata, 103, 106

apricans, 77. 80, 81, 83, 88. 105

bertheloti, 77

bifasciata, 76

biguttata, 76

bistrinota, 103, io6

bosci, 88, 105

boulderensis. 97, 106

bievis, 84, 105

callida, 104. 106

caliginosa, 71, 105

canadensis. 87, 105

chrysostigma, 76

confluens, 98, 106

confluenta, 82, 98, 106

conicicauda, 97, 106

contorta, 97, 106

conneta, 82, 106, 108

crenata, 104, 106

cribripennis, 88, 105

decora, 80, 81, 88, 105, 106

deficens, 93, 94, 106

depressa, 104, 106

diruptans, 97, 106

elongata, 99, 100, 106

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

243

Buprestis fabrilosa. S2

fasciata, 82, 102, 106

langi, 82, 103, 106
fastidiosa, 104, 106
flavomaculata, 76
flavopicta, 97, 106
florissantensis, 77, 106
fortunata, 102, 106
fulgens, 102, 106
fusca, 91, 105
fusiformis, 93, 94, 106
gibbsi, 82, 10 1, 106
graminea, 104, 106
gravidula, 97, 106
histrix, 92, 105
incolumis, 104, 106
inconstans, 93, 94, 106
intricata, 84, 105
Ijeviventris, 81, 89, 106
lateralis, 85, 105
lauta, 82, 84, 105, 118, 120
lecontei, 90, 105
leporina, 93, 94. 106
leviceps, 104, 106
Iherminieri, 102, 106
lineata, 81, 94, 96, 106, 109

davisi, 81, 95, 106, 109
lyrata, 91, 105
maculipennis, 81, 93, 105, i(
maculiventris, 81, 90, 105

rusticorum, 81, 90, 105
subornata, 81, 92, 105
mediocris, 104, 106
micans, 76
morosa, 91. 105
nigricans, 91, 105
nigricornis, 88, 105
novem-maculata, 76
nupta, 82, 105
niittalli, 82, 96, 97, 106

alternans, 82, 97, 105

consularis, 82, 97, 105
obliqua, 104, 106
obscura, 85
octoguttata, 76
oregona, 104, to6
ornata, 103, 106
paganorum, 91, 105
patruelis, 104, 106
prospera, 83, 105
pruni, 76

pugetana, 98, 99, 106
punctiventris, 92, 105
radians, 82, 105
reducta, 93, 94, 106
rubronotatus, 92, 105

Buprestis rufipt-s, i2, 82, 99, 106
salisburyensis, 80, 81, 89, 105
saturata, 102, 106
saxigena, 76, 106
scudderi, 77, 106
scripta, 93, 94 106
seditiosa, 104, 106
senecta, 77
sepulta, 76, 106
sexmaculata, 102, 106
sexnotata, 90, 105
sexplagiata, 102, 103, 106
striata, 80, 81, 85, 86, 105

impedita, 81, 87
sublivida, 91, 105
sulcicollis, 80, 81, 83, 105
tacomse, 82, 105
tarda, 76
tertiaria, 76, 106
tesselata, 98, 99, 106
torva, 77, 106
ultramarina, 89, 105
villosa, 82, 105
violescens, 72, 105
virens, 99, 100, 106
viridimicans, 104, 106
viridula, 107
viridisutnralis. 82, 100, 106, 108

Caberodes confusaria, 227
Cccnopamera, 45

forreri, 45
Calandra, 210
Calathus advena, 119
Calendra, 210
Calobata lasciva, 34
Calytis, 200

Camponotus abdominalis
ustulatus, 26

americanus, 126

auricomus, 27

beebei, 27

bidens, 28

crassus

vessenyi, 27

fastigiatus, 27

femoratus, 27

latangulus, 28

pittieri, 27

rectangularis, 28

sexmaculatus, 28
Caniptobrochis grandis, 44
Camptoneura picta, 35
Camptoprosopella vulgaris, 36
Camptylochila, 224
Campylomma verbasci, 43

244

IxDEx TO Names of Insects and Plants.

Capis, 224

Carabus sylvosus, 238

Carpilis ferruginea, 46

puberula, 46
Carpophilus humeralis, 205
Cassida bivittata, 208
Catia otho egeremet, 6
Catogenus rufus, 32
Catorama tabaci, 206
Campolicana yarrowi, 126
Celithemis monomelana, 226
Centaurea, 126
Ceratobarys eulophys, 39
Ceratocapsus modestus, 43
Cerceris bupresticida, ■/(>
Cercyonis alope, 5
Cerylon eastaneum, 31

sp., 31
Chaetopsis fulvifrons, 35
Chalcoides, 208
Chalcophora campestris, 32
Chevieria, 183
Chlamydatus associatus, 43
Chlamys nodulosus, 208
Choragus nitens, 33
Chromagria conditum, 124
Chrosopisca assimilis, 39

glabra, 39
Chrysobothris sexfasciata. 212
Chrysochlamys buccata, 2^2
Chrysomyza senea, 35
Chrysotoxum ventricosum, 230
Chymomyza amoena, 38

procnemis, 38
Chytolita, 224
Cicada, 142

auletes, 121

calliope, 154

hieroglyphica, 121, 152
johannis, 152

lyricen, 121

parvula, 154

pruinosa, 121

resonans, 142

viridifascia, 142
Cicindela abdominalis, 48

arizonse, 116, 236

asperata, 140

borealis, 140

Carolina, 140

Cartagena hentzi, 139
hentsiana, 139

chihuahuae, 230

chilensis, no

cimarronae, 230

criddlei, 140

Cicindela cuDrascens, 140

dec

duo

gen

gornv'.'. . -.

kirbyi, i •

lantzi, 14'

levettfii. / \'C^

limljalis, i|f

longiiahrid, 230

novaterrcr, 140

media, 140

mirabilis, 140

oregona, 230

patruela, 140

praetextata, 230

purpurea andoboni, 139
nigerrima, 139
graminea, 139

scutellaris,

lecontei, 138
modesta, 138, 139
obscura, 139
rugifrons, 125, 138

sexguttata. 140, 141

sierra, 140

snowi, 140

spreta, 139

striga, 116

tranquebarica, 125

horiconensis, 141

tenuisignata, 230

trifasciata ascendens, 139
tortuosa, 139
peruviana, no

woodgatei, 140
Cimatlan venatorium. 44
Cimex vicarius, 231
Cirphis unipuncta, i
Cis bicolor, 207

dunedinensis, 207

duryi, 207

pusillus, 207
Cissia eurytus, 5
Cistela, 209
Cloetus aphodioides, 33

globosus. 33
Clidophleps distanti, 118
Cligenes delineata. 59
Clinidium sculptile, 31
Cocceius pylades, 6
Coluocera maderae, 205
Colydium lineola, 31
Cotiistockia, 179

stibterranea, 182
Conotrachelus serpentinus, 157

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

245

Coptodera aerata, 31, 231
Corphyra, 162
Corticotomus, 191

caviceps, 192

cylindricus, 192
texanus, 193

depressus, 192

Iseviventris, 192
Coryphium, 183

angusticollis, 183
Cossonus concinnus, 33
Cremastochilus, no

canaliculatus, in

castanese, in

variolosus, 11 1
Crematogaster abstinens, 26

limata ludio, 24

parabiotica, 24

oniatipilis, 25
Crepidodera helxines, 20S
Criocoris canadensis, 43
Criorhina humeralis, 230
Cryobius, 123, 201

mandibularis, 120
Cryphalus abietis, 211

dispar, 211
Cryphula, 62

abortiva, 63

apicatus, 63

parallelogramma, 63
Cryptocerus atratus, 26

maculatus, 26

minutus, 26

oculatus, 26

pusillus, 26

spinosLis, 26
Cryptoglossa verrucosa, 124
Cryptohypnus lecontei, 205

planatus, 205
Crypturgus pusillus, 210
Cychrus canadensis, 118

viduus, 118
Cylapus tenuicornis, 44
Cylidrella, 190

championi, 192
Cyrtophorus gazellula, 8

Daimiotipula, 67
Danaus archippus, 4
Deraeocoris ruber, 44
Dercetis. 224
Desmia luneralis, 22'j
Diaphnidia pellucida, 44
Diaphorus, 203
Diastata pulchra, 37
Dichelonycha, 207

Dichelonyx, 207

linearis, 207
Dicyphus agilis, 44

fanielicus, 44
Dieunomia marginipennis, 126
Diplotaxa microcera, 39

versicolor, 39
Discodon, 161
Ditemnus, 161
Ditoma quadricollis, 31
Dolichoderes atellaboides, 26

bidens, 26

imbecillis, 26
Dorocordulia lepida, 226

libera, 226
Drosophila affinis, 38

alabamensis, 38

buskii, 38

dimidiata, 38

funebris, 38

guttifera, 38

melanica, 38

melanissima, 38

melanogaster, 38

modesta, 38

obesa, 38

putrida, 38

quadrata, 38

repleta, 38

robusta, 38

sigmoides, 38

thoracis, 38

transversis, 38

tripunctata, 38
Dyspyralis, 225

Eccoptogaster, 210
Ectatomma tuberculatum, 24
Ectomenogonus hepaticus, 206

melslieimeri, 206
Elachiptera costata, 39
Elater discoideus, 206

sellatus, 206
Elaphrus caseyi, 203

clairvillei, 203

politus, 203
Elliponeura debilis, 39
Emphor bombifrons, 126

fuscojubartus, 126
Enallagma antennatum, 125

carunculatum, 125

ebrium, 124

exulans, 124

hageni, 124

irene, 124

niinusculum, 226

246

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

Enallagma piscinarum, 115, 124

recurv-atuni, 115
Enhalisidota longa, 136
Enodia portlandica, 4
Ensina picciola, 36
Epargj-reus tityrus, 6
Ephelinus, 183, 184

guttatum, 184, 185

notatum, 184, 185

pallidum, 184
Epierus regularis, 32
Epizeuxis, 224
Eremocoris, 64, 65
Eriocera, 67
Eritettix carinatus, 125
Esuris castanea. 51

fulgidtis, 51

tergina, 51
Euaresta bella, 36
Eubrianax, 205
Eucalyptra, 225
Euchroma gigantea, 76
Eudectus, 183
Eudociminus, 209
Eudocimus, 210
Euphoria inda, no, 232
Euphydryas phaeton, 5
Euphyes conspicua pontiac, 7

metacomet, 6

vestris, 6
Europiella rubida, 43
Eurychilopterella luridula, 44
Eurymus philodice, 4, 228
Eustrotia carneola, 227
Eutonia, 67

satsuma, 6y
Euxesta notata, 35
Everes comyntas comyntas, 6
Exema gibber, 208

Feniseca tarquinius, 7
Fidicina figurata, 142

olympusa, 142
Formica exsectoides, no, 232
Formotipula, 67
Fulvius brunneus, 44

Gaberasa, 224
Gabra, 225
Gagamba, 6y

takei, 67
Galerita caseyi, 203

thoracica, 203
Gigantiops destructor, 26
Globicera, 6y
Gnathocerus dentiger, 208

Gomphoides obscura. 226
Gomphus lividus, 2.

sordidus, 226
Gonodera, 209
Gonotropis gibbosus
Graphiphora oviduc
Graphops bicolor, 2

simplex, 208
Gryllotalpa gryllotal
Grynocharis oregori'

Hadronema militaris, 43
Haltica, 208

rufa, 214

scutellaris, 214
Halticus citri, 43

intermedius, 43
Hapithus agitator, 227
Harpalus laticeps, 119

spadiceus, 119
Hebrus, 13

concinnus, 17
Helianthus annuus, 126
Heliophila multilinea, 227
Heliophytum indicum, 208
Helomyza quinquepunctata, 40
Helophilus bilinearis, 232
Helops micans, 33
Hemisia morsei, 126

rhodopus, 126
Heodes hypophlseas hypophloeas, 6
Hermjeophaga, 208
Herminia, 224
Hetffirius blanchardi, 205

carinistriatus, 205

helense, 205
Heterocordylus malinus, 44
Heterogramma, 224
Hibiscus moscheutos, 218
Hippelates flavipes pusio, 39

subvittatus, 39

texanus, 39
Hippodamia, 204
Hister lecontei, 32

vernus, 32
Holeaspis centricola, 48
Homopyralis, 225
Hormisa, 224

Hormops abducens, 157, 209
Hyaliodes vitripennis, 44
Hy^mia, 224

Hylurgops glabratus, 211
Hypena, 225
Hypenopsis, 225
Hypenula, 224
Hypherpes, 201

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

247

Hypsonothrus, 184
Hypsoropha, 224

uus nigellus, 26

s, 125

Kolonetnis, 49

Ladona exusta deplanata, 226
Laemophlceus biguttatus, 32

punctatus, 32
Lamprocanthia crassicornia, 15, 17, 18
Languria apicalis, 211

convexicollis, 211

denticnlata. 211

interstitialis, 211
Lanthus albistylus, 114
Largidea davisi, 44
Lascoria, 224
Lauxania latipennis, 36

trivittata, 36
Lebia bivittata, 226
Leichenuna variegatum, 209
Leperisinus fraxini, 211
Leptinotarsa decemlineata, 207

tortuosa, 207

violascens, 207
Leptocera ferrugata, 40
Lestes disjunctus, 124

eurinus, 226

uncatus, 124

unguiculatus, 124
Leucophenga maculosa quadrimacu-
lata, 38

varia, 38
Leuccrhinia frigida, 226

hudsonica, 125
Libellula auripennis, 226

basalis, 226

flavida, 226

luctuosa, 226

semifasciata, 226
Libythea bachmani, 48
Lichenophanes penicillatus, 206

verrucosus, 206
Ligyrocoris, 46

pseudoherseus, 45
Limnophila, 67

satsuma, 67
Limonius, 162
Liophlosus tesselatus, 225

Litargus sex-punctatus, 32
Lobops hesperius, 43
Lomanaltes, 224
Longitarsus heliophyti, 208

subcinctus, 208

varicornis, 208
Lophocateres, 200

americanus, 201
Lopidea robiniae, 43
Loxandrus erraticus, 202

laticollis, 202

lucidulus, 202

rectus, 202
Ludius attenuatus, 231

candesei, 205

elegans, 205
Lycaenopsis pseudargiolus pseudar-

giolus neglecta, 6
Lygus vanduzeei, 44
Lyperopherus, 201

Macrotylus, 42

sexguttatus, 43
Malacosoma, 208
Malesonotus, 54

angustatus, 55, 56

rufipes, 55, 56

fiicasus, 56

solalicius, 55
Mamestra detracta, 22J

grandis, 227

renigera, 22y

subjuncta, 22y
Manomera blatchleyi, 235
Mantis religiosa, 125
Mantispa brunnea, 232

floridana, 22,2

interrupta, 2t,2

sayi, 232

viridis, 232
Mastogenius impressipennis, 214

pitncticoUis. 213, 214

reticulaticollis, 213, 214

robustus, 214

subcyaneus, 214
Mecomma gilvipes, 44
Megacanthopus flavitarsis, 126
Megalops, 204
Megalopsidia, 204
Melanyssalta, 143

calliope, 154
Melanomma, 224
Melanochasta longula, 39

nigricornis, 39
Melanotus blatchleyi, 205

longicornis, 205

248

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

Meloe, 120
Menopsimus, 224
Metachroma, 203
Metalectra, 225
Metastelma scoparia, 156
Metriona, 208
Microclytus, 8

compressicollis, 9, 10

frosti, 9, 10

gazellulus, 8, 9, 10, 121

gibbvilus, 9, 10, 121

insinuans, 9

niger, 9
Microdon baliopterus, 230
Microphylellus modestus, 43
Microsyamma bohemani, 43
Microtoma atrata, 61

carbonaria, 61
Minettia valida, 36
Miscodera arctica, 119, 120

hardyi, 120

insignis, 120
Mitoura damon damon, 7
Monachulus, 208
Monachus, 20S
Monalocoris filicis, 44
Monocrepidius cascyi, 206

finitimus, 206
Monoedus guttatus, 156
Mosillus teneus, 39
Mumetopia occipitalis, 37
Mutilla occidentalis, 115
Mycetophagus flexuosus, 32

punctatus, 32
Mycetoporus horni, 204

tenuis, 204
Mycodrosophila dimidiata, 38
Alycterophora, 224
Myiolepta nigra, 2^2
Myocoryna behrensi, 207

dahlbomi, 207

haldemanni, 207

lineolata, 207

rubiginosa, 207

violascens, 207

Nacophora quernarius, 125
Nannothemis bella, 125
Neaspilota achilles, 36
Nebria sahlbergi, 119
Nehallennia irene, 124
Nemobius, 225
Nemosoma, 190

attenuatum, 192

fissiceps, 192

Nemosoma punctatuni, 192

schwarzi, 191
Neoclytus jouteli, 231
Neoponera conimutata, 24

carinulata, 24

unidentata, 24

villosa inversa, 24
Niphetodes, 183

deubeli, 184

eppelsheimi, 184
Nippotipula, 67

nubifera, 67
Noctua plecta, 227
Nodaria, 224
Nomebius, 225
Nomius pygmseus, 119
Nyctobates barbata, 33

Ochthera mantis, 39

tuberculata, 39
Octinodes, 205

capillatus, 205
CEdaspis atra, 36
CEdionychis liturata, 207
Ogdoconta cinereola, 227
Okanagana, 143

schaefferi, 24

vanduzei californica, 118
consobrina, 118

viridis, 153, 155
Omophron, 203
Onchumenus decolor, 43
Oncotylus, 42
Ora, 207

Orchestes scutellaris, 209
Oropeza satsuma, 6j
Orthjea, 46

Orthocephalus mutabilis, 43
Orthodes crenulata, 227

cynica, 22J
Orthofidonia vestaliata, 227
Orthotylus catulus, 43

dorsalis, 43

flavosparsus. 43
Oscinella coxendix, 40

frit pusilla, 40
Octoma, 200

grossa, 200

oblonga, 200

orcgonensis, 200

quadrilineata, 200
Ostomodes, 200
Otiorhynchus sulcatus, 225
Ozophora ampliains, 52

unicolor. 52, 53

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

249

Pachybrachys hector, 207

polyxenes asterias, 4
thoas, 48
troilus troilus, 4
turnus, 2j,2
Parafilumis, 191
Paralimna appendiculata, 39
Paratenetus, 209
Parcoblatta fulvescens, 227
uhleriana, 227
virginica, 227
Paria canella, 20S
Parnassius, 121
Paromalus bistriatus. 32
Parora, 225

Parthenicus vaccini, 43
Parydra quadrituberculata, 39
Patrobus septentrionis, 119
Pechypogon, 224
Pedicia, dy

Pediculus vestimenti, 127
Pedilus, 162
Penthelispa reflexa, 31
Perigenes, 51

costalis, 45
Peritrechus saskatchevanens\s, 60
Peronyma sarcinata, 35
Persea borbonia, 157
Petissius assimilandus. 62

diversus, 62
Phalasnophana, 224
Phalsenostola, 224
Pheidole sp., 24
Philometra, 224
Phoberia atomaris, 22-j
Pholeomyia leucogastra dispar, 36

pseudodecora, 36
Phortica hirtifrons, 37
Phyciodes nycteis nycteis, 5

tharos tharos, 5
Phyllomyza approximata, 36
Phytocoris lasiomerus, 44
Phytometra, 224
Pieris rapae, 4
Piezocorynus dispar, 11
moestus, 12
virgxnicus, 11

Pilophorus amsenus, 43
Piophila casci, 35
Pithanus maerkeH, 44
Plagiognathus annulatus, 43

fuscosus, 43
Plastocerus angulosus, 205

schaumi, 205
Plathemis lydia, 125
Plathypena, 224
Platynus cincticollis. 203
deceptivus, 119
deplanatus, 203
falliana, 203
myrmecodes, 181
quadrimaculatus, 119
Platypus cylindricus, 210
Platytylellus insitiva, 44
Pleonectyptera, 224
Plusia mappa, 136
vaccini, 136
viridisigma, 136
Plusiodonta, 224
Poanes hobomok, 6

Pocahontas, 7
Polemius, 161
Poliestes flavus, 230

navajoe, 126
Polites manataaqua, 6
mystic mystic, 6
peckius, 6
Polygonia comma dryas, 5

interrogationis umbrosa, 5
progne, 5
Pomphopoea femoralis, 209

polita, 209
Populus deltoides, 99

fremontii wislezeni, 1 1 1
glandidentata, iii
tremuloides, 99
Porthetria dispar, i
Pratseus, 209
Priobium, 206
Proarna championi, 114

insignis, 114
Prochyliza xanthostoma, 35
Prometopia sex-maculata, 32
Prothera puberula, 123
Prothymia, 224

semipurpurea, 227
Protocalliphora azurea, 22,2

sordida, 232
Protoxaea gloriosa, 126
Psephenus, 205
Pseudaptinus, 203
Pseudocistela, 209
Pseudoglossa, 224

250

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

Pseudomyrma dccipiens, 24

dolichopsis, 24

elongata, 24

gracilis, 24

gracilis van, 24

laevigata, 24

rufa, 24
Pseudapamera aurivilliana, 44

forreri, 44, 45
Pseudophortica obesa, 37
Pseudorgyia, 225
Pseudotephritis vau, 35
Pseudotsuga taxifolia, 92
Pseudotenetus scutellatus, 43
Pterostichus, 201

agonus, 201

caligans, 229

fatuus, 119

hudsonicus, 119

mandibularis, 119

punctatissimus, 119, 201
Ptochiomera, 50

ferruginea, 46
Pycnoderes dilatatus, 44
Pygnochila fallaciosa, no
Pyrota lineata, 231

Rejectaria, 224
Renia, 224

Reuteria irrorata, 44
Reuteroscopus ornatus, 43
Rhinocapsus vanduzei, 43
Rhodites gracilis, 48
Rhopalopleurus pumilus, 210
Rivellia variabilis, 35
Rivula, 224
Ryncoessa albula, 37
Rhynchagrotis rufipectus, 227
Rhynchophorus cruentatus, 226

palmarum, 225
Rhyparochromiis angerstatus, 54

chiragra, 54, 55

plenus, 50

coldalicius, 54, 55

Sabulodes lorata, 227

Sacium lunatum, 31

Salda anthracina, 15, 16, 17, 18

Salia, 224

Sarcophaga niagarana, 28

Satyrodes cantus cantus, 5

Satyrus wheeleri, 230

Scaphinotus andrewsi, 39

graminum, 39
Sciagraphia heliothidata, 227

Sciomyza nana, 40

pubera, 40
Scolecocampa, 224
Scolia manilae, 113
Scoliopteryx, 224
Scolopstethus atlanticiis, 66

pacificus, 65
Scolytus, 210

quadrispinosus, 233
Selenophorus excisus, 203

mustus, 203
Semium hirtum, 43
Sepsis pectoralis, 34

violacea, 34
similis, 34
Seriophares noctuans, 43
Sicinus guatemalensis, 208
Silis, 161

abdominalis, 165, 176

atra, 164, 168

arizonica, 165, 174

bidentata, 166, 178

cava, 164, 1 68

curtus, 169

deserficola. 165, 173, 175

difficilis, 164, 167, 174
carbo, 164, 168
flavida, 164, 167

dilacerata, 177

fenestrata, 165, 175

filicornis, 165, 172

fossiger, 166, 176, 177

latiloba, 166, 178

lepida, 178

longicornis, 169

lutea, 165, 172

munita, 166

nigerrima, 165, 175, 177

obtusa, 166, 178

pallida, 164, i6g, 170
maritima, 169, 170

percomis, 164, 169, 170

perforata, 165, 176

ritgosa, 164, 168, 173

spinigera, 163, 166, 167, 174
munita, 164

spatulata, 165, 170, 173

tricornis, 166, 177

vulnerata, 164, 169, 171, 173
Silvanus bidentatus, 32
Siphonella cinerea, 39
Sitodrepa, 206

panicea, 236
Sixeonotus insignis, 44
Smodicum cucujiforme, 33
Solenopsis geminata, 24

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

251

spniximorpha loewii, 126, 230
Sphragisticus simulatns, 58

nebulosus, 59
Stagmoniantis Carolina, 125
Steganopsis latipennis, 36
Stegobium, 206
Stenodema trispinosum, 44
Stenodema, 191, 193

hie or ice, 193
Stenolophus conjunctus, 120

scitulus, 119, 120
Stereosa, 80, 81
Strongylocoris stygicus, 43
Strymon acadica, 7

calanus, 6

edwardsi, 6

titus titus, 6
Stygnocoris pedestris, 53, 54

rusticus, 53
Sylectra, 224

Sympetrum semicinctum, 125
Synchita fuliginosa, 31

Tachopteryx thoreyi, 115
Tachycellus nigrinus, 119, 120

tibialis, 119, 120
Tachypus, 203
Tarache erastrioides, 227
Tenebroides, 191

americanus, 198
laticollis, 198

ariaonensis, 198

cucujiformis, 199

crassicornis, 197

debilis, 198

floridanus, 199

foveata, 197

helophorus, 199

marginatus, 199

opaca, 200

patruelis, 200

rugosipennis, 198

semicylindricus, 199

sonorensis, 19S

soror, 197

subasnea, 199
Temnochila, 191

acuta, 195, 196

Temnochila serea, 196

edentata, 194

obscura, 197

peninsiilaris, 196

prosternalis, 197

virescens chlorodia, 196
Tenebrioides mauritanica, 22
Tenodera sinensis, 125
Tetanocera arcuata, 40

umbrarum, 40
Tetanolita, 224
Tetracha Carolina chilensis, no

latreillei, no
Tettigonia variegata, 142
Thaneroclerus girodi, 206
Thecla martialis, 136
Thonalmus, 175
Thymalus, 200
Thysanoes quercus, 210
Tibicen auletes, 121, 122, 142, 144,
148

biconica, 142, 145

canalicularis, 142, 143

davisi, 121, 143, 146, 147
harnedi, 143, 146

erratica, 151

figurata, 144, 149

linnei, 121, 143, 146

lyricen, 121, 144, 147, 155
engelhardti, 144, 147

marginalis, 145, 150

marginata, 150

olympusa, 145, 150

pruinosa, 143, 145, 146
latefasciata, 143, 145

winnemanna, 143

reperta, 151

resh, 144, 149

resonans, 118, 144, 148

robertsoni, 150

sayi, 121, 144, 147

australis, 144, 148

similaris, 144, 147, 155

sordidata, 150

viridifascia, 145, 150
bequaerti, 151

vitripennis, 145
Tibicina, 143

septendecim, 152
Tibicinoides cupreosparsa, 118
Tineola biselliela, 117
Tipula aluco. 70

asio, 68

bubo, 69

gynaptera, 72

kamchatkensis, 72

252

Index to Names of Insects and Plants.

Tipula kitciiensis, 69

stejnegeri, 74

strix, 71

subcentralis, 73

tateyama, 68

whitneyi, 73
Togodolentus, 64

genuimis, 64
Togotipula, 67
Trachykele, 118
Trapezonotus agrestis, 55

arenarius, 54, 55, 58

caliginosus, 54, 55

rufipes, 56

derivatus, 57

diver sits, 57
Tricimba'cincta, 39
Tn'gonogya, 213

reticulaticollis, 214
Trigonometopus reticulatus, 36

vittatus, 36
Triplax mesosternalis, 212

monostigma, 212
Trypodendron lineatus, 211
Trypopitys, 206

Ugada nutti, 118

Urellia mevarna, 36
Urographis fasciatus, 33

Valonetits, 50

pilosus, 50
Valtissius, 62
Vanessa antiopa, 135

atlanta, 5

huntera, 5

virginiensis, 5
Vespa crabro, 126

Xanthogramma sequalis, 230
Xenoglossa patricia, 126
Xyleborus viduus, 211
Xylocleptes bispinus, 211
Xylocopa arizonensis, 230
Xylocapa arizonensis, 230

tabaniformis, 230
Xylopinus rufipes, 33

saperdioides, 33

Yamatotipula, 67

Zacompsia fulva, 35
Zanclognatha, 224
Zeridoneus, 45
costalis, 46

NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY,

Organized June 29, 1892. — Incorporated June 7, 1893.

The meetings of the Society are held on the first and third Tuesday of each month
(except June, July, August and September) at 8 p. m., in the American Museum of
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Members of the Society w^ill please remit their annual dues, payable in January, to
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Officers for the Year 1918.

President, L. B. WOODRUFF 14 East 68th Street, New York.

Vice- President, EDWARD D. HARRIS Yonkers, N. Y.

Secretary, CHAS. W. EENO 33 Murray St., New York.

Treasurer, W^l. '\. \)k\\'?) 146 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighton

Staten Island, N. Y.

A/(^r/7>«(iw, FRANK E. WAISON American Museum of Natural Histt)ry

New York.

Ciirntor, A J. MUTCIII.ER. . . American Museum of Natural History, New York.
EXECUTIVE COMMJ r/EE.

R P.Dow, Geo. P. Engf.ihakdt, H. B. Wiiss

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DELEGATE TO THE N. V. ACADEMV OP SCIENCES
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