By A. S. HITCHCOCK,

Professor of Botany in the Kansas State Agricultural College,

Manhattan, Kansas.

SEPTEMBER 24, 1894.

OK174

wie SZ
Ci ee

A KEY

TO THE

GENERA

OF

Manhattan Plants,

BASED ON FRUIT CHARACTERS.

By A. S. HITCHCOCK,
Professor of Botany in the Kansas State Agricu/tura! College,

Manhattan, Kansas.

SEPTEMBER 24, 1894.

cr err So
COPYRIGHTED, 1894, BY PROF. A. S. HITCHCOCK,
K. 8. A. GC.

Professor of Botany in the
(All rights reserved.)

——

MANHATTAN, KANSAS,
MERCURY PUBLISHING HOUSE.
1894.

PREFACE.

The original intention was to publish a key to the species of flower-
ing plants growing in the vicinity of Manhattan. With this in view full
descriptions of the fruits and seeds of each species were prepared. but it
was found that the cost of publication of so much matter was placed be-
yond what was anticipated. The work was therefore restricted to genera.
In the descriptions I have endeavored to give such characters as hold true
for the orders and genera as represented in the United States, exceptions
being neglected Characters which apply to our species but not neces-
sarily to the grou in general, are placed in parentheses.

The nomenclature is that used in the check list of plants of the
northeastern United States.

No attempt at classification has been made here. A good working
classification is that given by Caruel in Bull. Soc. Bot France, Xxx,
120. I find that authors differ considerably in the terminology, es-
pecially in the definition of the capsule and its modifications. .

In the descriptions I have included under the term capsule, fruits
such as Cuscuta and Ammannynia which burst irregularly at maturity;
and have grouped under the term drupaceous the true drupe with one
earpel, and those forms which have more than one ecarpel, yet possess the
essential characters of a drupe, such as Cornus and Sambucus. There
are some fruits which are with difficulty placed in any classification e. g.

, dry, indehiscent fruits with more than one Cell or seed

The Key is prepared for the use of beginners in botany and will be

/ used in connecton with a text book.

A.S. H.

eas

ARTIFICIAL KEY TO ORDERS OR GENERA.*

J TRUE. SST ON So oe gee Oe Ge eae ea I RRO oh aS, 2
HEU UNUi a City Pere MBPT SES caper Met set ve ie ia cto <b ide sos wi eb. Selo head eset oh eee 25
DW TFUPACCOUSHM SLOW WsSCCMOGio.4 5... s cca, «fe. sie cteqecrercie SIS See 3
INOUE CHUS ECHO US aa s SHER eee a ee EO ee, NEES Go acit-c.2 12
An aggregation of drupelets on an oblong receptacle....... Rubus 91
Pome-like, with 1 to 5, 1-seeded stones......... Weenies Orataegus 90
(Compare Rosa.)

ANG EASE A OME meer aat Seber: isle osislets via le s@tstels eye ei bidze Sissel Becerra 4
SUOIN® Id os Sa aga ese COS e Been eect er ee ene ea cori Ggs o - 5
SOMES FO Boasoon co bl A tueeICes Geis omen Nem cent peasant os a4 9
SCOMeb-COlled it eercas ts a.s wes ne by Noe eaters ae bere o ich 3 Cornus 182
Sironemlecellediaaewiicnc. «cco ke ee EPR sc ac: 6
TAU AWAROVAESCAM Gee tacts toed adie sv dnis bf Uels s odd joe ates 7
Ht M YIU CY eeepc te sce & scxeis ves tien lo Sine oe sw eas ena blcraare See Ce 8
ID SFOS OEE) <a AL HEYes Were es ee EE Celtis 36
Drupe white or red, shrubs or woody vines ................ Rhus 133
Drupe flattened, dark, submersed aquatic herbs..... Potamogeton 3
Stone disc-shaped, with thickened margin. ....... Menispermum 68
Stone oval or globose, somewhat 2 edged....... ate inc Prunus 97
SPOTS MBP iin, wit snceecevelia ss Svea Sheen OUSce tee. lave ate thee eon ee
WOES! D . oo oS Hose bole eoinn Boe aoe es bedione ote ea Bence nd cc - 11
Br Uitolackeas damm). Cally xslmlenlOl e522 sees teraee ere ee ee Rhamnus 141
RUTGKedsrs COO Mm, Calyx SUPCrION. = 4-2-4245 Symphoricarpos 39
Pulp thin and waxy, fruit orange, herbs ............... Triosteum 240
PRulpijuicy, truit. dark purple, shrubs. ..-....-....5.. Sambucus! 238
Dehiscenty ail eshvacapsul eich. cleperc ci isio -o eee eee eee 13
Gave hel MEVOGitl fa ow orn OOO REREET ODS ona Clones Re IRENE tc che Be a bes 14
Capsules stalked, 3 to 5 én a receptacle, 2-valved...Xanthorylum 12%
Capsule single, orange, 3-valved, aril scarlet............ Celastrus 185
Capsule single, purple, 4-lobed, 4-valved, aril searlet.. Huonymus 184
ANNOYS 4 ¢ nig (OCS a oleG GOERS TOS TRG CIR RIRIE Te 9 <\'cin eeeeea ie i Pyrus 89
A fleshy receptacle enclosing bony akenes................... Rosa 96
A fleshy receptacle bearing small akenes on the surface... Fragaria 92
Fruit multiple, each akene enclosed in fleshy calyx .......1 Morus 37
AM IabOnM aliveSeCUeG, DCLLY {oa<q.aca.s-eee eo... La alta 15
Many seeded, enclosed in an inflated calyx ......... ... Physalis 220
Not enclosed in inflated calvx............ 52s bad wets 16

*The numbers refers to the genera or the order according as the names are in

italics or small capitals.

bo bo
mw =

i“

bo bow bo
He oO

be
oi

25.
26.
26.
27.
27.

27.
27.

28.
28.
29.

29.
29.
30.
30.
30.
31.
3l.
31.
32.

Os

bok

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 5

Large, oblong,with several flat seeds 2cm or more long .. Asimina. 60

Hruivand Seeadsismallemaicn: cee vas ccc eee cee ee cee cave Caittee 17
INoGimorethanplOsscededs ek eee see tine. Seemed oeeess cag eee 18
Seeds numerous. morestham lO. 3s fo... ceases ck we neee sce cee 23
Seeds 10, flat, berry dark purple surmounted by 10

TANES 3.01 b LAS RO Nou y AOR OUR ane nies a rE an ear Phytolacca 54
SCCUSMIBGONGH we erneen Sissi ee aerate er areis siete: ciciarevernu sis c's Srelqsuaieeieyeies Wg
Fruits searlet, closely aggregated on a spadte en RRS es Arasaema 14
INOW BS BIDOW Ee as ena eG ad BOI GEH Ra COU INO a Ge tis SeieIg SS ae ATIE aliens ee ea)
Berries in aixillary peduncled umbels, perianth de-

GICMOURSEES socio cog d DEMON OEE O OUD OGOU Hed odie emmaiee Smilax 26
BERETESHNOGMeUMNDE Siete. cae eee eens c ieee cy ec jspciee s sic since mteiets 21
Woody vines, berries in a cyme or thyrsus opposite

(HIN ONES 5 BS SOS SOR EE A See cre ama VITACEAE 56
Herbs, berries in axils of leaves or terminal clusters............ 22
Berries dark purple, | to severalin aixillary clusters. Polygonatum 25
In terminal clusters, variegated red and black.......... Vagnera 24
Plant fleshy, spiny, seeds campylotropous, flattened. CACTACEAE 63
SATU G TO CHTES Type yr reserve eis re ih hoes ae ey te orca birest/ Sve mueneietc uml Nu chen tay 24
Shrubs, remains of calyx at apex of berry................. Ribes. 87
Herbs, calyx persistent at base of berry......... ....... Solanum 219

Fruit from a compound pistil, separating at matur-
ity into its carpels, these indehiscent or more or

LES SEZEVAW CUE ey vanes rey een Bue iota ue nemenicyette ra Acute eke Haare cl) ek 26
JOG BS OOO See Gd SMA SEAS Iho ei ere a Ue 36
In dense terminal heads, calyx superior, a shrub. _Cephalanthus 235
INO GAS TAD ONE Meer ces oN epee see crepe Neceys Ge cise ay ann E tas evap uieatanrs 27
Separating into 2 indehiscent carpels.................000 ceeeeee 28
Separating into 3 2-valved carpels....................-. Ceanothus 140
(Compare Huphorbiaceae.)

Separating into 4 indehiscent carpels................. 0.00.0 ee eee 30
Carpels in a ring, separating inte 5 or more indehis-

Centon: valvedsportiOnsyo.. 2. cana. scene ce elecieles <: PEM sus BPA
Carpels forming a samara with a terminal wing, trees...... Acer 1387
Carpels not forming samaras, herbs...............2..000ce ess ees 29
In umbels or heads,carpels ribbed or winged on back,

separating from a central axis ............... UMBELLIFERAE 67
In heads, calyx inferior, carpels oblong...,............... . Lippra 200. -
Inflorescence open, calyx superior, carpels hemispherical.Galium 237
Leaves alternate, fruit deeply lobed ........... BORRAGINACEAE = 78
Leaves whorled, aquatic herbs................. on -Myriophyllum 174
Leavesioppositers). 44305 0Rs, AES OE So SA HT ee ea reei 31
Fruit lobed before separation, style 1,terrestrial herbs. LABIATAE 81
Fruit lobed, styles 2, aquatic herbs .................... Callitriche 132
Mruit oblong; nothobede nb. tsk ek wore Verbena 199

Carpelsimumeroussindehiscent; 4; 22254005 so hss scence ee nee cee 33

6

519)

35.

40.

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

Carpels ;2-Valveds «aden ceptote adedegeastts a vatiaae at panes 34
Carpels*beaked) . \.kshicomarsiteccetis heise eer aoe Callirrhoe 148
Carpels' beakiless: 3. .<.::ccsuinene se teers «ce Seeeeniee Ee ee ene Malva 147
Warpelsia, cecal posse diecteteticecncs ot eRe cee oes Cee 35
Carpels T2"tO Wai. e Sense nas oat omer on ena tes eae Abutilon 146
Involucelmone, valves beaked;. c- 2m ciliec'cs <i .o-s\cei ciate tes Sida 150
Involucel 3-leaved, valves not beaked................ Malvastrum 149
Fruit from a single pistil, separating transversely

into d-seeded JOINS li. s-oetccccces eyecare neat Meibomia 98
INotseparatin ge transversely ass. scien eee eee 37
Fruit a legume, 1I-celled with 1 parietal placenta... LEGUMINOSAE 4]
Kru notadlesumer;sc cs. eet see sees os ee pe eee 38
An utricle, 1-celled, 1-seeded, with papery pericarp Bac. See 39
IN OGAMAUGTICl Giron. ete ache caver tes ors.c oct ec Cision Reet eee Ce 40
Utricles imbricated with scarious bracts....... AMARANTACEAE 25
INOUSCATIOUSIDIACUSHame cere oser neo ere CHENOPODIACEAE 2+
Fruit large, 1-celled, 1-seeded, with a deeply 4-lobed

embryo, surrounded by a bony nut-shell and a

WOOdY OF SPONGYISHUGK 2a. cee 4+ sere eee JUGLANDACEAE 15
INOUHASIAD OVER ai ecssie.cis Geto: cre 6 opeinjasecs aye Bec oe opaae oe seni Siete 41
Bruiteindehiscentic..in..-s'.spcuhy to. ees Geen eee eee 42
Fruit dehiscent by valves or bursting eM VAN eG Sabu cnooa bobec 60
Large (6 to 8 cm), many seeded, with a woody peri-

GALT 22g z seeiercee eoeeheeeuctd tania RRA erat ls Seen e ae ta Cucurbita 243
Obpyramidal, angled, closely packed in spherical

heads, but not surrounded by an involucre, peri-

carp woody, 1-2 celled, 1-2 seeded.................. Sparganium 2
Three-seeded, surrounded by ascant flesh ............. Triosteum 240
Two-celled: 2-seeded. not insheadsSiee.- ec cetecn + cece oeetreeteeete 43
@Me=SCOMS: ss 55 Bee Ss Oa hee cece de ioe tas ois: aye Came eR 44
A samara, winged all around (sometimes 1-seeded)........ Ptelea
Nob Wied ie). sisieke she rk eet tips coasts = - eee Circaea 173
INOS AMMAL AS s ciereecd is Stayale< dis! iss ein oss open tea eee saslayaar ain opp ven tetororaiaze ns 45
AMIGA COEME wesc faci, a ovale otis a aie Sete eeeus co eerie meee Quercus 34
Fruit in dense peduncled heads, capillary bristles at

baseof each, (Tees y.05 «crests pacqoeis ont ocen werent roe Platanus 88
Fruits minute on long-bristled stalks, closely aggre- :

gated in long brown spikes; marsh plants............... Typha 1
Fruits few in a membranous, reticulated, 5-lobed in-

volucre each! 5-ribbedeans. circ scence re cker re er Allionia 55
An akene, several or many in a head surrounded by

AM TMAVOMCIO has sa 2o tis co cia dae = aio siete ter teats ers COMPOSITAE. 92
Akenes 2, enclosed in an indurated bur-like invo-

WCPO jis babel jepy ede. Take Sensis aati ea eee eee 46
AkKenes several from one flower.............-2-- ec cece cree ee erens 47
Fruit single in a flower, an akene or 1-seeded nutlet............. 53
Wing terminal... 5 os fone sos oo Gam bitte ee oils otek eeene Fraxinus 186

58.

59.

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 7

Wan orallGarouin discreet el Se cacao eik au) ecett sO at Ulmus 35
Involuecre top-shaped, hooks in a circle around the

(HOY BENCH OW eles es Glstaeed ty ig lets lees ey Ur a ke le Ree Agrimonia 95
Involucre ovoid, hooks all over.............000cc eee ees Xanthium 268
Akene bearing a slender hook, heads globular.............. Geum 94
Akene with a long villous or plumose tail (style)........ Clematis 64
Akenes more or less beaked, but not tailed....................6. 48
Sepals 3, stems endogenous ..........0....00. cece eee ALISMACEAE. 4
Sepals 5 or more, Or G€CIdUOUS.......... 0... cece cee eens eee 49
Sepals 5, with 5 alternating bractlets .................. Potentilla 98
INGMRACtIEtS ei. che rae eel LE Ver lala Nee Math) 50
Sepals deciduous, akenes scarcely flattened, glabrous,

SELON hymn WEMisenn Canc eaulere dene witoreant ataaaiars lee cons Thalictrum 67
Sepalsipersistentban ocr bed ccs cook Westen clase elo ebaieercda Nelavaraicwigie 51
Receptacle much elongated, akenes glabrous.......... Myosurus3,65
Receptacle convex or oblong.................006- SE Seder ie a 52
Akenes glabrous, beak oblique ... ............6e006- Ranunculus 66
Akenes pubescent or woolly, beak straight............. Anemone 63
Pericarp covered with slender, easily detached, down-

WwaLdlysbarbedsbnistles situate: Mey. able ciel e lens oueten s Sicyos 242
Fruit drupaceous, flesh, very scant................. Yau ese Rhus 133
A globose nut with woody ,felty-pubescent pericarp,

peduncle of cluster attached to a leaf-like bract,

(HRS as Mog wiatg SSG yoo! 6a aide CRON chon EST ROU ee Peer C eM Mee Tilia 145
In terminal clusters, globular, bearing the superior,

5-lobed, persistent calyx lobes, herbs........ TER ACPO & Comandra 45
Pericarp thin, fruit enclosed in 5-lobed indurated

calyx. deflexed on axis................ Baumer aae ta Phryma 201
Sessile in spikes, 4 to 8 angled or ribbed. ...:................08. 64
INOtAS AbDOVEN ANAK eM Op aor crecrscies lo oe cela reat og eee eas Siti 55
INGE tSy4- amine degrees eile caeswslens isc c o aera serevers een crare ae Gaura 171
Nutlets 8-ribbed or winged....... TOON oe QUST AES Stenosiphon 172
Endogenous grass or rush-like herbs ..............6 scee cevsees 56
HW XOFEMOUSHDIANLS oa. oes oles -crceveiees ew. Mane AOR DURE aeA OR 57

Fruit in the axis of a scale, no scale above fruit...CYPERACEAE 6
Fruit with a scale above and below, leaves 2-ranked

dlod) Shan ge OW US SEMBbidialca he a MDa cen Mota aA ‘GRAMINEAE 5
Akene enclosed in an inflated sac, in oblong catkins............. 58
Akene not thus enclosed ..............c0cccereecrecs eta Aa ee 59
Trees, akene oblong, smooth, nerved....................Ostrya 33
Herbaceous vine, akene orbicular, besprinkled with

FEddish atom sy Nees sce aes os wee teen Soh sel nN ae eg Humulus 38
Sepal 1, folded around the 2-edged akene............... Cannabis 39
Sepals 3 or 4, or calyx tubular or 4-lobed above..... URTICACEAE 21
Sepals 5 or 6, akene lenticular or 3-angled....... POLYGONACEAE 23

(Compare Ambrosia 269.)

8

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

60.

62.

69.

69.

Capsule dehiscing by holes in the side....... CAMPANULACEAE
Capsule many seeded enclosed in a spathe, aquatic

(JNO C(esicls hap ae mene ren OD CRC Lcen CC DAO e OAL Or aE hc Heteranthera
Capsule bursting irregularly, or opening by a hole

or irregularly at top............ pel aebiah nbs cae deb hae Se
Capsuleidehiscing wesullarly) asi ase satectee beet te eee eee
Capsulem-celledereas crises orice rite Bast AE Be eee e
Capsule:2‘celled,.1-3 seeded, VineS. . ......¢2:).0.264 ese 3: USLIRG oe Bee
Capsule'4-celled\ many. seeded. ~.... .<ticnisiitensse asiext as Bee
Globose, placenta central, calyx inferior....... ...... Utricularia
Oblong, placentae parietal, calyx superior.............. Mentzelia
Globose, smooth; parasitic, vineS.... .. .............3.. Cuscuta
Omoidepriekly;/not parasite? a. cc. vases. sce erates Echinocystis
Enclosed in 4-angled calyx............ Anmannia 160 and Rotala
Capsule 4-angled, calyx lobes 4, superior ............... Ludwigia
Dehiscence by a circumcissile line... 26.40 6 42 ore eee
Dehiscenceimot, circumeissile..i.. 4. cases ord ponies oeie no eho
Capsule.2ecelled, few seedediuk, vik) «clint cLitecceMest Plantago
Capsule 1-celledjmariy-seede@ 71 iu Joie sniac lian ek ee
Sepals 2, broad and enclosing the sessile capsule ...... Portulaca
Sepals 5, narrow, erect, pedicels slender................ Anugallis
Capsule 1-celled, 1 2-seeded, 2-vaived somewhat

fleshy ....25. sandal aed. 2. eel ee Xanthoxylum
Capsule 1-celled, placenta central, seeds four or more............
Capsule 1 celled with parietal placentae or 2-3 celled.............
Capsule 4-celled, calyx superior, seeds numerous.... ...........
Capsule 5 or mone celled . (ct0..0. 92s esse ee ete eee
S-valyedrat SUMING. .c:.: . sass .c6 acne. cs action eee erate ae eee
(Compare Solanum rostratum 219.)
5-valved at summit, in umbels................ » ORES Androsace
6-valved at summit........ BNR WARS PO EEE AD f05 54 Oot 2 Silene
Capsule enclosed in wing- meled calyx, seeds globose,

ADOUGA .n 5 cose scevendesedaeceieseie oueeee Sale oe Soke epee by set eee Saponaria
Not enclosed in calyx, seeds several, angled........... Stevronema
Seedsccomoseess......./ inks sts ect oli dee Le te ee eee Epilobium
Seeds not COMOSEseiie a-cas eee ene Lhe eee eee Onagra, ete.,
Calyx superior, capsule 10 ribbed, tapering at base...... Jussiaea
Calyx adherent to lower part of 5 horned capsule..... Penthorum
Cally XAMtOniOr 5. octane ain ans atop) EE OE eee eee
Capsalevmore.than.5-celled.. -S:-cn) 7): sen cae ale ees
Capsule 5-celledieg: testes 2 keel: keine eectetet rier: 2931 4t = ara ieee
Imperfectly 10 celled, 16 seeded:............... 0. seneeeees Linum
12-15 celled, seeds about 3 in each ecell....... eect 4 rah Abutilon
Seeds 1 in each cell, capsule elastically 5 valved from

LYS \. AE LEeENoes t eeees dae mOer santas oon oa apts n Ss ioeG Geranium
Seeds more than 1 imi @ach cell... ., ... So. ce eee eee

63
64
231
157
192
241
161
164
66
68
235
67
57
185

126
69
fiche
71
72
70

183

58 .

59
184
165
166
163

86

73

74

75
125
146

123

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

9

78.

82.
82.

Dehiscence explosive, calyx not enlarged ........ .......-.00000.
Dehiscence not explosive, calyx enlarged, ae AON eM Hibiscus
Walvesrelasticalllys comings tyne 0a erate hess) stenseey Se tsicrcsesste Impatiens
Valves pinching out the seeds and collapsing on the

BD GIS bein a Wane Maney mand a ani Oe ALN NIG RU anne Be ia ae ene Oxalis
Seeds numerous, comose, fruit I-celled .......................006
Seca ssmot cOmOses ye wire eet etree Satie Wee es beeen es
Bruita tollicle, 2ito each flower, herbs): .2.). 1%... esse ee ee.
Placentae 2-4, trees or shrubs ......... 00... 0200 SALICACEAE
Follicles long and slender.................. Se icecereas Apocynum

- Follicles ovate or fusiform.................... ASCLEPIADACEAE

FGTRUN CHAT ONICIOR ee ain sie ciser nie Cane Mi nui ernie ume seg cise iate
Not a follicle........... RE ee Meet te ot teen eyetireeee Oa see mare hes Eve U RU SY
Follieles 3 to-each flower. . 00.0.0... 05.00. cc eee se ec ees Delphinium
Olt Cle SyAr Oe eee enc eae manana fein ae yc tunncme lin Men, Aquilegia
Capsule 3 celled, or 1 celled with 3 pariet:] placentae.............
‘Capsule 1-celled with 2 parietal placentae ......................0..
Capsule 1 with 4 or 5 parietal placentae..................0.e ee eee
Mapsuler2=Cellecieaseyreme cei Tekan) aeere ioc tect ae ys o> CAME UMN ARs eg
Seeds 1 in each cell, capsule not inflated......................0..
Seeds-2/ormoredn eachscelly. srscie eee. cece he eee kee abe e sc et
lot the3:cells indehiscent: 2: ese ee Commelyna
Minot the cells deliscemtaea yee. Ow oe
Calyx 5 lobed, supporting the smooth globose capsule...... Phloa
Sepals 8, endogenous herb ...............e.eeeseeees Tradescantia
Capsule large, leathery, prickly, seeds about 2cm....... Aesculus
Capsule 3 lobed, calyx absent or if present, the peri-

CARPUPMUWESCEMbRGE Ts. shpat Sey Ss eles i cueeae EUPHORBIACEAE
Pericarp bladdery-inflated, capsule 3-celled, 3-lobed at

SUNTOT TIN GA eee ein ces ns eee ce cls Se cigs EN UM red nc Staphylea
ericarp nOtmUChiMMatedie ews hacia: sas ae owes elchccce macs aes
Sepals inferior, 6, narrow and glumaceous, endogens ..... Juncus
Sepals if present not glUMACEOUS........... ccc cece eee cee ene
Wapsumlers=Celled), 7s Seep eee Me NON sgl ile EM es Ne Fe oo un
Capsule 1-celled with 3 parietal placentae ................. Darla:
Calyx superior, capsules umbellately clustered from

a 2-leaved spathe, leaves equitant and stem flat... Sisyrinchiwm
O Allvaxcointe Tall @ Ten epeyees repays: ces cy Spee ncsyaye oe are calc ei eta sc love anulden deus suapanet aaa armani
SepalsiGustemvendocenOuUSwer. cae, dacs saeco els LILIACEAE
SCENE B, SESUS SENG Seow cock ho secu ome oc antocer sem nent Mollugo
Sepals 5, seeds 6, velvety, 5 MM................02000 2000s Ipomoea
Sepals 5, petals 3, withering persistent, seeds 6,

VT Y, Snell pea eee see so Cra Mare Us Ree rae aha A ci Mpa Lechea
Capsule dehiscing explosively, the valves widely

SPIE Adina Meroe i rue eek Glue euler ee VIOLACEAE

188

82

193

138

47

136
88
18
89
90
92

10

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

92,. WMehiscence not explosivepvalyves:erect:: 24.0 eeeeeee eee ee 93
93. Seeds exceedingly small and numerous, calyx supe-
THOT io a8 nb tee tis dine o Meee RP avin o eet ae eee Gyrostachys 28
935 Seedsinatherifewasepalsio-M Tero iy -eye ocieitceel ae eee eee 94
94. Sepalg about equal, leaves all opposite............... Hypericum 152
94. Sepals unequal, 2 much smaller, leaves mostly
BtOT MAGGIE ian sesh le meee Siar ress ~: +: Helianthemum 1538
955 ‘Seeds'4; calyx enlarged), b lOWEG 22 ht en. ole selene eee Macrocalyx 194
95ses SCO SIM OTE WU AINE sci rereonere’ sis chest ae ce DE Eek cee 96
96. Seeds borne all over the inside of the valves........... Gentiana 187
965) Seeds borneonlysalomowthe Subunes. asses ae eae ane 97
97. Seeds crested, oblong...............: Bicuculla 70 and Capnoides 71
97. Seeds not crested, kidney-shaped....:......... CAPPARIDACEAE 36
98) - Capsule 2-valvedy smooth herbs <1 -erecycc tee eee cee Orobanche 232
98. Capsule 4 or 5 valved, prickly herb ................... Argemone 69
99)" sPlacentace parietal: csiccvcse use cereus cgeacitinaei ier cree nie ae 100
99) 5, PLACOMEAC AKO rera'.ecolgiac a te eeorei te led ac loye b acyays ete Tbs ove al om Pesto OR nee 101
100,2Placenta:l, fruitel carpenled ss ot. tucj rai se -e,2 os beats Astragalus 114
100. Placentae 2, connected by a false partition aoe ey CRUCIFERAE 35
101-9) Calyx: SUPCHION®. ..scisnrtlenrocise Soke Gd Rak ests oe Gao staan Pee Ree 102
LOM Calyx imferiore.«. saves oo cos ols oot d eieas 6 evs youd a ease ops ee 103
102. Calyx 5-cleft, 10-angled, seeds numerous ........... .... Lobelia 244
102. Calyx 4-cleft, 4-ribbed, seeds few ...................:- Houstonia 236
NOS RESCECS he we (UC OyS) cis ee sree ee aS oo of eee ioc <eieioaiee ee aee 104
103+ sSEbdS MUIMeTOUS ea % fa: occ creation erie « sees or ene oes oer Eere 105
LOA Seeds 27 erested ts... < Ate ilatyitey siesta: ee eeietde tinietearaorieaets Polygala. 127
104. Seeds 4 to 8, lenticular, supported by curved stalks
size eve hava Toyelte Gave ja aPoveusi/e) bic: skoda Davee eee areata use euepeean eee elie 15) ACANTHACEAE 86
104. Seeds 2 to 6, angular, no long stalks........ CONVOLVULACEAE 747
105. Capsule thorny, imperfectly 4-celled................:... Datura 221
105. Capsule membranous, enclosed in the 10-14 ribbed
Galyxbube: 6 che ae cs SARE On Cee es Cee ce Lythrum 162
105. Not as above, calyx usually persistent, inferior

SCROPHULARIACEAE 83

DESCRIPTIONS OF GENERA.

MONOCOTYLEDONEZAE (Stem Endogenous).

ORDER 1. TYPHACEAE.

1. Typha. 1-seeded,. closely aggregated on an elongated axis, very
small, on long stalks which bear numerous hair-like bristles. Marsh herb.

ORDER 2. SPARGANIACEHAE.

2. Sparganium. Nut-like, 1 or 2celled, 1 or 2 seeded, obpyramidal,
closely aggregated in globular heads with interspersed scales. Marsh
herbs.

ORDER 3.. NAIADACEAE.

3. Potamogeton. Drupaceous, 4 or less to each flower, flesh scant.

Aquatic herbs (entirely submersed).

ORDER 4. ALISMACEHAE.

Akenes, several from 1 flower, the 3 outer pemaoth divisions per-
sistent. Marsh herbs.

4, Alisma. Akenes in a circle, flattened. Tends numerous, pan-
icled.

5. Hchinodorus. Akenes in a head, turgid, ribbed. Heads several.

6. Lophotocarpus. Akenes in a head, flattened, ribbed, enclosed by
the sepals. Heads few.

7. Sagittaria. Akenes in a head, flattened. Sepals reflexed, heads
few.

ORDER 5. GRAMINEAE.

Usually a caryopsis, (sometimes the seed is free from the pericarp),
enclosed within 2 scales, the upper scale, next to the axis, is 2-keeled on
the back, while the lower is 1-nerved or keeled in the middle of the back,
or convex. The flowers or fruits are usually in 2-ranked clusters, with
a pair of empty scales at the base of the cluster. Herbs with 2-ranked
leaves. <A large order with numerous genera and species.

ORDER 6. CYPERACEAE.

An Akene in the axis of a bract, often surrounded by bristles or a
sac, but no bract between the fruit and the axis, Fruits usually gather-
ed in spikes or heads. Herbs with 3-ranked leaves.

12 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS

8. Cyperus. Seales 2-ranked, strongly keeled. Akene flat or tri-
angular, naked, spikelets in spikes or heads.
9. Hiophorum. Scales in this and the following genera, several
ranked. Akene triangular, surrounded by several long bristles.
10. Scirpus Bristles around akene few and short or none.
11. Hleochuris. Spike single terminating the naked stem. Akene
surrounded by bristles and tipped with a tubercle.
12. Carex. Akene enclosed in a sac.
13. Fuirena. Scales with an awn on the back below the tip.

ORDER 7. ARACEAE.

14. Avrasaema Berries crowded on a fleshy axis, usually surrounded
or supported by a more or Jess rolled up leaf (spathe). (Berries scarlet,
1-celled, 1 to few seeded. Herbs).

ORDER 8. COMMELINACEAE.
Capsule 2-3-celled, seeds 3 or more. dehiscence loculicidal. Herbs.
15. Commelina Japsule 3-celled (8-seeded, 1 cell indehiscent. Fruit
enclosed in spathe.)
16. Vradescantia. Capsule 3-celled, all dehiscent. (Seeds about 3,
elliptical, flattish, on one side a pit with radiating ridges, on the other
a longitudinal ridge with transverse wrinkles on each side.) .

ORDER 9: PONTEDERIACEAE.

17. Heteranthera. Capsule more or less completely 3-celled by the
intrusion of the placentae, seeds numerous. Aquatic herbs. (Capsule
enclosed in the spathe.)

ORDER 10. JUNCACEAE.

18. Juncus Capsule 3-celled or 1-celled with 3 parietal placentae, lo-
eulicidally 3-valved. Divisions of perianth 6, scale-like, persistent.
Seeds smalland numerous. Grass-like herbs.

ORDER 11. LILIACEAE.

Fruit 3-celled, a berry or capsule. Perianth inferior. Herbs.

19. Zygadenus. Capsule 3-lobed. (Septicidally 3-valved at summit.
Seeds about 6, angled, oblong.

20. Allium. Capsules in umbels on naked stems, supported by a 1 ‘to
8-valved spathe, loculicidally dehiscent. Seeds 3-6, usually angular.
Plant with the odor of onions.

21. Nothoscordum. As in Allium but no oder of onions.

22. EHrythronium. Capsule loculicidal, solitary, nodding. Low plants
with 2 leaves and a scape.

23. Yueca. Capsules several (large and woody, imperfectly 6-celled,
by a false partition from the back of each cell, 6-valved at summit. Seeds

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 13

numerous, flat, black, closely crowded crosswise in the 6 cavities. Leaves
long and sharp pointed).

24. Vagnera. Berries nearly globular, in clusters terminating the stem.
Seeds 1-2. Perianth withering, persistent.

25. Polygonatum Berries globular, from the axils of the leaves. Seeds
usually not more than six.

ORDER 12. SMILACEAE.

26. Smilax. Berry 3-celled, globular, seeds 6 or less. Herbs or woody
vines provided with a pair of tendrils near the base of the petiole.

ORDER 13. IRIDACEAE.

27. Sisyrinchium. Capsules 3-celled, somewhat 3-angled, loculicidally
dehiscent. Flowers from a spathe. Grass-like herbs with equitant leaves
and a 2-edged stem.

ORDER 14. ORCHIDACEAE.

28. Gyrostachys Capsule 1-celled.3-valved, with 3 parietal placentae
and innumerable minute seeds. Herbs.

DICOTYLEDONEE (Stem Exogenous).

ORDER 15. JUGLANDACEAE.

Fruit 1-seeded, but more or less 2-4-celled by partitions between
the lobes of the embryo. The pericarp consists of an inner bony inde-
hiscent portion and an outer more spongy or leathery covering. Trees.

29. Juglans. Outer covering, spongy, indehiscent.
30. Hicoriu. Outer covering leathery or woody, splitting from the top
more or less completely into four valves.

ORDER 16. SALICACEAE.

_ Capsule, 1-celled, 2-4 valved; placentve parietal or basal. Seeds num-
erous, provided with a silky coma. ‘Trees or shrubs.
31. Populus. A cup-shaped disk at base of capsule. (Capsules ovate,
10-12 mm, 2-4 valved, in long, loose racemes. Placentae parietal).
32. Salix. No cup-shaped disk. (Capsules tapering above into a
beak, 2-valved, in close racemes. Placenta basal).

ORDER 17. BETULACEAE.

33. Ostrya. Akene smooth, enclosed in the inflated sac-like involucre,
the latter gathered in a short catkin. Tree.

ORDER 18. FAGACEAE.

34. Quercus. Fruit an acorn. The 1-celled, 1-seeded nut, supported
by au involucre (cup) of numerous scales. Trees or shrubs.

14 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

ORDER 19. ULMACEAE.

Fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded, indehiscent, dry or fleshy. Trees.
35. Ulmus. Membranaceous samara, winged all around.
36. Celtis. Drupe globular, axillary, solitary or few. Calyx persis-
tent at base. Stone globular (ridged, 5mm).

ORDER 20. MORACEAE.

Fruit an akene. Calyx inferior.
387. Morus. Calyx fleshy. Fruit multiple, resembling a blackberry.
Trees.
38. Humulus. Akene enclosed in the sac-like calyx; sacs in an
oblong head ; bracts foliaceous. Herbaceous vine.
39. Cannabis. Calyx of 1 sepal folded around the 2-edged akene,
sharp pointed; bracts narrow. Herb.

ORDER 21. URTICACEAE.

Fruit an akene. Sepals inferior, usually persistent. Herbs.

40. Urtica. Sepals 4, the two outer short and narrow, the inner
large and enclosing the flat, ovate akeue.

41. Urticastrum. Flowers in loose, terminal cymes. Sepals 4 (only 2
noticeable in fruit). Akene flat and very oblique, reflexed on the
broadly-winged pedicel.

42. Adicea. Sepals 3. (Three rudimentary stamens curved under the
ovate flattened akene, which they discharge at maturity by their elas-
ticity).

43. Boehmeria. Akene enclosed in the calyx. (Calyx continued above
the ovoid flattened akene as a thick wing. Fruit in dense spikes).

44. Parietaria, Ovoid akene enclosed in the tubular, 4-lobed, nerved
ealyx. In axillary-bracted clusters.

- ORDER 22. SANTALACEAE.

45. Comandra. Fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded, indehiscent, drupaceous (but
dry). Calyx lobes 5, superior, persistent. Herb.

ORDER 23. POLYGONACEAE.

Akene lenticular or angled. Calyx inferior, persistent. Herbs
with sheathing stipules.
46. Rumex. Akene 38-angled, 3 outer sepals reflexed,3 inner erect,
enclosing the akene, often considerably enlarged
47. Polygonum. Akene lenticular or 3-angled, usually enclosed by the
5-6 parted calyx. Sepals all erect.

ORDER 24. CHENOPODIACEAE.

Fruit a 1-seeded utricle, usually enclosed by the inferior, persistent
ealyx. No scarious bracts. Herbs.

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 15

48. Chenopodium. Calyx 5-parted. Seed lenticular (horizontal.) Utricle
indehiscent, but sometimes easily breaking away.

49. Cycloloma. Calyx 5-parted. partially enclosing the horizontal fruit,
the lobes furnished with a continuous, scarious,. horizontal wing.

50. Monolepis. Sepall. Seed vertical, lenticular.

51. Salsola. Calyx 5-parted, each division with a broad, scarious wing
on back. Seed horizontal, lenticular.

ORDER 25. AMARANTACEAE.

Fruit much as in Chenopodiuceae, but imbricated with scarious
bracts. Herbs.
5la. Amaranthus. Bracts 3, sepals 3-5 (utricle dehiscent by a circum-
cissile line, 2-3 beaked. Seed horizontal).
52 Acnida. No calyx. Utricle circumcissilly dehiscent. Seed vertical.
58. Froelichia. Bracts 8. Calyx tube 5-cleft, 2-winged and woolly .
with long hairs, enclosing the indehiscent utricle.

ORDER 26. PHYTOLACCACEAE.
54. Phytolacca Berry 10-celled, 10-seeded, dark purple, the 5 sepals
persistent at base and the 10 styles at summit. Seeds vertical. Herb.
OrprR 27. NYCTAGINACEAE.

55 Allionia. Fruit nut-like, 1-celled, 1-seeded, indehiscent, tightly
enclosed in the persistent base of the calyx tube, 3 to 5 together in a 5-
lobed membranous involuere, ribbed or angled. Herbs.

ORDER 28. AIZOACEAE.

56. Mollugo. Capsule 3-celled, loculicidally 3-valved, partitions separ-
ating from the axis, sepals 5, inferior, persistent. Seeds several. Herb.

ORDER 29. PORTULACACEAE.

57. Portulaca. Capsule 1-celled. cireumcissilly dehiscent, through the
pericarp and the two enclosing sepals. | Placenta basal, seeds numerous,
attached by slender stalks. Herbs.

ORDER 30. CARYOPHYLLACEAE.

Capsule 1-celled (enclosed in the calyx tube). Placenta central or
basal. Seeds usually many. Herbs.
58. Silene. Capsule sometimes 3-celled at base (6-valved at summit).
Seeds several.
59. Saponaria. Capsule 4-valved at summit (seeds about 4).

ORDER 31. ANONACEAE.

60. Asimina. Fruit an oblong berry, with several large, flat, hori-
zontal seeds (solitary or 2-3 on a receptacle, yellowish-green about 1 dm
long). Small tree.

16 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

ORDER 32... RANUNCULACEAE.

Fruit a single carpel. (An akene or follicle, more than 1 to each
flower.) Herbs.

61. Aquilegia. Follicles 5 (or 4) erect. Seeds numerous (smooth).

62. Delphinium. Follicles erect (3). Seeds numerous (deeply reticu-
lated).

63. Anemone. Akenes numerous, flattened, pointed, but not plumose
tailed, from slightly pubescent to densely woolly. (Style not much longer
than the body.)

64. Clematis. Akenes numerous, long-tailed, margined. Vines.

65. Myosurus. Akenes numerous on a much elongaied receptacle
(flat, quadrangular, with a ridge on back extending up into a beak).

66. Ranunculus. Akenes numerous in a globose or oblong head
(glabrous, lenticular, more or less obliquely beaked)

67. Thalictrum. Akenes few, ribbed, scarcely flattened.

ORDER 33. MENISPERMACEAE.

68. Menispermum. Drupe globular, 1-seeded, stigma sear near base.
Stone dise-shaped, thicker at the edges than in the middle. Woody vine.

ORDER 34. PAPAVERACEAE

Fruit dry, 1-celled ; placentae parietal, (dehiscent ; seeds numerous.)
Herbs.

69. Argemone. Capsule prickly (4-5 valved from the top along the
sutures, placentae extending upward and persistent with the stigma
after the separation of the valves. Seeds globose).

70. Bicuculla. Placentae 2, capsule dehiscing along the sutures.
Seeds crested (black, shining, slightly pitted).

71. Capnoides. (Ditfers from Sicuculla in having the capsule more
slender, 1 em long, 14 mm wide, and torulose).

ORDER 35. CRUCIFERAE.

Fruit a 2-carpelled capsule, 2-celled by a false partition extending
between the 2 parietal placentae, dehiscing by the separation of the
2 valves from the partition. Herbs.

KEY TO OUR GENERA.

1. Capsule more or less elongated, flattened parallel to partition...... 2
1. Capsule elongated, terete or 4-angled:. eas. .c.. - 2... te eee 5
1. Capsule short, flattened contrary to partition....................... 6
9) Vial ves Nervelesss wit cos cens soe ccies. 6 emeee neo eials sic. cet ann teeaenene 3
2. Valves 1-nerved, flat, linear, sometimes curved, seeds

(in brow) flat,margined: or wingedijee, = 5..2.,))s+-5ee Arabis. 72

3. Capsule oval-oblong, ends rounded, seeds in 2 rows,
(flat, minutely pitted), 22 eavecc.-). tein tise etalon | Draba. 73

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 17

3. Capsule elongated, seedS in 1 TOW... 2.2.2.2... 0 cece cece ener eee eees 4
4. Capsule linear, flat, raceme elongated... ............ Cardamine. 74
4. Capsule tapering upward, raceme short................. Dentaria. 75
5: Valves nerveless, convex. Seeds small and numer- ;

ous; globular; (capsuleroblong yi: oo iee ey wack. ee bee Roripa. 76
5. Capsule strongly beaked, 1-seeded or empty. Seeds

PIOWOSS MIMI ATO We Seis ieis pelts sj satel sda lede lobe subaeke © aleveue Brassica. 77
5. Capsule cylindrical, not strongly beaked (closely ap-

PRESSCONGOMSLEMO) 2. hepeschsesiays aueretce nhs couse toe sss clean IAING dee Sisymbrium. 78
5. As above but capsules erect on snreadaie pedicels....Descurainia. 79
6. Elliptical, turgid, style prominent................. . _..Camelina. 80
6. Triangular-obcordate; seeds numerous................206 Bursa. 81
Gy plenticulars Dseededeye 6.6 ssh reiseic.scisle le «ross « Vdlcversiefere » eee Lepidium. 82
6. Orbicular, with a wide wing; seeds few.................. Thlaspi. 83

OBDER 36. CAPPARIDACEAE.

Capsule i-celled with 2 parietal placentae. Seeds kidney-shaped.

Herbs.

84. Polanisia. Capsule sessile in the calyx, (glandular pubescent,
flattish. Dehiscent at apex where valves separate from placentae).

85. Cleome. Capsule raised on a(2cm) stipe, (glabrous, terete but
somewhat knotty. Valves completely separating from placentae).

ORDER 37. CRASSULACEAE.

86. Penthorum. Capsules 5 (4-6) — celled, the cells extending upwards
into a beak Calyx partially adnate to ovary. Dehiscence by the beaks
‘and sides falling away from the center and partitions. Seeds small and

very numerous.
ORDER 38. SAXIFRAGACEAE.

87. Ribes. Berry globose, 1-celled, many seeded; placentae, parietal;
calyx superior. Shrubs.

ORDER 39. PLATANACEAE.

88. Platanus. Fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded. indehiscent, coriaceous, club-
shaped, sessile in dense, peduncled heads, furnished with a copious
cluster of tawny hairs at base. ‘Trees.

ORDER 40. ROSACEAE.

Pistils 1 to many in each flower, simple. Fruit various, drupe,
follicle, akene, or aggregation of drupelets. Herbs, shrubs, or trees.

89. Pyrus Fruit a pome, the 2-5 carpels sunk in the receptacle
which completely encloses them, and more or less united with each
other. Receptacle fleshy, pericarp cartilaginous (the core), each
carpel 2-seeded (pome greenish, 2cm ormore). Trees.

18 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

90. Crataegus. Fruit a small pome (scarlet), but the pericarp or a
portion of it, becoming crustaceous, forming 1 to 5, 1-seeded nutlets.
Trees.

91. Rubus. Fruit an aggregation of numerous little drupelets on an
oblong receptacle. Calyx 5 parted, persistent. Shrubs.

92. Fragaria. Fruit formed of the enlarged and pulpy, scarlet re-
ceptacle, with the numerous akenes upon its surface. Calyx 10-
cleft, persistent. Herbs.

93. Potentilla. Akenes several in a head (receptacle pubescent).
Calyx 10-cleft, persistent. Herbs.

94. Geum. Akenes numerous in a head; long style persistent
(hooked at extremity). Herbs.

95. Agrimonia. Akenes 2, enclosed in the top-shaped“ calyx tube,”’
the upper part of which is beset with numerous hooked bristles.
Herbs.

96. Rosa. Akenes or nutlets several, bony and hairy, enclosed by
the urn-shaped fleshy receptacle. Calyx lobes 5, more or less per-
sistent. Shrubs.

97. Prunus. Drupe with a large more or less 2 edged stone. (Glo-
bose or ovoid, scarlet or yellowish, or dark red.) Trees or shrubs.

ORDER 41. LEGUMINOSAE.

Fruit a legume. A single carpel with a parietal placenta. De-
hiscence along both sutures, or indehiscent. Sometimes 2-celled by a
false partition between the sutures or jointed by transverse partitions
between the seeds. Herbs, shrubs. or trees.

KEY TO OUR GENERA.

1. Fruit separating into 1-seeded indehiscent joints,
flat, beset with minute barbed hairs. Herbs...... -.. Meibomia. 98
tT. sNotseparatingsintomointss.s... aceite 1. ieee elector Pe
9. TROSUME {PLUCKY xeasi csc etetewic tiene ole iso oles 2 SESS arta Ne terete 3
9. TWegume WNarmediy 5. .1-/3 4. tee 2 er eee «cis de = icles exer 4
3. Prickles hooked, legume slightly dehiscent, oblong,
few seeded: “Herbs:s:.steccc. sce. + cee eee Glycyrrhiza. 99
Prickles straight, legume 4-valved by the separation
of the sides from the two thickened margins.
Seeds several, scurfy. Prickly herbs................ Morongia. 100
4. Elongated, usually dehiscent, several seeded, not
inflated: isis jie cheese se tees Oot eecoieere 5
4. Notelongated, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent................. 15
5. Ibarge, woody, scarcely. dehiscent. ..)i) 2222.) -ie 2. seeaiceene ee 6
5. Smallersnot woody, dehiscent... smeccece e-em d tetetiereore 7
6. Oblong, seeds orbicular, flattish, large (13 to 2 cm).

surrounded by pulp. Trees.............-..-..-:@Gymnocladus. 101

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

18.

21.

22.

23.

Elongated, usually twisted; seeds oblong 5x13 mm.

ERM OTMYVAtHECSeauiac ts ceeds eects oder eis Weta dat Gleditschia.
Coiled spirally, seyeral seeded. Herbs................ Medicago.
JNO COXON ENG bs needy vahel ences cO TCS Gey Ene ONCE A Ene A ES TE pea ee a
Ventral suture, wing margined, legume thin and flat...........
INOtiwinged yes ees ee cca 1G EDACEE COS RED EE atm seas
Legume rounded above. Trees................. cael tats Robinia.
Legume acute at both ends. Trees...................006. Cercis.
Seeds separated by transverse partitions ...............cececeees
INONCrANS Verse) PALtiblONS As sees we eee tie cele eh se aes lsee ee:
Legumes in racemes, several seeded... ............2-06. Cassia.
‘Legumes in heads, few seeded.................0eccecccees Acuan.
Legume and seeds flat. Vines........ Peete eetaratat cS ste at creo telah ao's
Legume terete or somewhat flattened ............. 0... ec ec eee eee
Ciliate margined, 3 to4cm long...................0.000- Faleata.
Glabrous, margin thickened, 10 cm long................... Apios.
Seeds globular, valves glabrous, not conspicuously

coiled in dehiscence................... PS Hare SEM asec ee
Seeds oblong or angular, valves pubesent, tightly

coiled in dehiscence.’ “Vines... .. 2.2.6. 0.....05.5-2- Phaseolus.
Legume enclosed in the persistent calyx and corolla;

in heads ; small and thin, few seeded.... .......... Trifolium.
CWorollapdecidwmOuUsis sas woe he ec stetele eo alon relates ielsein es esata slcmren neal
Legume several seeded, usually inflated ......................00-
VEG MIME = 2-SECMEM erm rs \aeyiuercisceeraycectiotan el avelal apetels s/s! olelle eels) s.slave)
Strongly beaked and stipitate, tardily dehiscent,

seeds numerous; calyx persistent.... ... .........0. Baptisia.
Not conspicuously beaked or stipitate................0.0.0 eee eee
One-celled, inflated, dehiscent, seeds rattling in the

JOO YO Ve ae MRR ya ol SHA ati tito es ca ee st aC Se A Crotalaria.
Two-celled and inflated, or 1-celled and turgid,

slightly or tardily dehiscent, oblong or ovoid ...... Astragalus.
Flat, orbicular, reticulated, 1-seeded, included in

ETALK afases tre enetel RMMIE oce cst atier Sys elsaia ebaicn sola ie eerste ¥!sv6 Lespedeza.
INGO THAS HA DON Cie tleioi retro eles aucune rsa Ck avemeralure ls Micie il el alvia/ovaisuoreeteales
In dense spikes, included in calyx, not flattened....Kuhnistera.
Terete, oblong, not included in calyx...............0.220+-c000e0
Flattened or globose, or if oblong, enclosed in calyx .. ........
Canescentior glandular. Shrubs..:. :..../......-...¢ Amorpha.
Glabrows io Ele rbsy ie ty ee iie hls a Sassi aa ai anata nih Melilotus.
Calyx teeth long, persistent, very villose............... Parosela.
Calyx teeth, not villose; legume indehiscent........... Psoralea.
Hive tosixemAlong- lem wide 2 sa... 4. te visis ec ciselae s Lathyrus.

Two to three cm long, one-half em wide................... Vicia.

19

20 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

ORDER 42. GERANIACEAE.

123. Geranium. Capsule 5-celled , 5-valved , 5-lobed, the receptacle
extending up between the cells as a long 5-sided beak; cells 1-seeded.
Valves dehiscing elastically upward from the base along the beak.

ORDER 48. OXALIDACEAE.

124. Oxalis. Capsule 5-celled,(5-sided) oblong, loculicidally dehiscent.
Seeds few or numerous, forcibly pinched out during dehiscence, the
valves then collapsing. Herbs.

ORDER 44. LINACEAE.

125. Linum. Capsule 5-carpelled, 5-celled, or 10-celled by false parti-
tions from the back of each carpel (10-valved from the top, false
partitions extending about half way to axis). Seeds flat, smooth,
developing mucilage on wetting. Herbs.

ORDER 45. RUTACEAE.

126. Xanthoxylum. Carpels 3-5, raised on a short stalk. Pericarp
thick and fleshy (red, turning brown), 2-valved, exposing the lor2
globose, shining, black, crustaceous seeds. Prickly shrub.

ORDER 46. POLYGALACEAE.

127. Polygala. Capsule 2-celled, 2-seeded, loculicidally 2-valved.
Seeds carunculate (caruncle 2 lobed or 2-winged). Herbs.

ORDER 47. EUPHORBIACEAE.

Capsule (except croton monanthogynus) 3-lobed, 3-celled, 3-seeded,

6-valved, valves separating from the persistent centre. Herbs.

128. Croton. Capsule sessile in the calyx (stellate pubescent),
C. monanthogynus has the capsule 1 or 2 celled and 1 or 2 seeded.

129. Acalypha. Capsules supported by a leaf-like involucre. Calyx
present. Seeds caruncled.

130. Tragia. Calyx present. Seeds not caruncled (globose) capsule
bristly.

131. Euphorbia. Capsule stalked in a cup-shaped involuere. Calyx
none.

ORDER 48. CALLITRICHACEAE.

182. Callitriche. Fruit solitary and sessile, or nearly so, in the axils
of the leaves, 4-lobed, compressed, 4-celled, separating at maturity into 4
indehiscent nutlets. Low marsh or aquatic herbs.

ORDER 49. ANACARDIACEAE.

133. Rhus. Fruit drupaceous, 1l-seeded; stone surrounded by thin,
waxy pulp. Sepals inferior (persistent). Shrubs.

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 21

ORDER 50. CELASTRACEAE.

(Capsule somewhat fleshy, lobed, loculicidally dehiscent. Seeds 1
or 2 in each cell, enveloped in a conspicuous scarlet aril. Shrubs.)
134. Huonymus. (Capsule 4-celled, purple. Upright shrub.)
135. Celastrus. Capsule orange, 3-celled. Woody vine.

OrvDER 51. STAPHY LEACEAE.

136. Staphylea. Capsule 3-celled, 3-lobed, thin, much inflated (3-5 cm
long), tardily dehiscent along ventral sutures at the top. Seeds few in
each cell, bony. Shrub.

ORDER 52. ACERACEAE.

137. Acer. Fruit deeply 2-lobed, dry, the lobes separating at maturity,
each portion forming al-seeded samara. Wing unsymmetrical, terminal
and extending down the inner side. Trees.

ORDER 538. HIPPOCASTANACEAE.

1388. Aesculus. Capsule 3-celled, loculicidally 3-valved, leathery (more
or less prickly) 1-3 seeded. Seeds large (2 cm or more) with a thick,
shining (brown) seedcoat and a large pale scar. Shrubs or trees.

OrpDER 54. BALSAMINACEAE.

1389. Impatiens. Capsules 5-celled, 5-valved, dehiscing violently and
throwing out the few seeds in each cell. Valves coiling after dehis-
cence. Herbs.

ORDER 55. RHAMNACEAE.
~ 140. Ceanothus. Capsules 3-lobed, 3-celied, supported by the cup-
shaped disk. Carpels separating from each other and also dehiscing part
way down the dorsal suture. Low shrubs.

141. Hhamnus. Drupe black, globose and berry-like, stones 2, ovate,
flattish, a groove on back and a line along the face, cartilaginous, finally
opening along the suture and letting out the smooth, hard, dark-brown
seed. ‘Tall shrub.

ORDER 56. VITACEAE.

Berry 2-celled, mostly 4-seeded. Seeds bony (with a prominent
dorsal rhaphe and a deep groove on one side, triangular obovate. Tendril
bearing woody vines).

142. Vitis. (Berry nearly black, edible. Leaves simple).

143. Parthenocissus. Berry nearly black, inedible. Leaves palmately
compound.

144. Ampelopsis. (Berry blue. Leaves simple.)

ORDER 57. TILIACEAE.

145. Tilia. Nut globular, 1-celled, (1-seeded, 7 mm broad, 5-angled
a@*base, surface felty-pubescent). In pedicelled clusters, the peduncle
attached to a leaf-like bract, which is deciduous with the cluster. Trees.

22 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

ORDER 58. MALVACEAE.

Carpels 5 to many, united in aring and separating at maturity, or
forming a several-celled capsuie. Pedicels jointed. Seeds kidney-
shaped. Herbs.

146. Abutilon. Carpels several (1216), separating from the central
axis and from each other, dehiscent at apex, (pubescent, beaked, seeds
about 3 in each carpel).

147. Malva. Carpels several, indehiscent, beakless, 1-seeded, calyx
lobes 5 with a 3-leaved involucel.

148. Callirrhoe. Carpels as in Malva, but beaked on inner angle, and
the beak separated by a partition (indehiscent). Involucel 3-leaved or
more.

149. Malvastrum. (Carpels 5, 1-seeded, kidney-shaped, softly hairy.
Calyx with a 3-leaved involucel. Seeds smooth )

150. Sida. No involucel, (carpels 5, 1l-seeded, dehiscent at apex, en-
closed in inflated calyx, beaked, tardily separating).

151. Hibiscus. Carpels united into a 5-celled, loculicidal capsule.
Involucel several leaved. (Calyx inflated, hairy, veiny. Seeds black,
slightly tuberculate.)

ORDER 59. HY PERICACEAE.

152. Hypericum. (Capsule 1-celled, septicidally 3-valved, with num-
erous seeds On 3 parietal placentae. Sepals 5, inferior, persistent. Herbs.)

ORDER 60. CISTACEAE.

Capsule 1-celled, with (3) parietal placentae, loculicidally (3) valved.
Herbs.

153. Helianthemum. (Capsules of the earlier flowers with valves widely
spreading, 5 mm long, several seeded ; of the later flowers considerably
smaller, and the valves spreading only slightly, few seeded.)

154. Lechea.. Capsule (14mm long) imperfectly 3-celled by the intrusion
of the placentae. Seeds 2 on each placenta.

ORDER 61. VIOLACEAE.

Capsule 1-celled, loculicidally 3-valved, placentae 3, parietal, on the
middle of the valves. (Capsule obtusely 3-angled, dehiscing violently,
the valves becoming boat-shaped and widely spreading.) Sepals persis-
tent,inferior. Herbs.

155. Viola. Sepals auricled. aoa numerous (ovate, smooth, hard,
with a round scar at base and a linear scar at apex. Capsule 3-1 cm long).
156. Calceolaria. Sepals not auricled. (Capsule 6 mm long, 5 mm
wide, about 6-seeded. Seeds globose, slightly flattened, nearly black,
2mm wide )
OrDER 62. LOASACEAE

157. Mentzelia. Capsule inferior, 1-celled. with 8 parietal placentae,

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 23

oblong or club-shaped, pubescent with barbed hairs, breaking away at
summit. Seed few or several. Herbs.

ORDER 63. CACTACEAE.

Berry inferior, 1-celled, seeds few or numerous on several parietal
placentae. (Fleshy. prickly herbs with scale-like leaves.)
158. Oacius. Plant globose, covered with spine bearing tubercles.
(Berry ovoid, scarlet ; seeds few, black, pitted.)
159. Opuntia. Plant consisting of joints, (flat, oval. Berry oblong,
pink. Seeds numerous, enclosed in a tough aril.)

OrpDER 64. LYTHRACEAE.

Capsule thin and menibranous, tightly enclosed in the calyx tube.
Seeds numerous. Placentae axil. Herbs.

160. Ammannia. Calyx 4-ribbed. Capsule 2-4 celled, but at maturity
the partitions break away more or less, leaving the placentae in the axis.
Dehiscence an irregular bursting. (Capsules clustered in the axils of the
sessile leaves. )

161. Rotala. Differs from Ammannia in having the capsule minutely
and densely striate.

162. Lythrum. Capsule oblong, 2-celled (dehiscent along partitions at
top. Calyx 10-14 ribbed, 5-7 toothed with as many short appendages in
the sinuses. Almost sessile in loose racemes.)

ORDER. 65. ONAGRACEAE.

Fruit inferior, dry, dehiscent or indehiscent, 1-5 celled. Herbs.

163. Jussiaea. Capsule oblong (arcuate, tapering at base, 5-celled, 10-
ribbed, seeds numerous in 1 row, angled). ‘‘Opening between the ribs.”’

164. Ludwigia. Capsule short, many seeded (4-angled, 4-celled, dehisc-
ing by a hole in the top or breaking away irregularly. Calyx lobes 4, per-
sistent).

“165. Hpilobium. Capsule linear, many-seeded, 4-celled, loculicidally 4-
valved. Seeds numerous, provided with a tuft of fine, soft hair at one
end.

166. Anagra. Capsule 4-celled, loculicidally 4 valved. Seeds numerous,
naked. (Capsule in terminal spikes, 4 sided, ribbed, sessile.)

167. Oenothera. As above (but capsules cylindrical, axilliary, sessile).

168. Xylopleurum. AS above (but capsules shortly pedicelled, clayate-
fusiform, in a loose spike with 4 narrow wings and ribbed between).

169. Megapterium. As above (but capsules axillary, with 4 broad wings,
3 cm wide).

170. Meriolyx. As above (but capsules axillary, sessile, 4-sided, usually
arcuate, linear, canescent).

171. Gaurw. Fruit indehiscent, 1 celled, 4-angled or winged (1-seeded).

172 Stenosiphon. Fruit.as in Gaura, but 8-ribbed, 2 or 3-of the ribs
winged, transversely wrinkled, villous.

24 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

173. Circaea. Fruit indehiscent, beset with hooked hairs (2-celled, 2-
seeded, rounded, tapering below into the pedicel).

ORDER 66. HALORRHAGIDACEAE.,
174, Myriophyllum. Fruit 4-celled, 4-lobed, 4-seeded, indehiscent sessile
in the axils of the leaves. Aquatic herbs.

ORDER 67. UMBELLIFERAE.

Fruit 2-carpelled, dry. At maturity the 2 carpels separate from
the central axis, forming 1-seeded, indehiscent akene-like bodies. Calyx
superior. The back of each carpel is provided with 5 primary ribs or
wings, and often with 4 intermediate or secondary ribs. Fruit in umbels
or heads.

175. Polytaenia. Carpels much flattened dorsally, oval, 3 ribs on back
fine, 2 lateral corky-thickened.

176. Peucedanum. As above, but lateral ribs thin-winged.

177. Sanicula. Carpels nearly globose, beset with hooked prickles.

178. Osmorrhiza. Carpels linear, attenuate downward into a tail, some-
what bristly (2-3 em long).

179. Cicuta. Carpels slightly compressed laterally, ribbed (3-4 mm).

180. Deringa. Carpels linear, glabrous, ribbed (5-7 mm). Umbels
irregular.

181. Spermolepis. Carpels small (14 mm), ovate, papillose, ribbed.

ORDER 68. CORNACEAE.

182. Cornus. Drupe with a 2-celled, 2-seeded stone. Calyx superior.
(In cymes, blue or white. Stone longitudinally ridged. Shrubs.)

ORDER 69. PRIMULACEAE.

Capsule 1-celled, placenta central, seeds several. Herbs.

188. Androsace. Capsule 5-valved at apex (ovoid, 4 mm.)

184. Steironema. Capsule 4-valved at apex (globose, 5-6 mm).

185. Anagallis. Capsule dehiscent by a circumcissile line about the
middle.

ORDER 70. OLEACEAE.

186. Fraxvinus. Samara symetrically winged from apex. Trees.
(Calyx inferior, minute, persistent. Wing somewhat decurrent along
the sides. Samara 1-celled, 1-seeded.)

ORDER 71. GENTIANACEAE.

187. Gentiana. *‘‘Capsula oblong, 2-valved, 1-celled, dehiscent through
the 2 ventral sutures. Seeds very numerous, borne over the whole inner
surface of the capsule.”

ORDER 72. APOCYNACEAE.

188. Apocynum. Fruit 2 long and slender follicles. Seed numerous,
provided with a coma at apex. (Follices pendent, glabrous, 10 cm.)
Herbs.

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN: PLANTS. 25

ORDER 73. ASCLEPIADACEAE.

Follicles 2, (fusiform). Seeds numerous (comose). Herbs.
ORDER 74. CONVOLVULACEAE.

Capsule mostly 2-celled and 4-seeded or less, (3-celled and 6-seeded
in Ipomoea hederacea). Twining, trailing or erect herbs.
189. Ipomoea, Calyx not bracteate at base. Capsule globose, 2-4-
valved. (1 cm or more long.)
190. Convolvulus. As in Ipomoea but calyx with 2 large bracts at base.
191. Hvolvulus. (Capsule 3-4 mm long, 2-4-valved. Erect herb.)

ORDER 75. CUSCUTACEAE.

192. Cuscuta. Parasitic, orange-colored , twining herbs. (Capsule
‘very thin and papery, indehiscent, breaking away irregularly, 2-3 mm
high. )

ORDER 76. POLEMONIACEAE,

193. Phlox. Capsule 3-celled, loculicidally 3-valved, 3-seeded (calyx
lobes long-acuminate, persistent. Capsule globular, smooth, 5mm long).
Herbs.
ORDER 77. HYDROPHYLLACEAE.

194. Macrocalyx. Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved, with 2 much enlarged
parietal placentae, 4-seeded. Calyx enlarged, 5-angled. Herbs.

ORDER 78. BORRAGINACEAE.

Fruit (in ours) deeply 4-lobed, separating into 4 indehiscent, 1-

seeded nutlets. Leaves alternate. Herbs.

195. Cynoglossum. Nutlets armed all over the back with barbed
prickles.

196. Lappula. Nutlets armed (along the margin with 1 row of barbed
prickles. )

197. Lithospermum. Nutlets bony (smooth and glossy,sometimes wrink-
led, acutish), often less than 4 maturing, scar basal.

198. Onosmodium. Nutlets much asin Lithospermum. (Plant bristly-
hairy, + to 14 M high. Leaves oblong. Nutlets pearly white.)

ORDER 79... VERBENACEAE.

(Fruit dry, not lobed, separating into 2-4 indehiscent, 1-seeded nut-
lets. Herbs with opposite leaves.)

199. Verbena. Fruits in terminal spikes, enclosed in the 5-toothed
calyx, separating into 4 nutlets. (Nutlets oblong, 4-sided, 2 sides occu-
pied by the scar.)

200. Lippia. Fruits in short, long-peduncled axillary spikes. (Calyx
2-lipped, 2-edged.)

26 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

ORDER 80. PHRYMEAE.

201. Phryma, Fruits in a long, loose, slender spike, almost sessile,
reflexed and closely appressed to axis, enclosed in the calyx. Calyx teeth
5, the 3 upper, now outer, coriaceous and extending into spine-like pro-
jections, 2 lower triangular. Adapted for catching hairs in the 2 ‘‘boot
jack”? sinuses of the upper calyx teeth. Fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded, with
thin pericarp. Herbs.

ORDER 81. LABLATAE.

Fruit 4-lobed, separating into 4, l-seeded nutlets. Herbs with op-
posite leaves.

KEY TO OUR GENERA.

Ice -Niutlets*nugose-reticulateds: . cron fe ann cd ne eee oe. a cee Ps
ie Notreticulatedteecn 4 cetecacoe eater is iebtytectoeete se » MERE 3
2 winvaiterminalyspixes leaves Senrates seer eeeerereerreee Teucrium. 202
2. Axillary; leaves narrow, nearly entire.................. Isanthus. 2038
3. Fruit in terminal heads, supported by leaf-like bracts... ....... 4
3. In closely approximate clusters forming a terminal spike........ 5
30 ,solitary ux Clustered imy thera tly aye. = Oe oer ee ao eee eee 9
4. Calyx hairy in throat, leaves ovate to lanceolate....... Monarda. 204
4. Calyx naked in throat, leaves linear lanceolate ...... .. Koellia. 205
5. a Calyse strongly ?2-ipped anh cae ce «2 seer ae xe koa eee 6
50 Galyx.about equally 5-tuotheditiac: “zi .c5. Sobek. Lee: | eee 7
Gr slobesrentire; spike elongatedterneeer se aatmee eee e er Salvia. 206
6. Upper lip 3-toothed, lower 2-toothed, spike oblong,
with conspicuous, reniform ciliate bracts..... ....... Prunella. 207
7. Spike dense, calyx teeth obtuse.................. ee V leckia. 208
7. Spike more or less interrupted, calyx teeth acuminate........... 8
8... Stem glabrous, leaves sessile . ooo 2.2:. 06 ec... ccrts ae ... Physostegia. 209
8. Stem smooth except angles, leaves petioled............. Stachys. 210
8. Stem downy, calyx-teeth spinose..................--...-. Nepeta. 211
9. Calyx strongly 2-lipped, closed; upper lip helmet-
SHAPCO olin ca aris assis hin Meee oe ees oi «nds ts eee Scutellaria. 212
9. Calyx about equally toothed, sometimes oblique. ...... .... prem wl,
10. Clusters loose, few flowered, leaves reniform .......... Glechoma. 213
10. -Clusters Gens@mii seis. Hae aod.) Secor eee oe Sa huithee eine 11
11. Calyx gibbous at base, 3 upper teeth recurved ........ Hedeoma 214
LAS Calyx NOt sib DOUGH. Fs Aerts EZ Deeper teed sean boi akt ane enacts 12
125 eLeethi strongly ;spinescent.s-4.ce 0 seer aes eae 13
12:5" Peethiinot-spinescent ss ,2a hie ta es. BIER. Se 14
13° Teeth.5; calyx smooth: SiGi 50... sepa ® Sak Daten Leonurus. 215
13) Resthe0.-calyx-woollye.. Meee. sree ee een Marrubium. 216
14. Plant downy, odor of mint strong................... ... Mentha. 217

14) Smooth: notstronelysaromatic’ = seer ee eee eee Lycopus. 218

bo
=I

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

ORDER 82. SOLANACEAE.

Fruit 2-celled, many seeded, a capsule or berry. Calyx inferior.
Herbs.

219. Solanum. (Berry globose, black or yellow; seeds flat. Calyx per-
sistent at base of berry or in S. rostratum enlarged and prickly, enclosing
the berry which becomes dry at maturity.)

220. Physalis. Berry globose, enclosed in the enlarged and inflated,
5-angled, papery calyx. Seeds flat.

221. Datura. Capsule ovoid, beset with stout prickles, 4-valved. Pla-
centae 2 lobed, protruding from center of partition. A false partition
extends from the center of each placenta, making the capsule 4-celled
except near the top. Seeds flat, (kidney-shaped, pitted).

ORDER 83. SCROPHULARIACEAE.

_ Capsule 2-celled, many seeded (2-4-valved). Calyx inferior. Herbs.

222. Verbascum. Capsules in spikes or racemes, globose, septicidally
dehiscent, 2-valved, valves 2-cleft, separating from partitions. Seeds
numerous, wrinkled.

223. Scrophularia. Capsules (5-6 mm) in a terminal thyrsus, septicid-
ally dehiscent. valves beaked, a narrow portion of partition remaining at
axis. (Seeds papillate in longitudinal rows.)

224. Pentstemon. Capsule (1-13 cm) in a terminal thyrus, septicidally
dehiscent, valves inclined to split. (Seeds very angular.)

225. Mimulus. Capsules (5-10 mm) axillary, enclosed in the (angular)
calyx, loculicidally 2-valved, valves sometimes 2-cleft. (Seeds plump,
sometimes winged, one-fifth to two-fifths mm).

226. Conobea. Capsules 1 to few on capillary pedicels in the axils,
(4-valved, separating from axis. Placentae large. Seeds one-fifth mm
longitudinally grooved).

227. Bacopa. Capsules 1 to few in the axils, on thick pedicels. (De-
hiscence as in Conobea. Seeds two-fifths mm, striate.)

228. Ilysanthes. Capsules (5 mm) single in the axils, pedicels capillary.

229. Veronica. “Capsules racemed or axillary (flattened contrary to
partition, notched at apex. Dehiscence loculicidal or also septicidal.
Seeds coneavo-convex or ovoid). Calyx lobes 4.

230. Gerardia. Capsules axillary, globose (4-valved, enclosed in hemi-
spherical calyx tube). ‘* Seeds angulate.”’

ORDER 84. LENTIBULARIACEAE.

231. Utricularia. Capsule globose, 1-celled, many-seeded, placenta cen-
tral, ‘‘ bursting irregularly ”’ (Pedicels recurved, calyx. 2-lipped, persist-
ent, inferior. Seeds oblong,z mm). Aquatic herbs.

ORDER 85. OROBANCHACEAE
232. Orobanche ¢Aphylion. Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved. Seeds very small and

28 KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

numerous. (Each valve carrying 2 parietal placentae 4 the way from the
edge. Capsule solitary on a scape about 1 dm high, enclosed more or less
in the withered 5 lobed calyx. Seeds one-fifth mm, oblong, coat loose,
reticulated,) chlorophylless herbs.

ORDER 86. ACANTHACEAE.

Japsule 2-celled, loculicidally dehiscent, few seeded ; va'ves sepa-
rating elastically. Herbs. (Seeds lenticular, supported by curved
stalks. )

233 Ruellia. (Capsules nearly sessile in axillary clusters, oblanceolate,
14 to2cm. Seeds 4 to 8, minutely hairy.)

234. Diantheru. (Clusters of capsules long peduncled Capsules 1 em.
Seeds 4, glabrous.)

ORDER 87. PLANTAGINACEAE.

235. Plantago. Capsules in dense spikes, 2-celled, few-seeded, circum-
eissilly dehiscent, partition remaining or falling away with lid. Herbs
with ribbed leaves, all radical.

ORDER 88. RUBIACEAE.

Calyx superior. (Fruit dry, 2-4-celled, 1 to few seeded.) Herbs or

ghrubs.

236. Cephalanthus. Fruit (58 mm long) in dense globose heads, ** at
length splitting from base upwards into 2-4, 1-seeded portions.” Shrubs,

237. Houstonia. Capsules in cymes, upper portion free, locnlicidally
dehiscent across the free portion, 2-celled (2-3 mm, 4-ribbed below. Seeds
few, black, oblong, pitted ) Herbs.

238. Galium. Fruit 2-celled (dry), splitting into 2 (globose, bristly)
indehiscent, 1-seeded portions. Herbs with whorled leaves.

ORDER 89. CAPRIFOLIACEAE.

Fruit drupaceous (in ours). Calyx superior. Herbs or shrubs.

239. Sumbucus (Fruits in broad cymes. Stones 3. Fruit dark purple,
globose,5 mm. Stones flattened, 2-edged, roughened). Shrubs.

240. Symphoricarpos. Fruits in axillary clusters. Stones 2. (Fruit
red, 3 to5 mm, globose. Stones plano-convex, smooth, bony.) Shrubs.

241. Triosteum. Fruits sessile in axillary clusters, flesh becoming dry.
Stones 3. (Fruit yellow or orange, canescent, globular, 1 cm. Stones
ribbed). Herbs.

ORDER 90. CUCURBITACEAE.

Calyx superior. Seeds large and flat Climbing or trailing herba-
_ ceous vines.

242. Hehinocystis. Capsule inflated, weakly prickly, 2-celled, 4-seeded,
bursting at apex, inner portion fibrous-reticulated, (the 2 seeds in each
cell partially separated by a partition )

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 29

243. Sicyos. Fruit ovate, flat, indehiscent, 1-celled, 1-seeded, prickly
with slender, easily detached, downwardly barbed bristles.

244. Cucurbita. Fruit indehiscent, 1-celled, covered with a smooth,
hard rind. Seeds numerous on several parietal placentae. (Rind thin,
seeds contained in the dry and fibrous contents. Fruit ovoid or globose,
light y ellow, 6-8 cm long. )

ORDER 91. CAMPANULACEAE.

Capsule many seeded, adherent to calyx tube. Herbs.

245. Lobelia. Capsule 2-celled, dehiscing loculicidally across the upper
free portion. (Seeds + mm, oblong, papillose.)

246. Campanula.. (Capsules clustered in wand-like spikes, 3-celled,
dehiscing by a circular hole near the top, opposite each partition )

247 Legouzia. (Capsules axillary, 1-celled with 1 parietal placenta,
or 2 or 8 celled with axil placentae. Sometimes tending to split from the
top )

ORDER 92. COMPOSITAE.

Akenes sessile in heads surrounded by a nany-bracted involucre,
usually crowned by bristles, chaff or other appendages (the pappus), and
often with interspersed scales on the receptacle. Herbs

KEY TO OUR GENERA,

is eaAppusiot fine capillaryebLIStleS sig. cry te ae cies Sepalyccle ac cabhs = 2
1. Pappus not of capillary bristles.......... HE HAS A BOOT ATG 20
2. Pappus supported upon a narrow beak ................ Pls ai ee 3
Bh, | ANREMES OG WENBHOMT REO Sas oauodunbeeeouueoh sono penonoHesoss 5
8 Akenes very flat.......... ES af UI RN i Re Lactuca 248
SAC UAUKEMES EM OG ab mT DEM ica etna te werceeN aun erate SHUR aU TNO UGe, og 4
4. Oblong, ribs spinulose above, pappus white.......... Taraxacum 249
4, Fusiform, ribs not spinulose, pappus tawny....... Pyrrhopappus 250
5 Involucral bracts spiny tipped, akenes flattish, smooth..Carduus 251
Ga IOw Selah Horoynmesrol. oso y oh ah Ales SiN ie Sletten 6
Gieeakenes ation fathish see 4.5 ees. sce LE IG eR MAB Ie ea 7
OMe Ncenes mot fallen e@aam perme ne tii sect ose as nlals secs sete & 10
em linvolneralubracts MISC VeraleGOWSs cai. csc occ secon s sconce: 8
ee VOlICLA WOkACES IM 1AOE2RMOWS ints s cin eave ce welche osc otic cca: 9
8. 'Tapering, squarrose; pappus of few deciduous bristles. .Grindelia 252
8. Erect or spreading; pappus of numerous bristles............ Aster 258
SB iiigid HOV Db TRONS. 6:5)0 6:5 dla odie Gel IRAN Uy GIR A pn UM a eA Erigeron 254
9. In 2 rows, inner equal, outer short and unequal Deda hanee Prenanthes 255
lO Pee bractsetMmmpandlscariOUs swe seeds tess k cate sc ce men men it 11
LOSS BIACts NOUSCATIOUSH LIE MGI, RO) Ieee DO erie 12
Whee ANIOYO) WN is ie dcx 3s dd a od. Goes saa ace chan ae uae .... Antennuria 256

30)

15.

15.

16.

25.

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS.

Leaves, at least lower, opposite; akenes 5-angled..... Eupatorium 258
heaves altermate. Hoek ak leech pet lnnte ae a ene 13
Bracts in 1 row, sometimes with a few short outer ones......... 14
Bractsin’severalerows?: tid... ieiiaee lace se eel eee eee 17
Heads corymbose-clustered at summit, bracts in l row....... ... 15
Heads'solitanyconra scapes. s.csss eee he eee Troximon 259
Heads sessile along the rush like branches of the

stem: leavesiscale-lthe. 2.20... us csdacecdiaan eee : ee 260
Headsinia naked) looseimanicles 245.4. 2 eee eee al:
Involuere’s-bracted/5-Howered 2s. .2 9. ies oe le clees oe coe ere C tatcalin 261
Inyolucre several bracted, several flowered................ Senecio 262
Involucreiand*peducle'slandular..2:.2.,02022., see Hieracium 2638
Involucre pubescent, not glandular.................... Prenanthes 264
Bracts appressed, yellowish, heads 8-8 mm high;

PAapPPUS: WhibehwTAseAIA e e, - Bee ee nha ee Solidago 265
Bracts loosely imbricated or spreading, green or

greenish, headswargers.. «22 vee cece: ee, VAtsci hehe Set aeae 18
Eeadspinawand-lWke Spike@si oc. -ietso ee cee ceteniee eae Laciniaria 266
Heads corymbose-clustered or paniculate.....................22. 19
Pappus white, very plumose; akenes 5 mm............... Kuhnia 267
Pappus brown or red, not plumose; akenes 2-3 mm...... Vernonia 268
Involucrepesetawithshooks Tonmine abun see eee eee eee 21
Involucremotiburclikevae ss... 022 cece ete: sere eee Eee 22
Bur of numerous separate bracts; akenes several........ Arctium 269
Bur indurated enclosing the 2 akenes...................Xanthium 270
Akene single, enclosed in a top-shaped, indurated

INVOIMEKEES | stdsa ee ac Netcielate rover sets veraneel oe eters oe rte oe Ambrosia 271
Akenes several or numerous in each involucre................... 23
Heads in close terminal spikes; pappus none... ... . ....... Iva 272
Heads notin Spikes, iy cos oo. e Se eeleom seas Jo seule oem ere 23
Very. small, 2-4 mm high: panicled... cs0.\...--,.- ssee eer Artemisia 273
Larger, 5M OF MOLE (go. oo. stad oslo e ve saunas see eres oe 25
Receptacle naked (notchally )Cxisec0. «<0... 5. « peter eie s,s 26
Receptacle: chadly,..\. << ede «oe bie veo is cnon.es ccreetemrarcere ase 29
Imvolucral bracts mi several rows. «5. -crece eerie. soa. cee 27
Bracts in about | row, or with some short outer ones............ 28
Pappus none; akenes terete,ribbed; heads 14 em wide

eee Cee ACH ann ene coUrm tod s oonond Chrysanthemum 274
Pappus of 2 long bristles and several shorter ones;

akenes flat; heads 7-10 mm wide...................-.«+- Boltonia 275
Pappus of scales dissected into bristles; plant resin-

Ous dotted s 6 22. cemeche nematic no enorme erections «i oveometare Dysodia 276
Pappus of several obovate, opine. scarious scales;

arab WOOlM yc veces cow ea teredstaie ce) Si ere wis sersrerebetenebns ener s ,.. Hymenopappus 277

Akenes strongly flattened and wing-margined................... 30

KEY TO THE GENERA OF MANHATTAN PLANTS. 31

ANKENES MOL Wile MACteMed: aa corten menaiete sy elsitte lols ieieleletois cross sie stsum ee 31
Flattened radially; bracts few, nearly equal, re-

HONE. CeO ies GBs SOS EOE CHOOSE A ORIGINS: & Gane Ree TRE Actinomeris 277
Flattened tangentially, bracts numerous, in several

TO Ae Gus SiG Hy AU Glos Gator EP Oia CER Rec Rea ORIN hee CLE CaS a aA Silphium 279
Receptacle conical or columnar SRE EN Meira Acs waSivnaria la ie (aloes st elon retaented 82
Receptacle flatioralOwaGOmMmVye xe er yeters are elerers Wie! sierolsy's!e) a aehscern aie s/ai sieve sit 35
Colummanr; alkenes Matheme dice gacrsinc c/s leis iocieiei esi css « Lepachys 280
Conical or short oblong; akenes 4-sided.................000e cee es 33
Chaft spiny-pointed, rigid, brown; pappus toothed......Hchinacea 281
Clneatitsn OG Toi SPOUT tette conc yalererehelco ks cian a risiel alislate sinte o.com aene ini 34
Leaves opposite; inner bracts coriaceous, ee ae sasieaus Heliopsis 282
Leaves alternate; bracts all spreading. . ii _... Rudbeckia 283
Bracts in 2 series, inner appressed-coriaceous, Sater

METGDACEOMS VSPKEAGIT Oaionys criaeys cicssretetticrs sila thers aeace Welsrecolelsele eters 36
Bracts not as above; pappus none or 2 deciduous teeth........... 37
Pappus of 2 or more downwardly barbed spines........... Bidens 284
Fappusmonelorotshort teeth. . sassccn ose ace eves oe Coreopsis 285
Bracts numerous, in several rows, akenes 5mm or

SONORA An Go o'o ROC Oe bo ol.o GIO RetoG Cree ERIE RCo RBG RISE Helianthus 286
Bracts few or several; akeneslor2mm .. .............0..00000- 38
Heads smal, in corymbose clusters.......... ...ceeeceees Achillea 287
Heads medium, terminating the branches..................200005 39
Leaves opposite; bracts foliaceous...............eeeeceee: Eclipta 288

Leaves alternate; bracts appressed, somewhat scarious.. Anthemis 289

INDEX.

PAGE. PAGE.

A JASCLERTADACH ARE Hare aaee 25
VAlbutilon ae so Ce Be arp aae 99 ASTIN). 0 oie ee: oe 15
POH UNO ooobeos pei be ee 20 ANSTO Tes cio -a8 po0% oh eager... <7 29
ACANTHACEAE, ..2:...::40... 28 AStTOGOIUS.... crises sce oie ; 19
PACO Yet Sa Oe a keen eee Zi
ACERACEAE..... Maa ies es 21 B
Achillea...... dale eeteu sun 31 Bacopa..... a ayy ar Mohan wapndtie)< ofRend
DACHAU cae bk | CEN UG ASIN UeRN Ci ae 15 BALSAMINACKAE. .. . > 5 cote. ¢ 21
ACHINGTNOTAS: < eiee ore oe 31 BOEPUSUL: Sec cnslee | eee i9
ACU Me. Ste et The COUN 19 DETULACHARIII10 ER: 13
PAIGACED ENN en os a eal al BIGUCULLO REE eke OEE Ee 16
WAeSCAL iS ee en Se 21 UOLATES -fascrsenar sis: arels hee NO. 31
AGTUMOM. «ae eared, six tonnes 18 IBOCRMECTIO..... pon cae ee eee 14
TATION CUNO Sree eee ee, ee 15 ‘Boltonia: 2 te eee 30
AUUORUES 5 550: Rael eels vielen scons 15 BORRAGINACEAE..... ....... 25
PA aires <LI eB G 12 BT USS1COiictauss the with cobeeractece 17
CAN UST AN ee eae oe tone 11 BUY SO). Batre Teh cata eee eee 17
EATISITA CHAR eae cee oe Be rere 11
VAGVIEAVEAUN HINA @IKVAUEY cs eeiienecrin ore 15 c
PANN ARAN LUSH ine ee ener 15 COCO Re occ e 3
FAVAOTROSOS os es0docpeo 676 5% fe oD) CACTACHAT. 502 eee Ee 23
JAW DEOO DUG abla bbb ado oasdno oO be 23 COCIUSS eee hahaa eee 23
FANON DG aes ce ee 19 Calceolaria:. ... «.. sc.isia eee ee eee 22
SATTEDLLOMSIS IRIE ae ils Ketaeis ee 21 Calltrrhoe... .. .. 2.4 beee eee 22
PNISUNQUNIE DICACHDVID GGG gona aces 20 CATEITRICHA CHARS ee nerert 20
VAN POKOHNOSG catepetold Oe OD bine ec'c c 24 Calliiviche.,... 3 eee 20
SANGONU ane rerceie eee ceo ctee 23 Campanulit®-Sseeeee cee eee 2
Anaphalis........ Jie tghe 20) || “CAMPANULACHREEEEEEs «0. 29
TAN ATOSA COM eee ne 24 | COMECUNG: a. ee ore labios 17
LANRCMONC ie, Een cic 16 Cannabis. Aeon me eccioen 14
YNTSOISU NOI Hein. GAgbIag ooo ac 15 | Capnovlesmmerrericecte o.. 7 -c 16
VANLCNNGTLO omen 99°! “TCAPPARTDIAC HAIN 55.104. ciate 17
A ECINUSS PECL A nN ARR eee 31 | CAPRIEORIAGHAM.. .-. «<0. 200 Heo28
WAG ULOTIs . cneteqectetareia rs Aaa taatiior oF | COTdaneigieeee eas sti S00 ee 17
SAA LO Six. Menes afoiievere stores aerrrkeeie ets SS OLE 55 5. op egeeinmieE One < < 29
ISPOGY-NA CHAE. oe aeciione 24 | COMET eke ees soe 12
PA DOCUIUUN He eonreerrieonieiee Ren oe CARYORHMELACHAEH .-7-seeeee 15
PAG UBVE GU s,s, 2c tails Groner oeeks 16 BT eo 19
VALOIS cptloans ee oe Ore 16 GEGROUTUS ssc eee ‘cage
VAGRVAO BAU Scene ce ayereoiers Ay Soe ts 12 CETUASTRACHE AE: 5.70 eee 21
TA GSACTIVONR ie eon ee 12 CGIASURUS Sissi ce OLE Pil
VAP COLUMN Ursa sterol c Sevens Occ ee 30 GOLESI So d.scecssars.< 2d 3 BOIL 14
PAP GCTONG iiu.c: syste aie eis elles Acar 16 Cephalanthus..:. 9:25 eee . 28
LAT ECINUSTOR oe ae eee 80> il. POCROUS eee cee 19

PAGE
CHENOPODIACEAE..........-- 14
Chenopodiuniaeare cece: i jelccias 15
(HOS THOUS Es oo AOR Meo eon 30
(ORGVTRNG Seite en Same Ces 24
(HERG SA Meee ans canoe ee oA
C@TSTMAG BIA ajar Sake eicioneve eteiets 22
HAW TSS ISOS SU OSE ASO Oreo nae 16
(HATHOGI AE ais Sik aU ceweee 17
COMARCO Ee aoe e eee 14
COMMELINACEAE...........-. 12
COMNCinNG eee eee 12
CWOMPOSEDAM Ht eee kes eanie 29
CORRODE EO a ieee 27
CONVOLVULACEAE............ 20
Convoluwulusn suse e eee ele: 25
COPETIEISs 5 0 absimondosoeoe esos 31
CWOIRMACHIA SS 3). hin sino sce fleets 24
OORRUSE rote es exe eerie ae 24
CRASSULACEAE.........----0- 17
GrOtMeguss aaa elas deentn en 18
CTOOTO EEO eee Le
(ROOT SS al Seis terrae een 20
ORIUCIFERIAR Re cee coedca 16
(CloxooRinic ace oo Sue aano Me aa sic 29
CUCURBITACEAE.............. 28
GCuscuboe bers eels aici SH wia As)
CUSCUMACHAIE: 46s eee le 25
CUCLOLOMON cic aise ore 15
@ynoglossumascnn soc eels. oa: 25
OMAP ERIAC HAH Se geseiige cers 11
Gy Menswear i esetee/clote/s ps crane oe 12

' D
IDGHIDERDs Go eo66 ob 560050 BAGS A 27
JDAGN OAH Dad Goad oobob oun daoe be 16
ND CTL ONTO Eas Os a eee ie 17
DOTA NG Oe ee nae ccorerarnteshsiel sess 6 24
IDGOSCORPTOIMUON A S We Oa BocuS 0.60 blo bb 17
TDORGNGROS 4 Oe bee Bae.00.0 0 conone 28
PD PRCHOO 5 5s ae od ocd oie 16
JOVGOIND. so oton sonnei GoGo 30
E

LECLAR ACCOR hs oo ee eee 31
IKOMMOCGISWS ss oosooobcpoueOSdnS 28
IDG MMOCWTUS560 sb bahcddososode 11
IDG » cose soda uspe ERA rAls 31
LMAO MOIS s.6 6 o00 doo sO bn ae eb OOS 12
TIVO DS 60 “cocoocobanseaneaas 23

TUG CT OI Rind cape Ieee Norio. oe 29
LOM RONUI ee ene iee oiae 12
LE PUCRTONUUN. nee eee le
JONORUMRSs obo0 6606006 cob bac ipa
LOGDOUOF OW s 5 600060800 0000006 30
LDVEDKOROUG cbacacooe soo. 60006 20.
EUPHORBIACEAE......... .... 20
SHUOUONULUS Se 2s. arc i eee 25

PAGE
F
WAGACHAHS Aso lGs cade see 13
TEL COLOR REE IRA tend) aus ran) 19
od MROKO ONPG eects ees SNS ECE A eI 18
IH OGURUS AA Va at ve ieee 24
Froelichia.... Pee ear Blea Ly
JOUR GAS se Ora nets MORIN Bec 12
G
GROUT a AU EN th SU ate 28
GOUT ORRIN PR OU Sesnc it eri Ta Av 23
Gentian ae eI Cua nien 24
GENTIANACEAE.............. 24
GEHRAINTA CHAIN een a eens 20
Geran: pene DAD)
CUDA OB Su keh AEE Hees Has 18
(CEROWROMOTS Ss Gael eA ea a Ue 27
(GHEGOCHOGS SS SYA Uo as ook Gee as 26
Glegrtschian ee a eae eet 19
GLE CUTZ ee an 18
(GaRVANIVTIN EAVES Gye ied eGcleg Waa) a annie 1]
Grindelia..........- oe a Ce 29
GUMNOCLAGDUS ise es 18
GO GOSCOCKUS cl setn teen eon a 13
H
HALORRHAGIDACEAE........ 24
SEL CU COMO ye NY en Ra a 26
Helianthemum........0.--...-. Q2
Helianthus........ a apne eee Si
HELCTLODSTSIR Bae Meals 81
Heteranthera .... licence! le
SLUG USCUSHN etary a ace eee 22
TELECOM OE el aU 13
TE ORO 5 Sos Oe oA RO EO OR aa 30
HIPPOCASTANACEAE......... 2
HLOUSCONIG a eee 28
DELVES Raa een vats vec nb ease 14
HYDROPHYLLACEAE.......... pA)
Hymenopappus...... Lestat tral 30
EYRE RICAC HABA). Heenan secte 22
I
WY SOE ES epee nary sfc act 27
JEPFIOMRUS: eine G3bc0 eno aoe ods c 21
JEVCUROCTS We Soe GANGS enone S Se 25
TER TDIAC IAT yee Lise ecla oO 13
MSRNENUSH EA Melero cre lool eae eae 26
AOU MA a tester siavatieve lela vensnrerssenelane tere 30
J
JUGLANDACEAE......:...:-.. 13
SVITUCLUSS BORA BOOT CAs eR OO Ona. 13
JOAN OVNGI WOE Neh adn Boe ae oS 12
RUCUSR A eae aie Seite CURIS IL at 12
TRESSTOLC ON ahh ne Monell in Oa tala a 23

34 INDEX.

PAGE PAGE
K N
Koellia sl ereisiel oasis le eielelleie.«.cmhepeleye 26 NAIADACE:
QUITTUUST CRO ers een toe Me ld Nepeta..... Pe ‘i fea : ’ ; ; i Shs 26 i
L WNGthostordintss..s ee ee 12
anew ive IN YOTAGINIAC HARA chee 15
GAB VATIAR een se gets ¢ eee
OUCH D a enabeagone aca oa 30 | ; O
i)
eee FDIC OG. 0 ua OIA CF ae Re CTU ARI RRR A AA ERR Ra 2 23
Fe Cs RE aa egetr aaa 5 IG BVA CHAVHY , o) sdecers: si ep shelodr eietetoeia 24
Lae US viene cle Die ep enka: SoC 2 ONAGRACEAR.. 4 on) ete Be 23
REL AES eee) dR sake # Onpsmodiinics.. 0 a eee te 25
ISCO OULU prdy cates nine eG eee 29 Opuntia 08
GHG UMUUN OSAMS! erst meets betes = 18 ORGHIDACHEAR.. oe 1B
Pe VLA ACERS Per Osh 26 on OQHOBANCHACEA ee ae 27
Ree eA AUN ES arias : DrOvGRCHhe eect eee = 27)
Lepachy pC as rate aaah a 31 Osmorrhiza.’.... ) icc ese =< eee 24
bh i eer er eee ee ee ils Ostrya 13
IGESPEOLS Unie ateisjsisye estrone a exe ee 19 Oxi AGHA ln ee
ios 3 EAL TD A CRATE. 2 6. > ia - seperti 20
LILIACEAE a ge 12 OLGIS i accticao6 ook olen « «eee 20
AU TINUAC BAUS: «s/o seen ear aet 20
Tinum..... ATR or) O ee: 20 Pp
JOU hs CoIsA nC oe dONs AOC O CIR. 25
Lithospermum. .....0..20..00. 25 PAPAVERACEAE.........--..' 16
HORSERACE ee Wee. dee 29 LP OIPTOTO Uy eas ee one Sn jsus lsh 14
TEMAS: Oe De A 29 Purosela. ajoinaje « o/0/4 oichebanha lee 19
Lophotocarpus......2.......00- 11 (Pamthenocissus.......1¢. aeeeeenee 21
EGU ARO EUG: « «cis oto pckt= Aoki bob 23 PenthOrwin:... cns.s.a0 2 eee 17
ILA eae ae 26 Pentstemow, 52 is s2as2 eee 27
OST sn. setae he 3() PCUCEO ANU: « ..c\.-cne eee 24
TVARIOACHAR. 108.3 cducee 28 Phaseol US, csied iets eaten reaa9
IDS UE CRE ee eee 23 B l VOL... sees cece cenetene tne 25
AW YING ocscteltciese oretpeue Ore oo Au
M pe s\éa s000.00 te 26
RiSOl3. occ. s 1 < «ace 27
CROCUS 5 dodeobneduns 656 5c 25 Physostegia........... ««..s eee 26
Matva: «.).:. 5. SUb hogs G08 cn 22 PhYtOlAECE. .......0.05 6 1 15
IVIEAMTEV EA OHVANIO yctere deieiniercioeier ition 22 PHYTOLACCACEAE......... : 15
Malvastrum eeloheteneraistchalstertchatetshete 22 PLANTAGINACEAELL Lee 28
MOT UDUUNM sais oo de)abe siaye\aeis siete 26 Plantago.... ... eee 28
Medaeago.........---2.-2.-- ee 19 PLATANACH Aine eee 1N7,
Megaptertum ... 66. veer e eee 23 Plantanus. ...; eee ee en A: 17
Merbomid........-..2. ese. 18 | Polanisia: . ..Qagpeee eee ss Li
WRG ROMS ne a eanresis, Aes oqiaie haters 19 | PotEMONTAG@WAnIIEE ol. 95
MENISPERMACEAE........... 16 Polygala, Soe eee = 2 20
Nee ae eee eee tener eee a Pour GAG sea - a me 20
ENING. 22 eee er eee cee ee eens 26 POLY GONACHAIIN a0. ee 14
DU 4 (ee we P olggqonagpeimer cea sin oes. se 13
Mee w= Bie leivielaielelosed >. e)n\aixinta\ nels oa ro 2 OO TRON eae a ais siver tae 14
UMULUS. 20. e eee e ec reer cece OLYULOENTMM ae eisiavn sttus.ce ornare 24
UMRAO = eects acs weary foe bay: 15.°\|, PONIEEREACHAE,.: 42.0058 12
Monardt..... .202- cereeee cee. 26 Popa, deco iveikes tc eee 13
ee. Beets eh ay tit a Pom ete aes din dela Deke 15
ORACEAE ................. ORTRUIEAGCA CEA i e)-jer-ioeseere 15
MMOVONGUG. «06-08 1 reece 18 POtOMOgetOni. 5.4... «chien 11
MOTUS 2-620. os ne oe see sets 14 Potentillaees 2 Jeon eeooee 18
MYOSUPUS. 0 vere eee ence eee 16 Prengnthess. was Ras 30
Myriophyllum................. 24 PRIMULACEAR.. 22) eee eee 24

INDEX, 35
PAGE PAGE
LP PUITOU RRO Son ome mea ae IEE 26 SUTAPODUAVED Svan sooc BOM one 24
JPET Gs soo bb G00 USO ORE GeO 18 SHOEI Wh. daa A Dts NE eee 26
PERSON CLOG) Miapstar stare a Oes ei Sieh ciclo, ocx rere 19 SNOMED Soob ceo oo coos een on oe 91
AUN LOA DPUSkeeercrceee vce 29 STAPHYLEACEAE............. 2]
MUSH 56. c058 S00 G00sUs sb 00Kb0 00 17 ISLELROTIETIUGA tae hn teas 24
SLENOSIPNON \isjo iss siocns ses ss0 28
Q Symphoricarpos............+0. 28
COUET CUS Ne ea eee re cola, oi robes 13 | T
R I ROR RTIGTHIOG SAGAS SAR GRO uR OE 29
RANUNCULACEAR........ etal G HEUCTIUN ONS here Cee ie 26
SROLTUUIICULUES)) 3s. ec eee cece os 16 ONCE RUT ee nee 16
RHAMNACEAE.... .cccccceces 21 DIL aS DUN arco cues 17
PRICONVUNUESIR era ict ae peat a1 GEG ee Ce a 21
| ODS, «oS SER EEE ae 20 AGHA CHAE (iS). eeattes stents: 21
LE OS ESS: apt a peut Pe Rpos i eah age 17 EP QACSCARLIGH eek) aoe ge. 12
LEO OO OOO sc 5 Sa DOR SS Ber oe 19 UPTO Dis Gaba ooBooS oe ae neue oe 20
JRO FTOSES 5 AA nee 17 LOU ee ta 19
TROGD, A. REE iO aw een ae 18 NT VOStEUIT a ee ace 28
FROSACIRVA i ene ee Tee 17 LnOLUNON A arse te eee 30
JRO UCHICH OS eS Vn ITN I ener 23 DATO Gy dig ae OCG aeRO? 1l
IBRONBILAGIOVAI Cd oak ike none ees 28 ER YSPEVAC HABE eis Sa ee Leo tre 11
WU CLUUSMEe a aicrcn te Re apeeetes once cbiat 18
TUURUCCKICRL ee een enero 81 U
JULI SNR See mar 28 Wie NUAOH AT eon teen 14
NES UUITVERG hed ae ead ay ce) een 14 CHS eee eee ett ay 14
RUTACEAE nOOOOOOOOOOO0U 0D G00 20 UMBELLIFERAE ee NCEE AMR RUSe i 24
Ss ocd LAGS ROOD ata 14
ayaa : 13410) OV NOIWVNIDG Od Gn Bob on OoU OOS 14
s pee ae Ree inthe atc potiel® pn Deaz or i ; Urticastrum Be Hee UY Pe 14
Salleh | ous aaa a ans (CORO s 5S can bbanoedonsoor 27
(SIHISDUM S28 6% Ween ad Garena ses 15 V
ASYONI DOD) UIC aN Nec a er aa 26
SarOlMOIGUIS noosa conseounecsus 28 LEXARO PAN AROM S-ihtnk os Ses epaa ane eae 13
IS(UIZECTEL Ole ee ocr Pm ooh 24 Verbascumeiese enone 27
SANTALACEKAE. ............. 14 VGROANOR so aos GA Gon de Ae 25
SOMONOTUG 6 2c cc ee dee 15 WERBE NIAC HA as sere omens c 25
SAXIFRAGACEAE..... .... Peat VARIO oo bb bobo cogouane on eae 30
Scirpus Fas) «a ERR ae aa 12 WCTORUCUR ee eee ei Neues 27
SCUGMNUNOTEC 5a coe cen eas 27 VAUCidig Pre ree ace soe 19
SCROPHULARIACEAE......... oT WAKO ee en oo Le I ae TM 22,
Scutellaria ..........6. «. OG AYACOTOVCOL VAT OV a eae at ee yn 22
ISCILECTONSEIE ats ite coed ees 380 Vas ney Sine ns aa hotel sl ee 21
SUCVOS Eee Pe 29 VAL CI ra Are Son val crits ae a 26
(SUCK ES) sic 6 dot ie oe ee 22
Silene neh... a. 15 x
Siphium.... oe ieee eee eeee ees 31 XOMELTUM EW era e ee 30
Sisymbrium .............06. sooo Ie XGIROLOUITO May sen mene 20
SUSOTPUMENOUUID 0006000 consocoogue 13 Xylopleurum CADE fae crn Sei en a 2
SIMODHAONID Soocooubsooouudnes 13
eee i Riek eae eer a 13 Y
OIGAINFA GHAI Saree erie 27 yr
STOTT En oe eae 27 DEORE O IS ith i rans isi aa asta UE 12
SOU Oaks eis ee 30 Z
SPARGANIACEAB............. 11
SPOUT se eee. 27 VA NOAA NURS NAG ne Ris HRS Nery ells 12,

New York Botanical Garden Library

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