„,-^-Am •f ,* 0' •j vl V fc-iyf int 3^ -£J 3* ?* .a ^if. ^*^ v^y . /> •■< y* . - '-^ ^rr-^*^/ ----- *v* ^T - JSjS* .V £-*£, 4^ VtT& **#$k 3pS 4*6 i. ^ , . Hi ■ I i The President has received, through Sir Dighton M. Pro by n, the following gracious message from His Majesty the King: Privy Purse Office, Buckingham Palace Sir. 28th June, 1901. I have the honour to inform you that I have submitted to The King your letter of the igth instant, and, in reply, I am commanded to say that His Majesty is pleased to accede to the request contained in it to continue his patronage to the Royal Microscopical Society. I am, Sir, Your obedient Servant, {Signed) /). M. PROBYN, Genera/, Keeper of H. M.'s Privy Purse. The President of The Royal Microscopical Society. His Majesty's message will be formally com- municated to the Society at the next Ordinary Meeting on October 16th. ll 1 1 1! I i ill i i i ;■ I i i 1 li ii li i W, The President of ill ll 1 ill ill 11 li JOURNAL OF THE Royal Microscopical Society CONTAINING ITS TRANSACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS AND A SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO zooilog-'X' .a.:dt:d botany (principally Invertebrata and Cryptogamia) MICBOSCOPY, <5cc. EDITED BY A. W. BENNETT, M.A. B.Sc. F.L.S. Lecturer on Botany at St. Thomas's Hosirital Instruction to Binder. The Message from the King, the Plate facing page 353 in the August Part, should be inserted as a Frontispiect to the Volume for 1901.— Editor. 1901 TO BE OBTAINED AT THE SOCIETY'S ROOMS, 20 HANOVER SQUARE, LONDON, W. Messrs. WILLIAMS & NORGATE ; and of Messrs. DULAU & CO. Ijjll I :,--,rrT77; ;i.,.Mi,iWi.;:',/i'lvil17HVViVnvWvVi'ATnT;iT)'h.^.--.'jTn^rrrrT:^Tr77 ', rrrrrinvrnGlll. i The President has received, th rough Sir Di ghton M. Probyn, the fo 1 1 o w i n g gracious message fro m His Majesty th e King : Privy Purse Office, Buckingham Palace. 28th June, 1901. Sir, I have tJie honour to inform yon that I have suhm.it ted In Thr k nt34 Noe, G. — Propagation of Blood Filar ise 536 Rizzo, A. — Fixation of Intestinal Parasites .. .. 530 Looss, A. — Method of Infection with Vhcinaria duodenalis 047 Platyhelminthes. Sabussow, H. — Euterostoma mytili v. Graff 41 Buttel-Reepen, H. v. — Two Large Species of Distomum 41 Odhner, Th. — New Genus of Distomidas 41 Nickerson, W. S. — Distomum arcanum ... .... 42 Luhe — Genus Podocotyle (Duj.) Stoss 42 Braun, M. — Genus Clinostomum Leidy 42 Couvreur, E. — Hydatid Fluids 42 Ratz, St. von — New Cestodes 43 Voigt, W. — Influence of Temperature on Reproduction of Polycelis cornuta .. .. 157 Ha vet, J. — Nervous System of Distomum hepaticum 157 Looss, A. — Names of Genera of Distomidee 157 Dadat, E. von — Forms of Cercocystis .. .. 158 Wolffhugel, K. — Drepanidotxnia < lunceolata Bloch. 158 Saint- Kemy, G. — Development of Taenia serrata 158 Thompson1, Caroline B. — New Nemertean 158 Zykoff, \V. — Fresh-water Nemertine .... .... 280 Fuhrmann, O. — Avian Cestodes .. 280 Sekera, Emil — Marine Species of Gyrator . . 280 Shipley, A. E. — Syndesmus echinorum Franc 280 Mingazzini, P. — Poison of Parasites . . 420' Vaney, C, & A. Coste-^- Histolysis and Histogenesis in Cercurue 421 Rosseter, T. B. — Structure of ' Dicranntsenia coronula 421 Braun, M. — Trematodes from Bursa Fabricii, Oviduct, and Eggs of Birds .. .. 421 Luhe, M. — Monostomum orbieulare 421 Haswelv,, "\V. A. — New Species of Temnocephalese 421 Fuhrmann, O. — Gyrator reticulatus Sekera .. 421 Haswell, W. A. — New Rhabdoeozle Turbellarian 122 Schockaert, R. — Oogenesis in Thysanozoon brocchi 530 Gei.ard, O. — Oocyte of Pro&thecerxus vittatus 530 Curtis, W. C. — Reproductive Organs of Planaria maculata 537 Steel, T. — Tasmanian Land Planarians 537 „ „ Australian Land Planarians .. 537 Volz, W. — Turbellarians of Switzerland 537 Ariola, V. — Revision of the Family Bothriocephalida: 537 Brezzano, A. — Rostellum of Davainea 538 Isler, E. — Nemertea from Chili . . . . 538 Schultz, E. — Regeneration in Leptoplana atomata 648 Odhner, Th. — Revision of Species of Allocreadium Lss 648 Looss, A. — New Trematoda from the Labridse 040 Braun, M. — Avian Trematoda 04!) Dec. 18th, 1901 b XV111 . CONTENTS. PACK Linstow, O. VON — New Tapeworm in Man 64'.l Shipley, A. E. — Bothriocephalus histiophorus up. n •• •• 649 Miuzek, Al. — Position of Nerve-cord in Aboihrium rectangulum Saint-Remy, G. — Development in Cestoda . 64'.) Mrazek, Al. — Larva of Caryophyllseus mutabilis .. .. 65(1 Punnett, R. C. — New British Nemertea 650 Bekgendal, D. — Callinera burger i 650 Incertee Sedis. Nickerson, W. S. — Double Forms of Loxosoma 48 Roule, Louis — Development of Phoronis sabatieri 158 Ritter, W. E. — New Enter opneuston 159 T>avenport, C. B. — Variations in Statoblasts of Pectinatella magnified 150 Harmer, S. F. — Classification of Chilodomatous Bryozoa 159 Caullery, M., & F. Mesnil — Life-history of Orthonectids 422 Masterman, A. T. — Development of Phoronis 422 Gineste, Ch. — " Ciliated Urns" of Gephyreans 538 Schulz, Karl — Structure of Potyzoa 651 Rotatoria. Lauterborn, Robert — Variation Cycle of Anurea cochlearis 159 Jennings, H. S. — Rotatoria of the United States 160 Hilgendorf, F. W. — Rotifers of New Zealand 160 Rousselet, C. F. — Specific Characters of Asplanchna intermedia 422 Dixon-Ntjttall, F. R., & M. F Dunlop — New Rotifers 42:; Jennings. H. S. — North- American Rotatoria 651 Echinoderma. Kcehler, R. — Antarctic Echinoids and Ophiurids 43 Russo, Achille — Genital Organ of Larval Antedon 415 ■Chadwick, H. C. — Structure of Echinus esculentus 161 Griffiths, A. B. — Pigment of Echinus escidentus 161 Dawydoff, C. — Regeneration in Ophiuroids 161 Klem, Mary — Development of Agaricocrinus 161 Tower, W. L. — Abnormal Sea-urchin 281 Clark, H. L. — Holothuria of Pacific Coast 281 Boveri, Th. — Polarity in Egg of Sea- Urchin 42," Graye, Caswell — Development of Ophiur a brevispina .. 53S Masterman, A. T. — Development 'of Cribrella oculata 539 Pfeffer, \V. — Optic Organs of Starfishes 539 Boveri, Th. — Polarity of Oocyte, Ovum, and Larva of Strongylocentrotus lividus .. 540 Clark, H. L. — North American Holotliuroidx 540 Mead, A. D.— Natural History of Starfish 651 Strassen, O. zur — Oral Skeleton of Ophiuroids .. .. 652 Przibram, H. — Regeneration in Antedon rosacea 652 Herouaro, Edgard — Antarctic Holothurians 652 Coelentera. M'Murrich, J. Playfair — Mesenterial Filaments 4:! Duerden, J. E. — Anemones from Jamaica .. 44 Parke, H. H. — Variation and Regulation of Abnormalities in Uydra 162 ( arlgren, Oskar — Mesenteries of Actiniaria 281 Kassianow, N. — Nervous System of Lucemaridx 282 Nutting, C C. — Plumularidx 282 Garbe, A. — Origin of Reproductive Organs in Ctenophora 42:! Wryagevitch, Th. A. — Halcumpella in the Black Sea 424 Hargitt, Charles W. — North-American Uydromedusse 424 CONTENTS. XIX 1'AliS Mayer, A. G. — Variations of a Newly- Arisen Species of Leptomedusoid 540 Hartlaub, Cl. — Hydroids from the Pacific 541 Bigelow, R. P. — Anatomy and Development of Cassiopea xamachana 541 Uexkull, J. von— Movements of Medusas 542 Lacaze-Duthiers.II.de — Alcyonarians of the Gulf of Lyons 512 Carlgren, O. — Protection of the Young in Actiniaria 542 Duerden, S. E. — Septa and Mesenteries of Madreporaria 543 Studer, Th. — Madreporaria from the Sandwich Islands and Samoa 543 Vignon, P. — Cilia of Ctenophora and Ciliary Insertion in General 544 Billard, Armand — Scissi 'parity in II 'ydrozoa 652 „ „ Asexual Reproduction in Hydrozoa 653 Hakgitt, C W. — Variation* in Hydromedusse .. 653 Vaney, C., & A. Conte — Limnocodium sowerbii at Lyon 653 Friedemann, O. — Post-Embryonic Development of Aurelia aurita 05:; Immekmann, F. — Attachment of Young Sea- Anemones to an Adult (353 Porifera. Butschli, O. — Minute Structure of Sponge Spicules 162 Evans, Richard— Ephydatia blembingia 282 Topsent, E. — Antarctic Sponges 2S3 MacKay, A. H. — Fresh-water Sponge from Sable Island 284 Maas, Otto — Development of Sponge Spicules 284 Isao, Ijima — Studies on the LTexactinellida 424 Protozoa. Lankester, E. Ray— Sexual Zygosis in Protozoa 44 Dangeakd, P. A. — Karyokinesis in Vampyrella 44 Harrington. N. R., & E. Leaking —Reaction of Amoiba to Different Colours . . 45 Schubert, R. J. — Foraminifera from Singapore . 45 Leger, Louis — Ccelomic Coccidia in Insects 45 Ross, Ronald, & R. Fielding-Ould — Life-history of H se.mamazbidse 45 Christophers, S. R., & J. W. W. Stephens — Malaria and Natives 4(5 Dangeakd, P. A. — Zoochlorellse of Paramecium bursaria 46 Gunther, Adolf — Parasitic Infusoria 46 Leger, Louis — New Sporozoon in Dipterous Larvse 46 „ „ & Paul Hagenjiuller — New Species of Ophryocystis 47 „ „ Reproduction of Ophryocystis 47 Doflein, F. — Cell-Division in Protozoa .. 162 Dangeard, P. A. — Nuclear Division in Protozoa 163 Stolc, Amo'si'S—Physiohgy of Pelomyxa 163 Penard, Eugene — Experiments on Difflugia 164 Pearcey, F. G. — Deep-Sea Rhizopods in Clyde Area 164 Roux, Jean — Infusoria of Lake Geneva 1 64 Dani;eard, P. A. — Structure and Development of Colpodella pugnax 164 Doty, H. A. — Apparent Commensalism of Conochilus and Vorticellids 165 Iwanoff, L. — New Species of Gonyostomum .. .. 165 Voirin, Valentin — Coccidium fuscum 165 Facciola, L. — Psorospermic Tumours of Xiphias 166 Tyzzer, E. E — New Myxosporidian in Fishes 1 66 Borgert, A. — Reproduction of Radiolaria Tripylx 284 Chapman, F. — Foraminifera from the Lagoon at Funafuti .... .. 285 Massart, Jean — Trichocysts of Paramecium aurelia 285 Minkiewicz, R. — Seasonal Dimorphism of Ceratium f urea Duj 285 Sand, Rene — Monograph on Tentaculif era 285 Siedlecki, M. — Life-History of Monocystis Ascidiae, 2S6 Siedlecki, Michel — Influence of Gregarines on the Cells of their Host 286 Caullery, Maurice, & Felix Mesnil — Asexual Multiplication of Gregarines .. 286 Stem pell, W. — Plistophora mutter i (L. Pfr.) 286 Borner, Carl — Genus Hsemogregarina 287 b 2 XX CONTENTS. PAGE Stassano, H. — Parasite found in Syphilides 2S7 Prowazek, S. — Protozoa and Bacteria 424 Senn, G. — Systematic Work on Flagellata 424 Forti, Achille — New Genus of Peridiniex 425 Ouenot, L. — Life-history of Gregarines 425 Koninski, Karl — Trypanosoma sanguinis in Batrachians 425 Lignieres, J. — La Tristeza 426 Prowazek, S. — Intra-vitam Staining 544 Penard, E. — Bhizopods of the Lake of Geneva 544 Borgert, A. — Badiolaria Tripylea of the Mediterranean 544 Stevens, N. M. — New Infusorians 545 Prowazek, S. — Cell-division in Polytoma 545 Brunnthaler, J., & E. Lemmerjiann — Genus Dinobryon 545 Huitfeldt-Kaas, H. — Peridinieas of Norwegian Lakes 545 Sand, Rene — Tentaculifera 546 Nuttall, G. H. F. — Mosquitoes and Malaria 546 Leger, L. — New Gregarine 546 Cecconi, G. — Sporulation of Monocystis agilis 546 Billet, A. — Gregariniform Stage in the Cycle of the Malarial Hxmatozoon .. .. 546 Leger, Louis — Gametes of Stylorhynchus 547 Plate, Lddwig, H. — Chifonicium simplex 547 Florentin, Ii. — New Infusoria 654 Wallengren, Hans — Division of Hypotrichous Infusoria 654 Lutz, Adolph — Drepanidium in Snakes .. 654 Bazxosano, Popovici A. — H&matozoa of Frog and Tortoises 654 Leger, L., & O. Dubosq — Development of Polycystid Gregarines .. 655 Fence, M. — Exciting Cause of Vaccinia and Variola 655 CONTENTS. XXI BOTANY. A. GENERAL, including the Anatomy and Physiology of the Phanerogamia. o. Anatomy. (1) Cell-structure and Protoplasm- PAGE Timberlake, H. G. — Development and Function of the Cell-plate .. .. ... .. 48 M'Comb, Amanda — Development of the Karyokinetic Spindle in Vegetative Cells .. 48 Lawson, A. A. — Cones of the Multipolar Spindle 48 Nemec, B. — Formation of Vaciwles 49 Boulet, V. — Membrane of Hydroleucites 49 Steinbrinck, C. — Permeability of the Cell-wall for Air 49 Bernard, Ch. — Attractive Spheres in Angiosperms 167 Kohl, F. G. — Dimorphism of Protoplasmic Connecting Threads 167 Dixon, H. H. — First Mitosis of Spore-mother-cells of Lilium 168 Ott, Emma — Hardness of Vegetable Membranes 168 Steinbrinck, C. — Shrinking of the Cell-wall 168 Miehe, H. — Movements of the Nucleus 288 Byxbee, Edith, S. — Development of Karyokinetic Spindle in Pollen-mother-cells of Lavatera 2S8 Hill, Arthur W. — Connecting Threads of Protoplasm in Pinus 289 Schutt, F. — Centrifugal and Simultaneous Thickenings of the Membrane . . . . 289 Kornicke, M. — Movements of Nuclei 548 Nemec, B. — Centrosome-like Structures in the Vegetative Cells of Vascidar Plants.. 548 Sonntag, P. — Lignitication of the Cell-wall 549 Nemec, B. — Fibrillar Structure of Protoplasm 656 Yamaxocchi, S. — Cenfrosomes in the Pollen-mother-cells of Lilium longiflorum . . 656 Josixg, E. — Influence of External Conditions on the Streaming of Protoplasm . . 657 Schaffner, J. H. — Cytology of Erythronium 657 Claussen, P. — Permeability of the Walls of Tracheids for Atmospheric Air .. .. 658 Dkyaux, H. — Fixation of Metals by the Cell-ioall 658 (2) Other Cell-contents (including- Secretions). Tstett — Blue Chlorophyll 50 Kroemer, K. — Alleged Violet Chromatophores 50 Bokorny, Th. — My rosin in Plants 50 H arlay, V. — Proteolytic Enzyme of Germinating Seeds 50 Loew, O. — Neiv Enzyme 50 Schlagdenhauffen & — . Beeb — New Glucoside from Erysimum 50 Laurent, J. — Exosmose of Diastases 51 Bourquelot, E., & H. Herissey — Seminase in Seeds 51 Martinaud, V. — Presence of an Inverting Sugar in Grapes 51 Bourquelot, E., & H. HeribSEY — Simultaneous Occurrence of Two Sugars .. .. 51 Tschirch, A., & H. Kritzler — Composition of Aleurone-grains 168 Peter, A. — Compound Starch-grains 169 Moebius, M. — Anthophsein, a Brown Pigment of Flowers 169 Greshoff — Alkaloids of the Composite 169 Butkewitsch, W. — Proteolytic Enzyme in Germinating Seeds 1 69 Hazewinkel, J. J. — Indican and its Enzyme 1 < « 1 » Wolff, J. — Presence of Methyl-alcohol in the Ferments of Certain Fruits .. .. 169 Tsvett, M. — Chlorophyllins and Metachlorophyllins 290 Bokorny, Th. — Myrosin .' 290 XX11 CONTENTS. Clatjtrian, M. — Digestive Secretion of Nepenthes 290 Trabct, M.— Manna of the Olive 290 Schwabach, E., & A. Tschirch — Excretion of Resin by the Leaves of Conifers . 290 Schroder, B. — Mucin 291 Linsbauer, L. — Formation of Anthocyan 427 Molisch, H. — Latex and Mucilage- Sup .. .. 427 CLAtTRiAU, G. — Nature of the Vegetable Alkaloids .. 428 Miyare, K. — Starch in Evergreen Leaves 428 Schlotterbeck, J. 0. — F ' rotopine-bearing Plant 428 Tailleur, P. — Glycoside present during Germination in the Beech 428 Parkin, J. — Reserve Carbohydrate producing [ Mannose 428 Winterstein, E. — Nitrogenous Contents of Green Leaves 549 Molisch, H. — New Chromogen producing a Red Pigment 549 Vines, S. H. — Leptomin 549 Weiss, K. — Albuminoids of the Seeds of Leguminosve 658 Schunck, C. A. — Yellow Colouring Matters of Leaves 658 Kirkwood, J. E., & W. J. Giks — hndosperm and Milk of the Cocoa-nut 659 Starke, J. — Solanine in Tobacco-Seeds 659 Hombergeb, K. — Barium in Plants 659 Labaud, L. — Zinc in Plants 659 (3) Structure of Tissues. Bonnier, G. — Order of Formation of the Elements of the Central Cylinder in the Root and Stem 51 Hering, L. — Anatomy of MonopodialjOrchids 51 Cannon, W. A. — Gall of the Monterey Pine 52 Bonnier, G. — Differentiation of the Vascular Tissues in the Leaf and the Stem .. 170 Plot, L. — Common Origin of the Tissues of the Leaf and Stem in Phanerogams .. 170 Busse, W. — Conducting Tissue in the Ovary of Orchidese 170 Brenner, W. — Succulent Plants 170 Chacykaud, G. — Structure of Vascular Plants 291 Baranetzky, J. — " Bicollateral Bundles" 291 Gaucher, L. — Function of Laticifers 291 Chauyeaud, M. G. — Formation of Sieve-Tubes in the Roots of Dicotyledons .. .. 292 Will, A. — Duramen and Dealing-Tissue .. 292 Sargant, Ethel — New Type of Transition from Stem to Root 292 Dorner, Herman B. — Resin- Ducts and Strengthening-Cells of Abies and Picea . . 293 Matruchot, L., & M. Molliard — Injury to Vegetable Cells caused by Cold, Plas- molysis, and Desiccation 293 Goebel, K. — Structure of the Malaxidex .. .. 293 Wallace, W. — Stem-structure of Aetinostemma biglandulosa 293 Jost, L. — Peculiarities in the Cambium of Trees 428 Decrock, E. — Anatomy of the Primulacese 429 Nemec, B. — Effect of Low Temperatures on Meristematic Tissues 549 Petersen, O. G. — Sanio's Tracheids 550 Guignard, L. — Laticifers of Euonymus 550 Col, M. — Secreting Apparatus of Composite 550 Hill, T. G. — Stem of Dalbergia paniculata 550 Bargagli-Petrucci, G — Stomatiferous Cavities in the Leaves of Ficus 659 Mangin, L. — Production of Gummy Thyllx 660 Thiskltox-Dyer, W. T. — Persistence of Leaf-traces 660 Vidal, L. — Apex of the Axis in the Floioer of Gamopetalx 660 Perredes, Pierre E. F., & F. B. Power — Bark of Robinia Pseudacacia .. . . 660 Ursprung, A. — Formation of Annual Rings in Tropical Trees 660 Gioon, F. — Conducting Apparatus of Nyctaginese 661 (4) Structure of Organs. Ule, E. — Underground Flowers 52 Villani, A. — Nectaries of the Cruciferx 52 Arcangeli, G. — Nectaries of the Cucurbitacfiii 52 CONTENTS. XX111 l'AOE Lendner — Colour of Juniper-" Berrie* " 53 Pitard, A. — Anatomy of Pedicels . . 53 Murbach, L. — Mechanism of the Awns of Stipa 53 Chooat, R. — Colour of Box-leaves 53 Roux, J. A. Cl. — Chlorosis caused by the Nature of the Soil 53 Molliard — Viridescence and Fasciation caused by a Parasite 54 Kuhne, E — Stomates on the Upper Side of Leaves 54 Chodat, R., & Bernard— Stomates of the Box 54 Devaux, H. — Lenticels 54 Terras, J. A. — Relation between Lenticels and Adventitious Boots in Solanum Dulcamara 55 Hirsch, W.— Development of Hairs 55 Keller, Ida A. — Structure of Hyacinth Boots 55 Bernard, N. — Formation of Tubercles in Plants 55 Mattirolo, O. — Influence of the Bemoval of the Flowers on the Boot-tubercles of the Leguminosm 55 Barnhart, J. H. —Heteromorphic Flowers of Helianthemum 171 Ludwig, F. — Bud-blossoming of Deutzia gracilis ... 171 Hayek, A. vox — Peculiarity of Alpine Composite 171 Tieghem, Ph. van — Inversion of the Ovule in Statice .. .. .... 171 Pammel, L. H. — Seeds of Leguminosse .. .. 171 Raciborski — Branching of the Vegetative Organs ... .. .. .. 172 Arnoldi, W. — Causes of the Vernation of Leaves 1"2 Perrot, E. — Appendicular Organs of the Leaves of Myriophyllum 172 Macohiati. L. — Glandular Hairs of Salvia glutinosa 172 Preston, C. E. — Roots of Cad aceae 172 Beulaygue, L. — Influence of Darkness on the Development of Flowers 293 Lovell, J. H. — Colour of Apetalous Flowers 294 Schwendener, S. — Divergences in the Co pituJe of the Sunflower 294 Lindman, C. A. M. — Amphicarpous Plants .. .. 294 Celakovsky, L. J. — Fruit-scales of Coniferx .. ... .... .. 294 Velenovsky. J. — Axillary Buds of the Hornbeam 295 Linsbauer, L. — Translucency of Leaves 295 I.indman, C. A. M. — Morphology of Tropical Leaves 295 Thomas, J. — Underground Leaves 295 Tbupe, H. — Variegation . . . . 296 Ledoux P. — Phyllodes of Acacia 296 Fritsch, K. — Tendrils of Lathy r us 296 Dale, Elizabeth — Outgroirths of Hibiscus vitifolius .. .. 296 Gatn, E. — Tricotyledony 296 Hiltner, L. — Boot-Tubercles of the Leguminosse 297 Passerini, N.— Boot-Tubercles of Medicago saliva 297 Bernard, N. — Tuberculi sat ion of the Potato 298 Petrucci, G. B. — Anatomy of Phoenix dactylifera and Chamserops humilis .. .. 298 Meissner, R. — Relationship between the Length of the Stem and of the Leaves in Conifer se 429 Warming, E. — Forms of Leaves 429 Winkler, 14. — Theory of Phyllotaxis .. 429 Rodrigue — Variegated Leaves .... 430 Goffart, J. — Organs of Exudation . 4HO Freidenfelt, 'J'. —Boots of Herbaceous Plants .... 430 Life, A. C. — Tuberous Rootlets of Cycas .. 430 Coulter, J. M., & C. J. Chamberlain — Morphology of Gymnosperms 431 Burgerstein, A. — Opening and Closing of Flowers 550 Beille, L. — Floral Organs of the Disciflorie 551 Malme, G. O. A. — Inflorescence of the Asclepiadeie .. 551 Cavara. F. — Heterogyny of Ephedra campylopoda 551 Frier, R. — Pappus of Composite 551 Burkill, I. II. — Ovary of Par nassia .... .... 552 Heckel, E. — Seed of Hernandia 552 Westermaier. M. — P ueumatophores 552 Dubard, M. — Structure of the Sprouts of Woody Plants 552 XXIV CONTENTS. pack Lang, F. X. — Polypompholyx and Byblis 552 Weberbaueb, A. — Fruit of the Scrophulariacese 661 Billings, F. H. — Structure of Seeds 661 Peirce, G. J. — Suckers of Sequoia sempervirens 661 Schwendeneb, S., & H. Winkles — Theory of Phyllotaxis 662 liiNZi:, G. — Unfolding of Leaves 662 <;< iebel, K.—" Fore-runner Point" of Leaves 662 Meyer, W. — Anatomy of Caryophyllacese and Primulacefe 662 0. Physiolog-y- (.1) Reproduction and Embryology. Dangeard, P. A. — Sexual Reproduction 56 Strasburger, E. — Double Impregnation in Angiosperms 57 Thomas, Ethel N. — Double Impregnation in Caltha 57 Arnoldi, W. — Archegones and, Pollen-tubes of Sequoia 57 Burgagli, Marchese, & G. W. Okd — Cross-Pollination and Self -Pollination .. 58 Werth, E. — Or nithophilous Flowers 58 Sablon, Leclebc du — Cleistogamous Flowers 58 Hildebrand, F. — Hybridisation of Hepatica .. .. 59 Tieghem, Ph. van — Female Prothallium of the Stigmatx 173 Land, W. J. G. — Double Fertilisation in Composite 173 Brunotte, 0. — Embryogeny of Impatiens and Tropxolum 174 Burns, G. P. — Fertilisation of Stylidiacese 174 Lotsy, J. P. — Embryology and Fertilisation of Rhopalocnemis 174 Chodat, R., & C. Bernard — Embryo-sac of Helosis 175 (Jelakovsky. L. J. — Multiplication of the Sporanges in Salisburia 175 Strasburger, S. — Distribution of the Sexes in Dioecious Plants 176 ROSSLER, W. — Cleistogamous Floicers 176 (Jorrens, 0. — Influence of the Number of Pollen-grains on Fertilisation 176 Macchiati, L., & others — Cross-Pollination and Self-PoUination .. .. ■■ 177 Vries, Hugo de — Unequal Results of Hybridisation 177 Ernst, A. — Polyembryony 298 Juel, H. O. — Formation of Tetrads 299 Murrill, W. A. — Development of the Archegone and Impregnation in Tsuga canadensis 299 Ernst, A. — Embryo-sac and Embryo of Tulipa .. .. 300 Sajo, K. — Crossing of Varieties 300 Johow, F. — Ornithophilous Flowers .. .. 301 Fritsch, K. — Gynodicecism of Myosotis palustris 301 Garjeanne, A. J. M. — Proterogyny of Lychnis flos-cuculi HOI Sarg ant, Ethel — Impregnation in Angiosperms 301 Pirotta, R., & B. Longo — Basigamy, Acrogamy, a7id Mesogamy 431 Jiel, H. O. — Parthenogenesis in Antennaria alpina 431 Murbeoe, Sv. — Parthenogenesis and Chalazogamy in Alchemilla 432 Tischler, G. — Development of the Endosperm and Testa of Corydalis 432 Longo, B. — Impregnation in Cucurbita Pepo 433 Dumee, P. — Embryo-sac of Orchidese 433 Cavaua, F. — Oogenesis in Abies pectinata 434 Cokes, W. C. — Gametophyte and Embryo of Taxodium .. .. 434 Werth, E., & F. Daul— Visits of Birds to Flowers 435 Burck, W. — Protection against the Germination of Foreign Pollen 435 Kobnioke, M. — Division of Embryo-sac Mother-cells 553 Campbell, D. H. — Embryo-sac of Peperomia 553 Taliew, W., & others— Cross-Pollination and SelJ '-Pollination 554 Marloth, R. — Ornithophilous Plants 555 Tschermak, E. — Hybridisation of Peas and Beans 555 Klebs, G. — Physiology of Reproduction 555 Gdignabd, L. — Double Fertilisation in Maize 662 Lyon, H. L. — Embryology of Nelumbium 663 Dunn. Louise B. — Embryo-sac of Delphinium ^o Hewins, Nellie P. — Embryology of the Caprifoliaceas <',63 CONTENTS. XXV IWCiR Ikeno, S. — Fertilisation of Salisburia 061 Holfeuty, G. M. — Ovule and Embryo of Potamogefon .. ■ 064 LoNQO, B. — Endotropio Course of the 1'nlli it-tiihi- 664 Ferguson, M. 0. — Pollen-tube of Pinus 064 (2) Nutrition and Growth (including- G-ermination, and Movements of Fluids). Waller, A. D. — Electrical Effect of Light upon Green Leaves 59 Seelhorst, — . v. — Influence of the Water of the Soil on the Development of Plant* 59 Volkaert, A. — Parasitism of Pedicular is 60 Heckel, E. — Parasitism of Ximenia americana 60 Rimpacu, A. — Germination of some Perennial Herbs 60 Terras, J. A. — Germination of the Winter-buds of Hydrocharis Morsus-Ranx .. 60 Schloesing, Th., Fils — Absorption of Nitrogen by Plants 61 Daniel, L. — Conditions for successful Grafting 178 RicC.me, H. — Development of Etiolated Plants when replaced in the Light . . .. 178 Prianischnikow, D. — Absorption of Phosphoric Acid by Plants 179 Hildebrand, F. — Germination of Hxmanthus tig rinus 179 Friedel, J. — Influence of Pressure on Chlorophyll Assimilation 301 Tompa, A. — Grafting of the Vine 302 Kovessi, M. L. — Ripening of Shoots of the Vine 302 Waller, A. D.— Vitality of Seeds 302 Boehm, M., & others — Sensitiveness of Plants to Mineral Substances 302 Goldflus, M. — Chlorophyll-Assimilation through the Bark 43G Friedel, J. — Chlorophyll-Assimilation outside the Living Plant 436 Beijerinck, W., & K. Latjbert — Cytisus Adami 436 Kraetzer, A. — Growth in Length of Petals and Fruit . .. 436 Laurent, E. — Grafting the Potato on the Potato 436 Preston, E. — Non-sexual Propagation of Opuntia .. .. 437 Nabokich, A. — Capacity of Plants to live without Oxygen .. . 555 Czapek, F. — Carbon-dioxide Assimilation of Leaves in Winter 555 Arber, E. A. N. — Effect of Mineral Salts on Assimilation 556 TJrsprung, A. — Excentric Growth in Thickness 556 Coupin, H. — Sensitiveness of Plants to small amounts of Potassium Salts .. .. 556 Andre, G. — Absorption of Phosphorus and Sulphur during Germination .. .. 556 Jencic, A. — Action of Low Temperatures on the Germination of Seeds 556 Watson, W. — Germination of Bertholetia 557 Burgerstein, A. — Recent Work on Transpiration 557 Dixon, H. PL.— Vitality of Seeds 665 Tammes, T. — Influence of the Solar Rays on the Germination of Seeds 6ti5 Kovessi, F. — Ripening of Shoots of the Vine 066 Kusano, S. — Parasitism of Buckleya 066 Hammerle, J. — Periodicity in the Growth of the Root 666 Macmillan, C. — Periodic Growth in the Potato 606 Fuchs, K. — Movement of Water in Plants 606 Curtis, C. C. — Transpiration and the Resistance of Stems 006 (3)] rritability. Nemec, B., & G. Haberlandt — Perception of Geotropic Irritation 61 Czapek, F. — Geotropic Sensitiveness of the Root-tip 179 Usteri, A. — Irritability of the Stamens of Berber is 179 Livingston, B. E. — Nature of the Stimulus which causes the Change of Form in Polymorphic Green Algm 1 79 Montemartini, L. — Sensitiveness of the Nodes of Grasses 3u3 Gcillon, J. M. — Geotropism of the Roots of the Vine 303 Nemec, B. — Perception of Gravitation by Plants 437 Darwin, F. — Geotropic Function of the Hoot-tip 437 Pantanelli, E. — Motile Cushions of Robinia and Porliera 437 Neljcbow, D. — Horizontal Nutation of the Stem of Pisum sativum, &c 437 GtIOVAnnozzi, U. — Hygroscopic Movements in Plants 557 XXVI CONTENTS. PAGE Nemec, B. — Plagiotropic Change of Orthotropous Roots 558 ,, „ & G-. Haberlandt — Conduction of Irritation in Plants 667 Rothert, W. — Phenomena of Tactic Sensitiveness 667 Borzi, A. — Senso-motory Apparatus of the Tendrils of Cucurbitaceee 66S Pantanelli, E. — Motile Cushions of Bobinia and Porliera 669 Minden, von — Sensitive Style of Arctotis 669 Copeland, E. B. — Geotropism of Stems 669 (4) Chemical Changes (including Respiration and Fermentation). Prianischnikow, D. — Influence of Temperature on the Decomposition of Albumen . . 61 Epstein, S. — Lactic Acid Fermentation 62 Kozai, Y. — Preparation of Sake" . . 62 Andre, Ot. — Chemical Transformations during the Development of the Burl .. 180 Pollacci, G. — Photosynthesis . .. 180 Maliniak, M. — Formation of Albuminoid Substances in the Dark .180 Lotsy, J. P. — Formation of the Cwchona Alkaloids 180 Gruss, J. — Production of Transitory Starch 181 Kraemer, H. — Origin of Tannin in Galls 181 Ortloff, H. — Influence of Carbonic Acid on Fermentation 181 Jensen, O. — Enzymes in Cheese 181 Babcock, S. M., & H. L. Russell — Belation of Bennet Enzymes to Bipening of Cheddar Cheese * .. 182 Klocker, A. — Formation of Enzymes in Alcoholic Ferments 182 Pdriewitsch, K. — Bespiration of Plants 303 Bokornt, Th. — Sensitiveness of Ferments and Protoplasm to Physical and Chemical Agencies 304 Schulze, E., & Itvanoff — Formation of A spar agin and Proteids in Plants . . .. 43S Palladine, W. — Influence of Nutrition by various organic substances on the Bespira- tion of Plants 438 Andre, G. — Migration of Ternary Substances in Annual Plants 439 Benecke, W. — Halophytes and their Chlorine-contents 439 Prior, E., & H. Schulze — Physics of Fermentation .. .. 439 Zaleski, W. — Formation of Proteids in Plants .. .. 558 Shibata, K. — Growth of the Bamboo 558 Peirce, G. J. — Normal and Intramolecular Bespiration •• •. 558 Kolkwitz, R. — Bespiration of Dormant Seeds 559 Gehber, C. — Bespiration of the < Hive 559 Morris, G. H. — Combined Action of Diastase and Yeast, on Starch-Granules .. .. 559 Iwanoff, L. — Appearance and Disappearance of Phosphorus-Compounds .. .. 669 Hettlinger, A. — Influence of Injury to the Tissues on the Production of Proteids . . 670 Bourquelot, E., & H. Herisset — Germination of Phoenix canariensis 670 Eijkmann, C. — Enzymes of Bacteria and. Moulds 670 Purjewicz, K. — Bespiration of Plants 671 Godlewski, E., & F. Polzeniusz — Intramolecular Bespiration and Production of Alcohol by Seeds placed in water 671 Morkowine, N. — Influence of the Alkaloids on Bespiration 671 7- General. Scott's" Fossil Botany 62 Macchiati, L. — Aphides and Flowers 182 Taliew, W. — Myrmecophilous Plants .. .. 182 Daniel, L. — Effect of Annular Decortication on Herbaceous Plants 182 Ludwig, F. — Slime on Trees 183 Woods, Albert F. — Stigmonose 183 Moll, J. W.—Mufaf ion Theory 439 Passerini, N. — Development of Heat by Plants 440 Wjasemsky, T. — Influence of the Electric Current on the Resistance of Vegetable Tissues to Conduct /an 44 Townsend, C. 0). — Effect of Hydrocyanic Acid Gas on Seeds 440 Wettstein, R. v. — Production of New Forms 559 Ule, E.— Ant-Gardens 672 CONTENTS. XXV11 l'ACK KRONFELD, M. — Contrivances for Distribution in Plants 672 d'Arsonval, M. — Osmotic Pressure as a Defence against Cold .. .. 672 B. CRYPTOGAMIA. Seckt, H. — Phyllotaxis in Musci and Florideas 672 Bohlin, K. — Phytogeny of the Green Algae and Archegoniatse 673 Cryptogamia Vascularia. Scott, D. H.. & T. G. Hill— Structure of Isoetes 62 Boodle, L. A. — Anatomy of the Hymenophyllacese ... .63 Shove, R. F. — Stem of Angiopteris .. .. 63 Thom, C. — Fertilisation in Aspidium and Adiantnm 183 Palisa, J. — Regenerating Buds of Cystopteris 183 Smith, R. Wilson — Achromatic Spindle in the Spore-mother-cells of Osmunda .. 184 Scott, D. H. — Fructification of Palkozoic Lycopods 184 Buller, A. H. R. — Spermatozoids of Ferns 304 Britton, Elizabeth G., & Alexandrina Taylor — Schizxa pusilla 304 Dangeard, P. A. — Relation of the Zoospore to the Spermatozoid 440 Gwynne-Vaughan, D. T., & K. Giesenhagen — Anatomy of Loxsoma 560 Chauveaud, G. — Roots of Vasctdar Cryptogams 673 Goebel, K. — Sporange and Inflorescence of Selaginella 674 Bower, F. O. — Imperfect Sporanges in Pteridophyta 674 Boodle, L. A. — Anatomy of the Schizseacese 674 Muscineae. Fleischer — Ephemeropsis Tjibodensis Goeb. 185 Braithwaite's British Moss-Flora 185 Van Hook, J. M. — Cell- and Nuclear-Division in Hepaticse 185 Muller, K. — Classification of Mosses . . . . 305 Geneau de Lamarliere, L., & J. Mareu — Cave Mosses 441 Geheeb, A. — Fossil Moss 441 Warnstorf, C. — Rhizoid-rudiments on the Ventral Scales of Marchantiacese .. .. 441 Tansley, A. G., & Edith Chick — Conducting Tissue-System of Bryophyta .. .. 5R0 Dayis, B. M., & J. B. Farmer — Nuclear Division in Pellia 561 Schiffner, V. — Makinoa 562 Stephani, F. — Elaterophores of Calycularia 562 Massolongo, 0. — Viviparity in a Liverwort 562 Cardot, J. — Anatomy of the Leucobryaceie. 675 Characeae. Ernst, A. — Pseudo- Hermaphroditism in Nitella 305 Giesenhagen, K. — Geotropic Curvature of the Roots of Chara 562 Algae. Chodat, R.— Cell-Division in Fresh-water Ahjsc 63 Batters, E. A. L. — New Genera of Floridese, 63 Heydrich, F. — Classification of Corallinucese 64 biRN, Karl E.— GUdogoniacea: 65 Golenkin — Fertilisation of Sphieroplca. 65 Winkler, H. — Division of the Oosphere in Cystosira 65 Palmer, T. C. & F. J. Keeley — Structure of the Diatom Girdle 65 Nelson, E. M. — Actinocyclus Ralfsii 66 Schmidt's Atlas der Diatomaceen-Kunde 66 Iwanoff, L. — Stigeoclonium & > Lemmermann, E., & others — Plankton Algm '17 Dangeard, P. A. — Development 'of Pandorin a morum 67 Gaidukoy, N. — Chromulina Rosanoflii 68 Moore, T. — Chlorocystis Cohnii Reinhardt 68 Agardh's Analecta Algologica 185 ■XXV 111 CONTENTS. Kosenyinge, L. Kolderit — Wiodocliorton islandicum, a new) terrestrial Floridea 18t"> Hirn, Karl E. — Rings in (Edogonium 187 Macmillan. C. — Bessonia 187 Wisselingh, C. yan — Nuclear Division in Spirogyra 187 „ „ Multinucleated Cells of spirogyra 187 Norlhausen — Branching of Cladophora and of some Monosiphonous Algse. .. . . 18S Winkler. H., & F. Noll — Polarity and Regeneration of Bryopsis 188 C'hodat, R., & Cretier — Nuclei of the Bower Algse 188 Chodat, R., & Grintzesco — Pure Cultures of the Bower Algee 189 Matrixhot, L., & Molltard — Variations in the Structure of a Green Alga in Different Media 18!' Barton, Ethel, S. — Galls on Seaweeds 305 Hansteen, B. — Fucosan 306 Muller, O. — Chambers and Pores in the Cell-wall of Diatoms 300 Voigt, M. — Gelatinous Membrane of Diatoms 306 Benecke, W. — Colourless Diatoms 306 Gran, H. H. — Arctic Diatoms •• ■• 307 Schmidle, W. — Gongrosira 307 „ „ Coccomyxa g. n 307 Z^charias, O. — Winter-Plankton of Barger and Smaller Balces 307 Blackman, F. F. — Primitive Algx and Flagellata 308 Trotter, A. — Galls on Algse 441 Sebor, J. — Carbohydrate of Carrageen-moss 442 Timberlake, H. G. — Swarmspore Formation in Hydrodictyon 442 Richards, H. M. — Ceramothamnion, a Neiv Genus of Floridese 562 Heydrich, F. — Tetrasporange of Polysiphonia 563 Mt ller, O. — Cltambers and Pores in the Cell-wall of Diatoms 563 Foslie, M. — Melobesiese 675 Letts & J. Hawthorne — Uha lalissima and its relation to the Pollution of Sea- Water 676 Merbeck, S. — Dictyosiphon 676 Bessey, C. E. — Classification of Desmidiacese 676 Keeley, F. — Structure of Diatoms 676 Liburnau, Lorenz y. — JEgagropila 677 Prowasek, S. — Transplantation and Structure of Protoplasm in Bryopsis .. .. 677 Howe, M. A. — Acicularia and Acetabulum 677 Galdieri, G. A. — Thermal Alga 677 Fungi. Dangeard, P. A. — Sexual Reproduction in Fungi 68 Wehmer, C. — Chinese Yeast and Amylomyces 68 Brefeld, O. — Parasitism of the Ustilagineas 69 Penzig, O. — Mycosyrinx 69 Harper, R. A. — Sexual Reproduction in Pyronema and the Morphology of the Ascocarp 69 Starback, K., & others — New Genera of Fungi 70 Salmon, E. S. — Erysiphacex 72 Beauverie, J., & C. Yaney — Isaria arbuscula 72 Salmon, E. S., & others — Parasitic Fungi 72 Macfadyen, A., & others — Expressed Yeast-cell Plasma 72 Allescher, A. — RabenhorsVs Cry ptogamic Flora of Germany 73 Scofield, C. S. — Dictyophora Ravenelii 73 Dangeard, P. A. — Reproduction of Polyphagus Euglenx 189 Raciborski & others — New Genera of Fungi 189 Rothwell, T. A. — Experimental Aspergillosis 190 Teknetz, Charlotte — Movements of the Protoplasm and Formation of Hie Repro- ductive Organs in Ascophanus car neus 190 Montemartini, L. — Structure of the Melanconiese 190 Hodson, E. R., & others — Parasitic Fungi l!)l Schrenck, H. yon — Fungus Diseases of Conifers 192 CONTENTS. XXIX Gobi, C. — Fungi Parasitic on Green Alga 192 Hansex, E. C. — Variation of Saccharomyces 192 Maibe, JJ. — Cytology of the Gasteromyeetes .. 192 Klocker, A., & II. ISciiionning — Boring Growth and the Abnormal Formation of Conids in Dematium pullulans 19$ Magnus, Werner — Endotrophic Mycorhiza of Neottia nidus-avis 193 Kohnstamm, P. — Enzymes of Fungi ■• • 308 Sitnikoff, A., & W. Rommel — Amylomyces 308 Descours-Desacke, M. — Propagation of Nedria ditissitna 308 Golden, K. E. — Saccharomije.es anomalus 309 „ „ Proteolytic Enzyme of Yeast 309 Bokorny, Th. — Sensitiveness of certain Yeast Enzymes to Protoplasm Poisons . . 309 Klein, E. — Pathogenic Yeast in Milk - 309 Meissnek, R. — Appearance and Disappearance of Glycogen in the Yeast-cell .. .. 309 Guilliekmond, M. — Oidiumlactis 310 Klebahn, H. — Culture of Dredinem 310 Brunstein, A. — Decomposition of Glucosides by Mould-Fungi 310 Gueguen, F. — Myceles in Pharmaceutical Solutions 310 Thiselton-Dyer, W. T., & A. Howard — Sugar-Cane Diseases 310 Guilliekmond, M. — Structure of the Lower Fungi •. •• 311 Pirotta, R., & A. Albini — Development of Terfezia 311 Lagerheim, G. — New Fungus Pathogenic to Tylenchus agrostidis 311 Duggar, B. M. — Germination of Fungus-spores 442 Smith, Mary H. — Sources of Nitrogen for Fungi 442 Hennings, P., & others — New Genera of Fungi 442 Berlese, A. N. — Peronosporacem 443 Pall a, E. — Pilobolus 443 luVDu'R.— Chytridiacex 443 Jaczewski, A. von, & others — Parasitic Fungi 444 Gcilliermond, A — Histological Researches on the Sporulation of Yeasts .. . . 445 Kayser, E. — Intracellular Nutrition of Yeast 445 Hennings, P. — Adaptation of the Urediueas to their Substratum 445 Gobi, C. — Fulminaria mucophila g.n 445 Maire, R. — Cytology of the Hymenomycetes 446 Marpmann, G. — Merulius lacrymans 446 Kindermann. V. — " Bleeding" of Stereum sanguinolentum 446 Biffen, R. H. — Spore-formation of Acrospeira 446 Foulerton A. — Sporothrix Schenckii 447 M" Alpine, D. — Phosphorescent Fungi 564 Went, F. A. F. O. — Enzyme of Monilia sitophila 564 Dangeard, P. A. — Sporange of Cystopus Tragopogonis 564 (i ruber, E. — Behaviour of tlie Cell-nucleus in the Zygospores of Sporodinia grandis . . 564 Kolkwitz, R. — Biology of Leptomitus lacteus 56."! Dangeard, P. A. — Tihizophagus populinus 565 „ „ Chytridium transversum 565 Biffen, R. H. — Biology of Bulgaria 5H5 Thaxter, R. — New Genus and Species of Laboulbeniacex 565 Barker, B. T. P. — Conjugating Yeast, Zygosaccharomyces g. n. 565 Guilliermond, A. — Sporulation of Schizosaccharomycetes 566 Lindner, P. — Fermentation Experiments with Different Yeasts and Sugars .. .. 567 Bokorny, Th. — Albumin in Yeast 567 IjOMMEL — Yeast Cultivated from Intestinal Contents .. 567 Arthur, J. G, & others — Parasitic Fungi 567 Fischer, E. — Vredinese 568 Allescher, A. — Babenhorst's Cryptogamie Flora of Germany. &c. (Fungi im- perfecti) 568 Banker, H. J. — Hydnum 568 Hesselman, II . — Mycorhiza of Arctic Plants 568 Vuillemin, P. — Trichosporum Beigelii 56'.) Oltmanns, F. — Sexuality of Fungi 677 Moller, A. — Phycomycetes and Ascomycetes 678 Trow, A. H. — Biology and Cytology of Pythium ultimum sp. n 67S XXX CONTEXTS. PAGE Wildeman, E. de — New Chytridiacex 079 Lesage, P. — Germination of the Spores of Penic ill turn 679 Wehmbr, C. — Aspergillus 679 Neger, F. W. — Biology of the Erysiphem 679 Gosio, B. — Arsenic Fungi 680 Massee, G., & E. S. Salmon — Coprophilous Fungi 680 Patouillakd, N., & others — New Genera of Fungi 681 Ikeno, S. — Formation of Spores in Taphrina 681 Boudier, E., & others — Parasitic Fungi 682 Baur, E. — Origin and Development of the Apothece of Lichens 683 Wehmer, C, & T. Chrzaszcz — Chinese Yeast .." 683 Holtz, W., & F. Ludwig — Fungus-slime of Trees 683 Maopadyen, A. — Agglutination of Yeast ' 6S4 Droba, St. — Place of the Parasite of Tuberculosis among Fungi 684 Pound, R. — Sterigmatocystis Candida Saccardo 684 Vuillemin, P. — Microspore um Audouini 684 Mycetozoa. Gorini, C. — Mycetozoic Infection of the Cornea 74 Harper, W. A. — Cell and Nuclear Division in Fuligo carta us 194 Tovmey, J. W.— Crown- Gall 194 Sturgis, W. C. — Type-Specimens of Myxomycetes 311 Olive, E. W. — Affinities of the Mycetozoa 447 Ensch, N. — Culture of Myxomycetes 447 Harshberger, J. W. — Feeding Plasmodes of Fuligo 447 Jaiin, E. — Dictydium unibilicatum 569 Protophyta. a. Schizophyceae Zopf, W. — Polycystin 312 Wille, N. — Chlorogloza, a New Genus of Cyanophyceie 312 (Juodat, R. — New Genera of Prolococcoidex 448 Macchiati, L. — Phormidium 448 Brand, F. — Boundary-cells and Cell-contents of the Cyanophyceie 570 Moore, G. T. — Eremosphsera viridis 684 Hegler, R. — Cell-structure of Phycochromacese (jCyanophycese) .. .. .. .. 684 Bouilhac, It. — Nostoc punctiforme 685 B. Sckizomycetes. Maux, H., & F. Woithe — Colourable Granules in the Bacterial Cell 74 Cowie, D. M. — Occurrence of Acid-resisting Bacilli in the Lower Animals .. .. 74 Aoyama & Miyamoto — New Patliogenic Streptothrix 74 Klein, E. — 1'ico new Pyogenic Microbes 74 Weinzirl, J. — Bacterial Flora of American Cheddar Cheese 75 Hellstrom, F. E. — Bacillus microbutyricus 75 Schipin, D. — Koumiss Bacillus .. 75 Thomann, J.— Microbe of Stringy Bread 76 Lubarsch, O. — Tubercle Bacilli in Frogs 76 Flexner, S. — JEtiology of Tropical Dysentery 76 Bern ivr, E. — Changes in Anthrax in Decomposing Blood 77 Danysz, J. — Immunisation of Anthrax against Rat Serum 77 Nikolsky — Feeding Animals on Food contaminated with Anthrax Spore* .. .. 77 Matzuschita, T. — Lass of Liquefactive Power of Anthrax 77 Merlin, A. A. — Structural Division of the Endoplasm in Plague Bacilli .. .. 78 (Jaldas, P. — Relations of the Coli Bacillus to Plague and Yelloio Fever .. . . . . 78 Hayashi, H.— Chemical Nature of Tetanus Toxin 78 Mi'LLER, P. — Bactericidal and Agglutinative Properties of Pyocyaneus Serum .. 78 Strada, F., & R. Traina — Bacterium pneumonia caviarum 78 CONTENTS. XXXI Uobbett, L. — Diphtheria in Horses 79 Cottet, J., & H. Tissier — Streptococcus decolorised by Gram's Method 79 Napias — Action of Anthrax on Carbohydrates 79 Mayer, G. — Effect of Acid-resisting Bacteria of the Tubercle Group on Animals .. 79 Esuheuich — ^Etiology of Dysentery 80 Cantani, A., Jun. — Influence of One Organism on the Growth of Another .. .. J 94 Jordan, E. 0. — Bacterial Self -Purification of Streams 195 Hansen, E. C. — Vitality of Acetifying Bacteria 195 Kalischer, 0. — Biology of Peptonizing Milk Bacteria 195 Hefferan, Mary — New Chromogenic Micrococcus 195 Chodat, R., & N. 0. Hofman-Bang — Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cheese Ripening . . 196 Schierbeue, N. P. — Variability in Lactic Acid Bacteria in relation to their Fer- mentative Power 196 Smith, R. Greig — Bacterial Flora of the Sydney Water Supply 196 Weinzirl, J. — Bacterial Flora of New Mexico 197 Stein, W. — Bacteriology of Ozsena 197 Ramrousek, J. — Diagnosis of Bacterium typhi from Barter ium coli 198 Rf.my, L. — Antagonism of the Bacillus coli and the Bacillus typhosus 198 Reed, W., & J. Carroll — Relations of Bacillus X, Bacillus icteroides, and the Bacillus of Hog-Cholera 198 Oalli-Valerio, B. — Morphology of the Plague Bacillus and Transmission of the Bacterium by the Fleas of Mice and Rats 1 99 Leent, J. B. van — Behaviour of Anthrax in the Peritoneal Sac 199 Bibliography 199 Smith, Lorrain, A. — Myxobacteria .. .. 312 Macfadyen, A. — Effect of Physical Agents on Bacterial Life .. .. .. .. 312 Burrage, S. — Insects as Factors in the Spread of Bacterial Diseases 312 Ransome, A., & A. G. R. Follerton — Influence of Ozone on some Pathogenic and other Bacteria 312 Scholt, A. — Penetration of the Intestinal Wall by Bacteria 313 Schmidt-Nielsen, S. — Biology of Marine Bacteria .. .. 313 Matzuschita, Teisi — New Bacteria 313 Lagerheim, G. — Sai-cinastruin Urosporx g. et sp. n 315 Stutzer, A., & R. Hartleb — Micro-organisms of Nitre-formation 315 Wright, A. E. — Bactericidal Power of the Blood 316 Oarriere, G. — Soluble Ferment 'in Cultures of Bacillus tuberculosis 316 Klein, E. — Pathogenic Microbes in Milk 316 Smith, E. F. — Pseudomonas hyacinthi 317 Potter, M. C, & others — Bacterial Disease of the Turnip 317 Jones, L. R. — Bacillus car otovor us s p. n 318 Chamot, E. M., & G. Thiry — Pigment of Bacillus polychromogenes 318 Durham, H. E., & W. Myers — New Bacterium found in Yellow Fever 318 Grimbekt, L. — Production of Acetylmethylcarbinol by Bacillus tartar icus .. .. 318 Bezancon & others — Cultures of the Microbe of the Soft Chancre 319 Addario, C — Bacteriological Investigations on Trachoma 319 Berard, L., & J. Nicolas— Resistance of Spores of Actinomyces 319 Schultz, N. K. — Vitality of the Plague Bacillus 319 Uhlenhuth & A. Westphal — Distribution of Leprosy Bacilli 319 Mayer, G. — Morphology of the Glanders Bacillus 320 Nepfeld, L. — Smegma Bacilli 320 Copeman, S. M. — Micro-organism of Distemper and Distemper Vaccine 320 Lode, A. — Immunity of Mice to Micrococcus tetragenus 320 Bibliography 320 Beijerinck, M. W. — Hereditary Varicdion of Microbes 448 Bendix, E. — Chemistry of Bacteria 448 Matzuschita, T. — Influence of Temperature and Nutriment on the Motility of Bacteria 449 Saltet, R. H. — Reduction of Sulphates in Brackish Water by Bacteria 449 Ford, W. W. — Aerobic Spore-bearing. Bacilli 449 Reich enbach, H. — Branching of Spirilla 449 Stutzer, A. — Organisms of Nitrification 450 Ford, W. W. — Bacteriology of Normal Organs 450 XXX11 CONTEXTS. PAGE Beijerinck, M. W. — New Urea-Bacteria 45U Santschi, F. F. — Parasites on the Seals of " Cabinets d'aisance" 451 Klein, E. — Behaviour of certain Pathogenic Microbes in Milk, Cream, and Cheese . . 451 Thompson, J. A. — ^Etiology of Plague 451 Nicolai, K. H. — Bacteriological Researches on the Boots and Seeds of Hedysarum coronarium 451 Pierce, Nkwton B. — Bacteriosis of Walnut 452 Ivanowski — Mosaic Disease of the Tobacco Plant 452 Perez, F. — Bacteriology of Ozsena 452 Borrel, A. — Parasitic Theories of Cancer .. .. .. 452 Lewkowicz, X. — Enterococcus of Dysentery 452 Klein, E. — Pseudo-tuberculosis 453 „ „ Negative Acid-fast Phase of Tubercle Bacilli 453 Bodin, E., & C. Lenormand — Production of Casease by a Parasitic Streptothrix .. 453 Harris, N. — New Pathogenic Anaerobic Bacillus 454 Sacquepee, E. — Secondary Infection by Bacillus mesentericus 454 Harden, A. — Chemical Action of Bacillus coli communis and Similar Organic, ms 071 Carbohydrates and Allied Compounds 454 Pakes, W. (J. C. — Life- History of Bacillus coli communis 455 Grimbert, L., & G. Legros — Modification of the Functions of Bacillus coli .. .. 455 Horrocks, W. H. — Varieties of Bacillus coli isolated from Typhoid and Normal Dejecta 455 Gushing, H. — Pathogenic Bacilli intermediate between the Typhoid and Colon Groups 455 Martin, T. — Growth of the Typhoid Bacillus in Soil 450 Sacqcepee, E. — Variability of the Agglutinative Aptitude of the Typhoid Bacillus . . 456 Beijerinck, M. W. — Accumulation Experiments with Bacteria Decomposing Car- bamide 456 Ostrianine — Bactericidal Properties of Blood Serum 457 Tarchanoff, G. — Light of the Phosphorescent Bacteria of the Baltic 570 Smith, E. F. — Bacterial Diseases of Plants 571 Hiltner, L. — Bacteroids of Leguminosx Nodules 571 Rodella, A. — Acidophilus Bacteria .. 571 Klein, E. — Differential Diagnosis of certain Anaerobes 572 Holscher — Acid-fast Tubercle-like Schizomycetes 572 Greig-Smith, R. — Clouding of White Wine 573 „ „ Bacterial Flora of Sydney Water Supply 573 Jordin, E. O. — Relative Abundance of Bacillus coli communis in River Water . . 573 Bertrand, G., & R. Savehnac — Biochemical Difference between tivo principal Vinegar Ferments 574 Kling, A. — Oxidation of Propylglycol by Mycoderma Aceti 574 Paladino-Blandini — Active Principle of Typhoid Cultures . . . . 574 Rullmann, W. — Bacillus terrestris sporigenes 574 Saul, E. — Morphology of Staphylococcus albus .. .. 574 Greig-Smith, R. — Vibrio bresmix 575 Freymuth — Action of Grass Bacillus ii. on Cold-blooded Animals 575 Arkovt, J., & J. Madzsar — Bacillus gangrasme pulpae 575 Gache, Ar. — Branched Filaments in Diphtheria Cultures 576 Gottstein, A., & H. Michaelis — Destruction of Tubercle Bacilli in Oil 576 Lesage & Delmer — Microbe of the D iarrhcea of Young Calves 576 Edington, A. — Rat Plague 576 Malpeaux, L.— Inoculation of the Soil with Alinit 577 Nakanishi, K. — Structure of Bacteria 685 Geklach & Vogel — Albumen-forming Bacteria 686 Meyer, A. — Branching of Bacteria 687 Beijerinck, M. W. — Oligonitrophilous Microbes and the Genus Azotobacter .. .. 687 Metchnikopf, O. — Influence of Microbes on the Development of Tu dpi >b ■>• .. .. 688 Harrison, F. C. — Ripening of Cheese and the role of Micro-organisms in the process 688 Beijerinck, M. W. — Photo-bacteria as a Reagent in the Investigation of the Chloro- phyll Function 688 Delacroix, G. — Bacterial Disease of the Potato 689 Ray, M. J. — Bacillus putrefaciens sp. n., a new Parasite on Plants 689 Klett, A.,& E. Jacobitz — Spore-formation of Anthrax under Anaerobic Condition* (89 CONTENTS. XXX111 Lemherhann, O., & others — Be nitrification 689 Zilberberg, A., & J. Zeliony — Negative Chemiotaxis of Leucocytes 690 Harrison, F. C. — Agglutinating Substance 690 Friedberger, E. — Importance of Inorganic Salts and Organic Crystalloids in the Agglutination of Bacteria 690 Edel, P. — Presence of Typhoid Bacilli in Sputum 690 Moreno, J. M. — Neio Species of Ascobacillus .. 691 Meyer — Bacteriology of Acute Articular Rheumatism 691 De Lille & Jcllien — Bacillus isolated from the Bh>o2 Tandler, J. — Microscopic Injections with Cold, Fluid Gelatin 602 Richards, B. R. — Apparatus and Method for rapidly Staining large numbers of Sputum Specimens (Figs. 162 and 163) •"•' 712 Pitfield, R. L. — Ammonium Persulphate as a Decolorising Fluid for Staining Spores and Sputum 713 Spuler, A. — New Staining Method 714 Kisskalt, C. — Modification of Gram's Method 714 Hari, P. — Modification of Hoyers Thionin Stain 714 Leishman, W. B — Simple and Rapid Method of Producing Romanowslnj Staining of Blood-Films 715 Makgill, R. H., & W. G. Savage — Neutral Red for Detecting Bacillus Coli in Water 715 (5) Mounting-, including- Slides, Preservative Fluids, &c. Schaffner, J. H. — Mounting in Glycerin 94 Tatham, J. F. W. — Media for Mounting Diatoms „. 94 Lavdovsky, M. — Neiv Fixative Solution and Method for Restoring Old Specimens 217 Scott, G. — Formalin as a Wet Method for Blood-Films .. . . 217 Bryan, G. H. — Mounting Desmids 218 Marpmann, G. — New Formula for Preserving Zoological and Anatomical Specimens 602 Madan. H. G. — Colloid Form of Piperine, its Refractive and Dispersive Powers (Fig. 130) 603 xl CONTENTS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. l'AC.K Meeting, December 19, 1900 102 Annual Meeting, January 16, 1901 107 Keport of the Council for 1900 107 Treasurer's Account for 1900 109 Meeting, February 20, 1901 224 March 20 , 226 April 17, „ 346 May 15, „ 349 Special General Meeting, June 19, 1901 473 Meeting, June 19, 1901 .. . 474 October 16, 1901 723 November 20 „ 727 >» Index of New Biological Terms 733 General Index to Volume 735 t \ JOUmR.MCR SOC 1901 Pll. FWMillettad.ad.nat- West, N ewman litk. FORAMINIFERA OF. MALAY ARCHIPELAGO. * 7 if JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY. FEBRUARY 1901. TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY. I.— Report on the Recent Foraminifera of the Malay Archipelago collected hy Mr. A. Durrand, F.R.M.S.—Part X. By Fortescue William Millett, F.R.M.S. (Read February 20th, 1901.) Plate I. Sub-family Cassidulininse. Cassidulina d'Orbigny. Cassidulina laevigata d'Orbigny. Cassidulina laevigata d'Orbigny, 1826, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. vii. p. 282 (No. 1), pi. xv. figs. 4, 5 ;— Modele No. 41. C. laevigata (d'Orb.) Bradv, Parker, and Jones, 1888, Trans. Zool. Soc, vol. xii. p. 221, pi. xliii. fig. 11. C. laevigata (d'Orb.) Terrigi, 1889, Mem. R. Accad. Lincei, ser. 4, vol. vi. p. Ill, pi. v. fig. 9. C. laevigata (d'Orb.) Egger, 1893, Abhancll. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1. — Mimosina affinis sp. n. x 00. In fig. J la, plate IV. the inferior aperture is wrongly depicted ; the present figure is intended to correct it. „ 2, 3. — Chilostomella ovoidea Reuss. Fig. 2 x GO; fig. 3 x 75. „ 4. — Seabroohia pellucid a Bi&dy. x 135. 5. — Lagena ampulla-di 'stoma Ry. Jones, x 75. rudis Reuss. x 75. variata Brady, x 75. costata Williamson sp. var. x 100. spumosa sp. n. x 100. Isevis Montagu sp., var. distoma Silvestri. x 100. Chaster i sp. n. x 100. pannosa sp. n. Fig. 12 x 110; fig. 13 x 90. „ var. x 100. foveolata Reuss. x 100. 1901 b 6. 7. 91 8. 9. 1* 10. 11. I9 13 A-, 1.). ,, 14. It 15. ?* Feb. 20th 2 Transactions of the Society. xviii. p. 302, pi. vii. figs. 47, 48, 54-5G. C. laevigata (D'Orb.) Goes, 1894, K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. xxv. p. 43, pi. viii. figs. 418-420. C. laevigata (d'Orb.) A. Silvestri, 1896, Mem. Pontif. Accad. Nuovi Lincei, vol. xii. p. 103, pi. ii. fig. 10. This is a very rare form in the Malay Archipelago, and has been observed only at Station 10, in Area 1. Cassidulina crassa d'Orbigny. Cassidulina crassa d'Orbigny, 1843, Foram. Arner. Merid., p. 56, pi. vii. figs. 18-20. C. crassa (d'Orb.) Egger, 1893, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xviii. p. 303, pi. vii. figs. 35, 36. G. crassa (d'Orb.) Goes, 1894, K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. xxv. p. 43, pi. viii. figs. 421, 422. C. crassa Egger, 1895, Jahres- bericht xvi. Naturhist. Ver. Passau, p. 19, pi. ix. fig. 19. G. crassa (d'Orb.) A. Silvestri, 1896, Mem. Pontif. Acead. Nuovi Lincei, vol. xii. p. 104, pi. ii. figs. 11, 12. G. crassa (d'Orb.) Morton, 1897, Proc. Portland Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. ii. p. 116, pi. i. fig. 12. G. crassa (d'Orb.) Flint, 1899, Kept. U.S. Nat. Mus. for 1897 (1899), p. 292, pi. xxxviii. fig. 3. C. crassa (d'Orb.) Wright, 1900, Geol. Mag., dec. 4, vol. vii. p. 100, pi. v. fig. 11. This is less rare than C. laevigata, and is found at Stations in both Areas. Family CEILOSTOMELLIDM GMlostomella Keuss. Ghilostomella ovoidea Keuss, plate I. figs. 2, 3. GMlostomella ovoidea Keuss, 1850, Denkschr. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. i. p. 380, pi. xlviii. fig. 12. G. ovoidea (Keuss) Sherborn and Chapman, 1889, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 485, pi. xi. fig. 12. G. ovoidea (Reuss) Dreyer, 1891, Jenaische Zeitschr. fur Naturwiss., vol. xxvi. p. 271. G. ovoidea (Reuss) Egger, 1893, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xviii. p. 305, pi. ix. figs. 1, 2. G. ovoidea (Reuss) Silvestri, 1893, Atti e Kendic. Accad. Sci. Lett, e Arti dei Zelanti e P.P. dello Studio di Acireale, vol. v. p. 201, pi. vi. fig. 2. C. ovoidea (Keuss) Goes, 1894, K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. xxv. p. 53, pi. ix. figs. 512-516. In the robust form, fig. 2, the shell is dense and opaque, with a granular surface. The more attenuated specimens, fig. 3, are sufficiently transparent to allow of the internal chambers being seen, and the shell-wall is smooth, with a few opaque white dots scattered over its surface. The principal variation is in the relative length of the successive chambers, and on this depends the comparative stoutness or attenua- tion of the contour of the test. I Report on Foraminifera. By F. W. Millett. 3 It is not uncommon at Station 25, in Area 2, but has not been observed at any other locality in the region. Seabroolcia Brady. Seabrookia pellucida Brady, plate I. fig. 4. Seabroohia pellucida Brady, 1890, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 570, figs. 60, la-c, 2. S. pellucida (Brady) Wright, 1891, Proc. li. Irish Acad., ser. 3, vol. i. p. 476, pi. xx. fig. 5. About twelve years ago Mr. W. H. Harris, then of Cardiff, obtained from the late Captain Seabrook some dredgings from the Java Seas. These were distributed amongst various rhizopodists, and excited much attention from the number of interesting forms contained in them. It was from these dredgings that Mr. Harris procured the specimens of the new genus Seabrookia which formed the subject of a paper by the late Dr. H. B. Brady, published in this Journal in the year 1890. The differences between Seabrookia and Chilostomella are so slight that it is questionable if they are of generic value ; quite as much variation exists amongst the forms assigned by common consent to the genus Lagena. The chief difference is in the form and position of the aperture ; whilst in Seabrookia these are remarkably uniform, in Chilostomella they vary very much, as shown in the specimens figured by Sherborn and Chapman, Kzehak, Franzenau, and Silvestri. This is, however, a question which must be decided by future researches. The 3Ialay specimens vary so slightly that it is difficult to dis- tinguish one individual from another. It occurs at several Stations in both Areas, but is nowhere numerous. The localities named by Brady and Joseph Wright are, off Cebu, 120 fathoms, Java Sea, 45 fathoms, and 'Challenger' material from Station 33, off Bermudas, 435 fathoms. Family LAGENIDM. Sub-family Lageninae. Lagena Walker and Boys. Group of Lagena globosa. Lagena globosa Montagu sp. Serpula (Lagena) Isevis globosa Walker and Boys, 1784, Test. Min., p. 3, pi. i. fig. 8. Vermiculum globosum Montagu, 1803, Test. Brit., p. 523. Lagena globosa (Montagu) Brown, 1844, Illustr. Kec. Conch. Gt. Brit., p. 126, pi. lvi. fig. 37. L. globosa var. major Uhlig, 1886, Jahrb. k. k. Geol. Keichs., vol. xxxvi. p. 167, fig. 1. L. globosa, (Montagu) Sherborn and Chapman, 1886, Journ. K. Micr. Soc, p. 744, b 2 4 Transactions of the Society. pi. xiv. fig. 11. L. globosa (Montagu) Haeusler, 1887, Neues Jahrb. fur Min., vol. i. p. 181, pi. iv. figs. 1-18. L. globosa (Montagu) Brady, 1888, Geol. Mag., dee. 3,' vol. v. p. 481, pi. xiii. figs. 1-3. L. globosa (Montagu) Mariani, 1889, Boll. Soc. Geol. Italia, vol. vii. p. 285, pi. x. figs. 3. 4. L. globosa (Montagu) Terrigi, 1889, Mem. K. Accad. Lincei, ser. 4, vol. vi. p. Ill, pi. v. fig. 10 ; pi. vi. figs. 4-6. L. globosa (Montagu) Burrows, Sherborn, and Bailey, 1890, Journ. R. Micr. Soc., p. 555, pi. ix. figs. 1, 4. L. globosa (Walker and Boys) Haeusler, 1890, Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, vol. xvii. p. 84, pi. xiii. figs. 5-9. L. globosa (Montagu) Terrigi, 1891, Mem. K. Com. Geol. Italia, vol. iv. p. 77, pi. ii. fig. 1. L. globosa (Montagu) Mariani, 1891. Boll. Soc. Geol. Italia, vol. x. p. 725, pi. xxi. fig. 7. L. globosa (Montagu) Cbapman, 189.>>, Journ. B. Micr. Soc, p. 579, pi. viii. fig. 1. L. globosa (Montagu) Mariani, 1893, Ann. Istit. teen. Udine, ser. 2, vol. xi. (p. 22) pi. i. fig. 7. L. globosa (Montagu) Egger, 1893, Abhandl. k. haver. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xviii. p. 323, pi. x. fig. 69. L. globosa (Montagu) Haeusler, 1893, Abliandl. schweiz. pal. Gesell., vol. xx. p. 11, pi. i. figs. 1-13. L. globosa (Reuss) Grzybowski, 1894, Rozprawy Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiej-Krakowie, vol. xxix. p. 189, pi. i. fig. 15. L. globosa (W. and J.) Goes, 1894, K. Svenska Vet.- Akad. Handl., vol. xxv. p. 77, pi. xiii. fig. 741. L. globosa (Montagu) Jones, 1895, Paleont. Soc, p. 177, pi. i. fig. 32 (1866). L. globosa (Montagu) Perner, 1897, Ceska Akad. Cesare Frantiska Josefa (Paleont. Bohemica, No. 4) p. 19, pi. vii. figs. 4, 6, and fig. 17 in text. L. globosa (Montagu) Morton, 1897, Proc. Portland Sci. Nat. Hist., vol. ii. p. 116, pi. i. fig. 1. L. globosa (Montagu) Egger, 1899, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xxi. p. 102, pi. v. fig. 3. L. globosa (Montagu) Flint, 1899, Rep. U.S. Nat. Mus. for 1897 (1899), p. 306, pi. liii. fig. 4. L. globosa (W. and B.) Kiaer, 1900, Rep. on Norwegian Fishery and Marine Investigation, vol. i. No. 7, p. 39, pi. fig. 17. L. globosa (Montagu) Silvestri, 1900, Mem. Pontif. Accad. Nuovi Lincei, vol. xvii. p. 244, pi. vi. figs. 30, 40. Williamson, in his ' Recent Foraminifera of Great Britain,' having regard to the resemblance in contour of the tests, associates L. lineata with L. globosa ; Brady, in his ' Challenger ' Report on the Forami- nifera, attaching greater importance to surface ornamentation, places it with L. striata. There are advantages and disadvantages connected with each method, but on the whole the Lagense seem to fall into more natural groups when arranged in accordance with the general shape of the test, than when the character of the surface is taken as the basis of classification. There are usually assigned to L. globosa two distinct forms ; in one of these the test is thin and inflated, inclined to be opaque, and possessing a well developed internal tube. In the other the test is very thick and transparent, the shape pyriform, and the aperture surrounded with radiating striae. Amongst these latter are doubtless Report on Foraminifera. By F. W. Millet t. 5 included many specimens which are nothing more nor less than arrested growths of Nodosaria and Polymorphina. Both forms are to be found in the Malay Archipelago, and they are evenly distributed over the whole of the region, although nowhere abundantly. Lagena apiculata Reuss. Oolina apiculata Reuss, 1851, Haidinger's Naturw. Abhandl., vol. iv. Abth. 1, p. 22, pi. i. fig. 1. Lagena apiculata Reuss, 1862, Sitzber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xlvi. (1863) p. 318, pi. i. tigs. 1, 4-8, 10, 11. L. apiculata (Reuss) Sherborn and Chapman, 1886, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 744, pi. xiv. fig. 14. L. apiculata (Reuss) Haeusler, 1887, Neues Jahrb. fur Min., vol. i. p. 182, pi. iv. tigs. 19-30. L. apiculata (Reuss) Mariani, 1889, Boll. Soc. Geol. Ital., vol. vii. p. 2b5, pi. x. fig. 5. L. globosa (Montagu) Burrows, Sherborn, and Bailey, 1890, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 554, pi. ix. tig. 2 ; and L. api- culata (Reuss), p. 555, pi. ix. figs. 6, 7, 9-11. L. globosa (Montagu) Haeusler, 1890, Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, vol. xvii. p. 84, pi. xiii. figs. 3-lU ; and L. apiculata (Reuss) p. 85, pi. xiii. figs. 11, 12, 14, and pi. xv. fig. 43. L. apiculata var. odontostoma de Amicis, 1893, Boll. Soc. Geol. Italia, vol. sii. p. 352, pi. iii. fig. 9. L. apiculata (Reuss) Haeusler, 1893, Abhandl. schweiz. pal. Gesell., vol. xx. p. 14, pi. i. figs. 25-27, 34, 35. L. apiculata (Reuss) Chapman, 1893, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 581, pi. viii. figs. 2, 3. L. apiculata (Reuss) Goes, 1S94, K. Svenska Yet.- Akad. Handl., vol. xxv. p. 80, pi. xiii. fig. 747. L. apiculata (Reuss) Jones, 1895, Paleont. Soc, p. 179, pi. i. fig. 27 (I860). L. apiculata ( Keuss) _Egger, 1899, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xxi. p. 103, pi. v. fig. 32. L. apiculata (Reuss) Chapman, 1900, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. lvi. p. 258, pi. xv. fig. 3. Bearing in mind that most, if not all, of the Lagenee have their apiculate condition, it seems unnecessary to endow each with a separate name ; but pending an entire reform of the classification, it may cause less inconvenience lor the present if these names be retained. The form is rare in the Malay Archipelago, but is widely dis- tributed. Lagena ampulla- distoma Ry. Jones, plate I. fig. 5. L. vulgaris var. ampulla- distoma Ry. Jones, 1872, Trans. Linn. Soc, vol. xxx. p. 63, pi. xix. fig. 52. L. ampulla-distoma (Ry. Jones) Brady, 1884, Chall. Rept., p. 458, pi. lvii. tig. 5. This is a form of L. globosa which is not only apiculate, but roughened on the surface. The process at the base of the acuminate Lagense may be either solid, or,;_as in; the present instance, tubular. Whether or not the difference's worthy of varietal distinction is very doubtful. It is by no means a rare form in the Malay Archipelago, and the 6 Transactions of the Society. specimens are well developed. It occurs in considerable abundance all over the Region. Rymer Jones procured it from ten miles south of Sandalwood Island, in the Java Seas, 1080 fathoms. The 'Challenger' Station is Raine Island, Torres Strait, 155 fathoms. There seems to be no other record of its occurrence. Lagena hispida Reuss. " Sphaerulae hispidee" Soldani, 1798, Testaceographia, vol. ii. p. 53, pi. xvii. V, X. Lagena hispida Reuss, 1858. Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Gesell., vol. x. p. 434. L. hispida (Reuss) Haeusler, 1887, Neues Jahrb. fur Min., vol. i. p. 185, pi. v. fig. 7-11. L. hispida (Reuss) Haeusler, 1890, Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, vol. xvii. p. 88, pi. xiii. figs. 21-24. L. hispida (Reuss) Chapman, 1893, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 582, pi. viii. figs. 9, 10. L. hispida (Reuss) Haeusler, 1893, Abhandl. schweiz. pal. Gesell, vol. xx. p. 16, pi. i. figs. 36-47. L. hispida (Reuss) Flint, 1899, Rep. U.S. Nat. Mus. for 1897 (1899), p. 307, pi. liii. fig. 8. This variety occurs in considerable abundance, and is widely dis- tributed in the Malay Archipelago. The specimens have all the usual variations of form and structure, and comprise hispid conditions of L. globosa, L. acuminata, and L. Imvis. Lagena aspera Reuss. Lagena aspera Reuss, 1861, Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xliv. p. 305, pi. i. fig. 5. L. aspera (Reuss) Balkwill and Millett, 1884, Journ. Micr., vol. iii. p. 78, pi. ii. fig. 1. L. aspera (Reuss) Balkwill and Wright, 1885, Trans. R. Irish Acad., vol. xxviii. (Sci.) p. 337, pi. xiv. figs. 10-12. L. aspera (Reuss) Haeusler, 1887, Neues Jahrb. fur Min., vol. i. p. 185, pi. v. figs. 14-18. L. aspera (Reuss) Haeusler, 1890, Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, p. 89, pi. xiii. figs. 25, 26. L. aspera (Reuss) Terrigi, 1891, Mem. R. Com. Geol. Italia, vol. iv. p. 77, pi. ii. fig. 3. L. aspera (Reuss) Haeusler, 1893, Abhandl. schweiz. pal. Gesell., vol. xx. p. 15, pi. i. figs. 52-59. L. aspera (Reuss) Woodward and Thomas, 1893, Final Rept. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey of Minnesota, vol. iii. p. 35, pi. D, fig. 1. L. aspera (tieuss) Chapman, 1893, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 582, pi. viii. fig. S. L. aspera (Reuss) Egger, 1899, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xxi. p. 106, pi. v. fig. 10. This form is widely distributed in the Malay Archipelago, although more rare than L. hispida. The examples have the like variation of form, the most common being that of L. lineata. Lagena rudis Reuss, pi. I. fig. 6. Lagena rudis Reuss, 1863, Bull. Acad. Roy. Belgique, ser. 2, vol. xv. p. 145, pi. i. fig. 17. L. rudis Reuss, 1862, Sitzungsber. k. Report on Foraminifera. By F. W. Millett. 7 Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xlvi. (18G3) p. 336, pi. vi. fig. 82. Entosolenia rudis (Reuss) Mobius, 1880, Meersfauna Insel Mauritius, p. 90, pi. viii. tig. 10. Viewed by reflected light the surface appears, as described by Keuss, to be bedecked with knobs, between which lie weak and irregular dimples. By transmitted light these dimples are resolved into a reticulate system, which is continued over the entire test beneath tbe protuberances. It is a very rare form, and has been noticed only in Area 2. Lagena variola Brady, plate I. fig. 7. Lagena variata Brady, 1881, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. xxi. n.s. p. 61. L. variata Brady, 1884, Chall. Eept., p. 461, pi. lxi. fig. 1. This variety is not uncommon at Station 22, and occurs also at Station 10. The examples are rather feeble. The only ' Challenger ' Station is off East Moncceur Island, Bass Strait, 38 fathoms. Lagena lineata Williamson sp. Entosolenia lineata Williamson, 1848, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. i. p. 18, pi. ii. fig. 18. Lagena lineata (Will.) Reuss, 1862, Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xlvi. p. 328, pi. iv. fig. 48. L. caudata (d'Orb.) Balk will and Millett, 1884, Journ. Micr. vol. iii. p. 78, pi. i. fig. 9. L. lineata (Will.) Balkwill and Wright, 1885, Trans. R. Irish Acad., vol. xxviii. (Sci.) p. 336, pi. xiv. figs. 13-16. L. lineata (Will.) Brady, Parker, and Jones, 1888, Trans. Zool. Soc, vol. xii. p. 222, pi. xliv. fig. 33. L. lineata (Will.) Egger, 1893, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xviii. p. 326, pi. x. figs. 29, 30. The examples of this variety are typical, and are widely distributed in the Malay Archipelago, but are nowhere abundant. Besides various localities on the west coast of Europe, it has been recorded from the Abrolhos Bank, Tristan d'Acunha, Kerguelen Island, and West Australia. Lagena costata Williamson sp., plate I. fig. 8. Entosolenia costata Williamson, 1858, Rec. Foram. Gt. Britain, p. 9, pi. i. fig. 18. E. costata (Will.) Dawson, 1859, Canad. Nat., vol. iv. p. 29, figs. 6, 7. Lagena costata (Will.) Reuss, 1862, Sitz- ungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xlvi. (1863) p. 329, pi. iv. fig. 54. L. costata (Will.) Wright, 1877, Proc. Relfast Field Club (App.), p. 103, pi. iv. fiVs. 11-13. L. costata (Will.) Terquem, 1882, Mem. Soc. Geol. Fr., ser. 3, vol. ii. p. 27, pi. ix. fig. 11. L. costata (Will.) Balkwill and Wright, 1885, Trans. R. Irish Acad. vol. xxviii. (Sci.) p. 338, pi. xiv. figs. 3-5. L. costata (Will.) Haeusler, 1887, Neues Jahrb. fur Min., vol. i. p. 184, pi. v. fig. 5 ; and L. striata (d'Orb.) 8 Transactions of the Society. p. 184, pi. v. tig. 6. L. costata (Will.) Haeusler, 1890, Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, vol. xvii. p. 88, pi. xv. fig. 42. L. gracilis (Will.) Egger. 1893, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xviii. p. 328, pi. x. fig. 33. This form varies very much in the character of the sculpture of its surface. The figured specimen resembles the L. mucronulata of Eeuss.* It is not very numerous in the Malay Archipelago, but occurs at several Stations in both Areas. Lagena acuticosta Reuss. L. acuticosta Reuss, 1861, Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xliv. p. 305, pi. i. fig. 4. L. sulcata var. acuticosta (Reuss) Brady, Parker, and Jones, 1888, Trans. Zool. Soc, vol. xii. p. 222, pi. xiiv. figs. 26, 31. L. acuticosta (Reuss) Chapman, 1893, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 583, pi. viii. fig. 11. L. acuticosta (Reuss) Egger, 189:!, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. , vol. xviii. p. 329, pi. x. figs. 47, 48, 82, 83. L. acuticosta (Reuss) Jones, 1895, Paleont. Soc, p. 188, pi. i. figs. 42, 43 (1866). L. acuticosta (Reuss) Egger, 1899, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xxi. p. 106, pi. \i. fig. 62. This variety, which can hardly be separated from L. costata, has in the Malay Archipelago the same distribution, and occurs in about equal quantities. Lagena melo d'Orbigny sp. Oolina melo d'Orbigny, 1843, Foram. Arner. Merid., p. 20, pi. v. fig. 9. Lagena melo (d'Orb.) Jones, Parker, and Brady, 1866, Paleont. Soc, p. 38, pi. i. fiir. 35. L. melo (d'Orb.) Brady, Parker, and Jones, 1888. Trans. Zool. Soc, p. 222, pi. xliv. figs. 21, 24. L. melo (d Orb.) Jones, 1895, Paleont. Soc, p. 192, fig. 20. This variety is but poorly represented , the examples being few and insignificant. Lagena hexagona Williamson. Entosolenia squamosa var. hexagona Williamson, 1848, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. i. p. 20, pi. ii. fig. 23. Lagena hexagona (Will.) Jones, 1895, Paleont. Soc, p. 193, pi. vi. fig. 7, and w.c fig. 21. L. hexagona (Will.) Wright, 1900, Geol. Mag., dec 4, vol. vii. p. 100, pi. v. fig. 15. In the Malay Archipelago this is the best represented of the reticulated forms. The specimens are well grown, abundant, and are distributed all over the Region. Lagena reticulata Macgillivray sp. Lagenula reticulata Macgillivray, 1843, Hist. Moll. Animal. Aberdeen, &c, p. 38. Lagena reticulata (Macgill.) Reuss, 1862, * Sitzuugsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xlvi. 1862 (18G:]) p. 329, pi. iv. fig. 52. Report on Foraminifera. By F. W. Millett. 9 Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xliv. p. 335, pi. v. figs. 67, 68. L. hexagomi ? (Will.) var. Balkwill and Millett, 1884, Journ. Micr., vol. iii." ]>. 79, pi. i. fig. 10. Entosolenia squamosa (Montagn) Dawson, 1886, Handb. Zool., p. 44, fig. 33. L. hexagona (Will.) Egger, 1893, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xviii. p. 326, pi. x. fig. 60. L. hexagona (Will.) Goes, 1891, K. Svenska Vet.- Akad. Handl., vol., xxv. p. 80, pi. xiii. fig. 746. L. reticulata (Macgill.) Jones, 1895, Paleont, Soc., p. 195, pi. iv. fig. 7 (1866). L. hexagona (Will.) Silvestri, 1896, Mem. Pontif. Acad. Nuovi Lincei, vol. xii. p. 117, pi. ii. fig. 19. This variety, distinguished by the irregularity of its meshes, is very rare in the Malay Archipelago, and the examples are by no means well developed. Lagena squamosa Montagu sp. Vermiculum squamosum Montagu, 1803, Test. Brit., p. 5*26, pi. xiv. fig. 2. Lagena squamosa (Montagu) Brown, 1827, Illustr. Rec Conch. Gt. Brit., pi. i. fig. 32. L. squamosa (Montagu) Balkwill and Wright, 1885, Trans. R, Irish Acad., vol. xxviii. (Sci.) p. 340, pi. xiv. fig. 9. L. squamosa (Montagu) Egger, 1893, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xviii. p. 326, pi. x. figs. 58, 59. L. squamosa (Montagu) Goes, 1894, K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl, vol. xxv. p. 79, pi. xiii. fig. 745. L. squamosa (Montagu) Jones, 1895, Paleont. Soc, p. 196, w.c. fig. 19. Although not abundant, the examples are pretty evenly distributed over the whole of the Eegion, and have all the characters of the species, with little or no variation. Lagena spumosa sp. n. plate I. fig. 9. Test pyriform ; shell substance a thick covering of vesicular matter overlying a dense internal layer. Aperture a conical transparent tube situated at the apex of the test. Length 0 "25 mm. 'This is a very interesting form, having the shell substance in two distinct layers, and differing from all the other species of the genus in its spongy outer coating. It is very rare, and has been found only at Station 25 in Area 2. Group of Lagena Isevis. Lagena Isevis Montagu sp. " Serpula (Lagena) Isevis ovalis " Walker and Boys, 1784, Test. Min., p. 3, pi. i. fig. 9. Vermiculum Iseve (W. & B.) Montagu, 1803, Test. Brit., p. 524. Lagena Isevis (W. & J.) Williamson, 1848, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. ii. vol. i. p. 12, pi. i. figs. 1, 2. L Isevis (W. & J.) Jones, 1884, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xi. p. 769, pi. 10 Transactions of the Society. xxxiv. fig. 3. L. vulgaris Giimbel, 1 885, Geol. Bayern, Th. 1 , Lief. 2, p. 422, fig. 266°. L. Isevis (Montagu) Haeusler, 1887, Neues Jahrb. far Min., p. 181, pi. iv. figs. 31-38. L. Isevis (Montagu) Malagoli, 1887, Atti Soc. Nat, Modena (Rend.), ser. 3, vol.iii. p. 109, pi. i. fig. 7. L. Isevis (Montagu) Brady, 1888, Geol. Mag., dec. 3, vol. v. p. 482, pi. xiii. figs. 6-10. L. Isevis (Montagu) Fornasini, 1889, Minute forme Rizopod. Retio, pi. fig. 8. L. Isevis (Montagu) Haeusler, 1890, Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, vol. xvii. p. 86, pi. xiii. fig. 20. L. Isevis (Montagu) Fornasini, 1890, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. 1st. Bologna, ser. 4, vol. x. p. 466, pi. fig. 1. L. Isevis (Montagu) Mariani, 1891, Boll. Soc. Geol. Italia, vol. x. p. 725, pi. xxi. fig. 9. L. Isevis (Montagu) Fornasini, 1893, Mem. E. Accad. Sci. 1st. Bologna, ser. 5, vol. iii. p. 431, pi. ii. fig. 1. L. tubulifera Egger, 1893, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II., vol. xviii. p. 324, pi. x. figs. 6, 7. L. Isevis (Montagu) Mariani, 1893, Ann. E. 1st. Udine, ser. 2, vol. >:i. p. 22, pi. i. fig. 8. L. Isevis (Montagu) Chapman, 1893, Journ. R. Micr. Soc, p. 581, pi. viii. fig. 5. L. Isevis (Montagu) Haeusler, 1893, Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, vol. xx. p. 13, pi. i. figs. 14-16. L. Isevis (Montagu) Goes, 1894, K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. xxv. p. 74, pi. xiii. figs. 719-722. L. Isevis (Montagu) Egger, 1895, Jahres- bericht xvi. Naturhist. Ver. Passau, p. 24, pi. ii. fig. 11. L. Isevis (Montagu) Jones, 1895, Paleont. Soc, p. 181, pi. i. fig. 28 (1866). L. Isevis (Montagu) Fornasini, 1898, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. 1st. Bologna, ser. 5, vol. vii. p. 210. pi. fig. 19. L. Isevis (Montagu) Egger, 1899, Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss., CI. II. vol. xxi. p. 102, pi. v. fig. 2 ; and L. clavata (d'Orb.) p. 103, pi. v. fig. 16. L. Isevis (Montagu) Flint, 1899, Rep. U.S. Nat. Mus. for 1897 (1899) p. 306, pi. liii. fig. 6. L. Isevis (Montagu) Chapman, 190C Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. lvi. p. 258, pi. xv. fig. 2. L. Isevis (Montagu) Wright, 1900, Geol. Mag., dec. 4, vol. vii. p. 100, pi. v. fig. 12. L. Isevis (Montagu) Silvestri, 1900, Mem. Pontif. Accad. Nuovi Lincei, vol. xvii. p. 244, pi. vi. fig. 56. This ubiquitous form occurs in great profusion at nearly all the Stations, and exhibits the usual variations of form between L. glcbosa and L. apiculata. Lagena Isevis var. distoma Silvestri, plate I. fig. 10. Lagena Isevis (Montagu) Silvestri, 1900, Mem. Pontif. Accad. Nuovi Lincei, vol. xvii. p. 244, pi. vi. figs. 74, 75. This apiculate variety is by no means uncommon at Station 25, and has been observed at other Stations. Some of the examples are very finely striated, indicating an affinity with L. (Amphorina) Lyellii Seguenza.* Prof. Silvestri's examples are from a neogene deposit, supposed to be miocene, in the Alta Valle Tiberina. * Foram. Monotal Mioe. Messina, 1862, p. 52, pi. i. fig. 40. Report on Foraminifera. By F. W. Millett. 11 Lagena Chasteri sp. n., plate I. fig. 11. Test flask-shaped ; rounded at the base. Shell substance consist- ing of a mass of vesicular matter enclosed between two layers of dense clear substance. Surface smooth and polished. Length 0-28 mm. That this is closely allied to L. spumosa is shown by the tendency of the two forms to coalesce. The vesicular matter sparkling through the transparent outer layer causes the test to resemble the mineral avanturine. It has been observed only at Station 25, where it is not uncommon. Lagena pannosa sp. n., plate I. figs. 12-14. Test flask- or decanter-shaped, with usually a constriction at the place where the neck joins the body. Shell substance composed of an inner layer of hard matter, on which rests a thick coating of opaque granular substance, which exhibits a strong tendency to disintegrate. Between the middle and base of the body are two zones of irregular indentations. Length 0*30 mm. This interesting member of the com pound- wall series is well marked by the tendency of the granular portion to disintegrate and expose portions of the internal layer ; to a less extent this feature is apparent also in L. spumosa. In the variety fig. 14 the disintegration is more irregular, and the zones are not produced. The L. tubifero-squamosa Parker and Jones,* fossil from Grrignon, with its "decaying outer layers," appears to be a member of this group. It occurs at many Stations in both Areas, but is most abundant at Station 25, which appears to be the headquarters of the compound - wall series. Lagena foveolata Reuss, plate I. fig. 15. Lagena foveolata Reuss, 1862 (1863) Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xlvi. p. 332, pi. v. fig. 65. Lagena No. 25, Von Schlicht, 1870, Foram. Septarienthones von Pietzpnhl, p. 10, pl.iii. fig. 25. This is a very beautiful form, the minuteness and regularity of the sculpture causing the test to shine with great lustre. The cells are smaller, and have less space between them than in the example figured by Reuss. It occurs, very sparingly, at Station 25, and has not been observed elsewhere. * Phil. Trans., 1862, p. 354, pi. xviii. fig. 7. SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY (principally invertebrata and cryptogamia), MICROSCOPY, Etc.* ZOOLOGY. VERTEBRATA. a. Embryology. t Experiments on Telegony4 — Mile. Barthelet has made experiments with white and grey mice (Mus domesiicus), in regard to which it is known that if white females are crossed by grey males, the offspring are in the great majority of cases grey. Fuur white virgin females were paired with as many grey males ; the (25) young were all grey. The females were then paired with white males ; the (28) young were all white. A white virgin female was paired thrice with a grey male ; the (17) young were all grey. The female was then paired with a white male ; the (6) young were all white. Further experiments yielded similar results ; there was no hint of telegony. Sex in Pigeons.§ — L. Cuenot points out the error of the common opinion that the two offspring in pigeons are ordinarily of opposite sexes. In 65 clutches the results were — 17 cases of two males, 14 cases of two females, 34 cases of opposite sexes. Nor is it the case that the first laid egg usually becomes a male. Out of 30 clutches, the first laid egg gave rise to a male in 15 cases, and to a female in the other fifteen. The normal proportion of the sexes in the carrier pigeon is 115-87 male to 100 females — a notable hyperandry — as Darwin also remarked in regard to the adults. Histogenesis of Ovary in Rana temporaria.!|— M. Bouiu finds that the primordial genital organ in the tadpole consists of small germinative cells, and of large primordial genital cells which are filled with yolk- plates. The primordial genital cells arise from the peritoneal* and mesenchymatous cells in the vicinity of the genital zone, and the same * The Society are not intended to be denoted by tlie editorial " we," and they do uot hold themselves responsible for the views of the authors of the papers noted, nor for any claim to novelty or otherwise made by them. The object of this part of the Journal is to present a summary of the papers as actually published, and to describe and illustrate Instruments, Apparatus, &c, which are either new or have not been previously described in this country. t This sectiou includes not only papers relating to Embryology properly so called, but also those dealing with Evolution, Development, Reproduction, and allied subjects. J Comptes Eendus, cxxxi. (1900) pp. 911-2. § Tom. cit., pp. 756-8. || Arch. Biol., xvii. (1900) pp. 201-381 (4 pis.). SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES. 13 cells also give rise to germinative cells. The formation of primordial genital cells is due to the absorption by the cells named above of a large amount of yolk, and the gradual assimilation of this yolk. During the process there is no division of the primordial cells, their increase in number being due to the transformation of the peritoneal and mesen- chymatous cells. When the yolk is completely assimilated, however, the primordial genital cells, which may now be called the primordial ova, are surrounded by small germinative cells, and begin to divide by mitotic division. This division, which is synchronous with changes in the ovary itself, is associated with a remarkable degeneration and expulsion of a certain number of primordial ova into the body-cavity ; a phenomenon more striking in future males than in the females. At the same time certain of the small germinative cells are converted into primordial ova. At the same stage the mesenchymatous Wolffian tissue grows into the developing ovary, and forms the medullary cords in which the cavities of the ovary appear. These cavities are therefore the homologues of the tubules of the testis in the male, and are more numerous in the tadpole than in the adult. The corpora adiposa develope at the expense of a part of the genital organ which contains no primor- dial ova, and are homologous with the interstitial cells of mammals. The primordial 'ova give rise by repeated division to nests of oogonia, each nest lying within the primordial follicle formed by the germinative cells. The nuclei of the oogonia then undergo remarkable changes, suggesting the approach of division ; but this does not occur, the nuclei are reconstituted, and the oocytes are thus differentiated from the oogonia. Thus the oocytes each arise from a single oogonium (con- trast Goette, Nussbaum, &c). All the oogonia do not give rise to oocytes, for a certain number degenerate and disappear, but in each nest of oogonia several oocytes are generally formed. The author has not carried his researches beyond this point. Defences of the Ovum.* — Dr. G. Loisel has published an interesting essay on the various ways (by reserves, envelopes, ivc.) in which the ovum may be protected against drought, extreme humidity, heat, cold, microbes, and other injurious influences. The protection enables the ovum to survive in its struggle for existence, which is particularly keen in the period between liberation from the ovary and the beginning of development. All the ova of the same age are not identical ; they vary partly in the adequacy of their protection ; those that succeed are, often at least, the most effectively protected. In short, there is important selective action and also modification in the earliest stages of life. Alleged Amoeboid Movements of Germinal Vesicle.f— A. Giardina is entirely sceptical as to the occurrence of active amoeboid movements in the germinal vesicle. The apparent movements are passivo, and are due to differences of concentration in the surrounding substances. Abnormal Eggs of Tropidonotus natrix. J — G. Wetzel describes three cases of abnormality in developing eggs of this snake. In one of • Journ. Anat. Physiol., xxxvi. (1900) pp. 438-63. t Rivista Sci. Biol., ii. (1900) pp. 1-11 (2 figs.). See Zool. Centralbl , vii. (1900> pp. 786-7. X Anat. Anzeig., xviii. (1900) pp. 425-40 (5 figs.). 14 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO these, four germinal discs were present in the egg, two quite distinct from each other, and two connected. The author believes that this must have been the result of the presence of four germinal vesicles in the egg. The other two eggs were in the gastrula stage, and showed two invagina- tions instead of a single one. From the appearances presented, the author believes that the spreading of the blastoderm over the yolk during the process of invagination arises not only from a direct con- version of the material at the spot into protoplasm, but also by an ex- tension of the already formed blastoderm, due to a spreading-out of elements originally near together. Periodicity in Spermatogenesis.* — Dr. Gustave Loisel finds, from a study of spermatogenesis in the sparrow, that periods of spermatogenetic activity alternate with periods of testicular repose. The latter are at first associated with cellular regression and partial or total absorption of the formed elements. As maturity approaches the periods of repose are shorter. It may be, the author suggests, that we have here to seek for an interpretation of sexual precocity and periodicity in mammals and man. "Nebenkem" of Sperm-cells.f — Dr. Friedr. Meves has studied, in the male cell of Paludina vivipara and Pygsera bucephala, the structure called by von la Valette St. George the Nebenkem. Meves believes that this term should lapse, and himself employs for the separate granules Benda's term mitocJiondria, and for the Nebenkem which may be formed by their union, the term mitochondrial corpuscle. In Paludina, as is well known, there are two kinds of spermatozoon, the difference being first obvious during the growth-period of the respective spermato- gonia. In the spermatogonia irom which the "hair-like sperms" ulti- mately arise, there are a number of minute scattered mitochondria, which at tie approach of the first maturation division arrange them- selves first in filaments and then in rings. At first small, the rings increase in size, and are as it were pulled out lengthwise, so that they form double threads. At the division equal numbers of those double threads pass into the daughter-cells, and this is repeated at the second division. As the spermatozoon is formed, the threads unite into little vesicles, at one stage four in number, which are the equivalents of the Nebenkem. These vesicles surround the middle-piece of the de- veloping sperm, and by fusion form a complete envelope for it. In the development of the " vermiform sperms " the mitochondria do not fuse, but remain throughout in the granular form. They accumulate about the middle-piece of the developing sperm as granules, and give rise to the appearance of cross-striping. In Pygsera bucepliala there are also two kinds of spermatozoon. The development of the sperms is described, but in the absence of figures it may be sufficient to note the chief point of importance — that the mito- chondria after the second maturation division fuse to form a single corpuscle, which is the Nebenkem in von la Valette St. George's sense. In an exhaustive survey of the literature the author points out how these results aid in the interpretation of the more or less isolated observations of other authors on granules and so forth in the sperm. * Compt